137 i ■t:r-u D ms-m':'i^2' '■'■ ■f '^,' M^l^A'^ ■^ > > *. wSif f/i ■A'-.' CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Cornell University Library F 157L2 B61 Bioaraphical annals of., .Lgnfi^.fA^r.ifijPttf'*''' olln 3 1924 028 852 998 Overs The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028852998 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS A OF LANCASTER COUNTY PENNSYLVANIA CONTAINING Biographical and Genealogical Sketches of Prominent AND Representative Citizens and Many OF THE Early Settlers ILLUSTRATED PUBLISHERS: J. H. beers & CO. ieo3 ^/ |\- tii;i^7 PRKFACE. HE importance of placing in book form biographical history of represen- tative citizens — both for its immediate worth and for its value to coming generations — is admitted by all thinking people; and within the past decade there has been a growing interest in this commendable means of perpetuating biography and family genealogy. That the public is entitled to the privileges afforded by a work of this nature needs no assertion at our hands; for one of our greatest Americans has said that the history of any country resolves itself into the biographies of its stout, earnest and representative citizens. This medium, then, serves more than a single purpose; while it perpetu- ates biography and family genealogy, it records history, much of which would be preserved in no other way. The Biographical Annals of Lancaster county had its inception in the mind of John F. Meginness, a citizen of that county, now deceased, widely known throughout the State as an his- torical writer, who, as manager for the firm of John F. Meginness & Co., commenced the work now completed. In presenting this work to its patrons, the publishers have to acknowledge, with gratitude, the encouragement and support their enterprise has received, and the willing assistance rendered in enabling them to surmount the many unforeseen obstacles to be met with in the production of a work of this character. In nearly every instance the material composing the sketches was gathered from those immediately interested, and then submitted in type-written form for correction and re- vision. The volume, which is one of generous amplitude, is placed in the hands of the public with the belief that it will be found a valuable addition to the library, as well as an invaluable contribu- tion to the historical literature of the State of Pennsylvania. THE PUBLISHERS. INDBX. PAGE Acheson Family 7S3 Acheson, T. B 753 Adams, Frederick 1315 Agnew, David H 5 Agnew Family 5 Aherne, William 974 Aikin, Joseph 1036 Albright, Frederick A 191 Albright, Mrs. Sarah 191 Albright, Walter F 1375 Alexander, Guy L., M. D 876 Alexander, John A 1 165 Alexander, Samuel 574 Ambler, Joseph P 505 Ambler, L. R 1203 Ament, Eli 1420 Ament Family 1420 Ament, Henry H 817 Ammon, Alonzo D 1170 Ammon, Mrs. Elizabeth 461 Ammon, John 1047 Ammon, Peter G 444 Ammon, Samuel 461 Anderson, John W 1379 Ankrimi Family 983 Ankrim, J. Martin 983 Appel, Rev. Dr. Theodore 22 Appel, Theodore B., M. D 23 Appleton, John B 1177 Appleton, Mrs. Miary S 11 77 Armor, Smith, M. D 71 Armstrong, John W 855 Armstrong, Williami C 647 Arndt, Henry 1340 Arnold Family 622 Arnold, Gideon W 628 Arnold, Mrs. Gideon W 629 Arnold, I. Clinton 622 Arnold, Ira W 629 Arnold, Walter J 629 Atlee, John L., M. D 166 Atlee, William A i i Aument, Aldus 301 Aument, George 274 Aument, H. H 274 Aument, Jacob , 301 Auverter, Isaac L 1308 Bachman, Abraham 531 Bachman,- Christian 332 Bachman, Ellis 333 Bachman Families ....332, 743, 1471 Bachman, Miss Harriet 456 Bachman, Jay 743 Bachman, John B 1471 PAGE Bachman, John M 791 Bachman, John W S3i Bachman, Lewis 945 Bachman, Morris 333 Bachman, Miss Reibecca 456 Bachman, Samuel 456 Baer, Chrisitian R iS3 Baer, John 152 Baer, Mlartin H 1031 Baer, Mrs. Mary L 153 Baer, Reuben A 152 Baer, Squire S. C 1096 Bahn, Adam 1269 Bailey, John H 1095 Baily, EHsha W., M. D 7S Bair Family 1017, 1091 Bair, George W 534 Bair, Henry R 1091 Bair, Howard M 1166 Bair, Jacob A 1183 Bair, John B 1017 Bair, John J 805 Baker, Amos 220 Baker, Andrew 78 Baker Families 496, 681 Baker, George F 681 Baker, Jos:eph W 1196 Baker, Miss Louise 681 Baker, Thomas 496 Balmier Family 1418 Balmer, Israel P I4S4 Balmer, John F 1418 Balmer, Oliver C 833 Balthaser, John F 903 Banzhof, John 849 Bard Families 344. 961 Bard, George 1420 Bard, Samuel, Jr.., 961 Bard, U. G 344 Bard, Wayne 1043 Bare, Adam 310 Bare, Milton L isoi Bare, Samuel G 414 Bare, Wayne 309 Barefoot, William M 1254 Barnett, Benjamin F 934 Barnett, Joseph 536 Barnholt. William S 846 Barr, Benjamin 749 Barr, Beniamin M 716 Barr, B. Frank i337 Barr Family 7i6 Barr, Martin I57 Barr, Susanna M 716 Bartch, Amos 1249 PAGE Bartch, Mrs. Mary E 1250 Bartholomew, David H 913 Barton, Benjamin S 135 Barton Family 968 Barton, Henry 840 Barton, Miss Lizzie 1 840 Barton, Matthias 187 Barton, Ralph A 1243 Barton, William H 968 Bassler, Christian G 571 Bates, W. Edgar, M. D 1340 Batten, Hiram L 537 Bauer, Eugene ^S Bauer, Mrs. Judith 688 Baughman Family 662 Baughman, Hervey 662 Baumgardner Family 386 Baumgardner, Henry K 386 Baumgardner, John H 168 Baumgardner, Mrs. Mary S. . . . 923 Bausman Family 56 Bausman, Jacob S6 Bausman, John W. B 58 Beamesderfer, John 1302 Bear, Albert R 1002 Bear, Elias 463 ■ Bear, William G 1368 Beard, Samuel J 483 Beates Family 752 Beates, Frederick A 662 Beates, Harry S 7S2 Beck, Peter R 1376 Becker Family 1000 Becker, John F 660 Becker, Levi 855 Becker, Michael 1000 Beckler, Henry B 1511 Beiler, Joseph H 551 Bell, Henry D 1282 Bell, William J 826 Bender Families 557, 1035 Bender, Franklin 1413 Bender, John (Manheim) 1035 Bender, John (Upper Leacock) 975 Bender, John W 975 Bender, Kinzer, Jr 965 Bender, William K 557 Bender, W. K •. 1349 Benkert, George 623 Bennett Family 1239 Bennett, Harry A logS Bennett, John T 1283 Bennett, Joseph M 1239 Bergman, Andrew 316 Besore, David F 430 VI INDEX PAGE Besore, Henry J 1155 Best, James B 422 Best, John 420 Betz, Mrs. Catherine 87 Betz, Jacob, Jr pog Betz, Jacob, Sr 87, 909 Betz, Philip 88 Beyer Family 776 Beyer, Josiah 776 Bicknell, Walter F 490 Bingeman, S. H 1000 Binkley, Abraham E 1108 Binkley, David E 1077 Binkley Families 911, 1324 Binkley, Henry 1290 Binkley, Henry F 911 Binkley, Capt. John L 1323 Binnesderfer, S. L 1372 Bireley Family 831 Bireley, George W 831 Bitner, Abraham 585 Bitner, Mrs. Amelia 1031 Bitner, David P 1031 Bitner, John R 584 Bitzer, Martin R 403 Bitzer, R. R i486 Black, Hon. James 1323 Black, J. Joseph 1297 Blank, David S 893 Blank Family 894 Blank, John S 877 Bleacher, Benjamin F 1044 Bleacher, Mrs. Ellen E 1044 Bletz, John H 764 Bletz, Mrs. Naomi 764 Blickenderfer, Henry 720 Blickenderfer, Richard 720 Blough, Hon. Henry K., M. D. 736 Boardman, Arthur I3S0 Bolster, George 1238 Bolton Family 976 Bolton, Wiilmer ' P 976 _ Bomberger Family 105 1 'Bomberger, Henry 1 193 Bomberger, Henry H 1051 Bomberger, Jacob H 488 Bomberger, Philip L 1 194 Book. Daniel 1483 Book, Flam G 984 Book Family 1483 Book. John G 414 Bookman, Harry R 993 Bookman, William H 993 Books, Franklin 1035 Bowers, Michael F 905 Bowman, Amos 829 Bowman Family 317 Bowman, Franklin 317 Bowman, Isaac M' 1443 Bowman, John M ' 7S3 Bowman, Right Rev. Samuel, D. D 24 Boyd, Hon. C. G 143 Boyd, Henry C 231 Boyd, Samuel H 830 Boyd, Samuel H. (1862) 1300 Brackbill, Mrs. Anna '. 874 Brackbill, Benjamin 874 Brackbill, Christian E loog Brackbill, Rev. Christian M. .. . 276 Brackbill, Elias E 366 Brackbill Families . .'. 276, 365 Brackbill, Henry P 365 PAGE Brackbill, Levi H 1445 Bradley, John S ' 1046 Brandt, David 414 Brandt, David H 64a Brandt Family 1068 Brandt, Frederick H....^ 1311 Brandt, Harriet 414 Brandt, John 1261 Brandt, Mrs. Margaret 1261 Brandt, Mrs. Maria E 1069 Brandt, Mrs. Mary P 640 Brandt, Samuel L 1068 Brecht, Michael 1334 Breed, Rev. Walter R., B. S., B. D 1217 Breinig, Jacob 1237 Breneraan, Mrs. Anna M. (West Hempfield) 678 Breneman, M.rs. Anna M. (Lan- caster) 68 Breneman, Major B. Frank 388 Breneman, Benjamin K 1473 Breneman, Elmer M 910 Breneman Families 388, 1473 Breneman, George L 1371 Breneman, Dr. Henry F 1014 Breneman, Henry M. 1 678 Breneman, Capt. Henry N 68 Breneman, Henry P 639 Breneman, Henry R 1397 Breneman, Jacob K 1474 Breneman, John L. (Mt. Joy) . . 1409 Breneman, Joseph K 723 Brenholtz Family 907 Brenholtz, Walter S., M. D 907 Brenneman, Franklin 315 Brenneman, John L 1389 Bressler, George B 830 Brimmer, John A 1080 Brinton, Charles C 637 Brinton Families 719, 1173 Brinton, James 1272 Brinton, Joshua 622 Brinton, Lewis 313 Brinton, Mrs. Lydia T 1272 Brinton, Mrs. Mary B 313 Brinton, Mrs. Susan M 1391 Brinton, Mrs. Susanna 719 Brinton, William 7jg Brinton, William P 1391 Brinton. William P. (Christi- ana) . .. 1172 Brinton, William R., Esq 1391 Brison, Jacob L 875 Brobst, James C, M. D 158 Broome. John C 773 Brosius, Jesse 357 Brosius, Hon. Miarriott, LL. D. 16 Brosius, Hon. William H 145 Brown, Alvin 539 Brown, Alfred M 207 Broiwn, Arthur 320 Brown, Benjamin W 321 Brown. Mrs. Clara H 773 Brown, Davis A 501 Brown, Edwin H 772 Brown, Elmer E 321 Brown Families 68, 320, 1478 Brown, Frank 1478 Brown, George 320 Brown, George H 321 Brown, George H. (Little Brit- ain) 980 Brown, George W 1294 Brown, Hiram F 320 Brown, Jacob J 1142 Brown, Jacob K 71 Brown, John H 1142 Brown, Josiah 284 Brown, Levi K 70 Brown, Mrs. Margaret C 1142 Brown, Mrs. Mary A : 284 Brown, Slater F 504 Brown, Thomas J 320 Brown, Walter G 321 Brubaker Families. .. .352, 1064, 1133 Brubaker, Frank S 1064 Brubaker) Henry S 475 Brubaker, Jacob B 737 Brubaker, Bishop Jacob N 354 Brubaker, J. Frank 1049 Brubaker, John D 85 Brubaker, Joseph E 434 Brubaker, Joseph S 1178 Brubaker, Mrs. Marianna 659 Brubaker, Martin K 1114 Brubaker, Martin N 1427 Brubaker, Nathaniel K 1133 Brubaker, Oliver B 1458 Brubaker, Philip 351 Brubaker, Roland S 559 Brubaker, Rolandus 11 12 Brubaker, Samuel 1431 Brubaker, William B 737 Bruce, Amos F 1021 Bruner, Alfred C 1188 Bruner Family 1188 Bruner, Jacob M 1371 Bruner, Owen F 1370 Bryson, L. M., M. D 238 Bryson, William M 1221 Buch, Henry B 782 Buch, J. Frank 1350 Buch, Jonathan B 1313 Buch, Mrs. Mary A 1313 Buchanan, James 430 Bucher Family 1032 Biicher, Frederick 576 Bucher, Frederick C, M. D 577 Bucher, Rev. George 1032 Buckius, Charles 433 Buckwalter, George L 726 Buckwalter, Isaac (West Lam- peter) 780 Buckwalter, Isaac loio Buckwalter, John 780 Buckwalter, Silas R 1218 Buehrle, Robert K 440 Bunn, William' H 641 Bunting, Walter S 535 Burger, Prof. Chris 1505 Burger, Henry 359 Burger, John A 588 Burger, Rev. S. Clement 1319 Burkholder, Abraham W 954 Burkholder, Amos E 900 Burkholder, Ezra 1003 Burkholder, Ezra H 1003 Burkholder Family \ 095 Burkholder, John R ..'. 803 Burkholder, Joseph ' .' 1050 Burkholder. Weidler B 995 Burrowes, Thomas H., LL. D. . 104 Burt, Arthur 272 Burt Family 272 Burt, Nathaniel 272 INDEX vu PAGE Bush, Philip S 189 Bushong, S. E 1515 Butz, John 1321 Byers, Benjamin F 742 Byers Family 742 Byers, Jacob J 607 Byers, John 607 Cain, James M 1214 Cairnes, Rev. William G 1506 Caldwell, William J 895 Cameron Family 3 Cameron, Gen. Simon 3 Cameron, Maj. Simon B 3 Campbell Family 907 Campbell, Samuel 907 Cannon, John A 914 Cannon, Mrs. John A 914 Carmany, Jacob S 1522 Carpenter, Christian G 1113 Carpenter (or Zimmerman), Emanuel 163 Carpenter Families 186, 522 Carpenter, Henry 186 Carpenter, Samuel L 522 Carpenter, WilUam S 1184 ' Carrigan, Enos 429 Carrigan, Joseph 1102 Carter, John H 1072 Cassel, Abram N 312 Cassel, Abraham H 330 Cassel, George L., M. D 1132 Cassel, Hon. H. Burd 3J2 Cas6el, Jacob 330 Causse, John B 216 Champneys, Judge Benjamin... 13 Charles, Amos 1014 Charles, Andrew 304 Charles, Mrs. Anna L 85 Charles, Barbara A 1006 Charles, Christian F 246 Charles, David H 283 Charles Families 282, 1006 Charles, Miss Harriet 304 Charles, Henry H 892 Charles, Jacob 483 Charles, John A 84 Charles, John F 706 Charles, John F. (1857) 417 Charles, Joseph 416 Charles, Levi F 1482 Charles, Willis B 1474 Chartiere, Martin 78 Christ, Michael K 924 Christ, Norman M 924 Clair, Stephen S 199 Clark Family 997 Oark, Franklin 179 Clark, John 319 Coble, Mrs. Anna A 710 Coble, Christian H 709 Cochran Family 160 Cochran, Harry B 162 Cbchran, John J 1343 Cochran, Thomas B 160 Collier, Cloyd R 795 Collins Family 959 Collins, James P 232 Collins, Judge Orestes 13 Collins, Ross C 992 Collins, Thomas 992 Collins, Thomas S 9S9 Conley, Thomas E 1307 Connelly Family 917 PAGE Connelly, Samuel S 917 Conner, Henry 1449 Conrad, John 598 Cook, Clifford 1059 Cooney, J. M 1427 Cooper, Calvin 636 Cooper, Joseph P , I140 Cooper, Rufus K 967 Cornelius, William 1318 Corrigan, John H 1260 Cox, Walter J 1460 Craig, Alexander, M. D 133 Craig, Alexander R., M. D 134 Cramer, Owen 1159 Cramer, Rev. W. Stuart 1220 Crane, George 947 Crane, Col. Robert 361 Crawford, John 1260 Crawford, Rev. John A 856 Crawford, Oliver 1260 Crist Family 1190 Crist, William E 1190 Crouse Family ; 1347 Crouse, William M 1347 Crumbaugh, Rev. John S 15 12 Cully, George G 977 Cully, Thomas 300 Cutler Family 996 Cutler, Irwin : 996 Dague, William 601 Dambach, David H 1472 Dambach Family 974 Dambach, Henry H 1422 Dare Family 75 Davis, Eli W 999 Daivis Family 757 Davis, Hill E 569 Davis, Jenkins 1519 Davis, Reese H 757 Davis, S. T., M. D 1388 Deen, David L 328 Deen Family 328 DeHaven, Abraham A 1248 DeHaven, Mrs. Clara E 1414 DeHaven, Edward P 97° DeHaven Families Iii, 1248 Deichler, Albert Mi. 1230 Dellet, Adam 1258 Delp, George Mi 53i Demmy, Aaron B 1045 Denlinger, Abraham R 495 Denlinger, Benjamin K 527 Denlinger, B. Willis 936 Denlinger, Daniel 482 Denlinger, Daniel H 748 Denlinger, Daniel K 11 33 Denlinger, Elmer K i IS4 Denlinger Families 748, 936 Denlinger, Freeland L 748 Denlinger, Jacob 498 Denlmger, Jacob (Leacock)... 933 Denlinger, Jacob B 1408 Denlinger, Jacob M 1 136 Denlinger, John B 498 Denlinger, Mrs. Margaret 482 Denlinger, Samuel 1284 Denlinger, Simon SSo Denlinger, Mrs. Susanna 496 Denney, John Q 304 Dennison, Joseph 1058 Derrick, Richard J 1416 Desch, George S 1306 Desch, Joseph G 1015 PAGE Detwiler, Hiram L 904 Detwiler. Joseph 912 Detwiler, William B 743 Detz, John G 1293 Detz, Joseph 1317 Deutsch, Mrs. Elizabeth 1369 Deutsch, Kaufman 1369 Dickey, J. Scott 1359 Diem, John H 710 Diem, John K 810 Dierolf, William 1522 Dietrich Family 708 Dietrich, Pljilip 708 Dietrich, Samiuel 706 Diffenbach, John R 26 Diffenbaugh, Aaron H 427 Diffenderffer, Fra;nk R 172 Diller, Mrs. A. M 565 Diller, Charies F 1328 Diller, Edwin C 424 Diller, Elias 376 Diller Family 564 Diller, Grabill 1496 Diller, Isaac 564 Diller, Isaac (Leacock) 1443 Diller, Lewis 1496 Diller, Roland 28 " Diller, Samuel W 1090 Diller, William F 1322 Dillich, Franklin 793 Dillinger Family 982 Dillinger, Henry K 982 Dinks, Henry 1495 Divet, Mlarion 13^ Doble, Charles 971 Doble, Charles A 971 Dodge, Byron G 600 Donley, Hugh 1022 Donoghue, Dennis 175 Donoghue, Mirs. Jane 175 Dorsey, Mrs. Martha 1024 Dorsey, Samuel 1024 Dorsheimer, Peter 1082 Douglas Family 1507 Dorwart, Martin 323 Doutrick, Byram 1382 Drennen. James K 498 Drybread, H. M 956 Duffy, James 8 Duffy, Col. James 7 Duffy, Mrs. Martha 8 Dunlap, Andrew J 1232 Dunlap Family 1232 Dunlap. Mrs. Frances 1233 Dutt, Christian 414 Eaby, C. Reese 1343 Eaby Family 253 Eaby, George W 459 Eabi', Jacob 724 Eaby, Jacob M 253 Eaby, Jason K 275 Eaby, Joseph Ii8g Eaiby, Peter R 1338 Easton, Rev, William, D, D 19 Eavenson, Benjamin 1178 Eberle, John, M. D 185 Eberly, Adam J 381 Ebersole, Jacob L 861 Ebersole, Samuel E.. 1362 Eby, Araaziah B 435 Eby, Amos F 512 Eby, Christian 509 Eby, Elias 444 Vlll INDEX PAGE Eby, Emanuel W 288 Eby Families 480, 511 Eby, Henry N 511 Eby, Henry W I180 Eby, Bishop Isaac 316 Eby, Isaac D 117 Eby, John - N 480 Eby, Lemuel C 796 Eby, Hon. Milton 1493 Eby, Samuel 510 Eby, Sim 435 Eby, Simon P 268 Ecicert, Otomer S 834 Eckmian, B. D 437 Eckman Family 1182 Eckman, Miller 1182 Eckman, William H 1131 Edgerley, Edward 368 Edwards, William H 975 Efinger, Adolph 818 Ehrenf ried, Joseph 131 Eisenberg, Simon U 1172 Elliott, Samuel 646 Ellmaker, Amos 60 Ellmaker, Levi, Esq 648 Ellmaker, Nathaniel 64 'Ellmaker, Mrs. Nathaniel 65 Ellmaker, Thomas, M. D 60 Elser Family 767 Elser, Peter 767 Engle, Abraham W 558 Engle, Daniel G 258 Engle Families 257, 29s Engle, Frederick 929 Engle, Frederick S 929 Engle, Mrs. Harriet 765 Engle, Hon. Henry M 258 Engle, Jacob H 765 Engle, Levi L 428 Engle, Samuel G 836 Engle, Simon H 295 English, John W 970 Epler, ChrisUian M 1489 Epler, John H 1383 Epler, P. S 1278 Erb, Abraham 1 150 Erb; A. Lincoln 1371 Erb, Benijamiin H 1411 Erb, Clayton iocs Erb, Daniel B 7 1150 Jirb Family 465 Erb, Henry R 512 Erb, Hiram L 465 Erb, Israel G 192 Erb, Mlahlon 942 Erb, Samuel B 950 Erb, William W 96s Erisman, Christian 597 Erisman, Clement S 1515 Erisman, John 377 Esbens'hade, Abraham 1128 Esbenshade, Christian B 203 Esbenshade, Isaac B 881 Esbenshade, Joseph H 1158 Esbenshade, Peter 1157 Esbenshade, Peter B 1352 Esbbach, Abraham L 11 16 Eshbach, Henry F 1033 Eshbach, John B 1500 Eshelman, David B 1503 Eshelman, David M 949 Eshelman Family 949 Eshelman, Henry S 1026 Albert H Benjamin K Christian Rev. Daniel M. David, Sr David B David F David G Families Eshleman, Eslileman, Eshleman, Eshleman, Eshleman, Eshleman, Eshleman, Eshleman, Eshleman 440, 924, 1122, Eshleman, George R Eshleman, H. Frank Eshleman, Jacoib Eshleman, Jacob S Eshleman, John B., Esq Eshleman, Samuel Eshleman, Samuel S Eshleman, Walter M Evans. Benjamin Evans Family Evans, Franklin J Evans, Capt. Samuel Evans, Rev. Sydney K E-vans, William L Eyer, David M PAGE 1446 1442 1 122 1 153 138 362 886 439 1442 439 362 III 67 67 779 1 153 924 868 867 267 8 1041 868 667 Eager, Charles F 1164 Fairer Family 955 Fairer, William W., Jr 955 Farmer, Clayton R 1354 Fasnacht, Joel 184 Fausnacht. Samuel S 949 Fawkes, Joseph W 23 Feagley, Frank S 1246 Feagley, John 1246 Ferguson, Christian C 277 Ferguson, John G 1476 Ferguson, Joiin W 395 Ferguson, Mrs. Sarah A 277 Ferry, James H 759 Fieles, Martin M' 713 Fink, William D., M. D 1201 Fisher, Daniel S 1 120 Fisher, David R 1313 Fisher, Mrs. Elizabeth 758 Fisher, Henry 758 Fisher, Philip 1405 Fisher, Sheridan D 1313 Fitler, James W 525 Flickinger Family 886 Flickinger, John 885 Flowers, Addison S 1498 Folmer, Frank R 740 Foltz, Jonathan M 10 Foltz, Peter Y 877 Foltz. Samuel F 895 FonDersmith, Charles A 76 Fordney, Thomas P 1068 Foreman Family 812 Foreman, Peter 812 Forney, Abraham R 432 Forney, David R 1273 Forney, John W 154 Forney, Levi R 1422 Forrest Family 79 Forrest, Hon. George 79 Forrey, Amos N 1267 Forrey, Danief N 839 Forrey, Isaac N 1361 Forrey, Jacob C 390 Forrey, John 1266 Forrey, John C 607 Forry, Daniel D 14S0 PAGE Fox, Henry 1088 Fox, Jacob D 938 Fox, Mrs. Margaret 1088 Frailey Family 880 Frailey, William 880 Frame, Rev. Cleveland 11 14 France, Ike 583 Frank, Charles 977 Franklin Family 402 Franklin, George M 462 Franklin, Thomas E 402 Franklin, Walter 13, 402 Franklin, Walter M 402 Frantz Family 734 Frantz, Henry L 226 Frantz, John R 734 Frantz, Mrs. Susan E. W 226 Freitchie, Barbara 205 Frew, George W. H., M. D. . . 1226 Frew, William C 1226 Frey, Charles H 1168 Frey Family 824 Frey, Henry D 1457 Frey, James F 1276 Frey, Samuel F 824 Fridy, Sam Matt 236 Fritchey, Rev. John G 372 Fritchey, Joseph U 376 Fritz, Ezra B 1436 Froelich, John M 404 Fry, Rev. Charles L 615 Fry, Emanuel G 1352 Fry Families 615, 1169 Fry, Jacob M 1169 Fry, Menno M 740 Fry, Phares W 1332 Frybarger, Sylvester 563 Fuhrman, William 1368 Fulton, Edgar F 843 Fulton, Hugh R., Esq 412 Funk, Amos G 1016 Funk, Henry K 220 Funk, Isaac S 542 Funk, John H 1451 Furniss Family 426 Furniss, John M 426 Futer, Amos 206 Futer, Andrew J 1134 Gable, Michael F 937 Gable, William K 1084 Gallagher, Albert L 1376 Gamber, John H 906 Gamiberling, John H 1056 Gantner, John 128 Gara, Miss Elizabeth 32 Gara, Hugh S 31 Garber, Amos E 1384 Garber, Andrew 1295 Garber, Andrew M 1 124 Garber, Christian G 1307 Garber, David L 931 Garber Family 931 Garber, Henry G 943 Garber, Jacob L 884 Garber, John E 973 Garber, John S 1195 Garber, Simon E 1 102 Garber, Mrs. Susan 1195 Gardiner Family 150 Gardiner, Rev. Frederic, A. M. 150 Gardner, Edmund 923 Gardner Family 923 INDEX IX PAGE Garrett, Elwood P 1312 Garrett, George K 850 Garvin, Milton T 852 Ga'st, Christian 140 Gast, Frederick A., D. D 140 Gatchell, Hon. J. C, M. D.... 1177 Geiger, Mrs. Catherine M 339 Geiger, Christopher 148, 543 Geiger, William C 543 Geist, Henry 14 Geist, Isaac S 1400 Geist, J. M. W 88 Geist, John 487 Gemperling, Henry C 580 Gensemer, Mrs. Mary A 1093 Gensemer, Samuel G 1093 Gerhard, Rev. Dariits W., A. M. 55 Gerhard Family SS Gerhard, Milton U., M. D 589 Gerhart, Rev. Emanuel V., D. D., LL. D 33 Gerhart, Henry 556 Gerhart, John 379 Gerhart, Col. William R., A. M. 1342 Getz Family 578 Getz, Noah L 578 Geyer, George S ........ .■ 418 Gibble, Isaac S 1277 Gibble, Isaac W 1277 Gibbons, Joseph, M. D 659 Gibson, George 199 Gibson, Henry W 747 Gibson, John 1 179 Gibson, Samuel 1220 Gibson, Mrs. Susan 1179 Gilbert, Amos 562 Gilbert, Edwin M 533 Gillespie. George W., M. D 363 Ginder, Ephraim C 1087 Gingrich, Alfred B 1499 Gingrich, Jonas S 1521 Gingrich, Milton E 1520 Girfin, Frank G 1317 Girvin. Robert 499 Gish, Mirs. Amanda S 328 Gish, Amos R 1473 Gish Famiily 327 Gish, Henry B 327 Gish, Henry J 1470 Gish, Jacob R 144S Gish, Peter R 1305 Given, Frank S 493 Given, William B 492 Givler, Hosea 1287 Glass, Samuel 1296 Glatfeker, David L. 1109 Glatfelter Family 1109 Glatfelter, Harris A 497 Glosser, William A 1227 Gochnauer, Andrew H 1358 Gochnauer Family 538 Gochnauer, John M 538 Gochnauer, Joseph H 538 Gochnauer, Samuel 247 Goldbach, George G 853 Goll, John A 1211 Good, Amos G 1288 Good, Benjamin 1158 Good, David K 1106 Good, Mrs. Elizabeth 96 Good, Ezra M logo Good Family 573 Good, Henry 1461 PAGE Good, Isaac B 877 Good, Jacob H 1429 Good, J. Martin 575 Good, John B 95 Good, John E 433 Good, John J 1501 Good, Martin H 1453 •Good, Martin R 1092 Good, Miss Mary 433 Good, Michael R 343 Good. Solomon H 883 Goos, Henry 1381 Gorrecht, William P 1380 Goss, Christian E 643 Grab, Frederick V 355 Grab, Mrs. Louise 356 Gra'bill, Clayton L 858 Grady. John 875 Graeff. David 619 Graeff, John H 620 Graham, Dana 114 Graham, Mrs. Lucy M 114 Grasnick. Dr. Dorothea J. L... 876 Graul, Daniel D 933 Graul Family 933 Graver, Amos 317 Graver, Henry M 1415 Graver, Henry M., Jr 1415 Graybill, Hon. David W 800 Graybill Families 715,1187 Graybill, Herman W 715 Graybill, Rev. Jacob N 296 Graybill. Samuel G loii Grebill, John B 1 191 Greenleaf. F. M 1470 Greer, Adam 1102 Greer, John A iioi Gregg, Lewis B 1D18 Greider, Amos M 917 Greider, Christian 678 Greider, Mlartiti 1386 Greider, Samuel S 1305 Greiner, Anthony G 1087 Gress. George W 1113 Greybill, Rufus D 1004 Grier. William H 53 Griest, Major Ellwood 92 Griest. Hon. W. W 92 Griffiths. Herman B 896 Grilhortzer, Esther A 446 Gril'bortzer, Gottleib 446 Grissinger. Jacob R 1408 Groff, Abraham B. loio Groff. Abraham S 422 Groff. Adam ISII Groff. Adam R 406 GrofF. Aldus 1215 Groff, Amos 1264 Groff. A mos H 1064 Groflf, Christian 279 Groff. David 187 Groff. David E 566 Groff. Rev. Elias 103 Groff. Ezra 912 Groff Families 103. 263. 204, 566. 805, 845, 1064 Groff. Frank R ■^55 Groff. Frank S .* 84.^ Groff. Harry 406 Groff. Henry L 452 Groflf. Isaac 203 Groff. Rev. J. N 263 Groff, John L 734 PAGE Groff, John M. (East Drumore) 1246 Groff, John M. (Strasburg) . . . 407 Groff, John M. (Lancaster) . . . 664 Groff, M. H 834 Groflf, Martin K 1008 Groff, Nathaniel S 761 Groflf, Silas E 491 Groff, Wenger R 1231 Groff, William S 805 Grosh, John 1183 Grosh, Samuel E 629 Gross Family 639 Gross, Levi S 639 Grubb, Charles B 50 Grubb, Clement B 49 Grubb, Miss Daisy E. B 50 Grubb Family 48 Grubb, Henry B 49 Grube, David K 606 Grube, George B 1264 Grube, Martin H 405 Grube, William C 942 Gruber, John C 1479 Gruel, Jacob W 1 197 Gruger, Pearson E 944 Guiles Family 1303 Guiles, William M 1303 Gunzenhauser, Christian 888 Guthrie, William H 797 Habecker, Christian 1346 Habecker, Joseph H 1487 Habecker, Joseph K 1419 Hackenberger, George W 633 Hacker, Mrs. Lavinia L 338 Hacker, Levi S 337 Hackman Family 771 Hackman, Franklin S 771 Hackman, Jacob W 771 Haefner, Joseph 656 Hager, Charles F 179 Hager, Christopher 555 Hager, Christopher (1800).... 179 Hager Family 178 Haines Family 701 Haines, Henry B 701 Haines. John F 764 Halbach, Jacob 1200 Haldeman, Samuel S 144 Haldy, Lewis 560 Haldy, William Y 560 Hall, Edward C 548 Hall, Joseph A 1081 Hall, N. Franklin 879 Hamaker. John S . . . '. 962 Hambleton, Thomas B 652 Hamibright, Albert B 1505 Hambright, Mrs. Fanny 1403 Hambright, George 1402 Hambright, Prof. George M... 170 Hambright, Mrs. William T... 293 Hamilton, John A 1275 Hamilton, Lafayette 867 Hamilton. William 714 Hamt), William H., Sr 1071 Hanck, George 224 Hanck, Michael S 1067 Hanck, Samuel M 1068 Hanna, Charles G 1005 Hannum, Preston E 729 Hark, Dr. Hugo C 1135 Harm, William 760 Harman, Daniel 153 INDEX PAGE Harner, Henry C 155 Harner, Jesse 473 Harner, John S 486 Harner, Joseph 1049 Harner, Samuel 482 Harnish, Abraham 717 Harnish, Abraham B 1204 Harnish, Amos B 11 18 Harnish, Benjamin 786 Harnish, Benjamin B 940 Harnish, Daniel F 1030 Harnish, David F 309 Harnish, David H 1038 Harnish, David L 908 Harnish, H. H 1453 Harnish, Michael 786 Harper, Joseph D 516 Harple, Franklin G 1062 Harrar, A. Jackson 1057 Harrar Family I0S7 Harrar, John D 1257 Harris, Alexander 59 Harry, Willis G. 1373 Hart, Stephen J 1454 Hartman, Aaron E 976 Hartman, Albert 860 Hartman, Mrs. Anna M 1500 Hartman, Mks. Catherine. 1331 Hartman, David K 1380 Hartman, George H 1300 Hartman, Henry F 1331 Hartman, John 1 248 Hartman, John K 1518 Hartman, Lewis S 540 Hartman, Mrs. Mary A S4i Hartman, Samuel 488 Hartman, Samuel B., M. D 968 Hassler, Aaron B iioi Hassler Family iioi Hastings, Miss Emma R 4S9 Hastings Family 403 Hastings, Joto 458 Hastings, Joseph D 403 Hastings, L. Rutter 1171 Hastings, William S 269 Hatz, Mrs. Harriet 355 Hatz, John 3S4 Hatz, Samuel 354 Hauck, David C 902 Haupt, Rev. Charles E., D. D.. 1212 Haverstick, Abraham B ...... . 334 Haverstick, Mrs. Annde B 946 Haverstick, David C 596 Haverstick Families 596, 656 Haverstick, Johti M 1418 Haverstick, Levi 656 Haverstick, Levi H 946 Hawthorn, George W 1245 Hayes, Enos P 995 Hayes Family 995 Hays, Charles 478 Hays, John L 809 Heagy, H. R 852 Heckler, Franklin J 311 Heidelbaugh Family 324 Heidelbaugh, Hon. Milton 324 Heidlebach, Jacob H 1484 Heidler Family 795 Heim, George 790 Heim, George, Jr 1316 Heim, John F 1060 Heine. Paul 468 Heinitsh, Charles A 208 PAGE Heinitsh, John F 210 Heinitsh, Sigmund W 209 Heinitsh, Walter A 209 Heinitz, Anton Frederick, Bar- on von 208 Heintzelman, Samuel P 206 Heise, B. Frank 932 Heisey, Edward L 1208 ■ Heisey Family 1138 Heisey, George R 899 Heisey, John W 1360 Heisey, Joseph K 1359 Heisey, Jacob W 1438 Heisey, Martin N -I136 Heisev, Simon C 967 Heisey, W. Scott I4S9 Heistand, Franklin Ml 846 Heitshu, William A 384 Helfrich, Matthias S 1103 Heller Family 938 Heller, Deacon Henry D 938 Heller, John S 1125 Helm, Daniel 227 Helm, D. E 303 Helm, Frank W 475 Henderson, Archibald L 667 Henderson, Jacob M 247 Henderson, James B 1358 Henderson, Mrs. Margaret A.. 667 Henderson, William 1259 Henderson, Mrs. William 1259 Henderson, Col. William C. . . . 702 Hennecke, Mrs. Sarah J 279 Hennecke, William F 279 Henninger, N. C i457 Henry, Benjamin F 1194 Henry, Judge John J 13 Hensel Family 1236 Hensel, N. N 449 Hensel, Hon. William U 373 Hensel, William W 1236 Herchelroth, Norman F 1C09 Herman, Adam T 1300 Herman, J. Peter 1171 Hernley, Abrami 954 Hernley Family 954 Herr, Aaron 887 Herr, Abraham 228 Herr, Abraham B 448 Herr, Rev. Abraham B 173 Herr, Abraham G 1225 Herr, Abraham H 817 Herr, Albert M. 802 Herr, Allan A 205 Herr, Ambrose J., M. D 185 Herr, Amos F 783 Herr, Amos H 393 Herr, Amos K 699 Herr, Andrew 649 Herr, Benjamin B 1425 Herr, Benjamin G 205 Herr, Mrs. Charlotte 1335 Herr, Christian. 817 Herr, Christian B 176 Herr, Christian S. B 361 Herr, Cyrus S 400 Herr, Daniel ( Pequea) 679 Herr. Daniel D 582 Herr, Col. Daniel H 29 Herr, David E 1204 Herr, D. Jefferson 857 Herr, Elias 1089 Herr, Elias H 709 PAGE Herr, Emanuel H 1327 Herr. Families 29, 176, 204, 254, 679, 802, 1041, 1066 Herr, F. M 1306 Herr, Francis ' 1335 Herr, Francis L 807 Herr, George K 708 Herr, Harry B loi I Herr, Henry B 985 Herr, Henry M 370 Herr, Hiram P 964 Herr, Isaac 798 Herr, Isaac R 227 Herr, Jacob 817 Herr, Jacob K 826 Herr, J. Aldus. ,. ' 1219 Herr, Jeremiah 267 Herr, J. Haldeman 176 Herr, John 964 Herr, John B 383 Herr, John D 1118 Herr, John L 254 Herr, John R 1311 Herr, Martin 173 Herr, Reuben D 679 Herr, Rudolph S 652 Herr, Silas S 1066 Herr, Solomon R 1041 Hersh, Benjamin F 1028 Hersh, E. H ' I45S Hershey, Abraham L 1 159 Hershey, Andrew H 567 Hershey, Benjamin F 1372 Hershey, Benjamin H 1326 Hershey, Benjamin M 997 Hershey, Benjamin W 726 Hershey, Christian ml Hershey, Clarence B looi Hershey, Dianiel M 1504 Hershey, Elias 142 Hershey, Elias H 44 Hershey, Ephraim 63, 677 Hershey, Ephraim H 1485 Hershey, Eusebius K 1163 Hershey Families 62, 141, 285, 471, 677, 726, 1 163, 1326 Hershey, George B., M. D 930 Hershey, Harry L 1083 Hershey, Henry (Leacock).. . . 981 Hershey, Henry (Lancaster) . . 190 Hershey, Henry S 696 Hershey, Jacob D., M. D 1099 Hershey, Jacob E 63, 677 Hershey, Jacob G 292 Hershey, Jacob H 631 Hershey, Jacob R 285 Hershey, Rev. Jacob R 62, 676 Hershey, Jacob S 671 Hershey, J. Milton 1302 Hershey, John E. . . .■ 698' Hershey, John E. (Paradise) . . 141 Hershey, Josiab 649 Hershey, Landis 1480 Hershey, Mrs. Magdalena iiii Hershey, Peter E 471 Hershour, .Abraham 470 Hertgen, Joseph E 1382 Hertzler Family 674 Hertzler, John 644 Hess, Abraham Z 1054 Hess, B. Z 897 Hess, Mrs. Catharine 1430 Hess, Christian H 1472 INDEX XI PAGE Hess, Conrad Z 802 Hess, Daniel D 1430 Hess, Daniel T 1139 Hess, David H 552 Hess Families 1051, 1054, 1440 Hess, Mrs. Harriet A 1404 Hess, Henry L 1461 Hess, Isaiah F 1440 Hess, John (Salisbury) 1404 Hoss, John (Strasiburg) 1051 Hess., John L 989 Hess, John W., M. D 532 Hess, Rev. Jonas H 666 Hess, Miss Mame B 1462 Hess, Martin G 863 Hess, Noah G 1053 Hess, Noah Z 804 Hess,, Mrs. Sarah A 533 Hess, Mts. Sarah J 195 Hess, William G., M. D 1462 Ifibshman Family 735 Hibshmian, George 73S Hickey, John W 1295 Hicks, George W 1502 Hitstand Family 683 Hie^Btand, Simon H 683 Hiester, Isaac E 147 Higbee; Elnathan E., D. D. LL. .D 96 High, Mrs. Catherine A 700 High, Samuel S 700 Hildebrand, Isaac H 1413 Hildebrand, Isaac N 942 Hildebrand, Jacob 634 Hiller, Casper 197 Hilton, C. H 839 Himes, Miss Anna C 676 Himes, Clinton 684 Himes, Re«s C 676 Hinkle, Mrs. Anna 431 Hinkle, Calvin G ion Hinkle, Charles H 517 Hinkle Family 518 Hinkle, Harry M 998 Hinkle, Joseph 431, 951 Hippey, George 379 Hippie, Charles P 1271 Hirsh, Abraham 822 Hirsh, Benjamin W 861 Hirsh, Leopold 822 Hirst, Elder Thomas R 1241 Hoak, Amos D 1433 Hoak, Mrs. Caroline 1433 Hoar, William C. 621 Hocking, John 953 Hoefel, Mrs. Elizabeth 775 Hoefel, Frederick 775 Hoffer Family 590 Hoffer, Elder Henry B 1108 Hoffer, Jacob R 590 Hoffer, Tobias 397 Hoffman, Abraham L 409 Hoffman, Amos H 749 Hoffman, Benjamin 408 Hoffman, Benjamin F 410 Hoffman, Christ S 487 Hoffman, Clayton R 411 Hoffman Families 409j 1156 Hoffman, Henry 1160 Hoffman, Henry B 1061 Hoffman, Isaac W 1156 Hoffman, Michael M 409 Hoffman, Michael R 409 Hoffman, Niorman R 411 Hoffman, Paris R 408 Hoffman, Peter S 1274 Hoffmeier, Charles S 897 Hoffmeier, George K 896 Hogg Family 661 Hogg, Squire William H 661 Hpibein, Mirs. Elizabeth 1363 Hohein, Osoar 1363 Hoke, Joseph A 1449 Hollinger, Amos 344 Holman, John W 1453 . Homsher Family 1181 Homsher, Franklin 1466 Homsher, John 1 181 Hood, John D 927 Hood, Thomas S 940 Hook, John A 323 Hook, John F 1286 Hook, John H 1269 Hook, John H. (Lancaster) . . . 746 Hook, Mrs. Mary A 324 Hookey, Benjamin F 644 Hoopes, Maris 1262 Hoover, Mrs. A. Lizzie 1284 Hoover, Christian H 1040 Hoover, John S 1284 Hopkins Family 870 Hopkins, William 870 Horning, John 448 Horst, Rev. Abraham 159 Horst. David S 517 Horst, John C. S 279 Horst, Mrs. Louisa 279 Hoster, Charles J 1523 Hostetter, Abraham F 167 Hostetter, Amaziah H 866 Hostetter, Christian F 757 Hostetter, Emanuel F 502 Hostetter, Emanuel P 1094 Hostetter Family 7S7 Hostetter, Henry F 530 Hostetter, John 502 Hostetter, Jonas E 998 Hostetter, Tillman N 998 Hottenstein, Henry S 1027 Hougendobler, Amos R 130 Hougendobler, John J 1407 Houser, Henry M 1337 Houser, John E 134S Houston, Joseph W., M. D 244 Houston, Robert J 240 Howard, Mrs. Barbara 1376 Ho'well, Msijor Charles M 20 Howett, H. G 1414 Howry, Walter C 1109 Huber, Aaron 1439 Htiber, Amos 559 Huber, Abraham B 1481 Huber, Christian 651 Huber, Christian B 1318 Huber, David 730 Huber, David A 835 Huber, David B 670 Huber, David H 1300 Huber, David H. (Martic) 1170 Huber Families 57i. 730, 1040 Huber, H. C 884 Huber, Henry 284 Huber, J. Miilton S7i Huber, Jonas 57° Huber, Levi B 925 Huber, Martin 790 PAGE Huber, Samuel M' i486 Hufman Family in Hull Family 82 Hull, George W 81 Humble, William F 271 Hunter, James 1483 Hunsecker, Ellis E 890 Hupper, Albert 1210 Hurst, Matthias S 4Si Hurst, Michael W., M. D 1353 Husson, Harry K 1274 Ilyus, A. C 1179 Immel, Henry S 744 Ingram, William J 1088 Irwin Family 243 Irwin, John E 1315 Irwin, Lewis W 1437 Irwin, Plank 643 Irwin, Samuel 1262 Irwin, Thaddeus S., M. D 243 Jackson, Andrew 1002 Jackson, David W 1392 Jackson, John 873 Jackson, John K 394 Jackson, Joseph 1474 Jackson, Newton 1460 Jackson, William L 11 12 Jacoby, Harry S 419 Jacoby, Peter 419 Jacoby, Reuben E 419 Jamison, J. A 1477 Jamison, Joseph G 1034 Jenks, James M 390 Johnson, Arthur A 1016 Johnson, Cyrus 957 Johnson, John 1487 Johnson, John E 1463 Johnson, Kirk 928 Johnson, Mrs. Margaret H.... 1016 JoneSi Stephen 1 162 Kaegel, Henry H 966 Kahl, MSss Sarah L 814 Kahl. William 813 Kauffman, Abraham B 1025 Kauffman, Amos G 1524 Kauffman, Mrs. Barbara 464 Kauffman, Benjamin B 1523 Kauffman, Benjamin C 1124 Kauffman, Hon. Christian C. . . 256 Kauft'man, Christian H 1334 Kauffman, Christian H. (de- ceased) 463 Kauffman Families 256, 1123 Kauffman, Mrs. Fanny H 474 Kauffman, Henry M 1124 Kauffman, Rev. Hiram G 1139 Kauffman, Isaac 1334 Kauffman, Isaac H 474 Kauffman, John H 442 Kauffman, John M 1281 Kauffman, Mrs. Mlartha 1281 Kauffman, Michael Mi 1375 Kauffman, Reuben G 1320 Kauffman, Samuel L 469 Kaaiffman, Winfield S 1089 Kaufhold, Joseph G 801 Kaul, Very Rev. Anthony F., V. F 616 Kautz, Jacob F 1187 xu INDEX Kautz, Mrs. Maria M 232 Kautz, William S 232 Kaylor, John H 466 Keen, Adam 1406 Keen, Albert M 965 Keen Family 1406 Keener, Clayton F 858 Keener, Henry 864 Kehler, Henry N 630 Keller, Charles B 1210 Keller Families 882, 1210 Keller, Jacob B 882 Keller, Jacob K 1314 Keller, John A 1211 Keller Thomas H 854 Keller, William H 1219 Kelley, Jacob iioo Kelly, James 1489 Kelly, Michael 1488 Kemmerly, John 1279 Kemper Family 1050 Kemper, George A 1050 Kemrer Family 983 Kemrer, Phares D 983 Kendig, Mrs. Annie 609 Kendig, Miss B. Alice 706 Kendig, Christian H 609 Kendig, Miss Elizabeth M 837 Kendig, Miss Fannie 443 Kendig, Henry 443 Kendig, Jacob 1228 Kendig, John 706 Kendig, Martin D 360 Kendig, Willis G., Esq 842 Keneagy, Samuel, M. D 71 Kennedy, Horace E iigo Kennedy, William' H 915 Kent, Miahlon B 697 Kepler, Aaron C 146 Kerner, John 1481 Kerner, Joseph B 878 Kershner, Dr. Jefferson E. . . . 165 Kessler, Amos 302 Kesskr, John 1 1 14 Keylor Family 513 Keylor, F. S 262 Keylor, Henry S 261 Keylor, Milton 513 Keys, James J 1077 Kieffer Family 74 Kieffer, John B., Ph. D 74 Kinard, John W 70S Kindig, Christian, Jr 737 King Family 1 167 King, Mrs. Rebecca D 1202 King, William 1202 King, William D 806 King, Williami W 1262 Kinzer, B. F 355 Kinzer, George W 1432 Kinzer, Mrs. Louisa A 1432 Kinzer, William W 1432 Kinzler Miss Elizabeth 334 Kinzler, Frederick 334 Kirk, Family 74 Kirk, Lewis J 74 Kisiner, Theodore 979 Klaus, John 378 Klau.s, Mrs. Katherine 378 Kline, Abram 594 Kline, Charles R 398 Kline, Henry H 1232 Kline, John H. (Columbia).. 1299 PAGB Kline, John H. (Lancaster) .... 1345 Kline, J. Y., M. D 1463 Klittg, Isaiah M 1167 Klugh, Horace H 1168 Knapp, Joseph 1252 Knobb, George~L 1138 Knox, Rev. Charles T 862 Knox, David S 782 Knox, Edward J 782 Knox, Robert J 1137 Knox, Robert S 561 Kofroth, P. B 1218 Kehler, Rev. John 1385 Kohler, Mrs. Louisa A 1385 Kohr, Jacob D 821 Kohr, John 54 Kohr, Bishop John 54 Konigmacher Family 424 Konigmacher, Jacob 424 Koser, Samuel B., M, D 744 Krantz, John H 1008 Kray, Andrew 338 Kready, Edgar B 856 Kready, Jacob B 287 Kready, John E 287 Kready, Miss Mary 287 Kreckel, Edward 415 Kreider, Andrew H 1051 Kreider, Benjamin R 32 Kreider, Charles D 626 Kreider, Christian 443 Kreider, David L 1329 Kreider, Eli L 778 Kreider Families 778, 1291 Kreider, Franklin N 1369 Kreider, George 407 Kreider, John 490 Kreider, John H 1291 Kreider, Tobias R 1328 Kreiter, Diavid H 1428 Kreiter Family 723 Kreiter, Jacob C 723 Kreiter, John S., M. D 769 Krodel, Peter A iiii Kurtz, Daniel 348 Kurtz. David W 723 Kurtz Families 348, 1029, 1032 Kurtz, George 816 Kurtz, Henry K 1244 Kurtz, John G 1043 Kurtz, John S 330 Kurtz, Joseph 1032 Kurtz, L. Scott 1029 Kurtz, Mrs. Maria H 724 Kurtz Martin 349 Kurtz, Mrs. Susan 1137 Lamborn Family 610 Lamborn, George S 610 Lamparter, Eberhart J 915 Lamparter, Jacob J 941 lamparter. Miss Pauline 528 Landau, Mrs. Barbara E 310 Landau, John 310 Landes, Levi 1052 Landis, Aaron B 1171 Landis, Adam 1514 Landis, Amos N 1009 Landis, Benjamin B 337 Landis, Benjamin F 763 Landis, Benjamin L 1150 Landis, Hon. Charles 1 183 Landisi, Christian N 1061 PAGE Landis, Clayton G 1358 Landis, David B 1357 Landis, David Bachman 233 Landis, David H 1212 Landis, David N 891 Landis, Eli L 1155 Landis Families. 233, 452, 1186, 1288 Landis, Henry B 1 147 Landis, H. Reisit 454 Landis, Jacob L 538 Landis, John B 356 Landis, Rev. John B 137, 748 Landis, John F 864 Landis, John R 1288 Landis, Lemon S 1098 Landis, Levi L 1 187 Landis, Phares K 935 Landis, Rev. Sanford B 874 Landis, Solon Z 1355 Lane, George A 897 Lanie, Samuel E 49^ Lantz, Mrs. Maria 472 Lantz, Samuel W 471 Latta, Rev. James 83 Law, James 604 Layman, David R 1279 Learaan, Abraham L 936 Leaman, Amos 959 Leaman, B. Frank. . . ., 1259 Leaman, David 1036 Leaman, Henry 603 Leaman, John 886 Leaman, John L 886 Leaman, Reuben B 604 Leaman.. Tobias 1053 Lebzelter, Philip 524 Leech, John F 586 Lefever, Abram A 1253 Lefever, Adam 450 Lefever, Christian 337 Lefever, David 780 Lefever Families 477, 780 Lefever, Frank K 1305 Lefever, George 477 Lefever, George N 1503 Lefever, Harry R 1275 Lefever, Henry K 450 Lefever, Jacob 1336 Lefever, John 1342 Lefever, John H 251 Lefever, Martin 1304 LeFevre, Acton A 860 Lefevre, John S 1240 Lehman, Amos N 1448 Lehman Family 777 Lehman, Henry C 223 Lehman, John N 777 Lehman, Mrs. Mary L 223 Leibley, George 903 Leisey, James C 1058 Leman Brothers 1377 Leman, Herbert D 1377 Leman, Reuben J 1377 Lennox, F. M 1506 Lesher, Pierce 62a Le Tort, Jacques 71 Levan, Edgar H 937 Levan Family 937 Levan, George 789 Levan, Landis 789 Levenite, David B 140S Levergood, John, M. D 694 Levergood, Mrs. M. Louisa 694 INDEX xm PAGE Lewis, Judge Ellis 14 Lightner Family 1475 Lightner, James N 1475 LiUer, William C 869 Lindemuth, Mrs. Elizabeth.... 380 Lindeniuth, Martin Z 380 Linden Hall Seminary 625 Line, John 1410 Lineaweaver, Mrs. Jane S 363 Linea'weaver, John K., M. D. .. 361 Lingerfield, Mrs^ Adaline B.... 1397 Lingerfield, Cyrus 1396 Lintncr, Daniel H 1494 Linton, Robert C 766 Lipp, Christian C 1025 Lipp Family 1025 Livingston, Hon. John B., LL. D. i Locher, Charles A 911 Locher, CliJirles H 132 Locher Family 132 Locher, Mrs. Margaret 912 Locher, Robert E 428 Lockard, Bayard T 1335 Lockard, Hiram C 1252 Loder, Joseph 1247 Long, Adam B 916 Long, Benjamin K 647 Long Families 647, 957, 980 Long, Judge Henry G 14 Long, Jacob B 411 Long, James M 1037 Long, John F 412 Long, Joseph H 1507 Long, Joseph J 980 Long, J. Robert 957 Longenecker, Addison B 57s Longenecker, Christ G 794 Longenecker, Isaac S 1468 Lucas, William H 1265 Lutz, Aaron R 1208 Lutz Family 1048 Lutz, Harvey B 1048 Lutz, John H 959 Lyie, George L SS6 Lynch Family 1 105 Lynch, James A 1 105 Lyte, Eliphalet O., A. M., Ph. D. 35 McAnall, Robert 1280 McBride, John G 1490 McCall, William H 1273 McCanna, Henry F 787 McCarter, Henry G 250 McCaskey, Capt, Edward W. . . 288 McCaskey Family 116 MbCaskey, John 116 McCaskey, John P .'. 117 McCaskey, Joseph B., D. D. S. 75 1 McCaskey, Walter B 127 McCaskey, Col. William S 122 McClain, Hon. Francis B 1086 McClure, David 298 McClure Family 298 McClure, Mrs. Mary J 34S McClure, Samuel 345 McCommon, Joseph mo McCommon, Miss Maggie E. . iiio McComsey Family 366 McConnell, Jacob C, M. D 643 MicCoy, James F 1330 MtDonald, Abraham K 1475 McDonaW, Joseph R 1475 'McElbany Family 1144 McElhany, John W ii43 McElligott, Dr. Thomas F 1416 McElwain, Miss Ella R 306 McElwain, Miss M. Amanda... 306 McElwain, William 306 MicEvoy, Patrick 62 McFalls, Mrs. Susan 1078 McFalls, William H 1078 McGinness, George B 846 MicGinnis, John W 1417 MicGlaughlin, Joseph H 920 McGowan, Mrs. Annie E 687 MicGowan Family . .'. 687 McGowan, John 687 McGrann, Bernard J 346 McGrann, Richard .' 346 McHose, Clarence N 1228 Mcllvaine Family 685 McLane, Breneman S 255 McLaughlin, J. F I49S MtManamy, Mrs. Bridget 1429 McManamy, Jolui' 1429 McManus, James R 1287 McManus, Owen 1479 McMellen, Capt. Elias 138 McMichael, James M 1238 McMichael, Thomas L 1333 McMullen, Hon. David 651 McNeal, Samuel 719 McSparran, Edgar L 1099 McSparran Family 1099 McSparran, James G 871 McSparran, James M 1491 McSparran, Thomas F 792 Mable, John 828 Mable, William 828 M'ack, Patrick J 1310 Magee, David F 738 Malone Family 1339 Malone, John E i339 Manlick, Frederick 1257 Manlick, Jacob F 1256 Mann Family 641 Mann, Jacob K I3S6 Mann, Simon S., M. D 641 Manning, Albert A 910 Manning Family 91° Manning, George K 113S Manning, Harry N 910 Manuel. Israel 1096 Markley, Benjamin F 979 Markley, J. Monroe 1116 Marsh, James P 731 Marsh, Thomas J 398 Miarshall, Charles L 767 Marshall, James H 1326 Marshall, William 767 Martin, Abner H 1007 Martin, Adam 1217 Martin, Abraham W 1493 Martin, Barton B 221 Martin, Benjamin S 973 'Martin, Benjamin F i4S6 Martin, Christian 1203 Martin, David H ii49 Martin, David H. (Elizabeth- town) 1479 Martin, David S 1216 Martin, E. K 220 Martin Families 220, 1479 Martin, Henry N 988 Martin, Isaac 1063 Martin, Isaac G 1063 Martin, Mrs. Joanna 507 Martin, John C 221 Miartin, John N 1425 Martin, John P 1363 Martin, Menno B 1007 Martin, Peter 171 Mfeirtin, Samuel 521 Martin, Samuel D 1007 Martin, William S 506 M'atz, Carl 280 MJaule, J. Comly 461 Maule, Mrs. S. Emma 461 Maurer, George M 519 Mlaxwell, Miss Ellen E 693 Maxwell, Hugh 33 Maxwell, William 693 May, Frederick 147 May, Samuel C 1220 May, Tobias H 147 Mayer, David E 479 Mayer, Henry M 532 Mayer, Israel P 733 Mayling, George A 366 Mayling, Mrs. Rebecca M 366 Mearig, William M 927 Meek, John 589 Meek. Philip 573 Meckley, Abraham H 739 Meckley, David C 489 Meckley, Isaac 489 Mfeckley, Jacob B 650 Mieckley, Jacob H 519 Meginness, John F 112 Mehl, William 838 Meister, Rev. Emil 476 M'ellinger, Clayton S 1207 Mellinger. Daniel H 1162 Mellinger, David F 286 Mellinger, David H 436 Mellinger, David H. (1832) 1463 Mellinger Families 436, 1207 Mellinger, Henry S 232 Mellinger, Henry S., M. D 436 Mellinger, Jacob 564 Menaugh, John H 1434 Meshey, Peter G 1225 Metz, Thornton B 1285 Metzger Family 164 Metzger, Henry S 164 Metzger, Philip A 920 Metzler, Abraham 1130 Metzler Family 1 130 Metzler, John H 1289 Metzroth, Mrs. Amelie 1443 Metzroth, Martin 1442 Meyers, David H 1061 Michael, Frank 887 Miesse, D. Walter 1477 Mifflin, James DeV 1082 Miller, Amos B., M. D 1356 Miller, Aaron W 1285 Miller, Mrs. Bai'bara 1031 Miller, Benjamin P 832 Miller, Christian B ; . . 885 Miller, David L 592 Miller, Mrs. Elizabeth 1435 Miller, Franklin P. D 301 Miller, George H , . 1298 Miller, Henry C 73;? Miller, Henry E S85- Miller, Mrs. Hettie E 1399 Miller, Dr. Israel A 1152 Miller, John 175 XIV INDEX Miller, John (1811) 1435 Miller, John L 1030 Miller, John S 400 Miller, Joseph 1067 Miller, Joseph (East Donegal) . 396 Miller, Joseph E 1268 Miller; Martin 59° Miller, Martin L 878 Miller, Milton N 1232 Miller, Oliver B 1084 Miller, Samuel 1398 Miller, Samuel K 1020 Miller, S. Clay : 80 Miller, Wesley 1039 Milleysack, Jphn B 1125 Minich, Mrs. Anna C 224 M'inich, Benjamin F 951 Minich, Charles W 1244 Minich, Henry G 223 . Minich, Jacob A 1243 Minnich, John L 1075 Minnich, Jonas L 104S Minnich, Simon B '. . . . 1344 Missener, J. R 684 Mitchell, James, M. D 392 Mitchell, Rev. James Y., D. D. 391 Moderwell, S. P 961 Mioench, Charles L 843 Mo'bler, David K 1004 Mohler, Levi 829 Montgomery, Caleb E 78 Montgomery, James 441 Montgomery, Prof. John V. . . . 78 Montgomery, Washington 141S Moore, Mrs. Anna E 28 Moore Family 809 Mtoore, Harry H 1378 Moore, John 183 Moore, Dr. John G 27 Moore, John H 270 Mioore, Michael H 432 Moore, Dr. Mordecai M 27 Moore, Phares S S29 M'oore, William B ' 809 Moiore, Prof. William W., A. M. 1341 Morison, George A 1424 Morrison, Alexander K 510 Morrison, Robert A 1384 Mowery Family 239 Mowery, Henry A., M. D 239 Mowrer, Amos S 635 Mowrer, David W 948 Mowrer Family 948 Moyer, David L 1048 Moyer, John G 893 Mueller, John P 1079 Muhlenberg, Frederick A 72 Muhlenberg, Dr. G. Henry E. . 72 Muhlenberg, Henry E., M. D. . 72 , Mumma, Christian N 1418 Mumma, Frank Ni 278 Mumma, Jacob S 526 Murr, Mrs. Catharine ,. . 642 Murr, Isaac 642 Murray, Lindley 81 Musselm'an, Christian 156 Musselman, Harry 1481 Musselman, Jacob 485 Musselman, John 187 Musselman!, Weaver 1023 Musser, Andrew J 90 Musser, Benjamin G 401 Musser, B. Frank 868 PAGE Musser, Mrs. Caroline 163 Musser, Daniel 793 Musser, Eli M 654 Musser Families 90, 250, 814, 868 Musser, Harry E 1465 Musser, Henry E., M. D 814 Musser, Henry S 1373 Musser, Henry S. (East Done- gal) 1263 Musser, Isaiah N 401 Musser, J. Henry, M. D 250 Musser, John N 955 Musser, Mrs. M|ary 654 Musser, Michael B 654 Musser, Milton B., M. D 163 Musser, Miss Susan S 1162 ' Myer, Miss Anna 862 Myer, Miss Elizabeth 383 Myer Family 862 Myer, Samuel R 382 Myers, Abraham 898 Myers, Christian 1444 Myers, Christian H 1348 Myers, David 507 Myers, David B 689 Myers, Elam S 939 Myers, Mrs. Ella 1444 Myers Families 898, 1 181 Myers, Henry 222 Myers, Jacob R , 1181 Myers, John B 1069 Mjyers, John H 1235 Myers, Mrs. Mary H 689 Myers, Michael B 1447 Myers, Michael G 1447 Myers, Reuben J 74S Myers, Samuel M 504 Mylin, Aldus C 858 Mylin, Hon. Amos H 1401 Mylin, EU K 1467 Mylin, Frank , 1432 Mylin, John B iiis Mylin, Martin K 369 Mylin, Samuel M 401 Nagel, Rev. Charles 466 Nagle Family 1412 Nagle, Henry 1411 Nauman, Mrs. Annie R 761 Nauman, George 91 Nauman, John 92 Nauman, John S 761 Neff, Aldus F 866 Neff, Benjamin H I43S Neff, Daniel S 919 Neff, Emanuel 467 Neff. Levi B 1425 Nevin, John W., D. D 143 Newcomer, Abraham 335 Newcomer, Amos W 339 Newcomer, Christian K 1222 Newcomer, Mrs. Elizabeth M. . 1222 Newcomer, Ezra W., V. M. D. . 1107 Newcomer, Jacob B 1392 Newcomer, Rev. Jacob K 756 Newcomer, Jacob N 339 Newcomer, Joseph K 503 Newell, Charles F 1360 Nislev, Daniel B I3S3 Nissley, Eli L 74i Nissley, Mrs. Elizabeth 39.=; Nissley, Gabriel E 1478 Nissley, Harvey B 1374 PAGE Nissley, Henry B 536 Nissley, Hiram H 1209 Nissley, Peter B 395 Nissley, Peter R 1 148 Nissly, B. H 1303 Nissly Family 638 Nissly, Mrs. Joseph B 235 Nissly, Joseph B 234 Nissly, Levi W 1266 Nissly, Samuel 528, 638 Noble, Mrs. Martha L 1249 Noble, William M 1249 Nolt, Jonas H S97 Nolt, Rev. Reuben S 1030 North, Hugh M 32 Ober, Andrew C 1494 Ober, Henry K 1370 Ober, Henry R 1176 Ober, Michael R 1370 Oberholtzer, Christian B 1006 Oberholtzer, Chri'stian H 447 Oberholtzer, Jacob B '. . . . 991 Oberholtzer, Samuel L 926 Oberlin Family 994 Oberlin, Howard L 994 Oberlin, W. Shelley 994 Oldweiler, Cyrus 1361 Olmsted, John 1467 Oster, William M 1517 Ostertag, John H ll6o Overdeer, E. Silas 119S Owen, Benjamin 673 Owen, Eliza 673 Owen, Mrs. Elizabeth L 988 Owen Family 672 Owen, George B 672 Owen, Mary B 673 Parke, Alexander G. B., M. D. . 195 Parthemer, John H 645 Patterson, Alexander 627 Patterson, Bordley S 481 Patterson, Mrs. Elizabeth 627 Patterson Families 326, 481 Patterson, James A 163 Patterson, James S 326 Patterson, Miss Mary W 163 Patton, Abraham 1224 Patton, David K 844 Patton, Henry 338 Paules, David L 602 Paules Family 1366 Paules, Granville W 1365 Paules, W. Percy 1255 Paxson, Samuel P 1466 Paxson',v Rev. William, D. D. . . 167 Pelen, Abraham 1312 Pennell, Frank G 582 Pennell, John J 1422 Penny Family 491 Penny, John D 1019 Penny, Joseph 491 Penny. William C 691 Pennypacker, John 1052 Penrose, Israel 1070 Penrose, Lukins 534 Peoples, Abner 637 Peoples. Hon. -Hiram 755 Perry, John C 1423 Pf aeffle, Louis H 1229 Pfahler, Henry 1192 Pfahler, Jacob C 811 INDEX XV PAGE Pf autz, Ezra 728 Pfautz, Matilda R 729 Phalm, M. H 1464 Phenegar, Isaac 574 Pbillip, John W 1438 Phillip, Mrs. Mary L 1438 Phillips Family 1441 Phillips, Hemy 1441 Pickel, Ellis 854 Pickel, Jacob 729 Pickel, Jacob K 1410 Plank, Edward H., M. D 294 Poisal, David W. E 1354 Porter, Thomas 196 Powdeni, Abraham H 592 Powl, Eli B 480 Pownall, Benjamin H 1424 Pownall Families 318, 1424 Pownall, Henry 317 Pownall, Henry (1857) 382 Pownall, Joseph D. C 693 Pownall, Mrs. Louissa S 318, 382 Pownall, Phebe ' 318 Prangley, James, Jr 853 Prizer, Elmer T., M. D 884 Pugh, Samuel J 1175 Pugh, William T 1351 Purple, Mirs. Margaret A 359 Purple, Silas H 399 Pusey Family 299 Pusey, William P 299 Quade, Frederick 327 Quay, Hon. Matthew S 2 Ranck, Adam M 1492 Ranck, Daniel E 1447 Ranck, David W 447 Ranck Families 447, 1403 Ranck, George H 1403 Ranck, Rev. Jacob D 166 Ranck, Jacob L 697 Ranck, John D 1426 Ranck, Rev. John K 165 Ranck, John M 1459 Ranck, Samuel W 1106 Rankin, Joseph G 934 Ranjsing, Henry E 1129 Ransing, Capt. Henry.... 1129 Ransing, Mrs. Rose 1129 Rathfon, Jacob 188 Rathfon, John E 665 Rathvon, Simon S., Ph. D 139 Raub, G. J. P 833 Raub, John P. Mi 950 Rauch. Lewis A 425 Rea, Philip D 813 Ream, George U 1466 Ream, William W 1308 Redsecker Family 216 Redsecker, George 314 Redsecker, John C 314 Reed, George K 224 Reed, G. Harry 1071 Reed, J. Frank 331 Reed, John F 292 Reed, Mansell 672 Reed, Mrs. Mary 22S Reel, Elam 1268 Reel, Whitell L. 271 Reemsnyder, Byron J., M!. D... 1421 Reemsnyder Family 1421 Reese, Abram 987 PAGE Reese, 'Christian G 941 Reese Family 1390 Reese, Harry G 1477 Reese, Samson D 1390 Reeser, Peter 892 Reeser, Plank 713 Reich, Mrs;. Ella C 201 Reich, George R., M. D 1316 Reich, George W., M. D 201 Reichenbach, John C. W 183 Reiling, Charles M 1230 Reilly, Edward D 253, 336 Reilly, James B 1374 Reilly, John 252 Reilly, Michael 1365 Reilly, Richard M' 252 Reilly, T. Wallace 253 Reinhart, George W 1256 Reinhart, John ' 1256 Reinhart, Levi 1387 Reinhold, Edwin B 393 Reinhold, Edwin L 392 Reinoehl, Major Adam C 157 Reisinger, Adam J 1302 Reist, Aaron E 762 Reist, Elias E 190 Reist Family 512 Reist, Levi S 189 Reist, Lineas R 1276 Reist, Peter 1276 Reitzel. Edward B 1233 Reitzel, Elias 1205 Reitzel, Ephraim H., Sr 807 Reitzel Family 120S Rem'sburg, Ointon E 1039 Resh, Emanuel M 1131 Resh Family 572 Resh, Henry B 573 Resh, Mrs. Susanna 573 Ressell, John 1469 Resisler, C. M 439 Ressler, Henry 750 Retheiser. Daniel '. 838 Rettew, Amos M 1037 Rettew, Samuel 1481 Rettew, Willis M 1480 Retzer, James I4S9 Reynolds Family 340 Reynolds, George N 340 Reynolds, James L 261 Reynolds, John 261 Reynolds, Gen. John F 261 Reynolds, Samuel H 192 Reynolds., Admiral William 261 Rhoads, Abraham S 761 Rhoads, Henry Z 320 Rhoads, Levi S 784 Rice, Joseph S 1063 Rice, William R 1417 Rich Family 198 Ricke'r, Frederick A 1020 Ricksecker Family I77 Ricksecker, Levi 177 Riddle, William 296 Rider, Jacob D 1215 Rieker, Frank A 1033 Rieker, Mrs. Katharine M, 1238 Rinier Family 1439 Rinier. Henry 1439 Risk Family 1202 Risk, Robert B 663 Risk, William R 1202 Risser, Mrs. Amanda 1 147 PAGE Risser, Amos L 987 Risser, Joseph N 1034 Risser, Joseph S 467 Risser, Levi 1146 Ritchie, E. R 1469 Roath, Hon. Emanuel D 673 Roath, George H 783 Robinson, Mrs. Annie J 1309 Robinson Family 1309 Robinson, George M 1126 Robinson, John W 1309 Rochow, Charles 831 Rochow, Ernest 1 106 Rochow Family 831 Rodgers, Augustus 1286 Rodkey, Mirs. Amelia M 318, 1130 Rodkey, John 1 130 Roebuck, Peter J., M. D 113 Rogers, William R looi Rohr, George 283 Rohrer, Abram K 839 Rohrer, Amos K 1473 Rohrer, Christian 493 Rohrer, Christian H 1426 Rohrer, David B 1463 Rohrer Family 213 Rohrer, George R., M. D 213 Rohrer, Henry D 839 Rohrer, Henry 'S 493 Rohrer, Isaac F 1468 Rohrer, Jacob 470 Rohrer, Jacob H 1330 Rohrer, John K 1146 Rohrer, John L 196 Rohrer, John S 1231 Rohrer, Milton S 1377 Rohrer, T. M., M. D 1038 Rohrer, Wayne B 938 Roland, Cornelius F 34 Roland, Miss Elizabeth J 628 Roland, George 627 Roland, Henry A 333 Roland, Mrs. Jane W 334 Roland, John 618 Roland, Hon. Jonathan H 628 Romig, S. P 1272 Roop, Harry B., M. D 849 Root, Abraham W 1012 Root Family 1012 Root, Samuel N 717 Rosenmiller, Hon. David P 1199 Rosenmiller, Miss Rebecca 1199 Rosenstein, Albert 728 Ross, George 189 Rost, George 1433 Rote, Andrew B 1107 Rote, Henry 1333 Rotehorn, Frank 1310 Rowe, C. S 844 Royer, Abraham 429 Royer, Cyrus 1497 Royer, Jacob W., M. D 430, 988 Royer, Joseph R 848 Ruby, Harry K 746 Rudy, Christian 918 Rudy, David B 1277 Ruhl, Harry H 1017 Rupp, Benjamin S 1360 Rupp, Prof. Isaac D 149 Rupp, Joseph 1364 Rupp, Rev. William., A. M., D. D 82 Russel, John R 313 XVI INDEX PAGE Russell, Michael F 1198 Ruth Family 1412 Ruth, John F 151S Ruth, William D 1412 Rutherford, Albert C 1196 Rutherford, John D SS4 Rutt, Samuel M 1458 Rutter, Amos 704 Rutter Families 195, 370, 704 Rutter, Henry S 59i Rutter, John M 370 Rynear, Charles 593 Rynear, Mrs. Rachel M 594 Sample, Dr. Nathaniel W 151 Sample, Samuel R., M. D 151 Samuels', Charles A 1349 Sander, Henry .' 754 Sander, Henry M '. 755 Sandoe, George 1270 Sapp, William C 1381 Sauder, Jacob M 1024 Sauder, Rev. John M 1229 Saud«r, Peter H 562 Saylor, Benjamin F 1157 Schaeffer, Emanuel 694 Schaeffer, M'. G 724 Schaibley, Michael 1094 Scheetz, Abram 350 Schenck Family 1127 Schenck, John H 1127 Schlegelniilch, Frank X 11 17 Schleich, George H 1369 Schleich, John 1369 Schlott, William 1003 Schnader Family 692 Schnader, Reuben K 691 Schneider (or Snader) Family. 109 Schneitman, William B 821 Schock Families 626, 1028 Schock, John 626 Schock, John (Manor) 102S Schofield. Mrs. Mary M 1322 Schroeder, Francis I44 Schroeder, Mrs. Katherine B... 144 Schroyer Family 460 Schroyer, Henry A 460 Schuberth, Charles G 608 Scott, Mrs. Edith R 350 Scott, Jesse 542 Scott, John 542 Scott, Miss Mary H 350 Scott, N. Davis 350 Scott, Robert A 759 Scott, Winfield 1242 Seabold, John 1217 Seachrist. Jacob S II47 Seiple, Harvey 358 Seiple, John 358 Seitz, Charles C 416 .Seitz, Christian 394 Seitz, Jacob C 725 Seitz, Jacob G 725 Seitz, John C 707 Seldomridge, Aldus M 1451 Seldomridge, George 163, 1451 Seldomridge, Jeremiah 486 Seldomridge, Robert C , . . 1338 Seldomridge, Samuel M . .' 364 Seldomridge, Mrs. Sarah A.... 164 Seltzer, William K 61 Sener Family 200 Sener, J. Frederick 200 PAGE Sener, Levi 1076 Senger, John B 981 Sensenich, Franklin W 1063 Sensenig, George R 468 Shafer, Adam S 1148 Shaftner, Casper 85 Shand, James 228 Shank, Aaron H 523 Shank, Jacob I399 Shank, Jonas E 919 Shank, Park B 1166 Sharp, Samuel L 1481 Shaub, Abraham .. .• 1491 Shaub, Prof. Benjamin F 335 Shaub, Ephraim H 843 Shaub Family 1143 Shaubach, Amos 771 Shauhach, Martin 1378 Shaubach, Reuben 739 Shaw, Emmor 1234 Sheaffer, Amos A 895 Sheaffer, Diller S 632 Sheaffer, Enos D 1015 Sheaif er, Martin D 632 Sheaffer, Mlartin R 518 Sheaffer, Peter F., M. D 1255 Shec Family 711 Shee, Parke E 711 Sheetz, Rev. Amos M 971 Sheibly, Abram, Jr 352 Sheibly, Abram G 35i Sheibly Family 633 Shellenberger, Andrew R 792 , Shellenberger Family 1207 Shelley, Samuel A 823 Shelly, Amos 851 Shelly, Emanuel 906 Shelly, Samuel S 857 Sbenberger, Mrs. Anna J. B 1094 Sbeniberger, John 1093 Shenck, Albert F 154 Sbenck, Henry C 872 Shenck, Jacob K 1468 Shenk, Abraham M 1446 Shenk, Abram L 380 Shenk, Benj amin M 922 ' Shenk, Christian L 445 Shenk, Christian K 795 Shenk Families 794, 922 Shenk, Henry K 794 Shenk, Oliver H 939 Sberer, Joseph 95 Sherk, Christian G 387 Shero, Rev. William F., A. M. . 818 Sherts, John J 1097 Shertzer, Benjamin 381 Shertzer, Benjamin F 382 Shetrone, David 329 Shetrone, Mts. Mary M 329 Shillott, Frank 768 Shillow, George A 963 Shindle, Michael G 671 Shindle, Peter 236 Shippen, Edward 93 ' Shi reman Mrs. Martha 636 Shirk, Emanuel R 600 Shirk, L. W 1282 Shissler, Simon 901 Shnavely, Henry 446 Shoemaker, Abram 1013 Shoemaker, Leander 985 ShoemakeT, William L 806 Shoff, Frederic 568 PAGE Shoflf. Christian 568 Shomier, J. Edward 943 Shookers, Tobias S 242 Showaker, John W S06 Shreiner, Qiarles E 803 Shreiner, Henry M 754 Shreiner, Martin 754 SliTom, Andrew F 785 Shue, Ephraim W 1206 Shuemaker, Christian 423 Shultz, Benjamin K 1411 Shultz, John M 1321 Shultz, Joseph K 1428 Shultz, Levi 900 Shultz, Milton K 378 Shuman, Michael S 1070 Sides, B. F., M. D 83 Siebold, Julius P 815 Siegler, Mrs. Helen P 1244 Siegler, Lewis F., M. D 785 Siegler, Nicholas S 1244 Sigle, Mrs. Barbara 907 Sigle, Thomas E 906 Simon, Joseph 90 Siple, George E 956 Skiles, John D 52 SI jck, Harry B 566 Slaymaker, Amos 52 Slaymaker Families 50, 93; 882 Slaymaker, Henry E 93 Slaymaker, J. Martin, M. D 881 Slaymaker, Peter E 202 Sload, John i473 Slokom Family 721 Slokom, Isaac W 721 Slough, Col. Matthias 15 Smith, Amos P SSO Smith, Mrs. Christiana C 397 Smith, Charles H 624 Smith, Eugene G 293 Smith, Filbert .- ■ ■ 692 Smith, George 1163 Smith, George J 396 Smith, Gerritt 1215 Smith, Gideon H 263 Smith, Gilbert 929 Smith, Mrs. Grace C S96 Smith, Rev. Henry R S9S Smith, John 1126 Smith, John C ii74 Smith, John R I43i Smith, John S 624 Smith, Mftss Lettie 1127 Smith, Capt. Martin H 114S Smith, Mrs. Mlary E 1 14S Smith. Robert 1329 Smith,; W. J 1S17 Smoker Family 1332 Smoker, James M 1332 Smoker, William H 130S Sraucker, EK 1216 Smucker, John B 1201 Snader, Aaron W no Snader, Abraham P 1021 Snader (or Schneider) Family. log Suavely, Abraham, B 599 Sriavely, Mrs. Annie 1 143 Suavely Family 342 Suavely, Frank B 1205 Suavely, Henry H 1121 Snavely, John G 342 Snavely, Moses 529 Sneath, Jacob 369 INDEX xvu PAGE Snyder, Mrs. Annie 1491 Snyder, Mrs. Elizabeth 198 Snyder, Elwood S., M. D 632 Snyder Family . . . ; 658 Snyder, Jacob L 859 Snyder, J. A 826 • Snyder, John A 197 Snyder, John E 916 Snyder, John M 847 Snyder, John P 1216 Snyder, John S 1223 Snyder, Joseph C 1490 Snyder, Samuel 826 Snyder^ Samuel S 658 Snyder, Gov. Simon m Snyder, William D 820 Sommers. Dennis 1073 Souders, O. N 1236 Sourbeer, Mrs. Charlotte 1521 Sourbeer, Joshua 1520 Spotts, James H 8.S0 Sprecher Family 484 Sprecher, George D 484 Sprecher, John 438 Sprecher, Capt. Philip L 689 Sprecher, Samuel 799 Sprecher, Mirs. Samuel 800 Sprenger, John A 464 Spurrier Family , 1193 Spurrier. Nathaniel A. K 1193 Stacks, Samuel S 1331 Stair, Edwin S 1074 Stair, Mrs. Eunice 1074 Staman, Edward H 1298 Stamm, Carl P 1325 Stamra, Charles P., D.. D, S... 1518 Stamm, Frederick 1.^25 Stamm, John 664 Stamm, Miss Martha E 665 Stamy, Adam R 462 Stape, Daniel , . 277 .Staufifer, Abraham E. . . '. 700 Stauffer, Abraham Y 1034 Stauffer, Amos N 804 Stauffer, Benjamin F 1469 Stauffer, Benjamin F. (Colum- bia) 827 Stauffer, Charles F S^'O Stauffer, Christian R 1470 Stauffer, Clayton K 1301 Stauffer, Cyrus D 549 Stauft'er, Edwin H 1 1 19 Stauffer Families 840, 1301 Stauffer, Harry M 1078 Stauffer, Henry M 1007 Stauffer, Irvin H 549 Stauffer, Jacob E 4.57 Stauffer, Jacob G 83.S Stauffer, Jacob M i'034 Stauffer, John' G I I7S Stauffer, Samuel S Q2i Steacy, George S 899 Steele Families 30, 95 Stehman, Abraham W 311 Stehman, Christian W 286 Stehman, Harry J 1504 Stehman, John S 1 128 Steigel, Wilhelm H 83 Steinheiser, Georpre F 1258 Steinman, A. J., Esq 46 Steinman Familv 46 Steinman, John F 47 Steinmetz. Hon. Jacob L 668 PAGE Steinmetz, Mrs. Mary V. H.... 66g Stephan, Cha;rles B 1151 Stephan, John W 993 Sterni Family 888 Stern, Peter M 888 Stevens, Tbaddeus 36 Stevenson, Samuel C 338 Stillinger, Samuel M 1267 Stively, A. L 1385 Stively Family 1,386 Stively, Frederick 417 Stober Family 7i8 Stober, Hon. Jeremiah A 718 Stokes, Daniel .'.... 1292 Stoll, Harry S 695 Stoltzfus, Christian B 523 Stoltzfus, Samuel U : . . . 900 .Stoner, Christian F 1367 Stoner, Frederick 680 Stoner, Jacob 752 Stoner, John K 456 Stoneroad, Samuel 584 StoTb, Theodore M 543 Stork, Harvey K 1516 Strauss, William T 969 Strickler, Calvin R 964 Strickler, Mai. Michael B 787 Stroh, John B 712 Stubbs, Ambrose H., M. D 219 Stubbs, Charles H., M. D 218 Stubbs, Clarence T 219 Stubbs Family 216 Stubbs, Jeremiah B., M. D 217 Stump, Michael 1079 Stumpf, Mrs. Henrietta 1044 Stumpf, Philip 1044 Styer, Daniel W., M. D 978 Styer Family 435 Styer, Peter 435 Summy, Hon. Aaron H. ...... . I34 Summy, Abrarii 657 Summy, Simeon G 972 Swarr Family . 1320 Swarr, Milton L 1380 Swarr, Phares P 1320 Swartz, Charles 1076 S wartz, John H 12QI Sweeney, John J 1480 Swisher, James 1434 Swisher, James, Sr 473 Swisher, Simeon W., Esq 774 Tanger, John G 680 Taylor, Mrs. Marv L 1019 Taylor, Samuel W 1019 Tennis, Samuel 455 Terry, Henrv 778 Tboma-s. Michael P.. Tr 914 Thome, William B,, M. D 816 Thompson Families 235, 770 Thompson, Squire Hiram L. .. . 135 Thompson, John C 710 Thompson, John W 235 Thorbahn, Prof. John F. C... I74 Tomlin, Mrs. Mary 847 Townsend, Elwood H 1046 Townsend, Elwood M 1136 Townsend, Henry P 347 Townsend, Jacob R 1 140 Townsend, Miss M,arietta 347 Townsend, Mrs. Susan M 1141 Trexler, Jacob F., M. D 865 Trissler, Benjamin F 990 PAGE Trout Family 265 Trout, Frank B .. 808 Trout, Squire Frank M '. . . 264 Trout, Harry L 741 Truscott, Mrs. Jemima M 811 Tschantz, Hans 92 Tyson, Charles H 539 Tyson Family 539 Ulrich, Joseph A 1104 Umble Family 211 Umble, Jacob K 211 Underwood, Dr. Mary A 1165 Upp, William W 273 Van Ness, Marie R., M. D 925 Von Nieda, Daniel S 578 Wacker, Cha'rles V 1384 Wacker, Joseph 479 Wacker, Joseph, Jr 479 Wade, Amos 1235 Wade, Miss Effie L 1235 Wade, John M 732 Wagner, George F 1496 Wagner, Samuel 1251 Walker Families 113, 308 Walker, James M. . . ; 113 Walker, Joseph 1242 Walker, Joseph C 308 Walker, Josiah 1242 Walker, William 445 Walter. Adam V., M. D 1158 Walter, B. Frank 751 Walter, .Brinton 230 Walter Family 230 Walton, Amos 472 Walton Family 765 Walton, George W 763 Wanner, David 1204 Wanner Family 1204 Warfel, EU '. 1456 Warfel, Elwood C 881 Warfel. George W 1502 Warfel, Hiram G 1462 Warfel, John B 136 Warfel. John H 1116 Warfel, Samuel 485 Warfel, Silas N 185 Watson, John J 1319 Watt, P. T 148 Wayne, Simon P 819 Weaver. Aaron 472 Weaver, Aaron (Earl) 1144 Weaver, Amos 413 Weaver, Amos A 727 Weaver, David D 1131 Weaver, Enos B 931 Weaver, Ephraim E 516 Weaver Families .325, 788 Weaver, Frank J 325 Weaver, Isaac , 472 Weaver, Isaac H 842 Weaver, J. F 1074 Weaver, Jacob G., M. D 142 Weaver, John H 528 Weaver, Jonathan H 207 Weaver, Joseph B 1120 Weaver, Rev. Levi H 242 Weaver, Maris B 701 Weaver, Martin 788 Weaver, Milton L 500 Weaver, Samuel R., Esq. ...... 1346 XVIU INDEX PAGE Webb, Ezekiel G 1185 Webb Family 1185 Weber, John T 946 Weber, Louis 1013 Weber, Otto E 1521 Webster, Cicero S 1281 ■Wehner, Peter I3S7 Weidler, Jacob G 1409 Weidler, Walter B., M. D 932 Weiler, George 363 Weill, Henry 804 Weiser, Conrad 178 Welchans, Mrs. Anna M 1136 Welchans, Charles H 1283 Welchans, William 1 13S Welk, George 1499 Welk, George, Jr 1500 Weiler, David 14S Weller, Miss Elizabeth 145 Welsh Brothers Ii97 Welsh, Mis'S Carrie 292 Welsh, David F 291 Welsh, John T 1198 Welsh, Michael H 1198 Welsh, Gen. Thomas 11 Wendler, John M . . . 1407 Wenger, Abraham E 182 Wenger, Miss Anna M 966 Wenger, Clayton S 1352 Wenger Families 181, 891 Wenger, Henry L 1 141 Wenger, Jacob 182 Wenger, Michael 966 Wenger, Monroe B 8gi Wentz Families I49, 1085 Wentz, Thomas H., M. D 1085 Wentz, William H 524 Wentz, W. J., M. D I49 Weseman, ^'irs. Florence M. .. . 259 Weseman, George T., M. D.... 258 Westafer, John G 533 Westerhoff , Henry 1253 ' Wetzel, Samuel M 307 Whiteside, John W 1081 Whiteside, Samuel P 1209 Whiteside, William C 904 Whitson, Jacob T iiS4 AA'hitteker, Rev. John E., D. D. 205 Wickersham, James P 25 VVickersham, J. Harold 26 Widmyer, David B 269 Widmyer Family 269 Wiggins, Samuel 45i Wike Families 1103, 1222 Wike, Milton 1222 Wike, Nathan E 1103 Williams Family I94 Williams, Isaac T I95 Williams, Zachariah B I94 Willson, George B 1347 Wilson Family 129 Wilson, James jNI 580 Wilson, John 682 W«lson, John D 683 Wilson, Jonathan M 105,6 Wilson, Mrs. Margaret A 490 Wilson, Sidwell T 489 Wil-on William R 129 Wimer, Michael 419 Winower, Charles A 1379 Winower Family 318 Winower, Peter J 318 Winter, Ella M 769 Winters, Barton M., M. D 87 Winters Family 86 Winters, Isaac D., M, D 86 Winters, John L., M. D 87 Winters, Mrs. Mary 1434 Winters, Richard N 1434 Winters. Walter H 1073 Wise, Christian 552 Wise, Jacob 389 Wisler Family 952 Wisler, Henry 960 Wisler, Jacob F .' 952 Wisler, John K 1092 Wisman, Adam 797 Wisner, George E 686 Wissler, Aaron 259 Wissler, Ezra 665 Wissler Families 259, 666 Wissler, Jacob B 501 Wissler, Tobn B 666 Withers, Mrs. Anna B 827 Witman, Barton 114S Witman Family 1233 Witman, William 426 Witmcr; Aaron 599 Witmer, Rev. -\braham M 1026 Witmer, Abraham R 547 Witmer, Abraham Z 1161 Witmer, B. Barton 935 Witmer, Benjamin Z 577 Witmer, David Z 1463 Witmer, Elias H., M. D 262 Witmer Families 226, 235, 306, 4,38. 544, 601, 727, 1026, 1464 Witmer, George H 3°^ Witmer, Jacob 438 Witmer, Jacob E 1278 Witmer, Jacob H 246 Witmer, Jacob R 601 Witmer, Mrs. Margaret M 1018 Witm-er, Martin 712 Witmer, Martin F 902 Witmer. Mary K 727 Witmer, Peter E 494 Witmer, Samuel 1018 Witmer. Rev. S, Z 202 Witmer, Zachariah R 14=2 Witmeyer, Henry H 763 Witmeyer. Jeremiah H 768 Wohlsen, P. Harry 873 Wohlsen; William ,^48 Wolf. Elias S^7 Wolf, E. S 1059 Wolf, Ezra B 8.36 Wolf, Henry • 777 Wolf, John S 1055 Wolf. Joseph 1043 Wolf. Lemon C "64 Wolf. Dr \apoleon B 1461 Wolf. William H.. 8.37 Wolgemuth, Rev. Daniel 238 Wolgemulh. Daniel B 1448 Wolgemuth, Eli H 957 PAGE Wolgemuth, Henry B I042 Wolgemuth, Rev. John M 84 Wood, Alfred 1023 Wood Families 945, 1132, 1393 Wood, James 503 Wood, Jesse 945 Wood, Lewis 1132 ' Wood, Rev. Ottiwell 1393 Wood, Robert K 945 Woods, John N 655 Woolworth, F. W 781 Worrest, Alfred H 618 Worst Family 707 Worst, Henry 707 Worth, Albert B 1213 Worth Family 1213 Worth, William T., M. D 963 Worthington, Thomas K 239 Wright, E. W., Al. D 1475 Wright, Howard .' 423 Wright, John 50 Wright, Robert K 423 Yeager, Charles S 266 Yergey, H. F 1205 Yocom, Mrs. Annie K 1167 Yocum, Joseph W 260 Yoder, Jo.?eph C, D. D. S 674 Yohn, William 406 Yohn, William F 916 Yost, John F., M. D 171 Young Family 1250 Young, Henry A 1364 Young. Henry Z 1250 Young, Hiram S i486 Young, John M mo Young, Samuel 1250 Zcamer. Joseph H 990 Zell, Edwin M.. D. D. S 166 Zell, John W., M. D 1389 Zeller, Charles H 515 Zeller. John H 515 Zercher, Andrew J 986 Zercher, Emanuel H 762 Zercher, Ezra H 860 Zercher, Jacob 699 Zercher, John 688 Ziegler, Amos 1060 Ziegler, Francis X 274 Ziegler, Frank 1251 Ziegler, Jacob H 581 Ziegler, Jacob L., M. D 508 Ziegk-r, Mrs. Mary M 1251 Zimmerman, Abraham M 944 Zimmerman, Daniel 549 Zimmerman (or Carpenter), Emanuel 163 Zimmerman Family 169 Zimmerman. Rev. John M 169 Zook Family 180 Zook, T. Gu^t 180 Zook, Jolm G 716 Zook, .tolin S 1452 Zook, Jr --f r,h 1294 Zook, S. Kurtz 1336 BIOGRAPHICAL 1 1 1 ON. TOHN BOYD LIV- INGSTON, LL. D., Presi- dent Judge of the Second Judicial District of Pennsyl- vania, now serving his fourth term, was born in Salisbury township, Lancas- ter county, on Sunday, Oct. 14, 1 82 1. His father was John Livingston, and his mother Jane Graham. John Livingston, through whom the Judge is of English descent, was a farmer, teacher and justice of the peace, and one of the prom- inent citizens of Lancaster county. On his mother's side Mr. Livingston is descended from Scotch-Irish ancestry. John B. Livingston obtained his primary edu- cation under the private instruction of his father, whom he assisted in the farm work, for some branches of which physical disability had irlcapaci- tated the father. Much devolved upon the eldest son, who attended school in the winter and improved his leisure hours during his summer work by study. Matters continued thus until 1842, when, his younger brothers being able to assume their share of the farm work, John engaged in teaching school, which occupation he followed three years, still assist- ing his father during the summer. In the mean- time, besides receiving instruction from his father and in the public schools, he attended the select school of Rev. Dr. Timlow, one of the best in the county. He early evinced marked ability in the prosecution of his studies, making rapid progress, and the roughing he experienced on the farm de- veloped that naturally vigorous constitution which serves him so well in discharging the duties of the Bench at the age of over four-score. When thinking of choosing a profession the first inclination of Mr. Livingston was toward medicine, but upon reflection he shrank from the responsibility it involved. While if, as a doctor, he made a fatal mistake, it would be buried out of the light of the world, he feared that the consciousness of it would remain as an ever harassing memory. Therefore he chose the legal profession, where, if he blundered. there would still be opportunity to make amends. Having gained the consent of his father, who. had been averse to his son encountering the temptations of city life, he wrote to Thaddeus Stevens to know if he had room for a student, and, if so, what were his terms. He received this characteristic reply: "Have room. Take students. Terms, $200. Some pay, some don't." So he came to Lancaster, accom- panied by his father, ' who introduced him to Mr. Stevens, who had just concluded an address to a jury in the old court-house. Their reception was rather discouraging. Assuming that stern look for which Mr. Stevens was sometimes noted, he said: "You had better take the young man home." Being pressed for a reason by the astonished father, who had thought the arrangement with the son under- stood, Mr.. Stevens repeated his advice with em- phasis. Finally, assuming that bland smile which he could command with equal facility, he said: "Because his face is too honest to be a lawyer." The father replied, "If that is the only objection we will take the risk," and the "too honest" young country lad became a law Student of Thaddeus Stevens on the 6th of January, 1846. Young Livingston was fortunate in his choice of a preceptor. He was noted in his early life, as he is to-day, for the legibility and elegance of his penmanship, while Mr. Stevens was a close com- petitor with Greeley and Forney in tempting clients and compositors to indulge in profanity while try- ing to decipher their chirography. Stevens there- fore was not long in estimating the value of his new student as an amanuensis, and the result was that young Livingston was domiciled in the private office, while the other students studied in the other room. Thus he heard the great lawyer's confer- ences with clients, and in this way learned more of practical law than he could have possibly gained from books alone in the same time, although Mr. Stevens spoke of him in after life as one of the most studious students he ever had. After studying law two years Mr. Livingston was admitted to the Bar, Jan. 26, 1848; and at once opened a law office, pursuing a general practice on his own account until, in 1851, he entered the office BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY of Nathaniel Ellmaker, Esq., to assist him in his extensive orphans' court and general practice. The estimate which Mr. Stevens facetiously put upon the country lad, as having too honest a face to be a lawyer, was soon illustrated by the moderate fees he charged his clients, which became proverb- ial, and the subject of criticism by some of his less conscientious contemporaries; but it by no means detracted from his popularity, when, in 1862, he became a candidate for District Attorney, to which ofEce he was elected, serving a term of three years. The energy, ability and conscientious integrity with which he discharged the duties of that office brought him still more favorably into public notice, and he secured one of the largest and most lucrative practices in the county. Although in a pecuniary sense it was no pro- motion to yield such a growing practice for a seat on the Bench, Mr. Livingston was induced to stand for the nomination for President Judge, and, re- ceiving more votes at the primary election than all his comipetitors combined, was elected by a large majority in the fall of 1871, and entered upon his official duties on the 4th of December, following. He was re-elected in 1881, and again in 1891, triumphing over the most bitter factional opposi- tion ever made against any candidate in Lancaster county. A flattering but deserved compliment was vol- untarily paid Judge Livingston in 1882, when he received the joint endorsement of the Republican organization and the Bar of Lancaster County as a candidate for Judge of the Supreme court, "in the full confidence that the spotless integrity and judi- cial attainments, and his untiring industry, that have made him the honored head of our court, eminent!}' fit him for the discharge of the high duties devolving upon a fnember of the Supreme court." But the crowning recognition of an upright judge, a Christian gentleman and an exemplary citi- zen was achieved in 1901, when John Boyd Living- ston received the nomination, by the unanimous vote of his party, for a fourth term as President Judge of the courts of Lancaster county, while his name was placed on the ticket of the opposition party as their candidate for the same office. This is a unique example of a reward for merit — nlerit recognized because it commanded recognition solely upon the admitted claims of the beneficiary. It is the first instance in the political history of Lancaster county when the merits of a candidate have commanded recognition irrespective of partisan predilections, and Judge Livingston is now rounding out a tenure of professional and official life without a parallel in the judicial annals of the Commonwealth. While devoted to his profession and the scrupu- lous discharge of every official duty which devolves upon him, Judge Livingston has kept himself in touch with the various local interests of his fellow citizens, especially with the cause of popular educa- tion. He was a school director for many years, assisting in organizing the night schools, was prin- cipal for a time, and occasionally, when a teacher was ill, he assumed his old role of schoolmaster by filling the temporary vacancy. He served as presi- dent of the Y. M. C. A., and took an active part as a member of the library committee in selecting and installing the library of that institution ; served as a member of the board of trustees of Franklin and Marshall College, which, in 1897, conferred upon him the honorary degree of LL. D. ; and is an active member of the board of trustees of the First State Normal School, at Millersville, having been first elected by the stockholders and subsequently ap- pointed by the State executive. He is a communi- cant of St. James Episcopal Church, and a member of the vestry. Judge Livingston was united in marriage. May 18, 1853, to Anna M. Swentzell, who died Sept. 24, 1902, and was buried in Woodward Hill cemetery Sept. 27th. She was a sister of Rev. Dr. Frederick Swentzell (deceased),' and aunt of Rev. Dr. Henry C. Swentzell, rector of St. Luke's Episcopal Church, Brooklyn, New York. HON. MATTHEW STANLEY QUAY, United States Senator from Pennsylvania, was born Sept. 30, 1833, at Dillsburg, York Co., this State. He comes of honorable American ancestry, being a son of Rev. Anderson Beaton and Catherine (McCain) Quay, the former a prominent Presby- terian divine, who was in the ministry for many years, being pastor in charge of flourishing churches at Dillsburg, York county; Beaver, Beaver county, and Indiana, Indiana county, successively. Through his mother Rev. Anderson B. Quay was descended from James Anderson, who came from Scotland in 1713, and subsequently married Eliza- beth Jerman, daughter of Thomas Jerman, a noted Quaker preacher. The latter emigrated from Wales with his wife, Elizabeth, and about 1700 settled in the Chester Valley, where he erected one of the first mills in the province. Patrick Anderson, son of James, and great-grandfather of the Senator, was the first white child born in what is now Schuylkill township, in the northern part of Chester county. Pa. He was one of the prominent men of his time and place, and took an active part in the stirring events preceding and during the Revolutionary period. He was a captain in the French and Indian war, and when the Revolution broke out was a member of the Chester County committee, on which Anthony Wayne was also serving. In 1776 he en- tered the service as captain of the First Company, Pennsylvania Musketry Battalion, of which he took command after the battle of Long Island, in which. Col. Atlee was captured and Lieut. Col. Parry was killed. In 1778 and 1770 he was a member of the Pennsylvania Assembly, and his son, Isaac Ander- son, represented that District in Congress from 1803 to 1807. Ascenath Anderson, daughter of BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Patrick Anderson, became the wife of Joseph Quay, the Senator's grandfather, and they lived near Phoenixville, in what is now Schuylkill township, Chester county. Senator Quay's great-grand- mother, Ann Beaton, was a daughter of Daniel Beaton, and a sister of Col. John Beaton, who was active in military affairs in Chester county .during the Revolutionary war. Matthew S. Quay graduated from Jefferson Col- lege, Philadelphia, in 1850, took up the study of law with Penny & .Sterrett, in Pittsburg, and was ad- mitted to the Bar of Beaver county in 1854. In 1855 he was appointed prothonotary of that county, was elected to that office in 1856, and again in 1859. In 1861 he resigned to accept a lieutenancy in the toth Pennsylvania Reserves. He was subsequently made assistant commissary general of the State, with the rank of lieutenant colonel; was appointed private secretary to Gov. Andrew G. Curtin ; and in August, 1862, was commissioned colonel of the 134th P. V. I. He was mustered out Dec. 7, 1862, on account of ill health, but the following week, Dec. 13, took part as a vohmteer in the assault on Marye's Heights. Having" received the appoint- ment of State agent at Washington, he served in that Capacity for a time, until recalled by the Penn- sylvania Legislature to fill the office of military secretary, created by that body. In 1864 he was elected to the Legislature, and again in 1865 and 1866. In the year last mentioned he was secretary of the Republican State Committee, of which he was chairman in 1878. In 1869 Mr. Quay estab- lished the Beaver Radical, which he edited. In 1:873 he became secretary of the State of Pennsyl- vania, which incumbency he resigned in 1878 to ac- cept the appointment of recorder of Philadelphia, resigning the latter office in January, 1879, when he was again appointed secretary of the Common- wealth; in October, 1882, he again resigned this post. In November, 1885, Mr. Quay was elected State treasurer by the largest vote ever given a candidate for that office. He resigned in Septem- ber, 1887. On Jan. 18, of the latter year, he was elected United States Senator for the term ending March 3, 1893, and immediately took a most active part in the deliberations of that body. He was member of the committees on Manufactures, Pen- sions, Public Buildings and Grounds, Post Offices and Post Roads, and Claims, and chairman of the committee to examine the various branches of the civil service. Mr. Quay has been reelected to this high office, continuing to hold a most prominent place in that legislative body to the present time (1903)- In 1855 Matthew S. Quay was united m mar- riage with Miss Agnes Barclay, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Shannon) Barclay, natives of Penn- sylvania, of Scotch-Irish descent. Children as fol- lows have been born to this union : Richard Rob- erts, Andrew Gregg Curtin, Mary Agnew, Coral and Susan Willard, all natives of Beaver. The eld- est son is a lawyer. The second son graduated from West Point June 11, 1888, and is in the United States army. The Senator owns one of the hand- somest farms in Lancaster county. MAJOR SIMON B. CAMERON. Prominent in the social, business, political and military affairs of Lancaster county, this gentleman, now located in Marietta, is active as becomes the descendant of "so worthy an ancestor as Gen. Simon Cameron, who was his grandfather. Gen. Simon Cameron was one of Lancaster county's most distinguished citizens. Born March 8, 1799, in Maytown, this county, he was descended from Donald Cameron, who came from Scotland to America in the spring of 1775, in the same vessel with Rev. Colin McFarquhar. He was accom- panied by his sons, John and Simon, the latter's wife and Ann McKenzie, probably a sister of Simon's wife, whose maiden name is known to have been Mc- Kenzie. Coming from the same neighborhood as the reverend gentleman, they were Undoubtedly , well acquainted, and having been tenant farmers in their native place thev resumed their occupation upon the glebe lands of Donegal Church. As none of their names appear upon the Donegal assessment roll for two or three years, it is probable that after Mr. McFarquhar purchased a farm about two ;niles north of Mount Joy they carried on its culti- vation. Simon and John Cameron took the oath of , allegiance in June, 1778, before James Bayley, who . owned and occupied the "Graybill farm," now the property of Abraham N. Cassel. Charles Cameron, son of Simon, was married about 1794 to Miss Martha Pfoutz, daughter of John Pfoutz. She was a woman vigorous in both mind ; and body, possessed of a cheerful and indomitable , spirit, which enabled her to face bravely the many I vicissitudes she and her husband experienced in pro- viding for the needs of their family. Charles Cam- [ eron learned the tailor's trade in Maytown, and for a few years carried on the hotel at the southwest corner of the square in that village, but with meager success. There their eldest son, William, was born in 1796, and the others, John, Simon, James ;and a daughter . (who married a Mr. Boggs), were born in a small frame house not far away, to which the family moved in 1797. From Maytown the family removed to Vinegar's Ferry, and thence, about 1809, to Northumberland, Pennsylvania. Simon Cameron was about nine years old when the family located in Northumberland, and, his father dying not long afterward, he was early thrown upon his own resources. In 1816 he entered as an apprentice to the printing business with Andrew Kennedy, of Northumberland, editor of the North- \umberland County Gazette, but continued only one : year when his employer, because of financial reverses, :was obliged to close his establishment. By river- boat and on foot the young man made his way to Harrisburg, where he obtained a position in the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY printing office of James Peacock, editor of the Re- publican, with whom he remained until he attained his majority. In January, 1821, at the soHcitation of Samuel D. Ingham, he went to Doylestown, where he published the Bucks County Messenger, which, in March of the same year, was merged with the Doyles- town Democrat under the name of the Bucks County Democrat. Toward the close of 1821 the plant was purchased by Gen. W. T. Rodgers. Mr. Cameron was engaged that winter as a journeyman printer in the office of Gales & Seaton, publishers of the National Intelligencer, at Washington. Returning to Harrisburg in 1822, he entered into partnership with Charles Mowry in the management of the Pennsyl- vania Intelligencer. At the conclusion of his services as State printer he was appointed by Gov. Shulze, of whom he was an early friend and supporter, to the ofEce of adjutant general of Pennsylvania. Thus began the career of public service which ended only with the close of his life itself, and in which he made a record equalled by few. Mr. Cameron early became interested in the de- velopment of internal improvements. In 1826 he be- gan building the section of the Pennsylvania canal (then in process of construction) between Harris- burg and Sunbury, and not long afterward took con- tracts for other sections, on the western division. The charter granted by the Commonwealth to the State Bank of Louisiana provided that the bank build a canal from Lake Pontchartrain to New Or- leans, and Mr. Cameron assumed the contract for the work, which was considered by engineers the greatest undertaking of the day. In Philadelphia he engaged twelve hundred men, whom he sent by sea to New Orleans, he himself, with his engineers and tools, going by river, from Pittsburg. This was in 1831. He spent half a year upon the work, and demonstrated its feasibility beyond a doubt. When the Bank of Middletown received its charter from the Legislature, in 1832, Mr. Cameron became cashier, and held that position for twenty-five years, the bank being a success from the start. The duties of that incumbency, however, were too limited to occupy all the time of a man possessed of his resources, and he interested himself in other fields of usefulness, par- ticularly the promotion of railroads, serving at one time as president of four corporations, all operating lines in the region of his birth place. The establish- ment of the railroads from Middletown to Lancaster, from Harrisburg to Sunbury, from Harrisburg to Lebanon, was due to his efforts, and he also gave his influence in favor of the Cumberland Valley road, and succeeded in securing to Pennsylvania the own- ership of the Northern Central railroad, from Har- risburg to Baltimore. Mr. Cameron organized the Pennsylvania dele- gation to the first National Convention ever held in the United States, which met in Baltimore, having been recalled from his work in Louisiana for that purpose. This delegation supported Van Buren for the Vice Presidency. After the Convention ]\Ir. Cameron was appointed a visitor to West Point, by Gen. Jackson. In 1838 President Van Buren tendered him an appointment as commissioner, with James Murray, of Maryland, under a treaty with the Winnebago Indians, to settle and adjust the claims made against the Indians bv the traders. In 1845 he was. elected to the United States Senate, to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of James Buch- anan (who became Secretary of State under Polk), and served four years with a fidelity which the most exacting of his constituents could not question. In the winter of 1857 he was re-elected to that body, to succeed Senator Brodhead, and was thus again brought prominently to public notice. In the polit- ical movements which preceded the campaign of i860 he was named as the choice of Pennsylvania for the Presidency, and his name was early asso- ciated with that of Lincoln for the Republican Na- tional ticket. Gen. Cameron's influence was strongly felt at, the Chicago Convention in i860, and he so won the confidence of Mr. Lincoln that when that gentleman was elected to the Presidency he voluntarily offered the General a cabinet office. From the organization of the cabinet it was a recognized fact that of all its members Gen. Cameron held the closest personal relations with the President, who during his service as Secretary of War, consulted him in private as well as in the regular cabinet meetings. Gen. Cam- eron, anticipating that the Civil war was too serious for speedy settlement, set on foot the extensive preparations which time justified. On Jan. 11, 1862, he resigned from the cabinet, and the same day was nominated by Lincoln for the most important diplo- matic mission in his gift — ^the minister to Russia be- ing intrusted with the transaction of our affairs there- at a time when a tact and discretion were never so- necessary. He was given an honor never before or since accorded a cabinet officer that of naming his- successor as Secretary of War. The General played a promirient part in nominat- ing Lincoln for a second term, and meantime took active part in the politics of his native State, winning- for the Republican party a standing which defied opposition. In 1866 he was again sent to the United States Senate, in which body he served longer than any other representative from Pennsylvania, and made a record also unsurpassed for activity and bril- liant service. After his last election he served eleven years, resigning in 1877. He was at the time one of the foremost members of that body, holding the chairmanship of the committee on Foreign Relations, appointment to which incumbency was a recognized acknowledgment of superior statesmanship. Though he made no claims to being an orator, and seldom participated in debate, Mr. Cameron's influence in National legislation was as great as that of any man who ever held a seat in the Senate. He armed him- self with facts, his arguments were clear and charac- terized by common sense, his propositions eminently practical, and his judgment in matters of finance,. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY commerce, manufacturing, internal improvements, etc., was always accepted as correct, and consequently reliable. He encouraged every project looking to- ward the development and-opening up of the Western States, and his work was never without visible re- sults. Gen. Cameron married Margaret Brua, daughter of Peter Brua, of Harrisburg. The children born to this union were Rachel, who married Judge Burn- side, of Belief onte ; Brua, who is mentioned below ; Margaret, wife of Richard J. Haldeman ; James Donald; and Virginia, who married Wayne Mac- Veagh. Brua Cameron was a Civil engineer by profes- sion. He was cashier of the Bank of Middletown, founded by his father, and in May, 1861, commis- sioned paymaster in the regular army, serving as such until his death, which occurred in 1864, at Lochiel, Pa., when he was thirty-eight years of age. He married Elizabeth Bastedo, daughter of Gilbert and Marian Bastedo, of Nelson, Ontario, Canada, the former of whom was a farmer by occupation. Mrs. Cameron survived her husband several years, passing away Dec. 31, 1 871, at the age of forty-eight years, near Nelson, Ontario. The remains of both Test in the cemetery at Middletown. They were members of the Presbyterian Church at that place, and socially he was a Mason and Odd Fellow. Mr. and Mrs. Brua Cameron had the following named children: Simon B., whose name introduces this sketch , Marian Bastedo, widow of David Watts, of Harrisburg, who was an ironmaster; Margaret B., who died when eight years old ; Janet R., who mar- ried Dr. George Husband, a physician of Philadel- phia ; and James, who died in infancy. Simon B. Cameron was born May 11, 1855, in Middletown, Dauphin Co., Pa., where he passed the ■first twelve years of his life, and the next three were spent in Lititz, Lancaster county, where he attended the Academy. He was subsequently a student at Williston Setninary, Easthampton, Mass., and Upson Seminary, New Preston, Conn., and took the exam- ination for entrance to Sheffield Scientific School, Yale. Being offered a position on the Wheeler ex- ploring expedition, he accepted, and was thus occu- pied two years, after which he was engaged two years as instructor in Upson Seminary. In May, 1881, Mr. Cameron came to East Donegal township, Lan- caster county, to take charge of the Donegal farms for his grandfather, and he continued there until his marriage. He then moved to a farm two and a half miles from the Donegal farms, which was given him by his grandfather, residing on that place until his removal to Marietta in 1894. Here he has car- ried on a real-estate and insurance business, and in 1898 was, elected justice of the peace, in which ca- pacity he is still officiating. Like his honored fore- fathers, he is a Republican in political sentiment, and has been quite active in party affairs, serving as dele- gate from Lancaster county to the State Convention in 1894. He has not sought office, however, though he has been a member of the school board one year since locating in Marietta. Since January, 1890, Mr. Cameron has been a member of the Pennsylvania National Guard, and he served as quartermaster of the 4th Regiment until May, 1897, when he was promoted to his present position, in the 3d Brigade, on the staff of Gen. J. P. S. Gobin, as commissary of subsistence ; he ranks as major. During the riot at Hazleton, Pa., he pro- vided the food for the troops in service. He accom- panied the National Guard to the coal fields in the troublesome times in 1902. The Major is a member of the Loyal Legion, and fraternally of the Masonic Order, in which he has attained the thirty-second degree. He is also an elder in the Presbyterian Church and assistant superintendent of the Presby- terian Sunday School in the town in which he re- sides. On Feb. 15, 1887, Simon B. Cameron was united in marriage, at Harrisburg, with Miss HePen Mark- ley, and two children have blessed their union: Simon B., born May 20, 1888, died June 18, 1901 ; and Elva M., born Aug. 4, 1890. In religious con- nection our subject is a Presbyterian. Dr. George H. Markley, father of Mrs. Cameron, was born in Lancaster, and was a member of the old Markley family which has long been prominent in this county. In 1863 he removed to Harrisburg, where he passed the remainder of his days, dying May II, 1900. He was a physician, and also con- ducted a pharmacy. Dr. Markley married Miss Emma Snyder, of Harrisburg, daughter of Charles and Emma Snyder, the former of whom was a justice of the peace for many years. Mrs. Markley now makes her home in Harrisburg. Of the chil- dren born to Dr. and Mrs. Markley, Helen, Mrs. Cameron, ' was born in Lancaster ; Elva married Ralph Shaw, a lawyer of Paterson, N. J., where he is now assistant district attorney; and Miss Kath- erine lives with her mother. DAVID HAYES AGNEW was born at Noble- ■ ville, now the borough of Christiana, in Lancaster county, Nov. 24, 1818, only child of Robert and Agnes (Noble) Agnew. The latter had been pre- viously married to Rev. Eleazer Henderson, by whom she had two children, James N. ; and Mary Hender- son, who married Davies Wallace, of Lancaster county, and had a son, E. D. Wallace, who now re- sides at Blue Ball. The Agnew family, which has been prominent in this country for nearly two centuries, can be traced through many generations of North of Ireland and Scotch ancestry to Norman progenitors. The earli- est authentic record of the family comes from Ag- jieaux, a quaint village in northern France, from which the family derives its name — this being the leverse of the process in this country where the fam- ily has invariably given the name to the place. The little town of Agnew, Lancaster Co., Neb., named in honor of Dr. Agnew, is a typical example of this BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY method, and shows the space of time and changes in living and civilization between the Agneaux of the Old World, and the Agnew of the New. Tames Agnew, the great-grandfather of the sub- ject of this sketch, with two brothers, emigrated from Ireland about the year 1717. He was a typical Scotch- Irishman. In an old graveyard near Gettysburg lie a number of the earlier members of the Agnew family. On one of the grave-stones is the coat of arms of the Agnews of Lochnar, and on another a rude carving of Weights and Measures, with the inscription, "The Weights and Measures of Scot- land." His biographer. Dr. J. Howe Adams, says Dr. Agnew evinced a pathetic interest in this little deserted spot, where so many of his lineage were laid to rest, and always spent much of his time when he visited Gettysburg taking tracings of the various stones. Robert Agnew, the father of David Hayes, was born in Adams county, Pa., and received his general education at Dickinson college, studied medicine and became a surgeon in the United States Navv. On his first voyage the vessel was wrecked oflf Cape Hatteras, and he narrowly escaped with his life. This incident changed his plans. He settled at Nobleville, where he soon acquired a large general practice, which finally made inroads upon his health, and he determined to retire. His popularity, how- ever, was such that he concluded the only way to do this was to remove from the neighborhood. He, therefore, after a practice of a quarter of a century, removed to Baltimore county, Md., where he pur- chased a handsome countrv seat. While a citizen of Lancaster county he was prominently identified with the Octoraro United Presbyterian Church as a leading member of the Sessions. He died Oct. 10, 1858, aged seventy-three years. The farm house in which his distinguished son was born is still stand- ing and in good repair. The old flouring mill, built by Dr. Robert Agnew in 1816, on a branch of the Octoraro at Christiana, is now a ruin. For many ' years the driveway leading from the public road to the farm buildings, led over the embankment of the mill pond. After receiving his primary education in the country school David Hayes Agnew was sent to the Moscow Academy, at that time a flourishing school, of which the Rev. Francis Latta was the principal. It derived its name from this incident: Soon after the war of 1812 there was a mania in this State for laying out new towns. ' The proprietor of the "Gen- eral Wayne Tavern," on the Lancaster turnpike, sold his property, including fifty acres of land, to a party of speculators for the fancy price of $16,000, who laid out a town (on paper), to which they gave the name of Moscow, after the Russian town of that name which had been recently destroyed by fire to prevent its occupation by Napoleon Bonaparte. The speculation failed, and "Cossack Street" again be- came the Lancaster turnpike and the others with Russian names were lost in the bosom of the farm. It was on this property that Mr. Latta built the Moscow Academy in 1826, and there that young Agnew received the foundation of a good classical education. From there he was sent to Jefferson College at Canonsburg, Pa., an institution then the centre of Presbyterian influence in Western Pennsyl- vania, and as such influenced his parents in choos- ing a school to complete the education of their son, together with the fact that the Rev. James Ramsay, a relative, was a trustee. He did not stay to graduate as had been intended, but left to enter Newark Col- lege, which had just been opened at Newark, Del. (now Delaware College), under the auspices of the State, and of which his cousin, Rev. John Holmes Agnew, had been elected Professor of Languages. He resigned his position when he discovered that the College was supported in part by the proceeds of a lottery, and there being no special inducement for his young cousin to stay, he left before graduat- ing. He now felt that he had reached the age when he could prepare for the profession which had been the dream of his boyhood. After studying some time with his father, he entered the Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1836, being one of the youngest members of the class. He graduated, in 1838, among his classmates being Surgeon Gen- eral Barnes and Dr. Henry E. Muhlenberg. After graduating Dr. Agnew returned to Noble- ville in order to assist his father in his extensive practice. He remained with his father two years, until the latter removed to Maryland in 1840. The younger Agnew lived in the old homestead, where his parents had resided Tor many years, and his mother's family had long dwelt in that locality, the village having been named after them, and when the name was changed in 1847 to Christiana it was in honor of Christiana, wife of Wm. Noble, Dr. Agnew's uncle. While living here he met his future wife, Margaret Creighton Irwin. Their parents had been friends for many years, Dr. Robert Agnew having been their family physician. After he went South the son was called in to attend a member of the family. An at- tachment was formed between Miss Irwin and him- self which culminated in their marriage at the Irwin homestead, Pleasant Garden, on Nov. 21, 1841, in Dr. Agnew's twenty-third year. The life-long friend of his father and himself. Rev. Dr. Easton, performed the ceremony. Dr. Agnew had been in practice nearly five years, and was quite successful as a country practitioner, when he unexpectedly drifted in another direction^ His father-in-law was extensively engaged in the iron business. At his death his sons assumed con- trol of his extensive business, and Dr. Agnew was urged to enter the firm to represent his wife's in- terest. This looked like a promising opportunity, and he joined the firm of Irwin & Agnew in the man- agement of the iron works at Spring Garden, Chester county. But this seemingly auspicious move was made on the eve of the great revolution in industrial methods, when railroads, the telegraph and improved BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY machinery were working new conditions. The Irwin iron works had been erected and fitted for making charcoal iron, and had been located with a view to convenience to water powers and abundance of wood. They were not adapted to the new conditions, and the panic of 1837 made matters worse. The firm made a determined struggle against unequal forces, but three years after the admission of Dr. Agnew to the firm they were obliged to make an assignment, and Dr. Agnew returned to his first love worse off financially than when h& began, being heavily in debt. He felt keenly the failure of his firm, and determined to make up to the creditors all they had lost, and through his future success he was able to pay every cent pf indebtedness of the firm, even claims that had been outlawed by lapse of time. About the time Dr. Agnew was making up his mind to locate in Philadelphia, where he would have better facilities to pursue his favorite studies of Practical Anatomy and Operative Surgery, Dr. Na- thaniel Sample, then the most eminent physician in Lancaster county, invited him to take temporary charge of the practice of his son, who had been sick for some time ; but while thus engaged he was in- jured in a runaway accident which confined him to his bed for nine weeks, and the effect of which he carried to his grave, in a slight limp in his gait, his hip having been severely injured. As soon as he was well enough he went to Philadelphia, where he entered upon that career as a surgeon which gave him more than a national reputation. Some years afterward, when meeting a citizen of Soudersburg, Dr. Agnew said, "I located at Soudersburg when a young man; I stayed long enough to know all the roads in that district ; but I found that the people around there wanted a better doctor than I was likely to prove, so I moved." How limited is human foresight ! Dr. Agnew located in Philadelphia, in 1848, when he was thirty years of age, with seven years of country practice and two years of business ex- perience, and soon attained a fair practice. In 1852 he began his teaching of Practical Anatomy and Operative Surgery in the Philadelphia School of Anatomy, and his name is still the most distinguished in the long list of able men who have been connected with that institution. In 1854 he was elected a sur- geon in the Philadelphia Hospital, which was his first opportunity to perfect himself in the teaching of Clinical Surgery; and in speaking of it to his friend and professional associate, Dr. J. William White, he said he "might as well attempt to be a gardener without a garden as a surgeon without a hospital." During the Civil war he had large oppor- tunities; principally in the Hestonville General Hos- pital, for operative work. In 1863 he was elected surgeon to Wills' Eye Hospital ; in 1867 surgeon to the Orthopedic Hospital ; in 1870 pr(ffessor of Clin- ical Surgery, and in 1871 Professor of Surgery in the University of Pennsylvania, retaining the latter positions until 1889, when he resigned them to be created Emeritus Professor of Surgery and Honor- ary Professor of Clinical Surgery. During all these years he grew steadily in professional strength ; his clinics were crowded; his office was filled; his ser- vices were in daily demand in all parts of the Middle States, and the University of Pennsylvania was send- ing out, year after year, hundreds of young men who justly regarded him as the best possible adviser in all cases of surgical disease or injury. He was one of the surgeons employed in the Garfield case, spend- ing many days and nights with the President during a period of three months, involving a loss of weeks from his practice, then the largest of any American surgeon, for which he refused to make a charge, and for which Congress appropriated a sum which gave him only $5,000. Dr. J. William White, who attended to his sur- gical cases when Dr. Agnew's health began to fail in 1888, and who was a constant attendant in his last illness, in his memoir read before the College of Physicians, thus spoke of the closing days of his active career : "After his retirement from the chair of Surgery he gave each year, at my urgent solicita- tion, backed by that of the class, a clinic at the Uni- versity Hospital. It was always known in advance and the amphitheatre was packed from floor to ceil- mg . . . He never lost his hold on the love and respect of the students, and until the day of his death was the most popular member of the University faculty." Dr. Agnew entered into rest on March 22, 1892. The immediate cause of death was uremia. His re- mams repose in West Laurel Hill. — |J. ■ M. W. Geist. COL. JAMES DUFFY was for many years one of the prominent residents of Marietta, but his repu- tation was not by any means confined to that locality. He was active in many lines before connecting him- self with the Marietta Hollow Ware & Enameling Co., with which he was identified from 1877 to the close of his long life. Col. Duffy was a grandson of John Duffy, a na- tive of Newtown Cunningham, County Donegal, Ireland, who was a leather dresser by trade. He married Ann Bradley, and their son, James, the father of our subject, was also born in Newtown. The latter came to America in 1800, locating first in Lancaster and later in Marietta, in the organiza- tion of which borough he took an active part. He was engaged in many undertakings which proved of great benefit to the county, and being a man of good business ability carried on the contracting busi- ness profitably. He constructed the Marietta and Lancaster turnpike, the turnpike from the Elizabeth- town to the Susquehanna river, and the road frorri Carlisle to Baltimore, through York Springs and Gettysburg. Mr. Duffy died in 1836, aged sixty- five years, in the faith of the Catholic Church. He was a Democrat politically. Previous to his emi- gration to this country he was a member of the famous Light Horse Cavalry, of Ireland. James BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Duffy married Catherine Sheriden, like himself a native of County Donegal, who died in 1820. Twelve children were born to them. Col. James Duffy, our subject, was born in Mari- etta Sept. 16, 1818, and in his boyhood engaged in rafting on the Susquehanna, rising in time to the rank of pilot. He was thus employed until 1846, and the following year made a trip to Europe. In 1848 he established, a line of boats for transporting coal from Pottsville to New York, in the interests of the Schuylkill Navigation Co. In connection with James Mehaffy he began the lumber business, in which he continued until 1865. Meantime, in 1861, he began transporting supplies for the Government to forts in New Mexico and the West, among other places to Salt Lake City. The magnitude of these contracts can be estimated from the facts that mil- lions of dollars were, employed, and over thirty thousand oxen were used. After seven years spent in this line Mr. Duffy retired from active business, devoting his attention to his landed interests and he won the reputation of being the largest tobacco grower in the State. In 1877 he became interested in the Marietta Hollow Ware & Enameling Co., in which he controlled one-half the stock. He was one of the directors of the Bald Eagle Valley Railway Co.,> and was active in the support of many enter- prises. He was a Democrat, and in i875_he was ap- pointed a member of the Board of Fish Commission- ers for Pennsylvania. In religion, like his fore- fathers, he was a Roman Catholic. His death oc- curred in November, 1886. Col. James Duffy was married, Sept. 8, 1863, to Martha, daughter of John Park, of Marietta, and to them were born the following named children : Josephine ; Catherine, deceased : James, who married Miss Malone, and has three children, James, Joseph- ine and Richard ; Donald Cameron ; Thomas Bayard ; John Park, deceased ; Martha Park; John Park (2), who also passed away ; and Mary Agnes, who died in infancy. CAPT. SAMUEL EVANS, now one of the ivenerable residents ,of Columbia, has long been one of the best known citizens of- Lancaster county, where he is looked upon as the most reliable author- ity in matters pertaining to local history. His efforts in gathering and preserving data of interest and consequence have been both laborious and success- ful — all the more so that he has ever aimed at ac- curacy in every particular, a fact which invests his articles with especial value. Capt. Evans was born Jan. 20, 1823, near Marietta, this county, in the stone mansion on what is now Col. James Duffy's park farm. Major Samuel Evans, his grandfather, was born near Landenburg, Chester Co., Pa., of Welsh and Irish extraction, and became a man of importance in his time and place. He was captain of the 8th Company, in the Chester Countv Battalion, com- manded by his father, Col. Evan Evans, and he par- ticipated in the battles of Trenton, Princeton and Brandywine. He was mustered out of the service holding the rank of major, having been but twenty- one years old when given that rank. He was one of the judges of the Chester court, and served several years as a member of the State Legislature. Major Evans married Frances Lowrey, youngest child of Col. Alexander and Ann Lowrey, the former of whom owned and lived upon the present Duffy farm. Mrs. Lowrey was of English extractiop. Alexander Lowrey Evans, father of Capt. Satn- uel, was given advantages for education such as but few young men of his day received. He was a col- lege graduate, and became a fine classical scholar. Possessed of rare abilities, he displayed in his writ- ings literary attainments of a high order. Like his father, he had a taste for military life, but had no opportunity for seeing active service. He was an ardent Federalist, but he never sought politicar honors. His death occurred in July, 1839. In 1822 he married Hannah Slaymaker, youngest daughter of Hon. Amos and Isabella (Fleming) Slaymaker, of Salisbury, the former of whom was an ensign in the Revolutionary war, and a member of Congress in 181 1 and 1812. Mr. Slaymaker was a charter member and one of the promoters of the Philadel- phia and Lancaster turnpike, which was built in 1792, and which was one the first built in the coun- try. He was also one of the proprietors of the Phil- adelphia and Pittsburg stage line, which was estab-, lished in 1800. Mrs. Slaymaker's father, James Fleming, who was of Scotch-Irish extraction, in- herited the military ardor of his race, and served in Capt. David Buyer's company ; he was at the battle of Long Island. Capt. Samuel Evans remained at the place of his birth until he was fifteen years old, and during his boyhood attended regularly the best schools of the neighborhood. In April, 1838, he was apprenticed to Israel Cooper, a Quaker, one of the prominent builders of Columbia, with whom he remained six years. For one year after reaching his majority he continued in that locality, and then for eighteen months he followed his trade successively in New York, Pittsburg, St. Louis and New Orleans. Re- turning to Columbia, he engaged in building there and in Lancaster, and also followed the lumber busi- ness along the river. Although his business received the attention its successful conduct required, it was hardly to be ex- pected that a man of Capt. Evans' active and pro- gressive disposition should be satisfied with only a commercial outlet for his intelligence and energy. He earl}' took an active part in the political affairs of his locality, attaching himself to the Whig party, in time becoming an aggressive advocate of anti- slavery principles. He was a liberal and welcome contributor to ^ the editorial and local columns of the newspapers' of his party, and he showed himself apt at giving and parrying the blows which were so freely exchanged at a time when party feeling ran /-z-^a-^^-C BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY high. He always attended the primaries, and fre- quently represented his District in the county con- ventions, where he took a prominent part in fram- ing the platforms of his party. In 1856 he had the honor of being a delegate to the Republican State Convention held at Philadelphia. In 1853 Capt, Evans was elected a justice of the peace for the lower ward of Columbia, and in 1857 was nominated by the Republicans for clerk of the Court of Quarter Sessions, and Oyer and Terminer, and was elected. During his term, though the business in court was quite large, there was not a single adjourned court ■of Quarter Sessions. In the spring of 1861 he re- turned to Columbia, and was again elected a justice of the peace of the lower ward. When Sumter was fired upon, and a company of volunteers was raised in Columbia by Col. Fisher, Mr. Evans enrolled himself as a private, and marched with the organization to Camp Curtin, about May I, 1 86 1. He was appointed orderly sergeant of Company K, 5th Regiment, Pennsylvania Reserves, and on June 21, 1861, was promoted to a second lieutenancy. On the following day he marched with his regiment to Cumberland, Md., via Hopewell and Bedford, part of the way by rail. From Cumber- land the regiment proceeded to New Creek, and made a forced march by night from the latter place to Ridgeville, a distance of ten miles, to relieve Col. Kane. From West Virginia the regiment returned to Harrisburg, thence to Washington and Tennally- town, about Aug. 20, 1861. From there they marched to Camp Pierpont, south of the Potomac, on the Drainesville turnpike. On Oct. i, 1861, Sam- uel Evans was appointed quartermaster of the regi- ment, with the rank of first lieutenant, and was given charge of the brigade quartermaster's department for some months, and was also assigned as assistant commissary of subsistence of the brigade and di- vision, which responsible position he held for a year or more. At Culpeper he was appointed on Gen. \^'^arren's staff, and was assigned to the duty of issuing commissary supplies to detached troops at Warren's and Grant's headquarters, to the destitute, to loyal citizens, and to contrabands who followed in the wake of the army. He also had charge of the cattle of the 5th Corps, numbering a thousand head, and during battle issued fresh beef to the soldiers, and supplied the wounded in the hospitals on the bat- tlefield. On May 11, 1864, at the battle of Todd's Tavern, he issued twenty thousand rations to the wounded. When this battle was pending he was ordered to issue fresh beef to some of the troops at the front. A detail of men was sent from the in- trenchments, a hundred yards away, to take the beef and divide it. They were compelled to crawl along the ground, and could neither go back nor forward. Those in the intrenchments were compelled to lie down, and the beef of several cattle had to be aban- doned. During his three years as a soldier Capt. Evans was not absent from a single battle in which the troops to which he was attached were engaged ; this included Drainesville, the seven days fighting on the Peninsula, Fredericksburg, South Mountain, Antietam and the Wilderness. While not seeking danger, he always obeyed the orders of his superiors, and never required a subordinate to do an onerous or responsible duty while a battle was pending, but went himself and saw that his orders were executed. For meritorious conduct in the Wilderness cam- paign President Johnson commissioned him a brevet captain. With his regiment he returned to Harris- burg, and was mustered out of the service in July, 1864. In addition to his own service to his country, Capt. Evans and his wife each sent a substitute to the army, both of whom remained until the close of the war. In 1866 the Captain was again elected justice of the peace in Columbia, and he was re-elected to the office in 1872, 1877, 1884, 1889 and 1894, continuing to serve until 1900, since when he has been a notary public. In political affairs his interest is as keen as ever, but with advancing years he has been less ac- tive and more inclined to conservatism, though he has remained a stanch Republican. Capt. Evans is a member of Col. Welsh Post, No. 118, G. A. R.,- De- partment of Pennsylvania, and also affiliates with the following societies : Colonial Society,- Sons of the Revolution, Scotch-Irish Society, Maryland His- torical Society (corresponding member, with head- quarters at Baltimore), Harford County (Md.) Historical Society, Virginia Historical Society, and Lancaster Historical Society, of which latter he is vice-president. Industry and good management in his earlier years brought Capt. Evans a well deserved com- petency, in the expenditure of which he and his family have shown both judgment and common sense, as well as a keen appreciation of what is best in life. In 1852 the Captain married Miss Elizabeth Anderson, who died in the summer of 1855. In 1857 he was married to Miss Mary Shoch, a lady of German and Scotch-Irish stock. Mrs. Evans taught school for a number of years, and has always taken a deep interest in literary subjects and mat- ters of education generally. She is highly cultured, and is the author of many poetical writings of high merit. Like her husband, she has a decidedly pro- gressive disposition, and both occupy a high place among the citizens' of Columbia. Mr. and Mrs. Evans have but one surviving child. Miss Lilian Slaymaker Evans, who was born in Columbia, and now resides with her parents. She belongs to and takes a deep interest in the Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution. She was the first mem- ber of the Society from Pennsylvania, and stands No. 4T in the roll, which now contains forty thou- sand names. She organized the chapter of Donegal, and was its first regent, as she was of Witness Tree Chapter,, which she also organized. At the first meeting of the Continental Congress of the Society, which was held in Washington, D. C, Feb. 22, 1892, she was the youngest regent present. As ex-officio 10 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY regent Miss Evans has attended nearly all the meet- ings of the Continental Congress of the Society. She is also a member of the Society of Colonial Dames, and takes a deep interest in its meetings and projects. She is proud, as well she may be, of her Scotch-Irish lineage, and is a member of the Na- tional Scotch-Irish Society. JONATHAN MESSERSMITH FOLTZ, Sur- geon General of the United States Navy, was born in Lancaster, Pa., April 25, 1810, being the youngest son of Jonathan and Elizabeth Foltz of this city. His ancestors came from Prussia in 1755, and settled in Lancaster county. Pa. Receiving a thorough acad- emic education, he studied medicine with Dr. Wil- liam Thompson, and graduated from the Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, in 1830. On April 4, 1831, though not yet twenty-one years of age, he was commissioned an assistant surgeon in the navy, and soon after embarked upon the frigate "Potomac," for an expedition against the pirates of Sumatra, and a three years' cruise around the world. This expedition, under command of Commodore John Downs, attracted much attention at the time, and was completely successful, the fortified towns of the Mo- hammedan pirates being bombarded and taken by storm. Surgeon Foltz landed with the storming col- umn, and was warmlv commended in the report of Captain Shubrick as "active and zealous in the dis- charge of his duties, binding up and dressing the wounded under the fire of the enemy." Soon after his return from this cruise he published the medical statistics and observations upon it. Being stationed at the Washington navy yard from 1834 until 1838, he formed friendships with many of the noted men of the day, and was present at the memorable duel be- tween William C. Graves of Kentucky, and Jonathan Cilley of Maine, when the latter was killed. Dr. Foltz had tried to adjust the differences between the duelists, and only remained upon the scene from con- siderations of humanity, and in the hope that he might save life. In 1837 Yale College conferred upon him the honorary degree of Master of Arts, then seldom granted. In 1838 Dr. Foltz was commissioned past as- sistant surgeon, and appointed to the charge of the naval hospital then maintained at Port Mahon, on the island of Minorca, in the Mediterranean. Visit- ing Algiers enroute to his post, he met the French expedition against Abdel Kader, under the Duke of Orleans and the noted Captains Pelissier and Mc- Mahon, the latter afterward Marshal McMahon. He made a study of the "pernicious fever" as he found it in the French military hospitals, and published a notable monograph upon that disease, but his most successful literary and professional work was an essay published in 1843 after his return to America, and entitled "The Endemic Influence of Evil Gov- ernment, Illustrated in a View of the Climate, To- pography and Disease of the Island of Minorca." His next service was in the frigate "Raritan," as fleet surgeon in South American waters, and on the outbreak of the war with Mexico, when his vessel was ordered to the Gulf Coast, he applied for shore service, and was present at the battle of Palo Alto, assisting in the treatment of the wounded. At the battle of Resaca de la Palma, he cared for Major Ringgold when that gallant officer received his mortal' wound, and at the battles of Alverado and Tobasco- and the siege of Vera Cruz, he rendered efficient service. He published "A Report on Scorbutus," as it occurred in our fleet. He had written in 1842- a series of articles "On the Employment of Steam Ships of War in the United States Navy." These- articles were embodied in the report of the Secretary of the Navy, and they led directly to the building of our first steam war ships, the "Princeton," and the "Union." He next served in the "Jamestown" on the coast of Brazil, and at the Philadelphia Naval Asy- lum. During the administration of James Buchanan, he was stationed at the navv yard and naval hospital in Washington, and, having long been the intimate friend as well as medical adviser of the President, was in closest touch with the stirring events of the day. He was one of the partv which accompanied Buchanan to Washington shortly before his in- auguration, when they were all attacked by the mysterious "National Hotel disease," believed to have been an attempt to poison the president-elect. , On the breaking out of the Civil war he served first in the "Santee" and then in the "Niagara" of the Gulf squadron at the bombardment of Forts McCrea and Barancas, and was then appointed fleet surgeon of the Western Gulf squadron under Ad- miral Farragut. He established a hospital at Pilot Town, on board the "Hartford," took part in the bombardment of Forts Jackson and St. Philip, the capture of the Chalmette Fort, the fight at Vicks- burg, and all the naval battles of Admiral Farragut on the Mississippi, remaining attached to the "Hart- ford" as fleet surgeon for more than a year, and rendering valuable service in advising and directing measures for keeping yellow fever out of New Or- leans, and away from our naval and military forces. On May 8, 1862, when off Baton Rouge, Surgeon Foltz went in an open boat under fire to attend wounded, and on July 15th, during the fight with the ram "Arkansas," he performed a like service. He was freqriently commended in general orders and reports. He became a member of the Naval Med- ical Board in 1863, and in 1866 president of the Board. In 1867 he was chosen by Admiral Farra- gut to be fleet surgeon of the European squadron, with which that officer visited the great harbors of the Old World, and he accompanied the Admiral to the many audiences granted, and the splendid re- ceptions tendered by monarchs and potentates, in- cluding the Emperors of France and Russia. Re- turning to America in 1870, he again became presi- dent of the Medical Board, and on Oct. 25, 1871, was appointed by President Grant chief of the Bu- reau of Medicine and Surgery, and Surgeon General BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 11 of the Navy, with the relative rank of Commodore. He held these positions until April 25, 1872, when he reached the age fixed by law for retirement. In 1874 he was elected a vice-president of the Jefferson Medical College. His death occurred at his home in Philadelphia, April 12, 1877, and he is buried in the. Lancaster cemetery. Dr. Foltz married in 1854, Rebecca Steinman, daughter of John Frederick Steinman, of Lancastef, Pa., and had three sons, all of whom were living in 1902: Frederick Steinman, a captain in the 2d U. S. Cav., late captain of the port of Havana, Cuba, supervisor of police and chief of the Cuban secret service ; Charles Steinman, one of the editors of the Lancaster Intelligencer, treasurer of the Penn. Iron Co. ; and Dr. Jonathan Clinton, a practicing physi- cian of Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia. GEN. THOMAS WELSH (deceased). One of the military heroes whom the city of Columbia de- lights to honor is Gen. Thomas Welsh, whose bril- liant career during the Civil war was cut short by an untimely death. His name is perpetuated in G. A. R. post, No. 118, at Columbia, and the affectionate remembrance in which his name is held by his old comrades in arms is undimmed by lengthening years. He did valiant service in the Mexican war, and had participated gallantly for more than two years in the great national struggle of 1861-65 when death overtook him. Gen. Welsh was a native of Columbia. He was born in 1824, son of Charles and Nancy (Dougherty) Welsh, old residents of Columbia. He was a young man of twenty-three at the breaking out of the Mexi- can war. He entered as a private, and was assigned to Co. C, of the 2d Kentucky Foot Regiment. He , was promoted to first sergeant Feb. 23, 1847, ^^ the battle of Buena Vista he was severely wounded in the leg, and the preservation of both life and limb was due to the care of Dr. Blanton, surgeon in the regular army. On account of disability from wounds he was discharged as first sergeant June 11, 1847. Returning home for complete recovery, he was com- missioned in December, of the same year, second lieutenant of the nth United States Infantry, then in Mexico. He marched to Vera Cruz, and partici- pated in the sharp campaign under Gen. Scott. At the close of the war Lieut. Welsh resigned his com- mission and returned to civil life. He became a merchant at the Basin, and the owner of several canal boats. Pie was elected justice of the peace in 1856, and during Gov. Bigler's administration was appointed superintendent of the lock. When Fort Sumter was fired upon in April, i86r, a company of seventy-eight men was recruited at Columbia in one night for the three months' service, and on April 17, i86r, Lieut. Thorrias Welsh was elected captain of this company. Two days later it reported at Harrisburg for duty, and became a part of the I ith P. v. I. Capt. Welsh was commissioned lieutenant colonel. At the expiration of the three months' service Lieut. Col. Welsh assisted in the organization of the 4Sth P. V. I., for three years' service, of which he was commissioned colonel July 22, 1861. He participated in all the campaigns of the 9th Army Corps, and was a model and brilliant soldier. The regiment lost 145 men at the battle of South Mountain, Sept. 16, 1862, and thirty at An- tietam. Col. Welsh was promoted to brigadier- general March 13, 1863, and in that capacity partici- pated in the Mississippi campaigns. After the sur- render of Gen. Pemberton, and while his command was being transferred to the East, Gen. Welsh died at Cincinnati, Aug. 14, 1863, of disease contracted during the investment of Vicksburg. His death was a shock not only to his own brigade and to his many friends at home, but to innumerable friends of the Union cause, to whom his brilliant and patriotic career had become a pride and inspiration. A family of five, a son and four daughters, re- mained to mourn him. Gen. Welsh had married at Columbia, Oct. 25, 1850, Miss Annis F. Young, who was born at Wrightsville, Lancaster county, in 1831, daughter of Samuel and Elizabeth (Kline) Young, of New England ancestry. She was a charter mem- ber of the Lutheran Church of Columbia, and died Feb. 23, 1894. Both are buried in Mount Bethel cemetery. The children born to Gen. and Mrs. Welsh are as follows : Alice ; Mary Y., principal of the Columbia high school ; Effie ; Addie, who died at the age of two years; Lilian, a physician of Balti- more, Md. ; and Lieut. Blanton C, who graduated from West Point, m 1882, and in October, 1885, married Miss Emily Benson, of New York. He is now a retired army officer at Montclair, N. J., and has a son named for the distinguished and honored father. WILLIAM AUGUSTUS ATLEE, first Presi- dent Judge of the Second Judicial District of Penn- sylvania, came of ancient and honorable lineage. He was one of three (some accounts say five) children born to William Atlee, of Fordhook House, England, who, contrary to the wishes of his family, married Jane Alcock, a cousin of William Pitt, and maid of honor to the Queen of England. The match was a clandestine one, and the j'oung couple sailed for America (he in the capacity of secretary to Lord Howe), landing at Philadelphia, in July, 1734. Judge Atlee, the oldest child of his father, was born in Philadelphia July i, 1735. His father died in that city in 1744. His mother, acting under the advice of her husband's friend, Edward Shippen, Esq., removed to Lancaster with her young family! and when of a suitable age, William Augustus read law in the office of Mr. Shippen. In 1758 he was admitted to the Bar, and his abilities were such that he rose rapidly in his profession, and in a few years was one of the foremost lawyers in the State. He also took an active part in local affairs, and on Sept. IS, 1770, was elected chief burgess of the borough of Lancaster, and he was elected three times subse- 12 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY quently to the same position. While acting in that capacity, so important and valuable were his services esteemed by his associates, that at a meeting of the burgesses held March i6, 1774, "was taken into con- sideration the many services Mr. Atlee had done for the corporation in penning and preparing the above law to be laid before the Assembly, drawing the draught of the borough, waiting on the Assembly with the bill, and other services, and he refusing to accept a draught on the treasurer, or any other satis- faction for the same, it is therefore unanimously agreed (he having retired at the request of the other gentlemen present), that Messrs. Henry, Lowman and Hopson have some piece of plate made such as agreeable to Mrs. Atlee, genteel and not too expen- sive, and present the same to her as a testimony of their approbation of Mr. Atlee's conduct in serving the borough." The act of the Assembly to which reference has just been rhade was "for regulating the buildings, keeping in repair the streets, lanes and alleys, high- ways, etc., in the borough of Lancaster." The com- mittee appointed to procure the testimonial attended to the duty assigned them, and in the report of the borough treasurer, presented on June 29, 1776, the following item occurs :. "May 16, by cash to Charles Hall for a silver tea Sett as a present to Mr. Atlee, for his trouble relative to the Borough Law, ii4, 5s.. od." The first demonstration in the Revolutionary struggle made in this county was at a meeting held at the court house on' Wednesday, June 15, 1774, in pursuance to a call received from Philadelphia by Mr. Atlee, and published by him. Strong sentiments against further imports from and exports to Britain •were expressed, and he with a number of other prominent citizens were constituted a committee to further these aims. He was one of the deputies sent from Lancaster countv to the convention called at Philadelphia on July 15th, and he was one of the members of the committee appointed by that con- vention to prepare a long and elaborate draft of in- structions to the Representatives, which were soon to meet in General Assemblv to appoint persons to attend a congress of deputies from all the Colonies. The Continental Congress assembled soon thereafter in Carpenter's Hall, Philadelphia, and among other things recommended the election of "Committees of Observation." Mr. Atlee was one of the members of the Committee elected to represent Lancaster borough. During the stirring times that followed, no man was more active in the good cause than he. He had been chosen as chairman of the local committee of safety, and as such his duties were both arduous and incessant. He was in constant communication with President Reed and other State officials. The dan- gerous number of prisoners kept here, their plans for escape, the condition of the' barracks, were fruitful themes, and required unremitting care and attention. But Mr. Atlee seems to have been the right man in the right place, and to have discharged the duties of his position in a way to deserve the approbation of those at the head of affairs. In May, 1777, he was one of the committee of thirteen appointed by the war office to supply the army with blankets and other supplies, for Lancaster county. On Aug. 16, 1777, he received from the Supreme Executive Council of the State, the ap- pointment of second Judge of the Supreme Court o£ Pennsylvania, his associates being Thomas McKean, who later was thrice elected Governor of the Com- monwealth, and John Evans. During the years 1777 and 1778 he also held the position of Commissary of the British prisoners confined at Lancaster, an office that was attended with many cares and annoy- ances, and required unremitting attention. But the State and county had still further need of his services after the struggle for independence was over. On Aug. 19, 1784, he was reappointed as a Judge of the Supreme Court. In November, 1789, he was sent from this county as a delegate to the convention held in Philadelphia, to amend the State Constitution framed in 1776. On Aug. 17, 1791, he was appointed the President Judge of the newly es- tablished Second Judicial District, composed of the counties of Chester, Lancaster, York and Dauphin, a position he held imtil the day of his death, Sept. 9, 1793. P'ew names in our local history stand forth more conspicuously or more deservedly than that of Judge William Augustus Atlee. He was equally distinguished as a citizen, a lawyer, a patriot and a Judge. Like his illustrious brother. Colonel Samuel J. Atlee, he was an ardent advocate of the inde- pendence of the Colonies, and his services to the cause were many and continuous throughout the entire war. The numerous public positions to which he was elected and appointed show the confidence and esteem in which he was held by his fellow citizens. He deserved tliat confidence for he was a man of the highest integrity. His career on the Bench was both able and successful. He appears to have been endowed with many of the requirements for that exalted position, integrity, legal learning and sound judgment. In his capacity as a member of the Su- preme Court of the State during the formative period of our jtidicial history, he rendered most efficient service in laying its foundations deep and strong, and it has been noted that the opinions pronounced during his term of service on the Bench show a v/onderful unanimity on the part of the incumbents ; so much so that Lord Mansfield, one of the most eminent of English Judges, in referring to the Courts' decisions as recorded in the official reports of that period, remarked that "They do credit to the Court, the Bar and the Reporter. They show readiness in practice, liberality in principle, strong reason and legal learning." Judge Atlee is said to have been a man of great affability, of an attractive and win- ning personality, in whom the sense of right and duty was strongly developed, and of unquestioned integrity. He also appears to have escaped the carp- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 13 ing censure of political enemies and critics to a de- gree quite unusual in those days. From his first entrance into public life in 1770, until his death, a period of almost a quarter of a century, he possessed the respect and confidence of his fellow citizens, in an unusual degree. It is highly gratifying to reflect that the same confidence has in a long measure been enjoyed by his successors. JUDGE JOHN JOSEPH HENRY, the second of the President Judges of this district, was born in Lancaster Nov. 4, 1758. His father, William Henry, was a celebrated inventor and a gunsmith by profes- sion, holding a number of important positions on the patriot side during the Revolutionary war. Young Henry was early brought into close relations with men eminent in that struggle, and his military ardor was so aroused at being denied the privilege of en- listing as a soldier, that while still a youth of seven- teen, he ran away and made his way to Boston, where the first Continental Army was assembling. Here he joined the fatal expedition of General Arnold against Quebec, and went through all the sufiEerings and horrors of that campaign, and here were sown the seeds of disease which later made him an invalid for life. He wrote a very full history of that expe- dition, which was published the year after his death. Being exchanged he returned home, after a long im- prisonment, still longing to be a soldier, but his health would not permit. He bound himself as a clerk in the oflice of John Hubley, Esq., prothonotary, mean- while reading law and improving a defective edu- cation. In 1785 he was admitted to the Bar, and at once began the practice of his profession. In 1793, upon the death of Judge Atlee, he was appointed President Judge of this district, being only thirty- five years old. But while bright prospects opened •for him professionally, disease laid its hand heavily upon him, and sometimes rendered him incapable of holding the regular terms of his Court. He, how- ever, continued to hold his commission until 18 10, when he resigned it, after having been on the Bench seventeen years. He died April 15, 181 1. WALTER FRANKLIN, third President Judge of this district, although born a few years prior to the outbreak of the struggle with the mother country, was still too young to share in the war of independ- ence. He was born in the city of New York, at which place his father was living at the time, in February, 1773. His father having removed to Philadelphia while Walter was still in his minority, he began his career in the latter place by entering a law office, and was admitted to practice in 1794, at the early age of twenty-one years. He must have attracted attention from the beginning, as in 1809 he received the ap- pointment of Attorney General of Pennsylvania from Gov. Simon Snyder. He held that office two years, until 181 1, when. Judge Henry having died, he was raised to the Bench by an appointment as President Judge of the Second Judicial District of Pennsyl- vania, consisting at that time of the counties of Lan- caster, York and Dauphin, and to which Cumberland and Lebanon were subsequently added. He held this position until his death, Feb. 7, 1838, after a con- tinuous service of twenty-seven years. Judge Franklin was thoroughly identified with all the interests of his adopted city He did not con- fine his attention to the affairs of his office only, but took part in all that was going on around him. He was an early advocate of the liberation of slaves, and presided at an anti-slavery meeting held in this city in November, 1819. His rank among his judi- cial brethren in the State was high. As a citizen he was correct in his deportment, courteous and digni- fied in his bearing, and a favorite with the people among whom his lot was cast. He was the founder of a family of lawyers, and some of them, are with us still. JUDGE ORESTES COLLINS, of whom but little is known or remembered, became President Judge of the District by the appointment of Governor Joseph Ritner, Aug. 8, 1836. He resigned on Dec. 26, 1838, and was re-commissioned on Dec. 27th of the same year, and was removed by a decision of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania in July, 1839. JUDGE BENJAMLNi CHAMPNEYS, fifth of the President Judges of the Second Judicial District of this State, was a native of Bridgeton, Cumberland Co., N. J., born in 1800. His ancestors emigrated from England to New Jersey along with John Fen- wick, the grantee of that province, in 1675, and played an important part in its early history. Judge Champ- neys's father removed to this State, was educated at the University of Pennsylvania, and was a surgeon, on the frigate "Philadelphia," while that vessel was commanded by Commodore Decatur. Benjamin Champneys was prepared for college by private tutors, and ent ed the Sophomore class at Princeton, passing through the Junior year, and leaving upon his father's death. Upon leaving col- lege he entered upon the sttidy of the law in the office oi Chief Justice Ewing, of New Jersey, but subse- quently came to Lancaster, where he entered the law office of George B. Porter, Esq., who afterward be- came Governor of the Territory of Michigan. At the conclusion of his student days he was admitted to the Lancaster Bar April 2, 1818, at the early age of eighteen years. Owing to several important cases conducted by him, he at once assumed an important position at the Bar. Being then a stanch Democrat, he was nominated by that party for the State Legis- lature in 1825 and elected, and re-elected in 1828. Governor David R. Porter appointed him Presi- dent Judge of the Courts of this county July 8, 1839, ^nd he remained on the Bench three and a half years, when, having been nominated by the Demo- cratic County Convention for the place of State Senator, he resigned in order to enter upon his can- vass. Pie was elected in 1842, and served the full 14 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY period of three years. In 1846 Governor Shenk ap- pointed him Attorney General of the State, and he discharged the duties of the office until 1848. Judge Champneys continued his affiliations with the Democratic party until the outbreak of the Civil war, when his patriotism led him to range himself with the friends of the Union, and thereafter he was a sturdy Republican. His new political friends sent him to the State Legislature in 1863, and to the State Senate in 1864, 1865 and 1866. That was the last public positon held by him. Judge Champneys is the earliest of our President Judges remembered by the present generation. His well known face and figure, his genial personality and his courtly manners are well remembered by men of middle age. As an advocate he was eloquent, as a Judge, able and upright, and as a citizen, everything that is best in citizenship. JUDGE ELLIS LEWIS, sixth in the regular or- der of succession of the President Judges of this dis- trict, was a native Pennsylvanian, born in Lewisber- ry, York county. May 16, 1798. He was of Welsh descent, his ancestors having come from Wales in 1 708. Although at one time in affluent circumstances, his father lost his estate, and young Ellis was thrown on his own resources. He became a printer's apprentice, and studied law while learning his trade. At the age of twenty-four he was admitted to practice, and rose rapidly in his profession. He was twice elected to the State Legislature, in 1828 and 1832. In 1833 he received the appointment of Attorney General of the Commonwealth from Gov- ernor Wolf, and in the same year was tendered and accepted the positon of President Judge of the Eighth Judicial District (Northumberland county). In 1843 he was appointed to the same office in the Second District, which place he held until 1851, when he was elected a Justice of the Supreme Court of the State, and was Chief Justice from 1854 to 1857. He was renominated by the Democratic party, but de- clined the honor. Judge Lewis was a sound lawyer, noted for his knowledge of Medical Jurisprudence, which won for him the degree of M. D., from the University of Pennsylvania, and the degree of LL. D. from several other institutions. He was the author of a legal treatise, and his decisions while on the Bench have won for him a high standing among our Judges. He died at Philadelphia March 19, 1871. JUDGE HENRY GRIMLER LONG was the first President Judge of pure German ancestry. His paternal grandfather, Nicholas Long, was born at Levenbrucken, Bavaria, and came to America in 1754, settling in Lancaster. His father was Jacob Long, an officer in the Revolutionary war, and a suc- cessful business man of this city. Judge Long was born Aug. 23, 1804, and his literary education was that of the schools of the day. He read law with George B. Porter, who was one of the leading mem- bers of the Bar of the State, and was admitted to the practice of his profession in 1827. He was elected county solicitor soon after he began his career at the Bar, and was re-elected to that position for a period of twenty years. Almost at the same time he was ap- pointed by the prothonotary of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, assistant prothonotary for the Sec- ond Judicial District, then comprising the counties of Lancaster, York, Berks, Dauphin, Lebanon and Schuylkill counties. In the fall of 1838 he was elected a member of the State Legislature. In 1857 the Judiciary of the State became elective, having previously been selected by the Governors. Mr. Long had been suggested as a candidate, con- trary to his desire, by his friends, but he desired his name not to be considered. At the Whig convention in 185 1 he was unanimously nominated without his consent. He served the ten years of his term' most acceptably, and in i86r, political changes having oc- curred, he was nominated a second time by the Peo- ple's party, and again elected, and served the full term, retiring from the Bench Dec. 4, 1871. Judge Long by his legal earnings and by inher- itance acquired a large estate. By his will he made provisions in certain contingencies for the erection of a Home for Needy Women, and also for a public park for the city of Lancaster, devoting more than $500,000 to these purposes. The death of his only daughter, Catharine H. Long, a few years ago, has made the sum left to these public benefactions avail- able, and both projects are at present moving for- ward to their consummation. Judge Long died March 5, 1889. HENRY GEIST was born in Bart township, Lancaster county, Nov. 13, 1782, son of Simon Geist, who emigrated from Germany in 1750, and he died June 29, 1858, in the seventy-sixth year of his age. He was united in marriage to Agnes Mc- Cready, who died in 1832. In early life he assisted his father in managing his large farm, and becoming overheated in the harvest field, he sat down in the barn "to cool off," during a shower, contracted a cold which settled in his eyes, resulting in total blindness. His case was a remarkable illustration of how nature compensates for the loss of one sense in the more exquisite development of the others. When this misfortune overtook him he had a wife and five small children depending upon him for support. Thus thrown upon his own resources his future looked discouraging indeed, but he did not despair. His Christian training had taught him to believe, with Laurence Sterne, that "God tempers the wind to the shorn lamb." His parents deeded him a small farm "in consideration of the natural love and af- fection they have and bear unto the said Henrv Geist, their son," on which they built a modest home, the same being now in the possession, by inheritance, of his grandson, Henry Martin Geist. Nature had endowed the afflicted man with rare musical and mechanical instincts, and these he in- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 15 dustriously cultivated. He was an expert performer on the violin, and after he lost his sight that which had been indulged in merely as a pleasure became one of the means of supporting his family. In those days big annual fairs were held in "the shire town" of Lancaster, at which the prominent feature was dancing, continuing for several days, and in which every section of the county was represented. Mr. Geist became the leading violinist on those occasions, and his services were also in demand at dancing parties held in other sections in connection with sleighing carnivals, then more common than now. The musician was then "paid by the tune," the cur- rency being "fips," "levies" and "quarters." His sense of touch had become so acute that it was im- possible to impose a spurious coin upon him, although it was often tried, sometimes by friends as a test, but in some instances by those mean enough to try to cheat a blind man. These he invariably detected and exposed, and they were generally summarily ejected from the room. On one occasion the Farmers' Bank of Lancaster received a counterfeit half-dollar which the oii&cers declared was calculated to deceive the best judges. The late Joseph McCIure, who chanced to be present, said, "We have a blind man in our neighborhood upon whom you couldn't pass that coin !" The bankers were incredulous and a wager was the result. Mr. McClure was to bring his blind expert to town, and the party losing was to bear the expenses of the trip. Several genuine coins were placed on the counter with the counterfeit. Passing several as genuine he detected the counter- feit as soon as he got it in his fingers. This sensitive touch also served him in judging the quality of textile goods, and in the various mechanical occu- pations he followed. It enabled him to plane a board as level and smooth as one with his sight, his fingers following the rriovement of the plane each backward stroke. In those days thatched roofs were in vogue. Mr. Geist took up this trade, and there were few straw roofs in the neighborhood that had not been made or lepaired by him. The late Jacob Eshleman, passing by one day when he was working on the roof of a large barn, begged Eim to come down, fearing he might fall, and finally offered to pay him the price of the job if he would do so. But he assured his friend that he was not so liable to fall as one with his sight, be- cause, conscious of his danger, he was more cautious in his movements and was not liable to vertigo from looking down. He never met with an accident in this, or in any of the occupations in which he had oc- casion to handle all kinds of edge tools. Another occupation he took up was dressing flax and weaving it into cloth. All the farmers raised flax and had it converted into cloth for everyday wear. Mr. Geist built for himself a little shop in front of the barn, invented a rotarv machine, operated by treadle, for "scutching" the flax after it had been ■"broken," by means of which he could do as much work in a dav as three men could do bv the old hand process. He also, with the aid of his brothers-in- law, Mark Brooke (wagonmaker) and George Fogle (cabinet-maker), erected a loom for weaving carpets, and, subsequently, another for tow-cloth and linen and taught his daughters to operate them, doing much of the weaving of the neighborhood. Every- body then wore "tow" or "flax" cloth for summer wear. In the winter season he took up shoemaking, a trade he had learned in his youth. When he had difficulty, in consequence of nervousness, in inserting the "wax-ends" in sewed shoe-work, he had his youngest son sit beside him with his lesson book in hand, and it was in this way that the editor of The New Era got most of his primary education. He also worked at carpentry, and built a frame addition to his house on a novel plan of his own designing, which attracted much attention at the time. While framing this building under the shade of the cherry trees, his son pursued his studies and helped his father in handing him the tools as needed. He could build as good a post-and-rail fence, when given the starting and terminal points, as most men having the use of their eyes, and when a two or three rail fence was to be supplemented with a base of dry stone masonry he was equal to the task. One of his spe- cialties was making wheelbarrows, which, though not as highly finished, were more durable than those turned out of the modern shops. He did all the work on them except the ironing. He was handy in all domestic affairs. Being an early riser, he made the fire, fed the cow and pigs, pared the apples at the annual "butter bee" (on a machine of his own construction), dressed the sausage skins at butcher- ing time, and did many other chores required about a country home in those days. Those who saw him about his work, or traveling through the neighbor- hood, would not infer that he was blind, so natural were his movements. The Rev. Dr. Easton, who had been his pastor for over thirty years, wrote of him that "in the loss of one of the noblest sources of earthly enjoyment he ever justified God. All acquainted with him were constrained to bear witness to his meekness and pa- tience. And those who witnessed will never forget his emotions when, the day before he died, the pre- cious words of his own covenant with God were re- peated, how feelingly he manifested his acquiescence in their truth." COL. MATTHIAS SLOUGH, like so many of the influential men of Lancaster county, came of German ancestry. Whether born in this country or abroad is not known. He came to this place with- his father in 1747, a lad of fourteen years of age. The father, J-acob Slough, bought several lots in the southeast angle of Center Square, and on them is thought to have built the "Swan Tavern," so fa- mous in the after history of the city. As early as 1761 young Slough became the land- lord of the "Swan." It was the beginning of a pub- lic career that lasted during the succeeding forty 16 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY years, making Col. Slough one of the most prom- inent men in the county and well known abroad. The first office of public trust held by him was that of County Coroner, in 1755, and he retained it un- til 1768. In 1757 he was elected as assistant bur- gess of the town, and was re-elected to the same position in 1758, 1760 and 1761. That he was an intelligent man, and a patron of education, is shown by his having been a charter member of the Lancas- ter Library Co., in 1759. Strange as it may seem, he was also treasurer of the county from 1763 to 1769, holding the office of coroner and treasurer at the same time. It was in 1763, while he was cor- oner, that the massacre of the friendly Indians took place in the public workhouse by the "Paxton Boys," who rode into the town, put up their horses in the "Swan" stables, and then carried out their infernal work. It was also at the "Swan" that the unfortunate fracas between Capt. Chambers and Dr. Reiger occurred, which resulted in a duel and the death of the former. Col. Slough was an early member of the Union Fire Co., in 1764. In 1773 he was elected to the State Legislature; he was re-elected in 1774, 1775, ■ "^777 > 1780, 1 78 1, 1782 and 1783. A man of his local prominence was certain to be found at the front when the Revolutionary war began. He was a prominent member of the first public meeting called in the county, in June, 1774, to protest against the offensive acts of the mother country, and was one of the committee on public correspondence. He was one of the eight deputies chosen from Lancas- ter county to represent her in the State convention at Philadelphia July 15, 1775. In the same ySar he placed his entire stock of powder— four quarter casks and 200 pounds of lead — at the service of the State. He was present at the military convention held in Lancaster July 4, 1776, to vote for general officers to command the military forces of Pennsyl- vania. He was elected colonel of the Seventh Lan- caster County Battalion, one of the thirteen raised in this county. He joined the Flying Camp in New Jersey with his troops in the summer of 1776. His command took part in the battle of Long Island, on August 27th, of the same year. Later it was on duty guarding Hessian prisoners confined at Lan- caster and Lebanon. In 1777 he was appointed by the War Office one of the commissioners to supply the State troops with shoes, blankets and other sup- plies. At the close of the war for Independence, he re- sumed his former occupations, of innkeeper and general merchant. He became a member of Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M., of Lancaster, in 1794. He was also largely interested in stage lines about this time, running coaches from Lancaster to Philadelphia three times weekly, and westward to Shippensburg. In 1797 he is found exercising the office of deputy postmaster in the borough of Lancaster. In 1782 he along with several other prominent citizens, was elected a curator of an academy which had been es- tablished two years previously. Col. Slough was a man of considerable wealth. In addition to being the owner of the "Swan Tav- ern," he held much other real estate. His lands be- gan at Witmer's Bridge over the Conestoga, and extended along that river a considerable distance toward Graeff's landing. He had a mill on the site of the old water works, southeast of the city. In 1799 he sold to the directors of the Poor of the County what is today known as the Poor House Farm, for £3,129, 7s, i6d. During the Revolution- ary war he was the agent for the purchase of horses for the French atjxiliary forces serving in this country. He was also one of the projectors of the Philadelphia & Lancaster turnpike, the first turn- pike built in this country, and superintended the construction of the most western section. Col. Slough was the father of a large family, seven sons and four daughters. His wife was Mary Gibson, daughter of Col. George Gibson. This George Gibson was the son of the Gibson who kept the first public tavern in Lancaster, with the noted hickory tree before the door. One of Col. Slough's daughters, Mary, became the wife of Gov. Simon Snyder, of Pennsylvania. Most of his children having removed to Harrisburg he joined them there in 1806. He died in that city Sept. 12, 1812, in the seventy-ninth year of his age.— [F. R. D. HON. MARRIOTT BROSIUS, LL. D., was born in Colerain township, Lancaster county, March 7, 1843, on the western bank of the East Branch of the Octoraro. The old homestead yet retains the dignity of the farmhouse and is now a place of his- toric interest, where By sylvan dell, through meadows green, The flood of the East Branch is seen, Around the brae, through painted lea, Seeking a passage to the sea, The swelling tide flows ever on. By glen and brake till race is won; Where, mingling with the salted wave, Returns unto the springs which gave. There, in one of the richest agricultural districts in southern Lancaster county, in a community com- posed largely of Friends and Free Presbyterians, all of whom were intensely anti-slavery in sentiment, the boyhood days of Mr. Brosius were passed. During these years he acquired the habit of industry and developed a love for knowledge which continued with him during his entire life, often burning the midnight oil when preparing for some great effort. Henry Brosius, his paternal great-grandfather, came from England and settled near Philadelphia in 1780. He was a member of the Society of Friends. His son Mahlon, the paternal grandfather of Mar-_ riott Brosius, settled on the east bank of the East' Branch of the Octoraro and established a pottery. He was an upright, conscientious gentleman, and ^VT^-^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 17 exemplified the. teachings of Georg'e Fox in his -daily walk and life. Clarkson Brosius, father of the late Congressf man Marriott Brosius, was a leader in his com- munity, and although for years incapacitated phy- sically yet he was foremost in every good work for the elevation of his fellowmen. He was a thorough gentleman, and devoted to his calling, that of farm- ing. He was methodical, scientific and enterprising, and ranked high as a model farmer. He was largely instrumental, in 1856, in organizing the Octoraro Farmers' Club, which gaye an impetus to higher farming in soutbern Lancaster and Chester counties. Clarkson Brosius died Oct. 8, 1863. His last thoughts were of his boy far away on the firing line. The entire community was grief stricken at his un- timely death. On the matarnal side Mr. Brosius's great-grand- father was Samojel Hambleton, a consistent reforma- tory Friend. His sons were Samuel, Charles, Eli and Thomas. Samuel was the father of Rachel, the mother of Mr. Brosius. Each of the other sons of Samuel, Sr., offered their only sons to their country's cause. Gerrit Smith, son of Thomas, died in the service. Charles Burleigh, son of Charles, was seri- ously wounded ; he now resides in Atglen, Chester Co., Pa. Benjamin Kent, uncle of Mr. Brosius, tendered three sons that our nation might live. Mahlon G. Brosius, yoimger brother of Clarkson Brosius, was also in the service ; he is now one of the most enterprising citizens of Chester county. From the above we may learn that Mr. Brosius's patriot- ism was not only cultivated but hereditary. The mother of Mr. Brosius died when he was seven years old, and two years afterward Mary Ann Brinton became his stepmother, and how well she performed a mother's part is attested on every side. Her testimony is that Marriott was ever dutiful and self-denying for the happiness of the other members of the family. Mr. Brosius's early school days were passed in Octoraro and Chestnut Hill Academies, under the tutorage of the veteran teacher, Thomas Baker, who early predicted him a glorious future. His summers were passed in manual farm labor, and under his father's direction superintending the hands employed. With a dictionary in his pocket and some favorite classical author in his hand, his time for rest was spent in study. The study of political economy had a decided fascination for him, and he was authority on all national issues. When the war of the Rebellion was inaugurated then our young student farmer became restless. A conflict raged within his bosom, between his duty to his in-, valid parents and his duty to his country. The su- premacy was won by his unqualified patriotism, and he obtained his parents' permission to enlist at a heart-breaking cost. He was enrolled in Co. K, 97th Regiment Pa. Vols., recruited by Capt. Wayne, grandson of "Mad Anthony" Wayne, the celebrated major general in the Revolutionary army. He was of Irish-Quaker ancestry. Mr. Brosius's history in the service is summed up by his colonel, Henry R.- Guss, afterward Gen. Guss, who says : "Mr. Bros- ius's record is linked and written with the 97th Regt.,. in whose rolls his name was inscribed in 1861. Its- history is his history and its fame is his fame and its- glorious deeds are the sum of the faithful brave deeds of the men who with him went forth at the call of this country to do battle for the preservation of the life of the nation. Among the most earnest yet quiet and unobtrusive in all his actions was Marriott Brosius. From the day of his enlistment in the ser- vice until stricken down by the bullet of the enemy he was ever at his post of duty, active and vigilant as a sentinel, brave and courageous in line of battle. He was regarded as a model soldier as well from the force of culture that indicated the perfect gentle-: man as from the exact fulfillment of duty that indi- cated the trained veteran soldier." In the above few lines his war record is summed up. Aside from special acts it is complete. During the terrible charge on May 20, 1864, at Bermuda Hundred, which rivaled Pickett's charge at Gettysburg, the 97th Regiment, 300 strong, charged across the wheat- fields upon 2,000 Confederates, Pickett's Division, protected by rilie pits. Mr. Brosius was struck in the breast by a rifle ball which imbedded itself in his diary. After charging up to within twenty-five yards of the rifle pits and losing 237 men, killed, wounded and missing, the recall was sounded. In the retreat Mr. Brosius stooped to assist a fallen comrade from the field, when a minie ball entered near the spine, and, passing between the ribs and shoulder blade, crashed through the right shoulder joint. Sergt. Brosius was confined to the hospital for eight months, three months of which time he could not be moved in bed. After the removal of the shoulder joint and a portion of the arm bone the wound healed but his arm ever after was comparatively useless. During all these months he bore his sufi^'erings with Chris- tian fortitude — no murmuring, no repining, he was ever cheerful and resigned. In February, 1865, Sergt. Brosius was promoted to a lieutenancy, al- though he had been mustered out of service for dis- ability the previous December. After his return to civil life Lieut. Brosius en- tered Millersville State Normal School, where he re- mained two sessions. After teaching a short time in Chester county, he entered the office of the late Hon. Thomas E. Franklin to study law. He also matricu- lated in the Law Department of Ann Arbor, and graduated therefrom m April, 1868, and was imme- diately admitted to the Lancaster County Bar. For two years he was State lecturer for the I. O. G. T., after which term he devoted his time exclusively to the practice of law. When attending the Millers- ville Normal School he became acquainted with Miss Elizabeth Jackson Coates, a daughter of Simmons Coates, of West Grove, Chester county. Mr. Coates was of the distinguished Coates family of Chester county ; he was a man of high standing in his com- munity, educated and cultivated and prominent in 18 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the Society of Friends. The acquaintance of Mr. Brosius and Miss Coates soon ripened into the strongest mutual attachment, with the usual result, and shortly after he was admitted to the Lancaster Bar she became his wife, and no more congenial union was ever formed. Four daughters blessed their union, two of whom are living: Gertrude, wife of Herbert B. Coho, of New York (they have two children, Gertrude and Helen Elisabeth) ; and Grace, who married Clement Biddle, Jr., of the Carnegie Iron Works, Pittsburg, Pa. Luretta R. died aged six years, and Florence died aged nineteen months. Mrs. Brosius contributed largely to her husband's successful career. His modest, retiring, unassuming nature required some one to lean upon m his many trials and tribulations, and at these times she cheered and comforted him and he learned to' rely upon her wise counsel. She never doubted her husband's ability to distinguish himself. She knew his capabilities better than anyone else, and had fondly hoped for the realization of her waking- dreams.. The home life of the Brosius family at No. 419 West Orange street, Lancaster, was happiness personified, each member of the household contrib- uting to the happiness of the others ; gentleness and love permeated the entire atmosphere. The love for the good and beautiful was promoted by the esthetic surroundings. Mr. Brosius once said to a friend of his youth that the highest encomium ever paid to him was by his daughter, who said, "Papa, we never saw you angry." Mr. Brosius's career at the Bar, and the high esteem in vv^hich he was held by his associates, has been so beautifully portrayed in authoritative classic language that we introduce in this place the address of W. F. Beyer, Esq., at a meeting of the Lancaster Bar to adopt memorial resolutions regarding the death of Mr. Brosius, which occurred on the 17th of March, 1901. Mr. Beyer in part said: Mr. Chairman : In common with other of hia as- sociates, I desire to add the testi.tnony of my appreciation of the life and manly qualities of our late associate, the Hon. Marriott Brosius. We were born on adjoining farms that our respective fathers owned, in Colerain township, and, although he was a dozen years my senior, I knew him' and his family from earliest childhood. When I camie to Lancaster, leaving the Laiw School, he took me into his office for the few weeks preceding my examination and admission to the Bar, and afterward aided me in my early practice. For twenty years our 'homes have been on the same side of the same square in this city, where our families have met and grown up together. Never once during these more than forty years has a single unpleasant incident strained the chain of early friendship, but its links have rather grown brighter with the constant social intercourse of recurring years. I will not rehearse the story of his army life, which has frequently been printed, and is a matter of history. Let us pass to his career at this Bar, where his industry and ability, the thoroughness with which he prepared his cases, his uniform courtesy and fairness, will long be re- miembered. He loved public questions^, but 'he was not a politician in the miodern sense. Those of us who were with him in his first campaign for Congress at the primary election in 1888 know that he had no combination back of him, as we now understand the word, but that he went before the people, and the people of this great county chose him gladly, and they have chosen him ever since. There have been many vile stories of our local politics, some true and some false, in the past thirteen years, but none of them' in the remotest degree has ever been associated with, his good name. The bitterness of defeat often moves the tongue to slander, but in this case no sound has 'been heard. As a member of Congress, he rapidly rose to promi- nence, and it may truly be said that this county never had a more industrious, careful and conscientious representa- tive. For some years he has held the chairmanship of the Committee on Banking and Currency, one of the most important commuttees in the House, and there, as at home, he has proven himself a thoroughly honest man. It fell to his lot to shape the legislation affecting the money of a nation of 70,000,000 people, under which a large portion of the Government bonds were refunded at a lower rate and the National banking system practically reorganized, the ■whole involving hundreds of millions', yet not a dishonest dollar stuck to his fingers. And now the end has come in the miidst of his usefulness. He was one of the people, and the whole people mourn him, while we, his intimate associates, will dherish his memory as that of the noblest type of man. Justice J. Hay Brown, of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, said : The virtues of our dead friend and brother have been justly extolled by those who have spoken and it is not needful that I should longer dwell upon them. But if I do not speak of them it is not because any other man's, appreciation of them' was higher. In every relation of life he was exemplary and from the beginning to the end he was pure and his hands were clean. His good qualities ought to be remembered here and recalled from time to time in order that they may be emulated. As a citizen, soldier, lawyer, statesman, husband and father he was pure, brave, successful, able, affectionate and God fearing. More than this cannot 'be said of mortal being, and though he fell at his work w'hen the rays of the day's sun were still shining upon him and before the shades of eventide had gathered about him, his life was not lived in vain. In 1882 Mr. Brosius, a delegate in the Republican State Convention, in the midst of a factional con- test, made a speech in favor of harmony in which he said : "I love my party better than any wing or faction of it and only less than my country," which so carried the convention that he was by acclaim nominated for a Congressman at large, but was de- feated, although he ran seventy-six hundred ahead of the others on the Republican ticket. In 1888, after an exciting contest, he was elected as the Republican candidate to represent the Tenth District in Con- gress : almost without opposition he was nominated and elected in 1890, 1892, 1894, 1896, 1898, 1900. His death left a vacancy in the LVIIth Congress, where he had only entered upon his term a few days previously. It was no easy task to follow Stevens and Smith as the representatives of Lancaster county in the National Congress — the grandest district in our na- tion, and whose representatives had always taken a leading part in shaping National legislation, yet Mr. Brosius soon secured respectful consideration from that body and was frequently selected by his party members to lead the discussion in the House of Representatives in consequence of his clear con- ception, persuasive rhetoric and faultless diction in BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 19 presenting the subject under consideration. His fame as an orator was not confined to Congressional halls, it was only bounded by our National confines, and he was eagerly sought for to deliver memorial addresses in our National cemeteries and other places. In 1876 he delivered the Centennial address in Lancaster. On Sept. 18, 1888, he delivered the oration at the unveiling of the monument on the Antietam battlefield. He also delivered the oration on the dedication of the Ross monument, in Lancas- ter City ; the address on the occasion of the dedica- tion of the monument in memory of the Revolution- ary patriots who lie buried at Donegal, Pa. ; on the battlefield of Gettysburg, 1896; and many others, but space will not permit the enumeration. On two occasions he delivered the memorial addresses at Ar- lington — a compliment never as yet paid to any other orator. As a political speaker, Mr. Brosius was sent by the National Republican committee, at solicitation of candidates in closely contested districts — the in- spiration of his presence, his fluent, convincing reas- oning, M'inning many to his party standard. But his great ability to sway people consisted not alone in his eloquence. His sterling integrity, unimpeach- able honesty and unqualified veracity were important factors in directing the general consensus of public opinion. In consequence of Mr. Brosius's diversi- fied learning Ursinus College conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Laws. During his Congressional career Mr. Brosius served on a number of important House committees, including Agriculture, Civil Service (of which he was chairman), Pension Bureau and Banking and Currency (of which he was chief). He was an acknowledged authority on National financial legis- lation. At the last meeting of the committee on Banking and Currency resolutions strongly com- mending Mr. Brosius's impartial and courteous rul- ings were adopted, and the members of the commit- tee, regardless of party affiliations, paid him high complirrients for efficiency, little thinking they should never on earth meet him again. Mr. Brosius was a member of the Society of Friends, of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of the Grand Army of the Republic, trustee of Lan- caster General Hospital, member of Lancaster Coun- ty Historical Society, of the Young Men's Chris- tian Association, and of other organizations. Mr. Brosius died on the morning of the 17th of March, 1901. The arrangements for the interment were made by Col. E. F. Pierce, Sergeant at Arms of the House of Representatives, and Mr. Fishback, Mr. Brosius's orivate secretary, the time appointed being 2 p. m., March 20. Mr. Brosius's body lay in state at his home on the above date, and for hours a constant procession passed the casket, all anxious, through their tear-dimmed eyes, to have a last fond look on their beloved friend. The Congressional committee, composed of senators and members of the House of Representatives, arrived in Lancaster the morning of the funeral to take part in the funeral obsequies. Rev. Dr. Alleman delivered an eloquent sermon, after which the body was borne to Green- wood cemetery, where the interment took place, in the midst of a large concourse of friends. REV. WILLIAM EASTON, D. D., for over fifty years pastor of the Octoraro United Presby- terian Church, was born in Ancrum, Parish of Max- ton, County of Roxburgh, Scotland, Oct. 2, 1804. His parents emigrated to this country in 1816, and settled in Washington county, N. Y. He was edu- cated at the Cambridge Academy, New York, taught by Dr. Alexander Bullions, and afterwards at Union College, same State, whence he gradu- ated in 1822. He received his theological training under Dr. Banks in the Associate Theological Sem- inary, Philadelphia, was licensed by the Associ- ate Presbytery, June 7, 1826, and ordained and in- stalled pastor of the United congregations of Octo- raro, East Nottingham (now Oxford), and Muddy Run, June 7, 1827, preaching one-half the time in Octoraro, one-fourth in Oxford and the other fourth in Muddy Run. He resigned the Oxford portion of his charge in 1854, "on account of the dis- tance and his own disability fully to attend to all the duties as he could wish," but continued to preach in Octoraro until 1878, when the infirmities of age compelled him to ask for a dissolution of the pastoral relation, which was granted Oct. 22nd, of the same year. On June 12, 1879, the life which began in Scotland three-quarters of a century be- fore, which had continued for over half a century in the congregation of Octoraro, through the vigor of youth, the prime of manhood, and the maturity of years, had drawn to a close, and the weary body laid down to rest in Jesus. His mortal remains re- pose in the cemetery adjoining the church where his lifework had been performed, and where also repose the dust of the sainted Gellatley and Cuth- 'bert, the founders of the Reformed Presbyterian Church in America. The semi-centennial of Dr. Easton's pastorate, June 7, 1877, was a notable occasion. It was largely attended by those who had been brought up under his faithful ministry, and by citizens of the sur- rounding country who had learned to respect and love him; and at his funeral, two years later, the Rev. Dr. Cooper paid this just tribute to his mem- ory: "As a man, Dr. Easton was distinguished for the great gentleness of his disposition. His heart was overflowing with kindness. Sometimes, it is true, he rebuked sin in a manner calculated to give ofi^ense, but he was prompted to do so by such a deep conviction of divine truth that no consider- ation of expediency seemed to him to justify sur- rendering its claims. He was unflinching in his fidelity to the cause of his Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. He was a man of remarkable candor, de- spised time-serving, and lived in open antagonism to all phases of sham, duplicity and darkness. He could say with the Apostle, that 'in simplicity and 20 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY godly sincerity,' he had his conversation in the world." When Dr. Easton came to Lancaster county it was the prevailing custom among farmers to furnish liquor to their help in harvest time. There was a small farm attached to his residence in Smyrna. At his first harvest, when the men asked for their "morning bitters" and were refused, they laid down their scythes, declaring they would not work with- out it, uitimating that his refusal was prompted by meanness. Ascertaining the cost of the liquor they were accustomed to receive, he said he would gladly add double its cost to their daily wages, rather than place temptation in the path of his fellow men. His offer was accepted by some, but others preferred whiskey and left. The following harvest Dr. Easton had his pick of harvest hands, and in a few years the custom was entirely abolished, while the in- creased wages he paid had become the standard in that neighborhood. At that period the prevailing sentiment was decidedly pro-slavery. One Sunday Dr. Easton created quite a sensation by preaching what his critics denounced as an "abolition lec- ture." It was, however, a vindication of the Bible against those who claimed that it justified slavery, which he indignantly repudiated. He lived to see the public sentiment of the nation reversed on the slavery question, from what he found it when he came to Pennsylvania fifty years before. CHARLES MILLER HOWELL. Although he retired from the active pursuits of a marble manu- facturer in March, 1901, the Major finds plenty to do, for he still serves as secretary to the board of. trustees of the "Home for Friendless Children" for the city and county of Lancaster, Pa., a position he has held continuously since May, 1876, besides be- ing interested in other affairs. Major Howell is of Welsh-Scotch extraction. His paternal great-grand- father, the progenitor of the family in New Jersey, was a native of Wales, Great Britain. He settled in Lambertville, N. J., where he married Miss Julia Ann Holcombe, daughter of John Holcombe, about the year 1740. An old relic, a cane with ivory top and brass ferrule, owned by Prince Howell the Good, of Wales, in the ninth century, was owned by his descendant in 1883 ; and this relic of "High-born Howell" was exhibited at the centennial at Phila- delphia in 1876. Amos Howell, Sr., grandfather of Charles M. Howell, was born near Trenton, N. J., May 22, 1754, and died Dec. 14, 181 1, aged fifty-seven years, six months, and twenty-three days. He married Martha Jones, who died at Philadelphia, Pa., Dec. 19, 1821, aged about sixty-eight years. It has been handed down as an incident in the life of Amos Howell, Sr., that at the crossing of the Delaware river by Gen. Washington and his army on the night of Dec. 25, T776, he was the owner of the "Howell's ferry" (now called "Stockton"), where the crossing was made, on the New Jersey side, and the services and assistance rendered by him on this occasion were of such a nature as to call forth the acknowledg- ments of Gen. Washington, who in token of his ap- preciation presented him with a horse. Amos Howell, Jr., father of Charles M. Howell, was born at Lambertville, N. J., July 31, 1792. He removed to Philadelphia when a young boy, and learned the trade of coachmaking, which he after- ward carried on extensively in all its various branches until his death, at the southeast corner of Arch and Eighth streets. He served in the war of 1812-14, and died in Philadelphia April 11, 1832. His wife, Sarah (Provost), was born in Philadelphia Jan. 21, 1799, and died at Buckingham C. H., Va., Aug. 30, 1863. Her mother, Hannah Provost, grandmother of Charles M. Howell, was born at Inverness, Scot- land, and died at Philadelphia, Pa., March 13, 1820. By his marriage with Sarah Provost Amos Howell had eight children, of whom Charles Miller was the eldest; the others were Henry Provost, Elizabeth Prentice, Martha Jones, Emeline Margaretta, George Hocker, John Martin and Paul Alexander. Charles Miller Howell was born at Philadelphia, Pa., at 8 :30 a. m., Sunday morning, April 24, 1814, and obtained his early education in the private schools of his native city, which he attended until he was twelve years old. He was then sent to the academy in Plainfield, Conn., where he remained two years. Upon his return to Philadelphia he was indentured an apprentice with Gen. Peter Fritz, a marble manu- facturer, in that city. After his term of apprentice- ship he worked several years for Mr. Fritz as . a journeyman. In the spring of 1838 he began busi- ness for himself, and carried on the trade until Sep- tember, 1843, when he moved to Lancaster, and estab- lished his business on the south side of East King street, three doors east of Christian street. In 1850 he purchased the Gompf property, on the east side of North Queen street, between Chestnut and Orange streets, in Lancaster, where he continued to do a flourishing trade for a period of fifty-eight years. In 1864 he built the two handsome brick houses at Nos. 133 and 135 North Queen street, this being the first notable modern building improvement on North • Queen street; the three story back-building at No. 135, where he resides, he erected in 1850. Mr. Howell has been one of Lancaster's most active business- men, closely identified with the material interests and worthy local enterprises of the city, and as a member of both branches of city council, as a member of the city school board, and as city treasurer, he did efficient service for the public. In 1856 he was elected county treasurer on the Democratic ticket, and dis- charged the duties of that office with entire satisfac- tion. Mr. Howell was noted in his boyhood days as a lad of refined tastes and accomplishments, and as an apt scholar. He was especially gifted as a pen- man, and became famed for his chirography, as well as for his skill in making pens, those being the days when pens were made of the gray-goose quill, and r^_ dn./^^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 21 copy-books of plain white paper sewed together. He became so skilled with the pen-knife, as well as pen. that the school master imposed on him the duty of making- pens for the school, and of setting the copy at the head of the page. These duties, requiring so delicate manipulation of touch, no doubt had much to do with the Major's subsequerit proficiency with the mallet and the chisel. Although now in his eighty- ninth year, he still writes visiting cards for his friends and no professional pen-writer ever wrote a steadier or more graceful hand, and he is grateful that this faculty is retained. As a marble manufacturer and monument builder Mr. Howell was at the head of his profession. Many of the finest works in granite and marble that adorn the local cemeteries were de- signed, executed and erected by him, or under his immediate supervision; As a Free and Accepted Mason Mr. Howell has attained exalted positions. As soon as his apprentice- ship under Gen. Fritz had closed, the old veteran, who was P. G. M. of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, and who took a natural pride in the skill and ability of his apprentice in marble-masonry, proposed him for membership in Mount Moriah Lodge, No. 155, F. & A. M., in June, 1839. In due course he was made a Mason in that lodge, and remained a member until 1843, when he withdrew, came to Lancaster, and was for a few years a regular visitor at the meetings ■of Lodge No. 43. He was admitted to membership June 14, 1848, and filled several positions during that year. At the December meeting he was 'elected Junior Warden, in 1849 Senior Warden, and in 1852 Worshipful Master. In 1854 he was again elected Worshipful Master. On Dec. 27, 1856, he was ap- pointed District Deputy Grand Master for Masonic District No. i, composed of the counties of Chester, Lancaster, Lebanon and York, and was continuously re-appointed for twenty years, when he declined a re-appointment. Upon the establishment of the rep- resentative system he was appointed Representative ■of I,odge No. 43, to the Grand Lodge, and continued in that position until 1879. He is Past High Priest of Chapter No. 43, Royal Arch Masons, was ap- pointed District Deputy Grand High Priest in 1856, and filled that office for twenty years. He is P. T. T. G. M. of Goodwin Council, No. 19, and was Dis- trict Deputy M. P. G. M. for several years. He is a member of Harrisburg Lodge of Perfection, and of Harrisburg Consistory, 32d degree, A. A. S.- R. He was one of the charter members of Lancaster Commandery, No. 13, M. K. T., was its first Eminent Commander^ and was continuously elected to that office for eight years. He was appointed Division Commander of his Templar district in 1865, and served until 1884. He served in all of the elective ofiices and was elected R. E. Grand Commander in 1871. In honor of his valu- able Masonic services the following Masonic lodges and chapters have been named after him: Howell Lodge, No. 405, Honeybrook, Chester county ; Charles M. Howell Lodge, No. 496, Millers- ville, Lancaster county; Howell Chapter, No. 499, York, York county; and Howell Chapter, No. 202, West Chester, Chester county. In appreciation of his services his Masonic brethren in difiFerent parts of the State have presented him with testimonials and many elegant, costly presents. Although Major Howell was not a soldier in ac- tive service in the field, he has a military record of which he may well be proud. His grandfather, Amos Howell, Sr., as before stated, owned the Howell's ferry, on the New Jersey side of the Delaware river, and greatly assisted Gen. Washington with his arrny, in crossing on the night of Dec. 25, 1776, and his father, Amos Howell, Jr., was a soldier in the war 'of 1812-14. With these patriotic examples it is not to be wondered that young Howell also should feel some military aspirations, even during the piping times of peace. In the twenty-third year of his age lie was elected captain of the 8th Company, 74th Regi- ment, Militia of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, in the 1st Brigade, composed of the militia of the city and county of Philadelphia; he was duly com- missioned by Gov. Joseph Ritner, his commission bearing date April 17, 1837. In 1838, when the Buckshot war broke out in Harrisburg, Major Howell was a sergeant in Capt. Fritz's Company of National Grays of Philadelphia. That company, with other troops, were sent to the State capital to sup- press the insurrection. The troops left Philadelphia about 8 130 A. M. , during a snowstorm, on a very cold day, and reaching Lancaster at night were quartered at the "Franklin House" for the night. The next morning they took the cars for Harrisburg, formed a line on the bank of the Susquehanna river and marched to the capitol with colors flying and drurns beating. During this trip and bloodless campaign Major Howell was chosen sergeant of Major Gen. Robert Patterson's bodyguard — the General being in command of the entire forces. At the Encampment of Volunteers at Camp Wayne, Paoli, Sept. 10, 1840, of which Col. John K. Murphy, of Philadelphia, was commandant of the right wing and Gen. Frederick Hambright, of Lancaster, of the left wing, Major Howell was sergeant-major of the right wing. In 1842 Major Howell was elected major of the ist Reg- iment, Volunteer Artillery, ist Brigade, ist Division, composed of the militia of the city and county of Philadelphia, and was duly commissioned by Gov. David R. Porter, his commission bearing date Aug. 3, 1842, and running for seven years. Major Howell was also an active fireman under the volunteer service, and was a member of the Col- umbia Hose Company, of Philadelphia, when he was but eighteen years old, serving seven years. He was then placed on the Honorary Roll, which constituted him a life member. He then became an active mem- ber of the Phoenix Hose Company, to which his father belonged, and remained with them until the volunteer service gave place to the paid department. After coming to Lancaster he continued to take ac- tive interest in fire matters, and his long service in 22 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Philadelphia made him a safe worker and wise coun- selor. He was one of the chief organizers of the Empire Hook and Ladder Co., and its president from 185S to 1884, when it was disbanded to give place to the paid department. In 1872 he was appointed, by Hon. F. S. Pyfer, mayor of Lancaster, chief engineer of the fire department, and subsequently elected by the firemen themselves to the same office, and served with great diligence and efficiency. Major Howell declares, jokingly, that he sup- poses he has been a church and Sunday school worker for so many years because he was born at 8 :30 a. m., on a certain Sunday. His connection with and at- tendance upon the First Presbyterian Church and its Sunday-school, of Lancaster, commenced in Septem- ber, 1S43. He was elected a trustee of the church at that time, and served for twenty-five years. He is still an elder in the church. He was elected secretary and treasurer of the Sunday-school and served in both offices until 1888 — a period of forty-five years, when he resigned these offices for the purpose of separating them, and placing younger persons in the two positions. He then became a teacher of Class No. 15, composed of young ladies. He served as teacher until Jan. 6, 1896, and then resigned the position and became a scholar in the same class, per- forming the duties of secretary up to Jan. 5, 1902, making a continuous membership of fifty-nine years. During the first fifty-six years he was absent from Simday-school but fourteen times, and can give rea- sons for the absent days, and since then has attended quite regularly. Twice in succession he was absent but once during terms of thirteen years each. His atendance upon the church services will compare with the school attendance. On Dec. 28, 1841, Major Howell was married to Miss Elizabeth Michael, daughter of John and Elizabeth Michael, who for half a century owned and controlled "Michael's Hotel" (or the "Grapes," as it was called), now known as the "American House," in North Queen street. Mrs. Howell died Oct. 22, 1877. Their children were Sarah Provost, wife of Rev. William D. LeFevre; Elizabeth Michael, de- ceased ; Charles May, deceased ; Henry N., ex-chief of the Lancaster Fire Department, who married Anna M. Burger; and they reside with his father at No. 13s North Queen street, where he conducts a very successful fire insurance business, representing six of the best companies in the world ; and Frank Roder- ick, a marble mason, who married Miss Susan Ann Baumgardner, and died Jan. 9, 1899. Major Howell has nine grandchildren and eight great-grandchil- dren, whose voices gladden his heart and make merry music in his home. It would be like the play of "Hamlet" with Ham- let out if we closed this sketch without reference to a matter with which — even more than with his prom- inence in Masonic affairs, his remarkable record in church and Sunday-school work, and his long and successful career as a monument builder — the people of Lancaster are familiar, and that is Major Howell's reputation as a skater on the ice, for the entire com- munity of Lancaster knows of this. For an ordinary lifetime he was not only the champion skater of this section, but had no superior in the State, if indeed, in the country. Time and again have the papers of Lancaster made complimentary notes of his per- formances on the ice, and the last of these notices was written and published when he was eighty years old. His last appearance on the ice was three years ago, when he was eighty-five years old, and the only reason he has not indulged in the sport since was because there was not ice on the Conestoga river fit to skate on. He still feels anxious to skate, and the wish and hope of the entire community is that he may be spared to skate and gladden many with his smiles until he has rounded out a full century nf time. [Smce the above was written Major Howell has died, passing away April 10, 1903.] REV. DR. THEODORE APPEL, author, teacher, and minister, was born April 30, 1823, within the present limits of the borough of Easton, Pa., on the west side, along the Bushkill. He was one of the thirteen children of Andrew and Eliza- beth (Gilmore) Appel. His ancestors on his fa- ther's side were of German stock, while from his mother he derived a mixture of Irish and Quaker blood. Andrew Appel was ambitious for his chil- dren, and gave them the best education his limited means and the times allowed. WRen Theodore Appel was eight years old he was sent to school, where he pursued his studies for four years, becoming then a clerk in a store at Easton. However, he kept up his mathematical studies, of which he was very fond, and also pur- sued other branches, with a view of somehow ob- taining a college course, and of eventually fitting himself for the ministry. His zeal and persever- ance met with gratifying success. After two years spent in Dr. John Vandevere's Academy, he was in 1839 admitted to the Sophomore class at Marshall College, in Mercersburg. Under the influence of Drs. Nevin and Rauch" his tendencies toward the ministry were strengthened, and he became thor- oughly permeated with religious thought. On grad- uating, in the class of 1842, when he delivered the Latin Salutatory, he immediately entered the Sem- inary of the Reformed Church, where Drs. Nevin and Schaff became his mentors. During his sem- inary course he acted as tutor in Greek in the col- lege. In 1845 he graduated from the Seminary, and received a call to Cavetown, Md., which he ac- cepted, and had charge of four congregations em- bracing the country along the South Mountain from Cavetown to Waynesboro. During his pas- torate he organized a fifth congregation, which be- came the Harbaugh Church. In 1847 the charge was divided, and he remained oastor of the Cave- town section. In 1851 Rev. Mr. Appel removed to Mercers- burg, to become pastor of the Mercersburg Church BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 23 and professor of mathematics in his Alma Mater. When Marshall College was removed to Lancas- ter, in 1853, Rev. Mr. Appel came with it, and con- tinued in his professorship in the college under its combined name until 1877. Dr. Appel was ever a man of energy and untiring industry. In addition to his educational and pastoral work, from 1873 to 1888 he delivered several series of popular lec- tures on astronomy throughout the Reformed Church, and during the same period he became sec- retary of the Board of Home and Foreign Missions, and also secretary of the board of visitors of the Theological Seminary. In 1872 he was honored with the degree of D. D., conferred by the Univer- sity of Pennsylvania. Dr, Appel is also an author of more than com- mon note. During 1886 he published three books : "College Recollections," "The Beginnings of the Theological Seminary of the Reformed Church" (a comprehensive doctrinal work of the greatest re- ligious and historical value) and "Letters to Boys and Girls about the First Christmas at Bethlehem." In i88q appeared "The Life and Work of Dr. John W. Nevin," and in 1895 he edited "Lectures on English Literature of Dr. W. M. Nevin." From 1878 to 1886 Dr. Appel was missionary superin- tendent and edited the Reformed Missionary Her- ald, and from 1889 to 1893 he had charge of the edi- torial department of the Reformed Church Messen- ger. In addition to these labors Dr. Appel still found opportunity to contribute frequently to the Mercersburg Review, his articles covering the per- iod from 1849 until 1895. Since 1897 he has lived quietly at his 'home in Lancaster. Although the vigor of youth is gone, he is still interested in the Reformed Church. In 1854 Rev. Dr. Appel was united in marriage with Miss Susan Burton Wolff, daughter of Rev. Dr. B. C. Wolff, professor in the Reformed Theo- logical Seminary. They had a family of four chil- dren, namely : Miss Charlotte, at home ; Elizabeth, wife of Theodore W. Nevin, of Pittsburg; Ber- nard W., now deceased ; and Theodore B., a prac- ticing physician of Lancaster. THEODORE B. APPEL, M. D., one of the younger physicians of Lancaster, was born in that city Sept. 8, 1871, son of Rev. Dr. Theodore Appel and his wife Susan Burton Wolff. After completing the course of study in the com- mon schools, Theodore B. Appel graduated from the Lancaster High School, in 1885. He then en- tered Franklin and Marshall College, and received the degree of A. B. there with the class of 1889. Immediately following his graduation he was elected vice-principal of the Berwick High School, but after one year entered the office of Dr. M. L. Herr to prepare for his professional career. In 1894 he received the degree of Doctor of Medicine from the University of Pennsylvania. For the two years following he was resident physician at the Presbyterian Plospital in Philadelphia, where he pursued a practical course of great value in his la- ter work, and in 1896 he entered upon the private practice of his profession in Lancaster, where he has practiced successfully since. He is now senior sur- geon at the Lancaster General Hospital, and is as- sistant surgeon of the Pennsylvania National Guard, being attached to Battery C, at Phoenixville, Pa. Dr. Appel has paid especial attention to surgery, and has won a reputation in that line not bounded by the confines of his own county. Professionally Dr. Appel is a member of the Lancaster City and County Medical Society, the Lancaster Pathological Society, the Columbia Col- lege of Physicians and Surgeons, the Medical So- ciety of the State of Pennsylvania, and the Ameri- can Medical Association. He also belongs to the Hamilton Club of Lancaster, and to the University Club of Philadelphia. On June 18, 1900, Dr. Appel was united in mar- riage with Miss Mary Calder, a daughter of the late George Calder, of Lancaster. Two daughters have been born of this union. In religious belief Dr. Appel follows the faith of his fathers, and is affili- ated with the First Reformed Church. JOSEPH WALKER FAWKES, inventor, was born in the village of Christiana Sept. 25, 1815. He was the youngest son of Joseph and Eliza Walker Fawkes, who purchased and removed to the old McKnight farm, near Georgetown, in the spring of 1835. The farm had been neglected, and was overgrown with sumach, thistles and mulleins, but Mr. Fawkes was a progressive farmer, and with his three sons in a few years made it the most fertile tract in the district. He erected a new dwelling, barn and other outbuildings, and sold a portion of the original for more than he originally paid for the whole. Joseph W. Fawkes in boyhood developed a taste for mechanics, his principal amusements being the construction of waterwheels, tilt-hammers, boats and other devices, operated on the small stream which flowed through the farm. He served an appren- ticeship to Benjamin Simmons, of Sadsbury town- ship, and when free took contracts on his own ac- count. He built the new house and barn for his father, and erected a machine shop in order to. in- dulge his taste for mechanics. One of his earliest inventions was a rotary lime spreader, the pioneer in that line. But his most important essay was the designing and construction of the traction steam plow, in which the engine derived its traction from a large driving" drum instead of wheels, driving a gang of half a dozen plows. This was exhibited at the agricultural fair in Lancaster in 1858, attract- ing much attention, and the inventor was awarded a medal of honor. . In 1861 it was exhibited at the "United States Fair" in Chicaeo, in competition with another steam plow, which derived its traction from two immense driving-wheels, ten or twelve 24 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY feet in diameter. The practical test in the prairie soil demonstrated the superiority of Fawkes drum cylinder device, as it rode on the surface while the big drivers sank and stalled the machine, and Fawkes was awarded the premium. Lack of capital prevented him from profiting by his invention. He moved on a farm at Moline, 111., and subsequently to Spring Lake, Iowa. Returning to Chicago, he turned his inventive genius to account in the manu- facturing of rotary electric goods, formed a com- pany, and was doing a prosperous business when the factory was destroyed by fire, and the failure of some of the insurance companies and litigation re- sulting therefrom greatly depleted his savings. In 1887 he moved to Burbank, Cal., where he engaged in fruit culture, in which he was quite successful, continuing in that occupation until his death, which occurred March 14, 1892, in the seventy-seventh year of his age. Before leaving .Lancaster county Mr. Fawkes married Anna Eliza Baughman, born Oct. 25, 1825, who survives, with seven children, all married and living in Los Angeles and vicinity. RIGHT REV. SAMUEL BOWMAN, D. D., was the fourth son of Samuel Bowman, an officer of the Revolutionary army, who took an active part in the battle of Lexington, and at the close of the war settled at Wilkesbarre. Samuel Bowman was born there May 21, 1800. The judicious and en- lightened views of his patriotic father, supplemented with the refined tastes and Christian virtues of his mother, nurtured under the influence of the Episco- pal Church, were the environments which surrounded his early Hfe and molded his subsequent distinguished career. He received his early education at the Wilkes- barre Academy, at that time an institution of high repute. He was destined for the legal profession, and pursued his studies in that line for some time tmder the late Charles Chauncey, Esq., of Philadel- phia : but the sudden death of his father, by accident, inipressed him with an invincible desire to devote his life to the ministrv of the Gospel. Going home from the funeral, the young man took up the family Bible and conducted family prayer in the afflicted household, where he then felt a large weight of responsibility. He applied for holy Orders, and was admitted to the Diaconate by Bishop White, Aug. 25, 182.^, and to the Priesthood by the same bishop. Dec. 19, 1824. In 182.^ be began his ministrv as deacon in the parishes at Peuuea'and Leacock, where he remained two years. After a brief residence at Easton, Pa., where he had the charge of Trinity Church, and where he met Miss Sitgreaves, who became his wife, he returned to his first cures in Lancaster counti'. which he held until September. 1827, when he was invited to become co-rector with Rev. Dr. Clarkson. of St. James' Church, Lancaster. After the death of Mr. Clarkson, in 1830, Dr. Bow- man became sole rector and filled that positon until his death ; for on his elevation to the Episcopate his parishioners, dreading to sever the relations so long and so happily sustained, prevailed upon him to retain his residence in the old parish, electing Rev. J. Isidor Mombert co-rector. In 1843 Dr; Bowman received from Geneva (now Hobart) College the degree of S. T. D. In 1845 the Diocesan Convention of Pennsylvania, against his own protest, placed him in nomination for the Episcopate. The conservative clergy elected him in preference to Dr. Tyng, but the laity refusing to concur he cordially supported the nomination of Dr. Alonzo Potter, who was eventually chosen. In 1847 he was elected Bishop of the Diocese of Indiana, but his strong attach- ment to Lancaster controlled his decision to decline. In 1858 he was elected Assistant Bishop of Pennsyl- vania over Dr. Alexander H. Vinton. Dr. Bowman, who in no way sought the office, made an eloquent appeal to the convention to elect Dr. Vinton. This appeal, so full of sincere humility and fervent zeal, completely disarmed the opposition and strikingly showed his own fitness for the office. He was con- secrated the same year in Christ Church, Philadel- phia. Dr. Bowman was distinguished for purity of life, dignity of bearing, with suavity of manner, and eloquence of speech. The church service when read by him, in his silvery yet resonant voice, never failed to hold his auditors spellbound, and when he arose to speak in a miscellaneous audience he commanded the closest attention and held it to the close. He was a central figure in all meetings for the public welfare, and his logical presentation of facts and argument de- termined the convictions of his hearers. He was deeply interested in education, for niany years was an active member of the Public School Board and a Trustee and Secretarv of the Board of Franklin and Marshall College. Dr. Gerhart, President of the Col- lege, at the semi-centennial of the Bishop Bowman Church Home, said of him, "I knew him only to respect, to honor and revere him, for his abilities, the nobleness of his Christian character, the soundness of his judgment and his fidelity to every trust. Dr. Bowman stood for several decades as one of the pillars of truth and righteousness in this community. The distinguishing characteristic of his hfe was Christian faith, a faith that was firm and unshaken amid all trials, a faith that was active in good deeds, of which this 'Home' is one of many illustrations." The St. James' Orphan Asylum, the Church Home, the Yeates Institute, and St. John's Free Church, bear testimony to his liberality and zeal in educational, Christian and charitable works. It was through his influence that Miss Yeates endowed the Institute in honor of her father, Hon. Jasper Yeates, Judge of the Supreme Court and warden of St. James' Church ; and he organized St. John's, the pioneer free church of the diocese, to vindicate the practicability of his long-cherished ideal of a church where the Gospel should be as free as any other gift of God. He started the enterprise bv pledging one- tenth of the whole cost ($15,000) out of his limited ^r^ZC^Z€^tZl^^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 25 income, and supplemented this after he became Bishop by pledging one-tenth of the cost of a rectory which he urged the vestry to build. The last sermon he ever preached was in this church, on Sunday even- ing, July 28, i86t, from the text, "For I determined not to know anything among you, save Jesus Christ and Him crucified." On the following Tuesday he left on an Episcopal visit to the oil regions. On his way to Butler, over the Allegheny railroad, owing to a landslide, the passengers were compelled to walk some distance, and, being unable to keep up with the others, he was found lying by the roadside, his face buried in his hat, stretched out at full length, "a corpse without signs of bruise or struggle, his watch and papers untouched." It is an interesting coincidence, that Eranklin Wright, then superintend- ent of the Allegheny railroad, was the one who identi- fied the remains of the Bishop. He had spent his boy- hood days in Lancaster and was presented for con- firmation in St. James' Church. He escorted the remains to Pittsburg, whence thev were brought to Lancaster, where they repose in the shadow of the church he served so well. St. James' Church, Titus- ville, was built as a memorial to this saintly' man and named in honor of his old parish. Bishop Bowman was married the second time to Harriet R., daughter of Rev. Joseph Clarkson, a former rector of St. James.' His first wife, Susan Sitgreaves, bore him three children, one of whom, Ellen, became the wife of Bishop Vail, of Kansas. Her daughter, Mrs. Dr. Hotter, survives, and resides in Washington, D. C. JAMES PYLE WICKERSHAM, born March 5, 182.S, in Newlin township, Chester county, died at his home in Lancaster City March 25, 1891, after having achieved the very highest distinction in the work to which he devoted the best years of his long and useful life. Born of an honorable ancestry, brought up un- der the influence of the best type of Friends, he laid early the foundations of a strong character and a great career. From the country school he passed to Unionville Academy, where Bayard Taylor was one of his fellow-studdnts. At fifteen he took charge of a school, and in 1845 became principal of Mari- etta Academy, giving up his intention of reading law upon advice of his family. From twenty pupils in a rented room, under his management the school had grown by 1852 to over a hundred pupils in a fine building owned by the principal. Meanwhile he had been married in 1847, to Emerine I. Taylor, a former schoolmate, a woman of rare intelligence and character. In 1853 he was one of the organ- izers of the State Teachers' Association, and was prominent in the agitation for the establishment of the County and State Superintendency. In 1854 he was active in the first county institute, and was del- egate from Lancaster county to the American Asso- ciation for the Advancement of Education. Also in 1854. the county superintendency was created and he was chosen for the place. In July of the same year we find him active in the first meeting of the county superintendents. In 1855 he held a Normal Institute at Millersville, which made such an im- pression that it was determined to make it a per- manent institution, and Mr. Wickersham was called to be its head. Resigning the superintendency in the fall of 1856, he devoted his great energies to de- veloping the great school which now distinguishes the First Normal District of Pennsylvania, and is perhaps his most significant monument. When the war surged northward in 1863, he led a company (mostly Millersville students) into service, and was chosen colonel of the 47th Regiment. During these years of activity he filled with ability the Presi- dency of the State Teachers' Association, and other similar places in the line of his work. He had also found time to write several books, notably his "School Economy" and "Methods of Instruction," which were for a long period the standard, and they have been translated into French, Spanish and Jap- anese. In 1866 Governor Curtin appointed Dr. Wick- ersham (having meanwhile been recognized by a degree from Lafayette College) to be State Super- intendent of Schools, which place he filled continu- ously for the next fourteen years, being successively reappointed by the series of Governors, all agree- ing that he was pre-eminently the man for the place, and the Senate confirming him by unanimous vote. In the educational history of the State, these years were the period of construction. Receiving from Dr. Eurrowes the outlines of a great scheme "in the rough," he adapted, adjusted, reconstructed and perfected it in every part, making of it an organ- ism which his successor said "could almost run itself." There was no legislation in school matters, but bore the impress of his hand, accepting and improving all helpful ideas, and preventing errors and retrograde steps. The value of this service can only be estimated fully by the future; but, mean- while, it has not been forgotten by those best qual- ified to judge. William T. Harris, first of American educators and philosophers, said at the Brooklyn meeting of the N. E. A. : "If I were asked to name the five leading educators of America, I would name James P. Wickersham, of Pennsylvania, as one." And in Winship's "Great American Educa- tor," that keen observer and critic accompanies his portrait with such words as these : "All the schools of the State were better because he was State Su-, perintendent. Good laws were made and bad prac- tices abolished by him. A million children have better school houses, better school books, better teachers than before. Teachers have many advant- ages because of him. ... No State Superintend- ent has had clearer or higher ideals of what the Su- perintendent, the teacher, the directors and the peo- ple ought to do for the schools. . . . Wickersham was a natural leader, and to the people of the United States he was the best known of the educators of 26 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Pennsylvania for forty years." It is not too much to say that Dr. Wickersham found the school sys- tem a brilliant idea in the experimental stage and left it a successful and permanent organism. His little "Digest" became the foundation of the body of school law of the State, and none of his de- cisions have been reversed. . In addition to the onerous duties of the School Department, the Soldiers' Orphan work, crippled and discredited by the ■ mismanagement of others, was placed in his hands, and at once reduced to or- der, and so remained until the close of his service, when instead of the old history of deficit, he turned over an unexpended balance to his successor. From 1870 until his retirement from the State Superintendency, Dr. Wickersham was editor and part owner of the Pennsylvania School Journal, and his work upon it added greatly to its circulation and influence. In the framing of the Constitution of 1874, his carefully prepared statements before the committees of the convention were most useful in adopting the educational provisions. In 1876, he earned wide credit for his unique presentation of the educational interest of his State at the Centen- nial Exhibition. After the close of the exhibition, he visited Europe* to study their systems of educa- tion, making official report thereupon in 1878. Along with official duties, his face was known all over the State by reason of frequerit attendance at educational conventions and institutes, where his ringing speeches were a source of inspiration and instruction. Soon after the close of his fourteen years serv- ice. President Arthur appointed Dr. Wickersham Minister to Denmark, but after some time spent there he resigned on account of the ill health of his wife. In 1886 was issued his "History of Education in Pennsylvania" (printed in a oublishing house es- tablished by himself), which every year becomes more and more valuable as a reference work, quoted by all writers on its subject. His voice and pen were actively influential in securing the adoption of the free text-book system, which has been so val- uable an aid in school work. He was also a trus- tee of Franklin and Marshall College, in his home town. His membership and activity in Post 84, G. A. R., were worthy of special mention. The soldiers' burial place in Lancaster cemetery was secured by his advocacy, and many an old soldier profited by his generous help. After more than fifty years of intense activity, this useful man, honest and capable public oilficer, model citizen, passed away at his home in Lancaster, after a brief illness. March 25, 1891. J. Harold Wickersham, son of the late dis- tinguished educator, Dr. James P. Wickersham, was born at Marietta, Pa., Feb. 24, 1856. His boyhood was passed at MillersviJle and Lancaster, where he received his early education in the public schools. Graduating from the Lancaster High School in 1872, he spent three years at Franklin and Marshall College, and two years at Yale, graduating there with the degree of B. Ph. Returning to Lancaster, he entered the printing house of the Inquirer Print- ing and Publishing Co., in a subordinate position, and by diligence and good judgment advanced to general manager, which position he still holds. After his father's death the name of the company was changed to the Wickersham Printing Co., and our subject was elected its president. The plant is of high grade, and does a large and successful busi- ness. Mr. Wickersham was married in 1880 to Miss Jessie, daughter of John Hough, of Fort Wayne, Ind. He is prominent in the business and social life of Lancaster. JOHN ROHRER DIFFENBACH is de- scended from an old family of Lancaster county, his grandmother on his father's side having been a di- rect descendant of Hans Herr, the progenitor of the numerous and influential Herrs of this section ; and his paternal grandfather was a native of Lancaster county. George Diffenbach, the latter, was a farm- er and tanner. He married Maria Herr, sister of Rev. Christian Herr, of Pequea. George Diffen- bach, Jr., son of George and Maria, was also a farmer and tanner. He married Barbara Rohrer, a sister of Squire Rohrer, and an aunt of Dr. Amos K. Rohrer, deceased, a prominent physician of Mountville, whose ancestors came to America in 1732. To this union were born seven children, two of whom are now living: Adam, a farmer in Min- nesota, now eighty years old ; and John Rohrer, of Lancaster, now in his eighty-ninth year. A daugh- ter, Mrs. Connellv, made her home with her son John, and died at the age' of ninety-two years. In Strasburg, in association with Alexander Hood and Squire Hofifman, George Diffenbach, Jr., held the first meeting for and took the first steps toward the establishment of the free school system in Penn- sylvania. John Rohrer Diffenbach was born in Strasburg Sept. 13, 1813, and was educated in his native town. He left school at the age of eighteen years to enter a store, and afterward he spent a year in Lancaster, where he served as salesm.an in the store of P. K. Brenerman. In 1833, before he attained his ma- jority, Mr. Diffenbach began a career as a merchant at the Buck, where he was engaged for two years, removing thence to New Holland, where he was a merchant two years, and then to Silver Spring, finally locating at Marietta, where he was in busi- ness from 1839 to 1868, enjoying a fine and profita- ble patronage. In t868 he came to Lancaster, where he bought the splendid property, at the cor- ner of Lime and Orange streets, which is now occu- pied by Mrs. Louise Brenerman ; and in 1882 he purchased the ground and built the elegant dwell- ing on North Duke street, into which he moved his BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 27 home and family the following year, and where he is still found. After coming to Lancaster Mr. Dif- fenbach still retained an interest in two stores, one at Lebanon, and the other at Lykens Valley, but in 1875 h^ sold them, and has since confined himself to looking after his properties and investments. Dur- ing his long and useful life, Mr. Diffenbach has spent at least $100,000 in building and improving his properties, and since his advent in Lancaster he has disbursed as large a sum in taxes, living ex- penses, and in assisting worthy objects — a most creditable record. At first a Whig in politics, Mr. Diffenbach be- came a Republican upon the formation of that party. While a resident of Silver Spring he was ap- pointed a justice of the peace by Gov. Ritner, but resigned the office on the occasion of his removal from the district. He has never sought official honors of any kind, and, though often solicited, has uniformly declined to take any position of responsi- bility, and it is to his credit that while justice of the peace he never returned a case to court, always bring- ing the parties together and effecting a settlement between them. At one period of his life Mr. Diflfen- bach was a surveyor, making the draft and helping to make the survey to avoid the inclined plane on the Pennsylvania railroad between Mountville and Columbia. Mr. Diffenbach has been interested fin- ancially in almost every bank in Lancaster, as well as in the Marietta banks and the trust companies of Lancaster. On Sept. 2g, 1840, Mr. Diffenbach was married to Miss Martha Brenerman, who was born in Co- lumbia, Pa., May 7, 1818, daughter of Capt. Bren- erman. Like her husband, she, too, enjoys a serene old age. DR. JOHN GAINER MOORE, whose death at his home in New Holland, Pa., Jan. 18, 1883, removed from Lancaster county one of her most skillful and successful practitioners of dentistry, was one of the county's most esteemed public-spirited and useful citizens. The ancestral line of the Moore family goes far back in the world's history to the time when An- drew Moore, a native of Glasgow, Scotland, emi- grated to County Antrim, Ireland, in 1612, when James I ruled over the united countries known as the British Isles. Dr. Moore was peculiarly fortunate in his par- entage. His distinguished father. Dr. Mordecai M. Moore, was for many years known not only in his native State, but through a large section of coun- try. Dr. Moore's mother belonged to one of the old and honorable families of Lancaster county. In a record of representative men of this kind, it would not be fitting to omit extended notice of Dr. Mordecai M. Moore. He was born near Chris- tiana, in Sadsbury township, Lancaster county, April 19, 1807, a son of Gainer Moore, a well- known member of the Societv of Friends, who was a descendant of one of the earliest settlers in that section of Pennsylvania. Dr. Moore obtained a limited education in the common schools, but spent much of his leisure time in study. After teaching school in Lancaster county for several years he studied dentistry and surgery with Dr. Van Pat- ton as a preceptor. Dr. Moore practiced dentistry in Lancaster City until 1849, when he went to Cal- ifornia. On his arrival there he became interested in gold mining, and was elected the first president of the Keystone Mining Co. He also practiced both dentistry and medicine in California. In 1853 he returned to Lancaster, where he became intimately acquainted with ex-President Buchanan. Three years later he returned to California, and remained until 1859. The exposure that he was subjected to while in the mountain regions of that State caused him to have erysipelas, which so affected his eyes that he became totally blind. This affliction was borne with remarkable fortitude by Dr.' Moore, who devoted his time to religious thought. Being a mem- ber of the M. E. Church, he was made an exhorter, . and afterward a local preacher, and, notwithstand- ing his blindness, he traveled extensively in the West, preaching the Gospel. Dr. Moore would have a friend take him to a railroad station, and would engage the services of a trustworthy boy to take him to places he wished to visit. In this way he visited his brother George, in Iowa, and from there traveled to California, where he conducted a series of religious meetings. On his return to Lancaster, Dr. Moore prepared a lecture on "What a Blind Man Saw in California," which he delivered in a number of places. It is recorded of Dr. Moore that at one time, while suffering from a tumor on his left side, he re- tired to his room, took an ordinary pocket knife, and with coolness and skill, removed the offender and bandaged the wound without assistance. On May 8, 1885, Dr. Moore became a resident of the Masonic Home, Philadelphia, and was the fourth to be admitted to that institution. There his death occurred in his ninety-first year, after liv- ing in darkness almost half a century. In 1885 he united with the Tioga M. E. Church and had the honor in 1892, of breaking the ground for the new edifice. He was a member of Christiana Lodge, No. 417, A. F. & A. M., for nearly sixty years and at the time of his death was one of the oldest Ma- sons in Pennsylvania. In 1827 Dr. Mordecai Moore was united in mar- riage to Elizabeth Bomberger, of Lancaster, who died two weeks after the couple had celebrated their Golden Wedding, in 1877. Of their eight children, but two are living. Rev. vSamuel B. Moore, a clergy- man of the Protestant Episcopal Church, and Mrs. Harriet Pownall, of Chester, Delaware county. Dr. John Gainer Moore, son of Dr. Mordecai,. was born in Lancaster, Lancaster county, March 10, 1830, and died Jan. 18, 1883, in New Holland, where he was buried. He acquired his primary edu- 28 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY cation in the common schools in Lancaster and later pursued a higher course in Franklin and Marshall college. His profession was learned under his father, and he entered upon its active duties in 1849, taking up the practice of his father, who went to CaHfornia. In 1857 he went to New Holland, and from that time until his death practiced between Lancaster and New Holland alternately, being very successful in his profession, and gaining a wide celebrity for his skill. The last years of his life were spent as a semi-invalid, an aggravated form of dyspepsia refusing to yield to treatment. In many lines aside from his profession was Dr. Moore known and admired. He was a strong and vig- orous writer, and an eloquent and forceful orator, while his intense interest in liis section's advance- ment and progress made him an interested and ear- nest advocate of every enterprise looking in that direction. He was intellectually strong, and all educational measures were sure of finding a warm supporter in him. In religious work he was zealous and consistent, and took an active part in the aflfairs t)f the Lutheran Church and the work of the Sun- • day school. His benefactions were large, both in the church and the community. In politics he pre- ferred to be independent. On Nov. 17, 1859, Dr. Moore was united in marriage by Rev. Dr. Kohler, in the Lutheran Church, in New Holland (it being the first marriage held in the church), to Miss Anna E. Wilson, who was born in Harrisburg, Pa., daughter of Morris and Catherine (Diller) Wilson, the former of near Bridgeport, Conn., and the latter of New Holland, Pa. Morris Wilson was born March 31, 1797, and died Nov. 10, 1826, in EHzabethtown, Pa. He studied law with Judge Elder, of Harrisburg, re- moving then to EHzabethtown, but practicing both in the Harrisburg and the Lancaster courts. He was a man of brilliant parts, and came from a family of culture, refinement and wealth. The mother of Mrs. Moore died March 12, 1882, at the age of €ighty-six years. She was interred in New Hol- land, where she was a beloved member of the com- munity, an active worker in the Sundav school, a consistent member of the Lutheran Church, and a woman who was noted for her charities. The onlv child of this marriage was Mrs. Moore. Rolland Diller Moore, the only child of Dr. John and Anna (Wilson") Moore, was born April 5, 1863, and on Jan. 19, 1901, was united in mar- riage, in Camden, N. J., to Miss Helen Dugan, daughter of Michael Dugan, of Shamokin, Pa. Mr. Moore is the very efficient and capable manager of his mother's estate, consisting of some of the most valuable property in the city, and he Is one of the most public-spirited and progressive of the younger business men. His im- provements have been permanent, substantial and attractive, while he is also engaged in other lines of endeavor, ever keeping in mind the advancement of the interests of his city as well as his personal preferment. Fraternally he is connected with the B. P. O. E. and is very popular. Mrs. Moore is one of the most highly esteemed ladies in Lancaster. Her beautiful home in New Holland was erected by her uncle, the late Roland Diller. She has many friends not only on account of her well-known and highly appreciated husband, but for herself, her personal attributes winning them and retaining them. Roland Diller was one of Lancaster county's oldest citizens at the time of his death, in 1882, in his eighty-fifth year, in his old home in New Hol- land. His burial was in the old cemetery at that point. Early in life he was engaged in mercantile pursuits, but later became a skilled conveyancer and surveyor, continuing to perform these duties al- most to the time of his death. His mind was of a legal turn, and had he given it to the law he would doubtless have become distinguished in that pro- fession. His tastes, however, were of a quieter na- ture although on occasion he could fight for what he believed to be right. For over forty years he was justice of the peace in Earl township, and it is known that during this time he wrote more mort- gages, deeds, releases and similar documents than any man who ever lived in Lancaster county. His reliability was such that his services were in con- stant demand, and it is estimated that his name ap- pears on more than half the legal documents is- sued during his official life in eastern Lancaster county. In his convictions of right and justice, Mr. Diller stood as a rock. This was notably manifested during the period known as Anti-Masonic, in 1828. It is not possible to recount in this limited space the details of the controversy in this locality, but Mr. Diller was one of the founders of the Anti-Masonic Herald,- in New Holland, and during its existence was a lib- eral and consistent contributor to its support. As a politician he was a strong Whig, and later a stanch Republican. Although prominent and active in his party, he would never accept any public recognition, although frequently urged to do so by his fellow-citi- zens who would gladly have shown him honors. Mr. Diller was' long the secretary and treasurer of the New Holland Turnpike Co., retaining the office until a short time prior to his death. Perhaps though Mr. Diller was best known for his deep knowledge on every subject. For twenty years he was known as the largest book buyer in Lancaster county, and it was his greatest delight to bury him- self among the thousands of volumes in his compre- hensive library, and to there enjoy the best thought of the world. Singularly unselfish, this great store- house of wisdom and pleasure was at the service of his friends, it seeming to be a gratification to him to have his "book friends" appreciated. Roland Diller was a son of Peter and Elizabeth Diller, of New Holland, the former of whom was a man of prominence in his time and one of the large landowners of this county. For many years Peter BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 29 Diller operated a hotel in New Holland, and he was well known as one of the county's substantial men. He owned live, well-improved farms at the time of his death. The children born to Peter and Elizabeth Diller were : Roland, who never married ; SolomOn, who married Margaret A. James ; Lydia, who mar- ried Rev. Peter Filbert; Catherine, who married Morris Wilson, and became the mother of Mrs. Moore; Mary, who married Henry Shirk; Samuel, who married Eliza Ringwalt ; and Elizabeth, who married Dr. John Luther, an eminent physician of New Holland. COL. DANIEL H. HERR. One of the most striking characters of Lancaster, a man whose life has closely touched the history of his native county durmg the past half century, who, as educator, citi- zen, patriot, soldier, professional man, merchant and attorney, has been identified with the rapidly grow- ing interests of Lancaster, and who to-day is most highly esteemed for his unique and eminently suc- cessful career is Col. Daniel H. Herr, mechanical engineer and patent attorney. Col. Herr is a worthy descendant of Hans Herr, the venerable pastor of the persecuted and faithful band of Mennonites, who, in 1709, upon the invita- tion of William Penn, settled in the fertile but primi- tively wild valley of the Conestoga. Hans Herr was a non-conformist of Schwabia, Austria, and one of a colony whom religious persecution had driven to Zurich, Switzerland. William Penn visited the col- ony, and invited them to find homes and rest from persecution in the Colony of Pennsylvania. Christian Herr, son of Hans, was one of a com- mittee appointed to visit the promised land. They crossed the ocean, selected a tract of 10,000 acres on the Conestoga, and the migration speedly followed. The people composing this colony were the first white settlers in this coimty, at that time a part of Chester county. Hans Herr had five sons : Abraham, Chris- tan, Emanuel, Isaac and John. They were the an- cestors of the Herr family which for the past two centuries has been conspicuous and eminently ser- viceable in the development of Lancaster county. Abraham Herr, the first son of Hans Herr, was a grandfather when he came to America, and he set- tled in Lancaster township on the east side of the Wabank road, near the Mennonite Meeting House. This old homestead is still in the possession of an Abraham Herr. There he reared a large family and died at a ripe old age. One of his (Abraham's) sons, was Emanuel Herr, who was the great-grand- father of Daniel H. Herr, and he (Emanuel) was given a portion of the ancestral acres in Lancaster township. Christian Herr, his son, and the grandfather of Daniel H., was reared on part of the old home farm. He married Catherine Kauflfman, the only daughter of John Kauffman, and died comparatively young in years. Daniel Herr, son of Christian and the father of Daniel H., was born in Lancaster township June 6, 1809, and became a farmer and mill owner. He married on March 9, 1830, Susannah M. Horn- berger, who was born July 10, 181 1, daughter of Ste- phen Hornberger, who kept a well known tavern on the Columbia turnpike. She was a descendant on her mother's side from Henry Gross, a pioneer of Lancaster, who imported a communion set from Wurtemberg for the use of Zion's Lutheran Church of this city. Daniel Herr engaged in farming for a time on the old homestead, which he sold, and later farmed for some years on- the Conestoga creek, now known as the Brubaker farm. He sold the latter farm, and removed to Manheim township, where he bought the Dietrich farm of 167 acres, and later re- tired to Eden, where he died Sept. 12, 1852, aged forty-three years. His widow survived until Sept. 16, 1875, passing away at the age of sixty-four years. To Daniel and Susannah Herr were born ten chil- dren, of whom five survive. Daniel H. Herr was born Jan. 14, 1835, ^t Mil- lersville, Lancaster Co., Pa., where his father had purchased a home, and his boyhood was spent in Manheim township. His early education was re- ceived there, and in Cumberland county. When a lad of eighteen (in 1853), after the death of his fa- ther, he went to Dayton, Ohio, where he was em- ployed in a dry-goods store. Returning to Lancas- ter county in 1856, he engaged in teaching school, and soon after entered the State Normal school at Millersville, graduating in the scientific course in 1858. He was at once appointed professor of pen- manship, drawing and bookkeeping, and assistant in mathematics, filling these positions for four years. In the spring of 1862, Professor Herr, together with Professor Andrew R. Byerly and Hon. David N. Fell recruited Co. E, of the i22d P. V. I., nine months' service, thirty-six students of the Normal School being enrolled in the company. Prof. Herr, as he was then known, toid Prof. Byerly that he in- tended to enter the army, and Prof. Byerly said that if he (Herr) took the initiative, he too, would go. They shook hands, Mr. Herr went to Harrisburg, saw Gov. Curtin, was accepted, was commissioned second lieutenant, and was sworn in as mustering officer. Returning to the Normal School, he ex- hibited his commission and appointed a meeting with the students. The rest is easily told. Thirty-six students joined the company, and Col. (then lieu- tenant) Herr, assisted by Mr. Byerly and Mr. Fell, recruited the remainder in Lancaster. Prof. Byerly was made captain. Prof. Herr first lieutenant, and M'r. Fell second lieutenant. Col. Herr was mustered in as first lieutenant on July 26, 1862, and was mustered out May 16, 1863. The regiment joined the Army of the Potomac, was in the second battle of Bull Run, under fire at Fredericksburg, and en- gaged at Chancellorsville. Lieut. Herr, on Aug. 4th (before the battle of Chancellorsville) was made quartermaster of Piatt's Brigade, then in Gen. Stur- gis' Independent Division ; and, after the second bat- 30 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY tie of Bull Run, this Brigade became the First Brigade, Third Division, Third Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, under Gens. McClellan, Burnside and Hooker. He participated in the engagements at Pleasant Valley, Harper's Ferry, Berlin, Warren- town Junction and Falmouth. After a regular quartermaster reported for duty, Lieut. Herr was de- tailed to go to Washington on important missions, the order coming from the corps commander; and, later, he was one of the detail on general court mar- tial in the field, the army then lying before Freder- icksburg. This was during the fall and winter of 1862-63. During the summer of 1863, Lieut. Herr and others raised a company of Pennsylvania militia for emergency service, which became a part of the 47di Regiment. Lieut. Herr was commissioned adju- tant of the regiment, which followed Lee in his re- treat to the Potomac, being a part of Gen. John E. Wool's troops, organized for the defense of the State, and later they did service in Schuylkill coun- ty, in suppressing the "Mollie Maguires." He then served as post adjutant of Taggart's Free Military School at Philadelphia, Pa., for training ofiEcers for colored troops. Passing Gen. Casey's board of ex- amination at Washington, he was recommended by the board for rank of Lieut. Colonel. Accepting a captaincy, he was assigned to Co. F, i22d regiment, infantry. United States Colored Troops, at Lexing- ton, Ky. The regiment was attached to the Army of the James, under Gen. Butler, and saw active service in the operations before Petersburg and Richmond, and the many engagements involved in that cam- paign. After the surrender of Gen. Lee, at Appo- mattox Court House, the 2Sth Army Corps was or- ganized at City Point, and this corps was assigned to the Department of the South, under Gen. Phil. Sheri- dan, with headquarters at New Orleans. This corps, under command of Gen. Weitzel, was sent to Texas, covering the entire southern part of that State. 'Capt. Herr was detailed by Gen. Weitzel as assist- ant inspector general stationed at Corpus Christi, Texas, where he remained until the troops were dis- charged in the spring of 1866. Prior to that, how- ever, Capt. Herr had been made a member of the Court of Claims, created by order of Gen. Sheridan, and assisted in the adjustment of the claims of citi- zens for confiscated property. Returning to Lancaster, Capt. Herr re-entered civil life as a draughtsman for the old Norris Loco- motive Works, where he did work for the Pennsyl- vania, the Chicago & Northwestern, the St. Louis, Alton & Terre Haute, and the Lehigh Valley rail- roads, and during this period, two of the heaviest locomotives then known to the world, were con- structed, each locomotive weighing sixty tons, and having five pairs of driving wheels connected. He remained with this company until 1868, when, owing to the death of one of the firm, it suspended opera- tions. Going to Reading, Pa., Mr. Herr made a deal with the Howe Sewing Machine Co., securing con- trol of several counties, and doing business in his own name. In 1878 he removed to Philadelphia, making that city for a time his headquarters as a commercial traveler. Returning to Lancaster in 1879, he was for one year principal of the Mulberry Street Grammar School, in Lancaster, and then taught school for one year at Florin, same county. In 1 88 1 Col. Herr returned to Lancaster, accept- ing a position as bookkeeper for Richard Blicken- derfer, iron founder. A little later he became draughtsman for David H. Kulp, pattern maker and patent attorney, and when the latter concluded to re- tire from the patent business, Mr. Herr purchased and has since continued this active and successful work. In 1879 at Philadelphia, Mr. Herr married Miss Emma Adams, a native of Lebanon county, daughter of Jacob and Mary Adams, her father having been formerly a well known business man of Reading. To Mr. and Mrs. Herr was born one son, Paul Adams, a graduate of Franklin and Marshall College, after- ward taking a post-graduate course in Chemistry and Physics, and securing his master degree in June, 1901 ; he is now at the head of the Department of Natural Science in Lincoln Memorial University, Cumberland Gap, Tenn. Col. and Mrs. Herr are prominent members of St. James Episcopal Church. He is a stanch Republican in politics, and a member of George H. Thomas post, No. 84, G. A. R. In 1875, he was appointed by Gov. Hartranft, Major and Aide-de-camp on the staflf of Maj. Gen. Bolton, commanding the second Division, National Guard of Pennsylvania. In that capacity he performed valu- able service during the railroad riots of 1876 and 1877. He is a public-spirited citizen of Lancaster, and one of its most highly esteemed citizens ; while as a patent attorney, his work is of such a conscien- tious and intelligent character, as to win and hold for him the most prominent inventors and manufac- turers in the community as his clients. STEELE. The Steele family, many of whose members were conspicuous for patriotism and gallantry during the Revolutionary war, is of great antiquity. The original members came from Scotland. The first mention we have of the family in this state is in the history of Chester county. At an early date Ninian Steele with his wife and chil- dren, came from the North of Ireland and settled in New London township, Chester county. There he died in 1745, leaving a wife, Mary, and six chil- dren, as follows: Robert; Martha; Samuel, who died in 1760; Susannah; Ninian; and William. Samuel Steele, second son of Ninian, resided at what is known as "Thunder Hill," New London township. He died in May, 1760, leaving eleven children: Robert; Ruth, born 1719, married Sam- uel Futhey in 1750, and he died Jan. 27, 1790; Jane, married George Campbell, and he died in March, 1812, leaving eight children; Samuel; Francis; Joseph; James, married Isabella Read, of New London, and his descendants went to west- ern Virginia; William, born 1731, married Eliza- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 31 beth Magee, Jan., 1756, and died Sept. 5, 1797 (she died July 5, 1779) ; Ninian ; Ann ; and Elizabeth, married and settled in Northumberl'and county, with other members of the family. William Steele, probably the youngest son of Ninian, settled near Chestnut Level. On the break- ing out of the Revolution he was appointed First Lieutenant, First Pennsylvania Battalion of the Flying Camp, June to December, 1776. He was a representative man among the early settlers. He obtained a large tract of land on the west side of the Octoraro. William Steele, son of William, noted in above paragraph was also a staunch supporter of Ameri- can Independence. He was also appointed a lieu- tenant during the Revolutionary war and married Abigail, a sister of Francis Bailey, of Sadsbury. James Steele, son of William and Abigail, was born in Sadsbury township about the beginning of the Revolutionary war. He was in the War of 1812, and became a brigadier general in the same. He died about 1840. General John Steele was born in Drumore town- ship in the year 1758. His parents had emigrated from Scotland at an early date. He was prominent in the Revolutionary war and was elected State Sena- tor of Pennsylvania in 1801. He died Feb. 27, 1827. Archibald Steele was a brother of Gen. John Steele, and raised one of the first Lancaster county companies in the Revolutionary war. His com- pany was in the famous march to Quebec in the winter of 1775. He died in Philadelphia in 1832. He had three sons, George, William, and Matthias, in the War of 181 2. HUGH STANLEY GARA was in his life- time one of the prominent citizens of Lancaster, not only as one of the best insurance men of the county, but also as a public-spirited citizen and a Mason of high degree. Active in every line in which he be- came interested, he not only made a success in his chosen life work, but found time to serve his fel- low citizens well without sacrificing one for the other, and in Masonic circles he was widely known and highly esteemed. Mr. Gara came of a race which Pennsylvania especially has reason to thank for many of her best citizens, his parents, Patrick and Mary Gara, both having been natives of the North of Ireland. Their marriage took place in Lancaster county. Pa., and here were born to them four children, all now de- ceased : Isaac B. was a prominent citizen of Erie, this State, where he edited the Erie Gazette, and served as postmaster : he was deputy secretary of the Com- monwealth under Gov. Geary. Samuel H. was a resident of Philadelphia. Hugh Stanley is men- tioned below. Margaret married Joseph Baldwin, a farmer of Ogdensburg, New York. Hugh Stanley Gara was born March 28, 18 17, in Soudersburg, East Lampeter township, this ■county, where he lived until he was eleven years of age, and in the public schools of which locality he received his first instruction. Later he attended the Parkesburg (Pa.) Academy. At the age of seventeen he commenced to learn the mercantile business, his first employment being in the mercan- tile store of James WhitehJl, in Strasburg Borough, and he was subsequently with James Shirk, in the same place. He was still a youth when he came to Lancaster and entered the store of David Markley, from whose employment he went to Boon & Cock- ley, serving three years as manager of their foundry. He then formed a partnership with David Cockley, conducting a general dry goods store, of which, after some years, in 1845, he became sole proprietor, continuing in this line for twenty-five years. Mr. Gara first took up the insurance business in 1840, being always looked upon as the pioneer in that field in Lancaster, and after retiring from mercantile life devoted his business hours to general insurance until 1 89 1, when, because of his advancing age, he sold out, Christopher Hager purchasing his in- terest in that line. He was the veteran insurance man of Lancaster, and was highly thought of as an able and successful man in that line. He was a stock holder and manager of the Keystone Watch Co., of which he was one of the founders (only under another name) and was its president for many years. All Mr. Gara's business transactions Were charac- terized by the utmost honesty and strictest integ- rity, traits which were recognized and thoroughly appreciated by all with whom he had dealings. After relinquishing the activities of business life he gave himself almost entirely to the duties of no- tary public, acting as such twenty-five years prior to his death, and to the work of the Masonic fra- ternity, serving as secretary, continuing for a period of twenty-five years, in various Masonic bodies. He attained to the thirty-second degree, and at the time of his death was one of the best known and oldest Masons in the locality. He was "made" Feb. 12, 1862, in Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M., of which he was elected secretary in 1864. He also held that office in Chapter No. 42, R. A. M., was recorder of Good- win Council, No. 19, R. S. E. & S. M. ; Commander of Commandery No. 13, K. T. ; and a charter mem- ber of Lancaster Lodge of Perfection, A. A. S. R., and its secretary for many years. He was secre- tary of all bodies named at the time of his decease, which occurred March 9, 1896, in Lancaster. He was also a member of the I. O. O. F. Mr. Gara was laid to rest in Lancaster cemetery with every mark of respect and honor due so worthy a citizen, and his death was mourned as a loss to the community, in general. Though ever busy, Mr. Gara always found time to be affable and courteous, and he was exceed- ingly pleasant to all with whom he came in contact, whether in the business world, in social life, or in the domestic circle. Mr. Gara was a stanch Republican, and not as a partisan but as a patriotic citizen, and took an active part in public affairs in his locality. He held office 82 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY as a matter of duty, and evidently discharged the du- ties of the various incumbencies to which he was chosen in the same spirit. For many years he was a member of the school board, of which he was sec- retary during some fifteen years of that time ; he was one of the board of prison inspectors for nine years, and also served as county recorder. As will be seen, his services seems to have been especially in demand as secretary, and in addition to his work in that line already mentioned, he held such relations to the Lan- caster Board of Trade for two years. For many years he was president of the Union Building & Loan Association. A life long member of the Presbyte- rian Church, Mr. Gara served as a member of the board of trustees of the local congregation, for forty years, until his death, and was president of the same for nine years. He was an elder for thirty years, and, in fact, was zealous and active in all that per- tained to the welfare of his home church especially, and Christianity in general, his earnest efforts in this connection, however, being no more than might be expected of one so deeply interested in moral ad- vancement everywhere. He was orderly sergeant in the Lancaster Fencibles, a crack military organiza- tion. On Oct. 15, 1841, Mr. Gara was married in Lan- caster to Sarah J. Buck, and two children blessed this union : William H., who died young ; and Elizabeth Batterson. The latter is a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution, claiming descent from early American ancestry through her mother, who was born in Lancaster, Sept. 19, 1820, a grand- daughter of John Okely (who was a member of the Constitutional Congress) and who died March 13, 1890, at the age of sixty-seven years. She was a daughter of William and Elizabeth (Okely) Buck, the former a native of Bedford, England, the latter of Bethlehem, Pa. Both died in Lancaster county, and the father is buried in St. James Episcopal cem- etery, the mother in the Lancaster cemetery. They had a family of seven children, one son and six daughters, of whom Sarah J., Mrs. Gara, was the youngest. John Okely, of Northampton county, Pa., Mrs. Gara's grandfather, was a member of Congress from Northampton county in 1773-74-75. He served during the Revolutionary war, first as lieutenant, and finally became assistant commissary general, remain- ing in the army until the close of the struggle. BENJAMIN R. KREIDER, a resident of West Lampeter township, and one of the more prominent men of Lancaster county, was born in East Lam- peter township, Aug. 18, 1855, and is a son of Isaac and Anna (Rohrer) Kreider, both of whom are still living in East Lampeter township. Benjamin R. Kreider was educated in the pub- lic schools, and after he had passed his twenty- first birthday began operations on his own account as a fence builder, in which work he was engaged for five years. For the past nineteen years he has been employed in gathering and delivering milk to the creameries and the caramel factory. Mr. Kreider owns a small farm of seven acres which he pur- chased in the spring of 1892. This property is in West Lampeter township; the residence has been greatly rebuilt by him, and the other buildings on the place have been changed and added to, Mr. Kreider expending some fifteen hundred dollars in adapting the place to dairy purposes. It is said Mr. Kreider delivers more milk to the factory than any other contractor in the county, his daily aver- age being seven thousand pounds or more. Benjamin R. Kreider was married Oct. 10, 1876, to Susan, a daughter of John and Susan (Wenger) Musser, of Earl township. Mrs. Kreid- er was born Jan. 21, 1856, and became the mother of the following children ; Anna Mary, Harry Mus- ser, Clara Bertha, Lizzie B., Ada May and Elmer Benjamin. Mrs. Kreider died May 27, 1901, and with her husband belonged to the Old Mennonite Church. His two oldest children are married, Anna Mary is the wife of Jesse Kreider, of Salis- bury, who is an extensive farmer and dairyman; Harry M. married Fannie Shriner, of Manheim township, and is an employe of the silk mills in Lancaster township, having his home in West Lam- peter township. HUGH M. NORTH. Among the legal lights of Pennsylvania the name of Hugh M. North, of Columbia, shines as a star of the first magnitude. His mastery of legal lore, his tenacious memory, his natural ability, have all combined to make him one of the foremost lawyers of the State, one who is con- sulted by the members of his own profession and one whose decisions are regarded as ultimate. Mr. North was born May 7, 1826, in Juniata county, Pa., a son of John North, of Scotch-Irish descent, and his wife, Jane McAlister, whose father, Hugh McAlister, of Revolutionary fame, was the founder of McAlisterville, Pa. Hugh M. North was given as good educational facilities as his father's circumstances permitted, and when twenty years of age he was graduated with honor from the academy at Mifflinburg, Pa. He then entered the office of Judge Casey, of Union county, who later became Chief Justice of the United States Court of Claims. Young North applied himself to his studies with the same energy that had characterized his school wOrk, and when he went to take his examination for ad- mission to the Bar he had a fund of legal knowledge superior to many lawyers then old in practice. He was admitted to the Bar in Union county in March, 1849, ^^'^ i" the August following to the Lancaster County Bar. Columbia was chosen as the future home of the young lawyer, and there he immediately entered upon his practice. His fine intellectual at- tainments soon won recognition, and before long his time was fully occupied, and his large and lucrative practice yielded him a handsome competence. There were calls fo^ his services from all over the State, and every important case in his own vicinity found' <^.^. .//^.^^7 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 83 him actively interested on one side or the other. In every branch of the law he seems equally at home, and the thoroughness with which he studies the sub- ject under litigation, his skill, his insight into human nature, and his fine presence, make him a tower of great strength before courts and juries. His gen- erous disposition has prevented him from putting any obstacles in the paths of younger members of the profession; instead, he is ever willing to aid in any way those who seek his counsel. In 1880 he was instrumental in organizing the Lancaster County Bar Association, for the "improvement of law and its administration," and so generally was his pre- eminence conceded that he was unanimously elected president, to which office he has been re-elected annually ever since. He is a prominent member of the American Bar Association, and for a time was a member of its council for the, State of Pennsyl- vania. Questions of public importance, local or national, have found in Mr. North a deep and intelligent student. He has held a number of offices in the bor- ough of Columbia, and in 1854 became a member of the State Legislature, having been elected on the Democratic and Independent tickets.- In i860 he was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention held at Charleston, S. C, and there served on a num- ber of important committees. Active work in that convention required the exercise of rare judgment, and it was men like Mr. North who were able to carry it through with honor and with dignity. In 1864 he was the Democratic candidate for Congress against the late Thaddeus Stevens, and in 1872 was the opponent of A. Herr Smith ; in 1874 he was a candidate before the State Convention for lieuten- ant governor, and polled the second highest vote; in 1876 he was delegate-at-large to the Democratic Convention at St. Louis. Mr. North's work has brought him many well- deserved honors. He is solicitor for the Pennsyl- vania Co., the Philadelphia & Reading Railway Co., two national banks of Columbia, and many other corporations, including iron companies, insurance companies, etc. He is president of the First Na- tional Bank of Columbia, and a director in a num- ber of other corporations. Mr. North is a member of the Episcopal Church, and a vestryman of St. Paul's, Columbia, and rec- tor's warden. He has been for many years a member of the standing committee of the Diocese of Central Pennsylvania, and was a deputy to the general con- ventions of 1895, 1898 and 1901. He was honored some years ago with the degree of LL. D. from Franklin and Marshall College. On Dec. 23, 1868, Mr. North was united in mar- riage with Miss Serena M. Franklin, daughter of the late Thomas E. Franklin, LL. D., of Lancaster, well known and prominent in the legal circles of the State, and Attorney General of Pennsylvania under Gbvs. Johnson and Pollock. To Mr. and Mrs. North have been born two children, viz. : Serena 3 Mayer, who on April 11, 1901, was married to Jo- seph Baldwin Hutchinson, general manager of the Pennsylvania Railway Co. ; and Hugh M., Jr., who graduated from Yale University in June, 1897, and- is now a member of the Lancaster Bar. HUGH MAXWELL was born Dec. 7, 1777, iri' Ireland, and when quite a young man he came tO' Philadelphia. At the age of nineteen he entered into partner-- ship with Matthew Carey in that city, Carey being a- printer of prominence. They published one of the' early literary magazines and subsequently Maxwell' edited the Port Folio.. Whilst in the book-publishing: business he made his own engravings aind cast his own type. Meeting with losses in the financial crisis following the war of 1812, he abandoned the printing business and for a while engaged in the pursuits of a farmer. In 1817 he removed to Lancaster and began the publication of the Lancaster Gazette. Subse- quently he purchased the Lancaster Journal, which he edited until 1839. This paper was one of the- ablest Democratic newspapers of Pennsylvania. He was the inventor of the printer's roller which wa* patented in 1817. In 1820 he was one of the most active promoters of the Conestoga Navigation Com- pany, which had for its object the improvement of the Conestoga creek. When the subject of uniting Philadelphia and Columbia by railroad was mooted he called the first meeting at Columbia having that object in view. Mr. Maxwell was one of the found- ers of the Mechanics' Literary Association of Lan- caster, and became its first president. The Lykens Valley and Short Mountain coal fields were discov- ered by him and William White, an ex-sheriff of Lancaster, and they sent the first coal from that sec- tion to market. Mr. Maxwell was a vigorous writer and as an editor had few superiors in his day. His editorials were bold and fearless and showed much independ- ence of thought. He died Nov. i, i860. REV. EMANUEL VOGEL GERHART, D. D., LL. D., Professor of Theology and President of the Theological Seminary of "the Reformed Church in the United States," located at Lancaster, is one of the most remarkable men not only of this local- ity and great religious body, but of the State. At the age of eighty-five years he still stands in the van- guard of theological achievement, vigorous in mind and body, controlling great religious interests and! managing business affairs with the clear judgment of a man of fifty. Dr. Gerhart comes of sturdy, Pennsylvania an- cestry, his grandfather, Abraham Gerhart, having^ been born in Sellersville, Bucks county, this State, where he lived an honest, industrious life as a farm- er, and reared a family to become respected mem- bers of society. Dr. Gerhart was born June 13, 1817, at Freeburg, Pa., where his father. Rev. Isaac Ger- hart, was pastor of the Reformed Church. His early 34 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALb (JF LAM CASTER COUNTY education was carefully looked after by his intelli- gent father, and at the age of sixteen years, he en- tered the High School which the Reformed Church. had established in 1831, at York, Pa., and of which the distinguished Rev. Frederick Augustus Ranch, Ph. D., was at that time the principal. When, in the fall of 1835, the School was removed to Mercers- burg, young Gerhart was one of the eighteen stu- dents who followed the removal of the Institution, and when, during the winter of 1836, the school de- veloped into a college, he became a member of the first sophomore class of .Marshall College. Gradu- ating from this noted institution in 1838, he then en tered the Theological Seminary of the German Re- formed Church, at that time located at Mercersburg and completed his theological studies in September. 1841. While pursuing his theological studies under the scholarly direction of the learned Drs. Ranch, Mayer and Nevin, he became a teacher himself, instructing in the School for Women, under the principalship of Mrs. Sarah Ann Young; also in the preparatory school of Marshall College until the autumn of 1842. Dr. Gerhart was examined and found worthy to be licensed to preach the Gospel, by the Synod of the Reformed Church in its session held afReading, Pa., in October, 1841, and was ordained to the ministry at the Grindstone Hill Church, in August, 1842, by a committee of the Mercersburg Classis. For one year this enthusiastic young clergyman was the pastor of four churches in the vicinity of Chambersburg, but in the following May he accepted a call to Gettys- burg. The succeeding six years and two months were occupied in his duties to four German-English churches, his labors being acceptable and being blessed in many ways. During the summer of 1849, Dr. Gerhart was commissioned a missionary to the foreign born Ger- mans located in Cincinnati, Ohio, and he accepted this charge with the same belief in his success that has been a great factor in all his work. For two years he faithfully filled this mission in that city, and the church was well satisfied with the result, while the experiences of a missionary made Dr. Gerhart still more competent to meet other demands. His next great work was the organization of churches through Ohio, Northern Kentucky, Wisconsin, Indi- ana and elsewhere, being a pioneer in many locali- ties, and making many of his ministerial trips on horseback. Mnny a neglected hamlet and forgotten household came to bless the name of Emanuel Vogel Gerhart. In the winter of 185 1, at a special meeting of the Synod of Ohio, Dr. Gerhart was elected Professor of Systematic Theologv in the Theological Seminary and President of Heidelberg Colle'^e, institutions which were +hen in their infancy. These were lo- cated at Tiffin. Ohio, a stronghold of the Reformed Church, and l^ere for four years, from 1851 to i85;5. Dr. Gerhart hhored in this double capacity in the in- terests of a liberal theological education, with a vigor only appreciated by those who know him best. It was in 1855 that the board of trustees of Franklin and Marshall College strengthened their faculty by making him the President of this growing institution, and the Professor of Mental and Moral Philosophy. Here he taught for thirteen years and was one of the most valued of the instruc- tors. In the spring of 1868, by the mother Synod of the Reformed Church, which is now called the East- ern Synod, he was chosen to the chair of Systematic Theology in the Theological Seminary, at that time located at Mercersburg. In 1871 this institution was moved to the city of Lancaster and during all these years the same position in the faculty has been held by Dr. Gerhart. To mention all the works in the way of books, es- says, lectures and valuable theological papers which have issued from the facile pen of Dr. Gerhart, would be a task indeed. Perhaps those which have attract- ed the most attention have been : A "Monograph of the Reformed Church;" "Philosophy and Logic;" "Institutes of the Christian Religion," in two vol- umes ; and in addition to these a notable contribution to theological literature which Dr. Gerhart has named "A Philosophical Introduction to Theology," which is in printed form, but which has not yet been offered to the general public. For more than a half- century his life has been spent as a Teacher in relig- ious colleges and seminaries of his church, utilizing his generous endowment of mental gifts in her ser- vice. As a clergyman he has administered the duties of his position with extraordinary success, and as an educator few can be named as his equal. Exceptional as has been his career in duration, he is a singularly unostentatious laborer, only those who have been ad- mitted into the inner recesses of his life, ever realiz- ing^he depths of his zeal or the extent of his useful- ness. Dr. Gerhart was married at Hagerstown, Md., on Jan. 3, 1843, to Miss Eliza Rickenbaugh, a native of that place, where her father, Martin Rickenbaugh, ■was formerly a well-known business man. Four chil- dren were born to this union : Col. William R., a graduate of Franklin and Marshall College, class of 1863, who was in the army during the Civil war, re- maining in the service until 1867, and is now a solic- itor of patents ; Rev. Robert Leighton, who was also educated in Franklin and Marshall College and a graduate of the Theological Seminary in the class of 1 87 1, and is a minister in the Reformed Church, in Lewisburg, Pa. ; Virginia, a young lady possessing rare talent as an artist ; and Paul, also a graduate of Franklin and Marshall College, who studied law and was admitted to the Bar, but gave up the profession to engage in the mercantile business, and who was removed from Hfe suddenly, in June, 1901. The wife and mother departed this life in Januarv, 1864, and in August, 1865, Dr. Gerhart was married to Mrs. Mary M. Hunter, widow of Frederick S. Hunter, 6f , BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 35 Reading, Pa. She passed away one year later, and after a widowerhood of nearly nine years Dr. Ger- Ivart was, on Dec. 29, 1875, married to Miss Lucia D. Cobb, eldest daughter of the Rev. Asahel Cobb, a dis- tinguished clergyman of the Congregational Church ■of Massachusetts, and the evening of the venerable •doctor's life is made bright by the companionship of this cultivated and intellectual companion. On June 13, 1897, Dr. Gerhart reached his eighti- «th birthda}', and no better evidence of the esteem in which he is held on account of his labors for the Reformed Church could be found than in the fact that the Reformed Church Messenger devoted its entire issue of that date to a most interesting and in- structive recital of the life events of this learned the- ologian, as viewed by many in high authority. Among the sketches gladly contributed appeared those from the pens of such friends as Dr.' Bowman, Prof. Schiedt and Hon. W. U. Hensel. Never be- fore in the history of the Messenger was there such tribute paid in its pages to any one. No better end- ing can be made to this inadequate sketch than in the words which close a paper written on Dr. Ger- hart by the editor of The Forum, and published in its issue of December, 1901 : "And now, let us briefly add, notwithstanding the modesty of this venerable man, that in no way is the lesson that all this active, struggling, useful, pure life has taught, better exemplified than in the mere sight and presence of the man himself as we see him still moving along the streets of I^ancaster, with step so wonderfully firm for his years, with mind so clear, with countenance so restful, with con- science so at ease, with soul so pure, we cannot but feel that that alone is sermon enough for one day." ELIPHALET ORAM LYTE, A. M., Pii. D., who has been principal of the First Pennsylvania State Normal School at Millersville since 1887, is one of the. most widely known and popular educa- tors of Lancaster county. He is beloved, as well as respected, among his pupils and all with whom he has had relations in his long and successful career, for though strict as a conscientious discharge of his duties requires him to be, he exercises his authority judiciously. He impres.ses his earnestness and sin- ■ceritv upon all; winning their admiration as well as allegiance, and in this fact no doubt lies the secret to much of his success with so many of his pupils. A lifelong devotion to the profession of his choice has made him peculiarly alive to its needs and require- ments, and no less active in attempting to supply them. His connection with the Normal School has covered the greater part of his life, so that his in- terest is as much one of affection as of duty. Dr. Lyte was born June 29, 1842, near Bird-in- Hand, Lancaster county, and there passed his early life, in the winter attending the public schools, and ■during the remainder of the year assisting his fa- ther in the care of his nursery. He had commenced preparation for college when the war of the Rebel- lion broke out, and he enlisted in the Union army for three years, serving his full term, and rising from the ranks of an infantry regiment to coinmis- sioned officer in a battery of light artillery. His regiment was attached to the Army of the Potomac, and he was actively engaged in a number of the great battles which it fought, proving efficient in every capacity. He was wounded at the battle of Chan- cellorsville, and has never completely recovered from the effects of the injury. Returning home at the close of the war Dr. Lyte resumed his studies, and commenced teaching, be- ing engaged two years in the district schools of Lan- caster county. Subsequently he became a pupil in the institution with which he has so long been connected, graduating therefrom in the regular course in 1868, and later taking up the scientific course, which he also completed. From the time of his graduation he has been a member of the Faculty, having first been elected Professor of Rhetoric and Bookkeep- ing, and later as Professor of Pedagogy and English Grammar. In 1887 he assumed the duties of his present position. His promotion to so responsible a position is the best evidence of his success in more subordinate, but equally important, work, and his long continuous service in that capacity is the best evidence of his worthiness to fill so great a trust. In addition to attending to his duties as principal, he fills the chair of Psychology and Logic. That he has not been without honor in his incumbency is shown by the fact that in 1878 Franklin and Mar- shall College conferred upon him the degree of Master of Arts, and in 1887 that of Doctor of Phil- osophy. Dr. Lyte has grown with the institution which has had so important a bearing on the intellectual life of Lancaster county. During his connection with the Normal School he has watched with pride, and aided in, her liberal expansion, which has been in keeping with the sj^irit of this advanced age, and with the constantly increasing patronage she has enjoyed. The number of pupils at present is "larger than in any similar institution in the State. The course of study has been broadened, many branches having been taken up which add to the interest of the work, widen the student's outlook, increase his efficiency for the duties for which he is preparing, and thus affect the value and raise the standard of the common schools. The various buildings include gymnasium, library, physical science and mechanical arts buildings, all of which have been found neces- sary with the growing needs of the estabUshment. Dr. Lyte has kept abreast of the times in his own studies, Language, Philosophy and Pedagogy be- ing his specialties. He is the author of a number of text books, a series on Language, one on Book- keeping and several on Music, and is a popular lec- turer on educational and literary topics, having many valuable ideas on the subject of public educa- tion especially. He is an eminently practical man, and as such his opinions are received with marked 36 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY respect. Many of his plans for the development of the Normal, and the broadening of its usefulness, have been put into operation with complete success. Practically all his energies have been turned into' this one channel, his love for his work being of that genuine kind which overcomes all obstacles and out- lasts discouragement. He has frequently declined positions more lucrative, and which promised more renown, his attachment for his institution proving too strong to be easily severed. The Millersville State Normal has always borne a high reputation, and the standard has been elevated considerably under the present administration. Dr. Lyte has al- ways been in hearty sympathy with educational or- ganizations, and in 1891 was honored with election to the office of president of the Pennsylvania Teach- ers' Association. He is a life member of the Na- tional Educational Association, of which he has served as director for a number of years. He was president of the N. E. A. in 1899, and he has also been vice-president of the council of education of that body. He is likewise a member of the Amer- ican Academy of Political Science. Fraternally Dr. Lyte is a thirty-third degree Mason, receiving his last degree in 1885 ; he also holds membership in the Loyal Legion, the Grand Army of the Republic, and the Society of the Sons of the Revolution. In March, 1872, Dr. Lyte married Mary Mcjun- kin, daughter of Dr. Isaiah Mcjunkin, of Phila- delphia, and they have had two children, Louis and Gilbert. Dr. and Mrs. Lyte are members of the Episcopal Church. They are widely known socially, and are everywhere esteemed among the circle of their acquaintances. THADDEUS STEVENS represented Lancas- ter county in the United States House of Represen- tatives during the last ten years of his eventful life. It is the highest honor this district, then the Ninth Congressional District of Pennsylvania, has ever known. During those years he did more than any other man in Congress to shape the policy of the Na- tion, both in war and in peace, to advance the cause of human freedom, to which his life had been de- voted, and to save from dismemberment the Amer- ican republic, the hope of the world. And the Na- tion, saved and regenerate, conferred upon him a title higher than King — the Great Commoner. We believe that he was brought by divine providence to do his appointed work, as much as was George Washington or Abraham Lincoln. FroiTi 1861 to 1865 Abraham Lincoln and Thaddeus Stevens were |:he two mightiest forces in the land in shaping the policy and determining the destiny of the Nation. As Henry Watterson has said, "Thaddeus Stevens was the House of Representatives" during these four years of Titanic strife. Many of our people know him only as a name. We wish to present such a con- nected sketch as will give them more definite knowl- edge of his life and work. He was born in Danville, Vt., April 4, 1792. His parents were Joshua and Sarah (Morrill) Stevens, who removed from Me- thuen, Essex Co., Mass., about the year 1786. He was evidently of Anglo-Saxon stock, though little is known of his ancestors. His father was a surveyor and shoemaker. He resurveyed the town of Dan- ville in 1790, and his . measurements are the legal lines to-day. He was an athlete and a famous wrestler, but a man of rather dissipated habits. When he died or where is not known with certainty. In the war of 18 12 he is said to have enlisted as a soldier, and in the attack on Oswego to have re- ceived a bayonet wound from which he died a few days afterward. Thaddeus never wearied in talking of his mother and of the noble fight she made with penury in bringing up her four boys. She was a remarkable woman, and her sons all achieved distinc- tion. The eldest became a judge in Illinois ; Alan- son, the second son, was a practicing physician of high reputation at the time of his death. The third of the brothers became a farmer and was a gentle- man of intelligence and culture. Thaddeus, the youngest, was the one on whom especially she placed her affections. The boy, though healthy, was in some degree deformed. He had a club foot, and doubtless required greater attention than the others. He could never sufficiently acknowledge his indebt- edness to her. Long years after he said of her : "I really think the greatest pleasure of my life resulted from my ability to give my mother a farm of 250 acres and a dairy of fourteen cows, and an occasional bright gold piece, which she loved to de- posit in the contributors' box of the Baptist Church, which she attended. This always gave her much pleasure and me much satisfaction. My mother was. a very extraordinary woman. I have met very few women like her. My father was not a well-to-do man, and the support and education of the family depended upon my mother. She worked day and night to educate me. I was feeble and lame in youth, and as I could not work on the farm, she con- cluded to give me an education. I tried to repay her afterward, but the debt of a child to his mother, you know, is one of the debts we can never pay." He gratefully cherished her memory to the last, and by his will he established a fund, the income of which was forever to be used to plant each springtime "roses and other cheerful flowers" upon her grave. The mother moved from Danville to Peacham, where there was an academy, that she might educate her boys. During his early years Mr. Stevens was a very diligent reader of everything that came in his way. When about fifteen he taught school and started a library in the town. There he prepared for college, entering the Sophomore class at Dartmouth in 181 1. Two terms of his Junior year were spent at the University of Vermont, and his Senior year at Dartmouth, where he graduated in 1814. The records of the university show him as a speaker in a "Forensic Disputation" in 1813, and tell of a drama, "The Fall of Helvetic Liberty," a tragedy in THADDEUS STEVENS. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 87 three acts by Thaddeus Stevens, in which the author played one of the parts. When he graduated at Dartmouth he was twenty- two years old. He determined to study law, and, as his native State did not afford the opportunities he desired, he removed to Pennsylvania. There he taught for a time in an academy at York while read- ing law. He visited Lancaster, after his admission to the Bar, but finally decided to open an ofHce at Gettysburg.. It was discouraging experience for the young lawyer, and he was on the point of leaving the place when a case of murder, such that no other would undertake the defense of the criminal, came into his hands. He astonished everybody by his skill, his eloquence and the display of those qualities which afterward made him one of the ablest and most noted lawyers in the United States. His fame spread, and he was soon employed on one side or another of nearly every important case tried in that part of the State. He did much work gratuitously. Many a man, claimed as a slave, gained his freedom through , Mr. Stevens, and, when legal expedients failed, he at. times paid out of his own pocket the price demanded for the slave. There he spent fifteen years of his intense life, gaining in actual practice that ready and familiar acquaintance with the law for which he was noted above other men. Mr. Stevens took little part in politics until 1829, when the Anti-Masonic excitement swept over Pennsylvania. "He once told me," says Alexander H. Hood, Esq., for. many years a member of the Lancaster Bar, a man of unusual native ability and a close personal friend of Mr. Stevens, to whose sketch, written in 1871, we are indebted for much that is ■contained in this article, "that the last talk he had with James Buchanan, who was an ardent Democrat, was in 1827, at York. They had both been engaged on the same side in the trial of a cause, and when the jury were out they walked down a lane some distance from the town and took a seat on the top rail of the fence. Buchanan suggested that it was a good time for a man of brains to enter politics, and added that Stevens would do well to come into the support of Jackson. Stevens answered by saying that he saw the advantages of such a course, but would not for- sake his old opinions, which he believed to be right, for the sake of joining a party in which he had no faith." They took opposite sides in politics and often assailed each other bitterly. The first became President of the United States, occupying the White House at one end of Pennsylvania avenue, while at the same time, from his own State, his own county, his own city, the second stood at the other end of the avenue, recognized as the mightiest man in the Uni- ted States Congress. In 1 83 1 Mr. Stevens was elected to the Legisla- ture from Adams county. His ability was, of course, recognized, though he was of the unpopular minor- ity. Few men have ever been more foully abused by an opposition press. He was charged with all man- ner of evil, but cared little or nothing to refute calumny. He had favored the free school law of 1834, introduced by Hon. Samuel Breck, of Philadel- phia, who had come to the Senate for the sole pur- pose of securing its passage. This law had passed with little opposition, but revulsion of feeling all over the State at the prospect of taxation for the pro- posed system of free schools sent back a Legislature pledged to its repeal. Mr. Stevens had not served on the committee on Education and had taken no part in preparing the bill of 1834. He had little to do also with the educational work of the session of 1834- 35 until the crisis came and he saw the infant free schools in danger of destruction. Then, gathering up his great strength, he threw himself with his whole soul into the contest, and won the day, not more by his eloquent, inspiring words, than by the bold and resolute position which he assumed. Com- petent judges of all parties who witnessed the fight agree that had he not stood like a rock, furnishing shelter and imparting strength to the free school combatants, and bidding defiance to the fiercest of those who would have struck them down, the law of 1834 would have been swept from the statute books or been saved only by a veto from the gover- nor, and the day of universal education in Pennsyl- vania would have been postponed for years. One who was present. Dr. George Smith, of Delaware, wrote in 1880, "Stevens's speech was one of the most powerful I ever heard. The House was electrified, and the school system was saved from ignominious defeat." In honor of its author, the speech was beau- tifully printed on silk by some school men in Read- ing, and proudly kept by him as a relic till his death. It is given in the Pennsylvania School Journal for July, 1865, along with another which he made in 1838, in behalf of a bill to establish a school of art in Philadelphia, in which he championed most vigor- ously the higher institutions of learning. "Immedi- ately after Mr. Stevens concluded this great effort," says Hon. John W. Forney, "he received a message from George Wolf, then Democratic governor of Pennsylvania, and a leading member of the Masonic fraternity. Gov. Wolf was the firm friend of popu- lar education. Of a different and more methodical character, he did not and could not bring to the movement the attributes with which God had clothed Thaddeus Stevens ; but he was earnest and sincere. When Mr. Stevens, in response to his invitation, en- tered the Executive Chamber, he threw his arms about his neck, and, with tearful eyes and broken voice, thanked him for the great service he had ren- dered to our common humanity." We have always thought, in reading of this educational crisis and the far-reaching result of his victory, that the greatest thing Mr. Stevens did at this time was, providen- tially, to hold Samuel Breck's crude law of 1834 in- tact, for the work of Thomas H. Burrowes, secretary of the Commonwealth, during the three years of the Ritner administration, and the calling of this re- markable man to the organization, direction, im- provement and support of the school system of Penn- ,38 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY sylvania for the rest of his life of extraordinary use- fulness. We have seen and heard Mr. Stevens spoken of as the "father of the school system." He used to laugh at this as very ridiculous. No man in Pennsylvania history has ever inerited such title of distinction, and he was the last man to assume or allow it. His service to the schools was great be- yond estimate, but that of Dr. Burrowes far greater. "Old Thad." and "Old Tom," as they came to be familiarly known, were near friends for nearly forty years, and to no other two men of the past generation do the schools of the State owe so great a debt of ob- ligation. In the Constitutional Convention of 1837 he was a conspicuous figure. The debates fill thirteen large volimies. Stevens refused to affix his signature to the result of their deliberations because the new Con- stitution limited the right to vote to "white" citi- zens. His name alone, of all the members of the con- vention, was conspicuous by its absence. In 1838 Mr. Stevens was appointed by Gov. Ritner a member of the Board of Canal Commis- sioners. The political triumvirate of Pennsylvania was at that time Ritner, Burrowes and Stevens. The Gubernatorial campaign of that year was most bit- terly contested. The excitement was unprecedented. Thomas H. Burrowes was chairman of the State Central Committee of his party, and Thaddeus Ste- vens was the master spirit of the campaign. These men stood shoulder to shoulder through the stubborn fight. Ritner was defeated. The organization of the Legislature was delayed for weeks. At the most critical period in this fierce struggle bloodshed was looked for at any moment. Political ruffians from the Philadelphia slums and elsewhere were present with the avowed purpose to "kill Stevens." He faced the storm at Harrisburg with the same de- fiant, unflinching courage which he displayed nearly a generation later at Washington. Each faction or- ganized its own "house" — the "Hopkins House" and the "Stevens House" — ^but finally victory fell to the other party, who had retained possession of the Rep- resentatives' chamber. Stevens refused to recog- nize the legality of the "Hopkins House," and re- mained absent during its sessions. Later he at- tended an adjourned session, at the request of his constituents. The leader of the opposition party had a resolution passed, providing for the appoint- ment of a committee to inquire into his status as a member of the body. He contemptuously refused to appear before this committee, but sent them a letter which conclusively established the illegality of their proceedings and his absolute right of membership. The House by a party vote declared his seat vacant, and ordered a new election. He was returned by a large majority. The Legislature the next winter gave him "satisfaction" by expelling the member who had been responsible for his own expulsion. "While an intense partisan, he had won an acknowl- edged position as the most formidable debater and perhaps the greatest orator at that time in public life in Pennsylvania." Mr. Stevens took part in the Harrison campaign in 1840, and after the election was slated for a cabinet position, but this appointment was prevented by Clay and Webster. Stevens never forgave Webster for the part he took in this transaction ; nor did he go into the support of Clay in 1844, till Clay made known to Stevens that, should he be elected, atone- ment would be made for past wrong. Mr. Stevens closed his service in the Legislature of Pennsylvania with the session of 1841. His long- continued attention to politics, and the large sums he expended, had materially impaired his fortune. He had also lost very heavily through the operations of a partner in the iron business. In the summer of 1842 he saw that Gettysburg did not afford an ade- quate field for his professional practice, and this in- duced his removal to Lancaster in August of that year. His course in 1844 has been already noticed, and from that time till 1848 he took little part in politics, though he was always keenly alive to what was going on in the country. During this period his. practice was very remunerative, and from this and the sale of his .A.dams county farms he brought down his debts to within what he considered a manageable limit. In 1843 he was in danger of being sold out by the sheriff. In 1844 he paid interest on debts amounting to $217,000. In 1849, when he first went to Congress, he had reduced his debts to $30,000. On March 4, 1853, when his first service in Congress ended, his debts amounted to about $60,000. These figures are given by Mr. Hood, who had opportunity to know the facts. What he was worth at his death it is difficult to say. After the payment of certain personal bequests he directed that the residue of the estate be used for the founding and support of an orphans' home in which there should be no distinc- tion of race or color. The amount of the fund is now (1903) over $60,000, and it is the purpose of the trustees to permit it to accumulate until it shall reach $100,000, when the necessary buildings will be erected in the eastern part of the city of Lancaster,, on land adjoining the Children's Home. When the Free Soil movement began he was favorable to its principles, though he supported Zachary Taylor with all his might for the Presi- dency. In 1848, after a sliaip contest with the op- posing candidates for the nomination he was named for Congress by the supporters of Taylor, and elected by a large majority. During the four years that he served at this time he was recognized as one of the leading men in Congress, and enjoyed to a large ex- tent the confidence of Gen. Taylor, who, though a slaveholder himgelf, was,' without declaring it openly,, opposed to the further extension of that evil ; and it is very certain that it was through his adroit man- agement that California came into the Union as a free State. The Fugitive Slave law was passed after Ihe death of President Taylor. This law and all kin- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 39 dred measures Mr. Stevens opposed to the extent of his power. Profoundly impressed with the gravity of the crisis, Mr. Stevens introduced into the House a series of resohitions covering the leading points at issue between the political parties. These, of course, stood no chance of approval or adoption. On Feb. 20, 1850, he made his first set speech in Congress, in which he violently attacked the Fugi- tive Slave law, and discussed the slavery question with the utmost vigor and frankness. "We can say anything," and his hard firm tone compelled men to listen — "we can say anything with- in these walls or beyond them with impunity, unless it be to agitate in favor of human liberty. That is aggression." While he announced his "unchange- able hostility to slavery in every form and in every place," he declared that he felt bound by the Con- stitutional provisions. Some of these compromises he greatly disliked, and if they were still open he would never consent to them, but he was precluded from objecting. It was a matter of regret that Con- gress had no power over slavery in the States, and, if it had, he would, regardless of all threats, support "some just, safe and certain means for its final ex- tinction." He then proceeded to discuss the wis- dom of slavery in a style which it is impossible to condense or abridge without injuring the argument. "This speech," sa)'s Hon. Samuel W. McCall, in his "Life of Thaddeus Stevens," published by Houghton, Mifflin & Co., in the "American States- men" series, "not only commanded the admiration of his friends and justified the votes they had given him for Speaker, but it achieved the success of draw- ing upon him the fire of the opposition. It had strength and directness. It clearly expressed great ideas, which were not dressed up and concealed in any frippery or labored rhetoric. His trenchant power of argument, his courage, the force of his compact eloquence, not merely established his posi- tion in the House, but they attracted the attention of the country. The proceedings of the House which most intensely interested him were those relating to the slavery question. He was a member of the Ju- diciarv committee, and gave much of his time to the Avork of a technical and legal character which came before that committee, but his heart was with the slave, and his most elaborate speeches were made in his behalf." Shortly after this first great speech in the House of Representatives the leaders of the opposition are credited with saying: "Our enemy has a general now. We cannot buy him, we cannot allure him with office, we cannot seduce him. He is in earnest. He is bold. We can neither flatter nor frighten him." Such he had been always and such he continued to the end. When the California question came before the House he seized the opportunity to state more fully his position with regard to slavery in the Terri- tories as well as to make more emphatic, if possible, his hostilitv to slavery everywhere. On June 10, 1850, he delivered another philippic, which was even more forcible and uncompromising than his Febru- ary speech. He constantly declared his undying hostility to the Fugitive Slave law. Referring to the people of Lan- caster county in this connection on one occasion, he said : "The distinguished Senator from Kentucky (Henry Clay) wishes further to make it the duty, of all bystanders to aid in the capture of fugitives ; to join in the chase and run down the prey. This is asking more than my constituents will ever grant. They will strictly abide by the Constitution. The slaveholder may pursue his slaves among them with his own foreign myrmidons, unmolested, except by their frowning scorn. But no law that tyranny can pass will ever induce them to join the hue and cry after the trembling wretch who has escaped from unjust bondage. Their fair land, made by nature and their own honest toil as fertile and as lovely as the Vale of Tempe, shall never become the hunting ground on which the bloodhounds of slavery shall course their prey and command them to join the hunt." In 185 1, for the first time in many years, a fugitive slave resisted, with arms, the claims of his owner. About two miles from Christiana, Lancaster county, a number of fugitive slaves were hiding at the house of a colored man named Parker. An elderly man, named Gorsuch, of Maryland, assisted by his son, and a deputy marshal from Philadelphia, named Kline, came to the house of Parker^ about an hour before daylight. Gorsuch, the younger, with Kline, summoned the persons inside to surrender. To this it was replied they would defend themselves, and at the same time the click of firearms was heard. Kline ran and hid behind a- tree. Young Gorsuch went to his father and reported that an attack would be dan- gerous. The father said it would never do to back out so, and started toward the house, his son follow- ing. Gorsuch hailed the house again, and on re- ceiving the defiant answer, fired a pistol, the ball taking effect in the leg of one of the blacks in the house. This shot was returned by a volley, killing the elder Gorsuch. The firing alarmed the neighbor- hood. Castner Hanway and Elijah Lewis were the first to reach the place. These were white men and Abolitionists. Their influence prevented further fir- ing, and they assisted the younger Gorsuch to remove the dead body of his father to Christiana, the nearest railroad station to the scene of the fight. This oc- currence raised the pro-slavery spirit to a flame. For a week no colored man could pass along the railroad without being arrested. Hanway and Lewis were taken to Philadelphia and tried for treason. In this trial Mr. Stevens and John M. Read, later one of the judges of the Supreme court, were the counsel for the prisoners. Stevens was the inspiration for the defense. Its lines were laid down by him. But because of his extreme anti-slavery views it was thought best to give the part of leading counsel to one of the ablest Democratic lawyers in the State, in the person of Judge Read, whose exhaustive argu- 40 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY merit on the law of treason knocked the breath out of the prosecution, and Mr. Stevens was content with a brief speech. The prisoners were acquitted, and from that day the Fugitive Slave law was practi- cally a dead letter in Pennsylvania. The great merit of Mr. Stevens in this transaction was in the bold, firm stand he took at the beginning. His defiant attitude kept up the courage of those who would otherwise have desponded. His share in the trial was not very conspicuous, but there were good rea- sons for the course he pursued. The great object was attained, and that was all he desired. Mr. Stevens was elected to the XXXIId Con- gress, which was organized without difficulty, and on the ballot for Speaker he received sixteen votes, among them those of Joshua R. Giddings and Horace Mann. He made two or three important speeches, and in March, 1853, "retired, as he thought per- manently, to private life, from which he did not emerge again until his countrymen, aroused to fever heat, were about to decide the question amid the clash of arms, and he was to do the work which was to make his name immortal." From 1853 to 1858 he steadily pursued the prac- tice of his profession in Lancaster and elsewhere, though at the same time taking part in the initiatory movements which resulted in the formation of the Republican party, he being one of the delegates from Lancaster, the Ninth Congressional t>istrict, to the convention which nominated Fremont. In 1858 the necessities *f the country required his presence in Congress, and, after a warm contest, he was elected by a large majority. He had scarcely taken his seat in that body, in December, 1859, when the first symptoms of the Rebellion began to be developed. Although nearly sixty-eight years old wHen he re- entered Congress, the great work of his life lay yet before him. He had never met his intellectual su- perior, either at the Bar, in the Pennsylvania Legis- lature, or during his four years in Congress. But it is the work he was yet to do that has given him en- during fame in the history of a great nation saved and purified from the taint and curse of negro slavery. There was a long contest over the organiza- tion of the House in 1859, and Mr. Stevens was in the thick of the fight, a conspicuous figure. Noisy threats of disunion and bloodshed filled the air. Stevens had been through such scenes before, and enjoyed lashing his opponents into fury. His wit, always apt and telling, flashed like the lightning, and often scorched like flame. Many of the Southern members hated him intensely, and feared him as no other man, as well they might, and yet, personally and socially, not a few of them ad- mired and were attracted by him. When the House was not in session he was often the center of a group in which all sections of the country were pleasantly represented. Then came the Presidential election in i860. Stevens was a member of the Pennsylvania delega- tion to the National Convention. The vote of this delegation was transferred to Mr. Lincoln on the ballot which secured his nomination. Lincoln was elected, and Congress met in December for the most extraordinary session in our national history. Mr. Stevens was a master spirit during this eventful ses- sion. He thought that the time had at last arrived for determining whether secession was a rightful act. If it were, "then the Union is not worth pre- serving for a single day ;" for, if the emergency then existing should pass away, "fancied wrongs would constantly arise," and induce States to secede. He then made a powerful argument against the right of secession, and declared that the South had no just grievance. "Rather than show repentance for the election of Mr. Lincoln, with all its consequences, I would see this Government crumble into a thousand atoms. If I cannot be a free man, let me cease to exist." Hon. Henry L. Dawes, who was a member of Congress at the time, has preserved a striking pic- ture of the effect of the speech. It was a tremendous scene. The same heroic figure as when he saved the School Law from repeal in 1835, at Harrisburg, but on a vastly broader arena, filling it with a sense of his presence and his power, "No one," says Mr. Dawes, "could forget the scene in which it occurred, though all I can say of it and of him seems tame enough without the inspiration of the occasion and of his presence. This speech was' delivered in that last session after the election of Mr. Lincoln, when the House was more like a powder magazine than a deliberative assembly. His denunciation of the plot- ters of treason to their face was terrible, and his expose of the barbarism of the so-called civilization behind them was awful. Nearly fifty Southern mem- bers rose to their feet and rushed toward him with curses and threats of personal violence. As many of his friends gathered around him, and, moving him in sort of hollow square to the space in front of the Speaker, opened before his assailants and stood guard over him while he arraigned the slaveocracy in an indictment for its crimes against humanity surpass- ing in severity even the great arraignment of Mr. Sumner. He was then an old man, approaching seventy, on whose frame and voice time had already made sad inroads, but still standing erect and firm as a man of thirty-five. Calm and self-possessed as a judge, he lashed them into a fury, and then bade them compose themselves at their leisure. The ex- citement aroused by his fiery denunciation and de- fiant scorn beggars all description and can live only in the memory of those who witnessed it." Through all the four bloody years of the Civil war, as chairman of the committee on Ways and Means, Mr. Stevens was most emphatically the right man in the right place. "Had he been younger and not deformed," says Mr. Hood, "his natural courage would have sent him to the battlefield at the firing of the first gun. Men, firm believers in the doctrine of special providence, aver that his lameness was a necessity, ordained to keep him where he was. With- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 41 out entering into any discussion on this point, it is enough to say, there were so many illustrations of the doctrine during the war, that to a thinking mind it is somewhat difficult to deny the proposition." The House of Representatives, now that the Southern leaders had withdrawn, had a large Re- publican majority. Galusha A. Grow was elected Speaker. Thaddeus Stevens was made chairman of the committee on Ways and Means, the most im- portant committee of the House, the post of all others for him at such a crisis. The duty of this committee ■was to provide means for prosecuting a great war and having charge of the appropriation bills, to de- ■cide how the money should be spent. Thus Mr. iStevens was directly in charge of the great work of raising and spending the money needed during the four years of the war of the Rebellion, aggregating not hundreds of millions, but thousands of millions. Stevens drove the revenue bills and the appropria- tion bills with his accustomed energy. He favored the issue of legal-tender notes and the enormous bond issues of the Government. Says Mr. McCall, in speaking of this tremendous task of the Ways and Means committee : "What other men have ever done so well ? With national credit almost destroyed, with property values greatly lessened, and with half the men of military age in the field in a civil war, twenty million people were called upon in four years to meet an expenditure of $3,500,000,000, and they showed themselves able to respond to the gigantic demand. The achievement not only stands without a parallel, but it stands unapproached. The credit was not chiefly due to leadership. What was demanded of the leaders was the ability to comprehend and the boldness to call into play the splendid capacity and the fervent patriotism of the people. But the one man who is as much entitled as any other, with the exception of the Secretary of the Treasury, to the glory of these financial achievements, was the chair- man of the committee on Ways and Means, and the leader of the House of Representatives — Thad- deus Stevens." He was from the first in favor of emancipation as a war measure, urging that the slaves should be armed if the war continued, and declaring that slavery caused the Rebellion. After waiting in vain for action by the Military committee, he boldly pre- sented his bill to the House, and secured an assign- ment for its consideration without awaiting the re- port of any committee. This unusual course excited violent opposition, and an attempt was made to pre- vent a vote upon the measure. by repeated roll-calls upon motions to adjourn and other dilatory proposi- tions. After an all-night session the House ad- journed without action, but the struggle was re- sumed at its next meeting and continued for a week. Stevens concluded the debate in a characteristic speech. His efl-'orts were at last crowned with suc- cess. The bill passed by 83 to 54, and the hundreds of thousands of black soldiers who enlisted before the end of the war refuted by their conduct the predic- tions that they would be guilty of inhumanity. "A review of the course of Stevens upon all the measures coming before the House," says Hon. Sam- uel W. McCall, himself a member of the House of Representatives, "would involve practically a history of legislation during the war. He was so unquestion- ably leader that no man was next to him, and his in- dustry and energy responded so fully to all demands that he was almost always upon his feet or in charge of measures before the House. When the enormous amount of committee work which he was called upon to perform is remembered, and especially the prepar- ation of revenue and appropriation bills, which would alone be a sufficient tax upon the strength of an or- dinary man, it is almost incredible that one of his advanced age should have been able to attend so constantly upon the sessions of the House and per- form the part that he performed there." His memory seemed a prodigious storehouse, in which everything was in order and everything at command. His will was indomitable as ever, his mental force and intellectual grasp never greater, though his physi- cal vigor was slowly losing ground under the tre- mendous strain of heavy duties and vast responsi- bilities. The war ended, but the troubles it brought in its train stood out in such bold relief that people only then began to have something like a correct idea of their magnitude. The South, though beaten and vanquished, was far from being in a temper to ac- cept the situation as the fortune of a war brought on by themselves against their brethren. There was a debt of 'nearly, if not more than, three thousand millions, taxing the people and their posterity for many years to come. Besides this, there were four millions of emancipated slaves to be cared for, to be instructed and protected from the aggression of those who had formerly been their masters. Of the leading measures adopted to reconstruct the South, Mr. Stevens was the author. The whole general plan, though possibly not original with himself, was by adoption peculiarly his own ; and though some modifications may have been made in Congress, yet the principal features of his. measures were retained, and were the means employed to govern the people of the section lately in rebellion until its several por- tions were again admitted as component parts of the Union, as States, members of the great family of communities forming the indivisible Republic. During the whole period, from the beginning of the war to the end of his life, Mr. Stevens was scarce- ly a day absent from his seat, and for the most of that time his labors were truly herculean. During the war, in times of peculiar adversity, when every- body else seemed to lose heart, his indomitable en- ergy, and his full assurance of final success, inspired with new life the hearts that were ready to give up the combat. After the disastrous battles of Freder- icksburg and Chickamauga he seemed more than ever 42 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY determined to fight on, no matter how gloomy the prospect before the country. Men will wear out, and Mr. Stevens was no exception to the general rule. When he left Lan- caster for Washington, about the end of November, 1866, he was so feeble as to be unable to sit up in the car, and a bed was made for him on the floor. Those who knew his condition had great fear whether he could survive the journey. After his arrival at Wash- ington he rallied, and during most of the session he remained comparatively well. At the adjournment he came home, and remained there till November, 1867, when he took his last journey to the capital. He then seemed much better than he had been for some time, and appeared very hopeful in regard to his health. After the death of Abraham Lincoln his successor in office, Andrew Johnson, adopted a policy that aroused strenuous opposition on the part of the Re- publican leaders. On the 25th of February, 1868, Mr. Stevens, with Mr. Bingham, appeared in the United States Senate and presented articles of im- peachment against Andrew Johnson. The trial, of which Mr. Stevens was one of the managers on the part of the House, ended on the 26th of May. During all this time Mr. Stevens, so feeble as to be carried daily to the Capitol in a chair, was always present attend- . ing to his duty. His will was indomitable. Nothing but death could conquer him. He prepared his speech before the Senate with great care. After standing for a few minutes, in addressing that body, his strength gave out, and he was forced to resume his chair. He spoke for nearly half an hour from his seat, when his voice became weak, and the reading of his speech was concluded by Gen. Benjamin F. Butler. He was greatly disaopointed at the acquittal of the President, and was for a time depressed, but soon regained his accustomed gayety and spirit. He attended the sessions of the House when at all able to do so, though his strength was ebbing fast, and took part in the proceedings. On July 7, 1868, within a few weeks of his death, he introduced five additional articles of impeachment, "apparently for the purpose of reviewing the law of impeachments, in one of the longest speeches of his later years, and to express his dissatisfaction with the Senate on the rulings of the Chief Justice." On July i6th he in- troduced a resolution looking to the acquirement of a naval station and depot in the West Indies, and supported it in a brief speech. On July 27th Con- gress adjourned until September. Mr. Stevens was too weak to make the journey to Lancaster. But he would.die, he said, "like Nicanor, in harness." "I mean to die hurrahing," was a favorite expression with him. "You have changed my medicine?" he said to his physician. Dr. Henry C. Carpenter, a few days before his death. "Yes," replied the doctor. "Well," replied Stevens, grimly with a smile, "this is a square fight." And those who knew him, know just how he would say it, and how characteristic of the man. He died on Tuesday, Aug. 11, 1868. The Republican primary election in Lancaster county had been called for Saturday of that week, for the nom- ination of the member of Congress. Although he was dead, it was found when the votes were counted that all were cast for Thaddeus Stevens. The character of Thaddeus Stevens was made up of contradictory elements. Nature designed him for one of the great men of the race, and, so far as time and circumstances gave his powers opportunity to act, he fulfilled her intention. One of his most re- markable endowments was that never-failing spirit of generous kindness, which made it his pleasure to do good to and confer benefits on all who came within his reach. His inherent liberality grew by continual practice, till it became almost one of the necessities of his being. No man, woman or child approached Thaddeus Stevens, worthy or unworthy, and asked for help, who did not obtain it when he had the means. Another quality most strongly developed was his unconquerable perseverance and determina- tion to accomplish anything which he undertook. No matter how often defeated, he was always ready to "tr)', try again;" and this he would do when, to al! appearance, he had not the slightest chance of success. During the war his good offices were often re- quired to save men sentenced to be shot, and he never refused to invoke with success the kind feelings of President Lincoln, who was only too happy to have some person to intercede for the miserable delinquent. It is true that in a speech in Congress, Stevens justi- fied Juarez for shooting Maximilian ; but it is very certain that had he been ruler of ]\Iexico the fallen emperor would have been sent home safe and sound. There is no doubt that had Mr. Stevens been invested with the power of life and death, but few criminals would have been executed. A woman's tearful face, or the wai! of a child, was beyond his power to resist. This, in a ruler, might have been a great weakness, but in Mr. Stevens's position it was, doubtless, one of the most amiable traits in his character. Nothing ever pleased him better than to tell of his success with the President on occasions like those above referred to. He never took the credit of success to himself, but always ascribed it to the goodness of "Old Abe." Let us illustrate what has been said by introducing one of these stories : "A young fellow from Lan- caster county was to be shot for desertion. It was rather a hard case, and his mother, in great distress, called on me to help save him. I took her at once to the White House and introduced her to the Presi- dent. On the road I told her to tell her story in her own way, which she did in such a manner as none but a mother could tell it. I said nothing. I saw by the President's eye it was all right. There was no use in my saying a word. While snc rv^is talking the President began to write. It was but a couple of lines, but it was effectual. Fearing a scene, I took her into the ante-room, telling her as we went along- her son was safe. As soon as she fully understood BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 4a it, she broke out : 'Oh ! this is the man our news- papers said was a brute and a devil. Why he is the loveliest man I ever saw in my life ! He is an angel ! He does the work of the Almighty, and stands in His place on earth ! I could worship him for his good- ness — my poor Ben is safe.' There was a great deal of desertion about that time. Some hard-hearted devils thought all should have been shot, but then I had nothing to do with that. It was Lincoln's busi- ness, and he did all ttiose things as he believed to be right. He was a great man. In his place, perhaps, I would have done tne same thing." Mr. Stevens was about five feet eleven inches high ; clear, ruddy, smooth skin. His natural hair was chestnut, but he lost it from brain fever when about thirty-five years old, and afterward always wore a wig. He had very fine teeth; was strongly built, but not corpulent ; his appearance when his features were at rest was very dignified. When young, he was a great lover of athletic sports, and could make a full hand at an)-thing where swiftness of foot was not required. He was a splendid Horse- man, and very fond of the chase. His favorite ex- ercise during much of his life was horseback riding, and he spent much of his leisure in the saddle. He was also fond of attending horseraces. He was an excellent swimmer, and often swam across "Joe's Pond,'' as he called it, which he said was one and a half miles wide and as cold as a spring. He de- clared that he could swim the Bosphorus as easily as Byron did. He resembled Byron in another par- ticular, for he had a club foot, but, unlike Byron, he did not seek to conceal his deformity. This affected- his walking, and he assisted himself with a very common hickory cane. He had a large mouth, thin upper lip, prominent aquiline nose, and massive head. "No stranger," says Hon. Henry L. Dawes, "would pass him on the street without turning for a second look at an unmistakably great character. On great occasions, when his untamable spirit had got the mastery of him, he no longer looked like a man, at least like any other man I ever saw." He hated oppression and injustice in all its forms. This was the ruling passion, and exhibited itself in full force as he drew near his end. In the principal cemeteries of Lancaster it was stipulated, by charter, that no person of color should be interred within their limits. He had bought lots in both Woodward Hill and Lancaster cemeteries, but when he received the deeds he sent them back, refusing to be buried in the grounds of either. Shreiner's cemetery, the smallest in the city, was free from this objection, and there he was laid to rest, within a short distance of the public schools which his fearlessness and love for humanity aided in establishing in Pennsylvania forever. For the reason above stated, he ordered in his will the following should be inscribed upon his tomb : "I repose in this quiet and secluded spot, not from any natural preference for solitude, but finding other cemeteries limited by charter rules as to race, I have chosen it that I might be enabled to illustrate in my death the principles I have advocated through a long life — equality of man before the Creator." In one of his essays, in which he touches the drama of History in its mightiest actors, Alexander Smith says : "I sit as in a theatre — tne stage is Time, the play is the World. What a spectacle it is! I hear or cry 'Bravo!' when the great actors- come on, shaking the stage." Thaddeus Stevens is,, bevond question, one of these great actors, upon this stage of Time, in this play of the World ; and life has been and will be better for untold millions because of the part he has played in the great drama of human history. There is no "life" of Mr. Stevens that is full enough to be satisfactorv. It should be a great book in several volumes. What a book it would be if there had been near him some Boswell, quietly not- ing, without his knowledge, wit and fact and mem- orable incident, and capable of carrying on the story of liis work to the end — the success which crowned him at the last! Edward McPherson, Esq., one of the executors under his will, had collected matter with the thought of an extended biography, but he died before this was fairly begun. There would be no large sale for such a "life," but it should stand in the great libraries, and in the collections of students of history and statesmen. Vermont has given to Pennsylvania two extra- ordinary men, Thaddeus Stevens and Elnathan Elisha Higbee. They found their way,_providential- ly, to the same part of the State, where, after busy years of unconscious preparation for service of which neither had any premonition, they came, one before the State, the other before both State and Nation, to do their appointed work. Each spent the last years of his useful life in the city of Lancaster. When Mr. Stevens died, in i86S, he was the most widely- known, and most honored man in Pennsylvania. When Dr Higbee died, in 1889, he was, we think, the man best beloved in all the State. Only those who knew them, in themselves and in their work, can estimate the value of their lives as compared with those of men in general. Their work was done in widely dififerent fields, and in it mankind has been greatly blessed. We close with this bit of humorous verse by Charles G. Halpine, on "Uncle Thad Stevens," writ- ten at a time when the Old Commoner was the most inlluential member of the United States Congress. The lines were read and laughed over, grimly we suppose, by Mr. otevens himself, and will be read again with interest bv many of his old admirers. They are as follows : Gnarled and tough from seventy winters, A gritty, grisly, bitter "Rad" — Though our Union fall to splinters, Here's to Pennsylvania Thad. Brown his wig but green his vigor, Angry often, never sad — Full of wit, and prone to rigor, Here's to Pennsylvania Thad. 44 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Though lame his leg, his mind is rapid, And all the House is hushed and glad When, to squelch some talker vapid. Rises Pennsylvania Thad. He's in candor a believer; All may know the thought he had; For no mealy-inouthed deceiver Is our wrinkled Uncle Thad. Into epithets he rushes; All are "traitors" or are "mad" — All who dare to cross the wishes Of our Pennsylvania Thad. Thad, we like you; you are able; And the biggest brick we've had In our loud Congressional Babel Is our Pennsylvania Thad. Spite of age, he still is human. And while to man he is not bad, Oh, dear! a good man to woman — ■ The kindliest man is Uncle Thad. Go it, my old shoulder-hitter! Though at times your logic's bad, You're just as brilliant as you're bitter — Here's to Pennsylvania Thad. ELIAS H. HERSHEY was born Dec. 12, 1841, in Dauphin county, son of Jacob and Nancy Hershey. His ancestors emigrated from Switzerland between 1719 and 1739, settling in Lancaster county, Pa. He was married to Elizabeth Miller Frantz, daughter of Christian and Elizabeth, in the year 1868; their living children are Annie, Mary, Christian and Ezra. Bishop Hershey's forefathers in Europe were Men- nonites, which faith he embraced in 1862, was chos- en to the ministry in 1874, and elected Bishop in the Reformed Mennonite Church in 1884. In the fol- lowing lines, from his pen, he notes some historical points, and delineates leading principles : The Church of Christ originated on the day of Pentecost, with the effusion of the Holy Ghost. 'This ■divine endowment, in persons willing to forsake sin, works the change of temper and life denominated the "new birth," which is manifested by being peace- able, harmless, passive under injuries and wrongs without ever resenting aggression, humble and pure in life, just in all transactions, loving our neighbor as ourself, united in faith and doctrine, reproving all unfaithful worshippers by withdrawing from their ■worship. Such was the character of the primitive Church, according to history, until about the beginning of, the fourth century, when worldly rulers united the. Church with the State, and, by compulsion, made many of their subjects Christian formalists. From that time we find a class of believers differing from the formalists in rejecting infant baptism, and as- serting baptism on faith, leading spiritual lives sepa- rated from the world by abstaining from a fleshly walk and worldly irregularities from vain ambition, idle amusements, pride, folly, and from all unfaithful worship, being strictly non-resistant, and maintain- ing the doctrine that Christians take no part in worldly government. Their position provoked the same persecutions which the Head of the Church and his early adherents suffered. At times they are unnoticed, then they appear prominently, according to the tolerance of worldly rulers. They are vari- ously called Poor Men of Lyons, Waldenses, Al- bigenses, Berengarians, Petrobroscians, Henricans, Leonists, Mennonites. Menno Simon, in the year 1524, became a priest in the Roman CathoUc Church, which priesthood, and the connection with the Church, he renounced, Jan. 12, 1536, and associated 1 with persons of dne heart with him, at whose solici- tation, and under the impulse of love for souls hun- gering for the pure Scriptures, he yielded himself to preaching and writing for the propagation of sound Gospel doctrines. His labors prospered against violent opposition. There are many branches diverging from the origin cited, holding some of the views of those early believers. The Reformed Mennonite Church had its begin- ning through a number of Mennonites, in the early part of the nineteenth century ; being impressed that Menno Simon had soundly interpreted the Scrip- tures, they withdrew from their church to restore the practice of his teachings, being in full accord there- with, and believing that the support given them by the shedding of much innocent blood in Europe, be- tween the years 1524 and 1781, was a martyrdom in behalf of doctrines founded on the Gospel. Doctrines. They believe in the Godhead of the Father, Son and Holy Ghost ; that the Old and New Testaments were given by inspiration, that the New supersedes the Old, and is the true text-book for the Church ; that the Holy Ghost is the sure interpreter, without the necessary aid of advanced human learn- ing ; that conversion is a gift of God, bestowed upon all who by divine light are willingly led to abhor sin, that they may turn to righteousness, the change be- ing the nature of God born in them, by which they lead new lives ; that the clergy are to be exemplary leaders, not arbitrary lords ; that through the love of God in them Christians are always in fellowship, as was the iirst State of the Church ; that there can be only one visibly Church, separated from profes- sions maintaining the doctrine of divided organiza- tions ; that the Church as a body is required to sepa- rate from the company of members who again per- sist in sin, or commit gross violations, by avoiding them in church communion, in secular dealings, in eating social meals, in customary social intercourse, without respect of persons, or regard to social rela- tions, for their spiritual reformation, and to preserve the purity of the Church, and to cause all to fear sin. Matt, xviii; i Cor. v; 2 Thess. iii; that Chris- tians do not vote, hold office in civil government, sit in judgment to pass civil or criminal sentence, do not litigate, do not have "ownership in chartered corpora- tions, do not use deadly weapons in war or self-de- fense to destroy the tares, Matthew xiii ; do not in- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 45 dulge in worldly pastimes and frivolous plays, in dancing and foolish conversation, Ephesians v; do not make vain display in raiment, but clothe with modest apparel, i Timothy ii ; are exemplary in their deportment to fill the high station assigned them of being chosen out of the world, and being the light of the world they display in walk and conversation the virtues of grace. Ordinances. They are regarded as testimonies, not saving means. Circumcision commanded to Abraham was a token of the covenant God had made with him, and was typical of regeneration. Rom. ii. The baptism of John in Jordan was a testimony to repentance, foreshadowing a state in which "all flesh should see the salvation of God," under the higher administration of Christ, who was to save his peo- ple from their sins. It was an act of righteousness, because an act of obedience, as all obedience is right- eousness, though our works of obedience do not save us, they are only a fruit of having been saved. It is the entire consecration and submission of all our will power to the Divine will that gives God power in us to save us, and to bring us under His control. This power the Savior promised to His disciples, to be given only after his ascension to the Father. Luke xxiv, 49. The baptism commanded in the name of the Fa- ther, and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost, expresses a full union with the Godhead, indicating our adop- tion as full heirs, by faith, annulling the baptism of repentance. Acts xix. Baptism is associated with faith in the Scripture examples, as an expression of faith, the saving virtue being ascribed to faith. By faith the malefactor on I the cross had the promise of Paradise without bap- tism. He had no opportunity after he had repented and confessed faith, to be baptized, or to confirm his faith by works; the promise rested on his sincere confession and appeal. Baptism has not more virtue to save us than obedience to any other command- ment, yet, believers, when they have opportunity, will observe baptism and every other commandment, as a fruit of faith, for by works faith is made perfect. James ii. Not having merit to save, we understand why baptism is treated indifferently as to form. "The true worshippers worship the Father in spirit and in truth," not seeking merit in forms, regarding the outward ordinances as symbolizing inward condi- tions, understanding that no particularity in forms is urged in Gospel teaching, lest we might become re- ligious formalists, instead of spiritual worshippers. Spiritual worship involves the whole life given in service to God. The breaking of the bread and the drinking of the cup is commanded as a commemorative ordi- nance bringing to mind the sacrificial offering on the cross, impressing solemn obligation to divine love, inspiring the heirs of redemption with a will- ing obedience to all Gospel teachings, leading us near to God in contemplating his mercy to a fallen world. The manner, time and frequency of observ- ing it being not particularized is likely to direct more attention to its spirituality. The washing of feet is indicative of the divine cleansing, and of the mutual aid members of the Church extend to one another by blameless example, kind admonition, brotherly reproof, and every serv- ice of humility and love. It portrays the fellowship and unity in the household of faith, confirmatory of the doctrine of oneness prominent in the Gospel mes- sage, leading in its observance to contemplation. The kiss of charity is understood to be a social salutation in acknowledgment of the fervent love believers bear to one another, and is practiced when they meet, by each sex separately to denote peace. Principles. While they strive diligently to conform, in their outward life, to all New Testament teachings, they seek no salvation in anything out- ward, believing the unction of the Spirit will prompt all outward actions, as an indwelling presence. They recognize God in things temporal as well as in things spiritual, that God in the Old Testament age prescribed worldly government, and used world- ly rulers as his agents to accomplish his purposes. It was said unto Pharoah that God raised him up to show his power in him, though he destroyed him. God established civil statutes by Moses, which he refutes by Christ, in saying, "Ye have heard that it hath been said. An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth. But I say unto you, That ye resist not evil." Matthew v. The fact that Paul says, "the pow- ers that be are ordained of God," as applying to worldly government, signifies that they are compre- hended in his infinite plan. Every good tendency in mankind emanates from God, and works human amelioration and beneficent ends. It is an active principle in worldly affairs, formulating government for the good of mankind. Governments are good or bad in proportion as this influence prevails. They regard regeneration as the higher and full- er influence of the spirit of God wrought by Christ's coming formulating the kingdom or conditions in which the mind and spirit of Christ hold sway, evinc- ing its practical effects in the visible Church by "transforming every faithful member to the image of God's Son." To be loyal to their Head, the believ- ers in Christ cannot take part in the kingdom "out of which he has chosen them," nor obey worldly rulers, in demands conflicting with "the law of the spirit of life in Christ Jesus." They will rather suffer "as lambs to the slaughter." To give tribute, honor and fear is commanded, yet the authors of this teaching proved by their example that they meant as far as the Divine law allows, for they continued preaching against the prohibition of the authorities, and suffer- ing for it. Understanding the Scriptures to teach a respon- 46 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY sibility resting on every member of the Church to re- prove sin known to them, they cannot commune with disorderly members, but must as a spiritual duty la- bor for their reformation, and see "that the wicked are put away" from the Church, when amendment -does not follow. Separation from discordant worshippers, they be- lieve, is based on the principle that fundamentally mankind are created to be in social accord ; that the disturbance of this law through sin is overcome by the Redeemer who came to destroy the works of the Devil to restore the love of God through the Holy Ghost, giving ascendancy to the fundamental life in us, that "love may knit together our hearts." This principle pervades the teaching of our Savior and the Apostles, in their earnest advocacy of oneness, and in their condemnation of disunity. Agreeing with their doctrine, we must reprove divisions, ana Jive in unity as taught by our Savior, "by this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another." The observances taught the church demand unity of action. They believe, therefore, in one United Christian Church, in fulfillment of Scripture injunctions and types. The idea of outward ordinances suggests agreement, the appeal "to the church" in disposi- tion, forbids division, Matthew xviii ; " by this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another" teaches the unbroken tie to all ob- servers, John xiii; the prayer, "that they may be made perfect in one ; and that the world may know that thou hast sent me," is significant of vmity, John xvii; the condemnation of divisions points to the same truth flowing from divine love. Christ uses the natural vine as a type of Christian system and unity bearing uniformity of fruit, demonstrating that when one branch ceases to receive the life of the vine, it is like a soul ceasing to abide in Christ, the spirit- ual character withering and the carnal life springing into fruitfulness, dooming the soul to death, which is "the wages of sin," John xv. The temple built by Solomon at Jerusalem is used as a type of the Church, "ye also, as lively stones are built up a spir- itual house," I Peter ii. The natural body is used as an illustration. For as the body is one and hath many members and all the members of that one body, being many, are one body ; so is Christ. One mem- ber does not say to another, I have no need of thee. God hath tempered the body together, having given more abundant honor to that part which lacked. That there should be no schism in the body ; but that the members should have the same care one for an- other. But speaking the truth in love may grow up into him in all things which is the Head, even Christ. From whom the whole body fitly joined together and ■compacted by that which every joint supplieth, ac- cording to the effectual working in the measure of •every part, maketh increase of the body unto the edi- fying of itself in love, i Corinthian xii ; Ephe- sians iv. The figures here drawn accord with Gos- pel teaching throughout, being confirmatory of the effect of God's love working harmony among the redeemed, displaying the impulse of the Creative Mind transforming the passive creature into the "likeness of God" who is blessed forever. Amen. A. J. STEINMAN, Esq., member of the Lan- caster Bar and prominent in his ownership and con- trol of the Penn Iron Works, as well as in the news- paper world, being senior publisher and editor of the Intelligencer, comes from one of the oldest and most honored families in the State. Christian Frederick Steinman (1.711-1760), a na- tive of Dresden, Saxony, married Anna Regina Ro- sin (1717-1783). Their eldest son, George Michael, born at Erfurt, in 1738, sailed with Moravian Col- onists from Zist for St. Petersburg in 1767, and the next year was one of the zealous band who founded Sarepta, in Astrakhan, where he settled and married in 1793. The parents embarked for Pennsylvania as a' fruitful field for missionary labor, and settled at Bethlehem, where another son, John Frederick (1752-1823), was born. The Moravian Church records at Lititz, Lancas- ter Co., Pa., report that Christian Frederick Stein- man arrived with his family at that new ecclesiastical establishment in November, 1756, and that he had been appointed to oversee and take care of the work- men who were to build the saw and grist mill near the town, on the stream issuing from the great Lititz Spring. After a large part of this work was done, the Church authorities changed the site of the mill to a spot quite a mile below the village, whither "Brother and Sister Steinman removed in April, 1757, taking up their abode in a house bought by the brethren." They returned to Bethlehem in 1758, but in October of the next year returned to Lititz as per- manent residents, where he died, being the first mar- ried man who had died in the new settlement, and the fifth person buried in the Moravian cemtery, his grave being numbered "5," and the seventh from the main entrance walk in the second row from the south end of the grave-yard, in its southwestern corr ner. His widow removed with her son, John Fred- erick, to Lancaster, there married John Christopher Heyne, and died without children born of her sec- ond marriage. John Christopher Heyne established a tin and copper-ware business in Lancaster in 1764, on the present site of the Steinman Co.'s hardware store,. which John Frederick Steinman continued to carry on after the death of John Christopher Heyne, in 1 78 1 — a business which in his hands and in those of his descendants, has expanded into one of the larsrest and most opulent hardware houses in the country. John Frederick Steinman was burgess of Lancaster in 1800, and elected chief burgess in 1801. He married, in 1777, Sybilla Margaretha Mayer BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 47 <| 1753-1831), eldest daughter of George Ludwig and Maria Barbara (Diemer) Mayer, of Lancaster. 1779-Dec. 18, 1851), who were married April 4, 1805. His paternal ancestry is traced back to Philip Bausman, born in 1539, in Hockenheim, two miles from the city of Kreuznach, in Rhine-Prussia, Germany. The family in Germany were uniformly farmers and vine-dressers. John Bausman, the father, born Feb. 5, 1780, in Freilaubersheim, son of Johann Heinrich Bausman (Oct., 1746 — April, i793)and his wife, Barbara Bernhardt, came to America in 1802, to become the heir of his uncle, Andreas Baus- man (Feb. 25, 1734— Sept. 15, 1814) and his wife, Elizabeth Weigel (Aug. 10, 1728 — Sept. 26, 1813), who were childless. Andreas left Germany in 1755, and settled near Lancaster, where others of his kin had lived for a number of years. He invested his money in real estate and amassed a large fortune. [See record of his will, proved Sept. 22, 1814, Reg- ister's Office, Lancaster, Will Book K, Vol. I, Page 639, &c.] He lived and died on his lands between Lancaster and Millersville, which are still in the Bausman family. The first of the name to settle in Lancaster came in 1725, and after that the name occurs frequently in the early baptismal records of the First Reformed Church, as shown in Vols. IV and V of the Pennsyl- vania German Society. Members of the family held various positions of more or less importance. Will- iam Bausman (July i, 1724 — March 30, 1784) mar- ried to Elizabeth Hiester, a collateral ancestor, was chief burgess of Lancaster in 1774-1775, a member of the Committee of Safety, and master of the barracks during the Revolutionary war, in all of which positions he rendered conspicuous service. [See Pennsylvania Archives.] He built in 1762 the old stone residence at Nos. 121-123 East King street, Lancaster, which is still used as a dwelling house. His son William (June i, 1759 — April 25, 1833) was register and recorder of the county from i8og to 1818. Andreas Bausman, whose lands we have re- ^--^^m^/fA BIOGIL\PHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 57 f erred to, bought 317 acres along what is now the turnpike to Millersville, for the equivalent of $680, from which a single acre has since been sold for nearly as much, and out of the products of a single acre of which nearly as much has been realized in one year as the total original investment. When he died, in 1814, he was probably the richest farmer in Lancaster county, and his nephew, John Bausman, became his executor and chief heir, and founder of the prominent family of his name; which, though having distinguished members in professional and mercantile circles, has been pre-eminent in the agri- cultural life of the county, and now holds under cul- tivation many hundreds of acres of land, almost ad- joining the city, in Manor and Lancaster townships, the richest and most populous section of this great county. As one rides out along the Millersville street railway or turnpike about half the distance, he sees a beautiful private residence, built on the right of the way. To the left is a commodious and comfortable one story and a half farm house, and near by a substantial stone spring house. These buildings illustrate right fitly the progress of the best type of the Lancaster county farmer. That spring house was built by Andreas Bausman in 1775, when, he made whiskey and shipped it to Pittsburg in casks — two of them strapped upon a horse's back. Upon this site he established the homestead, which bids fair to remain in the family for generations to come. Here came John, after he had reared his family and quit farming, and here his son Philip built the present mansion house, which is now owned and occupied by Philip's son, David. Nine children blessed the marriage of John Baus- man and Elizabeth Peters (who was the sister of the late Hon. Abraham Peters), eight sons and one daughter. The youngest son is Rev. Dr. Ben- jamin Bausman, the famous preacher of the Re- formed Church, editor, oriental traveler and author, of Reading, Pennsylvania. Jacob Bausman, the subject proper of this ar- ticle, died Feb. 11, 1894, in the eighty-second year of his age, but his portrait will still be recognized as that of one of the most conspicuous, influential and busy citizens of Lancaster in his day. Probably no man in the county was better known, and for half a century he was recognized as one of its most stable, firosperous and farsighted business men. His early education was received in the district school near his home. At the age of sixteen his father sent him to the famous boys' school of John Beck, at Lititz, from which vi^ent forth so many well equipped youths of that day. He remained two years under the instruction of Father Beck. Farmers' boys sev- enty-five years ago left school and went to work' a little earlier than, as a rule, they do now. So it happened that when young Bausman was about nine- teen he was put to the mill at Wabank, then one of the most extensive of the local manufactories. He did not confine himself strictly to the dull grind- ing of the millstones, but very soon displayed that aptitude for trade and shrewdness of business ven- ture which characterized his subsequent life. At that time probably no gristmill here did so large a busi- ness as the Wabank. It was owned by Jacob Huber, subsequently high sheriff of the county, and Mr. Bausman, about 1835, was conducting it for him on shares. That was the year of a wonderful wheat crop, which in the succeeding year was almost an utter failure in this county. As early as April, in 1836, it was to be seen that the fly had destroyed the crop, but before that Mr. Bausman had, on his own account, begun to buy up heavily of the grain then in store. Wheat commanded from $1.10 to $1.20 a bushel, and during the entire winter he con- tinued making large investments of this kind. About this time, too, there was a revival in the condition of navigation along the Conestoga. The old com- panies having failed, their rights, sold at sheriff's sale, were bought by the Colemans, who built new packets, which connected at Safe Harbor with the Tide Water canal. The latter had a dam at- Safe Har- bor to float boats across, and with seventeen miles of slack water navigation, seventy-one chains, with a fall of sixty-four feet, there was a valuable water- power at every locU, and times were brisk along our great local waterway. Arks loaded with flour, whiskey and other products of agricultural develop- ment were being loaded and floated off from every port, and trade and commerce flourished. Mr. Baus- man, as has been stated, bought largely of wheat. It advanced rapidly in price ; so did flour, in antici- pation of a light wheat crop ; and so rapid was the rise that on one occasion, when an arkload of 500 barrels of flour was detained for a short time to remove the heads of the barrels, as they had become wet, to prevent damage to the entire contents, flour advanced $1 a barrel during the detention, and Mr. Bausman made $500 by the accident. During the year of the grain famine very little grain or flour was shipped away from the county. The entire product of Mr. Bausman's operations was needed for the local demand; flour brought $11 a barrel in Lancaster city. After seven years' experience in the Wabank Mill, young Bausman, accompanied by John Linter, concluded to try his fortunes in the West, then offering glittering inducements to ener- gy, enterprise and capital. The far West then was Ohio, and between Springfield and Dayton the Lan- caster county boys engaged in distilling and farm- ing. In the fall their fathers came out to view the situa.tion, and, not being entirely satisfied with it, induced the young men to return to Pennsylvania, which they did. , Jacob Huber failed in the mean- time. His assignee, Christopher Hager, exposed the Wabank mill property for sale and it was bought by Mr. Bausman and Col. William B. Fordney. When he engaged in business for himself Mr. Baus- man rapidly extended and enlarged his operations, and for fifteen years they were of a very extensive character. He became known all over eastern Penn- S3'lvania as a large dealer in grain, lumber, flour 58 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and cattle, and the sawmill connected with his grist- mill did a large business. During the year of "the Irish famine," in 1847, he dealt largely in corn, making frequent purchases or engagements to de- liver as much as 10,000 bushels at one transaction m the Philadelphia Corn Exchange. jVlr. Bausman sold his mill property to the Wa- bank Hotel Company, the story of whose venture (.0 establish a summer resort on the Conestoga is still remembered by our older citizens. From the Wabank Company the mill passed to the Oberholt- zers. Meantime Mr. Bausman, who was almost a daily visitor to Lancaster city, and was constantly associated with its active business and commercial concerns, engaged in many local enterprises, and ventured without stint or timidity into judicious speculations. He was one of the original and con- tinuous members of the Lancaster Gas Company, which had such a prosperous career. He was early in the direction of the cotton mills, and one of the joint owners of No. 3 until it was sold to John Farnum & Co. He was a part owner of the Beaver Street Cotton Mill, which was sold after the death . of Dr. John L. Atlee, one of its joint proprietors. He was one of the managers of the Lancaster Fire Insurance Company during its existence. One of his largest business interests, and what proved to be an ufifortunate venture, was his association with Thomas Baumgardner and B. F. Shenk in the En- terprise Coal Company, of the Shamokin region. But the greater part of Mr. Bausman's time and attention during the last twenty-five years of his life was devoted to the management of the affairs of the Farmers' National Bank. That institution has a history of nearly a century. It was established first on Jan. 10, 1810, with a capital of $300,000 at that early day. Conrad Schwarz was its first president; George Graeff succeeded him in 1814, and the line of his successors embraces the names of William Jenkins, George Louis Mayer, George H. Krug and Christopher Hager. Mr. Bausman be- came a director of the institution in 1855, and in 1868 was elected to the presidency, which position he filled and adorned until January, 1892, when by reason of his age he declined a re-election and was succeeded by his son, J. W. B. Bausman, Esq. Mr. Bausman owned a number of farms, and took an active interest in their management. He was one of the first stockholders of the Manor Turnpike Road Company, and served as a director until his death. He was identified with the Millersville State Normal School from the time of its institution, and for many years was trustee of Franklin and Mar- shall College, and the treasurer of its board for twenty-eight years. He was a prominent member of the First Reformed Church of Lancaster, and a liber- al contributor to every form of church benevolence. Mr. Bausman was not married in early life, and made his home at his father's residence until he was over forty years of age. On Jan. 31, 1854, he mar- ried Mary Baer, who died Feb. 11, 1862; the only child of their union is John W. B. Bausman, a well- known citizen of Lancaster, and a sketch of whose career follows this. Jacob Bausman after his mar- riage lived on his farm on the Columbia turnpike, about three miles west of Lancaster city, until 1883, when he and his son moved into the mansion at the corner of West Chestnut and Concord streets, Lan- caster, where his son still resides. Until the time of his death, in February, 1894, he was a familiar figure' on the streets of the city. Every day found him at the bank, which chiefly engaged his attention, and where he gave direction to business interests. He was widely known as a business man of sagacity, integrity and stability. He took great pride in his native county, in the ancestral vocation of his fam- ily, and in the wealth and high cultivation of the lands of the Manor on which his ancestors settled, and where their children remained among the first citizens of the community. He recalled with clear recollection the dififerent stages of his career and noted the development of our material interests. The miller of to-day has to watch more closely than in years gone by the fluctuations of the grain market ; the farmer no longer has a distillery on his premises, nor offers the bottle to every hand before every meal ; but, in the main, agricultural modes of to-day are not radically different from those of half a century ago in Lancaster county ; and in the his- tory of what makes for prosperity, stability and per- manency, no name shows to better advantage in local annals than that of Bausman. JOHN WATTS BAER BAUSMAN, a promi- nent and influential citizen of Lancaster, was born March 12, 1855, in East Hempfield township, Lan- caster Co., Pa., only child of Jacob Bausman (Oct. 18, 1812 — Feb. II, 1894) and Mary Baer (May 25, 1816 — Feb. II, 1862), who were married Jan. 31, 1854. The record of his paternal ancestry is set forth in the preceding sketch of his father. His mother, Mary Baer, was a daughter of Henry Baer (Oct. 16, 1783 — Oct. 15, 1843) and Anna Hershey (Sept. 9, 1791 — April 15, 1861). Henry Baer was a son of Martin Baer (March 14, 1755 — Aug. 19, 1838), who was married to his cousin, Elizabeth Baer (Aug. 25, 1765 — July 3, 1849). Martin Baer was a son of Benjamin Baer (Feb. 16, 1727 — Aug. 10, 1799) and Maria Meylin (April 10, 1735 — July 27, 1806), and Benjamin Baer was a son of Henry i Baer (died July 10, 1750) and Barbara, his wife, the \ great-great-great-grandfather, and original settler, who came from the Canton of Berne, Switzerland, to Lancaster county, Pa., in the early part of 1717. With a view to acquiring land he made application on the 27th of July, of that year, to William Penn's deputies for a warrant for 500 acres. [See Everts & / Peck's History of Lancaster County, page 866.]/ The warrant was issued May 4, 1718, and the land/ "surveyed and laid out" on the 30th of the same month. On June 20, following, a patent was granted by the Proprietaries of the Province [see Rolls Office 60 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Mr. Harris was reared in the political school of Jefferson, and was inclined from the attack upon Sumter, to frown upon the armed subjugation of the South, deeming it without the range of the Federal Constitution. The fearless utterance of his sentiments on this topic led, on Feb. 20, 1863, to his arrest by military authority, but he was discharged from custody by habeas corpus the following day. Mr. 'Harris wrote and published his Geographical Hand Book in 1862 — a useful book of reference for the student, teacher and general reader. During the same year, 1862, he wrote and published a pamphlet of eighty-six pages entitled "The Cause of the War Shown," an utterance of his sentiments which had largely led to his before mentioned arrest. Having written, in 1872 he published, his "Biographical History of Lancaster County," an octavo of 600 pages, containing sketches of the early settlers and eminent men of the county. In 1876 he published his "Review of the Political Conflict in America," the same being a condemnation of the coercive prin- ciples of the banner of victory against the Southern States. Mr. Harris has been quite an investigator, es- pecially in the field of religious thought. Having •early freed himself from one of the most stubborn schools of protestant thought into a change of faith, he was baptized into the Roman Catholic Church Feb. 23, 1863. His articles, however, on Frederick Schleiermacher Origen, the ancient divine, and others that appeared in the Mercersburg Review in 1873 and afterwards, evince a rationalistic change of thought to have taken place from that whfch he ■first, upon investigation, adopted. Mr. Harris is quite a linguist, and has ever had great fondness for that kind of study. Besides be- ing fairly conversant with the classical languages of Greek and Latin, a large part of his library is made up of the writings of German and French authors, which languages he reads with ease. Out- side of his mother tongue he has devoted most time to the mastering of the German language, for a clearer understanding of the great writers and thinkers in all departments of science and phil- osophy, who have left their brightest and best couched only in the language of their native country. AMOS ELLMAKER. Lancaster county has produced few men of intellectual attainments so brilliant as those of Amos Ellmaker, lawyer, jurist and statesman. Fitted by mental endowment to fill the highest political stations in the land, admired by a wide constituency, courted by men of eminence and renown, he possessed that equable nature which was unmoved by the glitter of political prefer- ment, and though he filled many positions of im- portance and eminence he declined many others, pre- ferring the practice of his profession in Lancaster county. Mr. Ellmaker was a native of Lancaster county. born Feb. 2, 1787, son of Nathaniel Ellmaker. Giv- ing in his early youth abundant evidence of superior ability. Amos was afforded by his father the oppor- tunity of acquiring a liberal education. He was sent to Princeton College, there completing his classical education, and choosing the law as his profession he attended the then celebrated law school at Litchfield, Conn., conducted by Judge Reeves. Admitted to the Bar, Mr. Ellmaker began practice at Harrisburg, and he speedily established himself as one of the leading members of the Pennsylvania Bar. His professional life became one of great activity. He was an officer in the army that marched from Pennsylvania to the defense of Baltimore in the war of . 1812. He was appointed prosecuting attorney for Dauphin county, and from the same county was three times elected to the State House of Representatives. In 1814 he was elected to Congress, but declined to serve; for the same year he was appointed Presiding Judge for the district composed of Dauphin, Lebanon and Schuylkill counties. Resigning this judgeship later, he was appointed Attorney General of the Common- wealth, which office he also resigned, in 1821. Removing that year to Lancaster, Mr. Ellmaker there entered upon the practice of law, and met with extraordinary success. Completing a brilliant career as an advocate, he retired in affluence a number of years later. Judge Ellmaker was in 1832 a candidate of the anti-Masonic party for Vice President of the United States, and two years later he received next to James Buchanan the highest legislative vote for United States senator. Upon the accession of James Monroe to the Presidency Mr. Ellmaker was ten- dered, but declined, the cabinet appointment of Sec- retary of War, a position for which he was admirably qualified, and though urgently solicited by his many friends to accept he preferred the enjoyments of a quiet life. He was a natural leader of men and political thought,- and during the anti-Masonic and the Whig campaigns of his active life his political views and sentiments were widely sought. He com- manded a wide influence in professional and political 'circles, and though deaf to many beckoning calls to honors and preferments he retained and' cherished to the last the affections and admiration of the peo- ple of Pennsylvania. Judge Ellmaker married, in 1816, Mary Rachel Elder, of Harrisburg, a member of a distinguished pioneer family of Pennsylvania, many representa- tives of which attained high political and profes- sional honor. She was a granddaughter of Rev. John Elder, a native of Edinburgh, Scotland, .and for more than a half century pastor of the church at Paxton, Pa. Several of his sons were officers in the Revolutionary army. Judge Amos Ellmaker died Nov. 28, 185 1. His family consisted of six children, Franklin, Nathaniel, Catharine C, Eliza- beth E., Thomas and Levi. Thomas Ellmaker, M. D., a retired physician of Lancaster, and perhaps the oldest member of the medical profession in that city, is a son of Hon. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 61 Amos and Mary Rachel (Elder) Ellmaker. He was born in Lancaster county March 22, 1825, and in the schools of Lancaster city received his early edu- cation, subsequently attending St. Paul's Episcopal College, on Long Island. Attending lectures at Jef- ferson Medical College, he graduated from that in- stitution March 24, 1846, and at once began the practice of medicine at Landisville, this county. He continued successively in practice for a period of five years, and then removed to Lancaster, where, on West King street, he successfully conducted for twenty years a drug store. Dr. Ellmaker then re- tired from active life. He has since retained his residence at Lancaster, but has traveled considerably through the West. He is proficient in the French, Latin and Greek languages, and is well read in the sciences also. He is the owner of a large and well- selected library, which he keeps up to date by judici- ous purchase. He has been a member of the Lan- caster City and County Medical Society, of the State Medical Society, and of the American Medical Association. He served as president of the Lan- caster Medical Society, and as secretary for three years. In politics Dr. Ellmaker is a Republican. He is an attendant of and a liberal contributor to the Presbyterian Church, and among the social organiza- tions he is prominently affiliated with the Order of United American Mechanics. He also has promi- nent business and financial connections. Dr. Ellmaker has never had need to use glasses, and he is a remarkably well preserved man for his age. The city and county of Lancaster have no warmer friend than Dr. Ellmaker. He has been identified with many business interests,. and in any cause for public improvement his aid is ever ready. WILLIAM KONIGMACHER SELTZER, a well-known member of the Lancaster County Bar, who has retired after an active practice of thirty- seven years, resides in one of the handsomest and most comfortable residences in Ephrata — a village which has become noted for its attractive residences and air of solid comfort. The Seltzer family is of German extraction. Three brothers came from Germany to America, one of them settling in Berks county. Pa., one in Lebanon county, and the third in Virginia. It was the settler in Berks county who founded the branch in which William Konigmacher Seltzer traces his direct ancestral line. For many years his respected grandfather, John Seltzer, was a leading farmer in the vicinity of Womelsdorf. Jacob Van Reed Seltzer, son of John, and the father of William K., was a wholesale merchant in Philadelphia for a number of years, remaining in business until his health failed. Returning to his old home in Berks county, after six years of retire- ment, he died there in 1853, ^t the early age of thirty-six years. He married Mary Konigmacher, daughter of the late William Konigmacher, the well- known farmer, tanner and stone contractor, who furnished all the fine stone for Franklin and Mar- shall College; St. Mary's Catholic Church of Lan- caster ; the courthouse ; the Lancaster county prison ; the store front of the building erected by the late John N. Lane, now owned by J. R. Foster; and many other of the city's most notable buildings. The stone was furnished from the famous quarries which are located near Durlach, this county, and which cannot be equalled in the State. The Konigmacher family has an old and honor- able record also, great-grandfather Dr. Jacob Konig- macher being an eminent physician of his time. Among the prized possessions in Mr. Seltzer's home is a veritable "great-grandfather's clock," which was once used by this ancestor, and which still serves its purpose, although its face has looked out upon the domestic life of its owners for fully 125 years. Upon the death of Jacob Van Reed Seltzer his. widow removed to Ephrata, which was her old home, taking her nine-year-old son, William K., with her, and through all these years mother and son have been spared to one another, the tender af- fection between them realizing the highest maternal and filial love. Mrs. Seltzer is a woman of superior mind and attainments, mentally equipped and phy- sically as strong as many women who have not yet passed the half-century life mark. William Konigmacher Seltzer was born Aug. 8,. 1844, at Womelsdorf, Pa., and was educated in the schools there and in Lancaster county. For a time he pursued higher branches at the State Normal School at Millersville, after which he taught school for several years, all the time, however, having his mind fixed on the study of the law. Finally, with this end in view, he went to New Haven, Conn., and there took a preparatory course, later entering the Yale Law School. Upon his return to Lancas- ter county he entered the law office of the revered Hon. Nathaniel Ellmaker, of the city of Lancaster, and was admitted to the practice of his profession in September, 1865. Later he was admitted to the Supreme and Superior courts, and for a period of thirty-seven years engaged in successful practice. For twenty-five years, as justice of the peace, Mr, Seltzer administered impartial justice. Although a lifelong Republican, and active in the work of the party, he received his first appointment to this posi- tion from a Democratic governor, Pattison. Mr. Seltzer resigned the office some four years ago. For a number of years he was also a notary public, and as such attended to a great deal of business. As stated above, Mr. Seltzer is a lifelong Republi- can, and it can also be said 'that his Republicanism is such that where he stands politically is not ques- tioned. He has served as delegate to county. State and National conventions, and was one of the fam-. ous 306 who, in the Republican National Convention 62 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY of 1880, believed so strongly in the wisdom of Gen. Grant's serving a third term as President that they went down to defeat with their colors nailed to the rtlast. Mr. Seltzer's interest in educational matters has made him a particularly useful member of the school board, on which he has served for five years, and he is serving his second year as its efficient presi- dent. Although he is a most effective speaker, arid a most desirable candidate for almost any office in the eyes of his friends, he has steadily declined political preferment, private life being more to his taste. Since June, 1866, he has been president of the Northern Mutual Fire Insurance Company of Lancaster county, which manages about $18,000,- 000 of local insurance. In his early manhood Mr. Seltzer was sworn in as a militiaman and served during the Civil war, for one year as a member of Battery I, Pa. Light Artillery, under Capt. Nevin. In this connection, as in other relations of life, he gave faithful and satisfactory service. For nearly twenty years he has been a vestryman in the Lutheran Church, and for a considerable period was superintendent of the Sunday-school. Fraternally he is a Thirty-second degree Mason, a member of the Consistory and all the bodies leading up to that honorable body. In 1869 William K. Seltzer married Miss Emma Keller, daughter of Jacob B. Keller, a retired mer- chant of Ephrata, who had also been a prominent miller and farmer in his day. Six children were born to this union, five of whom are still living: Henry Kent, who graduated from Lehigh Univers- ity, class of 1895, is now following a successful career as a civil engineer in Kansas City, being connected with the responsible firm of Waddell & Hedrick, consulting engineers, the senior member of this well-known firm having received a decoration from the Emperor of Japan. Jacob Franklin died at the age of ten years. Naomi M. was educated at Ladies College, Hagerstown, Md. Lillian R. was educated at Wilson College, Chambersburg, Pa, Mabel R. was a student at the excellent Quaker, George School, near Newtown, Bucks county, which is under the supervision of the Society of Friends, and at present is attending Irving College, at Me- chanicsburg. Pa. William Van Reed, also a student, is at home. The professional life of Mr. Seltzer has been 3, successful one, but the business affairs of the great company which he so efficiently directs leave hin^ no time to continue in that line. His familiarity with the risks and responsibilities of the business has made him highly valued by his associates, and gained him the confidence of the public. A pleasant, gen- ial gentleman, overflowing with the milk of human kindness, with an open hand and a ready smile, Mr. Seltzer is one of the most popular and highly es- teemed citizens of Ephrata. PATRICK McEVOY (deceased), who was one of Lancaster's most prominent men, was born in Mount Mellick, Queen's County, Ireland, in 1805, and came to America in 1823. He found employ- ment with a railroad contractor, but in a few years embarked for himself in the same business. Return- ing to Ireland, he in 1835 was married there to Julia Maher, a native of the same place as himself. With his wife he returned to America, and purchasing a tract of land just outside the limits of Lancaster, re- sided there until his death. He became the business partner of Mr. Malone and in a few years was one of the most extensive railroad contractors in the coun- try. He had large contracts in the construction of the Pennsylvania railroad, the New York and Erie, and on the Susquehanna tide-water canal. One of the finest pieces of railroad in the United States is the section of the Central Pennsylvania railroad at Kittanning Point, and this was constructed by Mr. McEvoy. In 1867 Mr. McEvoy became a member of the banking house of Evans, McEvoy & Co., in Laricas- ter ; he was the owner of considerable real-estate, a stockholder of the Pennsylvania Central railroad ; a director of a number of turnpike companies and also of the old Lancaster Bank. In 1864 he was a Presi- dential elector on the Democratic ticket. He was a very liberal man and was one of the founders of the Buchanan-McEvoy-Reynolds Relief Fund of Lan- caster city, and he bequeathed various amounts to the Boys' Orphan Asylum, Philadelphia; and the Catholic Seminary at Overbrook, Pa. He died Feb. I, 1870, and is interred in St. Mary's Catholic Ceme- tery, Lancaster. REV. JACOB R. HERSHEY. The Hershey family is not only one of the most prominent, but is also one of the oldest families in Lancaster county, having been founded in 1719. Its numerous repre- sentBtives have been noted for their excellence, as far- mers, their intelligence and morality as citizens, and for their work and influence in the Mennonite Church. Andrew Hershey was born in Switzerland in 1702. His father removed to the Palatinate, and be- came a member of the court of Freidensheim. In 1719 the records tell that with his father and brother Benjamin, Andrew Hershey emigrated to America and settled in Lancaster county. Pa. The other brother. Christian, was forced to remain behind at the court, but in 1739 he also came to America and joined the two brothers who had preceded him. They were all serious-minded, worthy men, and were chosen to be ministers in the Mennonite Church. Andrew Hershey lived to the age of ninety years, and died in 1792. He had the following children: Christian, Andrew, John, Benjamin, Jacob, Abraliam, Isaac, Herii-y, Peter, Catheririe> Maria and Adli. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 63 Andrew Hershey (2), son of Andrew, was born in Lancaster county, and married Magdelina Bach- man. He was a farmer all his life and died July 16, 1806 ; his widow survived until Sept. 10, 1833. Jacob Hershey, son of Andrew (2) was a well- known farmer of Lancaster county. He married Anna Newcomer, and their children were : John, Christian, Abraham and Joseph. Jacob Hershey died in 1825, at the age of eighty years, while his widow survived until 1830, dying at the age of eighty-one years. Bishop Joseph Hershey, son of Jacob and father of Rev. Jacob R. Hershey, was for many years a bishop in the Mennonite Church, and by precept and example, promulgated his belief; His residence was on the old Hershey estate in SaUsbury township, where he died in 1855, at the age of sixty-four years. His wife, Magdalena (Roop) Hershey, a daughter of Andrew and Esther (Kauffman) Roop, died April 19, 1887, aged eighty-nine years and ter^ months, and was laid to rest by her husband's side in the old Hershey cemetery, in Salisbury township, this quiet spot having been a part of the original estate. The children born to this union were : Rev. Jacob R., of this sketch ; Christian, who died at the age of eighteen years; Barbara, deceased wife of David Hoover; Anna, who died young; John, who died young; and Abraham. Rev. Jacob R. Hershey, son of Bishop Joseph and Magdalena (Roop) Hershey, was bom on his present farm, Aug. 9, 1817, and there grew to man- hood. For many years he was well known in agri- cultural circles, but he retired from all active labor in 1877. Brought up under Christian influences, in a pious and godly home, his beloved parents setting him noble examples, the young man early professed religious conviction and became a minister in the Mennonite Church. In 1858 he was ordained to the work, and for forty-two years has been a faithful laborer in the field of usefulness in which he was placed. He is known and beloved over a wide extent of territory, and particularly in the Old Road and Paradise charges, where hjs labors have been much blessed. Although no politician, his sympathies have always been with the Republican party. For a considerable period he served as school director, and has taken a deep interest in educational matters. With the exception of four years passed on a neighboring farm, the one he now occupies has always been his home. Here he is surrounded by all that makes advanced life com- fortable, is the center of loving relatives and friends, and appears much younger than many of his con- temporaries, as he reads without glasses. With the exception of a hardness of hearing, he shows that Time has touched him very gently. On Nov. 29, 1839, in Lancaster, Rev. Hershey was married to Margaret Eby, born July 14,1819, in Salisbury township, daughter of Peter Eby (whose wife was a member of the Weaver family), and sister of Bishop Eby. (For sketch of Eby family, see another part of this volume). To Rev. Jacob R. and Margaret (Eby) Hershey were born nine children, of whom we have the following record: Josiah; Magdalena, the wife of John R. Buck- walder, of Kinzers, Pa. ; Peter, who went to the West and has never been heard from; Ephraim', a farmer in Salisbury township; Mary, who married Christian Metzler, a farmer of Paradise township; Jacob, a farmer of Salisbury township ; Lizzie, who died young; and Margaret, also deceased. Ephraim Hershey, the third son of Rev. Jacob R. and Margaret (Eby) Hershey, was born on the old homestead, in Salisbury township, Dec. 6, 1844. Until his marriage he remained under the parental roof, and then took charge of the farming opera- tions there for three years. He next removed to his present excellent farm of ninety-three acres, and has developed them in the same excellent manner. In his locality he is much esteemed, and he and family belong to the Mennonite Church. He belongs to no political party, casting his vote as he deems best for all concerned. On Jan. i, 1867, Ephraim Hershey was married to Susan E. Leaman, of Paradise township, and to this union were born the following children: Ira, who married Sarah Kreider, is a farmer in Salisbury township, and has six children; Emma M., who married John G. Wenger, lives in Salisbury town- ship, and they have four children; Frank B., who married Lydia W. Buckwalter, is a farmer in Salisbury township; and Omer E., Elam W., Ephraim K., Jacob R., Jr., and Alice W. are at home. Mrs. Susan E. (Leaman) Hershey was born May 3, , 1845., ill Leacock township, daughter of Jacob and Lydia (Buckwalter) Leaman, the former of whom was a farmer, and for many years a school director of East Lampeter township. He died in 1891, at the age of seventy years, and was buried in Mellinger's cemetery, near Lancaster. His widow resides in Paradise township, with her daughter, Mrs. John Kreider. Both Mr. and Mrs. Leaman were members of the Mennonite Church. • Jacob E. Hershey, general farmer, was born in Salisbury township, on his present farm, Sept. 13, 1856, son of Rev. Jacob R. and Margaret (Eby) Hershey. He was reared to farm life and has followed agricultural pursuits exclusively, on this farm, all his ictive life, with the exception of three years spent on a neighboring estate. Mr. Hershey like the other members of his family is highly es- teemed as a man of honor and reliability, and belongs to a family which is one of the most substantial in this part of Lancaster county. He has shown a deep interest in educational matters, and has served as school director for the past fifteen years. In politics he is a Republican. With his family he belongs to, and assists in supporting, the Mennonite Church. 64 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY On Oct. 26, 1876, in Lancaster, Mr. Hershey was married to Miss Mary Esbenshade, and the children born to this union were as follows: Herbert, at home; Clayton, who married Ella Buchwalder, has one child, and lives in Paradise township; Milton, Elwood, Bertha, Mabel, Edna and Margerie, are at home; and Willis died young. Mrs. Mary (Esbenshade) Hershey was born in Earl township, Nov. 25, 1852, daughter of Jacob and Susannah (Bushong) Esbenshade, of Lancaster county, both of whom died in East Earl township, where they were farming people all their lives. The father of Mrs. Hershey died in 1898, aged sixty- nine years, and the mother died in August, 1901, aged seventy-oiie years. Both parents were interred in Eaby's cemetery in West Leacock township, hav- ing long been members of the German Baptist Church. They had these children born to them, besides Mary, who is the wife of Jacob E. Hershey ; Elizabeth, deceased wife of John Kochel; Sarah, wife of Rife Myers, a farmer of Earl township; Emma, wife of Frank Buckwalder, of Paradise township ; Susan, wife of Elam Kreider, of West Leacock township ; Lydia, wife of Martin Ebersole, of Paradise township; Amanda, wife of Walter Mays, of East Earl township ; and Adam, a farmer of East Earl township. NATHANIEL ELLMAKER, lawyer, philan- thropist and Christian gentleman, was born in Har- risburg. Pa., April 27, 1817. He was descended from that sturdy German stock that came to Penn- sylvania early in the eighteenth century and did so much to give tone and direction to Pennsylvania during its formative period. The first comer of the name was Leonard EUmaker, who reached Lancas- ter county in 1724. He became a prominent and well-to-do citizen. His son, Nathaniel, became still more prominent in the afifairs of the Commonwealth, being honored with election to the State Senate in 1796. He was a man of more than average ability, of much independence of character, great probity, ^nd an unswerving lover of truth. Still more promi- nent in public affairs was Amos EUmaker, son of the last named, who was born in Lancaster county Feb. 2, 1787. From boyhood he manifested a ten- dency toward something higher than the rural life to which he was bom, and his father wisely allowed him to follow the bent of his inclinations by sending him to Princeton College, where he was graduated. Later he studied law. He began the practice of his profession in the city of Harrisburg. He was ap- pointed prosecuting attorney of Dauphin county, and was thrice sent to the State Legislature by the same constituency. In 1814 he was elected to Con- gress, but declined to serve, having been appointed President Judge of the district composed of Dau- phin, Lebanon and Schuylkill cotinties. Still higher honors awaited him. Resigning his judgeship, he was made Attornev General of the Commonwealth. He resigned that position also, and in 1821 came to Lancaster, where he resumed the practice of his pro- fession. His success was remarkable. He became prominent in politics also, and he was the Anti-Ma- sonic candidate for the Vice-Presidency in 1832. Two years later he was a candidate for the United States Senate, his vote being next to that of James Buchanan,, who was the successful candidate. He declined the position of Secretary of War, tendered him by President Monroe. Amos EUmaker was the father of Nathaniel EUmaker, whose name intro- duces this article. With such a father, and under such training as his home life so generously gave, young EUmaker naturally developed those sterling traits of character which became so conspicuous during his long and useful later career. As already said, Nathaniel Ell- maker was born in 1817 in Harrisburg, where his father at that time resided. His early education was carefully attended to at his own home. Upon his father's removal to Lancaster, in 1821, home in- struction was supplemented by the private schools of that city. Still later he attended the well-known school at Lititz, taught by that eminent instructor, John Beck, In due time he graduated from thence to complete his education at an academy of high re- pute in Burlington, N. J. Young EUmaker was bright and quick, and emerged from that institution with a mind well equipped for the battle of life which he was soon to enter. Making choice of the law as his life work, he took the full course at the Yale College Law School. At its conclusion he entered the ofi&ce of his illus- trious father, where the real practical duties of his profession were fully and quickly mastered. On May 2, 1838, his aspirations were finally realized by his admission to the Lancaster Bar, which he was destined for a period of sixty years to adorn with his legal abilities and eloquence, and to uplift by his dignity and high personal character. Ably equipped as he was for the duties of his profession, he quickly acquired a large practice at a Bar noted for its strong lawyers. In conducting the business of his large clientage he was continually brought into those intellectual combats in which the strong lawyer, conscious of his powers, delights. The eloquent Col. Eraser, the learned and sarcastic Stevens, the well- read Franklin, and a host of other eminent celebri- ties, were the men young EUmaker was time and again called upon to meet in legal combat, nor did these veterans always escape without marks of the legal fray. He sought rather than shunned them, for he well knew that the highest honors were won in honorable battle with the giants of his profession, and not with its weaklings. He became a favorite with the people of the county, as his father had been before him, and his practice in the Common PleaS was large and lucrative. His wide legal knowledge, united with his elevation of character and suavity of manner, made him a dangerous opponent before a jury. His love of justice, and his natural hatred ^^7^-b.^^--^- ^Ye^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 65 of wrongdoing in all its forms, impressed themselves on the community, and his clients generally were of the best class in it. This confidence was transmitted from father to son, and to be once his client was to remain so always. His practice in the Orphans' court, than which there can hardly be a higher test of confidence, was admittedly the largest ever en- joyed by a member of the local Bar. Mr. Ellmaker, as may be inferred from what has already been said, never took a retainer in a case which he knew to be unjust. For this reason, no doubt, was his early resolve never to act for cor- porations, where perhaps such cases might confront him, and to the last he preferred to stand with the people, refusing all corporation business. That de- termination cost him much money. But what of that ? His conscience remained calm and serene, and that was greater reward to him than great gains won in an unworthy cause. Pages might be written of those noble traits of character which marked every step of his career in his long and useful life. It is certain that Mr. Ellmaker imbibed his lofty ideas of propriety and duty from his illustrious father, in whom they were also conspicuous. In addition to the claims of an arduous profes- sion upon him, Mr. Ellmaker found time to do a large amount of miscellaneous reading. The result was that few men were so thoroughly informed of what was going on in the .great world of to-day as he was. His general knowledge had a wide range, and was fullv at his command, making him an ad- mirable companion in social life. Although his father was in public life as states- man, politician and a holder of high party trusts, he cautioned his son from pursuing a like course. The request was heeded, and, although from his being so well known to the public, and a member of the dominant party, almost any local political honor was within his easy reach, he turned aside from the allur- ing temptation and remained until the end an ardent lover of his first mistress, the law. Mr. E'llmaker was at once one of the most lib- eral and most modest of men. His hand and his purse were ever open to the calls of charity. Every worthy organization in the community had in him a friend and a patron. His benefactions were lib- eral, but they seldom reached the public ear, and only when publicity was unavoidable. Truly his charity was of the kind spoken of by the Master when he said, "Let not thy left hand know what thy right hand doeth," and many a deserving local char- ity has had cause to regret his departure. Nathaniel Ellmaker was married to Cecilia Hager. daughter of Christopher Hager, a prominent merchant of Lancaster. No children came to bless this happy union. The widow is still living. Mr. EUm.aker's early religious affiliations were with the Episcopal Church, but later he united himself with the Lutheran Church. It is difficult in a brief sketch like this to do full justice to a' life so pure and beautiful as that of 5 Nathaniel Ellmaker. Although he was decided and firm in his opinions, they were advanced in a man^ ner not calculated to wound or give offense, but his sense of right was so strong that nothing could swerve him from it. In accepting a legal work, he made it his aim never to defend a case he believed unjust. He believed in the justice of it so strongly that his sincerity impressed itself upon the jury, and carried the day. Although reluctant to intrude his opinions upon the public, any public scheme intended to deceive or defraud was pretty sure to be sharply antagonized by a communication from his pen in the public journals. In all the relations of life Mr. Ell- maker was justly regarded by the community as a high-toned, upright, conscientious gentleman; a model man, in fact, of whom no praise was too strong and no words too eulogistic. We can only say the world was better because of his having lived in it, and poorer because of his departure. To those who knew Mr. Ellmaker in his lifetime,, or had dealings with him, his personal character could not have failed to become well known. To those, however, of the next generation, for whom this book rriust be principally intended, his person- ality cannot be so readily comprehended without a brief sketch of the man himself. In stature he was six feet or over, weighing in his best days i8o pounds or more, had a light com- plexion, light hair, worn short, a face cleanly shaven, an honest, open countenance, kindly manners, free from all affectation, guile or trickery, a hand shapely as a lady's, with a clasp friendly and true. He was brisk in his movements, walked fast, and frequently cautioned himself against undue haste in his work by repeating the admonition, "The more hurry, the less speed." He dressed in good taste, without any- thing flashy or loud ; carried his watch on a braided guard, without seal or ornament. Whatever talents may have come down from his distinguished father, much of his physical and mental activity and love of the humorous, no doubt, he inherited from his mother, who was in all respects a superior woman. She was the daughter of Thomas Elder, in his time a leading lawyer of the Dauphin County Bar, under whom his father, Amos Ell- maker, studied law. Although raised in two cities, Harrisburg and Lancaster, it should be remembered that Mr. Ell- maker stored up vitality for after life by spending much of his vacation time when a boy in the country, partly with his grandfather, Thomas Elder, visiting the latter's farm in Dauphin county, but oftener with his relatives and friends down in the Earl townships, taking part in the work that was to be done, assist- ing in a country store, driving an ox team, and help- ing wherever he could be useful. There he formed friendships that lasted all his life, and funny things happened to him, of which he loved to tell in after years, one of which only we have space to relate — ■ though we cannot tell it in his humorous manner. He was on a visit to his favorite coiisin and attended 66 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY church with him. When service began, the singers, after several efforts, failed to start the hymn. Then an old Presbyterian elder took the matter in hand and started the hymn, but by mistake started it in a metre too long for the verses ; nothing daunted, how- ever, he stuck to it bravely, repeating parts of the verses where the metre was too long, in a most laughter-provoking manner, to the end. The cousin, who had given Mr. Ellmaker a front seat, kept his eyes with a long-drawn face on Mr. Ell- maker, who was struggling hard against an explo- sion of laughter, while some of the younger folks behind him were tittering — all of which the cousin greatly enjoyed. On the way home from church, each man driving his own team and accompanied by his wife, the cousin commenced racing, driving around and past Mr. Ellmaker several times. When at home Mr. Ellmaker threatened to report him to the church for racing on Sunday, whereupon the cousin declared he did not race, but that his horse had run away with him. In some such manner the two cousins, when old in years, still young at heart and in friendship true, innocently enjoyed themselves whenever they met. Mr. Ellmaker did not delight much in the subtle intricacies of the law, outside of a well-prepared brief of the authorities needed to support his case. He would have the witnesses called together, ex- amined, and their testimony taken down before the trial, and if possible have everything ready when the case was called. After the jury was selected, case opened, and witnesses called, his abilities came into play. Fully convinced that his client's case was a just one (as already stated, he would not take a case that he did not consider just), the expression of his face and demeanor fully indicated that fact, and no doubt often helped to impress the jury with a simi- lar opinion. There was no levity, no laughing mat- ter, with him, but a serious watchfulness, searching questions to a witness, and telling replies to oppo^ site counsel, "shots on the wing" when opportunity offered. When he objected to the evidence offered he cited his authorities, stated his reasons without delay or any display of oratory, and, if overruled, took his exceptions and let the trial go on. When the testimony was closed, and it came to addressing the jury, then his reserve force would show itself. The Bar knew this, and when an important case in which he was engaged was to be won, and he could be given the last speech, he would generally win it. He would move the jury by his sincerity of manner and earnestness of pleading, while he would de- molish his opponent's case by his irresistible ridi- cule. Judge Brubaker declared him a dangerous man before a jury; and Col. Dickey, who was engaged both with him and against him in a number of cases, said "Mr. Ellmaker was the strongest man in his day before a jury at the Lancaster Bar." Give him a case of an innocent maiden against her false-hearted lover, for a breach of promise of mar- riage; or a suit against a rich railroad company, for running down the wife of a market farmer and mother of his children, and there was no telling how high the verdict would be. Once a high ver- dict case was sent back by the Supreme court prin- cipally on that account, and the second verdict was higher than the first. In another suit against a rail- road for damages the company moved for a change of venue, alleging that a fair trial could not be had in the county. It was but a short road, and the idea that it would affect the entire population of the coun- ty he made to appear so ridiculous that he had mem- bers of the Bar shaking in their seats with laughter, the court refused the application, and the company thought best to settle their case. As already stated, Mr. Ellmaker took an inter- est in public affairs, especially anything that closely affected his own community. He was one of the men who, with Dr. F. A. Muhlenberg and Bishop Bow- man, had the manner of the ringing of the church bells changed from the old way of ringing them all at the same time, causing a deaferiing and confused clangor, which, if not noisy enough to waken the dead, was at least sufHcient to hurry the sick and dying out of the world. The mode was changed through their efforts to an alternate ringing, as prac- ticed up to the present day. Politically Mr. Ellmaker was a Silver Gray, Henry Clay, Whig, and opposed to the Ultra-Aboli- tionist, but joined the Republican party and voted for Lincoln, and when the news came that Fort Sumter had been fired upon all former party lines ■ were wiped out with him — the Union party embraced both. R.epublican and Democrat, all joined to save the Union, and a mixed county ticket was nominated by the committee of which he was an active member. He was one of the solicitors instrumental in having the non-combatant people, who thought it wrong to bear arms (many of whom were his clients), ex- cused from the war draft. Mr. Ellmaker was a broad churchman, and said one of the pleasant sights he loved to behold was Bishop Bowman, the Episcopalian, Parson Baker, the Lutheran, and Father Keenan, the Catholic priest, walking together to visit the public schools, of which they were directors. In his home life the wish of the German poet was fulfilled: O, zarte Sehnsucht, sueszes Hoffen, Der ersten Liebe goldne Zeit ! O, dasz sie ewig gruenen bliebe, Die schoene Zeit der jungen Liebe. Between him and his life's .partner love never grew old. It was beautiful to see. Wherever one went the other went — whether to cross the ocean to visit foreign lands, to climb the Alps, or search among the old German Church records ; whether to rest from their year's labors and enjoy life for a season along the seashore, or among the mountains ; or whether confined to the sick room ; wherever the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 67 one was, there the other was sure to be, in faithful attendance while life lasted. In i860 he and his wife built their charming country home, the beautiful "Friedenthal," now thickly embowered among the stately trees they planted, and sacredly guarded and kept by his sur- viving life partner, in all respects as he loved to see it. No gun was then, or is yet, allowed to be fired to disturb the wild birds that come in the spring to build their nests, rear their young, sing their songs, and spend the summers ; thrushes pick up crumbs at the kitchen door, and Phoebe sometimes chooses a place for' her nest under the roof of the library porch. In this lovely place they shared their generous hos- pitality in an unostentatious and befitting manner. The old and young, learned and unlearned, priest and layman, rich and poor, were kindly welcomed and entertained, not in large assemblies with music and dancing, but in smaller parties, wisely chosen to be congenial to each other. A Sunday-school was for a time taught by the mistress, and a German class met at stated evenings, where college profes- sors and learned ministers took part in the study and discussion of the German classics, and fre- quently became engaged in warm disputes as to the proper interpretation of word or sentence, to the en- joyment of the host and hostess. Having no offspring or their own, nephews and nieces in part supplied the place, and uncle and aunt enjoyed their com- pany, and even sometimes took part in their plays and amusements. One autumn day, for instance, the children suggested that uncle should take them chestnut hunting. Doubting whether any nuts could be found, and to avoid disappointing them in their expectations, he provided himself with nuts from the kitchen, and when under the trees dropped them un- noticed by the children among the fallen leaves and allowed the children to pick them up. On returning home, however, it was discovered, to the surprise of both uncle and children, that the nuts were boiled, and uncle had to own up to what he had done, to the great merriment of the children ; he enjoyed the joke as much as they, although it had been somewhat turned upon himself. Nothing better need be written of Mr. Ellmaker than to quote from v/hat was said by his brother at- torneys at a Bar meeting held soon after his death : "For sixty years of practice at the Bar," they said, ■"he had all the time maintained the highest standard of professional honor. His private life was pure and simple, and his integrity and fidelity were never doubted by either his professional brethren, by his clients, or by the community in which he lived. He was alwavs'kind and courteous, full of pleasantries, and entertaining, and, whether grave or humorous, in all he said or related, there was never anything unseemly. Nothing ever passed his lips that could not have been spoken with propriety in the most polite circle or uttered in the hearing of innocent children." JOHN B. ESHLEMAN, Esq., one of the best county commissioners that Lancaster county has ever known, comes from an old and honored family. His grandfather, David Eshleman, was born in one of the Hempfields, and died in West Hempfield in September, 1834. He married Maria Summy, and their children were: Anna, who died in 1834, un- married; Jacob S. ; Benjamin, deceased; Peter, now living in Grant county, Ind. ; David, and Martin, both of Lawrence county, 111. ; John, deceased ; Henry, living in Lancaster county ; Elizabeth, widow of Joseph Musser; Mary, deceased; Barbara (Mrs. Wilhelm), now deceased, and Elizabeth, living in Clark county, Ohio. The father of this interesting family was a farmer in West Hempfield township. Jacob S. Eshleman, father of John B. Eshleman, was born in Hempfield township and was a far- mer. He was a prominent citizen and held the of- fice of supervisor and other positions of trust. He married Fannie Greider Bruckart, and his other children besides our subject were: Mary, who died in childhood ; Elizabeth, widow of the late John L. Gingrich, of West Donegal township, Lancaster county ; Jacob, who died Dec. 24, 1864, in the Rebel prison at Salisbury, N. C, while serving in the Un- ion army as a member of Company B, 45th P. V. I. ; Samuel, of West Hempfield township ; Anna, wife of Ephraim Bard, of West Hempfield township; Martha, deceased wife of Fred Johns, of Lancaster ; Peter, of West Hempfield, and Eugenie, deceased. John B. Eshleman was born Feb. 11, 1839, in West Hempfield township, and has spent the greater part of his life there, where he was educated in the public schools. He began teaching in 1857, and taught in that township and in Columbia borough for thirty-six years. In 1880 he was elected to the Legislature. He served one term as justice of the peace in West Hempfield township. In 1893 he was elected a county commissioner, and so well did he perform the duties of that responsible office that the Republicans of Lancaster county — to whose inter- ests he has been devoted for many years — re-elected him, by a magnificent majority, to a second term, and he had the honor of being the president of the board of commissioners during the entire period. Mr. Eshleman was married, in West Hempfield, to Miss Martha B. Kauffman, a daughter of David and Susan (Bishop) Kauffman, and the children born of this union were: Minnie, wife of Fred B. Daum, living in Philadelphia ; Susan, wife of Georga M. Weller, of West Hei-npfield ; Stella, wife of Mor- ris Witte, of West Hempfield; J. Guy, sten- ographer with Hon. W. U. Hensel at Lancaster, Pa., and Clara N., at home. Mr. Eshleman is a P. G. of Susquehanna Lodge, No. 80, I. O. O. F., of Columbia, and a P. C. P. of Shawnee Encampment, No. 23, also of Columbia ; he has been and is now a trustee of both and a repre- sentative to the grand bodies of both organizations* He is also identified with Olivia Lodge (Rebekahi BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Degree, Odd Fellows), of Wrightsville, and Lan- caster Canton. His family attend the United Brethren Church. An earnest Republican, yet never officiously ob- truding his views on others; a Christian gentle- man, and with a public record (officially) of which any man might well be proud, John B. Eshleman is naturally a strong man — politically, socially and in the business world, and in his present retirement from office he carries with him the well wishes of hosts of friends and admirers. CAPT. HENRY NEFF BRENEMAN, de- ceased. For a number of years the late Capt. Henry N. Breneman, whose death occurred Oct. lo, 1901, was a very conspicuous figure in Lancaster county, having worthily held offices of trust and responsi- bility in military, official and business life. Henry Neff Breneman was born on the old homestead in Strasburg, Lancaster county, Jan. 13. 1830. The family is of Swiss origin and the grand- father of the late Henry Breneman was Rev. Henry Breneman, a preacher of the Old Mennonite Church. The parents of Capt. Breneman were Henry and Elizabeth (Neff) Breneman, the former of whom was a miller and farmer near Strasburg. His chil- dren were as follows : Anna, deceased, married Daniel Herr, who is also deceased; EHzabeth mar- ried Henry Musser, and both are deceased ; Susan married Amaziah Herr of Strasburg, and is de- ceased ; Henry N., of this sketch. The early education of Capt. Henry N. Breneman was acquired in the public schools, and he finished in the Lititz Academy. At the age of twenty-one years he went to learn the milling business at the mill at Camargo, owned by his father, remaining there five years and subsequently engaging in the mercantile business in the store of Henry H. Bren- eman & Co., in Camargo. He then engaged in farming, and until he came to Lancaster was a resident of Strasburg township, except for one year, when he was a resident of Strasburg and was a member of the firm of Herr, Breneman & Co. In 1866 he engaged in the manufacture of agricultural implements, erecting a factory near his house, and carried on both this enterprise and farming for some years. Capt. Breneman took an active part in Republi- can politics, and served his town as assessor, school director for twelve years, and justice of the peace for fifteen years. During the Civil war he served as 1st Lieut, of Co. G, 22d P. V. I., until compelled to return home by reason of illness. Immediately after the battle of Gettysburg, he raised and became captain of a company of three months' men, which was attached to the 15th Regiment of Pennsylvania Militia as Company B. In 1875 he was elected sheriff of Lancaster county, serving three years. On May 24, 1894, Capt. Breneman removed with his family to Lancaster, after which time, in part- nership with his son, Joseph, under the style of H. N. Breneman & Son, he became prominent as a builder and contractor. This firm did much con- tract work in Lancaster and the adjacent country^ their most notable buildings in this city being the Court House annex, the "Lincoln Hotel," the silk mills and the new "Wheatland Hotel" on North Queen street. On March 17, 1858, Mr. Breneman was married to Anna M., daughter of the late Joseph Potts, of Strasburg, and she and nine children survive* as- follows : Winona S., wife of Abraham F. Strickler,. of Lancaster township ; Dr. Park P., a practicing physician of Lancaster ; Anna M. ; Joseph P., a con- tractor of Lancaster ; Elizabeth B., wife of Milo B> Herr, of Lancaster ; Maud M. ; Herbert N., as- sistant superintendent of Motive Power of the C. M. & St. P. R R. ; May, at home, and Li da L., at home. Capt. Breneman was a member of Washing- ton Lodge, No. 156, F. & A. M., of Quarryville, and the Lodge of Perfection, and Lancaster Com- mandery. Knights Templar, of Lancaster. By na- ture he was kind and genial and was much be- loved by all who knew him. Although during his last years he was no longer active in politics, his- former efficient services were always remembered. Mrs. Anna M. (Potts) Breneman was born ia the village of Lampeter, daughter of Joseph and Eliza (Miller) Potts, of Lancaster county. For a number of years Mr. Potts carried on a lumber busi- ness in Strasburg, but for seven years prior to his- death he was a farmer of Strasburg township. Het- held many of the town offices, and was long one of the school directors. He was born in 1813 and died in 1856. The mother of Mrs. Breneman was born in 1813 and died in 1880. Both par- ents were laid to rest in the Strasburg cem- etery. Two children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Potts : Anna M., who became Mrs. Breneman ; and Joseph, unmarried, who lives retired in Stras- burg. BROWN. Among the early settlers of Lan- caster county were the Browns, generally known as- "the Browns of Nottingham." As early as the year 1680, James and William Brown, of England, mem- bers of the Society of Friends, immigrated to Amer- ica and settled near Marcus Hook, on the Delaware river. James married Honour Clayton, and they had six children, four sons and two daughters, of whom their third son, Jeremiah, was the ancestor of the family we propose to follow. In the year 1669 a colony of Friends took up eighteen hundred acres of land in Nottingham, Chester county, forty miles from Marcus Hook. WilHam Penn donated them forty acres of land for a meeting house, graveyard, etc. Among those Friends were James and William Brown, befora mentioned, and from these brothers have descended most of that name now residing in the southern ends of Chester and Lancaster counties, Pa., and the northern end of Cecil county, in Maryland. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 69 Jeremiah Brown, third son of James, in 1710, Tnarried Mary Cole, of Nottingham, and became the father of Patience, Jeremiah, Joshua and Isaac. In the year 1758, Joshua Brown, son of Jere- miah, purchased five hundred acres of land in that part of Little Britain now known as Fulton town- ship, Lancaster county, and removed thereto, his ■eldest son, Elisha, remaining on the farm in Not- tingham. On this farm, situated in the Conowingo valley, a substantial brick dwelling house was erect- ed, which has braved the storms of more than a century. Joshua Brown was an eminent minister in the Society of Friends, and for the love of the gospel traveled extensively to all the meetings of the society in the different colonies. During the time of the Revolutionary war he felt it his duty to ^isit Friends at Winchester, Virginia, who had been Vanished from their homes in Philadelphia for no crime but their faithful adherence to their' well- Tcnown peace principles. While on that visit one of their number died. After attending his funeral, and •encouraging Friends to faithfulness under their suf- fering, he, in company with Achilla Douglas, of Virginia, proceeded to visit the meetings of Quakers in Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina and encourage Friends during that trying period to stand fast to their Christian testimony against all wars and fightings. In the latter State the two were arrested by the authorities as spies and cast into prison. Friend Brown showed the officers his cre- dentials of unity with his friends at home and the object of his mission among them. After a thorough investigation, the judge of the court admitted he lielieved them to be innocent men ; he nevertheless committed them to prison. The jailor and his wife were kind to them, and soon they were allowed the freedom of the town by day, returning to the jail in the evening to lodge. They held religious meet- ings in the court-house frequently, which the citi- zens attended with openly expressed satisfaction. The prisoners were offered their release on condi- tion "they would leave the State, never to- return." This they could not conscientiously consent to, and after a detention of about six months they were ■discharged. Notwithstanding this long and unex- pected imprisonment, Joshua felt it a religious duty to visit the meetings of Friends in the Carolinas and Virginia. This valuable Friend and undaunted Christian died on Oct. 15, 1798, in the eighty-sec- ond year of his age, a faithful minister of the gos- pel for forty-eight years. Joshua Brown was born March 5, 1717, and Oct. 15, 1736, married Hannah Gatchell, who bore him eleven children, of whom ten grew to ma- . turity. Of these, four, Mary (intermarried with Vincent King), Jeremliah, Isaiah, and Joshua, set- tled and remained on the homestead or in the neigh- iDorhood. Vincent and Jeremiah King, sons of Mary (Brown) King, were noted physicians. Jeremiah purchased of his father his grist and saw-mill, which he enlarged, and it ultimately became the chief merchant mill in southern Lancaster county. Isaiah was a humble blacksmith, who inherited forty acres of land, a part of his father's farm ; he died in the year 1805, leaving one son, who subsequently re- moved to Illinois. Joshua, the youngest son, died in 1823 on the mansion farm, leaving no children. Jeremiah Brown, as has been stated, purchased his father's mills and a portion of his farm. He was a man possessed of great energy and persever- ance and was eminently successful in business. His supplies of grain at that time were chiefly drawn from the rich valleys of the Pequea and Conestoga, in Lancaster count;^, and the Codqrus valley in York county, from whence it was carted, in wagons to the mill, and the flour in turn carted thirty miles to Christiana Creek, Del., where i*- was shipped to Philadelphia, then the nearest and most expedi- tious route to a market. About the year 1800 he purchased the extensive Slate Hill, at Peach Bot- tom, in Lancaster countv, on the Susquehanna river, and commenced the manufacture of roofing-slates. From these quarries, the first opened in this sec- tion of the State, he furnished the slate which yet covers the State capitol at Harrisburg, the Friends Asylum for the Insane at Frankford, numerous pub- lic buildings in Baltimore, Washington, Alexandria, and Fredericksburg in Virginia. These quarries he continued to work successfully until the year 1827, when he relinquished them to his three sons, Levi, Jeremiali and Slater Brown, who continued to work them until a recent period. He was several times chosen a member of the Legislature of his native State while its sessions were held in the borough of Lancaster, and during his term was instrumental in procuring the passage of several acts of vast bene- fit to his constituents. In the year 1810, he, with others, established the Farmers' Bank, at Lancaster, an institution which to the present time, has stood the test of all financial struggles with unblemished credit ; and at the time of his decease, in 1831, he was perhaps its largest stockholder, holding in his own name, one thou- sand shares of its stock. Although active and en- ergetic in business, he did not neglect his religious duties. During a long life when health permitted, he was diligent in his attendance upon all the meet- ings of the Society of Friends and for many years was an esteemed elder in the church. Near the close of- his life he built, at his own expense, the present commodious brick meeting-house at Penn Hill, which from all appearances may stand another cen- tviry a monument of his liberality and devotion to the principles and testimonies of the Society of which he was a lifelong and consistent member. He died July 7, 1831, aged nearly eighty-two years. His children, Sarah, Levi, Hannah, Deborah, Jeremiah, and Slater Brown, all married and set- tled near their native home ; many of their descend- ants to the third and fourth generation reside in the township and vicinity. Sarah married Timothy Haines. Hannah married Isaac Stubbs, mother of 70 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Dr. J. B. Stubbs, who will be represented on an- other page. Of the three sons, Levi was a retired man, a miller and farmer, much esteemed, who died in 1846, aged about seventy years. Slater, the youngest son, inherited the paternal mansion, farm, and mills, was successful in business, and took an active part in political affairs ; for some years he served as one of the prison inspectors of the county ; his death occurred on the Sth of June, 1855, aged sixty-eight years. Jeremiah Brown, son of Jeremiah, was born April 14, 1785 ; he married, "May 14, 1807, Ann, daughter of Roger and Rachel Kirk, of Nottingham'. Enjoying a robust constitution, in early life he was placed in his father's mill to learn the trade, in which capacity it was necessary mUch of the time for him to continue half of the night season; at other times he drove one of the teams, hauling wheat to and flour from the mills. He was a man of good natural abilities and sound judgment, and in early life was frequently chosen for responsible posi- tions in the neighorhood. In the year 1826 he was elected a member of the State Legislature on the Federal ticket, and served to the satisfaction of his constituents during that ses- sion, which will be remembered as the one in which the State inaugurated "her great system of internal improvements." The following year he was again nominated, but owing to the breaking up of the old- political parties in that year, many Federalists joined in the Jackson excitement and by a very few votes he was defeated by Hon. George B. Porter, a leading Democrat, afterwards Governor of Mich- igan. In the year 1836 he was placed at the head of the ticket and chosen a member of the conven- tion to revise the Constitution of the State. In the year 1840 he was nominated and elected a mem- ber of Congress for Lancaster county, in connection with Hon. Francis James, of Chester, and Hon. John Edwards, of Delaware county, those three counties forming the Congressional district. In 1842 he was again unanimously nominated, and with his colleagues re-elected to the xxviith Congress. Although not accustomed to public speaking, he was assiduous and diligent in his com- mittee rooms, where, after all, the effective work is accomplished. During his term of service the well- known "tarifiE of 1842" was enacted, in support of which he took a conspicuous part, and which, during its continuance, proved so beneficial to the extensive manufacturers of his district. Having completed his second term of Congress, he devoted himself to his private affairs until the year 1850, when he was nominated and elected as- sociate judge of the courts of Lancaster county for the term of five years, which position he filled to the entire satisfaction of his fellow-citizens. In the year 1855 he was solicited to be a candidate for re- election, but on account of enfeebled health and advancing years he declined the honor and retired to private life. His valuable life closed the 2d day of March, 1858, in the seventy-third year of his age. Judge Brown left seven children: Kirk and Edwin, now deceased ; Hannah, deceased wife of Samuel C. Wood, who resided on the mansion farm ; Rachel K., deceased, who removed with her chil- dren and their families to Kansas; Deborah H., (widow) residing with her son in the adjoining township of Little Britain; Alfred M. Brown, re- siding on his farm; and Levi Kirk, mentioned be- low. Levi Kirk Brown^ whose death occurred in Goshen, April 28, 1899, was one of the most widely known men in his own and in Chester counties. He was born June 27, 1814. At that time his father, Jeremiah, conducted a merchandise store at Goshen, but the latter's election to the legislature, placed the responsibility for the management of the store on Levi, who remained there until 1835. Three years later ne removed to Oxford and purchased a portion of the hotel property formerly owned by his uncle, Timothy Kirk. He conducted a general store business in the building now known as the "Octoraro Hotel" for five years. Mr. Brown after- wards sold the property to Rev. John* M. Dickey for the Oxford Female Seminary. While a resident of Oxford he was elected a member of the first council of this town, in May, 1838; he was re- elected the following year; in 1840 was elected burgess, and the next year he was re-elected to the council. From Oxford he went to West Chester and engaged in store keeping with his brother Lewis. During his residence there he purchased the "Ches- ter County Hotel," changed the name to "Brown's Mansion House," and conducted it as a temper- ance house about four years. Mr. Brown after- wards engaged in business in Philadelphia and Baltimore. In 1853, ^t the desire of his father, who was growing feeble, Mr. Brown returned to Goshen and managed affairs at the old homestead. After his retuirn to Goshen, Mr. Brown became one of the most prominent and useful citizens of the lower end of Lancaster county. He was a man of good judgment and many people sought his advice in legal, financial and other matters. He settled nearly a hundred estates and assisted in many ac- counts. He was a director of the National Bank of Oxford for about twenty-eight years, and a director of the Conowingo Bridge Company for about twenty-three years. For nine years he was supervisor of the new system in mending roads in Fulton township, for which purpose Mr. Brown, Henry Carter and Lewis Haines had a special law enacted. Mr. Brown was a member of the Society of Friends for many years and served as clerk and assistant clerk of the Baltimore Yearly Meeting for about twenty-eight years. For many years the de- ceased was interested in the welfare of the Indians, and at the time of his death he was secretary of BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 71 the Seven Yearly Meetings on Indian Affairs. Several times he visited in an official capacity the Indians in Nebraska and Dakota. In 1835 Levi Kirk Brown married Hannah C. Moore, who was born in Cecil county, Md., in 1816, and died July 29, 1893. Of their children the fol- lowing survive : WilHam H., of Philadelphia, chief engineer of the Pennsylvania Railway Company; Jacob K., of Goshen; Charles E., of Philadelphia; Theodore F., of Pittsburg, assistant auditor of the Union Freight Line at Pittsburg; Mrs. Mary L. Havaland and Annie S., both at home. Jacob K. Brown was born in Oxford, Chester county, Sept. 5, 1842. He grew to manhood on the home farm, which he now owns. His educa- tion was acquired in the well equipped public schools of Lancaster county. Early trained to agricultural pursuits, he has continued to follow farming as his life work, cultivating the home place, which con- sists of 13s acres of fine land, well improved with substantial buildings. The general appearance of the place proves its owner a first class thorough farmer. On Sept. 22, 1874, Jacob K. Brown married Sarah Lamborn, and three children have brightened their home: Mary Edna, and Chester L. are at home; Edith died in childhood. The Republican party has found in Mr. Brown a staunch adherent, and he takes a keen ' interest in all that pertains to the public welfare. SAMUEL KENEAGY, M. D. Samuel Ken- eagv was born June 20, 1820, and was the son of Henry Keneagy. He received an ordinary school education and finished at the Strasburg Academy, after which he began to read medicine in the ofHce of Dr. F. S. Burrowes, in Strasburg, in 1842. Sub- sequently he attended the sessions of the Jefferson Medical College at Philadelphia, from which he graduated in the spring of 1844, and then began the practice of medicine in Strasburg. He took a warm interest in politics and in 1858 he was elected a member of the Pennsylvania Legislature, to which he was also re-elected. During the Civil war he was surgeon in the 50th Pennsylvania Regiment, after which, in 1868, he accepted a professorship of Anatomy in the State Agricultural College, located in Center countv, Pa. The Doctor was one of the earlv members of the County Medical Society, and also of the State Medical Society. SMITH ARMOR, M. D. The medical history of Lancaster county includes the names of practi- tioners who for many years have been professionally associated with their respective localities. Among those at Columbia whose lives have been devoted most successfully to the healing art is Dr. Smith Armor. Almost a full half century measures the limits of his professional engagements and his career is most intimately related to the human wel- fare of Lancaster county. Dr. Armor is a native of Delaware. He was born near Wilmington, in .Feb., 1824, the son of James and Ann (Lyman) Armor, and the grand- son of William Armor, a native of Scotland, of Scotch-Irish extraction, whose latter days were passed in farming in the State of Delaware. James Armor was born in Delaware, in 1780. Reafed on a farm, he followed that vocation through life. During the war of 1812, he helped enlist a company of soldiers and was commissioned lieuten- ant, serving with that rank. He died in 1843, aged sixty-three years, his wife surviving until 1878, then passing away at the ripe old age of eighty-seven years. To James and Ann Armor were born these children: Ferris, who was a school teacher of Beaver Co., Pa. ; John ; James ; Thomas, of Em- poria, Kan. ; Eleanor, and Smith. All are now de- ceased except Smith. Smith Armor spent his boyhood days on the home farm but his mind was active and he aspired to a professional career. The Wilmington Acad- emy gave him a good education and largely by his own efforts he won his way through one of the early medical institutions, the Hahnemann School of Medicine of Philadelphia, graduating in 1851 at the age of twenty-seven years. Spending a year in travel, the young physician settled in 1852 at Marietta, Lancaster county, where he practiced suc- cessfully for four years. Then in 1856 he came to Columbia, where he has since followed the practice of his profession, rapidly winning the recognition which his professional attainments warranted and holding the confidence and esteem of his large clientage to the present day. Dr. Armor married at Columbia, Pa., in 1853, Sarah Martin, who was born in Muncy, Pa., in April, 1824, daughter of William A. Martin. To Dr. and Mrs. Armor were born two daughters: Chellie ■ A., who married Denison Reeside, a real estate agent, and is now a widow residing in Balti- more, Md. ; and Elizabeth H., who lives at the old home with her father. In politics Dr. Armor is a Republican, but prior to the administration of President Buchanan he was a Democrat. In religious afSliations he is a member of the Presbyterian Church. He has shared largely in the social and public life of Columbia, has at- tained a commensurate financial reward for his active and invaluable professional service, and holds a revered place in the affections of his fellow towns- JACQUES Le tort was a French-Canadian Indian trader, who first located on the Brandywine, but subsequently established a trading post in Conoy township. His wife took up 900 acres of land in Donegal township, near Sparks' Mill, which afterward came into the possession of the Zeigelers and Stehmans. He afterward moved to the spring bearing his name in Cumberland county, near Carlisle. In 1727 it was reported to the Pro- 72 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY vincial council that Le Tort and some others had built trading posts near the Conestogue and were seeking for minerals. Le Tort was accused of hav- ing done some misdemeanor and had been sum- moned in 1694 to appear before the council. He was arrested and his goods seized, but subsequently they were returned, he giving bail in £500 with securities thereon. HENRY E. MUHLENBERG, M. D., than whom no physician in the interior of the State of Pennsylvania is better known, was mayor of the city of Lancaster from the spring of 1899 ^"til April, 1902. The history of the Muhlenberg family is an ex- ceedingly interesting one. Frederick Augustus Muhlenberg, M. D., was the youngest child of Rev. Dr. G. Henry Ernest Muhlenberg, a celebrated botan- ist, called the Linnaeus of America, and was born March 14, 1795, in the city of Lancaster, where his father was pastor for thirty-five years of the Evangel- ical Church of the Holy Trinity. His preliminary education he received in the German and English private and parochial schools of his native city and under the tuition of his father, who was a university scholar and a gentleman of high culture, refined tastes and exalted character. After the completion of his preparatory studies Frederick A. Muhlenberg was placed as a student of medicine in the oiifice of the eminent Dr. Benjamin Rush, of Philadelphia. Rev. Dr. Muhlenberg was personally acquainted with Dr. Rush, had been associated with him in works of general benevolence and patriotism, and had a high appreciation of his ability as a physician and his ex- -cellence of character. The son entered his office probably in the year 1812, and continued with him as private pupil, also hearing his lectures in the Univer- sity of Pennsylvania, until the spring of 1814, on April 4th of which year he received the degree of M. D. from that justly celebrated institution, graduat- ing with high honors, diligently won. After his graduation from the University of Pennsylvania he returned to his native city, with the view of entering upon his profession, and, his father dying one year later, May 23, 181 5, he was thrown upon his own resources. On Feb. 6, 1816, Dr. Frederick A. Muhlenberg married Miss Eliza Schaum, a grand- daughter of Rev. John Helfrich Schaum, one of the early ministers of the Lutheran Church sent over from Halie ; he came to America in the year 1745- Dr. Muhlenberg devoted himself with all the energy of his nature to the noble profession he had chosen for his Hfework, and in the discharge of the duties connected therewith, in the department of general practice and surgery, which then were inti- rnately allied, he spent fiifty years of the best part of his life ministering to his fellow men, and alleviating the ills that "flesh is heir to." In this long period of practice he built up for himself a widespread repu- tation and a competent support. In 1821-23 the Doc- tor served as prothonotary, having been appointed by Gov. Heister, and his occupancy of this office brought him in contact with the best, of the leading legal and literary gentlemen of Lancaster — a cir- cumstance which improved his mind and widened his influence. He was afterward appointed register of wills by Gov. Shulze, and served two terms. As president of the Lancaster Bank, with James Evans, Esq., cashier, he aided in rescuing that institution from destruction, and in raising it to a high degree of usefulness and prosperity. With other gentlemen, he interested himself for the improvement of the Conestoga, by a series of locks, to bring it into con- nection with tide water, for commercial purposes ; and he used his influence and contributed of his means to make this enterprise a success. The money was lost, but the improvement remains. In early life Dr. Muhlenberg was also much interested in politics, being connected with the Democratic party, and along with Mr. Buchanan he aided in promoting the measures of that organization so long as they were in his judgment calculated to pi-omote the general good. He was also a member of the military com- pany which in 1812, with Mr. Buchanan as cap- tain, went to Baltimore to volunteer 'its services in defense of that city on the appearance of the British. Oh their arrival at Baltimore, however, the danger was past. Dr. Muhlenberg remained a steadfast friend of James Buchanan until, as President, he took sides with the South in the Kansas trouble, and failed to oppose with the necessary vigor the efforts of the Secessionists to dismember our country. Love of country then impelled the Doctor to forsake the friend of his youth and the party favoring such pernicious doctrines. In the great RebelHon his voice gave no uncertain sound. He could not prefer party to the welfare of his country. Descended from a grandfather — Rev. Henry Melchoir Muhlenberg — who was called an "arch rebel" by the British when they were encamped around his residence, in the neighborhood of Valley Forge, and occupying Phila- delphia : the nephew of Major Gen. Peter Muhlen- berg, who had served in the Revolution with dis- tinction, from its commencement to its brilliant close at Yorktown ; named after another uncle, Hon. Fred- erick Augustus Muhlenberg, who had been obliged to flee from New York on its occupancy by the British troops, and was afterward speaker of the 1st and Illd Congresses of the United States ; conscious also that his own father had several times been obliged to flee from Philadelphia in disguise in order to escape falling into the hands of the invaders of our country, and had lost in consequence nearly all of his property — by nature and by education all the pulsations of the Doctor's heart were for that glorious TJnion which had been secured at such sacrifices. Without hesitation he united with the war party to preserve the Constitution and the Government. His aid was solicited and given in the organization of the Union League, and he became its first president. Throughout the entire struggle he and all of his BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 73 name were found on the side of their country, and none rejoiced more than he did on the final triumph of the cause of the Union. Dr. Muhlenberg found time also, dsepite his close attention to his practice, to which he gave an abso- lutely unselfish devotion, to promote the cause of liberal education in the community. In connection ■with several other gentlemen of Lancaster, of differ- ent denominations, he brought about the establish- ment of a public school for the benefit of the poor of the city, and one of his nieces was principal, for a long period, of the female department of this school. Subsequently he helped materially in the progress and success of the Lancaster County Academy, of which he was one of the trustees. This institution was afterward merged into Franklin College, .incor- porated in the year 1787 by the Legislature of Penn- sylvania, for the benefit of the Germans and their •descendants, at about the same that the public-school system was introduced into Lancaster. The Doc- tor's father had been an early trustee and president of Franklin College, and the son, aided by other public- spirited gentlemen of Lancaster of the Lutheran and Reformed Churches, managed its finances with such care and ability that the institution was put upon a very substantial footing. It was owing largely to his efforts and influence that it was finally united with Marshall College, the removal of which from Gettysburg to Lancaster was successfully effected. The college has since been known as Franklin and Marshall College. Dr. Muhlenberg was a potent factor in the wel- fare of the Lutheran congregation of the Holy Trin- ity, in Lancaster, where for years he officiated as a member of the vestry, either as trustee or elder. It was in a great measure due to his advocacy that English preaching was introduced into that church. The Doctor was twice married, the first time to Miss Eliza Schaum, before mentioned, and the sec- ond time to Miss Ann Eliza Duchman. He had five children by the first marriage, and nine by the second. Dr. Plenry E. Muhlenberg, son of Dr. Frederick A., read medicine with his father and Dr. Benjamin Rtish, and took his degree at the University of- Penn- sylvania with the class of 1838. After graduation he became associated with his father, and soon won a large and lucrative clientele. In addition to his private practice, he was consulting and visiting phy- sician to the Lancaster County Hospital. He was an active member of the Board of Councils, and also a member of the County Medical Society. In 1869 lie was appointed, by President Grant, collector of Internal Revenue of the 9th District, which office he held until his death, in July, 1877. He married Miss Catharine Cameron, daughter of the late John Cam- eron, a distinguished Pennsylvanian. Of their fam- ily, three sons and two daughters are living. Major John Cameron Muhlenberg is paymaster in the United States army, stationed at Omaha, in the De- partment of Missouri ; Charles E. is connected with the Dayton Cash Register Co., of Dayton, Ohio; Annie A. is the wife of Major J. P. Cress, in the Ordnance Corps, United States Army, stationed at St. Louis ; and Miss Mary E. is living in Lancaster, Pa. Another son, William C, who was a first lieu- tenant in the 2d LTnited States Infantry, died at Boise City, Idaho. Henry E. Muhlenberg was born in the old family home in West Orange street, Lancaster, Jan. 18, 1850, son of Dr. Henry E. and Catharine (Cameron) Muhlenberg. After receiving a partial education in the public schools of Lancaster and in Yeates Insti- tute he was appointed, by Congressman Thaddeus Stevens, to a cadetship at the Naval Academy at Annapolis, and remained there three and one-half years, at the end of which time he resigned and re- turned home to read medicine with his father. In 187 1 he was graduated from the University of Penn- sylvania, and then went to Texas as a member of an engineering corps, helping to make the preliminary survey of the Texas & Pacific Railroad. Returning to lancaster. Dr. Muhlenberg remained at home a little over a year, and then entered the United States Marine Hospital service, in which he continued about four and one-half years, doing duty in New York, Boston and Philadelphia. Returning to Lancaster in July, 1877, at the death of his distinguished father, he took up the work of that very successful physician and surgeon, and the mantle of the dead father fell on worthy shoulders. After practicing for a time in the office wEich had been so long occupied by his father, in West Orange street. Dr. Muhlenberg, in i88t, removed to South Prince street, next door to the "Stevens House," and there he has ever since been located, enjoying one of the most extensive practices ever accorded to a physician in Lancaster. A stanch, energetic Republican, Dr. Muhlenberg served as phy- sician to the county alms-house and hospital for two terms, 1872-73 ; and during President Cleveland's first administration he was held over as a member of the Board of Examining Pension Surgeons of Lan- caster, of which body he was treasurer, having been first appointed a member of the Board by President Grant. He also served one year as a member of the common branch of the city council from the Fourth ward, and in February, 1899, was elected mayor of Lancaster by the largest majority ever given a Re- publican for mayor in Lancaster, his majority having been 1,011. He at once began the work of conduct- ing the administration on independent principles, and, as a result, there were notable depart'ires from previous administrations of the highest office in the gift of the people of this city. He retired from this incumbency in April, 1902. Dr. Muhlenberg was married, in 1879, to Miss Emma J. Fell, daughter of the late John P. Fell, a contractor of Wilkesbarre, Pa. They have no chil- dren, and make their home at the "Stevens House," next door to the Doctor's commodious offices. These offices are particularly interesting because of Dr. Muhlenberg's rare and valuable collection of old 74 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY china and antique furniture — a collection that has no counterpart m this section of the country. The an- tique chairs in his front (or receiving) office are the same that stood in the office of the Doctor's grand- father ; while in the private office, in the rear, is a table that was made in 1772, and which has no nails in it, the parts being put together with wooden pegs. In the same room stands a quaint little table that came from the celebrated monastery at Ephrata. The Doc- tor is a Lutheran in religion, and is a member of the Masonic Fraternity, affiliating with the Blue Lodge, Chapter and Commandery, holding membership in the latter body in Philadelphia. He is also a member of the Elks, the Eagles, the Young Republicans and the Hamilton Club. Progressive and aggressive in all things, Dr. Muhlenberg was the first physician in Lancaster to administer antitoxin in the treatment of diphtheria. In social, professional and political affairs he is thoroughly independent, having opinions of his own and being possessed of the courage of his convictions. LEWIS J. KIRK, a member of the Board of Commissioners of Lancaster county, is one of the most intelligent and conscientious officers who have ever held this prominent position. The Kirk family belongs to the best blood of Lancaster county, one not dependent upon a royal ancestor, but honored through a long line of hon- est, industrious and intelligent men and women. Grandfather Roger Kirk was born in 1752, owned large estates and became an affluent mill owner and operator in Chester county, where his life was passed and where his memory is honored. Jacob Kirk, the son of Roger and father of Lewis J. Kirk, was born in 1775 and died Aug. 25, 1841. The well- known settlement of Kirk's Mills, with attendant in- dustries, was founded by Jacob Kirk, between 1812 and 1816, and as early as 1814 the place had become important enough to have a postoffice established. Jacob Kirk was twice married, his first wife being Sarah England, his second, Hannah H., a sis- ter to the first wife. The children of the first mar- riage of Jacob Kirk were: John, born in 1804; Mary, born in 1805 ; Roger, born in 1807 ; and Han- nah, born in 1809. The children of his second marriage were: Sarah, born in 1817, married to Lewis Haines ; Rachel E., born in 1820, wife of Timothy Haines ; Elizabeth, born in 1822, unmar- I'ied ; Levi, born in 1825, unmarried ; Mary, born in 1827, who married William P. Haines, a nephew of Lewis and Timothy Haines ; and Lewis J., born in 1829, all of the family except the youngest having passed off the stage of life. Lewis J. Kirk was born at Kirk's Mills in 1829, and was educated in the public schools and in the academy at Kennett Square, Chester county. His first business enterprise was in the line of mer- chandising and milling and he still retains possession of a mill property. In 1857 he took an extended trip in Europe, a visit which was a source of great pleasure and profit to a man of his intelligence. Mr. Kirk has not only been regarded as a repre- sentative citizen of his locality, but of the whole county, through which he is well known as a most honorable, upright and law upholding citizen. Although a stanch Republican, R^r. Kirk has accepted few political honors. As township auditor he met every public demand, and on Sept. 20, 1901, •he was appointed by Judge Livingston to fill a vacancy in the board of county commissioners. This unsolicited appointment met with the heartiest pub- lic approval, and to the satisfaction of his fellow- citizens Mr. Kirk accepted the honor, was sworn into office on September 23d, just three days after his appointment, and has given to the office the same in- telligent and careful attention that he has invariably bestowed upon his private affairs, keeping up the re- cord made by his exemplary father in the House of Representatives of the State. The Kirk family has been long a leading one in the Society of Friends and Lewis J. was reared in this simple faith. His marriage was on May 12, 1864, to Miss Adaline Caldwell, a daughter of the Hon. James A. Caldwell, a member of the Pennsylvania Senate, and Adaline (Maxwell) Cald- well, who was a granddaughter of Gen. Steele. The following children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Kirk r Robert C, born July 10, 1866; Mary Adaline, born May 10, 1870; and Natalie, born July 4, 1872, who passed out of life Aug. 18, 1875. A dignified, intelligent gentleman, Lewis J. Kirk is deservedly a strong man, personally, politi- cally, and religiously one who enjoys the confidence of all with whom he comes in contact. JOHN B. KIEFFER, Ph. D., of Franklin and Marshall College, enjoys the distinction of having been largely instrumental in enlisting the interest of the eminent philanthropist. Gen. De Peyster, to the extent of securing from him the magnificent library building which now adorns the campus of Franklin and Marshall College. Rev. Ephraim Kieffer, Dr. Kiefifer's father, was the son of Joseph Kieffer, who was the son of Ab- raham Kieffer, who was the son of Dewald Kieffer, who was the son of Abraham Kieffer, who was the son of Dewald Kieffer, of Kettenheim, Germany. The progenitor of this branch of the family — the Doctor's great-great-great-grandfather — came to the shores of America, in the ship, "Two Brothers," in 1848. He settled in Berks county. Pa., and his grandson, Dr. Kieffer's great-grandfather, Abraham Kieffer, after serving two or three terms of enlist- ment in the Revolutionary Army, located in Franklin county, Pa., where he acquired considerable prop- erty, and left behind him seven sons and seven daughters, the ancestors of a large portion of the prolific race of Kieffers. It is said, however, that the Kieffers were or- iginally French, and not German, and that during the Huguenot troubles in France a Michel Tonelliers BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 75 was driven from that country, and settled in Ger- many. The better to conceal his identity he trans- formed his name into Kieffer, and, marrying a German woman, became the ancestor of all the Kieffers in America. The name has various spell- ings, such as Kieffer, Kiefer, Keefer, Kifer, Kuever, and possibly Cuvier. Rev. Ephraim Kieffer married Eleanor Spang- ler, only daughter of Martin and Lydia (Gardner) Spangler, of York, Pa. She died in Mifflinburg, Pa., in 1847 leaving six children. Of these one died in infancy, and the rest are as follows: Hannah M. Cornelius; John B. ; Rev. J. Spangler, D. D., for more than thirty years the pastor of the Reformed Church at Hagerstown, Md. ; Mrs. Lydia J. Furst, of Cedar Springs, Pa. ; and Rev. Henry M., D. D., the pastor of the historic Reformed Church at Easton, Pa., and author of the "Recol- lections of a Drummer Boy." Dr. John B. Kieffer was born in Bellefonte, Pa., Oct. 20, 1839. His preparation etc., -for college was made in the old academy at Mifflinburg, and mainly under the instruction of Aaron C. Fisher. ' He en- tered the Sophomore class in Heidelberg College, Ohio, in the fall of 1857, where he came under the influence of Prof. E. E. Higbee, and was graduated with the first honors of his class in i860. In the fall of the following year, Prof. Higbee having resigned his professorship, the trustees of the in- stitution persuaded young Kieffer to abandon his resolution of enlisting in the Union army, and to assume the charge of the department of ancient languages, of which he became professor the follow- ing year. This position he held four years, and then at the earnest request of his father, who wished him nearer home, and of Dr. Higbee and Dr. Harbaugh, professors of Church History and of Dogmatics in the Theological Seminary at Mercerburg, Pa., he returned to his native State, and took charge of the department of Ancient Languages in Mercersburg College. There he was associated for years with Dr. Thomas G. Apple, who later became the presi- dent of Franklin and Marshall College, and after thirteen years of faithful labor at Mercersburg, was elected to the chair of Ancient Languages in Frank- lin and Marshall College. This was in 1878, and since that time he has been actively associated with the work of that institution. From 1878 to 1886 he was professor of Latin and Greek, and since 1886 has been professor of Greek. In 1888 he took charge of the Library of the College in addition to his other duties. He is a member of the American Philological Association, and of the British Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies. For fifteen years he has been treasurer of the Association of the Colleges and Preparatory Schools of the Middle States, and of Maryland. In 1884 he received the degree of Ph. D. from his Alma Mater, Heidelberg College, and on the same day the same degree from Franklin and Marshall College. Dr. Kieffer was married in 1878 to Miss L. M. B. Troupe, then of Mercersburg, and formerly of Clear Spring, Md., and a daughter of Joseph and Sarah (Cushwa) Troupe. To this union was born one child, Josephine B., member of the class o£ 1902, of Bryn Mawr College, Pennsylvania. DARE. The Dare family of Colerain township, Lancaster Co., comes of an ancestry dating far back. As early as 1686 William Dare was an innkeeper in Philadelphia, where his house was known as the "Blue Anchor." The family of Alki- mah Dare, who married Ann Dickey, was as fol- lows: (i) Reuben, born 1804; died 1812. (2) Charles, born 1785; died in infancy. (3) George T., born at the Lazaretto, near Philadelphia Nov. 30, 1806, married Ann Dickey, and died Nov. 13, 1890, at San Diego, Cal. ; he studied medicine and followed his profession in Colerain for many years. (4) John Kelsey, born Oct., 1809, died 1859. (.S) Ann, born March, 1812, married Mahlon Pusey, and died April, 1867. (6) Edward P., born May, 1815, died December, 1893. (7) Mary C, born April, 1818, married William Whitesides, of Cole- rain, and died September, 1876. (8) James M., born November, 1820, died April, 1864. (9) Fran- ces M., born April, 1824, is still living. (10) E. O., born May 3, 1827, is living in Harrisburg. Mr. Dare is noted for his phenomenal memory, being able to recall dates and incidents of long ago with wonderful exactness. ELISHA W. BAITY, M. D. Among the promi- nent citizens of Christiana, Lancaster county, is Dr. EHsha W. Baily, who for many years has been iden- tified with the interests of this part of the great State of Pennsylvania, and is well and favorably known. His present residence is in Sadsbury township, but two miles from the thriving borough of Christiana. He was born in Londonderry township, Chester covmty, Oct. 17, 1821, a son of -Israel and Hannah (Baily) Baily, the former of whom was a farmer and also an auctioneer in Chester county, where both passed out of life, the father in 1823, and the mother in 1868, at the age of sixty-eight years, having been a ■ consistent member of the Hicksite branch of the So- ciety of Friends. The mother was twice married, the children of the first union being Byard, who died at the age of nineteen; Susan, who married Kersey Speakman, and died in 1850; and Elisha W. The second marriage of the mother was to Joshua Speak- man, and the children born of this marriage were: Col. Franklin B., who during the Civil war was the distinguished commander of the 133d P. V. I., and died Sept. 9, 1901, the proprietor of the "Coatesville Hotel ;" and D. Hannah, who is the widow of Harry Jones, of Coatesville. The Baily family in America originated from three English brothers of the name, who in early days settled in New York, Pennsylvania and Vir- ginia, descendants of these brothers having made the name known all over the Union. The grandfather 76 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY •of Dr. Baily lived in early life in Chester county, where he became a farmer and where his last days were spent. Both grandfathers bore the name of Baily. Like very many other men who have attained prominence later in life, Dr. Baily was reared on a farm, and was under the guidance of a good and pious mother until the age of sixteen years, receiving his preparatory education in the common schools of his locality. Then he became a student in the Union- ville Academy, where Bayard Taylor was one of his schoolmates, and later he studied mathematics under Dr. Baily, of 'Andrews Bridge, Lancaster county, and then engaged in school teaching. For two years he' followed this profession, in the meantime reading medicine under the. wise tuition of this same Dr. Baily, and in the course of time became a private student with the distinguished Dr. Pancost, in Jeffer- son Medical College, in Philadelphia. In 1844 he graduated from this great institution and located for his first practice in Atglen, Pa. In 1856 he re- moved to Bloomfield, Perry county, where he was successfully practicing in 1861, when the outbreak of the Civil war changed the future of so many lives. At this date. Dr. Baily took medical charge of Camp Curtin for three months, then with the 47th P. Y. I., under Gen. Brannon, took part in the army movements until 1863, when he was made a member of Gen. Woodbury's staff. He had general charge of the Island of Key West, and was health officer while on Gen. Woodbury's staff. In the spring of 1864 Dr. Baily was placed in charge of a hospital boat on the Mississippi river where he continued un- til July, alleviating the miseries he could not cure, of the brave men placed in his care. From here he was sent through the Shenandoah Valley, with Gen. Sheridan, taking an active part in the battles of Win- chester and Cedar Creek, remaining until the close •of the war, being finally mustered out at Harrisburg, No greater heroes lived through those years than the armv physician and surgeon, and the history is yet to be written which will do them justice. The won- ders they accomplished and the miraculous cures that followed their necessarily hurried surgerv marked a degree of skill which is not surpassed, al- though modern discoveries have given the medical and surgical staff of the present day so many ad- vantages. Dr. Baily resumed his practice among the good people of Atglen, and in 1873 was honored by his fellow-citizens with election to the Legislature, where he spent four years, representing his constituency with great credit. Again he resumed practice, but failing health warned him that a change was nec- essary, and the next ten years were spent in Phila- ■delphia, coming to his farm on May 31, 1892, trust- ing that the pure air and country exercises would restore him to former robustness. In this hope he has been joined by a wide circle of attached friends. Dr. Baily was married on Nov. 10, 1852, in the city of New York, to Mar}- A. Cook, who was born at Point Pleasant, Ocean county, N. J., a daughter of Thomas and Ann (Williams) Cook, farming peo- ple of New Jersey, where their lives were passed. On Jan. 8, 1903, Mrs. Baily passed her seventy-third birthday. On Nov. 10, 1902, the good Doctor and his wife celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of their marriage, and received the hearty congratulations and good wishes of a host of prominent people. Dr. and Mrs. Baily had one daughter born to them, Ella, who married George Martin, and died at the age of thirty-two years ; she left behind two children, Nor- man and Zelda, who have been adopted by Dr. Baily and bear his name. Norman is attending the West- chester State Normal School, and Zelda the Chris- tiana high school. In his political affiliations. Dr. Baily has always been a stanch supporter of the Republican party, and he is in full accord with the administration, although he is no officeholder. For many years he has been connected with the Masonic fraternity, and was master of the Adams Lodge, in Perry county, and has ever taken an active interest in its affairs. Al- though not a member of any especial religious or- ganization. Dr. Baily takes an interest in all benevo- lent and charitable work, freely contributing to the support of many enterprises. Although not in active practice he has kept pace with the strides made in his science, leaving, however, to younger aspirants the tests of medical skill in which he once excelled. In his neighborhood he is well known, his pleasant per- sonality making him a delightful host. Few men are more universally esteemed. CHARLES ALLEN FONDERSMITH, banker, was born in Lancaster, Pa., July 24, 1846, son of Henry Clay and Anna Maria (Burg) FonDersmith. At the age of nine years he removed with his parents to the borough of Columbia, and there during the following six years attended the parish schools, and also acquired a commercial education in the dry- goods establishment of his father. At the early age of eighteen years Mr. FonDer- smith responded with alacrity and enthusiasm to the call of his country for defenders. He became cor- poral at the time of his enlistment, and returned a sergeant, in Co. E, 195th P. V. I. At the close of his term of enlistment he returned home, where he was promptly offered a position in the Columbia National Bank, as messenger boy and man of all work that might offer. At the expiration of two years in that employment his attention to his duties and his efficiency as an all-around assistant resulted in his election as a regular clerk, and a little later in his promotion to the more responsible position of re- ceiving teller. In those days the, visitation of the pay car on rail- road lines had not yet materialized. The Pennsyl- vania Railway Company was accustomed to have the banks along the line which were its depositories pay the employes nearest at hand, and it often fell to the lot of young FonDersmith. to pay the monthly wages BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY n to the construction gangs at work on the main line between Columbia and Philadelphia ; in this work he left Columbia as early as s o'clock in the morning, returnmg late in the day. The men who were em- ?x7'^^'^-n^* *^ excavations at Powelton avenue, in West Philadelphia, were among the number. The payments were generally $50,000 every month. What a contrast with the business of that road to- day ! In February, 1869, Mr. FonDersmith was ottered and accepted a situation in the Farmers Na-' tional Bank, at Lancaster, combining the duties of discount clerk Math that of receiving teller. He re- mained in that responsible dual position until March, 1882. In the latter year the Fulton National Bank of Lancaster was chartered, and he was at once elected cashier of the new organization, which re- ceived under his careful direction the powerful impetus which carried it forward with such marked success. But once more his old love, the Farmers National Bank, needed a competent and able man at its head as cashier, and the directors at once extended him a call to assume that position, and in December, 1886, he returned to this, the oldest and largest banking institution in the county, where he remains to this day. A little incident connected with his return to the Farmers Bank shows in such an emphatic manner the confidence and esteem in which he is held by the directors of that institution that reference to it here seems eminently appropriate. A few weeks after re-entering upon his duties he went before the board and reminded them that his bond had not yet been presented and filed. The board, in answer, replied that no outside bond would be required ; that it, as a body, would go his bond ; they did so, and thus the incident was closed. It would be difficult to present a stronger example of confidence and regard between employers and employe than the one just cited. It will be seen from the brief outline here given of Mr. FonDersmith's career that he has had a thor- ough training as a financier. He has filled every position in an ordinary bank, from general utility boy to the responsible one of cashier, and there is no position in a bank which he cannot fill, and fill well, in an emergency. No banker in the county of Lan- caster is so well' known as he. For more than thirty years he has been in close contact with the most influential men of finance and trade, and few have exercised a greater influence on both. His general personality and affability have won him a wide circle of friends" a'nd universal public esteem. Although Mr. FonDersmith has been a lifelong Republican in his political affiliations, he has never been induced by the pride of place or the emoluments of office to enter upon a political career, being another consoicuous example of that class of men who, while discharging all the duties of good citizen- ship, nevertheless refuse to be drawn into the mire of politics. By education and by preference he has always been in hearty communion with the Lutheran Church, and she in return has bestowed her lay hon- ors upon him. He is a member of the vestry of Trinity congregation and an elder. He is also a member of the board of trustees of Muhlenburg Col- lege, one of the educational institutions of the Lu- theran Church. Among other positions of honor and trust, he is a member of the board of home mis- sions attached to the Lutheran Ministerium of Penn- sylvania ; one of the board of trustees of the Ann C. Witmer Home, one of the charitable institutions of Lancaster, to which he has stood in close relation since its organization ; and is a member of the board of directors of the Y. M. C. A., and chairman of the educational course. He was one of the organiz- ers of the Plamilton Watch Company, and is largely interested in the same. From 1883 until 1899 he was one of the owners and operators of the large paper-mill on the Conestoga river, at Eden, an establishment noted for the excellence of its product. He has for years been a director of the Marietta Turnpike Company. He is at the present time presi- dent of the Lancaster Board of Trade, and was largely instrumental in the founding of that organi- zation. In Masonic circles Mr. FonDersmith has been prominent for years, being a member of nearly all the affiliated organizations, and having held the highest official rank in them all. Mr. FonDersmith has always been recognized in the community as one of its most public-spirited citi- zens. Foremost in every good and laudable work, both his time and money have ever been forthcom- ing when circumstances called for them. Few men in the commAinity have so freely placed their per- sonal services at the command of the public, and none have been more faithful in the discharge of the duties and responsibilities placed upon them. It may be mentioned in this connection, as an in- stance of Mr. FonDersmith's progressive character, that when the scheme for the introduction of electric light into Lancaster was f.rst broached, in 1886, he was the first man approached to lend his endorse- ment to the project by a subscription to the stock of the company then formed, and he subsequently be- came one of the largest stockholders, until its con- solidation with the Lancaster Arc Light Company, in 1888, and ultimately with the Edison Illuminating Company, in 1889. With no local enterprise, perhaps, has Mr. Fon- Dersmith been more closely identified than with that noble charity, the Lancaster General Hospital. He was one of its founders, in 1893, and has been most intimately connected with it ever since ; he has been its treasurer since its organization, and is also a director and member of the executive committee. Its establishment upon a permanent basis was, as is well known, a difficult and thankless work, and was achieved through the tireless and persistent efforts of Mr. FonDersmith and the few good men and true co-operating with him. Nothing that he has done, perhaps, in his long and busy career can 78 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY afiEord him more pride and pleasure than his suc- cessful labors in this good cause. In 1877 Mr. FonDersmith was united in mar- riage with Miss Annie Downing Truscott. No chil- dren have been born of this union. CALEB EUGENE MONTGOMERY, a prom- inent member of the Lancaster Bar, is distinguished by reason of an old and honored ancestry, paternal and . maternal, as well as by his own professional work, which has made him one of the leaders of the Bar. He was born in Millersville, April 21, 1862, and is of English descent. He was graduated from the Millersville State Normal School in 1881, and after an academic cotirse at Yale, where he was a member of the class of 1885, he tatight school in Shortlidge's Academy, Media, for one year, and then registered as a law student with the late Hon. Mar- riott Brosius. He was admitted to practice law on March 8, 1889, and two years later was admitted to the Supreme Court, in which, as well as in the Su- perior Court, he has had an extended practice. For ■one year after being admitted he was associated with James C. Packer, Esq., son of the late Congressman Packer of Sunbury, Northumberland Co., Pa. James C. Packer was the Solicitor of the Philadel- phia and Erie and Northern Central Railways, and Mr. Montgomery became the acting solicitor of these great corporations for the year of 1892, as well as assisting Mr. Packer in the settlement of the vast estates left by his father. Returning to Lancaster in 1893, Mr. Montgomery looked after legal busi- ness of his preceptor, Mr. Brosius, who had been elected to Congress, and this brought him into con- tact with an extensive clientage. A stanch Republican, as well as personally popu- lar, Mr. Montgomery was strongly urged for the position of coimty sohcitor, in 1891, and he has, for years past, been a member of the Young Republicans' Club. He has taken an active part for the Repub- lican party in every campaign since 1887, and is a pleasant and forceful speaker. Indeed he began making speeches for the Republican party when a law student, and owing to the unwillingness of those who are at the head of the party's affairs, to permit him to give it up, he has continued to perform this arduous part of campaign work. Mr. Montgomery was the son of Prof. John V. Montgomery, who married Sarah T. Wickersham. His mother came of Quaker ancestry — ^being a daughter of Caleb and Abigail Wickersham, and a sister of the late Hon. James P. Wickersham, for many years State Superintendent of Public Instruc- tion, and later Minister to Denmark. His father held the chair of penmanship and drawing in the State Normal School, at Millersville, from its found- ing to his death in 1885, with marked ability, having we believe, no superior in his specialty in the United States. The Pennsylvania State School Journal, the most prominent authority in matters educational in this State, declared that the lamented Montgomery was one of the forerhost educators of his time — a pioneer and ardent advocate of industrial education. Lafayette College, in recognition of his great work, had conferred upon him the honorary degree of Master of Arts. Hugh and Mary Montgomery, the grandparents, lived in Mechanicsburg, this county. On Jan. 21, 1891, Caleb Eugene Montgomery was married to Miss Mary Reynolds, daughter of the late Hon. S. H. Reynolds, the most distinguished , lawyer at the Lancaster Bar during the past century, and whose descendants wear the crest that came from the ancient and honored Scotch ancestry of the Rey- nolds family. Mr. and Mrs. Montgomery have be- come the parents of three children : Mary Reynolds, who passed away at the tender age of one year; Frederick Reynolds, who was twelve years old Feb. 27, 1903 ; and Caleb Eugene Montgomery, Jr., who was eight years old Feb. 25, 1903. Mr. Montgomery is president of the Lancaster Country Club, of which he was a founder, a club that numbers in its membership the very cream of Lan- caster's social life, and which has built an elegant clubhouse and established golf links and other ath- letic sports at Rossmere, the superb new annex to Lancaster. He has also been a member of the Uni- versity Club of Philadelphia, belongs to the Yale Alumni Association of Philadelphia, and to the D. K. E. Fraternity of Yale. Religiously he is an Epis- copalian. The Montgomery home at No. 802 North Duke street is a center of attraction for the most cul- tured social life of the' community. MARTIN CHARTIERE. One of the foremost and inost noted Indian traders of Lancaster county was Martin Chartiere. He was a French Canadian, and married an Indian squaw. He established his permanent home with the Shawnese Indians when they came from the south and settled on Pequea creek. He spoke the Delaware language fluently, and had much influence with the savages. The agents of the Penns gave to Chartiere a vast tract of land extending from the mouth of the Conestoga creek several miles up the Susquehanna river. He built his trading post on this tract, which is now owned by the Shomans near Washington borough. He died in 1708, and left all his land and property to his son Pierre, who sold his farm in Manor to Stephen At- kinson in r72'/, and moved to the Yellow Breeches creek, and from there went to Ohio. He gave the English and proprietors of Pennsylvania much trouble during his lifetime. ANDREW ORTLIP BAKER. On Jan. 5, 1899, there passed away at his home in Columbia one of its best known and most highly respected citizens, one who for many years had served as mas- ter mechanic in the railroad shops at that place. Mr. Baker was born in Doe Run, Chester Co., Pa., June IT, 1822, a son of Isaiah and Abigail (Ortlip) Baker, who spent their entire lives as farming people in that countv. Andrew O. was the fourth in order of birth BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 79 in their family of six children, the others being Ra- chel, wife of James Cottier, of Coatesville, Pa.; Alice, deceased wife of George Booth; Anna, wife of Isaac Faddis, of Ercildoim, Pa.; Phineas and Frank, both deceased. Andrew O. Baker was reared by an uncle and spent his early life on a farm in his native county, where he remained until seventeen years of age and then entered the employ of the old State road. When the Pennsylvania Railroad Company purchased the same, he remained with them for a few years and then went to Pittsburg, where in 1847 he became connected with the Pittsburg & Fort Wayne railroad, was made fireman in Jan., 1851, was promoted to engineer in 1855, ^^id. was made master mechanic in the shops at Columbia in Sept., 1868, which position he most creditably and acceptably filled until the date of his death. Mr. Baker was three times married, his first wife being Rachel Hill, by whom he had two children : William., deceased, who married Lilly Hinton ; and Mary, who died in childhood. His second wife was Eliza Dougherty, and to them were also born two children : Anna Jane, deceased wife of Edward Mc- Dowell, of Philadelphia ; and Eliza J., a school teach- f.r of Columbia. On Oct. 14., 1858, in Lancaster Mr. Baker wedded Mary B. Wright, and they had eight children, of whom are named : Susan, wife of George Supplee, a machinist of Columbia ; Nathaniel L., who married Amelia Fry and is a draftsman with the Pennsylvania Railroad Company at Altoona, Pa. ; Emily W., wife of Charles G. Burton, who is con- nected with a music store in Philadelphia; Abigail O., wife of Neil Walker, a machinist of Columbia; Andrew, who died in infancy ; Mary, who died in childhood ; and Alice, wife of J. Edgar Zollinger, of New Haven, Conn., master mechanic of New Haven Iron & Steel Co. Mrs. Baker was born in Columbia, Pa., March 4, 1829, a daughter of Charles M. and Susan (Stump) Wright, life-long residents of that place. The father, who was a large land owner, never en- gaged in any active labor. Religiously he was a rnember of the Society of Friends. He died in 1861, aged sixty-seven years, his wife, in 1847, aged fortv-eight, and both were laid to rest in the old Mt. Bethel cemetery. Their children were: Sarah, deceased wife of' Charles Franciscus; Mary B., now Mrs. Baker; Catherine, deceased wife of Wesley Breece ; Emily, who died unmarried ; Eliza- beth, deceased wife of Beverly Mayer ; and Rhoda, James and Charles, who all died unmarried. Mrs. Baker's paternal grandparents were James and Elizabeth (Barber) Wright, of Columbia. The grandfather also was a wealthy property owner and never engaged in any business. The maternal grand- parents were Frederick and Barbara Stump, who were born in Germany and died in Columbia. During all his railroad career, Mr. Baker never met with an accident, and was regarded as one of the most efficient and trusted employes of the road. Fra- ternally he was an honored member of Columbia Lodge, No. 286, F. & A. M. : Corinthian Chapter, No. 224, R. A. M. ; and Cyrene Commandery, No. 34, K. T. By birthright he was a Quaker, but in later years attended the Presbyterian Church. By an honorable, upright life, he won an untarnished name, and the record which he left behind him is one well worthy of perpetuation. HON. GEORGE FORREST. This worthy and representative citizen of Lancaster is a gentleman who has been much in the public eye, and whose high character for ability and integrity has won to him a large circle of friends throughout his section of the State. He has been for long years connected with the business interests of the city as a tobacco inspector for some of the large dealers of New York. He has served his county in the Legislature, and his fine executive ability has been utilized frequently by his fellow citizens in different municipal offices of trust. The family of which Mr. Forrest is a member, is a very old one in Lancaster county; it is of Eng- lish descent, and the members of the family were in America at the time of the Revolutionary war and took part in that sanguinary struggle. The grandfather of George Forrest was Joseph, a white- smith, and later the pioneer harness smith of the county. He married Elizabeth Bruner, who was a daughter of Casper and Rebecca Bruner, natives of Germany, and also very early . settlers in the county, where Casper Bruner was for long years a manufacturer of jack screws. Joseph Forrest was a youth at the time of the war of 1812 and took part in that struggle as a drummer boy. He died in 1854 at the age of fifty-seven years, and his wife died in 1830, at the comparatively early age of thirty-two. These early members of the family were highly respected citizens of the county and were members of the Lutheran and the Reformed Churches, respectively. They now lie buried in Lancaster cemetery. Their children were : Jacob ; Joseph; Mary, who married William Payne; Cas- per; Henry; Peter; John; and Susan, who mar- ried Augustus Holbaugh, of Bellfonte, Pa. Of this family Casper Forrest was the father of George. Casper Forrest, the father, was born in Lancaster, May 9, 1820, and on March 4, 1840, was married in the same place to Ann M. Milicheock. To the mar- riage were born: Elizabeth, deceased in 1887, was the wife of Henry Gentz, a large brick manufacturer ; Henry, deceased in March, 1882, married Elizabeth Helm; Samuel was accidentally killed on the rail- road in the year 1887; Sarah, deceased in 1900, was the wife of William Bransby, of Philadelphia; George is mentioned below ; Mary married Byron Cummings, a machinist of Lancaster; Susan died at the age of six years; William is in the tobacco business at Lancaster. The mother of this family was born near Baltimore, Md., and died in Lancaster July 22, 1887, at the age of sixty-six years, and is 80 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY buried in Woodward Hill cemetery. She was the daughter of George and Rebecca (Roth) Milicheock, and was a lady of fine strength of character. Casper Forrest, the father of the family, was at a tender age bound out to serve an apprenticeship in the making of powder horns and as a machinist, in which trade he served for a period of ten years. He then worked at the business as a journeyman for a period, but gave up the trade and entered the flour and feed business. After a period at this, he in 1870 engaged in the manufacture of brick, which he continued for some three years. Owing to. an overconfidence in mankind, he was led into the signing of bad paper by designing parties, the result of which was to bring great financial re- verses on him. He is a man of fine grain of char- acter. He affiliates in a fraternal way with the In- dependent Order of Odd Fellows, and is a member of the Lutheran Church. Politically he supports the policies of a Democratic party. Hon. George Forrest was born in the town of Lancaster, Pa., on Manor street, in what was then known as Betheltown, Jan. 2, 1852. He attended the public schools, and after finishing the high school course took up the printing trade with a pub- lishing company, at the head of which was Stuart A. Wylie. He served an apprenticeship with them for four years, and one year longer as a journey- man. He then went to New Haven, Conn., where he ■ was in the office of the vice-president of the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad Com- pany, engaged in the office work of civil engineer- ing for the period of a year. This employment, however, was not to his taste, and he went to Phil- adelphia, where he followed his trade for the next three years. He then came back to Lancaster and engaged with the firms of H. C. Linde and Hamilton & Co., leaf tobacco inspectors of New York, who had a tobacco warehouse in Lancaster, in which his brother Henry held the position of inspector. He served under his brother until he became an expert himself, and at his brother's death, in March, 1882, he succeeded to the position, which he has since con- tinued to fill. Mr. Forrest is looked upon as one of the best judges of leaf tobacco in this part of the State, his services being highly valuable to the company by whom he is employed. During his career in Lancaster, since his return from Philadelphia, Mr. Forrest has been quite prom- inent in the political life of the county and city. His Democracy has always been of the Jacksonian variety, and he has at all times been ready to engage in the work of organization of the different cam- paigns which have been waged in the county. He thus won recognition at the hands of the leaders, and his genial personahty had made him so popular with the people that in 1892 he was nominated to a place on the ticket as a representative to the Lower House. He received a handsome vote, and served with distinction during the following session. In the year 1890 he was elected to a position on the city school board, and in 1899 became secretary o£ that board, an office in which he has since served to the satisfaction of that body. In matters of fra- ternal interest, Mr. Forrest affiliates with the In- dependent Order of Odd Fellows, and has filled all the chairs. He has been trustee of Herschel Lodge for the past ten years. He is a member of Ridge- ley encampment. He is also a member of the- Artisans; of the Jr. O. U. A. M.; the B. P. O. E., in which he has filled all the chairs, also serving as trustee for three years, chairman of the Social Room four years, and was one of the committee of the Advocate of New Quarters. On Nov. 10, 1881, Hon. George Forrest mar- ried in Lancaster Clemmie C. Pool, who became the mother of: G. Edward and Harry Mortimer. Mrs. Forrest is a native of Lancaster, a daughter of Samuel J. and Mary C. (Stormfeltz) Pool. Her father was the pioneer silver plater of Lancaster. He died July 7, 1900, at the age of sixty-six years,- her mother dying in 1898 at the age of sixty-One years, and they both lie buried in Lancaster cem- etery. They were devout and highly respected members of St. John's Lutheran Church. Their children were Mary E., who married William Wiley, of Lancaster, Pa. ; Edward C, of the Lancaster cemetery; Katie, deceased in girlhood, and Clemmie- C, Mrs. Forrest. Courteous, genial and well informed, Hon., George Forrest is a highly respected citizen of his. native city, and has been prominently and honorably- associated with its history. S. CLAY MILLER, the extensive wine and liquor dealer of Center Square, Lancaster, is a de- scendant of German ancestry, and his parents were well known residents of Lancaster county. His mother's maiden name was Fanny Snyder. Mr. and Mrs. Miller had eight children: Mary, Jacob P., Fanny, Henry, S. Clay, Lizzie, Washington and Samuel. The father lived to be eighty-two, and the mother was seventy-two at the time of her death. S. Clay Miller was born in Manheim, Lancaster county, April 25, 1844, and when eleven years old left home to work on his uncle's farm, in Pequea township, the first three years receiving his board and clothing, and during the next two four dollars a month besides. When he was sixteen he was put in charge of a country tavern near Elizabethtown, where he remained for a year. He enlisted Oct. 3, 1861, in the Union army, where his experiences were varied and interesting. For some months his command was engaged in building long fortifications at Port Royal, S. C, and was landed at Tybee Island April 9, 1S62. After a two days' engagement Fort Pulaski was captured, on the 20th of the following- May. St. John's and James Island were also cap- tured by this command. Mr. Miller was pushed overboard and nearly drowned in the St. John river, and was severely wounded by a spent ball which struck him on the left thigh in the battle of Poca- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS ■ OF LANCASTER COUNTY 81 taligo, S. C, disabling him for some time. After the battle this ball was found in his pocket. On July i8, 1863, at the second assault on Fort Wagner, Gen. G. S. Strong, with Mr. Miller at his side carrying the colors, leaped upon the works, and both were swept back by a storm of shell and musketry fire from Fort Wagner, Fort Sumter, Fort Moultrie and surrounding batteries. Gen. Strong was fatally wounded, and recommended the gallant young sol- dier for promotion with almost his last words. Mr. Miller, if not the youngest, was the smallest soldier to carry the ilag. He was given a medal from Gen. GiUmore, dated Aug. 23, 1863, with the inscription, "S. C. Miller, Company H, 76th Pa. Vet. Vol. For gallant and meritorious conduct. Q. A. Gillmore, Major General." On the reverse is a representation of Fort Sumter, surrounded with water. The 76th Pennsylvania arrived at Bermuda Hundred, on the James River, May i, 1864, and in June Sergt. Miller was the first to plant the flag on the enemy's works in the destruction of the Richmond and Petersburg railroad. Young Miller was wounded in front of Petersburg ten days later, and on the 22d of July was promoted to color-bearer sergeant. At Drury's Bluff, when the Union men were driven back, Sergt. Miller was one of the last to leave the line, and saved his colors under very creditable circumstances. This was the famous engagement when Gen. Butler was caught in the fog. A retreat being ordered, Sergt. Miller reported a squad of Union soldiers captured by the Rebels, and rallied men enough to charge back and save the eight men from Rebel prisons. At the mine explosion, on July 30th, Miller, the boy soldier, was knocked and tramped on by a stampede of the colored troops, but managed to save his colors under heavy fire. On Aug. 14, at Deep Bottom, he was wounded by a shell, and sent to the hospital at Fortress Monroe for two months, but rejoined his regiment in front of Petersburg as soon as he was able to do so, and an hour and a half after his arrival in the trenches was struck on the neck by a flying bit of a shell, which hardly more than broke the skin however. This young officer carried the colors in nearly all the engagements in which his regiment participated, e?ccept those that occurred while he was lying in the hospital. Some of his escapes were in- deed miraculous. Four times he was hit by bullets, and he was swept off the parapet by the bursting of a shell and knocked back into the trench with the flag in his hand. The 76th Pennsylvania suffered severely during the war, losing over six hundred out of its original complement, in killed, wounded and missing. Major Reinoehl said that on the night he formed his command for the charge on Fort Wagner four hundred were in the lines, and only two hundred came back. Sergt. Miller has a letter of commendation from Gen. Littel, Major Wdham Diller and Major A. C. Reinoehl, former officers of the regiment. Upon the death of Major A. C. Reinoehl, post- master at Lancaster, Mr. Miller was appointed his 6 successor, the honor coming as a tribute to his record as a soldier and his worth as a citizen. The appoint- ment came through Congressman Brosius, who had been waited upon by a committee of prominent Lan- casterians, urging the claims of Mr. Miller over and above those of a goodly number of very excel- lent men who were candidates for the position. Mr. Brosius (himself a soldier) recognized the merits of this citizen-soldier, and gave him the office, ta which he was inducted March i, 1901. Mr. Miller was married in March, 1869, to Miss Louise, a daughter of William Rudduck, of Phila- delphia, formerly of London, England, and to this union were born five children: Leon R., who is an engraver; Herbert C, a note clerk in the Lan- caster Trust Co. ; Mabel L. ; Effie I. ; and Louise B. All except Leon are at home. The family are in the membership of St. James Episcopal Church. Mr. Miller is a prominent Mason, and has taken the Thirty-second degree in the fraternity, passing of course through all the intervening organizations- He is also a member of the Royal' Arcanum, the Hamilton Club, the Young Republican Club, the Elks, Admiral Reynolds Post, No. 405, G. A. R., and the Union Veteran Legion. Mr. Miller has been chief marshal of many Republican parades, and handled them well in the Garfield, Harrison and Mc- Kinley campaigns. Fie planned the great battle be- tween the two local posts of the G. A. R., which was fought in Conestoga Park about five years ago, he commanding the Confederate forces. The event ex- cited widespread interest, and brought at leats 25,000 visitors to Lancaster. Perhaps no man in the State has a finer record as a soldier than S. Clay Miller. LINDLEY MURRAY, the English grammar- ian, was born in 1745 near the Swatara, in what was then Lancaster county, but is now embraced within the territory of Dauphin. His "Grammar of the English Language," which was issued in 1795, was for many years the standard authority on that subject. After accumulating considerable money in mercantile pursuits, on account of his health becoming impaired he went to England, where he died in 1826, on his estate at the old gate, near York. GEORGE WASHINGTON HULL, wholesale and retail druggist of Lancaster, and the most prom- inent and largest dealer in that line in the county, is descended from an old family, originally from Switzerland, which settled near New Holland, Lan- caster Co., Pa., early in 1700. Mr. Hull was born in New Holland on Washington's birthday, 1838. He was the son of Wendell and Margaret (Darrow) Hull, of New Holland. Wendell Hull was a shoemaker, who later con- ducted the Bird-in-Hand "Railroad House" and finally the "Eagle Hotel," in New Holland, until his death in 1882 at the age of seventy-three. His wife survived him until 1892 at the age of seventy- 82 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY two. They are buried in the New Holland cemetery. Mrs. Hull was a member of the German Reformed Church. Her husband was a liberal supporter of the church but not a member. The issue of their marriage was : Levi, a retired citizen of New Hol- land ; Madison, Henry and William, who all three died young; Anna, Mrs. John Piersol, of Indian- apolis, Ind., deceased; George W., the subject here- of; Emma, now the wife of Tobias Bartlett, of Reading, Pa., ex-tax collector and a man of wealth and prominence; Susan and Julia, both living with their brother, George, and William H., who died in 1892. Mr. Hull lived with his parents and attended school until his fifteenth year when he went to Reading, Pa., and was for two years a clerk in the Court House. After this he served with Charles A. Heinitsh for three and one-half years as a clerk in the drug business. Thereafter he was manager of the drug store of Benjamin Kauffman for a year and a half, and after that again for another year and a half for John Markley, who had bought out Kauffman and was no druggist himself. He then took his final service with Dr. Thomas Ellmaker in whose drug business he remained until May 12, 1872, when he purchased it. It was then only a single storeroom and cellar but did not remain so long under the proprietorship of Mr. Hull. He soon purchased his present stand, then a small af- fair, and rebuilt it to accommodate his fast enlarg- ing business. He expanded into a wholesaler as well as a retailer and now occupies five floors with the most modern, best equipped, largest and best managed drug business in Lancaster county, em- ploying ten men. Mr. Hull is prominent socially as well as in busi- ness, though he takes but little interest in politics and would never accept the trials of public office. He is a member of no church but a liberal supporter of all. He belongs to the Masonic Blue Lodge, and is a man of charitable disposition and habits. He has acquired wealth, is self-made, clever, well-known and well thought of by all who know him. REV. WILLIAM RUPP, A. M., D. D., Profes- sor of Theology in the Eastern Seminary of the Reformed Church of the United States, lives in a charming home, at No. 602 West James street, Lancaster, just opposite the Seminary in which he occupies so important a position. The ancestors of Rev. William Rupp were among the early settlers of this state, his great-great-grand- father, George Rupp, having come to America, from Alsatia, in 1750, locating in Lehigh county, where Chapman station now is, and where he took up a large section of land, on a grant received from the Penns. Quite a romance is connected with George Rupp's coming to America. In his native land he had met Miss Ursula Von Peterholtz, whose family belonged to the nobility, and objected to the wooing of young Rupp, in spite of the fact he was a most superior young man. Though so many years ago, human nature was just the same, and "love found a way," the young couple eloping to America, where they founded a family which has become honored in every locality where it is found. Some of the descendants of this fair maid and gallant lover still live on a portion of the original grant of land. Solomon Rupp, the father of Dr. Rupp, was a farmer of Weisenburg, Lehigh county. He married Maria Fry, a daughter of Peter Fry, also a farmer of Lehigh county, and to this union were born these children : Rev. Dr. William ; John, a lawyer ; Ben- jamin, deceased, who had just entered upon the practice of law; Solomon, a farmer and justice of the peace, living on the old homestead; Henry F., a farmer and teacher, living near Seipstown, in Lehigh county; Alvin, the superintendent of the public schools of Allentown; and Louisa Ellen, the wife of Benjamin Frees, a farmer of Weisen- burg. Rev. William Rupp was born in Lehigh county, April 17, 1839, and after attending the public schools of the district, took a course in the Allen- town Seminary, which is now known as Muhlen- berg College, and after leaving there, engaged in teaching for some time. In 1857, he entered Frank- lin and Marshall College, from which he graduated in 1862, at the head of his class, and was awarded the highest class honor, the Marshall oration. Still in pursuit of higher learning. Dr. Rupp entered the Reformed Seminary at Mercersburg, from which he was graduated in 1864, in February, 1865, being ordained at Pine Grove, in Schuylkill county. Immediately Dr. Rupp took upon himself the duties for which he had been preparing, and for one and three-fourths years he served two Reformed congregations, one at St. Clair and the other at Port Carbon, and then resigned, to accept a call at Berlin, Somerset county, where this indefatigable worker served four congregations for a period of ten years and nine months. Leaving Berlin in 1877, Dr. Rupp went to Manchester, Md., and there served four congregations, remaining with this charge for eleven and one-half years, and then accepted a call to Meyersdale, Somerset county, where he became the beloved pastor of one congregation, taking charge in December, 1888, and remaining in that field for the succeeding five years. In 1892, Dr. Rupp was elected professor of Practical Theology in the Eastern Seminary of the Reformed Church of the United States, his election having taken place at the meeting of the Pittsburg Synod at Irwin, and he was inaugurated the fol- lowing year at the meeting of the Synod at Green- ville, Mercer county, and he took up his residence in Lancaster in December, 1893. Dr. Rupp was married in October, 1865, to Miss Emma A. Hambright, a daughter of the late Adam F. Hambright, who was for so many years a trust- ed and honored official of the Pennsylvania railroad. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 83 of Lancaster. This union has been blessed with eleven children, nine of whom are living : William N., a clothier on West Orange street, Lancaster; Henry Harbaugh, who graduated from the Re- formed Theological Seminary in the class of 1901 ; Frederick Augustine, who graduated from the University of Pennsylvania, in 1900, and at once became resident physican in the M. E. hospital in Philadelphia; Charles E., of the class of 1902, m Franklin and Marshall College; T. F., of the class of 1903, same college; Paul B., of the class of 1904, same college; Mary Louise, at home; Viola G. is the wife of Rev. D. E. Master, of Apollo, Armstrong county; and Emma A. is the wife of Rev. J. L. Barnhart, Saegerstown, Pa. One child died in infancy, and Lillie G., at a later age. Dr. Rupp was honored with the degree of A. M. within three years after his graduation, and with that of D. D. in 1883. These degrees were conferred by his Alma Mater, the old Franklin and Marshall College. Dr. Rupp has been a thought- ful contributor to many publications, almost con^ tinuously to the Reformed Church Messenger, and since 1868, has been one of the favorite writers for the well-known and highly valued Mercersburg Review, and he has held the position of editor of this journal since 1897, and in addition has been the author of many valuable papers in the Ameri- can Journal of Theology, and a number of learned pamphlets have come from his pen. A profound theologian and scholarly in other lines. Dr. Rupp has, by his teaching and his writing, exerted a wide influence for good, deservedly winning his high position in the Reformed Church, as well as com- manding the respect of religious teachers and the world-at-large. B. F. SIDES, M. D., was born Sept. 26, 1822, in Bart township, this county, a son of John and Sarah (Barr) Sides, of Lancaster county. John Sides was a son of Peter Sides, of German ancestry, who was one of the oldest settlers of this county. The chil- dren born to John Sides were : Abraham, who for thirty years was an efficient engineer on the Pennsyl- vania Railroad; Barbara, who married Dr. Samuel A. Johnson ; Elizabeth,' who married P. W. House- keeper, of Drumore township ; Peter H., colonel of a regiment during the Civil war, who married and lived in Philadelphia; and our subject. Dr. B. F. Sides. Reared in the home of his Grandmother Barr, B. F. Sides received careful early training and was kept at study in the private schools of Lancaster county, and was later placed at the New London, Mt. Jov, and Strasburg schools. Deciding upon a medical career, he then entered upon the study of the science under the careful instruction of Drs. Alex- ander and Patrick Cassidy, who were the leading physicians of the county, at that period. For three years he benefited by their instruction, entering then the Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, from which institution have graduated many of the dis- tinguished practitioners of the country. In the spring of 1846, Dr. Sides was graduated, and with zeal en- tered upon the practice of his noble calling, in the county of his birth, settling among the good people of Drumore township, where for over fifty-five years he has been and is still in active practice. On March 2, 1854, Dr. Sides was married to Miss Elenora E. King, a daughter of John and Isabella McSparran King, of Drumore township. To Dr. and Mrs. Sides three children were born, these being : Janet, who died in infancy; Sallie B., who passed away in young womanhood; and Isabella S., born Dec. IT, 1854, who married the late Sanders Mc- Sparran, and resides in Philadelphia (she has two daughters, Sallie B. and Amelia). Mrs. Sides was born March 28, 1830, her origin being Scotch-Irish, and her family one of the leading ones of Lancaster county. The family is not a num- erous one, her only sister being Mrs. Janet S. Mc- Cullough, widow of Sanders McCullough, of Ox- ford, Chester Co., Pennsylvania. Dr. Sides joined Washington Lodge, F. & A. M. No. 156, at Chestnut Level, which later was moved to Drumore Center, and still later to Quarryville, where it is now located. His political convictions have made him a stanch Democrat, but his life has been too filled with work in his profession to permit him to accept any political office, no matter how flattering the offer. Dr. Sides is a truly representa- tive man, one of the class whose lives reflect honor on good old Lancaster county. REV. JAMES LATTA was pastor of the Chest- nut Level Presbyterian Church, and also principal for some years of an academy held there. His pas- torate began in 1771, and covered a period of thirty years. When he was called to the charge his salary was fixed at £100 Pennsylvania currency, and this was never increased and sometimes was not paid in full. He manifested a deep interest in the cause of American Independence. On one occasion he ac- companied the soldiers on their campaign, and also acted as chaplain for some time. In 1785 he vigor- ously defended the church incorporation acts, and this action on his part incensed a number of the mem- bers of his congregation against him. He advocated the introduction of Watt's Psalmody in church ser- vice, but they were not adopted into general use, un- til years after his death. He received the degree of Doctor of Divinity from the University of Pennsyl- vania. His death occurred in January, 1801. Fran- cis Latta, his son, was pastor of the same church from 1810 to 1825. WILHELM HEINRICH STEIGEL. In 1760 the eccentric German Baron Steigel began his strange career. He had for many years been man- ager of the Elizabeth Iron Works for Benezet & Co., of Philadelphia. After purchasing 200 acres from the Messrs. Stedman of Philadelphia, said acres be- 84 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ing located in Lancaster county, he built a grand mansion, and afterwards laid out a town which he named after his native city in Germany — Manheim. This town was laid out in 1762, and in 1763 it had three houses. Among the first settlers of the town were the Naumans, Kaisers, Longs, Heintzelmans, Minnichs and Wherlys. Baron Steigel also erected a glass works, and becoming bankrupt he was im- prisoned in 1774 for debt, whereupon the Assembly passed a special act for his relief. During the Revo- lution he was a Tory. Baron Steigel landed at Philadelphia Aug. 31^ 1750, having emigrated to this country on the ship "Nancy." He married Elizabeth Huber, a daugh- ter of Jacob Huber, an iron-master, and in 17.57 he purchased his father-in-law's iron furnace in Eliza- beth township, tearing down the old structure and erecting a new one, which he named "Elizabeth Fur- nace." His wife died in 1758, and he then married Elizabeth Holtz, of Philadelphia. In 1762 Baron Steigel formed a partnership with Charles and Alex- ander Stedman, of Philadelphia, and about the same time Manheim was founded. The success of Eliza- beth Furnace was phenomenal. The glass works he erected in 1765 ; and the building is said to have been so large that a four horse team could easily turn around in it. S])ecimens of the stoves and also of glassware made by Steigel's workmen are still in existence. In August, 1769, the Stedmans sold their interest to Isaac Cox and he in turn sold to Baron Steigel, who thus became the sole proprietor. About 1770 Baron Steigel and his family removed from Eliza- beth Furnace, and took up their residence in Man- heim. In 1769 he built a tower near Schaefferstown in Lebanon county, which spot to-day is called "Tower Hill." He lived extravagantly and made a great display of wealth not warranted by his income. A number of people preyed upon his generosity, and these causes finally landed him in a debtor's cell. In December, 1774, he was liberated from prison, penni- less. Some of those who had been his workmen, employed him to teach their children. In 1783 he died and was buried at "Charming Forge," presum- ably in the neighborhood of where Brickerville now stands. REV. JOHN M. WOLGEMUTH, a minister of the Brethren in Christ Church in West Donegal township, was born in Mt. Joy township, Aug. 31, 1828, and is a son of Christ and Anna (Metzler) AVolgemuth, born in Mt. Joy and in Rapho town- ships, respectively. Both are long since dead. The father who was a farmer, lived retired the last thirty years of his life In his active days he was a man of considerable importance locally, and served as super- visor for some years. He died in March, 1887, at the age of eighty-nine years ; and his widow in Nov. 1894, at the age of ninety years. Both were mem- bers of the Brethren in Christ Church, and were buried in the cemeterv connected with the Cross Roads Church in East Donegal township. To them were born the following children: Elizabeth, who is the widow of John Hoffman, and has her home in Elizabethtown ; Jane, who is the widow of Henry Nissley, and has her home in Manheim ; Rev. John M., the venerated minister; Christian, who died young ; David, a retired farmer in Mt. Joy township ; Abraham, who died at the age of eighteen years; and Anna, who died young. The paternal grandparents of Rev. John M. Wol- gemuth were Christian and Jane (Eshleman) Wol- gemuth, residents of Mt. Joy township, who came from Switzerland in their early days. John M. Wolgemuth, whose name introduces this article, remained with his parents, helping them in the care of the family homestead, until he reached the age of twenty-one years. Then he rented his fa- ther's farm for two years, and a second farm for five j'ears, then purchasing the farm on which he is now living. In 1878 he gave up active farming, putting the place into the care of his son, Eli. In 1871 he was ordained a minister of the Brethren in Christ, and has made an excellent record as a clergyman of that faith. When a young man he served a number of years on the election board, and has been one of the leading men of his day. Rev. John M. Wolgemuth and Elizabeth Hern- ley were married in West Donegal township Nov. 9, 1848, and they had one child, Elizabeth, who died in 1888; she was the wife of Jacob B. Nissley, now a farmer in Cumberland county, and left four children. In 185 1 Mr. Wolgemuth married for his second wife, Hettie Hernley, a sister of his first wife, and to them came three children: Susan married Martin Wol- gemuth, now a retired farmer at Rheems, Pa., and has a family of five children. Eli H. is a farmer of West Donegal township, whose sketch appears on another page. Anna married Reuben Nissley, a farmer of Rapho township, and has four children. Mrs. Flettie Wolgemuth was born in Lancaster county in 1824, and is a daughter of John and Susan (Keenzy) Hernley, both natives of Lancaster county. JOHN A. CHARLES (deceased) was for many years one of the leading and representative business men of Lancaster, whose career as a merchant was a most successful one, while his reputation as a citi- zen was above reproach. The birth of John A. Charles took place Sept. 3, 1827, in Strasburg, Lan- caster Co., Pa., and his death occurred in his home in Lancaster, March 24, 1902 ; he was interred in Woodward Hill cemetery. His parents were An- drew and Margaret Charles, natives of Lancaster county, the former of whom was. engaged in the fur- niture and undertaking business, in Strasburg, where he was a prominent citizen and one of the burgesses for a number of years. When sixteen years old, John A. Charles left home to accept a clerical position in a general store owned by a Mr. Carson, going from there into the dry-goods business under a Mr. David Bair, a prominent merchant, where he thoroughly BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 85 learned all its details and in 1861 felt competent to embark m the business for himself, becoming a part- ner with Mr. Bair. In 1876 he sold his interest and became a member of the old established firm of Marks & Roth,, the firm name then becoming Marks, Roth & Charles, At the death of Mr. Marks, Mr. Charles bought his interest and the business was con- ducted successfully until his retirement from activity in 1898. His whole business career was marked with •evidences of esteem from the public, his personal in- tegrity and honest methods contributing to this end. Mr. Charles was one of the founders of Grace Luth- eran Church in this city, was a member of the church council from the beginning, and also served as trus- tee and elder. For twenty years he was treasurer of the charity fund and was generous in his private benefactions. Both church and community were bet- ter because of his life. His political identification was with the Republican party, although he was never an aspirant for political honors, preferring to give his time and labor to the advancement of his business and the furthering of the good work of his church. The marriage of Mr. Charles took place on Jan. 5, 1865, in Leacock township, Lancaster county, to Miss Annie L. Bard, who was born in the old family homestead in Leacock township, a granddaughter of John and Catherine Bard, of Lancaster county, and the only child of Daniel and Anna (Johns) Bard. The former was born on the same farm in Leacock township, was prominent in his neighborhood and served many years as a school director. His death took place July i,' 1882, at the age of sixty-seven years. The mother of Mrs. Charles was born in Earl township, and after her husband's death, resided with her daughter until she too passed away, Dec. 19, 1893, at the age of seventy years. The parents lie buried in the Lutheran Church cemetery, at Mechan- icsburg, of which church the grandfather was one of the founders, and of which the family have been members for three generations. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Charles, namely : Daniel B., who is married and is engaged in the lumber busi- ness in Michigan ; John A., Jr., who died unmarried March i, 1898 ; and Anna Bard, who resides at home. JOHN D.- BRUBAKER comes of a long line of clerical ancestors, his great-grandfather,^ grandfather and father having been ministers and bishops in the Mennonite Church. His father, Jacob K. Brubaker, was born in Lancaster county in 18 14 and was a farmer in early life. After his marriage he removed to Dauphin county, where he owned and cultivated a farm until 1850. He then returned to Lancaster county and settled upon a farm in Manor township which he had purchased the previous year. It was situated between three and four miles vvest of the city of Lancaster and contained eighty-eight acres. Ori this he made many valuable improvements, and in 1853 he added to his holdings by buying an ad- joining farm which contained 104 acres. He contin- ued to reside upon this property until his death, which occurred in 1879, but in 1858, placing his farm under the management of his son, John D. he abandoned farm work to devote the remainder of his life to the service of the church which he loved so well, and of which he was so conspicuous an ornament. In that year he was ordained to the Mennonite ministry, and a few years before his death was made a bishop. He preached in the churches of Millersville and Rohers- town with great force and acceptability. ' He was a man of kindly disposition and loving heart, gifted with a bright clear mind, and his wise counsel was constantly sought by- all whose privilege it was to know him. His widow, whose maiden name was Katherine Denlinger, yet survives him, at the age of four score years. They were the parents of three children, of whom John D. was the eldest. The others were Fannie, who married David Charles, of Hemp- field, and Jacob, who died in childhood. John D. Brubaker was born in Swatara town- ship, Dauphin county, on Feb. 8, 1837. In 1858 as has been said, he assumed the management of the paternal acres and even as a young man of twenty- one years he displayed that admirable judgment and tireless industry which have insured his success in life. For forty years he was one of Lancaster coun- ty's most successful farmers — active, industrious, wide-awake and progressive, always keeping abreast of the front rank in the march of advancement. From year to year he added to the estate which he inherited from his father, although much of his real property he has divided among his sons, giving to each a small farm. In 1898, having accumulated a handsome competence, and having passed the sixtieth milestone on life's highway, he determined to retire, to enjoy the ease which he had richly earned. His present home is situated three miles west of the city of Lan- caster, and is one of the most attractive and pleasant in the township, it being Mr. Brubaker's chief care to beautify it more and more from year to year. On March 16, 1858, he was married to Maria, a daughter of Isaac and Mary (Shirk) Landis, who was born in Manheim, May 8, 1839. Their children are five in number. Levi L., the eldest, was born Nov. 14, 1859. He married Anna Newcomer, and is a farmer of Pequea township. Isaac L. was born March 14, 1862, is a Hempfield farmer and the hus- band of Susan Gambier. Mary was born Dec. 4, 1863, and lives at home, unmarried. Jacob L. is a Manor township farmer. He was born April 6, 1870, and married Susan Charles. John L. was born July 13, 1873. He, too, has followed farming as a vocation, and married Ida Brubaker. John D. Brubaker united with the Mennon- ite Church in 1862 and since that time has been one of the most active members and liberal supporters. CASPER SHAFFNER, a son of John Casper Shafifner, was born in February, 1737, in Lancaster, and died in 1826. He was a member of the "Com- mittees of Correspondance" and of "Inspection and 86 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Observation," of Lancaster county, during the Revo- lutionary war period. He also served as a lieutenant in the Revolutionary service. He had one son, Casper, vi^ho married a daughter of Charles Hall, of Lancaster, a noted silversmith of the early part of the last century. WINTERS. For three-quarters of a century the name Winters in the eastern part of Lancaster county has been associated with success and popu- larity in the practice of medicine. Dr. Isaac Winters, grandfather of John L.; began practice in 1820, and the family has never lacked a worthy representa- tive in the profession from that time. They come of English stock, the first of the name in America emi- grating from England prior to the Revolution, in which struggle he served as a soldier under Wash- ington. He died at his home, near Lebanan, Pa., within a month after returning from the war, leav- ing a wife and son, John. This John Winters was born Nov. 21, 1776. After reaching manhood he settled in Lancaster county, rriaking his home in the village of New Holland, where for many years he was engaged as a blacksmith. On Jan. 16, 1796, he married Catharine Diefenderffer, who died July 12, 1843, and his death occuri-ed July 13, 1859. They had seven children: John, Isaac, Maria, Ludwig, Levi, Margaretha and Cyrus. Isaac Winters, son of John, was born in New Holland, July 13, 1800. His youthful educational advantages were limited to the facilities of the dis- trict school in the home neighborhood, and even those he was not permitted to enjoy to the full, for he was one of a large family, and as the father's means were not abundant the sons were expected to become self-supporting at an early age. But the hard work, to which he had become accustomed from childhood, did not warp his inclination toward a higher calling, and by the time he was fifteen he had decided upon adopting the medical profession. For one year thereafter he worked as a clerk in Lebanon, and the next four years he devoted to preparation for his life work, first studying under Dr. John Leaman, of New Holland, and later at the University of Pennsylvania, from which he was graduated in 1820. Dr. Winters located for prac- tice in the village of Hinkletown, which was the scene of his active professional life of fifty-three years, for he continued his labors almost to the day of his death, July 27, 1873. The success which attended his later life was in sharp constrast to his early struggles, and was solely the result of his own efforts. But in overcoming the numerous obstacles in his path he showed that the lessons of self-reliance and perseverance taught by the hard- ships of his youth were not wasted — perhaps in after years they enhanced the prosperity which fell to his lot. So poor was he' at the beginning of his profes- sional career that he had to borrow the money to buy a horse (indispensable in a country practice) and a new suit of clothes, and when the horse was stolen, before the end of the week, the young doctor had considerable trouble borrowing a hundred dol- lars to replace him. He found a friend in Henry Roland, who let him have the money without se- curity, and it was repaid in a year. Before the ex- piration of that time he had so won the confidence of his patrons that he was well advanced on the road to success, and his future was assured. Time justi- fied the good opinion formed of him at the outset of his professional life, and he was . regarded- as an immensely useful and valued member of the com- munity to the end of 'his days. The tributes of affection and esteem paid him at the time of his de- cease were many and laudatory, and he is still held in loving memory by many of the old residents of his section. His standing among his brother prac- titioners was of the highest, and in diagnosis es- pecially he was regarded as one of the most skillful physicians of his time. The Doctor's practice, though large,- did not en- gage all his attention, for he was a man of many interests, and won his honored position among his fellowmen by efficient service in other fields as well. The affairs of the day possessed deep attractions for him, and he kept himself well informed upon all subjects concerning current history. As a stanch Democrat the progress of political events also came under his consideration. He twice accepted nom- ination for representative to Congress, simply to demonstrate his loyalty to the party, as defeat in each case was a foregone conclusion. He was a man of fine presence, and in the days of militia training held a commission as a brigadier general. As a swordsman he was reputed to have few equals in the State. Dr. Winters's personality attracted' many to him, and his high character more than sustained the favorable impression made on first acquaintance. Dr. Winters married Elizabeth Nagle, whose father, Richard Nagle, a resident of Lancaster county, was born in Ireland Feb. 23, 1765. Six children were born to this union : John Leaman, now deceased, who was a practicing physician at Hinkletown for some years ; Richard N., who re- sides at his father's old home at Hinkletown ; Isaac D., who is mentioned below ; Mary C, Mrs. Isaac S. Long, of New York ; George W. ; and Barton N., of Ephrata, this cotmty. Isaac D. Winters, M. D., was born Nov. 23, 1828, in Hinkletown, and after receiving his funda- mental education in the public schools commenced preparation for the medical profession under the able tuition of his father. He graduated from Jefferson Medical College, and soon after located at Goodville, where he continued in practice throughout his entire active life. The mantle of professional success fell on his shoulders, and he occupied a high position in the profession. He was a member of the Lancaster County Medical Society, of which he served as vice-president in 1849-50. Like his father. Dr. \^'inters was a broad man, and became prosper- ous in lines outside of his profession. He was a BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 87 stockholder and director in the New Holland Na- tional Bank, of which institution he was one of the organizers, and he also assisted in organizing the Earl Mutual Fire Insurance Company, and was one of its directors. He owned two farms, comprising 220 acres. On Jan. lo, 1854, Dr. Winters married Susan Martm, who was born in Goodville in 1833, daugh- ter of John and Ehzabeth (Bowman) Martin. They had two sons, Barton M. and John Leaman, both of whom adopted their father's calling, and are located at Goodville. They are mentioned below. Dr. Isaac D. Winters passed away Nov. 7, 1889. He was a member of the Center Lutheran Church, and no man in the community enjoyed more fully the unfeigned respect of his fellow men in every walk of Hfe. Barto^t M. W1NTER.S, M. D., of Goodville, was born on the old homestead in that place Dec. 11, 1854, and acquired his preparatory education in the public schools, and at the Millersville State Normal. He took up the study of medicine with his father and Dr. Keeler, at Goodville, entered Jefferson Medical College, and graduated with the class of 1877, since which time he has been located in practice at Good- ville. He was associated with his father until the latter's retirement, in 1880, when he succeeded to his father's partnership v/ith Dr. Keeler. The relations continued until Dr. Keeler's death, in 1896, since which time he and his brother John L. have been as- sociated as general practitioners. With the excep- tion of such time as he finds necessary to devote to his duties as director of the New Holland National Bank and the Earl Mutual Fire Insurance Company, Dr. Winters gives his attention to the demands of his professional work, which, indeed, is so extensive as to leave him little time for other matters. If heredity counts for anything, the position to which he and his brother have attained is not to be won- dered at. But their training for this useful calling was carefully and thoroughly conducted, and they have given evidence of their ability to sustain the reputation of the family for eminence in this, es- pecial field. On Jan. 29, 1882, Dr. Winters married Salinda Sensinig, who was born in Goodville, daughter of Christian and Catherine Sensinig. They have one child. Sue L. Mrs. Winters is a member of the Lutheran Church. The Doctor is a stanch Demo- crat politically. John L. Winters, M. D., was born at Goodville Dec. 29, 1868, and in his boyhood attended the local public schools. Later he studied at the Millersville State Normal School, and he commenced reading medicine with his brother, Barton M. In 1888 he entered Tefiferson Medical College, from which he was graduated April 2, 1890, preparing for general practice. After graduation he located at Goodville, where he has since been engaged in practice, and by his dihgence and merit has established a fine practice. He is a thorough student, and keeps in touch with the advanced ideas of his profession, es- pecially in surgery, in which particular Hne he bids fair to become a master. His office is equipped with a complete assortment of surgical instruments and appliances. He is particularly successful as an oper- ator in gynecological cases. Dr. Winters is a mem- ber of the Lancaster County Medical Society. On July 2, 1900, Dr. Winters married Miss Mary Yoder, daughter of L. B. and Josephine (John- ston) Yoder, of Churchtown, this county. JACOB BETZ (deceased). One of the most prominent business men and citizens of Lancaster, was Jacob Betz, whose death occurred in this city, at the old water works. May 14, 1900, and who is buried in Woodward Hill cemetery. The birth of Mr. Betz occurred Dec. 4, 1822, in Rheinbaiern, Germany, and he was the son of Jacob and Mag- delina (Huhn) Betz, natives of Dresden, Germany. The father died in his native land; but the mother came to America in the neighborhood of 1846. In 1842, Mr. Betz emigrated to America, and until his death resided in the vicinity of the city of Lancaster, first settling in Manheim township, but later removing to Lancaster, where he became very prominent in business circles. In his early life he engaged in farming, but soon became interested in quarrying stone and sand, and by his industry, thrift and keen business sense, built up an excellent trade. During his business career, he operated sand and stone quarries on Rockland street, near Ann, in Lancaster township, not far from his residence, and one in East Lampeter township. For years, he supplied the car shops at Altoona with all the sand used, and furnished stone to the Peacock furnace for many years. In addition to quarrying the stone, Mr. Betz also took contracts for hauling same, and in every respect gave such entire satisfaction that his reputation for fair dealing was firmly estab- lished. In 1870, Mr. Betz retired from active busi- ness life in favor of his son, Jacob. In addition to his quarries, Mr. Betz was a large land owner and at the time of his demise was the owner of thirty new houses and a large tract of unimproved land in the Seventh ward; three tracts of unimproved land in East Lampeter township ; a farm in Man- heim township, as well as large amounts invested in bonds, stocks and mortgages. After his retire- ment, Mr. Betz devoted the greater portion of his attention toward the buying of property, improving it and then disposing of it at considerable profit. During a long and useful life, Mr. Betz was a con- sistent member of Zion's Lutheran Church, in whose good work he took an active part. While a Democrat in politics, and supporting the candidates of that party in both local and national affairs, Mr. Betz was not an office seeker, and refused to accept nomination, his interests being centered in his busi- ness and home. On April 19, 1851, Mr. Betz was married to Catherine Miesel, in Lancaster, and the following 88 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTTY family were born to this union : Peter, who died at the age of three years ; Mary, who died at the age of eighteen months ; Jacob, a farmer and quarryman of Lancaster, Pa., who married Elmira Drown; Cath- erine, married to Charles Riedel, of Lancaster, Pa. ; Charlotte, deceased, wife of Charles Reidel, of Lan- caster; Elizabeth, married to Mark Keeport, a jew- eler of Reading, Pa. Mrs. Betz was born at Gelt- heim, Germany, Aug. 9, 1825, daughter of Nicholas and IBarbara (Mieselin) Miesel, of Germany. Nich- olas Miesel was a farmer in his native land, where he died, in 1830, at the age of thirty years, while his wife died in 1835, at the age of thirty-two. Two children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Miesel: Christina, who died at the age of thirty-five years, married Fred. Nies, and he died in New Jersey; Catherine came to America in 1847, settled in Lan- caster, Pa., making the trip one year after her sister, and taking forty-five days in the journey. Mrs. Betz is very well preserved and intelligent, and is surrounded by her children's love and devotion, after her life of hard work. She is highly respected throughout the community, and numbers many friends among her acquaintances. Philip Betz, proprietor of the sand quarry of Lancaster, was born in Rheinpfalz, Germany, Feb. 4, 1834, a son of Jacob and Magdelina (Huhn) Betz, of the same locality. The father of Philip remained in Germany all his life, being a farmer, after having served in the German army, and dying in 1844, aged seventy-five years. The mother with three children, came to America in 1846, settling in Lan- caster county, two of her sons having made the journey a few years before. After settling down with her children, the good woman kept house for them, and the sturdy boys worked among the farm- ers, and took care of their mother until her death in 1861, at the age of seventy-five years. The chil- dren belonging to this family were : Conrad, who died in Lancaster county ; Jacob, deceased ; Eliza- beth, of Lancaster, widow of Frank Kline; Philip; Mary, of Lancaster county, widow of Henry Fogle. J. M. W. GEIST was born in Bart township, Lancaster county, Dec. 14, 1824, and inherited the marked characteristics and strong intellectuality of his German and Scotch-Irish ancestors. In his early youth the country subscription schools were his only means of obtaining an education. Inspired by am- bition, and carried forward by his energy, he was a diHgent student, and early displayed a receptive mind. At the age of sixteen he began to teach school in the very room where he had been a student, and followed that occupation successfully for several years. In the meantime he was induced to take up the study of medicine, although his inclinations were in the direction of the printer's art. For three years teaching school and the study of medicine occupied his attention. Then he went to Philadelphia to at- tend medical lectures, but in the end, not finding the work congenial, he abandoned it, and drifted into a printing oflice to pursue the vocation of his early preference. His leisure hours meanwhile had been spent in contributing articles in both prose and verse to the newspaper press. This developed a natural love for literary composition, and, following the natural bent of his mind, he soon drifted into jour- nalism. Mr. Geist began his professional career in July, 1844, as the editor and publisher of the Reformer, a temperance journal published first in Lancaster and afterward in Harrisburg, Pa., as the American Reformer and State Temperance Organ. He also edited the Yeoman, an independent Democratic campaign paper published in the latter city, and in 1847, he was at work on the Pennsylvanian, in Phila- delphia, as assistant news editor. His next change was to a literary journal, Lippard's Quaker City, of which he was assistant editor. At the same time he was doing duty on the Evening Argus, both papers being controlled by the same ownership. The sus- pension of these brought him to the Sunday Globe, on which paper he succeeded the late Dr. Thomas Dunn English as editor. Under his vigorous con- trol the Globe was instrumental in driving the no- torious impostor and swindler, Roback, from the city, its circulation running up from 1,000 to 20,000. Later Mr. Geist became editor and one of the pro- prietors of the Sunday Mercury, but not being able to reconcile Sunday newspaper publishing with his obligations as a churchman he sought a more con- genial ocupation. In his earlier days he had been a frequent contributor to the Saturday Evening Ex- press, of Lancaster, and upon the invitation of the proprietor he disposed of his interest in the Mer- CALvy, and removed to Lancaster to take charge of the editorial columns of that journal. There his successful and influential career has been carried forward. His removal took place in 1852, and in 1856 he purchased a half interest in the paper and began the issue of a daily edition. The Express quickly became the most influential paper in the great county of Lancaster, and Mr. Geist's reputa- tion as a writer of vigorous idiomatic English rapidly extended throughout Pennsylvania. Mr. Geist, while a Whig in politics, had not been active in political affairs up to this time. But events were now transpiring which turned his jour- nalistic -career in that direction and served to make him a power in the party with which he united his fortunes. The Whig party was no more. Where should its members go ? Mr. Buchanan's candidacy became an issue. Although a resident of Lancas- ter, few Whigs, save intimate personal friends, sup- ported him. The repeal of the Missouri Compro- mise and "Free Kansas" became issues. Thaddeus Stevens lived in Lancaster, and his well known anti- slavery views had permeated the public conscience. Who should oppose Mr. Buchanan ? John McLean was spoken of, and he was the choice of Mr. Stev- ens. Public sentiment seemed to incline toward a new man as well as new principles. Mr. Geist, in i ^ a r « ; *^ > » BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 89 a series of powerful editorials, demanded a new or- der of things. But his constituency was overcon- servative, and for a time unwilling to break away from their political traditions. He urged promi- nent Whigs to issue a call for a county convention. The party had split into two factions, the "Woolly heads," under the leadership of Thaddeus Stevens, and the "Silver Greys" led by Edw. C. Darling- ton, editor of the Examiner. Each mistrusted the other, and as a consequence neither was ready to take the initiative. Thrown back upon himself, Mr. Geist cut the Gordian knot by drawing up the following call, which appeared at the head of his editorial column for the first time on May 17, 1856 : The citizens of Lancaster county, without regard to past differences or divisions, who are opposed to the repeal of the Missouri Compromise; to the policy of the present National admininstration; to the extension of slavery in the territories, and to the subjugation of the freemen of Kansas by the in- vasion of armed mobs from Missouri, encouraged in their lawless acts by the connivance of the Federal authorities; who are in favor of the admission of Kansas as a free State, and of restoring the action of the Federal Government to the prin- ciples of Washington and Jefferson, are hereby requested to meet in Fulton Hall, in the city of Lancaster, on Saturday, May 31, 1856, at 10 o'clock a. m., to appoint three delegates to represent this Congressional District in the National conven- tion, which will assemble in Philadelphia on the 17th of June next, for the purpose of recommending candidates to be sup- ported for the offices of President and Vice President of the United States. Many Citizens. l~he "Many Citizens" was a fiction, the entire program having been engineered by Mr. Geist, with two intimate friends, comparatively unknown in politics. In accordance with that call the county meeting was held on the day named, and the old political leaders were surprised at the large attend- ance. Benjamin Herr, Esq., a prominent member of the Bar, was president, and Ellwood Griest and Dr. George Markley were secretaries. A com- mittee was appointed to name delegates to the Na- tional convention, and the men were appointed. Thaddeus Stevens, who concluded at a late hour to participate in the proceedings, was ene of those sent to the National convention, and Mr. Geist one of the delegation sent to the State convention. Strong resolutions breathing the spirit of the call were passed and, on motion of Mr. Stevens, a committee was appointed to confer with committees of other parties who were opposed to the extension of slaverv, with a view to "forming a Union American Republican Partv." Thus was the Republican party in Lancaster county born and christened, and such was the part Mr. Geist more at the accouchement. A few weeks later the Lancaster City Fremont Club was organized, with A. S. Henderson as president, and F. R. Diffenderffer as secretary, and the new party was ready for business. From that time the stirring editorials of Mr. Geist were a powertul factor in laying deep and strong the foundations of the party— foundations that are to-day as strong in the affections of the people of the county as when they first shouted for "'Fremont and Freedom. When the Civil war at last came along and burst in fury avtv the country no pen was more busy in upholding the cause of the Nation than Mr. Geist's. It was an inspiration as well as a clarion note, and every movement maintaining the Nation's sover- eignty and for the relief of the sick and the wounded had his most earnest support. He never wavered and he never doubted, and the fervent spirit of pa- triotism that marked all his utterances, as they are recorded in his editorial columns, was far reaching in its effect throughout the State. In 1876 the Express was merged into the Ex- aminer, and Mr. Geist became the editor of the con- solidated journal. A difference between himself and the publisher in regard to the policy of the paper caused him to retire in a few months, and in con- junction with ex-State Senator John B. Warfel he started The New Era, which almost at a bound sprang to the front rank in the journalism of the State, where it stands to-day. Its success was as decided as it was immediate, and outside of the big journals of the metropolis there is no newspaper in PennsA'Ivania that has a more devoted clientage or wields a stronger influence within its territory. Mr. Geist has persistently refused to accept or be a candidate for public office, holding that any sal- aried political position must detract from an editor's freedom and independence. He was twice offered the best local federal positions by members of Con- gress who were grateful for services his journal had rendered them, and once a lucrative position in the custom house at Philadelphia by a senator, on partly personal and partly political grounds. The only public position he ever held was that of a Harrison elector, in 1892. He was active in the re-organiza- tion of the Young Men's Christian Association, and Vi^as chairman of the committee which selected and installed the library of that institution, and chair- man of the committee which organized the series of excursions by which the money was raised to pur- chase the books. He has been chairman of the local board of visitors of the State Board of Charities for several years, and author of a report urging certain reforms in prison administration, notably divorcing it from partisan politics, which was highly com- mended by the State Board. Flis sincerity is per- haps one of his most striking characteristics. Mill- ions would not tempt him to advocate a cause that he did not believe to be moral or deserving. Mr. Geist is prominent as a churchman. He was intimately associated with the late Bishop Samuel Bowman in the founding of St. John's Free Church, Lancaster, the pioneer free church in that diocese, and has been a member and secretary of the vestry for forty-six years, and warden for the past twenty- one 3'ears. In 1873 he wrote and published, for the use of the congregation, a history of the parish, and has just completed (1902) a revised and enlarged edition, handsomely illustrated with portraits of the ministers who have officiated at St. John's and views of the church edifice, which is regarded as the hand- 90 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY somest and most complete Parish History that has been produced. Mr. Geist was married in 1850 to Miss Elizabeth M. Markley, daughter of the late Dr. George Markley. She died in 1892. They had eight chil- dren, four of whom, three sons and one daughter, died young. Four daughters survive: Mrs. John M. Newbold and Mrs. Samuel S. Martin, of Lan- caster; Mrs. Dr. J. Paul Lukens, of Wilmington, Del. ; and Miss Emma, at home. — [F. R. D. ANDREW JACKSON MUSSER, President of the Central National Bank of Columbia, is, as the position he occupies would naturally indicate, one of the foremost citizens of that thriving town. His active participation in the financial history of Columbia began late in life, and supplements an honorable and successful career- as mechanic, soldier and business man. The paternal ancestry of Mr. Musser is of Swiss extraction. Peter Musser, the great-grandfather, was of Swiss parentage, and was an early resident of Lancaster county. He married a Miss Dietz, and they had five children : John, Christian, Henry, Peter and Annie. Of these, Peter was born in Lancaster county, Nov. 29, 1776. He married Eliza- beth Rohrer, of Lancaster county, born Aug. 14, 1788. She died Oct. 8, 1822, in her thirty-fifth year, while her husband lived to the age of seventy- one, passing away July 2, 1848. Their children were : Henry R., Mary, Annie, Joseph and Betsey, Henry R. Musser was born in West Hempfield township June 18, 1808. In early life he adopted the vocation of a cattle dealer and butcher, which he pursued at Lancaster, Marietta and Columbia. In 1846 he removed to Fairfield, Ohio, where he continued his business successfully until death, June I, 1873, in his sixty-third year. He became a prominent business man of Fairfield, and wasi there actively interested in the public schools. He was married three times. By his first wife. Miss Shirk, he had one child, Henry S., now of Fair- field, Ohio. By his second wife, Annie, daughter of John and Barbara Mouk, there were six chil- dren, namely: Elias H., a tailor of Rochester, Ind. ; Thomas Jefferson, who died in Fairfield, Ohio; Benjamin Franklin, proprietor of a meal; market in Darke county, Ohio; Andrew Jackson, whose sketch appears herewith ; Barbara Ann, who married John Horn, a farmer of West Hempfield township ; and Isabella, who died in infancy. The third wife of Henry R. Musser was Fanny Bucher, and the children by that union were : Joseph, de- ceased ; Emanuel, a butcher of Dayton, Ohio ; Eliza- beth ; Isabella ; David, a plasterer ; and George, a traveling salesman, all residents of Ohio. Andrew Jackson Musser was born at Marietta, Lancaster county, March 2, 1841. Bereft of a mother's care by death, his home from his fourth year was his maternal grandfather, John Mouk, in West Hempfield. At the age of eighteen he re- moved to Columbia and there began a three years' apprenticeship to the cabinet maker's trade. This completed, he followed the trade for a few months, but soon after, under the call to arms by President Lincoln, he enlisted Aug. 9, 1862, for nine months, at Columbia, in Co. K, i3Sth P. V. I., serving the full term, and experiencing active service, partici- pating in the battles of Fredericksburg and Chan- cellorsville, but escaping without injury. Return- ing to his old home when mustered out, Mr. Musser resumed work at his trade, which he continued dili- gently until 1871. In that year he purchased an old and well established cabinet making and under- taking business at Columbia. This was continued most successfully for more than a score of years. In 1892 Mr. Musser retired from business. Two years later he was elected a director of the Central National Bank of Columbia, and early in 1899 he was elected president of the bank to fill an tmex- pired term of several months, and he was re-elected July 26, 1899. Mr. Musser married at Columbia, in September, 1861, Cassandra E., daughter of John and Mary Shenberger, farmers of York county, Pa. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Musser consists of two chil- dren : John S. and Franklin B. John S. is a farmer and upholsterer of Greenville county, Va. ; he mar- ried Gertrude Kerr and has three children. Frank- lin B. acquired telegraphy in his youth and is now superintendent of the electric railway system of Harrisburg, Pa. ; he married Miss Sue R. Nowlen. For six years Andrew J. Musser served the borough of Columbia as a councilman. He is prominent in fraternal circles as a member of Co- lumbia Lodge, No. 286, F. & A. M. ; and of Sus- quehanna Lodge, No. 80, I. O. O. F. Of the latter he is past master, having filled all the chairs, and also having been representative to the grand lodge of Pennsylvania. Among other fraternal institu- tions he is a member of the Artisans Order of Mutual Protection of Columbia, and in business re- lations he is a director and president of the Colum- bia Building & Loan Association. In business Mr. Musser is progressive, and his keen judgment is a most valuable guide. Public-spirited and popular, he essentially fills a commanding place in the com- mercial and financial affairs of his native county. JOSEPH SIMON was one of the most promi- nent and richest Indian traders in the province. He came to Lancaster about 1740, and at once em- barked in the trading business. He established a store at East' King street and Centre Square, and made frequent trips through Ohio and Illinois. He was one of twenty-two Indian traders who were attacked by Indians at Bloody Run in 1763. On that occasion goods to the value of £82,000 currency were stolen. Simion was one of the heaviest losers. He owned many thousands of acres of land in dif- ferent parts of Pennsylvania, and during the Revo- lutionary war furnished powder, shot and guns for BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 91 the use of the miUtia. He had the following chil- dren : Rachel, married to Solomon Etting, moved to Philadelphia; Leah, married to Levi Philips; Miriam, married to Simon Gratz, moved to Phila- delphia ; Belah, married to Solomon Cohen ; Shinah, married to M. Scuyler; Susanne, married to Levy- Levy; Hester; Moses; and Myer. Joseph Simon died Jan. 24, 1804. His wife died in 1790. They are interred in the Hebrew cemetery in Manheim township, north of Lancaster. One of the children of Joseph Simon, Miriam, married Simon Gratz, and for some years resided on the corner of Duke and East King, where Farm- ers' Bank is located. Rebecca Gratz, their daugh- ter, was born in that house, and the family subse- quently moving to Philadelphia, she was raised there. She was a favorite beauty of that city, and Washington Irving was her warmest friend, and it was he who talked Sir Walter Scott into the idea of making her his heroine in "Ivanhoe." Rebecca is buried in Philadelphia, but her parents are buried in the Hebrew cemetery north of Lancaster men- tioned above. GEORGE NAUMAN (Deceased).. Among the leading lights of the legal profession in Lancaster, Pa., for over thirty years, and a man who was re- peatedly chosen to conduct cases and represent the interests of vast corporations, was George Nauman, who passed away after a short illness, at his resi- dence on East King street, Feb. 14, 1899. George Nauman was born Feb. 5, 1841, at Hel- ton, Maine, son of George and Mary (Dummett) Nauman, natives of Lancaster and England, re- spectively. Col. Nauman, the father, was a dis- tinguished officer in the United States army, was born Oct. 7, 1802, and entered at the Military Academy as a cadet. In 1821, he was made acting assistant professor in French in that institution, and three years later was graduated, the same year re- ceiving his appointment as second lieutenant of the First Regiment of Artillery. During the summer of 1829, he acted as assistant instructor of French at West Point, and in May, 1832, received the rank of first lieutenant. During the Florida War, he served continuously, from 1836 to 1838, being in the battle of Wahoo Swamp, and was made captain in the spring of 1837. During the Mexican War he was brevetted Major for gallant service at the bat- tles of Contreras and Churubusco, and he was wounded at the battle of Chapultepec, but continued on duty and commanded the First Regiment of Artillery, and was prize commissioner at Vera Cruz, at the close of the war. From May, 1854, to Jan-, uary, 1861, he was stationed at various points on the Pacific coast. On July 23, 1861, he was pro- moted lieutenant-colonel of the First Artillery, and was at Newport News in Mairch, 1862, during the famous engagement between the "Merrimac" and "Monitor." In 1863 he was stationed in Boston Har- bor and engaged in placing that port in proper state for defense. On Aug. i, 1863, he was promoted colonel of the Fifth Artillery, but unfortunately died ten days later, his health having been seriously im- paired by the hardships to which he had been sub- jected. For forty years, he served his country faithfully as an officer, was stationed in every, sec- tion of the Union, and in every position acquitted himself with honor and distinction. At the time of the outbreak of the Rebellion, he was residing with his family in Florida, and although offered high rank under the Confederate government, was true to the flag under which he had fought so long. Col.- Nauman was married to Mary Dummett, in St. Augustine, Fla., she being a daughter of Thomas Dummett, a native of England, who be- came a sugar planter on the Isle of Barbadoes, until the abolition of slavery there, when he removed to Connecticut. When the United States acquired Florida, he was one of the first to introduce sugar planting in the new territory. Mrs. Nauman died in 1861, leaving six children, three of whom still survive. George Nauman remained with his father until 1853, at the different military posts at which he was stationed, but at that time went with his mother and other members of the family to St. Augustine, Fla., Col. Nauman going to California. In 1859, he was graduated from St. James College at Hag- erstown, Md., with degree of B. A., after which he read law for a year in the State of Florida, his mind thus early showing its natural bent. In the fall of i860, he became a student in the Law Department of the University of Virginia, and in June, 1861, located in Lancaster, Pa., continuing his legal stud- ies, and being admitted to the Bar in 1862. Imme- diately after this, he entered upon the practice of his profession, and met with marked success during his entire legal career, numbering among his clients the most prominent men and corporations of Lancaster and surrounding country. For three years he served as city solicitor, and frequently rep- resented the Pennsylvania Railway Co. ; was counsel for the Lancaster Street Railroad Co., and all of the three oil lines in the county. Mr. Nauman was one of the leading Democrats of the county, and was frequently called upon to represent his party in various offices, and he served many times as chairman of the State Democratic Central Committee. At one time he was chosen as candidate from his district for Congress, but the party being in the minority, he was not elected. In 1888, upon the retirement of Justice Gordon, Mr. Nauman was offered the nomination, but de-^ clined the honor, and the Hon. James B. McCollum was placed upon the ticket. In 1896, when the gold question played so important a part in party issues, Mr. Nauman was very pronounced in his views upon the question, and held to the gold standard unflinchingly. Mr. Nauman's strength as a lawyer lay in his keen, analytical reasoning; his thorough knowledge 92 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY of the statutes and his clear, forcible manner of presenting his case to the jury, rather than in lofty flights of oratory, although as an orator he possessed no mean gifts. A close student, both of books and human nature, Mr. Nauman's mind was well filled with useful facts, and he was justly recognized as one of the best informed men in Lancaster. He was also an accomplished linguist, speaking several lan- guage's fluently, and was a cultured, refined scholar, and a man who commanded deepest respect every- where from all classes. In Lancaster, in 1867, Mr. Nauman was married to Miss Elizabeth Henderson, and nine children were born to this happy union, two of whom are deceased \ George is a member of the Civil Engineer Corps of the Pennsylvania Railroad and is a grad- uate of Lehigh University; Alfred is a hardware merchant of Lancaster ; John is a graduate of Frank- lin and Marshall College, read law with his father, and was admitted to the Lancaster Bar, now -being, his father's successor in his large practice, with offices at his father's former location, on North Duke street (he is single and resides with his mother). The other children are: Frank, Elizabeth, Spencer and Harriet. The father of Mrs. Nauman was Amos S. Hen- derson, who at one time, was one of the leading bankers of Lancaster, and a man very prominent in financial and commercial circles, and one who en- joyed universal respect. The religious connections of Mrs. Nauman and her family are with St. James' Episcopal Church, in which they are active workers, and of which Mr. Nauman was also a member. MAJOR ELLWOOD GRIEST, ex-postmaster of Lancaster, and father of Hon. W. W. Griest, sec- retary of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, was a man of far more than ordinary attainments, and was a worthy descendant of the sturdy stock from which he sprung. Major Griest was born in Chester county, at Griest's fording, on the Octoraro, June 17, 1824, a son of William and Margaret Griest, who belonged to the Society of Friends. After receiving an or- dinary English education he was apprenticed to learn the blacksmith's trade, after which he worked as a journevman in Lancaster, Chester and Delaware counties. He first engaged in business on his own account in Bart township, Lancaster county, and afterward in Christiana, and was in business in the latter place when he entered the service of the United States, in December, 1862, as a clerk in the subsist- ence department, 3d Division, 6th Army Corps, Army of the Potom.ac. He was captured by Mosby's guerrillas Oct. it, 1863, and confined in Libby prison until Jan. 30, 1864, when he was paroled and ex- changed. He was next assigned to duty on John- son's Island, Lake Erie. In August, 1864, he was commissioned commissar)' of subsistence with the rank of captain. He was ordered to Gen. Sheridan's army and placed on his staff as issuing commissary at headquarters, remaining with Sheridan until Feb- ruary, 1865, when the latter went on his raid through the Shenandoah Valley. Capt. Griest was left as post commissary at Winchester. Later he was de- tailed with .Sheridan at New Orleans, and afterward at Jacksonville, Fla. He was mustered out of ser- A'ice in April, 1866, with the brevet rank of major. Before returning home a lieutenant's commission in the United States Infantry was tendered to him, which he declined. In September, 1866, the county commissioners appointed Major Griest county treasurer, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Samuel Ensinger. While treasurer he was employed by Stuart A. Wy- lie to edit the Lancaster Inquirer. In 1868 he en- tered into partnership with Mr. Wylie, and the firm continued until the death of the latter, in 1872. Mr. Griest then became the editor and proprietor of the Inquirer, and so continued until his death. Mr. Griest was, as a young man, a radical Aboli- tionist. He was one of the organizers of the Repub- lican party, took an active interest in politics, and frequently presided at county conventions. He was a delegate to the State Convention in 1856. In 1866 he became a can;lidate for Congress to succeed Thad- deus Stevens, but withdrew in favor of O. J. Dickey. After Mr. Dickey died he again became a candidate for Congress, but was defeated by A. Herr Smith by sixty-two votes, after an exciting contest. The can- didates were A. Herr Smith, who received 3,763 votes; Ellwood Griest, 3,701; Jesse Kennedy (Mt. Joy), 1,015; S. C. Kauffman (Columbia), 1,956; David Evans (city), 162. Two years later Mr. Griest was again an unsuccessful candidate. In 1888 he was a Presidential elector on the Republican ticket. President Harrison appointed him post- master Dec. Ti, 1890; and on Feb. 16, 1898, he was appointed postmaster for a second time by President McKinley, and held that office at the time of his death. In his religious views Major Griest was a Quaker, and belonged to the Eastland Meeting, in Little Britain township. Fraternally he was a mem- ber of George H. Thomas Post, No. 84, G. A. R., and of Lodge No. 43, of the Masonic fraternity. Major Griest died, after a lingering illness, at the old family home. No. 429 South Prince street, in February, 1900. His wife, who had also long been an invalid, soon followed her devoted husband, and entered into rest in August, 1900. Frank, the eldest son, who was assistant editor of the Inquirer, passed away in March, 1900, and Hon. W. W. Griest is the sole survivor of the family. HANS TSCHANTZ was one of the first Men- nonite ministers to locate in Lancaster county, hav- ing come to this country with Hans Herr, Ulrich Brackbill, Christian Herr, Martin Mylin and others about 1709. He was connected with the Strasburg district of the Mennonite Church in Lancaster county. He became a Bishop in that church and CM^t^rO ^yi^-^J^^^si^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 93 in 1742, when Martin Meylin (Mylin) built a fine and commodious house for himself, he was mildly reprimanded by Bishop Tschantz and asked to de- clare openly what his intentions were in erecting such a handsome affair. He stated that he had only done so for his comfort, and after some discussion the Bishop reprimanded him and the matter ended there. EDWARD SHIPPEN, one of the leading men of Lancaster in Revolutionary times, was a grand- son of Edward Shippen, of Philadelphia, who had come from Yorkshire, England, to Boston and finally settled in Philadelphia in 1693. Edward Shippen, the subject of our sketch, was born in Philadelphia in 1703, and came to Lancaster in 1752, when he was appointed prothonotary of the county. He was paymaster for the supplies fur- nished to the Provincial soldiers during the French and Indian War, and was also a county judge of Lancaster county. He died at an advanced age, and is buried in the graveyard of St. James' Episco- pal church. His son, Edward, became Chief Jus- tice of the Supreme court of Pennsylvania in 1790. One of his daughters married Benedict Arnold in 1778. HENRY EDWIN SLAYMAKER, ex-post, master of Lancaster, well known in his community on account of his connection with Reigarts Old Wine Store, a leading business house, comes from prominent Pennsylvania families. His marriage to Miss Steele, daughter of late Capt; John Steele, adds considerable to Mr. Slaymaker's social standing. The first of the family to emigrate to this coun- try was Mathias Slaymaker (in German Schleier- macher), a native of Hessen-Cassel, who arrived from Strasburg, Germany, in the year 1710. He settled on a thousand-acre tract known as the "Lon- don Lands," located near the residence of Peter J, Eckert in Strasburg township. Mathias had two brothers, one a clergyman and settled in the Em- peror's dominion high up in Germany, and for some time secretary of the German Legation to the Court of St. James, afterward holding the position of Charge d' Affairs to the same government; his eldest son was governor of a German Island. Presi- dent John Adams, while minister to England, re- sided with a descendant of this brother. Another descendant of this branch was governor of an Island under German Dominion. Mathias' other brother was a major in the King of Prussia's tall regiment, and it is supposed that a son of this brother was an officer (major) in the Hessian troops hired by George III to fight his rebellious subjects in Amer- ica, as a captured soldier of that name was at one time confined in the Lancaster jail. Mathias Slaymaker, the emigrant, was married in Germanv. He had five sons : Lawrence, Mathias, John, Henry and Daniel, and two daughters, Mar- garet and Barbara Eckman. Of these Lawrence and Margaret were born before the emigration to America. Lawrence married a sister of Jacob Pfautz, and had one child who married a member of the Lefever family and later moved to Cumber- land county. Mathias married a Miss Smith and had two sons, John and William, and three daugh- ters, Rachel, Rebecca and Elizabeth. John mar- ried Elizabeth White and had Mathias, John, Wil- liam and Alexander, and five daughters, Jane, Eliza- beth, Mary, Kitty and Ann. Henry married Faith- ful Richardson, three sons being born to the union, Amos, Henry and Samuel, and six daughters, Mary, Hannah, Faithful, Lydia, Sarah and Sophia. Daniel married Gilsey Young, and had Daniel, William and Mathias, sons, and Elizabeth and Gilsey, daugh- ters. Margaret married Michael Fickel, and reared a large family. Barbara married Hironimus Eckman. Henry Slaymaker, father of Amos, assisted in clearing a portion of the present town site of Lan- caster. The London Lands were left to John, Henry, Mathias and Daniel, and a portion of the estate is still held by the family. The Slaymaker family resisted all the efforts of the British to make them desert the Colonists dur- ing Revolutionary times, and every member re- mained faithful to the Republic during its struggle for liberty. Henry was a magistrate during this time and was active in behalf of freedom ; he suc- ceeded Mr. Hubley as principal justice, presiding for a year. Henry's son Amos was a member of Col. James Mercer's military company, formed by young men who entered into articles of agreement to suppress all those called Tories. Its movements were attended with great hazard, and it was con- stantly in aid of the new Republic. The traditions of the family are replete with stories of this period. One in particular when Magistrate Henry Slay- maker, hearing of a gang of Tories operating in the vicinity ordered out the company in pursuit of it. After a hard march through a stormy night it was learned that the Tories had been apprised of their coming and had made their escape. Henry Slay- maker was a delegate to the convention for framing a constitution for the State of Pennsylvania, which met at Philadelphia, July 15, 1776. Amos Slaymaker served two terms in the Revo- lutionary war as an Ensign in a company com- manded by his uncle, John S., who was also en- gaged as an officer in Braddock's war. Amos was magistrate for many years, a member of Legisla- ture, of the Pennsylvania Senate, and afterwards a member Of Congress from his district. The John Slaymaker of Revolutionary fame was a sturdy patriot and soldier. In Braddock's disastrous campaign against the French he was en- gaged during the day of Braddock's defeat. He had charge of a cannon and in getting it into action had eleven horses shot while hauling it into position. In 1776 he took a company into Bergen, N. J., and 94 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY was in the skirmish under Gen. Bull, at Chestnut Hill, where the General was taken prisoner. Upon John's return home he was elected county com- missioner, and after filling that office he retired to private life, dying in 1798, aged sixty-five years. Samuel Slaymaker, third son of Henry Slay- maker and Faithful Richardson, married Ann Coch- ran, daughter of Stephen Cochran, of Cochranville, Chester Co., and they had offspring as follows i Henry Y., Stephen C, Samuel R., James A. and Eliza. Samuel and his brother Henry were pro- prietors of the great stage line of Reeside, Slay- maker & Co., from Philadelphia to the West, be- fore the era of railroads. The firm built the large stage barn on the corner of Duke and Chestnut streets, with the three one-story brick houses still standing on the north side of Chestnut street, ex- tending from the Rote Iron Works to Cherry street. The barn was destroyed by fire the evening of Nov. I, 1832, at which time Samuel R. Slaymaker & Coj were the owners of the stage line. Samuel died April 3, 1830, at his residence in East Orange St., now the property of Dr. George Rohrer. Ann (Cochran) Slaymaker died at the home of her son Samuel R., in York. Henry V. Slaymaker, of Margaretta Furnace, York Co., married Margaret Reigart and the fol^ lowing children were born to this union: Mary R., Ann C, Henrietta E., and Adam R. Margaret died at Margaretta Furnace. Henry Y. died at his daughter Henrietta Ruthrauff's in Davenport, Iowa, Samuel R. Slaymaker married Anna Smith, of Philadelphia, and had the following children: Henry Stephen, Robert S., Margaret and Jonathan S. (who was captain of a company in the 2nd Iowa V. I., and was killed at the taking of Fort Donelson during the late Civil war). James A. Slaymaker died at Detroit, Michigan. Stephen C. Slaymaker, of Margaretta Furnace, York Co., married Susan, youngest daughter of Adam and Mary Reigart, and had children as fol- lows : Henry Edwin, Samuel Howard, Adam Rei- gart and Stephen Cochran. Stephen C, was born in Lancaster, Jan. 17, 1802, and died at Margaretta Furnace Jan. i, 1835. Susan (Reigart) Slaymaker, born at Lancaster April 4, 1804, died at the home of her son; Henry E., May 7, 1886, and both are buried in St. James Episcopal Church yard in Lan- caster. Henry Edwin Slaymaker, the subject of the present sketch, was born at Margaretta Furnace, York Co., Oct. 26, 1828. At the age of twelve years Mr. Slaymaker came to Lancaster with his mother in 1841, and after attending the Franklin Academy and High school for some time entered the late Col. Mayer's hardware store on North Queen street, remaining there three years. Then he became a salesman for John F. Steinman' & Son, hardware dealers. After two years' service he formed a partnership with the late William C. Pink- erton in hardware under the name of Pinkerton & Slaymaker with store on North Queen street. The business was closed out in 1857 and Mr. Slaymaker then took charge of Reigart's Old Wine Store on East King street, established by Adam Reigart, our subject's grandfather, in 1785, and has successfully conducted the business for the estate ever since. Henry E. Slaymaker married Mary Steele, youngest daughter of Capt. John and Jane P. Steele, of Harmpny Hall, Leacock township. They have had three daughters, .Mary Reigart, who married Edward P. Cowell, employed by the Lehigh Valley R. R., and they have two children, Mary Edna and Henry Slaymaker ; Frances Steele, who died at the age of seven months; and Susan R., at home. In politics Mr. Slaymaker was first a Whig, but in i860 he became a Constitutional States Rights Dem- ocrat, and has remained with that party since. Mr. Slaymaker was a member of St. John's Episcopal church of Lancaster, having helped to organize it and serving as one of the first set of vestrymen. He is now a member of St. James church, and is prominent in its affairs. He was a member of Lancaster Fencibles, the crack military company of the time, and at the beginning of the war he helped to organize the Union Guards, which did such good service in the Army of the Potomac. While preivented from going to the war when the Rebels invaded Pennsylvania, Mr. Slaymaker raised a company known as Co. B, loth P. V. I. After some service the company was disbanded. Mr. Slaymaker held the office of auditor of Lan- caster until its abolishment. From the age of eigh- teen years he was a member of the Union Volunteer Fire Co., No. i, and for twenty-eight years was its president. After the establishment of a paid de- partment the company formed the Union Fire Co. Association. Mr. Slaymaker was elected its presi- dent, and still retains that position. For more than twenty years he was chairman of the Property com- mittee of the school directors of Lancaster, and when the first modern school building was erected in the town he superintended its construction, giv- ing the work as careful consideration as he would his own business. President Cleveland appointed him postmaster during his first term and it was during this time the new postoffice on North Duke street was ordered by the government. At the end of his term it was found that Mr. Slaymaker was the government creditor to the amount of one cent, a draft for which amount was sent him from Wash- ington. Mr. Slaymaker retains the draft as a curi- osity. For three years he was jury commissioner of the county. Mr. Slaymaker is a member of Lancaster Lodge, No. 476, F. & A. M. ; also of the Chapter, No. 43) and the Lodge of Perfection, and from time to time has held the lodges' most important offices, at pres- ent being treasurer of the former, and trustee of the latter. He is a trustee of the Witmer Home, a manager of the Home for Friendless Children since its establishment. Hale and vigorous, no more BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 95 familiar figure than that of Mr. Slaymaker is known to Lancaster. Clever and kind, and a most enter- taining companion, it is small wonder that the gen- tleman has long been regarded as one of Lancaster's foremost men. Mrs. Slaymaker comes of a family whose record is indelibly written in American history. General John Steele, her grandfather, was born in Drumore township, Lancaster county, in 1758, a son of Wil- liam Steele. He was educated in the school at Chest- nut Level, kept by the Rev. James Latta. While still in school, the war of the Revolution was begun, and young Steele exchanged the school room for the camp, enlisting the same day as did his three brothers, Archibald, William and James. He en- tered the ranks as a private, but before he was twenty-one was in command of a company, being made a first lieutenant in the loth Pennsylvania, Dec. 4, 1776; Captain, May 27, 1778; transferred to the 17th Cavalry in 1781 ; retired in January, 1783; and later honored with the rank of general. He was wounded at the battle of Brandywine, but re- covered and returned to his regiment, following Washington through many battles, participating as officer of- the day in the memorable success en- acted at the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown, Oct. 19, 1781. In June, 1780, while a member of Gen. Washington's body guard, he had the honor of guarding Mrs. Washington, in the absence of her husband, at Morristown, N. J. After the war was over. Gen. Steele served in the Pennsylvania Senate, being presiding officer in 1805 and 1808. In the latter year he was appointed collector of the port of Philadelphia, an office he continued to hold until 1826. He was a man of undoubted genius. For a time he engaged in the publishing business in Philadelphia, where he located in 1784, casting his type with his own hands. The last year of his life was spent on his farm at Octoraro. His death occurred Feb. 27, 1827, and he was buried in Old Pine St. Church Yard, Philadelphia, Pa. Besides his service in the field, this sturdy patriot had loaned money to the Government, and he was one of the founders of the Society of the Cincinnati. In 1784 he wedded Miss Bailey, who had waited for him during seven long years he served his country. She died in March, 1828. In politics he was a Jeflfer- sonian Democrat. Capt. John Steele, son of Gen. John Steele, en- tered into rest Oct. 27, 1853. During the war of 181 2, he commanded a company, and later suc- ceeded to the position held by his father as collector of the Port of Philadelphia. He was also controller of the public schools of that city. In politics he was a Jacksonian Democrat. Fraternally he was a York Rite Mason, belonging to Lodge No. 51, of Philadelphia, in which he was past master, and in which for thirty years he had held official posi- tion He also filled the chair of Right Worshipful Grand Master in the Grand Lodge. Capt. Steele mar- ried Jane Porter, who was born in 1791, and died in 1867. Ten children blessed this union, as follows : William, Sarah, John, Abiann, James, Robert, Mar- garet, Jane D., Mary and Marshall, all deceased, except Mary, who is Mrs. Slaymaker. Mrs. Slaymaker and her two daughters are act- ive members of the Daughters of the American Revolution, belonging to Donegal Chapter. The youngest daughter, Susan Reigart Slaymaker, is at present most acceptably serving as corresponding' secretary. JOSEPH SHERER, son of Samuel Sherer, was born in the north of Ireland in 173 1. In 1734 his parents located in Paxton township, then in Lancaster county, now in Dauphin county, Pa. He received an ordinary education and began life as a farmer. During the French and Indian war he served as a non-commissioned officer, doing duty on the frontiers. At the beginning of the Revolu- tionary War he commanded a company in Colonel Burd's Battalion of Associators. He was a member of the Lancaster county committee and a member of the Constitutional convention of July 15, 1776. He took sick while attending the sessions of this con- vention, and died on December 2d following. He left behind him a wife and eight children. JOHN B. GOOD, for twenty years a member of the Bar at Lancaster, was born June 18, 1823, in Brecknock township, Lancaster Co., Pa., and died in Lancaster Sept. 6, 1884, in his sixty-second year. He was a son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Bow- man) Good, who had six children, of whom John B. was the eldest. Lydia, the eldest daughter and sec- ond child, married Jacob Hoover, of Berks county. Pa., and is now deceased; Elizabeth became the wife of Mr. Husser, and is deceased; Sarah, the wife of Peter Meisser, died in Lancaster county; Mary died unmarried, in Lancaster county ; and Nancy also died in this county. The father was a cabinet maker by trade. In early life Mr. Good was reared to farming, and in connection therewith managed to secure an excellent education. At the age of eighteen he began to teach school, and was thus engaged for several years, in the meantime devoting his leisure to the reading of law. He was admitted to the Lancaster Bar in 1864, and practiced continuously up to the time of his death. He was considered a practical and conscientious exponent of legal science, and had a large and appreciative clientele. For many years he was before the public as a writer for vari- ous periodicals, possessing a facile pen and apt de- scriptive powers. As a Republican he took con- siderable interest in local political undertakings, and among other offices maintained with credit filled that of justice of the peace, from 1847 to 1858. In February, 1865, he became a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and was ever after a loyal supporter of that denomination. At the time of his death he had held the office of class- 96 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY leader since 1866, and of exhorter since 1867. He was president of the first lay conference held in Philadelphia, Pa., in March, 1872. In Reading, Pa., in 1847, Mr. Good married Elizabeth Bowman, daughter of Daniel and Eliza- beth (Good) Bowman, and granddaughter of Christ and Elizabeth Bowman, the former a miller of Berks county, Pa. Mrs. Good was born in Bowmansville, • Lancaster Co., Pa., which town was named after her father, who was a farmer in the county, and who died in 1871, at the age of seventy-nine years. The mother was a native of Berks county, Pa., and died in 1873, at the age of seventy-nine. The parents are buried in Bowmansville cemetery. They had the foHowing named children, of whom Mrs. John B. Good was the last survivor; Isaac; Moses; Elias ; Lbvina, wife of John H. Good, of Brecknock township ; Nancy, wife of Christ Gehman ; Eliza- beth, Mrs. John B. Good; and Leah, wife of Solo- mon Ott. Mrs. Good lived in her pleasant home with her daughter, Eleanor M., her other daughter, Clara L., being the wife of Leonard Lewis, a ma- chinist of Lancaster. ELNATHAN ELISHA HIGBEE, D. D., LL. D., State Superintendent of Public Instruction of Pennsylvania from April i, 1881, to the time of his death, Dec. 13, 1889, was born at St. George, near Burlington, Vt., March 27, 1830. He was the young- est of a family of ten children, eight sons and two daughters, born to Lewis Higbee and Sarah Baker. His mother came from noble stock, and was a. woman of surpassing loveliness of disposition and force of character. He often spoke of her in terms of the warmest gratitude and the tenderest affection. It was in deference to her wishes that he declined a cadetship at West Point and continued his course at the University of Vermont, though the military academy, held out for him high promise, and would have fallen in admirably with his daring and ad- venturous spirit, for he had in him, in large meas- ure, that of which the ideal soldier is made. It ^yas through her he used to take a passing pride in trac- ing his relationship with Ethan Allen, the hero of Ticonderoga and Crown Point. His father, at one time a member of the State Legislature, was a strong representative of the sturdy New England type of manhood, a fearless upholder of the right, of which he had an intuitive sense, with a rich vein of humor that was ever flashing into forms of quick-witted speech. Just wh-en Dr. Higbee's formal education began is not known. Nearly all we know definitely is that "when a little urchin he knocked at the old Polebrook school-house with his father's stove-pipe hat on, and claimed admittance." As a boy he was full of en- ergy and excelled in all out-door sports. He was "in love with the hills, skillful with rod and line, a fine shot and a natural-born athlete." Though only sixteen when he taught his first school, he easily outstripped the most active and stalwart of his boys. "He could run faster, jump higher, .knock a ball or kick a foot-ball further than any of the rest," says one who knew him well, "and as a skater he was as fleet as the wind, and as alert, nimble and agile as seems possible to any master of the art." He was, of course, a hero to his pupils on the play-ground, while in the school room his brilliant intellectual powers and his tact in management made him no less an object of admiration. He learned to skate as perhaps not another lad in ten thousand has done. His older brother tells the story as follows: The little fellow had buckled on his skates for the first time, but had hardly got upon the ice before a sud- den and stunning fall put an end to his anticipations of sport. He promptly took them off and could not be induced to put them on again that winter. Ice coming again the next winter, he went out with the boys as before, put on the skates a second time, and glided away from everybody — a skillful master of the art! Between his fall and the second time he buckled on skates, he had become a skillful skater — not on, but off the ice ! The boy had thought it out. Going along the road to school during the sumnier — anywhere, everywhere — without a word on the subject to anybody, he was trying the slide, studying it, until he had mastered its theory and the concept was clear. Then much of the strength and skill acquired in other directions here came into play, and he led the lively company many a merry chase. His preparatory studies must have been prose- cuted with vigor, for at the age of fifteen we find him admitted into the freshman class of the uni- versity. Here he was a leader among his fellows, conspicuous no less for the brilliancy of his intel- lectual achievements than for his marvelous feats of strength and agility in the various athletic sports of the day. He became known as the champion foot- ball player of New England, as well as one of her champion wrestlers, having in his college days en- countered but one man — a Canadian of firm-set limb and mighty strength of loins — whom he could not put down and keep down in this good-natured test of bodily skill and strength and endurance. He was also a famous cricketer, until a finger broken by the ball compelled him to forego the vigorous game. At one of the corporation dinners at Burlington, Vt. — given by the city corporation op graduation day to the university and its alumni — to the right and left of President Buckham, of the university, sat Dr. James McCosh, president of Princeton College, and Dr. E. E. Higbee, president of Mercersburg Theo- logical Seminary. After Dr. McCosh had been in- troduced and had made his speech. President Buck- ham, in introducing Dr. Higbee, remarked: "The last time I saw him was many years ago, on the campus behind the university. It was on the day when his class graduated. He had the foot-ball in his hand as he shouted, 'Here goes for the last kick !' The records of the university show that the ball went over the cupola of the four-story building, higher than it was ever kicked before or since!" Thus he enriched the traditions of his Alma Mater ELNATHAN ELISHA HIGBEE, D.D., LL.D. THE GREAT SEAL OF THE COMMONWEALTH. PROCLAMATION OF GOVERNOR BEAVER. In the name and by authority of the Commonwealth of Pennnsylvania : A PROCLAMATION. Again devolves upon the Executive the sad duty of announcing to the people of this Commonwealth the death of an eminent citizen and faithful official. Dr. E. E. Higbee, Superintendent of Public Instruction, died this morning at his home in the City of Lancaster. For nearly nine years and by the appointment of three successive Gover- nors he served the people of this State with singular fidelity, and purity, and singleness of purpose, as the honored head of the Educational Department of the State Government. He was born March 27, 1830, and graduated from the University of Vermont in 1849. He received his professional education at the theological seminary at Mercersburg, in this State, and entered the ministry in 1854. He became professor of languages in Heidelberg College, Ohio, in 1859 ; but three years later removed to the city of Pittsburg) and resumed his labors in the ministry. Soon after he returned, as one of its professors, to the theological seminary from which he graduated, and in 1867 was elected to the presidency of Mercersburg College, which position he filled until his appointment as Superintendent of Public Intstruction in 1881, and this latter office he held by re -appoint- ment in 1885 and 1889, until the time of his death. Dr. Higbee was a man of broad culture, a polished and thoughtful scholar, familiar alike with the treasures of ancient and modern thought and literature. As an instructor his extraordinary attainments and varied resources brought to him abundant success in every department of effort ; and as an educator, in its broadest and best sense, he had attained a rank among the first of the nation. As a public officer he was painstaking and conscientious ; as a man he was pure, simple-hearted and genial, gentle and kind. The teachers of the State and his associaties in the great work of education loved him with a filial devotion, and the Commonwealth trusted him as a pure, noble, true, and honest man. The funeral services will be held at the First Reformed Church in Lancaster, on Monday, December i6th, at half-past 11 o'clock a. m. Given under my hand and the Great Seal of the State, at the City of Harrisburg, this 13th day of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighty- nine, and of the Commonwealth the one hundred and fourteenth. By the Governor : JAMES A. BEAVER. Chas. W. Stone, Secretary of the Co7nmoniii}^Q.lth, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 97 by exploits of physical skill and dexterity in such a signal way as to associate his name with the most attractive reminiscences of college days, becoming recognized by general consent as facile princeps among his fellows. Supt. E. Mackey, of Trenton, N. N., in a rare tribute to Dr. Higbee, written shortly after his death, says : "He was in sympathy with his students in all their legitimate pastimes and pursuits. I was fond of skating. The creek was a mile away. I was never refused permission to absent myself from chapel exercises and study hours to enjoy an evening's skating. Dr. Higbee himself, it was said, was the finest skater ever seen on the creek. He must have been a most accomplished athlete. Even when he was nearly fifty years old I have seen him kick a foot-ball from his hands straight over the college cupola — a feat no student could perform during my college days. The college building was four stories high, and the cupola not more than ten feet wide." Mr. J. T. Motter writes : "My earliest acquaint- ance with Dr. Higbee dates back to 1849, when I was but a lad of eleven years and he a youth of nine- teen. He was the best man^ — not only at books but also at every kind of sport. I began the study of Greek and Latin under him at this time, and also the pursuit of every kind of outdoor sport, of which he was very fond. He was as fine a shot as I ever knew, and he disdained to shoot at any game in re- pose, preferring, as he said, to give them a fair chance for life. He rarely raised the gun to his shoulder to glance along the barrel in shooting part- ridges, pheasants or woodcock — and he rarely failed to bring down his bird. I have seen him 'wing the chimney swallow in his wayward flight. These feats of skill in marksmanship were common when he was a young man, but as he grew older I never knew him to take the gun into his hand. His beau- tiful hazel eye was quick as the lightning, and the most expressive feature of his face. It seemed, at times of great earnestness, to pierce through men and things, until the very core of the matter lay bare before him, and he saw everything in clearest vision. His power of ordinary sight was also remarkable. He could tell from a long distance not only the gen- era but the species of trees, as for instance the differ- ent oaks, maples, etc., and enjoyed testing his eye- sight in this way; he could count the strands of a rope at a greater distance than any one else while at Mercersburg ; and on the way to Europe and return his eye in this test was as good as the sailors', and about as quick and sure as their own to detect and distinguish objects on the horizon." As a student at the university he was especially strong in the departments of mathematics, the classi- cal languages and related studies, and of English literature. He was an omnivorous reader, with an intuitive power of discrimination and susceptibility for the true, the good and the beautiful. He reveled in the delights afforded by the noble collection of books stored in the university library, whose most 7 unfrequented nooks he diligently explored, mousing into and through musty "volumes of forgotten lore," and enriching his mind with the treasures of poetic thought and chaste expression which entered so largely and so naturally into the splendid mental and spiritual equipment he was acquiring, and which proved an inexhaustible source of perennial fresh- ness and ever-multiplying power in his subsequent career as a thinker, a writer and a speaker of extra- ordinary ability. He often spoke of the severe mathematical training he there received, the rigid discipline of his Latin and Greek sfudies as there enforced, and his introduction under competent guidance into the domain of speculative thinking: and philosophical methods of investigation, as lead- ing factors in the educational advantages he en- joyed; but he never ceased to "thank his stars" for the influences that worked together for his greatest intellectual good, in sending him with hurrying feet to the library as the storehouse of the accumulated wisdom of the ages. Here he acquired that remark- able "habit, of swift and discriminating reading, until he had amongst books, as Prof. Winsor expresses it, 'the instinct that serves the Redman when he knows the north by the thickness of the moss on the tree-boles.' " We have said that he excelled in mathematics. In this connection it is interesting to recall the fol- lowing incident : When he first began the study of algebra it seems that he was unable to get along with the nev/ work to his satisfaction. So the lad applied to his father for permission to stop the study. "What is algebra?" inquired the father. Elnathan told him as well as he could, whereupon he was asked,. "Can the other boys get it?" "Yes, they seem able to do it, at least better than I can." "TheA," said the father, with emphasis, "You'll keep at it, and get it too." And he did get it, as all know who ever wit- nessed the facility, the lightning-like rapidity with which he employed the media of this branch of analy- sis in the solution of the most intricate problems. He once told us boys in class-room of how, one day on the playground, the meaning and use of algebra came to him like a flash of light, so that he never after had trouble with it. In college we find him, on the other hand, ap- proaching Prof. Torrey with the question whether he, might not give up one or two of the other branches, for which he had no liking, in order to devote himself more assiduously to the study of mathematics. "The fact that you seem to have no special aptitude for the branches you name," Prof. Torrey advised, "is the very best of reasons why you should apply yourself most diligently to the mastery of the truths they contain, for you need them most ; the mathematics, for which you have special talent, will for that reason require no special effort on your part, but may be trusted to take care of itself in the ordinary course of your studies." The wisdom of this counsel was not lost upon the young inquirer at the time, and in after years was gratefully acknowl- 98 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY edged as fully justified by his own more mature ex- perience. He used to speak of this as "the best advice" he had received while a student at college. His collegiate course terminated in 1849. He was one of the honor men of his class. His connec- tion with the university did not cease with his gradu- ation, for besides maintaining a correspondence with several of his old professors upon abstruse questions, involving learned disputations, he was invited, "by a unanimous vote of the faculty," in the language of President Smith, to deliver a Master's Oration at the commencement -of 1852; in 1857 he responded to an invitation of the Literary Societies "to serve as poet for their annual celebration ;" and at another time he delivered a poem upon some "high festal" occasion in the history of the Owl Society. The Master's Oration was entitled "Thesis Theologica — scripta dictu in U. V. M. — Relation of the Church to the In- carnation in the Creed" — a very scholarly disquisi- tion, showing already, at this early age, the wide range of his acquaintance with the ponderous tomes of patristic literature, the records of the old church councils, and the domain of more recent theological learning. Dr. Higbee's first employment, after graduating, was as assistant teacher in an academy at South Woodstock, Vt., where he had classes in the higher mathematics, the ancient classics and philosophy. At the termination of this engagement he went to Emmitsburg, Md., at the request of his sister, to take charge of the mathematical and classical depart- ments of a select school which his brother-in-law. Rev. George W. Aughinbaugh, had organized in that place. He was then reading law, and fully de- termined, at no distant day, to return to his native State and qualify himself for the legal profession. He once humorously accounted for his coming to Emmitsburg by recalling the familiar anecdote re- lated of John C. Calhoun and Daniel Webster. These statesmen were standing in front of the Capitol at Washington, when a drove of mules was going by. "Look, Dan," said Calhoun, "there goes some of your constituents." "Yes," Webster replied, "they are going south to teach school." Then with a merry twinkle in his eye he added, "I've come South to teach school." How many hundreds of pupils and thousands of admiring friends have lived to see the day when they devoutly blessed the good fortune that permitted them to share in the benefits of his "coming South !" In 1850 he accepted the position of private tutor in the family of Hon. Joshua Motter, of Emmits- burg, among whose daughters he found his wife, the faithful, life-long partner of his joys and sorrows. This position he held for one year. The serious earnestness with which he prosecuted his labors here, as teacher of a small band of pupils, is es- pecially evinced by his lectures on the Science of Logic, and the Fine Arts, which were prepared with the same painstaking care that characterized his later prepared lectures on Church History, Ethics, and ^Esthetics. Here too, during the winter of 1S50-51, he was brotight so nigh unto death by an attack of typhoid fever, of a most malignant type, that the physicians could no longer count the flurried pulse-beats, gave up all hope, and gravely declared, "It is only a question of a few hours' time with the poor fellow." On the contrary, his great life work was just begun. When he rose from this sick bed, and could venture out of the house, Dr. Aughin- baugh tells us he weighed less than ninety pounds. "The battle for life," says Dr. Aughinbaugh, "was terrible. For six weeks I did not leave his room for rest, except on Saturday night, that I might be in better condition for pulpit duties on Sunday." In the latter part of 1851, or early in 1852, he entered the Theological Seminary of the Reformed Church at Mercersburg, attracted from law to the study of theology m.ainly by the writings of Dr. John W. Nevin. Drs. Nevin and Schaff were his teach- ers. Of his course here we will not take time to speak, save to note the interesting fact that he spent considerable time in preparing for publication an edition of Pindar in the original. The plan of the work had been carefully mapped out, in consultation with Prof. Pease of the University of Vermont, who advised him "to put the Greek on one page and an English , metrical translation on the other, with ex- planatory notes at the foot of the page and critical notes at the end." His earlier admiration for Dr. Nevin grew into the profoundest veneration by per- sonal association and fuller acquaintance. Indeed, he regarded Dr. Nevin, in certain lines of thought, the ablest man in America, and with but one man his equal in Germany. We remember well when he put into our hands, for the editorial columns of The ■ Pennsylvania School Journal, this tribute to his venerated teacher : In the recent death of Dr. J. W. Nevin, at his home at Caernarvon Place, near Lancaster, at the advanced age of eighty years, the world of scholarship and ripe Christian thought has lost a noble citizen. Though not the best known to its educators, he was the greatest teacher of his time in Pennsylvania. He was unequaled in his power over the minds of his pupils, inspiring in them such a reverence for truth, and such an humble attitude to receive it, as to free many from all self-conceit, and put them on the way of earnest search and prayer. While gifted himself with intellectual powers only granted to a chosen few, yet in his humility he urged his pupils to yield their minds to truth as Something broader and more glorious than aught that he or the most learned had attained; and guarded them most zealously from the abomination of intellectual slavery. In no scholar of our acquaintance have we seen the language of our Saviour more fully verified, "Judge not according to the appearance, but judge righteous judg- ment." And in no educator of the present age have vye seen such a- reverent acknowledgment of the aim of all thought-life, as given by the greatest teacher of man, "To this end was I born, and for this cause came I into the world, that I should bear witness unto the truth. " The same all-absorbing love of the truth and comprehensive grasp of its wide-reaching scope was the inspiration of Dr. Higbee's own interior thought- power, and his own words, as above quoted, might be most fittingly applied to himself. After completing BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 99 the Seminary course he accepted the professorship ■of mathematics in the high school at Lancaster, Pa. There he remained one year, making life-long friends ■of many of his pupils. The last eight years •of his life were also lived in Lancaster, and it was there that he died in 1889, at the home of his son- in-law, Prof. George F. Mull, of Franklin and Mar- shall, College. ■In 1854, five years after his graduation from the university, he was licensed to preach the gospel by the Maryland Classis of the Reformed Church. His first field of ministerial labor was in the Congrega- tional Church of Bethel, Vt. After laboring there a few years he returned to Emmitsburg as a supply to the Reformed Church, but soon became pastor of the First Reformed Church of Tiffin, Ohio. There he was elected professor of Latin and Greek in Heidel- berg College. It was at Tiffin that Dr. Higbee's father, now an old man and very feeble, first heard liis son preach. Upon returning to the house, he •expressed the pleasure he had had by exclaiming, in •subdued tones, with tears coursing their way down liis cheeks, "Well, I have heard Elnathan preach, and now I am satisfied. He knows how to do it." Grace Reformed Church, Pittsburg, next en- joyed his ministrations for a few years, whence he was called, in 1864, to the chair of Church History and New Testament Exegesis, occupied by the eminent theologian. Dr. Philip Schaff, in the Theo- logical Seminary at Mercersburg, where he Had graduated. '"Here," says Prof. Kerschner, "eight ■delightful years of my friend's life passed away." When in 1871 the Seminary was removed to Lan- "Caster, Dr. Higbee resigned the chair he had so ably and acceptably filled, and became President of Mer- •cersburg College, holding the position until 1880. His pastoral labors covered a period of ten years. The sixteen years following, of educational work at Mercersburg, spent so quietly that the world knew little of him who labored there, were, like those of Moses in Horeb, years of quiet preparation made unwittingly for a wide field of great activity. There, in the chair of Church History and New Testament Exegesis, he made the acquaintance of the great theologians, ecclesiastics, and statesmen of past ages, for to him these men lived again ; and in their companionship his wonderful mind found congenial spirits and converse upon highest themes in state- •craft and religion. As President of Mercersburg College Dr. Hig- hee passed from the contemplative to the active sphere, from the legislative and judicial habit to the •executive. Dr. Kerschner says of that period -."His labors were vastly increased ; his anxieties were end- less; his remuneration was small; the discipline of the 'college, no light burden when faithfully dis- charged, rested mainly upon him ; he was a commit- tee of ways and means where such seemed not to €xi.st; his' duties were often harassing, always in- cessant." During this time he taught classes in Psychology, Logic, Esthetics, Ethics and the His- tory of Philosophy, and gave special attention to the Philosophy of History and the Theory of Educa- tion. "But the chapel was the scene of Dr. Higbee's severest labors, of his deafest joys, and of his nob- lest spiritual victories." Thus was he prepared to cope with men and grasp the issues presented in his brilliant and inspiring eight years' administration of the Department of Public Instructio'n, which he began in his fifty-first year. A very fair estimate of his labors at Mercers- burg, and the fruits thereof, may be had from dis- criminating and appreciative articles in the Memorial number of The Pennsylvania School Journal (Feb- ruary and March, 1890) and in the Dr. Higbee Memorial Volume, an extraordinary collection of tributes unequaled perhaps in the history of educa- tion in America — notably those of Prof. J. B. Kerschner, Supt. E. Mackey, Rev. E. N. Kremer, Dr. N. C. Schaeffer, Rev. S. L. Whitmore, and others. The whole period of his activity from this time onward is well covered by the splendid me- morial tributes there given. State Supt. Schaefifer, who was one of his students at Mercersburg, says of him : "He was one of the most remarkable edu- cators of modern times, greater at Mercersburg than was Dr. Arnold at Rugby. In the eyes of his stu- dents he was a linguist, a mathematician, a scientist, a philosopher, a theologian, a historian; an orator, a poet — all combined in one. Had his magnificent powers been concentrated upon a single specialty, he might have rendered services therein that would have been acknowledged in every clime and tongue." Dr. Higbee was largely instrumental in bring- ing about the foundation of Mercersburg College in the fall of 1865. Laboring there, in season and out of season, studying, teaching, preaching, lecturing, writing articles for the Reformed Quarterly Review, and the Reformed Messenger, of which he was co- editor for a time, and serving upon some of the most important committees by appointment of the highest judicatory of the church — maintaining the most in- tense activity whereby his physical resoiirces were drained to their utmost capacity — with a sublime disregard of personal ease and comfort — his intellec- ual and spiritual resources were ever multiplying themselves l^y use and development into the splendid proportions of rare excellence attained in his later years. Comparatively unknown to the State at large, he was appointed by Gov. Henry M. Hoyt, upon the recommendation of Hon. John Stewart, Hon. John Cessna, and others, to take charge of the Department of Public Instruction at a time when peculiar talents were needed, Messrs. Breck, Burrowes, Dieffenbach, Hickok and others had devised the system, admir- able in its adaptatiorkji.:^-ie diverse conditions of the several parts of the State, in its balance of central- ization with local control ; and Dr. Wickersham with singular executive ability had compacted it. What the State needed was to be aroused to employ to better purpose the means at hand. As Gov. Hoyt 100 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY expressed it, he wanted somebody to put "spiritual content" into it. To this task Dr. Higbee applied himself. He personally inspected the State from end to end. He penetrated the remotest corners, and sometimes spent weeks with superintendents, holding meetings night after night in country dis- tricts. By his scholarly presence and wise counsels, by his self-sacrificing spirit and consuming zeal, in cities, in boroughs, and in whole counties, he aroused and directed the energies of school officers and of the public. He was not a worshipper of sys- tem. System with him was not an end but a means. He deeply impressed upon his hearers that the chil- dren ^^•ere not for the schools, but the schools for the children. He always insisted upon regard for the individual while dealing with masses of children. He demanded for each child the buildings, the grounds, the appliances, and the teachers, that were needed to develop the physical, intellectual, moral, religious, and aesthetic nature of the child. How well he did this work let the result show. Never before was there in Pennsylvania a more wide- spread, earnest, substantial support of public in- struction. The expenditures upon school property were one million dollars in 1881, and in 1889 two millions, an increase of one hundred per cent. The amount devoted to public instruction increased from $7,300,000, in' 1881, to $12,000,000, in 1889, an in- crease of over sixty per cent. The aid granted by the Legislature, in the State appropriation, in- creased one hundred per cent. Teachers were en- couraged to attend the County Institute by receiving pay for their time spent there ; uniformity in the school month was effected throughout the State ; and twenty per cent, was added to the length of the school year. Appointed in 1881 by Gov. Hoyt, Dr. Higbee was reappointed by Gov. Pattison, in 1885, and by Gov. Beaver, in 1889, each time in response to the almost universal desire of the leaders of educational work in all parts of Pennsylvania. He was busy with his institute work until within two or three days of his death. He was stricken at Mifflintown at the depot while waiting for the train, after having addressed the teachers eloquently at both morning and afternoon sessions of the County Institute. A few days before he had been at Huntingdon. Dr. M. G. Brumbaugh writes of his work there: He attended the entire sessions on Thursday, remarking to me once during the day that he could not this season do his work with his accustomed vigor. I am said he, half jocosely, "only fifty-nine, but I look like a man of eighty, and feel like a man of ninety. " He made the closing address of the afternoon session. His theme was the Identity of Home and School Training. In this address for forty minutes he held the rapt attention of fully 1,300 people. In it he spoke with all his usual earnestness, and that prs^^U^^^ depth of thought and feeling which so often characterizea nis platform utterances. He reached beyond the ordinary ken, and saw and described visions not revealed in like fullness to other men. His extra- ordinary grasp of our educational environment, his deep and exhaustive analysis of character as a factor in education, his earnest and Christian charity for the honest work of the teacher, his intense and righteous resentment of all sophistries in education, and his marvelous and rythmic diction, com- bined to make his address a memorable one. It was probably the last, rich, full outpouring of the treasures of his wonderful mind. Medical attendance was promptly summoned, but nothing could be done save to render his condi- tion as comfortable as possible for the journey home, which was at once undertaken. There was no return to consciousness. Early on Friday morning, Dec. 13, 1889, the spirit took its flight, and Dr. Higbee was at rest. In accordance with his own frequently expressed wish he was buried at Emmitsburg, Md., a few miles south of Gettysburg — ^ place hallowed by the sweetest and saddest memories of his earthly life. The funeral services were held Monday, Dec. 16th, in the First Reformed Church at Lancaster, where he had preached his first sermon, on the last Sunday in Advent, 1854, when employed there in the mathematical department of the Boys' High School. Among those who came to pay their last tribute of respect to the distinguished dead were Gov. Beaver, Secretary of the Commonwealth Stone, Lieut. Gov. Davies, Adjt. Gen. Hastings, the Lancaster school board in a body, the faculty and students of Frank- lin and Marshall College and of the Theological Seminary, professors of the State Normal School at Millersville, officials of the Department of Public In- striiction, clerks of the Soldiers' Orphan Depart- ment, and others among the leading educators of the State, including county, city and borough superin- tendents, principals of normal schools, teachers and clergymen of Lancaster and neighboring towns and cities. Addresses were made by his old friends and co- workers. Dr. Thomas G. Appel, E. V. Gerhart and Benjamin Bausman. "Call it coincidence or pre- sentiment or what we may," said Dr. Appel, "there is a melancholy satisfaction and comfort in recalling the last few days of his life on earth. For some time — some days, I mean — previous to his death he seemed to be going about taking leave of his friends. He spent the morning of his last Sabbath on earth with us in the Chapel communion service. He was smitten down at the post of duty with his harness on. His work on earth was done, and well done. He had expended his energy and strength upon it, and at the end of his journey he laid aside his pil- grim staff and sandal shoon and entered into his rest." And Dr. Bausman : "I always felt when I heard Dr. Higbee preach that back of all there was some- thing, one-tenth of which he had not told us. So strong, yet so humble ; such a fine classical scholar, yet never telling anybody about it. If you started him quoting poetry, or discussing ancient or mod- ern literature, what a grand fund he had ! What masterly readiness to dip out of any part of history or literature just such things as were needed! His knowledge of the Scriptures, his study of literature BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 101 — all these mental acquirements— do they He dead and buried under that coffin-lid ? I bless God for the life of such an earnest Christian worker; I thank God for what he was to me— that I have known Dr. Higbee." In the memorial session of the Pennsylvania State Teachers' Association, held at Mauch Chunk in 1890, Dr. Edward Brooks paid this tribute, in part, to the man and his work : "Dr. Higbee was a surprise to Pennsylvania when appointed. Wick- «rsham had devoted so many years, such wisdom and energy, and with such success, to the work, that it seemed strange he should not be his own successor ; more strange, that his successor should be one un- known to the common school men ; and, still more strange, that he should be a man whose associations had kept him out of touch with us — if not antago- nistic, certainly not in sympathy. But the wonder was greater when we came to know him, and see him discharging his duties. 'None named him but to praise.' He touched the heart of the educational tody, and the pulse of the educational sentiment, as no man has done before. He did more to uplift the profession of teaching than any of his predecessors. His work was the complement of theirs. Burrowes "had given shape to legislation — Wickersham had consolidated the system with an executive ability that no other could have supplied — it was left for Higbee to touch the heart, with a personal power and in- spiration that no one else possessed. Each of these men came to the front when needed — all did their work nobly. Educational movements are rhythmi- cal — now science, now theology, is on the topmost wave ; the tendency of to-day is toward materialism, •especially among the great thinkers of the German tmiversities. Dr. Higbee set his face against the error of carrying all education down to the level of sense-perception, and taught that we must unsense the mind. Then as a Christian man he threw into Tils work an immense uplifting influence from the spiritual side." Dr. Nathan C. Schaefifer, State Superintendent of Public Instruction, speaks of him in a memorial address before the National Educational Association at St. Paul, as "one of the most remarkable edu- cators of modern times," and says : "It was at Mer- cersburg that I first learned to know him. He astonished the students in various ways. While sufifering from hay-fever he frequently occupied himself in tracing mathematical curves of the higher •orders, or in talking of the beauties of the Greek verb. His lectures were a well-spring of inspira- tion for his auditors. They abounded not only in all kinds of learning but also in seed thoughts that afterward sprouted and grew into sermons. Daily the students came away from him with new impulses to study and investigation. His influence widened their reading, deepened their thinking, increased their zeal in studving the Scriptures, and stimulated their desire to preach Christ and Him crucified. Subsequent studv abroad convinced me that the uni- versities of Berlin, Leipsic and Tubingen, whilst they could boast of more thorough specialists-, did not possess his superior as a lecturer and inspirer of young men." Plon. John Stewart, who knew Dr. Higbee long and very intimately, says that from him he received "more valuable information on all the great subjects of human thought and speculation than from any other man" he has ever known. "No better man,'" he adds, "has ever occupied the position of Super- intendent of Public Instruction in this or any other State, and the common school system throughout the land will, in all time, reap great benefit from the labors of Dr. Higbee. Yet after all it was as a preacher of the gospel that he found his highest call- ing and was most successful." He regarded him the most interesting preacher he had ever heard, and he knew no other man his equal in scholastic at- tainments. Gov. Hovt, whose acquaintance in Penn- sylvania was very wide, and who was himself a man of fine scholarship, says of him : "Dr. Higbee was, in mv opinion, the very best all-round scholar in the State." John W. Appel, Esq., a well-known member of the Lancaster Bar, and a gentleman who greatly en- joyed acquaintance with Dr. Higbee, says : "He sometimes taught us Homer and history. The whole scene before Troy seemed to be enacted there before us in the recitation room. There were Achilles, Agamemnon and Nestor right before us. He seemed to know the whole story by heart. On one occasion, when the student reciting was stum- bling through one of Nestor's fine speeches, bungling the scanning. Dr. Higbee, becoming impatient, sud- denly jumped to his feet, and, looking at the class, said, 'Hear !' and commenced and ran through the entire speech in Greek from memory, and without the aid of the book. 'Oh, how grand ! how beau- tiful !' he said as he finished it. The dramatic man- ner in which it was done astonished us as much as if Nestor himself had appeared bodily before us. No language, as he taught it, was ever dead. His magic touch made the -dead speak and the dumb oracles break their silence." Dr. Higbee was a gentleman of fine taste in art and music, so cultivated as to make him a judicious critic in those directions. He was the author of sev- eral hymns that have found their way into the books. He was familiar also with the best works of the leading novelists, with hearty admiration of Sir Walter Scott, whose masterpiece, "Ivanhoe," in par- ticular, he had read an almost incredible number of times, until it might almost be said that he "knew it by heart." He has been called a poet, and that he was. It was his habit during a part of his life to write short original poems in his letters to certain of his nearest friends. They seemed to be the off- spring of the moment. These letters, in his beautiful handwriting, would often be illustrated with pen- and-ink or sepia drawings, as delicately done as those of Thackeray, presenting points in the land- 102 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY scape about him, or some fanciful sketch of rocks and streams, bushes and trees, sky and birds — per- haps the hunter and his dogs, all exquisitely touched in and occupying but little space. What he did •seems but a hint of what he might have done with leisure to devote himself to work of this kind. But in the field of instruction his rank was simply extraordinary. Men skilled in specialties said of him, "Dr. Higbee should teach nothing but Greek," — "iDr. Higbee should never teach anything but Latin" — "nothing but Philosophy of History" — "nothing but English Literature" — "nothing but Shakspeare and the great dramatists" — "nothing but Church History and Exegesis" — "nothing but Mathematics" — in fact, nothing but the specialty in which he happened, for any length of time, to be giving instruction, because in it he had become so able a master. So thorough was his acquaintance with these varied lines of study and research that he turned, at times, for relaxation and pleasure, to the calculus in mathematics, or to the Greek comedy in the original for the enjoyment it afforded him. Many of his pupils speak of him as a man with the gift or power of inspiring in them a new and nobler enthusiasm, such as no other man could arouse. We have heard our most earnest superin- tendents and principals of Normal schools, as well as teachers, say this of him in the work he endeav- ored to do in the State. Built firmly into the de- velopment of the mind, his work told mightily in the life of the soul. The secret of his power lay in the fact that he lived constantly in two worlds — the spiritual, invisible to the eye of sense, being ever the substantial : and the material, upon which we tread and with which we are in contact on every side, ever the fleeting. For him the past and the future were always the present. The name and fame of Dr. Higbee will become a tradition in the records of the school department and the school history of Pennsylvania. One of the best things this man did was to introduce the ob- servance of Arbor Day into the great State of Penn- sylvania — with its cumulative benefits through the years, and we trust, through the centuries. Other men gave him their generous aid in this great work, but the enduring honor of being our Arbor Day State Superintendent of Public Instruction belongs to him alone, and as such he will continue to be gratefully recognized in the years to come. Vermont has given to Pennsylvania two great men in Hon. Thaddeus Stevens and Dr. E. E. Hig- bee, and Pennsylvania is heavily her debtor. The former filled a very large space in the political his- tory of the State and the Nation. In the eye of the world also he filled a much larger space than the latter; but, grand as his record has' been, it may be that, when the angel accountants come to reckon up the sum total of benefits conferred upon their kind by each of these great men, they will stand more nearly together than even ourselves might suppose. Dr. Higbee was grandly beloved and trusted, largely — let this be the great lesson of his life — be- cause, in addition to all his other royal gifts and at- tainments, he had that which so many rhen lack — a mighty, an all-mighty, moral 'purpose; too rare, in- deed, but which, when possessed, is the very crown of the highest manhood, the noblest womanhood. He believed in God with child-like faith in' the wis- dom of the divine guidance. "God's providences,"' he said, "are mysterious, and not one of us knows what calling of life is Jsest for us, temporally or spiritually. What a varying life I have had, and how little after my choice or election ! When I look back upon it, I can see that I had no controlling power over it. But God has been merciful and kind, and I ought to be filled with unfeigned gr'atitude^and I am." The memorial to Dr. Higbee from the teachers and superintendents of Pennsylvania was perhaps the most unique in kind, and the most effective in result, in the history of education in America. Its purpose was not only to honor the memory of a great man beyond other men revered and beloved throughout the commonwealth, but also to widen and deepen the blessed influence of his noble life. This- memorial includes : 1. A Monument of Quincy granite, suitably in- scribed, a single block weighing over eleven tons, the design on one side being a massive Roman Cross; of polished stone, apparently cast upon the native rock, and on the other the simple inscription with a single pregnant line of epitaph that Kings might envy, "O Man Greatly Beloved (Daniel xiig)" — for he is believed to have been, at the time of his death, the one man best beloved in all the State. 2. A Bust in Bronze of heroic size with suitable pedestal, placed in the Department of Public In- struction at Harrisburg. 3. A lifesize portrait of Dr. Higbee, suitably framed, placed in the Department of Public Instruc- tion; in the State Library at Harrisburg; in eacK of the thirteen State Normal Schools ; in each of the institutions of learning with which he was at any time connected, as student, professor or president ; and in the offices of all the city, county, borough and township school superintendents of Pennsylvania. Copies of the picture were also sent to each school district, county institute, or school making contri- butions to the memorial fimd, the number sent being determined by the amount contributed. Some twelve thousand of these fine portraits were thus distributed to perpetuate the memory of Dr. Higbee in every part of Pennsylvania. 4. A large Memorial Volume containing many remarkable tributes of loving memory, together with selections from the writings, addresses, poems, etc., of Dr. Higbee, to accompany, so far as possible, each portrait sent out by the Memorial committee, to the limit of ten thousand copies. "It is the design of the Committee that this volume shall be the persona! property of the teacher, both for the thoughts it may suggest and the inspiration it may afford. Indeed, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ]03 in a certain sense the Committee regard this as probably the most extraordinary book of its kind, and one of the best professional works on teaching --showing the matter, life, and abiding results of a great teacher's work — yet issued from the American press. The picture and book complement each other admirably, but the volume, at the same time that it costs most money, is the most valuable feature of the Dr. Higbee Memorial, for in it are to be found the very life and moving spirit of the man." The book contains as much matter as an ordinary volume of five or six hundred pages. In printing it more than three tons of paper were used. The Dr. Higbee Memorial has gone upon the educational records of the State, and will be spoken of in years to come as the first grand effort made in Pennsylvania, by the schools at large, to show en- during respect to the memory of a man whom the State "delights to honor" because of his great ser- vice in the work of general education. The Memorial Committee appointed by the Penn- sylvania State Teachers' Association for this duty were Dr. J. P. McCaskey, chairman; Supt. M. J. Brecht, secretary; Dr. M. G. Brumbaugh, Dr. George M. Philips and Prof. H. W. Fisher. We have seen a remarkable letter, bearing date "Feb. 8, 1881," which was found among Dr. Hig- bee's papers shortly after his death. It is from a man of eminent ability and fine scholarship, who knew Dr. Higbee well, and was written shortly be- fore his appointment to the superintendency. He says : "How I would love to see you and such as you in like positions ! I have been thinking of Horace Mann — his statute in Boston, and the reverence with which he is regarded everywhere. If you have this place assigned to you, there will be in our State House at Harrisburg some day a statue of Parian marble to mark the figure and countenance of E. E. Higbee." In this splendid memorial the prediction is more than realized, and in a form far beyond the choicest marble of old Greece, in the noblest setting that could be chosen for it in the State Capitol grounds at Harrisburg. REV. ELIAS GROFF. One of the large land- owners and successful retired agriculturists, as well as one of the most earnest and devout ministers of the old Mennonite Church, in Lancaster county, is Rev. Elias GrofiE, of Strasburg township. A true son of that locality, he was born there Jan. i, 1838, a son of Emanuel and Mary (Landis) Groff, both members of families of more than usual prominence in the county. John Grofif, the grandfather of Elias, married Susan Rife, and became one of the largest corn farmers in this locality, his success in the growing of that cereal being noted by his neighbors, who, in friendly spirit, called him "Corn Johnnie Groff." His landed possessions grew with his years, and at the time of his death, Jan. 13, 1864, he owned four farms in Strasburg township, one in West Lampeter township, and one in Providence town- ship. His neighbors spoke of him as a most worthy member of the Old Mennonite Church, in which he reared his large family, almost all of them still clinging to that religious belief. His wife was born Aug. 13, 1780, three years later than her husband, and survived him two years. Their children were; David, deceased, was a farmer of Lancaster county ; Martin, a physician, practiced his profession many years in Philadelphia; Emanuel was the father of Elias Groff; Abraham, deceased, was an extensive farmer; Polly married Isaac Weaver, of Strasburg \ township ;. Fannie married Peter Weaver, of West Lampeter township ; Annie married Henry Neff^ , of East Lampeter township, later of' S t rasburg ; BgP sey, after the death of her sister, became the second wife of Henry Neff ; Susan married Henry K. Den- linger, of Gordonville; and Barbara, the youngest and only surviving member of this large family, married Benjamin Barr, and moved to Missouri^ where he died. Emanuel Grofif was born in 1813, and lived through almost a century, his death occurring in 1889. He was reared on the farm, and educated in the schools of the times, also acquiring a general knowledge of several trades, as was the custom of the time, when an extensive farm also contained its own shops, so that when a young man had reached his maturity, he was often able to go out into the wilderness and be his own carpenter, shoe- maker and blacksmith. In the case of Emanuel Groff he was one of the best farmers of Lancaster county, and at the age of fifty retired from the duties of active life. A man of influence in the Old Mennonite Church, he was long one of the trustees, and was ever one whose judgment and piety gained him the esteem of the community. Emanuel Groff married Mary Landis, a memberi of one of the most prominent families of Lancaster .county, a daughter of John and Mary Landis, of East Lampeter township, who was born about i8jS, and died in May, 1890 ; they had six children. Elias, the subject of this biography, was the eldest; Susan married Levi Herr, of Strasburg township ; Harry L. is a farmer of -Strasburg ; John L. is a retired farmer of Strasburg township ; Barbara Ann mar- ried Amos Ranck, of Paradise township ; and Emma, married Henry Leaman, of Paradise township. Elias Groff was also a farmer boy, and was educated in the public schools. He received in the family circle the teaching which perhaps had much to do with his successful ministry in later years. At the age of twenty-two he took charge of one o^ his father's farms and began operations for himself, later purchasing this property, which contains eighty-two acres. Here Mr. Groff has made his home and has improved the property until it is one of the most desirable farms in the neighbor- hood, all of the surroundings denoting thrift and prosperity. This excellent and most valuable land does not comprise all of the land owned by Elias 104 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNx\LS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Grpff, as, soon after purchasing his farm of his father,, he added thirty-four acres, so that this one farm contains 117 acres, and since that time he has continued to buy occasionally a desirable piece of property until he now has three farms in Strasburg township, one in Paradise township, one in Dru- more township, and also an unimproved tract in Providence township. Since 1901 Mr. Groff has lived retired from active farm life, but is by no means an idle man, for brain and body are busy laboring for the good of the Church to which he is devoted. Since 1864, he has been a consistent member of the Old Men- nonite Church, and since 1872 has been dedicated to ministerial labor. On Sept. 15th, of that year, he was ordained a minister of the Church, by the pious Bishop Benjamin Herr, who assigned him to the Strasburg district, where he has since labored with a devotion and allegiance to duty which have gained him the confidence and affection of the numerous congregations he visits. Rev. Elias Groff was married in i860, to Mary Ann Herr, daughter of Elias and Elizabeth (Her- shey) Herr, who was born in West Lampeter town- ship, Oct. 31, 1838,' and they have become the par-« ents of eight children: Lizzie, born June 25, 1862, married John Hess, a farmer of Strasburg; Enos H., born in August, 1864, is a farmer in Strasburg township, and he married Martha Brubaker ; Eman- uel H., born in October, 1866, married Susan Herr, and is a farmer in Pequea; Emma Sue, born in January, 1869, is at home; Elias B., Jr., born in November, 1870, married Fannie B. Herr, and is a farmer in Strasburg township; Harry M., born in April, 1873, married Ella Shaub, and is a farmer in Strasburg township ; Ada E., born in February, 1875, married Henry R. Herr, a farmer of Pequea township ; and John Elmer, born in December, 1879, is a college student in Lancaster city. This family through its branches and inter-mar- riages is connected with many of the old and promi- nent ones of the county, and no one is more highly esteemed than the beloved pastor, who has faith- fully served so many years. Rev. Elias Groff. THOMAS HENRY BURROWES, LL. D. Few men in Pennsylvania were more widely known, and more universally respected for ability and attain- ments, and certainly no man for enthusiastic devo- tion to the cause of the public schools or extraor- dinary service in their behalf, than Dr. Burrowes, the great organizer of the public school system of Penn- sylvania. Like Lindley Murray, "he never taught a school," but yet has aided the work of general edu- cation as few men have done who have spent their lives in the school room or in the work of school supervision. The man who has been only a success- ful business man or politician, however brilliant his talents and important his work, may soon be forgot- ten : but insensibly, and to an extent far greater than might be supposed, has a feeling of personal grati- tude toward Dr. Burrowes spread and become intensified among those hundreds of thousands in our State to whom the common school has been a boon of priceless value. Here at least his fame is assured ; and nobler fame than that which springs from enduring benefaction conferred upon his kind let no man toil for. He was born Nov. 16, 1805,. in Strasburg, Lan- caster Co., Pa. His father, Thomas Burrowes, was a native of County Cavan, Ireland, and was educated as a clergyman of the Episcopal Church, but did not enter the ministry. He came to Delaware in 1784, and thence to Pennsylvania in 1787, settling at Stras- burg, and devoting himself closely to mechanical pur- suits. His mother was born in County Monaghan, Ireland. She was the mother of thirteen children, of whom seven reached maturity, and was as remark- able for decision of character as for kindness of heart, maternal traits which were conspicuous in the char- acter of her distinguished son. The same traits of character were no less marked in his brother Francis, the eminent physician who died in Lancaster in 1852, and who is also buried in St. James churchyard. On the death of the elder brother of the father the family went to Ireland, in 1 810, to take possession of certain family property. After seven years spent there, they, in 1817, removed to Quebec, in Lower Canada, remaining there till 1822.- They returned to Ireland, and having disposed of the property in 1825, finally returned to this country. During all this time the education of the growing youth was not ne- glected. He was all the while in touch with thought and books and the stirring life of the world. A part of his stay in Ireland was spent at Trinity College, Dublin. Later he was fortunate in being a law stu- dent in the office of Amos Ellmaker, Esq., in Lan- caster. He took the law course at Yale College, and in 1829 was aximitted to the Bar in his native county. Preferring the more active life of politics to the law, he served for a time in the State Legislature. In 1835, before he was thirty years of age, he was ap- pointed Secretary of the Commonwealth under Gov. Joseph Ritner. This led to his remarkable career in . connection with the work of education in Pennsyl- vania. It is not our purpose in this connection to present a personal sketch of the man — ^that may be found elsewhere — but rather to show his vital re- lation to the progress of the State in her educational interests. In the work which he did during his life, and in the growing power and widening influence of that work since his death, broadening and deepening as time goes on, and that for generations, Thomas Henry Burrowes is the m3,ster-builder in the educational system of Pennsylvania. Here so far beyond all other men does he stand that there is no second. It is the same relation as that of his old friend, Thaddeus Stevens, to his associates in the House of Represen- tatives during the Civil war. Five things he did, any one of which should mean enduring fame for bene- faction conferred upon his kind and so upon the State. THOMAS HENRY BURROWES, LL.D. The Dr. Burrowes Memorial Tomb stands in St. James' Churchyard, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, in a sunny area of greensward sloping gently to the pavement. It is in the heart of the city, on the opposite side of North Duke Street from the United States Government building. It is a Roman tomb of beautiful model, fine proportions and exquisite workmanship; made of four blocks of sohd Quincy granite, and weighs nearly twenty thousand pounds. Each of the four panels has its inscription, the western panel facing the street. The eastern and western panels are inscribed as follows: The western panel shows the inscription : Of the immortal dead who live again in minds made better by their j^resence. * In Grateful Memory of Thomas Henry Burrowes i6 Nov. 1805 : 25 Feb. 1871. * He organized the Common School System of Pennsylvania. The eastern panel shows the inscription : He also Organized the Soldiers' Orphan Schools, and wrote, the Normal School Law of Pennsylyania, And wisest they in this whole wide land Of hoarding till bent and gray ! For all you can hold in your cold dead hand Is what you have given away. He gave his best ; his giving was princely ; his work has been grandly cumulative, and will be so through the ages. To no man now living does Pennsylvania owe so great a debt of gratitude. These panels are 54x26 inches in size, the north and south panels being 26x21 inches. On the south panel appears the symbol of the Cross and Crown, with the word " Resurgam," /" s/ia^/ rise again I while the north has these words of honorable mention for the living and the dead : Erected by Many Thoicsands of thai vast number whose lives have been better for this man's life and work. 1895. ' ' Of those immortal dead who live again in minds made better by their presence. ' ' In Grateful Memory of Thomas Henry Burrowes. 16 Nov. 1805 : 25 Feb. 1871. A man of immense faith, un.selfish enthusiasm, wise counsel, broad learning, high courage, resolute purpose, -rare foresight, and great executive ability, whose privilege it was to confer upon his kind such wide and ever-growing benefaction, through his service to the State, as has not been surpassed since the time of William Penn. At Thirty years of age he was Secretary of the Commonwealth under Governor Joseph Ritner from 1835 to 1838. He then put into successful operation the Common School System of Pennsylvania, thus hnking his memory with the cause of General Education inseparably, and with the im- perishable lustre of a noble fame. For more than Thirty years he was the one man in his native State con- spicuous above all others in her Educational councils. He was twice Superintendent of Public Instruction ; he organized the system of Soldier's Orphan Schools ; he wrote the Normal School Law ; he founded the Pennsylvania School Journal ; and, at the time of his death, he was President of the Pennsylvania State Agricultural College. To no man now living does Pennsylvania owe so great a debt of gratitude. For Ten years he was a Vestryman of this Church, and his mortal remains lie buried in the adjoining Churchyard. '' For I know that my Redeemer liveth/' This Memorial Tablet is within St. James' Church, upon the middle section of the north wall, with a fine tablet, of nearly equa size, to the memory of Bishop Bowman, in the next space to the east. Between them stands a window of striking: design and warmjl-ich color effects in heavy glass, to the memory of Miss Margaret Markee, a lady who gave her intense life to the work of the school-room. The legend beneath, traced on opal glass framed in by sapphires, " Suffer Little Children," was the animating spirit of her useful life. It is a rare group of memorials to three remarkable people, commending their example and perpetuating their memory. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 105 First. — He was the great organizer of the public school system of Pennsylvania. When the party to which he belonged elected Joseph Ritner to the office ■of governor, in 1835, Mr. Burrowes, in recognition ■of his great political services, was honored with the ^appointment of Secretary of the Commonwealth, the chief office in the gift of the executive. He was then in his thirtieth year, and entered upon the discharge ■of the duties of the position in December, 1835, the youngest man in the history of the State who has ever held this high office. At this point began his first connection with the educational interests of the State, ■and, as he often frankly admitted, his first knowledge •of the subject. At that time the governor appointed all the executive officers of the State, except county sheriffs, coroners, commissioners, auditors, township -constables, supervisors and assessors. All the rest — ■ from a judge of the Supreme court to a justice of the ■peace, from secretary of the Commonwealth to clerk ■of the lowest county court — were at his disposal. He had also control of the immense system of public works in which the State was engaged. As confidential friend and official adviser of the Governor, much of the burden of this vast power and patronage devolved, of course, upon the Secretary. He has often said that in the confidence of youth and the ardor of an active politician, he felt little hesita- tion as to his ability to acquit himself creditably of this duty : but that when, for the first time, he realized the vast importance of the educational portion of his responsibility, he was almost deterred from assuming it. Sustained, however, as he was, by the noble deter- mination of Gov. Ritner to uphold the newly-created system of common schools at every risk, he deter- mined to remain at his post as one of duty; and to prepare himself to the utmost for its proper admin- istration. The opportunity of a lifetime was now before him, and grandly did he improve it. The school law which liad been enacted iii 1834, mainly through the agency of Hon. John Breck, who had come to the Legislature from Philadelphia for the sole purpose of securing its passage ; and which was saved from repeal by the magnetic eloquence of Thaddeus Stevens in 1835, he soon found practically inoperative, and at once set himself at work upon the system. The ordinary du- ties of the Secretary's office occupying his time dur- ing the dav — correspondence and other vsrriting con- nected with educational afifairs received attention at night, and usually late at night. The result of his in- vestigations was given to the Legislature in a report dated Feb. 19, 1836, at which time the revised school law of 1836, which continued to be the school law of the State until 1849, was passed as drafted largely by himself. ■ After two years' additional experience in, and study of, educational work entrusted to his charge, it had so grown upon his hands as to require, as he has toM us, "half his time and nearly allhis thoughts." As he grew older, and saw the development of the public school system, he enjoyed recalling "the day of small things," and one evening he gave an editorial article for insertion in The Penn- sylvania School Journal, from which this paragraph is taken : "It was on political grounds alone that the writer was appointed to the office of Secretary of the Com- monwealth, and so little reference was there to the educational department of his duties, that he scarcely knew, and certainly did not think properly, of his responsibility in that respect when he entered the office. It was, therefore, with some surprise and no little alarm that he beheld the accumulated letters on common school affairs, from every quarter of the State, brought in a bushel basket about two weeks after the day he assum.ed the duties of the office — the mass having been kept back to that time, owing to the pressure of more urgent business. He can never forget the headache — aye, and the heartache — pro- duced by their perusal and the attempt to systematize and understand the vast subject thus presented. There were questions of every school hue, kind and shape — involving difficulty as to location of school houses, the assessment and collection of tax, the quali- fications of teachers, the selection of branches of study and school books, the use of the Scriptures, instruc- tions in catechism, modes of government, kinds of punishment, opposition to the system, etc., etc. And these, too, addressed to one who knew about as much of the details of school affairs as he did of the local geography of the moon I * * * A great Com - morwealth, with vast and growing resources — agri- cultural, mineral, manufacturing and commercial — yet with a population of a distracting variety of na- tional origin, involving much variety in language, re- ligion and customs, and with no very kindly feelings the one to the other, and, worse than all, with bitter hostility in the large majority to the system itself — was beheld and had to be taken as the field of opera- tion. On this field it is now evident, as it was then soon suspected, that little light from abroad, in the arrangement of details at least, could be obtained. Thus it was that with little borrowed assistance, and founding it on the actual wants of the State and the few grand leading principles in the otherwise crude laws of 1S34 and 1835, the Pennsylvania System was built up b-y herself and for herself.'" "The needed schooling for the duties of the place," says Dr. Wickersham, "came mostly in the shape of the voluminous correspondence that required atten- tion. The system was new and badly understood, and there were not then as now local officers compe- tent to enlighten the school boards and the people in regard to the proper construction of the law or the practical details of its application. In consequence, every mail brought to Harrisburg, from all parts of the State, a multitude of letters. The copied answers remaining in the department show that, although the correspondence of the Secretary of the Common- wealth was then much greater than now, as all the county officers, judges, and other magistrates were appointed by the governor, and a vast system of pub- lic improvements was in progress, he scarcely wrote 106 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY one-third the number of letters written by him as the Superintendent of Common Schools. . Information was constantly asked concerning every detail of the system, election and organization of school boards, the location of school houses, the assessment and collection of school taxes, the distribution of the State appropriation, the examination and qualification of teachers, the selection of branches of study and text- books, the use of the Scriptures and the Catechism in school, school government in all its branches, the resi- dence of pupils, the opposition to free schools, etc., etc. To attend promptly to the immense correspond- ence taxed to the utmost the powers of the Superin- tendent; but it was just the discipline he needed to make him what he became, the Great Organizer of the System. His letters as a whole are a marvel of perspicuity, and furnish striking evidence of the study given the subject in all its bearings and the care taken in their preparation. When the writing of letters be- came over-burdensome resort was had to printed gen- eral notices and circulars, of which a number was issued. Some two or three months after its passage Superintendent Burrowes published, in pamphlet .form, and forwarded to every school director in the State, the A.ct of 1836, 'with explanatory instructions and forms for carrying it into operation,' together with forms for all the official acts of school directors. This was the first publication of the kind issued by the School Department, and doubtless furnished the model of all documents of a similar character pub- lished since that time. "Nor did he remain in his office simply perform- ing the work that came to his hand. In the summer and fall of 1837, and again at the same season in 1838, he spent some months in visiting the different coun- ties, where he addressed public meetings, counselled with directors and teachers, gathered stores of in- formation for himself, and infused life into the work- ing of the system. In this way all the counties were visited except eight, personal interviews were had with thousands of directors and large numbers of teachers and citizens interested in education and schools and some academies were inspected. In view of these useful services, the Legislature voted him an increase of salary. No document that ever emanated from the Department of Public Instruction is more worthy of study than Dr. Burrowes' third report, made in February, 1838. It is a masterly presentation of its author's views, matured by the experience of three years in the office of Superintendent, on the sub- ject of public education in the State, present and pros- pective." Second. — He wrote the Normal School Law of Pennsylvania, under which our thirteen State Normal Schools have been organized, and which is said to be the best law of its kind in the United States. In his annual report of 1838 he recognizes this as an es- sential feature of the system, and speaks of it at length, but under another name. His discussion of this question under the head of "Improvment of Teachers" shows his mastery of the subject at that early day, when he was but thirty-two years old. His convictions were sure, his faith firm, an.d the subject of the training of teachers for the schools was ever after a leading subject of thought with him. Since the organization of these schools they have given in- struction to 150,000 students, frorn 12,000 to 15,000 of whom have received diplomas as graduates. There are at present probably 6,000 students in attendance^ not including the Model Schools, under 350 instruc- tors, and the schools are yearly growing in numbers and influence. To have had a strong hand in build- ing foundations and rearing upon them such super- structures as this is to have done grand work for hu- manity, whose influence must be cumulative through the ages. After the passage of the law of 1S54 providing for the County Superintendency, a measure which he had strongly favored, he seized upon it as the oppor- tunity for a grand stride forward. He had the salary of the office in Lancaster county made $1,500 per year — one-third larger than that paid by any other county in the State — so that he might secure the services of Prof. J. P. Wickersham in this office. The school at Millersville soon followed. The man and the oppor- timity were now both at hand to aid in working out his grand theory, and he brought all his hopeful en- ergy and strong personal influence to bear in further- ance of the experiment upon the broad plan which he had so long contemplated. With the organization of the school at Millersville, in which he was very deeply interested, his encouragement and advice, above all his abounding faith, had much to do. The growth and development of this school he studied with keen- est interest; it was to him an object lesson of great practical value ; and when the hour struck for him to write the Normal School Law for Pennsylvania, it was done almost within a day. But for twenty years he had been unconsciously preparing for this great service to the State. Hon. H. C. Hickok, then Deputy Superintendent of Common Schools, knowing his unusual skill in drafting bills for legislative enact- ment, and his thorough familiarity with the Normal School question, wrote him on Friday requesting draft of a bill for the organization of State Normal Schools. He received it on the following Monday, and it was enacted into law — mainly through the in- fluence of Hon. Andrew G. Curtin and Hon. H. C. Hickok — with a few verbal changes and the addition of a single section relating to the endowment of these schools. His ability to work so rapidly toward a definite result he once explained to the writer by saying that when he had thought a thing out carefully the whole matter assumed some orderly arrangement in his mind, everything being "on its own hook," so that, when he came to write, it often seemed as if all he had to do was to take each item down in order from its proper hook and put it on paper. The Normal School question he had mastered, so far as that was possible to him. After twenty years of thought upon it, and much careful observation, everything, no doubt. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY lOT seemed to be "on its own hook" when the request came from the State authorities to write the law. He had done much work of this kind that had not be- come law, and the Normal School sections of the proposed bills of 1853 and 1854 were the basis of the present act, but the sections were much changed to conform to the new views which he had come to entertain upon the subject. It was not known that he was its author until some months after its passage, when, at a "Harvest Home" at Millersville, at which Gov. Pollock and State Supt. Hickok were present, and which was held to raise funds from the salepf stock looking toward the erec- tion of the Lancaster County Normal School into the Millersville State Normal School, Mr. Hickok, dur- ing an eloquent address in behalf of the school, stated the fact of its authorship as follows : "There is another reason why Lancaster county should stand by this work — I am going to say this in confidence and wish it kept a secret. This Normal School bill had a Lancaster county origin. The great outlines of the bill were the work of the president of this meeting, Hon. Thomas H. Burrowes, a circum- stance which has given the State a mortgage on Lan- caster county, which she is bound in honor to redeem, by establishing the first State Normal School under the provisions of the law. And the provisions of this excellent law are an evidence that when the friends of common school education want a good thing done they should go to the same source for it." Third. — His third gr%at work was the organiza- tion of the Soldiers' Orphans' Schools of Pennsyl- vania. Those who know little of Dr. Burrowes can have no knowledge of the immense faith that was evi- dent in all he did. We have recently been struck with a statement by Dr. Wickersham, in his "History of Education in Pennsylvania," which throws this qual- ity of the man into strong relief, and they who knew him read between the lines the secret of his undying success. The extract is as follows : "The task of finding suitable institutions willing to receive on the required conditions orphan children above the age of ten years was one of extreme diffi- culty, and a man less hopeful and less persistent than Dr. Burrowes would not have succeeded in accom- plishing it. He had but fifty thousand dollars at his command, the Legislature had in no wise committed itself in favor of the system or placed itself under ob- ligation to appropriate an additional sum, the Nor- mal Schools declined the venture of erecting build- ings for the orphans as an attachment to their model ■schools, few boarding schools cared to be troubled at the rates offered with a class of children for whom thev had no special accommodations, and, more dis- couraging than all else, there was a general want of confidence in the permanency of the enterprise that chilled every effort. Still, full of faith and zeal. Superintendent Burrowes labored on in his good work, and at last the obstacles that had stood in his wav were one by one overcome, and the system was placed on a comparatively firm basis." It cost him all he had ; for when the meager and inadequate appropriations were exhausted his sym- pathy with these orphans caused him to admit too many of them into the schools and to make himself responsible for outlay for which he was never after- ward reimbursed by the State. John W. Jackson, late of Lancaster, a careful financier and a man of strict integrity, who had intimate knowledge of the facts of which he spoke, told the writer that he knew Dr. Burrowes to be worth sixteen thousand dollars when he went into the work of organizing the Soldiers*^ Orphans' Schools. So interested was he in the suc- cess of these new Pennsylvania schools that when the appropriations were exhausted — which were then much too small for the number of pupils that pre- sented themselves and the work to be done by the Superintendent — or when they were not immediately available, he was in the habit of making himself per- sonally responsible for supplies, and of drawing largely upon his private funds. The result was fi- nancial distress and disaster, from which, in his- later years, he never recovered. He paid the price of a heroic and generous sympathy that was without calculation. But if the loss was his so also should be the glory, for it is none too much to say that, if he had not taken hold of this work, the honorable record of Pennsylvania in connection with its Soldiers' Or- phans would never have been made. No other State has such a record, but no other State seems to have had a Gov. Curtin to make the suggestion and a Dr. Burrowes to embody it in a patriotic system of schools now in the thirty-eighth year of their honored life — a proud fact in the history of a great Common- wealth. Fourth.- — Hon. John Hamilton, Secretary of Agriculture of Pennsylvania from 1899 to 1903, who- has for an ordinary lifetime been intimately con- nected with the Pennsylvania State College as pro- fessor, treasurer and member of the board of trustees, having his home at the college all the while, and knowing thoroughly whereof he speaks, says of Dr.. Burrowes : "No other man .in Pennsylvania has had so much to do with the development of her system of public instruction as Dr. Burrowes. From the time of its organization until the time of his death he took a deep and intelligent interest in everything that tended to promote its advancement and perfect the system. In the fall of 1869 he was elected to the presidency of the Pennsylvania State College, a position in which he continued until the time of his death, in 1871. "He came to this college in the darkest period of its history. The number of students had dwindled to a handful. Public confidence had been withdrawn. The institution had become involved in debt, and the trustees, just before his election to the position of president, had seriously considered the propriety of surrendering their trust to the authorities of the Com- monwealth, and of confessing that the scheme which they had undertaken for providing practical instruc- tion for the youth of the Commonwealth had failed. 108 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY President Piurrowes brought with him the trust of the public, because his had been an educational career that was widely known in Pennsylvania, both in it- self and for the success that had attended it. And, although he now was in the sixty-fifth year of his age, his enthusiasm and natural vigor seemed just as great as it had been years before. His presence re-estab- lished public confidence, the number of students at- tracted by his reputation very greatly increased, the course of study was reformed, and the institution was put into practicable working condition. During his administration, the experimental farm at the State College was founded and put into operation. Presi- dent Burrowes took as his title that of president of the Pennsylvania State College and professor of agri- ctilture — having been a farmer, the life was not new to him — and during the term in which he was its president he gave personal attention to the interests of agriculture, and also had direction, .in connection with the Hon. H. N. McAllister, of Bellefonte, of the three experimental farms belonging to the college. "There can be no doubt of our indebtedness to Dr. Burrowes for most of this that we enjoy today, for if he had not assumed control at the period at which he did, in all probability the college would have ceased to exist, and the experiment of industrial education, in so far as it was undertaken under the management of the Board of Trustees, would have been a failure. "There is not time to speak of the personal quali- ties of President Burrowes, nor to go into details with regard to his ability as an instructor, and his qualities as a man ; but if I were asked to sum up his char- acter and life in a single sentence, I would give him the same title that was accorded to "his illustrious fel- low townsman, Thaddeus Stevens, that of the Great Commoner. Thaddeus Stevens earned this title in his dealings with the political affairs of the Common- wealth and the country, and Dr. Burrowes earned it through a life devoted to the interests of education for the common people of this State. He, more than any other man, could be truly entitled the Great Com- moner in education in Pennsylvania." Fifth. — He founded The Pennsylvania School Journal, now in its fifty-first volume, and published it, mainly as a labor of love, for eighteen years. It was never a source of financial profit to him. But it has been a potent agency in securing every important measure of school reform since January, 1852. At a meeting of the Lancaster Educational Association Jan. 3, of that year, John C. Martin presented a series of resolutions urging the . establishment of such a periodical and requesting Dr. Burrowes to edit and publish the same. He accepted it as "a call to duty ;" and, with the extraordinary faith that always char- acterized the man, he issued the first number before he had a hundred subscribers. With the single ex- ception of the Ohio Educational Monthly, whose first issue also bears date January, 1852, it is the oldest educational magazine in the United States. From the first it was the organ of the State Teachers' Asso- ciation. In iSq"; it was made the official organ of the Department of Public Instruction, and has so con- tinued since that time with an ever-widening field of usefulness. The year 1852 was about the beginning of the great educational reform in Pennsylvania, and the Journal appeared just in time to aid in shaping the movement, and gave to Dr. Burrowes just, such a periodical as was needed for the work which he, of all men in the State, was best fitted to do. He transferred it in 1870 to Dr. J. P. Wickersham and Dr. J. P. McCaskey. Since 1880 it has been pub- lished by Dr. McCaskey, who went upon it in 1866, as assistant to Dr. Burrowes. This journal has been conducted for the past fifty years upon the plan adopted by Dr. Burrowes, and its influence as the organ of the school officers and teach- ers of the State, and the medium through which the proceedings of their annual meetings have been made known to the public, can hardly be overestimated. The educational records of the State are found no- where else outside of its fifty volumes. The only complete set of the annual reports of the State Super- intendents of Public Instruction ; the only continuous record of the proceedings of the Pennsylvania State Teachers' Association, of the Superintendents' annual meetings, of the Pennsylvania State Directors' Asso- ciation, the only continuous history of the work of the Department of Public Instruction since 1854 — all the archives of this department of the State government, which had been carefully preserved for so many years, having been lost in the late fire that destroyed the Capitol building at Harrisburg — all this matter of greater or less importance is found from year to year in The Pennsylvania School Journal, and no- where else. This monthly periodical — in addition to an immense amount of valuable matter upon a very wide range of subjects of educational interest — has thus kept the record intact and beyond the reach of destruction from any cause whatsoever. Dr. Win- ship, of the New England Journal of Education, says of it : "The Pennsylvania School Journal has been in a class by itself. No other State educational journal has approached this in scope or in power. It is the best history of education of a State that is to be found in all the land." Dr. Burrowes died in 187 1. It was thought fitting that some worthy memorial should bear witness to the gratitude of Pennsylvania towards this man who had so long been recognized as the Nestor of her educa- tional councils. A large committee was appointed, but nothing was done. Sixteen years later the long- delayed efl:ort was renewed with vigor, and the onyx tablet and noble granite tomb in St. James' (Episco- pal) Church and churchyard in Lancaster, and thou- sands upon thousands of life-like portraits in schools all over the State, have recalled and will keep alive his memory. Upon the north end of the tomb are the words : "Erected b}' many thousands of that vast number whose lives have been better for this man's life and work." On the east side, below other in- scriptions: "He gave his best; his giving was princely; his work has been grandly cumulative, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 109 and will be so through the ages." Within the church, upon the north wall, is a fine tablet of black onyx, showing'this inscription in gold : "A man of immense faith, unselfish enthusiasm, wise counsel, broad learning, high courage, resolute purpose, rare foresight, and great executive ability, whose privilege it was to confer upon his kind such wide and ever-growing benefaction, through his ser- vice to the State, as has not been surpassed since the time of William Penn. At thirty years of age he was Secretary of the Commonwealth under Governor Joseph Ritner, from 1835 to 1838. He then put into successful operation the Common School System of Pennsylvania, thus linking his memory with the cause of General Education inseparably, and with the imperishable lustre of a noble fame. For more than thirty years he was the one man in his native State conspicuous above all others in her Education- al councils. He was twice Superintendent of Public Instruction ; he organized the system of Soldiers' Or- phans' Schools ; he wrote the Normal School Law ; he founded the Pennsylvania School Journal; and, at the time of his death, he was President of the Pennsylvania State Agricultural College. To no man now living does Pennsylvania owe so great a debt of gratitude. For ten years he was a vestry- man of this Church, and his mortal remains lie buried in the adjoining churchyard." A statue of Thomas Henry Burrowes of heroic proportions should stand in the new Capitol Build- ing at Harrisburg, to emphasize, in her foremost man in this special field, the over-shadowing value and importance of enduring educational service to the State. For he has been and can never cease to be a vital force of the first rank and of the highest order in Pennsylvania. SCHNEIDER (or SNADER). Matheis Schneider, Jacob Schneider with his wife Mag- dalen, and Christian Schneider with his wife Sus- anna Margretha, with fifty-six other Palatinates and their families, sailed from Cowes, Isle of Wight, on the south coast of England, July 7, 1729, for Amer- ica, in the ship "Allen," James Craigie, master. They landed at Philadelphia, and took the oath of allegiance to King George II, then King of England, Sept. 15, 1729. [Pennsylvania Archives, Vol. II, Page 18.1 They originally came from northern Switzerland, near the boundary line of Baden and Wurtemberg, Germany. Some time prior to their coming to America they had found their way to Holland, from which country they were sent to England, with a view of being transported to Penn- sylvania. They soon found their way to Weber- Thai, Lancaster Co., Pa., where their friends, George Weber, Henry Weber and Jacob Weber, Swiss Men- nonites, had settled a few years earlier. Christian Schneider had surveyed for him, under a warrant from the proprietaries of Pennsylvania, dated Jan. 10, T733, 138 acres of land on the north and south of Conestoga creek, adjoining said George Weber's land. This tract of land was afterwards conveyed to him by deed for the consideration of £20, 6s, id, by Thomas Penn and Richard Penn. He erected a cabin on this tract, on the south bank of Conestoga creek, at a spring on land now (1903) owned by John Trego, in East Earl township, Lan- caster Co., Pa., where he and his family resided up to the time of his death, in 1793. His wife died in January, 1767 [Zeltenreich Church Record]. The name is spelled in various ways, viz. : In his will he signed it "Sneder;" in a deed to his son Christian he wrote it "Schnyder ;" in the patent deed to him it is written "Sneeder," alias "Schneder;" later on we find it written "Schnader," "Sneider," "Snyder," "Sneder" and "Snader." When they came to this country they invariably wrote it "Schneider," which is undoubtedly the proper orthography. Jacob Schneider and Matheis Schneider took up by patent about 250 acres of land some distance northeast of Weber-Thai, where Center (now St. John's) Reformed and Lutheran Church is erected. Jacob Schneider also purchased considerable land from William Morris, who had previously received a patent for the same. The writer has been unable to find that Matheis left any descendants, or that he ever married. The descendants of Jacob are numer- .ous and widely scattered; among them may be men- tioned Rev. Charles Schneider, pastor of the Re- formed Church at Shamokin ; Rev. Davis Schneider, Reformed missionary in Japan ; Edward R. Snader, professor of Physical Diagnosis at Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital, Philadelphia, Penn- sylvania. They were all followers of Zwingli, and in this country their descendants have generalfy united themselves with the Reformed Church. Many of them are buried at Center (now St. John's) Re- formed Church, above mentioned. The descendants of Christian Schneider are buried in New Holland and Zeltenreich's Reformed burying-grounds. The children of Christian and Susanna Margretha Schneider were : John Jacob, Christian, Philip, Michael (sometimes called John Michael), Mar- garet, Elizabeth. Michael Schneider, fourth son of Christian, on Nov. 25, 1766, married Elenora Mueller, a daughter of Lenhard Mueller, one of the early Huguenot set- tlers of Earl township, Lancaster Co., Pa. He re- ceived a deed from the Executive Council of Penn- sylvania, dated April 4, 1785, for 100 acres of land surveyed under a warrant to Andreas Graefif. This land adjoined his father's tract on the west. He also purchased forty-four acres and 146 perches of land from Peter and Barbara Worst, immediately north of his loo-acre tract. He and his brother Christian erected a barn on the tract of laid originally taken up by his father, Christian Schneider, in 1781, which is still standing on land now (1903) owned by Ehas Martin. He died Sept. 2, 183 1, in his eighty-seventh year. His wife died Sept. 22, 1 821, in her seventy- ninth year. Michael and Elenora Schneider left five 110 BIOGRAPHICAL . ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ■children : Christian, Michael, Lenora, Sophia, Sus- anna. Christian Schneder, eldest son of Michael, lived on part of the original tracts of land granted to his father and grandfather, of which he became pos- sessed by devise and purchase to the time of his death. His first wife was Margreta Diller, a daugh- ter of John Diller, who was a son of Hans Martin Diller, who with his father, Casper Diller, came from Heidelberg, Germany, about 1733, and settled at Millcreek, Earl township, Lancaster Co., Pa. His wife died Aug. 6, 1827, in her forty-sixth year. He afterward married Susan Schneder, widow of Jonas Schneder, but had no children by that union. He died Jan. 17, 1851, in his eighty-third year. Chris- tian Schneder by his first wife, Margreta Diller, had children as follows: Catharine, wife of Benjamin Witmer; Magdaleria, wife of John Messner; Mar- garet, wife of John Plank; Caroline, wife of John Koser; Isaac Schnader, who married Susanna Weaver; Christian Schnader, who married Eliza- beth Yohn; and Michael Schnader, who married Lydia Schnader. Isaac Schnader purchased about eighty acres of land, part of v/hich belonged to the old homestead, and lived upon it until his death, in 1881, when it was sold, and the last of the land originally taken up by Christian Schneider in 1733 passed out of the family name. Susanna Weaver, the wife of Isaac Schnader, •was descended from Jacob Weber, one of the Swiss Merinonites who settled in Weber-Thai about the year 1723. Jacob Weber settled near Blue Ball, and took up about 750 acres of land in that neighbor- hood. He died in 1747. His children were: Jacob, Samuel, George, John (known as Hans Weber, and so named in deeds and papers), Henry, Barbara (who married Peter Gander), Elizabeth (who mar- ried Peter Eaby), Mary (who married Abraham Kendrick) and Ann (who married Christian Root). John Weber, fourth son of Jacob, married Bar- bara Buckwalter, and had children: Jacob, John, George, Abraham, Joseph, Anna (wife of John Sherick), Barbara (wife of Peter Worst) and Eliza- beth (wife of Ulrich (Owen) Bruner). Joseph Weaver, son of John, married Mary Lan- ■dis, a descendant of Rev. Benjamin Landis, who with his son, Benjamin Landis, settled in East Lam- peter township, Lancaster Co., Pa., about the year 1717. The children of Joseph and Mary (Landis) Weaver were: Nancy, who married Christian Kurtz ; Barbara, who married John Geigley ; Mary, who died unmarried; Elizabeth, who married John Pleam ; Lydia, who married Esaias Schneder ; Jo- seph, who married Nancy Martin; John, who mar- ried a Kurtz ; Solomon, who married a Ream ; Henry, who married Barbara Ranck; Phoebe, who married Jacob Overholtzer ; and Susanna, who married Isaac Schnader. We have the following record of the children Isaac and Susanna (Weaver) Schnader left : (i) Solomon Schnader married Elizabeth Jane Crawford, a daughter of James and Mary (Both- well) Crawford, who came to this country from County Tyrone, Ireland, about the year 1800, and settled in what is now Crawford county, Ohio. Their children are : Edward L. Snader, an actor of prominence on the American stage, whose wife is Fanny Mclntyre, a celebrated singer and actress; and Susie Snader, wife of William Duncan, of Bloomfield, Ohio. (2) Mary Ann Schnader is the wife of 'John Spatz, a manufacturer of Mohnsville, Berks Co., Pa. Their children are : Emma, wife of Jeremiah Mohn, a manufacturer of Reading, Pa. ; Isaac S., a manu- facturer of Mohnsville, Berks Co., Pa., who married Ellen Gring; Annie S., wife of Aaron Warner, a farmer of Mohnsville, Pa. ; and Sue, wife of Monroe Killian, of Mohnsville, Pennsylvania. (3) Susanna Schnader became the wife of Hiram D. Mohn, of Reading, Pa., and their children are: Frances, wife of John Robinson, of Reading, Pa.; Emma, unmarried, of Reading; Harvey D., who married Clara Hempfield, and resides in Reading; and Martin, Aaron and Elizabeth, all of whom are unmarried and live in Reading. (4) William D. Snader married Emily L. Weiler, a daughter of Levi and Mary (Weaver) Weiler, and their children are : Suetta Snader, wife of Dr. A. V. Walters, of Brownstown, Pa. ; and William D. Snader, an employe at the County Hospital, Lan- caster. (5) Aaron Weaver Snader, the youngest child of Isaac and Susanna (Weaver) Schnader, whose portrait appears herewith, was born in East Earl township, Lancaster Co., Pa., on the old Schneider homestead, Feb. 23, 1844. He spent the first sev- enteen years of his life on his father's farm, during which time he attended the public school of the neighborhood during the winter. At the age of sev- enteen years he commenced teaching school, which profession he followed for twelve years. When not teaching, during the summer months, he worked on his father's farm, with the exception of two short sessions during which he attended a select private school taught by Amos liorst, at Hinkletown, Lan- caster Co., Pa., and one session at the Millersville State Normal School. In 1870 he was registered as a law student with Hon. John B. Livingston, at Lan- caster, Pa. He still continued teaching, pursuing his legal studies during such leisure time as he could spare. In 1871 his preceptor was elected Judge. Mr. Snader continued his legal studies with Philip D. Baker, Esq., and was admitted to practice May 23, 1873. After remaining in the office of his pre- ceptor a little over a year he removed to New Hol- land, Lancaster county, where he has resided up to the present time (1903), and where he still continues the practice of his profession. In 1876 he was. elected justice of the peace. In 1877 he was elected sur- veyor of Lancaster county. In 1880 he was elected a member of the House of Representatives of Penn- O^lcuaJIA, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 111 sylvania, and was re-elected in 1882 and 1902. In 188 1 he assisted in organizing the New Holland Na- tional Bank, and was a director of said institution ior seven years. In 1883 he assisted in organizing the Earl Mutual Fire Insurance Company, and has been its president for twenty years. In 1894 he as- sisted in the organization of 'the New Holland Water Company, and has served as president of said com- pany to the present time (1903). He was a member of the Earl township school board one year, and has served as treasurer of the New Holland borough school board from its organization, in 1895, to the present time. Mr. Snader is a member of the Penn- sylvania German Society. In 1874 he became a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and has represented his lodge (No. 413) in the ■Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania for the last ten years. He is a confirmed member of the Refomied Church, as were all his paternal ancestors. In 1875 Mr. Snader was married to Sarah White Hufman, a daughter of Jonathan and Margaret (White) Hufman. Their children are: Edward White Snader, at home ; Isaac Hufman Snader, who is a salesman ; and Margaret, at home. The Hufman family, to which Mrs. A. W. Snader belongs, was founded in this country by her great- grandparents, who came to America from Wales, where three of their children were born. Rev. David Hufman, one of their children born in America, was a farmer by occupation, and a local preacher of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He was born Jan. 7, 1769, and died May 26, 1855. His wife was Eliza- "beth Williams, a daughter of Capt. Williams, of the Revolution. She died Aug. 9, 1843. Both are buried in the M. E. churchyard at Geigertown, Berks Co., Pa. The Williams family came to this country from England. The children of Rev. David and Elizabeth (Williams) Hufman were: John, who married Abigail Cramp ; William, who married Sarah Cramp ; Hannah, wife of John Geiger ; Henry, who married Marv Walters; Catherine, wife of Michael Hoffman; Ann, wife of Michael Sands; Jonathan, who married Margaret White ; Elizabeth, wife of George Ireson ; and Matilda R., wife of Peter Brown. Jonathan Hufman, seventh child of Rev. David and Elizabeth (Williams) Hufman, was born in Berks county, Pa., and was a farmer and butcher by ■occupation. He received the average schooling af- forded boys in his day. He married Margaret White, who was born Oct. 5, 181 1, daughter of John and Sarah (De Haven) White, and died in 1882. They had a family of ten children : George, now de- ceased ; Elizabeth Ann, who married Peter Hart, of Reading, Pa. ; Henry, deceased, who was a soldier in the Civil war; Harriet, deceased; Sarah White, Mrs Aaron W. Snader ; John E., a farmer of Berks countv Mary, Mrs. H. Rhoads, of Reading ; Emma, wife of Martin Wickline, of Reading; Hannah, who died when young ; and William, who , died when young. The father of this family died in 1874. The De Haven family, from which Mrs. Mar- garet (White) Hufman is descended on her mother's side, was founded in America by Herman De Haven, who came to this country in 1706 from France, and settled near Philadelphia, Pa., near which city the De Havens came to own large tracts of land. They were Huguenots, and left their country because of religious persecution. Mrs. Snader traces her line from Herman De Haven through his son Edward and the latter's son Herman, who was her great- grandfather. He married Susannah Miller, of Reading, Pa., and they had eight children: John's whereabouts were unknown; James married Ann Ranck ; Edward married Ann Thompson ; Abraham wedded Agnes Thompson, sister of Ann ; Isaac mar- ried Hannah Miller (they were the ancestors of the De Havens of Pittsburg, the famous iron men) ; Hannah married John Keemer; Alice married Thomas Lincoln; Sarah married John White, and they were the grandparents of Mrs. Aaron W. Sna- der. John and Sarah White both died when near middle life. They were the parents of nine children : Harmon, of whom nothing is known ; Susan, who died young ; Edward De Haven, who married Mar- garet Ammon; Margaret, who married Jonathan Hufman, father of Mrs. Aaron W. Snader; Dr. John De Haven, of Philadelphia, who married Mary Meredith ; Elizabeth, wife of William Pierce ; Will- iam, who married Margaret Hough; Harriet, wife of Robert Baldwin, of Lancaster county, who served in both houses of the State Legislature ; and Sarah Ann, who married Peter Fernbaugh, of Carlisle, Pennsylvania. JACOB ESHLEMAN came to America and landed at Philadelphia from the ship "Morton- house," James Coultas, master, Aug. 19, 1729. He was born July 4, 1710, and was twice married, his first wife having been Barbara Barr, and his second, Catharine Eshleman. He had issue by his first wife, one son, who was named Jacob, and who was born Nov. 7, 1742, and who died June 13, 1813. Jacob, the son, married Barbara Gfoff, a daugh- ter of Jacob Groff and his wife, Barbara, who had been a Brackbill. He had children as follows: Jacob, born Feb. 20, 1768, married Mary Brockbill; John, born May 17, 1770, married first, Mary Weaver, and second, Alice Groff; Susan, born April II, 1776, married Henry Brackbill; Fannie, born June 26, 1778, married Joseph Potts ; Benjamin, born Oct. 5, 1782, married Fannie Herr; David, born April 15. 1784, married Mary Groff; Barbara, born Jan. 13, 1789, married Jacob Bauchman; and Maria, iaorn March 16, 1791, married David Miller. GOV. SIMON SNYDER was born at Lan^ caster, in November, 1759. He was a member of the State convention which framed the Constitution of 1790. In 1797 he was elected to the Legislature of Pennsylvania, and was reelected so often that he served for eleven years. In 1802 he was chosen 112 BIOGRAPHIC'VL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY speaker of the House of Representatives. Most of the time that he was in the Legislature Lancaster was the Capital of Pennsylvania. In 1808 he was elected Governor of the State, and was reelected in 181 1, and again in 1814, so that he was Gov- ernor nine years. During his administration the State Capital was removed from- Lancaster to Har- risburg. He died in 1820. JOHN FRANKLIN MEGINNESS, to whom the inception of this biographical history of Lan- caster county is due, was born July 17, 1827, in Colerain township, Lancaster county. He came of Irish ancestry. In his sketch of the Meginness fam- ily, published in 1891, an attempt is made to prove his ancestors were descendants from one of the early Irish kings. His parents were Benjamin and Sarah Meginness. His boyhood was passed upon his fa- ther's farm, and his vigorous frame and constitu- tion were largely the result of the hardy out-of-door life of his early years. His opportunities for secur- ing an education were confined to the schools of the neighborhood, and of these he availed himself to the greatest possible extent, a love of learning and read- ing being life long characteristics. In May, 1843, Mr. Meginness accompanied his parents to Illinois, whither they removed with their family. But he found the new Western home uncon- genial, and five months later turned his face toward the home of his boyhood, not, however, before hav- ing gained fresh experiences in the school of life while making sundry boat trips between St. Louis and New Orleans. Coming eastward, the distance between Chambersburg and Wheeling was traversed on foot. The winter of 1844 was spent in the old home, among relatives, and in attending school. In the spring of 1845 he was working in the Montour Iron Works, at Danville, Pa., from which place he enlisted, on April 9, 1847, in the 5th U. S. Infantry, for service in the war with Mexico. The captain of the company, afterward Gen. Randolph B. Marcy, selected him as clerk in his office. Mr. Megiiiness's company reached Vera Cruz July 20, 184.7, ^nd soon took up the line of march to join the forces under Gen. Scott. He participated in the engagements that preceded the capture of the City of Mexico, which place he entered with the American army Dec. 7, 1847. He always took pride in having made the march from Vera Cruz to the City of Mexico, and back again to Vera Cruz, carry- ing all his equipments, without ever having fallen out of line. He acted as clerk of his company during the entire period of his service. His early fondness for literary work is shown in the fact that he kept a journal of all those early experiences. His term of service having expired with the war, he was discharged at East Pascagoula, Miss., in August, 1848. Mr. Meginness at once returned to Montour county, Pa., and a little later went to Jersey Shore, Lycoming county, where he successfully conducted a public school through two terms. On Oct. 25, 1849, he was married to Miss Martha Jane King, of the same county, taking up his residence at Jersey Shore. Ten children were born of this union. Mr. Meginness began his journalistic career oa June 9, 1852, by becoming the editor of the Jersey Shore Republican, a weekly newspaper, which he conducted until it was sold by its owners in 1854. In June, of that year, he, in conjunction with S. S. Seeley, founded The News Letter. A year later he- he retired from the paper. But the literary instinct was strong within him, and he at once set to work on a history of the West Branch Valley of the Susque- hanna, and so vigorously did he apply himself to the task that the book made its appearance in 1858. It was the pioneer history of that portion of Pennsyl- vania. A revised and greatly enlarged edition of the work appeared in 1889. The editorship of The- Sentinel, a weekly paper published at Peru, 111., was- offered to him in 1857. He accepted the position,, and with his family moved to that place. Two years- later the office was burned down, and he was again without a job. Having made the acquaintance of Stephen A. Douglas, the young editor through his influence secured a position on the Springfield Daily- Register, during the Lincoln-Douglas campaign. At its close he was oifered the editorship of the Specta- tor, at Carlinville, 111., accepted it, and two years later became the sole owner. Then came the war of the Rebellion. All things came to a standstill. He sold his paper at a sacrifice, and once more returned to Pennsylvania. In the winter of 1862 Mr. Meginness received' an appointment as quartermaster's clerk at Alexan- dria, Va. He was later made chief clerk of the Bu- reau of Transportation, at that point, a very re- sponsible position which he resigned to accept an appointment in the Division of Referred Claims, in' the Paymaster General's Office at Washington. Remaining in this place only a few months, he was transferred to a first-class clerkship in the third Auditor's office, of the Treasury Department. Later- he was transferred to the Second Comptroller's office, Treasury Department, and remained in that position until June i, 1869, when he finally left the Government, after several years of faithful service. Once more Mr. Meginness went to Williams- port, Pa., where he became managing editor of the daily Lycoming Gazette, in 1869. Upon the con- solidation of that journal with the Bulletin he was appointed city editor. Changes in ownership again made Mr. Meginness editor-in-chief, which position he held from 1872 until 1889, when, worn down by hard literary labor, he resigned for a rest. In ad- dition to his labors on the paper he had also, in 1888, begun a monthly, the Historical Journal, devoted to- local history, biography and necrology, which at- tained a self-supporting circulation. But his pen was never idle. After his retirement from the field' of journalism he undertook an extended biography of the stolen girl, Frances Slocum, who had been? Aw Uyvi^^>Cu ('^KTc^i:^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 118 carried off by the Indians. This required much laborious research, including two journeys to Indiana for conference with the Indian descendants of the lost maiden. The book was a successful one. Mr. Meginness traveled extensively, visiting many distant parts of the United States, also the island of Cuba. During the last thirty years of his life many letters and sketches by him appeared "in the principal journals of Philadelphia and New York. His published writings number about twenty volumes, nearly all of a historical and biographical nature. While it may not be said that he was a great historian, it is nevertheless a fact that few men have done more for the early history of Penn- sylvania. He had the true historic instinct, and was indefatigable in his search for new materials. It would be difficult to name one still living who has done so much, tie early adopted the pen name "John of Lancaster,'"' and by it he and his writings became widely known throughout the State of Pennsylvania. Socially Mr. Meginness was a man of strong and attractive personality. The writer of this sketch knew him long and well, and can bear testimony to his estimable traits of mind and heart. His great stores of historical information were always at the command of his friends. His latest literary project was the preparation of this Biographical History of Lancaster county, his birthplace, and no one who knew him thought that he, too, would form the sub- ject of a sketch in it. Apparently in the most vigor- ous health, he was stricken without a moment's warning, just as he entered his own home from a visit to Harrisburg, on the night of Nov. ii, 1899, and while showing to his Avife a completed, printed copy of his own creating, recounting the incidents of their Golden Wedding, which had been celebrated two weeks previous. — [F. R. D. JAMES MADISON WALKER, a prominent member of the Lancaster Bar with office in the Grant Law Building, North Duke street, descends from an old English family, the head of which was Anthony Walker, of St. Andrews Wardrobbe, London. The origin of the family dates, so far as is known, back to the sixteenth century from one DeForrester, a King's forester. A descendant adopted the name of Anthony Walker, from his occupation, a walker of the royal forests. This member died May 11, 1590, leaving an estate to be divided among his heirs, one of whom was Thomas Walker, Esq., of Westmins- ter, who held various positions and titles of honor, among them Usher of the Court of Exchange, marked Proclamator and Baron of the Court of Common Pleas. He died Oct. 12, 1613, leaving a son, Clement Walker, Esq., of Middle Temple Hy- don. County Somerset, who had special livery of his father's lands; he died in 1651. • John Walker, his son, celebrated as the one to introduce the system of fallowing land and of revis- ing wheat crops more thoroughly than formerly, 8 was a man of great intelligence who set an example of superior farm culture greatly needed at that per- iod. He married into the ancient family of Heneage, descendants of Sir Robert Heneage, mentioned in history as living during the reign of Henry III, in the thirteenth century. The Heneage coat of arms was conferred upon the Walker family by this marriage. . The family belonged to the Established Church. Lewis Walker, a descendant, became a follower of George Fox, the Quaker' and was disowned by his relatives and deprived of government honors ; or as said by some one at the time, "he laid down these honors conferred by government." Lewis Walker left England about 1684, and com- ing to Pennsylvania settled at, or near, Valley Forge, Chester county, on one thousand acres of land pur- chased from his friend and co-laborer in the Quaker faith, William Penn. Asahel Walker, Esq. (2), son of Asahel Walker (i), was born Feb. 7, 1788, in Sadsbury township, and being a man of energy and ability set an example of thrift derived from his English ancestors. Asahel was the grand uncle of James M. Walker. He held office in the county, and married Sarah Coates, daughter of Samuel Coates, of Chester Valley, near Coatesville, the family being of English origin. Mrs, Coates had six brothers : Warrick, Samuel, Levi, Joseph, George and Eichard. Samuel and Levi were ministers of the Society of Friends; Joseph was a doctor and practiced at Downingtown, Chester coun- ty. Asahel Walker (2) died Dec. 5, 1856 ; and his wife, Sarah, died May S, 1869, in her seventy-eighth year. They had children : Anna, married to William P. Cooper, 1838 ; Susanna, married to Moses Pow- nall, 1838 ; Susanna, widow, married to Pusey Bar- nard, i860; Phebe, married to William P. Cooper, 1848 ; Sarah, married to D. D. Linville, 1849 J Sam- uel, married to Sarah L. Harris, 1855; Asahel (3), not married; Joseph C, married to Lucy H. Ell- maker, 1856; Mary Alice, married to Alfred Ell- maker, 1856 ; Margaretta, married to Frank J. Pen- nock, 1859; Asahel Walker (i), Asahel (2), and Asahel (3) successively owned and occupied an an- cient stone mansion house historic on account of its associations with Revolutionary times, and the no- torious Doane boys. Isaac Walker, a son of Isaac Walker (brotlier of Asahel Walker (2) ), was born in Sadsbury town- ship. Pa., Jan. 27, 1808. He was the son of Isaac and Deborah CDickinson) Walker, grandson of Asahel and Anna (Moore) Walker, the great-grand- son of Isaac and Sarah (Jarman) Walker, and the great-great-grandson of Lewis and Mary (Morris) Walker. The English genealogy is given in the bio- graphical sketch, of the Walker family in the Bio- graphical History of Lancaster county. Lewis Walker came originally from the Scottish border, but directly from Wales. He first settled in Philadelphia, but soon after purchased one thou- sand acres from William Penn and moved to Valley Forge. He built the first stone house at the place. 114 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and it still stands though in altered form. He do- nated ground for a Quaker meeting-house and ceme- tery. Washington used the house for his quarters, and the church was made a hospital. The land is still owned by Walker's descendants, all of whom have been Friends. Isaac Walker was married Nov 2, 1831, to Eliza Ann, daughter of Abner and Mercy Kinsey Brooke, of .Sadsbury. She came of highly respected people, early settlers of Montgomery and Bucks counties. Eleven children were born as follows : Anna Maria ; Mary Louisa ; Isaac Buchanan ; Eliza Josephine ; Mercv Brooke ; James Madison ; Esther Jane ; Sarah Frances ; Abner Brooke and Deborah Dickinson, twins ; and Isaac Lewis. James Madison W'alker, a well known attorney descended from this family, was educated in the public schools of his home, and later at the State Normal School at Millersville. He left school just before graduation to get married, afterward teaching in Colerain, Bart, Eden, and Drumore townships. While also serving as a justice of the peace in Col- erain he read law with Alexander Harris, Esq., and received much help from Hon. Judge Livingston, who gave him access to his library and directed his studies. Admitted to practice in 1879, he was later on admitted to the Supreme and Superior courts. Returning to the Gap in 1886 he has since resided there. He was a notary public for six years, and postmaster under President Cleveland's second term. He held the full term, Congressman Brosius, a per- sonal friend from normal school days, preventing his removal. Mr. Walker was associated with the District Attorney in the celebrated Barney Short murder trial, Mr. Brosius being counsel for de- fence. Mr. Walker married Eliza Fawkes, daughter of Samuel and Phoebe (Hood) Fawkes, the father being a well known farmer of Sadsbury township, and brother of Joseph, inventor of the steam plow. The following children have been born to this union : Isaac Hampton, an electrician who died in Phila- delphia in iQOi, in his thirtieth year; William E., farming his father's farm in Sadsbury township, a very fertile hundred acre tract, part of the thou- sand acre "Penn Tract ;" James Marshall, electrician at Gap engaged in electric and telephone supply business ; and Joseph Louis, engaged with Town- send & Co.. of Smyrna, having also served four years as his father's assistant as postmaster. Mr. Walker lives in a lovely home at the Gap, spending one or two days a week in Lancaster at- tending to his large law practice. His residence commands a fine view of the magnificent Gap scenery, the famed Pequea Valley, etc. He is also almost within view of the country seat of his old friend ex-Attorney General W. U. Hensel, whos? sketch will be found elsewhere. Mr. Walker is a Democrat and as such has served his party in numer- ous conventions, etc. He is a Master Mason, being a member of the Christiana Lodge, No. 417, F. & A. M. Mr. Walker rather inclines in his religious views toward the Friends, but is not a member. He is highly esteemed by all who know him for his in- tegrity, kindness and liberality. DANA GRAHAM. Prominent in the business circles of Lancaster for a period of years prior to 1888, was Dana Graham, whose widow, Mrs. Lucy M. Graham, together with her family, still survive him, highly esteemed members of the society of the city. Dana Graham was born in Townsend, Mass., May 9, 1821, and cHed in Lancaster, Pa., April 14, 1888. He was the- son of Samuel and Asenath (Adams) Graham of that place, and where the parents continued to reside until their death. The father, who was born in Townsend, Dec. 20, 1795, was a cooper by trade ; his wife was born on July 19. 1802. They reared a large family to maturity, six of whom are now living. Dana, the gentleman whose honored name heads this paragraph, was the eldest of the family ; then followed Asenth, widow of George Gibson, who lives in New York State; Eldridge, of Persia, Iowa; Elima, Cynthia, Eliakim, W^arren and Samuel W., who are deceased ; Samuel A., who lives in California ; George, a Massachusetts farmer ; Martha, the widow of George Merriam, Newton, Mass. ; and Emily F., of Springfield, Ohio. The mother of this family was the daughter of John and Asenath Adams, the former born April 7, 1777, the latter Dec. 27, 1779. Dana Graham was born as stated and reared in his native town, receiving a fairly good education in the public schools. In young manhood he was ap- prenticed to the comb-making trade in the town of Leominster, Mass., and where he remained until Oct. 25, 1850. He then in connection with a gentle- man by the name of John Shaffner, engaged in busi- ness in Lancaster Pa., and which was continued un- til the firm was broken by the death of Mr. Shaflfner. Mr. Graham then reorganized the firm with his old- est son as a partner, and continued the business. He was a gentleman who took a prominent position in the community, and his fine ability was recogpiized by his fellow citizens, whom he served on the board of aldermen for five years, and in the common council two terms. He was active, in the local political life of his city, having been a stanch supporter of Re- publican principles. In fraternal affiliation he was an active and worthy member of the Independent Or- der of Odd Fellows, and also a member of the Encampment, was a high degree Mason and be- longed to the Junior O. U. A. M. On Jan. 19, 1848, in Northfield, Vt., Dana Gra- ham was happily joined in marriage to Miss Lucy M. Grant, who was born in Berlin, Vt., a daughter of Azariah and Phoebe (Vose) Grant, formerly of Charlestown, Mass., where Mr. Grant was a school- teacher; both the parents passed away in Ber- lin, Vt. To the marriage of Dana Graham were born the following children : Ella V. died in in- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 115 fancy ; Ella V. (2) died at the age of twenty years ; Lina L. married Joseph Herzog, a liveryman at Lancaster, Pa. ; Emma C, a trained nurse, resides at home; John S. is a hotel proprietor, Lancaster, Pa. ; Dana B. died at the age of three years ; Dana H. is a comb manufacturer at Lancaster, Pa. ; Har- riet E. died in infancy ; Grant A. lives in Lancaster, Pa. ; and Charles died in infancy. Mrs. Graham is •a lady of fine mold of character, hospitable and genial in her home life, and has been a splendid mother to her large family of children, who are much devoted to her. In maternal lines Mrs. Graham is a direct •descendant of Robert Vose, who with his wife, Anna, ;settled in Maiden, Mass., in 1650; his eldest son Samuel taught school in Charteston, S. C, and -served imdcr W'ashington in the Revolutionary war. Samuel's son. Rev. Robert Vose, a Methodist min- ister, was Mrs. Graham's grandfather. Mrs. Gra- liam is a leading member of the St. John's Episcopal Church of Lancaster, and is much interested in the •charitable and religious work of the church. Both she a,nd her family receive the good offices of a large circle of friends, whom they delight to enter- tain in their pleasant and commodious home. PETER J. ROEBUCK, M. D., of Lititz, one of "the most successful practitioners of medicine in Lan- caster county, is called "Senator" as frequently as , ""Doctor," for he was State Senator from the North- ■«rn District of Lancaster county ; and although now •completely and absolutely devoted to his profession, and not a political aspirant in any sense, he is still among the foremost Republicans of the county. Dr. Roebuck's grandfather was of German par- ventage, and settling in Lebanon county, Pa., became a, prominent farmer. His wife was a Miss Sholly, •of Lebanon county, and to their union were born six •children, among whom was Jacob Roebuck. Jacob Roebuck was born Jan. 14, 1807, and spent "his early days on the parental estate. In early man- liood he wa.s married to Sarah, daughter of Ludwig ^''engst, of Lebanon, and they had a family of eleven •children, all of whom are yet living. The father of this interesting family was in his more active days an ardent Whig, and became a Republican in his later years ; in religion he was a devout member of the Reformed Church. He remained a farmer to the day of his death, which occurred Sept. 5, 1877. Peter J. Roebuck, son of Jacob, was born in Dau- -phin county Dec. 10, 1838, and remained with his parents until he reached the age of ten years, when he entered the home of an uncle, that he might have "Jbetter educational opportunities than his native com- munity presented. When he was somewhat older lie spent two years in the store of John Bruner, and •six months in a store in Dauphin, after which he returned to the farm to recuperate his failing health. After a time he resumed his studies, and finally be- -came a student in the Annville Academy, taking up teaching after leaving that school. When he was aiineteen vears of age he entered the office of Dr. J. Seller, of Grantville, Dauphin county, to prepare for the profession of medicine. After spending three years with him Dr. Roebuck entered the Med- ical Department of the University of Pennsylvania, from which he was graduated in i860. That year he located at Derry Church, Dauphin county, where he practiced his profession until 1867, in which year he removed to Ohio, where he spent two years. After his return to this State he located at Lititz, and there he has resided to the present time, in the enjoyment of a practice hardly second to that 01 any physician of Lancaster county. In recent years his practice has become so heavy that he has felt the need of an associate, taking into his practice, in that capacity, his nephew, Dr. John Paul Roebuck, a son of Dr. John Henry Roebuck, a practicing phy- sician of Bethlehem. This young man graduated from the Medico-Chirnrgical College, Philadelphia, in 1899, going immediately thereafter to Lititz, to assist his uncle. Dr. Peter J. Roebuck is justly regarded as one of the most skilled physicians and surgeons in his part of the county, and has established more than a local reputation as an oculist. He is a member of the Lancaster City and County Medical Society, of the State Medical Society, and of the American Medical Association. In politics he is an ardent Republican, and began to take an active interest in political af- fairs as early as 1873, when the adoption of the new constitution for the State was under discussion. This interest culminated in his election as State senator, and his re-election the following election. So ex- cellent was his record that he was strongly urged for Congressional honors in 1878. Dr. Roebuck was married, Sept. 3, 1864, to Miss Emma J., daughter of Samuel H. Thome, M. D., of Palmyra, Pa., whose ancestors belonged to the Scotch-Irish settlers of Pennsylvania, early making their home in Lancaster county. Dr. Roebuck is known as a generous and public- spirited citizen of Lititz, and his presentation of a magnificent drinking fountain to the borough of Lititz stamped his character as a benefactor of the town. The formal presentation occurred Oct. 3, 1895, the presentation speech being made by A. F. Hostetter, of Lancaster, and the speech of acceptance on the part of the borough being made by Charles I. Landes, now a judge of the county. An illustra- tion of this beautiful fountain was published in the Lancaster New Era at the time, and a fine souvenir leaflet, containing the illustration, and the speeches connected with' the ceremony, was printed. The plot of land lying between the "Springs Hotel" and the Springs grounds belongs to the borough, and Was a part of the original farm of 600 acres on which the early settlers established Lititz. An ordinance setting apart this plot of ground for the fountain, forever, was prepared by A. F. Hostetter, and passed by the town council Aug. 20, 1895. The fountain is of bronze metal, and most beautiful in design. It is surrounded with concrete pavement and curbing. 116 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and the basin is also of concrete. Triangular plots of grass, enclosed with concrete coping, give a charming effect, and three powerful electric lights make it a veritable "thing of beauty." Two of the large posts have spigots from which the water is drawn, and in front of the fountain is a drinking trough for beasts. Hidden within the concrete pave- ment that surrounds the fountain is a receptacle for ice, a place where a huge lump of ice is placed on top of the water pipes, which are here laid in coils, thus offering to all in the heated term delicious spring water, cooled by the ice, and yet not touched by it — carrying out the highest hygienic principle for drinking water. In 1901 the Doctor became one of the insti- gators and founders of the Farmers' National Bank of Litit7, becoming its first president. The institu- tion stands with a capital of $60,000. They have erected a fine building for the business, and it is safe to say that their counting room is one of the finest in the county. Possessing personal magnetism in a marked de- gree, endowed with rare conversational powers, en- thusiastic in all that he does, and liberal, though firm, in his acts. Dr. Roebuck has been a power for good wherever his busy life has passed, and especial- ly to the people of Lititz, in whose welfare he has shown enduring interest. JOHN McCASKEY. There are branches of the McCaskey family in different parts of Pennsylvania and the Western States, some who came very early in the history of the country, and all doubtless of Scotch and Scotch-Irish origin. It is not unlikely that they came originally from the beautiful region of Caskieben, in the County of Inverness, bordering on Moray Firth, Scotland, the home of the clans Mac- pherson, FrazciT, Grant, MacKenzie, MacDonald and ■others. The name comes down like many another from prehistoric times. "Mac" is the old Scotch way of saying "son of," so that "McCaskey" means simply "son of Caskey," and the name appears in both forms in many parts of the country. John McCaskey came to Lancaster county from Castle Blaney, County Monaghan, Ireland, about the year 1795. His ancestors emigrated from Scotland to Ireland probably a hundred and fifty years before that time. He was the oldest son and a freeholder, inheriting through his father, William McCaskey, who had been a soldier in the British service in America during the war of the Revolution, and was a man of means and energy. At his death John was left the responsible head of the family. After his marriage to Margaret Gorman and the birth of his eldest son he decided to emigrate to America. The family party included his three brothers, William, James and Hugh, all of them men of character, and John Henry and Thomas Gorman, his brothers-in- law. His brothers and Henry Gorman finally set- tled in Western Pennsylvania and Ohio. He settled in Leacock township, near the old Leacock meeting- house, north of Gordonville and west of Intercourse. He had been brought up in the Presbyterian Church, as became a good Scotch-Irishman, and was one of the prominent men of this congregation, his large family forming for many years no inconsiderable part of its membership. In this graveyard he is bur- ied. In the same ship with him came a number of friends, William Spencer and others, also of the Pres- byterian faith, who settled in and near Strasburg, Lancaster county. He became one of the best known men of his time in his locality. His chief business was that of drover, for many years upon a very large scale. As drover and farmer he accumulated what in his day was regarded a handsome fortune. Though he never learned to read or write he carried his large business in his accurate memory, and had the repu- tation of being one of the most honest men in his community, respected by everybody as a generous man of stanch integrity, undaunted courage, and marked force of character. He owned two valuable farms near Leacock meeting-house, one of them be- ing his own home, the other that of his son, William. He had ten children, three sons and seven daughters. The sons were James, born in Ireland, who was killed at the age of thirteen by the kick of a horse ; John, who died when about thirty-five years of age, leav- ing a son, John, also dead; and William, who sur- vived him. His daughters were Jane, who married Thomas Downey, and had one son and four daugh- ters ; Sarah married John Galbraith, and died early ; Agnes married Job Barefoot, and had four sons and four daughters : Margaret, who married James S. White, and had two sons and one daughter, is now (1Q03) in her ninety- fourth year, the only surviving member of the family, and has for many years made her home with her nephew, Dr. J. P. McCaskey, of Lancaster ; Mary married James Whiteside, and had two sons and one daughter; Eliza married Andrew White, and had one son and three daughters; and Matilda, who married James Moore, had' one son. William McCaskey married Margaret Piersol in February, 1836. Their children are John Piersol, publisher of the Pennsylvania School Journal and principal of the Lancaster High School, who married Ellen M. Chase, and has had five sons and two daugh- ters : Joseph Barr, dentist, who married Fannie Con- nell, and has two sons and one daughter ; William Spencer, colonel of the 20th U. S. Infantry, who mar- ried Eleanor Garrison, and has had four sons and two daughters ; Cyrus Davis, who married Harriet Bricker, and has one son and three daughters ; James Newton, dentist, who married Mary Hamaker; Catharine Wilson, wife of James H. Marshall, who has two sons and four daughters; and Margaret Salome, who married Llewellyn Spohn, and has two daughters. The children of John, the oldest son of William, are five sons and two daughters : Edward William, a graduate of West Point and captain in the regular service; Richard Douglas, dentist, of Lan- caster : Walter Bogardus, graduate of the Pennsyl- vania State College and lieutenant in the regular The words of Hail Columbia were written by Joseph Hopldnson in Philadelphia, in 1798, for the President's March, then a very popular air. The Star Spangled Banner was written in Baltimore in 1814 by Francis Scott Key, and adapted to an old French air long known in England as "Anacreon in Heaven," and later in America as "Adams and Liberty." My Country, tis of Thee, writfen in Boston in 1832 by Samuel F. Smith, was set by Lowell Mason to the music of the old tune God Save the Queen. The words of Flag of the Free, here gi'en, go well to the Wedding March in Loheii- grin. there is always room for a new song that has in it anything to suggest the thought of country, to stir pride in the flag, to quicken the oatriotic heart-beat. This music is distinctive in character and known throughout the world, and the sonjr is already sung very widely. FLAG OF THE FREE. Steady Time. J. P. McCaskey. March from Lohengrin. ^pggi^gi^^^pig FJag of the Free! fair- est to see! Borne thro' the strife and the thunder of war, Ban-ner so 2. Flag of the Free! all turn lo thee, — Golden thy stars in the blue of their sky! Flag of the 3. Flag of the brave, long may it wave ! Chosen of God while His might we a - dore. High in the >. -^ J -^.-g - -g- ■ S-Stlt CAo. — Flag of the Free, all hail to thee! Floating the fair -est on o-cean or shore. Loud ring the P^^ggi^^ ^ bright with star - ry light, brave ! foes let them rave,- van, for manhood of man. ^- 9- Float ev - er proudly from mountain to shore. ■Crimson thy bars floating gai - ly on high ! Symbol of Right thro' the years passing o'er; [Final ending. . ] =N---te ^^^ii^^^^a m ± i^=g: te cry, ne'er let it die, " Un - ion and Lib - er - ty [Omit. ] now,ev er-more!" ^^^^m Izfe^s^y Em - pire of jus - tice, em - pire of law ; Matchless thy beau - ty on land or wave. Flower of the a ges, fade nev - er - more ! Sa ges of old thy com - ing fore-saw, Splendid thy sto ry, might - y to save. Flower of the a - ges, promised of vore, ^1^ W zM=it- ^1=1 :lff= _-pi-.^ff- _-g: ^ !S ■^^=^ 1^=^ rt!=^ -Jz '^M^^^^^^m^^ Flag of our fa - thers ! round all the Heroes have borne thee aloft in the Emblem of Free - dom, " Ma ny in fe^- -B«— S-«- tt^!^-. .,r^ m :*rpi world Blest of the millions wher-ev - er un - furled; fray, Foemen who scorned thee have all passed a - way ; One," O'er thee thine ea - gle, bird of the sun ; ^^= =P=:is: m ifez*: P -i^-t>>-H D.C.for Chorus. r- Ter - ror to ty - rants, hope to the slave Pride of our coun- try, hailed from a - far. All hail, "Old Glory !" hearts leap to see '^^^^^^^ Spread thy fair folds to shield and Ban - ner of Prom ise, lose not a How from the nations the world looks to to save, a star, thee. £*£ gSilSii^iig^l^l^ -i»>-t^- t- ,si^ JOHN PIERSOL McCASKEY. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 117 army ; Donald Gilbert, graduate of the medical de- partment of the University of Pennsylvania; one daughter, Elsa Piersol, at home; and tw^o children deceased. There weve seven grandsons named for him, the eldest in each family. He was a great favor- ite vi^ith his two or three dozen grandchildren, whose parents were expected to bring them all, or as many as convenient, on festal days to the old homestead. The writer tastes yet, after sixty years, the cuts of choice licorice the kind old man was in the habit of sharing out to the little folks whenever he saw any of them. He always kept on hand a stock of the best quality, but cut it too sparingly, we thought. There was both delight and disappointment in it, for it was very good and we never got enough of it, nor were we ever at liberty to ask, like Oliver Twist, for "more." He sees, and feels too, the big, old-fashioned copper cents that '"grandfather" used to count out to him for reading the news of the war with Mexico, the Congressional debates, the messages of the Presi- dent and much besides, as given in the weekly issues ■of the old "Dollar Newspaper." In person he was a man tall, well-proportioned, and of venerable ap- pearance. He was blind in the last years of his life, but to the end directed his business much as usual, keenly alive at the age of seventy-six to matters of private and public interest. JOHN PIERSOL McCASKEY, principal of the Boys' High School, is a man well known in Lancaster. He enjoys all sorts of good things, music, painting, sculpture, literature, the drama, the wonder and beaut)'' of nature, the society of friends — filling the breathing spaces in a busy life with these things to a degree unusual among men. He has worked hard and long, but enjoys his work, and has made it his business to enjoy and get good out of life at every turn. Not many men have seen so much that is worth seeing, heard so much that is •worth hearing, or done so much that is worth doing. He touches literature, music, art work, business, teaching, the work of editor and publisher, with ■equal confidence, good judgment and success. With a wide range of talent, he has lived what Roosevelt would call "the strenuous life," for most marked of all is his talent for work and his unfailing enjoy- ment of it. For forty-seven years Dr. McCaskey has been teaching in the high school of Lancaster, and the Saturday holiday has all the while been his day of largest opportunity. "All days are good," but this has usually been a day for something new — very •often in Philadelphia, and not to be missed — in con- cert or play, at opera, lecture or art exhibition, at times for niany Saturdays in succession. The cost lie has thought of little account as weighed against the pleasure of the trip and the profit of such in- spiration and culture. This is one secret of his power as a teacher — his warm and eager life in the large world of art and literature and music, the Bible and the church. From this rich experience has come endless suggestion for his morning readings and morning talks to the boys on all sorts of subjects, which are recalled by many now grown to manhood as perhaps the very best feature of their profitable life in the high school. Dr. Thomas H. Burrowes once said to him : "You have the strong beginnings of all that is worth getting or worth having in edu- cation or life. You can now go open-eyed where you will, and it depends upon yourself how far you will go and in what direction." He has never lost the impulse given by these hearty words of cheer and ■ encouragement. Dr. McCaskey began teaching in the Boys' High School in 1855, and, with the exception of one year, 1857-58— most of which he spent in the old Evening Express printing office, learn- ing something of the printer's trade that was to mean so much to him afterward — ^he has been in the school ever since, in 1865 becoming its principal. The teachers here, Profs. James C. Gable, Carl Matz, Carl Thorbahn and Miss Mary Martin, have been associated with the school for many years. They are all people of strong individuality, of prac- tical business sense, with interests outside of the school as well as in it, people of character, energy and high rectitude, "good to live with." The school is recognized as of unusual power in its teaching force and in its quickening intellectual and moral atmosphere. There are many in this community who would be glad to know that the Doctor had rounded out his fifty years of useful life here, in one of the best lines of work in the world, and one for which he is especially fitted. He has the unique record of having been present at every one of the fifty or more sessions of the Lancaster County Teachers' Insti- tute since its organization, in January, 1853, the first three sessions as a pupil in the Boys' High School and since as a member of the Institute. For more than thirty years he was its treasurer, until the or- ganization of the Lancaster City Institute. For ten or twelve years he published its proceedings in large pamphlet form with extended reports of lectures, addresses and papers read, and full statistics as to the schools and teachers in the various districts. He joined the Pennsylvania State Teachers' Associa- tion in 1855, at Pittsburg, attended three or four sessions in those early years, and has been at every annual session since 1865. Since 1866, with the ex- ception of one year, he has been secretary of that body. The Pennsylvania School Journal being its official organ, he has given such careful attention to its annual reports of proceedings that, in fullness and accuracy for so many consecutive sessions, they are believed to surpass those of any other like associ- ation in the United States. During the past three years, as secretary, he has also issued a large volume of proceedings of the State Educational Association and its departments, which has been distributed to the members, the edition for the current year being 2,500 copies. In this important work he has, for thirty years, been ably assisted by J. D. Pyott, an 118 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY expert in reporting. He has for some time been the "patriarch" of each of these leading school or- ganizations in county and State, no other man hav- ing been an active nnember for so many years. Dr. McCaskey belongs to St. James' Episcopal Church, has been for forty years or more in regular attendance at the morning service, has been a mem- ber of the vestry since April, 1867, and has added to the memorial wealth of the old parish a window, a tablet in black onyx and gold, a noble granite tomb and other memorials in the churchyard, each a work of art of enduring value. Dr. McCaskey was one of the original stock- holders of the Inquirer Printing Company, now the Wickersham Company, and for many years its secretary. He was also one of the original mem- bers of the Adams and Perry Watch Company, and for twenty years stood by that hard-fought enter- prise, through its various changes and reorganiza- tions, with all the money he could put into it, being secretary of the several companies organized after the first year or two of failure and disappointment. When the final crash came he was the third largest stockholder and lost very heavily — what would seem a handsome fortune to most men. He laughs and says he has, by this time, with increase of value at ordinary rate of interest, at least $40,000 buried in the foundations of that great enterprise that pays no dividend beyond the gratification of seeing it a suc- cessful local industry. He is now, we believe, the only stockholder in the new Hamilton Watch Com- pany who came through the heroic struggle of the old companies that sunk nearly half a million dollars to make a good foundation for the great and suc- cessful enterprise that has succeeded them. The Doctor had much much to do with the in- troduction of Arbor Day into Pennsylvania, which has led to the planting of millions of trees, observ- ing the day in his own school before that time, pub- lishing in The School Journal many articles upon the subject, and being closely associated with Dr. E. E. Higbee, its editor-in-chief, who, as State super- intendent of public instruction, introduced the ob- servance of the day, and made it semi-annual. The Boys' Pligh School, of which he is principal, has for each of our thirty-seven consecutive Arbor Days had its attractive programme of music and literary ex- ercises, adapted to the occasion, each day planting more trees than it has had pupils enrolled except once, when roses were planted in memory of Dr. E. E. Higbee. It has thus far planted more than 6,000 trees. He has all the while used The Pennsylvania School Journal as an influential agency in encour- aging this good work. This periodical, being sent regularly to each of the twenty-five hundred school districts in Pennsylvania and to many superintend- ents, school directors, teachers and others who are centres of suggestion and influence in their locali- ties throughout the State, has been for many years a leading factor in creating public opinion favorable to tree-planting and forestry. We do not know of any other publication that has been doing better work in this vital direction. His memorial work in honor of Dr. Thomas H. Burrowes, Dr. E. E. Hig- bee, Hon. Thaddeus Stevens, Hon. Samuel Breck (author of the School Law of Pennsylvania), and other school men, has been phenomenal. It includes a noble granite tomb to Dr. Burrowes in St. James'' Episcopal churchyard in Lancaster; a massive me- morial cross to Dr. Higbee, made by the late Herman Strecker ; a bust of Dr. Higbee in bronze, of heroic size ; some twenty-five thousand life-size portraits of Dr. Burrowes, Dr. Higbee and Thaddeus Stevens- distributed to schools in all parts of the State; a memorial volume of tributes from many loving: friends of Dr. Higbee, together with much char- acteristic of the man that he had said and written and done— an extraordinary book, of which 10,000 copies were printed; and pamphlet sketches of Dr. Burrowes and others, of which 50,000 copies have been distributed. As one result of this great work, in which he was the moving and controlling spirit, there have been placed in the state department of Public Instruction, at Harrisburg, under his direc- tion, life-size portraits, richly framed in gold, of the men who had most to do with the founding and de- velopment of our common school system. The mem- ory of what some of these men did for the cause of general education had almost faded from the public mind. He has brought them back to the grateful re- gard of the State, making their faces and their work familiar in the schools and to school men. Whatever deficit there was at any time in the memorial funds^ while the work was in progress, he supplied as need- ed, that everything might be done promptly and well,. Thus his contribution to these funds amounted to not less than $3,000, or more than one-fourth of the fund needed — and in this in addition to the time and labor required. But all was gladly given. In the Dr. Higbee and Dr. Burrowes memorial work he had invaluable assistance from Dr. Nathan C. Schaeffer,. County Superintendents M. J. Brecht, M. G. Brum- baugh and nearly all the county, city and borough superintendents of Pennsylvania. It is said to be the noblest work of its kind "that has ever been done by public school men in honor of public school men. For years Dr. McCaskey has been much inter- ested in the line of good memory work in literature^ which he regards the best work that can be done in any ordinary school of any grade, and in The Penn- sylvania School Journal and otherwise has published very widely the selections memorized weekly in the high school, urging the importance of this subject upon teachers and superintendents. He thinks, "Teachers cannot be too rich in wealth of this kind^ nor toil for it too long or too earnestly. Fair rank in the university of letters is here within reach of all, v/ith or without diploma." He has but one re- gret in this connection — that he has not been doing, regularly and persistently, this best of all school work all his life, both as pupil and teacher. Not being able to find what he wanted for use as a text BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 119 book in this direction, some years ago he compiled the "Lincohi Literary Collection" for his own school. It contains over 600 favorite selections, and is pub- lished by the American Book Company. It would be a good thing for the schools if this book were found in every school library, for confident reference when good things are wanted for reading or reci- tation. Of late years he has been giving attention to the publication of fine engravings, his "Lincoln Art Series" now containing twenty of the. best and most satisfactory things for schools and homes that can be found anywhere. His own school-room is very attractive for its display of good pictures, fine Eng- lish art proofs and others. We doubt whether it can be surpassed anywhere in Pennsylvania. A number of the pictures here are printed from his own plates. Of the "Lincoln Art Series" he has distributed many thousand copies to all parts of the country. The "picture on the wall" is an educating influence, silent but often far-reaching for good or ill. If well chosen, it may become a blessing for gen- erations. The value of pictures such as these upon the walls of schools and homes it is impossible to estimate. He has undertaken to put into the new building of the Young Men's Christian Association of Lancaster a finer collection of engravings and pictures generally than is to be found in any other Y. M. C. A. building in the United States. He is placing them there as a memorial to his mother. They supplement admirably the splendid Cross and Crown memorial window which he has placed in the same building in honor and in grateful memory of Dr. Burrowes and Dr. Higbee, on the first landing of the main stairway. These things give to the interior of this fine building an air of artistic elegance, lift- ing it quite out of the commonplace of ordinary sur- roundings. Of this window. Dr. Winship, seeing it when exhibited in Boston, says, in the N. E. Jour- nal of Education: "The central figure shows an ecclesiastical crown of sparkling gems surmounted by a Maltese cross set with brilliant jewels. It was made by Redding, Baird & Co., of Boston, who had it on exhibition for a time, and thousands visited their establishment to enjoy the elegance of the bril- Hant setting. It contains probably a thousand jewels, and is one of the most beautiful windows ever made in honor of educators." This superb window, cost- ing a thousand dollars, is of great size, contains nearly one hundred and twenty (120) sqviare feet of glass surface and weighs nearly half a ton. 'Dr. McCaskey knows well the value of surrotmd- ings, the silent influence of appropriate mottoes and well-chosen pictures speaking from the walls, and one of his earliest ventures was the Lancaster School Mottoes, a dozen heavy cards printed on both sides, which are still published, and of which thousands of sets have been sold. This was followed by the Pennsylvania Song Collection, which was afterwards broadened out into the first number of the Franklin Square Song Collection, on the book list of Harper & Brothers, New York, He issued eight volumes of this popular collection, which has sold more than a quarter of a million copies in the United States and Canada, and is known in many other parts of the English-speaking world. His latest collection, "Favorite Songs and Hymns," containing between four and five hundred of the best songs and hymns in the world, is published by the American Book Company of New York. If he had done nothing else in music but compile this one book, it would have been a great thing to do. Many pleasant letters come to him expressing hearty appreciation of this work. Among others. Prof. Edmund D. Murdagh, presi- dent of the board of education of Oklahoma, writes : "Though an absolute stranger to you, I wish to ex- press my sense of the obligation under which you have placed the profession through your recent col- lection of songs and hymns. I have just bought, for our Normal School, one hundred copies, and we are delighted with the book. I need not specify points of excellence. Every page is helpful and suggestive. You have clone a great service to the cause of edu- cation. May I not tender the thanks of our school ?" In addition to many smaller annual song pamph- lets and song books, for institutes and schools, two dozen or more, which have been scattered by hun- dreds of thousands, he published, some years ago, through Harper & Brothers, a large quarto collec- tion of readings and songs, entitled, "Christmas in Song and Story," which the Episcopal Recorder pro- nounced "a perfect cyclopedia of Christmas song." In the vaults of the Wickersham and New Era Printing Companies he has thousands of music plates, that have cost more than ten thousand dol- lars. He has also written songs and adapted words to well-known or attractive airs that have found their way to permanent favor, and he celebrated the six hundredth issue (December, 1901) of The Penn- sylvania School Journal by the publication of a stir- ring patriotic song, entitled the "Flag of the Free," adapted to the familiar air of the wedding march from Lohengrin. This work in music he has enjoyed perhaps more than any other, and he regards it as extraordinary good fortune that he has been able all these years to be in close touch with a master of har- monv and musician of high rank such as Prof. Carl Matz, without whose constant practical help and un- failing advice in all matters relating to music, his work could not have gone forward with the ease and freedom that have made it so enjoyable. But Dr. McCaskey 's most influential and far- reaching work has been in connection with The Pennsylvania School Journal, every number of which he has put through press, month by month, for more than thirty-six years. He went upon The Jour- nal in May, 1866, and, with his customary staying power, he is at it yet, busy upon it day and night as leisure is afforded from the pressure of other duties. It is now in its fifty-first volume, the December num- ber, 1901, being its six hundredth issue. The in- fluence of this Journal, as the organ of the school 120 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY officers and teachers of the State, and the medium through which the proceedings of their annual meet- ings have been made knoAvn to tlie public, can liardly be overestimated. The educational records of the State are found nowhere else outside of its fifty vol- umes. The only complete set of the annual reports of the State Superintendents of Public Instruction; the only continuous record of the proceedings of the Pennsylvania State Teachers' Association through its fifty sessions; the only complete record of pro- ceedings of the annual sessions of the City and Bor- ough Superintendents' Association; the only com- plete record of the annual meetings of the Pennsyl- vania State Directors' Association; the only con- tinuous history, and the only one that makes any approach to completeness, that is now in existence anywhere, of the work of the Department of Public Instruction of the State since 1854, all the archives of this department of the State government, which had been carefully preserved for so many years, hav- ing- been lost in the late fire that destroyed the Cap- itol building at Harrisburg — all this matter of great- er or less importance is found from year to year in The Pennsylvania School Journal, and nowhere else. This monthly periodical has kept the record intact and beyond the reach of destruction from any cause whatsoever. Dr. McCaskey's connection with The 'Journal has brought him into close personal relations with all the State superintendents who have held office at Harrisburg since 1854 except one, Hon. Charles R. Coburn, whom he knew but not intimately — Thomas H. Burrowes, Plenrv C. Plickok, J. P. Wickersham, E. E. Higbee, D. J. Waller, and N. C. Schaeffer. In an article upon "No, 600," he says : "The writer went upon The School Journal as associate editor in 1866, and has put through press each one of the 428 monthly issues since that time. Dr. Burrowes wished us to take hold of this work in 1865, but made the condition that we should give it all our time, leaving the Boys' High School. We could not do this. A year later he said, 'Come on your own terms,' and laughed, as he added, 'but I don't want to write your obituary.' We have been at it ever since, glad and grateful for the noble field of opportunity it has afforded these many years. These fifty volumes now occupy five or six feet of space upon the shelf, and make a goodly showing for Pennsylvania edu- cational interests as well as for her school history. It does not pay any large return on the investment, but enough, with two or three other sources of in- come, as school work, music, and art work, to make ends meet. It has been a blessed privilege to be as- sociated with it and its great work, and the men who have had to do with it, during the past third of a ccnturj- and longer. For what time we have yet to live we ask nothing better." The Neiv England Jour- nal of Education says of it : "The Pennsylvania School Journal has been in a class by itself. No other State educational journal has approached this in scope or in power. It is the best history of educa-' tion of a State that is to be found in all the land. It has always been admirably edited, has had high lit- erary flavor, and has given not only important and interesting facts concerning school affairs in Penn- sylvania, but the most important facts regarding education in general. Dr. J. P. McCaskey, its long- time editor, has been privileged to be a mighty edu- cational force, largely because of the opportunity afforded by this journal to his devotion to the cause of education in the Keystone State." The most important work of Dr. McCaskey, as we have said, has doubtless been that upon The School Journal, with its constant suggestion as to school work, its reports and records, arbor day, music, star-study, school decoration, ideal memory work, improved condition of school buildings, out- houses and grounds, etc., in all of which his influence has been felt for a generation; then perhaps the two or three dozen collections of music of various kinds which he has published, some of them known and en- joyed in schools and homes all over the land; and third in importance, his life in the Boys' High School for the past forty-five years. He holds, both m practice and theory, that a teacher is an influence — the great end of the school being thought and life, the growing life toward mature manhood and womanhood. There must be scholarship, but char- acter is of first importance. Ordinary school work must have careful attention, but not to the exclusion of other good things too often ignored. Therefore, he had vocal music introduced into the Boys' High School some thirty years ago, under a special teach- er, this finally extending to all the schools of the city. Prof. Carl Matz has been in charge of the vocal music in the high schools and Prof. John B. Kevin- ski in the lower grades, for twenty-five years, and longer. In the same way, some years ago. Dr. Mc- Caskey had instrumental music — instruction on orchestral instruments, as violin, flute, cornet, trom- bone, clarinet, oboe, etc. — introducted into the school, which was soon adopted by the school board as an optional branch and extended to the Girls' High School. This instruction is given before and after school hours. Hundreds have been busy at work here on musical instruments. Not less than a hun- dred boys and girls are now under training with Prof. Carl Thorbahn, and we all know the good work done by the high school orchestra and orchestra school on Commencement Day and other special oc- casions during the year. Dr. McCaskey has been offered place in the school department and elsewhere, and has been urged repeatedly to be a candidate for the city and county superintendency, but has always declined these positions, his hands being full of work such as he preferred to be doing. Besides, he could not turn to the smaller field when already busy in another so large, so attractive, affording constant opportunity these many years for the gratification of his varied tastes, and so nuich better suited to his peculiar tal- ents. He has resolutely declined all calls for papers BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 121 or addresses except on rare occasions before the county or city institute, the State Association, and ■once, a few years ago, before the American Institute ■of Instruction at Montreal. His work in the school room and at the printing office occupying five days in the week, these calls would require too much time in the evenings and on Saturday, which must be kept free for other things. He would enjoy such work, and would be glad to do it, but there is no time for it. In his business his purpose has always been never to make a dollar that could in any way represent loss ■or hurt to any human being. This thought he has •constantly urged upon his pupils. He could readily have been one of the wealthy men of Lancaster, for he has made what most persons would regard '"plenty of money," but that has not been the purpose •of his life. To have plenty of work worth doing, and time and strength to get it done, are the great things. He seems content with either loss or profit, as it com.es, so that the loss be not too heavy, and thinks "Both are good; which is better who can tell?" Dr. McCaskey was born on a farm near Gordon- ville, Lancaster county. Pa., Oct. 9, 1837. He comes •of a strong ancestry, in which Scotch-Irish pre- dominates, other lines being Douglas of Scotland — his great-great-grandfather being Archibald Doug- las, Davis and Piersol of Wales, Wilson of England •or Scotland, Eckert and others of Switzerland and ■Germany. His mother, the most blessed influence •of his life, was Margaret Piersol, third daughter of Capt. John and Catharine (Wilson) Piersol. His forbears on his father's side came to America about 1793, and on his mother's long before the Revolu- tionary war, in which a number of them bore an act- ive part. His great-grandfather, William Mc- Caskey, served for a time in the Briti-sh army during the war of the Revolution, and his grandfather, John McCaskey, used to tell of his pleasure, as a little •child, in climbing upon his father's knee on his re- turn from the war in America. His great-grand- fathers, Zaccheus Piersol and Gabriel Davis, served in the American army during the same war, the lat- ter as captain and a member of the Committee of Safety. John P. McCaskey is the eldest of a fam- ily of seven children, six of whom are still living: John Piersol, the subject of our sketch ; Joseph Barr, dentist, of Lancaster; William Spencer, colonel of the 20th Regiment, LT. S. Infantry, now in command of Fort Sheridan, near Chicago, after four' years' service in Cuba and the Philippines; Cyrus Davis, -with the B. & O. railroad, Philadelphia ; James New- ton, dentist, Harrisburg; and Catharine Wilson, wife ■of James H. Marshall, assistant postmaster of Lan- •caster. His name has in full that of both his grand- fathers, and he- is the youngest of seven grandsons named after their grandfather John McCaskey, the oldest son in each of the seven families being so nam.ed. His father, William McCaskey, was a man of iron will, resolute and fearless,. of good practical judgm.ent and unusual executive force and ability. His father's family belonged to the Presbyterian and his mother's to the Episcopal Church. They at- tended service regularly at both churches, the old Leacock Church west of Intercourse and All Saints', at Paradise, which he speaks of as a fortunate ex- perience. He learned to read at an early age, before going to the old Zook school house, and was re- quired to read daily and much, often aloud, in the Bible — the' great book of the household — so that by the time he was ten or eleven years old and left home for Oak Hill Academy, and later to attend school in Lancaster, he was saturated with the history and literature of the Book. This he regards as the choicest blessing, after the influence of his mother in childhood, that has ever come into his life — a con- viction that grows stronger and deeper with the pass-, ing years. , In May, 1849, Dr. McCaskey came to Lancaster, and was for a year in the secondary school on Duke street, under a noted teacher, Howard Worcester Gilbert. He entered the Boys' High .School in 1850, and has been there ever since, -with exception of two years, one as pupil and the other as teacher. Here the men who most impressed him were Rev. John S. Crumbaugh, a man of remarkable presence and power, and Dr. E. E. Higbee, with whom he was afterward to be associated so closely and so happily for eight years and more of his memorable service as State Superintendent of Public Instruction. He regards these tv/o men as great teachers, and to have been under their inspiring influence — two of them for one year each and one of them for two years — as the best good fortune of his boyhood life in the school room. In i860 Dr. McCaskey was married to Ellen Margaret Chase, at Bath, N. Y. Of their seven chil- dren five are .still living, four sons and one daughter. Two of the sons, Capt. Edward William and Lieut. Walter Bogardus, were on duty for the past three years with the 21st U. S. Infantry in the Philippine Islands, the former as quartermaster of his regiment and also as depot quartermaster in Southern Luzon, and the latter for a time as depot commissary at Calamba, on the Laguna, and afterward upon the staff of Gen. Wheaton. Richard Douglas is a dentist in Lancaster. Donald Gilbert is a student in the Medical Department of the University of Pennsyl- vania. Elsa Piersol is at home. Edward is now sattioned at Fort Snelling, Minn., and Walter at Fort Lincoln, N. Dak. Dr. McCaskey talks pleas- antly of himself as being one of the richest men of the community in boys, having six sons, one of them a young man in the Beyond; four manly fellows, brave, true, capable, generous, doing good work in the world ; and a foster son, William S. Gordon, worthy to stand with the rest, who came from Rus- sia at sixteen years of age with no knowledge of English, but who has done extraordinary work in these twelve years, and is now a rising lawyer in the city of New York. Each of the boys, after graduat- ing from the Lancaster High School, took a course 122 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY of training elsewhere: Edward graduating from West Point Military Academy in 1886, Richard from the Pennsylvania Dental College, Walter from Pennsylvania State College, and Mr. Gordon from Yale University and the New York Law School. The _ boys Walter and Donald each took the two years' course on the Pennsylvania Nautical School Ship before entering upon their college course. In politics Dr. McCaskey has always been a Re- publican, casting his first vote in i860, for Andrew G. Curtin as Governor of Pennsylvania, and Abra- ham Lincoln as President of the United States. He was honored with the degree of Master of Arts by Franklin and Marshall College, and some years afterward with that of Doctor of Philosophy by the same institution of liberal learning. Each of these honorary degrees came to him as a surprise. He had never thought of either, and says that while he has done little to merit them he is grateful for the generous courtesy which awarded them, and appre- ciates the personal regard which prompted the authorities by whom they were conferred. COL. WILLIAM SPENCER McCASKEY, now in command of the 20th United States Infantry, with headquarters at Fort Sheridan, twenty-five miles north of Chicago, 111., was born near Paradise, Lan- caster Co., Pa., Oct. 2, 1843. He is of a family well known in Lancaster city and county, two of his brothers being Prof. J. P. McCaskey, the well-known teacher and publisher, and Dr. J. B. McCaskey, dentist, on East King street. On the side of his fa- ther, William McCaskey, who was a man of iron will and fine executive ability, he is of strong Scotch- Irish stock, his grandfather having come to this coun- try about 1795. Among his mother's ancestors are Douglas and Wilson, of Scotland; Davis and Pier- sol, of W^ales ; Eckert and others, of Switzerland and Germany, all of whom came to Penns3dvania long before the war of the Revolution. His great-grand- father, William McCaskey, was a freeholder in Coun- ty Monaghan, Ireland, and an officer in the British army on duty in America during the Revolutionary war. Two of his maternal grandfathers, Gabriel Davis and Zaccheus Piersol, were officers in the American army. After removing to Lancaster, in 185.1^, the sub- ject of our sketch attended the public schools. In 1859 he left the high school and was an apprentice for two years in the Examiner printing office, in Lan- caster, until the breaking out of the Civil war. While in this office he belonged to a military company of young fellows who were drilled regularly by the late Dr. E. K. Young. Nearly all the members of the company of boys who had been trained by this ear- nest drill-master afterward became officers in the army. Perhaps the most noted of them all, and cer- tainly the man who has seen most service — having been a soldier on active duty for more than forty years — is Col. McCaskey. When Fort Sumter was fired upon, April 13, 1 86 1, and President Lincoln issued his call for sev- enty-five thousand men for ninety days, two com- panies from I-ancaster responded promptly. The Lancaster Fencibles, Capt. Emlen Franklin, of which he was one of the youngest members, not yet eighteen years old, and the Jackson Rifles, Capt. Henry A. Hambright, filled up their ranks at once, and left for Harrisburg April 19th, within less than a week from the fall of Sumter. They were sworn into the United States service April 20th, and be- came respectively F and K Cos., of the ist Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers. The first sergeant of the Fencibles was David Miles, afterwards lieutenant- colonel of the 79th Regiment. On the 21st of April,, the regiment, with two others, under command of Gen. Wynkoop, was sent toward Baltimore to rein- force the 6th Massachusetts, which had been at- tacked in that city. Fort McHenry was not then garrisoned, and the object of the movement of the Pennsylvania Brigade was to attract the attention of the Baltimoreans in the direction of Cockeysville, in order that Fort McHenry, on the opposite side of the city, might be occupied with troops, from Wash- ington. During the months of May and June the regi- ment guarded bridges on the Northern Central Rail- road, north of Baltimore, marched through Baltimore to Cantons, thence to Hagerstown, Md., and later was stationed in Frederick City as provost guard; after which it joined Gen. Patterson's army, at Mar- tinsburg, Va., and took part in the pursuit of Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's army en route to reinforce Gen. Beauregard at Bull Run. Gen. Patterson's army halted at Charleston, W. Va., and was at that point during the battle of Manassas. The regiment, while at Charleston, volunteered to remain in the service beyond its term if it should be needed. The Fenci- bles and Rifles, who had all the while been conspicu- ous in the regim.ent for discipline, drill and manly conduct and bearing, returned from their ninety-days enlistment July 27th, the regiment having been mus- tered out at Harrisburg, and were welcomed with en- thusiasm by the people of Lancaster. Nearly all of them began immediately to plan for re-enlistment for three years or the war. Of the 7S,ooo men wha answered the first call for volunteers, but twenty remain on the active list of the army (March, 1903) as commissioned officers, and the name of Col. Mc- Caskey is the tenth upon this list of honor. Capt. Henry A. Hambrisfht, of Co. K (Lancas- ter Rifles), was appointed to a caotaincy in the regu- lar army, but was detached for the purpose of raising a regiment of riflemen to be accepted for three years or the war. The regiment was mustered into the service at Camp Negley, Pittsburg;, Sept. 5, 1861, as the 79th Pa. Vols. Nine of the ten companies were recruited in Lancaster county. One of these, Co. B, was raised by Capt. David Miles, Lieut. Drucken- miller and Sergt. McCaskey, who was promoted to second lieutenant Oct. 9, 1862, the day following- the battle of Perryville, having served one year as WILLIAM S. McCASKEY, Ciii.oNEi, Twentieth U. S. Infantry. LEGISLATURE OF PENNSYLVANIA. COtJCURRENT RESOLUTIONS. The Senate passed the following preamble and resolutions, April 6, 1903, which were presented by Hon. Milton Heidelbaugh, recommending Colonel William S. McCaskey, of Lancaster, for promotion to the rank of Brigadier General on the active list of the Regular Army of the United States. They were approved on the following day by the House of Representatives : Whereas, Colonel William S. McCaskey, a native of Pennsylvania, viho is now in command of the Twentieth Infantry, Regular Army of the United States, at Fort Sheridan, Illinois, enlisted from Lancaster county in the war of the rebellion, as a soldier in the First Pennsylvania regiment in 1 861, when seventeen years of age, and at the close of the three months' campaign re-enlisted in the Seventy- ninth Pennsylvania regiment, serving gallantly in twenty-eight engagements in which that regiment took part from 1861 to 1865, never absent from his company or regiment at any time from any cause, and rising from the ranks to a Captaincy before he was twenty years of age ; entered the Regular Army shortly after the close of the war and rendered important and valuable service, always in connection with troops, west of the Mississippi for more than thirty years ; commanded the Twentieth regiment with distinction during the Spanish-American campaign ; reorganized it for the war in the Philippines ; was appointed for eminent fitness to garrison duty in Manila, where for nearly two years the regiment under his command rendered servige which General MacArthur pronounces ' ' not showy but of incal- culable value" ; afterwards under General Bell in Southern Luzon, where he contributed largely to the success of that final vigorous campaign, and Whereas, By gallantry in action, continuous and vigilant service for more than forty years, great administrative ability, energy, intelligence and high personal merit. Colonel McCaskey has honored the State of Pennsylvania ; and Whereas, Should his term of service end with the age limit of retirement, he will be the last man on the active list of the Regular Army from Pennsylvania and probably the last from the United States, who carried a rifle or bore a commission during the entire period of the Civil War ; and Whereas, There is a strong desire on the part of those who are acquainted with his military record that his signal service, both at home and abroad, should be fitly recognized ; therefore, Resolved (If the House of Representatives concur) that the Legislature of Pennsylvania recom- mend to His Excellency, Theodore Roosevelt, President of the United States, that Colonel William S. McCaskey, in recognition of his services, at the earliest day practicable, be promoted to be a Brigadier General on the active list in the Regular Army of the United States. Resolved, That a certified copy of the foregoing preambles and resolutions be forwarded to His Excellency, the President of the United States. — Pennsylvania Legislative Record. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 123: first sergeant. He was made first lieutenant April lo, 1863 ; captain July i, 1863, and was mustered out with his company July 12, 1865. With the 77th and 78th Regiments and a light battery, the 79th Regiment formed what was known as Negley's Brigade of Pennsylvania Volunteers. The brigade embarked at Pittsburg and was sent to Louisville in October, 1861, where it was reported to General William T. Sherman. It formed part of the advance to Green River, Ky., and during the spring of 1862 was detached and started to the relief of Gen. Grant at Fort Donelson, Tenn. Its services not being needed, it returned to the Army of the Ohio. During the advance on Nashville, and toward Shiloh, it was detached and stationed at Columbia, Tenn., forming part of Mitchell's flying division. In June, 1862, they made a movement, over two ranges of mountains, and in concert with troops from Hunts- ville, Ala., feigned an attack on Chattanooga, thereby causing the evacuation on Cumberland Gap by the Confederates, and permitting its occupancy by Fed- eral troops. This was the first movement toward East Tennessee. In September the brigade retired to Nashville, with Gen. Buell's armv. and was known thereafter as Starkweather's Brigade. After a year of hard service, in which these mfen of the Keystone saw much of Kentucky on long and hurried marches, and were drilled into a magnifi- cent fighting organization, the 79th had its awful baptism of fire at Perryville, or Chaplin Hills, Ky. In this bloody engagement, which was a close stand- up fight, without cover, the regiment lost one-third of its strength in killed and wounded. Starkweather's Brigade, of Rousseau's Division, to which this regiment belonged, stood like a rock in the way of the Rebel advance, and saved the day when the enemy came, driving everything before them, confident of victory. Five men were shot by the side of First Sergt. McCaskey, but the shorten- ing line closed up and thev held their ground, bitins? cartridges until tongues and throats were so black and dry they could hardly speak. More than 50,000 troops were engaged in this desperately contested battle, the importance of which has not been general- ly recognized. Gen. Bragg, with the memories of Shiloh fresh in his mind, wrote : "For the time en- gaged, it was the severest and most desperately con- tested engagement .within mv knowledge." Gen. McCook declared it to be "The bloodiest battle of modern times for the numbers engaged on our side.' Of less than 13.000 troops of the 1st Corps engaged, 2,299 — more than one-fourth — were killed, wounded and missing. The brigade took part in the pursuit of Bragg's army, having the usual rearguard fight- ing. , . , . This was followed bv incessant marchmg, skir- mishing, fighting — Murfreesboro, Chattanooga, Chickamauga. On Dec. 31, 1862. and Jan. i, 2, 3, 1863, the battle of Stone River, or Murfreesboro, was fought, and the regiment did its full share of duty, whatever was required of it. It formed part of Rousseau's ist Division, 14th Army Corps, under Gen. Thomas. It participated in the Tullahoma cam- paign, having several engagements. It was also> in the Chickamauga campaign and was engaged in that battle for two days, suffering heavily. It was identified with Gen. Baird's division, stilt the 1st of the 14th Corps. The division held, the key point of the line on Sunday, Sept. 21, 1863^ and remained in line until ordered to retire. The 14th Army Corps, under Gen. Thomas, ever afterward known as "the Rock of Chicka- mauga," saved the army from rout in that great bat- tle. The 79th also passed through the siege and starvation experience of Chattanooga, from Septem- ber to November, 1863. The 79th went into the battle of Chickamauga with seventeen officers and 350 men, of whom six- teen were killed, sixty-six wounded and forty- seven missing, an aggregate of 129. An inci- dent occurred here which we have heard repeatedly- spoken of, showing the coolness of Capt. McCaskey in the midst of the greatest danger. As they lay on the firing line, protected by almost nothing in. the way of earthworks, the line of the enemy just beyond, and each firing to kill any who might be exposed, he saw that two of his men had been wound- ed by the tin cases from a gun in the rear firing grape and canister at point blank range. He got up, walked back to the commanding officer, then to the gun, had its position changed, then to his place in the line and lay down unharmed, all the while a con- spicuous mark, the bullets raining about him, and' many of them no doubt aimed directly at him. He seemed to bear a charmed life, for, though present in each of the twenty-eight battles in which the regi- ment was engaged (never absent from the regiment at anv time for any cause) , and constantly on active duty, he was never wounded. Bullets cut his cloth- ing, spent balls hit him, and he was knocked dowrt by the impact of a cannon ball striking the timbers- near his head, but he was never hurt. In March, 1864, the regiment re-enlisted, and came home to Lancaster for a furlough of thirty days. Returning to Chattanooga, they joined Gen, Sherman's army May 7th, and within an hour par- ticipated in the first charge made upon the enemy's, works on Rocky Ridge, Ga. During the next four months the regiment took part in all the movements- and battles of the 14th Army Corps, including Buz- zard's Roost, Resaca, New Hope Church, Kene- saw Mountain, Chattahoochie, Peach Tree Creek,. Atlanta, July 22d and 28th, and closing with the bat- tle of Jonesboro, Ga., Aug. 31, 1864. During these four months there was hardly a day that the regi- ment was not under fire. On July 2ist, 1864, Capt. McCaskey performed exactly the same service on a different part of the Peach Tree Creek battlefield for which the late Gen. Lawton and the present Gen. Baldwin were granted medals of honor. He led the charge of the regiment, though there were many senior, offi- 124 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COLTNTY cers present, and they were successful in capturing the enemy's works. The 79th Pennsylvania and the 2 1 St Ohio were ordered to charge the works. Capt. McBride, then in temporary command of the 79th Regiment, asked Capt. McCaskey to lead the charge with his company, saying it was also the wish of the older captains that he should do this. He knew the risk, but accepted it promptly, and led right over the entrenchments, several paces in advance of old Co. B, which followed him with cheers, the whole line rushing forward, as Co. B set the pace. They suc- ceeded in driving out the enemy. Nearly all the medals of honor mentioned in the army register are" for similar or less dangerous acts of distinguished gallantry. One of the several brevets for which he was recommended was for this charge at Peach Tree Creek. The 79th formed part of the ist Division, 14th Army Corps, on Sherman's famous March to the Sea, engaged in the siege of Savannah, Ga., and ac- companied the same army on its march through the Carolinas. engaging in the battles of Averysboro and Bentonville, N. C, in the last of which the regiment lost heavily. In the latter part of this engagement it was commanded by Capt. McCaskey. This was the last engagement of any importance between the armies of Gens. Sherman and Johnson. The regi- ment proceeded to Richmond and thence to Wash- ington, where it participated in the grand review in May, 1865, and was then mustered out of the ser- vice, July 12, 1865. From the 19th of April, 1861, until July 26, 1865, with the exception of a few weeks in 1861, he was ■continuously in the service. He was prornoted from second lieutenant to first lieutenant and from that to a captaincy in quick succession, the latter com- mission dating July i, 1863. He was seventeen years and six months old when he entered the ser- vice,' and was a captain before he was twenty years of age. He was never absent from his company or regiment when it was engaged in battle or campaign- ing, and has lost but one month from sickness in more than forty years. This was during the late ser-- vice in the Philippines, when the doctors told him he must quit or die. After the close of the war, like many another, Captain McCaskey looked about for something to do in civil life. One day, early in 1866, Thaddeus Stevens, Jr., came into the office of Dr. McCaskey, to say that his uncle, the "Old Commoner," had asked him whether there was any one whom he would like to have appointed second lieutenant in the regular army; that he had an appointment to make, and would name any friend whom he would recommend. "Young Thad." wished Captain Mc- Caskey appointed, vnth whom he had served as a private in the Fencibles, and whom he knew as a brave and skillful officer. It was some days before a letter was sent to him at Poughkeepsie, where he was then at Eastman's Business College, and before a reply was received Mr. Stevens called again, say- ing that his uncle must make the appointment within two or three days. He was much surprised and gratified at the offer of a commission. He had not thought of this, but it seemed the thing that fit his case exactly, and it had come to him as a gift from a friend. He received his commission in the regular army April 26, 1866, and has passed through all the grades up to his present rank. He has filled with marked efficiency every position in line or staff that was open to him. From April, 1866, until April, 1898, he served on the frontier in Dakota, Montana, Minnesota, Texas and Missouri. He has been as- sociated with troops continuously during his forty and more years of service. He was never on ordin- ary staff duty, and has commanded troops and served with them a longer period than any other officer now on the active list. He was selected for duty on the staff of the governor of Illinois, and again on that of the governor of Wisconsin, as Instructor and In- spector, but was relieved at his own request, for the reason that he could not afford to live in a city with his large family. He has been on duty at many forts and distant posts in the Northwest, some of which are now thriving cities. In 1876 he succeeded Gen. Custer in command of Fort Abraham Lincoln, near Bismarck, N. D., when that dashing cavalry officer started on his fatal campaign against the Indians in the Big Horn mountains. We have heard him say that the hardest thing he has ever had to do was- to tell Mrs. Custer and the ladies of the post the awful news of the disaster, that came during the night, brought down the river by a scout to him as the of- ficer in command of the post. At the outbreak of the Spanish-American war the 20th Infantry was ordered to the Gulf. It left Fort Leavenworth April 19, 1898, and went into camp at Mobile. Col. Hawkins and Lieut. Col. Wheaton, of the regiment, were both made brigadier generals of volunteers, and the command devolved upon Major McCaskey. He took the regiment to Cuba, and was present, in command, day and night, in the battle of El Caney and during the dreadful experiences of the campaign before and after the cap- ture of Santiago. In his official report he says : "The effective strength of the regiment at the begin- ning of the first day's fight, Julv ist, was 23 of- ficers and 570 enlisted men," and gives a detailed account of movements, duty and casualties, with very courteous individual mention of officers of the command. He adds : "The non-commissioned staff and other enlisted men of the regiment sus- tained the reputation of the army for fortitude, in- telligent performance of duty, and ability to endure under privations. They were cool under fire or in the charge, were under perfect discipline at all times, and showed remarkable ingenuity in the construc- tion of entrenchments, the lines of which were main- ly built with bayonets, meat ration cans or tin cups." In a racy little book, "What I Saw in Cuba," Burr Mcintosh, among other things, pavs many compli- ments to the officers of the 20th Regiment. He went BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 125 to Cuba on their transport, and when the regiment was landed managed to swim ashore, contrary to Gen; Shatter's orders in regard to newspaper men. He says : "I started inland in search of Gen. Bates and his command. A number of camp fires were glowing along the roadside in front of the lines of tents pitched by the men of the 20th and the 3d, the Independent Brigade commanded by Gen. Bates. As I approached them almost the first man I met was Major McCaskey. Aboard ship he had always been the essence of courtesy and kindness, but I knew he was a strict disciplinarian, and it was with some hesitation I ventured within a few yards of his camp fire. He recognized the figure, and with a stern look asked ; 'How did you get ashore ?' I removed my hat, bowed and answered, 'Please, sir, I fell off the side of the boat. They tried to rescue me, but there were no loose ropes, so I had to swim in.' After this edifying explanation I was invited to partake of the evening meal, which was being prepared for him and two of his officers. I remember this most be- cause of the fact that it was the only one I enjoyed during my stay in Cuba." From Cuba Major McCaskey took the regiment to Montauk Point for some weeks, and from there back to the old headquarters at Fort Leavenworth. Like all the other regiments from Cuba, the 20th returned a wreck, and he at once set about and com- pleted the work of reorganization. His own health had by this time been so much impaired that he was ordered on a long sick leave, and was about to go to southern California when orders were received for the regiment to start for the Philippines. Of course, he did not accept the leave, but took the four weeks' voyage to Luzon instead. They left Leaven- worth Jan. 21, 1899. Col. Elwell S. Otis, who was in command of the army in the Philippines, with headquarters at Ma- nila, needed a strong garrison in the turbulent city, and chose for this important service his own old regi- ment, the 20th United States Infantry, of which he had been colonel for more than thirteen years. It was now commanded by his intimate personal friend. Col. McCaskey, with whom he had- been pleasantly associ- ated all these years, and in whose vigilance and abil- ity in this trying situation he had the fullest con- fidence. The regiment was held here for nearly two years, and kept the great city of two or three hun- dred thousand people in order by vigilant service at all hours of the day and night, though conflagration and uprising were all the while threatened. This service was of a special character and of the utmost importance, and the 20th was held as the garrison regiment during the administrations of both Gen. Otis and Gen. MacArthur. , Manila was under strict martial law, the curfew regulation was in force and the duties that confronted the regiment were both delicate and important. It was absolutely necessary to prevent the disaffected natives from getting together to form organizations and cause disturbance. At the same time, upon the cosmopolitan inhabitants martial law must be admin- istered without imnecessary harshness, friction or oppression. There were no tribunals, either civil or criminal in existence, except the provost police courts. All disputes of every kind had to be decided temporarily, at least, off-hand, by the military police captains at the various stations, or by Colonel Mc- Caskey, who was chief in command. In addition to the police duties assigned to it the regiment acted for a time as a reserve to the forces in the trenches, and was frequently called upon, and for months was held in constant readiness by day or night to re- spond promptly to any orders, either to reinforce a threatened point without or promptly to put down disturbance within. The protection of all the high officials and of trains on the railroad, the care and guarding of all prisoners, both civil and military, looking after ladrones and others in the suburbs and elsewhere, the safety of the immense depots of sup- plies, and especially of the Maestranza Arsenal, which was the focus of all insurgent plans, and the enforcing of Customs regulations, were all a part of the duty of this regiment. The 20th Infantry had been recommended by Gen. Otis to be sent to China in 1900, as a repre- sentative organization. Gen. MacArthur also wished it to go, but he found it impossible at that time to take it from the duty in Manila with which it was so familiar, and he would not risk a change at that important juncture. In a personal note to Col. Mc- Caskey, dated March 18, 1902, Gen. MacArthur says : "I congratulate you heartily upon your re- turn from the Philippines. I appreciate very warmly all the good work done by your regiment, especially in Manila. It was not showy, but of incalculable value. Nobody knows that fact so well as Gen. Otis and myself. We felt absolutely dependent upon the garrison of Manila, and knew that everything would be secure in the hands of your regiment." The regiment was relieved from duty in Manila toward the end of January, 1901, and ordered to northern Luzon, where it was kept busy for some months in field duty and cleared the region of armed insurgents. At the time of leaving Manila it num- bered 1,500 men, exclusive of officers. Civil gov- ernment being organized in the north, the 20th was ordered south into Laguna and Batangas provinces, with headquarters at Tanauan._ The service here was very trying. Nearly evervbody was busy on scouting and other duty to keep the insurgents on the move. When, in December, 1901, Gen, J. F. Bell ordered his famous protection policy of concentra- tion camps, it was welcome news for the regiments operating here, for both officers and men saw an end to their thankless and often fruitless expeditions through almost impassable tropical jungles and swamps, under burning suns or torrential rains. Im- mediate steps were taken by Col. McCaskey to carry out the policy in his jurisdiction, and the large camp of 18,000 or more people which he organized at Tan- auan was pronounced by Gens. Wheaton and Bell 126 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the model concentration camp of the provinces. The humane and effective system here carried out, — the people well fed, well cared for, with constant occu- pation, under constant, sanitary inspection and medi- -cal care, — had much to do with the final collapse of -the rebellion in these very troublesome provinces. If the 20th did one thing better than another during its three years' service in the Philippines it was the masterly way in which it carried out the new Ameri- can Protection Policy, which culminated early in April in the surrender of Gen. Malvar and his entire command, thus ending the revolution not only in Ba- tangas Province, but also in the Philippine Islands. The general plan and scheme followed in these camps were formed by Col. William S. McCaskey. To -carry out his instructions he detailed a very efHcient officer, Capt. H. C. Hale, ably assisted by Lieut. A. M. Shipp and others. When a lieutenant in the Northwest Col. Mc- Caskey married Miss Nellie Garrison, of Detroit. Their children are four sons and two daughters, all •of whom are living. Two of them. Garrison and Douglas, are first lieutenants in the regular service, the first in the 25th Infantry and the second in the 4th Cavalry. Both won their commissions in the ■Cuban war, Douglas having special honorable men- tion for gallantry in the desoerate charge at San Juan July I, 1898. Garrison, after his school course, grad- uated from the Pennsylvania Nautical School Ship ""Saratoga," in iSt).'^, having made four cruises. He ■was also cadet on Pacific Mail Steamship, 1896 and 1897, served in quartermaster's department, 1897- •98, was in the battles of El Caney and Santiago, saw ■much active service in the Philippines, rescued two soldiers from drowning, in Luzon, at night, com- manded army gunboats, 1901-02, escorted troops to Pekin, China, 1902, and is at present senior aid on the staff of Gen. Lee in Batangas province, Luzon. His third son, Douglas, served in the 4th United States •Cavalry at Fort Walla Walla, Wash., and Yellow- stone Park, Wyoming, 1894 to 1897, was agent of ■quartermaster's department in 1898, saw hard service in Cuba and the Philippines, and is now on duty at Fort Leavenworth as squadron adjutant of the regi- ment. The eldest son, Hiram Dryer, after graduating from the Lancaster High School in 1889 and Lehigh University in 1893, with the degree of mining engi- neer — his thesis being selected for the exhibit of the University at the Chicago World's Fair in 1893 — was assayer at the Boston Copper Smelting Works at ■Great Falls, Montana, 1893-95, and instructor at Yeates Institute, Lancaster, and Military Schools at Mt. Holly, Miss., and San Mateo, Cal. In 1900 he ■went to Manila, and is now engineer and assayer in •charge of the Department of Mines, Philippine Isl- ands, and is a very competent man in his special line •of work. The youngest son, Charles, was given his -choice to remain at the University of Kansas or go with his father to the Philippines. He preferred to ■go with the regiment, and was in the action at Guadeloupe Church, Luzon, 1899, as a civilian. He has been on duty in the Customs Department, Manila, since April, 1899, and is now Deputy Surveyor of the port of Manila. The eldest daughter, Margaret, is married to Caotain William H. Chapman, of the reg- ular service, and the youngest, Eleanor, is unmar- ried. Col. McCaskey has a unique record. He is Lan- caster county's most noted living soldier. In length of service he ranks first of all her brave sons whom she has at any time sent forth to military duty. In value of service his career is perhaps second only to that of Gen. John F. Reynolds, who must always stand as our foremost representative man in the army of the United States. He was the youngest major in the regular service, and is still, we think, the young- est officer of his rank in the army. He is a man of high honor, excellent habits and irreproachable char- acter, who enjoys the respect and confidence of the officers and men pi his command. He is the inti- mate personal friend, for almost a generation, of such men as Gen. Otis, Gen. Bates, Gen. Wheaton, Gen. MacArthur and others of their class, who give tone to the best element in the army. He has the reputation of being one of the most strict of disci- plinarians, but at the same time most watchful of the interests and well-being of his officers and men of all ranks. His work has been commended, and he has been recommended for promotion by every gen- eral officer and every regimental and post command- er under whom he has served since he entered in the regular army, in 1866, dozens of "such papers being on file in the War Department. Amonsf general of- ficers who have commended him, some of them in strongest terms, are Gens. Sykes, Terry, Stanley, Otis, MacArthur, Chaffee, Wheaton, Bates, Patter- son, Holabird, Davis (N. H.), Du Barry, Greene and others. He has been commended by all depart- ment inspectors and in all efficiency reports made by regimental or post commanders under whom he has served. He has never been in arrest, tried or ad- monished, has never been reported for non-payment of debts, is not addicted to the use of intoxicants nor to any other evil habit of army or social life. He is a courteous gentleman, a man of domestic tastes and habits, and it is a fortunate regiment that has such a man for its commanding officer, fortunate no less for officers than men. He could retire with the star of the Brigadier tmder the recent act of Congress, and that is now practically his rank in the army whenever he chooses to accept it. But he should be a Brigadier in active service rather than on the re- tired list. He has earned this honorable rank, and it can come to no man more worthily. He could have retired some time since on "term of service," but, being a man of unusual mental and physical vigor, he; has had no wish to do so. Should he live tmtil the age of retirement under the law, he will have the unique distinction of being the last officer, the last man, in the regular army who carried a rifle or bore a commission under the flag in the great war of the Rebellion. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 127 WALTER BOGARDUS McCASKEY, Lieu- tenant in the 21st U. S. Infantry, was born in Lan- caster, Pa., Dec. 8, 1873. He is the fourth son of Dr. J. P. McCaskey, principal of the Lancaster High School and publisher of the Pennsylvania School Journal. After graduating irom the Boys' High School of Lancaster he was for two years on the Pennsylvania Nautical School Ship "Saratoga," taking the first prize for general •efficiency by common consent of the officers and ca- dets. Lieut. Sims, of the U. S. Navy, instructor in ■navigation, endorsed him as "capable of sailing a ship to any part of the world." In climbing the ropes, setting and furling sails, and all other work of the ship, and in boxing, wrestling, rowing, swimming, he was easily "at the top." His quick grasp of a situa- tion, rapid decision and execution, here as later in the ioot-ball and military work made him always a leader. Prom the ship he went to the Millersville Normal School for review and to make some special prepara- tion for college. Here he found a kindred spirit in Prof. Pinkham, and did much work during the year in the gymnasium, among other things learning the ■double trapeze act under his instruction. Prof. P. rated him "the most remarkable young man of his acquaintance, absolutely honest, and without fear." Hie was afterward for four vears at the Pennsylvania State College, for the last two years of the course in the special department of electrical engineering, tak- ing the highest cash prize in calculus at the end of the Sophomore year, and standing at the head of his ■class in mathematics and in other departments at graduation. He was quarterback and captain of the well-known State College foot-ball team, with the reputation of being one of the best quarterbacks in the United States. He was recognized by all as the most skillful and daring athlete at State College, his career here being one of the traditions of the College. One of the best games on Franklin field, Philadelphia, in 1805, was between the University of Pennsylvania 3,nd the State College teams. University of Penn- sylvania had not been scored against before during the season. The umpire, Williams, of Yale, said in the Press: "I never saw a team play more honest foot-ball than did State College." The Record said, ""the cleanest, hardest game on Franklin field this year." The Ledger: "McCaskey, the captain and quarterback, is as quick as lightning, a clean passer, a splendid tackier and interferes finely." His games -were always fair and clean because he would not tolerate anvthing else. After a long and rigid inspec- tion drill of the State College battalion of three hun- dred cadets by the U. S. Army inspector, the Com- mandant was directed to name him first for honorable mention from this college in the United States Army register. "I can't do that." "Why not ?" "He is my brother." "Oh, name him second then." After grad- uating with distinction in the special department of electrical engineering, he entered the railroad ser- vice, for a time in the freight department, and after- ward in the steam-gauging and draughting depart- ments of the Pennsylvania railroad shops at Wil- mington during the day, and on duty as a student of medicine and in microscopic analysis at night in the office of Dr. J. W. Crumbaugh, one of the leading physicians of Wilmington. When the Spanish-American war broke out he enlisted in Capt. Whitson's company from Lancaster, of which he was afterward unanimously elected sec- ond lieutenant, and in which he served with such effi- ciency and such universal endorsement of the rank and file of the company as is seldom accorded to an officer, especially to one so young. This company was a part of Col. D. B. Case's 4th Pennsylvania Vol- unteers, and saw active service in Porto Rico. He was appointed by President McKinley as one of the five lieutenants apportioned to Pennsylvania in the increase of the regular army. In the written examin- ation to which these appointees were subjected *at Fortress Monroe, which lasted for a week, and cov- ered twelve or fourteen important branches, he took the second place on the list of more than a hundred officers examined. Because of this high rank which was especially gratifying to Hon. Marriott Brosius, by whom he had been named to the President, he was offered a commission in the cavalry arm of the ser- vice, but his preference was for the 21st Regiment of' Infantry, in which an older brother was serving as Captain. He joined the regiment near Manila and saw much active duty about Laguna de Bale (the large lake from which the Pasig river flows) and in the southern provinces of Luzon. He served for a time on the staff of Gen. Wheaton, and also as de- partment commissary at Calamba, though he would have much preferred service in the field, during the active operations of Gen. Bell in Laguna and Batan- gas. He was a first-class "duty man" always, and with no unfortunate habits of any sort. In the Manila American of May i, 1901, we find an account of a heroic rescue of one of his men quite in character with this young officer: "Gen. Cailles was being hard pressed by our troops, made up of detachments from the garrisons on the Laguna in the vicinity of Santa Cruz. Scouting parties reported the enemy en- camped in a barrio about seven miles north of Cavinti. Acting on this information Lieut. McCaskey was sent out to learn if there was any chance for an ambus- cade. After hiking over various trails, through deep gorges and ravines peculiar to the country, the small party came to the bank of a mountain stream which, it seemed, must be crossed. The current was very swift, and the officer, telling his men to wait until he had found a safe fording place, plunged in to try the stream. He is a powerful swimmer, one of the best in the army, and at home in the water. Inspired by his apparent disregard of danger and wishing to be with him, if needed on the other side, three of his men plunged after him, without thought of the depth of the water or the weight of their accoutrements. They were at once swept away by the current. On looking around he saw their peril, and turned to save the nearest man, who caught him about the waist. 128 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY but tearing himself loose, he landed him safely on the bank. In the meantime the other two had sunk, and it was a question how far they had gone down stream with the rapid current. Passing the apparently drowned man over to others of the command who had come up, and giving them hurried instructions in re- gard to restoring him to life, without pausing for breath, the young officer, relying on his skill and strength as a swimmer, repeatedly dived into the river in different places in the hope of rescuing his men. It was fruitless, however, and at last he was forcibly held back from making further attempts. Their bodies were afterward found and given hasty burial on the bank. Lieut. McCaskey deserves especial recognition for his heroic work, and his many friends in Manila and at home will be glad to learn that he has suffered nothing from his desperate effort to save the lives of his men." After the surrender of Gen. Cailles he happened one day at Calamba to see Lieut. McCaskey, and rec- ognized him as the officer who, at a critical moment, had saved the life of his chief of staff, to whom he was much attached. He was very ardent and earnest in the expression of his gratitude. Since his return from the Philippines (1902) he has been stationed at ,Fort Yates and Fort Lincoln, near Bismarck, N. Dak. He was married in 1899 to Miss Edna Mc- Clelland, of Beech Creek, Clinton Co., Pa. His name Bogardus is that of a maternal ancestor. Domi- nie Everardus Bogardus, who came from Holland in 1633, the second clergyman of New Amsterdam, now the city of New York. He came over in the ship "Zoutberg" with Gov. Wouter Van Twiller, and is described, in the "Annals of Old Manhattan," as a "tall and stately man of high character and hot tem- per." He was a powerful personality in the province and so relentless in denunciation from the pulpit of the excesses of Van Twiller and Keift, the first two Dutch governors, that the old record tells how on one occasion Keift ordered the drums to be beaten during the sermon to drown the preacher's voice. The first church was built for him in 1633, on Pearl street, be- tween the present lines of Broad and Whitehall, and into it the congregation of fifty members was trans- ferred from the "mill-tower" where service had pre- viously been held. In 1639 he married Anneke Jans, in whose right the Bogardus heirs long claimed cer- tain valuable property belonging to the Trinity Church corporation in New York. Their descend- ants have multiplied to many thousands. The ship in which he sailed for Holland Aug. 16, 1647, to lay his difference with Keift before the Classis of Amsterdam, was named "The Princess," and was wrecked on the coast of Wales. About one hundred of the passengers were drowned, including "both Gov. Keift and Dominie Bogardus. Cornelius Bogardus, son of Everardus, was baptized Sept. 9, 1640. He married Rachel Dewitt. Their son Cornelius, born Jan. 5, 1698, married Catharine Tuoor Dec. 23, 1722. They had thirteen children, of whom Cornelius, third son, married Marry Philips. John, the fourth of their five children, married Elizabeth Lawson Jan^ 20, 1783. Cornelius, the eldest of their nine children^ married Margaret Long Sept. 8, 1808. Of their six children, Sarah, the eldest daughter, was married to- Asa H. Chase Feb. 24, 1835. Of their three children, Ellen Margaret, the eldest, was married to John P. McCaskey at Bath, N. Y., Aug. 8, i860, and of their seven children Walter Bogardus is the fourth son. Asa H. Chase, his maternal grandfather, the eld- est of nine children, was born July 21, 1809, and had the reputation, when a young man, of being one of the best stage drivers in western New York ; in the- stage vernacular of that early day, "able to cut a fly off the ear of his lead horse." He was afterward a well-known passenger conductor on the Pennsyl- vania Railroad, always a good churchman, and a mam of sterling charaJcter. He married Sarah C. Bo- gardus Feb. 24, 1835. His father, Caleb Chase, borm April II, 1781, the oldest of three children, was a stonemason, noted for great strength, activity and skill in athletics. He married Barthenia Harris, of Connecticut, an estimable woman, the memory of whose virtues yet survives. His father, Joshua Chase, was born May 25, 1722, was married twice and had eight children in all. Caleb was the eldest son by the second marriage. The father of Joshua- was Benjamin Chase, born July 15, 1682, the fourth of six children ; he married Mercy Simmons June 23,. 1703. He was the son of Benjamin Chase, Sr., youngest of three children, born in 1639, who mar- ried Philippe Sherman. William Chase and his wife Mary came to Massachusetts from England in 1630, just ten years after the landinsr of the Plymouth col- ony. On the records of the first church in Roxbury,. now Boston Highlands, is the following minute, sup- posed to be in the handwriting of Rev. John Eliot, com.monly called the Apostle to the Indians, who was the first pastor of that church : "William Chase came with the first company (1630), bringing with him his wife Mary and his oldest son William." He died in May, 1659, at Yarmouth. These lines of de- scent have been carefully kept in church records, the old family Bibles, and also, on the Bogardus side, through the claim, for generations, upon the Trinity Church property. Heredity is the first important fac- tor in the makeup of any man, environment the sec- ond. It is very interesting to trace lines of worthy descent, and we add these paragraphs here that they may go into this record of biographical annals. JOHN GANTNER, born in Lancaster July 4, 1 76 1, enlisted at the age of seventeen in the company- of Capt. John Hubeley, and marched under his com- mand to Shamokin (now Sunbury) , to assist in re- pelling Indian attacks on the settlers. After sus- taining the hardships of a winter campaign on the- Susquehanna; he returned to Lancaster and was- discharged. He afterward joined Colonel Armand's corps, and served two years, when he was discharged. He then enlisted in Capt. Sharp's company of dragoons, and was on the march to Yorktown, when BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 12g- the news of the surrender of Cornwallis was re- ceived and they_ turned back. The date of the death of this Revolutionary hero has not been preserved. WILLIAM R. WILSON. The profession of law when clothed with its true dignity and purity and strength, must rank first among the callings of men, for law rules the universe. The work of the legal profession is to formulate, to harmonize, to regulate, to adjust and to administer those rules and principles that underlie and permeate all govern- ment and society, and control the varied relations of man. As thus viewed, there attaches to the legal profession a nobleness that cannot but be reflected in the life of the true lawyer, who, conscious of the dignity and distinction of his profession, and honest in the pursuit of his purpose, embraces the richness of learning, the profoundness of wisdom, the firm- ness of integrity and the purity of morals, together with the graces of modesty, courtesy and the general amenities of life. Of this type of the profession was Mr. Wilson, who stood among the eminent members of the Bar of Lancaster county, and whose life was one of signal usefulness and honor in all its relations. In his private life he was distinguished by all that marks the true gentleman. His was a noble charac- ter, one that subordinated personal ambition to pub- lic good, and sought rather the benefit of others than the aggrandizement of self. He was the architect of his own fortunes, and his success was niost worthily achieved. Endowed with high intellectual qualities, to which were added the embellishments and discipline of culture, his was a most attractive personality. Well versed in the learning of his pro- fession, and with a deep knowledge of the well- springs of human thought and action, with great sagacity and extraordinary tact, he gained prestige as one of the representative members of the Pennsyl- vania Bar, which he honored with his life and ser\nces. He was summoned from the field of life's activities Feb. 26, 1901, and in the city of Lancaster, where he had maintained his home for more than half a century, his death came as a personal bereavement to the community, while it was fully realized that an able lawyer and a noble man had passed to his reward, in the fullness of years and well earned honors. The great-grandfather of William R. Wilson was of Scotch-Irish extraction, and his grandfather was born in New York, near the Canadian line, and he eventually removed thence to Amity, Berks Co., Pa., where he married a Miss DeHart, who was a near relative of the Boone family, of which the celebrated frontiersman, Daniel Boone, was a mem- ber. The grandfather of our subject was a trader in furs, a line of enterprise much in vogue in the early days, and his children were two in number, namely : Sarah, who became the wife of R. Ringler ; and John, the father of the subject of this memoir. John Wilson was born in Amity township, Berks county, in 1792, and was there reared. About 1814 9 he removed to Reamstown, Lancaster county, where he passed the residue of his life, his death occurring Oct. 28, 1854, at which time he was sixty-two years of age. John Wilson was a self-made man in the best sense of the term. Though his early educational advantages were of the most meager sort, by per- sonal application and well directed study he became a man of learning and broad mental grasp. He was- one of the first men to open an English. school in that section of Lancaster county of which Reamstown is the center, and he was for many years a successful teacher, not only of children, but also of young men and women, for that locality was at that time almost entirely given to the German language, which Mr. Wilson acquired most thoroughly, thus enabling himself successfully to instruct his pupils in the English. In 1825 he was commissioned justice of the peace by Governor Andrew Shulze, and for fif- teen years he conducted a large and important busi- ness in this line, The office then became elective, and he was chosen by popular vote as incumbent of the same for another decade, thus serving as justice for a consecutive period of a quarter of a century. He was also a scrivener from 1825 until the time of his death. He served as major in the State militia in the early days, and was one of the commissioners at the division of the Cocalicos. He was a stanch supporter of the Democratic party, and was at one time a candidate on its ticket for representative in the lower house of the State Legislature. He was a man of lofty integrity, and was highly respected and much loved in the community where he passed so many years of his long and useful life. In November, 18 15, at Reamstown, John Wilson married Miss Lydia Rhoads, who preceded him into eternal rest, her death occurring March 9, 1846, and both are interred in the churchyard at Reamstown. William R. Wilson, the subject of this memoir, was born in Reamstown, Lancaster county, Jan. 20, 1826, .and there his early life was passed. His edu- cational advantages were very limited in scope, since the impaired health of his father rendered it neces- sary for him to assist in the latter's office, his practi- cal service in the line being initiated at the early age of fourteen years, while he thus aided in the support of the family, in which there were twelve children. He remained at the parental home until he had at- tained his legal majority, devoting every possible opportunitv to study and the reading of the best class of literature, and he decided to adopt the profession of law as his vocation in life. Upon leaving home he came to Lancaster, and was entirely dependent upon his own resources for a livelihood. On April 19, 1847, he began the study of law in the office of the late Colonel Reah Frazer, at Lancaster, locally famous as the "war horse of Democracy," and rec- ognized as one of the able members of the Bar of the county. The two gentlemen became firm friends and so continued until death severed the ties, each haying named a son in honor of the other.' Mr. Wilson devoted himself assiduously to his technical 130 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY study, and was admitted to the Bar of the State Aug. i8, 1849. In the following spring he here entered upon the active practice of his profession, and this he continued consecutively and with an eminent de- gree of success, until the time of his death, repre- senting a period of more than half a century. With one exception he was, at the time of demise, the oldest lawyer, in point of service, of the Bar of the county, and no member was held in higher confidence and esteem. Mr. Wilson was for twenty-five years a member of the board which examines candidates for admission to the Bar, and was chairman of the same at the time of his death. The other members, in harmony with his personal request, acted as pall- bearers at his funeral. He was vice-president of the Lancaster Bar Association. He controlled a large and representative practice and was widely known, especially through the northern part of the county. He was for fifteen years a member of the board of education of Lancaster, and was known as a man of most scholarly attainments, being well read in all branches of literature, and having an excellent knowl- edge of the German language, which he acquired by personal application, his entire schooling having been confined to seven months, but this fact having slight bearing upon the acquirement of knowledge on the parr of the determined and industrious youth. He always manifested a deep interest in politics, and rendered most effective service in many campaigns. Of his political proclivities a formerly published tribute spoke as follows : "He was a Democrat of Dem.ocrats. His faith never failed ; his interest never abated ; his ardor never cooled ; and his loyalty never was questioned. Before the war, during the war, and after the war he remained the advocate, on the stump and in private, of Jacksonian principles. He voted as he believed and talked. He neither courted nor shunned political honors, and the frequent marks of his party's favor 'which came to him were highly appreciated, though unsolicited and barren of profit." He was a member of the city council on various oc- casions, and also served for a time as city solicitor. Of his ability in his profession one who knew him well has spoken as follows : "Mr. Wilson was a lawyer of much learning and painstaking care. He never went to trial without elaborate preparation on the law and the facts, and never quit until he had exhausted every resource. He was a familiar figure in the Appellate courts, and never failed to command the respect of these bodies for his erudition and in- genuity. He had the dignity and courtesy of what we must, too often, call the 'old school,' and but few surpassed him in cordiality and grace of manner. He was urbane toward his associates, especially the juniors of the Ear, and with him passes away almost the last active practitioner of his generation." His first case before the Supreme court was in 1853, and from that time forward he was concerned in much important litigation in this section of the State. His death occurred as the direct result of a stroke of apoplexy. The parents of Mr. Wilson were members of the German Reformed Church, and while he never formally united with any religious organization he was a regular attendant and liberal supporter of the Presbyterian Church, having been chairman of the board of auditors of the Lancaster church for more than twenty years, and having held other official positions in the same. He was one of the pall-bearers of President James Buchanan, and acted as auditor of his estate. In the city of Harrisburg, Pa., on Jan. 10, 1852, Mr. Wilson was united in marriage to Miss Caroline S. Oberlv, daughter of Frederick and Maria Oberly, and her death occurred April 16, 1899. They became the parents of four children, of whom we enter the following brief record : Reali F., who is supervisor of one of the western divisions of the Pennsylvania Railroad, with headquarters at Blairsville, this State, was united in marriage, in 1883, to Miss Mary Mc- Gecham, of Lancaster, and they have three children, James R., Agnes and May ; Lanna Theodosia remains at the old home ; Harry O. still remains in the office of his father ; and Alphonso is deceased. In speaking of the death of Mr. Wilson a local paper summed up as follows: "All in all, we shall not look upon his like again. His taking off snaps a link in the chain that bound us to the past. His death will be mourned; his life and experience will remain a pleasant and useful memory ; his place will not be filled." AMOS R. HOUGENDOBLER, postmaster at Columbia, and one of the oldest shoe merchants in the city, comes of an old and honored family which originated in Switzerland, three brothers of the name coming to Lancaster county over two hundred years ago. John, Nicholas and Isaac Hougendobler took part in the Revolutionary war, and are men- tioned in the archives of the State. John purchased 600 acres of land in Hempfield township, near the Wrightsville Ferry, at the close of the Revolution, and a part of this original purchase is still in the pos- session of the family. Amos R. Hougendobler, so well and favorably known in his locality, was born Oct. 3, 1843, in West Hempfield township, three miles from Colum- bia, son of Plenry and Catherine (Getz) Hougen- dobler, both of whom lived on the old homestead tmtil the close of their lives. The former died in 1856, at the age of fifty-seven, and the latter in De- cember, 1 88 1, at the age of eighty-eight, and the remains of both were buried in their private ceme- tery. They were most worthy members of the United Brethren Church. The record of their eleven chil- dren is as follows: EHzabeth (deceased) married John M. Greider, a prominent man in Lancaster county, he having served as justice of the peace, and also as Lancaster county treasurer ; George, who died unmiarried in 1871, served four years in the army during the Civil war, and was killed in a stone qiiarry ; Henry met death in an ore mine, at the age BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 131 ■of seventeen; Christianna (deceased), married Aaron R. Lutz; Albert died in infancy; Barbara married Hiram C. Lockard, of West Hempfield township; Cattierme (deceased), married Henry Baker, wlio was killed in battle in the front of Richmond, Va. ; Mary married William Berntheisel, a retired farmer of West Hempfield township ; John A. was shot through the heart at the battle of South Mountain, during the Civil war; Amos R. is the subject proper of these lines; Adeline became Mrs. Briggs, of Tyrone, Pennsylvania. Amos R. Hougendobler was reared on a farm in West Hempfield township, and attended the district school. At the a,ge of twelve years he came to Colum- bia and entered the store of H. F. FonDersmith, as clerk, remaining with him one year, when he was ■offered a larger salary, going into the store of Peter Haldeman, where he remained until the outbreak of the Civil war, in 1861. Urged by patriotic impulses, Mr. Hougendobler ■enlisted for the service of his country, joining Co. K, 5th Pa. Reserves, known as the Cookman Rangers (so named by Joseph Fisher, who was appointed captain). But almost at the beginning of his service he met with a serious accident. Being first in the line of march, Campbell's Battery ran over his left heel on June 27, 1861. He was again unfortunate, heing slightly wounded in the left leg at the battle ■of the Wilderness, May 6, 1864, and was sent to the Columbia College Hospital, in Washington, D. C. This was particularly discouraging, as the accident •came iipon the very day that his three-years' term of enlistment expired. He endured but one month in the hospital before he joined his company and came home. Mr. Hougendobler's war record is a ■grand one, and one of which his descendants will ^e very proud in the years to come. He participated in the following battles: Drainesville, Mechanics- ville, Gaines Mills, Charles City Cross Roads, Savage Station, Malvern Hill, Bull Run, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Bristol Station, Mine Run and the AVilderncss. At Fredericksburg few of his company escaped death or wounds, or at least bullet holes in their clothing. Plis term of service expiring, Mr. Hougendobler was discharged at Harrisburg, Pa., June 14, 1864. The saddest experience of his army life was the death of his brother John, who was in the same company, and was shot through the heart, at South Mountain, Sept. 14, 1862; his body was hrought home and placed in the family graveyard, about two and a half miles northeast of Columbia, adjoining the farm wliere the family has lived more than sixtv years. On Sept. 6, 1864, Miss Margaret Kneisly was married, in Columbia, to Amos R. Hougendobler, and this union has also' been blessed with eleven. chil- dren: Ella M., who married Edward B. Koons, a contractor in Columbia; Clara K., who married Charles Curvel, superintendent of a shirt cutting factory in Chester, Pa. ; Margaret, a school teacher ; Catherine, who was educated in the Hahnemann Training School for Nurses, in Philadelphia; John Andrew, a silk mill loom repairer (he is married) ; Anna G., a well known professional trained nurse at the Methodist Hospital, at Philadelphia, Pa.; Emily A., who stays in the store, as do also Harry and William (twins) ; Charles D., a clerk in the Columbia post office ; and Mary E., attending school. Mrs. Hougendobler was born in Columbia June 27, i'S45, a daughter of Andrew and Margaret (Fordney) Kneisly, of Manor township. Andrew Kneisly was a blacksmith by trade, but later became boss inspector for the Pennsylvania Railway Co., and after a service of thirty years with the railroad was killed, a train running over him, in October, 1881, at the age of fifty-nine years. For many years he was a class-leader in the M. E. Church, and he was an active Christian in every walk of life. He was connected with the I. O. O. F., being a charter member of Susquehanna Lodge, No. 80, Columbia, and had held many of the offices. Mrs. Kneisly died at the age of eighty-one, and was buried in Mt. Beth- el cemetery. The family located in Columbia in 1834. The children born to these worthy people were as follows: William, a car inspector, who died in Columbia; Anna, a resident of Columbia; David and Barbara, deceased in infancy ; Emma, a resident of Columbia; Samuel, who died in infancy; Mar- garet, the wife of Mr. Hougendobler ; and Benjamin, who died in infancy. Misses Anna and Emma con- duct a notion store in Columbia, and are highly es- teemed ladies. Mr. Hougendobler is one of the prominent men of Columbia, and is now postmaster there, having been appointed to that office through Hon. Marriott Brosius, in 1898. By his industry, efficiency and courtesy Mr. Hougendobler has given general sat- isfaction. He is a charter member of Gen. Welsh Post, No. 118, G. A. R., and is one of its past com- manders and active members. He was a member of Department Commander Alfred Dart's stafif in 1897, and is on the executive committee for Lancas- ter county of the Central Association of the Penn- sylvania G. A. R. He is also a charter member of an A. O. M. P. lodge in Columbia, is a past master artisan and was trustee for many years. In politics he is a Republican, and he is an active and prominent member of his party in the city and county. JOSEPH EHRENFRIED was born in May- ence, Hessen-Darmstadt, Germany, Dec. 25, 1783. His parents were Catholic in faith and designed him for the pries^iood, sending him to school with that object in view. When he was nineteen years of age he left his native country, emigrating to America in 1802. He began his career in this country as a school teacher in the Grove school house, in East Donegal township, in 1803. A short while after- ward he secured a situation as translator and book- keeper in Albright's printing establishment in Lan- caster, where he acquired a practical knowledge of that art. 182 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY In 1808 Joseph Ehrenfried and William Hamil- ton established the Volksfreund, a German news- paper, which he disposed of to Johan Baer in 1817, the paper still being published in Lancaster by the son of Air. Baer. He continued, however, in the employ of Air. Baer for twenty years, during which time he translated a number of works into German, which were published, among them being "Buck's Theological Dictionary" and "Ehrenfried's Collo- quial Phrases." In 1837 Air. Ehrenfried visited Germany, and re- turning to this country, located in Harrisburg, where he published the Vaterland's Waechter, and during the administration of Governor Ritner he held the office of German State Printer. He afterward es- tablished the Friedenboten, a German newspaper at Allentown, Pa. This he disposed of and returned to I,ancaster, where in the autumn of 1845 he became deputy register of wills, which office he filled until in i860. In 1816 he became a Swedenborgian in faith and in 1835 connected himself with the Lan- caster New Jerusalem Society, of which he was president for twenty years. In 1809 he married Airs. Ann (Hubley) Smith, who was a daughter of Bernard Hubley, Esq., of Lancaster. He died Alarch 6, 1862, esteemed by all who knew him. CHARLES HOWELL LOCHER. For five generations members of the Locher family have fol- lowed one line of industry, beginning it among the hills of Alaryland, as an accessory to extensive farm- ing operations, and pursuing it with accelerated skill and profit. To Charles Howell Locher, presi- dent of the City Savings Fund & Trust Company, of Lancaster, the industry has been only an accessory to extensive financial and business operations, in which he has been most successfully interested. Seven generations back Henry Locher, the founder of the family in America, left his native home in Switzerland and settled in the Colony of Virginia. Some of his descendants removed to Alaryland, where Jacob Locher, the grandfather of Charles Howell, owned and operated a large farm, on the Hagerstown pike, 112 acres of which remained, until very recently, in the possession of the family. Jacob Locher was also a tanner and currier, as were his father and grandfather before him. He was a patriotic American, and during the war of 18 12 en- listed from Alaryland in the American army. He married Alary Grove, daughter of an extensive farmer of Alaryland, and removed ta Lancaster county, Pa., later continuing the leather trade at Harrisburg, where he died at the age of sixty-two years. His wife survived to the age of seventy- three, passing away in 1871. David P. Locher, father of Charles Howell, was born at Shepherdstown, Va. (now West Virginia), on the banks of the Potomac, in July, 1827. He came with his parents to Lancaster county, and in the early days of his manhood became interested in busi- ness which he prosecuted most successfully through- out life, becoming one of the best known business- men in Lancaster. He built a small tannery on South Prince street, which he operated for two years, then building a larger tannery, which he managed successfully for many years, until 1868. In 1876 he bought a tannery on South Prince street, which he extended and operated most profitably until his death. A/[r. Locher also owned and conducted an excellent and well improved farm of 120 acres in Alanheim township, this county, which is still in the possession of the family. He was greatly interested in fine stock, and his herd of blooded Jersey cattle was the admiration of farming communities for many miles around. He was an admirable judge of horses, and kept a fine stable in Lancaster, his four- in-hand of Hambletonian breed being the only one in the city for many years. It was in 1870 that he engaged in the banking business in partnership with his son, Charles Howell, who has since followed that foundation branch of finance with remarkable suc- cess. In November, 1848, David P. Locher was mar- ried, at Lancaster, Pa., to Clementina AI., daughter of Robert Evans, a merchant of Lancaster. To this imion were born four sons, Charles Howell, Robert E., Grove and Clement E., the three last-named be- ing, respectively, president, secretary and treasurer of the Park Run Tanning Company, incorporated in. 1895, and succeeding to the business so successfully conducted by the father. The death of David P. Locher occurred Feb. 11, 1884, when he was aged nearly fifty-seven years. His widow survives, re- siding in Lancaster, on East King street. She is a devout member of the Presbyterian Church, and a. lady most highly esteemed for her many womanly and Christian qualities. Charles Howell Locher was born at Pottsville,. Pa., Oct. 21, 1849. The following year his parents- returned to Lancaster, and there he spent his child- hood and boyhood. He attended the city schools, and from the Lancaster high school, in February^ 1867, he entered the bank of Evans, McEvoy & Co., as a clerk. While gaining experience there he ac- quired a taste for a financial career. On Nov. 30, 1870, the business of Evans, AIcEvoy & Co. was pur- chased by his father and himself, under the firm name of D. P. Locher & Son, the partnership con- tinuing until the death of the father, in 1884. The bank then became the property of Charles tl. and Robert E., his brother. It is now the City Savings Fund & Trust Company, located at the corner of West King street and Penn Square, and has a paid-up capital stock of $150,000. Charles Howell Locher is president and one of the directors. Air. Locher has also been interested in many other successful business enterprises. In June, 1894, in company with John Keller and Alichael Reilly, he purchased the Lancaster & Quarryville narrow gauge railroad, fifteen miles in length. The com- pany was , reorganized, with Charles Howell Locher '/■/, C^^yO BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 133 as president, and he operated the road in connection with the board of directors until Dec. 28, 1899, when the property was sold for $350,000 to the Pennsyl- vania Railroad Company. Mr. Locher is also inter- ested in the Park Run Tanning Company, incor- porated in 189s by the consolidation of the Cones- toga Oak Tannery and the Park Run Tannery, both owned by Mr. Locher and brothers. The six stock- holders were Mr. Locher, his three brothers, his mother and George Greiner, foreman, who is now ■deceased. In 1894 Charles H. Locher was one of the organizers of the Citizens Power, Light & Heat- ing Company, which sold their property at a hand- some profit to the Edison Company. He is now di- Tector and treasurer of the Lancaster Electric Light, Power & Heating Company. For the past twenty years he has been a stockholder and secretary of the Lancaster Hotel Company; he is trtasurer oi the Conestoga Fire Insurance Company, having $100,000. capital; and president of the Lancaster & Columbia Railway Company. He is also treasurer ■of the Woodward Hill Cemetery Association. In 1887 he laid out an addition to Harrisburg, a tract ■of thirteen acres, which was subsequently sold in building lots at a handsome profit, and is now well improved. Mr. Locher is recognized as one of Lan- 'caster's most capable and successful business men. While prospering to an unusual degree in his own "business affairs, his success contributes also to the .^general advancement of the city, for his investment? and enterprises are constructive in their nature and insure the general welfare. He is public-spirited and generous in disposition, and earnestly supports those measures that promise to advance the best in- terests of Lancaster. Mr. Locher was married, at Pittsburg, Pa., in 1872, to Miss Lila S. Reno, a native of Beaver coun- ty, Pa., daughter of Eli Reno, a farmer, who was also engaged in steamboating. To Mr. and Mrs. l^ocher were born five children, namely : David R., Mira E., James R., Lila R. and Robert E. David R. is president of the Eastern Milling & Export Com- pany, of Philadelphia; he was married Oct. 23, 1901, to Miss Mary Eshleman, of Lancaster. Mira E. married Jay Nevin Shroder, manufacturer of paints in Lancaster, and they have one child. Jay N., Tr. Lila R. was married April 12, 1902, to Frederick Atwood -McVay, treasurer of the Pittsburg Trust 'Company. In politics Mr. Locher is a Republican, and he is serving at present as a member of the school board •of Lancaster. ALEXANDER CRAIG, M. D. (deceased). The ■entire medical career of this eminent physician of Columbia belongs to that city. His practice extend- ■€d over a period of thirty-four years, beginning im- mediately after graduation and continuing until BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 135 Spencer, an attorney at law, in Lancaster ; Frank, a bookkeeper in the Lancaster Trust Company; and John Miller, who died when twelve years old, from tetanns. Mr. Snmmy was engaged in the lumber and coal trade in Marietta from 1852 to i860, and then bought a farm in East Hempfield township, which he sold to buy the coach works of A. B. Landis, in Mt. Joy, where he continued five years. Selling out, he finally located on a farm in Manheim township, where he resided until April, 1902. In 1866 he bought the Abbeville Mills, on the Columbia pike, in Manor township, renting the property until April, 1902, when he took charge of the same himself, running the mills and renting the farm. But Mr. Summy had a varied career before he came to Manheim. At one time he ran the grist and saw mills at GraefiE's Land- ing; was in business at Marietta; ran a sawmill at Chickies ; was United States storekeeper and ganger at various distilleries ; filled a clerkship in the War Department at Washington; was deputy marshal under Elias Billingfelt, State marshal of Lancaster county during the State draft ordered by Gov. Curtin ; rjnd afterward assistant assessor under James Alexander, when the excise laws were first enacted and enforced : was a school director in his district ; and was elected and re-elected to the council in Marietta. He served one term in the General Assem- bly from East Hempfield, and another while living at Mt. Joy. In the Assembly he served on important committees, and gave much attention to the interests of his constituents. BENJAMIN SMITH BARTON, son of the Rev. Thomas Barton, pastor of St. James' Episcopal Church, Lancaster, was born in that city Feb. 10, 1766, his mother having been Esther Rittenhouse, a daughter of the celebrated philosopher David Rit- tenhouse. The death of his parents was the cause of his removal to Philadelphia in 1782, when he took a course at Goettingen and there obtained the himself to the study of the sciences and medicine. Going to Great Britain in 1786 he pursued his stud- ies at Edinburgli and London. He subsequently took a course at Gottingen and there obtained the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He returned to Philadelphia in 1789, and began the practice of medicine. The same year he was appointed Pro- fessor of Natural History and Botany in the College of Philadelphia, and continued in that professorship after the college was merged into the University of Penn.-;ylvania m 1791. On the resignation of Dr. Griffiths he was appointed Professor of Materia Medica, and he succeeded Dr. Rush in the depart- ment of the Theory and Practice of Medicine on the death of the latter. He died Dec. 19, 1816. Dr. Barton contributed much to the natural science of this country and published a number of valuable works, among them being "Elements of Botany," which appeared in 1803 ; he also in 1805 commenced the publication of the Medical and Phy- sical Journal. As a naturalist his merits were un- common and he has the honor of being the first American who gave to his country an elementary wOrk on botany. SQUIRE HIRAM L. THOMPSON, who was for many years prominent as a justice of the peace and pension collector at Buck, Lancaster county, was born in East Drumore township May 8, 1824, a son of Tilghman and Elizabeth (Boehm) Thomp- son. The father was born in Harford county, Md., in March, 1804, and the mother in Lancaster county, in November, 1808. Tilghman Thompson was the son of Nicholas Thompson, a native of Maryland, and a soldier of the war of 18 12, who came to Lancaster county ii; 1 8 14, and was located near Conestoga Springs for some years. Then, taking with him a part of his family, he moved to the remote West, where he died. His wife died in Lancaster county. They had one son, Tilghman, and two daughters : Rachel, wife of Martin Shaub, who moved into Ohio, where they died ; and Sarah A., who married John Wilson, and is living, a widow, in Illinois. Tilghman Thompson began life as a farmer in Lancaster county, but presently became a merchant, and was for some years engaged at Martinsville, this county, in that line. He purchased a farm and hotel property near Clearfield Church, in this county, where he made his home for some years, and then .bought a farm on the State road leading to the McCall Ferry, where he died in January, 1864. His widow passed to her reward in 1887. Mr. and Mrs. Thompson belonged to the Methodist Church, and are remembered in that communion as good, earnest Christian people. In politics he was a Whig and a Republican. Hiram L. was their only child. Hiram L. Thompson acquired his education in the public schools, and when he was sixteen took up the work of a school teacher, in which he made. a decided success. For eight years he taught at the Rising Sun school house, and he was also en- gaged at his profession in Maryland. In 1842 he taught school in Ohio, but after a year there came back to Pennsylvania. He taught in all for thirty- five years. Squire Thompson was a man of scholarly attainments, and by close application largely in- creased the somewhat limited education which he secured in the public schools and the Carlisle Pre- paratory School, which he attended for three months. 'Squire Thompson was married, in April, 1846, to Miss Jane Laird, daughter of John Laird, of Rawlinsville, where Mrs. Thompson was born, and where she died in 1863, leaving one son, Tilghman L., who, following in his father's footsteps, also be- came a distinguished teacher. He was teaching at Quarryville when he was stricken with a fatal sick- ness, and passed away, leaving a wife and three children, Cora, Charlie and . 'Squire Thompson was married the second time. 136 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY in 1886, to Miss Lizzie A. Beecher, daughter of Benjamin and Mary (Herr) Beecher, and the same year they settled on the present farm in East Dru- more township. Mrs. Thompson was born in East Drumore in 1844. Hiram L. Thompson was a member of Co. I, I22d P. V. I., serving as sergeant of his company. For a time he was detailed as a clerk of his regi- ment. He was in the battles of Cloud Mills, second Bull Run, Fredericksburg (December, 1862) and Chancellorsville. When his term of enlistment had expired he was honorably discharged, at Harris- burg. Hiram L. Thompson was elected a justice of the peace in East Drumore township, was reelected, and served until his death, giving excellent satis- faction to all concerned in the administration of the important duties of that position. Always a Re- publican, he was an active worker in the interests of that party, and his influence was widespread. He belonged to the Methodist Church, where his substantial and reliable character commanded re- spect and confidence, and served as trustee at Mt. Hope and also at Quarryville. His widow also unites with that church. Mr. Thompson died at his home in East Drumore. Jan. 16, 1902, after a few days' illness, in his seventy-eighth year. His wife and three grandchildren survive. The funeral was held on Jan. 19th, with services and interment at the Clearfield M. E. Church. JOHN B. WARFEL was born in Paradise township, Lancaster county, Sept. 19, 1830, son of John Warfel, who was a farmer until 1836, in which year he was appointed recorder of deeds for Lan- caster county; he then with his family removed to Lancaster city. Mr. Warfel's paternal great-great-grandfather, George Warfel, came from Germany, and was one of the early settlers of what is now Conestoga town- ship, Lancaster county. He was twice married, and by his first wife had two sons, Henry and Peter. Henry married Margaret Good, and by that union had seven children, three sons and four daughters. Their second son, Jacob, married Mary Stoutzen- berg, whose father was Jacob Stoutzenberg, and whose mother was Barbara Eekman, a granddaugh- ter of Mathias Slaymaker, who came to this country from Strasburg, Germany, in 1710. Jacob and Mary (Stoutzenberg) Warfel had five children, one son and four daughters. John Warfel, the eldest, and father of John B., married Maria Eshleman. John B. Warfel's maternal great-great-grand- father, Jacob Eshleman, came to this country in the ship "Mortonhouse," from Holland, landing in Phila- delphia in August, 1729. He was married to Bar- bara Barr, and they had one son Jacob, who married Barbara Groff, a descendant of Hans (John) Groff, a native of Switzerland, who was one of the first set- tlers in the Pequea Valley. Barbara Groff's mother was Barbara Brackbill,' a daughter of Rev. Benedic- tus Brackbill, who with his family came from Ger- many, landing at Philadelphia Aug. 24, 1717, and settling in what is now Strasburg township, Lan- caster county. Jacob and Barbara (Groff) Eshle- man had eight children. The eldest, Jacob, married Mary Brackbill, who was a daughter of Benedict Brackbill and his wife, Mary (Kendig), and a granddaughter of Ulrich Brackbill and his wife Fanny (Herr). Ulrich Brackbill was a son of Rev. Benedictus Brackbill, and Fanny Herr was a grand- daughter of John (or Hans) Herr, who came from Switzerland in 1710, and who was the progenitor of the numerous Herr family now living in Lancaster county. Jacob and Mary (Brackbill) Eshleman had twelve children, Maria, the wife of John Warfel, and mother of John B. Warfel, being the fourth. John B. Warfel received his education in the public schools of Lancaster, at the Strasburg Acad- emy, and at Lewisburg (now Bucknell) University. From the latter, in 1895, he received the honorary degree of A. M. He taught the public school in the village of Paradise during the term of 1849-50, and the public school in Strasburg borough during the term of 1853-54. In the spring of 1854 he com- menced farming on the place where he was born, and he continued in that occupation until 1863. In 1855 Mr. Warfel was elected a justice of the peace for Paradise township, and was re-elected in i860. When elected a justice he commenced the practice of surveying and conveyancing, and in the latter business had a large clientage. He was elected a school director for Paradise township in the spring of 1856, and was re-elected in 1859 and 1862. In January, 1863, Mr. Warfel was appointed an ex- aminer in the United States Pension Bureau, at Washington,. D. C. He then abandoned farming, resigned his several positions in Paradise township, and with his family moved to Washington. While in that city, and serving as an examiner in the Pen- sion ofifice, Mr. Warfel commenced the study of law at Columbia College, attending the lectures at night. He graduated with the class of 1867, and shortly afterward was admitted to practice in the courts of Washington city, and at Lancaster, Pa. In April, 1867, he was appointed by the President of the United States assessor of Internal Revenue for the 9th Pennsylvania District, and he then moved with his family from Washington to Lancaster. In the spring of 1869 he was elected a member of the Lan- caster city school board, and he has been re-elected and has served as a school director from that time to the present (1902). He was president of the board in 1877-78-79-80. In 1869 he was elected senator, to represent Lancaster county in the State Senate. He was re-elected in 1872, and again in 1875, ^"^d while in the Senate was chairman of the following standing committees : Federal Relations, Education, Private Claims and Damages, Railroads, and Pensions and Gratuities. In May, 1872, Mr. ■V\''arfel was appointed a State trustee of the Normal School at Millersville, and he has been re-appointed. J^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 137 serving continuously as such to the present time ; he has been president of the board since May, 1897. In 1876 he was one of the Presidential electors for Pennsylvania, on the Republican ticket, elected to cast the vote of the State for Rutherford B. Hayes. He was president of the Howard Benevolent Asso- ciation of Lancaster for a number of years ; president •of the Lancaster County Society for the Prevention •of Cruelty to Animals for more than a quarter of a century; a- director of the Farmers National Bank for a number of years until 1888, and since then has been a director in the Lancaster County National Bank. He was one of the organizers and for some time the manager of the Inquirer (now Wicker- sham) Printing Company; was director and presi- dent of the Union Building & Loan Association; and director of the West End Building & Loan As- sociation. He has been trustee and W. M. of Lodge No. 43, A. F. & A. M., and trustee of Lancaster Commandery, No. 13, K. T. He has been a trustee ■of the Lancaster Cemetery Association since Feb- ruary, 1882. He is also a trustee of the Home •of Friendless Children, of Lancaster; of the Stevens Orphans' Home, of Lancaster; and of the Henry G.' Long Asylum, also of that city. As •executor and trustee Mr. War f el has had charge of a number of estates, several of them quite large, and ■these occupied a great deal of his time and attention from 1874 to 1897. In April, 1877, i"^ connection Avith J. M. W. Geist, Mr. Warfel commenced the publication of The New Era Daily and Weekly newspapers, and continued thus engaged until May 15, 1897, when he withdrew from the partnership, and retired from active business. Mr. Warfel was married to Mary, daughter of the late Col. Isaac Girvin, of Strasburg township, Lancaster county. Of the children born to this imion the following survive: Ila, wife of William F. Beyer, Esq. ; John G., one of the firm of The New Era Printing Company ; and Jessie F., at home. One son, Robert, died young. REV. JOHN B. LANDIS, deceased. The trav- ■eler through many portions of the State of Pennsyl- vania, particularly through Lancaster county, will ■not fail to observe the air of comfort and neatness prevailing around the farmhouses, the excellence of the improvements, and the fine state of cultivation of the land, and perhaps come to a better under- standing of the thriving appearance of his surround- ings when he notices the modest white structures along the well-kept highways, in which devoted ministers of the Mennonite Church minister to their people. Many of the residents belong to that simple Christian denomination, and among those well- known and much beloved was Rev. John B. Landis, who for nearly fifty-three years faithfully served his Master and ministered to tjiis people. Abraham Landis, the father of John B., was the second son of Jacob Landis (3), the family being an old and honored one in this portion of the State, and was born Nov. i, 1767. He passed out of life March 10, 1851, after a Hfe full of good deeds, and he ever stood high in the community. He was engaged as a farmer in East Lampeter township, where he first married a Miss Houser, and after her early death he married, in 1795, Eliza- beth Brenneman, who was born Aug. 11, 1775, and died Nov. 15, 1857, leaving a family of ten children: Hettie, who married Christian Segrist; Nancy, who married Benjamin Stauffer; Jacob; Maria, who married Tobias Kreider; Elizabeth; Tobias; Abra- ham; Benjamin; Adam; and John B. Rev. John B. Landis was born March 5, 1820, in East Lampeter township, and received his educa- tion in the common schools, b§ing a studious and eager pupil. The year following his marriage, which was solemnized in 1844, he settled upon a farm of 108 acres in East Hempfield, and immediately be- gan its improvement, devoting himself to it care- fully and thoroughly, as was his habit, in whatever he undertook. Serious and thoughtful during his youth, it was but natural that he should enter the church at an early age, and on Oct. 18, 1849, ^^ was ordained a minister of the Mennonite faith, in which he had been carefully reared by Godly par- ents. After ordination he took up the ministerial work connected with the Petersburg and Landisville Churches, and for over a half century never wavered in his allegiance, working hard, ministering to the sick and well, with advice, comfort, sympathy and religious counsel, having the great satisfaction of realizing that his work bore good fruit, and that he was of benefit to those he so faithfully tried to direct intp the right path. Quiet and unassuming in manner, John B. Landis inspired respect from all with whom he came into contact, and his death, on April 26, 1902, at the advanced age of eighty- two years, was widely mourned. John B. Landis married Anna Krider, a daugh- ter of Jacob and Elizabeth Krider, who was born near Strasburg Dec. 29, 1819, and passed away Sept. 24, 1880. Although our venerable subject was thus deprived of his beloved companion, a family of children survived, and at one time eleven merry little great-grandchildren belonged to the family, but death has claimed three of these. The children of John B. and Anna Landis were named as follows: Elizabeth (deceased) was the wife of Israel Root ; Maria is the widow of Martin P. Swar, of East Hempfield township ; Anna is the wife of Christian F. Charles, of Mt. Joy township, who is a deacon in the Old Mennonite Church; Katie is the wife of Benjamin F. Charles, of East Hempfield township ; Hettie is the wife of John M. Denlinger, of near Millersville ; Fannie married Daniel Den- linger, of near Kinzers; Jacob has been a resident of the far West since 1890, his present residence being San Francisco. The grandchildren of the family, who are ever welcome in the old home, are as follows: The children of Maria — Salome, Mil- ton, Harry and Martin ; of Anna — Amos, Christian, 138 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Landis, John, Jacob and Anna; of Katie — Ellen, Anna, John, Joseph, Benjamin, Fannie, Jacob, Liz- zie, Katie and Clayton; of Hettie — Landis, Benja- min, Harry, John and Abraham ; of Fannie — Lizzie, Daniel, Fannie, Ruth and Jacob. All are descend- ants of whom the family has reason to be justly proud. DAVID ESHLEMAN, Sr., is one of the oldest and most respected residents of Manor township, Lancaster county, where he was born Nov. 8, i8i7< son of Jacob and Catherine (Lutz) Eshleman, and grandson of John Eshleman, whose wife was a Zigler. Jacob Eshleman, father of David, was also a native of Manor township, and died when over sev- enty-two years of age, a member of the Albright Church. Although the son of a blacksmith, he chose the carpenter's trade as a vocation, and car- rying on same in connection with a small farm suci ceeded in securing a competency. He was thrice married. His first wife bore the maiden name of Catherine Lutz, and they had eight children, viz. : Jacob, a carpenter, went to Sterling, 111., where he died ; Elizabeth was married to Christian Myers, of Manheim township, and is now deceased ; John, a carpenter, died in Hannibal, Mo., at the age of sixty-four years ; Catherine, deceased, was the wife of William Tillman, of Lancaster county, Pa. ; one son died in infancy unnamed; David is mentioned below; Mattie, wife of Michael Hess, died in Illi- nois ; Martin was captured while in the Civil war, and died in Salisbury prison, South Carolina. The second marriage of Jacob Eshleman was tq, Barbara Stoner, who bore him three children, as follows : Daniel, a carpenter, who died in Jackson, Miss. ; Barbara, widow of Frederick Doerstler, and resid- ing in Millersville ; and Christian, who was a shoe- maker by trade, and is now deceased. The third marriage of Jacob Eshleman was to Susan Hurtzler, to which union were born several children, of whom only three reached years of maturity, namely: Susan, who was married to John Herr, of Millers- ville, and is now deceased; Henry, deceased, a farmer; and Annie, wife of Henry Millhause, of Iowa. David Eshleman, Sr., early learned the carpen- ter's trade, but after working at that business four- teen years, rented a 128-acre farm of Jacob Frye, in Manor township, which he occupied three years. He then rented another farm, and a few years later purchased the 128-acre farm mentioned from Jacob Frye, lying south of Creswell, and near Highville. He cultivated it for ten years, and then placed it in charge of his son Isaac, and retired from active labor, but continued his residence on the farm ten years longer, with his son. In 1893 he purchased the property on which he now lives, at Creswell, where he is passing his declining years in quiet retirement. The marriage of David Eshleman, Sr., and Eliza- beth Kauffman, took place June 16, 1844. She was born July 3, 1826, and died July 14, 1880, the mother of nine children, viz. : Isaac, a farmer, and Cyrus, a laborer, of Manor township; Anna, wife of Reuben Baker, a miller, of Martic township ; Aaron, who died when four months old; Hiram, present supervisor of Manor township; Abraham^ who died at the age of nineteen years, ten months; Jacob, who is employed in iron works in Dauphin county ; David, a farmer of Manor township ; and Elizabeth, a graduate of the State Normal School at Millersville, and at present employed as a stenog- rapher in a watch factory at Lancaster. David Eshleman, Sr., although he has lived be- yond the proverbial span of man's life, is still hale and hearty, and bears himself much better than many men that are a quarter of a century his junior. Notwithstanding the immense amount of hard work he has accomplished, he still possesses a constitu- tion of iron and a pleasant and genial disposition. Ever temperate in all things, Mr. Eshleman now enjoys the reward of his abstemiousness and the sincere respect of his acquaintances. He has always been a devout Christian, and was first a member of the Albright Church, but is now a member of the United Evangelical Society; he has contributed lib- erally in his day toward the erection of three church; edifices. CAPT. ELIAS McMELLEN is not only one of the most prominent and familiar figures in the city of Lancaster, but he is a remarkable example of the self-made man. Robert McMellen, his grand- father on his father's side, was a native of the North; of Ireland, and came to America before the Revo- lutionary war, in which he took an active part. He was a farmer, and made his home in Lancaster county. Joseph McMellen, a son of Robert, was a stonemason. He married Barbara, daughter of John and Barbara (Hess) Derredinger, both of whom were natives of Lancaster county, of German descent. Capt. Elias McMellen, son of Joseph and Bar- bara McMellen, was born in the township of Cone- stoga, Lancaster county, Nov. 23, 1839. His motheii was left a widow soon after his birth, the father dying in 1841, at the early age of thirty-one years. He left no estate, and the fatherless boy learned very early to take care of himself and of his mother as well. He was educated in the public schools of his district, attending until he reached the age of fourteen years, at which time he became a carpen- ter's apprentice. In 1853 he came to Lancaster, where, after working for a time in a sash factory, and later as a journeyman carpenter, at bridge build- ing, he engaged in this latter business for himself, under exceptionally favorable circumstances. When he was twenty years, old he built the bridge over Chickies creek, at Snavely's mill, and continued at that work until 1861, when he enlisted for service in the Union army, becoming a private in Co. K, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 189 79th P. V. I., which regiment was assigned to Gen. Negley's brigade, and became a part of the Western Army. Mr. McMellen tool< part in the battles of Bowling Green and Nashville, and in all the en- gagements of that memorable campaign. He was with Buell in his famous retrograde movement through Tennessee and Kentucky, and fought at Perryville, where he contracted camp fever through exposure, and was sent home on a furlough. In 1863 he was mustered out of the 79th Regiment on a surgeon's certificate, and the same year, when his health had somewhat recovered, was again received into the service, as first lieutenant of Co. C, 21st Pa. Cav., being assigned to duty in the Shenandoah Valley. This regiment was enlisted for six months, and at the conclusion of that term was reenlisted at Chambersburg for three years, at which time Lieut. McMellen was appointed recruiting officer for the regiment, with offices at Lancaster and Harrisburg. At the reorganization of the regiment he was ap- pointed captain of the Color Company of the regi- ment, Co. I, 2 1st Pa. Cav. Capt. McMellen re- turned with his regiment to the Army of the Poto- mac, and took a gallant part in the battles of the Wilderness, Cold Harbor, James River and the siege of Petersburg. In August, 1864, the 21st Pennsylvania became a part of the cavalry division under command of Gen. Gregg, attached to Gen. Sheridan's Corps, and in the battle of Boydton Plank Road Capt. McMellen was shot in the left leg, Oct* 27, 1864. He was again wounded at Black Water Swamp, in the arm, and at Dinwiddle Court House by a fragment of an exploding shell, in the hip. Again, at Amelia Springs, April 5, 1865, he had his left ankle injured by his horse falling on him, but did not leave his command. Capt. McMellen participated in the last charge made by the Array of the Potomac, on the morning of the surrender of Gen. Lee. After the collapse of the Rebellion the 2ist was ordered to Lynchburg, Va., and from there Capt. McMellen was sent, with Cos. I and A, to Campbell Court House, on provost duty. He was mustered out with the regiment July 8, 1865. The war ended, this battle-scarred veteran has- tened to resume the arts of peaceful life, and re- turned to Lancaster to take up the work of a car- penter and contractor, which he had thrown down at the cry of an imperiled country. In this work of building and contracting he has been very suc- cessful, and many iron, wooden and stone bridges in this and adjoining counties were erected by him, his reputation as a bridge builder being second to that of no man in eastern Pennsylvania. In 1876 he purchased the "Exchange Hotel," on East King and Christian streets, which two years later he com- pletely remodeled, greatly enlarging it at the same time. His private residence for many years has been at No. 28 East Vine street, and next door to it he provided a- handsome and commodious home for his miother, but in her latter years she preferred to make her home with him. She entered into rest Jan. 7, 1894, at the advanced age of eighty-two years. Capt. McMellen is a stanch Republican, and is a liberal contributor of both his time and money to the success of the party. It is said that he has in several notable campaigns paid the entire expenses of fitting out marching clubs, and their expenses in going elsewhere, that the cause he has cherished may be helped onward. In 1869 Capt. McMellen was elected a member of the select council, and served continuously until 1879, when he was elected prothonotary of Lancaster county, serving his three- years terms with much credit to himself and satis- faction to all with whom he had to do business. Repeatedly he has attended State and county Re- publican Conventions as a delegate, and in 1880 was an alternate delegate to the National Republican Convention which nominated James A. Gasfield for the position, of President of the United States. Capt. McMellen was elected a member of the select coun- cil in 1892, after an interval of some years, and again in 1894. Capt. McMellen is a member of George H. Thomas Post, No. 84, G. A. R., and of the 21st Pennsylvania Cavalry Association. He also belongs to the Jr. O. U. A. M. He was one of the promoters and officers of Lancaster's first street railway com- pany, became a stockholder of the Lancaster Trac- tion Company, and has endeared himself to the Lan- caster public by the erection of many substantial and comfortable homes. Capt. McMellen was married Sept. 21, 1865, to Annie E., daughter of Christian and Elizabeth (Markley) Wenditz, born at Chestnut Level, Lan- caster county, Nov. 13, 1841. To this union were born the following children: Ella Minerva, Sara Elizabeth, Joseph Charles, Walter Elias and James Donald. The survivors are Sara E., who is the wife of M. M. Denlinger, M. D., and James D., who is at school. The mother died April i, 1899. Capt. McMellen is still vigorous and .hardy, bearing himself with the ease and power of a man in his prime, and his appearance, at this writing (October, 1902) indicates that ht has many useful- and industrious years yet before him. SIMON SNYDER RATHVON, Ph. D., one of Lancaster's most eminent and respected citizens, died March 19, 1891. He was born April 24, 1812, in the borough of Marietta, where, with the ex- ception of three short intervals, he resided until 1848, when he removed to Lancaster. His people were remotely of Swiss descent, settling in Lancaster county many years ago. Between the seventh and tenth years of his age he attended four or five terms, of three months each, at three different common schools, where he "learned to read, write and cipheir as far as compound division," which completed his education. In 1832, Mr. Rathvon became a member of a literary society which numbered among its mem- 140 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY bers Prof. S. S. Haldeman, Judge J. J. Libhart and others who became prominent in their chosen fields ; it was soon merged into a "Lyceum of Natural His- tory" with Mr. Rathvon as secretary. It was while affiliating with this society that he first felt the need of proper literary training; and to understand and realize the want was a sufficient cause for action. At this time he devoted his spare time to the studyi of mineralogy, herpetology and ornithology, collect- ing and preparing specimens of all that the count}} produced. In 1869 Mr. Rathvon assumed editorial charge of the Lancaster Farmer, continuing in the position until its suspension in 1884. In the columns of this periodical Mr. Rathvon is seen at his best as a scientific writer. Since 1861 Mr. Rathvon had been Professor of Entomology to the State Horticultural Society, ^nd also to the Philadelphia Horticultural Society since 1864, succeeding Prof. . Haldeman. Since 1862 he had been curator and treasurer of the Lancaster Linnsean society, and its Entomologist, and had averaged about four papers annually to its transactions. By request he contributed two papers to the United States Agricultural Reports for 1861 and 1862, which were properly illustrated, treating of the several orders of insects in a popular manner, in this way filling the position of United States €htomologist. Since 1869 he had been entomologist to the Lancaster County Agricultural Society and had frequently read papers before that body. In June, 1878, Franklin and Marshall College con- ferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The Doctor was a corresponding member of the following: Academy of Natural Sciences of Phila- delphia, American Entomological Society, Daven- port (la.) Academy of Sciences, and various local and State horticultural and agricultural societies ; and in the transactions and reports of the above, in the Pennsylvania Farm Journal, Lancaster Farmer, American Entomologist, and the various local, daily and weekly newspapers are to be found some of his published articles, which number among the thousands. Dr. Rathvon was married May 2y, 1834, to "Catherine Freyberger, at Marietta, Pa. The chil- dren surviving are Linnaeus, Geo. F., William D., Robert H., Harry, Mrs. E. Maxwell, widow of David, Parthenia and Annie. If Dr. Rathvon's studies and merits did not bring him wealth, they at least brought him hon- ors. He was an honorary member of many societies, at home and abroad. He was a member of Lodge No. 43, A. Y. M.; of Chapter 43, R. A. M., and of Goodwin Council, and also of Lancaster Com- mandery. No. 13, Knights Templar. He was for many years chairman of the Library Committee of the Mechanics Library. In early life he was known as a musician and took a pride in our volunteer soldiery. He became a member of a military com- pany in early life and was its captain for a period of four years, holding his commission from Gov- ernor Ritner. His first literary efforts were made in 1844. His remote ancestor in this country, John George Rathvon, was a lieutenant in the Pennsylvania militia during the Revolutionary war. FREDERICK A. CAST, D. D., professor of Hebrew and Old Testament Theology in the Theo- logical Seminary of the Reformed Church in Lan- caster, was born in that city, Oct. 17, 1835, son of Christian and Maria (Eckert) Gast. Frederick Gast, his paternal grandfather, was born in Germany, and came to America with his children. These in the order of their birth were as follows: Henry; Margaret, the wife of Mr. Shroad; Christian, the father of Frederick A.; Conrad; Elizabeth, the deceased wife of Mr. Hougendobler ; Philip, deceased; and Col. Freder- ick, a railroad engineer, who served in the Mexi- can war, won his rank of Colonel in the Civil war, and died in California in 190 1. The maternal grandfather of Dr. Gast was Jeremiah Eckert, a native of Schuykill, Pa., and who came to Lancaster at an early day. He built the first winding stair in this county, which at the time was something of a curiosity. His death oc- curred in 1859, and that of his wife in 1878. Two children were born to this couple: John, formerly a carpenter, later a marine; and Maria. Christian Gast was for many years prominently connected with public institutions and business en- terprises in Lancaster, and in the discharge of his large responsibilities evinced not only marked finan- cial and executive ability, but conscientious and painstaking rega:rd for the best interests of all concerned. He was born ten miles from Giessen, Germany, and came to Lancaster with his parents when ten years of age.. By trade a shoe maker, he was also a shoe merchant, and gradually became identified with politics and county institutions. He not only held the position of county prison in^ spector, but was for many years superintendent of the county poor house, and held other positions in various institutions maintained by the county. He was a director in the Lancaster Cemetery Asso- ciation, and was one of the founders and also a director of the Mechanics Association ; also a director in the Lancaster County Mutual Life Insurance Co. He was a charter member of the Reformed Church, in which he was an elder up to the time of his death, Jan. i, 1897, at the age of eighty-eight years, and he was a frequent delegate to the synod of the church. His wife, formerly Maria Eckert, was born in Lancas- ter county, Jan. 12, 1812, and is still living in this city. She is the mother of the following children: Emanuel, formerly with his father in the shoe busi- ness, but now deceased; Catherine A., deceased during childhood; Rev. Frederick- Augustus; Al- bert, a confectioner, who was killed on the rail- road while off on a fishing expedition; William, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 141 formerly manager of his business but now retired; Mary E., deceased in infancy; Anna, widow of Jacob Martin, of Lancaster; Samuel D. ; Charles E., attorney at Pueblo, Colo., and solicitor for the A. & T. R. R. Co. ; and Margie, widow of William Welchans, living with her mother in Lancaster. While yet a student in the Lancaster high school, Prof. Cast, at the age of sixteen, became as- sistant at the Oxford Academy, New Oxford, Pa., for a year, after which he completed his course in the high school, and in 1853 entered Franklin and Marshall College, from which he was graduated in July, 1856. He then spent a year as a student in the Theological Seminary at Mercersburg, but owing to the prevailing panic returned to his home, and in the fall of 1857 assumed charge of Mt. Dempsey Academy for a year, resigning his position to enter the ministry. As there was no vacancy at the time, he undertook the management' of the high school at North Lebanon, and at the end of a year was enabled to carry out his intentions. In October, 1859, he took charge of the New Holland church, and in March, 1865, was commissioned chaplain of the 45th P. V. I., remaining with the regiment until it was mustered out. The follow- ing September he became the pastor of the Loun- don and St. Thomas charge, Franklin county, and at the end of two years, in Sept., 1867, was called to the management of the Franklin and Mar- shall Academy. During his term of service, which extended to the summer of 1871, he was associated for a part of the time with Rev. Dr. C. S. Gerhard, who died November,' 1902; Dr. N. C. Schaeffer, the State superintendent; and Rev. Dr. J. A. Peter, later president of Heidelberg University, who died in 1 90 1. Prof. Gast taught in Franklin and Marshall college for a year (1871-1872), and in January of 1872, was elected tutor in the Theological Seminary, In October, 1873, the tutorship was converted into the professorship of Hebrew and Old Testament Theology, to which he was elected by the synod. In 1877 he was made Doctor of Theology by Waynes- burg College. Dr. Gast is a brilliant scholar, an able writer, and one of the most cultured men in Lancaster county. On Dec. 24, 1857, Prof. Gast married Adeline G. Frey, a native of Lancaster county, and daugh- ter of Jacob Frey. Mrs. Gast died July 4, 1901. HERSHEY. John Eby Hershey and Elias Hershey, two well known residents of Paradise township, are representatives of one of the oldest and most distinguished families in Lancaster coun- ty, and descendants of the sixth generation from Andrew Hershey, the founder of the family in America. (I) Andrew Hershey was a resident of Switzer- land about two centuries ago. He removed from his native land Friedensheimerhof in the Palatin- ate country prior to 1709, for in the latter year he emigrated with two of his sons, Andrew and Benjamin, to America, settling in Lancaster county, near the present city of Lancaster. A third son, Christian, remained in the Fatherland until 1739^ when he, too, crossed the ocean, joining his two brothers and father. The three brothers were all ordained ministers in the Mennonite Church. (II) Andrew Hershey, eldest of these three brothers and son of Andrew Hershey, was born in 1702. He had a family of twelve children, namely : Christian, Andrew, John, Benjamin, Jacob, Abra- ham, Isaac, Henry, Peter, Maria, Catherine and Adli. The father lived to the age of ninety years, passing away in 1792. (III) Jacob Hershey, fifth son of Andrew Hershey, was born about 1743. He married Anna Newcomer, and to them were born six children, as follows : John, Jacob, Christian, Elizabeth, Abra- ham and Joseph. Jacob, the father, died in 1825, in his eighty-third year. (IV) John Hershey, eldest child of Jacob and Anna (Newcomer) Hershey, was born about 1762. He became a man of considerable prominence and influence, and was ordained a deacon in the Men- nonite Church. A man of quiet, unassuming man- ners, he was, nevertheless, positive in his convic- tions, sentiments and beliefs. He was a farmer, and purchased several tracts of land in Lancaster county, which descended to his children. He mar- ried Anna Horst, and a family of seven children were born to them, as follows : Jacob, Magdalena, Anna, Feronica, John, Benjamin and Joseph. The father lived to the age of seventy-eight years, and died in 1850, his wife surviving until 1861. (V) Jacob Hershey, eldest son of John and Anna (Horst) Hershey, was born in 1803. He was a lifelong farmer of Paradise township, resid- ing about one mile south of Paradise on the farm now owned by his son, Elias Hershey. Jacob was ordained to the ministry in the Mennonite Church in 1842, and remained in the work until the close of his life in 1883, at the ripe old age of eighty years. He was a man who attended to his own affairs,, and looked carefully after the welfare of his family. His union with Elizabeth Eby, a daughter of Bishop Peter Eby, was blessed with a family of children who still survive, namely: Margaret, John E., Elizabeth, Elias, Peter, Susanna and J. Menno, all of Lancaster county. The mother of these chil- dren died May 31, 1897, at the age of eighty-nine years, eleven months and nineteen days, leaving seven children, thirty-three grandchildren, and sixty-nine great-grandchildren, and seven great- great-grandchildren. John Eby Hershey, eldest son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Eby) Hershey, was born Jan. 16, 1830, on the old homestead located in Paradise township, one mile south of Paradise village, and adjoining the well tilled farm which he now owns and oc- cupies. Here he was reared, receiving his education in _the common and academic schools, and remain- ing at home until he was twenty-four years of age. 142 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY when he began farming on his own account on the fine farm of ninety acres, which has since then remained his residence and field of labor. The year preceding, or in 1853, he assisted in the erec- tion of the buildings on the place, and being then a young man of powerful physique, he himself handled most of the heavy timbers used in framing the buildings. Into this dwelling he moved early in 1854, soon after his marriage, and there he con- tinued to reside until 1889, when he erected an- other commodious dwelling-house and has ever since occupied the same, living a life of retirement and surrendering the active operation and manage- ment of the farm to his son, Benjamin. In 1889 he also erected a tenant house. General farming and stock raising received the careful and successful attention of John Eby Her- shey throughout his active life, and he was soon recognized as one of the wide awake and progres- sive agriculturalists of Lancaster county. He has been prominent in local affairs, and has served his township as a member of the board of education, and also as auditor. He has interests . aside from his highly improved farm, and for many years has been a stockholder in the Farmers National Bank of Lancaster. On Jan. 3, 1854, John Eby Hershey married Miss Anna Millinger, who was born June 30, 1833, daughter of John and Anna (Hertzler) Millinger < To John and Anna Hershey were born a family of eight children, as follows : Jacob M., a farmer near Palmyra, Marion Co., Mo., who married Miss Mary Eby, and has seven children, Emma, Elmer, Charles, Eva, Paul, Isaac and Martha; Elizabeth, who died in childhood; Isaac E., a merchant at Buyerstown, Pa., who married Miss Ada Leaman, and has one child, Noah ; Anna, at home, a zealous worker in the Sabbath school; Benjamin, an exten- sive farmer and stock raiser, who manages the old homestead, and who married Miss Fannie Wenger, who died in November, 1900, leaving five children, Elizabeth, Maud, Annie, Katie and Benjamin; John H., a farmer of Marion Co., Mo., who married Miss Mary Buchwalter, and has three children, Paul, Mark and Phoebe; Mary, wife of John K. Hershey, a farmer of Paradise township, by whom she has three children, Ruth, John and Rhoda ; and Susan Salome, who died at the age of twelve years. The devoted mother of these children died March 16, 1897. Mr. Hershey and children are mem- bers of the Old Mennonite Chu^rch. They have high social rank in this well settled and well de- veloped farming region, and are an honor to the family which for so many generations has been in- fluential in the history of Lancaster county. Elias Hershey, the fourth child and second son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Eby) Hershey, was born March 13, 1837, on the old homestead, situated about a mile south of Paradise village. He was reared on the farm, receiving his education in the neighboring schools, and throughout his useful arid industrious life, until his retirement in 1895, he had been a successful and prominent farmer. He is the owner of several good tracts of land, includ- ing, besides the old homestead of 105 acres, two others of eighty acres each, and the two-acre prop- erty at Paradise village, which he has occupied since his retirement from active work in 1895. He is recognized as one of the liberal-minded, public- spirited citizens of the township, widely esteemed and influential. He has held various local offices, including those of tax collector ahd member of the school board. On Nov. 28, 1865, Elias Hershey married Miss Anne Kreider, who was born Oct. 26, 1840, in New Danville, Lancaster county, daughter of Michael and Nancy (Boyer) Kreider. To Elias and Anne Hershey have been born five children, as follows: John K., who resides on the old homestead, married Miss Mary Hershey, and has three children, Ruth, John W. and Rhoda. Lizzie A., married H. Mar- tin Eby, a farmer of Paradise township, residing on one of her father's farms, and they have six children, Ruth, Eli, Mina, Annie, Menno and Ada; Susan is the wife of John E. Keneagy, a farmer of Kinzers, by whom she has three children, Elias, Sabina and Martha; David E., a farmer residing on one of his father's farms, married Miss Ella Wilson, and has one child, Clarence E. ; and Sabina is at home. Elias Hershey and family are prom- inent members of the Old Mennonite Church, which has been so long and so steadily the faith of their ancestors. JACOB G. WEAVER, M. D. The Weaver family, in Lancaster county, has become prominent through its members, in many lines, and among those who have won approbation in a professional career, is Dr. Jacob G. Weaver, a well-known phy- sician of Strasburg. The birth of Dr. Weaver was in the old Weaver homestead, in West Lampeter township, on April 9, 1840. He was reared on the old farm, and his early education was obtained in the public schools, this being supplemented by a course at the Coates- ville Academy and the Chester County Normal school, and in the spring of 1863, he entered the office of Dr. Benjamin Musser, of Strasburg. From early boyhood he had shown a strong inclination toward medicine, and when he was prepared to en- ter Jefferson Medical College, in Philadelphia, it was with the intention of profiting to the greatest extent. This thoroughness enabled him to graduate with honor, in 1865, and his first office was located at Midway, a hamlet on the Strasburg Pike road. A year later he came to Strasburg and was asso- ciated with his preceptor, the distinguished Dr. Musser, for one year, profiting by his experience, and then opened up an office of his own, where he has been ready for practice and consultation, ever since. Dr. Weaver confines his practice to Lancaster county, unless the call is exceptional, and BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 143 his skill, knowledge and success have gained him patronage over a wide extent. Dr. Weaver is a thorough physician, and keeps abreast of the times, studying every new discovery of medical science for himself, and providing all modern appliances for the alleviating of pain, and the cure of disease. Dr. Weaver is a member of all of the medical associations and in 1882 repre- sented the Lancaster County Medical Society at the National Medical Association, at St. Paul, Minn. Since 1869, he has conducted a drug store in connection with his practice, thus being able to fill his own prescriptions in a satisfactory and safe manner. On Dec. 31, 1873, he was married to Miss Lizzie Shultz, a daughter of Christian Shultz, of vStras- burg township, where she was born, on July 28, 1846, and to them have been born six children; Wilmer John, a graduate of the Philadelphia Col- lege of Pharmacy, in the class of 1895, who is as- sociated with his father in the drug business ; Lizzie Blanche ; Mary Emily ; Carl Shultz ; Ross Kreider ; and Park Jacob. The Doctor and his estimable wife are members of the Reformed Mennonite Church, where they are valued as consistent Christians. Dr. Weaver has taken an active part in civic affairs, has been a member of the council, a^nd served for, several years on the school board. As a physician he is trusted and beloved, and as a citizen he is re- garded with respect and approbation. HON. C. G. BOYD, one of the leading citizens and substantial farmers of Penn township, has been prominent in business and political life for an ex- tended period. The Boyd family is of Irish origin, John Boyd, the father of C. G., being the first of this branch of the family to locate in Pennsylvania. John Boyd came from Ireland in 1810 and settled in Berks county, Pa., where he became manager of the Gibraltar Iron Works, moving to Lancaster county to take charge of the Mt. Hope Iron Works, and remaining in the employ of the owners, the Grubbs, for a period of fourteen years. Then he bought a farm near Mt. Hope, in Penn township, and gave his exclusive attention to farming until his death, in i860. He married Catherine Likens, and they had a family of ten children: William (deceased) was the efficient manager of the Mt. Hope Iron Works for some years; John (deceased) was a merchant in Middletown, Pa. ; Mary died unmar- ried ; James (deceased) was a farmer of Penn town- ship; Anna Jane was the wife of John A. Beam; Edward and Harriet were twins; Elizabeth is the widow of Eli Lichtenberger ; C. G. is the subject of this article; H. C. is a merchant of Manheim, Pennsylvania. C. G. Boyd was born in Mt. Hope July 28, 1836, and until the age of eighteen years grew up on the farm, busy with the duties pertaining to agricultural life, and attending the public schools. Later he attended the State Normal School, at Millersville, in 1855. ^i"- Boyd was by nature intended to adorn public life, for very early he displayed that quickness in learning, that easy understanding, that love of study, which have contributed in no small measure to his continued success. Beginning his public career as a teacher, he continued in that line in Lancaster county for three years, having charge at different times of schools in both Penn and Raphe townships. Then for five years he was employed in the store of John Shaffer, at Elstonville, but. tiring of this confinement he bought a farm near White Oak, to which he retired for ten years. In 1872 he purchased the farm on which he now re- sides, at Fairland, and where he has since enjoyed a comfortable home. Mr. Boyd was also a com- petent scrivener. Mr. Boyd has always been an ardent Republi- can, and has efficiently filled many of the township and county offices, serving from 1864 to 1877 as assessor of Penn township ; and for seventeen years after 1859 as collector of the township. So well did he perform the duties of the offices committed to his care that in 1890 his fellow citizens elected him as the representative of the Northern District in the State Legislature, and during his term of office he came fully up to their expectations. In 1894 he was elected prison inspector, and has held that responsible position until the present time, having been re-elected in 1897. Mr. Boyd was united in marriage with Miss- Fannie L. Thuma, and to this union has been born a family of eight children. Alfred T., at home; Benjamin T., of Denver, Colo. ; A. Lincoln, of Oklahoma ; Lizzie T., wife of A. G. Shelley ; Jacob, a resident of Manheim; Clement T., a farmer of Penn township; Katie T., at home; and Dora T., wife of Harry B. Miller. Mr. and Mrs. Boyd are both members of the Lutheran Church of Manheim, and Mr. Boyd is one of the trustees in the same, being also one of the most liberal of its supporters. He was one of the organizers of the Lititz Agricul- tural Mutual Fire Insurance Co., was one of the first directors of the company, serving as such for three years and was then elected president of same, which position he has filled since 1892. He was also one of the organizers of the Penn Township Mutual Fire Insurance Association. One of Lan- caster county's most respected citizens, his public career has reflected honor upon the location of his birth as well as upon the honorable family from which he originated. Mr. Boyd is a man of pleas- ing personality and great ability, 'and, being still in the prime of life, may again become a standard bearer in the ranks of his party. JOHN WILLIAMSON NEVIN, D. D., was born in Franklin county. Pa., Feb. 20, 1803, and he was born and reared a Presbyterian. He entered Union College, New York, in 181 7, graduating therefrom in 1821. In 1823 he studied in the Theo- 144 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY logical Seminary at Princeton, and in 1826 he tem- porarily filled the chair of Biblical Literature in that institution. In 1828 he received his license to preach by the Presbytery of Carlisle, then in ses- sion at Philadelphia. In 1829 he became professor of Biblical Literature in the seminary at Allegheny, Pennsylvania. In 1840 Dr. Nevin entered the Reformed Church, by accepting the professorship of theology in the Reformed Theological Seminary located at Mer- cersburg, Franklin county, and in 1841 he became president of Marshall College. In 1853 Franklin College, Lancaster, and Marshall College, Mercers- burg, united and formed an institution of learning since known as Franklin and Marshall Colkge, and he resigned his position in Marshall College. In 1861 he became professor of History in Franklin and Marshall College, and in 1866 he became its president, which position he held until 1876, when he resigned it ; he died June 6, 1886, in the eighty- fourth year of his age. His numerous theological and ecclesiastical works gave him his great reputa- tion as a theologian. FRANCIS SCHROEDER (deceased), who en- tered into rest Jan. 8, 1901, at the old family home at the corner of East Orange and Lime streets, Lan- caster, in the eighty-second year of his age, was one of the most venerable and beloved figures of that city. Coming from an old and honored ancestry, Mr. Schroeder was born in Sharpsburg, Md., Sept. 16, 1819. At the tender age of nine years he took on his shoulders the burden of his own support. His early introduction to the cares of life doubtless had much to do with his sturdy and reliable manhood. His experiences as a poor and friendless boy prob- ably stimulated his sympathies and aroused the help- ful nature which was so marked through all his ma- ture years. Coming into Lancaster county, Mr. Schroeder was engaged in several occupations, not meeting with much success until 1845, when he be- came connected with the Lancaster Cotton Mills, where he passed from position to position, finally be- coming one of the owners of mill No. i, in partner- ship with the late Gideon Arnold, the firm being F. Schroeder & Co. The business steadily prospered until the prolonged depression that marked the Clos- ing years of the nineteenth century. Mr. Schroeder and the Arnold heirs kept the mill in operation at a considerable loss for several years, rather than close it and throw out of work many people who had been with them for years. In 1897 the building was pur- chased by the Banner Cheroot Company, an adjunct to the American Tobacco Company. At the time of his death Mr. Schroeder was a director of the Gris- M^old Worsted Company, of Philadelphia, having been associated with the late Mayor Strong of New York, and others, in the enterprise ; was president of the Lancaster Hotel Company; president of the Conestoga Fire Insurance Company ; a trustee of Franklin and Marshall College ; and a director of the Woodward Hill Cemetery Company. At one time he was director of the Lancaster Fire Insurance Company. For almost fifty years he left his impress upon the business interests of Lancaster, and few if any men contributed more to its general prosper- ity than Francis Schroeder. Mr. Schroeder was an active member of St. James Episcopal Church for forty-seven years, served as vestryman many years, and was senior warden at the time of his death. Politically he was an active Republican, and was often sent to party gatherings. In 1888 he was a delegate to the Na- tional Convention that nominated Gen. Harrison for President, and he was one of the earliest and best known members of the Union League, of Philadel- phia. Mr. Schroeder was married to Miss Katherine Barr, daughter of John Barr, June 29, 1847. This marriage took place in the old Barr home, where four generations had lived. Eight children blessed this union, four of whom died in early childhood, the surviving members of the family being: (i) Rev. Francis Elmaker is a clergyman of the Epis- copal Church. (2) Katherine H. is the wife of C. J. Swarr, a well-known' coal merchant, whose fa- ther was a prominent member of the Lancaster Bar, and postmaster under President Buchanan; he died Aug. 6, 1896. His wife was a Miss Toby, who be- longed to a noted Philadelphia family. (3) Henry Muhlenburg and (4) Jay Nevin are both residents of Lancaster, and engaged in the manufacture of paints. The old Schroeder home was the first dwell- ing house built on the corner of two streets in Lan- caster. It is a spacious mansion, set in the midst of an extended lawn, and surrounded with many trees, and was built by the distinguished Edward Shippen, after whom one of the streets of Lancaster was named. Tradition says that in one of the rooms of this stately mansion Penn made a treaty with the Conestoga Indians, who then roamed about this re- gion in considerable numbers ; and for generations this house has been the abode of wealth, culture and hospitality. SAMUEL STEHMAN HALDEMAN, than whom no one was better or more favorably known to the scientific world, was born at Locust Grove, in the section of Lancaster county which is iiow Conoy township, August 12, 18 12. He was educated in the public schools and graduated from Dickinson College, at Carlisle. In 1833 and 1834 he attended lectures at the University of Pennsylvania. In 1835 he wrote an article for the Lancaster Journal in refu- tation of Locke's "Moon Hoax." Early in life he be- gan the collection of specimens of mineralogy and conchology, and from 1835 on devoted himself to the study of science. During the remaining forty-five years of his life he passed most of the time in his library. In 1836 and 1837 he was respectively assist- ant geologist of the State geological surveys of New FRANCIS SCHROEDER BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 145 Jersey and Pennsylvania. He at different times held professorships of science in the Delaware College, at Newark, and in the University of Pennsylvania, be- sides being chemist and zoologist for a number of scientific associations. The University of Pennsylvania conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Laws. During his career as a scientist he wrote and published 150 works, of which 120 were scientific and 30 linguistic. In 1858 he issued the Trevelyan Prize Essay, gaining a prize offered by Sir Walter Trevelyan, of England, over sixteen competitors, who were among the best Eujropean philologists. This essay contained ex- amples of seventy different languages, many of them heard from the lips of the natives themselves. Dr. Haldeman died Sept. 10, 1880. DAVID WELLER (deceased), in his day one of the well known and very prominent men of Lan- caster, was born in Koenigsbron, Heidenheim, Wurt- emberg, Germany, in 1830, and died in Lancaster, Pa., in 1893 ; he was buried in the Lancaster ceme- tery. David Weller was the son of Jacob Weller, who was born in Germany, where he lived and died, and pursued the- calling of a cabinet-maker. Children as follows, were born to Jacob Weller : Regina, de- ceased; Jacob, a retired contractor of Philadelphia, Pa. ; David ; Hannah, of Germany ; Katherine, de- ceased; and Michael and Abraham, deceased. In 1852 the young man was filled with stories of the fortunes awaiting those who emigrated to America, and in that year David Weller came to Lancaster, Pa., and for several years worked at his trade, that of carpenter, in the city. Later he branched out into contracting, and at the time of his death was in very comfortable circumstances, leav- ing a large amount of property to his family. All of his success was won through his own efforts and those of his estimable wife, for they wer.e very poor when they started out together, and the comforts Mrs. Weller now enjoys are but her just due, after a life of toil. . Mr. Weller was a member of the I. O. O. F. and the K. of P., and the entire family are members of St. John's Reformed Church. In politics Mr. Weller was a Democrat, and gave his hearty sup- port to the candidates of his party, although he never was an office seeker. • On July 17, 1856, Mr. Weller was married to Anna Graf, and the" following children were born to them: Mary, deceased; Pauline, deceased; John, a contractor and builder of Lancaster; David, de- ceased; Adam, deceased; Andrew, deceased; Miss Elizabeth, who resides at home and assists her mother in the management of the property, a most accomplished and energetic lady; Jacob, of Kansas City, Mo.; Phenie, of Philadelphia, who married Julius Hass ; and Anna, deceased. Mrs. Weller was born April 14, 1828, at Holzhausen, Sulzam Neckar, Wurtemberg, Germany, a daugh- :o ter of Andrew and Anna (Blocker) Graf, of Germany, where they lived and died, Mr. Graf being a very prominent man and conducting a brewery, a distillery, bakery and tavern at the same time; he became very wealthy. To Mr. and Mrs. Graf were born: Rosa (deceased), who married Mich. Kipp; John (deceased), a brewer, and later a stone quarryman at Witmer ; Mary, who died un- married; Anna; and nine other children, who died in childhood. HON. WILLIAM HENRY BROSIUS, mem- ber of the Legislature, and one of the best known dairy farmers in Lancaster county, is descended from the same early and sturdy ancestry as was the late Hon. Marriott Brosius, his cousin. Abner Brosius, father of William H., was born in Chester county. Pa., whence he moved to Lan- caster county when twenty-two years old. He mar- ried Letitia Wilkinson, whose father was a promi- nent tanner and teacher, and children as follows were born to them : Amanda P., wife of W. J. Ar- nold, of York county. Pa. ; Milton L., deceased, for years a steel manufacturer ; William H. ; and Ed- mond S., deceased, an attorney in San Francisco, Cal., and for years a clerk in the Interior Depart- ment at Washington, D. C. The father died Aug. 13, 1876, and the mother Nov. 10, 1897. William H. Brosius, whose name opens this sketch, was born Nov. 30, 1839, on a farm in Mar- tic township, Lancaster Co., Pa., and received a lib- eral education in both public .and select schools, finishing his studies at the Locust Grove Academy, from which he was graduated. At the age of twenty years he commenced farming on shares with his father, an arrangement that continued until 1863, in which year he took charge of his father-in-law's farm, afterward purchasing same, and has been liv- ing thereon ever since. The property is considered one of the finest dairy farms in Lancaster county, A practical farmer, Mr. Brosius has manifested a keen and inteUigent interest in all agricultural mat- ters, and for twenty years has been a member of the Lancaster County Agricultural Society, of which he for a time served as one of the vice-presidents. Interested from his boyhood in farming and farm products, he became one of the managers of three of the most successful agricultural fairs ever held in this county. In 1897 he was appointed by Gov. Hastings, a member of the Farmers' National Con- gress, which met at St. Paul, Minn., that year. Mr. Brosius has had a busy and noteworthy ca- reer, both as a farmer and as an active citizen. For six years a school director in his district, he placed himself fairly in the line of advancement in edu- cational matters, and has shown a notably progres- sive spirit in all public affairs. No more enthusi- astic Republican can be found in the State, and on several occasions he has been a delegate in Repub- lican State conventions. In 1883 he was elected to the Legislature on that ticket, and re-elected in 1885, 146 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY An orator of more than ordinary ability, his voice has been heard in almost every nook and corner of the county, while in every State and National cam- paign for many years he has made powerful speeches for the good of the cause. He served with the Re- publican State Central committee in the campaign that seated Gov. Stone, and his eloquent services have never been called for in vain. In igoo he was again elected to the State Legislature, and again in 1902. He served on the committee on Agriculture, and for a part of the time was its chairman ; he was also a member of committees on Fish and Game, Iron and Coal, Law and Order, and Pensions and Gratuities. He was active in opposition to the Oleo Bill, and did much in securing the passage of a bill restricting same. On Jan. i, 1863, Hon. William H. Brosius married Miss Ellen W. Smith, daughter of Joseph and Tacey Smith, respected farming people of Dru- more township, Lancaster county; the father in re- ligious faith was a member of the Society of Friends. One child was born of this union, Mary, now the wife of William J. Lang, a farmer of Drumore town- ship. Possessed of great fluency of speech, with a mag- netic presence that makes for him friends every- where, faithful in his friendships and firm in his convictions of right, Mr. Brosius has certainly made his influence felt for good, and this is the consensus of public opinion in his community. AARON CONRAD KEPLER, a retired mer- chant, is one of the most prominent men of Lan- caster. Daniel Kepler, his father, was a farmer, and was a son of Jacob Kepler. Daniel Kepler married Mary Kohlmeyer, a daughter of John George Kohl- meyer, a native of Wurtemberg, Germany, and eight children blessed their home, the survivors being: Mary Catharine, wife of Alexander John- son, a farmer of Nebraska; Elizabeth, widow of Charles Hyde, a banker of Plainfield, N. J. ; Aaron Conrad, of Lancaster; and Caroline, wife of James S. Kiskaddon, a farmer of Colorado. Aaron Conrad Kepler was born in Butler coun- ty, Pa., March 29, 1841, was first sent to the dis- trict school, and then attended the academy at Sun- bury, Butler county. He was but seventeen years old when he began teaching school and he studied evenings to prepare himself for the work, teaching during the long winter vacation in order to pay his way through the academy in the summer. When he reached his twentieth year he enlisted as a pri- vate in Co. C, nth Pa. Reserves, for a term of three years. He was badly wounded at Gaines' Mills on the second day of the Seven Days battle be- fore Richmond, the bullet penetrating the right thigh. He was left on the field of battle, among the dead and dying, from Friday until the following Monday, when he was discovered by the Rebels and taken to Libby prison, where he was detained without medical aid for twenty-three days, when he was exchanged. After his return to the Union lines he was sent to a hospital at Baltimore, where he remained for treatment until the spring of 1863, when he was discharged. The young soldier re- turned to his father's farm in Butler county, spend- ing some three months there before^ he went to Petroleum Centre, Venango county, where he se- cured a position with Hyde & Egbert, an extensive oil firm. In 1866 he made investments on his own account, thus laying the foundation of his very sub- stantial fortune. The following year he came to Lan- caster and bought the farm of Col. W. B. Fordney, where he lived for twenty years, much of the time engaged in settling his oil interests in Venango and Clarion counties. Finally John W. Hiemenz purchased this farm, which was later named "Ross- mere," because it was at one time owned by George Ross, one of the signers of the Declaration of In- dependence, and is now regarded as one of the loveliest among the many beautiful places in Lan- caster. In 1874 Mr. Kepler purchased the hardware store and building of A. W. Russel on North Queen street, and after conducting the business for fifteen years sold it to Reilly Bros. & Raub. The fine large building next door to this was built by him in 1883, and leased to the Post Office Department of the United States Government. After the re- moval of the post office, in 1892, the lower floor was converted into stores, and the upper floors into lodge rooms, where are found the headquarters of Posts No. 84 and No. 405, G. A. R., and other lodge rooms. Mr. Kepler was married, in 1867, to Mary M., a daughter of Nathaniel Ellmaker Slaymaker, of Williamstown, Paradise township, . and to this union were born four children, only one of whom is now living, Mary Slaymaker, who is at home with her parents. In 1889 Mr. Kepler bought the large and substantial A. W. Russel home, on North Lime street, which he has greatly improved and beautified, and where he still resides. Mr. Kepler is a strong Democrat, but though often urged to become a can- didate for public station, has uniformly declined, being so retiring in his nature that he not only has abstained from politics, but has never united with any secret society. He was a director and treasurer of the National Park Association, until the park, which is now known as McGrann's Park, was pur- chased by B. J. McGrann. For a time he was a director in the People's National Bank. He is now one of the trustees of Woodward Hill cemetery. Mr. Kepler is an ardent sportsman, and his hunting trips to the Alleghanies, the Rocky Moun- tains, Florida and Maine, as well as other parts of the Union, and to Newfoundland, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and British Columbia, furnish inci- dents and experiences enough for a book. His hos- pitable home is filled with interesting and valuable trophies of the hunt, including moose, elk, caribou, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 147 deer, mountain sheep, goat and antelope heads, rare birds, and other curiosities, while all about are robes and rugs from the hides of bears, beavers, wild cats and other animals he himself has shot and trapped. He has traveled thousands of miles on foot, in quest of game, and among other interesting and attractive curiosities are his snow shoes used in the cold frozen North. Mr. Kepler visited Cuba in 1893, and twice he has been to Europe, accompanied "by his wife and daughter, visiting Ireland, Scotland and the Continent in 1896, and the Paris Exposition, the Passion Play at Oberammergau and Holland, on the second trip, in the summer of 1900. ISAAC E. HIESTER, who in his time was a prominent and influential lawyer of Lancaster, and who was born in New Holland, Lancaster county, in May, 1824, died Feb. 6,1871. He was educated at the Moravian School at Lititz, and at several other academical institutions, finally graduating from Yale College with high honors. He read law under Thomas E. Franklin, and was admitted to practice in the year 1845. ^^ 1848 he was appointed district attorney of Lancaster county, and in 1852 he was elected to Congress by the Whig party. He •subsequently became a Democrat, which party sent him as a delegate to their National Convention held in 1868. He also represented the State of Pennsyl- vania in the Democratic National Executive Com- mittee. He was an astute lawyer and enjoyed a large and lucrative practice. FREDERICK MAY (Deceased). Two inter- •esting careers are presented in the life histories of Frederick May and of his son, Tobias H. They have been uneventful as the world usually notes affairs, but none the less typical of that profound ■success which grows from within. Frederick May was the emigrant — a German lad to whom liberty and greater possibilities in a new western country heckoned irresistibly. He was born in 1817, in a village of Baiern, on the banks of the Rhine. When a young man he came to America, friendless and without means, and here he lived in content- ment and quiet, building up a small competence and presenting an imperishable example of thrift, industry and right living,^ Coming directly to Stras- burg he sought and found employment at farm work. Perceiving the more lucrative returns of day wage, Tie acquired the knowledge of the butchering busi- ness, which he followed for several years. He worked by the day and by the year, and in time saved enough to begin farming for himself as a tenant. He first rented a farm in Paradise township, then in Strasburg- township, where he lived for many years. ■Still saving, he bought a place of thirty-eight acres in Paradise township one and one-half miles east of the borough, Strasburg, where he was content to live the latter years of his life. To that little farm he removed in 1880, and there dwelt until January, 1898, at the age of eighty-one years, when death came. Though retiring and unostentatious in man- ner, Frederick May was a man of strong convictions and public spirit. He was a life-long member of the Lutheran church, and for many years was one of the trustees of the Strasburg church. He mar- ried Miss Mary Huffman, who was born in Ger- many, a daughter of John Huffman, and who came to America when a young woman. She died in 1894, aged about eighty years. Seven children were born to Frederick and Mary (Huffman) May, as follows : Lizzie, who married George Leager, and now resides in Pittsburg; Anne, deceased wife of Henry Flade, of Philadelphia ; George,' of Paradise township ; Maggie, wife of Theodore Swaggert, of Paradise township ; John, a resident of Paradise township ; Tobias H., mentioned below ; and Mary, wife of John Hassle, of Bart township. Tobias H. May, the son of Frederick and Mary (Huffman) May, was born in Paradise township, March 14, 1854. He was reared on the farm and was educated- in the common schools. He adopted the vocation of his father, and in 1877 at the age of twenty-three years, soon after his marriage, he began life on his own account at Lampeter, renting a place of sixteen acres and farming it for three vears. He then, for three years, operated a farm of 115 acres in Earl township, owned by Adam Dil- ler. Removing to the Henry Hess farm in Stras- burg township, about one and a half miles from the borough, he remained there four years, leaving it to begin a stay of nine years on the George Mcll- vaine farm in Paradise township. In 1897 Mr. May purchased the farm of about twelve acres, located about two and a half miles east of Strasburg bor- ough, which he has since occupied. It is one of the best improved little farms in this part of the county. Mr. May engages in general farming but of late vears he has also engaged in the produce business. He is progressive in thought and in actions, and his modest possessions are the result of his own efforts, as he began at the bottom of the ladder and his advance is due to himself. Tobias H. May married Dec. 28, 1876, Miss Annie Cockchel, who was born in West Lampeter township, Oct. 16, 1858, the daughter of Solomon and Catherine (Eshleman) Cockchel. Mr. and Mrs. May are the parents of five children: Rufus H., born Jan. 17, 1878 ; Clyde, born Aug. 4, 1883 ; Car- rie, born April 21, 1886: George, born Jan. 6, 1892; and Bessie, born Jan. 12, 1897. Rufus H., the eldest son, became a telegraph operator, and is now train dispatcher on the Norfolk and Western Railroad, at Bluefields, W. Va. ; he began to handle the keys when only sixteen years of age, and has since held responsible positions, being promoted from operator to yard master, and to his present responsible position before he was twenty-one. He enlisted at Philadelphia and served in the Spanish-American war as a private in Co. D, in the Regiment raised in that city, and was promoted to the signal corps, in which department he served to the close of the 148 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY war, when he resumed telegraphy. His rapid pro- gress has been a credit not only to himself and family but his native county. Clyde, the second son, is a student of telegraphy at Kinzers. Mr. May is active in religious work as a mem- ber of the United Brethren Church. He is public- spirited, and the family rank high as worthy and respected citizens of Lancaster county. CHRISTOPHER GEIGER died in Lancaster Oct. 28, 1889.- He was born in Berks county, near Geigersville, in 1809. When old enough he taught school, after which he learned the milling business with the late Isaac Eckert, of Berks county. After he thoroughly understood the business he went to Pottstown, where he managed a forge. His next residence was at Castle Fin, York county, as man- ager of a forge. Here he married a daughter of Rev. Samuel Parke. He also for a time managed a furnace in York county, owned by P. & S. Small, whence he went to Harford county, Md., where he built the Sarah furnace, and operated it as a partner of the Smalls. He went from there to Baltimore county, where he built the Ashland fur- nace, which he ran with Edward and Joseph Pat- terson and the Smalls, of York, as partners. His wife died while he lived in Baltimore county and there he married his second wife. Miss Ann Beates, daughter of late Rev. Wm. Beates, of Lancaster. About 1849 M''- Geiger removed to Lancaster and bought the foundry property at the corner of Duke and Chestnut streets. He ran that for a few years and then sold out to Mr. Marshbank. He next bought what is now known as the Peacock furnace, and operated it for a long time. P. T. WATT, of the firm of Watt & Shand, of the New York Store, is one of the most prominent men of Lancaster. He was born in Stronza, one of the Orkney Islands, of Scotch parents. Regarding Mr. Watt, the following from a sketch written by Hon. W. U. Hensel, and published in the Lancaster Intelligencer July 17, 1886, gives some interesting facts : "The members of this firm were of Scotch birth and business training. The Orkney Islands, lying off the north coast of Scotland, are sixty-seven in number. Of this number thirteen are well popu- lated, Pomona being the largest. Of late years agri- culture lias received a good deal of attention, and among the leading farmers of that region are the family — father and brothers — of our townsman, P. T. Watt, now on a visit to these old associations. He is now almost thirty-seven years old, and when fif- teen he quit the farm to learn the dry-goods busi- ness in KirkwaJi, the principal place of the Orkneys, with about 6.000 population. Like most apprentice- ships in the Old World, those of mercantile pursuits are learned far more thoroughly than here. For four years young Watt devoted himself to the mas- tering of the business, and when he had completed it and sailed for Boston, he was well fitted to take a good place as a salesman in the American establish- ments of that city, where he first found employment. After about two years' experience in that city, he came to Hartford, where he engaged for seven years with the extensive retail dry-goods house of Brown, Thompson & Co., and where he made the associa- tion that determined his future business career. In 1876 he came to this city. His subsequent marriage to a young Scotch girl of his early acquaintance, and her death in this city, where in a short time she had found many warm friends, are well remembered. She left twin children. "Gilbert W. Thompson was a fellow countryman and early acquaintance of Mr. Watt, though older. He arrived first in America, and meeting Mr. Watt in Boston went with him to Hartford, and then to this city as a partner. He died here in 1879, the sur- viving partners buying his interest, and his wife re- turned to her former home in Hartford. In 1878 the firm first located at No. 20 East King street. Before locating at Lancaster several cities were visited, Syracuse, Elmira and Binghamton, N. Y., Wilmington, Del, and Harrisburg and Lancaster, Pa. When the old New York Store, under Mr. Mc- Donald's management, closed out, they were tele- graphed for, "and came to Lancaster. Although en- tire strangers, and with limited means, they opened up with a full stock, determined to do business on a one-price cash system. Liberal advertising and fair methods steadily mcreased their trade, which once gained was never lost. After two years at No. 20 East King street they bought Stark's China Hall, a part of their present large establishment, and con- tinually added other neighboring properties until at present they have an 83-foot frontage on East King street, 50 feet on Centre square, the building being five stories, including the basement, with a depth of 50 feet to one part and no feet to the remainder. The building is of light gray pressed brick, trimmed with terra cotta, and is ornate in design. Beginning with nine employes, they now employ from eighty to one hundred people, according' to the season. Part of the business is devoted to jobbing trade. There are many departments, the principal ones being dress goods and silks, coats and suits, millinery, house- keeping goods, table linens, upholstery goods, men's and women's hosiery, gloves, underwear, etc., laces, ribbons and notions. Mr. Watt built and lives in one of the handsomest homes in the city, located on Marietta avenue. His fine stable contains a number of valuable horses, and numerous vehicles of vari- ous character, all of the best. He is a member of the First Presbyterian Church, a director of the Lancaster Board of Trade, vice-president of the Hamilton Watch Factory, a director in the Edison Electric Light and Lancaster Gas Companies, and a director in the Farmers' National Bank." All the foregoing, and more, may still be said of Mr. Watt. He has maintained and elevated the high standard with which he commenced business, and BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 149 has established himself firmly among the most suc- cessful merchants of the city wherein his interests have so long been centered. Each member of the firm goes abroad about once in three years, so they are well acquainted with the principal cities and points of interest in Em-ope. Mr. Watt has been twice married, first to Miss Lizzie Learmouth, who went to school with him in Scotland. She died in Lancaster shortly after the "birth of twin daughters, Katie Angus ' Learmouth and Anna, who completed their education in the Na- tional Park Seminary, Washington, D. C. Mr. Watt's second wife was Miss Laura Geiger, daugh- ter of the late Christopher Geiger, a well-known Lancaster ironmaster, and to this marriage have come four children: James, Charles, Donald and Laura. Mr. Watt's father died when his son was a mere lad, and the mother during his earlier life. Thus thrown on his own resources early in life, he has splendidly illustrated the sturdy character of the Scotch race. PROF. ISAAC DANIEL RUPP was born in East Pennsboro, Cumberland Co., Pa., July lo, 1803, where his paternal grandfather had settled in 1772. In early life he acquired a fair education, and at the age of twenty began the profession of teaching. In 1827 he located in Harrisburg and opened a private school. He had, at the time of his residence in Harrisburg, access to the archives of the State, and he accumulated from their examina- tion a vast amount of material which he afterward used in writing histories of a number of counties in the State. In 1842 he compiled, and in 1845 pub- lished the first "History of Lancaster County," vvhich was sold by subscription. He translated, wrote and compiled for the press in all about twenty-five books. He died June i, 1878. W. J. WENTZ, M. D., who passed away Sept. 5, 1902, was one of the prominent, self-made men •of Lancaster county, who resided in New Provi- dence. He occupied a position in the front rank of the profession in the county, and was one of its highly esteemed citizens. , The Wentz familv is of German origin.. In 1277 is found mention of Wentzenfeld (Wentz'feld), near Bingen-on-the-Rhine, which field was entailed to the Bishops of Mayence. In June or July, 1731, four hrothers, Beltzer, John, George and Karl, from the Palatinate, in Germany, sailed in the ship "Samuel" for America. Purchasing land on Skippac creek, in the northern part of Philadelphia (now Mont- gomery) county, they located there, and built a <:hurch which still exists and is known as Wentz' ■Church. From these four brothers are descended the many of the name in Lancaster county. . John Wentz, great-grandfather of the Doctor, settled in Lancaster county. He had a large family of children. Joseph Wentz, son of John, went to Chester county, and there married into a Quaker family named Smith, who were descended from the Smiths who accompanied William Penn to this country. In 1803 Joseph Wentz returned to Lancaster county, locating in Martic township. He followed milling and farming, and was a justice of the peace for a number of years. His death occurred Jan. 30, 1861, when he was aged eighty-eight years, two months, eleven days. In his family were eleven children. John Wentz, father of Dr. Wentz, was born in Martic township in 1805, became a farmer in Dru- more township, and was a man of some note. He was active in the ranks of the Democratic party. His wife, Sarah A. Penny, belonged to a family of Scotch-Irish extraction, members of which were named in the assessment rolls of Drumore in 1756. John Wentz died at the age of seventy-seven, and his wife passed away aged sixty-two. They had a family of nine children: Mary, the widow of William Morrison, resides in Drumore township ; Joseph is a farmer of Drumore township; W. J. was born Jan. 31, 1839; Hugh P., a farmer of Dru- more, died at the age of fifty-seven ; John is a mer- chant at Bethesda ; Thomas is a physician in Coler- ain township, at Kirkwood ; Emma became the wife of William C. Boyd (both are deceased) ; Laura is the wife of James A. McSparran, of Drumore town- ship ; Hattie E. is the widow of John McCombs, of Drumore township. The parents were pious, worthy people, who had long been consistent members of the M. E. Church. W. J. Wentz passed his early boyhood in a man- ner not unlike that of many others, as he grew up- on the farm in Drumore township, attended to the "chores" and went to school. At the age of eighteen he was given better opportunities, however, and en- tered Locust Grove Seminary, where he remained hard at work with his books for two years, after which he took one session of instruction in the Mil- lersville State Normal School. During the succeed- ing three years he taught school very successfully in Drumore township, and the two following years in Strasburg township, during a part of that time reading medicine with Dr. J. K. Raub, of New Provi- dence. He continued his professional studies in Jef- ferson Medical College, from which he graduated in the spring of 1865. After graduation he enjoyed the benefit of two years of association as partner with his old preceptor, Dr. Raub, but in the spring of 1867 he opened up his own office in New Provi- dence, locating just north of the village in Stras- burg township, where he continued in active prac- tice up to the time of his decease, on Sept. 5, 1902. He was laid to rest in the Mennonite cemetery at New Providence on Sept. 8th. Dr. Wentz was a student, and by his close atten- tion to the demands of his profession, and his dis- play of more than ordinary skill, won the confi- dence of the public, and his place cannot feasilv be filled in the affections of the community. He was a member of the County and State Medical Societies, 150 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and of the American ^Medical Association, and filled the president's chair of the society in Lancaster coun- ty. As one of the organizers and directors of the Conestoga National Bank, of Lancaster, his financial stability was unquestioned. Dr.'W'entz was married, Sept. 28, 1865, to Miss Susan Rohrer, who was born in New Providence, March 5, 1844, daughter of John K. and Mary (Peo- ples) Rohrer. Six children blessed this union : Anna Laberta, who is the wife of Alfred W. Moyer, of Lancaster ; John R., who married Miss Ida Weaver, and is engaged in the trucking business in Stras- burg township ; B. Frank, a physician of West Phila- delphia, a graduate of the University of Pennsyl- vania, class of 1895, who studied first under his father (he married Miss Catherine Helm, of New Providence) ; Mary B. and Emily, at home ; and Charles E., who is a member of the class of 1902, Medico- Chirurgical College, in Philadelphia. Dr. Wentz was an active member of the Demo- cratic party. He was connected with the Reformed Church in New Providence. A self-made man, who had much success after early discouragement, he stood well in the community and enjoyed general esteem. RE\^ FREDERIC GARDINER, A. M., the efficient Headmaster of Yeates School, a noted and exclusive school for boys, is descended from an old and distinguished family. His first ancestor in this country, Benonni Gardiner, was famous in the his- tory of Plymouth Colony, as its first Episcopal resi- dent, who had the courage of his convictions and dared to maintain an unpopular name. Dr. Sylvester Gardiner, the great-great-grand- father of the Rev. Frederic Gardiner, after being in this country for a time, went to England and Ger- many, where he studied medicine, and returned to New England, to become the most noted physician of the times. A large grant of land was given him in what is now Maine, and he there established the settlement that has since became the large and popu- lous city of Gardiner. He built a large stone church, and liberally endowed it. By his will his heirs were to name each succeeding rector, and, as it has hap- pened that the majority of the church congregation have always been and still are descendants of the founder, there has never arisen occasion to question this somewhat doubtful provision of the will. The old granite home which Dr. Gardiner built is now occupied by R. H. Gardiner, a cousin of the gentle- man whose name introduces this biographical re- view. Gardiner's Island, N. Y., the original pos- session of another branch of the family, is also en- tailed. Dr., Sylvester Gardiner was a warden in the old Xarragannsett Church, and his daughter was the wife of Dr. McSparran, a most distinguished divine of the time. Among Rev. Frederic Gardiner's , paternal an- cestors, V.-ZS William Tudor, Judge Advocate Gen- eral under General Washington, and he was one of the originators of the Order of the Cincinnati, serv- ing as its first vice-president. Another ancestor was a Colonel at the siege of Louisbourg, and several of his ancestors participated in the Colonial wars. Dr. Benjamin Vaughan was private secretary to the Prime Minister, Lord Shelburne, in 1783, and was sent by him as a special ambassador to Paris during the negotiations for the Treaty of Independence. Finding negotiations were at a standstill because the independence of the Colonies was not acknowledged,, he posted to England, secured the required recog- nition, and returned in time to save the Treaty from failure. As soon as the Treaty was signed he emi- grated to this country and settled at Hallowell, Maine, and much of his estate is still in the posses- sion of his descendants. The marble mantlepiece in the parlor at Mt. Vernon was presented to Washing- ton by him. Gen. O. O. Howard was a cousin of the mother of Mr. Gardiner, and Cardinal Manning, as well as Charles Stewart Parnell belong to the family^ Rev. Gardiner has the antique mahogany desk which was used by his progenitor, Dr. Benjamin Vaughan, upon which, perhaps, some of the correspondence touching the Treaty of Independence was written^ He has hanging upon the walls of his office at Yeates School the tomahawk that was given his- great-grandfather Gardiner by the chief of the Sas- sanoa tribe of Indians. Dr. Vaughan's brother, Samuel, was the founder of the Philosophical So- ciety in Philadelphia. Rev. Frederic Gardiner, D. D., his degree com- ing from Hobart and Trinity College, the father of Rev. Frederic Gardiner, of Yeates School, was an Episcopal clergyman from the age of twenty years, and died in 1889. The greater part of his life was spent as professor of Theology at Gambler, Ohio, and at Middletown, Conn. He was the founder of the American Exegetical Society, serving as its first president, and was a voluminous and useful writer, his most noted work being a Harmony of the Gos- pels, in Greek and English. Dr. Frederic Gardiner was married to Miss Caroline Vaughan, and they became the parents of five children, two of whom died in infancy : Emma is the wife of Prof. Henry Ferguson, of Trinity College; Rev. Frederic is the Headmaster of the Yeates School ; and Miss Henri- etta is an instructor in Wellesley College. Rev. Frederic Gardiner, A. M., was born in Gar- diner, Maine, in 1858, and was educated at Phillips- Exeter Academy, from which he was graduated, and he graduated from Harvard in 1880 ; from Berk- eley Divinity School in 1885, and he was ordained to the priesthood the following year. His first pastora! settlement was at Sioux Falls, S. D., where he be- came the Dean of the Cathedral. From Sioux Falls he removed to Pomfret, where he labored ten years as the rector of a most interesting parish, and where he started the Pomfret School in association with William Peck. In 1899 he came to Lancaster to be- come the Headmaster of the Yeates School, then lo- cated at Duke and Walnut streets. In September, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 151 of that year, this school was removed to Belmont, the rural home of the late John Kellar, where Mr. Gardiner has created a school that gives boys a sub- stantial education, broad in its curriculum, and most practical in its bearing on the making of character. The attendance has grown under the present admin- istration from twenty-eight to sixty students, and the literary and manly development of the pupils has at- tracted, general admiration. They come from the best families in 'Lancaster, Philadelphia, New York and elsewhere. While at Harvard Mr. Gardiner served on the 'Varsity Eleven and also rowed with the Class crew. Always a close student of athletics, he is a believer in a rounded and symmetrical manhood, and the boys under his care are imbued with a healthy love of manly out-door recreations. Headmaster Gardiner was married to Miss Sallie, a daughter of William H. Merrick, of South- wark, Philadelphia, an iron founder, and a grand- daughter of the first president of the Pennsylvania railroad. To this imion were born three children: Frederic M. and William Henry, both students of the Yeates School, and Frances Vaughan. SAMUEL R. SAMPLE, M. D., an old and prominent physician at Intercourse, Lancaster county, was bom in Leacock township, that county, Sept. 13, 1834, son of Dr. Nathaniel W. and Mar- garet (McCausland) Sample. His father was born near Delta, York Co., Pa., and in 1780 came to Lan- caster county with his parents, his father being a Presbyterian clergyman. Dr. Nathaniel W. Sample was a very active mem- ber of the medical profession until old age neces- sitated his retirement. His medical ability was rec- ognized by his appointment as an honorary member of the Ohio Medical College. Dr. Sample practiced medicine for over sixty years, his practice covering a wide range of cotmtry, reaching as far away as Peach Bottom- and Safe Harbor, and he continued in its active duties to some extent as long as he was able to see anybody — long after he had given up the regular work of his profession. He died in 1865. He belonged to the Presbyterian church, in which he was an elder for over fifty years. For six years he was prothonotary. He served as a brigadier- general in the war of 1812, and for many years filled the office of brigade inspector. In 1852 he was a candidate for Congress. He was at Harris- burg during the "Buckshot War," in which he took part. Dr. Sample was a member of the Masonic fraternity, and held the office of Grand Master of Pennsylvania. Mrs. Margaret (McCausland) Sample, who was born here in Leacock township, died in 1870, and was buried in Leacock cemetery. She was a woman of fine Christian character. Her marriage to Dr. Sample took place in Leacock township in 1815, and they became the parents of the following family: Nathaniel W., a physician, married Sarah Steele, and died at the age of thirty-three ; Rebecca C, who married David Agnew, died at the age of thirty- four ; William M., who married Margaret Dobson, was a merchant in Lancaster and at Philadelphia, and went West, where he died at the age of seventy years; Elizabeth, who married Dr. S. E. Duffield, died at the age of forty-six ; Molton R., who married Laete- tia Knox, is a retired farmer in Philadelphia ; Har- riet A. married Lieut. D. H. Leche, of the cavalry service, who was killed in battle in 1862, and she is also deceased ; Edward C, who married Susan Wil- son, is a physician and is living retired at Florin, Pa. ; Newton C, who married Amanda Summy, is a retired farmer, and his home is in Philadelphia; Samuel R. is mentioned below. The grandparents of Dr. Samuel R. Sample were Rev. Nathaniel W. and Elizabeth (Cowan) Sample. The grandfather was born in Scotland, and the grandmother was born in Maryland. When quite voung he came to America with his parents, and be- came distinguished alike for his piety and learning. For forty-two years he preached in Lancaster county, coming here from Deer Creek, Md., and was in his later years a professor in a theological school. Some of the most eminent clergymen of the last generation passed under his guiding hand, among them being Dr. Francis Herron, Dr. Cummings, of New York, Dr. Paxton, and others well known to this State and elsewhere. The school of theology with which he labored was established at this residence. The parents of Mrs. Margaret (McCausland) Sample were William and Rebecca (Clemson) McCausland. Her father was a Major in the Revolutionary army. Dr. Samuel R. Sample was married at Inter- course, in November, 1861, to Amanda Eaby, by whom he has had the following children: Susan married E. M. Ranck, of Lancaster, and is the mother of two children. Margaret, who married Dr. J. M. Peters, has her home in Steelton, Pa. Harriet E. married R. C. Seldomridge, a merchant of Lancas- ter, Pa., and is the mother of five children. Alice married Howard M. Grossman, a traveling sales- man, has her home in Gerrnantown, and is the mother of four children. Nathaniel W., a farmer on the old homestead, married Mary Buckwalter. Mary E., the wife of Robert Taggert, a traveling sales- man from Detroit, Mich., has one child, and lives in Detroit. Jeanette married Sebastian B. Roma- gosa, of Cienfugos, Cuba, who is a capitalist and a banker, and is engaged with his father in business ; they have two children. Mrs. Amanda (Eaby) Sample was born at In- tercourse, in June, 1841, a daughter of Moses and Susannah (Kurtz) Eaby, the former a prominent merchant of Lancaster county. The biography of his son, J. K. Eaby, appears elsewhere. Dr, Sample remained at home until he was four- teen years of age, when he entered the drug store of Mr. Heinitsch, in Lancaster, and there spent four years, at the end of which time he began the study of medicine with his father ; he also read with Dr. D. 152 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Hays Agnew. In due time he was graduated from the Jefferson Medical College, in Philadelphia, with the class of 1857. For a short time he was located at Bird-in-Hand, and on the first day of January, 1858, came to Intercourse, where he has led a long and honorable life as a devotee of the healing art. His high character and scientific attainments have won him many friends, and he has had a practice at times measured only by his ability to give it proper attention. During the Civil war he was assistant surgeon of a Pennsylvania regiment during the lat- ter half of 1862, when he was attacked with typhoid fever and obliged to retire from the service. He is a Knight Templar in the Masonic fraternity, and Jias been an elder in the Presbyterian Church for more than twenty years. . In political sentiment he is in- dependent, and he is regarded as one of the most intelligent and conscientious citizens of this part of the coimty. Dr. Sample comes of a fine farriily, and is a not unworthy representative of a father of more than ordinary ability, high character and stain- less reputation. REUBEN A. BAER (deceased), whose es- teemed widow lives in a lovely home on East Orange street, Lancaster, was for an ordinary lifetime justly regarded as one of the foremost men in that city — foremost in journalistic, mercantile, banking and church circles. Mr. Baer was a son of John Baer, who was born Jan. 31, 1795, in Leacock township, Lancaster Co., Pa., of parentage that is traced back to ancestors who came to this section of Pennsylvania among the Mennonites of Swiss origin about the year 1730. His father, Andrew Baer, was a farmer, and died in 1807, leaving a widow and several' children. The widow married again, and the family came to Lan- caster in 1812. The descendants of this family are found in Lancaster county, western Pennsylvania, and the Western States, and among them have been citizens of prominence. John Baer applied himself to the art of printing- in the office of William Grier, in Columbia, Lancaster county, afterward in the office of John Wyeth, in Harrisburg. In his twenty-first year he formed a partnership with Samuel Kling, for the publica- tion of the Volksfreund. In a few months he be- came sole proprietor of the paper by the purchase of the interest of Samuel Kling. In 1834 he purchased the Lancaster Beobachfcr from Samuel Wagner, and combined the two papers under the title of Der Volksfreund mid Beohachter {The People's Friend and Observer). He was nov/ firmly established in the confidence of the public, and entered on a pros- perous career, which continued until his death. He developed remarkable enterprise in the publication of manv books of miscellaneous, moral and religious character, besides the regular issue of the German newspaper, _ English and German almanacs, and printing work in general. In 1819 Mr. Baer published a large German folio Bible, the first German Bible in folio printed in this country, the prospectus of which appeared in the first number of the paper published by himself. It was an enterprise of considerable risk, and attended with many difficulties, owing to the primitive char- acter of the printing machinery and apparatus then in use. It was printed on an ancient Ramage hand- press, inked by hand-balls, and yet the work was a success, and compares favorably with work done with more modern facilities. ■ Mr. Eaer's ancestry secured for him the favor of the Mennonites of his native country, and by in- dustry and integrity he gained their patronage and support, and became the publisher of many of the religious books used by that denomination. With the people of Lancaster county, especially those of German origin, he exerted an influence through the columns of the Volksfreund which he conscientious- ly used for the best interests of the community. By appointment he was for a number of years treasurer of Lancaster county. From 1828 he continued the publication of the "Agricultural Almanac," formerly published by William Albright, and in 1833 com- menced the publication of the "German Pennsyl- vania Almanac," both of which were published until his death, and have been continued by his sons. These Almanacs have become household friends in Pennsylvania and the Western States. In the year 1820 Mr. Baer married Frances Rine, of Lancaster city, a daughter of a Lutheran family of German origin, and by her had five sons who grew to the age of manhood. Of these, Reuben A. Baer and Christian Rein Baer succeeded him in the busi- ness of the house under the firm name of John Baer's Sons ; another son. Rev. Charles A. Baer, was pastor of the English Lutheran Church at Norristown, Pa., where he died in September, 1863; another, Benja- min F. Baer, was a lawyer of promise, who became a captain in the I22d Regiment, P. V. I., in the war of the Rebellion, from which position he was obliged to retire because of broken health, which caused his death in 1875 '< another, John A. Baer, was engaged in business in New York City for many years, and died there. As a citizen John Baer was a man of honor and integrity, and was animated by a sincere desire to advance the interests of his community. He was a member of the board of common schools of Lan- caster city in the early stage of their existence, and evinced a great interest in their success, knowing the value of a good education. Liberal and unas- suming, though firm in his convictions, he won the esteem and respect of his fellow citizens. He was a faithful hitsband and a kind father, leading his children, by education and example, in the paths of truth and uprightness. Endowed with a vigorous form and strong constitution, he drew unsparingly on his energies in the prosecution of his business, which led to failing health and a shortened life. He died Nov. 6, 1858, in the sixty-fourth year of his age. Reuben A. Baer was born in the city of Lancaster <^^^^i^L y^. ^^ /i^g.<;^^ :> ^--^^Bwust^c^^^,^^ Dt- 6%c C4J2^-»^» BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY lo3 April 4, 1823, and C. Rein Baer is the only surviving brother. His education was pursued in the private schools of the city, and at what was then Franklin college, but later combined with old Marshall Col- lege, and is now widely known as Franklin and Mar- shall College. In early manhood he entered his father's printing establishment, and in 1854 he and his brother, C. Rein Baer, were received into part- nership by their father, under the firm title of John Baer & Sons. Upon the death of the head of the firm the sons carried on the business under the firm title of John Baer's Sons, continuing the publica- tion of the German paper called Der Volksfreund, Baer's Almanac, and other publications, and also the •conduct of the bookstore. on North Queen street. The sons M'ere practical men of business, and the operations carried on by them were eminently suc- cessful. Reuben A. Baer was a director and one of the largest stockholders of the Farmers' National Bank, and was connected with several turnpike companies, in which he was a director. He was a member of Trinity L-utheran Church, of which he was a trustee for many years. His position as one of the leading substantial men of Lancaster, and his public spirit and interest in the city, made him long a very im- portant factor in its life. His handsome home, lo- cated at No. 141 East Orange street, is one of the most attractive in the city, and it had long been his delight to adorn it with valuable works of art. There his death occurred Dec. 9, 1897, in his seventy- fifth year, from a complication of diseases. Mr. Baer married Miss Mary L. Harman, daugh- ter of Daniel and Susannah (Herbst) Harman, the latter of whom still survives, one of the most es- teemed residents of Lancaster. She is a devout mem- ber of the Lutheran Church, and is not only a liberal contributor to its support, but also generous and charitable in other directions. Revering the mem- ory of her distinguished husband, Mrs. Baer lives ->^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 161 then the organ of "Honest John Strohm," for years a prominent poHtical figure in this county. Mr. Cochran was elected to represent Lancaster county in the Legislature in the session of 1844-45 ; served in the Mexican war as a lieutenant of volunteers, and as a captain in the Civil war, and died in York m 1863. (5) Mary Frances Cochran died in 1884. John Jefferson Cochran was born in Wilmington, Del, Dec. 20, 1816, and was in his eighth year when the family moved to Columbia, this county. In 183 1 he entered the office of the Columbia Spy, then ed- ited by his brother, Thomas E. Cochran, and there he became an expert and thorough printer. In the spring of 1835 he removed to York, where, in part- nership with his brother, Thomas E. Cochran, he continued the publication of the York Republican until 1852, when they sold the paper. In the mean- time he had been appointed postmaster at York, by President Fillmore, and filled the office with great acceptability until 1853, when he moved to Lan- caster and engaged in the coal mining business in Shamokin, Pa., the firm being Cochran, Peale & Co. On Sept. 21, 1858, in connection with his brother, Thomas E., he purchased the Independent Whig and the Inland Daily Times from Theophilus Fenn. discontinued the daily edition, and changed the name of the weekly to the Lancaster Union. On Jan. I, 1863, the Messrs. Cochran sold the Union to John A. Heistand & Co., who consolidated it with The Examiner and Herald. In the meantime John J. Cochran was appointed postmaster at Lancaster by President Lincoln, and served until 1868. After his postmastership Mr. Cochran was appointed newspaper clerk in the House of Representatives at Washington, D. C, and served during the terms of the late Hon. O. J. Dickey, member of Congress from this district, after which the office was abol- ished. Following this he became one of the office editors of the well-remembered Father Abraham, the most unique paper ever published in Lancaster, and later became a stockholder in the Inquirer Print- ing & Publishing Co. In April, 1874, Mr. Cochran became the news editor of the Lancaster E.vpress, discharging the duties of that position until Decem- ber, 1876; and in the following April he accepted the position of news editor on the staff of The New Era, where he did signal service until Nov. 11, 1878, when, by reason of failing health, he resigned. John J. Cochran passed away May 12, 1879, in his sixty- third year. Another biographer says : "Mr. Coch- ran, who was a prominent member of St. John's Lu- theran Church, of Lancaster, was an earnest Chris- tian gentleman," to which those who were closely associated with him in newspaper work can heartily subscribe. In October, 1839, Mr. Cochran married Miss Catherine Baumgardner, who belonged to one of the most prominent families of York, and whose brothers were the late Thomas and Henry Baum- gardner, of Lancaster, and whose ancestor was Leonard Baumgardner, foimder of the family in 11 Pennsylvania. To this union were born thirteen children, seven of whom survived him, as follows: Thomas B., mentioned below; Richard E., who is one of the vice-presidents of the United States Life Insurance Company, of New York; Harry B., one of the proprietors of The Examiner; John J., a coal merchant of Lancaster ; Alice E., wife of Charles R. Morrell, of Merchantville, N. J.; Flora May, de- ceased, wife of James A. Romeyn, of Hackensack, N. J. ; and Elizabeth G., also deceased. Thomas Baumgardner Cochran, whose name in- troduces this sketch, was born in York, Pa., Aug. 21, 1845, and has proved himself a worthy son of a distinguished father. He removed with his par- ents to Lancaster in 1853, and was graduated from the Lancaster high school in 1861, when as an ap- prentice to the printer's trade he entered the office of the Lancaster Union, the organ of Hon. Thaddeus- Stevens, and after serving his time he worked at his trade in Philadelphia. During the Legislative session of 1864 he was employed by George Berg- ner, at Flarrisburg, as reporter for the Legislative Record, serving in that capacity until 1871, when a vacancy occurred in the office of journal clerk in the Senate, to which position he was imanimously elected. During the period that he was legislative reporter he corresponded for the Lancaster papers, and was thus almost continuously in practical jour- nalistic work. During the Presidential campaign of 1868 he formed a co-partnership with Capt. E. H. Ranch, in the publication of Father Abraham, but in 1870 he withdrew from this enterprise, read law with Judge Livingston, and was admitted to prac- tice at the Lancaster Bar in 1873. While the Legis- lature was in session he served as journal clerk of the Senate, from 1871 to 1876, inclusive, and in 1877 he was elected, without opposition, to the chief clerk- ship of the Senate, which position he held until 1889. During all these years he was actively en- gaged in politics, was a member of the Republican State and County Committees for several years, and was chairman of the latter from 1886 to 1888, in- clusive. For one year he was a member of the Lan- caster city councils, and he was a member of the Lancaster city school board for twelve years, ending in November, 1889, when he decHned a re-election.. In March, 1889, Mr. Cochran and his brother, Harry B.. Cochran, purchased from John A. Heistand the Examiner, the building in which it was pub- lished, and all the plant, which they afterward in- creased by the addition of new presses and other ma- chinery, building up a business and a paper second to no inland daily or weekly in the country. The Examiner, one of the oldest journals of the State, had passed through many different ownerships, and absorbed a number of other newspapers, including The Old Guard, in 1841 ; the Lancaster Union, in 1863 ; and the Lancaster Evening Express, in 1876. One of the owners of the latter was John H. Pearsol, Mr. Cochran's father-in-law. While a Republican newspaper, the Examiner is conducted on liberal and 162 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY independent lines, and has become one of the most influential jonrnals in Pennsylvania. It is published daily and semi-weekly. An interesting thing in con- nection with Mr. Cochran's ownership of the Lan- caster Examiner and Express is the fact that he fin- ished his trade of printer on the Express, then owned by the late Mr. Pearsol, his father-in-law, that paper now being consolidated with his own, which also absorbed the one published by his uncle, Theodore, and the Lancaster Union, published by his father and uncle, Thomas E., on which he (Thomas B.) began his apprenticeship. On April 8, 1875, Thomas Baumgardner Coch- ran was united in marriage with Miss Anna Mar- garet Pearsol, daughter of the late John H. Pearsol, for many years the senior publisher of the Evening Express, of Lancaster, and of this union two chil- dren were born : Miss Katharine, a graduate of Wilson College, of Chambersburg, Pa., is at home; William Pearsol, a graduate of the electrical de- partment of the State College of Pennsylvania, 1898, is now mechanical and electrical engineer of the Lackawanna Coal & Coke Co., in western Pennsyl- vania. Fraternalh' Mr. Cochran is a Mason of high de- gree, belonging to Lamberton Lodge, No. 476; Royal Arch Chapter, No. 43 ; and Lancaster Com- mandery. No. 13. His name is well known in philanthropic circles. He is a trustee for the Home for Friendless Children, and also for the Thaddeus Stevens Orphans' Home, both of Lancaster. He is also a trustee of Woodward Hill Cemetery. He has been an active member of the Young Men's Chris- tian Association of Lancaster since its organization, in 1867, and was one of its founders. In the organi- zation of the Lancaster Street Railway Company he was a prime factor, and its first secretary. This company was the beginning of the present extensive trolley system in Lancaster city, and radiating from it to the principal towns and boroughs of Lancaster county. Mr. Cochran is a member of the Lancaster County Historical Society. Outside of the journal- istic field Mr. Cochran has acquired a prominent place, and unlike many men of literary tastes he is a fine business man, and is a member of the Lancaster Board of Trade. Since 1886 he has edited and com- piled the well-known and useful "Smull's Legis- lative Handbook and Manual of the State of Penn- sylvania." Mr. Cochran is a member of St. John's Lutheran Church, and is an enterprising and liberal citizen. Politically he is known all over the State, and has been an influential factor in the Republican politics of Pennsylvania for the past thirty years. Devoted to the principles of the party, true and stead- fast in his friendships, liberal in his views, but firm in his convictions and with the courage to assert them, Thomas Baumgardner Cochran is justlv re- garded as a strong man, and, personally, no one is more popular. HARRY BAUMGARDNER COCHRAN, of the firm of T. B. & H. B. Cochran, publishers and editors of The Examiner, and a son of ex-post- master John J. Cochran, was born in the city of Lancaster March 25, 1853, ^^'^ '^'^'^^ educated in the public schools there, graduating, from the Boys' High School in 1868, and afterward attending Franklin and ^Marshall College for two years. After leaving college Mr. Cochran entered the drug store of Dr. George R. ^^''elchans, where he re- mained two and one-half years, and then went on the road as a traveling salesman for a wholesale drug . house. Later purchased the drug business of Dr. ^Velchans, taking charge Nov. i, 1874, and conduct- ing it with marked success until 1889. On jNIarch 27th of that year, in connection with his brother, Thomas B. Cochran, he bought The Examiner, and at once proceeded to enlarge and strengthen the plant by the addition of new presses and other iTtachinery. Mr. Cochran was secretary of the State Pharma- ceutical Examining Board of Pennsylvania from 1887 to 1891, when he resigned because of other in- terests which required his time and attention. IMany of the successful business ^-entures of this city owe their organization, in some degree, to Harry B. Cochran. As one of the organizers of the Edison Electric Company of Lancaster, in 1885, he was its first manager, but later resigned the position ; and he was also one of the organizers of the Hamilton ^^'atch Company, and for one and one-half }ears served as a director ; this, too, he resigfned, in order to devote his whole time and business thought to the interests of his rapidly growing newspaper en- terprise. Mr. Cochran was married June 14, 1877, to Miss Alma C. Shreiner, daughter of the late Martin and Maria Shreiner, and whose grandfather, Martin Shreiner (they spelled it with a "c" in the early- days), was the manufacturer of the celebrated "Shreiner Grandfather Clock." Three children blessed this union : Miss ]\Iary, a graduate of the Girls' High School, of Lancaster, and of ^^'ilson College, Chambersburg, who married Lewis B. Sprecher, of Lancaster, Pa., Feb. 19, 1902 ; Miss Flora ; and John S., who is a student in the Pennsyl- vania State College, class of 1903. Mr. Cochran is an active man, belonging to the lodge, chapter, council and commandery in the ]\la- sonic fraternity, and in religion he is a Lutheran, being a member of St. John's Church, where he has been trustee for more than fourteen years, and in which he at one time served both as librarian and as teacher in the Sunday-school. An intelligent, pro- gressive business man, of liberal views and practices in all measures looking toward the "greatest good to the greatest number" of our people, Mr. Cochran naturally occupies a position in the front ranks of Lancaster's representative citizens. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 163 JAMES AGNEW PATTERSON. By the death of James Agnew Patterson, on Jan. 7, 1898, the Borough of Mt. Joy lost one of its oldest 'and most useful citizens. By nature unassuming, he was always unwilling to take any conspicuous part in public life, but was of service to his locality as an €xcellent farmer and upright citizen, whose integrity was never questioned. The name of Patterson ap- pears in the early history of the county, where it "has ever been honored and respected, and no member of the family ever bore it more worthily than did James Agnew Patterson. The late Mr. Patterson was born in Rapho town- ship, Sept. 26, 1810. His parents were Col. James and Mary (Watson) Patterson, the former having been born on the old Rapho township homestead, and the latter in East Donegal township. Col. James was a son of Lieutenant James (who served in the Revolution), had his residence at Greenwood, and was an officer in the war of 181 2. As early as 1819 he was elected as a Representative in the, Legisla- ture of Pennsylvania, and again in 1833 and 1834. As an elder in the Presbyterian Church of Donegal, he was highly esteemed, being elected to this digni- fied office from 1819 until his death. May 30, 1863, his birth dating back to the historic time, Oct. 7, 1775. Plis remains lie in Donegal Church cemetery. The maternal grandparents of James A. Patterson were Dr. John Watson and Margaret (Clemson) Watson, of Donegal Springs. The founder of the Patterson family, though of Scotch descent, emigrated from Ireland, in 1724, and located on the Big Chiquesalunga creek, where he took up large tracts of land, and part of this is now owned and occupied by Jacob G. Nissley. His wife was Ann, the daughter of Abraham Scott, and they reared a family of nine children. The family record is easily traced thus : (I) Arthur Patterson married Ann Scott. (11) Lieut. James Patterson married Margaret Agnew. (HI) Col. James Pat- terson married Mary Watson. (IV) James Ag- new Patterson married Sarah Margaret Sterrett. Until 1854, 'the late James A. Patterson followed an agricultural life, but then moved into Mt. Joy. During the two years intervening between 1865 and 1867 he belonged to the United States Revenue ser- vice in the capacity of collector, but could never be prevailed upon to accept political office. As a friend of education, he served fifteen years as school di- rector, and for twenty years was an elder in the Donegal Presbyterian church, where his place was seldom vacant, and to which he was a large and generous contributor for benevolent and charitable work. His political convictions were with the Re- publican party, but he never joined any fraternal organizations, as he was conscientiously opposed to secret societies. The marriage of James Agnew Patterson took place on Nov. 14, 1844, to Sarah Margaret Sterrett, a daughter of Thomas Sterrett, of Lancaster county, and to this marriage were born : Mary Watson, the only survivor, who resides in the old home in the borough of Mt. Joy; Martha S., deceased; James H., deceased ; William S., deceased ; Laura, who died in infancy; and Margie J., who died in infancy. MILTON B. MUSSER, M. D., associated dur- ing his professional life with private and hospital practice in Philadelphia, was born near Strasburg, Lancaster county. Pa., and died in Philadelphia, March 2, 1888, at the age of forty years. His pa- rents, Henry and Elizabeth (Breneman) Musser, were natives of Lancaster county, where the father was a farmer during early life, although he eventu- ally retired to Strasburg, and died in Lampeter. He was twice married, and was the father of three sons : Dr. Henry' E., of Lampeter; Charles, who died young, and Milton B. The education of Mitlon B. Musser was acquired in the public school near his father's farm, and at the Millersville Normal, from which he graduated at the age of eighteen. His professional training was received primarily under his tmcle, Benjamin Musser, at the Bellevue College, N. Y., and at the Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, from which he was graduated at the age of twenty-one. He served for a time as resident physician of the Phila- delphia hospital, and then opened a private office in the city, a large and remunerative practice finally rewarding his perseverance. At different times he was connected as physician with various hospitals and city institutions and was accounted skilled both in surgery and medicine. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity, a Republican in politics, and was identified with the Presbyterian Church. In Philadelphia Df. Musser married Caroline Swain, born in Morris county, N. J., and daughter of Mahlon F. and Jane (Guerin) Swain, of Dutch- English ancestry. Three children were born to Dr. Musser and his wife: Henry M., a manufacturer of Lancaster ; Lawrence G. ; and Anna W. EMANUEL ZIMMERMAN or CARPENTER was a son of Hemy Carpenter, and he was born in Switzerland in the year 1702. Henry Carpenter had arrived in Philadelphia in 1698, but afterward returned to Europe, coming back to America in 1706, bringing his family with him. He settled first in Germantown, but removed to within the present bounds of Lancaster county, then Chester, in 1717. Emanuel Carpenter was a member of the Assembly from Lancaster county in 1768. In 1760 he was ap- pointed a presiding justice of the Common Pleas court of Lancaster county, and held that position until his death in 1780. He died "beloved and la- mented by all." He is buried, in Zimmerman's or Carpenter's graveyard, near Earlville. GEORGE SELDOMRIDGE (deceased). The death of George Seldomridge Nov. 20, 1898, re- moved from Salisbury township one of its esteemed and leading citizens, well known also in all that part 164 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY of Lancaster county. He was born June 20, 1819, in Salisbury township, son of John and Christianna (Smoker) Seldomridge. John Seldomridge, his father, operated a hotel in Intercourse, Leacock township, during a long period, dying there in 1851, aged sixty years; his widow survived until 1859, dying at the age of sev- enty years. They were members of the Dunkard Church, and were interred in Roland's Church cem- etery, in Earl township. The children born to them were as follows : John, who died in 1898, a mer- chant, a justice of the peace and once prothonotary of the county : George,' of this record ; Maria, who was the wife of Abigner Miller ; Elizabeth, deceased, who was the wife of John Knox, of Leacock town- ship ; Casandra, deceased, wife of John Jacobs ; and Catherine. George Seldomridge followed principally the oc- cupation of drover until about the time of his mar- riage, and then engaged in farming in Leacock town- ship, until 1873, when he removed to Salisbury town- ship, and for fifteen years operated what is now known as the Hess mill ; at the end of that period he settled on the farm where his widow and sons now reside. There he passed away, when full .of years, after a useful and exemplary life. He was a con- sistent member of the Episcopal Church, and was buried in Christ Church cemetery, in Leacock town- ship. As a man of reliability and influence, he was frequently called upon to serve in public offices, and was one of the efficient school directors during his residence in Leacock township, and was auditor of Salisbury township. On Dec. 29, 1853, in Lancaster, Mr. Seldom- ridge was married to Miss Sarah Ann Fenninger, and to this union were born these children : John F., the proprietor of a hotel at White Horse, Pa., who married Mary Worst, and has seven children; Edwin F., a farmer of Salisbury township, who mar- ried Anna Margaret Worst ; .Sarah C., who married Samuel Wanner, a farmer of Salisbury township ; George M., a farmer of Salisbury township, who married Mary Reeser, and has two children ; Fred G., who married Alta Bair, and resides on the old homestead (she is a daughter of Eckert and Fianna (Hoover) Bair, who still reside in Salisbury town- ship) ; Hannah Elizabeth, who married Brinton Oberholtzer, a farmer of Salisbury township, has two children and resides at Mast, Pa. ; and Aldus M., who married Amanda Miller, in Centerville, Pa., and has two children, Anna M. and Elsa M. Mrs. Aldus M. Seldomridge is a daughter of John I. and Anna M. (Smoker) Miller, the former an ex- soldier and retired millwright of Lancaster county. This family is one of the old and prominent ones of the county and is especially noted for its sub- stantial character and agricultural excellence. The two brothers, Fred G. and Aldus M., for some time owned and operated the home farm, consistmg of 146 acres, but Aldus has now sold his part to Hannah E. Oberholtzer and has purchased the old Amos Henderson farm at White Horse. Both are well and favorably known through Salisbury town- ship, in politics they are Republicans, and their religious connection is with the Episcopal Church. Mrs. Sarah Ann (Fenninger) Seldomridge was born in Harristown, Lancaster county, Dec. 20, 1831, daughter of John F. and Sarah (Swigart) Fen- ninger, the former of whom was a native of Switzer- land, and the latter of East Earl township. When but sixteen years of age Mr. Fenninger came to Lancaster county, with a brother, and settled near Milltown, in Paradise township. He carried on a butchering business in Harristown and died in that place in 1864, at the age of seventy-one years. His widow died in 1873, at the age of eighty-three years, and both were buried in Christ Church . cemetery,, having been consistent members of that church. They were the parents of the following named chil- dren : John and Martin, deceased ; Hannah, de- ceased, who married Aaron Snyder ; Elizabeth, who died at the age of eighteen years ; Samuel and Fred- erick, deceased ; Rebecca, who married John Siegel, and resides in Bird-in-Hand ; Sarah A., who be- came Mrs. Seldomridge; and Susan C, who married Jacob Armstrong, of I-eacock township. Mrs. Seldomridge resides on the old farm with her sons. She is a valued member of the Episcopal Church, and enjoys the esteem of a wide circle of friends. HENRY S. METZGER, late undertaker at Petersburg, Lancaster county, was born in East Hempfield township, Sept. 23, 1832, a son of Jacob and Mary ( Smaling) Metzger, both natives of West Hempfield township, and he died May 14, 1902. Frederick Metzger, the grandfather of Henry S., was born in Lancaster county, Sept. 29, 1768,. and is supposed to be the son of the founder of the family in this country, whom tradition says came from Germany. Frederick Metzger was a hotel keeper, being engaged in that capacity for twenty- two years at what is now known as McGovernville in Lancaster county,, where he died March 17, 1813. Farming and hotel keeping were combined in his career, as he also owned and operated a farm. His wife, Catherine Dengert, died Oct. 18, 1870, at the age of ninety-two years. To thern were born seven children: Mary, who married John Stillinger; Elizabeth, who married Tobias Miller; Catherine, who married Peter Mumma ; Susan, who married Jacob Seachrist; Andrew, a farmer and an auction- eer ; Jacob, the father of Henry S. Metzger ; David, a blacksmith by trade, who died Dec. 2, 1891, at the age of seventy-seven years. Jacob Metzger was born Dec. 23, 1798, and spent his life in East and West Hempfield, working as a blacksmith all his life ; he . £©4^^^.^^^ C-o'^/ BIOGRAPHICAL AxVNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 178 of his county and State. Having been raised on a farm, he has never outgrown his early interest in agricultural matters, and for nearly a quarter of a century has been an active member of the Lancaster County Agricultural and Horticultural Society. . He has been its acting secretary for the past twelve years — a period of service twice as long as that of any previous secretary. Although not a politician in the general accepta- tion of that term. Mr. Diffenderffer has always been an ardent Republican, having been one of the found- ers of that party in his native city, and was elected, although quite a young man, the secretary of the Lancaster "Fremont Club" in 1856, and he has rendered yeoman service to that political organiza- tion through the columns of The New Era for twen- ty-six years. He has never held public office, save a term, in the Lancaster city councils. At that time he lived in a ward that was strongly Democratic, the .Sixth, yet he succeeded in his contest, being the only man of his party who pulled through success- fully. In 1901, Mr. Dififenderffer was one of the five trustees named by the judges of the Lancaster court to take charge of the $250,000 donated by the late Judge Henry G. Long for the establishment and maintenance of a public park for the city of Lancas- ter. In his religious affiliations he has adhered to the German Reformed Church, the church of his an- cestors since their arrival in Pennsylvania 175 years ago. Mr, Diffenderfifer's career has been too busy to allow him to give much of his time to secret orders or benevolent societies. He has, however, been for nearly half a century a member of Lancaster Lodge No. 67, 1. O. O. F., of Washington Encampment, and of Conestoga Council, No. 62, of the Royal Arcanum, having passed through the chairs of both orders. In 1873 Mr. Diflenderffer was united in marriage to Miss Annie S. Sprenger. One son, Harold F., is the fruit of this union. REV. ABRAHAM B. HERR, widely known for his accomplishments, his piety and zeal as a minister of the Gospel, added to the universal repect which his character commands, has won for himself no in- significant place in the annals of Lancaster county. A native of that county, he was born Aug. 21, 1845, in Conestoga (now Pequea) township, son of Martin and Ad^aria (Brubaker) Herr. Martin Herr, father of Abraham B., was born in West Lampeter township, Lancaster county, July 18, 1800, the eldest son of Benjamin and Lizzie (Withers) Herr, who had children as follows : Mar- tin, George, Christian, Benjamin, Rudolph, David, Lizzie (w'ho became the wife of John Herr), Maria the second wife of John Flerr), Annie (married to John Bachman), Hannah (married to Jonas Miller) and Fanny (wife of Benjamin Lantz) — all now de- ceased. Martin Herr received a liberal education, up to the age of seventeen attending the common schools of the locality of his birth, and then commenced to learn the milling business at Lime Valley, Lancaster county, in what is now known as the Haverstick mill. At the close of his apprenticeship, he at once took charge of the Landis mills in East Hempfield town- ship, and while a resident of that locality he married, Feb. 19, 1824, Maria Brubaker. Whether it was that Mr. Herr found his milling business uncongenial or unprofitable we do not venture to state, but this we know — he abandoned his trade and purchased the farm which is now the property and residence of his son, Martin, in Pequea township. Martin Herr, the father, died Aug. 22, 1896, deeply regretted by all who knew him, his taking away being regarded, not only by his immediate relatives, but by the entire community, as an irreparable loss. A devout Chris- tian, much respected and beloved, he joined his faith to the orthodox Mennonite Church, and in the strict- est sense he was temperate in all things, ever avoid- ing speculations of any sort, and counseling his chil- dren to never engage in wild hazards. To him and his wife came a family of ten children, a brief record of whom is as follows : Eliza, born Aug. 22, 1825, died July 14, 1831 ; Susan, born Sept. 6, 1827, mar- ried Adam Baer, and died in 1848; Hannah, born Oct. 27, 1829, is the second wife of Adam Baer; Mary Ann, born April 28, 1832, married Jacob L. Hess and died in 1878 ; Elizabeth, born Nov. 4, 1834, is the wife of Deacon Samuel Shenk, referred to elsewhere; Fanny, born June li, 1837, died July 18, 1838; Martha B., born May 31, 1839, is the wife of John B. Myers, a prominent and influential farmer of Pequea township; Martin B., born Nov. 8, 1841, wedded Anna Shenk, daughter of Bishop Henry Shenk; Barbara, died in infancy; and Abraham B., is the youngest. Rev. Abraham B. Herr, of whom this sketch more particularly relates, was educated in the com- mon schools, and his early life was devoted mainly to farming. At the age of thirty he was, on Sept. 2, 1875, called to the ministry, being ordained to preach in the orthodox Mennonite Church. Then his useful life began in real earnest, and until now, whether in night time or in storm, he has never flagged or been derelict in his allegiance and duty to the cause of Him "with whom there is no variableness, neither shadow of turning." On June 8, 1899, Rev. Mr. Herr was summoned and ordained bishop, a position directed by the Master, and the following account of the ceremony is substantially as it appeared in the New Era : "A meeting was held on Thursday at the Old Mennonite Church, Millersville, for the purpose of electing a bishop. The commodious church was crowded, as great interest was manifested in the sol- emn and impressive manner of selecting the new bishop. Bishop Isaac Eby, of Kinzers, conducted the services, which began at an early hour and contin- ued until about eleven o'clock. Four candidates had been nominated, as follows : Revs.' Daniel Lehman, Millersville; Abraham Herr, New Danville; Benja- 174 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY min Hertzler, Lancaster ; and Abraham Witmer, Le- tort. According to custom, four Bibles, in one of which was inserted, unobserved by the candidates, a slip of paper on it inscribed 'Chosen of the Lord a Bishop in the Mennonite Church,' were placed be- fore those nominated. Each one selected a Bible, Rev. Herr choosing the one containing the paper. He was therefore duly ordained a bishop. Bishop Eby preached an appropriate sermon, and remarks were made by Bishop Brubaker, of Mt. Joy, and Martin Rutt, of Elizabethtown. Bishop Herr enters upon his wider ministerial duties with a good equip- ment for the work that is before him. He has been a faithful minister in the church for the interests of which he has always been an indefatigable worker." The following is a list of the congregations in the district over which Bishop Herr presides : Stone Church, Byreland Church, River Corner Church, Millersville, Rohrerstown, Mountville, Masonville, Habeckers and Lancaster city. His labors are highly successful, and all the interests of the several con- gregations prosper under his efficient supervision. On Nov. 12, 1867, Abraham B. Herr and Anna L. Ranck, daughter of Jacob and Susan Ranck, were united in wedlock, and nine children, as follows, were born to them : Susan, wife of Emanuel Groff ; Amos and Mary, both of whom died in childhood; Henry R., married to Ada Groff, daughter of Rev. Elias Groff ; Elizabeth, who married Amos Suavely, a grandson of Rev. Amos Herr; Anna and Martin, both deceased ; Abraham R. ; and Amanda. The mother of these was born May 8, iJ'49, and died Feb. 6, 1886. On Sept. 27, 1887, Rev. Mr. Herr for his second wife, married Susan M. Shenk, granddaugh- ter of Bishop Henry Shenk, and to them has been born one child, Mattie, who died in childhood. Bishop Herr is widely esteemed, and if success, popularity and good name be the natural heritage for probity and uprightness then he has his full reward. In all the field where he has labored since his call to the ministry he has won the respect and affection of the people, and the fruits of his earnest work attest and reward his fidelity to truth and duty. PROFESSOR JOHN FREDERICK CARL THORBAHN, Instructor of Instrumental Music in the Girls' and Boys' High School, and Conductor of the High School Orchestra and Orchestral School, Lancaster, also Instrumental Instructor of the State Normal School, Millersville, will ever be held in kindly remembrance by the citizens of the entire county for the grand work he has done for them in the divine art of music. A native of Germany, the Professor was born Feb. 8, 1834, in the city of Parchim, Mecklenburg-Schwerin, which was also the birth place of the great Gen. Von Moltke. Johann Joachim Thorbahn, father of Prof. Thor- bahn, was born Feb. 26, 1794, in Siggelkow, Meck- lenburg-Schwerin, and there followed agricultural pursuits. He married Maria Dorothea Gense, who was born Aug. 17, 1803, in Parchim, Mecklenburg, a daughter of Jacob and Anna D. (Luebcke) Gense. They had six children, three of whom are yet living, Maria, Carl and Johanna. Prof. Thorbahn received a liberal education at the schools of his native land, and in early life devel- oped marked musical ability. In Mecklenburg he attended an academy of music, where he rapidly be- came proficient as a performer on the clarionet, vio- lin and other orchestral instruments, graduating from that institution when only nineteen years of age. In 1854 he, with his father and mother, came to this continent, sailing from Hamburg and landing at Quebec after a stormy voyage of fourteen weeks, the vessel having been almost wrecked in the passage. His mother, who was very much weakened by the long voyage, sickened and died a few weeks after landing. His father remained here for four years, when he returned to Germany, and he died there Dec. 14, 1862. Locating in Montreal, Prof. Thorbahn secured. a position with the George Cooper English Grand Opera Co., later becoming leader of the The- ater Royal orchestra, a position he held some seven- teen years. During that time he had the honor of perform mg before the Prince of Wales (now King Edward VII), who spent a week in Montreal during the Crystal Palace festivities in i860. The orchestra also played every week in Lord Dunmore's quarters in that city, and furnished most of the music for all the fashionable entertainments given in honor of these distinguished people. Subsequently, the Pro- fessor had also the honor to furnish the music for the private parties and balls given in honor of Prince Arthur, at that time stationed at Montreal with his regiment (42nd Highlanders). Prof. Thorbahn left . Montreal in 1869, to fill special engagements in the Boston Theatre, and while here became a member of the Boston Musical Union. He took part in many concerts given by the Harvard Association Orches- tra (including oratorios by The Handel and Haydn Society), under the leadership of Carl Zahran, and also played with Patrick Gilmore's orchestra at the Academy of Music, Boston. In 1873 he went to Warren, Ohio, where he became a member of the First Faculty of the Musical Institute, and for eleven years had charge there of the Orchestral Instruction. In 1878 he was sent as a representative of that insti- tute, to Cleveland to assist the orchestra for Minnie Hauk, his name often appearing on the program for solos. Coming to Lancaster in 1884, Prof. Thorbahn became leader of the Fulton Opera House orchestra ; but at the end of four years he resigned that posi- tion in order to devote his time exclusively to teach- ing. In 1892 he was appointed Professor of Instru- mental Music in the Girls' and Boys' High School, and is still most capably filling that incumbency, his pupils — past and present — now numbering thou- sands. For some seven or eight years during this period, the Professor, in the summer vacations, played at Saratoga, Alexandria Bay, Shelter Island (with Adolph Bernstein) and other fashionable re- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 175 sorts. Indefatigable, indeed, have been his labors, and now in his advancing years, when vacations come around, he takes the rest he has so well earned, having abandoned orchestral work during the sum- mer, one of his sons, as will appear later, having suc- ceeded him in that respect. Prof. Thorbahn not only arranges all his music, but is a composer as well ; in addition to which he is a maker of violins, etc., hav- ing, while in Lancaster, turned out fully fifty first class violins, beside several violas, cellos, and double basses — in fact there is literally no end to his work, and no end to his musical achievements. In 1890 Prof. Thorbahn married Miss Kate Clif- ton, a popular school teacher in Lancaster. There are eight children by a former marriage and, deeply imbued, as is their father, with so great a love- for music and mastery of the art, it is not strange that his children should have become skilled musicians — and such they are : Carl is leader of an orchestra in Chicago ; Otto is a teacher of music in Pittsburg, and is conceded to be the finest clarionet player in that city ; Wilhelmina is the wife of John McNeal, of the New Era ; Emma is the wife of Leicester Long, of the firm of Melville Long & Co., wholesale dealers of notions, Lancaster ; Miss Fannie, living at home, is an accomplished performer and teacher of the pi- ano ; Thomas, who makes his home in Philadelphia, is an accomplished clarionet soloist, plays at Ashe- ville (N. C), Atlantic City (N. J.), Jacksonville (Fla.) and many other well-known resorts; J. Stew- art, living in Lancaster, does his father's orchestral work, and is a leader of a fine orchestra of his own ; Miss Eva, living at home, is an accomplished pianist ; and Harold, at school, is already becoming quite a violinist under his mother's instruction. Prof. Thorbahn is a member of Trinity Lutheran Church ; socially is affiliated with Lamberton Lodge No. 467, Lancaster; while in his political prefer- ences he is a Republican. But above all, and beyond all, he is a musician in the truest, broadest, deepest sense of the term, his love for the "art divine" bordering on reverence. JOHN MILLER. In 1761, John Miller, who had been a blacksmith in Lancaster, laid out and founded the town of Millersville by a lottery scheme. He laid out the town in five acre lots, subject to an annual quit-rent and laid out streets on the four sides of the largest purchasers. Several of these five-acre lots still remain undivided. Two of them were purchased by Abraham Peters, fathei* of the late Abraham Peters, who was born in Millersville in 1791, and remained a resident of the village until his death — in 1882. The town was first called Mil- lersburg, then Millerstown, and lastly Millersville. The ground upon which Millersville was laid out, originally belonged to Michael Meyer, and he sold the tract to John Miller, who occupied a house erected on the tract of ground now owned by Abra- ham Frantz. Among those who purchased tickets in the lottery were Abraham Waleslagel, George Moore, Michael Gross, Michael Bartius, John Wright »ind Peter Kagy. On Feb. 9, 1767, John Miller was :irrested for debt at the instance of Jacob Witmer, '.o whom he was indebted £22. After his release from jail for debt, he came to Lancaster again to live and built a house on South Queen street. Upon his death he was interred in Bethany Lutheran grave- yard, Millersville. The growth of Millersville has been phenomenal, and today it is known all over the State as the home of the First State Normal School. DENNIS DONOGHUE was born in Barnsley, England, Feb. 19, 1820, only son of Dennis and Eleanor Donoghue, both natives of Ireland. His father was a sailor and was lost at sea, after which his mother and he came to America in 1834 and set- tled in Philadelphia, where Mrs. Donoghue died. She was a member of St. Michael's Catholic Church. Dennis Donoghue served his apprenticeship at the tinner's trade in Philadelphia, and while in that city was married, Nov. 12, 1841, to Jane Sergeson, of Philadelphia, by whom he had the following chil- dren : (i) Ellie, who married Albert Mowrer, of Christiana and was the mother of six children; (2) Robert, who was drowned in Philadelphia at the age of twelve; (3) George W., a tinsmith of Christiana, who married Jennie Waters, now deceased, and had three children; (4) Emma J., who died in infancy; (5) Isabella, also deceased; (6) Anabel, who mar- ried Frank Pugh and had three children; (7) Den- nis, who married Emma McNeal, now deceased, and had three children; (8) Jennie, who married Win- field Moore, and was the mother of one son. Mr. and Mrs. Donoghue resided in Philadelphia, Parkesburg, Q-uarryville and Christiana, where his death occurred and where his widow still lives. When the gold fever broke out in California, He was an eager seeker there for a year, then returning to his family. He was a member of the Methodist Church. He died in good circumstances although he started a poor boy, and his career in every way was an honorable one and reflected great credit upon his indomitable courage and genuine manliness. In politics he was a Democrat. Jane (Sergeson) Donoghue was born in Ban- bridge, Ireland, Oct. 29, 1823, the daughter of Rob- ert and Elizabeth Sergeson, both natives of Ireland. They came to this country in 1837 and settled in Philadelphia, where he was engaged in the manu- facture of shuttles. The father died in 1842, aged sixty, the mother in 1872, aged ninety-six. They had nine children, of whom Jane was the sixth. The shuttle business is still carried on in Philadelphia by his grandsons. The grandchildren and great-grandchildren of Dennis and Jane Donoghue are as follows: Ellie's children are: (i) Leander, who married Annie Hess, is an engineer in Philadelphia, and has two children, Elma and Norman ; (2) Winfield, a ma- chinist, residing in Wheeling, W. Va., married to 176 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Lilian Falkdale ; (3) Albert, (4) Annie, both de- ceased; (5) Jennie, who married Elwood Trout, a moulder, has two children, Ralph and Harold, and resides in Philadelphia; (6) Harry, who died in infancy. George's children are: (i) Robert, a moulder, who married Minnie Miller, has two children, Win- field and Florence, and resides in Newark, N. J. ; (2) William, a clerk in a hardware establishment, who married Mary Sterm, and has had three chil- dren, Norman, Grace and Carrie Edna, who died in infancy ; (3) Carrie, unmarried, of Philadelphia. Dennis's children are: (i) Frank, a moulder; (2) Charles, a woodworker, and (3) Bessie, still at school, all of Christiana. Jennie's son is Charles, a machinist of Columbia. Bell's children are: (i) Harry, deceased; (2) Frank, a printer, and (3) Clarence, at home at Eliza- beth, New Jersey. J. HALDEMAN HERR, one of the leading agriculturists of Manor township, also largely inter- ested in manufacturing in the borough of Columbia, is a descendant of one of the early and prominent families of Lancaster county. The Herr family is one of the most prominent in the county, and is descended from Hans Herr, who was the pastor and spiritual adviser of a large colony of emigrants from Switzerland who made their way to this country and to Lancaster county, this State, in 1710. Hans Herr was accompanied by his four sons, Abraham, Emanuel, John and Isaac; another son, Christian Herr, a minister of the Men- nonite Church, preceded them by about one year, he coming in 1709, being one of a committee sent by a community of Mennonites which took up several thousand acres of land. The home of the family was in the vicinity of Basel, Switzerland, and it is said that their coming to America was owing to religious persecution, they being Protestants. Of the five sons of Hans Herr three brought their families with them, one settling in Lancaster township, another at New Danville, and a third at Big Spring. Hans Herr made his home at Big Spring, and was the head of the colony with which he came in 1710. From this source sprang Abraham Herr, the great-grandfather of J. Haldeman. Benjamin Herr, the latter's grandfather, often styled "King Benja- min," was a native of Manor township, born Nov. 20, 1776, on the old family homestead, situated north of the town proper and including a portion of the borough. He was a man of great business capacity, and was largely engaged in various lines. He pur- chased tract after tract of land until he owned sev- eral hundred acres, farmed extensively, and was also largely occupied in milling, erecting two grist- mills and owning and operating a third, and had all going at one time. He had other lands in York county, where he also carried on agricultural pur- suits. He was a large shipper of his own products to the markets of Baltimore and Philadelphia. He erected the bridge over the stream near his home, which is yet a relic of the past. Energetic and capable, he generally carried out any enterprise he undertook, always proving equal to the occasion. He was very successful and became wealthy, being one of the richest men in the county, and all of his wealth he accumulated himself. As may be judged, he was a man of great force of character. He mar- ried Maria Bachman, who was born in 1782, daugh- ter of Michael Bachman, a wealthy man, who owned much land in Manor township, and was prominent in the Mennonite Church ; he died in 1827, aged sev- enty-nine years. To the marriage of Benjamin and Maria (Bach- man) Herr were born children as follows: (i) Anna married John .Stehman, a prominent minister of the United Brethren Church, who located in Manor township. (2) Mary, who was very devoted to her mother, died unmarried. (3) John located in the city of Baltimore, but later returned and lived in York, this State. (4) Benjamin was a well-to-do farmer of Lancaster county. (5) Christian B., the father of J. Haldeman, is referred to farther on. (6) Abraham first went to the city of Baltimore, where he did a large business as a commission mer- chant. Subsequently he went to Harper's Ferry, Va., and purchased considerable property. During the Civil war he was taken prisoner by the Confederates. Later he went to Washington or Georgetown, D. C, and became quite prominent in public affairs and also in business, at one time serving as a commis- sioner of the city by appointment of the President. He was identified with the Presbyterian Church. (7) Michael also went to the city of Baltimore,, where he was engaged in the commission business and in other lines. He ran the first steamboat up the Susquehanna river, and in 1849, at the time of the rush of the people to the gold fields of California, he constructed a vessel to carry framed houses to that locality around by Cape Horn. He became a very wealthy man. (8) Henry C. settled on the old farm, where he lived until his retirement and then moved to- Mount Joy. (9) Elizabeth married Ephraim' Hershey, of Columbia. (10) Adaline (now de- ceased) married (first) John J. Johnston, of Mari- etta, and (second) Henry Bechtold. Two children,, whose names are not givin, died in infancy. Mom hers of this family were generally identified with some church. Benjamin Herr, the father, died in 1849, ^"d ^^^ mother passed away later ; both orig- inally were members of the Mennonite Church, but later united with the Methodist Church. Cpiristian B. Herr was born born Jan. 13, 1810, on the home farm — the farm of his forefathers — and was there reared to habits of industry and frugality, and to usefulness as a man and a citizen. After his marriage he located on a portion of the homestead, and ever afterward made it his home. He was occu- pied chiefly in farming and milling, being associated in the latter business with his brother, Henry C. He was a Christian man, a kind neighbor, and led a use- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 177 ful life. Possessed of good ability and judgment, he managed his own affairs successfully and pros- pered. He associated himself with the Lancaster County Bank early in its history, and was connected with it for a long period, serving as a director for years and also as president. He tilled such positions with his characteristic ability and business sagacity, and his wisdom was a force in the direction of the bank's affairs. For many years — the greater por- tion of his life — he was a member of the Methodist Church, and was a veritable pillar in that organiza- tion, always doing his duty therein with ready cheer- fulness. He was one of the founders of the select school or atademy at Millersville, out of which came the present State Normal School located at that point. All through life he was interested in all mat- ters pertaining to the upbuilding of society and the advancement of the community, his native township and county. His career was a successful one. On Nov. 24, 183s, Mr. Herr was married to Eliza B. Haldeman, who was born April 4, 1816, daughter of John Haldeman and Anna (Stehman), the former a descendant of Jacob Haldeman, who came from Switzerland to this country and settled in Rapho township, this county, in 1722. To the marriage of Christian B. and Eliza B. (Haldeman) Herr were born seven children, three of whom died in infancy, the others being : J. Haldeman is re- ferred to farther on. Mary, second in order of birth, is the wife of Joseph H. Brinton, of Thornbury, Chester Co., Pa. Annie E. is mentioned below. Christian B. married Anna Hostetter, and lives in Manor township ; they have two children, one, Ben- jamin W., living in the west; Charles S. married Letitia Waller, of Safe Harbor. The parents of this family are both deceased, the mother dying Nov. 20, 1850, and the father Feb. 11, 1890. J. Haldeman Herr was born on the Herr home- stead, in Manor township. His boyhood was passed in such manner as might be supposed from what has been set forth in the foregoing concerning his father and forefathers. He was taught the correct manner of living, and was reared to habits of industry and usefulness. He received a good common-school education, and was properly instructed in good farm- ing and business methods, and has since, by the ex- ercise of good judgment, management and industry, prospered and succeeded in life. Aside from his farming operations he is largely interested in manu- facturing in Columbia. He is a stockholder and director in the Kelley Stove Works, in the Electric Light & Power Company, and in the Columbia Wagon Works, and is one of the substantial men of the community. In 1899 he commenced raising Holstein-Frisian stock, and he now has ten head, all thoroughbred and nearly all registered. Annie E. (Herr) Wood, daughter of the late Christian B. Herr, and widow of Dr. Granville B. Wood, late of Fulton township, this county, now makes her home with her brother, J. Haldeman Herr, both residing at the homestead— a charming 12 and delightful country seat. Both Mrs. Wood and her brother are identified with the M. E. Church of their locality. Mrs. Wood is also an active worker of the Y. W. C. A. of Lancaster, liberal in its sup- port, and has been president since 1897. LEVI RICKSECKER, deceased. Looking over the list of business men who have had a large share in making Mt. Joy, Lancaster county, a well-known business center, we find that the name of Levi Rick- secker takes a prominent place. He was born at Lititz, this county, July 21, 1822, a son of John and Fredericka (Fisher) Ricksecker, the former a native of Lititz and the latter of Surinam, on the north coast of South America. John Ricksecker was born June 6, 1789, and died Jan. 29, 1871. By trade he was a shoemaker, later a farmer, and resided in Mt. Joy from 1865. The mother was born May 13, 1794, and died in Lititz in 1857. Both parents were buried in the Moravian cemetery, having been consistent members of the Moravian Church. Their children were as follows : Caroline, who died in 1848, a teacher in the Lititz Seminary ; Augusta A., the widow of R. F. Ranch, of Lancaster, who died in 1901 ; Louisa F., who married F. M. Ranch, and died in 1893 ; Permania, a hatter by trade, died in 1869, at Lititz ; Levi ; Maria S., who died in 1848, unmarried ; Edwin, who died in 1846; Emanuel A., who died in infancy; James F., a cabinet maker by trade, who died in 1887; he was a soldier in the Civil war, enlisting as a private, was promoted to first lieutenant, and later to major. John and Rachel Fredericka Ricksecker, the pa- ternal grandparents of Levi Ricksecker, were most worthy people, and devout members of the Moravian Church. Both were natives of Mt. Joy township; the former was born in 1713, and was known as an excellent shoemaker. He lived to the age of sixty- three, his wife surviving until she was eighty. The children born to this union, all now deceased, were : Jacob; Frederick; John; and Mary, who died un- married, and all of them were members of the Mo- ravian Church. Mr. Ricksecker's maternal grandparents, the par- ents of Fredericka (Fisher) Ricksecker, were Eng- Hsh by birth, and were missionaries at Surinam, in Dutch Guiana, South America. They died in Eng- land, in the Moravian faith. They had two children, Fredericka and Louisa, who, when Fredericka was but nine years of age, were sent to America, to Beth- lehem, Pa., where they were placed in a Moravian school, and well educated. There they remained until they were married, Louisa to Gen. John Curtiss, of Ohio, and Fredericka to John Ricksecker ; both were married by lot. Levi Ricksecker was reared in his native place and attended the excellent schools of Lititz until he had reached the age of fourteen. At this time he was considered old enough to learn a trade, and under the capable instruction of his elder brother, 178 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY he began to learn that of hatter, continuing for four years, until he had mastered every detail and had become a careful and competent workman. In Bethlehem, Pa., he worked at his vocation for two years, and then spent the same time in Philadelphia, after which he took a journey through the country, working in various towns, until 1846, when his wanderings brought him to Toronto, Canada. In that Northern city he remained a few months, then, continuing to journey on, he reached Marietta, Pa., and in 1847, came to Mt. Joy, where he located. Mr. Ricksecker had seen much of the country and had viewed business opportunities in many states, but his natural inclinations brought him back home, and there he remained, becoming one of the leading busi- ness men of his community. In 1889 he retired from activity, after a busy and successful life. From 1854 to 1869 he was treasurer of Mt. Joy borough, and was again elected from 1871 to 1888, when he retired from office. Mr. Ricksecker was a director of the Union National Bank of Mt. Joy from its organization, and prior to that of its predecessor, the State Bank. On Sept. 24, 1850, Levi Ricksecker was married in Lancaster, Pa., to Miss Elizabeth F. Gormley, and to this union were born : Frank G., who died in infancy; Onata, who died in May, 1895, married Dr. M. 0. Putt, of Dauphin county, Pa., who now resides in Oberlin; no children were born to this marriage. Mrs. Ricksecker was born in Mt. Joy township, Oct. 17, 1830, a daughter of Michael and Catherine (McDonald) Gormley, the father a native of Ireland, the mother of Scotland. Michael came to America from County Sligo, and served in the war of 1812. In 1815 he returned to Ireland, and in 1818 started back with his wife and son, Michael, who died shortly after their arrival. On the voyage they suffered shipwreck, and were obliged to return to Ireland to get more funds, as they lost all they had. Upon their arrival in 1818, they settled in Rapho township, coming to Mt. Joy in 1830. Mr. Gormley was a distiller but was living retired at the time of his death, in August, 1861, at the age of eighty-one. Mrs. Gormley died in 1888, at the age of eighty-nine. Both parents had been devout mem- bers of the Catholic Church. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Gormley were : Henry, who died in 1854; Mary, who died unmarried in 1874; James and John, twins, the former of whom, an engineer, died in Parkesburg, Pa., in 1902, and the latter died in infancy; Joseph, who died in 1881 ; David, who died in infancy ; Michael, who died at the age of six years; Elizabeth F., the widow of Levi Ricksecker. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Ricksecker re- mained in Ireland all their lives. The maternal grandparents, Francis and Catherine McDonald, were Scottish people. He came to America and after spending three days with his daughter, Miss McDonald, started to South Carolina to visit his other children, but was prostrated by a sunstroke and died suddenly. Both he and his wife were peo- ple of wealth and lived in Castle Green, Scotland. Prominently identified with the public affairs in his locality, Mr. Ricksecker became well known through a wide extent of country, and his public spirit was shown in many directions. In politics he was a Democrat, and fraternally he was connected with the Masons, Third degree? and the I. O. O. F., in which organization he was treasurer until he re- signed, after thirty-eight years of faithful service. Reared in the Moravian faith, Mr. Ricksecker's life was an exponent of the teachings of that religious body. He pass away June 8, 1901, after an illness of two weeks, and was buried in Mt. Joy cemetery. CONRAD WEISER, the famous Indian inter- preter, was among Lancaster's early men of note. He was born in Germany in 1696, and when he was thirteen years old he came to America with his father and the rest of the family, landing at New York June 13, 1710. The family remained there until in 1723, when they settled on the Tulpehocken, in Pennsyl- vania. In 1714 a Mohawk Indian chief, with whom Weiser's father had become acquainted, offered to take young Conrad with him to their country and teach him the Mohawk language. Young Weiser went with him, and suffered many privations during his residence among the Indians. When the family come to Pennsylvania in 1723 young Weiser did not come along with them. He came to Pennsylvania in 1729. In 1730 Governor Gordon called upon him to act as an interpreter with the Indians, which he did at all the principal treaties held during the succeeding twenty-five years. In 1752 he was appointed one of the trustees of the schools held at Lancaster, York and Reading. Dur- ing the French and Indian war he was lieutenant colonel commanding the Second Battalion of the Pennsylvania regiment. He died July 13, 1760. HAGER. This name has been a familiar one in Lancaster county for nearly a century and a half. Christopher' Hager, the founder of the family in America, was born in the city of Worms, Hessen- Darmstadt, Feb. 19, 1741, and he died at Lancaster, Pa., April 23, 1819. His name was originally spelled Heger, but was changed to Hager to conform with the I English spelling of its pronunciation. Chris- topher Hager, Sr., sailed from Rotterdam Sept. 26, 1764, in the ship "Brittania," Capt. Thomas Arnot, carrying 260 passengers, and at once settled in Lan- caster, where he resided until his death. There he married Caroline Biehl, daughter of Philip Biehl, of Lancaster. The records show that he owned con- siderable land in and about Lancaster. From 1778 to 1807 he resided at the northeast corner of East King and Christian streets, which property he then sold to Robert Coleman, and which was later the home of President James Buchanan. Mr. Hager was a member of Trinity Lutheran Church, and is buried with his wife in the old graveyard in the rear of the church on Miffiin street. He had several daughters BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 179^ and two sons. The elder, Francis, left Lancaster when a young man, and there is no record of his subsequent life. Christopher Hager, the youngest child of Christopher, was born in Lancaster Oct. 7, 1800, and died at Abbeville, west of Lancaster, April 15, 1868. He was married March 28, 1822, to Catherine Sener, daughter of John Sener, and they had ten children, of whom two are living : Mrs. Catherine H. Mathiot, vvfidow of William Mathiot, a well known attorney ; and Cecilia H. EUmaker, widow of Nathaniel Ell- maker, Esq., also of the Lancaster Bar. In 1828 Mr. Hager purchased the property on the north- west corner of West King and Market streets, now occupied by Hager & Brother's department store, and there conducted a general mercantile business until about 1848, when he was chosen president of the Farmers Bank. In 1856 he changed his resi- dence to Abbeville, on the south side of the Columbia turnpike, west of Lancaster. He was largely in- terested in real estate in the southern and western parts of the city. He was also largely instrumental in locating the cotton mill industries in Lancaster. He served as county treasurer, elected by the Whig party. He was a member of the Trinity Lutheran Church, of which he was a trustee, and is buried with his wife in Woodward Hill cemetery. The following obituary is taken from the Philadelphia Press, at the time edited by John W. Forney, with whom Mr. Ha- ger was well acquainted : At Abbeville, near Lancaster, after a lingering and prostrating illness, died, on the 15th instant, Christopher Hager, Esq. The announcement of his death will be received with regret throughout the State. One of the oldest and most substantial citizens of Lancaster county, intimately connected with all its public movements, his business relations were extended generally throughout the Commonwealth. For twenty years previous to his death Mr. Hager had with great acceptance to the community filled the presidency of the Farmers Bank of Lancaster, an institution which, under his lead, promptly enrolled itself among the National Banks and was ever foremost in lending its weight and influence and credit to the Government in its hour of need. Many of the chief local improvements of his native city, as Fulton Hall, the Market street buildings, are mainly attributed to his enterprise and public spirit. Mr. Hager, who had attained the ripe old age of sixty-nine, the reward of an equable and well spent life, was in early life a supporter of the old Whig party. At its dissolution his sympathies and natural integrity of purpose carried him into the Republican ranks, and during the struggle for National existence he was, at all times. In his county, one of the first men looked to for counsel or aid in every emerg- ■ency. John C. Hager, eldest son of Christopher, born at Lancaster March 19, 1827, died at "The Maples," Lancaster township, Sept. 15, 1897. He was mar- ried to Margaret Henderson, of Carlisle, Pa., and is survived by his widow, Margaret H. Hager, two sons — John C. Hager, Jr., real estate broker ; and Will- iam H.,of the firm of Hager & Brother, dry goods merchants and department store — and four daugh- ters. In connection with his two brothers, Charles F. and Henry W., he conducted the general mer- cantile business established by his father. After the latter's death he was asked to accept the presidency of the Farmers National Bank, which position he de- clined, owing to the pressing nature of his other busi- ness interests. He was also largely interested in real estate in Lancaster city and township, and the de- velopment of the western part of Lancaster is largely due to his activity. He was a trustee of Franklin and Marshall College, and of Trinity Lutheran Church. He was also one of the pioneers of the street railway system in and about Lancaster, and actively connected with the construction and man- agement of the Millersville, Columbia, West End and East End lines. Charles F. Hager, second son of Christopher Hager, was born Dec. 7, 1831, in Lancaster, where he died April 13, 1897. He was married to Annie M. Graeff, daughter of Dr. Charles Graefl, and granddaughter of Col. Geo. Graefif,,of Lancaster. Mr. Hager was a member of the firm of Hager & Brother, a director of the Fanners National Bank and one of the organizers of the Stevens House Hotel Co. After the death of his father he purchased the family homestead at Abbeville, where he resided until sev- eral years prior to his death, when he returned to Lancaster City. He is survived by two sons, Walter C. Hager, of the firm of Hager & Brother ; Charles F. Hager, Esq., a member of the Lancaster Bar ; and two daughters. Henry W. Hager, third son of Christopher Ha- ger, was born Feb. 18, 1837, at Lancaster, where he died Dec. 22, 1871. He married Ellen Hayes, daughter of Hon. Alexander S. Hayes, judge of the court of Common Pleas, etc., of Lancaster county. He was a member of the firm of Hager & Brother, and at the time of his death he was postmaster at Lancaster city. Mr. Hager was first lieutenant in Co. B, 2nd Pa. State Volunteers, in the war of the Rebellion. He is survived by one son, Christopher Hager, Esq., of Marietta, Pa., a member of the Lan- caster Bar ; and two daughters. Edward F. Hager, the fourth son of Christopher Hager, was born in Lancaster, April 17, 1843, and died in New York City, March i, 1875. He was for some years connected with the firm of William L. Strong & Co. (Col. W. L. Strong was afterward mayor of New York), and had been made a member of the firm shortly before his death. He was a first lieutenant Co. B, I22d P. V. I., and saw service in Chancellorsville and elsewhere during the Civil war. He also recruited and was captain of Co. A, 50th Regiment Pa. Militia. He was unmarried. These four brothers are all buried in Woodward Hill cemetery. FRANKLIN CLARK, in his lifetime one of the well-known residents of Strasburg township for many years, was born April 6, 1821, a son of James and Ann (Barkley) Clark, his ancestry coming from Irish soil. William Clark, grandfather of Franklin, was the founder of the family in Lancaster county, and came 180 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY to America from his birthplace, Donegal, Ireland, in 1792, bringing with him his wife, and locating in Colerain township, Lancaster Co. Here he purchased a farm some two miles beyond Kirkwood, and made his home there until his decease, living to the ad- vanced age of eighty years. He married Catherine Herron, and they reared these children : James, the father of Franklin; Sarah, who married Andrew Brown ; Andrew, who became a farmer in Ohio ; William, who was a shoemaker in Lancaster county ; Catherine ; Elizabeth ; Mary ; and Jane. James Clark was born in Colerain township, and lived a useful and busy life of seventy-eight years, dying in 1871, in Strasburg. He had been a well- known farmer in Strasburg and Bart townships. His marriage, on Dec. 29, 1818, was to Ann Barkley, of Colerain, a daughter of William and Elizabeth Barkley, the latter being a woman of business capac- ity, who conducted a very excellent hotel, which was the meeting-place for all public gatherings. Ann Barkley was born in Lancaster county, but died in Chester county, at the very remarkable age of 100 years and eleven days, more than rounding out the century, and her remains lie at rest in the Strasburg cemetery. She was the beloved mother of seven chil- dren : Franklin ; Tirza, deceased, who married George Aument, of Strasburg; William, deceased, a railroad agent at Columbia, Pa., for a long jeriod; Miss Mary, deceased ; James H., a farmer of Chester county ; Ann F., the widow of Henry Garra, of Philadelphia ; and John S., a resident of Fort Wayne, Ind., a turfman, and a driver of repute, who served gallantly with the 2d P. V. C. during the Civil war. Franklin Clark was reared on the farm, but re- ceived superior educational advantages, attending the Strasburg Academy, and so ably preparing himself, that at the age of twenty-one he was gladly accepted as a teacher of the public schools through the county, and in this position he became identified with the wonderful progress and advancement made in the public school system at that time. Thomas H. Bur- rowes was then the superintendent, and Mr. Clark was his capable assistant in the almost pioneer work. For five years he continued in this profession, but the confinement told upon his health, and he decided to take up the drover business. In this way he trav- eled over a large extent of country, through Ohio, Indiana, and Kentucky, gathering up stock, which he drove across the mountains for the eastern markets, distributing much of it in Lancaster county, but also sending to both Philadelphia and New York. During twenty-five years of his life Mr. Clark continued his dealings in stock, buying many choice animals for breeding purposes, but finally discon- tinued his trips and settled down to farming. His estate was situated one and one-half miles east of Strasburg, and consists of thirty acres of very choice land. For nearly forty-five years he was a director in the Southern Mutual Insurance Co., of Quarry- ville, and he took an active interest in all of the enterprises designed for the benefit of his locality. Mr. Clark was married three times. On Feb. 22, 1849, he married Mary Ann Lefever, a daughter of Levi Lefever, of Strasburg, born on April 15, 1830, and died on March 30, 1871, leaving these children : Cora F., born in April, 1850, died in June,. i860; Annie F., born July, 1851, lives in Kansas City ; William is a veterinary surgeon, of Strasburg ; Levi F., born in 1855, died in 1873; Mary E., born in March, 1858, died in August, 1875 ; Susan I., born July, i860, lives in Lancaster ; James H., born Feb., 1862, lives in Virden, 111. ; Harry McClellan, born Feb., 1864, lives in Kansas City; and Charles. E., born Oct., 1866, died March, 1872. The second marriage of Mr. Clark occurred on March 3, 1874,. Fannie E., daughter of Joseph Smith, becoming his bride; she was a native of West Virginia, and died Sept. 6, 1890, the mother of two children : Frankie,. born Aug. 3, 1876, died June 8, 1890; and Jennie,, born Oct. 9, 1878. On March 22, 1893, Mr. Clark was married to Rosie E. Gelvin, daughter of Joseph Gelvin, of Fulton county, Pa., a most estimable lady, and a consistent member of the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Clark was always a Democrat, and served in many of the local offices, with credit and trustworthi- ness. He was on the jury commission for three- years, and for nine years was one of the most active and competent members of the board of education. His reading, travel and association with the world,, made him a very intelligent and well-informed man, and also a very companionable one, and he was most highly regarded in business circles through Stras- burg township. He died March 3, 1902. J. GUST ZOOK, as well known in banking and' politics as he is in the tobacco trade, in which he holds a leading position, comes from an old and sub- stantial Pennsylvania family. Moritz Zug (as the name was originally spelled),, his great-grandfather, came from Canton Zug, Switzerland, to the United States, accompanied by his two brothers, Christian and Johannes, landing from the ship "Francis and Elizabeth" at Philadel- phia, Sept. 21, 1742. Moritz Zug was a grandson of Hans Zug, an elder in the Mennonite Church at Berne, Switzerland, where, in 1659, he and six other preachers of that faith were arrested and thrown into prison, where they were detained until 1671,, being released then only on a promise to leave that section of the country. Moritz Zug settled in Berks county, Pa., but presently removed to a place on the Lancaster turnpike, in West Whiteland township, Chester county, where he passed the remaining years- of his active and troubled life. Abram Zug, sixth son of Moritz, was born in January, 1761, in Berks county, and in 1808 re- moved to East Lampeter township, where' he died Sept. 19, 1826. His wife, Maria (Kurtz) Zug, was born in 1767, and died June 11, i8tf i. They were the. parents of eleven children, and their fourth son, Ja- cob, was the father of J. Gust Zook. It was during 1 p^\^ ^{^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 181 his life that the family name took on its present form. Jacob Zook was born near Eden, Lancaster <^°™ty, m 1797, and was engaged in farming until i86r, when he removed to Lancaster and led a re- tired life until his death, in 1876. He was a Repub- lican in politics, and a Baptist in religion, having been an elder in that church for many years. Jacob Zook was in all respects an exemplary man. His wife, whose maiden name was Christiana Hauck, was also a native of Lancaster county, and a sister of Col. David Hauck, who served in the Mexican war. She died in 1879, "i the seventy-ninth year of her age. To this marriage were born nine children, six of whom lived to maturity: J. Gust is mentioned below ; Margaret H. married the late David Evans, for many years superintendent of public schools of Lancaster county, and died in March, 1874; Noah H. and Abraham H. went to Mississippi in 1865, and engaged in cotton growing near Vicksburg, but the next year,, through sectional feeling against the people of the North, they were murdered and robbed, the younger brother being found, but the other was never heard of after the murder ; Mary A. married W. W. Edwards, of Philadelphia; Christiana H. married L. McMichael, of the same place. J. Gust Zook was born in Eden, Lancaster count}', March 27, 1847, and after a partial educa- tion in the local schools entered the State Normal School at Millersville, in 1863. In the same year he €nlisted as a- member of Company A, 50th P. V. I., rallied under the command of Col. James H. Wick- ersham, to repel the Rebel invasion of the State. When his term of enlistment had expired young Zook became a clerk in a store at Camargo, where he remained a year, when he went to New Holland to take a position as a clerk, which he held until the opening of the year 1865. At that time he again en- hsted, joining Co. B, 77th P. V. I., and accompanied his regiment to Texas, where he remained until his discharge, in 1866. Mr. Zook, on his return from the army, took a course in the Crittenden Com- mercial College, in Philadelphia, and then entered Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, remain- ing there until he passed the Sophomore year. In 1868 he engaged in farming on the old homestead, hut the occupation not proving congenial he sold the place, and in 1875 located in Lancaster. The_ follow- ing year he began dealing in leaf tobacco in part- nership with the late Charles Augustus Bitner, this partnership continuing until 1880. Since that year he has carried on a very extensive business entirely on his own account. Mr. Zook is the owner of tv^^o large warehouses devoted to the tobacco trade in this community. In December, 1900, he completed the erection of another large building not far from the one in which his main business has been done, and to this he removed his ofifice early in 1901, feel- ing that he owns a;nd occupies the finest and best equipped tobacco warehouse in Lancaster, having a capacity of at least lOiOOO cases of tobacco. In 1877 Mr. Zook was married to Miss Emma E. Bitner, daughter of the late C. Augustus Bitner, noted above as being his partner in the leaf tobacco trade at one time. To this marriage has come one son, Charles Augustus Bitner. Mr. Zook was one of five men who originally started the Lancaster Trust Company, the other four having been Hon. J. Hay Brown, S. M. Myers, John I. Hartman and John D. Skiles. Henry Baumgard- ner and John Keller were later taken into the com- pany. Mr. Zook was a director, and for a time the general manager, of the Pennsylvania Traction Company, which has since been changed into the Conestoga Traction Company; he is a director of the Edison Electric I-ight Company, and of the Lan- caster Gas Light & Fuel Co., president of the Lan- caster Ice Manufacturing Company, and a director and vice-president of the Laurel Hill Cemetery Com- pany. He is also a director of the Grand Rapids & Chicago Railway Company, in Michigan. In the Masonic fraternity he is past master of Lamberton Lodge, No. 476 ; past high priest. Royal Arch Chap- ter, No. 43 ; past grand puissant master, Lancaster Lodge of Perfection ; ancl a member of the Knights Templars and of Philadelphia Sovereign Consistory, S. P. R. S. Mr. Zook is also a member of the Union League of Philadelphia, and was a delegate to the National Republican Convention that nominated William McKinley for the Presidency, taking an active part in the campaign of 1896. Mr. Zook is an enlightened and public-spirited citizen, and is always interested in any project for the advancement of the business and industrial inter- ests of Lancaster. WENGER. Among the old families of Lancas- ter county that date their settlement back to the early part of the -eighteenth century few, if any, have at- tained a greater prominence than the one here under consideration. The founder was Christian Wenger, a Swiss emigrant, who, in 1727, located at Grofifdale, West Earl township, purchasing in consideration of forty pounds a farm of three hundred acres from Hans Groff, who had been granted a tract of 1500 acres direct from William Penn. The selection of this tract for his future home by Christian Wenger was a matter of pure accident, or chance. After his arrival in America he had stopped for a short time at Germantown. Proceeding westward, his horses went astray and in searching for them he discovered the beautiful valley at Grofifdale and was so well pleased with the place that he forthwith decided to settle there, accordingly purchasing the tract as noted above. Here he reared his family and spent the remaining years of his life. The old homestead, or a portion of it, is still in the possession of a de- scendant, Michael E. Wenger, of the fifth genera- tion from the founder of the family. Christian Wen- ger and his wife had a family of three sons — Michael, John and Henry — and a daughter who became the wife of Christian Weaver. Jacob Wenger, a promi- 182 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY nent coach manufacturer of Paradise township, Lan- caster county, is of the sixth generation from Chris- tian Wenger, the emigrant. The line of descent is as follows : (II) Michael Wenger, son of Christian, was deeded the homestead by the father in 1764. (III) Rev. Joseph Wenger, son of Michael, was a minister of the Mennonite church, whose work was at Groffdale, and who after his father, occupied the old home place. He married a Miss Hurst, by whom he had a family of four sons — Michael, Benjamin, Daniel and Joseph — and three daughters, of whom there is record, wives, respectively, of John Nolt, Samuel Rupp and Isaac Wenger. Rev. Joseph Wen- ger died in 1850, at the advanced age of eighty- three years. (IV) Joseph Wenger, son of Rev. Joseph, be- came a farmer. He married Catherine Burkholder, and died about 1817, at the early age of twenty-six years, leaving two sons, John and Joseph. The lat- ter was a farmer, and he married a daughter of George Grofif. His death occurred in 1863. (V) John Wenger, son of Joseph, was born in 1814. He acquired the trade of wagon making, and established himself in business at Oregon, Lancas- ter county, continuing a successful manufacturer at that place for a period of thirty-five years. As time passed his reputation as a wagon-maker grew, and his skill increased. A demand arising for a different grade of goods, he began the manufacture of light wagons, carriages and buggies for the local trade, in which work he was ably assisted by his sons as they grew to manhood. About ten years prior to his death he retired from active business, his sons taking up and continuing most successfully the work thus surrendered. He also owned and operated a small farm of sixty acres. John Wenger married Miss Mary Erb, a daughter of Emanuel Erb of Warwick township, and to them were born seven children, namely, Joseph, Abraham, Mariah, Jacob, Lizzie, Annie and John. Of these children, Joseph, now deceased, learned the coach-making trade from his father, and for eight years conducted a business of his own in Paradise township; then in 1867 he entered the same business at Philadelphia, continu- ing until 1889; he died about 1892. Abraham, a resident of Paradise township, is mentioned below. Mariah is the deceased wife of Peter Hoover, of New Holland. The sketch of Jacob appears below. Lizzie is unmarried . and resides in Paradise town- ship ; Annie, unmarried, is also a resident of Para- dise township. John, a coachmaker by trade, worked for many years for his brother Jacob in Paradise township, and is now a dealer in carriages, and a salesman with headquarters in Philadelphia. The parents of these children were members of the Re- formed Mennonite Church. The father, John, died in Paradise in 1885, aged seventy-one years, while the mother passed away July 3, 1879, aged sixty- eight years. (VI) Jacob Wenger was born April 4, 1840. He spent his boyhood days at Oregon, receiving his education in the public schools, supplemented by a term at the Millersville State Normal. He taught school for two terms, but, having learned from his father the trade of coach-making, he chose that as his vocation. Remaining in his father's factory for a time, he came to Paradise township and was here employed by his brother. In 1869 he succeeded to the business and during the first years of his ex- perience as a manufacturer he had an associate in business, but since that time he has conducted the business alone. It was entirely a local trade when Jacob Wenger assumed charge, but under his man- agement it has grown until it is second to none in the county outside of the city of Lancaster. Much of the furnished product of his factory is shipped to the large eastern cities, including New York, Phil- adelphia, Boston, Washington and Baltimore, where its high grade commands a ready market. Mr. Wen- ger has succeeded in the art of producing the finest quality of vehicles, and he can compete successfully with other manufacturing establishments seeking the same trade. The factory employed about ten hands, when Mr. Wenger acquired control and he now has regularly in the shops from twenty-five to thirty employed. Mr. Wenger married, in 1868, Miss Mariah Her- shey, daughter of John and Mary (Frick) Hershey, of Dauphin county, the former of whom was a bishop in the Reformed Mennonite church. To Jacob and Mariah Wenger have been born four children : Mor- ris, a coach maker with his father ; and Lettie, Mary and Fannie, all at home. Mr. and Mrs. Wenger are members of the Reformed Mennonite church. To the industiral vocation which he has followed so successfully through many years, Mr. Wenger has brought an inheritance of sterling integrity, industry and ability of a high order. His acquired business perceptions and intuitions, and his devotion to the work have contributed largely to his success. (VI) Abraham E. Wenger, also the son of John and Mary (Erb) Wenger, was born near Ore- gon, Lancaster county, Nov. 29, 1835. He was reared on the farm, and early in life showed me- chanical aptitude. In his boyhood days he learned from his father the trade of coach making, also at- tending the subscription schools of the neighbor- hood and in summer working on the farm. He re- mained at home, employed in his father's coach man- ufactory, until his marriage Sept. 13, i860, to Miss Adaline Fry, daughter of Martin H. Fry of Ephrata township. Abraham E. began his married career as a farmer, and for three years he conducted the home place. In 1863 he came to Paradise village, and took charge of the Paradise Coach works, conducting the same for three years. The next seven years of his life were spent in Philadelphia, where during that time he conducted a carriage business. Returning to Paradise he entered the employ of his brother, Jacob, as foreman of the paint shop, and has since remained in charge of that department of the business. Mr. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 183 Wenger is, however, a master in every branch of the coach making trade, which he has learned thor- oughly. His whole Hfe has been devoted to this important industry and he is regarded as an author- ity upon the subject. To Abraham E. and Adaline (Fry) Wenger have been born a family of six children, namelv, Ada F., unmarried ; Annie M., wife of Jacob Stoner of Lan- caster City; Albertus F., a coach painter of Para- dise ; Lincoln, a druggist, of Lancaster City ; Oliver D., a carriage maker of Springfield, Mo., married to Emma Lawrence; and Mary E., a teacher in the public schools of Lancaster county. The wife and mother died March 23, 1893, aged fifty-three years. Mr. Wenger has been a inember of the Reformed Mennonite Church since 1876, and is among the es- timable and highly respected citizens of Lancaster county. JOHN MOORE, a prominent citizen and one of the oldest settlers of Drumore township, was born in that township June 12, 1824. The family dates back to 1750 in Lancaster county, the grandfather Isaac Moore coming at that date from England and set- tling here, where he followed the trade of black- smith. That he- was a workman of merit may be inferred as some of the iron of his welding appears in perfect condition on the Presbyterian Church at Chestnut Level, at this day. His family consisted of eight children: Rebecca, born Sept. 28, 1775, died Aug. 16, i860; Elizabeth, born Oct. 3, 1777, died June 29, 1861 ; Moses; born Feb. 24, 1780, died in i860; Samuel, born Sept. 22, 1782, died in 1847; William, born Aug. 3, 1785, died in 1858; Jennie, born in 1788, died about 1843 ; Martha, born Oct. 5, 1790, married William Cummings, and died April 5, 1852 ; and Lydia, born Aug. 30, 1795, died March 17, 1888, when nearly ninety-three years of age. John Moore, of this sketch, was reared on a farm, and acquired his education in the common schools, choosing teaching as his occupation. His first school was in 1845, and he continued this calling until 1878, only missing one summer in thirty-three years, a most remarkable record. For many years he served most acceptably as justice of the peace, receiving his first commission in 1866, and serving ever since with the exception of ten years, when other duties claimed his attention, his last commission bearing date April 23, 1902. During his long term of service in edu- cational circles, he was considered one of the leading teachers of Lancaster county, and he is now one of the oldest living teachers of the county. He is an earnest member of the Presbyterian church of Chest- nut Level. Republican in politics, he has served as township auditor, and has been judge of election sev- eral times. While he commenced life for himself a poor boy, Mr. Moore has worked his way steadily upward, and now resides on his small but carefully cultivated farm three-quarters of a mile from Liberty Square, where he is enjoying the fruits of his labors, sur- rounded by his dearly loved books. Never having married, Mr. Moore has had all the more opportunity to devote to his studies, and he is one of the best read men in the county. Well-preserved for his years, kind in disposition, gentle in character, living in charity with all men, Mr. Moore is a noble represen- tative of a good. Christian man and excellent neigh-- bor, and when he receives the call to go to another world, he will leave behind him many sorrowing friends who love him for his tender, gentle character, and who remember his deeds of kindness. JOPIN CHRISTIAN WILLIAM REICHEN- BACH was born in Swartzburg, Rudolstadt, Upper Saxony, Jan. 26, 1749. Very little is known of his ancestry or early youth, but from the fact of his being possessed of a Hberal classical and scientific education it is presumed that his family were in fair circumstances. He graduated from the L^ni versify of Marseilles, in France. He left Germany in 1785, and came to Lancaster about 1790, and was appointed Professor of Mathematics and German in Franklin College, which had been organized in 1787. Besides his duties in the college he practiced surveying, and among others drafted and surveyed a ten-mile square map of Lancaster, the Court House being in the centre, which to-day is preserved in the collections of the Linnsean Society, of Lancaster. During the years 1801-2-3, he was chief burgess of Lancaster. He originally belonged to the Mora- vian faith, but about the time that Prof. Reichen- bach arrived in Lancaster, Henry Von Beulow, who had embraced Swedenborg's doctrines, also arrived in the place. The two soon became acquainted and subsequently Prof. Reichenbach also embraced the same doctrines. Prof. Reichenbach translated and published a number of the works of Swedenborg, among them being one entitled "Agathon," copies of which are still extant, although quite rare. He left a large amount of manuscript material- which has become lost. He was the friend and associate of Bailey, Carpenter and Ehrenfried, who had also become Swedenborgians in faith. Prof. Reichen- bach died May 15, 1821. HON. CHARLES ISRAEL LANDIS, Judge of the Courts of Lancaster county, is an able jurist, descended from a family distinguished for the im- portant part it took in the settlement of the country. Jphn Landis, grandfather of Judge Landis, set- tled in Lancaster as early as 1798. He removed from Lancaster to Middletown for a time, but returned about 1810 or 1812, and after living in the city for considerable time, removed to Warwick township (near Rothsville), where he became a surveyor and justice of the peace. Again returning to Lancaster City, he became alderman of the North East ward. He entered into rest in 1843. His progenitor was among the Swiss Mennonites who came to this State in its early history — a people who contributed so much to the formative characteristics that made this 184 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY county the prosperous and progressive section it is today. Jesse Landis, father of Judge Landis, died Dec. 28, 1873, in his fifty-third year. He was admitted to practice in the courts of Lancaster county in 1843, served as county solicitor from i860 to 1869, and was the author of Landis' "Analytical Index," a law book of reference which was much in use for years after its publication. Jesse Landis was twice married, his first wife having been a Miss Jefferies, of Chester county, who died leaving no children. His second wife was Miss Elizabeth Parke Daniels, whose father was a farmer and justice of the peace near Fagg's Manor, Chester county. To this union came six children, all save one of whom are living : Beulah, who married B. S. Shindle, of the New Era Printing Co., Lancaster, and passed away in June, 1888; Mary E., wife of F. A. Diffenderflfer, of Brooklyn ; Jessie E., wife of John R. Kauffman, of Lancaster; Charles Israel, Judge of the Courts of Lancaster county ; James Daniels, of The New Era, of which he is one of the company and managing edi- tor ; and Miss Matilda B., now living in Philadelphia. . Charles I. Landis was born in the old home, on East King street, Nov. 18, 1856. His educational fa- cilities were exceptionally good, and after graduating from the Boys' High School, in 1871, he attended Franklin and Marshall College for two and one-half years. He left school when his father died, and be- came a clerk in Hager's dry goods store, remaining there six months. After teaching school for one year near Allentown, and another year in East Cocalico township, this county, Mr. Landis registered as a law student with the late D. G. Eshleman and was- admit- ted to practice Sept. 8, 1877. Later he was admitted to the Supreme and Superior Courts, in both of which he enjoyed an extended practice until his elec- tion to the Bench. Always active in Republican politics, giving his time, labor and talents to aid the Republican cause in city, county. State and National affairs, Mr. Lan- dis was naturally strong with his party, and he was honored by being chosen city solicitor for Lancaster from 1880 to 1882 ; he was secretary of the Republi- can county committee in 1883 ; chairman of the same body in 1884-85 ; delegate to the State Republican convention that nominated James A. Beaver for Gov- ernor, in 1886; and was appointed by Gov. StOne, on April 12, 1899, to the office of Judge of the Courts of Lancaster county ; in the following November he was triumphantly elected to the same office for ten years, beginning his term in January, 1900. On Sept. 8, 1888, Judge Landis was married to Miss Jessie A. Witmer, daughter of Amos L. Wit- mer, of Paradise. His wife's great-grandfather, David Witmer, it is said, gave the name of Paradise to the section now known as Paradise township. Having been one of the early settlers there, he re- marked when that section was about to be divided into two townships, "this has been a paradise to me," and the name was given to the township. This same David Witmer donated the ground on which the Mennonite Church of Paradise was built, and it is related that he was excommunicated from that church because he had springs put upon his carriage, this having been regarded as too worldly by his co- religionists. Mrs. Landis is a direct descendant of Mary Ferree, the original settler in that section, and the Judge is now the owner of the homestead built upon land that has been .in the Witmer family for over one hundred years, using it as a summer resi- dence, but spending the remainder of the year in his cosy home at No. 140 North Duke street, Lan- caster. On this old Witmer homestead is a marble stepping stone, which tradition says is the identical stone upon which Gen. LaFayette stepped when alighting from his carriage during his visit to that section. It is a matter of history that Abraham Witmer, great-great-uncle of Mrs. Landis was the original builder and owner of the symmetrical and historic bridge still known as Witmer's bridge, which spans the Conestoga at Conestoga Park, on the Phil- adelphia turnpike. Lieut. Gov. Russell, of Massa- chusetts, was descended from this Witmer family — a family whose history is largely the early history of an important part of the State. Judge and Mrs. Landis have no children. They attend St. James' ■Episcopal church. The Judge belongs to the Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias, but, as a lawyer he was so devoted to his practice that he had little time for social matters ; and, since his election to the judgeship, he has been, if possible, a still closer student of the law. JOEL FASNACHT. Among the honorable and much respected citizens of West Earl township, who resides upon his well cultivated and finely improved farm, one mile east of Farmersville, is Joel Fasnacht, a son of the late Samuel and Susannah (Deamer) Fasnacht, and a grandson of Samuel Fasnacht, of German origin, who was well-known through Lan- caster county as a successful teacher and farmer, and a consistent member of the Lutheran. Church. Samuel Fasnacht, the father of Joel, was born on Nov. 2, 1823, and died Oct. 14, 1900, while his wife, Susannah (Deamer) Fasnacht, was born Nov. 22, 1824, and still survives. Their marriage was in 1844, and during their long life together of fifty- six years, they saw many of their children well set- tled in life. The family was as follows : Eliza- beth ; Joel ; Susan, the wife of Henry Rodman, of East Earl ; Catherine, the wife of Amos Elsworth, of Chester county ; John, deceased ; Mary, the wife of Henry Wetzel, of Cocalico township ; Saloma, the wife of William Silkniter, of Caernarvon township ; Samuel, at home ; and Henry, who resides in Terre Hill, Pennsylvania. Joel Fasnacht was born Sept. 10, 1847, ^"d ^^^ brought up to work on the farm, as his parents were in limited circumstances, with a large family de- pending upon them. He was educated in the com- mon schools, but as soon as possible he endeavored BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 185 to take care of himself, and when he was eighteen, began to learn the carpenter trade, which he has followed ever since, in connection with his farming. Although he had no assistance from others, he has been able to rear a large family in comfort and to accumulate property, owning now a fine farm, with commodious buildings and all improvements, and this speaks well for his industry and energy, when it is remembered that he b.egan his business without a dollar. Mr. Fasnacht was married Sept. 26, 187 1, to a daughter of Henry Boley, of East Earl, and to this union ten children have been born: Harry, born May 20, 1874; Lucinda, April 13, 1876; Susan, Aug, 21, 1877; Mary, March 3, 1879; Richard R., Nov. 8, 1 881; Sallie, March 22, 1883; Carrie, July 30, 1888 ; Lizzie, July 4, 1892 ; Anna, March 10, 1893 ; and Joel, April 2, 1896. The birth of Mrs. Fasnacht occurred Oct. 9, 1850. Joel Fasnacht is well known in the community as an honest, upright man, and one of the most indus- trious citizens and efficient carpenters of the locality. In his political belief, he is a staunch Republican, and he is a consistent member of the German Reformed Church. In him his family find a good and kind protector. SILAS N. WARFEL, the fourth son of John and Maria Warfel, was born in Lancaster, Pa., July 29, 1838, and is a brother of Hon. J. B. Warfel, whose biography, with ancestry, will be found else- where in these annals. Seven years after the birth of Silas N., his father died, and a year later his mother removed to a coun- try homestead, near Strasburg, where his boyhood was passed amid rural surroundings that helped to mould his taste and character. Here the common schools furnished the basis of his education, after which a course of study at the Strasburg Academy and a term at the Millersville State Normal School completed his days of tuition and prepared his entry into the school of life. Having inherited artistic talent, at an early age he adopted art as his vocation, and in Philadelphia and elsewhere earned favorable recognition for skill in sketching and color drawing. Recalled, through filial duty, to Strasburg, he sub- sequently became interested in the cultivation and improvement of flowering plants, collecting novelties and hybridizing varieties almost to nature's limit of plant growth. The breeding and developing of excellence in live stock also, at this time, engaged his attention, and he succeeded in bringing about a distinct advance in the laying qualities and the beauty of domestic fowls, doing much also to awaken a new and deeper interest in the denizens of the farmyard. Early an Abolitionist, in open sympathy with the teachings of Garrison, and enduring in full measure the odium incurred by the friends of an op- pressed race, he has lived to see his cherished con- victions vindicated, and universal freedom and equal- ity established before the law. Socially Mr. Warfel is an honored member of the Masonic Fraternity, belonging to Lodge, No. 43, F. & A. M. He is a Republican in politics, and is, and always has been, literary in his tastes and pursuits. His floriculture, which he is now pursuing with such earnestness and success, is the natural out- growth of a mind so keenly sensible of the beautiful in art and nature. His reputation as a developer in the floral world is more than local, and his floral products will continue to live and gladden the hearts of mankind after he who promoted them has passed away, and will constitute an enduring monument to his memory. JOHN EBERLE, M. D., was born in Manor township, Lancaster county, in January, 1788, his father having been a blacksmith, and designing that his son should be the same. His nature, however, was such as to fit him for another vocation and he chose that of medicine. He began the study of medi- cine under Dr. Abraham Carpenter, of Lancaster, subsequently reading with Dr. Clapp, of Philadel- phia, and graduated as a doctor of medicine in 1809, from the University of Pennsylvania. He began to practice m'edicine in Manheim, Lancaster county, but after a few years located in Lancaster. He was appointed surgeon to a Lancaster company of militia during the war of 18 12, and was at the battle of Baltimore. Whilst in Lancaster he for a short time edited a newspaper which was devoted to politics, and in this way he lost all of his practice as a physi- cian, and was finally compelled to seek new quarters, which he did by locating in Philadelphia in 1815. In,i8i8 he assumed the editorship of the Ameri- can Medical Recorder, and to this he owed his sub- sequent reputation. He was a member of a number of scientific societies, and was the author of a number of important medical works. He filled the chair of I'rofessor of Physics in the Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, in 1825, and in 1830, that of Materia Medica. In 183 1 he located in Cincinnati, and was elected Professor of Materia Medica in the Ohio Medical College. He removed to Lexington, Ky., in 1837, and was made Professor in charge of the Medical Department of Transylvania Uni- versity. He died at Lexington, Ky., Feb. 2, 1838. His remains are interred in the Episcopal cemetery, Cincinnati, the spot being marked by a handsome monument. AMBROSE J. IIERR, M. D., was born on a farm in Strasburg township, Lancaster county, March i, 1838, his father, Benjamin G. Herr, being one of the prominent agriculturists of the neighbor- hood. Until his twentieth year he combined farm work with study at the public schools, the Lititz Academy, and the Millersville State Normal School, and then began to read medicine with Dr. Benjamin Musser, of Strasburg. He entered the Jefferson Medical College at I'hiladelphia in 1859, ^^d gradu- ated therefrom in the class of 186 1. At the breaking 186 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY out of the Civil war he tendered his services to the government, and was assigned, as assistant surgeon, to the 6ist P. V. I., Sept. 20, 1861 ; and on Sept. 12, 1862, he was promoted to surgeon of the 68th P. V. I., serving in that capacity until the close of the war. Thereafter he settled in Lancaster, where he has been in continuous practice. Dr. Herr is a member of the State, the Lancaster City and County, and the American Medical Asso- ciations. Fraternally he is a member of the G. A. R. In politics he is a Republican. On Oct. 4, 1866, Dr. Herr married Emma S. Musselman, of Wheatland Mills, Lancaster county. She is a daughter of John and Eliza A. (Brackbill) Musselman, the former a retired miller. To Dr. and Mrs. Herr have been born three daughters, Florence E.,' wife of Rev. Henry H. Apple, pastor of St. John's Reformed Church of York, Pa. ; and two that died in infancy. HENRY CARPENTER, a prominent member of the Lancaster County Bar, is in every way a lead- ing and representative citizen. His ancestors orig- inated in Switzerland, coming to America, in the persons of Heinrich Zimmerman, and Salome Ruff- ner, his wife, in 1698, on account of the religious disturbance in their native land at that time. His location was in Pennsylvania, where he secured ex- tensive tracts of land from William Penn, one de- mand, however, having to be complied with, that being the Anglicizing of the name. Thus Heinrich Zimmerman became Plenry Carpenter, and since those early days, there has, in every generation, been a Henry Carpenter, the Lancaster county attorney being the sixth in line of succession. Christian Carpenter, his grandfather, was a well- known and most worthy farmer who resided in Earl to\vnship, this county. There he prospered both in material and religious affairs, and built a church edi- fice which is known as Carpenter's church, in Earl- ville. Christian Carpenter was a man of liberal spirit, leaving in his will the request that this place of worship should be open to all who wished to use it for religious purposes, irrespective of creed. Many of the Carpenters lie in its shadow, and the kind in- fluence of this good man pervades the place. William Carpenter, the father of Henry Car- penter, of Lancaster, was for many years the reliable and best known surveyor, scrivener and convey- ancer of Lancaster county. The contest which made him prothonotary of Lancaster was one of the most notable political events in the history of the county. Mr. Carpenter was an old Line Whig, and there had been a split in the Republican party. The result was a triangular fight in which Mr. Carpenter won, by six votes, over his principal competitor, Peter Martin. An election contest followed, and the re- sult of this was that Mr. Carpenter was declared elected by a majority of twelve votes, just twice the number which he had originally claimed. This is history, and is well remembered by all parties. Mr. Carpenter filled the office and performed its duties with a faithfulness that left nothing to be de- sired. An old neighbor and personal friend of Pres- ident James Buchanan, he was selected as one of the pall-bearers at the funeral of this distinguished statesman and courtly gentleman. The marriage of William Carpenter was to Car- oline Eichler, who was a daughter of a prominent farmer, living near Lititz, and to this union there were born fifteen children, seven of these still sur- viving: Albert, who became a member of the Bar in this county^ but died in the early part of what promised to be a brilliant career ; William, a banker, now deceased; Paul, a printer by trade, deceased; Charles, who occupied the position of paying teller in the Lancaster County National Bank, deceased; Mary A., deceased wife of the late Alderman H. R. McConomy ; Caroline A., deceased, who was the wife of the late Jacob Bair ; Catherine, who was the wife of the late John McGrann ; Ella L., deceased wife of Col. Wm. R. Gerhart ; Emily J., at home ; Elizabeth, who is a teacher of literature, in Philadelphia ; Israel, who is city regulator of Lancaster; Stella, who is the wife of Dr. J. W. Nelson, who is assistant to the general manager of the Pennsylvania railroad at Altoona, Pa. ; Hnery, of Lancaster ; Anna B., who died at the age of twenty- four years ; and Salome R., who bears the name of her ancestral grand- mother, the wife of Heinrich Zimmerman. A pleas- ant little bit of family history is that when the latter set out on his long trip to the strange country, where he intended to find a new home, that he was presented with a set of carpenter tools by no less a personage than Queen Anne of England herself, along with the lands from William Penn, the original deeds for the latter being yet in the family archives. Henry Carpenter was born in the old Carpenter home, on East Orange street, it being the building which is now occupied by the Hamilton Club, on Nov. 29, 1859, and he passed with credit through the common and high schools of Lancaster. After the death of his father in December, 1875, at the age of sixty-four years, the mother surviving until 1892, her death being at the age of sixty-eight years, Plenry Carpenter went into the business of scrivening and conveyancing, in association with his brother, Israel, and in the meantime engaged in read- ing law, with David G. Eshleman. In June, 1881, he was admitted to the Bar, and later to practice in the Superior and the Supreme courts. Through four terms he made a fine record as city solicitor, and he was the nominee of the Republican party for -the mayoralty. The successful competitor was the Democratic candidate, Robert Clark, not, however, on account of any want of confidence in Mr. Carpenter, but on account of the unfortunate split in the party. The political feelings of many of the good citizens of Lancaster were at fever heat, the trouble being in what was locally known and re- corded as the Livingston-Brubaker fight. Mr. Car- penter in his public life, has never courted trouble. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 187 but he has always been a man who stood for certain prmciples, and in this contest he favored the claims of Judge Livingston, and hence was sacrificed by the opponents of this gentleman, and for no personal reasons. From his earliest manhood, Mr. Carpenter has been an ardent and active Republican, and has served efficiently on the Republican State Central committee. Fraternally he is valued in a number of social organizations ; was a member of the final examining committee of the Lancaster Bar, for many years ; is a 32d degree Mason, belonging to the Philadelphia Consistory ; is a Past Master of Lodge, No. 43 ; Past High Priest of Chapter, No. 43 ; Past Thrice Illustri- ous Grand Master of Goodwin Council, No. 19 ; Past Eminent Commander of Knights Templar Com- mandery No. 13 ; Past Thrice Potent Grand Master of Lancaster Lodge of Perfection, 14th degree ; and is at present representative of Lodge No. 43, to the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania. On Feb. 15, 1898, Mr. Carpenter was married to Miss Helen Sprecher Wiley, daughter of Thomas C. Wiley, and a granddaughter of the late Major W. M. Wiley, on the paternal side, and the grand- daughter of the well known William D. Sprecher, of Lancaster on the maternal side. The family home at No. 503 North Duke street, Lancaster, is one of comfort and elegance, while his business office, at No. 54 North Duke street, is well located and stocked with a fine library. Here Mr. Carpen- ter transacts a large amount of business, and he is justly regarded as one of the prominent and pros- perous citizens. MATTHIAS BARTON, a son of Rev. Thomas Barton, was admitted to practice law in the Lancas- ter county courts in 1788. In the years 1793, 1794 and 1795 he represented Lancaster county in the State Legislature. He was elected to the Senate of Pennsylvania in 1796, and re-elected in 1800. He possessed a fondness for natural history, and made quite a collection of specimens in zoology and of min- erals. He also devoted considerable of his time to drawing sketches from nature. He died Jan. 11, 1809, in the forty-seventh year of his age. DAVID GROFF, one of the oldest as well as most respected citizens of East Lampeter township, of which he is a native, was born Jan. 23, i8r8. The family has been identified with agricultural interests in this section for several generations, our subject's grandfather, also named David, having lived and died in Lancaster county. He was a farmer and fol- lowed that calling all his life. In religion he was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. His wife's maiden name is now unknown, but he was the father of nine children : John, now deceased ; Martin, de- ceased, who was a resident of Lancaster city; Da- vid (2), the father of our subject; Esther, wife of Jacob Miller; Elizabeth, Mrs. Hannah; Evanna, wife of John Landis ; Mary, wife of John Rohrer; and Hannah and Catherine, both of whom remained unmarried. David Groff (2), father of our subject, lived at the old home all his life, and worked on the farm. He received a common school education. He married Miss Elizabeth Witmer, of Lancaster county, and they became the parents of five children: Annie, who died unmarried; Benjamin, deceased; David; Elizabeth, wife of Jacob Erb ; and Martin, of Eden. Both parents were members of the Old Mennonite Church. They both departed this life in 1827, when our subject was but nine years of age. David Grofif, the third in turn to bear this name, went to live with his relations after his parents died, remaining until he was of age, and in the meantime he received a somewhat limited education. He be- gan business for himself farming on the place where he now resides, having purchased the farm of the heirs in 1841. For his first wife Mr. Groff married Miss Eliza- beth Buckwalter, by whom he had ten children : An- nie, widow of Martin Denlinger; Abraham, of Lan- caster county ; Miss Mary, who is at home ; Martin, of Lancaster county; Amanda, deceased wife of Jacob Huber ; David, living on the farm with his fa- ther ; Elizabeth, wife of Jacob Landis ; Israel, deceas- ed ; Elias, of Lancaster county ; and Emma, wife of Benjamin Harnish. The mother of these children died in 1874, and Mr. Groff married for his second wife Miss Magdeline Weaver, daughter of Abraham Weaver, who was from' Cumberland county. They are both members of the Old Mennonite Church. Mr. Grofif has taken his place among Lancaster county's most prominent citizens. Although deprived of the advantages of education, he has been very successful in life, and owns two fine farms. He is public- spirited, deeply interested in local affairs, and has served ably five years as school director. In political sentiment he is a Republican. JOHN MUSSELMAN, retired miller of Lan- caster, was born in this county, Nov. 9, 181 1, a son of Michael and Barbara (Sherrer) Musselman, and grandson of David and Magdalene Musselman, the former a farmer in early life, but later retired. The parents of John Musselman were born at Silver Spring, Lancaster county, the father, Oct. 18, 1782, and the mother, March 19, 1785 ; and the fa- ther died Dec. 2^, 1851, at the age of seventy, while the mother lived to be eighty years of age. Michael Musselman was a distiller, miller and farmer, and a man of influence in the community, at one time being a director of the Lancaster Bank, as well as county poor director. With his wife he is buried in the Presbyterian cemetery in Paradise township, al- though the latter was a member of the Mennonite Church. Into their family were born the following children : David ; Ann ; Jacob ; John ; Samuel ; Isaac and Maria, the latter the wife of Elam Witmer ; and Susan. Of this large family John. is the only sur- viving member. 188 BIOGRAPHICAL. ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Until about 1830 John Musselman lived on the paternal farm, and then began to learn the miller's trade in a mill about a mile from Strasburg. This same mill continued to be the object of his care until 1 88 1, or for half a century, lacking one year, and it was said that the old burr mill on Pequea Creek turned out a better grade of flour than did any of its associates in business in the locality. The flour found a ready market, and was manufactured at the rate of fifty barrels a day, and the owner of the mill attained a competence which enabled him permanently to re- tire from active life in 1881. For many years he was a director in the Farmers' National Bank, and held many positions of trust and responsibility in the af- fairs of his township. He is a member of no church, but bears an enviable reputation in the community of which he has been an integral part for so many years. Near Strasburg, Feb. 13, 1834, Mr. Musselman married Eliza A. Brackbill, born in Lampeter town- ship, Oct. 24, 1810, and who died Nov. 22, 1888. The parents of Mrs. Musselman were Christian and Magdalene (Herr) Brackbill, of Lampeter^ the former a miller by occupation. Mr. and Mrs. Brack- bill had one son, David H., who is deceased. To John Musselman and his wife were born the follow- ing children : Franklin B., a retired miller of Stras- burg; Milton M., deceased at an early age; Chris- tian, a retired coal and lumber merchant of Witmer, Pa.; Anna E., deceased in infancy; Emma S., wife of Dr. A. J. Herr, of Lancaster; Martha M., living at home ; Barbara A., living at home ; Eliza A., mar- ried IDr. Ji Henry Musser, of Lampeter, and is now deceased ; Myra M., the wife of Dr. Harry E. Mus- ser, of Witmer, Pa. ; Harriet F., deceased wife of Reuben H. Herr ; and Ada L., who died in infancy. The two last named children were twins. JACOB RATHFON, for an ordinary lifetime a member of the firm of Myers & Rathfon, leading clothiers of Lancaster, but who retired from business on Nov. 5, IQ02-, is one of the most remarkable men in that city. He comes of very old Pennsylvania stock ; his grandfather, also Jacob by name, was born in Lancaster county, and there followed farming. Joseph Rathfon, son of Jacob, was a farmer near New Danville, this county, and died seventy-eight years ago, when Jacob Rathfon was little more than an in- fant. Joseph Rathfon married Anna Shank, daugh- ter of the late John Shank, a well known farmer living near Conestoga Center. Jacob Rathfon was born in New Danville Dec. 4, 1819, and was the only child of his Barents. He was educated in the schools of the district, attending until he reached the age of ten years, when he started out to light the battle of life alone. After making himself useful in various ways until he was fourteen years old, he was indentured as an apprentice at tail- oring, near Lititz. serving three and a half years, and then coming to Lancaster. This was in 1839, and after working as a journeyman tailor for five years, he started in business for himself, and on July I, 1866, he entered into partnership with Samuel M. Myers. Then and there was born what was destined to become not only the leading clothing es- tablishment of the city, but one of the most prominent in the State. They started in trade at the corner of East King street and Center Square, now Watt & Shand's corner ; then removed to the southeast angle of Center Square, remaining there three years. On Oct. 9, 1874, they entered the large elegant build- ing at No. 12 East King street, which they had erected, and where the business is still located. They were not only engaged as merchant tailors, manufac- turing goods in large quantities, but sold wholesale as well as retail, their trade extending all over the State and necessitating the employing of from eighty to one hundred men the year round. Years ago Messrs. Myers & Rathfon began building dwelling- houses for renting purposes, and as they built not for mere speculation, but for an investment, they built good houses, and today they are the owners of one hundred or more of the best dwelling-houses that ^ can be rented in the city of Lancaster. These houses, being of good quality and in good localities, have never been known to "go begging" for tenants, as, besides the desirability of these homes in other respects, Messrs. Myers & Rathfon are always con- siderate of the needs of their tenants, many of whom have been living in the same houses for almost an ordinary lifetime. No two men in Lancaster have contributed so much to the material advancement of the city as these two enterprising citizens. Mr. Rathfon was married, in early manhood, to Miss Mary Louisa Brown, daughter of the late John Brown, a pioneer watch and clock maker of Lan- caster, whose kindly face is well remembered by many of our older citizens. Seven children, three of whom are Hving, brightened their home: (i) Gil- bert Brown, who is freight agent of the Nickel Plate Railroad, in Buffalo, N. Y., has been twice married ; his first wife, Catherine Pauline King, daughter of. Solomon King, of Baltimore, died March 26, 1893, the mother of three children, Louise King (who mar- ried F. K. Souer, of Lancaster), Gilbert Brown, Jr. (who married May Meenan, of Buffalo, N. Y.), and Mary Ellen; his second wife. May Whitesell, of Washington, is the mother of one child, Paul White- sell. (2) J. H. enjoys the proud distinction of hav- ing been city treasurer of Lancaster longer than any other man in the history of the city, having held that responsible office almost continuously since 1887 ; he married Mary E. Ha'rtman. (3) Mary Ellen is the widow of Christian Rine, a prominent leaf to- bacco dealer. Of those deceased, John Edwin, who took a prominent part in the mercantile business of Myers & Rathfon, married Elizabeth Reigart, and a son, William E., blessed the union. Melvin Hub- lev was a popular salesman in the establishment of Myers & Rathfon. and passed away universally re- gretted, on Dec. 14, igoo; he married Laura C. Locher, and left one child, Mary Ellen. The family reside in an elegant home at No. 228 North Duke J(^t c^ ^.>,/^^' BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 189 street, on what was the site of the old First Metho- dist church. Mrs. Rathfon died Dec. i8, 1896, be- loved and regretted by all. She was a member of Trmty Lutheran Church. Mr Rathfon belongs to no secret orders. He is a member of Trinity Lutheran Church, of which he has be-en a trustee for ten years past. In politics he IS a Republican, and has been councilman, school di- rector trustee of the Children's Home, etc., but cares little for public office. His only recreation is in a quiet drive behind a good road horse, one (or more) of which he always keeps. Indeed, his well-known fondness for a good horse led him into the Lancaster, Drivers^ Association, and in the grand parade of that a.ssociat"ion, in June, igoi, he was a conspicuous figure, driving his own team and sitting as erect as any man in the parade, notwithstanding the weight of almost eighty-two years of an active, industrious life. He is a remarkable man, phvsically and men- tally, and is greatly beloved by the people of the com- munity in which he lives. GEORGE ROSS represented Lancaster county in the Continental Congress which adopted the Dec- laration of Independence. He was born at New Cas- tle, Del., in 1730, and coming to Lancaster county was admitted as an attorney-at-law, in 1750. In 1768 he was elected a member of the Provincial Assembly of Pennsylvania, and held that office until in 1776, when he was elected to membership in the Continental Congress. He retired in 1777 on ac- count of ill health. Lancaster county offered him the sum of £150 for his services to it, but he would not accept it. On April 14, 1779, he was appointed a judge of the Court of Admiralty. On July 13, 1779, he died of an attack of the gout and was buried in Christ Church graveyard in Philadelphia. PHILIP S. BUSH. Among the prominent and substantial farmers of Lancaster county who have pursued a successful agricultural career for many years, and can now enjoy the fruits of earlier activ- ity, is Philip S. Bush, who lives retired on his well- cultivated farm in Sadsbury township, one of its most highly esteemed citizens. Mr. Bush was born in West Vincent township, Chester county, July 17, 1821, a son of John and Catherine (Sheeder) Bush, the former of whom was a native of Berks county. Pa., and the latter of Germany. Both died in Ches- ter county, where he carried on farming and mason work ; he was also a tailor by trade. John Bush died in 1852, at the age of seventy-two years, and his widow survived until 1868, dying at the age of eighty-four years. Both parents were worthy mem- bers of the Lutheran Church, while in his political belief, Mr. Bush was a Republican. Their children were: Henry, deceased; William, deceased; Peter, deceased ; Jacob, deceased ; Charles, deceased ; Fred, deceased; Philip S. ; Samuel, deceased; Mary, de- ceased, Avho first married an Egley, and second, a Whiteside ; Catherine, deceased wife of John Fridy ; Caroline, deceased, who married first William Mor- ris, second, John McGowan ; Dorothy, deceased wife of George Miller ; and Anna, deceased, who married a Morris, the only survivor of this large family being Philip S. Philip S. Bush was reared on his father's farm, but when he reached the age of seventeen years, he learned the trade of wheelwright, working for two years at Warwick furnace. Then Mr. Bush took up the companion trade, that of carpenter, and for nine years worked at this, finally becoming a manufac- turer of agricultural implements, in Christiana, Pa., but five years later he moved to his present excellent farm, consisting of seventy-one acres, and this he operated with great success until his voluntary re- tirement in 1897. Although in years Mr. Bush may be considered with the older generation, his vigor of mind and body still keep him from the discomforts of old age, and make his friends and neighbors for- get the date on the calendar. In 1846 Mr. Bush was married (first) in Ches- ter county, Pa., to Miss Catherine Weidner, and the children born to this union were : Winfield S., who remains with his father, unmarried ; Wilmer, de- ceased, who was a skilled machinist; Franklin, who married and moved to Hartford, Conn., where he is a machinist ; Milton, who married Barbara Scott, and resides on the home farm ; and Cecelia, deceased wife of James Allen. Mrs. Catherine (Weidner) BusH was born in Chester county, and died in 1867; her remains were interred at Atglen, Pa. She was a daughter of Daniel and Priscilla Weidner, of Ches- ter county. The second marriage of Mr. Bush occurred in 1887, at the home of the bride, in Sadsbury town- ship, Mary Neidich becoming his wife. She was born in Paradise township, a daughter of Peter and Catherine Neidich, of Lancaster county, and her death occurred in 1891, at the age of fifty-five years, leaving no children. Mr. Bush has been identified with many public interests, for eighteen years serving as school direc- tor and as president of the board, holding many of the local offices with efficiency, being particularly sat- isfactory as county auditor during three years. Mr. Bush has been past master in the Masonic fraternity, and in his political sympathy, is with the Republican party. For many years he has been a member and liberal supporter of the Presbyterian Church, and is a man of honor and estimable character in every walk of life. LEVI S. REIST, son of Jacob Reist, and a prominent citizen, died in Oregon, Lancaster county. May 29, 1892. He was born in Millport, Warwick township, in 1817, and lived there until in 1888, when he moved to Oregon. Although simply educated in the schools of his neighborhood, he had an acquiring mind and was a warm friend of education, having been a member of the board of trustees of the Mil- lersville school for a number of years. In early life 190 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY he had been a Whig, but when the RepubHcan party was formed joined it. He was elected county com- missioner in 1859. He was an enthusiastic horticult- urist, and one of the founders of the Lancaster County Agricultural Society. His most remarkable trait, however, was his knowledge of local genealogy and traditions, with particular reference to those families of German descent, which in his death have been lost beyond recall. ELIAS E. REIST, a leading citizen and a successful farmer of Penn township, who for twenty years has been the efficient town clerk, belongs to a highly respected family of Lancaster county. Grandfather Abraham Reist was born in Penn town- ship in 1770, and during his whole life was a farmer, and one of the leading members of the Old Men- nonite Church. His marriage was to Veronica Cas- sell, and they had a family of seven children : Ab- raham, the father of Elias E. ; Joseph, a farmer of Penn township ; Henry, a farmer of Penn town- ship ; Elizabeth, the wife of Jacob Hershey ; Nancy, the wife of John Summy ; Veronica, the wife of Da- vid Metzgar ; and Esther, the wife of Jacob Dohner. Abraham Reist was also born in Penn town- ship, in 1798, and his whole life was devoted to agricultural pursuits. A valued member of the Old Mennonite Church, he was highly respected, and his death occurred in September, 1844. The mother of Elias E. Reist bore the maiden name of Barbara Eby. Seven children were born to Abra- ham Reist and wife : Aaron, a farmer of Penn township ; Moses, who died unmarried ; Elias, of this sketch; Benjamin, who has charge of the toll- gate on the Lancaster and Manheim pike road; Sybilla, who married Rev. Benjamin Eby, of the German Baptist Church ; Maria, deceased, who was the wife of Samuel H. Oberholtzer ; and Esther, who was the wife of Abram Rutt, both now deceased. Elias E. Reist was born in Penn township, Nov. 22, 1831, and he remained with his mother until he reached his majority, attending the common schools and assisting on the farm. His first farm- ing on his own account was on land located at Lime Rock, and here he remained for nine years, moving then to the fine farm where he now resides. This consists of some thirty-seven acres, and ' is located about one and one-half miles from Man- heim, and here Mr. Reist has made many valuable improvements. Mr. Reist carries on general farm- ing, raising the usual products of this section in abundance. For some seven years he also en- gaged in the butcher business, but has had much of his time occupied with the duties of public of- fice. In politics he is a stanch Republican, and for three years has been supervisor of Penn township, and for twenty years the valued town clerk. Mr. Reist was married to Catherine Keller, daughter of Frederick and Catherine Keller. Mr. Reist is one of the leading citizens of this locality, a man of strict integrity, and is one who deserves and enjoys the esteem of the community. Although having no children of their own, Mr. and Mrs. Reist have taken and reared five children, three girls and two - boys. Christianna F. Peffer, who was in her seventh year when taken by her foster parents, married Samuel Weidner; Ellen M. Seitzinger, taken in her third year, is the wife of Henry E. Kready ; Olivia Elizabeth Brenneman is the wife of Noah T. Holhnger. A. D. Sahm mar- ried Emma Basehore, and Milton W. Keener is still with his benefactors. The three last ■ named were taken in their infancy. HENRY HERSHEY, one of the leading busi- ness men of Lancaster, Pa., was born in East Hemp- field township, Lancaster county, April 28, 1839, a son of Jacob and Eliza (Miller) Hershey, natives of East Hempfield and West Lampeter townships, respectively. Jacob Hershey was a farmer, distiller and miller until 1869, when he removed to Lancaster, and made his home with his son, Henry, until the mar- riage of the latter. He then resided in a separate home until his death, Aug. 25, 1872, when he was aged seventy-six years. His wife survived until 1880, when she, too, died aged seventy-six. During the latter ^art of her life she was a member of the Presbyterian Church. The father was as- sessor of his township for a number of «years. Both he and his wife are buried in Lancaster cemetery. The following children were born to Jacob Hershey and his wife : Ezra, a retired farmer of Darke coun- ty, Ohio, to which locality he removed in 1847; Sarah, married Henry Schreiner, retired, of Lancas- ter, Pa.; Benjamin, deceased; Jacob, deceased, a farmer of Darke county, Ohio; John S., a retired farmer of Ohio; Anna, who is the widow of An- drew Emmert, of Ephrata, Pa. ; Jeremiah, who died in infancy ; Mary, widow of Emanuel Schreiner, of Lancaster, Pa. ; Lizzie, unmarried, of Lancaster, Pa. ; Susan, widow of Albert Stanton, of Lancas- ter, Pa. ; AmeHa, unmarried, of Lancaster, Pa. ; Amos, deceased ; Henry ; Harriet, who died in in- fancy ; Fanny, who married William Peifer, of Lan- caster; Reuben, in the bottling business at Wilkes- barre. Pa. ; and Elizabeth, deceased in infancy. Of this large family, fourteen grew to maturity. The paternal grandfather, Benjamin Hershey, was a native of Lancaster, although of Swiss extraction, and by calling he was a farmer. The boyhood days of Henry Hershey were passed upon his father's farm, he working during the sum- mer months and attending school in the winter, until he attained the age of seventeen, when he removed to Lancaster and learned the trade of coach maker, following it until the outbreak of the Civil war. Like so many of his young associates, he enlisted, in September, 1861, enrolling in Co. C, 79th P. V. I., under Capt. Dysart, for three years, but in 1862 he was detached for duty with the Signal Corps. In the fall of 1863, he re-enlisted as a sergeant in BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 191 the Signal Corps, and thereafter served as a non- commissioned officer until he was mustered out of service, at Nashville, Tenn., Aug. 25, 1865. During his term of service, Mr. Hershey participated in var- ous skirmishes, battles and in the three days battle of Chickamauga, but vi^as never wounded, although the strain of long marches, exposure and other hardships which fall to the lot of a soldier have all been felt and suffered for by Mr. Hershey, many times over. One of our noted physicians, speaking of the veterans of the Civil war, makes the state- ment that it was not necessary that a man be in- jured by bullet or cannon, for the hardships alone were sufficient to destroy the strongest constitution, to make every soldier an object of reverence, and the symbol of what is highest and truest in our country. The soldiers of 1861-65 offered their lives that our country might forever be one and insepar- able. In 1869, Mr. Hershey succeeded to the well-es- tablished business of his uncle, John S. Miller, which had been in operation some twenty years. This en- terprise comprises a large wholesale coffee business, including steam roaster, and the trade in this line, owing to Mr. Hershey's progressive methods, and thorough grasp of his undertaking, is a sound and steadily increasing one. When he assumed control, the business was located in a frame structure, which was totally destroyed by fire in 1880, but was re- built, the new plant being of brick and much more convenient and commodious. On Feb. 27, 1872, Mr. Hershey was married, in Lancaster, to Miss Annie M. Fetter, who was born at Oak Hill, Paradise township, Lancaster county, daughter of Edwin T. and Laura L. (Whitmer) Fetter, of Lancaster. She was educated in the Lan- caster and Lititz schools, and her fatha- was a school teacher, making a specialty of languages, and holding several chairs in various academies. Re- maining in Lancaster county. Pa., until 1850, he removed to Prince George county, Va., where he purchased wood and farm land, and continued in the lumber business until his death, which occurred Dec. 3, 1852. The mother afterward removed to Lancaster county. Pa., and died in October, 1890, at the age of sixty-five years, and was interred in Woodward Hill cemetery. Both she and her hus- band were members of the Episcopal Church. The children born to these parents were: Frederick, who died in Texas at the age of thirty-five; and ' Annie M., wife of Mr. Hershey. FREDERICK A. ALBRIGHT. A lifelong resident of Lancaster, Mr. Albright by his industry and uprightness proved himself a worthy son of his home city. Here he was born in 1822, and here his busy life came to an end Aug. 4, 1892. He was a member of an old Pennsylvania family, and a son of Anthony and Susan Albright, who came from Germantown to Lancaster, the father establishing a printing business on the corner of Prince and West King streets. Under the guid- ance of these worthy parents he was trained to habits of usefulness and persevering industry, and was thus prepared for an active and honorable career. While he was still a mere lad he was trained to a thorough knowledge of the stove mounter's trade, and this he followed for a time, but after- ward turned ,his attention to the bakery business as offering more satisfactory inducements for profit. In the midst of the labors connected with the management of his business affairs, Mr. Albright did not neglect his duties as a citizen, but in every way endeavored to promote the welfare of his city, and to support measures for its advance. In poli- tics he advocated the principles of the Republican party, and on that ticket he was elected to a number of local offices, including that of member of the city council, in which capacity he served several terms. Reared in the Moravian faith, he was throughout life an earnest and faithful member of that church, and a contributor to its various charities. In Lancaster, in 1845, occurred the marriage of Frederick A. Albright and Sarah Axer. Born of their union were the following children: Charles E., who died at nine years of age ; Mary, who mar- ried Dr. Benjamin Sides, but is now deceased; Walter F., who is represented elsewhere in this volume; Sarah C, deceased, formerly the wife of Valentine Werkheiser, a wholesale grocer of Lan- caster; and Fred A., who died in boyhood. Mrs. Albright was born in Lancaster April 10, 1828, a daughter of Jacob and Susan (Ward) Axer. During his early life he followed the trade of a linen weaver, but for years before his death he was forced, owing to rheumatisrfi, to give up all at- tempts in the way of steady work. However, in spite of this drawback, he accumulated sufficient to provide his family with the comforts of life and lay up enough to surround the old age of himself and wife with all the necessities. At the time of his death, in 1843, he was seventy-three years of age. His wife, who was many years his junior, deid in 1880 at the age of eighty-two, and was interred in the cemetery at Lancaster. Both were members of the Reformed Church, and endeavored in their actions to exemplify the truth of the doc- trines of Christianity. Their children were as fol- lows : John ; Catherine, Mrs. John A. McGin- nis ; and Jacob, Sarah, George and Frederick, all of whom are deceased excepting Sarah, Mrs. Al- bright. Notwithstanding her advanced years Mrs. Al- bright retains her mental and physical faculties, and is active, hearty and energetic, retaining to an unusual degree her interest in the world's ac- tivities. In this city, which was the home of her childhood as well as of her mature years, she num- bers many friends among the old residents, and she is esteemed for those attributes of character that always charm. Her kindliness of heart is shown in generous contributions to the poor and 192 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY needy, and those in distress are never turned un- aided from her door. SAMUEL H. REYNOLDS was born at Brier Creek in Columbia county, Pa., Nov. 20, 1831, a son of Thomas Reynolds, At fourteen years of age he entered Dickinson College, and graduated from there in 1850. He then went to Bellefonte and began to read law with Hon. J. T. Hale, and was admitted to practice law in 1853. In Septem- ber, 1855, he was admitted to the Bar at Lancaster. In 1856 he was elected city solicitor. In 1858 he married a daughter of the late Wm. B. Fordney, Esq. In 1866 he was the Democratic nominee for Congress but was defeated, and in May, 1872, he was appointed as a member of the State Constitu- tional Convention. He died Sept. 10, 1889. He was the personal friend of Thaddeus Stevens, Reah Frazer, Thomas E. Franklin and O. J. Dickey. ISRAEL G. ERB. The primal causes which shape the fortunes of individual men and the des- tinies of states are often the same. They are usually remote and obscure; their influence wholly unex- pected until declared by results. When they inspire men to the exercise of courage, self-denial, enter- prise and industry, and call mto play the higher moral elements, such causes lead to the planting of great states, great nations, great peoples. That na- tion is greatest which produces the greatest and most manly men, and its safety depends not so much upon methods and measures as upon that true man- hood from whose deep sources all that is precious and permanent in life must at least proceed. Such a result may not be consciously contemplated by the individuals instrumental in the production of a great state or nation. Pursuing each his personal good by exalted means, this follows their work as a logical sequel. They have wrought along the lines of the greatest good. The family of which Israel G. Erb is a worthy representative has long been identified with the an- nals of the old Keystone State, and in the several generations have been those who have ably carried forward the work of founding and building a great commonwealth, each successive generation accom- plishing something which may well be "remembered with pride by remote descendants," to quote the words of Macaulay. It is not within the province of this work to enter into the manifold details of re- mote genealogy, but in each case it is aimed to in- corporate sufficient data to indicate the lesson and incentive which may be "read between the Hnes." Mr. Erb is one of the representative citizens of Lan- caster county, which has been his home throughout life, and there he has lived and labored to goodly ends, even as did those of earlier generations of the family. In tracing back the genealogy of the agnatic line, we find that he is of the sixth generation of the family in Pennsylvania, and the mere statement of this fact will stand as voucher for the further state- ment that the name must thus have been identified with the history "of that Commonwealth from the earliest pioneer epoch — far antecedent to the war of the Revoltition. To be somewhat more exact, it may be said that the great-great-great-grandfather of Israel G. Erb was one of five brothers and a sister who emigrated from Switzerland to America in the beginning of the eighteenth century, and took up their abode in the midst of the untrammeled forest wilds of what was destined to be the great State of Pennsylvania, the one of the number who figures as the progenitor of the gentleman whose name intro- duces this sketch taking up a tract of land in what is now Lancaster county, and since that early epoch the name has been prominently and consecutively linked with the annals of this section. It is needless to say his initial efforts were in the direction of reclaiming a portion of his land and rendering it eligible for cultivation, for agriculture was the one industry to which recourse must be had by those valiant souls who became the pioneers of a new land. He cleared a section of forest land in Penn township, within three miles of the present attractive little city of Lititz, and as the result of his indefatigable and well directed efiforts reclaimed a homestead worthy to be passed from generation to generation and to become hallowed with memories and associations, as it is to-day — the old homestead now in the posses- sion of Israel G. Erb, who was there born, as were also his father, grandfather and great-grand- father before him. Israel G. Erb was born Sept. 12, 1843, on the ancestral farm, a son of David W. and Catherine (Groff) Erb, the former of whom was born there March 4, 1819. David W. Erb was reared to ma- turity under the invigorating discipline of the farm, receiving a good education for the day, and proving himself a man of strong mentality, excellent judg- ment and impregnable integrity. He never wavered in his devotion to the great basic art of husbandry, which continued to engross his attention throughout his long and active life. He was one of the most pro- gressive and influential farmers of Penn township and of Lancaster county, and in his death, which occurred in July, 1885, there passed away one of na- ture's unassuming noblemen, and one whose life had been lived on an exalted plane of rectitude and honor. In religion he held to the simple and beautiful faith of the Mennonite Church, in whose work he ever took an active interest. In politics he originally gave his support to the Whig party, but upon the organ- ization of the Republican party he transferred his allegiance thereto, and ever afterward remained a stalwart adherent to the same. His marriage to^ Miss Catherine Groff was solemnized in 1840, and she still survives him, having attained the venerable age of eighty years, and resting serene and hopeful in the deepest Christian faith, and in the filial solici- tude and devotion of her children, who may well "rise up and call her blessed." She Hkewise is a na- >^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 193 tive of Lancaster county, where her family was founded many generations ago, the town of Groff- dale perpetuating the name. She is a daughter of John Groff, vrho was a successful farmer of the county and an influential member of the Mennonite Church. David W. and Catherine Erb became the parents of two daughters and one son, namely: Maria, who is the wife of Christian Kreiter, of Lin- coln, this county; Adaline, wife of John Brubaker, who resides in the same vicinity ; and Israel G., the immediate subject of this review. Daniel Erb, the paternal grandfather of Israel G., was likewise born in what is now Penn township, where he was exten- sively engaged in farming, being one of the substan- tial men of the community, and one of the leading members of the Mennonite Church. His wife, whose maiden name was Mary Witwer, was a cousin of Gen. Witwer, whose name is honored in the annals of the nation. Daniel and Mary Erb became the parents of foui' sons and four daughters, of whom David W., father of Israel G., was the eldest. Israel G. Erb waxed strong in mental and phy- sical vigor under the sturdy discipline of the old homestead farm upon which he was reared, and it is needless to say that he learned the science of agri- culture under most effective preceptorship, for his father was a man of progressive methods and fine business acumen, and saw to it that his son was properly instructed in a practical and systematic way. It must be understood, however, that the fa^ ther was also fully appreciative of the value of theo- retical or scholastic education as well, and that he afforded his son every consistent advantage for rounding out a symmetrical mental development. After successfully completing the curriculum of the public schools in the vicinity of his home he became encouraged to broaden still farther his fund of knowledge, and at the age of eighteen years he was matriculated as a student in the Lititz Academy, an institution which attained exceptional prestige under the direction of its distinguished and honored found- er, the late lamented Prof. John Beck, to whose able and kindly tutoring Mr. Erb feels himself indebted in perpetual gratitude and honor, as he does also to the successors of that worthy educator and noble man. Under the direction of Prof. Beck he secured a lib- eral education, showing exceptional predilection for mathematics, and becoming so proficient in its vari- ous branches, including civil engineering, that his pre- ceptor advised him to adopt engineering as a profes- sion. However, he was induced to engage in teach- ing, and he devoted four terms to pedagogic work, in'which he was successful. But in the meanwhile he had reason to revert to the advice of his old friend and preceptor, and began to realize more fully the wisdom of the admonition. He accordingly again became a student in Lititz Academy, where he took up a special course in higher mathematics and civil engineering, under Proi. G. W. Plepp, who, with Prof. F. D. Rickert, succeeded Prof. Beck in the management of the academy. Of liis work after 13 leaving the academy for the second time a previous- ly published article speaks as follows : "Subse- quently he began business as a surveyor, and in a short time his accurate work attracted widespread attention, and consequently his services have always been in denland. As a scrivener he has few equals- He is an adept in all lines, preparing legal as well as commercial, religious and social documents in plain and faultless terms. Since that time he has been en- gaged in surveying and has also given much time and labor and care to the proper management of his fine farm and other business investments, which are of wide scope and importance." It may be safely and truly said that no citizen of Lititz, where he has maintained his residence for the past twenty years, has done more to forward the legitimate industrial advancement of this section of the State than has Mr. Erb, while his influence has ever been helpfully and potently exerted in the pro- motion of educational, religious and civic progress, and he has maintained that public-spirited attitude which bespeaks the well-balanced, enterprising and conservative business man, and the citizen appre- ciative of the responsibilities and duties involved in citizenship. In harmony with the statements made in the initial paragraph of this sketch, he has wrought along the line of the greatest good, and, while fur- thering individual prosperity through normal and legitimate channels, he has materially aided in pro- moting the general welfare, for every legitimate en- terprise in a community has a reflex valuation which is not, perhaps, superficially evident. We take pleasure in reiterating the dictum pronounced by another writer in noting the salient points in the career of our subject: "Mr. Erb has always been solicitous for the welfare of Lititz, and is nevef found in the rear when industries are projected or organized. His sound business principles have brought him a large clientage, and his advice and assistance in other forms have benefited so many of his fellow citizens that he is uniformly regarded as a model humanitarian. No selfish motive was ever charged against him in his dealings with neigh- bor or stranger, and in all his walks he manifests the qualities of the true Christian gentleman." For m.any years Mr. Erb has been a member of the board of school directors, and for a period of over four years he was treasurer of the board, evef taking a deep interest in the cause of education, and sparing no pains to advance the same so far as in his province lies. In politics he has been at all times stanchly arrayed in support of the principles and policies of the Republican party, but he has never been imbued with office-seeking proclivities, though in 1882 he was elected jury commissioner of the county, of which office he was incumbent for three years. In religion he clings to the faith of his fa- thers, being a consistent member of the Mennonite Church, to whose direct work and collateral benevo- lences he has ever been a liberal contributor. He still conducts the old homestead, which is one of the 194 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY finest rural estates in this section, the same now com- prising eighty-five acres, and being maintained under the highest state of cultivation, while the permanent improvements are of the most substantial, consistent and attractive order. His other interests are of wide scope and varied character, and his infltience is dis- tinctly felt in the promoting of the success of the various enterprises with which he is thus identified. He is president of the Lititz National Bank; vice- president of the Northern Trust Company, of Lan- caster; a member of the directorate of the Lancas- ter & Lititz Turnpike Company; was one of the organizers and president of the Independent Tele- phone Company of Lancaster county ; for twenty-one j'ears has served as secretary of the Penn Township Fire Insurance Company ; was one of the organizers and president of the Agricultural Mutual Fire In- surance Company of Lancaster county ; is a director of the Shamokin & Mount Carmel Electric Railroad Company ; and treasurer of the Keystone Underwear Mills of Lititz, one of the important industrial enter- prises of the county being conducted by this concern, whose finely equipped plant is located in Lititz ; the business of the company has shown a most gratify- ing increase, and Mr. Erb devotes a considerable portion of his time to this establishment, having his office at the mills and exercising a general super- vision. He has been secretary of the Lititz board of health from the time of its organization. From this brief outline it may be seen that there are exacting demands on Mr. Erb's time and atten- tion, and yet, in the midst of the thronging cares and responsibilities of an exceptionally active business life, he maintains the calm equipoise of a self-reliant and forceful nature, being strongly initiative in his tendencies, sincere and truthful in all things, kindly and tolerant in his judgment of his fellow men, and entirely without ostentation. He is a distinct man, and one upon whose life there rests no shadow of wrong or suspicion of evil. He views all things from a direct vantage ground, placing a true valuation on men and matters, and having that poise and in- trinsic integrity which ever make for strong and useful manhood. The review of a career such as his bears its lesson and incentive, and the writer has aimed to give merely such an estimate of the char- acter of the subject as is drawn from the words and attitude of those who know him best, and who are thus most appreciative of his sterling manhood. In conclusion we touch briefly upon the domestic chapter in the life history of Mr. Erb. On Oct. 29, 1867, he was united in marriage to Miss Sarah B. Reist, who was born in Penn township, this county, June 16, 1846, daughter of John Reist, who was a prosperous and highly honored farmer of the coun- ty. Mr. and Mrs. Erb became the parents of five ^daughters : Emma, who is the wife of Martin G. Hess, cashier of the Keystone National Bank, of Manheim, Pa. ; Mary R., who is the wife of George M. Smith, president of the Shamokin & Mt. Carmel Electric Railway Company ; Katie, who died at the age of thirteen years ; and Minnie and Annie Laurie, who remain at the parental home, which is a center of gracious and refined hospitality, the family be- ing prominent in the social life of the city where Mr. Erb has maintained his residence for more than twenty years. ZACHARIAH BELL WILLIAMS (de- ceased). Among the prominent men of Lancaster county was Zachariah Bell Williams, a substantial and most highly respected farmer of Saclsbury township. The Williams family was established in Lan- caster county by three brothers of the name who emigrated from Scotland- One of these emigrants, Robert Williams, purchased a farm of 750 acres of land in Sadsbury township, from William Fish- bourne, a merchant of Philadelphia, who in turn had purchased it from William Penn. The deed bears date of 1740, and is a highly prized relic, being now a valued possession of Mrs. E. J. Knox, of Christiana, Pa. Its faded condition shows the onward march of time. The tract of land pur- chased was a fine one, and the 238 acres of it still held by a member of the family makes one of the fine farms Lancaster county is noted for. On it was at one time located the village of a part of the Shawnee Indians, and Indian graves have been found upon it in the past, as well as many Indian ■relics which to this day are successfully sought for by relic hunters. The stone quarry from which the Indians quarried the stone with which to make their household utensils and weapons used in war- fare and the chase,- was on the farm now owned by John M. Wilhams. The Williams homestead is beautifully located with a southern exposure, and with the Octoraro Creek running through it from north to south, furnishing at all seasons a never ending and bounding supply of water for farming purposes. Robert Williams married Grace Bell, of Bell Bank, Lancaster county, who bore him one child, John, who at the death of his parents inherited the farm now in the possession of his grandson, John M. Williams. John Williams, son of Robert WilHams, mar- ried Miss Anne Allison, a daughter of James and Margaret (Reed) Allison. James Allison was a soldier of the Revolution, and his wife a heroine of the same war. It is said of her that she carried a message to General Washington, going through the enemy's line on horseback with the message secreted in her shoe. During her husband's ab- sence in the war, her home was visited by British soldiers, who took most everything that they could make use of. Many of the things taken were the work of her own hands which she replaced in the course of time. To John and Anne Williams were born the following children: James, who never married, but made his home with his brother Zach- ariah B., until his death at the age of eighty-six BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 195 years; Margaret; Jemima; Robert; George; John (who married Rebecca Ubil) : Zachariah B., of this sketch; Christopher; and Mary, who married Thomas Bailey. John Williams remained on the farm engaged in agriculture until his death in .1858, at the age of ninety-four years. His wife had died several years previous to this. The family was one of unusual longevity. Zachariah B. Williams, the seventh child of John and Anne Williams was born in Sadsbury township Oct. 20, 1806. He was reared on the farm, and was given as good an education as the schools of the neighborhood afforded at that time. He remained on the farm until he was twenty-one years of age, when he entered into successful busi- ness enterprises on his own account; he was an extensive cattle dealer and was well known through- out the Western States. On May 6, 1847, in Phil- adelphia, he was united in marriage to Hannah Dolby, who was born near Churchtown Aug. 10, 1822, a daughter, of Isaac and Dorothy (Deitz) Dolby, of Caernarvon township. Nine children blessed the happy union of Zachariah B. Williams and his wife : John M., who owns and operates the home farm, purchased by him from his father's and Uncle James' estate ; Frances A., wife of Ed- ward J. Knox (son of David and Ann (Jacobs) Knox), whose biography appears elsewhere; Isaac T., a successful business man in Christiana, Pa., who married Rachel E. Fogle (daughter of John G. and Maria (Fawkes) Fogle, natives of Bart and Sadsbury townships, respectively), and has t'^'O sons, Taylor (a resident of Pittsburg, Pa.) and Zachariah J. (in business in Philadelphia) ; Mar- garet A., married to George Sigle (deceased), a farmer and tobacco dealer at Bird-in-Hand, and son of John Sigle ; Sarah J., who married S. Milton Hess (son of Daniel D. and Catherine (Lefevre) Hess, of Quarryville), of Quarryville, now of Phila- delphia, manufacturer of fertilizers, and has two sons, Walter Williams and Edgar Miles; George W., a graduate of Iron City Commercial College, of Pittsburg, and now a machinist in Philadelphia; James A., who died in infancy ; H. Mary, who mar- Tied Nathaniel Ellmaker (son of Alfred and Mary (Walker) Ellmaker), a farmer, and has two chil- ■dren, Hannah Alice and John Williams ; and Georg- iana, who died in infancy. Zachariah B. Williams was one of the solid and reliable men who give tone to a community. His industry and provident husbanding of means re- •sulted in the accumulation of a large estate which is now owned by his children. The farm in Sads- bury township comprises 238 acres of excellent land, and is one of the best farms in that locality. He was a man of high moral character, and was more than liberal in his benefactions to the cause of religion. In politics he was a Democrat, but did not aspire to political honors, being content with the duties and responsibilities of every day life, and interested in their honest performance. He lived all the years granted to him where he, as well as his father before him, was born, and where, after a long and well spent life, he died July 25, 1890, at the age of eighty- four years ; his widow survived him eleven years. She was a member of the Belle- vue Presbyterian Church, a woman of a quiet and retiring disposition, who devoted herself, in the quiet duties of home life, to her husband and her children. She died Feb. 14, 1901, while on a visit to her daughter, Mrs. S. Milton Hess, in Philadel- phia, at the age of seventy-nine years. She and her husband lie buried in the Bellevue cemetery. Gap, Pennsylvania. RUTTER. The original ancestor in America of the Rutter family was Thomas Rutter, who came to this country in the ship "Amity," one of the two ships that sailed with the "Welcome" in 1682. He settled in Germantown, Pa., where he was at first a Friend, but in 1697 he organized a society of Keithian Baptists in Bucks county, and became one of its preachers. In 1706 Thomas. Rutter succeeded Pastorius as chief magistrate in Germantown. In 1717 he pur- chased a large tract of land near Boyertown, where he erected an iron furnace. One of his descend- ants. Rev. L. C. Rutter, was for forty years pastor of the Chestnut Level Presbyterian Church. Others of the family reside in other localities in Lancaster county. ALEXANDER G. B. PARKE, M. D. Among the leading and prominent citizens of Gap, Pa., is Dr. Alexander G. B. Parke, who was born near Downingtown, Chester Co., Pa., Jan. 28, 1842, son of Richard B. and ElLouisa (Grier) Parke, the former of whom was born in Downingtown, and the latter in Brandywine Manor, also in Chester county. Richard B. Parke, father of Dr. Parke, was a farmer all his days in Chester county, where he was widely known and universally respected. He died in his old home Feb. 22, 1876, aged sixty-seven years. His widow survived until in April, 1900, dying at the age of eighty-two years. Both parents of Dr. Parke were valued members of the Presby- terian Church. They were the parents of the fol- lowing children : Dr. Alexander, of this sketch ; John G., a clerk in Philadelphia; T. Henry, in business in Philadelphia; Jane, who died at the age of six years ; Miss Agnes G., residing on the old homestead, where her mother was born and reared ; Jane R., unmarried, also residing on this old homestead; and Richard B., a resident of Downingtown. Dr. Parke comes of noted ancestry on both sides of the family. His paternal grandparents were Thomas and Elizabeth (Bowen) Parke, farming people of Chester county. His maternal grand- father was Rev. J. N. C. Grier, who married Agnes Ralston of Chester county. He was a clergyman in the Presbyterian Church and for fifty-three years 196 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY faithfully served the church at Brandywine Manor, to which his father had been attached in the same capacity for the twenty-seven previous years. Grandfather J. N. C. Grier was a son of Rev. Na- than and Susannah (Smith) Grier, of Chester coun- ty, who reared the following children besides J. N. C. : Rev. Robert, who also became distinguished in religious work and served the Presbyterian Church in Emmitsburg, for half a century; Martha, who married Rev. Samuel Parke, also a Presbyterian minister; Nancy, who married Rev. Robert White, who for many years was the beloved pastor of Old Faggs Manor Church; and Sarah, who mar- ried Dr. Robert Thompson. Small wonder it is that a family of this kind should have exerted a wide influence and still be remembered and honored. Dr. Parke, of this sketch, was reared on the farm and attended the district schools of West Brandywine township, remaining with his parents until he had reached his nineteenth year. He then began his medical studies with Dr. A. K. Gaston, in Chester county, near Brandywine Manor, con- tinuing his readings for two years and then, in order to make his college expenses, began to teach school. Still keeping up his medical course, the young man taught school for some three years, en- tering Jefferson Medical College for the season of 1864-5. Ii^ the fall of the latter year he entered the Medical Department of the University of Penn- sylvania, graduating from this noted institution in 1866. He first located for practice in South Her- mitage, Salisbury township, Lancaster county, remaining there for three years. In 1869 he located in Gap, Pa., and since then has not only been one of the reliable and valued physicians of this part of the county, but also one of the town's most progressive and useful citizens. In politics, Dr. Parke is a stanch Republican, but he has never consented to hold ofHce, his professional duties re- quiring his whole time and attention. His skill as a surgeon and his thorough knowledge as a physician have made him known over a wide extent, and until within late years he has faithfully minister- ed to all who required his professional services. He now has retired from the more onerous duties of his calling, but his old patients are loath to put their confidence in any one else. Fraternally, Dr. Parke belongs to the Blue Lodge of Masons. He is a leading member and a liberal supporter of of the Christiana Presbyterian Church. On March 7, 1867, Dr. Parke was united in marriage in Pequea, Salisbury township, to Mary L. Black, born in December, 1836, in Salisbury township, daughter of Samuel and Agnes (Rob- inson) Black, the former of whom was born in County Antrim, Ireland, and the latter in Salisbury township. Mr. Black came to America in 1798, and first settled in Leacock township, near Bird- in-Hand, later moving to Salisbury township ■where he became a well-known and highly re- spected farmer and prominent citizen. In his younger days he was employed in teaming be- tween Philadelphia and Pittsburg. Although he was entirely self-made, Mr. Black at the time of his death was a man of substance, owning a mill and considerable land, and was highly regarded by his fellow-citizens. For a period he was supervisor of his township. His death occurred Sept. 18, i860, when he was aged eighty-one years. His widow survived until Dec. 31, 1877, dying at the age of eighty-one years, and both were laid to rest in the Pequea cemetery. They had been most worthy mem- bers of the Presbyterian Church. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Black were as follows : Hugh W,,. formerly a merchant in Philadelphia, now an invalid ; Samuel B., was a stockraiser in Georgia, where he died ; Miss Jane E., who resides in Gap, Pa. ; John R., in the real estate business in Wayne, Pa. ; Martha. A., who died unmarried, at the age of sixty-two years ; Margaret E., deceased, who married William P. Gait ; Mary L., who became Mrs. Dr. Parke ; and Miss Sarah, who resides in Gap. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Parke were Samuel and Jane (Baxter) Black, farming people of Ireland. The maternal grandparents were Hugh and Jane (Wil- son) Robinson, the former of Ireland, the latter of Chester county; they located in Lancaster county many years ago. The children born to Dr. and Mrs. Parke were: Agnes ElLouisa, born Dec. 8, 1868,. died Sept. 7, 1888; and Martha Jane, born Dec. i,. 1870, who was married Oct. 20, 1892, to Pear- son P. Sentman, attorney-at-law, who died in 1900, and she now resides in Gap. The Parke family and its connections have long been regarded as one of the most highly respected in this section of the State. Dr. Parke of this sketch is a most worthy representative, personally commanding the affection and esteem of a very large acquaintance. THOMAS PORTER, who was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1776, was born about 1740, and resided in Drumore township, Lan- caster county. He was elected a representative to> the Provincial Assembly of 1775. He commanded a Battalion of Associators during the Revolutionary- War, and was engaged in the Campaign in New Jer- sev and around Philadelphia. He died at his resi- dence in Drumore township in 1795. His daughter,. Janet, married JohnSmilie, who with Albert Galla- tin represented for many years the western section; of Pennsylvania in the United States Congress. JOHN L. ROHRER. Among the many honor- able names which have reflected credit upon Lan- caster county, that of Rohrer takes a leading posi- tion, and through intermarriages the family is con- nected with many of the other equally old and hon- orable families, these owning much of the land and being identified with religious, financial and educa- tional interests to a great degree. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 197 John L. Rohrer is a most worthy representative ■of this respected family and now Uves in retirement, havmg shifted the burdens of agricultural life to the shoulders of his very efficient son. The birth of Mr. Rohrer was on a farm in Upper Leacock township, adjoining that on which he now resides, on Nov. 25, 1836, and he was a son of Benjamin and Mary (Landis) Rohrer, the former of whom was born on the old Rohrer farm, and the latter in East Lampeter township. Until 1868 Benjamin Rohrer carried on large operations, but at that time he moved into the town of Mechanicsburg, where he lived for a few years but later removed to Lancaster where he lived ■until within a few days of his death. He had re- turned to his farm, and here the final summons came, on Nov. 15, 1893, at the advanced age of •eighty-nine years. His wife passed away many years previously, in 1865, at the age of fifty-one, and both lie asleep on the old Rohrer farm. For many years Benjamin Rohrer was a director of the Lan- caster County Bank, and was prominently connected with many public measures which were beneficial to his county. The children born to Benjamin Rohrer and wife were : Hettie, who married Jacob F. Eaby, a farmer of Leacock township ; John L., a farmer on the old homestead; Maria and Anna, twins, the former of whom married David Frantz, a miller of Millersville, and the latter of whom married John Brubaker; Samuel, who died young ; Lizzie, who married John M. Landis of East Lampeter township ; Michael L., a farmer of Upper Leacock township; Jacob, a re- tired farmer of Palmyra, Mo., and Sarah, who mar- ried John Leman, a farmer of Manheim township. The parents of Benjamin Rohrer were John and Hettie (Wenger) Rohrer, the former of whom was torn in East Lampeter township, and the latter in West Earl township, and both of them died on the farm now owned by their grandson, John L. Rohrer. John L. Rohrer attended the district school dur- ing his boyhood and assisted in the various light duties about his father's farm, remaining at home un- til he had attained his majority and married, when he removed 10 his preset farm where he has re- mained, actitvely engaged in agricultural pursuits until in the spring of 1880, at which time he retired in favor of his very capable son. The first marriage of Mr. Rohrer was in Lancas- ter in Nov. 1858, to Elizabeth Sechrist, and the chil- dren born to this marriage were: (i) Benjamin S., ■who married in December, 1880 Mary Landis, and they have four children — Harry, John, Peter and Landis ; (2) Hettie Ann, who died at the age of sev- enteen years. Mrs. Rohrer was a daughter of Chris- tain and Hettie (Landis) Sechrist, and she died on June 9, 1882, at the age of forty-two. The second marriage of Mr. Rohrer was to Fianna Hoover, who was born near Lititz, Pa., and was a daughter of Abraham and Martha (Hess) Hoover, of Lancaster county. No children were born of this marriage. Mr. Rohrer is an Independent in politics, voting as his judgment decides. He and his family have long been active in the Mennonite Church, where no one is more highly esteemed. Mr. Rohrer is one of the quiet, unostentatious residents of the neighbor- hood, who is known far and wide as a most excellent neighbor, a reliable friend, an honest man in business and a ditizen whom Lancaster county is proud to claim. CASPER HILLER, who had been' one of the leading agriculturists and pomologists of Lancaster county, died Aug. 27, 1898, at his home in Cone- stoga Centre. He was born in Manor township in 1817, and in 1828 removed to Conestoga township, where he resided during the remainder of his life. In 1837 he became a school teacher in Conestoga, and continued such until in 1849. His interest in behalf of the schools of Conestoga township caused the people of that locality to elect him to the board of school directors on a number of occasions. In 1849 he started a small nursery in order to accom- modate the people in his neighborhood, but after- ward began the cultivation of fruit for the profits derived therefrom, and he achieved well merited success. His son Peter C. Hiller was taken into partnership in 1869. Casper Hiller was one of the founders of the Lancaster County Agricultural So- ciety, and also a member of the State Horticultural Society. He was a Republican, and for a number of years had been a justice of the peace in his town- ship. His wife was Miss Mary Ann Daily, to whom he was married in 1847, she dying several years prior to him. Casper Hiller wrote a number of valuable papers on the growing of fruit, which he read before the Lancaster County Agricultural Society, and many of them were printed in the daily papers. Peter C. Hiller, son of Casper Hiller, and who was in partnership with his father, died on June 22, 1898. He was a well known farmer. He also was a Republican, and for some years was engaged in teaching school. He had also been a justice of the peace and was for some time a clerk in the revenue department at Lancaster. Mr. Hiller's favorite study was local archaeology, and he amassed a large collection of stone implements, pottery and beads from all sections of Lancaster county, particularly, however, from the islands in the Susquehanna. JOHN A. SNYDER, deceased. The accidental death of John A. Snyder, one of the well-known and highly respected citizens of Mt. Joy, on Nov. 22, 1881, brought sorrow to a large circle of friends and acquaintances, and the universal comment was that the community had been deprived of one of its most esteemed inhabitants. Mr. Snyder was born in Petersburg, Lancaster county, in June, 1827, a son of John and Catharine (Rich) Snyder. The family is of German descent, and the name was originally spelled Schneider. The paternal grand- 198 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY parents of Mr. Snyder were Casper and Susanna (Kornhaus) Snyder, the latter a daughter of the owner of the Kornhaus ferry above Bainbridge, af- terward changed to Collins. The earliest ancestors of the Rich family of whom we have record was Johannes Reiych, which An- glicized became John Rich. He was born in 1740, in Nuremburg, Bavaria, Germany, and was de- scribed as a type of manly beauty, tall and erect, with black hair and blue eyes, and with a character that well fitted his pleasing exterior. On June 6, 1781, he married Mary S, Entzingerin, who was born in 1750, and died in 1784, leaving two sons, John, Jr., and William. In- July, 1789, Mr. Rich married Anna Margaret Lutz, who was born in September, 1768, and died in 1846, one day before her seventy-eighth birthday. Four children of this second marriage survived their father, who passed away in 1807. They were as follows: Christian, who died in 1844, aged forty-eight years ; Catharine, mother of John A. Snyder ; Henry, whose death oc- curred in 1845, aged forty-four years; and Jacob, who died in 1843, when nearly forty years of age. John Rich, the father of these children, spent three years of his early life in England, acquiring an education. At the time he left Europe, he was in England attending to business for his father, dis- posing of watches and wares, of which his father was manufacturer, in Nuremburg. He had a strong desire to see America and meeting a captain of a vessel about to sail, he expressed his desire, but said that he had not sufficient funds independent of his father's. The captain offered to take him across and bring him back on his return trip, free, which he accepted, firmly confident that his father would cheerfully defray all his expenses if he returned safely. The ship named "Morning Star," Capt. George Dempster, landed at Baltimore some time in the fall of 1773. After landing, contrary to his expectations, his passage money was demanded. A stranger in a strange land, without money or friends to assist, he was, according to the laws of the country at that time, sold into service for pay- ment of the amount due for his passage. He said the implements with which he labored while in servitude were often stained with blood from his hands which had never been accustomed to hard work. Before his time of service (four years) had expired, the Revolutionary war broke out, and he never returned to Europe. After he gained his lib- erty he engaged in teaching and as a general scribe. John Snyder, father of John A., was for many years an excellent and highly respected machinist and blacksmith in the locality of Mt. Joy. On Sept. 2, 1819, he married Catharine Rich, who died in February, 1882, aged eighty-three years. He died some time before, in July, 1869. The children born of this marriage were : Simon R., who died in May, i860, aged thirty-nine years ; Ann C, who married Daniel B. Lindemuth, and died in Ohio in December, 1898, aged seventy-six years; Mary A., who died unmarried in 1852, aged twenty-seven; John A. ; Catharine L., the only survivor, who re- sides in her own home in Mt. Joy; and Emma S., who died in June, 1886, aged fifty-four years. Although through his youth John A. Snyder was never in very robust health, he went regularly to the district schools and the Mt. Joy Academy until he was eighteen years old. At that time he as- sisted his father in the manufacture of farming im- plements and remained with him in business until 1852, when he and his brother Simon took entire charge of it, this association continuing until the death of the latter, in May, i860; afterwards John A. continued in the business alone until 1869. In the intermediate time he purchased a farm and mill property, in which business he continued until his untimely death. Mr. Snyder was killed while at work back of his home, Nov. 22, 1881. In endeav- oring to cross the tracks of the Pennsylvania Rail- road Company, he was run down by a train, result- ing in instant death, and he was buried in the Mt. Joy cemetery. During his younger years he was active in the Republican party; and he was a con- sistent member of the Reformed Mennonite church. On Feb. i, 1857, in Franklin county, Pa., John A. Snyder was married to Elizabeth Ryder, the estimable daughter of Michael Ryder. To this union were born : Simon R., who married Sarah A. Baus- man on Nov. 10, 1881, had one son, Frank B., and resides on the old homestead, in Mt. Joy township, engaged in farming and conducting the mill ; Mary C, who died at the age of three years and six months ; John M., a shoe merchant of Roanoke, Va., who married H. Gladys Greiner, Jan. 22, 1891, and had two sons, John Abner and Julian Ralph ; Anna E., a young lady at home ; and Franklin R., who died a lad of twelve and one-half years. Mrs. Elizabeth (Ryder) Snyder was born in Path Valley, Franklin Co., Pa., AUg. 11, 1828, a daughter of Michael and Mary (Ryder) Ryder, who were cousins, of Lancaster and Franklin counties, respectively. During his earlier life, Mr. Ryder was a carpenter, but later adopted farming, and moved to Franklin county. His death occurred April 2, 1 89 1, at the unusual age of ninety-two years and eleven months. The beloved mother had also lived to a good old age, her death occurring Sept. 14, in the previous year, at the age of eighty- six, and they were reverently buried near Mercers- burg; both of them were for many years consistent members of the Reformed Mennonite Church. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Ryder were : Joseph, who died in Franklin county ; Elizabeth ; Mary A., who married Dr. Benjamin Frantz, in Waynesboro; Adam, a farmer of Franklin county; John A., a farmer of Franklin county ; Anna, who married Job Ellotson, a florist in Auburn, N. Y. ; Michael, a farmer of Franklin county; and Catharine, unmar- ried, who resides on the old homestead in Loudon, Franklin county. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. John A. Sny- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 199 der were Michael and Salome (Wertz) Ryder, of Donegal township, in Lancaster county, and of Ad- ams county, who died near Elizabethtown. The maternal grandparents were Adam and Elizabeth (Longenecker) Ryder, both of Lancaster county. Mrs. John A. Snyder has lived many years in this community and has seen much of its 'growth and development. She is a lady of intelligence, who is well and favorably known through the neighborhood and is most highly esteemed by all who have been admitted to her acquaintance. STEPHEN S. CLAIR. The family of this dis- tmguished citizen of Columbia, who at present (1903) holds the position of United States Deputy Collector of Internal Revenue for the Ninth Dis- trict of Pennsylvania, is of Swiss origin, three broth- ers having emigrated from Switzerland to America at a comparatively early day, two of whom settled in Lancaster county. The original spelling of the patronymic was Klahr, meaning clear, of which name Clair is an Anglicized corruption. His pater- nal grandfather, who married a Miss Grissinger, was Jacob Clair, a carpet weaver and a local preacher in the United Brethren denomination. He died in Rapho township. Mr. Clair's father was named Jacob C. He was a prominent citizen, the major of a regiment, and held various offices in the township of West Hempfield. He was a building contractor and carried on an extensive business. Born Nov. 14, 1814, within four miles of Columbia, where he settled in 1869, he died in Oct., 1886, one month before reaching the age of seventy-two. His wife, Mr. Clair's mother, was Sarah Sneath, for an account of whose family the reader is referred to the biographical sketch of Jacob Sneath, which may be found on another page. She died in Oct., 1852. Stephen S. Clair was born in the paternal home- stead on May 12, 1838. He was the eldest of a family of three brothers, the others being named Jacob S. and Benjamin Franklin. Both were car- penters, and both are deceased, the elder dying in Mountville in 1876, and the younger at Columbia in 1899. Stephen grew up upon his father's farm, and when fifteen years old went to Silver Spring to become a clerk in a country store. He remained there in that capacity for three years, when he re- solved to learn the trade of a carpenter, his pre- dilection for that pursuit being, no doubt, heredi- tary. He duly served his apprenticeship, but the outbreak of the Rebellion stirred his youthful heart and put fire into his patriotic soul, and in Sept., 1861, he enlisted for three years in the 79th P. V. I., his company's commanding officer being Capt. M. S. Wickersham. In February, 1864, he re-enlisted. His career as a soldier was one of which both he and his children may feel justly proud. In March, 1865, he received a commission as second lieutenant, and on July 20 following, he received his discharge at Philadelphia. He participated in the battles of Per- ryville and Stone River, in Kentucky, passed through the Chickamauga campaign, and fought at Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge. He also took part in the campaign against Atlanta, and marched with Sherman to the sea. At Bentonville, N. C, on March 19, 1865, a minie rifle ball (which he has in his possession) wounded him in the left side, breaking two ribs. Notwithstanding his injury, he remained with his regiment and accompanied 'the command to Goldsboro, N. C, being forced, however, to ride a horse, his wound preventing his marching. He was present at Johnston's surrender, and then ac- companied his regiment to Alexandria, Virginia. After being discharged from the service, he found his way to Mountville, where for a time he worked as a journeyman at his trade, with a cousin, Jacob Sneath. In 1866 he ■ formed a partnership with W. H. Hougendobler to carry on the business of contractors and builders. The firm was dissolved in June, 1869, when Mr. Clair entered the United States Internal Revenue office as an assistant to the assessor. The latter office being abolished in 1872, he was made deputy collector, the responsible duties of which office he continued to discharge, with marked ability and fidelity, until Jan. i, 1876. On that date he resigned his position to enter upon a new field of duty, that of clerk of the quarter ses- sions court, to which office he had been elected in the fall of 1875, ^iid which he filled for three years. In. 1880 the Pennsylvania Railroad Company appointed him its ticket and freight agent at Middletown. In 1889 he resigned this position, to re-enter the In- ternal Revenue office, serving as chief deputy under Sam Matt. Fridy until August, 1894. He was ap- pointed Deputy Collector, in May, 1899, which office he still holds. Mr. Clair is a member of the G. A. R. and of the Masonic Order, wearing the maltese cross of a Knight Templar. He is universally esteemed and generally popular, while in his own large circle of friends he is deeply beloved. Mr. Clair was married, in 1866, at Mountville, to Miss Susan B. Develin. She was born in that town in Aug., 1840, and was the daughter of John and Susan Develin, her father being a merchant. The issue of this marriage was two children : Sarah A. and Abraham Lincoln. The daughter is the wife of M. L. Holloway, a druggist of Philadelphia. The son is a machinist, unmarried, and lives with his father. Mrs. Clair died Feb. 2, 1899, and was buried in Bethel cemetery, Columbia. GEORGE GIBSON. Tradition asserts that long before Lancaster was laid out by James Hamilton, Esq., of Philadelphia, in 1729, the site was oc- cupied by an Indian village, and that the town was known as "Hickory Town." The locality was also known as "Gibson's Pasture." The name "Hickory Town" had been given the place from a large hickory tree which stood near the public high- way, and which was a favorite one with the Indians. George Gibson kept a tavern on the site long before 200 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Hamilton laid out the town, and on his sign was painted a hickory tree. Records state that "a swamp lay in front of Gibson's," and "another one some distance north." The site of Gibson's tavern was on East King street, where the First National Bank now stands. At the time of the laying out of Lan- caster there were a half dozen or more houses scat- terd around Gibson's tavern, and in 1734 the place had 200 people living in it. J. FREDERICK SENER, president of the Northern National Bank, of Lancaster, and senior member of the extensive coal and lumber firm of G. Sener & Sons, comes of a very old settled ancestry in this section of the country. Through the courtesy of S. M. Sener, a member of the Lancaster Bar, and a lineal descendant of Gottlieb Soehner, who came to America in 1749, we are enabled to glean the following from the Soehner family history, compiled, published and copyrighted by S. M. Sener, and dedicated to his uncle, John Fick Sehner, now — December, 1902 — in his seventy- seventh year, who is also a direct descendant of the old Austrian progenitor through Wolfgang, Hans, Matthew, Gottlieb (i), Johannes, and John Sehner and wife, Ann Maria Fick: "The name was orig- inally written Sehner, but in Germany, during the period from 1715 to 1750, it was changed to Soehner, and in this country is variously written Sehner and Sener, Gottlieb, who came over from Germany in 1749, and who was the ancestor in this country, writing it Soehner. The name is derived from the old German Sinthar, meaning a man noted for war, and was chosen by the original ancestor who received a wappen, or coat of arms. The family originated in Austria, somewhere near Salzburg, in the thirteenth century, and was, as a sequence. Catholic. The an- cestor living in Austria at the time of the Reforma- tion became Evangelistic, and he and his second son, Wolfgang Sehner, left Austria on account of relig- ious persecution, and located at Steppach about 1570, where Wolfgang became 'Schultheiss and Ahnwalt ;' his descendants afterwards located at Schwaigern, in Wurtemberg. The first son, whose Christian name is unknown, remained a Catholic, and located near Heilbronn, where a Catholic branch of the family is at present located. The wappen of the family is recorded in the 'Grosse Wappensam- lung, of Antonio Bonacina, in Mailand, in Volume II, Folio 229,' the 'stamvater' being described as of 'ein burgerliches Geschlect in Frankischen.' " The shield of the wappen, or coat of arms, is divided per pale, the right field being red with a silver mailed arm bearing a sword, signifying high-mindedness ; the left field blue with a golden lion holding sword, surmounted by a golden crowned helmet capped with two horns, signifying "Sparsamkeit und Kuhn- heit," "Prudence and Bravery." Wolfgang Sehner had one son, Hans Sehner, who located in .Schwaigern, Wurtemberg, where de- scendants still reside. Hans Sehner was married Feb. 13, 1653, to Elizabeth Trommeter, born Nov. 23, 1628, who died March 16, 1697. Hans Sehner died May 9, 1696, aged about seventy years. He had six children : Maria Catharine, Matthew, Anna Dorathea, Hans, Wolfgang and Johannes. Matthew, son of Hans, born May 24, 1660, died June 16, 1744, was married three times, to Cordelia Elizabeth Lederer, Anna Catharine Dieter and Bar- bara Sybilla Shuster, respectively. His children by his first wife were : Maria Catharine, Hans Michael and Cordula Elizabeth. By the second wife : Hans Dieter, Christian, Johannes and Matthew. By the third wife: John Christopher, Maria Sybilla, John George, and Gottlieb — the first of the family in America. Gottlieb, who wrote his name Soehner, was the thirteenth child of Matthew, and was born at Schwai- gern April 7, 1 72 1. He became a house carpenter and joiner, and when twenty-eight years old, five years after his father's death, came to America on the ship "Fane," landing at Philadelphia Oct. 17, 1749. He located in Lancaster, where he purchased land, and was married Sept. 18, 1750, to Maria Bar- bara Klein. The exact date of Gottlieb Soehner's death is not known, but he died sometime between September, 1779, and May, 1780. Godlieb Sener, third of that name, and father of J. Frederick Sener, was born in Lancaster, Pa., April 23, 1800, second son and child of Johannes Sener and wife Catharine, born Rung, John Sener (1798- 1864) being the first born ; both were grandsons of Gottlieb Soehner and his wife Maria Barbara, born Klein. Godlieb Sener died Jan. 11, 1877. He was married Aug. 12, 1826, to Rebecca Zahm, a descend- ant of the Godfried Zahm (Zoham) who came to America on the ship "Patience and Margaret," land- ing in Philadelphia Sept. 25, 1848, and settling in Lancaster, Pa. Their children were : Cecilia Re- becca married Joseph R. Godell ; Elizabeth Cath- arine married J. P. Stormfeltz ; J. Frederick is men- tioned below ; Henry M., who died Feb. 23, i884,was married to Mary Bonine ; Mary Louisa married Rev. J. W. Rumple; William Z. married (first) Sarah L. Atlee, and (second) Anna Yeisley; and Edward A. died single. The father of this family died in 1877, but the business carried on by him has been contin- ued to this day under the firm name of G. Sener & Sons. Jacob and Frederick Sener, younger broth- ers of Godlieb Sener, were first in the business about 1830, and, retiring, were succeeded by Godlieb in 1848. Catharine, sister of Godlieb Sener, became the wife of Christopher Hager, and Eliza, a younger sister, was married to Samuel Miller. J. Frederick Sener was born April 2, 1833, in the old homestead on North Prince street, Lancas- ter, where at that time his father carried on the mak- ing of edge-tools. He received his education in the public schools of the place of his birth, and at the age of fifteen years commenced to work in his fa- ther's lumber yard. When twenty-one his father took him into partnership in the coal and lumber S-^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 201 business, but later he removed to Ephrata, this coun- ty, where, in company with his brother, WilHam Z., he established a lumber and coal business. There he remained about one year, and then passed six months m New York, establishing a coal yard there for Joseph R. Goodell. Returning to Lancaster, Mr. Sener commenced devoting all his energies to the development of the business greatly enlarged by his father, and in which he was a partner, and has continued in same ever since, being associated with his brother William Z., and his son Frank Keller Sener. The brothers, J. Frederick and W. Z., are the owners of the well-known lumber and coal yards. Mr. Sener was one of the promoters and original directors of the Northern Market, and has been in- terested in all the market houses of Lancaster ex- cept the Central, which is controlled by the city. He is also interested in the Hamilton Watch Factory, the Non-Retailing Company, the Edison Electric Light Company, and the Lancaster Gas Company — indeed, there have been but few public enterprises in his locality, during the last quarter of a century, in which he has not been interested, for he is as lib- eral with his purse as he is with his ideas, both so- cial and business. Mr. Sener has been twice married, first to Miss Kate J. Hamilton. One child was born of this union, Charles M., who died in 1869. By his second wife, Elizabeth H. (born Keller), he has two children: (i) Franklin Keller Sener, who is associated with his father in the coal and lumber business, married Miss Louisa (King) Rathfon, by whom he has one son, John Frederick, born Oct. 24, 1895. (2) Rose Alma was married Oct. 31, 1900, to B. Grant Staufifer. In religious faith Mr. Sener is a Lutheran and a member of Grace Lutheran Church, and has been a trustee thereof ever since that church has had trustees. In addition to being a con- stant and liberal supporter of the church he has presented it with two large, rich-toned bells. So- cially he is now affiliated with only the Blue Lodge, F. & A. M., having withdrawn from the other Ma- sonic orders. Outside of his varied and responsible business afifairs, Mr. Sener devotes his time to the enjoyment of home life in his beautiful rural retreat, "Ermosa ^''ista," located on the Lititz turnpike, aiid acknowl- edged to be one of the most delightful suburban homes among the many surrounding the fair city of Lancaster. GEORGE WINFIELD REICH, M. D., de- ceased, of late one of the most eminent physicians of the borough of Marietta, was born in East Done- gal township, Lancaster county, Pa., Jan. 8, 1844, and died at his home in Marietta June 3, 1899, where his mortal remains now rest in peace. The parents of George W. Reich, M. D., were Dr. George and Mary (Long) Reich. The former had a very large practice as a physician and was also a local preacher in the Evangelical church. He erected a meeting house on his estate for the con- venience of his congregation, the use of which was allowed free of charge, and after his death this privi- lege was permitted by his family, until 1899, when his executors disposed of it by sale. In the ceme- tery attached to this meeting-house in Conoy town- ship, and known as the Reich cemetery, the remains of himself and wife were solemnly interred, their loss being mourned by the entire community in the township. The children born to Dr. George Reich and wife were seven in number, and were as follows : Mary, widow of Daniel Bross, of Rowenna, Pa. ; Herman, unmarried, and living on the old home- stead; Elizabeth, widow of John Bowman of Mt. Joy ; Anna, deceased wife of Eli Heisey ; Dr. George W. ; Benjamin, a deceased physician of York; and_ Miss Sally, still residing on the home farm. •In Marietta, Dr. George W. Reich was united in matrimony with Miss Ella C. Roth, the accom- plished daughter of Jacob and Margaret (Messer- smith) Roth, natives, respectively, of Lancaster and Marietta, and to this union were born five children, viz. : Dr. George R., of whom mention will be made elsewhere; Albert M., deceased; and Jay M., Marguerite and Mary Helen, still at home. Jacob Roth was a lumber inspector, and was a gentleman of considerable influence in his community. He died deeply mourned in 1884, at the age of seventy- six years, in the faith of the Presbyterian church, but had lost his wife in 1880, at the age of fifty-four. Their children were five in number, and were : Al- bert, who died in Memphis, Tenn., while serving in the army ; Helen, who died when two years old ; John, president of the State Savings Bank at Fair- field, Iowa; Milton, a dry goods merchant of the same city; and Ella C, widow of Dr. George W. Reich. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Dr. Reicfi were John and Catherine Roth, the former of whom was a master cooper ; her maternal grandparents wer Philip and Catherine' (Ober) Messersmith, na- tives of Germany and early settlers in Lancaster county. Her great-grandfather, Johann N. Mes- sersmith, was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, Oct. 26, 1719, came to America Oct. .20, 1744, married Maria D. Reitzell Sept. 13, 1762, took part in the war of the Revolution, and died in Lancaster. Dr. George W. Reich was prepared for the prac- tice of medicine by his father, later took a course in the Homeopathic College in New York City, and on graduating entered upon the practice of his pro- fession in Marietta in 1865, where he met with phenomenal success. As a citizen he took an intense interest in the affairs of the borough. Although born on a farm he taught school in his home district in East Donegal township for three terms, when but sixteen years old, and for several terms was a school director in Marietta. He also served as a member of the Marietta Boro Council, for two years just before his death, and had been elected for a third 202 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY term, and was president of that body at least one term. At the time of his demise he was president of the Marietta Gravity Water Co., president of the Marietta Manufacturing Co., and president of the Marietta Building and Loan Association, and his interest in the promotion of the prosperity of the borough was untiring and unceasing. Fraternally he was a member of Askara Lodge, No. 398, F. & A. M., and represented it in the Grand Lodge ; he was also a member of East Donegal Lodge, No. 129, I. O. O. F. ; of Opessah Tribe, No. 292, I. O. R. M., of which he was a trustee; of Wa- terford Council, No. 72, O. U. A. M ; and treasurer of the Pioneer Fire Co. He was a member of the Episcopal church, and in politics was a Republican. The Doctor was renowned for his charity, and no .better man ever lived. PETER ECKERT SLAYMAKER, president of the Peoples National Bank, and of the Peoples Trust, Savings & Deposit Co., is one of -the best known financiers in this section of the State. The Slaymakers were among the early settlers of the State, and representatives in each generation have been influential citizens. The name William Mathias has passed through six generations, the great-great- grandfather, great-grandfather, grandfather, father and brother of our subject having borne this name, and all of them were residents of Lancaster county. Mathias Slaymaker (originally in German Schleiermacher), the ancestor of the family in this county, was a native of Strasburg, Germany, and emigrated to this country about the year 1710. He and his family settled on a tract of land containing about 1000 acres known as the "London Lands," situated in Strasburg, now Paradise township, and built a log house or cabin close to a large spring, near the residence of the late William Eckert in said Paradise township, a portion of the original 1000 acres being still in the family. William Mathias Slaymaker, father of our sub- ject, became one of the well-known and honored citizens in the county. As prothonotary he made a record of which his .family may well be proud. He died Sept. 21, 1888. In 1848, he married Catherine Mary Eckert, daughter of Peter J. Eckert, a farmer and a representative of another old and influential family of Lancaster county. She died in 1875. Four- teen children were born of this union of whom the following survive: Elizabeth E., wife of J. P. Mc- Ilvain, a farmer of Bel'lemonte ; Peter Eckert, whose name appears at the beginning of this article ; Caro- line Augusta ; Laura Georgia ; Edith lola, wife of Joseph B. Kinzer ; and Margaret. Of those de- ceased, William Mathias, who was secretary and treasurer of the Peoples Trust, Savings & Deposit Co., died March 3. 1902. Peter Eckert Slaymaker was born in Williams- town, Paradise township, Feb. 3, 1853. His father and mother were early taken away, and he became the head of the family, caring for his younger brother and sisters with a wisdom beyond his years. As a lad he attended the public school and a private school taught by the Rev. McNair, a Presbyterian clergyman, at Rising Sun, Salisbury township, Lan- caster county. For a time he was in the Lancaster public schools, and finished his schooling in the Parkesburg Academy. All his Hfe he has been a student, and is a broad-minded and progressive man. His first employment was in Hager Brothers' Dry Goods Store as an errand boy, and then as clerk to his father in the office of the prothonotary, serving not only his father, but his successors, Lewis S. Hartman, Elias McMellen, Sam Matt. Fridy and John D. Skiles. The young man resigned during the term of this last namecl^ gentleman to accept a position as clerk in the Farmers National Bank at Lancaster. Though urged by many of his friends to become a candidate for the office of prothonotary, he uniformly declined, preferring the private walks of life. Mr. Slaymaker became cashier of the Peo- ples National Bank in 1887, next becoming its president, and also secretary of the Peoples Trust Savings and Deposit Company, soon becoming the president of this latter corporation. In the summer ■of igoo the Court named him as one of the trustees of the Home for Indigent Women, provided for by the will of the late Catherine Long, who left a legacy of $350,000 for this object, to be called "The Henry G. Long Asylum," and as this position of honor and trust is held for life, the appointment of Mr. Slay- maker as a trustee was a handsome compliment to his integrity and worth. Mr. Slaymaker has been secretary and treasurer of the First Presbyterian Church since 1891, succeeding Maj. C. M. Howell, and his membership in the Church extends back to 1875. He has always been active in its affairs. He is treasurer also of the Conestoga Building and Loan Association, director in the Lancaster County Rail- way and Light Co., and president of the Road Driv- ers' Association of Lancaster. Perhaps no man of his years has held more positions of trust and re- sponsibility, and certainly no man has discharged the duties of public and private life more faithfully and conscientiously. REV. S- Z. WITMER, a general farmer and a minister in the German Baptist Church, is one of the well-known and most highly esteemed residents of Mt. Joy township. This township was his place of birth, Nov. 15, i860, a son of John, and a brother of D. Z. Witmer, of EHzabethtown. Rev. Mr. Witmer was reared on the home farm and obtained his education in the excellent schools of his district. He assisted his father on the farm until he was twenty-one years of age and then moved into EHzabethtown, there beginning housekeeping and gaining a livlihood by working at anything which promised to be of profit. On March 10, 1885, he located on his present fine farm consisting of 128 acres and has become known as one of the careful BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 203 and successful farmers of this locality. Mr. Wit- mer has long been a consistent member of the Ger- man Baptist Church, and June lo, 1890, he_was elected deacon and Oct. 10, 1894, was made a min- ister in its service. He is earnest and zealous and has had the satisfaction of seeing much of his faith- ful service approved. Formerly he belonged to the Republican party. On Jan. i, 1882, Rev. Mr. Witmer, in Master- sonville, Rapho township, married Miss Mary Gib- ble, and two daughters have been born to this union, namely, Ada G. and Fanny G. Mrs. Witmer was born Jan. 4, 1862, in Rapho township, daughter of John M. and Lizzie (Hoffman) Gibble, the former of whom was a farmer in Rapho township; the latter after the death of her first husband, married Daniel Witmer and now resides in Elizabethtown. John M. Gibble, deceased, was born in Rapho township, son of Samuel and Hettie (Markey) Gib- ble, the former a native of Berks county and the latter of Lancaster, both of whom died in Lancas- ter. Their children were: John M., the father of Mrs. Witmer ; Isaac, a preacher in California ; Sarah, the widow of Samuel Garber, of Hanover, Pennsyl- vania. John M. Gibble was married in Lancaster to Miss Lizzie Hoffman and their children were : Em- ma, wife of Eli Young, who conducts a butchering business in Petersburg, Pa. ; Kate, deceased wife of Eli Brubaker ; and Mary, who married Rev. Samuel Zook Witmer. Mr. Gibble died Jan. 17, 1864, at the age of thirty-one years. Mrs. Lizzie (Hoffman) (Gibble) Witmer was born in Rapho township, daughter of Jacob and Catherine (Kiser) Hoffman, of Lancaster county, and their children were : John and Jacob, deceased ; Catherine, who married Levi Gulp and resides in Milton Grove; Nancy, widow of Christian Wolge- muth, of Elizabethtown ; Isaac, who lives in Dauphin county ; and Lizzie, the mother of Mrs. Witmer. Mrs. Gibble married (second) Daniel Witmer and one child was born to this union, Ella, who mar- ried George Brenneman, of Elizabethtown. At the time of his death, which occurred in March, 1896, Daniel Witmer was a retired farmer living in Eliza- bethtown. These families all belong to fine old Penn- sylvania stock which has been known and respected in Lancaster county for generations. CHRISTIAN B. ESBENSHADE, one of the leading and representative citizens of Manheim town- ship, resides on his farm a mile to the northeast of the city of Lancaster. He was born on the old homestead in Manheim township, Feb. 28, 1834, a son of Jacob and Maria (Binkley) Esbenshade, and. a grandson of Peter Esbenshade, who was the founder of the family in Lancaster county. In company with two brothers, Felix and Daniel, Peter Esbenshade came from Wansheim, Grossherzog- thum Hessen-Darmstadt, Germany, in young man- hood, and he went to Dauphin county, later set- tling in Paradise township, Lancaster county. Peter Esbenshade married the Widow Lefevre, who was formerly Miss Elizabeth Howery, and settled near Pairadise, where they made a home. He was a shoemaker by trade, and after his marriage was a farmer. In his religion he was a Mennonite. His children were: Henry, a farmer and a miller of Paradise; Jacob, the father of Christian B. Esben- shade; David, who lived in the city of Lancaster, where he held a prominent position in the business world, and for a time was flour inspector ; and Joseph who resided in East Lampeter township. Jacob Esbenshade, the father of Christian B., was born Jan. 18, 1805, and died Nov. 10, 1884. Reared in Paradise township, he moved thence to his farm in Manheim township, one mile north of Eden, three years prior to his marriage. This farm comprised 120 acres, and is now owned by his son, Jacob. All his life he was a farmer, and he was actively engaged in that pursuit until within a year and a half of his death. In 1870 he moved to a third farm, a mile north of Lancaster, which is now owned and occupied by his son, Isaac. As long as he was an active farmer he lived on this farm, from which he retired to live in Lancaster. He was a devoted member of the Mennonite Church. Mr. Esbenshade was married to Miss Maria, a daughter of David and Barbara (Seagrist) Binkley. She was born in Manheim township, July 7, 181 1, and died March 19, 1879. Their children were : Elizabeth B., born Feb. 17, 1833, is the wife of Levi S. Gross, of East Hempfield township ; Chris- tian B., born Feb. 28, 1834; Barbara, born Sept. 14, 1835, is the widow of A. D. Rohrer, of Lancaster ; Susan B., born Oct. 5, 1836, died Sept. 30, 1850; Jacob B., born March 23, 1840, resides on the old homestead; Maria, born March 24, 1841, is unmar- ried, and resides with her brother, Christian B. ; David B., born Jan. 27, 1843, died in childhood; Henry B., born Nov. 4, 1844, resides in Manheim township; Amanda B., born Dec. i. 1846, is the wife of J. K. Umble, a miller of East Lampeter township ; Isaac B., born Sept. 14, 1848 ; Peter B., born March 13, 1851 ; Annie B., born Dec. 24, 1852, is the wife of Henry B. Haverstick; and John B., born Sept. 17, 1854, died the following year. The above children all live in the town of Manheim, in the same township where they were born, an un- usual circumstance. After the death of the mother of these children the father married, in 1882, Mrs. Elizabeth Landis, a sister of his first wife. She is still living, and resides in Manheim township, with her son, Benjamin Landis. The family all hold to the faith of the Mennonite Church. Christian B. Esbenshade began work for him- self in April, 1866, locating on the farm where he has steadily toiled and labored, with the exception of the seven years in which he was living retired. He owns a farm of 120 acres, which is noted as one of the finest farms in this section of the county. Everything is maintained in the best possible con- 204 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY dition, and there is every evidence of thrift and prosperity. In 1899 he built his home anew, and it is presided over by his sister Maria, and there is every indication of comfort and refinement. Since the building of the new home, Mr. Esbenshade has lived retired. Mr. Esbenshade is intersted in public affairs, and is a stockholder in the Lancaster-Ephrata Turnpike Co., and is one of its board of directors. He is also a director of the Manheim-Nefifsville Mutual Fire Insurance Co. Mr. Esbenshade is a stanch Repub- lican, and is one of the auditors of Manheim town- ship. In 1900 in company with several others, Mr. Esbenshade made a trip to the Old World, taking in the Paris Exposition, and went to Germany, that they might see the old cradle of the family, where the grandfather of this generation was born. Some time was spent in seeing Germany, Belgium, Hol- land, France, England and Scotland. The following account of his trip by Mr. Esbenshade will be found interesting : "In crossing the Atlantic we (my brother, Henry B., and brother-in-law, J. K. Umble) had a very pleasant voyage, and on our arrival in Antwerp soon found out that the people knew how to enjoy themselves. Even if it was Sunday the enjoyment was catching, for we commenced right away to enjoy ourselves. After visiting the Cathedral, Art Gallery, and several museums during the day, we started to attend a concert in the evening. On going down the street, we heard a band of music playing a spirited air, and on waiting for it to pass, we were very much amused to see that it was followed by about two hundred boys and girls, who had joined hands and were dancing from side to side in the open street. It was a novel sight and made me feel young again. The next morning we started on our tour north through Holland, visiting Rotter- dam, The Hague and Amsterdam, and enjoying our- selves immensely ; at the latter city while looking at some men unloading a canal boat, which was loaded with wheat, I asked the owner for some, telling him where I was from and that I wanted to plant it. He gave me a pint, which I sowed on my arrival home, but it did not amount to much, as it did not mature in time. We then started for Germany, visiting Berlin, Cologne and Heidelberg. At the latter city, which is near the birth place of my grandfather, I found a distant relative by the name of Esbenshade. After a couple of days in Heidelberg, we started south for Switzerland. On our trip down through Germany we saw, what seemed to an American, many strange sights, women hauling manure, plow- ing and harrowing, with cows hitched up ; we also saw women doing many other kinds of outdoor work. Our trip through Switzerland was an enjoy- able one — such beautiful lakes and snow-clad moun- tains. We visited Schafifhausen, Zurich, Lucerne, Interlaken, Berne, Lausanne and Geneva, all inter- esting cities. We then went to France, Paris and the Exposition. Paris I found a grand place, and the Exposition, while it did not come up to my ex- pectations, was a very creditable display, and be- sides it was held on historic grounds. All in all, it was well worth a visit. Next on our tour was old England and its Capital, London, and a happy crowd, we were, when we struck this conservative old town. We stopped at the 'Tudor House,' and our first meal was breakfast, at which we were served English bacon and eggs and fish, dishes we had not seen at that meal since we left our ship at Antwerp, and besides we could talk with the people. We visited among other places, the Tower of London, St. Paul's Cathedral, Westminster Abbey, and the Houses of Parliament. There are no street cars in London. All travel by 'bus and the teams, and pedestrians, when meeting, all turn to the left, which seems very odd to an American, for when one is walking the streets he is continually turning to the right and con- sequently running into some one. On leaving London we traveled through some splendid agricultural scen- ery, fine farms and everything kept in good condi- tion. We arrived in Edinburgh in the evening, and after stopping here and seeing the sights, among which were Edinburgh Castle, Holyrood Palace and Sir Walter Scott's monument, we started across Scotlanrl with her trossachs and lakes, and arrived at Oban, on the west coast. From there we sailed down through the firths to Greenock, where we took the S. S. 'Furnessia' for New York, and home, where we arrived on Thursday, Sept. 27, 1900, very glad to get here and to see our friends, and very well pleased with our trip." HERR. The family of Herr is of ancient origin, which is proven from a coat of arms found in the "Armorial (jeneral" of Reistrap. The family was free, that is to say, of noble origin, and possessed in Swabia vast estates, the ancestor of Benjamin G. Herr being known as Hugo, the Herr, or Lord, of Bilried. In the year 1593 John, Lord of Bilried, ob- tained a testimonial from the Emperor Ferdinand proving the armorial bearings, which are a shield surmounted by a helmet and two horns of plenty. In 1534 Dr. Michael Herr, of Hagenau, Alsatia, was an author of repute, having published a work called "Die Neue Welt," a description of the discov- ery of America. The first of the family to locate in America was Hans Herr, who came to this country in 1710, bring- ing with him his 5.ve sons, Abraham, Christian, Emanuel, John and Henry, four of whom. Christian, Emanuel, John and Abraham, were married. Abra- ham Herr settled near Wabank, on Conestoga creek, and his descendants in Manor township have become quite numerous. Christian Herr, son of Hans, was a minister of the Mennonite Church. He located near Willow- street, Lancaster Co.. Pa., where he built a house of sandstone in 1719. Over the door is a stone lintel on which is cut "17-CH-ER— 19." Christian had three sons, John, Christian and Abraham. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 205 Emanuel Herr located on the banks of the Pe- qnea, on the road from Strasburg to Lancaster, where a family named Mnsselman lately fesided. He made the first well there. Pie had three sons, John, Martin and Emanuel. John Plerr located in West Lampeter township, on a tract of land the title deed of which is dated June 30, T711. The tract includes 530 acres, which he bought for £30, 6s., with an annual rent to the Penns of a silver shilling for every hundred acres. John Herr, organizer of the Mennonite Church in Lancaster county, was a great-grandson of Eman- uel Herr, who emigrated in 1710. His youth was spent chiefly in reading the liible, and upon his father's death he devoted himself assiduously to the work of the Lord. In 181 1 he was baptized by Abraham Groff, and, in company with Groff and Abraham Landis, founded the "New Mennonite" or "Reformed Mennonite" Church. He was married to Elizabeth Groff. He died May 3, 1850, calmly resigning his soul to his Creator. Benjamin G. Herr was born in Strasburg township March 6, 1808, eldest son of Rev. John Herr, organizer of the New Mennonite Church. On Jan. 15, 1833, he was married to Mary Emma Witmer, who was born Oct. 4, 1814, daughter of David Witmer, of Paradise, who was a descendant of the Ferree family, French Huguenots who came to this country in the early part of the eighteenth century. Benjamin G. Herr settled on a farm ad- joining his father's place, about one half mile north of Strasburg borough, and resided there until his death, Nov. 4, 1878. His wife died Sept. 8, 1886. They had a family of ten children, all of whom are living except the youngest, as follows. Theodore W., a resident of Denver, Colo. ; Lorenzo D., also of Denver ; Ambrose J., a physician of Lancaster, Pa. ; Mary E., widow of Enos B. Herr, of Lancaster ; Hiero B., a graduate of West Point (class of 1866), now of Chicago, 111. ; Francis L., cashier and book- keeper of the Lancaster Cork Works, Lancaster ; Anna J., wife of B. F. Mussleman, a retired miller of Lancaster ; Allan A., a civil engineer, class of 1874, Lehigh University, now in Lancaster; Miss Juliet S. S., in Lancaster ; and Alice E., who died at the age of three years. Benjamin G. Herr was a man of more than or- dinary intellect and ability. He was almost entirely self-educated, and when we consider the few ad- vantages he had it is remarkable what an amount of information and knowledge he acquired. He was well informed on all topics of the day, besides hav- ins a widow, Mrs. Beatty, of Maytown ; while the oldest of the family was Abraham, the father of our subject. Abraham Herr was born Jan. i, 1824, in Manor township. Until he was twenty years old he was his father's main support in carrying on the home farm and then, beginning for himself, rented a part of his present farm which he operated until 1887, when he retired from activity and took up his resi- dence in his present home. For six years Mr. Herr was a member of the township school board and served most efficiently as supervisor for one year. In politics he is identified with the Republican party. ■ He has long been a consistent and valued member of the Mennonite Church. In November, 1843, Abraham Herr was united in wedlock with Miss Anna Rider, and the children born to this marriage were as follows : Catharine, who is the widow of Henry Risser, of Lebanon county. Pa. ; Rev. John R., a minister in the River Brethren Church, located in Dickinson county, Kansas, married Mary Heisey ; Anna married Cyrus Shank, a farmer of Dauphin county, Pa. ; Abraham, deceased, married Lizzie Shank ; George R. mar- ried Martha Engle and is a farmer in Dickinson county, Kansas ; Miss Lydia, died in January, 1900 ; Fannie married John E. Gish, a farmer in Dickin- son county, Kansas; Jacob married Amanda Ris- ser and is a farmer and drover in West Donegal township; Isaac R. is the subject of this sketch; Sarah married Peter S. Risser, a farmer in Mt. Joy township ; Amos R. married Kate Gish, a farmer in l\It. Joy township; and Rev. David R., died in 1899, a preacher in the Church of God. Anna (Rider) Herr, the mother of our subject, was born May 15, 1822, in West Donegal town- ship, daughter of George and Catherine (Reasren) Rider, natives of Lancaster county. George Rider was long a retired farmer and died in 1850, in Elizabethtown, aged seventy-four years. His wife died in 1834 and both were buried in private ground on the old farm in Mt. Joy township ; this farm was bought by Abraham Herr and is no\v farmed by Amos R. Herr. Their children were: Rev. Benjamin; Elizabeth, the wife of Frederick Oldwei- ler ; Mary, the wife of Rev. David Gingrich ; Sally,, the wife of Dr. Sebastian Keller; Catherine; John; Rev. George died in 1901 ; and Anna, wife of Abra- ham Herr, all the other members of the family hav- ing passed away. Isaac R. Herr grew up on the farm and assisted with' the agricultural work until he attained his- majority. His early education was acquired in the district schools where a firm foundation was laid and was later built upon through the energy and de- termination of one who was resolved to become a thoroughly educated man. When released from farm duty and environment, Mr. Herr began teaching school, in the meantime being a more assiduous and faithful student than any of his pupils. For seven terms he continued in this profession, during which time he was considered proficient enough to take charge as principal of the Cornwall schools, in Leb- anon county, where he remained two years. He took a course of study in the Shippensburg Normal School, where he graduated in 1887 with high hon- ors, and subsequently became a student of the scientific course at Millersville Normal School. With this thorough preparation, with mind', trained and judgment strengthened, Mr. Herr then took up the study of the law. His reading was done under the wise direction of Hon. J. Hay Brown, Justice of the Supreme Court of Penn- sylvania, and Hon. W. U. Hensel, of Lancaster,, resulting in his admission to the Bar in 1895, with prospects of the most flattering description. Since- that time Mr. Herr has become favorably regarded by a large clientage and he is justly regarded as one of the leading young attorneys of the county. He is talented, shrewd, well educated and level-, headed, possessing also those excellent attributes- bestowed upon him by an estimable parentage. In politics he is a staunch Republican. Mr. Herr practices through the State, but his residence is in Lancaster, where he is prominent in professional' and social circles as he well deserves to be. TAMES SHAND selected for his birthplace one of the most beautifully romantic and historically in- teresting spots in the whole of Scotland. He first saw the light of day Nov. 11, 1849, i"^ the village of Lesmahagow, which is situated about the center of the justly famous Upper Ward of Lanarkshire. The river Clyde forms the northeastern boundary of his native parish,- and in the eight miles of its v/inding course through that classic locality contrives to show no less than three charming waterfalls, ranging and changing in style from the sweet Cas- cade of Bonnington and the precipitous Cataract of Stone Byers to the grandly impressive Corra L3'n.. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 229 Tmperishably associated with the history of the dis- .trict are the world-renowned names of Douglas and Wallace. The ducal families of Hamilton and Douglas had also here their origin, and many of the most interesting incidents connected with Scotland's Covenanting times were enacted in this romantic Lowland vale. Indeed, Mr. Shand comes himself •of good Covenanter stock, his paternal grandmother, Margaret Brown, having been a lineal descendant of the Browns who figure so largely in the ecclesiasti- cal annals of Lesmahagow. Numerous and interest- ing are tlie recorded stories relating to this persecuted family, whose members were as clever strategists as they were good fighters, accepting comedy or tragedy with equal grace, so long as they were per- mitted to worship God according to the dictates of their own consciences. On the paternal side his grandfather, James Shand, was connected with one of the best families in the North of Scotland. He was iDorn near Dufifus, in Morayshire, and while quite a young man he migrated to the South of Scotland, set- tling finally in Lesmahagow, where he married and raised a family. His vocation was that of a builder and contractor. His only son, William Shand, became his partner and subsequently successor in business. The latter resided in Lesmahagow until June, 1863, when he accepted the responsible position of superin- tendent of mason work for the Earl of Home. This necessitated his moving to Douglas, where he died in 1875. Perhaps his most important single piece ■of work was the building of the addition to the old castle, but hundreds of splendid farmhouses, com- fortable homes and imposing public buildings that he constructed are today to be seen all over Lesma- hagow parish and the Douglas estates, and will stand for many years yet to come as monuments to his faithful work and sterling character. 'James Shand, his son, the subject of our sketch, was educated at the public school of his native vil- lage, with the exception of the last year's finishing touch, received at the Boarding School for Boys, kept by Mr. Braidwood and his sons, at Carmichael. In his fifteenth year he was bound as an apprentice to the drapery or dry-goods business with William Tennant, merchant, in Lanark. After serving there for three years Mr. Shand went to Glasgow, where he worked as a clerk for five years. At that time trained dry-goods men were not so plentiful in Amer- ica, and special inducements were offered to bring them to this countrv. The well-known firm of Brown, Thomson & McWhirter, Hartford, Conn., offered Mr. Shand a position in their store,] and on March 2Q, T872, he ari-ived in the United States. It was in Hartford that he made the acqua:intance of Messrs. Watt & Thomson, who were also countrymen of his •and colleagues in the same store. In 1878, under the firm name of Watt, Shand & Thomson, they com- menced business in Lancaster. From a business standpoint Mr. Shand's career is a counterpart of his surviving partner, Peter T. Watt, whose inter- esting story is told in another part of this volume. Mr. Shand has always taken an active interest in Lan- caster's public affairs, and particularly in the line of church and charitable work. At the present time he is chairman of the First Presbyterian Church ^ board of trustees, a position he has held since the .death of the late Robert A. Evans. He is the presi- dent of the Young Men's Christian Association, hav- ing been unanimously re-elected to that office for many years. Under his guidance and substantial co-operation the Association has just completed its magnificent new edifice on the northwest corner of Orange and North Queen streets. Mr. Shand not "only has done the leading share in all the work con- nected with this important undertaking, but set a good example to his fellow citizens by himself making a subscription of $10,000 toward the building fund. It is generally admitted to be in many respects the finest Y. M. C. A. structure in the country up to date, and is without question destined to be of incalculable benefit to the city and surrounding territory. Mr. Shand has also been chairman of the State Y. M. C. A. Convention, to which office he was elected in 190T, and is a member of the State Committee of the Y. M. C. A., which directs all the Association's work in the State. The never-failing friend of all the old and younger members, they vie with each other in trying to do him honor, and for years past the Juniors and Seniors have named their summer quarters "Camp Shand" as a personal compliment to their chief. Mr. Shand is a trustee of the Home for Friendless Chil- dren, a trustee of the Stevens Home, a member of the Board of Trade and a trustee of Franklin and Marshall College. Mr. Shand was one of the original stockholders of the Hamilton Watch Co., a director of the Fulton National Bank for four years, one of the directors of the original Edison Electric Co., and actively interested in many other business enter- prises that have brought good returns to our city and community. In October, 1886, Mr. Shand married Miss Anne W. Jamieson, daughter of William Jamieson, of Middletown, Conn. The Jamieson family also came from Scotland, Mr. Shand's father-in-law being an expert in long-chain-dyeing, using the Scotch system most popular with large manufacturers. Through his knowledge of the business he was made manager of one of the most extensive dyeing establishments in this country. To the union of Mr. Shand and Miss Jamieson have come three children, William, James and Agnes, the former now attending Frank- lin and Marshall Academy, and the other two at the public schools. Mrs. Shand is a member of the Ladies' Auxiliary of the Lancaster General Hospital, and also of the Y. M. C. A., and is active in church affairs and every kind of work in that line. Mr. and Mrs. Shand live in a delightful home on East Orange street, surrotmded with every comfort and conveni- ence for the sensible enjoyment of life. They are very hospitable, and many celebrities have been en- tertained at their table. Mrs. Shand is particularly famed as a good provider, and finds pleasure in show- 230 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ing hospitality to the many guests who come and go. Mr. Shand has crossed and recrossed the Atlantic at least twenty times, and visited all the principal countries of Europe. He is a delightful conversa- tionalist in private life, and, while making no pre- tense to be an orator, is becoming quite noted for his short addresses at the Association meetings and else- where. As is to be expected, he is an enthusiast on everything pertaining to Scottish history and liter- ature, and those who have had the privilege of hear- ing him "sing a sang" or recite a poem in his native dialect know him as a delightful companion, with a vein of wit and humor and a talent for entertainment- unsuspected by the general public. All in all, he is a gentleman of whom any city might well be proud, a fine specimen of his native Scotland, and none the less for that a typical good American. — [J. D. Law. BRINTON WALTER was born in New Gar- den, Chester Co., Pa., Jan. 2, 1837, and is a de- scendant of one of the oldest families of Ches- ter county. His grandparents were Brinton and Mary Alger Walter, the former a native of Chester county, and the latter of Lancaster City. They were en- gaged in farming, and attended the New Garden Meeting of the Society of Friends. The grand- father, Brinton Walter, died Feb. 22, 1821, in his forty-sixth year, and his wife, Mary Alger Walter, died on April 22, 1867, in her eighty-fourth year. They had eight children as follows : Joseph, John, George H., Phoebe, Sarah, Christiana, Salina and Brinton, all of whom are now deceased. George H. Walter, son of Brinton and father of Brinton Walter, the subject of this sketch, was born in Kennett, Chester Co., Pa., Oct. 17, 1808, and died in Christiana, Aug. 14, 1889. He was both a farmer and a tailor by trade. After an appren- ticeship of five years at his trade in West Chester, he engaged in business for himself near the home of his boyhood, until the year 1839, when he bought a farm of seventy-five acres near Russellville, on which he erected new buildings, all of which were paid for by the help of the needle. For a period of thirteen years he continued his trade along with farming, when at that time ready-made clothing came into favor, and he quit his trade, sold his property and bought a larger farm in Sadsbury, Lancaster county, which he greatly improved with new buildings, etc. This he sold in 1879, and then moved to a new house in Christiana, where he died. For many years he was a school director and filled other positions of trust. Though not a member, he was a supporter and much interested in the prin- ciples of the Society of Friends. He was one of the early Abolitionists, and an efficient worker in assisting fugitive slaves on the road to freedom. In politics he was first a Whig, and then a Repub- lican. He voted in 1852 for John P. Hale, the Free Soil candidate, and for John C. Fremont in 1856, for the Presidency. He was a subscriber to the Liberator, published by William Lloyd Garrison, and the Pennsylvania Freeman by C. C. Birleigh. He earnestly espoused the cause of temperance, and the right of equal suffrage to women. He began life a poor boy, but proved successful in all his efforts, gave his children a fair" education, and re- tired with a competency sufficient for his declining days. On Jan. 27, 1836, he was married to Hannah Brown, a daughter of David and Lydia (Hutton) Brown ; she was born in New Garden July 7, 1814, and died in Christiana Jan. 18, 1889. They had seven children, as follows: (i) Brinton is men- tioned in full below. (2) Jesse S. died at his home, Dec. 2, 1862, in his twenty-third year, from disease contracted in the army, in which he served faithfully as a member of Co. I, I22d P. V. I. (3) Lydia B. married William L. Jackson, of Chris- tiana. (4) Mary W^ married Francis Whitson, a retired farmer living in Christiana. (5) Georgiana died March 29, 1871, in her twenty-second year of a fever contracted at Millersville Normal School ; she was a young woman of much promise and was greatly beloved by all who knew her. (6) B. Frank is now in business in Christiana, Pa. (7) H. Louisa married Dr. Howard W. Powenall, who is a relief surgeon for the Pennsylvania Railway Co., at Altoona, Pa. The mother of these children was of a kind and sympathetic nature, strongly devoted to her family, and ever ready to relieve want and distress wherever found. Her parents, David and Lydia (Hutton) Brown were members of the Society of Friends. They were the parents of seven daughters and three sons. Mr. Brown was a farmer and was also engaged in the lime and milling business. Brinton Walter, eldest son of George H., was married Oct. 15, 1868, to Mary Louisa Barnard, who was born May 14, 1838, and died March '20, 1873, a daughter of Puse;y and Phoebe Barnard, of Christiana. The second wife of Brinton Walter was Ellen S. Davis, to whom he was married on Nov. 8, 1876; she was born in Delaware county, in 1842, and died July 3, 1883, a daughter of the late William S. and Catherine E. Davis, of Colerain. Of this marriage were born two daughters. Dr. Georgiana, who has lately completed her course in medicine at the Women's Medical College in Philadelphia, and is now engaged in hospital prac- tice in that city; and Katie E., who died Aug. 9, 1883, at the age of seven months. Both of these wives were active workers in their respective churches, and in the reform movements of their day; while at the same time they were faithful to their home duties, and ever ready with sympathy and aid for the suffering and sick around them. The third wife of Mr. Walter was Miss Louisa D. Davis, to whom he was married on March 16, ; she was a younger sister of his second wife. and was born in Delaware county April 2, 1846. Mr. Walter remained at home on the farm of his parents until the fall of 1866, when he engaged BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 231 in the general store business in Christiana, at the stand now occupied by Samuel Carter, where he remained for four years, when he sold his interest in the store. About a year later he embarked in the grain, coal and lumber business in Christiana, in partnership with the late James D. Reed. In February, 1873, he bought the old W^ker W. H. property,, where he built and greatly improved and successfully enlarged the business in his own inter- ests, until 1891, when on account of declining health he disposed of the business to his brother B. Frank Walter, who continues the same to this day. In February, 1895, Mr. Walter was called upon to settle the assigned estate for the owner of the milling and grain business at the Parkesburg Steam Roller Mill. Soon after making a final settle- ment of this estate, he bought of Enoch P. Moore his W. H. property in the same place. He rebuilt and much enlarged the capacity of the plant, putting in new and the latest improved power and machin- ery for the grinding of feed and the more success- ful handling of grain, flour, feed, hay, etc., in car load lots for both the wholesale and retail trade. This is the only business of the kind in that locality and like his former business in Christiana has proven successful and profitable. Mr. Walter was elected to the ofHce of justice of the peace in the spring of 1862, and was con- tinued in that position for twenty years. He was elected one of the first councilmen of the borough of Christiana, and was largely instrumental in pro- moting and securing the gravity spring water sup- ply, cement sidewalks, and other improvements in the town. He has been a director of the Christiana National Bank, and of the Chester Valley National Bank for many years, and has held other positions of trust. HENRY C. BOYD, a prominent merchant of Manheim, Lancaster county, was born July 16, 1838, at Mt. Hope, son of John and Catherine (Likens) Boyd. The Boyd family is of the Scotch-Irish race, which has become noted for the ability and force of character of its representatives, and James Boyd, his grandfather was a lifelong resident of Ireland. John Boyd, the father, who was a man of unusual native force, was born in Ireland about 1784, and came to America in 1810. His first employment was in a mill at Baltimore, Md., where he remained for a brief period, and he then spent some years in Berks county. Pa., near Reading, as clerk and manager of a general store, and bookkeeper for the Canal Company. His next position was that of chief clerk for the Brooks Iron and Nail Manu- facturing Co., at Birdsboro, Pa., and after a short experience at Monada Furnace was offered the post of manager of the Mt. Hope Furnace, which he accepted in 1830. There he. spent twelve years, and on retiring, in 1843, devoted his attention to agriculture, having purchased with his earnings a farm a mile from Mt. Hope, where his remaining years were spent. Mr. Boyd married Catherine Likens, a native of Berks county, and they had ten children : William L., who succeeded his father as manager of the Mt. Hope Furnace, and died at the age of seventy-two years; Mary Ann, deceased; Annie J., widow -of John Beam ; Harriet, wife of John D. Witters ; Edward, a farmer at Colebrook ; EHzabeth, widow of David Eichels; Clement, a farmer of Penn township, prison inspector of Lan- caster county, and ex-member of the Penlisylvania Legislature ; Henry C, whose name opens this sketch ; John L., who died at the age of thirty- six ; . and James, who died at the age of sixty-nine years. John Boyd was a kind father, yet exacting, requiring from his children obedience and the ob- servance of the Sabbath. Henry C. Boyd began his business career at the age of seventeen years, leaving home to ac- cept a situation as clerk with Arndt & Worley, merchants of Manheim. Equipped with a good character, sound physique and a willingness to work, defects of early education were easily over- come, his worth to the firm being shown by his admission as a partner four years later. The new firm of Worley, Bomberger & Boyd, dealers in lumber and general merchandise, lasted one year and nine months, when the business was transferred to Arndt & Boyd. In 1875 Mr. Boyd withdrew, and established himself at his present place, and for more than a quarter of a century there has been but one name above the door, that of Henry C. Boyd. Immediately after securing sole control of the business, Mr. Boyd planned and constructed the large block in which his business is now con- ducted. The store is a model of neatness, and there is reflected in every department the good taste of the owner, now assisted by his sons, Oliver, Allan and John. In addition to his valuable busi- ness property Mr. Boyd is owner of other real estate in the borough, besides a farm one and a quarter miles east of Manheim, which has been im- proved and beautified by him at a great expense. Mr. Boyd's shrewd judgment is appreciated by his business associates, and eleven years as director of the Manheim National Bank and his service as promoter, organizer and trustee of the Enterprise Hosiery Mill, give evidence of marked ability in finance. He was one of the principal factors in securing the Lancaster, Petersburg & Manheim Railroad, and he is one of the directors of the same. In the affairs of the borough his public spirit has been usefully displayed, and during his terms as burgess and councilman, his influence was given to many worthy measures ; he was elected burgess in 1880, and in 1901, was appointed to that incum- bency, to fill an unexpired term. His most zealous efforts have been directed toward securing good schools, and it was during his service as school director that the present imposing school building was erected. Mr. Boyd served one term as notary 232 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY public, to which office he was appointed. His po- litical allegiance is given unfalteringly to the Re- publican party. He was elder in the Reformed Church and superintendent of the Sunday-school, and his earnest work in the cause of religion has borne good results. His name is also enrolled as a member of Selah Lodge, No. 657, I. O. O. F. On Sept. 3, 1861, Mr. Boyd married Miss Cath- erine Eisenberger, daughter of Martin and Eliza- beth Eisenberger, of Manheim, and to this union four sons have been born : H. Oliver, who mar- ried Miss Ella Keener; Allan J., a member of the borough council, who married Miss Elizabeth Pfautz; John B., who married Miss Mary Burk- holder; and G. Rufus, now clerk in the Manheim National Bank (a position which he has held un- interruptedly since 1890), who married Miss Ida Long. HENRY S. MELLINGER, of Ephrata bor- ough, is a retired farmer and brick manufacturer, who is rated among the substantial and solid citi- zens, who worthily represent a class of men, who, through youth and middle age followed an indus- trious life, and are now able to enjoy the provision their early efforts made for them. Henry S. Mellinger was born on Feb. 14, 1852, a son of Edward and Susan (Showers) Mellinger, the former of whom was a prominent farmer of the township for many years, who died March 21, 1902, aged seventy-five years, eleven months and five days. Three children were born to the parents of Henry S. : Adam, who died in his twenty-ninth year ; Henry S. ; and Susan, who married Henry McCarty, of Earl township. Grandfather Jacob Mellinger, was a carpenter by trade and also resided in this township, marry- ing here and rearing these children : Timothy, Edward, Daniel, John, Jacob, Moses, Martin and Eliza. Henry S. Mellinger was reared on a farm and received his education in the public schools of Ephrata township. At the age of nineteen he commenced to learn the carpenter trade. On Jan. I, 1873, he was married to Miss Matilda Grover, a daughter of Jacob and Mary (Young) Grover, and to this union were born: Harry, born June 8, 1875. who died April 8, 1876; Emma, born March' 16, 1877; Ella G., born Feb. 14, 1879; Ja- cob, born April 22, 1881 ; Annie, born July 14, 1882 ; and Ella, who died in infancy. The death of Mrs. Mellinger was on Jan. 17, 1884, and on Feb. 18, 1886, Mr. Mellinger was married to Miss Elizabeth A. Killhefner, of Earl township, a daugh- ter of John and Barbara (Bealer) Killhefner, who was born Feb. 14. 1852, and to this marriage were born: John Rpy, born Feb. 18, 1889, and Delleth E., born Dec. 8, 1893. Although Mr. Mellinger started out in life with very limited means, he was energetic and industri- ous, and has been very successful, owning now considerable property and a very comfortable brick mansion, located on West Main street, in Ephrata. At present he is living somewhat retired from busi- ness care, having earned his ease. In the com- munity he is well regarded, and he has many friends in Ephrata. WILLIAM SMITH KAUTZ, during his act- ive life a cigar manufacturer in Lancaster, was born near Indianapolis, Ind., Dec. 31, 1836, and died July 16, 1899. His parents, Michael and Fan- nie (Kauffman) Kautz, were born, reared, and died in Lancaster county, the former passing away in 1843, at the age of thirty-five, and the latter in 1887, at the age of seventy-five. Michael Kautz was a shoe maker by trade, and with his wife was a devout member of the M. E. Church. . Of the children born of this union, Jacob was drowned when twelve years of age; Jonathan died in in- fancy ; Harriet died at the age of sixty-three ; Will- iam Smith ; Harry was killed during the Civil war ; and Fannie is the widow of Andrew Stewart. Fan- nie (Kauiifman) Kautz married for a second hus- band Captain George Hitzelberger, who served in the wars of 18 12 and 1849, ^"d raised a company for the old militia. He lived to be ninety-two years of age, and died in 1872. Of this union there were no children. As a child William Smith Kautz came to Lan- caster with his parents, and at a comparatively early age learned the cigar makers' trade. After- ward he followed the occupation of plastering for a time, but in 1871 resumed cigar making, and in 1881 started in the cigar business for himself. He had a thorough knowledge of his chosen calling, and latterly supplied a trade which enabled him to employ seven men. He was a Democrat in politi- cal affiliation, but was never active in local poli- tics, preferring to devote his entire time to his business. He attended the Church of God. Mrs. Kautz was formerly Maria M. Rash, and was born in Columbia, Pa. She is the mother of four children, viz. : Charles W., who married Ida Anderson, and is a groceryman of Lancaster; Fan- nie C, the widow of Fred Geider Seith, of Phila- delphia ; Harrie S., who is deceased ; and Edith M. JAMES P. COLLINS, a worthy and respected citizen of BeartoWn, Pa., is a native of Philadelphia, born there Nov. 13, 1838, son of Charles and Ann (McClelland) Collins, the latter being closely re- lated to Gen. George B. McClellan. The parents of our subject were both natives also of Philadelphia, where the father died. He was of Scotch descent and was a combmaker by trade. James P. Collins was reared in Philadelphia, and was able to take advantage of the opportunities offered in the excellent public schools. When of sufficient years he learned the trade of car-finisher and car painting, which he followed until 1898. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 283 In April, 1861, when the first call was made by the Government for soldiers for a three-months' service, Mr. Collins was among the first loyal men to respond, enlisting April 24, in Co. K, i8th P. V. I., and on Aug. 24th of the same year was com- missioned se.rgeant in Co. C, 23d P. V. L, and for three years he performed the duties of a soldier with faithfulness. After the expiration of this long service, he re-enHsted, April 13, 1864, en- tering Co. H, 7th Reg. U. S. Vet. Vol., and was mustered out from this company April 20, 1866, at Leesburg, Va. Mr. Collins was one of the most faithful and valiant soldiers of the Civil war, and he possesses as a precious souvenir, a gold medal which was presented to him by his company, com- memorating his brave and gallant service. This could not have been received by any one not worthy ■of it, and it reflects not only credit upon his true- hearted comrades, but great honor upon himself. Although he participated in many of the hardest fought battles of the war, he miraculously escaped both wound and capture. After the close of the war Mr. Collins returned to Philadelphia and en- tered the employ of the Pennsylvania Car Co., and was employed there at his trade until 1880, at which time he removed to Lancaster county and located' at Beartown. Here he purchased twelve acres of land, which he has so improved and mod- ■ernized that the place is now one of the most at- tractive homes in this locality. Mr. Collins does :some farming, and still continues his business of painting, not confining his energies to either ex- clusively. On May 11, 1871, Mr. Collins was united in marriage with Barbara A. Dolby, daughter of Abraham Dolby, of Lancaster county. Her death took place Aug. 8, 1895, at the age of forty-five years, leaving two children, Fannie and Charles. Mr. Collins is one of the very intelligent, well-read and hospitable residents of Beartown, and enjoys the esteem of the community. DAVID BACHMAN LANDIS, proprietor of the Pluck Art Printery, at No. 38 East Chestnut street, Lancaster, is not only an original, high- grade printer, but also an author. In 1888 Mr. Landis compiled and published a neat little volume ■entitled "The Landis Family of Lancaster County, a Comprehensive History of the Landis Folk, from the Martyrs' Era to the Arrival of the First Swiss Settlers, Giving Their Numerous Lineal Descend- ants ; also an Accurate Record of Members in the Rebellion, with a Sketch of the Start and Subse- quent Growth of Landisville and Landis Valley, and a Complete Directory of Living Landis Ad- ults." From this book we learn that : "For about two generations history fails to re- veal individual members of the Landis Family, i. e., from 1643 to 1717. Members of the Mennonite be- lief early took advantage of William Penn's liberal policy to settle in America. About 1683 and later, in 1709 and 1712, numbers of them emigrated to Chester county (including what is now the county of Lancaster). "In 1717 three brothers. Rev. Benjamin, Felix and John Landis, all Swiss Mennonites, came to America from the vicinity of Mannheim, on the Rhine, where they had been driven from Zurich, Switzerland, and purchased land from Penn and the Conestogoe Indians. Like most of the pioneer settlers of the American wilds, these good people were comparatively poor in worldly possessions, and had their hands so full of work, that they failed, it seemed, to keep their family records. They became, however, instinctively American in their progress, and proceeded at once to skillfully till the soil which has since made this county known the world over as a garden spot. Here, also, these pioneer members of the family worshipped their God according to their desire, and in perfect peace. "Benjamin's lineal descendants being numerous and mostly located in the present confines of Lan- caster county, his vast family obtains precedence throughout this volume; while the descendants of his two brothers, Fehx and John (and others who emigrated afterward), are also given wherever they are connected with the history of the county. "Rev. Benjamin Landis, one of the three broth- ers who emigrated to America, accompanied by an only son, Benjamin, Jr. (aged eighteen), took up a tract of 240 acres of land from the London Com- pany, for which he received a patent in 1718. This land was in the possession of the Conestogoe In- dians, from whom it was obtained by purchase. Benjamin was a Mennonite preacher, and, with his son, began farming on his tract, situated in what is now East Lampeter township, near Mel- linger's meeting house, about four miles East of Lancaster City, at the intersection of the Horse- shoe and old Philadelphia roads. No records tell to whom this pious man was married, and unfor- tunately for several succeeding generations such' information is very meager." David Bachman Landis is descended through Rev. Benjamin Landis by Benjamin, Jr., John Lan- dis, of the fifth generation (eldest son of John (4) and who married Anna Bachman), John C. Landis (eldest son of John and Anna (Bachman) Landis) and Israel Christian, second son of John C. Landis and Veronica Shelly, his wife, these being the grandparents of David Bachman Landis. Israel Christian Landis was married to Mary Musselman, and had two children, David Bachman Landis and Florence Shelly Landis. Israel Christian Landis was postmaster of Salunga, from 1871 to 1874. "David Bachman Landis, of the eighth genera- tion, was born in Landisville Feb. 12, 1862. He received a common-school education, was a clerk in his father's store in Bamfordville for some years. In March, 1877, during school days, he first brought to light a small boys' paper, called the Keystone Amateur. In April, of the following year, it was 234 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY first printed by him, under the title of the Amateur, Jr. In August of that year, the sheet was enlarged to a sixteen-page magazine, including covers, un- der the original name; and with the October num- ber it ceased publication. On the seventh of Octo- ber, 1878, David was apprenticed to the Inquirer Printing & Publishing Co., Lancaster, to learn Gut- enberg's art. After serving four years at the trade, he opened a professional jobbing office in Landis- ville, in April, 1883. On May i, of the same year, he issued the initial number of the Village Vigil, as a tri-monthly; in a year it was printed weekly; and in 1885 the paper was enlarged to eight pages, being known thereafter as the Landisville Vigil. He has been a frequent contributor to the Inquirer, Morning News and New Era, of Lancaster ; the Wheel, New York; the Wheelman (magazine), Boston ; the American Art Printer, of New York (papers on technical topics) ; and other journals. He was married to Nora K., a daughter of David Baker, deceased, of East Hempfield township, on Tuesday, Sept. 29, 1885, by Rev. Dr. E. Greenwald, late of Lancaster. On Sept. 19, 1886, a daughter, named Katie Musselman, was born. On March 13, 1886, the Vigil was discontinued, the owner connecting himself with the Lancaster Inquirer." Here the chapter ends, so far as the work refers to David Bachman Landis in a personal way ; but the most interesting part of his career remains to be told. Mr. Landis' daughter, Kate Musselman Landis, referred to in the book, and her brother, Allen Baker (born May 29, 1889), entered into rest, re- spectively, on Oct. 5 and 6, 1891, and the double funeral is well remembered by the citizens of Lan- caster. Two other children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Landis, Irene Janet (January 18, 1893) and Elvin Guy (April 22, 1899). In 1888 Mr. Landis established the Pluck Art Printery, at No. 320 East Chestnut street, in 1890 removing to North Queen and Walnut streets, and in 1 89 1 locating in a permanent home — for the fam- ily as well as for the printing office — which Mr. Landis since purchased, at No. 38 East Chestnut street. For four years Mr. Landis had edited and published a finely printed magazine called Pluck, from which his printery takes its name. This bright publication was devoted to the advancement of printing,- photography and otKer arts, and was discontinued a few years since, owing to increasing business in commercial printing, requiring all of the publisher's time. Since the printery was estab- lished at No. 38 East Chestnut street the business has continually grown from that day to this, and is still growing. The features of the business are superior commercial and society printing, and the issuing of druggists' labels — Pluck having a monopoly of the latter so far as Lancaster is concerned. Indeed, in this line, Mr. Landis' printing establishment enjoys a reputation that extends far beyond the limits of this state, he having filled a very large order from far off Louisiana. The proprietor of Pluck is, in brief, a designer and inventor as well as a printer; and his work is as original and unique as it is ar- tistic. Among his best permanent work are four volumes of "Specimens of Pluck's Printing." These choice books were sold throughout- the United .States and foreign countries. Mr. Landis is a member of the Grace Lutheran Church, in which he was for a time a deacon ; is- a member of the Lancaster County Historical So- ciety; and is an ardent wheelman, having been the founder of the Lancaster Cycling Club, to which he gave a home at his place on East Chestnut street, during the early period of its existence, and of which he was secretary for one and one-half years. He has organized many bicycle meets and parades, and has influenced legislation for better streets and roads. At present he is sole Rep- resentative from the Second District of the L. A. W. in Pennsylvania. So ardent has been his interest in cycling that he was appointed, by the- Chief consul in Philadelphia, to the position of Local Consul for the Pennsylvania Division League of American Wheelmen from Lancaster, which position he yet holds as senior consul ; and, he holds a handsome special diploma, awarded him by the Keystone committee of the League of American Wheelmen. His latest important office is on the National Highway Improvement committee, where he is rendering valuable service without remun- eration. Pie is the oldest member of the League in Lancaster county, being known as No. 158 of the original membership. In fact Mr. Landis is in cycling what he has been in historical researches, in his studies of the art of printing, in his help ta improve street and road systems, and in every- thing else that he deems worthy of his doing — a painstaking, intelligent and conscientious en- thusiast. JOSEPH B. NISSLY (deceased) was a native of Lancaster county, and was a son of Rev. Chris- tian and Magdalina (Baumberger) Nissly. Rev. Christian Nissly was for many years a preacher in the Mennonite Church near Manheim, and he died Aug. 6, 1882, when eighty-seven years old, the father of the following named children : Samuel, died young, as also did Christian; Martha, also de- ceased, was married to Dr. Andrew Garber, an ex- banker as well as physican ; Joseph B. ; and Martin, single and retired, resides in Salunga, Lancaster county. Joseph B. Nissly was the owner of five farms, and was the most extensive agriculturist in the township. His circumstances in life were so com- fortable that he cared for no office, although he did consent to serve as road supervisor for one year. He was twice married. By his first wife, Martha Shirk, he became the father of five children, viz. : Martha, wife of Amos Strickler, - a carpenter in Landisville; Christian, a farmer in Rapho town- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 235 ship, and married to Tillie Long; Samuel, married to I'riscilla Zeager, and farming in Jackson county, Kas. ; Joseph, deceased; and Anna, deceased wife of Henry Shenk. Martha (Shirk) Nissly was born m Lancaster county, and died in 1869, at the age of thirty-five years. Mr. Nissly, in January, 1871, married in Co- lumbia Miss Elizabeth Witmer, who was born in Rapho township. May 16, 1842, a daughter of Peter F. Witmer, of whom full mention will be made fur- ther on. To this second marriage, however, no children were born. Mr. Nissly continued his exten- sive farming operations until fifteen years prior to his death, which took place April 6, 1897, when he was seventy-six years of age. In religion he was a Men- nonite, in politics a Republican, and as a citizen was one of the most influential and prominent in Landisville. Peter F. Witmer, deceased father of Mrs. Jos- eph B. Nissly, was born in Manor township Feb. 11, 1809, and died in East Donegal township Dec. 21, 1896, and there his remains were interred in the Mennonite cemetery. He was a son of Peter and Barbara (Funk) Witmer, the former of whom was a weaver by trade, and both of whom passed their entire lives in Manor township. They were the parents of thirteen children, who were born in the following order: John, deceased; Mary, deceased wife of Michael Grosh ; Barbara, who was married to John Kaufman, but is now deceased; Christian, who died young ; Jacob, who died in 1900 ; Peter F., father of Mrs. Nissly, and also deceased; Harry, who is living in retirement; Christian, who died in the West; Martin, also retired; Benjamin, a. farm- er ; Catherine, deceased wife of John Gerlach ; An- na, deceased wife of Jacob Stehman; and Eliza- beth, who has also been called away. Peter Witmer, father of Peter F., was a son of John Wittmer, as the name was originally spelled, and the change in the spelling was brought about by a brother of Peter F., named Jacob Wittmer and who was a weaver. In the weaving of a spread which was to bear the family name, Jacob found himself too cramped for space to use two T's, and so omitted one, and since that time the name has borne its present spelling — Witmer. Peter F. Witmer married, in Elizabethtown, Lancaster county, Miss Elizabeth Eshleman, and to this union were born nine children, viz.: Cather- ine, who died unmarried at the age of forty-three years; Jacob, a farmer in East Donegal township; Peter, a farmer in Rapho township; Elizabeth, widow of Joseph Nissly, whose biography is given above; Mary, residing with her brother Jacob: Anna, wife of Josiah Myers, a retired farmer of Carro'll county, Md. ; Jonas, proprietor of the Cross Keys Hotel in Marietta — the finest hotel building in the county; Henry, a farmer in East Donegal township ; and Fanny, wife of Jacob Sowders, also a farmer in the same place. Mrs. Elizabeth (Eshleman) Witmer was born in Manor township April 9, 181 2, a daughter of Henry and Catherine (Frank) Eshleman, of Stras- burg, Pa., and both now deceased. Mr. Eshleman was a farmer by vocation, but for many years prior to his death, lived retired. To him and wife were born eight children, to- wit: (i) Elizabeth Wit- mer, who is living with her daughter Elizabeth in Landisville, is remarkably active for her advanced age. (2) Catherine is the deceased wife of Jacob Shenk. (3) Susannah was first married to David Swigert, and she is now the widow of Samuel Brant. (4) Mary is the widow of John Payne, of Carroll county, Md. (5) Sarah is the wife of David Dennison, who is living retired in Maytown, Pa. (6) Henry was killed on a railroad. (7) Anna is the wife of Abraham Crider, saw-mill pro- prietor in Hamilton, Va. (8) Fanny was first mar- ried to John Hertzler, and of the children born of this union, John E. became president of the Lan- caster Trust Co., and lives in Lancaster; Mary E. married Jacob Hertzler, who is now deceased, and she makes her home in Elizabethtown; and Eliza- beth E. married a Mr. Murray, and lives in Ala- bama. After the death of Mr. Hertzler, his widow, Fanny, wedded George Hergleroth, and became the mother of two children by this marriage: Emma, wife of Dr. Ulrich, of Elizabethtown; and Jacob, who is unmarried, and residing in Lancaster. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Elizabeth Witmer were natives of Germany and early settled near Strasburg, Lancaster county, and her maternal grandparents were Valentine and Catherine (Bruea) Frank. JOHN WATT THOMPSON. Among the representative farmer citizens of Lancaster county, is John Watt Thompson, who for many years has been a substantial agriculturist of Sadsbury town- ship, although since 1886 he has been retired from activity. He was born June 14, 1830, in the same log cabin on this farm, in which his honored father first saw the light. The Thompson family is an old and respected one in this county, some of its members having at- tained fame during the Revolutionary war. It was founded in America by James Thompson, who came over in 1696, and took up the land on which John Watt Thompson now resides. He was of Scotch-Irish extraction. Nathan Thompson, son of the emigrant, died Dec. 22, 1813. His children were: (i) Col. James, born on his father's farm Feb. 17, 1745. On Dec. 5, 1772, he married Lydia Baily, who was born in July, 1750, and died Dec. 11, 1806. Col. James Thompson was commissioned by the Supreme Ex- ecutive Council of Pennsylvania colonel of the 1st Battalion of Militia in the county of York Sept. 15, 1777. His command was attached to the forces of Brig.-Gen. James Potter, who commanded the Pennsylvania militia. In the action at White Horse, Pa., Sept. 16, 1777, Col. Thompson was badly 236 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY wounded while making a charge upon the British line. Gen. Potter dismounted and placing Col. Thompson upon his horse, sent him to the rear. On Feb. 13, 1779, the latter was elected councilor for York county, defeating Gen. James Ewing. After the expiration of his term as councilor, he returned to Sadsbury township, and there engaged in business with his brother-in-law. Col. John Steele, in the manufacture of paper, near Steele- ville, where he purchased several hundred acres of land. He died Oct. 3, 1807. (2) Col. Robert, son of Nathan, was appointed sub-lieutenant of the county, and died in Sadsbury township, Lancaster county, in -the fall of 1783. (3) Capt. Andrew commanded a company of militia in Chester county. He was commissioned by Gov. Simon Snyder, ma- jor of the 1st Battalion of the 97th regiment of militia during the Revolution. He moved to York county, where he was appointed a justice of the peace. At the close of the war he returned to Sadsbury township, with his brother James. (4) Nathan is mentioned below, (s) Margaret mar- ried William Walker, of Tyrone township, Adams county. Nathan Thompson, son of Nathan, was, like his brothers, a soldier of the Revolution. He died May 26, 1824. His wife was Jane Miller, and in their family was Joseph M., the father of John Watt Thompson. Joseph M. Thompson was born May 22, I797> near Oxford, Chester county. He married Mary Watt, who was born June 24, 1789, and died in 1867, at the age of seventy-eight years. Mr. Thomp- son passed away in 1870, at the age of seventy- three years. Both were God-fearing, pious people, members of the United Presbyterian church, and both were laid to rest in the cemetery at Lower Octoraro Church. The children born to Joseph M. Thompson and wife were: Margaret M., born Nov. 19, 1826; Jane M., born July i, 1828, mar- ried Marshall Wilson ; John Watt, born June 14, 1830; Rachel A., born Aug. 7, 1832; Susan E., born Dec. 9, 1834; and Harriet A., born July 26, 1844. This family all lived unmarried, with the exception of John Watt and his sister, Jane, and all are dead except John Watt. John Watt Thompson obtained his education in the common schools of his locality, and was reared to farm work, early becoming a practical agriculturist and capable of conducting all kinds of farming operations successfully. Until 1886 he continued in the management of his home farm, in the meantime purchasing one other* valuable €state. On Dec. 24, 1856, in Smyrna, Sadsbury town- ship, John Watt Thompson was married to Sarah J. Russell, and a large and intelligent family, has heen born to this union, almost all of the survivors having established homes of their own, and becom- ing among the most respected citizens of their var- ious localities. They were as follows: Joseph M., who married Rebecca Bush, has two children, Joseph M., Jr., and Rebecca, and lives in Avondale, Pa. ; William E., deceased, who married Josephine McGowan, and passed out of life Oct. 17, 1896; John W., who married Mary Campbell, has had four children, Sarah J. (deceased), John W., Mary A. and Myrtle E., and resides with his father; James F., who married Anna Greenleaf, has two children, James F. and Virginia, and lives in Chris- tiana, Pa. ; George A., who married Elsie Hoffman, has one child, Verdina, and is in the lumber busi- ness, at Smyrna, Pa. ; Hanford W., a farmer, liv- ing near Philadelphia; Martin L., who married Isabella Pickle, has one child, Lena, and is a farmer in Sadsbury township : Howard B., who died June 13, 1871 ; Winfield S., who married Anna Rice, has four children, Chester E., Charlie, Lesley and Lydia, and is a farmer of Sadsbury township ; Charles W., who died Aug. 3, 1874; and Herbert E., a farmer near Philadelphia. Mrs. Sarah J. (Russell) Thompson was born in this township, Sept. 18, 1836, the estimable daughter of Joseph and Sarah Russell, the for- mer of whom was a farmer in Lancaster county; she died Jan. 26, 1882, and was laid to rest in Octoraro Church cemetery. John Watt Thompson suffered a partial stroke of paralysis, in 1861, from which he has never en- tirely recovered, but in spite of this drawback, he has become one of the successful farmers of this vicinity, and is a leading member of the United Presbyterian Church, known as the Octoraro Church, to which he gives generous support and where he is highly esteemed. PETER SHINDLE, born April 29, 1760, in Lancaster county, was in the Revolutionary ser- vice. He went as a fifer, in July, 1776, in Capt. Andrew Graaf's company in Col. George Ross' regiment; and in September, 1777, he was under Capt. Stoever, of Greenawalt's regiment. He was promoted to brigade fife major, and was present at the battles of Brandywine and Germantown. He went out the third time under Capt. William Wertz ; and in 1778 he volunteered to aid in taking the Hessian prisoners of Lancaster to Philadelphia, in Capt. -App's company. SAM MATT. FRIDY. According to the im- mortat Cooper, there is an "instinctive tendency in men to look at any man who has become distin- guished," that is, whose nature has been as great as, if not greater than, the lofty position he has attained, and for the emulation of coming generations the life ■ of Sam Matt. Fridy, of Lancaster county. Pa., late Revenue collector of the Qth Revenue District of Pennsylvania, is here brieflv chronicled. His suc- cessful administration of affairs in difficult and im- portant places has won him the respect of men of ■ every party. Mr. Fridy was born at Mountville, Lancaster ociri )Joa^LelTl.d:- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 237 county, March ii, 1837, and is a worthy representa- tive of a family that has hved for nearly two cen- turies in that vicinity. His great-grandfather, Jacob Fridy, was a native of Baden, Germany, but early in life came to the New World, where he married and engaged in the shoemaking business. He married Saloma Yost, and became the father of three sons : Christian, who moved to Chester county in 1802, locating near Yellow Springs ; Jacob, who occupied the home of his father, now owned by William Walker : and Matthias, who purchased the property now known as the "Grubb Ore Mines," and who be- came the grandfather of Sam Matt. Fridy. Mat- thias Fridy died in July, 1825. John Fridy, the father of Sam Matt. Fridy, was born in 181 1, and died in 1886. He passed his entire life as a farmer, and took an active part in the affairs of the community. In politics he was first a Demo- crat, and in 1844 became a Whig, and upon the formation of the Republican party supported same. For his wife he chose Elizabeth Musser, who was born in 181 7, a daughter of Peter Musser, son of John, the latter a son of Peter, who was a native of Wurtemberg, Germany, and came to America early in 1740, in 1768 locating with his family near Mountville. John Fridy and his wife Elizabeth be- came the parents of eleven children, namely : Sam Matt., who is the eldest; Cyrus, who served in the 2d Pa. Heavy Artillery in "the Civil war, and died while in the army; John M. ; Reuben; Henry; Aaron ; Annie, who became the wife of David Yohn, who resides in Mountville ; Lizzie, wife of Hon. W. P. Snyder, president pro tem. of the Senate of Penn- sylvania, who resides at Spring City, Chester coun- ty ; and Mary, Barbara and Alma, all of whom died in infancy. Sam Matt. Fridy passed his early years on the home farm, but enjoyed advantages for an educa- tion that in those days were most unusual. After at- tending the common schools he was given one term at Whitehall Academy, and in 1856 returned to his home school as a teacher, later teaching two other schools in the township. In 1859 he began his life as a servant of the public, and has maintained to the present the high principles that so early in life won for him the esteem of those who knew him best. He was elected justice of the peace for West Hempfield township, and held that position until 1862, when he was selected an assistant to Gen. James L. Reynolds, Commissioner of Drafts, and while in that position helped to make the first enrollment and the first draft in Lancaster county. His next service was in Washington, D. C, where he was given a position in the Quartermaster-General's office, in the War Department, where in a short time he was given charge of the accounts, and the arduous duties of this place he efficiently discharged until 1865. That year he resumed an occupation he had begun early in 1857, that of auctioneering, but after two years ( 1867) the State again sought his services, this time in the State Department at Harrisburg, where he re- mained under the administrations of Govs. John W. Geary, John F. Hartranft and Col. H. M. Hoyt. Mr. Fridy retained this position for fifteen years, and it is safe to say that the responsible affairs could not have been more creditably discharged. While thus engaged at Harrisburg, he was, in the fall of 1881, elected to the office of prothonotary of Lancaster county, and the first Monday in January, 1882, en- tered upon the duties of that position. At the close of his term of office, in 1885, he was elected to his first office, that of justice of the peace of West Hempfield township, in which he continued until he was appointed collector of Internal Revenue, assum- ing the duties of the latter office in November, 1889. The fifteen counties of the 9th District are : Lan- caster, York, Adams, Cumberland, Fulton, Bedford, Blair, Huntingdon, Mifflin, Juniata, Snyder, Perry, Dauphin, Lebanon and Franklin. When his ac- counts were turned over to his successor, Feb. i, 1894, everything was in the most perfect order. His subordinates demonstrated their affection for their departing chief by a fine banquet in his honor, and in every way proved they regarded the expiration of his term, which would necessarily remove him from their midst, as a personal loss. Not long, however, was Mr. Fridy permitted to remain a private citizen. The gate to a wider field was unexpectedly opened to him. In 1895 the Legislature created the office of Deputy Auditor General, and Gen. Amos H. Mylin appointed him to fill the place, and on the election of Gen. Levi G. Mc- Cauley to the office of Auditor General he was re- appointed, and is now serving his third term under Gen. E. B. Hardenbergh. Mr. Fridy is a man well read, courteous in manner, progressive in business, and makes many warm friends. He is capable of much work, so thoroughly does he systematize everything, and his executive ability enables him to plan for others, and to successfully carry to an issue whatever falls within his line of duty. Not only in the business-like administration of public affairs has Mr. Fridy proven his eminent ability, but since 1888, when he was made a trustee of the Millersville State Normal School (which office he still holds), he has given evidence of rriost practical ideas on the subject of education. His emphatic opposition to superficial learning and his championship of advancement along substantial lines have gone far toward winning for the Millers- ville Normal* a high place among the educational institutions of the State. In 1857, in Mountville, Mr. Fridy was united in marriage with Miss Harriet B. Develin, a daughter of John Develin, of that place. Mr. and Mrs. Fridy have been blessed with three children: LaFayette, who is a passenger locomotive engineer on the Penn- sylvania railroad ; Annie E. ; and Mercy. In his fraternal relations Mr. Fridy belongs to Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M. ; Columbia Chapter, No. 224, R. A. M. ; and Cyrene Commandery, No. 34, of Co- lumbia. 288 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY REV. DANIEL WOLGEMUTH. The Wol- gemuths are among the old and highly esteemed families of Lancaster county, of respected German ancestry, a race which through generations has shown those attributes of sterling worth which particularly belong to the Germans. Through con- nections by marriage it also claims kinship with a number of other prominent families of the county. In Rev. Daniel Wolgemuth the biographer finds a most worthy representative of this family. He was born in Mt. Joy township, Lancaster coun- ty, Aug. 2, 1844, son of Rev. Joseph and Barbara (Nissley) Wolgemuth, the former of whom died on the present farm of his son Daniel, after eight years of retirement, in 1884, at the age of sixty- two years. Rev. Joseph Wolgemuth was a farmer by occupation, but for ten years prior to his death he was an acceptable minister in the River Brethren Church, by precept and example illustrating the beauty of a blameless life. The beloved mother lived to be seventy-two years old, almost reaching ber seventy-third birthday, dying in 1892, and both parents were buried in the cemetery of the Cross Roads Meeting House, in East Donegal township. They had three sons and two daughters: Mrs. Levy Mumma; Mrs. Eli M. Musser, whose hus- band died five years ago; Martin, who is a retired farmer in East Donegal township ; Aaron, who died in 1875 ; and Rev. Daniel. The paternal grand- father, Daniel Wolgemuth, a farmer of Mt. Joy township, married a Witmer; on the maternal side the grandfather was Martin Nissley, who also lived on a large farm in the same township ; his wife was a Hershey. No records of that township would be complete without extended reference being made to each of these families. Rev. Daniel Wolgemuth grew up in a Chris- tian home, and was taught the value of honest in- dustry and the benefits of a moral life. It has been said that the environment of early life very often determines its course, and this has been the case with Mr. Wolgemuth. He was born and reared on a farm, and has enjoyed agricultural life through many years. After his marriage he left the home roof and rented one of his father's farms for a space of five years, later becoming its owner, and until 1901 he continued in its active operation. Although an excellent farmer and good manager, Mr. Wolgemuth had the advantage of being able to turn his mind to still higher things, -and in 1882 was ordained a minister in the religious body known both as River Brethren and Brethren in Christ. He is a vigorous and convincing preacher, and is regarded with esteem and affection through- out the locality visited in his ministerial labors. Since 190 1 he has taken no active part in farming operations, thus being able to give more time to his other calling. The first marriage of Rev. Daniel Wolgemuth, solemnized Nov. 16, 1865, in Lancaster, was to Miss Anna Engle, and children were born to this union as follows: Hiram, who married Martha Musser, is a farmer in East Donegal township; Fanny married Aaron Heisey, a farmer of Rapho township ; Barbara married Isaac Ginder, of Rapho township; Anna became the wife of Levi Martin, a farmer of Rapho township ; Jacob married Mag- gie Keener, of Mt. Joy township; Joseph married Kate Brubaker, and is a farmer of Rapho town- ship; Daniel, who married Alice Sheets, is farming on the homestead; Ezra, Phares, Elizabeth, Lydia and Benjamin are all at home. Mrs. Anna (Engle) Wolgemuth was born in Rapho township Dec. 27, 1845, and died Jan. 21, 1900, at the age of fifty- four years. She was buried in the Mt. Pleasant Meeting House cemetery, in Mt. Joy township. Her parents were Jacob and Anna (Musser) Engle, the former a native of Conoy township, and the latter of East Donegal township. The father died May 29, 1892, at the age of eighty-six years, and was buried in the cemetery of the Cross Roads Meeting House, in East Donegal township. In his youth he was a fuller by trade, but later became an extensive farmer. The mother of the late Mrs. Wolgemuth resides with her son-in-law, a vener- able and beloved old lady, having been born March 19, 1812. Both she and husband early connected themselves with the River Brethren Church. Their children were as follows: John, who is a retired farmer in Dickinson county, Kans. ; Mary and Ben- jamin, who died young; Elizabeth (deceased), who married Henry Shelley; Susannah, who died young ; Henry, who is a farmer in Rapho town- ship ; Anna, who became the first wife of Rev. Daniel Wolgemuth ; Fanny, who became the sec- ond wife of R6v. Daniel Wolgemuth ; Martha, who died young; and Eli, who is a farmer in Rapho township. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Wol- gemuth were John and Elizabeth (Moyeir) Engle, the former of whom was born in Conoy township, Lancaster county, and the latter in York county. The maternal grandparents were Henry and Mary (Engle) Musser, both of Lancaster county. The second marriage of Rev. Daniel Wolge- muth, on Feb. 26, 1901, was to Mrs. Fanny (En- gle) Hess, who was the widow of Jacob L. Hess, a native of Pequea township, this county, who died April 6, 1897, aged seventy years. He was buried in the Pequea Church cemetery. His parents were Jacob and Elizabeth (Lichty) Hess, of Lancaster, county. Mr. Hess was well known in this county, and at the time of death was a retired farmer. He was a member of Zion Children Church. Rev. Daniel Wolgemuth is a man of force of character, honest and upright in his dealings with his fellow men, and enjoys a large measure of esteem in his locality. L. M. BRYSON, M. D., one of the well known physicians and surgeons of Lancaster county, a practitioner of Paradise township, is the grandson of William Bryson, who when a young man of BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 239 about eighteen emigrated from County Antrim, Ireland, to America, and located in Lancaster county. Here he married Martha Berkshieser, and became one of the successful and prominent farmers of Paradise township, amassing a handsome com- petence, including considerable farm property, Here in Paradise township, he spent the active and declining years of his life, having attained the ripe age of ninety-five years when summoned by death to his eternal home. Himself and wife were de- vout members of the Lutheran church. They reared a family of four children, namely: Mary, who be- came the wife of Jonathan Hoar, of Salisbury township, Lancaster county, and died a widow at the age of eighty-three years; John, a farmer near Ephrata ; James, a farmer, of Drumore township ; and William, the father of our subject. William Bryson, son of William and Martha Bryson, was born in Paradise township, Juiie 14, 181 2. He was reared on the home farm and fol- lowed agriculture through life, removing to Provi- dence township, where he acquired a farm. He married Martha Harsh, who was born in 1820, daughter of Jacob Harsh, of Paradise township. She died in 1852, leaving five children as follows : Jacob L., a resident of Columbia; Martha S., wife of Frederick Stively, of Strasburg township; Amanda R. ; L. M., our subject; and- William W., a resident of Quarryville. The father lived to a •good old age, dying in Providence township Oct. ■9, 1897, aged eighty-five years. Dr. L. M. Bryson was brought up on the farm in Providence township. As a boy he attended the public schools and was also a student at Millers- -ville State Normal. For two years he taught school. Preparation for his professional career was begun in the office of Dr. A. H. Helm, of New Providence, where he read medicine for a time. He then entered Jefferson Medical College of Phila- delphia, graduating from that institution in the class of 1879. Dr. Bryson located at Marticville, Martic town- ship, May 12, 1879, very shortly after his graduation, and there continued in the practice of his profes- sion until July 14, 1892, when he removed to Para- dise. Here he has since built up a large practice which he now enjoys. He is a member of the •County and State Medical Societies. Dr. Bryson was married, May 19, 1887, to Miss Susan M. Peoples, daughter of Abner and Martha Peoples, of New Providence. They have become the parents of two children, Rena V. and Park P. Both are active members of the Methodist Episcopal church, and are. highly esteemed for their eminent social qualities. THOMAS K. WORTHINGTON, of Lancas- ter City, is president of Worthington & Company, a corporation which transacts a conservative busi- ness in investment securities and commercial pa- per, with offices in the Woolworth Building. The parents of Thomas K. Worthington were Dr. Joshua H. and Mary Morris (Kimber) Worth- ington, and his paternal ancestral line reaches back to Capt. John Worthington, one' of the early set- tlers of the State of Maryland, who died in An- napolis in 1701. His maternal ancestry reaches back to Anthony Morris, who was the first mayor of Philadelphia. Mr. Worthington was liberally educated, grad- uating from Haverford (Pa.) College, in 1883, re- ceiving the degree of A. B. Taking a post-grad- uate course ih History and Political Science at Johns Hopkins University, he received the degree of Ph. D. in 1888. In 1890 he graduated from the Law School of the University of Maryland, receiv- ing the degree of LL. B., and is a member of the Baltimore Bar. Mr. Worthington is the author of a monograph entitled "Historical Sketch of Pennsylvania Fin- ance and Taxation," which was published by the American Economic Association. During 1892 and 1893 he filled the position of managing editor of the Baltimore News, the leading evening paper of the South. From 1894 to 1899 he was presi- dent of the Maryland Title Insurance & Trust Company, of Baltimore, and in 1899 he removed to Lancaster and opened an office for the transaction of an investment brokerage business. On Jan. i, 1903, Mr. Worthington transferred his business to Worthington & Company, a cor- poration of which he is president and general man- ager. Some of the largest financial interests in the United States are represented among the stock- holders of the company. HENRY A. MOWERY, M. D., of Marietta, one of the most distinguished and successful phy- sicians of that borough, was born in Strasburg, Lancaster county, April 14, 1849, son of Adam and Susan (Zercher) Mowery, natives, respectively, of West Lampeter and Manor townships, this county. Adam Mowery was a farmer, and for thirteen years was a school director in his township. He died in Strasburg township, Oct. 17, 1895, at the age of seventy-two years ; his widow, who was born in 1826, is now living with her daughter, Amanda E., in West Lampeter township. Mrs. Mowery is a devout member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and in that faith her husband passed away. To Mr. and Mrs. Adam Mowery were born five children, viz. : Henry A. ; Anna C, wife of Harry G. Book, surveyor and scrivener at Lancaster; Amanda E., married to Edward Le- fever, a farmer in West Lampeter township ; Aldus J., telegraph operator at Lancaster; and Adam C, railroad engineer at Chillicothe, Missouri. The paternal grandparents of Henry A. Mow- ery were Henry and Christiann Mowery, of West Lampeter township; and the paternal great-grand- parents were natives of Germany. By calling Henry Mowery was a lifelong farmer. The Doctor's ma- 240 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ternal grandparents were Henry and Anna Zer- cher, of Manor township, Lancaster county, and York county, Pa., respectively, and also of Ger- man descent. Henry Zercher was a miller by trade, and for many years operated a mill in IMillersville, Lancaster county. Henry A. Alowery remained on the home farm until twenty-two years old, and then began teaching school in Strasburg township, a vocation he fol- lowed for eight winters intermittently, continuing to work on the farm in the summer seasons. After his first year at teaching he was employed one year in the Strasburg Bank, as individual bookkeeper, and then resumed teaching. While thus employed he was also busily engaged in the study of medi- cine, and when duly prepared entered the College of Physicians and Surgeon's, at Baltimore, Md., graduating March i, 1881. For six months he practiced his profession in Akron, Lancaster covm- ty. He then came to Marietta, where his practice has since been of the most successful character, and remuneratively satisfactory. On Septf 5, 1872, in Adams county. Dr. Mow- ery was united in matrimony with Miss Isabella Weaver, who has borne him two children: John N., a graduate from Cornell University in the me- chanical engineering department, and Harold W., still at home. Dr. Mowery is a past master of the F. & A. M. In politics he is a Republican, was school director two terms, and for the past five years has been president of the board of health. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church, and socially he and his wife mingle with the best circles of Marietta and surrounding country. Professionally the Doc- tor stands without a rival in his borough or town- ship. ROBERT JOHN HOUSTON, best known in the business circles of Lancaster as a wholesale notion dealer, has long been regarded as one of that city's most active business men. He was born in Maghera, County Londonderry, Ireland, Jan. 16, 1832. The family of which he is an honored mem- ber was for many years identified with the history of Scotland, Sir George L. Houston still owning "Houston Castle," in Renfrewshire, near Johnstone, the history of which dates back to the twelfth cen- tury. About that time Sir Hugh de Padvinan, of French origin, engaged to fight for Malcolm IV, King of Scotland, and for compensation was granted the lands of Kilpeter, Straithgrief, where he built a castle. His Scotch neighbors, unable to pronounce his French name, called his place "Hughstown," which in course of time was corrupted to Houston. Two of his descendants emigrated into Ireland late in the seventeenth century, and settled in County Londonderry. One of them, Robert, was granted three townships of land, and it is from this branch of the family that Robert John Flouston is de- scended. David Houston, father of Robert J., was born Aug. II, 181 1, and being the youngest of three sons did not inherit under the English law of primo- geniture. He married Margaret Neal ; the latter de- scended from the O'Neills of Ulster, and they emi- grated to America in August, 1832. The voyage to America lasted sixty-three days, and was perilous, but they finally reached Philadelphia, where they took passage on a Conestoga wagon for Bart town- ship, Lancaster county, where Mr. Houston's aunt, Mrs. Thomas Patterson, resided. In the spring of 1833 they went to housekeeping near his aunt's home, but shortly afterward, through the solicita- tion of his brother Henry, he moved to Ogdensburg, N. Y., and went into the boot and shoe business with John Harper. The climate, however, was not con- genial, fever and ague prevailing, and he returned to Lancaster county with his family in 1837, arriv- ing there with only fifty cents in his pocket, and five persons depending on him for support. He at once began to work at his trade of shoemaker, and, being a skillful workman, soon had a large patronage, con- tinuing in that business until 1850. David and Mar- garet Houston were the parents of four children, all of whom are living, namely: Robert J., subject of this sketch, borji, as already stated, in Ireland; Jo- seph W^, M. D., a practicing physician of Lancaster; Rose Ann, Avife of William A. Fleming, a farmer of Chester county ; and Samuel N., M. D., a physician of Washington, D. C. The parents were members of the Octoraro United Presbyterian Church. The mother died March ■2.6, 1883, at the age of seventy- eight. The father, who spent the closing years of his life with his daughter, Mrs. Fleming, at Colla- mer, Chester county, died July 12, 1895, at the ma- ture age of eighty- three years, eleven months, one day. Robert John Houston was an infant when his parents crossed the ocean, and was reared in Lan- caster county with the- exception of the eighteen months spent in Ogdensburg, N. Y. Residing at what is now known as Bartville, he attended at the "brick" school, as it was called, and the well-known compiler and editor, John F. Meginness, was one of his schoolmates ; the two boys had an exciting race to see which would get through Pike's Arithmetic first, and Houston, several years the younger, was ahead for a long time, but he fell sick, and lost. He afterward attended the academy conducted by Prof. James McCoUough, for two years. In his early life he taught school for a time, commencing Nov. 23, 1846, when fourteen years and ten months old, and was probably the youngest teacher in the county ; in his first school, at INTar's Hill, this, county, he had seventeen pupils older than himself. In 185 1 he en- tered the store of T. Armstrong & Co., at George- town, as a clerk, and remained there for two years, after which he engaged in business for himself at Bethania, in Salisbury township, conducting a gen- eral store as a member of the firm of D. Houston & Son. The business was continued until 1867. Mr. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 241 Houston took part in the Civil war, enlisting in 1862, and was present at Antietam with the 2d Penn- sylvania Regiment, under Col. John L. Wright, / which, he says, got more scaring and less fighting than any other regiment in the army, the whole corps being under that born fighter. Major Gen. John F. Reynolds. Dissolving partnership with his father in 1867, Mr. Houston left for Lancaster, where he was appointed deputy assessor in the In- ternal Revenue office. In 1868 he was a delegate from Lancaster county to the National Convention at Chicago which nominated Grant and Colfax. In May, 1869, he resigned his office of deputy, and went, into cork manufacturing as one of the proprie- tors of the Conestoga Cork Works. In 1870 the factory was burned, and the company dissolved. Mr. Houston then turned his attention to a matter he had frequently considered before, and soon decided to start in the wholesale notion business in Lancaster, doing so against the advice and remonstrances of every one of his friends, who could see nothing but financial disaster and ruin in such a movement. At that time the only wholesale establishment in Lan- caster was a small grocery store just started in one corner of a railroad warehouse by B. P. Miller, who was the pioneer wholesaler of Lancaster county. On Sept. I, 1870, Mr. Houston, with the scanty •capital of $8,000 (partly borrowed), opened the wholesale notion business on the second floor of No. 24 Center Square. His first employe, and the only one for some months, was a boy of sixteen years, named Harry C. Bubb (now deceased). He charged up the goods sold, made bills, and carried out pack- ages, while Mr. Houston sold and packed the goods in daytime, and settled his bills and drew checks at night. His first month's sales were slightly over $1,800, and increased rapidly every month for years. The business grew much faster than his capital did, and for several years he had a hard struggle to give credit to his customers and at the same time make all the cash discounts allowed by manufacturers or their agents. He recalls with some pride an incident of the day on which Jay Cooke & Co. failed, in 1873. He was in Philadelphia, and had bought heavily, his largest bill being with Kibbe, Colladay ,& Trout, on Bank street, who were manufacturers' agents, con- trolling the best lines of knit goods and domestic notions then made. Late in the afternoon Mr. Houston heard that Jay Cooke & Co. had failed. He was frightened, feeling that it would precipitate a panic, and he walked around to the banking house to assure himself of the fact. It was too true. To prepare as best he could for the struggle, he walked slowly around to the Bank street house, and met one of the partners at the door. He said to him, "I have just been around at Jay Cooke & Co.'s place, and I want to know if I can steal a few days from you if I cannot pay this bill in ten days," and the answer was, "Do you know what I would do if I was in vour place? I would steal a few days from our house whenever I felt like it." Mr. Houston says he did steal a few days, but never forgot the house for it. He gradually came to occupy the third and fourth floors of the building, and then added Nos. 25 and 26, adjoining. He continued in the business for thirty years and three months, closing out the last of his stock Nov. 30, 1900. Mr. Houston has been engaged in many other enterprises, but regards the establishing of the wholesale notion business here as his principal work. At present Lancaster sends out perhaps one hundred travelers who sell exclusively at wholesale to dealers, and millions of dollars worth of merchandise are shipped annually. Mr. Houston was a leading factor in establish- ing the Helvetia Leather Co., of Lancaster, was its first president, and still retains that position. The company makes a machinery leather which has three times the strength of oak tanned leather. Mr. Houston was also one of the organizers of the Houston Coal & Coke Co., and served for a time as its president, but has recently sold his stock in the company ; the plant is located at Elkhorn, McDowell Co., W. Va., and has a capacity of 500,000 tons per annum. Mr. Houston is a director and vice-presi- dent of the Susquehanna Iron & Steel Co., which owns and runs two furnaces (one at Wrightsville, York county, and one at Vesta, Lancaster county), four rolling mills and a tube works at Columbia and one rolling mill at York, Pa. Mr. Houston became a Greenbacker in politics in 1877, and in 1886 was that party's nominee for governor of Pennsylvania, receiving the full party vote. Issues since that time having changed, he supported Harrison for President in 1892 and McKinley in 1896 and again in 1900. As early as 1857 he was elected a member of the board of prison inspectors, and served in that capacity until 1861. In 1862 he helped form the Union League of Salisbury township, and was its president during its existence. During the memor- able election of 1886 for members of the British House of Commons, Mr. Houston , assisted in or- ganizing Branch No. 694, of the Irish National League of America, at Lancaster, of which he was elected president. This branch, with only thirty members, sent more than $2,000 to Ireland to aid in that struggle. After the division in the Irish ranks, growing out of the Parnell scandal, his branch sur- rendered its charter, and organized the James Stew- art Branch of the Irish Federation of America, of which Mr. Houston was again made president. His loyalty to Ireland has never interfered with his de- votion to the best interests of his adopted country. He is especially interested in the welfare of Lancas- ter county — the richest county in the United States. He has been associated with many other enterprises, but the foregoing are sufficient to illustrate his public spirit and energy. Mr. Houston was united in marriage, in 1882, with Margaret A., daughter of Thomas A. Wiley, boot and shoe merchant of Lancaster. They had one child, Margaret Olive, who graduated from Miss Carey's Southern Home School, of Baltrmore, Md., 16 242 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and was married Feb. 19, 1901, to Benjamin Champ- neys Atlee, a member of the Lancaster Bar. Mrs. Houston died Sept. 5, 1902, and was buried in Greenwood cemetery, at Lancaster. She was a mem- ber of St. Paul's German Reformed Church of Lan- caster. Mr. Houston, while assisting liberally all deserving religious, charitable and educational insti- tutions, has not united with any church. REV. LEVI H. WEAVER. The assertion that Rev. Levi H. Weaver is one of the best farm- ers as well as one of the most able and acceptable pastors of the Reformed Mennonite Church in Lan- caster county, can easily be accepted when it is remembered that his revered father was also prom- inent in both lines. Levi H. Weaver was born in this county, near Little Washington, in Manor township, Aug. 10, 1849, son of Rev. Henry and Anna (Howery) Weaver. Henry Weaver was born in Lancaster county Oct. 29, 1815, and spent his entire life here, dying in Strasburg township Sept. 29, 1898. Fol- lowing his marriage he located in Strasburg town- ship, near the borough, for a short time, and then moved to Manor township, where he purchased a farm, near Little Washington, but remained only a few years, when he sold it and removed to Para- dise township, buying a farm there which he owned for thirty-one years, and operated some twenty-five years of that time. It comprised sev- enty-two acres of valuable land. When he left that property he came to Strasburg township and purchased a small tract of fourteen acres within one-half mile of the borough, and there spent the remainder of his life. Prior to this he bought a farm of fifty-three acres adjoining his home place, and that place, now comprising sixty-seven acres, all in one tract, was owned and operated by his son, Levi H., for three years. Rev. Henry Weaver was a very successful agri- culturist, and made many valuable improvements on all the land he operated. A man of unobtrusive piety, he became a beloved minister in the Reformed Mennonite Church, was ordained by Bishop John Kohr, and labored in Lancaster county. He mar- ried Anna Howery, who was born April 23, 1822, and still survives, beloved and respected by the neighborhood. Four children were born to this marriage : John H., a resident of East Lampeter township ; Henry H., who died in 1881 at the age of thirty-five; Anna H., who resides with her mother; and Rev. Levi H. As the youngest of the family Levi H. Weaver remained at home as his father's assistant on the farm, and was educated in the public schools. In 1874 he began farming on his own account on his father's property in Paradise township, remaining thereon until his father disposed of it, and then in 1881 located on the fine farm in Strasburg town- ship, previously mentioned, from which he moved to the borough of Strasburg. He had bought a property on Miller street, in the borough, compris- ing twelve acres, where he resides. On Nov. 13, 1877, Miss Ella W. Frealich, daughter of Jacob and Leah (Weaver) Frealich, \ became the wife of Mr. Weaver, and two children have come to this union: Anna F., born Aug. 31, 1879; and Emma L., born May 17, 1882. On Oct. IS, 1902, Anna F. became the wife of Park H. Trout, son of Elam B. and Catherine Trout, of Strasburg township, and they reside in the city of Lancaster. The father of Mrs. Weaver, who was a blacksmith of Strasburg, died in 1857. The mother later married Martin Cassel, who died at Witmer, this county, April 15, 1898; he had long been connected with the Reformed Mennonite Church, with which Mrs. Cassel also united. Her two children are: Anna E., wife of J. H. Scott, of Philadelphia; and Ella W., the wife of Levi H. Weaver. Mr. and Mrs. Weaver became connected with the Reformed Mennonite Church in 1878, and on April 28, 1884, Bishop Elias H. Hershey confirmed Mr. Weaver as a minister. Although his field of labor is Lancaster county, he is frequently called to other churches in different parts of the country, as he is highly regarded by his brethren. For six- teen years he has been engaged in fighting evil, and by his advice and example has aided in the suppression of immorality, and his career has been one of steadily increasing usefulness. TOBIAS S. SHOOKERS, proprietor of the leading drug store in Mountville, Lancaster county, was born in that town Nov.- 4, 1841, son of Henry C. and Susannah (Snyder) Shookers, who were born, respectively, in East and West Hempfield townships, Lancaster county, were married July 26, 1827, and at once settled in Mountville. Henry C. Shookers was born Oct. 10, 1801, was a farmer and druggist, and died in June, 1871. Mrs. Susan- nah Shooker, who was born March 25, 1812, died in 1 89 1. Both were members of the German Bap- tist Church. Of their eleven children, Elizabeth, born June 5, 1828, died in infancy; Samuel, born Dec. 20, 1829, died in 1897; Mary Ann, born May 17, 1832, died in infancy; John, born Aug. 17, 1833, died in 1837; Henry, born Sept. 3, 1836, is a merchant in Mountville; Benjamin, born Oct. 25, 1839, died young; Tobias S. is mentioned be- low; Simon, born April 10, 1844, Catherine, Nov. 25, 1845, Mattie, April 4, 1847-, and Susanna, June 19, 1848, all died .young. John and Elizabeth (Shriner) Schucker, the pa- ternal grandparents of Tobias S., were natives of the lower end of Lancaster county. It may be here explained that the original spelling of the name was the same as that used by the grandparents, and was changed by a schoolmaster. John . and Elizabeth Schucker early settled in West Hempfield township, and it is related that George Washing- ton once held court in the old Schucker homestead BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 243 in Mountville. John Shucker was a farmer, and about 1825 removed from Lancaster to Lebanon county, Pa.; there he passed the remainder of his hfe, dying at the greatly advanced age of ninety- eight years ; his wife had already passed away, after their removal to Lebanon county, and there both were interred. To this couple were born seven children, all now deceased, namely: John, Michael, Daniel, Henry C, Jacob, Elizabeth (who died un- married) and Catherine (married). Casper and Sabina (Conhaus) Snyder, mater- nal grandparents of Tobias S. Shookers, were na- tives, respectively, of Lancaster and Adams counties, Pa., and settled in Mountville about 1777. Casper Snyder was a blacksmith by trade, and in connec- tion with his calling was for many years landlord of the "Black Bear Hotel," in Mountville. He had accumulated about $17,000 through good manage- ment, but lost all his fortune by going security (or bail) for friends, and died two years later, in 1818. The children born to Casper and Sabina Snyder were seven in number, all now deceased, viz. : John ; Casper ; Jacob ; Catherine, wife of Henry Mellinger; Elizabeth, who was married to Benjamin Brookhart ; Mary, wife of Jacob Rich ; and Susannah, who married Henry C. Shookers. Tobias S. Shookers lived on the home farm until twenty years of age, and then clerked in his father's drug store seven years, at the end of which period he purchased the store, and has since con- tinued the business on his own account, having now the best equipped and oldest pharmacy in Mountville. On Aug. 16, 1866, in Lancaster city, Tobias S. Shookers married Harriet A. Sneath, and to this union have been born four children, of whom Ida, the eldest, died young; Mary, John M., and Tobias C. are still under the parental roof. Mrs. Harriet A. (Sneath) Shookers was born in East Hemp- field township, Dec. 9, 1846, daughter of Michael and Mary (Sechrist) Sneath, of East and West Hempfield townships, respectively. Michael Sneath was a farmer by occupation, but in i860 retired with his wife to Mt)untville, where he died in 1861, when fifty years old; his remains were buried at Silver Spring. His wife survived until 1896, being called away at the age of eighty-nine years, and -was buried in Mountville cemetery. To their mar- riage were born two children: Harriet A., now Mrs. Shookers ; and Henry, who died young. Mrs. Mary (Sechrist) Sneath first married Abraham Bowers, to whom she bore six children, viz. : John ; Michael ; Abraham ; Anna, wife of Fred Sener. a cattle dealer of Lancaster ; Mary, widow of Jacob Kready, of East Hempfield; and Leah, wife of Washington Kreiter, of Lancaster city. Tobias S. Shookers is in politics a Republican, but he has never been ambitious as far as office- holding goes, being contented with attending to his business. He keeps his drug store replenished with fresh stock continuously, and this is one of the secrets of his business success. He is a stock- holder in the Mountville National Bank. Socially the Shookers family stands very high, as it has been known in the county for generations past, with never a stain on its good name. THADDEUS S. IRWIN, M. D., whose home and office are at Christiana, where his professional acquirements, his warm and sympathetic nature, and his fine personal characteristics, have won him a host of friends, is one of the leading physicians of that part of Lancaster county, and enjoys a widely extended practice. William Ifwin, his grandfather, was all his life engaged in milling in Chester county. Pa. He mar- ried Christiana Plank, and they had the following children: James, a miller, who sleeps in the Ir- win burying ground; Plank, a resident of New Holland, further mention of whom is made else- where ; Commodore ; Dr. William, mentioned be- low ; and Martha, widow of Lewis Emory, who has her home in Coatesville. Dr. William Irwin, son of William, and father of Dr. Thaddeus S., was born at Irwin's Mills, Honeybrook, Chester Co., Pa., Sept. 16, 1827, and died in the house which is the present home of his family, Nov. 13, 1877. His ashes rest in the cemetery connected with the Friends Meeting House in Sadsbury township. He was a physician of re- pute, and in his lifetime enjoyed a professional standing second to none in the community where his active years were passed. He was reared on the farm, and as a boy was inured to hard labor. In early manhood he assisted in his father's mill, and was taught that to labor is the lot of man. He studied medicine under Dr. Joseph Gaston, of Honeybrook, and received his doctor's degree from Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, in 1856. He practiced medicine at Smyrna, Lancaster coun- ty, until 1865, when he removed to Christiana, where he soon built up a large practice. For six weeks he did not secure a full night's sleep, and as a result of this prolonged strain his health broke down and fatal sickness came upon him. On Feb. 21, 1857, in Guthriesville, Chester coun- ty, Dr. William Irwin married Eliza Jane Mullin, and the following children were born of this union : Sarah A. married Joseph E. Janney, a broker in Philadelphia; Charles M. (i) and Charles M. (2) both died in infancy ; Emma B. married William E. Bruce, and is deceased ; Mary E. married Eslie H. Keene, who is engaged in the bakery business at Christiana ; Dr. Thaddeus S. is mentioned be- low ; William Mullin is next in the family ; Eva E. married Samuel Martin, a resident of Sadsbury township. Mrs. Eliza Jane (Mullin) Irwin was born in Guthriesville, Chester county, March 18, 1833, daughter of John S. and Sarah (Gutherie) Mullin, of Chester county, where her father was a farmer all his days. He was justice of the peace many years, and held many local and county posi- 244 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY tions of prominence. One year he ran for Congress on the Democratic ticket, but failed of election. He died in 1842, at the age of fifty-two, his widow surviving until 1879, when she too passed away, at the advanced age of seventy-nine years. Both wer^ members of the Methodist Church. They were the parents of the following children: Will- iam G., Mary A. (who married James Griffith), Isabelle, Hannah (who married William McFar- land), Sarah (who married Washington Wilker- son), Anna (who married Jesse Rogers), James and Emma are all deceased; John is a retired mer- chant of considerable prominence ati.West Chester, Pa. ; and Eliza J. is 'Mrs. Irwin. Dr. Thaddeus S. Irwin, noted above as the leading physician at Christiana, remained at home with his parents, and attended the district school, receiving his medical education at Jefferson College, from which he was graduated in 1887. His resi- dence in Christiana has brought him into close con- tact with the best elements of that' community, and he has been elected to the Borough Council, and in 1901 was elected school director. In religion he is a Methodist, and belongs to the local church of that order, .which he is serving as a member of its board of trustees. His political views are in sympathy with those of the Republican party, and he is one of the leading men in the local organization of that party. Dr. Irwin bears an hdhored name, which suffers nothing at his hands. JOSEPH W. HOUSTON, M. D., of Lancaster city, was bom in Colerain township, Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. The Doctor's parents, David and Margaret Houston, emigrated from Ireland in 1832, and set- tled in Bart township, Lancaster Co., Pa. On the paternal side his ancestors were Scotch-Irish, de- scended from Hugo Padvinan, a Gael who held the Barony of Kilpeter (afterward Houston), in Straith- grief, under patent of Malcolm IV, A. D. 1160. The ]Daternal great-grandmother, Elizabeth Porter, was a Huguenot from Alsace. C)n the maternal side the Doctor's line of ancestry extends to Hugh O'Neill, Ear! of Tyrone, Ireland, from whom the Neals of the United States are descended, the late Mrs. Benja- min Harrison and Grover Cleveland's mother being cousins of Margaret Neal . Houston, the Doctor's mother. The children of David and Margaret Hous- ton are : Robert John, Dr. Joseph W., both of Lan- caster ; Rose, widow of W. A. Fleming, of Chester county. Pa. ; and Dr. Sam, Medical Referee of the Pension Office, Washington, D. C, who so closely resembles "Joe" that many persons cannot tell which is Joe and which is Sam. David Houston and family removed from Lancaster county to Ogdensburg, N. Y., but returned in 1837 to Bart township, and, afterward removed to Salisbury township, this county. Dr. Joe Houston, as he is known, attended the public schools "The Brick" and "Mars Hill," in Bart township. Rock Mills Academy, Bartville Acad- emy and the Millersville Normal School. He gradu- ated from Jefferson Medical College in the class of 1857, and succeeded to Dr. Obed Bailey's practice, at Andrews Bridge, Colerain township. Later he located" at Collamer, Chester county, and thence went to Oxford, Chester county, and in 1893 he came to Lancaster city. Dr. Houston first married Isabella Barefoot, who. died in 1866. Two children of this union survive: Louisa, wife of William M. Foulk, of Collamer, Chester county, and M. M. Houston, passenger, con- ductor on the Schuylkill branch of the Pennsylvania railroad and residing in Norristown. In 1868 Dr. Houston married Esther, youngest daughter of Abraham Rakestraw, of Octoraro, Lancaster county. Three children of this marriage are living : W. W. Houston, proprietor of the International Publishing Company, No. 44 North Fourth street, Philadelphia; O. O. Houston, in the service of the Illinois Central Railway Co., and Lenora, a graduate of Swarthmore College, at home. During the early days of the Civil war Dr. Hous- .ton organized a company of one hundred men known as the "Wayne Grays," nearly all of whom- entered the 97th P. V. I. Amongst the number was the late Congressman, Hon. Marriott Brosius, LL. D. In the spring of 1862 Dr. Houston was commissioned assistant surgeon of Pennsylvania Volunteers, and assigned to the 72d Regiment, P. V. I. (Baxter's Fire Zouaves). After serving in the battles of the Peninsula, South Mountain and Antietam, in November, 1862, in consequence of wounds and disease contracted in the army, he was mustered out of service. Having recovered- the Doctor again en- tered the service, as surgeon of Pennsylvania Volun- teers, in the spring of 1863, and was assigned to the 43d Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteer Militia; it was said he was the youngest major in the army of the Potomac. He was mustered out with the Regiment, and assigned to the Invalid Corps. Dr. Houston acted as volunteer aid for Gen. O. O. Howard at the second battle of Bull Rim, and at the fight at South Mountain, and the General speaks in the highest terms of the Doctor's bravery and effi- ciency. The horse which the Doctor rode in those battles was twice wounded in the engagements. The Doctor was twice wounded 'during his service, first at Malvern Hill, in tne leg, and again at Falls Church, in the breast and arm, but he remained on duty in both instances. Gen. Howard, who was in command of the Philadelphia Briga;de at the second battle of Bull Run, says that the Doctor volunteered to do what he would not ask an aid to attempt — to bring the 72d Pennsylvanians, the Doctor's own regiment, out of a wooded ravine along Cub Run, on the Bull Run battlefield, when they were about to be enfiladed with grape and canister from a Rebel battery. To do this it was necessary to pass through the fire of a brigade of Rebel infantry, and to be subjected to the fusillade of sharpshooters. To the great joy of Ju^f S^» BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 245 the General the Doctor escaped untouched, and feaved his regiment, aUhough he disobeyed his Gen- eral's order, to lie down on his horse, but obeved the injunction not to stop in his perilous ride. On the afternoon of the day of the battle of Antietam, Sept. 17, 1862, Dr. Houston was detailed to take the wounded officers of Sedgwick's Division (2d Divi- sion, 26. Army Corps) well to the rear, and estab- lish a hospital for wounded officers (which he did at Keedysville) and see that they were not captured, as they counted so high in the exchange of prisoners ; but Dr. Houston knew no difference between a wounded officer and a wounded private, and his hospital included 227 wounded officers and 516 pri- vates — ^^entailing three times the work upon him and his assistant. Amongst the officers in his charge were Major Gens. Sedgwick, Dana, Wister and Bar- low, Brig. Gens. Owens, Pell and Smith, and many colonels, majors, captains, and lieutenants who afterward became officers of high rank. Dr. Houston was not disposed to be governed by regular army discipline, as a result of which he has yet three court martials hanging over him, the first for stopping Gen. McClellan's headquarter hospital wagon, and taking therefrom stores for the Doctor's hospital ; the second for seizing and killing five fat cattle for the use of his wounded ; and the third for confiscating about two cords of bread, which an en- terprising speculative person had brought out from Washington, to sell to wounded soldiers at twenty- five cents a loaf, small at that — these appropriations hef ore the army stores arrived. On another occasion, ■when; after a forced march of ninety-six nours, with only ten hours rest, with men falling from exhaus- tion from the ranks, and only 127 men and two offi- cers. Dr. Houston and Lieut, (afterward Major) Lockhart in command, formed in line of battle to re- lieve the Pennsylvania Reserves, at second Bull Run, Gen. Sedgwick ordered eight days rations for 127 men — no provisions for over 700 who were in line in the morning, having come up during the night — Dr. Houston promptly reported over 700 men in hospital, and drew rations for them for eight days, thus frustrating Gen. Sedgwick's intended punish- ment for falling out of ranks. Dr. Houston was professor of Natural Science in Lincoln University for six years, lecturing on Organized Matter, Physiology. Natural History and Botany, and was Dean of the Faculty of the Medical Department, for four years, and for fifteen years was surgeon to the Maryland division of the Pennsyl- vania railroad. He was a member for many years of the State and American (National) Medical Socie- ties : was vice-president of the Pennsylvania State Society, and three times represented the State in the National Society, once as chairman of the State delegation. Dr. Houston was president of the Ox- ford board of pension examiners for four years, and he Fays he enjoys the distinction of being the first Federal official removed by President Cleveland upon his inauguration as President of the LTnited States, which removal the Doctor says he merited, being an offensive partisan. The Doctor was appointed mem- ber of the Lancaster board of pension examiners, of which he is now president, upon the last day of Cleve- land's administration. Dr. Houston located in Lan- caster in 1893, first on East Orange street. He re- moved to North Shippen street and in 1895 pur- chased the property at No. 238 East King street, and after some improvements removed to it, his present residence, where he enjoys an extensive practice Dr. Houston is a past master in Masonry, a mem- ber of G. A. R. Post, No. 84, and a member of the Presbyterian Church. In politics he is an ardent Re- publican, and has been a popular and much sought campaign orator since i860. Although frequently a delegate to Republican county and State conven- tions, the Doctor has always declined all offers of political preferment, content to devote his time and talents to the pursuit of his chosen profession, in which he has been successful. In recognition of his prominence as a campaign speaker. Dr. Houston has been twice elected president of the' Spellbinders' A.ssociation, composed of the campaign orators of Lancaster county. As a debater the Doctor stands pre-eminent ; but few are willing to meet him in discussion — his commanding appearance, self-con- trol, eloquence, wit, and, if need be, sarcasm, are factors his opponents dread. From boyhood Dr. Houston has been a total ab- stainer from all intoxicating beverages. Not this alone, but he has been an earnest and powerful ad- vocate, and has contributed freely of his time, labor and money to the uplifting of those of his fellowmen who have fallen from too free indulgence in strong drink. In this connection it is interesting to note that the Doctor's brothers, like himself, have been abstainers from intoxicating liquors all their lives. In addition to the interesting connections noted above Dr. Houston is a charter member (and treas- urer) of the Lancaster County Historical Society, and we can close this sketch in no more pleasing way than to quote a part of a letter written and published by "John of Lancaster," who was none other than the late John F. Meginness, the projector of these Biographical Annals. This letter was published on Oct. 15, 1897, and refers largely to the lower (south- ern) end of Lancaster county, and it contains among much else that is interesting this reference to Dr, Houston as an Historian ; "In early days Bartville was known as Coulter's Corner. Here 'once dwelt Dr. J. W. Flouston and his brothers, Robert J. and Dr. Sam. They, too, are numbered among the old schoolmates who attended 'The Brick' in the forties. Dr. J.'W. Houston has long been recognized as one of the most accomplished, painstaking and reliable historical writers in the county. His recent papers read before the Lancaster Cbuntv Historical Society on the 'Lost Industries of the East Branch of the Octoraro,' 'Charcoal Burning in Octoraro Valley,' 'Flax Culture in Southern Lancaster Countv,' and 246 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY those on 'The Early Schoolmasters,' are all exceed- ingly interesting and valuable contributions to local history. Dr. Houston's memorial address upon the life and services of the Hon. Marriott Brosius, LL. D., published in the Congressional Record Feb. I, 1902, attracted the attention of many leading Congressmen. In a private letter from Judge Calder- head, of Kansas, member of House of Representa- tives, to Dr. Houston, the Judge characterizes the address as one of the finest ever presented in the House, and such a tribute of life friendship that he thought it should be preserved in this place among the national archives." JACOB H. WITMER, general bookkeeper of the Mountville National Bank, a local preacher in the U. B. Church, and an ex-Union soldier, was born Dec. 11, 1841, on a farm lying one hundred yards north of Mountville, Lancaster Co., Pa., son of Hon. Daniel W. and Anna (Hershey) Witmer, who were natives of Manor township, but who died in Mountville. Hon. Daniel W. Witmer was a drover and mer- chant at Mountville, where he conducted a store for many years — from about 1842 until 1861. He was twice elected to the State Legislature as a Republican, and was a director in the Columbia National Bank until his death, in 1896, at the age of eighty-eight years. His wife died in 1868, when she was fifty-eight years old. She was a devout member of the United Brethren Church. Their remains repose side by side in the cemetery at Mountville. The children born to Daniel W. and Anna (Hershey) Witmer were: Mary, who died in 1893, wife of David H. Weidler; Benjamin, who was a merchant and postmaster at Mountville for many years, and died in 1863 ; Elizabeth, wife of Jacob Sneath, of Columbia; Catherine, who is mar- ried to Levi Meyers, a tobacco dealer in Lancaster ; Elias, who was killed at the battle of Chickamauga ; Abraham, who had enlisted, but returned sick from the army, and died at home in 1863 ; Jacob H., whose name opens this article ; Henry, at Lancas- ter, a merchant; and Sarah, who died young. Daniel and Elizabeth (Wisler) Witmer, the pa- ternal grandparents of Jacob H. Witmer, were farming people in Manor township, where the grandfather died; the grandmother died in Mount- ville. They were the parents of the following named children : Hon. Daniel W. ; Jacob, who died in Mountville; and Elizabeth, widow of Ben- jamin Hershey, who moved to the West, engaged in the lumber business and in horse trading, be- came Mayor of Muscatine, Iowa, and died in Chi- cago, while on a visit to the World's Fair. The maternal grandparents were Abraham and Mary (Herr) Hershey, the former of whom was a farmer and a minister of the pioneer United Brethren Church in Manor township, in which township he and his wife passed their entire existence. Jacob' H. Witmer attended the public schools of Mountville until seventeen years old, and in 1859 began teaching, a vocation he followed until 1887, when he was appointed to his present responsible position in the Mountville National Bank, and in which he has given equally as great satisfaction as he did when a teacher. In 1865, in Mountville, Jacob H. Witmer mar- ried Mary C. Marks, who was born in Willow street, Lancaster county, daughter of John and Margaret (Ferguson) Marks, natives, respectively, of Providence township and Mountville, Lancaster county. John Marks was a tailor, and about 1841, settled in Mountville, where he and his wife passed the remainder of their days. They were the par- ents of seventeen children, of whom seven are still living. To Jacob H. and Mary C. (Marks) wit- mer have been born no children. Jacob H. Witmer and his wife are members of the United Brethren Church, of which he is a trus- tee and a local minister, and he has been a teacher of the senior Sunday-school class for fifteen years. He is a member of the G. A. R. His army experience was brief. He enlisted in September, 1861, at Lancaster, in the 79th P. V. I., for three years, but at the expiration of nine months had become so emaciated that he was honorably discharged at Nashville, Tenn., owing to general disability, with the rank of corporal. CHRISTIAN F. CHARLES is a prosperous farmer of Manor township, Lancaster county, as were also his father and grandfather. The latter, Jacob Charles, married a Miss Herr. Christian H. Charles, father of Christian. F., married Fannie Forrey, daughter of Daniel Forrey and Catherine Kanffman. Mrs. Charles is yet living, at the age of seventy-three. Christian H. Charles passed from earth in 1892, in his seventy-fourth year. The farm which he owned, and on which his ten children were born, was situated two miles south of Mountville. It con- sisted of 173 acres, which after his death was divided among his heirs'> Christian F. Charles now occupies the old homestead, and owns and farms 106 acres around it. Both father and son espoused the principles of the Democrats, and the latter still adheres to the tenets of that party. Their tastes being domestic, however, neither ever sought the distinction of holding office. The elder Mr. Charles was a Mennonite in his religious creed, and reared his family in the same faith. His children were ten in number, viz: Catherine, Amos, Adeline, Anna, Levi, Emma, Christian F., Fannie, Ellen and Clayton. All but Adeline, who died in childhood, grew to maturity. Catherine is the wife of Christian Hoffman, of East Hemp- field. Amos is a dealer in coal and lumber, in Rohrerstown: he married Mary Bowers. Anna (deceased) was the wife of Benjamin Mellinger. Levi, a farmer and a resident of Manor, married Lydia Ann Buckwalter. Fannie is the wife of BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 247 Benjamin Mann, of that township. Ellen is Mrs. Albert Kauffman, of the same place. Clayton, a farmer in Manor, married Susan Greider. Emma is unmarried and lives with her mother. Christian F. Charles was born Sept. 6, 1858, and enjoyed the advantages of a good common school education. He was raised upon his father's farm, and when he was twenty-six years of age began farming for himself. Brains and hard work have contributed to his success, and to-day he ranks high among the citizens of his native town- ship, as regards both means and character. His reputation is unsullied, and his influence strong. He is identified with several enterprises of a finan- cial and commercial nature, some of which he has aided in organizing, and in which he is a director. Noteworthy among these are the Mountville Na- tional Bank, and the Mountville Manufacturing Company. Mr. Charles was married, in 1883, to Emma B., daughter of Jacob and Mary (Bowers) Kready. One son and one daughter have been born to them, Mary K., and J. Edward. JACOB MURRY HENDERSON. Promi- nent among the citizens of Maytown, Pa., is Jacob Murry Henderson, county commissioner, and a well-known ex-contractor and builder. Mr. Henderson is a native of Maytown, born on Sept. II, 1853, a worthy son of worthy parents, John and Mary (Murry) Henderson, the former of whom died at the early age of thirty-six, a cigar-maker, by trade. The latter was the daugh- ter of Jacob and Catherine (Witmer) Murry, the former of whom was a cabinet-maker in May- town. To Mr. and Mrs. Henderson were born two children: Jacob M., the subject of this biography; and Lottie, the wife of Benjamin Doner, of Eliza- bethtown. When Jacob was but two years of age, he went to live with his grandfather Henderson and re- mained there until the death of both grand- parents, going to school and working in the to- bacco fields, for which he had no great liking, and as soon as he was able, at the age of twelve, entering the brickyard at Maytown, to learn the trade. After working there five years, in 1870 he began brick-laying; in 1877 Mr. Henderson began his long and eminently successful career as con- tractor, continuing in business until Jan. i, 1900, when his appreciative fellow-citizens elected him county commissioner, a selection which did them credit, for no one in the community could fill this office with better results, to the county. A promi- nent Democrat, Mr. Henderson has taken an active part in politics, was judge of election for three terms and a member of the county committee. Fraternally, he is connected with the Knights of Malta. The marriage of Mr. Henderson was on July 23, 1876, in EHzabethtown, to Miss Elizabeth Hollinger, and to this union have been born: Charles, deceased; Samuel; John; Florence, de- ceased; EH, deceased; Josie; Rhoda; and Mary. The birth of Mrs. Henderson was in Mt. Joy township, Nov. 21, 1858, a daughter of EH and Catherine (Pence) Hollinger, who reared this family: Elmira, the wife of Parris Libbart, of Lancaster; Mary A., deceased; EHzabeth; Flora, the wife of WilHam Worth; Emma and Cora, de- ceased ; and Barbara, the wife of George Welchans, of Maytown. Mr. Hollinger died in 1868, and to the marriage of Mrs. Hollinger and Ray Markley were born: Anna, the wife of Fred. Peck, of Maytown ; Kate ; Mercy, the wife of John Eshle- man, of Maytown; a:nd Georgie, the wife of Har- vey Hoover, of Marietta. Mr. Henderson is a man of great popularity in his neighborhood, on account of his pleasant per- sonality, and is one of the most esteemed and rep- resentative men of Maytown. SAMUEL GOCHNAUER, one of the notable representatives of agricultural interests of Lancas- ter county, living at his residence just south of the city, along the Willow street pike, was born in Pequea township Jan. 3, 1851, son of Adam and Elizabeth (Huber) Gochnauer. The Hubers are an old family in West Lampeter township, and Mrs. Elizabeth Gochnauer was a sister of David Huber, whose sketch may be found elsewhere. The Gochnauer family traces its lineage back to Germany, and its pioneers in this country were among the very early settlers of Lancaster county. Adam Gochnauer, noted above, was one of the enterprising citizens of Pequea township. By trade he was a carpenter, and many substantial houses and barns in that community still stand as monuments to his industry. He was of a retiring disposition and took little interest in public ques- tions. He was born in 1799, and died in 1887, after a long and useful career. Mrs. Elizabeth (Huber) Gochnauer was born in West Lampeter in 1816, and died in 1856. She first married John Harnish, of this county, and after his death became the wife of Adam Gochnauer. They had five children: Benjamin, a mechanic of Pequea town- ship ; Samuel ; Martha, wife of Levi Martin, of Drumore township ; Annie, wife of Daniel C. Lipp, of West Lampeter township ; and Adam, a farmer of Cass county, Mo. In 185 1 Adam Gochnauer purchased the farm where his son Samuel is now living, and there spent his remaining days. Samuel Gochnauer was reared on the farm, and received but a limited education. After he had passed his majority he attended Lincoln Col- lege, at Greenwood, Mo., for two years, and after spending a year teaching in McLean county, 111., he returned to his native community to locate on the farm that has since been his home. In 1875 he took charge of the place, and thirteen years later bought it. It consisted of sixty-seven acres. 248 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY on which he has made many valuable improve- ments, and in addition to his general farming, he carries on an important dairy business, having a milk route in the city. Since 1890 he has been a member of the school board. Mr. Gochnauer was married in 1878, to Miss Catherine K. Herr, who was born in West Lam- peter township, in 1856, a daughter of Jacob and Mary (Kreider) Herr, To this union have come children as follows: Mary, Elizabeth, Ella, Annie and Clarence H., living, and two — Bertlia and George Ellis — who are deceased. JOHN IVES HARTMAN passed almost his entire life in Lancaster, with the exception of the time he was honoring it as a soldier in the Civil war ; and the city was his debtor at every stage. He was a pioneer in some of its best industries, assisted in the improvement of many others, and was a coun- selor in all local humanitarian movements. Mr. Hartman was born in Lancaster Feb. 23, 1831, and died there Dec. 26, 1899. His parents were Lewis S. and Elizabeth (Messersmith) Hartman. His education was received in the Lancaster com- mon schools, for which he in after life did so much in his thirty-one years' membership on the board of control. The public schools of Lancaster were not as they are now during the youth of Mr. Hartman. He spent a short term in the high school, but only a short one, for at the age of fifteen he entered, as an apprentice in the printer's art, the ofSce of David S. Kieffer, the publisher of the American Republican. There he spent three years, mastering all there was to be learned of the craft in such a place as Lancas- ter then was. At the end of his apprenticeship he went to Philadelphia with a view to increasing his mastery of tJie art, and took employment with Mears & Dusenbury, prominent stereotypers, whose typo- graphical plant and foundry were located in Har- mony Court. There young' Hartman became noted as an expert and accurate compositor on book work. L,ewis S. Hartman, father of John I., had been markedly successful in numerous business enter- prises, and his aptitude for affairs was transmitted to his son. He turned from his "case" in Philadel- phia and sought more active pursuits. Returning to Lancaster in 1849, he embarked in the retail gro- cery business, setting up in the building known as the "Red Front Grocery," on North Queen street, one door south of the "City Hotel." He was only a youth of eighteen years when he started this store, which he continued for fifteen years. At the out- break of the war the call to arms stirred his patriotic blood mightily. He left his store in charge of the late Charles F. Eberman, and went to the front as a private with the Lancaster Fencibles, in which com- pany he had "played soldier" in times of peace. He was elected lieutenant soon after the company left Lancaster; and at Martinsburg, W. Va., he was ap- pointed A. A. C. S., and detached from the company. His business capacity attracting the attention of his superior officers, he was detached from the regiment and appointed brigade quartermaster, in which ca- pacity he served during the term of the brigade. At the close of the war, on the reorganization of the veterans of the 50th Regiment, which had been re- cruited from Lancaster and neighboring counties, and had seen active service in the South and West to such extent that it was necessary to refill its deci- mated ranks with fresh recruits in 1864, Mr. Hart- man was among those who joined from Lancaster ; and he was elected lieutenant of Company I. On his return from the war Mr. Hartman's mind turned to his old trade again, and on May i, 1864, he bought the interest of Francis Heckert in the Ex- aminer printing office, the firm becoming Hiestand, Kline & Hartman. Mr. Hartman took the business management and continued it for four years, when he sold out his interest to his partners. Meanwhile he had interested himself in the organization of the Printers Paper Mill, which was formed in 1865. This enterprise failed as originally organized; but Mr. Hartman and two others of the original stock- holders bought the plant and operated it until they sold it to Symington & Co. In 1868, after withdraw- ing from the Examiner, Mr. Hartman went into partnership with Benjamin P. Miller, the pioneer wholesale grocer of Lancaster. The business was originally installed' in Bitner's warehouse, but was soon moved to the McComsey old stone warehouse, that stood on the site now occupied by Long & Davidson's new building. In 1873 the firm of Miller &' Hartman built the commodious stores and ware- house in which the business is still carried on by the sons of the old firm, Charles A. Miller and Isaac C. Hartman, who had been taken in as partners in 1892, and succeeded as proprietors in 1895. This business is distinguished as the first in the wholesale trade in Lancaster. It was, on starting, generally considered a very precarious enterprise ; but it was managed to success, and has been continued under the same stvle for over thirty years. Mr. Hartman was one of the moving spirits in the organization of the Lancaster Trust Company, which began business in 1890. He was elected presi- dent at the organization, and held the office until failing health compelled him to forego active work. The notable success of this institution, the first of its line in this city, is clue very largely to its first president's foresight and business sagacity, and to the confidence reposed in his integrity and judgment by his fellow citizens. Mr. Hartman was an active and influential Re- publican, who could have had almost any office in the gift of his party had he desired ; but those of jury commissioner and school director were the only offices he ever accepted. He was elected jury com- missioner in 1879, '^'"'d served three years. In 1868 he had been elected to the school board, on which he remained thirty-one years, serving as its president for two terms from 1875 ; but he had to decline a re- nomination in 1898 and 1899 on account of his im- ^^-^^^^^^^^^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 249 paired vitality. He took a deep interest in the wel- fare of the schools, and was much concerned in im- proving the school buildings, giving much of his time to_ this matter as a member of the Property com- mittee. As a presiding officer he was noted for his prompt disposal of business and his impartial rul- ings ; while his sound judgment everywhere gave him a commanding influence with his fellow mem- bers. While he was always a stanch Republican in politics proper, Mr. Hartinan deprecated every at- tempt to introduce partisanship into school affairs. The consciousness that he had rebuked faction and had been instrumental in making and keeping the school board free from partisanship was a' cause of much satisfaction to him. In 1876, when the fac- tion then ruling got control of the Republican School Directors Convention, and in the nominations sub- stituted from their faction for three of the oldest and most useful directors, Mr. Hartman took the lead in calling a Republican mass-meeting which nomi- nated an independent ticket, including the names omitted from the other, those of David Hartman, John W. Jackson, and E. J. Erisman. This ticket was completed by the names of Dr. M. L. Herr, Rev. D. H. Geisinger and William A. Wilson ; and it was tritmiphantly elected. Subsequently, with the aid of the late William McComsey, another zealous friend of the schools, Mr. Hartman was the means of introducing the present system of filling vacan- cies in the board with members of the same political party as the retiring members, and dividing the officers by mutual agreement. Mr. Hartman was a member of St. John's Epis- copal Church, a member of its vestry from 1872, chairman of the finance committee, and junior war- den from the death of Warden Isaac Diller, in 1892 ; and few men ever rendered more faithful or more intelligent service than he in the material affairs of the church. He was one of the representatives of the parish as lay deputy to the annual diocesan con- ventions for many years, always taking an active part in the proceedings ; and he was instrumental in causing the present system of plurality voting for members of the standing committee and other offi- cers. His resolution for' this purpose was at first opposed by the clerical deputies, who regarded the plan as an innovation of questionable value ; but he succeeded in convincing the convention that it was not a "political trick," and would work better than the old majority system in expediting the business of the sessions; and his forethought is vindicated by the fact that no attempt has been made to return to the old way. He was always one of the church's most liberal supporters; and whenever there was a deficiency in the income he was of the first in readi- ness to help make it good. Mr. Hartman was truly a man of affairs in the most comprehensive meaning of that term. His in- terest and activity were displayed in many directions besides those we have recounted. He was president of the Howard Association, and an active worker in its cause, the systematic relief of the destitute, in which in its day it did noble work, the Howard de- bates having been participated in by the best speak- ers and most prominent citizens. He took a lively interest in the old volunteer fire department, and was president of the Washington Fire Company until it was displaced in activity by the call system. At the time of his death he was president of the board of trustees of the Lancaster cemetery, president of the Lancaster Gaslight & Fuel Company, and of the Edison Electric Light Company; a director of the New Holland Turnpike Company ; of the West End Building & Loan Association ; of the Southern Mar- ket Company; and of the Hamilton Club. He had been a director of the Lancaster County National Bank for many years, later of the Fulton National Bank, and also of the Lancaster Watch Company. He was a member of Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M., and of the Tucquan Club, and a regular camper-out, as such taking much enjoyment. During the last year of his life, however, his old camp comrades only saw him for a one day's visit, because of his failing strength. The confidence established by his integ- rity and business acumen caused him to be called upon to settle a great number of estates and manage many individual trusts. Mr. Hartman was twice married. His first wife, who died Nov. 10, 1868, was Anna E., daughter of the late Dr. Isaac C. Weidler, of Upper Leacock. To this union came children as follows : Herbert W., now treasurer of FoUmer, Clogg & Co. ; M. Elizabeth, wife of Milton S. Falck ; Isaac C, who succeeds his father in the firm of Miller & Hartman : Marion B., of the Adams Express Company ; and John H., of the Lancaster Trust Company. On Nov. 28, 1872, Mr. Hartman wedded for his second wife Elizabeth Markley, daughter of Jacob L. and Eliza (Miller) Hoffmeier, of whose union she was the youngest child. All the members of both the Hartman and Hoffmeier families! are prominent, well-connected and well-to-do people. Mrs. Hart- man bore her husband two children, Harry G. and' Emily K. Mr. Hartman was also survived by two brothers and one sister: Daniel Hartman (since deceased") ; A. F. Hartman, of this city ; and Emily, wife of John A. Boring, of Osborne, Kansas. Mrs. Hartman has an elegant home, and is surrounded by all the comforts and refinements of modern life. She had an affectionate husband, who considered nothing too good for his loved ones, and was con- stant in his efforts to make home the ideal of both comfort and happiness. In all his relations Mr. Hartman evinced fine social qualities. In all his in- tercourse, either at home or abroad, his conduct was marked by courtesy and kindness. His high sense of honor kept fair his business record, and won the respect of the world at large. He was candid in ex- pressing his opinions and tenacious in adhering to them ; but he had respect for opposing ones when im- pressed with their sincerity. It was this character- istic that made his influence so great in discussion. 250 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY HENRY GRATTAN McCARTER, manager of John Farnum & Co., Conestoga Mills, Nos. 2 and 3, in Lancaster, has had a far more than or- dinarily interesting career. His father, James McCarter, came to America from- Londonderry, Ireland, in 1853, settling in Philadelphia. He had been preceded by Richard White, Esq., the dis- tinguished lawyer, who wrote to Mr. McCarter to come. In 1855 the latter married Miss Sarah Elizabeth Coolidge, daughter of Edwin Coolidge, formerly of Boston, but at the time of their union a prominent boot and shoe merchant of Philadel- phia. To this marriage came three children, two of whom are living; Edwin Coolidge, a merchant in New York. City; and Henry Grattan, of Lan- caster. Henry Grattan McCarter was born in Philadel- phia Oct. 13, 1856, and, after attending private schools there, became for a time a pupil in Dr. Clemson's select boarding-school, at Claymont, Del. ; he next attended school at New York City, and was graduated in Chemistry from the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania in 1878. After his gradu- ation Mr. McCarter became connected with the Albion Print Works, at Conshohocken, whi,ch were owned by his father and Joseph Lea, remaining there until the works were closed down. This was in 1882, and his next move was to Berlin, Canada, which was settled by Mennonites from Pennsyl- vania, who went there and founded the place dur- ing the Revolutionary war. Mr. McCarter's mis- sion to Berlin was to teach the people how to color vegetable ivory buttons, the manufacture of which was the chief industry of the place. On Dec. 18, 1884, Mr. McCarter came to Lancaster, whither he was sent by John Farnum's heirs, to be chemist and chief dyer for the works. How intelligently, industriously -and satisfactorily he performed the duties of this responsible position may be judged from the fact that, when the lamented S. S. Spen- cer — who had been superintendent of the mills for so many years — was called to his reward, Mr. Mc- Carter was promoted to the position made vacant by his death, a position he still holds. Mr. Spen- cer died Nov. 14, 1902. Mr. McCarter married Elizabeth McGovern Keller, daughter of John and Catherine McGovern, of Lancaster, the former one of Lancaster's most prominent railroad contractors. Two children have been born to this union, one of whom died when but a year old. The survivor, James, was born Feb. 24, 1889. Mr. McCarter's stepdaughter. Miss Rosemary Keller, is a student at the Sharon Hill Seminary, class of 1906. Mrs. McCarter is an accomplished pianist, and is at the head of the musical department of the Iris Club, the leading social and literary club among the ladies of Lan- caster. The only organization of any kind to which Mr. McCarter belongs is the Hamilton Club. Politically he is a Republican, but he takes no part in politics, devoting himself to his business and his family; and no more hospitable home can be found in this section than the beautiful suburban residence of Mr. McCarter and his family, in Man- heim township, at the end of North Duke street, just beyond the confines of the city. J. HENRY MUSSER, M. D., is a representa- tive in the fourth generation of the Musser family of Lancaster county. Pa., in the medical profes- sion. Dr. Benjamin Musser, his great-grandfather, was born July 13, 1749, and lived at Turkey Hill, practicing there and at Lancaster, Columbia and Harrisburg, Pa., visiting the places periodically to meet his patients. He was not a graduate of any school, but inade an especial study of herbs, and was skilled in the art of administering the simple home remedies. He had a large practice and won no little fame for his cure for "white swellings," and for his medical combination, known as "white salve," of great value in the treatment of ulcers. On March 8, 1770, he married Barbara Engel, who bore him the following named children : Jacob, born Jan. 8, 1771 ; Ann, Oct. 24, 1772; Maria, Nov. 2, 1774; John, March 20,' 1777; Henry, March 5, 1779; and Christian, April 5, 1781. The mother of these children died Dec. 21, 1783, and on March 23, 1784, Dr. Musser married Mag- dalen Bossier, who became the mother of the fol- lowing: Twins, who both died in infancy; Ben- jamin, born July 16, 1786; Joseph, Aug. 7, 1787; Barbara, Sept. i, 1789; JBenjamin (2), April 2, 1791; Martha and Martin, twins, March 15, 1793; Daniel, Feb. 6, 1796; EHzabeth, July 7, 1797; and Susan, Nov. 27, 1800. Dr. Musser died Nov. 25, 1820. Henry Musser, son of Dr. John, born March 5, 1779, became a farmer of Cumberland county. Pa., where he died in 1822. He was a Dunker in religious belief. Of his children who grew to ma- turity we have record of Benjamin, Daniel (father of Dr. J. Henry), John, Joseph and Magdalena. Daniel Musser, was born Nov. 2, 1809, in Cum- berland county, this State, and, his father dying in 1822, was early thrown upon his own resources. In 1825 he came on foot to Lancaster county, here finding a home with his uncle. Dr. Martin Musser, of Lampeter, and did work for his uncle to pay for his board and clothes, meantime taking ad- vantage of every opportunity for the study of medicine, under that able instructor. He con- tinued with his uncle until he reached his majority, at which time he opened an office in Providence, Lancaster county, remaining there a short time. His next location was at Millersville, whence after a time he returned to Lampeter, buying out his uncle's practice. He was successfully engaged in the duties of his profession at Lampeter until 1869, and passed away Jan. 20, 1877, after a life of activity and wide usefulness. On Nov. 27, 1832, Dr. Musser married Eliza- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 251 beth Herr, who was born Jan. 15, 1814, in Lan- caster county, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Grofif) Herr, and died Nov. 3, 1870. To this union came two children: Mary A., born Feb. I) 1837; and J. Henry, whose name introduces these lines. In 1844. Dr. Daniel Musser joined the new Mennonite Church of which his father- in-law, John Herr, was the founder, became a bishop in that church, and in the latter years of his life gave most of his time to the advancement and upbuilding of that society. His literary gifts were no less remarkable than his ability in his chosen calling, and he wrote the life of John Herr, and a history of the Reformed Mennonite Church. J. Henry Musser was born Jan. 5, 1845, in Lampeter township, Lancaster county, and there grew to manhood. In accordance with the wishes of the family he decided to adopt the medical pro- fession. His early education was acquired at the private school of Benjamin Herr and brother, and in 1864 he went to Philadelphia to attend lectures at Jefferson Medical College, being a pupil of Dr. D. D. Richardson during the day of the Northern Dispensary in that city. Shortly after his gradua- tion in 1866, he located for practice at his native place, Lampeter, where he has remained to the present in the enjoyment of a flattering patron- age from the residents of that place and the sur- rounding country. He has been a hard worker and a close student, devoting all his time to his chosen calling, with results which speak for them- selves. In 1882 Dr. Musser was elected president of the Lancaster County Medical Society, holding the office the customary length of time, one year. He is a stanch Republican in political faith, but gives no time to public affairs of any kind, beyond taking a patriotic interest in such as concern his town and county. On Oct. 27, 1868, Dr. Musser was united in marriage, with Leida Musselman, who was born May 27, 1848, daughter of John and Eliza (Breck- bill) Musselman, and died June 14, 1885. They had a family of three children: Edith E., born July 15, 1871, is the wife of J. Bachman, a farmer near Stras- burg, and has one child, Henry M. William, born Oct. 9, 1872, married Bertha Eshleman, daughter of John Eshleman, a miller, and has one child, John. Ada, born Aug. 24, 1878, died Oct. 13, 1881. JOHN H. LEFEVER when but a farmer boy heard the call for volunteers to assist in putting down the rebellion and he at once responded. Going from his home in Lancaster county. Pa., he enlisted in the 20th Pa. Cav., which afterward saw much active service in the Army of the Po- tomac. The stirring events of those days had much to do with moulding the character of men who participated in them, and they had their in- fluence on the life of John H. Lefever, who was born Nov. i, 1837, in Lampeter township, Lancas- ter county. His parents were John E. and Eliza- beth (Martin) Lefever, who were both natives of that county, born in 1809 and 1806 respectively. John E. was the son of Adam and Kittie Lefever, who came to this country from Germany in 1800 and settled in Lampeter township on a farm, where they raised a family of nine children, all of whom are dead. John E. Lefever, the father of John H. learned the trade of a weaver which he followed in con- nection with farming. He died at his home in Camargo, Lancaster county, m 1887. His wife died in 1874. They -left a family of eight children, four of whom are living. The eldest of these, Martin, married Mary Winters, of Lancaster county. He was a soldier in the Civil war. Susan, a daughter, was the wife of Benjamin Shaub, of Belmont, where she lost her life in 1880 in a rail- road accident, leaving a family. Harrison, who died some years ago in the West, was a soldier in the Civil war, being a member of the 22d Regi- ment, P. V. I. Daniel, another brother, is also dead. He distinguished himself as a soldier in the Civil war. Abram Lefever is a resident of Quarryville, married Miss Lizzie Groff and is the father of a family. Eliza Lefever, deceased, was the wife of Dan Mowner, of Eden ; she left three children. Abner Lefever, who is now a resident of Lancaster City, married Miss Delia Hare, de- ceased ; they had a family of five children. John H. Lefever was the second child of John E. and Elizabeth (Martin) Lefever. Brief refer- ence has already been made to his war record but it will be of further interest to add some of the important points in his career as a soldier. He served with valor in the battle of Gettysburg and at Springfield, but soon after these great events he was taken sick with typhoid fever and lay ill in the hospital thirteen months. He was honorably discharged at the Cumberland hospital in 1863 for physical disability. After the war he returned to the old home in Eden township. In 1869 he mar- ried Miss Susan B. Eshleman, of Providence town- ship, the daughter of Elijah and Christiann Eshle- man, one of the highly respected pioneer families of that section. Mrs. Lefever was born Nov. 29, 1849. After marriage they settled on a farm near Quarryville which Mr. Lefever had purchased. TThere they resided eight years and then moved to his father's farm in Strasburg township. Ten years later he purchased a lot from his father's estate in Camargo and there he has made his home while still retaining his farm near Quarryville. Mr. Lefever and his estimable wife have pros- pered in many ways. The union has been blessed by eight children and seven grandchildren. Chris- tiann, the eldest, was born in 1870, and is now the wife of Edward Barr, of Strasburg township. They have three children, John, Alma and Earl. Ulysses G. Lefever was born in 1873 and married Miss Mary Coble of Strasburg. They now reside 252 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY at Christiana, where he is an electrical engineer. They have three children, John, Charles and Harry. A. Louie Lefever was born in 1875 and is now the wife of Chris Groff, a coach painter at Oak Bottom; they had one son, Paul, deceased. John H. Lefever, born in 1877, is now a soldier in the regular army. During the last three years he has seen active service in Cuba and in the Philip- pines. Sarah A. Lefever, born in 1879, is the wife of Christ Creswell, of Eden; they have one child, Clifford. Daniel M. Lefever, born in 1880, is un- married and a carpenter by trade. Ella K. Le- fever was born in 1882 and is at home, unmarried. Howard B. Lefever, the youngest of the family, was born in Strasburg township in 1884 and edu- cated in the Hawkesville school. He is manager of the home farm. In business as in social, political and religiotis affairs, John H. Lefever has always been promi- nent as a leader. He is recognized as a conscien- tious, upright citizen, a good husband and a worthy father. Politically he is a strong and influential Republican. He is a member of the W. S. Bierly Post, No. 511, of Quarryville. As one of the old veterans he is highly respected. RICHARD M., REILLY, of the firm' of Reilly Brothers & Raub, the North Street house furnish- ers, although still a young man, enjoys the dis- tinction of being a lawyer, journalist, merchant and manufacturer, though he is now devoting his at- tention to the important mercantile estalDlishment in connection with which his name appears, as well as the Lancaster Sheet Metal Co., of which he is the treasurer. John Reilly, the father of the Reilly Brothers, came to this country from Ireland in 1836, land- ing in New York, and making his way soon after to Lancaster. He did a vast work as a railroad and bridge builder, undertaking and carrying to successful conclusion, many large and important contracts, notable among them being the Lachine Canal in Canada, the North Pennsylvania Rail- road, the Lehigh and Susquehanna Railroad at Easton, the Easton and Amboy Railroad, the Chestnut street bridge at Philadelphia, and many hardly less notable undertakings. For some time he was associated with the late Richard McGrann, the father of B. J. McGrann, the firm being Reilly & McGrann. Mr. Reilly died at the age of fifty-four years, at the very prime of his manhood and busi- ness ability. The family came to Lancaster in 1875, s-rid here they have since remained. John Reilly had six brothers, and they all canje to the United States, rising to prominence as contractors. Dennis Reilly was a leading iron mas- ter at Easton, Pa., and his name is borne by the youngest son of the father of the Reilly Brothers. John Reilly was married in 1856 to iVIiss Mary, the daughter of Thomas Wallace, for years the keeper of an old-time inn at Huntingdon, a place famous in the days before the railroad as a stop- ping place for travelers by stage and coach. Mr. Wallace passed away at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Reilly, in this city in 1889, when ninety years of age. Mr. and Mrs. John Reilly became the parents of the following family : ( i ) John B., a railroad and bridge builder of New York. City; (2) T. Wallace, now a member of the whole- sale grocery firm of M. S. Miller & Co., of Lan- caster; (3) Richard M., of Reilly Brothers & Raub; (a) William H. (deceased), formerly of Reilly Brothers & Raub; (5) Mary; (6) Elizabeth, both the sisters being at home with their mother; (7) E. D., a member of the Lancaster Bar; (8) Margaret, wife of Hon. J. Hay Brown, Judge of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. Richard M. Reilly was born in Lancaster, July 14, 1861, and had his education partly in the Eas- ton schools, and partly in Lancaster, finishing his study at Mount St. Mary's College, at Emmits- burg, Md., from which he was graduated in 1880. Entering the law office of the late George Nau- man, he applied himself assiduously to the study of law, and was admitted to the Bar in 1883. This, however, did not prove satisfactory to Mr. Reilly, and he secured a position on the Lancaster Intelli- gencer, as associate editor, which he held for three years, being a part owner of the paper in 1886. Two years later he sold out, to become a member of the firm of Reilly Brothers & Raub. This firm began business Sept. i, 1888, and its history is one of substantial success in the annals of the housefurnishing and hardware trade. It has had a steady growth, and has long since attained an en- viable standing among the best known mercantile firms of the city. Ten years later the Lancaster Sheet Metal Co. began business, the firm consist- ing of H. L. Raub, president ; Richard M. Reilly, treasurer; and A. K. Raub, secretary. This firm erected a fine factory at the corner of Marion and Christian streets and has already made itself felt as one of the principal industries of the city. In 1888, Mr. Reilly was married to Miss Mary, daughter of the late John M. Barry, a well-known contractor of Lancaster. Michael Barry, her grandfather, was one of the pioneers in the rail- road contracting business in this part of the State. Mr. and Mrs. Reilly have had one child born to them, Alice, who bears the name of her maternal grandmother, who was Miss Alice Fitzpatrick be- fore her marriage, and a member of a family of very successful contractors. Mr. Reilly is one of two auditors of St. Mary's Catholic Church, a position he has held for years. A Democrat, he has attended State and national gatherings of the party hosts on many occasions, sitting as a delegate in the first convention that nominated William Jennings Bryan for the presi- dency. At one time he was on the executive com- mittee of the Young Men's Democratic Society. For two }-ears he was president of the re-organized BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 2oS Board of Trade of Lancaster, and was placed on the board of health many years ago, where he is still- serving. He has been secretary and treasurer of St. Mary's Orphan Asylum. Mr. Reilly is on the executive committee of the Lancaster County Historical Society, and is a member of the Ameri- . can Catholic Historical Society, of Philadelphia. He was elected a member of the school board from the Sixth ward, but resigned when he moved to the Third ward. Richard M. Reilly is a modest and unassuming gentleman, and as a journalist is remembered as a graceful and forcible writer. As a merchant and a manufacturer he has risen into prominence, and is justly regarded as one of the leading men of the city. Thomas Wallace Reilly, second son of the late John Reilly, was born in Lancaster, Aug. 19, 1859, ^nd was educated in the public schools of Easton, and Franklin and Marshall College. Af- ter leaving college he traveled somewhat extensive- ly in the West. Coming back to his native State, he began business as a contractor on the Lacka- wanna Railroad in New York, making this his business for some twenty years, dating from 1880. Among his more important enterprises were the building of a bridge over the Providence river, the construction of a sewer a mile long at Provi- dence, R. I., a bridge at Woonsocket, and a nurn- ber of sewers and street gradings in New York City. Mr. Reilly's family lived at Providence and in New York during his prolonged operations in these cities. In the fall of 1900 they accompanied him to Lancaster, where he became a member of the grocery firm of M. S. Miller & Co., doing an extensive wholesale business at Nos. 223 and 225 North Prince street, Lancaster. While engaged in railroad bridge building Mr. Reilly had some important contracts on the Pennsylvania Railroad, ■building bridges at Glenloch, Aliddletown, and elsewhere. Mr. Reilly was' married in December, 1887, to Miss Mary, a daughter of Thomas Costigan, a con- tractor in Philadelphia, and two children have come to bless this union, Carmita and Thomas Wallace, Jr. Mr. Reilly for years was connected with St. Mary's Catholic Church, but since his return from New York he and his family have as- sociated themselves with St. Anthony's Catholic Church. Like all his family, Mr. Reilly is a bright and genial gentleman, liberal alike in his business and politics, but strong in his own convictions and determined and persistent in his every enterprise. Edward D. Reilly, the youngest son of the late John Reilly, was born in Easton, Pa., Nov. 25, 1869, and was educated in the public schools of 'Lancaster, graduating from the high school in 1885. He attended Mount St. Mary's College at Emmitsburg, Md., from which he was graduated in June, 1888, and the following year entered upon a business career. In the fall of 1889 he began the study of law with John A. Coyle, and was admitted to practice Dec. 20, 1892. In 1892, and during the two ensuing years he was president of the Young Men's Democratic Society, and in 1896 was elected a member of the city council from the Second ward by a majority of two votes. In 1897 and in 1900 he was elected on the school board, and has been chairman of the Judici- ary committee of that body since his first election. He belongs to St. Mary's Catholic Church, and is serving on the board of St. Mary's Orphan Asylum. Mr. Reilly is connected with a number of Catholic organizations, having been president of St. Michael's Beneficial Union for two years. He is a member of the Leo XIII. Society, the Knights of St. John, and the Penn. C. B. L. Mr. Reilly was married Dec. 29, 1897, to Miss Katharine Eugenie, daughter of A. F. and Emily Keating, of Pittsburg, Pa., Mr. Keating being a prominent iron-master of the "Smoky City." A Democrat in politics, and a warm supporter of Mr. Bryan, Mr. Reilly is recognized as one of the lead- ing young Democrats of Lancaster, and has fre- quently been a delegate to county and State con- ventions, being the county committeeman at the present time from the Second ward. During Mr. Reilly's preparations for the law he acted as a reporter for a great part of the time on the Lan- caster Examiner, until his press of work in mak- ing ready for the final examination compelled him to devote all his time to study. During this time and since his entrance upon a professional life, Mr. Reilly .has developed marked ability as a writer of strong and forcible English. As a law- yer a large success has attended his efforts, and he was greatly honored by being placed on the legal staff of the executors of the will of the late Miss Catherine Long, a will that involved the disposi- tion of an estate of more than $700,000, the bulk of which was bequeathed for the establishment of a public park for Lancaster, and a home for in- digent unmarried women. Liberal in his views and practice, a fine conversationalist, and possessed of a kindly and genial nature, Mr. Reilly has de- veloped rapidly in his professional and social rela- tions, and gives every promise of a brilliant future. JACOB M. EABY, one of the substantial citi- zens of Lancaster county and a resident of Para- dise village, has been active in agricultural, mer- cantile and business affairs for many years, and is prominent and influential in matters that per- tain to the general welfare. He is the represen- tative of one of the old and honored families of the county. Jacob Eby (for so the family name was spelled a century ago) grandfather of Jacob M., was born in Leacock township, near Intercourse, Nov. 9, 1776, and his wife, Susannah (Miller) Eby, was born Aug. 2, 1779. They spent their lives on the old family homestead at Intercourse, engaged in 254 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY farming pursuits and devoutly living in the re- ligious light of the Dunkard Church. Their fam- ily consisted of eleven children, as follows : Moses, born Nov. 27, 1801, who became a merchant at Intercourse and died Feb. 27, 1891 ; Maria, May 3, 1803, who married Daniel Esbenshade, and died Feb. 2, 1891 ; Peter, Sept. 11, 1804, a farmer, ■who died March 19, 1881 ; Daniel M., Aug. 10, 1809, died Aug. 31, 1893; Hannah, Nov. 30, 1810, who married John Rauck and died April 29, 1882; Esther, July 19, 18 12, died July 24, 18 12; Lydia, July 22, 1814, who married Isaac Bair, and died Sept. 25, 1876; Joseph, Aug. 23, 1818, a farmer unmarried; Ann, Aug. 11, 1820, died April 19, 1897 ; Susannah, May 28, 1822, who died unmar- ried, in January, 1898 ; Jacob, Feb. 19, 1825, died Feb. 12, 1864. All these sons spelled their names Eaby. Daniel M. Eaby, the father of Jacob M., was reared on the homestead. His educational opportun- ities were limited but he was an ambitious boy and was eager to fit himself for teaching. He applied liimself to his studies and by a course of self-in- struction he became proficient in the common branches and was qualified to teach in both Eng- lish and German. For many years he taught in the public schools of Lancaster county. He also ac- quired the carpenter's trade and followed it in con- nection with teaching. He was active and indus- trious, and in connection with the above vocations, "he engaged in farming. He was recognized as ■one of the forceful, influential men of Lancaster county and was twice elected to the office of coun- ty auditor. He also served for many years as school director in Bart township. In 1863 he enlisted as a carpenter in the military service of liis country and four of his sons also enlisted dur- ing the Civil war. Daniel M. Eaby married Miss Caroline Bair, who was born Nov. 9, 1808; she was the daughter of Joel and Mary Bair, and was a woman of unusual intelligence and educa- tion. Her death occurred April 9, 1869. Eight children were born to Daniel M. and Caroline (Bair) Eaby. The first child, born Dec. 10, 1836, died in infancy; Joel S., Feb. 20, 1838, is a resi- dent of Lancaster; George W., Feb. 5, 1840, is a resident of Lancaster City; Mary Ann, Feb. 23, 1843, is the widow of William Rice and is a resi- dent of Wooster, Ohio; Henry B., Feb. 19, 1845, enlisted in 1863 in the 195th P. V. I., re-enHsted in 1864, was mustered out in June, 1865, and is now in the United States postal service with residence at Wooster, Ohio ; Daniel E., May 16, 1847, is a resident of Lancaster ; Jacob M., was born March 8, 1850; Susannah C, July 25, 1852, died Aug. 13, 1886, the wife of Sem Eby. The parents of these children were members of the Dunkard Church but in later years the father identified himself with the Old Mennonite Church. Jacob M. Eaby was reared to farm life, receiving a fair education in the public schools and in the high school at Oxford. He was diligent in study and at eighteen was well qualified to begin his career as a teacher in the public schools of Lan- caster county, where he continued for eleven and a half terms. He was then for nine years engaged in butchering in Paradise village, in connection with farming his forty-two acres of land at Will- iamstown. Then dealing in cattle for some two and" a half years, he in 1891 succeeded to the mercan- tile business which had been conducted by the Witmer family at Paradise and to this business he gave his personal attention until July, 1898, when he transferred the control of the estate to his son Walter. Since that time Mr. Eaby has devoted himself to the Lancaster County Mutual Fire In- surance Company, of which he is the secretary. Mr. Eaby married, Nov. 5, 1872, Miss Cather- ine E. Eby, who was born at Belmont, Lancaster county, Nov. 5, 1852, daughter of Jacob and Mag- dalena (Wanner) Eby. To Jacob M. and Cather- ine Eaby six children have been bom, namely: Cora Etta, wife of Martin E. Hershey, a farmer of Paradise; Charles W., attorney-at-law at Lancas- ter, a graduate of Millersville State Normal, class of 1897, who read law with Hon. J. Hay Brown, and W. U. Hensel, teaching two terms of school meanwhile, admitted to the Bar Dec. 24, 1899, and now practicing law at Lancaster; Walter C., who has succeeded his father in the mercantile business at Paradise, married Miss R. Mae Zeigler and has one child living, Ethel; Ella C, and Edna M., both graduates of Millersville State Normal, class of 1901 ; and Guy C, at home. Mr. and Mrs. Eaby are prominent members of the Presbyterian Church at Paradise, of which he is one of the trustees. In politics Mr. Eaby affiliates with the Republi- can party. At the age of twenty-eight he was elected to the office of justice of the peace. He has filled various other local offices, including those of assessor, member of the county committee, etc; He has been prominent in the local fraternal or- ganizations ; he is a member of the Pequea Lodge, No. 161, I. O. O. F., and of William Pitt Encamp- ment, also of Bart Lodge, No. 162, K. of P., and since 1885 he has also been treasurer of the latter lodge. He was a prominent member and the treas- urer of Paradise Castle, No. 143, Mystic Chain, dur- ing its existence, and a member of Tanawah Tribe, I. O. R. M., of Paradise. Mr. Eaby is one of the prominent and progressive business men of Lan- caster county, whose influence is ever exerted in public enterprises tending to the public good. His wide experience in business and mercantile life, together with his native ability and sound judg- ment, make him one of those natural leaders among men whose counsels are ever sought and prized by the discerning public. JOHN L. HERR. Few names are more widely known or more highly respected in the State of Pennsylvania than that of Herr, and among its BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 255 worthy representatives is John L. Herr, a retired farmer of Lancaster township, in Lancaster county. Tobias Herr, the grandfather of John L., lived and died in Strasburg township, having been one of the successful farmers of that locality, a very estimable man in every way. His children were: Benjamin, deceased, who was a well-known law- yer in the city of Lancaster; John, who was a far- mer in this county ; David, who combined farming and the confectionery business, and who died in Lancaster; Tobias, who became the father of John L. ; Elizabeth, deceased, who was the wife of John Hoffman ; Hettie, deceased, who was the second wife of John Hoffman; and Anna, who married John Shenk. Tobias Herr (2), son of Tobias, was born in Strasburg township. May 29, 1813, and followed an agricultural life until his death, in 1865. In 1845 he located on the farm now occupied by John L., it remaining the property of his father-in-law, John Landis, until he purchased it in 1861. For a number of years Tobias Herr was one of the school directors in his township, and he was a lead- ing member of the Old Mennonite Church. In poli- tics he was a Republican. Tobias was married Feb. 13, 1838, to Miss Susannah Landis, who was torn April 7, 1814. The two children of this mar- riage were : Salena L., who married Benjamin Gambler, of Manor township ; and John L., of this sketch. John L. Herr was born in Strasburg township, Aug. 29, 1840, and he was five years of age when his parents moved to his present farm. His edu- cation was obtained in the common schools of Lan- caster, and later he engaged in the milling busi- ness for one year. For a year prior to his father's death, John L. managed the home farm, and con- tinued to farm for the estate during the follow- ing year, and then purchased the property. Since that time he has devoted his attention to the in- telligent and scientific farming which has made him one of the most successful and prosperous agriculturists of the locality. Mr. Herr has taken great interest in making his place both comfortable and attractive. The estate comprises 131 acres and is situated on the Marietta pike road, about one- half mile from the city of Lancaster, and adjoins the property of the late Ex-President Buchanan, which is now occupied by G. B. Wilson. On April i, 1897, Mr. Herr retired from active farming operations, taking up his residence in a very handsome home which he had built in the near neighborhood. In politics he has always voted the Republican ticket, and for fourteen years has been a school director. For a number of years he has been a director in the Lancaster County National Bank, and is a leading member of the Old Men- nonite Church. John L. Herr married Fannie L. Brubaker, who was a daughter of Andrew and Annie Brubaker, of East Hempfield township, and to this union were born four children: Landis B., who has managed the home farm since his father's retirement ; John B., who met with an accident which caused his death on Oct. 7, 1881 ; Annie, who married Emlyn B. Mylin, of West Lampeter township; and Fannie, who married Elias B. Groff, of Stras- burg township. Mr. Herr is one of the most highly esteenled citizens of the locality in which his life has been passed, and a man of sterling honesty, and one who has always been interested in every enterprise cal- culated to advance the interests of his locality. BRENEMAN SITLER McLANE,. deputy re- corder of deeds of Lancaster county, whose cozy home is at No. 109 North Lime street, Lancaster, is a most popular and deserving oiScial. He springs from an old family, his grandfather, James Mc- Lane, bom in New York July 14, 1795, coming to Washington Borough, Pa., on a raft. He engaged in the hotel business in the Borough, and in early days no less than eighteen taverns were needed to supply the demands of travelers and lumbermen who floated their lumber down the Susquehanna. Mr. McLane's ancestors were Scotch-Irish, and his grandfather was one of five brothers, one of whom moved to Maryland, one to Erie, Pa., and two to the West. William McLane, father of the subject of this sketch, was born in Washington borough, this county, and was a river pilot, cabinet maker and tobacco farmer. He died at the age of sixty-one years in 1881. William McLane married Susan Sitler, daughter of Abraham Sitler, a farmer of York county, whose grandfather, Matthias Sitler, of Baltimore, descended from Baron Von Sitler, of Germany. A tradition of the family states that the children of the Baron, who was a devout Catho- lic, turned Protestant, and in consequence were dis- inherited and moved to this country. American heirs are now looking up German estates of the family with a view of contesting them. Breneman S. McLane was born in Washington' borough March 28, 1848, and was educated in the public schools of the place, afterward taking a course at the State Normal at Millersville. After teaching school for fourteen years, during eight of which he was also a justice of the peace, he re- signed to accept a position in the court house. His first position in 1880 was a clerkship in the Re- corder's office under the late John P. Good, and with the exception of a few months he has since been employed in the same office. He served under Recorder H. M. Myers, and was Deputy under Benjamin Longenecker. After serving two years under Sheriff D. K. Barkholder, he went back to the Recorder's office under E. L. Reinhold, and be- came deputy under Recorders H. C. Lehman, Abra- ham Summy, and Jacob H. Hoober; and in Janu- ary, 1901, became deputy under Charles B. Keller, now in office. 256 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER .COUNTY Mr. McLane married Miss Mary A. Maynard in 1876. Mrs. McLane's mother was a daughter of the late Adam Kendig, who was a member of the oldest and wealthiest family in Conestoga town- ship. HON. CHRISTIAN C. KAUFFMAN. For more than a century and a half members of the Kauffman family have borne a prominent part in the affairs of Lancaster county, and the representatives of each generation have in turn added strength and influence to the family name. In 1734 there emigrated to America from Ger- many one Christian Kauffman, who settled in Manor township/ Lancaster Co., Pa., where he died March ii> 1799- His wife, who in her maidenhood was Barbara Bear, died Jan. 12, i8ai. The children of this pioneer couple were three sons— Christian, Isaac and Benjamin — and three daughters — Elizabeth, Barbara and Anna— and their descendants are now scattered over the entire State. Isaac Kauffman, son of Christian, the emigrant, was born in Manor township in 1762, and died Jan. 4, 1826. About .1786 he married Catharine Baugh- man, whose death occurred July 9, 1833. They were the parents of the following named children : Chris- tian, Isaac, Maria, Barbara, John, Catharine, Ben- jamin, Anna, Andrew I., Elizabeth, Susan and Mag- dalena. Andrew I. Kauffman, son of Isaac, was born Aug. 24, 1802, in Manor township, and passed the larger portion of his life there, with farming as his chief occupation. He became prominent in public affairs, and in 1836-37 represented his district in the State Legislature. In 1850 he removed to Cumber- land county. Pa., where he carried on farming for three years, and then located in Mechanicsburg, that county, engaging in mercantile business, in which he continued until his death, Dec. 14, 1861. On March 24, 1825, Andrew I. Kauffman wedded Miss Catherine Shuman, who was born July 16, 1806, a daughter of Christian Shuman, of Manor township. She died May 18, 1875, the mother of sixteen chil- dren, as follows : Christian S., Isaac B., Annie S., Amos, Maria, Levi, Elizabeth, Daniel S., Elias, An- drew John, Benjamin, Catherine, Martha, Joseph, Mary and Joseph C, of whom ten grew to maturity. Andrew I. Kauffman was a Mennonite in religious faith, and served his people as a preacher. Christian S. Kauffman, father of Christian C. Kauffman, the subject proper of this article, was born in the village of Washington, Manor township, June 12, 1828, and died Nov. 9, 1897. When quite young he left school and entered the employ of a storekeeper at Safe Harbor, with whom he remained many years, rising from the position of errand boy to that of clerk, and later to a partnership in the busi- ness. After fifteen years in the mercantile business in Safe Harbor he purchased the Cordelia Furnace, near Columbia, and for nearly forty years contin- ued in the iron business. He assisted in the build- ing of the Bound Brook railroad, for the Philadel- phia & New York railroad, Reading & Columbia railroad and Port Deposit railroad, and was the or- ganizer of the Columbia Iron Company and Sus- quehanna Iron Company, two of the leading indus- tries in the State, and general manager of the Co- lumbia Iron Company. In politics he affiliated with the Republican party, and he was a delegate to the convention which nominated Abraham Lincoln for the Presidency. He served two terms in the State Senate, and was a candidate for Congress from the Lancaster District. Upon the election of Gov. Pol- lock to the governorship of the State he was given a position on the governor's staff, with the rank of colonel, by which title he was called during the re- mainder of his life. Col. Kauffman was active in the work of the Presbyterian Church, in which he held a number of official positions. Fraternally he was a well-known member, the organizer and first mas- ter, of the Masonic lodge at Columbia. Christian S. Kauffman married Jane McClung Strickler, and the following named children were born to them: Clara Virginia, who married Senator James W. Lee, of Pittsburg, Pa. ; Jane McClung, wife of Sam- uel McCuen, a merchant and capitalist of Oil City, Pa. ; Christian C. ; Hugh McClung, who died in his eighth year ; and Catherine and Allen, both of whom died in infancy. Mrs. Jane McClung Strickler Kauffman died in 1869. Christian C. Kauffman was born in Columbia, Pa., April 7, 1857, and has made his native town his permanent home. His preliminary literary training was received in the schools of Columbia, after which he entered Shoemaker's Academy, at Chambers- burg, Pa., and he subsequently graduated from the scientific department of Williston Seminary, East Hampton, Mass. Having chosen the law_ as his pro- fession, he entered upon a course of reading, and on May 3, 1878, was admitted to the Bar of Lancaster county. On May 10, 1884, he was admitted to prac- tice in the Supreme court. After being admitted to the Bar Mr. Kauffman opened an office in Colum- bia, where he has acquired a successful practice. He has attained a high position in commercial in- terests as well as in the law. He is solicitor for the borough of Columbia, for the Columbia school dis- trict, Columbia Lace Company and Columbia Silk Mills, manager of the East Columbia Land Com- pany, president and general manager of the Colum- bia Iron Company, president of the New Haven Iron & Steel Company, general manager of the Schuyl- kill Haven Iron Co., and a director of the Susque- hanna Iron & Steel Company. In addition to the companies in which he is personally interested, there are a number of industries which have been per- manently located in Columbia through his efforts, among them the Ashley & Bailey Silk Mills and the Columbia Lace Company of Scotland. He is one of the organizers, vice-president and solicitor of the Columbia Trust Company, chairman of the execu- tive committee of the National Bar Iron & Steel As- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 257 sociation, and a director in the Pennsylvania For- estry Association._ in 1883 Mr. ' Kauffman was married to Miss Margaret R. Wilson, daughter of Hiram Wilson, a merchant of Columbia. Four children have come to gladden their home, viz. : Helen Jean, James Lee, Elizabeth Wilson and Margaret. Both Mr. and Mrs. Kaufifman are members of and active workers in the Presbyterian Church of Columbia, he being presi- dent of the board of trustees. In politics Mr. Kauft'man is, and has been from boyhood, an ardent RepubUcan. But he is not one of the subservient kind, ready at all times to obey the orders of the bosses, to come and go at the crack of the party whip, as was shown by the independent course he pursued in the State Legislature, of which he was a member. He was among the first to assert his independence of thought and action, to work and vote for the good of the State instead of the inter- ests of the bosses. His course during his two terms in the lower branch of the Legislature gave him a reputation for integrity and ability throughout the entire State, and to show their appreciation of his course his constituents, at the close of his second term in the House, nominated and elected him to the State Senate. In his native borough of Columbia, out of 1,200 votes polled, he received all but about sixty. In the Senate he followed the same course he had pursued in the House, and was a leader of the Independents, doing good service in the cause of re- form. At the close of his Senatorial term he was placed in nomination by the Republicans of his dis- trict for a second term, but after one of the hardest political battles ever fought in the State over a seat in the State Senate he was defeated for nomination. Mr. Kaufifman was elected to the lower branch of the State Legislature in 1887 and again in 1889, and served on the following committees : Banks, Bureau of Statistics, Judiciary, General, Manufactures and Railroads, acting as secretary, of the last named. During his service in the House he introduced and secured the passage of a bill appropriating, to each of the eighty-one commands of Pennsylvania troops engaged in the battle of Gettysburg, fifteen hundred dollars, to be used in the purchase of monuments and markers with which to mark the position of the commands in the greatest battle of modern times. In 1894 he was elected to the State Senate, and served on the following committees: Judiciary, General Pensions, Federal Relations, Forestry, Mili- tary Afifairs, and as chairman of the Game and Fish committee. He was a charter member of the Young Men's Republican Club, and is a member of the Vigilant Volunteer Fire Company of Columbia. He is president of the Columbia Hospital Association. In every movement for the advancement of the moral and material welfare of the community Mr. Kauffman has borne an active part, and is always found on the side of. progress, while his foresight and wisdom have been of inestimable value to his fellow citizens. He was a leader in the Republican 17 fight in Pennsylvania, in 1900, for better govern- ment, and with Hon. John Wanamaker made 170 speeches throughout the State on that issue. He made the speech placing Air. Wanamaker in nomina- tion for United States senator, and was the leader of this fight to the end. It was in this campaign that Mr. Kauffman established his reputation as a con- vincing and eloquent campaign speaker. Mr. Kauff- man is a prominent member of the Masonic fra- ternity in Pennsylvania. ENGLE. In 1753 there came from the Canton of Basel, Switzerland, one Ulrich Engle and his wife, Anna Brechtbill. They sailed with their fam- ily from Rotterdam by way of Cowes, a seaport town on the Isle of Wight, in a ship called the "Phoenix," under the command of Capt. John Spurrier. They landed at Philadelphia, Pa., on Oct. I, 1754 and located at what is now called "Wild Cat," a station on the Pennsylvania Rail- road, west of Marietta. Here they passed the re- mainder of their lives, and their remains are in- terred. in a small burying ground on that old home- stead. The record of their children is as follows: Ulrich, Jr., who married Martha Bixler; John, who married Elizabeth Schock ; Jacob, who mar- ried Fanny Schock ; Annie, who married Henry Grove. Christianna, who married Jacob Musser; Catherine, who married Benjamin Musser, Bar- bara, who married one of the Witmer family and another who also married into the Witmer family. (II) John Engle, son of Ulrich, the emigrant, married Elizabeth Schock. They lived and died in Conoy township and their remains were laid to rest there in a graveyard on the farm owned in 1901 by Simon H. Engle. The record of their family is as follows: Jacob, who married Martha Strickler; John, who married Hester Long; Annie, who married John Heisey; Elizabeth, who married John Gish ; and Fannie, who married John Hoff- man. (III) Jacob Engle, son of John, married Mar- tha Strickler, and they were the parents of eight children: John, married to Catherine Nissley; Henry, married to Nancy Brubaker; Jacob, mar- ried to Barbara Wolgemuth; David, married to Mary Hamaker; Elizabeth, married to Rudolph Good; Martha, who died unmarried in 1831 ; Fan- nie, married to Jacob N. Graybill; and Susannah, married to John P. Graybill. (IV) David Engle, son of Jacob, and great- grandson of Ulrich, was born Feb. 20, 1820, and died Dec. 9, 1897. He married Mary Hamaker, who was born .Sept. 17, 1820, and their wedding occurred Nov. 25, 1841. They were the parents of six children, as follows: Amos, who married Martha Greider; EHzabeth, who married B. E. Masterson ; Aaron, unmarried ; Mary, who married Samuel S. Hoffman; David, who married Char- lotte Eby; and Elias J., deceased. The Engle family has played an important part 258 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS CF LANCASTER COUNTY in the life of the community from the time of their location here, and their influence for good has made itself distinctly felt. Jacob Engle, son of Ulrich, the emigrant, was the founder of the River Brethren Church, a branch of the Mennonite faith to which he and his family belonged. While in the beginning no attempt was made to form a sep- arate organization, about 1776 such an organization was effected and Jacob became the first bishop of the new church, and his descendants to-day are ac- tively engaged m religious work. (IV) In the fourth generation from Ulrich Engle, through Jacob, the founder of the River. Brethren Church, and John, his son, who was a farmer of Conoy township and a highly respected member of the community, we find Daniel Engle, son of John, the farmer, born in 18 12 in Conoy township. Daniel had such opportunities for an education as the times and place granted, and up- on reaching manhood, he, too, began to till the soil. He was the first and also one of the largest' to- bacco growers of his day, and besides operated the Marietta nurseries, which in 1853 he established on the old homestead, and which are now carried on by his sons. Daniel Engle took an active part in the religious affairs and like his father belonged to the River Brethren Church. He was chief among those who aided in the organization of the Mutual Insurance Company, becoming its secre- tary. He married Mary Graybill, daughter of Christian Graybill, a well-to-do farmer of East Donegal township, and in their family of children were: John G. ; Hiram, who died in 1874, and Daniel G. John. G. and Daniel G. now carry on the nursery business under the firm name of Engle and Brother. Daniel Engle died Aug. 17, 1888. DANIEL G. ENGLE, of the firm of Engle & iBro., proprietor of the Engletree Stock Farm, was born July i, 1853, and was educated in the common schools and the State Normal School at Millersville, Pa., and in Bryant & Stratton's Business College, Philadelphia. For two terms he taught school in East Donegal township. Of late years he has taken an active part in politics, and like all his family is an ardent Republican. He has served in the bor- ough council, and was chairman of its Finance committee. His stock farm is knov^m all over the country, and he has had some noted animals. In 1885 he purchased the celebrated "Storm King" in Kentucky, and since then the Engletree Stock Farm has been the home of many horses well known on the turf. On Sept. 21, 1880, Mr. Engle married Miss Minnie Stahl, daughter of the late George W. Stahl, a lumber merchant of Marietta. To this union have been born four children : Rheta, Daniel (deceased), Franklin S. and Minnie S. Among the children of Jacob Engle, founder of the River Brethren Church, was Henry, who be- came a fuller in the woolen mills of Bainbridge, and also followed farming on Conoy Creek. He married Hannah Mjers, who bore him twelve chil- dren, as follows : Jacob, who died young ; Michael ; Henry M. : Mary; John; Jacob;' Martha; Daniel; twins who died unnamed ; Annie, and Jesse. Henry died at the age of sixty-seven and his wife Hannah, when she was aged thirty-eight. HON. HENRY M. ENGLE, son of Henry and Hannah (Myers) Engle, was born in Conoy township, April 11, 1819, and was edu- cated in the primitive schools of the day. He remained with his father until his marriage, when he purchased his present property and en- gaged there in general farming and market gardening. Since 1864 he has given his attention more exclusively to the nursery business, in which he has been most successful. Associated with Levi S. Reist, Hiram Engle and Alexander Harris, Mr. Engle organized the Lancaster Horticultural Soci- ety, later known as the Agricultural and Horticul- tural Society, of which Mr. Engle served for a long time as president. He is a member of the American Pomological Society, and upon the organization of the State Board of Agriculture was the first dele- gate sent by the Lancaster county Society to the State board. His active interest in these various societies has contributed not a little to their suc- cess, and among his fellow citizens he has ex- erted a remarkable power for good. In politics he was first a Whig, then a Republican and now a Prohibitionist. He has served as a school director and in 1871-72 represented his district in the State Legislature. In religious belief he is connected with the River Brethren Church. On Dec. 19, 1839, Mr. Engle was married to Elizabeth Breneman, who bore him eight children. Enos, Mary, Uriah, Anna, two that died in in- fancy, Anna and Ezra. By his second wife, Lizzie Musser, one child Horace, was born, now a resi- dent of Virginia. In 1875 Mr. Engle married Miss Fannie Nissley, and their nine children were: Liz- zie, who died in childhood; Ella, Harvey, Abbie and Henry, all of whom died of diphtheria; Jennie, Samuel, Elmer and Emma. GEORGE T. WESEMAN, M. D. (deceased), was born in the Kingdom of Hanover, North Ger- many, in 1 82 1, and died in Bainbridge, Lancaster Co., Pa., June 7, 1894. He came to America in 1845, making his home in Pennsylvania, and he was living at Millersburg at the outbreak of the Civil war. He promptly enlisted, entering as a surgeon and served throughout the bloody struggle. His services in the war were those of a brave and intel- ligent soldier, and he was wounded in the battles of Antietam and Winchester. When the war was ended he returned to Pennsylvania. Dr. Weseman acquired a fine education in his native country, having graduated from the Univer- sities of Goettingen and Heidelberg, and on his ar- rival in this countrv soon made his mark on the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 259 ■communities where he settled, in Pottsville and in Northumberland, where he remained ten years, building up a large practice. In 1867 Dr. Wese- man came to Bainbridge, where he speedily built up a fine practice, and became one of the leading men of the community, taking a special interest in all educational matters. Dr. Weseman was much interested in the fra- ternal orders, and belonged to Susquehanna Lodge, , No. 364, F. & A. M. ; Donegal Castle, K. P. ; .and Bainbridge Lodge, L O. O. F., of which he became the first noble grand, at its institution, in 1868. In the Lancaster County Medical Society he was a faithful worker, and for over fifty years he was a loyal and devoted member of the Methodist Church. He was a Republican in his political relations, and proved himself always a faithful and public- spirited citizen. Dr. Weseman was twice married, his first wife ■ dying while he was in the army. His second mar- Tiage, in 1868, was to Miss Florence M. Smith, who -was born in Bainbridge, daughter, of Jacob and An- geline (Christ) Smith, natives of Bainbridge and of Carroll county, Md., respectively. Both are now deceased. Her father was a farmer, and operated "boats on the canal. He died in 1881, at the age of •fifty-seven years, his widow surviving until 1897, Teaching the age of seventy years. They had the following 'children : Florence M. ; Henry E., who IS deceased; Middleton C, now engaged in the -Agricultural Department at Washington, D. C. ; Mary, who died young; Orlando, in the far West; and Mary E. and Milton, who both died young. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Florence M. Weseman were John and Elizabeth (Hoffman) Smith, farming people and life-long residents of Bainbridge. The maternal grandparents were Ja- cob and Elizabeth (Hide) Christ, the former of whom was born in Germany, and the latter in Maryland, where both died after long and useful lives. Mrs. Weseman is much respected in the com- munity in which her declining days are passing, for her kind heart, sympathetic spirit and womanly character. She is a devoted member of the Metho- •dist Church, and well sustains the honored name ■which her husband established in Bainbridge. AARON WISSLER, who conducts a foundry and general machine shop at Brunnerville, this county, was born Aug. 24, 1832, a son of Ezra Wissler, and comes from one of the old Pennsyl- -vania families. Jacob Wissler, the first member of this branch ■of the Wissler family in America, emigrated from Switzerland and sailed with his wife,- Magdalena, from Rotterdam for Philadelphia about 1720. On the voyage, together with other able-bodied men •on the vessel, he was impressed into the naval ser- vice by a man-of-war. His wife continued the journey to Philadelphia, where he joined her on the expiration of his term of service. She was em- ployed by a farmer of Germantown, and he also took service with a farmer of that locality, for a time, af- ter which they moved up the country and settled on Brandywine Creek, in Chester county, where they passed the remainder of their lives. Andrew Wiss- ler, their son, removed to Lancaster county. Pa., where he entered the employ of John Groff, an ex- tensive farmer in Clay township on the west bank of Middle Creek. In 1767 he married Anna Mag- dalena, the only daughter of his employer, and in this way became the owner of the old Groff home- stead, which was taken up in 1724 by John Jacob Groff, father of John. With the additions it was divided into four farms by Jacob Wissler, son of Andrew, as mentioned elsewherej but has ever since remained in the Wissler family. Andrew had two sons, John and Jacob, the former of whom died unmarried. Jacob Wissler, father of Ezra, was born in Clay township in 1776, son of Andrew Wissler, and was one of the successful farmers of the day, following agricultural pursuits until his death, which oc- curred in 1853. He had prospered by thrift and industry, and at the time of his death had added considerably to the old Groff homestead, dividing the whole into four farms, giving a portion each to his sons Jacob, Christian, Ezra, and Levi. He provided otherwise for his other children. He was a man of considerable energy and made three trips to Canada on horseback. He belonged to the Old Mennonite Church, but he did not ignore altogether the law of self-defense, and one of his descendants still cherishes a cane with which he defended him- self against the attack of an Indian, upon one of the trips mentioned. In 1800 Jacob Wissler mar- ried Anna, daughter of Christian Eby, and ten chil- dren were born to them, namely : Andrew, a farmer and merchant who moved to Michigan, where he died ; Jacob, a farmer ; Christian, a miller and farm- er; Magdalena, wife of Jacob Landis, of Ephrata township; Ezra, the father of our subject; John, a tanner and merchant in Canada in his early days, who later had an iron furnace at Columbia Furnace, Va., where he died; Catherine, deceased; Mary, wife of Levi Erb; Levi, a farmer; and Sem, a miller, tanner and merchant of Salem, in the Prov- ince of Ontario. Ezra Wissler, father of Aaron, for many years one of the progressive farmers of Clay township, was a son of Jacob and Anna (Eby) Wissler, and was born in Elizabeth, now Clay township, on the old Groff homestead. May 6, 1809. On Nov. 24, 183 1, he married Mary Fahnestpck Bauman, and began farming on the old homestead. He pur- chased the first threshing machine in his section, and did the threshing for quite a distance around, In 1839-40 he built a house and barn on the old Groff homestead, then mostly timber land, whiclj he cleared gradually. In 1876 Mr. Wissler sold the farm to Henry C. Brubaker, and removed to 260 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Brunnerville, Pa., where he built himself a house and where both his sons resided, Aaron having the foundry and machine shop, and John B. the store. Here his wife died in 1886, after which he had a house-keeper until his death, which occurred Nov. 3, 1891, aged eighty-two years, five months and twenty-seven days, after an illness of over six months, occasioned by pneumonia. Aaron ^^'issler lived at home until he was twen- ty-five years of age, and during his boyhood received a good practical education in the common schools. He commenced farming in Clay township, continu- ing thus for eleven years, after which he moved to Brunnerville, the place where he now resides. He bought out the foundry and machine shop of Peter Bruner, who died in 1868, and has carried on the business up to the present time, meeting with sub- stantial success. On July 31, 1898, the shops burned to the ground, but within ninety days Mr. Wissler had the re-building so far advanced that he was able to resume business. The incident is characteristic of the man, for he has throughout his career dis- played an energy of purpose and enterprising spirit which fully account for the success with which his efforts have been crowned. Mr. W'issler married in 1856 Miss Leah Keller, daughter of John H. and Cassia Keller, and to this union have been born two children. John K. works for his father and attends to his business ; he mar- ried I\Iiss Lizzie F. Longnecker, and they have had two children, \\'illiam and Edwin. Anna ]Mary is the wife of Reuben F. Hackman, and they are the parents of five children, Willis W., Ezra W^, who died when eight years of age, Elmer B., Lee Roy, and one that died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Wissler are both members of the German Baptist Church. Mr. Wissler is one of the most respected citizens of the community where he has spent a long life of usefulness. JOSEPH WARREN YOCUM was born near the Trappe, a historic village in Montgomery coun- ty, Pa., June 27, 1S43. His paternal ancestors came from Sweden, and his maternal progenitors from England, before the Revolutionary war. In their line of descendants he belongs to the seventh genera- tion. Born on a farm, inured to hardships, educated in public schools and private academy, he began teaching at the age of sixteen years, at the same time preparing for a collegiate course. In 1862, then nineteen years of age, he left the school room, and enlisted as a private in the Ii6th Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers, which served in Gen. Thomas Francis Meagher's Irish Brigade,Han- cock's 1st Division, 2d Corps, Army of the Potomac. During his three years' service he participated in every battle from Antietam to Appomattox, and rose through all the grades of an enlisted man to the rank of second and first lieutenants and captain of his regiment, and was brevetted major of U. S. Vol- unteers for gallantry in action at Bristoe Station, \'a. During Grant's Petersburg campaign he served as aid-de-camp on the staff of Brig. (5n. Ramsey. He was twice wounded in action, and at the close of the war was honorably discharged on account of wounds. Returning to civil life Mr. Yocum served for some time as deputy collector of the Seventh In- ternal Revenue District, and then entering the Sophomore class of Franklin and Marshall College, at Lancaster, resumed his studies, and was graduated therefrom, with honor, with the class of 1868. Dur- ing his college course, Mr. Yocum studied law with Hon. John B. Livingston, since President Judge of Lancaster county, and was admitted to the Bar in 1869. Following his taste for journalism, developed while in college, Mr. Yocum purchased the Columbia Spy J and on Sept. 1st, of the same year, assumed pos- session and became a citizen of Columbia. This journal was established in 1816, has been published uninterruptedly ever since, and is one of the oldest papers in the county. The anti-slavery agitation in the early part of' the last century, the enactment of the Fugitive Slave law, and the establishment of the "underground railroad," are largely responsible for the appropriation of this peculiar title for a news- paper, which i§ duplicated in the title of only one other journal in America. The Daily Spy is a clean, bright and neatly printed newspaper. Its large cir- culation and the quality of its patrons attest its in- fluence, standing and usefulness. It is ardently de- voted to the promotion of the best interests of Co- lumbia, to which its editor has also given his per- sonal influence and effort, and with which he has been closely and pecuniarily identified. ^Ir. Yocum has been closely associated with many of the prominent financial and industrial en- terprises of the town. He was among the incorpora- tors of the Columbia Iron Company, The Columbia Grey Iron Company, The East Columbia Land Com- pany and the Columbia Trust Company, with all of which he has been actively identified either as a di- rector, or president, secretary or treasurer. In more recent movements for industrial development he was officially identified with the establishment of the Columbia Lace and Silk mills, together employing more than a thousand hands. In the fraternal orders, Alajor Yocum has filled a prominent part. He is a past commander and the quartermaster of Gen. Welsh Post, No. 118, G. A. R.. ; past master of Columbia Lodge, No. 286, F. & A. M. ; past high priest and treasurer of Corinthian Chapter, No. 224, R. A. M. ; a member of Cyrene Commandery, No. 34, Knights Templar, of Susque- hanna Lodge, No. 80, I. O. O. F., and of Columbia- Assembly, No. 20, A. O. M. P. !Mr. Yocum was born in the Lutheran Church and educated in the Reformed Church, but for the past thirty-four years has been identified with the Presbyterian Church, officially as a trustee for twen- ty-one years, part of the time as president and treas- urer, respectively ; and for nearly as man}' years witK BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 261 the Sunday-school as teacher, secretary and super- intendent. On June i, 1871, Mr. Yocum was married to Miss Annie Elizabeth Herr, of Lancaster city, a ■daughter of the late Christian B. and Maria Light Herr, and a lineal descendant of Hans Herr, the pioneer settler and first Christian .minister in Lan- caster county. To them were born two children — a daughter who died in infancy, and a son, Howard Herr Yocum, who graduated from Princeton Uni- versity in 1898, as the first honor man of his class, and with the award of the Mathematical Fellowship for a post-graduate course. He subsequently studied law and was, in 1902, admitted to the Philadelphia J3ar. JOHN REYNOLDS was born in Lancaster •county in 1787, son of William Reynolds, who had come to this country in 1762. William married Catharine Ferree Lefevre, and served in the Rev- olutionary war. John Reynolds was for many years editor of the Lancaster Journal before it became consolidated -with the Intelligencer. After his retirement from •editorial work, he was chosen guardian of the chil- dren of Thomas B. Coleman, and assumed charge of the famous Coleman iron works at Cornwall, Lebanon county, until in 1847. He was a member of the Legislature from Lancaster in 1822 and 1823. He died at Baltimore, May 11, 1853. John Reynolds was the father of Admiral William Rey- nolds, Gen. John F. Reynolds, and James L. Reynolds. Admiral William Reynolds, brother of Gen. John F. Reynolds, was born at Lancaster, Pa., Dec. 18, 1815. He was appointed a midshipman NotT. 17, 183 1, and served in Wilkes' exploring expedi- tion from 1838 to 1842, receiving his commission as a lieutenant while with it. He was assigned to ■duty in the Sandwich Islands, and remained there imtil in 1861, when he was made commander of the naval forces at Port Royal. He became a commo- -dore in 1870, and served as Acting Secretary of the Navy in 1873 and 1874, and was made a Rear- Ad- miral Dec. 12, 1873. He was soon after placed upon the retired list, and died Nov. 5, 1879, ^^'^ was buried in the Lancaster cemetery. Gen. John F. Reynolds was born at Lancaster Sept. 21, 1820, son of John and Lydia (Moore) Rey- nolds. He received a common school education, and in 1837 became a cadet at West Point, from -which he graduated with high honors in 184 1. He -was then appointed a lieutenant in the Third U. S. Artillery, stationed at Baltimore and Charleston. When the Mexican war broke out he was sent into service, and at Monterey, was breveted major for gallantry. After the war with Mexico he was stationed in command of various posts throughout the cotmtry until the Rebellion began in 1861. In August, 1861, Major Reynolds was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers, and was assigned to the command of the First Brigade of Pennsylvania Reserves. He took part in the campaign of the Army of the Potomac, and was in the battle known as the "Seven Days" battle, in Virginia. He also fought in General Pope's army during that general's dis- astrous campaign in August, 1862. On Sept. 12, 1862, he took command of the 75,000 militia called out to prevent the invasion of Pennsylvania.^ After Lee's defeat at Antietam, Gen. Reynolds rejoined the Army of the Potomac. He captured the Confed- erate works at Fredericksburg, and was appointed its military governor. He led the advance of the Union army at Gettysburg, where he lost his life on July I, 1863. His body is interred in Lancaster cemetery. Gen. Reynolds was one of our country's greatest soldiers, and his troops had the warmest affection for him. James Lefevre Reynolds, a brother of Gen. John F. Reynolds, was born in March, 1822, and received a collegiate education at Mercersburg, in Marshall College. He studied law under John R. Montgomery, Esq., at Lancaster and was admitted to the bar Nov. 22, 1844. In 1862 he was appointed superintendent of the draft in Lancaster county, and in 1863 he was appointed quartermaster-general for Pennsylvania. In 1872 he was elected a member of the Constitutional Convention, which assembled in 1873. He died at Lancaster April 5, 1880, and is interred in Lancaster cemetery. HENRY S. KEYLOR, a venerable and much respected farmer of Colerain township, was born in Bart township, April i, 1836, his parents being John and Sarah (Meginness) Keylor. John Key- lor was born in Germany, and his wife, Sarah, was born in Lancaster county. They made a home in Bart township, where they lived and died. Of their four living children, Henry S. Keylor is the young- est. Henry S. Keylor was reared to manhood on the Bart farm, where he received the advantages of a district school education. He was married Feb. 16, -1864, to Martha E., a daughter of Francis and Nancy (Kerr) Scott. Mr. Scott was born in Colerain township in 1799, and died in 1872; Nancy, his wife, was born in 1800, and died in 1891. Her father, WilHam Kerr, was a soldier in the Revolution and crossed the Delaware with Gen. Washington on the memor- able night of Dec. 25, 1776. Of their family of eight children, six are still living: Nancy J., the wife of William F. Stevenson, of Colerain town- ship ; Margaret E., who died unmarried ; John C, born in Colerain township, a resident of Lafayette, Ore., where he has a family of four children, Adam, Jerome, Margaret and George; James K., now a resident of Colerain township, who married Amelia Mendenhall, has two children living, Marshall and Margaret E., now Mrs. Frank Swisher, and who celebrated his Golden Wedding March 16, 1900; Jackson, who married Amanda Hudson, lives in 262 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Wilmington, Del., and has two daughters, Mary E., Mrs. Carpenter, of Delaware; and Annie F., of Wilmington; Frank, now living retired in San Diego, Cal. ; Anna M., the widow of George M. Keylor, of Wilmington, whose only child, Thomas Bayard, died young; Martha E., Mrs. Henry S. Keylor. Frank, mentioned above, married Sarah Brady, of Colerain township, who died in Dela- ware, leaving one daughter, Mabel, who died young. For his second wife he married Sally S. Wood- bury, in Denver. She died in Los Angeles, Cali- fornia. Mrs. Keylor was born in Colerain township, July 22, 1839, was educated in the home schools, and when she was married, she and her husband settled on the old Keylor homestead, where they lived from 1864 to 1880. That year they moved to her father's old home. In 1890 Mr. Keylor put up there a new house, and also a large tobacco shed and out buildings. To him and his wife have been born five children : Anna L., who was born in 1864, and who died Aug. 5, 1866; John M. and Frank S., twins, born in January, 1867, the for- mer of whom died in childhood, and the latter was educated in the home schools, remaining at home until manhood, when he became a civil and stationary engineer; Nannie A., born in Bart town- ship, who was educated in the local schools and is living at home, unmarried; Martha Nelda, who died in childhood. Mrs. Keylor belongs to the United Presbyterian Church, and while her husband is not a member, he is a liberal contributor to the support of this church, to which Nannie A. also belongs. Mr. Keylor is a Democrat, and has been a supervisor in Colerain township. Frank Keylor is a charter member of Bart Castle, No. 328, Knights of the Golden Eagle, and also a member of the Grand Castle of K. G. E. of Pennsylvania. Henry S. Keylor is a brother of Milton Keylor' and a relative of John Meginness, his mother be- longing to that family. ELIAS HOFFMAN WITMER, M. D., of Nefifsville, is widely known in Penns;ylvania and elsewhere both as a physician and as a poultry fan- cier. He breeds fine poultry as a pastime from his professional duties. Dr. Witmer comes from an old Pennsylvania family, and his grandfather, a farmer, was born in Lancaster county. His father, John Witmer, also a farmer, who died forty years since, was born in Raphe township. He married Miss Maria Hoff- man, daughter of the late Michael Hoffman, of AA^est Hempfield township, and ten children were born of this union, seven of whom are living: Jos- eph H., a farmer living near Indianapolis, Ind. ; Christian H., a farmer of Silver Sprinaf, Lancas- ter county: Samuel H., of Lancaster; Mary, wife of David Baker, retired, of Landisville ; Barbara, wife of Henry Baker, a farmer of Silver Spring ; Fanny, unmarried, making her home with her two married sisters; Elias H. The Doctor was born in Rapho township March 24, 1853, and was educated in the public schools- of Lancaster county. He afterward attended the State Normal at Millersville, and upon leaving that institution taught school four years in East Hemp- field township, making a record for progressive ideas and industry second to that of no other teach- er in the community. He then began the study of medicine and surgery under the direction of Dr. S. T. Davis, afterward taking the medical course in the University of Pennsylvania, graduating in 1877. He then began practice at Landisville, re- maining there one year, when he removed to Neffs- ville, where he has since resided and practiced. Some four years after his advent into Neffsville he purchased the commodious mansion of the late Dr. E. J. Bowman, one of the finest homes in the vicinity, where the Doctor has his office, and also maintains a well selected stock of drugs for the use of the public. Dr. Witmer married April 10, 1879, Miss Ella, daughter of Franklin Sutton, one of Lancaster's best known citizens, and descended from one of Pennsylvania's leading families. Two children were born to this union : Miss Mabel Irene, whoi graduated in the class of 1901 from the State Nor- mal School at Millersville; and Charles Howard,, who graduated from the same institution in the class of 1902. Dr. Witmer has been a school director of Man- heim township for nineteen years, during most of that time serving as secretary of the board, and has been president of the Lancaster County School Di- rectors' Institute. Although a member of the Church of God in Lancaster, he has been a regular attendant of the Lutheran Church, and superinten- dent of the Nefifsville Union Sunday-school since its organization, twenty years ago; it is one of the largest and best known Sunday-schools in the coun- ty. In his professional capacity the Doctor is a member of the Lancaster City and County Medical Society. He is a member and vice-president of the National Bantam Association of the United .States and Canada and treasurer of the Pennsyl- vania State Poultry Association, in which he has also been honored with other official positions. As a poultry fancier no man in the State is more widely known. He has exhibited his poultry at county and State fairs time and again, and also . at the World's Fair in Chicago, and at the Pan-American Exposition at Bufifalo. He has won hundreds of premiums, in Lancaster, Philadelphia, New York,. Washington, Boston and Chicago. The Doctor is a Republican, and has given lib- erally of time and means for his party's success. He was a delegate to the Republican State Con- vention that nominated James A. Beaver for gov- ernor in the year he was elected. In 1898 the Doc- tor stood for a seat in the Legislature, but although BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 263 he received the larg'est vote on the ticket was de- feated with the balance of it. When elected to the State convention he had 1,300 more votes than the next highest on the ticket, a fine endorsement of his personal and political worth. With, a splendid practice, the owner of the only drug store in Neffsville, and with imusual political strength, Dr. Witmer is to be congratulated on his prospects for a bright future. GIDEON H. SMITH, prison inspector for Lancaster county, general blacksmith, and carriage builder at Silver Spring, in West Hempfield town- ship, was born in Rapho township, this county, March 20, 1846, a son of Gideon and Mary (Hart- horn) Smith, natives, respectively, of West Hemp- field and West Donegal townships'. Gideon Smith was a farmer, and was also agent for the Champion Agricultural Implement Co., and died in Springfield, Ohio, in 1880, when sixty years old, leaving his 'widow and only child, Gideon H., to mourn his loss, and who both continued their residence in Lancaster county, Pa. Mrs. Mary (Harthorn) Smith, who was born in 1821, subse- quently married Henry Moore, a farmer, and now lives in Oreville, this county. She is a devoted member of the United Brethren Church. Six chil- dren blessed her second marriage, viz. : Henry, keeper of the county prison at Lancaster; John, a farmer on the homestead ; Anna, wife of John For- rey, of West Hempfield township, and of whom more may be read on another page of this work; Mary and Sadie, unmarried and still at home; and Elizabeth, wife of Roland Greiner, toll-gatekeeper in Leacock township. The paternal grandfather of Gideon H. Smith was John K. Smith, a farmer, whose first wife, a member of the Mumma family, became the mother of Gideon Smith. For his second wife John K. Smith married Magdalina Sterline. Gideon H. Smith was reared on the home farm until fifteen years old, and then began at the black- smith's trade under Emanuel Will, in Columbia, but that gentleman died a year later ; young Gideon H. then drifted into the quartermaster's department in the volunteer army, in which he served from 1863 to 1865. He was next sent to the frontier in Kansas and Colorado, where he served five years. On his return home, he worked for Col. Kauffman in a smelting furnace for two years, and then be- gan work at his trade on his own account. On Dec. 7, 1871, Gideon H. Smith was married in Columbia, Pa., to Miss Catherine B. Kaufifman, who has borne him five children, namely: Laura, wife of Charles Ditzler, a farmer at .Silver Spring; and Alice, Jennie, Carrie and Mazy, all still at home. Mrs. Kate B. (Kaufifman) Smith was born in West Hempfield township Aug. 29, 1846, a daughter of David and Susan (Bishop) Kaufiman. David Kauffman was a teamster, and was employed in hauling ore from the banks in his township to Pitts- burg. He and wife were parents of four- children, viz. : Abraham, a farmer in West Hempfield town- ship, and of whom a full life-sketch is given else- where ; Harry ; Martha ; and Kate B. David Kaufif- man died Aug. 30, 1847, when forty-three years old, in the faith of the Mennonites, and Mrs. Susan (Bishop) Kaufifman died Nov. 14, 1873, at the age of fifty-five, a faithful follower of the teachings of the United Brethren denomination, and they were buried in the Columbia and Ironville ceme- teries, respectively. In politics, Gideon H. Smith is a Republican, and he was elected prison inspector in 1897, and was re-elected in 1900. Fraternally, he is a mem- ber of the I. 0- O. F., the I. O. M. C, and the Jr. O. U. -A.. M. The family stand high in social circles, and Mr. Smith is classed among the "solid men" of West Hempfield township and Lancaster county, where, as well as in Rapho township, his integrity is well known, and where he has friends that are warm and true as well as innumerable. REV. J. N. GROFF. Among the widely-known and highly esteemed citizens of Lancaster county, is Rev. J. N. Grofif, who for many years has been a man of high character, and a Christian leader of zeal and power. Mr. Grofif was born in East Providence town- ship, in this county, in March, 1836, a son of Thomas and Mary A. (Newlin) Grofif. Thomas Groff was born also in Providence township, in Jiine, 1 8 10, and his wife was born in. the town of Marietta, in May, 1813, she being the daughter of Thomas Newlin, who is remembered as one of the leading citizens of that town. The Groff family traces an honorable ancestry back into the eigh- teenth century. Great-grandfather John Groff who married a member of the Kendig family, coming from Switzerland, of German parentage. '\ Henry Groff, the grandfather of Rev. J. N., of this sketch, was born in Providence township and married Rosanna Myers, who was born in Berks county, in this State. He settled in Providence township as one of the pioneers, and lived to an advanced age, rearing a family of seven children. Bitterly opposed to slavery, he first embraced the principles of the Whig party, but later became an enthusiastic Republican. Both he and wife were consistent members of the Old Mennonite Church. I Their children were : John, married Susan Herr, and lived for a number of years, in Providence township, and then moved to Ohio, where he died at an advanced age, leaving a family which worth- ily upholds the old name in that State ; Jacob, born in Providence township, married Susan Stoneroad, and settled in Providence, where he died at the age of forty-five years, leaving three sons and one daughter, who are still residents of this county; Anna, born in Providence, now deceased, was the wife of John Barr, who settled in Eden township, and she left two children, who live in this county; 264 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Thomas was the father of our subject; Susan, de- ceased, was the wife of the late John Myers, of Coler- ain township, and a large family survives them; Benjamm, born in Providence, located in Mifflin county. Pa., where for many years he was a mer- chant, and at death left a large family; Elizabeth, the youngest of the family, never married, but died in the old home. Thomas Groff married in 1835, Mary A. New- lin, and they settled on a farm in Providence, near his old home, and there they lived out their quiet, peaceful lives, beloved and esteemed by their friends and neighbors. Thomas survived until the age of eighty-six years, but his wife passed out of life in 1 85 1. Both had been most worthy and consistent members of the Mennonite Church, and their lives exemplified their Christian belief. Although never a politician, Thomas Groff was a stanch member of the Republican party, formerly a Whig, and was intelligently interested all his life in public affairs. The nine children born to Thomas Groff and wife were: (i) J. N., is mentioned in full below. (2) Elizabeth, born in 1837, married Absalom Goch- nauer, of this county, and they settled in Provi- dence, where she died in 1895, leaving a family of eight children, Mary A., Anna, Adam, Henry, John, Aldus, Franklin and Sue. (3) Rosanna, born in 1839, is the wife of Abram Dennis, of New Providence, and their children are, Harry, Thad- deus, Charles, Emma, Cassius, John, Mary, Jennie and Mable. (4) Henry, born in 1841, grew up in the old home and first married Mary Wise, of this county, and for a time they lived in Eden township, moving later to Providence, where his wife died, leaving these three sons, Elwood, Newlin and Wallace H. The second marriage of Henry Groff was to Miss Lettie Peoples, of this county, and they now reside in- Providence, on his farm; their chil- dren are, Wilmer P., Clement, Martha, and Mary. (5) Benjamin, born in Providence township, in 1843, enlisted for service in the Civil war, from Lancaster county, at Philadelphia, with his brother Henry, and after serving through his first tenti, he re-enlisted and was killed in Virginia while on picket duty, by a sharpshooter, giving up his young life to his country. (6) Susan, born in 1845, is single, and lives with her brother Henry, in his home. (7) Fannie, born in 1847, is the wife of Rev. Tobias Brubaker, who resides in Providence township, and their children are, Aldus, Frank, Emma, Lizzie, Harry and Annie. (8) Simon died in childhood. (9) Michael also died young. Rev. J. N. Groff grew to manhood on the old farm, and attended the common schools in his dis- trict, later taking a course of study in the Millers- ville Normal School, and fitting himself for the pro- fession of teaching, which he followed for three years in the public schools of Lancaster county. In October, 1859, Rev. Grofif was united in mar- riage to Miss Marv R. Howett, the estimable daugh- ter of John and Elizabeth Howett, natives of Chester county, who later settled in Providence township, in Lancaster county, and Mrs. Groff was born in Eden township Dec. 22, 1839. After marriage the young couple settled down on a farm in this town- ship, where Mr. Groff was engaged in agricultural pursuits for the succeeding ten years, moving then to Providence township, where for five years he successfully carried on a mercantile business, later engaging in farming. In 1888 he purchased his present farm in Quarryville borough, and this has been his home. Mrs. Groff died in 1891, leaving these children: (i) Mary I., born in April, 1865, in 1888 married Harry K. Hess, of Providence, a son of Benjamin Hess, one of the county's most prominent citizens. Mr. Hess was born in 1862, and after marriage he and wife lived with his parents until his' death, in 1896, leaving one son, Park E., born in 1892. Mrs. Hess lives with her father in Quarryville. (2) John F., born in 1866, married Miss Anna M. Swinehart and now resides in Eden township ; their two sons are Willis and Paul. (3) Frank S., born in 1868, married Miss Annie Reese, of this county, and they are now residents of Providence township ; and their three children are Rodney, Murcher and Cornelia. (4) Emma L., born in 1870, is the wife of Charles A. Aument, and she died in April, 1900, at their home in Bart township, leaving two sons, Robert and Harry. (.5) Morris A., born in 1873, married Miss Lizzie Edwards, of this county, and they now re- side in Colerain township; they have no family. (6) Jacob N., born in 1878, is single, and resides at home. (7) Chester E., born in December, 1884, was educated in the High school of this borough, and resides with his father. In 1884, Mr. Grofif was licensed to preach the Gospel, and in 1889 he was ordained a deacon of the Methodist Church, and he fills the office of local preacher. Since ordination he has become well known through the vicinity, as he has ac- ceptably filled many of the pulpits. A man of high character and sterling worth, he well merits the es- teem in which he is held by the community. Politically Mr. Groff has always been thorough- ly identified with the Republican party, and has taken a prominent part in public affairs. He has been one of the efficient councilmen, and was its very capable president when this borough was or- ganized. In religious matters he has taken an act- ive part since his youth, has served as one of the trustees of the Methodist Church, has been for an extended period one of the stewards and a class leader of power. His assistance was of note in the building of the Quarryville Methodist Church, and he is known for his estimable traits of character, not only in religious but also in public and social circles 'in this locality. SQUIRE FRANK M. TROUT, surveyor and conveyancer, residing in Bart township, Lancaster county, was born in the township where his useful BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 265 career has so far been passed, Feb. 26, 1846, son of George and Maria (Eckman) Trout. John Trout, his grandfather, was born in 1790, in Lancaster county, his parents coming from Ger- many. He married Mary Ferree, also a native of Lancaster county, daughter of Samuel Ferree, who came here from Germany with his widowed mother, Mrs. Daniel Ferree, and bought a thousand acres of land in Providence township from the estate of William Penn. John Trout settled at Mt. Pleasant, in Bart township, where he lived and died, working as a carpenter for many years, and also doing work as an undertaker. He was the father of ten chil- dren : (i) Barbara, born in 1812, married John Smith, and died at Christiana, Sadsbury township, leaving one daughter, Loretta. (2) Hannah, born in 1813, married John Neidich, of Paradise town- ship, and died leaving four children: Mary T., Susie E., wife of George H. Hawthorn, of Lancas- caster City; John M., a resident of Lancaster, who married Hetty Lemmon ; and Hannah, wife of Sam- uel McClune. (3) George is mentioned below. (4) Susan, born in 1816, was the wife of George Heidlebaugh, and both are deceased. Their family consisted of Samuel ; Mary E., wife of Jacob Lan- dis; Letitia; and Frank B., all residents of Lan- caster. (5) Mary, born in 1820, married Augustus B. Miller, and both died in Lancaster, leaving the following children : Anna, wife of Isaac L. Bau- man, of Lancaster ; Naomi C, of Lancaster ; and Winslow A., married and residing at Steelton, Dau- phin county. (6) John F., born in 1821, married Sarah Bower, and for a number of years lived in Bart township, then moved to Lancaster, where he and his wife died, leaving the following named •children: Jacob S., who married Viola Moore, of Christiana, where they reside; Joseph H., of Lan- caster, who married Ida Foulk; Christ S., deceased.; Benjamin, a grocer in Lancaster; Mary J., wife of Joshua Chamberlain, and living in Philadelphia; and Lettie, who is unmarried, and lives in Stras- burg Borough, (y) Abraham, born in 1823, mar- ried Elizabeth Mancha, and spent his life on a farm in Bart township, where he and his wife died, leaving the following children : Edwin J., of Chris- tiana; Naomi, wife of J. C. Watson, a prominent coal operator of Barnum, W. Va. ; Alice, who mar- ried Daniel K. Landis, by whom she had one daugh- ter, Mary, and for her second husband married John Lytle, a merchant of Strasburg; A. Ferree, a farmer in Ba.rt township, who married Katie Gearheart; and Frank T., a resident of West Vir- ginia, who married Ella Leech. (8) Henry, born in 1825, married Elizabeth Bowman, and lives on his farm in Strasburg township. They have had five children : Flam, a miller of Strasburg : Frank J., a farmer in Bart township, who married Lizzie A. Huber, of Lancaster county; Elmer J., who married Phoebe J. Howey, and lives in Lancaster city; Henry F., married and engaged in farming in Bart township; and Anna, wife of Amos B. Lemon, of Strasburg township. (9) • Catherine, born in 1829, is the wife of Jacob J. Bachman, of Bart township, and has no family. (10) Anna E., born in 1832, is the wife of Benjamin R. Hand, a merchant of Goldsboro, N. C, and has one daugh- ter, EJva, now the wife of Henry Epting, a drug- gist of that city. George Trout, born Feb.„4, 1815, in Bart town- ship, was educated in the district schools of that township. In 1844 he married Maria Eckman, who was born in Colerain in 18 10, daughter of Jacob and Catharine E",ckman. They settled in Bart town- ship on a farm, which later passed into the posses- sion of his son, and he was very successful, finally buying a large farm in Mt. Pleasant, on which he made his home the rest of his life, passing away in 1893. The widow is still living, and resides with her son, Frank M., whose career is the theme of this writing. George Trout was a member of the Reformed Mennonite Church, as is also his widow, and in every way they were regarded as good Chris- tian people. In politics Mr. Trout was an enthu- siastic Republican from the earliest organization of the party. He left two children : Frank M. : and Mary, who was born in Bart township in March, 1849. The daughter was reared at home and ac- quired her early education in the local schools ; she attended high school at Oxford and at Chris- tiana, and for several years was a very successful teacher. In 1873 she married Dr. B. F. Rogers, of Millersville, who has since become a surgeon in the United States Navy, and is now at Manila. He has traveled all over the world. For some three years they had their home at Annapolis, when he was stationed there. When he was abroad his wife remained at the home of her parents, where she died in 1886, leaving one daughter, Zaidie L., now a resident of Lancaster county, a young woman of much character and culture, who was graduated from the Lititz high school. Jacob Eckman, father of Maria (Eckman) Trout, was born in 1786, one of the seven children of John Eckman, who owned several hundred acres of land in Colerain township, and was an officer in the Revolutionary war. Jacob. Eckman married Catharine Miller, who was born in 1788, and they had ten children : ( i ) Maria, already spoken of, was born in 1810. (2) Elizabeth, born in 1813, • married a Kirkwood, and settled in Richland coun- ty, Ohio, where they raised a large family, now scattered through the Middle West. (3) Susan, born in 1814, married William Brabson, and lived in Lancaster and Perry counties until the breaking out of the Civil war, when Mr. Brabson joined the army and died in the service. They had three chil- dren, Frank, Emma and Hannah. They together with their mother are residents of Logan county, Ohio. (4) Catharine, bom in 1817, married Amos Griest, and to this union were born six children, Kate, Emma, Nettie, Ella, Annie and Marion, all residents of Lancaster county. (5) Isaac, born in 266 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1818, had no family. (6) Miller, born in 1820, married Elizabeth Eckman; they had one son, George E., who has been for many years a clerk in the Lancaster PostofHce. (7) Joshua, born in 1823, married Mary Brown ; they had one daughter, Etha- linde, who married James Marsh, a merchant of Philadelphia. (8) David, born in 1825, married Elizabeth Montgomery, and had five children, El- mira, Kate, Lizzie, Louisa and David, all of whom are residents of Kansas City, Mo. (9) Jacob, born in 1828, married Lizzie Horner, and had one son, W. Boyd. They are residents of Philadelphia. (10) Hester A., born in 1830, married Christian Kreider, and has no family. Of the above family of ten children, seven at this writing (1903) sur- vive, their combined ages amounting to five hu- dred and ninety-one years. Frank M. Trout received his early education in the home schools and in the Academy at Lancas- ter. His successful career began in the school room, where he was a teacher of pronounced abil- ity. This work he followed for some twelve years, in both public and private schools, and it was dur- ing this time that he took up the study of survey- ing, which he began to follow in 1883. Immediate success crowned his efforts, and he is now having all the work he can possibly accomplish. Mr. Trout was married in 1867 to Miss S. Alice Cooper, daughter of William P., and Anna (Wal- ker) Cooper. Her father was the founder of the large woolen mills at one time very extensively operated in Georgetown, Bart township. Mrs. Trout was born in 1844, in Bart township, and there she received her early education. Later she was a student at the State Normal School at Mil- lersville, and for a number of years was a very . successful teacher in Bart and Sadsbury townships. Her parents moved to New Jersey, where they died, leaving a family : J. P., who is in California ; A. W., in New Jersey ; Willie A., living in Philadel- phia; and Mrs. Trout, the only one of the family who resides in Lancaster county. 'Mr. and Mrs. Trout first settled on the old home farm near Mf. Pleasant, where they remained until in 1890, he purchased the home in which his parents began their married life, and in that home they are found at the present time. To him and his good wife have come the following family: (i) B. Frank, born in 1876, graduated from the Ohio University as a civil engineer, and is now employed on the Pennsylvania railroad, having his headquar- ters at Harrisburg. He married Miss Myrtle Don- aldson, of Pittsburg. They have no family. (2) Mazie A., born in 1878, was educated in the Octo- raro Academy, and for four years has been en- gaged very successfully in teaching in Chester and Lancaster counties. (3) Clara M., born in 1880, is the wife of Edwin S. Hersh, of Strasburg town- ship, and is the mother of one son, Earl. (4) Willa Blanche, born in 1S82, is at home. (5) Park, born in 1883, is a farmer at home. (6) jerry P., born in 1886, and (7) Maurice R., born in 1890, are at- tending school. Squire Trout has always been a Republican, and in 1889 was elected county surveyor; he was re-elected in 1892 and served until 1895. In 1885 he was elected justice of the peace in Bart town- ship, and has served continuously in that position to the present time, his term of office not expiring until 1965. He has also been auditor of the town- ship, and school director, is a popular and respected citizen of his community, and has always taken a leading part in its affairs. He and his wife are both members of the Octoraro Presbyterian Church, where their many good qualities command a hearty recognition. The Trouts are an old and honored family in Lancaster county, and .Squire Trout \ worthily sustains the good name of his forefathers.- CHARLES SCOTT YEAGER, the enterpris- ing and successful publisher of the well-known Ephrata Review, one of the most prosperous and best conducted journals in Lancaster county, was born Jan. i, 1864, son of John J. and Rebecca (Wickel) Yeager, the former of whom was one of the best known educators in Lancaster county. Many of the pupils of John J. Yeager are promi- nent in social, business and religious life, and all felt his influence in shaping their careers. John J. Yeager was born Nov. 27, 1827, and died Oct. 7, 1892. On Dec. 21, 1856, he wedded Rebecca Wickel, who survives and resides with her daughter in Ephrata. To this union were born: Annie, born Feb. 24, 1858, married Christian E. King, of Ephrata, and they have one daughter, Miriam R. ; John J., Jr., born Jan. 30, 1861, who became an efficient teacher in the public schools, and who later was associated with his brother in the newspaper business, married Miss Linda Fahnestock, and at his death, Nov. 6, 1886, left his widow with one daughter, Elsie; and Charles Scott, the immediate subject of this biography. Charles S. Yeager was born in Ephrata, and passed from its excellent Academy into active work- aday life, entering a printing office in 1878, and thoroughly learning the trade in all its branches. On Feb. 10, 1883, in connection with his brother, he bought the Review from its former owner, H'. S. Rice, the paper having been founded . in 1878 by D. S. and J. W. Von Nieda. Since that time, Mr. Yeager has conducted a clean, newsy, up-to- date journal, devoted to the best interests of the locality, and he has received much encouragement. The paper is issued weekly and is neutral in poli- tics, and is conducted more in the interests of the borough and county than as a political medium, its subscription list running as high as 2,000 copies each week, and steadily increasing. On March 29, 1886, Mr. Yeager was married to M"iss Martha ]\Iast, daughter of Daniel and Eliz- abeth (Zug) Mast, who was one of a family of seven .children : Henry, a resident of the State of BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 267 Maryland ; Annie, deceased wife of Solomon Yoder, of Tennessee; Elizabeth, wife of Shem Zook, of West Liberty, Ohio; Sarah, wife of Lewis Yoder,. of Long Green, Md., deceased; John, of Virginia; and Emma, wife of Moses Nafzinger, of Long Green, Md. To Mr. and Mrs. Yeager four chil- dren have been born: Arthur M., born June 17, 1889; Edith May, born Aug. 12, 1894; Laura El- len, born Aug. 25, 1897; and Charles Scott, Jr., born April 30, 1900. As one of the leading citi- zens o'f Ephrata, Mr. Yeager exerts a wide influ- ence, and it is ever in the direction of progress and in the interest of education and enlightenment. At the head of a great paper, he is in a position of usefulness, and he takes a prominent part in every movement for the community's good. FRANKLIN J. EVANS. Through his capa- ble supervision of important business interests, Mr, Evans has gained a position among the representa- tive business men of Lancaster. He is a member of a pioneer family of this county and was born near Neffsville, July 9, |i85S, a son of Benjamin and Elizabeth (Groff) Evans. His paternal grand- parents, John and Elizabeth Evans, lived upon a farm in this county, and were honored and re- spected citizens. The inaternal grandfather, Mar- tin Grofif, was also the owner of an improved farm in the same locality." Tracing the family genealogy, we find that the Evans ancestors were of Scotch- Irish extraction, while the Grofif family came from Switzerland. Though for years in early life a tiller of the soil, Benjamin Evans made the meat business his principal occupation, and conducted a trade in that line from the time of his settlement in Lancaster until his death, which occurred May i, 1900, at sixty-nine years of age. His wife, who was born in March, 1829, now makes her home with a daugh- ter at Bareville, Lancaster county ; both became iden- tified with the German Baptist Brethren Church at an early age, and he was buried in the cemetery of that denomination at Nefifsville. The children born of their union are as follows : Alfred D., a farmer on the Fruitville pike, Manheim township ; Sadie, wife of Jeremiah Stump, of Bareville; Franklin J., of Lancaster ; John M., deceased ; Mary E., who died at the age of seventeen years ; Elizabeth, wife of J. W. Lansinger, an instructor and the treasurer of Millersville Normal School ; William L., a farm- er in Manheim township, and also a partner of his brother, Franklin J., in the meat business ; and Benjamin G., who is a farmer and butcher in Man- heim township. While still an infant, Franklin J. Evans was brought to Lancaster by his parents, but at the age of nine years he returned to the old Groff home- stead, and four years later removed to another farm on the Fruitville pike, Mrhere his brother, William L., now resides. After four years there the family returned to Lancaster. Under the instruction and oversight of his father he early gained a thorough knowledge of the meat business, and thus was qualified to conduct the industry with success, April I, 1882, he was made a partner in the business under the firm title of Benjamin Evans & Co., and April 2, 1894, he and his brother, William L., be- came equal partners, since which time they have continued together. The duties connected with his market occupy Mr. Evans' entire attention, to the exclusion of politics or other public affairs. Reared in the faith of the German Baptist Brethren de- nomination, he has always remained a faithful member of the same and has been a contributor tO' its benevolences. At Petersburg, Pa., in October, 1877, occurred the marriage of Mr. Evans to Amanda L. Zimmer- man, who was born in Petersburg in September,. 1856, being a daughter of Henry and Leah (Long- enecker) Zimmerman, residents of Lancaster coun- ty. Her father, who combined the occupations of farmer and tailor, died at Petersburg, after which Mrs. Zimmerman made her home with Mrs. Evans until her death. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Evans- comprises the following children: Minnie M., Benjamin F., Elizabeth Z. and Paul Z. The older daughter is the wife of Samuel Shultz and has two- children, Ruth and Samuel James. JEREMIAH HERR, whose name is tamiliar to all acquainted with the farming circles of Lan- caster county as that of a capable and successful representative of the agricultural interests of that flourishing county, has a beautiful country home two miles from the city of Lancaster. He was born near Lime Valley, West Lampeter township, June 26, 1836, a son of Elias and Elizabeth (Hershey) Herr, natives of West Lampeter township. Rev.- Bishop Christian Herr, the grandfather of Jere- miah, was a man widely known and much respected for his Godly character and pure life. Jeremiah Herr was born on the old homestead^ and secured his education at the local schools. Re- maining at home he assisted his father on the farm- until his marriage, which occurred Nov. 29, 1859, when Miss Elizabeth K. Landis became his wife. The young couple made their home on the farm he has since occupied, and which belonged to his ma- ternal grandfather, Andrew Hershey. There he has made his home to the present time, devoting himself to its cultivation. It contains 185 acres, and is classed among the very best farms of the county, having improvements of the highest grade. On it are two brick residences, the one occupied by his son-in-law, and the other, erected in 1887, a thoroughly modern one, regarded as one of the finest farm houses in the county, is occupied by Mr. Herr. ]\Irs. Jeremiah Herr was a daughter of Benja- min and Elizabeth (Kreider) Landis, and was born in East Lampeter township, Nov. 5, 1837. She died Oct. 29, 1891, the mother of four chil- 268 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY dren: (i) Anna E., born Sept. 6, i860, died Nov. 10, 1864. (2) Elias L., born July 31, 1862, mar- ried Katie W. Brubaker, and died March 31, 1890, leaving his v^fidow with two children, Benjamin B. and Annie B. ; the widowed mother died June 4, 1897. (3) Elizabeth L., born Jan. 15, 1865, is the wiie of Henry H. Shenk, and they reside on the Herr homestead; they are the parents of one child, Emma H. (4) Emma L., born May 25, 1867, pre- sides over the father's home. They are all con- sistent and honored members of the Old Menhonite Church. SIMON PETER EBY, distinguished in horti- culture, arboriculture and the law, is a descendant of a family who came to America from Switzerland in 1715 to escape religious persecution at home. He is a direct descendant of Theodorus Eby, who was horn in Canton Zurich, Switzerland, April 25, 1663. When William Penn threw open the doors of Pennsylvania to honorable men of all religious per- suasions, there were many Mennonites to avail themselves of the opportunity for a home and life in a land of peace and honor. Among them was Theodorus Eby, son of Bishop Jacob Eby, who came in 1715; his nephew, Peter, arrived five years later, and Nicholas Eby, of the same family, crossed the ocean more than a hundred years afterward. The Ebys were long prominent in the Mennonite Church. Rev. Benjamin Eby, presiding bishop of the Mennonites in Canada, married a Brubaker and left a family of eleven children. Bishop Peter Eby, elder brother of Bishop Benjamin, was noted for his eloquence, and was likened by many to the dis- tinguished Thaddeus Stevens. He was a Mennon- ite bishop in Lancaster county for many years. John Eby, the grandfather of Simon P., was the third son of Christian and Catherine (Bricker) Ebv, and was born in the old homestead in what is now Elizabeth township, Lancaster county. The old mill that his father built for him in 1790 was his home from early manhood. He died May 25, 1845, and is buried in the family graveyard. On July i, 1794, he married Maria Witwer who was born Aug. 25, 1773 ; she survived him eleven years, and died Aug. 29, 1856. To this marriage were born eight children, among them Elias, the father of Simon P. Elias Eby was born Feb. 21, 1806, and died Sept. 11, 1862. He married Elizabeth Erb, a member of another numerous and influential family of Lancas- ter county, and they became the parents of three children: Simon Peter; Mary E., wife of John Longenecker ; and Eliza Ann, who died Oct. 3, 1878. Simon P. Eby was born at Willow Banks Mills, in Elizabeth township, Lancaster county, Aug. i, 1827. His ancestors having been builders as well as operators of mills for five generations, it was the intention of his father that Simon P. should follow in their footsteps. For that purpose he gave him only a limited education, but what he had was of the best, in that he was a pupil in the Beck School at Lititz. However, there was awakened in the mind of the young Eby a thirst for knowledge and a de- termination to study law. While working in the mill he studied Blackstone far into the night, and in the early morning when on watch. At the age of seventeen he was installed in the mill, and rose rapidly from position to position, until he became his father's assistant in a general and varied business of milling, farming and ore hauling, this last enterprise employing some thirty horses. But he still retained his dream of the law, and in 1850 came the turning point of his life in the total destruction of his fa- ther's mills by fire and the obliteration of the sav- ings of a life-time of honest work. Friends came to the assistance of that worthy gentleman, the mill was rebuilt, and the people of the county elected him • sheriff, but he was never able to recover the lost ground. His debts were gradually paid, as those of an honorable man. Having.been elected sheriff, he came to Lancaster to live, and in the spring of 1852 Simon P. Eby began the reading of law in the office of the late Hon. I. E. Hiester, being admitted to the Bar two years later. For several years he shared the office of Mr. Hiester, and then removed to Wid- myer's Row, in 1863 becoming an occupant of part of the office of Nathaniel Ellmaker. So long as that distinguished gentleman lived the two were together, and there never arose the slightest trouble between them. Mr. Eby is still occupying the office accom- modations which he shared with Mr. Ellmaker as long as that gentleman lived. Mr. Eby has always been noted for his broad and liberal ideas, and, while never seeking office, he has insisted that a citizen should be interested in poli- tics, as part of his debt due to his country. Mr. Eby was a member of the school board of Lancaster six years, and iinally declined continuance in the posi- tion. For a time he was chairman of the committee on Night Schools, and became so interested in this valuable work that- he delivered a course of lectures to the boys on American History. He strenuously advocated the introduction of the study of German into the public schools of the city. For twenty-one years he has served as a vestryman in St. James Episcopal Church, and was one of the trustees and treasurer of the Bishop Bowman Church Home, an institution connected with the parish of St. James. Mr. Eby belongs to the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, and is its counsel, being formerly associated with the late Hon. Marriott Brosius, both gentlemen giving their services free. Mr. Eby owns a country seat near Mountville, this county, and is an ardent horticulturist and a strong advocate of the protection of the forests. For many years he was librarian and counsel for the Lancaster County Agricultural and Horticultural Societv, and, in recognition of his enlightened ser- vices for the public in this connection, he was elected a life member of the corporation. Twice he has ap- peared alone before the Pennsylvania Legislature to plead for an act to prevent the indiscriminate de- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 269 struction of the forests, and to encourage tree planting. In 1863 Mr. Eby was married to Amelia F., a daughter of Henry Mengle, a leading citizen of Berks county, and of this union was born one son, John Henry, named for his grandfather. The son graduated from Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, class of 189 1, and afterward took a three- years course in the Michigan Mining School at Houghton. He is now living in Los Angeles, and is in the service of the Southern Pacific railroad, running from New Orleans to California. He is married, and has one son. WILLIAM SMITH HASTINGS. Among the leading farmers of Drumore township, William Smith Hastings takes a prominent place. He was born Aug. 17, 1842, a son of Jeremiah and Rebecca (Smith) Hastings, the former of whom was a na- tive of Colerain township, Lancaster county, and the latter of Chester county, belonging to the same family of Smiths as did Robert Fulton, inventor of the first steamboat. Jeremiah Hastings came of English ancestry, being of the same family as the celebrated Warren Hastings, of England. He was born March 12, 1807, a son of John Hastings, who served in the war of 1812, and who reared a family of nine chil- dren, these being: William, who was one of the first teachers in the Strasburg Academy, a bright, intelligent man, who mastered the science of Anat- omy in six weeks; Stephen, a farmer; John, a farmer ; Franklin, who became a wealthy banker of Sacramento, Ca. ; Rachel ; Maria ; Margaret ; Jane and Jeremiah. Jeremiah Hastings became the father of eight children, as follows: Mary, de- ceased; Rachel A., the wife of Benjamin White- sides, of Chester county; M. H., a farmer of Col- erain township ; William S. ; Esther J., deceased wife of William H. Hogg; Miss Rebecca M., wno lives in Philadelphia; Hannah, wife of Nathaniel Furguson, a commission merchant of Philadelphia; and Jeremiah M., a commission merchant of Phila- delphia. Jeremiah Hastings, the father, died March 3, 1879, after a life devoted chiefly to farming. He was a stanch Democrat all his life. For many years he was a representative farmer. William S. Hastings is one of the most highly esteemed and substantial farmers of this county, yet he began at the bottom of the ladder, climbing to his present position only through hard work and economy. On April 7, 1892, he was married to Miss Ida E. McSparran, of Fairfield, Drumore township. She was born April 8, 1856, a daughter of Fleming and Mary Elizabeth (Pusey) McSpar- ran, and comes from one of the leading families of Lancaster county. To Fleming McSparran and wife were born thirteen children, these being: Em- ma H., who is the wife of David Weidley, of Fair- field, Pa. ; James M., of whoih extended mention is made elsewhere ; Lydia, wife of Dr. E. M. Zell, of Lancaster county ; Edwin, who died in childhood ; Chaney, a farmer of Fulton township; Mary A., deceased; Ida E., wife of Mr. Hastings; W. F., of Drumore township, more extended mention of whom is elsewhere found; Marion, unmarried, of Drumore township; Edgar L., whose sketch also appears elsewhere; Isabel, a teacher in the Philadelphia public schools; and Margaret S. and Anna P., deceased. No children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Hastings. Mr. Hastings has always been a stanch Demo- crat, and he is a leading member of the Presby- terian church. During the Civil war he was in 1863, a volunteer in the 29th P. V. I. One of the farms owned by Mr. Hastings consists of sixty acres, at the home place, which is well improved, and another of eighty acres at the south side of Fairfield. Mr. Hastings is spoken of as a splendid neighbor, the meaning of this being that he is kind, considerate and obliging, and as such he enjoys the esteem of all with whom he is associated. DAVID BINKLEY WIDMYER, now in con- trol of the furniture and undertaking business at the corner of East King and Duke streets, Lan- caster, is the natural successor of his father, the lamented J. Harry Widmyer, who succeeded to his business from his father. Christian Widmyer, the founder .of the house. Christian Widmyer was born in Entingen, the kingdom of Wurtemberg, March 31, 1807, a son of Jacob Widmyer, an enterprising farmer who had inherited his land from his father. Christian passed his boyhood in his native place, which was located less than three miles from the Black For- est. The public schools afforded him excellent edu- cational advantages, and at the age of fourteen he was apprenticed to learn the cabinet maker's trade. During dull seasons he still assisted his father on the farm. At the age of seventeen he went to Vienna, and worked at his trade until obliged to return home for the conscription. His name, however, was not drawn, and he so escaped military duty. After a few years more at his trade he determined to come to America. To this his mother consented on the condition that he would visit home every three years, a condition to which' he agreed, but which he was unable to fill. On June 8, 1830, at the age of twenty-three, he em- barked with two friends from Havre, and after for- ty-seven days on the water landed at New York. Failing to find work at his trade either in New York or Philadelphia, he found his means exhausted. Being advised to go to Lancaster, he made the journey on foot accompanied by a Frenchman. A few days after reaching the city (Sept. 23, 1830), he" found work with Robert Porter, a cabinet ma- ker, with whom he remained until the following year, when he entered the employ of John Christ, remaining with him for several years. He then went to Philadelphia, but not liking his work there, re- 270 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY turned to Lancaster and began work for John F. Shroder. In 1842 he was given an interest in the ■business, and in 1844, Mr. Shroder having been elected county treasurer, Mr. Widmyer assumed the business. In 185 1 he bought the property at East King and Duke streets, and erected the first four-story building in Lancaster. He continued in active work until 1871, when he sold out to his son J. Harry and J. F. Ricksecker. On Feb. 4, 1836, Christian Widmyer was mar- ried by Rev. John C. Baker, then pastor of Trinity Lutheran Church, to Harriet Maria Brown, daugh- ter of John and Margaret (Lind) Brown. Their -wedding trip was a Sleigh ride to New Holland and- return. On Feb. 4, 1886, the Golden Wedding- was appropriately celebrated. Mrs. Widmyer died in 1886, aged seventy-eight, and Mr. Widmyer passed away Nov. 22, 1892, aged eighty-five. Their ■children were : J. Harry ; Christian J., in the real estate business in Philadelphia; Clara, who married the late Edwin H. Brown, for a quarter of a cen- tury cashier of the Farmeirs' National Bank, and lias a son, Dr. C. H. Brown ; and a daughter, Clara, wife of H. S. Williamson ; Mary Ellen, who married D. S. Bursk, a prominent grocer of Lancaster, and has four children, Robert G., J. Howard, Hattie and Sue; and Miss Emily. Fraternally Christian Wid- ■myer was a Mason. On May 9, 1838, he joined Lodge No. 43, of which in 1857 he became a trustee, liolding that office by successive re-elections for over thirty years ; he was a member and trustee of Chap- ter No. 43, R. A. M. and of Lancaster Commandery No. 13, K. T., and a member of Goodwin Council, No. 19. When he had rounded out fifty years a Mason, in May, 1888, special services were held in the lodge room, and he was presented with a silver badge. He also belonged to the I. O. O. F., and •to the K. of P. Politically he was an ardent Demo- crat, and for several years served in the councils. In religious faith a Lutheran, he was one of the first members of St. John's Lutheran Church. He -was one of the founders of Woodward Hill cem- ■etery, and was a member of the board of trustees at the time of his death. He was also for many years a member of the board of trustees of the Home for Friendless Children. A man of the strictest integrity, he faithfully performed his duty in all positions he was called upon to fill. J. Harry Widmyer was born May 28, 1847, ^^'^ was educated in the public schools. At the age of seventeen he began to learn the cabinet maker's trade, and soon became conversant with all the details. He became . assistant superintendent of his father's factory, and when the latter retired in. 1 871, J. Harry, with the late J. F. Ricksecker, purchased the business, and conducted it under the name of Widmyer & Ricksecker, a furniture and undertak- ing business, until the death of Mr. Ricksecker., -when Mr. Widmyer assumed the sole ownership. His trade developed into large proportions, and his wares were sold in all parts of the country. In 1892 his son was admitted as a partner in the un- dertaking business. During the previous year the factory and store were remodeled and extended to meet the requirements of the greatly increased busi- ness. On April 22, 1869, J. Harry Widmyer was married to Dora S. Binkley, and one son, David B., was born to them. Mr. Widmyer died suddenly on Thanksgiving Day, 1899. He was a member of St. John's Lutheran Church, and had been secre- tary of its council for fifteen years and Librarian of the Sunday-school many years. He was a trus- tee of the Home for Friendless Children and of the Woodward Hill Cemetery Association. In the Royal Arcanum, of which he was a charter mem- ber, he had passed all the chairs. Politically he was, like his father, a Democrat, but steadfastly de- clined to hold office. No business man in Lan- caster held a higher reputation for integrity, and his success was well deserved. His impulses were generous, and his disposition genial, and his warm social nature won him many friends to whom his sudden death w^as a severe shock. David B. Widmyer, after graduating from the high school in Lancaster, attended the State Nor- mal School, at Millersville. His professional stud- ies were pursued in schools of embalming in New York and Harrisburg. He was the organizer of the Lancaster County Funeral Directors' Association, of which he was president for four years, and he was first vice-president and chairman of the ex- ecutive committee of the Pennsylvania Funeral Di- rectors' State Association. In June, 1900, Mr. Widmyer was nominated for the presidency of the Pennsylvania Association, that was held at Hazleton, declining the honor, but two years later, in June, 1902, he was elected at Gettysburg. He belongs to the Lutheran Church, and is financial secretary of St. John's Church, and- is also secretary of the Sunday school. Socially he is a charter member of the Royal Arcanum of Lan- caster, and of the Loyal Addition (a branch of the Arcanum), B. P. O. E., the Artisans Order of Mu- tual Protection, and the Knights of the Maccabees. On Oct. 5, 1893, Mr. Widmyer was married to Miss Ora E. Miller, daughter of Benjamin P. Miller, the head of the extensive grocery house of Miller & Hartman. They have one son, John Henry. Mr. Widmyer assumed the charge of the extensive business interests left to him by his father, and by his courtesy and fair dealing has maintained the standing of the old house. JOHN HERTZLER MOORE, a retired farmer and former miller in Rapho township, with his home on Big Chicques Creek, five miles from Columbia, Pa., was born in Penn township, Aug. 24, 1833, a son of Michael and Elizabeth (Hertzler) Moore. His father was born in Penn township, and his mother in Rapho township. In connection with this sketch should be read that of Phares Moore, a nephew of John Hertzler Moore, mentioned else- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 271 where, and in which will be found interesting family data. John Hertzler Moore was married May 15, 1873, to Elizabeth C. Eberly, by whom he became the fa- ther of the following children : Clara E., deceased ; Miss Florence A., at home; John M., deceased; Norman E., deceased ; and Elvin E., Martin A. and Howard E., all at home. Mrs. Elizabeth C. (Eberly) Moore was born in Cumberland county, Pa., a daughter of Moses and Elizabeth (Breneman) Eberly. Her father was torn in Cumberland county, and her mother in Manor township, Lancaster county. He died in Mechanicsburg, Pa., in August, 1898, at the age of sixty-nine years. Her mother, who was born in 1828, is still living, and has her home in Mechanics- "burg. Mr. Eberly was a farmer until three, years before his death, when he retired, and removed to Mechanicsburg. For some years he was a school director, and a leading and influential member of the Old Mennonite Church, where his clean and whole- some living, his kind heart and upright character ■commanded much respect and confidence. To him and his excellent wife were born the following chil- dren : Joseph A., a farmer in Cumberland county ; Alice Amanda, deceased ; Elizabeth C, who is noted above as Mrs. Moore; and Anna M., who died young. John Hertzler Moore remained at home under the parental roof until he reached the age of twenty- three. After this he served an apprenticeship of two years in the milling business, under his brother Michael, and then came to his present location, where he has remained to the present time, operating a mill in connection with farming, and displaying, much industry, good management and unmistakable rectitude. In 1897 he retired from active labors, and is now enjoying that rest and peace that should naturally attend the closing years of a useful and well-spent life. For many years he was a director of the First National Bank of Lancaster, from which position he only retired in April, 1901. Mrs. Moore was an especially capable woman, and dis- played fine business ability. She passed away Dec. 10, 1901. WILLIAM FREELAND HUMBLE, cashier of the Conestoga Steam Mills, Lancaster, is de- scended from a family who settled in America in 1720, and who have been extensive landowners for .generations. His maternal ancestors, the Traceys, came from Ireland, while the Freelands came from ! England. They settled in Baltimore county, Md., where they became extensive landowners, so exten- sive, indeed, that Freeland • Station (and also post office), in Baltimore county, is named after them. Mr. Humble's grandfather, Urias Freeland, lived and died in Baltimore county, and his father, Lewis Humble, came to America from Hanover, Germany, ;in 1830, settling in Baltim.ore county. He married ,.Mrs. Anna (Freeland) Allison, and they had two children, William F. and Henry, the latter a veteran of the Civil war, who, after serving gallantly all through the war of the Rebellion as a member of the 2d P. V. I. and 20th P. V. C, went to Maryland, where he still lives. Lewis Humble died in 1885, aged seventy-six years, and his wife entered into rest in 1876, aged seventy-four years and six months. William F. Humble was born in Columbia, Lan- caster county (where his father was connected with a warehouse), Oct. 7, 1843, ^^d was educated there and in Reading. After reaching manhood he be- came connected with the Philadelphia & Reading Railroad, at Lancaster, first as clerk, then as agent, and finally as general agent, remaining in the serv- ice of that company for twenty years, less six weeks. Resigning his position on Saturday, April 30, 1887, he assumed his new position in the Conestoga Steam Mills, under the late S. S. Spencer, on Monday morning. May 2d, Sunday having intervened be- tween the two positions ; and there, in the Conestoga Steam Mills, we find him to-day, occupying the re- sponsible position of cashier, after an uninterrupted service of sixteen years. Mr. Humble was married May 26, 1880, to Miss Ida Dorwart, daughter of Martin Dorwart, of Lan- caster. Two children were born to this union, one of whom died in infancy. The other, M. Alan Hum- ble, graduated at the Horner Military School at Oxford, N. C, in May, 1903, enjoying the distinc- tion of graduating at the institution when less than sixteen years old, his sixteenth birthday not occur- ring until the August after his graduation. Mr. Humble is a member of Susquehanna Lodge, No. 80, I. O. O. F., of Columbia. He be- longs to St. John's Episcopal Church, Lancaster, and is a Republican in politics. He lives at No. 133 East James street, having purchased one of the handsome and comfortable homes on that block years ago ; and, although having charge of the finan- cial affairs of a vast manufacturing business, is ever genial, and ready to give a kindly greeting and en- couraging word to those with whom he comes in contact. WHITELL L. REEL, farmer and produce dealer of Salisbury township, and one of the most respected of its citizens, was born in this township Feb. 14, 1849, son of Isaac and Mary (Landis) Reel. Isaac Reel was a successful farmer and promi- nent man in Salisbury township, where he died in June, 1893, at the age of eighty- four years, the burial taking place in Mt. Zion Church cemetery. His widow died in January, 1898, at the age of eighty-seven years. Both had been consistent mem- bers of Mt. Zion Church. In politics he was a Re- • publican. Their children were as follows : Elam, who is postmaster and farmer at Cambridge, Pa. ; Catherine, who married Amos Eagle, and lives on a farm in Salisbury township ; Solomon, Gabriel and Martin, who all died young ; Isaac, a farmer in Ches- 272 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ter county ; Amos, a farmer in Cambridge ; John, who was also a farmer, and died at the age of twenty- six; Whitell, the subject of this siietch; Mary, who married William Habler, a shoemaker of this town- ship ; and Samuel, who is a resident of Coatesville. The paternal great-grandparents of Mr. Reel were Christian and Debra Reel, who came to Amer- ica from Germany about 1770 and settled as farm- ers in Trappe, Montgomery county. The paternal, grandparents were Nicholas and Elizabeth (Setzler) Reel, farming people of Montgomery county, who came to Lancaster about 1815, and located in Salis- bury township, where the former died in 1824, aged forty-three years, and the latter in 1866, aged eighty- seven years. Both were buried in the Pequea Pres- byterian Church cemetery. Their children were: Gabriel ; Isaac ; Elizabeth, who married Linton Pat- ton; Sallie, who died unmarried at the age of fifty- two years ; Catherine, who married Philip Miller ; and Anna, who married Abra Arnold, all of these being deceased. The early days of Whitell L. Reel were spent in attendance at school and in work on the farm, where he remained until his marriage. He then engaged for some eighteen years in farming on his own ac- count, coming at that time to his present very pro- ductive property. Mr. Reel makes it his business to attend the Coatesville rnarket with produce twice a week, and enjoys a large patronage. Mr. Reel is well and favorably known in this community, and bears a reputation for honest dealing and upright methods which reflect only credit upon him. In politics he is a stanch supporter of the Republican party. He belongs to the Methodist Church, and fraternally is connected with the order of P. O. S. of A. In June, 1876, in Philadelphia, Mr. Reel was married to Miss Sallie J. Eagle, and two children were born to this union : Alvah J., a steel worker in the Coatesville Steel Works ; and Chester L., at home. Mrs. Sallie J. (Eagle) Reel was born on the farm where the family now resides, Jan. 5, 1849, daughter of Cyrus and Elizabeth (Emory) Eagle, of Salisbury township and Chester county, respect- ively. Mr. Eagle was a carpenter and undertaker, and died in March, 1881, aged sixty-five years. His widow died in 1897, aged seventy-three years. Both are buried at Cambridge, Pa. They were members of the Honeybrook M. E. Church. Their only child was Mrs. Reel. Her paternal grandparents were George and Jane Eagle, of Lancaster county, and those on the maternal side were George and Eliza- beth Emory, farming people of Chester county, all these names belonging to old and honored Penn- sylvania families. ARTHUR BURT, a well-known resident of Lancaster county, resides at Waterloo Farm — a de- lightful country seat comprising 200 acres. It is situated in Salisbury township, on the old road lead- ing from Lancaster to Philadelphia, nineteen miles east from Lancaster, and forty-four miles west from Philadelphia. Mr. Burt was born on this farm Aug. 10, 1852, a son of Col. Nathaniel and Jane (Brooke) Burt, natives, respectively, of Philadelphia and Chester county, and members of two of the most prominent families in the State of Pennsylvania. Nathaniel (2) and Mary (Lehman) Burt, the paternal grandparents of Arthur Burt, were of English and German ancestry. The former was a son of Nathaniel Burt (i), a native of England, who early made permanent settlement in the Green Isle. Nathaniel (2) came from Ireland to America in 1798, on account of political troubles and settled in Philadelphia, where he engaged in merchandis- ing and in trading in the far west with the Indians, becoming very wealthy. His family consisted of the following named children: Arthur, who was also very wealthy, and passed his life in the Quaker City ; Alice, who died unmarried in 1885 ; Mary, who is unmarried and residing in Philadelphia ; Clara, Mrs. Ashmead, who died in Germantown, Pa. ; Col. Na- thaniel, father of the gentleman whose name appears at the opening of this sketch; and Eliza, widow of George M. Wagner, also a resident of Germantown. Col. Nathaniel Burt was graduated from Prince- ton College at the age of seventeen, and for the fol- lowing two years studied law in Philadelphia, but, his eyesight having betom.e impaired from over- study, he, in 1844, retired by advice of his physician, to Waterloo Farm, having first resided in Delaware county for a year with Francis T. Fassitt, in order to get a little insight into farming. Col. Burt was quite prominent as a politician, with Free Soil pro- clivities, and at one time was a rival of Hon. Thad- deus Stevens for nomination for Congress. Later he became an ardent Republican, and was truly loyal to the Union. In 1861, at the breaking out of the war, he became a member of the First Troop, Philadelphia City Cavalry, and in 1862 he was ap- pointed Colonel of the I42d Pa. V. I. The winters of his later years he passed in Philadelphia, Florida, California and southern Europe, while his summers were spent on his farm, and at the seashore and mountain resorts. He was one of the charter mem- bers of the Union League of Philadelphia ; a member of the Philadelphia Club ; of the First Troop, Phila- delphia City Cavalry : of the Philadelphia Historical Society ; J:he Philadelphia Athenaeum ; the Skating Club ; and of other societies of lesser note. The Col- onel was a fine-looking gentleman, weighing nearly two hundred pounds, without an ounce of su- perfluous flesh, and being six feet tall, and an ath- lete in fact, as well as in appearance. Col. Burt died in January, 1893, when he was aged seventy-one, in the faith of the Protestant Episcopal Church. His remains were interred in the family vault at Laurel Hill cemetery, in the City of Brotherly Love. Col. Burt married Jane Brooke, daughter of Charles and Jane (Barde) Brooke, natives of Chester county. Pa., where the former was an extensive manufac- turer of iron, owning the Joanna Iron Furnaces, in N . ^*^*' / -^^ -■ 7if p-hy JLH. Fa-tchii^ ^^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 278 Berks county, and the Hibernia Iron Works, in Chester county. Nine children graced the union of Nathaniel and Jane (Brooke) Burt, namely: Na- thaniel, who died at the age of nine years ; Charles, who died when six years of age ; Alice, who died in Paris, France, while attending schoool, aged eight years ; Arthur, of this memoir ; Horace B., who was an attorney in Philadelphia, and died in 1891 ; Jen- nie, who died unmarried in 1898, while touring Europe; Mary, who resides with her mother at No. 1203 Walnut street, in Philadelphia; Alfred, who died at the age of thirty-three years; and Edith, still at home. Arthur Burt passed his boyhood days on the homestead and attended preparatory schools in Philadelphia and elsewhere until old enough to enter the University of Pennsylvania, at Phila- delphia, where he passed three and a half years. His health becoming somewhat impaired, he made a trip to Europe, where he recuperated considerably, and also added materially to his stock of information. On his return he resumed his residence on the home- stead farm, but continued to make his home in Phila- delphia in winter until 1892, when he settled per- manently in the country home. This charming coun- try seat was originally the home of "King Tommy" Henderson, from whom it was purchased in 1844 by the paternal grandfather of the present pro- prietor, and from that date until the present con- tinuous improvements have been made to add to its beauty. A portion of the substantial and elegant dwelling has been superadded, and hot-air furnaces and electric light apparatus introduced ; an artificial lake of three acres has been constructed, and ter- races, lawns and shade trees innumerable adorn the grounds : new stables have been erected and every modern convenience has been utilized to make this rustic home complete and the equal of any metro- politan residence. Several hothouses and conserva- tories, filled with choice and rare exotics, are also attachments of this charming abode, and the fur- niture of the interior is the ne plus ultra as to style. On Jan. 23, 1892, Arthur Burt was united in mar- riage, in Lancaster, with Miss Ella A. Plank, a most estimable young lady, who has borne him four chil- dren, namely : Nathaniel, Mary B., Arthur A. and Alfred F. B. Mrs. Ella A. (Plank) Burt was born in Lancaster county, March 6, 1869, a daughter of John N. and Elizabeth (Marshall) Plank, natives, respec- tively, of Lancaster and Chester counties. John N. Plank was an agriculturist of considerable promin- ence and influence, and had been a merchant, but as such lost much of his capital ; he died in Salisbury township, Feb. 22, i8g8, at the age of fifty-six years, and in the faith of the Episcopal Church, and his re- mains were interred in the St. John's cemetery, at Compass. In his social relations Arthur Burt, as was his father before him, is quite prominent and popular. He was formerly a member of the First Troop, Philadelphia City Cavalry ; belongs to the Union 18 League Club; Germantown Cricket Club; Fencing and Sparring Club; University Boat Club; River- ton Gun Club ; Philadelphia Athenaeum ; and is also a life member of the Philadelphia Skating Club. He was baptized in the Episcopal faith, and was long a vestryman of St. John's Church, at Compass, Ches- ter county, and still liberally contributes toward de- fraying the expenses of that parish. In politics he is a Republican. His social standing, it is needless to add, is with the elite of Philadelphia and Lancaster county, while his personal merits have won for him the unfeigned regard of all with whom he has an acquaintanceship . WILLIAM WESTLY UPP, one of the very competent of the contractors and builders of Colum- bia, Lancaster Co., Pa., was born in Wrightsville, York county, same State, Feb. 20, 1832, a son of Jacob and Rebecca (Prosser) Upp, the former of whom was born at sea within the maritime jurisdic- tion of the United States, and the latter in Shrews- bury, York Co., Pennsylvania. Jacob Upp at the age of sixteen years settled in Elizabethtown, Lancaster county, later removed to Wrightsville and finally to Marion, Ohio, where he died Dec. 6, 1882, at the age of eighty-two years. His widow afterward returned to Wrights- ville, Pa., and there died May 20, 1887, aged eighty years, lacking twenty-four days, having been born June 13, 1807. Both were sincere members of the M. E. Church. To Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Upp were born eleven children, in the following order : Ann, who was married to Michael Minnich, both de- ceased ; Henry, a contractor and builder of Freeport, 111. ; Francis, who died in Ohio : Clarkson, a farmer in Lancaster county. Pa. ; William W. ; Sarah J., who died young, in Wrightsville ; Jacob and Har- rison, who both died in the same town ; . Alford, a contractor and builder, of Grand Rapids, Mich. ; Mary, of New York City ; John, a saw-mill proprietor in Wrightsville, Pa. The paternal grandfather of this family was a native of Germany, who came to America in 1800, and by vocation was a farmer. The maternal grandparents were of English extrac- tion. William W. Upp was reared and educated in his native village of Wrightsville, and in early youth was a boatman under his father, who was the owner of several boats with which he did a lively local traffic on the Susquehanna river. The last season of the three years in which he was thus employed by his father he was himself captain of a boat plying between Philadelphia and Hollidaysville, and from Columbia to Wilkesbarre. At the age of eighteen years he made Columbia his permanent home and served an apprenticeship at the carpenter's trade for three years. Subsequently he and Mr. Schuman, one of his former employers, carried on the business together for six years ; later he was a carpenter on his own account for four years, then was a con- tractor for railroad companies for fifteen vears, and 274 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY finally resumed his vocation of contractor and builder, which he still carries on with eminent suc- cess, being generally recognized as one of the most skillful in his line in Columbia. In politics Mr. Upp is a Republican, has served as borough councilman three }ears, and for one year was president of the board. Fraternally he is a Mason in high standing, being a Knight Templar and a member of the Red Rose Camp of St. Constantine. William W. Upp was most happily united in marriage; Aug. 31, 1853, in Columbia, to Miss Ellen Ziegler. To this marriage were born : Charles, who was a railroad contractor, married Mary Park, of Marietta, Pa., and died in Baltimore, Md. ; Am- brose, who lives in Philadelphia and is a sign writer ; William, who is a bookkeeper for the Fort Wayne Railroad Company at Chicago, 111., and is married to Fanny Henry; and Harry, a telegraph operator for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company in Phila- delphia, who is married to Anna Redheiser. In re- ligion this family was reared in the Methodist Epis- copal faith. Mrs. Ellen (Ziegler) Upp is a native of Colum- bia, Pa., and is a daughter of John and Mai-ia (Lech- ler) Ziegler. John Ziegler was born in Baltimore, Md., June 15, 1785, and died in Columbia, Pa., July 8, 1836. He came to the latter place in 1800, and learned carpentering and coopering. He mar- ried Maria Lechler, in Lancaster, May 19, 1816. This lady was born in Lancaster, Jan. 14, 1798, and was a daughter of Henry and Juliana C. (Riser) Lechler, of Oley, Berks county, the former of whom was born in 1748, and the latter in 1765. George Lechler, father of Henry, came from Bavaria as a member of the colony which originally settled in Berks county and opened it to civilization. The father of John Ziegler was Francis Otto- morus Ziegler, from Alsace, France, and served on the staff of Baron von Steuben, who so nobly came to the aid of the Americans in the Revolutionary war. He died in Columbia, Pa., in 1800, within a few weeks after locating here, having been seized with a fever. Francis O. was a son of John and Anna M. (Schirsmer) Ziegler, who were the pro- prietors of a vineyard and died in France. Francis O. was a black-and-white-smith by calling and fol- lowed his trade both in France and this country. Francis O. Ziegler married in Lancaster, ■ Mary F. Houck, a native of that city, who died in Columbia, Dec. 26, 1826, at the age of sixty-five years, the mother of six children, viz. : Ann Mary, who died in Abbottstown, Pa., in 1844; John; Barbara, who died in Columbia, in 1844; Andrew, who died in Columbia in 1818; Francis, who died young; and George, who died in Columbia in 1838. The children born to John and Maria (Lechler) Ziegler were : Francis X. ; John Joseph, who was a cooper as well as a printer, and died in Xenia, 111. ; Henry D., who was a gunsmith, and died in Ports- mouth, Ohio ; George, David and Margaret A., who all died in infancy ; Mary F., who died when fifty- eight years old, married first to Henry Murray, who was killed in a railroad accident, and afterward to William Paxton ; Sarah C, of New York City, sev- enty-four years old, and the widow of John Stirling, who was a sea captain and died in Cuba ; Anna E., who married Henry Hamaker, and died in Phila- delphia in 1890; Julia C, who married John Cole, agent for a manufacturing company, and died in New York in 1894 ; Ellen, the wife of W. W. Upp ; Ambrose A., of Asheville, N. C, who was first mar- ried to Anna I'arvin, and secondly to Emma Pool. Francis X. Ziegler, son of John and Maria (Lechler) Ziegler, was born in Columbia, Pa., April 9, 1817, and taught from 1839 until 1854, his last school having been a grammar school. He was also agent for the Western Union Telegraph Company at Coluinbia for fifty-one years, and agent for the Adams Express Company for forty-two years, but lost his sight in 1896, which sad event necessitated his retirement. Francis X. Ziegler married Miss Jane Perry Martin, June 14, 1838, and to this marriage were born children as follows : Catherine C, still at the parental home ; Joseph, who went to France and was never again heard from; Marie Jane, still single; Agnes v., also single; Richard, who formerly was assistant postmaster at Harrisburg for seven years, but then resigned, and now resides in Philadelphia ; Francis E., at home; Clement, also at home; Eu- genia, who died unmarried in February, 1900; and Mary F., who still fives with her parents. Jane Perry (Martin) Ziegler was born in Phila- delphia, April 21, 1817, and is a daughter of Rich- ard and Clarissa (Perry) Martin, natives, respect- ively, of Cornwall, England, and the State of Delaware. Richard Martin was superintendent of a cracker bakery. His wife died in Philadelphia in 1820, and his own death took place in New York in 1870, Francis X. Ziegler, although sightless, retains all his other senses in perfection, and is intelligent to a degree beyond the ordinary, and has so lived that he has won the sincere esteem of all who have known him. H. H. AUMENT, superintendent of lumber and coal for the firm of F. H. Garber & Co., of Quarryville, was born in Drumore township, Lan- caster Co., Dec. 25, 1841. His parents were George and Sarah (Holtzhouse) Aument, of Lancaster county. George Aument was born in 1808, and was the son of George Aument, Sr., who was born in Ger- many and came to this country and settled in Lam- peter township, where he worked for a number of years as a wheelwright. He died at the home of his son George, father of our subject. Of his chil- dren, Jacob settled in Drumore township, where he died leaving children Elam, Aldus and Catharine; and George is our subject's father. George Aument was a wheelwright by trade. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 275 and, after his marriage, he hved for a time in Lam- peter, township, where he worlted at his trade. In 1836 he moved to Drumore township, where he pur- chased 200 acres of land, making one of the finest farms in Lancaster county. He put up good build- ings, and,^ at his death, the farm was divided into three portions for his three sons. In many respects he was a remarkable m.an. When eighty years of age he was able to cut eighty shocks of corn in a day. In politics he was an Old Line Whig, and upon the organization of the Republican party, joined its fortunes. He and his wife were members of the Reformed Church, and were known as good Christian people. Of their family of nine children three have died in infancy; Amanda, born in 1838, married Newton Groff, of Kirkwood, Colerain township, and died leaving five daughters who are all married. H. H. was the next born. John F., born in 1843, married Miss Louisa Long, of Lan- caster, and resides on a part of the old homestead in Drumore township ; he has two sons : Charles and Walter, operating the steam grist mill in Quarry- ville. Emma, born in Drumore township in 1846, is the wife of Leander Hensel, of Quarryville. George W. and Benjamin F., twins, were born in 1849 ; George, who resides on his farm in Drumore township, married Miss Sarah Wimer, of Lancaster county, and has one daughter, Lottie ; Benjamin F., who resides on a part of the homestead, married Miss Anna Ressle. of Lancaster county, and has three children : Galen, Clara and Delia. H. H. Aument received a public school educa- tion, and afterward learned the trade of wheelwright under his father. In 1862 he married Miss Mary M., daughter of Clark and Mary Phillips, of Lan- caster county. After marrying Mr. Aument lo- cated on a farm in Drumore township, and lived there until 1865, when he gave up farming, and as- sumed his trade of wheelwright. For fourteen years he followed it, and then moved to Quarryville where he worked at the carpenter trade for four years. He then engaged himself as superintendent for D. M. Bofifenmeyer, coal, lumber and grain merchant, and continued at this employment four years. He also did work for D. B. Landis-& Co.,^ who were engaged in the same trade. In 1892 he became superintendent for W. F. H. Garber, dealer in lum- ber and coal, and still continues with this house. Mr. Aument some time since purchased land in West State street and built himself' a fine home. Two children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Aument : William C, born in 1864, married Miss OUie Place, and now resides in Lancaster City, where he is engaged in railroad business ; they have one daugh- ter, Sarah. Jane Aument, born in 1868, was edu- cated in the Ashland school of the county; she is unmarried and at present is assistant post mistress at Quarryville. In politics Mr. Aument is a Republican, and for nine years filled the office of councilman of the borough ; he was also secretary of the borough for four years. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., and' has beet} secretary of that order in Quarryville for twenty-five years. He is also a member of the Ridg- ley Encampment, of Lancaster City. He and his wife are members of the Reformed Church of the borough, to which he has always given liberal sup- port. Mr. Aument is one of Quarryville's substan- tial citizens, and is held in the highest respect and esteem by all classes. He is honest, industrious and kind-hearted. He has the fullest confidence of his house, and the interests inti'usted to him are care- fully guarded. JASON K. EABY, who is a general merchant at Intercourse, Lancaster county, where he is at the present time the capable and popular postmaster, was born in this village, Jan. 10, 1840, a son of Moses and Susannah (Kurtz) Eaby, born in Leacock and Salisbury townships of Lancaster county, respective- ly. The Eaby family is descended from Theodoras Eaby, who came from Switzerland in 1715. Moses Eaby was born and reared a farmer, and followed that calling until 1834, when he turned to a mercantile career, and established the Eaby store in Intercourse, which is now in the hands of his son, Jason K. He retired in 1878, having served the community as postmaster many years. During his active life he held various local and town offices, having been school director, auditor and town clerk. Much confidence was felt in his integrity and busi- ness ability, and he was often called upon to ad- minister extensive estates. At his death, Feb. 23, 1892, he was eighty-nine years and three months old. His wife passed to her rest in June, 1882, at the age of sixty-five years. They were both buried in the Eaby cemetery in Upper Leacock township. Born to this union were the following children : Mary Ann, who died in 1893, married Amos Ober- holtzer ; Elizabeth died young ; Jason ■ K. ; Amanda married Dr. S. R. Sample, of Leacock township ; Henrv C, who married Anna Kendig, died at the age of forty-nine ; Jacob, who married Lucy Murr, is a farmer in Salisbury township ; Emma married Samuel Showalder, a farmer of Earl township, and David and Christian both died young. The parents were of the Dunkard faith. Jacob and Susannah (Miller) Eaby, the grand- parents of Jason K. Eaby, were good farming peo- ple of Lancaster. The maternal grandfather of Jason K. Eaby was Christian Kurtz, a farmer, who mar- ried a member of the Weaver family. Jason K. Eaby was married Nov. 27, 1867, in Providence township, to Amanda Zook, and the chil- dren born to this union were : Willard G., who mar- ried Eliza Musser, and is now in business with his father in Intercourse ; J. Franklin, who died young ; Joseph P., who died at the age of twenty-two years ; and Roscoe and Paul M., who are both at home with their parents. Mrs. Amanda (Zook) Eaby was born in Leacock township, Oct. i, 1848, the only child of Joseph and Frances (Dieffenbaugh) Zook, natives 276 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY of Leacock and East Lampeter townships, respec- tively, the former of whom was born in 1821, and is now a retired farmer in Intercourse, while the latter was born in 181 1. Jason K. Eaby remained at home attending the local schools, and when he was sixteen years of age was taken into his father's store. From 1866 he was associated with his father as a partner for twelve years, and when that gentleman gave up active work on account of the increasing infirmities of age the management of the store passed into the hands of the son, who has continued the business to the pres- ent time. Mr. Eaby is a Republican, and has been town clerk for twenty-five years. He has been post- master since 1874,. with the exception of the two administrations of President Cleveland. His stand- ing in business is very good, and he is a director of the New Holland National Bank, which he helped to organize. Mr. Eaby has also been a director in the Lancaster County Bank since 1883, and is secre- tary and a director of the Pennsylvania State Build- ing and Loan Association, in the organization of which he was very active. He is a man of sterling worth and genuine manliness. BRACKBILL. In 171 7 Rev. Ulrich Brackbill left Switzerland, his native land, and with his wife and only child, Ulrich, sailed for America. He was a Mennonite minister, and in the Weilers, Switzer- land, he had owned a farm, which he sold for 700 Raix dollars, equivalent to $630 American money. The journey to the new country was made via Eng- land, and the cost of traveling from the Weilers to England was nine florins, or $3.78 per head. Passage from England to Philadelphia was secured for £6 or $26.66 per passenger. Continuing on his journey from Philadelphia to Lancaster county. Rev. Brack- bill, soon after his arrival in the latter county, pur- chased 250 acres of land for £42, sterling, or $186.66. ' It was located in what is now Strasburg township, about a mile northwest of the village of Strasburg, and here in the wilderness home he began the ardu- ous labors of a pioneer. It was in 1719 that he re- ceived payment in coin for the farm which he had sold in Switzerland. He was a well-versed man, and a well known vocalist. He did not long survive his migration to America, passing away April 27, 1720. (II) Ulrich Bracklsill, his only son, was born in Switzerland in July, 1703, and he joined the meet- ing in 1 72 1. On Oct. 21, 1722, he married Fanny Herr, and to this union were born five children, namely : Fanny, who married John Herr ; John, who died unmarried ; Benedict ; Anna, who married Jacob Grofif; and Henry, who died unmarried. Ulrich Brackbill died Nov. 11, 1739, aged thirty-six years. (III) Benedict Brackbill, son of Ulrich and Fanny (Herr") Brackbill, was born in Lancaster in 1730. He was a farmer and lived to the extreme old age of ninety-two years, seven months and seven days, dying June 4, 1823. He was buried in a private burying ground in Strasburg township. which was set aside for burial purposes from the original Brackbill homestead. He had married Mary Kendig, and she lived to the age of seventy-six years, dying April 4, 1817. Among their children was Benjamin. (IV) Benjamin Brackbill, son of Benedict and Mary (Kendig) Brackbill, was born June 8, 1779. On Feb. 12, 1805, he married Elizabeth Hershey, who was born in Dauphin county. Pa., and when six years of age was brought by her parents to Salisbury township, Lancaster county. To this un- ion were born the following children : Mariah, born Nov. 17, 1805, died aged seventy-seven years, un- married: Anna, born Jan. 26, 1807, died unmarried, aged thirty-three years ; Jacob, born Feb. 18, 1809, married Barbara .Greenleaf , and lived to the age of seventy years; John, born March 25, 1811, died April 3, 1812 ; Elizabeth, born Jan. 22, 1813, died unmarried at the age of eighty-two years ; Barbara, born Nov. 27, 1815, married Benjamin Hoover ; Ben- jamin, born May 5, 1818, married Magdalina Car- penter, and is now a retired farmer in Paradise town- ship, the only survivor of the family ; Joseph, who was born in 1821 ; and Martha died unmarried, aged about forty years. Benjamin Brackbill, the father, died May 15, 1827, in his forty-eighth year. His wife. Elizabeth, who was born May 14, 1783, died June 12, 1875. (V) Joseph Brackbill, father of Rev. Christian Metzler Brackbill, was born in 1821. When only about six years old he lost his father by death. He remained with his mother on the farm until his mar- riage to Elizabeth Metzler, daughter of Christian and Anna (Warner) Metzler, of Salisbury township. They began housekeeping in Salisbury township, where they continued until the spring of 1856, when they returned to . Paradise township, and remained through life, following farming. Joseph Brackbill died Oct. 2, 1866, aged forty-one years, eight months and nineteen days. His wife, Elizabeth, died in Oc- tober, 1869, aged forty-two years, five months and three days. They were prominent members of the Mennonite church, and were buried in Hershey's Mennonite burying ground. To Joseph and Eliza- beth (Metzler) Brackbill were born children as fol- lows : Levi H., a farmer of Salisbury township, who married Susan Rauck ; Anna, unmarried, resid- ing with her brother. Rev. Christian Metzler Brack- bill ; Elizabeth, wife of John R. Eby, a farmer and implement merchant of Paradise township ; Joseph, a farmer of Salisbury township who married Alice Frantz; and Christian Metzler. (VI) Rev. Christian Metzler Brackbill, a Mennonite preacher and a farmer, was born in Salis- bury township, Dec. 5, 1853, son of Joseph and Eli- zabeth (Metzler) Brackbill. He was reared on the old farm. Orphaned when a boy. Christian re- mained with his brothers and sisters on the old farm until 1870, the property of Christian Metzler, father- in-law of Joseph Brackbill. Then Christian, a lad of seventeen years, worked for Elam Brackbill, with BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 277 whom he remained four years, attending school dur- ing the winter months. He then Hved for two years with his grandfather Christian Metzler, during the wmter of 1875 and 1876, when he was engaged in teachmg school. Attending normal school in Bed- ford county, during the summer, he again returned to the farm for a year. In the autumn of 1877 he purchased his present farm in Salisbury township, and moved to the same in the following spring. On Nov. 20, 1879, in East Lampeter township, he mar- ried Elizabeth K. Denlinger, who was born in East Lampeter township Oct. r8, 1855. To our subject and wife have been born these children : Landis E., who married Anna Denlinger, has one son, Morris, and is a clerk in a store in Salisbury township; Anna, at home ; Christian, who died aged one and a half years ; Mary, at home ; Joseph, at home ; and Lizzie, who died aged one and a half years. Mr. Brackbill was ordained a Mennonite minister Sept. 17, 1896. He had been previously for eight ■consecutive years superintendent of Hershey's Sun- day school. In politics he is a Republican. He is one of the prominent residents of Salisbury township, a leader among his fellow* men, intelligent and well informed upon current affairs, an influential farmer and business man, and a citizen whose devotion to the religious well being of the community has been marked by earnestness and signal success. CHRISTIAN C. FERGUSON (deceased), for ■many years a leading contractor and builder of Co- lumbia, Pa., was born in Manor township, Lancaster •county, in 1846, a son of James and Catherine (Christ) Ferguson, lifelong residents of that county. The father, a wagonmaker, died in 1867, at the age of. sixty-five years, and the mother passed away in 1893, at the age of eighty-two. Christian C. was the •eldest child of this union, the others being Catherine, who married John Tyson, and died at the age of twenty-four years; and Martha, wife of Isaac Broom, of Columbia. The father was married three times and had twenty-one children. At the early age of ten years Christian C. Fergu- son left home and began the battle of life for himself, working for neighboring farmers until eighteen, "when he commenced learning the carpenter's trade in Manor township. As a carpenter he engaged in ■contracting and building from the age of twenty-four years until his death, which occurred in Columbia in November, 1898. He met with success in his under- takings and was able to leave his family in comfort- able circumstances. He was an earnest and consist- •ent member of the M. E. Church, and a staunch sup- porter of the Republican party. He was thoroughly interested in whatever tended to promote the moral, intellectual and material welfare of his locality, and in his death the community realized that it had lost a valued and useful citizen. On Oct. 12, 1864, in Lancaster, Pa., Mr. Fergu- son was united in marriage with Miss Sarah A. Gurn^y, and to them were born four children, as fol- lows : Catherine, now the wife of Isaac Overhult- zer, a foreman in stove works at Lehighton, Pa., John G., a contractor and builder of Columbia; Christian, deceased; and Emory, also a contractor and builder of Columbia. Mrs. Ferguson is a native of West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, and the only child of George and Elizabeth (Hugendobler) Gurney, who were alsp born in Lancaster county. Her father, who died before her birth, was of English extraction, and a school teacher by profession. The mother was again married, her second, husband being David Kaufman, and she is now living in Silver Spring, Lancaster county, at the age of seventy-three years. By the second marriage there were four children, namely: Abraham, who conducts a coal yard in Silver Spring ; David, a resident of the same place ; Elizabeth, deceased; and Leah, wife of Horace Heidler, telegraph operator at Silver Spring. DANIEL STAPE. This venerable man, whose long life of ninety years is drawing to a close, is one of Columbia's most respected citizens. He is the seventh child of Bernard and Julian (Shaffer) Stape, and was born at a little hamlet then known as Brock- house, Nov. 19, 1812. While yet a babe in the cradle he was brought by his parents on a raft to Marietta, Lancaster county, the family settling in Maytown. The elder Stape was a shoemaker by trade, and dur- ing the war of 18 12 was an ardent patriot, and al- though his years prevented him himself carrying a musket, he carried bread to the soldiers in the field. He died in 1838, at the age of seventy-five. His wife, who was twenty years his junior, followed him to the grave in 1858, having attained the same ripe old age. Both were earnest Christians and members of the Reformed Church. Their children were : John ; Julian ; .Susan, who lived to see her eighty- second birthday, and died unmarried; Julian (2); Maria, wife of Christian Wachstetter, living at Florin,* Pa. ; Michael ; Daniel ; George, living in Illinois ; Joseph, who was killed by the fall of a horse when working in a mill ; Rosetta, who became the wife of Jacob Dowhouer; Elizabeth, who married Alva Isenberger ; and Kitty. All are now deceased except Daniel, George and Maria. Daniel Stape spent the first thirteen years of his life at home with his parents, and then went to Mount Joy, where for four years he worked on a farm and in a mill. At the age of seventeen he be- gan to learn the trade of a locksmith, at which he served an apprenticeship of four years. On Feb. 19, 1836, he married Mary, the daughter of George Yost, who removed from Montgomery county to Mount Joy in 1832. After their marriage Mr. Stape and his bride took up their residence in Columbia, where he found employment with the Pennsylvania Railway Co. as a fireman. Within a few months he entered the Company's machine shops, and after a year so spent he opened a locksmith's shop of his own. He conducted this establishment successfully 278 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY until 1897, when he retired, and he now makes his home with his son, Samuel M. Stape. Mrs. Stape died April 21, 1896, in her eighty- third year. She was the mother of five sons and two daughters, of whom Simon and Henry died in child- hood : Julian grew to womanhood, became the wife of Isaac C. Kaufman, and is now deceased; Mary is deceased ; George, a corporal in Co. K, 45th P. V. I., under General Welsh, during the Civil war, was wounded at the battle of Cold Harbor, but recovered, rejoined his command, was taken prisoner and was confined for some time in Libby prison, then trans- ferred to Andersonville, and finally to Salisbury, N. C, where he died of starvation, a martyr to his country ; Daniel, Jr., in the employ of Keeley Stove Co., married, but his wife died Dec. 28, 1900 ; and Samuel M., manager of the Western Union Tele- graph Go's, offices at Columbia, married Addie S. Kaufman. Despite his ninety years Mr. Stape is erect and active, while retaining his mental powers. It is interesting to note that today he is represented by four generations — one brother and one sister, two sons, nine grandchildren and as many more great- grandchildren. Politically Mr. Stape has been a Republican since the party's organization. He is a man of deep piety, whose Christian faith has do- minated his life from early manhood. A devout and consistent member of the First M. E. Church, he has been an actiye worker in its ranks, having been Sunday school teacher and class leader, and for twenty-five years trustee and steward. The re- counting of such lives as his is something more than a dreary chronicling of the past. It imparts a lesson and inspires hope. Faithful to every call of duty, he has walked honestly by the side of his fellows, and "humbly before his God ;" and while the eye of sense may be impaired, the spiritual vision, which is the outgrowth of faith, looks forward, clearly and calmly, to "the Beyond," which shall be eternal. FRANK NISSLEY MUMMA. Among the prominent, reliable and representative business firms of Lancaster city is the shoe firm of Keene & Mum- ma, the junior member of which is Frank Nissley Mumma. The ancestral line of Mr. Mumma, on both sides of his family, reaches back to the very early settlement of this county. Frank Nissley is in the eighth generation from Frederick Mumma, the progenitor of the family in this locality. In the masterly address delivered by the late Hon. Marriott Brosius, at the unveiling of the monument to the memory of the Revolutionary soldiers of Done- gal, Oct. 5, 1899, we find this passage, which is in- teresting in connection with a biography of Frank N. Mumma : "The Continental Congress provided for the ap- pointment of committees of Observation and Corres- pondence, in each county. Donegal was represented in that committee by Bartram Galbraith, Alexander Lowery, James Cunningham, Frederick Mumma and Robert Craig. The duty of this committee was. to attentively observe the conduct of all persons touch- ing the use or sale of interdicted articles, or opposing,, in any way, the patriotic efforts of the Colonists to free themselves from the oppression of Parliament. If any one was found delinquent in these particulars, they were declared to be enemies to American liber- ty, and thereafter patriots would abstain from deal- ing with them. Boycotting was thus early employed to promote patriotism. Few of the Donegalians, however, became amenable to this boycott, for their aggressive patriotism urged them to do too much,, rather than too litle for the cause of the Colonies, and they fully agreed with Franklin, that a cup of tea, the cost of which helped to pay the salaries of tyrants, would choke any decent American." The Frederick Mumma here spoken of was the progenitor of the Lancaster county Mummas. The parents of Frank Nissley Mumma were Jonas L. and Ellen R. (Nissley) Mumma, and they reared a family of four children : Frank N. ; Lizzie N ; Hallie N., deceased ; and Ellen Ruth. Frank N. Mumma was born on a tract of land, in Donegal, that was given by William Penn to the Presbyterians, on which to erect a church edifice, and this tract was in the possession of the Mumma family for many years. Mr. Mumma was educated at the Mount Joy high school, and at the Bryant & Stratton Commercial College, graduating with credit from the latter. The beginning of his business career was as a clerk in the Keystone Knitting Mills, in Philadelphia, from which he entered the Boston Store, in Lancaster, where he remained for three years. The succeedin.g four years he spent as a mer- chant in Roanoke, Va., returning to accept a travel- ing position with a large Philadelphia house. In 1897 Mr. Mumma returned to Lancaster and entered into a partnership with George W. Keene, in the shoe business, the firm trading as Keene & Mumma. Mr. Keene, the senior member of the firm, is a son of Capt. Keene, who is a veteran of the Civil war, and who was honored by the Republican party of Lancaster county, with an election to the office of recorder of deeds. From boyhood Mr. Keene has. been engaged in the shoe business, thoroughly under- standing its every branch. His marriage was to^ Miss Bessie Yeager, a daughter of Henry Yeager, the retired veteran marble mason, of Lancaster, and their two daughters are, Orick and Anna Mary. Mr. Mumma is unmarried and resides with his mother, at No. 138 College avenue. Socially he is connected with the Elks ; the Eagles ; the Odd Fel- low^ and the Knights of Pythias. He is a Repub- lican\in his political sympathy, but he never ob- trudes his opinions on others, his natural courtesy i making him respect the views of his friends. Both members of the popular and progressive firm of Keene & Mumma are personally justly pop- • ular, and their popularity, combined with the high standard of their goods and their honorable business methods, has resulted in the rapid growth of their BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 279 trade, so rapid that they were compelled three years ago to enlarge -their store-room, and to convert their entire basement into a storage room for dupUcate stock. In short, the shoe business of Keene & Mum- ma is not only one of the most prosperous lines in this city, but they also have one of the largest and most attractive establishments in Lancaster. It has been their idea to meet so fully the wants .of their cus- tomers in every line and in price, that no customer would feel a necessity of looking further, or of sending an order to larger cities. It reflects not only credit upon their energy and business manage- ment that they have gained so high a position in the eyes of the trade, and in the public favor, but it also reflects as much on the good sense of the residents of the city who, by patronage and encouragement, have assisted in building up in their midst so re- sponsible and honorable a business as that conducted by Keene & Mumma. CHRISTIAN GROFF, late one of the old and honored residents of Paradise township, Lancaster coimty, was born Feb. ii, 1832, son of David and Barbara (Herr) Grofif, and grandson of John Groff, and he died Jan. 23, 1903. The parents of Christian Grofif died when he was a young lad of not over ten years of age. His father was a farmer and had the following children: Abraham is now deceased; Susan is deceased ; Maria, born in 1828, is the wife of Joseph Brenneman, of Pequea ; Christian ; Fanny, married Wesley Smith, and both are deceased (she was born Feb. 8, 1837) ; Barbara, born Sept. 20, 1839, married Benjamin Leaman, of Pequea town- ship. David Grofif was born Sept. 16, 1802 ; and his wife May 9, 1809. Christian Grofif, whose name introduces this ar- ticle, was reared on the farm and educated in the public schools. When he was ten years of age he went to live with his uncle, 'Emanuel Groff, of Strasburg township, with whom he remained until he was a young man. When he was eighteen years of age he learned the shoemaking trade, but followed it only two A'ears, returning at the end of that time to the home of his uncle, Emanuel Groff, where he married, and bought the property. The farm is a mile and a quarter southwest of Paradise, and con- tains fortv-nine acres. There he lived and labored and became noted as one of the keen and shrewd business men and farmers of the community. Mr. Grofif retired from farming in 1897, passing the management of the place into the hands of a son. The preceding year he had erected a fine farm home, making the place one of the most attractive in that part of the county. On Jan. 3, 1866, Mr. Groff married Miss Eliza- beth Overly, a daughter of Isaac and Sarah (Wit- mer) Overly. Mrs. Groff was born July 24, 1840, and is the mother of two children : Isaac, born Feb. 9, 1870, married Miss Susie Wenger, who was born 'June 18, 1873. a daughter of Jonas Wenger, of Leacock township, and they have three children: Jay C, Elizabeth C. and Cora May. Isaac Groff carries on his father's farm. Sarah Groff born Feb. 23, 1872, married Amos Hershey, of Paradise town- ship, and they have six children : Christian, Enos, Nora, Milton, Amos and Maricus. Mr. Groff was connected with the Reformed Mennonite Church, while his wife holds to the Old Mennonite, as do Isaac Groff and his wife. The family is counted among the substantial and reliable ones of the town- ship. JOHN C. S. HORST (deceased) was born in Mt. Joy township, where he died Jan. 31, 1897, at the age of sixty-five years, and was buried in Mount Tunnel cemetery. He was a son of Christ and Sarah (Shaffer) Horst. They were natives of Mount Joy township, and were life-long farming people. The mother died in August, 1899, at the age of seventy- eight years. Both she and her husband were buried in Mount Tunnel cemetery. To them were born two children, John C. S., and Katie, who married Daniel Enterline, both being now deceased. On Dec. 31, 1863, John C. S. Horst married Louisa Stewart, and to their union were born the following children: (i) Sarah E., deceased; (2) Louisa F., deceased; (3) Christ S., deceased; (4) John H., who went to South Omaha, Neb., where he became a foreman for the Swift & Co. Packing House, and is now deceased; (5) Henry T., who married Louisa Weigand, and is now conducting a restaurant at his father's old stand in Elizabethtown ; and (6) Miss Mary M., at home. Mrs. Louisa (Stewart) Horst was born in Mt. Joy township, and is a memJDer of an old and distinguished family, her mother's people having been in this county since 1 7 10. She is a member of the Lutheran Church. John C. S. Horst was an active and energetic man. In 1877 he opened up a restaurant, and in 189s retired. His life was cut short two years later by paralysis. In politics he was a Democrat, and he led a thoroughly honorable and useful life, manifest- ing much character and displaying a kind and gen- erous heart. WILLIAM FREDERICK HENNECKE, who died Jan. 4, 1901, at the age of fifty-seven years, had a most interesting career. Coming to this country from Saxony when only five years old, at the age of eleven years he was engaged in the business of buy- ing rags. This business grew with his years until he had become the most prominent and successful junk dealer in Lancaster. Socially he was as pop- ular as he was successful in trade, having instituted the Knights of the Golden Eagle in the citv of Lancaster, and he was also an active member of the Knights of Pythias. Mr. Hennecke was twice mar- ried ; his first wife became the mother of three chil- dren, all of whom are living. For his second wife he married Sarah Josephine Heineman, a daughter of the late Isaac G. Heineman, a well known auc- tioneer of West Hempfield township. Mr. and Mrs. 280 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Heineman were married in Wilmington, Del., Bish- op J. W. Downey, of the Episcopal Church, officiat- ing; both passed away in 1894, Mrs. Heineman dying on May nth, of that year, and Mr. Heineman in the following November. Mrs. Hennecke has shown a great aptness for business, having acquired a good insight into it during the illness of her hus- band. She is a model house keeper, and enjoys the respect, and esteem of all with whom she comes in contact. Socially she belongs to the Foresters of America. CARL OTTO MATZ, with whom we have been intimately associated for some thirty years, and whom we have long regarded the foremost musician Lancaster has ever known, was born Nov. 20, 1846, in Brussow, a little town near Stettin, Prussia, some fifteen miles from the Baltic sea, the same country from which the Angles and Saxons came to conquer Britain, and of the same virde stock. His father was a merchant tailor, possessed of a fine tenor voice, much in demand, and a devoted lover of music. We have often looked at Prof. Matz as he has been rapid- ly writing the harmony for voice and instruments, and have marvelled at the readiness and precision with which it was done. Once, in our wonder, when he was at greater speed than usual, we asked him, "Man, how can you do it?" He looked up with a smile, "Oh, it's a gift. I hear the voices and the in- struments, and write down what I hear. ' If I had to think it out, it would take much longer time." We have sat hearing him plav from memory folksongs, ballads, hymns, marches, selections from oratorios, overtures, operas, and looked at the watch to find that hours had flown and the evening was gone. We asked him once when the music lay before him black with notes, "Do you play all that harmony just as it isj'" His reply was impressive, "I would not miss a note. It would be unjust to this fine com- poser." He improvises wonderfully under the spell of the music, and his interludes and accompaniments are at such times a revelation and a delight. Who that heard him. play "Holy Night" at our last Christ- mas entertainment, just after he had, at our request, told the story of the origin of that best of Christmas songs, is likely to forget that marvelous perform- ance ? He played like one inspired. Once at a great funeral we heard him play "The Dead March in Saul" while the audience was slowly passing out of' the church. We stood, held to the spot by the organ. It was as if a great sotil were wailing through it all. He played it again and again. We waited till the close and walked down the street with him and talked of the music. He said, "Nothing I ever play stirs me so deeply as that march." And that explained ev- erything. It was a favorite cousin who discovered his rare endowment in music. Enticed by the sweet cakes at her lather's bakery, he was a frequent visitor. One dav, when but four years old, she found him in the parlor at the grand piano, picking out on the keyboard the times with which he was familiar. She was delighted at his success, and at once made him her little pupil, so that he began to play the piano before he was old enough to go to school. His father, suffering from adverse circumstances, had little means to expend upon the musical education of his son as lie grew older. Nevertheless, he found favor with a. stern teacher of the old school, Herr Neumann, who drilled him mercilessly for eight long years in mere musical exercises, at times to the ex- tent of rapping him vigorously over the knuckles with his fiddle bdw, without so much as "By your leave." for these old masters were too good in re- sult to be very polite in method or manner. He then passed under Prof. Bichtler for another three years of rigid training in the preparatory school to the lead- ing German seminary for the training of specialists in tlie teacher's profession. Under these teachers he had nothing but exercises, exercises, exercises, day after day, and all day long, month after month, year after year. Not a piece of music, popular or classical, was allowed to him. Indeed, everything of the kind was resolutely forbidden. Skill, technique, mastery of the keyboard — the artist gift trained to artist power — this was their aim for their gifted pupil. The path might be rugged and cheerless, but it was sure. He came at this time to hate and loathe his exercises and piano practice, as he saw his com- rades all given "pieces" in their practice which were denied to himself. Boylike, too, he occasionally picked up and played in the gatherings of his friends the forbidden compositions. But, thanks to the un- tiring vigilance of his father and the stoical firmness of his teachers, when only seventeen years of age, he was accepted at the noted Seminary of Koepeneck, the most prominent educational institution in Prus- sia for the training of special teachers. The famous Dr. Rudolph Lange, head of the musical depart- ment, although a man full of eccentricities, was a great musician and a wonderful teacher. Though the old doctor pronounced his first efforts in musical composition "elephant steps," }et in the last part of his three years' course he ordered one of his songs to be put into the musical archives, which at Koepen- eck was. regarded a high honor. His class was un- usual in the number of musicians who afterwards became widely known. Violinists like Engelbrecht, 'celloists like Ungermann, organists like Stegemann belonged to it. So it came about that the kind of music known technically as "chamber music" was cultivated in this class to a high degree, in addition to orchestral nmsic and the chorus work, the trios, quartettes, quintettes and octettes by Haydn, Mo- zart, and Beethoven. The students, numbering over a hundred, sang the mottettes by Klien a capella, the double male choruses of "Antigone," etc. Dur- ing the last Aear of the course Carl Matz had the honorable distinction of being unanimously elected musical director of his class, and led both orchestra and grand chorus. In the summer of this year his class had the privilege of giving free open-air con- CARL MATZ, Musician. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 281 certs every Sunday evening in the Seminary Park, to which only tickets of the director admitted. Often the famous quartette of the Berlin Opera House would come in, place themselves quietly in the line of their respective voices, and join heartily in the choruses. He recalls with pleasure during this year ■a visit to Berlin of Dr. Engelbrecht, leader of the Royal Russian Band in Odessa, whose brother was a member of his class, both noted violinists For the two weeks of his stay they played chamber music in quartette, the leader and ins brother taking first and second violins, Prof. Matz the viola and a very skill- ful 'celloist the fourth instrument. He speaks of .having enjoyed this music more than any other in which he has ever taken part. For a time he played the violin and viola in the class orchestra of the Sem- inary, but his special instruments were the piano and the grand organ. After graduating fr6m Koepeneck, he was recom- mended by Dr. Lange for one of the best organs in Germany, that at Melzow. Here he spent a pleasant year and a half as organist and instructor in the upper grade school of the town. Being debarred, because of his youth, from the directorship of the musical department of the Seminary at Helsingfoer, where his imcle, Dr. John Richter, was director of the institution, he resolved to go to America, where ability seemed more in demand and age a qualifica- tion not so essential as in Germany. He married Marie Louise Fiehnn, a lady of fine musical senti- ment, nobility and force of character and a good vocalist, »and set out for New York on his wedding trip, sailing from Bremen, and landing in New York in August, 1868. Just before sailing he did one of those things that show the stuff a man is made of, and which only a big heart would risk. A friend of his, a musician, who had, for political reasons become an object of suspicion to the government, was in hiding at the port. Knowing the generous nature of Carl Matz, and that he was about to sail for the United States, he sent for him, stated his case, and asked the privilege of using his passport for identification on shipboard by the officers of the port. It was a very dangerous risk, for if detected it meant the detention and imprisonment of both. He took the risk to help him, passed the inspection among the first, then handed the passport to his friend, who came in near the end of a line numbering several hundred pas- sengers. By the time the latter was reached the in- spection was less rigid, and he also got through with- out question. The officers were tired when they neared the end of the line — a chance on which they had reckoned — and both were safe ! This man was a teacher of music for many years at Detroit. On reaching New York city they stopped at the "New York Hotel," on lower Broadway. We saw the place a few days since, and thought of the crush- ing blow a thief here dealt to the bright prospects of Professor Mat?. He had brought with him to America on his wedding trip nearly two thousand dollars, his purpose being to take ample time for looking about, and, after becoming acquainted with certain leading cities, to decide where he would make his home, and take his proper place among the masters of his art. The future of promise was very attractive and assuring, but before they had been many days in Gotham a thief rifled their trunks and stole every dollar of their money except what they had about them for immediate personal needs. It was an awful blow to their high hopes. A black cloud had suddenly blotted out the sun. They were strangers in a strange land, without money, and no friend or acquaintance with whom to advise. He at once advertised in the Staats-Zeitung that an organ- ist who held the diploma of the Koepeneck Seminary desired an engagement. Rev. Mr. Hoppe, who was then clergyman at the Zion Lutheran Church in Lancaster, knowing the grade of such a diploma, wrote him at once for further information. This was most satisfactory, and as it was necessary for Prof. Matz to act promptly, his money being now exhausted, he accepted the modest salary offered for organ choir and parish school. And so his busy life has been lived in the comparatively small town of Lancaster, instead of one of our larger centres of population. It has, indeed, been great gain to Lan- caster, where he has been one of her hardest-worked and niost useful citizens these many years. But for him—with his high gifts, extraordinary skill, and firm and confident breadth of grasp in the di- vine art of music — has he been "buried" here all these years? Sometimes, as we have looked at his work and felt his power for these thirty years, we have thought so. But who can tell ! One thing is sure : Lancaster has been blessed in him as in few men who have lived and toiled in her midst. And that is a great thing to feel, and know, and say of any good man. For five years he held the position at Zion Luth- eran Church, doing much work for modest wages, and closed his very successful term of service — profitable in every way but money — with a grand rendition of Mendelssohn's "Oratorio of St. Paul," with full orchestra, for the benefit of the church. His leading soloists were noted singers from abroad, as also were some of the musicians in the orchestra, two of whom had played under the lead of Felix Mendelssohn himself years before in Germany. The chorus was mainly from Lancaster, and was highly complimented by the musicians from abroad. The master had put himself into his chorus. Nothing else in music to equal this rendition of the great Oratorio has ever been given in Lancaster by local talent. We remember it well, as if it were but yester- day, when it was given in the Fulton Opera House. Other great works — as "Schiller's Bell," by Rom- berg, and "The Creation," by Haydn — were pro- duced in the same grand style, with massive and well-drilled choruses, soloists of reputation, and orchestras large, full and well-trained. As musical director of the Maennerchor Society he arranged 282 BIOGRAPHICM. ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and conducted four or five important music festivals, in which many noted singing societies of New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Reading and other neigh- boring towns participated. He has conducted many benefit concerts for others, but has always sturdily refused any such concerts for himself. For nearly thirty years he has been connected with the High Schools as a teacher of German and vocal music. During this long period many hundreds and thou- sands of boys and girls have passed through these schools, and become scattered far and wide through the world, but Prof Matz and their songs of the olden time they remember with gladness and gratitude. They never forget his vigorous, masterful, enthus- iastic manner, as he sat behind the school piano, or sprang to his feet for a special effort, with one hand on the keyboard and the other beating time, and his mighty voice, equal to those of a dozen men, always true to tone, leading with a call to strenuous effort that even the dead before him, if there were any such, must hear and answer. He would have made a soldier of the Phil Sheri- dan type, and, with the training of Sheridan, could have taken that same furious ride to reach his army at Winchester, "where the voice of the master com- pelled it to pause" — only his voice, with the same ring in it would have been more mighty than that of Sheridan. Looking at him many a time in the High School, with keen interest and admiration of his skill and power— hearing his grand voice, firm, resolute, confident, compelling result — and knowing well his fearless unquailing spirit, and his tremendous en- ergy when roused to supreme efforts, we have often thought, "What a leader for a forlorn hope in a desperate charge !" Other good men have done very much for the cause of music in Lancaster, but the work of this forceful, untiring and eminently capable teacher and leader makes hmi easily first among them all. Knowing and teaching only the best in music, and holding firmly to that high standard for more than thirty years, as organist and choirmaster, in private lessons and chorus training, and in connection with the music in the public schools, — but especially in the High Schools — he has been an active, earnest, intelligent, constant and, we might almost say, per- vading force amongst us in a line of work in which noT many are competent to excel, and which is one of the most humanizing and helpful that can be done in any community. He is a man of very strong physique, with an honest eye, an honest voice and an hoijest heart, generous and kindly, of rather emphatic manner, with endless capacity for work and large reserve of energy, but one who when roused will go "to the limit" to get things done, with little regard for stress and strain ; the sort of man one likes to work with and whom it is good to know and to live with. CHARLES. The founder of the Charles family in Lancaster county, Pa., was Henry Charles, who came to this country from Switzerland, probably about 1734, the records showing that he and his wife, and also his blind mother who accompanied him, were members of what was denominated "Rupp's Collection of 30,000 emigrants," and they sailed from Rotterdam, in the vessel named the "Charming Polly" of London, of which Charles Steadman was master, their companions on the voyage consisting of 105 men, twenty-five boys, and 107 women and girls. Prior to this emigration these ancestors had been sold into Holland as slaves ; but how long this state of affairs lasted, or what were the conditions of it, the old records do not make very plain. After reaching the free land of America, they first located at Germantown, where they farmed for eight years, , and then came to Lancaster county, selecting a tract in Manor township, south-east of Mountville, which property is still in the possession of the Charles fam- ily. In connection with large farming enterprises, this ancestor introduced weaving into the commun- ity, being an expert in the manufacture of all kinds, of cloth, but probably the hardships which he had undergone shortened his life, for he died when about fifty-six years old, his wife not surviving him very long. Three sons were born to them : ( i ) Joseph, born on the ship in 1734, married and moved to what is now known as the old Frey farm in East Hemp- field township. Pie lived and died there, and his remains were buried on the farm, but there is no graveyard to be found there now. His grandson, Joseph, who was yet young and unmarried (whose father, Joseph was yet living) , went with one of his friends to the Potomac river, where he bought a mill, paying what was thought to be an extravagant price for it, his acquaintances all predicting financial fail- ure. They made a public sale and sold the East Hempfield farm, for which they obtained a very high price, giving them enough to pay for the mill and some to spare. This sale was attended by many people from Lancaster, and also from Manor and East Hempfield townships, wine was served to those attending, and the occasion was made a most enjoy- able one. After some time Joseph and his family went farther west, and now all the descendants of Joseph, son of the emigrant, are located in the west. (2) John, second son of Henry, the emigrant, was born at Germantown in 1739, and he died when nearly eighty-five years old. Many of his descen- dants are still in Lancaster county, some of them around Millersville, some along the Susquehanna, some at Charlestown (which was founded by some members of the family) , some in Pequea township, and others at Philadelphia and in the west. (3) Jacob is mentioned below. Jacob Charles, third son of Henry, the emigrant, was born in Manor township in 1742, and died at the age of ninety-seven years, nine months and nine days. His whole life was passed on a farm adjoining the one upon which he was born. In many ways he was a most remarkable man, his physical structure was large, and his mental equipment was of a superior order also, his intelligence being far beyond the average farmer of his locality. As a sample of his BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 28a unusual physical preservation, it is recorded that within a year of his death, he easily walked the dis- tance- of 'fourteen miles to and from Lancaster City in one day, and one week before his death he walked home from Habecker's Church, taking sick on the way home. As one of the leading members of the Old Mennonite Church, he efficiently managed the affairs' of the Habecker Church for a number of years. Jacob Charles married Mary Neff, and to them were born these children: (i) Anna, born in July, 1766, married Jacob Kauffman, and died aged eighty years, eight months and six days. (2) Jacob, born in May, 1769, was a farmer all his life on the original homestead. His death, which oc- curred when he was aged sixty-four years, three months and twenty-five days, was caused by cutting himself in the foot while felling a tree. He was the father of ten children, as follows : Joseph and Bar- bara, who both died in infancy ; Mary, who mar- ried Jacob Froelich; Elizabeth, who married John Hertiiler ; Anna, who married Jacob Seitz ; Barbara, who also wedded Jacob Seitz ; Jacob, who died un- married, when about sixty-three years old ; Fanny, who married John Newcomer ; Elizabeth, who also wedded a John Newcomer ; and Christian, who mar- ried Fanny Forey, became the father of Amos, Levi, Christian, Clayton, Catharine, Adaline, Anna, Fanny, Ellen and Emma, and, after passing his life as farm- er on the old home, he died in his seventy-fifth year. (3) Barbara, born in July, 1776, married Jacob Stauffer, and died aged seventy-three years, eleven months and four days. (4) John is mentioned in full below. The descendants of Jacob Charles, the father of these children, now living, number between four and five hundred ; they have not scattered far, but a circle twenty-five miles in diameter would em- brace nearly all. All that are married are farmers, and all that profess religion are Mennonites, except two families. John Charles, son of Jacob, was born in March, 1 781. He, too, was a farmer, and owned over five hundred acres of land in one body. This tract has been added to by his children and grandchildren until it now contains between eight and nine hundred acres; it is now farmed by ten of the name — two Christians, two Davids, two Henrys, Jacob, John, Clayton and Levi. John Charles died at the age of seventy-six years, ten months and twenty days. He was twice married, his first wife being Mary Habacker, by whom he had these children: (i) Elizabeth, born in August, 1807, married John Stauffer, and died when eighty-three years, four months and ten days old. (2) John, born Sept. 3, 1809, is mentioned' later on. (3) Christian, born June 2, 1812, is yet living, being in his ninety-first year. His children were Elizabeth, Jacob, John, Joseph, Christian, Abraham, Esther, Anna and Mary. (4) Esther, born in June, 1814, died at the age of thirty-eight years, ten months and twenty- seven days, the wife of Rev. Christian Herr. The second marriage of John Charles was to the Widow Stauft'er, whose maiden name was Witmer, and tO' them two children were born : Anna, born Feb. 8, 1822, married. John Bowers and died at the age of seventy-four years' and eleven months; and Joseph,, born in February, 1825, died at the age of seventy- four years, nine months and seven days. John Charles, son of John was always engaged in agriculture, residing in Manor township, Lancaster county, where he was regarded as one of the pro- minent and substantial citizens, a keen business man,, but who was noted for an exemplary life, and was one of the leading members of the Mennonite Church. He died aged eighty-four years nine months and eighteen days. John Charles was mar- ried to Susan Herr, the estimable daughter of David Herr who was a deacon of the Mennonite Church and well-known farmer of Lancaster township, her birth occurring in 18 14, and her death in 1879, at the age of sixty-five years, two months and twenty- five days. The children born to this union were: David H.. ; Esther, who married Joseph Habecker,. of Manor township ; Susan, who married Amos Souders, of Manor township ; Anna, who married Jacob Krider, of Rohrerstown ; John, who died at the age of seventeen ; Fannie, who married Jonas Nissley of Manor township ; Christian, of Manor township, who married Elizabeth Brubaker; Eliza- beth, deceased, who married Aaron Hostetter, of Lancaster township ; Mary, widow of Ephrain Hos- tetter, of Manor township ; Henry H., of Manor township, who married Elizabeth Landis ; and Jacob, who died in childhood. The father of this- family was a most worthy man, and reared his fam- ily in the precepts of the Mennonite Church, and all' of them have become good and worthy citizens. David H. Charles was reared on the old farm which had been the home of his ancestors, and he re- ceived his education in the public schools of the neighborhood. After completing his education he moved to a farm adjoining the home, and belonging to his father-in-law, where he remained for twenty- six years. He then left that farm in the hands of his son, and moved to the village of Kready, where he had purchased a farm for his daughter, and a home for himself. On Dec. 7, 1858, David H. Charles was married to Fannie D. Brubaker, who was born Aug. 28, 1838, a daughter of Jacob K. Brubaker, a distinguished Bishop of the Old Mennonite Church, and to this happy marriage three children have been born: Susannah B., born Nov. i, 1859, died March 20, 1862 ; Fannie B.. born May 20, 1862, married Aaron Kauffman a farmer of East Hempfield township, who is a singer, and a teacher in Sunday school ; and Jacob B., born Dec. 25, 1863, married Mary H. Gamber of Manor township, and. is a farmer, resid- ing in Manor township. Both David H. Charles and wife are members of the Old Mennonite Church, in which they were reared from childhood. For years he has been a leading figure in musical cirlces in his community, having successfully taught vocal music 284 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY in Lancaster county, and has had considerable influ- ence in educating the people to an appreciation of good music. As one of the enterprising and pro- gressive men of the community, he has done his full part in advancing the interests of East Hempfield, and is justly considered one of the representative citizens. David H. Charles has in his possession the old' family Bible, which Henry Charles, the emigrant, brought from Switzerland. It is now three hundred and sixty-seven years old. When Henry Charles wrote down the births of his three sons, he also attached a prayer : '"The All Highest let them grow up to His holy Name's honor, and to the praise of their parents, and mostly to their soul's salvation. Amen." JOSIAH BROWN was in his lifetime regarded justly as an honorable and prominent citizen of Ful- ton township, Lancaster county. He was born in 1815, and died in 1884, on his farm, which is now owned by his widow and daughter. Josiah Brown was a son of Nathan Brown, who came to Pennsyl- vania from Cecil county, Md., and the family is of English stodc. Nathan Brown, the father, was a native of Cecil county, Md., and was the father of ten children, as ■follows: Josephine, Josiah, William, Emily, Eliza- beth, Mary, Alice, Lewis, Margaret and Mercy, all deceased with the exception of Mercy and Lewis. During his life Josiah Brown was a successful farmer and a leading Republican of the district. He was a member of the Society of Friends, and was a ■fine neighbor and reliable friend. He was a de- voted husband and a kind father, and no man stood higher in the estimation of all classes than did Josiah Brown. On May 30, 1844, Josiah Brown was married to Miss Mary A. Phillips, of Chester county. Pa., who ■was born Oct. 16, 1822, a daughter of Robert and Rosanna (Mullen) Phillips, the family being of Scotch-Irish origin. This marriage was blessed with two children : Sarah Anna, born April 2, 1854; and Rachel Clay, born March 3, 1846, who died in child- hood. Sarah Anna, the only surviving child of Mr. and Mrs. Josiah Brown, was married to Charles S. Ja- cobs, of Churchtown, Lancaster county, April 9, 1885. They have two children, namely: Hanson Bentley, born April 15. 1886; and Mary A. B., born Sept. 24, 1895. Mr. Jacobs and his wife reside on the home farm, and he has charge of the place. He was born June 6, 1845, ^^^ he is a thrifty and pains- taking man who has left no opportunity go by to keep the place in the best possible condition. He is a Republican in politics, and keeps well in touch with his party, and in his religious belief he is a Presby- terian. Mrs. Brown, widow of Josiah Brown, lives with her daughter in the Brown homestead. She is a noble specimen of womanhood, bright and agile for one of her age. Her health is good and she lives in the full enjoyment of life, with many friends, and she is highly regarded by all who know her. HENRY HUBER. The name of Huber is well known through the agricultural sections of Lan- caster county, Pa., where for generations the family has owned large tracts of land, and its represent- ' atives have been among the most honored- and respected citizens. The father of Henry Huber, of this sketch, was Christian Huber, who was born on the farm now occupied by the former, which for four generations has been the old family homestead, coming originally into the family by marriage with the Herrs. Christian Huber was born Feb. 2, 1807, a son of Henry and Fannie (Buckwalter) Huber. He was reared on the farm, educated in the public schools and became a successful agriculturist, his death occurring Feb. 15, 1887. Possessing the ener- getic and progressive ideas characteristic of the fam- ily, he was well known through the township for his sympathy with education and religious enter- prises, and both he and his wife were worthy mem- bers of the Old Mennonite Church. Christian Huber was married on Dec, 26, 1836, to Anna Hamish, who was born on Feb. 13, 1819, a daughter of Jacob and Catherine (Eman) Hamish, and still survives, in good health, beloved in the community where she has lived so long an example of Christian womanhood. A family of eleven chil- dren came to bless this worthy couple, many of them still Hying: .Elizabeth, born in May, 1838, married Michael S. Kreider, and at her death left three chil- dren; Martha, born in May, 1839, married David F. Harnish, of Manheim township ; Catherine, bom in September, 1841, married Cyrus M. Zittle, form- erly of West Lampeter township, now of Strasburg township ; Henry, born in January, 1844, resides in West Lampeter township ; Fannie, born in March, 1846, married Frank Mylin, of Pequea township; Mary Ann, born in September, 1848, married Abra- ham Shaub, of Manor township; Anna, born in April, 185 1, married Jacob Klaus, of West Lam- peter township ; Jacob, born in April, 1853, died in childhood ; Aaron, born in Dec, 1854, is a farmer of West Lampeter township; Christian, born in Feb. 1858, is a farmer in West Lampeter; and David, born in August, 1S60, is also a farmer of this lo- cality. Henry Huber was bom and reared on the farm he still occupies, receiving his education in the public schools. About 1870 he took charge of the homestead, and successfully conducted farming op- erations there until the death of his father, after which he purchased 103 acres of the land, this being the larger part of the old homestead, and since that time he has been continually engaged in improve- ments until his estate has no superior in the locality. Its fine condition places him in the front rank as an agriculturist, for it has been under his care for so long a time, that its excellent appearance and BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 2e5 productiveness are directly due to his management. Henry Huber was married on Dec. 12, 1875, to Isabella Charles, who was born in Pequea township, July 14, 185s, a daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Kendig) Charles, and three children have been born of this union: Henry C, born Aug. 25, 1876; > Amos, born-Dec. 28, 1878; and Christian C, born Sept. I, 1882. With their eldest son, Henry Huber and wife are members of the Old Mennonite Church, where they are highly esteemed. Mr. Huber is one of the substantial men of the township, and he has taken an interested part in public matters. Politic- ally he is a Republican, but has never consented to hold any office. GEORGE ROHR, managing editor of the Lan- caster Freie Presse, is a native of Mannheim, Baden, Germany, where he was born Oct. 2, 1856. His parents, John and Magdalena Rohr, emigrated to the United States in 1866, and settled in Lancaster. The death of the father occurred in December, 1893 ; the mother died in December, 1900. George Rohr's education commenced in Germany, was finished in the public schools and St. Joseph school at Lancas- ter. At sixteen he was apprenticed to the printer's trade under Gottlieb Schmid, and after gaining a thorough knowledge of it went to Trenton, N. J., where he was employed for three years on a German publication. He then went to New York and there spent two years in a printing office; then going to Philadelphia he was employed for a similar period. He thus gained a valuable knowledge of the busi- ness in various cities which has been of great serv- ice to him. Mr. Rohr came back to Lancaster in 1883 and went to work for the Freie Presse, and since the first of March, 1888, he has been its managing editor. His selection for the position was a wise one, as his talents particularly fit him for it. While living at Trenton, Mr. Rohr married Miss Kate H. Braun, a native of that city. They have seven children. JACOB R. HERSHEY, one of the leading citi- zens of Lancaster county, engaged extensively in milling operations at Hershey's Mill, in Manor township, where he is also occupied in farming, has descended from one of the early and prominent fam- ilies of Lancaster county. The emigrant ancestor of this branch of the Hershey family in Lancaster county was Andrew Hershey, who with his sons, Andrew and Benjamin, came from Switzerland, and located here in 1719. A third son, Christian Hershey, came later. All were made ministers in the Mennonite Church. From this emigrant, Andrew Hershey, the subject of this sketch is in the sixth generation, the line of his de- scent being through Andrew (2), Andrew (3), Ja- cob and Benjamin Hershey. (II) Andrew Hershey (2), son of Andrew, was born in 1702, and he died in 1792. His children were: Christian, Andrew, John, Benjamin, Jacob, Abraham, Isaac, Henry, Peter, Catherine and Maria. (Ill) Andrew Hershey (3), son of Andrew (2), was born in 1734, and he died July 16, 1806. His children were: Annie, Jacob, Maria, Andrew, Henry, Elizabeth and John. (iV) Jacob Hershey, son of Andrew (3), was born Oct. 2, 1765, in Manor township, and became a farmer and miller, building the old Hershey mill in Manor township in 1803. In 1787 he married Barbara Heistand, and died May 27, 1821. Their children were as follows : John, born March 7, 1790, was a farmer in Man- heim township. Jacob, born May 30, 1791, was a farmer by occupation, and moved to Ohio in 1834, locating in Medway, Clark county, where he after- ward resided, and where his death occurred; he married and reared a family. Henry, born July 21, 1793, who married Annie Shellenberger, was a farmer, and passed his life in Manor township, dy- ing Aug. 12, 1865 ; he was a member of the Men- nonite Church. Andrew, born Dec. 16, 1794, mar- ried Annie, daughter of Samuel Hartman; he was a thrifty farmer of Manor township, though much of the time he was in poor health, and he died March 23, 1837, a member of the Dunkard Church. Eliza- beth, born Jan. 19, 1798, died at the age of twenty- six years. Maria, born Jan. 29, 1801, died in in- fancy. Benjamin is referred to farther on. Maria (2) was born Dec. 31, 1808. (V) Benjamin Hershey, son of Jacob and Bar- bara (Heistand), and father of the subject of this sketch, was born Jan. 9, 1804, on the homestead in Manor township, and he passed his lifetime there, occupied in agricultural pursuits and in milling, op- erating the Hershey Mill from 1834 until 1862. He was one of the substantial citizens of his locality, a man of honor and integrity, who held the esteem and respect of his fellow men. He married Susan Rietzel, who was born in 1818, and to their union were born children as follows : Catharine, who mar- ried Jacob Kendig, and is now deceased ; Jacob R. ; Elizabeth (deceased), who married Jonas Risser, of Mount Joy ; Henry B., who married Caroline Mann ; and Susan, who married John Newcomer. The two last named live in Manor township. The father of these children died Oct. i, 1883, and the mother passed away Feb. 28, 1895. Jacob R. Hershey, the subject proper of this sketch, was born July 15, 1838, at Hershey's Mill, in Manor township, which locality-has always been the chief field of his life's work. He was reared to agricultural pursuits and the business of milling, in both of which he has continued and prospered. He had received a common school education, and in 1862 assumed charge of the old mill which his grand- father built about 1803, operating it until his death in 182 1, when it succeeded to his son Jacob, who carried on the business tmtil going West, in 1834, and from that time until 1862 it was operated by Benjamin Hershey. 286 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Jacob R. Hershey has a fine farm of sixty-two acres, on which he has been engaged in general farming. He has led a busy, active life, and being a good financier and manager, has become well-to- do. He is enterprising and public-spirited, and has ever taken a deep interest in all movements indi- cating progress and advancement. For fifteen years he has been one of the board of directors and vice- president of the Fulton National Bank of Lancaster, of which he was one of the incorporators and origi- nal stockholders. He was also one of the promoters of the Columbia Trust Co., of which he is a director. In political behef he is a stanch Republican, but he has never been an aspirant for political office or emoluments. On Jan. 12, i86t, Mr. Hershey was joined in narriage with Miss Catharine Davis, who was born Dec. 20, 1841, a daughter of John and Catharine Davis, the former of whom was a prominent and well known man of Rohrerstown, Pa. To them have come the following children : Lizzie, born Dec. 10, 1862 ; Alary Ella, born April 19, 1864 ; Davis J., born March 29, 1866, married Fanny L. Baer, now de- ceased; Benjamin and Henry D. (twins), born JMarch 2, 1868, of .whom Benjamin died Aug. 11, 1868 ; and Henry D., married Ida, daughter of M. S. Seichriat; Jacob D., born March 31, 1875, married Elizabeth McBride, of New Jersey, and is a prac- ticing physician at Manheim, Pennsylvania. DAA^D F. MELLINGER (deceased), late a highlv honored resident of his native township of Manor, Lancaster county, was born Jan. 6, 1820, a descendant from one of the oldest families of the township, mention ot whom will be found on several pages of this volume. Benjamin Mellinger, father of David F., was the eldest son of John and Elizabeth (Dills) MeUinger, and was born in Indiantown, Manor township, in 1785; he died in 1861. Soon after the war of 1812 had closed, Benjamin purchased, when prices were at the highest point, a tract of land which depreciated in price fully one-half before he had cleared off the mortgage, but he struggled on manfully, and finally extricated himself from debt. He devoted his tim.e to farming and distilling, realized a competency, and became one of the most prominent men of his town- ship, gaining the full confidence of his fellow citi- zens. In politics, Benjamin Mellinger was first an anti-Mason Whig, but later became a Republican, was honored by his townspeople with many local offices, and for years was a member of the school board. In religion he was a Mennonite. Benjamin Mellinger married Anna Eshleman, who was born in Manor township in 1784, was a daughter of Jacob Eshleman and died in 1875. the mother of seven chil- dren who grew to mature years, \'iz. : John E., a farmer, who died in Yellow Springs, Ohio, June 2r, 190C, at the advanced age of ninety years and seven months ; Jacob E., a farmer of IMillerstown, Pa., who died in 1893, when over seventy- four years of age ; Benjamin E., a farmer of Manor township, who died about 1855, about fortv-two years of age; Elizabeth, born Aug. 4, 1815, who is the widow of Henry E. Baer ; Flenry H., formerly a farmer, now eighty-two years old, and residmg in Steubenville, Ohio ; David F. ; Martin E., born in 1826, a school-teacher, and later a clerk, who died in Buffalo, N. Y., in 1882. David F. Mellinger was unmarried, and made his home with his sister, Mrs. Baer, on his homestead about one mile from Safe Harbor, which homestead contains twenty-three acres on which Mr. Mellinger lived for forty-eight years. Besides his home he owned a tiact of eighteen acres in another part of Manor township. Mrs. Baer, now a widow, is the mother of three children, namely: Benjamin, a farmer of Manor township ; Elizabeth, wife of George H. Weaver, of Harrisburg ; and Annie, de- ceased wife of Benjamin Frey, of Manor township. David F. Mellinger began his active Hfe when eighteen years old by teaching in both public and private schools, and he followed the vocation fifteen years — teaching every winter and some of the sum- mers. After abandoning this profession he worked for some time for neighboring farmers, when he se- cured his late home, where his declining years were passed in peace and quiet, and cheered by the visits- of many warm friends who honored and esteemed him for his many amiable traits of character. In re- ligion he was a Methodist and in politics a Republi- can. E[is death at fonr score years closed a well- spent life. CHRISTIAN WjTMER STEHMAN, head of the firm of C. W. Stehman & Bro., No. 102 North Queen street, (Y. M. C. A. building), is a self-made man, whose history affords a striking illustration of what intelligent effort and manifest integrity will accomplish. Mr. Stehman's grandfather, who died when his father was only three years old, was a life- Jong farmer in the township of Manor. Jo«n G. Stehman, the father of Christian W., married Anna S. Witmer, a daughter of Jacob and Mary Witmer, of Manor township, the latter of ^\I^onl died about twenty years ago, when over seven- t}' years of age. The union of John G. Stehman and Anna S. Witm.er resulted in the birth of ten children, all of whom are living \\'ith the exception of the first- born, who entered into rest at the age of two years. The survivors are: Jacob W., a carpenter of Mil- lersville; Hiram W., a farmer of Silver Spring; John W., a farmer in the township of Manor ; Anna, wife of John B. AVarfel, a farmer of Millersville ; Elizabeth, wife of John M. Neff, of Manor town- ship ; Hettie, wife of Abram S. Kendig, of Manor township ; Phares W., a farmer on the Fruitville turnpike : Christian W., the North Queen street mer- chant ; and I. W., formerly a school teacher, but now a member of the firm of C. W. Stehman & Bro. Christian WitSner .Stehman was born in the town- ship of Lancaster Oct. 19, 1867, and received his education in Millersville, and took a classical course BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 287 at the Millersville State Normal, leaving that in- stitution at the age of twenty-three years. Coming to Lancaster, he entered the dry-goods store of Bard & McElroy. After being there two years Mr. Steh- man entered the establishment of Williamson & Foster, where he became a leading salesman in the furnishing department. His first business venture for himself was in the bicycle rooms in the real estate building on East Orange street, whence he removed to 22>4 East King street, where he remained but a short time. His trade so increased that he was com- pelled to move again to much more commodious quarters in the Opera House, where he added a line of toys in addition to his bicycles and supplies. In October, 1898, Mr. Stehman moved to No. 48 North Queen street, where, under the firm name of C. W. Stehman & Bro., the business rapidly increased, and they added housefurnishings, sewing machines and a special line of floor oilcloths.. ' Finding their quar- ters too small they removed to their present location, No. 102 North Queen street. Mr. Stehman is an active member of the Y. M. C. A., and of St. Paul's Reformed Church and the Christian Endeavor Society, of which he was presi- dent for two years. For years he was a teacher in the Sunday-school, and has been connected with this church from boyhood. Such has been the career of this well-known young business man, and it is a noble illustration of what prudence and integrity, when united with industry and business ability, may accomplish. JACOB B. KREADY (deceased) was born at Millersville, Manor township, Lancaster county, Sept. 10, 1826, and he died on his farm in Rapho township, June 21, 1900, and was buried in Eris- man's Meeting House cemetery. He was the son of George and Susannah (Birchfield) Kready. On Dec. 4, 1866, Jacob B. Kready was married to Re- becca Eby. There were born to this union the fol- lowing children : Mary A., unmarried ; Frank E., •of Petersburg, Pa. ; Emma J., deceased wife of James Grofif ; Susan E., wife of Levi Fissel, of Rapho town- ship ; Henry E., a Rapho township farmer ; Jacob E., unmarried and at home ; Elias E., at Manheim, teach- ing school ; Rebecca E., wife of Elias Hunberger, of Salunga, Pa. ; John E., born on the homestead, July 8. 1877; Clinton E., Elizabeth E., Clayton E. and Ellen E., who all died young ; Alice ; Susan ; Henry ; Emma ; Frank ; and Elizabeth, born in Mechanics- ■ville. East Hempfield township. Mrs. Rebecca (Eby) Kready, wife of Jacob B. Kready, was born in Rapho township, July 4, 1835, and died in December, 1896, at the age of sixty-one years. She was buried in Erisman's Church ceme- tery. Mrs. Kready was the daughter of Christian and Anna (Wortman) Eby, of Lancaster county. She was a worthy. Christian woman and died re- gretted by a large circle of friends. During his life Jacob B. Kready took a promi- nent part in the afifairs of Rapho township. Moving there in 1866, from East Hempfield township, he at once began that career which marked him as a man of more than ordinary industry, thrift and sagacity. At his death he not only owned the farm occupied by him as a home but two fine adjoining farms which he purchased at different times. He was a director of the Sporting Hill and Manheim Turnpike Co., and was largely instrumental in organizing the en- terprise. For years he was tax collector of the township, and during a long period prior to his death was a factor in the development of the resources of his township. A Republican in politics, he stood for the best interests of the party and at all times ready with his purse and counsel to do his share toward its success. Both he and wife were prominent mem- bers of the Mennonite Church. John E. Kready, brother of the late Jacob B. Kready, is a farmer, market gardener and florist of Rapho township. He was born in Manor town- ship April 12, 1834, son of George and Susannah (Birchfield) Kready. The father, George Kready, was born in Manor township, in August, 1797, and remained there until 1839, when he removed to Rapho township, where he resided until the time of his death in 1869. He was a farmer and held sev- eral township offices during his life. Both he and his wife were members of the Mennonite Church. Mrs. Kready was born Feb. 20, 1798, and died in 1875. There were born to this couple the following children : Elizabeth, unmarried, and living on the old homestead ; Susan, unmarried, and living on the home place ; Jacob B., who died in 1900, and already referred to in this sketch ; George, of Rapho town- ship ; Mary, who died in 1898, the wife of David Burns, of Rapho township ; John E. ; Anna, unmar- ried, living on the home place ; and Samuel, a Penn township farmer. In 1863, at Harrisburg, Pa., John E. Kready married Miss Magdalena Stoner, of that city. The following children have been born to this union: Elmira, wife of Jacob Herman, an East Hempfield township farmer ; Minnie, unmarried and at home ; Wilson, a farmer of Rapho township, who first mar- ried Miss Fanny Brubaker and then Louisa Martin ; and Francis, at home, unmarried. Mr. Kready remained at home with his parents until the time of his marriage, gaining an education in the meantime in the public schools of the district. After his marriage he worked his father's farm on shares for two years and then bought his present home and moved into it. In 1880 he began engaging in the nursery business, and it has grown to such extent that he now ships shrubs, plants, trees, etc., to all parts of the United States. He is the person who cultivated and introduced the Keystone and Early Daisy varieties of grapes to general use. Mr. "Kready is a Republican in politics and for three years held the office of township auditor un- der the auspices of that party. The gentleman is progressive in his ideas, and always alive to every- thing of benefit and interest to his neighborhood and 288 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY aiding in every manner projects for the betterment of social and industrial institutions. Emanuel W. Eby^ brother of Mrs. Jacob B. Kready (deceased), is a prosperous general farmer of Rapho township. He is the son of Christian and Anna (Wortman) Eby, of East Hempfield township, and was born Nov. 9, 1843, in Rapho township, within one mile of his present home. His parents moved from East Hempfield township to Mt. Joy township, and thence to Rapho township. The father was a farmer and miller and died in July, 1871, at the age of seventy-one years. The mother died in 1889, at the age of eighty-five years, and is buried in the United Brethren Church cemetery of Rapho township. Both Mr. and Mrs. Eby were members of that church. . There were born to their union the following children: Jacob deceased at the age of seventy-two years; George, deceased at the age of seventy-four years ; Mary, widow of George Geyer, of Mt. Joy township; Benjamin, a retired farmer of Middletown, Pa. ; Henry, a retired farmer of Man- heim. Pa. ; ' Ephraim, a retired farmer living near Dayton, Ohio; Rebecca, deceased wife of the late Jacob B. Kready ; John, who died in infancy ; Sam- uel, who died at the age of three years; John (2),, who died in' infancy ; Christian, a Sumner county,/ Kans., farmer; and Emanuel W. Mr. Eby's grandfather was Jacob Eby, of Eas Hempfield township, who in his younger life con ducted a distillery and afterward moved to Raphe township. During his latter days he lived a retirei life, and died at the age of eighty years, in 1850, His wife, Margaret, died just four weeks prior to the time of his death, at the age of eighty years, There was only one son born to this couple, Chris tian, the father of Emanuel, of this sketch. Mr. Eby's mother was twice married, her first husband being a gentleman named Singer. Mr. Eby is a prosperous and well-known man in his community and held in kindly regard by all his friends. CAPTAIN EDWARD WILLIAM Mc- CASKEY, of the Twenty-first United States In- fantry, well known to Lancaster, is now (1903) in his fortieth year, with much efficient work behind him. He was quartermaster of his regiment during almost the entire Philippine campaign, and was for many months also the Depot Quartermaster at Ca- lamba for twenty or more posts in the provinces of Laguna and Batangas during the active operations of General Bell in that country. The Quartermaster was the hardest worked man in the Philippines, with seven busy days in the week ; and Captain Mc- Caskey had it day and night, both in regimental and department duty. Besides, all supplies received and distributed must be accounted for, and all accounts be duly audited at Washington, so that he had plenty of financial responsibility, involving, at times, many hundreds of thousands of dollars. In spite of fever and other ailments incident to the climate. quinine and other medicines almost daily, and the heat and arduous service, all of which must at last have broken him down utterly had he remained much longer on the islands, he did not lose a day from duty while in Cuba or in the Philippines. Captain McCaskey was born in Lancaster Aug. 30, 1863. He comes of sturdy stock in a half-dozen lines ; through his father from the old Douglas fam- ily of Scotland, Davis and Piersol of Wales, Eckert of Switzerland, and Wilson and ' McCaskey of Scotch-irish descent. Archibald Douglas, Jenkins Davis, Jeremiah Piersol, William Eckert and John Wilson, his ancestors in the fifth and sixth genera- tion, were among the earliest settlers of Lancaster county, who took up large tracts of land here im- mediately after the organization of the county in 1730. John McCaskey was a Scotch-Irishman, whO' came to Lancaster county about 1795 from County Monaghan, Ireland. " Through his mother he is de- scended from the English Puritan and Dutch (Hol- land) ancestry in the seventh and eighth generations;. William Chase, who emigrated from England to- Massachusetts about 1635, and Rev. Everardus Bo- gardus, who came from Holland in 1633, ^"^d was the second and most noted clergyman in the Dutch'" settlement of New Amsterdam, now the city of New York. They say there is no better combination in the world than the Scotch and the Dutch, and he has it. After graduating from the High School, of which his father is principal, he entered Franklin ' / and Marshall College and was in the junior class- / when he took the competitive examination for the/ Military Academy in 1882. He graduated from/ West Point June 12, 1886, with good rank in a large class of seventy-six members, and was commissioner second lieutenant in the Twenty-first Infantry. He was married soon after to Miss Catharine W. Keii- nedy, and ordered to the West. After a month at Fort Bridger, the supply point for the hostile White River Utes, the mountain trail becoming impassable, he was sent to Price. From this place he went to- Fort DuChesne, in Central Utah, 100 miles or more from railroad communication, a strategic post in the midst of three hostile Indian tribes, which had been established but a few weeks before by General Crook. During the winter and spring they lived in tents, looked after the Indians, ran a sawmill and built permanent quarters. Colonel Benteen was in command, the officer who saved Reno's battalion after the Custer massacre. On the way out to this post he had what he re- gards as the narrowest escape from death he has ever known, which in one of his letters is described in this graphic fashion : '"I have been thinking of the miracle of our escape here on the mountains out from Price that day when the closed ambulance — thrown upon its side as we rounded the curve of the narrow wagon road — was slipping, slipping farther and farther over the edge of the precipice. A few seconds more would have hurled us, with plucky driver and four frightened mules, to certain deatli EDWARD W. McCASKEY, Captain and Q. M. Twenty-First U. S. Infantry. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 28^ on the jagged rocks far below, for the heavy ambu- lance going down would have dragged the mules with it. I live it all over again — it is burned into me ! Narrow roadway for single wagon blasted out of the face of the cliff, not long, but the only way' 'round ; ambulance upset on the sharp curve ; mules pulling right on, without control; man driving thrown on loose rock and unconscious; regular driver, all alive to the danger, thrown beyond him on the smooth slope of solid rock, with pitch like the steep-sloping roof of a house, slipping to the drop and nothing to catch hold of or to stop him — when suddenly one of the lines running by on the rock comes i ust within his reach ! It had nearly passed him when he saw and gripped it like a flash — the only hope for him and us. He told me that he thought, as he snatched it, 'if it's the wrong line I'll pull them down only a moment sooner.' Thank God ! it was the line to hold us. The mules were jerked to a dead stop in a tangled heap against the wall of rock, as he came up the slope, hand over hand, on the line, to open the door of the ambulance, which lay on its side hanging over the edge, to salute and ask, 'Is the lady hurt, sir ? When we were upset I caught you and tried to ease you up as we dragged along, but did not know the full situation till we got you out.' I've been near to the edge more than once, have heard the zip of bullets very close; they've knocked the match from my fingers, and cut the weeds between my knees, and touched very near my life; a big chunk of iron passed between Rees and me when a heavy cannon burst for our gun squad at West Point ; in Cuba one of their shells ex- ploded so near my head that for a time I thought the flaming gas had destroyed my eyesight. But noth- ing else has ever seemed so near as this, when that splendid fellow, the Sergeant driver, saved us all. And he took it almost as a bit of ordinary duty. Nobody who afterwards looked at the place and knew the facts could see how it was possible to es- cape, except by the miracle of the Sergeant's quick grip upon the line. What good angel threw it within his reach? I think it was the Providence of God." In 1887 he was ordered to the Infantry and Cav- alry .School of Application at Fort Leavenworth, passed the course and graduated in 1889. Col. Alex. M. McCook was at the head of the school; Major General Mac Arthur, then a Captain, was one of the instructors, as were other officers who have since risen to distinction. After a brief furlough he went to Fort McKinney, Wyoming, under command of Major, afterwards General, Guy V. Henry. Here he spent a year as quartermaster, etc. ; on frequent scouting duty, because of the "ghost dances" and other uneasiness among the Indians previous to the Sioux War, which broke out the next year. One of these expeditions led into the Big Horn mountains, through the Bad Lands and Yellowstone Park. From McKinney he went, in 1890, to Fort Douglas, at Salt Lake City. The Sioux war having now broken out, the troops from this post, 1,800 miles 19 distant, went to the Bad Lands of the White River, in South Dakota. This campaign lasted but a few months, the troops surrounding the Indians and holding them in check until overtures of peace were made from General Miles, through friendly chiefs, and accepted by the Sioux. From Douglas he went to Orriaha, in 1891, as ai member of the Executive Committee of the rifle con- test held at Bellevue, in the Department of the Platte. Again to Fort DuChesne, as quartermaster and adjutant, under Major Randlett — one of the best officers and one of the best men he has known in the army — building houses, laying out gardens, running irrigating ditches on the mesa, etc. From DuChesne he was ordered to the Pennsyl- vania State College, in 1892, as instructor in mili- tary tactics, where he remained for four years. Of 120 colleges and schools to which army officers were then detailed, his battalion, for general appearance and drill, was rated third, the first being West Point, the second the military school at Orchard Lake, Michigan, and the third Pennsylvania State College. At the close of this detail he made a very quick trip to Europe, in September, 1896, of but three weeks' duration, in which he traveled over twelve thousand miles in twenty-two days, making an average of about 550 miles per day. "Fast ocean steamers, fast mail trains by night, sightseeing by day, visiting a dozen leading Capitals of Europe; knowing before reaching a city what to see and how to see it so as not to lose an hour anywhere— going" as far as Eastern Austria, within 300 miles of Odessa, quarter way 'round the world, for the mili- tary manoeuvres — and anything else that might be seen "on the wing." He reported the trip to the War Department, as it was of semi-official character, and rejoined his regiment at Plattsburg, New York, in October. Here he had charge of the battalion drill in special athletics and on firing range, and prepared one company for the campaign in Cuba. During the summer of 1897 the regiment was the special escort to President McKinley and other Government officials spending the season at Bluff Point Hotel, on Lake Champlain. The Maine having been sunk in Havana harbor, the Twenty-first Regiment left for Cuba April 19, i8g8, five hundred strong, one of the finest organiza- tions in the service, many of the men being lumber- men and others who had been familiar with the woods and with firearms for most of their lives. They reached Tampa April 22, where they remained for six weeks; sailed for Cuba early in June, and landed at Siboney — afterwards a yellow fever pest- hole — near Santiago, June 21st. The regiment went forward the last days of June and June 30 were in the advance on picket. At midnight of that day the troops generally moved forward and were in po- sition. By noon the Twenty-first was in the zone of fire, on the second line at 3 o'clock, on the first line by 4 o'clock, aiding in driving toward the city the Spanish rapid-fire guns from the fleet and two di- 290 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY visions of their infantry as rear guard, the Spaniards leaving one division to die on the hill in the trenches. At five o'clock the Twenty-first had the most ad- vanced position, within 250 yards of the enemy's ^ first Ime, separated from it by six lines of barbed ' wire, six strands high. The loss of the regiment this day was forty-two men, one officer, and forty-eight casuals, who had joined the Twenty-first, having lost their own commands. They worked all that night, with axes, pocketknives, a shovel or two, their hands, anything, to get up shallow earthworks for protection. Firing began again at four a. m. and continued fiercely until eight p. m., sixteen hours, with nothing to eat, very little water, and the heat so terrific during a part of the time that some of the men became hysterical and crazy under the long- continued strain of excitement and duty. About ten o'clock there was a night attack, and very heavy firing ; casualties small, but the spies re- ported heavy loss among the Spaniards. This situa- tion lasted during the tst, 2nd and 3rd of July. The Spanish fleet left the harbor on Sunday, July 3, and was destro)'ed. In the interval from the 3rd to the loth there was a truce to arrange terms of sur- render, both sides strengthening their positions. Sharp firing was renewed on the loth, continued on the nth, less severe on the 12th, ultimatum on the 13th that charge would be made on Spanish position unless they surrendered within twenty-four hours. The brigade to which the Twenty-first Regiment belonged was under orders to lead this charge. Axes to cut the posts and nippers to cut the wires had been distributed, and the delay at the wire defenses of the Spaniards would have meant awful slaughter of our troops had the enemy not surrendered or had this unwise and reckless plan of attack been carried out. The Spaniards agreed to surrender, terms were finally approved, and the surrender took place July 17th. Then came the sick camps, for some four weeks, daily growing worse. Because of their depressing influence upon the soldiers, there were no funeral ceremonies after August 1st. Supplies were short and of inferior quality, and the army was in des- perate condition, when Roosevelt's "Round Robin" got into the newspapers of the United States and so stirred the nation that the troops were ordered home and thousands of lives saved. The regiment went to Montauk Point, on a captured Spanish boat, Mor- tero, making the trip in eleven days, instead of the usual time of five days, because of the loss of their compass and the leaking condition of the ship. After a month at Montauk, the Twenty-first was ordered again to Plattsburg, on Lake Champlain, to recuperate and recruit for the coming campaign. Here C'aptain McCaskey had charge for six months of many hundred sick men, nearly a thousand at times, mostly typhoid cases, who had been sent from the Southern camps. He was examined for pro- motion in New York, his commission as Captain bearing date of March 2, 1898. The Twenty-first left for the Philippines April loth, left San Francisco April i8th, and reached Manila May 11, making a ''record trip" of eighteen days across the Pacific. The regiment went at once upon the line of de- fenses outside the city, and on the following night the company under his command lost one man killed and another wounded. They remained on the line near the Deposito for some three or four weeks, with movements back and forth, and on July 6th relieved the Colorado volunteer regiment at the Pump House, which was the source of the water supply of the city of Manila. The most stubborn fighting in this vicinity was on the 12th of August. Then to Manila and tip the railroad after General Pilar. In this move Captam McCaskey commanded a battalion, with busy work for three days, the firing almost in- cessant. The Twenty-first then went down to Calamba, at the head of Laguna de Bale, where he was made quartermaster of the regiment. This place was taken in July, and held, as a strategic measure, to keep several thousand rebels so busy here that they could not give aid to the insurrectos in the Northern campaign. By the end of the year, the campaign in the North being nearly over, fresh troops were sent to the South, and the regiment, which, during those six months had sufifered greatly from disease and the casualties of battle — ^being all the while on the firing line and in the trenches on the south of the city — was sent to Pasay to guard the southern line of defenses of Manila. The Twenty-first Regiment had by this time lost twice as many men as any other on the islands, and its losses during the entire war were greater than any other. When the P'ourteenth Regiment went to China, in July, the Twenty-first took their place in Manila, where the regiment remained until November. Then to Batangas province by sea, with headquarters at Lipa. This was a strong moneyed centre of the in- surrectos and was occupied by the Twenty-first until they left the islands. May 6, 1902. Captain McCaskey was sent down to Calamba, June 5th, 1901, as Depot Quartermaster, under di- rection of General Wheaton, commanding the De- partment of Luzon, his business being to see to the distribution of supplies from Caljunba, by wagon and pack train, to most of the troops now ordered into these provinces imder General Bell to crush the last army of the insurrectos. This was a very re- sponsible and arduous duty. Some ten thousand men were employed in this final campaign, and from twenty to twenty-five or more army posts, as well as troops in the field, were to be kept in supplies, over very bad roads, often almost or quite impass- able, and through an enemy's country. But the great work was done, and in a manner so efficient as to give him wide and enviable reputation in the army. General Lawton at an early period in the war had put so high an estimate upon his work that, had he lived, he would have called him to more important duty than even that at Calamba. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 291 The supplies were shipped by water to Calamba, in cascoes, averaging perhaps ten each week, each holding from thirty to sixty tons. A train of sixty wagons handled them. Some three hundred natives were employed, and nearly a hundred white civil- ians, in addition to the military guards and soldiers on other duty connected with receipt, storage and shipment. The work frequently occupied eighteen hours out of the twenty-four, and often the entire twenty- four. It was necessary, also, for nearly a year to feed about ten thousand of the natives, to whom rice was supplied as the chief article of food. All this work was under the personal direction of Cap- tain McCaskey. The regiment left Luzon May 6, from the port of Batangas, because of the cholera in Manila, and, after a trip of twenty-four days, reached San Fran- cisco June I, 1902, stopping for two days at Na- gasaki, where 2,000 tons of coal were taken aboard. At San Francisco they were ten days in getting their baggage through the Custom House. Over 8,000 packages had to be opened and examined by the in- spectors of the port. Twenty inspectors and sixty soldiers and non-commissioned officers were upon the job day and night for a week. Captain McCackey, as quartermaster, m charge of everything. From San Francisco six companies and the regimental band went to Fort Snelling, Minnesota, four com- panies to Fort Yates, North Dakota, and two to Port Kcogh, Montana. The trip to their posts oc- cupied a week. Fort Snelling reservation, which is about three square miles in extent, is one of the im- portant military posts of the country, all arms of the service being represented. It is about four miles west of a straight line perhaps fifteen miles long connecting the centres of population of St. Paul and Minneapolis, and within six or seven miles of each of these great cities. Captain McCaskey is the busi- ness man of the post. His wife and family of eight children, six sons and two daughters, are with him here, in comfortable quarters, five of the children in daily attendance, by ambulance and trolley car, in the schools of St. Paul. The letters of Captain McCaskey to his wife from the time he left Plattsburg, in 1899, until he reached Fort Snelling, in 1902, are probably the most uniqtie series of daily sketches of army life and duty written during that war. They form a con- tinuous series, and often include brief and hurried lines at different times in the day. These cursory notes of the moment, giving events as they occurred, and things as they looked to a keen observer on the spot — describing the people, the duty, the life, the climate, the food, the shelter, the drenching storms, the casualties of war, etc.— would make a book of unusual interest. Many of them have been published in the daily papers of Lancaster, and have been read very widely, but the complete story of nearly twelve hundred days — not a day missing — should be printed in book form as one of the unique records of army life in Luzon during the late war. DAVID F. WELSH, residing at No. 349 Locust street. Columbia, is one of the five living engineers who were in the employ of the Pennsylvania rail- road when it was operated by the State. This faith- ful servant of the company has recently been retired, so that now in his eighty-third year he can enjoy the comfort and quietness of home, and draws a bounti- ful pension under the new plan lately adopted by the company. Mr. Welsh was born in Pine Grove, Chester Co., Pa., Sept. 20, [820, a son of David and Margaret (Fleming) Welsh, the former a native of Lancaster county, this State, the latter of County Derry, Ire- land. His paternal grandfather, William Welsh, an iron manufacturer, was a native of England, while his maternal grandfather, James Fleming, was born in Ireland, and came to America in 1799. He lived for a time in Lancaster county, but died in Chester county. The father, a forgeman by occupation, spent his entire life in Lancaster county, and died in Coler- ain township, in 1845, his remains being interred near the L^nion meeting house ; his wife died in 1854, and was laid to rest in Mt. Bethel cemetery, Columbia. Their children were : Charles T., who was a brake- man for the Henry Clay Furnace and was killed on the Pennsylvania Railroad; William, who died in infancy ; Caroline E., who married William Maloney and died in Chester, Pa., in 1900, aged eighty-two years ; Samuel S., who died in Columbia ; and David F., of this review. At the age of ten years David F. Welsh began his business career as a "nailer boy" in the old Mar- tic forge operated by Pyle & Pinnick, for whom he worked two years, and later was employed at the White Rock forge, at the Ringwood forge by John McGowan, and the Sadsbury forge by Robert Sproul, after which he returned to White Rock forge for a short time. Tiring of this work he went to Noble- ville, near Christiana, where he engaged in the dry goods and grocery business for one year. It was then that he became fascinated with railroad life and be- gan his career by operating a market car between Nobleville and Philadelphia. At the age of twenty- six. Mr. Welsh was given the contract to straighten the North Bend curve east of Christiana, on which he had a number of men and carts engaged. After completing that work he came to Columbia and con- ducted an individual car between that place and Philadelphia, for Bingham & Dock. A few years later he was employed by the State to operate coal and coke cars from plane No. 4, on the Allegheny mountains, to Philadelphia. In 1855 he was made fireman on the old State railroad and after heaving coal one year he was promoted to engineer. When the Pennsylvania Company purchased the road from the State in 1857, Mr. Welsh went with the new com- pany and was employed by them as engineer until Sept. 25, 1899, when he "stopped off." When the pension plan went into effect Jan. i, 1900, he was re- tired, being in his eightieth year, and having served the company faithfully and well for a period of fifty- 292 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY four years. He was an efficient and careful engineer and had very few accidents during his railroad life. In Pine Grove, Pa., Mr. Welsh was married, in November, 1847, to Nancy Maloney, a native of Chester county, who died in July, 1890, aged sixty- five years, and was buried in Mt. Bethel cemetery, Columbia. Her parents, James and Sarah (Roberts) Maloney, were also natives of Chester county, but died in Oxford. Her maternal grandfather was a deserter from the English navy, was wounded and left with Washington at Valley Forge. On his re- covery he remained with the American army until the close of the war. He died at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Maloney, at the advanced age of ninety-six years and six months. Of the four chil- dren born to Mr. and Mrs. Welsh the eldest, Taylor, died in childhood. Samuel married Alice Shell, of Columbia, and while serving as engineer on No. 9, running Pullman cars between Harrisburg and Philadelphia, was killed in a railroad wreck at the former place, many others losing their lives at the same time. Carrie, the only daughter, is successfully conducting a millinery and notion store in Columbia, and with her the father now lives. David E. married Grace Diver, and is now a prominent physician and oculist of Grand Rapids, Michigan. JACOB G. HERSHEY, one of the prominent and successful farmers of the township of East Donegal, Lancaster county, is located on a farm that has been in the possession of the family since I735- Mr. Hershey was born Dec. 19, 1843, ^ son of Isaac L. and Mary (Garber) Hershey. Isaac L. Hershey was born on the family home- stead, while his wife, Mary Garber, was a native of East Donegal township. Both died on the farm where Jacob G., their son, is now living, the father in 1889 ^'^d the mother in 1844, at the early age of twenty-five years. Both were members of the River Brethren Church, of which Mr. Hershey was a dea- con for twenty-eight years. Their children were; Noah G., now a retired farmer in Dickinson county, Kans., and Jacob G. After the death of his first wife Mr, Hershey was married to Miss Catherine Strayer, by whom he had one child, Ephraim, who died in infancy. The grandparents of Jacob G. Hershey were Jacob and Mary Hershey, the former born on the family estate and the grandmother in East Donegal township. Both died on the farm where they spent their wedded life. In religion he was a member of the River Brethren Church. The great-grandpar- ents of Mr. Hershey, whose name introduces this article, were pioneer settlers of this part of Lancaster county. Mr. Hershey was the first bishop of the Mennonite denomination in this part of the State, and was a man of much character, zeal and ability. The maternal grandparents of Mr. Hershey were Jacob and Mary (Miller) Garber, both natives and residents of Lancaster county. Jacob G. Hershey was married Nov. 8, 1864, in the home of the wife's parents, Mr. and Mrs. C. H. Nissley, to Mary Nissley. The Nissleys were an old and well established family of Lancaster county,, and Mrs. Hershey is connected with many of the best people in this part of the State. To this union were born: Amanda, who married Abraham R.. Gish, of West Donegal township, where he is gen- eral agent for the Page Fence Co. ; Ephraim, a gen- eral farmer of East Donegal township, who married Anna Engle ; Jacob N., who is in the creamery busi- ness in Adams county, Pa., and married to Lizzie Zercher; Isaac N., who is in the creamery business in Dauphin county. Pa., and married to Emma Mar- tin; Barbara N., who married Abraham Shenk, ai farmer in the township of Mt. Joy; Christian, who- was married to. Frances Wolgmuth, Oct. 9, 1902; and Paris and Eli are both at home. Mrs. Mary (Nissley) Hershey was born in Mt. Joy township, Aug. 11, 1846, a daughter of Christ; H. and Barbara (Nissley) Nissley, who were born- in Mt. Joy and West Donegal townships, respect- ively. They both died in Florin, Pa. Mr. Nissley at his death was a retired farmer, who had filled sev- eral important local and county offices in his active- years, and was president of the Union National Bank. His death occurred in 1895, at the age of seventy years, and that of his wife in 1897', and botb were buried in the Graybill Meeting House Ceme- tery. Mr. Hershey owns two farms, one of 107 acres and one near Maytown of eighty acres, which are highly cultivated and show in every part the touch of a skilled and competent farmer. A member of the River Brethren Church, he is a man of char- acter and standing in the community, where his re- liability is beyond question. A family relic of great value and of great ven- eration as well is Mr. Hershey's great-great-grand- father's clock on the old homestead, dated 1774. It was made by George Hoff, of Lancaster City, and' Jacob Hershey's name is on its face. JOHN F. REED, for many years prominent in- the business world of Lancaster as a dealer in leaf tobacco, was a native son of Lancaster, where he was born April 5, 1858, and where he died Jan. 5,- 1897. His parents, George K. and Mary (Fetter) Reed, were natives, respectively, of Lancaster and' Bethlehem, Pa., and the former was well known as the president of the Conestoga National Bank. Born of this union were four children : John F., deceased ; Susette, who died in infancy; Catherine, who also- died in infancy; and Harry, who is a resident of Lancaster. A practical common school education, supple- mented by a course at Nazareth Hall Military School,. constituted the training with which John F. Reed entered upon his business career as a dealer in leaf tobacco. He was successful from the start, his gen- eral ability and unquestioned integrity placing a high value upon the wealth which rewarded his- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 293 -efforts. In 1877 he married Clara Parker, born in Newark, N. J., and daughter of Edward and Amelia (Sylvia) Parker. Mr. Parker was a prominent •busmess man of Newark, and accumulated a com- petence in the grain trade. He was a member of the Episcopal Church, and variously identified with the social and other organizations in which Newark abounded. His death occurred in 1868, at the age •of forty-five, he having been pre-deceased by his wife in 1865, at the age of thirty-two. To Mr. and -Mrs. Reed were born four children: George K., Robert H., Sylvia P. and Paul De H. Mrs. Reed is the second youngest in a family of five children, the ■others being : Augusta, the wife of A. Groff, a real ■estate man of Lancaster ; Edward, a resident of Lan- •caster ; Mary A., wife of John Sheaffer, a coal mer- •chant of Lancaster : and Amelia, the wife of Charles A. Bitner, in the tobacco business in Lancaster. On Dec. 31, 1901, Mrs. Reed was united in mar- riage with WiUiam T. Hambright, member of the Teal and insurance firm of Landis & Hambright. Mrs. Hambright sustains an admirable social posi- tion in Lancaster, entertains in a delightful and un- convential manner, and utilizes her talents and ver- satility for the general betterment of the community. EUGENE GERHART SMITH was born in Manheim, Lancaster county, a son of Dr. Frisby Rohr Smith, of Maryland, and his wife Elizabeth Barbara Gerhart, of Pennsylvania. Captain David Smith, his paternal grandfather, served in the War of 1812 and the Mexican War. As did three generations before him, he lived at An- tietam, or Sharpsburg, Md. Capt.' Smith married Anne Maria Rohr, of Frederick, Md., where her family for several generations had lived. Both were of German descent. Rev. Isaac Gerhart, maternal grandfather of Eu- gene G. Smith, was a clergyman of the Reformed ■Church of the United States. His wife was Sarah Vogel, who was born in Philadelphia, Pa., whither Tier parents had removed from Paris, France, before the Revolution; her father came from Alsace, and her mother from France. The Gerhart ancestors ■emigrated from Alsace in 1730. Rev. Isaac Gerhart was also the father of Rev. E. V. Gerhart, D. D., "LL. D., the president of the theological seminary •of the Reformed Church, located at Lancaster. When less than ten years old, Eugene Gerhart Smith came with his mother, his father having died, and her only other child, George Albert Smith, from Antietam to Lancaster. He attended the common and High Schools of the city, and entered Franklin and JNIarshall College in 1869, from which institu- tion he was graduated in June, 1873. Of the socie- ties connected with the college he was a member of the Diagnothian and the Phi Kappa Sigma Frater- nity. In February, 1874, he was registered as a law student, and prosecuted his studies in the office of ihis preceptor, E. PI. Yundt, Esq. He was admitted to the Bar Jan. 24, 1876. In 1878 he was elected City Solicitor of Lancaster. His term of office as Solicitor was marked by a conflict which waged be- tween the City of Lancaster and the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, by reason of the refusal of the latter to supply gates, or watchmen, at the streets where the road crossed at grade. The City Solicitor was directed to bring suits against the railroad com- pany for violating an ordinance regulating the speed at which trains were permitted to pass through the municipal limits. Numerous suits were instituted against the railroad company — one hundred and seventy-nine appearing as having been appealed to one term of court — resulting in a victory in every in- stance for the City. On Nov. 2, 1882, Mr. Smith married Margaret Jean Wiley, the eldest daughter of Colonel William M. and Hannah J. (Dull) Wiley. One child, Flor- ence Wiley, has been born of this union. While always a partisan Republican, Mr. Smith gave more attention to his profession than to active politics. Not until 1891 was his influence felt in that field. In the struggle that year between the Hon. John B. Livingston and the Hon. H. C. Bru- baker for the nomination to succeed the former as Judge of the Courts of Lancaster county, he was active. He became a potent force through the col- umns of the Morning News, the only morning daily paper published in the City of Lancaster, which, shortly before this time, E. K. Martin, Esq., and he had purchased. He has been ever willing to assist in the development of the resources of his city and county, and helped in the organization of a number of corporations, in the directorate of some of which he served, among them the Conestoga Traction Com- pany. He was among the early ones to advocate the importance of a social club in the city, and the Ham- ilton Club was organized, of which he is a charter member, and of the original board of direction of which he was a member. Judicial districts of sufficient magnitude in Penn- sylvania under the Constitution of 1874 are entitled to a separate Orphans' Court. By reason of its prog- ress and growth Lancaster ■ county, the second ju- dicial district of Pennsylvania, became entitled to such a Court. There are now nine in the State, of which it is one. Without opposition our subject was nominated, and elected the Judge of this Court in November, 1901, and took his seat as its first judge in January, 1902. ISAAC GROFF, a retired farmer of Mechanics Grove, in East Drumore township, Lancaster county, was born in the township where he is still living, Aug. 19, 1834, being a son of Joseph and Nancy (Smith) Groff, both natives of Lancaster county. Joseph Groff was born Aug. 20, 1798, his father being Joseph Groft", Sr., who was born in Providence township, about the middle Bf the eigliLcei-rth-e^itur-y, — -A^ and 's supposed to have been the son of Hans Groff, who came jrom Germany, and settled near Lancaster. Joseph Grolt, Jr., was married^in December, 294 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1825, to Nancy Smith, who was born in Lancaster county, June 10, 1801. He was the fifth member of his father's family, according to the following state- ment: John, the oldest brother lived and died in Providence township ; Jacob lived in the same town- ship ; Annie was the wife of Jacob Eshelman ; Sam- uel lived and died in Providence township; Joseph. Joseph Grofif was engaged in tilling a farm in East Drumore township all his active years. He lived to be seventy-nine and died on his farm home in January, 1877, his widow passing to her reward Sept. 20, 1888. They were devout Methodists, and for many years he was a class leader in the Mount Hope Methodist Church. His parents, however, were members of the Old Mennonite Church. Joseph Grofif was the sire of ten children, (i) Abraham, born in 1826, died in his early manhood. (2) Joseph, born in 1S28, married Miss Lizzie Craw- ford, and settled in East Drumore township, on a .farm. During the war he was a member of one of the Pennsylvania regiments and did creditable ser- vice at the front. He died at his home in East Dru- more in December, 1881. His widow and family are still residing in East Drumore township. (3) Sarah, born in July, 1830, is the wife of Robert Barnes, of Quarry ville. (4) John, born in 1832, died in childhood. (5) Isaac is mentioned below. (6") Mary A., born in November, 1836, married Thomas Hoffman, and died soon after her marriage. (7) Catherine E., born in December, 1838, married Francis McCrabb, and died leaving a large family. (8) Capt. Benjamin, born in East Drumore, in September, 1841, enlisted in the Union army and by the display of signal valor and marked ability rose from the ranks by successive steps to become a cap- tain under General Grant. He was wounded at Antietam, but survived the perils of war to return home and become a member of the legal profession. For a time he lived in Kansas, but later had his home and office in Reading, Pa., where he was engaged in his profession at the time of his death in 1886. He married Mrs. Mary Bull and of his four children, Ira and Frank live in" Pittsburg, and Annie and Mabel in Philadelphia. (9) Henry W., born in September, 1843, died in childhood. (10) Elias, born in November, 1845, enlisted in the Union army when a lad of only sixteen years of age, and served throughout the war in one of the Pennsylvania reg- iments. He returned to East Drumore township, where he married Miss Letitia Painter, a daughter of Ezekiel Painter. Until 1888 they lived in East Drumore township. That year they moved to Wash- ington, D. C, where he holds a government position.' He is the father of the following children : Harry, Marion, Winfried, Charles and Ralph. Isaac Grofif was reared on the old homestead in East Drumore township, where he was living at the outbreak of the Civil war. He enlisted, and be- came a corporal of Co. H, 79th P. V. I., serving throughout the entire struggle and making a credit- able record. Among the many memorable battles and conflicts in which he participated were those at Missionary Ridge, Stone Ridge, the battles around Atlanta, Lookout Mountain, Peach Tree Creek and Chickamauga, where his haversack and canteen were shot away. He was a part of the gallant host that marched with Sherman down to the sea and was twice honorably discharged, his first enlistment be- ing for three years, and his second for the war. At the close of the war Mr. Grofif returned to the old home in Drumore township, where he had left a young wife, having been married in 1861 to Miss Louisa Marshall, the daughter of Abraham and Martha Marshall, and a native of West Drumore township, where she was born in 1833. Mr. and Mrs. Grofif lived for three years in Paradise town- ship, where he dealt in real estate. In 1869 he moved to East Drumore township, where he farmed and dealt extensively in real estate. Later still he pur- chased the fine brick residence intended for a parson- age at Mechanics Grove. This he sold after a time* and bought the brick residence of Joseph Ferguson,, where he still resides, owning one of the most de- sirable homes in that part of the county. Mrs. Grofif died April 14, 1887, leaving no children. Mr. Groff is a Republican, and with his wife belonged to the Methodist Church, where they were active and devoted workers. EDWARD H. PLANK, M. D., in his lifetime a popular and skilled physician at Christiana, Pa., whose long and successful career as a healer of the sick and as an upright citizen won for him a place in the hearts of the community, was born in Caer- narvon township, Lancaster county, in 1846, and was a son of David K. and Susan (Evans) Plank, farm- ing people of Lancaster county. His father, who was born in October, 1821, retired from farming in 1886, the year after his wife died, and moved to Reading, where he is still living. Mrs. Susan (Evans) Plank died in 1885, at the age of sixty- four. She was a member of the Episcopal Church, while her husband belonged to the Methodist com- munion. They were good and upright people, and reared the following family : Edward H. ; J. Luther, now a justice of. the peace in Caernarvon township, Berks county ; Charles, a train dispatcher of the Reading Railroad; Esther, Elizabeth and Franklin, who all died young. Jacob and Leah (Zug) Plank, the paternal grand- parents of Edward H., were farmers in Berks county. Jacob Plank wag a son of Peter Plank,. and was born in 1785. Jean Planche, the head of a Huguenot family>. came from Switzerland to America in 1709, arriv- ing in New York in the month of Decertiber. He had been exiled from France at the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685 by Louis XIV., and for some years had been a resident of the Swiss Re- public before coming to the New World. During the winter of 17 10 he remained in New York» Jacques de la Planche was the head of the Plank BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 295 family in Lancaster county. The vessel on which this notable ancestor crossed the ocean left the old world June 30, spent nine days in England, and arrived in Philadelphia Oct. 3; there he remained a short time and then moved to Berks county. David Evans, of Lancaster county, was the ma- ternal grandfather of Edward H. Plank. The wedding ceremonies of Edward H. Plank and Miss R. Ella Roberts were celebrated in Ebens- burg, Pa., in June, 1878, and born to this union were : E. Roberts; S. Gertrude; Ethel Bird; D. Harlan; Rachel E., who died at the age of six years. Mrs. R. Ella (Roberts) Plank was born in Ebensburg in 1850, and was a daughter of Edward and Susan (Owens) Roberts, of that place, where her father was a prominent and wealthy merchant. For some years before his death he lived retired. Edward H. Plank was reared on the home farm, where he remained until he was eighteen years of age. He studied at the Millersville State Normal School, and in 1868 entered Jefferson College, from which he was graduated in 1870. It was in Cam- bria county, Pa., that he began a medical career that was singularly honorable and successful. After seven years in Cambria county he moved to Chris- tiana, and followed his profession in that community until his death, Feb. 5, 1902. In the Masonic fra- ternity he was much respected, alike for his character and his mastery of the craft ; he had risen to the Third Degree. For fourteen years he was a school di- rector, and was a member of the board of health from the organization of the borough. For one year he was a member of the borough council. His political views were of the Republican order. In his religion he was a member of the Presbyterian Church, and belonged to the session. SIMON H. ENGLE. For one hundred fifty years the name of Engle has been familiar in the agricultural annals of Lancaster county, and repre- sentatives in each generation have held high posi- tions in the religious and official life of the commun- ity. The first of the family to come to America was Ulrich Engle, who with his wife and eight children left their native Canton, of Basel, in Switzerland, and sailed from Rotterdam, by way of Cowes in the Isle of Wight, on the good ship "Phoenix," land- ing in Philadelphia, Pa.'j Oct. i, 1754. They made their home at what is now known as "Wild Cat," a station on the Pennsylvania Railroad, west of Marietta, and their remains now lie buried in a small burying ground on a part of their original pur- chase. Of their children, Ulrich, Jr., wedded Mar- tha Bixler; John married Elizabeth Shock; Jacob married Faniiy Shock ; Annie married Henry Grove ; Christina wedded Jacob Musser; another daughter married Benjamin Musser; and the two remaining cliildren married into the Witraer family. Tohn Engle, second in the above mentioned fam- ily, was born Oct. 16, 1745, and died Jan. 18, 1824. His wife, Elizabeth Shock, was born Jan. 10, 1749, and died Feb. 12, 1828. They made their home on a farm in Conoy township now in the possession of their great-grandson, Simon H. Engle. They were the parents of five children: Jacob, who married Martha Strickler ; John, who married Hester Long ; Annie, who married John Heisey; Eliza, who mar- ried John Gish ; and Fanny, who married John Hoff- man. Of these Jacob Engle was born July 9, 1773, and died Jan. 24, 1841, while his wife, Martha Strickler, was born Jan. 24, 1780, and died Jan. 12, 183 1, and their remains now lie at rest in a cemetery on a farm in Conoy township, on the Abraham B. Engle estate. Jacob was the father of eight children : John, born Jan. 3, 1804, died Aug. 8, 1831, married Catherine Nissley; Henry, born May 30, 1806, mar- ried Nancy Brubaker; Rev. Jacob S., born Nov. 10, 1808, married Barbara Wolgemuth; David, born in 1820, married Mary Hamaker; Elizabeth married Rudolph Good; Martha, born Aug. 21, 1811, died Aug. 27, 1831 ; Fanny, born in 1814, mar- ried Rev. Jacob N. Graybill ; and Susanna, born 1817, married John P. Kraybill, a bishop of the River Brethren Church. John Engle, son of John and Elizabeth (Shock) Engle and a representative in the third generation of the family in this country, followed farming as an occupation, and made his permanent home on the farm occupied by his father, and now occupied by his own grandson, Simon H. He was very progres- sive and industrious, and died at the age of sixty- four. His wife, Hester Long, died in 1835, at the age of sixty. They sleep tlieir last sleep side by side in the old family burying ground on the home farm. They were the parents of the following chil- dren: John, who wedded a Miss Stern; Christian, mentioned below; Jacob, who married a Maria Long; Joseph, who wedded Barbara Breneman; Elizabeth, who married Benjamin Hershey ; and Hester, who wedded Nicholas Peck. All are now deceased. Christian L. Engle was born on the old home- stead farm, and made his home there until 1859, when he removed to an adjoining farm where his last years were spent. Fle was a very successful far- mer, and added many substantial improvements to the old home. He was active in public affairs, taking an intelligent interest in such subjects, and was a man whose common sense and clear judgment made him a natural adviser on important matters. His neighbors and friends relied implicitly in his wisdom, and never hesitated to consult him even in regard to their private affairs. He was never in any sense an office seeker, but for one term held the office of County Poor director. In religious faith he belonged to the River Brethren Church. His wife, Maria Hess, daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Lichty) Hess, farming people of Lancaster county, bore him a large family of children, namely : Simon H. ; Christian, deceased in infancy ; John, deceased at the age of eighteen ; Martha, who married John L. Hoffman, a cigar manufacturer and farmer of 296 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Snyder county, Pa. ; Joseph, a farmer of Coney township ; Amos, a retired citizen of Maytown, Pa., who married Martha Lenhart ; Mary, who married Henry M. Engle, a farmer of Rapho township. The father died in 1887, aged eighty-two years, and the mother the same year, aged seventy-five years. Simon H. Engle, son of Christian L. Engle, was born on his present farm Nov. 3, 1833, and has passed his entire life as a thoroughly up-to-date far- mer. He has read widely, and a naturally discern- ing mind has given him a close insight into public questions, on which he is a recognized authority, more particularly does he take keen interest in edu- cational questions, and closely watches the advance- ment of the common schools. For thirty years he has been a school director, and has given much of his time to the personal inspection of the schools in his care. In politics he is a stanch Republican. On Dec. 8, 1857, Mr. Engle was united in mar- riage with Miss Mary Graybill, who was born in East Donegal township, Sept. i, 1839, daughter of Rev. Jacob N. and Fanny (Engle) Graybill. To this union came eight children, viz. : Paris G., who married Mattie Hess, and has two children, Mary and Robert ; Naomi G., at home ; Walter G., of Middle- town, Pa., who married Minnie Shireman, and has one child, Rachel; Myra G., at home; Emma, who married John Hiestand, in the bakery supply busi- ness in Philadelphia, and has one child, John; Christian G., notary public and manager of the Real Estate Exchange at Columbia, Pa. ; Mary G., a school teacher residing at home; and Gertrude, at home. The family are all highly esteemed, and are deservedly popular in the county. They are con- sistent Christian people, endeavoring to do good while they may, and are earnestly at work to aid those less fortunate than themselves. Rev. Jacob N. Graybill, father of Mrs. Engle, was a farmer of Lancaster county, and for forty years was a preacher of the River Brethren Church. He was earnest and devout in his work, never at any time allowing his own personal feelings or duties to stand in the way, if he saw any possible chance of doing good to a fellow man. He married Fanny Engle, daughter of Jacob and Martha (Strickler) Engle, and their union was blessed with a large family of children: Simon, who died in 1897, married Emma Brenerman ; Martha married Noah Engle, of Dickinson, Kan. ; Mary ; Christian is manager of a shirt factory at Columbia, Pa., mar- ried Lillie Brenerman; Sarah married Harry Boss- ier, of Middletown, Pa. ; Fanny married Cyrus Mann, of Manor township; Jacob, who married Lizzie Brenerman, is a farmer of East Hempfield township ; Isaiah, retired, married Katie Brandt; Emma mar- ried Alvin Gottschall, of Cumberland county. Pa.; and Lizzie married John Nissley, also of Cumberland county. The father of these children carried on farming actively until within ten years prior to his death, which occurred in 1891, when he was aged eighty-two years. The mother died in 1898, aged eighty years, and the remains of both are interred m a private burying ground connected with the River Brethren Church. Rev. Jacob N. Graybill was a son of Christian and Mary (Nissley) Graybill, representatives of pioneer families of Lancaster county, and highly respected people. WILLIAM RIDDLE, educator, author and for many years a leading citizen of Lancaster in the ad- ministration of its municipal affairs, is one of the most familiar figures in the city; and there is no department of the city government upon which he has not left his impress. Jacob Riddle, his father, was born in Wurtem- berg, Germany, and before reaching his majority left his home with several of his young companions for America. To accomplish his purpose he was compelled to enter into a written agreement with his parents that under no circumstances would he ever be allowed to share, with his brothers and sis- ters, the legacy that, under other conditions, might fall to his lot in the years to come. Under these strained relations, he shook the dust of German soil from his feet, landing in Philadelphia some months later ; and from there reached Lancaster a few years after it became a city. Some years thereafter he married Frederica Killinger, who, at the time, resided with her parents on what was for many years known as the Stambaugh homestead, directly north of the city limits. Mrs. Riddle was the mother of eight children, only two of whom are now living — Mrs. Merz, widow of the late Karl Merz, Professor of Music in the Wooster University, Ohio, and William, the subject of this sketch. Mrs. Riddle died in Lancaster at the age of seventy-three. She was a devoted member of St. James' Episcopal Church under the pastorate of the much lamented Bishop Bowman. William Riddle was born opposite the First Presbyterian church, where he resided until his sixth year, when he moved with his parents to Leesburg, Va. Residing there a few years he re- turned to Lancaster, where he remained, attending the public schools until his seventeenth year. Join- ing his family, he went with them to the village of Paradise; and the same year entered upon a three- years' apprenticeship as a machinist and wood- worker. Turning his attention to literary pursuits later, he applied for a certificate under the late John S. Crumbaugh, county superintendent of schools; and in the year 1858 taught his first school in the borough of Strasburg. During the year following he taught in Leacock township ; and from i860 to 1865 had charge of the Cedar Hill school, in Para- dise township. Returning to the city during the early spring of the latter year he entered the record- ers office, where he remained until the opening of the fall term, when he took charge of tiie South Duke street grammar school, a position he held for three vears. Feeling restless under the close con- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 297 finement, he entered the publishing house of Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor & Co., New York. Remaining in the agency work a few years, he accepted, in the year 1871, the position of adjuster for the Lancaster Fire Insurance Co., whose business extended over nearly every State in the Union. Among his most important work as adjuster was the settlement of the company's losses in the great Chicago fire, reaching said city within twenty-four hours after the first telegraphic dispatch had reached the city. A year later he again associated himself with the book firm above mentioned, in which position he continued, until, a quarter of a century later, it re- solved itself, among others into the American Book Co. Remaining with the latter organization some half dozen years, he retired from the agency busi- ness after an almost continuous service of more than thirty years. Entering the book agency at the close •of the war with a uniform series of text-books of undisputed merit, he was enabled to claim for the schools of Lancaster county, and for other sections of the State, as well as for himself, the credit of hav- ing brought system out of chaos, eliminating from the schools as many as a half dozen dififerent kinds of readers, spellers, geographies, histories and arith- metics, all of which had been used indiscriminately without regard to system or classification. Know- ing whereof he spoke, a former superintendent re- marked years ago that "William Riddle had done more for the advancement of education among the schools of the county in the line of his agency work, in bringing about an up-to-date system of text- books, than had been done up to said time through all other agencies.'' It was the rooting out of Ihe Old by substituting the New, that made possible that higher and broader state of intellectual de- •velopment, which has made the schools of Lancaster ■county what they are to-day second to none in the •Commonwealth. From 1869 to 1872 Mr. Riddle was a member of the Lancaster school board, resigning therefrom at the close of his first term, for the reason that the duties of the office of director were incompatible -with the agency work in which he was then engaged. Por nearly twenty years he was a member of City ■Councils, 'serving' one year in the Common branch and the remainder of the time in the Select, of which Tie was twice honored with the presidency. For seven years he was chairman of Streets and High- ways; "and also served as a member of the special -water committee in charge of the erection of the new -water works. Fraternallv Mr. Riddle is a Mason, belonging to Lancaster Lodge, No. 43, F. & A. M. ; to Lancaster Chapter, No. 43, R. A. M., and to Commandery No. 13, K. T. In the year 1874 Mr. Riddle married Miss Ara- bella Zug, a prominent teacher at the time in our city schools. They have five children living : Mary, William, Howard, Robert, and Helen. They reside at No. 314 North Lime street, in a dwelling erected by himself. The family are members of the Mora- van Church of this city. Possessed of fine observing powers, Mr. Riddle has always wielded a trenchant pen, many of his articles along the line of his travels having attracted considerable attention. His "Tally-Ho" ride through Lancaster county, delivered before the County Teachers' Institute, some few years ago, was well calculated to re-awaken an interest in Lancas- ter county local history among the teachers of the various sections. Another thing that will cause Mr. Riddle's name long to be remembered among the school children as a household word is the large-sized Lancaster county map, which at present hangs upon the walls of nearly all of our six hundred schools. And of this, it may be said, as upon one occasion he re- marked, while exhibiting the map before a body of teachers and directors, "I am as familiar with every road and cross road of this county as I am with every teacher and director." His recent work, however, entitled "Nicholas Comenius, or Ye Pennsylvania Schoolmaster of Ye Olden Time," will not only live in local history among his numerous friends of city and county, but will be found in libraries all over this and other States long after its author has gone to his final re- ward. Of this work, the late Gov. Hastings, writing a personal note to the author from the Executive mansion at Harrisburg, among other things aptly said : "During the time of the Hazleton riots I read every chapter of your book aloud to my comrades, and we unanimously agreed that I should write you this letter of thanks for such an interesting and de- lightful contribution to our Pennsylvania literature. I have always thought that the 'Vicar of Wakefield' was the most charming book in our language. I now think your book comes pretty close to it." Hav- ing already entered its third edition, it has not only found its way into the hands of many a teacher, di- rector and educator of this and other States, but within the past year an invoice of one hundred cop- ies has gone to the teachers of the city of Havana, Cuba. While the author of the "Old Schoolmaster" is no longer actively engaged in the line of his former calling, he is not by any means disposed to fall into "innocuous desuetude," being at the present time employed in other literary work, as well as in the sale of his "favorite Nicholas." Indeed, for a period of more than forty years, from the time Mr. Riddle entered upon the profes- sion of teaching in the little brick schoolhouse in old Strasburg down to the present time, he has attended every County Teachers' Institute held in Lancaster. And to his credit be it said, that during all the years of his agency, there has never been a school board meeting to which he was not invited back the year following. How many of these former directors are still actively engaged in their former work, needs but a glance over the various roll-books of the county to verify. 298 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY DAVID McCLURE, a retired farmer of Bart township, Lancaster county, was born in Strasburg township, March 14, 1819, and is a son of John and Susan (Hull) McClure. In his advanced age he en- joys the satisfaction that must come from a well- spent life, and the confidence and respect of the com- munity in which he has done his work manfully and well. John McClure, who was born in Bart township in August, 1792, married Susan Hull, who was bom in Strasburg township. He was a son of John Mc- Clure, who was bom in Ireland, and came to this country before the Revolution, in which he was as- sociated with Gen. Washington as a supply con- tractor. After the successful conclusion of that war he purchased land near what is known as the Green Tree, and there made the first improvements in this section of Bart township. There both he and his wife died, leaving a large family : James, who lived and died in Bart township ; John ; William, who lived in Beaver county. Pa. ; Thomas, who died unmarried ; Robert, who died young ; Samuel, who died unmar- ried; Francis, who located in Lewistown; Joseph, who lived and died in Bart township ; Jane, who mar- ried Thomas Ross, and lived in Beaver county; Martha, who married Mr. Witherow, and after a residence of some years in Chester county moved with him into Beaver county, where both died. John McClure was married in 1810, and buying a farm in Bart township, near the "Nine Points," made it his home, and there died. On this farm his youngest son, Thomas, is now living. There were thirteen children in the family, nine of whom are now living, (i) David was the eldest of the survivors. (2) John, who is now dead, was a con- tractor for the government after the Mexican war, putting up light houses, and while in Texas, engaged in that' business, died from yellow fever. He was unmarried. (3) Samuel married and located in Bart township, where he died, leaving a family. (4) William McClure died when a boy. (s) James, who is now living in Iowa, was a surveyor in Lan- caster county for a number of years, and was also engaged in the mercantile business there, later going into the West. He married Miss Joanna Wilkinson, of Lancaster county, by whom he had six children: Frank M., Charles, Aldus, William, Mary and Anna. (6) Francis McClure was a merchant at The Gap for many years, married Mary Hover, of Lancaster county, and now lives in Kansas City, Mo. They have a family of six children. Hover, John, Harry, Jasper, Anna and Lillie. (7) Joseph Mc- Clure married a Miss Martin, of Colerain, lives re- tired in Christiana, and has had children — Kelso, Eva, Annie, and Harriet, who is dead. (8) Thomas McClure married Margaret Sampson, and resides on his father's old home at Nine Points. They have had a family of six children, of whom William, the fifth is deceased ; Susan married Byron McElwain ; Jessie is the wife of Ben Roads; Nettie married Harry Hess ; die and Edward are single. (9) Christianna McClure, now the widow of Benjamin Baxter, lives in Georgetown. She has two children : John, who is on the home farm; and Susan, the wife of Amos Girvin. ( 10) Martha McClure is the widow of Josiah McElwain, and lives in York county, Pa. She has two daughters: Mary and Jessie (who married Ramsey Webb), both of York county. (11) Amanda McClure is the wife of John Crossin, of Chester county, and the mother of four children : Mary, who married Samuel Espenshade ; Lillie, who married Wilson Hudson, of Chester ■county; Frank, who died when a boy; Elmer, at home. (12) Jane McClure is the wife of John Key- lor, of near Mechanics Grove. They have three children : Dr. Walter, a practicing physician .at Me- chanics Grove ; William : and Lillie. All the above children of John McClure were born in Bart town- ship. David McClure was reared in Bart township, and given such educational advantages as the public schools of his youth afforded. He was married to Miss Jane McClure, a native of Bart township, and a daughter of Thomas and Jane (Murdaugh) McClure. prominent residents of Chester county. After their marriage the young couple settled in Bart township on their own farm, where Mr. Mc- Clure was engaged in agriculture many years. He bought the Joshua Gilbert farm in 1864, half a mile from his old place, near the Presbyterian Church. Here Mr. McClure still resides, and though eighty- two years of age manages his own business affairs and bears himself like a much younger man. Mrs. McClure died in 1896. They had a family of six chil- dren, (i) William married Miss Susan Lefever, a daughter of Henry Lefever, of Paradise, and lives on one of his father's farms in Bart township; they have had three children: Harry, Mary Agnes and Lillie. The latter, who is deceased, graduated from the Millersville State Normal, and was a finished scholar, and became a capable teacher. She was en- gaged in that work at the time of her death, in Octo- ber, 1899. Harry McClure is an employe of the Pennsylvania Railroad, and has his headquarters in Philadelphia. His wife died in that city, leaving no family. (2) Agnes McClure is unmarried and lives at home. (3) Maggie McClure married Robert Ray, of Bart township, and is deceased. (4) Thomas Mc- Clure died when a young man, after some years of business experience, in which he was very successful. (5) Mary A. McClure was educated in the home schools, and at the present time has the management of the home. She is a lady of marked excellency of character. (6) Susan A. McClure is also at home. All these chikfren were born in Bart township. David McClure has been a member of the United Presbyterian Church for over sixty years and is an elder. With this church his family, too, are con- nected, his son William being also an elder of the church. In politics Mr. McClure is a Prohibitionist, though for years he was a Democrat. The McClure family stands high in the history BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 299 of Lancaster county. Its annals date from before the Revolution, and its various representatives have been honorable and industrious people, and their elegant homes, fine farms and prosperous families are monuments alike to their industry and integrity. David McClure still manages his farm, looks after his large estates with care, and knows every detail of his business. The McClures were among the founders of the First United Presbyterian Church, of Octoraro, and for over a hundred years have been among its most zealous supporters. COL. JAMES DUFFY was for many years one of the prominent residents of Marietta, Lancaster county, but his reputation was not by any means con- fined to that locality. He was active in many lines before connecting himself with the Hollow Ware & Enameling Company, with which he was identified from 1877 to the close of his long and active life. Col. Duffy was a grandson of James Duffy, a native of Newtowncunningham, County Donegal, Ireland. He was a leather dresser by trade. He married Ann Bradley, and their son, James, the father of our subject, was also born in Newtown- cunningham. The latter came to America in 1800, locating first in Lancaster, and later in Marietta, in the organization of which borough he took an active part. Prior to the war of 1812, he, in company with James Mahaffy and John Pedan, bought of Mrs. Frances Evans 164 acres of land, paying therefor the sum of $35,000. This was a large transaction for, that day, and required business courage of a high order. On this land they laid out and platted the Mahaffy, Pedan and Duffy additions to the borough, and started what is now an important part of Mari- etta. Mr. Duffy was engaged in many other under- takings which proved of great benefit to the com- munity and county, and, being a man of good busi- ness ability, he carried on the contracting business on a large scale and made money. He constructed the Marietta & Lancaster turnpike, the turnpike from Elizabethtown to the Susquehanna river, and the road from Carlisle to Baltimore, through York Springs and Gettysburg. In politics he was a Dem- ocrat, and he was nattirally a man of influence in his community and party, being an educated man, as well as an able one. He had a fine library, and from it gleaned a store of knowledge rare among the men of his period and locality. Previous to his leaving the land of his birth he was a member of the Farmers' Light Horse Cavalry of Ireland. He passed away in 1836, at the age of sixty-five years. His wife, who died in 1820, was Catherine Sheriden, who, like himself, was born in County Donegal. To them were born ten children. Col. James Duffy was born in Marietta, Sept. 16, 1818, and as soon as old enough engaged in rafting on the Susquehanna river, rising in time to the then important position of pilot. He followed this re- sponsible work until 1846, and the following year took a trip to Europe. In 1848 the Colonel estab- lished a line of boats for transporting coal from Pottsville to New York, in the interests of the Schuylkill Navigation Company. He was also con- nected with J-ames Mahaffy in the lumber business, and remained therein until 1865. In 1861 he had begun the transporting of supplies for the general government to forts in New Mexico and the West, among other- places to Salt Lake City. The magni- tude of these contracts may be estimated from the fact that millions of dollars were employed, and more than thirty thousand oxen were used. After seven years spent in this line. Col. Duffy retired from busi- ness of a public nature, and from that time on devoted himself to his large landed interests, soon winning the reputation of being the largest tobacco grower in Pennsylvania. In 1877 he became interested in the Marietta Hollow Ware & Enameling Company, in which he controlled one-half the stock. He was one of the directors of the Bald Eagle Valley Rail- way Company, and was active in the support of manv other enterprises. Although he was a Dem- ocrat in politics, he was appointed, during a Repub- lican administration, in 1875, a Fish Commissioner for Pennsylvania, and filled the position to the sat- isfaction of all. The Colonel's public life gained for him a wide acquaintance among the most noted men of his day. He was a personal and warm friend of Gen. U. S. Grant, Joseph Blackburn, United States Senator from Kentucky, Samuel J. Randall and others, and these gentlemen were often enter- tained by the Colonel and Mrs. Duffy at their ele- gant and hospitable home in Marietta. On the first day of November, 1888, having reached the age al- lowed to man, honored and respected by his fellow citizens of Pennsylvania and a host of friends outside of his native State, the Colonel answered the last roll call and was laid to rest. Col. James Duffy was married Sept. 8, 1863, to Martha, daughter of John Park, of Marietta, and to them were born the following named children: Josephine, who is now deceased; Catherine, de- ceased; James; Donald Cameron; Thomas Bayard, deceased ; John Park, deceased ; Martha Park ; John Park (2), also deceased; and one who died in in- fancy. WILLIAM PENN PUSEY, a retired farmer of East Drumore, was born at Chestnut Level, April 8, 1827, and is one of the prominent and successful farmers of Lancaster county. His parents were Mahlon and Lydia (Housekeeper) Pusey, both of whom were born in Lancaster county. Mr. Pusey, the father of William Penn, was the son of Samuel and Mary (Kinsey) Pusey and was born in 1773. His parents were both of English birth. Samuel Pusey was the son of Joshua Pusey, who came with William Penn from England. Samuel Pusey, the son of the foregoing Joshua, and the grandfather of William Penn, settled in what is now known as Puseyville, where he pur- chased 200 acres of wild land, and at the time of 300 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY his death he owned a saw and grist mill which he had built. He was the father of a numerous family, there being eleven children in all. (i) John was a :nerchant for many years at Chestnut Level, and his son, Cyrus, is still living, in Kansas. (2) Mahlon. (3) Joshua settled at Puseyville, where he was a miller for many years ; his death occurred at New London, Chester county. Two of his .children are still living : Samuel, of Washington, D. C. ; and John R., also of the Capital City. The mother of these children was born Mary A. Montgomery, of Chester county. (4) Samuel married Hannah Montgomery, and settled near Puseyville, where he followed the carpenter trade during his life. His ■children were: Joshua, of Philadelphia; James, of the same city: Charles, of Long Island; Amanda, the widow of Handford Brucher, of Christiana ; and Jane, the wife of Daniel Eckman, who lives with the subject of this sketch. (5) Anna, born at Pusey- ville, married James Brown, and died, leaving -one daughter, Mary. (6) Maria, born at Pusey- ville, married Lewis Bailey, and is deceased. She was the mother of Gibbons and Susan. (7) Susan -married Robert Good, of Chester county, and has :since died. (8) Hannah married Thomas Patter- :son, of Britain township, and died leaving one daugh- ter, Malvina, the wife of Fred Fairbank, of Media, Pa. (9) Letitia, born at Puseyville, married Eli EUicott, of Philadelphia, and is now dead, leaving three daughters, Emma, Ada and Anna. ( 10) Jane Pusey died unmarried at the home of her parents. (11) Eliza, the wife of Jacob Eckman, settled in Bart township, where she died, leaving six children, Thomas, Samuel-, Daniel, John, Joanna and Mary. Mahlon Pusey, the father of William Penn, grew lo manhood in the old home, and when a young man hecame engaged in the mercantile trade, which was Tiis life business with the exception of a short time spent in keeping hotel, about the time of his mar- riage. Mahlon Pnsey married Lydia Housekeeper, who died in 1837, leaving a family of five children, (i) Elizabeth, born in Chestnut Level, married F. Mc- Sparran, of Fairfield, Lancaster county, and was the mother of: Emma, the wife of David Wideley, of Fairfield; James; Eleanor, the wife of Dr. Yell, of Britain ; Ida, the wife of William Hastings ; Will- iam ; Marian : Isabella ; Edgar ; and Cheney. Mrs. McSparran is dead. (2) Thomas, born at Pusey- ville, when a young man went to Pikes Peak in 1859, in company with his brother, William Penn. They remained in the gold fields of the mountains until 1867, when they returned to Pennsylvania. He purchased the Puseyville estate, and made it his home until his death in 1900, having lived un- married. (3) William Penn, whose name appears above, f'4) I.ydia A., born at Puseyville, married Thomas McSparran, of York, where she died, leav- ing several children, three of whom are living. Eleanor, Harriet and Marcia. (5) Cheney was born at Puseyville and was engaged as a merchant at Liberty .Square, where he died a single man. Mahlon Pusey married for his second wife, Ann Dare, and by this marriage was born a large family : Rebecca, the wife of Hugh Long, of Mechanics Grove; George, of Oxford; Emma; Adda; Sallie, the wife of Leonard Hutton, of New Jersey; Han- nah, the wife of Joseph Penney, a farmer of Coler- ain township: Rose, the wife of Frank Herr. Mr. Pusey died in 1874. The Puseys are an old and prominent pioneer family and took a leading part in the affairs of the county. William Penn Pusey was the third child of the first marriage of his father, and received his educa- tion at the home school and in Philadelphia. In 1859 he went to Pikes Peak, Colorado, in company with his brother, making the journey across the plains by ox teams. They remained in the moun- tains until they had accumulated a fair amount, of money, and then came back to their native town. For nineteen years he was a clerk in the store of his brother at Puseyville. In 1893 he bought the Moore farm property. Since buying this farm he has made general improvements and brought it up to a high level of cultivation. Mr. Pusey has lived mostly retired since going on the farm. He has never married. In politics, like his father, he holds to the old Democratic party. He is the last survivor of his old family name in this community, and is a man respected for his many good qualities. He abounds with interesting reminiscences of his moun- tain trips. THOMAS CULLY. One of the old and respected families of Lancaster county is that of Cully, the farm now occupied by Thomas Cully hav- ing been purchased by his grandfather, also Thomas Cully, more than a century and a half ago. His family was a numerous one, its members scattering through the West where many of them founded families. George Cully, a son of Thomas, the first settler of the family in Lancaster county, was born in Martic township in 1793, and died in 1871. About 1825 he was united in marriage to Mary Boyd, who was bom in 1803, and died Jan 5, 1833, having been the mother of four children: Thomas; William, who was born in 1830 and died in 1873, and two others who died in childhood. In politics George Cully was identified with the Democratic party; during his life he became possessed of a large acre- age of land. Thomas Cully was born Feb. 3, 1827, on the fine farm where he is now living a life of ease and re- tirement from activity. His life has been entirely an agricultural one and during an industrious ca- reer he has gained a strong position by the ability with which he has conducted his affairs, continually having made progress in the accumulation of the fruits of his vocation, being now one of the most BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 301 substantial citizens of the township. His fine farm of 240 acres shows the careful cultivation and valu- able improvements of an owner who has taken a just pride in his work. Thomas Cully was married to Mary A. Harner, April 26, 1855. She was a daughter of Joseph and Mary (Slingluff) Harner, who came to Martic township from Montgomery county. Pa., and had a family consisting of these children: John S., a retired farmer of Martic township; Samuel, also retired ; George, deceased ; Elizabeth, deceased, who married J. Harrison Long, of Drumore township; Joseph, also a retired farmer of Martic township; Jesse, a retired farmer of Drumore township; and Mary A., the second in order of birth, the wife of Thomas Cully. Mr. Cully upholds the principles of the Demo- cratic party, actively supporting its men and meas- ures. Mrs. Cully is one of the consistent and beloved members of the Presbyterian Church, and a model of Christian virtues. In every relation of life, Mr. Cully comes up to the standard of good citizenship, and in no part of the township can be found a more honest or upright man, nor one who numbers a larger number of sincere friends. _ FRANKLIN P. D. MILLER. The name was ©riginally Druckenmiller. It was under that name that the ancestors about 1717 emigrated from Ger- many and settled in Manheim, Lancaster county. They were prominent members of the Lutheran Church, to which faith the descendants have clung. Franklin P. D. Miller is a prominent merchant at Columbia. His education and training have been in the practical school of commerce, of which he is an honored and influential representative. Henry D. Miller, father of Franklin, was born at Manheim in 1824, the son of George D. Miller. Henry D. followed successfully at Manheim the vocation of tailor and painter, a highly respected citizen, who filled many of the borough offices. He married Sarah Ann Tomes, a native of Wrights- ville, York county, and to them were born eight chil- dren, namely : Franklin P. D. ; Margaret L., wife of Eli F. Groach, a general merchant of Milton Grove, Pa. ; Mary E., wife of Jeremiah Kauffmann, keeper of a restaurant at Baltimore, Md. ; John H., who died aged two years ; George W. D., a salesman for his brother, Franklin P. D. ; Alice, who died at Manheim in September, 1883 ; Sarah Ann, who died aged six years ; and Samuel M., a clerk at Lebanon, Pa. Henry D., the father, died in February, 1886, aged sixty-two years. The mother survives and is a resident of Manheim. Franklin P. D. Miller, the eldest member of the family, was born at Manheim, Sept. 29, 1853. He remained at home until the age of fourteen, attend- ing the Manheim schools, then in 1867 entered the store of Tshudy & Huebner, at Lititz, remaining with them and their successors, Tshudy & Bricker, four years. He accepted a position with Lindemuth & Bro., general merchants at Marietta, remaining three years. Mr. Miller then went to Columbia and for nine and a half years clerked for G. W. & B. F. Halderman, dry goods and carpets. He had passed his thirtieth year and gained an extensive knowledge of mercantile pursuits. Believing in his. abilities to conduct a successful business and finding a clerkship unsuited to his ambitions, he opened at Columbia a stock of groceries and thus began a mercantile career which has since grown steadily. Mr. Miller is one of the most prominent merchants of Columbia and also one of its most enterprising and public-spirited citizens. In June, 1877, at Bainbridge, Lancaster county,, he married Mary E. Sides, a native of that borough,, daughter of Peter Sides, an esteemed retired shoe-- maker of Bainbridge. To Mr. and Mrs. Miller have been born three children : William McA. ; Caroline S., .wife of E. Ray Shelby, a cigar manufacturer of Harrisburg, Pa. ; and Frank Armor, at home. Mr. Miller is president of the Vigilant Fire Com- pany, and secretary of the Laurel Hill cemetery. He has been notary public for the past ten years and has served three terms as school director in Columbia^ In politics he is a Democrat and in religious faith a member of St. John's Evangelical Church. As a. member of the Masonic Lodge and Chapter, the I. O. O. F., K. of M. C. and K. of P., he is promi- nently identified with the fraternal orders of Colum-. bia. Pie possesses a fine library and is well informed upon all the leading questions of the day. ALDUS AUMENT, a farmer of East Drumore- township, Lancaster county, was born in the town- ship where he is living at the present time, Oct. 7,. 1844, his parents being Jacob and Sarah (Cunning- ham) Aument. Jacob Aument was born in Lampeter township in 1819, and his wife in 1821. He was the son of" George Aument, who was of colonial associations. They were at first residents of Lampeter township, where Jacob Aument was reared. George Aument- moved to East Drumore township, where he and his wife died in the home of his son, George. They left- two sons and two daughters, (i) Jacob was the- father of Aldus. (2) George, who married and settled in East Drumore township, died some years, ago, leaving a family. Henry Aument of Quarry- ville, is one of his sons. (3) Elizabeth married James McCall, and both are dead. Their children, of whom the survivors still reside in Maryland, were as follows: Anderson; Mary, late wife of William Brickey; Eliza, who married Theodore Brickley (deceased) ; Sarah, who married Frank Lacklin; Jane, who married and settled in Mary- land; Beulah, unmarried, living with her brother, Anderson ; and Clara, who married a Mr. Jackson. (4) Catherine married Samuel Kendig, lived for a time in Eden township, and then moved into East Drumore township, where Mr. Kendig was a farmer and miller as long as he lived. They left 302 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ! four children: Eliza, of Lancaster; George, of Philadelphia; Samuel, of Illinois, and Scott, of Lan- caster. Jacob Aument was reared to manhood in Lam- peter township, where he received his education in the local schools. Miss Sarah Cunningham, who became his wife, was born in Lampeter township. For a few years Mr. Aument worked at his trade of wagon-making in Lampeter township, then moved to East Drumore township, near the Quarryville cemetery, where his nephew, John Aument, lives and there worked at his trade while his family were maturing. In 1846 he bought a farm of 180 acres of wild land which he converted into the fertile and highly cultivated farm now the home of his son, Aldus. The land was cleared by him, a pleasant home erected, and a bank barn, 40x80 feet put up. There Mr. and Mrs. Aument lived all their days. They were active and devoted members of the Ger- man Reformed Church, and he was one of the founders of the Stone Church at Quarryville. In politics he was a Whig and later became a Repub- lican. Mr. and Mrs. Aument were the parents of nine children, (i) George married Miss Sarah Swine- heart, of Quarryville, and after living for a time at his father's home, bought a farm adjoining, on which they spent some years, when they moved to Quarry- ville, where he died, leaving a widow and two children: Letitia, who married George England; and Maria, who married Stephen Clemmings, both widows. (2) Catherine, born in Lampeter township, married Jacob Barr (deceased), and is the mother of the following children: Emma, who married John Robinson, of Limeville; Henrietta, who mar- ried Harry Shrimp, of Glen, Chester county; Mil- lard : John ; DoUie, who married O. M. Sowders, of Strasburg township ; and Sue, who married Daniel Dooner. (3) Sarah married Hoover Hilterbrand, of Iowa, deceased, and is the mother of the follow- ing: Elias, Ernest and Mary. (4) Elias mar- ried Miss Maggie Wentz, and was engaged in the mercantile trade at Drumore Center for some years; after several trials of store life in various places, he bought a farm adjoining his brother Aldus, where he died, leaving a widow and four chil- dren: Stella, who married Benjamin Fritz, of Quarryville ; William, who married Sallie Kun ; Ir- win, who married and settled in West Drumore township ; and Clifford, who is a merchant in Fair- field, Lancaster county, (s) Jacob was killed by the kick of a horse when he was- twenty-one years of age. (6) Elam, born in East Drumore township, married Agnes Keen, of Eden township, and re- sides in Lancaster, where he is retired. They have had the following children : Jacob, Ella, Katie (de- ceased), Sallie, Charles, Edward and Daniel. (7) Mary died in young womanhood. (8) Harvey mar- ried Miss Sue Ferguson, and moved to Topeka, Kan., where he was engaged in farming at the time of his death in 1895 ; he left a widow and five daugh- ters, who still reside in that distant city, Ada, Mag- gie, Emma, Alma and May. (9) Aldus. Aldus Aument received his education in the local schools and before attaining his majority be- came a member of Co. D, ipsth P. V. I., which was a part of the Army of the Potomac. This regiment was held after the surrender of Gen. Lee, and was detailed to guard government property, so that it was not until March, 1866, that Mr. Aument was mustered out. For three years after his return to civil life, Aldus Aument was a clerk in his brother's store. At that time he was called back to the old home to take charge of it and care for his parents until their death. Mr. Aument was married in 1871 to Miss M. J. Penny, a daughter of Hugh and Sarah (Wentz) Penny. Mrs. Aument was born in West Drumore township in October, 1844, where she received her education in the common schools. They settled on the old homestead, and have greatly improved it in the way of new buildings and a more thorough and modern tillage. They are the parents of a son and daughter: Bertie, who was born in 1877, was edu- cated in the Level High School, in 1900 married Walter Boyd, and lives in Philadelphia, where he is in business; Lawrence, born in 1881, is a student of the Wade' Business College of Lancaster. Mr. Aument is a Republican and has been col- lector of taxes and assessor of. East Drumore town- ship for five years ; for twelve years he has been a school director. He belongs to Bireley Post, No. 511, G. A. R., at Quarryville. Mr. Aument and his wife belong to the Quarryville Reformed Church. AMOS KESSLER. The village of Cambridge, in Salisbury township, Lancaster county. Pa., has within its limits a general blacksmith, coachmaker and all round worker in iron and wood, combined in one person, and in this respect its inhabitants are more fortunate than those of most villages of its size in the State. This gentleman is Amos Kessler, who was born in East Lampeter township, in the same county, Aug. 15, 1854. His parents, David and Mary (Myers) Kessler, were born in East Lampeter township and in Berks county, respec- tively, but the father, who was a wheelwright by trade, carried on his business for a long time at Soudersburg, whence, owing to ill-health, he re- tired to Kinzers, this county, where his death oc- curred in March, 1893, at the age of seventy-two years. His widow, who was bom in 1820, now re- sides in Brownstown, Lancaster county, and is a faithful member of the Presbyterian Church in the faith of which her husband passed away. David and Mary (Myers) Kessler had bom to their marriage eight children in the following order : Elizabeth, who is the wife of Henry Gault, of Cambridge; Amos; John, a blacksmith at Kinzers, Paradise township ; Harry, who died at the age of nineteen ; Mary, wife of William Witmer, a farmer BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 303 in Salisbury township ; Ida, deceased wife of Jacob Fisherman ; Susan, who died at the age of twenty- two years, and Sarah, who died in infancy. The paternal grandfather of Amos Kessler, Leonard Kessler, was also a native of Lancaster county, and was a wheelwright, first at Intercourse and next at Soudersburg, at which place his death occurred. At the age of eighteen years, Amos Kessler left his parents and went to serve an apprenticeship of three years at the blacksmith's trade with Joseph Cashner at Smoketown, and then, having served out his term, went to work as a journeyman for one month at Green Tree; then for several months he ViTorked at Colter's Corners; next located in Good- ville,_ where he continued to work as a journeyman for eight months, and then came to Cambridge and began business on his own account in 1876. There he has met with complete success and draws to his shop patronage from a radius of miles about him, his work being of the most finished kind and unsur- passed in that respect by any turned out from the large cities. In January, 1878, Amos Kessler was united in marriage in Cambridge, with Miss Abigail Otten- fcirk, the amiable and accomplished daughter of James and Elizabeth (Lawrence) Ottenkirk, of Chester county, near Honeybrook, in which county she had her nativity. James Ottenkirk was a well- to-do and prominent farmer, was born in 1800 and died in April, 1870; he had lost his wife, in 1848. Their remains were interred side by side in Honey- brook Presbyterian churchyard. They were faith- ful Presbyterians in their religious faith, in which they reared their six children, who were born in the following order: Mary A., who is the widow of James Givens and resides in Chester county. Pa.; David, a farmer in the same county; Elizabeth P., wife of Lemuel Pearl, also a farmer in Chester county; Martha, who makes her home with Amos, her brother; Reece, who died at the age of sixty- two years ; and Abigail, wife of Mr. Kessler. The union of Amos and Abigail (Ottenkirk) Kessler has been blessed with two sons, Harry D. and Will- iam, now highly educated and intelligent young men who still make their home under the parental roof. Mr. and Mrs. Kessler are members of the Pres- byterian Church and in politics Mr. Kessler is a Republican. He is recognized as one of the best mechanics in the county, is strictly honest in all his transactions, and enjoys the esteem of a wide circle of warm-hearted friends. D. E. HELM, a successful and public-spirited merchant at Mechanics Grove, East Drumore town- ship, Lancaster county, was born in Strasburg town- ship, Dec. 12, 1850, and is a son of Daniel and Susan (Eckman) Helm, both of whom were born in Strasburg township. Daniel Helm was born Nov. 10, i8to, and is still living. Mrs. Helm was a daugh- ter of Joseph Eckman, of Providence, and was born in 1827. Daniel Helm was born in Strasburg township, where he spent sixty-eight years of his life. In 1888 he moved to New Providence, where his wife died two years later, and where he is living retired. They both belonged to the Reformed Church, of which he has been for many years an elder. In his political relations he was a Whig, and in later years a Repub- lican. For over fifty years he served as assessor, school director, collector, supervisor, and in other township offices. Mr. Helm has had two wives, the first being Anna Hoak, of Strasburg township. To this union were born four children: J. Harry, in business in Cedar Rapids, Iowa ; Frank W., in business at New Providence, where he is a merchant and the presi- dent of the Quarryville Bank ; Dr. A. H., a practic- ing physician. at New Providence; Mary A., living at home in New Providence. To Daniel Helm's second marriage were born seven children : D. E., whose name heads this arti- cle; Enos M., born in 1853, who is married and in business at New Cumberland, Cumberland Co., Pa. ; J. Calvin, born in 1855, who married Alice Penny, of Drumore township, and is a foreman in one of the steel plants at Steelton, Pa. ; Dr. Charles E., a resi- dent of Georgetown, who is married, and is engaged in his professional work; Elmer E., born in 1858, who has his home in Lancaster and is a traveling salesm^an ; Rev. Thaddeus G., born in i860, who is a professor in the Franklin and Marshall Academy, and has a wife and family ; Rufus D., born in 1863, who is unmarried and is a business man of Seattle, Washington. D. E. Helm received his education in the home schools, in 1868 became a clerk in the store of Free- land & Lytle, holding his position with them for three years and then moved to Quarryville, where he clerked some six years for George W. Henshel. After this for three years he was a partner with his brother, F. W. Helm, in a general store, for ten years at New Providence. They did business under the firm name of Helm Brothers. Before going to New Providence, D. E. Helm was postmaster at Quarryville. In 1888, D. E. Helm disposed of his interests at New Providence, and engaged in a gen- eral store at Mechanics Grove, which has largely developed in his hands, and in which he has contin- ued to the present time. Mr. Helm was married in May, 1882, to Miss Sallie W. Bower, a daughter of George and Anna Bower, both now deceased, who were classed among the very best people of their community in their life time. Mrs. Helm was born in Paradise township in 1850, was thoroughly educated in the schools of her community and county, and is a lady of many charms and graces. D. E. Helm bought ground in Mechanics Grove and has one of the fine homes in the village. He has also enlarged his store building and is one of the suc- cessful business men of that section of Lancaster county. To him and his wife have come a family of 304 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY six childrea : D. Bower, born in New Providence in 1883, a student in the Franklin and Marshall Acad- emy ; Agnes S., born in 1885, a student in the home school ; James C., born in Providence in 1887 ; Elmer L., born in 1889 ; Paul Victor, born in 1891 ; Willis, born in 1895. Mr. Helm has always been a Republican, and from time to time has been honored with offices of trust and responsibility. He was postmaster of Mechanics Grove from 1888 to 1894. That year he was elected justice of the peace, and he resigned the post office. Always an active and earnest business man, he stands high in the village, and commands a wide circle of friends through the vicinity, who are anxious to help him in every laudable way. Both he and his wife belong to the Reformed Church. ANDREW CHARLES. In a life that was pro- longed beyond the allotted period of existence, Mr. Charles won and retained the respect of acquaint- ances and associates. It was his privilege to wit- nes the development of our nation during the most eventful era of its history. His earlier recollections were associated with the country as an infant re- public, its possibilities unknown, its destiny unfore- seen. When he was an old man, and shut oif largely from intercourse with others through deafness and failing sight, he was wont to dwell upon events con- nected with the far-distant past, and used to tell his children how, as a boy, he had shaken hands with George Washington, who had told him to be "a good boy," and had hoped God's blessing would rest upon him. The life of Andrew Charles began in County Tyrone, Ireland, May 6, 1782, and closed in Stras- burg, Lancaster county, April 4, 1873, his body be- ing laid to rest in the Strasburg cemetery in the midst of surroundings so familiar to him. His pa- rents, William and Jane (Charles) Charles, were natives of Ireland, the former being a farmer all through his active life. In the family were the fol- lowing children, all now deceased : John ; Andrew ; Hannah ; Mrs. Charles Earlie, of Ireland ; Cath- erine, Mrs. Wilson, who died in Virginia ; and Mrs. Jane Hayes, of Pittsburg, Pa. While the family were Irish-born, they were of English extraction, and the genealogy is traced back to three brothers, of whom one left England for Ireland, another went to Scotland, and the third settled in Germany. Accompanied by a brother and two sisters, An- drew Charles came to the United States in 1794 and settled in Philadelphia, where he soon began an ap- prenticeship to the cabinet-maker's trade. Owing to an epidemic of yellow fever when he was twenty- one years of age, he left his home city and afterward made his home in Lancaster for a time, thence go- ing to Lititz, where he followed his trade a few years. A later location was at Strasburg, where he not only followed his trade but also built up an im- portant business in the sale of furniture and under- taker's supplies. For forty years he suffered the in- convenience of deafness, but prosecuted his work with diligence, notwithstanding this affliction. How- ever, when finally blindness came to him five years prior to his death, he relinquished his connection with business. During his younger years he was an active citizen, an enthusiastic worker in the Demo- cratic party, and for many times served both as bur- gess and as a member of the borough council. In religion he adhered to the Episcopal doctrines, and fraternally was connected with the Masons. Before the days of railroads, Mr. Charles rode on horseback to Lancaster to be married, and there the ceremony was performed which united him with Margaret Ferguson. They became the parents of the following-named children: Robert F., de- ceased; Jane A., Mrs. Henry Hunter, deceased; Harriet, who was born in Strasburg, Aug. 18, 1813, and now makes her home in Lancaster; William, who died while in the army ; John, who died in in- fancy ; Amanda, Mrs. Charles Mellinger, of Col- umbia, Pa. ; Margaret, who was born June 15, 1823, in Strasburg, and now resides with her sister Har- riet in Lancaster; John A., who married Anna E. Bart, and is now deceased; and Adeline, who died in girlhood. In 1847 Miss Harriet Charles opened a millinery store in Strasburg, and this she conducted until 1882, when she and her sister removed to Co- lumbia to make their home with a married sister, but after seventeen months they removed to their present home in Lancaster. Although her father ac- cumulated little, Miss Charles was enabled to sur- round his old age with the comforts of life as a re- sult of her own industrious effoirts, and at the same time she accumulated sufficient to provide for her- self and sister so that now, in their advancing years, they are comfortably and pleasantly situated. Their friends are many in the county where they have always lived, JOHN Q. DENNEY. It is a firmly established fact that the great majority of men who have been successful as manufacturers, and whose energy and skill have hurried our nation to the front as a pro- ducing people, have started at the bottom, round of the ladder. Such a one is John Q. Denney, bom in Chester county. Pa., Sept. 10, 1832. His father, Samuel Denney, was born in England, and after his marriage to Edith Dubree, also a native of that coun- try, settled in Chester county, Pa., on a small farm, to the cultivation of which he gave his time when not following his trade, that of skilled mechanic. He had never served an apprenticeship, yet so skillful was he in the use of tools that he could make or repair with accuracy any kind of machinery used in the mills and furnaces of half a century ago. His ability received more than local recognition, and he was relied upon to repair breaks in machinery, and correct errors of construction or mounting, in the mills and furnaces for many miles around his home. After his removal from the paternal roof-tree Mr. Denney spent the remainder of his life on the farm and that adjoining it, upon which he settled in the Al|^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 305 early days, and there his death occurred in 1869. His wife died in February, 1848. John Q. Denney remained with his father until he was twenty years old, acquiring such education as could be obtained in the country schools. In the meantime, his inherited mechanical skill had already developed into practical utility, and he was employed by Joshua Pusey to do the iron work in the refitting of his flouring-mill. In so masterly a manner 'was this task accomplished that Mr. Pusey brought his promising workman to Columbia, where during the winter of 1852 he invested the disabled machinery of another Pusey mill with a new lease of life. The mill completed, the tools, consisting of a lathe, side- rest, chisels and hammers, were remoVed by Mr. Pusey's son, Israel, to the Hughey & Bachman planing-mill, in which the son had an interest, and where Mr. Denney worked until 1853. His re- sponsibility included not only keeping in repair the planing-mill, but the general repair work of the blast furnaces in and around Columbia. In the spring of 1854 the firm of Smith, Rich- ards & Co. was organized, to build the Shawnee rolling mill, now known as the Columbia rolling mill, for the manufacture of bar iron, and Mr. Denney was induced to accept the position of master me- chanic or superintendent of construction. The mill was completed, and began operations in the early summer of 1855, and in the latter part of 1856 changed its output from bar iron to iron rails, sup- plying principally the Pennsylvania and Northern Central railroads. The panic of 1857, which brought ruin and failure to this company, as it did to so many others throughout the country, resulted in Mr. Den- ney's loss of position, but with characteristic courage and resource he was not long in bringing out of chaos a practical plan of action. From Samuel Trescott and George Woolf he rented a machine shop at "the Basin," and there carried on a general business, doing work for the mills and furnaces in and around Columbia. The destruction of the shop by fire in 1862 again made a change necessary, and in the crisis Mr. Denney became superintendent of the Maltby & Case rolling-mills, a position he held until the spring of 1863. During that year he entered into partnership with Col. Henry McCormick and John Haldeman, and undertook the full management of the Henry Clay furnace, near Columbia, Pa., which was located between the Tunnel and Chickies. So thoroughly satisfactory was his assumption of this responsibility tliat at the end of the first six months the profits had increased to astonishing proportions. Mr. Denney remained in control of the furnace from Oct. I, 1863, until 1869, and then turned over the management to J. G. Hess, who had been taken into partnership, he himself having entered into an agree- ment with James McCormick, of Harrisburg, to manage the Paxton furnace, and to build the Paxton rolling-mills, for the manufacture of boiler and other plate iron. In 1872 he built for the same parties Paxton furnace No. 2, which he operated for many 20 years, and in 1891-92 built Paxton mill No. 2, intro- ducing therein all improvements known at that time. As superintendent of these mills Mr. Denney carried on the work successfully, and to the profit of all con- cerned. In the meantime he had become identified with various other enterprises, one of which was the York rolling-mills, in which he was a third owner with J. W. Stacey and Michael Schall. After a number of years of successful operation this concern acquired the Aurora furnace, which was recon- structed, and operated in conjunction with the York rolling-mills in manufacturing pig iron for the use of their own mills. A company had also been formed consisting of Mr. Denney, J. W. Stacey, Michael Schall and John Keller, which purchased and re- constructed for the manufacture of skelp-iron the Shawnee mills, at Columbia, Pa., and operated the same under the corporate name of the Columbia Roll- ing Mills Company. As president of the company Mr. Denney upheld his former enviable reputa- tion as a manager, and so profitable was the venture that after a few years the company purchased and reconstructed the Vestry furnace, at Watts Station, near Marietta, Pa., in which they manufactured pig iron to supply the Columbia rolling-mills. About this time a corporation known as the Schall, Stacey & Denney Company was formed, with a capital of $240,000, and with Mr. Denney as president. This concern purchased from the firm of Schall, Stacey & Denney the York rolling-mills and the Aurora furnace, both of which were operated for many years. After the death of Mr. Schall the name of the company was changed to the Stacey & Denney Company, and as such continued operations until 1898, when the company disposed of their aggregate properties, including the Columbia rolling-mills, to the Susquehanna Iron & Steel Company. Until 1901 Mr. Denney, who was a director and heavy stock- holder, assumed the management of the new com- pany after which he retired from active business, as compensation for a long and esteemed business career. Mr. Denney was one of the incorporators of the Columbia Trust Company, and is one of its directors, as well as one of its largest stockholders, and he is also a stockholder and director in the Norway Iron & Steel Company, of York, Pa. He was one of the first to advocate an electric street car service in Har- risburg, and he was for twelve years president and manager of the trolley system in the State capital. In the latter capacity he had full charge of the con- struction of the road of which his son, James M. Denney, was engineer. From the beginning Mr. Denney has been as- sociated with the political party which sprang into existence beneath the oaks at Jackson, Mich., but although an ardent Republican he has never had official aspirations. On Nov. 6, 1856, Mr. Denney married Rachel Mathiot, who was born in Columjjia, Pa., Nov. 19, 1837, daughter of Samuel and Sarah Mathiot, and 306 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY to that union have come the following children : " De- witt C, born Sept. 25, 1857; Edith, born Aug. 8, 1859 ; Cora, born Sept. 16, 1867 (died June 9, 1870) ; Franklin, born May i, 1862 (died Oct. 22, 1864) ; James M., born July 16, 1869; and Thomas, born Oct. I, 1872. WILLIAM McELWAIN (deceased), in his day a leading farmer of Colerain township, was born there April 2, 1821, son of John and Rebecca (Beyer) McElwain, both of whom were natives of Lancaster county. John McElwain was a son of Pat- rick and Mary (Campbell) McElwain, the former of whom was born in County Donegal, Ireland, Oc- tober 26, 1758, the latter in London. Patrick Mc- wain came to this country when twenty-one years of age. His wife came in childhood. He puchased land from Jacob Rohrer, in Bart township, where he lived and died, leaving the following children: Agnes ; William ; John ; Dorothy, wife of Henry Beyer; Mary, who married David Beyer; Jessie; James ; Josiah ; David, "and Martha. John McElwain, father of William, was a farmer in Colerain township, where he died. He was twice married, and by his first wife, Rebecca Beyer, had four children : Daniel, deceased, whose children re- side in the West ; William, mentioned below ; John S., a resident of York county; and Robert B., de- ceased, formerly a resident of Bart township, this county, and the father of two daughters — Cornelia, who married Elmer Lantz, of Chester county, and Sylvania, wife of Pharez Lantz, who lives on her fa- ther's homestead. John McElwain married, for his second wife, Eliza Kerr, by whom he had one daughter, Eliza, the wife of James Wise, of York county. William McElwain made his home on a place bought from William Eckert, in Colerain township, which he developed into a fine farm. He was wide- ly known in his section of the county, and enjoyed a creditable standing all his life. He married Mary Beyer, who was born in Bartville, April 5, 1832, daughter of David and Mary Beyer, and who died in 1890. Mr. McElwain lived with his daughters, Ella and Amanda, until his death, in 1895, and they were faithful and devoted, looking to his every need and comfort. During his lifetime Mr. McElwain ac- quired four valuable farms, on which his children are now located. Mr. McElwain and his wife belonged to the Presbyterian Church, with which the family has always been associated, and in which he served as elder many years, during the most trying period of its existence, and he was always found faithful in the discharge of his duties. His son, J. E., took up liis father's church work and office, when the latter gave them up. Mr. McElwain in political faith, was a stanch Republican from the formation of the party, an ardent supporter of the Union cause, and during the period of the Civil war, when so much uncertainty existed about the stability of the Union, he was one of the few who had the confidence to come to his country's aid with funds, investing largely, and urging his friends to do likewise. Mr. McElwain and Thomas Beyer were the only, sup- porters of Fremont in Colerain township in 1856. Our subject is remembered as a man of kind and tested character, and his place among the good men of his day is secure. Mr. and Mrs. McElwain were the parents of seveh children, (i) Martha A. McElwain was a student at the private school of Thomas Baker, and at Parkesburg Seminary, Tvhere all this family were educated; she married William J. Ingraham, and lives in Fulton township. They have seven chil- dren, William A., Mary M., wife of C. C. Aument, Nellie A., la L., Zaidee, Hattie M. and J. E. (2) M. Amanda McElwain, who taught school very successfully for two years, part of the time as instructor in mathematics under her old principal, J. Morgan Rawlins, at Parkesburg, makes her home with her sister Ella, on their farm in Colerain town- ship. (3) J. B.' McElwain married Miss Susan J., daughter of Thomas McClure, of Bart township, and has his home in lower Oxford, Chester county, where he is engaged in farming; he has two chil- dren, Roy E. and Mary I. (4) William E. McElwain married Elizabeth Heyberger, of Bart township, and has his home on the farm purchased by his father in East Drumore township. He has two children, Mary I. and W. G. H. (5) Josiah E. McElwain was born on the old homestead, where he still resides. He married Miss Sallie Cain, of Chester county, and they have one son, Madison E. Mr. McElwain graduated from the Millersville State Normal School, and was a teacher in Lancaster county for several years. (6) Ella R. McElwain received a good educa- tion in the home schools, but on account of poor health was denied the advantages of study else- where, which her brothers and sisters had enjoyed. She and her sister are known as women of superior character. They are deeply interested in Christian Endeavor work, and attended the conventions held at Boston (1895) ^^^ ^'^an Francisco (1897). (7) Clara L. McElwain died in childhood. GEORGE H. WITMER. Among the well- known and highly esteemed citizens of Providence township is George H. Witmer, now living retired in his pleasant home in New Providence, who was born eighty-three years ago, on Jan. 6, 1820, in West Lampeter township, son of Jacob and Sarah (Le- fever) Witmer. Great-grandfather Jacob Witmer came to Amer- ica from Switzerland and, as was the custom, worked for a man in Philadelphia until he had paid his pass- age money. He was the founder of the Witmer fam- ily in Pennsylvania. John Witmer was the grand- father of George H. and he had a family of children as follows: Jacob; Barbara, who married Jacob BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 307 Barge; Nancy, who married Christian Shaub, all of these having passed away long since. Jacob Wit- mer, tfie father of George H., was a farmer and married Sarah Lefever and they had a family of ten children, namely: (i) Hettie married Jacob Fritz and had six children ; (2) George H. married first Annie Paoler (by whom he had seven children) and second Martha Rhoads; (3) Susan married Jacob Herr and had fourteen children; (4) Sarah married first Abraham Groff and sec- ond Amos Herr; (5) Aaron, deceased, married Mary Ann Herr, who bore him six children; (6) Jacob, unmarried, -is at home; (7) Martin married first Elizabeth Huber, who had five children, and second Mary Mowre^, who had six children ; (8) John died at the age of two years ; (9) Annie died when only three years old, and (10) Neoma only lived four years. Both father and mother lived long and useful lives, the former, born in 1792, died in 1864, while the latter, born in 1798, survived until 1890. They belonged to_ the Old Men- nonite religion and were most honorable and re- spected people. George H. Witmer grew up on his father's farm and went to the old time school when his services were not required at home. He remained with his father until he was twenty-five years of age, and when he started to grapple with the world for him- self it was as a poor young man. However, he had energy and perseverance and as the years went by each one made him more independent until by the time age overtook him he was ready to retire from work and enjoy the fruits of his industry. Mr. Wit- mer owns a fine farm of ninety-six acres of excellent land, with fine improvements, and in addition to this, his residence property in New Providence. He has the satisfaction of knowing that he is re- garded with respect and esteem in his community and that each neighbor is a friend as well. Mr. Wit- mer enjoys fine health both in body and mind and takes a deep interest in all current events. In politics he is a Republican. For fifty years he has been a member of the Mennonite Church and his life has reflected the kind and charitable teachings of this religious body. In 1844 Mr. Witmer was married (first) to Miss Annie Paoler, daughter of John Paoler, of Prov- idence township, who died July 19, 1866. She bore him seven children, namely : Sarah, born Nov. 29, 1847, married Abraham Root, of East Hemp- field, bearing him four children; Susan, born April 21, 1850, married' Amos Brenneman, of Stras- burg township. They have five children; Emma, born April 7, 1852, married Elam Hoover, of West Lampeter township. They too had five children; Elizabeth, born June 24, 1854, at home; Leah, born Nov. II, 1856, married B. Frank Baldwin, of Stras- burg township. Their children number six; Jacob Elmer, born Feb. 3, 1864, married Lizzie Herr and died March 25, 1901, leaving a family of four chil- dren; John died at the age of four years. Mr. Witmer married (second) Miss Martha Rhoads, of Providence township, April 3, 1873, daughter of John and Susan (Miller) Rhoads, of Strasburg township, no children being born td this marriage. Until 1890 Mr. Witmer and wife resided on the old farm, but at that time they retired to their pleas- ant home in New Providence, where they are held in high esteem and where they have many warm, personal friends. SAMUEL M. WETZEL, a retired cabinet- maker and farmer of Lancaster, now resid- ing at a pleasant home at No. 536 East King street, was born on the square adjoining his present resi- dence, March 15, 1829, a son of John C. and Cath- erine (Zeahmer) Wetzel, the father being a native of Germany, and the mother of Lancaster, Penn- sylvania. John C. Wetzel came to this country with his mother and a,brother and sister in 1803. For a few years, he resided in Lancaster, whence he went to Reading, Pa., with Dr. Otto ; there he remained for several years, but returned to Lancaster, and learned the trade of a shoemaker. Here he married, fol- lowed his trade in the winter and during the summer worked on his farm of seventeen acres, which is now occupied by the city of Lancaster. The farm ex- tended on East King street, the lower part of Mar- shall, Franklin and Chester streets running through ithe same, and it reached Ann street by point. In 1857 the father died, aged sixty-six years, and his wife died March 18, 1876, aged seventy-eight years. Both are buried in Lancaster cemetery. They were members of the German Reformed Church. For many years he was a member of the city council. The children born to this union were : Mary A., de- ceased, married William T. Baumberger ; Catherine A., deceased, married Ezra Montgomery; John H., of Lancaster; Jacob, died in childhood; Charles, died in infancy ; Samuel M. ; Elizabeth, deceased, married Frederick Beates; Edward, deceased, mar- ried Mary Dreppard; William T., deceased, mar- ried Mary A. Lechler. The great-grandfather on the mother's side was Anthony Zeahmer, who died in Lancaster. The grandparents on the maternal side were Henry and Anna (Shreiner) Zeahmer, and the grandfather was a distiller of Lancaster. Until he was eighteen years of age, Samuel M. Wetzel worked at home, attending school as the op- portunity offered, but at that time he began to learn the trade of cabinetmaker, which calling he followed with marked success the remainder of his life. At first, he pursued it in Lancaster, but later removed to Clearfield Co., Pa., where he remained six years, when he was called home by the illness of his father. Without considering his own affairs, this good son hastened to his parents, assumed the duties of the farm and tenderly cared for them until their death. For some years, he continued to farm the homestead, but is now retired from active life. Mr. Wetzel is a member of the Red Men and the K. of P. In poli- 308 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY tics, he is a staunch Republican and takes a deep and abiding interest in all measures calculated to ad- vance the welfare of the community. Although ad- vanced in years, Mr. Wetzel is very active for his age and takes pride in his good health and unim- paired faculties. He has never married, but his fire- side is not lonely for he has made so many friends in the neighborhood that he is accounted one of the most popular residents of this locality, while all rec- ognize his sterling traits of character and unim- peachable honesty of purpose. JOSEPH COAXES WALKER, president of the Gap National Bank, senior member of the well- known firm of Joseph C. Walker & Son, is not only one of the most substantial and reliable business men of southern Lancaster county, but is a leading citi- zen of Gap, his home, which through many years has benefited by his public spirit and liberal generosity. Mr. Walker was born in Sadsbury township, Lancaster county, April 4, 1832, son of Asahel and Sarah T. (Coates) Walker, the former of whom was a native of Sadsbury township, and the latter of Cain township, Chester county. Asahel Walker was a man of substance and prominence, was an exten- sive farmer, owning some 300 acres of valuable land, and efficiently filled many offices of trust and responsibility in his locality, for many years serving as a justice of the peace. He was known in his vicinity for his conscientious opposition to the Ma- sonic fraternity. He belonged to the Society of Friends, and was laid to rest in the shadow of the old meeting-house in Sadsbury township, his death occurring in December, 1856, when he was aged sixty-eight years. His widow, who was born in 1793, survived until May, 1869, and was laid by his side in the old Quaker cemetery. Their children were as follows : Anna married W. P. Cooper, and both have passed out of life; Susan (deceased) mar- ried Moses Pownall; Phoebe (deceased) married her brother-in-law, W. P. Cooper; Sarah (deceased) married Sylvester D. Limballe ; Samuel (deceased) married Sarah L. Haines ; Asahel C. married and died in New Mexico ; Joseph C. is mentioned below ; Mary A. is the widow of Alfred Ellmaker, of Gap ; Margrette is the wife of Frank Pennpck, of Phila- delphia. It is in a manner easy to attribute some of the qualities which have made Mr. Walker so estimable and useful a citizen to a most honorable ancestry, which the biographer finds was thoroughly identi- fied with the religious and educational, as well as the commercial and agricultural, advancement of the sections in which they found a home, in 1680 Lewis Walker, a man of parts, a friend of William Penn, came from England, where his religious views were interfered with, and permanently settled in Mont- gomery county, Pa., buying a large tract of the rich land lying in what was known as Great Valley. There he reared a family. He was succeeded by his son Isaac, who was also an extensive agriculturist, and whose large estate was left his heirs, one of whom was Asahel, the grandfather of Joseph C. Walker, of Gap. Asahel Walker (i) married Anna Moore in 1770, in the old Sadsbury township meeting-house near her home, and they began life together in Ad- ams county". Pa., returning in 1788 to locate in Sads- bury township. By trade he was a millwright, and he erected the first mill which was built in this part of the county, for his father-in-law, in 1765. This building still stands, the old stone mill near Chris- tiana, Pa., being an object of historic interest in that locality. His later days were spent in agricultural pursuits, his farm consisting of 250 acres. He passed away in 1838, at the advanced age of ninety- four years, after a quiet, useful and benevolent life. His wife, born in 1749, died in 1823. Both were members of the Society of Friends, and he was a minister of the Gospel. Their children were as fol- lows : Isaac ; Anna, who married John Moore ; Sarah, who married George Cooper; Mary, who married Andrew Moore ; and Asahel, the father of Joseph C, previously mentioned. On the maternal side, the grandfather of Mr. Walker was Samuel Coates, who carried on farming all his life in Chester county, and whose name was connected with much of the enlightened advance- ment of his section. He was a son of Moses Coates, who was of English extraction, and who long was a respected resident of Phoenixville, Chester county. He was a descendant of the Coates family who first settled in or near Baltimore, Maryland. It has been more than once noted that a farm has been the early home of almost every prominent man in our country's history, and such was the case with Joseph C. Walker. Until he reached his majority he remained on the farm, acquiring his education in the district schools and at Unionville Academy, in Chester county. His first entrance into the business world was as a clerk in the employ of Baker & Hop- kins, in Gap. Col. Joseph B. Baker, the head of the firm at that time, 1853, was the superintendent of the Philadelphia & Columbia railroad, then owned by the State, but now the Philadelphia division of the main line of the Pennsylvania railroad. There Mr. Walker remained for a period of two years, going then to Christiana, where he engaged for the two succeeding years in a general mercantile business, operating in this connection a business in grain and feed. Upon his return to Gap, in 1857, where he de- cided to make his home, Mr. Walker embarked in the mercantile business, purchasing from his former employers their business plant, and he has the dis- tinction of being one of the oldest merchants on the line of the Pennsylvania railroad between Harris- burg and Philadelphia. As years went on, through his public-spirited efforts, the hamlet grew to its present proportions and prosperity, and his business growth was commensurate with other advancement. In 1885 he erected his great brick grain elevator, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 309 and the bulk of the business done in this locaHty in grain, feed, coal and lumber is carried on by the well-known, reliable firm of Joseph C. Walker & Son. In 1883 financial conditions seemed to assure the success of a properly managed National bank at this point, and Mr. Walker was one of its principal or- ganizers. He was made its president, B. Maurice Herr its cashier, and from the bank's comparative statement of its condition on June 30, 1899, we find that its loans and discounts at that time amounted to $198,710.81; its surplus and net profits, $30,- 716.49; and its deposits, $159,645.50; while its sur- plus and undivided profits were $30,716.44; the amount paid to stockholders in dividends, $35,- 500.00; and the total net profits from its organiza- tion, $66,216.49. This remarkable showing is a testimony to the careful and conservative yet suc- cessful course followed by its eminent president. Aside from his duties already mentioned, Mr. Walker has found time to take a deep interest in all the public afl'airs and enterprises of his little city. In 1893 he was a member of the Pennsylvania Board of World's Fair Managers, Chicago, serving as chairman of one of the committees of that board. For four years he served as postmaster ; for six years gave his time on the school board as one of the effi- cient and careful directors, with the result that no locality in the county has better school equipments ; and for a period of five years served the good peo- ple of Gap as a just justice of the peace. For thirty- five years he has been an active member of the Com- mercial Exchange of Philadelphia, and has served on its board of directors. At the outbreak of the Spanish war he was appointed, by Gov. Hastings, on the Board of Commissioners of Pennsylvania to examine into the condition of fortresses and needs of defense on the Eastern Coast, acting with like boards from the other States. Mr. Walker is noted for his sterling personal as well as political honesty, his affiliation in the latter direction being with the Republican party. He is a man whom Nature en- dowed with extraordinary energy and business ca- pacity, and in conjunction gave him the honesty of his Quaker ancestry. In fraternal life Mr. Walker is connected with the Masons. He has long been a leading member of and liberal contributor to the Presbyterian Church, encouraging its spheres of usefulness in every pos- sible direction. His manner possesses the polish of the social world, and he numbers his friends by the number of those who make his acquaintance. In Gap he has long been regarded in the light of a pub- lic benefactor. On March 13, 1856, Mr. Walker-was united in marriage with Miss Lucy H. Ellmaker, and children as follows have been born to this union : E. Enfield, who is his father's efficient partner in business, mar- ried Miss Nancy McCullough, and their two chil- dren bear the names of Joseph and Margaret ; Miss Sarah W. and Miss Susan P. are both at home ; Jo- seph' C. is deceased; William J. L. is a student in college. Mrs. Walker is a native of Leacock town- ship, a daughter of Esaias E. Ellmaker, and a sister of Watson Ellmaker, of Lancaster. DAVID F. HARNISH, whose home is in Man- ' heim township, a mile and a half north of Lancaster, belongs to an old family, and worthily wears an hon- ored name. Born in Conestoga township, Aug. 9, 1836, he is a son of David and Susan (Forrey) Harnish. The father was born in Conestoga town- ship, in 1803, where he was reared, and was married in 1824. Purchasing a farm in Manheim township (in 1838) which contained 160 acres, and was known as the old Sworr homestead, he devoted his life to its cultivation. This farm now belongs to David F. Harnish. Here the elder Harnish lived until about two years before his death, when he bought a property in Petersburg, to which he moved, and there he died in 1896, at ninety-three years of age. Always a farmer, he was a very suc- cessful man. In the Mennonite Church, with which he was associated from early life, he was much es- teemed for his genuine character and manly worth. His children were as follows: Fannie, now de- ceased, who married Jacob Harnish; Jacob, a resi- dent of Peterburg; Elizabeth, the widow of Henry B. Rohrer, of Petersburg ; Daniel, a resident of Manheim township ; David F. ; Sarah, the wife of Henry Harnish, of Conestoga ; Leah, the widow of John Brubaker, of Freeport, 111. ; Anna, who died in youth ; and two children, who died in early child- hood. David F. Harnish was reared on the farm and educated in the public schools. When he was twen- t)'-eight years of age he began for himself on the farm where his home has been maintained to the present time. On this farm he has made many sub- stantial improvements, and has devoted his labors to general farming. Mr. Harnish was married, in 1865, to Miss IS/lar- tha, a daughter of Christian Huber, of West Lam- peter township, long since passed to his reward. Mr. and Mrs. Harnish are the parents of the follow- ing children : Christian, a farmer of Leacock town- ship ; Susan, the wife of George Kendig, of Pequea township; David, a resident of East Hempfield township ; Aaron ; Ida ; John, the last three being all at home. Mr. Harnish has filled the office of school direc- tor in Manheim township, and is a member of the Church of God, while his wife belongs to the Men- nonite Church. They are good people, and have been industrious and upright through their useful years. WAYNE BARE, one of the venerable farmer citizens of East Lampeter township, was born June 5, 1822, in Bareville, Lancaster county. He is a de- scendant of a family whose members have for years been among the most honored residents of the coun- ty, being a grandson of Andie Bare. The latter was born in Lancaster county, and spent his entire life 310 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY there. He kept hotel at Bareville for some years, was also distiller and farmer, and was a very suc- cessful man, owning three farms adjoining. He married a Miss Diller, and they were the parents of ■ four children : Polly, Mrs. Bare ; Julia A., wife of Michael Johns ; Liddie, wife of Henry Good ; and Adam, the father of our subject. Adam Bare was born in 1784, at Bareville, Up- per Leacock township. He succeeded his father in the hotel at Bareville and he was also a distiller and farmer. He died in 1877. Adatn Bare was one of the prominent men of his day. He was sheriff of Lancaster county, in 1832, and served as county commissioner for some time. He married Miss Sarah Graybill, and they were the parents of eight children, one of whom died in childhood ; Wayne is our subject: Elias, deceased, was a drover and farm- er at Bareville; Caroline is the wife of Samuel Groff; Diller resides in Philadelphia; Catherine is the wife of Levi Groff ; Adam, deceased, wais a car- penter, in Alabama; John, deceased, lived in Cali- fornia. Wayne Bare obtained his education in the com- mon schools of the county and lived at home until he was twenty-six years of age. He then began farming for himself, in Lancaster county, Leacock township, and continued there twenty-four years. In 1873 he purchased a farm in Leacock, which he sold in 1882, and then purchased the place where he now resides, and which he has since conducted. In pol- itics Mr. Bare is a Republican, and he was inspector of elections for three years. By a life of industry and upright living he has won the esteem of all who know him, and has well sustained the high reputations borne by all members of the Bare family. He is a member of the Old Mennonite Church. Mr. Bare wedded Miss Mary Landis and to this union were born seven children, one of whom died in infancy ; John L. is a farmer in Leacock township ; Sarah is the wife of Henry C. Kurts ; Emma is the wife of Benjamin D. Rohrer ; Milton is a farmer in Leacock township; Ida is the wife of Whitmore Rohrer ; and Wayne L. is a farmer of East Lampeter township. JOHN LANDAU (deceased), who was one of the leading men of Lancaster, Pa., was born Aug. 16, 1831, in Hessen-Darmstadt, Germany, and died in Lancaster, Pa., in August, 1901, and is interred in the Zion Lutheran cemetery. The parents of John Landau, Peter and Eliza- beth Landau, were natives of Germany, where they lived and died, the demise of the father occurring in 1 886, when he had attained the age of eighty-six years, and the mother passing away in 1840, aged forty-four years. By occupation, the father was a tailor. The following family was born to this union : Peter, a shoemaker of Germany ; Margaret E., who married Adam Hirsh, of Germany ; John, a farmer ; K. Elizabeth, widow of Peter Kiesner, of Mt. Joy, Pa. ; Barbara E., who died in Germany, and was the wife of Peter Bach, a machinist ; and Catherine, who married a Mr. Fisher, of Germany. John Landau came to the United States in 1854, settling in Lampeter township, where he engaged in farnjing until 186 1, when he located in the city of Lancaster and there took up gardening, which he successfully pursued until hi death. By his industry, thrift and excellent business management, Mr. Lan- dau not only made a success of his work, but also ac- cumulated considerable property, and at the time of his death owned seven good houses and other hold- ings. Fraternally he was a member of the order of Red Men, in which he took an active interest. His religious connections were with the St. Stephen's Lutheran Church, of which he was one of the or- ganizers, in 1874, and where he served as elder and trustee for many years. Socially, he was a member of Liederkranz Society, of which he was treasurer for the last six years of his life. Mr. Landau viewed the political field from the Democratic standpoint, and was a staunch supporter of the candidates of that party. In every relation of life, Mr. Landau proved himself an honest, worthy, whole-souled man, faithful to his duties and devoted to his family. In him Lancaster lost a representative citizen and one who had done much, in his quiet way, to advance its interests. On Jan. 11, 1857, Mr. Landau was married in Lancaster to Barbara E. Dietz, and the following family was born to this union: (i) Margaret E., married to Edward M. Stone, a Lancaster watch- maker, who settled in Waltham, Mass., dying in 1891. (2) Mary A., married to John W. Rushton, also a watchmaker of Waltham, Mass.^ who was born in England but came to America; when four years old. (3) Anna K., married Harry C. Au- ment, a painter, a native of Lancaster county, where his family had long lived, his grandmother, Mrs. Clark, dying there in 1890, at the age of one hun- dred years and eleven days. (4) Jacob,, a carpenter of Lancaster, Pa., who served two years as a police- man under Mayor Schissler. He married Anna, daughter of John Z. Thomas, a native of Monmouth- shire, England, who came to America when a young man and served through the Civil war as first lieu- tenant of Co. F, igsth P. V. I. (5) John P., unmar- ried, and living at home; a watchmaker. (6) Will- iam C, a watchmaker of Waltham, Mass., married Lucy E. M. McGregor, who was born in Glasgow, Scotland. Mrs. Landau was born in Hessen-Darmstadt, Germany, in January, 1838, daughter of Peter and Barbara (Landau) Dietz, also of Germany. The parents of Mrs. Landau came to America in 1854, settling six years later in Lancaster City, Pa., where the father was a gardener. His death occurred in 1896, when he was eighty-six, and the mother died in 1889, aged seventy-seven ; both are buried in Zion cemetery, having been members of the Zion Luth- eran Church. Mr. Dietz, like his son-in-law, was an organizer of St. Stephen's Lutheran Church and later BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 811 an elder and trustee. Their children were : (i) Anna K., died in 1898, married John Stamm; (2) Barbara E., married John Landau; (3) Margaret E., mar- ried William G. Rapp. ABRAHAM W. STEHMAN, whose home- stead is in the borough of Marietta, Lancaster Co., Pa., but whose place of business is on Light street, Baltimore, Md., is a native of Conestoga township, Lancaster Co., Pa., and was born in 1839. His par- ents, Tobias B. and Ann (Gamber) Stehman, were respectively born in Conestoga and West Hempfieild townships, in the same county, and were the parents of two children : Jacob G., M. D., who died in New Orleans, La., in 1864; and Abraham W., whose name opens this biography. Tobias B. Stehman was a farmer by calling, but in 1847 retired to Marietta, where he passed forty- three years of his long life, dying at the home of his son, Abraham W., in 1890, at the age of eighty- three years. His wife had passed away in 1862, at the age of forty-eight. Both were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, although later in life they became Presbyterians. Abraham W. Stehman was^ brought to Marietta in 1847 hy his parents and here attended the district schools, and later for three years was a pupil in Prof. James P. Wickersham's academy. In i860 he en- gaged for a few years in the coal business at Marietta in partnership with his cousin, Samuel H. Brown, and was then appointed ticket and freight agent in the same borough for the Pennsylvania Railroad Co., and held the position until 1864. In July, 1864, Mr. Stehman enlisted in Co. D, 195th P. V. I., was mustered in at Harrisburg, and was detailed for clerical work at Baltimore, Md., in the mustering and disbursing office, having been mustered out of field service at Harrisburg, three months after enlistment. After his discharge from the army, he re-entered the same office and clerked for fourteen months, and was then commissioned deputy internal revenue collector for Baltimore, in which capacity he served for thirteen years — eight as chief deputy. He then resigned to engage in the stove jobbing and manufacturing trade with B. C. Bibb, who had become his father-in-law, and the firm was known until 1885 as B. C. Bibb & Son, when it was incorporated and Mr. Bibb made presi- dent and Mr. Stehman general manager and treas- urer. The marriage of Mr. Stehman took place in Bal- timore, in 1878, when he was united with Miss Catherine Amanda Bibb, daughter of Bentley C. and Amanda M. Bibb, natives, respectively, of Vir- ginia and Baltimore, Md. Mr. Bibb at times, as may well be surmised from the foregoing statements, was a wholesale jobber and manufacturer of stoves and employed 100 men. .He died in June, 1894, since which date Mr. Stehman has been president of the company. Mr. and Mrs. Bibb were the parents of five children, of whom only two now survive — Mrs. Stehman and Mrs. Walton Saunders, whose husband is a retired physician of San Francisco, Cal.' To Mr. and. Mrs. Stehman no children have been born. In politics Mr. Stehman is a true Re- publican. He continues to maintain his home in Ma- rietta, whither he resorts each summer and fall to rest. His circumstances in life are most comfort- able and his wealth is the result of his personal at- tention to his business affairs and his superior busi- ness ability. FRANKLIN J. HECKLER, for many years the well-known assistant yardmaster for the Pennsyl- vania Railway Company at Columbia, was born in Bedford, Dauphin Co., Pa., Dec. 16, 1833, a son of Jacob Heckler. The father was a native of Germany and came to this country when a young man. He made his home m Columbia, Pa., from 1835 to ■1852, and then went to Cincinnati, Ohio, and later to Louisville, Ky., where he died in 1862, at the age of sixty-five years. In his family were five children, of whom Franklin J. is the youngest, the others be- ing Christiana, widow of Mr. Shaffer and a resident of Louisville, Ky. ; Mary, wife of Mr. Galich, of the same city: Louisa, who died young, and Catherine; wife of Mr. Smith, of Covington, Kentucky. ' Franklin J. Heckler was not three years old when brought by his parents to Columbia, where he grew to manhood, and he was married in Lancaster, Dec. 16, 1866, to Letitia Santee, by whom he had two children, namely: Elizabeth S., who died in childhood ; and Franklin J., Jr., a druggist of Phil- adelphia. Mrs. Heckler was born in Columbia, Nov. 17, 1837, ^ daughter of John and Elizabeth (Fordney) Santee, the former a native of Wilkesbarre, Pa., the latter of Baltimore, Md. Her paternal grand- parents, Isaac and Rachel (McNeil) Santee, were natives of France, and on their immigration to America first settled in Connecticut. The maternal grandparents, William and Rachel W. (Ware) Fordney, were born in Norfolk, Va., and spent sev- eral years in Baltimore, Md., where the latter died. Mr. Fordney later came to Columbia, Pa., which continued to be his home until death. Mrs. Heck- ler's parents were married in Lancaster, Pa., and in 181 7 took up their residence in Columbia, where they inade their home until 1840 and then moved to Wilkesbarre. At one time the father was very wealthy, owning and operating large coal mines, but unfortunately lost all his property. While in Wilkes- barre on a visit, he was stricken with paralysis and died in 1851, leaving three children, name}y : James, who was killed while riding on a railway train ; Ra- chel E., deceased wife of John F. Gebhart, and Mrs. Heckler, who died Aug. 19, 1902, in Columbia, Pa. Mrs. Santee was twice married, her first husband be- ing Charles Lochard, by whom she had six children : Samuel, deceased ; Sophia, widow of Jeremiah Brow and a resident of Columbia, Pa. ; Charles, who died in Cincinnati, Ohio; Hannah, who married Martin 312 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Irbin and died in Columbia, Pa. ; William, who died in Philadelphia, and Ann E., widow of Thomas Groom and a resident of Columbia. For the long period of fifty-eight years, Mrs. Santee lived in the same house in Columbia, and there died in 1876, at the age of seventy-eight years. At the age of sixteen years, Mr. Heckler com- menced learning the shoemaker's trade, at which he worked for two years and a half. He then entered the service of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, and after serving as brakeman for a year and a half was promoted to flagman, which position he held for the same length of time. During the following five years he was a conductor on the road, and from July, 1869, served as assistant yardmaster at Colum- bia, with credit to himself and to the entire satis- faction of the company. He died Jan. 11, 1902. In his social relations Mr. Heckler was an Odd Fel- low and in his political views was a Republican. He and his wife were numbered among the progres- sive and well-informed citizens of Columbia, were widely and favorably known, and their circle of friends seemed only limited by their circle of ac- quaintances, for all who knew them appreciated their sterling worth and many excellencies of char- acter. HON. H. BURD CASSEL. Among the promi- nent men of Lancaster county who have, through sterling worth and business acumen of a high order, acquired and held honorable positions as business men and statesmen, we find the name of H. Burd Cassel, who was born in Marietta, Pa., Oct. 19, 1855. He comes from one of the first families of the county, where his ancestors have been residents for four or five generations. On the paternal side he is of German descent, while on his mother's side he is of German and French extraction. His grandfather, Henry Cassel, was interested in the lumber business, as well as numerous other enterprises, and was one of the incorporators of the old Marietta Bank. On his death he was laid to rest in the family burying ground near Marietta. Abram N. Cassel, father of H. Burd, was born in Marietta borough in January, 18 10. He learned the hatter's trade in his youth, and during his twen- tieth year started in business for himself at his birth- place, continuing some twenty years. At the expira- tion of that time he embarked in the lumber business. He was held in high esteem by the people of his bor- ough and district, and was their representative in different offices and positions. For three terms he served his district in the State Legislature, where his career was most commendable. He was one of the first advocates of the public school system, and was a member of the school board and town council a number of terms. Until the organization of the Republican party, in 185$, he was a Whig, but thereafter and until his death he was a member and warm supporter of the new party. In county con- ventions and in local political meetings he was a prominent figure for many years. He was one of the incorporators of the Lancaster & Marietta Pike Co., and was its president. Religiously he held membership with the Presb)'terian Church, and was one of its elders for many years. By his marriage with Mary J. Stahl he was blessed with two chil- dren: George L., a practicing physician of Lan- caster; and H. Burd, whose name introduces these lines. Mr. Cassel died Dec. 28, 1895. The early years of H. Burd Cassel were passed in Marietta, and his education was obtained in the public and private schools of that borough and Columbia. Soon after the completion of his studies he entered his father's office, and has since been identified with the lumber trade. He also owns and operates a retail lumber-yard in Mt. Joy, and controls numerous mills throughout the State. In 1888 was founded the present firm of A. N. Cassel & Son, of which he became sole proprietor upon the death of his father, in 1895, continuing as such until Jan. i, 1902, when he admitted his son, Howard N., to partnership. Previous to the organization of the firm H. Burd had long managed the business. Their trade, which previous to 1888, was exclusively retail, is now largely wholesale,' and everything in the line of dealers' supplies is constantly kept on hand. The trade of this firm in shingles alone is greater than that of any other in the State. Much of the product in this line is from the State of Washington, while the lumber in which the firm deals comes from Can- ada, the States of Washington and Florida, and, in fact, from almost every State in the Union. Mr. Cassel is president and receiver of the Marietta Manufacturing Company, of which his son, Howard N., is secretary and treasurer. In 1898 he was a director in and president of the Marietta Gravity Water Company ; is a director in the Home Build- ing & Loan Association; has been treasurer of the Pennsylvania Construction Company since 1894; was president of the Lancaster Building & Loan As- sociation from its organization in 1895 until 1900, when he resigned on account of other business ; for many years he has been secretary and treasurer of the Pennsylvania Electric Company, and is also a member of the Pennsylvania Monument Associa- tion, of Philadelphia. For four successive terms Mr. Cassel served as a member of the borough coun- cil; was for two years chairman of the Republican County Committee ; and in 1896 was a delegate to the Republican National Convention held at St. Louis. In T898 he was elected to the State Legisla- ture, and so ably did he fill the position that his con- stituents renominated him in 1900. As a further proof of the people's confidence in his integrity and ability he was elected, in November, 1901, to repre- sent, in the Lower House of Congress, the district so long and ably represented by the lamented Mar- riott Brosius, and was re-elected in November, 1902, for the LVIIIth Congress. Mr. Cassel is a member of the Presbyterian ^i-'^^Zl-iZ^isZ-c- -^_ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 313 Church in Marietta, and one of its elders. For many years he has been Sunday-school superintendent, and was also president of the Lancaster County Sun- day-school Association, and president of the Lan- caster County Union of the Young People's Society of Christian Endeavor. On July 17, 1877, Mr. Cassel married Miss Mary Ann Patterson, who was born in Mt. Joy, Pa., daughter of James and Mary Patterson. Their chil- dren are Howard Nefif, M. Effie, Frances Patterson, Henry and Walter Patterson. LEWIS BRINTON (deceased), a worthy rep- resentative of a family that has been well and favor- ably known in Lancaster county and vicinity for two centuries, was born on a part of the present home of the family May 19, 1829, and there he died May 26, 1883, aged fifty-four years and seven days. He was a son of Samuel and Lydia P. Brinton, and a brother of William P. Brinton, whose sketch ap- pears elsewhere. On April 17, 1856, in Beaver county. Pa., Lewis Brinton was married, by the Rev. B. T. Critzlow, a clergyman of the Presbyterian Church, to Mary Bradley Boak, of New Brighton, of that county. To this union were born: (i) Rilla W., born Jan. 10, 1857, was a cultured and noble woman, who died April 18, 1892. (2) Charles Edgar, born March 25, i860, is a printer by trade, and lives in Phila- delphia; he married Leah Conard, and has two daughters, Edna Harvev and Mabel Boak. (3) Walter, born Sept. 28, 1863, is a manufacturer of Manganese steel, with the Taylor Iron and Steel Co., at High Bridge, N. J. He is a highly skilled worker in iron and two kinds of steel, having medals and diplomas from several European countries, and is much esteemed in business circles. He is now serving his second term as mayor of High Bridge. He married Elizabeth Ewing, of Chester, Pa., arid has had five children, Elizabeth Ewing (deceased), Rilla Crothers and Agnes Ewing (twins), Helen Erskine and John Taylor. (4) Lydia Suseanna Rigby, born Jan. 26, 1869, married Thomas W. Jopson, of Germantown, Pa., a lawyer of considera- ble ability, living at No. 523 Chestnut street, Phil- adelphia ; they have four children, William Sidney, Arthur Brinton, John Marshall and Elizabeth Thomas. Mrs. Mary Bradley (Boak) Brinton was born in Boalsville, Beaver county, Oct. 29, 1839, a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Eldridge) Boak. John Boak was a fire-brick, clay and iron manufacturer, and died Oct. 28, 1847, at the age of forty-five years. His widow passed to her rest in February, 1890, at the age of seventy-two years. They were members of the Presbyterian Church and Society of Friends, re- spectively. To them were born: William, died at the age of eleven years and two months ; Mary Brad- ley; Robert, a groceryman at Foster Brook, Pa., married Annie Powers, of Boston, Mass. ; Martha, deceased, was twice married, her first husband being John McPherson, and her second, J. Shepler, of Greensburg, Pa. ; Samuel, a farmer and lumberman, died in Center county; Elizabeth, deceased, mar- ried George Karney, of Pittsburg, Pa. Both Samuel and Robert served three years in the Union army during the Civil war, and hold honorable discharges. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Brinton were WilHam and Martha (Bradley) Boak, natives of Ire- land, though married in Scotland. William Boak car- ried on a distillery in Beaver county, and was a large landowner in his day. He belonged to the Presbyte- rian Church, and was a man of much prominence in the community. Lewis Brinton was reared on the farm where his family still reside, until the age of twenty-five, when he went to New Brighton, Beaver county, where for three years he was engaged in the making of tubs, buckets and wash boards. At the end of that period he married, and located in Johnson county, Iowa, where he was farming four years, when he sold his farm and returned to the old homestead, and spent the remainder of his life on the farm that had been in the possession of the Brinton family for over 200 years, and which has now passed to his children as the family estate. Mr. Brinton was a member of the Masonic fra- ternity, and in religion was a member of the Ortho- dox Friends. In Sadsbury township, during his active years, he was called upon to fill various local offices, and was a deputy internal revenue collector, township tax collector, and justice of the peace, re- ceiving his commission from Governor Curtin. The present family farm consists of nineteen acres, though it consisted at one time of 180 acres. The site of Christiana takes in the most of it. JOHN R. RUSSEL, a retired hardware mer- chant of Lancaster, Pa., and one of the prominent and most highly esteemed citizens, was born Jan. 9, i8r8, at Russelville, Chester Co., Pa., son of Francis and Margaret (Whiteside) Russel, natives of Ches- ter county. In 1820 Francis Russel moved to Lan- caster county and settled near Gap, where he fol- lowed a blacksmith's business through life. Hts birth took place in 1783 and his death in 1859. His wife survived him a few years, dying at the age of eighty-two. Both were laid to rest in the cemetery at Lancaster. They had these children born to them : Hannah, wife of Samuel White ; Alexander ; Eliza, who died unmarried; Rebecca, wife of John Hastings ; Abraham ; George ; John R. ; Margaret, wife of John Robinson; Isabella, who died single, and Francis. The only survivors of this family are John R. and George, the latter a. retired physician in Detroit, Mich., with two sons prominent in busi- ness life, one as the president of one of the largest banks in Detroit, and the other as attorney for the Michigan Central Railroad. John R. Russel attended the district schools in his youth and made himself useful to his father in his shop, quickly learning the practical details of the 314 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY blacksmith business, so that when but thirteen years of age he could perform many duties and by the time he was fifteen had become so skilled a mechanic that his father could safely leave a part of the business to him. Until he was twenty-six years old he re- mained associated with his father in the same shop, operating on his own account from the age of twen- ty-two. Later, in partnership with his brother Abra- ham, he conducted a hardware business one and one- half years, prior to moving to Stark county, Ohio, in 1844. Eight and one-half years later he returned to Lancaster and opened up a hardware business which he continued to operate until 1874, at which time he retired from activity. Before moving to Ohio he be- came prominent in public life and served on the city council during 1842-3-4 and in later years was again elected. Mr. Russel has always been a progressive and public-spirited man and has shown his interest in education by serving a number of terms as school director. In April, 1848, in Lancaster, Mr. Russel was married to Elizabeth Zimmerman, who was bom on the site of the present home, where she died in 1893, at the age of seventy years, and was interred in the Lancaster cemetery. She was a daughter of Hon. John and Maria (Sheaft'er) Zimmerman, the. former of whom was mayor of this city for two terms, op- erated a large greenhouse here and was success- fully engaged in the insurance business for a long period. Mr. Zimmerman died in 1886, aged eighty- eight years, his wife having died in 1881, aged sev- enty-two years. Both were buried in the Lancaster cemetery. They had these children : Elizabeth, de- ceased ; Catherine died in 1884, unmarried ; Emanuel died in 1847. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Russel were: Howard F., a carpenter, residing w'ith his father, married Anna McPherson and four of their eight children still survive; Anna M., de- ceased ; Ella died in infancy, and Charles died at the age of eleven years. Mr. Russel has always been identified with the Democratic party. For many years he served as treasurer and as trustee in the Presbyterian Church, of which religious body he has been a member since youth. Few men of his age are more vigorous phys- ically or mentally than Mr. Russel. His exemplary life and his kind and genial dispostion have almost defied Old Father Time and he seems very many years younger than the calendar asserts. Mr. Russel is much esteemed and counts his friends and well- wishers by the score. GEORGE REDSECKER, who is a retired mil- ler, of Elizabethtown, Pa., was born in Dauphin county, near the Lancaster county line, Jan. 20, 1829, and is a son of George and Catherine (Moyer) Redsecker, both natives of Lancaster county. The older Redsecker died in 1839, at the age of fifty years, and his widow in 1859, at the age of sixty-six years, both being buried in Mt. Tunnel cemetery. He was a miller, a distiller and a farmer, and carried on these industries for many yearsi in Dauphin coun- ty, two miles from Elizabethtown, becoming very wealthy. Both he and his wife were members of the Reformed Church, and reared the following family : (i) Abraham, a retired miller at Elizabethtown; (2) Susan, the wife of A. Risser, at Paris, 111.; (3") George, whose name introduces this article; (4) Mary, tlie wife of Major J. Royer, of Lancaster, Pa. ; (5) Sarah, the wife of John Risser, at Paris, 111.; (6) Catherine, who died at the age of twenty-three years. George Redsecker was married, in Campbell- town, Pa., in 1856, to Ann Clendenin, and to this union were born the following children: (i) Miri- am L., wife of H. G. Gingrich, a farmer and cattle dealer of Lebanon county ; (2) Harvey S., died in infancy; (3) Henry C, also died in infancy; (4) Mary C, the wife of J. L. B. Miller, a telegraph op- erator at Altopna, Pennsylvania. Mr. _Redsecker came to Elizabethtown in com- pany with his mother when he was only ten years old, and with her he spent the ensuing ten years. When he was twenty years old he entered a mill in Dauphin county, two miles from Eliziabethtown, to learn the trade of a miller under the instruction of his brother, Abraham. For thirty-five years he con- tinued in charge of the mill, making a wide reputa- tion by his honesty and fair dealing. At the end of that long career of marked industry and iiitegrity he returned to Elizabethtown, and here he has since lived a retired life. Mr. Redsecker is a prominent member of the I. O. O. F., in which he has been a representative in the Grand Lodge. In. religion he is a member of the Reformed Church, and in politics a Democrat. The paternal grandparents of George Red- secker were George and Susan (Reem) Redsecker, both natives of Lancaster, residents of Elizabeth- town, where the grandfather died in 1834, at the age of sixty-five years, and his widow in 1841, at the age of eighty-eight. They were buried in Mt. Tunnel cemetery. Their children were: (i) George; (2) Barbara, the wife of Robert Ross ; (3) Susan, the wife of George Peters; (4) Elizabeth, the wife of Philip Fisher; (5) Mary, the wife of Abraham Breneman ; (6) Abraham — all being dead. George Redsecker, the great-grandfather of the gentle- man whose career forms the theme of this article. Was buried with his wife in Mt. Tunnel cemetery, their ashes having been removed from the burying ground of the old Reformed Church on the Ridge in West Donegal township. The maternal grandparents of Mr. Redsecker were Alexander and Elizabeth Moyer, of Lancaster county. JOHN C. REDSECKER, the popular and ef- ficient ticket and freight agent of the Pennsylvania railroad, as well as manager of the Adams Express office at Elizabethtown, was born in Columbia,- Lan- caster Co., Pa., and is a son of Abraham and Eliza- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 315 beth A. (Fisher) Redsecker, both born in Elizabeth- town, where their hves were spent, the husband and father following the career of a druggist in his ac- tive days. In i860 Abraham Redsecker was ap- pointed a clerk in the post ofifice at Philadelphia, and for five years he continued in that position. In his early days he had charge of the Columbia Locks, and throughout his life he was an active and indus- trious man. In 1865 he was compelled to resign from the Philadelphia post office by his ill health, and two years later he died, March 23, 1867, at the age of fifty-three years. Mrs. Elizabeth A. (Fish- er) Redsecker, who was born in 1819, died in 1885, and was buried in Mt. Tunnel cemetery. Both she and her husband were members of tlae Reformed Church, and he was a strong Republican. Born to this union were: Isaac R., who died young; John C. ; Mary V., the wife of Dr. S. R. Nissley ; Laura E. and Harry H., both of whom died young. John Redsecker was married in Nov., 1877, in Elizabethtown, Pa., to Kate Murray, and to this union was born one son, George A., who is living with his parents, and is assistant in the railroad and express work under his father. Mrs. Kate (Murray) Redsecker was born in Maytown, Pa., and died in August, 1878, her inter- ment being in the Mt. Tunnel Cemetery. She was the daughter of Charles W. and Margaret (Jacobs) Alurray, both of Elizabethtown, where her father was the landlord of the "Washington Hotel" for many years. John C. Redsecker came to Elizabethtown, Pa., with his parents when a child, and here the active years of his life have been very largely spent. March 15, 1 87 1, he entered the local telegraph office and be- came a master of every detail of the railroad busi- ness, so that in seven years he was made the ticket and baggage agent for the Pennsylvania Railroad, and in 1884 was put in charge of the freight office. He is a thoroughly competent man, and no detail of his complicated work escapes his attention. He is regarded as one of the capable men on the road, and is slated for a more remunerative position. His faithful management of the office and his courtesy to the public have won for him a host of friends among the traveling public. Mr. Redsecker is a Mason of high standing and is past master of Casiphia Lodge, No. 551, F. & A. M., of Mt. Joy, and Royal Arch Chapter, No. 43, and Lancaster Commandery, No. 13, both of Lan- caster, Pa., and also member of Rajah Temple, An- cient Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, Reading, Pa. ; Past Grand of Elizabethtown Lodge, No. 128, I, O. O. F. ; and also Past Chief of Unity Castle, No. 420, K. G. E. In politics Mr. Redsecker is a Republican, and in religion a member of the Re- formed Church. For six years he was president of the town council and he is one of the prominent and leading men of the city. FRANKLIN BRENNEMAN, postmaster at Rawlinsville, and the leading merchant of that place, was born in Providence township June 4, 1828, son of Christian and Catherine (McFalls) Brenneman. Christian Brenneman, the father, was born June 12, 1794, and died Ang. 6, 1874, at the age of eighty years. He was a son of Jacob Brenneman, of Ger- man ancestry, and married Catherine McFalls on Nov. 22,. 1826. Of Irish origin, she was born July 22, 1806, and died Jan. 15, 1888. They had a fam- ily of ten children, as follows: Franklin, of this sketch ; Christian, born May 7, 1830, resides in Phil- adelphia; Catherine, born June 18, 1832, died un- married Jan. 28, 1854; William resides retired in Lancaster; Mary, born Oct. 6, 1837, married John Conrad, a hotel keeper of Providence township; Margaret Ann, born Sept. 9, 1839, married A. N. Rutter, of Drumore, both of whom are deceased; John B. and tienry B., twins, were born Jan. 30, 1843, the former deceased, the latter a resident of Lancaster; Susanna, born Jan. 10, 1846, deceased, was the wife of John Bair; and Elizabeth, born April 7, 1848, is the wife of Tobias Mawrer, of Lan- caster. Christian Brenneman was a miller by trade and ran a mill at Millvalley, in Providence township, for some fifty years. He was a Democrat in his political belief, and through life was an honest, hard- working man, respected by every one. Franklin Breimeman of this biography grew up at home and learned how to run a mill under his father's instructions. His education was acquired in the township schools and he put his knowledge to practical use by following the profession of teach- ing for some nine years. He also engaged in mill- ing for a time, and then in farming for twenty-five years. In 1876 he went to Pequea, and after farm- ing there for six years moved to Rawlinsville and embarkei- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 321 educated in the public and private schools of Phila- delphia. Like his brother Thomas J., he began his business education in a textile factory in that city, and at the age of twenty-one years became overseer of the carding department, later filling a number of other responsible positions with the same firm. He was one of the three Brown brothers who in 1888 formed a firm and started in business on their own account, in Philadelphia, and he continued in that relation until he came to Mt. Joy to enter the estab- lishment there, having charge of the carding, spin- ning, etc. Arthur Brown was united in marriage, in 1879, in Delaware county. Pa., with Miss Anna L. Browne, and six children have crowned this union, viz. : Anna L., Arthur Maurice, Lawrence M., Laura M. (deceased), Edwin L. and John T, The family at- tend the Episcopal Church. Walter G. Brown was born in Trenton, N. J., Feb. 23, i860, was educated in Philadelphia, and e^rly entered a textile mill. He soon rose to the position of overseer of the carding department, and held other posts of trust and responsibility. In 1888, in connection with his elder brothers, Thomas J. and Arthur, he embarked in the manufacturing busi- ness in Philadelphia, and, like them, he is now iden- tified with the concern at Mt. Joy, having charge of No. 2 Mill. In 1887 Walter G. Brown was married, in Dela- re county. Pa., to Miss Izella Garside, and this iiion has been graced with three children, Harry G., Elmer E. and Russel H. (the last named de- ceased). This family are also united with the Epis- copal Church. Mr. Brown has already won a place for himself as one of the most progressive men in the borough. In politics he is a Republican. Benjamtn W. BrowNj the fourth of the six brothers, was born in Delaware county. Pa., March 12, 1863, was educated in Philadelphia, and there learned the textile business. In 1883 he came to Mt. Joy with his father and his interests have ever since been centered in the great factory, where he has charge of the finishing department. Mr. Brown was married in Mt. Joy to Miss Annie Henery, and to this union have been born two children, Laura D. and George. The family attend the Episcopal Church. In politics Mr. Brown is a Republican and as the candidate of that party he has been elected a member of the borough council, of which he is at this time president. George H. Brown, the fifth of the brothers who constitute the firm of George Brown's Sons, was born Nov. 3, 1867, in Philadelphia, was there educated, and in 1883 came to Mt. Joy. He has charge of the weaving in the factory, and has developed con- spicuous ability in the management of that depart- ment. He was married in Mt. Joy borough to Miss Annie Keller, and they have a family of three chil- dren, George H., Milroy and Beatrice. This family are also members of the Episcopal Church, and in politics George H. Brown is a Republican. 21 Elmer E. Brown, the youngest member of the firm of George Brown's Sons, was born in Phila- delphia Oct. 21, 1 87 1, and was educated in the pub- lic schools of that city and Mt. Joy, having come to the latter place in 1883, when about twelve years of age. There he learned the art of manufacturing textile fabrics under his father, and, being a young man of ability, was soon admitted into partnership and given a responsible position in the weaving de- partment as an associate with his brother George. Elmer E. Brown was married, in Mt. Joy, to Miss Sallie Heilig, and three children brighten this home, Elmer E., Elsie M. and Russel H. ■ This family are also members of the Episcopal Church. Mr. Brown is a Republican in politics. It IS proper that a history of the immense cotton and woolen mills operated by George Brown's Sons at Mt. Joy be here recorded. George Brown, the founder, learned the business in Yorkshire, Eng- land, the greatest woolen manufacturing district in Great Britain, where he was born and reared. Com- ing to this country when a young man, he first settled at Trenton, N. J., but in about two years removed to Philadelphia, where better opportunities were of- fered to skilled workers. From boyhood until his retirement from business, a few years ag©, he was al- ways connected with the same line of manufactur- ing. He started business at Mt. Joy in 1883 with only twelve looms, and some idea of the magnificent advance of this concern may be obtained by the state- ment that now 170 looms are in operation daily. Mr. Brown first rented the building now known as No. 2 Mill, a two-story brick structure, 40x120 feet. As trade developed he continued to add to its mechanical appliances, and in eight years his business had so expanded that larger facilities were required; in 1889 he purchased what is now known as No. i Mill, making great alterations and additions to suit the requirements of his business. Mr. Brown's suc- cessful career has demonstrated to the satisfaction of the people of this section that Mt. Joy is a good site for manufacturing on the most extensive scale. He has made apparent the fact that an enterprise, though situated at- some distance from large trade centers, far from the field of supply, when properly managed by a skilled and experienced mind will thrive and blossom, here in the heart of Lancaster county. The people of Mt. Joy owe to him a debt of gratitude for this exemplification, as the develop- ment of the business has been a notable factor in the expansion of the town in recent years. In 1891 Mr. Brown retired from the business and was suc- ceeded by his five sons, Thomas J., Arthur, Walter G.. Benjamin W. and George H., all of whom are thoroughly familiar with every branch of the manu- facture, each having been trained in this line from boyhood. Previous to their location in Mt. Joy, in 1891, Thomas J., Arthur and -Walter G. Brown had been engaged in cotton and woolen manufacturing for a few years at Philadelphia. The other brothers, 322 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Benjamin W., George H. and Elmer E., had assisted their father in the conduct of his business in Mt. Joy from its inception. The six brothers have al- ways been identified with the cotton and woolen busi- ness, and from the time they assumed entire charge of the present establishment they have ranked as men keenly alive to the demands of trade, ready at all times to supply their patrons with something new, novel and attractive. Independent of their skill and experience as manufacturers they have demon- strated the fact that they have the ability to observe, and the business capacity to utilize opportunities for improvement. These necessary characteristics are contributing much to the reputation of the com- pany — in fact are placing its output in the front rank. Another feature that has been of paramount in- fluence in widening the reputation of the house is the fact that every department in the extensive plant has the personal supervision of one of the brothers. Thus patrons can always rest assured that the prod- uct, is, at all times, all that it is represented to be, no detail, no matter hovy seemingly, inconsequential, being omitted that would make the goods equal to the best of their class manufactured in America. The extensive works of George Brown's Sons are located out on the eastern edge of the borough. Gazing toward the town from the east the buildings of the company appear in themselves to constitute a little village of ceaseless activity. The works con- sist of a number of buildings, built' of brick prin- cipally, and so arranged as to secure the greatest arhount of light, good ventilation and working space. They are thoroughly adapted throughout for their special productions, being divided into appropriate departments — weaving, beaming and twisting, dye- ing, carding, picking, napping, finishing, shipping, etc., besides storehouses and warehouses for finished stock and raw material. In the different divisions of the industry, all of which run smoothly under per- fect supervision, 140 hands are employed, and, not- jvithstanding the depression . that has hovered over the country for some time, so great has been the popularity attained by the goods of this house that in that time they have found it necessary to enlarge their mechanical equipment and increase the number of their em'ployes. As a whole the premises are ad- mirably arranged, and supplied with the latest im- proved machinery and appliances necessary for the systematic and economic conduct of the business, and, in fact, every contrivance which skill, science and capital can supply is utilized in the process of manufacture. In the matter of equipment this con- cern is probably unsurpassed in the entire country, the very latest inventions in looms, cards, mules, nappers, shears, rotary hot presses, measuring and rolling machines, twisters, etc., being utiHzed throughout. The main building is a splendid two-story brick structure 40x146 feet in.dimensions. On the ground floor is located a weave room containing ninety-nine looms. In the second story is the necessary carding and spinning machinery, all of which is of the very latest pattern and design. Annexed to the main building is another two-story brick structure, 32x50 feet. Its first floor is also used as a weave room, having twenty-seven looms, while the second story is utilized for a picker department for the prepara- tion of the stock. Immediately adjacent to the main building is a two-story brick, 32x34 feet, the first floor of which is used for a machine shop and dy- namo room, the upper floor for a carding room. Close by is the dye house, a one-story structure, 50x70 feet. Immediately across the road from this is another important building devoted to manu- facturing. Like all of the other buildings which con- tain mechanical appliances, it is a substantial two- story brick, 40x70 feet. On its ground floor are lo- lated napping machines, rotary hot presses, shears and measuring and rolling machines, etc., for finish- ing. On this floor also is the shipping department. Upstairs is the beaming and twisting room. There are three beaming machines used for preparing warps for the looms, and three twisters for doubling two or more threads together. The buildings stand upon two plots of ground, one 150x180 feet and the other 60x340 feet, allowing the company consider- able room ;for future expansion. In order that no essential modern feature should be lacking in the successful operation of the factory, George Brown's Sons have their entire premises illuminated by electricity, using both incandescent and arc lights, supplied by a direct connected gen- eratory set of 700 lights capacity. The most up-to- date improvements; in fact everything new that is of proved value, have been introduced, and the elec- tric plant may well be said to be complete in every particular. All in all, it is improbable that better or superior facilities for the receipt and shipment of stock could be had than are possessed by this company. The main line of the Pennsylvania railroad runs through the property, bringing the factory directly in contact with that entire vast railway system and its still vaster connections, which radiate to all sections of the country. They are thus enabled to handle goods for shipment, stock for consumption, fuel, etc., at minimum rates, an advantage that counts decisively when the magnitude of the business is considered. In 1883, when George Brown laid the foundation of the business, 300,000 yards of material made greatly taxed the manufacturing facilities, to the ut- most. He began operations with only 'twelve looms, while at present there are 170 running daily. The yearly output has increased to 1,750,000 yards, to manufacture which enormous product requires 400,- 000 pounds of yarn (purchased elsewhere) and about 600,000 pounds of cotton or wool, annually. So great an increase in production, in such a "short time, not only speaks volumes for the liberal and progres- sive character of the management, but also for the high quality of the goods. It necessarily also re- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 323 quired a continual increase in manufacturing facili- ties from year to year, and new machinery is con- stantly being added to meet the growing demands as the goods are ever reaching new sections of the country. George Brown's Sons manufacture cot- tonades, cotton worsteds, flannels, etc. The, product commends itself to wholesale dealers and clothing manufacturers, because, in all grades of the work, only the best of materials and workmanship are em- ployed. A great variety of patterns and designs are made, the soundest judgment being exercised at all times in the harmony of colors, and as the plant possesses everything in the way of the latest machin- ery the finish and workmanship of the goods are ab- solutely unexcelled. The trade of the house extends from ocean to ocean, and from British Columbia in the North to the Gulf Coast in the South, including Texas, in the great Southwest. The meritorious quality of the productions has been the greatest recommendation of the goods, and the trade territory has conse- quently developed rapidly. Wherever introduced the goods have established an ever-widening market for themselves, and the strongest testimony as to the truth of this fact is the great and growing increase of the annual output. The members of the firm have always evinced the strongest and most energetic public spirit, and since locating at Mt. Toy have, at all times, identified themselves in every movement made to advance the material interests of the borough. They have cham- pioned, father and sons, every effort put forward to place Mt. Joy in her rightful position as an enter- prising and progressive town. In the town coun- cil, in the school board, or in any other department of the borough's service in which they take part, their voices are always raised in approval of those measures that redotmd to the general good. The borough has had need of j ust such assistance, be- cause,, while she is on the rapid road to a greater era of prosperity, she, like many of her sister municipali- ties of the East, has also heard the fossilized bones of the antiquated ckss rattled within her boundaries. So, as has been stated, she is pleased to welcome those who represent the spirit of progress, and, as she is now evolving from a mere agricultural community to a first-class manufacturing town, men like George Brown's Sons are destined, by their aid, to hasten that auspicious time. ; ' MARTIN DORWART, formerly a p^sterer, but for many years the manager of a teaming and hauling business, was born on the square where he now lives, in Lancaster, Oct. 22, .1828. His par- ents were John and Maria (Stone) Dorwart, and his grandfather, on the paternal side, was Martin Dor- -.yart, a shoe maker of Lancaster, and of German descent. -John Dorwart was also a plasterer, and his death occurred in Lancaster in 1871, at the age of seventy-five, his wife haying died in 1S66, at the age of sixty-seven. The parents, who are buried in Shriner's, cemetery, were members of the Re- formed Church, and the children born to them were as follows : Ann, the deceased wife of James Cham- bers; Emanuel, deceased; Elizabeth, the wife of Jacob Barnhart (deceased) ; Margaret, the deceased wife of Henry Metzgar ; John, deceased ; Salina, the deceased wife of .Andrew Cogley ; Martin ; William, deceased; Sarah, the deceased wife of James. Tear- ney; and Elvina, married to William Gable (de- ceased) . Until eighteen years of age Martin Dorwart at- tended the public schools of Lancaster, and then learned the plasterers' trade, which he followed un- til engaging in teaming and hauling in 1883. This has since been his principal means of livelihood, and for the performance of his work he is obliged to hire several men, as he himself merely directs. Mr. Dor- wart has taken an active part in general afifairs in the town, is popular with his men and the public at large, and has been a member of the city council under Republican administration for one term. He attends the Episcopal church, but is not a member of any. In 1850 Mr. Dorwart m.arried Wilhelmina Del- let, born in Lancaster county in March, 1831, a daughter of Adam and Susan (Huber) Dellet, the former a contractor in Lancaster, but now deceased. To Mr. and Mrs. Dorwart have been born the fol- lowing children: John, deceased when young; Mary, also deceased when young ; Emma, the wife of E. Wilson Schriver, of Lancaster; Adam,, married Lo Mary Baer, a printer in Lancaster ; Ida, the wife of William F. Humble, of Lancaster ; Rose, the wife of A. B. Clark, of Reading, Pa. ; Rev. William, a graduate of the Andale College, N. Y., ordained to the Episcopal ministry in 1891, has charge of a church in Newport, Pa., and married Catherine Marks ; Rev. George M., a graduate of Franklin and Marshall College, ordained to the Episcopal ministry in Reading, Pa., and has charge of a church in Paterson, N. J. JOHN A. HOOK (deceased) was for some years a retired business man of Columbia, Pa., where he died July 29, 1879. ^^ was born in Lan- caster, Pa., May 9, 1815, a son of David and Bridget (Gallagher) Hook, respectively, natives of Phila- delphia, Pa., and Ireland, but who both died in Lan- caster. David Hook was a spoke and wagon manu- facturer and was called from earth July 29, 1853, at the age of sixty-three, and his widow May 27, 1874, at the age of eighty-six years, both in the faith of the Catholic church. Seven children blessed the marriage of this couple, viz: John A., Mary (who was married to George Boyle), William, James, Henry and Elizabeth, all of whom are deceased; and Jane, still a resident of Lancaster. Michael Hook, great-grandfather of John A., came from Magnea in 1750 arid settled in Lancaster, Pa. He was the father; of four sons and two daugh- ters, viz : Michael, who married Mrs. Jane Thom- 324 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY as; Ferdinand; Anthony; Andrew; Mary Frances, who was married to Francis Zeigler ; and Christina, who became Mrs. Ginther. John A. Hook, -antil eighteen years old, assisted in his father's wagon and spoke factory in Lancas- ter, but owing to ill health abandoned that class of work and came to Columbia and here clerked for a Mr. Haldeman five years. He was next em- ployed by a transportation company as agent, and this position he held until the Pennsylvania Railroad was built through the town. He then went with a Mr. Graff to Cincinnati, Ohio, and was engaged in the coal trade a year or two, when Mr. Graff died, and Mr. Hook was employed by another coal firm. He remained in Cincinnati seven years, then returned to Columbia, Pa., and after engaging in the foundry business there a few years sold out and went to Pittsburg, where he passed two years. He next engaged in the commission business in Baltimore, Md., three years, and was very prosperous, but fail- ing health forced him to relinquish his business ca- reer and return to Columbia, where he lived in retire- ment until his death in the faith of the Catholic church. He was very popular personally and filled several borough offices. John A. Hook was united in marriage at Lan- caster, Pa., by Rev. Father B. Keenan, June 26, 1845, to Miss Mary A. Wolf, and this union was blessed with ten children, viz : Mary J., born Aug. 30, 1846, married Bernard Malone, a contractor; Sarah E., born March 22, 1848, married Charles F. Youngs, formerly postmaster and now assistant postmaster of Columbia; Charlotte A., born Nov. 15, 1850, is the wife of Wald H. Frye, a Republican ofHce-holder in Baltimore, Md. ; George A., born June 21, 1853, is a contractor in Lancaster; Anas- tasia, born Nov. 8, 1855, is at home with her mother ; James A., born Nov. 8, 1855, is now a railroad en- gineer at Columbia ; John F., born Dec^ 4, 1859, is in the same employ in the same borough ; Alice died young ; Edward P. died in infancy ; and Clara' A. was born in Columbia and is still single. Mrs. Mary A. (Wolf) Hook was born in York, Pa., Dec. 8, 1826, and is a daughter of George and Sarah (Piatt) Wolf, who lived in York until 1834, when they came to Columbia. George Wolf for sev- eral years had operated an iron foundry in Phila- delphia, and on settling in Columbia followed 'the same calling until his death, in 1858, at the age of fifty-one years. He was a personal friend of Gov- ernor Porter, who appointed him quartermaster. Although he was not a member of any religious so- ciety he was a good Christian, was very charitable and was beloved bv all who knew him. Mrs. Sarah (Piatt) Wolf died' May 25, 1896, in the faith of the Lutheran church, at the advanced age of eighty-six years, and her remains were interred beside those of her husband in Mount Bethel cemetery. To Mr. and Mrs. Wolf were born eight children, viz. : Mary A. ; Daniel, who died in York; Elizabeth, widow of Robert T. Ryan, of Columbia; Charlotte Augusta; George W. ; and Julia, William and Sarah C, who were called away in infancy. The maternal grandparents of Mrs. Wolf were Thomas and Elizabeth Piatt, of Nottingham, Eng- land, where they were married prior to coming to America. Thomas Piatt came to America as a Brit- ish soldier at the time of the Revolutionary war, but on arrival joined the Continental forces and as- sisted in achieving the independence of the Colonies. After living in this country thirty years, during ^\■hich period it was thought at home he was dead, he sent for his family, who here passed the remainder of their lives. HON. MILTON HEIDELBAUGH, a member of the State Senate from the 13th District, which embraces the city of Lancaster and the southern part' of the county, is one of the most genial and clever gentlemen in this section of the State. The ancestors of the Heidelbaugh family came to America from the northern part of Germany early in the eighteenth century. The great-grandfather of Milton Heidelbaugh, who was a farmer, settled in the Octoraro valley, among the Quakers. Henry Heidelbaugh was a farmer, and owned a large tract of land in Bart township, which at his death was divided among his children, who were: John (mentioned below), Henry, Mary Ann (who married Peter Pickel) and George, all now de- ceased. John Heidelbaugh, son of Henry, was well edu- cated, and in his early life taught school, and again after several years' intermission followed the teach- er's profession. In politics he was first a Whig and later a Republican, and prominent in party work, but cared nothing for the holding of public office. He died in 1873. He was twice married. Mary Pickel, his first wife, was a daughter of George Pickel, who lived near Octoraro Church, and by that union there were 'four children, only one of whom is now living, Susan, widow of John E. Draucker, a farmer of Bart township. For his second wife John Heidel- baugh married Margaret Bender, daughter of Na- thaniel Bender, a trader and a hotel keeper of this county ; she died in 1863. To this union were born five children, four of whom are living: Albert, a farmer living on the old place at Octoraro; Milton, of Lancaster: Rachel Ann, wife of Michael Scott, a farmer of Bart township ; and Henry, a farmer of Chester county, James Edwin died in 1892, un- married. Milton Heidelbaugh was bom on the old farm in Bart township, April 19, 1843, ^^'^ was educated in the public schools of the district and in Maple Grove Academy. Leaving school at the age of eighteen years, he became a clerk in a store in Georgetown, Lancaster county, where he spent a year and a half. He then entered the Union army, enlisting in Com- pany C, 50tb P. V. I., under command of Col. Emlin Franklin. After the battle of Gettysburg Mr. Heid- elbaugh returned to civil life, and spent some three BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 325 years in teaching— two at Rohrerstown, and one at Paradise. He then became a clerk in the store at Georgetown, Lancaster county, where after a year of labor he formed a business association with his former employer, William S. Ferree, conducting a general store at Nickel Mines for five years. At the end of this time Mr. Heidelbaugh bought out his partner's interest, and carried on the business alone very successfully for fifteeji years, when he sold out to the late Capt. Doble. After retiring from the Nickel Mines store Mr. Heidelbaugh was engaged in farming for a time, and then turned his attention to the hardwood lumber business, into which he in- troduced portable sawmills. This is still his main business, and he has two sawmill plants in Prince William county, Va., and one in Maryland, in the three employing some seventy-five men. In the Vir- ginia business he has for partners John J. Heidel- baugh and B. Frank Althouse. Mr. Heidelbaugh owns a fine dairy farm of 132 acres in Chester coun- ty, which is in the charge of a tenant. During his residence at Nickel Mines, Bart town- ship, Mr. Heidelbaugh was township auditor and a school director. Mr. Heidelbaugh has a deserved reputation as a legislator. In 1885 he was elected to a seat in the Legislature, and has been four times re- elected, 1893, 1895, 1897 and 1899. He was elected to the Senate without opposition for the term be- ginning in 1 90 1. While in the Assembly he served at different times on the committees on Ways and Means, Appropriation and Education, and he was chairman of the committee on Law and Order for thi-ee terms. In the session of 1901, in the Senate, he was chairman of the committee on Mines and Mining and was appointed on a commission to de- vise better means of caring for the Insane of the State. Mr. Heidelbaugh was married, Jan. 13, 1869, to Miss Harriet E., daughter of Jacob and Mary Thompson, of Bart township, the former a well- known merchant of that section, now deceased. To this union were born six children, four of whom are living: George Ferree, a train despatcher in the main office of the Pennsylvania railroad, in Phila- delphia, married Anna Roche, of that city, and has four children, Mary Helen, Milton Harold, Mar- garet Hulda and Martha Talley. Mary Blanche married Rev. William B. Anderson, a missionary in the Punjaub district, India, whither he was sent in 1897, and they have had two children, both born in India, Howard Gerald (deceased) and Lelia Blod- wen. J. Howard assists his father as a bookkeeper and stenographer. William Wharton took the me- chanical engineer's course, with the class of 1901, in the State College. John Milton died unmarried, at the age of twenty-two. Margaret Lelia, a student in the Millersville State Normal, died at the age of eighteen, in May, 1896, just one month prior to the graduation of her class. Mr. Heidelbaugh belongs to the Knights of Pythias, and to the Masonic fraternity, where he has passed through lodge, chapter, commandery and consistory. In politics he is a Republican, and in religion he is a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Lancaster, in which he is an elder, as he was for years at Octoraro. One of two members sent from the Westminster Presbytery to the Gen- eral Assembly of the Church at Omaha, Neb., in 1887, he acquitted himself creditably, and justified the wisdom of the Presbytery in sending him on that important and responsible labor. He is one of the managers of the Lancaster General Hospital. FRANK J. WEAVER. The old and honored family which bears the name of Weaver, or as it probably was, Weber, originated in Switzerland, from whence came the founder of the Weavers in Lancaster county. The old records tell how Hans Weber came to America in 1717 and settled in the Keystone State upon 500 acres of land in what is now known as West Lampeter township. His as- sociate was Ulrich Houser, and subsequently the land was divided between the two, the Weavers still retaining 300 acres of the original purchase. This valuable land was in the possession of Rudolph Bundeley, from whom it was secured in 1717, and the homestead is now in the possession of John K. Weaver, the fifth in line from the founder, and now contains seventy-five acres. The first house was erected by Hans Weber, or Weaver, a log cabin, which stood some 300 yards north of the present residence, and probably about 1740 a stone house was built, this still standmg, in an excellent state of preservation. In 1765 there was erected a brick residence, from brick made on the place, and this is still occupied by the family, having been so thorough- ly constructed that it remains much more comforta- ble than many of the modern structures. When John Weaver, the son of Hans, built this house it was con- sidered such a remarkable edifice that people came many miles to see it, the newness of it attracting their notice, just as in these days it is a historic land- mark, notable for its preservation in age. Jacob Weaver, the son of John, built the barn in 1788, and each proprietor has added to the improvements. John Weaver left twin sons, Jacob and John, and Jacob became the grandfather of Francis J. Weaver, of this biography. His occupation was that of farm- ing, his religious connection was with the Reformed Mennonite Church, and he was one of the highly re- spected citizens of his locality. His marriage was to Mary Neff, of a farming family who resided near Strasburg, and a family of eight children was born to this union, one son, John, becoming the head of the present family. John Weaver was born and reared on this farm, where he lived some eighty years, a good, pious and most worthy member of the Reformed Mennonite church. He was married to Elizabeth Kreider, a daughter of Christian Kreider, and of their children we have record of the following : Martin, of Stras- burg ; Christian, of Lancaster ; Amos, of East Lam- 826 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY peter township : Elizabeth, of Strasburg ; Annie, de- ceased; Cyrus J., of Chester county; Frank J., of ■ East Lampeter ; and Jacob G., a physician of Stras- burg. Frank J. Weaver, one of Lancaster county's most worthy and respected citizens, resides in West Lampeter township, one and one-half miles east of the Lampeter postoffice, and one mile from Wheat- land Mills, a most desirable location. His descent has been traced from one of the oldest families in the county and he is a worthy representative of it. He was born on the farm adjoining the old home- stead April 7, 1838, a son of John and Elizabeth (Kreider) Weaver, and here he was reared and re- ceived his preparatory education, later attending a -business college in York, Pennsylvania. Upon finishing his schooldays- Frank J. Weav- er took up farming in connection with his brother, and for some time prior to his marriage car- ried it on with success. In 1869 he purchased the farm he now occupies, consisting of forty-eight acres, where he has made many permanent and valu- able improvements, erecting good and substantial buildings, and he has placed his farm under such cultivation that it is justly regarded as one of the most desirable in the neighborhood. On Peb. 17, 1870, Mr. Weaver was married to Mary Buckwalter, a daughter of Benjamin and Eliz- abeth (Mylin) Buckwalter, and to them* have been born the following: Henry B., B. Ellis and Eliza- beth Elma. The sons have imbibed the progressive ideas of their father, and have engaged in the propa- gation and growth of hothouse plants and flowers, making a specialty of carnations, and have also en- gaged in the fruit business, placing oh sale peaches, plums and pears, also all kinds of choice grapes, hav- ing four acres devoted to this industry. In their greenhouses 'they have 8,500 feet of glass, and have five houses, seventy feet in length. This is a grow- ing business and covers a large territory of trade. The daughter of the house is an accomplished young jady who has displayed talents of a high order in free-hand sketching, and all the children have been afforded the best possible educational advantages. Both Mr. and Mrs. Weaver are members of the Re- formed Mennonite Church, in which he has been a deacon for the past thirty years. The family is regarded as representative, socially and otherwise, in West Lampeter township. JAMES S. PATTERSON, one of the leading citizens of Little Britain township, Lancaster .coun- ty, long identified with her political, educational and religious life, was born Aug. 8, 1838, a son of James and Rebecca (Black) Patterson, of the same town- ship. The founder of this branch of the Patterson family was James Patterson, wh9 was born in Coun- ty Antrim, Ireland, in 1708, and came to America in 1728. The locality in which he settled is now included in Little Britain township, and the land was purchased from the Penns. He married Mary Montgomery, and his children were: William, John, Hannah, Mary, Samuel, Jane, Isabella, James, Elizabeth and Thomas. James Patterson, the second of the name, was born in 1745, and married Letitia Gardner. His children were: Isabella, Francina, Robert, Mary, Elizabeth, Jane, James, Letitia and Rachel, all of whom have passed away. James Patterson, the third of the family name and father of James S., was born on the farm now oc- cupied by our subject, March 7, 1796, and on Dec. 18, 1823, was married to Miss Rebecca Black, of Little Britain township. Ten children were borti to this marriage : Robert B., born Sept. 28, 1824, died in March, 1901 ; William, July 19, 1826, resides in San Francisco, Cal. ; Rachel, born Sept. 5, 1828, married John Carter, and died Jan. 18, 1862; Isa- bella, born June 29, 1830, is the widow of David -Ramsey, of Chester county; Francis, born March 17, T832, died Oct. 6, 1861 ; Harriet, born Aug. 22, 1834^ married Dr. Kennedy, of Oxford, and died Nov. 18, 1874; Mary Rebecca, born Aug. 9, 1836, married Dr. John W. Zell, of Little Britain town- ship, and died Sept. 23, 1870 ; James S., born Aug. 8, 1838; Letitia, born Sept. 2, 1840, married Dr. D. H. Strickland, of Chester county, and died May 9, 187s ; and D. Ramsey, born Oct. 30, 1842, is a mem- ber of the legal profession in Philadelphia. James S. Patterson was reared on the farm and through boyhood attended first the district schools and later the Academy at Hopewell, Chester coun- ty. For many years he has been one of the substan- tial agriculturists of this section of Lancaster coun- ty, and now owns one of its finest farms, consisting of 20D acres, two-thirds of which is well cultivated and the balance woodland, and on which is one of the most commodious and comfortable residences in the township. On Jan. 30, 1868, James S. Patterson was united in marriage with Miss Margaret E. Ferguson, born Oct. 27, 1844, a daughter of Thomas and Anna (Dripps) Ferguson, of Colerain township, and five children were born to this union : Mary, born July 18, 1869, married Lieut. J. Howard Griffiths, of the U. S. Army, stationed now in the Philippine Islands ; Charles, born Nov. 18, 1870, married Mary Webb, of Drumore township, and now conducts the home farm; Chester, born April 19, 1872; James, Jr., born March 17, 1874, is a resident of Omaha, Neb.; and Anna R., born May 19, 1877, married Melville Barr, a merchant of Colerain township. Mrs. Pat- terson, the mother of this family, died Feb. 5, 1891. On Feb. 10, 1898, Mr. Patterson was married to Mrs. William Warden, a daughter of Samuel and Elizabeth (Thompson) Mclntire, of Philadelphia; there are no children by this marriage. In politics Mr. Patterson is a stanch Democrat. His father was a personal friend, admirer and sup- porter of President James Buchanan, and took an active part in the campaign of 1856. Mr. Patterson BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 827 has been especially prominent in the affairs of the Presbjterian Church, and in 1884 was chosen as a delegate from the Westminster Presbytery to the General Assembly at Saratoga Springs, and in 1892 he was again so honored, and attended the General Assembly held at Portland, Ore. In his township Mr. Patterson is held in high esteem, and his integ- rity of character reflects credit on himself, his fam- ily and the community. FREDERICK QUADE. In recalling the inci- dents in the career of Frederick Quade, one of Lan- caster's substantial and respected citizens, it is easily proven that energy, honesty, perseverance and in- dustry are the steps by which a man can change his- condition from poverty to comfortable com- .petency. Mr. Quade is a self-made man, and from a youth who reached America only by obtaining a small loan from a friend has not only paid that back -with interest, but has assisted friends in turn and has done more in the way of charity than many of his fellow-citizens imagine. Mr. Quade was born in Westphalia, Prussia, April 12, 1830, son of Charles and Jane S. (Spilker) Quade, the latter dying when our subject was but five weeks of age. His father and grandfather both were contractors and builders. The father died in i860, at the age of fifty-eight years. The children born to our subject's parents were : Charles F., de- ceased, a brickmason who died in Missouri ; Louisa, the widow of Andrew Kohm, of Lancaster; and Frederick, of this sketch. Mr. Quade was religiously reared and was con- firmed at the age of fourteen years, according to the rules of his church. At about that same age he be- gan to have a determination to emigrate to America. He reached New York City on a cold day in Janu- ary, . 1845, ^iid soon found occupation as a clerk in a grocery . store, his attention to business and his faithful service making him so valuable that he was retained for four and three-quarters years. He learned so much in this time that in 185 1 he felt able to start info business for himself, but later, be- cause of ill health, sold out and came to Lancaster. He began as a clerk, then was made a foreman. Hq would have enlisted as a soldier, but was refused on account of poor teeth; his faithfulness, however, had been noticed, and through Hon. Thaddeus Stev- ens he was, in 1863, made a foreman in the quarter- master department and an agent to look after lost and stolen goods of the government. After the close of the war he returned to Lancaster and secured a position as foreman in the cotton mills and for three years was yard boss. Mr. Quade then embarked in the butcher busi- ness,, which he followed for fifteen years and then became a bottler of beer, ale, porter, etc., which busi- ness he followed for ten years. He now lives re- tired from activity, and is one of the city's large landholders. Be owns eleven valuable buildings, the "McCall's Hotel" and other desirable properties. When Mr. Quade came to Lancaster county he had less than $100, and now is possessed of very large means. He has taken an active interest in various benevolent and charitable enterprises and is a man who has many personal friends. Fraternally he be- longs to the Masonic Blue Lodge; the I. O. O. F., having passed all its chairs ; and is the second old- est member of the Order of Red Men in Pennsyl^ \ania. In politics he is a Republican. His re- ligious connection is with the Lutheran Church. On March 28, 185 1, Mr. Quade was married, in New York City, to Miss E. Ann Harcop, who was boi'n in Hanover, Germany, died Jan, 9, 1899, aged seventy-six and is buried in Greenwood ceme- tery. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Quade were; Christian F., who is in charge of a hotel at McCall's Ferry, this county, married Ada Heb- ble and has six children ; John H., who has been a clerk with Bauragardner & Martin, in the coal busi- ness, for twenty years, lives in Lancaster, married Anna Shoop and has one child; and Louisa, who married Benjamin F. Davis, ah attorney in Lan- caster. HENRY B. GISH (deceased) was born in West Donegal township Oct. 12, 1834, and died on the farm where his family is now living Sept. 24, 1897, his remains being laid to rest in Mt. Tunnel cemetery. John S. and Annie (Breneman) Gish, his par- ents, were both natives of West Donegal township, where their lives were spent. The father was a farmer, and carried on in addition to his farm work a grist m.ill, which he rebuilt in 1845, and operated until i860, when he passed it over to his son, Henry B. John S. Gish died in March, 1889, at the age of ninety-seven years ; his wife died in i860, at the age of sixty-two years. Their remains, removed from the old farm cemetery, are now resting in Mt. Tunnel cemetery. To them were born the following children : Anna, who married Henry Breneman, and is now deceased; John (deceased), who first married a Miss Boyer, and second Adaline Baxter; Catherine, who married John Boyer; Mary, de- ceased wife of Philip Olweiler ; and Henry B., whose ' name introduces this article. Jacob Gish, the paternal grandfather of Henry B., was a prominent man in his day, and had much to do with the early industries of West Donegal township. Abraham Gish, the pioneer settler of the family, came to tliis State from Switzerland, and was the progenitor of a numerous family: Jacob, born in 1767, died in 1846; Abraham, born in 1770; Cather- ine, born in 1771 ; John, born in 1774, died in 1871 ; Christian, born in 1775; David, born in 1777; George, born in 1779, died in 185 1 ; Elizabeth, born in 1781, married Abraham Heisey, and died Jan. 14, 1861 ; Susan, born in 1784; and Mathias, born in 1788. Six of these ten children were born in the month of December, and their average age was 328 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY over eighty years, and the combined age of the ten children was over eight hundred years, and one at- tained the age of ninety-seven years, none died in infancy or youth, and all were married. Two brothers accompanied Abraham Gish from their Swiss home. One settled near the Dauphin and Lancaster dividing line, and died childless. The other went to Virginia, where his descendants at the present time are numerous. None of . the family are addicted to intemperate habits, and with very few exceptions they are members of Christian churches. Henry B. Gish and Miss Amanda Herr were married in Lancaster in December, 1863, and to them were born the following children : Laura E., wife of Abraham Coble, a farmer in West Donegal township ; Heiiry J., a farmer and miller of West Donegal township, whose life history is given on another page, and who married Mabel Hershey; Benjamin H., unmarried, a farmer in Hamilton county, Iowa ; Jacob, a farmer in Iowa ; Edwin H., a tobacco dealer, who married Lillian Hostetter and lives at home; Anna H., wife of Peter Nissley, a farmer of West Donegal township; Mary H., the wife of Clayton Hoffman, a farmer "of Elizabeth- town; Minnie H., wife of Christian Ober, a jeweler in Elizabethtown ; and Ada H., unmarried and at home. Mrs. Amanda (Herr) Gish was born in East Donegal township March 17, 1842, a daughter of Benjamin and Elizabeth (Stehman) Herr. They were both born in Manor township and died in East Donegal township, near Maytown. They were members of the Church of God, and were regarded as solid and substantial people. The father, who was a farmer all his life, died July 28, 1879, ^^ the age of seventy -two years; his widow in 1894, at the age of eighty years. Their remains are resting in Peck's cemetery, near Maytown. The following children were born to them : Hiram S., who mar- ried Charlotte Watson, is a farmer in Mt. Joy town- ship; Benjamin S., who married Sallie Miller, is deceased; Elizabeth S. is the widow of Christian Rohrer and lives at Canton, 111. ; Mary S. married • John S. Miller, a retired farmer in Marietta, and the subject 01 a sketch that is to be found in another place; Amanda S. ; Jacob died in infancy; and Cy- rus S. married Anna Sultzbach and is now deceased. Henry B. Gish spent his boyhood and youth on the farm, and when he was twenty-seven years of age engaged with his brother in the coal and grain business in Elizabethtown, a business they conducted for two years, and then sold to B. G. Groff, who is still engaged in its management. In 1862 Mr. Gish took his father's mill in West Donegal township, operating it for thirty-four years, and then retiring to his late home, a handsome two-story brick, which he had built two years before. One of the directors of the Exchange Bank at its organization, he was acting in that capacity at the time of his death. During his more active years he served in various local positions as school director and audi- tor, and took a leading part in public affairs. Mrs. Gish is a member of the Church of God, and is one of the prominent and wealthy ladies of the commun- ity. She occupies a fine home, near the boro line, and is noted for her many excellent and womanly qualities. DAVID LEWIS DEEN, 'one of the most pop- ular and active citizens of Lancaster, is a native of that city, having been born there May 12, 1847, ^^d is descended on his father's side from sturdy Scotch- Irish ancestry. James Deen, his grandfather, was born in Ire- land, of Scottish parents, and came thence to Amer- ica with two brothers, Mark and David, settling on what is known as the Evans farm, in Lancaster city, Pa. Later he purchased a farm in Juniata county, Pa., on which he passed the rest of his days, dying when he was over eighty years old. In religious faith he was a Presbyterian, as well as all his fore- fathers. Thomas Deen, father of David L., was born Feb. 4, 1812, in Lancaster, Pa., and was there reared to manhood. For a considerable time, and until the breaking oiit of the Rebellion, he was traveling sales- man for a Philadelphia dry-goods house, and he then became sutler for the ist and 2nd Regiments, Pennsylvania Reserves. In 1837 he married Miss Catherine B. McGlinn, daughter of Anthony Mc- Glinn, in his day a widely known carpenter, builder and undertaker, of Lancaster, where he died in 1871, in the eighty-eighth year of his age ; at one time he served a year as coroner of Lancaster county. To Thomas and Catherine B. Deen were born nine chil- dren, three of whom died in' infancy. Of the others, (i) William M. served as a letter carrier, and filled various positions of trust in the city governrhent of Lancaster, until his enlistment, during the Civil war, in the 79th P. V. I., in which he served until wound- ed, at the battle of Green river. (2) James A. died at Camp Slifer, near Chambersburg, Pa., May 22, 1861, while serving as a member of the loth P. V. I., he being one of the first men in the State to enlist for the war of the Rebellion. (3) Thomas A., the youngest surviving brother, is a leading electrical engineer and contractor of Lancaster. The father of this family died in Philadelphia March i, 1862, aged fifty years, the mother passing away in 1882. Both were lifelong consistent members of the Pres- byterian Church. David L. Deen attended the public schools until reaching the age of fourteen years, at which time, his father having died, the lad commenced life in earnest, his first mercantile experience being in the store of John D. Skiles. We next find him in the capacity of apprentice to the trade of machinist in the Lancaster Locomotive Works, whence, after three years, he moved to Pittsburg, and for eight months worked in the Pennsylvania railroad shops, later finding similar employment in those of the Cone- f/j7U^^^C~^^ gd--ejzM^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 829 maiigh & Altoona and the Renovo & Baldwin Loco- motive Works. Returning to Lancaster, Mr. Deen took charge of the machinery in the Conestoga Cork Works, and then, having now become a skilled mechanic, in every sense of the term, he was appointed chief en- gineer of the city water works, filling that position with rare intelligence and fidelity for six and one- half years. After this for a time he served in John Best's works, then for four years as chief engineer of the Penn Iron Works. In 1884 he was elected by the city councils to the position of street commis- sioner, discharging the duties of that office with the same degree of satisfaction to his constituents and the community at large as had characterized all his other work. In the spring of 1885 he was elected alderman by the Republicans of the Sixth ward, and has since filled that office continuously, at this writ- . ing serving his fourth term. In 1897 about one dozen aldermen and justices of the peace of Lancaster and neighboring counties convened at Harrisburg, for the purpose of forming an organization for the bet- ter advancement of the Minor Judiciary of the State of Pennsylvania. This organization is known as the Magistrates Association of the State of Pennsyl- vania, and numbers over five thousand members ; Alderman Deen was elected president of the Asso- ciation in September, 1902. In the spring of 1902 Mr. Deen was elected treasurer of the directors of the poor of Lancaster county. In addition to all these many responsibilities he has, for years, been clerk of the common councils. In 1869 Alderman Deen married Miss Mary C. Price, who was born and reared in Lancaster, and two children graced their union: (i) William L., a graduate of pharmacy, is now holding a respon- sible position in the drug business in Philadelphia; in 1895 he married Jennie Swartz, and they have one son, David L. (2) Mary Elizabeth is at home. The mother of these died in 1877, and in 1879 Mr. Deen married Maggie I. Seith, by whom he had one child, Charles F., formerly a clerk with Cox & Rose, merchants, Lancaster, and now with the United Tele- phone & Telegraph Company, Lancaster. Mr. and Mrs. Deen are members of the Reformed Church. In politics he is a Republican, and has been for sev- eral years a member of the Republican County Com- mittee a,nd Republican City Executive Committee, of which latter he has been chairman for ten years. He has for many years taken an active, earnest and efficient part in all city, county. State and National affairs. Socially Alderman Deen is past chancellor of the K. of P. ; secretary of the Lancaster Game Protective Association; and "in days of yore" was a member (for a time) of the American Order of Steam Engineers, and chief engineer and secretary of the old American Fire Company, as well as as- sistant engineer of the Volunteer Fire Department of Lancaster. In conclusion, it may, without fear of contradiction, be added that, in all his walks of life — whether as a private citizen or as a public offi- cial — Alderman Deen has always stood unswerving- ly for the right, and for that alone, and he has de- servedly earned the esteem of all who know him. DAVID SHETRONE (deceased) was a man who commanded the respect and confidence of all with whom he came in contact, either in business or social life, on account of his sterling worth and honorable dealings. The greater part of his life was spent in York county, this State, but for three years he made his home in Columbia, and during that time made a host of warm friends in that city. Mr. Shetrone was born in York March 15, 1824, a son of John and Mary (Beakie) Shetrone, of that place, where the father followed the shoemaker's trade throughout life. The children of the family were: Jacob, deceased; Isaac, a resident of Ohio; William, deceased ; Henry, a resident of York, Pa. ; David, of this sketch ; Sarah, a widow and a resident of Indiana ; and Margaret, wife of a Mr. Plank, of Chester, Pennsylvania. As previously stated, David Shetrone was a resi- dent of Columbia for three years, from 1854 to 1856, inclusive, but with that exception he always lived in York, Pa., and was lumber inspector for many years. Fraternally he was a member of the Improved Or- der of Red Men, and politically was a supporter of the Democratic party. In Columbia, May i, 1855, Mr. Shetrone mar- ried Miss Mary M. Bartch, and by this union were born children as follows : Anna L., now the wife of Clayton Wiest, a machinist of York; Michael, de- ceased; David, a merchant of Columbia; Mary Eliza, deceased; George, manager of the Atlantic Refining Company, who married Ella Fockner and lives in York; Ada, wife of Newton Nissly, a ma- chinist of Columbia ; Bertha, wife of John Herman, a grocer of Gloucester City, N. J. ; Mary, wife of James King, a railroad man of Columbia ; Edward, who died at the age of twenty-one years ; and Amos, who is with his mother. The father died April 5, i884j at the age of sixty years, and was buried in York. Mrs. Shetrone, a most estimable lady, has made her home in Columbia since 1894, and is an active and prominent member of St. John's Lutheran Church of that place. She was born on Chestnut Hill, West Hempfield township, L,anc.aster county. Her father, Michael Bartch, was born in Gross Gunbe, Darmstadt, Germany, March 28, 1802, and was about twenty-five years of age when he came to America. Locating on Chestnut Hill, Lancaster Co., Pa., he followed farming, and also opened up and operated ore banks. Here he was married, in 1833, to Elizabeth Schwinn, who was also born in Darmstadt, Germany, March i, 1810, and died Feb. 16, 1888, while his death occurred on Chestnut Hill April 29, 1859. They were earnest members of the Lutheran Church, and highly respected and es- teemed by all who knew them. In their family were the following children : Michael, a contractor and . 330 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY builder of Dayton, Ohio ; Mary M., now Mrs. Shet- lone; George, foreman of Bruner's coalyard at Co- lumbia ; Louisa, deceased wife of Frederick Bucher, of Columbia; Sarah, wife of Valentine Bentley, a carpenter of Columbia; Tobias, a resident of the same place ; Amos, a merchant of Columbia, now de- ceased; and Elizabeth, wife of Adam Agle, of Co- lumbia. Mrs. Shetrone's maternal grandfather was a farmer by occupation and a life-long resident of Germany.- JACOB CASSEL, an old and retired farmer, , whose long lite has been marked by industry and in- tegrity, was born on the farm where he and his son now reside, Dec. 9, 1817, a son of Joseph and Anna (Hershey) Cassel. Joseph Cassel was born on the farm where his son and grandson are now. living, and Anna Hershey was born in Penn township, all of Lancaster county. Abraham Cassel located on this farm in 1747, ^^^ i* has never passed out of the hands of his descendants to the present time. Joseph and Anna (Hershey) Cassel moved to Penn township in 1846, being engaged duriiag all their active life in the tillage of the soil. The father died in 1847, at the age of seventy-five, and the mother, who passed to her rest in 1855, lived to be eighty-one years old. They were members of the Mennonite Church, and in their day were among the Jeading people of their community, honest, upright and of manifest integrity. These were their chil- dren : Joseph, who lived to be twenty-eight years old ; Henry, who died when fifty-seven ; Nancy, who married a Mr. Stauffer, and died when twenty- three; John, a retired farmer in Penn township; Mary, who married Jacob Hostetter and lived to be eighty-one ; Elizabeth, who married Henry Buck- holder and lived to be eighty-three; David, who passed avi'ay at the age of eighty-one; and Jacob, noted above. Joseph Cassel, who was the grandfather of Jacob, was a resident of Lancaster county and a strong and leading character of his day. Jacob Cassel was married in Lancaster county, in Feb., 1846, to Barbara, a daughter of Peter and Elizabeth (Lehma) Hershey. Her parents were natives of Lancaster county, and in every way hon- orable and upright people. Jacob Cassel has re- mained on the farm where he is now found for many years. In 1873 he retired from active labor, feeling that his long and arduous life entitled him to some rest and ease during its closing period. His religious associations have been with the Mennonite (Church, of which he is an honored and devoted member. His political views are those held by the Republican party, and he has long been an effective worker in that organization. Abraham H. Cassel, prominent in the farming community of Rapho township, and long and inti- mately associated with his father, Jacob Cassel, was born on the farm where he is now living Jan. i, 185 1. In 1892 he lost his mother, who was born in 1821. Her remains were interred in the Kauff- man Meeting House churchyard. The following children constituted the family: Fanny H., who married John Wademan, and is now dead ; Abraham H., the second child of the family; Anna H., the wife of John Musser, a farmer and tobacco packer of Lancaster county. AbrahaiTj H. Cassel was married in Lancaster, Pa., Nov. 12, 1872, to Barbara Musser, and to this union was born Henry M., who is now at home. Mrs. Barbara (Musser) Cassel was born in East Hempfield township, Lancaster county, July 11, 1852, a daughter of Benjamin and Maria (Niss- ley) Musser. Her parents were both natives of l.-ancaster county. Her father died in Salunga, and her mother in Lancaster. They were born and 1 eared farming people, and in 1872 retired to spend their last years in Salunga. Her father was in his active days a school director. Religiously he belonged to the Reformed Mennonite Church. He died in Salunga in 1892, at the age of sixty-seven and was buried in the Landisville cemetery. His widow died in Lancaster in 1898, at the age of sev- enty-three, and her remains rest beside those of her husband. She was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. Born to this union were the following chil- dren : Martin N., who is a farmer in East Hemp- field township; Anna N., the wife of Joseph Cas^ sel, a merchant at Reading, Pa. ; Barbara N., who is Mrs. Cassel ; Mary N., single, and living in the city of Lancaster. Mr. and Mrs. A. PI. Cassel have spent their lives on the old historip homestead that is so rich with the memories of the former generations of the Cassel family, and they have passed industrious and useful lives. They have many friends in the community who admire their genuine integrity and honor, and cherish their friendship for their worth and moral value. JOHN S. KURTZ, a retired farmer . living in Lancaster, was born in Honeybrook, Chester Coj, Pa., Feb. 21, 1839, son of Jacob and Sarah (Shirk) Kurtz, natives, respectively, of Reading and Lan- caster counties. Pa. The father was a farmer and died in 1866, aged fifty years, while the mother, who was born in 1819, lives in Mechanicsburg, Pa. They were members of the Reformed Mennonite church, and were the parents of three children, of whom John S. is the second child and only son. The eldest daughter, Anna, now deceased, married Ephraim Hostetter; and the youngest daughter, Sarah, is the widow of David Rupp, of Mechanics- burg. The paternal grandparents, John and Anna Kurtz, were natives of Berks county. Pa., where the former was a farmer and stockraiser. After his first marriage, John S. Kurtz left the home farm and undertook to farm for himself in Ephrata township until 1889, during which year he retired to another part of his property, and settled in Lancaster in April of 1892. He was one BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 331 of the best farmers in this section of the county, and has to show for years of untiring industry not only a finely 'improved farm, but several valuable city properties. He is a Republican in political affilia- tion, but aside from the duty of casting his vote .has never interested himself in the strenuous and uncertain life of the politician. He and his family are members of the New Mennonite church, of which he has been a deacon for the past fourteen years, and have materially assisted in building up the organizations in connection therewith. The first marriage of Mr. Kurtz was solemnized in Lancaster, Jan. 19, i860, with Maria F. Hos- tetter, born near Manheim, Pa., in April, 1843, ^^'^ died Aug. 30, 1877. Mrs. Kurtz was a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Forney) Hostetter, of Lan- ■-caster, and was the mother of two children, of whom Lizzie K., now deceased, was born Sept. 4, 1863 ; and Edwin H., born in Jan. 1864, married first Lizzie Shirk, and afterward Mollie Bankert. On April 3, 1892, Bishop Hershey performed the ceremony uniting Mr. Kurtz and Anna E. Weaver, born July 17, 1848, a daughter of Joseph and Esther (Steman) Weaver, natives respectively of East Lampeter and Strasburg. Joseph W^eaver, who was a minister of the Reformed Mennonite church, and a farmer during the active years of his life, married Barbara Barr, who was born iri 1794, and died in 1840, leaving seven children as follows: Isaac, deceased; Ephraim, deceased; Ann, deceased wife of John Franz ; Jacob, deceased ; Mary, living in Lancaster ; Elizabeth, the wife of C. N. Witmer, since deceased; and Susanna, who lives with Mary in Lancaster. For his second wife Mr. Weaver mar- ried Esther Steman Brubaker, and to this marriage were born: Barbara A., who, married Amos Bow- man, a retired farmer of East Lampeter ; and Anna E., the wife of John Kurtz, the subject of this biography. Mr. Weaver died in East Lampeter in 1871, at the age of eighty years, his wife surviving him until May 11, 1890, her age being eighty-three years. They are buried in Longnecker church- yard. Joseph Weaver was a son of Jacob and Esther (Neff) Weaver, of Lancaster county, the former of whom was' a farmer and lived to a ripe old age. Mrs. Esther Weaver was a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Bowman) Steman, also of Lancaster county. J. FR.\NK REED, who both as miller and farmer is well and favorably known to the citizens of Sadsbury township, was born there, on Jan. 21, 1825, and was a son of Charles and Sarah (Brooker) Reed, the former of whom was a native of England, a stone mason bv trade, and died in Sads- bury township in 183 1. The mother was a native of Sadsbury township and lived until 1856, dying at the age of sixty-six years. Both of these parents had belonged to the Society of Friends, and were laid to rest in the cemetery attached to the meeting house in this township. Their children were: J. Frank; and Amanda, who married William G. Miller, of Chester county, and died in 1876, in Sadsbury township. J. Frank Reed was reared by his mother in the home of his grandfather Brooker until he was seventeen years of age, although he was but fourteen when he began to learn the milling busi- ness, working at it as opportunity offered. When seventeen he went for one year to Brownstown, in Drumore township, and worked there as a journey- man; then to Bart township, where for four years he was one of the employees of the. well remembered Old Rock mill. When that property was sold, Mr. Reed rented the Willow mill, in Bart township and turned out the "grists" for the country round, for four years, going to Paradise township, where for three years his skill as a miller was tested. Mr. Reed then purchased one-half of a farm in Sads- bury township, with an uncle, this arrangement con- tinuing but one year, Mr. Reed selling his,, interest and going to Colerairi township. . Here he invested in a small farm of thirty acres, and cultivated it for fourteen years, at the end of that time taking advantage of an opportunity to purchase his present estate. Since then he has been engaged in both farming and milling, doing some of the most satis- factory work in this locality, in his mill. This old stone structure was erected in 1833, ^7 John Town- send, and was originally a water-power mill, but with other improvements, Mr. Reed replaced the old power with a gas engine. The marriage of Frank Reed was on March 9, 1853, to Sarah J. Lary, and the children of this union were : Adela, who died in young "womanhood ; Laura A. and Edna F., both cultured and intelli- gent ladies, living with their parents, and, with their mother, leading members of the Presbyterian church. The birth of Mrs. Reed was on July 10, 1833, and she was a daughter of Uriah and Juliann (Barge) Lary, natives of Paradise township. Uriah Lary was killed by a pectiliar accident, being struck in a vital part by the tongue of a wagon while he was in the act of removing it from the barn. This occurred in 1837, when he was yet in the prime of life, having only reached his" fortieth year. His widow survived until 1856, reaching her fiftieth year. Their children were: Benjamin F., who died in a field hospital, during the Civil war ; Adeline, who is the widow of William Barnett, of Iowa ; Mary A., who is the widow of Uriah Miller, of Paradise township ; and Sarah J., who became Mrs. Reed. Few men of this township are more widely known than Mr. Reed, and he counts his friends by the number of his acquaintances. A stanch Re- publican, he takes a great interest in the success of his party, but has held no office except that of school director and that of supervisor, in Colerain town- ship. His religious training was in the Quaker 332 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY faith, but he is liberal enough to see good in all, and while hot confining himself to any fixed doctrine, his exemplary life speaks for itself, and he is universally esteemed. His present farming land comprises twenty-six acres, and he still is quite capable of managing both it and his milling interests, although he has passed the limit of three- score years, which in the old days marked a man's decline. Vigorous in mind and body, Mr. Reed is a living example of the results of an exemplary and temperate life. EACHMAN. The founder of the Bachman family in I^ancaster county was John Bachman, who was born March 20, 1746. His native country was Switzerland, and thence he carne to the United States while still a young man, and established in Lancaster county a family which has grown into wealth and prominence. John Bachman, the pioneer, was married April 9, 1771, to Maria Rohrer, who was born Jan. 28, 1749, and their family consisted of the following children: Anna, born Jan. 18, 1772; Maria, May 7» 1773 <■ John, Jan. 20, 1775; Elizabeth, Dec. 14, 1776; Barbara, Dec. 20, 1778; Christian, March i, 1780; Jacob, April 25, 1782; Susannah, March 29, 1784; and Maria, Aug. 16, 1786. Of this family, Maria married John McCartney, of West Lampeter township. Susan remained single, and lived to an advanced age. John Bachman, son of John, born Jan. 20, 1775, came into the world during a historic time in West Lampeter township, and there and in Pequea town- ship he spent his life, and carried on his father's busi- ness, that of cabinet making and undertaking. He was located between Willowstreet and West Willow, in Pequea township, where for very many years he could be found, an industrious and thorough work- man, and a man highly respected throughout the neighborhood. As one of the leading members of the Mennonite Church he set an example of exem- plary living, and his decease, on Nov. 10, 1849, was sincerely mourned by a large circle of friends. John Bachman (2) was married Dec. 12, 1797, to Esther Grider, who was born Feb. 16, 1780, and died Sept. 28, 1850. Their children were: Jacob, born Sept. 24, 1798, died July 4, 1869 ; John, born Oct. 5, 1799, died Sept. 9, 1876; Anna, born Feb 24, 1802, died March 2, 1819 ; Christian, born April 10, 1803, died May 9, 1857; Susannah, born Feb. 18, 1805, died Nov. 5, 1888, unmarried; Benjamin, born July 17, 1807, died July 24, 1843 ; Mary, born Dec. 6, 1808, died March 12, 181 1; and Barbara, born Oct. 27, 181 1, died Sept. 24, 1815. Jacob Bachman, the eldest in the family of John (2), was born in Pequea township, between Willow- street and West Willow, and was reared to his fa- ther's business, which he also adopted. On Feb. 12, 1822, he married Barbara Kendig, who was born Nov. 16, 1803, and died Jan. 30, 1876. She was the daughter of Christian and Barbara (Mylin) Kendig, of Conestoga township, where they were much re- spected residents. After their marriage Jacob Bach- man and wife moved to East Lampeter township, and located his cabinetmaking business near Soud- ersburg. In the course of time the little settlement , grew, and as the Bachman family was the most, prominent the name soon became Bachmantown. For forty-eight years Jacob Bachman was a resident of that locality, and few indeed were there who did not know him well. In connection with his trade he also engaged extensively in farming, and was a man who took an interest in public affairs, always advocating measures for the advancement of edu- cation, and inore progressive than almost any other citizen. His connection with the board of education lasted many years, and many of the advantages en- joyed at the present time may be traced to his per- severing and intelligent management of affairs. Both he and his estimable wife have long since passed away, and rest in the Mennonite burying-ground in Strasburg. The ten children born to Jacob Bachman and his wife were as follows : Ann, bom Jan. 20, 1823, died May 21, 1895 : she became the wife of Jacob Weaver, who died in their early married life. Eli, born Jan. 15, 1825, resided in West Lampeter township, until his death, Oct. i, 1901. Christian, born May 22, 1827, died May 14, 1901. Susan, born Nov. 20, 1829, is the widow of Augustus Baum, and re- sides in Quarryville. John K., born June 10, 1832, is a resident of East Lampeter. Barbara, born March 28, 1835, is the wife of Harvey Sherts, of Stras- burg township. Martin, born Jan. 30, 1838, died Oct. 3, 1884, in West Virginia, where he owned large tracts of timber land and also was the proprietor of a sawmill ; he was a soldier in the Civil war, serving in Co. E, 79th P. V. I., entering as a private, and being mustered out a lieutenant; after serving gal- lantly for three years, he was slightly wounded and held in prison ; after the war he went to West Vir- ginia, became prominent in the Republican party, and was a man of ability in every direction. Mag- dalina, born March 30, 1841, is unmarried and re- sides in Strasburg. Jacob H., born March 22, 1844, died Sept 11, 1872, he was a resident of Strasburg, where he carried on cabinetmaking. Elizabeth, born Sept. 19, 1848, is the wife of Frank Book, a farmer of Strasburg township. Christian Bachman was reared in East Lam- peter, and learned the trade of cabinetmaking with his father, remaining with him until his marriage, on Dec. 4, 1855, when he moved into Strasburg and established himself there, opening up a business in cabinetmaking and undertaking, and continuing as its active head until 1897. In 1880, however, he had associated with him in the business his two capable sons, Ellis and Frank, the firm name becoming C. Bachman & Sons, and this arrangement continued until 1888, when Frank Bachman withdrew. The business was then conducted under the firm name of C. Bachman & Son, this style obtaining until the ira^:; ^^^^P^yU^Cc^^fz-'T^'^ n^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 333 retirement of the father and the assumption of the entire business by Ellis Bachman under the firm name, as it is at present, of E. Bachman. When the business was first estabFished the firm manufactured all of the goods sold by the house, but later, as the demands of trade kept increasing, they found it desirable and necessary to place a larger line of furniture in their stock, which gradually has come to embrace every style and kind in their line known to the trade. When Christian Bachman retired from active business it was to leave the important indus- try in younger hands. . For many years he had oc- cupied a prominent position in the public eye, for twenty-five years serving on the board of education, and for another quarter of a century officiating as a notary public, and in spite of private interests he had ever been ready, when called upon, to serve his bor- ough to the best of his ability, usually without profit to himself. As a generous promoter of all progres- sive and educational movements in Strasburg, his at- titude was well known. In his political affiliations he was always a Republican. Christian Bachman married Miss Barbara Buck- waiter, a daughter of Benjamin and Elizabeth (My- lin) Buckwalter, who was born in Strasburg town- ship March lo, 1833, and died March 22, 1901. She was a most estimable woman, and a consistent mem- ber of the Reformed Mennonite Church. Mr. and Mrs. Bachm.an were the parents of seven children : (i) Ellis, born Aug. 15, 1856, is his father's suc- cessor in the well-known firm of. Bachman & Son. (2) Benjamin Franklin, born Sept. 18, 1858, first learned his father's business, and for a few years was associated with him, but decided to adopt the profession of veterinary surgeon, and took a course in that line in the University of Pennsylvania ; after graduating he located for practice in Strasburg, but in the fall of 1900 removed to Pittsburg, where he is now engaged at his profession. He married Miss Elizabeth Loher, and they have three children, Wal- ter, Nancy, and Emily. (3) Harry, born April 25, 1861, died April 19, 1864. (4) William, born Oct. 24, 1863, is a clerk in the Allegheny Galvanizing Company, Pittsburg. (5) Morris, born April 12, 1866, resides in Sharon, Pa. He married Miss Min- nie Bachman, and they have two children, John Ted- ford and Frederick Christian. (6) Edith, born Sept. 26, 1868, is the wife of Isaac H. Weaver, a tobacco dealer and packer of Lancaster city, and they have two children, Herbert and Edward. (7) Charles, born Sept. 30, 1872, resides in Pittsburg, and is the manager, secretary and treasurer of the Allegheny Galvanizing Company. Ellis Bachman was reared and educated in Strasburg borough, and with his father he learned the trade of cabinetmaking, and learned it thorough- ly. Devoting his whole attention to the business since he has assumed full control, he has been en- abled to fill the requirements of a critical public, and has been long regarded as a most reliable business man. For the past fifteen years has served effi- ciently in the office of assessor, and is at present a notary public, succeeding his father. In politics he is a Republican, and one of the active workers for the party. Ellis Bachman was married, Oct. 31, 1883, to Miss Lillian S. Arnold, who was born Jan. 26, 1859, a daughter of the late Thomas Arnold, of Lancaster. Mr. and Mrs. Bachman are the parents of nine chil- dren : Robert, born Nov. 5, 1884, who is in the em- ploy of the Griffin Manufacturing Company, Erie, Pa., as bookkeeper (he is a graduate of the public schools of Strasburg, class of 1900) ; Harold C, a clerk in the First National Bank, Strasburg; Bar- bara A.; Pauline N. ; Stanley; Donald; Morris; Thomas and Charles. Morris Bachman, son of Christian Bachman, has proven himself to be an energetic and success- ful business man. His early education was acquired in the public schools of Strasburg, from' which he graduated in 1883, supplementing this instruction with a .special course at the State Nornal School, in Millersville. The following spring he entered the office of J. W. Hoffman & Co., iron brokers, in Philadelphia, and remained there until the fall of that year, when he went to Chicago, 111., and en- tered the wholesale hardware house of Hibbard, Spencer, Bartlett & Co., remaining with them until the following May. Returning from Chicago to Strasburg, Mr. Bachman embarked in the chicken business, using incubators, and enlarging until he was locally known as something of a chicken fancier. In the following spring he entered the auditing department of the Pennsylvania Railway Company, at Pittsburg, sev- eral months later becoming associated with Lind- say & McCutcheon, manufacturers of hoop iron. He was their traveling salesman for two and one- half years, at the end of which time, after resigning his position, he became associated, in the same cap- acity, with the firm of J. Painter & Sons Co., of Pitts- burg, his territory covering the United States and Canada. Mr. Bachman, desiring a more practical knowledge of the iron business, went to Homestead, and entered the iron works of the Carnegie Steel Co. at the time of the great strike, and almost lost his life as a consequence of drinking some of the poisoned water. Through this he was incapacitated from November until the following March, but in the spring of 1893 he returned to Pittsburg, and was made the manager of a coal mine at Coal Center, continuing in this capacity until the following Aug- ust. He then became associated with William Clark, Son & Co.. of Pittsburg, manufacturers of steel hoops, bands, etc., and acted as salesman for their business for two years, when he returned to his old firm, Lindsay & McCutcheon, and remained in their employ several years. In 1898, in company with Veryl Preston, he organized the Monessen Steel Company, locating the plant at Monessen, Pa., where a business was inaugurated for the manufacture of steel hoops and bands, cotton ties, etc. After operat- 334 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ing for about a month the business was bought by the American Steel Hoop Company, of which company Mr. Bachman was made general sales agent, with office in New York, holding this position until the fall of 1900, when he resigned it to organize the Sharon Steel Hoop Company, with a capital of $200,000, of which company he is the president. Morris Bachman, though j^et a young man, has had a varied business career, but he has been working to one end. Thoroughly equipped, with boundless energy combined with complete and practical knowl- edge, he is well fitted to be at the head of a great en- terprise. With clear business foresight and sagacity, fitted by nature to command, a hard-working man himself, he has before him a promising future, and reflects credit upon the name he bears and the lo- cality which is proud to consider him one of its products. FREDERICK KTNZLER, at the time of his death a retired shoe manufacturer, and one of the pioneers in his line in Lancaster, Pa., was born in Winnenden, Wurtemberg, Germany, Sept. 13, 1821, a son of John J. and Catherine M. (Beck) Kinzler, who were born, reared and eventually died in the same German town. The father was a millwright and coach manufacturer, and besides Frederick, who is the youngest in the family, he had three other children: Christopher, who- died in America; Gottlob, who was a cloth weaver, and died in Germ^any; and Jacobenia, who married Mr. Frey, and later Mr. Vogel, and died in Philadelphia. In Germany Frederick Kinzler learned the tanners' trade, and followed the same until his immigration to America in 1842. Upon settling in Philadelphia he failed to find work in his chosen line, and so went to Pine Grove, Pa., and worked in a tanner's for a couple of years. A second effort to find work in Philadelphia also resulted in failure and he therefore learned the trade of shoe- making, to which he applied himself imtil his removal to Lancaster in 1849. He was successful as a shoe-maker in his new location, and in 185 1 opened his late business which grew to such pro- portions that he was obliged to hire his shoes made, himself attending to the management thereof. Owing to continued ill health he was compelled to retire from active business in 1898, and upon his daughter, Elizabeth, fell the responsibility hitherto assumed by the father. This arrangement was satisfactorily carried on and under the new state of affairs the store is still recognized as the headquarters for reliable and up-to-date shoes. In 1848, in Philadelphia, Mr. Kinzler married Dorothea Frank, born in Wurtemberg, Germany, Dec. 2, 1827, and died in Lancaster June 30, 1895. Mrs. Kinzler was the daughter of Jacob Frank, a farmer on an extensive scale in Wurtemberg, who had the following children: Carolina, the wife of John Frank, a farmer in Lancaster county; Henry, a shoe merchant in Lancaster; Dorothea; Mary; David; and George, a resident of Germany. To Mr. and Mrs. Kinzler were born the following children: Caroline, the deceased wife of Jacob Deichler, an artist; Frederick, who died at the age of thirty ; Emma, the widow of Frederick Freuend, of Lancaster ; Elizabeth, living at home and manag- ing her father's shoe business ; Louise, deceased at the age of five years ; Anna M., the wife of Alfred Allen, a grocer of Philadelphia; Ella D., who mar- ried Henry Sachs, manager of a cigar manufactory in Lancaster. Mr. Kinzer was a Democrat in politics, and was a member -of the Zion Lutheran church, of which he was treastirer for many years. He was one of the financially sound men of the town, and had an enviable reputation for sobriety, thrift and devotion to the best interests of the com- munity. He died June 12, 1902, and was buried in Woodward Hill cemetery, Lancaster. ABRAHAM E. HAVERSTICK, one of the representative citizens of Lancaster county, has his home in Neffsville, where his manly qualities and genuine worth have made him many friends. Mr. Haverstick was born at Wabank, Jan. 6, 1837, a son of John Haverstick, whose sketch appears elsewhere, and was reared on the family homestead, receiving his education in the common schools, where he learned to write with the old quill pen. Though the schooling of the times was of the crudest character, young Haverstick attended until he was eighteen years old, mostly in the winter season. Mr. Haverstick remained with his father until 1861, when he moved to his farm in Manheim town- ship, on the Fruitville turnpike, four miles from the city of Lancaster, an estate containing ninety- eight acres, being one of the finely imlproved farms of the county. The barn was erected by the elder Haverstick, and Abraham B. himself modernized the home and put up other buildings. His parents spent their last years under the roof of their son. In 1897 Mr. Haverstick erected his present hand- some modem residence at Neffsville, which is a credit to the place. He and his worthy wife are living in retirement. While devoting his active life to the farming of the Manheim place, he owns a farm of 109 acres in Ephrata township, as well as his handsome residence in Neffsville, and is a stockholder and director of the Fruitville Turnpike Company. In the Penn Turnpike Company he is a stockholder, as he is of the Lancaster Chemical Company, in the founding of which he was active. He was at one time a director of the Manheim- Neffsville Mutual Fire 'Insurance Company, and has also been a member of the School Board. Mr. Haverstick was married May 20, 1868, to Catherine, a daughter of Christian and Catherine (Deitrich) Martin. Mrs. Haverstick was bom April 22, 1840, in Warwick township, near Lititz, and is the mother of the following children: Dora A., born May 14, 1869, died Feb. 17, 1872; Steh- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 335 man M., born Sept. 19, 1871, died April 2, 1872; Monroe P., a famier on the homestead in Manheim township, who was born March 24, 1873, married a graduate of Lancaster business college, Salinda Graybill, and has one child, May ; Ciayton' D., born Oct. 2, 1876, a teacher in the public schools of the county, a graduate of the Millersville State Normal School, married Miss Maggie Heist, and is living at Lititz; Mamie, born July 7, 1879, the wife of George Groff, of Manheim township. Mr. and Mrs. Haverstick and their children are members of the Lutheran church, of which he is an elder, and his eldest son a deacon. All the members of this family command the respect and esteem of the community for their worth and character. PROF. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN SHAUB, ex-county superintendent and treasurer and one of the owners of the Lancaster Carpet Company, Inc., dealers in carpets, rugs, mattings, etc., was born April 25, 1841, in Strasburg township, Lancaster county, Pa., son of Benjamin and Susannah (Wade) Shaub, natives of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. Benjamin Shaub, the father, was a farmer in Strasburg township, Lancaster county, where he was a well known and influential, man, highly respected by all who knew him. His death occurred in 1896, when he was eighty years of age, and his wife died in 1899, aged eighty-four years, both dying at Strasburg; they were buried in the Old Mennonite cemetery, as they were members of that denomination and most worthy, Christian people. Five children were born to these parents: Benjamin Franldin ; Amos, a shoe merchant of Lancaster, Pa. ; John, a shoe merchant of Lancaster; Christian, a clothing merchant of Lancaster; Mary, widow of David E. Mayer of Strasburg. The paternal grandfather was John Shaub, and he married Elizabeth Gochenaur. He was a farmer of Provi- dence township, and a man of prominence and influence in the community. The first of the Shaub family to settle in this country was a native of Switzerland. During his boyhood days, Prof. Shaub worked upon his father's farm, attending school during the winter seasons. At the age of eighteen, so ad- vanced was he in his studies, he began teach- ing, and continued as an instructor in the public schools for five years, giving unqualified satisfaction and winning many friends. His first school was at Fairview, in Strasburg township, and at the ex- piration of five years, although only twenty-three, he was offered the position of principal of the high school in Bellefonte, Center county, Pa., which he retained one year, and then entered the Millersville Normal School, from which he was graduated with high honors, in the scientific course, in 1869. In fhat year he was elected Professor of Physics and of German, in the Millersville Normal school, and remained in this position until 187 1, when he resigned to enter upon the study of law, under the preceptorship of Hon. John B. Livingston, Lan- caster, Pennsylvania. In 1872 Mr. Shaub was elected county superin- tendent, and continued in that office for eleven and one-half years. In 1883 he was elected principal of the Millersville Normal school and remained in that position four years. Many important improve- ments were made in the school under his principal- ship, and the tone of the school was kept at high grade. A fine reading room was established, and the entire institution was supplied with water throughout, in a most perfect manner, thus furnishing a basis for many subsequent improve- ments. In 1887 he resigned the principalship, and removed to Lancaster and entered into his present business, with John V. Vondersmith, these two partners continuing alone until 1891, when the concern was incorporated, with Mr. Shaub as treasurer, and Mr. Vondersmith as superintendent. The extensive business connections built up by this organization have placed it among the leading com- mercial houses of Lancaster, and reflect credit upon both Mr. Shaub and his associates. As an educator, Mr, Shaub was a capable and practical man of wide experience and peculiarly adapted for his work. In 1880 he was president of the Pennsylvania State Teachers' Association. In 1875 Franklin and Marshall College conferred upon Mr. Shaub the degree of A. M. ; and in 1885 Lafayette College conferred upon him the degree of Ph. D. As a business man, he has also been successful and the results accomplished by him, demonstrate what can be done by industry and through com- prehension of the details of the work undertaken. Mr. Shaub is married to Alwilda Book, who was born in Strasburg, Pa., a daughter of Michael and Sarah (Spiehlman) Book, of Lancaster county. Pa., where the father was a farmer. These parents were iof Swiss and German descent. One child was born to the union of Mr. and Mrs. Shaub, Miss Miriam, who resides with her parents, is a gradu- ate of the Lancaster high school, and is now teach- ing Latin in Prof. Moore's school for young ladies, Cotta College, Lancaster. The family are members of the M. E. church, in which organization Mr.; Shaub was Sunday-school superintendent for five years, and is now a member of its official board. In politics, he is a Republican, and always takes a deep interest in all matters pertaining to the ad- vancement of the highest ideals in the community. ABRAHAM NEWCOMER, one of the prosperous and best known farmers in Manor town- ship, Lancaster county. Pa., and residing two miles south of Mountville, was born July 8, 1842, and was reared on the old homestead. He was educated in the public schools, and. at nineteen years of age 336 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY began learning the carpenter's trade with Jacob Sneath ; this trade he followed for eight years, and then began farming near Safe Harbor on a tract of thirty-seven acres. Seven years later he purchased forty-two acres of the Lehman farm, to which he at once removed, having sold his farm at Safe Harbor. He passed eighteen years on this new property, then without selling it, returned to the old Newcomer homestead in 1896, on which he lived until the spring of 1899, when he located on his present farm, south of Mountville. He now owns the forty-two-acre Lehman farm, forty acres of the Newcomer homestead, and six and a half acres where he resides near Mountville. In con- junction with general farming he has done con- siderable carpenter work and has erected all his own buildings as occasion required. Mr. Newcomer married, Nov. 10, 1868, Miss Mary Ann Rutt, a native of Lancaster county, and a daughter of David Rutt. To this union have been born nine children, in the following order: Alice, wife of Frank Hershey, of West Hempfield town- ship ; Amos, farming on his father's place and mar- ried to Clara Witmer ; Martha, wife of Milton Mill- house, a farmer of Manor township ; Abraham, also a farmer in Manor township and married to Ellen Dombauch; ]\Iary, Ellen, Elizabeth, David and Annie. • Mr. Newcomer has been an active member of the Mennonite church about twenty-three years* and for a long time has been a member of the official board; in April, 1899, he was made a deacon, and his life has been one of quiet usefulness and industry. The family stand among the county's most worthy and respected citizens, and although unassuming in deportment, 'are effective in their usefulness. EDWARD D. REILLY has within a compara- tively brief career as a member of the Lancaster County Bar established himself among the success- ful representatives of the legal fraternity in his sec- tion. He has already been honored with positions of public trust and private confidence, and in the dis- charge of the duties of these incumbencies has proved himself eminently worthy. Mr. Reilly was born Nov. 25, 1869, in Easton, Pa., youngest son of the late John Reilly, who came to this country from Ireland in 1836. He landed in New York, and made his way soon after to Lan- caster. John Reilly did a vast amount of woi-k as a railroad and bridge builder, imdertaking and carry- ing to successful conclusion many large and im- portant contracts, notable among them being the contract for the Lachine canal, in Canada, the North Pennsjdvania railroad, the Lehigh & Susquehanna Valley railroad, at Easton, the Easton & Amboy railroad, the Chestnut street bridge, at Philadelphia, and many hardly less notable undertakings. For some time he was associated with the late Richard McGrann, the father of B. J. McGrann, the firm being Reilly & McGrann. Mr. Reilly died at Easton, Pa., at the age of fifty-four years, at the very prime of his manhood and business ability. The family came to Lancaster in 1875, and there they have since remained. John Reilly had six brothers, all of whom came to the United States, rising to prominence as con- tractors. Dennis Reilly, one of the brothers, was a leading ironmaster at Easton, Pa. John Reilly was married, in 1856, to Mary, daughter of Thomas Wallace, for years the keeper of an old-time inn at Htmtingdon, famous in the days before the railroad as a stopping-place for travelers by stage and coach. Mr. Wallace passed away full of years and honor at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Reilly, in Lancaster, in 1889, when ninety years of age. Mr. and Mrs. John Reilly became the parents of the following family: (i) John B., a railroad and bridge builder of Lancaster; (2) T. Wallace, now a member of the wholesale grocery firm of M. S. Miller & Co., of Lancaster; (3) Richard M., of Reilly Bros. & Raub; (4) William H., deceased, formerly of Reilly Bros. & Raub; (5) Mary and (6) Elizabeth, both of whom are at home with their mother; (7) Edward D., mentioned below; and (8) Margaret, the wife of the Hon. J. Hay Brown, Judge of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. Edward D. Reilly was educated in the public schools of Lancaster, graduating from the high school in 1885. He attended Mt. St. Mary's College at Emmitsburg, Md., from which hd was graduated in June, 1888, and the following year entered upon a business career. In the fall of 1889 he began the study of law with John A. Coyle, and was admitted to practice Dec. 20, 1892. In 1892 and during the two ensuing years he was president of the Young Men's Democratic Society, and in 1896 was elected a mem- ber of the city council from the Second ward by a majority of two votes. In 1897 and 1900 he was elected to the school board, and has been chairman of the Judiciary committee of that body since his first election. Belonging to St. Mary's Catholic Church, he is serving on the board of St. Mary's Orphan Asylum. Mr. Reilly is connected with a number of Catholic societies, holding membership in St. Michael's Beneficial Union, of which he was president for two years ; the Leo XIII Society ; the Knights of St. John ; and the Pennsylvania C. B. L. Mr. Reilly was married, Dec. 29, 1897, to Miss Katharine Eugenie, daughter of A. F. and Emily Keating, of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. A Democrat in politics, and a warm supporter of Bryan, Mr. Reilly is recognized as one of the leading young Democrats of Lancaster county, and has fre- quently been a delegate to county and State conven- tions, being the county committeeman at the present time from the Second ward. During his preparation for the law Mr. Reilly acted as a reporter for a great part of the time on the Lancaster Examiner, until his press of work in making ready for the final examination compelled him to devote all his time to / H BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 387 study. During this time, and since his entrance upon professional life, Mr. Reilly has developed marked ability as a writer of strong and forcible English. As a lawyer, a large success has attended his efforts. Liberal in his views and practice, a fine conver- sationalist, and possessed of a kindly and genial na- ture, Mr. Reilly has developed rapidly in his pro- fessional and social relations, and gives every prom- ise of a brilliant future. CHRISTIAN LEFEVER, himself a promi- nent resident of West Lampeter township, Lan- caster county, descends from one of the old and honored families of the county. Isaac Lefever, the great-great-grandfather of Christian, was the founder of this family in America.. He came frorri Strasburg, in Alsace-Lorraine, and landed in New York, coming at a. later date to Lancaster, where he secured many hundred acres of land. Still later he bought a tract of 400 acres, though described in the deed as consisting of 350 acres. This was divided, and the part on which the family home was erected has descended to Christian Lefever. It comprises about a hundred acres, and a nephew, Martin Lefever, owns 155 acres. The remainder of the vast property held by the American ancestor of the family has passed out of the hands of his descendants. Phillip Lefever, the son of Isaac, received by deed his large property in West Lampeter township, the consideration being "natural love and affection." Adam Lefever was the grandfather of Christian, and was born on the old homestead, where Christian is now living. His death in 18 15 carried him away at the age of sixty-eight years. A farmer all his life, he was a man of industry and character, and reared a family of thirteen children: Henry, the father of Christian; Adam; Philip; John; Daniel; George ; Samuel ; Peter ; Jacob ; Catherine, wife of Henry Mandebach; Elizabeth, who married Daniel Esbenshade; Esther, who married Jacob Rothfen; Mary, wife of Dr. Peter Lefever. Henry Lefever, noted above, was born April 11, 1772, and died in Sept. 1844. His active life began as a day laborer and wood chopper. For a short time he was in the building business, and as he had become somewhat prosperous, he bought a small farm, and engaged in the cultivation of the soil. When rather advanced in years he bought 200 acres from the estate, and when he died was quite wealthy. His business judgment and personal probity were highly regarded by his fellow towns- men, and several estates were put into his hands to settle. Many local offices were filled by him, and he was considered one of the leading men of the town. Henry Lefever married Miss Elizabeth Hess, a daughter of Christian Hess ; she died early in life, leaving two children : Christian, whose name introduces this article ; and Adam, a farmer in West Lampeter township, now dead. The father was a member of the Old Mennonite church. 22 Christian Lefever was born Nov. 24, 1823, and received his education in the public schools. His father dying while he was still a boy, Christian took charge of the farm before he was twenty-one, and from that time to the present has had charge of the family homestead, comprising a hundred acres, which has now passed into his ownership. Follow- ing in the line of his ancestral character and industry, he has become one of the leading men of the community in which he lives. His farm now comprises 192 acres of the best land Lancaster county, the garden of the state, affords. He is also a director in the Farmers' Bank and the Lancaster County Bank in the city of Lancaster. Since 1899, on account of failing health, he has been compelled to give up many of his business associations, and lives very much retired. Mr. Lefever takes an active interest in local affairs, and from time to time has filled many of the town offices. His property is kept up in the best of shape, and he has erected on his farm three different sets of farm buildings. Mr. Lefever was married in 1853 to Annie a daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Brackbill) Houser, by whom he has had the following family : Jacob, who died just prior to his graduation in medicine; Annie, who died at the age of twenty ■ years ; Christian E., who died about the age of twenty-four years, remembered as one of the bright and promising young men of the county ; Elizabeth, married to W. B. Gontner, a farmer on the old homestead; Harry L., married to Frances E. Harnish, and living in Lancaster township. Mr. and Mrs. Lefever belong to the Old Mennonite church, and are highly esteemed by those who know them best, for their many good qualities and genuine worth. LEVI S. HACKER (deceased), at one time a conspicuous and central figure in Lititz, Lancaster county, was a native of the borough of Ephrata, in that county, and was born Sept. 7, 1822. His father was Jacob Hacker and his mother bore the maiden name of Steiner. He was educated in his native borough, where he also made his first busi- ness venture while still a very young man, by opening a dry goods store. A short time afterwards, however, he disposed of this business and went to Philadelphia, and engaged in dry goods jobbing at the corner of Third and Market streets, in connec- tion with a Mr. Riegel and a Mr, Conrad, under the firm name of Hacker, Riegel & Conrad; this style was maintained for nineteen years, when Mr. Hacker returned to Lititz and entered the lumber trade with Mr. Beckler under the firm name of Hacker & Beckler. This firm continued for many years, when Mr. Beckler withdrew to accept a position in the Lititz National Bank. Mr. Hacker then relinquished his retail department, but still continued the wholesale business until his death, Feb. 22, 1889. 338 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY In the death of Mr. Hacker, Lititz and Lan- caster county lost a most useful and valuable citi- zen,, although he took no active part in politics, neither did he unite with any of the secret societies, preferring the companionship of the wife and children and the comforts of his home to those of any club or society organization. He was, how- ever, an active member of the Reformed church and an ardent worker in the Sabbath-school, and for years was a Sabbath-school teacher. While a resi- dent of Philadelphia he was a member and trustee of Dr. Willitt's church, but after returning to Lititz he and his family attended the Moravian church as the Reformed society had no church edifice in this borough. Mr. Hacker married, Aug. i8, 1859, Miss Lavinia L. Arndt, a daughter of Philip and Eliza- beth (P>artruff) Arndt, of Manheim, and this mar- riage was blessed with three children, the eldest of whom died in infancy; Mary, wife of Haydn Miksch, and Ella, wife of Martin Hess, are both residents of Lititz. No family in this borough is more, respected than that of the deceased Levi S. Hacker, and no gentleman was ever more highly esteemed for his many personal virtues than Mr. Hacker himself. SAMUEL C. STEVENSON, a well known and successful business man of Mt. Nebo, Martic township, is a native of that township, born Jan. 20, 1842, son of John and Elizabeth (Doulin) Stevenson. John Stevenson, the father, was born in Martic township, Dec. i, 1807, and died in 1896. His wife was born in 1809 and died in 1855. They were married in 1829 and had a family of nine children, six of whom grew to maturity, viz. : Mary S., the widow of John B. Appleton, of Martic township ; Harriet Ann, the wife of Gilbert Smith., of Phila- delphia; Samuel C, of this sketch; Matilda H., deceased ; William E., in the West ; and Elizabeth, of Philadelphia. John Stevenson was a son of Samuel, a grandson of Samuel, and a great-grand- son of John Stevenson. In politics he was a Demo- crat. He belonged to the Presbyterian church, and was a man who was honored and respected in the community. Samuel C. Stevenson was reared on the farm and acquired his education in the public schools. In 1858 he commenced to learn the cabinet-making trade and the undertaking business, and has follow- ed both in Mount Nebo up to the present time. On May 7, 1863, Mr. Stevenson was united in marriage with Miss Mary Clark, daughter of Thomas Clark, born Aug. 25, 1842, and this union has been blessed with two children, namely : George E., who is now a resident of Mount Nebo; and Emma D., who is the \\-ife of W. W. Erb, of Martic township, more extended mention of whom will be found in another part of this volume. In politics, ]Mr. Stevenson has long been an influential member of the Democratic party and has efficiently served his township as assessor and justice of the peace. Mr. Stevenson has been particularly active and useful in the Mount Nebo Methodist church, serving as steward of that body and for many years as superintendent of the Sun- day-school. He is also identified with a number of the leading fraternal societies, notably Lodge No. 374, of Rawlinsville, I. O. O. F. ; Lodge No. 423, K. of P., of Rawlinsville, and also of the Mystic Chain of Mount Nebo. Mr. .Stevenson is a man who commands the esteem, respect and confidence of his community, as he is honorable and upright in his dealings, is a worthy citizen, a true friend, a model Christian and kind husband and father. HENRY PATTON, general farmer and ex- carpenter in Salisbury township, w"as born one-half mile from his present home, Dec. 4, 1838, son of Linton and Elizabeth (Reel) Patton, the former of whom died in Jan. 1867, aged seventy-one years. The latter died in 1879, at the age of eighty years, and they were interred in the Pequea Presbyterian church cemetery. Henry Patton grew up on the farm and remained at home assisting his father until the outbreak of the Civil war. With other loyal defenders of his country's flag, he enlisted in Lancaster, Aug. 19, 1861, in Co. A, 79th P. V. I., for three years and served valiantly under Captains William K. Kerdrig and James L. Benson. jN.lr. Patton's service was a hard one and he still has reminders of it from a musket ball wound in the left thigh, the ball never having been found. This wound necessitated a stay in the hospital from October until Christmas, when he rejoined his company at Stone River. He participated in many very serious battles, beginning with that of Perryville, where he was wounded. Stone River and Chickamauga. He was with Gen. Sherrrian's forces in Georgia and was discharged Oct. 3, 1864, at Atlanta. In March, 1865, at Philadelphia, Mr. Patton enlisted in Co. F., First Army Corps, U. S. Yet. Vol. and served through one year and was then honorably discharged at Madison, Wisconsin. Upon his return home, Mr. Patton resumed work as a carpenter, which trade he had previously learned, following it three years prior to his enlist- ment, and for twenty years he worked in this part of Lancaster county, becoming known as one of the most reliable men in his line in the locality. Since retiring from his trade, he has successfully followed farming, proving himself as excellent a farmer as he .was soldier and builder. In politics i\Ir. Patton is a Democrat. ANDREW KRAY (deceased). One of the most highly esteemed citizens of Lancaster, Pa., was Andrew Krav, whose death took place on Nov. 18, 1899. His life was one filled with good works and BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 339 kind actions, and his memory is held in reverence by his descendants. He amassed a competency for his family, set them a most estimable example and in every sense was a devoted father and husband, a kind neighbor and friend and a most excellent citizen. Mr. Kray was born in Waldalgesheim, Germany, on April i8, 1832, and was a son of Peter Kray, who passed his life in Germany. The family of Peter Kray consisted of the following children : Peter, who is a retired shoe manufacturer, in Lancaster; Fred, who was a gardener by trade, died in Coleman, Ala. ; Andrew, of this sketch ; Margaret, who was the wife of Ernest Hankte, died in Germany, while Andrew Kray was on a visit there; Elizabeth, who lives on the old family homestead in the house which was built in 1706. Andrew Kray served his apprenticeship to the trade of shoe-maker, and followed that in his own country until 1853, when he emigrated to America. He joined other Germans who had previously located in Lancaster, Pa., and worked industriously until within a few years of his death, when he retired from activity. He was a quiet, unassuming man, and was particularly fond of his home and friends. The attachment which continued to exist through life, to his most estimable wife, was a most beautiful trait in his character. For years they were almost inseparable, attending to home duties' and outside business in companionship. The devoted wife was called first from earth, and it seemed as if the strong bond of affection existing between them enabled her to foresee the date of his decease, which took place as she predicted, and the father and mother of the four surviving children, lie side by side in St. Anthony's cemetery. On June 12, 1855, Mr. Kray married Margaret Kaber, in Lancaster. She was born Dec. 2, 1822, in Braunweiller, Germany, a daughter of John Kaber, who was a farmer there. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Kaber were: Elizabeth, who mar- ried Peter Sheid, died in Lancaster; Agnes, who married John Kaber, died in Germany; Katherine, who married John Long, died in Germany; Emma, who married Nicolaus Wies, died in Germany; Nicholas, died in Germany; Christian, who died in Germany; and Margaret, who married Mr. Kray. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Kray were: Peter, who died in infancy; John, who died in infancy; Andrew F., who is a retired printer and shoe manu- facturer, resides in Lancaster; Mary, who married August Geiger, a confectioner and grocer in Lan- caster; John A., who married Helen Hebrank, is a shoe manufacturer in Lancaster ; Barbara and Fred, both of whom died in infancy, and Catherine M., who married Joseph Geiger, who is a shoe manu- facturer in Lancaster. Mr. and Mrs. Kray reared this family carefully and well, educated them and lived to see them honored and respected members of society. Mr. Kray was one of the founders of St. Anthony's church and was always liberal in his benefactions to it. At the time of his death he was connected with a number of beneficiary societies, namely: St. Peter's, St. Joseph's, Conestoga, Shillows and Fulton, thus showing his, interest in the welfare of those to come after him. In politics he was a Democrat. Mr. Kray was very well known in Lancaster and was universally esteemed. JACOB N. NEWCOMER, a retired farmer, now living at Salunga, West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, was born in Rapho township in July, 1834, a son of Christian and Catherine (Niss- ley) Newcomer, both of whom were native to the soil of Lancaster county. Jacob N. Newcomer was married in 1858, in Lancaster, Pa., to Barbara Weidman. There were born to this imion nine children: (l) Amos W., now living on the old homestead, was married Oct. 25, 1883, to Mary S. Snyder, and to their union have come the following children : Fanny S., Ada S., Harvey S., and Jacob. (2) David W., who lives at Quarryville, married Susan Musser, by whom he had Melvin, Irwin, Bertha, Ray, Cora, Frank, Ka- tie and BarTjara. (3) Fanny W. married H. N. Bair, of West Hempfield township, and is the mother of Norman and Frances. (4) Alice W. married John E. Garber, of West Donegal township, by whom he has had these children, Stella, Paris, Barbara, Alice, Jonas and Rhoda. (5) Levi W. is single, and lives at home. (6) Jacob W. married Mary Beamderfer, of East Donegal township, by whom he had the fol- lowing children, Elmer, Esther, Barbara, Alice and Oscar. (7) John W. married Kate Kreider, of Mt. Joy township, by whom he has had the following children, Ira K., Clayton K., Lizzie K., and Hannah May K. (8) Barbara W. married Ira Longe- necker, a farmer of East Donegal township. (9) Ezra W. lives in Mt. Joy, Pa., and his history is found on another page. Jacob N. Newcomer came to his present farm shortly before his marriage, and here he remained until April, 1901, when he moved to Salunga, to pass his declining years in that peace and rest which his honest and useful life has so well merited. In his more active years he took a prominent part in local affairs, served three terms as supervisor, and took a leading part in the affairs of the Republican party. In religion he was a member of the Mennonite Church, and was a man of virtue, honesty and sim- ple and unaffected piety. Amos W. Newcomer, a general farmer on the old family homestead, where he was born March 6, 1861, has made a marked success in his somewhat limited career as an independent and progressive farmer. Mrs. Mary S. (Snyder) Newcomer was born in East Donegal township Sept. 18, 1861, a daughter of Christian and Fannie (Stauffer) Snyder, of East and West Donegal townships. Her parents died on the farm where her father was born. He was an 340 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY industrious and enterprising man, and retired from active labor some seven years prior to his death Sept. 2, 1886, at the age of sixty-eight. His wife passed to her rest in September, 1863, at the early age of thirty-four years. They were buried in Kray- bill's cemetery; both belonged to the Mennonite Church, and lived in a modest and simple manner, in close harmony with the tenets of their faith. These were their children : Jacob, a retired farmer in Mt. Joy; Mary, who is Mrs. Newcomer. Mr. Snyder was twice married, his first wife being Mary Garber, by whom he had : Levi G., who died young ; John G., now a retired farmer in Mt. Joy ; Anna G., who married Christian Newcomer, a farmer in Ra- phe township ; Henry G., a farmer in Warwick township ; Christian G., a farmer in West Donegal township. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. New- comer were Henry and Maria (Witmer) Snyder, of Lancaster county. Amos W. Newcomer remained on the farm where he is now found, until after his marriage, when he removed to East Donegal township, where he spent eight years. In Mt. Joy township he was then established, and there he remained until 1901. That year he returned to his early home; and here he is doing well. For five years he was auditor of Mt. Joy township, and his business abilities and manly qualities have combined with his industrious habits and marked personal integrity to make him popular and friendly. All the family are connected with the Mennonite Church. In politics he is Re- publican, and takes a leading part in the develop- ment of the local interests. His name well deserves a place in a book like this devoted to the history of the men Avho do things in Lancaster county. GEORGE NELSON REYNOLDS, general agent of the Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company, is not only one of the most prominent figures in business, political and social circles in Lan- caster, but he belongs to a family who were among the early and very distinguished settlers of this countr)^. (I) Robert Reynolds, who was born in England, emigrated to Boston, Mass., in 1630. His death oc- curred there April 27, 1659. His wife Mary, who accompanied him to this country, died in Boston, Jan. 18, 1663. (II) Capt. Nathaniel Reynolds, son of Robert, was born in England, and came to America with his father in 1630. He was a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Boston, join- ing in 1658. In 1655 he was a constable, and from 1663 to i6q2 was sealer of leather and inspector of transportation of hides. During King Philip's war he served as captain, and in 1675-76 he was in com- mand of the garrison at Chelmsford, Mass. The homestead which he erected, on Milk street, near the old South Church, Boston, was willed to his eldest son, Nathaniel. Capt. Reynolds was twice married. On Nov. 30, 1657, he wedded Sarah Dwight, daugh- ter of John Dwight, of Dedham, Mass., and she died July 8, 1663. His second wife was Priscilla Brack- ett, daughter of Peter Brackett, of Boston. After his second marriage he removed to Bristol, R. I., of which town he was one of the founders, and he died there July 10, 1708. His descendants by his second wife still live there. (III) Nathaniel Reynolds, mentioned above as the eldest son of Capt. Nathaniel, was born in Bos- ton March 3, 1662, and passed the greater part of his life in the old home on Milk street. His wife's name was Ruth. He died probably at Marblehead, Mass., at the home of his son John. (IV) Nathaniel Reynolds, son of Nathaniel (2), was born Jan. 14, 1693, and died in Boston in 1740. He married, in 1712, Mary Snell, daughter of Thomas Snell, who came from England. (V) Nathaniel Reynolds, Esq., son of Nathaniel (3), was born in Boston March 19, 1718, and with his mother moved to Bridgewater, Mass., where he was the first justice of the peace. He died at Vassal- boro, Maine, in 1807. His first wife, whom he mar- ried in 1739, was Hannah Hartwell, a daughter of Samuel Hartwell, and she died at North Bridge- water, Mass., Aug. 12, 1742. (VI) Philip Reynolds, son of Nathaniel (4), was born in North Bridgewater Sept. 19, 1740, and died in January, 1775. He married Oct. 29, 1765, Han- nah Packard, daughter of David Packard, and she died May 23, 1831. Philip Reynolds was a private in Capt. Dunbar's com.pany on the expedition to Crown Point, in the French and Indian war, in 1762. (VII) William Reynolds, son of Philip, was born in North Bridgewater June 23, 1767, and died at Winthrop, Maine, in 1854. He married Nov. 3, 1 79 1, Martha Snell, who was born at North Bridge- water Dec. 18, 1769, and died in Garland, Maine, in 1847. She was a daughter of Capt. Zebedee Snell and his wife Martha Howard. Capt. Snell was in Col. Mitchell's regiment in the Revolutionary war. (VIII) Nathan Reynolds, son of WilHam, was born in North Bridgewater, Mass., in 1796, and died at Lewiston, Maine, Nov. 4, 1858. He married Nov. 10, 1815, Betsey Briggs, who was born at Minot, Maine, June 18, 1794, and died at Lewiston, Nov. 4, 1856. Through her mother, Betsey Bradford, she was a descendant of Gov. William Bradford, of the Plymoxith Colony, and through her nine of the peo- ple who came over on the "Mayflower" are in this family's connection, namely: Gov. William Brad- ford ; Richard Warren and his wife Elizabeth ; El- der William Brewster and wife and son, Love Brew* ster; John Alden, who married Priscilla Mullen; and William Mullen and wife. (IX) Major Nelson Briggs Reynolds, son of Nahan, was born in Lewiston, Maine, Mav 16, 1819, and died in Auburn, that State, Feb. 6, '1898. He married Nov. 28, 1839, Harriet Andrews Chase, who was born in Portland, Maine, Aug. 20, 1820, and died in Auburn, same State, Jan. 11, 1895. Major Reynolds was a merchant by occupation. He was I ^^^Jz:^^l^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 341 a very prominent man, politically was a Democrat, and by appointment from President Polk became the first postmaster at Lewiston. For manv years he was a member of the State central comrnittee, and he was long a popular and wise adviser of his party. His title of major he held by virtue of his commis- sion in the State militia. In his religious belief he was a Congregationalist. Socially he was active in the I. O. O. F. Mrs. Harriet Andrews (Chase) Reynolds was a daughter of Capt. Benjamin Tap- pan Chase, a sea captain, who died at sea, of yellow fever, in 1820. He was a captain in a Massachu- setts regiment in the war of 1812. This family of Chases is traced back to 1570, and the record is com- plete. They were among the earliest settlers of New England, and among the distinguished members of the family was Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase. Among Mrs. Reynolds' other ancestors were Robert Hicks, of Tortunth, Gloucestershire, England, a lineal descendant of Sir Ellis Hicks, who was knighted by the Black Prince on the battle-field of Poitiers, in 1356 ; Col. Joshua Wingate, of Hampton, N. H., who was in the famous siege of Louisbourg, in 1745 ; and also the Andrews family, of Revolu- tionary fame ; and the Leonard family, one of whom, Major Thomas Leonard, in 1660 started the iron works in Taunton, Mass., which, owned by him and his children, became not only the oldest but for years the leading works in New England (he was a de- scendant of Thomas Leonard, Earl of Sussex, Eng- land, and also of Sir Roger Finnes). Major Nelson Briggs Reynolds and his wife were the parents of seven children, three of whom are now living. (X) George Nelson Reynolds, their eldest son, was born in Lewiston, Maine, Oct. 30, 1842, and was educated at the Lewiston Falls Acad- emy, which his grandfather founded, and was grad- uated from there, fitting for college. In 1859 he entered into business in the city of New York, in the store of Stone, Bowman & Bliss, large cloth com- mission merchants, remaining five years in the great metropolis. His next business location was in Mil- waukee, Wis., where he was engaged in the life in- surance business, with the Manhattan Life Insur-^ ance Company of New York, and he remained there for the succeeding five years as their general agent for Wisconsin and Minnesota, making his next change to Philadelphia, where he took charge of Pennsylvania and Delaware; he remained in that service for five years, at the expiration of that time becoming associated with the great Northwestern as one of their general agents. It was on Oct. 10, 187^, that Mr. Reynolds. be- came connected with this great insurance company, and one and one-half years later he removed to Lan- caster, where he has ever since remained, and where he has become one of the most prominent figures in business circles, and has been prominently identified also with its social and political life. What he has accomplished here, during these years, for the com- pany which he so ably represents, is best told in the Insurance Register, of Philadelphia, an authority in such matters, in its issue of Thursday, Oct. 18, 1900, from which we quote : "George N. Reynolds is the oldest life underwriter in Lancaster, in point of con- tinuous service, and unquestionably the most able and successful. He is the general agent for the Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company, of Milwaukee, Wis., and has under his charge twenty- counties in the central portion of Pennsylvania. He has been connected with the Northwestern Mutual Life for twenty-two years, during all of which term he has been a resident of Lancaster. "When Mr. Reynolds assumed his duties with the Northwestern, it had in force throughout the entire district only twelve policies, and these were held by parties who had removed from other loca- tions. That he does by far the bulk of life under- writing in the section is self-evident, from the fact that his average monthly premium collections foot up $30,000, and the business secured is mainly from well-to-do business and professional men and farm- ers, in policies for large amounts. His remarkable success is not only due to his natural talents being particularly adapted to insurance, and to his genial and sterling characteristics, which gain the good graces of every one with whom he comes in touch ; it may in a large measure be attributed to zealously devoting his undivided efforts to the furtherance of the interests of the company with which he is identi- fied." This is certainly a record to be proud of, and yet, with all these efforts in behalf of the insurance com- pany, Mr. Reynolds has found time to serve the best interests of his city, his church and his social or- ganizations, and to become prominent in all of them. For nine years he served as a member of the Lan- caster school board, and during that time he was on the Book, Superintending and other important com- mittees ; was president for two terms of the Young Men's Democratic Society, which he was largely in- strumental in putting into prominent position in its earlier history ; director and secretary of the Hamil- ton Club ; was named and urged for the position of mayor of Lancaster ; has been for years a vestryman in St. James Episcopal Church, of which he is junior warden; trustee and secretary of Yeates Institute; trustee of the Bishopthorpe School for Girls, in South Bethlehem ; trustee of the Christmas Fund of the Diocese of Central Pennsylvania, a fund that supports aged clergymen of the Episcopal Church; for years a delegate to church conventions ; for years member of the Masonic fraternity, 32d degree; di- rector of the Lancaster & Susquehanna Turnpike Company; president of Elm Lawn cemetery, Buf- falo, N. Y. ; and last, but by no means least, a mem- ber of the New England Society of Philadelphia, and in 1899 was honored with election to member- ship in the Society of Colonial Wars, New York. During the year of 1864 he was a volunteer aid on Gen. Howard's staff and saw active service. On Nov. 7, 1865, Mr. Reynolds was married, in 342 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY New York City, to Miss Helen Koues, who was born in New Orleans, La., daughter of Theodore M. and Louise Henderson Monroe (Board) Koues. Theodore M. Koues was a native of Portsmouth, N. H., and among his lineal ancestors were Govs. John Winthrop and Thomas Dudley, the first and second governors of Massachusetts Bay Colony; Roger Harlakenden, one of the leading early settlers of the Colony; and Col. Edward Hilton, founder of Exeter, N. H. The ancestral lines of the Dudleys and Harlakendens run back to William the Con- queror, and include many names famous in English history. The house of Dudley was founded by Baron Dudley, who died in 1488. Theodore M. Koues was a merchant in New Orleans when he married, in New York City, Louise Henderson Monroe Board, a granddaughter of Major David Board (paymaster of New Jersey troops in the war of the Revolution "I and of Lieut. William Leaycraft (a lieutenant in Col. Lamb's artillery regiment in the Revolution, and one of the original members of the Society of the Cincinnati) . Mrs. Koues' mother was a Bogert, and among her ancestors were Gen. Jo- hannes De la Montague and many others of the leading Dutch and Huguenot settlers of New Am- sterdam. To Mr. and Mrs. Reynolds were born five chil- dren, as follows : (i) Mary Leaycraft, born in New York Sept. i, 1866, died in Milwaukee, Wis., Jan. 24, 1867. (2) Nelson Bradford, born in Milwaukee Dec. 25, 1870, died in New York City in 1894. (3) Louise Bogert, born in Philadelphia June 5, 1872, married Benjamin Franklin Fisher, Jr., son of Gen. B. F. Fisher, of Philadelphia. They have one son, Malcolm Leaycraft, and are living in Washington, D. C. (4) George Koues, born in Philadelphia Oct. I, 1875, finished his education at State College, Pa., and is now engaged in the insurance business with his father. (5) Frank Winthrop, born in Lan- caster July 29, 1882, is a member of the class of 1904, L^niversity of Pennsylvania, where he is pur- suing an architectural course. Mrs. Re5molds is a member of the Gov. Thomas Dudley Family Association of Boston, and is vice- regent of Donegal Chapter (Lancaster), Daughters of the American Revolution. She has always been prominent in church work and social circles. Mr. and Mrs. Reynolds live in an elegant home at No. 231 North Duke street, Lancaster, and their hos- pitable mansion is a favorite center for the gathering of the brightest and best of the people. JOHN G. SNAVELY. Among the veterans of the Pennsylvania railway service in Columbia, none perhaps is better known or more popular than John G. Snavely, a trainman for nearly thirty consecu- tive years, who did not retire from the active life to which he was so closely attached until he met with a severe accident, from the effects of which he re- mained in a hospital nearly a year. Mr. Snavely was born in Lampeter, Lancaster county, Aug. 22, 1839, son of Christian and Eliza (Howry) Snavely, and grandson of John and Esther (Hoover) Snavely, and great-grandson of Nathaniel and Catherine (Auport) Hoover, early settlers in East Lampeter township. Eliza Howry, wife of Christian Snavely, was a daughter of Samuel and Catherine (Keeport) Howry, and granddaughter of Daniel and Franey (Miller) Keeport, of West Lam- peter township. Samuel Howry died in 1878 and his wife m 1892. They had two sons and three daughters, (i) Daniel died unmarried in 1866. (2) Christian was a tailor, living five miles south of Lancaster; he died in 1900. (3) Eliza. (4) Fannie, who died in i860, was the wife of Martin Brubaker, of Strasburg, now deceased, and had three sons and two daughters : Jesse, who died from a wound re- ceived while serving in the navy ; Elam, now living in Mapleshade, N. J., and in business at 14 North Third street, Philadelphia; Frank, in the produce business in Philadelphia; Eliza Ann, wife of John Sides, of Strasburg, now living in Philadelphia; and Amanda, who married William Rohrer, of Strasburg, deceased, and who now lives at 2122 North Fifth street, Philadelphia. She and her hus- band both belonged to the M. E. Church. (5) Bar- bara married George W. King in 1855, at Lampeter. They removed to Sandusky, Ohio, where he was cleric for the Sandusky Railroad. Later he engaged in the hardware trade in Marion, Ohio, and was quite prominent in business circles there. Mr. King died in 189-. His wife, so far as is known, is still living in Marion. Both belonged to the Congrega- tional Church. They had two daughters and one son. One daughter and the son are married and liv- ing in Marion. The Snavely family was founded in Lancaster county by two brothers, natives of Germany, who on account of religious persecution had fled to Switzer- land, and who migrated from Basel to America. John Snavely, the grandfather of John G., was a distiller in his younger days, following farming later in life. Christian Snavely, the father, acquired the trade of blacksmith in his youth, and later conducted a gener- al implement, blacksmith and wagon business at Lampeter, Lancaster county, until the autumn of 1844, when he went to Strasburg. In 1845, owing to ill health,. he was compelled to retire from active life. He died three years later, in Sept., 1848, at Strasburg, Lancaster county, at the early age of thirty-two years. His widow Eliza survived until March, 1896, dying at Lancaster at the age of sev- enty-six years. Christian Snavely was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and his wife was a Mennonite. Their children were as follows : John G. ; Frances E., of Columbia, widow of George W. Keene, who had been clerk of the orphans' court; and Hiram H., superintendent of the gas company at Bellevue, Ohio. John G. was a lad of nine years when he was orphaned by the death of his father. The next eight years of his life were spent on the farm of his BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 343 grandfather, John Snavely. Then at the age of seventeen years he went to New York City to assist his uncle, engaged in the shirt business. Six months later the disastrous panic of 1857 swept over the land and Mr. Snavely returned to Lancaster. He began work as a carpenter but the panic had para- lyzed industry at Lancaster and the following year he spent on a farm. Resuming the trade of carpen- ter, he worked two and ' a half years. He was then employed for three and a half years by N. Gillespie & Son, lumber and coal merchants at Bird-in-Hand, Lancaster county, followed by six months employment with Bruner & Co., ^coal mer- chants at Columbia. His long career as trainman on the Pennsyl- vania railroad then began. For nine months he served as freight brakeman and was then promoted to flagman. Eighteen months later he became con- ductor and in that capacity served the railway com- pany continuously for twenty-seven years. On July 6, 1893, on the Amboy division, both his limbs were crushed and broken in a train collision. He was taken to the Presbyterian hospital at Philadel- phia, where he remained ten months. He was then sent home, but for ten months longer he was con- fined to his bed. For fourteen months he used crutches and is now able to walk with the use of a cane. Mr. Snavely married Dec. 26, i860, at Lancas- ter, Pa., Miss Emma Keene, who was born in Dru- more township, Lancaster county, Feb. 5, 1842, daughter of Daniel and Elizabeth (McCullough) Keene. Daniel Keene was a wagon builder, and died in 1848, his wife surviving until 1866, passing away at the age of sixty-six years. The children of Dan- iel and Elizabeth Keene were : Henry, a farmer of Cecil county, Md. ; George W., who was a soldier in the Civil war, and died in 1883 ; Joseph, who also served in the army and was drowned in the Susque- hanna river in 1867: Eliza, widow of Benjamin Rhieiieer, of Eden township ; Susan, deceased wife of Peter Eberly, of Strasburg; Barbara, who died quite young; Amanda, who married Isaac B. Myers, of Lancaster county; Mary Anna, wife of William Creswell, both of whom died in Cecil coun- ty, Md., at an advanced age; Sarah, who married Samuel Peters ; and Emma, wife of Mr. Snavely. To Mr. and Mrs. Snavely were born six chil- dren, namely: Christian K., who married Anna Evans and is vice-president of the Columbia Shade Cloth Co., New York City ; Hiram E., who married Olive Eager and died April 13, 1890; John J., a railway superintendent at New Haven, Conn. ; Al- bert E., who married Mary E. Eagle, and is a mail carrier at Columbia ; George M., who married Flor- ence Powell and is a telegraph operator at West Haven, Conn. ; and Armeda, who died March 7, 1900, aged seventeen years. In politics Mr. Snavely is a Republican. He is a prominent Mason of Columbia and a member of the K. G. E. In religious faith he is a member of the Reformed Chiirch. Plis long service on the Penn- sylvania road is evidence of his sterling traits of character, and he has ever been recognized as one of Columbia's most representative and prominent citizens. MICHAEL R. GOOD, a general farmer and the proprietor of a greenhouse and truck garden near New Holland, was born in Earl township Sept. 8, 1837, and is a son of Michael and Ann M. (Ranck) Good, of Earl and Caernarvon townships, respec- tively. In. his younger days the father was a team- ster between Pittsburg and Philadelphia. In 1843 he removed to New Holland, where he spent his re- maining years. He became a farmer and huckster, and did well. For many years he held public posi- tions, being at different times supervisor, assessor and collector. His death occurred in April, 1871, when he was seventy- four. His wife died in 1889; she was born in 1800. Both were buried in the cem- etery at Groffdale. He never accumulated much property but held a prominent position in the com- munity. Michael Good and his wife were the parents of the following family : Elizabeth, who married James Rutherford, and is dead ; Ann M., who is the widow of A. J. Bowers, and lives in New Holland ; Leah, who is the widow of John Musselman, and lives at Bareville, Pa. ; Delilah, the widow of Henry Ra- sor, of New Holland, Pa. ; Anna, who married Ed- ward Bucklin in California, where she died; Cath- erine, who died young ; Michael R. ; Moses R., de- ceased ; Martin R., married, and a farmer in Salis- bury township. The paternal grandfather of Michael R. Good was Jacob Good, a farmer of Earl township, Lancas- ter county, who married a Miss Martin. The mater- nal grandparents of Mr. Good were Michael and Elizabeth (Weaver) Ranck, farming people of Lan- caster county, Pennsylvania. Michael R. Good was married in 1871, in New Holland, to Mahala Kling, by whom he has had the following children: Mary C., who died at the age of two years and seven months ; Michael D., who is unmarried and living at home. Mrs. Mahala (Kling) Good, who was born in Earl township, died in Nov. 1898, at the age of sixty-five years. Her ashes rest in the cemetery connected with the Re- formed Church at New Holland. Mr. Good spent the first twelve years of his life under the parental roof. At that age he started otit for himself, and was employed among the neigh- boring farmers until he was seventeen. At that age he entered a wheelwright shop in Upper Leacock township, which was under the management of Ja- cob Hoover, with whom he remained three and a half years. After working for another party six months, he started a shop for himself in the spring of 1859. In 1870 he gave up the shop, and was elected su- pervisor for one year. After working for five years among the farmers at fence making, he came to New 344 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Holland. In the spring of 1891 he moved to his pres- ent farm home. He and his wife belonged to the Re- formed Church. In his politics he is a Republican. In the community he stands well, where his industri- ous habits, business abilities and upright character have won him many friends. AMOS HOLLINGER, who passed away Sept. 13, 1901, in the sixty-fifth year of his age, was not only one of the most prominent tanners in the State of Pennsylvania, but was descended from one o'f the best and oldest families in the State. He was born Jan. 18, 1837, at Hollinger's, three miles south of Lancaster — a place that was settled by his people, and where his father conducted a successful tannery. There Amos Hollinger learned the tanning business and learned it so thoroughl}' that he succeeded his father in the business, and he became the leader in that line in Lancaster county. In fact, Hollinger's tannery- — or rather its products — ^became known not Onlv all through this State, but even in other States and in Europe. The Hollinger leather was known far and wide, and the exhibits made by Mr. Hollin- ger at the Paris Exposition, and at the World's Fair, at Chicago, won first premium. This was a source of great gratification to him, for no man ever worked harder or more conscientiously to give his patrons a first-class article. He continued actively in the business until 1893, when he associated his son John in the business, and from that time on the son was practically in control, Mr. Hollinger remov- ing to Lancaster, and making his home with his son- in-law, Rev. J. W. Meminger. Mr. Plollinger was married, in early manhood, to Miss Elizabeth Harnish, of a prominent family of West Willow, who, with the following children, survives : Cyrus, of Park Rapids, Minn. ; Ada, wife of John McAllister, of West Willow ; Florence, wife of Rev. J. W. Meminger, pastor of St. Paul's Re- formed Church, Lancaster, and with whom Mr. and Mrs. Hollinger went to reside some years ago; Barbara, wife of Joseph P. Breneman, of Lancaster ; ]\Iary, unmarried and at home; and John, the junior member of the firm of Hollinger & Son. Mr. Hol- linger's only brother, Henry, is a well-known citi- zen of Cohimbia. Before taking up his residence in Lancaster Mr. Hollinger was an active member of the Willowstreet Reformed Church, and was frequently sent as a dele- gate to the classis. After coming to Lancaster he became a member of St. Paul's Reformed Church, of which his son-in-law, Rev. J. W. Meminger, is the popular pastor. In politics he was a Republican, and in fraternal circles a Mason. He was at one time a trustee of the State Normal School at Millers- ville, and president of the Farmers' Insurance Com- pany, of Lancaster. The post office near him, or- ganized in i8q2, was named Hollinger in his honor. Up to the time of his death he was vice-president of the Tanners Mutual Insurance Company of Phila- delphia, and president of the proposed Willowstreet & Strasburg Railway Company, of which he was a projector. His funeral took place on Monday after- noon, .Sept. 16, 1901, and the remains were interred in Greenwood cemetery, in the southern suburbs of Lancaster. Possessed of rare intelligence and fine conversational powers, Mr. Hollinger was a welcome guest at all times and in all places. He was as genial and kindly as he was intelligent and thoughtful, and the love and the respect of the community were his. The tannery so long in the family has, since Mr. Hollinger's death, been run by the son, John, who serves as manager for the estate. The same high reputation is maintained, and the business continues to prosper, necessitating the employment of some twenty or twenty-five hands. John Hollinger married Elizabeth Hertzler, daughter of Samuel M. and Susan (Seitz) Hertzler, the former a retired farmer and living near Harris- burg. Two children have blessed this union, John Hertzler and Marion, U. G. BARD. Levi Bard (deceased) was born in Leacock township, Lancaster county, April 19, 1812, and in his time was one of the leading men of his community', and counted m.any friends. He was a son of George and Elizabeth Bard, was married in Earl township and began operations on his own ac- count on a farm in West Earl township, this farm consisting of 118 acres, now the property of his son Ulysses, whose name introduces this article. In 1851, he married Miss Frances Hahn, a resident of Hinkletown, and a daughter of Daniel and Fannie (Shirk) Hahn. After their marriage they made their home on the farm in West Earl township, and there they lived imtil 1869, when they moved to Earl township, on a farm which has been their home to the present time. This place contained nineteen acres. Mr. Bard was a substantial Republican, and for some years was a member of the school board. For many years he was one of the most active mem- bers of the Lutheran Church. By his upright bear- ing and honest heart he had acquired a large circle of friends. His death occurred Nov. 2, 1896. To him and his wife were born twelve children : Mary Jane, John Leaman and Clara Ann died in child- hood; Jacob Hahn. a resident of Mapleville, 111., who married Miss Elizabeth 3yam ; George Frank- lin, of Reading, who married Miss Anna Frey and has three children, Daniel, Harry and Clarence; Ulysses G., a farnier.on the home place; Carrie, the wife of Hover Lashur, of Reading, Pa., who has two children; Herbert and John Philip. The other children born to this worthy couple died in infancy. The widow is still living, and has her home with her son, Ulysses. She belongs to the Lutheran Church. The parents of Mrs. I^evi Bard are both dead. The Hahn family came from Germany. The great- grandfather of Mrs. Bard was Daniel Hahn, who settled in the vicinity of Washington. The grand- father of Mrs. Bard was Daniel Hahn, who mar- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 345 ried Barbara Sweiger. They were among the well- to-do people of the community, and belonged to the Reformed Church. Thev had three children : Dan- iel, the father of Mrs. Bard ; Samuel, who lived at Manheim, where he died and left a family; Mary, who never married,- and in her latter days lived with •Mrs. Bard. The father of Mrs. Bard died at the age of some fifty years. The most of his life was spent in Hinkletown, where he was a mason in the summer, and a carpet weaver in the winter. In local affairs he was a man of public spirit. His wife died at about the age of her husband. She was a daughter of Phillip Shirk. The. parents of Mrs. Bard had a family of five children, of whom Mrs. Bard is the only surviving member. Jacob Hahn was a farmer and his widow is Still living at Eph- ■ rata;- Harriet Hahn married Levi Mentzer, a mer- chant; Chambers was a carpenter at Hinkletown; Frances, Mrs. Levi Bard ; Rudy was a merchant of Ephrata, where his widow still lives. LTlysses G. Bard was born Oct. i6, 1864, and re- ceived his education in the common schools. At the death of his father he took charge of the farms, and both now belong to him. He has taken a leading position as a young farmer, and his home gives evi- dence of thrift and prosperity. In 1888 he was mar- ried to Miss Lizzie Burkholder, a resident of West Earl, and a daughter of Israel Burkholder. They have two children, Levi M. and Frances A. They belong to the Lutheran Church, and hold a credit- able position in the comm-unity. SAMUEL McCLURE, in his lifetime a farmer and stonemason, and a man of the very highest char- acter and standing, was born in December, 1817, and was a son of John and Susan (Hull) McClure, na- tives of Strasburg and Bart townships, respectively. 'l"hey settled in Bart township and there lived and died, leaving a family of eleven children. Their history appears in connection with the sketch of David McClure, which may be found on another page. Samuel McClure was reared on the old home in Bart township, where he learned the mason's trade, which he followed all over the county. He was married in Dec, 1842, to Miss Mary Kidd, a daugh- ter of John and Jane (Thompson) Kidd, of Bart township. John Kidd was born in Ireland, and coming to this country in 1803, made his home in Strasburg township. He was married first to Anna McKneely, on Dec. 25. 1806; their two children died. In 1819 he married Miss Jane Thompson, his second wife, a native of Colerain township, where she was born in 1786. She was a daughter of James and Mary Thompson. Her father was born in Scotland, where he married his first wife, who died there. He married Mary Martin in Carlisle, Pa. John Kidd settled on his farm in Bart township, where he made many imnrovements and secured a substan- tial home for his family. He died in 1874, his wifeliaving passed away in 1873. Unto them were born four children: Thompson Kidd, still living in Juniata county, at the advanced age of eighty- two years; EbenQzer, a widower, living at Pusey- ville; Sarah Kidd, who died in Juniata county, where she had her home with' her brother, Thomp- son ; Mary, who became Mrs. McClure. Mrs. Mc- Clure was born March 4, 1822. She was educated in the local schools, and was regarded as a woman of much culture and intelligence for the time. After his marriage Samuel McClure located near The creamery in Bart township, and there followed ihe mason's trade. In 1844 he purchased the prop- erty near the Octoraro Presbyterian Church, where ihey lived until 1857. That year he bought his property in Bart township, one mile east of the Nickel Mines, where he made his home until his death, April 15, 1897. In 1867 he put up a new barn and later remodelled the house on a very extensive scale. With his family he belonged to the United Presbyterian Church, of which he was an active member during his life. In his politics he was a Democrat. At his death he left a widow and ten children. Eleven children were born to Mr. and Mrs. McClure : (i) John McClure, born in Bart township, mar- ried Miss Mary Mcllvaney, and lived in Bart town- ship until 1877, when he moved to Beaver county, where he engaged in farming. They have one living daughter, Ella, who married Frank .Welk, and is the mother of five children ; John, William, Pearl, Elsie and Earl. (2) Martha J. McClure died when a young woman in 1872. (3) Samuel W. McClure was given a fair education, and when a young man, took up the mason's trade under his father's instructions ; he is at home, single. (4) Thompson married Miss Mary J. Rambo, of Chester county. They now re- side in Philadelphia, where he is engaged in the building and loan business. They have one living daughter. May, who married Howard Bulyard, of Philadelphia, and is the mother of one son, Howard A. (5) Anna McClure married William Bennett, and resides in Perry county. Pa. (6) Edgar mar- ried Miss Anna Hart and is a resident of Beaver county. (7) William E., and (8) James C. were twins ; William McClure married Miss Adelaide Matthews, of Chester county, and lives on a part of his father's homestead, where he is manager of the farm ; James C. McClure married Miss Ida Wright, of Lancaster county. They live in Sadsbury town- ship, where they have one son, Claire. (9) Frank McClure married Miss Delia Gibbons, of Maryland. They have their home in Wilmington, Del., where he deals in produce and fish. They have three chil- dren; Nellie, Walter and Ollie. (10) Ida received a home school education, and is regarded as one of the accomplished young ladies of the neighborhood. She is at home ministering to the comfort of her aged mother, and has charge of the family estate. (11) David McClure married Miss Mamie Keene, a daughter of Samuel Keene, and lives in Wilming- 346 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ton, Del., where he is engaged in business ' as a wholesale merchant. This family of McClures, like all the rest, is connected with the Presbyterian Church of Octo- raro. Of this church father and mother became members in 1844. BERNARD J. McGRANN, of Grand View, is the only surviving son of the late Richard McGrann, who was for years one of Lancaster's most prom- inent citizens, and who was born in Ireland in 1794, and in 1819 began his career in this country. In 1835 Richard McGrann founded the home- stead at Grand View, in Manheim township, near this city, on the New Holland turnpike. In the course of years, and with the many improvements and additions made to it by the present owner (Bernard J. McGrann), it has become one of the most magnificent farms and attractive suburban homes of Lancaster county, and comprises six hun- dred acres. Richard McGrann, who was a con- tractor, constructed many splendid public works in his day, notably the Chestnut street bridge across the Schuylkill, in Philadelphia, the Lehigh and Sus- quehanna railroad bridge at Easton, and many other important works on nearly every great line of canal and railroad built in the State in his time. The perfection of their construction attested to his skill and high enterprise, and carried the fame of Lan- caster contractors far and wide, Mr. McGrann be- ing conspicuous for bold undertakings in engineer- ing and for the successful completion of his enter- prises. In 183s he purchased the farm on which his descendants have since resided. The house at that time stood back, near a fine spring which now supplies the fountains on Fountain avenue. In 1838 he built the present residence and laid out the grounds, which by subsequent enlargement and im- provement, have become the magnificent estate of his only living son. Eight children were born to him, of whom the youngest son alone survives, Bern- ard J., who was born at Grand View, of which he is the owner. His wife died there in 1844, and he himself passed away in 1867. Bernard J. McGrann was born where he now lives, June 24, 1837. He was a student of Lancas- ter's public schools and of the famous Catholic collegiate institutions of Emmitsburg, Md. He early had a fondness for agriculture, and his father encouraged his taste, and destined him to became an exponent of the most advanced and successful agriculture. He completed his studies in the schools when only seventeen or eighteen, and gave himself up largely to the management of his father's landed estates. He was no mere fancy farmer or theorist ; every phase of practical farm life found his hand ready to it ; he studied the elements of the soil and the results of fertilizers, the meteorological conditions and the rotation of crops, breeds of stock and the uses of farm buildings, the mechanical wants of the farm and every mode of agricultural machinery; in short, he made a thorough, exhaus- tive study of every branch of practical agriculture, and observed the best results of experience and science. He not only made a study of it in all its ramifications, but he applied his knowledge and built up a farm that is today a model, perfect in every part. Mr. McGrann is, however, not only a success- ful agriculturist. The banking house of Reed, McGrann & Co., which had an existence for over a generation and is now merged into the Conestoga National Bank, lost its senior member, Richard McGrann, by death in 1867, and the son succeeded to his interest iii it. From that day until the firm was dissolved, Bernard J. McGrann's name and cap- ital were associated with that financial establish- ment and contributed in no small measure to its reputation for integrity, stability and security. Mr. McGrann gave the banking business, as well as all other interests, his personal attention, and the bene- fit of that clear judgment and conservative counsel which have distinguished his business career. In 1870 Mr. McGrann first entered the field of contracting, in which his father had won such suc- cess, and in which he soon took a leading part. He came by inheritance to a ready comprehension and quick execution of gigantic schemes. In 1870 he built the Catawissa extension railroad to Williams- port, and later, graded a part of the Bound Brook railroad from Jenkintown, including the bridge that spans Delaware river at Yardleyville. In 1878 he undertook the work that was to be the crowning triumph of his successful achievements as a contractor. For many years Pittsburg had suffered grievously from the monopoly of the Penn- sylvania Railroad Company; exorbitant charges and excessive freight discrimination had brought about a state of oppression to the business commun- ity which threatened to paralyze many of the oper- ations of trade. Under these circumstances, some time in the 6o's, a certain number of influential gen- tlemen of Pittsburg conceived the notion of build- ing a railroad some seventy-miles in length, from Pittsburg to Youngstown, Ohio, in order to con- nect with the Vanderbilt lines there, and make a new outlet for the hemmed-in and suffering busi- ness interests of Western Pennsylvania's great me- tropolis — ^"the great workshop of America," as it is known. They wanted a prompt and responsible execution of their order. They were not railroad men nor speculators, nor were they building a road on paper, and on margins. They had the money to pay for it, and they wanted good work, quickly exe- cuted. They cast about for a man who would under- take the entire enterprise and relieve them of re- sponsibilities for details. Mr. McGrann made the novel proposition to undertake the construction of the whole road, engineering, grading, bridges, bal- last, ties and track in one year. It was a vast 'under- taking,^ running up into the millions, and such as no single individual in this country had ever grappled BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 347 with. The man for the hour was chosen in Bernard McGrann. He closed the contract, and backed it not only with sound judgment and hardy spirit, but \yith substantial security for the successful comple- tion of the work. While old railroad men were dubious and western contractors predicted losses for the stranger who dared a feat they would not at- tempt, the young contractor set out to organize his forces, subdivide and sub-let his work and to make extensive contracts for supplies of all sorts. En- gineers of talent and railroad men of the highest efficiency were summoned to service all along the Ohio, from Pittsburg to Phillipsburg, up the' Beaver and all along the line; and there was activity that wakened the sleepy towns along the route and at- tracted the attention of engineers, railroad builders and contractors the country over. The great feat- ure of this particular work was the bridge across the Ohio, between Beaver and Phillipsburg. The river had to be spanned at a height of ninety-five feet above the water to admit of proper navigation facili- ties, and had a channel span of 446 feet, -^ith long approaches of iron frame work. The entire enter- prise was completed in one year and handed over to its owners in first class condition, its entire length ready for trains. When the Lancaster County Fair Association failed, some years ago, Mr. Grann bought its entire grounds and pressed them to their original uses ; to his liberal grants, the public owes the renewal and succession of successful county fairs held there to this day, as well as clean trials of speed. The feel- ing that Mr. McGrann was connected with the races inspired the public with confidence in their fairness. Mr. McGrann is a pillar of St. Mary's Catholic Church. No subscription list for church purposes is ever found without his name and a good round sum opposite it. He is also full of love for his country- men, and contributed $500 to the Irish National League fund, and his interest in the cause of Ireland and her downtrodden people is ever maintained. As a citizen he is always enterprising and liberal. He had large real-estate interests in this city and though a resident of Manheim township, is one of Lancaster's heaviest tax payers. In all the length and breadth of the county, no finer or better culti- vated farm with more costly or enduring improve- ments can be found. Every movement for the bet- terment of farm methods has his quick appreciation and patronage. CJn Jan. 3, 1872, Mr. McGrann was married to Mrs. Mary Kelly, widow of the late William T. Kelly and daughter of Philip Dougherty, of Harrisburg. Two sons, Richard Philip and Francis, have blessed this union. Men of high distinction in church and State, in business and professional life, from, every part of the country, are again and again welcome guests in the McGrann home. A Democrat by instinct and training, by inheritance and conviction, Mr. McGrann has been sent as delegate to State and National Conventions. He has been frequently on the local ticket, has served on the county com- mittee and was nominated for State Treasurer in 1887. He has always, been a generous contributor to, and stanch supporter of his party. " He is the President of the Board of Managers of the Hunt- ingdon Reformatory, and gives it that earnest, in- telligent attention which he devotes to all things with which he is connected. With his broad humanity and sympathetic nature, no man could have been more fittingly selected to assist in the management of a reformatory institution, and we make no apology for relating an incident that came to our notice quite recently, as illustrative of Mr. Mc- Grann's interest in and kindly regard for the young. "There," said a successful yoimg professional man as he displayed an inscribed silver dollar, "is the thing that inspired me to study a profession." The inscription told that this silver dollar had been presented by Mr. McGrann and the date of the presentation was also given. "I was a lad of tender years and was standing in the Pennsylvania Railroad station in this city, on my way to the House of Refuge, having been sent there on the application of an uncle, in whose custody I had been placed after the death of my mother, and who wanted to get rid of me. As I stood there Mr. Mc- Grann came along, spoke kindly to me, asked me where I was going, and telling me to cheer up, gave me a dollar. That act inspired me. I was detained only a short time in the Refuge, then returned to Lancaster, became an inmate of the Home of the Friendless Children, and there remained until I was old enough to do something for myself; but Mr. McGrann's silver dollar has been my talisman all these years and will be till I die." .Such is the testimony of a professional man of Lancaster — testimony that could be multiplied many times if all the beneficiaries of his generosity could be per- mitted to tell the story of their gratitude. HENRY P. TOWNSEND. During a long, busy and able career as agriculturist and prominent citizen, Henry P_. Townsend, won the high esteem of the residents of Little Britain township. His birth was on Dec. 25, 1820, and his death was on July 26, 1897. His father was John Townsend, a son of Joseph, who was one of the early settlers of the county and who, with his descendants, car- ried on large farming interests. One sister of Henry P. Townsend was Eliza, who married John Bowden, but they, too, have passed away. Henry P. Townsend was married to Sarah G. Spencer in 1843. She was a daughter of Joseph and Rebecca (Good) Spencer, of Bucks county. Pa., of English origin, and consistent members of the Society of Friends. Nine children were born to this marriage: Marietta, unmarried; Joseph S., of Little Britain township ; Elwood H., whose sketch appears in another part of this volume ; John, deceased ; Israel H., of Oxford ; Annie, the wife of Cecil Stubbs, of Little Britain township ; Sarah, at 348 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY home; William, a farmer of Chester county; and Harvey, deceased. The family born to the parents of Mrs. Town- send, niim"bered five members: Rachel, Elizabeth, Mary Ann, Marian, and Sarah, Mrs. Townsend being the youngest, and the only survivor. She resides on the old home place with her two estimable daughters, Marietta and Sarah, occupying the farm of Ji6 acres, which includes some of the most desirable land in Lancaster county. They belong to the Society of Friends. Mr. Townsend was one of the leading farmers of his township, 'and at various times he was called upon to serve in positions of responsibility, his fellow citizens feeling assured that every trust be as carefully guarded as if it were a personal matter. His interest in educational questions made him long a school director, and during his term of office as supervisor, the roads of his tov/nship were improved and all measures promising the better- ment of his section received his approval. A stanch Republican, he never was, however, a politician. Though leading a quiet life, and rarely taking a con- spicuous part, his influence was ever felt in the direc- tion of morality, temperance and good citizenship. WILLIAM WOHLSEN, substantially con- nected with the business interests of Lancaster as president of the Union Trust Company, and owner of the planing-mill bearing his name, was born in Hanover, Germany, Dec. 24, 1847, son of Peter and Catherine (Oelrich) Wohlsen, natives of the same German principality. To Peter Wohlsen and his wife were born the following children : William ; Peter N., a contractor and builder of Lancaster; Herman F., also a contractor and builder of Lan- caster ; and Anna, the wife of Henry Elsen, of the same city. The youth of William Wohlsen was uneventfully passed on his father's farm ; when seventeen years of age he learned the carpenter's trade, at which he worked until emigrating to America, in 1867. For a time he worked at his trade in Lancaster, and was quite successful as a contractor and builder until 1871, in which vear he bought a small planing-mill, which was gradually enlarged from a one-horse- power concern to one of the largest and best patron- ized mills in Lancaster county. In 1S80 Mr. Wohl- sen abandoned building and contracting to give his entire attention to the mill, which eventually came to emplov fifty people, and thus represented a large responsibility. Latterly he has had a more pressing demand upon his time as president of the Union Trust Companv, which was chartered Oct. 17, IQOI, and opened for business March 17, 1902. The com- pany has an authorized capital of $300,000, and a paid-in capital of $150,000. The officers are : Will- iam' Wohlsen, president; D. F. Buchmiller, vice- T:)resident : S. Z. Evans, secretary and treasurer ; and John M. Groff, solicitor. In T869 Mr. Wohlsen married Catherine Klenck, who was born in Hanover Oct. 3, 1849, daughter of Henry Klenck, a farmer in Germany, who never came to .America. Of the children born to Mr. and Mrs. Wohlsen, Mary married Stewart Griffith, teller of the Union Trust Company ; Anna married Henry Behrens, of New Yorlc ; P. Harry is super- intendent of the planing-mill belonging to Mr. Wohl- sen ; William PL is in his father's mill ; John O. is a shipping clerk for his father : Catherine is attending school in Philadelphia, Pa. ; Clarence is at the Yeates School, north of the city ; B. Frank is living at home ; and two daughters died young. Mr. Wohlsen is fraternally associated with the Liasons, the I. O. O. F. and the Red Men. Politi- cally he is a Republican. He is allied with the Lutheran Church, and for the past fifteen yeaj-s has been a member of the vestry of Zion's German Lutheran Church, of East Vine street, Lancaster. DANIEL KURTZ, a retired farmer of Spring Garden, Salisbury township, and one of its sub- stantial and respected citizens, was born in that township, July 26, 1828, a son of John and Mary (Boley) Kurtz. Jacob Kurtz, the paternal grandfather of Daniel Kurtz, was an intelligent and prosperous farmer of Lancaster county. He began his farming life in this county on the old John Warner farm, near the Pequea Meeting House. He was well known and was highly esteemed. Mr. Kurtz was a large man, weighing fully 200 pounds. He married Martha King, of Salisbury township, who died in 1817, at the age of sixty-nine years. Jacob Kurtz died in 1822, at the age of seventy-five years And two months, and both were interred on a part of their old farm, one mile east of the Pequea Meeting House. Both were consistent members of the Amish church. John Kurtz, son of Jacob and father of Daniel Kurtz, was a prominent and successful farmer of Salisbury township, at the time of his death own- ing six of the fine farms of this township. Although not a member, he was a regular attendant and a very liberal supporter of the Old Mennonite church, of which his wife was a consistent member. John Kurtz died April 16, 1871, at the age of eighty- one years, and his wife died in Jan. 1888, aged eighty-eight years. Both were buried on the old Kurtz homestead, in Salisbury township. The children born to John and Mary (Boley) Kurtz, were as follows : Daniel; a retired farmer of Salis- bury township; Nancy, deceased, wife of Samuel Worst; John, who died in Kentucky, but was buried in Salisbury township ; Martha, who married Harvey Swigart, a farmer of Salisbury township; Jacob, who was a soldier in the Civil war, and died in New Mexico; Abraham, a retired farmer of Salisbury township; Samuel, a resident of Denver, Col. ; David, a farmer of Salisbury township ; Mary, wife of James Roseboro, of Lancaster; Martin, residing on the old homestead; and Joseph, a ■ ^^^^^^^^^^rW^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^1 1 ^H ^r '^^H ^1 I 1 ^^^^1 ■Hp^ ^^^^^^^^H ^H ^^H^ .^^KK/tK^^^^^^^ ^H El i ^1 ^HP- a. ^^^Im JIM ^ ■ ^M ^HjA^Hft 1 1 ^Hk '^■^^^^^^^■1 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 849 farmer and lime manufacturer of Salisbury town- ship. Daniel Kurtz, of this sketch, was reared on the farm and has never lost his interest in agricultural pursuits. His education was acquired in the public schools of his locality, and he spent his time until within three years of his marriage, in assisting his father, who was an extensive farmer. He then operated a farm of loo acres, upon which he remained until 1892, retiring from activity at that time, although still vigorous in body and mind. Mr. Kurtz resembles his grandfather in weight, and until recently has been in robust health; rheuma- tism, however, has annoyed him to some degree lately. As a farmer, Mr. Kurtz has been regarded as one of the most capable in this locality. He is a large land owner, his sons occupying his four valuable properties in Salisbury township. In poli- tics Mr. Kurtz is a Republican. Both he and his family belong to the Mennonite church. On Jan. 31, 1854, Mr. Kurtz was united in mar- riage to Miss Susanna Worst, and the children bom to this union were: Frank, born Nov. 29, 1854, engaged in farming in Salisbury township, and married to Lydia Warner, deceased ; Henry C, born March 19, i8c;6, a farmer of Salisbury town- ship, married to Anna Dague, by whom he has a family of nine children: John R., born Sept. ri, 1858, who died in infancy ; Mary E., born April 7, i860, wife of John Livingston, of Philadelphia, and mother of four children : Abraham W., born Aug. 27, 1862, who died young ; Annie E., born Sept. 19, 1864, who married Aaron Groff, of East Lampeter township, engaged in. the dairy business, and who has four children: Daniel W., born Nov. 9, 1866, a farmer of .Salisbury township, who married Anna Eby, and has five children; Martin, born Nov. 9, 1866, twin brother to Daniel, and a farmer in Lea- cock township, married to Anna M. Denlinger, by whom he has had three children; Benjamin L. Kurtz, born Feb. 11, 1878, unmarried, a farmer in Leacock township. Mrs. Susanna (Worst) Kurtz, was born in Springville, Salisbury township, Aug. 11, 1833, daughter of Henry and Mary (Kurtz) Worst, of Lancaster county. Mr. Kurtz is one of the most highly respected men in Salisbury township and his children are among the leading and reliable citizens. MARTIN KURTZ, a general farmer of Salis- bury township and one of its most highly regarded citizens, was born on his present farm in 1839, son of John and Mary (Boley) Kurtz, and grandson of Jacob and Martha (King) Kurtz, extended mention of whom is made upon another page of this volume. Martin Kurtz has followed agriculture all his life and owns and operates his present well-im- proved farm of seventy-one acres, in Salisbury township. In politics he is active in his support of the Republican party, although he has never been ambitious for political preferment. His liberality assists in the support of the Episcopal church, of which his wife is a devoted member. Mr. Kurtz is well known in his locality and is universally esteemed. On May 19, 1864, in Reading Pa., Mr. Kurtz was married to Miss Eva R. Fleming, born in Salisbury township, Aug. 5, 1845, daughter of David and Mary A. (Clemson) Fleming, the former a native of Chester county, and the latter of Salisbury township. Mr. Fleming was born Jan. 29, 1812, and died Dec. 9, 1850, his burial being in the Octoraro cemetery connected with the Presby- terian church. The mother of Mrs. Kurtz, born April 6, 1821, is spending her declining years with her daughter. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Fleming were as ' follows : Lucy, who married William Dieffenbaugh, supervisor of Mt. Joy town- ship; Eva R., who is Mrs. Kurtz; Davis Clemson, who was a hotel keeper and died in 1891, in Han- over; and Mary A., who died in infancy. By a previous marriage, Mr. Fleming had become the husband of Lucinda E. Bemis, an English lady, born Nov. 24, 1816, who died Aug. 9, 1841, and was the mother of two children : Tabitha, who died at the age of eighteen ; and David, who is employed in Cramp's ship yards, in Philadelphia. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Kurtz were David and Tabitha (Matlick) Fleming, farming people and natives of Chester county. Their two sons were David and Preston, who, with their parents are buried in Octoraro cemetery, being members of the Presbyterian church. The maternal grandparents were Davis and Rebecca (Cowan) Clemson, farmers of Salisbury township. Grand- father Clemson was a man of prominence in his locality and for many years served on the school board and was highly respected. He died in Nov. 1871, aged eighty-four, after years of retirement, his widow surviving until 1890, when she was ninety-four years of age. They were buried in the cemetery connected with St. John's Episcopal church, in Compassville, being devout members of this church. Their children were: Mary A., the mother of Mrs. Kurtz ; James, who died unmarried, in 1891 ; William, who died in 1899, in St. Louis, Mo. ; Caroline, who died in 1882, and who married (first) Henry Harman, and (second) Jacob Evans ; Adeline, who married James Gossler, a retired machinist of Reading, Pa. ; Sarah J., who married Jacob Warfel, of New Holland; and S. Rebecca, who died unmarried in 1899. The founders of the Clemson family in Lan- caster county came here from England with Rev. James Clemson in the early part of 1700, being of Quaker stock. Mrs. Kurtz's great-great-grand- father was James Clemson, of Salisbury township, who lived on the old homestead which was purchased from William Penn. James Clemson was born July 13, 1729, and died- in 1792. He married Margaret 350 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Herd, a beautiful but eccentric woman, who, after her husband's death, spent the rest of her life with a daughter. Their son, James Clemson, born March 20, 1755, died April 4, 1820. He married Mary Brady, born Dec. 4, 1752, and died April 21, 1819. They had these children: Grace, who died in infancy; Jehu, who married' Susan Ellmaker; Eli, who married Elizi Swartzwelder ; Levi ; Rachel, who married John Logan ; Amos, who mar- ried Maria Miller; Davis, who married Rebecca Cowan ; Margaret, who died in infancy ; and James. Both the Clemson and Kurtz families are among the oldest and most honorable in Lancaster county, their names standing for honesty, integrity and high moral character. N. DAVIS SCOTT. This honorable citizen, so long well and favorably known to the resi- dents of Lancaster county, was born Feb. 13, 1832, and passed from life May 25, 1899. The Scott family is an old and honorable one of this county. It originated in Wales and one of its hardy mem- bers was John Scott, who took a distinguished part in the Revolutionary war, gaining a major's com- mission, later married Elinor Armstrong, and settled among the pioneers in Southern Lancaster county. William Scott, son of John, married Hannah Jenkins and they reared a family of ten children: John, Elinor, Margaret, Franklin, Samuel, James, Hannah, Martha, Francis and N. Davis. N. Davis .Scott became one of the leading agri- culturists of Fulton township, and more than that, for during a number of years he was identified with many of the important public movements in his section, and was conspicuous in the Republican party. An admirable phase of the character of Mr. Scott was his influence in favor of temperance in ail things. His life was one of industry and it afforded him comfort to realize that at death he could leave his family secure as to worldly interests. His farm of 180 well improved acres is one of the best in the county, while his personal property was of considerable value. The marriage of Mr. Scott was on Jan. 31, 1861, to Miss Edith R. Carter, of Fulton township, and three children were born to this union: William Graham, who died in childhood; Mary H., who resides with her beloved mother ; and Cora C, who also died in childhood. Mrs. Scott was a daughter of Henry and Mary Ann (Jackson) Carter, of ■ Fulton township, who reared a family of seven children: John, who is a farmer of Chester county. Pa. ; Alice, deceased ; Annie, who is the wife of Cooper Stubbs, of Fulton township ; Harlan, who was killed at the battle of Fredericksburg, during the Civil war; Edith R., Mrs. Scott; Joel J., who is a farmer of Fulton township ; and Kate A., unmar- ried, who resides in this township. Henry Carter was one of the prominent and leading farmers of Lancaster county. He was born in 1802, a son of John Carter, an early settler in Maryland, and he preserved much of his physical activity and mental vigor until his death, at the advanced age of nearly ninety-two years. In early days a Whig, he later became identified with the Republican party, and served as a member of the State Constitutional Convention. His wife also lived to the age of nearly ninety-two years. Mr. Carter was a successful farmer of Fulton town- ship. N. Davis Scott was noted for his public spirit, as well as his activity in promoting the general prosperity of the community by favoring all measures which his judgment convinced him would be for the welfare of his locality. For sixteen years he served as school director, was also judge of elections, and held other offices, being a man in whom his fellow citizens could place implicit confi- dence. Such a man can never be forgotten in any community, and has every right to be classed among its leading representatives. ABRAM SCHEETZ, the head of the firm of Scheetz & Co., otherwise the Paragon Shirt Co., at No. 6 West King street, is a native of Lancaster county. His father. Christian Scheetz, was a well known resident of Millersville, Manor township, for many years, but was living in Penn township when Abram was born, Nov. 27, 1838. Abram Scheetz attended the district school for some years, but left at the early age of thirteen years to enter the grocery store of Jacob Buchler on East King street, Lancaster. For a time he was employed in the dry goods store of B. B. Martin & Co., and in that of John Myers, and was then employed for a longer period in the store of A. Dyssinger at Elizabethtown. Returning to this city the young man was again connected with the Martin store, where he was engaged at the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion. Abram Scheetz enlisted as a private in Co. D, I22d P. V. I., but was discharged on account of sickness before his term of enlistment had expired. Presently recovering from his physical ailments, he joined the 44th Pennsylvania, when they rallied to defend the State against the Rebel invaders, and participated in the scenes and experiences that cul- minated in the terrible struggle at Gettysburg. Mr. Scheetz remained with his regiment until it was mustered out and returned to civil life. After laying aside his army blue Mr. Scheetz repaired to Philadelphia, and found employment in a dry goods and notion store. Lancaster had the charm of home for him, however, and he could not resist the attraction of the old familiar scenes, so he came back to this city, and opened a dry goods store. In 1885 he retired from the dry goods trade, and opened a factory for the manufacture of shirts. In this business he has been very successful, and the reputation of his shirt, to which he gave the name of Paragon, has become very extended, selling BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 851 throughout Pennsylvania and in the city of New York. Mr. Scheetz has been greatly interested in the Grand Army of the Republic, since its organization. A member and past commander of Admiral Reynolds Post, No. 405, he rarely misses a camp fire. A member of St. John's Lutheran church, he is recognized as a useful man in church and Grand Army circles, as well as in the marts of trade. Mr, Scheetz was married in 1861 to Louisa, daughter of Junius P. Marshall, a farmer of Chester county, Pa. Mr. and Mrs. Scheetz are the parents of two children, Henry Marshall and May Alma. The latter died in infancy, but the former survives, and is now connected with the West Disinfecting Company in Allegheny, Pa. Mrs. Scheetz is still living, and presides over her husband's beautiful home in Lancaster with charming grace and benignity. Abram Scheetz is an unpretending and liberal man, energetic and industrious in his business, but carrying a kind and sympathetic heart in his bosom that has endeared him to many friends. PHILIP BRUBAKER. Among the venerable citizens of New Holland, Pa., who possess the esteem of the community after a long life in its midst, is Philip Brubaker, a man of substance and standing in Earl township. His life has extended over the most progressive part of the world's his- tory, he having been born April 15, 1815, that year marking the beginning of a new era in America. At that time science, which now flourishes and assists mankind in every relation of life, was but in its infancy, and the discoveries and inventions that have almost transformed the world have had their birth or development during the years encom- passed by this worthy citizen. Born of German parents, Philip Brubaker in- herited much of the sturdy strength and solidity of character from them. His father was Philip Bru- baker, a well known farmer of Earl township, who was born in 1763, and died in 1825, while the mother of Mr. Brubaker bore the maiden name of Catherine Richwine, also of German parentage. The children born of this marriage were : Margaret and Catherine, who both died single; Julia Ann, who married Isaac Witwer; Elizabeth, who mar- ried John Miller; John R., who became a hard- ware merchant of New Holland; Henry R., also a merchant of New Holland; Philip, the subject of this biography. Philip Brubaker was reared on a farm, and received his education in the schools of the period. While still a lad, he was hired out to neighboring farmers to do farm work, for a mere pittance, at the age of fourteen engaging with a cattle drover to assist him in driving cattle to Philadelphia from New Holland, a distance of fifty-two miles. The trip usually was made in three da^'s, two in going, with the cattle, and one in coming back, the weary boy making it on foot. His next business venture was with a butcher, and for a time he assisted in this line, later entering a dry goods house as a clerk, still later finding employment with his brother John R. Brubaker, as a hardware salesman. Five years were spent in this business and then he opened up a mercantile line, associating himself with Gabriel Davis and John Piersol, following this for a number of years. Since selling this Mr. Brubaker has lived somewhat of a retired life. During the war of the Rebellion, he dealt in gold, stocks and bonds very successfully, but lately he has lived quietly in his comfortable home in New Holland. During his active life, Mr. Brubaker was a prominent member of the Republican party, and has ever been a stanch supporter of it. In 1869 he was married to Miss Elizabeth J. Miller, of Earl town- ship, a daughter of Adam Miller, born in 1825, her death occurring on May 17, 1900. Mr. Brubaker has lived a life of charity and good will toward his neighbor, and numbers his friends by the score. Although he has passed the limits of the Psalmist, his friends wish him many more years of comfort, after his busy life, which he has lived for the better- ment of others. ABRAM G. SHEIBLY. One of the retired and substantial agriculturists of Lancaster county, residing on his fine farm in Upper Leacock town- ship, on which he was born Dec. 7, 1823, is Abram G. Sheibly, a well known and highly respected citi- zen. The parents of Mr. Sheibly were Henry and Susanna (Groff) Sheibly, who were united in mar- riage March 12, 1822; the former was born in Upper Leacock township, and the latter was a native of West Earl township. The birth of Henry Sheibly was on April 11, 1797 and he died in Jan. 1882, at the home of his daughter Caroline, in Farmersville, at the age of eighty-five years. His burial was from his old home and he was laid to lest in the private family burying ground. Since 1859 he had been retired from active life, but prior to that time he was active in work on his farm, in township affairs and in the Reformed church, where he was one of the elders. The mother of our subject was born June 11, 1802, and died in April, 1877, having lived nearly seventy-five years, which she filled to overflowing with kind actions and neighborly deeds. The children born to them were: Anna, who died young; Abram G., our subject; Elmira, Henry and Martin, who all died young; Maria, who married John B. Landis; Susannah, deceased, who married Isaac Reif; Sarah Ann, who is the widow of Martin Shaffer, and who lives in East Lampeter township ; Caro- line, who is the widow of Isaac Shaffer, of West Earl township; and Adam, who died young. The Sheibly family has long been prominent in this county. Henry Sheibly, the grandfather of our 352 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY subject, started for America with his parents when he was but seven years of age; his father, Henry Sheibly, Sr., died on the voyage from Switzerland, and was buried at Philadelphia. The son made his permanent home in Lancaster county. He was a man of great industry and accumulated large means, cultivated his lands and added many im- provements which today testify to his excellent judgment. In 1779 he built the present family residence, which is a stone structure, in an excellent state of preservation, and in 1800 he erected the large barn which is still used for its original purpose. In 1817 he built a large brick house on. the farm and this is now used by his great-grand- son. The death of this worthy ancestor was in 1818 when he had reached his seventy-second year. The first wife of Henry Sheibly was a Miss Wenger, who died in 1794, but the grandmother of our subject was the second wife, Elizabeth Miller, who died in 1840, at the age of eighty years. On the maternal side Abram G. Sheibly was connected with the Myers family, another old and prominent one in the county. Mr. Sheibly of this sketch has devoted his energies to agriculture all his life, remaining on the old farm which he has developed and improved through many years. His prominence in his locality has made him a useful member of society, and he has been called upon to serve the public in several capacities, notably as township auditor. For forty-six years he has been a member of the Board of the Lancaster and New Holland turnpike road and for the past fifteen years has been its valued president. In politics Mr. Sheibly is a stanch Republican and takes an active and intelli- gent interest in public questions. Both he and wife have been connected with Hellers Reformed church for over 50 years, and he is secretary, and also an elder. The marriage of Abram p. Sheibly was in Upper Leacock township, May 21, 1848, to Miss Maria W. Zook, and the children born to this union were : Susannah, who is the widow of David Groff, and lives at home ; Henry, a clerk in Lancaster, who married Hattie Landis, and has one datighter, Blanche; Abram, Jr., who married Miss Emma Bear, operates the home farm and has one son, J. Emory; and Mary and Emma, who died young. Mrs. Maria W. (Zook) Sheibly was born in Manheim township, on June 5, 1826, and died on Jan. 3, 1899, and was laid to rest in the Heller church cemetery. She was a daughter of David and Susannah (Weidler) Zook, both of Lancaster county, the former being a prominent farmer. Abram Sheibly, Jr., a son of Abram and Maria W. (Zook) Sheibly, was born on the old homestead and in the house which has sheltered his ancestors, Nov. 2, 1852. His education was acquired in the public schools and he remained assisting his father until his marriage, when he removed to the other residence, on the same farm. and since his father's retirement has managed the estate himself. Its fine condition testifies that he has given close and careful, attention to the land, as it is one of the most productive in the town- ship. Mr. Sheibly was united in marriage June 12, 1877, in Mechanicsburg, to Miss Emma E. Bear, and to this union was born one son, J. Emory. Mrs. Emma (Bear) Sheibly was born in Upper Leacock township, May 9, 1855, and she is a daughter of John and Hattie (Landis) Bear, both of whom were natives of Upper Leacock township. The father was a farmer and cattle dealer of prominence through the county. His death was in Mechanics- burg, in 1899, at the age of sixty-nine, while the mother makes her home with her children. Both Mr. and ]\Irs. Bear had become connected in early life with the Lutheran church. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Bear were : Emma, the wife of Abram Sheibly, Jr.; Benjamin, of . Philadelphia ; Mary, deceased, who married Amos Baumberger; Newton, of Philadelphia; Lillie I., who died young; Minora, who married M. Ward Weidman, a merchant in Clay township ; and George R., who died young. Mr. Sheibly has been school director for the past six years, taking a great interest in educational matters. His religious membership is with Heller's Reformed church, in which he is both treasurer and deacon, while, like his respected father, he adheres to the Republican party. Mr. Sheibly is regarded as one of the representative men of Lancaster county and worthily represents a prominent line of ancestors. BRUBAKER FAMILY, and Connections IN America. John Erubaker emigrated from Switzerland — Germany — to America about 17 10. No record has been found as yet showing the exact time. In the year 1717 he and a cer- tain Christian Hershey jointly took out a warrant for 1,000 acres of land, situated in Hempfield township, Lancaster county, about three miles west of the present Lancaster city. In the year 1718 he and the said- Christian Hershey divided the above tract of 1,000 acres into two equal parts by running a line east and west, Brubaker taking the southern part, viz., 500 acres, on which tract he built the first grist and saw mill in Lancaster county (so tradi- tion says), the mill property being located on the little Conestoga Creek, at what is now called "Ab- beyville." It is not certain that John Brubaker was married when he came to America. On May 13, 1728, John Brubaker and his wife, Anna (what her maiden name was is not known) , sold and conveyed 150 acres of the 500 acres mentioned, including the mill property, to one Christian Stoheman. John Brubaker and his wife Anna had the following chil- dren : John (it being the custom at that time, and many generations following, that the first born son received the father's given name), Jacob, Abraham, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 353 Peter, Daniel, Henry, Joseph, David, Christian and ohe daughter, Anna. Anna Brubaker was married to Abraham Buckwalter. John Brubaker, the eldest son, after having grown to manhood desired to go to Switzerland (Germany) to seek a wife, but his parents were dis- suaded from consenting. However, he went after his father's death, in the year 1750, arrived in his father's native land, and was received with great loy. His friends had two lamps burning evenings. iHe was successful in his matrimonial undertaking, and found a maiden, Maria Newcomer, who was willing to cast her lot with him in the New World. John Brubaker and Maria Newcomer entered into the sacred relation of matrimony A. D. 1750, eight days before Whitsuntide. They then sailed for America, it is not known how soon after their mar- riage, but presumably at their earliest convenience. Abraham Brubaker, a cousin of John, accompanied them, and was so well pleased with the New World that he wrote enticing letters to his brothers and sis- ters, who also emigrated to America. Abraham Brubaker settled at the Middle creek, where " Wiss- ler's mill " is located, not far from Clay. There he intended to build a mill, but getting into difficulties with some land owners in regard to the water right he moved to what is now called Indiantown, about three miles northeast from Ephrata. Hence his de- scendants are called the Indiantown Brubakers. When John Brubaker and his wife came to America, they brought, among other things, a large cliest full of goods, glassware and earthernware. Those articles became scattered about, but some are yet extant, and are highly prized as relics by those that have them. Several articles are in the posses- sion of Jacob N. Brubaker : a salt stand, pewter communion cup, and a German book. The chest is also in the family. After their arrival in America they settled on part of a tract of land which his fa- ther had bought of Lewis Lewis, situated in what is now Elizabeth township, Lancaster Co., Pa., and there they commenced housekeeping in the wilder- ness. The beavers were yet there building their dams. But John and Maria (Newcomer) Brubaker were not permitted long to live together, only thirty weeks in fact, the wife dying Dec. 15, 1750. He buried her in the garden, where her remains rested 150 years, and in 1880 they were removed to the Brubaker family graveyard, and a suitable tomb- stone placed at the grave. This was indeed a sad be- reavement. His sorrow was great. Tradition says, if possible he would dig her out of her grave, he said, with his fingers, and restore her to life. The bereaved husband did not long remain a widower in the wilderness. He married April 30, 1751, Maria Tauner (now written Doner), eldest daughter of Michael Tanner. John and Maria (Tanner) Bru- baker were blessed with a large family, five sons and six daughters, most of whom grew to manhood and womanhood. A kind Providence blessed them. They were permitted to see their children, and chil- 23 dren's children, grow up around them. And above all, they saw their descendants — as a rule — embrace the faith, and religion " which was once delivered to the Saints," for which sake the forefathers were persecuted in the " Vater Land," and which was the prime cause of their emigration to " Penn's For- est." They, and their descendants, realized the Bi- ble truths that what we suffer for Christ's sake brings the blessing of God. The early settlers were generally rugged, resolute, but honest and hospita- ble, and willing to lend a helping hand. John Bru- baker was deprived of his sight during the latter years of his life (it is not known how long). During his blindness he would call into his room his grand- son, Jacob Brubaker, every Sunday morning, and have him read a sermon out of his book of sermons, called the " Denner Buch." (The chair on which the old grandfather sat and the book' are in the pos- session of Jacob N. Brubaker) . This shows that his mind was engaged in the service of the Lord. After John and Maria Brubaker had passed through many vicissitudes of life they went to their " long home," John Brubaker dying April 9, 1804, aged eighty-four years, seven months. His wife died some time be- fore, June 21, t8o2, aged seventy-three years, four months, ten days. As remarked, the greater number of the family of John and Maria (Tauner") Brubaker, grew to ma- turity and married, viz. : John married Anna Eby ; Anna married John Moyer ; Maria married John Baer; Jacob married Susan Erb; Magdalena mar- ried John Bruckhart: Elizabeth married Christian Martin; Veronica married John Bomberger; Bar- bara married Abraham Martin. The children of the above named families, about thirty in number, near- ly all of which grew to maturity, again intermarried with those families of like faith — the Ebys, Buchers, Bombergers, Snyders, Wisslers, Erbs,- etc., and their families to a great extent again intermarried with families of like faith, viz. : the Ebys, Shenks, Shirks, Graybills, Bombergers, Staufifers and Rissers. Thus as a matter of course, the adherents to the faith of their forefathers greatly multiplied, and took a firm foothold in the New World, commanding the respect of the rulers of the land, and exercising a healthful influence, in many directions, by their modest, simple and honest intercourse with their neighbors. Many persons in higher stations of life were convinced that the principles and sentiments advocated and practiced by these modest and plain people were the true and cardinal principles of the Gospel, and if the descendants from generation to generation had continued those principles, by practice, down to the present time, they would exercise a greater in- fluence. But many became dissatisfied with walk- ing in those plain and simple paths of their forefa- thers, and chose strange ways, and mingled too much with the world, which greatly disturbed the peace and harmony, and therefore that influence was much shorn of its effect. But, notwithstanding all those jars and upheavals, the Mennonite denomina- 354 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY tion still stands as a beacon on the shores of time. Among those descendants there were men, members of the Church, chosen of God and church counsel, and by casting of lots, as necessity demanded, to discharge the sacred duties of the ministry. Great care was exercised, and anxious prayers were of- fered, invoking Divine guidance and God's blessing in providing teachers and housekeepers in God's house. A reluctant but submissive will to be or- dained to the sacred office of deacon or minister, but especially of bishop, was at all times much ap- proved of by the church. But an aspiration for those offices was always unpleasant to the church as a body. To write the life of all prominent men of the Mennonite Church in America would be impossible, as they left scarcely any written record or account,, and to mention some only might seem partial. Therefore a few remarks will be made in a general way. The polity of the Mennonite denomination has remained unchanged as regards the principal points. There have been secessions from the main body, from time to time. Those have formulated other rules of government. As a body the Mennon- ite denomination consists of bishops, ministers and deacons, and also the laity. Each lay member has a right to the Council of the church. At stated times examinations are held to ascertain the stand- ing and condition of the church, the result of which is reported to conference, when bishops, ministers and deacons meet in general council and counsel with each other and advise for the welfare of the Church. The preaching of the word of God is ex- temporaneous and without charge. It is not the principle of the ministry to preach according to the wisdom of this world, but according to the spirit of Christ, in humility and simplicity. All persons have access to public worship. Penitent believers upon application, and after being instructed in re- gard to the rules and ordinances of the church, and promising obedience and allegiance thereto, are re- ceived to membership by baptism in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. The members observe communion with each other, with bread and wine, the bread and wine being em- blems of the broken body and shed blood of Jesus Christ. Feet washing commanded by Jesus Christ, as a token of humility, is recognized as an ordinance, and observed by the greater number of the brethren. V/hen any difference or strife arises between the members it shall be adjusted according to Matt, xviii, 15-20. Although believing that living ac- cording to the tenets of the Mennonite faith is com- patible with the word of God, yet the principle thereof does not allow members to condemn those of other denominations. — [Bishop Jacob N. Bru- EAKER. Jacob N. Brubaker was born July 25, 1838, in Rapho township, Lancaster Co., Pa., and is a de- scendant in the sixth generation of John and Anna Brubaker, his line being through John and Maria (Tauner) Brubaker: Jacob and Susan (Erb) Bru- baker; Jacob and Maria (Eby) Brubaker; and Sem and Magdalena (Nissley) Brubaker. In 1865 Jacob N. Brubaker was ordained to the ministry of the Mennonite Church, and in 1867 he was ordained bishop, in which capacity he has since officiated. On Nov. I, 1857, Bishop Brubaker married Bar- bara H. Stauffer, daughter of David K. and Anna Stauffer, and they have had children as follows: Fannie died when four and a half years old. Martin died in his thirtieth year, leaving a widow, whose maiden name was Emma Frances Witmer, and one daughter, Mabel May. David D. died when two and a half years old. Magdalena, who died in her twenty-ninth year, was the wife of Christian G. Brennerman; she left one son, Jacob Roy, and one daughter, Barbara Anna, the latter of whom died in infancy. Sem wedded Bertha Engle, and is a farmer of Rapho township, Lancaster county. SAMUEL HATZ (deceased) was for many years one of the well known and successful business men of Lancaster, and was born in this city in April, 1826, his death occurring in his home there Feb. 18, 1886. John Hatz, the father of Samuel Hatz, was one of the leading citizens of Lancaster county for many years, the family being a well known one in the time of the grandfather of our subject, John Hatz, who was a very large landowner, possessing the tract which is now included in James St., extending north beyond the city's limits. He mar- ried Mary Burgian. His son, John, inherited much valuable land which increased in value as the city grew, and by his good management he accumulated a fortune which reached $200,000. He probably owned more land than any other citizen of Lan- caster and engaged in the real estate business, in connection with hoirse dealing. He was one of the first directors of the Lancaster County Bank, and one of the largest stockholders. At the time of the failure of the old Lancaster County Bank, he lost some $60,000. He was a very public-spirited man, and was one of those instrumental in the buildiftg of the Franklin and Marshall College, in Lancaster. John Hatz married Elizabeth Ensminger, of Manheim, Pa., and the children born to this union were as follows: Samuel, deceased; Rosanna, de- ceased, who married William M. Shrum ; Mary E., who is the widow of Andrew Wingert ; Sarah, who married H. D. Musselman, of Lancaster, and Eliza- beth, who married W. G. Bender, of Lancaster. John Hatz died in September, 1858, at the age of fifty-seven years, and his wife died in 1856, at the age of fifty-three years. Both were buried in the Lancaster cemetery. They were good. Christian people, members of the First Reformed church. Samuel Hatz, son of John and Elizabeth Hatz, lived at home until he began a business career for himself. He followed the same lines as his father, dealt in horses and conducted a large livery busi- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 355 ness, in Lancaster, and for many years was also interested in the cigar business, being very success- ful in all. His energy and ability made him a prominent man in Lancaster, and at his death he left a large and valuable estate to his heirs. In business life he was regarded as a man of integrity, and he was much beloved in the family circle. Mr. Hatz was a member of the Reformed church. He was identified with the Republican party. On Nov. 22, 1847, Mr. Hatz married Harriet Spoonhower, and to this union were born the fol- lowing children : John, who died at the age of three years; Frederick, who died in 1892, at the age of forty-four years, married Emma Hartley, and they had six children; Mary, who died Jan. 11, 1896, married Benjamin F. Bard; Miss S. Alice, at home; Harry, who died, unmarried, in 1891 ; Emma H., married James S. Nowlen, a tailor in Lancaster; Charles, who married Anna N. Kellar, deceased, lives at home with his one daughter, Fanny M. ; Samiiel, a cigar merchant in Lancaster, married Viola Heise, and they have one daughter, Minnie, and George, who is a sign and ornamental painter in Lancaster, married Maria Simpson, and they have three children. B. F. KINZER. Prominent and highly esteemed among the leading citizens of New Holland is B. F. Kinzer, the worthy representative of an old and honored family of Lancaster county, which has long been identified with her agricultural interests. The Kinzer family originated in Germany, where great-grandfather Jacob Kinzer was born, coming to Lancaster county in 1729, where he found pioneer conditions, being one of the early settlers. Here he founded a family which has done honor to their ancestor, and now ranks with the most highly respected in the State. Michael, the son of Jacob Kinzer, reared a family of seven children: Caitherine, Mary, Elizabeth, Margaret, William, George and Jacob, . all of whom became respected members of society, lived agricultural lives, and were connected with the Lutheran church. William Kinzer became a prosperous farmer in Earl township, married Katherine Weidler, and they reared a family of nine children: Louisa C, ■who married Amos Lemon; Caroline M., who died single; Maria, who married Abraham Smoker; Elizabeth E., single; B. F., the subject of this biography, born April 29, 1825 ; Lucetta A., who married Mathias S. Hurst; William W., who died October i, 1900; Margaret W., who married John Wallace; and Lydia A., deceased. Born and reared on a farm, B. F. Kinzer has been an enthusiastic farmer all his life, passing forty years as one of the successful agriculturists of Lancaster county. With a five-dollar bill in his pocket, he started out in youth to earn his own way in the world, and has succeeded beyond expectation, being now one of the county's substantial men, the owner of four well-improved farms, and identified with much of the progress of his township. For a number of years he filled township offices, and is now one of the directors in the New Holland and Downingtown Railroad. The estimable lady who became the wife of B. F. Kinzer, in 1853, was Miss H. Caroline Youndt, born Nov. 15, 1825, a daughter of Henry Youndt, of East Earl township, and she still survives, in good health, and it is the wish of the neighborhood that both she and husband may be spared many years. The family born to Mr. and Mrs. Kinzer consisted of three children, the eldest daughter, Maria Magdalena, remaining with her parents, both Catherine W., and H. Caroline having died in child- hood. Mr. Kinzer is a consistent member of the Lutheran church, and is a man who has lived uprightly, doing his full duty, in every relation of life, thus being one of the representative men of a county where the majority are honest, industrious and law abiding. FREDERICK VALENTINE GRAB, de- ceased, for many years a highly esteemed and honored citizen of Columbia, Pa., was born in Schonau, Germany, Feb. 14, 1806, and was there reared and educated. In 1832 he emigrated to America with his parents, Jacob and Elizabeth (Kern) Grab, and located in Columbia, where the father lived a retired life. In Germany he had always engaged in agricultural pursuits. Both parents were suffocated by gas from a leaking pipe and died the same night, Jan. 3, 1861, at the age of eighty-one and seventy-six years, respectively, their remains being interred in the Catholic cemetery of Columbia. Frederick V. was the oldest of their children, the others being Andrew, who was drowned in a canal; Elizabeth, who married first Frederick Renter, second Ulrich Vogel and third John Hinke, and died in Columbia ; and Peter, who is living retired in Columbia. After locating in Columbia, in 1832, Frederick V. Grab made that city his home throughout the remainder of his life with the exception of a few years, two of which were spent upon a farm in York county. Pa. -He then went to Ohio with his parents, traveling in wagons, but after a short time spent there, they all returned to Columbia. He was engaged in the butcher business for a few years, and later successfully engaged in contracting, such as building houses and the wharves of the Susque- hanna River; also the grading of streets and the turnpike from Columbia to Washington borough. In 1850 he opened a grocery store which he con- ducted for many years. He was an ardent supporter of the Democratic party and a devout member of the Catholic church. He was known for his kind hospitality. He died Feb. 18, 1876, honored and respected by all who knew him. Mr. Grab was twice married, his first wife being 356 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Mary Helpling, who died in 1856, and by that union he had four children: (^l_) Catherine became the wife of Joseph Lutz, a retired citizen of Columbia, and they had the following children: George F. Squire; Mary, wife of P. Chalfant; William, proprietor of the "White Swan Hotel" ; Elizabeth, wife of Sherman Swingler; Joseph, proprietor of the . "Fifth Street Hotel" ; Margaret, wife of Clem Hoghentogler, deceased ; and Anna, wife of Peter Roeser. (2) Frederick died in Colum- bia. (3) Joseph married Mary Beck, and is living retired in Allegheny, Pa. They had five children: Thomas, Ida (both deceased), Mary, Emma and Rose. (4) George is deceased. In York, Pa., Mr. Grab was again married, Jan. 15, 1857, his second wife being Louise Tavernier, and to them were born six children, namely: (i) Mary G. is the wife of Henry H. Gerfin, a black- smith of Columbia, and had the following children : Katherine A. and H. Gustave, both deceased; Mathilde E., a teacher in the public schools of Columbia; Louis H., a blacksmith; Frederick V., a blacksmith ; Louise T. ; Harry E., deceased ; Marie C. ; George P. ; H. Albert ; William A. ; John L. ; Edna A., and E. Harold; (2) Louise, (3) Peter and (4) Elizabeth, all died in childhood. (5) Harry, a blacksmith in Columbia, married Caroline Brommer, and had the following children: Lenius, Frederick, John, Louis, Harry, Wilhelmina, Charles, William, Caroline and Christian; (6) Louise is a music teacher and organist of St. Paul's Evangelical Lutheran church, Columbia. Mrs. Grab was born in Gonnheim, Rheinpfalz, Germanv, in 1837, a daugh- ter of Peter and Mary Katherine (Egle) Tavernier, also natives of Rheinpfalz, where the father, a farmer by occupation, died in 1841, at the age of thirty-eight years. .The mother came to America in 1856 and located in Columbia, Pa., where she died June 27, 1866, aged sixty-three years. Their children were: Anna B., wife of Frank Dout, a retired citizen of Columbia; Anna Katherine, who married George Gundel, and died in Columbia; Julia A., who married Christ Kraft, and died in Columbia; and Louise, now Mrs. Grab. Mrs. Grab has been a devout member of St. Paul's German Evangelical Lutheran church since its organization, in 1859. JOHN B. LANDIS. Among the prominent and substantial retired farmers of Lancaster county, whose agricultural activities were confined to Upper Leacock township during many years, is John B. Landis, who was born Jan. 8, 1828, son of Benjamin and Mary (Buchwalder) Landis, of East Lampeter township, whose farm was in Upper Leacock town- ship. The father died after about fifteen years of retirement, at the age of seventy-one; the mother died at the age of sixty-nine years. These good Christian people were buried in the Groffdale cemetery. They led worthy lives, and were mem- bers of the Mennonite Church. The children born to Benjamin and Mary Landis were: Elizabeth, of East Earl township, who first married Samuel Weaver, and is now the widow of Peter Zimmer- man ; Mary, who married Wayne Bare, a prominent farmer, whose sketch may be found elsewhere; John B., whose name opens this record; David B., who was murdered in Lancaster, Pa.; Hettie, who is the widow of John G. Bare, of Upper Leacock township; Fianna, who is the widow of Abraham R. Grabell; Jacob, who was in the cattle business, and died in Chicago; and Harriet, who married Isaac Sprecher, of New Holland, Pennsylvania. John B. Landis was reared on the farm in Upper Leacock township, where for a number of years he carried on successful agricultural operations. Mr. Landis has been a lifelong resident of Upper Lea- cock, and for thirty-seven years has resided on his present farm. He is one of the highly respected citizens of his locality. Mr. Landis was married Dec. 20, 1852, in Lancaster, Pa;,' to Miss Maria G. Sheibly. They had no children. Mrs. Landis died May 30, 1898, at the age of sixty-five years, and was buried in the Stumptown cemetery. She was a member of the Mennonite Church at Stump- town, with which Mr. Landis also united. Mrs. Landis was a sister of Abrah G. Sheibly, of Upper Leacock township, and a daughter of Henry and Susanna (GrofiE) Sheibly, all members of the Reformed Church. Mr. and Mrs. Landis commenced farming April I, 1853, on his father's farm in Upper Leacock township, where they remained altogether twelve years, after the first five years taking the place at $140 per acre. On April i, 1865, they took up their residence on property in Upper Leacock bought from John Sigel, having paid $6,500 for eighteen acres, with improvements ; this is the place where Mr. Landis still resides. He has made a number of purchases since, viz. : On May 19, 1870, he bought from Christian Kendig four acres covered with chestnut timber, in Paradise township, paying $80.25 per acre ; on Aug. 21, 1879, he bought of Jacob Hildebrand twenty-nine acres in Upper Leacock township, with improvements, formerly the Adam Ranck property, for which he gave $7,050; on April 2, 1883, he bought from Benjamin L. Denlinger, trustee of Christian Myliw, four acres with improvements in Upper Leacock, for which he paid $1,200; on April i, 1885, he bought from Daniel .Smocker, another tract in the same town- ship, consisting of fourteen acres, without improve- ments, paying $225 per acre; on April i, 1891, he bought from Abraham K. Landis, ninety-five acres, with good improvements, in East Lampeter town- ship, which cost him $155 per acre; on April i, 1894, he bought from Benjamin B. Landis, three acres of unimproved land in Upper Leacock town- ship, paying $190 per acre ; on March 15, 1899, he bought from Frances M. Lenox a house and lot at Gap, in Salisbury township, for which he paid $800. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 857 _ Mr. Landis for eighteen years was a school director, and he has always taken a great interest in public matters, adhering in his political belief to the Republican party. He has been a director in the Fulton National Bank for many years, and in that, as in every other trust reposed in him, has proved himself faithful and trustworthy. BENJAMIN R. LANDIS, one of the promi- nent retired farmers of Upper Leacock township, is a native of that town, born Aug. lo, 1834. His father, Benjamin Landis, was born in 1801, and died in 1871, and his mother, who was bom in 1803, died in 1870; both were buried in the Groffdale cemetery. LTntil his retirement, some fourteen years before his death, he engaged in farming, and was prominent in public matters in the township, efficiently filling the offices of both supervisor and assessor. He was a son of John Landis, like him- self a farmer of East Lampeter township. Benjamin B. Landis was reared on the farm, and learned under his father the principles which made him a good agriculturist. Two years prior to his marriage he went to work for his brother David, on a farm, and later began farming in West Earl township, where he continued for ten years, removing then to Leacock township, and four years later coming to his present farm. In 1896 he gave up active work, and since that time has lived in the enjoyment of comforts suitable to his ample means. Mr. Landis has been identified with much of the progress and improvement of the county, and has been greatly interested in educational matters, serv- ing as school director of his township for six years. In public enterprises he has been a leader for twelve years, being a director of the New Holland Bank, and for fourteen years he was manager of the New Holland turnpike. In politics he has always been one of the stanch supporters of the Republican party. For many years he has been an active member of the Mennonite Church, into which faith he was born. Mr. Landis was married Dec. 14, 1858, in Phila- delphia, to Barbara Ann Groff, and children as follows were born to this union : Mary C, married Alfred Evans, a farmer of Manheim township, and they have seven children; Ida A., married Dr. Leroy Leslie, of Bareville, Pa.; Benjamin G., a prominent farmer, married Emma Eby, of Upper Leacock township, and they have two children; Cora died young ; Anna died young ; John G. is at home ; Alice is at home. Mrs. Barbara A. (Groff) Landis was born in Earl township Nov. 2, 1838, daughter of Abraham and Catherine (Shaffer) Groff, both natives of Earl township, and members of old and prominent families. Abraham Groff died in 1886, aged seventy-two years, and his wife survived until 1894, dying at the age of seventy-eight years. These pious and esteemed people were laid to rest in the Groffdale cem.etery. Their only child was Barbara A., wife of Mr. Landis. The paternal grand- parents of Mrs. Landis, Samuel and Barbara (Mus- selman) Groff, were direct descendants of the old Swiss families of those names, and the former was a son of Hans, the pioneer settler of the Groff family ; more extended notice of its earlier members will be found elsewhere. The maternal grand- parents, Peter and Susannah (Hull) Shaffer, were also representatives of old and established families ; Peter Shaffer was long connected with the farming interests of this county. JESSE BROSIUS, a noted farmer in Colerain township, Lancaster county, was born in Chester county, Sept. 9, 1833, and is a son of William and Lydia (Pennock) Brosius. William Brosius was born in Chester county in 1798, and his wife near Kennett Square in 1804. She was a daughter of Joshua and Lydia Pennock, natives of Chester county, and of Scotch-Irish ancestry. William Brosius was the son of Henry and Mary (Roberts) Brosius. His father came from Germany, with one brother, and made his home in . Chester county, and there married Mary Roberts. He was the founder of the family, all trace of the brother being lost. He died as a farmer in Chester county. He and his wife became members of the Friends church, to which his children, fifteen in number have all adhered. They were as follows : Isaac, of Chester county; Beniamin, who married a Miss Booth and went to Ohio; Harper, 'who married and moved to Ohio; Mahlon, who married a Miss Kent, and was a potter in Chester county.; Nathan, who lived and died in Delaware ; William ; Charles and Amos, both of whom settled in Ohio; Abner, a farmer in Lancaster county, who died in Chester county; Henry, who lived and died in Chester county; Joseph, who had a farm at Andrews' Bridge, where he died, leaving one son, Joseph P., now of Philadelphia; Mary Ann, who married Evan Bolton, and died at London Grove, Chester county; Sarah, who married Daniel Kent, and lived on her father's old homestead in Chester county; Agnes, who married Edwin Cook, and had her home in Indiana; Ruth Anna, who married Charles Reese, and lived at Atglen, Chester county. William Brosius spent the most of his boyhood and youth in Montgomery county, in the home of an uncle, by name Roberts. When a young man he came back to Chester county, married Lydia Pen- nock in 1827, and lived in Chester county for a few years. In 1835 he bought a farm in Colerain town- ship, where he and his wife made their home for a time in a little log house. Later, he put up good buildings on this farm, where they both lived to celebrate their golden wedding in 1877. They were members of the Friends' church, of which he was a minister, officiating in that capacity for many vears. His wife died in 1884; and he, in i88§. Strongly anti-slavery in his convictions, he was op- posed to the prosecution of the war. Besides Jesse, 358 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the subject of this sketch, they had seven children: (i) Phoebe A. and (2) WiUiam died in childhood; (3) Pennock, who was born in Chester county, was reared in the home of his grandfather, Joshua Pennock, and died at the age of thirty years ; (4) Levi, born in Chester county, married Miss Sarah Wright of Lancaster countv, followed the shoe- making trade in the former county and dying in 1900, left four children: Frank, who married Margaret Glenn; Lydia, who married Hartley Pennock; Addie, who married a Mr. Roberts of West Chester; and Maggie, who married James Hannum, of Philadelphia; (5) Allen R., born in Lancaster county, married Miss Mary J. Penning- ton, lives on a farm in that county and has three children: Owen, Lewis and Mabel; (6) Addie, married Pusey Coats and has her home on his farm in Chester county. They have four children : Eva, William B., Alice R., and Anna; (7) Joshua P., born in Lancaster county, married Miss Leila Harrar and now resides on the old homestead. They have one daughter, Elsie May. Jesse Brosius was educated in the home schools, and began life for himself as a farmer and fruit raiser. In 1854 he married Miss Elizabeth Taylor, and three years later bought his present home, which had at that time a log cabin and a log barn. In 1864 he put up a modern house, and in 1878 a fine bam. Mr. Brosius is very extensively engaged in the cultivation of small and standard fruits. Mrs. Brosius died in 1888, leaving five children : (i) MifHin P., born in 1855, moved to Iowa when a young man, where he married a Miss Guss. They now reside in Nebraska; (2) Anna M., bom in 1857, married George Senderling, of Philadelphia; (3) William A., born in June, 1859, married Miss Esther Keiser, of Lancaster county, and lives on a farm in Chester county; they have five children living, Clyde, Ada, Warren, Pauline and Earnest; (4) Jacob T., born in Oct., 1862, married Miss Belle Haines, and is a conductor on an electric road from 'Philadelphia to West Chesteir. They live in the latter city and have,' four living children: Ethel, Addie, Helen and Russell Taylor ; Ross died in' childhood. (5) Jessie Louetta, born in June, 1869, married Frank Taylor, a telegraph operator in Philadelphia, and is the mother of four children : Anna, Hazel, Marion and Florence. Mr. Brosius was married to his present wife, Mary K. Harris, in Oct., 1889. She was an adopted daughter of Daniel and Sarah Kent. Mrs. Brosius was born in 1853 in Chester county, and is the mother of one son, Edgar J., who was born Jan. 30, 1891. Mr. and Mrs. Brosius belong to the Friends' church. He voted the Republican ticket in former years, but lately he has taken up with the Prohibi- tionists, and now votes that ticket. William Henry Brosius, member from this district in the Legislature, was the son of Abner Brosius. The Hon. Marriott Brosius (deceased), whose sketch appears on another page, was a son of Clarkson Brosius and a cousin of Jesse Brosius. The family is widely known, and their ability, pacific principles, and unswerving justice and integrity have made them many friends. HARVEY SEIPLE, a retired business man of Quarry ville, was born in Drumore township, Lan- caster county, Feb. 19, 1841. He is the son of John and Susan. (Anglenine) Seiple. John Seiple, the father, was born in Montgomery county. Pa., in 1813. Mrs. Seiple was born in Northampton county, Pa., in April, 1815. John was the son of Samuel Seiple, who was born in Germany, and his wife Magdelina Shipe was also of German origin. Samuel Seiple settled on a farm in Drumore township, and for many years taught school in the county. He reared a family of five sons: Joseph, David, Samuel, George and John, the father of our subject. They are all dead except David, who resides in Chester county. Of the brothers, Sahiuel and George never married. Joseph made his home in Drumore township and there died. John Seiple married and settled on a farm in Drumore township, where he continued until 1896, when he bovight a home in Quarryville, and lived a retired life until his death in 1898. His widow is still living in the home place, at the age of eighty- seven years. This couple reared a family of nine children, (i) William Seiple, who was born in Lancaster county, married Miss Tillie Hannah, of Maryland. When a young man he served in the Civil war in Co. G, Pa. Cav., and took part in a number of battles. After the war he was engaged, with his brother, our subject, in the oil fields, fields, Venango county, for twenty years, and then went to New York State where he sunk artesian wells for some time. In 1888 he engaged himself with an English syndicate to drive oil wells in India, and with two of his sons. Gay and John, is in that country at the present time. His wife and the rest of the family, Maud, May and Bert, reside in Lancaster city. (2) Samuel Seiple was born in Lancaster county and married Miss Mary J. Potts, of Lancaster county, and they now reside at Prince- ton, 111., where the husband is engaged in mercan- tile pursuits ; they had five children : Edward, who died when young ; William, Owen, Lee and Hattie, all being teachers in Illinois. (3) Harvey Seiple, our subject, was the next child. (4) Mary A. Seiple, deceased, was born in 1843, ^^^ married Jacob Rintz, of Lancaster county, arid left a family of nine children: John, Harry, Charles, Laura, Emma, Mary, Ida, Lilli, and Minnie. (5) Catharine Seiple, deceased, was born in 1846, and married Simon Reese, of Providence, Lancaster county, and left a large family as follows: Dora, Harvey, Luticia, Lisle, May, Lottie, Maud, Lemuel, Melo and Sue. (6) Charles Seiple was born in 1852, and married Susan Gochman, of Lancaster county, and BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 8£9 they reside in Drumore township, where he is a merchant, also serving as postmaster of the place; they have the following children: Lulu, Carrie, Harry, Charles, Maisy, Edna and Arthur. (7) Thomas Seiple was born in 1848, and during the Civil war was a soldier in the 53rd Pa. Regi- ment and served until the close of the war, after which he returned home and engaged in the oil business in Venango county. Pa. He married Miss Alice C. Brooks, of Lancaster county. His family is in Lancaster county, while he is engaged in the oil enterprises of India with his brotner. His children are as follows: Ada, Minnie (deceased), Jennie, AHce, Frank, Mamie, Mellie, Leon (deceased) and Chester. (8) James D. Seiple was born in 1854, and married Miss Carrie Jeffries, of Illinois, and they now reside in Carroll county, 111., where he follows farming. Their children are: Roy, Mabel and Frank. (9) Susan Seiple was born in 1856 and is the wife of David Rineer, of Quarry- ville ; they reside at Newark and have the following children : Percy, Celia, Abram and Clinton. Harvey Seiple was reared in Lancaster county, and received a common school education. When the Civil war broke out he enlisted in the 122nd P. V. I., Co. H, and was in the Army of the Potomac under Gen. McClellan. He took part in the battles of Antietam, Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, and in Alay, 1863, re-enlisted in Co. G, 21st Pa. Cav. for six months. He was engaged in the Shenandoah valley under Gen. Sheriden, and took part in a number of engagements. At the expira- tion of his second enlistment, he re-enlisted in the same regiment until the close of the war. He remained on duty until Lee surrendered. Under Phil Sheridan he was engaged at Cold Harbor, Hatches Run, Weldon Railroad, Poplar Springs Church, and Petersburg. After the war he returned home, and was married, in 1869, to Miss Louisa E. Brooks, of Lancaster, daughter of Benjamin and Jane (Barnett) Brooks. Mrs. vSeiple was born in Drumore township, in 1846, where she was reared and educated, and for several years before she was married, taught school. Three children were born to this linion, all of whom died in infancy. Alice L. Seiple, a niece, was reared by Mr. and Mrs. Seiple. After his marriage Mr. Seiple entered the oil fields of "Venango county, and was engaged in the oil business for eighteen years. He met with an accident while there, caused by a mill explosion, which for a time seriously injured him. In 1888 he returned to Lancaster county, and for a time engaged in the restaurant business. About six years later he undertook a livery business, which he managed successfully. In 1898 his wife died in Quarryville borough. She was a member of the M. E. church. On Oct. 9, 1901, Mr. Seiple married for his second wife Miss Louella Holmes, daughter of Dr. J. E. Holmes, of Virginia. They now reside in Quarryville. He is a member of the Republican party but seeks no office. He affiliates with the Reformed church. Mr. Seiple is a member of the W. S. Bryerly Post, 511, G. A. R., of Quarry- ville, and filled all the chairs in that order. Mr. Seiple's family is one of the most respected in the county, and deservedly so, as four sons of the family volunteered their services at the call of their country. They did their duty manfully, and no record for bravery stands higher than that of the "Seiple boys" as they were known in those times. They are men of honor to-day in the community, and respected and loved by all who know them. HENRY BURGER, a thoroughly experienced and eminently successful builder and contractor in the city of Lancaster, where in almost any direction the eye notes some of his excellent work, was born Sept. 20, 1839, in Mansalt, Prussian-Germany, a son of John and Mary (Styer) Burger, of the same country, where they were most worthy members of' the Reformed church, and where the father was an extensive farmer. John Burger died in 185 1, aged forty-one years, his widow surviving until i860, reaching the age of forty-six years. Their children were Margaret, born in Prussian-Germany, married to Philip Hump; William, an officer in the United States army, who died in California ; Charlotte, who died in Germany, aged seventeen years ; and Henry. The Burger family was well and favorably known in the neighborhood of AUendorf, Germany. When but thirteen years of age, Mr. Burger was apprenticed and learned the carpenter trade very thoroughly, so that when, at the age of seventeen years, he came to America to work as a journey- man, he commanded the best salary paid to any one in that line of work, and soon was made foreman of the crew that built the railroad shops in Lancaster, retaining the position for four years. Since that time Mr. Burger has been continuously and actively employed in building and contracting, some of his work being Vegar's Brewery, in Phila- delphia, and the buildings in Mammonth Park, at Long Branch. In 1869, Mr. Burger began con- tracting and building operations on his own responsibility and continued until 1873, when he embarked in a planing mill business with Amos Urban. For twelve years this enterprise was carried on with great success, but in 1885 the partnership was dissolved, Mr. L^rban retiring on account of ill health, Mr. Burger, however, continuing the plant. In 1887 the plant was destroyed by fire, entailing a loss of $46,000. After the destruction of the plan- ing mill, Mr. Burger returned to Philadelphia, easily secured work with wages of five dollars a day, and there remained for three years, then returning to Lancaster to make this city his permanent home. Here he engaged in contracting and building and has erected many of the hand- somest residences and most substantial business blocks in the city. The elegant John Kellar resi- dence is a sample of his skill, as is also the elaborate Eshleman mansion and other homes of beauty and 360 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY utility, while a few of the business houses are: the old Eshleman Block, now used as the Western Union Telegraph ofSce; the City Saving Fund and Trust Co.; the Long & Davison Building; and the great six-story brick factory occupied by the Moss Cigar Co., one of the largest buildings of its kind in the State, to which a handsome, up-to-date addi- tion is being made. In 1862 Mr. Burger joined the engineer corps of the United States army and remained a member of it during the progress of the Civil war, this being one of the most useful and necessary departments in the service. Mr. Burger, as an expert workman, received $125 per month, and earned it, travelling from one point to another, building bridges and looking after construction work of various kinds. He has made a reputation in his line that reaches all over the State. Although Mr. Burger has erected many more ornate build- ings, he feels well satisfied with the great factory before noted, its perfect proportions, its massive appearance and substantial construction meeting with his approval. In iiS6o, Mr. Burger was united in marriage, in Lancaster, with Katharina Arnold, who was a daughter of Michal Arnold and was born in Bavaria, Germany, in 1838. The father was a farmer of wealth and influence in Germany, but never left his native land. The mother, however, crossed the Atlantic ocean four times and lived four years in Lancaster county, but died in Germany. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Burger are the following : John A., a mechanic and the foreman of a planing mill at Atlantic City, N. J., married to Amelia Shenberger ; Anna, who is the wife of Henry N. Howell, an insurance agent, and is the mother of two children ; Caroline, the widow of Samuel Haverstick, residing with her father; and Barbara, at home. Mr. Burger has always taken much interest in politics, but has never consented to hold any office. He has long been a member of the Order of Odd Fellows. From youth he has belonged to the Reformed church. Few men in Lancaster are better known or more highly respected than Henry Burger, and he justly holds a position at the head of his profession. MARTIN D. KENDIG, who has been secretary and treasurer of the Manor Mutual Fire Insurance Company since its organization in 1886, has in that and numerous other capacities earned the right to be classed among the most progressive and public- spirited citizens of his locality. As to his financial success, it has been gained independently, for he was early thrown on his own resources. Mr. kendig was born Feb. 5, 1833, on the farm which he still occupies, son of Martin and Elizabeth CMellinger) Kendig, the former of whom was born' May I, 1799, near Creswell, and died March 30, 1846, in Manor township ; the mother was born March i, 1806, and died in her eighty-sixth year. ' Martin Kendig was a farmer, owning about seventy acres, which he cultivated until his death. He was a member of the Menno'nite Church, and a Repub- lican in politics. To him and his wife were bom ten children: Mary, Elizabeth, Susan, Fannie, Martin D., John, Anna, Sarah, Isaiah and Elizabeth (2), five of whom are deceased. Martin D. Kendig received his early education in the common schools, and also attended for a short time the State Normal School at Millersville, and the Strasburg Academy. After his father's death, however, he was obliged to leave school, and from that time continued his studies only in the intervals of work. That he has made the most of every oppor- tunity in this direction is evident, for he is unusually well informed. At one time he took up the study of medicine, but abandoned his intention of becoming a practitioner on account of his poor health, as he found it was necessary for him to lead a more active life. His life occupation has been farming. From early youth he assisted in conducting the homestead place, part of which he now owns, having fifty acres. In addition to general farming Mr. Kendig makes a specialty of tobacco raising, and keeps fine stock, and he has prospered in every line, his progressive spirit making itself apparent in every feature of the management of his property. It has been brought to its present attractive condition by his labor, and the home with all its surroundings bespeaks intelli- gent and unceasing care. Mr. Kendig's fellow citi- zens have not been slow to note this characteristic, and he is a prominent member of the Lancaster County Agricultural Society, of which he-has served eight years as secretary and ten years as treasurer. Such a record speaks for itself. For many years he was an active member of the Tobacco Growers Association, of which he was president, and he be- longs to the Horticultural Society. Of late years, however, his attention has been largely directed toward the affairs of the Manor Fire Insurance Company, of which he was one of the promoters, and a charter member. On its organization, in 1886, he was elected secretary, in which office he has ever since continued to serve, and in 1888 he was elected treasurer, in which incumbency he has also been re- tained to the present day. He was acting treasurer from the start. Mr. Kendig has been an earnest and efficient worker in every movement for the advance- ment or benefit of his town and county, especially educational affairs, and has served as school director of Manor township. Politically he is a Republican. On Nov. 19, 1885, Mr. Kendig married Miss Fannie Dambach, daughter of Martin and Elizabeth (Herr) Dambach, farming people near Columbia, who had a family of twelve children, all yet living, namely: Mary, Susan, John, Fannie, Martin, Henry, Joseph, Catherine, Amos, Adam, David and Lizzie. Mr. Dambach passed away Nov. 12, 1875, aged sixty-two years, one month, twenty-one days. The mother passed away July 19, 1901, in her eighty- fifth year and was buried in a private cemetery near BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 361 Letort. She was a member of the Mennonite Church. Mr. and Mrs. Kendig joined the Men- nonite Church in 1901. CHRISTIAN S. B. HERR (deceased) was in his hfe time one of the leading men of Lancaster county. Born in West Lampeter township, Sept. II, 1838, he was a son of Benjamin and Catherine (Barr) Herr. His boyhood days were passed on the old homestead, and his education was secured in the public schools. Early in life he associated him- self with a manufacturing establishment in Lancas- ter, under the firm name of Backman, Stoner & Herr, engaging in the manufacture of farm implements. After a short time the business was suspended, and Mr. Herr returned to farming, locating at Big Springs, West Lampeter township, on a place con- taining forty-five acres. His attention was given to agricultural pursuits. Mr. Herr was at one time tax collector in the town, and was among the most highly esteemed citizens of the township. His death occurred Feb. 21, 1884. His religious affiliations were with the old Mennonite Church. Mr. Herr was married Sept. 29, 1868, to Miss Elizabeth, a daughter of Daniel and Annie C. (Bren- neman) Herr. Mrs. Herr was born in Strasburg, on the old homestead, where her son Jefferson is now established. To this union were born : Enos B., born Sept. 14, 1869, died July 21, 1870; Hafry B., born June 21, 1871 ; Daniel Jefferson, born July 5, 1873; Anna Caitherine, born March 31, 1876, is the wife of Frank Hauser, and they reside with the mother at her home in Big Springs, in West Lam- peter township. Mrs. Herr and her children are all members of the Old Mennonite church, and move among the most respected people of the county. JOHN K. LINEAWEAVER, M. D., is one of Columbia's best known and most successful practi- tioners. His birthplace was Lebanon, and his fa- ther, George P., was also a physician. His paternal grandparents were Peter and Susanna (Gilbert) Lineaweaver, also of Lebanon, his grandfather be- ing a hotel keeper and for many years the proprietor of a stage line, running between Reading and Har- risburg. Dr. Lineaweaver was the third of a fam- ily of six sons. His two elder brothers, George P. and Simeon T., were also members of the same profession, and are both deceased. His younger brothers were named Samuel T., Washington K. and Albert, Samuel is the editor of The Daily Season, of Philadelphia. Mrs. George P. Lineaweaver, the mother of the gentleman whose life is so imperfectly sketched in these paragraphs, was Sarah Toby. Her father, Simeon, was of English birth, and commanded his own vessel, which was engaged in the trans-Atlantic carrying trade. He enjoyed an enviable reputation, both as a mariner and a man. His wife, Dr. Line- aweaver's maternal grandmother, was born in Phil- adelphia. On June 2, 1868, at Columbia, the Doctor was married to Miss Jane McClung Strickler Crane, a daughter of the distinguished Col. Robert Crane, a sketch of whose life and family may be found in the succeeding paragraphs. Of this union were born four children. Robert C, the eldest, died in infancy. Jeannette C, the only daughter, was the wife of H. B. Stauffer, of Columbia. John K. died before completing his third year, and Fred W. is a student at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia. Mrs. Lineaweaver and Mrs. Stauffer are members of Chapter The Witness Tree, of the Daughters of the American Revolution. Col. Robert Crane, her father, was a man of pronounced public spirit, wide popularity and emi- nent distinction. He was born in the town of Lib- erty, then. within the old limits of Lycoming county, but now within the coniines of Clinton county. His parents were George Crane and Christiana Coven- hoven. His mother's family was among the first to settle in the New Netherlands, in 1630, and her more immediate ancestors were among the distin- guished pioneers of the Lycoming valley, and played a prominent part in protecting the white settlers from the midnight raids of the savages. Her father, Wolfert Covenhoven, was born in Monmouth Co., N. J., in 1755. He was a civil engineer by pro- fession, and served as a scout in the army of Wash- ington. He lived to the remarkable age of ninety- one years, dying Oct. 29, 1846. George Crane owned an extensive farm in Tippecanoe township, stretching alone the river three miles from Jersey Shore, on which he settled in 1819. Robert was his second child and eldest son, and passed his boy- hood and youth on the paternal acres. On reaching man's estate he married Elizabeth M. Strickler, of Columbia, and he and his young wife took up their home in Jersey Shore, Mrs. Strickler's parents were Jacob and Jane (McClung) Strickler, of Lan- caster county. Jacob was a farmer, a large land owner and a miller. Robert Crane was a man whose business ability was as .pronounced as his moral character was un- spotted. While yet a young man he evinced a re- markable aptitude for managing enterprises of mag- nitude. He erected the large brick block in Jersey Shore, near the approach of the bridge across the river, a structure which was long known as the Crane Arcade, and was prominently identified with milling and lumber interests. In i860 he became interested in the building of the Columbia & Reading Railroad, and removed to Columbia. For several years after the completion of the line he was its superintendent. He was also an influential factor in the organization of the company which built the Bound Brook Railroad, and was largely interested in the road's construction. At the time of his death he was president of the Delaware & Lancaster Railroad Company, whose line extended from Lancaster to Phoenixville. Politically Col. Crane followed his ancestral tra- 362 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ditions. He was always a Democrat, yet while op- posing the election of President Lincoln he gave the national administration loyal and hearty sup- port in its efforts to suppress the rebellion. When the Confederate forces, led by Lee and "Stonewall" Jackson, approached Columbia, he was the first to apply the torch to the bridge, the rebel forces being within one hundred feet of the farther approach across the river. His prompt action saved Columbia and a large portion of Lancaster county from inva- sion, and for it he was thanked and commended in a general order promulgated by Gen. Crouch, com- manding the Division of the Susquehanna. In addition to the other responsible posts so ably filled by Col. Crane, he was for several years a di- rector of the Susquehanna Iron Company, and vice- president of the First National Bank of Columbia. About 1885 lie removed from Columbia to Phila- delphia, where he engaged actively in real estate and insurance business. He received his title of colonel through being appointed on the staff of Gov. Big- ler, with that rank. In 1858 he was elected to rep- lesent Lycoming county in the lower house of the legislature. He served his constituents so well that he was chosen to represent them for a second term, and his public record is without stain. He was a devout member of the Presbyterian Church, and a liberal supporter of the cause of re- ligion. He was, nevertheless, tolerant of all faiths, and genuinely charitable toward the failings of his fellow mortals. His temperament was affectionate and genial; his instincts generous; and his urbane manner made him a welcome guest in social inter- course. In 1856 the late John F. Meginness dedi- cated to him the first edition of his "History of West Branch Valley,'' in recognition of the sympathy and encouragement extended to him by one who never turned a deaf ear to a worthy appeal for help, and who regarded God's poor as the continuing heritage of God's children. To Col. Crane and wife five children were born, of whom. Mrs. Dr. Lineaweaver is the eldest. The others were: George; Creacy, Mrs. H. O, Chap- man, of Germantown ; Robert, the husband of AUce Hershey, of Philadelphia ; , and Elizabeth, who is unmarried and resides in Columbia. H. FRANK ESHLEMAN, attorney-at-law, Avith convenient and well appointed offices at No. 48 North Duke street, Lancaster, belongs to one of the oldest, most numerous and most influential families in the county, his first ancestor in this country, Jacob Eshleman, having arrived in America, from Rotter- dam, in August, 1729. David B. Eshleman, the father of H. Frank, was a son of David Eshleman, who was born in Hemp- field township, this county, in 1805, and who spent a goodly portion of his life in his native place, but about 1830 removed to Martic township, where he became recognized as a prominent farmer and where he followed his agricultural pursuits to the time of his death, which occurred in 1876. The others of the family were: Jacob; Harry; Barbara, who married Jacob Stauffer; and Hettie, who married a Mr. Bear ; all of these have long since passed away. David Eshleman was twice married. His first wife was a JVfiss Harnish, who died about 1850, and his second wife was Mrs. Sensenig, a widow, who passed away several years ago. David B. Eghleman, son of the above, was bom at Marticville, in Lancaster county, on Aug. 28, 1841, and was, like his father, a progressive and prominent farmer. In early manhood he married Miss Alary Elizabeth Charles, who belonged to another promi- nent family of this county. His death took place on Nov. 16, 1898, but his widow still survives. From this union six children were born : Martin C, who married Bernarda Miller and has two children, — Edith and Anna; Charles R., who married Kate Buckwalter and has three children, — Elizabeth, Mary and Leigh; Martha; Anna; William G. ; and H. Frank. H. Frank Eshleman was educated in the schools of his district and remained on his father's farm until he reached the age of eighteen, at which time he en- tered as a student at the State Normal School at Millersville, and was graduated from that great in- stitution of learning in 1890. For the following year he engaged in teaching in the public schools of Lancaster county and the two subsequent years he was a member of the faculty of his Alma Mater, devoting all the leisure time he found during the last two years to the study of law. The next step was his entrance into the senior class of the law department of the University at Ann Arbor, Mich., from which he was graduated in 1894, with the degree of LL. B. During the spring of that year he was admitted to practice law in the lower courts of Michigan, as well as in the Supreme Court of that State, and in the U. S. District Court, but the following fall he returned to Lancaster and entered the office of Hon. Marriott Brosius, member of Con- gress from this district, where, after reading law ■ for six weeks, in order to familiarize himself with the practice in this State, he passed a very creditable examination and was admitted to practice in the courts of Lancaster county. This was in Oct., 1894, and from that day to this he has been pressing stead- ily to the front as a lawyer, being now associated in different cases with many of the oldest members of the bar, and enjoying a most lucrative practice. Socially Mr. Eshleman is a member of Charles M. Howell Lodge, No. 496, F. & A. M., of Millers- ville; of Kosciusko Lodge, No. 374, I. O. O. F., of Rawlinsville, this county ; Jay Council, No. 1003, Jr. O. U. A. M., of this county; White Cross Coin- mandery. Knights of Malta, Lancaster; Emanuel Senate, No. 959, Ancient Essenic Order; to the Lancaster Bar Association, and to the Young Re- publicans, being a stanch and ardent Republican. Up to the spring of 1901 Mr. Eshleman main- tained his residence in the country, but in April of BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 363 that 3rear he brought his mother and sisters, to whom he is greatly devoted, to Lancaster, and established the family home at No. 332 North Lime street. With a magnetic personality, the ability quickly to grasp a legal point, and studiously devoted to the honored profession which he has adopted, Mr. Esh- leman's future is confidently anticipated by all who know him, as one of unusual promise. GEORGE W. GILLESPIE, M. D. A promi- nent physician of Lancaster county is Dr. George W. Gillespie, of Fulton township. He was born in Lancaster county Jan. 22, 1852, and is a son of N. H. Gillespie, of Maryland, and Mary Y. (Davis) Gillespie, of Chester county. Pa. The family is of Scotch, Irish and English origin. George Gillespie, the grandfather, was a native of Cecil county, Md. He married Miss Sallie Hall, of Maryland, and was the father of seven children, namely : Elisha ; Samuel E. ; Mary S. ; Gertrude ; G. Washington; Nicholas H., the father of Dr. George W. Gillespie ; and John E. Col. Elisha Hall, the Doctor's great-grandfather, was one of the "Mount Welcome" Halls, whose an- cestry settled on a large tract of land in Cecil coun- ty, Md., in 1690. His great-great-grandfather, John Ewing, D. D., was an eminent Presbyterian minister of his day. Nicholas H. Gillespie was married to Mary Y. Davis, of Chester Co., Pa., June 6, 1848. The- lady was a daughter of Samuel and Mary (Young) Da- vis, of Chester Co., Pa. This union resulted in the birth of six children: S. Davis Gillespie, who is a superintendent of coal mines in West Virginia; Dr. George W. ; John E., who is deceased; Sallie H. ; Gertrude E., the wife of William P. Haines, of West Virginia : and Miss Mary, of Philadelphia. Nich- olas H. Gillespie was born Jan. 6, 1820, and came to Lancaster county in 1850 ; he then removed to Vir- ginia, returned again to Lancaster county in 1889, and died there May 12, 1895. He was a strong Dem- ocrat all through life. He followed the mercantile business for over forty years. He was a member of the Presbyterian Church for many years. He was also a member of the I. O. O. F. Mrs. Gil- lespie was born Jan. 20, 1825, in Chester Co., Pa., and died in Cecil Co., Md., in 1879. Dr. George W. Gillespie was with his father in the store during his early life. On April 9, 1885, he married Miss Lizzie W. Nivin, of Newark, Del. She was a daughter of David E. Nivin, of Delaware, and comes of an English family. She was born March 9, 1850. Two children have been born to Dr. and Mrs. Gillespie, Nivin D. and J. E. H., both of whom are at home. Dr. Gillespie re- ceived his edtication in the district and high schools of Lancaster county, and graduated from the school of Medicine at the Maryland University in 1880. He first located at Conowingo, Md., followed his pro- fession there for nine years, and then came to Pleas- ant Grove, where he has met with merited success in the practice of his chosen profession. He is a self-made man, having received few advantages which were not gained by his own efforts. He is a member of the 1. O. O. F., K. of P. and I. O. Heptasophs. He is a Democrat in politics, and a member of the Presbyterian Church. The Doctor is devoted to his practice and, being of a benevolent character, has given considerable time to the poor of his neighborhood. He comes of distinguished Pennsylvania and Maryland families and holds well to their traditions. Both sides of his house were prominent in Revolutionary times and took leading parts in that struggle for liberty. The Doctor is well posted on all topics of the day and keeps closely in touch with all scientific matters of interest to him. GEORGE WEILER, a retired farmer of New Holland, was born in East Hempfield township, Lancaster county, Sept. 11, 1824, a son of Elder George and Anna (Gouchenauer) Weiler. George Weiler was born in Caernarvon township, and his wife in East Hempfield township. Elder Weiler was a farmer, and held the posi- tion of school director for six years. He died in 1865, having lived retired for fifteen years, and at- taining the advanced age of eighty-seven years, less five days. He was an elder in the Reformed Church, and with his wife, who died in 1871, at the age of seventy-one years, was buried in the Petersburg Mennonite cemetery. The family of Elder Weiler and his wife consisted* of the following children : David, who died young; George; Fanny, who died in infancy tPIenry, who was a farmer, and died at the age of sixty ;and Joseph, who died at the age of fifty-nine. The paternal grandparents of George Weiler were Andrew and Anna M. (Mark) Weiler, natives of Switzerland. Andrew Weiler was a child when he came to this country with his parents, and here he became a successful farmer. The maternal grandparents of Mr. Weiler were Joseph and Anna (Kauffman) Gouchenauer, of whom the former was a farmer and a weaver in Lancaster county. George Weiler was married in 1877, in East Earl township, to Levenia Kendig, and to their union were born: Anna M., Ruth E. and Elizabeth L., all of whom are at home. Mrs. Levenia (Kendig) Weiler was born in Iowa in 1843, a daughter of George and Mary (Sausman) Kendig, of Earl township, where they were married. Her father was a merchant and a farmer, and about 1840 removed to Ohio, going from there to Iowa, where he was engaged in farming many years. About 1874 he returned to Lancaster county and en- gaged in a mercantile business at first in Beartown, and then in Lancaster. In his younger days he operated a distillery, from which he went into a gen- eral store, and for a time was engaged in farming. His death occurred in 1882, at the age of seventy- one. His widow died in 1885, at the age of seven- 364 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ty-two. Both were buried in Lancaster, where they died, and whither they had removed in 1874 from Kansas, Hving retired the last years of their Hves. They were both members of the Methodist Church. They had the following children : Sarah, who mar- ried William Weidel, and is now deceased; John, deceased ; Edwin, deceased ; George, a farmer in Kansas ; Levenia, noted above as the wife of Mr. Weiler; William, deceased; Mary, who lives unmar- ried in Lancaster; Ottomar; Evelyn; Ida; Edward, deceased, as are also the last three members of the family; and Isaac, a clerk in Oakland, California. Mr. Weiler remained at home with his parents until their death, and in 1871 he'came to New Hol- land, where he lived until his marriage, when he began farming in that township. In 1899 he retired. In religion he holds to the Reformed Church, of which he is a zealous and active member. In his politics he is a Republican. Mr. Weiler has sold his farm, and in the spring of 1902 located in Lan- caster. SAMUEL M. SELDOMRIDGE. As merchant, farmer, banker, tobacco dealer and representative public man, Samuel M. Seldomridge is well and fav- orably known to the people of West Earl township. He was born Dec. 17, 1831, on what is known as the Jacob Musser farm, near Stumptown, son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Miller) Seldomridge. Frederick Seldomridge, his grandfather, accom- panied by his brother, Tobias, emigrated to America and located in Lancaster county. Pa., while Tobias established a family of the name in Virginia. Fred- erick Seldomridge was the father of John, Isaac, Samuel, George, William, Sarah and Mary. Samuel Seldomridge, the father of Samuel M., was born March 30, 1793, and died April 13, 1856. On Sept. 28, 1820, he married (first) Christiana Glowser, who was born July 20, 180 1, and died Sept. 28, 1828. The children of this union were : Sarah, born Aug. 8, 1821, who died in childhood; Jacob, born Feb. 28, 1825, who died in 1862 ; and George, born April 28, 1827, who died unmarried. The sec- ond marriage of Samuel Seldomridge, in 1829, was to Elizabeth Miller, and to this union came : Joanna, born Aug. 23, 1829, married George Bear, of Lan- caster county; Samuel M. is the subject of this sketch ; Isaac, born Jan. 8, 1835, died in young man- hood : John, born Feb. 12, 1837, is a retired farmer and merchant of the borough of Ephrata ; Amos, born May 9, 184.0, died in childhood ; Elizabeth, born March 5, 1843, married William Gross, a shoemaker, of Farmersville ; Levi, born Aug. 20, 1846, is a far- mer and painter, of Farmersville ; and Christian, born Nov. 14, T848, still immarried, is the proprietor of a hotel in Dayton, Ohio. Samuel M. Seldomridge was reared on the farm and was educated in the common schools of Leacock township, attending until twelve or thirteen years old. His youth was passed in industry, as his par- ents had but limited means and a large family, and he was engaged in farm work until April i, 1845, when he entered the store of J. L. & S..L. Robison, merchants at Intercourse, this county, as a "prentice boy." He drove team and did boy's work about the store and remained with them three years at a yearly salary of $40. On April i, 1848, Mr. Robison sold the store to Jacob Holl, of Mechanicsburg, Pa., and it was conducted by his son, B. F. Holl (now of Phila- delphia) . When he took charge Mr. Seldomridge was promoted to the position of head clerk, at a salary of $80 per year, and he remained with Mr. Holl as clerk until January, 1856; at the end of his nine years' service he was receiving $200. In January, 1857, shortly after his marriage, he bought out the store of Isaac Roland, at Earlville, with the help of friends, and conducted same until January, 1859, when he purchased the store of Christian F. Groff, at what is now Farmersville, and moved from Earlville. There he has continued to reside and carry on the mercantile business. Meantime, besides building up a profitable mercantile business, he has branched out, engaging in various lines, in all of which he met with the same measure of success which attended his first venture. Farming has received a goodly share of Mr. Seldomridge's attention, ' as he owns three fine farms, and he has also dealt heavily in tobacco, having his own warehouses. He has a commodious dwelling opposite his store, and in addition he owns five houses, which he rents. He became interested in the Farmers' National Bank, of Lancaster, and in January, 1877, was elected a director of that insti- tution, and after serving about five years on the board became, in 188 1, vice president, in which incumbency he has since been retained. Mr. Seldomridge is strictly a self-made man, having started in life with no capital but his native ability and habits of industry, and he stands as one of the solid, substantial and re- liable citizens of his township, a fit representative of the best class of residents in Lancaster county. As an employe Mr. Seldomridge proved himself, from the very outset of his career, to be faithful and trustworthy, and after he had gained five years' expe- rience his services were eagerly sought and well paid for. His courtesy made him popular, and the lessons he learned in those early years, not only of a strictly business character, but also in dealing with people, were of inestimable value to him when he entered' upon his independent career. Mr. Seldomridge en- joys a fine patronage among the prosperous farmers of his section, as he has always had the reputation of paying the highest prices for farm products, which he ships to New York. Judicious buying has been one of the principal secrets of his continued prosper- ity, and his stock is unusually well selected and de- sirable. He has been obliged to enlarge his estab- lishment three times to accommodate his increasing trade, and it is up-to-date in every appointment. Several successful merchants have been trained for their business career in this house. To him is due ^^^^^^^^1 W^ 1 1 1 :S 1 ^^^^^HIK^. SP^ V: % IHHH 11^^^^^^^^ i^*l ;;■ ^- ■^S/B^'" "'"''"'" '"''- ^■- ^ I^^^^^^^Br': 1 I^^^^^Hl^ ^^^^M»i' » ■P^ flra tt iHWI k ^ ! :'*^^^| 1 1 ^2^/^^^7^<^^x^'^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 865 the greater part of the credit for the building up of Farmersville. In political faith Mr. Seldomridge is a Republi- can, and he has been prominent in the councils of his party for many years, his advice on county. State and National affairs being sought and highly valued. He has served three or four times as delegate to the county conventions ; on June 19, 1888, he was a dele- gate to the National Convention held at Chicago, where he supported Gen. Harrison throughout. On Aug. 25, same year, he was chief marshal at the large Harrison convention held at Lancaster — the largest since 1844. The interest he takes in local af- fairs is not less, and his name has always been asso- ciated with the progress and development of his township. Since 1858 he has been town clerk at Farmersville, West Earl township. In July, 1859, he was appointed postmaster, under James Buchanan, and has continued to hold that office through all the changes up to the present day. He has served as juror on road views, as juryman several times, as United States juryman three times, and has settled up a number of estates. Such marks of confidence and approval from a man's fellow citizens do not come undeserved, and in the case of Mr. Seldomridge they are the simple acknowledgment of duty well done. Samuel M. Seldomridge was married March 20, 1856, to Miss Sarah Swope, of Upper Leacock town- ship, who was born July 19, 1838, a daughter of Daniel and Leah (Hiller) Swope. This union has been blessed with children as follows: Harvey C, born in 1857, married Clara Graybill ; he is a mer- chant at Rothsville, Pa. Charles E., borh in 1859, married Annie Myers ; he is a miller at Hinkletown, Pa. Daniel W., born in i860, died in infancy. Mor- gan Rufus, born in 1862, married Susan Buch ; he is a merchant in Farmersville. Nettie A., born in 1865, died in childhood. Lillie May, born in 1872, is the wife of Henry Oberholtzer, of Akron, Pa., who is a merchant of that place. Mr. Seldomridge has been liberal of his means toward all deserving enterprises and charities, and has contributed generously toward the support of the Zeldenrich Church, in Leacock township, al- though he is not a member. '''^'" BRACKBILI,. Among the early families of Paradise township, Lancaster county, the Brackbills deserve prominent mention. Honored representa- tives are identified with the interests of the county today, and stretching into three centuries, the eigh- teenth, nineteenth and twentieth, the family has been actively and influentially asociated with the develop- ment of the region. • (I) Rev. Benedictus Brackbill was born in the seventeenth century, near Weiler, on the river Harre, in Germany, and ^sailed from there, with his Virife Maria and three children, Ulrich, Barbara and Maudlin, landing in Philadelphia Aug. 24, 171 7. He located between Strasburg and Bunker Hill, in Lancaster county, and there died. (II) Ulrich Brackbill, son of Rev. Benedictus, was born in Germany in 1708, married Fanny Herr and left four children, Fanny, John, Benedict and Anna. (IID Benedict Brackbill, second son of Ulrich, was born in 1730, and married Mary Kendig. They had eight children, John, Elizabeth, Mary, Henry, Anna, Susanna, Benjamin and Christian. (IV) Henry Brackbill, son of Benedict, was one of the successful agriculturists of Paradise township. He was born Aug. 25, 1771, and occupied and tilled a farm adjoining on the south what is now Leaman Place. He married Miss Susan Eshleman, by whom he had a family of five children, as follows : John, a lifelong farmer near Strasburg, Lancaster county; Maria, who died unmarried at the age of thirty- seven years ; Benjamin, a sketch of whom appears below ; Jacob, who died unmarried Dec. 20, 1882, in the seventy-seventh year of his age; and Henry, who died in Paradise township Jan. 25, 1879, i" his seventieth year. The father of these children died July 6, 1837, aged sixty-five years. (V) Benjamin Brackbill, son of Henry, was born in Paradise township Nov. 10, 1803, and throughout the many years of his life he remained a resident of that township, where he engaged successfully in farming. He married, Jan. 5, 1837, Miss Susan Howry, who was born March 14, 1813, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Funk) Howry. To Benjamin and Susan Brackbill was born a family of eight chil- dren, namely: Mary Elizabeth, born Nov. 21, 1837, unmarried, a resident of Vintage; Elam H., born July 7, 1839, a farmer near Vintage ; Elias E., who is named below ; Susan, born Feb. 4, 1844, residing with her brother, Elias E., and her sister at Vintage ; Lydia Ann, born March 23, 1846, who married Peter Hess, of Cumberland Co., Pa., and died Dec. 7, 1888; Benjamin O., born Sept. 19, 1848, a farmer of Salisbury township, who died Sept. 26, 1896; Jacob F., born May 19, 1850, a farmer of Paradise township, who died Oct. 22, 1887; and Henry P., a merchant of Vintage, a sketch of whom follows. The mother of these children died Feb. 16, 1865, in the fifty-second year of her age. The father sur- vived until Sept. 11, 189T, passing away at the ripe old age of eighty-eight. Benjamin and Susan Brackbill were devout members of the Old Mennon- tte Church, with which faith all the children except Jacob and Henry P. are now connected. (VI) Henry P. Brackbill, a prosperous mer- chant of Vintage, the son of Benjamin and Susan (Howry) Brackbill, was born on the homestead farm in Paradise township May 11, 1853. He was reared on the farm, attending the neighboring pub- lic schools. At the age of sixteen years he entered the store of E. H. Esbenshade, at Leaman Place, as a clerk, in which capacity he remained for two years. He then accepted a similar position in the mercantile 366 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY establisliment of David Houston, at Bethania, where he also remained two years. With the experience in commercial life thus gained he came at the age of twenty-one to the store at Williamstown, or Vintage, which he now occupies, succeeding to a business there conducted by Henry Rutter, and since then carrying on a general mercantile trade. It is one of the notable establishments of Lancaster county, out- side of Lancaster, for he carries a full and attractive stock. Mr. Brackbill is one of the progressive and active business men of his part of the county, and it is largely to his energy and keen insight that he owes his marked success in the mercantile field. He has been postmaster at Vintage since the office was established there, during the administration of Pres- ident Harrison. Mr. Brackbill is one of the direc- tors of the Gap National Bank, and is connected with other interests. On Jan. i, 1870, Henry P. Brackbill was married to Miss Emma Diller, daughter of Lewis Diller. To this union have been born three children, Cora, Bes- sie and Harry D., all at home. Mr. and Mrs. Brack- bill are active and prominent members of the Pres- byterian Church at Leacock, of which he is now elder and trustee. Elias E. Brackbill, son of Benjamin and Susan ('Howry) Brackbill, was born Aug. 25, 1841. He has been an active and successful farmer of Paradise township, and now lives retired, with his two sisters at Vintage, highly respected and esteemed by his many friends and acquaintances. GEGl-lGE A. MAYLING (deceased), in his early life a cooper, and subsequently a prominent farmer of East Drumore township, was born in the city of Lancaster Sept. 20, 1827, a -son of John Fred- erick and Rebecca (Deitrich) Mayling, residents of that city, where the father worked at the coopering trade some years. In 1838 the parents moved to Marietta, Lancaster county, where the mother died in 1858, and the father did not long survive, pass- ing away in i86t. They were the parents of ten children, three of whom survived them: George A., Selina and Sarah A. Selina, born in Lancaster in 1834, married Edward Rusing, and they had one son, Harry. Mr. Rusing was for many years a prominent coachmaker at Marietta. After his death, which occurred in 1895, his son, who was a very fine coach painter, inherited the business, which he con- ducted -very successfully; he was a talented artist and died in 1899. Sarah A., who was born in Lan- caster in 1836, is unmarried, and lives at the old Marietta home. George A. Majding began his education in the parochial schools of the city of Lancaster, and sub- sequently attended Susquehanna Institute at Mari- etta. He very early applied himself to mastering the coopering trade, and under the instruction of his father became a very competent workman. After the death of his father he continued in the business successfully on his own responsibility, building a handsome and comfortable home into which he moved, and where his farriily of four children were born. Mr. Mayling was a competent business man, and was one of the organizers of the First National Bank of Marietta, which was the first national bank in the county, and the twenty-fifth in the United States. He served as councilman in the borough of Marietta. In 1873 he purchased a farm in East Drumore township, which he irnproved by enlarging the house, and the following year moved thereon, living there until his death, which occurred March 8, 1901. Mr. Mayling was a great reader and stu- dent, and became thoroughly informed on current history and international affairs and politics. He devoted more time and study to ancient and cur- rent history than most ordinary citizens; was per- fectly familiar with the great national questions and policies of all countries, and was quite as conversant with foreign politics as with our own. At his home, or wherever engaged in conversation, his talks af- forded not only entertainment but instruction, and his fellow citizens regarded him as one of the best informed and best read men in the lower end of the county. In politics he was for many years a Re- publican, but left the party, as he was a free trader, and although he did not affiliate with the Democratic party he generally voted their ticket. Mr. Mayling 'was married, Dec. 25, 1865, to Miss Rebecca M. McComsey, of Lancaster City, a daughter of Matthias and Mary M. (Vanderau) Mc- Comsey, residents of Lancaster county. Her pater- nal grandfather, Samuel McComsey, was a farmer and stonemason, and in 1790 helped construct the splendid stone bridge over the Conestoga creek at Potts Landing. Her father was born in Paradise township in 1789, of Scotch-Irish parentage, and her mother was born in Culpeper county, Va., in 1791. They were married in Lancaster county in 181 1, settling at first in Manor township, but subse- quently buying a farm and making their home in what was then Martic township (now Providence), where Mrs. Mayling was born July 4, 1832. Mat- thias McComsey died leaving a wife and nine chil- dren. The widow survived until 1874, dying in Lan- caster. Mrs. McComsey was a woman of superior endowments of both mind and character, and as she herself had not enjoyed the advantages of a thor- ough education she was very anxious to give her children every opportunity. As there were no facili- ties in the neighborhood for good instruction, she fitted up a room in her own house and engaged a teacher, a Mr. Harlen. The neighbors' children were also allowed to avail themselves of the privileges, and thus one of the first schools (if not the very first) in Martic was established. Mrs. McCom- sey later gave the land for one of the first public schools in the township. Her children were as fol- lows: (i) Elizabeth, born in 1812, married Will- iam Long, a Methodist minister, and died in Indi- ana, leaving her husband and five children. (2) Samuel, born in 1814, in Manor township, married BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 867 Rebecca Deitrick, of Lancaster, where he was en- gaged in the forwarding and commission business, when the State owned what is now the Pennsylvania Road, and continued in that Hne after the change. He owned the large stone warehouse which stood where Long & Davidson's new building now is on West Chestnut street. He died in 1899, and his wife died in 1890. They left one son, Samuel Slay- maker McComsey. (3) John, born in 1816, began life as a farm boy, and worked at farming until about si'cteen years of age. He then went to learn the trade of blacksmith with George Hegan, who was a well known smith carrying on business at Martic Forge. He served a full apprenticeship, but did not work at the trade long afterward ; about 1835 he went to Ir'hiladelphia, and for a time worked at machine blacksmithing, which was different from the trade he had first learned. He became a very expert mechanic, and later went to work for Will- iam Norris, of the Norris Locomotive Works, Phila- delphia, under whom he took up the trade of boiler- making, which he soon mastered. He became such an excellent workman that he was made forem.an of the same works, and remained there a number of years, when he and his brother, Samuel, started in the forwarding and commission business in the old stone warehouse on West Chestnut street, Lancas- ter, owning and operating a freight line between Lancaster and Philadelphia. Later John purchased a farm in Martic township, where, with his mother and two sisters, he made his home. He died in February, 1891, unmarried. (4) Matthias, born in 1818, married Lizzie C. Rex, of Clearfield county. Prior to his marriage he was engaged in teaching in the public schools of Martic township, and was one of the most efficient instructors of his day. It was as his assistant that his sister, Rebecca M., com- menced teaching. After being engaged in the com- mission business in Lancaster in company with his brothers, Samuel and John, Matthias became the partner of his brother, John, in agriculture iii Mar- tic township, where he died April 16, 1859, leaving a wife and one son, William, now of Boston, Mass. His widow took up the study of medicine after the death of her husband, graduated from Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, and is now a dis- tinguished physician of Boston. She married John Keller, of Philadelphia, who died some years ago. (5) William, born in 1820, remained at home on the farm until he was seventeen years of age, when he left for Philadelphia to seek employment. He called on Samuel D. Orrick, who at one time ran the Cono- wingo furnace, the only person in Philadelphia that he knew. Mr. Orrick was surprised to see him, and still more so when he told him that he had left home to make his own living. Mr. Orrick admired his pluck, gave him a few days' work unloading cars and then put him on the road as a conductor, he being engaged in the commission business. His employer was pleased with his work, and for a long time he remained with him. For a time he was connected with his brothers, Samuel and John, in the transportation and commission business. Later Mr. McComsey became connected with the Seners in the coal and lumber business in Lancaster, being a member of the firm of Sener & Co. He ended his connection with the Seners as a member of the firm of William McComsey & Co., in 1877. After the dis- solution of this last named partnership, by his with- drawal, he became connected with the coal business of the late James Stewart, and was also interested in stone contract work, and managed Mr. Stewart's numerous business enterprises when that gentleman was absent from the city. Mr. McComsey finally re- tired from active business. In 1881 he was elected city treasurer. It was in 1865 that he was elected to the council, afterward serving as select council- man. In 1866 he was elected to the Lancaster school board, on which he continued to the time of his death, which occurred in 1895, a period of twen- ty-nine years, for some years and at the time of his death being chairman of the important superintend- ing committee. He enjoyed the sobriquet of "Father of the School Board." Mr. McComsey was an active member of the Board of Trade about 1870, and was chairman of the committee of general affairs of the city. In 1880 he assisted in taking the census, was city auditor until the office was abolished, and for three years was jury commissioner. He was an ac- tive member of the city Agricultural and Horticul- tural Society. As a stanch Democrat he had been a member of county committees for years, and was chairman of the city executive committee for a long time. In conclusion it may be said that there had not lived in the city of Lancaster a man who had given more time to the public service without compensation than William McComsey. Mr. Mc- Comsey was man-ied in 1844 to Mary A., daughter of Henry and Elizabeth Dorwart, of Lancaster. She died in 1879. Their surviving children are Mary E. and William H., the latter a resident of Lancaster. The daughter, a former school teacher of Lancaster, married Prof. John M. Conroy, for many years prin- cipal of one of the Pittsburg high schools ; he is now- engaged in the manufacturing of mirrors, plate glass, etc., and is the head of the firm of Conroy, Prugh & Co., Allegheny, Pa. Another son, Benja- min A., died in the army during the Civil war ; and two others, J. Frank and David D., died in the West. (6) Levi, born in 1822, married Miss Lizzie Amer, of Philadelphia, and they located in the city of Lancaster, where he was engaged with his brother in the commission business, and for many years was a conductor on the Pennsylvania Railroad. He died in November, 1884, leaving a widow and seven chil- dren, Anna (wife of Alfred Hubley, of Lancaster) , William B. (who married Miss Martin and died in Pittsburg), John A., Rebecca, Horace, Harry and Kate. (7) Leah died in childhood. (8) Mary A., born in 1824, died in 1S89, unmarried. (9) Fran- cina, born in 1829, died in 1897, unmarried. (10) Rebecca M., born in 1832, is the widow of George A. 368 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Mayling. Her education was secured in the com- mon schools and the high school at Lancaster. She began teaching in May, 1848, when only fifteen years old, and was long known as one of the most successful teachers of Lancaster county, where she taught for a period of fourteen years, eight years of that time in the public schools of the city of Lan- caster ; she was the first female teacher employed in public schools of Martic township. Since the death of her husband Mrs. Mayling continues living on the farm homestead. The following children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Mayling: (i) Mary R. married Daniel R. Kiehl, and lives in the city of Lancaster. (2) Mor- ris A. purchased the home farm, and is engaged in farming. (3) Minerva V. is at home on the farm. (4) Milford G. died in infancy. In religion Mr. Mayling was born a Lutheran ; his widow and chil- dren belong to the Methodist Church. EDWARD EDGERLEY, the prominent car- riage-manufacturer, of Lancaster, erected his present carriage works more than a third of a century ago, and within a short time after he had returned from a long and honorable career as a soldier in his coun- try's defense during the Civil war. The military spirit of Capt. Edgerley, may, in a way, be said to have been inherited, for his grandfather, Jacob Kel- ler, was a Revolutionary soldier, and his great-grand- father, Capt. Edward Edgerley, who was a member of the 5th Maryland Regiment, fell mortally wounded in the fiercely contested and winning battle of Eutaw Springs, S. C, in September, 1781. His son, Edward Edgerley, the grandfather of Edward, was born in Cecil county, Md., and married Elizabeth Kirk, of Little Britain township, Lancaster Co., Pa., who lived to be ninety-five years old. Gideon E. Edgerley, father of Edward, was born in 1794, and was fifteen years of age when he came to Lancaster City. He was a hatter, having acquired his knowledge of the trade with his uncle, Levi Knight. Later in life he was employed ten years in the comb factory at Lancaster. In 1818 he married Elizabeth Keller, a native of Lancaster, and to them were born eleven children, namely: Re- becca, who died in infancy ; Maria, who died young ; Jacob, who died when thirty-one years of age ; Anna, deceased, who was the widow of William Kahl, of Lancaster ; Harriet, widow of William P. Leonard, of Philadelphia, Pa.; Gideon, who died young; Mary, widow of Luke Suydam, of Lancaster ; Levi, who'died at the age of thirty years ; Sarah, who mar- ried John Barnhard, now deceased ; Charlotte, widow of Samuel Gross, of Lancaster ; and Edward. The father died in 1849, aged fifty-five years, and the mother survived until 1882, passing away at the age of eighty-one. Edward Edgerley, son of Gideon E. and Ehza- beth (Keller) Edgerley, was born at Lancaster, Sept. 13, 1837. His attendance at school during boyhood was irregular, for at the age of ten years he entered the comb factory, and remained one of its active and reliable employes for eight years. Believing that a trade offered him better opportunities in life, he be- gan in 1855, at the age of eighteen, an apprenticeship to the trade of carriagemaker. Completing his trade, he began business for himself in 1858, and was pro- gressing steadily when the clouds of Civil war dark- ened the land. He felt the call to duty, and on Sept. 16, 1861, enlisted in Company K, 79th P. V. I., known as the Lancaster County Regiment, and he followed the regiment through its long and brilliant career. He participated in all the engagements in which his gallant regiment was engaged, and there were many of them, as shown by the following offi- cial record: Perryville, Ky., Oct. 8, 1862; Stone River, or Murfreesboro, Tenn., Dec. 31, 1862, Jan. i, 2, 3, 1863 ; Hoover's Gap, Tenn., June, 1863 ; Chicka- mauga, Ga., Sept. 19-20, 1863; Tunnel Hill, Ga., February, 1864. He veteranized at the close of his first term of service, and participated during 1864 in the battles of Buzzard's Roost, May 9th and nth, and Snake Creek, May 12th ; Resaca, May 13th and 15th; near Dallas, May 25th and June 4th; New Hope Church, near Dallas, Marietta road, June i8th ; Kenesaw Mountain, June 20th, 23d and 27th ; Chat- tahoochie River, July 6th and loth; Peach Tree Creek, July 20th,' in charging column on the 21st; siege of Atlanta, July to September; Utoy Creek, Aug. 5th and 6th; Jonesboro, Aug. 31st and Sept. 1st ; Sherman's famous march to the sea, Nov. i6th to Dec. 2 1 St; siege of Savannah, Dec. 13th, 21st; campaign of the Carolinas, Jan. 18 to April 25, 1865 ; Ivesboro, March i6th; was especially conspicuous in the battle of Bentonville, N. C, March 19th and 20th, where the regiment was in the charging col- umn, and held the left under a niurderous fire during flanking movement of the enemy; moved to Golds- boro, March 22d ; Raleigh, N. C, to Richmond, Va., Washington, D. C. ; was in the Grand Review of May 2d, and was mustered out of service July 12th, Capt. Edgerley was promoted from first sergeant to second lieutenant Nov. i, 1862, and was commis- sioned captain Sept. 11, 1864. It is a notable fact, a matter of record, that during the three years and ten months of Capt. Edgerley's military service he was not absent from active duty a single day, from sickness or any other cause. Returning to his old home, Capt.- Edgerley re- sumed his trade. In 1867 he erected the carriage factory in which he still conducts a successful man- ufacturing business. He married at Lancaster, in 1859, Miss Rosanna Stehman, and to Capt. and Mrs. Edgerley were born eight children: Edward Ev- erett ; Bertha, wife of Herbert Eichholtz, of Lan- caster ; William Sherman ; Anna, wife of Abraham Rohrer, a florist ; Mary ; Harry Emery ; Mabel ; and Catherine, deceased wife of Charles Clark. In 1871 Capt. Edgerley was elected a member of the city council, and served five years. In 1878 Sip/ccfz <^ EIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 369 he was elected register of wills of Lancaster county, serving a term of three years in that office. In 1888 he was elected mayor of the city of Lancaster, for a term of four years, enjoying the distinction of hav- ing been the first and only man elected for that num- ber of years; the courts deciding that the law ex- tending the term from two to four years was uncon- stitutional, he served only two years. He was highly commended for his administration and eminent busi- ness ability. It was his genial nature and good citi- zenship that led the Republicans of his district to again elect him for a term to the common council, and two terms of two years each to the select council; he resigned his seat in the latter branch Dec. 30, 1902, in order to take his position as county treasurer of Lancaster county on Jan. 5, 1903, an office to which he was elected for a term of three years, by an over- whelming majority, in November, 1902. While in the city councils Capt. Edgerley succeeded in having the fences from the reservoir grounds removed, thus giving the city a beautiful park, and he was also the prime mover in creating the beautiful park around the Lancaster county prison; In brief, no man in the city has left his impress for good in more direc- tions than has Capt. Edward Edgerley. MARTIN K. MYLIN, a retired farmer, and at one time in his life a very successful hotel man, who is now residing at Gordonville, Pa., was born in I'equea township, Lancaster county, April 28, 1839, son of John and Elizabeth (Kendig) Mylin, of East Lampeter and Conestoga townships, respectively. Five brothers, of the name of Mylin, came early from Switzerland, and settled in Lancaster county. With them begins the history of the Mylin family, of which the gentleman whose name introduces this article is an honorable representative. John Mylin was a farmer, born in 1804, a son of Jacob Mylin, of Lancaster county, and he died April 28, 1857. His wife, Elizabeth, who was born in 1806, died at the age of seventy-two. Both were members of the Mennonite Church, and were buried in the cemetery connected with the Herr meeting house. Mr. and Mrs. John Mylin were parents of the following family: Isaac died in infancy; Amos died in r890 ; Jacob died when six years old ; Eliza died in infancy; Eli is on the home farm; Martin K. ; John died in infancy. Martin K. Mylin and Barbara K. Charles were married in Lancaster in January, i860. To their union were born: John C, a ticket and freight agent at Leaman Place, married Anna Feinniger; Elizabeth C. died at the age of twenty-two years ; Barbara C. died at the age of twenty-three years ; Ida died at the age of nineteen years ; Alice C. mar- ried Elatn. Kreider, a farmer and music teacher at Leaman Place, Pa.; Clara C. died at the age of eighteen years : Miss Emma C. is making her home with her sister at Leaman Place ; Martin C. is a ser- geant in the regular army of the United States, and in 1901 was stationed at Fort Principes, Cuba; 24 Amos C. is attending the State College; and Anna died at the age of four years. Mrs. Barbara Mylin, who died in January, 1901, at the age of fifty-three, was buried in the cemetery connected with Herr's Church in Pequea township, where also repose the bodies of her children who have passed away. She was a daughter of Henry and Susan (Kreider) Charles, of Lancaster county, where her father was a lifelong farmer in Pequea township. Mr. Mylin remained at home until the death of his parents, when he moved to Ohio, where he was engaged in farming operations, and sold machinery for a year, in company with a brother. At the end of that time he returned to the old homestead and was employed by his brother a year, when he pur- chased a farm in West Lampeter, devoting the en- suing six years to its cultivation. Then he sold out, and was employed in the Wheatland Mill for a few years. In 1874 he came to Gordonville and pur- chased a hotel, which he operated until the spring of 1897. I'hat spring he retired from the active management of the hotel, though he still retains the ownership of the property, and is enjoying that easy and comfortable existence that rightfully follows long and laborious years. Mr. Mylin is prominent in fraternal circles. In Masonry he has taken the thirty-second degree ; and for thirty years he has been a member of the I. O. O. F., in which he has risen to the Encampment de- gree. In politics he is a Republican, and is re- garded as one of the leading and influential citizens of the town. JACOB SNEATH. The strong, forceful per- sonality of Ml'. Sneath has made him for more than a half century one of the leading citizens of Lancas- ter county. Possessing an active temperament, he acquired the trade of a carpenter, from which he rose in a few years to contractor and builder. He has been eminently successful in business, and to move- ments for the general welfare he has contributed the same energy and enthusiasm that have been so happily applied in his vocation. In Sunday school work he has been especially interested and is perhaps the oldest superintendent in this county, having served continuously in that capacity for the past fifty-one years, with the exception of one year. Mr. Sneath was born in Mountville, Lancaster county, Nov. Ti, 1828, the son of Robert and Mary (Todd) Sneath. His paternal grandfather was William Sneath, of Scotch-Irish extraction, who married a Miss Lingerfelter, of German parentage, and who was accidentally killed on the railroad while on his way to Rohrerstown. Robert Sneath, the fa- ther, in his earlier life followed farming and fence building, and was later appointed sexton of the cem- etery at Columbia, a position he filled for many years. He married Mary Todd, and to them were born six children, as follows : Jonathan, who died young, at Rohrerstown; Jacob, whose sketch ap- 370 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY pears herewith ; Mary, wife of Isaac Conklin, a car- penter of Columbia ; John, who served as a volunteer in the 49th P. V. L, and died at the age of thirty- seven years ; Anna, wife of John M. Reed, retired, Philadelphia; and Benjamin, who was a soldier in the 79th P. V. I., and is now deceased. Jacob Sneath was reared on a farm until he reached the age of se\enteen years. He then began an apprenticeship to the carpenter's trade at Mount- ville, and at its completion continued his trade until he was twenty-three years of age, when he began contracting and building. Possessing the essential executive and mental qualifications he has ever since been prominent in construction work in Lancaster county, and has met with financial as well as pro- fessional success. In Oct., 1855, Mr. Sneath married Elizabeth Witmer, who was born in Manor township, Lancas- ter county, daughter of Hon. Daniel W. and Anna (Her she) Witmer, granddaughter of Daniel and Elizabeth Witmer, of Manor township. Daniel W. Witmer was a prominent farmer of Lancaster coun- ty. He served for three terms in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, and in- his later years was a merchant and drover in Mountville. He mar- ried Anna Hershe, daughter of Abraham Hershe, an old resident of Lancaster county, and to them were born the following children: Benjamin A., deceased ; Mary, who married David H. Wideler, of Mountville, and is now deceased ; Elizabeth, wife of Mr. Sneath ; Elias H., who was a soldier of the Civil war, wounded in battle and is now deceased ; Abra- ham, who served as lieutenant in the Civil war and is now deceased : Jacob H., a bank clerk at Mount- ville, Pa. ; Kate, wife of Levi Myers, a tobacco mer- chant of Lancaster; Harry C, a merchant at Lan- caster City ; and Sarah, who died young. Daniel W. Witmer, the father, died in 1896, aged eighty- eight years ; his wife in 1870, aged sixty years. She was a member of the United Brethren Church, and both are buried in Mountville cemetery. To Jacob and Elizabeth (Witmer) Sneath have lieen born three children, Isaiah W., Elias H. and Emma E. Isaiah W. was graduated from Yale Col- lege, married Ell I. Mark and is a Congregational minister at Franklin, Mass. Elias Hershe was also graduated from Yale College, married Anna Camp, of Middletown, Conn., and is a professor in Yale College. Emma E. married H. C. Bruner, a coal merchant of Columbia. Mr. Sneath is one of the most prominent mem- bers of the United Brethren Church at Columbia. He is a trustee, leader and. superintendent of the Sunday School. He began his Sunday School work at Mountville more than half a century ago and was one of the pioneers in that locality. He had never attended a Sunday School, but, receiving a lit- tle instruction from a lady who had visited one, he entered zealously upon the work, which he has ever since continued with most gratifying results. In pohtics Mr. Sneath is a Democrat. Pie served in the borough council for three years, was burgess four years, and for seven months acted as United States internal revenue inspector. He is identified among fraternal orders with the I. O. O. F. and the A. O. M. P., and is one of the best known residents of Co- lumbia. HENRY MILLER HERR, chief of Lancaster's police, has been a school teacher, was a member and secretary of a large manufacturing concern in Lan- caster for ten years, and besides can fill prescriptions in a drug store. Mr. Plerr is a descendant of Hans Herr, the pro- genitor of the numerous Herr family in Lancaster county and Pennsylvania. His grandfather, David Herr, was a well known farmer of Manor township and his father, Dr. E. B. Herr, is a widely known East King street physician and druggist. Dr. E. B. Herr married Miss Elizabeth Miller, daughter of Christian Miller, farmer of Manor town- ship. Two sons were born, J. Edwin, a printer, who died in 1882, in his nineteenth year; and Henry Miller Herr, the chief of police. Henry Miller Plerr was born in Millersville April 14, 1856, and educated in the State Normal school there, from which he graduated in 1878. He taught for some time and then became a traveling salesman for the Columbia Manufacturing Co., and later on associated himself with the Lowell Harness and Col- lar Co., of Lancaster. He was a member, and sec- retary of that company for ten years, up to the time of its dissolution as a stock concern. After this Mr. Herr was strongly urged to accept the Repub- lican nomination for mayor, but declined in favor of another Republican and was appointed chief of po- lice, an office which he fills very capably. Mr. Herr is a member of the St. Paul's M. E. Church. He belongs to the Blue Lodge, Masons, to the Odd Fellows and to the Elks. At spare times in the past Mr. Plerr has assisted his father in the drug business, becoming in this manner proficient in pharmacy. Personally and politically Mr. Herr is one of Lan- caster's most popular men. JOHN McNEAL RUTTER, a farmer of Sads- bury township, was born in Salisbury township, this county, March 20, 1840, a son of Adam and Mar- garet (Skiles) Rutter and a descendant of Conrad Rutter, a native of Prussia. Conrad Rutter was the first of his name in Penn- sylvania. In 1683 he and his wife, Jane Douglas, of Scottish extraction, whom he wedded in England, came to America with Daniel Pastorius. They land- ed at Germantown, Pa., on Aug. 30th of that year. About 1720 Conrad Rutter purchased of William Penn 588 acres of land, in Leacock township, Lan- caster county, where they located, and where he died in 1739. One of their family, Andrew, settled in Montgomery county, where he left a family. Joseph Rutter, son of Conrad and Jane (Doug- las) Rutter, was born in Leacock township, and there BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 871 married Barbara Glenn, also a native of that locality. George Rutter, son of Joseph and Barbara (Glenn) Rutter, was born in Leacock township, but lived and died in Salisbury township. He married Margaret Lightner. Adam Rutter, Sr., son of George and Margaret (Lightner) Rutter, was born in Leacock township in 1763, and was a farmer in Salisbury township, where he died Nov. 25, 1810. He married Mar- garet Skiles, who was born May 15, 1773, and who died July 19, 1859. Like the other members of the Rutter family, they were Episcopalians. Their children were: (i) James, born in Leacock town- ship, in June, 1797, married Hannah Leaman, and -settled in Leacock township. He was drowned iit Witmer's dam, near Paradise, in 1828, leaving the following children : Nathan S. ; Margaret, wife of George Geishard, of Asheville, N. C. ; Mary, wife of John Capp, of Lebanon, Pa. ; and Hannah, who mar- ried in the West. (2) Jane, born in May, 1799, married William Rhodes and settled in Mercers- burg, Franklin county, where she died, leaving a family, all of whom are since deceased. (3) George, born in May, i8ci, married Elizabeth Rutter and set- tled in Leacock township, where he worked at the blacksmith trade. Of his children only one is living, Rachel, the wife of Samuel Dague, of Philadelphia. (4) Anna, born July 16, 1804, married Henry Mc- Clellan and moved to Franklin county, where they died leavmg three children : Hays, Harry and Het- ty- (5) Nathaniel, born Nov. 14, 1806, went to Wilkesbarre, Pa., where he married his first wife, Ellen Seiss, who died in 1850, the mother of Augusta, deceased ; Emily, who married E. P. Darling and is deceased; Margaret, who married Col. Eugene Beaumont, a hero of the Civil war ; James, who mar- ried and lives in Wilkesbarre; and Hervey, born in Wilkesbarre, who died when a young man. Na- thaniel Rutter married for his second wife Mary (Seiss) Dunlap, a sister of his first wife, who has borne him two children, Hervey (deceased) and Natalie. By her deceased husband. Rev. Mr. Dunlap, a Presbyterian minister, Mrs. Rutter has one daugh- ter, Jennie. (6) Adam, Jr., is mentioned below. (7) Rachel Rutter, born March 15, 1810, married Christian Weldy and moved into Franklin county and has one child living in New Jersey. Adam Rutter, Jr., the father of John M., was born Nov. 26, 1808 and in 1828 married Margaret Skiles, who was born Aug. 3, 1807. Mr. Rutter worked at his trade as a blacksmith in Salisbury township until 1850, when he purchased a farm near Cambridge, where he remained until 1855. That year he bought the "Green Tree Hotel" property in Bart township, and conducted that hostelry with success until April i, 1S59, when he bought a farm near Georgetown, Lancaster county, on which he spent a year. He then bought a hotel and farm l)roperty at Nine Points, where he lived until 1866, when he repurchased the "Green Tree Hotel" prop- erty, which he held for two years, and then bought the McKee property, one of the fine farms of this section, which now belongs to John M. Rutter. It has a stone house of generous proportions and fine appearance, and large barns. The last years of the life of Adam Rutter were spent on an adjoining- farm, which he bought in 1875, and where he died April 21, 1885. His widow survived until Oct. 5, 1893, when she passed away full of years and honor, in the eighty-seventh year of her age. Both Mr. and Mrs. Rutter were devout members of St. John's Episcopal Church. In early life Mr. Rutter was a Whig, and in his later years became a Democrat. In fraternity matters he belonged to Lodge Number 43, F. & A. M., of Lancaster. To him and his wife were born five children: (i) Jane, born in November, 1829, married Jacob Stambaugh, and moved to Philadelphia, where he died in 1874, leav- ing a widow and the following children : Adam R., of Lancaster ; Emma, of Philadelphia ; Anna, the wife of Howard Brinton, of Colerain; Laura, unmarried; George, a mechanic in the Baldwin Locomotive Works, of Philadelphia ; and James, of Philadelphia. (2) George, born Oct. 14, 1831, married Harriet Ray, of Sadsbury township, and engaged in a hotel business at the Gap, Lancaster county, where he died July 16, 1869, leaving two children: Ella, now the wife of Frank Taylor, of Philadelphia ; and John M., who is married, and is also living in Phila- delphia. (3) James. (4) John M. is next in the order of birth. (5) Rebecca E., born April 15, 1842, married Jacob Keylor, of Bart township, where they are now living on his farm, with a family of five children: Margaret, Ella, Howard, Adam R. and Henry. John M. Rutter was educated in the public schools of Bart township and the select school of Thomas Baker (where he spent three terms), and for two years he was a student at the Unionville Academ.y in Chester county. When the Civil war broke out he enlisted in Co. E, I22d P. V. I., under Capt. Birely, with Judge Fell as one of the lieutenants. They were assigned to the Army of the Potomac, reporting at Arlington Heights, and participating in the battle of Chantilly. The regiment was en- gaged in the desperate three days' fighting at Fred- ericksburg, and was fighting four days at Chancel- lorsville. After these severe engagements the time of the regiment expired, and it was honorably dis- charged at Harrisburg. John M. Rutter came home and engaged in the mercantile business at Nine Points, in partnership with Robert A. Ferguson. His health, however, did not stand the confinement, and he turned again to farming. After his marriage Mr. Rutter set- tled on his present place, which he purchased after ihe death of his father, in 1886; he has made ex- tensive improvements, and has continuously engaged in general farming. On Feb. 11, 1875, Mr. Rutter was married to Miss Emma C. Davis, who was born in Colerain township ]\Iarch 2, 1848, daughter of Joseph B. and 372 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY P21izabeth Davis. Mrs. Rutter acquired her educa- tion in the select school of Thomas Baker, and in the Union school under Prof. Andrews : for six years she was a successful teacher, and she is a lady of marked ability. To Mr. and Mrs. Rutter have come four children: (i) Howard was well educated in the high schools in Octoraro and Christiana, and learned the trade of blacksmith, which he still fol- lows at ^v^ine Points ; he married Effie Brown and has one son, Eugene, born in 1900. (2) V. Davis, born April 26, 1876, received his education in the Octo- raro high school, and is at home. (3) Emile D., born May 22, i88r, studied in the Gap and the Christiana high schools, and is at home. (4) Au- gusta E., born March 2, 1883, spent two .terms in the Gap Academy, one term in Union high school, and is now a student in the Bart High school. Politically Mr.. Rutter is a Republican, and has been tovvn auditor and school director. In 1870 he was enumerator of the census for Bart, Sadsbury and Christiana borough. He belongs to Post No. 358, G. A. R., Christiana, in which he has held the offices of commander and adjutant. Mr. and Mrs. Rutter and their daughters belong to the Episcopal Church, and are all people of high character and pronounced ability. REV. JOHN G. FRITCHEY. On March 12, 1885, in the fullness of years and good works, there entered into rest Rev. John G. Fritchey, a faithful laborer in the Master's vineyard. In the latter part of the eighteenth century there came from Germany to America one John Godfrey Fritchey, a young man of gentle birth and good edu- cation. In the beginning it had been his intention to return to the Fatherland, but the beauties of the Pennsylvania hills and the broad opportunities of the life in a new country proved so attractive that he decided to remain, and located near Harrisburg. Like so many of his countrymen, he was a musician of considerable merit. In his new home he met and married Dorothy Bucher, a faithful and sincere mem- ber of the Reformed Church, and an aunt of Rev. John Casper Bucher, D. D., a noted divine of that denomination. Mr. Fritchey had been reared, in the faith of the Roman Catholic Church, but was too broad to object to his children following the teach- ings of the church of their mother. Thirteen chil- dren came to brighten their home. John G. Fritchey, son of John Godfrey and Dorothy Fritchey, was born Feb. 6, 1802, and was reared amid the refining influences of a pure Christian home. He was baptized by Rev. Mr. Mueller, and in 1821 was confirmed by Rev. John Winebreuner, the popular pastor of Salem Reformed Church, five miles from Harrisburg, who had taught him the Heidelberg catechism. His home training and his natural inclinations alike turned him toward the ministry, and at the sugges- tion of his beloved teacher and pastor, he entered a classical school at Sandy Hollow, taught by a Mr. Cummings, a graduate of Princeton College, where for two years he pursued a course in Latin and Greek, preparatory to a course in Theology. In the spring of 1825, at the invitation of Rev. Mr. Wine- breuner, he accompanied that gentleman to Carlisle to attend the opening of the new theological seminary then and there established by authority of the Synod of Bedford. He witnessed the inauguration of the first Professor of Theology, Rev. Lewis Mayer, D. D., and became the first enrolled student of the institu- tion. Having completed the course, he in 1828 was ordained to be a missionary, his intention being to labor in the destitute regions of the West. M'^ith this idea he left home, traveling on horseback, with his face toward the setting sun. At Chambersburg, how- ever, he came under the influence of the pastor of the Reform.ed Church, Rev. Mr. Rahauser, who had an extensive knowledge of the home missionary field, and who persuaded him to change his course south- ward, to the mountains of North Carolina. Arrived in the vicinity of Lincolnton, in that State, he found a field ready for the harvest, and for twelve years there- after engaged in arduous labor, establishing many churches in that time, and rejuvenating the work of the church generally. His field of labor extended over seventy miles down into South Carolina. In 1840, having secured a pastor for the South Caro- lina churches in the person of Rev. William C. Ben- nett, and being imwilling to rear his family amid the influences of the slave system, he returned North. He was successively pastor of churches at Mechanics- burg, Cumberland Co., Pa., East Berlin, Adams county, and at Taneytown, Md., being at the latter place thirteen years. In each of these places Rev. Mr. Fritchey was a power for good, building up the churches and freeing the;m from financial burden. In 1865 he moved his family to the town of Lancaster, and from that time to the date of his death engaged in active service for his Master in the county. He preached in many places, but was particularly help- ful in New Holland, Millersville, Elizabethtown, Maytown and at Shoop's Church. He was also very helpful to the Zwingli German Church in Harris- burg. His method of work was to go into a disorgan- ized field, or in communities where the cause of re- ligion was languishing for any reason, and by the magnetism of his energies fan the dying embers into flame again. When the fire burned brightly he would secure the establishment of a regular minister at the place, and move on to other less favored communi- ties. In this manner he was instrumental in building up a number of churches in the county which are now lasting monuments to his efficient labor. At the Zwingli Church he was peculiarly effective in the raising of a large debt that sapped the vital forces of the church, undertaking this work and carrying it through under the weight of fourscore years. The missionary spirit, the carrying of the Gospel to those who had it not, was the all-consurning force in his J Jm.x eu %^^' \AA/ 1 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 378 character, and' dominated his actions all through a long life of usefulness. No journey was too long, no day too unfavorable on account of the weather, to respond to a call in which he saw an opportunity to do good. On Oct. 12, 1828, Rev. Mr. Fritchey was united in marriage with Mary Ann E. Hendel, who was born in Carlisle, Pa., May 13, 1809, and who died in Lancaster Feb. 17, 1875. She was a daughter of George Hendel, and a granddaughter of Rev. Will- iam Hendel, the latter of whom was pastor of the Race Street Church, Philadelphia; he fell a victim to the scourge of cholera which swept over that city in 1798. Mrs. Fritchey was also a niece of Rev. William Otterbein, a power in the early church, and of Dr. William Hendel, of Womelsdorf, Pa. Rev. Mr. Fritchey and his bride made for their wedding journey the trip to North Carolina, where he was to devote his labors, in which his good wife heartily sympathized and greatly assisted. In her girlhood she had publicly professed her faith and had been confirmed by Rev. John S. Ebough. Thirteen chil- dren blessed the home of Rev. Mr. Fritchey and his wife, as follows : (i) Sarah E., born Sept. 27, 1829; married Joseph Eberly. (2) William A., born May 4, 1 83 1, died Nov. 18, 1861. (3) Ann Catharine, born Jan. 24, 1833, died Jan. 6, 1851. (4) Mary E., born Nov. 24, 1834, died June 12, 1851. (5) Martha A., born Sept. 14, 1836, died Dec. 31, 1880. (6) John H., born Dec. 7, 1838, died July 22, 1869. (7) Theodore L. Mayer, born Feb. 21, 1841, died April 15, 1880. -(8) Alfred N., born May 25, 1843, died Feb. 6, 1895. He enlisted in the Union army when but seventeen years of age, being assigned to Com- pany C, under Col. Cole, in the Maryland Cavalry. He was taken prisoner in 1862, and was confined sev- eral months in Libby prison, and on Belle Isle, and after his exchange rejoined his command. On Jan. I, 1864, he was again taken prisoner, this time being confined in the prison pen of Georgia, known to the whole world as Andersonville stockade. His com- rades in the same company said of him, after his death, that he was not only a born soldier,but a most intelligent and companionable comrade. (9) Frances A., born Feb. 19, 1845, died May 13, 1875. (10) Laura J., born Jan. 27, 1847, is the widow of Dr. Amos A. Roth, a prominent physician of Frederick, Md. (11) James G., born April 6, 1849, died Nov. 4, 1871. (12) Joseph U., the only survivor of the family, is mentioned elsewhere. (13) Addison H., born Nov. 9, 1853, was a graduate of Franklin Col- lege, a prominent member of the Bar of Lancaster county, and an accomplished musician ; he died May 7, 1899. HON. WILLIAM UHLER HENSEL was born in Quarryville, Lancaster county, Dec. 4, 1851. George W. Hensel, his father, now deceased, came of German-Lutheran and English-Quaker stock. He was a resident of Quarryville for over half a century, and was recognized as the repre- sentative citizen of the lower end of the county. Much of the substantial progress and improvement of Quarryville were due to his efforts and influence. He conducted a large general store, was president of the National Bank, a director of the Quarryville Railroad, head of a local insurance company, county auditor, a trustee of Franklin and Marshall Col- lege, a pillar of the Reformed Church, and prom- inent socially. He resided in a handsome home in Quarryville, long noted for its generous hospitality. Mr. Hensel married Anna M. Uhler, who belonged to the well-known Uhler and Light families, of Lebanon, pure Pennsylvania German. William Uhler Hensel received his early educa- tion in the common schools of his home district, and afterward attended the academies at Chestnut Level, Parkesburg and Paradise. In the autumn of 1865, he entered the Preparatory Department of Franklin and Marshall College, and from that time he has been identified with Lancaster and its inter- ests. He was graduated from Franklin and Mar- shall College in 1870, holding the second place in scholarship throughout the whole course, and he closed his collegiate career with the honor of class valedictorian, delivering a thesis that attracted marked attention, and was an augury of his intel- lectual future. Mr. Hensel's devotion to his Alma Mater has been conspicuous, and he is always at the front of any movement looking to the promotion of its welfare. He is a member of the Diagnothian Literary Society and Phi Kappa Sigma Fraternity, and in the latter has held the highest office of the order in the United States. Three years after graduation he was elected to deliver the Master ora- tion, and chose the subject "Robert Burns," for a masterly and elaborate address. While still at col- lege he displayed great talent in journalism, for he was one of the founders of College Days, afterward known as the College Student, and his facile pen, ready wit and fine literary judgment, insured its suc- cess from the start, and gave it an impetus that made its growth an assured thing. It is today a deeply interesting periodical, reflecting the literary and so- cial life of Franklin and Marshall College. Mr. Hensel was long foremost in the management of the annual alumni dinners at the College, and is almost invariably booked for a speech. At the Commence- ment in 1887, when the College Centennial was cel- ebrated, he delivered a memorable address on "What the Community Owes to the College," which evoked unstinted encomiums from press and people. He has been for years a trustee of the College. Mr. Hensel, turning his attention to the legal profession, studied law under the late Hon. Isaac E. Hiester, and after his death continued under Da- vid G. Eshleman, being the first law student that counselor had. Mr. Hensel was admitted to the Bar Jan. 23, 1873, and soon afterward entered journalism, in May, 1874, buying Henry G. Smith's 374 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY half interest in the Lancaster Intelligencer, of which paper he became an editor and one of the proprie- tors. He never abandoned the law while in journ- alism, but kept op a close relationship to the local Bar, and continued to practice law to some extent, despite his onerous duties and multifarious cares in politics and journalism. He has been one of the Censors of the Bar Association since its organiza- tion. For years he has been the solicitor of the First National Bank, of Strasburg, the Quarryville National Bank and the Trust Co., of Lancaster ; of one of the national banks at Ephrata; of the bank at Christiana; and thai at Gap; both banks at Mt. Joy and Elizabethtown ; the Exchange Bank at Ma- rietta; the Fulton National Bank, Lancaster; the Quarryville Bank and Water Cos. ; the Edison Elec- tric and Lancaster Gas Cos. ; the Consolidated Street Railway and Traction interests ; and many minor corporations; as well as the boroughs of Mt. Joy, Akron, Quarrj'ville and Christiana. Mr. flensel's name gained a State reputation in his double capacity of lawyer and journalist in the famous disbarment case of Steinman & Hensel. In the report of the trial of a Quarter Sessions liquor case, in January, 1880, the Intelligencer declared the acquittal of the defendant on the plea of a pre- vious acquittal was accomplished by an imposition upon the Court, and that the judges took no cog- nizance of it because all of the parties implicated, as well as the judges themselves, belonged to the Re- publican party. Judge Patterson, then associate judge of the Courts of Lancaster county, took a rule on Messrs. Steinman & Hensel (both lawyers), editors and proprietors of the Intelligencer, to dis- bar them for contempt of court. It was a farnous case and attracted wide attention. The lawyers' names were stricken from the roll April 3, 1880, by ruling of the lower court, but the case was ap- pealed to the Supreme court, and was argued in the May term, 1880. The arguments made by A. K. McClure and R. E. Shapley, the defendants' coun- sel, were of a high order, and were widely copied. In October, the ruling of the lower court was re- versed, and Steinman and Hensel were re-instated, after having been six months debarred from prac- tice. After the restoration the former amicable re- lations between the court' and Mr. Hensel were re- newed. Mr. Hensel's ability as a practitioner is so marked and so well-known, his forensic talents so brilliant, that we need scarcely make comment upon them here. Suffice it to say that his reputation as a lawyer is second to none in the State. In the journalistic field Mr. Hensel found work eminently suited to his keen intellectual powers and high literary tastes, having been, even as a college student, a frequent contributor to the daily papers, and as a law student continuing to edit College Days, the paper he had helped to found. As an ed- itor of the intelligencer he brought that paper to the front, not only as a good local newspaper and influential as an exponent of Democracy, but notably for its general literary excellence. In'August, 1886, he disposed of his interest in the Intelligencer to Richard M. Reilly, Esq., and Robert Clark, A. J. Steinman continuing therewith, his interest in the paper ante-dating Mr. Hensfel's by some years. Mr. Hensel was also a contributor to many out of town newspapers notably the New York Sun, the Philadelphia Times, the New York Independ- ent and others. In 1880 he wrote the biography of Judge Black for the Times "White House Gallery," and about the same time contributed a sketch of "Honest John" Strohm for Forney's Progress, both of which elicited high praise for their author. He also wrote, not long after, for the Philadelphia Press, some fresh reminiscences of Francis Scott Key that were intensely interesting. During the polit- ical campaign of 1884 Mr. Hensel edited and pub- lished the Post, a Democratic weekly which reached a circulation of 40,000, and which Presi- dent Cleveland pronounced the best thing of its kind he ever saw. During the same year he wrote a campaign biography of Vice-President Hendricks, which was published in book form along with that of Dorsheimer's life of President Cleveland, and which was republished almost entire by the Demo- cratic National committee as the authorized text- book of the campaign. In 1888 he was the campaign biographer of Cleveland and Thurman. He is also the author of the "Resources and Industries of Lancaster," published by the Board of Trade in 1886-87. Mr. Hensel's acquaintance among the editorial fraternity naturally was, and is, most extensive. He was president of the Pennsylvania Editorial Asso- ciation in 1882, and was re-elected in 1883. In 1878, when, as spokesman of the Ohio, Pennsyl- vania and Kentucky Editorial Association, he re- plied to the address of welcome delivered by Henry Watterson, of the Louisville Courier-Iournal, he carried the people of Louisville by storm, and un- limited praise was showered upon him by the press. He was one of the founders of the Crematist, which has become the national organ of the cremation system, which he has espoused from the first. Mr. Hensel's retirement from journalism was univer- sally regretted, and the press had many sincere and highly complimentary things to say of his career in the field. He was regarded as the most honest, able and indefatigable young editor of his day, and at the time of his withdrawal from newspaper work it was well known that a desirable and respon- sible position on a metropolitan paper, whose editor was one of the ablest in the country, was open for his acceptance. But Mr. Hensel had no desire to leave the scenes and associations of the place en- deared to him by long residence, so the press else- where did not gain by Lancaster's loss. With all the cares of journalistic work Mr. Hen- sel turned his attention closely to politics, in which he was long prominent. Although his father, George W. Hensel, was a Republican in political BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 375 faith, the son's convictions led him to identify him- self with the party of Jefferson and Jackson. The first State convention Mr. Hensel attended was the Democratic gathering at Reading, in 1872, when he was strongly for Buckalew. Becoming impressed with the dominancy of the better element in the Democratic party, he cast his fortunes with the De- mocracy, opposed Grant, and took the stump for Greeley. Though not yet twenty-one he made thirty enthusiastic speeches in York, Lancaster and Ches- ter counties, and from that time continued active in politics. He was first elected -chairman of the Democratic county committee of Lancaster in 1875, and harmoniously every year thereafter (except during two years of his service as State chairman) until 1887, when he declined re-election. He at- tended all State Conventions, and participated in all their proceedings. In 1878 he was sent as Senatorial delegate to the Pittsburg convention, becomirig sec- retary of the committee on Contested Seats, which marked the beginning of his prominence in the Democratic party. Thereafter he became a dominant force in the conventions and affairs of his party, making entire, or in part, every Democratic plat- form for )'ears, serving as chairman of important committees, making nomination speeches, and in or- ganizing and directing the party generally. At the convention of 1882 he was enthusiastically named for Congressman at large, and would have been unanimously elected had he assented. He declined the post, and turned the tide of favor to Mortimer F. Elliott, who was chosen and elected. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Conventions of 1880, 1884, 1888 and 1892, being chairman of the Pennsylvania delegation in the last, and making one of the Cleveland nomination speeches. He was largely instrumental in compassing the splendid vic- tory that placed Robert E. Pattison in the Gover- nor's chair in 1882, and after that brilliant campaign, in which he had rendered such signal service to his party, he caused it to be understood that he neither desired ncr would accept any office in the gift of the governor. About one hundred leading Democrats of Philadelphia and the State showed their appre- ciation of his services by tendering him a handsome complimentary dinner at the Commonwealth Club, Philadelphia, where the successful candidates and others prominent in Democratic circles spoke in praise of his party management. At this time, for private and personal reasons, it was Mr. Hensel's desire to quit the field of poli- tics, but one consideration and another, and his services seeming indispensable, he kept at the party helm for four more State campaigns, a longer time than any other one man had ever held the Demo- cratic chairmanship of Pennsylvania. He was re- elected practically without opposition in 1883 and 1884, and in 1885 and in 1886, but declined re-elec- tion in 1887, and formed a law partnership with J. Hay Brown, now justice of the Supreme Coiirt of Pennsylvania. In 1891 he was appointed attorney- general of the State of Pennsylvania by Governor Pattison, and his appointment was unanimously con- firmed by the Republican State Senate. He held this responsible office for four years, and during an unusually busy term collected nearly $3,000,000 for the State, mainly from delinquent corporations. Among the notable cases arising from the Bardsley defalcations, he made the city of Philadelphia pay the State losses, and compelled the newspapers to refund the rebates paid by them to Bardsley. While attorney general he also prosecuted the audi- tor general and the State treasurer before the Sen- ate. His career as attorney general was a brilliant and notable one, and marked by the same honesty, disinterestedness and sound judgment that distin- guished him in all political affairs. It was said of him, as it is said of few aspirants in the political arena, that he had the party's good, and only and solely that, at heart. He sought office neither for himself nor friends ; nor cared for personal advant- age, power and patronage. Friends and foes alike have conceded his political career to have been in every sense manly and honorable. From the year 1887 Mr. Hensel practiced law with Hon. J. Hay Brown, until that gentleman was honored with a seat on the Supreme Bench in 1899, since which time Mr. Hensel has practiced alone, maintaining the supremacy which had been at- tained by them jointly as practitioners of the law. This law firm was a rare combination of energy and brains, both gentlemen having been prominent and tireless in their services to their respective parties, but making politics subsidiary to the law when they formed the partnership that was to become so fa- mous the State over. In 1898 Mr. Hensel was pres- ident of the State Bar Association, and is now vice- president of the American (or National) Bar Asso- ciation. Mr. Hensel's remarkable versatility displayed itself in belles-lettres, as a relaxation from the heavier, graver affairs of law and politics. Having a literary taste of the widest range, and being an omnivorous reader, Mr. Hensel's scholarly attain- ments found fruition in masterpieces of the pen. He wrote and delivered many brilliant addresses, among them being, "Some Wives of Famous Men," an able scholarl}- address full of wit and deep re- search; "The College in the Community," deliv- ered on Founders' Day, at Lafayette College, Eas- ton. Pa., in which he pointed out some of the dan- gers of the mercantile — the utilitarian spirit of the age, and the inestimable value of its counteracting influence — the college; and, "The Town We Live In: What It Has, and What It Wants," a lecture delivered by invitation before the Board of Trade in 1886, and of absorbing interest to those who had the town's welfare at heart, a masterly presentation of the subject, able and exhaustive, which created wide and most favorable comment, and gave a new im- petus to Lancaster's material progress. These are but a few of the addresses Mr. Hensel has delivered 376 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY in his remarkable career. Orations on anniversary occasions, at colleges throughout the State and else- where; speeches at the Clover Club's famous ban- quets ; treatises on farming that displayed knowl- edge ot husbandry; speeches to the Germans, Irish and Hebrews. Indeed, his literary scope seems to have no bounds or limits, and his trenchant pen and eloquent tongue to be ever ready to add their force to the furtherance of any cause making for the ad- vancement of his fellow men. Few men have had v/ider acquaintance with the prominent men of their time than Mr. Hensel has enjoyed, or had closer intimacy with them. He has numbered among his personal friends, Cleveland, Randall, Thurman, Hill, Tilden, Hendricks and nearly every Democrat in high place in the last quarter of a century. Mr. Hensel was married years ago to Miss Emily Flinn, daughter of A. C. Flinn, of Lancaster, and one daughter, Elizabeth, was born of the union. Mrs. Hensel passed away, deeply lamented for her lovely nature, in 1882. Mr. Hensel is a member of the Presbyterian Church. JOSEPH U. FRITCHEY, a leading contractor of Pennsylvania, having been connected with many large public enterprises, is the only surviving member of the family of children born to the late Rev. John G. Fritchey. Mr. Fritchey was born in Mechanicsburg, Pa., June 28, 1851, and grew to manhood amid surround- ings that taught the value of integrity as a component part of character. He received a good education in the common schools of the different places where the family resided, and was destined for a collegiate course. This, however, was averse to his tastes, as he early developed a desire to enter upon the active duties of life in the business world. At seventeen years of age he entered the jewelry store of Charles Gillespie, in Lancaster, and after two years with him engaged with Zahm & Jackson, who were in the same business. After applying himself with this firm diligently for four years, Mr. Fritchey resolved to start a business of his own. Locating opposite the courthouse, he conducted a jewelry business until 1879, when he sold out and accepted a position with the Meriden Silver Plate Company. After a year he became associated with the Pierpont Manufacturing Company, at New Bedford, Mass., with whom he was connected for some eighteen months, when he took a similar position with Simpson, Hall, Miller & Company, of Wallingford, Conn,, for whom he traveled seven years. Mr. Fritchey then left the road and coming to Lancaster established the first successful plant there for the manufacture of um- brella handles and fancy silverware, as a member of the firm of Osborn & Fritchey. After eighteen months he sold out his interest in this concern and be- gan the business in which he is now engaged. From the first he was successful in his new role, showing a grasp of detail contract work which few can excel, his strong point being that he carries through what he undertakes, regardless of obstacles. Mr. Fritchey has succeeded well in life and is reputed to be wealthy. He is genial, frauK and gen- erous, which traits make him popular with his friends. From his father he inherits a strong dis- like for the artificialities of life. Politically he is a stanch Republican, and delights to aid in the suc- cess of that party, but does not care for office. Fra- ternally Mr. Fritchey is a member of the I. O. R. M., the B.'P. O. E., the Hamilton Club and the Young Men's Eepublican Club. He is a member and liberal supporter of the First Reformed Church of Lan- caster. On Jan. 16, 1879, in Lancaster, Mr. Fritchey was married to Alice Herr Marks, daughter of Jacob M. and Elizabeth C. (Herr) Marks, one of the city's accomplished young ladies, and who has been a large factor in the success which has attended her husband. Jacob M. Marks was for years a prominent dry- goods merchant of Lancaster, and died in April, 1882, at the age of sixt5^-seven years. His widow, who still resides in the city, is well preserved at the age of seventy years. They were the parents of six chil- dren, three sons and three daughters, of whom the three daughters now survive : Mrs. Fritchey ; Eliza- beth C, widow of Addison Fritchey; and Catherine E., wife of Rev. William Dorwart, an Episcopal clergyman, of Newport, Pennsylvania. Mr. and Mrs. Fritchey are the parents of three children, George Marx, Elizabeth Herr and Alice Hendel. The family reside in a handsome and com- modious home on the outskirts of Lancaster. ELIAS DILLER, a retired farmer of New Hol- land, Pa., was born in Earl township, two miles from his present home, Oct. 11, 1827, a son of Jacob and Mary (Besore) Diller, the former a native of Earl township, and the latter of Leacock. Jacob Diller was a farmer, but for a while before his death was living retired, making his home with his daughter, Louisa Ranck, at the time of his death, Dec. 28, 1878, at the age of seventy-six. Mrs. Jacob Diller died March i, 1861, at the age of sixty- eight. She was a member of the Lutheran Church, and with her husband was buried in the Lutheran cemetery at New Holland. To their union were born the following children : Catharine ; Elias ; Mary A., who married Robert J. Knox, a resident of Intercourse, and a subject of a sketch on another page; Elizabeth, who married Henry K. Graybill March 17, 1890, and died at the age of fifty-three; and Louisa, wife of John Ranck, of New Holland, whose sketch appears in another place. The paternal grandparents of Elias Diller were George and Mary (Eckert) Diller, farming people of Lancaster county ; his maternal grandparents were Balser Besore and wife, of Lancaster count)^ Elias Diller was twice married. In 1857 he wedded Lucinda Seldomridge, and to them was born BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 377 one child, Harriet, who is unmarried and living at home. Mrs. Lucinda Diller was born in Leacock township, daughter of Benjamin and Harriet (Scott) Seldomridge, the former a farmer and a heavy cat- tle dealer (he owned two farms) ; she died in East Earl township in 1871, at the age of thirty-eight years. Her remains are resting in the Roland Church cemetery in Earl township. Born to Mr. and Mrs. Seldomridge were: Lucinda; Justin F., who died in Colorado Springs; Milton, deceased; Albert, deceased, of Philadelphia; Harriet Knox, and Annie Tweed, who live in Philadelphia; and Savilla Atkinson, who is deceased. The second marriage of Mr. Diller was in 1875, when he married Mrs. Eliza A. (Graybill) Bare. Mrs. Dil- ler was twice married, her first husband being Sam- uel Bare, who was a farmer .of Lancaster county. She was born in Earl township Oct. 2, 1834, a daughter of Samuel and Maria (Miller) Graybill. Her father was a farmer, and in 1874 he located at New Holland, but was retired twenty years before his death, which occurred in October, 1879, at the age of eighty-one. He held various township offices and settled many estates. Her mother died in 1892, at the age of eighty-one. Both were buried in the cemetery connected with the United Brethren Church at New Holland, of which she was a member. Eliza Ann was their only child, and her paternal grandpar- ents were Isaac and Nancy (Schrontz) Graybill; her maternal grandfather was Tobias Miller, whose wife's maiden name was Hurst. All were farming people of Lancaster county. Elias Diller remained with his parents until his marriage, and then engaged in the cultivation of his father-in-law's farm until the death of that gen- tleman, in 1862, when he went to his father's old homestead, which he cultivated until March, 1881. That year he retired and came to New Holland, buy- ing for .Ss,ooo from Mrs. Anna Eby, his present brick home. Mr. Diller is a Republican. He has a pleasant family, and is prominent and thoroughly up-to-date. JOHN ERISMAN, a retired farmer of Rapho township, was born on the same farm on which he now makes his home, Nov. 22, 1831. He is the son of Jacob and Mary (Metz) Erisman, who dur- ing their lives also resided on the present family homestead. Jacob Erisman, the father, was born March 11, 1784, and died May 7, 1868, while Mary, his wife, was born Feb. 26, 1789, and died in 1857. Both are buried in the old Erisman cemetery adjoining part of the farm. Both parents were members of the Mennonite Church. There were born to Jacob Erisman and wife the following children: Maria, born Nov. 7, 1808, died in 1820; Elizabeth, born Feb. 4, t8ii, died Sept. i, 1893, unmarried; Anna, born March 7, 1813, died in 1898, the wife of Chris- tian Hershey; Christian, born Feb. 2, 1816, is now retired and living in Rapho township; Jacob, born March 28, iSih, died in 1889, was a lumber mer- chant in Marietta, Pa. ; Abraham, born Nov. ,20, 1820, died in 1899, a farmer in the State of New York; Fanny, born Nov. 2, 1822, is the widow of John Becker, living near Petersburg, Pa.; Henry, born Nov. 26, 1825, unmarried, is a retired cattle and tobacco dealer, and lives with his sister, Mrs. Becker ; Mary, born Oct. 9, 1829, is unmarried, and lives at Salunga, Pa. ; and John, born Nov. 22, 1831, is the subject of this sketch. The first members of the Erisman family in America were three brothers who emigrated from Switzerland, one settling at Millersville, another in Lancaster county, and the third in Rapho township. John Erisman was married in May, 1 861, at the home of the bride, in Rapho township, to Miss Fan- ny Strickler. To this union have been born the fol- lowing children : Anna S., unmarried, and at home with her parents ; Tillie S., unmarried and living at home; Alary S., unmarried, residing in Boston, Mass., and a prominent teacher in that city of music and elocution; Jacob S., a clothing merchant of Leonard, 111., married to Miss Wolf ; Lizzie, wife of Israel Witmer, of Hanover; and Frances, a school teacher in Wyoming. Mrs. Fanny (Strickler) Erisman was born in Rapho township Aug. 2, 1832, daughter of John and Mary C. (Haverstick) Strickler, of Rapho town- ship and Lancaster City, respectively. The father died July 12, 1877, in Mt. Joy township, after living a retired life for ten years, at the age of eighty- two years. Mrs. Strickler died April 21, 1888, at the age of seventy-nine years. They are buried in Eberly's cemetery at Mt. Joy, Pa. In life they were members of the United Brethren Church. Mr. Strickler was a man of prominence and held the office of school director for a long period. There were born to them : Fanny is the wife of John Eris- man : Henry H., a grain merchant of Mt. Joy, mar- ried Miss Adeline WycofI ; John, a merchant of Lan- caster city, was twice married, first to Miss Anna Gable, and second to Miss Mary Harmon; Jacob, a furniture merchant and undertaker, in Illinois, mar- ried Miss Anna Kertz ; Anna died at the age of eight years; Emily, unmarried, lives at Mt. Joy; Will- iam, a furniture and dry-goods merchant at Polo, 111., married Miss Mary Weyman; Attila is the widow of Dr. William Brookhart; and Samuel, a ranchman in the Big Horn country, Wyoming, mar- ried Miss Margaret McKenzie. Mrs. Erisman's paternal grandparents were Henry and Attila (Eris- man) Strickler, of Rapho township. The grand- father was a farmer all his life and is buried on his old home. The maternal grandparents of Mrs. Eris- man were George and Fanny (Strieker) Haverstick,- of Lancaster county, and later of Philadelphia. He was a gold and silversmith and after leaving .off work retired to Lancaster county, where he died. His wife died at the home of her daughter, Mrs. John Strickler. Mr. John Erisman is a prominent man in his 878 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY district, and while an earnest Republican in politics has steadily refused many proffers of office at the hands of the party. In 1895 he retired from the active di.!ties of life, and since then has occupied him- self by keeping posted on current events and enjoy- ing a well deserved rest. He is well thought of by all for his strict integrity and kindly disposition. :\nLTON K. SHULTZ, of Manor township, residing one mile south of Washington borough, belongs to one of the oldest and most respected fam- ilies of Lancaster county, and was born on his pres- ent homestead Oct. 23, 1841. Isaac and Mary Ann (Keasey) Shultz, parents of Milton K., were also natives of Manor township and reared a family of eight children, born in the following order : Milton K. ; Stephen K., of Manor township ; Israel and Sylvester, deceased ; Joseph K., lumber dealer of Manor township, whose life sketch may be found on another page; Benjamin K., whose sketch appears elsewhere; Mary Ann, wife of Henry Wertz, of Washington borough, and Will- iam K., a farmer of Manor township. Isaac Shultz was born March 7, 181 5, was a cooper by trade, and worked at that business in winter; but in the spring was employed as a pilot on the Susquehanna river for lumber rafts, running down the stream from Marietta, Lancaster county, to Peach Bottom, in York county; he followed this business until it became obsolete. For fifty years Isaac Shultz was a member of the Church of God, and a greater part of this period was an elder. His wife passed away about the year 1889, and his own death occurred August 16, 1893. Milton K. Shultz was educated in the public schools, and his boyhood days, when not at school, were passed in his father's cooper shop in the win- ter season, and on the river rafting, during the sum- mer, and in the practice of the latter he early be- came an expert pilot. After the method of trans- porting timber to market had been changed, Milton K. resorted to farming, purchasing his present farm of thirty-six acres in 1889, tobacco being the principal product, together with garden produce. This farm he has improved with every possible m.odern convenience, and has made of it the most desirable home of its dimensions in the township. Dec. 6, 1864, Milton K. Shultz was united in matrimony with Emma, daughter of Jacob and Eliz- abeth (Poist) Collins, natives of Washington bor- ough, and the parents of three children, namely: Amanda, who died at the age of twenty-two years ; Emma, now Mrs. Shultz, and Jacob, who died in June, 1890. The father of these children was a butcher by calling and died in 1842 at the com- paratively early age of thirty-seven years ; his widow survived until 1875, when she expired at the age of fifty-four years. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Milton K. Shultz has been favored with seven children, of whom, however, only three ' survive. The births of the seven may nevertheless be recorded as having taken place in the following order : Mary E., who is the wife of Samuel Abel, a cigarmaker of Wrightsville, York count} : Elmira, wife of Jacob Shultz, an em- ployee at the rolling mill in Columbia, Lancaster county; Benjamin, still under the parental roof; and Calvin, Rosa, Ira and Warren, deceased. Milton K. Shultz and wife are likewise grandpar- ents of eight children ; of whom Jacob and Elmira Shultz are the parents of six — Theressa, Cora, Ruth, Floyd, Oneida and Beatrice; to Samuel and Mary E. Abel have been born two, Edgar S., and Mil- ton L. The Shultz family are consistent members of the Church of God, to the support of which they lib- erally contribtite, and no one in the township or county is more highly respected than Milton K. Shultz and wife. JOHN KLAUS (deceased), formerly a highly respected resident of Columbia, Lancaster county, was born in Plessen-Darmstadt, Germany, Jan. 28, 1828, came to America in 1854, and died in Lancas- ter county May 30, 1886, his remains being interred in Mount Bethel cemetery, Columbia, Pennsylvania. Ernest Klaus, father of the deceased gentleman whose name opens this article, was born in Hessen- Darmstadt in 1799, and to his marriage with Mar- garet Collenbaugh the following family were born; Wendell, Ernest, John, Philip, Jacob, Frederick, Henry and Katherine, the last named being the wife of John Hook, of Lancaster, Pa. Mrs. Margaret (Collenbaugh) Klaus was called from earth in 1845, and in 1851 Ernest Klaus and seven of his children came to Pennsylvania, direct from Germany, settling at York Furnace, York county, where he was em- ployed as a day laborer until his death. With the exception of Jacob, a farmer in Iowa, and Mrs. John Hook, these children have all passed away. Henry, the youngest son, after serving three years in the 9th P. V.C., died of disease in Louisville, Kentucky. In 1876 John Klaus was married, in Columbia, Pa., to Katherine Holder, who was born in Wit- tenberg, Germany, July 2, 1849, a daughter of Adam and Christina (Muchler) Holder, the former of whom was a farmer and died in Germany in 1884, at the age of seventy-three years. The latter died in t886, when seventy-two years old. Mr. and Mrs. Holder were the parents of six children, viz : Rosie, married to Frederick Stoll, a farmer in Columbia, Pa. ; Frederick, Mary, John and Agnes, all in Ger- many; and Mrs. Katherine Klaus, of Columbia. Mrs. Klaus came to America in 1873, lived three years in Marietta, Pa., and then came to her present place of residence. To the marriage of John Klaus, deceased, and Katherine Holder were born two chil- dren, Frederick and Rosa, both still residing with their mother, who is the proprietress of the very popular "Rising Sun Hotel" at Columbia. W'hcn the late lamented John Klaus came to America, in 1854, he first located in Lancaster, where BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 379 he followed his trade of shoemaker until 1857, when he came to Columbia and continued to pursue his calling until 1864. At that time he engaged in the hotel business, which he continued to follow until he died, in the faith of the Lutheran Church. He was a member of the Knights of Pythias, in politics was a Democrat, and socially was held in the highest esteem by his fellow citizens. Mrs. Klaus has re- built the "Rising Sun" and increased its capacity from eleven rooms to twenty-three, has introduced steam heat and and electric lights, modernized it in all other respects, and charges transient guests the modest sum of $1.50 per day. She has made the house the favorite stopping place for the traveling public, as it is quite homelike and the table is sup"- plied with the best the market affords, while she and her assistants are ever attentive to every need of the patrons. GEORGE HIPPEY. It is perhaps a charac- teristic of the solid prosperity prevailing throughout Lancaster county, that industry, integrity and thrift were the usual foundation. Among the citizens of Columbia, George Hippey, one of the best known and most highly respected residents, represents those sterling traits to a notable degree and his success in life has been commensurate with his win- ning qualities. Mr. Hippey is a native of Columbia, born Sept. 15, 1837, son" of William and Elizabeth (Cross) Hippey, and grandson of John and Mary (Hoff) Hippey, natives of Breslau, Germany, who mi- grated to America and became industrious and wor- thy citizens of Lancaster county. Their children were : William ; John, who died suddenly on a shoal in the Susquehanna river; and Mary K., who mar- ried John Kame and died in Lancaster county from the painful injuries resulting from her clothes be- ing accidentally set on fire. William Hippey, the father of George, was a sturdy and conscientious resident of Columbia. He was born April 13, 1803, and in his youth was in- ured to honest toil. With his parents he often walked barefooted to church, and carrying their shoes with them, from Columbia to Lancaster, and worshipping' on their arrival at the old Trinity Church. He was a cooper, following his trade through his active years at Columbia. He was the census enumerator there in 1850. In politics he was a Whig, and himself and wife were members of the Lutheran Church. She died of cholera at Colum- bia, Sept. 9, 1854, aged forty-four years, the second victim of the terrible plague during its visitation that year. William Hippey lived to a good old age, passing away June 13, 1892, aged eighty-nine years and two months. To William and Elizabeth Hippey were born the following children: Justina, wife of George Hoyer, a retired tinsmith of Harrisburg, Pa. ; Elizabeth, deceased wife of Solomon Duck , of Columbia; Louisa (deceased); John, who died at Columbia; George; Henry, a brickmason of Colum- bia; Charles, deceased; Allen C, who died at Roanoke, Ya. ; Amanda (deceased), and Samuel, a brickmason of Columbia. During his boyhood at Columbia, George Hip- pey worked in his father's cooper shop, remaining at home until he was twenty-two. He was employed two years in a rolling mill as a mule driver. For seven years following he was boss in an ore bank and in the Henry Clay furnace for John Q. Denney. At the expiration of that time Mr. Hippey began work for John Yeager, remaining with him seven years and thoroughly learning the butcher business. He then began the business for himself at Columbia, continuing a prosperous butcher until his retire- ment from active life in August, 1898. Mr. Hippey married, April 14, 1861, at Wrights- ville, Pa., Miss Rachel Hammond. Six children were born to them: James, Mary, Mary (2), Mar- garet, Ida and Rachel. Of these only one survives, Mary (2) . She is the widow of William E. Blaine, who was born ^n Milton, Pa., son of George and Elizabeth Blaine, the former a retired farmer now living at Washington, D. C. For eight years Will- iam E. Blaine was employed as a nurse in a govern- ment hospital m Washington, D. C. He came to Columbia in 1891 and was, until his death (Jan. 20, 1900, at the age of thirty-eight years), employed by George Hippey, the subject of this sketch. To William E. and Mary (Hippey) Blaine were born five children, namely: George, Rachel, Eliza Lee (deceased), Margaret, and James G. (deceased). In politics Mr. Hippey is a Republican. He is a prominent member of the Presbyterian Church, and in business and social circles is influential, and esteemed for his keen judgment and high character. JOHN GERHART, a retired farmer of Provi- dence township and one of its most respected res- idents, was born in Wallerstadten Hessen-Darm- stadt, Germ.any, Aug. 10, 1840, a son of Peter Ger- hart, who died in his native land. In 1865 John Gerhart landed in America as a poor man, 'with little capital except his strong arms and his industrious habits. He had received a good German education and had learned farm work, and to this he turned in the new country. Although he has labored very industriously and has been careful in the accumulation and expenditure of his means, he has no reason to regret his years of toil, as now, when he wishes to live at ease, he has the means to do so. His farm in Providence township is well im- proved and quite valuable, and his home in the vil- lage of Refton, to which he retired in 1901, is excel- lent property, while he is also the owner of other property. Mr. Gerhart was married in Lancaster county to Miss Mary Kerner, who came to this county with her parents when but six years of age. This mar- riage has been blessed with one son and two daugh- ters, namely: Emma, born Jan. i, 1869, is the wife of Jacob L. Frank, a miller, of Refton, Pa. ; Mary 380 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY N., born Feb. 26, 1871, is the wife of Simon Lynes, of Providence township ; and John P., born Feb. 12, 1882. In politics Mr. Gerhart favors the Dem- ocratic party, although he is not an active politician and has never cared to accept any office. With his family he belongs to the Old Mennonite Church. Mr. Gerhart and family are known in the community as honorable and upright people, and he is much re- spected. He is the only member of his father's fam- ily to come to America. MARTIN Z. LINDEMUTH (deceased) was born in West Donegal township, April 9, 1819, and died in his native township, in 1883, on the old farm where he had resided thirty-seven years. He was a son of Jacob and Barbara (Ziegler) Linde- muth, farming people of East Donegal township. His father died in West Donegal township in 1876 at the age of seventy-nine years, having led a long and useful life as a farmer ; his mother died in 1886 when eighty-six years old. They were members of the Lutheran and the Brinser Dunkard Churches, respectively. The children of Jacob and Barbara Lindemuth were as follows : Martin Z. ; Martha, who married John Engle ; Fanny, wife of John Bren- ner; Barbara, wife of Christ S. Nissley; Elizabeth, wife of John Myers ; Mary, wife of J. W. Nissley ; Leander^ who married Fannie Martin ; Anna, wife of Christ Garber. Barbara and Elizabeth were twins, and all the family are dead excepting Mary. The paternal grandparents of Martin Z. Linde- muth were Martin and Magdalene (Wolf) Linde- muth, both of I-ancaster county, both belonging to old and honorable families. Martin Z. Lindemuth was married in Lancaster, Nov. 26, 1839, to Miss Elizabeth Engle, by whom he became the father of the following family: Fanny, who married Eli Hoffman, a farmer in Kan- sas ; Anna, unmarried and at home ; Barbara, wife of Frank Bishop, of Harrisburg, Pa. ; John, married to Kate Meekly, and engaged in farming in Mt. Joy township; Hiram E., who married Emma Crush, and lives in Steelton, Pa. ; Mary, deceased ; Susan, who married David Hofifer, a traveling salesman from Lebanon, Pa. ; Elizabeth, wife of Peter Bach- man, of Lebanon; Martha, who married Christ Goss, a farmer and a school teacher, of Conoy town- ship; Solomon, deceased; Samuel, who married Fanny Stoner, and is engaged in farming on the old Engle homestead near Wild Cat station, where that important Lancaster county family was first lo- cated in this country ; Sarah, unmarried and liv- ing at home; Alice, deceased; Martin, who married Annie McLanachan, and is a farmer in Mt. Joy township. Mrs. Elizabeth (Engle) Lindemuth was born in Conoy township, Dec. 15, 1821, a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Myers) Engle, natives of Lancaster and Franklin counties, respectively. Her father was a farmer, and had a long and useful life, dying in Conoy township in 1861, at the age of eighty-one years. Her mother died in 1840, at the age of fifty- three years. They were both buried in a private cemetery on their old hohiestead and were mem- bers of the River Brethren Church. They had the following family, all of whom are dead excepting Elizabeth, who became Mrs. Lindemuth : Jacob, Henry, Fanny, Daniel, John, Samuel, Susan (who became Mrs. John Longenecker) , Elizabeth, Martha (who became Mrs. Jacob Hofifer) and Hannah (who married Peter Hoffer). The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Elizabeth Lindemuth were Jacob and Frances (Shoch) Engle, farmer people of Lancaster county, where they lived and died. Her maternal grandparents were Henry and Barbara (Brillhart) Myers, natives of Lancas- ter and Franklin counties, respectively. Martin Z. Lindemuth was a life-long farmer, and made a most enviable record for himself as an honest and industrious man. When he attained his majority he left home to make his own way in the world, and by upright character, force of will, un- wearied indtistry and strict integrity, attained a good position for himself. He was a Republican, and held the office of school director. In 1884 Mrs. Lindemuth with two daughters and a son moved into Elizabethtown, and here they have since resided. She is a member of the River Brethren Church, and her daughters of the Church of God. Mrs. Linde- muth IS still living at an advanced age, and while she is delicate, she is bright and active for her years, notwithstanding the experiences through which she has passed. Her daughters are devoted to her com- fort, and watch over her health and happiiiess with tender solicitude. ABRAM L. SHENK. For four generations the family of Shenk has lived in the old homestead in which Abram L. Shenk was born Oct. 12, 1826. The farm was first settled by the great-grandfather of the present owner, who died at the age of ninety- seven years, and there his grandfather, Henry, and his father, Abram, were bom. Abram Shenk, Sr., was a farmer by occupation. He was a Republican in politics, and a Mennonite in religious faith. He died in 1841, at the age of forty-six. He married Anne Landis, daughter of John Landis, and she survived him for many years, dying in the spring of 1861, at the home of her son. They were the parents of six children, of whom Abram L., is the eldest. The others were: Lizzie (deceased), the wife of Jacob Lutz; Christian, a farmer of Manor township; Annie (deceased), who married Benjamin Neff; Daniel, a resident of Safe Harbor; and Mary, who died in early childhood. Abram L. Shenk remained at home, assisting his mother in the. care and management of the farm, until he reached the age of thirty, when he was mar- ried to Fannie, daughter of Peter Musser. She died in 1873, the mother of four children, namely: Lizzie, Fannie and Mary and Abram M., (twins). BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 381 Lizzie married David Dambach, and Fannie mar- ried Albert M. Stoner, both of Manor township. Mary became the wife of Samuel Rodkey, of Columbia. Abram M. lives in the old homestead, and conducts the old Shenk farm; he married Katie Rohrer, daughter of Christian Rohrer, a successful farmer. After the death of his first wife Abram L. Shenk married Lizzie, daughter of Christian Rod- key, and to this marriage came one daughter, Martha, who is now the wife of Charles Myers, a machinist, of Columbia. Mr. Shenk continued to live in the old homestead until 1892, when he removed to his present farm, situated a half mile north of Central Manor. There he cultivates thirty-three acres, with marked success, and, despite his seventy-six years, is able to devote his entire time to farm work. He is held in high esteem by his neighbors for his many admirable qualities, and is one of the influential farmers of Lancaster county. His political and religious faiths are the same to which his father held; he upholds Republican policies, and is a member of the Mennonite Church. His old age is cheered by memories of a life well spent, and he looks forward to the future without fear. ADAM JOHN EBERLY (deceased), late one of the most conspicuous and able members of the Bar of Lancaster, was descended from an old and well-known family of the county. The first of the name in this section came from Switzerland, having been driven from his native land bv religious persecution, the family being Mennonites. At the time they came here, Lancas- ter was known as Hickorytown, and consisted of but two houses. Jacob Eberly, great-grandfather of Adam J., was a farmer, and his son, Henry, grand- father of .Adam J., was a miller, distiller and manu- facturer of linseed oil. Samuel Eberly was born Feb. 8, 1793, and died Jan. 29, T876, in what was at that time a part of Elizabeth township, now Clay township, Lancaster county. He was a well known scrivener and con- veyancer of Clay township, where he built a house for himself in 1832, which old homestead is still in the possession of the family. Samuel was the first recorder of Lancaster county elected under the constitution of 1837, prior to which date the office had been an appointive one, and his son Henry S. was the first" treasurer of Lancaster county elected by the people under the new constitution of 1873. .Samiiel Eberly married Miss Catherine Wike, daughter of John Adam Wike, a farmer of Lebanon county, and four children were born of this union, two sons and two daughters, the latter of whom both died in infancy. Of the sons, Henry S., who was a merchant in Durlach, Lancaster county, served as countv treasurer one term, and died in 1898. • Adam J. Eberly, the other son, was born Jan. 9, 1840, gn the old homestead at Durlach, and died Aug. 5, 1901, at his residence No. 314 West Chest- nut street, Lancaster, after a brief illness of three days, the complications resulting in heart disease. His earlier education was received in the districr schools, and later he took a one-year's course at Schaeriierstown Academy, and then attended Frank- lin and Marshall College, graduating therefrom in the class of 1861. After his college graduation he spent one year at home, and commenced to read law. Taking up his residence in Lancaster, he en- tered the lav/ office of the late Alexander H. Hood, and in 1864 he was admitted to practice in the coun- ty, only four persons being admitted that year, and of these Hon. Amos Mylin. is the sole survivor. In 1866 Mr. Eberly was admitted to practice in the Su- preme Court, and in 1867 to the District and Cir- cuit Courts of the United States. In 1864 Adam J. Eberly was married to Miss Mary E. Pearson, a native of Lancaster and a daugh- ter of William and Salome (Shirk) Pearson, and five children blessed this union, four of whom are yet living : Emma E., wife of J. Harlan Landis, en- gaged in the U. S. postal service, and running be- tween New York City and Pittsburg, Pa. ; William J., a graduate of Franklin and Marshall College, and now a m.ember of the Lancaster Bar, practicing law in his late father's office at No. 49 E. Grand street; Elsie E., widow of Robert Reilly, formerly of Lan- caster; and Robert P., who attended Franklin and Marshall Academy, Elizabethtown CollegCj and is at present at home. In religious faith Mr. Eberly was a member of St. Paul's Reformed Church, and he was held in the highest esteem by the community at large. In his political preferences Mr. Eberly was a stanch Republican, his time, influence and means be- ing always given to the advancement of his party. The Republicans of the Fifth ward of Lancaster had elected him at various times to a seat in the common council, as well as to the select branch of the city councils ; he was also a member of the Lancaster board of school directors. In 1883 he was elected by a handsome majority to the office of district at- torney of Lancaster county, taking his seat on the first Monday in January, 1884, and discharging the duties of that responsible office with intelligence and fidelity. At the time of his death he was a director of and solicitor for the People's Trust Savings De- posit Co., and of the People's National Bank, and was president of the Union Building and Loan As- sociation, all of Lancaster. When the Confederate forces invaded Pennsyl- vania during the Civil war, Mr. Eberly was among those who enlisted for the purpose of repelling them, joining Co. I, 51st P. V. I., and doing duty along the Potomac river in the State of Maryland." BENJAMIN SHERTZER (deceased), who was one of the representative men of Lancaster county, Pa., was born about 18 18, and resided in 382 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Manor township, where he died in 1889. There were four children in the family of which Benjamin was a member, the other three being: John, de- ceased; Lizzie, who was married to Martin Funk; and Mary, married to Christ Herr. The father, John Shertzer, married Mary Young and died when tliirty years old. Benjamin Shertzer was but eight years of age when his father died and the lad went to make his home with Benjamin Kauffman; he worked out by the day until after his marriage, but shortly after this event he purchased a tract of twenty-eight acres in West Hempfield township; a few years later he came to Manor township and for three years lived on the Samuel Kauflman farm, then purchased a tract of eight acres and later a farm of eighty-four acres adjoining the village limits, made some valu- able improvements, and there passed the remainder of his life. Benjamin Shertzer married Elizabeth Funk, who is still living, at upwards of seventy years of age, and is a devout member of the Mennonite Church, to which her husband also belonged. To their mar- riage were born seven children, four of whom grew to years of maturity, namely : Mary, wife of George Henry; Elizabeth, married to Harry Graver; Jonas F. ; and Benjamin F., all of Manor township. Benjamin F. Shertzer was born April 7, 1859, in Manor township, received a public school educa- tion, and remained on the home farm until the death of his father. About 1894 Benjamin F. purchased the home place, made some needed improvements, has since conducted general farming with satisfac- tory results and is classed among the leading agri- culturists of Manor township. On Oct. II, 1883, Benjamin F. Shertzer married Miss Susan B. Newcomer, daughter of Rev. Jacob Newcomer, of Manor township, and this marriage has been blessed with a family of eight children, born in the following order : x\nnie N., Lizzie N., Amos N., Mary N., Benjamin N., Aaron N., Aman- da N. and Ada N. HENRY POWNALL, who died Feb. 9, 1901, at the early age of forty-three, was born in Sads- bury township, Lancaster county, and was a son of Henry and Deborah W. (Walker) Pownall. Henry Pownall was married Oct. 21, 1880, to Louissa Smedley, at the home of the bride, in Fulton township. To this marriage were born: Norman J., who was killed by his horse running away, Nov. 21, 1899; Mary L., a teacher, who lives at home; Bertha A., J. Clifton, Alta D. and Chester H. are at home. Mrs. Louissa (Smedley) Pownall was born m Fulton township, Lancaster county, the daughter of James and Adeline (Ambler) Smedley, natives of Fulton township, and of Montgomery county, re- spectively. Both her parents are now dead. Her father was a farmer in Fulton township, where during his active days he held the position of school director for many years, and where he passed away. He died in 1888 at the age of sixty-nine. His widow, who was born in 1818, died. in 1899. Their remains rest in Penn Hill cemetery. They were members iof the Society of Friends. Born to them were : Clar- inda, who married Vincent S. Richards, of Little Britain township ; Louissa, the wife of Mr. Pownall ; Elizabeth P., who married Samuel P. Paxson, and lives on the old homestead. Ellis and Elizabeth (Hamilton) Smedley, the grandparents of Mrs. Pownall, were farming people of Fulton township ; her maternal grandparents were William and Elizabeth (Penrose) Ambler, both of Montgomery county, and settlers in Lancas- ter county in 1822, where they engaged in farming in Martic township. Henry Pownall, who remained with his parents until his marriage, was born and reared a farmer, and followed that vocation all his life. For two years after his marriage, he remained on the old homestead, a portion of which he cultivated ; at the end of that period he purchased his father's farm, and engaged in its tillage for the rest of his life. This farm comprised 135 acres, and still constitutes a part of the family estate. Mrs. Pownall with her family removed to her present abode in April, 1901, locating on a farm of sixteen acres, and making a very attractive home for her family. Henry Pownall was a farmer who made a suc- cess of his work, and stood high in the community. For some fifteen years he filled th,e office of school di- rector. Both he and his wife belonged to the So- ciety of Friends. He was politically a Republican. SAMUEL R. MYER (deceased). For many years the Myer family has been a prominent one in the State of Pennsylvania. Though found among the humbler walks in life, a number of them have been noted as being kind neighbors, true friends, worthy Christians, and exemplary citizens. To this family the late Samuel R. Myer was an ornament, and when he died on May 6, 1876, in the forty-third year of his age, the whole community in which he lived expressed feelings of sorrow and regret. Samuel R. Myer was born in Upper Leacock town- ship, Jan. 2, 1833. He was a son of Elder Joseph and Esther (Rohrer) Myer. Joseph Myer was a son of Jacob Myer. Jacob Myer was a son of Jo- han Myer, the pioneer settler of the family who came to America from Switzerland and ' founded the Mver family iti Pennsylvania. Elder Joseph Myer died on the old homestead in Upper Leacock town- ship in 1892, at the age of eighty-five years. His faithful wife preceded him to the eternal world two years before, in the eighty-first year of her age. Both of them were laid to rest in the old family burial ground. For many years Joseph Myer was a leading farmer of the community, and at the time of his de- cease was elder of the Conestoga congregation Of BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 883 the German Baptist Church. in Lancaster county. Elder Joseph Myer was the father of fourteen chil- dren, and we have record of John, who is a retired farmer of Ephrata township and an elder in the West Conestoga Church ; Elizabeth, deceased, who was the wife of Benjamin Staufifer; Samuel R., de- ceased, the subject of this sketch; Daniel, a retired farmer and machinist, residing in Lancaster ; Jacob, who is a retired farmer of Earl township; Moses, deceased : Maria, who married Michael Houck, liv- ing near Landis Valley; Sarah, wife of Jonathan Weaver, a farmer of Upper Leacock township; Abram, who lives on the old homestead farm ; Isaac, deceased ; Hettie, who is married to Elam Bushong, a farmer of Upper Leacock township; and Joseph, deceased. Samuel R. Myer was reared on the home farm and acquired his education in the district schools. Until the age of nineteen years he assisted in the various labors on his father's estate. But his tastes ran in another direction ; so in 1852 he was employed as clerk in Moses Eby's store at intercourse, in Lea- cock township, Lancaster county. Several years la- ter he moved to Bareville, and there engaged in the mercantile business until the time of his decease. May 6, 1876. He became a member of the German Baptist Church in 1864. At the age of thirty-two years, he was elected to the ministry, becoming one of the most esteemed and able ministers of the dis- trict. He was frequently asked to assist at funeral services in the neighborhood, being perhaps the only English minister among the German Baptist Breth- ren in that district. On Oct. 2, 1856, he married Miss Amanda Evans, daughter of John and Eliza (Nagle) Evans. Mr. Evans was an auctioneer, and also carried on the butchering business near Neffsville, in Manheim township. Later he moved to Lancaster, where he died in 1863, at the age of sixty-four years, and was laid to rest with his wife in the Lancaster cemetery. To John and Eliza (Nagle) Evans were born fourteen children, of whom. Sarah died young; Henry also died young; Isaac (deceased) was mar- ried to Catharine Grube, and resided in Lancaster city at the time of his death; David was a grad- uate of PYanklin and Marshall College, and for a number of years superintendent of the public schools in Lancaster county ; John, a retired drover in War- wick township, married Susan Grosh; Frederick (deceased) enlisted as a soldier in the Civil war; Benjamin (deceased), a prominent butcher of Man- heim township, married Eliza Groff; William, a prominent retired farmer, married Elizabeth Kauff- m.an, and now resides in Lititz, Pa. ; Charlotte mar- ried John K. Stoner, a retired merchant living in Lancaster city ; Anna E., unmarried, resides in Lan- caster; Harrison died in infancy; Maria, deceased, was the wife of Hiram Campbell, of Neffsville. The paternal grandparents of Amanda (Evans) Myer were residents of Lancaster county, all of Scotch-Irish extraction. Her maternal grandpar- ents were Frederick and Charlotte Nagle, both of Lancaster county. To Samuel R. and Amanda (Evans) Myer were born twelve children : Ella E., who married J. D. Buckwalter, and now resides in Los Angeles, Cal. ; H. Alice, at home ; Charlotte A., who married Mar- tin R. Shaeffer, and now resides in Bareville, Pa. ; Caleb L., who married Ida Hunchberger, and now resides in Los Angeles, Cal. ; Elizabeth, a teacher in Elizabethrown College, Elizabethtown, Pa. ; Anna, who married Samuel L. Miller, and now resides in Philadelphia: Joseph, who died at the age of nine months ; J. Evans, who died at the age of two years ; Amanda, deceased, who married C. W. Guthrie, and resided in Los Angeles, Cal. : Eva, who married W. S. Groff, and resides in Philadelphia; Sadie, living at home ; Samuel R., who married Carrie Saylor, and resides in Bareville, Pennsylvania. Miss Elizabeth Myer, one of the above named daughters of Samuel R. Myer, taught for a number of years in the public schools of Lancaster county. She is now a teacher in the college at Elizabethtown, Pa., having held this position since the establishment of the college, Nov. 15, 1900. Elizabethtown Col- lege is located in Elizabethtown, Lancaster Co., Pa., on the main line of the Pennsylvania railroad. The town is centrally located, being eighteen miles distant from each of four county seats, name- ly : Harrisburg, Lancaster, York and Lebanon, and is surrounded by one of the richest agricultural dis- tricts in the State. This college, though under the control and managenient of a Board of Trustees con- sisting of men who are members of the German Bap- tist Brethren Church, is open to all who desire to avail themselves of its educational advantages. In the third annual catalogue of the Elizabethtown College may be found outlines for the following courses of study : Literary Course, Teachers' Train- ing Course, Commercial Course, and Bible Course. The college building is a substantial brick struc- ture, 45x90 feet, three stories above the basement. It is situated on elevated ground, commanding a magnificent view of the town, the valley and the ad- jacent hills, and is surrounded by a campus of about seventeen acres. The building is equipped with modern conveniences, such as electric lights, steam heat, toilet and bath rooms, and is a model in its plans and arrangements for school purposes. JOHN B. HERR. Christian Herr, Jr., was born, Oct. 2, 1808, the son of Bishop Christian Herr, of Pequea, and died Jan. 14, 1885. His entire life was spent in the vicinity of Lime Valley, and in his active years he was known as one of the leading men of the town. For some years he was engaged in -the distillery business, though farming was his main occupation. Miss Susan Brockbill, who became his wife, was born in Strasburg township, Oct. 14, 181 1, the daughter of John Brockbill. At the time of her death she lacked but twent5f-five days of being sev- enty-six years old. Both she and her husband were 384 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY members of the Old Mennonite Church. They were the parents of five children : John B., born Nov. lo, 1834 ; an infant, born March 14, 1837 ; Levi B., born Jan. 14, 1838, a well driller in Strasburg township ; Christian, Jr., born Sept. 22, 1840, who lives in Lan- caster; Eliza Ann, the widow of Eby Hershy, lives in Strasburg township. John B. Herr was born on a farm adjoining that he now owns and occupies, and was educated in the district school. His rnarriage occurred Oct. 21, 1856, after which he located on the farm where he is found at the present time. It comprises 120 acres, and lies a mile south of Lampeter. The original farm buildings, still standing, were greatly remod- eled by Mr. Herr, and in 1879 he put up a thor- oughly modern brick residence. For eighteen years Mr; Herr has sought to retire from active business life, but his energies have been too great to permit it. So he is constantly on the move, and, notwith- standing his advanced years, is ready to help wherever he can. Mr. Herr owns a second farm of forty-three acres in West Lampeter. John B. Herr was married to Fannie, a daughter of Henry and Elizabeth (Herr) Hess, of Pequea township, who was born Dec. 9, 1836. To this union have come seven children, (i) Christian H., born Sept. 18, 1857, resides on the homestead, and is mar- ried to Amanda, a daughter of Daniel Book, of West Lampeter township, by whom he has had the follow- ing family : Ada F., Henry B., Roy D., Christian, Amanda, Walter, Ira, Mary, Clarence and Maud. (2) Henry B., born July 21, 1859, married Barbara Harnish, by whom he had six children, John B., Anna M., Bertha, Mary, Cora and Victor. They live on part of the homestead, and Henry B. Herr has always taken a lively interest in Sunday-school from the time he attended the school conducted by his father ; he was the founder of the Lampeter Bible and Music School, and through his efforts the church edifice at Lampeter was erected, where ministers of all creeds have a free pulpit. Henry B. is the super- intendent of the Sunday-school and is also chorister. His work is regarded as of a high grade, and de- serving of much consideration by the community. (3) Milton F., born March 24, 1861, died March 31, 1864. (4) Lizzie N., born Jan. 9, 1864, married Samuel E. Rauck, of Intercourse, by whom she has had three children, Carrie, David and Bertha. (5) Susan I., born May 19, 1866, died Jan. 11, 1873. (6) John L., born Jan. 23, 1869, died Feb. 12, 1873. (7) Anna M., born Aug. 26, 1872, is the wife of B. D. Grofif, of West Lampeter township, and is the mother of Lizzie, John and Fannie. Mr. and Mrs. Herr are both members of the Mennonite Church, as are all the children and their families. He was the first Sunday-school superin- tendent of the Mennonite Church of Lancaster county, holding his position for twenty-three years under Bishop Benjamin Herr and the Rev. Amos Herr. 'Mr. Herr lias assisted in the organization of many Sunday-schools, and has visited freely outside schools that he might gain information to use in his own work. He is a man who has done much good in his day, and is much respected by a large circle of friends. WILLIAM AUGUSTUS HEITSHU, residing at No. 512 East King street, Lancaster, is a descend- ant in the fourth generation of Jacob Heidschuh (as the name was originally spelled), who was born in the Palatinate, and emigrated to this country in 1728 [Col. Rec, Vol. XVII, Second Series, p. 15], reach- ing Philadelphia after a voyage lasting from June 15th to August 19th. Jacob Heidschuh, together with others of his fellow immigrants, located in Lou- doun county, Va., where he bought land and engaged in farming. He died at that place in 1775, leaving three sons, Jacob, Nicholas and Philip, and one daughter, Elizabeth. Philip, the youngest son, soon after his father's death, moved to Reading, Pa., to live with an uncle located there, with whom he learned the trade of, hatter. In 1784 he was married to Catharine, daughter of Philip Rupert, who at that time lived in Reading, but who later moved to Sun- bury, Pa. In 1798 Philip Heitshu removed to New Holland, Lancaster county, where he resided until 1806, when he came to Lancaster and opened a hat factory, which business he continued until, in 1827, he retired from trade, the business being continued by his sons William and Daniel. He died in 1846, at the age of eighty-two, his wife dying four years previously. His children were: William; Daniel; Elizabeth ; Mary, wife of Daniel Keller ; Catharine, wife of James Russel ; Sarah, wife of Jacob Kurtz ; Margaret; Sybilla; and Henrietta, wife of Samuel Dorwart. Daniel Heitshu was born in 1798, at New Hol- land, Lancaster county, where his father, Philip, then resided. As already stated, he, in conjunction with his brother, William, succeeded his father in business, and after William's retirement he conducted the factory until 1856. In 183 1 he married Elizabeth, daughter of George Weitzel, of Lancaster, and their children were William Augustus, whose name opens this sketch ; John, a farmer at Dover, Del. ; Samuel, a wholesale druggist at Portland, Oregon ; and Harriet, residing at No. 30 North Lime street, Lancaster. William Augustus Heitshu, son of Daniel, was born in Lancaster city Aug. 20, 1833. He was edu- cated in the schools of that place, always noted for their excellence, and there learned the hatter's trade in his father's establishment. From 1856 to 1867 he carried on business at No. 21 North Queen street. He then went to Philadelphia, and engaged in the same business for a period of seven years. Later he removed to Brooklyn, continuing in trade in that city, and in 1883 returning to Lancaster, where he has since resided. Although not actively engaged in business in recent years, Mr. Heitshu continues to be what he always has been, a very busy man. The management of his estate, and the exactions of the ;/..2. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 385 various charitable, educational and other organiza- tions with which he has long been connected, have made large demands upon his time, and have afford- ed him a'broad field for the display of his well-known executive abilities. He has contributed not a little to the advancement and improvement of his native city by the erection of superior dwelling-houses for its rapidly growing population. His wide experience in that direction led to his being chosen the treasurer of the building fund for the erection of the just com- pleted palatial Young Men's Christian, Association building, the burden of which work largely devolved upon him, and was most efficiently discharged. He is, at the present time, an active member ot the build- ing committee engaged in the erection of the new Re- formed Church at the corner of North Duke and Orange streets. He is also connected with the man- agement of the Lancaster General Hospital, and has been untiring in his efforts in behalf of that excellent institution. Mr. Heitshu has for some years been president of the Mechanics' Library Association of Lancaster city, and has served at various times as treasurer of numerous associations and organizations, and is at the present time a member of the board of di- rectors of the West End Building & Loan Associa- tion. So generally is Mr. Heitshu's faithful and un- selfish work in every worthy public cause recognized, that he is always among the first to be placed in man- agement. Yet, his natural disposition is to keep in the background, rather than to make himself prom- inent so that only those associated with him are aware of the extent and value of his good work in every cause that has for its purpose the benefit and uplifting of the community. In his quiet and un- ostentatious way, he has done much more than many whose deeds sound louder in the trump of fame. In his religious affiliations he adheres to the Reformed Church, the church of his fathers, and has for many years held the office of elder in St. Paul's Reformed congregation. Mr. Heitshu responded to his country's call dur- ing the war of the Rebellion, going to the front as a member of the I22d Regiment, Pa. Vols., and taking part in the battles of Fredericksburg, Chantilly and Chancelloi sville. In 1863 Mr. Heitshu was married to Mary, daughter of Christopher Geiger, a well-known iron- master in this county. She is descended from one of three brothers named Geiger who came to America from Germany and settled at Gibraltar, Berks county. Of these, Anthony Geiger bought a tract of land from John, Richard and Thomas Penn. That he reached Berks county at least as early as 1735 is shown by a land warrant issued to him in that year. Christopher Geiger, son of Anthony, was born in 1720, married Mary Robeson, and died in 1805. Elisha Geiger, son of Christopher, was born in 1776. He married Mary Jones, daughter of Thomas Jones, Jr., and died in 1821, leaving two sons, Chris- topher and Elisha, and several daughters. 25 Mrs. Heitshu's father, Christopher Geiger, to- gether with Philip and Samuel Small, of York coun- ty, Pa., in 1840 built Manor furnace, in York county, Pa. Later, in 1846, he, in partnership with the Small brothers and Edward and Joseph Patterson, of Balti- more, the brothers of Jerome Bonaparte's wife, built the Ashland furnace in Baltimore county, Md. Still later, in 1884, Mr. Geiger built the Sarah furnace, in Harford county, Md., which he operated. The union of Mr. and Mrs. Heitshu has been blessed with the follov/ing offspring : Samuel Parke, who is connected with the engineering corps of the Pennsylvania Railroad; William Augustus, Jr., at present a student at Cornell University; and three others, now deceased. Mrs. Heitshu, like her husband, has for many years been prominent in the community for her many good works. She was for years president of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, of Lan- caster, and a member of the board of managers of the Young Women's Christian Association, and, also, a member of the Ladies' Auxiliary of the Young Men's Christian Association. For the past six years she has been one of the lady managers of the Home for Friendless Children. She is active and aggres- sive in all the duties that fall to her lot in the va- rious schemes of benevolence that enlist her sympa- thies and assistance. Although reared in the Pres- byterian faith, she has united herself with St. Paul's Reformed Church, in which she is known as a strong and active worker in all the various organizations connected with the church. A woman of vigorous intellect, and an able debater, she is frequently heard in Reformed Church and other assemblies. Both Mr. and Mrs. Heitshu are descended from sturdy Revolutionary ancestry. John Paul Weitzel, the great-grandfather of Elizabeth Weitzel, Mr. Heitshu's mother, was a native of Switzerland, and came to America in 1742, his son Paul, a lad of seventeen years, accompanying him. John Paul was a baker, and young Paul learned the trade with his father, carrying on the business after the latter's death. He was an active business man, and took much interest in the affairs of his adopted city. He was one of the founders of the Julianna Library, and built the first three-story house in Lancaster. At the breaking out of the Revolution, he became an active supporter of the cause of the Colonies. Six of his sons were at one time in the patriot army; John, as a colonel ; Paul and Casper, as captains ; Jacob, as a lieutenant; while John Paul, a private, was killed in the battle at Hackensack, N. J., and Philip went with the patriot forces to the Carolinas and was reported missing after one of the engage- ments there. Lieut. Jacob Weitzel was a member of the Order of the Cincinnati, and Mr. Heitshu has his original certificate of membership, , dated Oct. 31, 1785, bearing the signatures of George Washing- ton as president, and John Knox, as secretary, hang- ing in his library. Paul Weitzel also had one daugh- ter, Charlotte, who was married to Jacob Johns. 386 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Philip Rupert, the father of Catharine, wife of PhiHp Heitshu, grandfather of WilUam A., was also a German immigrant, coming to this country in 1754, and locating in Reading Pa. He enlisted in the British army during the French and Indian war, and saw four years" active service against the French in Canada. When the trouble between the Mother Country and the Colonies broke out he gave his ad- herence to the cause of the latter. As a lieutenant he was present with the patriot forces at the capture of the Hessians at Trenton, and also at the battle of Princeton. He was wounded at the battle of Brandy- wine, and closed his long and patriotic career at Catawissa, Pa., in 1827, in his ninety-second year. Along maternal lines, the ancestors of Mrs. Mary (Geiger) Heitshu, the Smiths and Parkes, were of sturdy Revolutionary stock. James and John Smith, brothers, came to America from Scotland, bringing with them their sister Mary, who was the grand- mother of Robert Fulton. Col. Robert Smith, her direct ancestor, was born on the voyage across the Atlantic. For a period of nine years he was the chief executive of Chester county. In 1775 the Executive Committee, a Colonial body, gave him a vote of thanks for his efficient services. Rev. Thomas Jones, ancestor of Mary Jones Geiger, mentioned above, was a na- tive of South Wales. He came to America with two sons. Rev. Samuel and Thomas, Jr., in 1727. The latter settled down to a farmer's life near Sinking Springs, Berks county, and the lands then purchased by him are still in the family name. During the Revolutionary struggle he served as a major in the Pennsylvania Line, and also in various civil capaci- ties. In those days Pennsylvania was a slave-hold- ing State, and slaves were kept on the Jones estate. Some thirty years ago Mrs. Heitshu saw one of these ex-slaves, the last survivor of her great-grandfather's lot, who had lived to reach a great age. Mrs. Heitshu's ancestors in the Parke line came from Ireland, in 1720, and settled at what is now Parkesburg, Chester county, that town being named for them. Arthur Parke, the founder of the fam- ily in this country, came from County Donegal, bringing with him his wife, Mary, and their four children: Joseph, John, Samuel and a daughter, the wife of William Noblett. They were well-to-do, and took up several large tracts of land. Joseph Parke, the direct ancestor, acquired a large portion of that property. He died July 28, 1787, aged eighty- one years ; his wife, Elizabeth, survived him thirty- seven years, dying May 21, 1824. Their children were Arthur, Joseph, John William, Mary, Eliza- beth, Jane, Daniel and Samuel. The family were Presbyterians, and gave that church five ruling elders in as many successive generations, and four clergymen, one of whom was Rev. Samuel Parke, Mrs. Heitshu's grandfather. As an example of the persistency of family characteristics along the line of ancestral occupations, faiths and professions, it may be stated that Samuel Parke, just mentioned, married Martha Grier, daughter of Rev. Nathan Grier, one of the early Presbyterian preachers of Brandywine Manor, and whose two sons, John N. C, of Brandywine, and Robert, of Gettysburg, and two sons-in-law were clergymen. The old Octoraro Presbyterian Church, near Parkesburg, was organ- ized in 1720, and the first Arthur Parke was an elder there;, another Arthur Parke, a direct descendant, is an elder there today. For 175 years there has never been wanting a Parke on the board of elders of that church. Mrs. Heitshu has in her possession two of the '"tokens," as they were called, which were dis- tributed at communion in those early days in Pres- byterian Churches to those thought worthy to par- take of this sacrament. They are made of lead, and somewhat resemble worn coin. ' One of these has stamped on it the letters U. O., meaning the Upper Octoraro Church ; the other S. R., meaning Slate Ridge, the church where her grandfather preached for more than forty years. A direct descendant from two lines of Revolution- ary sires, Mr. Heitshu has naturally gravitated into the patriotic order of the Pennsylvania Society of the Sons of the Revolution, as has also his son, Sam- uel Parke Heitshu. Mrs. Heitshu's claim to mem- bership in the order of Daughters of the American Revolution comes through three distinct lines of an- cestry, a somewhat unusual occurrence. She is a member of the Donegal Chapter, and has been prom- inent in its general affairs and management for a number of years, and her voice is frequently heard when the good of the order calls for active partici- pation in the deliberations. HENRY KURTZ BAUMGARDNER, one of Lancaster's most prominent citizens, and a leading coal and lumber dealer, comes of an old settled fam- ily of the State. Leonard Baumgardner, his great-grandfather, was a Hessian soldier in the pay of Great Britain during the Revolutionary war in this country, but deserted his colors and fought under Washington. The war ended, he settled in York, Pa., and there passed the rest of his days, dying at the age of sev- enty-nine years. Thomas Baumgardner, son of Leonard, was a prosperous and well-to-do farmer and hatter of York, who died in 1872. He married a Miss Ray- mond and became the father of nine children. Henry Baumgardner, youngest in the above men- tioned family of children, was born in York in 1821. He acquired his education in the public schools and in a college at Gettysburg, Pa. Having inherited a commercial instinct from his father, he chose a busi- ness life, and came to Lancaster, where, associated with his brother Thomas, he engaged in the dry goods business. Their store was on the site at pres- ent occupied by Hirsh & Bro., and they met with great success. In 1852 Thomas retired, but Henry BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 387 continued in the dry goods business, and was soon one of the leaders in that line in the city. He was connected -vt'ith various other enterprises in the city, and his name is still associated with the coal trade, so great a success did he make in that line. For years he was president of the Reading Gas Co., which he helped to organize. He was one of the founders of the First National Bank, in which he was a stock- holder and a director, and he was also a director in the Lancaster Trust Co. He was connected with the Hubley Manufacturing Co. and the Lancaster Construction Co. These concerns were all in Lan- caster, but his interests were not bounded by his home county, and he was interested in the concrete paving company, Filbert & Co., of Philadelphia, and for ten years he operated large cordage works in Beverly, New Jersey. Politically, Henry Baumgardner was a Republi- can, and served on the school board and in the city council. In his religious belief he was a Lutheran, and belonged to St. John's congregation. He was a liberal contributor to the charitable enterprises of all denominations, and a firm believer in the work of the Y. M. C. A. Fraternally, he was a Mason, uniting with the order in 1852, and becoming Wor- shipful Master of Lodge No. 43, A. Y. M., in 1858 and 1864. He helped to organize Lamberton Lodge, and for ten years was its treasurer. From 1875 to 1880 he was district deputy grand master. In 1846 Henry Baumgardner was united in mar- riage with Anna Louisa Kurtz, by whom he had children as follows : One that died in infancy ; Thomas, who died in infancy; Clara, wife of Rev. Ruf us W. Hufford, D. D., of Reading ; Henry Kurtz ; Anna Mary, who married J. F. Cross, of East Or- ange, N. j'. The mother died Nov. 22, 1875. For his second wife Mr. Baumgardner married Mary Salina Prosser, widow of Jay Caldwell. Mourned not alone by his family but by a wide circle of ac- quaintances, who esteemed him for his many virtues, Henry Baumgardner entered into rest May 30, 1898. Henry Kurtz Baumgardner, the subject proper of these lines, was born Jan. 29, 1851, in Lancaster, Pa., and received his education in part at the public schools of the city, in part at Franklin and Mar- shall Academy. On concluding his studies he re- moved to Beverly, N. J., where he became associ- ated with Baumgardner, Woodward & Co., in an extensive rope and cordage factory, his connection with that firm extending to the long period of twen- ty-one years, at the end of which time, the plant having been sold to the National Cordage Co., of New York, Mr. Baum.gardner returned to Lancas- ter. Here, in the fall of 1888, he entered into part- nership with his father-in-law, B. B. Martin, in the coal and lumber trade, under the firm name of B. B. Martin & Co. On Jan. t, 1902, the firm of B. B. Martin & Co. was incorporated into a stock com- pany, called the B. B. Martin Co., and Mr. Baum- gardner became its president and treasurer, he own- ing the controlling interest. In August, 1891, Mr. Martin died, leaving Mr. Baumgardner sole proprie- tor of the business, which is one of the most exten- sive of its kind in the city. In the latter part of 1900 he erected a new office building on North Charlotte street, one of the finest and most commodious coal and lumber offices in the city. Our subject in poli- tics is a Republican. In 1877 Mr. Baumgardner was married to Miss Lilly Elizabeth Martin, daughter of the late B. B. Martin, in his day one of the best known and most influential men in Lancaster, one of whom it may be said was the pioneer in the erecting of elegant sub- urban hom.es in the West End of the city, a section he helped in a marked degree to develop. Mr. Baum- gardner is identified with St. John's Lutheran Church, being a member of the church council, and for some years served as superintendent of the Sun- day-school. Fraternally he is affiliated with Lam- berton Lodge, No. 407 F. & A. M. He is treasurer of and stockholder in the Hubley Manufacturing Co., artd an active member of the Lancaster Board of Trade. He is justly regarded as one of Lancas- ter's influential citizens, and is popular alike in busi- ness, church and social circles. CHRISTIAN G. SHERK. Among the prom- inent and successful agriculturists of Mt. Joy town- ship is Christian G. Sherk, a well-known citizen, and also an old soldier of the Civil war. Mr. Sherk was born in West Hempfield town- ship, Oct. 25, 1841, a son of John R. and Catherine ( Gochenauer ) Sherk, the former of West Hempfield township, and the latter a native of Lancaster coun- ty. The father died in West Hempfield, where he was a farmer and a school director for a number of years, his death occurring in 1868, at the age of fifty-three; the mother only lived to be thirty-five, her death occurring in 1852. They were buried in the Sherk burying ground, a private family ceme- tery. They were members of the Old Mennonite Church and lived up to the belief of that organiza- tion, in peace and charity with all men. Their chil- dren were : Martha, who died when young ; Sarah A., deceased ; Christian G. ; Mary A., who married M. L. Greider, of Mt. Joy ; Emanuel S., who died in 1878, at the age of thirty-three ; Elizabeth, who mar- ried Dr. G. W. Bernheisel, of Columbia, Pa. ; Elias, who died in infancy; and Elias (2), who also died in infancy. The paternal grandparents of Mr. Sherk, were Christian and Magdelina (Rohrer) Sherk, who were married in 1807, in West Hempfield township, where he was a man of wealth and owned large tracts of land. The great-grandfather was Joseph Sherk, born in 1734, who married in 1755, Susan Strickler. The maternal grandparents were Henry and Eliza- beth (Rohrer) Gochenauer, of Lancaster county, the former of whom married Elizabeth Reigle for liis second wife. Christian G. Sherk was reared on the farm and earlv became well instructed in the practical man- 388 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY agement of a large estate; when he was about six- teen years old, however, he accompanied his parents to Mt. Joy, where they remained from 1856 to 1865. He enlisted, Sept. 20, t86i, in Co. C, 77th P. V. I., Tinder Col. S. C. Stumbaugh, and was discharged Oct. II, 1864. After the return of his father to the farm, Chris- tian remained with him for several years, but then moved to a farm of his own, in West Hempfield township, engaging there in general farming for five years ; in 1872 he returned to Mt. Joy. There he again resumed farming and for a few months conducted a butchering business, but later confined himself exclusively to looking after his agricultural interests. Mr. Sherk was united in marriage in Lancaster county, on Nov. 2, 1865, to Elmira E. Detwiler, who was born on her old family homestead, a daughter of Joseph Detwiler, of Mt. Joy. Two daughters have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Sherk : Anna, who married Dr. Samuel S. P. Lytle, a dentist of Mt. Joy, Pa.; and Lucy, who died young. Mr. Sherk votes independently, as his judgment directs, is a consist- ent member of the U. B. Church; for twelve years has been an efficient school director in Mt. Joy bor- ough, and is a man who enjoys the respect and es- teem of the community. MAJOR BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BRENE- MAN, of the well-known firm of Flinn & Brene- man, leading house furnishers, Lancaster, is, by virtue of his exalted business position and his social qualities and functions, well entitled to prominent mention in this work. Melchoir Breneman, the first of the family in this country, came from Switzerland, landing Sept. 17, 1717, in Pennsylvania. Here he took up a grant of 700 acres of land from the Penns, this land lying just south of Lancaster, on both sides of Mill creek. Subsequently he took up two other grants of land of 90 and 125 acres, respectively. Major Breneman's descent from Melchoir is through Adam, Henry, Henry (2) (who was a Mennonite preacher as well as a farmer), and Benjamin, the last named being the Major's father. Benjamin Breneman, who was a prosperous merchant of Camargo,. this county, married Susan, daughter of Christian Herr, one of the largest landowners and most prominent citizens of the southwestern part of Pennsylvania,- whose landed estates were located in East Lampeter township, this county. Some of these ancestral acres near Strasburg are still in the possession of- Major Breneman, being a legacy from his mother. Christian Herr married a daughter of Capt. John Withers, of Revolutionary fame, the latter having been one of the three sons born to Augustine Wither (as the name was then spelled). These three sons, Michael, John and Qeorge, were prominent in the Revolution. Michael Withers was a manufacturer of firearms in Lampeter town- ship. His muskets and rifles were celebrated, and were used by the soldiers of the Revolutionary war. He was elected a member of the Committee of Correspondence from Strasbtirg township Nov. 22, 1774. Capt. John Withers was born Dec. 24, 1729, and died Dec. 24, 1813. In the business world the three brothers were also prominent as men of wealth and enterprise, owning a large body of land. They built the Sadsbury forges in 1800; Mt. Eden furnace, which went into blast in 1809; and Conowingo furnace, in Drumore township, in 1810. To Benjamin and Susan (Herr) Breneman were born three sons and one daughter, the latter of whom died in childhood. The sons were: Chris- tian H., at one time a member of the firm of F. Shroder & Co., proprietors of the Conestoga Cotton Mills; Henry. H., who was in the wall- paper business in Cincinnati; arid Benjamin Frank- lin. Major Benjamin F. Breneman was born in Camargo, Lancaster Co., Pa., and received his education in the district schools of the locality of ■ his birth, and at the Strasburg Academy. His first employment was as a clerk in the dry-goods establishment of the late R. E. Fahnestock, of Lancaster, after which he became associated with his brother in the Camargo Mfg. Co., whose paper-mill was located at Camargo. Associated with one of his brothers, he then estabhshed a branch business in Cincinnati. Thence, after con- ducting that concern some four or five years, the Major removed to St. Louis, and for a time en- gaged in the cotton business in that city. Return- ing, however, to Cincinnati, he concluded, after a brief sojourn there, to engage in business in New York, and accordingly betook himself thither, and spent a year on Wall street. From New York he came to Lancaster and in 1868 entered into partner- ship with the late A. C. Flinn, in the stove and heating business, under the firm name of Flinn & Breneman. In 1880 Major Breneman sold his- interest in the business to George B. Willson, and spent a year or more in foreign travel ; then return- ing to Lancaster, he bought back his interest from Mr. Willson, and the firm has since continued as Flinn & Breneman. In 1895 the Major took another trip to Europe, and brought back many souvenirs of his visit, besides delightful and en- tertaining experiences. At all times an ardent and active Republican, Major Breneman has, nevertheless, neither sought nor accepted public office. At one time he was president of the Lancaster Board of Trade, and assisted in the organization of two such boards in that city. In religious faith he is a member of St. James Episcopal Church, at Lancaster, and was a vestryman in same for a number of years. Socially he has been president of the Hamilton Club since its organization, twelve years ago, having been one of its incorporators. He was the seventh president BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 389 of the famous Five O'clock Club, of Philadelphia, and is still a member 'of same ; an interesting sketch of his life, together with a portrait of him, appears in the history of that club, published some years ago. The Major has been a member of the Union League Club of Philadelphia for twenty-five years; was one of the original members of the Manufacturers' Club of Philadelphia; and one of the original members of the old Masonic Club of that city, which club has passed out of existence. For years he was a director of the Lancaster Fire Insurance Company; was one of the organizers of the Lancaster Mfg. Co.; was a director of the Lancaster & Quarryville Railroad; was a promoter of and stockholder in the "Stevens House" Company of Lancaster; was a director and presi- dent of the Lancaster Watch Company; a director of the Pennsylvania Traction Company; interested in the New Holland Railway, and a director of the New Holland & Lancaster Traction Company; is interested in the traction companies of Lancaster generally; and, in fact, for the past twenty years, has been identified with every movement tending to the advancement and improvement of the city and its people. If, however, the Major is more prominent in one direction than in another, it is in Masonry, and from The Keystone, a Masonic publication, we glean the following: Eminent Sir B. Frank Breneman was made a Mason on May 12, 1869, in Lodge No. 43, in Lancaster, Pa.,' and elected W. M. of the lodge on Dec. 10, 1873. On April 27, 1870, he received the capitular degrees in R. A. Chapter, No. 43, and was elected M. E. High Priest, Dec. 22, 1875. He received the Cryptic degrees in Goodwin Council, No. IQ, Tune i,'i870, and the degrees of Order of the Red "^ Cross and of the Temple in Lancaster Commandery, No. 13, stationed at Lancaster, April 28, 1874. Sir Breneman was elected Eminent Commander of Lancaster Commandery on .\pril 29, 1875-. .After having served as Grand Sword Bearer from 1878 to 1882, Major Breneman, on June 12, 1882, was elected R. E. Grand Commander of the Grand Commandery of Kniglits Templar, of Pennsyl- vania, which distinguished station he held with honor to himself. During his administration occurred, on Oct. 26, 1882, the grand Templar dis- play in connection with the Bi-Centennial celebra- tion of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. On this occasion R. E. Sir Breneman displayed great energy and ability in the conduct of the Templar pageant, and has just cause to feel proud of the eminent success of the Templar day, which was universally acknowledged to have been the day of the Bi-Ce'ntennial Celebration. Major Breneman was also District Deputy Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, from 1880 to 1882. The eminent service that Major Breneman has rendered Freemasonry in its Ancient Craft, Capitular and Templar branches entitles him to the praise of a devoted and earnest craftsman. Major Breneman earns his title through having been an ordnance officer on the staff of Gen. Frank Reed, of the National Guard. His home, a delight- ful and commodious residence, stands at' the corner of East Orange and Lime streets, Lancaster, and there also reside his brother's widow, Mrs. Louisa A. Breneman, and her only daughter, the wife of Leon Von Ossko, an artist of considerable repute, whose work has attracted marked attention in New York and other art centers. JACOB WISE, a general farmer of Salisbury township, was born Oct. 11, 1839, ^^ Leacock town- ship, son of ]\Iichael and Maria (Miller) Wise, the former of Upper Leacock and the latter of West Earl township. Michael Wise was a blacksmith by trade and worked at this during his early life, but later became a farmer; prior to his death, he removed into the village of Gap, where he died in 1887, at the age of eighty years. His widow lived until 1892, dying at the age of seventy-seven years. Both parents were interred in the cemetery at Gap, and both had been consistent members of the Presbyterian Church. Their children were as follows : Mary A., deceased wife of Amos Townsend; George, a resident of Braddock, Pa. ; Jacob ; Henry, Isaac and Reuben, deceased ; Sarah, who married Edmond McCachren, of Philadelphia ; Harriet, who • married Elias Mc- Cachren, of Columbia ; Levi, a farmer and black- smith at Gap, *Pa. ; Susannah, deceased wife of Christian Shank; Michael, of Cochranville ; John, deceased ; Adam, a farmer of Salisbury township ; and Clara, married to August Henness, of Atglen, Pa. The paternal grandfather was Jacob Wise, a carpenter of Leacock township ; and the maternal grandfather was George Miller, also a carpenter in Lancaster county. Jacob Wise remained assisting his father on the farm until he reached his legal majority. He be- c:ame interested in the threshing business and fol- lowed it for three j'ears in partnership with his brother George. His first farm was that known as the Frantz place, in Salisbury township, where he worked for one year very successfully. The follow- ing year he alternated according to the season, be- tween the fish and the threshing business, axid then purchased an adjoining farm and operated that for eighteen years. After jjuying the present fine farm, he moved his residence to it and now carries on the work of both. Few men are better posted as to agri- cultural matters than Mr. Wise. The best years of his life have been devoted to this work and he is gen- erally regarded as a very excellent farmer. In poli- tics he has been a lifelong Democrat. With his family he belongs to the Presbyterian Church, to which he is a liberal contributor. In September, 1862, in Lancaster, Mr. Wise was 390 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY united in marriage with Miss Margaret Ann Mc- Neal, who was born in Sunflower, Bart township, in 1843, a sister of Samuel McNeal, of Salisbury- township. The children bom to Mr. and Mrs. Wise were the following: Thomas M., a farmer in Ches- ter county, who married Lucinda Futer, and has eight children ; Mary R., who married George H. Stern, in the creamery business in Chester county, and who has two children ; Catherine M., who mar- ried Rev. H. F. McNelly, a minister in the United Brethren Church at Pottstown, and has two chil- dren; William W., in the creamery business in Chester county; Charles H., a farmer in Salisbury township, who married Mary Rissel, and has two children ; Edmund McC, a farmer in Salisbury township, who married Hannah Henry and has one child; John M., at home; Cora J., who married Leonard Pickel, a farmer in Chester county, and has one child; Jacob P., a moulder at Pottstown; and George P., Ida M. and Samuel P., at home. The family is one that is most highly respected in Salisbury township, where it is prominent in social life. Mr. Wise is one of the reliable citizens M'ho are representative men. JAMES MITCHELL JENKS, the senior mem- ber of the well-known firm of J. M. Jenks & Co., manufacturing jewelers, located at the corner of Queen street and Centre Square, is one of the lead- ing men m the commercial life of Lancaster, as well as one of the most popular in social circles. The founder of the Jenks family in America was Lady Jenks, who came to Pennsylvania from Eng- land in company with the Penns, locating in Phila- delphia. Of the same religious belief as were the Penns, she wished to have religious liberty and re- solved to make her home in the goodly land to which they had come. All of the tract now occupied by Kensington, Philadelphia, was ceded to the son of Lady Jenks, by the Penns. Other illustrious names appear in the ancestry of James Mitchell Jenks, as his maternal grandmother, was a Miss Stockton, a cousin of Commodore Stockton, and his grandfather was Daniel Trimble Jenks, who settled in Bucks county and established, at Newtown, a woolen mill. This property passed out of the possession of the family as late as 1897, at the death of the grand- mother of Mr. Jenks, she having lived to the unusual age of ninety-three. Abraham Stockton Jenks, the father of James Mitchell Jenks, was for many years a member of the prominent Philadelphia wholesale dry-goods firm of Harper & Jenks, and. for twenty-nine years was connected with the board of education from the First district of Philadelphia. His death occurred sev- eral years ago, and he was a man universally re- spected and beloved. His wife, who had been Miss Rosanna Montgomery, a daughter of Hillman Mont- gomery, a linen worker, from the north of Ireland, who settled in New Terse)', survived him for a time. Three children were born to this union : Daniel Trimble and Mary Stockton, both of whom have passed away; and James Mitchell, of Lancaster. James M. Jenks was born in Philadelphia, March 25, 1849, and was educated in the public schools of that city until he reached the age of thirteen, when an adventurous spirit took him to Colorado, and there he was engaged by Wells, Fargo & Co., as a stage driver, freighting on the Plains for four years, during which time the lad developed both physically and mentally. He returned to the East in the fall of 1869, and soon after he connected himself with the firm of Warn Bros., at No. 712 Chestnut street, Philadelphia, in the jewelry trade, and remained with that firm for nine years, as buyer and as traveling salesman. His next business connection was with a New York City jewelry commission house, with which he remained six years, coming then to Lan- caster. Here he was engaged as traveling salesman for the great manufacturing jewelry house of Zahm, and for the past nineteen years has been connected with it, buying the business in March, 1899, and changing its name to the present firm title of J. M. Jenks & Co. For thirty-five years, Mr. Jenks has made period- ical trips through the country from New York to San Francisco, supplying jewelry to an immense trade. The Zahm plant was offered for sale by Mrs. Clara Zahm, and when, on March 18, 1899, Mr. Jenks became its owner, he associated with him in the business, Louis Sondheimer as partner, and since that time the business has increased and become known all over the world. The specialty of this house is Alasonic and other fraternity marks, but it also does a general jewelry making business, there being absolutely nothing that can be manufactured out of gold that it does not make. To be the head of a great business like this requires great good judg- ment and an intimate knowledge in many connecting lines, and that Mr. Jenks is thoroughly qualified is proved by his prosperity. In 1S76 Mr. Jenks was married to Miss Rosa Hughes, daughter of Arthur Hughes, of South- wark, Philadelphia, and one daughter, Mary Stock- ton, has been born to this union. Mr. Jenks is a thirty-second degree Mason, and in politics is a stalwart Republican. As an agreeable member of social circles, he is highly valued, his constant travel having given him a fund of anecdote, and a broad and liberal tone that make of him one of the most desirable companions and delightful hosts. JACOB C. FORREY, an extensive farmer and well-known citizen of Manor township, Lancaster county. Pa., who lives on his homestead of 132 acres one mile and a half south of Mountville, was born in West Hempfield township, June 15, 1842, and is a son of Jacob and Mary (Copenheffer) Forrey, both from highly respected families of Lancaster county. Jacob C. Forrey was reared to agricultural pur- suits on the old homestead, was educated in the pub- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 391 lie schools, and at twenty-one years of age began farming on his own account on his present farm in Manor tovvnship. This place has subsequently been improved in every respect and is acknowledged by all to be one of the best homesteads in the county. General farming is carried on, and the well-culti- vated fields are the pride of the neighborhood. In 1862 Jacob C. Forrey married Miss Elizabeth Eshleman, daughter of Benjamin Eshleman, of West Hempfield township, and this marriage has been fruitful in the birth of ten children, viz. : Mary, Emma, Alice, Annie, Jacob, Benjamin and John, all still under the shelter of the parental home ; Harry, a conductor on an electric railway at Columbia and married to Mary Walker; Lillie, wife of Abraham Crider, of West Hempfield; and Fannie, deceased. The Forrey family are among the most respected of the residents of Manor township and worship at the Mennonite Church ; while Jacob C. Forrey is an active Republican in politics, he has been contented to pursue the even tenor of his way as a farmer, re- gardless of public office. REV. JAMES YOUNG MITCHELL, D. D., is the popular pastor of the First Presbyterian Church, at Lancaster, the impress of his strong personality having been felt in the city for more than twenty-five years. His parents came to this country from County Derry, Ireland, in 1828, landing in New York, but going on to Philadelphia, where the husband and father engaged in the manufacture of cotton and woolen goods. His business in Ireland had been that of a linen manufacturer. He was very success- ful and was able to retire in 1857. Twenty-four years later he died, and his widow, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Young, followed him to a blessed reward in 1884. Five children were born to them, all of whom lived to mature years, but only two of whom are now living: Mrs. Martha Graham, the widow of the late Robert Graham, of Philadelphia; and Dr. James Young, of Lancaster. Rev. James Young Mitchell, D. D., the eloquent Presbyterian clergyman, was educated in the public schools of Philadelphia, and when within six months of finishing the course in the High school, left that institution to enter the Newark (Del.) Academy to prepare for Delaware College. This was in 1850, and after passing through the Freshman and Sopho- more years of that school, he in 1852 repaired to Union College, at Schenectady, N. Y., then under the presidencv of Eliphalet Nott, widely known as a leading educator in a former generation. From this school Mr. Mitchell was graduated in 1854, with valedictory honors. For three years he studied in the Princeton Theological Seminary, and was then licensed by the Presbytery of Philadelphia, and, lo- catmg at Phillipsburg, N. J., was ordained July 14, 1857- The church at Phillipsburg was unfinished, and the congregation much in debt. Mr. Mitchell com- pleted the erection of the building, and secured the removal of the debt, working there very effectively until 1862. That year he accepted a call' to what was then known as the Central Presbyterian Church of the Northern Liberties in Philadelphia. Here, too, he secured the payment of a heavy debt, and selling the church to the Reformed Congregation, Mr. Mitchell and his congregation secured a build- ing site at the corner of Franklin and Thompson streets, where they erected a large structure, which was known as the Temple Church. This location was within two squares of where Dr. Mitchell was born, and his father, mother and family were mem- bers of his church, his trustees and elders being from among those with whom he had gone to school and played in boyhood. He continued a very pleasant and harmonious pastorate with this people for about fifteen years. Dr. Mitchell accepted a call to the First Presby- terian Church in Lancaster, in July, 1876, and since that time has worked in the pastorate in this city. His church building has been twice remodeled, an elegant chapel erected, one misson church estab- lished, and one organized. One of these, the Me- morial Presbyterian Church, is now an independent church society, though it was a mission from 1869 to 1885. The other mission is that of the Bethany chapel, a beautiful structure on West End avenue, where an interesting Sunday-school is now con- ducted. The mother church, under the pastoral care of Dr. Mitchell, has with all this extension more than doubled its active membership. In 1858 Dr. Mitchell was married to Miss Hen- rietta Michler, a daughter of Peter S. and Mary (Howell) Michler, of Easton, Pa. Her father was largely interested in coal and iron in the Lehigh Val- ley. From this union were born seven children, all of whom but two reached maturity. These children were: James, a sketch of whom appears below; Mary Howell, who married H. H. Hoyt, of Mil- waukee, Wis., and has six children, (Lansing W., J. Mitchell, Henrietta M., Howard H., Gerald and Olive) ; Elizabeth and A. Lincoln, who both died in childhood ; Martha Graham, who became the wife of Col. Crane, of the U. S. army, and died in Cuba, Feb. 4, i8qo, universally regretted, leaving two chil- dren, William Cary and James Mitchell, whO' live with their grandparents : Warren, a civil engineer, now in the service of the Penn Coal Gas Co. ; and Henrietta, married to J. A. Maxwell, and now living in Lancaster. Dr. Mitchell, who was a student of elocution un- der the great James E. Murdock, is recognized as in the first ranks of pulpit orators. His pulpit presence is fine, his oratory brilliant, and his grasp of religious themes thorough and comprehensive. The sermons which he delivers draw large congregations, and se- cure the earnest attention of the most thoughtful and cultivated people of the community, often being spread before the public in the daily press. His mind is distinctively literary, and among his earliest ef- 392 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY forts was the writing of a history of his church in Philadelphia. He was a strong advocate of the Union cause during the Civil war, and his voice was often heard in earnest defense of the Nation. Dr. Mitchell has repeatedly been moderator of the Presbyteries to which he belongs, and was the last inoderator of the old historic Synod of Phila- delphia. Seven times he was a commissioner to the general assembly, and has been president of the Lan- caster Ministerial Association, serving the Lancaster City Bible Society in the same capacity. With all these labors he has found time to be a good citizen, and to take a deep interest in the public questions of the day, making the influence of his faith felt in his relation to the life around him. JAMES MITCHELL, M. D., eldest son of Rev. James Y. Mitchell, D. D., whose history as well as that of his ancestry, is given above, has had a re- markable career. James Mitchell was born Oct. lo, 1859, ^t Phil- lipsburg, N. J., where his father was then stationed, and when only two or three years old removed with his parents to Philadelphia. There he attended the public schools and was graduated from the Rugby Academy, after which his parents removed to Lan- caster, and he entered the class of 1880 in Franklin and Marshall College. After graduating from the latter institution Mr. Mitchell entered the Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania, from which he was graduated in 1883, receiving dis- tinguished mention for his thesis. Immediately after his graduation from the University Dr. Mitchell was elected, after competitive examination, to the position of physician of the Philadelphia (formerly Blockley) Hospital, the first competitive examina- tion' held by that institution ; and he also passed the examination for the Presbyterian Hospital. The Doctor thus became resident physician of the Phila- delphia Hospital from 1883 to 1884 ; and of the Pres- byterian Hospital from 1884 to 1885, at the expira- tion of which time he opened an office in Phila- delphia for the general practice of medicine and sur- gery. During this time he was elected visiting phy- sician of the Presbyterian Hospital, and assistant surgeon to the Wills Eye Hospital, and to the Ear, Nose and Throat Dispensary of the Pennsylvania Hospital. When the Spanish-American war broke out in 1898, Dr. Mitchell was commissioned as first lieuten- ant assistant surgeon to the 9th U. S. Vol. Inf., and after a few months was commissioned major sur- "■eon. At the end of ten months he was mustered out with his regiment, at Camp Meade, and was then made assistant surgeon in the United States Army, being ordered to the Philippines. There he was with Gen. Lawton, and directly attached to Gen. Young's division, 8th Army Corps, serving in the lield with the 4th U. S. Cav., and participating in nineteen engagements, after which he was stationed with the 32nd and 35th U. S. Inf., and also with the 13th and 17th, and he served eighteen months in northern Luzon and other islands. During his last year in the Philippines Dr. Mitchell had charge of the United States government hospitals at Orion and Bautista, the latter the base of hospital operations; there were thirteen posts connected therewith, and six other surgeons. Going to the Philippines Dr. Mitchell visited Japan on the "City of Sydney," and returned on the LTnited States steamship "Indiana," having 520 sick and 250 disabled and discharged soldiers on board. Two days were spent at Hono- lulu on the way to San Francisco. The Doctor re- signed from the government service in April, 1901, arid in September, of that year, opened a suite of most elegantly furnished and completely equipped offices at No. 164 King street, Lancaster, where he is now located in the general practice of medicine and surgery. Dr. Mitchell is a member of the Phi Delta Theta fraternity, and of the Philadelphia County Medical Society, the Philadelphia Pathological Society, arid the Lancaster Pathological Society. He is also a member of Lancaster Lodge, No. 134, B. P. O. E. Having a most pleasing personality, coupled with his remarkable experiences in various hospitals and in the field, his location in Lancaster will be hailed as a blessing to the community. EDWIN LESHER REINHOLD, president of the Pennsylvania Construction Company and general contractor, at Marietta, Pa., was born in the city of Lancaster April i, 1847, ^^^ is a son of Rev. Jacob and Mary (Lesher) Reinhold, natives of Lancaster county. Jacob Reinhold died at the age of seventy-two years, and was one of the substantial and most highly respected business men of the city, where his widow, who was born in 1824, still resides. The chil- dren born to Jacob and Mary Reinhold numbered five, and were born in the following order: Eliza- beth, wife of George Brindle ; Mary, married to J. W. Byrne ; Edwin L., whose name opens this article ; Anna, wife of Prof. C. H. Nagle ; and Susan, wife of W. C. Eichler. The paternal grandparents of Edwin L. Rein- hold were Henry and Mary Reinhold, the former of whom was a justice of the peace for many years. His ancestor, Christopher Reinhold, was born near the city of Heilbronn, Wurtemberg, Germany, April 10, 1728, and was a scrivener by profession. He sailed for America in 1753, and settled in Lancaster county. He served in the 2d Regiment, Continental Line, in the Revolutionary war. Mr. Reinhold's maternal grandparents were John and Mary (Miller) Lesher, natives of East Cocalico township, the former a descendant of Nicholas Lesher, who was naturalized in January, 1729. Edwin L. Reinhold was educated in the city ot Lancaster, and at an early age was engaged in the hardware business with his father. In 1871 he be- ^^^^^^^H 1 1 1 ^ mmmm ^ «?^. /U^yly2yl^JLc?^-^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 393 came a member of the firm of Becker & Reinhold, and operated a rolling mill at Chickies, and for six years managed the Marietta Hollow Ware & Enamel- ing Company, of which he was one of the principal organizers. He was also active in the organization of the Northern Market House, in Lancaster, the Pennsylvania Electric Company, the Pennsylvania Monument Association, and the Pennsylvania Con- struction Company (a very successful business en- terprise). In June, 1870, in Marietta, Mr. Reinhold married Miss Isabella H. Becker, who has borne him seven children, viz. : Edwin B. (a member of the Pennsyl- vania Construction Company), Anna B., Ethel B., John Jay, Jessie M., Albert C, and Paul, all with the exception of the eldest still under the parental roof. Mrs. Isabella H. (Becker) Reinhold was born four miles from Lititz, Pa., and is a daughter of John and Anna (Hoover) Becker, of Donegal township, Lan- caster county. John Becker settled in Chickies in 1852, and conducted a rolling mill until his death, Aug. 3, 1893, ^t the age of seventy-six years; his remains were interred in the Marietta cemetery ; his widow, who was born in 1824, is still a resident of Chickies. Their family consisted of six children, viz. : Catherine, wife of Harry Stauffer, of Mt. Joy ; Nathan, who died in infancy ; Isabella H., now Mrs. Reinhold; Norman, who died at the age of three years ; Emma, wife of Owen Bricker, an attorney at Lancaster, and Fremont, a clerk in Marietta. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Reinhold were Henry and Mary Becker, who were agricitltural people of Lancaster county, and the original homestead in Warwick township, purchased from William Penn, is still in the possession of the Becker family. The maternal grandparents of Mrs. Reinhold were Mi- chael and Sarah Hoover, of Donegal township, and the family homestead, also purchased from William Penn, is still in the possession of the descendants. Politically Edwin L. Reinhold is one of the most popular Republicans in Lancaster county. In 1884 he was elected a delegate to the Republican National Convention at Chicago, and in 1888 was elected re- corder of deeds of Lancaster county, having received 22,000 votes'. He is very active in promoting his party's interest on all occasions. Fraternally Mr. Reinhold is a Master Mason, a Knight of Pythias, and a member of the Order of the Golden Eagle and of the Benevolent & Protective Order of Elks. Religiously, all the Reinhold family are members of the Episcopal Church, and are highly respected in the community. As a business man iVir. Reinhold bears a name that has never been im- peached. F-DWIN BECKER REINHOLD, member of the Pennsvlvania C9nstruction Company, general contractors, at Marietta, Pa., was born at Chickies, East Donegal township, Lancaster Co., Pa., July 27, 1872, and is a son of Edwin L. and Isabella H. (Becker) Reinhold. Mr. Reinhold was educated in the public schools of Marietta and at the Millersville State Normal School, after leaving which he entered the office and laboratory of the Chickies Iron Company, where he remained four years. As designing was to him a natural gift, he entered the draughting department of the Fenton Art Metallic Company. On his re- turn to Marietta he joined his father and Hon. H. Burd Cassel in the organization of the Pennsylvania Construction Company, which became an extensive and lucrative business. He is also a director in the Exchange Bank, Pennsylvania Electric Company, Pennsylvania Monument Association, and Electric Light Company. In October, 1898, at Springfield, Ohio, Mr. Rein- hold married Miss Delle Downey, a native of that city, and daughter of William C. and Frances ( Sny- der) Dbwney. Mr. Downey was at the head of a Steel Wire Manufacturing- Company, and is now liv- ing in retirement. Mr. and Mrs. Reinhold are mem- bers of the Episcopal Church, and are held in high esteem. In politics Mr. Reinhold is an ardent Republi- can, but has never aspired for any office. During Gov. Hastings' Administration, he was appointed designer of the art metal work in the Capitol build- ings. AMOS H. HERR, one of the most prominent citizens of Neffsville, Manheim township, is a direct descendant of Hans Herr, the founder of the fam- ily in Lancaster county, is the son of Henry and Catherine (Herr^ Herr and the grandson of Frederick Herr, who was born in Manor township. The father of Catherine Herr was a son of John Herr. Frederick Herr, the paternal grandfather, died when his son Henry was only about two years old, thus throwing him at a very early age among strangers. Henry grew to manhood and worked for farmers. When a young man he was employed by his uncle at six dollars a month. After his mar- riage he began farming, renting a place of his fa- ther-in-law, Abraham Herr, in Manor township, which he later bought. It comprised 162 acres, two miles west of Millersville, and there he spent his life. Success attended his operations, and he bought other farms, until he owned at one time 417 acres of very desirable land. Beginning life with $700, from this small capital he accumulated a very con- siderable fortune. When he died, in 1884, he was eighty-three years old, and was a member of the German Baptist Church. Catherine (Herr) Herr, was born in 1805, and died at the age of fifty-nine years. She was the mother of the following fam- ily: Mary, the wife of Martin Bear, who- is living near Sterling, 111. ; Tobias, who died in January, 1901, for many yeairs a farmer and a minister in the German Baptist Church; Henry, a resident of Manor township, on the old home place; Martha, the wife of N. C. Baker, of Freeport, 111. ; Amos H. ; 894 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Fannie, the widow of Isaac H. Kauffman, of West Hempfield township ; Abraham, a resident of Penn township ; Catherine, who died in childhood ; EHza- beth, the widow of Jacob B. Good, of Lancaster; Christian, of Lancaster. Amos H. Herr was born Nov. 28, 1834, and re- ceived his education in the public schools and in the State Normal at Millersville, being among the first pupils of that old and famous institution. After graduating he taught three terms of school, one each in 1855, 1856 and 1858, in Manheim, Manor and Penn townships. In 1858 Mr. Herr began farming in Manor town- ship, where he remained five years ; then he came to Manheim township, making a location on the farm adjoining the one he now owns, which came into his possession in 1868. It was owned prior to him by his father, and contained seventy-five acres; to this he has added four more acres, and here he has lived, retired since 1898. Mr. Herr has been one of the successful men of the township, and for fif- teen years' was a member of the school board. Mr. Herr was married in 1858 to Mary, a daugh- ter of David and Fannie (Forrey) Harnish, and to this union were born : David, a farmer in Manheim township ; Josiah ; Jonas, a machinist in Ephrata ; Henry, a butcher in Neffsville ; Amos, a farmer on the homestead; Elam, a farmer in Manheim town- ship ; Enos, now dead ; Susan, the wife of Martin Funk, of Manor township ; Zenas, at home ; Emma, deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Herr and their oldest son belong to the Baptist Church, and hold a creditable position in this community. CHRISTIAN SEITZ, a venerable and well- known general farmer of Rapho township, was born in Strasburg, Fa., Feb. 8, 1824, a son of David and Mary (Wade) Seitz. Mr. Seitz's parents, who were married May 29, 1817, were both born near Lancaster. David Seitz was born Jan. 19, 1797, son of George Seitz, a farmer of Lancaster county, and he, too, be- came a farmer, and also operated a mill near Lancaster, but for some time prior to his death he lived retired. He passed away March 10, 1858. The mother, Marv Wade, was born Jan. 8, 1795, and died Nov. 9, 1871. Their ashes now repose In the Men- nonite cemetery below Landisville, although the body of the father was first buried where he died, and then removed to its present location at the request of the widowed mother. She belonged to the Men- nonite Church, and he was a man of fine moral char- acter, upright standing, and possessed of many friends in the community where his peaceful and useful life was passed. These were their children : Martha, who married Christian Shirk, and is now deceased ; Mary, who married Adam Brenner, and went West ; George, a farmer and Dunkard preacher in Manor township ; and Christian. When he Vvas twenty-four years old, Christian Seitz was married in Lancaster, Pa., to Susannah Hershey, who was born in West Hempfield town- ship in 1826, is a daughter of Andrew Hershey. They had one child, Frances, who married Harry. C. Horner, cashier of the First National Bank of Lancaster, and is the mother of five children. Christian Seitz remained with his parents until a year after his marriage, when he rented a small farm on shares for a year, and then operated the home farm two years. After this he carried on the farm of his father-in-law on shares for nine years. In i860 he established himself on his present farm, where he still remains. His wife is making her home with the daughter in Lancaster. Mr. Seitz has been very prosperous in his business enterprises, and owns two fine farms in Rapho township. From i860 to 1897 he was engaged in cattle driving in ad- dition to his farming, and made considerable money m that line of labor. He is a member of the Old Mennonite Church, and in politics is a Republican. His career has been a creditable one, and he is now enjoying its results. Notwithstanding his advanced age he keeps his health to a remarkable degree, and is still spry and active. JOHN K. JACKSON, of Columbia, Lancaster county, is one of the most reliable engineers on the Pennsylvania railroad. He was born in Pequea, this county, Oct. 25, 1839, a son of David and Cath- erine (Petrie) Jackson, both natives of the same county. The mother was called away in January, i860, at the age of forty-six years, expiring in Stras- burg, and in 1881 the father came to Columbia to reside with his son John K., and there died in 1883, at the age of seventy-three. In early life he was a cooper but in his latter years lived retired on a well- earned competency. To Mr. and Mrs. David Jack- son were born thirteen children, viz. : Lavinia, wife of Hiram Skeene ; Sarah, who married William Stigleman, of Lancaster county ; Ann, married to \Villiam McEntire, who is living in retirement in Columbia ; William, who served three years in the army, and is now deceased ; Amanda, of Christiana, Pa., married to George Helem ; John K. ; Julia, wife of John Rowe, a boiler inspector in Columbia; Susan, widow of Theodore Eyde, who was shot in the eye in the Civil war, from the effects of which wound he died; Newton, boilermaker foreman at fhe roundhouse at Columbia ; Elizabeth, wife of John Zell, a boilermaker; Isaac, a railroad conductor, Diller, who died in infancy; and Hienry, who was a farmer in Illinois, but is. now deceased. John K. Jackson lived on the home farm until twenty-one years old, when the tocsin of war called him to arms, and he enlisted June 4, 1861, at Lan- caster, in Co. E, 1st Pa. Reserves, under Capt. Neff, for three years ; he was mustered into the State ser- vice at West Chester, and into the United States service at Baltimore, Md. He participated in many important engagements, among them iDeing : Gaines Mills, White Oak Swamp, Charles City Cross Roads, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 895 Malvern Hill, Manassas, Bull Run, Antietam, Fred- ericksburg', Gettysburg, the Wilderness, Mine Run, North Anna River, Spottsylvania Court House and Bethsaida Church. He was never wounded, and was mustered out at Philadelphia, June 13, 1864. Returning home he remained until January, 1865, when he came to Columbia, and began working in the boiler shops of the Pennsylvania Railroad Co., where he remained one year, then worked as fireman four years, and was next promoted to engineer, the position he now holds. On March 24, 1867, Mr. Jackson married Miss Joanna Sourbeer, and to this union have been born the following named children: M. Catherine, who is married to Whitehill Hunter, a railroad passenger conductor, residing in Columbia ; Harry G., a boiler- maker in the same borough, who married Marguerite South ; Ella R., wife of Harry Myers, floor- walker in a store at Brooklyn, N. Y., johnE., a silk-weaver, residing with his father ; Sarah M., Charles N. (a printer) , Minerva S., William D., Elmer E., and L. Ethel, all with their parents. Mrs. John K. Jackson was born in Columbia, Sept. 3, 1844, a daughter of Henry and Catherine (Stock) Sourbeer, of Martic Forge, Lancaster coun- ty, who came to Columbia in 1821, when the father became a pilot on the river; he was honored with several local offices, including membership in the borough council. He lost his wife, Feb. 24, 1857, at theage of forty-seven years, and his death occur- red Dec. 30, 1887, when eighty-two years old. Mr. and Mrs. Sourbeer had a family of five children, viz. : Uriah, a stationary engineer in Columbia, now re- tired ; Harry, a dry-goods merchant in Harrisburg ; Jacob, who served four years in the army, and was severely wounded by a grape shot at the battle of Cold Harbor, but is now deceased; Joanna; and Charles, with the railroad company in Columbia. Mr. Jackson is a member of Susquehanna Lodge, I. O. O. F. In politics he is a Republican, and he is very highly respected in the community in which he lives. PETER B. NISSLEY, who died on his farm in his native township, Jan. 19, 1869, was born in West Donegal township, Aug. 31, 1823, a son of Martin and Anna (Bachman) Nissley, natives of Lancaster and Lebanon counties, respectively, both of whom died in West Donegal township. The fa- ther was a fa-rmer, and died in 1832, at the age of thirty-three j'ears. The mother died Nov. 4, 1888, at the age of eighty-nine years, and both were buried in a private cemetery on the old home farm. Their children were: Daniel, who lived in East Donegal township ; Jacob, who died at the age of eighteen vears; Anna, who died in infancy; Christian, who died in Ohio ; and Peter B., whose name introduces this article. Peter B. Nissley was twice married, the first tmie in Harrisburg, NoV. 15, 1853, by the Rev. Charles ,\. Hay, to Miss Elizabeth Hoffman, by whom he had the following children: Martha, who married David Heisey, a farmer in East Donegal township ; Anna, who married Abraham Heisey, now retired arid living in Elizabethtown ; and Amanda, who married Levi Risser, a farmer in Mt. Joy township, and is deceased. Mrs. Elizabeth (Hoffman) Niss- ley was the daughter of Michael Hoffman, and died Sept. II, 1859, at the early age of twenty-five years. Mr. Nissley was married second, in Harrisburg, Feb. 26, 1863, the same minister officiating, to Miss Elizabeth Hofter, and there were born to this mar- riage the following children: Simon H., a well- known character in the political circles of this coun- ty, is living at home ; Martin H., a contractor and builder, married Sarah E. Sheetz; Hiram H., of Elizabethtown, is mentioned elsewhere; Peter H., Jr., a farmer, married Anna Gish, and lives in Eliza- bethtown. Mrs. Elizabeth (Hoffer) Nissley, was born in Dauphin county, near the Lancaster county line, March 25, 1838, and is a sister of Tobias Hoffer, one of the leading citizens of Elizabethtown. Peter B. Nissley was reared a farmer, and fol- lowed that occupation all his days. After the death of his father, young Peter was taken into the home of his uncle, Joseph Nissley, where he remained un- til he reached the age of twenty-one years, being given a good district-school education and thor- oughly instructed in the principles of an honorable and manly life. When he left the hospitable home of his uncle he began farming on the place where his entire life was spent, and where he died. His remains rest in Mt. Tunnel cemetery. Mr. Nissley took a deep interest in the welfare of the community, and served as school director in his district. In his politics he was a Republican. In his life work he was successful and attained a prominent place among the well-to-do men of his township. JOHN W. FERGUSON, a successful farmer and honorable citizen of Providence township, Lan- caster county, was born in Colerain township, in this county, Nov. 11, 1838, son of William and Mary (Hogg) Ferguson, both of Colerain township and both deceased. The family is of Scotch-Irish origin. John Ferguson, the grandfather of John W., came from Ireland to America, and settled in Lan- caster county, where he reared a family of nine chil- dren, viz. : Abraham, Robert, William, Thomas, John, Benjamin, Nathaniel, Margaret and Eliza, all of whom have passed away. William. Ferguson, the father of John W., was born June 9, 1802, in Colerain township. On Feb. II, 1838, he was married to Mary Hogg, and died March 25, 1889. Mrs. Ferguson was born Dec. 27, 1815, and died Nov. 15, 1879. They had eight children, as follows : William H. ; Benjamin F. ; Alexander M. ; John W. ; Mary A., the wife of John Woodward, of Chester county ; Abraham M., of Chester county; Nathaniel, of Philadelphia; and Margaret, deceased. The early life of John W. Ferguson was passed 396 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY on the farm, his time being occupied in various agri- cultural duties, and in attendance upon the district schools. It was necessary for him to be energetic and industrious, and he met with the success that comes to those who are thrifty and frugal. Mr. Ferguson has the satisfaction of now owning the best fifty-two-acre farm in Providence township, which he has made very valuable with first-class im- provements. In his political belief he is a Democrat. In religion he belongs to and supports the German Reformed Church, in which he is highly esteemed. On March 9, i mainder of the children died young.- Mrs. Book is a cousin of Amos HoUinger, a farmer of Lan- caster City, and her family is known as one of the oldest in this county. Six children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Book: Mary, wife of Daniel Le Fefer, of East Drumore township, a farmer ; Aldus, a baker of Quarryville, Pa. ; Miller, married and liv- ing in Philadelphia; Enos, Elmer and Wesley, at home. The birth of Mrs. Book occurred on August 6, 1842. In politics Mr. Book is a Republican and takes an active part in party matters. Honorable in all his dealings, Mr. Book commands the highest re- spec;t of his fellow-citizens and is in every way worthy of their esteem. Both he and his estimable wife are very kind-hearted, one evidence of this be- ing the adoption of a child, Celia, to whom they have given their own name. This pleasant girl was born in 1886 and is an agreeable addition to the home circle. EDWARD KRECKEL. It is not due to luck or chance that Mr. Kreckel, after an active busi- ness career in Lancaster, is enabled, in the twilight of existence, to partially retire from the labors in- cident to earlier years and to enjoy the comforts which his own industry has provided. Inheriting forcible traits of character from his German an- cestry, he developed these through constant exer- cise, and has always led a useful, industrious life. Practically his earliest recollections are of Lancas- ter, although he is a native of Nassau, Germany, born Oct. 9, .1839. His paternal grandfather, James Kreckel, spent his entire life in that country, follow- ing the occupation of farmer and grain merchant. John Kreckel, father of Edward Kreckel, was born in Nassau, where he conducted farm pursuits for some time. During the struggles that threat- ened the disruption of Europe in the early years of the nineteenth century, he bore a part as a soldier in the regular army, and was present at the battle of -W^aterloo.- -After seven yeaTS' of -service he was honorably discharged and resumed the life of a farm- er. In 1842 he brought his family to the United States and settled in Lancaster, where he made his home until his death, July i, 1867, at the age of seventy-four years. His wife, Catherine (Hilbert) Kreckel, was born in Germany in 1802 and died in Lancaster in 1895. The bodies of both were buried in the cemetery connected with St. Joseph's Cath- olic Church, of which they were faithful members. Of the children of John Kreckel one son, who bore the father's name, became a priest in the Roman Catholic Church and died in June, 1899, while fill- ing the position of rector of the parish at Ottumwa, Iowa. A daughter, Catherine, married Philip Fin- ger; George is living retired, in Lancaster; and the youngest child, Rosa, who was born after the fam- ily came to the United States, is the widow of Stephen Myers, a farmer of Lancaster. As soon as old enough to enter school Edward Kreckel was sent to the Lancaster schools, remain- ing there until he was twelve, when he entered upon life's struggles and took upon himself the responsi- bility of self-support. One of his first employments was in the Conestoga cotton factory; another was as errand boy in a hat store, after which he returned to the cotton mill. At fourteen years of age he be- gan to serve an apprenticeship to the trade of sad- dler and harness maker with a Frenchman, F.. X. Motton, in a small shop in Lancaster. Two years were spent in that place, after which he finished learning his trade under Henry Pinkerton. Having thus acquired a practical knowledge of the trade, he felt justified in starting out for himself, and during 1858 opened a small shop in Fairfield, Lancaster county. A year later he went to Louisville, Ky., where he was employed as a journeyman several months. Returning to Lancaster, he married and worked a short time, thence went to Cincinnati, O., but soon came back to Lancaster. At first he worked in the employ of others, but in 1881 opened a shop for himself, and from a small beginning worked up an important trade. The increasing business justi- fied him in making a move to better quarters, and accordingly, in February, 1891, he opened a shop on the public square, where he has since continued, conducting the largest saddlery business in the en- tire county. Though a believer in Democratic principles and stanch in his allegiance to party, Mr. Kreckel has al- ways been averse to office-holding, and the only posi- tion his fellow-citizens have prevailed upon him to accept was that of councilman, and. this he resigned after filling it a year. Reared in the Roman Cath- olic faith, he is a firm believer in its doctrines, and an active member of St. Anthony's Church. In August, 1859, in Lancaster, occurred his marriage to Catharine Rice, who was born in Glasgow, Scot- land, in 1837, being a daughter of Charles and Mary (McTammey) Rice, also natives of that country. During 1842 the family immigrated to the United States and' settled in New ^ork City, but after a short time removed to Jersey City, from there went to Philadelphia and thence in 1854 to Lancaster, where they subsequently made their home. By trade Mr. Rice was a weaver, and was considered an ex- pert in the manipulation of the old-fashioned hand looms. The children of Edward and Catharine Kreckel are Mary, Edward and John (twins), Cath- erine S. and Lucy. The oldest daughter is the wife of Fred Ruof, a saddler who is engaged in busi- ness with Mr. Kreckel ; they are the parents of seven children. The two sons are connected with their father in business, and John is also an alderman. Edward married Anna McElvoy, by whom he had eight children, but only two of these are now living. Catherine S. died at thirty-seven years of age. Lucy is the wife of Henry Dentz, of Baltimore, Md., and they have four children. In the society of his chil- dren and grandchildren Mr. Kreckel is happily pass- ing his declining years, his sons relieving him to a 416 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY large extent of business cares and thus permitting him to enjoy the rest which his long and active career justly merits. CHARLES C. SEITZ, a retired educator of Mountville, Lancaster county, was born Jan. 13, 1838, in Manor township, one mile from his pres- ent home, son of Jacob and Barbara (Charles) Seitz, natives of the same township. Jacob Seitz was reared to agricultural pursuits, which he followed all his life, but was also a pop- ular leader and a man of influence among his fellow citizens. He was a school director for many years ; prison inspector of Lancaster county for a long time; for years was a director of the First Na- tional Bank of Columbia, Pa. ; was one of the in- corporators of the Movmtville Manufacturing Com- pany ; and a promoter in general of the interests of his town and county. His death occurred in June, 1892, when he was in his eightieth year, and he was interred in Habecker's cemetery, in Manor town- ship, by the side of his first wife, who passed away in December, 1848, at the age of forty. To Jacob and Barbara Seitz was born a family of nine chil- dren, namely : Anna, who is the wife of Henry Mann, a farmer ; John, a retired farmer at Mount- ville ; Jacob, a retired farmer of Manor township ; Charles C, whose name appears at the opening of this sketch ; Barbara, who died in Mountville, July 4, 1901, in her sixty-second year; Elizabeth, wife of Jacob R. Myers, a retired farmer of Manor town- ship ; Christian, who died young ; Amos, a retired farmer living in Alountville ; and Henry, who died young. By his second marriage, to Anna Charles, a sister of his first wife, Jacob Seitz had no chil- dren. John and Anna (Garber) Seitz, the paternal grandparents of Charles C, resided on the old home- stead in Manor township until they died, John Seitz passing away in 1847, ^t the age of seventy-five years, and Anna, his wife,' in 1862, in her ninetieth year. He was a son' of Jacob Seitz, who, was born in Rhenish Bavaria,' Germany, came to America in 1764, and soon afterward settled in Manor town- ship, Lancaster Co., Pa. He married Elizabeth Witmer, a native of Laricaster county, and a mem- ber of the old family of that name here, her father being Michael Witmer, who came from Germany in 1732, and settled in Manor township. Jacob Seitz died in 1822, at an advanced age, his wife pass- ing away some years before. Eleven children were born to Jacob and Elizabeth Seitz, five sons and six daughters, liamely: John, grandfather of Charles C. ; Jacob, a farmer and minister, who removed to Cumberland county, Pa., where he died at an ad- vanced age; Michael, a farmer of East Hertipfield township; Abraham; Henry, who removed to Springfield, Ohio, where some of his descendants still live; Veronica, who became the wife of John Forrey, of 'West Hempfield township ; Barbara, who married Christian Newcomer, of Manor township; Anna, wife of Jacob Forrey, of West Hempfield township; Catherine, who married Michael Kauff- man, of Manor township ; Magdalena, wife of Abra- ham Lantz, of Strasburg township; and Elizabeth, who married Henry Musser, of near Marietta, Done- gal township. The maternal grandparents of Charles C. Seitz Wer Jacob and Barbara (Herr) Charles. The an- cestors of Jacob Charles came from Switzerland in 1734, and were pioneers of Manor township, Lan- caster county, where they followed farming. To Jacob and Barbara (Herr) Charles were born eight children, in the following order, all now deceased: Elizabeth, who married John Hertzler, of Raphe township; Fanny, deceased wife of Rev. John S. Newcomer, a pastor of the German Baptist Church, at Mountville: Barbara, the mother of Charles C, ; Catherine, deceased wife of John E. Newcomer, a retired farmer of Manor township, now residing in Mountville ; Jacob ; Mary, deceased wife of Jacob Froelich ; Christian ; and Anna. Charles C. Seitz was reared on the home farm in Manor township, where he remained until he had attained his majority, acquiring in the mean- time a solid common-school education. After be- coming of age he attended the Millersville State Normal School, for three terms, after which he taught school for twenty-five years, with but few in- terruptions, in Lancaster county, principally in Manor township, and the last six years in Mount- ville, whither he had come in i874- In 1889 Mr. Seitz abandoned the teacher's profession, and soon afterward entered the Internal Revenue office at Lancaster, as cashier for Collector Sam Matt. Fri- dy, serving four years under Harrison's administra- tion. He also served in 1882 and ,1883 as assistant paymaster for Major J. C. Muhlenburg, paymaster' in the United States Army, being in the Department of Texas, with headquarters at San Antonio, Texas; but he did not like the position and resigned. Mr. Seitz has been a director in the Mount- ville National Bank since 1892, and in January, 1901, was elected vice-president of that institution. He was also a director of the Mountville Manu- facturing Company for three years, but resigned Aug. 4, 1900. Fraternally Mr. Seitz is a member of Lodge No. 67, I. O. O. F., of Lancaster, and is an honorary member of the Jr. O. U. A. M. In pol- itics he is a RepubHcan. JOSEPH CHARLES, one of the most worthy and respected citizens of Lancaster county, Pa., was a son of John and Anna (Witmer) Charles, was born Feb. 25, 1825, on the old homestead, two miles southeast of Mountville, and died' Dec. 2, 1899. Joseph Charles was educated at the old log school house at the Habecker Church, remained on the homestead until twenty-five years of age, and then located on a farm about three-quarters of a mile from his birth-place, where he passed the remainder of his life. This tract, containing 11 1 acres, was ' '^4/m> BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 417 improved by Mr. Charles principally, later by his sons, and was converted into one of the best farms in the county. Since then it has been divided into three distinct farms, each containing a good dwell- ing and all requisite out-buildings; still more re- cently one of these farms has been subdivided, and a subdivision containing thirty-eight acres sold to C. H. Charles and now occupied by David B. Charles. The other subdivisions, two in number, contain, respectively, forty-three and thirty acres, the larger one being the homestead, on which the widow and her son, David F., reside. Joseph Charles married Miss Fannie Forrey, a daughter of John Forrey; she was born March 12, 1833, in West Hempfield township, about one mile east of Columbia. To this marriage there were born twelve children, in the following order: Benja- min F., a farmer near Petersburg, East Hempfield township; Anna and Ephraim, who both died in childhood ; Christianna F., deceased wife of C. H. Hess, of West Lampeter township ; John F. ; David F., on the old homestead; Sue, wife of C. K. Rutt, of Manor township; Elizabeth, who died in child- hood; Joseph F., a farmer in Manor township ; Jacob F., a farmer in West Lampeter township; Frances F., wife of C. K. Herr, of Manor township; and Hettie, married to H. D. Charles, also of Manor township. The father of this family was quiet, unobtrusive and decidedly domestic in his habits, was a farmer all his life, was for nearly fifty years a member of the Mennonite Church, of which his wife was also a member, and was one of the most highly respected residents of the township and county. John F. Charles was born on the old home- stead in Manor township Dec. 16, 1857, was reared a farmer, was educated in the public schools, re- mained with his parents until twenty-two years of age, and still resides on a part of the old homestead. On March 20, 1880, John F. Charles married Miss Sue H. Kreider, daughter of George and Elizabeth (Herr) Kreider, and after marriage he settled down to farming on his present thirty acres. To this mar- riage have been born two children, Walter K. and John K. The family attend the Mennonite Church, of which Mr. Charles served on the building com- mittee when the Habecker edifice was rebuilt. In politics John F. Charles is a Democrat, has officiated as supervisor of the township four years and is the second Derhocrat that has ever held an office in Manor township — a clear indication of more than ordinary popularity. FREDERICK STIVELY. Among the leading citizens of Lancaster county, a native son and es- teemed resident is Frederick Stively, son of Fred- erick and Anna (Barr) Stively, born Nov. 25, 1839, in Drumore township. Frederick Stively, the father of Frederick, Jr., was born in Germany in 1803, and died in June, 1891. His wife, Anna (Barr) Stively, was a daughter of 27 Jacob Barr, who was one of the highly esteemed citizens of Lancaster county. She was born in 1805, in Eden township, and her death was in Octo- ber, 1897. The parents of Frederick Stively, the elder, came to America from their German home and settled in Paradise township, when their son was a babe, and both of them and their only daughter died before he had reached manhood. The only survivor of his family, the lad grew up in Paradise township, where he found friends and resided there a short time after his marriage, moving then to Drumore township, where for a number of years he engaged in farming. Later he made a purchase of a large tract of wild land in Colerain township, cleared and cul- tivated it, erected convenient and commodious build- ings and made that place his home for many years. In 1874 he disposed of it and purchased extensive tracts of farming land near Camargo, in Strasburg township, erected a fine home and there he and his wife lived in comfortable retirement for the balance of their lives. There Frederick Stively, the young- er, lived until he removed to his present home, in 1893. Mr. Stively became prominent and wealthy and he was a leader in the Mennonite Church, being widely known in that connection ; his name is asso- ciated with the founding of this religious body in that locality. The children born to Frederick Stive- ly and his wife numbered nine, and they were as follows: (i) Frances, the eldest, bom in this county, is the widow of John M. Shank, of Provi- dence township, and has a family. (2) Jacob, born in Lancaster county, married Miss Sarah Stafford, of the same county, and they settled in New Provi- dence, where he became one of the leading business men. His widow resides in Quarryville, and his one son, Jacob E., is a successful merchant of White Rock, Lancaster county. (3) Christianna and (4) Martha A. died in childhood. (5) Mary, born in Lancaster county, is the wife of David Miller, of Harrisburg, and they have one daughter, Lillie M. (6) Abraham L., born in this county, is a prosper- ous merchant of Colerain township, married Miss Emma Herr, of Quarryville, and has one daughter, Mary. (7) Lizzie, deceased, was the wife of Mar- tin Mowry.'of CanrKirgo, in this township ; she left one son, Frederick, who resides in Philadelphia. (8) John M., born in Lancaster county, married Miss Anna Brown, deceased, and they had one daughter, Anna, now the wife of George Bracken, of this coun- ty. His second marriage was to Miss Ella Wells, and his five children are Frances, Mary, Edna, John and Charles. They reside on a beautiful farm near West Grove, in Chester county. (9) Frederick was the youngest. Frederick Stively was reared on his father's farm and was given a good common school education- In January, 1865, he was united in marriage to Miss Martha Brison, the worthy and estimable daughter of William and Martha (Harsh) Brison, a family 418 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY well known throughout Lancaster county. Mrs. Stively was born in Paradise township Sept. 19, 1845, ^iid grew up at Quarryville, where she was well educated. She lost her mother when she was very young and she remained her father's companion and housekeeper. After marriage Frederick Stively took his bride to the old family home, in Strasburg, and there they resided for some twenty-seven years. Then Mr. Stively purchased the old Benjamin Fritz homestead, in 1893, where they have made many improvements, tmtil now they own one of the very best farms in the township, . fertile, productive and well situated. Mr. Stively also is the owner of two other farms in Eden township, these adjoining the old homestead. Mr. Stively and his devoted wife have become the happy parents of ten children, their names and homes being: William F., a farmer, born in Feb- ruary, 1867, who married A'liss Emma Lefever, of •Quarryville, and has two children, Anna and Ada ; Annie E., born in June, 1869, the wife of William -Eckman, engaged in the grocery business in Lan- caster City, where they reside, with their two chil- -dren, John arid Martha ; Ella M., born in September, 1871, the wife of John Dull, a farmer in Eden town- ship, who has one daughter, Sarah E. ; Errima M., born in August, 1873, who married William Dull and resides on a farm in Lime Valley, in this countyj w-ith one daughter, Mary ; Laura A., born in Octo- ber, 1875, who is the wife of Abraham HoStetter; of Strasburg township; and has one daughter* Heleft ; Abram L., born in March, 1877 ; John H., born in December, 1880 ; F. Laberta, born in Novem- ber, 1882 ; Mable M., born in July, 1885 ; and Elsie B.) born in September, 1889W Although through life Mr. Stively has been aft active and Useful member Of the Republican party, he has liot aspired to public ofifice and has never con- sented to serve. Religiously both he and wife have the pious, simple faith of the Meniionite Church. Mr. Stively is one of this county's lead- ing agriculturists and his farm testifies to his ex- cellent care and management. In Mrs. Stively he has had a cheerful, enable help'tnate, and both have been bleSsed in their children and in each' other. GEORGE STAMBAUGH GEYER, or "CoL" '(jcyer, as he is familiarly called by his friends, has one of the oldest Pennsylvania ancestries of any man in Lancaster cOuilty, the Geyers having settled in this county several generations agO. One of the first party of Geyers to land in Amer- ica settled in Lancaster cotmty, while two of them went to Montgomery county, and oile settled in New Orleans. Col. Geyer's great-grandfather, George Geyer, was a farmer of Warwick township, and the grandfather, John Geyer, who was a Weaver by trade, also kept a store in Warwick townshipj and there was born the father, George Geyer, who was made a colonel of militia, his commission being given him by Gov. Portet, this same commission being among the valued possessions of the present Col. Geyer. On the maternal side of the family the great- grandfather was Jacob Lindy, who served in the Revolutionary war, and when it had ended started for his home in Lancaster, his residence being the one now occupied by Jacob S. Frey, on West King street. As he passed through Philadelphia he pur- chased a rare piece of china, which is also one of the much prized relics of the genial colonel. Col. George Geyer married Ann Mary Stam- baugh, who was born on West King street, in this city, and who was a daughter of Anthony Stam- baugh, and from this union seven children were born : two who died in early childhood ; John A., a retired veteran of the war of the Rebellion, lives in Manheim ; J acob Ai, a retired farmer of Rothsville ; Col. George Stambaugh, of this biography; Susan, the wife of Jacob R. Landis, of Rothsville ; and Ann Mary, the wife of Zachery Keller, who is the agent for several counties for a large agricultural imple- ment house, and resides in Manheim. George Stambaugh Geyer was born in Roths- ville, this count)'. Match 7* 1839, and was educated in the public schools; of the district, and in the State Normal school at Millersville. At the age oi eigh- teen he began teaching school, and continued in this profession until he was twenty-four, having silccess- fully taught for six terms, and then went to auc- tioneering and trading in cattle. In 1885 he came to Lancaster and took charge of the "Franklin House," on North Queen street, where he became celebrated as a host and built up an immense ttade. Much to the regret of the traveling public, at the end of five years he gave up hotel-keepihg, having been elected by a handsome majority of the Re- publicans of Lancaster county to the office of regis- ter of willsj and his term in that very important office won him apj»'robatiOn> on account of the intelligent and conscientious manner in which he conducted its affairs. At the close of his- term as register he re- tired to private life, and has ever since lived in his elegant home on Prince street, near the Fulton Op- 6ra House. Coil. Geyer was martied in i860 to Miss Susan R. Royefj daughter of Daniel Royer, a farmer of Manheim township, and to thi& Union six children w-ere born, of whom Grant died in his eighth year, and the survivors are : Elmira, the wife of Clayton S. Carpenter, a farmer of EUzabeth township; Ag- nes, the wife of Harry W. TeChmeyer » a sewing ma- chine dealer, of Harrisburg; Elmer G., a graduate of the Lancaster high school, who now is clerking for the Philadelphia & Reading Railroad, at Phila- delphia; Susan Rtj a graduate of the Millersville State Normal school, who is now a successful teach- er; and Hayden R.* a graduate of Mercersburg Academy, who enlisted in the navy Feb. 2, 1902, and is serving on the "Columbia/"' Col. Geyer was honored by the people of War- wick township, by being their choice for five sue- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 419 ccssive terms for the assessorship of the township, and he; has ever been held in the highest esteem in the community in which he has lived. Promi- nently identified with the Masonic Order, he has been very active in relation to it, and is a valued member of Commandery No. 13. When the Confederates invaded Pennsylvania Col. Geyer was among the first to enlist to repel them, and he has an honorable dis- charge from this service. A Republican of the most earnest type, he has served a number of times on the Republican county committee, and is everywhere re- garded as a man who can be depended upon in every campaign. At one time Col. Geyer was a director of the Lincoln National Bank and is among the most in- fluential citizens of Lancaster. Perhaps, though, it is as a host that Col. Geyer is at his best, and his hospitality knows no limit. In his beautiful and ele- gant home, where he is surrounded by every com- fort. Col. Geyer treasures a number of very inter- esting relics, and one among these is a most com- fortable antique arm-chair, which w-as fashioned by one of his ancestors in 1711. PETER JACOBY (deceased) was throughout life a thoroughly respected citizen of Ephrata town- ship, where he established a family whose members now railk aniong the leading citizens of their local- ity. His business was that of a stonemason, and "while he left no large fortune to his heirs he left them an example of honesty and industry, and an unblemished name. Peter Jacoby was a son of John Christian Jacoby, a native of Germany, who came to the United States while stiti a young man. j€>hn Christian married Miss Elizabeth Ridenbauch, in Earl township, Lan- caster county, and reared a family of six boys' and three girls : SaiHud ; Jesse ; Martin ; Peter^ born Dec. 31, 1819; Henry; William; Leah, who married Henry Snyder; Harriet, Who died single; and Rachel, who nlarried John C. Martin. The marriage of Peter Jacoby was to Miss Anna Strohl, of Ephrata town^Sbip, in 1846, and to this marriage eighft children were bom. William, the eldest, was married to Sarah Renningef , of East Co- calico township, in the tail oi 1-870. She was a daughter of Johtl Renninger, a wealthy and es- teemed farmer in that locality. This marriage wa>s blessed with five children: Harvey, who died at the age of two yestrs and nine months ; Anna May, who married Wilson Stauffer and has one daugh- ter, Gi-ace; S. Grace; W. Howard; and Warren E. The other children were: (2) Lizzie, who married Christian Messner, of this township, and has five children, Emma, John, Jacob, Clara and Eva. (3) Emma, Who married George S. Kemper^ of Akron, and has three children, David, Maggie and Anna; (4) Annie, who married A. G. Killian, of Lititz, a retited merchant, and has three cMldreii, Peter, Will- iam and Fiorence; (5) Isaac, who married Susan Zorn, of Eafl township, and has one child, Doris ; (6) Reuben E., who married Emma Reinhold, their living children being Margie, Robert and Wilson; (7) Leah, who married George Rutt, of Terre Hill, Pa., and has four children, Clayton, Walter, Henry E. and Anna; (8) Harry S. Reuben E. Jacoby was born Oct. 16, 1865, and was reared on a farm, although he has not pursued agricultural labor for some time. After finishing the common school course, and spending a season in study at the Normal School at Millersville, he learned the trade of a cigar-maker and then went upon the road as a traveling salesman ; but for the past eleven years he has been engaged in the manufacture of cigars, and is now regarded as one of the leading business men of this locality, his residence and place of business being in Rothsville, this county. Reuben Jacoby married Miss Emma Reinhold, of Warwick township. Socially he is connected with the I. O. O. F. and the K. of P., in both organizations being a valued member. Harry S. Jacoby^ another worthy member of the Jacoby family, is a farmer, is also a teacher in the public schools in the county and has held the office of justice of the peace. His educational ad- vantages were those of the common schools and the Normal School. He deserves the high esteem in which he is held in the community, being a man of character and stability and a most worthy repre- sentative of the founder of the family. MICHAEL WIMER, a wheelwright of Quarry- ville, Lancaster county, was born in Providence township Feb. 15, 1838. He is the son of Joseph 5. and Elizabeth (Everly) Wimer. Joseph Wimer, the father, was born on the ocean in 1818, while his parents, Michael and Elizabeth Wimer, were on their way to America. They were born in Germany and settled in Eden township, Lan- caster county, in 1818, where Mr. Wimer engaged in farming until bis death, in 1830.- He left a wife and seven children, as follows: Sallie, the eldest, born in Germany, who married George Stenmiller, of Germany, and settled in Lancaster county, where she died, leaving a family ; Joseph, father of Mich- ael; Siisan and Michael, both deceased; Henry, at present living in Providence township with his fam- ily; John, deceased, who lived in Providence town- ship, where his family still resides; Barbara, the deceased wife of Adam Rowe, of Strashurg. Joseph Wimer grew to manhood in Lancaster county, and learned the trade of wagon-maker, which he has followed ever since, with the exception of five or six years, daring which he lived on a rented farm. His first wife, Elizabeth (Everly) Wimer, died in 1852, leaving three children, who are still living. Mr. Wimer married for his second wife Miss Elizabeth Keen, who died in 1896, leaving no chil- dren. The children of Mr. Wimer were: (r) Michael. (2) Amos Was born in Eden township, Lancaster Co., in 1839 ; he enlisted during the Civil 420 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY war, in 1862, in Co. G, i22d Pa. Regiment, and took part in several engagements ; after his term of ser- vice he married Miss Maggie Miller, of Lancaster county, and they now reside in Harrisburg, Pa., where Mr. Wimer worked at his trade of wheel- ■vyriglit until the last few years, when he has lived retired. He has a family of four children: Harry and William, both in tiarrisburg; Charles, unmar- ried; and Maud, at home. (3) Marinda J. was born in Eden township, Lancaster county, and is the wife of William Gaul, of Eden township ; they have six children: George, of Quarryville; Fred, of Eden ; Joseph ; Ira ; Lena, wife of Charles Waltham, of Quarryville borough; and William, living at Quarryville. Michael Wimer grew to manhood in Lancaster county, where he received a district school educa- tion. While a young man he learned the trade of wagon-maker, and he has followed it practically all the time since then. In i860 he married Sarah L., daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Graham) Rineer, of Lancaster county. Mrs. Wimer was born in the town of Quarryville in May, 1842, and was reared in that village. After his marriage Mr. Wimer settled in Quarryville borough, and has since resided there, except during his absence at the time of the Civil war, in which he enlisted as an artillery man, iS2d Regiment, Army of the James. His first service was at Fortress Monroe, and then at Fort Harrison, where he did duty until the march on Richmond, during which campaign he took part in every action. At Signal Hill his company was detailed to guard the barracks at Deep Bottom, until Richmond was evacuated by the enemy in the spring of 1865. Mr. Wimer again joined his regiment at Richmond, and was soon transferred back to Fort- ress Monroe. While at Richmond Mr. Wimer helped to build the bridge across the James river, burned by the Rebels at the time they evacuated the place. Mr. Wimer was discharged at Fortress Monroe June 12, 1865, and then returned to his wife and two chil- dren in Pennsylvania. He purchased a home in Quarryville, and has continued a citizen since its incorporation. To Mr. and Mrs. Wimer a family of thirteen children have been born, two dying in childhood, (i) Elizabeth, born in 1862, is the wife of Jacob Baughman, of Bart township, a carpenter by trade; this couple have four children, Bertha, Anna, Charles and Stella. (2) Emma, born Aug. 2, 1863, is the wife of George M. Eckman, of Wilmington, Del., and they have four children, Clyde, Efifie, Elsie and Lottie. (3) Martha A. was born Nov. 18, 1864, is the wife of J. O. Myers, of Quarryville bor- ough, and they have one son, Frederick. (4) Jos- eph, born June 25, 1866, married Miss Lydia Rineer, of Quarryville; they reside on their grandfather's place in Eden township, where he has a saw-mill and other business interests ; they have nine children, Charles, Elizabeth, Elsie, Bennie, Ethel, Joseph, Wil- lis, Mary and Amos. (5) Amos F. was born Feb. 29, 1868, and married Miss Lizzie Myers, of Eden township ; they reside there and have six children, Elsie, Ray, Stella, Ira, Minnie and Myrtle. (6) Ida M. was born Dec. 9, 1869, and is the wife of Fred Beck, of Steelton, Pa., who is engaged in the Iron Works of Columbia, Pa. ; they have no chil- dren. (7) Minnie L. was born Feb. 9, 1871, and is- the wife of Howard Wimer, of Strasburg township ; they have one son, Luiley. (8) Laura M. was bom May 24, 1872, and is the wife of Monroe Landis, of Lancaster City ; they have no children. (9) Michael W. was born April" 6, 1875, and is a representative of the Metropolitan Insurance Company at Lancas- ter City : he is unmarried. (10) Edie Sue was born March 11, 1878, and is unmarried, making her home at present at the "Quarryville House." (11) John R., who was born Dec. 27, 1883, is unmarried, and is living at home with his parents. Michael Wimer is a Republican' in politics, was the first assessor of the borough and always takes an active part in the affairs of his party. He is a member of the W. S. Birely Post, No. 511, G. A. R., of Quarryville, and has been quartermaster of the post. He is at present assessor of his borough. His father, Joseph Wimer, was a leading Whig in his day. Mr. Wimer and his family are members of the German Reformed Church. Respected by all who know him, Michael Wimer has certainly filled an honorable position in the history of his county, and his character ranks among those of the best citi- zens of the borough. JOHN BEST (deceased). Few men in the city of Lancaster were so highly considered or so gen- erally esteemed as was John Best, and few had re- tained so high a standard of business integrity through a long and active life. John Best was born at Soudersburg, Lancaster county, Aug. 22, 1822, a son of John Best, who was of Scotch-Irish ancestry. Mr. Best's grandparents, with their children, once made an ineffectual effort to emigrate to America, the vessel they were on be- ing wrecked on the northern coast of their native country. They then settled down in that part of Ireland. John Best, Sr., married there and about 1808 he and his wife emigrated to this country, set- tling in Philadelphia. He was one of thirteen sons, all men over six feet in height except the emigrant himself. In 1812 he enlisted in the American army, and fought against the British in our second war against that country. He then settled in Souders- burg, Lancaster Co., Pa., and worked around on farms in the neighborhood. He reared a family of seven children, of whom the last survivor, Thomp- son Best, of Farmington, Minn^, died July 18, 1902, at Farmington. In 1823 the family removed to Lan- caster, but the death of the mother, in 1829, broke up the home. When John Best, whose name opens this sketch, heard the uncertainty of his fortunes and his future discussed, he packed up his small effects and started BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 421 out to begin a career for himself, although he was a child of less than eight years. When he reached what he thought a long distance from home, the Malone farm, one the New Holland turnpike, he •asked the family for work, and was there sheltered for the night. The next day he was returned to Lancaster, as it was supposed he was but a runaway boy. When the kind-hearted Mr. White, of the farm, learned that his story was true, he was taken back to the place, which was his home for the suc- ceeding nine years. However, they were years of toil, and he had no school advantages whatever. Before he was seventeen years of age Mr. Best ■came to Lancaster, and in three years' time learned the blacksmith's trade with John R. Russel, whose shop was on East King street, later the site of Mrs. David Bair's residence. About 1843 ^r. Best •went into business for himself as a blacksmith at Molasses Hill, a mile east of Bird-in-Hand, where he scored his only failure. In less than six months he went to Philadelphia after work, but getting none proceeded to Wilmington, Del., where he be- came an apprentice at boilermaking in Betz, Harlan •& Hollingsworth's shipyard, now the great works ■of the Harlan-Hollingsworth Company. The young man not only learned boilermaking, but ship- building as well. He had a remarkable eye for form and measurements, a faculty which served liim well. He soon became a department foreman, and did work that had formerly to be done by men brought from Philadelphia and Baltimore. One day he was in an accident in which he came near be- ing killed, and was about giving up such dangerous work when increased salary induced him to stay. He remained with the firm long enough to help iuild twenty-seven vessels. Later he worked at his •trade of boilermaker in Baltimore, Cincinnati, Gos- port, Va., St. Louis, Louisville, Pittsburg, Phila- delphia and New York. Meantime he had married, and his family accompanied him on his removals. In the winter of 1852-53 Mr. Best was engaged ty the Philadelphia firm of Merrick & Sons to su- perintend the fitting up of the Government vessel ■"Mississippi," for Commodore Perry's famous ex- pedition to Japan, which work he performed so satisfactorily that he received a gift of $100 from the firm, above his wages. He had under him work- ■men who belonged to some of the worst gangs of toughs Philadelphia then had, Moyamensing hose- men and Schuylkill rangers, men who shirked work whenever possible, but his tact and management •soon had these men all under control and doing their full duty. Mr. Best returned to Lancaster in 1859, renting an old stable back of the Pennsylvania railroad depot for a shop, for which he paid five cents a day rental. For a few months it was uphill work to get along, even on these terms, and then Jacob Auxer, whose boiler shop had been burned out, formed a partnership with Mr. Best. Finally the latter insisted on taking a $7,500 contract for Man- ager S. S. Spencer, of the John Farnum & Co. cot- ton mills, and the magnitude of the risk was such in Mr. Auxer 's eyes that he first protested against accepting it and then left the firm. Mr. Best fin- ished the contract successfully. Business then en- abled him to move his plant to Chestnut street, near Duke, where he occupied a frame structure orig- inally erected for a union church and then recently abandoned. This was about the period of the out- break of the Civil war, and there was plenty of work to be done in his line. After a few years contracts came in for boilers seventy feet long and it became necessary to enlarge his quarters. He then, in 1865, purchased from the late William Miller a tract of ground at Plum and Fulton streets, and the first buildings of _ the present large plant were erected by Swartzwelder & Morrow, contractors and builders. Since then the works have been enlarged until this is now one of the important industrial establish- ments of Lancaster, and the product is known and bought all over the world. The works occupy a square of 245 feet, fronting on Plum, Fulton and Tobacco avenue, and employment is given to no men. Mr. Best's interests did not entirely concentrate on his Lancaster boiler works, as he was also pro- prietor of the Eureka Bark Mill Company, and was interested at different times in the watch factory, the Lancaster Bolt Company, the Lancaster Chem- ical Works and The Miller Soap Company. In po- litical life he was a Democrat, and he spared one term out of his busy life to serve in the city council from the old Northeast ward. Fraternally he was a member of Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M., Lodge of Perfection, Goodwin Council, Chapter No. 43, Lan- caster Cdmmandery No. 13, K. T., and Lancaster Lodge, No. 68, K. of P. The last named lodge was organized at his home, and he was elected past chancellor. Mr. Best was a member of the First Presbyterian Church. Mr. Best married (first) Miss Anna Maria Al- bright, daughter of Jacob Albright, and of the chil- dren born to this union the following survive: Emily L., widow of Georgfe F. Pritchard, of Asbury Park, N. J. ; James B., who for many years has been connected with his father's business; Elizabeth B., the wife of T. Park Guthrie; and Mary K., now deceased, who was the wife of Dr. F. F. Frantz. Two children died in infancy. Mrs. Best died in July, 1855. On Sept. 17, 1856, Mr. Best was married (second) to Miss Esther A. Eagles, and the surviving children of this marriage are as follows : Esther A., who married Charles Johnson, a machinist, in Lancaster ; George U., who is a clerk in the office of the boiler works; E. Bertha, who married Edward G. Eby, of Lancaster; Anna N., who married J. Paul Snyder, a druggist, in Phila- delphia; LilHan M., married to Amos H. Landis, the receiving teller of the Conestoga National Bank ; John H., who is a machinist and electrician at the General Electric Company, Schenectady, N. Y. ; and 422 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Misses Aimee and Adele, at home. Mr. Best passed away Nov. 25, 1901, at his residence in Lancaster, aged seventy-nine years, and was huried in a beau- tiful plot in the Lancaster cemeterv, where, nine months previously, he had placed a substantial, plain, granite headstone. Mrs. Esther A. (Eagles) Best, the widow of John Best, was born on the site of the present home. No. 227 East Chestnut street, a daughter of George and Catherine (Wisner) Eagles, who came to Lan- caster in 1830, the former being a native of Newark, N. J., and the latter of Chester county, Pa. Mr. Eagles was a railroad engineer by trade. He be- longed to the old State militia. His death occurred on Sept. 30, 1838, at the age of thirty-six years, while his widow survived until 1882, dying at the age of eighty. Both were members of Trinity Lutheran Church, and were interred in the Lan- caster cemetery. Their children were as follows : Mary, who married Washington Rhoades, is de- ceased; George, deceased, married Mary L. Pen- nock; Esther A. married Mr. Best. James B. Best, general manager of his father's estate and of the large boiler works in Lancaster, was born in January, 1852. In January, 1879, he was united in marriage with Miss Mary E. Kautz, born in Willowstreet, Lancaster county, daughter of Jacob and Rachel Kautz, the former of whom was a large brick manufacturer. His death oc- curred in 1894. His wife resides in Paterson, New Jersey. Mr. Best was educated in the common schools of Lancaster, and at the age of sixteen years, in preparation for his future work, took up the busi- ness of plumbing and gasfitting, serving an appren- ticeship for three years. He spent the ' following two years at the trade in Chicago, 111., but returned to Lancaster in January, 1874, and entered his fa- ther's employ. In January, 1883, he became man- ager, and has been such for the past nineteen years, having been connected with the business for twenty- eight years. He is one of the reliable business men of the city, substantial, well educated and promi- nent. In politics he is independent. It would not be just to close this sketch of a distinguished citizen of Lancaster without adding a few words as to the personal character of John Best. As a father, husband and friend, he met the high- est ideals. His pleasant, genial manner and frank good feeling for everyone made him friends on all sides, and he was beloved by both old and young. Although always overwhelmed with- business in- terests, and planning new lines of enterprise, he found time to enjoy the society of his family, taking delight in providing for their pleasure and' welfare, and he will long be remembered as one of the rep- resentative men of the city of Lancaster. ABRAHAM S. GROFF. The founder of the Groff family in Pennsylvania is believed to have been Abraham Groff, who came from Europe many years ago, settling in Lancaster county. He built a mill at Groffdale, which he operated in connection with farming. His family consisted of four sons and four daughters : Daniel, a prosperous farmer and miller at Groff's P. 0. ; Martin, mentioned be- low ; Abraham, a successful miller and farmer, who lived to the advanced age of eighty-four; Samuel, an enterprising business man and merchant, who later in life engaged in farming; Elizabeth, who married a Mr. Eby; one that married Martin Shaeffer: Mary, who married David Landis; and Nancy, who married Samuel Hershey. Martin Groff, the father of Abraham S., was born Feb. 11, 1803, and died in November, 1877. He became a farmer in Manheim township, where he was also prominently identified with the Repub- lican party. He married Sarah Shively, a daugh- ter of Henry and Elizabeth (Miller) Shively, and they became the parents of ten children: Maria, the widow of Cieorge Shriner, of Manheim town- ship; Samuel, deceased, who was a well-known horse, cattle and sheep dealer of Lancaster; Eliza- beth, the widow of Benjamin Evans, of Manheim township ; Henry, a teacher in the public schools, who died at the age of twenty-five ; Martin, first a farmer and then a store and tavern keeper at Kissel Hill, who died Dec. 25, 1899; Abraharn S.; Sallie, widow of Abner McLaughlin, a merchant of Phila- delphia ; Nathan (deceased), a drover; Nathaniel, a farmer and drover of Manheim township ; and Alpheus, who was a farmer and drover, and whO' died at the age of thirty-five. Abraham S. Groff was born on March 6, 1833, was educated in the public schools of his district, later took a course at the Lititz Academy, and stilt later at the State Normal School, at Millersville, so' well acquitting himself that at the age of nineteen he was engaged as a teacher in Lancaster county, acceptably filling the position for five sessions. Desiring a more active life, Mr. Groff then en- gaged in the droving business, following this until 1885, having been very successful in the enterprise. Sometimes long journeys were made, and several times he drove large herds of cattle and sheep from Ohio across the mountains and disposed of these to the farmers in Lancaster county. Since giving up this business he has dealt in tobacco, in the line of packing, and has also given much time to the raising of the plant. The home farm consists of eighty-one acres, and he also owns a half interest in the old homestead, his time being principally occupied in _ general farming and the raising of tobacco, as above " stated. Mr. Groff has also served as a director in the Farmers' National Bank of Lancaster. Since 1876 he has been an active member of the Lutheran Church, is superintendent of the Sabbath - school, and one of the efficient officers of the church, for twenty years having been one of the trustees, and treasurer for nineteen years. In politics he is a Republican, and has cast his vote regularly, beliey- jng that to be the duty of a good citizen. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 423 On March 30, 1869, Mr. Groff was married to Susannah Bard, a daughter of George Bard, of Up- per Leacock township, and they had six children, iive of whom died in infancy. The other, Albert B., was horn in 1873 and educated at the State Nor- mal School at Millersville, and later spent two years in the study of medicine, with Dr. Ege, of Reading, Pa. ; but he now resi.des with his father, assisting him in the tobacco business, in which he is quite an expert. Albert B. Groff married Bertha Forney, a daughter of Joseph Forney, and they have two children, Nelson and Susan Elizabeth. The young people are also'connected with the Lutheran Church. ROBERT KELSO WRIGHT was born in Coatesville, Pa., Nov. 30, 1834, and died in New Holland Aug. 23, 1897. His remains were buried in Honeybrook, Pennsylvania.* Mr. Wright was a son' of Joseph and Elizabeth (Frew) Wright. The parents were married by the Rev. John L. Grant Oct. 31, 1833. Joseph Wright was born in Chester county, and his mother in Lancaster county. The father was killed while on his way to church on Sunday morning. All his life he was a devoted member of the Presbyterian Church, and in his last years officiated as an elder in that body. He came of Scotch-Irish ancestry. His remains rest in Paradise township. Mr. Wright and his worthy wife were the par- ents of the following family : Capt. Joseph S., who served as a Union soldier in the Civil war and was killed in the service ; Robert K. ; Thomas S., who died young; James, a molder of Coatesville; An- drew, a corporal in the Civil war, where he lost his life ; David, a molder, who died in Coatesville. Robert K. Wright was married Feb. 9, 1862, in Honeybrook, Pa., to Harriet M. Wright, by whom he had the following children: Anna died at the age of three years; Howard, the proprietor of a bakery at New Holland, Pa., where he married Flora R utter, by whom he has had the following children. Earl, Anna, Florence and Robert; Lacy, unmarried, and a partner with his brother, Howard. Mrs. Harriet M. Wright was born in Honey- brook, Pa., and is a daughter of John and Anna (Boyer) W"right. Her father came from England, settling in Pennsylvania, at Honeybrook, in 1821. He was well-known as a maker of boots and shoes, took an active part in political affairs and showed a general interest in the welfare of the community. The mother was born in Honeybrook, Chester coun- ty, passed her entire life there and there, with her husband, was buried. Her death occurred in 1892, at the advanced age of eighty-seven years. They were both members of the Methodist Church. To this worthy and estimable couple were born the fol- lowing children : Lewis, a retired banker at Grand Ridge, 111. : Mary, who married George Griffith, a confectioner at Honeybrook ; Elizabeth, who married James Boanes and is now dead; Sarah, who was born in Honeybrook and married George Lawrence, a farmer ; Enos, a contractor at Honeybrook ; Har- riet M., wife of Robert K. Wright. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Wright were Benjamin and Mary (Wellington) Wright, natives of England. They came to this country in 1 821, and settled in Honeybrook, where their peaceful and useful lives were pased. The maternal grandpar- ents of Mrs. Wright were Andrew and Elizabeth (Gulp) Boyer, of Lancaster county. The grand- father owned and laid out the present site of Honey- brook, giving the sites of the Methodist and Pres- byterian Churches, the school houses and union burying grounds, and in his lifetime played a prom- inent part in the activities of the community in which he lived. .In early life Robert K. Wright followed the trade of a machinist, and was considered an expert in the foundry at Parkesburg, Pa., where he had charge of the rolling mill. He retired from that business in 1873 and, locating in Philadelphia, engaged in mak- ing sewing machines on contract, his business includ- mg the making of surgical instruments. In the spring of 1882 he came to New Holland and en- gaged in the bakery and confectionery business, in which he spent the last years of an active and useful life. For many years he had been overborne by ill health, but he worked hard, and long resisted the encroachments of disease. Personally he was of a genial and obliging spirit, and of the utmost integrity. The esteem and con- fidence of all who knew him was freely given him. Socially he belonged to the I. O. O. F., of Cochran- ville, and in religion was a member of the Methodist Church. In his politics he was a Democrat. In his lifetime he filled a large place in the community in which he lived, and his loss was felt deeply throughout the township. r> CPIRISTIAN SHUEMAKER, a retired farm- er of Florin, Pa., was born in Rapho township Jan. 12, 1828. and is a son of Christ and Anna (Bru- baker) Shuemaker, natives of the same township. The father was a farmer and the proprietor of a saw mill. He led an industrious and highly suc- cessful life and died in i860, at the age of seventy- two years. The mother died Jan. 15, 1828, while still very young, and was buried on the old home- stead. They were members of the LTnited Breth- ren Church. Christian was their only child. The father married Mrs. Anna Renert for his second wife, by whom he became the father of Jacob, a sawmill man in Lebanon county, and Anna, who died young. The paternal grandparents of Christian Shuema- ker were Jacob and Esther (Hershey) Shuemaker, both of whom were natives of Lancaster county, where they spent their lives, and where he was en- gaged in farming and in the operation of a distillery. Christian Shuemaker and Elizabeth Hershey were united in marriage in the city of Lancaster, Pa., in November, 1852, and to this union, which 424 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY has proved a very happy one, were born: Chris- tian, who married Mary Foltz and is a farmer in Milton Grove, Lancaster county; Elizabeth, who married Monroe Shaffer and lives on a farm in the township of Mt. Joy; Anna, wife of Jacob Freye, a farmer in the township of Mt. Joy ; Mary, wife of David B. Myers, of East Donegal ; Hettie, at home, immarried ; John, who married Mae Raymond, of Florin : Harry, who married Bertha Morton ; Sarah, who died young. Mrs. Elizabeth (Hershey) Shuemaker was born in I-ancaster county, died Jan. 4, 1892, at the age of fifty-eight years, and was buried in the cemetery at Florin. Her parents were Jacob and Magdelina Hershey, of Lancaster county, who were born and bred to a farming life. Her father spent his last days in retirement in Hummelstown, Pa., and there both he and his wife died and were buried. They had these children : Mary, deceased wife of Ben- jamin Erubaker : Elizabeth ; Leah, who is living in Hummelstown ; Martin, deceased ; Anna, unmarried and residing in Hummelstown ; John, a merchant in Manheim ; Harry, a merchant in Steelton, Pa. ; Reu- ben and Jacob, both deceased. Christian Shuemaker remained with his father until he reached the age of twenty-five years, when he purchased a farm in Rapho township, on which he resided one year. For ten years following he was engaged in the cultivation of the home farm. At the expiration of that period he came to his pres- ent location, and there he is still actively engaged in the operation of his farm, though to a very large extent he contents himself with overseeing the work. Mr. Shuemaker is a Republican, and he and all his family are members of the United Brethren Church. In the communtiy he is regarded as a good man, one whose religion is genuine, and whose heart is full of kindness and good will. EDWIN C. DILLER, the senior member of the firm of E. C. Diller & Son, was born in Union county. Pa., Nov. 26, 1839, ^^'^ ^^ ^ ^'^^ °f Amos and Mary Ann (Carpenter) Diller. His parents were natives of Lancaster county, but removed to Union county, where the father was engaged in a store in New Columbia. In 1841 he located at Vogansville, Lancaster county, where he kept a store two years, and then came to New Holland, where he was en- gaged in the mercantile business for more than twenty years. In 1865 he retired from the store in favor of his son, Edwin C. His death occurred in 1895, at the age of eighty-two years ; his wife passed to her rest in 1873, at the age of fifty-four. Both were buried in the cemetery at New Holland. Mr. and Mrs. Amos Diller had the following children: Emma, who died at the age of thirteen years ; William, who died at the age of thirty-five ; Edwin C. The parents of Amos Diller were Isaac and Maria (Graybill) Diller. Edwin C. Diller was twice married, the first time in 1864, when Miss Cora Mason of White Horse, Pa., became his wife. To this marriage were born the I following children: Charles M., in partnership with I his father, and married to Gertrude Bru- baker, by whom he has two children, Dorothy and Margaret; Alta, at home unmarried;. Emma, married to Charles Meredith, an insurance agent at Chester, Pa., where they have two children, James and Edwin; Amos, iii partnership with his father. Mrs. Cora Diller, who was born in Salis- bury township, died in 1874, at the age of thirty years, and is i buried in New Holland. She was a daughter! of John and Jestina (Brimmer) Mason. The i second marriage of E. C. Dillefr occurred in 1876, when Anna Roland, daughter of Jonathan H. and Elizabeth G. Roland, became his wife in New Holland ; by her he has had one child, Roland. Mr. Diller remained with his father until his retirement in 1865, when he took up his business. Mr. Diller has filled the position of county jury commis- sioner! fori five years, and was councilman two years. In his religion he. has held to the faith of his fathers, and is. a . member of the Lutheran Church. In fra- ternity matters he is a member of the Knights Tem- plars and I. C"). O F. In politics he is a Democrat. A man of prominence and prosperous circumstances, he holds a high position in the esteem of his com- .munityu . JACOB KONIGMACHER, a retired capitalist and farmer, who occupies the important position of vice-president of the Farmers' National Bank of Ephrata, is among the prominent men of Ephrata township, residing three-quarters of a mile north of the borough of Ephrata. The founder of the family in America was Adam Konigmacher, who was born in Germany July 30, 1738, and died in Ephrata June 30, 1793. With his mother and stepfather he came to this country, but before landing the mother died, and her remains were consigned to the sea. The stepfa- ther brought the orphaned boy to Ephrata, where he remained until he was twenty-one, when he went back to his own land, and there married Christiana Eicher, who was born Nov. 9, 1745, and who died Jan. 19, 1816. As soon as married Adam and his bride sailed for the United States, and they per- manently located at Eohrata, founding a family which has become respected and honored through the locality. To Adam Konigmacher and his wife were born: Adam, Benjamin, Jacob, Abraham and Hannah. Jacob Konigmacher, son of Adam, was the next in this branch of the family, and was born Jan. 4, 1771 ; he died April 8, 1839. For many years he was a successful physician in Ephrata. He married Rebecca Fahnestock, who was born July 7, I77S» and died Dec. 5, 1832. Their children were Adam, William and Hannah. William Konigmacher, son of Jacob, was the grandfather of Jacob, whose name opens this biog- raphy. He was born Jan. 5, 1797, and died Feb. 1 ^^f^ , yrrt/^ a 1877; she was a daughter of Joseph and Mar- garet (Lukens) Penrose, of the same township, the former of whom was one of the wealthy and leading farmers of that part of Lancaster county. The Penrose family was founded in America by Robert Penrose, who came here from Wales with three brothers, all of whom settled at Quakertown, Pa., in the year 1700. Joseph Penrose, son of Rob- ert, the settler, was born on Jan. 10, 1737, and married Elmer Dehaven, and they settled in Bucks county. Pa., where they reared three children, viz. : Israel, who married Susannah Faulk, a daughter of Thomas Faulk, on Nov. 11, 1790, and who had five children, Elizabeth, Enos, Thomas, Jane and Benjamin; Eidith; and Joseph. Benjamin Penrose, son of Israel, married Han- nah Lukens, of Montgomery county. Pa. Joseph, an- other son, married Margaret Lukens, also of Mont- gomery county, on Nov. 28, 1839. She was a daugh- ter of Enos Lukens, and thev had three children: Sarah Jane, a maiden lady who resides with her sister, Mrs. Enos Carrigan; Elizabeth, who died young ; and Roberta A., born July 7, 1854. The fa- ther of Mrs. Carrigan was born Sept. 6, 1808, and died Oct. 25, 1896; his wife, born Nov. 20, 1813, died in 1878. All of these excellent people belong to the simple faith of the Quakers. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Carrigan are: Rena M., born Sept. 20, 1878, who was a student in the Millersville Normal School, and re- sides at home; Leora A., who was born April i, 1882, at present a student in the Millersville Normal School, although holding a certificate as a teacher; Harry Penrose, born Feb. 24, 1886 ; Lester Joseph, who was born Aug. 9, 1888, and died July 22, 1901 ; Grace, born Oct. 7, 1891. Enos Carrigan is a man who stands high in the esteem of the community, and is noted for his sincere convictions of right and the courage with which he carries them out. Although he does not profess any particular creed, he believes in all moral influences and follows the Golden Rule in every re- lation of Ufe, living up to a high standard. His interest in all educational movements has been con- stant and for a long period he has served is school director. The family and its connections are among the wealthiest and most prominent in the county. ABRAHAM ROYER (deceased) was one of the residents of the northeastern part of the county of Lancaster, where he owned a large farm and was long engaged in its cultivation. In later life he moved to Lancaster, where he lived to an advanced age. He was twice married, and had several chil- dren, among them, Samuel, who resided near Stras- burg, Lancaster county; and Jacob, the father of Abraham Royer. Jacob Royer was a farmer of West Cocalico township, and died when almost seventy-seven years old. In his religious views he was a thorough and devoted Lutheran. Elizabeth Stober, his wife, died at the age of fifty years. They had six chil- dren : William, a resident of West Cocalico town- 430 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ship, where he was engaged in farming ; Jacob, who died young ; John, a tailor at Reamstown, deceased ; Henry S., whose name appears below ; Samuel, a resident of Mt. Joy; Abraham, deceased. Henry S. Royer was born Sept. 25, 1829, and was reared on the farm in Cocalico township. In 1849 he began to learn the cabinet maker's trade with Elias Rhodes, of Reamstown. In 1854, he began business on his own account in Terre Hill, where he has since been engaged as undertaker and cabinet maker, also carrying a line of furniture. Mr. Royer and his son George have also conducted a cigar business, in which they were engaged . many years. Mr. Royer was married in 1855 to Miss Marga- ret Weaver, a daughter of George Weaver. She was born in East Earl township. They have three children: Lizzie, who is the wife of Menno Good, of Bowmansville; George, deceased; and Jacob, a physician in Terre Hill. They affiliate with the Evangelical church. JAMES BUCHANAN, of Soutter, Buchanan & Young, Owners of the North Queen street dry- goods house, derives his origin from an ancient Scotch family. Buchanan Castle, on Beft Lomond, now the seat of Lord Roseberry, w^s the home of the family for many generations. On the paternal side Mr. Buchanan's great- grandfather was Andrew Buchanan, who was born at Glasgow, and who married Marion Hafdie, a na- tive of Linlithgow ; on his mother's side George An- drews, born at LinlithgfOw, married to Margaret Beattie, born at Lingholm. All these ancestors died at the age of sixty^four years. James Buchanan, son of Andrew and Marioll, •was bom at Linlithgow April 20, 1814, died at Dun- fermline Dec. 5, 1887. He married Jane Andrews, born at LinlithgOw, Match i, 1819. The follow- ing children w^re bom to them: Margaret, Jan. 19, 1840; Andrew, Oct. 20, 1841 ; Marion, No*. 23, 1844; Jane, Nov. 14, 185O; James, June 24, 1852; George, May 3i> 1855; and ThotnaSj IVIairch 15, 1858. James, the father of these children, was a shoe manufacturer, and moved first to Glasgow, and later to Linlithgow, the place Mary, Queen of Scots, was born. Andrew Buchanan, son df James and Jane, was born at Linlithgow, and aftier'finishing school worked for his father for a time, and then moved to Dun- fermline, where he married Eliza, daughter of John Grindley, owfter of a weaving establishment. Of this union six children were born, four of whom are living : John, a theatrical man^^r of Dunfermline, now traveling in Scotland; Eliza, wife of Andrew Veitch, a linen merchant of Dunfermline ; Jane, wife of Alexander Leafm'otith, a hewspaper man of Stifl- ing ; and James, of Lancaster. James Buchanan was born at -Dunfermline Oct. 10, 1864, and edlacated in the public schools, after which he sought eittployment in a dry goods store in his native town. After four years' service he went to Glasgow, remaining there two years, when he left Scotland for America, landing in New York March 16, 1883. He soon after moved to Wilkes- barre, where he clerked in a dry goods store for six* years. Moving to Binghamton, N. Y., he lived there seven years, part of the time being superintendent of an extensive business. Here he met his future part- ners, John C. Soutter, representative of a leading, house, and George A. Young, employed in the same store with himself. These gentlemen opened their present business house April 11, 1896, and from that time to the present prosperity has attended their efforts. Though classed as a dry goods store, the establishment is really a department store, having a frontage of 3254 feet on North Queen street, run- ning through a distance of 245 feet to Christian street. Departments for notions, gloves, laces, trimmings, children's wear, linings, dress goods, silks, muslins, wash-goods, hosiery, underwear, gents' furnishings, ribbons, handkerchiefs, embroid- ery, upholstery, etc., besides many others are main- tained. Starting with thirty-two employes, the force now numbers sixty-eight regularly, and a larger number in busy seasons. In November, 1897, Mr. Buchanan matried Miss Mary L. Evans, daughter of the late David G. Evans, for years superintendent of Lancaster county pirlblic schools, and known dtwinig^ his life as a prominent educator of the district. Mr. Buchanan bought arid resides in a fine home at No. 836 Mari- etta Ave. Mr. Buchanan is a metttber oi fhe Blue Lodge artd Chapter of MasOlis, is. a Knight Templar, a member of the Elks, and of the Lucquan Piscator- ial Associatioh. He attends the Presbjftefian Church. Both his parents are yet living in 'Dunfermline, Scotland, his father still carrying on his business. His grandmother, though ei^fhty^oUr years of age, is in excellent health and bids fair to live 'many years. Although but thirty-eight Mr. Buchanan is likely to emulate this example of longevity, and should he do so he will certainly routtd out a vef y successful career in life. DAVID E. BESORE, the tktk at New Holland, Lancaster county, was born in Waynesboro, Franklin county, Aug. 5, 1842, and is a son of D. S. and Eliza (Rhoads) Besofe, the fathef of Franklin county, the mother of Lancaster county. They settled in New Holland, Where for a time the father taught vocal music and had a day school. He died in 1867, at the age of sixty-five ; the mother died in 1884, at the age of sixty-nine; they were buried at New Holland. They were members of the RefO^rmed Church. Born to them were the following children : John M., a painter at Reading; Lucetta M.j Who married A. A. Williard, and lives at Coatesville, Pa.; David F., Clefk in New Holland, Pa. ; Henry J., a saddler in New Holland ; Roxalena, who died young ; Eliza, who married William Styer, of Lameastef ; Levi, who lives in Lancaster. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 431 The paternal great-grandfather of David F. Be- sore was named David, and in company with two brothers, one named Balser, he came to America at an early day. and made a home for himself and family in Franklin county; his brother, Balser, lo- cated in Laricaster county, and the other brother found a home in Lebanon county. David Besore, the grandfather of David F., lived in Franklin coun- ty, where his life was spent. David F. Besore was married Oct. 17, 1871, in New Holland, to Susanna E. Townsley, by whom he had the following family: Anna E., who married the Rev. F. A. Rupley, a minister of the Reformed Church, and has her home in Fort Washington; Ella M., at home, unmarried ; George F., a clerk in a bank in New Holland. Mrs. Susanna E; (Townsley) Besore was born m New Holland in September, 1848, a daughter of Robert and Eliza1)eth (Bowers) Townsley. Her father was born in Chester county and her mother in Lancaster county. They came to New Holland when young, and there they spent their lives, the father working as a carpenter. He died in 1892, at the age of seventy-five years, and her mother died in 1879, at the age of fifty-six; both were buried in New Holland. They were members of the Metho- dist Church. Born to them were the following children : John and Mary, deceased ; Jacobs a Car- penter at New Holland; Margaret,. who married S. J. Wiler, and lives at Reading, Pa. ; Susanna E. ; Amos, who died young; George, deceased; Emma, late wife of Leratiel' Kizer; Eugene and Ellsworth, both dead ; Ecadbraj who married George Kissinger 2nd lives in Philadelphia. David F. Besore remained with his parents until the death of his father, when he cared for his mothel* for several yearS; When he was fifteen he ehtered a hardware store* working fof Jacob Mentzer, and remainfed there until 1862. That yeaf he enlisted in the Union army, joining a company in the 28th y. V. I., Gomhianded by Capt. J. G. Moore. He was at the front a short time, when he retuirneid lionie and i*e-^ribered the stor& In the following year he agaiM enlisted, in the 47th P. V. I. This time he enlisted for three months, and in 1864 he enlisted a third time as a sharp-shooter. At Peters^ burg his company captain died, and he was trans- ferred to the 203d P. V I. With this com»iand he femaihfed until the close of the war, rfeceiving his discharge at Raleigh, N. C. He participated in several battles and skirmishes, and made a most creditable reicord as a loyal soldief . Mr. Beeote resumed his connection with the hardware sbsre noted above, and there he remained until 1868, when he became a partner in the estab- lishment. This arrangement continued until 1872, when he traded his part of the store to a brother of his partner, for a dry goods store in New Holland. There he temamed two and a half years, after which be was employed in a notion house in Reading;, Pa., for eight months. He returned to New Holland and worked for Jacob Mentzer for two years, having the managernent of a dry goods store. For six years he was in the grocery business in New Holland, and from 1886 until 1889 had charge of the post office. Then he went into the store of E. C. Diller & Son, with whom he remained vmtil 1893, that year being again appointed postmaster, a position he held until £897. Mr. Besore belongs to the Encampment of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. In religion he is a member of the Reformed Church. In politics he is a Democrat, and stands well in the community, both personally and as a business man of fine ability and high character. JOSEPH HINKLE, deceased. The life of this well-known citizen of Columbia was typical of that success in agriculture which comes from well-di- rected effort, intelligently and persistently applied. Mr. Hinkle was a prosperous farmer, one whose later years were spent in the comparative ease and re- tirement which are the fitting sequel to well spent years of toil. Joseph Hinkle was born in West Hempfield township Nov. 12, 1833, the son of Henry and Sarah (McGee) Hinkle. The parents were lifelong resi- dents of Lancaster county, farmers by occupation, industrious and highly respected. They reared a family of eight children, as follows : Isaac, of Wrightsville, Pa. ; Joseph, a farmer ; David, propri- etor of a hotel at Columbia ; Catherine, wife of Will- iam Hardy, a machinist ; John, William and Charles, all deceased; and Rebecca, late wife of Christian Hershey. Joseph Hinkle adopted the vocation of his father. He received in his youth a goOd common school education, then assumed the arduous duties of farm life and was soon recognized as one of the bright, prosperous farmers of the township. He married at the age of twent>'-one. May 31, 1855, in Hempfield! township, Anna Melinger, who was born in Manor townsfaipv daughter of Martin and Anna (Kauff- nian) Malinger, \yho for many years engaged suc- cessfully in farming in West Hempfield township, and to whom were born the following children: John, deceased ; Magdalena, wife of Jacob Frye, re- tired, of Hanover, Pa. ; Martin, deceased ; I3avid, a fattner of Lancaster cOunty; Christian, deceased; Anna, wife of Joseph Hinkle ; Abraham, a baggage master on the railroad; Elizabeth, who married Christian Musser, a fatroer of West Herfipfield; Benjamin, deceased; Henry; Jacob; deceased; and Fanny, wife of Abraham Hershey, of Silver Spring. To Joseph and Anna (Melinger) Hihkle were born seven children, namely: Sarah J., wife of John Yeager, a btitcher of Columbia ; Isaac, who died in infancy; Martin M., a railroad engineer of Colum- bia ; Anna, wife of Henry Wisler, a farmer of Co- lumbia ; Harry M., a railroad engineer of Columbia ; David G.j a railroad flagman at Columbia ; and Cal- vin G., a railroad fireman at Columbia. 432 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Mr. Hinkle continued farming actively in West Hempfield township from the time of his marriage, in 1855, to the spring of 1880, the last ten years of this period being spent on the old homestead. He retired from active life in 1880 and removed to Columbia, where he resided until his death, which occurred March 2, 1900. In politics he was a Re- publican. He possessed keen business sagacity and was well informed upon the general affairs of the world. His lamented death deprived the borough of a prominent citizen, whose counsel was discrim- inating and just, and whose life had been one of praiseworthy endeavor and achievement. ABRAHAM R. FORNEY, a retired farmer re- siding in West Donegal township, near the borough limits of Elizabethtown, was born in Weet Earl township, Lancaster Co., Pa., Jan. 23, 1827, a son of Levi and Mary (Roop) Forney. Both his father and mother died in Penn township. The father was z farmer, and lived retired for the last twenty years of his life. In 1884 he died, at the age of eighty- four years, his wife having died in 1854, at the age of forty-nine years; both are interred in Erb's cemetery, in Penn township. They were the parents of the following children: Abraham R. ; Leah; Aaron, who died young ; John, who died at the age of fifty years; David, a farmer in the township of Mt. Joy ; Joseph, a farmer in East Hempfield town- ship ; Elizabeth, who married Abraham Longeneck- er, a farmer near Lititz ; Martin, a retired farmer in £ jtitz ; Maria, the wife of Israel Kraybill, a farmer of Penn township, and a minister in the German Bap- tist Brethren Church; Levi, a farmer on the old Penn township homestead. John and Elizabeth (Lemon) Forney, the grand- parents of Abraham R. Forney, were natives of West Earl and Pequea townships, respectively. Mr. For- ney had a tavern on the Reading road during the Revolution, and after the termination of that strug- gle devoted himself to farming. Abraham Forney, the father of John Forney, and great-grandfather of the subject of this sketch, came from Switzerland in company with two of his biroth- ers, one of whom settled in York county, Pennsyl- vania. The maternal grandparents of Abraham R. For- ney were Abraham and Elizabeth (Kertz) Roop, natives of West Earl township, where they followed a farming life, and were buried in Groffdale, on a part of their old farm., which is now owned and operated by the gentleman whose name introduces this article. Abraham R. Forney was married May 14, 1846, in Lancaster, to Anna Keller, who died Sept. 12, 1901, and to this union were born the following children : Salinda, the wife of John H. Hertzler, a farmer of Rapho township; John K., of Abilene, Kans., who is vice-president, and his son secre- tary, of the Belle Springs Creameries, a large insti- tution; Martin, of EHzabethtown, a farmer, and married to Anna Hemperly; Anna K., who died at the age of eighteen years, while on a visit to her brother, John K., in Kansas; Elizabeth, the wife of Joseph H. Eshleman, the cashier of the Exchange Bank at Elizabethtown. Abi'aham R. Forney remained with his parents until he reached the age of twenty years, at which time he was married and rented a farm of 140 acres in West Donegal township, on which he spent thirty- nine years as a renter. About fifteen years ago he retired from active labor, and purchased the farm from the estate to which it belonged. When he gave up active farming he moved to his present loca- tion. Mr. Forney was school director in West Donegal township, one of the organizers of the Exchange Bank, and its vice-president since the organization, in 1887. Mr. Forney is a member of the Mennonite Church. MICHAEL HERTZLER MOORE, now living a retired life at No. 134 North Prince street, Lan- caster, is one of the most conspicuous figures in that city. He is the third Michael Moore in the family, his father and- grandfather having borne that name, and his (Michael H. Moore's) grand- son is also named Michael, thus making four gen- erations of Michael Moores. The great-grandfa- ther, Adam Moore, Uved and died on the farm near Junction, in Penn township, which still remains in the possession of the family, as it is owned by Michael H. Moore, who says he bought it because the remains of his great-grandfather, grandfather and father are buried in the private cemetery on the .place, and because he was born and reared there. Michael Moore, the grandfather, was born in November, 1766, in Penn township, Lancaster coun- ty, where the early years of his life were spent. He married Margaretta Gross, who was born in Penn township March 22, 1766. They had five children, three of whom lived to maturity, Magda- lena- (Mrs. Hoffman), Michael and Rebecca (Mrs. Stehman). Mr. Moore, died in August, 1843, aged seventy-six, and his wife died Oct 25, 1857^ in her ninety-second year. Michael Moore, father of Michael H., was bom March 18, 1794, in Penn township, and married Elizabeth Hertzler, 01 Rapho township. Their chil- dren were George, Michael H., Rebecca, Elizabeth, Susan, John H., Martin, Harriet, and three who died in "infancy. Five survive, three sons and two daughters. Mr. Moore was an Old-line Whig in politics, and later in life became a Republican. He was a member of the Lutheran Church. He de- voted his Ufe to agricultural pursuits, and passed away Feb. 14, 1866, ageid seventy-one years. Michael Hertzler Moore was born on the old homestead, in Penn township, "J^^i- ^9> ^^^9) ^* 7 o'clock in the morning," to use his own language. He distinctly remembers hearing his father say that BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 433 he (the father) used to visit Lancaster when there were only four stores in the city. He helped along on his father's farm until he had reached manhood, "picking up" his education, as he puts it, and re- mained at home until the age of twenty-two, when he bought the splendid mill property on the Mari- etta turnpike, known as "The Brick Mill," which he owned and operated for over fifty years. He has sold it, however, as he desires to withdraw as far as possible from business cares. Mr. Moore was one of the organizers of the First National Bank, of Lancaster, of which he is still a director. He is also a manager of the Columbia & Chestnut Hill Turn- pike Company, and a stockholder in the Old Colum- bia Bank, the Wrightsville National Bank, and in several other banks of the countj'. Besides these interests, Mr. Moore is — in addition to the family home at Junction — owner of two farms on Chestnut Hill and of many houses and lands in Kansas, but he is anxious to dispose of these properties and to rid himself of all the business cares that he can lay down. It is for this reason that he came to Lancaster over two years ago, and took up his resi- dence here, with his wife, the estimable partner who has been his great help these many years. Mr. Moore was married, Nov. 15, i860, to Bar- bara S., daughter of Joseph Stoner, of York county, and to this union three children were born. Of these, Ella is the wife of Dr. J. F. Trexler, whose sketch will be found elsewhere in these annals. Phares, the son, is living near Hambrights, and his eldest son is Michael, this making the fourth Michael Moore in descent from Adam Moore, who settled in Lancaster county before the Revolution. Mr. Moore is a delightful conversationalist, full of interesting reminiscences. He is an Old Men- nonite in religion, and a Republican in politics, al- though he takes no active part in partisan affairs. Quiet and unassuming, with a heart filled with kindness for his fellowmen, Mr. Moore is enjoy- ing the fruits of an industrious and well-spent life. JOHN E. GOOD. In the death of John E. Good, Feb. 16, 1901, Lancaster county lost one of her most estimable and exemplary citizens. He was born Jan. 13, 1827, son of John B. Good, a farmer of this locality, of German origin ; during a long and useful life he not only accumulated ample means for the com'fort of his family, but built up a reputation for itegrity and uprightness which will ever be connected with his name. John B.Good was born Aug. 5, 1787, and his wife, Margaret Good, on June 23, 1795. They had twelve children, who all lived to a good age, though six have now passed away. The dates of birth were as follows: Christian, May i, 1819; Cady, Dec. 20, 1820 ; Valentine, Aug. 29, 1822 ; Elizabeth, Aug. I, 1824; John E., Jan. 13, 1827; Margaret, Nov. 5, 1828; Leah, Jan. 10, 1830; Adam, Nov. 27, 1831 ; Mary, Feb. 2, 1834; Fannie, March 2, 1836; Susan, June 18, 1838; Jacob, Jan. 26, 1842. They all re- ' 28 sided in Lancaster county except Fannie, who mar- ried a Mr. Warfel and lived in Indiana. In 1854 John E. Good was united in marriage to Annie Eshleman, daughter of David Eshleman, who was born Sept. 23, 1836, and died Nov. 29, 1897; they became the parents of twelve children, as fol- lows : Susan, born in 1854 ; Barbara, 1856 ; Aaron, 1858 ; David, 1861 ; John E., 1862 ; Emma L., 1865 ; Mary, 1867; Hattie, 1870; Abraham, 1872; Chris- tian, 1874; Valentine, 1877; and Leah, 1880. John E. Good followed a farming life all his days with great success. His farm comprised 150 well cultivated acres, which was especially valuable on account of its excellent and substantial improve- ments. He was a life-long member of the Republi- can party. Mr. Good came from a family long known as worthy members of the Old Mennonite Church, and he was likewise devoted to its doctrines and interests. In every relation of life John E. Good deserved the esteem in which his memory is preserved, for he was a good, law-abiding citizen, a charitable giver to those who deserved his bounty, a kind husband and a most careful and affectionate father. He was sincerely mourned both by his fam- ily and the community. CHARLES BUCKIUS, the venerable superin- tendent of the shoe department of the Lancaster county prison, is a remarkable man, both physically and mentally. Although in his eightieth year, he is as erect and quick as most men of fifty. He comes from a long-lived race, his maternal grandfa- ther, George Wise, having lived to a great age, and his mother, Augusta Wise, having lived to be over ninety years old, and an uncle, Valentine Buckius, died at the age of ninety-six. The paternal grandfather of Charles Buckius was one of the founders of Germantown. William Buckius, the father of Charles, was born in Fred- erick City, Md., and came to Lancaster over a hun- dred years ago, being then a lad of nineteen years of age. Here he married Augusta Wise, and to their union were born nine children, only three of whom are now living: Kate, who is the widow of the late George Auxer ; Eliza, the widow of the late John F. Huber, at one time one of the owners and publishers of The Examiner; and Charles, whose name appears at the opening of this article. Charles Buckius was born in Lancaster Jan. 15, 1824, and was educated at a subscription school, the common schools not being in existence at that time. He became an apprentice at the trade of a tinsmith, with the late Jacob Gable, and worked as a journeyman tinsmith for John and Daniel Gemper- ling, both well remembered citizens of Lancaster. At eighteen years of age he turned to shoemaking, and this has been his life business. Mr. Buckius kept a shoe store for many years, having long been located in a building on the site of John Baer's Sons- bookstore, on North Queen street. During the greater part of the last twenty-five years he has been 484 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY superintendent of the shoe department at the Lan- caster county prison, being repeatedly called back to that position by different factions of the Republi- can party, on account of his rare efficiency and in- tegrity. For two terms Mr. Buckius was street commissioner of the city of Lancaster, and in that position his work was just as thorough. He has served several terms in the common branch of the city council. It is said' that there has been no work ever committed to ins hands which was not done with the very highest degree of fideUty and thoroughness. In April, 1846, Mr. Buckius was married to Miss Margaret Beatty, daughter of the late Alexander Beatty, and to this union were born seven children, those who survive being : William, who is engaged in a wholesale shoe store in Pittsburg; Kate, a prom- inent teacher in Lancaster; Augusta, the wife of Ferdinand Derhuth, of the widely known Demuth tobacco and snuff house, on East King street, said to be the oldest house of the kind in the United States; and Elizabeth, at home. Mr. Buckius is next to the oldest Odd Fellow in this city, having joined that order in 1847. He belongs to the Trin- ity Lutheran Church. Wherever he is found, in church, lodge, business or in society, he is recognized as a true man. JOSEPH E. BRUBAKER, an industrious and upright citizen of Rapho township, has followed farming for many years, carrying on carpenter work in connection with his tillage of the soil. His in- tegrity and public spirit have been recognized by his election to the board of supervisors, and he holds in a high degree the confidence and respect of his own community, being often called upon to settle estates. Mr. Brubaker was born in Washington township, York county. Pa., Dec. 10, r842, a son of the Rev. David F. and Elizabeth (Erb) Brubaker, of Leba- non, Lancaster county. They were married near Erb's Meeting House, in Cumberland county, Pa., and, coming into Lancaster county, settled on the Hershey farm in East Donegal township in 1851, where they spent their lives. The father was a farm- er, and was for many years an active, much respected and able Mennonite clergyman. His death occurred Oct. 13, 1893, at the age of seventy-nine years, three months and twenty-one days. His wife died May 23, i860, at the age of forty-two years, seven months and twenty-one days, and was buried in the cemetery connected with the Kraybill Church. Mr. Brubaker was a preacher from 1848 until the time of his death. Rev. David F. and Elizabeth (Erb) Brubaker were the parents of the following family of children : Joseph E. ; Daniel, who was killed by the running away of a horse when he was thirteen years old; Frances, who married Jacob E. Shank, a farrner in East Donegal township; David, who lives iii Rheems, Pa.; John, who died in 1900; Catherine, deceased wife of William Hoffheins, of East Done- gal township. Mr. and Mrs. Brubaker were mar- ried Oct. 7, 1 841. After her death he was again married, to Mrs. Anna (Hostetter) Nissley, who died in 1893, without issue. The paternal grandparents, Daniel and Anna Brubaker, who was a Forrey, were married on horse- back, and after their romantic wedding settled in York county. Later in life they returned to Lan- caster county, and engaged in farming in Landis valley. The maternal grandparents, Rev. John and Fanny (Bergey) Erb, lived in Lancaster county. They came of Swiss stock. He was a minister in the Mennonite Church. He died in Cumberland county, leaving a family of two sons and five daugh- ters. The youngest son, John, is still living, a Men- nonite preacher located at present in Dauphin coun- ty, Pa. One sister also survives, Mrs. Susan Garber, of Bossier's Corner, in Donegal township, Lancaster county. Joseph E. Brubaker was married, in Lancaster, Pa., in 1868, to Susan E. Stauffer, by whom he had the following children: Ammond S., engaged in bus- iness as a maker of wire fences, who married Hettie Metzler and resides at East Petersburg, Pa. ; Clay- ton S., a farmer with his father, married to Maria Witmeyer, by whom he has had one daughter, May ; Ella, who married Ephraim Longenecker, a farmer in Mt. Joy township, and has three children, Ada, Eva and Victor; J. Henry S., a farmer, married to Anna B. Groff, of Whitmer, Nov. 4, 1901 ; and Susie, at home. Mrs. Susan E. (Stauffer) Brubaker was born in Rapho township, in 1845, ^ daughter of Henry and Susan (Eby) Stauffer, both of Lancaster coun- ty. Mr. Stauffer spent his last eight years in the home of his daughter, Mrs. Brubaker. His life was devoted to farming. During the last two years he lived he was deprived of his sight. A man of fine character and marked ability, he was well thought of by all who knew him, being called to fill various township offices and to settle several estates. When he died, in 1890, he was eighty-eight years old. His wife died in 1882, at the age of seventy-five years. They were members of the Mennonite Church, and their remains rest in a private cemetery on part of their old homestead. These were their children; Joseph, deceased; Samuel, a retired farmer in Rapho township ; Henry, a machinist, and living on the old homestead; Jacob, justice of the peace in Rapho township ; Catherine, late wife of Jacob G. Nissley; Christian, a carpenter in Warwick, and twin to Susan, who married Mr. Brubaker. The pateirnal grandparents of Mrs. Brubaker were Jos- eph and Catherine (Ocker) Stauffer, farming peo- ple of Lancaster county, as were her maternal grand- parents. Christian and Frances (Hershey) Eby. Joseph E. Brubaker remained at home with his parents until he was twenty-one years old, and then, going West, spent three years at the carpenter trade in Monmouth, 111. At the expiration of this period he returned to Lancaster county, and resumed his residence in Rapho township, where he di'd carpenter BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 485 work for two years before beginning the cultivation of his father-in-law's farm. For nineteen years he was engaged in this labor, and in 1889 removed to his present place of seventy acres. Success has crowned his thrift and industry, and he owns a beau- tiful farm, which is now managed by a son. In the community his standing is good, and he is re- garded as one of the leading Republicans of this part of the county. In religion he and his whole family are connected with the Mennonite Church, and their integrity and character are tinquestioned. SIM EBY (deceased) was a miller, and fol- lowed his trade in the northern part of Lancaster county for many years. Born at Hammer Creek, he was reared on the farm, and was a son of Christian Eby. Learning the milling trade early in life, after his marriage he bought what was known as the Cedar Run Mill, now termed the Martin Mill, located in Earl township. Five years after his marriage he sold this property and bought a farm in Leacock township, consisting of 132 acres, located near Gor- donville. This was his home for thirteen years, when he sold out and removed to the old Frantz farm in Leacock township, comprising 132 acres, and there lie lived until his death, in 1881, at the age of seventy-two years. He owned four farms and bore a reputation as a progressive and success- ful farmer. In the Mennonite Church, to which he belonged, he served as a deacon. Sim Eby and Anna Frantz, a daughter of Jacob Frantz, of Leacock township, were married early in life, and lived together many years. She died at the age of eighty, the mother of eleven children : Jacob F., of Intercourse; Elias, a resident of Strasburg; Benjamin, a miller of Paradise; Christian and Sam- uel, who are dead; Amos, a resident of Paradise; Ezra, Henry and Joseph, who are all dead ; John H., living on the old homestead in Leacock township; Lizzie, unmarried. Amos Eby was born Aug. 29, 1843, and was reared on the old homestead. His education was secured in the public schools, and he remained at home working for his father until he was twenty- nine years of age. On Oct. 31, 1872, he mar- ried Miss Anna McKillips, a daughter of Daniel and Christiann (Denlinger) McKillips. Mrs. Eby was born in Upper Leacock township March 24, 1848, and is the mother of one daughter, Laura M., born Sept. 2, 1880. The family are members of the Presbyterian Church. After Amos Eby was married he located on the north end of the old homestead in Leacock town- ship, where he remained engaged in farming twen- ty-four years. He gave considerable attention to dairying, and long had a mijk route in Paradise. During these years he handled farm implements and fertilizers quite extensively. Some years ago he purchased a lot in Paradise, where he built a fine residence and made his home. Mr. Eby is ex- tensively engaged in the manufacture of farm fer- tilizers, some of his make being widely known, such as the Pequea "Phospate," "Economy," the "Ara- moniated," and the "Farmers' Mixture." His goods are sold in Lancaster county, and the business is a very prosperous one. Mrs. Eby has been an invalid for twenty years, and has suffered greatly, though her suffering has not proved sufficient to break down the sweetness of her disposition and the unselfishness of her heart. AMAZIAH B. EBY is a practical machinist, ranking among the foremost of the trade in the State, and a man of high character. He is alert and keen-eyed, intelligent and awake to all the de- mands his calling makes upon him. Benjamin Eby, his father, was the third son of Sim Eby, and was born May 7, 1838. He was reared as a farm boy, and his education was such as was afforded by the local day and public schools. He began operations for himself when he was twenty- four years of age, renting property and engaging in farming for twenty years on the land of others. At the end of that period he bought a farm of fifty- four acres in Leacock township, near Ellsworth post- office, where he has been engaged in general farm- ing for many years. In 1897 he purchased the George Beiler property at Paradise, and made it his home. The place consists of eleven acres of land, with a chopping mill and machine shop, where general machine repairing is done. The milling de- partment is under the management of Mr. Eby, while his son, Amaziah, has charge of the machine work. Mr. Eby was married in November, 1862, to Miss Hattie Buckwalter, a daughter of Samuel and Eliza- beth (Rohrer) Buckwalter. Mrs. Eby died in 1867, at the age of twenty-six years, leaving two children, Amaziah B. and Ada E. In 1869 Mr. Eby was mar- ried to Miss Elizabeth Hoover, a daughter of Benja- min and Barbara ( Brockbill) Hoover. To this mar- riage were born the following children: Annie, Lena, Amanda, Amos, Naomi and Silas. Annie is the wife of John R. Frantz, a miller at Millersville ; Lena is the wife of C. H. Hersh, a farmer of Byers- town. Mr. and Mrs. Eby belong to the Old Men- nonite Church, and stand high in the community. Amaziah B. Eby, who has charge of the machine shop connected with his father's property at Para- dise, has made himself quite a reputation as a mas- ter at his calling, and has worked in some of the leading shops of the section, notably at Hagerstown. He is regarded as a young man of far more than the ordinary promise, and much is expected of him. PETER STYER, of Caernarvon township, Lan- caster county, is the grandson of John Adam Styer, a native of Germany. The grandfather came to this country when he was only nineteen years of age, locating in Lancaster county, where he was married to a Miss Miller. A miller by trade,, he followed that occupation some years, and was engaged in the milling business dur- 486 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ing the war of the Revolution. He was also a farm- er, and was a man of magnificent physique. It is a matter of tradition that on one occasion, single and alone, at one time, he carried twelve bushels of wheat up two flights of stairs. Lacking only two months of eighty-seven years when he died, he had lived a long and earnest life. In the northeast part of Caer- narvon township he owned a farm of 210 acres, and the stone residence and other buildings which were erected by him on this place are still standing, and are now occupied by Peter Styer. A large walnut tree stands in the yard at the old homestead, which was planted by Peter Styer's grandmother. It meas- ures over sixteen feet in circumference, and for this tree alone the owner was offered $75.00 several years since. A numerous family was born to him, of which we have the following record: Barbara, wife of Abraham Kern; Russina, who married Jos- eph Weiler ; Catherine, who married Peter Yohn ; Magdalina, wife of Peter Widensaul; Elizabeth, who married Peter Foreman; Frederick; John Jacob; John Adam. John Adam Styer, the father of Peter, was born in 1772 and lived to be eighty-two years old. His life was spent in Caernarvon township, where he en- gaged in farming all his days. In his religion he was a regular attendant at the Robeson Lutheran Church, and took much interest in it, being deeply versed in the Scriptures, which he had regularly and systematically read through seven times. For' years he was an elder in the church. Susan Yohn, his wife, was a daughter of Frederick Yohn, and was born in Caernarvon township ; when she died, in 1870, she was eighty-one years old. To this worthy couple were born ten children, as follows : Jacob, Frederick and Catherine, who married Samuel Rigg, all deceased; Sarah, the widow of Levi Weyler; Adam, who lives in Reading ; Peter, deceased ; Peter (2), whose name appears above; John, deiceased, as is Mary, who married George Spotts ; Elizabeth, the wife of Isaac Foreman, who has her home in Chester county. Peter Styer was born March i, 1827, was reared on the farm and educated in the common schools. For the greater portion of his life he has had his home in Caernarvon township. The old homestead is owned by him, and his attention is given to its cultivation. He is a man of character and standing in the community in which he lives, and is ever ready to lend a helping hand to any one of its important enterprises. Mr. Styer has been twice married, Elbina Sweitzer being his first wife. She was a daughter of Peter Sweitzer, and was born at the "Plow Tav- ern," in Berks county. She died in 1888, at the age of fifty-two years, and vvas the mother of ten chil- dren, of whom Sarah Ellen is the wife of Levi B. Moore, of Martindale, Lancaster county; Wilson is a lime burner of Berks county; John Adam is a farmer of Caernarvon township; Clara married Henry Miller, of Reading ; Bentley and Heber were twins; Pleber is dead and Bentley is a farmer in Caernarvon township; Daniel W. is a physician in Churchtown; George is pastor of the Lutheran Church at Millersburg, Ohio ; James is in the agency business in Caernarvon township; Charles is at home. Mr. Styer was married March 10, 1892, to his present wife, Harriet Ann, a daughter of John Fore- man ; they are members of the Lutheran Church, and are among the most respected citizens of the com- munity. During the Civil war Mr. Styer served as recruit- ing officer for Caernarvon township, and did some very good work in that position. For some ten years or more he had a butcher business in Reading, and has handled much stock, cattle and horses, in his time. At the closing of the war he bought up many government horses and, bringing them to Lancas- ter county, disposed of them at very good profits. Mr. Styer is a skilled veterinarian, though not a graduate, and has practiced the science with much success. DAVID H. MELLINGER, one of the enter- prising young farmers of Manor township, was born Sept. 9, 1865, in the old Mellinger homestead at Creswell, where he still resides. He comes from one of the old families of this region, and is of German origin, being a descendant of Ludwig Mel- linger, the first of the name to locate in this sec- tion. John Mellinger, great-grandfather of David H., was born in Manor township, and there passed his entire life, engaged in farrriing and distilling. His judgment in business matters brought him pros- perity, and he was a man of considerable influence in his community. In politics he was an Old-line Whig, and he took an active part in the affairs of his day and localitv, holding various positions, among them that of school director of his township. He died in Creswell. David Mellinger, grandfather of David H., was born in February, 1795, in Manor township, and had a long career, surviving until April 9, 1878. His early literary training was received in the public schools of the home neighborhood, and' he took up the study of medicine with Dr. Musser, of Manor township. His professional studies completed, he opened an office in Creswell, and practiced contin- uously for the long period of sixty years, meeting with success from the start. He owned 100 acres, of land, which under his management was in an ex- cellent state of cultivation, and, having inherited his father's business ability, his affairs prospered. He was twice married, his first wife being Susan. Shopf, also of Manor township, who was born March 21, 1794, and died Sept. 23, 1856. Five sons were born to this union, namely: (i) John S., father of David H. ; (2) Henry S., M. D., the last survivor, who died Feb. 6, 1901 ; (3) Jacobs who was a business man of Columbia ; (4) David j ^e^f'Vi^^^.i^fL' ^.jZ-^-l BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 437 and (s) Benjamin S., who died at the age of twelve years. The father was an active member of the M. E. Church, in which he held office. Politically he was a Republican. John S. Mellinger married Miss Elizabeth Wissler, who survives him. His death occurred in October, 1897. David H. Mellinger attended the common schools and the State Normal at Millersville, acquiring a good practical education, thus fitting him to assist his father in his agricultural work and other busi- ness affairs until the latter's retirement, when he assumed full charge. The home farm, which con- tains over eighty acres, is devoted to general crops, and in addition to the cultivation of that place Mr. Mellinger looks after several other farm properties of his own, and attends to the business interests of his' uncle. Dr. Henry S. Mellinger. Naturally he is kept constantly busy, but his disposition is an en- ergetic one, and he attends personally to all the details of his work, taking justifiable satisfaction in the results which have attended his affairs. Mr. Mellinger is as much interested in the fine appear- ance of his place as in its more material welfare, and his home and surroundings testify strongly to his love for the beautiful. The house, a modern brick structure of pleasing design, was built after his own plans in 1893-94. Like the public-spirited citizen he is, Mr. Mellinger is alwavs ready to give his influence and substantial encouragement to every measure involving the welfare of his town and county. He is a Republican politically, but not an office seeker. On May 25, 1892, Mr. Mellinger was united in marriage with Miss Agnes C. Mann, daughter of Levi H. Mann, who resides near Creswell. B. D. ECKMAN, a retired farmer of East Dru- more township, Lancaster county, was born Sept. 4, 1821, a son of John and Elizabeth (Draucker) Eckman, both natives of this county. John Eckman was born in 1781 : and his wife in October, 1786. John Eckman was the son of Henry Eckman, who was born in Germany and came to this country in colonial times, settling near Puseyville, in East Drumore township. In time he became quite pros- perous, owning six or more good farms, leaving one to each of his children at the time of his death. These children were : Daniel ; Henry, Jacob ; John ; Martin; Betsy, who became the wife of Mr. Kirk- wood; and Jane, who married and lived near the Juniata river. John Eckman after his marriage settled on one of his father's farms, where he devoted his life to farming, and died at the home near Puseyville Nov. 20, 1859. His wife died March 2, 1827, having been the mother of two sons and three daughters, -(i) Sarah A., born June 26, 1812, married James Bryson and settled on her father's old homestead, where they lived many years, and then moved to Oxford, where Mr. Bryson died; she is still living, at the venerable age of ninety years ; her only child living, Jeanette, is Mrs. William Smith, of Philadelphia. Mary, the wife of John Gregg, is dead. (2) Catherine Eckman, born in May, 1814, died in the bloom of her young womanhood. (3) Elizabeth, born April 4, 1816, married John Don- nelly, of Lancaster county. She died in Adams county. 111., where they had moved. Mr. Don- nelly is also dead. To this marriage were born Hugh, James,' Henry and Sallie, who is the wife of the Rev. W. Eckman, now of Decatur, 111. (4) John A. Eckman, born in 1819, died young.' (S) B. D. Eckman, who was the youngest mem- ber of his father's family, lost his mother when he v/as only five years old, and was reared in the house- hold of his uncle, Henry Eckman. B. D. Eckman was married Nov. 4, 1841, to Susanna E. Westcott, a daughter of William and Mary Westcott, an old family of Lancaster county. Mrs. Eckman was born in East Drumore township Jan. 4, 1826. Of the family of William and Mary Westcott four are living: George W., of Oxford, Chester county ; James, of Wilmington, Del. ; Mar- garet, the deceased wife of Benjamin Winters, of Oxford, Pa. ; Susanna, the wife of Mr. Eckman. B. D. Eckman began his married life as a farm hand, earning the munificent salary of forty cents a day. Industrious and economical, he was able to buy a farm in 1855, which is the present residence of the family. It was then only partly cleared, and had but a shell of a house for a home ; since that time he has erected large and handsome farm buildings, and now has one of the best appointed farms in the county. In his politics Mr. Eckman is a Demo- crat. His wife is a member of the Baptist Church. To Mr. and Mrs. Eckman have been born thirteen children, ten of whom are living. (i) John, born in March, 1842, married Miss Sallie Donnelly, and is now a resident of Decatur, 111., where they have the following family: Edward, William, Mamie, Anna, Mearl, John, Walter and Beulah. (2) Will- iam W., born in March, 1844, married Miss Lina Simcock, of Paxton, 111., and lives in Memphis, Mo., where he owns a lumber yard. They have one daughter, Lilie. (3) Sarah E., born in July, 1846, married George Witencamp, of Payson, 111., and is the mother of two children, Mary E. and Nettie; (4) Mary, born Aug. 4, 1848, died in childhood. (5) James B., born in Jime, 1850, married Miss Lida Keenan, of Lancaster county, who died in Illinois, leaving a family, — Harry, Josie, Johnnie and Lida; (6) George W., born in July, 1852, married Mary Starr, and lives in Greene county. 111.; he is the fa- ther of seven children, Aldis, Baltzer, Francis, Mary, Mable, Enos and Delia. (7) Jeanette M., born in June, 1854, is unmarried, at home. (8) Adam, born in May, 1856, married in Illinois and now resides in Adams county; his children are Daniel, George, Henry, Bernice and May. . ('9) Anna, born in September, 1858, married Frank Keen, of Quarryville, and is dead, leaving, one daughter, " Jeanette. (10) Sander M., born in June, 1861, 438 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY married Miss Jennie Reineer, of Drumore township, and is a farmer on his place in East Drumore township. They have the following children, Ber- tha, Ira, Leah, Mary, Perry, Anna and George. ( 1 1 ) B. D., Jr., born May 6, 1864. (12) Ellen R., born in January, 1866, married Richard Kearner, of Payson, 111., and is the mother of one child, George. (13) Susanna, died in childhood. B. D. Eckman, Jr., married Miss Emma M. My- ers, a daughter of Anthony and Martina Myers. Her mother is dead, but her father is still living in Lancaster. Mrs. Eckman was bom Feb. 24, 1868. They are residing with his father on the old home- stead, and have one son, Harry A. JOHN SPRECHER, a retired farmer whose home is in New Holland, Pa., was born in Earl town- ship Nov. 25, 1835, a son of Isaac and Mary (Dief- fenderffer) Sprecher, long residents of Earl town- ship. Isaac Sprecher came to the farm where his son is now living in 1864, and there he spent his remain- ing days. He passed away in 1866, at the age of sixty-six years; his widow survived many years, entering into rest in 1892. The ashes of both rest in the Lutheran Church cemetery at New Holland. The husband and father was a farmer all his life. Isaac Sprecher antl his wife had the following chil- dren : Betijamin, a farmer in Earl township ; Anna, wife of Samuel Brubaker, a retired farmer in New HoUartd ; Susannah, who died at the age of sixteen years ; John ; Isaac, a farmer in New Holland ; Mary, who married Jacob Shaeffer, a retired farmer in West Earl township ; Rachel, unmarried and living in New Holland. George Sprecher, the paternal grandfather of John Sprecher, who married a Miss Shaffer, was a farmer of much more than the usual prominence in Lancaster county. His maternal grandfather, Ben- jamin Dieffenderffer, and his wife, a Miss Hull, were both natives of Lancaster county. John Sprecher was married in Lancaster, Pa., in December, 1863, to Catherine Grabill, by whom he has had the following children : Ida, who married John Shreiner, of Manheim township, and is the mother of threie children ; Grabill, a farmer of Salis- bury township, who married Mattie Bair, and is the father of two children ; Leamon, a farmer of Stras- burg, who married Cora Hartman, and is the father of one child ; John, a teacher for some years, a grad- uate of the Millersville State Normal, class of 1899 and now a member of the junior class at Franklin and Marshall College, residing meairiwhile at home, only twelve miles from the college ; Bertha, at home, unmarried; Mary, who married Samuel Holt, a farmer at Merrill, Pa., and is the mother of one child. Mrs. Catherine (Grabill) Sprecher was born in West Earl township Aug. 9, 1840, a daughter of Henry and Catherine (Rupp) Grabill, both of West Earl township. Her father was a farmer, and died in West Earl township in 1876, at the age of sixty- eight. Her mother entered into rest in 1873, at the age of sixty-one. Their remains are resting in Car- penter's Church cemetery in West Earl township. Their children are as follows: Sarah, deceased wife of John Alyers; EUzabeth, late wife of John Lafevre; Abraham, deceased; Catherine, Mrs. Sprecher; Henry, deceased; Susannah, the widow of Martin Gahman, and living in Lancaster ; Sam- uel, a grocery merchant of Lancaster; Isaac and John, who both died young. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Catherine Sprecher were John and Catherine (Weidler) Gra- bill, farming people of Lancaster county; her ma- ternal grandparents Abraham and Elizabeth (Kurtz) Rupp, also Lancaster county farmers. John Sprecher remained at home with his par- ents until his marriage, when he began farming for himself, an occupation he continued until 1895, when he retired and removed to his present home. He and his family are members of the German Baptist Church, and are counted among the most honorable and'^upright people of the community. In his poli- tics he is a Republican. JACOB WITMER. The continent of Europe has contributed many good and substantial citizens to America, and no country has been represented by a more excellent class than has Switzerland, many natives of that beautiful land finding a new home in the United States, a great portion of them locating in the rich farming lands of Pennsylvania. Promi- nent among these was a representative of the Wit- mer family, although but a lad of fourteen at the time ; it is easy to believe that both courage and in- dependence were his, to enable him to leave kindred and friends for a strange land. That he possessed attributes of merit is certain, for he became the hon- ored founder of one of the largest and most es- teemed families in Lancaster county. His habits were frugal and he was of an industrious bent, re- sulting in the accumulation of means, and at his death he left a fine farm which is still in the possess- ion of his descendants; In the Mennonite Charch he was prominent, and that religious denomination has absorbed almost all of the succeeding family. John Witmer, the grandfather of Jacob Witmer, inherited the farm of ninety broad acres, located one- half mile south of Lampetef, and there he filled out his diays, engaged in agricultural pursuits, marrying Esther Bowman, the estimable daughter of a neigh- boring farmer, and dying at the age of seventy-six. The children of this union were : Jacob, the father of Jacob (2) ; Anna, who married Christian Shaub, of West Lampeter ; and Barbara, who married Jacob Barge, of Strasburg. Jacob Witmer (i) was bom Sept. .7, 1791, and died June 2T, 1864. His home was on the old home- stead, as he purchased it from his father's estate and lived a quiet, pastoral life among his fields and herds, one of the most estimable of men, who per- formed his full duty in every relation of life. His BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 489 marriage was to Sarah Lefevef, a daughter of George and Susan (Hartman) Lefever, of Stras- burg, her birth being on Feb. 15, 1799, her death on Sept. 9, 1890. A family of ten children were born to this union : Esther, born in February, 1818, re- siding in Lancaster City, the widow of Jacob Fritz ; George, born in January, 1820, a retired farmer of Providence township ; Susan, born Dec. 4, 1823, the deceased wife of Jacob F. Herr ; Sarah, born in De- cember, 1825, twice widowed, having first married Abraham Graft, and second. Rev. Amos Herr, and now living with her brother, Jacob ; Anna, born in November, 1827, died in 1829; John, born in Au- gust, 1830, died in 1833 ; Aaron, born in April, 1832, a retired farmer of West Lampeter; Jacob, born Nov. II, 1834; Martin, born in July, 1836, a farmer of Strasburg township; and Naomi, bom in Octo- ber, 1838, died in 1842. Jacob Witmer (2) was born and reared on the farm he now occupies, received his education in the public schools, and upon the death of his father, in 1864, purchased forty-five acres of the homestead land ; this was the west half, upon which the most improvements had been made, and where the father had died. This land is especially well placed for general farming, and such Mr. Witmer carried on until 1895, when he retired from active life. His standing in the county is second to none in integrity, and he is a consistent member of the Mennonite Church, where he takes a deservedly prominent place. C. M. RESSLER, one of the successful farmers and prominent citizens of Lancaster county, was born in Providence township May 10, 1841 ; be was a son of Daniel and Mary (Metzler) Ressler, the former a man of wonderful longevity, dying in his one hundredth year, on Dec. 18, 1901, Daniel was born March 24, 1802, and was of sturdy German stock, his father having been a native of Germany who was one of the first settlers of this county. Daniel Ressler was the father of ten children: Hettie, deceased ; Amos, deceased ; Barbara ; Harry, a retired farmer; C. M., of this sketch; Maria, at home ; Martin, deceased ; Susan, a resident of Lan- caster ; John, on the old home farm ; and Emma, de- ceased. C. M. Ressler was reared as a farmer boy and re- ceived his education in the public schools of Provi- dence township. Although he started out in life with very limited means, by his activity and energy he has accumulated a large and well-improved es- tate, consisting of two valuable farms, with excel- lent dwellings, barns and all the necessities of ad- vanced agricultural work. For a number of years Mr. Ressler has been a very successful dealer in cat- tle and stock. He has now retired from his well improved farm, near Chestnut Level, and has bought a home in Strasburg borough, where he now re- sides. His son, Aaron D., has possession of the farm. The first marriage of Mr. Ressler was to Miss Elizabeth Miller, of Martic township, their union taking place on Sept. 26, 1869 ; she was a daughter of David and Maria Miller. The children born to this marriage numbered eight. Mrs. Ressler died Jan. 31, 1888, and Mr. Ressler was married a second time, on July 23, 1891, to Sarah J. Parker, who died April 30, 1900, one daughter being of this second marriage. Mr. Ressler is a leading member of the Men- nonite Church, is a Republican in his political views, is a fine farmer and one of the most valued citizens of the township. In his home he is respected and beloved, and among his neighbors he is regarded as a friend worthy of high esteem. DAVID G. ESHLEMAN (deceased) was at one time ranked as a leading member of the Lancas- ter bar. He was born near Strasburg, Lancaster counlpr, July 3, 1816, son of Benjamin Eshleman, a native of Lancaster county. He was educated in Philadelphia first, and afterward at Dickinson Col- lege, from which institution he was graduated with the class of 1840. He then read law in the office of the late John R. Montgomery, of Lancaster, and was admitted to practice in 1842. He followed his profession successfully to the time of his death. He married Caroline Carpenter, daughter of Dr. Abra- ham Carpenter, and to this union were born the fol- lowing children : Anna, who married John H. Mc- Murdy (both deceased), leaving one son, John H., Jr. ; Eliza, wife of Frank M. Taylor, residing at Denver, Colo., who has one living son, David Paul ; Harriet, wife of E. C. Stimson, residing at Colorado Springs, Colo. ; Mary, who died in childhood ; and George Ross. In politics David G. Eshleman was formerly a Whig, but later became an active worker in the Democratic party. He served in the Legisla- ture and was also county solicitor. He died April 30, 1895. Mrs. David G. Eshleman was, through her mother, a granddaughter of George Ross, a sign- er of the Declaration of Independence. She died April II, 1900. George Ross Eshleman was born in Lan- caster Sept. 30, 1864, descended on both sides from families of German origin and among the early settlers of Lancaster county. He received his pri- mary education in the Yeates Institute of Lancaster. He then went to Princeton College, where he was graduated in 1884. He read law in his father's oiBce and was admitted to practice in 1886, and since that timehas successfully followed his chosen pro- fession in his native town. He was in politics a Democrat until 1896, when he joined the Republican party. He was married to Elizabeth Spencer June I, 1892, and they have no children. He is editor of the Law Review; a member of Herschel Lodge, I. O. O. F., Lancaster Lodge, No. 134, B. P. O. E., the Young Republican Club, the Hamilton Club, the Lancaster Country Club and the Y. M. C. A. ; he belongs to the Lancaster County Bar Association, 440 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and is a member of St. James Protestant Episcopal Church. The earliest record of the Eshleman family in America is that of the great-great-grandfather, John Jacob Eshleman, who was bom in Germany in 1707 and came to this country in 1729. He settled in Strasburg, where he bought a tract of land. He was a millwright. John Jacob married Barbara Barr, of Lancaster, and they had but one son, Jacob, born in 1742. The father, John Jacob, was a Men- nonite, and died in Strasburg. His son, Jacob, mar- ried Barbara Groff, and they had children as follows r Jacob ; John, who resided at Strasburg and married first, Mary Weaver, and second, Alice Groff ; Susan, Mrs. Henry Breckbill; Fannie, Mrs. Joseph Patts, who died at Strasburg ; Benjamin, who married Fan- nie Herr, both dying at Greenland, Pa. ; David, mar- ried to Mary Groff, and Barbara, married to Jacob •Bachman, all of whom died at Strasburg; Mary, who married David Miller, of Carlisle, Pa. The eld- est son of this family, Jacob Eshleman, born in 1768, had a milling business at Leaman Place, Lancaster county. He married Mary Breckbill, and resided in Paradise township, Lancaster county. Their chil- dren were as follows : Susan, Mrs. Michael Barr, of Quincy, 111. ; Benjamin, married to Eliza Stauff- er; Maria, Mrs. John Worfel, of Lancaster; Bar- Jaara, Mrs. Jacob Frantz, of Leaman Place; Jacob; I Ann, Mrs. George Groff, of Strasburg ; Fannie, who died unmarried ; Dr. John, of Downingtown, unmar- ried; Martha, Mrs. Christian L. Lefever, of Lan- caster. Jacob Eshleman, Jr., fifth child of the above family, was born in 1802. He went to work in his father's mill when a boy, learned the business thor- oughly and after marriage took charge of it. He •continued to run it until 1866, when his youngest son, Silas, assumed charge of it. Jacob Eshleman (3) married Juliette Witmer. Their children are: Milton B. ; Farris, who married Clara Musselman ; Amos L., of Paradise, married to Esther Hoover; Elam W., of Leaman Place, who married Bell Light ; Eliza, now deceased; Silas K., of Leaman Place, married to Emma Haymaker. ROBERT KOCH BUEHRLE, born at Ueber- lingen, a small village in the Grand Duchy of Baden, Germany, Sept. 24, 1840, was the second son of Joseph Buehrle and his wife, Joanna '(Koch), of Kappel am Rhein, which was the native village of the father. The mother's birthplace was Rust, a neighboring market village. In obedience to the law, Joseph Buehrle served for six years aS a soldier in the army of the Grand Duke, at the expiration of which time he was appointed a guardsman on the frontier, an ofifice in the Customs department. In this service he so dis- tinguished himself in his encounters with smug- glers (from the conflicts with whom he carried scars to his grave), and for his zeal and honesty in the discharge of his responsible duties, that after six years, he was promoted for meritorious conduct to the position of Internal Revenue assessor and collector in his native village. Being a man of universally admitted probity of character, a free^ thinker, though a great admirer of Martin Luther, and an intense hater of slavery and despotism, how could he do otherwise than co-operate with the earliest of those patriots (joined later by -Carl Schurz, Frederick Hecker and Franz Sigel), who unsuccessfully attempted to bring about the free- dom and unity of Germany through the Revolution of 1848 (he lived to see the unity, though not the freedom, brought about as a result of the Franco- Prussian war, in 1870), and as a consequence was deprived of his government office in 1844, and came to America, "The Land of the Free." Not finding his trade of linen-weaver congenial nor remunerative, he, in 1848, became a boatman on the Lehigh canal (running from Mauch Chunk and points above to Philadelphia and New York), and thenceforth resided in Tinicum township, Bucks county, Pa. He owned his boat, of which he was captain, and was assisted by his two sons, the subject of this sketch and his elder brother. He retired in 1858 to a little homestead, and died in 1877, followed nine years later by his widow, in her eightieth year. In politics Joseph Buehrle voted with the Demo- cratic party, because the Whig seemed to him to favor wealth, nativism and prohibition, but when the Democratic party became distinctly pro-slavery he left it, as he had always been anti-slavery, and thenceforth continued to be a consistent Republican, in which respect his descendants and relatives followed him. As shown above, Supt. Buehrle had his boyhood home ill Bucks county, and at the age of seven started on the tow-path of the Lehigh canal, which he followed every season until the fall of 1858, when he literally stept from the canal boat to tfie teacher's platform, although he averaged but two months a year at school up to that time. He now zealously devoted himself to study at the Bucks County Normal and Classical School, at Quaker- town, where he was a classmate of Dr. J. S. Stahr, president of Franklin and Marshall College, and of Dr. George U. Wenner, a prominent Lutheran divine of New York. He was soon appointed as assistant, but after two years he again took charge of a country school, this time near Allentown, Pa. There he married Anna M. Lazarus, a daughter of Jacob Lazarus, a prosperous farmer. In the spring of 1863 he assumed charge of Weaversville Academy, in Northampton county, but soon resigned to enter the motive power department of the Pennsylvania Railroad as clerk, at Pittsburg, then under the superintendency of Andrew Carnegie. At the expiration of two years Dr. Buehrle returned to the profession of teaching, as principal of the Allentown boys' high school, and three BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 441 years later he was unanimously appointed first city superintendent of Allentown, and also ex-officio principal of the high school, to which position he wa|s successively ^re-elected tintil 1878, iwhen he declined to accept the office. Under his supervision the schools became widely known for their complete and effective organization and the excellence of the buildings erected. His advice was sought by boards of directors in distant parts of the state, and even after his departure from this field officers of the board were eager to consult him ; so success- ful had been his administration there that the chief direction given his successor by the board was to follow in his footsteps and to attempt no reforms. In 1878, when Reading was casting about for a suitable person to serve that city as superintendent of schools. State Superintendent Wickersham wrote to them recommending Supt. Buehrle, of Allentown, and he was accordingly elected, and accepted the position, but remained only two years, when he resigned to become the first city superin- tendent of Lancaster. While at Reading, Frank- lin and Marshall College conferred on him the honorary degree of M. A. Though remaining there but a short time, he exerted so marked an influence that when he departed, to enter upon his work at Lancaster, his journey thither resembled an ovation, accompanied as he was by the mayor and other public officials of the city, besides a large number of school controllers, especially the officers and chairmen of the chief committees. He was probably the first school officer in the country to whom a coipiplimentary dinner was given by the school authorities in token of their high esteem. As superintendent at Lancaster Dr. Buehrle has labored diligently in the cause of public education ; his thorough organization of the schools, and his judicious, well-directed and progressive adminis- tration of them, are universally recognized. A zealous champion of what he believes to be their best interests, he nevertheless inclines to the con- servative rather than to the destructive. Striving ■for the establishment of what is fundamental, he has devoted himself most earnestly to the educa- tion — ^the instruction — of teachers — of those who are the chief factors in the work under his super- vision. In doing this he has been continuously engaged in instructing classes of teachers, and it was largely to promote this end that he had become the author of "Grammatical Praxis" and "Arithmet- ical Exercises." In recognition of his devotion to the study of literature — especially the languages — ^he being acquainted with Latin, Greek, German and French, besides being a contributor to Egle's His- tory of Pennsylvania, to Webster's and to Murray's English dictionaries — Franklin and Marshall Col- lege, in 1886, conferred on him the honorary degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Dr. Buehrle is also a close student of the literature of his profession, a contributor to educational journals, and is noted for wide and thorough scholarship, as well as for his advocacy of the classics and collegiate training. In the Pennsylvania State Teachers' Associa- tion he has taken an active and influential part, and he is also an active member of the National Edu- cational Association. He has been especially prominent in the formation of the City and Borough Superintendents' Association of Pennsylvania, which originated in a preliminary meeting, of which he was president, held at Lancaster in 1888. In 1893 he was elected its president a second time. He is a charter member of the Penn-German Society, in the organization of which he was very active; a Royal Arch Mason, being a past master of Barger Lodge, No. 333, at Allentown; and a member of Chapter No. 13, R. A. M., of Lancaster. He has widely identified himself with whatever makes for the improvement of his adopted city; is a member of the Mechanics Library Society, of the Lancaster County Historical Society, an associate member of the Linnean Society, a director of the Lancaster General Hospital, and of the West End Building Association. In religion he is a Lutheran, a promi- nent member of Christ Church, and has been identified with Sunday-school work since 1859, the greater part of the time as superintendent. It was ori his motion, at the meeting of the General Council held at Chicago in 1886, that a committee on a Sunday-school Course of Instruction was ap- pointed, of which he is still a member, and which has created the council's excellent graded course. Politically a Republican, he believes in civil service reform, in the initiative, the referendum, the municipalization of monopolistic public utilities; postal savings banks and the parcels post. The home of Supt. Buehrle and his estimable wife is at No. 408 Manor street, in a double-front house owned and built by himself, besides which he has built ten others in the city. JAMES MONTGOMERY. A leading agri- culturist of Lancaster county for many years, as well as one of its most highly esteemed citizens, James Montgomery is one of the truly representa- tive men of this section. His birth was in Cole- rain township, Nov. 16, 1823. and his parents were James and Betsy (Tweed) Montgomery, the former of whom was born in County Derry, Ireland, coming to Colerain township, in this county, while still a young man. His wife was born in that township, where they lived after marriage until 1836, when they removed to Eden township, settling on the farm now occupied by his son James. This land he cleared and placed under cultivation, erecting in 1857 the commodious brick residence which is still the comfortable family home. Later in life he purchased different tracts of land sur- rounding him, which he divided into three large farms, giving one to each son. James received the farm containing the residence, while Isaac and Robert were given large adjoining tracts. In this comfortable home, which Mr. Mont- 442 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY gomery provided for his children by his own energy and industry, both he and his wife passed out of life, he in 1862, and his widow in 1874. Their children were three sons and two daughters: Elizabeth and Sarah, born in Colerain township, died in Lancaster City, where they moved after the death of their parents. Neither ever married. James is the eldest son. Robert, born in Colerain, was given a common school education and for a time taught school in his district and in later years was one of the county commissioners of Lancaster county. He married Margaret Kerr, of Butler county, a very estimable lady, and they reside in great comfort on one of the farms adjoining the old homestead; their two children were: Ollie, the deceased wife of William Harrar, of Atglen, Chester county, who left one daughter, Dorothy; and Robert Montgomery, Jr., who is a resident of the far West, being mayor of Sumner City, Wash- ington. Isaac Montgomery, brother to James, was the youngest son and was born in 1828 and married Miss Sarah Moore, of' Lancaster county, their resi- dence being on one of the farms adjoining the homestead. Their seven children are: Emma, who is the wife of Thomas Williams, of Sadsbury, in this county; Bessie, who is the wife of William Chamberlain, of Philadelphia; Ruth, who is the wife of Alfred Connor, of Kirkwood, in Lancaster count)' ; Hettie, who became the wife of Jesse Weiler, now deceased, of this county; Marion, who is the wife of Albert Fritz, of Quarryville; Isaac, who married Miss Sadie Baughman, of Georgetown, and resides on a farm adjoining that of his father ; and James, single, living at home. James Montgomery was the eldest of his parents' family and received his education in the district schools. Reared on the farm, from choice he became an agriculturist and like his ancestors, soon gained the reputation of being one of the best fanners in the county. Mr. Montgomery also raised much stock,, making this branch very profitable, although he was obliged to drive his cattle as far as Philadelphia, to find a market. Until the death of his parents he remained in charge of the home farm, after which the above named division was made, according to the wish of the father, James retaining the homestead as his, by order of birth. James Montgomery married in March, 1877, to Miss Margaret J. Phillips, who belonged to one of the old and prominent families. Her parents were William and Mary (Lovett) Phillips, of Drumore township, both of whom were born in Lancaster county, Pa. William Phillips was a son of William Phillips, whose native land was Ireland, and who became well known through Drumore township, as a genial hotel keeper, one who looked well after the wants of the traveling public in the days of stage coaches. His son William settled later in Colerain township, where he farmed until his death in 1886. His widow still survives and finds a com- fortable home and loving attention in the home of her daughter, Mrs. Montgomery. Three daughters and one son of the Phillips' family still survive, three having passed away. Mrs. Montgomery was the eldest child of her parents, was born in Colerain in 1841 and was liberally educated, passing through the Union High School, and becoming a valued teacher both in Lan- caster and Chester counties. For several years she taught in the schools of these counties, winning affection and esteem. The others of her family were: Anna, born in Colerain, the wife of W. L. Bunting; Elizabeth, the wife of Hugh J. Penny, a merchant of Russelville, Chester county; Joseph C, born in Colerain, a resident of Deloit, la., where he married Miss Delia Ainsworth, and resides on a large farm ; and John W., Wendell C. and Alfred C, who all grew to maturity and then passed out of life. Mr. and Mrs. Montgomery have lived in the old home surrounded by peace and prosperity and there four children have been born and nurtured: Mary M., James Clyde, EHzabeth and Oscar I. Mary received an education at the Millersville State Normal School; Clyde at the Lancaster Business College; and Oscar at the Norristown Business College. Politically Mr. Montgomery has always been in sympathy with the principles advanced by the. founders of the old Democratic party, and he has faithfully upheld the men and measures of that political organization. He was reared in the Pres- byterian church, while his wife is an attached mem- ber of the Methodist church, and has been con- nected with the Wesleyan branch for forty-three years, her beloved mother having been a member for sixty years. Mr. Montgomery has long been a school director, his interest in the progress of edu- cational matters being continued. This family bears an honorable record in Lancas- ter county for both public and domestic virtues. Like their honored father, the sons grew to maturity dis- playing the same honest traits of character which made him the respected and esteemed citizen he was. In all progressive measures for the public good, in charitable and benevolent enterprises through this section; this family bears a leading part. JOHN H. KAUFFMAN, one of the oldest and most respected farmers of Manor township, was born in Conestoga township, Lancaster county, Pa., Dec. 13, 1828, and is next to the eldest of a family of twelve children. Isaac Kauffman, deceased father of John H. Kauflman, was born April 25, 1802, in Lancaster county, and died Nov. 15, 1888. He began farm- ing in Conestoga township, but early came to Manor township, and rented a farm at Creswell from Jacob Buckwalter, on which he lived sixteen years; then he removed to East Hempfield township, lived there three years, next returned to Manor township, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 443 where he rented a fafm from Mrs. Hershey, and shortly, afterward purchased 109 acres south of CreSwell. He farmed there for fifteen years and then bought a tract of four acres nearer Creswell, where he passed the remainder of his life in retire- ment, emphatically a self-made man. He died in the faith of the Mennonite church. The marriage of Isaac Kauffman to Miss Annie Hess took place in Conestoga township. She was born Sept. 9, 180S, daughter of John and Catherine (Keagy) Hess, and died Nov. 12, 1889, the mother of twelve children, viz : Elizabeth, deceased wife of David Eshleman, of Creswell ; John H. ; Abraham, a deceased hotel-keeper ; Rudolph, of Manor town- ship ; Isaac, a former dealer in tobacco at Mount- ville, but now deceased; Catherine, wife of Benjamin Witmer, of, Millei'sville ; Edward, of East Hempfield township; Michael, of Lancaster City ; Amos, a farmer in Lancaster county ; Jacob, a deceased farmer; Annie, widow of Abraham Taylor, of Millersville ; and David, deceased. John H. Kauflfman was reared on the home farm and educated in the public schools of Creswell, then at the age of twenty years took to himself a wife, and for fdlir years worked out &s a day laborer at farming, next purchasing a farm of four acres, which has since been his home and to which he has added until the farm now comprises twenty acres. Although known most generally as a farmer, John H. Kauffman had much experience on the Sus- quehanna river, running rafts from Marietta, Lancaster county, to Peach Bottom. He was but seventeen years of age when he entered on this line of work, beginning simply as one of the hands. His first trip almost proved to be his last, as the raft was dashed to pieces atid he saved his life only by luckily catching hold of a floating piece of timber. He commenced piloting at the time of the Rebellion and continued it for fifteen years, his experiences being many and varied. After relinquishing his river life, which had been intermingfled with general farming, Mr. Kauffman gave his attention chiefly to the raising of tobacco until his retirement in 1896. to. November, 1848, John H. Kauffman married Miss Susannah Moyer, born in Manheim, West Hempfield township, Dec. i, 1830, a daughter of Christ H. Moyer, a school teacher. This lady bore her husband six children and died March 3, 1890, leaving Mr. Kauffman and his children to mourn their sad toss. These children were bom and named in the following order : Adaline, the wife of Leonard S. Fleckenstine, of Easton, Md., and the mother of six children ; Elizabeth, married to T. C. Kackel, a mel'chant of Creswell, Pa., and mother of two sons ; Isaiah, a tobacco dealer of Rawlins- ville. Pa., who married Clara Hiller, and is the father of two children.; Aaron, an employee of a tobacco merchant in Lancaster City and married to Ida Jones; Edward, a farmer of Manor town- ship, who married Rhoda Seachrist and has ten children; and Delilah, who is the wife of Jacob' Strickler, also of Manor township, and has two children. John H. Kauffman has reared his children in the faith of the United Evangelical church, of which he is a trustee, steward, and class-leader at Cres- well ; he has been a member of the society for fifty- two years, and for most of this time has been honored with official positions, so great is the con- fidence of his fellow-members in his trustworthi- ness. In politics Mr. Kauffman is a Republican. He has lived these many years a useful life, and has won for himself the sincere esteem of a host of warm-hearted friends. _ HENRY KENDIG, who passed away in 1878, will be remembered by the older residents of East Lampeter township as one of the prosperous and . industrious farmers of his day in that section of ' Lancaster county. Mr. Kendig was born Aug. 28, 1813, in Stras- burg township, this county, son of Henry Kendig, who lived and died in Lancaster county. The latter was a farmer and followed that occupation all his life. He married Miss Mary Groff, and they became the parents of twelve children: Emanuel; Martin; Joseph; Isaac; Benjamin; Simon (or Reuben) ; Samuel ; Abraham ; John ; Henry ; Mary, Mrs. Andrew ; and Leah, wife of John Groff. Henry Kendig followed farming all his life. In 1833 he married Miss Annie Eby, dai^hter of Abram and Esther Eby, and to this union were born two children : Isaac, who is in the life insurance business in Philadelphia ; and Fannie, who was bom in East Lampeter, Oct. 7, 1834, and remained at home with her parents as long as they lived. In September, 1884, six years after the death of her husband, Mrs. Annie (Eby) Kendig sold the farm to B. K. Landis, receiving $200.25 ^^ acre. On March 26, 1885, she moved to Smoketown, where her death occurred Dec. 19, of the same year. The daughter, Fannie, still resides there. CHRISTIAN KREIDER, one of the success- ful and progressive farmers of West Lampeter township, was bom on the old family homestead, three miles south of Lancaster City, May 4, 1830, a son of a pious father and estimable mother whose wise counsels have remained with him to the present time. While a lad, he assisted his father, John Kreider, in the fulling mill which was on the farm. He received bis education in the common schools of the district. He chose farming for his occupation, and in the spring of 1853 he began the operation of one of his father's farms, the old homestead. This he operated for eleven years. In 1863 he lost his wife and after this bereave- ment he returned to his father's house, where he remained for several years; in 1866, he located on his present farm, where he engaged in farming 444 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY lintil 1878, at which time he removed to Strasburg and lived there until 1899, then returning to the old home, where he now resides with his son and daughter. Christian Kreider was thrice married ajid has been thrice bereaved. His first marriage was to Esther Bowman, a daughter of Rev. Henry Bow- man, her death occurring in Oct., 1863, at the age of thirty-four. In 1866 he married Mary Huber, a daughter of Daniel Huber, of Willowstreet, her death occurring in 1873, at the age of thirty-nine. To this union were born four children: Susan H„ of West Lampeter ; Annie, the wife of Frank Cope, of East Petersburg, who has one child, Lizzie; Francis H., who died in 1893, at the age of twenty- two; and John H., a farmer, who operates his father's farm. In 1884 Mr. Kreider married Esther Eckman, a daughter of Jacob Eckman, of Colerain ' township, later of Lancaster City ; her death occur- ring May 20, 1899, when she was aged sixty- eight. Christian Kreider has been one of the leading men of his township; early in life, when but seventeen, he became a member of the Reformed Mennonite Church, being received into the church by its devout and saintly founder. Rev. Bishop John Herr. He has ever been an upright man, and a worthy citizen in every relation of life, ELIAS EBY. The Eby family has given to Lancaster county some of its most worthy and respected citizens. During life the late Sem Eby was one of the leading men of the county, in the northwestern part of which he was born, in 1808, and he passed out of life in 1881. The major part of his life was employed in agriculture in Leacock township, where he accumulated much property and was regarded as not, only an excellent man of busi- ness and a fine farmer, but also as an upright and liberal citizen, and worthy member of the Old Mennonite church. His interest was displayed in many ways in county and township affairs, and for a long period he served on the school board. Sem Eby married Annie Frantz, the daughter of a neighbor, Jacob Frantz; she was two years his junior, and survived him nine years, dying in 1890. In all good works in the Old Mennonite church, she was a leader, and a fit help-mate for her husband, who for many years was one of the elders. A family of eleven children were born to Sem and Annie Eby : Jacob F., a resident of Intercourse ; Lizzie, a resident of Leaman Place ; Elias, of this biography; Benjamin, a resident of Paradise town- ship; Christian, who died in childhood; Samuel, a former resident of Leaman Place, who died in 1900, at the age of fifty-nine, and left two children; Amos, a resident of Paradise township ; Ezra, who died at the age of thirteen; Joseph and Henry, who both died in infancy; and John, who resides in Leacock township, on the old homestead. Elias Eby was born Oct. 5, 1836, was reared to farm life and grew up a self-reliant, well-in- formed young man, who at the age of twenty-seven was thoroughly prepared to take charge of large farming operations for himself. Renting a farm in Strasburg township he paid close attention to it and was rewarded by large harvests, and as the years passed by, his means increased, so that in the spring of 1896 he was able to retire from activity. Purchasr ing a pleasant home in Strasburg, he removed, thither and now enjoys life in that pleasant bor- ough. On Dec. i, 1863, he married Mary Ann Buck- waiter, 3. daughter of Benjamin and Susan (Jontz) Buckwalter, who was born in Leacock township, Nov. 7, 1841. Four children have come to bless this union : Enos B., a farmer and implement dealer, whose sad death occurred May 19, 1900, at the age of thirty-five years, six months and twelve days, leaving his widow, Lettie (Herr) Eby, with five children: Morris, Ruth, Ralph, Elias and Emma; Anna V., born Aug. 23, 1866, who married Amb- . rose Erbenshode, resides in Philadelphia and has one daughter, Marion; B. Milton, born Sept. 15, 1867, a resident of Lancaster, who married Bertha Ingram, and has one daughter, Arline; and Harry S., born March 21, 1874, who is in the employ of the Strasburg Railroad Company. For many years both Mr. and Mrs. Eby have been devout, generous, efficient and valued members of the Old Mennonite Church and are among the most respected citizens of the township and borough of Strasburg. PETER G. AMMON, the genial and popular proprietor of the "Franklin House," on North Queen street, Lancaster, one of the finest hotels in the city, comes of good old sturdy Holland-Dutch an- cestry. Johannes Ammon, the first of the family in this country, came from Holland in 1730, settling in Geigertown, Berks Co., Pa., close to Valley Forge. He "sold himself" to the Colony for $96 to take up a section of land. One of the early Ammons was the groom at the first marriage consummated in the old Swedish Church at Philadelphia, May 21, I798. Another party of Ammons settled in tiie Pequea Valley, in Lancaster county, and the Ammons, the Styers, the Swishers and the Yohns have all in- termarried, making a numerically strong and very influential relationship.. On his grandmother's side Peter G. Ammon's ancestry came from Wittenberg, Germany, while the ancestry of his mother came from England. George Ammon, father of Peter G., was a son of John Ammon, and was a farmer, miller and stock dealer. He died March 2, 1865. He married Mary Elizabeth Gable, daughter of Peter Gable, a farmer of Pequea Valley, Lancaster county, and fifteen chil- dren were born to them, seven of whom are yet liv- ing : William, a farmer of York county, Pa. ; Sarah, wife of Samuel Styer, of Lancaster; Peter G., who BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 445 comes next in the order of birth ; Catherine, wife of Levi Beck, of Ephrata, Lancaster county ; Ellen, wife of Samuel Rigg, general manager of the trac- tion lines of Reading ; Cyrus, a traveling salesman for and dealer in Ephrata spring water and in lumber ; and George Martin, of the "American Hotel," Read- ing, Pa. ; Susan was the wife of Robert E. Eberher, a farmer of Chester county. The mother of these died April i8, 1857. Peter G. Ammon was born Feb. 13, 1847, "^ Caernarvon township, Lancaster Co., Pa., and re- ceived his education in the public schools of his district, laying aside his books at the age of six- teen years. He then learned the milling business, and continued at same three years, after which he went to Illinois, where he operated a farm and also handled agricultural machinery, enjoying the dis- tinction of being one of the first to run a self-feed- ing corn sheller on the prairies of Illinois. In that State he remained three and a half years, then, re- turning East, he superintended the "Grand Central Hotel" in Reading, Pa., but after a time left the hos- telry to take the management of the old "Plow and Harrow Hotel," in the same city, the name of the house being changed to the "Merchants Hotel" while under his management. From Reading he removed a few years later to Lititz, this county, where he successfully conducted the "Springs Ho- tel" five years, from there coming to the city of Lancaster. Here, he became proprietor of the "Key- stone House," on iSlorth Queen street, remaining there thirteen years, during which period he built up a prosperous business. In 1893 he bought the old "Franklin House" property and proceeded to build a new hotel, and the magnificent building, which is one of the finest in Lancaster, was com- pleted and fully equipped within four months and ten days — a record breaker in the line of building in Lancaster. On Oct. 26, 1876, Peter G. Ammon was mar- ried to Frances Louisa Breneman, daughter of John M. Breneman, a contracting mason of Lititz, and of this union two children were born, one dying in infancy. The other, John M., is at this writing at- tending the Law Department of the University of Pennsylvania, having first graduated from the Lan- caster high school, and, later, passed a very cred- itable preliminary examination at the hands of the Examining committee of the Lancaster Bar. A Democrat in politics Mr. Ammon has rep- resented the First ward in the common branch of the city council, being sent there by his party, but at the same time receiving many Republican votes. Socially he is a member of Lamberton Lodge, No. 476, F. & A. M., Goodwin Council, No. 19, Royal Arch Chapter, No. 43, and Lancaster Commandery, No. 13 ; also of the I. O. O. F., the American Me- chanics, the Knights of Pythias and Conestoga As- sembly, No. 23, Artisans Order of Mutual Protec- tion; he has been cashier of the latter for nearly fifteen years. He was for twelve years a director of the Northern Market House; was one of the pro- moters of the Northern National Bank; a director of the Peoples Building & Loan Association; a di- rector of the Conestoga Fire Insurance Company, of Lancaster ; and one of the promoters and a director of the Union Trust Company. The integrity of no man is rated higher in the city or council than that of Peter G. Ammon, and he is held in the same regard in business, social, and all other relations. CHRISTIAN L. SHENK, one of the oldtime and highly respected farmers of Millersville, Manor township, Lancaster Co., Pa., was born Feb. 13, 1830, on the old Shenk homestead at Central Manor, where he passed his boyhood and young manhood until he was twenty-seven years old, aiding in the cultivation of the place and preparing himself for future usefulness in the line of agricultural industry on his own account. In i860 Christian L. Shenk settled on his present homestead of twenty-five acres, which now forms a part of the village of Millersville, carries on general farming and has become one of the leading citizens of the township. The marriage of Christian L. Sherik took place in 1857, to Miss Elizabeth Frey, daughter of Adam Frey of Manor township, and to this marriage have been born two children: Annie, wife of Haldy Hamish, who resides on the farm with Mr. Shenk and has a family of four children: Minnie, Lizzie, Barbara and Ella ; and Elizabeth, wife of Jacob M. Hostetter, who resides in Millersville, near the old homestead. The family attend the Dunkard church and are among the most worthy and respected resi- dents of Manor township. WILLIAM WALKER. One of the hardy pioneers of West Hempfield township, of that sterling sturdy character which is at " once the strength and honor of any community, is William Walker, who has passed his four score years and now dwells in a well-earned retirement amidst the scenes of his earlier life. William Walker was born in West Hempfield township, Dec. 2, 1816, the son of Isaac and Rosannah (Conklin) Walker. The father was a blacksmith and William, the only child, worked in his boyhood days at the anvil and forge beside his father. The latter was a native of Chester county and died comparatively early in life. Rosannah^ wife of Isaac Walker, was a native of Lancaster county. For her second husband she married John Lockard, by whom she had five children, namely: John, a retired engineer of West Hempfield town- ship ; Hiram, of West Hempfield township ; Wash- ington, of York, Pa.; Margaret, who was twice married and is now deceased; and Mary, deceased wife of Aaron Dwyer. William remained at home with his parents until he was sixteen years of age. He then began life for himself by engaging in work on neighboring 446 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS ^ LANCASTER COUNTY farms and by following the blacksmith trade. He married in 1838 Miss Martha Fridy, daughter of Jacob and Ellen (Clemmons) Fridy, of Lancaster county. Martha jvas one of five children, as fol- lows: Jacob; Christian; Ellen, who married Henry Albright ; Catherine, who married Jacob Shirk ; and Martha. To William and Martha (Fridy) Walker were born the following children : Cyrus, who died at the age of nineteen years ; Washington, a contractor and builder, who married Susan Hart and resides near Columbia, Pa. ; Christian, a contractor and builder who was killed in the collapse of a church scafiEolding ; Elizabeth, widow of John C. Niskey; Sarah, wife of John Farmer, a farmer of East Donegal township: Levina, who married Warren Farmer, a farmer, and now resides on the old home- stead in West Hempfield township ; Anna, late wife of George Storms ; Kate, at home ; and Martha, wife of Isaac F. Rohrer, a farmer of Manor township. Martha Walker, the mother of these children and the wife of William Walker, died in 1887, aged seventy years. She is buried at Ironsville, Pennsyl- vania. After his marriage William Walker engaged for a time in railroading. He was fireman for about eighteen months on the Pennsylvania railroad. He then became a tenant on the farm of his father-in- law, where he remained actively and successfully engaged in farming until 1893. In that year he erected his present neat and commodious brick resi- dence which he has since made his home. In poli- tics he has been a stanch Democrat. Though well advanced in years he retains the vigor and bright- ness of mind of a man many years his junior. He has wielded a potent and beneficent influence in the community in which he has lived for so many years, and holds the esteem and respect of all his numer- ous friends and acquaintances. HENRY SHNAVELY. Joseph Shnavely (deceased) was a farmer of Lancaster county for many years, though he was born, reared and mar- ried before his settlement there. His marriage occurred in Lebanon county, where he married a Lancaster county woman. Some years after their marriage they came into Lancaster county, and settling near Intercourse, they. passed their lives there. When he died he was seventy- one, and his wife was fifty-four at the time of her death. She was Mattie Hershey, of Leacock town- ship. Mr. Shnavely owned a loo-acre farm, and devoted his life to agriculture. Both husband and wife belonged to the Old Mennonite church. To them were born eleven children who reached maturity: Elizabeth, unmarried, at Intercourse; John, deceased, a farmer in Leacock township; Mattie, late wife of Solomon Warner; Joseph, who is living a retired life in Wavne county, Ohio; Sam- uel, a farmer in Wayne county, Ohio, now dead; Henry ; Annie, the wife of Israel Eberly, of Stevens, Lancaster county; Benjamin, retired, and living in ' Intercourse ; Moses, a retired miller in Intercourse ; Jacob, a resident of Wayne county, Ohio, retired; Amos, a resident of Wayne county, Ohio, where he is engaged in farming. Henry Shnavely was born on the farm at Inter- course in 1834, and received his education in the public schools. In 1859 he located on his own farm, a place of eighty-seven acres, in Leacock township. He passed eleven years on this place, and then bought a farm of fifty-seven acres in Earl township, adjoining the property where he is now found, one mile east of New Holland. This farm he cultivated until 1877, when he erected the buildings on the place where he has since ILved. This latter farm comprises twenty-nine acres, and he has sold the other place. His home is well kept, and the broad acres show the care of a master hand. Mr. .Shnavely was married in 1859 to Miss Elizabeth Hershey, a daughter of Jacob and Maria (Black) Hershey. She was born Dec. 8, 1835, and died Oct. 6, 1863, leaving behind her two children: Anna IVIary, who is the wife of Jonas Grover, a resident of Ephrata township ; and Lizzie, the wife of Joseph Wenger, of Earl township. In 1864 Mr. Shnavely was married a second time. Miss Fannie Martin becoming his wife. She was a native of East Earl township, born in 1832, and died in 1889, leaving one child, Henry, a resident of Ephrata borough, where he holds the position of cashier of the Farmers' Bank. Mr. Shnavely has long been a member of the Mennonite church, and has won many friends by his fidelity to the better life and his many upright and manly qualities. GOTTLEIB GRILBORTZER, who was born in Wittenberg, Germany, died on the farm where his family is still established, Dec. 7, 1893, at the advanced age of eighty years, and was laid to rest in the Resh cemetery in Leacock township. With his wife he belonged to the New Metjnonite church, and was a man of fine character and honest heart. Mr. Grilbortzer was a son of Jacob Grilbortzer, and lived in his native land imtil he was twenty- five years of age. W^hen he came to the United States he made his home on a farm in Leacock township, Lancaster county, and was actively engaged in its cultivation until about ten years before his death, when he gave up the management and care of the farm to live retired the rest of his life. His was an honorable and industrious career, and, beginning with his labors in a vineyaird in Germany, was always concerned with the cultiva- tion of the soil. In his earlier life he was in very poor circumstances but by industry and economy became quite well-to-do, and left a considerable property in his estate. Mr. Grilbortzer was married in Lancaster to Miss Rachel Miller, Oct.' 12, 1842, and there were born to this union the following children: Esther A. ; E. A. ; Margaret M., who married Jacob BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS by the Reformed against the Anabaptists (derisive of Bap- tists or Mennooites), creating fines, confiscation of prop- erty and other stringent penalties, including banishment. Others, however, of the Reformed belief, especially the regents of the United Netherlands, exerted their influence for the protection of the innocent Mennonites. 2 The following extract of a letter dated July 19-29, 1659, written ,by a preacher at Zurich, gives an accurate description of the execution: "Hans landis was tall of stature, had a long black beard, a little gray, and a mas- culine voice. Being led out cheerfully with a rope to Wolfsstaatt, the place of decollation, t!he executioner, Mr. BaAil Vblmar, let the rope fall [mot, however, before Hans' wiife and child came to him with tears in their eyes to bid hiim a last farewell, after which be entreated them to de- part so as not to s'hake his resolution to meet his fate], raised both hands to heaven and said, 'O God of mercy, to thee be it complained, that you, Hans, have falleo into my hands; for God's sake forgive me for what I must do to you.' Hans consoled the executioner, saying,' 'I have already forgiven, you; may God forgive you also; I am aware that you must execute the sentence of the magis- tracy; be undismayed, and see that nothing hinders you in ithis matter,' whereupon he was beheaded." BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 453 lower of Christ. Thus he suffered death for relig- ion's sake. He was the last person to be beheaded for religious convictions in that locality, but perse- cution did not cease with his death. About 1660, and afterward, the I^andises were driven to the Palatinate country, to Zweiburg and Alsace, in the neighborhood of Strasburg and Manheim, on the Rhine. Their properties were generally confiscated, and they became farmers for the German nobility. All the Mennonites received fair usage from the Hollanders and people of the United Netherlands. Migrating to America. For about two gen- erations history fails to reveal individual members of the Landis family, i. e., from 1643 to 1717. Be- lievers of the Mennonite faith early took advantage of William Penn's liberal policy to settle in America. About 1683, and later in 1709 and 1712, numbers of them emigrated to Chester county (including what is now the county of Lancaster). In 1717 three brothers. Rev. Benjamin, Felix and John Lan- dis, all Swiss Mennonites, came to America from the vicinity of Manheim, on the Rhine, where they had been driven from Zurich, Switzerland, and pur- chased land from Penn and the Conestogoe Indians. Like most of the pioneer settlers in the American wilds, these good people were comparatively poor in worldly possessions, and had their hands so full of work that they failed, it seems, to keep their family records. They became, however, instinctively American in their progress, and proceeded at once to skillfully till the soil, which has since rnade Lan- caster county known the world over as a "garden spot." Here, also, these pioneer members of the family worshiped their God according to their de- sire, and in perfect peace. (I) Benjamin Landis, of Lancaster county (the first Rev. Benjamin Landis), one oi the three broth- ers who emigrated to America, in company with his only son, Benjamin, Jr. (aged eighteen), took up a , tract of 240 acres of land from the London Com- pany, for which he received a patent in 1718. This land was in the possession of the Conestogoe In- dians, from whom it was obtained by purchase. Benjamin, was a Mennonite preacher. With his son he began farming on his tract, situated in what is now East Lampeter township, near Mellinger's meeting-house, about four miles east of Lancaster city, at the intersection of the Horseshoe and old Philadelphia roads. No records tell to whom this pious man was married, and, unfortunately, for sev- eral succeeding generations such information is very meagre. (II) Benjamin Landis (2), Jr., the younger emigrant, had four sons, -whose names, in the order of their births and respective ages, were : Benjamin, -Abraham, Jacob and Henry. From these four sons, the first born upon this soil, have sprung the numer- ous descendants of Benjamin (i). Little mention is made in any records obtainable of daughters, al- though such were born, without doubt, to some of the first generations. Benjamin, Jr., tilled the soil of his father's farm and lived there. (Ill) Benjamin Landis (3), eldest son of the younger emigrant, moved to Manheim township, in 1751-53, after buying out his wife's only brother, which left him 800 or 1,000 acres of land about three miles from Lancaster, near the Reading road, and close to where the Landis Valley meeting-house now stands. Benjamin was married, in 1749, to Anna Snavely, only daughter of John Suavely, and they had three sons: Hansle (John), born March 15, 1755; Bennie (Benjamin), born in the winter of 1756; and Henry (blind) Wn Dec. 5, 1760. The place of Benjamin Landis (3) "was the refuge of many Swiss emigrants, who enjoyed his hospitality until they were able to secure homes for themselves," amongst whom were the Bombergers of Warwick township. Descendants of (IV) "Blind" Henry, son of Benjamin Landis (3) : (V) Henry I^andis, a son of "Blind" Henry (born Dec. 5, 1760), was born and raised in Man- heim township. He married Anna Long, also of that township, and they lived on the Reading road (now Oregon turnpike). They had ten children who grew to maturity, and all of whom married ex- cept Mary, the youngest, who died single, viz. : Ben- jamin, John, Henry, Isaac, Jacob, Susan, Elizabeth, Nancy, Barbara and Mary. Henry Landis, the fa- ther, was a farmer, and also carried on distilling ; and he had a team on the road constantly, hauling his own whiskey and flour to Philadelphia. (VI) "Rich" Benjamin Landis, as he was called the eldest son of Henry Landis and Anna Long, was married to Nancy Long, of Manheim township, and lived near Oregon. The}' had eleven children (the seventh generation) as follows: Fianna, Elizabeth, Isaac L., Henry L., Benjamin L., Israel L., Faimy, Maria, Nancy, Amelia and Daniel L. All were married and had children except Israel L., who is a bachelor. (VII) Henry L. Landis, second son of "Rich" Benjamin, was born Jan. 13, 1826, and died Jan. 17, 1896, aged seventy years, four days. On Jan. 19, 1847, he was married to Catharine S, Reist, sec- ond daughter of the late Jacob Reist, of Warwick township, and sister to Levi S. and Peter S. Reist. She was born May 5, 1828. They resided on the Long farm, which originally comprised 500 acres, the place where the United Brethren Church, com- monly called the U. B. Church, was organized, and where they held their first services. The house was once burnt down by a Roman Catholic because of his faith, and undoubtedly with the idea of destroying the church. The east side of the house is still cov- ered with old style earthern tiles instead of shingles, and every rafter, joist and beam was a tree cut on the farm and hewn by hand, no sawed timber or lumber being used. In 1866 a storm blew down the straw roof from the barn, which was the last of its 454 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY kind in Manheim township, and was built in 1754. The farm is now owned by (VIII) Jacob, the sixth son of Henry L. Landis. The union of IJenry L. and Catharine S. (Reist) Landis was blessed with fifteen children, of whom- Mary, Emma and Alice died in infancy or childhood. The names of the others, with the dates of their births, were as fol- lows, these being of the eighth generation : Andrew R., May t, 1848; Benjamin R., May i, 1850; Henry R., June 14, 185 1 ;. Peter R., Oct. 24, 1852; Aimie R., Sept. 3, 1854 ; Lizzie R., Sept. 14, 1855 ; Isaac R., Sept. 13, 1857; Jacob R., Aug. 14, 1859; Katie R., Jan. 3, 1861 ; Ella R., Aug. 21, 1864; Clara R., Dec. 20, '1866; Israel R., July 30, 1868. Of these (VIII) Andrew R. Landis (single) is now living with his aged and widowed mother at home, near Landis Valley post office and Mennonite meeting- house, as a retired country gentleman. (VIII) Benjamin R. Landis was married to Lizzie Wolf Rupp, second daughter of the late Jacob Rupp, of Earl township. Their union was blessed with four children, two of whom are still living, viz. : (IX) Clayton, who was twenty-one years old July 20, iqo2, and (IX) Mazie, eight years old, both at home with their widowed mother at Oregon, Lan- caster Co., Pa. Mr. Landis was killed on the "cut- off" on the Pennsylvania railroad, at the Novelty Works, near Lancaster, June 6, igoo. The accident happened while he was on his way homeward after delivering a four-horse load of wheat at Levan's mill, south of Lancaster; "also two of his hdrses" were killed. The railroad company never showed any sympathy or respect to the family, not even paying for the loss of the horses to the bereft family, Mr. f^andis owned and lived on the farm of his grand- father, "Rich" Benjamin Landis, near Oregon, when he was so suddenly stricken down and called from time to eternity. This farm was part of the original Long farm. (VIII) Henry R. Landis, or H. Reist Landis, as he calls himself, the third son of Henry L. and Cath- arine S. Landis, was married Nov. 17, 1874, to Maria Hess Bamberger, second daughter of the late Jacob Bamberger, of Warwick township. This family of the Bambe.rgers harbored with the Landises at Lan- dis Valley on the old Landis homestead at the Stone Bridge during the winter when they first came into this country, and afterward settled in Warwick township, on a farm still owned by a descendant, Jacob H. Bamberger, of Lititz, a brother-in-law of H. Reist Landis. The union of H. Reist and Maria H. Landis was blessed with seven children, viz.: (IX) Mary, bom Oct. 14, 1881, died on the 17th of the same month, when only three days old. (IX) Barbara B. and Kathryn B., twins, were born Nov. 23, 1882. Barbara took pneumonia when but a year old, and later a complication of diseases set in, dropsy, scrofula and consumption. She lingered on until July 5, 1898, when she died, aged fifteen years ; seven months, and twelve days. She was buried at Erb's Mennonite meeting-house. Bishop Jacob R. Brubaker, and Rev. Jonas H. Hess officiating at the funeral services. Text: Matt, xxiv, 44. It may truly be said, none knew her but to love her. Katie (Kathr3Ti) graduated from the Lititz high school with her brother Jacob in the spring of 1901. (IX) Jacob B. was born Dec. 20, 1885. After graduating at the Lititz high school he entered the Millersville State Normal School, taking the highest position on entering ; he took the examination for teacher under County Supt. M. J. Brecht in 1902, his certificate adding thirteen, and was appointed to teach the Sunhill school by the board of directors of Penn township, to open Sept. i, 1902. (IX) .Emma B. was born Feb. 14, 1887. (IX) Ella B. was bom Sept. 9, 1890, and (IX) Lizzie B. was bom Feb. i, 1895. All are at home, H. Reist Landis, whose name opens this sketch, was raised on his father's farm till sixteen years old, when he entered the State Normal School at Millers- ville. He afterward taught school in his native township of Manheim for a period of four succes- sive years. After marriage he returned to farming, in Penn township, about two miles northwest of Lititz, on the Warwick and Manheim road, near Erb's Mennonite meeting-house, on Henry Bam- berger's farm, formerly a Martin farm. He sub- sequently bought this place, and has lived thereon ever since and up to the present time. He carried on farming very successfully, raising some fine crops in the line of general agriculture, and also raised large crops of tobacco. While thus engaged in farming he was also a leaf tobacco packer and dealer, and continued thus until 1901, when he retired from farming in order to give the latter more of his atten- tion. He has proved himself a business man of much accumen, and has won success by the exercise of na- tive ability. Mr. Landis served as a member of the Penn township school board for a number of years ; was one of the instigators of the Northern National Bank at Lancaster, and of the Lititz National Bank, at Lititz, and has served as a member of the board of directors of the latter institution since 1892 ; served as a grand juror in the United States courts at Phila- delphia for one term ; was one of the originators of the Independent Telephone Company of Lancaster county, and was secretary of the board in said com- pany until the board sold out to the Keystone Tele- graph & Telephone Company of Pennsylvania. Mr. Landis and his wife Maria are faithful mem- bers of the Old Mennonite Church, to which their parents belonged. (VIII) Peter R. Landis, fourth son of Henry L. and Catharine S. Landis, is now living on a Christian Landis farm adjoining the Landis Valley Mennonite meeting-house, where he built a large, commodious dwelling, and retired from farming in the spring of 1902. In 1874 he married Priscilla Royer Brubaker, only daughter of the late Martin M. Brubaker, of Elizabeth township, who of late, however, had made his home with his daughter, at Landis Valley where BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 455 he died, his widow remaining with the same daugh- ter. The union of Peter R. and Priscilla R. Landis was blessed with five children (ninth generation), viz. : Walter B., EmeHne B., Pierce B., and Bessie B., all at home, and one that died. Peter R. Landis was a successful farmer. He is a director on the board of the Manheim Township Mutual Fire In- surance Company and a director in the Union Trust Company of Lancaster, which was opened for busi- ness in the spring of 1902. (VIII) Isaac R. Landis,. fifth son of Henry L. and Catharine S. Landis, is now living on the farm where the Landises first settled in Manheim town- ship, on the Reading road, near the Stone Bridge and the Landis Valley Old Mennonite meeting- house. This farm was first settled by a Suavely and afterward bought by Benjamin Landis, his brother- in-law, and is now in the possession of the Landises for the sixth generation, since 1751. Revolutionary soldiers used to camp in the meadows of this farm, Isaac R. Landis married Mary Landis Brubaker, eldest daughter of the late Peter Brubaker, of Lea- cock township, and their union was blessed with three children (ninth generation), viz.: Charley B., Lillie .B. and Elmer B., all at home. ^r. Landis has re- peatedly been ofl'ered the office of school director, which he declined. He has been one of the auditors of Manheim township for quite a while, and is a directpr in. the Lancaster & Ephrata Turnpike Com- pany. In general, he has been a very successful farmer. (V'lII) Jacob R. Landis, sixth son of Henry L. and Catharine S. Landis is now living on and owns the fann where Henry L., his father, resided and reared his family. He married Annie Buckwalter Hess,, only daughter of Henry Hess of Manheim township, near Lancaster, and Ihey have been blessed ■ with children as follows (ninth generation) : Henry H., John H., Warren H., Katie H., and Simon H., all at home, attending school. (VIII) Israel R. Landis, seventh son of Henry L. and Catharine S. Landis, is now residing on the Andrew Hauck farm, near Landis Valley. He is married to Susan Rohrer Sechrist, eldest daughter of Michael Sechrist, of Columbia, Pa., and to their union have come two children : Irvin, who met an accidental death, by burning ; and Mamie, at home. (VIII) Annie R. Landis, eldest daughter of Henry L. and Catharine S. Landis, was married to Benjamin Hershey Brubaker, eldest son of the late Jacob Brubaker, of Elizabeth township, and lived near Petersburg, in East Hempfield township. They were blessed with seven children : Emma, the eldest child, married Roy Kendig, of West Willow; Ele- nora married John Meyers of York county, and has two children; Landis L., Frances L., Benjamin L., Annie L., and Clara L. are all at home and attending school. (VIII) Lizzie R. Landis, second daughter of Henry L. and Catharine 5- Landis, is married to Henry Stoner Miller, elder son of Elias Miller. They live near Lititz, on a very fine farm in Warwick township, and have four sons : Benjamin L. mar- ried Bertha Erb Brackbill, eldest daughter of Dan- iel Brackbill, of Brownstown, and lives on the old Miller homestead ; Harvey L. is a clerk in a grocery store in Philadelphia ; Charley L. is clerk in a Phila- delphia drug store ; and Monroe L. is living at home near Lititz. (VII) Katie R. Landis, third daughter of Henry L. and Catharine S. Landis, is married to Jonas Harnish Shenk, only son of Andrew Shenk, of near Levan's Mill, in Lancaster township. They reside on the old Shenk homestead, and have three chil- dren: Landis L., Emma L. and Walter L*, all at home. (VIII) Ella R. Landis, fourth daughter of Henry L. and Catharine S. Landis, is married to Eli Bru- baker Mumma, eldest son of Jonas Mumma, of Landisville, where they reside. They have three children : Harry, Eli and Ella, all at home. (VIII) Clara R. Landis, youngest daughter of Henry L. and Catharine S.- Landis, is married to William Weidman, of Elizabeth township, son of Eli Weidman. They live near Lexington, Lancaster county, and have one child, Catharine, who is at home. All the farms originally owned by a Landis in Lancaster county, are still in the possession of that family — a very singular thing for so large a family to hold their own and acquire more — except one now in the possession of Lemon Shirk, near Oregon, Lan^ caster county. Among them there were six ordained ministers of the Gospel of the Old Mennonite faith ; one associate judge; lawyers, doctors, statesmen; men of wealth and high standing in business and so- cial life. Most of them still adhere to their mother Church, the Old Mennonite faith. Lancaster county owes much to this family in the matter of agri- cultural progress, as nearly all, with few exceptions, were farmers. SAMUEL TENNIS. Among the prosperous and enterprising old settlers of Drumore township is Samuel Tennis, a farmer who resides one mile north of Furniss, Pa. He was born May 7, 1835, a son of Israel and Elizabeth (Lukins) Tennis, of Montgomery, Pennsylvania. In 1830 the parents came to Lancaster county and settled on the farm now owned by Samuel Ten- nis. The following children were born to the par- ents: Emiline; Sarah; Enos, who died young; Mary Jane ; Lukins ; Samuel ; Hannah M. ; Anna M. ; William; Benjamin F., of Drumore township; and Enos (2), of Kansas. Israel Tennis was a son of Samuel Tennis and the grandfather had a family as follows: Israel, Samuel, Rachel, Mary, Lavina, Jane and Eliza, all of whom are deceased except Jane. The maternal grandfather, Enos Lukins, was a native of Mont- gomery county and the father of the following chil- dren : William, Abraham, Enos, Elizabeth, Mariah, 456 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Sarah, Hannah and Margaret, all deceased. Israel Tennis, the father of Samuel, was born in 1800 and died about 1882, while his wife was born in 1805 and died in 1896, aged ninety-one. Samuel Tennis, of whom we write, was married in 1859 to Miss Mary Rutter of Bucks county. Pa., daughter of John Rutter. Six children were born of this marriage : James, deceased ; Charles, who mar- ried Mary Alice Ritchie, of York county; William, deceased; Bromley, who died young; Benjamin, of New York State; and Clinton E., of York, Pa., a machinist by trade. After the death of his first wife Mr. Tennis married Susan Gumpf, of Lancaster Oty, and she died in 1898, leaTing no issue. The early life of Mr. Tennis was spent upon the farm, attending the district school. Starting out in life a poor man, by hard work he has earned an ex- cellent farm of 200 acres, which is well improved and in a good state of cultivation. In religious mat- ters he is a Qu^er, and in politics a Republican, serving as supervisor and township auditor. After a long life of industry, he is now living retired and is cared for by his sister, Anna M. Tennis, a maiden lady. No one is more -highly respected in the com- munity than this good man and his estimable sister and they are recognized as kind neighbors and plain, honest people. SAMUEL BACHMAN, in his lifetime an hon- ored and industriotis farmer of Bart township, Lan- caster county, was born near Georgetown, Aug. 19, 1 79 1, his parents being Jacob and Ann (Heidel- baugh) Bachman. Jacob Bachman, who was born in 1762, was the son of Felix Bachman. Felix Bachman came from Switzerland when a young man and settled in Bart township, where he owned 800 acres of land, which was divided among his children. Jacob and George were his two sons ; Margaret Ann, the oldest daugh- ter, married Simeon Geise, and died in Bart town- ship ; Barbara and Ann Margaret married two brothers by the name of Pickle, and spent their lives in Bart township. Jacob Bachman was the father of a family of five children: George, the oldest; Elizabeth Bach- man, the wife of Solomon Hamer, of Bart township ; Mary Bachman, married to Adam Fogle, of Bart township ; Jacob Bachman, who lived and died on the old homestead ; Samuel. Samuel Bachman was reared in Bart township, where he married for his first wife Rebecca Baird, born in Bart township in 1794. They settled at the Green Tree for a time and then moved to White Hall, where the wife died in 1830, leaving four chil- dren, two of whom are now living: John Baird Bachman, a resident of Columbia ; Hiram F. Bach- man, killed by lightning in 1850 ; Samuel H. Bach- man, who died when a young man ; Ann Amanda Bachman, unmarried and an invalid, living on the old homestead. Mr. Bachman married for his second wife, in September, 1834, Miss Isabella Bower, bom in Vir- ginia in 1798. She died in Bart township in Oc- tober, 1 84 1, leaving two daughters and one son: Harriet E., born and reared in Bart township, living at the old home from which she buried her par- ents, and much respected and loved for her many kindly qualities ; Rebecca, who was educated in the home schools and in the State Normal at Millersville, taught private school in Lancaster county for sev- eral years, and lives at the old home; William B., who died in childhood. Mr. Bachman married for his third wife, in 1844, Miss Hannah Pickle, a lady born and reared in Bart township, by whom he had one daughter, Hannah ML, born in 1846, and for a niumber of years a very isuccessful teacher in Lancaster county. She is now the wife of James Irwin and has three children, H. Mabel, Sarah B. and Mary G. In 1849 Mr. Bachman bought the farm where his daughters are now living. It adjoins George- town, and there he erected good buildings and made many permanent and valuable improvements. He also owned a valuable farm near White Hall. He died in 1882. Religiously Mn. Bachman was connected with the Presbyterian Church, as were all his daughters excepting Rebecca, who is a Methodist. In politics he was a Whig, and later a Republican. He was one of the first school directors in the town. His four daughters, noted above, are all that is left of this historic family. They are ladies whose deeds of kindness and thoughtfulness have endeared than to the community. JOHN KEAGY STONER, for twenty-nine years the head of the well-known hardware and house furnishing firm of Stoner, Shreiner & Co., of Lan- caster, and now living retired in his home at No.- 543 North Duke street, is one of the mosl conspicu- ous and well known figures in Lancaster. No man in the city is better known or more highly respected. Jacob Stoner, the grandfather of John K., was born in this country, and engaged in farming on Long lane, below New Danville. Christian Stoner^ son of Jacob, was born on the old Stoner homestead^ and became a miller and farmer. He married Miss Anna Resh, daughter of Henry Resh, who was a justice of the peace, and one of the most prominent citizens of Pequea town- ship. Thirteen children were born to them, of whom four are living: Christian, a retired mer- chant of Freeport, 111. ; Eli, a veterinary surgeon of Salunga; Amos, a farmer of Dauphin county; and John K., of Lancaster. John Keagy Stoner was born near Petersburg March 25, 1833, and was educated in the schools of West Hemipfield township. Leaving school, he be- gan work on his father's farm, and when he was quite a young man went to Freeport, 111., to take a position as clerk in a grocery store. At the end of three years he threw up his position and returned BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 457 to his native State. Settling on his father's farm near Salunga, in Lancaster covinty, he continued on the farm for three years after his marriage. After spending three years in the cultivation of the old homestead, and three years at Neffsville, Mr. Stoner came to Lancaster and engaged in business as a butcher for six years. At the end of that time he quit the shop and bought the building at the south- west corner of North Queen and Walnut streets, which soon became widely known throughout the county as Stoner, Shreiner & Co.'s Corner. There for twenty-nine years Mr. Stoner was steadily at his business, being absent only three weeks in all that period. The firm, which consisted of J. K. Stoner, Isaac T. Shreiner and J. Newton Stauffer, carried on a most successful business. In the spring of 1901 Mr. Stoner retired from active business, and the firm became Shreiner & Stauffer. Mr. Stoner was one of the chief promoters of the Northern Market House, of which he was also a director for some eighteen years. It was Mr. Stoner, associated with his partners, who started the movement that resulted in the building of the Northern National Bank, in which he was for many years a director. These two projects have had much to do with the development of the substantial busi- ness interests of that section of the city. Mr. Stoner was united in marriage with Char- lotte Evans, daughter of John Evans, and sister of David Evans, for many years superintendent of pub- lic schools for Lancaster county, and justly regarded as one of the foremost educators of the State. The Evans family is one of the oldest and most highly respected in this section of the county. Five chil- dren were born to Mr. and Mrs. Stoner, of whom only two are living : ( i ) Elmer E., now connected with the establishment of Shreiner & Stauffer, mar- ried Sarah, daughter of the late Samuel Groff, a well-remembered citizen of Lancaster, and they have had four children, Kathryn and John K., Jr., liv- ing ; Helen, who died at the age of four years ; and one that died in infancy. (2) Harry E. is now in Europe in the interest of the Standard Oil Com- pany, having been sent there by that corporation with a view to his establishing his permanent resi- dence abroad to attend to the many and compli- cated interests of that great corporation; his selec- tion for this delicate and responsible position by this great institution is an expression of remarkable confidence in so young a man. It is impossible in so brief a sketch as this to fully portray the life of one who has been so prominent in business aflEairs as has Mr. Stoner. It gives but a glimpse at his career and those from whom he is descended, as well as his descendants. Religiously he is descended from that sturdy set known as the Dunkards. In politics he is a Republican. Keen in his observation of men and events, intelligent in his conversation, and social in his nature, Mr. Stoner seems as vigorous, mentally and physically, as though in the very prime of manhood, although he has long since passed the age at which men are thought to be turning to driftwood. By careful living and regular habits, he has so preserved him- self that he gives promise of many years in the enjoyment of his well-earned retirement. JACOB E. STAUFFER, a general farmer of very high reputation, and a justice of the peace at Sporting Hill, Rapho township, Lancaster county, was born two miles south of Sporting Hill, in that township, Feb. 20., 1837, a son of Henry and Sus- anna (Eby) Stauffer. The father was born in White Oak, Lancaster county, and the mother in Warwick township. Both died in Rapho township. The father was a farmer, and served as one of the first school directors when the free school system was first established in Lan- caster county. In 1855 he retired from active la- bors, and died in 1888. He was born in 1802. His wife, who was born March 4, 1805, died in 1885. Their remains now rest in the private burying, ground in Rapho township which is owned by Eli B. Mumma. They held to the old Mennonite Church, and were among the good people of their day. In politics he was a Republican,, being counted among the reliable men of the community. Born to them were the following children: Catherine E., who married Jacob G. Nissley, and is now dead; Benjamin and Veronica, who died young; Chris- tian, a carpenter at Kissel Hill, a twin with Susan, who married Joseph E. Brubaker, of Rapho town- ship, whose history appears on another page; Ja- cob E. Joseph and Catherine (Acker) Stauffer, the grandparents of Jacob E., were born and reared in Lancaster county, where their lives were spent. Jacob E. Stauffer was married May 5, 1867, in Warwick township, to Barbara Mohn, by whom he had the following children: Stella M., the wife of Aaron Hurst, of East Petersburg, Pa., where he engaged in business as a tobacco farmer; Bara M., married to Amos Sumpman, of Mt. Joy, Pa., where he is engaged in broom manufacturing; Henry C, at Reading, Pa., where he married Laura Hef el- finger ; Wayne M., single, and at home. Mrs. Barbara Stauffer was born in Warwick township, March 4, 1843, a daughter of Henry and Sarah (Herchelrode) Mohn. Her father was bom in Lancaster, and her mother in Clay 'township. For years he operated a distillery at Pine Hill, near Lititz. He died in 1865, fifty-nine years of age ; the mother died Dec. 9, 1877, at the age of fifty-nine vears. Both were buried in the Middle Creek Dunkard Meeting House burying ground. They were members of the Lutheran Church. To them were born the following children: John, in the hotel business at Denver, Pa.; Christian, a cigar maker at Lititz ; Barbara, whose name is given above; Henry, a horse dealer at Manheim; Susan, the wife of Christ. Stauffer; a carpenter at War- wick ; Charles, operating a bakery at Akron, Pa. ; 458 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Edmond, a cigar maker at Akron, Pa. ; Franklin, who died in infancy. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Stauffer was Lewis Mohn, of Lancaster county, a cigar maker in his younger days. Her maternal grandparents were Henry and Barbara (Young) Herchelrode, farmer folk of Lancaster county. Jacob E. Stauffer remained with his parents un- til his marriage. When he was eighteen he began teaching school, and continued in the school room for nine years. After the expiration of his career as a teacher he worked on the farm a year and a half. He spent some time as a photographer in Mt. Joy, and then returned home and was married. In . 1868 he began farming in Rapho township, in which he was engaged for ten years. In 1878 he moved to his present home place, a comoact garden spot of eleven acres. In 1875 he was elected justice of the peace, a position he has continued to fill to the pres- ent time, with the exception of a year and a half , when he resigned, but he was again elected. For twelve years he has been town clerk, and is now discharging the duties of his judicial ofHce with marked ability. In politics he is a strong Republi- can, and is regarded as one of the leaders of the party in this section of Lancaster county. JOHN HASTINGS (deceased) was born in Colerain township, Lancaster county, Dec. 4, 1804, a son of John and Mary (Mahoney) Hastings, of English and Irish ancestry, the Mahoneys belonging to the Scotch-Irish. Both families were represented in the war of the Revolution. John Hastings, Sr., was the son of Peter and Rachel Hastings, who were born in England. John and Mary (Mahoney) Hastings were married in 1796, and settled on a place in the woods in Cole- rain township. This his axe converted into a farm, and there both he and his wife died. Their family consisted of the following members: (i) Stephen, born in 1799, married a Miss Potts, and settled in Lancaster township, where he and his wife died in 1832, leaving two dausfhters : Frances, the widow of Clement Dunlap, of Lancaster; Mary, late wife of Samuel Curtis, of Lancaster. (2) Rachel, born in Colerain township in 1800, married Hays Kuch, who settled in Little Britain, where she died in 1880. (3) Peter, born in 1802, died in 1812. (4) John is the subject of this' biography. (5) Jere- miah, born in 1807, married a Miss Smith, of Ches- ter county for his first wife, and settled on the Hast- ings homestead in Colerain township, where his wife died, leaving four children: Rachel, who married B, Whiteside, of Chester county; Marshall, a resi- dent of Colerain township; Esther, who married W. H. Hogg, of Colerain township, and is dead; William S., of Drumore township. Mr. Hastings married for his second wife Hannah McVeigh, who bore him three children : Rebecca, of Philadelphia ; Hannah, the wife of Nathaniel Ferguson, of Phila- delphia; Jerry, of Philadelphia. (6) William Hastings, born in December, 1809, married Miss Fannie Millar, of Lebanon county, and settled in the Cumberland valley, where he died at Newville, leav- ing one son, William M., who also died, unmarried. (7) B. Frank, born in 1812, married Anna C. Baker, of Vicksburg, a native of England ; a few years af- ter his marriage he went to California, where he was among the first prospectors of that region in 1849; he remained in California, where he died in 1881, leaving a wife and two sons : B. F., of Idaho; and J. Uhler, of San Francisco. (8) Margaret, born in 181 5, married John Cope, of Little Britain, and moved with him to Illinois, where they died, leaving a family. (9) Nancy M., born in 1818, married Thomas Haines, of Little Britain, settling for a time in Lancaster county, and then moving to Havre de Grace, where he died ; his widow died at the resi- dence of a daughter in Chester, leaving four chil- dren: John, of Maryland; Sidney, the wife of James Keener, of Wilmington, Del. ; Joseph and Frank, both of Chester, the last being the wife of William Roop. John Hastings was reared a farmer and educated in the public schools of Colerain township. As a young man he was associated in a tanning enter- prise with John Whiteside, under the firm name of Whiteside & Hastings. In 1836, however, Mr. Hastings parted . company with Mr. Whiteside and bought for himself the Dan Lefever farm and family property, which he cultivated in connection with his tannery, becoming a verj' successful man. He bought several farms adjoining his own, and gave his entire attention to farming during the later years of his life. Mr. Hastings was married in June, 1833, to Rebecca, the daughter of Francis and Margaret (Whiteside) Russel, both of Lancaster county. Mrs. Hastings was bom in Russellville, Chester county, March 31, 18 12, but was reared to woman- hood in Lancaster county. Francis Russel, the fa- ther of Mrs. Hastings, was born in Chester county. Pa., in 1783, and was the son of Alexander Russel, born in the same house in 1756, his father, Hugh Russel, being born in Ayrshire, Scotland, in 1726. The latter escaped from the battlefield of Culloden to make his way to America, and became a resident of Chester county, where he died. Francis Russel served in the war of 1812, and in his neighborhood was known as Col. Russel. George B., his son, is a retired physician of Detroit, where he settled many years' ago. After his marriage John Hastings settled in East Drumore township, where he built the present stone house in 1841, and the large barn at the home of his daughter, Emma, was btiilt in 1840. Mr. Hastings died at his home in August, 1892. Always taking an active interest in local affairs, he was an intelli- gent citizen, and was connected with the Presby- terian Church. From his boyhood to his death he was one of its active workers, and is remembered as a strong and manly character. His widow died in BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 459 1900, eighty-nine years of age. For over sixty years she was his constant companion, a devoted wife, a loving mother and a true Christian woman. They were the parents of seven children, (i) Mary, born in June, 1834, died unmarried in Novemb'er, 1889. (2) George Russel, born in 1836, was educated in the Academy at Chestnut Level, in Lancaster coun- ty, married Jane P. Dickey, of Colerain township, in 1864, and now resides on his farm in Colerain township. (3) Howard F., born in 1839, went, in 1858, with his uncle, B. Frank Hastings, to Cali- fornia, where he married Miss Emma Cunningham ; he now holds a position in the Government custom house at Los Angeles, Cal. ; they have two sons, John R. and Howard F. (4) William S., born in February, 1841, married Miss Ella Harrar, of Chris- tiana, and now resides at Atglen, Chester county, where he is engaged in the lumber and warehouse business; his son, John D., married Miss Helen Phillips, and resides at Atglen, where he is a part- ner with his father; they have one daughter, Rob- erta. (5) Margaret died in childhood. (6) Emma R., born in 1846, was educated in the local school and in the State Normal at Millersville ; during the sickness of her father, as she was the only one left at home, she became manager of his extensive inter- ests; and after his death she superintended the farmj while devoting herself to the care of her aged mother. Her management has been very successful. In 1898 she remodeled the large barn built by her father, and has made many other changes and im- provements. (7) L. Rutter Hastings, bom in 1849, married Miss Sarah A. Ewing, and they now reside on their farm in East Drumore township. They have six children: Rebecca L., the wife of Harry Hamill, of Chester county ; Jessie I. ; Louisa L. ; Harry E. ; Isabelle R. ; and George R. George, William and Howard Hastings are all members of the Masonic fraternity. John Hastings was a Democrat, and was often a delegate to the county conventions of his party. He was a school director many years. All the fam- ily were identified with the Presbyterian Church, of which he was a faithful and devoted member, as was his wife. GEORGE W. EABY. One of the best-known figures in business, political and social circles in Lan- caster, is George W. Eaby, who is engaged in the real-estate and insurance business, located at No. 51 East Grant street. The ancestors of Mr. Eaby came to America from Switzerland, generations ago, and his grand- father, Jacob Eaby, was a well-known farmer in Leacock township, where he owned and farmed a very large tract of land", which, at his death was divided among his sons and daughters, forming a number of smaller farms. Daniel M. Eaby, the father of George W., owned and farmed a part of the original tract. Daniel M. married Miss Caroline Bair, a daughter of the late Joel Bair, a prosperous farmer of Leacock, and by a singular coincidence, there were five sons and daughters in each of these families. The union of Daniel M. Eaby and Caroline Bair, resulted in the birth of seven children : Joel S., who is in the real estate and insurance business, in Lan- caster; Harry B., who is in the service of the Government, in Wooster, O. ; Daniel E., a grocer of Lancaster ; Jacob M., a merchant at Paradise, in this county: Mary, the wife of William Rice, of Wooster, O. ; and George W., but one of the family having passed out of life, George W. Eaby was born on the old homestead, in Leacock township, Feb. 5, 1840, and was educated in the public schools of the district and at the Mil- lersville Normal School, leaving the latter institu- tion when twenty to become a school teacher. For the following eight years he taught in the public schools, with the exception of nine months of ser- vice as a member of the 122nd Regiment, P. V. I., during the Civil war, when he took part with- his regiment in all its battles and skirmishes, which included Chancellorsville and Fredericksburg. Mr. Eaby also served with the "Emergency" men, when the Confederates invaded the State. Soon after the close of the war, Mr. Eaby be- came clerk of the Lancaster county prison, serving two years, and then became a clerk in the Steinman hardware . store, where he remained for four years. Later he engaged in the grocery business for a time, disposing of this to enter upon the duties of a posi- tion in the office of the clerk of the Quarter Ses- sions of Lancaster county, acting three years as deputy, under Dr. B. F. W. Urban, and three years as clerk in chief of the office, and the following three years as deputy under Capt. Abram Settley, who had been elected to the office at the expiration of Mr. Eaby's term-. This completed nine years of service in one of the most important offices in the county, and his record was such, and his fidelity to the cause of the Republican party so well known and appreciated, that he was strongly urged by his friends for the office of alderman of the 2d ward, of Lancaster. In 1891, Mr, Eaby entered the real estate and insurance business and since that time has rendered signal service to the various com- panies he represents and has enjoyed a large pat- ronage. Mr, Eaby married Miss Rachel A. Reese, a daughter of the late James M, Reese, of Bethania, Salisbury township. Previous to marriage, Mrs Eaby was a teacher and she and her husband pos- sess what is unusual, in one family, namely, two permanent teachers' certificates. Mrs. Eaby, who was one of the brightest of Lancaster county's teadi- ers, is descended from two very old families; her mother was a Bentley, and her grandfather was a Baker, and it was from the papers testifying to the fame of Aaron Baker, in the Revolutionary war, that Mrs. Eaby became a Daughter of the Revolu- 460 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY tion, in which exclusive and admirable society, she has taken an active interest. She is five generations removed from her Revolutionar}' ancestors. From the union of George W. Eaby and his wife two children have been born : C. Reese Eaby, Esq., a prominent member of the Lancaster bar; and Flora, the wife of Harry Cessna, Esq., a member of the Bedford county bar, a son of the late Hon John Cessna, who was, for so many years, president of the board of trustees of Franklin and Marshall College. Mr. Eaby is a member of the Blue Lodge of Masons, and is also fraternally connected with the Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, and the E^ks. The religious connection of the family is with Trin- ity Lutheran Church, where Mr. Eaby is recognized as in other relations, as an earnest, intelligent, gen- erous and conscientious citizen. HENRY ALBERT SCHROYER, the florist at No. 151 North Queen street, Lancaster, is a son of George W. Schroyer, the veteran florist, whose many hothouses are located on the Harrisburg turnpike. George W. Schroyer was born in Lewisburg, Union Co., this State, Sept. 9, 1818, and is still seemingly as active>, mentally and physically, as most men of fifty years. He came of a family long es- tablished in this country, being a descendant of one ox three brothers of the name who came to America in 1670, and settled in Pennsylvania — one in Lan- caster county, one in Berks county, and one in a western county. Conrad Schroyer, his grandfather, was born Dec. 10, 1761, in Lancaster county. Col. Christian Schroyer, father of George W., was born Aug. 5, 1793, in Cornwall, Lancaster (now Lebanon) county, and died in 1855. He was a noted and popular hotel-keeper in his day, his hos- telry being located near Lewisburg, on the road be- tween that place and Northumberland. In those days of primitive traveling facilities there was a hotel in about every twenty-five miles, where the stages put up and accornmodations were afiforded the public, and no host was better known in that section than Col. Schroyer. He gained his title by service in the militia, having been colonel of the 8th Regi- ment. Under Jackson's administration he was ap- pointed postmaster at Chillisquaque. In addition to carrying on his hotel business he engaged in general farming. He first married Susan Spangler, by whom he had eight children, Elizabeth, ' Anna, Rachel, Sarah, Susan, William, George W., and one that died in infancy. The mother of these died in 1835, and the Colonel subsequently married a Mrs. Myer. Two children were born to that union, Mich- ael and Lewis. William, Michael and Lewis served in the Civil war. George W. Schroyer was given his primary train- ing in the "corner" district school near his early home, when a little older attended an evening writ- ing school, and rounded out his somewhat limited literary training witli a short term at a grammar school. At the age of eighteen he left home, walk- ing to Harrisburg, where he obtained a position which presented an opportunity for him to learn the printer's trade, in the office of a paper called The Keystone. He continued there imtil he had risen to the dignity of foreman. Mr. Schroyer was married, in 1845, to Anna E., daughter of J. B. Thompson, of Harrisburg, and in the fall of that year he bought the Columbia Spy, in Columbia, Lancaster county, which he sold, however, in about two years, returning to Harrisburg. There he re- mained until 1854, in which year he took charge of the Inland Daily, at Lancaster. In 1856 he took charge of the composing room of the Daily Express, a position he held until 1893, in whidi year his fail- ing health drove him out of the printing business into the open air. He bought the place he now occupies that year, from Dr. H. E. Muhlenberg, and there he still lives, mucli beloved and respected by all who know him. Mr. Schroyer has not only the honor of having conducted the first daily paper of Lancaster, in 1854, but he is also the pioneer florist of that place. His home place consists of seven acres, one and a half acres under glass. He commenced with vegetables and small fruits, but soon changed to his present line. In politics Mr. Schroyer was origin- ally a Democrat (like his father), supporting that .party until 1856, when, as he says, "all good Demo- crats turned Republicans." He and his wife hold membership in the Lutheran Church. Henry Albert Schroyer was born in Harrisburg Jan. 29, 1850, and spent his boyhood days in Lan- caster, where, after attending St. James' Parish school, he became a student in the high school. At the age of seventeen years he began his work as a florist with his father, and in 1888 opened a store on North Queen street, a few doors from his present location. When a year had elapsed he moved into his present quarters, where his business has steadily grown, and he now enjoys one of the most flat- tering patronages in the city. Henry A. Schroyer inherits his grandfather's interest in poHtics and is a stanch Republican. In 1878 he was elected to the common council from the Ninth ward, which was strongly Democratic, by a majority of three votes, a narrow margin, but enough. For the Young Republican Club he served a& chief marshal in every campaign from the organi- zation of that body to 1900, when he declined far- ther work in that Une. He has twice been a dele- gate to the Republican State Convention. Since 1S88 he has been a member of the board of school directors, and was re-elected for another term of three years in February, 1900. In November, 1900, he was elected treasurer of the Lancaster city school board, and was honored with re-election in 1901 and 1902. For eight years out of the nine in which he was a meniber of the committee on night schools, he served as its chairman. His work on this com- mittee did much to make these night schools efficient ^» xyc-^Ct^^^u^z^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 461 and useful. His best achievement in school work was the building of the splendid eight-room struc- ture on North Mary street and Harrisburg avenue, a result which required many years to effect; it is pronounced one of the finest eight-room school buildings in the State. Mr. Schroyer is a member and past grand of Herschel Lodge, I. O. O. F., the Elks in Lancaster, the Hamilton Club, the Young Republicans, and the Lancaster Maennerchor ; and is also very active in the Masonic fraternity, in which he has risen to .the thirty-second degree, holding membership in Lamberton Lodge, No. 479^ of which he was elected worshipful master for the year 1903; Chapter No. 43 ; Goodwin Council ; Lancaster Commandery, No. 13, K. T. ; Lancaster Lodge of Perfection, four- teenth degree, Harrisburg, of which he is a past officer; Council of the Princes of Jerusalem, six- teenth degree, Harrisburg; Rose Croix Chapter, eighteenth degree; and Harrisburg Consistory, thirty-second degree. In fraternity work, as in poli- tics, he is. earnest and enthusiastic, anything he un- dertakes being done with all his heart and soul. Henry Albert Schroyer was married, Oct. 2"^^ 1875, to Miss Anna V., a daughter of the late Sam- uel M. Myers, well known in planing-mill interests in Chambersburg. Both are members of St. John's Lutheran Church, in which they take a deep and substantial interest. SAMUEL AMMON (deceased) was for many years a leading citizen of Salisbury township. He was born Oct. 6, 1818, in Caernarvon township, Lancaster county, and his death took place at Gap, Pa., Oct. 23, 1901. His parents were Henry and Mary (Signer) Ammon. Henry Ammon, the father of Samuel, was a farmer in Lancaster county all his life. He died in 1836, at the age of forty-five years, his widow sur- viving until i860, dying at the age of sixty-two. They were buried at Morgantown and Pequea, re- spectively. Both parents were members of the Pres- byterian Church. The children born to this union were : Samuel ; John, deceased, who married Maria Speece; Sarah, who died young; Mary, deceased wife of David Ranck; William and Henry, twins, the former a retired farmer in Chester county, the latter operating a bakery in Gap and married to Jane Patten, born in Salisbury township, Sept. 19, 1835 ; George and Davis, twins, the former of whom is a carpenter in Salisbury township and the latter died young. On March 31, 1875, Samuel Ammon was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Arnold, born in East Earl township, daughter of Abraham and Lydia (Reel) Arnold, the former of whom was a black- smith in East Earl township. He died in 1844, his widow surviving until 1877, when she died at the age of seventy-four years; both parents of Mrs. Ammon were buried in Cedar Grove Church cem- etery, in East Earl township. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Arnold were: Sarah, the widow of George Ranck, of East Earl township ; Isaac, of East Earl township; Mary, also of East Earl; Gabriel, who died young; and Elizabeth, who is the widow of Samuel Ammon. For many years Mr. Ammon was employed by the great Pennsylvania Railroad as one of its con- tractors. He then resided in Lancaster, but in 1877 removed to Gap and for ten years operated the "Gap Hotel," which during his administration was one of the most comfortable hostelries in the place. In politics he was a staunch Republican. In his liberal way he contributed to the support of both Presbyter- ian and Methodist Churches, being a man of moral life, although not connected by membership with either religious body. Mrs. Ammon approved of his methods and is valued in both churches also. She is a very highly esteemed lady in this community and has a wide circle of warm friends. J. COMLY MAULE (deceased) was born in Chester county, Pk., but spent his active life in Cole- rain township, Lancaster county. He was the third son in a family of seven children born to Ebenezer and Sarah (Lee) Maule, four of whom are now liv- ing in Chester county ; Nathan, near Lenover ; Ben- jamin, near Doe Run; and Eljenezer and Abigail, who- are on the old homestead. Mary J., who mar- ried E. Phips, is now deceased; Zillah died in young womanhood. J. Comly Maule was reared in Chester county, where he attended the district school and boarding school for boys. In December, 1857, he was mar- ried to Miss S. Emma Clark, a daughter of George and Anna (Taylor) Clark. Mr. Clark lived for a number of years on his farm in Doe Run, Chester county, and then moved into Westchester, where he lived retired until his death in i860. His first wife died a few years after their marriage, while Mrs. Maule was still a child, leaving one son and one daughter. The son, William, went to Denver, Colo., when a young man, and won for himself a good standing in the business circles of that city, where he died in 1900, leaving a widow and two children, Howard Taylor and Myrtle,. both of Denver. George Clark married for his second wife, Hannah Bailey, who bore him two children : Edward, who is in Lead- ville, Colo. ; and Mary, who married William Glenn, of Chester county, and is now dead. Mrs. Maule was bom in September, 1835, at the old Clark home- stead in Chester county, and received her education in the Kennett Square schools. Throughout his active life, Mr. Maule was en- gaged in farming, dairying and stock-raising. After marriage, he and his wife settled near Avondale, Chester county, where he was engaged in farming for four years. For two years they lived in Little Britain, and then in 1864 he bought the property where his family are now living. He added to it some very substantial improvements, and it was at the time of his death one of the most desirable 462 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY places in that region. The Society of Friends found a warm place in his heart, as it was his ancestral faith, and he rigidly adhered to its teachings in all his associations with the world, taking always a deep interest in the advancement of the community in gen- eral and those of his own faith in particular. For many years his pacific principles and sense of justice made him an arbitrator for the combative in his neighborhood. To Mr. Maule and his wife were born the fol- lowing children: (i) George C, born in 1858, was reared at the home, and educated in the Union Acad- emy, of Lancaster coimty. He married Clara Brin- ton, and resides on a farm in Chester county, where he is known as a prosperous and successful farmer. They have four children, WiUard Norman, Mary Anna, Walter W. and Charles E. (2) Anna H., born in 1859, married Allison Baker, of Smyrna, where Mr. Baker is engaged in farming. Mrs. Baker was a student in the State Normal at Millersville. (3) Walter bom in 1861, married Miss Lizzie R. Lam- born, of Lancaster county, and for some years was engaged in the milling business at Puseyville. Later in life, he purchased a mill in Colerain township, which he carried on until his death in 1892, leaving a widow and no family. (4) Emma Z., born in Lan- caster county, in 1864 (the first three members of this family having been born in Chester county) married John Chamberlain. They reside near the Chester county line. (5) Charles E., born in 1866, married Miss Hannah Jackson, of Christiana, and has his home in Sadsbury township, where they have four children, James W., Comly, William L. and Alice. (6) Norman Comly, born in 1873, was edu- cated at Octoraro Academy and in the Westchester State Normal. Since the death of his father, he has taken the management of his mother's affairs upon himself and stands very high in the estimation of the people of the neighborhood. (7) William M., born in 1876, was a student at the Westchester Nor- mal where he prepared for college, and then en- tered Swarthmore College. The following year he took a special course in biology in the Pennsylvania University. He is a graduate of Cornell Univer- sity class of 1902, and has made a reputation for him- self as a scholar and a thinker wherever he has at- tended, .being at the front in all the branches at the college. x\fter graduating from Cornell he was ap- pointed by the U. S. Government to study the forests of the North West, and later was appointed Forestry Inspector of the Philippine Islands, a position which he is eminently fitted to fill. Mr. Maule for a long time was closely identified . with the Republican party, but in his later life was a strong Prohibitionist. For many years he held the position of school director. Mrs. Maule and her family belong to the Society of Friends. Her children are a source of comfort to her, as they were to her departed husband in his declining years. He passed away May 28, 1901, at the age of almost seventy years. ADAM REESE STAMY, principal of the Lemon street school, Lancaster, is related to two of Pennsylvania's oldest and best known families, both remarkable for their longevity. Henry Stamy, grandfather of Adam R., was a farmer in Franklin county. Pa., and having re^ moved to Leesburg, Cumberland county, died there at the age of eighty-six years. His son, John F., in early life was a teacher in Franklin county, but moving to Cumberland county, Pa., h€ became a minister in the Baptist Church, and is now elder of that district. He married Emily Reese, daugh- ter of Adam Reese, one of the early farmer settlers of Cumberland county, and who passed from earth at the patriarchal age of ninety-four years. To Rev. John F. and Emily (Reese) Stamy were born eight children, of whom we have record of seven : Cath' erine, at one time a teacher, now wife of Frank Mc- ■ Cleery, a farmer of Altenwald, Franklin county;- Adam R., of whom full mention will be made farther ' on ; Harry C, a farmer near Chambersburg, Franks lin county; Miss Alice C, living at the old Grand- father Reese home at Leesburg, Cumberland coun- ty; John F., Jr., who died March 5, 1900; D. K., principal of a public school in. New York City; and: Emma, a teacher at Ridley Park, Delaware Co., Pa. Of these, D. K., after graduating , in the scientific course at the State Normal School at Millersville, and from Neff's School of Oratory, Philadelphia, . became a lecturer at teachers' institutes, lecturing before he was twenty-two years old ; he is now only thirty-three. Emily (Reese) Stamy, mother of the above named children, died May 5, 1901. Adam Reese Stamy was born Aug. 24, 1856, at Leesburg, Cumberland county, and after receiving a partial education in the public schools of his dis- trict attended the State Normal School at Millers- ville for a time, and then took a course at the Cum- berland Valley State Normal, finishing his course in the graduating class of 1874, although leaving the institute before graduation to accept a very desira- ble position in the Mt. Holly Spring schools. There he remained until 1878, coming thence to Lancaster, and after teaching the Rohrerstown graded school for three years he was elected principal of the Lem- on street school, a position he has ever since held with honor to himself and profit to his pupils. Hun- dreds of boys have been prepared, by him for the high school of Lancaster, and the building, which was originally two-storied, with eight rooms, when he took charge of it, has now three stories, with twelve rooms. In 1878 Mr. Stamy was married to Miss Flor- ence C. Munson, daughter of Ralph Munson, a farmer of Litchfield county, Conn., and grand- daughter of Capt. Norman Munson, whose ances- tors came over in the "Mayflower." To this union were born children as follows : Maude M., a grad- uate of the Girls' High School, Lancaster, now Mrs. Walter Edward Fraim ; J. Ralph, a graduate of the Boys' High School, Lancaster, also of the Pennsyl- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER. COUNTY 463 vania Business College, and now occupying a posi- tion in the Lancaster County National Bank; and Mary, attending school. In religious faith Mr. Stamy is a Moravian, for three years serving as trustee of the Moravian Church at Lancaster, and as superintendent of the Sunday school four years. For fourteen, years he was secretary of the Lancaster County Teachers' Institute, and when the City Teachers' Institute was organized, several years ago, he was elected secre- tary of that body, a position he yet holds. As a member of the County Institute he served on the committee on Permanent Certificates. In addition to his principalship of the Lemon street school he has been a teacher in the Boys' Chestnut Street Night school for sixteen years, during some twelve years of which he was principal. He was one of the organizers of the now famous Pennsylvania Chau- tauqua, and was a member of its board of managers, and for three years was statistical secretary of same. In politics Mr. Stamy is an ardent Republican, and, while teaching in Rohrerstown was president of the Republican Club there, which same club took an active part in the Garfield campaign^ ' ELIAS. BEAR, who is now living retired, is one of the leading citizens of Manheim township, and his pleasant and hospitable home at Oregon is one of the most inviting and hospitable residences in that country of open doors and generous welcome. Mr. Bear was born in Warwick township, Jan. 3, 1839, a son of Samuel and Fredricka (Sheidley) Bear, and a grandson of Samuel Bear, who was born in England,. Feb. 5, 1762, and and died Oct. 23, 1823. The grandfather located at what is now Oregon, and became one of the leading citizens of that part of the county. The village of Oregon was founded by him, where he erected the hotel which later passed into the management of his son, John. The original Samuel Bear was three times married, and by his first wife he had one son, Jacob, who be- came a gun smith. By his second marriage he was the father of three children: Peter, a gunsmith; John a hotel keeper at Oregon; Elizabeth, who never married, and who lived at Frederick City, Md. By his third marriage he became the father of five children: Samuel, the father of Elias Bear; Isaac, a gunsmith, who died at Reading, Pa. ; Anthony, a shoe maker, who spent his later years in Maryland and in Virginia, where he died; Rial, who married Samuel Buchen, of West Earl township; Barbara, wife, of William Kahr. Samuel Bear, the father of Elias, was born Jan. 15, 1804, at Oregon, and died April 4, 1875. When young he learned the trade of a gunsmith, at which he worked until he was some fifty years of age, when he turned to farming,, and passed his last years in Manheim and Warwick. His religious associations were with the Lutheran Church. His wife was born in Germany, Jan. 19, 1810, and came to this country when a- child. Her death occurred Jan. i, 1885. To Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Bear carne Adam, born Nov» 17, 1828, deceased; Sarah, born Sept. i, 1832, the wife of John Grube, of Bloomfield, Pa., Frank, who lives at Canal Fulton, Ohio, a carpenter by trade; Frederick, born Oct. 22, J 835, a carpenter in Ore- gon; Samuel, born Oct. 19, 1837, living in Stark county, Ohio ; Elias, born Jan. 3, 1839 ; Salinda, born in 1 84 1, the widow of Martin Kellingberger, and living at the corner of James and Lewis streets, Lan^ caster; Henrietta, born Dec. 10, 1844, late wife of Edward Cannon, of Canal Fulton, Ohio ; Eliza, born Oct. 7, 1846, who died in childhood; Fannie, born Feb. II, 1848, unmarried and living in Manheim township ; Isaac, born Aug. 9, 1850, residing in Lan- caster, where he is a carpenter; Catherine Amelia, born Jan. 7, 1852, the widow of Jeremiah S. Reed, who makes her home with her brother, Elias. Mr, Reed died June 16, 1890, in the fortieth year of his age; he was a carpenter by trade, but in his later years was a bridge inspector for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. Mrs. Reed has the following, children: .Phoebe. Ann, of Lancaster; Samuel N., a cigar maker in Oregon, who married Miss Bertha Buchen, and is the father of one child, Olive ; Oliver, who resides in Lancaster City ; Clayton, a farmer in Manheim township ; Amelia, of Lancaster. Elias Bear was reared on the farm and educated in the common schools. When a lad fifteen years of age, he began caring for himself, working on a farm for wages. When the Civil war broke out, he was twenty-one, and in August, 1862, he enlisted in Co. C, I22d P. V. I., being mustered out in 1863, after the expiration of his term of nine months' en- listment ; he was at the front all the time, participat- ing in the battles of Fairfax Court House, Fred- ericksburg and Chancellorsville, escaping without a scratch, though he was a gallant fighter and never shunned danger. After bis return from the war, he rented a farm of seventy acres in Manheim township. For twenty-three years he rented this place of one man, Mr. Rudy, and when that gentleman died, he purchased it. Until 1897 he was continuously en- gaged in its cultivation. That year he retired to Oregon to a pleasant home he had already bought, and where he is now taking a well earned rest. Mr. Bear was married Dec. 26, 1869, to Lucy, a daughter of Isaac Sowers, born in West Earl town- ship, at Groffdale, June 28, 1842, and died Dec. 9, 1899. She was a member of the Lutheran Church, as is also her husband. Mr. Bear has taken his place among the leading men of the township, and his long and useful life shows the quality of genuine manhood. CHRISTIAN H. KAUFFMAN (deceased) was born Aug. 26, 1839, a son of Christian and Eliz- abeth (Hoffman) Kauffman, of West Hempfield township, where he was reared and educated in the common schools. When he was twenty-seven he began operations for himself, locating about a mile east of Landisville, on the farm where his life was 464 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY spent, and where his widow still lives. This at first was a farm of 104 acres ; it now contains only eighty acres, but is regarded as one of the pleasantest places in that part of the county. Mr. and Mrs. Kauffman made many valuable im- provements on this farm, putting up a fine residence and other farm buildings, and the farm received the close attention of Mr. Kauffman. He was a man who was very domestic in his habits, and preferred the comforts of home to all the pleasures of the out- side world. In his religions associaitions he was a member of the River Brethren in Christ. Mr. Kauffman was married Oct. 23, 1866, to Barbara, a daughter of John and Maria (Kauffman) Kendig, who was born iti East Hempfield township, near the "Black Horse Hotel," July 20, 1846. His death occurred Jan. 2, 1893, and during the period of their married life they were more than usually faithful and devoted to each other. To this union came the following children: Morris, now living on the homestead, married to Miss Emma Baker, and the father of the following, D. Baker, May B., C. Raymond! and J. Harold; Mary K., the wife of Amos H. Herr, of Neffsville, and the mother of C. Kauffman, Paul and Grace ; Lizzie, the wife of Enos Hcissey, making their home with Mrs. Kauffman; Emma, who died at the age of eight years. Mrs. Kauffman and her daughters are members of the River Breth-ren in Christ, and are very highly esteemed in the community in which they live. JOHN ABRAHAM SPRENGER, one of the prominent retired citizens of Lancaster, was born Jan. 26, 1829, in an old log cabin which still stands, on Fourth street, near Penn street, in Reading, Pa. John A. Sprenger, his father, was born in the Rheinpfalz, Bavaria, Germany, July 5, 1770, and emigrated to America in May, 1821, locating in Read- ing, Pa., where he carried on a butchering business until March, 1829, when he embarked in the brewing business, in Maytown, this county. Two years later he removed to Elizabethtown, where he remained until 1836, going then to Lancaster, in which city he rented a brewery from his brother-in-law, John Borell, and continued in the brewing business until obliged by the infirmities of old age to cease work. His very capable wife managed the business from 1843 to 1867. Mr. Sprenger died Aug. 28, 1854. He married Elizabeth Laner, who was born in Gleis- weiler, Rheinpfalz, March 22, 1800, and died in Oct. 1875. Both were buried in the Lancaster cemetery, and both were members of the Reformed Church. The children born to them were as follows i Susan (deceased) married Henry Weber; Elizabeth mar- ried Jacob Yeisley, of Baltimore: Jacob, who re- sided in Atlanta, Ga., was born in RJeading in 1825, and died Dec. 2, 1902 ; Christiana married Edward Wiley, of Lancaster ; John A. is mentioned below ; Catherine married (first) Charles Whidmayer, and is now the widow of Lawrence Knapp; Barbara married Ernst Krause, a retired brewer of Car- lisle; Martha is the widow of Charles Connell, of Philadelphia; Anna married F. R. Dieffenderfer, of Lancaster; Louise died unmarried, at the age of sixty-two years; George F. Sprenger, born Ja-n^ 6, 1842, died April 17, 1888 (he married Emma Ziglor, of Carlisle) ; Amelia married William Roehm, of Lancaster. From the age of ten years until his retirement John Abraham Sprenger was associated with the brewing business. Fifty consecutive years, is a long period to devote to one business, but for a half century Mr. Sprenger gave his time, attention and energy to his large brewing- interests. To improve the quality of his products, to decrease the cost of their production, to extend the territory of their distribution, required a man of great physical strength and mental activity. Although he assisted his father in the business in his youth, it was in 1852 that he entered upon the business, with his brother, Hon. Jacsob J. Sprenger, this partnership lasting for eighteen monfiis. John A. then started out on his individual career. He began by leasing a brewery, and two and one-half years later built a similar establish- ment for himself, on East King street (on the site of the present Excelsior Hall building), which he carried on from 1857 to 1873. Then he leased a brewery from Philip Fraink, c^ Mt. Joy, making an agreement to purchase the same if desirable. This he did in 1883, and expended in refitting and building the sum of $ioo,^*.:z> BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 469 then fiercely raging against the Mennonite Church in his native land. He settled in Earl township, and his descendants have been land owners there for generations. John Sensenig, the grandfather of George R., was a lifelong miller, and was born in Lancaster county. His son. Christian, was also a miller, was born near Terre Hill, in East Earl township, in 1773, and died in 1864. His wife was Susan, a daughter of Christian Rutt, a farmer in East Earl township, and to this union fifteen children were born, of whom four are living : Levi, a cat- tle dealer of Lancaster ; Harry R., a farmer of Co- calico township; Mattie, the widow of Martin M. Sensenig, late of Goodville, Lancaster county, and head of the Sensenig hardware company, one of the most extensive concerns of its kind outside of the big cities; George Rutt. George Rutt Sensenig was born in East Earl township in 1846, and was educated in the local dis- trict school, which he left when thirteen years old to go into his father's mill, where he remained until his eighteenth year, when his father died. At that time he left the mill and entered the butcher trade, which he fully learned, and then engaged in the cat- tle business, soon being recognized as a most relia- ble dealer. On Aug. 21, 1900, Mr. Sensenig pur- chased the extensive business of George J. Rutt, on North Duke street. Here he is engaged in a most successful meat business, with his abattoirs at No. 465 Holland avenue, and his patrons include many of the best families of the city. Mr. Sensenig married Sarah, daughter of David Fry, a noted tanner of Ephrata. Mr. Sensenig is a member of the Holy Trinity Lutheran Church, and is a Master Mason. In his politics he is an ardent Republican, and has attended as a delegate the coun- ty and other conventions, and had the honor of being a delegate to the national convention that nominated General Harrison for a second term. Mr. Sensenig is an honorable and upright man of lofty impulses, and has a host of friends. SAMUEL L. KAUFFMAN, a resident of Kin- zers, Lancaster county, was born near Allensville, Mifflin Co., Pa., in 1830, and there he lived until he was nine years of age, receiving the most of his education in that period of his life. Jacob ICaufffnan, the great-grandfather of Sam- Bel L., was born in 1737, the exact date and location riot being known. His son, Christian Kauffman, was born June 25, 1764, at what is known as Chester Valley, Chester Co., Pa. The father of Samuel L. Was born Sept. 15, 1797. The grandfather lived at this point during the Revolutionary war, and on one occasion the opposing armies drew very close to this place. The Kauffmans were notified by Gen. Washington that a battle was likely to take place on that very farm. This kind act was repeated by the great American, and other families in the neigh- borhood were notified to remain in, the cellar during the battle, as they were between the contending armies. The next morning the valley was swept by a severe storm, and the expected battle did not take place. Christian Kauffman moved to Mifflin county, Pa., in 1802, where he made his home. The father of Samuel L. Kauffman was married in 1819 or 1820 to Sarah Lapp, and to this union were born six boys and three girls: John Kauflfman, born Sept. 19, 1821; Gideon, March 28, 1824; Jonathan, Dec. 10, 1826; Samuel L., Jan. 24, 1830; Elizabeth, Sept. 1 1, 1832, married to Jonathan F. Stoltzfus ; Michael L., Dec. 7, 1834; Christian L., Feb. 5, 1838; Nancy, Nov. 29, 1840, who married Jacob Stoltz- fus and was killed by a train at a railway street- crossing near Bird-in-Hand ; Sarah, Dec. 24, 1843, wife of Amos Mast. From Mifflin county the family moved to Union county. Pa., in 1839, and nine years later made their home near Paradise, Lancaster Co., Pa., where the father died Sept. 15, 1879; he was eighty-two years old; his wife, who was born Jan. 15, 1801, died Nov. 22, 1879. Samuel L. Kauffman grew to manhood under the parental roof, was married Feb. 3, 1857, near Gap P. O., Lancaster county, to Barbara Stoltzfus, and at first was engaged in farming. In 1864 he went into a business of selling agricultural implements, and was later engaged in the hardware business un- der the «ame of Kauflfman & Livingston. This partner was Benjamin B. Livingston, a brother of judge John B. Livingston. Mr. and Mrs. Samuel L. Kauffman had no chil- dren, and in the fall of 1857 they took into their home two orphan children, a brother and sister, William D. and Mary Jane Skiles. The boy died when ten years old, and the sister married John Kessler, a coach maker at Kinzers. The Kauffman home next became an asylum for Harry McNelley, a boy of nine years of age, without education or moral training. He was of a roving disposition, but under the kindly atmosphere of this beautiful home and the motherly spirit of Mrs. Kauffman his bet- ter nature bloomed and became marked. He was sent to day and Sunday-school, became a student of ! the Bible, was ordained a clergyman and is in charge of the United Brethren Church at Pottstown, Pa. Mr. and Mrs. Kauffman also took charge of a nephew, who was a deaf mute. They enfolded him in an atmosphere of love and eventually sent him to the Mute School at Philadelphia, where he remained ten years. He has become a man of culture, has married a mute, a school-mate, and is engaged in the seed business near Lancaster City. Another child taken into this hospitable home was Hallie M. Camp- bell, who was taken from the county home in 1895, when she was ten years of a;ge. She has become a bright and charming young girl, and is the great de- light of her foster parents. Mr. and Mrs. Kauffman are both members of the Amish Mennonite Church, and took an active part in the establishment of the Sunday-school at 470 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the Amish Millwood Church. The organization of the Sunday-school was opposed by many, but the persistence of Mr. Kauffman and others overcame the opposition, and brought the churches into line. Mr. Kaufifman was one of the building committee at the construction of the church in 1882, of which he has been one of the Trustees to the present time. Mr. Kauflfman has been associated with the Penn Mutual Fire Association since its formation, being successively agent, director and president of the As- sociation, being elected to this last position at the annual meeting in the fall of 1901. JACOB ROHRER, a retired farmer of Rapho township, was born in East Hempfield township Nov. 8, 1829, son of Daniel and Mary (Kreider) Rohrer, of Leacock and East Lampeter townships. Daniel Rohrer, the father, was also a farmer until thirteen years prior to his death, which oc- curred in January, 1897, at the advanced age of ninety-four years. His wife died in January, 1894, at the age of eighty-six years. The couple are buried in the East Petersburg cemetery. Mr. and Mrs. Rohrer were members of the Mennonite Church; for years he was a member of the school directory of this district. He was a man of prominence and large means. There were born to them the following children : John, a retired farmer residing at Landisville, Pa. ; Jacob ; Daniel, a farmer, living in Crawford county. Mo. ; Benjamin, who died in youth ; Abraham, de- ceased, a farmer ; Anna, wife of Abraham B. Miller, a retired farmer of Rohrerstown, Pa. ; Israel, who died in youth ; Hettie, who died at the age of thirty- one years, unmarried ; Isaac, a farmer of Marion county. Mo. ; Henry, who died in youth ; and Mary, wife of Isaac K. Stoner, a farmer of Petersburg, Pa. Jacob Rohrer's grandparents on his father's side were John and Hettie (Wenger) Rohrer, of Leacock township. John Rohrer, a farmer and carpenter, was born in 1779 and died at the age of eighty-six years. His wife was born in 1779 and died at the age of sixty- eight years. Both are buried in Leacock township. There were born to them the following children-: Benjamin; Maria, wife of John Musser; Daniel; Isaac ; Hettie, wife of Joseph Moyer ; Martin ; Ja- cob ; Michael ; Betsey, wife of Samuel Buckwalter : Israel; and Nancy, wife of Christian Stauffer. On his mother's side Mr. Rohrer's grandparents were John and Anna (Hoover) Kreider. of Lampeter and Warwick townships. Mr. Kreider was a farmer and died in Lampeter township, and his wife died in East Hempfield township. On Nov. 17, 1857, Jacob Rohrer was married to Miss Mary S. Kreider, of Lancaster, Pa. There have been born to this union the following children : Jacob K., a farmer of East Hempfield township, married to Amanda Stauffer, by whom he has had four children; Mary K., wife of Martin Nissley, a machinist of Landisville, Pa., with eight children; Daniel K., who died in youth; John S., living on the old farm in Rapho township, and married to Miss Lizzie Nissley, by whom he has had three children ; and Hettie K., who married Benjamin D. Peters, a farmer and machinist of Rapho township, and has had six children. Mrs. Mary S. (Kreider) Rohrer was born in East Hempfield township, died Dec. 20, 1898, at the age of sixty-two years, and is buried in Erissman's cemetery ; she was the daughter of Jacob and Mary (Sechrist) Kreider, of Lampeter township. Both her parents died in East Hempfield township. Jacob Rohrer lived with his parents until the time of his marriage, receiving in the meantime a good education in the schools of the district. Soon after the wedding he moved to the farm now owned by John S. Rohrer and remained there until 1894,. when he removed to his present farm, a very fine place. Mr. Rohrer is a prominent man in the town- ship, for eight years was school director and was township auditor for a period of three years. He is a Republican in politics and is greatly interested in the welfare of that party. Mr. Rohrer and his family are members of the Mennonite Church. The whole neighborhood rightfully regards Mr. Rohrer as a splendid specimen of the old-time Pennsylvania gentleman, and finds it a pleasure to meet and visit with him. ABRAHAM HERSHOUR, a resident of Fulton township, was born in Brecknock township, Lancas- ter county, April 6, 1825. He is a son of James and Hanna (Stcmian) Hershoui", natives of Bucks coun- ty and of German origin. James Hershour, the father, was a farmer by occupation and came to Lancaster county while yet a young man. He was a Republican in politics, but never sought office. He was of the Lutheran re- ligious belief and a devout member of that church. He was the father of nine children, all of whom are now dead, with the exception of Abraham and Su- san, the wife of Joseph Camra. Their names were Isaac, John, Henry, Joseph, Abraham, Elizabeth, Lydia, Susan and Samuel. Abraham Hershour was married to Miss Leah Able Oct. 21, 1852. She was the daughter of George and Catherine Able, of York county. Pa. This family also was of German origin. Mr. and Mrs. Hershour have been blessed with the following chil- dren: Jacob, born April 28, 1854, a farmer of Little Britain township ; Henry, born July 8, 1856, who died in youth ; Catherine, born Sept. 24, 1858, deceased; Matilda, born Dec. 8, 1859, the wife of Bar Caruth; Abraham, born May 13, 1863, residing in Lancaster; John, deceased; Franklin, born Jan. 24, 1864, residing in Chester county, Pa. ; Christian, born Aug. 19, 1869, residing on the home farm; Leah E., born Dec. 28, 1871, the wife of Caleb Mc- Fann ; and Mary A., born April 6, 1875, who married Charles Bradley and lives on the homestead with her parents. Mrs. Hershour was born Sept. 24, 1833. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 471 Mr. Hershour started in life a very poor boy, but by industry and frugality he is now the owner of a fine farm of 167 acrfes, well stocked and improved. He is a strong Republican in politics. He is a mem- ber of the Lutheran Church. Respected by all his friends and neighbors, Mr. Hershour stands in his community a citizen with whom it is both a pleas- ure and a benefit to be acquainted. f ' PETER E. HERSHEY, a .retired farmer of Leacock township, Lancaster eouirty, was born in Salisbury -township Teb. 5, 1826, and is a son of Abraham and Anna (Eby) Hershey, both of Salis- bury township. Abraham Hershey was a farmer, and spent his entire life in Salisbury township, where he died in January, 1843, ^t the age of fifty-six years, eleven months and two days. His widow, who long sur- vived him, went to her rest in February, 1896, at the age of ninety-five years, two months and fourteen days. Both were bufied in Hershey's burying ground in Salisbury township. They were the par- ents of two children : Margaret, who is the widow of Daniel Denlinger, and lives in Leacock town- ship ; Pelrer E., whose name appears above. Abra- ham Hershey was twice married, his first wife be- ing Naney Sechrist, who was the mother of Jacob S., who died in August, 1889, at the age of seventy- six years. Andrew Hershey, the pioneer representative of the family in this country, was born in Switzerland and came to America in 1719, with his two sons, Andrew and Benjamin, making their home near the present site of Lancaster. A third son. Christian, remained in Switzerland until 1739, when he also immigrated to Pennsylvania, where with his two brothers he became a preacher of the Mennonite Church. Andrew Hershey, who died in 1792, was the father of twelve children. Christian, John, An- drew, Benjamin, Jacob, Abraham, Isaac, Henry, Peter, Maria, Catherine and Adli. The paternal grandparents of Peter E. Hershey were Jacob and Anna (Newcomer) Hershey. They were both natives of Dauphin county, but moved into Lancaster county and spent their lives in Salisbury township. They had the following family : John ; Jacob ; Christian ; Elizabeth ; Abraham and Andrew, twins ; Joseph, a Mennonite bishop. The maternal grandparents of Mr. Hershey were Peter and Maragret (Hess) Newcomer, both natives of Lancaster county. Peter E. Hershey was married Dec. 5, 1848, m Lancaster, Pa., to Anna Landis. Born to this union were: Christian L., who died in his eighteenth year ; Anna, who married Amos Leaman, of Leacock township, and died at the age of twenty-five ; Henry ; Mafv, who married Esaias Denlinger, a farmer of Paradise township, and is the mother of four chil- dren; Landis, a farmer on the old homestead in Salisbury township, married, first, to Elizabeth Buckwalter, by whom he had one child, Harry, and, second, to Lizzie Leaman, by whom he had three children, Anna, Willis and Ruth. Mrs. Anna (Landis) Hershey was born in East Lampeter township in 1829, a daughter of Christian S. and Mary (Landis) Landis, of East Lampeter township. Her father, who was a farmer, died in East Lampeter township at the age of sixty-seven years, six months and nine days. His wife died June 8, 1865, at the age of fifty-seven years, three months and , twenty-five days. Both were buried in the cemetery connected with the Mellinger Church. They were members of the Mennonite Church. Mr. and Mrs. Christian S. Landis were the parents of the following family: Levi, who was a retired farmer, now deceased; Elizabeth, the widow of Peter B. Brubaker, living in Manheim township; Anna; Catherine, late wife of Christian S. Risser; Rev. John L., a clergyman of the Men- nonite Church, of East Lampeter township ; Hettie, the widow of Martin R. Herr, residing in Lea- cock township. The maternal grandparents of Anna (Landis) Hershey were Henry and Mary (Rohrer) Landis, both natives of Lancaster county. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Hershey were John and Bar- bara (Snaveley) Landis, both of Lancaster county. John Landis was twice married. Peter E. Hershey lived with his mother until his marriage^ when he moved to another farm, in Salis- bury township, where he remained until 1855, that year coming to his present farm. In the spring of 1878 he retired. For five times he was appointed as- sistant assessor, and was school director seven years, when he refused to serve longer in that position. Both husband and wife are members of the Mennon- ite Church. In politics he is a Republican, and holds an enviable position in the community, where he has many friends, won by his industry and hon- esty, and retained by his kindly character. SAMUEL WEAVER LANTZ, for many years a farmer in Lancaster county, was descended from a Swiss family of French extraction, one of whom settled in Connecticut. This latter day bearer of the name was born in Strasburg township, Lancas- ter county. Pa., Oct. 27, 1837, and died in Lancaster City April i, 1899. His parents, Jacob and Hettie (Weaver) Lantz, were also natives of this county, and they were married, lived for sixty-three years and died in the same house, during the same year, and at the same age. Jacob Lantz died in Septem- ber of 1883, his wife having passed away in July. 7 hey were eighty-three years old. They were mem- bers of the New Mennonite Church, and were the parents of seven children : Isaac, a farmer in Ches- ter county, Pa. ; Benjamin, deceased ; John, deceased ; Samuel Weaver ; Hettie, the widow of Martin Mey- ers, of Landisville, Pa. ; Anna, wife of John Trout, a farmer of Strasburg; and Leah, living in Landis- ville. From earliest vouth Samuel Weaver Lantz was^ 472 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY reared to an appreciation of the dignity and use- fulness of an agricultural life, and his inclinations never wandered from this peaceful means of liveli- hood. On Dec. 19, 1865, he married Maria Klein- hans, born in Strasburg, daughter of John Frederick and Amelia (Leistner) Kleinhans, natives, respect- ively, of Hanover and Brunswick, Germany. The fa- ther was born Oct. 3, 1808, and died at Lancaster in 1893 ; and the mother was born Jan. 13, 1825, and still lives in this city. John Fredrick Kleinhans was a blacksmith in his native land, but upon coming to Lancaster in 1840 worked for the Baldwin Locomo- tive Works for a few years, and then started in business for himself. Besides Maria, he had one son, Elias, a farmer in the York furnaces. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Lantz are : Amelia, the wife of Martin Shreiner, of Neffsville, Pa.; Harry, a molder at Mount Vernon; Anna, married to Henry Fritze, an electrician of Jersey City; Charles, married to Sadie Bubble and living in Phil- adelphia; Bertha, who married Dr. Benjamin F. Good, of Conestoga, Pa. ; Bessie, unmarried and liv- ing at home; Mary, also at home; and Alice, de- ceased at the age of seventeen years. During the Civil war Mr. Lantz served in Co. E, 79th Regiment, P. V., enlisting Sept. 21, 1861, and receiving his discharge Oct. I, 1864. He par- ticipated in thirteen battles, and was wounded in the hand, besides contracting rheumatism, from which he suffered all his life, and for which he re- ceived a pension. He was a member of the New Mennonite Church. He belonged to the Republi- can party and served as supervisor of Strasburg for three years. Mr. Lantz bore an enviable reputation in his neighborhood, his honesty of purpose and pub- lic spirit being unquestioned. AARON WEAVER, one of the most success- ful farmers of I^ancaster county, is a son of the late Isaac Weaver, who was born in East Lampeter township, and died at the city of Lancaster. Isaac Weaver was a son of Rev. Joseph Weaver, a Mennonite minister of Lampeter, and himself en- tered that communion early in life, remaining a de- vout and consistent member of the church until his death, which occurred in his sixty-ninth year. He was a man of intellect, good judgment and almost phenomenal energy. He was a large land owner, being the proprietor of three farms, all of which his progressive spirit and wide-awake ideas led him. to keep well improved. That on which he resided, where his children were born, and which is spoken of in the family as "the homestead," comprised 128 acres located in East Lampeter. Another of 185 acres situated some six miles west of Lancaster, was known as the Setter farm. The third, known as the Beam farm, was at Willowstreet ; there he erected a complete set of buildings. Besides mak- ing such extensive improvements on his own prop- erty he assisted two sisters in improving their prop- erty. When he had reached the age of sixty he retired to pass his declining years in rest. He erected a residence at No. 529 East King street, Lancaster, and there entered into rest Oct. 27, 1887. He mar- ried Catherine Barr, who survives him, and is now living, at an advanced age, with her daughter Mrs. John Girven, of Mechanicsburg. They were the parents of seven children : Mary, the eldest,- is the wife of John Girven, of Mechanicsburg, this county ;. Joseph B. lives at the old homestead in East Lam- peter ; Aaron is the subject of the present biograph- ical sketch; Benjamin F. is a farmer of Manor town- ship ; Milton L. is a miller and coal dealer in West Hempfield ; Elizabeth is deceased ; and Ephraim E., the youngest of the family, is a farmer in Manor. Aaron Weaver was born in East Lampeter March IT, 1856. He grew up on the old home farm, and after his father's retirement and removal to Lan- caster was employed for some two years by his brother-in-law, Mr. Girven. In 1882 he and his brother, Benjamin F., went to Manor' township, and settled on the Sener farm, to which reference has been already made,, renting the same from their fa- ther, who had purchased it from Jacob Landis. For three years the brothers occupied it jointly, and dur- ing this time they made some costly improvements, erecting a fine residence, with good, substantial barns and tobacco houses. It was conceded to be one of the finest, best improved and most efficiently managed farms in that part of the county. In 1885 their father divided the property equally between them, Aaron Weaver receiving the southern half. He has still further improved his portion, and every- thing about his jjlace tells of thrift, good sense, in- dustry and prosperity; While chiefly engaged in general farming, Mr. Weaver,, since 1892, has en- gaged extensively in tobacco growing and packing, in which his quick perceptive power and excellent business judgment have insured his success. Mr. Weaver was married, in November, 1889, to Miss Emma K. Landis, a daughter of Jacob S. Landis, of East Lampeter. She died in February, 1890. Mr. Weaver is a Republican in politics. AMOS WALTON (deceased) occupied a lead- ing position among the representative farmers of Fulton township, Lancaster county, not only on ac- count of his financial success, but also, and more especially, because of his genial personality and ex- cellence of judgment and character. His birth oc- curred Jan. 6, 1840, arid he was a son of Amos and Martha (Young) Walton. His grandfather was born in England, and came to this country at an early date. His family consisted' of Amos ( i ) , father of Amos (2), John, Jesse, Okum, Isaac, Elijah, Eliza and Emily. Amos Walton, Sf., was married Sept. 15, 1827, to Martha, daughter of John Young. To them came children as follows: Mahlon, born July 17, 1828, a farmer who resided in Martic township and died in 1897; Levi, born Dec. 7, 1830, who died young; Mary Ann, born Dec. 27, 1833^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 473. who married George Patten, of Martic town- ship, and died in 1896; Isaac, born Aug. 19, 1835, a resident of Mount Nebo, Martic township : Amos, our subject. Amos Walton was reared upon the farm, and received his ieducation in the public schools of the district. Starting out in life without a dollar, he began working at a salary of forty cents per day, yet before his death owned a fine farm of 190 acres, all in a good state of cultivation. Upon the place is a pleasant, three-story brick residence, commodi- ous barn, ample tobacco sheds and all necessary out- buildingSj and Mr. Walton was justly regarded as one of the best farmers in his part of Lancaster county. On Nov. 15, 1864; Mr. Walton married Miss Martha Alexander, who was born Dec. 2, 1841, daughter of John and Susan Alexander, of Martic township, of Scotch-Irish descent. Mrs. Walton was one of a family of eight children : Marris, who died while serving in the Civil war; Martha, the widow of Amos Walton; Mary Ann, married to Lewis Jenkins ; Jason, deceased ; Samuel, a mer- chant of Mount Nebo ; Rebecca Jane, wife of Harry Marsh, a merchant of Lancaster City, Pa. ; John, a farmer of Martic township; Calvin, deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Walton had two children : Isaac Jason, who was born March 4, 1866; and Lewis E., who was bom April 15, 1868, and died May 24, 1870. Amos Walton was a Democrat in politics. Kind to his family, honorable in all his dealings, a good neighbor and a public-spirited citizen, he was a man who enjoyed the highest respect and esteem of his fellow townsmen, and was an excellent ex- ample to the rising generation, a typical representa- tive of selfmade men. His death, which occurred Feb.27, 1902, was deeply lamented. Isaac Jason Walton married Anna Martha Wil- son, of Fulton township, on Aug. 25, 1887. She was born Oct. 24, 1864, daughter of Hiram and Martha (Phillips) Wilson. Four children came to them: Edgar Earl, born March 19, 1888; Amos Lester, born March 8, 1889; Edna Martha, born Nov. 2, 1891 ; and Mary Elma, born Feb. 9, 1902. Isaac Jason Walton now owns the farm where he resides with his family. JESSE HARNER, a highly esteemed retired farmer of Drumore township, now a resident of Lib- erty Square, in Lancaster county, was born in Mont- gomery county. Pa., Jan. 20, 1835, a son of Joseph and Mary (Slingluff) Harner, both of whom were natives of Montgomery county, he being of German, and she of Scotch-Irish ancestry. Grandfather John Harner was an old settler of Montgomery county and there reared this family: Daniel, Joseph, Heiirv, John, Samuel, Sarah, Susan, Anna and Elizabeth' Of this family Joseph be- came the father of Jesse Harner and was born in 1783, and died in 1870. In 1822 he was united in marriage to Mary SlingluflF, who was born in 1794 and died in 1849, the seven children of this union being: John S., whose sketch appears elsewhere; George, deceased ; Samuel A., whose sketch is given in another place ; Mary Ann, who married Thomas Cully (See sketch) ; Elizabeth, who married J. Har- rison Long and has passed away; Joseph, whose sketch is given elsewhere; and Jesse, the youngest of the family. Jesse Harner was reared on the farm and re- ceived his education in the public schools of his .lo- cality; he became more interested in agricultural pursuits than in any other line of activity, and this resulted in a life spent in operating his farm. One of the best farms in Martic township is owned by him, and he also possesses a nice farm and store prop- erty at Liberty Square, where he resides. Jesse Harner was married Jan. 3, i860, to Miss Mary E. Sides, of Martic township, whose death on Oct. I, 1885, brought grief to a large circle of friends. Her life was one of Christian excellence. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Harner were : Joseph G., born Dec. 14, i860, residing in Phila- delphia: Benjamin F., who died in youth; Harry, deceased ; Annie A., born April 25, 1867, the wife of Harry Rutter, of Philadelphia; and Clara E., born Oct. I, 1870, the wife of H. C. Ambler, of Liberty Square. In political circles Mr. Harner has always been a very active member of the Democratic party, and has efficiently served his township as school director. As one of the leading members of the Bethesda M. E. Church he has exerted a wide influence as trustee, steward, class leader and superintendent of the Sun- day-school. Mr. Harner is a man who is well known in this locality, and his upright life and char- acter are an excellent example. His voice and vote are always to be counted upon when questions arise concerning temperance, as he has been through life opposed to the use of either tobacco or strong drink. Mr. Harner enjoys the esteem of the township where his life has been passed. JAMES SWISHER, Sr., late a retired farmer of Colerain township, whose years and industry commanded the respect and esteem his character so well deserved, was born Feb. 22, 1820, his parents being Henry W. and Margaret (Meginness) Swisher. Henry W. Swisher was born in Colerain town- ship in 1794, and his wife, Margaret Meginness in 1788. She was an aunt of John F. Meginness, the originator of this work, and a daughter of James and Elizabeth (Fordham) Meginness. The Meginness family came from Ireland, and the Fordhams from England. Henry W. Swisher was the son of John and Rachel (Woodrow) Swisher, both natives of Balti- more county, Md., their ancestors finding a home in this country as early as 1701. They were of Ger- man origin ; John Swisher was the son of Henry, was born in Germany, and came to this country long 474 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY previous to the Revolutionary war. He settled in Colerain township as early as 1732, the title to his property running from William Penn. It is still in the hands of the Swisher family. It belonged first to Henry, then to John, and later to his son, Henry (2), the father of James, Senior. Henry W. Swisher was married in 1816 and made his home on part of the original purchase. He learned the trade of a weaver and followed it for many years. In his later life he bought a farm south of the home where James, Sr., afterwards re- sided, and lived there until his wife died, in 1862. He then .made his home with his son, James, until his own death in 1873. .Mr. Swisher was a Lutheran but his wife, Margaret, always adhered to her an- cestral faith, that of the Friends Society. In poli- tics he was what he loved to style himself, a Jack- sonian Democrat, and was called to office in the town at different times during -his life. To him and his good wife were born one son, and three daughters: (i) Elizabeth, born in 1817, married William HoUis, and settled in Bart township, where both died~on his farm home; two of their children are living: Will- iam, of Bart township, and Margaret E., who is now Mrs. Nelson Boyd, of Little Britain township. (2) Rachel, born in 1824, married Washington Swisher, and located in Colerain township, where she died in 1864, her husband surviving until 1899; they had four children : James ; Mrs. Elizabeth McCauley, of Quarryville; Henry, of Colerain township; and George W., also' of Colerain township. (3) Anna Ellen, born in May, 1830, married John Groff, and settled on one of the old homesteads, where she died in 1885 leaving eight children. (4) James. James Swisher was reared on the farm, where he received the benefits of a country school educa- tion, and remained on the home farm until thirty years of age. In 1842 he married Miss Margaret Everly, of Colerain township, who was born in Bart township, July 20, 1815. Her parents both died when she was a child, and she was reared in the home of Martha and Hannah McFarland. Mr. Swisher bought the home of of Benjamin McGinnis, where he lived some eight years, and then sold it. In i860 he purchased what was then known as the Samuel Smith home. It was a small place with a small frame house. He erected a large bank barn at once and a few years later built the present house. By purchasing adjoining tracts of land he secured a large farm, where he had a fine set of buildings. During his life time Mr. Swisher built three large barns on propert)'' owned by him. James Swisher and his wife had no children of their own but they adopted and reared Margaret L., a daughter of Adam and Angeline (Lovett) Walker. She was born near Conowingo, in Lancaster county, in 1858. Her father died when she was a mere child, and she was taken to James Swisher's where she was reared and educated as a child of the family. In 1883 she married James Swisher, Jr., a nephew of her fos- ter parents. They resided in the home of Mr. Swisher, where the younger man had charge of the farm, and took on his own sturdy shoulders much of the burden of the operation of the farm. To them have come two children, Rachel A., born in 1883, and Viella L., born in 1886. Mr. Swisher was always a Democrat. Mrs. Swisher is a Baptist and he was reared in the Luth- eran faith. Mr. Swisher was a man of more than ordinary ability, and, though given but a limited education, he read much, and expanded his mind with a knowledge of practical business affairs. While past eighty when he died, on May 27, 1902, his mind remained as bright and clear as ever. ISAAC H. KAUFMAN (deceased) was born in Petersburg, Lancaster county, Feb. 23, 1834, and died in Mountville Dec. 27, 1893* in the faith of the Mennonite Church. His parents, Isaac and Anna (Hess) Kaufman, of Lancaster county, were agricultural people, and both died on Turkey Hill, in Manor township — the father in 1886, at the age of eighty-four years, and -t-he mother in 1889, when eighty-two years old. Both were -members .of the Mennonite Church, and their remains were~1jur-ied-in Masonville, Lancaster county. To Isaac and Anna (Hess) Kaufman was born a family of ten children, viz. : John, a farm- er of Manor township ; Elizabeth, deceased wife of David Eshleman; Rudolph, of Manor township; Isaac H., whose name heads this sketch; Edward, of Lancaster township ; Catherine, wife of Benjamin Witmer, of Millersville ; Amos, a farmer of Martic- ville ; Jacob and Daniel, deceased ; and Anna, widow of Abraham Taylor, late of Millersville. Isaac H. Kaufman lived on the home farm until 1870, when he moved to Mountville and engaged in tobacco trade. He was the owner of three large farms, which he had cultivated by hired help, and he built, in 1868, the first tobacco warehouse in his neighborhood. On locating in Mountville he erect- ed the brick mansion now occupied by his family. He was one of the leading business men of the coun- ty, was progressive in all things and retrograde in nothing; was a director in the Columbia Na- tional Bank for many years, or until the Mount- ville Bank was organized, when he became president of the latter, and held that position until within a few years of his death, when he resigned to become a director. Isaac H. Kaufman was joined in matrimony in 1858, in Lancaster City, with Fanny Herr, and to this union was born the following family: Uriah H., a merchant of Mountville; Anna M., wife of Christ Garber, a farmer of Mountville ; Adeline, wife of Joseph Charles, farmer of Manor township ; Cath- erine, who died young ; Henry, a railroad conductor in Philadelphia ; and Frances, wife of John Musser, a retired farmer of Mountville. Mrs. Fanny (Herr) Kaufman is a native of Manor township and a daughter of Henry and Cath- erine (Herr) Herr, of Manor township, where the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 475 father was a farmer and died in 1885, at eighty-four years of age, and where the mother died in 1868; when fifty-nine years old. Both belonged to the German Baptist Brethren. To Henry and Cath- erine Herr was born the following family : Tobias, a retired farmer of Manor township, and a minister of the German Baptist Brethren; Mary, widow of Martin Bair, of Illinois; Henry, a farmer of Manor township, Lancaster county, Pa. ; Martha, wife of Nicholas Baker, of Sterling, 111. ; Amos, of Neflfsville, Pa., and a farmer; Fanny, now Mrs. Kaufman; Abraham E., a farmer of Petersburg; Catherine, who died young ; and Elizabeth, wife of Jacob Good, a re- tired farmer of Lancaster, and Christian, a tobacco merchant of the same city. The paternal grandpar- ents of Mrs. Kaufman were Christian and Mary Herr, and her maternal grandparents were Abraham and Catherine (Brandt) Herr — ^both families farm- ing people of Manor township, and none better known or more highly respected in the county. FRANK W. HELM, a merchant of New Prov- idence, is one of the leading citizens of Providence township and one of its most successful business men. He was born in Strasburg township Dec. 9, 1842, son of Daniel and Anna (Hoak) Helm, of New Providence, where the latter died in 1848. Daniel Helm, the father of Frank W., is a re- tired farmer of Providence, and a son of John Helm, also a farmer, who was a son of John; this great- grandfather came of German parentage and fol- lowed the trade of shoemaker in this locality for many years. Daniel Helm married (first), in 1838, Anna Hoak, and the children of this union were as follows : John H., a resident of Iowa ; Frank W. ; Amos H., a physician of New Providence ; and Mary, who resides with her aged father. After the death of his first wife, in 1848, Daniel Helm married Miss Susan Eckman, of Strasburg township, and to this union were bom the following children: Daniel E., a merchant of East Drumore township; Enos M., of New Cumberland, Pa. ; J. Calvin, of Steel- ton, Pa. ; Charles E., a physician of Bart township ; Elmer E., in Lancaster ; Thaddeus G., A. M., princi- pal in Franklin-Marshall Academy, in Lancaster; and Rufus D., of Seattle, Washington. Frank W. Helm was reared on the farm and attended the public schools. At the age of seven- teen, in i860, he became a clerk in the employ of J. Hilderbrand, in New Providence, and later he was connected in the same capacity with John Tweed and Dr. Raub, entering into a partnership with the latter. Upon the death of Dr. Raub the firm name became Helm & Peoples, continuing thus for a period of five years, changing then to Helm & Raub, and again, five years after, to Helm & Bro., this partnership lasting until Frank W. Helm bought his brother's interest and took his son into the busi- ness. The firm now stands F. W. Helm & Son, and is a leader in its line in this locality, trusted in the trade and enjoying the patronage of the general pub- lic. The foundation stone of the success of this firm has been business integrity, and the same meth- ods regulate its conduct now that have been in opera- tion ever since Mr. Helm assumed charge. In 1863 Mr. Helm was made postmaster of New Providence, and has been the incumbent ever since, with the ex- ception of the years of the administration of Presi- dent Cleveland. He has always enjoyed the confi- dence of his fellow citizens and has for twenty-six years served his township as auditor, a post he is at present filling. Under the organization of the Quarryville National Bank, in 1883, Mr. Helm was one of the directors ; after the death of President Hensel he was elected to that responsible position, and since that time the financial condition of this in- stitution has commanded commendation and its posi- tion as a safe repository is well known. In politics Mr. Helm is a stanch Republican, and wields considerable influence in his part of the coun- ty. He belongs to the Reformed Church, is its effi- cient Sunday-school superintendent and one of its honored elders. On Sept. 18, 1867, Mr. Helm was married to Miss Emma Lefever, of Quarryville, daughter of Christian and Susan Lefever, and to this union four children were born, namely: Justus C, who mar- ried Miss Minnie Peters, of Quarryville, and is associated with his father in the mercantile business in New Providence; Susan Catherine, the wife of Dr. B. F. Wentz, of Philadelphia ; E. Blanche, the wife of William Fisher, of Quarryville, a saddler; and Pauline, a young lady at home. Although Mr. Helm is now one of the substantial men of his township, he began his business career with limited means, but having always closely applied himself to his business, saved his money and won his friends by honesty, industry and courtesy, he is now reaping the reward and enjoying the esteem of his fellow citizens and the comforts assured by ample means. His charities have been large and his kind treat- ment of others well-known, while his example has been of value, showing the power of an exemplary life. HENRY S. BRUBAKER, a retired farmer of Rapho township, was born there July 2, 1836, son of Peter and Mary (Strickler) Brubaker, of the same township. Peter Brubaker, the father, died Feb. 9, 185 1, aged fifty years, and the mother died in 1874 at the age of sixty-six years. They are buried in the Eriss- mans Church cemetery, to which place their remains were removed from the old Brubaker homestead in Rapho township. The mother was a member of the Mennonite Church. There were born to this union : Abraham, who married Susan Miller of Rapho township and died in i8Sg ; and Henry S. Mr. Bru- baker's grandparents were Abraham and Maria (Erissman) Brubaker, of Rapho, Lancaster county, both of whom died on the old homestead. Abraham Brubaker, son of Jacob, was of Swiss stock. On his 476 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY molher's side Mr. Brubaker's grandparents were Abraham and Maria (Hostetter) Strickler, of Lan- caster county, the family being of Swiss origin. Abraham Strickler was the son of Ulrich Strickler. On May 6, i860, Henry S. Brubaker married Anna Brubaker of Lancaster. There- were born to this marriage : Benjamin F., who resides with his father, is married to Miss Macie Noll and has four children; Peter S., a farmer of Rapho township, married to Miss Katie Keener, and a preacher in the Zion's Children (Brinser) denomination; Elmer E., of Petersburg,- Pa., married to Miss Louisa Ereneman; Henry A., farmer of Rapho township, who married Miss Fanny Ginder and has three chil- dren ; and Abraham G., single, at home. Mrs. Bru- baker was born in Rapho township and died in 1895 at the age of fifty-five years. She is buried in Eriss- man Meeting House cemetery. She was the daugh- ter of Benjamin and Maria Brubaker of Rapho township. The family are members of the Menno- nite church. Mr. Brubaker owns three farms, all of which are valuable and highly improved. He is a shrewd, wide-awake man, thoroughly up with the times and a close student of events. He is highly respected as a citizen and is always ready to lend a helping hand to any improvement for the advancement of the com- munity in which he resides. REV. EMIL MEISTER, the honored and be- loved pastor of St. Stephen's Lutheran Church, Lancaster, is one of the foremost clergymen of the city, and is as prominent in social and educational work as he is in the church. Mr. Meister was born in Freiburg, Baden, Ger- many, May 18, 1850, a son of Samuel E. and Bar- bara Meister, natives of the same grand duchy, where the father was a silk merchant in Freiburg until 1854', when he emigrated to Switzerland. Both Samuel E. Meister and his wife entered into rest years ago, faithful to the faith of Luther. Rev. Emil Meister spent his boyhood days in Switzer- land, and his literary and classical education was pursued in the Polytechnical College of Zurich, and the University of Heidelberg; from which he was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1868. For some two years after graduating he was engaged in business with his father, and came to this country to settle at Reading, where for a time he was connected with the Pilger Publishing House, and was engaged as editor of the Kutztown Journal. In 1872 Mr. Meister removed to Baltimore, as one of the publishers of the Baltimore Daily Weaker, the only Republican daily paper in the State of Maryland. In 1875 he again took up the study, of theology, gratifying a long cherished ambition to devote himself to the ministry. He was ordained by the Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Maryland in May, 1880, and his first pastoral charge was the First Evangelical Church of Baltimore. In August, 1880, he received a call to St. Stephen's Church, in Lancaster, which he accepted, and at once began a work which has been creditable and successful. St. Stephen's Church was organized in 1874, and the erection of a building was begun, which, how- ever, was not completed for some time, the services being held in the lecture room. This was the con- dition of affairs that greeted the young pastor on his arrival in 1880. His inspiring services put heart into the congregation, and the church was pushed to completion and dedicated the following spring. Later on a fine pipe organ was placed in the church. The building is 49x75 feet in dimensions,' and 172 feet to the top of the steeple. From a mere handful of people that received Mr. Meister, the congrega- tion has grown to four hundred members, and is to-day one of the most influential in the city, the Sunday-school also being correspondingly increased. The parsonage of St. Stephen's Lutheran Church, at No. 44.5 West Orange street, which is used as family residence only, is one of the finest in the city; In- January of this year (1903) Rev. Mr. Meister gave out a contract for a new church and parsonage at the comer of Ross and Ann streets, a new section of the growing city of Lancaster. This new church will be St. Matthew's Lutheran' Church, and when finished will be a mission of St. Stephen's Church, and also under the auspices of Rev. Mr. Meister. In 1871 Rev. Emil Meister was married in Read- ing to Miss Amelia Kleinschmidt, a native of Prus- sia. Of this union four children were bom: (i) Wilhelmina died in Lancaster in 1886, at the age of eleven years, and was buried in the family bury- ing-ground in Reading. (2) Catherine is second in the order of birth. (3) Samuel E., after graduat- ing in pharmacy, purchased goods and opened a drug store on West King and Mulberry streets, Lan- caster, in 1888, and two years later bought a second drug store at the corner of West Chestnut and Mary streets, conducting both with marked success. He was married July 15, 1900, to Miss Gertrude Wit- mer, who belongs to a prominent family in Para- dise township. (4't Mary, who graduated from the Lancaster high school in 1895, and later from the State Normal at Millersville, is a popular teacher of one of the Lancaster city schools. In 1894 Rev. Mr. Meister was elected a mem- ber of the board of school directors of Lancaster,, and soon made his influence felt as he did in the church, having served on the Visiting, Night School and School Laws committees. Rev. Meister is a prominent Mason, and is a member of the Linneah Society, of Lancaster. With all his labors of debt raising and church expansion in his parish Rev. Mr. Meister has found time to do a large amount of literary work. He is the publisher of St. Stephen's Church Messenger, and of a monthly magazine called the Family Friend. _ Clear and concise in his utterances, grace- ful in diction, and endowed with fine powers of ora- tory, Mr. Meister is exceedingly popular as a min- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 477 ister, lecturer and pulpit orator. His illustrated lec- tures on "Ben Hur" and on "The Great National Tragedy and Death of President William McKin- ley" won popular favor to a marked degree. No church in Lancaster holds more closely the affec- tions of the community. Mr. Meister is an indefatig- able worker, and his work is far-reaching. Great in- deed have been his labors in the city, and hosts of friends and admirers express ardent hope that he may long be spared to enjoy the fruits, of his ef- forts. GEORGE LEFEVER. Prominently identified with the farming and dairy interests of Lancaster county, and more particularly with those of Eden township, is George Lefever. Mr. Lefever was born in this county, in West Lampeter township, Sept. 15, 1839, and his parents were George and Christianna (Forry) Lefever, both of whom were born in this county, the former in January, 1803, and the latter in 1805. George Le- fever, the father, was a son of Jacob and Catherine (Meek) Lefever, both of whom were born in Lan- caster county, although their .ancestry was French Huguenot. Grandfather Jacob Lefever was a son of Isaac Lefever, the founder of the American branch of the family and a Revolutionary hero. A family of seven children was left by Jacob Lefever, and George was the eldest of the children ; the others were as follows : (2) Jacob, who moved in his youth to Wayne county, Ohio, and there reared a family; (3) Elizabeth, married to Daniel Lefever, who settled in Quarryville and died there, leaving a family of four children; Catherine, who married Daniel D. Hess, of Quarryville ; Lydia, deceased wife of Ben- jamin Witmer; Samuel, deceased; and Anna, wife of Henry Lefever, of West Drumore ; (4) Philip, ' who was born in Lampeter township, married, and at death left these children, — Adam, who is a resident of Sterling, 111. ; Emma, the widow of Jacob Mow- rer, deceased; John, who lives in West Lampeter township ; Edmund, also a resident of West Lam- peter; and Elizabeth, who married Samuel Shultz, of Nebraska; (5) Katie, who died unmarried; (6) Samuel, who is one of the esteemed residents of this county, having reached the age of eighty-four years ; (7) Lydia, deceased, who married John Houser, of West Lampeter township. George Lefever (i) after his father's death set- tled on the original family homestead, this property being left him by his father. His life was a quiet, uneventful one, engaged in agricultural pursuits, and he lived there until his death, in 1886, his wife hav- ing died two years previously. Both were worthy and consistent members of the Old Mennonite Church, were upright. Christian people, and prac- ticed in their daily walk and conversation the prin- ciples they professed. Mr. Lefever in his early days was a pronounced Whig, but later embraced the principles of the Re- publican party, and was always interested in its suc- cess. Nine of the children of Mr. and Mrs. Lefever grew to maturity, of whom. George was the fifth. Jacob, who was the eldest, was born in the old home in Lampeter in 1825, is unmarried, and resides in the old homestead. Katie, born in 1828, was the wife of Martin Cassel, of Lampeter ; she left no fam- ily at her death. Susan, born at the old home, in 1830, was the wife of Henry Hess, of St. Louis, Missouri, and left at her decease three daughters: Susanna, who is now Mrs. Smith, of St. Louis; Mary; and Christiana. Mary A., born in 1833, is unmarried and resides on the old homestead. Lydia, born in 1840, is the widow of George Fralick, of Strasburg, and she now resides at the old home- stead, her one son, Jacob, being a resident of Dixon, 111. Samuel, born in 1843, married Miss Sarah Rhinehart for his first wife, who left at her death these children: Mary, who is the wife of Jacob Dagen; Emma, who resides at home; and Lydia, who is the wife of Mr. Goss, of Conestoga township. The second marriage of Samuel Lefever was to Emma Lefever; their home is in Pequea township, and the two children born of this union are Jacob and Samuel. The eighth survivor was Christian, who was born in 1847 and who married Miss Mat- tie Rhinehart; they reside on his farm near Stras- burg, and their children are: John; Jacob; Eliza- beth, who is the wife of Mr. Stauffer, of this coun- ty; and Christian, Jr. Henry, who was bom in 1850, married Miss Salinda Charles and they set- tled near the old homestead, in Lampeter township ; their four children are George, Katie, Harry and Lottie. George Lefever, of this biography, was the fifth in order of birth in his parents' family; he was reared on the old farm and obtained his education in the district schools of the township. While still a youth he demonstrated his loyalty to his country by offering his life in her defense, enlisting in Co. G, 122nd P. V. I., under Capt. Neff, of Lancaster county, and being sent to the Army of the Potomac. Mr. Lefever participated in many of the hardest fought battles of the war, took part in the struggle at Fredericksburg, was with Gen. Burnside when misfortune overtook that division of the army, later was at Chancellorsville, and was one of the escort which accompanied the brave Major-General Whip- ple to his last resting place after his soldier's death at Chancellorsville. After the close of the war Mr. Lefever returned to his home, engaged in farming, literally turning his sword into a pruning hook, and became just as good a farmer as he had been soldier. In 1863 he was united in marriage to Miss Susanna Weaver, the estimable and amiable daughter of Isaac and Mary Weaver, this family being one of the old and leading ones of the county. Mrs. Lefever was born in Strasburg township, in 1840, and was educated in the common schools in her district. After marriage Mr. Lefever purchased the David Eckman farm, near Quarryville, and on this valu- 478 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY able property he has continued ever since. His im- provements are all modern and substantial, consist- ing of a fine residence, commodious barns and out- buildings, the whole presenting a most attractive and Inviting appearance, and in this pleasant home hospitality reigns supreme. To Mr. Lefever and his wife eleven children have been born, and all of these testify to fine constitutions given them by their parents, together with gifts of mind and character. Phares .Sherman, born in 1864, moved to Sterling, 111., when a yoimg man and there-married Miss- Liz- zie Fry, formerly of this county; they reside on a farm near that city, their children being Noah and Ruth. Elmer E., born in July, 1865, also located in Sterling, where he married Miss Ida Andrews, and is there conducting a grocery and bakery business; their three daughters are A-nna, May and Hazel. Leander L., born in 1868, married Miss Fannie Ebersole, of Franklin county. Pa., and they reside in Prairieville, 111., on his fine farm, with their five chil- dren, Minnie, George, Mary E., Leroy and a baby. Thaddeus S., born in November, 1870, married Miss Maggie Detweiler, of Bucks county, and they reside on his farm near Sterling, 111., their two children being Ella and a baby. Mary E., born in August, 1869, is the wife of Howard S. Knox, and they now reside in Paradise township ; their five children are Minnie F., Elizabeth, Herbert, George and Reba. Minnie L., born in January, 1872, married Harry Bair, a merchant of New Providence township, and their one son is John M. George M., born in May, 1873, married Miss Barbara Groff, of Quarryville, and they reside in Sterling, 111., they have three children, — Bertha, Martha and a baby. Jacob G., born in January, 1875, during his early manhood spent four years in the State of Illinois and the Dakotas, but in 1899 returned to Lancaster county and assists his father in the management of the home farm. Annie L., born in August, 1876, married Frank Beane, of Lancaster county, a telegraph op- erator on the Pennsylvania Railroad, and has had two children, — George and Paul. Harry M., born in January, 1878, is single and resides in Sterling, 111. ; and Samuel B., born in September, 1879, is also a resident of Illinois. Politically Mr. Lefever, of this sketch, has al- ways been identified with the Republican party, but has refused every official position except that con- nected with the board of Education, for five years being a very efficient member. The religious con- nection of the family is with the Baptist Church, in which he and his wife are held in the highest es- teem, attending and supporting the church in Cole- rain township. Mr. Lefever is a verv prominent member of the Bireley Post, No. 511, G. A. R., of Quarryville, and he was a delegate to the Gettysburg Encampment of June, 1901. It is most interesting and edifying to trace the successful career of such a man, and to note the sure rewards that come to repay honesty, mdustry and close and unremitting attention to duty, Mr. Lefever started out in life with limited means and left his early opportunities in order to serve his country, but he has reared a large family in comfort, educating them so that they in turn have become worthy and respected citizens ; and he still stands before his old friends of a life-time as one of the straightforward, honest and upright mem- bers of the community, whose life has been estimable in every particular. His charities have been many, and there are few of his neighbors who have not re- ceived some mark of kindness at his hands. Duty has been with him a watchword, whether on the field of battle or in the quieter walks of life. CHARLES HAYS, one of the leading and in- fluential citizens of White Rock, Little Britain town- ship, Lancaster Co., Pa., was born Jan. 16, 1830, a son of John and Margaret (Clendenin) Hays, of Little Britain township. John Hays was born in Ireland, and was brought to America when six years of age, by his parents, John and Catherine Hays, and the family settled in Little Britain township one hundred years ago. John Hays, Jr., father of Charles Hays, had two brothers, William and Charles. The marriage of John Hays Jr., occurred in 1814, and nine children were the result of this union Catherine, born June 10 1815; Mary, Sept. 21, 1817; William, Jan. 2, 1820; John, Feb. 28, 1822; Wallace, June 2, 1824; Jemima, June 12, 1827; Charles, Jan. 16, 1830; James, July 27, 1832 ; Margaret, Feb. 22, 1836, all ol whom are now deceased, except Charles, and Mar- garet, now of Britain township. John Hays Jr., the father of this family, v/as one of the leaders in the Democratic party, and an earnest member of the Presbyterian Church. The early life of Mr. Hays was spent upon his father's farm and he received his education in the district schools, with one year at Lebanon Acad- emy. Starting out as a poor boy, he gradually worked his way up the ladder of fortune and is now the owner of a fine farm of 135 acres, upon which is a comfortable frame residence and all neccessary buildings. After an active life, Mr. Hays in now retired and is enjoying a well earned rest. On Dec. 3, 1874, Mr. Hays married Miss Lavinia Pennell, of Britain township, a daughter of John and Rebecca (Brown) Pennell, of Britain township, who are nutnbered among the leading settlers of this locality (see sketch of John J. Pennell elsewhere). Mrs. Hays was one in a family of nine children: Elizabeth, now the widow of John P. Hays, of Ox- ford, Pa. ; Mary Ann, widow of James Patterson, of Illinois ; William, a retired farmer of Little Britain township; Rebecca, deceased; Margaret, deceased; Lavinia ; John J., a thrifty farmer of Little Britain township (see his sketch elsewhere) ; Amanda and James, deceased. The grandparents of Mrs. Hays, William and Elizabeth Pennell, came from Dela- ware county, Pa., to this township about 1775. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 479 Hays; Katharine Elizabeth, Mary C. and John C. Katharine Elizabeth and Mary C. were graduated from the Westchester Normal and are successful teachers in Lancaster county. John C, the youngest ill the family, in charge of the home farm, received his education in the West Nottingham Academy of Maryland. In politics, Mr. Hays is a staunch Democrat, and faithfully served his constituents as school director for many years. Socially, he is a member of the Masonic fraternity, being connected with Lodge No. 353 of Oxford, Pa., and he and his family are mem- bers of the Union Presbyterian Church of Colerain township. The unqualified success which has at- tended his efforts is due to his ability, thrift and un- tiring industry, for he never neglected an opportun- ity to advance his own interests, when such an op- portunity was an honorable one ; while his upright manner of doing business, has gained for him the respect of his neighbors, as well as of all with whom he had dealings. JOSEPH WACKER, a retired citizen of Lan- caster, has been a resident of that city for half a cen- tury, and no man stands higher in the estimation of his fellow men, either for personal character or for business integrity. He is a native of Germany, born Dec. 23, 1830, in Wurtemberg, where his parents, Michael and Mary Wacker, were also born, and where they passed their entire lives. The father and mother both died in 1874. Michael Wacker was a farmer, and followed that occupation throughout life. Besides Joseph but one of the family survives, Joanna, Mrs. Otintrup, of Philadelphia. Joseph Wacker received a good education in his native land, attending the public schools until he was fourteen years old, after which 'he served an ap- prenticeship to the baker's trade, which he learned thoroughly. He followed his trade as a journey- man in Germany until 1849, on Aug. 14th of that year embarking for the United States. On the day after his arrival in New York he obtained work at his trade, but about six months afterward he was taken sick, and was advised by his physician to give up the baking business. He proceeded to Philadel- phia, but not finding suitable employment, deter- mined to journey to Lancaster, and he walked all the way, covering the entire distance, sixty-eight miles, in one day. Though a perfect stranger in the city, he immediately commenced the search for em- plojmient, and was fortunate enough to find work within a few days, engaging with Jacob Bossier, who conducted a farm about four miles from town. After two years in this employ he changed to the Flinn farm, where he remained one year, and the next summer he worked in a brickyard. In the win- ter of 1852 he was employed in Whitlinger's brew- ery, in Lancaster, where he remained two years, and the following year he was in the Springer bottling works. He and a Mr. Kiehl then purchased this business, which they conducted in partnership for ten years, under the firm name of Kiehl & Wacker. At the expiration of this period Mr. Wacker dis- posed of his interest to his partner and bought the Whitlinger brewery, situated on West King street, which he sold, however, a year later. After living retired for a year, Mr. Wacker began the brewery business on West King street again, and continued there for two years, when he exchanged his house and brewery on West King street for the "County Hotel," which he conducted two years. He then purchased the Eagle brewery from Jacob Sprenger, and carried on the business until 1880, in which year he turned it over to his sons Charles and Joseph, who are still running it. Mr. Wacker has since lived retired, enjoying the rest he so well deserves and the competence he won by persistent and well- directed energy during his active years. On April 22, 1855, in Lancaster, Mr. Wacker was married to Mary Dettlinger, also a native of Wurtemberg, Germany, and six children have blessed their union, viz. : Charles V., Joseph, Frank, Anthony, William and Mary. The family arc Catholics, and Mr. Wacker and his wife attend St. Joseph's Church. DAVID E. MAYER. The Mayer family in Lancaster county. Pa., to which David E. Mayer belonged, was established many years ago, by grand- father Christian Mayer, an honest, industrious blacksmith, who followed his trade through life, and amassed a competency for old age. He married one of the modest young maidens of the Reformed Mennonite faith, Mary Miller, by name, belonging to a family of substance in the neighborhood, and they reared a family of seven children : Isaac, the father of David E. ; Jacob ; John ; David ; Nathaniel ; Leah, who married Abraham Herr ; Hettie, who married John Hildebrand. Isaac Mayer was born in West Lampeter town- ship and learned the tanning business, but this vo- cation seemed injurious to his health and he later began farming, becoming a prominent man in the neighborhood, and serving many years on the school board. He married Mary Hoover, a daughter of David Hoover, of Strasburg township, and three children were born to them : David E. ; Isaac H., a physician of Willowstreet ; and Christian, the eldest, who died in infancy. Both parents were worthy members of the Old Mennonite Church. David E. Mayer was born in West Lampeter township, Aug. 4, 1838, a son of Isaac and Mary (Hoover) Mayer, was reared on the farm and re- ceived his education in the public schools, in which he ever after took a deep interest. David remained at home with his parents until the death of his father, in 1871, when it became more than ever necessary for him to stay and he took charge at this time of the homestead and his mother's affairs, en- gaging extensively in farming, and also in trucking, the proximity to large cities making this a very re- munerative line of agriculture. 480 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Intelligent from his youth, and fond of reading and of mingling with his fellow-citizens, David E. Mayer early became recognized as somewhat of a leader in the public affairs of his locality. A pro- nounced Republican, he also became the representa- tive of the party in many ways. After serving effi- ciently on the election board, he was made supervisor and faithfully performed the duties of that office for seven years and was then made a member of the school board, which he as conscientiously served for the long term of eighteen years. In March, 1894, he was appointed to fill a vacancy on the board of county commissioners, this honor coming to him unsolicited; at the expiration of the term he was elected to the position, being subsequently re-elected, and in this position he continued to manage the affairs of Lancaster county with economy and good judgment until his death. David E. Mayer married April 29, 1897, Mary A. Shaub, a daughter of Benjamin aiid Susan (Wade) Shaub, a most estimable lady, and a mem- ber of the M. E. Church. In 1900 their comfortable residence was refitted and is one of the most desir- able modern homes in Strasburg. David E. Mayer was one of the representative citizens and possessed in a marked degree the confidence and esteem of his fellow-citizens. He died Sept. 12, 1901, and was laid to rest with his people in the Old Mennon- ite cemetery at the church west of Strasburg. ELI B. FOWL, one of the prosperous citizens of Lancaster, where he is engaged in the livery business, was born near Neffsville, April 2, 1854, a son of Isaac and Barbara (Buckwalter) Fowl, both natives of Lancaster county. Isaac Fowl was a farmer by occupation in early life, but in 1864 he moved to Lancaster, and there at first operated a hotel. While he was successful in his new work, it did not prove congenial to his tastes and he sold out, and engaged in the livery business, beginning on a sm.all scale and gradually increasing until he was the proprietor of one of the best stables in the county. In 1866 he built the stable and located where his son is now engaged. He continued to take an active part in business until October, 1884, when he sold out to his son, and retired. His death occurred in April, 1885. In politics he was a Republican, and in religion a Mennonite. His wife, Barbara (Buckwalter) was the daughter of a farmer, and previous to her mar- riage with Mr. Fowl, had been married to Mr. Leman. By her last marriage she became the mother of two children, of whom Eli B. is the elder. Eli B. Fowl was reared and educated in Lan- caster. Always a companion and associate of his father, he gradually grew into the business, and when his father began to step aside he assumed full control, practically being manager for the last ten years of the latter's life. His livery stable is 60x96 feet in size and three stories high, and is provided with an electric elevator. It is located at No. 14 East Walnut street, and his residence is next door. 'Everything about his establishmeip.t is fiirst-class^ and he is able to supply at least thirty handsome rigs, -fifteen hacks and three hearses — a most credi- table showing. In August, 1878, Mr. Fowl was united in mar- riage with Miss Alice C. Henry, who was born in Lancaster, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin Henry. Two children have come to brighten their home, Isaac Benjamin and Theodore Franklin. Socially Mr. Fowl belongs to the I. O. O. F., being a charter member of Herschel Lodge, and he also belongs to the Knights of Malta. He and his family belong to the M. E. church. In his political views he follows in the footsteps of his father, and is an earnest worker in the ranks of the Republican party. •JOHN N. EBY, a retired farmer of Leacock township, was born Oct. 7, 1841, on the old Eby homestead, which was acquired from Jeremiah Job in 1767. The Eby family has a history in Lancaster county that begins with the coming of Theodorus Eby from Switzerland, in 1715, and his settlement in Earl township, Lancaster county, where he built a mill on Mill Creek, and engaged in the milling and farming business the rest of his life. Theodorus Eby was the great-great-great-grandfather of John N., whose name appears above. Jacob Eby was his son, and Abraham Eby, his son, was the great- grandfather of John N. Eby. Abraham Eby was born in 1735 and died Jan. 8, 1815. John Eby, the grandfather of John N., was born Sept. 7, 1758, and died Nov. 2, 1842. He married Fannie Bare, who was born in Upper Leacock township, and died in April, 1842, at the age of eighty years, lacking nine days. They were the parents of Abraham, Cath- erine, Barbara, EUzabeth, Mary and John, the father of John N. AH the progenitors of John N. were buried in the private cemetery on the Eby home- stead, with the exception of Theodorus and Jacob. John N. Eby is planning to erect a monument in the Eby cemetery, a memorial stone weighing about eight tons, and having cut on it the Eby descent from Theodorus down to the present day. John Eby, the father of John N., was bom Dec. 20, 1800, in Upper Leacock township; he married Elizabeth Neff, who was bom in East Lampeter township, Dec. 24, 1815, and died Feb. 15, 1894. His death occurred Jan. 27, 1864. Born to this union were the following: Reuben N., who married Louisa Wenger, had a family of six children and died in 1881 ; John N. ; Aaron N., a retired farmer of Bareville, now residing in Lancaster, and married to Elmina Graybill, by whom he has had three chil- dren. The maternal grandparents of John N. Eby were Martin and Leah (Eby)_ Neff, farming people of Soudersburg, Pennsylvania. ^ ^.^^l^.^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 481 John N. Eby was married in Leacock township, June 2, 1898, to Miss Clara F. Sanders, and one child. Jay Victor, has come to bless their union. Mrs. Clara F. (Sanders) Eby was born in Slack- water, Lancaster county, and is a daughter of Julius and Catherine (Smith) Sanders. Her. father was born in Saxony, Germany, and her mother in Lancaster county. He came to this country at the age of eighteen years, and served three years in the Union Army during the war of the Rebel- lion. His trade was that of a cabinet maker, and he became very expert in the making of organs and in other labors requiring mechanical skill of a high or- der. When he died, May i, 1897, he was sixty-two years old. His widow, who is living in Lancaster, Pa., has had the following children : William, who is a resident of Lancaster, Pa. ; Morris, who lives in Cochranville, Pa. ; " Elizabeth, who lives at Kissel Hill, Pa., married to Samuel Dubbs; Clara, Mrs. Eby ; Lula, living in Philadelphia ; Bertha, living at Kissel Hill; Walter, deceased. John N. Eby remained with his parents as long as they lived, and then moved to the farm which he occupied until recently. In March, 1902, he re- moved to the city of Lancaster, where he now re- sides. In political matters he is a Republican, and is known as a very intelligent and widely informed citizen. BORDLEY S. PATTERSON. Among the honorable and well-esteemed citizens of Little Brit- ain township is Bordley S. Patterson, who was bom on the farm he now occupies, near White Rock, in Lancaster county, Sept. 24, 1834. The Patterson family is one of the oldest and most respected of Lancaster covmty. The founder of the family in this State was James Patterson, who was born in County Antrim, Ireland, in 1708, and immigrated to America in 1728. Coming to the State of Pennsylvania, he bought large tracts of land from the Government, and settled down in Little Britain township ; later he went to New York to meet his afRanced bride from Ireland, Mary Montgomery, whom he brought back with him to Pennsylvania. He reared a family of ten children, William, John, Hannah, Mary, Samuel, Jane, Isa- bella, James, Elizabeth and Thomas. James Patterson (2), son of James, and the grandfather of Bordley S. Patterson, was born in Little Britain township, Nov. 4, 1745. He married Letitia Gardner, and they had these children, Isa- bella, Francina, Robert, Mary, Elizabeth, Jane, James, Letitia and Rachel, all of whom have passed to another life. Robert Patterson, son of James (2), and the father of Bordley S., was born March 21, 1787, and died March 31, 1861. He was first married to a Miss Ewirig, and the four children born to this mar- riage were James, Gardner, Mary and Eliza. The second wife of Robert Patterson was Sarah Ship- pen, and three children were born to this union: 31 Bordley S. ; Francis, deceased ; and Edward B., a prosperous merchant in Oxford, Pa., lately removed to Philadelphia. During life Robert Patterson was not only a large landowner and prosperous farmer but he was also a prominent citizen and a leader in the Democratic party. Since early days the family has been connected with the Presbyterian Church. Bordley S. Patterson was born on the farm he now occupies, Sept. 24, 1834, a son of the late Rob- ert and Sarah (Shippen) Patterson. This old farm has been his home through life, and he still occupies the old stone mansion which was erected by his grandfather in 1806. So few of these old homes remain, in these days of change and mutation, that the old Patterson homestead has become an object of historic interest, and it is highly valued by its owners and occupants. In the public Schools of his locality Mr. Patter- son obtained his early education, going later to the Lititz and Mt. Joy academies. He began an agri- cultural life, which he has carried on with success. His farm of 135 acres in Little Britain township, near White Rock, is one of the best cultivated and improved in this locality, his elegant and com- modious residence, great barns and attractive sur- roundings making it an ideal country home. Mr. Patterson is also the owner of a one-half interest in a fine estate, comprising 140 acres in Colerain town- ship, which is as well managed and as productive as the home farm. On Oct. 0, 1862, was celebrated the marriage of Bordley S. Patterson and Miss Emma M. Worth, of Chester county, Pa. She was born in 1841, a daughter of Samuel A. and Hester (Hoops) Worth,' both of whom were of English origin. Three chil- dren have been bom to Mr. and Mrs. Patterson: Robert L., who was bom in 1864, married Elizabeth Colter, and is in business in Oxford, Pa. ; Fred W., born in 1867, who married Miss Cora Welch, of St. Paul, Minn., and is engaged in the tea and coffee business in the above named city: and Eliza Ship- pen, born in 1874, the wife of Hugh A. Foresman, a publisher in Chicago, Illinois. In public, religious and social life Mr. Patterson is a leading citizen of Little Britain township. His devotion to the Jef- fersonian principles of the Democratic party has been life-long and he has been active in its councils. For seven years Mr. Patterson was the efficient township auditor, and he has served with satisfac- tion to all as judge and inspector of elections, and has not only been selected to serve several times on the grand jury of Lancaster county, of which he has been foreman, but also on the LTnited States jury, his reputation as a most honorable and high-minded man making him desirable in responsible positions. In 1884 Mr. Patterson was elected a director of the Northern Mutual Insurance Company, and since 1893 has been treasurer of the company. Mr. Patterson is a member of the Presbyterian Church in Colerain township, serving faithfully as trustee of that institution. A man with the high- 482 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY est standards of integrit}^ charitable, generous and public-spirited, Bordley S. Patterson is a represen- tative man of this part of Lancaster county. DANIEL DENLINGER was born in Stras- burg township, Lancaster county, May 21, 181 7, and died July 19, 1886. His remains are resting in the cemetery connected with Hershey's Meeting House in Salisbiiry township. He was a son of Elder Jacob and Mary (Kreider) Denlinger. The father was a miller, and was an elder in the Stras- burg • Mennonite Church. To Elder and Mrs. Denlinger were born the fol- lowing children: John; Jacob; Barbara, who was twice married, first to Michael Sensenig, and then to David Eshleman ; Henry K. ; Daniel ; Abram, — all of the foregoing being dead ; Isaac, a retired farmer of East Lampeter township. Daniel Denlinger was married Nov. 5, 1840, in Lancaster, Pa., to Margaret Hershey, by whom he Tiad- the following family : Abram H., who mar- ried Mary C. Kefieagy and is a retired farmer in Paradise township, with a family of eight children ; Anna, the widow of John Ranck, having her home in Paradise township, where she has one son ; Jacob, who died in infancy; Mary, married to Jonas Eby, in the creamery and tobacco business at Gap, Pa., and .the mother of eleven children ; Esther, married to John Eshleman, a retired farmer of ' Salisbury townshi|), and the mother of ten children ; Eliza- beth, of Paradise township, wife of Amaziah Brack- bill, and mother of seven children; Daniel* married first .to Anna Mary Kreider,, by whom he had two children, and second to Fannie Landis, by whom he had five ; Margaret, wife of Adam Kreider, a farmer .of Leacock township, to whom she bore "eleven children, six of whom are now living. ' ' Mrs. Margaret Denlinger was born in Salisbury township, Jan. 17, 1824, and was a daughter of Abraham and Anna (Eby) Hershey. Her father, who was a farmer, died Jan. 9, 1844, lacking but fifteen days of being fifty-seven years old ; his widow survived many years, passing away "Feb. 29, 1896, at the age of ninety-five years, two months and fourteen days. They were both buried in Hershey's burying ground in Salisbury township. They were members of the Mennonite Church. . Mr. and Mrs. Abraham Hershey were the par- ents of Margaret and Peter, a retired farmer of Leacock township. By a previous marriage with Maria Secrist, Mr. Hershey had the following chil- dren : Jacob S., deceased ; Fronica;, who died young. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Denlinger were Jacob and Anna Hershey. Jacob Hershey, who was the son of Andrew Hershey, was born in Lan- caster county. Andrew Hershey was the son of Andrew Hershey, who came from Switzerland in 1709. Daniel Denlinger remained at home with his brother Henry until his marriage, when he began farming in Salisbury township, where he was en- gaged in the cultivation of the soil until 1869, when he removed to the farm on which the remaining years of his active life were passed. Foui: years be- fore his death he removed to the home in which his family are living at the present time. Mr. Denlinger was a man of character and standing in the community in which he spent his honorable and useful life. His widow, who is still living, bears up wonderfully well under the pressure of years, and is still alert and active. SAMUEL HARNER. There are few residents of Martic township more highly esteemed through- out its extent than Samuel Harner, a member of one of the old and well-known families of Lancaster county. Samuel Harner is now a citizen of Bethesda, Pa., but he was born in Montgomery county, Sept. 7, 1826. His parents were Joseph and Mary (Slingluff) Harner, his grandfather being John Harner, who for many years conducted a blacksmith business in Montgomery county, and was the father of nine children, all of these having passed out of life, John, Joseph, Jacob, Daniel, Henry, Samuel, Elizabeth, Ann and Susan. Joseph Harner, the son of John and the father of Samuel, was born in 1790 in Montgomery coun- ty* and in early life he was a merchant there. After removing to I-ancaster county he was engaged in farming and lime burning. His death was at the age of eighty-eight years. In 1820 he was united in marriage to Mary Slingluff, and their seven chil- dren were : John S., of Martic township ; George, deceased ; Samuel ; Mary, the wife of Thomas Cully, of Martic township; Elizabeth, deceased, wife of J. Harrison . Long, of Drumore township ; Joseph, of Martic township ; and Jesse, a retired farnier of Drumore, more extended mention of these promi- nent citizens of Lancaster county being found else- where. Like many another young man, Samuel Harner began life with limited means, but the application of energy and industry has brought a sure result. In advanced years he finds himself surrounded by all of the comforts of life, and capable of enjoying the same, surrounded by affectionate relatives and sin- cere friends. He was married on Jan. 7, 1868, to Miss Amanda Mcl-aughlin, who was born Dec. 30, 1849, a daughter of Joseph and Martha (Marron) McLaughlin ; to this union, on Jan. 17, 1869, was born one son, — George E., who on Oct. i, 1895, married Miss Emma Harner, the adopted daughter of Joseph Harner, of Martic township. Three chil- dren have been born to this marriage, Florence, Virgil and Samuel J. Harner, Jr. Mrs. Amanda Harner died April -5, 1902. The valuable farm in this township owned by Mr. Harner comprises 112 acres of well cultivated land, upon which he has placed most excellent im- provements. In his political belief Mr. Harner has been a life-long Democrat, actively supporting the candidates and measures of Democracy. Although ; BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 483 not a member of any religious denomination, Mr. Harner is reverent in his feelings and liberally con- tributes to the Presbyterian Church, to which his wife belonged. Tfie family is one which is held in high regard in this township as representing the best class of honest and honorable citizens. SAMUEL J. BEARD, one of the prominent farmers of Penn township, belongs to a family which has been settled in Pennsylvania for several genera- tions. Grandfather Robert Beard came to America from Ireland, and resided for a short time in Ches- ter county, in this State, moving then into Lancaster county, where he resided until his death. By trade he was a charcoal burner and this was his occupa- tion during life. Five children were born to him and his wife : Joseph, who moved to York county and died there; Robert, who became a farmer in Dauphin county; James, the father of Samuel J.; John, who is a farmer in Lebanon county ; and Mar- garet, who married John Crawford. James Beard, the father of Samuel J., was, born in Lancaster county, about 1795. In early life he followed the business of charcoal burning, but later purchased the farm where Samuel J. now resides, ■ and turned his attention to agriculture until his ■death, in 1847. James Beard married Miss Ellen Jones, and they had nine children born to them: Martha, deceased wife of Henry Meixell ; Mary, the -widow of Jacob Krall; Robert, a farmer of Penn township; James, deceased, who lived in Reading; Margaret, unmarried ; Catherine, the wife of David Brosey; Eliza, the widow of Isaac Weachter; Ellen, the widow of Abram Kauflfman; Samuel J., the youngest of the family. Samuel J. Beard was born in Penn township April II, 183s, and was left fatherless at the age of twelve years. Until he was twenty-seven years of age he remained with his mother, a kind and duti- ful son. Mr. Beard received an excellent public school education, which was supplemented by one term in the Normal school, in Millersville. Possess- ing a quick intelligence and a love of study, he soon was qualified for teaching, and took charge of his first school before he was twenty-one years old. For twelve years he acceptably followed this profession. In 1866, at the death of his beloved mother, to whom Tie had shown every care, he purchased the old home- stead and since that time has given his attention to farming, demonstrating that he is as good a farmer as teacher. In politics Mr. Beard is a stanch Democrat, and has taken a very active interest in the party councils in this locality. For fifteen years he served as jus- tice of the peace, for five years he was assessor, for the same time tax collector, and he served one term as school director. The marriage of Mr. Beard was to Miss Mar- garet Keath, and to this union was born a family of seven children : Mary, the widow of Harry Diehm ; Lizzie, the wife of Jacob Moyer ; Maggie, the wife of Horace Biemesderfer ; Frank, a farmer of Me- chanics ville ; John, a farmer at Erbsdale; Charles, a miller, near Mount Hope ; and Howard, a teacher of West Park, in Penn township. Mr. Beard has spent a long and useful life in this locality, is well known and most highly esteemed. He is a leading member of the Lutheran Church, one of the elders and one of its most liberal sup- porters. Mr. Beard may be justly called a repre- sentative man of Penn township. JACOB CHARLES, one of the more prominent farmers of Conoy township, Lancaster county, was born in Manor township, in the same county, Dec. 15, 1841, and is a son of Christ, and Nancy (Funk) Charles, both natives of Manor township, where the father, who was born June 2, 1812, is still living. The mother, who died in June, i860, and was laid to rest in the Charles family burying ground in Manor township, was, with her husband, a member of the Mennonite Church. The following children were born to them: Nancy, deceased wife of Abraham Bankholder.; Jacob; John, a farmer and one of the directors of the Mountville National Bank; Joseph, a farmer in East Donegal township; Christian, a farmer in Rapho township ; Abraham, at home with his parents; Hettie, married to Martin Breneman, a farmer of Manor township ; Anna, unmarried and living at home; Mary, who married Christ. Frank, and is dead. After the death of Mrs. Nancy Charles, at Forrey, in i860, yir. Charles was married a sec- ond time. Miss Elizabeth Witmer becoming his wife. She died in 1893. John Charles, the paternal grand- father of Jacob, married a Miss Habacker and spent his entire life in his native township, Manor. Jacob Charles has been twice married, the first time Sept. 8, 1867, in Lancaster, when Miss Elvina, S. Harnish became his wife. She was the mother of two children : Fanny H., who died young ; and Christ. H., who married Mary Lip, and is a farmer in Conoy township. Mrs. Elvina S. Charles was born in Manor township in 1849, and died Jan. 21, 1872. She was a daughter of Michael and Anna (Schenck) Harnish, both natives of Lancaster county. Mr. Charles was married, for the second time, on Nov. i-i, 1875, in Lancaster, to Miss Lizzie F. Mease, by whom he has had the following children, all of whom are at home : Amos M., Jacob M. and Lizzie E. Mrs. Lizzie F. Charles was born in Man- heim township Aug. 16, 1842, and is a daughter of John and Mary (Frankford) Mease, farmer people of Lancaster county, where they died, and were buried in Neff's Church cemetery. Mr. Charles remained with his parents until he reached the age of twenty-seven years, when he en- gaged in the tillage of a small farm in- Manor town- ship. In March, 1878, he located on his present home, a fine farm of one hundred and nineteen acres, a magnificent property, with fine river frontage.. He also owns an island farm across from his home. 484 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY where he has forty acres of rich tillable land, and a farm of sixty-one acres in another part of Conoy township. Mr. Charles is an honorable and upright man, whose long and useful life is a story of unwearied industry and straightforward and manly dealings. In politics he is a Democrat, and in his religion a member of the Mennonite Church. His peaceful and industrious life, his kindly heart and generous spirit have in no way put to shame his religious faith and profession. GEORGE DILLER SPRECHER, whose com- modious dwelling at No. 213 East King street is one of the finest and most substantial in all Lancaster, is a lineal descendant of two of the oldest families in Lancaster county. On his mother's side — the Dillers — the family is traced to Casper Diller (Deelor, as he wrote it), who fled from Alsace to Holland, going from there to England, where he married a lady of English birth and then came to America, landing in this dountry in the early days of the Penns, from whom he secured a grant for 500 acres of land. He lived to be 100 years old. Isaac Diller, descended from Casper Diller, was the grandfather of George D. Sprecher, and the latter's grandmother, Susanna Roland, was a daughter of Jonathan Roland, who, served in the Revolutionary war. Through the Diller connection Mr. Sprecher was related to George Washington, and the family tree is as dis-- tinguished as it is large. On the paternal side Mr. Sprecher can claim a lineage as ancient as that of the Dillers. On Oct. 17, 1732, Christopher Sprecher and Hans George Sprecher (brothers, and the latter the great- great-grandfather of our subject) came to America on board the ship "Pink." On Oct. 17, 1751, Jacob Sprecher, of Rotterdam, came to America on the ship "Jeanette ;" with him came another Hans George Sprecher. On Oct. 11, 1752, Johann Peter Sprecher came to America, and on Oct. 18, 1752, Jacob Adam Sprecher arrived in the United States on the ship "Peggy." The Hans Sprecher who came to this countrv in 1751 settled in New York, and the first two Sprechers who came to America settled in Lehigh county. Hans George Sprecher, the first to come, had a son Philip, who settled in East Earl township, and was the ancestor of George D. Sprecher. One of Philip's sons went to Virginia, where he settled and reared a family, one of his sons being Prof. Sprecher, of California, who has three sons who are clergymen. George D. Sprecher's father was an extensive cattle dealer and hotel-keeper, and for a time was a farmer. Mr. Sprecher's (George D.'s) mother was a great- granddaughter of Col. John Huber, a veteran of the Revolution, her father having been Isaac Diller, a prominent farmer of eastern Lancaster county. Eight children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Sprecher, only three of whom are living: George D., Will- iam D. and Catherine, the latter the widow of the late John Reigart, all of Lancaster. George D. Sprecher was born Feb. 12, 1821, in Earl township, where his father was engaged at farming. Receivingf a partial education in the pub- lic schools, young Sprecher came to Lancaster at the age of eleven years, and entered the hardware store of Gen. Diller, a relative of Mr. Sprecher's mother, and who was the foimder of Dillerville, this county. This was in 1832. From Gen. Diller's store young Sprecher entered the employ of Henry W. Gun- daker, and eight years later went to the late A. W. Russel. In 1844 he became part owner, and later sole owner, of a store. In 1854 Mr. Sprecher tore down the old A. W. Russel hardware building, on North Queen street, and erected the large and ele- gant building now occupied by Reilly Brothers & Raub. He was continuously in the hardware trade from 1832 to i860, engaged in the slating business in 1854, keeping it up — ^with the hardware business — until i860, and from the latter date continuing ex- clusively at slating until 1888, when he retired from' active business. Mr. Sprecher has been the builder and owner of scores of houses in Lancaster, having built the hand- some home he now lives in, in 1847, ^^'^ building an addition to it in 1850. He is the owner of four large tobacco warehouses, two extensive mercantile prop- erties on East King street, and other properties. Great, indeed, have been the material improvements he has made to Lancaster, and these, with the rec- ord of his long life of integrity, will prove enduring monuments. Mr. Sprecher married Miss Caroline Beates, daughter of the now sainted Rev. William Beates, who was for so many years pastor of Zion's Luther- an Church, this citv, and who, emulating the Divine Master, refused to accept the slightest compensa- tion for his labors. He had a nominal salary of $300 per annum, and, after receiving it, annually, from his parishioners, turned it over for the pay- ment of the church debt. This remarkable man died May 16, 1867, at the age of ninety-one years, while administering the Holy Communion to his family. Eight children were born of the union of George D. Sprecher and Caroline Beates, and all save three of these children, as well as the mother, have en- tered into rest. The survivors are Laura, wife of Henry S. Franklin, of the Steinman Hardware Company; and Misses Emily B. and Anna M., at home. Mr. Sprecher is wonderfully preserved, men- tally and physically, for one of his years, and he is as active as most men of fifty, although within a few days of eignty-one years at the time this sketch was written, January, 1902. He is a trustee of Trinity Lutheran Church, and has been for fifty- two years ; and he is president of the board of trus- tees of the Home for Friendless Children, and presi- dent of the board of trustees of the Woodward Hill Cemetery Board ; and no man gives these positions rjt^ir7'^-& •^4. JS t /OJ:i^r^t>n.'eyf^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 485 of honor and trust more intelligent or more pains- taking attention than does Mr. Sprecher. His has indeed been a remarkable career, and his life is one that may well be emulated by the rising generation. JACOB. MUSSELMAN. A prominent and highly esteemed farmer of Lancaster county is found in Jacob Mus'selman, now living somewhat retired on a farm which has been his home since 1898. The birth of Mr. Musselman was in Earl township July 5, 1831, and he was a son of Samuel and Magdalina (Nolt) Musselman, a leading farming family of Earl township. Samuel Musselman was engaged in agricultural pursuits all his life and died on his old homestead, after five years of retirement, in 1862, at the age of sixty-six years. He was a son of Chris- tian Musselman, who was also a farmer of Earl township, and the family in its sixth generation now occupies the old farm, it being the property of Jacob Musselman and operated by his two capable sons. The old family home was erected in 1792 and has heen the scene of the births, marriages and deaths of the family for over a century, still remaining in a good state of preservation, while those who fash- ioned it have long since crumbled into dust. Magdalina (Nolt) Musselman, the beloved moth- er of our subject, passed out of life in 1842, at the ■early age of thirty-eight years. She was a daughter of Jonas Nolt, of West Earl township. She was buried in Grofifdale cemetery, both she and her husband having been most worthy members of the Mennonite Church. The children born to them were : Anna, who died young ; Christian, who was Tcilled on the railroad in 1898, at the age of seventy- two years ; Jonas, who died in 1863 ; Jacob ; Henry, who died in 1888 ; and Mattie, of West Earl town- ship, who married Michael E. Wenger. The education of Jacob Musselman was acquired in the district schools of his neighborhood and he grew up on his father's farm, remaining at home until the death of both parents, when he took charge of the old place and continued to cultivate and im- prove, it until 1898, when he retired from activity, in favor of his two sons, whom he had taught to "be excellent farmers and good managers, like him- self. Mr. Musselman was united in rharriage on Jan. 12, 1858, in West Earl township, to Miss Mary Stoner. This estimable lady was born in West Earl township Sept. 15, 1831, and she was a daugh- ter of Henry and Catherine (Huber) Stoner, the former of whom was a native of Colerain and the latter of Warwick township. The father died in West Earl in 1869, at the age of seventy-three years, the mother having preceded him, in 1853, at the age of sixty years. They were buried in Metzler's meeting house cemetery, in West Earl township, and both were consistent members of the Mennon- ite Church. The grandparents of Mrs. Musselman were among the leading citizens of the county, Hen- ry and Margaret Stoner and Abraham Huber. The brothers and sisters of Mrs. Musselman were: Elizabeth, deceased, who married John Musselman ; Jacob, who died young; Catherine, deceased, who first married Joseph" Nolt, and second, Martin Rohr- er; Henry, deceased; Samuel, a farmer of Ephrata township ; Barbara, deceased, who married Elias Miller; Susannah, deceased, who married Daniel Burkholder; Abraham, a retired farmer of Ephrata township; and Isaac, also a retired farmer of the same township. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Musselman made up a family of nine, as follows: Magdelina, who married Samuel O. Martin, a farmer of Earl township, and has ten children ; Anna, who married John C. Nolt, a farmer of Earl township, and has a family of nine children ; Jacob, of Lancaster, an in- valid ; Mary and Henry, who died young ; Amanda, who is a talented lady and a teacher in the Men- nonite Mission school, in Philadelphia ; Eli, who re- sides on the old homestead, married Anna Berghart and has three children ; Amos, who married Laura Good, resides on a part of the old homestead and has two children; and Katie, who married Elmer E. Meyers, of Earl township, and is the mother of three children. For many years Mr. Musselman has been a resi- dent of West Earl township and is well known to almost every citizen ; among these old acquaintances he is ranked as a man of strict integrity, a man whose word is as good as his bond, and as one who well ■represents the good citizen. In politics he is a stanch Republican, and is one of the leading mem- bers of the Mennonite Church. SAMUEL WARFEL was born in Conestoga township, Lancaster county. Pa., Feb. 7, 1822. He was educated in the common schools of the county, and remained at home until he was twenty-one years of age. He then branched out in life for himself and followed the canal between Lancaster and Phila- delphia for a number of years. Since leaving the canal he has been engaged in various lines of oc- cupation. Adam Warfel, father of Samuel, born in Cones- toga township in 1800, was drowned there in 1869. He married Miss Sarah Graver, of Ephrata. This couple were the parents of ten children, one of whom died in infancy : Elizabeth, wife of Samuel Cross- man; Samuel: Polly, wife of Reuben Brady, of Conestoga; Delila, wife of John Fry, of Manor township ; Levi, of Conestoga township ; Eurias, of Conestoga township ; Catherine, never married ; An- nie, who died in childhood; and Annie, deceased. The father of Adam Warfel was also named Adam and was born and reared in Conestoga township. Samuel Warfel married Barbara, daughter of Martin Good, of Conestoga township. They have had seven children, as follows : Sarah, who died in infancy ; Lizzie, who died in childhood ; Delila, wife of Fred. Shoff, of Colemanville ; Lidia A., wife of Aaron Elmire ; Leah, wife of Christian Shoof ; An- 486 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY nie, who is the widow of John Stauifer; and Will- iam, who died in childhood. Mr. Warfel is a mem- ber of the Old Mennonite Church and takes a great interest in church work. He is. still active and vig- orous and doubtless has many days yet to live. He is universally respected by his friends and neigh- bors. JEREMIAH SELDOMRIDGE, a retired farm- er of Leacock township, Lancaster county, where he is spending the closing years of a long and useful life, was born in Salisbury township, this county, Jan. 4, 1827, son of Isaac and Rachel (Glauser) Seldomridge. His parents were born in Leacock and East Earl townships, respectively, and both died in Earl township. Isaac Seldomridge was a farmer and an indus- trious man, but for fifteen years prior to his death he lived retired. He passed away in 1884, at the age of eighty-four, and his wife died in 1878, when seventy-six years old. Both were buried in Ro- land's cemetery, in Earl township. They were members of the Lutheran Church. The following named children were born to them : George, who died when about sixty-six years old ; Jeremiah, men- tioned below ; Elizabeth, the widow of Amos Skiles, of Springville, Lancaster county; Isaac, who died at the age of fifty-eight ; Catherine, the wife of Peter Dague, of Earl township ; Jacob, a farmer of Earl township ; Benjamin, a saddler living in Upper Lea- cock township ; Rachel, deceased wife of Isaac Bru- baker; Mary Ann, the wife of Jonathan Hilder- brand, of Manheim township; Andrew, deceased; Amos, a retired farmer of Earl township. George Seldomridge, the grandfather of Jere- iniah, was born in Lancaster county, married there and there reared his family. His father was also George. He was a son of George and a grandson, of Andrew, who, with his wife, came from Switzer- land. The name was originally spelled Zeltenreich. This Andrew owned the tract of one and a quarter acres in Earl township now known as Rolands ceme- tery, which he gave to the churCh for the nominal sum of five shillings. He was also one of the found- ers of the church there. Jeremiah Seldomridge was married in Lancaster Sept 2, 1852, to Susanna C. Eckert, by whom he has had the following children : Jemimah, deceased wife of John Fenninger, a farmer of Leacock town- ship, by whom she had six children ; Eckert G., de- ceased ; Mary Ann, who married George Knobb, of Leacock township, and who has two children. Mrs. Susanna C. (Eckert) Seldomridge was born in Leacock township Feb. 14, 1828, daughter of Jacob K. and Hannah (Vames) Eckert, farming people of Leacock township, who are now numbered with the "great majority," he having died in 1864, at the age of sixty-four years, and Mrs. Eckert in 1871, at the age of sixty-eight years. Their ashes rest in Roland's cemetery. During his last years Mr. Eckert lived retired. To them were born the following children: Evaline, late wife of Josiah Zook; John v., deceased; George, a retired farmer in Lancaster ; Susanna C, Mrs. Seldomridge ; Mary Ann, deceased wife of Robert Hoar; Rebecca, mar- ried to Moses Hess, and now living retired in Perry county. Pa. ; Elizabeth, married to Hpnry Rutter, and now living retired in Intercourse; Henry, deceased; C. Ludwig, in Philadelphia; Jemima, the widow of Henry Horst, living in Lancaster. George and Su- san Eckert, the paternal grandparents of Mrs. Sel- domridge, were farming people of Lancaster county. Jeremiah Seldomridge remained with his parents on the farm until about the time of his marriage, when he set up for himself on a neighboring farm, in 1851 commencing farming in Upper Leacock township. There he remained until 1864, when he estabUshed himself and family on a place in Lea- cock township, in the ciiltivation of which he was engaged until 1893. That year he removed to his present home, and he has since lived retired. For nine years he has been school director, and he takes the side of the Republican party in all political ques- tions. For the past thirty-nine years Mr. Seldom- ridge has been an elder ip the Reformed Church, and still holds the office, and his clean and wholesome life, his industrious habits and his kindly disposition have given much strength and force to his religious labors. The family of seven sons, of which he is one, has the remarkable distinction that all are abso- lutely temperate in all things, not one of them having ever used tobacco, in any form, and all abstaining , from intoxicants. JOHN S. HARNER, one of the leading and successful farmer-citizens of Martic township, is a native of Montgomery county, and was born in De- cember, 1823. His parents were Joseph and Mary (Slingluft") Harijer, of Montgomery county, Pa., who came to Martic township in 1838, when their son, John, was about fifteen years of age. Joseph Harner had a family of seven children, five sons and two daughters : John S. ; George, deceased ; Samuel, of Martic township ; Joseph, of Martic township; Mary Ann, the wife of Thomas ' Cully ; Elizabeth, deceased wife of J. Harrison Long, of Drumore; Jesse, a retired farmer of Drumore, all of these having extended mention made in another place. John S. Harner grew through childhood and un- til he was fifteen years of age, in the old home in Montgomery county, accompanying his parents to Lancaster county when they removed to this part of the state, in 1838. His education was obtained in the public schools and he early began the agricul- tural life he has successfully followed ever since. His beginnings were small and he has worked hard, but he has now one of the finest and most valuable farms in this part of the county, well improved and most desirable. It contains 200 acres and shows' that Mr. Harner has thoroughly understood his bus- iness. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 487 Not only has John S. Harner been a good farmer, but he has faithfully served his township in various official positions, and is widely known as an honest and upright citizen. His political views make him a Democrat, and for many years he has been a leader in the ranks of the Democratic party. In the Chest- nut Level Presbyterian Church Mr. Harner has for many years been not only a constant attendant, but a liberal supporter and active and useful member, serving a number of years as trustee. The marriage of John S. Harner was on Feb. 3, 1859, to Miss Lucinda L. Long, of Drumore town- ship, a daughter of James B. and Catherine (Jeffer- son) Long, one of the old and honorable families of southern Lancaster county. Mrs. Harner was born Jan. 26, 1839, and she was one in a family of nine children, five of these growing to maturity : Mar- garet, who married Robert Rutter, of Ohio ; J. Har- rison, a retired farmer of Drumore township ; Lu- cinda ; George, deceased ; and Robert L., a prominent citizen of Phoenix, Arizona. A family of three children was born to Mr. and Mi-s. Harner: Mary C, born in i860, wife of James Kilgore, of York county, Pa.; J. Wiimer, born in 1865 and married to Belle Wivel, of Dru- more township : Charles L., born on April 20, 1872, married to Elizabeth Bayd, of Drumore township, and serving as the competent manager of his father's farm, in Martic township. The family is one well known and most highly esteemed in this locality, ■being especially noted for those sterling qualities which belong to a community's best citizens. JOPIN GEIST. Among the retired farmers of Lancaster county John Geist takes a leading posi- tion, being a man of large means and much public spirit. Mr. Geist was born in West Lampeter township Sept. 4, 1829, and he was a son of John and Eliza (Powell) Geist, natives, respectively, of Strasburg and East Lampeter townships. By trade the elder John Geist was a wagon maker, which bus- iness he carried on in connection with his farming operations. Some time prior to his death he gave up active work. Father Geist was born July 29, 1804, and died May 21, 1866. His first wife was born March sg, 1809, and died March 9, 1844, both be- ing buried in Mellinger's cemetery. These worthy people had been devoted members of the Reformed Mennonite Church. The children of these parents were : Anna, who died young ; Daniel, who died in Ohio and was twice married, the first time to Mary Kreider ; John ; Marv J., Amos. Barbara, Elizabeth and Emma, who all died young; and Susanna R., who married Henrv Rudy. The second marriage of Mr. Geist was to Susanna Burkholder, and to this union one daugh- ter was born, Martha, who married Rev. Abraham Kurtz and died in 1898. The paternal grandparents of John Geist were Philip and Barbara Geist, natives of Baden, Germany, the former of whom came to America at the age of eighteen in order to avoid service in the German army. Philip Geist was a son of George Geist, a native of Wittenberg, Germany, who came to America in 1763, locating in Strasburg, Lancaster county, where his two brothers, Simon and Leonard, already resided. John Geist received a good common school edu- cation and made his home with his parents until he was about twenty-five years old, although at the age of seventeen he began to learn the carpenter trade, which kept him from home a part of the time. Later he engaged in farming in East Lampeter town- ship, moving to his present farm in Upper Leacock township, six miles east of Lancaster, in 1875, where he remained actively engaged in general farming until July 14, 1896 ; then he removed to his present residence on the same farm, while his son took the old home and relieved his father of the work. This is one of the fine farms in this part of Lancaster county, comprising loo acres of well improved, finely cultivated and productive land. John Geist was rriarried Nov. 9, 1854, in Lan- caster, to Miss Charlotte Harnish, and the children bom to this union were : Martin, who died at the age of fourteen years; Lizzie Ann, who married Kinder Bender, of Leacock township, and has a fam- ily of eight children ; Mary J., who married O. S. Eckert, a fanner of West Earl township, and has four children ; Ida A., a young lady, at home ; Willis, the farmer on the old homestead, who married Laura Stoner, has two children, and is one of the school directors; Lotta, a young girl at home; Morten, Emma and John, who died in infancy. Mrs. Charlotte Harnish Geist was born in East Lampeter township Oct. 4, 1832, and was a daughter of Martin and Anna (Weidler) Harnish, the former a farmer of West Lampeter township, where he died in 1840, at the age of thirty-eight years, and the latter a native of Leacock township. The mother survived until she was eighty-two years old, dying in 1876; and she was buried in the private burying grounds on the old farm. Both parents of Mrs. Geist were worthy Christian people, devout members of the Reformed Mennonite Church. Their chil- dren were : Benjamin W., who operated a foundry and died in 1890; Elizabeth, who was the wife of Edwin Betzer and died in i860; Charlotte, the wife of Mr. Geist; and Samuel, a moulder of Lancaster. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Geist was Martin Harnish, a farmer and distiller who became a resi- dent of Ohio, but died while visiting in Lancaster county. Mr. Geist has been identified with a number of leading business interests of Lancaster county and for ten years has been a director in the Farmer's National Bank of Lancaster. In politics he is a Republican, and socially he is respected and esteemed by all who know him. CHRIST S. HOFFMAN, of Elizabethtown, Lancaster county, was born April 22, 1824, in Caer- narvon township, that county, son of Christ and 488 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Magdalina (Sclineder) Hoffman, both natives of Lancaster county. The father was a general mer- chant, and died at Vogansville, Lancaster county, in 1868, when seventy-two years old. His widow passed away the following year, at the age of seven- ty-five. In his earlier years he was a tailor, then became a farmer, and later followed a mercantile career for many years. Both parents were members of the Reformed Church. They had the following family: Amos, who died in infancy; Christ S.; Sarah, who married Daniel Bushong and (second) Cyrus McQuaid, and is now deceased; Magdalena A., late wife of Ezra Burkholder ; Catherine, living in Erie county. Pa., the widow of Graybill Myers; and. Herman, an auctioneer at Vogansville. Christ S. Hoffman was married in Vogansville, in 1852, to Frances Groff, and they became the par- ents of two children, Mary and Emma. Mary is the wife of A. E. Jacoby, a school teacher, .and is living in Elizabethtown ; they have two children, Christ H. and Ella F. Emma is unmarried, and is at home. Mrs. Frances ( Groff) Hoffman was born in Earl- township Feb. 6, 1833, daughter of Mark S. and Nancy (Good) Groff, both natives of Lancaster county. Her father began life as a farmer, but spent the latter part of his active years in the lumber business in Vogansville. Mr. Hoffman worked on the tailor's bench until he was thirteen years old, under his father. When he was thirteen he began working on a farm, where he remained until seventeen years of age, and then entered a mercantile establishment where he spent ten years. Fiom 1852 to 1872 he followed survey- ing and conveyancing, at Vogansville, and then moved to Lancaster, continuing the same business. Eleven years later he removed to Elizabethtown, where he continues as conveyancer at this writing. At Vogansville he was justice of the peace for five years. He is a Dem.ocrat in his political views. Mr. and Mrs. Hoffman are members of the Re- formed Church and are prominent and much re- spected members of the community. JACOB H. BOMBERGER, who has been in the leaf tobacco business in Warwick for a number of years, comes of an old and always respected fam- ily of Lancaster county, his ancestors having set- tled here early in the eighteenth century. Mr. Bomberger is a grandson of John Bom- berger, who is mentioned elsewhere, and a son of Jacob Bomberger, who was born on the old home- stead farm, near Lititz, Oct. i, 1824. He was a farmer, and followed farming on an extensive scale until his death, which occurred May 14, 1885. He was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. Jacob Bomberger married Miss Barbara, daughter of Christian Hess, and they became the parents of three children, viz. : Anna, wife of Henry G. Sli- der ; Maria, wife of H. Reist Landis ; and Jacob H. Jacob H. Bomberger was born on the old home- stead Oct. ID, i860, and lived at home with his fa- ther until he was twenty-three years of age. He was educated in the common schools of the county and attended through one term at the Lititz Acad- emy, after which he began life for himself, farm- ing on the old homestead for five years. He then moved to Warwick, where he has been engaged in the leaf tobacco business. In politics Mr. Bom- berger has always affiliated with the Republican party, but he never sought office. On Oct. 16, 1883, Mr. Bomberger wedded Miss Anna B. Bollinger, daughter of Hiram Bollinger, of Lincoln, Pa., and to this union have been born four children, namely: Hiram B., Barbara B., Jacob. B. and Clayton B., all of whom are at home. Mr. Bomberger is one of the best-known resi- dents of this section of Lancaster county, and he has attained high standing among the suDstantial citizens as an honorable, public spirited and reli- able business man. He is fully alive to the best interests of his section, and is a worthy representa- tive of Warwick township. SAMUEL HARTMAN belongs to a family which has taken a prominent and honorable part in the history of East Lampeter township and Lancas- ter county for two centuries. He is a great-grandson of Jacob Hartman, a Mennonite preacher, who was born in East Lampeter township in 1714 and fol- lowed farming all his life. In 1755 he built the house yet standing on the family farm still in good repair. He was the father of three sons and three daughters. The daughters were : Ester, who mar- ried David Huber; Fannie, wife of Henry Hess; and Annie, who died at home, unmarried. Henry Hartman, the grandfather of our subject, was born on the same old farm and spent his entire life there, engaged at farming. In religion he was one of the Old Mennonites. He married Miss Cath- erine Hildebrand,- and they were the parents of six children : Henry, the father of Samuel ; Catherine, wife of Daniel Stauft'er ; Nancy, wife of Jacob Buck- waiter; Elizabeth, wife of John Stauffer; Fannie, wife of Joseph Hershey ; and Hettie, wife of Jacob Rife. Henry Hartman was also born on the old farm, Nov. 27, 1808, inherited the place from his father and continued to farm until his death, which oc- curred Feb. 28, 1879. Mr. Hartman was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. On Nov. 5, 1833, he married Miss Elizabeth Eby, daughter of Samuel Eby, and they had a family of six children : Sam- uel; Anna, born March 21, 1836, the widow of Sam- uel Landis ; Elizabeth, born March 12, 1837, de- ceased wife of John Esbenshade; Catherine, born June 14, 1849 .• Henry, born Feb. 6, 1853, who mar- ried Nettie Hostetter and lives at Ephrata; Aaron, born Oct. 20, 1856, who married Frances Diefen- baugh and is a resident of East Lampeter. Samuel Hartman was born Aug. 22, 1834, on the old Hartman farm, being of the fourth or fifth generation who have been born and lived all their Jc^c^ AfStr^.^^'^^^^:^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 489 Jives there. Samuel Hartman, however, moved to Chester county for twelve years, after which he re- turned to the old place, and there he has remained ever since. He was educated in the common schools of the county. The farm which Mr. Hartman so successfully cultivates, comprising about eighty- tliree acres, is one of the oldest in Lancaster county and is the original farm owned by his ancestors sev- eral generations back, and which has always re- mained in the family. He is deeply interested in the moral and material welfare of Lancaster county, and is ranked among its substantial, highly respected citi- zens. Politically he is a Republican. Like his ancestors, he is a member of the Old Mennonite Church. On Nov. I, i860, Mr. Hartman wedded Miss Catherine Price, daughter of Andrew Price, of West Lampeter township, and this union has been blessed with -eight children: Andrew P., born Aug. 3, 3861, now of Philadelphia; Elizabeth, born Sept. 5, 1862, wife of John Huber; Henry, born Nov. 13, 1863, still at home; EUanora, born Sept. 12, 1866, ■who died in childhood ; Milton, born Sept. i, 1868, "who died in infancy ; Susan, born Jan. 30, 1871, wife of John Shurtz, of Lancaster; Amanda, born Aug. 27, . 1873, still at home ; and Samuel, born July 3, 1878, who died in infancy. Mrs. Hartman died Feb. 23, 1898, aged sixty-four years, nine months and thirteen days. ISAAC MECKLEY. Among the prominent, substantial and representative citizens of Mt. Joy township who have done much for the advancement tind perfection of agriculture in Lancaster county is Isaac Meckley, a retired farmer, residing near Eliz- abethtown. Mr. Meckley was born in Mt. Joy township on 3. farm adjoining his present property March 21, 1819, a son of Melchor and Elizabeth (Hoffer) Meckley, both of whom were natives of Germany. They came to America in their young married life, settling first in Dauphin, but later removing to Lan- caster county and locating in Mt. Joy township. The first marriage of Melchor Meckley was to a Miss Grubb, and their children, John, Christian, Jacob and Elizabeth, are all dead. He then married a Miss Newcomer, the children of this union being: Joseph and Susan. Then he married the mother of our subject, who died Dec. i, 1875, at the age of eighty-three years, and their children were: Sam- uel, deceased, who married Mary Bristol; Benjamin, deceased, who married Barbara Halderman ; Henry, deceased, who married Eliza Henry; and Isaac. Although Mr. Meckley of this record began Jife as a poor boy, dependent entirely upon his own re- sources from an early age, through energy and per- severance he in time became possessed of more means than wej-e the farmers for whom he so faith- fully worked in his boyhood. He learned the car- penter trade and was kept busy and made money for a number of years, but in 1861 he decided to engage in fanning. At first this was no very easy matter, for at that time much of the labor-saving machinery now in use was not even invented, all that the horses could not do being necessarily performed by hand, the few machines then on the market being far beyond his reach. However, Mr. Meckley was regarded as an excellent farmer and by hard work obtained good crops and accumulated money. In 1880 he retired from active labor, owning two fine farms, one in Dauphin county and another in Lan- caster county. In politics he is a Republican. In January, 1859, Mr. Meckley was married, in Lancaster, to Miss Barbara Coble, and the family born to this union consisted of two children, Da^ad C. and Anna. David C, who is a farmer in Mt. Joy township, married, in 1883, Miss Emma Garber, born In Dauphin county, daughter of John and Sarah (Peck) Garber, of that county. Mr. and Mrs. David Meckley have three children, Walter, Ralph E. and John. Anna, deceased, married Solomon Espen- shade and had two children, Harvey and Estella. Mrs. Meckley was born in Dauphin county Sept. 7, 1825, and died Dec. i, 1869, aged forty-four years. She was buried in Dauphin county. Her parents were Christian and Elizabeth (Hoffer) Coble, of Dauphin county. Both Isaac Meckley and his son are held in high esteem in Mt. Joy township as reliable, upright and honora;ble men. In every public matter that comes up in the community they give an influence in the direction that will prove of benefit to the township, while in private life they are known as excellent neighbors and kind and helpful friends, men of char- acter and standing, SIDWELL T. WILSON. For many years the late Sidwell T. Wilson was a prominent and suc- cessful farmer, as well as a highly esteemed citizen of Little Britain township, identified with its best agricultural and religious progress. He was born in this township on Oct. 25, 1828, on the same farm where his useful and valued life ended on April 16, 1892. His parents were Needham and Jane (Patter- son) Wilson, the ancestors of the family having originated in Scotland and Ireland. The Wilson family settled in early days in Lan- caster county and were members of the Society of Friends. Grandfather Benjamin Wilson married Anna Sidwell, the former being English and the latter bringing in the Scotch-Irish strain. Need- ham Wilson, the son of Benjamin, and the father of the late Sidwell, was born May 15, 1797, and died Sept. 22, 1872. His widow survived until Sept. 7, i8qo, dying at the age of ninety-four years. Their children were: Dorestus, a coal dealer in Chester county ; Sidwell T. ; Silvia A., who married George Bockius, deceased; Dr. Needham, a physician in Philadelphia ; and J. M.., of Fairmount. Through a long and industrious life Sidwell Wil- son so lived that when he was called from earth he left the world better for his having lived in it, and 490 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY was sincerely mourned by a large circle of friends. He was a liberal contributor to the Presbyterian Church, generously forwarding all of its enterprises in the direction of missions and charity. His politi- cal adherence was given to the Democratic party, and he consistently voted to support its measures and to elect its c'andidates. The marriage of Sidwell T. Wilson was to Miss Margaret A. Hill, who was born in Britain town- ship Jan. 13, 1834, a daughter of Thomas and Eleanor (Killough) Hill; the father was born in the State of New York, about 1803, and died June 12, 1866, in Britain township, in this county. The •mother of Mrs. Wilson was born in 1804 and died in 1875, having borne two children: Sarah, of Little Britain township, and Margaret A., who is the widow of the late Sidwell T. Wilson. Mrs. Wilson still resides on the old home farm, esteemed and beloved by relatives and friends. She has long been a valued member of the Little Britain Presbyterian Church, and is widely known for her neighborly kindness and Christian virtues. Her family is one of the old and highly respected ones of Lancaster county. WALTER F. BICKNELL, a retired farmer of Fulton township, Lancaster county, is a substantial citizen of the community. He comes from an Eng- lish family, but was born in this country, having first seen the light of day on Dec. 24, 1832, in Fulton township. John Bicknell, his father, was born in England in 1785 and came to this country in early manhood. In 1810 he married Miss May Porritt, and they reared a family of eleven children, eight of whom grew to mature years, Samuel, Mary, John, Sarah, Isaac, Anna, William and Walter F., the youngest of the family. Walter F. Bicknell married Rebecca, daughter of Caleb Thomas, of Fiiltori township, Oct. 18, 1866. Mrs. Bicknell's family is also of English origin. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Bicknell has been blessed with three children: Howard W., born in. 1868, is on a part of the original home farm ; Fred- erick C. manages the home place; and George H. is in Little Britain township. Mrs. Bicknell was born in 1837 and still enjoys most excellent health. Mr. Bicknell recently sold his farm of 180 acres to his sons, Howard and Frederick, who are operat- ing it. Mr. Bicknell was a volunteer of Co. B, 99th P. v., during the Civil war, enlisting in July, 1861. He served in the army of the Potomac under Gen. George B. McClellan, and took part in all of the Vir- ginia, Potomac and James River campaigns, during which occurred some of the hardest fought battles of the Civil war. He was at the battle of the Wilder- ness, Gettysburg, Petersburg and the siege of Rich- mond, and was a faithful, hard-fighting soldier through it all, till July 31, 1864, when his term of service expired. Mr. Bicknell is a professor of the Quaker religious faith and is a strong Republican in politics. He still enjoys excellent health, notwith- standing his arduous experience in the army. He is well known and respected by all his neighbors for his many fine traits of character. JOHN KREIDER, in his life-time one of the leading men of Lancaster county, was born in Lea- cock township April 27, 1838, a son of Jacob and Anna (Buckwalter) Kreider, and died March i,. 1897. His youth was passed in Leacock township,, and after his marriage he removed to Leaman Place,, in Paradise township. Mr. Kreider was married 'Jan. 10, 1865, to Cath- erine Ann, a daughter of Jacob and Lydia Ann (Buckwalter) Leaman, who was born in East Lam- peter township Dec. 16, 1842. After their mar- riage they located on the farm where Mrs. Kreider is still living. This fann originally contained 104 acres, but several lots have been sold from it; and it now contains ninety-five acres. It is highly im- proved, and is classed among the best of the county. Here Mr. Kreider spent his active life in farming. He never sought or held public station, and was closely devoted to his domestic interests, preferring the comforts and delights of home to any possible pleasure found elsewhere. Both husband and wife belonged to the Presbyterian Church. Mr. and Mrs. Kreider were the parents of five children, only two of whom survive. An infant daughter, born Aug. 6, 1866, died the same day; Charles B., born April 2, 1871, died Feb. 15, 1873; Jacob H., born Dec. 16, 1874, died May 4, 1875. Elam L., a music teacher of Leaman Place, was born Oct. 2, 1868 ; he married Miss Alice Mylin, and is the father of two children, Katherine Barbara and Marian Mylin; Lydia Ann, born Aug. 16, 1877, is at home. All the family are musical, and as noted above the son is a professional teacher, and has achieved a substantial success in his calling. He, with his wife and sister, belongs, to the Presbyterian Church. The home bears the name of "Willow Burn Farm." Jacob K. and Lydia Ann Leaman were among the honored people of the county. He was bomi in Lancaster township Nov. 28, 1819, and died May 28, 1889. He was the son of Benjamin and Cath- erine (Kreider) Leaman. Mr. Leaman was reared and spent the most of his life in East Lampeter and Leacock townships, and became one of the leading farmers of his time. His homestead he divided into four farm for his sons. For nine years he was school director. He was married Nov. 26, 1840, to Lydia Ann Buckwalter, a daughter of Abraham and Ann (Witmer) Buckwalter. She was born July 11, 1823, and is still living in the full enjoyment of health and mind. A lady of culture and refinement, her age only serves to accent her grace and dignity. Reared in East Lampeter township,. the most of her life was spent in her native community. Since the death of her husband she has made her home with her daughter, Mrs. John Kreider. The father and BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 491 mother were both members of the Mennonite Church. To this worthy couple were born : Cath- erine Ann, the widow 6T John Kreider; Susan E., the wife of Ephraim Hershey, of Salisbury township ; Elam W., of Leacock township; Anna Mary, who married Simon Denlinger, of Paradise township, and is dead ; Jacob B., a farmer of Leacock township ; Lydia E., the wife of Aaron H. Duffenbach, of Greenland; Franl^lin K., a retired farmer of Gor- donville; Ezra H., a manufacturer of cigar boxes in Paradise township. JOSEPH PENNY, a farmer of Colerain town- ship, Lancaster county, was born in Drumore town- ship Nov. 23, 1840, and is a son of Hugh and Sarah ("Wentz") Penny, both natives of Drumore township. Hugh Penny was born June 12, 1812, and his wife Sept. 25, 1817. Hugh Penny was a son of Joseph and Mary (Long) Penny, both of whom were born in this county, and were descended from Scotch-Irish par- entage. Joseph Penny, the grandfather, first settled near thp Buck, where he established the present fam- ily. He had a family of two sons and four daugh- ters : James ; Hugh ; Sarah A., widow of John Wentz, who had five sons and four daughters ; Mary J., wife of Thomas Wentz, of Martic township ; Han- nah M., who niarried William Wentz, of Martic township, both of whom are dead ; Harriet, married to John S. Morrison, both deceased. James Penny married Mariah Wentz, and made a home near the old family estate, near Buck. His widow and one son are still living on the old home- stead in Drumore township. Hugh Penny was reared to manhood under the parental roof, and, given a common school education. He and his wife lived and died on the family home- stead. His death occurred in 1881, and his widow- passed away in 1885. In early life they were asso- ciated with the Friends, but in their later years united with the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Penny was a staunch Democrat, and held local offices in Drumore township. He was the father of seven children, (i) Mary M., born in August, 1836, married Henry Pegan, of Martic township. They settled in Dru- more township, where she died in October, 1876; leaving three daughters: Ida married .Samuel Grove ; Eva married Wilkie Grove, and is now dead ; Lena married Robert Wickersham, of Chester coun- ty. (2) Joseph Penny. (3) Sarah A., born in Drumore township m January, 1843, married Thomas Wilson, of Stewartstown, York county, where they live retired. (4) Mariah J., born Oct. 16, 1844, married Aldus Aument, of East Drumore township, whose sketch may be seen elsewhere. (5) William C, born Jan. 29, 1848, married Mary Buckius, of Lancaster county, and has his home on the old place in Drumore township. (6) Hugh J., born in June, 1852, married Miss Lizzie Phillips, of Colerain township, and is engaged as a merchant in Russellville, Chester county. They have one daughter, Etta. (7) Laura, born March 8, 1856, was educated in the Academy at Chestnut Level, and married Prof. William Overholt, of Little Britain townsbip. He is now a retired druggist in Balti- more. They have a son and a daughter living, Mirton and Hallie, both of whom livfe in Baltimore, . the daughter being at home. Joseph Penny was reared on the home farm and igiven a common school education in Drumore town- ship. He was married Jan. 5, 1871, to Hannah M., a daughter of Mahlon and Anna M. (Dare) Pusey. Mrs. Penny was born April 18, 1848, and was reared to womanhood in the old home at Puseyville, where she attended the Union High School. Mahlon Pusey was twice married, Mrs. Penny being a daughter of the second marriage, to which were born seven children : George, of Oxford ; Rebecca, the wife of Hugh Long, of East Drumore town- ship ; Emma ; Sarah, the wife of Lindly Hutton, of Belmar, N. J. ; Ada ; Rose, the wife of Frank Herr, of Little Britain township; and Hannah M. Mr. and Mrs. Penny settled on a farm in West Drumore township, where they lived about four years, when they moved to Puseyville, where Mr. Penny was engaged in the milling business for some ten years. In 1885 he bought the farm where he is found to-day. It was then known as the Bunting farm and was two miles south of the Union. Since coming there they have rebuilt the dwelUng house and made many substantial and elegant improve- ments. To them have come a daughter and a son. Anna M., born in Drumore township, received her education in the Union High School of Colerain, and is an accomplished young lady. Cheyney was a student of the Union High School. In November, 1900, he was married to Belle, a daughter of Abram and Matilda McConnell, and now lives on his farm in Little Britain township. The Penny family are all associated with the Un- ion Presbyterian Church. Mr. Penny has always been a Democrat, has been school director in Cole- rain township, and since 1888 has been a director of the Union High School, being also school treasurer. Mrs. Penny's grandfather, Rev. Elkanah Dare, was the first Presbyterian minister who preached in the Union Presbyterian Church in Colerain town- ship. SILAS E. GROFF, one of the leading and pro- gressive farmers of Paradise township, Lancaster county, owner of a well improved farm, located three miles northeast of Strasburg borough, is the representative of One of the old and honored families of the county. John Groff, his paternal grandfather, familiarly known as "Swamp John," was one of the substan- tial citizens of Paradise township, and there reared a large family of children. Of the latter, Sarah mar- ried a Mr. Dripps ; Louisa married Henry Girvin, and they resided first in Paradise township and later in Bart township ; Alice married a school teacher. 492 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Mr. Clark, and removed from Lancaster county; Lizzie died unmarried; Isaac emigrated to Colum- biana county, Ohio, and there married and engaged in farming; John removed to Maryland, where he became a farmer ; George, the father of Silas E., was a farmer of Paradise township ; Jacob studied medi- cine and became one of the prominent practitioners of Strasburg, acquiring considerable wealth. George Groflf, the father of Silas E., was reared in Paradise township and educated in the public schools. He married Miss Ann Eshleman, who was born May 22, 1804, the daughter of Jacob and Mary (Brackbill) Eshleman. George Groff was a life- long farmer, operating a property of 140 acres and becoming one of the influential, substantial citizens of Lancaster coimty. He and his wife were mem- bers of the Old Mennonite Church. To George and Ann (Eshleman) GroflE were born five children, as follows : Aldus John, born June 13, 1837, a re- tired farmer of Lancaster City; Mary V., born Oct. 23, 1839, a resident of Strasburg borough ; Silas E. ; Emma E., born June 10, 1844, who married Martin B. Rohrer, formerly of Paradise, now of Strasburg, and died in July, 1891 ; and an infant son, deceased. George, the father, died March 20, 1880, and his wife passed away Jan. 31, 1875. Silas E. Grofl' was born March 6, 1842, on a. farm in Paradise township adjoining that where he now lives. He was reared in his native township. He received a fair education in the common schools and supplemented the instruction there obtained by an attendance at Paradise Academy and at the Mil- lersville State Normal School. At this time he joined a militia regiment under Col. Franklin, and served the Union about ten weeks. Soon after completing his education he entered upon his life work as a farmer, locating in 1867 upon the farm which he still occupies. Improvements upon the property were then very poor, but with his father he laas since erected good substantial buildings, and the place is now one of the well improved and highly cultivated farms in this part of Lancaster county. In connection with his own farm of seventy-nine acres, Mr. Groff operates another of 100 acres, and is also engaged in handling stock. He is recognized as one of the progressive and foremost agriculturists of Paradise township, and he aims to keep con- stantly in touch with the best interests of the com- munity, being ever ready to assist in any enterprise for the public good. In'politics he affiliates with the Republican party, but he has never sought nor ac- cepted public office. On Feb. 27, 1878, Mr. Groff married Miss S. Elizabeth Keneagy, daughter of Henry and Sarah Ann CRowe") Keneagy, a granddaughter of Henry and Sarah (Sherts) Keneagy. The grandfather was in his day a distiller in Paradise township, conduct- ing a large and extensive business. He died com- paratively early in life, leaving six children, namely : Susan, who remained single ; John S., a farmer and distiller of Paradise township ; Jacob, who removed to Chicago, ill.; Henry, the father of Mrs. Groff; Christian, a farmer and distiller ; and Samuel, a phy- sician of Strasburg. Henry Keneagy was born Dec. 26, 1817, and for two years of his life was the suc- cessful keeper of a hotel in Strasburg and East Lampeter township, but he devoted most of his life to the pursuit of farming. He died Aug. 27, 1872, and his wife, who was born Oct. 6, 1827, died April 21, 1864. Three children were born to Henry and Sarah Ann Keneagy, namely: Charles R., a resi- dent of Strasburg; S. Elizabeth, wife of Mr. Groff; and William A., a resident of Strasburg. The family of Silas E. and S. Elizabeth Groff consists of two children : Mary R., born Sept. 26, 1888 ; and John E., born May 22, 1890. Mrs. Groff is a member of the Presbyterian Church. The fam- ily are held in higli esteem throughout the com- munity. WILLIAM B. GIVEN. The Given family is of Scotch-Irish descent. James Given, the grand- father of William B., was born in Ireland, and emi- grated to America in early life, settling in -Chester county. Pa. Later he moved to Columbia, Lan- caster county, where he engaged in lumbering when the lumber was brought down the river in rafts. He became quite prosperous, and at the time of his death was the possessor of considerable weahh. Po- litically he was a Democrat, and he was a man of prominence in the community wherein he dwelt. A very active worker in the Methodist Episcopal Church, he bore a high reputation for personal in- tegrity and worth. He married a Miss Mercer, and they had eight children, among whom was William F., the father of William B. William F. Given was born near Downingtowri, in Chester county, Jan. 20, 1813, and in 1816 came to Columbia, where he grew to man's estate, and succeeded to the business of his father, from which he retired quite earlv in life, with a competency. He was a director in the Columbia National Bank and in the Columbia Bridge Company. In religion he was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Columbia, and in politics he was a Demo- crat. On his retirement from active business, in 1859, he purchased a farm near the city of Balti- more, Md., and settled thereon, and there his death occurred in 1862. Mr. Given was, Oct. 26, 1853, married to Miss Susan A., daughter of Rev. Will- iam Barns, of Philadelphia, and they had children : Laura, William B., Mercer, Frank S. and Mar- tha W. William B. Given was born Sept. 25, 1855, in Columbia, though Maryland, to which he early re- moved, was the scene of his boyhood experiences. He pursued his studies when a lad at the public schools of Maryland, later at the Saunders Insti- tute, Philadelphia, and then at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, from which he graduated in his twentieth year. Having chosen the law as his profession, he began his studies in the office X^y^^tlLi, CLt^vi^ (Aj-eM/ ^^^^^^^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 493 of Hon. Vincent L. Bradford and E. Ray, Esq., Philadelphia, and completed them under the direc- tion of H. M. North, Esq., in Columbia. Upon his admission to the Bar, in 1876, he became established as a practitioner in Columbia, where he has since resided, and has an office. Mr. Given has, by his thorough knowledge of law, his studious habits, and the zeal and ability exhibited in the interest of his clients, won an enviable position at the Lancaster Bar. He has also been admitted to practice in the Supreme court of the State of Pennsylvania, and in the Supreme court of the United States. He has always manifested a deep interest in public affairs, especially in measures tending to the advancement of education, and for nine years was an active member of the school board and president of the same for two years. Until 1896 Mr. Given was a Democrat, and was an active and prominent member of that party. He was a member of the State Committee several years, and his services on the stump in every campaign were eagerly sought. In 1877 he was the candidate of his party for the office of district attorney, and was nominated for Congressional honors in 1882, but was defeated for both offices, as his party was largely in the minority. In 1892 he was sent as a dele- gate to the National Convention which nominated Grover Cleveland for the Presidency. Again, in 1896, he was chairman of the Democratic State Convention, which convened in Allentown, Pa., and on taking the chair sounded the keynote in Penn- sylvania for sound money. His position on the financial question made Mr. Given a delegate to the National Democratic Convention of 1896, where he was an ardent advocate of sound money. Upon the nomination of William J. Bryan, Mr. Given left the convention, denouncing the platform and its candidate. He returned to Pennsylvania and as- sisted in reorganizing the sound Democratic move- ment, and was a delegate-at-large to the conven- tion of sound Democrats held at Indianapolis, and was subsequentlv elected and served as State chair- man of that party in Pennsylvania. Since 1896 he has taken no active part in politics, but in 1900 he cast his vote for William McKinley. Mr. Given is prominently identified with many business enterprises in Lancaster county and else- where. He is president of the Columbia Trust Company, the Conestoga Traction Company (own-, ing all the electric railway lines in Lancaster coun- ty), the Lancaster County Railway & Light Com- pany, the Wilson Laundry Machinery Company, the Gas Light & Fuel Company, of Lancaster, and the Edison Electric Illuminating Company, of Lancas- ter, and is a director in no less than twenty-two different corporations and railway companies in Lancaster county. Recently the laundry machin- ery companies of the United States were formed into a trust, having a capitalization of $16,000,000, and Mr. Given has been elected a director in this giant corporation. In 1878 Mr. Given was married to Mary E., the only daughter of Abraham Bruner, and this union has been blessed with four children : Erna B., Jane Bruner, Williarri Barns and Susan Emily. FRANK SCOTT GIVEN. That ability aided by perseverance and industry leads to a success in whatever line of biisiness a man may adopt, is shown in the career of Frank Scott Given, of Co- lumbia, who was born there Aug. 4, 1859, son of William F. and Susan A. (Barns) Given. Fail- ing health led his father to remove to a farm in Worthington Valley, Baltimore Co., Md., when Frank S. was but six weeks old. Change of resi- dence did not bring the hoped for relief, and the father passed away a few months after settling on the farm. Being anxious to provide additional ad- vantages for her children, Mr. Given's mother, after her husband's death, removed to Westminster, Md. Learning that the farm^ was not receiving proper attention, and believing that better schools might be found in Reisterstown, she took up her residence there, and remained five years, when she removed to Columbia, where she now resides. Her father, Williani Barns, was a noted Methodist Episcopal preacher, known throughout the Eastern States for his eloquence. He was born in Cookstown, County Tyrone, Ireland, and died in Philadelphia in No- vember, 1865. Mr. and Mrs. William F. Given had five children: Laura, who died in infancy; William B.; Mercer, who died in infancy; Frank S. ; and Martha Washington, wife of Howard B. Rhodes, of Columbia. At the age of fourteen Frank Scott Given en- tered the employ of the Philadelphia & Reading Railway Company, as a messenger boy in the office of the general agent, at Philadelphia. He remained with that corporation fourteen years, demonstrating, by his mental capacity, integrity and rare executive ability, his right to rapid promotion. For three years he occupied the desk of a way bill clerk, and was then made general foreman of all the Willow- street wharfs, which responsible position he filled for five years. Under the first' administration of President Cleveland, Mr. Given was appointed as- sistant superintendent of the stamp division in the Philadelphia post office, which office he held three years, when he was promoted to the position of night superintendent of mails, from which he re- signed in 1 89 1. Feeling the need of rest, he re- turned to his native town, but was not long idle, as he received the dual office of secretary and super- intendent of the Columbia & Ironville Passenger Railway Co., whose line was then in the process of construction. After its completion he was made superintendent of construction between Columbia and Marietta, and was later made superintendent of both branches. In 1894 all the trolley lines in Lan- caster county were consolidated under the name of the Pennsylvania Traction Company, and Mr. Given was made superintendent of the Columbia division. 494 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY The Company became financially involved and passed into the hands of a receiver, William B. Given, a brother of Frank S., being placed in con- trol. The company's affairs were successfully ad- justed and a reorganization was effected under the style of the Conestoga Traction Company, with Frank S. Given as general manager. The company at this time (December, 1901) operates a trackage of 104 miles, giving to the people of Lancaster county rapid transit to nearly all of the towns, vil- lages and boroughs in the county, as well as hand- some dividends to the stockholders. Mr. Given is also connected with other important and prosperous busi- ness enterprises, the building up of which have ma- terially added to the prosperity of Lancaster county. He is president, treasurer and director of the Tri- umph Embroidery Company; also a director in the following enterprises : ■ The Columbia Brewing Company, the Wilson Laundry Machinery Company, and the Conestoga Traction Company, and the un- derlying companies leased and operated by it. As above stated, he is general manager of the Conestoga Traction Company, and in addition thereto is gen- eral manager of the Lancaster Gas Light & Fuel Company, the Edison Electric Illuminating Com- pany, Columbia Electric Light & Power Company, and of the seventy miles of pikes controlled and leased by the Conestoga Traction Company. When the Columbia Real Estate Exchange was organized, in 1895, he was chosen its president, and is still in its directory. He has never cared for public office, but in 1896 consented to assume the duties of chief of the Columbia Fire Department, and was chairman of the committee that raised $3,250 for the entertaining of the visiting firemen on the oc- casion of the Centennial of Fire Company No. i, of Columbia. Of this celebrated company of fire- men Mr. Given has been marshal for six years, and during that time, until 1901^ it took first prize for parading the largest number and appearing as the finest body of men at the annual gathering of Penn- sylvania firemen. Mr. Given is a Democrat in politics, but too much absorbed in business to seek political office or to take a working interest in political matters. He attends the services of the Episcopal Church, in which his wife is a communicant. As a manager of men Mr. Given is a complete success. While liberal and kind of heart, he is strict with his employes where the welfare and safety of the patrons of the road he manages are concerned, and demands of every employe a strict attention to duty.' While his men know that neglect of duty will be followed by reprimand or worse, they also know that they will have justice, and because of this he is respected by every man in his employ. On May 25, 1897, at Columbia, Mr. Given was married to Mrs. Mary Gordon Schram, widow of the late William M. Schram, a well known jeweler of Lebanon, Lebanon Co., Pa. Mrs. Given is one of thirteen children born to William and Margaret (Blaykes^ Gordon, twelve of whom died in child- hood. Her parents originally lived near Dublin, Ire- land, whence they emigrated to America. Her fa- ther was a man of large means, and prominently identified with various transportation interests. Mr. Gordon died Aug. 20, 1881, aged sixty-two, and his widow passed away Aug. 4, 1884, in her fifty- ninth year, both in the religious faith of the Estab- lished Church. Mrs. Given's first husband, Mr. Schram, died in September, 1889, within five months after their marriage, at the early age of twenty- two years. A posthumous child was born, a daugh- ter, Hilpa S., who lives with her mother and step- father. Mr. and Mrs. Given are endowed with na- tive refinement and culture, are unassuming in man- ner, affable and courteous to all, in every station of life. Their home is one of the handsomest in Co- lumbia, and in it thev delight to dispense a gener- ous hospitality. Mr. Given's genial disposition has won and kept hosts of friends, while his sagacity and probity command universal respect. PETER E. WITMER, a very well known and successful farmer of Rapho township, Lancaster county, was born in East Donegal township Aug. 26, 1838, a son of Peter F. and Elizabeth (Eshlenian) Witmer. Peter E. Witmer was married Dec. 28, 1865, in Lancaster, Pa., to Elizabeth M. Strickler, by whom he had the following children : Noah S., a farmer in Penn township, married to Anna B. Snively, by whom he has had one son, Jacob, now deceased; Sarah S., unmarried, and living in Landisville, Pa. ; Anna S., living with her brother, Jacob ; Jacob S., a farmer of East Donegal township, who was married Sept. 6, 1900, to Mary Brubaker ; Elizabeth S., Ellen S., Peter S. and Fanny S. are all at home. Mrs. Elizabeth M. (Strickler) Witmer was born on the farm where they are now living Sept. 26, 1841, a daughter of Ulric and Sarah (Miller) Strickler, natives of Rapho and Strasburg townships, respectively. Her father died on what is now the Witmer home farm Nov. 17, 1864, at the age of sixty-three years ; her mother survived until March 31, 1890, when she passed away at the age of seven- ty-nine years. Her father was buried in a private cemetery on an adjoining farm. This was the old Strickler farm, and is closely associated with the early history of the Strickler family. The mother was buried in Salunga, Pa. These were their chil- dren: Mary, the wife of Benjamin Herr, who has a home near Quarryville; Elizabeth, who is Mrs. Witmer; Peter, who died young: Fanny, who died young; David, a farmer in Rapho township; Anna, who married a Mr. Horst, and is dead ; John, a farmer in Manheim township ; Sarah, unmarried, and residing in Salunga, Pa., as does her brother, Henry M., who married, in 1902, Martha Hover, from Lancaster City. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Peter E. Wit- mer were John and Anna (Lehman) Strickler, both BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 495 of Lancaster county, as were her maternal grandpar- ents, John and Ehzabeth (Kramer) Miller. Peter E. "W itmer remained with his parents until three years after his marriage, when he rented a farm in Rapho township, on which he lived a year, and then for eleven years cultivated rented farms. At the end of that time he bought his present home- stead, and has made himself a very creditable stand- ing among the farming citizens of this end of the county. He and his wife belong to the Old Men- nonite Church, and exert a wholesome moral and re- ligious influence on those with whom they come in contact. In politics he is a Republican, and his opinions command respect because they are based on observation, and are the result of sound reflection. CHRISTIAN ROHRER, deceased. There passed away from the scenes of life on June i8, 1897, in his seventy-ninth year, a citizen of Lancaster county whose life had been most usefully spent in his .native county, and whose career was more than ordinarily successful. Christian Rohrer possessed those sterling traits of earnestness, industry and in- tegrity which lie at the base of all true success, and in addition was a man of unusual intelligence and business sagacity, which contributed not a little in establishing his status as one of the influential citi- zens of Paradise township, where he spent most of his active adult life. Christian Rohrer was born in Strasburg township Aug. 3, 1818, the son of Henry and Elizabeth (Ston- •er) Rohrer, among the old and prominent residents of that section. He was reared in his native town- ship, and soon after his marriage, when twenty-six years of age, he settled on a farm of iii acres, lo- cated in Paradise township, three miles, east of Strasburg borough, and there began a career which "was continued most happily and successfully through a long course of years. Upon the farm was located an old saw and grist mill which had been operated b)y water power. Mr. Rohrer soon tore down this old mill and erected on its site the substantial milling plant which is still operated by his son, Henry S. This mill Christian Rohrer conducted in connection with farming, until he retired in favor of his son, Henry S., in 1877. ^^ was eminently qualified for that industrial occupation, for he was one of those men, valuable products of American civilization, who possess mechanical genius of a high order. He took deep interest in public matters and for twenty years or longer was a member of the local school board. He was one of the early stockholders of the Stras- burg NationalBank and for years was one of its di- Tectors. His interest in the general welfare of the community and county was keen and his active aid contributed to the advancement of many worthy en- terprises. About 1885 he took a trip to Missouri and there made large investments, which resulted satisfactorily. His keen insight into business af- fairs and his business judgment continued bright and unerring in his after years. Christian Rohrer married, Dec. 28, 1843, Miss Maria Buckwalter, born Nov. 18, 1820, daughter of Martin Buckwalter, and to them were born the following childien : Elizabeth, widow of John Bachman,, of Strasburg township ; Martin B., a resi- dent of Strasburg borough; Henry S., whose sketch appears below; Emma, wife of William Homan, a resident of Chariton Co., Mo.; Elmira, at home; Ezra, who died at the age of twenty-three years; Mary, who died in September, 1899, the wife of John Stoner, of Chariton county, Mo. ; Ada Susan, who died aged two and a half years ; Ella, who resides at the old homestead : Ida, wife of Elias Mellinger, of Strasburg township. The parents of these children have been devoted and consistent members of the Mennonite Church. Christian Rohrer died June 18, 1897. His widow still survives. Henry S. Rohrer, son of Christian and Maria (Buckwalter) Rohrer, was born Jan. 12, 1848, in Paradise township, on the farm which he now occu- pies. He was educated in the public schools and also attended the academy at Strasburg for two sum- mers. In 1877 he took charge of the home farm and mill, which his father had managed so successfully for many years, and he has since carried the busi- ness to greater proportions. The mills are fitted with the most approved machinery. They are equipped with both steam and water power, and the products include flour and grist, lumber, shingles, lath, etc. A large amount of work is turned out each year. In 1895 Mr. Rohrer built a large reser- voir adjacent to the mill, which supplies it with power and is also used for ice making. He recog- nizes the importance of possessing the best and latest mdustrial appliances and his plant is a model in that respect. Mr. Rohrer married, Jan. 8, 1877, Miss Annie M. Haverstick, who was born in Lancaster town- ship in 1853, daughter of John; N: Haverstick. A family of seven children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Rohrer, namely, Ross H., Mary Alice, John C, Frank H., Ezra (deceased), Anna M. and Henry G. Mr. Rohrer is one of the prosperous and suc- cessful business men of the county. His political convictions are deep and his courage and fidelity in their advocacy have won him influence and wide re- spect. He believes in the Prohibition principles and affiliates with the party advocating the same. Mr. and Mrs. Rohrer are members of the Old Mennonite Church. ABRAHAM R. DENLINGER (deceased) was born Nov. 13, 1846, on the farm adjoining that on which the most of his active life was passed. His death occurred Feb. 22, 1898, in the home where his family still resides. His ashes were interred in the Resh burying ground, a well-known cemetery in Leacock township. Mr. Denlinger was a son of Henry and Lydia (Resh) Denlinger, both natives of Lancaster county, and farming people. They were parents of the fol- 496 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY lowing family : John and Henry, both of whom are dead; Mary, the widow of George Funderburg, of Dayton, Ohio; Anna is the widow of Isaac Bright, also living in Dayton; Abraham R. The paternal grandparents of Abraham R. Denlinger were John and Elizabeth Denlinger, farming people, who were born in Lancaster county. Mr. Denlinger was married in New Holland, Pa., Sept. 12, 1872, by the Rev. M. J. Mumma, to Susanna Groff, by whom he had one child, Fannie F. E., who is now a school teacher. Mrs. Susanna Denlinger was born in Leacock township in 1850, and was a daughter of David and Fannie (Miles) Groff, of East Lampeter town- ship, who lived at the time of her birth near Provi- dence township. Her father was a justice of the peace for many years, and was a school teacher for a long period. Among his many useful labors was surveying for the community. He died in 1857, at the age of fifty-four years ; his widow died in. 1878, at the age of seventy-eight. Both were buried in- Resh cemetery, in Leacock township. To them were born : Lydia, wife of Edwin Brenizer, a cigar manufacturer of Leacock township ; Reuben, a resi- dent of Leacock township ; Isaiah, Amos and Solo- mon, all deceased ; Susanna ; Elias, a coach maker of Paradise township. Abraham R. Denlinger followed farming until 1872, when he sold his place and gave up farming on an extensive scale. He located at Gordonville, Pa., where he had a small estate of six acres. He traveled for several years quite extensively. In 1890 he entered into business relations with the Mutual Life Insurance Company, of New York, and became one of their agents. In his politics he was a Republican, and held a creditable position in the community. THOMAS BAKER, a retired farmer and surveyor of Colerain township, Lancaster county, was born at Chatham, Chester Co., Pa.. July 13, 1822, son of Lewis and Diana (Jackson) Baker, both of whom were born in Chester county, he in 1790, she a few. years later. Mr. Baker traces his ancestry back definitely to Sir Richard Baker, who was born in the county of Kent, England, in 1568, and died in February, 1644. He was the author of the "Chronicles of the Kings of England." His son, John Baker, born in 1598, died about 1672. They are first found in the North of England, where they were property owners in the fifteenth century, and in the seven- teenth century were strong supporters of George Fox, and suffered imprisqnment under Cromwell. About 1650 representatives of the family were at or near Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire. The first of the family to come to this country was (I) Joseph Baker, born in 1630, son of John, before mentioned. He was of Shropshire, England. With his wife, Mary, he settled in Edgemont town- ship, Delaware Co., Pa., in 1685, upon a large tract of land. He was a representative from Chester county in the Provincial Assembly in the years, 1701, 1703, 1706, 1710, 171 1 and 1713. He was a member of the Society of Friends. He died in 1716, and his will, dated Dec. 19, 1714, is in the register's office at Westchester, Pa. His children, all born in England, were: John, Sarah, wife of Thomas Smedley; Robert, and Joseph. (II) Joseph Baker (2) son of Joseph, born in 1667, died in 1735. He married Martha Wood- ward, and they had children as follows: Richard, Aaron, Ann, Susanna, Jane, Jesse, Sarah, Joseph, Rachel, Nehemiah and John. (III) Aaron Baker, son of Joseph (2), was born in 1701, and died in 1783. He married Mary Edwards, and they had six children : John married Hannah Pennock in 1747. Mary married Thomas Carrington in 1752. Martha married John Clay- ton in 1753. Esther married William Chalfantj Aaron is mentioned below. Samuel lived in West Marlboro township, Chester Co., Pa., where he founded a branch of the family. (IV) Aaron Baker (2), the great-grandfather of Thomas, was born in 1729, in Chester county, where, in 1759, he married Sarah Hayes. They reared the following, family: James (who settled near Coatesville, Chester county, where his descendants still ' live), Nathan, Elisha, Levi, Joshua; Aaron, John, Hannah, Mary, Rachel and Sarah. (V) Aaron Baker (3), grandfather of Thomas, was born in Chester county in 1767, and died there in 1853. He married Hannah Harland, also a native of Chester county, and their children were as follows : Lewis, the father of Thomas ; Reuben,, who married Mary Davis; Susanna, wife of William M. Davis; George, who never married; Jacob, who married Lydia Lamborn; Thomas, who married Ann Rakestraw; Samtiel, who married Mary Rakestraw; Aaron, who married M. Ottey; Harland, who married Hannah Eastburn; and Hannah, unmarried. (VI) Lewis Baker, father of Thomas, was born in 1790, in Chester county, and in 1820 mar- ried Diana Jackson. They settled near Chatham, Chester county, and were farming people all their lives, becoming quite prosperous, and adhering strictly to the Quaker faith. Mr. Baker died in 183s, leaving his widow and three sons. The sons bought a tract of land in Colerain township, on which Thomas Baker was located, the mother re- maining in Chester county, where she died in 1853. Thomas was the eldest child ; Lewis, the second son, married Mary Greenfield, and located on a farm near the old homestead in Chester county, where he died in 184.6, leaving a widow, who still lives on • the old home ; Robert A. died when a young man. Thomas Baker was well educated m the public schools of Chester county, and for twenty years was a teacher in the public schools of Lancaster and Chester counties, pursuing that profession long ^tT^^-^rT^j^LoJ AsaA^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 497 after his marriage. In 1840 he commenced to study surveying, preparing for that work under Jonathan Goss, at Unionville Academy, Chester county, and it has been his main occupation during most of his active life. He has surveyed over 650 farrtis in Lancaster and Chester counties, as well as land in Virginia, and made his best survey in 1902, when almost eighty years of age. Thomas Baker was married in June, 1855, to Miss Eliza, daughter of James and Abigail Jackson, prominent residents of Lancaster county. Mrs. Baker was born in Chester county, in May, 1834, and was for a number of years a teacher in Lan- caster county. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Baker began married life on a farm in Colerain township, where he erected a brick house and a frame barn. There they remained until 1879, when the present hand- some brick house on one quarter of the farm was built, in which they have since resided. He is leading a quiet and retired life, doing, however, some little tasks in surveying. His son Lewis has charge of the farm. Mrs. Baker, while on a visit to her son in Philadelphia, in 1893, took cold, and died in that city, her husband and four children, out of a family of seven born to them, surviving: (i) Abbie, born in 1856, married Howard Brinton, a farmer of Colerain township,' and died leaving two sons, Thomas B. and Lewis B. (2) Allison, born in 1858, married Miss Anna Maule, of Colerain township, a daughter of J. Comly and S. Emma Maule, and is living on his farm in Sadsbury township. (3) James E., born in 1859, was gradu- ated from the State Normal School at Millersville, and is now principal of the Friends Central School, ' Philadelphia ; for some twelve years he has followed teaching very successfully. He married Miss Emma Maclntyre, of Philadelphia, and they have had six children: Walter, born in 1886; Ralph, 1888; Jean- etta, 1889 (deceased) ; Marian, 1891 ; Edna, 1895 ; and Eugene, Jr., 1897. (4) Xanthus, born in 1863, married Delia Girvin, of Colerain township, and resides on his farm near Union, in that township; they have three children : Arthur, born in 1893 ; Eliza, 1894; and Victoria, 1896. (5) Lewis, born in 1864, died in childhood. (6) Lydia, born in 1872, died in childhood. (7) Lewis, bom in 1870, was a student at the Millersville State Normal, married Miss Kate Girvin, of this county, and they reside at the family homestead, he being manager of his father's farm. He has one son, Richard Veryl, who was born in April, 1897. Thomas Baker has always been a Republican. He has never aspired to political station, though he was once elected school director in Colerain town- ship, when it was strongly Derribcratic. He and his family are devout adherents to the Quaker faith, to which their ancestors have been committed. Mr. ■Baker and his wife took a trip to Europe, visiting Eitigland, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, France and all of the German states, spending much time in many places of interest. Thomas Baker is a man esteemed 32 by his neighbors for his many good qualities and! excellent character, and in disposition he is a man of warm heart and kindly feeling. He is a man of con- siderable learning, and is a Latin and French scholar. While in England he purchased a book published in 1548, a commentary on the wars of Europe (in Latin), which he prizes very highly. HARRIS A. GLATFELTER, one of the promi- nent and leading agriculturists of East Donegal township, was born in Codoras township, n York county, Nov. 17, 1833, a son of Samuel and Eliza- beth (Aerman) Glatfelter, who came to Lancaster county in 1857, settling in East Donegal township ; there the former died in 1875, at the age of seventy- six and the latter in 1878, at the same age, both of them having been consistent members of the Lu- theran Church. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Glatfelter were: Margaret, wife of John Walters, deceased; Zacharias, deceased; Isabella, who married John Smyser, and lives in Marietta; Maria, residing in Harrisburg; Matilda, the widow of Michael Leb- hart, residing in Lancaster; Harris A.; Martin, a resident of Mt. Union, Pa.; Elizabeth E. married James L. Jacobs, of Abilene, Kan. ; Malinda, mar- ried to Ed. Bowen, of Philadelphia; Kate, unmar- ried, in Philadelphia; and Samuel, who is a retired hotel manager of Columbia, Pennsylvania. Mr. Glatfelter remained with his parents during childhood and young manhood, and from early youth showed a willing and ambitious spirit, endeav- oring by work for the neighboring farmers to assist his poor parents. As early as 1851 he worked in the York mill factory, going from thence to the Strickler mill, also in York county, where he remained for a year ; then he went back to the town of York and en- tered the steam mill, remaining four years, going next to a mill near Berlin, in York county, where he remained another year ; for six months he worked at Highspire, Pa., going from there to Columbia, where his brother-in-law gave him employment in hauling for a few months ; but finally he went into the Stauffer mills at East Donegal, where he re- mained for the following two years, and then op- erated the Summy & Heaston mill, in Rapho town- ship for- two years more. By this time Mr. Glatfelter was tired of mill life, although a most efficient and capable workman, so he came to his present farm and for four years op- erated it on shares for his father-in-law, at the end of which period he returned to milling, taking charge of Musselman's mill, on Big Chickies, remaining for four years. In 1870 he returned to the farm and has since given his time to an agricultural life. For five years he was the township supervisor, fill- ing the office most acceptably. In Elizabethtown, in i860, Mr. Glatfelter was married to Elizabeth HolHnger, and to this union was born Horace H., who married Emma Baustick, and is a farmer of this toWnship, with one child. 4^8 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Irvin B. Mrs. Glatfelter was born on the farm where she died in 1886, at the age of fifty-two. Her parents were John and Elizabeth (Brandt) Hol- linger. In 1889 Mr. Glatfelter was married, in Columbia, to Barbara Weaver, and one child was born of this marriage, Ella G. Mrs. Glatfelter was born in East Donegal township, a daughter of Godfrey Weaver, and died Dec. 4, 1897, at the age of thirty-seven. Mr. Glatfelter is well and favorably known through the county, is a prominent Republican, soci- ally is connected with the O. U. A. M. and the K. of P., and is considered a representative and sub- stantial citizen. JACOB DENLINGER was one of those men of quiet force and character who help to mold and elevate the communities in which they live. He was a life-long resident of Paradise township, Lancaster county, and for thirty-four years was a deacon in the Mennonite Church, of which from boyhood he had been an earnest and consistent member. He was a man of excellent business abilities and was one of the substantial and influential citizens of the town- ship, respected and esteemed by all who knew him. He was, however, decidedly domestic in his tastes and through life cultivated his well-improved farm of 103 acres. He married Miss Annie Brubaker, and to them came a family of fourteen children. We have record of : Mary, who died in childhood ; Annie, wife of John L. Kreider, of Chariton county. Mo.; John B., a farmer of Paradise township, whose sketch a])pears below; Abraham B., a retired farmer of Strasburg borough ; Lizzie, wife of Tobias Leaman, of Leacock township ; Tobias, a farmer of Drumore township ; Benjamin, deceased, who was a farmer of Leacock township ; Hattie, wife of Christ Mamery, of Paradise township ; Mattie, wife of Esaias Kling, of Leacock township; Amos, a farmer of Paradise township ; Henry, retired, of Lancaster ; and Aaron, a farmer of Soudersburg. Jacob, the father, died in 1884, aged seventy-three years. His wife died at the age of sixty-two years. John B. Denlinger was born in Paradise town- ship, July 17, 1838. He was reared on the farm, receiving his education in the neighboring public schools. In the spring of 1861 he located on the farm which he still occupies, a well cultivated prop- erty of 141 acres, situated three miles east of Stras- burg. Here he followed farming successfully until the spring of 1893, when he retired from active life, though since continuing to. reside on the farm. He has made many improvements on the place and has been one of the most progressive farmers. Mr. Denlinger was twice married. His first wife was Rd'iss Lizzie Shaub, of West Lampeter township, daughter of Henry Shaub. By this mar- riage there were four children, Jacob, Henry, Mary and the latter's twin sister, who died in infancy. Jacob married Ella Eby, and they have one child, Elsie. He occupies and cultivates the home farm in Paradise township. Henry is also a farmer of Para- dise township. He married Elizabeth Eby, and has three children, Lloyd, Annie and Lottie. Mary is unmarried and is now matron of the Philadelphia Mennonite Home Mission. She has spent four years as one of the workers of the Chicago Home Mission. The mother of these children died in 1875. For his second wife -John B. Denlinger married Jan. I, 1878, Susan Buckwalter, widow of Israel R. Buckwalter. She was born in East Lampeter town- ship, Sept. 15, 1837. By this second marriage there were two children. Sue B., at home, and an infant, deceased. Mrs. Denlinger had two children by her former marriage : Luetta, wife of John K. Lefever, of East Lampeter township; and Phares Buck- waiter, a resident of Leacock township, who mar- ried Miss Anna Leaman and has four children, Mary, Earl, and Leon and Lila, twins. Mr. and Mrs. Denlinger are worthy and consistent members of the Old Mennonite Church and the family are among the influential and highly respected residents of Lancaster county. Mr. Denlinger has served for many years as auditor of Paradise township and has also been supervisor. He has been prominent in the administration of local affairs, has kept in close touch and sympathy with the best interests of the community and been ever ready to assist any cause or enterprise for the general good. JAMES K. DRENNEN, a substantial citizen of Fulton township, Lancaster county, is classed among the justly esteemed men of his neighborhood. Mr. Drennen was born in Chester county. Pa., July 23, 1S30, and is of Irish and Scottish origin. He is a son of William and Mary (Boyd) Drennen, who were married in 1820, and had children as fol- lows: Mary Jane, born Nov. 20, 182 1 ; Ebenezer, Aug. 30, 1823 : John M., Oct. 20, 1825, residing in Wrightsville, York county, as a retired farmer; William C, Jan. 26, 1828, living in York county; James K., July 23, 1830; Helena, Sept. 23, 1835, residing in York county; David D., Jan. i, 1838, deceased; Margarette E., July 25, 1839, deceased; and Walker, twin of Margarette, residing in York county. The father of this family was born in Chester county in 1796, and his wife was born in 1798. James K. Drennen married Miss Martha Isa- bella Reed, of Fulton township, Jan. 5, 1858. She was a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Mcl^llough) Reed. Mr. and Mrs. Drennen have had the follow- ing children: Elizabeth K., born Oct. 23, 1858, the wife of William J. Ankrum, of Drumore ; Winfield Scott, born Sept. 23, 1861, who married Miss Belle Ankrum, and lives at home ; William Lincoln, bom Aug. 15, 1864, at home, unmarried; Clement R., born Aug. 29, 1868, deceased ; Harry J., born April 10, 1873, a merchant in Fairmount, Lancaster coun- ty, who married Miss Winona Shoemaker, of Ful- ton township ; Ada M., the youngest, bom April 5,^ 1877, and died in 1890. Mrs. Drennen died April BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 499 14, 1890. She was a good Christian woman and a kind mother. Mr. Drennen was reared on the farm and started out in life for himself when but fifteen years of age. In 1847 he came to Lancaster county with his par- ents, who settled on the place he now owns. Mr. Drennen owns two good farms,, the home place, •comprising 190 acres with good improvements, and a fifty acre place in Drumore township. Politically I^lr. Drennen is a strong Abraham Lincoln Repub- lican, and believes in the party as it was under the guidance of the martyred President ; he is a leading citizen in his community, having served in almost all the local offices in Fulton township — judge of elections, school director, supervisor of roads and township auditor. Mr. Drennen is a member of the Presbyterian Church and was one of the pioneer organizers of Sabbath-schools in the township. In 1847 his brother, John M. Drennen, organized the first Sunday-school of the Little Britain Presby- terian Church, and James K. Drennen served as superintendent. He organized and superintended afternoon Sabbath-schools at Eldora Station, Fair- view Shops, Cherry Plill School House and at his own home, and all these exerted a strong moral influence. Mr. Drennen's life is an illustration of the proverb, "A good man leaveth an inheritance to his children's children." SAMUEL E. LANE, the genial landlord and proprietor of the "Millway Hotel," belongs to one of the old and respected families of Lancaster ■county. His grandfather, Abraham Lane, was com- missioner of the county and lived and died there. He was a farmer and followed that occupation all Tiis life. He married Miss Anna Long, by whom he "had four children, viz. : Andrew L., a farmer of Oregon, Pa.; Abram L., of Lititz, a retired farmer;- Matilda, the wife of John B. Earl, a retired citizen of Lititz; and Amelia, who married Samuel Bare, both being now deceased. Andrew L. Lane, father of Samuel E., was born in Manheim township about 1840, and has followed farming all his life, with the exception of a short time when he lived retired. He has been very active in politics, and is a stanch Republican. He held the office of school director for some years. Mr. Lane married Miss Barbara B. Erb, of Warwick town- ship, and they became the parents of nine children, three of whom died in infancy. The others are: Abram E., a merchant in Clay township; Samuel E. ; Elmer E., a farmer of Millway; Cameron E., a dentist ; Harry E. and Clyde E., at home. Samuel E. Lane was born in Manheim township, Nov. o, 1866, and remained at home until he was twenty-three years of age, receiving his education in the common schools, at the Millersville Normal, where he spent one term, and at Weidler's Business College, of Lancaster, from which latter he gradu- ated. He then began life for himself, farming one year in Nefifsville, whence he moved, and six years on his father's farm in Millway. After this he pur- chased the hotel at Millway, of which he is now the proprietor. He has won a substantial place among the men of Millway by his honorable meth- ods and hearty spirit, and he has proved his loyalty to local interests on many occasions. In politics he is a Republican, and he has held the office of school director for nine years. Mr. Lane wedded Miss Ann Mary Landis, daughter of Jacob R. and Susan Landis, and to this union have been born two children, Samuel L. and Anna B., both at home. ROBERT GIRVIN. At the little settlement of Iva, located in Paradise township, Lancaster coun- ty, Robert Girvin has been for many years a mer- chant. He was reared in that vicinity and pos- sessing decided business talents and tastes, he has there developed and exercised them, becoming one of the prominent citizens of the township and one of its benefactors. Mr. Girvin is named from his grandfather, Rob- ert Girvin, the emigrant, who founded the family in Lancaster county. Some time between the years 1776 and 1780 the latter left his native heath in County Derry, Ireland, and settled in Lancaster county, locating later in Paradise township, about one-half mile west of what is now Iva post-office. Here he purchased a tract of fifty acres, upon which he devoted himself to farming during the balance of his active career and where he lived to the ripe old age of ninety-three years. He married Miss Mary Smith, a native of Lancaster county, by whom he had a family of nine children, as follows: James, the father of Robert ; William, a farmer of Lancas- ter county; John, a farmer of Lancaster county; .Samuel, a farmer of Lancaster county; Daniel, a speculator of Lancaster county; Isaac, a farmer, merchant and justice of the peace; Annie, who mar- ried Samuel Rissler; Margaret, who married Peter Niedick; and Sarah, who married Samuel Bowers. Robert and Mary Girvin, the parents, were mem- bers of the Presbyterian Church, as were also their children. James, the eldest, was born in Paradise town- ship in 1797. He was there reared to manhood and there engaged for life in agricultural pursuits, own- ing and operating a farm of about 100 acres, and was one of the substantia] citizens of the county. He married Miss Nancy Keene, of Eden township, and to them were born the following children: Mary, widow of Benjamin Winters, of Iva; Isaac, a farmer of Paradise township, now deceased; John, a resident of Paradise township; Henry, a farmer of Bart township, now deceased; Samuel, a resident of Paradise township, a lime burner near the Gap; Anna, a resident of Iva; Robert; and Elias, a resident of Lancaster. James, the father of Robert, lived to the age of seventy-one years, and his widow survived him six months only. Robert Girvin was born on the farm in Paradise 500 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY township, June 2, 1837. He was reared on his father's farm and received his education in the com- mon schools. Deciding upon a mercantile career, he spent three years as a clerk and then at the age of twenty-five years he began business on his own account. He was engaged in a general store in Georgetown and later in Strasburg, and in 1868 he started in business as a general merchant at Iva, where he has ever since continued successfully, starting out in business with a general line of goods and so continuing ever since, building up a steady and an increasing trade and becoming one of the representative and public spirited men in that part of Lancaster county, ever ready to lend his aid and influence in the furtherance of enterprises for the public good. In 1884 he secured the location of the post-office, made the name of Iva, and has ever since remained the postmaster. In politics Mr. Girvin affiliates with the Democratic party, and he has served as justice of the peace in Paradise tOAvnship. He married, in 1865, Miss Abbie Hamsher, daughter of Anthony Hamsher and a native of Strasburg township. To Robert and Abbie Girvin have been born a family of nine children, namely: Sally; Charles, who married Miss Hattie Hart and is a merchant of Williamsport ; Jesse, who married Helen Daly and is a clerk for H. K. Mulfprd & Co., of Philadelphia ; Mary, wife of Albert Althoiise, of Quarryville, and mother of one child, Joe ; Joe, who is the assistant in his father's store; and four who died in infancy. Mr. Girvin is a member of the Reformed Church of New Providence, and Mrs. Girvin is a member of the Lutheran Church of Strasburg. MILTdN L. WEAVER, one of the enterprising and successful farmers and business men of West Hempfield township, was born in East Lampeter township, this county, Feb. 29, i860, son of Isaac and Catherine (Barr) Weaver. The father, a prosperous farmer, retired from the old homestead in Lampeter township in 1883, and resided in Lancaster city until his death, Oct. 27, 1887, at the age of sixty- eight years. He is buried at Longenecker's meet- ing-house, in West Lampeter township. His widow, who was born in 1822, is now a resident of Ledla. They were members of the Reformed Mennonite Church. To Isaac and Catherine Weaver were born the following children : Mary, wife of John F. Gir- vin, a farmer of Leola; Joseph, a farmer of East Lampeter township; Aaron, a farmer of Manor township; Benjamin, a farmer of Manor township; Milton L., of West Hempfield township, of whom we are particularly writing; Lillie, who died young and Ephraim E., a farmer of Manor township. Milton L. Weaver was reared on his father's farm, receiving his education in the neighboring schools. At the age of seventeen years he engaged in farm work with his brother Joseph, with whom he remained ten years. He then began farming for himself in Pequea township, and there conducted the farm successfully until 1898, when he purchased his- present place in West Hempfield townsnip, the prop- erty known as Swarr's siding, where he conducts a general line of business in coal, flour, grain, feed,, straw, salt, fertilizers, etc. The mill was erected by Harry Swarr in t886. It is of fifty-horsepower- capacity, and its product includes all kinds of feed. Mr. Weaver ranks among the leading young citizens- of West Hempfield township. Mr. Weaver was married, in 1889, at West Wil- low, Pequea township, to Miss Cecilia Christ, and to them have come four children, three sons and one daughter, namely : Isaac, Frank, John and Mary. Im politics Mr. Weaver is a Republican. Though com- paratively young in years he has prospered notably in a business way, combining ripe judgment with industry and progressiveness of action. He is awake to modern improvements in method, while he clings to the sterling principles of the past, and he has thus- exemplified in his career the best type of success. He is highly esteemed by his wide circle of acquaint- ances for his many most estimable qualities. HENRY STAUFFER MUSSER, late of the firm of Musser & Miller, lumbermen and manufac- turers in East Donegal township, Lancaster county,. Pa., was born in his present home July 16, 1820, a son of Jacob and Martha (Stauffer) Musser, na- tives of the same township. Jacob Musser was a farmer by calling; he died in December, 1831, at thirty-two years of age, the father of six children, viz. : Henry S. ; Anna, deceased wife of Rev. H. N^ Graybill, a Dunkard preacher and a farmer ; Eliza- beth, who died young; Martha, widow of Lewis- Lindermouth, of Marietta; Jacob, who also died young; and Abraham, who is living in retirement in Marietta. Mrs. Martha Musser, who was born August 13,. 1802, was next married to John Miller, a farmer, and to this union were bom four children, viz. : John, of whom a biography is printed on another page; Joseph, the juiiior member of the firm of Musser & Miller, whose biography will also be found elsewhere; Isaiah, deceased; and Sarah, wife of John Conley, a retired banker of Lancaster. John Miller, the stepfather of Henry S. Musser, did' quite an extensive business as a lumber manufac- turer in addition to farming, and operated the mill, afterward owned by Musser & Miller, until his death in 1867, at the age of sixty-one years. Mrs.. Martha (Musser) Miller survived until 1885. Henry Stauffer Musser lived on the home farm until the death of his father, when he went to West Hempfield township and for five years lived on the farm of an uncle. Rev. Hostetter, a Dunkard min- ister; he then returned to his mother, who by this time had re-married, and lived in the old homestead again until he had reached his majority (1841), when he was awarded his share of his father's es- tate, which he invested in connection with his step- father in the lumber business. In 1863 he was BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 501 joined by Mr. Miller in the business which he con- ducted so successfully up to his death, which oc- curred Jan. 17, 1901, when he was aged eighty years, six months and one day. Mr. Musser was married in July, 1847, in East Donegal township, to Miss Anna M. Greisinger, and six children crowned this union, viz. : Eliza- "beth, wife of Charles Johnson, of Philadelphia; Stephen, who married Mary Sellers, but is now de- ceased; Frank, who was killed in December, 1867, when he was thirteen years of age, by a pile of lum- ber falling upon him .in his father's yard ; Ada, mar- ried to Dr. John J. Steiner, of Jefferson county, Pa. ; Stanton, of Columbia, married to May Grier; and Lincoln, member of the firm of Johnson & Musser Seed Co., who married Emma Pomeroy. Mrs. Anna M. (Greisinger) Musser was born Oct. 3, 1828, in Rapho township near Mt. Joy, Lancaster county, and is a daughter of Jacob and Anna M. (Lindersmith) Greisinger, of East Hempfield town- ship and Mt. Joy respectively. Jacob Greisinger -was a coachmaker by trade and also followed farm- ing, but lived retired for several years prior to his -death, in 1868, at the age of seventy-five years. His widow survived until 1873, when she died at the age of eighty. They were members of River Brethren Church and their remains were buried in the Florin cemetery. They were the parents of four children, viz. : Barbara, widow of Christopher Sher- ick, of Mt. Joy ; Stephen, a farmer of Rapho town- ship ; Anna M., Mrs. Musser : and Sarah M., de- ceased wife of Henry Gish. The paternal grand- parents of Mrs. Musser were Stephen and Mary ^Brubaker) Greisinger, the former of whom was a farmer near Landisville. Henry S. Musser, in addition to his lumber busi- ness, owns considerable land, which he laid out in town lots, besides other valuable property in close proximity to Marietta borough. He was. a director in the First National Bank of Marietta, and also in the Marietta Turnpike Company. He was very well preserved for his years, and seldom had occa- sion to use spectacles. In politics he was a Repub- lican, and for six years served as county prison in- spector. In religion he was a Dunkard, and bore an unblemished reputation for integrity, both in private and business life. DAVIS A. BROWN, of Fulton township, may he well classed among the prominent and substantial men of Lancaster county. He was born in East Earl township, this county, near Terre Hill, Aiig. :28, 1830. Nathan B. Brown, his father, was born in Sus- •quehanna county. Pa., in 1796, and came to Lancas- ter county when a young man. He died in East Earl township in 1864. In 1818 he married Miss Susannah Gabel, of Berks county, Pa., and they had eight children : Mary A., who is the wife of Isaac Eoltz, of Terre Hill, Pa.; W. W. (deceased), an attorney in Lancaster for many years ; George W., a resident of Philadelphia; Isaiah (deceased), who was a doctor for many years ; Davis A. ; Levi B., a resident of Davenport, Iowa; Phianna, the wife of Oliver Stephens, of Michigan; and Samuel H., de- ceased. Garrett Brown, the grandfather of Davis A., was a native of Susquehanna county. He had the following family: Nathan B., Thomas, John, Rob- ert, Garrett, Margaret and Johnson, of whom the last named still lives in Davenport, Iowa. The old Garrett Brown family founded the town of Browns- ville, in Canada, and some of its members became very wealthy. The family is of Irish stock. Davis A. Brown married Miss Rachel Patton, of Fayette county, Pa., Nov. 24, 1857. She is a daugh- ter of Thomas Patton, who was of English origin, and who married Emma Harris. They had eight children, namely: four boys — ^J. Harris, of New York City, an author and historian of note, num- bering among his works a history of the United States ; R. Johnson, deceased ; J. Finley, who liyes in the family homestead in Fayette county. Pa. ; and Thomas, a real-estate man of Greensburg, Pa. ; four daughters — Rebecca Finley, deceased; Sarah, wife of S. W. Boyd, ex-sheriff of Fayette county; Har- riet, widow of E. F. Houseman, editor of the Greensburg Herald, living at Greensburg; and Rachel. To Mr. and Mrs. Brown have been born the following named children: W. T., the present able district attorney of Lancaster county ; Anna R., wife of I. Haines Dickinson, a general merchant, of Quarryville, Pa. ; Mary, wife of Ira H. Herr, a real estate dealer at Lancaster; Dr. B. L., a druggist and practicing physician at Philadelphia ; Clara L., wife of Davis Gillespie, superintendent of mining in West Virginia ; Ada, a teacher in the public schools ; Elizabeth, wife of Henry Westerhoflf, of Ephrata, proprietor of silk mills ; and Hampton H., the youngest, a druggist in Philadelphia. Davis A. Brown was educated in the public schools, for a time taught in the schools of the coun- ty, and has been director of schools for his town- ship. In 1866 he received the appointment, under President Johnson, of revenue assessor for the 9th district, Lancaster county. Pa., which office he ad- ministered with ability and justice. He is a strong Republican in politics, and religiously is associated with the Presbyterian Church. He is the present justice of the peace of Fulton township, having been once appointed by the Governor and twice elected to that incumbency. Mr. Brown bought his pres- ent 200-acre farm in the above named township in 1862. The Brown family is one of the most promi- nent in the county. The Squire has a family of which he may well be proud, while he himself is one of the most popular and beloved men in his com- munity. JACOB B. WISSLER, now living retired in the village of Lititz, descends from one of the old and honored families of Lancaster county. 502 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY The first member of this branch of the Wissler family in America sailed with his wife from Ger- many to Philadelphia in 1720. On the voyage, to- gether with other able-bodied men on the vessel, he was impressed into the naval service by a man-of- war. His wife continued the journey to Philadel- phia, where he joined her on the expiration of his term of service. She was employed by a farmer of Germantown and he also took service with a farmer in the same locality, where they passed the remainder of their lives. Andrew Wissler, their son, removed to Lancaster county. Pa., where he entered the em- ploy of Jacob Groff, an extensive farmer in what is now Clay township. In 1767 he married the only " daughter of his employer, and in this way became the owner of the old Groff homestead, which was taken up in 1724 by John Jacob Groff, father of Jacob. It was divided into four farms by Jacob Wissler, son of Andrew, but has ever since remained in the Wissler family. Andrew had two sons, John and Jacob, the former of whom died unmarried. Jacob Wissler, son of Andrew, was born in Clay township in 1778, and was one of the successful farmers of that section, giving his entire attention to agriculttire until his death, which occurred in 1850. He had accumulated a fine property at the time of his death, owning four farms. He was one of the old Mennonites of the county. Jacob Wiss- ler in 1800 married Miss Anna Ely, and they were the parents of ten children : Andrew, a farmer and merchant, who died in Michigan ; Jacob, the father of Jacob B. ; Christian, a miller and farmer ; Ezra, a farmer of Clay township ; Magdelina, wife of Ja- cob Landis of Ephrata township; Levi, a farmer and tanner ; Samuel, a miller of Canada ; Mary, wife of Levi Erb ; Catherine, deceased ; and John, a tan- ner, who died in Virginia. Jacob Wissler was born in Clay township in 1803. He, too, followed farming extensively until one year before his death, when he retired. He was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. He mar- ried Miss Barbara Bomberger, and to them were born five children : Anna, wife of Christian Hess ; Jacob B. ; Martha, wife of Samuel R. Hess ; Mary, wife of Peter B. Rohrer ; and Levi, who died when eight years of age. Jacob B. Wissler was born in Clay township, Sept. 4, 1828. He lived at home until he was twenty-six vears of age, during his boyhood attend- ing the common schools. He began life for himself at farming, in Clay township, on one of his father's farms, where he remained twenty-two years, after which he purchased the place where he now resides, and on which he has made extensive improvements ; his home is in the village. Mr. Wissler is engaged to some extent in raising tobacco, though he is prac- tically retired. In politics he is a Republican, and he held the office of school director for some years. Mr. Wissler was married Sept. 5, 1854, to Miss Anna R. Brubaker, daughter of Joseph and Susanna Brubaker, and to this union have been born five children, two of whom died in infancy, and one in childhood. Joseph is a farmer of Clay township. Lizzie is the wife of Christian B. Resser. Mr. and Mrs. Wissler are both members of the Old Men- nonite Church. They enjoy the _good-will and es- teem of all who know them, and Mr. Wissler has always been regarded as one of the representative substantial citizens of the community. EMANUEL F. HOSTETTER, one of Man- heim's most active and enterprising business men, as well as one of its representative citizens, is a na- tive of Lancaster county, born on the Hostetter homestead in Penn township, Mav 24, 1835, and a. son of John and Elizabeth (Forney) Hostetter, now deceased, the former having died in 1865, the latter in 1867. John Hostetter was a son of Jacob Hostetter, a Mennonite minister, was born and reared on a farm in Penn township and throughout life followed farming. He was also one of the heaviest cattle dealers of his day, and for twenty years was engaged in that business, buying his stock in the West and shipping it to Lancaster county for distribution. He was also one of the most progressive men of his time, was instrumental in securing the building of the Philadelphia & Reading Railroad through this section, and became a heavy stockholder in it. For years he was a director in the Lancaster County National Bank, and was one of the organizers of the Manheim National Bank, of which he was also a director. During the '50s he divided his farm between his two sons, John and Ephraim, and pur- chased the Manheim mill from John Bosler, which he conducted for some ten years, at the same time owning and operating a mill and distillery near Liverpool, Perry Co., Pa. About i860 he retired from active life and lived quietly in Manheim until' his death. Politically he was at first a strong Whig" and later a Republican. He was twice married, his first wife being a Miss Stauffer, by whom he had three children : Henry S., a resident of Penn town- ship, Lancaster county; Elizabeth, deceased wife of J. L. Stehman, of Lititz ; and Sarah, widow of Dan- iel Grosh, of the same place. The father's second wife was Miss Elizabeth Forney, a daughter of John Forney, who lived near Brownstown, and to them were born five children, namely: Emanuel F.j Benjamin, who died in childhood; John F., a farmer, now deceased ; Ephraim, who has been pro- prietor of "Hotel Superior" in Chicago, 111., since 1890 ; and Maria, deceased wife of John Kurtz. Emanuel F. Hostetter was reared on the home farm until fourteen years of age, and attended the public schools of the neighborhood, completing his education, however, by one term at Lititz Academy. Coming to Manheim at the age of fifteen, he en- tered the store of John Schaeffer as clerk, and re- mained in his employ two years, at the end of which time he went to I^ancaster and worked eighteen months for David Bear, a merchant of that place. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 503 Having a desire to see something of the country, he then went west to Illinois, and located in Free- port, where he spent eight years, clerking in a dry goods store two years. For one year he was en- gaged in the grain business with Joseph S. Bru- baker and John Slott, as a member of the firm of Slott, Hostetter & Brubaker; for two years he con- ducted a grocery establishment, and then engaged in the real estate business for the remainder of his stay in Freeport. In i860 Mr. Hostetter returned to Manheim, Pa., but for one year operated his fa- ther's mill in Perry county, this State. Since then he has made his home permanently in Manheim and has been prominently identified with its business in- terests. He established the first coal yard here, but after conducting it one year he sold out to a Mr. Kline; the yard is now owned by B. H. Hershey. He was next engaged for two years in mercantile business at Lancaster, under the firm name of Hos- tetter & Brimer, selling out at the end of that time in order that he might settle up the estates left by his father and father-in-law. After two years de- voted to that, he embarked in the manufacture of brick at Manheim, opening in 1865 the second yard established here, and he has since engaged in that business. From 1867 until 1899 he also conducted a store in Manheim, carrying a line of clothing, hats, caps and gents' furnishing goods, but in May of the latter year he disposed of his stock. Since 1885 he has been interested in the livery business in Manheim, and for the past quarter of a century has engaged in the cultivation of tobacco. He is a good type of the energetic, wide-awake and progressive man. In 1858 Mr. Hostetter was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth A. Ensminger, a daughter of Samuel Ensminger, who at that time was treasurer of Lancaster county. Three children were born of this union, but two died in infancy. VenAetta, the only one now living, is the wife of H. C. Stauffer, teller in the Manheim National Bank. Religiously Mr. Hostetter is a member of the Reformed Church ; socially he is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, while politically he is a stanch Republican. He keeps abreast of the times and is thoroughly up-to-date in all respects. As a citizen he ever stands ready to discharge any duty that devolves upon him, and gives his support to every enterprise for the public good. JOSEPH K. NEWCOMER, a progressive farmer of Manor township, with his home on his neat farm of thirty-six acres three miles southeast of Columbia, Lancaster Co., Pa., was born on the homestead of which he now owns a part, Nov. 18, 1834, and until twenty-six years of age he devoted his services to his parents and then began opera- tions on his own account on his present property. On Nov. t8, i860, Joseph K. Newcomer mar- ried Miss Elizabeth Rohrer, daughter of Rev. Eph- raim Rohrer, of Manor township. This lady died in 1867, leaving two children, Ephraim, a miller, now in West Hempfield township, and Emma, wife of Amos Doerstler, of Manor township. Joseph K. Newcomer next married, in 1872, Miss EHzabeth Seitz, daughter of Rev. George Seitz, of Manor township, and this union has also been blessed with two children: D. Vernon, a prominent school teacher of Elizabethtown ; and Harry S., married to Miss Ella M. Warfel, a school teacher of Conestoga township and a daughter of Aldus C. Warfel, of Millersville, Pennsylvania. Mr. Newcomer is a devoted and consistent mem- ber of the ]\Iennonite Church, to which he has al- ways given freely and cheerfully of his means, and he has ever been one of the leading and progressive farmers of his township, his surroundings giving ample evidence of his thrift and excellent manage- ment. No man in the township is more highly re- spected, and no one is more justly entitled to the esteem derived from a long and useful life in the community. JAMES WOOD. Among the representative families of Lancaster county none have stood in higher public estimation through generations than that of Wood. Far back in the time of William Penn the emigrant ancestor of the family started from his home, in Lancashire, England, with his. wife and sons, William and Joseph, to find a home with other Quaker families in Pennsylvania. On, the passage another son was born, who was named Richmonday. Joseph Wood was a son of Thomas and his chil- dren were Thomas, Joseph, Jesse, Lydia, Elizabeth, David, John and Day, and of this family, Jesse be- came the grandfather of James, of this sketch. By a first marriage Jesse Wood had two sons, John and' Day ; and bv a second marriage, one son, James. James Wood was born July 17, 1821, and died Aug. 9, 1894. In 1845 he was married to Mercy M. Carter, who was born Nov. 29, 1822, and who still resides in Little Britain township. This union resulted in the birth of eight children: Alfred, a farmer in Fulton township; Susan, the wife of El- wood H. Townsend, a sketch of whom is given else- where; Jesse, a farmer in Little Britain township: Mary, deceased wife of Davis E. Allen, a farmer of Avondale. Chester county : Lucretia, who is the wife^ of John W. Smedley of Chester county; Lewis, a farmer of Little Britain township ; Ida, who died un- married ; and James, of this biography. Sketches are also given of Alfred, Jesse and Lewis. James Wood was one of the leading men in his part of Lancaster county, most highly esteemed both in pub- lic and private life. For many years he was the president of the Farmers National Bank of Oxford, was county commissioner, and one of the most pub- lic-spirited citizens of his part of the State. During a great part of his life he was the administrator of many estates and the trusted guardian of children. Every duty was performed with the integrity of 504 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY character for which he was so well known. No more respected man ever lived in Little Britain township than the strict Quaker, James Wood. His descendants are many and worthily represent the stock from which thev have sprung. James Wood, the son, has been a farmer all his life. He is one of the present auditors of the town- ship and an active Republican of the locality. His farm is one of the best and most valuable in the vicinity and displays evidences of the prosperity and good taste of its occupants. The first marriage of James Wood was to Philena C. Boyd, on Jan. ii, 1887, a daughter of William C. Boyd, of Martic township, and her death occurred Sept. 28, 1892. His second mar- riage was to Elizabeth K. Fite on March 24, 1896; she was born Dec. 14, i860, and was a daughter of Samuel and Rebecca Fite, of Little Britain township. Samuel Fite was of Scotch-Irish ancestry, was born in 1825, and now resides with his daughter and her husband. The mother was born March 24, 1824, and died Jan. 27, 1892. Both James and Elizabeth K. Wood are consistent members of the Society of Friends and are among the most hospitable and highly esteemed residents of Little Britain. SLATER F. BROWN, of Fulton township, T^ancaster county, was born March 28, 1841, son of Elisha and Rachel W. (Bradway) Brown. The family is of P2nglish stock. The father was born Dec. 12, 1814, and died in 1859. The mother was born Dec. 21, 1818, in Chester county, Pa., and their marriage occurred in 1840; five children were born to them, as follows : Slater F. : Mary E-, wife of William Pugh, of Chester county; Thomas B., a banker and real estate dealer in West Chester, Pa. ; Charles H., deceased; Walter W., cashier of the West Grove National Bank, and a much esteemed citizen of West Grove, Chester count)^, who died Feb. 6, 1902. Slater Brown, the grandfather of Slater F., was one of the leading citizens of his time. He was a brother to Hon. Jeremiah Brown, a district judge of Lancaster county, and a member of Congress from 1840 to 1844. Slater Brown was the father of four children: Elisha (the father of our subject), Ra- chel, Jeremiah and Mary, all of whom are deceased except Mary, who now resides in Lancaster City. Slater F. Brown married Miss Charlotte M. Howell, daughter of John Howell, of Philadelphia, and this marriage has been blessed with the follow- ing children : Lawrence F., born July 30, 1872, un- married and in business in Atlantic City ; Thomas C,, born Aug. 5, 1874, who died at the age of twenty- five years, unmarried ; Rachel W., born June 7, 1877, residing at home ; Charles H., born Sept. 14, 1881, unmarried and living in Philadelphia; Merton E., born May 16, 1885. The mother of this fanrily was born Jan. 14, 1851. Mr. Brown owns a fine farm of 115 acres, well improved and stocked, which is in a high state of cultivation, showing every evidence of care and good management. In political sentiment Mr. Brown is a Republican, but he has never desired or sought to hold office. He is a member of the Society of Friends, is an honored and highly esteemed citizen, and because of his many excellent qualities his friendship and acquaintance is sought by all the best men in the community. SAMUEL MONTEBACH MYERS, for years head of the firm of Myers & Rathfon, the leading clothiers of Lancaster, now head of the firm of S. M. Myers & Co., because of the retire- ment of Mr. Rathfon, is descended from a very old Pennsylvania family, both paternally and maternally. His grandfather, Jacob Myers, was born in Lancaster county, and passed his entire life here. Frederick Myers, the father of Samuel M., was a well-known tailor of A'lanheim. He married Elizabeth Montebach, a native of Warwick town- ship, this county, and a representative of a pioneer family. Eleven children blessed this union, four of whom are living: Margaret, widow of William Thatcher, of Newtown, Rapho township ; Elizabeth, wife of Solomon SchoU, of Lancaster; Andrew, a grain dealer of Turon, Kans. ; and Samuel M., whose name introduces this sketch. Samuel Montebach Myers was born in Newtown, Rapho township, Oct. 11, 1824. His education was received in the schools of the district. Leaving school at the age of fifteen years, young Myers became an apprentice to the dry-goods business in Columbia, and from there went to Mt. Joy, where for a time he was salesman in a store. He then entered trade on his own account, as a member of the firm of Arndt, Bechtold & Myers, continuing thus. until he was elected by the Republicans of Lancaster county to the position of clerk of the Orphans' court, when, with his wife, whom he had married in Mt. Joy, he came to Lancaster, where he has since resided. After serving intelligently and faithfully in the office mentioned, Mr. Myers bought out a clothing store in Lancaster, and at the end of the first year associated with himself, as partner, Jacob Rathfon. This partnership existed for an ordinary lifetime, and was far more than ordinarily successful. For a time the firm carried on the clothing trade in Center Square, and then built the large and elegant establishment at No. 12 East King street, at that time one of the most notable business structures in Lancaster, and even in these days of fine industrial mercantile structures in the city equalled by few of the finest buildings. Politically Mr. Myers has always been an earnest, stanch and devoted Republican, and in recognition of his devotion to party principles and party interests he was elected county commissioner for three terms (in addition to clerk of the Orphans' court), served a term as member of the common branch of the citv councils from the old Northeast BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 505 ward, and was strongly urged by thousands of Republicans for member of Congress from this district, and also for mayor of the city. Mr. Myers has been twice married. His first wife was Anna Mary Dysart, daughter of the late Robert Dysart, ex-coroner of Lancaster county. By this union seven children were born, three of whom are living: Ella C, wife of A. W. Hime, who is in the clothing business in Reading; Margie, wife ■of Walter W. Hollinger, superintendent of the real ■estate department of Myers & Rathfon, and now a member of the firm of S. M. Myers & Co., and Anna Bertha, at home. The mother of these died in January, 1899, and in November, 1900, Mr. Myers married Miss Cornelia Christie, of Cecil county, Maryland. Associated with Mr. Rathfon Mr. Myers has "built fully one hundred dwelling-houses in Lan- caster, including his own elegant home on North Duke street, and the substantial and commodious store building on East King street. Besides all this property, Mr. Myers owns a handsome cottage at Ocean Grove, where he has spent his summers for the past thirty years, and is a member of the board of control of the Ocean Grove Association. In religious circles he is an enthusiastic worker, and is a trustee and class-leader of the First M. E. Church of Lancaster. He was not only one of the promoters, but he contributed one-tenth of the entire cost, of the magnificent new church on North Duke street. He was at one time a member of the "board of managers of the Landisville Camp Meeting Association ; was twice delegate to the General Conference of the Methodist church, and served as a member of the board of stewards of the Phila- •delphia Conference for some, years. Indeed, there is no more earnest, more liberal or more prominent Methodist in the state of Pennsylvania. In addition to his church work, which next to the devotion to his family is the mainspring of his life,' Mr. Myers is a Knight Templar in Masonry, a member of the Knights of Pythias, and vice-president of the Lancaster Trust Co. In brief, there is no name in Lancaster more widely known or more greatly respected than that of Samuel M. Myers. JOSEPH P. AMBLER. In every locality where ■agricultural Kfe is at its best, may be found a number ■of most estimable citizens, who, after lives of unus- ual activity, have settled down to enjoy advancing years in ease amid the comforts which their early in- ■dustry has provided. One of the fine farms near Goshen, Pa., in Fulton township, Lancaster county, is owned and occupied, although no longer operated, bv such a man, Joseph P. Ambler. The Ambler family is one of those which has ma- terially assisted in the settlement and development of the State of Pennsylvania. Some time early in the last century three brothers of this name came from across the Atlantic, one of whom, Edward, be- came the founder of the family in Lancaster county. and from this ancestor came: Andrew, Edward, William, Elizabeth, the wife of John Rutter, and Ann, the wife of Israel Chills. William Ambler, the father of Joseph P. Ambler, was born in 1789, and died in 1862, after a most ex- emplary life, filled with generous and benevolent deeds. In 18 17 he was united in marriage to Eliza- beth Penrose, who was born in Bucks county, Pa., and both she and her husband were through life consistent members of the Society of Friends. They reared a family of eight children: Adaline, who was born Nov. 26, 1818, and married James Smedley, of Fulton township, both deceased ; Joseph P., men- tioned below ; Owen, born June 10, 1822, deceased ; Thomas E., born in 1824, who died March 27, 1894 ; Louis and David, who died in childhood, in Mont- gomery county ; Edward and Ann, twins, born in 1827, in Drumore township. Joseph P. Ambler was born Jan. 18, 1820, a son of William and Elizabeth (Penrose) Ambler, the former of whom was a native of Montgomery coun- ty, and the latter of Bucks county. Pa., of Scotch- Irish ancestry. His education was received in the best schools afforded by the time and place, and he was brought up to the duties of farm life. In those days the greater part of the labor was done by hand, much of the machinerv now in use having never been yet thought of, so that when young Joseph started out to make a career for himself, it was wifli but sev- enty-five cents in money, but with a large and com- plete knowledge, gained through experience, of the management of crops and the raising of cattle. Spending his money to enable him to cross the Susquehanna river, Joseph Ambler sought farm work, soon found it, and so honest and indus- trious was he and so thorough was his knowl- edge, that he was soon able to command high- er wages than were paid to less useful work- ers, and here he laid the foundations of a for- tune, unusually large to have been acquired through industry alone. A consistent member of the Society of Friends,' he has never engaged in specu- lative enterprises, and stands before his community specially honored and esteemed. His present pos- sessions comprise two excellent farms in Fulton township and one in Martic township, aggregating 250 acres of valuable land, all of these being im- proved with commodious barns and comfortable dwellings; a fine mill property, which is of consid- erable value ; while aside from these he has some $20,000 at interest. Joseph Ambler is also financi- ally interested in the Quarryville National Bank, at Quarryville, Pa., being both a director and a stock- holder, and he is one of the leading men in all of the important and progressive enterprises of his local- ity. As a proof of his substantial position, if proof were needed, Mr. Ambler is the largest tax payer in Fulton township. In 1848 Joseph P. Ambler was married to Eliz- abeth Smedley, who was born in 1824, and died April TO, 1890 ; she was a daughter of Eli Smedley, 506 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY a farmer of Fulton township. Seven children were born to this union: Leander, who died in child- hood; Lydia, who also died in childhood; Laura, who married Alfred Jewell, of Chester county ; Alva, born March 8, i860, who died Sept. 7, 1881 ; Sarah, who married Walter P. Reynolds, of Oxford, Pa. ; Eli, who died in infancy ; and Charles, who married Lulu Scott, of Little Britain, and resides on the home farm. In politics Mr. Ambler has been a consistent member of the Republican party, and throughout his life has exerted his influence in favor of law, order and good citizenship. A man of temperate habits, he has set an example to those who follow him. No citizens are more thoroughly representative of the best agriculturists of his county than himself and son, and none are more highly esteemed. JOHN W. SHOWAKER, a prominent farmer of Bart township, Lancaster county, was born in Paradise township, Aug. 7, 1842, a son of John and Margaret (Ryland) Showaker, both of whom were natives of Montgomery county, where he was born in 1793, and his wife in 1798. John Showaker was a son of Godfrey Showaker, who was born in Germany and settled in Mont- gomery county, where he and his wife died, leaving a family of three children, John, Henry and Cath- erine. Henry died unmarried in Montgomery coun- ty.. Catherine married John Brooker and settled in Germantowri, where she died, leaving a family of children. John Showaker was married in Montgomery county in 1832. He came to Sadsbury township, where he was engaged some vears as a farmer. Then he moved into Paradise township, and he lived there until 1848. That year he bought the present farm home of his family near Nickel Mines, in Bart township. There he made substantial improve- ments, put up a brick house, connecting with the house already built, and there he remained until his death in 1858. He left a widow who died in 1881. Both were members of the Lutheran Church, and led honorable and upright lives. In politics he was a Whig. They had three children, (i) Catherine was born in Montgomery county in 1820, and was reared in Lancaster county, where she married James Martin, of Bart township. He was a civil engineer, and had a home in Germantown, where both died, she in 1896 and he some years previously. (2) Laura, born in 1821, married James Brown, of Bart township ; they are now living in Georgetown, Lancaster county, and have one son, J. W., who is married, and settled on a farm iti the same county. (3) Tohn W. The mother of John W. Showaker before her marriage was Margaret Ryland, a native of Mont- gomery county. She was a daughter of Andrew and Phoebe (Burkett) Ryland, who came of English parentage, and were old settlers of Montgomery county, dating back to Revolutionary times. John W. Showaker received his education in the home schools, and remained at home with his parents as long as they lived, succeeding to the possession of the farm. He has continued farming to the pres- ent time. John W. Showaker was married in Jan., 1874, to Kate A., a daughter of James P. and Anna (Man- ahan) Russell. The Russell family has been long and favorably, known in Lancaster county. James Russell, was born in Carlisle, Pa., in 1814; he was a saddler by trade, and carried on business in George- town, until his death, Jan. i, 1888. His wife, who is still living in Georgetown, was born in Bart town- ship in 1820. Her parents, James and Rebecca Man- ahan, were also natives of this county. James and Anna Russell had the following children : Phillip, a resident of Genesee, N. Y. ; Kate A., wife of John W. Showaker ; Rebecca, at home unmarried ; James M., in Georgetown; Daniel H., at home; Henrietta D., at home. Mr. and Mrs. John W. Showaker settled at the old home, and to them have come five dhildren : Margaret Showaker, unmarried, at home ; James R. Showaker, at home ; John, who married Miss Mar- tha Rice, a lady of Bart township, lives at the home of his father, and has one daughter, Elsie ; Anna and William are unmarried and at home. Religiously this family has been very largely connected with the Presbj'terian Church. In politics Mr. Showaker is a Republican. John W. Showaker is a well-to-do and prosper- ous citizen, and is highly spoken of among the peo- ple of this township, where his industrious and use- ful life has been passed for so many years. WILLIAM S. MARTIN, in his lifetime a prom- inent farmer of Colerain township, Lancaster county, was born there May 8, 1832, his parents being Sam- uel and Jane (Rankin) Martin. The Martin fam- ily has long been associated with the history of the county, and its various representatives have been people of character and worth. Samuel Martin was born near the present home of the family m 1795, and his wife, Jane Rankin, in Chester county, the preceding year. Her parents were James and Susannah Rankin, and their home was in Highland township, Chester county, where they took a prominent place in the community. He , was a sturdy advocate of temperance in an early day, and is remembered as among the first to banish liquor from the harvest field. Samuel Martin was a son of Samuel and Eliza- beth Martin, who came from Ireland, and settled in Colerain township, where they became the parents of four children ; James, Samuel, Isabella, and Sarah who married William Mackey. The last-named had three sons, who became Presbyterian ministers,. James, Elkana, and William. James Mackey was a, missionary to Africa, and died in New London, Chester county. James Martin married Eliza Morrison, and set- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 507 tied on the old home farm in Colerain township, where he died in 1857, leaving a family of children, all of whom have removed to other sections of the country. Samuel Martin settled on a part of his fa- ther's estate, where he died in April, 1863. His widow, Jane Rankin, died Nov. 17, 1876. They were stanch Presbyterians, and were active supporters of their faith. Mr. Martin was a strong anti-slavery man, and he and Abner Davis, at one time were the o^nly ones in that section to vote the Anti-slavery ticket. In after years he was a strong Republican. Samuel Martin and wife left four children, (i) James R., who was bom in 1829, died in 1850, un- married. (2) William S. (3) Elijah, born in 1834, married Miss Lydia Thompson, and settled on tiie old homestead in Colerain township, where he died in 1893 ; his wife died in Aug., 1874. They left seven children : Samuel, living near Christiana, Lancaster county: Sarah, a resident of Philadelphia, and un- married; Mary, married to' Benjamin Carter, of Sadsbury township; Ella, a teacher of Lancaster county; Belle wife of Reese Evenson, of Smyrna, Lancaster county ; Harriet, married to Callie Scott, of Christiana; and Susan, deceased. (4) Susanna, the only daughter of Samuel and Jane Martin, was born in March, 1836, and married John Coulter, a farmer of Bart township by whom were three chil- dren; the eldest Rankin Martin, married to Anna Long; Elizabeth, married to Robert Lesley Patter- son ; and Mabel, at home. William Martin, whose name introduces this article, was a student at the select school of Thomas Baker, as well as in the public schools of Colerain township. He was married March 17, 1857, to Joanna, a daughter of Christopher and Mary Quig- ley Davis. Christopher Davis was born in this county in 1805, and his wife Mary Quigley Davis was born in Chester county in 1807. They were married in May, 1829, and settled on a farm in Colerain township, where they spent their lives. Mrs. Davis died at this home in 1840, and he passed away in April, 1865, leaving four children. They were consistent mem- bers of the Presbyterian Church. He was a stanch Republican, and a strong temperance advocate. Of the children of Christopher Davis and wife, (i) Joanna was born in April, 1831, and received her education at Kennett Square, in the Ladies Semin- ary, and at the State Normal in Millersville. She became a teacher and for eight years taught in the public schools of Lancaster and Chester counties. (2) Elizabeth, born in Aug., 1834, married John McGowan, of Lancaster county ; they settled in Sads- bury township, where she died in 1867, leaving two children, Elva and Joanna, who married William Tompson, who is now dead. (3) John James born in 1837, was reared in Lancaster county, and when a young man he went to Ohio, where he married Miss Barbara Kirkwood. They live in Caldwell county. Mo., where he is a leading stock dealer. They have one son, William S. (4) William died in young manhood. William Martin settled on the present home of the family, shortly after his marriage. In 1859 he, put up a home, and later constructed enlarged barn and shed accommodations. Here he died in Aug., 1893, leaving a widow and seven living children, two dying in childhood : ( i ) R. Finney, born at the old family homestead in 1858, married Miss Effie Gibson, of Chester county, and lives on his farm in Chester county. His wife died, leaving him three children : Virginia, Chester and Roy, The second Mrs. Mar- tin was born Rebecca Lewis, of Philadelphia, and is the mother of one child, Thomas. (2) Martha K., born in Colerain in i860, married George Moffatt and now resides in Scranton, Pa., where he is en- gaged in business as an electrical engineer. (3) Elizabeth B. Martin, born in 1863, was edu- cated in the Millersville State Normal with her sister Martha, and lives at home, unmarried. (4) Jane K. Martin was born at the present home of the family, and is still at home unmarried. (5) Arrabell R. and (6) May died with diphtheria, in childhood. (7) Thaddeus S. Martin, is unmarried, and is a clerk and bookkeeper in a business house in Philadelphia. (8) Joseph Davis, born at the family home, is single, and has charge of the home farm. (9) Maud Mar- tin, born in 1877, attended the State Normal in Chester county, from which she was graduated in the class of 1897, and after teaching five years in the public schools of Delaware county, married Rob- ert Treat Hogg, son of William H. and Esther- (Hastings) Hogg, of Colerain, Lancaster county. Mr. Martin and his wife were connected with the Presbyterian Church. DAVID MYERS_, one of the leading men of Strasburg township, is a worthy representative of one of the old settlers of Lancaster county. Grand- father John Myers, with his estimable wife, Polly (Creamer) Myers, came many years ago from his home in Germany and settled in this county, becom- ing one of the large landholders and successful farm- ers, and leaving behind them, at death, the record of worthy lives. Most especially was Grandmother Myers, who lived a beautiful life for eighty years, be- loved by the community for her deeds of neighborly kindness, and her loving care over the children who ever found in her a sympathetic friend. She sur- vived her husband thirty years, and was the de- voted mother of these children : Sophia, who died unmarried ; Sally, who married Henry Reminskey ; Polly, who died unwedded; Fannie, who married John Graham ; John, a farmer of Strasburg town- ship ; Frederick, a farmer of Bart township ; David ; and Benjamin, who died early. David Myers, father of the subject of this biog- raphv, was always a farmer of Eden township, where he became a man of property and prominence, and faithfully served as township supervisor, being •508 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY trusted and esteemed by his fellow-citizens. His marriage had been to Mary Homsher, who lived to the age of fifty-one, and became the mother of ten children : Abraham and Eliza, twins, the former now 3. resident of Lancaster City, the latter deceased at the age of twenty-one; Samuel, a farmer of Eden township ; Jacob, a resident of Eden ; Mary, deceased, the wife of John Johnson, also deceased ; Fannie, the widow of Jacob Readman, a farmer of Bart town- ship ; Margaret, late wife of Robert Swisher, de- ceased; David; Henry, deceased, a farmer of .Bart township ; Julia, the youngest, the wife of Dr. Kee- ley, of Georgetown, in Bart township. David Myers (2) was born in what now is Eden township, on April 11, 1828, a son of David and Mary (Homsher) Myers. He was brought up on his father's farm in early boyhood, and was edu- cated in both subscription and public schools. At the age of sixteen, as his services were not needed at home, he engaged with neighboring farmers at •yvork, by the month, his father receiving his wages until he was twenty-one. When David Myers started out for himself, he continued to engage in agricultural labor, finding plenty of employment, Tboth by the day and by the month, and soon accumu- lated money which he wisely saved, using it at a la- ter date in the purchase of land. When about twen- ty-five years old he married, and then purchased a small farm in Strasburg township, but he later dis- posed of it, first renting and then purchasing the farm upon which he has since resided. This farm became Mr. Myers' property in 1872; it contains sixty-five acres of very valuable land, and here he followed general farming, with such excellent re- sults that in 1896 he was able to retire 'from active life and enjoy the rest earned by a long season of in- ■dustry. The marriage of David Myers took place Dec. 14., 1852, to Mary A. Wirth, a daughter of Powell Wirth. She was born in 1826, in Germany, where she lived until the age of nine ; she died Jan. 22, 1899, the devoted and unselfish mother of a family of elev- en children, (i) Henry, born in Sept., 1853, is a farmer of Chester county. Pa., married Clara Ed- wards, and has these children, David, Aaron, Mary, Mattie, Benjamin, Harry, Allan and Elias. (2) John, born in Sept., 1856, is a farmer of Paradise township, married Frances McCleary, and has these children, Harry, Annie, David, May, Lizzie, Ada and Frank. (3) Elam, born in March, 1858, is a car- penter, residing in Lancaster City, married May Keeley, and has these children, Estella, Paul, Iva, Helen and Jerome. (4) Annie, born in March, 1859, married Jacob Weaver, of Bart township, and has these children, Mary and Ross. (5) Mattie, iDorn in August, 1863, married George Wirth, a farmer of Bart township, and has these children, Annie, Mary, Kate, John, Martha, Sadie, George, Gertrude and Clayton. (6) Katie, born in March, 1866, married John Burkholder, of Strasburg bor- ough, and has two children, Jacob and Edna. (7) Elias, born Oct. 13, 1867, lives on the farm where he and all his children were born. He married Mary Snyder, and has these children, Nettie, Aaron, Ross, Clarence, Maud and Anna Mary. (8) Sarah, born in Sept., 1870, married Henry Kreider, a farmer of Bart township, and has three children, Elva, Frank and Blanch. (9) Margarett was born Jan. 2, 1862, and died the following August. (10) David was born in May, i860, and died May 13, 1864, just four years old to a day. (11) Louisa, born April 5, 1865, died Aug. 6, 1865. Surrounded by his numerous descendants, Mr. Myers is almost like a patriarch of old, and it doubt- less gives him much comfort and satisfaction to know that the greater number cling to the old relig- ious faith in which he and his beloved wife so care- fully reared them. For many years he has been a leading member of the Old Mennonite Church, and is most highly esteemed and respected, while the whole family is regarded as one which fairly can be said to represent the best class of citizens in their part of Lancaster county. JACOB LINDEMUTH ZIEGLER, M. D., has been actively engasred in the practice of medicine in Mt. Joy for a period of fifty-eight years, though of late he has given over the more arduous work to his son, who has been in partnership with him for some time. There has been no more apprecia- tive witness to the many changes which have taken place in Lancaster county during his long life than Dr. Ziegler, and he has given practical and sub- stantial encouragement to many of the most import- ant improvements. The Doctor was born Nov. 17, 1822, in East Donegal township, this county, at the old family home on the banks of the Susquehanna river, a little west of Rowenna. He is of Swiss ancestry in the paternal line, his great-grandfather, who was one of the earliest white settlers in Manor township, having been a native of the "Mountain Republic." Conrad and Magdalena, (Schock) Ziegler, grand- parents of the Doctor, were born in Manor town- ship, and after their marriage settled in East Done- gal township, where they passed the remainder of their days. He was a farmer by occupation. Their children were Mrs. Henry Strickler; Jacob; Mrs. Lewis Lindemuth ; Martha, Mrs. Joseph Strickler, of York countv; and Conrad, who married Miss Schoch. Mr. Ziegler died in 1831, his wife in 1826, and their remains rest in Peck's cemetery, in East Donegal township. Jacob Ziegler, the Doctor's father, was bom in Manor township and passed the greater part of his life in East Donegal township, where he engaged in farming until he retired, some seven years be- fore his death. He was a successful man, accumu- lated a comfortable competence, and was one of the directors of the Lancaster County Bank. He mar- ried Barbara Lindemuth, a native of East Donegal township, who survived him, passing away in 1873, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 509 ai the advanced age of eighty-nine years. His death occurred in May town in 1870, when he was aged eighty-six. Both are buried in the Lutheran cem- etery in Maytown. Mrs. Ziegler was a member of the Lutheran Church. Of the children born to this worthy couple, David died when two years old. Martha, now residing in Maytown, is the widow of Dr. Shireman, of East Donegal township. Jacob L. is the subject proper of these lines. Barbara (de- ceased) was the wife of John S. Mann, who is a farmer of Manor township. Anna married M. M. Hoffman, of East Donegal township. Mrs. Bar- bara Ziegler was descended from German stock, her grandfather having been a native of Germany, whence he emigrated to this country in 1764, set- tling in East Donegal township, where he was one of the earliest pioneers. He engaged in farming. Peter Lindemuth, Mrs. Ziegler's father, was born in East Donegal township, as was also his wife, whose maiden name was Wolfe. Mr. Lindemuth followed farming there until he retired, shortly be- fore his death, which occurred in 1830. He and his wife passed their last days in the home now occu- pied by Dr. Ziegler, and they are buried in Mt. Joy cemetery. Their family consisted of seven children, Jacob, Peter, Barbara (Mrs. Ziegler), Christiana (Mrs. Long), John, George and Lewis. Jacob L. Ziegler lived on the farm until he was thirteen years old, and received his early instruc- tion in the local public schools. Thereafer he pur- sued his literary studies in Rev. Mr. Sinipson's In- stitute, at Marietta, John Beck's Academy, at Lititz, and the Mt. Joy Institute. He taught school one season, in 1839-40, and in 1840 took up the study of medicine, reading with Dr. Nathaniel Watson, of Donegal Springs, for the next four years. Mean- time, in 1842-43-44, he also attended lectures at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, from which institution he was graduated in 1844. He con- tinued with his preceptor until Aug, 5, that year, when he came to Mt. Joy, where he has ever since remained. Dr. Ziegler has always enjoyed the con- fidence of his fellow citizens, in both professional and private life, and he has been the recipient of many honors, especially in medical circles. He is a valued member of the Lancaster County Medical Society, of which he was twice elected president; a member of the Pennsylvania State Medical So- ciety, of which he was elected \ ice-president in 1879, and president in 1881 ; a member of the Society of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia, of which he has been president five terms, and is still serv- ing, having been re-elected in November, 1901 ; a member of the Pathological Society, Philadelphia; and of the American Medical Association, Since 1886 the Doctor has been surgeon of the Pennsyl- vania Railway Company. In 1862 Dr. Ziegler was sworn in as a private in Co. E, loth P. V. I., and sent to Hagerstown, Md., where he was detailed iii his professional ca- pacity. He returned home after a few weeks' serv- ice. The Doctor holds membership in the G. A. R. Though his duties as a general practitioner over a wide field have been arduous, Dr. Ziegler has found time to indulge his literary tastes, which have taken him particularly into the field of his- tory and genealogy. In this connection he is a zealous member of the Lancaster Historical Society, the Pennsylvania Historical Society, the Presby- terian Historical Society, the Pennsylvania Genea- logical Society, and the Forestry Society, and he is a recognized authority in local history. His chron- icles are reliable, and well set forth. Since 1875 the Doctor has been collecting data for a history of Donegal Church, which has been recently published. In 1880 he was honored by Lafayette College with the degree of A. M. Dr. Ziegler has attended the Donegal Church since 1840, and has been on the membership list since 1845. He is an elder at present and has never shirked his part in the benevolent work of the congregation. Though not particularly active in public affairs, at any rate as an office holder, the Doctor served two years, 1861-62, as burgess of Mt. Joy. He is a Re- publican in political sentiment. All in all, he has played a useful part in the community where his lot has been cast, and he has commanded the highest esteem from all with whom he has been associated. On April 18, 1848, Dr. Ziegler was ma:rried, at his present home in Mt. Joy, to Miss Harriet B. Patterson, who was born in Rapho township, this county, daughter of Col. James and Mary (Wat- son) Patterson. They were natives, respectively, of Rapho and East Dohegal townships, and passed their latter days retired, in Mt. Joy, dying in the home now occupied by Dr. Ziegler. Mrs. Ziegler passed away July 9, 1900, in her eighty-third year, and her refnairis rest in the Donegal Church cemetery. She was the mother of the following nam^d chil- dren : James P., M. D., who practices with his fa- ther ; Walter M. L., M. D., of Philadelphia ; J. Stan- ley, who is in the Government employ at Washing- ton, D. C. ; Thomas M. B., ticket, freight and ex- press agent at Luray, Va. ; and Mary R., who died at the age of eight vears. The sons are all unmar- ried. CHRISTIAN EBY, deceased. The Eby fam- ily is one of the oldest and best known in Lancaster county, and among its noted representatives a cen- tury ago was Bishop Peter Eby. Christian was the second son of this well known bishop and was born on the homestead at Eby's Curve in Salisbury town- ship, Aug. 22, 1795, He was a life-long farmer and remained on a portion of the old homestead until 1847, when he removed to Strasburg tqwnship and there spent the remainder of his life, dying in 1877, aged eighty-one years. He was a man of superior mental and moral attainments, though quiet and unostentatious in manner. Before the free school system was established he took a deep inter- est in the cause of education and served in the ca- 610 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY pacity of trustee. But though public-spirited, pro- gressive and the strong advocate of law and order, he was content to live his own quiet, individual life, and did not seek public office nor public prominence. When a young man he married Miss Rebecca Wit- wer, a native of Earl township, daughter of David and Mary (Rife) Witwer. To Christian and Re- becca Eby were born a family of twelve children, namely: Mariah, widow of Henry Brackbill, re- siding in Paradise township, south of Leaman Place ; Margaret, who died unmarried, at the age of sev- enty-two years; David, who resides, on the old homestead in Strasburg township; Elizabeth, un- married; Levi, a resident of Lancaster city; Re- becca, wife of Henry Rohrer, of Hagerstown, Md. ; Samuel, a sketch of whom appears below; Benja- min, a resident of East Lampeter township ; Cath- erine, wife of Emanuel Neff, a resident of Stras- burg township ; Emanuel : Peter, who was killed in childhood; and Anna, who died in infancy. The parents were devout members of the Mennonite Church. SAMUEL EBY, son of Christian and Rebecca Eby, was born April 19, 1834, in Salisbury town- ship. He was reared on the farm, receiving his education in the common schools of Salisbury and Strasburg townships. At the age of twenty-two years he began his own individual career by taking a farm in Strasburg township to work on shares. Later he purchased from his father a farm of 117 acres in Bart township. This he operated for a period of six years, when he sold it and removed to Nottoway county, Va., purchasing a farm there and occupying it for ten years. Returning to Lancaster county, he re-engaged in farming, locating first in Strasburg township and managing the J. F.' Herr farm for two years. After one year spent on a farm in East Lampeter township, he moved to the old Eby homestead at Eby's Curve, where he resided for seven years. He then removed to the B. J. Leckler farm, north of the Gap, where he remained for five years. Making public sale of his efifects, he spent one year on a small farm of twelve acres and then in 1896 came to Paradise village and engaged in the coal, feed and lumber business, as partner in the firm of Buckwalter & Eby. Three years later Mr. Buckwalter, the junior partner, withdrew and Mr. Eby's son became associated with him, the firm name changing to Eby & Son. The busi- ness was established by Adam K. Witmer & Bro., about the time the Pennsylvania road was com- pleted. The present firm do a general warehouse business and Mr. Eby gives it his entire attention. He possesses superior business ability and more- over possesses that broad view of life which looks to the general weal of the community in which he lives. He is one of the most public spirited men in this part of the county, and not only gives pas- sive assent, but active and influential co-operation to enterprises and measures for the public good. He is highly respected for his many estimable qual- ities and ranks high in influence and worth. He married in January, 1856, Miss Mary Ann Esbenshade, daughter of Adam and Mary (Krei- der) Esbenshade. Mr. and Mrs. Eby are the par- ents of three children, Kezia, Phares E., and Eli- zabeth. Kezia is the wife of Henry Pickel, who conducts the stage line between Lancaster and Par- adise and resides at Paradise Village. Phares E., associated with his father in business, was married first to Hettie Suavely, who died without issue; second, to Salinda Hershey, who left one son, Franklin H. ; and third, to Mary Ann Rutt. Eli- zabeth is the wife of Henry S. Denlinger a farmer of Paradise township. They have four children, Lloyd, Annie, Lottie and Irvin. Mr. and Mrs. Eby and their family are members of the Mennonite Church. ALEXANDER K. MORRISON, a highly re- spected citizen and excellent farmer of Lancaster county, resides on his farm of 107 well-improved acres, in Little Britain township, at King's Bridge, and was born in Colerain township, Sept. 30, 1837. His parents were Alexander W. and Margaret (Mc- Common) Morrison, natives of the same township, but of Scotch-Irish ancestry. Great-grandfather Gabriel Morrison came to Lancaster county and bought a large tract of land in Colerain township; his son, also Gabriel, married Ann Love, the three children of this union being, Thomas L... Alexander and Julia Ann. Alexander W. Morrison was born in 1796 and died in 1872. In 1823 he was united in marriage to Margaret McCommon, and eight children were born to this union. Ann Eliza is the widow of Vin- cent King, of King's Bridge, and the capable house- keeper for A. K. Morrison. She was born in 1824 and her living children are: Elizabeth, the wife of Emmerson Walton, of Colerain township; Vincent, of Colorado; Laura, the wife of John Furniss, of Little Britain ; Horace, of Christiana ; Joseph M., of California; and Thorwald, of Philadelphia, James M. is a resident of the State of Oregon, a minister in the Presbyterian Church. Joseph B. is a resi- dent and practicing physician of Missouri. The life of Alexander K. is given below. Samuel W. died in 1890; the other three children died in infancy. Alexander Kinkade Morrison grew to young manhood on the farm, and acquired his education in the public schools of his locality. In August, 1862, he testified to his loyalty to his country by enlisting as a volunteer in the 122nd P. I., and took part in some of the fiercest battles of the Civil war, notably, Fredericksburg, the second battle of Bull Run, Chancellorsville and the Potomac campaign, being honorably discharged in May, 1863. Having es- caped both imprisonment aiid injury, Mr. Morrison returned home and resumed farming, closely apply- ing himself to the line he had chosen. His present fine farm is well improved and bears testimony to his BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 511 €xcellence as a farmer, while the respect in which he is held by the community speaks for itself as to his upright character as a citizen. In politics Mr. Morrison is an active Republi- can ; he served as deputy coroner from 1882 to 1885 and again from- 1893 to 1900. He took the census in 1890 for his township, Little Britain ; in 1902 he was elected school director for the same township. He is a leading member of the Union Presbyterian Church in Colerain township. Fraternally he be- longs to the G. A. R. post, and enjoys talking over the times of stress with comrades who, like himself, were not found wanting when their country's call came. Mr. Morrison has never married, his be- loved sister giving him loving care and doing the honors of his hospitable home. HENRY N. EBY, a general farmer of the township of West Hempfield, Lancaster, was born where he is now living Aug. 16, 1837, ^ son of Jonas and Veronica (Nissley) Eby, who were born in Eli- zabeth and Rapho townships, respectively, and came in 1826 to the farm on which Henry' N. is now living. Jonas Eby was engaged from 1820 to 1826 in the milling business on the Little Conestoga river. In 1846 and 1847 he operated the Chiques Valley mill. A man of considerable importance in the local affairs of his time, he served as school director for many years. Born March 14, 1799, he died Oct. 11, 1884. Mrs Veronica Eby was born June 21, 1798, and died Oct. 30, 1839. The father was buried at the Landisville Meeting House cemetery, and the mother on the old Nissley farm. They were members of the Mennonite Church. His standing in the business world is evident from the fact that he served several years as a director of the Union Bank of Mt. Joy. Their children were: John, who is a retired farmer of Lancaster, Pa. ; Fanny, late wife of Martin Peiffer, of Salunga, Pa. ; Elias, a retired farmer of East Donegal ; Samuel, a retired merchant of Mt. Joy; Simon, a retired farmer of Mt. Joy ; Amos, died unmarried in i860 ; Henry N. Both father and mother were twice married. Dec. 12, 1819, Jonas Eby was married to Veronica Niss- ley, and Nov. 12, 1863, to Martha Strickler, who died in West Hempfield township, Aug. 7, 1876, at the age of sixty years and almost eight months. She was a daughter of Abraham Strickler, of Lan- caster county, who married a Miss Hostetter. Mrs. Veronica (Nissley) Eby, was first married to Abra- ham Hoover in 1815, and there was born to them Nancy, who was twice married, first to John Boss- ier, and then to Daniel Kreider, and who is now dead. John and Mary (Witwer) Eby, the grandparents of Henry N. Eby, were both born in Elizabeth town- ship in this county, and were farming people. The grandfather followed milling along with his farm- ing labors. John Eby died May 25, 1845, at the age of seventy- seven years, and his wife, who died Aug. 25, 1856, was eighty-three years old. They were buried on the old homestead where their long and useful lives had been passed. Born to this union were: Catherine; Jonas; Mary; Rebecca; EHas, who married Elizabeth Erb; Elizabeth, who mar- ried Samuel Risser ; Levi, who married Anna Niss- ley; Anna, who married Samuel Hershey. The paternal great-grandparents of Mr. Eby were Christian and Catherine (Bricker) Eby, who spent their lives on the old homestead, in the town- ship of Elizabeth, where both were born. Chris- tian Eby was the son of Christian, and the grandson of Theodorils, the pioneer settler of the family in this part of the state. Theodorus Eby was a noted man in the family records. The son of Bishop Jacob Eby, he was born in Switzerland in 1663, and, because he was a devoted Mennonite, was compelled to leave his native country in 1704 to escape unendurable persecution. For about eleven years he made, his home in the "Palatinate," Germany, but here per- secution was quite as severe as at home, and with other co-religionists he left for Philadelphia, Pa. in the spring of 171 5, and some time, in August of the same year effected a settlement in Lancaster county, where he lived until his death, in the full enjoyment of that liberty that seemed denied elsewhere through all the world. He died Dec. 11, 1737, leav- ing four sons and one daughter, as follows : Peter ; Hannes; Jacob; Christian; Elizabeth, who married Hannes Baehr. The sons were all skilled in the mechanical arts of the day, and it is a matter of tradition that their father built an important mill with no other assistance than they were able to render him. The maternal grandparents of Mr. Eby were Bishop Samuel Nissley, of Rapho township and Anna Mumma, of West Hempfield township. Bishop Nissley was married three times, to Barbara Greider, to Anna Mumma, and to Maria Long- necker. Henry N. Eby was twice married, first in i860, in Lancaster county. Pa., to Mary Franck, becom- ing by this marriage the father of the following family : Daniel, who died of diphtheria in 1871 ; Amos F., a farmer in East Donegal township, who married Anna Reist ; Fanny, who married Simon E. Garber, of West Donegal township ; Jonas, who died at the age of seven months ; Levi, a farmer, who married Kate Stauffer,- of East Donegal township; Anna, wife of Elias Linde- muth, a farmer of East Donegal township. Mrs. Mary (Franck) Eby, who was born in Warwick township, died Jan. 3, 1876, at the age of thirty-five years, and was buried in Landisville; she was the daughter of Christian and Catherine (Snyder) Franck. Her father was the son of Dea- con John Franck, of Warwick. The second marriage of Mr. Eby occurred Nov. 6, 1878, in Manheim, Pa., when he was united in marriage with Elizabeth Hostetter, and there were born to this marriage, Henry and Elizabeth, twins, 512 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and David, all living at home. Elizabeth (Hos- tetter) Eby was born near Manheim, Pa., Sept. i, 1841, and was a daughter of David and Maria (Peiflfer) Hostetter, both natives of Penn township, where they lived and died. David was the son of Bishop Jacob Hostetter, who passed his entire life on the old homestead of the family in Penn town- ship, a pioneer settler of Lancaster county. They came from Switzerland about 17 12, and were Men- nonites in the home country. Mr. Eby has spent his life on the farm where he is now residing, and is one of the prominent and well-to-do people of the county. In religion he is a member of the Mennonite Church, and for ten years served as assistant superintendent of the Sun- day-school. Amos F. Eby, son of Henry N. Eby, a general farmer of East Donegal, and a member of the Par- agon Fruit and Nut Co., of Lancaster county, is a man of much push and energy ; he was born on the farm of his parents, Oct. 4, 1864. Henry N. and Mary (Franck) Eby, his parents, whose lives are noted above, are living on the old Eby homestead in West Hempfield township. Mr. Eby was married Oct. 17, 1889, in Rapho township, to Anna Reist, and to this union were bom Rhoda R. and Henry R. Mrs. Anna (Reist) Eby is a daughter of Henry B. and Catherine (Gar- ber) Reist. Amos F. Eby remained with his par- ents until he was twenty-five years old, when he left their sheltering roof to work a year in a cream- ery, and then entered upon his present work. He has a farm of eighty-one acres, and is in very pros- perous circumstances. Since 1897, he has been a school director. Since 1896 Mr. Eby has been as- sociated with the Fruit and Nut Company, and is a prominent and thrifty young man. He belongs to the Mennonite Church. Mrs. Catherine (Garber) Reist, the mother of Mrs. Amos F. Eby, was born in West Donegal township, May 19,' 1833, and was a. daughter of John and Catherine (Sechrist") Garber, who were born in Manor and West Hempfield townships, re- spectively. The father, who was a farmer all his life, died in 1842, and the widowed mother, who survived many years, died in 1879, in her eighty- sixth year, and was buried in West Donegal town- ship. ' They were members of the Mennonite Church, and became the parents of the following family: Michael; Mary, who married Christ Snyder; Anna, who married John Longnecker, of West Donegal township ; Barbara, who died young ; John ; Christian ; Catherine. Her paternal grand- parents were Andrew and Maria (Nolt) Garber, of Lancaster county, and her maternal grandparents were of the Sechrist family, an important one in the same county. Henry B. Reist, the father of Mrs. Anna Eby, of East Donegal township, who is noted above as marrying Amps F. Eby, was a valuable and useful citizen of Lancaster county in his lifetime. His great-grandparents, Peter and Anna (Boyer) Reist, came from Switzerland, and settled in Pennsyl- vania, where their descendants have all occupied an honorable and useful station in life. Henry B. Reist was born in Rapho township, Lancaster county, where he was long and success- fully engaged not only in farming but in commer- cial and financial pursuits. For twelve years prior to his decease, he was president of the First Nation- al Bank, of Mt. Joy, and was highly esteemed in the community in which he lived. He and his wife had children: Ely G., who is now. a farmer in Rapho township, Lancaster county; John G., a farmer, and manager of a creamery in Mt. Joy; Mary, the wife of S. S. Kraybill, a farmer of East Donegal township ; Henry, an electrician at Schen- ectady, N. Y. ; Emma, the wife of H. N. Hostetter, a farmer in East Donegal township ; Anna, the wife of Amos F. Eby, a farmer in East Donegal. Henry B. Reist died in 1879, at the age of forty-seven years, and was buried in East Donegal township. Both he and his wife were members of the Mennon- ite Church. Mrs. Reist is still living, and makes her home with her daughter Mrs. Eby. Mr. Reist served as school director in Mt. Joy township, for some years. John G. Reist, who was born in Mt. Joy town- ship in 1857, resides in Mt. Joy, and devotes his at- tention to the large creamery business of Reist, Nissley & Co., of vifhich he is the junior partner. The creamery was built in 1887, and its patronage is steadily increasing under its very able management. In 1889 Mr. Reist was married to Miss Catherine Hostetter, of Manor township, and a daughter of Ezra Hostetter ; to this tmion were born three chil- dren: Florence, Esther and John. HENRY R. ERB, of Pine Hill, Lancaster coun- ty, was born Aug. 12, 1847, on the farm adjoining that on which he at present resides, and is a son of Reuben and Hettie (Royer) Erb, both now de- ceased. Reuben Erb was a son of David Erb, who was descended from Christian Erb, one of the earliest natives of Lancaster county. Reuben Erb was a miller and farmer in Warwick township, and was reared to these vocations in his father's mill and on his father's farm. To his marriage with Hettie Royer were born two children, Henry R. and Su- sannah, of whom the latter died in early childhood. In politics Reuben Erb was a Republican. Henry R. Erb was reared on the home, and ag- riculture has been his life pursuit, although he is now practically retired. He is the owner of productive farms adjoinitig, and comprising 500 acres. These farms have long been the property of the Erb fam- ily — one tract of 225 acres for several generations. His great-great-grandfather, Christian Erb, above alluded to, owned and lived upon this farm, and ^^^^s.*^ /?, &'l^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 513 it is surmised that the father of Christian was the original purchaser, as he was the founder of the Erb family in this county. Henry R. Erb has been one of the most active and public-spirited men of the county, and as a Republican has taken considerable interest in pub- lic affairs. He has held the office of school director and at present is a director in the Lititz National Bank. Mr. Erb was married, in 1867, to Miss Eliza- beth A. Wolf, daughter of Henry Wolf, of Warwick township, and to this union have been born two children, of whom one died in infancy; the other, Annie N., is the wife of D. M. Grobill, of East Pitts- burg, Pennsylvania. The Erb family, besides being one of the oldest, is one of the most highly respected in Lancaster county, where, even within the me;mory of Henry R. Erb himself many miraculous changes have taken place in the county limits. To the great improve- ments that have been made locally Mr. Erb has con- tributed freely of his means, and has been person- ally active in their promotion. MILTON KEYLOR, a wealthy and retired farmer of Colerain township, Lancaster county, was born June 14, 1828, in Bart township, a son of Jdhn and Sarah (Meginness) Keylor. The father was born in Raumland, Germany, Jan. 19, 1790; and the mother Oct. 13, 1795, in Colerain township. She was a daughter of James Meginness, who was born in Delaware in 1767. His life was mostly spent in Colerain township, Lancaster county, where he died Nov. i, 1839. John F. Meginness is one of his grandsons. John Keylor was the son of Jacob Keylor, who came with his wife and family to the shores of America in 1795, to escape the woe and devasta- tion of war in Germany. They landed at New- castle, Delaware, and made their way to Chester county, where they were given employment by Richard Baker, who had his home on the banks of the Brandywine. Jacob Kuehler, whose name was anglicized to "Keylor," died at his home in Chester county in 1816, leaving a widow and five children. John was the father of Milton Keylor ; Henry, who was born in Germany in 1793, married Eliza A. Swisher, and settled in Bart township, where he died Jtily 21, 1875 ; Katherine Keylor, born in Ger- many in 1795, married Thomas Mullen, who settled in Delaware, where she died in 1826. There were born to Jacob Keylor and his wife after their arrival in this country two daughters, Maria and Hannah. Maria Keylor, who was born in 1800, married John Buffington, and settled near Atglen, where she died in 1896. Hannah Keylor, who was born in Chester county, in 1802, married Nathan Famous, and settled near Unionville ; she died in the home of her son-in-law, Thomas Mullen, at Kennett Square, in 1892. John Keylor, the father of Milton, began his 33 career in Bart township, as, an independent farmer.- During the war of 181 2 he was called upon to raise a company, which he did, though their services were never required. In his after life he was very suc- cessful, and became quite prosperous, owning three farms in Lancaster county. His death occurred Nov. 3, 1872, and he was buried by the side of his wife in Friends' cemetery. She died in September, 1865. In Germany the Keylors were Presbyterians, but as Richard JBaker, mentioned above, was a Quaker, they accompanied him to the Friends Meet- ing at Bradford, and soon learned to use the Quaker speech, and adopted that faith. John Keylor and his wife had seven children who lived to maturity. (i) Ann E. Keylor, born in January, 1825, married Daniel Byer, in February, 1848, and settled in Juniata county, where in 1875 Mr. Byer died. She moved to Chester county, where she died in 1879, leaving four children: John J., of Chester county; Hannah, who died at home in 1902; Sarah, who married Davis Bailey, of Thorndale, Chester county; and Anna at the home in Chester county. The first child, Emma, had died previously. (2) Hannah M. Keylor, born Aug. 10, 1826, was the widow of E. H. Emory, and lived on a part of the old Keylor homestead, which had passed into her hands. She died in April, 1902. Her two sons, John K. and Clement M. Emory, are both single. (3) Milton Keylor, whose name introduces this article, is the third member of the family. (4) Sarah Keylor was born Feb. 26, 1830, and married for her first husband Lewis H. Selzer, a mer- chant of Steelville, who died very shortly after mar- riage, leaving one son, Harry, who is in business in Wilmington, Delaware. Mrs. Selzer later married W. F. McLimarts, and has her home in West Grove, Chester county. (5) John B. Keylor, born Dec. 2, 1831, became a cabinet maker, and devoted several years of his early manhood, to this trade. He was married to Miss Leah L. Ritz, of Bart township, in 1858, and lo- cated in South Charleston, Clark Co., Ohio, where Mr. Keylor died Feb. 10, 1863, leaving a widow and one son, Howard R., who was born Oct. 9, i860. Mrs. Keylor did not remain in Ohio long after the death of her husband, but came back to Pennsyl- vania in May, 187 1. She married for her second husband, George Sterrett, of Philadelphia. They removed in October, 1871, to Walla Walla, Wash- ington, where she died April 10, 1889. Howard Keylor, her son, was educated in the University of Michigan, where he was graduated as a physician in 1882. After this he took a special course in the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Baltimore. In December, 1882 he began the practice of his pro- fession at Walla Walla, Wash., where he soon be- came eminent. He was appointed surgeon-general of the Territorial militia, which position he held at the time Washington was admitted to the Union, 514 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY May 10, 1890. He was afterward appointed on the State Board of Medical Examiners, and became its secretary, a position he is still holding. In 1889 he married Miss Sarah F. Stine, of Walla Walla, a native of California. They have two daughters, Edna and Leah. (6) George Keylor, born May 18, 1834, married Anna McGinness, of Montour county. Pa., in March, 1856, and had a home on a farm in Colerain town- ship, where Mrs. Keylor died in May, 1874, at the age of thirty-nine years. Her remains were taken to her home and interred at the family lot in Mil- ton, Pa. She left one son, Harry J., who was born in March, 1857. He learned the saddler's trade, and located in Montour county. Harry J. Keylor mar- ried in Danville, Pa., and has two children. George Keylor married for his second wife, Anna Scott, of Bart township, and located in Delaware, where he •died in January, 1900, leaving one son. Bayard, who lias since died. (7) Henry Keylor, born in April, 1836, was reared as a farmer, and married Martha Scott, of •Colerain township, where they are now living on a iarm. They have two children, Frank and Nannie, hoth of whom are at home. (8) Wellington Keylor, born in 1838, died in •childhood in 1844. Milton Keylor remained at the home farni unti\ he was of. age, and received his early education in the district schools in Bart township. For a few months he also attended a select school taught by James Brown. Mr. Keylor and Rebecca Byer, the eldest daughter of David and Mary (McElwain) Byer, were married Sept. 13, 184.9. Mrs. Keylor was born Feb. 17, 1827, and was reared to young ■womanhood in Bart township. She is a lady of high character, and has shared with her husband fifty-three vears of married life. They celebrated their golden wedding Sept. 13, 1899, on the farm they purchased in 1854. For many years Milton Keylor took an active part in local affairs; for twelve years he was a member of the school board, and his interest in the cause of public education is shown by the fact that at one time he provided a house on his farm for the establishment of a high school, which was taught by James McCuUough. Mr. Keylor was one of the founders of the Colerain and Bart Farmers' Club, and the Quarryville National Bank. He took an active part in the building of the Oxford and Peach Bottom Railroad, contributing liberally to its funds. For many years he was a trustee of the Colerain Baptist Church, of which he and his family have been consistent and helpful members. In his politics he is a Democrat. Mr. and Mrs. Keylor have been devoted to the education of their family. They would go with their children on long drives as far as into Mary- land, and would stay for a few days at Cape May, Long Branch or Atlantic City. He has attended the inauguration of two presidents. Gen. Grant and Grover Cleveland, taking Mrs. Keylor on both oc- casions to the national capital. Mr. Keylor has also attended three national expositions, in New York in 1853, the Centennial at Philadelphia, in 1876, and the Columbian, at Chicago, in 1893. Both are enjoying good health, and their friends cherish the hope that they may be long spared to each other. The oldest child of Mr. and Mrs. Keylor was James Ell wood, born Aug. 21, 185 1; he was edu- cated in the public schools of his community, and at the Millersville State Normal, for several years following the profession of teaching. In Alpril, 1 88 1, he married Anna C, a daughter of John M. and Fannie (Stively) Shenk, of Quarryville. For four years after his marriage he continued to teach, and then, feeling a call in that direction, prepared for the gospel ministry, at Crozier Seminary, in Chester county, and in the fall of 1885 set himself to a theological course, which he concluded in 1888. That year he received a call to the Baptist Church in Newfield, N. J., where he was ordained in No- vember. For seven years he was pastor of that church. In 1895 he was called to the Windsor Bap- tist Church, in' Chester county, where he is still located. He is the father of two children, John Milton and Rena F. John Milton Keylor is a grad- uate of the West Chester Normal, of Chester coun- ty, and now holds a position as teacher in Swarth- more College. Rena F. Keylor, born in December, 1884, resides at home, and is a student at the West- chester Normal. Anna M. Keylor, the second child of Milton Keylor, was born at the present home of the family, April 18, 1853, was educated at the Union High School and was a successful teacher for four years. She was married in 1876 to William B. Ryner, a native of Bart township, and they are now living on their farm in Colerain township, where they have two children : Rebecca A., born in 1883, who grad- uated in 1902 at the State Normal School at Mil- lersville and is now teaching; Spencer C, born in 1887, who is at home with his parents. Dr. Henry E. Keylor, second of Milton Key- lor, born Aug. 13, 1855, studied medicine with Dr. Thomas Wentz, of Kirkwood, was graduated with honor at Jeiferson Medical College in 1878, and at once entered upon the practice of his profession, but he was taken ill and died in September, 1880. He never married. Dr. Josiah B. Keylor, the fourth child of Milton Keylor, studied in the public schools, and the Union High School, and graduated at the Millersville State Normal in July, 1879. After a year teaching, for which his degree of B. E., indicated ability, he received the degree of M. E., and in 1880 was made the head of the high school of Maytown, Lancaster county. In 1881 he resigned this position to take that of superintendent of the Manheim borough , schools. It was his first intention to continue me profession of teaching as his life work, but after BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 515 the death of his brother Henry, he determined to become a physician himself. He began his medical studies under Dr. George T. Dare, of Oxford, Chester county, and in 1882 entered the College of Physicans and Surgeons, at Baltimore, from which he was graduated in 1885. He began his profes- sional career at Cochranville, Chester county, and very soon made for himself more than a local repu- tation as a capable and rising physician. In religion he is a member of the English Baptist Church, in politics, a Democrat, and fraternally, a devoted and enthusiastic member of the I. O. O. F., of which he has been an efficient member for a number of years. He is a Past Grand of Hebron Lodge, No. 437, of Chester county. He is also a Past Master of Skerret Lodge, No. 343, F. & A. M., having served as representative to the Grand Lodge, .Masonic Temple, Philadelphia. Dr. Keylor has traveled quite extensively, and has visited in thirteen states of the Union, from the Atlantic to the Pacific; in 1880 he spent seven, weeks in Colorado and Wyoming with his brother Henry, who was seeking a return of health in the mountains. Dr. Keylor was married in June, 1895, to Miss Lillian B. Rakestraw, of Strasburg township. They have their home in Cochranville, where the doctor owns real estate, and they have one daughter, Catherine Rebecca. JOHN H. ZELLER (deceased) was in his day one of the leading officials and citizens of Lancaster county, as well as one of its most enterprising busi- ness men. He was born in Shrewsbury, York Co., Pa., May 29, 1832, son of Charles and Martha (Green) Zeller," the former a native of York and the latter of Lancaster county. John H. Zeller was reared in Florin, Lancaster county, where he was educated in the public schools, ■and at the age of fifteen years began teaching, a vocation he continued to follow until about 1862, when he was elected to the office in the court of quarter sessions of the county and moved to Lancaster; he remained in the city but six months, however, and then returned to Florin. In 1857 he was elected a justice of the peace, but on his re- moval to Mt. Joy in 1870, resigned this office ; in the meantime, from the expiration of his office in the court of quarter sessions in 1866 until his com- ing to Mt. Joy, he conducted a mercantile husiness in Florin. At this place in 1872, he was again elected justice of the peace and re- elected in 1877. In 1879 he was elected clerk of the Orphans' Court, served three years and then ex- pressed a desire to retire to private life. But his many friends insisted upon his once more taking the office of justice of the peace, which he had pre- viously so ably and satisfactorily filled. He fin- ally consented and filled the office until 1883, when he resigned in order to become a notary — an office he held until death, Oct. 31, 1898. In addition to the elective offices, Mr. Zeller had filled, he was active in other walks of life. For many years he was a school director, was a director in the First National Bank of Mt. Joy, was one of the founders of the Henry Eberly cemetery at Mt. Joy, and for forty-seven years clerked at public sales. He was also director in the Marietta and Mount Joy Turnpike Company, was a fire insurance and real estate agent, was a collector, scrivener and sur- veyor, and did a large business in settling up estates. He was one of the busiest men in the county, was known everywhere and stood very high in the es- teem of the people. He was a quiet, unassuming gentleman, of a kindly disposition and honest to the core. He was emphatically what is called a self- made man, having started as a farmer-lad and ris- ing to the position of leading official and a business man of eminence. In politics he was a Republican and fraternally was a Knight of Pythias. Mr. Zeller was united in marriage with Miss Margaret Hinny, who was born in Oregon, Lan- caster Co., Pa., March 3, 1833, daughter of Samuel and Margaret Hinny. To this marriage there were born nine children, in the following order: Sam- uel H., Nov. 27, 185 1, died April 19, 1854; Charles H., born Oct. 25, 1855 ; William H., July 25, 1858, died Sept. 28, 1888 ; John B. S., Jan. 3, i86r ; Sallie A. H., Jan. 10, 1863, now the wife of C. L. Erby; Jacob H., March 3, 1866, the representative of the Prudential -Life Insurance Company, and for six years superintendent of the Lancaster Caramel works at Mt. Joy; U. S. Grant, born Oct. 31, 1868, died July i, 1872; Henry H., born Dec. 18, 1870, a clerk and salesman : Etta May, born April 19, 1873, the wife of C. K. Bennett. Charles H. Zeller, the eldest living of the above named children, was reared in Mt. Joy and was there educated in the common schools. At four- teen years of age, he began learning the painter's trade, but two years later abandoned it, and for six vears was engaged in iron moulding in Mt. Joy and Lancaster; he was next employed in various lines of business until 1877, when he began auctioneering and this he has followed successfully for twenty- six years, averaging twenty-five sales annually. For years, also, from 1884, he has been a trusted col- lector and in February of that year was elected jus- tice of the peace, a position he has held with credit to himself, continuouslv {mtil the present time. At the death of his father he succeeded to the business, which he still conducts in all its details. He also served from about 1879 to 1882 as constable, and is now a justice of the peace. He is also a director in the Marietta and Mt. Joy Turnpike Company. Fraternally, Charles H. Zeller is Master of Rec- ords of the K. of G. E. ; i-s Recording Secretary of the O. U. A. M. ; is treasurer of the D. of L., in which he has passed all the chairs, and is a member of the Degree of Pocahontas : also of the K. of M. C, the I. O. O. R., and the K. of M. In politics Mr. Zeller has always been a Republican. 516 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Charles H. Zeller was married Dec. 23, 1875, to Miss Subilla Morton, daughter of William Morton, of Lancaster county. Mr. Zeller, through his busi- ness ability and astuteness, has realized a compet- ency and is now living in comfort and in the enjoy- ment of the esteem of a large circle of warm-hearted friends. EPHRAIM E. WEAVER, a skillful, progres- sive and energetic farmer of Manor township, is a native of Lancaster county, born on the old home- stead in East Lampeter township Dec. 7, 1866, and was educated in the public schools' of that locality. He remained at home until his father retired from active business, and then entered the employ of his brother-in-law, Mr. Gifven, on whose farm he worked two or three years, after which he was in the employ of his brothers, Aaron and Benjamin F. Weaver, in Manor township, for ten years. On Nov. 18, 1891, Mr. Weaver married Miss Hettie E. Houser, a daughter of Christian and Emma (Hoover) Houser, and a granddaughter of John Houser. The first of the Houser family to come to America was her great-great-grandfather. Christian Houser, a native of Germany, who located in Lan- caster county. Pa. Mrs. Weaver's father was one' of a family of four children, was a farmer of Lam- peter township, and was a member of the Mennon- ite Church. He died June 19, 1898, at the age of fifty-four years, but her mother is still living, at the age of fifty-six. In their family were nine children, of whom Mrs. Weaver is the eldest, the others be- ing John E., a farmer of Lampeter township ; Win- nie M. ; Lizzie M., who died Aug. 16, 1902 ; Ella M., who was married March 12^ 1902, to Ellis Weaver, and is living on a farm in West Lampeter township ; Mabel K. ; Emma L. ; Ethel A. ; and Maud C. Mr. and Mrs. Weaver have two children: Al- bert E., born March 14, 1893; and Ruth E., born June 2, 1895. In the spring of 1892 Mr. Weaver located upon his present farm in Manor township, which he had purchased the previous fall. It consists of forty- seven and a half acres on the Columbia turnpike, three and a half miles west of Lancaster, and since it came into the possession of Mr. Weaver he has made many valuable improvements thereon, the place and its entire surroundings denoting the thrift, en- terprise and prosperity of the owner. He follows general farming, and is numbered among the rnost progressive men of his community. In his political affiliations he is a Republican. JOSEPH DICKINSON HARPER, one of the prominent and prosperous business citizens of Chris- tiana, Pa., was born in Upper Oxford township, Chester county, on Oct. 3, 1844. His parents were Jacob W. and Rachel (Dickinson) Harper, of Upper Oxford township, on the father's side, who was born in the old Harper homestead there, and of Salisbury township, in this county, on the mother's side, her native place having been on the site of what is now Lapps postoffice. Grandfather William C. Harper was a native of County Derry, Ireland, a nail maker by trade, and he came to America at the time of the Irish insur- rection. His marriage was to Mary Weldon, and they settled in Chester Co., Pa., on a farm near Rus- sellville, and both belonged to the Presbyterian Church. The maternal grandparents of Joseph Dickinson Harper were Joseph and Phoebe (Mor- ris) Dickinson, of Lancaster Co., Pa. Mr. Dickinson in connection with his farming engaged in mer- chandising also, and erected what is now Lapps store, for his son, Joseph. Father Jacob W. Harper was a blacksmith by trade and a veterinary surgeon by profession, be- came prominent in his township and held many of the local offices. His death occurred in 1885, at the age of seventy-four years, and that of his wife in 1877, at the age of sixty-five years. Their burial was at Faggs Manor Presbyterian cemetery, in Chester county, the former having been a member of the Presbyterian Church, while the latter ad- hered consistently through life to the tenets of the Society of Friends. Their children were : Joseph D. ; Mary W., who married Harry Witmer, a grocer in Lancaster; Phoebe A., who married Henry Bow- man, a farmer of Buck Run, Chester county ; Rachel, who died young; Emma J., deceased, who married Samuel Brookhart,^ of .Silver Spring, Pa., a con- ductor on the Philadelphia & Reading R. R. ; and John, who died from the effects of a kick from a horse, in 1875. At the age of eight years Joseph Dickinson Harper went to live with his paternal grandpar- ents and remained there, going to school and work- ing on the farm, imtil he was seventeen years of age, returning then to his father, under whom he learned the blacksmith's trade. At the age of twen- ty-one he went to Russellville and wo^rked for • twenty-three months in a carriage-making estab- lishment, going from there to Jennerville, where he rented a large carriage-making shop for a period of two years. For four years he was in the same business in Cochranville, coming to Christiana in 1876. Here he bought out the estabUshment con- ducted by Lingerfield & Hirst, and has successfully pushed this business ever since, becoming a leader in this part of the county. Mr. Harper has been noted for his industry and his present large busi- ness is mainly due to the honest and upright meth- ods which he has adopted, in connection with a close attention and thorough, practical knowledge of all details. The marriage of Mr. Harper was on Jan. 15, 1874, in Lancaster, to Miss Eliza A. Harvey, and the children born to this marsiage were: Taylor W., who lives at home, unmarried, and follows the trade of carriage painter; Arvilla J., a talented teacher ; Chester T., who is attending college at New Brunswick; and Myra E., at home. The birth of BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 517 Mrs. Harper was in West Fallowfield township, Chester county, in 1844, a daughter of Capt. Joseph and Eliza (McGloughHn) Harvey. The former was a farmer and also a blacksmith, was captain of the old Pennsylvania militia, and died in 1872, at the age of seventy-eight years, the mother surviving until 1879, dying at the age of seventy-five. Both parents of Mrs. Harper were consistent members of the Baptist Church. Their children were: Streeter, who died young; James, who died aged seventy; E. Pennock, a farmer of Chester county; Rebecca, who resides with her sister, Eliza A., Mrs. Harper ; Joel M., a butcher and grocer, in Parkes- burg, and Taylor, deceased. Mr. Harper has long been a member of the Pres- byterian Church where he contributes liberally of liis means. In political belief he is a Democrat, al- though his personal feelings lead him to favor much that he finds in the Prohibition party. In all things he is a good citizen, and fills every duty to his fami- ly, church and community in a way to secure to him the high esteem of his fellow-citizens. DAVID S. HORST, a watchmaker and former- ly a farmer of Rapho township, was born in Mt. Joy township, Jan. i, 1824, son of Peter and Chrisr tina (Shelley) Horst, of Lancaster county. Peter Horst was a miller, as early as 18 16 build- ing a mill in Mt. Joy, on the Little Chiques creek which he ran for forty years. The property still remains in the family. Mr. Horst died in 1876, at the advanced age of eighty-nine years; his wife died in 1870, at the age of seventy-four years. They are both buried in private burying grounds in Ra- pho township. They were members of the Men- Tionite Church. This couple had children as fol- lows : Abraham S. who died at the age of seventy years, married to Mary Musser; Henry S. who •died at the age of seven years ; Catherine S., de- ceased wife of Peter Risser; Fanny S., late wife of Samuel Meckley; David S. ; Elizabeth S., who lives at Mt. Joy, Pa. ; and Anna S., who is also un- married, and lives with her sister Elizabeth. The grandparents of Mr. Horst were Michael and Ver- onica (Shelly) Horst, of Lancaster. In the year 1780 Michael Horst built a stone house which ad- joins the residence property of his grandson, David S. Horst. The grandfather, who was a farmer, died in 1829, at the age of seventy-seven years, and his wife died fifteen years later. There were three brothers of the family who came from Switzerland, one settling in Groffs Dale, Lancaster county, who was the great-great-grand- father of David S. Horst; one near Lebanon, Pa., -and the other in York county. Pa. The maternal grandparents of Mr. Horst were Christian and Anna (Engle) Shelley. In 1850 in Lancaster, David S. Horst married Miss Mary Hershey, the ceremony being performed by Rev. Mr. Strine. There have been no children born to Mr. and Mrs. Horst. Mrs. Horst was born in Rapho township in November, 1825, daughter of Jacob and Catherine (Witmer) Hershey, of Lan- caster county. Her father, who was a farmer, died in 1841, at the age of fifty years. His wife died in 1863, at the age of seventy-two years, and they are buried in Cross Roads Meeting House cemetery, East Donegal township. They were members of the River Brethren Church. There were born to this couple the following children : Joseph, de- ceased; Catherine, deceased wife of John Heisey; Barbara, deceased wife of David Martin; Eliza- beth, deceased wife of Benjamin Ritter; Mary, wife of David S. Horst; Veronica, late wife of Joseph Gish, of Rapho township ; Susan, wife of Abraham Young, of Mt. Joy; and Jacob, deceased. Mrs. Horst's grandfather was Christian Hershey, of Lan- caster county. David S. Horst remained with his parents until his marriage, when he came to his present home. He worked in the mill part of the time, and part of the time on the farm. He had when a boy of nine acquired a knowledge of the watch making trade, and followed it from that time on whenever he had the time and occasion; as a child he made wooden clocks for his own amusement. Mr. and Mrs. Horst are members of the "River Brethren (Dunkard.) Church. In politics, Mr. Horst votes the Republi- can ticket, but he has never been a seeker after office. He is in affluent circumstances, and prominent in. the community in which he resides. Although well along in years his health is excellent, and he is abla to attend to business as well as a much younger man. CHARLES H. HINKLE, deceased. There are men who possess a certain kindliness of heart, steadiness of purpose, and stanch assertion of prin- ciple, combined with unassuming manners that at- tract irresistibly to them as steadfast friends all right minded individuals. A man of that character was Charles H. Hinkle, whose life was cut off most prematurely, when he was but forty years of age, and when he was entering upon a career of extended usefulness. In his younger years he was a fireman on the Pennsylvania Railroad, but he abandoned that hazardous occupation to accept the position of messenger and watchman in the Columbia National Bank, a position which he held for nine years to the day of his death in 1885. But he was not only a messenger and watchman. He rose to the position of director as well. He was also at the time of his death a director of the Columbia Gas Company, of which he was for a time secretary and treasurer. He possessed keen business ability and had already acquired a competence when overtaken by death. Charles H. Hinkle was born in West Hempfield township in 1845, the son of Henry and Sally (Mc- Gee) Hinkle, representatives of the oldest families of Lancaster county. His grandfather, Honnes Hinkle, was born near Lancaster in 1775. His father, Henry Hinkle, also a native of Lancaster county removed to May town in 1768, and remained 518 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY there until 1778. He was drafted into the Revolu- tionary war but ran away with several other drafted men and took refuge on Mundorff's Island, below Safe Harbor, where he was captured by a detach- ment of soldiers and brought to Lancaster. He was detailed to drive a team in the supply train of the Continental army, and participated in the battles of Trenton and Brandywine. He remained in the army until honorably discharged. Honnes Hinkle had the following children: Joseph, who became a farmer of York county; William, who settled in Donegal township, Lan- caster county ; John, who moved to Ohio ; Honnes ; Henry ; Isaac ; Patience, who was married to Joseph Mays ; Catherine, who married Henry Knights, a tanner and also for a time proprietor of the "Black Horse Hotel" in Columbia; Nancy, who married Jacob Attstatt, and Elizabeth, who married John Lockard. Honnes was a man of rugged pioneer type, honest and blunt in manner, and a general favorite among the early settlers. He married a Miss Kauffman. Henry Hinkle, son of Honnes, was born in West Hempfield township, near Columbia, in 1801. After the death of his father, which occurred about 1830, Henry and his brother Isaac took charge' of -the home farm, and continued joint tenants for more than thirty years, occupying the same residence and eating at the same table. Isaac's health failing, the property by mutual agreement was divided, and Isaac removed to Columbia, where he died a few years later. Henry also removed to Columbia in after life, and there he died Aug. 24, 1875. He had become a director of the Columbia National Bank, and left an estate of over $80,000, to be divided among his children. His wife, whose maiden name was Sally McGee, also died at Columbia. Their childten_ were as follows: Rebecca, who married Christian Hershey, and is now deceased; Isaac, a retired farmer of Wrightsville ; Joseph, who died in ad- vanced life, a retired farmer; William, who oper- ated the hotel at Wrightsville, and is now deceased ; David, proprietor of a hotel at Columbia; Charles H. ; John, deceased, and Catherine, wife of William Hardy, a blacksmith at Columbia, for the Pennsyl- vania Railroad. Charles H, Hinkle was reared on the farm. In 1867, in Columbia, he married Miss Amelia M. _U1- mer, daughter of Joseph and Mary Gertrude (Hine- land) Ulmer. Five children were born to Charles H. and Amelia Hinkle, namely : James B., of Columbia ; Lizzie C, wife of Edward Becker, a bookkeeper of Columbia; Lotta, deceased; Clara, deceased, and Mary, deceased. Mr. Hinkle, the husband and father, died in 1885 aged forty years. He was buried at Columbia. ' His widow, eight years later, married John Rodkey, of West Hempfield township, whose sketch appears elsewhere. Charles H. Hinkle was a member of Chiquesalunga Tribe, Red Men, and at the time of his death was secretary of the Columbia Gas Company. He was one of the promi- nent, progressive business men of Columbia, whose personal influence and efforts were ever directed tc> the upbuilding of the city's interests. MARTIN R. SHEAFFER. One of the pro- minent and eminently successful farmers of Upper Leacock township, is Martin R. Sheaffer, who also, has been extensively engaged in tobacco packing. The birth of Mr. Sheaffer occurred in Earl town- ship, July 25, 1843, ^nd he was a son of Philip and Leah (Rutter) Sheaffer, who were natives of Ear! and Leacock townships, respectively. The great- grandfather of Mr. Sheaffer of this record came from Germany and was one of the pioneers of the first settlement of Earl township, and bore the name of Martin Sheaffer, this being a family name. The paternal grandparents of Mr. Sheaffer of this- sketch were Martin and Mary (Miller) Sheaffer, the former of whom was born in 1770 and died at the age of forty-nine years, in 1821. He was a successful farmer and well-known and respected cit- izen of Earl township, and became the father of seven sons and five daughters. The maternal grandparents of Mr. Sheaffer were Henry andl Elizabeth (Royer) Rutter, farming people of Lan- caster county. Philip Sheaffer was born in December, 1803, and died on April 13, 1864, and was buried in the Groffdale cemetery. In his early life he carried on a distilling business, but later settled down to agricultural pursuits. The mother of Mr. Sheaffer of this sketch was born on Aug. 25, 1815, and is now an honored member of his household. Mar- tin R. was the only child of this marriage. Martin R. Sheaffer, who is the subject of this biography, attended the district schools during boy- hood and assisted his father on the homestead farm until he was twenty years old, then "beginning to farm on his own account and continuing thus en- gaged at the same place until 1876. At this date he retired from farming and moved into the village of Bareville, where he resided for five years. Then he returned to the farm for one year, but finally disposed of it and returned to town life and engaged in tobacco packing in Bareville, where he has since remained, one of the most substantial citizens. Mr. Sheaffer is a Republican in politics, and actively upholds the principles and candidates of his party.. For the past six years he has been a director in the New Holland Bank, one of the firmly established financial institutions of the county. The first marriage of Mr. Sheaffer was on Nov. 17, 1864, in Mechanicsburg, to Caroline Graybill, and the children of this marriage were: Graybill, who^ died May 5, 1866; Martin G., who is an attorney of Lancaster city, married Anna M. Leight, to whom have been born two children, Dorothy and Martha ; Cora, who married John W. Eshleman, of Ephrata, Pa., where he is engaged in the manufacture of cigars, and whose children number four, Fanny, Elsther, Caroline and Martin S. ; Caroline, who re- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 519 sides at home; Clayton R., who resides in Phila- delphia; Blanche E., deceased; and Walter, de- ceased. Mrs. Caroline (Graybill) Sheaffer was born in Earl township on March 6, 1846, and died on May 25, 1886, and her burial was at Groffdale, Pa. She was a daughter of Levi and Fanny (Kinport) Gray- bill, natives of Lancaster county, of Swiss ancestry. The second marriage of Mr. Sheaffer was on June 18, 1888, in Lancaster, to Lottie A. Myer, and the children born to this union were: Leah M., deceased; Amanda M., who died in infancy; and Rebecca, who lives at home. Mrs. Lottie A. (Myer) Sheaffer was born in Upper Leacock township Jan. 19, i860, daughter of Samuel R. and Amanda (Evans) Myer, the former of whom was for many years a prominent minister in the German Baptist Church. A sister of Mrs. Sheaffer is the well-known instructor, Miss Elizabeth Myer, of the Elizabethtown College. Mr. Sheaffer is a man for whom his neighbors have the highest respect ; his business ability is firmly established and his integrity unquestioned. ■ The family is an old and honorable one in Lancaster county. JACOB H. MECKLEY, who unites the busmess of a lumber merchant and a farmer in Bainbridge, was born in Conoy township, Oct. 2, 1840, Conoy not having then been set apart from Donegal township. Benjamin and Barbara (Haldeman) Meckley, his parents, were born in Mt. Joy and Rapho town- ships, respectively, and both died in Conoy town- ship. The father was a farmer, and operated a saw- mill from 1849 to 1880. He was a successful man, occupying a prominent place in the community, and serving as a school director for several years. For some ten years prior to his demise he lived retired, dying in 1892, at the age of seventy-six years. Mrs. Barbara Meckley died in 1859, at the age of forty-two years, and both were buried in Good's Meeting House Cemetery in West Donegal town- ship. Benjamin Meckley was a member of the Mennonite Church, and his wife of the United Brethren. They had the following children: Ja- cob H. ; Christ H., a cigar maker at Lock Haven, Pa. ; Anna H., wife of Benjamin Fink, a carpenter and contractor in Conoy township; Elizabeth, widow of Andrew' Shank, living in Bainbridge; Mrs. Barbara Meckley died in 1859, at the age of Abraham H., of Columbia, Pa., mentioned else- where; Benjamin H., who died young; Samuel H., who was married and died at the age of twenty-two years ; and Martin H., single and living in Mt. Joy township. The paternal grandparents of Jacob H. Meck- ley were Melchior and Elizabeth (Hoffer) Meck- ley, both natives of Lancaster county, and life-long residents of Mt. Joy township, where their lives were devoted to farming. Mr. Meckley's maternal grand- parents were Christian and Barbara (Swartz) Hal- deman, both also natives of Lancaster county, who passed their lives on a farm in Rapho township. Mr. Meckley is related to the Meckleys and Hoffers of Elizabethtown, sketches of whom are found in another place. Jacob H. Meckley was married in Conoy town- ship, Dec. 23, 1877, to Miss Anna Wilhelm, and to this union were born the following children: Franklin B., Mary W., EUzabeth W., Benjamin Harrison and Jacob W. Mrs. Meckley was born in Maytown, a daughter of Tohn and Elizabeth (Ney) Wilhelm, of Conoy township, where they both died, her father, a veteran of the War of the Rebellion, in 1866, and her mother in 1872, at the age of fiftv years. They were devoted members of the Lutheran Church, and were laid to rest in the cemetery at Bainbridge. Mr. -Meckley spent the first eighteen years of his life at home with his parents, and then became an apprentice at the carpenter trade in Manchester, Pa., where he spent two years. At the end of that time he came back to his native township, and fol- lowed his trade until September, 1862, when he en- listed in a regiment that was being raised by Col. Dickey, and went to Chambersburg and Green Castle, but was rejected as not meeting the physical requirements of the service. Coming home, he fol- lowed his trade until 1866, when he was put in charge of the Meckley sawmill, which he carried on until 1 87 1. From that time until 1888 he had charge of the Locust Grove steam sawmill in Conoy town- ship. At the end of this time he moved to Bain- bridge to start a lumber yard, and at the same time engaged in farming. Mr. Meckley is a hustling and energetic man, and has been quite successful in his various undertakings, accumulating a fair com- petence and winning a very enviable standing in the community. For the past sixteen years he has served as school director, and is a member of the Church of God. He belongs to the Senior O. U. A. M. In his politics he is a Republican. GEORGE M. MAURER. In thriftiness, in- dustry and all those sterling qualities essential to permanent success on the farm George M. Maurer takes prominent rank among the citizens of West Hempfield township, Lancaster county. He has for many years engaged in general farming and garden- ing on the well-improved and well tilled acres which his father purchased more than forty years ago. The father, George Maurer, was born June 9, 1817, in Niederlierbach, Hessen-Darmstadt, son of Frank and Mary (Kline) Maurer. There were three sons and one daughter, of whom George, the youngest, was the only one who ever came to Amer- ica, although all the others have descendants here. George started to earn his own living when a mere boy, and in 1830 we find him at Schloss Neuburg, near Heidelberg, an old castle which had been re- built, and was then occupied by Johann Friederich 520 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Schlosser, a renowned author and translator. Here the boy acted as valet to Father Heinrich Lemcke, the family priest, a man who had been first a soldier, fighting against Napoleon for five years, then was ordained as a Protestant minister and finally, in 1S26, was converted to the Catholic faith. In 1833 Bishop Kenrick, of Philadelphia, issued a circular letter to the Catholic priests of Germany, asking for help for the German Catholics scattered through western Pennsylvania. Father Lemcke decided to be one of the missionaries, and urged George to go with him, promising to do for him all that a father could, but friends persuaded the boy to refuse, a decision he regretted all his life. After losing this good friend George drifted from one employment to another among the Ger- man upper classes, at last becoming gardener to the Rev. Stapleton, a minister who had a small congre- gation of English at Heidelberg during the sum- mers. By this time his parents had died and George had married Anna M. Melbert. Becoming filled with democratic ideas and with the hope of earning better wages, he determined to go to America; in 1852, leaving his family in Germany, he came to this country and settled at Cordelia Furnace, in West Hempfield township, Lancaster county. Here he found employment, and his family joined him the next year. Almost his first act in America was to make inquiries for Father Lemcke. Now, the priest's meeting with Prince De Galliyin in the Alleghanies, his labors there and later in Arkansas, are matters of history, but then George Maurer found it im- possible to get a trace of him, and not until a year before his death did he hear of his old master. Then, in a Catholic almanac, he found a sketch of Father Lemcke's life and the notice of his death in Arkansas, a vear previously. Meantime, Maurer was prosper- ing ; in 1 861 he purchased a farm of twelve acres in West Hempfield township and there began in a modest way an agricultural career which continued uninterruptedly until his death, which occurred Oct. 22, 1885, at the age of sixty-eight years. George Maurer was a tall, strong man, over six feet in height and of proportionate build ; in all business papers he was designated as "George Maurer (big)," to distinguish him from others of his name, and among the Ger- man-speaking people about him he was usually known as "Der grosse Maurer." For his character, it is sufficient to say that his word was as good as his bond. His widow survived until 1890, passing away at the age of sixty-seven years. They were buried at Columbia, Pa.' Both were devout metn- bers of the German Catholic Church. Two chil- dren blessed their union, Barbara, who married John Geltz, and is now deceased, and George M. The latter was born in Hesse-Darmstadt, Ger- many, March 20, 1848, and was brought to America by his mother in 1853. He was reared in West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, and has ever since resided there, remaining with his father until the latter's death, in 1885. He then took charge of the little farm, which he has since conducted most profitably. He married, Nov. 17, 1870, in Columbia, Miss Mary Michael, who was born in Prussia, Ger- many, July 22, 1848, daughter of Mathias and Mar- garet (Michael) Michael. She emigrated to Amer- ica in 1859 with her parents, who settled in Mt. Joy township, Lancaster county. • The father enlisted in a Pennsylvania regiment and served in the army dur- ing the Civil war. Soon after his honorable dis- charge he removed to Missouri where he took up a homestead and remained until his death, which oc- curred in 1 87 1. He was a member of the Catholic church. To Mathias and Margaret Michael were born a family of four children, namely : Peter, who died in Missouri ; Catherine, wife of John Kline, a farmer of West Hempfield township ; Mary, wife of Mr. Maurer ; and Stephen, who resides in Missouri. To George M. and Mary Maurer have been born ten children, as follows : George, Step^hen and John, deceased; Mary, wife of George Sipp, of West Hempfield township ; Frank, a silk weaver, who married, Sept. 25, 1902, Mary, daughter of Samuel Steckler; Joseph, deceased; Elizabeth, Simon and William, at home; and Charles, deceased. Mr. Maurer and family are members of the Catholic Church. HENRY ZAHM RHOADS, who retired from the jewelry and art goods business some six years ago, only to engage more actively than ever in other pursuits, has an ancestry on both his father's and mother's side that goes back to the early days of L700. The first Rhoads of whom we have any account was Yohon Ludwig Roth (as the name was spelled in those davs) , who came to America from Bonfeld, Alsace, about 1728, and settled near the Trappe, in Montgomery county. Pa. Philip Roth, a son,^ ac- companied him. In 1800 John Rhoads, grandfa- ther of Henry Zahm, began writing the name as it is now written — Rhoads, instead of Roth. John Rhoads had three sons, William, Daniel and Jacob. All three became hatters, although their father was a tailor, learning their trade with John H. Fox, a hat manufacturer, who had married their sister. Daniel and Jacob came to Lancaster in 1831 and began the hat business. Daniel retiring from the business in 1852, and Jacob in 1856. After dis- continuing his trade Jacob Rhoads bought a large tract of land in the Eighth ward, and proceeded to develop that section, the commodious home which he built, and the fine orchard which he planted, be- ing still in the possession of Henry Z. Rhoads. Jacob Rhoads was married, in 1838, to Elizabeth, daugh- ter of Godfried Zahm, a well-known brusbmaker, prominent in the affairs of Lancaster. Five chil- dren blessed this union, two of whom are living, Henry Zahm and Emma, the latter the widow of BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 521 the late Henry Deitrich Groff. The Zahms came to America in 1730, from Herrnhut, Saxony, set- tling in Montgomery county, Maryland. Henry Zahm Rhoads was educated in the public schools of Lancaster, and, after leaving school, was engaged for a time at daguerreotyping, modern pho- tography not having been known at that time. After this he became an apprentice to the jewelry business ■with Zahm & Jackson, and later, to perfect him- self in watchmaking, served an apprenticeship with Theodore Wolf. He next went to Virginia, working as a journeyman jeweler and watchmaker until the war broke out, when he returned to Lancaster. On Oct. 12, 1 86 1, Mr. Rhoads began the jewelry busi- ness on the north side of West King street, in part- nership with C. J. Gillespie, and nine months later bought Mr. Gillespie's interest. His next venture was in 1868, when, in partnership with his brother, Charles, he bought the old "Lamb Hotel," on the south side of West King street, and in 1869, "H. Z. Rhoads & Bro. left the original stand on the ■opposite side of the street and removed to the old "Lamb Tavern" property, which they had converted into a modern store, and here Mr. Rhoads erected the first public clock (besides the courthouse clock) in the city. The property is now occupied by Metz- ger & Haughman, drv-goods merchants. After a time Mr. iQioads built the elegant and substantial structure, now known as Nos. 4 and 6 West King street, and there the second public clock was erected, the third being in Centre Square. Charles God- fried Rhoads, his brother, became a partner in the business in 1865, and remained as such until his •death, in 1882. Henry Z. Rhoads continued the business until 1896, when he retired, yet he did not retire from active pursuits, having since become interested in the business of the Lancaster Silver Plate Company, in partnership with Albert Rosen- .stein. He was also one of the promoters of the Conestoga Fire Insurance Company, of which he is the present secretary, and which began busi- ness in August, 1897; although organized as a -mutual company, it changed to a stock concern, and has already (1902) written over $2,000,000 of insurance. Mr. Rhoads has also been considerable ■of a builder, having erected twenty fine dwelling- houses in the Eighth ward, and owning the ground for many more. In the summer of 1901 he added to his building operations by erecting an elegant home for himself on South Prince street, the house being fashioned after a Parisian model. While in the jewelry and art business Mr. Rhoads visited Europe five times, bringing over such treasures in jewels and art goods as were never before (nor since) offered to Lancaster purchasers in the home market. Twice the Democrats of the Eighth ward have elected Mr. Rhoads a member of the board of school directors, and he proved as industrious and intelli- gent in the direction of school matters as he did in his own affairs. Mr. Rhoads was married, in young manhood, to Miss Anastasia McConomy, daughter of the late Peter McConomy, one of Lancaster's most promi- nent citizens, and who was for twenty-nine years treasurer of the Lancaster school board. Two chil- dren were born of this union: Rebecca, who was the wife of Dr. W. H. Lowell, but who entered into rest in 1893; and Godfried Zahm, connected with the Lancaster Silver Plate Company. SAMUEL MARTIN. One of the very pros- perous general farmers of Salisbury township, Lan- caster county, is Samuel Martin, who was born Jan. 29, 1855, on the homestead which is still his resi- dence. His parents Joseph and Magdelena (Ober- holtzer) Martin, were born in Salisbury and Cocal- ico townships, respectively. Joseph Martin engaged in farming in his native township until 1876, when he retired from active life, but he retained his home on the farm until the spring of 1892, when he moved to Bareville, where he passed the remainder of his life, dying Sept. 19, 1900, at the age of seventy-six years; his wife died in 1869, when she was forty years old. Both parents were devout members of the Mennonite Church, and the remains of the mother were interred in Hershey's cemetery, and those of the father in Groffdale. Their eleven children were born in the following order : Elizabeth, wife of John Keaner, a farmer of Strasburg; Magdalena, deceased wife of Elam Landis ; Anna, widow of Benjamin Brackbill; Samuel, whose name opens this biography; Abraham, deceased; one that died in infancy ; Joseph, Henry, Isaac and David, all de- ceased ; and another that died in infancy. Susanna, a step sister of these children, is also deceased. Samuel Martin has passed his entire life on this farm, which by inheritance is now his own, and which comprises loi acres. He has improved the place in many respects over its former conditions, and keeps it under a high state of cultivation, being familiar with all its details and capabilities, and be- ing himself thoroughly trained to agriculture. His success, however, is greatly due to his own industry and good management, and it is doubtful whether or no there is a farm of its size in the township more productive, or which presents to the eye of the passer- by a more pleasing ideal of rustic beauty, or agri- cultural thrift. On Nov. 19, 1876, Samuel Martin was united in marriage with Miss Amanda Landis, at New Hol- land, Lancaster county, and of whose genealogy something additional will be said. This union was blessed with sixteen children, namely: Mary, who is the wife of Martin Weaver, a farmer in Earl town- ship, and has three children ; Hettie, deceased ; Liz- zie, Abraham and Mettie, still at home; Lydia, de- ceased; Emma, at home; Landis, deceased; Aman- da, Anna, Samuel, Jr., and Katie, also at home; Amos, deceased ; Ella, deceased ; and Ada and Jo- seph, still under the parental roof. Mrs. Amanda (Landis) Martin was born in Lea- 522 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY cock township, Lancaster county, Sept. 22, 1855, a daughter of Levi and Mary (Buckwalter) Landis, the former of whom was a son of Christian and Mary (Landis) Landis, and the latter a daughter of Abraham and Esther (Hoover) Buckwalter, both families being prominent and greatly respected farm- ing people of Lancaster county, and residing in Eden and Upper Leacock townships, respectively. Levi Landis was called from earth IDec. 14, 1897, at the- age of seventy-one years. In religious belief he was a Mennonite, and was buried in Hershey's cemetery. His widow, who was born May 27, 1825, has her home on the same farm with her son-in-law, Mr. Martin. To Levi and Mary Landis were born six children, namely: Elam, a farmer in Earl town- ship; Hettie A., deceased wife of David Groff; Amanda, now Mrs. Samuel Martin; Emma, Anna M. and Lydia, at home. Samuel Martin is the owner of as fine a farm as there is in Salisbury township, and his skillful man- agement keeps it fully up to the standard. He has ever been industrious and thrifty, upright and pub- lic-spirited, and ready at all times to contribute his share toward the promotion of such public works as may result in the benefit of the neighborhood in which he lives. He is a member of the Mennonite Church. In politics he is a Republican, and is uni- versally honored as a citizen. SAMUEL L. CARPENTER. Prominently identified with the development and growth of Lan- caster county for a number of years, the name of Carpenter has become associated in the public mind with uprightness of character, and honest and ener- getic business methods. The original founder of this family was Henry Carpenter, who came from the Canton of Berne, Switzerland, and settled at Germantown, Pa., as early as 1698. In 1700, he re- turned to his native land, and there married Salome Ruffner, of the Canton of Zurich, and in 1706, with his wife and two small sons, Emanuel and Gabriel, four and two years of age, respectively, returned to Germantown. In 1717 he removed to Lancaster county, settling first in West Lampeter, but subse- quently in West Earl. His birth occurred in 1675, and his death between 1743 and 1748. The children born to the emigrant founder of the family were: Emanuel, born in 1702; Gabriel, born in 1704; Sa- lome ; Dr. Henry ; Christian ; Daniel ; Mary ; and Ja- cob. During the war of the Revolution, Emanuel Carpenter was a member of the Committee of Safety. Gabriel Carpenter married Apalina Herman, who was born in 1702, and died in 1767, and their children were: Christian, Salome, Jacob, Cath- erine, Susannah, Daniel, John, Mary and Elizabeth. Christian Carpenter was born in 1729, and died in 1800. He married Susan Herr, and their chil- dren were: Jacob, who became colonel of the 5th Battalion of the Lancaster county militia, during the Revolutionary war ; Joel ; Daniel ; Catherine ; Susan ; John : Christian ; Salome ; and Nancy. Joel Carpenter, the second son of Chris- tian and Susan (Herr) Carpenter, was born in 1758. He married Margaret Defenderfer and reared these children: Ephraim, Miles, Giles, Aaron, Allen, Charles, Bryan, Elizabeth, Susan, So- phia, Esther and Catherine. . Giles Carpenter, the third son of Joel and of the fifth generation in America, married Jane McClin- tick, and they had these children: Amanda, borii Oct. 27, 1832, married Solomon Weaver, but is de- ceased; Margaret, born June 20, 1834, married Philip Lash, and they now reside in Michigan;. James J., born Jan. 18, 1837, is deceased; Martha,, born Jan. 16, 1839, married Isaac Beard, and resides- in Illinois; Belinda, born Feb. 3, 1840, married Amos Sellers, and thev reside in Lancaster county ;. Alvin, born Aug. 21, 1841, married Ellen Fees, and they reside in Beavertown ; Arabella, born March 16, 1843, married ..A.dam Good, a resident of Farmers- ville, but she has passed away ; and Samuel L. is the subject of this biography. Samuel L. Carpenter was born Oct. i, 1844, and very early became accustomed to the duties pertain- ing to farm life, at the age of eight years being hired out to a neighboring farmer by the name of John Oberholtzer. His duties were such as a lad of his- age could perform, and he was paid $1.50 per month,, these conditions continuing until he was seventeert years old, the summers being filled with farm work,, and the winters with attendance at the district school. So well did Mr. Carpenter embrace every opportunity for acquiring an education, that before he was eighteen he was employed to teach in the pub- lic schools of West Earl township, continuing until he entered the Construction Corps of the United States army, where he remained for six months. As soon as he had become of age, he enlisted in the 21st P. V. C, and with the Army of the Potomac bravely did a soldier's duty; he participated in the cam- paigns before Richmond and Petersburg, and at the close of the war received an honorable discharge. Returning then to his home, Mr. Carpenter again took up his professional work during the winters,, following the carpenter trade in the summer time, but in 1872 he opened up a butchering business and pursued that until 1876, when he entered into his present line, that of hides and tallow. Possessing excellent business ability, Mr. Carpenter has dealt successfully in live stock for the past twenty years,, still continuing in this profitable line, with head- quarters at the "Leopard Hotel," in Lancaster. On Sept. 5, 1869, Mr. Carpenter was married to Miss Mary McCloud, a daughter of Reuben and Susannah (Shirker) McCloud, of West Earl town- ship, and one child was born of this union, Stella J., born March 8, 1871, who married Lemon Shirk, of West Cocalico township, and has one son, Samuel Carpenter, the idol of his grandfather, born Dec. 13, 1899. Mr. Carpenter has never taken any great inter- est in politics, but was appointed census enumerator. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 528 in 1870, and was re-appointed in 1880, but refused to- qualify. For a number of years he has been town- ship auditor and school director, and has always been interested in all matters pertaining to the ad- vancement of his section. Although he began life in indigent circumstances, Mr. Carpenter is not dis- posed to consider that any disadvantage to an indus- .trious, ambitious and energetic young man. As one of the wealthiest men of the township, he is in a posi- tion to speak with knowledge, and he attributes his universal success in all his undertakings, to his close and constant attention to business and the exercise of good judgment. The township has in many ways profited by his generosity, and he stands high in its esteem. Both Mr. Carpenter and wife are con- sistent members of the New Mennonite Church. CHRISTIAN B. STOLTZFUS is a descendant of a family long settled in America, his first ancestor in this country, Nicholas Stoltzfus, coming in 1766 from his native place, Zweibruecken, Germany, and settling near Reading, in Berks county. Pa. His wife had died in Germany, and he brought with him his four children, one son, Christian (then aged eighteen years), and three daughters. He took up his home on a farm near Reading, and devoted his life to its cultivation. Christian Stoltzfus first married a woman named Carver, by whom he had three children, John, Jacob and Christian, all of whom lived and died in the neighborhood, and were buried in the Moyer grave- yard, excepting the mother, whose remains were in- terred near Reading. Christian Stoltzfus married for his second wife the widow Lanz, whose maiden name was King; she had by her first husband two children, John and Samuel. To her marriage with Christian Stoltzfus were born: Abraham, David, Solomon, Catherine, Elizabeth, Anna, Barbara, Es- ther and Magdalina, all of whom were buried in the Mill Creek burying-ground. After his second mar- riage Christian Stoltzfus came into Lancaster coun- ty, and settled near Rissler's Mill, where he owned large tracts of land, and was a life-long farmer. He was one of the first Amish ministers to settle in that part of the State, becoming one of the bishops of that church, and lived to attain a great age. Christian Stoltzfus, noted above, was born in Berks county, and when but a young lad came with his parents into Lancaster county, where he lived all his days. He followed farming, and proved himself a most industrious and upright man, and was well known, especially in the Amish Church, of which he was a zealous and devout member. Mr. Stoltzfus married Anna Blank, by whom he had a family of three sons and six daughters, Samuel, Christian, John, Catherine, Rebecca, Anna, Barbara, Elizabeth and Susanna. Samuel Stoltzfus, the father of Christian B., whose name introduces this article, was born in 1812. and was a lifelong farmer, locating on a ninety- acre farm in Earl township, about a half mile north of New Holland, where he lived for many years. Later in life he bought another farm of eighty-five acres, half a mile west of the old place, where he spent the rest of his life, dying April 25, 1883. He was a devout member of the Amish Church. Mr. Stoltzfus married Miss Elizabeth Biler, a daughter of David Biler, whose home was near Rauck's Station, in East Lampeter township. She died in i860, at the age of forty-five years, six months, twenty-three days. They had the following children: Benjamin, a retired farmer, whose home is in Berks county; David, deceased; Anna, de- ceased, who married David Umble; Jacob, a farmer in East Earl township; Samuel, deceased; Christian B. ; Simeon, deceased ; and Susannah and Rebecca, both unmarried, who make their home with their brother Christian B., on the farm about a half mile north of New Holland. Christian B. Stoltzfus was born Dec. 24, 1843, and was reared on the farm where he was born, in ■Earl township, receiving his education in the com- mon schools. For the last thirty years he has been farming for himself, and now owns one of the fine farms of the county. It comprises seventy-five acres, on which he has erected a good farm residence, and also a commodious frame barn. Many other valu- able improvements have been effected by him., and every foot of ground indicates active and intense farming. Mr. Stoltzfus is a broad-minded and pro- gressive man, and is ever ready to lend a helping hand to anything that looks to the public good. He belongs to the Amish Church. AARON H. SHANK, a general farmer in West Donegal township, was born in the township in which he is living, June 7, 1844, and is a son of Mi- chael and Catherine (Heisey) Shank, both natives and lifelong residents of West Donegal township. The father was a farmer and veterinary surgeon of high standing. For many years he was school di- rector. He died Jan. 18, 1870, at the age of seventy- one years and the mother died in Feb., 1893, at the age of ninety-one years. Their remains are resting in a private burying ground on their old homestead. They were members of the Mennonite Church, and had the following children: Susan, who died in infancy; Mary and Henry, deceased; Catherine^ who died single, at the age of sixty years ; Elizabeth, deceased, who married Martin Winters; Anna, the wife of David H. Meyers, a farmer in West Donegal township; Jonathan, who died young; Rachel, who died unmarried, at the age of fifty-six years ; Jacob, a farmer in West Donegal township ; Aaron H., whose name appears above ; Samuel, who died at the age of thirty years, and John, who died young. Jacob Shank, the paternal grandfather of Aaron H., spent his life in Lancaster county. Henry and Susan (Berk) Heisey, the parents of Mrs. Catherine Shank, were natives of Lancaster county. Aaron Shank and Mary A. Barnhart were mar- ried Aug. II, 1867, in Elizabethtown, and became 524 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the parents of the following children : Samuel, who lives in Florin, Pa., married Sadie Shires, and is the father of three children, Lizzie (deceased), Mary and Ruth. Katie is the widow of Abraham G. Nisslev, and makes her home with her parents, ■bringing back with her two children, Paul (now dead) and Clarence ; Irvin and Phares, both at home. Mrs. Mary A. Shank was born in West Donegal township, and is a daughter of Samuel and Eliza-- iDeth ( Eshleman) Barnhart, both born in West Don- egal township. Her father, who was born Oct. 27, 1 82 1, retired from farming shortly after the death of Tiis wife, who died April 13, 1890, and was buried in Mt. Tunnel cemetery. They were both members of the Mennonite Church, and had the following chil- dren : Lizzie, who died in infancy ; Mrs. Maty A. Shank ; Lovina, who married Cyrus Schroll, a resi- dent of East Donegal township ; Uriah, deceased, and Louisa, who married William Geibe, and lives in Dauphin county, where he is engaged in farming. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Shank were John and Susan (Sherbone) Barnhart, both natives of Lancaster county. Her maternal grandparents were Michael and Polly (Hess) Eshleman, of Lan- caster county. Aaron H. Shank remained at home until he reached the age of twenty-one years, when he bought a farm in Mt. Joy township. On that place he made his home until 1896, when he came to his present location. His hard working habits and strict integ- rity, togethei with his genial disposition and kindly nature have won him the respect and confidence of the public to a marked degree. For two years he served as supervisor, and his judgment on public affairs is regarded as worthy of close attention. Mr. and Mrs. Shank are members of the Mennonite Church ; in politics, he is a Republican. WILLIAM H. WENTZ, one of the leading and representative citizens of Martic township, was born there March 16, 1844, son of William G. and Han- nah (Penny) Wentz, of Lancaster county. William G. Wentz, the father, was born in 1812, and died in 1871. He was a son of Joseph Wentz, •of German origin, who had these children: John, Isaac, William, David, Thomas, Joseph, Matilda, Sarah, Susan and Maria, all deceased except Thomas and Maria. William G. Wentz married Bannah M. Penny, in 1836, and they had a family of six children, three of whom grew to maturity, mamely: Mary M., the widow of Elias Aument, of Greene, Pa.; Isaac J., of Harrisburg; William, of this sketch. William G. Wentz was one of the lead- ing citizens of his township and very acceptably filled a number of the local offices. William H. Wentz of this sketch was reared to farming life, and attended the public schools. He lias always taken a great interest in agricultural mat- ters and is justly regarded as one of the best farmers •of this locality. In politics he is a sound Repub- lican. In 1900 he was made census enumerator, ful- filling his duties to the satisfaction of all concerned. For eighteen years he has served as school director, holding the office of secretary the whole time, and has been interested in all legislation looking to the advancement of education. On Sept. 12, 1872, Mr. Wentz was married to Miss Louisa A. Yost, born in 185 1, daughter of Charles K. Yost and sister of Dr. John F. Yost, of Bethesda, Pa. (An extended mention of the Yost family will be found in another part of this volume). To this marriage were born three children, namely : Walter G., who died in childhood; Charles Elvin, born Oct. 14, 1876, residing in Martic township, un- married, and Leila E., at home. Mr. Wentz and family belong to the Methodist Church in Bethesda, in which he is both trustee and steward. Fraternally he is connected with the Knights of Pythias at Rawlinsville, and the Knights of the Mystic Chain, at Mt. Nebo. He is known in his neighborhood for his integrity and upright- ness of character, and his personal qualities make him esteemed as a neighbor, friend, husband and father. PHILIP LEBZELTER. Among the promi- nent men of Lancaster who have materially assisted in its growth as an industrial center is Philip Leb- zelter, proprietor of the Eagle Wheel & Bending Works of that city, and who, although he has reached the age of seventy-three years, is still quite capable of taking active interest in the business which he founded in 1856. Mr. Lebzelter was born March 9, 1829, in Neu- lautern, Wurtemberg, Germany, son of John and Catherine (Roeser) Lebzelter, both of whom werQ natives of Germany, where their whole lives were spent. John Lebzelter was a man of prominence in his native community, and for twenty-four years was the burgomaster of the village. By trade he was a woodturner. His death occurred in 1864, at the age of eighty-four years, and that of his wife in 1854, at the age of fifty-eight years. Both were members of the Lutheran Church. Of their seven- teen children we have record of the following : Han- nah, who is the widow of Jacob Woerner, a farmer living near Tremont, 111. ; Christian, who died in Germany; Elizabeth, deceased, Mrs. Kline; Wil- helm, deceased, who was a skilled wood worker, and had a family of fourteen children; J. Philip, whose name opens this sketch; Philopena, who married Albert Hoch, deceased, a prominent man in his na- tive town in Germany; and Catherine, who married John Shlippf, a farmer in Germany. Philip Lebzelter served an apprenticeship with his father and thoroughly learned the business of woodturning. On June 22, 1S49, with his brother, Wilhelm, he left Antwerp, and after a voyage of thirty-eight days landed in New York. They went to relatives in Pennsylvania, but not finding work there nor in the German settlement in Lehigh and Berks counties, Philip walked to Reading, Pa. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 525 There he found employment on the Muhlenburg farm, at $4 per month, but his faithful services were recognized, and he was paid at the rate of $5 a month. Going from there to Reamstown, he was employed by John Killiam in his woodturning shop for a short time. In the meantime his brother Will- iam had been successful in the same line of work in Allegheny, Pa., and had written Philip to join him, which he did, working in the same shop where An- drew Carnegie was once the assistant engineer. This shop was owned by John Hay, and when he died it was bought by William Lebzelter, the price being $1,400. The business prospered during his life, and after William's death his widow attempted to carry it on, but owing to other duties she could not give it necessary attention, and to relieve her Philip Lebzelter bought it. He soon found that his business interests in Lancaster would suffer, and he was obliged to dispose of it. Mr. Lebzelter came to Lancaster, and first se- cured work in the woodturning shop of Bowers & Eshleman, where he continued for one and one- half years, and in 1854 began his present business, purchasing a lot on South Queen street, opposite the "Columbia Garden Hotel," and erecting a small shop. Prosperity smiled on him, and a year later he leased of James Potts the present site of the busi- ness house of Philip Lebzelter & Son. When his leased expired, at the end of three years, an- other firm secured the site, and Mr. Lebzelter re- turned to his South Queen street factory. In 1862 he purchased the present site, and has been there ever since. His business was started with limited means, and in a modest way, but its founder was a skilled worker as well as an excellent business man, and with each year of its existence, under his judicious management, it expanded, until now it is one of the leading industrial plants of the city. From a shop force of two men, in 1865, Mr. Leb- zelter gradually required more help, even with the introduction of much labor-saving machinery, and now thirtyeight men are employed, and the out- put of manufactured goods includes second-growth hickory bent rims, shafts, poles, spokes, wheels, bows, reaches, banded hubs, a specialty being made of fine-grade wheels. The plant is located at No. 241 North Queen street, Lancaster. It is worthy of note that the first labor-saving machinery used was of the founder's own invention. The strict busi- ness methods and upright manner of dealing with the public that have marked this business from the beginning, and have contributed to its rapid growth and development, are continued under the active management of William F. Lebzelter, the most efficient and capable son of Philip Lebzelter, who since 1901 has been the manager of the works. On April 2, 1854, in Lancaster, Mr. Lebzelter married Elizabeth Heleine, who was born in Lan- caster in 1834, daughter of Philip and Mary Heleine, both of whom were natives of Alsace, France. Mr. Heleine was a stocking weaver by trade, and carried on that business in Lancas- ter, and when he retired from activity he moved to Reading, where his last years were spent. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Lebzelter were : Katie, Frank and Emma all died young. William, born Nov. 11, 1866, is now the manager of his fa- ther's large plant; in 1890 he married, in Little Falls, N. J., Miss Emma V. Hoff, by whom he has two children, Florence B. and Marian K. Charles, born Jan. 12, 1869, was killed while coasting in Reading, Pa., and buried on his twelfth birthday. In politics Mr. Lebzelter is a stanch member of the Republican party, but with the exception of six years of service in the city council he has never ac- cepted oifice, although his peculiar fitness for posi- tions of trust and responsibility has long been recog- nized. Many very flattering offers have been made him, to induce him to connect himself with various financial institutions, but he has confined himself in a general way to his industrial plant and to real- estate transactions. He is a large property owner in various parts of the city of Lancaster, among his valuable holdings being the "Bridgeport Hotel," in East End Park, the "Schiller Hotel," in Lancas- ter, and the "American House," the latter being re- garded as one of the two leading hotels in the city, a miost desirable and remunerative property. From childhood Mr. Lebzelter has been a mem- ber of the Lutheran Church, and he is a liberal supporter of all its charitable and benevolent enter- prises. He is well and favorably known in the city. His English education was obtained by attending night sdiool, Hon. J. B. Livingston, then a young lawyer and now president judge, being his teacher. A thorough business man, an excellent financier, scrupulously honest at all times, ambitious and en- ergetic all his life, Mr. Lebzelter has accumulated large means through his own industry, and while so doing has won and retained the esteem of his fellow-citizens. JAMES W. FITLER, a well-known conductor on the Pennsylvania railroad, now residing in Co- lumbia, was born in Marietta, Lancaster Co., Pa., April 27, 1843, ^rid is a son of John K. and Rosina M. (Trainer) Fitler, the former a native of Fitler's Green (now NefTsville) , and the latter of Columbia, both in -Lancaster county. The family name was originally Fidler, but was changed by a school- teacher, named Rankin, two generations back. The grandfather of James W., Leonard Fidler, founded Fidler 's Green in 1807, a village in which he built two hotels. John K. Fitler was a carpenter, was a brewer for Scheide in Marietta and for thirty years was a boat- man ; he was a man of mark in Marietta, where he served as chief burgess and councilman and filled various other offices. There his wife expired June 17, 1876, when fifty-six years old and there his own demise took place, June 19, 1890, at the age of eighty; their remains were interred in St, Mary's 626 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY cemetery at Columbia. To the marriage of these parents were born the following named children: William, who died in infancy; James W. ; Anna, who also died in infancy; Mary J., who is married to J. H. Hagemer, a contractor in Marietta; John H., also living in retirement in the same town ; Ed- ward P., a molder, in York ; Frank B., a printer, in Philadelphia ; Susan and Thomas, deceased. Leonard Fidler, father of John K. Fitler, born on the old homestead of 360 acres in Rapho township, Lancaster county, was a butcher and carpenter. He married Barbara Kaufman, to which union were born : Nancy, who was married to John Kaufman ; Elizabeth, who died tmmarried ; Martha, married to Amos Kapp, and John K. The father of this family died in 1857 at the age of seventy-eight years and the mother in 1859, aged seventy-seven. Leonard Fidler, the father of the Leonard men- tioned above, was a native of Womelsdorf , Berks county, settled in Lancaster county, and followed farming until the end of life. The maternal grandparents of James W. Fitler, Patrick and Rosina (Trainer) Trainer, were re- spectively born in County Tyrone and County Done- gal, Ireland, came to America when children and were married in Wilmington, Del. Patrick Trainer was a contractor, and died in 1818, aged thirty-two years ; his wife died in 1857, when sixty-six years old. Their children were named Susan, who was married to Peter Baker ; Margaret, of Marietta, Pa. ; Rosina M. ; Ann, of Philadelphia, and Edward, de- ceased. James W. Fitler began canal-boating at Mari- etta when but twelve years old and followed the call- ing until 1869 ; he next clerked for the Philadelphia and Erie Railroad Company three years ; was next a brakeman for three months, then a flagman for nine months, and in 1872 came to Columbia ; here he worked as a brakeman two weeks, as a flagman eighteen months, and was then promoted to his pres- ent position of conductor. November 20, 1873, Mr. Fitler married Miss Mary A. Peoples, at Lancaster, and to this union have been born six children, viz : Marguerite, Rose M., James (killed by the electric cars in 1893), Mary R., Bernardine and Isabella. Mrs. Mary A. (Peo- ples) Fitler was born in County Donegal, Ireland, March 22, 1848, and is a daughter of James and Ce- celia (Kennedy) Peoples, who came to America in 1848 and settled in Lancaster, Pa. James Peoples was a blacksmith and horseshoer, rose to prominence in I,ancaster, was for many years a member of the select council, and died Dec. 9, 1880, at the age of sixty-five years ; his wife died April 19, 1866, when but thirty-nine years old, the remains of both being interred in St. Mary's (Catholic) cemetery in Lan- caster. To James and Cecelia Peoples were born the following children : Mary A. (Mrs. Fitler) ; Mar- garet C, deceased; James F., a machinist at Alle- gheny City, Pa. ; Hugh, deceased ; John H., a prin- ter in Reading, Pa. ; William, a plumber of Newark, N. J., deceased ; Stephan, a farmer and blacksmith in Chester county. Pa. ; Charles, who died in Denver, Colo., in 1894, and Katie, who died young. The pa- ternal grandfather of this family was a native of Scotland, whence he migrated to Ireland. James W. Fitler is a sincere Catholic and a lib- eral contributor to the support of his church ; in pol- itics he is a sound Democrat. JACOB S. MUMMA. Prominently identified with the growth and development of the industrial and farming interests of East Donegal township, which has been his home all his life, is Jacob S. Mumma, one of the most substantial citizens of this locality. Mr. ]\Iumma was born on his present farm, March 14, 1846, a son of Jonas and Catherine (Sherk) Mumma, the former a native of East Don- egal, and the latter of Chestnut Hill, West Hemp- field township, but both died on the farm now oc- cupied by Jacob S. The father lived to the age of eighty-two, dying May 2, 1882, and the mother reached the same age, her death occurring Feb. 2, 1892, and both parents were buried in the Kraybill cemetery, in this township. They were most worthy members of the Mennonite Church, and had a family of three children : Jacob S. ; Jonas, who married Ellen R. Nissley, died at the age of twenty-eight; and Catherine died young. The paternal great-grandfather was Frederick Mumma, who was born in Switzerland and was a pioneer in Lancaster county. The grandfather was Jacob Mumma, who married Anna Kraybill, both of whom died on this farm, which has been in the possession of the family so many years. The mater- nal grandfather was Christian Sherk, which name was originally written, Sherrick. Jacob S. Mumma has resided on this fine farm all his life, and every association of youth is con- nected in some way with these broad acres. Gen- eral farming and some stockraising has been suc- cessfully pursued, and since 1890, a very profitable dairy business has also been operated here. This estate comprises 207 acres of some of the most fer- tile land in Lancaster county. Although an intelli- gent and progressive agriculturist finds a sufficient amount of labor connected with farming on an ex- tensive scale, the drudgery and isolation which was, in times past, a necessary part of the life of a hus- bandman, have been changed, as the country has de- veloped and machinery has been made to save time and labor, and now there is no more ideal life than that of the prosperous farmer. Mr. Mumma has taken advantage of modern methods and his farm is a very valuable, well-cultivated and desirable piece of property. Jacob S. Mumma was married in Elizabethtown, Oct. 21, 1866, to Rebecca Nissley, and the children born of this union were : Anna, who married Harry S. Rich, cashier of the First National Bank, of Mari- etta, Pa., and died Oct. 24, 1901 ; Christian, who con- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 527 ducts a meat business in Mt. Joy; Katharine, who married George U. Best, of Lancaster; Minerva, who is a nurse in the University Hospital, in Phila- delphia; Jacob N., a steam fitter, in Philadelphia; Elizabeth, at home ; Helen, who died in infancy ; John M. and Harry J., at home. Rebecca (Nissley) Mumma was born in Mount Joy township Nov. 30,. 1848, daughter of Hon. Jacob and Elizabeth (Kraybill) Nissley, the former of whom died in Mount Joy township March 8, 1861, at the age of fifty-four. Until 1846, he lived the life of a farmer, but at that time was elected to the Legis- lature, and during the remainder of his life was occupied in the settling of estates, etc. The mother of Mrs. Mumma died in 1893, at the age of eighty- one, and was laid away in the Kraybill cemetery. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Nissley were : Jacob K., a retired farmer of Florin, Pa. ; Martha, who married Elias Eby, a retired farmer of East Donegal township ; Barbara, who married Jonas Hostetter, of Florin, Pa. ; Catherine, who married Michael H. Engle, a merchant of Elizabethtown ; Elizabeth, who married David Rutt, a retired farmer of Sterling, 111. ; Anna E., who married Jacob E. Good, of West Donegal township ; Rebecca ; and Simon K., who conducts a restaurant in Lancaster. For the past ten years, Mr. Mumma has testi- fied to his interest in the public schools, by acting as school director, and he has been very earnest in the discharge of his duties. Socially he is connected with the Masonic order, being a member of the Blue Lodge, and in politics, he is an active Republican. Mrs. Mumma is highly valued in the Mennonite Church, where she has long been recognized as a con- sistent member. The family is one of the leading ones in the township, and enjoys the esteem of all in this locality. BENJAMIN K. DENLINGER. The Denlinger homestead is a well-known farm in East Lampeter township, and its present owner and occupant, Ben- jamin K. Denlinger, is a worthy representative of an honorable family, which for many years has given to Lancaster county some of its best citizens. Benjamin K. Denlinger was born on this farm, located but three miles east of the flourishing city of Lancaster, Jan. 20, 1846, a son of Benjamin and An- nie (Kreider) Denlinger. Grandfather Abraham Denlinger inherited, by title, from his father, sev- enty-two acres of the fertile soil of East Lampeter township, and the title has since been handed down by will. The birth of Abraham Denlinger reaches back to July 21, 1785, his life covering the interven- ing years until March 6, 1836. He married Annie Landis, and their children were: (i) Martin, bom on April 30, 18 T2, who married Barbara Johns, and died Feb. 5, 1879, the father of three children; a daughter who married Rev. John Landis, a minister of the Mennonite Church ; Abraham, who died April 25, 1850, aged sixteen years, three months and twenty-seven days; and Martin, Jr., who married Anna Grofl', and died at the age of thirty-nine years, ten months and one day, leaving his widow with ten children, the youngest six weeks old. These children were : Emma, who married Samuel Herr ; Barbara, who married John Denlinger; Lizzie, un- married; Anna, wife of John Zimmerman; Elam, who married a Miss Burkholder; David, a teacher for a number of years; Martin; Salinda, wife of Jason Ranck ; Abraham, a teacher ; and Ida, wife of Reuben Buchwaiter. One child, Mary, who died aged seven years, nine months and twenty-six days, preceded the father to the grave. (2) Benjamin, born Aug. 6, 1814, died Aug. 27, 1888. (3) Mary, born Nov. 26, 1808, became the wife of John Kreider, and died June 14, 1863. (4) Barbara, born Feb. 4, 1824, became the wife of Daniel Kreider, and died Sept. 8, 1844, aged nineteen years, seven months and three days. (5) Elizabeth, a twin sister to Mary, married Tobias Leaman, and died at the age of seventy-seven years, four months and twenty-six days. The homestead was the abiding place of Ben- jamin Denlinger and wife, all their lives, and here they reared a large family of children, teaching them good principles and giving them wise. Christian counsel, and surrounding them with pious influences. These children were : Martin and John, both of • whom are mutes ; Abraham, who first married Annie Buchwaiter, a daughter of Rev. David Buchwaiter, and second, Hettie Landis, a daughter of Benjamin Landis; Annie, deceased, married David L. Buch- waiter, a son of Deacon Michael Buchwaiter; Ben- jamin K., of this sketch; Tobias K., who married Martha Brubaker, a daughter of Deacon John Bru- baker; Daniel K., who married Hettie Hershey, a daughter of Jacob S. Hershey ; Esther K., who mar- ried John Musser ; Mary K. and Elizabeth K., twins, the former of whom is the widow of Henry E. Metz- ler, a son of Abram Metzler, and the latter, the wife of Christian M. Brackbill, a minister in the Mennon- ite Church ; Barbara K., who married John H. Mel- linger, a son of Jacob Mellinger ; Lydia K., a mute, who married 6aniel Rohrer, also a mute ; Catherine K., a mute, who married Henry Kulp, also a mute. Benjamin K. Denlinger received but few educa- tional advantages. His entire life has been devoted to farming, in which he has taken much enjoyment, and under his ownership the old homestead improves every year. The location of this farm is most de- sirable, the old Philadelphia pike road running through the land. Until 1893 the family resided in the old house, but in that year, Mr. Denlinger erected his present most comfortable brick residence, and one year later completed the barn and other buildings needed in the management of a large estate. Not only is Mr. Denlinger a superior farmer, but he is also a floriculturist, and has built two commodious greenhouses, 21x60 and 23x100 feet, fitted with all conveniences, where he gives much time and atten- tion to flowers of all kinds, succeeding well in their culture. 528 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY In 1868 Mr. Denlinger was united in marriage to Maria Wenger, a daughter of Joseph Wenger, the death of the latter occurring when his daughter was but fifteen years of age. Five years later, Mrs. Den- linger was bereft of her mother, also. To Mr. and Mrs. Denlinger were born: Annie; Benjamin W., who married Lydia Lefever, a daughter of Daniel Lefever, and operates his father's farm; Mary W., who died at the age of four years, six months and twenty-four days; Abraham W., who married Ber- tha Mary Leaman, a daughter of Amos Leaman; John W., who was always an invalid, and who died at the age of seventeen years, six months and twenty-four davs ; Harry W. ; Martin W. ; Joseph W.; and Katie 'W. Mr. and Mrs. Denlinger are leading members of the Old Mennonite Church, in which faith they have carefully reared their family. Mr. Denlinger has been a generous contributor, and when the Mel- linger Church was built was an active member of the building committee. His interest in its progress and extension of influence is great, and he has the cha.rge of the grounds and cemetery. The family is one which enjoys the respect of the community, and all are known as most estimable, upright peopie. I MISS PAULINE LAMPARTER, daughter of the late Everhardt Lamparter, and sister of Mrs. Eugene Bauer (both of whom are fully mentioned elsewhere), makes her home with her brother, Everhardt, the well known glue manufacturer of Rockland street. Miss Lamparter, though keeping house for her brother, is the owner of a very fine home in the Third ward of Lancaster. She was edu- cated in the schools of Paradise township and Lan- caster city, and is a lady of more than ordinary in- telligence and of most kindly nature. She is a member of Trinity Lutheran Church, and is never so happy as when she is brightening the lives of those less fortunate than herself. JOHN H. WEAVER. The family of Mr. Weaver, who is widely known and universally es- teemed as one of the most successful farmers in East Lampeter township, has achieved no little dis- tinction in both church and secular affairs. For three generations its members have borne the repu- tation of skillful agriculturists, good citizens and devout members of the Reformed Mennonite Church, to whose ministry they have contributed two preachers of note. John H. Weaver is a grandson of John, who was the father of three sons and one daughter, all deceased. The daughter, Nancy, married Conrad Sitzman. The sons were named John, David and Henry. John and Henry belonged to the clergy of the Reformed Mennonite denomination. Henry, the father of John H. Weaver, was a farmer, as had been his father. He was noted for his earnest Christian character, his piety having that vitality which actuated and controlled all his dealings with his fellow men. He married Anna Howry, who bore him four children. He passed away in Sep- tember, 1898, and sleeps in the quiet grave yard which lies near the old Longenecker meeting house. John H. was the eldest child; the others were Henry, Anna and Levi, the last named a Men- nonite minister, who married Ella Fraley, and lives in Strasburg township. John H. Weaver was born Oct. i, 1842. He in- herits from his ancestors a love for the soil and from them has also descended to him an earnest faith, which is attested by his work. His life has been the quiet, uneventful one of a prosperous farmer, void of any ambition other than to per- form well each duty of life as it presented itself to his mind and hand. His marriage to Frances, daughter of Martin Weaver, which occurred in 1872, has been blessed b}' the birth of three chil- dren, Elmer, Charles and Cora. Elmer Weaver, the eldest son, is one of the most extensive and successful horticulturists in Lancaster county. His greenhouses with the con- tiguous land, where are situated the other appurte- nances of his plant, cover 33,508 square feet, and the amount of glass used in covering them exceeds 37,000 square feet. His chief markets are Phila- delphia and Pittsburg, to both of which points he is a large shipper. His specialty is carnations, al- though he also sends to market large quantities of violets, mignonette, smilax, asters and sweet peas. On May 3, 1899, he was married to Miss Alice Kohr, a daughter of Jacob Kohr, of Manheim town- ship. In that same year he built, from plans con- ceived and drawn by himself, a handsome residence, replete with all the conveniences known to city homes, and there he now lives. SAMUEL NISSLY. Prominently identified with the financial interests of Lancaster county is Samuel Nissly, president of the Lincoln National Bank, at Lincoln, Pa., and also a director and stock- holder in the Lancaster Bank, and the Lititz Na- tional Bank, at I^ititz, Pa. For more than sixty years he has been before the public and stands as a worthy example of uprightness of life and careful and con- scientious work. Samuel Nissly comes of Swiss stock, the first emigrant of the name coming to the State of Vir- ginia about 1720, and from there came Grandfather Martin Nissly, who located in Lancaster county. Martin Nissly was born in 1759, and died in 1842, leaving two children: Henry and Catherine. Henry Nissly married Catherine Martin about 1805, and reared a family of nine children: Peter, Martin, Henry, Samuel, John, Isaac, Elizabeth, Catherine and Annie, the three daughters living on the old home place in Clay township, while the brothers all, except Samuel, have passed away. Samuel Nissly was born May 29, 1815, and like many another who has come to the front in other walks of life, he was reared on a farm, although his SAMUEL NISSLY BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF, LAN'CASTER tOUNTY 529^ iinclinatioins did not miduce him to select an aigricul- tural life as a pipofession. At BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 531 ABRAHAM BACHMAN, one of the pro- gressive and public-spirited men of Lancaster coun- ty, belongs to one of the solid, respected and sub- stantial families who for many years have taken part in the affairs of this part of the great Common- wealth of Penns}lvania. Abraham Bachman was born Aug. 13, 1843, ^ son of John and Anna (Herr) Bachman, in Pequea township, where he was reared and educated. His father was a competent cabinet-maker, and owned an establishment, and while but a lad Abraham took an interest in this trade and began working in wood also, later learning the trade of carpenter under the supervision of his brother, Benjamin H. Bachman. For many years he followed journey work, begin- ning contracting on his own account in 1875, since which time he has been busily engaged and is con- sidered one of the most satisfactory • workmen in his line in Lancaster county. Many of the best built residences and barns in this locality are the work of his skilled hands. Abraham Bachman married Catherine Houser, a daughter of John Houser, of West Lampeter township, and five children have been born to this union: Jacob F., who is a farmer of West Lam- peter township: Henry H., a mechanic in the em- ploy of William Wohlsen, in his sash and door works, in Lancaster; A. Morris, a blacksmith of West Lampeter township; John W., a cabinet- maker and carpenter, associated with his father in business; and Lydia Ann, the wife of Moses R. Landis, of East Lampeter township. The father and sons are all Republicans, and are among the best citizens of the township, well repre- senting the business interests of that part of Lan- caster county. GEORGE M. DELP, one of the representative men of Manheim township, was born in Lower Lea- cock township, I-ancaster county, Oct. 3, 1843, ^"d is a son of John and Anna (Meixell) Delp. John Delp was born in Montgomery county, Pa., and when a young man came to Lancaster county, where he met and married Miss Anna Meix- ell, who was a native of Lancaster county, and a daughter of John Meixell, of Leacock township. After their marriage, the young couple spent several years in Montgomery county. Pa., and about 1840 returned to Lancaster county. Here John Delp died, about 1856, when he was fifty-five years of age. In his politics he was an ardent Abolitionist, and was the son of parents who were members of the New Mennonite Church. His widow with her two youngest sons went West to make her home near Sterling, 111. She passed away at the age of seventy-eight years, having been the mother of twelve children : Jacob, who resides in Kansas, and is a veteran of the War of the Rebellion ; Catherine, who married Henry Roland, of Manheim township, and is dead ; Elizabeth, late wife of Henry Butt, of Lancaster; Mary, the widow of Henry Faltz, of Lancaster county ; Michael, a veteran of the war of the Rebellion and now a farmer in Kansas ; John, who lives in Whiteside county. 111. ; Francis, who served in the Union army, and is a resident of Lan- caster ; George M. ; David, who served in the Union army, and is a farmer and stock raiser in Wyoming ; Samuel, who died at the age of two years; Samuel (2), a soldier in the war of the Rebellion, and now a farmer in Whiteside county ; Isaac, a mechanic and a stone mason in Kansas. George M.- Delp was reared to a farm life, and was compelled by the death of his father to care for himself at the early age of thirteen years. For sev- eral years he found employment among the neigh- boring farmers, working by the month until he was about eighteen years old. He attended school dur- ing the winter's season, and worked during the sum- mer. It was a hard struggle but it fitted him for the activities of life before him, and was a large factor in his success. Mr. Delp enlisted in Co. E, 79th P. V. I., Sept. 20, 1861, when he was less than eighteen years, and was mustered out March 4, 1865. Among the battles in which he bore a gallant part were those at Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga, and at White Point, where he was taken prisoner; he was immured at Richmond, Danville and Ander- sonville, where he was confined eleven months, and then taken from there to Florence, S. C, and to Goldsborough, N. C, where he was rescued by the Union troops. On the first day at Chickamauga he was slightly wounded, but he has never recovered from the effects of his prison life. After he was mustered out, Mr. Delp returned home and for two or three years was engaged in the butcher business at Neffsville. After this for some two years he worked out by the month. When Mr. Delp married, he settled on a farm, and for some two years lived on a rented place. Later he purchased a farm of twelve acres about a mile southwest of Neffsville, and this has been his home to the present time. His acreage has been in- creased by subsequent purchases of twelve acres in one tract and sixteen in another, and he proved him- self a hard-working and successful farmer. He built the home in which he lives and the farm build- ings have all been newly built by him. By his indus- try and thrift he has accumulated considerable prop- erty, and is well regarded by his fellow townsmen, who have elected him supervisor of Manheim town- ship. Mr. Delp was married in 1868 to Miss Maria Shriner, a daughter of Jacob and Sarah Shriner, of Manheim township. To them came a family of seven children, all of whom are living: Ida, the wife of Benjamin Hertler, of Mechanicsville, Lan- caster county ; John, at home ; Ulysses, who married Ellen Huber and resides in Warwick township ; Sadie, the wife of Meno Hess, of Manheim town- ship ; Laura, Ellen and Mahlon, at home. Mrs. Delp died in April, 1889. Mr. Delp belongs 582 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY to the Old Mennonite Church, is a man of much character, and stands well in the community where he has passed so many industrious and useful years. HENRY M. MAYER, a resident of Rohrers- town who needs no introduction to the citizens of his section of Lancaster county, was born March 23, 1844, in Manheim township, on the farm now owned by the John Keller estate, near the city of Lancaster. He comes of old Pennsylvania stock, being of the sixth generation in descent from John Mayer, who came hither from Switzerland in the seventeenth century, and settled in Manheim town- ship, taking up a large estate purchased from the Penns. Martin R. Mayer, father of Henry M., was born in April, 1798, in Manheim township, near Lan- caster City. He was the owner of some 540 acres, including the Keller farm before mentioned. For over thirty years he served in the ministry of the Old Mennonite Church. Henry M. Mayer was reared in his native town- ship, and received the greater part of his educa- tion in its common schools. He attended the Lititz Academy for two years, i860 and 1861. Taking up the vocation to which he had been trained from boyhood, he worked on the farms of his father and brother until his marriage. In the spring of 1868 he commenced farming on his own account; in East Hempfield township, where he resided for seven- teen years, successfully engaged in agricultural pur- suits, and acquiring a high reputation as one of the most intelligent, up-to-date farmers of that region. Diligence in the improvement of the land, the crops, the manner of cultivation, in everything, in fact, pertaining to the proper and profitable conduct of a farm, was rewarded with the most encouraging results. But Mr. Mayer in this, as in all other work he has undertaken, merely followed the nat- ural bent of his character for thoroughness, perse- verance and painstaking industry, and his place was as nearly a model farm as unceasing labor and judi- ciously expended means could make it. In 1885 he moved to Rohrerstown, in East Hempfield town- ship, in order to give more attention to his survey- ing and conveyancing interests, which were becom- ing extensive, and there he has ever since resided, prominently identified with the town and its affairs. Mr. Mayer is holding important trusts in settling up and managing large estates, and he has by his fidelity and sterling integrity in the conduct of such business won the hearty respect of all with whom he has been associated. Mr. Mayer was the first vice-president of a national bank ever elected in Lancaster county and was one of the officers of the Fulton National Bank of Lancaster when it was first organized. In In 1880 he was elected a trustee of the State Normal School at Millersville, which position he still holds, and since 1883 he has been chairman of the Committee of Instruction and Discipline of that in- stitution. The affairs of his town have also received his attention, his services as member of the board of school directors in East Hempfield township cov- ering the period from 1872 to 1884, during eleven years of which he was the efficient secretary of the board. All in all, Mr. Mayer has led a life alike of value to the community and creditable to himself, for although he had the advantage of worthy an- cestry to give him standing in the world, he has lived fully up to the standard, and the universal esteem which he enjoys is the best evidence of what he has acccomplished on his own merits alone. In 1878 he joined the Church of God at Rohrerstown, and the same year was elected one of the elders of the church, still serving in that capacity. In November, 1867, Mr. Mayer was united in marriage with Frances M. Hershey, eldest daugh- ter of J. Hoffman and Barbara Hershey, of West Hempfield township. Two daughters blessed this union, Dora E. and Mamie B., of whom Mamie died in her eighth year. Dora is the wife of Harry E. Hershey, treasurer of the Steinman Hardware Company, to whom she was married in February, 1900. JOHN WITMER HESS, M. D. (deceased). Few physicians of Lancaster ever left behind them a more lasting memory than Dr. John Witmer Hess, who passed out of life Nov. 13, 1895, after a pro- fessional career marked with unusual success and followed with a faithfulness which precluded active interest in every other line of endeavor. Dr. Hess was, first, last and all the time, the physician, care- ful, patient, watchful and skillful. The Doctor was born March 7, 1840, in Eden township, Lancaster county, and although only fifty- five years of life were granted him he accomplished more in alleviating pain and advancing his beloved science than have many whose life span extended much farther. He was a son of Daniel and Barbara (Witmer) Hess, the former of whom was a farmer and also a hotel-keeper for many years on the Co- lumbia pike, four miles west of Lancaster. The fol- lowing children were born to Daniel Hess and his wife : Dr. John W. ; Martin, a soldier during the Civil war, who has retired to the Soldiers' Home; Witmer J., a farmer at Mountville, Pa. ; Edward, a farmer in Kansas; Catherine and Emma, deceased; Elizabeth, widow of John S. Hoover, of Mountville ; Alice, who married George Trout, a farmer of Landisville; Ellen, who married Harry Detrich, of Manor township ; and Zena, deceased, who married Alfred Coble, of South Bend, Ind. The Hess family is of Swiss extraction and more extended mention of its members will be found elsewhere. Dr. Hess received the educational advantages af- forded by the district schools, and later graduated from the Millersville Normal School, where he was regarded as an unusually bright and ambitious stu- dent. Soon after he entered upon his medical read- ing, with Dr. Alexander Cassidy, of Millersville, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 533 and then entered Jefferson Medical College, in Phil- adelphia, graduating from that institution in 1864, and immediately commencing practice with Dr. Cas- iidy, his old preceptor. Dr. Hess married, and then .started upon his own career, remaining in Millers- ville until November, 1876, when he removed to Lancaster. Almost immediately he entered upon a large and engrossing practice, and, as stated, so faithfully did he attend to its demands that he re- fused all political or other office, although he sympa- thized strongly with the Republican party. He passed away in November, 1895, and was buried in Woodward Hill cemetery. In 1873 he joined Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M. ; and' he also belonged to Chapter No. 43 R. A. M. ; Council No. 19 ; Commandery No. 13, K. T. ; The Lodge of Perfection ; and the Knights -of Pythias. In 1864 Dr. Hess was united in marriage to Miss Sarah A. Baer, born in Hempfield township, daugh- ter of Martin H. and Mary (Baer) Baer, the former ■of whom was a farmer. Mr. Baer died in 1837, at the age of thirty-five years, a member of the Men- iionite Church, and was buried in the Mennonite cemetery in Millersville. Mrs. Baer married (sec- ond) Jacob Bausman, more extended mention of whom will be found elsewhere. Mrs. Hess is kind and liberal, and with other members of the family recalls Dr. Hess and his work with pardonable pride, justly considering him one of the representative men ■of Lancaster. Her pleasant home is in the city, where she is surrounded by many attached friends. She belongs to the Reformed Church. Her family also has long been a prominent one in Lancaster •county. EDWIN M. GILBERT, a leading member of the Lancaster County Bar, is a descendant of John and Florence Gilbert, who came to the American .chores frOra Cornwall, England (where they be- longed to an old and honored family), in company ■with William Penn in 1682. They settled in By- Tjerry, on a land grant from the Penns, this ancient •estate being still in the hands of their descendants. These early Gilberts were farmers by occupation, and Quakers in religion. The family came to Lan- caster countv in the early part of the nineteenth •century and 'settled near Bird-in-Hand. When the 'Gilbert family removed from Bucks county they settled at Gilberton, in Carbon county, to which they gave their family name, and after living there six months 'they were captured in 1781 by the In- the north by the lands of Christian Pellman and Henry Parr (now A. B. Kready, Henry Witmer and; BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 345 the turnpike aforesaid) ; on the east by the land of Andreas Coffman (now Susan C. Kready) ; on the south by vacant land (now John F. Charles) ; and on the west by vacant land and the land of Christian Pellman (now John F. Charles and A. B. Kready, respectively) . With the exception of a strip of mead- ow along said stream, the tract was thickly covered with timber. He built a small log cabin close to a large spring, near the central part of the tract, and worked hard to fell timber, make improvements and a scanty living until 1728, when he died, leaving the widow and three children to support themselves as best they could, for he had not yet obtained a title to the property, nor paid anything on it. In 1724 the names of John Witmer, Benjamin Witmer and Ben- jamin Witmer, Jr., were the only Witmer names then on the assessment list of all the territory now em- braced within the bounds of Lancaster county, then known as Conestogoe, and as a part of Chester coun- ty, then extending westward and northwestward an indefinite distance beyond the Susquehanna river. The future town site of Lancaster was at that time still covered with timber, with the exception of a swamp in the southern part, and another in the north- eastern part, and a portion thereof was still vacant land. About this time one Greorge Gibson erected a tavern near a large hickory tree, a short distance east of the present Centre Square, alongside of the great highway leading from Philadelphia to Wright's Ferry (now Columbia), and which became known as the "Hickory Tavern" at Gibson's pasture. On Feb. 26, 1729. tlie first survey of a portion of the bound- ary of the present town site was made, but was not completed until sometime during 1730, at which time the locality was still known by the same name, al- though it had then attained to a small hamlet of about two hundred souls. The inventory of the estate of John Witmer, ap- praised Dec. 17, 1728, is on file in the register's office, at West Chester, and contains Only the follow- ing five items : The improvements of 200 acres of land, £34, los. ; a parcel of horses, mares and colts, £51 ; a cow, calves and sheep, £17, 15s. ; all the house- hold goods and gears, etc., for the plantation, £ig, ys. ; a parcel of books, 5s. ; total amount, £122, 17s. The administrator, Christian Vitty, after settling up the estate, married the widow, but died within a few years ; and, as the records show, the widow then made application, and on June 4, 1735, obtained a warrant of survey in her own name as the widow of Christian Vitty, deceased. The land was surveyed, the survey returned, approved and confirmed; and during the latter part of the same year John Penn, Richard Penn and Thomas Penn, as absolute propri- etors and governors in chief of the province of Penn- sylvania, and the counties of Newcastle, Kent and Sussex, in Delaware, executed to her a Patent Deed for ttie said tract, graciously sjaecifying and granting to her therein, among, other things, the privilege to hunt, hawk, fish and fowl, on said premises, at all times. The consideration money therein mentioned 35 is £20 to them in hand paid, and the premises sub- ject to a yearly quit rent of one silver English shil- ling for every , hundred acres, to be paid annually thereafter, on the first day of March, at the town of Lancaster. Three full and clear fifth parts of all Royal Mines, free from all deductions and reprisals- for digging and refining the same, is also fully ex- cepted and reserved therein. The said deed is dated Nov. 18, 1735, in the ninth year of the reign of King: George 11. over Great Britain, etc. Of the three children, Elizabeth married ChristiaiT Swartz, and Barbara became the wife of George Kendrick. I'he son, Michael, married Anna Long,, and on Oct. 21, 1751, a tripartite deed from his mother and his sisters and their husbands was exe- cuted to him for the said tract of land, the consid- eration money for the same mentioned therein being now increased to £250, the land subject to the same reservations as before. The widow died in 1760. Of the daughters and their descendants we give no further record. Michael Witmer, the son, was an unexception- able, far-seeing, hard-working man, endowed with • superior business abilities, and prospered far above and beyond the average farmer of his time and lo- cality. The issue of his marriage was five chil- dren : John, born in 1750, married Elizabeth , and died June 3, 1817, leaving a widow and nine chil- dren; Abraham, born in 1756, married Maria Swartz, and died Feb. 21, 1826, leaving a widow, (they never had any children) ; Anna, born Aug, 5, 1760, married Jacob Eberly, and died as his., widow Feb. 18, 1831, leaving six children (her hus- band had died Dec. 2, 1810) ; Mary, born in 1763, married Jacob Knopp, and died in 1789, leaving her husband and an only child, also named Jacob; and Herman, born July 22, 1753, was twice married,, and died Jan. 5. 1829. His first wife was Widow Barbara Groff, who was born Oct. 6, 1749, and died July 27, 1797. His second wife was Barbara Schucker, born Oct. 15, 1779, who died Jan. i, 1862, In and by the last will and testament of Michael Witmer, bearing date Aug. 27, 1789, executed only a few days before his demise, he bequeathed to hi.'} son, John Witmer, a tract of land bordering on the south side of the Mahantango Creek, and on the west fiide of the Susquehanna river, in the northeast cor- ner of what is now Juniata county, containing 23.2 acres, and allowance of six per cent. Also, another tract adjoining it, but hdng on the opposite side of the creek, in what is now Snyder county, containing - 150 acres, more or les.=!. To his son, Abra- ham Witmer, he gave a tract of 150 acres and allowance, located at and embracing the well-known "McKee's One-Half Falls Hotel" and store property, fronting along the west shore of the Susquehanna river, thirty-six miles above. Harrisburg, and also in Snyder county since the , division of Union, in 1855. To his son, ■ Herman Witmer, he gave the original home tract of 200 acres and allowance, and valued it to him at 546 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ii,6oo. The daughters, the will says, he had previ- ously provided for, to some extent, and he gives to Anna the balance of her equal share in cash. To his grandchild, Jacob Knopp, Jr., he gives £150, to be put on interest for hirn until he arrives of age, and then to be paid to him, with the interest. His wife, Anna, he also provided for liberally and far beyond her needs, and an itemized list of the various and numerous now obsolete articles given to her would appear ridiculously strange if inserted into a will at the present time. He died during the first week in September, 1789, and his widow in the beginning of March, 1792. The three sons occupied, lived and died on the respective tracts of land devised to them. Herman Witmer, in his youth, learned the trade of a shoemaker, which he carried on, along with his agricultural pursuits, for a long time. He was an amateur blacksmith, cooper and carpenter, and did his own blacksmithing, horseshoeing and repairing in the line of cooper and carpenter work required on the farm. He also carried on a distillery on the farm, as most of the farmers ■ did at that time. He was ingenious and inventive, a leader in experimenting with and introducing new- implements, machinery and features on the farm and in the household. He took great delight in pomology, was an expert in grafting, and introduc- ing new varieties of fruit, and at the time of his death there was probably not another farm in Manor township containing such an abundance and variety of fruit, and all grafted by his own hands ; and, as a novelty, he frequently grafted many varieties of apples and pears promiscuously on the same tree. He was an industrious and persevering reader, and a well-informed man, and at the time of his death had accumulated quite an extensive library of books, mostly in the German language, and on one of the fly-leaves at the end of many of the volumes he left a memorandum in his own handwriting, stating that he had read the book through, and expressing his opinion of the contents. By his first wife Herman Witmer had one son, Dr. John Witmer, born May 10, 1785, who married Anna Baer, and died Dec. 14, 1847, leaving a widow and nine children. His widow was born Nov. 24, 1789, and died May 3T, 1854. By his second wife Herman Witmer had two children, Jacob .S. and Elizabeth. The latter was born Dec. 25, 1813, be- came the wife of Daniel Graybill, a farmer of East Hempfield township, and died Dec. 21, 1885, leaving a husband and five children — Magdalena (wife of Daniel Kreider), Herman W., Amos, Benjamin and David W. The husband and father died Oct. 29^ 1890. Herman Witmer divided his land, the 200-acre tract, during his lifetime, between his two sons, giv- ing to John a little the larger portion. Although having suffered a heavy loss through a loan and en- dorsement for an unworthy friend, he was still suf- ficiently prosperous to leave, at the time of his death, cash and securities sufficient to give to the daughter, Elizabeth, an equal share in money. Jacob S. Witmer, son of Herman, was born Jan. II, 1804. He married Mary, oldest daughter of Abraham and Elizabeth Rohrer, of Manor township, on May 30, 1826. She was bom Aug. 15, 1802, and died Aug. 23, 1877. To them were born ten chil- dren — five sons and five daughters. He carried on farming nearly all his lifetime. In 1837 he sold his portion of the original farm to his half-brother. Dr. John Witmer, and purchased another farm, in the western part of the township, which he occupied until 1865, when he sold it also and retired to private life in the village of Millersville until after the death of his wife, when he made his home with his son, A. R. Witmer, during the remainder of his life. He was a m.an of strict integrity, of a kindly disposition, a reliable and helpful friend to the poor, ever willing and ready to do a favor, even when against his own interest, and thereby was often imposed on, and suf- fered numerous financial losses in consequence. He possessed good business abilities, and was very ac- curate and methodical in all business matters, and settled up more decedents' estates, as executor and administrator, than any other person in his section of Manor township. He was assessor and a school, director of Manor township for many years. He also held the offices of prison inspector and county and township auditor, but was never a professional politician. It may not be out of place to remark that all the members of this Witmer family, from the Swiss pro- penitor down to the present time, always voted the Republican ticket, or what had previously l^een its equivalent. Jacob S. Witmer was a good penman, a very rapid writer, and very industrious reader, but never a devoted student. He died March 12, 1890. Of the ten children, Elizabeth, born Aug. 17, 1828, was married March 16, 1849, to Joseph 5. Berger, a son of Philip Berger, of Manor town- ship. In 1865 they moved to Canton, Ohio, where they and their children still reside. Henry R. Wit- mer, born April 6, 1830, married, Nov. 25, 1852, Fanny Kindig, a daughter of John Kindig, of Manor township, and in 1866 moved to Canton, Ohio, and a few years later from thence to Jasper county, Iowa, where he died March 30, 1899. His widow and chil- dren still reside there. Anna was born Nov. 14, 183 1, and on Dec. 27, 1863, was married to Eman- uel S. Frey, of Manor township. In 1865 they moved to Jasper county, Iowa, where he died Oct. 14, 1901. His widow and two sons still survive. Jacob R. Witmer was born Dec. 29, 1833, and, after returning irom the war for the Union, became a tesident of Jasper county, Iowa, and there, on Julv 4, 1869, married Elizabeth Kindig, a daughter of John Kindig, of the same place. She died Feb. 6, 1900. Himself and children still reside there. Benjamin R. Witmer was born March 19, 1835, and on Dec. 23, 1856, married Catharine Kauffman, a BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 547 daughter of Isaac KaufiEman, of Manor township. He located in Millersville, and died there Feb. 27, 1901. The widow and several of the children still reside there. Mary was born July 28, 1836, was mar- ried to Michael R. Shank Oct. 28, 1856, and became the mother of fourteen children. They and some •of the children reside in the city of Lancaster. Bar- bara was born Feb. 3, 1839, was married Dec. 24, 1871, to Dr. John A. Knox, of Jasper county, Iowa, and died there May 19, 1873, survived by her hus- band, but no children. Lydia was born June 7, 184T, was never married, and has her home with her brother, A. R. Witmer. Daniel L. Witmer, the youngest of the family, was born Sept. 27, 1845, and Dec. 21, 1869, married Esther Witmer, yoi'mgest daughter of Jacob Witmer, Sr., of Manor township. He died Jan. 21, 1882. His widow and several of tlie children reside in Millersville. Jacob, Benja- min and Daniel, of this large family, enlisted in the Union army and served during the war of the Re- bellion. Abraham R. Witmer, the eldest of this family of children, was born April 12, 1827, and raised on a farm, where he was tied down to hard work until he was eighteen, and up to that time had but once enjoyed the pleasure of getting beyond fifteen miles from home. His early educational advantages were those of the public schools, such as they were in the rural districts from sixty to seventy years ago, and he was never favored with admittance to any other. But he was remark- ably studious at home, taking more pleasure in read- ing and study than in play, and thus improved many an hour snatched from the ceaseless drudgery of the farm. Several years before quitting school he had outstripped every other pupil in it, regardless of age or size. In 1846 the school board of Manor township tendered him a school, which he accepted, and taught seven winter terms within the township, to the satisfaction of the board and patrons. During his last term he made arrangements with a chance ac- quaintance of a few years before to take up the study and practice of surveying with him, at Williams- ville, Erie Co., N. Y. ; and, at the close of his school, went thither, remained a year and a half, and then returned to his old neighborhood, near Safe Har- bor, in Manor township^ where he purchased sixteen acres of land, cut off from a farm, whereon he built a comfortable home which he still occupies, and com- menced housekeeping, having been married just previously to making the New York State arrange- ment, and taken his wife along to board with him in the family of his employer and instructor. He soon became very successful in his new line of business, embracing surveying, scrivening and clerking of pub- lic sales of real and personal property, along with farming on a small scale. A few years later he was elected assessor of Manor township, and served four years. In 1862 he was elected a justice of the peace of Manor town- ship, and has been re-elected every term since, and still holds the office, with, probably, less costs to the county than any other justice in it — his official fees in all the cases returned to court during forty years not yet amounting to one hundred dollars. In 1863 he was elected county surveyor, and held the office nine years. He also served as deputy coroner over Manor, Conestoga and Martic townships for nine years. While teaching his winter term of 1851-52 Mr. Witmer took up the science of phonography, or short-hand writing, studying from text-books on the subject, without a single lesson from a teacher. There was then but one system, Benjamin Pitman's, and it was not taught outside of the larger cities, and was then something new and unheard of in the rural districts. As he was then boarding at a country tavern, where the young men of the neighborhood congregated nearly every evening to enjoy thmselves playing cards and dominoes and teasing him for wasting his time in studying nonsense, as they termed it, mstead of joining in with them, his bar- room studies received many interruptions, but, heed- less of their sneers and gibes, in due course of time he mastered the system to his satisfaction. In 1853 he commenced keeping a diary of the daily events of the neighborhood, of his business,, incomes and ex- penses, state of the weather, and many other things, and which he has kept up without missing a day up to the present time ; and all written in short-hand, and with special care to write plainly rather than speedily. All his diaries, from first to last, now fifty in number, are models of neatness and accuracy, and carefully preserved. Being fond of travel, after several shorter excur- sions, Mr. Witmer made his first tour to the Western country in the spring of 1849, leaving Lancaster with two trunks, full of a miscellaneous assortment of books, to sell along the way to pay expenses. He traveled mostly by canal, along up the Susquehanna and west branch, and in course of time reached Pitts- burg, where he replenished his stock, and started down the Ohio by steamboat, with less than a dollar in his pocket. On leaving Cincinnati he took passage aboard a White Water Canal Packet to Cambridge City, Indiana. By the time he arrived there he had learned that in order to sell books with success he was obliged to either strain the truth or not tell it all, and thereby became disgusted with the business, boxed up the few remaining volumes on hand, and shipped them back home by freight. Making in- quiry, he soon found a three weeks' job of honest work at sawing and splitting cooper stuff in the woods, and then a month's work at haying, harvest- ing and threshing on a farm, mowing grass with the scythe, and raking and binding wheat after a cradle. After a visit to Hamilton and Tipton counties he bought a pair of horses and rode all the way back home from Indianapolis, over 600 miles, on horse- back, arriving a few days in advance of the appointed time to take charge of his school. His second tour he made in the spring of 1851, 548 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY extending it beyond the Mississippi, where the most i^eliable mode of travel then was by going afoot and higging your baggage on your back, as there was then not a mile of railroad west of the great river, nor a single bridge across it anywhere. After trudging over 250 miles afoot over the sparsely settled western prairies of Iowa and Illinois, he returned to Indiana, purchased three horses and rode all the way back home on horseback, a second time. Since then he has been in every State and Territory in the TJnioA with the exception of South Dakota; also in Mexico, British Columbia, the Klondike and headwaters of the Yukon, Ontario and Quebec. 7\.mong the endless variety of grand scenery abounding within the United States which he has visited and described in his numerous letters of correspondence for publication in The New Era and other Lancaster papers, are the Falls of Niagara ; the White Mountains of New Hampshire ; the Nat- ural Bridge of Virginia; the Caverns of Luray; Pike's Peak, on the top of which he spent a night, nearly three miles above sea level ; the Yellowstone National Park, spending a week therein ; the Grand Canyon of the Colorado, and the Petrified Forest of Arizona; the Ybsemite Valley and the Mariposa Grove of Big Trees in California ; the Garden of the Gods in Colorado ; the Bad Lands Region of Deso- lation in the Western part of North Dakota ; the pic- tured rocks along the south shore of Lake Superior ; and many other places of wonderful interest. Mr. Witmer has visited and become familiar with nearlv all the large cities of the United States and British America, including Sitka, Juneau, Skagway and other small, but important, towns in Alaska. He has visited the extensive copper mines of Lake Superior; the Treadwell Gold Mine, the largest in Alaska ; the Sweet Water Dam, ninety feet in height, and the Tuolumne Dam, lOi feet in height, both in ("alifornia, and built at enormous expense for irri- gation purposes; the Lick Observatory on top of Mount Hamilton, mounted with the monster tele- scope, 50^4 feet in length, through which he peered into the crater of an extinct volcano on the surface of the moon : the great Brooklyn bridge ; the steel arch bridge across the Mississippi at St. Louis ; and the steel tubular bridge across the St. Lawrence, at Montreal, which are stupendous works of ingenious mechanical engineering skill, and he has spent hours at a time in viewing each of them from different points of vantage. He has traveled afoot, on horseback, stage- coach, prairie schooner, canal packet, river, lake and ocean steamer; by steamer on the Hudson, the Po- tomac, the St. John's, the Oklawaha, the Niagara, the St. Lawrence, the Ohio, the Mississippi, the Illi- nois, the Columbia, Puget Sound, Long Island Sound, all the Great Lakes and several coast lines on the i-\tlantic and Pacific. Mr. Witmer has always keep strict account of all his business matters. Also a complete record of the leading lines of his scrivening, clerking, survey- ing, and, among other things, he has written 156 wills, nearly 1,400 deeds and mortgages, and clerked without assistance 784 public sales of real estate and personal property. He has also settled up twenty- four estates as executor, administrator and assignee of the same ; and was appointed and served as guar- dian for quite a number of minor children. He is, and always has been, strictly temperate in his habits, and has never used intoxicants nor tobacco in any form. He says he has been trying for years past to get out of business, but finds it is now more difficult to get out of it than it was to get in. Mr. Witmer was married Dec. 16, 1852, to Fanny Buckwalter, a daughter of Jacob and Fanny Buck- waiter, of Manor township. She was born Aug. 4, 1827, and died July 31, 1887. To them were born, five children, the second and third of which died in infancy. The eldest, Annie B. Witmer, was born Dec. 22, 185.1, and Oct. 24, 1876, was married to Henry G. Wittmer, a son of John Wittmer, Sr., a farmer of near Blue Rock, in Manor township. To- them was born an only child, Clara W. Wittmer, on Oct. 31, 1890. They .acquired one of the several farms of his father, on which they reside, and culti- vate the same. Ellen B. Witmer was born Sept. 30, 1862, remains unmarried, and has her home with her sister, Annie. She is greatly interested in, and de- votes much of her time and aid to church, mission- ary and Sunday-school work. Allen B. Witmer, born Nov. 28, 1865, married Bertha Steigelman, a daughter of John Steigelman, late of Manor town- ship, deceased. He carries on a general store at Masonville, and is postmaster of Letort, at the same place. To them have been born three children, Charles M. Witmer, on Jan. 31, 1891 ; Mary S. Wit- mer, on June 22, 1892 ; and Ada E. Witmer, on Oct.. 6, 1901. The latter died March i, 1902. EDWARD CORNELIUS HALL (deceased), who for many years successfully conducted the "Del- monico," the well-known hotel on Center Square, Lancaster, and at the same time carried on classes- for dancing and deportment, was born in Strasburg, Lancaster Co., Pa., Sept i, 1854. Mr. Hall was a son of Carpenter and Elizabeth (Treen") Hall, of Strasburg, who removed to Lan- caster when Edward C. was a small boy. They had a family of eight children, as follows : Abram C- and Joseph, both residents of Canton, Ohio ; John F., in Massillon, Ohio; Edward C, whose name introduces this sketch ; and Harry, Albert, Miss Ella and Ida (wife of George Swain), all four resi- dents of Lancaster. After following various occupations Edward C. Hall engaged in the hotel and cafe business, which he carried on with marked success for sixteen years or more, his place of business being known as the "Delmonico." For eighteen years, ably assisted by JVIrs. Hall, he conducted dancing classes, which in their day were the most popular in Lancaster, recei\'- ing the patronage of the best people of the city. Mr- A (l ^^^ . S. Ji^^^c^^^.. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 649 Hall died Dec. 6, 1899, at the age of forty-five years, in the prime of hfe, and so popular and highly es- teemed was he that it seemed as if the entire city attended his funeral to pay the last sad tribute of •esteem and regard. He was a Knight Templar Mason, a member of the Knights of Pythias, Knights «f the Golden Eagle, Knights of Malta, and Arti- sans. In politics he was a Democrat. In 1875 Mr. tlall was married to Miss Sarah Matilda Afflebach, daughter of the late Daniel Affle- bach, who belonged to an old and well known family of this section. He died just ten weeks after the -decease of Mr. Hall. To this union were born four children, as follows: Miss Mabel Gray, living at home; Charles Willison, who is learning the jewel- •er's trade with L. C. Reisner & Co. ; Walter Daniel, attending Yeates Institute ; and Reah Baker, also at school. Mrs. Hall bravely took hold of the work her hus- Toand had laid down, and the "Delmonico" is kept fully up to the high popular standard it has all along Tnaintained. CYRUS D. STAUFFER. A prominent mem- l>er of one of the old Lancaster county families which has long been noted for those qualities which have given this locality its high standing, is Cyrus D. Stauffer, now a retired farmer of West Donegal township, in the outskirts of Elizabethtown, where he erected his fine brick mansion in 1893. Cyrus D. Stauffer was born May 21, 1843, son of Samuel K. and Mary (Dieffenderfer) Stauffer, of Mt. Joy township. The former died in 1895, in East Donegal township, aged eighty-one years, and his widow survived three years, dying at the age of seventy-five, both being buried in Bossier's Meeting House cemetery, in West Donegal town- ship. For a decade prior to his death, he lived a retired life. Both he and his wife belonged to the Old Mennonite Church. Their children were as follows : Aaron D., a retired farmer in East Done- gal township ; Cyrus D. ; and Samuel D., a prom- inent resident of Lancaster. On Sept. 20, 1866, at the home of the bride, in West Donegal township, Cyrus D. Stauffer was married to Miss Susan E. Heisey, and the children born to this union were : M. Grace, who married Benjamin F. Hoffman, of Conoy township; Dora M., who married R. S. Buch, a manufacturer of Elizabethtown ; Irvin H., who is the teller in the Exchange Bank, in Elizabethtown; Katie H., at home ; and Mary, Paul H. and Abner H., who all died young. Mrs. Stauffer was born May 9, 1845, ii^ West Donegal township, daughter of Henry B. and Cath- •erine (WoJgemuth) Heisey, both of whom were horn in Mt. Joy township, but died in West Done- gal, where Mr. Heisey was a farmer in his earlier years, and where he lived for thirty, years prior to his death in retirement from activity of that kind. He died in 1895 at th? age of eighty-seven, his wife having died in 1890, when seventy-four years old. Both were buried in Pleasant Hill cemetery, in West Donegal township. They were most estimable. Christian people, devoted members of the River Brethren Church. Until 1893 Cyrus D. Stauffer continued to farm the old homestead, during which time every part of his domain was kept up to its full measure of capacity, winning for Mr. Stauffer the reputation of being one of the best farmers in his locality. For several terms Mr. Stauffer served West Don- egal township on its school board. He belongs to the Brethren in Christ Church and is a man highly respected by all who know him. • Irvin H. .Stauffer. teller in the Exchange Bank, of Elizabethtown, Pa., was born Sept. 25, 1870, in West Donegal township. His education was acquired in the common schools and vmtil he was seventeen years of age, he assisted his father on the farm. As he advanced to early manhood, the restrictions of rural life and the limited oppor- tunities for development of business ability, caused him to seek a position as clerk in Lancaster. For a year and a half he clerked in a clothing store in this city, but desiring to perfect himself in the higher branches of knowledge, he resigned this po- sition and became a student at the Millersville State Normal School. There he took two courses, returning home in the spring of 1890, in time to accept the responsible place offered him of teller in the Exchange Bank, in Elizabethtown. In this position he has made a record for faithful service and is in direct line of promotion, possessing every qualification for a successful financial career. He takes an intelligent interest in politics, belongs to the Republican party and is prominent in social life. He is a member of Christ's Reformed Church, is one of its liberal supporters and a promoter of every worthy enterprise in his community. On Nov. 27, 1901, he was married to Miss Cora McAllister, daughter of Jacob and Barbara (Grei- der) McAllister, of Pequea township. She was born July 5, 1873. DANIEL ZIMMERMAN. Among the re- spected and substantial farmer-citizens of West Earl township, is Daniel Zimmerman, who resides in great comfort upon his fine farm of seventy- three acres, located about one mile from the village of West Earl. Daniel Zimmerman was born Dec. 25, 1846, a son of Emanuel and Mary (Stauffer) Zimmer- man, the former of whom was well known as a good farmer and worthy citizen. The family of Eman- uel and Mary Zimmerman numbered nine children, these being : David, deceased ; Jacob, a farmer of Earl township ; Daniel ; Samuel, a farmer of Earl Annie, the wife of Samuel Abot, a farmer of Earl Elizabeth, the wife of Jacob Horst, an Earl farmer Mary, the wife of John Good, of West Earl ; Lydia^ at home ; and one child who died }'oung. Mr. Zim- 550 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY merman was born in 1823 and died in 1895, while his wife was born in 1822, and died in 1892. The grandfather of Daniel was Christian Zimmerman, a man of means in his day, whose ancestors came to America from Germany, and he and his wife reared a family of ten children: John, Christian, David, Jacob, Martin, Elizabeth, Barbara, Susan, Emanuel and Peter. Daniel Zimmerman was reared on the farm and all his life has taken a great interest in agriculture. His present farm gives every evidence of good man- agement, for his buildings are of the best construc- tion and all of the other improvements thoroughly modern. Mr. Zimmerman was educated in the pub- lic schools, and he has supplemented this with read- ing, so that he is one of the intelligent and progres- sive men of the township. Daniel Zimmerman was married in 1870 to Miss Annie Erb, a daughter of Jacob L. and Elizabeth (Groif) Erb, of West Earl township, and this union has been blessed with two sons and two daughters : Benjamin, a farmer of West Earl ; Martin, who re- sides at home ; Mary, the wife of Christian Risser, of Clay township ; and Elizabeth, the wife of Will- iam Good, of West Earl township. In politics, Mr. Zimmerman is a staunch Re- publican; and he is a consistent member of the Mennonite Church. His personal character is high, and he enjoys the esteem of the whole community. SIMON DENLINGER, a retired farmer of Leacock township, and one of the most highly es- teemed and upright residents of that community, was born in Paradise township, Oct. 23, 1845, a son of John and Mary (Brubaker) Denlinger. His fa- ther was born in Paradise township, and his mother in West Hempfield. The father, who was a farmer all his life, died in 1895, at the age of seventy-nine years, his wife having passed to her reward two vears previously, at the age of seventy-eight. The remains of both are resting in the Hess cemetery, of Salisbury township. Mr. Denlinger had retained his physical abilities to such an extent that he had been retired only six years before his death. He and his wife were members of the Mennonite Church. To Mr. and Mrs. John Denlinger were born the following children : Franie, who died young ; Bar- bara and John, both unmarried, and living on the old farm; Lizzie, who is the widow of Elias Lea- man, and has her home in Intercourse, Pa. ; Samuel, a retired farmer in Paradise township; Elias, a re- tired farmer in Salisbury township; Simon; Jacob; Mary, wife of H. E. Musser, of Paradise, Pa., whose sketch may be found elsewhere; Tobias, of whom a sketch is given elsewhere, died in 1898; Christiann, married to Henry Hershey, of Inter- course, Pa. ; Evaline, wife of E. H. Hostetter, liv- ing in Leacock township. Simon Denlinger was married Nov. 24, 1870, in Paradise township, to Anna Mary Leaman, by whom he became the father of the following fam- ily : Noah B., a farmer, and engaged in the culti- vation of the old Denlinger homestead and married to Hannah Eby; Leaman J., a farmer in Leacock township, who married Emma Hoover, and with whom Mr. Denlinger makes his home; Jason, whQ died in infancy ; Harry, living on the old homestead with his brother Noah. Mrs. Anna M. Denlinger was born in Leacock township, March 14, 1851, and died Aug. 10, 1897. Her remains rest in the Hess cemetery, Salisbury township. She was the daughter of Jacob and Lydia (Buckwalter) Leaman, both of Lancaster county. They were the parents of the following children: Catherine, who is the widow of John Kreider, and resides in Paradise township ; Susan, married to Ephraim Hershey, of Salisbury town- ship; Elam, a farmer in Leacock township, mar- ried to Mina Landis; Jacob, a farmer in Leacock township, who married Annie Hershey; Anna M., the wife of Mr. Denlinger; Frank, of Gordonville,. Pa., married to Ida Hershey; Ezra, a cigar box manufacturer in Paradise township, married to Grace Hunsecker. The father, Jacob Leaman, a farmer, died and his widow married Albert Deffen- baugh, registrar of wills at Greenland, Pennsyl- vania. Mr. Denlinger remained with his parents unti! his marriage, when he began farming in Hempfield township, in which he was engaged eleven years- At the end of that period he removed to a farm in Paradise township, on which he was located untif 1898, when he retired, and came to live with his son. Both he and his wife were members of the Mennon- ite Church; in his politics he is a Republican. AMOS P. SMITH. Among the honorable and respected farmers of Drumore township is Amos P. Smith, who resides on his fine farm of 115 acres, situated less than a mile from Fairfield, Pa. Mr. Smith was a grandson of Joseph Smith, who was a native of Chester county, Pa., coming to Lancas- ter county when a young man. There he married Tracy Shoemaker, of Drumore township, who was born in 1806, he being five years her senior, and they had a family of four children who grew to ma- turity: Rachel, a resident of Drumore township; George and Amos, twins ; and Ellen W., who is the wife of Hon. William Brosius, a member of the Legislature from this district, more extended men- tion of whom may be found elsewhere. George Smith, the father of Amos P., was born in 1825, and married Emily Tennis, who was bom in 1826. They were married in 1848 and reared four children: Amos P., who was born Oct. 4, 1849; Annie M., born Feb. 15, 1852, wife of Gard- ner Crawford, of Perryville, Md. ; Gerritt, born Oct. 17, 1857, who resides on the old home place, and whose biography appears in this work; and Ellsworth, born Sept. 6, 1861, who died while stil! a young man. BTDGRAPHICAL ANNALS. OF ■ LANGIASTER COUNTY; 551 Amos P. Smith was married on Dec. 5, 1871, to Lydia S. . Lamborn, who was a daughter of Smedley and Margaret (Bolton) Lamborn, of Mar- tic township. She was ..born Oct. 29, 1851. This marriage has been blessed with these children: Ellsworth W., born Nov. 27, 1877, at home, unmar- ried; Eva May, born Jan. 2, 1882; Edna R., June 14, 1884; Emeline T., Oct. 24, 1886; Joseph E., Jan. 4, 1890; and George A., Sept. 22, 1892. Mrs. Smith was reared in a family of ten chil- dren, as follows : George S., of Martic township ; Aquilla B., of Britain township; Emeline, the wife of Joseph Shoemaker, of Drumore township; Ell- wood, deceased ; William, deceased ; Mary E., the wife of Thomas B. tlamhleton, a merchant of Fern- glen, whose sketch appears .elsewhere; Sarah E., the wife of Jacob K. Brown, of Fulton township, whose sketch is a part of this volume; Alice, the wife of William L. Shoemaker, .of Fulton • town- ship, whose sketch also appears; Lucinda, the wife of Benjamin F. Tennis; and Lydia S., the wife, of Mr. Smith. :r\ •. -The fine, well-improved farm which is now the home of Mr. Smith and his family was purchased by him in 1899, and is one of the most desirable properties in this county. . It is under excellent cul- tivation, while the attractive residence, commodious barns, fruitful orchards and complete fencing, show that Mr. Smith is a very capable manager of it all, Mr. Smith is a Republican in politics, although in no way a politician, and both he and his wife manifest a great interest in the welfare of the local- ity. As he was reared, so he has continued, a con- sistent and worthy member of the Society of Friends. ' He has taken a great interest in the work- ings of the W. C. T. U., believing it to be a great moral factor, and his daughter Eva is the secretary of the Union at Fairfield. This is one of the truly representative families of Drumore township. JOSEPH H. BEILER. Among the passen- gers on the ship, the "Charming Polly," which sailed from Rotterdam and landed its cargo at Phil- adelphia, Pa., on Oct. 8, 1737, was one Jacob Beiler, who bought land in eastern Pennsylvania and reared there a family. His son, Christopher S., was a res- ident of Chester county, as was also his son. Chris- tian. The next in line was John, who was a son of Christian and he was the grandfather of our sub- ject, Joseph H. Beiler, of Upper Leacock township, in Lancaster county. John Beiler was born in East Lampeter town- ship and married Elizabeth Lapp. They were farm- ing people and members of the Old Mennonite Church. John Beiler died in Union, county. Pa., in 1868, at the age of eighty-six years, but his widow survived until 1877, dying at the home of one of her children, in Upper Leacock township, at the age of eighty-four years. Deacon John L. Beiler, son of John Beiler, was born in Lancaster county and was about two years old when, his parents removed to Mifflin county, where he married and remained until 1854, when he returned to Lancaster county and located on a farm in East Lampeter township. There he died in 189::?,. aged seventy-five years, six months and three days. The mother of our subject was born in Mifflin county and lived until 1874, dying at the age of fifty-four. They lie side by side in the old bury- ing ground known as Rancks, in East Lampeter township. Both wer,e pious and worthy members of .the* Amish order of the Mennonite Church. From. 1866 to his death, in 1892, John L. Beiler held the honorable office of deacon in the church. This worthy man was held in the highest esteem through the locality. The children born to Deacon John L. Beiler and his. wife were : ' David, who lived to be forty years old;; Elizabeth, who liyes in East Lampeter town- ship,, unmarried; Joseph H. ; Nancy; Sarah; Je- mima, who married, John Zook, a farmer of Upper Leacock toyvnship; John, who died at the age of thipty-one; Samuel, the farmer on the old home- stead, near Witmer, Pa.; Joel; Rebecca, who died in infancy; Mary, who died unmarried, at the age of thirty-five. EHzabeth, Nancy, Sarah a:nd Joel are all single and reside together on the old farm in East; Lampeter fownship, highly esteemed in their neighborhood. Joseph H. Beiler acquired his education in the district schools and remained on the home farm, as- sisting his , father, , until he was about twenty-two years of age, at which time he began to learn the carpenter trade and worked at it for the following three years. However, he later decided to return to farming and began operations on land in the vi- cinity of Gordonville, Pa., where he remained until 1875, when he came to his present fine farm, lo- cated a quarter of a mile 'south of Mechanicsburg, on the New Holland turnpike. Here in connection with his farming he has conducted a threshing out- fit, but since 1892 he has been retired from activ- ity, his son-in-law carrying on operations on the farm. Although Mr. Beiler has retired from active labor, it is not on account of age, as he was born in Mifflin county, on June 11, 1845, and is still in the prime of life. His parents were John L. and Lydia (Hertzler) Beiler, of whom mention has been made. On Dec. 15, 1870, in Leacock township, Joseph H. Beiler was married to Miss Sarah Kauffman, and to this union was born one daughter, Anna K., who married Moses P. Stoltz, who manages Mr. Beiler's farm. To. Mr. and Mrs. Stoltz three chil- dren have been born, Daniel, Joseph and Sarah. Mrs. Sarah (Kaufifman) Beiler was born in Leacock township, Jan. 11, 1850, a daughter of John Kaufifman and Susan King, the former of whom was born in Mifflin county, and the latter in Lancaster county. Mr. Kauffman was a large farmer and died in Leacock township on April 3, 1898, at the age of seventy-six years. He had been 552 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY one of the leading men of his county, and was town- ship auditor at one time, but for some years had Hved retired from active duties. The mother of Mrs. Beiler was born in 1826 and now resides in the daughter's family, every member of which is solicitous for her comfort. Both she and her hus- band belonged to the Old Mennonite Church. Their children were: Samuel, who died young; Eliza- beth, who married John S. Fisher, and resides in East Lampeter township ; Sarah, the wife of Joseph H. Beiler ; Jacob, who is a farmer of Leacock town- ship ; Susan, who married John B. Fisher, now a re- tired farmer of this township ; Ely, who is a farmer in Leacock township; Salome, who died young; and Rebecca, who died at the age of twenty years. The grandparents of Mrs. Beiler were old and most highly esteemed citizens of this part of the State, those on the father's side being John and Eliza (Lapp) KauflEman, natives of Chester county, while those on the mother's side were John and Eliza (Stoltzfus) King, both natives of Leacock town- ship. All were farmers and religiously connected with the Old Mennonite Church. Joseph H. Beiler has been a life-long Repub- lican, although he has taken no very active part in politics, contenting himself with doing his duty as a citizen. For three years he served his township as school director and has always shown interest in all measures promising advantage to the county. Both he and~his family are connected with the Old Mennonite Church and he is known to be a man of integrity and high character. DAVID H. HESS, a blacksmith of Conestoga township, is a son of Daniel Hess. The father, Daniel Hess, was a blacksmith, who learned his trade with a man named Johnson, in Pequea town- ship, and followed it all his life. For a number of years before his death, in 1866, he was connected with the Old. Mennonite Church. He was a stanch Democrat in politics, but never sought office. He married Mary, daughter of Isaac Hoak, of Slackwater. They were the parents of nine chil- dren: Christina, wife of Cyrus Stombaugh, of Millersville ; Tobias, who was drowned in the Con- estoga about twenty years ago while fishing; Isaac H., bar-tender for Mrs. Caroline Hoak, of Millers- ville ; David H. ; John F. M., of Sterling, 111., a car- penter; Martin H., of Conestoga township, a to- bacco farmer ; Henry H., of Sterling, 111. ; Lizzie, wife of Stephen Watson, Conestoga township, a farmer ; Fannie, wife of John Benge, a paper-maker in Delaware. David H. Hess was born Oct. 8, 1855, in Cones- toga Center. His father died when he was only eleven years old. He was soon thereafter hired out to Jacob B. Herr, a farmer in Pequea township, where he remained four years. He then worked for Jacob B. Stetman, of Conestoga, for two years. After this he went with Cyrus H. Stombaugh, of Millersville, to learn the blacksmith trade and he remained there three years. He then removed to Rock Hill, started in business for himself, and has remained there ever since. In February, 1877, he was married to Barbara, daughter of Jacob Burkhart, of Conestoga. They are the parents of four children, Minnie E., Susan B., Oscar B. and Charles H., all at home. In addi- tion to Mr. Hess' blacksmith business, he has a farm of thirty acres which he uses for raising vege- tables for market. He rents a stand in the Southern Market, Lancaster City, where he disposes of his produce every Saturday afternoon. Mr. Hess had a common school education but has studied the top- ics of the day since reaching mature age and is well posted on all matters of general interest. He has been successful through his own efforts and is an honored citizen of his neighborhood. CHRISTIAN WISE, of the firm of Wise Bros., successful brick manufacturers of Lancaster, Pa., whose products find a ready sale throughout the entire county and neighboring districts, is one of the enterprising business men of the city, and was formerly a member of the common council. He was bom Dec. 18, 1845, ^^ Baden, Germany, son of Adam and Catherine (Meister) Wise, also natives of Ger- many. Adam Wise was a weaver in his native land, and after his marriage he emigrated to America, ar- riving in Lancaster, Pa., in April, 1847. For some time after his arrival Mr. Wise was employed in un- loading coal on the "Engleside," and later engaged in the manufacture of brick in the employ of George Kautz, of whom he learned the business. In 1871 he embarked in that line of business for himself, assisted by his sons, and continued in the same until his death, which occurred March 4, 1875, when he was not quite fifty-eight years of age. His wife, who has now reached an advanced age, resides at Lancaster. Her father, Lanhait Meister, also emi- grated to America, and died in Lancaster at the age of eighty-two. Adam Wise was a Democrat in poli- tics, in which he took a deep interest. His religious connections were with the Reformed Church. To himself and wife eleven children were born, but only three grew to maturity. Christian, John V. and Louisa, Mrs. Beaumann, all residing in Lancaster. John V. Wise, ex-president of the select council of Lancaster, and one of the leading members of the Democratic party of this locality, was nominated county commissioner on the Democratic ticket June 6, 1902. He is the partner of his brother. Christian, in the firm of Wise Bros. He is a veteran of the Civil war, and was one of the youngest soldiers re- ceived into service. On June 23, 1872, John V. Wise married Margaret Kroft. When Christian Wise was only eighteen months old his parents took him to the New World, the little party landing upon the free soil of their future home after a stormy voyage of forty-five days. His boyhood days were spent in Lancaster, where he Aeyhf^M^/^an^ /^S^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 663 attended the common schools and worked in a brick- yard. Later he attended school during the winter, learning at the same time the trade of cigarmaker, which he put to good use after his return from the war. But when his father and brother John entered into the brick business, he joined them and since that time has devoted all his time and attention to this branch of industrial life. The brickyards and kilns owned by Wise Bros., the two brothers succeeding to sole control after the demise of their father, in 1875, are the best equipped in the county, and are well adapted to the immense volume of business an- nually transacted by the firm. The plant is located on the comer of Manor and Prospect streets, the yards covering twelve acres, and the plant is fully supplied with a 30-horse-power engine and all requisite brick- making machinery. When running full force employ- ment is given to forty men. There are three kilns and the annual output averages 3,500,000 brick. In addition to the manufacture of ordinary bricks, the firm have a large demand for pressed and hand moulded varieties. The clay used is of the very best quality, and great care is exercised in every process of manufacture. In 1881 Mr. Wise bought a i6o- acre farm near Richmond, Va., and lived there two years. On Feb. 25, 1864, although then scarcely nineteen years old, Mr. Wise enlisted in Co. C, 2d Pa. H. A., being mustered into service at Philadelphia and sent to the front, and attached to the Army of the Po- tomac, with which he participated in the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania and Cold Harbor, and the Siege of Petersburg. Later, he was transferred to the Army of the James, under Gen. Butler, with which he remained until the surrender. On July 4, 1864, while on picket duty near Petersburg, on the Richmond & Norfolk railroad, he. was wounded, a bullet passing through his right cheek and coming out at the back of his neck. Although given a justly earned furlough, before two months had passed the brave young soldier was at duty again, with his regi- ment, in which he became corporal. While near Petersburg, June 17, 1864, he had received a buck- shot wound in the left knee. He was finally dis- charged in February, 1866, after he had made a war record of which he and his children may well be proud. In politics Mr. Wise has always been a stanch Democrat, members of his family having supported the principles of that organization from the time of their location in Lancaster. About 1869 Mr. Wise served as a member of the city council for one term, and he always takes a most active part in all cam- paigns ; he has served also as judge of election. Be- ing recognized as a man of sterling merit, calm judgment and keen discrimination, he is often called upon to serve upon the petit juries. Socially he is well and favorably known throughout the entire community, and fraternally he is associated with Monterey Lodge, I. O. O. F., and with the Knights of Pythias. The family are members of the St. John's Reformed Church of Lancaster. In August, 1866, Mr. Wise married, in Lan- caster, Emma R. Pyle, and the following children have been born to them : Emma married John K. Warren, a tailor of York, Pa., and they have had seven children, two of whom are deceased; Adam, with his father in the brickyard, and a resident of Lancaster, married Catherine Benner, and they had one child ; Frederick, also employed with his father, married Ida Reece, and has had four children, one of whom is deceased; Miss Mamie is at home; Louisa married Samuel Charles, and they have three children ; Kate married Benjamin Herr, of Lancas- ter, and they have four children, one of whom is de- ceased; Miss Minnie is at home. The family re- side in a pleasant home built by Mr. Wise in 1886. Mrs. Wise was born in Lancaster Oct. 8, 1843, a daughter of Frederick and Catherine (Miller) Pyle, of Lancaster. Frederick Pyle, who was a dis- tiller, died Sept. 4, 1880, when he was sixty-two years of age, while his wife died May 18, 1858, aged forty-eight years, and both are buried in Lancaster cemetery. They were members of the First Re- formed and Trinity Churches, respectively. They had the following family: Rebecca, who died in childhood; George, of Brooklyn, N. Y.; Sarah, widow of John Silvas, of Lancaster, Pa. ; John (de- ceased), who was a soldier in the 79th P. V. I., and was wounded; Emma R., Mrs. Wise; Mary (de- ceased), who married Henry Leonard; Wa'shing- ton, a railroad detective of Lancaster, Pa. (he was a soldier in the 79th P. V. I.) ; Lucy, deceased ; Mar- garet, deceased ; Philip, of Lancaster ; Allen, of Lan- caster; Harry and Frederick, twins, the former of whom died in childhood, the latter at the age of twenty-two; and Joseph, deceased. . The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Wise were Philip and Margaret (Wiikerson) Pyle, he a native of Germany, and she of Virginia. The history of Philip Pyle reads like one of the modern novels deal- ing with by-gone days. Only eighteen, ignorant of the language of the new land, he was sold in Vir- ginia for his passage and remained there four years. At the expiration of his period of bondage, he mar- ried, and with his faithful wife made his way to Lancaster, Pa., where he became a distiller and one of the leading men of that city, dying in 1849, aged seventy-eight. His wife survived him one year, dying at the age of seventy-six, and both are buried in Lancaster cemetery. They were consistent mem- bers of the Reformed Church. The maternal grand- father of Mrs. Wise was George Miller, of Lancas- ter, a prominent pump manufacturer and leading citizen. HENRY AUGUSTUS ROLAND was born in New Holland, Pa., Nov. 26, 1819, and died in that borough, June 21, 1901. His remains rest in the Trinity Lutheran cemetery at New Holland, Pa. Mi BIOGRAPHICAL. ANNALS OF .-^LANCASTER ^COUNTY He was a lifelong resident of New Holland and was descended, both paternally and maternally, from pioneer Germans, those early Palatinate set- tlers who, in 1709, on the invitation of Queen Anne, fled from religious persecution on, the banks of the Rhine in Germany to seek a haven in the New World. Ever since their original land grant from Thomas Penn, as early as 1733, the Rolands have been large land owners, and have been prom- inently identified for more than a century and a half with the management and progress of affairs in the community, Henry Augustus Roland was the. .fifth of a family of seyen children born. to Henry and Margaret (Seeger) Roland, and received his early education at the New Holland free school and at Beck's noted Academy at. Lititz, Pa. He .was mar- ried in 1849 to Jane Whann Heyl,, a daughter of Philip and Margaret (Whann). Heyl, of. Philadel- phia, Pa., by whom he had the following family: Oliver, a physician at Lancaster, Pa.; William H., an attorney at Lancaster, Pa.; Frederic A., cashier of the. Second National Bank at Reading, . Pennsyl- vania. Possessed of a strong and. .logical mind, Mr. Roland manifested from early manhood those ster- ling qualities, of success, energy, accuracy, tact and prevision in the successful management of the many responsibilities that were, thrust upon him. As a financier he was keen and alert, shrewd and sagacious, yet prudent and cautious, qualities which he lived to see bring him his well. earned in- crement. It has been truly said, ."he was progressive in his ideas, and encouraged and supported every movement calculated to advance the interests ot the community in which he spent his entire lifetime^.' He viras from early age a member of the Trinity Lutheran Church, and was prominently identified with the erection of their present church building in 1850. He was, for over fifty years, a director and manager of the New Holland Turnpike Com- pany; was chosen president of. the Centennial Ju- bilee at New Holland, July 4, 1876, and volunteered much encouragement and assistance in the produc- tion of the "History of the Three Earls." He took an active part in the organization of the New Holland National Bank, in which he was one of the original stock holders, although magnani- mously waiving all suggestion in its management, owing to his growing years. He, nevertheless, al- ways displayed a keen and solicitious interest in its progress and success. He advocated the incorpora- tion of New Holland into a borough, and was active in the movement which led to that result in 1895. He encouraged and supported in a substantial way the organization of the New Holland Water Com- pany, and was prominent and foremost in all pro- gres.sive movements. Although continually employed with financial cares, he gave much time to literary pursuits, was thoroughly conversant with the topics of the day. whilst his voluminous reading extended to the high- er sciences, to philosophy and to religious thought, which his reasoning mind was so well adapted to grasp. As a cultured gentleman, of genial dispo/' sition, engaging manners and scrupulous integrity, his companionship was much sought by his friends. JOHN D. RUTHERFORD, a prosperous and successful general farmer of Conoy tow.nship, Lan- caster county, was born in Adams, county. Pa., July II, 1834, and is a son of William and Leah (Deck- er) Rutherford. , The parents came into Lancaster county in 1840, and made their home in Bainbridge; where their lives were spent. The father was a ma- son by -trade, and did a tobaccco farming business. When he died, in 188 1, he had. reached the age of sixty-seven years. The mother, died in 1870, at the age .of sixty years, and both were buried, in Bain- bridge. • They were members of the . Lutheran and the Reformed • Churches, respectively, and were, the parents of the following family of . children : John D.^; Leah, unmarried, who lives in Elizabethtown ; Julia Ann and Martin, deceased; Levi, a stone ma- son in Elizabethtown; Daniel, dead; William, a stone mason, in Elizabethtown; Catherine, dead..; Henry, a resident of Marietta. Sam.uel Rutherford, the paternal grandfather of John D., came from England, and-married a Ger- man-bora woman, in Adams county, where their married life. was spent and^ where he died; his wid- ow died in Bainbridge, Lancaster county. John D. Rutherford and Rachel A. Shelly were married Nov. 13, 1859, i" Columbia, by Rev. Mr. Menges, and to this union came the following chil- dren : Mary Ann, now dead ; William L., who marr ried Anna C. Lanstrum, and is a Lutheran pastor at Dayton, Ohio ;.. Frances, the wife of Samuel Sap- ling, a cigar maker in Philadelphia; Bellmina and Mary, both deceased ; John, who married Emma Dennison and lives in Philadelphia ; Effie, married to William Harlan and living at home ; Bessie and Emma (who married George Shields), both de- ceased. Mrs. Rachel A. Rutherford was born in Ches- ter, Pa., Jan. 31,-1834, and is a daughter of God- lib and Catherine (Iseman) Shelly, both born and bred in Germany, where they married. When they came to this country they settled in Chester, but moved into Lancaster county in 1848, making their home near New Holland. The father was a farmer, and worked in tanneries during the winter season. Born to them were John, deceased; Fredrika, who married Charles Reisler, and is dead; Louisa, late wife of Christ. Sweinard ; Rachel ; Emma, the wife of John Swartz, of Philadelphia ; Agnes, the widow of George Robbery, who lives in Philadelphia; Liz- zie, the widow of John Sellers, who has her home in Philadelphia; Fanny and Lydia are unmarried and live in Philadelphia. John D. Rutherford remained with his parents until he became of age, then for about two years BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 555 worked among the neighboring farmers. After his marriage he worked eight years on the railroad, and rented farms for several years. In 1885 he came upon the farm where he is now found. It forms part of the Cassel estate, and is a very valuable piece of real estate. Mr. Rutherford is a Republican, and has served as constable four years. Both he and his wife are members of the Lutheran Church, and bear them- selves well in the community where their peaceful and industrious lives are passing. They are straightforward and strictly honest in all their deal- ings, and their kind hearts and genial disposition have made them many friends. FRANK R. GROFF, a contractor of concrete and mason work in Conoy township, Lancaster county. Pa., has extensive farming interests also in that locality, and has made a comfortable place for himself in the community in which his useful life is passing. Mr. Grofif was born in Laupheim, Wurtemberg, Germany, Oct. 31, 1849, ^"^ came to this country in 1872, crossing the ocean on the French ship "The Sign Lawrence." Landing in New York, he at once made his way to Lancaster county, and here he has resided to the present time. He is a son of Fridolin and Waldburger (Romer) Groff, both his parents living and dying in Ger- many. The father was a brick layer, mason and contractor, dying in 1865, at the age of fifty-eight years; the mother died in 1872, at the age of sixty- one years. They were both members of the Cath- olic Church, and had the following children: George, a Catholic priest, who went to South Amer- ica in 1853 ; Pius, an architect, who is deceased ; Frank R. ; Magdelina, deceased wife of Christ. Weisman, a salesman; Elizabeth, late wife of Jo- seph Zimmerman, a carpenter and contractor ; Philo- mena, the wife of Nenzenz Speitel, a miller on the island of Sicily. Of this family Frank R. is the only one to come to the United States. Frank R. Groff and Catherine SchroU were mar- ried in York county, Jan. 22, 1880, and to their union were born the following two children : Fran- ces S., who married Harvey Shank, and lives in Newville, Lancaster county; Frank P., who is at home. Mr^. Catherine Groff was born in Man- chester township, York county, Dec. 8, 1857, and is a daughter of Solomon and Mary M. (Hartman) Schroll, both natives of York county, where their lives were spent. The father was a farmer, and died in 1892, at the age of seventy-eight years ; the mother died in 1893, at the age of eighty-two years ; they were buried in the cemetery connected with Hoover's Church, in York county. Born to them were the following children : Jacob, who is dead ; Henry, a veteran of the Civil war, living in the Soldiers' Home ; Daniel, deceased ; Solomon, a resi- dent of Harrisburg ; Emanuel, of Lancaster ; Chris- tina, of Mt. Wolf, Pa., married to Abraham Rhoads; Susan, who married James Maze, and is dead; Elizabeth, who married Joseph Judy, and has her home in Middletown ; Magdelina, deceased ; Catherine, wife of Frank R. Groff. Frank R. Groff remained at home with his par- ents, working at his trade, until his coming to this country. After his arrival here he spent some time in several of the large cities, was at Cincinnati, St. Louis and Kansas City, making a permanent loca- tion, however, in Conoy township, Lancaster coun- ty, in 1877, and moving to his present home in 1881. He is a capable and energetic man, strictly honorable and reliable, and belongs to the Mennonite Church. In his politics he is a Republican, and he is highly regarded by those who know him best. His wife belongs to the Dunkard Church. CHRISTOPHER HAGER, attorney at law. Marietta, Pa., was born in Lancaster city May 6, i860, and is a son of Henry W. and Ellen (Hayes) Hager. Henry W. Hager was a dry-goods mer- chant, and carried on business in Lancaster with his brothers, John C. and Charles F. Hager, under the firm name of Hager & Bros. He was also post- master at Lancaster under President Grant's first administration, and died Dec. 23, 1872, at the early age of thirty-six years. Mr. and Mrs. Henry W. Hager had born to them three children, viz. : Isa- bella H., wife of John R. Nicholson, Chief Justice and Chancellor of Equity for the State of Delaware, and residing in Dover, that State; Christopher, whose name opens this article ; and Mary Bell, mar- ried to Robert D. Stewart, a railroad contractor in Lancaster. The paternal grandparents of Christopher Hager were Christopher and Catharine (Sener) Hager, the former of whom was a dry-goods mer- chant and also president of the Farmers National Bank in Lancaster. Christopher Hager, the great- grandfather, came from Worms, Germany, in 1764, and settled in Lancaster, where he engaged in mer- chandising. The maternal grandparents of our sub- ject were Alexander L. and Isabella (Patterson) Hayes. Alexander L. Hayes came from York River Plantation, Sussex Co., Del., to Reading, Pa., in 1820. He had graduated from Dickinson College, Pennsylvania, and, locating in Reading, practiced law there a few years, when he moved to Lancaster, having been appointed Judge of the Lancaster Dis- trict Court, which was afterward abolished; for term after term he was subsequently elected Judge of the General Courts of Lancaster county, serving a total of more than fifty years on the Bench, and died in Lancaster in 1.875, ^^ the advanced age of eighty-six years. Mrs. Isabella (Patterson) Hayes was a daughter of Col. Galbreth Patterson, a gal- lant patriot of the Revolutionary war, and was a granddaughter on the maternal side of Brig. Gen. William Thompson, of Carlisle, Pa. Gen. Thomp- son was a brother-in-law of George Ross, of Penn- sylvania, and George P^eed, of Delaware, both signers of the Declaration of Independence. 556 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Christopher Hager, the subject proper of these lines, at the age of eleven years was sent to a board- ing-school conducted by A. R. Beck, of Lititz, Pa., and a year later was transferred to the Franklin and Marshall Academy, in Lancaster, and two years later to Cheltenham Academy, in Montgomery county, from which he graduated when eighteen years old. He then became a member of the firm of Hager & Bros., dry-goods merchants, being in the sales department of the store until 1885, after which he traveled through the United States and Europe for a year. In 1886 he entered the law office of Hon. J. Hay BroAvn, as his first student. After a course of law study for two years he en- tered the office of Nathaniel Ellmaker, his uncle, with whom he remained a few years, after which time he devoted his attention to fire insurance for four years, and then sold out his agencies and the business he had established. He then went to Phila- delphia, and was appointed cashier of the State In- surance Company of Philadelphia, with which cor- poration he remained two years. He then opened a law office in that city, and for a year had a successr ful practice there, until November, 1898, when he settled in Marietta, where he at once rose to promi- nence as an attorney, becoming borough solicitor, attorney for the First National Bank of Marietta and many leading business houses; he is also the solicitor and treasurer of the Pioneer Fire Company of Marietta. In June, 1896, Mr. Hager married, in Marietta, Miss Maud E. Baker, a native of the borough, and a daughter of Col. Frederick and Jennie (Jack) Baker, of Marietta and Lancaster, respectively. Col. Frederick Baker was for a long time editor of the Marietta Register, and died in 1885, when sixty years old. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Hager was Peter Baker, a leading lumber merchant of Marietta, and her maternal grandfather was Joshua Jack, an architect, contractor and builder, of Lancaster. Besides attending to his law business in Mari- etta Mr. Hager also occupies the old Ellmaker law office in Lancaster. He is a member of Lamberton Lodge, No. 476, F. & A. M., the Historical Society of Pennsylvania and the Society of the Sons of Revo- lution. He is a member of the Episcopal Church, and in politics is a Republican. As a lawyer he stands in the front rank with his professional brethren, and as a citizen he enjoys the unfeigned respect of all who know him. HENRY GERHART, of No. 46 North Queen street, Lancaster, enjoys the distinction of being proprietor and manager of the largest merchant tailoring establishment in that city. His success- ful career has been the result of his complete mastery of every detail of his business, and of the absolute integrity of all his business methods. Mr. Gerhart was born in Hesse-Darmstadt, Ger- many, Nov. 22, 1835, a son of Daniel and Elizabeth (Thies) Gerhart, the former of whom was a mer- chant in that place, and passed away in 1836. Henry Gerhart spent his boyhood days in his native town, and when his school days were ended was appren- ticed to the tailor's trade. Early in 1850 he sailed for America, by way of London, landing at New York, where he studied American methods, and then began working as a journeyman, coming to Lancas- ter the same year. In 1865 Mr. Gerhart began busi- ness for himself, and has proved very successful as a merchant tailor. For many years he was located on the east side of North Queen street, but the de- mands of an increasing trade made better quarters a necessity, and he secured his present location, v.'here he maintains by far the largest tailor shop in the city. In the fall of 1900 Mr. Gerhart added the making of ladies' tailor-made garments to his other business, and this new departure brought a very gen- erous response from the trading public, now rivaling in volume the original business. In 1866 Mr. Gerhart was married to Miss Mar- garet Wittlinger, of Lancaster, daughter of the late John Wittlinger, a prominent old-time brewer of the city. Mrs. Gerhart died in November, 1893, leaving one son, J. H. Gerhart, who after graduating from Franklin and Marshall College entered the big establishment of his father on North Queen street, as an assistant; in 1894 he married Anna M. Wolf, of Lancaster. Mr. Gerhart was one of the founders, and a stock- holder and director, of the Maennerchor Hall Asso- ciation, of which he was president for a time, and treasurer for a period of eight years. He belongs to Zion's Lutheran Church, where he has been a vestryman for twenty-five years, as well as superin- tendent of the Sunday-school, and financial secre- tary of the parish for the same period. Socially he is a charter member and past officer of Flebel Lodge, I. O. O. F., and is one of the organizers and former officers of the Order of Seven Wise Men. In all the affairs of life Mr. Gerhart has always proved faithful and worthy of respect and confidence, and after a mercantile career of thirty-five years in Lan- caster he is still wide-awake and vigorous, with a trade that is yearly taking on larger proportions. He has a wide circle of friends and patrons. GEORGE LEWIS LYLE. For many years George Lewis Lyle was a trusted and efficient rail- road man, but in 1892 he yielded to the wishes of family and party friends and left that line to accept the position of justice of the peace in Columbia, in which situation he gave general satisfaction, testi- fied to by several re-elections. Mr. Lyle was born in Paradise township May 17, 1843, 3- son of Samuel B. and Fanny (Graham) Lyle, natives of Lancaster county. The father was connected with railroading, and died in Columbia, at the home of his son, on Aug. 25, 1868, at the age of sixty-three years, one month and twenty-one days. The mother passed away Dec. 6, 1875, at the age of BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 557 sixty-six years and eleven days. Both parents were worthy members of the Presbyterian Church, and in that faith reared a family of six children, these be- ing : John and Edward, twins, the former a resident of Baltimore, Md., the latter deceased; Emma and Fanny, twins, both deceased ; Mary J., Mrs. George W. Hoover, who, witli her husband, is now dead ; and George Lewis. When Mr. Lyle was but two years old his par- ents moved to Indiana, but they i-eturned to Colum- bia two years later, and he was reared on a farm, while he received his education in the public schools. Before entering upon railroad work he. was employed for some two years in a saw mill, but he found bet- ter opportunities on the road, became a brakeman in the employ of the Pennsylvania lines and in 1861 was made a conductor. During the great strike in 1877 Mr. Lyle resigiaed his position, later accepting a similar one with the Reading Railroad. Although Mr. Lyle had spent many years in rail- roading and was most highly regarded by all with whom he had business relations, his family desired him to make a change, and in 1891, in deference to their wishes, he resigned his lucrative position, and the next year was appointed justice of the peace, having served as constable of Columbia during i878-79-and-8o. Many quite important cases were brought before Ju.stice Lyle, and all were adjusted without appeal to a higher court. On Sept. 19, 18,67, ^^li"- Lyle was married to Anna M. Ranck, and the children of this union are: William D. deceased ; Ella M., who married Henry E. KHne, of Columbia ; .Samuel E. ; Mary J., who married Charles Fine and is now dead, leaving one child, who lives with Mr. Lyle ; John W. ; Anna S. ; George P. ; Frances- M. ; Joseph C, and Fred T., all living at home ; and Jessie L., deceased. The par- ents of Mrs. Lyle, Jesse and Sarah (Shultz) Ranck, were old residents of Paradise township. The par- ents were of German descent. Her father's death occurred in Ohio, after a number of years spent in Columbia, in the saddlery business. In his political affiliations Mr. Lyle is a Demo- crat, as was his father before him. In 1902, through political changes, Mr. Lyle lost his office of justice, and has since acted as notary public in Columbia. He is becoming unable to perform much labor, as in 1898 he was partly paralyzed. In Columbia, where they are all known, the family is most highly esteemed, and Mr. Lyle is considered a representative citizen. WILLIAM K. BENDER. The founder of the Bender family came from Germany, a country which has contributed to Lancaster county many of its best citizens. David Bender, the founder, located a large tract of land in Upper Leacock township and became a large land owner there and a very pronounced Fed- eralist, always advocating the rights of the colonies. He was successful in many lines of business, was the owner of superior horses and operated a dis- tillery, the product of which he marketed himself in Philadelphia and in Pittsburg. As a stanch sup- porter of the Lutheran Church he was highly es- teemed, and at an advanced age he passed away, and his is among the earlier tombs in the old Heller burying-ground, where many of his descendants also rest. Two . sons and two daughters survived him: Susan and Elizabeth, who never married; John, who followed closely in the footsteps of his father, lived out his life in Upper Leacock town- ship and there reared a family; and George, the grandfather of William K., of this biography. Grandfather George Bender married a member of the Kinzer family, which came from England, and they reared a most estimable family, their son, Kinzer D. Bender, becoming a power in Lancaster count3^ For many years Kinzer D. Bender was as- sociated in the closest bonds of friendship with that great statesman of Pennsylvania, Thaddeus Ste- vens, and with him held strong views on the slavery question and other subjects of public morality. At the time of which we write, it was the universal practice through the farming regions to supply in- toxicants to the assistants who helped in the hay- ing and harvesting, and to take a firm stand against the practice was almost as serious a business as it was to break one of the old laws of the Medes and Persians. However, Kinzer D. Bender was a man of principle and he took his stand against the cus- tom and was forced to bear the brunt of much in- dignation and misrepresentation. As a financier he was highly regarded, and was welcomed as a direc- tor in some of the leading banks of the county ; and as a farmer, he was one of the first to place im- proved machinery on his estate. The free school system received his hearty support, and all schemes for the advancement of his section met with his approbation. To his church, of the Lutheran faith, he was generous, and only those nearest him knew of his charities. His life was extended to eighty- two years, his death occurring in 1890. Among the children left by this most worthy and honored citizen were : Franklin, a resident of Mechanicsburg ; John W., deceased, who left one son, who resides near Heller's Church, in Upper Leacock township ; William K. ; and Mary, the wife of Jacob Burkholder, who resides near Mechanics- burg, all of them being among the esteemed resi- dents of the county. William K. Bender was reared on the farm and had the advantages resulting from his father's intelligent companionship. At the out- break of the Civil war he enlisted as sergeant in Co. B., r22 P. V. I., and took part in the battles of Chantilly, the second battle of Bull Run, Fredericks- burg and Chancellorsville, and in all of the skir- mishes in which his regiment- was engaged. At Chancellorsville he was painfully wounded by a minie ball, but remained at his post until the regi- ment was relieved. 558 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY For many years William K. Bender was con- nected as a director with the Susquehanna Iron Company, of Columbia, and when it, with the Leb- anon Iron Company, with which he was also con- nected was absorbed by the combination now known as the American Iron and Steel jVEanufacturing Company, he continued to be financially interested. As a prominent citizen he is connected with many of the financial institutions of the county, is a director in the Lititz Agricultural Mutual Fire In- surance Company of Lancaster county and is one of its active promoters. His interest in education equals that of his father, and in early manhood he taught in the public schools in his native county for two years, i860 and 1861, giving that up in 1862 to respond to his country's call as a volunteer in sup- port of the administration which received his first vote. Later he served on the school board for many years, and has advocated many reforms in the county. In 1865 William K. Bender was married to Elizabeth A. Hartman, of German and French de- scent and from a most worthy and honorable fam- ily. At the time of their marriage both were con- nected with the M. E. Church and were untiring workers in the Sunday-school field, in both church and union schools, county and village, advocating that the period for retirement only comes when the workman is called to his reward, and this spirit has been imbibed by their three daughters. Mr. Ben- der's passion for music, both vocal and instrumental, was marked, and he found no higher enjoyment than that which grows from its acquisition and ren- dering. He has advocated its cultivation in the public schools as one of the refining forces in mold- ing and elevating society. In his family he has in- sisted upon a higher education for his children as a sure and safe investment, the pleasure imparted re- paying for the time and expense involved. The eldest is a graduate of the Collegiate Institute in Hackettstown, N., J. ; the second, of the Woman's College, in Baltimore, while the third is a senior in Dickinson Seminary at Williamsport, Pennsylvania. ABRAHAM W. ENGLE, an old and highly respected farmer, at present living in retirement, was born Aug. 28, 1835, in Conoy township, on the farm where he now resides, a son of the Rev. Jacob S. and Barbara (Wolgemuth) Engle. The father, who was born on an adjoining farm, was married in 1833, and came to the present home- stead in 1834. For many years he was a preacher of the River Brethren Church, having served for forty-nine years in a clerical capacity ; he also taught school. From 1870 until his death, Feb. 13, 1894, he lived retired. At his demise he was eighty-five years and three months old; his widow survived him for a time, dying Dec. 18, 1900, at the age of eighty-eight years and eleven months. They were members of the River Brethren Church, and were interred in the East Donegal cemetery. To them were born the following children: Abraham W., born Aug. 28, 1835 ; Fanny W., Jan. 16, 1837, who died young; Daniel W., Nov. 2, 1839, who died young ; Barbara W., Oct. 7, 1841 ; Jacob W., Feb. 5, 1844 ; David W., Aug. 8, 1846, who married, first Fanny Nissley, and second, Maria Sallenberger, and died June 28, 1890; Anna W., Jan. 15, 1851, who married Amos B. Musser, the treasurer and a trustee of the Messiah House, at Harrisburg. The paternal grandparents of A. W. Engle were Jacob and Martha (Strickley) Engle, farming people of Lancaster county. His maternal grandparents were Daniel and Barbara (Witmer) Wolgemuth, also farming people of this county. Abraham W. Engle and Fanny Hoffman were married in Lancaster Nov. 12, 1863, and to their union were born the following children: Irwin H., born Feb. 18, 1865, died Oct. 17, 1896, aged thirty-one years, who married Amanda StaufFer, and had one daughter, Lizzie S. ; Martin H., born Jan. 21, 1867, died Feb. 20, 1867; Hiram H., born July 24, 1868, who married Emma Herr and is farming at the old homestead ; Anna, born Jan. 23, 1870, who married E. Hershey, of East Donegal township, and has three children, Engle, Harry and Abraham. Mrs. Fanny (Hoffman) Engle was born in East Donegal township, July 31, 1843, is a daughter of Christian and Anna (Snyder) Hoffman, both na- tive to Lancaster county, and is a lady of many genial and admirable traits. Her father died April 19, 1873, o"^ the old family homestead in East Done- gal township, which he had spent his life cultivating. The mother died in Conoy township, Dec. 24, 1893, at the age of seventy-nine years, and was buried in Boslers Meeting House cemetery in West Donegal township, where her husband had been interred years before. They were members of the River Brethren Church, and had the following children: Eli, who married Fanny Lindermuth, and is a re- tired farmer in Dickinson county, Kan. ; Mary, who died young; Christian, who lives in Kansas and married Lizzie Garber ; Fanny ; Anna, the wife of John Forney, who is in the creamery business in Abilene, Kan. ; Lizzie ; Martha, the wife of John Shank, a farmer of Conoy township; Henry, who married Lizzie Nissley, who is dead. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Engle were John and Fanny (Engle) Hoffman, farmer-folk of Lancaster county, as were her maternal grandparents, Henry and Mary (Witmer) Snyder. Abraham W. Engle remained at home with his parents until he reached the age of twenty-eight years, when he went into Dauphin county and spent six years in farming. After the end of that period he came back to Conoy township, and settled on his present homestead, where he has since remained, and where he has achieved a decided success as a farmer and as a business man, being widely known for his sterling manhood and unswerving honesty. The farm on which he is located has been in the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 559 Engle family for more than a hundred years. Mr. Engle is a Republican, and is a worthy represent- ative of one of the good old families of Lancaster ■county. AMOS HUBER. Not only is Lancaster county the home of some of the best farmers in the State, l)Ut it also can claim a number of successful horti- culturists, who have demonstrated that some of the finest peaches and melons placed on the market can be profitably grown in this part of the State. Among those whose success has made them prominent is Amos Huber, who has become known through horti- cultural circles for his successful methods of culti- vating fruits of all kinds, and for especially fine specimens of peaches and melons. Amos Huber can claim an ancestry that reaches back many years, when it originated in Switzer- land, from which country came his great-grand- father, who located in Lancaster county, near Mar- ticville. Peter Huber, the father of Amos Huber, was born and reared in the southern part of this •county and spent the greater part of his life in Martic and Little Britain townships, but about thir- teen years previous to his death, he removed to East Lampeter township, where he died Aug. ii, 1855, at the age of fifty-nine years and ten months. His principal occupation was farming, although as he grew older, he often occupied himself in working for ■others when his services were needed. Peter Huber was married to Susan Huber, of Lampeter township, a daughter of Henry Huber, and to them was born a family of eight children: Fannie, now deceased, the wife of Henry Hartman, of Lancaster county; Martha, the widow of John Ressler, of Lancaster ; Mary, deceased, wife of Fred- erick Seidofif, of Lancaster county; Susannah, who is the wife of Abraham Lautz, of Lexington, Rich- land county, Ohio. ; Annie, of Strasburg township ; Amos ; Leah, deceased wife of Joseph Nissley, who lives near Hagerstown, Md. ; and Lizzie, unmar- ried, who lives with her brother. Amos Huber was born in Little Britain township, this county, Feb. 28, 1841, and was but one year old when his parents removed to West Lampeter town- ship, and there he remained until he had attained Tiis legal majority. His education was received in the public schools, but he had only reached the age of fourteen, when his father died, and he was com- pelled to take up the battle of life for himself. For a lad of but fourteen that is a serious matter, and thus Amos found it, but he was an honest, indus- trious boy, and soon obtained employment on the neighboring farms by the year. After he was sev- enteen he found it more advantageous to work by the ■day and continued thus, until in his twenty-first year he decided to learn the millwright trade; as that lend his influence for the public good. Philip Meek was married on Dec. 4, 1851, to Esther Wade, a daughter of John and Susan (War- fel) Wade, who was born in Strasburg township May 24, 1824 ; to this union has been born a family of nine children, many of them among the most re- spected citizens of this county : - George W., the farmer on the homestead, who married Mary Ervin and has a family of three children, Ella, Elmer and Mable; Martha, who married Benjamin Brubaker, near Freeport, III, and has three children, Ralph, Elva and Nora; Susan, who married Adam Tout, of the vicinity of Columbia, and has four children, Arthur, Laura, Chester and Bessie; Amos W., of Providence township, who married Lillie Mowrer 574 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and has four children, Edna, Margie, Lester and an infant daughter; Mary Ann and Hettie, twins, the former of whom married Ephraim Kauffman, of Manor township, and has two children, Ralph and Benjamin; and the latter married to Christian L. Herr, of Lancaster township, with four children, Paul, Esther, Elizabeth and Mary ; Emma, at home ; Aaron J., a farmer near Freeport, 111., who married Emma Shoemaker and has two children, Clarence and Titus ; and Lizzie, married to J. Newton Rohrer, of Strasburg,with two children, Jay and Esther. Both Mr. Meek and his worthy wife have long been connected with the Old Mennonite Church, where they possess the esteem of all; and no family in the community stands in higher respect. ISAAC PHENEGAR, of Strasburg township, is one of the representative citizens of Lancaster county. His maternal grandfather, Richard Glass, was the founder of the family in this locality, and came from his home in Derry, Ireland, and located here with his wife, who had been Miss Martha Watts, a member of the family so well known through their musical contributions to the various church hymnals. Richard Glass and his family settled in Lancaster county about 1804, and here he lived until his death, in 1842. He left a family of seven children : James, who removed to Iowa and died there; Joseph, who located in Utah and died there ; John, who removed to Illinois and died in SterHng; Richard, who lived and died in Iowa; Mary, who married John Petrie and moved to Ohio; Ann, who became the wife of Benjamin Phenegar and the mother of Isaac, of this biography (later married to John Ferguson) ; and Elizabeth, who married Henry Sides, of Paradise and Strasburg townships. Ann (Glass) Phenegar was born in Strasburg township and died at the home of hej son, in 1884, at the age of seventy-two. She had two children, Isaac, and James, who died in infancy. The birth of Isaac Phenegar occurred Jan. 4, 1832, and he was reared in his native place and at- tended the common schools, but at an early ag;e_he began to earn his own way in the world, beginning by doing odd jobs and assisting on farms, later en- tering a store and becoming a clerk. It was remarked that whatever Isaac attempted to do he did well, and when, on reaching the age of eighteen, he an- nounced his intention of fitting himself for the pro- fession of a teacher, his associates knew that he would accomplish it. After a winter spent in study he was found able to pass examinations satisfactorily, and for the following ten years was one of the most capable among the youngi:eachers of Lancaster coun- ty, in the meantime being prepared by study and intelligent application for a very different line of work. In 1863 Mr. Phenegar became the manager of the Strasburg Railroad, and served efficiently in this capacity for the succeeding ten years, at the end of which period he leased the road and operated it on his own responsibility for the following fifteen years. About this time he became interested in the First National Bank of Strasburg, with which institution he has been connected as a director to the present time. In connection with his business in railroad matters he conducted a warehouse and dealt in all kinds of grain, coal, etc., and also engaged ex- tensively in tobacco packing, managing all these lines with the intelligence which leads to success. In 1863 Mr. Phenegar was married to Miss El- mira Weaver, a daughter of John and Sarah Weaver, of Paradise township, and he and his wife are the parents of three daughters : Anna, who married J. C. Mylin, the railroad agent located at Leaman Place, and has three children — ^Arthui', Donald and Ever- ett ; Emma Eugenie, who married Willis C. Herr, of Lampeter, and has two children, Robert P. and Richard; and Eva, who married Rev. Joseph H. Earp, assistant rector of St. James Episcopal Qiurch," of Lancaster, and has two children, Marjorie and John. For some thirty years Mr. Phenegar has been the talented chorister of the M. E. Church in Stras- burg and has been prominent in the affairs of that denomination and a leader in educational and re- ligious circles in the community. Mr. Phenegar has efficiently filled the office of school director for the past six years and during his residence in Para- dise township was a justice of the peace. As one of the most active and progressive business men of this part of Lancaster county he has gained the con- fidence and esteem of its citizens, and they see in his career the results of honesty, energy and appli- cation, and the rewards of an exemplary life. SAMUEL ALEXANDER, a farmer and mer- chant of Mount Nebo, Martic township, is one of its honorable and esteemed citizens. He was born in Martic township June 20, 1848, .son of John and Susan (Zarocher) Alexander, of Martic township, of Scotch-Irish descent. John Alexander, the father, was a son of John, and one of a family of six children, viz., Samuel, David, James, Thomas, John and Rachel, all de- ceased. He was born in 1803, married Susan Za- rocher in 1829, and died in 1877. They had a family of seven children, namely: Maris, who was killed while in the service of his country, during the Civil war ; Martha, the wife of Amos Walton, of Fulton township ; Mary, the widow of Lewis Jenkins ; Sam- uel ; Rebecca J., the wife of Henry Marsh, of Lan- caster; John A., of Mount Nebo; Calvin, deceased. Samuel Alexander is a leading citizen of Martic township. His early rearing on the farm gave Mm a taste and inclination toward an agricultural life, and after finishing his school course, he engaged' in iarming and still owns several well' improved farms in his vicinity. Mr. Alexander also conducts a first-claas general store in that locality, and is the postmaster of Mount Nebo, having beeit appointed RIOGRAPHIGAI. ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 575 by ex-President Cleveland. In politics he has long been recognized as an important factor in the Demo- cratic party and at one time was the choice of the party for the State Senate. In all matters pertain- ing to the progress and advancement of his locality, Mr. Alexander takes a deep interest and is known as both liberal and public-spirited. On Oct. 20, 1870, Mr. Alexander married Miss Jennie M. Hagen, of Martic township, born April 3, 1847, daughter of Elijah and Sarah Hagen, and this marriage has been blessed with eleven children, ten of whom still survive, as follows: Chester L., born in 1871, of Chicago; Maris C, born in 1872; Curtis, born in 1873 ; Gertrude, born in 1875, the wife of William ToUinger, of Fulton township ; Minnie E., born in 1876, at home; Emma, born in 1878, the wife of Ra,y Neel, of Mount Nebo ; Walter S., bprn in 1881 ; Harry B.,, born in 1883.; Manie, born in 1884, and Charles, born in 1885. John C, born in 1879, died at the age of two years. Mr. and Mrs. Alexander are leading members of the Methodist church, where they both are active in good works. He is one of the stewards of that body and is honored and respected by a very large circle of acquaintances. Mr. Alexander is identified with these fraternal societies : The I. O. O. F., of Rawlinsville ; the K. of P., of the same place; and Lodge No. 158, Mystic Chain, of Mount Nebo, ADDISON B. LONGENECKER. For many years Addison B. Longenecker, the owner of 120 acres of some of the choicest and best improved land in Lancaster county, followed the plow, planted and sowed and in due season reaped a bountiful harvest, but now he lives a somewhat retired life, enjoying the results of his former industry and ac- tivity. The Long^enecker family originally came from Switzerland, the country which has sent to Penn- sylvania some of her best citizens. Addison was born Dec. 2"], 1841, a son of Jacob and Sallie (Bar- doff) Longenecker, of Ephrata township. To them a . large family was born : Susannah, who died in childhood; Fiaiina, who married Samuel Schlote; Henry, a retired farmer of Ephrata township ; Addi- son ; Mary Ann married to Ai^drew M. Baker ; Al- len, who resides in Adams county; Serena, who mar- tied John Bender ; and Emma, who married Samuel Rupp. Addison B. Longenecker was reared on a farm in,. Warwick township and attended the common schools of his district, starting out in life for him- self with very limited means. How€ver> he possessed industry and energy and with those levers he moved events and put aside diificulties until now he is con- sidered one of the substantial men of the community. This is an excellent thing, but Mr. Longenecker pos- sesses much more than a fine, well cultivated farm, for he is, held in esteem by the neighbors among whom his life has been passed and they regard him as a valued frieOid,, ever ready tO: extend a hand to help, and as an upright man in all his dealings with others. The marriage of Mr. Longenecker occurred in 1871, when he was united to Miss Katherine Shirk, born Jan. 16, 1849, a- daughter of Emanuel and Katherine Shirk, and to this union one child has come, Sallie, born Sept. 19, 1880. J. MAETIN GOOD, a wealthy and respected farmer of Bart township, Lancaster county, was born at his present home in that township. May 6, 1849, aiid is a son of Samuel and Eliza (Hollis) Good. His parents were both natives of Chester county, where the father was born Oct. 18, 1799, and the mother. May 20, 1804. She was a daughter of George and Nancy ( Moore) Hollis, both of whom were born in Chester county, Pennsylvania. Samuel Good was a son of Andrew and Anna (Boyle) Good. She was born in Chester county, and came of Irish pa,rentage. Andrew Good was born in Germany. He settled in West Fallowfield, Chester county, before the Revolutionary war. Two broth- ers accompanied him to America ; one settled on the Schuylkill river, near Philadelphia, and the other moved to Reading, where he lived remote from the two. Andrew Good settled on a farm, where he lived and died. He was the father of seven children, (i) Grace Good, born in Chester county, died at the old home in her ninetieth yea,r, unmarried. (2) Polly Good, born in Chester county, married Thomas Pearcall, a merchant of Baltimore, and became the mother of three children: John, Isaac, and Juliet, who married S. R. Wright, all of Baltimore. (3) Darlington Good, born in Chester county, married Sarah Hoar, and moved to Henry county, 111., where he died. They had the following family: Alban, Sarah, Darlington, Samuel, and Emma, who married a Mr. Morris, of Illinois. (4) Emma Good, born in Chester county, mar- ried James Turnbolt, and moved to Henry county, 111., where she died, leaving two children, Sarah and Darlington, a prominent man of Chicago. (5) Sarah Good, born in Chester county, is the widow of Samuel Finley, who passed his later years at Quarryville, where he died leaving the following children: Echnos; James, deceased; Lewis, who died in the Civil war; Samuel, of Chester county; Mary, who married Mr. Kimbell, and lives in Quarryville; John, of Chester county; and Martin, of Mechanicsburg, (6) Jane Good died unmarried. (7) Jacob Good married Sarah Davis, also a na- tive of Chester county, settled in Chester county, on the original Good home where he was bom, and left the following children: Mary, the wife of Martin Espenheim, living in Chester county; Davis, de- ceased; Emeline, the widow of John Wilson, of Philadelphia; Sarah, the widow of Dr. Goman, of Coatesville; Ellis, who lives in Atglen; Elmira, a resident of Philadelphia. (8) Samuel Good; the father of J. Martin, was rgared in Chester coun,ty, where he was given a 576 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY common-school education, and bred to a farming life. In 1830 he married Eliza Mollis, and lived for a year in Bart Valley. In 1832 he bought the farm en which his son is now established near Bartville, in the township of Bart ; this he cleared with the as- sistance of his son, made extensive improvements, and erected the buildings which are now standing on the place. In 1880 he removed to Christiana, where he lived retired, to the time of his death in 1889. His wife died at the farm home in 1863. They were members of the Presbyterian Church in Octoraro. Politically he was a Democrat, and held a number of local offices at different times in his active and useful life. He was one of the first free school trustees of Bart township. To him and his excellent wife came the following family : (i) J. F. Good, born in Bart township in 1833, married Miss Mary Mundenhall, of Bart township, and for a number of years he worked at the carpenter trade. During the Civil war he served in the State militia during the Rebel raid into Pennsylvania. For some ten years he worked at farming, and in 1872 moved to Renova, Clinton county, where he is em- ployed in the shops of the Pennsylvania Railroad. Of his children, Clara, the oldest, is the wife of Charles Van Gordan, of Renova; Florence is the widow of Charles Young, of Renova; Abraham lives at Altoona ; George lives at Lancaster, N. Y. ; Albert is in Renova; Jenietta is the wife of Isaac Gates, of Renova ; Ella is at home. (2) Anna E. Good, born Aug. 27, 1835, is the widow of John McGovan, of Sadsbury township, and has one son, John W., who is a farmer in Sads- bury township. (3) Sarah J. Good, born in June, 1837, is un- married, and lives at the old home in Chester county, where she is a dress maker with a pleased and con- stant patronage. (4) W. H. Good, born Jan. 5, 1840, a business man of Philadelphia, married Miss Sally Maloy, and has one son. Dr. A. P. Good, of that city. (5) Mary L. Good, born May 15, 1842, is unmar- ried, and lives in Chester county. (6) Samuel R. Good, born June 21, 1844, mar- ried Miss Marv Moore, of Bart township, and lived with her in Brooklyn, N. Y., where he is a contractor and builder. The wife died in Philadelphia, leaving three children, Washington, Nellie and Wilson. (7) Washington Good, born Nov. 20, 1846, en- listed in Co. D, 2d Pa. Cav., and died at Camp Stone- man, Va., April 20, 1864. J. Martin Good began life as a farmer boy, was educated in the local schools, and when only four- teen years of age had charge of his father's farm. In connection with farming he has followed for many years the business of an auctioneer. Mr. Good was married Dec. 25, 1879, to Mary E., the daughter of Patrick and Susan (McNeal) Swisher. She was born in Eden township, Sept. 10, 1855. After their marriage the young couple lived on the old homestead, which has been their residence to the present time. To this marriage have come two daughters: Ellen Maud, born Feb. 20, 1882, graduated from the Quarryville high school, and now a successful teacher in Bart township, hold- ing a first-grade certificate and enjoying a reputation of more than the usual ability ; Malissa May, bom Jan. 7, 1886, a student in the Bartville high school. Mr. Good has been prominently identified with the Republican party, and at different times has held various local and town offices. In 1890 he was made census enumerator for Bart township, and for ten years has been road commissioner. He has long been a judge of the elections, and was actively asso- ciated with the building of the Central high school of Bart township. He and his wife are members of Middle Octoraro Presbyterian Church. He is an industrious and hard working man, an upright citi- zen, and a kind neighbor. His neighbors speak warmlv of his many good qualities and sympathetic spirit, and he enjoys the hearty and unstinted re- spect of the community in which his life is passing. FREDERICK BUCHER. In reviewing the lives of successful men the keynote that has gained fame and confidence for them is not uncommonly sought. Some men win as plodders, others by dash and brilliancy. In his earlier life, at least, Frederick Bucher was a man of action. He possessed the cour- age to choose for himself, to create opportunities rather than to become their creation, and this faculty,, with his keen sagacity, has contributed immensely to his success. As one of the wealthiest, most pros- perous citizens of Columbia, a brief outline of his career is especially interesting. Mr. Bucher was born in Deggingen, Wurtem- berg, Germany, Sept. 18, 1830, son of Joseph Maxi- milian and Barbara (Bernauer) Bucher, and was well educated in his youth in his native town. His father was a prosperous merchant, and at fifteen Frederick entered the paternal dry-goods store and grocery as a clerk. A year later he assumed the management of a carbonic spring, the property of his father, located at Ditzenbach, near Deggingen. Here he rernained six years, gaining a knowledge of business and men which has stood him in good stead in the varied business interests in which he has since engaged. In 1852 Mr. Bucher's name, with many others, was placed in the "army wheel," but the drawing of Deggingen's recruits was completed without his name appearing in the lists, he having drawn a number which cleared him from military service. In the fall of the following year he sailed for the new world beyond the sea, where he hoped to build a home for himself, make new friends, and a fortune, all of which he has realized beyond his most sanguine expectations. Landing at New York, he did not at once find occupation which suited, the offer of a clerkship at eighteen dollars a month be- ing the best that was offered him. Visiting an ac- quaintance in Philadelphia, he found desirable em- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 577 ployment in that city also beyond his reach. Learn- ing that (jeorge Tille, whom he had known at Deg- gingen, resided in Columbia, the ambitious voung man started for that borough, which he reached in the winter of 1853. Mr. Tille was a clerk in the hard- ware store of Jonas Rumple, and there the newly arrived emigrant started up the ladder of success in America. For seven months he remained with Mr. Rumple, and at the end of that time accepted a better position with Henry Pf abler, also a hardware mer- chant of the borough, with whom he remained seven years. In 1858, deciding to seek his fortunes in the far West, he resigned his position with Mr. Pfahler and started overland for California. In the vicinity of Salt Lake City their camp, consisting of fifteen men, was suddenly attacked one evening by Indians. There was a vigorous defense, which gradually Slackened until Mr. Bucher and one other man were the only survivors of the party. Favored by the darkness which had come on during the fighting they fled and made good their escape. Mr. Bucher finally reached New Orleans, but finding that the city was suffering from an epidemic of yellow fever, he de- cided to give it a wide berth, and shipped on a vessel for Havana. However, the vessel was not allowed to land, as several cases of smallpox had developed on board. He then returned to Columbia, via New York City, and re-entered the employ of Mr. Pfahler. He became owner in a patented stove, but in 1859 the pat- terns were destroyed by fire and he had no means to pay for new ones, consequently the stove enter- prise proved a clear failure. This, however, was Mr. Bucher's first and only financial failure, and re- sulted in his staying with Mr. Pfahler as a clerk two years longer. In 1861 he accepted a position in the hardware store of J. W. Cottrell, with whom and his successors he remained five years. In 1866 he started in the grocery and hardware business for him- self at the corner of Fourth and Locust streets, Col- umbia, which he continued successfully for twenty years. He also became largely interested in real estate in Columbia, and is now one of the most ex- tensive real-estate owners there, in addition to other property, owning over fifty residences. He is a prac- tical builder, and his houses have been constructed under his direct supervision. In politics Mr. Bucher is a Republican, and has alwavs given his party a hearty and liberal support. He was elected a member of the borough council in 1884, and the following year served as its president. Fraternally he is a member of the I. O. O. F., hav- ing joined" Susquehanna Lodge, No. 80, in 1856, and has passed through all the chairs ; of the A. O. M. P., with which he has been afiiliated since 1874, and in which organization he has also filled all the executive offices; and of Lancaster Lodge, No. 134, B. P. O. E. As president of the Columbia Rod and Gun Club he has ably served that society, and is still one of its most enthusiastic and prominent supporters. On Sept. 13, 1862, Mr. Bucher enlisted in Com- 37 pany A, 2d P. V. I., and went with his regiment to Chambersburg, where it remained until Sept. i8th, when it went to Hagerstown, and thence three miles out in the Williamsport road, where it formed in line of battle and remained there twenty-four hours. It then moved a mile farther and went into camp, but the same evening started for Greencastle, taking cars for Harrisburg, where Mr. Bucher, with the rest of the regiment, was mustered out of the service Sept. 25th. In T863 Mr. Bucher was the eighth man drafted in the army from the First ward of Columbia, but secured exemption, as the ward filled the quota. As a subsequent draft in the same year, his name was again the eighth to be drawn, and this time he paid $300 for exemption. In addition to' his mercantile and real-estate in- terests, Mr. Bucher has been prominently identified with a number of successful business enterprises. For years he has been a director of the Keeley Stove Works, of Columbia, and for a time served as treas- urer of the Columbia Laundry Machine Co. He was also for a good many years treasurer of the New York Building & Loan Association. Mr. Bucher has been an enthusiastic traveler, having visited Europe, Canada, the West Indies, and all parts of the United States. In 1880 he made an extended trip through Europe, revisiting his old home, and meeting his mother and three sisters, from whom he had long been separated. Two brothers had followed him to America, Christian in 1853, and Max in 1858, both now deceased. Mr. Bucher is one of the wealthiest citizens of Columbia, but has not, however, forgotten the Christian precepts of his early training, and the Golden Rule has guided his life. He has been generous in the distribution of his means for the public good. A kind and loving father and husband, a faithful and efficient public official, honest and just to his fellowmen, he ranks as one of Columbia's most prominent and influential citizens. He is actively interested in the affairs of life, and his beautiful home on Locust street, oppo- .site the city park, contains a well selected library and many curios of interest. His disposition is com- panionable and genial, his observations keen and practical, and few men are better liked for their individual worth and personal character. In i860 Mr. Bucher married Miss Louisa Bartsch, daughter of Michael Bartsch, of Chestnut Hill, Lancaster county, and to this union have been born four children, viz. : Mary, who resides at home ; Frederick C, who is a practicing physician in Co- lumbia, and married Miss Estella Brant; Emilie, who married Dr. J. W. Grove, and resides in Colum- bia ; and William, a druggist in Columbia, where he has two fine drug stores. BENJAMIN Z. WITMER, a general farmer of Mt. Joy township, was born in that township July 2, 1858. son of John and brother of David Witmer, of Elizabethtown. 578 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OP LANCASTER COUNTY The education of Mr. Witmer was obtained in the district schools, and until his marriage he resided with his parents. Following this event, he began farming on his own account on his father's land, operating the home farm for three years, moving then to his well-cultivated farm of twenty-seven acres, upon which he has remained until the present time. Mr. W'itmer belongs to the Republican party. His religious connection is with the German Bap- tist Church. On Dec. 23, 1880, Mr. Witmer was married (first) in Manheim, Pa., to Miss Malinda B. Gar- man, born in Mt. Joy township, who died May i, 1895 and was buried in Mt. Tunnel cemetery. She was a daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth Garman, the former of whom was a carpenter in Lancaster coun- ty, where both he and wife died. On Feb. 2, 1897, Mr. Witmer was married (second) in Mt. Joy town- ship, to A'liss Susan Kauffman, born in Penn town- ship in 1863, daughter of Abraham and Catherine (McMullen) Kauffman, of Lancaster county. Mr. Kauffman was a carpenter by trade and was a much respected man. His death occurred in 1880, at the age of forty-two years, his wife having died in 1872, at the age of thirty-four years. They both were laid to rest in White Oak Church cemetery. Their chil- dren were: Monroe, who is a carpenter, in Bren- nerville ; Lizzie, who married Samuel Ritter • and lives in Springfield, Ohio ; James, who resides in Rapho township ; Henry, a farmer near Pennville, Pa. ; Nathaniel, who lives in Lancaster ; Katie, mar- ried to Philip Waterman, of Rickersville, Pa. ; and Susan, the youngest of the family, who became Mrs. Witmer. Mr. and Mrs. Witmer have no children. Mr. Witmer is an excellent farmer, a good neigh- bor and a first-class citizen. He and his estimable wife have a large circle of warm friends in their com- munity. DANIEL S. VON NIEDA. As proprietor of one of the most popular summer hotels of Lancaster county, Daniel .S. Von Nieda has become acquainted not only with many citizens of Ephrata, but with a great number of intelligent and agreeable people ?rom various States, who have found in him a model liost ?nd genial gentleman whom they are glad to •call friend. The "Ephrata Springs Mountain House." located at Ephrata, is one of the most de- lightful summer resorts in that locality, situated near the summit of Ephrata mountain, in the midst of a hrge park of some 200 shade trees, and sup- plied with the. pure and invigorating water of Eph- rata Springs, which by many are considered very medicinal. Dnniel S. Von Nieda was born Dec. 23, 1844, son of the late Jacob and Catherine (Swartz) Von Nieda, of Cocalico township. The first ofthe Von Niedq family to arrive in America, were six broth- ers and one sister, namely: George, Martin, Jacob, Philip, Casper. Daniel and Catharine who left the Pfalz on the Rhine called Grammerchen in 1771. Of these Jacob settled at Adamstown, Lancaster county, Pa. Jacob was the father of John, Rudy, Philip (2nd), Jacob (2nd), Henry, Elizabeth, Mag- dalena, Anmarie, and Catharine (2nd). Of the above Philip (and) was the father of the following children: Solomon, Philip (3rd), Jacob (3rd), Elizabeth, Susanna, and William, all of whom have passed away. In 1842 Jacob Von Nieda (3), son of Philip (2), married Catherine Swartz, a daughter of Jacob and Mary (Pannabecker) Swartz, and to them were born five children: Daniel S. ; Jacob L., born in 1849, who died in childhood; J. Wesley, born in 1853, who married Sallie Boger, of Reading, Pa., and is a printer by trade ; Mary Emma, born in 1856, who married Rev. M. A. Salt, of Oberlin, Pa., a minister of prominence in the United Brethren Church ; and Richard W., born in 1858, a printer and publisher in Reading. Daniel S. Von Nieda was reared on a farm in his youth, and received his education in the public schools of Adamstown, beginning his business ca- leer as a photographer. During the Civil war he served eleven months as a drummer boy in the i9Sth P. V. I. In 1877 he started the Ephrata Review, ihe first newspaper published in Ephrata, in which enterprise his brother, J. Wesley Von Niedaj was associated with him. In 1881 he purchased the "Mountain House" at Ephrata, and for the last twent)^ years has been its successful proprietor, mak- ing it one of the most desirable resorts in that part of the State. On account of the vigilance which Mr. Von Nieda constantly exerts, and also his known pronounced prohibition views, this hotel has justly gained a reputation for respectability which makes it much sought after by those of refined and exclu- sive tastes. On Oct. 24, 1869, Daniel S. Von Nieda was mar- ried to Miss Sallie S. Zartman, a daughter of Will- iam and Annie (Singer) Zartman, and five sons have been born to this union, all of them children of whom their parents have reason to feel proud. These chil- dren are: Oscar L., born Jan. 27, 1871, who mar- ried Miss Sarah H. Landis, and is a farmer in Eph- rata; John W., born Dec. 15, 1873, an electrician; Harry J., born March 27, 1876, who is editor of the Ephrata Reporter, and resides at home ; Robert D., born Aug. 16, 1880, who assists his father; and Walter H., born Oct. 23, 1883, at home. As a business man and excellent citizen, Mr. Von Nieda stands high in the community, and socially he is known as a charitable and benevolent neighbor as well as a true Christian gentleman. NOAH L. GETZ. The first member of the Getz family to locate, in Lancaster county. Pa., where for many years its representatives have lived honest and honorable lives, was John Jacob Getz, who came to America, in the good ship "Dolphin," and landed in Philadelphia in 1738, his home having been in Pfalz, Germany. After a short residence in this country, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 579 he. went back to Germany, but finally returned and located in Lancaster county, settling on Chestnut Hill and occupying a large extent of country, some 400 or 500 acres, of the choicest land of this fertile county. Of an enterprising and progressive spirit, he favored many measures for public improvement, and in every way testified to the confidence he had in the future of the great country where he had found a hospitable home. The family born to this emigrant forefather con- sisted of many daughters and one son, Jacob, who became the great-grandfather of the present repre- sentatives of the name in Lancaster county. Great- grandfather Jacob Getz owned the old homestead, and in 18 18, after making proper provision for his numerous sisters, he built upon the place a large brick house and barn and suitable outbuildings, and also erected a barn upon the farm which is now in the possession of Noah L. On this same place in 1822 he built a house and also put up some buildings at the "Black Horse Hotel." The records show that he was a man of fertile mind and considerable ca- pacity, followed farming successfully and carried on a business in the manufacture of whip stocks, which were sold in Philadelphia. His family consisted of five sons : John, George, Peter, Harry, and Jacob : the large estate was divided between them, and all settled and married in that locality except ' George, who was of a more adventurous and restless spirit. Grandfather John Getz was born June 19, 1790, and died Nov. 18, 1842. He married Magdalina Gross, who was born Dec. 2, 1795, and died June 15, 1857. They owned 113 acres of the old homestead, together with thirty-seven acres of timber land, all of which now belongs to Noah L. Getz. During his life John Getz filled a number of situations accept- ably, being engaged in general farming, while he also taught school, and was called upon to serve as clerk at sales, his ability putting him far in advance of his neighbors. His family consisted of a daugh- ter, Lydia, and a son, Levi, the father of our subject. Levi Getz was born Dec. 28, 1827, and passed out of life Feb. 20, 1896. His wife was a representa- tive of another old and well-known, as well as nu- merous, family of Lancaster county, Maria L. Lan- dis, of Manheim township. After his marriage, in 1849, he succeeded to the property and became not only a prosperous farmer, but a noted stock raiser ; buying only thoroughbred stock and raising fine specimens of Holsteins, Shorthorns, Jerseys, and Devons, he was one of the leaders in this progressive industry in the county. The great and Itixuriant meadows of Lancaster county made the raising of fine cattle and stock a very profitable business, and Levi Getz was so encouraged that he went into the business of improving his other stock also, introduc- ing some of the best strains of hogs ever brought to Lancaster county. For a number of years he was one of the direc- tors in the Lancaster County National Bank and so much confidence was placed in him that he was se-" lected, at the death of Benjamin Landis, his father- in-law, to become .the guardian of the estate, and never was a trust more carefully fulfilled, or a great business matter better adjusted. Two children were born to Levi Getz and his wife ; Hiram L., a success- ful practicing physician of Marshalltown, Iowa ; and Noah L. Dr. Hirarn Landis Getz was born Nov. 14, 1850, in East Hempfield township, Lancaster county. His early education was gained, in the schools of that re- gion and then followed his professional studies m Philadelphia, where he was connected with various hospitals, was assistant and student under the noted surgeon, Dr. R. J. Levis, and was graduated from the Jefferson Medical College in 1874. He located at Marshalltown, Iowa. In addition to his regular professional work, the doctor has been at various times connected with life and accident companies ; has been county physician for Marshall county : is chief surgeon for the Iowa Central Railroad and is connected with a number of other Western roads ; was for three years a professor in the Iowa College of Physicians and Surgeons; and has held other professional positions in the state, too numerous to mention. Dr. Getz is a frequent contributor to medical and surgical journals and has invented a number of instruments and conveniences for professional use. Besides being prominent in various State societies, he was elected president of the International Association of Railway Surgeons, 1900-OT. In politics Dr. Gttz is independent; he has served on many State, boards and as postmaster of Marshalltown, always introducing many improve- ments and reforms. On May 27, 1874, Dr. Getz married Miss Mary E. Worley, and they have two children : N. y/or- ley, also a physician ; and Igerna M. Noah L. Get/, was' born April 9, 1852, and was reared on the farm and received his education in the public schools, having the advantages of a short term at the Manheim Academy. On Jan. 6, 1876, he was married tq Fannie H. Roher, of East Hempfield, who was born Nov. 28, 1856, and to them were born these children : Ferry R., a very bright young man, born in 1877, graduated from Marshall College,, of Lancaster City, in the class of 190.1 ; Noah R., horn in 1879, educated in the common schools and at present a student in the International School of Cor- respondence, at Scranton, Pa. ; Mable R., born in i88n educated' at the Manheim High School and graduated in the class of 1899 : Annis R., born in 1882, who died in 1886; John R., born in 1883, a student in the Manheim high school ; Maria R., born in 1885 ; Henry R., born in 1887; and Roher, born in 1891. This traces the Getz family in one line, and other information tells of the will of John Jacob, which was made in 1803, and mentions that his son Jacob was one of the keepers of the "Black Horse Hotel," and evidently erected the same. It is interesting to trace family connections with old landmarks and 580 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY much might be written which the limits of this bi- ography would not permit. When Noah L. Getz began life for himself he was twenty-six years old, and he and his wife settled on a tract of 120 acres of land which he had pur- chased from his father ; and upon this place he has made his home, and added many valuable improve- ments, in 1879 erecting tobacco sheds and several smaller buildings, and in 1890 erecting a fine modern brick residence, which is one of the most attractive homes in the county. In April, 1896, he succeeded to the old homestead, at which time he remodeled the buildings and now has one of the largest as well as one of the best equipped farms in the neighborhood. Mrs. Getz was the recipient of a fine property, al- most adjoining the homestead, which was presented to her on her birthday, in 1899, the two together placing in the family the largest farm in Lancaster county. Mr. Getz has dealt largely in tobacco, also in walnut lumber, and is one of the largest dealers in stock and cattle in the county. Prominent in many ways, he is a member and stockholder in the Lititz Turnpike Co., and is considered one of the best representative men of I^ancaster county. JAMES M. WILSON, a retired farmer of East Drumore township, was born in York county, "Pa., July 8, 1822, son of John and Charlotte (Watt) Wilson. John Wilson was born in York county in 1796, and his wife was born in Chester county in 1795. John was the son of James and Eleanor (Hutchin- son) Wilson, who were born in York and Chester counties respectively, and who reared a family of five children, three sons and two daughters : John, father of our subject; James, who moved to Ohio, and died there ; David, who lived and died on the old homestead in York county ; Elizabeth, who died unmarried in York county; and Margaret, who became ihe wife of John Collins, who died in York county. John Wilson, father of our subject, first settled on a farm in York county, but in 1824 he moved to the southern part of Lancaster county, where he followed farming until his death in July, 1886, in his ninetv-first year; his wife died at their home in 1874. They were members of the United Presby- terian church and were devout Christians. They left two sons: James and John D., the latter fwho is unmarried) being a prominent and wealthy man of Lancaster county, whose early life was spent as a farmer, but who afterward engaged as a merchant in Drumore township ; so continuing until 1861 when he was appointed deputy sheriff, and moved to Lancaster ; he has also held several other offices, and is now living retired. James M. Wilson grew to manhood on his father's farm, and was educated in the public schools. He remained on the farm until his mar- riage, in November, 1876, to Miss Jane Thompson, daughter of Miller and Mary (Watt) Thompson, pioneers of Lancaster county. Mr. Wilson located on his father's homestead where he remained until the spring of 1884, when he purchased his present fine farm which joins the borough of Quarry ville. It is one of the well cultivated and desirable places of the section, and has a large brick residence and fine out buildings of all kinds. It was here that Mr. Wilson's first wife died, in 1892, leaving no children. In 1893 Mr. Wilson married for his second wife, Mrs. Harriet E. (Thompson) Catfip- bell, widow of Dr. John C. Campbell, who in life was a prominent physician of the county. Mrs. Wilson was born Jan. 14, 1844, in Colerain town- ship, whither her parents, George B. and Mary ("Snyder) Thompson, of Chester county, had moved. The lady is well educated, and for twenty years was a teacher in the public schools. She had two children by her first husband: Anna D., born in 1869, who married Walter Scott, and has one child, Helen E. ; and Bailey C, born in 1872, who is now a resident of Harrisburg, and has one son,. John. Mrs. Wilson is the granddaughter of Francis and Mary (Black) Thompson, and her maternal great -grandparents were George and Hannah (Ross) Black, while her paternal great-grand- parents were Col. James and Lj'dia F. (Bailey) Thompson, of Revolutionary fame. Col. James Thompson was born in Sadsbury township in 1745,. and died in the same township in February, 1807. His wife, Lydia F. Bailey, was born in 1750, and died in 1806. Mr. and Mrs. Wilson have no children. In religion they are members of the United Presbyterian church, of which both he and his brother have been strong supporters for a number of years. His father, John Wilson, was one of the early members of the United Presbyterian church of Martic township, and • attended it for many years, holding various offices in it. Mr. Wilson has also filled positions of trust and honor in the same church, and is one of its foremost members. Volumes might be written of his Christian benevolence and charity. He is a man of integrity and honor, and well thought of by all who know him. HENRY CLAY GEMPERLING, the popular court crier, lives in a beautiful home which he has erected on a part of the estate owned by his father, the late Daniel Gemperling, on East Orange street, near Ann street, in Lancaster. Jacob Gemperling, grandfather of Henry Clay, who was a distiller and a farmer, was born near Rohrerstown ; his son Daniel, who was born in Lancaster, died Nov. 13, 189.S, at the age of eighty- seven years. The latter and his brother John, were the leading tinsmiths of the city for many years, filling many important contracts. Daniel Gemper- ling conducted the business on East Orange street alone tn within a short time of his death, and became bne of the best-known citizens of his time, owning a BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 581 large amount of real estate, and making his influence felt in business and commercial circles. Anna Hurst, his wife, was a half-sister of Elam Hurst, a prominent citizen of Lancaster, and also a sister of the mother of H. C. Demuth. From this union were born three children, two of whom, William and Anna, died in early childhood, and the only surviv- or is Henry Clay Gemperling. _ Henry Clay Gemperling was born in the large brick mansion at the southwest corner of East King and Jefferson streets, then the home of his parents, in February, 1846, and was educated in the city schools and at John Beck's celebraited school in Lititz. When less than sixteen years old he left school to enlist in the Union army, joining Co. A, 79th P. V. I., Aug. 19, 1 86 1, and served throughout the war, receiving his discharge Aug. 12, 1865. He took a gallant part in all the battles and skirmishes in which his command participated, and was wounded in the arm at Jonesboro, Ga., under Gen. Sherman, being promoted to the position of corporal. After the war Mr. Gemperling was captain of "The Boys in Blue," a campaign organization in the first campaign of Gen. Grant for the presidency. After Gen. Grant's election the boys in blue were organized into two military companies, A and B, and attached to the National Guard of Pennsylvania, Mr. Gemperling being commissioned captain of Co. B, both compan- ies taking part in the inauguration of Gen. Grant as President. Until 1879 he worked with his father at the tinsmith and plumbing trade, and then re- moved to Ephrata, where he engaged for himself in the same lines. There he remained until March 13, 1R95, when he returned to Lancaster, to become a tip-staff in the court house, very shortly being made court crier for court No. 2, and in November, 1899, he was made court crier of the courts of Lancaster coimty, to fill a vacancy created by the death of Jo- seph C. Snyder, a position which he still holds. While living in Ephrata, Mr. Gemperling bought and remodeled a fine property. For fifteen years he was deputy coroner of the district, for nine years he was a notary public, and was the first president of the Pioneer Steam Fire Engine and Hose Company, and was acting in that capacity, when he left the bor- ough ; he was commander of Post No. 524, G. A. R., of Ephrata, for three years, and was the second man to be elected burgess after Ephrata became a bor- ough. While a resident of Lancaster he served as a policeman during Mayor Stauffer's first term, and is remembered as one of the best police officers this city ever had. During his residence in Ephrata he twice arrested Abe Buzzard, the noted outlaw, "put- ting him behind the bars." This he did as a private citizen, his fellow townsmen calling on him because of his well-known fearlessness. When thieves broke into the store of Schaeffer & Reinhold, at Ephrata, Mr. Gemperling discovered one of the thieves, ar- rested him, and took him to jail. This same bravery was conspicuous all through his army experiences. Mr. Gemperling was married Aug. 14, 1869, to Miss Susan Jacobs, daughter of William Adam Jacobs, a farmer living near Beartown, Lancaster county. From this union were born four children: Anna Maria, the wife of E. E. Royer, a farmer of Ephrata township ; Martha Alpha, unmarried and at home ; Daniel H., a paper hanger ; and Henry Clay, jr., now at school. JACOB H. ZIEGLER. Among the prominent and successful business enterprises of Lancaster county, the Conoy Township Creamery has taken a leading place, under the efficient management of its owner, Jacob H. Ziegler, a resident of Rowenna. The founder of the Ziegler family in East Done- gal township was Conrad Ziegler, born in 1761, who married Magdalina Schock, born in 1758; his death occurred in 1831 and hers in 1826. Their remains lie with those of other old and honored pioneers in the ancient cemetery of East Donegal. The paternal grandparents of Jacob H. Ziegler were Conrad and Catherine (Schock) Ziegler, his birth occurring in 180T, his death in 1880, while she was born in 1799, and passed out of fife in 1854. Conrad Ziegler was one of the most estimable men of his time and lo- cality, a local preacher of the religious denomination known as Dunkards, a good, pious, charitable and upright man. Jacob H. Ziegler, the subject of this biography, was born on the old homestead Jan. 6, 1857, a son of John and Barbara (Hertzler) Ziegler. The former moved to Elizabethtown, Pa., in the spring of 1887, where he built a comfortable home and there died, in November, 1894, at the age of sixty-six years. During life he had been a prominent and influential man, for many years a director in the First National Bank, of Marietta- and was a consistent and valued member of the Dunkard Church. Jacob H. Ziegler was reared on the homestead and educated in the best schools of the neighborhood, remaining at home until his legal majority, when he engaged in farming in Conoy township, remaining there for four years. Returning to East Donegal, he continued in agricultural operations until 1897, when he removed into Rowenna, having purchased the Conoy Township Creamery, in 1895. This busi- ness was established in 1885, by a stock company, and although, for some years it prospered, negli- gence had permitted it to run down, and in 1895 it was sold at public sale, Mr. Ziegler being the pur- chaser. His judgment told him that if properly handled, the business could be made a very paying one, and he has proven the truth of his belief. The marriage of Jacob H. Ziegler occurred Dec. 17, 1878, in Pequea township, to Miss Barbara Hess, and to this union were born: John H., who operates the milk station for his father, in Harris- burg ; Mary ; Ivah ; Barbara ; Alice, deceased ; Jacob ; and Arthur. Mrs. Ziegler was born on the old homestead of her parents. May 25, 1858, a daughter of Jacob and Mary Ann (Herr) Hess; the father 582 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY was a fanner of prominence and wealth, and was the treasurer of the New Danville and Lancaster Turn- pike from the time it was proposed until his death, and he was one of its principal promoters. He was interested in all progressive movements in his sec- tion and was instrumental in the building of the United Zion Church, of which he was a member. His life ended in 1898, at the age of seventy years, his wife having passed away in 1879, and both of them were buried in the Pequea Church cemetery. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Hess were: Martin H., residing on the old homestead ; Barbara ; Henry, a farmer of Conestoga township; Mary, who mar- ried John W, Eshleman, of Reading, Pa. ; Jacob, a farrner of Lampeter ; Fanny, who married Aaron B. Hess, the superintendent of the Chemical works in Lancaster ; and Susan, who married Martin Rutt, of West Donegal. Mr. Ziegler lost his first wife, and was married again, on May 11, 1898, to Ella M. daughter of T. O. and Emma Fradeneck, of Bethle- hem, Pennsylvania. In politics, Mr. Ziegler votes independently. Without doubt, he is one of the most intelligent men of the township and is interested in every measure looking toward the development of his section. For six years he served as school director, and owns one of the most complete private libraries in Lancaster county. He well represents the best class of citizens of this part of the State. DANIEL D. HERR is the eldest living repre- sentative of the male branch of the fifth generation of a family whose name has ever commanded re- spect throughout Lancaster county. He himself is a man of active brain and rare business ability, but of this more will be told in a subsequent paragraph. The old homestead in Lancaster township, near Mil- lersville, has remained in the possession of the family for more than a century, and it was there that our subject was born Feb. 28, 1845. His father, David S. Herr, whose mother's name was Anna Shenk, was bom in the same house, June 14, 1816. He began farming for himself on a small parcel of land in Leacock township, purchased for him by his father. There he lived for four years, when he purchased — from the estate of his uncle. Christian Herr — the farm which is' at present owned by his son, Daniel D., where the latter conducts the Fairview Nurseries. From 1843 until 1866 David S. Herr remained in this location, and in the latter year he removed to the house which is now occupied by his son John. He is now in his eighty-eighth year, but is still active and vigorous. While not able to do the day's work of fifty years ago, his inborn aversion to idleness renders it easy for him to find some out-door occupation, suited to his years and strength. On Oct. 6, 1840, he married Elizabeth Dentlinger, who was born Feb. 13, 1823, and died Aug. 12, 1867. The issue of this union was one daughter and three sons. Fannie, the eldest of the family, was bom Dec. 12, 1841 ; she married John L. Gamber, of Manor township, and is now a widow. Daniel D., was the second child and eldest son. David D., was born Oct. 27, 1848, and is a retired farmer, of Hempfield township. John D., the youngest of the family, was born May 26, 1852 ; he, too, is a farmer, and is also a tobacco dealer. Daniel D. Herr, the subject of this necessarily brief sketch, is best known to the commercial world as the proprietor and manager of the Fairview Nurseries, to which reference has been already made. His farm, on which they are located, lies two miles west of the city of Lancaster. It embraces 134 acres, of which forty are devoted to uses indi- cated. He commenced general farming in 1866, but some inborn predilection inclined him toward fruit growing, and he read with avidity as well as shrewd insight and a retentive memory, all the literature bearing on that topic on which he could lay his hands. As a result, when in 1876 he started on his "new departure," it was with a mind theoretically well equipped. His beginning was modest, yet he succeeded from the first, and to-day he carries stock of the highest class, and finds a ready market in every quarter of the United States. Besides the farm on which his nurseries stand, he owns three others, in Manor, Fulton and Manheim townships, yet the care of his large and constantly growing bus- iness absorbs all his personal attention. He is also a large stockholder in various industrial and finan- cial enterprises, among them the Manor Township Fire Insurance Co., and the Farmers' Fencing As- sociation, As was the faith of his ancestors, so is his; he is an earnest member of the MSnnonite Church. In politics he is a staunch Republican. He takes a deep interest in public affairs, and is ever ready to aid any well matured project promising the promotion of the general welfare. He takes espec- ial interest in education, and has been a member of the school board for fifteen years. On Nov. 27, 1866, Daniel D. Herr married Ade- line Harnish, who was born Aug. 18, 1848, a daugh- ter of Michael S. Harnish, of Manor. Their union has been blessed with four daughters; Fannie, An- nie, Elizabeth and Emma. The youngest is unmar- ried and lives at home with her parents. Fannie married Isaac Neff ; Annie is the wife of William R. Rutt, of East Hempfield township ; and Elizabeth is Mrs. A. E. Binkley, of Manheim. FRANK GERBER PENNELL, the efficient and popular postmaster of Mt. Joy, Pa., is also one of the city's prominent business men, and a highly esteemed citizen. Mr. Pennell was born July 31, 1840, in Warwick township, near Rothsville, a son of Thomas Wilson and Christiann (Gerber) Pennell, the former of whom was a native of Chester county, and the latter of Lancaster. In 1830, the father, Thomas W. Pen^ nell, came to Lancaster countv and settled in War- wick township^ where he followed milling and pump'making, and in 1888 came to Mt. Joy, in order BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 588 to pass his last years with his son. Since 1852 his residence had been in Marietta, where he was well known and where he died in 1890, and many old friends remembered him with esteem and lamented his death, although he had far outlived the age allotted by the Psalmist. His wife died in 1843, at the early age of twenty-severl years. Although she had been reared in the Presbyterian Church, she became connected later with the Lutheran Church. The two children of this marriage were Frank and a little sister, Mary, who died at the age of four years. The second marriage of Thomas Wilson Pen- nell was to Catherine Bear, who died in 1894, at the age of seventy-five. The children born of this union were: Amanda, who married S. N. Ens- wiler, a machinist of Marietta; Sarah, who mar- ried Samuel Fisher, of Columbia, Pa. ; and John, of Mt. Joy, who is associated with Frank G. Pennell in the carriage and wagon-making business in Mt. Joy. The paternal grandparents of Frank G. Pennell were Hon. Benjamin and Jane (Wilson) Pennell, of Chester county, who were leading members in the Presbyterian Church in that locality. They came to Lancaster county and located in Lancaster in 1830, and Mr. Pennell soon took a prominent part in public affairs. His trade was that of wool carder, but his appointment to the office of justice of the peace in Warwick township had absorbed much of his time. During 1841-3 he was a mem- ber of the Legislature, and his last days were spent in teaching school, as he was a man of superior at- tainments. His death was in Lancaster, in 1864, at the age of eighty, his wife having passed away in October, 1860, at the age of eighty-four. The maternal grandparents passed their lives in Lan- caster, where Jacob Gerber was long held in respect. When Frank Gerber Pennell was three years old his young mother passed awav and he was taken to the home of his grandfather Pennell, who at that time was teaching school. Under the watchful care of his grandfather he was well instructed, and he remained with him until 1847, when his father married again, and Frank returned home. At the age of twelve, however, he entered the cotton mills in Lancaster, where he worked for the following four years and served an apprenticeship, covering three years, as a silver plater. His choice of work, however, was found in Mt. Joy, in a wagon and carriage-making shop, where he put in practice his knowledge of nickle plating. About this time came the outbreak of the Civil war, and among those who quickly answered the call for troops was Frank G. Pennell, who con- nected himself with the U. S. Marines and was in continual service for fotir years. Until the fall of Vicksburg he served in the Mississippi squadron and then was sent to the Atlantic squadron, but later was transferred to the Pacific squadron, and was honorably discharged at Mare Island, Cal. He re- turned home, where he found his old situation awaiting him, and there Mr. Pennell remained until 1891, when he purchased his present place of busi- ness, where he conducts wagon, and carriage-mak- ing in the most modern style of manufacture. Although closely attending to his regular busi- ness, Mr. Pennell has found time to take much in- terest in the affairs of his city, and for three years served as clerk of the council ; a justice of the peace for four years, he conducted the business pertaini"<5 to that office with efficiency, but resigned in the mid- dle of his last term. In 1873 Gov. Hartranft ap- pointed him a notary public and he continued to serve in that capacity until July, 1899, when he was made postmaster of Mt. Joy, by President McKin- ley. An ardent and active Republican, he has done valiant work for his party and takes an important position in its deliberations. On Feb. 16, 1868, Frank G. Pennell and Char- lotte Smaling were united in matrimony, and the children born to this marriage are: Thomas, who died in infancy; Emma, a young lady, at home; Catherine, who died in infancy ; Frank, who is as- sociated with his father in business ; and Alberta, a young lady, at home. Mrs. Charlotte (Smaling) Pennell was born in Mt. Joy, May 6, 1840, a daugh- ter of George and Catharine Smaling, of Lancaster county, the former of whom was a wagon maker of Mt. Joy. Since the age of twenty-one Mr. Pennell has been connected with the I. O. O. F., and also be- longs to the other social orders of Red Men, K. of P., and of the G. A. R., of Mt. Joy. As a pub- lic official he has given universal satisfaction, and is regarded as something of a leader, being a man of high character, who has proven his loyalty to both friends and party. IKE FRANCE, whose careful study and prac- tical experience in the line of insurance make him one of the best informed men on that subject in the State, was born at Heckmondv/ike, Yorkshire, Eng- land, in February, 1853, son of Mark France, an agricultural laborer. The lad attended school until he was seven years old, when he was employed in a brickyard carrying bricks, and from that time to the age of thirteen he served as a stable and errand boy on the farm where his father was employed. He was then apprenticed to learn the currier's trade, so continuing until he was twenty-one. When he was nineteen, his father died. Continuing at his trade until he was twenty- three, Mr. France was compelled to seek a change of occupation on account of failing health. Enter- ing the services of the Prudential Life Insurance Co., of London, he became a field agent in the Hud- dersfield District (Yorkshire) and devoted some years to the thorough canvass of his native town and surrounding villages. While employed there he was engaged among two hundred insurance agents to come to this country by the Metropolitan Life In- 584 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY surance Co., of New York City, and to introduce the system of Industrial Life Insurance amongst the working classes of the American people. Arriving in New York, July 26, 1880, he was sent as assistant superintendent to Lowell, Mass., thence to Haver- hill, Mass., and Manchester, N. H., and finally to Boston, working in that end of the State for eight years. For three years he was superintendent in West Philadelphia, and was then called to Worces- ter, Mass., where after three years as superintend- ent in that district he was transferred back to Phila- delphia, where he met with a severe trolley car acci- dent while performing his duties, and this necessi- tated rest for about a year. When again able to re- sume work, he was sent to a smaller field of labor, spending a year in the Hudson, N. Y., district ; and on Feb. 2, 1897, he came to Lsfncaster as superin- tendent for his company and which had not as yet had a satisfactory business from this city. Mr. France studied the local conditions, and determined to win a business for his company that would be in every way satisfactory. His earnest work wrought a great change. Instead of three assistant superin- tendents he had five, instead of fifteen agents he had twenty-nine; instead of collecting weekly $894.04, he had in (April, 1901) $1,483.40, in the same terri- tory, in weekly collections, and on which, had been collected $2,929 of advance collections in premiums not then due from members. The intermediate poli- cies—never less than $500, and as high as the appli- cnnt cares to go — were increased to $70,500 in four years, with a goodly number of $10,000 policies out- standing. Mr. France made a most admirable re- cord in the four years he was the Metropolitan's su- ])erintendent here. In April, 1901, after a period of long continued sickness, and three months short of completing twenty-one years' service, he was placed on the retired list by the company he had so long re- presented, and was given a most liberal pension as a reward for faithful service. In religious faith Mr. France is a Wesleyan, and in fraternal relations a Mason, and a member of the Commercial Traveling Men's Association. While as thorough an American as though he had been born here, he never forgets nor belittles the glorious coun- try from which he sprang, and is a typical English- American. In the eastern suburbs of Lancaster he has invested in a beautiful home, and he has made himself honored and respected in this, the city of his adoption. SAMUEL STONEROAD, a retired farmer of New Providence, is one of the leading men of Provi- dence township, and its largest taxpayer. Mr. Stoneroad was born Feb. 2, 1828, in Lancaster coun- ty, son of Thomas Stoneroad, who was accidentally killed while engaged in digging a well. Thomas Stoneroad, the grandfather of our sub- ject, was one of the early settlers of Lancaster coun- ty, of German parentage, and during his life was considered one of the best millwrights in his lo- cality. His son Thomas was born in 1790, became a millwright also and engaged in farming. -He had seven children, four of whom grew to maturity, namely: John, Henry, Susan and Samuel, but all of them have passed away with the exception of Samuel. Samuel Stoneroad was only seven years old when his father met with his tragic death, and soon after this event his mother also died. His educa- tion was very meagre, and was obtained with great difficulty, consisting of interrupted attendance dur- ing the winter seasons in the public schools of his locality, and from an early age he was obliged to care for himself. That he possessed unusual ability must be acknowledged, for from that unfavorable beginning Mr. Stoneroad worked as a farmer, saved his money, and now in advanced years is one of the most substantial men of that part of the coun- ty, owning two of the best farms ' in Providence township, one containing ninety-six acres and the other seventy-two acres, and paying a larger tax than any other citizen^ On Feb. 10, 1848, Mr. Stoneroad was married to Miss Annie Mower, daughter of George Mower, of Strasburg township, and two children were born to this union, namely : Thomas, bom in 1849, who died at the age of seven years ; and Franklin, born the year previously, who is the farmer for his father. He married Miss Emma Winters, and they have one son, Samuel, and one daughter, Anna. Mrs. Samuel Stoneroad died in 1882. Mr. Stoneroad has always adhered to the prin- ciples of the Republican party. For many years he has been a consistent member of the Mennonite Church, and he is highly respected in his commun- ity for his honest and upright character. JOHN R. BITNER, who passed away Aug: 29, 1897, was for an ordinary life time one of the most conspicuous figures in Lancaster, no man there being more prominent in banking and business circles. He was born in Lancaster Aug. 7, 1826, a son of Abra- ham Bitner. Abraham Bitner, whose ancestors were of Ger- man origin and among the early settlers of Pennsyl- vania, was born in 1791 in York county. By trade he was a carpenter, but he was a chairmaker and flour merchant in Lancaster most of his active busi- ness life. Religiously he was a member of and of- ficially connected with the German Reformed Church of the city. He married Elizabeth Porter (1799- 1856), also a member of the same church. Their children who reached manhood and womanhood were: Anna R., wife of George Dietrich; Jacob ; Sarah W. ; John R. ; Charles Au- gustus; Abraham; Benjamin F., of Trenton, N. J., who died Dec. 13, 1902; David P.; and Mary M. All have passed away except Abra- ham, of Lancaster. John R. Bitner received his early education in the schools of Lancaster, and at the age of thirteen be- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 585 gan learning the trade of cabinetmaking, at which he continued until 1846. For one year following he was in the employ of the State railroad. In 1847, ill company with his brother, C. A. Bitner (trading as John R. Bitner & Bro.), he purchased a few cars and established a fast freight line between Lancaster and Philadelphia, the cars being run on the State railroad, and subsequently on the Penn- sylvania railroad tracks. Their business increas- ing, additional cars were placed on the road from time to time, until they were the owners of some thirty cars, which they ran in transporting and for- warding merchandise over the railroads of this and •other States. They were the leading firm in their line in this section of the State, and did a thriving Tjusiness from 1857 until the dissolution of the part- nership, in 1874. In the year 1848 they had also be- come engaged, in connection with their freighting business, in grain operations, and in shipping grain to different points in the East, which afterward de- veloped into a prosperous trade. In 1854, with others, they were interested in building the Eden Paper Mills, and had large interests in the same. In 1855 they built a steam flouring-mill in Lancaster, which had a capacity of 150 barrels per day, and which they continued to operate until 1863, when, owing to the large demands made for sup- . plies to the Union army, and a consequent need of storage room, they took down the mill to make room for an extensive warehouse on the same site. John R. Bitner & Bro. were large contractors for the Government during the war, furnishing supplies to the army, and their transactions were so satis- factory that at the close of the conflict the Govern- ment applied to them for supplies for the old army stock until it could be disposed of. In 1865 they were members of the company that built the Fulton •cotton mill, but they disposed of their interest in it four years later ; they were also members of the com- pany that built, the same year, the Printers' paper mills at Binkley's Bridge (which were burned in Novem.ber, 1882), in which John R. Bitner f-etained a large interest for years. The firm of John R. Bit- ner & Bro: continued their freighting business until 1S74, when Mr. Bitner purchased his brother's in- terest, continued it alone until 1882, and sold out the business to the Pennsylvania Railway Company. Mr. Bitner was one of the original founders of the noted summer resort Ocean Beach, on the New Jersey coast ; a director in the New Egypt, Farming- dale & Long Branch railroad, of New Jersey, for some time; and in 1865, in company with others, founded a forwarding and commission house at No. 811 Market street, Philadelphia, in which he retained a partnership until 1870. He was a member of both branches of the Lancaster city council for several terms; served for three years as prison inspector for Lancaster county ; as director of the Lancaster County National Bank some seven years ; as director of the Quarryville railroad ; and in February, 1882, was one of the organizers of the Fulton National Bank of Lancaster, of which he was chosen presi- dent. On April 26, 1852, Mr. Bitner married Fianna, daughter of David Wiedler, a farmer of Lancaster county, and they had the following children : Jacob S. ; Lillie W., Mrs. J. C Martin, who died June 30, 1881 ; William H. ; D. Edwin ; Anna M. ; Abraham ; Alfred F. ; and Helen O. Mr. Bitner passed away universally beloved and most deeply regretted; but it is a source of satisfaction to his friends that his son, Abraham, now occupying a responsible posi- tion in the Fulton National Bank of Lancaster, should be so closely connected with a financial in- stitution of which his father was one of the organ- izers, and, at the time of his death, the honored head. HENRY E. MILLER. The family of Mr. Mil- ler is an old and honored one in Lancaster county. His grandfather, who was also named Henry, was one of three brothers who settled near Salunga about the time of the war of the Revolution. He was a large land owner, , successful farmer, and a member of the Old Mennonite Church. He lived to be nearly seventy years old, and at his death en- joyed the confidence and respect of the entire com- munity. He married a Miss Shenk, whose father was one of the pioneer settlers in the valley of the Chickies, near Salunga. He pre-empted and patented several large tracts of land, and built two mills upon the stream named. One of these is still known as the- Shenk Mill, the other as the Garber Mill. To Mr. and Mrs. Henry Miller six children were born. The eldest, John, was the father of Henry E., who is now the head of this branch of the Miller family/ He was born Oct. 15, 1797, and died Sept. 23, 1850, a farmer and a man of influence. He was long a member of the school board, and served for many vears as supervisor. He was a Whig in politics, and like his father, a Mennonite in religious faith. On March 22, 1825, he married Elizabeth Erb. She was born Nov. 9, 1804, and died Aug. 29, i86'j. They were the parents of eleven children : Emanuel, born Jan. 11, 1826, who died in infancy; Daniel, born May 22, 1827, who died Oct. 23. 180^;, at Elizabethtown, Pa., where he had been first a farmer and then for many years an innkeeper; Susanna, born Feb. 19, 1829, the wife of David Weaver, of Manheim; Henry E. ; John E., born Aug. 22, 1833, who learned the trade of a tailor and is a cutter at Portsmouth, Ohio; Andrew, born April 8, 1836, who died at the age of one month ; Elizabeth, born April 29, 1837, who died Feb. 16, 1839 ; Joseph E., a farmer of Columbia, Lancaster county, born Sept. 5, 1840; Reuben E., born Oct. 14, 1842, a day la- borer at Salunga; Catherine, born Oct. 21, 1844, the wife of Levi B. Zug, a farmer living near Lititz ; Elizabeth, the youngest child, born Feb. 7, 1847, who died Aug. 22, 1863. Henry E. Miller was born Nov. 10, 1831. His 586 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY early educational advantages were of the limited character at that time afforded by the common schools, and even of these he was deprived at the age of sixteen years by the failing health of his father, which compelled his supervision of affairs upon the farm. He was barely nineteen when his father died and the farm and personalty connected therewith were sold, and he, with his mother, erected another house, which was their home for eleven years. His filial devotion was constant and unshaken and its memory is one of his precious recollections as the fading hues of life's sunset be- gin to illumine his later years. On Dec. 23, 1862, he married Amelia K. Miller, daughter of Tobias and Elizabeth H. (Kauffman) Miller, and to her unselfish devotion and unwearying aid he attributes much of his success in life. She was born May 29, 1842. In the year succeeding his marriage he en- tered into partnership with his brother-in-law, Hiram K. Miller, in the conduct of a general store at Petersburg. At the end of two years the firm dissolved and Mr. Henry E. Miller removed to Sa- lunga, where he opened a store of his own. He remained there for three years, engaged in trade and holding the office of postmaster, and at the expira- tion of that period returned to Petersburg, where he lived in retirement until 1871, when he removed to Lititz, and has since made his home there. Shortly after coming there, he erected a store at the inter- section of Broad and Orange streets, which he stocked and personally conducted until 1882. In that year he disposed of his business, , leasing .the realty for four years. Still retaining his residence at Lititz, he opened and operated a store at Ephrata, which he successfully conducted for four years. In 1886 he sold this, and, returning to Lititz, resumed business in his old building, the lease of which had expired. After eight years, having concluded to retire from business, he once more disposed of his establishment and since 1894 has not been engaged in any active occupation. For three years he and his family lived in apartments above the store, which he retained for his own use, but in 1897 he erected a handsome, modern residence on Broad street, which is his domicile to-day. About the same time he sold the store property in which he had so long carried on business and which had been for so many years his dwelling place. In addition to con- ducting a general store, Mr. Miller was for two years largely interested in packing tobacco, and has been to a considerable extent engaged in buying and selling horses, being exceedingly fond of a good steed and an extremely good judge of equine ex- cellence. He has, moreover, erected several build- ings of his own, thereby gaining an experience which admirably qualified him for the supervision of the public buildings, a task which he has been frequently called upon to perform; for nine years he served upon the school board and for six years was a member of the municipal council, and in these capacities had charge of the construction of numer- ous edifices for public use. He was one of the or- ganizers of the Lititz Bank and for years one of its directors. At present (1900) he is a member of the directorate of the Northern National Bank of Lancaster. Politically he is a Republican; he and his family are members of the Moravian Church. To Mr. and Mrs. Miller two daughters have been born, — Mary Amanda and Bessie Maud. The elder was born June 28, 1866, and is the wife of Jacob G. Rinwold, the proprietor of the "Lancaster Hotel." She is the mother of four children, Grace, Henry, Chester and Frank. Bessie Maud, the younger daughter, was born June 12, 1869. She married Frank D. Leinbach, of Robesonia, Berks county, a coal and lumber merchant. They are the parents of one son, Louis. Mrs. Henry E. Miller is the granddaughter of John and the daughter of Tobias M. Miller. Her grandfather was for many years proprietor of an inn at Marietta. He was bom March. 14, 1786, and died in his eighty-eighth year. Her father, Tobias M., was one of a family of seven children born to John and his wife, Susanna. Maria, the eldest, married a Mr. Zellers ; Elizabeth died in childhood ; John was a traveling salesman for a Philadelphia shoe house and died at Chicago; Samuel (com- monly known as "Captain") was a retired hotel keeper and died in Marietta in 1897; Benjamin died at Newport, Pa. ; Henry passed away at Medway, Ohio. Tobias' M. Miller, the youngest child of John, and the father of Mrs. Henry E. Miller, was born March 8, 1815. He was a merchant tailor of Peters- burg, where he carried on business for twenty years, He died Nov. 27, 1856. His wife, Elizabeth H. Kauffman, whom he married on May 26, 1836, was bom Feb. 16, 1816, near Petersburg. The last years of her life were spent with her daughter, Mrs. Henry E. Miller, at whose home she entered into rest Oct. 22, 1896, at the age of four score years. To Tobias M. Miller and his wife three children were born, Hiram K., Mary Amanda and Amelia K. Hiram K. was bom Dec. 6, 1837; he was a farmer, merchant and tobacco packer of Peters- burg, and died Feb. 11, 1896. Mary Amanda, born March 16, 1839, married on Dec. 6, 1856, Benjamin Metz, of Clarence Centre, Erie Co., N. Y. Amelia K., Mrs. Henry E. Miller, was born May 29, 1842. JOHN F. LEECH, long and favorably iden- tified with the agricultural interests of Bart town- ship, Lancaster county, where he made an enviable reputation for himself as a practical and successful farmer, was born in Sadsbury township, Oct. 4, 1837, and is a son of John G. and Maria (Rockey) Leech. The father was born in Lancaster county, in 1797, where the mother also was born, in 180 1. They were married in this county in 1820, and located in Sadsbury township, where the father followed the butcher business until he purchased the family home in Bart township in 1840. This farm he greatly im- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 58T proved, building him a stone house and a fine barn, and there he remained until his death in 1869. His widow m.ade her home with her son, John F., until her death in 1890. John G. Leech was the son of George and Eliza- beth (Hastings) Leech, who were both born in Gap, Lancaster county. He was a son of Francis Leech, who came from Ireland before the Revolution, and settled at Gap, where he married Isabella Griffith, who belonged to a wealthy Quaker family of Lan- caster county. They settled at Gap, where he owned a fine farm property. George, their son, and the grandfather of John F., built the hotel property, which is still in use in Gap ; there he died, leaving five sons and two daughters, (r) William died a single man. (2) George, born at Gap, married a Miss Caldwell, of Curwensville, Clearfield county, where he lived and died. He was a prominent lumberman, and at one time served as sheriff of the county. He was father of the following children : George, Hi- ram, Hugh, James, Robert, Mary J., Amelia and Susan, all of whom are married and settled in Clear- field county, with the exception of Mary, who mar- ried and moved to the West. (3) Francis married and moved to Jefferson county, where he died. (4) Thomas married a Miss Rockey, a sister of the mother of John F., and settled on a farm in Sadsbury township, where he died, leaving a family, all of whom are now dead. (5) Anna Leech and (6) Elizabeth Leech were unmarried, and died at Gap, both at the advanced age of ninety years. (7) John G. Leech, the father of John F., left a family of ten children, (i) William waa born in 1 82 1, married Mary Homsher, and settled in Phila- delphia, where he was engaged in a contracting and building business for many years. Later in life he moved to Pomeroy, Pa., where he was engaged as a merchant and a general business man until his death in 1890. One of his sons is the agent of the Pennsyl- vania Railroad at Pomeroy. The children of this family were : John S., of Pomeroy ; William H., of Philadelphia ; Lewis, of Pomeroy ; Emma, who died at Pomeroy, a young woman of character and cul- ture. (2) Jacob Leech, born in Sadsbury township in 1823, married a Miss Griffith, of Philadelphia, where they lived at the time of her death. His second wife ■was Miss Margaret Watson, of Chester county. They still reside in Philadelphia, where he is engaged in business. Their children are as follows : Susan, who married Harry Bailey ; Anna, the wife of John Phenegar, of Philadelphia ; Belle, the wife of Charles Stacey, residing in Philadelphia; Emily, who mar- ried Harry Kendrick, of Philadelphia ; Thomas, mar- ried and living in Philadelphia, where his brother George also lives. ('3) George Leech, born in Sadsbury township in 1824, married a Miss Catherine Phenegar, of Bart township, who moved with him to Ohio during the Civil. war, and there died, leaving the following fam- ily : Susan, Malinda, Mary, Sarah and George. Mr. Leech married for his second wife Miss Emily Pow- ers, of this county, and returned to Ohio, where he still lives. Of the four children born to this union, Maggie is the only one living. (4) Anna E. Leech, born in Sadsbury township in 1829, married Albert Rhea. They lived and died in Philadelphia. Their son, Sylvester, still lives in that city. (5) Mary J. Leech, born in 1830, died in an early and promising young womanhood. (6) Thomas J. Leech, born in 1832, married Miss Prudence Wilson, of Philadelphia, where he is now living a retired life, after a very successful career as a business man. They had four children ; Jefferson, Frank, Louella and Gertrude. (7) Catherine Leech, born in 1834, is the wife of William Ashby, of Chester, Delaware Co., Pa., and is the mother of Emma; Lillie, the wife of Caleb Cantnell ; Ella, the wife of Robert Stainton ; and Anna, all of Chester. (8) Susan Leech, bom in 1836, married Joseph Miller, of Russellville, Chester county ; she has since died, leaving one son, Joseph Dewees. (9) John F. (10) Johanna Leech, born in Bart township in 1 84 1, married Charles Wright, of Bart township where they now reside. John F. Leech was reared in Bart town- ship, where he secured his education in the home schools. Until 1859 he remained on the home farm, when he went to Columbus, Ohio, where he engaged in business. In i860 he came back to the old home in Bart township, and in 1861 enlisted in the Union Army, as a member of Co. B, 79th P. V. I., at that time under the command of Col. Ham- bright, of Lancaster. The regiment was mustered into service at Camp Curtin, joined the Army of the Tennessee, at that time under Gen. Thomas, and later served under Gen. Sherman in his celebrated March to the Sea. Mr. Leach was engaged in the battle of Perryville and in a number of minor skir- mishes. After Bragg's retreat from Kentucky, the 79th was in active service until it "brought up at Nashville, after much heavy fighting all through that campaign. It fought seven days continuously at Murphreesboro, and was in the thickest of the battle at Chattanooga. In the first day's fight at this last battlefield, Mr. Leech was wounded in the groin by a minie ball. On account of this injury he was de- tained for a long time in the military hospital at Nashville. On rejoining his regiment Mr. Leech was again wounded at Bentonville by shell, and his re- covery was regarded as little less than a miracle. Until the close of the war he was under treatment in the military hospital at Goldsboro, North Carolina,, when he was sent to Washington in time to partici- pate in the grand review with his regiment. Mr. Leech was musljered out in that city. Mr. Leech returned to the old home, and took 688 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY charge of the farming operations, caring for his aged parents as long as they Hved. He was married Dec. 13, 1866, to Miss Rachel Davis, of Paradise town- ship, a daughter of Walter and Rachel (Ferree) Davis. She was born in Sadsbury township, near Gap, Dec. i, 1839, and was educated in the Bart schools. Her father, who was born in Ireland, came to this country when a young man, and married Miss Rachel Ferree, the daughter of Phillip and Elizabeth (Slaymaker) Ferree. These families may be traced back to the early days of the country. Walter Davis settled in Paradise township, where he spent the greater part of his life in farming. In his later years he moved to Bart township, where he resided at the time of his death in 1853. His widow lived until June, 1886. Five of their children are still living. Mrs. Leech is a descendant of one of the first white families to reach Lancaster county. Mrs. Mary Ferree was a widow who came from France with her children in 1704, and is supposed to have been the first white woman that settled in Paradise township. Of the children of the Davis family still living, Eliza- beth is Mrs. Jacob Rife, of Bart township ; Sarah Davis married William Hamer of Bart township, and removed to Harrisburg ; Joseph F. Davis is now a resident of Paradise township ; Rachel is Mrs. Leech ; Susannah Davis is the wife of Daniel Shees- ley, of Harrisburg, and has a family of five children. After the marriage of John F. Leech he became the possessor of the old Leech homestead, where he and his wife have lived to the present time. They have a family of six children. (i) Amy, born in Bart township, in January, 1868, was educated in the local schools, and grad- uated from the Millersville State Normal School. For eleven years she has been a successful teacher in the Lancaster county public schools. (2) Ella, born in July, 1869, married Frank Trout, of Bart township. They now live in West Virginia, where he is engaged in business as a mer- chant. They have two children, Marian and Will- iam Ferree. (3) William Ferree, born in April, 1872, became a machinist, and is now employed in the oil fields of California. (4) Jacob H. Leech ' died when nine- teen years of age. He was born in 1874. (5) Anna M., born in 1876, was educated in the home schools, and later was a student in the Phila- delphia Shorthand University where she became adept in shorthand and type-writing. She has spent sometime as shorthand writer in different offices of Philadelphia. (6) John M., born in 1879, was reared at home, and became a clerk in the Nickel Mines store for some time. Later he was a shipping clerk in Lan- caster, and is now carrying on a store of his own at Buyerstown. He is unmarried. Mr. and Mrs. Leech are members of the Method- ist Church of Georgetown. In politics he has al- ways been a Republican, and for seventeen years has been school director in Bart township. He was ap- pointed by the Government to look after the inter- ests of indigent soldiers in this district. Mr. Leech is regarded as a man of sterling worth and genuine character, and enjoys a host of friends. JOHN A. BURGER has for many years been known as one of the most prominent contracting builders, not only in Lancaster and vicinity, but throughout the State. Although not actively en- gaged in business now, as in previous years, he is still interested in building as the head of the firm of J. A. Burger & son. Mr. Burger is a native of Allendorf, Prussia, born Dec. 20, 1828. His father, Philip Adam Burger, whose birth occurred in the same province, was a farmer, and followed that occupation till called to his reward. He married Elizabeth Seel- bach, who was born in the same locality, and to their union came five children. John A. Burger, the only member of the family now living, was reared in his native land, where he received a good educa- tion. At the age of thirteen and a half years he was apprenticed to learn the carpenter's trade, at which he served two and a half years, and later worked as a journeyman carpenter. He contrived to escape the military draft. For a year he was em- ployed in Dusseldorf , on the Rhine, and in the spring of 1849 he embarked on a sailing vessel, leaving Bremen Feb. 24th, and landing in New York City on the 1st of May. For about three weeks he worked in the metropolis, and then came to Lan- caster county, Pa., and engaged to work with B. B. Martin, in Millersville. In 1852 he became a con- tractor and builder, and for eighteen years was engaged in erecting barns and residences for the settlers of Manor township. He put up the largest barn in the county, a two-story building, 90x120 feet in size, on the farm belonging to Christian B. Herr. In 1869 Mr. Burger came to settle permanent- ly in the city of Lancaster, and soon became recog- nized as the most prominent builder and contractor in the city. Among other buildings which he has erected in Lancaster are two of the largest school- houses, and six other school buildings ; and four market houses, situated in the eastern, western, southern and central parts of the town, respective- ly. Two churches, and many ware-houses, store and office buildings, show marks of his handiwork. He erected the Trust Company's building and the People's Bank, both of which are as fine struc- tures of their kind as are to be found in the State; and he also built a number of the residences of the leading citizens, among them those of the late John Keller, John D. Skiles, B. B. Martin, B. F. Fshleman, William D. Sprecher, D. P. Locher and George D. Sprecher. He also built the "Stevens House." Between the fall of 1875 and the follow- ing year Mr. Burger erected fifteen buildings for the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, besides which he put up the large Opera House on Broad street, Affenbach's garden and the dwelling of ^^-Lu Q^ioMA i^/OQ.M' BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 589 Mr. Lockard, superintendent of the Pennsylvania railroad. During that summer he had in his em- ploy about five hundred men, and the superintend- ence of so many buildings in course of construc- tion at the same time told severely on his health. He has since taken life more moderately, and has not engaged in works of such magnitude and im- portance. He built the place known 'as Burger's Block, in which he still owns five buildings, and also other property in different parts of the city. In 1889 Mr. Burger's son, Adam N., became a part- ner in the business. They have built an industrial school in Port Deposit; the Thome Institute; the Soldiers' Orphans' School at Scotland, Franklin Co., Pa. ; the new Chester County Insane Asylum ; and, during 1901, erected large buildings in Har- risburg and Coatesville. In 1852 Mr. Burger was married, in Millersville, to Miss Elizabeth Neff, who was born in Baden, Germany, daughter of Christof Neff, who died in Lancaster. Mr. and Mrs. Burger had five children, of whom two are still living : Adam N. and Fran- ces E. The former was educated in the State Nor- mal School at Millersville, and at Franklin and Mar- shall College, where he was a student for two years. His marriage to Miss Anna C. Miller has been blessed by the birth of two sons, Robert and Charles. Frances E. was married Jan. 2, 1900, to Dr. Milton Ursinus Gerhard, of Lancaster. Mrs. Burger passed to her reward June i, 1893. In religious connection Mr. Burger is an active rnember of the First Reformed Church. Politically he is a Republican. He has been a director in the Lancaster Home Mutual Fire Insurance Co. for a number of years. Milton' Ursinus Gerhard, M. D., who married Frances E., only daughter of John A. Burger, was born in Bucks county, Pa., where his father, the late Rev. W. T. Gerhard, was then stationed. He was educated in the public schools of Lancaster and Franklin and Marshall College, from which he was graduated in 1871. After teaching four years (two of them in Lancaster) he read medicine with the late Dr. John L. Atlee, Sr., he being that distinguished surgeon's last student. He was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1877. After act- ing as assistant in a private sanitarium at Canandai- gua, N. Y., for three years. Dr. Gerhard became first assistant in the State Insane Asylum, at Harris- burg, remaining there ten yelars and then removing to Lancaster, where he permanently located in Jan- uary, 1900. He makes a specialty of the treatment of nervous diseases and inebriety, in which he has had much experience, and in the relief of which he has been far more than ordinarily successful. Dr. Gerhard and his wife make their home with Mr. Burger, at No. 43 South Prince street. Mrs. Gerhard has for some years taken her mother's place a^ the head of the home, which, as the wife of Dr. Gerhard, she still gladdens. JOHN MECK. The pioneer of the Meek fam- ily, in Lancaster county. Pa., was Nicholas Meek, who left his home in the village of Beyrland, Ger- many, far back in 1755 and sought a new home among the fertile lands of the State of Pennsylvania, locating in Lancaster county, where he found the Lefever family already settled. Of them he pur- chased 103 acres of meadow and timber land and this property has been cultivated and improved for five succeeding generations and kept jealously in the hands of the family. Nicholas Meek was the great-grandfather of the present representatives of the name, and followed farming through a long life. His son, Philip Meek, came into possession of the homestead, and added to the family property, at the time of his decease own- ing three of the best farms in the county, two of them situated in West Lampeter, and one near Pe- tersburg. His standing was high in the Lutheran Church, and he had the respect of his fellow-citi- zens. He married Catherine Ament, and they reared a family of four children : John ; Jacob, a farmer, who died at the age of fifty ; George, the father of the present bearer of the name, a farmer, who lived to be eighty-eight years old; and Catherine, who married Jacob Lefever, of West Lampeter, and lived to be almost eighty years. Grandfather Philip Meek was a soldier of the Continental army, during the Revolutionary war and suffered all the deprivations and trials incident to those stormy times, bearing himself gallantly all through the struggle. His son George, was born and reared in West Lampeter, and lived an honest, industrious life, the last twenty years of it in retire- ment. In his younger days he cut a great deal of wood and engaged in the manufacture and sale of wooden pipes for the conduct of water, these being much used in various ways on farms. His farming operations brought him ample returns, and at his death he was regarded as one of the township's most substantial men. A consistent member of the Lutheran Church for many years, he became at- tracted late in life to the pious and simple observ- ances of the Mennonite Church. George Meek married Martha Nuding, bom in Germany, who came to this country with her father, John Nuding, and lived to the age of seventy-five years, becoming the good and devoted mother of nine children : Catherine, deceased, who married (first) Amos K. Raub, and (second) Frederick Neff; Mary, now a widow, who married John Furry, and moved to Ohio; Martha, married to Jo- siah Swinehardt, of Wayne county, Ohio; George, deceased; Philip, a resident of Lampeter; John, a resident of West Lampeter township ; David, a far- mer, who died at the age of sixty-one; Susaii, the widow of Samuel Wycker, a resident of Bart township, and Lydia, the widow of Jacob Burk- holder, of West Lampeter. John Meek was born on the old homestead, Aug. 590 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 9) 1831, and grew up a farmer boy, receiving his education in the pubHc schools of his district. At the age of twenty-two he decided to engage in farming operations for himself ; and in i860 he mar- ried Maria Houser, a daughter of Jacob and Eliza- beth (Brackbill) Houser, and then located on the farm which they so long occupied, this being pleas- antly situated in West Lampeter township, four miles south-east of Lancaster City, and consisting df sixty-nine acres, where he successfully followed farming until the time of his death. Two sets of buildings are upon this place, one of these, the more modern, having been erected in 1885, by Mr. Meek. Three children were born to John Meek and his worthy wife: George H., who is a farmer on his father's place, is married to Amanda Doner, and has four children, Ralph, Stella, Earl, and Paul; Jacob A., a farmer of East Lampeter, who married Mary Roher, and has three children, Edna, Ada and Roher; and Lydia E., living with her mother. On March 25, 1901, John Meek passed away, at the age of sixty-eight years, and his influence, al- ways in the direction of temperance, education and morality, is much missed in the community. He and his wife were both exemplary members of the Old Mennonite Church. Since his death his widow and her daughter have lived in the village of Lam- peter. MARTIN MIILER, for many years a promi- nent farmer citizen of Lititz, Lancaster county, where he was living retired at the time of his death, was born Aug. 20, 1823, on the home farm in Man- heim township, and was educated in the district school. John Miller, father of Martin, was born Jan. 16, 1797, and died Nov. 4, 1883. By his marriage in 1822 with Charlotte, daughter of John Weidler, of Manheim township, he became the father of the fol- lowing named children : Martin ; Mary Ann, widow of Jonas B. Nolt, residing on North Duke street, Lancaster; Andrew, who died in early childhood; Susan, who also died when a child; and Lavinia, wife of Aaron H. Summy, of Lancaster. The mother of these children died in February, 1882. Martin Miller assisted on the home farm until he was twenty-three years old, then married, and two years later purchased a farm of 160 acres about one mile northwest of Lititz, which he made into a model place. He resided upon it until 1868, when he turned it over to his son, and retired to pass the remainder of his years in ease and comfort at Li- titz. Mr. Miller was four times married. His first wife, whom he wedded in 1846, was Miss Catherine Johnston, a daughter of Benjamin Johnston; she was bom near Lancaster City, and died in 1868, at the age of forty -four years, leaving one. child, Johns- ton Miller ; he became one of the leading farmers in Warwick township, though later he removed to Lititz and followed the insurance business. He married Miss Emma Minnich, and became the father of three children, John M., Bessie and Emma. He died in 1891. The second marriage of Mr. Miller took place. in 1874, to Mrs. Ann (Wallace) Wise, widow of Chris- tian Wise. She died in 1879, and in 1884, Mr. Mil- ler chose for his third wife, Mrs. Elizabeth Shirk, widow of Isaac Shirk. Mrs. Elizabeth Miller passed away in 1896, and in the fall of 1897, Mr. Miller contracted his fourth marriage with Mrs. Elizabeth Minnich, widow of John Minnich, and daughter of James and EUanor (Leslie) Stillwell. They lived in quiet contentment in Lititz, where his death took place Aug. 28, 1901. He was a member of the Ger- man Baptist Church, as is also his widow. Mr. Miller was a stockholder in the Lancaster County Bank, and in the Farmers' National Bank of Lancaster, as well as in the Lancaster Trust Com- pany, the Lancaster Electric Light Company, the Lititz National Bank, and the Ephrata & Lancaster Turnpike Company. He never failed to invest his means in any enterprise that gave promise to in- crease the benefits and prosperity of his township and county. In politics he was a Republican from the time the party was founded. ■ HOFFER. With the best development of Mt. Joy township the name of Hoffer has ever been connected; Lancaster and adjoining counties have had more than one occasion to be grateful to some representative of the family bearing that honored name. Matthias Hoffer, from whom the HofFers in this country are descended, was born in Klein Heuni- gen. Canton Basle, Switzerland, Aug. 24, 1718 (old style) , and immigrated to America, landing at Phila- delphia, Sept. 2, 1743. He married Maria Wohl- weider, daughter of a farmer, and settled near Man- heim. The wife died Jan. 25, 1778, leaving six sons and six daughters. Mr. Hoffer subsequently mar- ried a second wife, who bore him five sons and one daughter. John Hoffer, fifth son of Matthias, married Bar- bara Long, and resided in Londonderry, now Cone- wago township, Dauphin countv, where he died Dec. 4, 1837 . He was the father of eight children, six sons and two daughters, of whom Samuel, George, John and Joshua, all settled in this locality and reared families. Their descendants are still living in this and adjoining counties. John (2), fourth son of John, married Mary Reider, and resided in Conewago township, Dau- phin county, where he died May 21, 1866. He had three children: Isaac, of Lebanon; Jacob R., of Mt. Joy ; and Mary, widow of Rev. William Hertz- ler, residing in Elizabethtown. Isaac was the first mayor of Lebanon, Pa. He died Feb. 18, 1893, leaving three sons, Amos (since deceased), John and Allen, and one daughter, Mrs. George S. Bow- man. Jacob R. Hoffer was born on a farm in Dau- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 591 phin county June 23, 1823. District schools in those days afforded but meagre opportunities for acquiring an education, but young Hoffer took every advantage of such as they were. He also at- tended Brown's School at Mt. Joy, and later James' Academy in Philadelphia. His early ambition turned toward the printer's trade, but circumstances compelled him to pass his young manhood on his father's farm. His uncle, Squire Samuel Hoffer, of Conewago township, Dauphin county, was a man of considerable learning and high reputation, who had established himself as a surveyor and scrivener ; and having taken a fancy to his nephew Jacob, Squire Hoffer gave him a thorough understanding of the intricacies of his profession. This Mr. Hoffer continued to follow until 1864, when ill health compelled him to abandon a work that re- quired such great physical endurance; he conducted a notion store to the time of his death, and also, true to his early predilection, he turned to the printing ofRce, in 1864 becoming proprietor of the Mt. Joy Herald, which had been established by Mr. F. H. Stauffer in 1854. Although not a practical printer, Mr. Hoffer soon gained a thorough knowledge of the details of the business, and during his career as editor and proprietor of the Herald he greatly ad- vanced the standard of journalism in his locality. He was broad and liberal in his views, and gave to the public a paper clean and wholesome ; conserva- tive in his expressions, he was a wise moulder of public opinion, and the farmers and business men all held him and his paper in high esteem. Since his death, his sons^ John E. Hoffer and Uriah E. Hoffer, are conducting the paper for the estate. Jacob R. Hoffer was united in marriage with Martha Engle. His death occurred April 15, 1892, and of his children two sons and five daughters survive : John E., Uriah E., Mary E., Rebecca and Hannah, all of Mt. Joy ; Helen, of Philadelphia ; and Annie A., wife of Dr. C. G. Gabel, of Lancaster. HENRY S. RUTTER, a retired farmer and tobacco packer, is a director of the Gap National Bank, and has his home in Intercourse, Pa. He was born in Leacock township, Lancaster county, Oct. 15, 1836, and is a son of Eli and Elizabeth (Skyles) Rutter. Eli and Elizabeth Rutter were married Oct. 25, 1832. They were of Leacock and Salisbury town- ships, respectively. Mr. Rutter operated a hotel in Leacock township, and was a farmer four years in Williamstown, where later he was a merchant for some fifteen years. At the expiration of that period he retired. He was born Sept. 17, 1806, and died Dec. 30, 1878 ; Mrs. Elizabeth Rutter was born Feb. 26, 1805, and died Aug. 2t, 1884; both were buried in the cemetery of Christ Church at Intercourse, Pa. Mrs. Rutter was a member of Christ Church. To them came the following family: Plarriet A., born May 20, 1834, who is the widow of John Hess, a farmer, and lives at Gap, Pa. ; Henry S. ; Hannah E., born May 4, 1839, living at Intercourse, the widow of George Diller, at one time a hotel man and a drover ; Jacob R., born Nov. 14, 1842, who mar- ried Maggie P. Lincoln, and is a farmer at Inter- course, Pennsylvania. The paternal grandparents of Mr. Rutter were Jacob and Hannah (Trout) Rutter, and they were married Jan. 21, 1800. They were farming people, and also kept a hotel in Intercourse many years. Jacob Rutter was born April 24, 1769, and died April 10, 1845, while his wife was born Aug. 6, 1779, and died Oct. 9, i860 ; both were buried in the Cemetery of Christ Church at Intercourse. They had the following family : Elizabeth, born Oct. 22, 1800, married to George Rutter; Mary, born May 25, 1802; Uriah, married to Eliza Baker; Eli, who died Dec. 30, 1878, in the seventy-third year of his age ; Anna L., who died Feb. 14, 1865, in her fifty- sixth year, unmarried; Sarah, who died Oct. 29, 1883, at the age of seventy-one years, nine months and twelve days, the wife of John Miller; Rachel, born Sept. 24, 1816, married to John Varnes ; Han- nah v., who married Harvey Varnes, of Washing- ton, D. C, and is now dead. The maternal grandparents of Mr. Rutter were Henry and Rebecca (Dunlap) Skyles, of Salisbury township, where he was engaged in business, both as a farmer and a potter. Henry S. Rutter was married March 7, 1865, in Williamstown, Pa., to Miss Sarah E. Eckert, by whom he has had the following family : Blanch, who died at the age of eight vears ; Laura J., an invalid, at home unmarried ; Hannah, who married Adam Diller, a farmer and a drover at Intercourse, Pa., and who is the mother of four children; Elizabeth, who married Tobias Leaman, of Gordonville, Pa., and is the mother of one child ; Sarah, married to Harry Weiler, a clerk in a store in White Horse, Pa. ; Harry E., a merchant at New Holland, unmarried; Jacob P., a hardware clerk, living at home ; Etta E., at home; Chauncey E., a druggist in Lancaster, Pa. ; Howard L., at home. Mrs. Sarah E. Rutter was born in Leacock town- ship in 1842, and is a daughter of Jacob K. and Hannah (Varnes) Eckert. Mr. Eckert was a farmer, and died in 1863, at the age of sixty-four; his widow died in i8vo, at the aee of sixty-nine vears ; both were buried in the Rolands Cemetery in Earl township. They were the parents of the following family: Rev. John V., a Lutheran preacher, who died in i8g8; George, living retired in. Lancaster ; Susannah, married to Jeremiah Sel- domridge, a retired farmer of Leacock township ; Lewis, now of PJiiladelphia ; Henry, deceased ; Mary A., late wife of Robert Hoar ; Sarah E. ; Jemi- mah, the widow of Henry Harsh, living in Lan- caster; Eva line, deceased wife of Josiah Zook; Re- becca, married to Moses Hess, of Duncannon, Penn- sylvania. Henry S. Rutter remained on the paternal homestead until he was eighteen years old, when he 592 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY went to White Horse, Pa., and was employed two years as a clerk by William Bunn ; then he went to Williamstown, Pa., where he was engaged with Harry Worst two years in the mercantile business. At the expiration of that time, in company with his father, he bought out Mr. Worst, and operated the stand until 1865. That year his brother Jacob bought his father out, and the two were in partner- ship until 1871. That year Jacob retired from the firm, and Mr. Rutter was alone in the business for some two years, when he sold the store to Harry Brackbill. Moving to Leacock township, he bought a farm, where he remained until 1880, and in that year came to Intercourse and began business as a tobacco packer. At present Mr. Rutter has retired from both farming and the tobacco packing indus- tries and is enjoying in his latter years a well-earned rest. Mr. Rutter belongs to the Knights Templars ; in politics is a Democrat, and holds a prominent posi- tion in the community. His personal qualities have won him friends, while his business abilities have made him wealthy. ABRAHAM HAINES POWDEN, Esq., of No. 49 North Duke street, is one of the most promising young members of the Lancaster Bar, and is a striking illustration of what the American youth can accomplish even in the face of most adverse circumstances. He was born July 24, 1876, at Altoona, Pa., son of A. H. Powden and Margaret Young. His father was employed at the Pennsyl- vania Railroad shops at Altoona^ and died there three months before his son's birth; his mother dying when her boy was only sixteen months old, the young orphan was brought to Lancaster by his grandfather, Isaac B. Powden, who is a wholesale dealer in cigars and at this time is still traveling about on business of his house, though over eighty- four years of age. His grandmother was Elizabeth Haines. He was kept by his paternal grandparents until he was four years of age, at which time, upon the death of his grandmother, he was placed in the care of a paternal uncle with whom he had his home until he was eight years of age, and at whose instance he was sentenced to the House of Refuge at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Poor, and almost friendless, young Powden was presented on the day of his sentence to the House of Refuge, with a silver dollar, by a gentleman of Lancaster, and encouraged by that kind act, he resolved to secure an education and become a lawyer. How bravely and successfully he clung to that resolution and purpose is now a matter of record. The silver dollar is carried by him to-day, and is treasured above all his other possessions, bearing an inscription from whom the coin came, to whom it was gfiven, and under what circum- stances. Through the efforts of his new benefactor and other friends who took up his cause, he was released from the House of Refuge at the end of three weekSj and placed in the Children's Home at Lancaster, Pa., where he remained until ten years of age, at which time he went to live with Samuel O. Frantz, at Rohrerstown, where he worked on the farm during the summer and attended school in the winter, and remaining with this kind-hearted family until he was sixteen years of age. Striking out for himself at. that age he secured a position in a general merchandise store at Mechanics Grove, where he remained one year, and then returned to Lancaster as a clerk for Ezra F. Bowman & Co., wholesale jewelers, with whom he spent four years. Clerking during the day, he pursued special studies by night, giving much attention to Latin, under the tutorship of a graduate of Franklin and Marshall College. Upon the financial failure of the firm of Ezra F. Bowman & Co., young Powden entered the law ofiice of C. Reese Eaby, Esq., and after faithful study passed his preliminary examination, Dec. 16,. 1897, and was admitted to practice Sept. 15, 1900. He also holds a commission of Notary Public, and is a member of the Superior and Supreme Court* of this state. Mr. Powden is a member of the First Presby- terian church of Lancaster, and also a trustee of White Cross Commandery No. 159, Ancient and Illustrious Order of Knights of Malta. In politics he is a stanch Republican and very active. No man of his years has worked more indus^ triously or systematically than this bright and pro- gressive young member of the legal profession. Mr. Powden is a man of genial and courteous address, honest and upright as the day is long, and has won a host of friends, who justly prize his manly qualities and genuine work. DAVID L. MILLER. Through its numerous descendants and by marriage and inter-marriage with leading families, the Miller name is well known all over Lancaster county. A worthy rep- resentative of this family, who resides in affluence in Mt. Joy, retired from active business life, is Da- vid L. Miller, a highly esteemed citizen, and one who for the past ten years has been a director of the Union National Bank of Mt. Joy. Mr. Miller was born in Conoy township, July 16, 1834, a son of David and Anna (Longenecker) Miller, the former of whom was well known in the county and township, acting many years in the ca- pacity of school director. He died in 1887, at the age of eighty-two, after several years of retirement ; his widow survived until 1894, and both were buried in Donegal township, old and prominent members of the Mennonite Church. The children of David and Anna Miller were : Elizabeth, who married Abraham Martin, a farmer of Conoy town.ship ; Fanny, who married Henry Metz- gar, of Dauphin county ; Anna, unmarried, a resident of Conoy township; Christian, a retired farmer of ou^l^, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 593 Conoy township ; David L. ; John, who died young ; Henry, a retired farmer of West Donegal township ; Barbara, who married John Erb, a farmer of Dau- phin county ; Mary, who married Andrew Stoner, a farmer of Conoy township ; Leah, who married Ja- cob Erb, a farmer in Kansas ; Abraham, a farmer of West Donegal township ; Martin, a farmer of Conoy township; Samuel, a farmer of Mt. Joy township; and Mattie, deceased, who married Amos Zimmer- man. The paternal grandparents were Ernest and Elizabeth Miller, of "Ephrata, and the maternal grandparents were Christian and Fanny (Brenne- man) Longenecker, of Lancaster county, all of these being old and leading families of the greatest finan- cial stability, and of honorable standing in their several communities. One of a large and happy family, David L. Mil- ler grew up in his comfortable farm-house home, surrounded by the good influences which a pious fa- ther and mother brought into the household. His education was acquired in the public schools, and until he was twenty-two years old he remained un- der the parental roof. For some years he then op- erated a rented farm, but later, at the time of his second marriage, purchased a farm in Rapho town- ship, and there became a prominent farmer and a leading factor in township affairs, for three years giving his services as school director and doing much for the encouragement of education. The first marriage of Mr. Miller was in 1858, in Lancaster, to Fanny Garber, a daughter of John and Catherine (Seachrist) Garber. Mrs. Miller was bom in West Donegal township, where she lies buried, having died on March i, 1861, at the age of twenty-three. Her children were: John, who married Fanny Heaston, a retired farmer of Mt. Joy; and Fanny, who died young. The second marriage of Mr. Miller was in 1863, to Leah Niss- ley, and to this union has been bom this family: Anna, who resides with her parents ; Barbara, who married Amos Stauffer, a miller of East Donegal township ; Mary, who married Harry Miller, of Mt. Joy ; Milton, who resides on the old farm, in Rapho township; and Elizabeth, who married F. B. F. Hoffer, a hardware merchant in Christiana, Peim- sylvania. Mrs. Leah (Nissley) Miller was born in East Donegal township, Aug. 30, 1835, a daughter of Peter and Catherine (Krider) Nissley, the former of whom was a well-known preacher in the Men- nonite Church, and also a farmer. His birth occur- red July 22, 1802, and his death in 1893, after a long life full of good deeds. The beloved mother had preceded him niany years before, her death taking place in 185 1. Both were buried in the cemetery of the Donegal Mennonite Church, where he had min- istered for forty years. The children bom to Rev. Peter and Catherine Nissley were: Mary, who married Rev. Solomon Swartz, a U. B. minister in Dauphin county ; Esther, who died at the age' of twentyTone ; John K., de- 38 ceased ; Leah, who is the only survivor of her fam- ily ; Christiann, who died unmarried ; Barbara, who married C. F. Hostetter ; Catherine, who died when but seventeen; and Annie, who died at the age of two. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Miller was Rev. Christian Nissley, of Donegal township, where he was for many years a Mennonite minister of prominence. He married a Miss Graybill and they had three sons, John, who became a deacon in the Mennonite Church ; Hon. Jacob, a farmer, who also became an Assemblyman from this county; and Peter, the father of Mrs. Miller. On the maternal side the grandfather also was a minister, the Rev. John Krider, who married a member of the Denlinger family, of Lancaster county. Mr. Miller is a stanch Republican, and is one of the leading members of the Mennonite Church, with which the family has so long been prominently con- nected. CHARLES RYNEAR, now a retired farmer of Bart township, Lancaster county, was born in Upper Dublin, Montgomery county, Nov. 10, 1822, a son of William and Sarah (Spencer) Rynear, both of whom were born in Montgomery county, where they were married. For some years they lived in what was known as the Indian Settlement, near Rochester, N. Y., and then moved to Oxford, Chester county, to engage in a hotel business for several years. The last few months of his life, William Rynear spent at Dry Wells, in Eden township, Lancaster county. After his death, his widow with her four children' moved to the "Old Trap Tavern" on the Newport road in Bart township. She later became the wife of Frederick Rogers, and made her home at George^ town. There she died, leaving one daughter, by her second husband, Catherine, now the wife of Arthur Stewart, of Georgetown. ■ Charles Rynear is the oldest child born to his parents. Elizabeth, the oldest daughter, was born in New York. She married Peter Ibaugh, a ma- chinist, who died several years ago. She lives in Christiana and has five children: Sarah, Spencer, George, Bruce and Louis. The second daughter, Harriett, married Isaac N. Lewis ; both have passed away, Mr. Lewis on July 20, 1891, and his wife May II, 1896. They had three children, Ellen and Jenette, deceased, and William E., of Harrisburg. The fourth child of William Rynear was Jonathan Rynear, who was born in Montgomery county, and became a soldier in the Civil war. He enlisted in a company formed in Juniata county, and made a good record, both as a gallant soldier, and a loyal and devoted citizen. After the war he married in Juniata county, where he still resides. They have three children; Sarah, Edwin and Charles. Charles Rynear was reared to manhood in Lan- caster county, and given a somewhat limited educa- tion. After the death of his father much of the care of his younger brother and sisters fell on him. Mr. 594 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Rynear was married in January, 1849, to Rachel M., the daughter of Henry and Eliza A. (Swisher) Key- lor, one of the prominent families of Bart township. Henry Keylor was born in Germany in 1792, and his wife in Colerain township, in September, 1809. She was a daughter of John and Rachel (Woodrow) Swisher, who had their home in Colerain township, and came of Swiss parentage. Henry Keylor was married in 1827, and established his home on a farm in Bart township, where he Hved until a few years before his death. He bought a home at Nine Points, where he died in 1875. His widow passed to her rest in 1891. To Plenry Keylor and his wife were born five children. ( i ) Rachel, who is Mrs. Rynear, was born in May, 1828, and was given a very fair education in the public schools of the day. (2) Martha E., born in 1830, the widow of Joseph Clark, lives in Chester county, near her four children, Henry, Harland, Jen- nie and Walter, Oscar and Samuel C. having died. {3) Elizabeth J., born in Bart township in December, 1832, is the widow of Robert A. Ferguson, and still lives at Nine Points with her two daughters, Nora and Ellen ; Ellen is the wife of Samuel McComsey of Philadelphia. (4) John J., born in 1834, married Jane McClure, and has a home in Mechanicsburg. They have three children, Dr. Walter M., Lillie E. •and William J. (5) Jacob K., born in 1837, married Rebecca Rutter, of Bart township, where they live on their farm. They have five children, Howard, Maggie J., Ella, Adam and Henry. Mr. and Mrs. Rynear settled at their present home in 1849 ; on this place he has made extensive improvements, clearing over a hundred acres, erect- ing a good set of farm buildings, and developing one of the choice country homes of Bart township. To them have come two children. William B. Rynear, who was born in 1851, mar- ried Anna M. Keylor, a daughter of Milton Keylor, of Colerain township. They reside in that township on their fine farm, with their two children : Rebecca A., and Spencer C. ; Rebecca A. is a graduate of the Pennsylvania State Normal School at Millersville and is now teaching. Margaret J. Rynear, the daughter, was born in T854, and is the wife of William Hollis, a prosperous farmer of Bart township. Mr. Rynear is associated with the Friends. He is a Democrat, and has held the position of school director for fifteen years, also serving one term as supervisor of Bart township. Mr. and Mrs. Ry- near have lived to see Bart township grow from al- most a wilderness to its present rich and prosperous condition, and their industrious and useful lives have contributed much to the welfare of the community. ABRAM KLINE has for many years been one of the most prominent residents of Lancaster county, his active connection with numerous enterprises of "interest and benefit to that section early bringing him into favorable notice, and he has throughout life sustained the highest reputation for honor and integrity in every association. No citizen of Man- heim has shown a more progressive spirit, or more enterprise in undertaking and carrying on to com- pletion whatever he thinks will promote the welfare of the town ; and he is equally interested in the well being and prosperity of his friends and neighbors, a fact which accounts for the confidence displayed by them in intrusting him with public, affairs. Mr. Kline is a native of Lancaster county, born June 17, 1828, near Silver Sjpring, in East Hemp- field township, where his father, Jacob Kline, was also born. Jacob Kline spent his early life in his na- tive township, and at the time of his death was a resident of Schoeneck, this county. He was first en- gaged as a stone mason, later as a farmer, and ac- quired a comfortable competence. In religion he was a devout member of the Mennonite Church. Mr. Kline married Miss Susan Hiestand, who, like himself, was of German descent. , She was the third in order of birth of the large fa!mily of John Hie- stand. The later was an extensive land owner near Landisville, and one of the first distillers of his re- gion. Abram Kline passed his early years on the farm, remaining on the old homestead until he was fifteen years of age. His education was received in the lo- cal schools. He learned carpentering and cabinet- making, serving first with G. W. Peters, of Colum- bia, this county, and completing his apprenticeship, which covered a period of four years, with Rabe & Leib, in Philadelphia. On his return' to Lancaster county, he was engaged at his trade by John Dyer, of Manheim, continuing this until he determined to try merchandising. Mr. Kline's first experience in this line was with P. & G. Arndt, and he subse- quently was sent to Mt. Joy as the representative of Philip Arndt, of P. Arndt, Shaffner & Co., lumber dealers. Returning to Manheim in 185 1, he pur- chased an interest in the business of P. & G. Arndt, and for four years was one of the most prominent business men in the place, finally disposing of his share in the concern to enter other fields in Philadel- phia. There he remained over fifteen years, becom- ing a member of the firm of Stein, Wanner & Co., extensive importers and jobbers of china, glassware and queensware ; from this he retired because the multiplicity of .demands upon him was affecting his health. During this time he invented an improve- ment on a glass fruit jar, which brought him $21,- 000. In 1 87 1 Mr.. Kline returned to Manheim and embarked in the business which has since claimed his attention ; his lumber yard has the reputation of being the best equipped along the Reading and Co- lumbia Railway. A gentleman once remarked that it was the best organized yard in the State. The ca- pacity for shedding lumber is half a million feet. The hardware store, located on the corner of Stiegel and South Charlotte streets, has a frontage of twenty-two feet on the latter, and extends to a depth of 100 feet. The store room extends forty feet along BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 595 Charlotte street, the front being entirely of glass. A heavy stock, of all kinds of hardware, is carried, and the establishment enjoys a large patronage from Manheim and the surrounding country. Mr. Kline is the largest real estate owner in Manheim, and he has erected a number of modern houses, all of them a credit to the owner and an im- provement to the section of the town in which they are located. Thus Mr. Kline's enterprise has bene- fited the town, as well as brought him prosperity, for Tiis undertakings have all been on an extensive scale. Though he has been wholly successful in business his reward has been well merited, for no man has carried a higher standing in financial circles. His ability and tact are manifest to all who have had dealings with him. For a number of years past Mr. Kline has been ably assisted by his son, Charles A. who has proved himself capable and energetic in every respect. As a public-spirited citizen Abram Kline has long been recognized as one of the leaders in the town. His influence has always been on the side of progress, whether promoting new business en- terprises or advocating public improvements, and his careful and judicious management of his" own affairs inspired confidence in his ability to handle the affairs of the municipality. His alertness and quickness of perception have been evident on more than one occasion, and, being backed by good judg- ment, his opinion on all subjects is eagerly sought and valued. The part he has taken in borough af- fairs is well known. When he was burgess the streets were improved by being graded, curbed and macadamized. He is one of 'the originators and is president of the Manheim Building Association; one of the incorporators and president of the Man- heim Fafrview Cemetery Association; one of the original subscribers to the Manheim and Lititz turn- pike, and likewise to the Manheim and Sporting Hill turnpike; one of the incorporators and direc- tors of the Manheim Fire Insurance Association; president of the Manheim Water Company, an un- usually successful enterprise which paid a dividend from the start, and the stock of which is now at a premium. While in Philadelphia Mr. Kline served four years as a member of the city council, repre- senting the thirteenth ward ; he was one of the most prominent members in that body, and his value was recognized by his appointment to positions on the committees of Finance, Schools, Water, and the Girard Estate, House of Correction and others. He always manifested a deep interest in the welfare of the city. One of the original Centennial commit- tee, he went, to Washington frequently with that body to have the exposition go where it went. New York City at the time having made a lively contest for the great enterprise. He has always been an active Republican in politics since the days of Fre- mont. In 1883 Mr. Kline thought it best for the party to vote for John Stewart for Governor, and accordingly took an active interest in that notable campaign. Shortly after the war broke out Mr. Kline left Philadelphia with a militia company, and served in the command that was stationed at Hagerstown, guarding the government stores during the engage- ment at Antietam. In 1863 he was again mustered into the United States militia service for ninety days, and was with the command that guarded one of the South Mountain approaches near Funkstown. He is a member of Gen. Heintzelman Post, G. A. R. In 1852 Mr. Kline was united in marriage with Miss Caroline E. Arndt, daughter of Philip Arndt, of Manheim, and three children blessed this union, namely : Mary E., wife of H. H. Gingrich, cashier of the Farmers' National Bank of Lititz; Ida A., wife of Wayne A. Ensminger ; and Charles A. The family residence, in East High street, is one of the finest in the city, and Mr. Kline, who does not now attend so closely to business, passes many pleasant hours there among his books. From youth he has been an earnest member of the Reformed Church,, in which he has served many years as elder, and he is one of the most active workers in the Sunday- school, having taught the Bible class for some years. All the religious and benevolent enterprises of the town receive his hearty approval and sub- stantial encouragement. Indeed, there is nothing of interest or good to his fellow men which Mr. Kline does not uphold, and his approval is never passive, invariably manifesting itself in some prac- tical way. He is a warm friend and is beloved by many in the city of his adoption. REV. HENRY REED SMITH, who was, by marriage, a member of a family which had been very prominent in the Episcopal ministry for nearly a. century in and about the eastern part of Pennsyl- vania, was for ten years pastor of St. John's Episcopal Church, at Compassville, Chester county, where he endeared himself to the people by his many noble traits of character, and by the fine ability which he displayed in the pulpit. Rev. Henry R. Smith was a native of the town of Lancaster, where he was born Nov. 14, 1833. He suffered death while bathing at Beach Haven, N. J., Aug. 21, 187s, he at that time being a resident of Gwynedd, Montgomery county. Rev. Smith was the eldest child of Richard S. and Mary S. (Triss- ler) Smith, of Lancaster, the former of whom came to Lancaster when a young man, and engaged in the drug business. When the son, Henry, was but one year old the family removed to Philadelphia, where the father continued the drug business. They were members of the Episcopal Church, and were greatly respected. Their children were : Henry R. ; William J., a pi-ofessional nUrse now living in Philadelphia ; Mary D-, who married Rev. Henry C. Pastorius, a Protestant Episcopal minister at Lahsford, Pa. ; and Sarah and W. Atlee, who died young. §96 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Rev. Henry R. Smith was reared to manhood in the city of Philadelphia, where he was given a thor- ough education, and where he remained until 1862. He was not trained for the ministry in youth, but for a business career, which he entered early, and was for fifteen years with Horstmann & Sons, large manufacturers and importers. His qualifications and temperament were such, however, that his friends urged him to prepare for the ministry, and he, therefore, took a course in Theology, and was ordained to the ministry of the Episcopal Church. His first charge was St. John's Church, Cdmpassville Chester Co., Pa., where he settled in 1862, and where he remained for the following ten years. Owing to failing health, he then retired from the active duties of the ministry and removed to Gwynedd, Pa., at which place he resided at the time of his death. On April 24, 1862, Rev. Smith was married to Grace Clarkson, in the Epiphany Church, Phila- delphia, just prior to settling in his ministerial work. Their children were Clarkson, born June 2, 1863; Henry R., born March 17, 1865 ; Emery S., born Dec. 26, 1867; and Isaac Diller, born Aug. 15, 1872. Of these Clarkson and Isaac Diller died in youth; and Henry R. and Emery S., both unmarried are electricians. Mrs. Smith removed to Lititz, Lan- caster Co.. Pa., just after the death of her husband, but in 1880 came to Lancaster, her native place, where she enjoys the society of old friends. She was bom in Lancaster, a daughter of Gerardus and Susan (Trissler) Clarkson. Gerardus Clarkson was born in Wilmington, Del., while his father Rev. Joseph Clarkson, was minister of the Old Swedes Church, of that city. . Mr. Clarkson was for a period of forty years connected with the Farmers' Bank of Lan- caster, the latter part of which service was as cashier, and he was a man of fine business ability and held in high repute in the business circles of the city. He retired a few months prior to his decease. Both he and his wife lie buried in St. James Church ceme- tery, of which church they were leading and prom- inent members under Rev. William A. Muhlenberg, both of them being remembered as having been es- pecially distinguished for their beautiful voices and which were for long years heard in the choir of St. James Church. Their children were: Joseph, de- ceased in 1889 ; Edward, retired and living in North- ampton county ; Gerardus, deceased in 1867; Robert deceased in 1879; Samuel, deceased in 1894; Mary, widow of Thomas W. Henderson, living near Park- csburg, Chester Co., Pa. ; Grace (Mrs. H. R. Smith) ; Susan, residing in Washington, D. C, and the widow of Miles Roch, a renowned scientist and geologist who died in Guatemala City ; and Michael, the youngest child, who died in 1890. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Smith were Rev. Joseph and Grace (Cook) Clarkson, the former a native of Philadelphia, the latter of New Brunswick, N. S. He was one of the early ministers of the Episcopal Church in Lancaster and was ordained by the emin- ent and scholarly Bishop William A. White on his return from England. Rev. Joseph was a son of Dr. Gerardus Clarkson, an eminent physician of Philadelphia in his day. DAVID CHARLES HAVERSTICK, the vet- eran pressman in the city of Lancaster, and who for many years has been superintendent of the Ex- aminer press rooms, is of the fourth generation of Haversticks in Lancaster county. Col. Michael Haverstick, his great-grandfather, was a native of Germany, and came to America when twenty-three years old, making the voyage in the ship "Enropa," Capt. Lunsdaine, from Rot- terdam, and landing in Philadelphia Nov. 17, 1741. He came to Lancaster county and was naturalized in 1 75 1. He located on the Conestoga creek, be- tween Wabank and New Danville. He was the father of six sons and four daughters, viz.: Will- iam, Jacob, Michael, Rudolph, John, Matthias, Mary Elizabeth, Barbara, Catharine and Ann Mary. In 1775 he was chosen one of the committee of obser- vation of Lancaster county. He served in the army of the Revolution, and rose to the rank of colonel. Himself and family were members of the Reformed Church. He died in 1793, when seventy-five years of age, leaving an estate (as per his will) valued at £7,000. He is buried in one of the private grave- yards in the vicinity of his home. Jacob Haverstick, the grandfather of David C,, lived along the Conestoga creek, near Wabank, in this county, and there was born David Haver- stick, the father of David Charles. David Haver- stick married Sarah Ann Warfel, daughter of a farmer of New Danville, and eight children were born to them, five of whom are yet living: Lydia A., widow of Abraham Lind, of this county; Mar- garet, wife of George E. Zellers, master fnechanic of cotton mills No. 2 and No. 3, Lancaster ; David C, of whom we will more particularly write ; Edward, a corporal in the I22d P. V. I., who died in the service in 1863 ; Cyrus, who died in early man- hood; Benjamin, a soldier in the United States army, and now stationed in San Francisco ; Rolandes, now deceased; and Mary Jane, widow of James Strachan, of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. David C. Haverstick was born in 1838, in Stras- burg township, Lancaster Co., Pa., and received his education in the schools of his birthplace. At the age of thirteen years he came to Lancaster city, and in 1854 entered the old Express office as an ap- prentice to the printing -business, and soon became an expert pressman. He has been superintendent of the press room of the Express (now merged in the Examiner) for more than forty y^ars, his only absence from his work being when he was serving nine months as fifth sergeant in the I22d Regiment, P. V. I. In 1865 ^^- Haverstick was married to Miss Anna St. John, a native of Baltimore, Md., and daughter of Taylor and Rebecca St. John, who came to Lancaster from Connecticut. To this union five BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 597 •children were born, as follows : Edward Linnaeus, who died in 1872 in early childhood ; Myra St. John, a well known and talented teacher and elocutionist, a graduate of the State Normal School at Millersville, who died in 1892; Miss Bertha St. John, living at home; Aimee St. John, wife of Rev. H. S. Shelley, pastor of the Reformed Church at Willowstreet, Lan- caster Co., Pa.; and Ernest War f el, born June i, 1878, now engaged in the jeweling department of the Hamilton Watch Co., Lancaster. A Republican in politics, Mr. Haver stick, how- ■ever, has never taken any active part in political af- fairs, although frequently urged to do so. Outside of the church he belongs to the Y. M. C. A., the City Bible Society, and the Mechanics' Library Society and G. A. R. He is a member of the St. Paul's Re- formed Church, in which he has also been an elder, and secretary of the consistory of same for twenty or more years ; and he was superintendent of the Sun- day-school for a long time. He has been secretary of the Lancaster City Bible Society some eighteen years, vice-president of the Mechanics' Library So- ■ciety, and was president of the Lancaster Y. M. C. A. for nine years, during which he did yeoman service in wiping. out the debt of the old Association build- ing. In all the walks of life — in social intercourse, in church, in newspaper circles, and among the com- -munity at large — ^no man commands and receives "higher esteem than does David Charles Haverstick. JONAS H. NOLT, a highly respected retired general farmer and tobacco raiser in West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, now resid- ing in Columbia , was born on his present farm Jan. 4, 1840, his parents, Jacob and Elizabeth (Hoff- man) Nolt being also natives of this township. Jacob Nolt was reared as a farmer, and agricul- ture was the pursuit of his life. He died in West Hempfield township in 1880, when sixty-eight years ■old, but his wife survived until 1894, when she passed away at the age of seventy-two years, in the faith of the Dunkard Church," the remains of both being interred in Silver Spring Cemetery. Their children were but three in number, and they were iDorn and named in the following order : Jonas H., -whose name is mentioned above; Mary, who died -unmarried in 1866; and Jacob, a farmer in West Hempfield township. The Nolt family for genera- -tions back, engaged in farming, and the present gen- eration on both sides is no exception to the rule. Jonas H. Nolt was united in marriage, in Lan- •caster, in 1866, with Miss Elizabeth Heise, a native •of West Hempfield township, and a daughter of Harry and Hannah (Heidler) Heise ; of whom ■more may be learned by referring to the sketch of B. Frank Heise, her brother, to be found elsewhere. This happy marriage of Jonas H. and Elizabeth Nolt has been blessed with four children, two of "W'horo, however, died in infancy; Paris was called away at the early age of ten years; and Harvey, liorn Sept. 7, 1872, now making his home under the parental rooftree, was married June 18, 1901, to Mary A. Grove, who was born near Mountville, in West Hempfield township, July i, 1878, daughter of Abraham H. and Fannie (Garber) Grove. Jonas H. Nolt has always been of domestic, as well as of industrious, habits, and he has ever been content to make his present farm his lifelong abid- ing place. He has not been neglectful, however, of the affairs of his township, but has been public- spirited and prompt to promote local progress with his time and means when called upon, having served nine years as school director, and having been a director in the Central National -Bank of Columbia since its organization. In politics a Republican, he has been ardent in his support of the principles of his party and active in promoting its success at the polls, but he has remained satisfied with the conscious- ness of having done his part in this quiet way toward bringing about a victorious result, regardless of self or of reward through appointment to public office or other share of "party spoils." Socially Mr. Nolt enjoys the friendship and re- spect of the best people in West Hempfield town- ship, and is universally recognized as being honora- ble and upright in all transactions of a business character. He retired from farm life in the spring of 1902, and now resides in Columbia, leaving his son as his successor. The Hoffman family, from which Mr. Nolt is descended in maternal lines, has long been well known in the county. His mother, Elizabeth (Hoff- man) Nolt, was a daughter of Christ Hoffman, who was born and raised in West Hempfield township. He had a large tract of farming land near Ironville (now the property of the Jacob Hostetter family). He had two brothers, Daniel, of Indianapolis, Ind. ; and Mike, who lived on a pretty farm in Stark coun- ty, Ohio, and who is survived by one son, Henry. Christ Hoffman married Betsy Haymaker, who bore him twelve children, as follows : Jacob, who died in 1889, aged seventy-seven, leaving children, Jacob, John, Martin and Fanny ; John, who lives at Chest- nut Hill, on a farm ; Christly, who died unmarried ; Joseph, who married and died ; Fred, who is de- ceased; Maria; Elizabeth, who became Mrs. Nolt; Nancy, Mrs. Whitman, born in 1820, now living near Manheim, the only survivor of the family; Sarah, married and the mother of four sons and three daughters ; Mollie, Mrs. Shannon ; Bevia, who died at home; and Maria (2). CHRISTIAN ERISMAN, a retired farmer, whose pleasant and attractive home is at Sporting Hill, Rapho township, Lancaster county, was born on the site of the Erisman's Meeting House, which formed a part of the family homestead in Rapho township, Feb. 2, 1816, a son of Jacob and Mary (Metz) Erisman. His parents were both born and reared in Rapho township, where they passed their lives, and when they died their remains were laid to rest in the cemetery connected with Erisman's 598 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Church. The father served as supervisor one year, and was an honorable and highly respected citizen and member of the community. Both he and his wife belonged to the Mennonite Church, and in that faith they reared their family. Their children were : Maria, who died at the age of thirteen years; Elizabeth, who died unmarried at the age of eighty- three years; Nancy, late \yife of Christ. Hershey; Christian ; Jacob, who died at the age of sixty-five years; Abraham, who died at the age of seventy- five years; Fanny, the widow of John Baker, who lives in East Hempfield township ; Hen:;y, unmar- ried ; Mary, unmarried and living in Salunga, Pa. ; John, a farmer on the old homestead in Rapho township. The paternal grandfather of Christian Erisman was Abraham Erisman ; he was a farmer, and spent his life in Lancaster county. The maternal grand- parents were Christ, and Mary (Hackman) Metz, farming people of Lancaster county. Christ. Metz was a son of Ludwig Metz, who was born in Ger- many; coming later to America, in 1771 he built a stone house on a farm in Rapho township, where he spent his last years. Christian Erisman was married March 17, 1840, in Lancaster, Pa., to Catherine Hostetter, by whom he had the following children: Susan, unmarried, and living with her parents ; Elizabeth H., who mar- ried Joseph Kraybill, a farmer in Clay township; Metz J., a commission merchant in Philadelphia ; Sarah A., who died unmarried; Albert, deceased, who married Lovina Stehman; Mary, who married Benjamin Miller, and lives in Masonville, Pa. ; Elenora, who died young ; Amelia G., who married Eli Baumberger, of Manheim, Pennsylvania. Mrs. Catherine (Hostetter) Erisman was born in Warwick township, Lancaster county, April 27, 1818, a daughter of the Rev. Jacob and Elizabeth (Miller) Hostetter. Her father was born in Penn township, and her mother in East Hempfield. Both died on the old farm in Penn township, near Man- heim. They were members of the Mennonite Church, of which he was a distinguished preacher for more than fifty-eight years, being a bishop of that church for thirty-four years. He died April 6, i86r, at the age of ninety years, seven months, and twenty-three days. His widow survived until 1868, when she too passed away, at the age of ninety-one years, three months and three days. Their remains rest in a private burying ground on their old homestead. Born to the Rev. Jacob and Elizabeth Hostet- ter were the following children : John ; Mary, who lived to be seventy years old; Anna, the wife of Christ. Wissler; Susan, the wife of John Shaffer; and Martha, the wife of John Stuffer, all five of whom are dead ; Barbara, who married Joseph Her- shey ; Jacob, deceased ; Catherine, noted above ; Fan- ny, the late wife of David Hershey; David, de- ceased. Christian Erisman remained with his parents until his marriage, when he located for himself in Rapho township, where he carried on the buying- and selling of stock in connection with his farming: operations until 1882. That year he retired, and is. now enjoying the fruits of an industrious and well- spent life. He removed his home to Sporting Hill, where he has formed many pleasant associations, and is passing his last days in the serene enjoyment of the privileges and pleasures that should attend a well ripened life. At one time he was super- visor, and for six years acted as school director. He is a member of the Mennonite Church, and his- life is honest and open to all the world. Politically he is a Republican, and is exceedingly well informed on all the current issues of the day. JOHN CONRAD, the genial and popular pro- prietor of the Union Hotel, is one of the well-known and highly regarded citizens of Providence town- ship. He was born Oct. 9, 1833, in Pequea town- ship, son of Daniel and Mary (Erisman) Conrad- Daniel Conrad was born in 1791, and came to- America from Germany. He followed the black- smith business through life and died in 1857. In his political convictions he was a staunch Democrat. His religious connection was with the German Re- formed Church. He married Mary Erisman, wh* was born in 1798 and died Dec. 30, 1883, and they had a family of eleven children, as follows : Ben- jamin, deceased ; Jacob, who resides in Refton, Pa. ; Susan, who married Benjamin Yordy; Mary, who married Reuben Phautz; Barbara, Daniel and George, all deceased; John; Henry, who resides in New Danville, Pa. ; Elizabeth, who married Jacob> D. Landis ; and Martha, who is the widow of John Mohn. John Conrad grew up on the honie farm and attended the common schools of his district. He followed farming until 1865, when he became a member of Co. D, 195th P. V. I., and served as a faithful soldier through the Virginia campaign in the Civil war, being -mustered out of the service in 1866. He has long been prominently identified with» Democratic politics, and was made the first postmas- ter of New Danville, in 1857, under President James. Buchanan. On Jan. 14, 1858, Mr. Conrad was married to- Miss Mary Brenneman, born Oct. 6, 1837, daughter of Christian and Catherine (McFalls) Brenneman, of Providence township. This family is one of prominence in the county and more extended men- tion of it will be found in another part of this vol- ume. A family of eleven children has been born to- Mr. and Mrs. Conrad, viz. : Catherine P., born Feb. 14, 1859, who married Simon Gochenaur and has two children, Jenny and Mary ; Mary E., born March 24, 1861, who married Jefferson Groff, of Providence township, and has two children, Charles- and Walter; Christian F., born May 12, 1862, who- died March 20, 1877 : Naomi J., born Sept. 30* 1864, the wife of Joseph Long, of Providence township. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 599 and the mother of two children, John and Carrie; John F., born Jan. 3, 1867, who married Anna Engle and had one son, John, now deceased; Susan, born March 9, 1869, who is the wife of Robert Heisler and has a daughter, Clara ; Abraham B., born May 25, 1871, a soldier in the Philippine Islands, married to Barbara Seaman, of Nebraska; Maggie B., born Feb. T3, 1873, who married Walter Evans and has five children, Oscar, Augusta, Estella, Mary and Clementine; Emma L., born Jan. 22, 1875, who is the wife of Aldus Book, of Drumore township and has had three children, Lawrence (deceased), Mary and John ; Estella, born Dec. 4, 1876, who is the wife of George Lyties, of Drumore township and the mother of two children, Anna Mary and Grace ; and Charles W., born Sept. 9, 1878, who married Mazie Reinhart and has had two children, Lawrence W. ("deceased) and Dorothy. Jenny Gochena^ur, the daughter of Catherine P., married Ira Book and has one child, Bessy, the great-grandchild of our sub- ject. Although in his early career Mr. Conrad was hampered to some extent by limited means, his en- ergy and industry surmounted adverse circum- stances, and he and his capable and estimable wife can now enjoy every comfort in their advancing years. He has been able to rear a large family and give them proper advantages, and he also has ac- cumulated much more than a competency, owns a fine farm in Providence township and a paying hotel in the village of Union. He is known as a man of reliability and is considered one of the most hon- orable citizens of the township. AARON WITMER, for forty years a veterin- ary surgeon of Lancaster county, was one of the old and respected residents of West Lampeter township, where he owned a fine farm of seventy-six acres, this being a part of the estate added by his father to the old homestead. Aaron Witmer was born April 13, 1832, on the old home land and attended the public schools, but early in life manifested an interest in the proper rearing and care of stock, particularly horses, and, in order to fit himself with sufficient knowledge to make his own animals remain in the best condition, he began the scientific study of the horse. This re- sulted in an accurate knowledge that was increased and encouraged by a course of two years' reading under Dr. C. N. Shanb, when he was so proficient that he- was made a life member of the Veterinary Association at Philadelphia. Although Aaron Witmer continued to farm, his time soon became so filled with demands for the prac- tice of his profession that he could not confine him- self to agricultural pursuits, for all through Lan- caster county, and into farther counties, he has been called upon in a professional way. At present his son, who read and studied under his supervision, has succeeded to the profession. There is no doubt but that every stockraiser should have a general knowledge of the veterinary art, but to master it re- quires quite as assiduous study as does the science of medicine. In 1854 Aaron Witmer was married to Mary Herr, a daughter of Abraham Herr, of Pequea town- ship, who was born there Dec. 19, 1831 ; and to this union three children were born : Frank E., born July 27, 1855, a farmer of West Lampeter township, liv- ing on a part of the father's old home, who married Mary Ann Herr, a daughter of Joseph Herr, and had five children, Ida, Jacob, Elmer, Frank 'and Esther ; Abraham H., bom June 10, 1857, a farmer, gardener and florist, residing on the adjoining farm, who mar- ried Mary A. Bachman, a daughter of Eli Bachman, of Lampeter, and has three sons, Eli, John and George ; and J. Elam, born May 25, 1859, a farmer and veterinary surgeon of this township, who mar- ried Lizzie Bachman, a daughter of Eli Bachman, and had three children, Ross, Willis and Mary. Aaron Witmer died Nov. 15, 1900. The family is prominently connected with the Mennonite Church, and all are well known through the town- ship as honorable and esteemed citizens. ABRAHAM B. SNAVELY (deceased) was during his active years one of the leading farmers of Pequea township, prominent and active in public affairs, and useful in the community as a neighbor, citizen and friend. Mr. Suavely was born in December, 1823, near Wheatland Mills, Lampeter township, a son of Abraham B. and Elizabeth (Buckwalter) Suavely; the father was born in 1787, in wha,t is now Pequea (then Conestoga) township, and the mother in 1789. They were plain, unassuming country people, en- gaged in farming during the greater part of their lives, and identified with the New or Reformed Men- nonite Church, in which faith they reared their chil- dren. The father was a minister in that denomina- tion. They were married in 1809, and the union was blessed with children as follows: Annie, Mrs. Weaver ; Benjamin, who also married ; Abraham B., who is referred to more fully farther on ; Martha, un- married, and now deceased ; and Fannie, who mar- ried. The father of this family died in 1866, and the mother passed away the previous year. Abraham B. Suavely was reared on his father's farm, passing his youth until he was twenty years of age alternately between work on the farm and at- tendance in winter at the neighborhood district school ; under the direction of his father he became thoroughly acquainted with general farming opera- tions. He remained at home vmtil 1866, in which year he became the owner of the farm in Pequea township, upon which he lived for the next twenty- six or seven years, until his removal to New Dan- ville, in 1893. Upon that farm were achieved the triumphs and successes of his life, and it was the scene of his toils and labors, his joys and his sor- rows, in all of which his faithful helpmeet shared. That farm, the old homestead, is a fine property. '600 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY very desirable in many respects ; upon it are good and substantial buildings and other improvements, while its fields are fertile and productive, and from them Mr. Snavely for only a little less than fifty years derived a good income, engaging in general •farming and stock raising. From the spring of 1893 until his decease Mr. Snavely lived in retire- ment at New Danville, he and his wife passing life's evening in a comfortable home, in the enjoyment of plenty. They united with the Reformed Mennon- ite Church April 22, 1900. Mr. Snavely attained the age of almost four score, dying Nov. 20, 1901. Mr. Snavely's political affiliations were with the Republican party, to which he was most loyal. On four different occasions he was sent as a delegate to county conventions ; he was active in party affairs and for three terms served as judge of elections, also the same length of time as inspector of elections ; he served one term as school director and three terms as township assessor. In all these varied po- sitions he was faithful and honorable, and his reputa- tion as a public man was above reproach. In December, 1856, Mr. Snavely married Cath- erine Rohrer, a native of this county, and to them were born two children, Rohrer and Stoner. BYRON GRISWOLD DODGFJ is a representa- tive business man and citizen of Lancaster, where he is head of the Armstrong Cork Works, and sole own- er of the Safety Buggy Works. Mr. Dodge's fixst ancestors in this country were two brothers who landed at Old Salem, Mass., in 1629, both being gentleman of leisure and large for- tune. His grandfather, John Dodge, was born in Claremont, N. H. His father, George W. Dodge, was a cork manufacturer, and in company with his son, Byron G.. established large works in Lancaster. "The father died in March, 1890. He married Miss Deborah E. Griswold, of Berlin, N. Y., and to this union came two children : Ella . J., wife of Rev. Henry G. Appenzeler, of the M. E. Church, now a missionary in Corea; and Byron G., of Lancaster. Byron Griswold Dodge was born in Berlin, N. Y., Sept. 16, 185 1, and was educated there in the pub- lic schools, closing his studies at a boarding school in Vermont, a preparatory school for Williams Col- lege. After leaving school he worked on a farm until nineteen, when he learned the machinist's trade at Westerly, R. I., in a printing-press factory. He then went into the cork business with his father, at Berlin, and came to Lancaster in August, 1876. Their works were first located on Fulton street, the present site of Rose Brothers' umbrella factory, and they later built the excellent plant on the Pennsyl- vania railroad, near McGrann's Park, which with the Armstrong Cork Works does about three-fourths of the entire cork business of which it is a syndicate part, the Lancaster and the Pittsburg works being the two largest in the country. In the Lancaster works six hundred people are employed, and many thousand dollars are annually distributed by this in- stitution through the various channels of trade in Lancaster. The Safety Buggy Works, which belong entirely to Mr. Dodge, rank among the most ex- tensive industries of the place, employing some 150 men. Besides his interests in the foregoing, Mr. Dodge is president of the International Cream Sep- arator Co., at Grant and Christian streets, a con- cern of rapidly increasing strength. Mr. Dodge married Miss Anna Smart, daugh- ter of Capt. Elisha Smart, who was killed while leading his company in an engagement of the Civil war; his regiment was formed at North Adams, Mass. Four children were born of this marriage: Leon G., now superintendent of his father's Safety Buggy Works ; Miss Anna, at home ; George, who graduated from the State College in June, 1901 ; and Arthur, attending Cornell University, class of 1904. _ Mr. Dodge is a member of the First M. E. Church. He lives in an elegant home near the cor- ner of North Duke and Frederick streets, and his stable contains a string of thoroughbred horses, in which he finds one of his chief recreations. The en- tire family are lovers of horseflesh, and all have their especial equine pets. Mr. Dodge is a liberal, pro- gressive and intelligent man of affairs, whose in- fluence for good is often felt in Lancaster. EMANUEL R. SHIRK belongs to one of the old and respected families of Lancaster county. Emanuel H. Shirk, his father, was born in West Cocalico township Jan. 16, 181 1. He was a farmer and gave his entire attention to agriculture until his death, which occurred in 1873. In politics he was a staunch Republican and a very active member in the ranks of his party, which he represented in many State and county conventions. Religiously he was a member of the German Baptist Church. He mar- ried Miss Catherine Royer, and they were the par- ents of ten children: Fianna, wife of Hiram Bol- linger ; Emanuel R. ; Hiram, a farmer of Indiana ; Salinda, wife of John Hagey ; Lavina, wife of David Butzer : John, of Ephrata ; Catherine, wife of Addi- son Longenecker; Leah, wife of Albert Mumma; Edward, a cigar maker; and Ementize, who died in childhood. Emanuel R. Shirk was born May 28, 1838, on the same farm where his father first saw the light, in West Cocalico township. He lived at home with his parents until he was twenty-three years of age, and during his earlier years attended the common schools. He began farming for himself on the old homestead, where he remained four years, and thence moved to Schoeneck, for three years, during which time he followed droving. His next removal was to Warwick township, where he commenced farming again, and he has continued it to the present time, meeting with substantial success. Mr. Shirk is one of the enterprising farmers of his locality, and one of its most public-spirited citizens. He has served his fellow townsmen faithfully in various offices, having been supervisor, assessor and for twelve BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 601 years member of the school board. In 1893 he was prison inspector, and held that office for six years. In politics he has always been an active member of the Republican party. Mr. Shirk married for his first wife Miss Sarah Bucher, and to this union were born five children: Fannie, who died unmarried; Mary, wife of Sam- . uel Zwally ; Emma, wife of Franklin Leeking ; Katie, ■wife of William Cuningham; and Sarah, wife of John Wolf. skill. The mother of the above named ■children died June 26, 1875, a-^d Mr. Shirk later mar- ried Miss Elizabeth Heffley, who died Oct. 19, 1899. JACOB R. WITMER. Looking backward to the year 1716, the family records of the Witmer fam- ily tell of one Benjamin Witmer, who, in company ■with his son, Abraham, left Switzerland with the in- teiation of founding a new home in the United States. His final location was made in Lancaster county, where Abraham purchased lands which have never passed out of the possession of the Witmer family. In 1739 both Benjamin and his son were naturalized, •so that their descendants are not Swiss, but repre- sent a portion of the best American citizens of the State of Pennsylvania. In 1719 there was another son born to Benjamin Witmer, named John. This John married Frances Roland and reared a family of seven children : An- na, wife of John Kendig ; John, who married Mary Harmen; Henry, who married Fanny Musser; David, married to Esther Kendig; Benjamin, who married Anna Brubaker ; Abraham, married to Molly Herr; and Daniel, married to Anna Newcomer. Abraham, the fifth son of this family, in 1798 built a stone bridge across the Conestoga creek, about one mile east of Lancaster, called Witmer's bridge, ■which is in good condition at the present day. The lands purchased by Abraham, son of the original Benjamin, descended by will at his death, in 1783, to his nephew, Benjamin Witmer. This nephew Benjamin had two children: Elizabeth, married to John Buckwalter; and Benjamin, who married Esther Buckwalter, and inherited his fa- ther's farm in 1822. Benjamin and Esther (Buck- Tvalter) Witmer reared these children: Nancy, •who married Abram Buchwalter; Polly, who mar- ried Abram Landis; David; Elizabeth, who mar- ried Abram Huntzberger; Lydia, who married Ja- cob Brubaker; and Benjamin, Esq. All of these lie ■buried in the old Mellinger graveyard, and all of them through life consistently lived up to the Old Mennonite faith. David Witmer was born in 1800, and until the time of his death, in 1875, devoted his life to agri- cultural pursuits. At the age of thirty-three he was ■ordained a minister in the Old Mennonite Church and he faithfully performed the duties attaching to the Mellinger and Stumptown stations. The Wit- mer lands, now owned by his son, were purchased hy David, at an appraisement made by his brothers and sisters, although he had but little ready money. and the assumed debt occasioned, at the time, con- siderable anxiety. His character was of such ex- cellence, and he was so beloved by his congregations that aid was immediately tendered him in order to clear the debt, but these kind offers were declined, and he labored harder on the land, and not only cleared it off, but at the time of his death left an es- tate valued at $40,000. David Witmer married Annie Rutt, who was born in 1798 and died in 1867, having been the de- voted mother of nine children : Elizabeth, who died at the age of sixty-nine years, unmarried; Abram, who lives retired at Mountville and married Mary Kendig, deceased; Esther; Annie, the widow of Christian Kendig; David; Jacob R. ; Barbara, who married Christian Frey, of Lancaster; Mary, de- ceased, who married Emanuel Herr ; and Benjamin, deceased, who m-arried Mary Kreider. Jacob R. Witmer was born Feb. 19, 1833, O" the farm which he now occupies. His education was received in the common schools of his district and his life has been passed in farming, his tastes lying in this direction. Immediately after mar- riage he took charge of the farm of his father-in- law, as manager, and profitably operated it until 1867, when he bought his present home of the other heirs. These lands are known through the town- ship as very desirable, and the improvements made by the present occupant have been of the most sub- stantial character. The marriage of Jacob R. Witmer occurred on Dec. 2, 1856, when he was united to Esther Ranck, a daughter of Samuel Ranck, a well-known miller of the locality. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Witmer are: Samuel, deceased, who married An- nie Grofif and was the father of two children, Jacob G. and Amelia, who make their home with their beloved grandfather ; Annie, who died at the early age of nineteen ; Susan, at home ; and Aaron, who married Ida Eby, superintends the home farm and has two children, Enos and Ada. No family possesses the esteem of the community in a higher degree than does the Witmer family of East Lampeter township, and none are more val- ued as consistent members of the Old Mennonite Church. WILLIAM DAGUE. One of the emphatically self-made retired farmers of Salisbury township, Lancaster county. Pa., is William Dague, who was born Sept. 18, 1830, near Cains post-office, in Salis- bury township, and has there passed his life in the pursuit of agriculture, with unvarying and marked success. His parents, David and Margaret (Ranck) Dague, were natives of Salisbury and Conestoga Valley, respectively, were agricultural people, and descended from a long line of farmers who had lived in the Keystone State for several generations. David Dague was a son of Andrew and Annie (Good) Da- gue, and his wife was a daughter of Peter and Mar- 602 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY garet (Eckholtz) Ranck. David Dague and his wife had eight children, viz. : William ; Margaret A., widow of John Glendenning, and a resident of Philadelphia ; Mary E., wife of Lorenzo Hackett, of Chester county; Lydia S., married to W. W. Lind- ville, a farmer of Salisbury township ; David R., who died young; Catherine C, wife of Evan Bustler, a farmer in East Earl township; Susan R., deceased wife of John M. Schultz ; and Peter A., a farmer at McGovernville, Pa. David Dague, the father of this family, was an extensive drover as well as farm- er, and was well kiiown in the former capacity throughout the country districts of Lancaster and adjoining counties. He lost his wife in 1878, when she was seventy-two years of age. She died in the faith of the Lutheran Church, and her remains were interred in the Pequea Church cemetery. David Dague died in 1881. William Dague early started out to make his way in the world. He was but fourteen years of age when, much against the wishes of his parents, he be- gan to work for the farmers of his neighborhood; he was of an independent spirit, and was desirous of earning something he could call his own and do with as he pleased. He was industrious, persistent and indefatigable, and soon won the approbation, encouragement and admiration of the farmers round about him and was never at a loss for employment at remtmerative wages. He thus worked as a farm hand for eight years, then teamed for a year, and then, through his frugality and industry having saved some funds, rented and stocked land for seven years. At the end of this period he found himself prepared for embarking more extensively in agri- culture, and he purchased a forty-five-acre farm in Salisbury township, to which he afterward added an eighty-acre tract along the foot hills. In March, 1852, Mr. Dague married Miss Su- sanna Warner, who was born in Salisbury town- ship in May, 1833, daughter of David and Susanna TGarber) Warner, the former of whom was a farmer and died in 1861, when seventy-seven years old; the latter died in 1864, at the same age, and their re- mains were interred in the Old Mennonite cemetery at Salisbury. They had six children, as follows : John, Jacob, Isaac, Eliza, Susanna (Mrs. Dague) and David, all now deceased. David and Eliza died unmarried. William and Susanna (Warner) Da- gue had children as follows: Anna M., who is married to Coleman Kurtz, a farmer of Salisbury township ; George N., a farmer of Salisbury town- ship, and married to Mary Mast ; Ella, wife of Dil- ler Hoover, who is a farmer in Salisbury township ; and Isaac W., who is married to Lillie Grist, and with his wife lives on the old homestead with his father. Mrs. Susanna (Warner) Dague was called from earth in March, 1894, deeply mourned by her husband and children. She was a devout Presby- terian and her remains were interred in the Pequea Church cemetery. In 1890, having acquired a competency, through his persevering industry, skillful management and unaided personal efforts, Mr. Dague retired irom the activities of life and sought the well-deserved rest he is now enjoying, surrounded by many warm- hearted friends and genial companions, as well as by his loving children who live in close proximity. Mr. Dague is a consistent member of the Presby- terian Church, to which he is a liberal contributor, and he is an ardent friend of free education, having served six years as a school director. He then re- signed, feeling that he had fully done his duty in that direction. In politics he is a Republican, but has never been ambitious for holding office, preferr- ing that others should shoulder the responsibilities and share in the vainglorious honors attached to of- ficial position. Nevertheless, Mr. Dague is a very public-spirited citizen and at all times ready to aid financially such measures as will redound to the pub- lic welfare and comfort in the way of public improve- ments. His walk through life has been such as to win the approbation of his fellow citizens, and too much cr-edit cannot be awarded him for the upright and useful course he has so unswervingly followed. DAVID L. PAULES, a retired farmer, was born in East Donegal township, Lancaster county, Dec. 12, 1832, son of John and Catherine (Leber) Paules, natives of York county, in this State. John Paules was a cooper by trade. In 1816 he came to Marietta, where he resided three years and then removed to East Donegal township, where he engaged in tobacco growing in conjunction with coopering. He was a member of the Reformed Church, and quite prominent as a citizen, serving as supervisor of his township several years, and also at different times holding various minor offices. His wife passed away in 1882, when eighty- two years old, and his own death took place in December, 1887, at the advanced age of ninety-four years, eleven months, one day ; the remains of both were interred in the Marietta cemetery. To John Paules and his wife were born ten children, namely: Elizabeth, wife of George Ebbert ; Henry, who died after mar- riage ; Sarah, widow of Simon F. Albright, a black- smith of Maytown, Pa.; Jacob, who. was drowned when young, in the Susquehanna river; John, who died young; George, deceased; Mary J., who died in 1900, the wife of John Herchelroth; Franklin, who died in East Donegal township in January, 1896 ; John, a tobacco farmer in Cumberland county j and David L., of East Donegal township. The paternal grandfather of these children was Michael Paules, a farmer of York county, and the maternal grandfather was Jacob Leber, a native of Germany. David L. Paules attended school and worked on the home farm until twenty-one years old, and at twenty-two entered a cooper shop, where he worked for some years during the winter season. In the meantime he rented farms, at one time leasing one of 250 acres, and cultivated land until 1897, when he retired, although he still does a little tobacco rais- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 60S ing and vegetable growing near the borough of Marietta. Mr. Paules was united in marriage in Maytown, Feb. 28, 1852, with Miss Anna- Eliza Rumbaugh, and to this union the following children have been born : J. Lizzie, wife of George S. Bauchman, clerk for the Hazelton Iron & Coal Company; Ada M. and Sarah A., at home ; Harry P., who married Ore Housegal and lives in Marietta ; Elmer E., who mar- ried Matilda A. Grady and also resides in Marietta, engaged in the livery business ; Dr. William R., now of Danville, Pa., who married Florence Pieflfer ; John L., a druggist in Homestead, Pa., married to Ida Bertheisel; and David L., unmarried, who carries on a livery business in Marietta and lives with his parents. Mrs. Anna E. (Rumbaugh) Paules is a native of Newville, Lancaster county, born May -9, 1832, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Davis) Rumbaugh; the former of whom was born in Perry county. Pa., and the latter on the Atlantic ocean, when her par- ents were on the voyage from Ireland to America. They were married in Maytown, Pa., where John Rumbaugh carried on his trade of wheelwright. He was assessor of East Donegal township and was hon- ored with other positions of trust. His wife died in Maytown in 1863, aged fifty-eight years and four- teen days, and Mr. Rumbaugh's death took place at the home of his son-in-law, David L. Paules, June 28, 1888, at the age of seventy-nine years. Both were members of the Lutheran Church. Of the four children born to Mr. and Mts. Rumbaugh Anna E., Mrs. D. L. Paules, is the eldest; Mary J. is the widow of H. S. Book; Amanda L. is the wife of Solon V. Landis, a retired farmer; and Benjamin F., the youngest, a carpenter, died in 1887. The survivors live in Maytown. John Rumbaugh, the paternal grandfather of Mrs. Paules, was a native of Germany, was a farmer and an early settler of Perry county. Pa. Her maternal grandparents, Michael and Bridget Davis, came from Ireland to America in 180? and settled in Maytown, Pa.; he was a plasterer by trade. In politics Mr. Paules is a Republican, and he has served his fellow townsmen as school director nine consecutive years. He and his family are mem- bers of the Lutheran Church, and socially they min- gle with the best people of the township. Mr. Paules has been a remarkably sitccessful farmer, has acquired a competence and is now enjoying, at his ease the fruits of his early industry. HENRY LEAMAN, of Strasburg township, is one of the representative men of Lancaster county, and belongs to one of the old and esteemed families, which established itself here through grandfather Abraham L,eaman, who was a prominent farmer of his day. He married Mary Bowman, by whom he had one son, Benjamin, who was born May 26, 1787, arid died June 2, 1857. Beinjamin Leaman adopted farming as his pro- fession, made his home in East Lampeter township and there became the owner of a large acreage of land, one farm comprising no acres, and an adjoin- ing one seventy-live acres, both of which he operated himself, at one time. As time passed on and his family grew up around him, he purchased a farm for each son, all of these lying in East Lampeter and Leacock townships. His frienids through the com- munity were many, and such was the confidence v/hich they placed in him that all his spare time was occupied in the settlement of estates and caring for those who were placed in his charge as wards. On May 19, 1807, Benjamin Leaman married as his first wife Catherine Cryder, born March 15, 1789, who died Dec. 30, 1838, the children born to this union being: Abraham, born in 1808, died in 1839, a farmer, who had married Barbara Buckwal- ter; John, bom in 1810, died in 1882, a farmer in Leacock township, who married two sisters by the name of Landis ; Barbara, who died in infancy ; Ben- jamin, born in 1813, died in 1891, a farmer of Leacock township; Susannah, born in 1815, the wife of Jacob Ranck, of Strasburg township ; To- bias, born in 1817, died in 1859, a farmer of East Lampeter township; Jacob, born in 18 19, died in 1889, a farmer of Leacock township ; Henry, born in 1822, who resides in Strasburg township; Isaac, born in 1824, a farmer of East Lampeter; Joseph, born in 1828, died in 1857, a farmer of East Lam- peter; the last of this large family being an infant son, born in 1830, who died early. The second mar- riage of Benjamin Leaman was on Sept. 6, 1842, to Mrs. Elizabeth (Heller) Rohrer, a widow. The parents were members of the Old Mennonite Church and the children adhered to the same faith. Henry Leaman was reared on the farm, in East Lampeter township, and received his education in the public schools of his district. On Dec. 3, 1844, he was married to Sarah Buckwalter, a daughter of Martin and Nancy (Lefever) Buckwalter, who was born Feb. 5, 1823. After marriage the young couple located on a farm in Strasburg township and two years later purchased a farm of 102 acres near Refton, which Mr. Leaman operated from 1847 until he retired from the cares of active life. At that time he erected a comfortable home in Refton, re- maining there until 1892, when he removed to his present home, which is located one-half mile north- east of Strasburg and contains sixty acres, one of the best improved places in the county, and now managed by his son, Reuben. Henry Leaman has been one of the successful agriculturists of the county and has always been known as an upright, honorable man, worthy of the confidence and respect which he receives, arid a con- sistent member of the Old Mennonite Church. The children born to Henry Leaman and his wife were : Eliza, born in Oct., 1845, who was the wife of Ehas Herr, a lime-burner and merchant of Warreri county, Va., and who died Dec. q, 1901, aged fifty-six years, leaving five children, Harry, Francis, Addie, Reu- 604 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ben and Ira : Susan, born in January, 1847, who mar- ried Peter Esbenshade, of Manheim township, and has three children, Frank, Elmer and Cora ; Emma, born in July, 1848, who resides witli her parents; Sarah Arm. born in January, 1851, who married John P. Rohrer, of Strasburg, and had seven chil- dren, Lillie, Frank, Emma, John, Charles, Harry and Clair ; Martin, who died young ; Henry B., born in November, 1856, who married Emma Groff, re- sides in Paradise township and has two children, Ross and Mary ; Franklin, born in November, 1858, who married Amanda Schaffer, resides in Sadsbury township and has four children, Roy, John, Clair and Edna ; Mary, born in October, 1861, who died the same year ; and Reuben B., born Nov. 23, 1863, who married Ahce Stoner and has four children, Anna, Lizzie, Mary and Harry. Mrs. Sarah (Buckwalter) Leaman died Sept. 20, 1901, aged seventy-eight 3-ears. Reuben B. Leaman is a progressive farmer and successful dairyman of this county, as well as one of the most solid and substantial of its citizens. The family is held in the highest respect through the whole township and can justly be regarded as rep- resentative. JAMES LAW, who has been for a long time known to the literary world as James D. Law, poet, is a native of Scotland, having been born in Lums- den village. West Aberdeenshire, on April 5, 1865. To distinguish him from an uncle of the same name, for a time Mr. Law adopted the middle initial D., but in recent years he has gone back to the original form of his name ; and, while he is still known to the business world as James D. Law, his literary work is often autographed as shown under- neath the annexed portrait specially prepared for this work. On his father's side, Mr. Law's ancestors have been purely Celtic for countless generations. His mother dying before he was a year old, he was left to the care of his uncle, John Law, an excellent type of the sturdy, well informed and enterprising Scotsman. Our poet attended a "Dame's school" for a time, and is perhaps one of the youngest men living, who learned his letters from "the brods." He remembers carrying a peat to school every morning, as his daily contribution to the school fire-fund of the village Dominie. In due course he passed through the various stages of schooling, filling in his Saturdays and holidays "herding kye," and at other work on his uncle's small farm, thus becoming familiar with all kinds of rural activities. A voracious reader, he soon exhausted the little public libraries and the more pretentious private collections of the district. He served four years as a pupil teacher, and at the age of eighteen secured a position as assistant to the factor of the Durris estate, Deeside, County of Kincardine. There he remained three years, when he decided to emigrate to America. Before sailing he was united in mar- riage to Miss Agnes Duff, daughter of Robert Duff, Esq., of New Noth and Old Noth, on Bogie- side. Mrs. Law, a lady of high culture and fine personal attainments, was a successful teacher in Scotland, holding a first-class government certifi- cate. In May, 1886, the young couple landed in Boston, and at once proceeded to Philadelphia. Being without either friends or acquaintances, after a rather trying probation Mr. Law secured a position as bookkeeper to an oil-cloth manufacturer in Camden, N. J., and soon after took up his resi- dence there. In 1890 he connected himself with the J. F. Portuondo Cigar Manufacturing Com- pany, of Philadelphia, having been its first Secre- tary and attached to it for a year after the death of Mr. Portuondo. In October, 1898, he came to Lancaster to take charge of the Havana Cigar Company and the other Lancaster interests of Mrs. A. B. Bloomer, a wealthy and accomplished resident of Cincinnati, Ohio, but allied to Lancaster "county by hereditary relations, her father, Martin Bare, Esq., having been bom in the Bareville her grand- father founded. Mr. and Mrs. Law have been blessed with seven children, viz. : ( i ) Duff Christie; (2) Nanette Margaret (deceased); (3) Estella Maria: (4) John James (deceased); (5) America Portuondo; (6) Russell Gordon; (7) Evelyn Agnes. Mr. Law's predilection for rhyming and his irrepressible wit and humor were soon asserted, some of his effusions appearing in the Aberdeen newspapers before he left school ; and even as early as 1883, in Edward's Fifth Series of "Modern Scottish Poets," Mr. Law although then only eighteen years of age, received a lengthy and flattering editorial notice, accompanied by several pages devoted to specimens of his verses. He never allows the muse to interfere with business, and, to his credit be it said, he has not missed a day's work since he first got a foothold in the New World. He is a man of the strictest temperate habits, not even being a smoker, although for many years intimately connected with the great cigar industry. Essentially a home man, the only club that can claim him is the St. Andrew's Society of Philadelphia. At the same time, there is nothing sour or ascetic in his composition ; no one better enjoys a social chat than he does, and wherever he goes he is a welcome and honored guest in the best houses and establishments in the land. In his busi- ness trips all over the States, he has cemented by personal contact many friendships begun through the medium of the mails. Perhaps no one in the Commonwealth has a finer collection of holograpl letters from modern celebrities, not "purchased witt a price," as such valued rarities generally are, bul received by Mr. Law himself in the ordinary course of his correspondence. In a hurried glance through a partial list are noted specimens of Gladstone anc Lord Rosebery among statesmen; Whittier Holmes, Riley and Austin among poets • Blackie BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 605 and Furness among critics; CoUyer and Ingersoll among orators; Allan, M. P., jostled Brosius, M. C. ; Brewer, of the Supreme Bench, rested beside Dewar among scientists, while DePeyster and Carnegie among philanthropists "led all the rest." To have come so intimately in touch with such men of light and leading is in itself no mean tribute to Mr. Law's ability and versatility. A lover of books from his earliest years, he has natttrally collected a fine library, which has been enriched by many gifts from admiring friends and fellow-authors. One half of the collection, numbering 5,000 volumnes or more, is made up of books relating exclusively to Scotland and Scottish literature, which still re- mains Mr. Law's first choice. Books, indeed, seem to be in very nook of his beautiful home in East Clay street, a well-stocked case in his dining room being considered as essential to the welfare and happiriess of the family as the clock upon the mantel. Raised in such an atmosphere, and with such surroundings, it is easy to understand why Mr. Law's children attending school are pronounced by their teachers to be "the best all around scholars" in their respective departments. Mr. Law is the author of several books which have been widely circulated and received with un- qualified approbation by the first critics of the age. It would take a volume to quote the press notices evoked from all quarters of the globe on his "Dreams O' Hame" and other poems, Scottish and American, published in 1893 by Gardner, of Paisley and London. The very handsome general appear- ance of the book was the subject of much favorable comment, and bearing the imprint of the Queen's publisher was in itself a high compliment to an American citizen. Mr. Law's latest volume, en- titled "The Sea-Shore of Bohemia," is his most ambitious eflfort, and deals with some little-known episodes in the life of William Shakespeare, special attention being given to the Scotch friends and experiences that unquestionably influenced the Great Dramatist's life and writings. Mr. Law's poem is in dramatic form, with lyrical interludes, and historical data can be furnished for all the interesting incidents introduced into his brilliant "Conversations." Says a recent critic: "A remarkable fact about Mr. Law's Muse is that he is at home in every style of the poetic art, turning out dramas, epics, elegies, odes, lyrics and satires with equal facility, and excelling in all. He is complete master of every known form of rhyme and rhythm, and has even invented some new measures, which is not a small poetic feat at this late day in the history of prosody. He personally claims that he can only write well in Scotch, his native tongue ; English, as he says, being a foreign language to him; but the truth is that he gains much of his power from the fact that his harp is a .two-keyed instrument. He has, it is plain to be seen, a natural gift for writing, and we have it from the best authority that his poems are entirely extemporaneous, which may account to a large extent for the charming spontaneity of his style." Mr. Law has been a welcome contributor to the leading metropolitan journals, and his popularity here is, if anything, exceeded by his reputation in the old country. The leading Scottish critics have long since admitted that the best Scotch in the world is written in America, and Mr. Law is con- sidered by many to be the foremost poetical exponent of the Scottish dialect. Several years ago he was awarded the N. A. U. C. A. prize for the best original Scotch poem, the competition being open to Canada and the United States. He is also a fine conversationalist and debater, and is philoso- pher enough to understand that a good listener is not unappreciated. All the local newspapers have had their pages enriched by Mr. Law's musings, one of the most admired of his recent effusions hav- ing been the following Sonnet on the sudden death of the highly honored Congressman, Hon. Marriott C. Brosius. We cull it from the New Era of March 18, 1901 : MARRIOTT BROSIUS. . "Native here and to the manner horn." But yesterday we saw and hailed our friend, As, full of life, he passed along the street; Ere dawn to-day his heart had ceased to beat. So swiftly did the fatal stroke descend. The knell that none could fail to comprehend. The certain summons that we all must meet; ^ > And now the glory of a higher seat Succeeds the term that here has reached its end. A soldier-statesman ; in his chosen field We honored him as our repeated choice Until his name was to the nation knoiwn; And at the last, with all his worth revealed. While we lament we also can rejoice That brilliant Brosius was our very own ! We regret that space will not permit us to give a better representation of Mr. Law's poetry, but we cannot refrain from adding to the value of this meager sketch by inserting his "Columbia-Cale- donia." This Scottish- American song has already been accepted on both sides of the Atlantic as a sort of International Anthem, beautifully blending as it doeS' the love for the Old Country with the love for the New, in an exalted strain of the purest patriot- ism: COLUMBIA— CALEDONIA. THE LAND WE LEFT— aye, to us dear ! We've sung it lood and lang; But hae we nae a country HERE As worthy o' a sang? While Scotland's name and Scotland's fame Wi' us can never dee, COLUMBIA noo we've made oor hame, And praise to her we'll gie ! The Mither Land! The Mitiher Land! Let's couple wi' her name The Independent ither land We noo hae made oor hame ! 606 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Shak' oot the Starry Banner's fauld, And let the Thistle wave ; The Rampant Lion's nae mair bauld Than is the Eagle brave ! The land we're in's a peerless land, As big as Scotia's wee; Weel worthy by her side to stand And aye oor hame to be ! We'll ne'er forget the Mither Land, Nor need a Scot think shame To sing with pridt the ither land We noo hae made oor hame ! The hame we had — the hame we hae ! O, lang and far ye'U ca' Afore ye meet, if e'er ye may, Wi' sic anither twa! Auld Caledonia's first and best O' lands across the sea ! And here's the glory of the West, The country o' the free ! God's blessing on the Mither Land, And a' within the same. And also on the ITHER LAND We noo hae made oor Hame ! Shortly before his death Col. Robert G. Inger- soU wrote to Mr. Law as follows : "Your beautiful poems have' given me real pleasure. They are full of good feeling — comrade- ship. They are genial and social and human. Besides they are perfectly natural. They come from the heart as springs from the ground. Versifi- cation is easy for you and many of the verses are worthy of Burns. The comic, the pathetic, smiles and tears are side by side, and in nearly all the poems I find the pulse o{ joyous life. Nothing cynical, and nothing morose, nothing of night; appreciation, admiration, morning everywhere. Good health in every line — nothing morbid, diseased or deformed, but all wholesorne, natural and true. I congratulate you." From the eminent Shakespearean scholar, Dr. Furness, Mr. Law recently received the following flattering acknowledgement relating to his poem on "Shakespeare's Gloves:" "My Dear Mr. Law : — The copy of your delight- ful verses duly reached me, and I have read, and re- read and re-read them with ever increasing pleasure. They are charming. I think Burns him- self would have chuckled over the humor, appreci- ated the sentiment and would have been glad to acknowledge the lines as his own. Can one hair's breadth be added to this towering praise? If it be possible, it does not lie in the power of "Yours very cordially, "Horace Howard Furness." The words of a distinguished Scottish-Ameri- can critic we have pleasure in reproducing: "We advise Mr. Law to continue to . exercise his poetic powers. He has accomplished much in the past, but he is still a young man, and his countrymen both at home and abroad believe that he will yet produce something that will send his name ringing through all parts of the civilized world where the English language is known. The Scotch portions of the Globe already know of him, and in the words of their leading journals have repeatedly declared, 'among living Scottish poets, Mr. Law is unquestionably entitled to a foremost place.' May he never have cause to regret having sung: Columbia treats her strangers weel, The langer kent she grows mair dear, And, aff the heath, nae Scot can feel So much at hame as here! In July, 1902, Air. Law made a long con- templated trip to Europe, where his family had preceded him, revisiting his native land after an absence of over sixteen years. He saw everything and everybody worth seeing, from the cot to the castle, and from the King to the Commoner, cover- ing Scotland and England very thoroughly, and also looking in on Ireland. Wherever he went he was well received, and made the recipient of many honors and high compliments. Amidst all he found time to share his pleasures by penning many delightful "Letters of Travel" for American papers, and contribute'd various articles in prose and verse to the Scottish press. He returned to Lancaster in February, 1903, and received a hearty welcome from all his friends and acquaintances. He has been officially requested to write the college poem, song and chorus for the Franklin and Marshall Golden Jubilee to be celebrated in June, 1903. DAVID K. GRUBE, a retired farmer and one of the most highly respected and influential men of East Hempfield township, was born April i, 1839, a son of Christian and Rebecca (Kurtz) Grube. The founder of the Grube family in America was Casper, a native of Switzerland, who located in the vicinity of Kissel Hill, in Lancaster county, and was the great-grandfather of David. This worthy man had two sons, of whom record has been kept: Christian, the grandfather of David, and a son (hame unknown) who died at Kissel Hill. Chris- tian, the grandfather, a farmer of NefiEsville, who owned and operated two fine farms^ is supposed to have been a member of the Lutheran Church, and lived to the advanced age of eighty-five, his death oc- curring in 1845. His family consisted of fourteen children : George, a farmer, who lived and died in Lancaster county; Christian, father of David; Cas- per, a farmer, whose whole life was spent in Lan- caster county; David, a farmer and cattle raiser of Lancaster county. Samuel, a butcher, who went west to Indiana, where he died; Joseph, also a butcher, who lived and died in Lancaster county ; John, a farmer, who went west to Ohio ; Jacob ; Sally, who married Henry Hotenstine ; Susan, who was the sec- ond wife of Mr. Hotenstine ; Elizabeth, who married Jacob Stoner; three other daughters, names un- known. Christian Grube, the father of David, was born at Neffsville, in March, 1795, and died near that BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 607 town in 1880. Early in life he learned the carpen- ter trade, which he followed for many years, but about 1850 he turned his attention to farming. The maiden name of his estimable wife was Rebecca Kurtz, a daughter of John Kurtz. Her birth oc- curred at Roseville, Lancaster county, in the fall of 1795, and she died in 1867. To her husband she bore seven children: John, first a carpenter, later a butcher, and a resident of Perry county, Pa. ; Ma- garetta, wife of Reuben Bird, of Neffsville; Chris- tian, a carpenter, a resident of Lebanon, Pa. ; Ed- ward, a cigar manufacturer, who is a resident of Neffsville; Lydia; Jacob, a resident of southern Missouri ; and David K. David K. Grube spent his boyhood upon his father's farm and received his education in the public schools. At the age of eighteen he commenced to learn the trade of a carpenter, and followed it suc- cessfully until his marriage, when he embarked in farming, to which he gave his attention, in conjunc- tion with burning lime, until he retired, in 1896. The property owned by him, and upon which he resides, is a fine one, consisting of ninety-nine acres, one mile south of Petersburg, and upon it he has made many desirable improvements. Nearly all of the excellent buildings were erected by him, and the entire farm speaks well for his thrifty management. In 1867 David Grube was married to Amelia Kauffman, a daughter of Christian and Martha (Miller) Kauffman, who was born Oct. 19, 1840, and died Nov. 26, 1894, after having borne her hus- band four children : Alice, wife of Christian Hoov- er; Morris, unmarried, who resides in the West; David, unmarried, who operates a portion of his father's farm ; Jacob, at home. David K. Grube is a consistent member of the German Baptist Church, in which he takes a promi- nent part, and he is highly respected throughout the community for his integrity and honesty. JOHN C. FORREY, a retired farmer of West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, Pa., was born on his present farm of 125 acres Aug. 30, 1838, and is a son of Jacob and Mary (Cophenheffer) For- rey, of whom Jacob was also born on this farm and Mary elsewhere in the township. Jacob was a suc- cessful agriculturist and passed his entire life on the home place, dying in November, 1871, when seven- ty-one years old; in 1843 he had lost his wife, who died when but twenty-five years of age. They were members of the Mennonite Church, and their mortal remains were buried in the private or family burial ground on the home farm. The only children bom to Jacob and Mary Forrey were John C. and Jacob. The paternal grandparents of John C. Forrey were John and Veronica (Seitz) Forrey, the former of whom was also born on the present homestead, and the latter in Manor township, but both died on the farm. Mrs. Forrey lived to the great age of 103 years, eleven months, sixteen days. The John last nientioned was a son of Daniel, who was also born on this same West Hempfield farm, and Daniel was a son of John, the founder of the Forrey fam- ily in America, who came from Switzerland and se- cured the grant of the farm from the William Penn estate in 1746. In November, 1878, in Lancaster City, John C. Forrey married Anna Moore, and to this union were born two children, John M. and Jacob M., both of whom died young and were interred in the family burying ground on the farm. Mrs. Anna (Moore) Forrey was born in West Hempfield township and is a daughter of Henry and Mary Moore, who were natives of York county, but who settled in Lancaster county early in life. John C. Forrey has always been a good man- ager, and has succeeded admirably in all his under- takings and well deserves his reward for his early industrv and economy. He has always been active and public-spirited, is a director in the Columbia Trust Company and was one of its first stockholders, and has been a school director for six years as the choice of the Republican party, of which he has been a lifelong member. He still continues the cultivation of the home farm, but hires help to do the work. JACOB J. BYERS, a retired farmer of East Drumore township, was born in~ Pequea township Dec. 13, 1836, his parents being John and Cath- erine (Johnston) Byers, both natives of Lancaster county, where he was born March 16, 1807, and his wife Dec. 9, 181 5. John Byers was the son of Henry and Barbara (Crider) Byers, both of Whom were born in this county, and whose parents came from Germany about 1730. Henry Byers, the grandfather of Jacob J., first settled in Martic township, and different members of the Byers family sustained an honored part in the Revolutionary struggle. Thev took up a tract of government land in Pequea and Martic town- ships, where they lived and reared large families. Henry Byers and his wife had nine children : Hen- ry Byers,' of Ohio ; Jacob, of Lancaster county ; Mich- ael, of Indiana: Daniel, who died in Lancaster; John ; Sarah, the wife of David Eshleman, of Pequea township ; Mary, the wife of Benjamin Longenecker, of Illinois; Nancy, the wife of Michael Crider, of Lancaster; and Barbara, who married Christian Warfel, of Lancaster. John Byers, noted above, married Mary John- ston in 1833 and settled on the farm of her father, Jacob Johnston, in Pequea township, where he re- mained until 1848, when he moved to his own farm m the same township. Still later he bought a farm in Lampeter township, where he died Jan. 5, 1856, liis widow passing to her reward in May, 1877. Both himself and his wife were members 6f the Mennon- ite Church. Mr. Byers was one of the old line Whigs, and became a Republican on the organization of that party. They had a family of eleven chil- dren, six of whom are now living: Barbara, 608 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY born in 1834, who married Samuel Minnie, both de- ceased (four of their children are living) ; Hen- ry Byers, who died in Lampeter, unmarried; Jacob J., our subject; Mary A., born in Feb- ruary, 1840, widow of Peter Sithert, with three children, John, Benjamin and Lizzie; Sarah, born in March, 1842, who married Henry Barr, of Pe- quea township, and is the mother of six children; Michael, who died in childhood ; John, who died in Sterling, 111., leaving two children ; David, born in March, 1848, who married Miss Margaret Hoover, and is engaged in farming near Sterling, 111., where they have a family of six children; Anna, born in September, 1850, who married John Huber and re- sides in Lampeter township, where they have one son, Elmer; Benjamin, born July 9, 1853, a butcher, who married Lillie Eshleman and lives in Lampeter township, where they have three children ; Amaziah, born Feb. 21, i8s6, who died when a young man. Jacob J. Byers was reared to manhood under the parental roof, and secured his education in the local schools. His father died when he was eighteen years old, and he began for himself as a hired man among the neighboring farmers. He continued at this occupation for five years. For a time he was working at the carpenter trade, and then enlisted in the Union army, becoming a member of Com- pany E, 79th P. V. I., in the Western Army, under the command of General Sherman. In the battles of Chattanooga and Perryville he bore himself well, and was then attached to the Pioneer Corps, with which he was connected for eighteen months, fight- ing, as well as building pontoon bridges and sharing in other dangerous labors. In the fierce and bloody battle of Stone River he was a participant, as he was in other battles of Sherman's campaigns in the fall of 1863, and he fought at Chickamauga. He re-enUsted in February, 1864, and remained in the army until its brilliant achievements became a mat- ter of history, and the grand review at Washington declared to the world that the war had ended. Mr. Byers fought at Buzzard Roost and Kenesaw Moun- tain. Three times was he wounded, at Peach Tree Creek, Jonesboro and at Benton. Mr. Byers was in the hospital in North Carolina, andsurviyed his wounds, escaping from the hospital to join his com- mand and share the glory of Pennsylvania Avenue on the second day of the grand review. Mr. Byers was married in 1866 to Miss Lizzie Meek, who was born in Lampeter township in 1843, a daughter of John and Elizabeth Meek. Her fa- ther is still living on the home of his great-grandfa- ther, Nicholas Meek, who was a Revolutionary sol- dier. Mr. and Mrs. Byers were farming people in Lampeter township until 1875, when they removed to a farm he had bought in East Drumore town- ship. There Mr. Byers built a barn 1 10 feet long, remodelled the house and made many improvements. Mr. Byers now owns 500 acres of land, on which are seven sets of farm buildings, all but one occupied by his family. The nine children of Mr. and Mrs. Byers are all living : (i ) Anna E., born in Novem- ber, 1868, who married Clayton Alexander, has one son, Jacob, and occupies one of the farm homes re- ferred to above; (2) John M-, born in January, 1870, and married to Susan GrofI, of East Drumore, where he lives on a farm; (3) Henry S., born in 1871, who married Emma Yost, resides in Pequea township and is the father of four children, Lizzie, Harry, Benjamin and Sue ; (4) Jacob, born in Aug- ust, 1872, who married Lizzie Groff, lives in East Drumore township and has three children, Stella, David and Wanie ; (5) Amos N., born in March, 1874, who married Miss Nancy Waltman, and re- sides on his father's home farm, his only son being Roy; (6) Martin, born in August, 1875, who mar- ried Miss Sarah Lefever, has one daughter, Emma E., and resides at the home of his father; (7) Enos, born in March, 1879, unmarried; (8) Uriah S., born in February, 1881, unmarried ; (9) Noah M., born in March, 1889! Mr. Byers bought his present home in 1896. It is a mile south of Quarryville, and there he has been living a retired life. Always a Republican, for nine years he held the office of auditor in East Drumore township. Mr. and Mrs. Byers are members of the Old Mennonite Church at Mechanics Grove. CHARLES G. SCHUBERTH, proprietor of the Lancaster Steam Laundry, has one of the finest plants of the kind in Pennsylvania. He is the pion- eer of the steam laundry business in Lancaster, hav- ing established his present place in July, 1886, and enjoys a fine patronage, employing four delivery wagons in Lancaster and six in Philadelphia, in which city he has a heavy custom. Mr. Schuberth comes from fine German stock on both sides. His father's uncle, Henry Schuberth, was honored by the Emperor of Russia, and his maternal grandfather, William Kahler, was decor- ated with the Iron Cross by the Emperor of Germany for distinguished military services. Most of Mr. Schuberth's relatives in Europe are professional men — teachers and ministers of the Lutheran faith. William Schuberth, father of Charles G., was born in 1814 in Berlin, Germany, and lived in his na- tive country until he reached middle age. He re- ceived a thorough education, becoming especially well known as a scholar in the Latin, Greek and Ger- man languages, and was engaged as professor in a college at Guben, Germany, fof a number of years. During his young manhood he gave the regular ser- vice as a soldier. In the early fifties he brought his family to America, the voyage occupying thirteen weeks, and located first in the western part of Pennsylvania, remaining there some four years. They then moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, where the family home was for some years, and Mr. Schuberth spent his latter year.'; with his children, dying in 1900 at New Brighton, Pa. He returned to the father^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 609 land twice, during the sixties. After, coming to America he was engaged at cabinet-making. Mr. Schuberth was an accomplished performer on both the violin and piano, and took great delight in music. He was a member of and active worker in the M. E. Church. In Germany Mr. Schuberth married Kath- erine Kahler, who was born in 1820, in Hamburg, and their family consisted of nine children, four sons — all born in Germany and five daughters — all born in America : William is one of the leading con- tractors of Cincinnati, Ohio, and makes his home at Wyoming, that State. Henry C. is a tobacco dealer at Miamisburg, Ohio. August C. is in the cigar business at Falmouth, Ky. Charles G. is mentioned below. Three of the daughters died in infancy. Emma is Mrs. Burns. May is the wife of John F. Snider. The mother died in 1877. She was one of a large family, and her brothers were all professional men, either teachers or ministers. Charles G. Schuberth was born June 13, 1851, ill Hamburg, Germany, and was a mere child when he came with the family to this country. His educa- tional advantages were such as the common schools afforded. He remained with his parents until he was fifteen years old, in 1867 going to Cincinnati, where he learned the carpenter's trade with his brother, following same three years. In 1870 he engaged in the tobacco business with another brother, continu- ing in that line some sixteen years. In November, 1872, he came to Lancaster, Pa., where he has ever since made his home, remaining in the tobacco bus- iness until 1886, when he bought the business to which he now devotes his principal attention, and which had been established one year. The laundry is located at No. 146J4 East King street. Under his able management the concern has grown until he now has fifty-three employes on his pay-roll and there is no indication that the limit has been reached, by any means. His energy and strict attention to the increasing demands on his plant have not only brought him success and substantial rewards, but have won him the favorable notice of business men in Lancaster generally, among whom he occupies high standing. He is ever on the elert for possible and practical improvements, keeping fully abreast of the times, and may always be depended upon to have the best in his line, for he is a progressive man in every respect. He is a prominent member of the Lancaster Board of Trade. In 1876 Mr. Schuberth married Miss Clara B. Arnold, daughter of the late Thomas Arnold, the pioneer slating contractor of Lancaster, and up to the time of his death a prominent citizen. Mr. and Mrs. Schuberth have had three children: William died at the age of four. Paul was killed by an elect- ric accident Nov. 8, 1900, at the age of nineteen ; he had been employed by the Westinghouse Company in an important position, having forty men under his control. Karl Arnold, the youngest, is a grad- uate of Franklin and Marshall Academy, and now occupies the position of manager of his father's ex- tensive business. Fraternally Mr. Schuberth is a member of the Eoyal Arcanum. He is a director of the Lancaster General Hospital, though he takes little active inter- est in outside affairs. In religious connection he is a member of Grace Lutheran Church, for eighteen years was one of its vestrymen, and for six years its treasurer. He is deeply interested in the welfare of the Y. M. C. A. in Lancaster, of which he is a member, and took a prominent part in the erection of their fine building in the city. The hammer used to tear off the first board of the house which form- erly occupied the site was sold at public auction and Mr. Schuberth bought it, paying the sum of $108. CHRISTIAN H. KENDIG. The ties that bind the native-born sons o:^ Lancaster county to the place of their birth seem to be peculiarly strong, for, while from other counties a large proportion of the young men drift westward, here there are many who pre- fer to cling to the associations of youth. Legion is the name -of those who have spent long and useful years in the locality where they were born. Mr. Kendig was one of those to whom the love of home and native soil appealed with especial strength. Born on a farm in East Lampeter township, Lancaster county, Dec. 22, 1829, reared to agricultviral pur- suits, a farmer by training and by choice, follow- ing the occupation through all of his life, he finally entered into rest Jan. 4, 1886, and from his old home- stead was taken to the Mennonite cemetery in Stras- burg township, where his body was interred in the midst of scenes long loved by him. John G. Kendig, father of Christian H. Kendig, was a son of Henry and Maria (Groff) Kendig, farmers of Strasburg township, Lancaster county. The occupation to which he was reared he selected for his life calling; after the marriage of his son, Christian H., he retired from active labor, but con- tinued to live at the old homestead until his death, July 31, 1876, at seventy years of age. He was laid to rest in the Mennonite cemetery. at Strasburg, by the side of his wife, Susan, who had passed away in August, 1865, at the age of fifty-seven years. From childhood both had been earnest members of the Mennonite Church, and in its doctrines they care- fully trained their children, Christian H., Mary A., Henry, Susan and John. None of them are now liv- ing except Susan, who is unmarried and makes her home in Lancaster. Mrs. Susan Kendig was a daughter of Jacob and Susan (Lefever) Hartman, and grew to womanhood upon the home farm in this county. When ready to establish a home of his own Chris- tian H. Kendig was united in marriage with Anna Witmer, the ceremony being solemnized in Lan- caster Oct. 25, 1855. Four children were born of their union, viz. : Witmer J., of Lancaster ; David H., of Reading, Pa. ; Susan E. and Anna M., who re- 39 <610 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY side with tlieir mother in Lancaster, the family hav- ing in 1892 removed to that city from the old home- stead farm. Having been reared in the Mennonite faith, Mrs. Kendig retains membership in that de- nomination, and is a sincere exponent of its doctrines of self-sacrifice and kindliness. Her children at- tend the Reformed Church and are active in various of its societies. The ancestry of Mrs. Kendig is traced back to Benjamin Witmer, a native of Switzerland, who in 1716 sought the, larger possibilities of America, set- tling in Lancaster county. Three years later his son, John, was born in this county, of which he re- mained a lifelong resident. By the marriage of John Witmer to Frances Roland a son was born whom they named Benjamin ; this son became a farmer and married a Miss Brubaker, of an old family in the <:ounty. Next in line of descent was another Ben- jamin Witmer, a farmer of East Lampeter town- ship; by his marriage to Esther Buckwalter a son, David, was born. Like his ancestors, he never cared "to remove from his native county, preferring to cling -to the associations dear to him from his earliest ■recollections. Nor did he seek a new and strange ■calling, but continued to till the soil of the home- stead acres. At the time of his death, Jan. 9, 1876, lie was seventy-five years of age. His wife, who was Anna Rutt, died in 1868, aged sixty-nine years. Both were interred in Mellinger's cemetery con- nected with the Mennonite Church, of which de- nomination they were conscientious m^embers. In theif family were the following-named sons and daughters : Abraham R., of Mountville, Pa. ; Eliz- sibeth, deceased, Hettie, of East Lampeter town- ship ; Anna, Mrs. Kendig, of Lancaster ; David and Jacob, farmers of East Lampeter township ; Bar- bara, Mrs. Christ Frey, deceased ; Mary, Mrs. Eman- uel Herr, deceased; Benjamin and Joshua, who are also deceased. Though a considerable period has elapsed since the death of Mr. Kendig, he is not forgotten by those to whom the associations of a lifetime had en- deared him. His memory is still green in the hearts of family and friends. Among his old associates it is often called to mind that he contributed gener- ously to the maintenance of his church, the Mennon- ite, as well as to the expansion of its missionary ■movements ; nor has it been forgotten that for many years he served faithfully and well as school direc- tor, often leaving his farm to do some work in con- nection with promoting the welfare of the schools. Indeed, as citizen, husband, father and friend, his life was exemplary and his example worthy of emu- lation. GEORGE S. LAMBORN. The Lamborn fam- ily of Lancaster county. Pa., has not only been one of responsibility and respectability in this locality for many generations, but it is one of the oldest, also, tracing an ancestral line far back in the past, reach- ing even a date as ancient as A. D. 871 English history has many records of members of this family who became conspicuous in various circles of life, during the years that intervened between the date mentioned and 1659, in which year occurred the birth of the direct ancestor of George S. Lamborn, of Lan- caster county. Josiah Lamborn was born in Easthamstead, Berkshire, England, in 1659, ten years after the be- heading of the great English king, Charles I. The marriage of Josiah Lamborn to his wife Ann re- sulted in the birth of six children: Thomas, Ma- riah, Robert, John, William and Sarah. Josiah Lamborn died Dec. 12, 1749, and his wife passed away Aug. 11, 1722. Robert Lamborn, son of Josiah, was born in 1697, and according to the records, his parents were of the Episcopal faith. At the age of seventeen years he formed an attachment for the daughter of Francis Swayne, of Berkshire, England, but this youthful intimacy was discouraged by the parents on both sides, and in order to separate the young people the Swayne family resolved on so stringent a measure as emigration to America, which was ac- compli.shed in 171 1. When young Robert learned of the shattering of his hopes he was stricken with sorrow, as the location of the Swayne family in the great and unknown land beyond the sea was totally unknown to him. Had Robert been of faint heart this pretty but authentic romance might have been closed then, but he evidently possessed many of those attributes which, both earlier and later, brought prominence and success to his kindred. With a firm resolve to find the lady of his affections Robert bade farewell to his family and also set sail for America, safely reaching these shores in 1713. After visiting various locations of English people in Pennsylvania, the m.ost of whom had settled near Philadelphia, it was in the city of Brotherly Love that the weary swain met with a reward of his search. It must be remembered that at that date the present beautiful city covered much less extent, and thus it was not so wonderful a happening for Robert to meet his desired father-in-law on the street. It is not recorded why the latter greeted the young man kiridly and invited him to be his guest, but it is quite possible that in the perseverance of the wooer he recognized a stability that augured well for the future. The home of Francis Swayne was in Chester county, and Mr. Swayne and his willing visitor made the trip on horseback, taking turns at riding. It was the kind father who reached the farm first, and with a consideration which was doubtless appreci- ated he sent his daughter, Sarah, out to meet the guest. Love found its way, in those far off days as successfully as now, and doubtless Mr. Swayne thought that the young man had won his bride, for all parental objections seem to have been removed, and the marriage of Robert Lamborn and Sarah Swayne was celebrated, by Friends ceremony, Sept. 5. 1722. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 611 Evidently Robert Lamborn found the farming lands in this locality to his liking, for he remained liere all his life, dying on the land he had brought io a high state of cultivation Nov. 22, 1775, and he v*ras laid away in the burying ground at London -Grove, in Chester county. His association with the Indians, who still roamed over a portion of the State, seems to have been amicable, as there is an interest- ing family record of an pccasion upon which an Indian besought Robert to accompany him to a cer- tain locality where was situated some of the best land in the country. This spot, which Robert found fair, indeed, was the site of the present city of Lan- caster. However, it at that time was too far from any means of transportation to make it a desirable home in which to raise produce for market, and Mr. Lamborn was obliged to give up the idea of locat- ing so far from Philadelphia. It was on the site of the present Center Square monument that Rob- «ert Lamborn mounted the stump of an old tree and, after viewing the goodly heritage, the beautiful pros- .])ect, he involuntarily exclaimed, "this would be such a beautiful spot upon which to found a city," his thought having been realized by the upbuilding of ihe city of Lancaster, in which his descendants have ieen so well known. His friendly relations with the Jiedmen have given color to many a pretty story, well authenticated. After a day's hunt for veni- son they would often come to his house and sleep on the kitchen floor, with their feet to the old-fash- ioned log fire place. When "Lobert," as they called him, would awaken them in the morning they would quietly and peaceably leave the house, first telling 'him where he could find a deer shot the day before ; ■occasionally they would carry the game to him. The children born to Robert and his wife Sarah were: Robert (2), William, Ann, Elizabeth, J"rancis, John, Thomas, Josiah and Sarah. Robert Lamborn (2), son of Robert, was born June 3, 1723, and died Dec. 8, 1781. By Friends ceremony he was married to Ann (iVEorris) Bourne -Sept. 19, 1746; she died June 6, 1790. By trade he was a blacksmith, and he followed this industry near London Grove, or Lamborntown, his burial taking -place there also. By nature he was a kind and char- itable man, of whom his neighbors cherished pleas- .ant recollections. The children born to Robert (2) and Ann Lamborn were: Jesse, Susanna, Robert, Thomas, Mary, John, Joseph, Sarah, David, Ann, ■Geor'ge, Lydia (who died in infancy) and Lydia (2). All of these were bom in Chester county, and all Tvere united in marriage by the simple and beautiful formula of the Society of Friends. George Lamborn, son of Robert (2), was born near Chadds Ford, Chester county, Dec. 23, 1768, and died Sept. 19, 1856. His first marriage was Teb. 12, 1790, to Martha Marshall and his second marriage was March 14, 1806, to Mary Smedley, who died on Jan. 10, 1857. By occupation he was loth farmer and blacksmith, following his trade in the vicinity of his birth until 1806, when he moved to Lancaster county, buying at that time a farm near Wentz's Mill, in Martic township. In the estima- tion of his neighbors he was a prosperous man, and that he was kind-hearted may be inferred when it is stated that a signing of a note in order to relieve a friend from financial difficulties resulted in his own ruination, making it necessary for him to resume his laborious trade again. Removing after this disas- ter to Drumore township, he located near Friends Drumore Particular Meeting, and there continued for a time in the blacksmith business, but in 1828 he emigrated to Jefferson county, Ohio, and rented a farm near Steubenville. Nine years later he re- moved to Knox 'county, Ohio, where he bought a farm, upon which he remained until the time of his death, his burial being in Millwood cemetery, in the same county. While George Lamborn was still a young man and living at Chadds Ford, he acci- dentally discovered a vein of fine anthracite coal, while on a hunting tour. On account of the parsi- mony of the owner of the land upon which it was found the vein was never worked, the exact loca- tion of the find being at present known only to two persons, George S. Lamborn, of Liberty Square, Lancaster county, and his cousin, Harvey Baker, of Pittsburg, the former of whom owns the original draft. The children born to the first marriage of George Lamborn were: Lewis, Benjamin, Thomas, Ann, Marshall and Lydia, all of whom were mar- ried by the Friends' ceremony. The children of the second marriage were: Smedley; Susanna; John ; Esther ; Robert : Mary ; Philena ; Jacob ; Lind- ley ; and Martha. Changes came into this family, some of the members marrying into other religious societies, the result being that Smedley, the direct ancestor of George S. Lamborn, was the only one who adhered to the simple ceremony of the Friends, which had united his ancestors. Smedley Lamborn, son of George and Mary Lamborn, was born in Chester county Jan. 6, 1807, and died Sept. 26, 1851. On Dec. 22, 1830, he was united in wedlock to Margarett Bolton, who was born Aug. 26, 1810, a daughter of Isaac and Eliza- beth Bolton; she died on Nov. 21, 1855. Her par- ents were formerly residents of Bucks county. Pa., where he carried on a business of chair and spin- ning wheel maker, engaging in fairming after locat- ing in Lancaster county. Smedley Lamborn was a man of excellent morals and religious habits of thought, being also a man of liberal ideas and one much interested in all reform movements. As an ardent anti-slavery man he took an interested part in the workings of the Underground Railroad, and was as active in the cause of temperance. By trade he was a blacksmith, having been a pupil of Edward Green, but at the age of twenty-three years he bought the farm in Martic township on which his son George now resides. After his marriage he opened up a smithy on his farm near Wentz's Mill, 612 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and there, with excellent machinery adapted to his purpose, he did a good business. It was in that place that George S. Lamborn, of Lancaster county, was born, and it is recalled in his mind by several incidents of early childhood, they probably being the very earliest events impressed upon his mind, and particularly interesting on that account. Mr. Lamborn recalls an occasion when his beloved mother tenderly put him to sleep in his little bed, and then started to the mill in order to get som,e flour. On her return she was surprised to meet her little son on the road, coming to meet her. What took place then Mr. Lamborn does not recall, but it was of enough importance to fix the incident upon his memory. He also recalls a visit which he made to the smithy and return home through the dark night, in the arms of one of the apprentices, the change froni the glow of the forge to the blackness of the outside world probably accounting for the im- press made upon the childish imagination, Smedley Lamborn continued his trade in that vicinity until the spring of 1837, at which time he moved to a tenant house on Elijah Worlls' farm, which was one-half mile northeast of Liberty Square, and from this place he went back and forth to do a little farming on his Martic township tract, the resi- dence being occupied at this time by Jacob Paxon. Jn the spring of 1839 he moved to that place and commenced the heavy work of clearing up a farm, .the first business being the removal of scattered trees, bushes, stones and rocks and the draining of swamps, preliminary to fencing, as none of the latter had been finished, with the exception of fourteen acres. The buildings consisted of an old log house and barn, and a stone spring-house, the latter being still a stanch relic of days prior to the time of Smedley Lamborn. The old barn was roofed with straw and was almost in a swamp, while the dwelling was also old and uncomfortable, being the second one on this place. Although things had a rather discouraging outlook Smedley hired help, and being a man of un- tiring energy he instilled a part of it into his assist- ants, and in a few years brought a fine farm out of the seeming chaos. The dwelling was repaired, a wagon hotise and other shelters were built, and in 1847 a substantial bam was erected. These were years of unremitting toil, and although there was never a pause in the industry of the father, he was ably assisted by tlie efforts of his sons, George S. and Aquilla B., the labors of the latter including the clearing of the land, the sawing of logs and the hauling of limestone and lime, and aside from these duties, the necessary farm work and chores came also within their line. Mr. Lamborn recalls the occasion of his first experience in hay loading. This was in the summer of 1839. His father was taking in a load of sweet meadow hay, and, probably being short of help, placed his son George S. on the load to trample it down as he pitched it in great forkfulls from the ground. Although but a lad of eight years, his wholesome bringing up had made him sturdy and strong, and he recalls with satisfaction that from that first successful experience during the sixty-three years that have passed since then he has never missed the enjoyment and exhilaration of participa- ting in a hay or wheat harvest, and still further, he has never had a single load to play him the scurvy trick of falling off. From 1847 to 1851 prosperity smiled on the ef- forts of Smedley Lamborn in his farming opera- tions, although the dear and sympathetic mother was often seen to be sorrowful that her family had to be content with such plain food, through the struggling years. She was a woman of the most ele- vated character, and was beloved by all who knew her. In the fall of 1851, Smedley died, and his wid- ow and the noble sons carried on the work of the farm for some time. The children born to Smedley Lamborn and wife were: George S., Aquilla B., Emeline, Elwood, William Lewis, Elizabeth, Sarah E., Priscilla S., Alice Ann, Lucinda and Lydia. AH' of these married, six of them adhering to the prin- ciples of Friends to the degree of using the simple and expressive marriage ceremony, these being George S., William Lewis, Sarah, Alice Ann, Lu- cinda and Lydia, while the others were married by the mayor of the city of Lancaster. George S. Lamborn, of Liberty Square, Lancas- ter county, was bom Nov. 24, 1831, the eldest child of his parents. In the fall of 1853 he attended Benja- min Hoops's Boarding School, near Avondale, Ches- ter county, and remained there through that winter. In the spring of 1854, he hired with his uncle, Ja- cob Baker, as clerk, and for other work, the uncle being engaged in the business of lime burning in Chester county, and Mr. Lamborn remained with this relative until the fall, at which time he returned to his home, and with his brother Aquilla B., took charge of the farm, and in the summer of 1855 they built a new house. The family still remained to- gether at this tiriie, with the exception of Emeline,. and great were the anticipations and preparations for the occupancy of the new and comfortable resi- dence. The pleasant plans were forgotten, however, in the sudden illness of the beloved mother, who was- taken ill with pneumonia, and died Nov. 21, 1855. Elizabeth then took charge of the home, but with the beloved mother gone, the others gradually left, and the family became scattered. On May 8, 1856, George S. Lamborn was united by Friends' ceremony to Sarah W. Coates, who was ' born Feb. 7, 1831, a daughter of Ellis and Abigail Coates, of Homeville, Chester county. Then George S. and Aquilla B. took charge of the farm, in part- nership ; Elwood went to work at the blacksmith's trade; William embarked in an agency business, also taught school ; and the younger girls found homes in neighboring families. In the school year of 1866-7, George S. taught school, the fall term be- ing in an old stone schoolhouse situated in a swamp, near the Buck hotel, that being in the days prior BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 613 to the discovery of the germs, which in later years •we are disposed to think lurk in every marshy spot. The winter school was at Oregon schoolhouse, "which was situated in the forest, south of the Hugh Penny farm in Drumore township. In 1861, George S. bought out his brother's in- terest in the farm, or rather, a division was made, hy which George S. took the old homestead, and Aquilla B. the southern portion of the place, which had been bought and added to the original. This farm had been taken up in 1754, and it has been the home of George S. Lamborn for sixty-three years. In 1856 he became especially interested in mineral- ogy, his curiosity being awakened by his first find, when a boy, of a cubic specimen of "fool's gold," ■or iron pyrites, and during succeeding years he has continued collecting, until now he has one of the ■most interesting as well as valuable assortments of tirinerals, Indian relics, fossils, shells and other curiosities, in the locality, well worth a position in some public museum. Mr. Lamborn -through study •of Mineralogy, Geology, Archaeology and Paleon- tology has become thoroughly acquainted with his collections, and a study of Philately has also in some degree, occupied his attention, as he has be- •come the owner of a valuable assortment of stamps. Although naturally this collection is very precious to Mr. Lamborn, and has cost time, money and •effort, in its acquirement, he is very unselfish about it, and has endeavored to make practical use of it in the instruction of the school children of his lo- ■cality. In 1862 Mr. Lamborn accepted a position as ■school director, being peculiarb^ well qualified for its duties. As secretary of the board, when making his monthly visits, it was his custom to take with liim some of the minerals, and when the children became interested in looking at these, he would in- struct them concerning these things, and thus en- •deavor to awaken a love for the wonders of a world which too often was but as a sealed book to them. It was also the commendable custom of Mr. Lamborn to carry with him his galvanic battery, and make merry with the children, while explaining to them its powers and use. These visits were welcomed by the children, and the occasions were never for- gotten. After closing his relations with the school hoard, after a period of fifteen years, Mr. Lamborn was elected to the office of district auditor, faith- ■ fully performing the duties pertaining to it until the present time, having also efficiently served dur- ing the intervening years as county juryman and Toad and bridge-viewer. Perhaps in no way has Mr. Lamborn been more •conspicuous in his locality, than in his unswerving allegiance to the cause of temperance. The disas- trous effects of strong drink were so realized by him in early life, that at the age of eleven years he induced eleven other youths to join him in taking the pledge of the Washingtonian Temperance So- ciety, this organization then being prominently be- fore the public, the occasion being at a meeting at the old Silver Spring schoolhouse, near Liberty Square. Mr. Lamborn has been consistent in his attitude on this question, having never handled or tasted intoxicating liquor, and has been the only voter of the Temperance ticket in his district. It was not strange that when Mr. Lamborn reached the age of mature reflection he should become a strong anti-slavery man, his feeling of right making him the advocate of all men, without regard to color. While still a lad in the public school, he testified his faith in a schoolmate of an- other race, the occasion being related by Mr. Lam- born. A colored lad had been subjected to punish- ment for some infraction of the rules, and the teacher decided to exact the "pound of flesh" un- less the offender could find some one to offer to be security for him. Doubtless, if the lad had been white, many excusers would have been found, but George S. Lamborn was the only fellow-student who was willing to show that much confidence in him. When the week of trial was ended, the colored boy had' fully satisfied his bond. As a testimonial of his gratitude, he presented his bondsman with a musi- cal instrument, this being one of his own most val- ued possessions. Reared in the Society of Friends, the simplicity and peacefulness of their religious belief, has al- ways been of the greatest moment to George S. Lamborn. To the Bible he has given much study, and he is inclined to fall in with ns^ny of the lead- ing religious thinkers of the day, that very much of it must be taken in a spiritual sense, and that many of the incidents related therein must have been writ- ten by different authors, from their own point of view. It would be his wish to have it so elim- inated that its history has no contradictions and all impure sentiments should give way to the lofty imagery which in that sense makes it the Book of Books. Through long years of study and reflection, Mr. Lamborn has done his best to exert an influence against impurity in politics, believing that many ma- chine manipulations tend not only to breed, but to foster tendencies toward the vile tyrant, Anarchy. In the true sense of the word, he has been a member of the Republican party, although at times he has felt called upon to vote for the man he judged best, irrespective of party tie. Possessing a mechanical and inventive turn of mind, Mr. Lamborn has produced many articles well worthy the time consumed in their construc- tion. In connection with his other business, he bought the agency for farm and other machinery, his judgment enabling him to select the best and most satisfactory kinds. As a farmer, he was al- ways considered one of the most successful and pro- gressive, having at all times had an eye to conveni- ence and improvement, both in farm and in farm buildings. Although Mr. Lamborn has never given 614 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY any attention to the mechanical part of music, his ear is one attuned to sweet sounds, the blowing winds, the rolling billows as well as the singing birds and the whisperings of the forests, producing harmonies for him. In all her aspects, Nature pre- sents to him an attractive face. Few men in this locality have seen more of their own land than Mr. Lamborn, his enjoyment of travel being both physical and mental. From the time he made his first trip, from Strasburg to Phil- adelphia, in 185 1, until the date of the last one, from McCalls Ferry to Bedford, Pa., he has covered 14,- 425 miles by railroad, 270 miles by steam-boat, this not inclusive of the long trips made on foot and by carriage. In his pleasant wanderings, Mr. Lamborn has made three trips to Monroe, Iowa, the first in 1879, the second in 1884, and the third in 1893 ; to the World's Fair, in Chicago; three visits to Niagara Falls ; the Provincial Fair, in Toronto, Canada ; the Centennial, in Philadelphia, to sea shore and through mountains, and all over several counties of the Key- stone State. The time and money which Mr. Lam- born has expended on these visits, he considers more remunerative in every way, than if he had used the same for either questionable enjoyments or for the purchase of strong drink, or tobacco, having such an antipathy to the latter as to refuse even to grow it. Mr. Lamborn is most highly esteemed in his neighborhood, where his kindly, charitable nature is so well known. His hand is ever extended in manly friendship to those who deserve it, while many have been the cases when he has quietly as- sisted those who did not always deserve his charity. Social by nature, his travel and study have made him a very delightful host, and one of the many re- unions of various kinds, well remembered, is one which took place on Feb. 22, 1897, the gathering being composed of his brothers and sisters, in his hospitable home. At this time, Mr. Lamborn ad- dressed the company in these words : Brothers and sisters, relatives and friends: We are happy once more to welcome you back to the old home- stead, where memory loves to linger, and where, in child- hood's unconcern, we children gathered wild flowers in wood and vale, and fished beside the laughing stream, chased the butterfly in yonder meadow,' or in wintry sport, sliding down the icy hills, little realizing the care and anxiety that filled our parents' hearts for our comfort and support, for it is but little that children know of the trials and privations parents undergo for them, only as the ex- perience in after years proves it. Yes, when I wander back, in mind, I hear the sweet voice of our dear mother singing a lullaby to the infant in its cradle, or hear her merry song as she goes aibout her daily work, busy with the spinning wheel in the kitchen at one end of the apartment, or, as the two were one, adjust- ing her little parlor at the other, while the old clock upon the wall ticks away the fleeting moments. I imagine, too, I hear the voice of our dear father, humming a favorite song, while about the duties of the farm, or whistling a lively march, as with his brawny arm he forges the heated iron on the anvil. I also see that old, old house from within whose walls came many merry voices, and where were shed many bitter tears of sorrow ; and through whose roof sifted the driving snow, spreading its icy mantle upon the humble couch beneath ; and the beating rains came relentlessly through the walls and ran in little streams across the warped and uncarpeted floor. As tradition has it, it wais used by former occupants as an inn, dealing over its bar that which brings to the human family untold misery, woe and want. And seemingly to make amends for the evil, the old house was so arranged that religious meet- ings might be held therein. Then in their turn came the clank of the loom and the humming of the spinning wheel, which now are hushed. Nothing now remains to mark the spot where the old house stood but that bunch of roses planted by our mother's hand. The old shop is gone; the ring of the anvil is heard no more; and the old barn, where we frolicked and played upon the straw, and fought the wasps in the old thatched roof, leaves no trace be- hind. All have gone, except the old spring-house, which, too, is following the inevitable law, passing away, passing away, and then all will be gone save that spring of pure and sparkling water, at whose brink many weary travelers have been refreshed, and in whose waters were many bap- tisms. It alone will remain as a living monument of the past. This same law is carrying us down the stream of time ; and in a few .short years will land us on the brink of Eternity. There, standing by the waters of the river of Death, piercing through the over-hanging mist, listen- ing to the sweet voices from the other shore, beckoning us to come hither, away from a cold and selfish world into a state of everlasting bliss — ^yes, the voices of our parents, sisters and brothers. Dear ones, let not this review of the past, or thoughts of the future, discourage us, for the time will soon come when all knowledge and trace of our existence here will have passed into oblivion. For such is the law of Nature, that one generation passes away and another comes. Nbw many of us are parents, and our children look to us for support, counsel and influence. Do we fully realize our responsibility? Can we stand firm for the right? Let not the light remark or the impertinent reply, coming from the lips of the little ones we love, permit us to lose our control in our management of them, for, most assuredly it will lead to disobedience, first to parent and friend, next to country, and then to God. Disobedience to known law leads to ruin, and obedi- ence to greatness. This is strikingly exemplified in the life of the illustrious man whose birthday we now cele- brate, and whose obedience to the guarded care and influ- ence of a wise and devoted mother, placed him at the head of our nation, and through his untiring efforts, hardships and trials, in connection with other patriots of his time, succeeded in establishing the best form of government the world has ever seen. Although corruption steals in, yet the people have the power to rectify all mistakes or griev- ances that may arise, by exercising their judgment at the ballot-box. This power can be greatly strengthened by extending to both sexes alike the right of suffrage, under certain educational qualifications. When this is done, the fell monster. Intemperance, with all its ruinous conse- quences, would soon lose its power and be hanished from our midst. Would not this be progress? Would not this be adding to the great work commenced by the Father of the Republic? The labor they commenced we must shoulder, and with the battle-axe of right hew down the forests of evil that exist or may rise before us; and as each succeeding celebration of the birthday of the Father of his Country comes upon us, let us see that the portals, are guarded and the governmental apartments are cleanly swept. Also, let it be a reminder that not only this day but every day should be celebrated unto Him who has seen fit to place us in this world to work out our own destiny, for good or for evil. Then let us look on all earthly trials as lessons given us in the school of adversity, lessons which, if rightly understood, will teach us to enjoy the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 615 persent; and let that enjoyment be of such a character that it will leave no sting behind, but will lead us, step by step, into the paths oi purity and peace. The children born to George S. Lamborn were : Margaret Coates; Mary Miller; Priscilla S., John Comley ; Anna Mary ; Charles Linnaeus ; and Lucre- tia Mott. Mr. Lamborn is now retired from busi- ness activity. It has never been an object with him to accumulate large means, although his standing is one of substantiality and responsibility in the neigh- borhood. Few men have crossed the stage of af- fairs in Lancaster county who have left a more in- delible impress upon the locality in which circum- stances placed them than George S. Lamborn, standing as he always has for the highest standards of living and ever working to promote those influ- ences which work for the progress and develop- ment of the best interests of his section. By ex- ample, by tongue and pen, he has lived as he has preached, and represents in every way the highest type of representative citizen. Since the above was written, and as if to verify it, George S. Lamborn appeared as an advocate for rural free delivery. He was the first in the neigh- borhood to make a move for the establishment of a route — a privilege almost unheard, or unthought, of by most of the inhabitants of his vicinity. He com- menced his work for it Jan. 13, 1902, and regard- less of the filed protests against it in the Postoffice Department, the jeers and scoifings by the country postmasters and their henchmen, he succeeded by the kind efforts of Congressman H. Burd Cassel, and the just considerations of the Postoffice Depart- mient, in establishing the route on Nov. i, 1902, which he feels to be a crowning effort of his life work, and a cherished boon to his fellow pa- trons of the Bonview Route No. i. This new de- parture is quite a contrast, and Mr. Lamborn has bridg'ed a period of time in mail facilities almost unequaled by any other nation of the world. He well remembers being sent for mail, when a boy, several miles from home, to be rewarded by receiv- ing a letter for his father, from the lattcr's father in Ohio, which had been on the road about ninety days at a cost of twenty-five cents. Now a letter can be had from the same place in two days, at a cost of two cents, and delivered at the yard gate. Rapid strides have been made in improvements, economy, extravagance, and selfishness in the last fifty years of the country's history. REV. CHARLES LIVINGSTON FRY, long- time pastor (1881-1901) of the historic old Luth- eran Church of the Holy Trinity in Lancaster, founded in 1730, has left a monument to his zeal and devotion in this great congregation, which is numerically the strongest in Lancaster, having 1,040 communicants. Mr. Fry is descended from a family that for gen- erations has been prominent in Pennsylvania, both in church and State. His grandfather was famil- iarly known, during his official life at Harrisburg, as Auditor General of the State, as "Honest Jacob Fry." His father, who for thirty-two years was pas- tor of Old Trinity Church at Reading, Pa., is now the Professor of Homiletics and Practical Theology at the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Mount Airy, Philadelphia, and one of the leading spirits in the venerable Ministerium of Pennsylvania. He is the author of a work on the Science of Homiletics, now in general use as a text-book in Lutheran Sem- inaries throughout the country. The first ancestor to come to this country, from the Palatinate, Germany, was Henry Fry, who ar- rived in America in the year 1680, having been driv- en from his home by religious bigotry and persecu- tion. He was one of the founders of Germantown, where his son Jacob, and his grandson, Henry, spent their lives on the paternal estate. It is a matter worthy of note, that in this family for generations the names of Jacob and Henry alternated. Dr. Jacob Fry, the distinguished Professor at Mount Airy, was ordained to the ministry at the age of nineteen years. Eliza Jane Wattles, his wife, was born in New England, a daughter of Harvey Wattles, afterwards a resident of Gettysburg. Toi this union were born the following children: Rev. Charles Livingston ; Miss Mary Gross ; Miss Kate Wattles; Annie Gillespie, wife of Philip S. Zieber, a lawyer of Reading; Rev. Franklin Foster, for eleven years pastor of Grace Lutheran Church, of Bethlehem, Pa., and now of the Church of the Re- formation, Rochester, N. Y. ; Josephine Cassady, wife of William Benbow, church organist and musi- cian, at Reading; and Miss Jennie, unmarried. Rev. Charles Livingston Fry graduated from the Reading High School in 1875 ; from Muhlen- berg College, at Allentown, in 1878, and from the Theological Seminary, at Philadelphia, in 188 1. Immediately after his entrance upon the work of the gospel ministry, he was called to Lancaster, as an associate of Dr. Emanuel Greenwald, the pastor of Holy Trinity Church, who was then a very aged man, and upon his death in 1885 succeeded to the pastorate by unanimous vote of the congregation. Mr. Fry has lectured before many institutions of learning, and educational conventions. While in charge of Trinity Church, his constant eifort was to develop the religious life of the young people. His labor was unceasing to bring the Church close to the hearts of the people, and in this he was eminently successful. Mr. Fry has been a frequent contributor to the press, was associate editor for some years of Christian Culture, and a member of the board of trustees of the Pennsylvania Chautau- qua. He was president of the Lancaster Center of University Extension from its inception in the city until his removal to his present metropolitan field of labor, which occurred Jan. i, 1901, when he be- came pastor of St. Luke's Lutheran Church, in Philadelphia, one of the most important churches in his denomination in the State. He is also the 616 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Literature Secretary of the Luther League of America, having entire charge of mapping out its various reading courses and student efforts. The Sunday school of Trinity Church is one of its prin- cipal features, and Mr. Fry devoted much of his time to its interests. The singing of oratorio an- thems by the young people, and the music on great festivals, was proverbial as the standard of compari- son in the community. On June 9, 1891, Rev. Mr. Fry was married, the tenth anniversary of his ordination, to Miss Laura F., only daughter of Henry M. Housekeeper, a re-, tired architect and builder in Philadelphia. The summer of that year they spent on a bridal tour in Europe visiting Holland, Belgium, Switzerland, Italy, France and England. On their return they were extended a public reception in which all de- flominations participated. Mr. Fry was the prime mover in the refined entertainments that were given every month in the court house during the winter of 1890-91, free of cost to the laboring classes, and was for years an active worker in a number of literary societies of the city. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Fry has been blessed by the birth of two children : Henry Jacob, born May 2, 1892 ; and Charles Luther, March 16, 1894. A more ideal family relation can hardly be found than that which exists in their home, Mr. Fry is as devoted to his family as to the Church, and to the great reforming and uplifting agencies of life. He is a friend of the poor and a helper to the needy. The descendant of a long line of Lutheran ancestors from the early days in the Palatinate, he wears worthily the mantle of his fathers. VERY REV. ANTHONY F. KAUL, V. F., the founder and present popular rector of St. An- thony's Roman Catholic Church, of Lancaster, is also Dean of York and Lancaster counties, the bishop of the diocese having conferred the title of Dean upon him in July, 1893. On June 13, 1894, the feast of the Patron Saint of the church, occurred his silver jubilee, commemorating the twenty-five years that had elapsed since his ordination, an event of sur- passing and memorable interest to the congregation of St. Anthony and to the community in general. Father Kaul was born in Sinsheim, Baden, Germany, June 8, .1846, and his father, Pirmin Kaul, was born in the same locality May 20, 1808, a son of John Kaul, of French descent. Pirmin Kaul was a tailor by occupation, and he was also engaged in the manufacture of epaulets and military regalia. He was married, Nov. 28, 1830, to Miss Magdelene, daughter of George Philip Dick, Bur- gomaster of Grumbach, Baden; she was born Feb. 20, 1804, in Grumbach. Early in 1847 ^^- ^"^ Mrs. Kaul embarked on an English sailing vessel at Antwerp, and after a stormy voyage of forty- seven days landed in New York city, July 7th. Going to Philadelphia, they remained there a short time, and then went to Reading, where they resided for about six months. In April, 1848, Pirmin Kaul located on a farm two miles from Adamstown, Lancaster county, where he engaged in agricultural pursuits until Aug. 15, 1852. From that time until 1862 he was engaged in the hotel business in Read- ing, after which he retired to private life. In 1877 he came to Lancaster, where he made his home until his death, which occurred June 5, 1883, at the ripe age of seventy-five years. Politically Pirmin Kaul was a Democrat, and in religious belief he was a Roman Catholic. Mrs. Kaul made her home with Father Kaul until a few years ago, when she was called to her reward. In her will she left a bequest for the erection of a clock in the tower of the beloved St. Anthony's church, and this clock has come to be regarded as a veritable public blessing, particularly to the people of the eastern side of the city. Of the seven children of Pirmin and Magde- lene (Dick) Kaul, all but one reached adult age, and are still living: (i) Annette became the wife of Christian Burger, of Reading, Pa. ; (2) John H., a retired merchant, lives in this city; (3) Joseph, now known as Brother Leopold, is professor of music in Notre Dame University, South Bend, Ind. ; (4) Mary W., housekeeper for Father Kaul, teaches painting and kindred branches at the Sacred Heart Academy; (5) Elizabeth, now sister M. Stanislaus, a sister of the Holy Cross and an adept in music, is Superior of the Sacred Heart Academy, Lancaster; (6) the Very Rev. Anthony F. Kaul, of Lancaster, is the youngest of the family. Father Kaul passed his early years in the public and parochial schools at Reading, Pa. In 1862 he became a student in St. Charles Preparatory Semi- nary, Glen Riddle, Pa., which school was then under the direction of the late Bishop Shanahan. After completing the classical course Father Kaul entered St. Charles Theological Seminary, on Eighteenth and Race streets, Philadelphia, where he pursued his philosophical and theological course, and was ordained Aug. 22, 1869, at Harrisburg, by Bishop Shanahan, first bishop of that diocese. The young priest was sent to Lancaster as assistant to the late Father F. L. Newfeld, of St. Joseph's church, arriving Sept. 24, 1869. In the spring of the following year it was decided to form a new parish from St. Jospeh's congregation, the boundary lines being set by the bishop. This comprised all east of North Water, South Queen and Strawberry streets. The church, which is located at the corner of Ann and Orange streets, was founded in April, 1870, by Father Kaul, who worked indefatigably to achieve this end. The lot on which the structure stands is 245x340 feet, and was purchased for $3.500 ; at the time it was used as a cornfield. The cornerstone was laid Aug. 14, 1870, in the presence of a large concourse. Rev. Father McGinnis, of Danville, Pa., being deputed by the late Very Rev. Bernard Keenan, administrator of the diocese y^^Z^l*t^l^^^e^*^;h <^U^c^^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 617 during the absence of the bishop at the Vatican Council at Rome, to take charge of the ceremony. For the first four years the basement was used for church services, this portion being dedicated April 9, 1871, by Rt. Rev. Bishop Shanahan. The edifice was completed and dedicated May 17, 1875. The church, which is 142 feet in length and 65 feet in width, is built of brick, and ornamented with brown stone ; the buttresses are capped with the same kind of stone. The heighth of the walls above the foundation is 38 feet, while the height of the cone of the roof is about 80 feet. In the front of the church is a tower of brick about 115 feet in height, which makes the steeple the highest in the city. The building stands back some distance from and faces on Orange street, and is entered by three massive doors of solid walnut, which lead into a roomy and well-arranged vestibule. From the vestibule are doors that lead into the church, and a stairway that leads into the gallery. The audience room is decidedly the handsomest in the city; it is about 100 feet long, 63 feet wide and 50 feet high from the floor to the top of the arched ceiling. The wainscoting, pews and other woodwork are finished in walnut and ash. The chancel, which is raised four steps, is enclosed with a heavy walnut railing and carpeted with fine brussels. The ceiling is formed by a Gothic arch springing from the side walls and flattened at the top. Between the windows are heavy Gothic ribs resting in brackets and reach- ing to the flattened part of the ceiling. From each end of these massive ribs, which are beautifully frescoed, depend large drops, two feet or more in length, of handsome pattern and finished in gold. The gas fixtures comprise ten pedestal lights, being ■of gold and bronze, and of new and handsome design, placed in two rows, equi-distant from the middle and side aisles. On either side of the altar are scroll brackets with five burners each, and suspended from the ceiling in front of the altar hangs a large sanctuary lamp, which is kept con- stantly burning. This is surmounted by a very bieautiful glass globe, rose red in color. Immediately behind the principal altar is a life-size and very excellent picture of the crucifixion, painted by the late Louis Reingruber, the well known artist of Lan- caster. On either side are paintings of equal size, representing the Nativity of Christ and the Adora- tion of the Magi. On the east and west slopes of the ceiling are portraits of all the apostles. The fourteen large oil paintings representing the stations are framed in walnut ; they are copies of De Schwanden, the famous Munich artist. On ■either side of the sanctuary arch is an angel with outspread wings and folded hands, and above the arch is an angel holding a scroll bearing the words Ecce tahernaculum Dei. The shading of the ground work is stone color, so handsomely intermingled with brighter shades and hues, however, as to be difficult of description. Nearly every panel con- tains the picture of a saint, and around these are "twined a perfect wilderness of arches, columns, ribs, scrolls, etc. Besides the main altar there are two other altars in the main audience room. The main altar stands within a large arched recess, at the extreme end of the church, and it is painted pure white, tipped with gold. It is eighteen feet in height from the top of the "exposition" to the base. The figure of an adoring angel stands on a pedestal on either side of the altar, while upon the top of the altar are placed six candlesticks, each nine feet three inches in height. On both sides of the main altar, and a little farther to the front, are two smaller altars, also placed within handsomely frescoed arches. One is St. Mary's and the other St. Joseph's.- They are of handsome design, and on them are placed respectively statues of the Blessed Virgin and St. Joseph. The lofty windows of the church are of beautiful design, and set with stained glass of many brilliant colors. The upper sash of each window contains two figures of saints. All the windows and paintings have been presented by members or friends of the parish. The three small windows above the sanctuary contain pictures of the blessed sacrament, and adoring angels are represented on either side. The gallery is in the south end of the audience room and extends entirely across it. It is supported by handsome columns and is reached by a stairway built in the vestibule of the church. The stairway and the gallery are wainscoted in solid walnut. The church has a seating capacity of 1,200 people, and cost over $60,000. The grand pipe organ is valued at $5,000, and the gold embroidered vestments were purchased at a cost of $2,000. In the fall of 1871 a parochial school was opened in the basement of the church, with two lay teachers, and two years later the present teachers. Sisters of the Holy Cross, Notre Dame, Ind., took charge, and also opened an academy and boarding school for voung ladies, known as the Sacred Heart Academy. In the spring of 1876 Father Kaul purchased a lot opposite the church, on the southeast corner of Ann and Orange streets, for $4,300, on which was erected the academy, a three-story and basement brick building, fitted out with all modern improve- ments. Every facility is afforded in this high-class and widely-known institution for the education of young ladies, the curriculum embracing not only the various branches of elementary studies, but deportment, physical culture and everything that goes to the making of perfect womanhood. Special attention is given to music and art, and every atten- tion is paid to the comfort and training of pupils — the place being noted for its homelike and elevating environments. In the year 1872 a temporary parochial resi- dence was built to the east of the church, and in 1873 five acres of land for cemetery purposes were purchased in the extension of Orange street. In 1892 a like number of acres, adjoining the old cemetery, were bought, and this is now known as St. 618 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Anthony's cemetery. In 1896, for the benefit of" the young men of the parish, a commodious and finely appointed brick building of three stories and basement was erected, the first floor being used as a school, the second for library purposes and the third for a hall, while the basement is devoted to a gymnasium. The handsomest rectory in all Lancaster has been erected on the lot west of the church and con- nected with the church by a gallery. The various societies of the church are in a flourishing condi- tion, the most prominent of these being St. Anthony's Beneficial Society and the Sodality of the Blessed Virgin and of the Guardian Angel. The congregation now numbers about three hundred families. In 1881 Father Kaul went to Europe, traveling extensively in Ireland, Scotland, England, France, Germany and Italy. While in Rome he had an interview with Pope Leo XIII, from whom he received the papal blessing, and upon his return to his congregation conferred it upon them. In 1886 he made a second trip to Europe, passing most of his time in Germany; and in 1900, his eyesight having become seriously impaired, he again made a voyage to Europe, this time to consult specialists. Such is a brief and necessarily imperfect glimpse of Father Kaul,. his ancestry, and the parish which he founded, and which he has nourished into its present grand proportions. To tell the complete story of his noble life and work would in itself fill a volume. He has been interested in the general welfare of Lancaster also, and was one of the active promoters of the Eastern Market — of such great benefit to the eastern part of the city. The appreciation of his work — as well as of Father Kaul personally— rwas fully attested when, in 1900, he made the trip to Europe to consult noted oculists ; prayers were uttered by every lip for a safe return and a full restoration of health and eyesight, and this alone showed how deep a hold he had on the hearts of the people, regardless of denomination. JOHN ROLAND, formerly both a stationary engineer and a farmer, with his residence in West Hempfield township, Lancaster county. Pa., was born in the Rhine province of Prussia, June 19, 1833, to Adolph and Gertrude (Steimel) Roland. The Roland family came to America in 1852 and for two months lived in Ne;y Jersey, whence with only two dollars among them they came to Lancas- ter county and located at Chestnut Hill, in West Hempfield township, where they remained until 1862, when, with the exception of John, they moved to Columbia, near which city the father was em- ployed in farming. The father, Adolph Roland, died in Columbia in May, 1864, when seventy years old, and the mother, Gertrude (Steimel) Roland, died in 1850, aged seventy-one years, and the re- mains of both were interred in the Catholic ceme- tery at Columbia, as they had been devout members of that church during the entire period of their earthly pilgrimage. Their marriage was blessed with the following children : Margaret, deceased wife of John Baker; Christina, wife of Harmon Wegand, of Columbia ; John ; Theodore, a coal mer- chant in Columbia; Helen, deceased wife of W. J. Shaffer, a druggist of Philadelphia; Rev. Frank, who was studying for the priesthood, but died at Vincent College; and Feronigal, who died young in New York. John Roland began working for himself in 1853, in the ore banks in West Hempfield township for the New York Iron Ore Company and continued! with this company until April, 1884, when he pur- chased his present farm of thirty-seven acres. On April 27, 1863, John Roland married Agnes Sheit in Lancaster and to this union there were bom twelve children, in the following order: Theodore, a stationary engineer at Columbia; John, who died young; Peter, a music dealer in Columbia; Eliza- beth, in Lancaster ; Andrew, who died at the age of twenty years ; Joseph, who died young ; Mary, in Lancaster; Agnes and Barbara, at home; William, in Columbia ; Clara, at home ; and Charles, who died young. Mrs. Agnes (Sheit) Roland, like her husband, was born in the Rhine province of Prussia, her birth occurring May 5, 1840, and her parents be- ing Peter and Elizabeth (Caber) Sheit, who came to America in 1850, and settled in Lancaster coun- ty. Pa., where the father died in 1872, and the mother in 1888, the latter at the age of seventy- eight. To Peter and Elizabeth Sheit were born four children, viz : Agnes, named above ; Catherine, de- ceased; Anna, deceased, and Barbara, wife of John Kirch, of Lancaster. Mr. Roland has made a success of life and by strict integrity and industrious habits has secured a competency. Besides his farm he owns other property in West Hempfield township, and pros- perity attends his every effort. He and his family are devoted members of the Catholic Church, to the support of which they ever contribute most liber- ally ; in politics Mr. Roland is a Republican, but has never been willing to accept public office. ALFRED H. WORREST, son of Henry W. and Hannah (Sweigart) Worrest, was born 'July 28, 1855, m Salisbury township, Lancaster county, Pa. Henry W. Worrest, a son of Peter and Margaret (Fierree) Worrest, the former a farmer, was born at Parkesburg, Chester Co., Pa., in 1822, and died in 1884. PTannah (Sweigart) Worrest, daughter of Isaac- and Leah (Reidenbaugh) Sweigart, farming people, was born near New Holland, Lancaster Co., Pa., m 1S25, and died in 1898. Alfred H. Worrest comes of two of the old families of this section, both his grandfathers haying operated teams between Philadelphia and Pittsburg, Pa., before the days of railroads. Some of the family have dropped the "re" and spell the name Worst. ^^--^^^T^TP-tS^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 619 Henry W. Worrest, father of Alfred H., was well and favorably known in the district in which he lived. He was a member of the Episcopal Church, his wife was a Lutheran; both are buried in St. John's cemetery, Compassville,' Chester Co., Pa. Their children were as follows : Alfred H., living in Lancaster, Pa. ; Harry, deceased ; Charles S., a farmer, living in Nebraska ; Miss Lizzie L. and Miss Annie M., of Pequea, Lancaster Co., Pennsylvania. Until he was twenty-one years of age Mr. Wor- rest remained with his father, assisting on the farm, and receiving remuneration in board and clothes. Any time that he could get off from the farm work was spent in selling agricultural implements to the farmers of the neighborhood. The following year he was employed by his uncle, John P. Sweigart, at the "Mansion House" at Gap, Lancaster Co., Pa. The succeeding two years he spent in raising to- bacco and selling agricultural implements, having as- sociated himself the second year with his cousin, T. K. Sweigart, under the firm name of Worrest & Sweigart, Pequea, Pa. They then sold a full line of these implements. This firm was dissolved in 1882, by mutual consent, Mr. Worrest having accepted a position with the Genesee Valley Manufacturing Company, of Mt. Morris, N. Y., to represent them as general agent for eastern Pennsylvania and adjoin- ing States. This position he held for eight years, during which time he invented what is known as the Royal Fertilizer Feeder for grain drills, and which is used by this company on their drills, they having a license under the patents to manufacture it. After severing his connection with the above mentioned company Mr. Worrest settled on a farm in Glenloch, Chester Co., Pa. During that year he sold the farm to Henry Geisse, and the following spring returned to Lancaster, accepting a position with the Deering Harvester Company, of Chicago, 111., and remain- ing with them one season, representing them in Lan- caster, Chester and Delaware counties. Pa. In this year (1891) he invented the safety buggy, which he had manufactured for him by D. A. Altick's Son, of Lancaster, imder the name of the Safety Buggy Works, and which he sold for three years. During this period he had been several times approached on the subject of forming a stock company to manufac- ture the Safety Buggy on a larger scale, which proposition he accepted in 1894, and the Safety Bug- gy Company, of Lancaster, Pa., was organized. The concern has one of the largest, if not the largest, car- riage works in Lancaster county • for five years Mr. Worrest was manager of and a director in the com- pany, when the business was sold to B. G. Dodge, who has continued in its management. After this Mr. Worrest invented the Standard Shaft and Pole Coupler, and the Standard Body Loop, both of which are for use in the construction of carriages. The Coupler he manufactured and sold under the name of the Standard Coupler Works, Lancaster, Pa. l"he Body Loop is made by the Keystone Forging Company, of Northumberland, Pa., who manufacture it under the patents and a license from Mr. Worrest. In 1900 the Coupler business having grown beyond the expectation of the inventor, it was bought by the Metal Stamping^ Company, of New York City, for a cash considera- tion and a royalty on the future sales during the term of the patents. Both of these inventions are well known to the carriage trade and have very large sales. At this writing Mr. Worrest is busily en- gaged in introducing his latest, and what he consid- ers his best, invention, "The Standard Ball Axle," for carriages and all other vehicles. At the parsonage of St. John's Episcopal Church,, of Compassville, Pa., by Rev. Mr. Tullidge, Alfred H. Worrest was united in marriage with Katherine F. Wanner, who was born July 17, 1859, in Salisbury township, Lancaster county, Pa., daughter of Martin and Martha (Mast) Wanner, farming people of Salisbury township. Children as follows have been born to this union : Minnie E., Grace E. (deceased) , Elsie M., Edgar' W., Harry (who died in infancy), Warren W. and Howard A. Mr. Worrest was reared in the faith of the Epis- copal Church, of which his daughters are communi- cants, and of which he is a supporter. His political affiliations are with the Republican party, while fraternally he is associated with the Knights of Malta; I. O. O. F.; Jr. O. U. A. M. ; and K. of P. His genius has made him known to the manu- facturing world over a large territory. At his home he is still the quiet, studious man, whom his friends have known for years as the good neighbor and first-class citizen, ever anxious for the welfare of family, city and State. DAVID GRAEFF, an eminently respected cit- izen of Columbia, is a retired machinist. Born Feb. 18, 1 82 1, he has reached the venerable age of four score and two years, and is passing the evening of his well-spent life in ease and contentment. His father, who died in 1825, at the early age of twenty- six, was likewise named David, and was. a descend- ant of a family of Swiss emigrants, who formed a portion of a colony of thirteen families that settled in Pequea Valley as early as 1702. His mother, whose maiden name was Catherine Pratt, was a daughter of James and Stabina (Stauffer) Pratt; she passed away in 1878, in her eighty-third year. James Pratt was an Englishman by birth, while his wife was a native of Lancaster. After the death of his father young David, who was an only child, was apprenticed when a boy of fifteen years by his guardian, Daniel Zahn, to Mi- chael Ehrman, a brass founder of Lancaster. Mr. Graeff yet has the articles of indenture, which he prizes highly. His 'term of apprenticeship covers a period of five years, two months and twenty-six days, and in consideration of his services he re- ceived the sum of ten pounds, and was given the privilege of attending school for sixteen months. After the expiration of his term, the young man's 620 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY love of adventure led him to enlist in the United States navy, and he shipped from Philadelphia as a landsman, being later transferred to the "North Car- olina," then lying in the port of New York. After fourteen months he met with an accident which so disabled him that he was compelled to leave the service on Jan. 29, 1843. Returning to Lancaster, he began working at his trade, which he followed as a journeyman for about five years, and then spent another year in charge of the city water works. On April I, 1850, he removed to Columbia, and estab- lished a brass foundry which he conducted for four years, when he disposed of it and began working as a machinist. In 1864 he entered the machine shop of the Pennsylvania railroad, but left this posi- tion after five years to become an engineer in a fur- nace. Three years later he accepted a position in the machine shop of Supplee & Bro., but within a few years returned to the employ of the railroad ■company. He continued in that service until Jan. I, 1900, when his long years of faithful service were rewarded by retirement upon a pension. He is a communicant in the Episcopal Church, and inde- pendent in politics. At Lancaster, Pa., David Graeff married Chris- tiana Lorentz, who bore him three children : Mary C, John H. and Emma E. The oldest daughter, now ■deceased, married the late Cyrus G. Hinkle, an engi- neer on the Pennsylvania railroad, who lost his life in an accident. John H., the only son, is also a rail- road engineer, and a brief sketch of his life may be iound below. Emma E., the youngest daughter, is unmarried, and lives with her parents. Mrs. Graeff was born in Lancaster, Pa., Jan. i, 1829, a daughter of John and Magdeline (Metzgar) Lorentz, and a granddaughter of John Lorentz, Sr. John Lorentz, her father, died in Lancaster in 1834, at the age of fifty, and the mother survived him until 1855, when, at Columbia, she, too, entered into rest, liaving lived to pass the seventy-fifth anniversary of her birth. They were members of the Reformed and Lutheran Churches, respectively. Twenty-one ■children were born of their union, but owing to im- perfections in the family records, the names of only a few of them can be given: Sarah, Jacob, John (all deceased), Harry, William, Mary, Leah, Eva and Christiana. Mrs. GraeflF's maternal grandfa- ther, Jacob Metzgar, accompanied his parents from Germany to America when a boy of ten years. John H. GraefJ, the only son of David and Christiana (Lorentz) Graeff, was born in Colum- Ibia, Jan. 25, 1852. He attended school until eigh- teen years old, and then began work in the shops of the railroad company. After two years thus spent he took a position as locomotive fireman, and in less than four years was promoted to fill the hazardous and responsible position of engineer. He yet remains in the company's employ, honored and trusted by his superiors, beloved by his fellowmen, popular in the community in which he was reared, and universally esteemed because of his manly traits of character. He is a member of the Masonic Or- der and is a Knight Templar, as well as a member of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers. His po- litical sympathies are with the Republican party, and his religious faith is that of the Episcopal Church. On Jan. 23, 1879, John H. Graeff was married at Columbia, to Miss Louisa Kistler, who was born in Lancaster, Sept. 9, 1858. Her father, John J. Kistler, was a native of Switzerland, and her moth- er, nee Sophia Mythaler, was born in Baden. They came with their respective 'brothers and sisters to Lancaster in 1847-48, and there they were mar- ried, their parents remaining in the old world. Mr. Kistler was born in 1823, was by trade a carpenter and died Sept. 15, 1885. Mrs. Kistler was born May 15, 1827, and is yet living, making her home with her soh-in-law and daughter, Mr. and Mrs. Graeff. Mrs. Graeff is one of six children born to her parents, the others, in order of birth, being Em- ma, who married Charles Evans, an iron worker; Mary, the wife of Edward Edwards, a retired busi- ness man of New York; William, a stationary en- gineer of Steelton, Pa. ; Albert, a carpenter and builder residing in Brooklyn, N. Y. ; and John, a telegraph operator in New York City. The mar- riage of Mr. and Mrs. Graelif has been blessed with five children, namely: Stella, George D., William L., John H. and Margaret C. PIERCE LESHER was born in the village of Reamstown, Lancaster county, May 9, 1853, and spent his early life upon the farm. He received his education in the public schools of his native town and in the State Normal School at Millersville.- For four yealrs he engaged in teaching school, and then began the manufacture of cigars. He left that bus- iness- to enter the United States Internal Revenue service on July 4, 1885, becoming a deputy collector under Hon. John T. MacGonigle, collector of the 9th District, at Lancaster, taking charge of the dis- tilled spirits accounts, and held that position under Collectors MacGonigle and Hensel until March 11, 1889, when he resigned to become assistant cashier of the Conestoga National Bank at Lancaster. His connection with that institution lasted until Aug. i, 1889, at which time he re-entered the Revenue service as cashier under Collector Hensel, filling the office until the end of Mr. Hensel's term. He continued in the Revenue service, as deputy under Collector Sam Matt. Fridy, Esq., the successor of Mr. Hen- sel, and as chief deputy under Collectors Shearer and Hershey. On Jan. i, 1900, he resigned from the Revenue service to take the position of treasurer of The Lancaster Trust Co. During the last three years of Mr. Lesher's connection with the Revenue service he was chairman of the examining committee on the Revenue and Post Office civil service boards, which position he filled with much ability. On April T. 1903, he resigned as Treasurer of The Lancaster Trust Co. to accept the position of General Superin- (jiUuyjCiSjsiuJUiA/ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 621 tendent and Treasurer of the knitting mills of the Lesher-Raig Knitting Co., Limited, located at Reamstown, Pa., in which industry he is largly in- terested. While in the Revenue service Mr. Lesher was called upon to pass through -the most trying ordeal of his life, having been in confidential relations with the United States secret service men from June, 1898, until April, 1899, no other people in Lancaster dreaming of what was going on in their midst in the way of counterfeiting money and revenue stamps, in what is known as the Jacobs-Kendig counterfeit- ing cases. The secret service men made Mr. Lesh- er's home on West Chestnut street a place of meet- ing, usually calling there at dead of night. Ladders and tools of all sorts were stored there, and Mr. Lesher never knew when he retired for the night, but that he might be called to join some midnight or early morning raid. These expeditions put him to his wits' end to smooth over matters to inquiring neigh- bors, so as to conceal the real object of these night- ly errands. His high character and unimpeachable standing, however, carried the matter over success- fully. When it became neccessary to aquaint his superior officer with what was going on, he wired the authorities at Wahsington, and the whole mat- ter was carried through to a successful conclusion. All parties connected with this scheme were arrested, their goods, counterfeit plates, printing presses and a large quantity of counterfeit cigar stamps being seized and forfeited to the Government. In connec- tion with this case, twelve persons were arrested, convicted and sentenced to terms of imprisonment, it having been the most gigantic scheme ever at- tempted at counterfeiting in the United States. In the part taken by Mr. Lesher, in assisting to bring the guilty parties to justice, he displayed great cool- ness, shrewdness and courage, for which he received the highest praise froin those under wljom he served and the public at large. On Nov. 25, 1885, Mr. Lesher was married to Kate P. McGinnis, daughter of the late Thomas J. and Sarah (Powell) McGinnis, the latter of whom died when the daughter was but three years old, from which time she made her home with her uncle, the late Mitchell J. Weaver, whose home she and her husband, with their two children, Mary Helen and Clara Elizabeth, now occupy. Mr. Lesher is a vestryman of St. John's Episcopal Church, and fra- ternally is prominent in Masonic circles. He was one of the organizers of the Home Building & Loan Association and served on its board of directors. He was also one of the chief promoters in the organ- ization of the Ephrata & Adamstown Railway Com- pany and the building of their road, and he is a mem- ber of their board of directors. Mr. Lesher always took a great interest in matters pertaining to his na- tive town and was the first to agitate the building of this line through the same, and it was owing to his .efiforts, mainly, that this was accomplished. He is also a director of the Adamstown & Mohnsville Rail- way Co. Apart from this, Mr. Lesher has made a good record as a citizen and business man, by the intelligence, fidelity and ability he has brought to bear alike on his private and public labors, and he is much respected at home and abroad for his manly qualities and his genial and companionable spirit. Nicholas and Dorothy Lesher, remote ancestors of Pierce Lesher, came to America from the Pala- tinate prior to 1730, and made their home in Lan- caster county. Here they had three sons, Nicholas, Abraham and John. John married Elizabeth Bink- ley, and had one son, whom he also named John, and who married Catherine Miller. To John and Catherine (Miller) Lesher were born three sons, Henry, John and William, of whom John was the father of Pierce Lesher. John Lesher married Rebecca Matz, of Spring township, Berks Co., Pa:, daughter of George and Elizabeth Matz, and a granddaughter of Lawrence Matz, who was of German descent. By this union their were two children, Pierce Lesher and Mrs. Clara L. Evans, the latter a widow, and living at Reading, Pa. Mr. Lesher's great-grandfather, John Lesher, bought a farm at Reamstown, Lancaster county, which has been in the possession of the Lesh- er family ever since, and is now owned by Pierce Lesher, whose name opens this sketch. WILLIAM CONNARD HOAR. This gentle- man has been fortunate enough to acquire a knowl- edge of the mysteries of two callings, one being that of a blacksmith and the other that of a farmer, but the latter seems best to please him, as he has re- linquished the former, and is still engaged in his pursuit of the latter in Salisbury township, Lan- caster county. William C. Hoar was born in Buyerstown, Salis- bury township, Lancaster county, March 12, 1835, a son' of James and Mary (Evetts) Hoar, natives of Salisbury township, who were married Aug. 5, 1819. James Hoar, the father, was born May 28, 1796, was a blacksmith all his days, and died in Buyers- town, Jan. I, 1863. His wife, who was born July 9, 1797, had been called away Aug. 31, 1840. Their remains rest in the old Friends churchyard in Sads- bury, among those of their ancestors of generations gone bv for years. Ten children graced the union of this highly respected couple, and in order of birth were as follows : Ann E., who was married to Michael Beam but is now deceased, her surviving husband being a retired farmer of Eden township ; John B., also deceased; Robert, a retired farmer living in Leacock township ; Rachel, widow of John Whiteside, a former veterinary surgeon in Parkes- burg, Chester county, where she still has her resi- dence; Sarah, deceased wife of William Hasson; Mary C, living in Paradise township, the widow of William Shaffer; James, deceased; Margaret, who died when 3'oung; William C, whose name heads this biographical notice; and Lettitia L., deceased. The paternal grandparents of William C. Hoar were 622 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY James and Anna (Chamberlain) Hoar, of Chester county, early settled in Salisbury township, Lancas- ter county, and were of the most wealthy and re- spected Quaker families of this part of the State. Great grandfather Chamberlain was a man of means, and primarily a farmer in Sadsbury township, Lan- caster county, but he was also a sea captain and was eventually lost while making one of his voyages. In Leacock township, in 1873, William C. Hoar was united in marriage with Miss Christiana E. Slack, who was born in Leacock township Oct. 27, 1S47, 3- daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Brower) Slack. To this union have been born three chil- dren, viz: Mary E., who died when but fifteen years old; and J. Willard and Anna J., both still imder the parental roof. William C. Hoar began his business life at the age of sixteen years in his father's blacksmith shop, or in about 185 1. In 1855 the father retired, and William C. continued on with the business until 1882, when he sold out and purchased his present farm, in connection with which he conducted a blacksmith shop for two years, and then abandoned blacksmitEing altogether. As a farmer Mr. Hoar has met with abundant success, and is classed among the best in the county. In fact, he follows the lines which inevitably lead to a victory over all opposi- tion, and to the triumphant subjection of all ob- stacles that impede the way, those lines being sound judgment, unceasing industry and conscientious per- formance of the duties pertaining to his calling. Mr. and Mrs. Hoar are devout members of the Methodist Episcopal church, in which Mr. Hoar has been a trustee for many years, and to the support of which they are constant and liberal contributors. In politics Mr. Hoar is a Republican, but has never manifested any desire to hold public office. JOSHUA BRINTON, deceased, son of Moses and Hannah (Chamberlain) Brinton, of Leacock and Sadsbury townships, respectively, was born Feb. 28, 181 1, and died Aug. 4, 1892, and was bur- ied in the Society of Friends cemetery in Salisbury township. Moses Brinton was born in 1761, and died Nov. 23, 1846; his wife, who had remarried, survived until June 17, i860. They were both con- sistent members of the Society of Friends and were buried in the Sadsbury cemetery. In November, 1848, Joshua Brinton married in Philadelphia. Miss Mary E. Passmore, of whom further mention will be shortly made. To this union were born five children, viz: Phoebe, who is married to M. P. Cooper, a coal merchant in Chris- tiana, Pa., and has one child ; Clara E., who is the wife of Robert U. Knox, a cattle dealer at Gap, Pa., and has borne one child, which is now deceased; Mary and Joshua H., both of whom died young; and J. Howard, still with his mother. Mrs. Mary E. (Passmore) Brinton was a daugh- ter of Enoch and Phoebe (Hollis) Passmore, who were married in Salisbury township in October, 1822. Enoch Passmore was a substantial business man and brewer and was conspicuous as a town- ship official. He was born March 16, 1785, and died June 6, 1858; his wife died at the age of thirty- nine. They were members of the Society of Friends and their remains were interred in the Sadsbury meeting-house cemetery. To Enoch and Phoebe Passmore were born eight children, viz : John, who died in infancy; Sarah, who was born Sept. 19, 1824, who married Benjamin Hershey, and died; Mary E., born Feb. 3, 1827 ; Seneca, born Nov. 12, 1828, and who died young; Emeline, born July 21, 1830, who died unmarried at the age of fifty; Enoch, born Oct. 19, T831, now retired from the activities of business as ticket agent and lives at Kinzers, Lan- caster county; George W., born Feb. 11, 1833, and died in infancy; Horace, born Sept. 15, 1834, and died in the- army. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Mary E. Brinton were John and Diana (Davis) Passmore, and were farming people of some con- siderable prominence in Chester county. The late Joshua Brinton was an excellent farmer but not an excellent manager for the reason that his too generous nature induced him too often to expend his means in aiding his friends when he should have applied them to use nearer at home. Lacking only a wise economy, he was a consistent member of the Society of Friends and an unusually warm tipholder of its principles and methods. In politics he was a Republican. T. CLINTON ARNOLD, who stands among the prominent members of the Lancaster County Bar, is descended from one of the oldest and best Quaker families in Pennsylvania. Henry Brosius, his ma- ternal great-grandfather, is the same as that of the late Hon. Marriott Brosius, whose family history is very fully given elsewhere. His maternal grandfather was Abner Brosius, who married 'Letitia Wilkinson about 1828. They were both natives of southern Chester county. Pa., but soon after their mai-riage they purchased a farm near Bethesda, Martic township, Lancaster coun- ty, where they resided until about the year 1864, when they removed to Lincoln University, Chestei county, where Mr. Brosius died in 1876. Mrs. Brosius died in 1897, aged eighty-seven years, at the home of our subject's parents. They were both actively interested in the anti-slavery cause, and on on one occasion they concealed Fred Douglas, who had been a slave and was afterward widely known as a benefactor of his race, in their home, that he might escape the violence of a mob who tried to break up an anti-slavery meeting held in the neigh- borhood, by throwing rotten eggs, hooting and jeer- mg the speakers, and threatening to ride them on rails. They were ever ready to reach out a helping hand to the needy and oppressed. William Arnold, his paternal grandfather, con- ducted a store, and at the same time engaged in the quarrying of slate, at Peach Bottom, Lancaster coun- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 623 ty, in the early days of the development of that industry in that section. He died in 1852. William John Arnold, the father of I. Clinton, now resides on a farm near Peach Bottom, York county, Pa., where he has resided many years and has served several terms as justice of the peace, and was a member of the school board for twelve years, having been one of the promoters of the township high school of that section — a pioneer school of the higher grade. He married Amanda P. Brosius, in 1858. Five children were born to them, all of whom are living, as follows: I. Clinton, member of the Lancaster Bar; E. Willard, in the Northern Pacific Railway service, at Portland, Ore. ; Alice W., wife of Henry W. Evans, a farmer at Peach Bottom, Pa. ; Clarence Er, a member of the Bar in San Fran- cisco, Cal. ; and Mabel B., unmarried and engaged in teaching school. Four of these, I. Clinton, Alice, Clarence and Mabel, are graduates of the State Normal School, at Millersville, Pa. ; the mother was a student there at the first session of the school, when it was founded by the late Hon. J. P. Wicker- sham, and she was a member of the first teachers' institute held in Lancaster county. I. Clinton Arnold was born Sept. 7, 1859, ™ Mar- tic township, Lancaster county, but spent his boy- hood days on his father's farm, near Peach Bottom, York county. There the life he led resembled that of other boys on farms in that day, before railroads were common, and while the telegraph and tele- phone were as yet unheard of ; but it was unlike that of many farmer boys, in that at home he was encour- aged to work not only at farm work, but in the great field of learning. His mother was never too tired or too busy to give help when he wanted it whether the matter was a hard spelling lesson or something else. So he learned the great lesson of work and application, which finally enabled him to do well in the field of labor which he chose. He got all he could from the district school, and then did the same at the Delta High school, traveling over three miles €ach morning to reach the school. Before he was quite seventeen years old, he began to teach, his cer- tificate being granted by B. F. Shaub, then superin- tendent of Lancaster county. He began his work at Post Tree school, in the village of Fairfield, Dru- more township, where he taught two years, and the following three years taught Harmony school, in the adjoining district, and a summer term at Home- ville, Chester county, Pa. In the meantime he had attended the Millersville State Normal School, and in 1882 graduated from that institution. After graduating he taught the Willow Grove school, in West Lampeter township, Lancaster Co., and the following year resigned that school to become prin- cipal of the Friends Select School, at Oxford, Ches- ter county. When about eight years of age, he de- cided that he would be a lawyer, when he was a man, and (Steadily kept that aim in view. Shortly after his graduation, he passed the preliminary examin- ation, and was registered as a law student of the Hon. Marriott Brosius, and in 1885, was admitted to practice in the several courts of Lancaster coun- ty, and later to the Supreme and Superior courts of Pennsylvania. He remembers with pleasure and gratitude his student days, and the early years of his practice, the interest and friendship extended to him by H. B. Swarr, a prominent member of the Bar and one time legal adviser, and afterward one of the executors of President Buchanan. Later Mr. Arnold and Mr. Swarr were .closely associated in the practice of law, and continued so up to the death of the latter. In 1885 he was appointed notary pub- lic by Governor Pattison, notwithstanding he was a Republican, and he has held a commission as Notary ever since, with the exception of a few months, when he resigned, to act as special agent to investigate the mortgage indebtedness of Lancaster county in the census of 1890. He has always been regarded as a reliable counsellor and would always rather keep his clients out of litigation than to get them into it when it can be done without sacrificing their in- terests. On Jan. 26, 1897, Mr. Arnold was married by Friends ceremony to Lucy Harris, daughter of Quinton P, and Mary B. Harris, of Salem, N. J., where Mr. Harris was engaged in farming, but is now living retired. One child, Harris Clinton, was born of this union in 1900, Mr. Arnold resides at No. 434 North Lime street, Lancaster, Pa. Relig- iously he inclines to the Friends or Quakers, from which he descended. Politically he is a Republican, and has taken an active part in all Republican cam- paigns ever since he became a law student. He be- longs to the ^'^oung Men's Republican Club. That he should take a keen interest in that political party is not to be wondered at, when the fact is recalled that his ancestors were among the earliest and stanchest Abolitionists of the country, and among the founders of the Republican party. GEORGE BENKERT, whose School of Music is located at No. 147 East King street, has done much to improve and cultivate the taste for classical music in Lancaster, and is an artist of rare gifts in the study and teaching of his art. ' William Benkert, the father of George, was bom in Carlshafen, Germany. He completed his musical training in a noted school in Homberg under Dr. W. Volckmar, and then became a teacher in the school and an organist in various places in Germany for a period of fifty years. Matilda Moeller, his wife, was a native of Kirchberg, Germany, and a daughter of Jacob Moeller, an organist and pianist of more than ordinary merit for a period of fifty-two years, and an intimate associate of Louis Spohr, the celebrated composer. Thus it is seen that not only has Mr. Benkert, of Lancaster, made himself by hard work what he is, but that there is in his blood a sensibility to the attraction of musical art that would demand expression. George Benkert was born in Hessen-Cassel, Ger- 624 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY many, April 14, 1864, and accomplished his educa- tion in the Fatherland, studying music under the in- structions of his father and grandfather, at the Hom- berg Seminary, then becoming a pupil of Prof. Dr. W. Volckmar and G. Zanger, the latter famous as an instructor on the violin and in choral training. The effect of Mr. Zanger's instruction is seen in the great amount of choral and oratorio work which Mr. Benkert has successfully and brilliantly accom- plished in Lancaster. . Mr. Benkert entered the Seminary at the age of seventeen years, and was graduated with the hon- ors of his class conferred by Prof. Dr. Volckmar, in organ and piano music. Leaving his native land in 1883, he landed at New York, and stopping for a short period with Julius Stern, of Brooklyn, an old schoolmate of his father, he afterward made his way to Lancaster, this city remaining his home to the present time. From 1883 to 1896 he was the organist and choir-master of Zion's Lutheran Church ; for seven years he has been choir master and organist of the First Presbyterian Church, and the musical service in that church has become noted. He brought Sieveking, the great pianist, to Lancaster, and with his associates barely escaped a financial loss, but he was satisfied in the impulse the music of this great master of the piano gave to the higher musical culture of the city. Adele Aus Der Ohe was brought by him from New York on another occasion, and the interpretation of the piano rendered by this celebrated figure in modern music was a rich treat to all who love music. Mr. Benkert's musical pupils have presented numerous recitals to their friends in Lancaster, and their bril- liant and finished work attests the thoroughness of his instruction. Mr. Benkert was married in 1890 to Clara A., daughter of August J. Riske, a merchant tailor in Lancaster. This imion has resulted in the birth of three children, two of whom, Catherine Olga and Anna Marguerite, are living, and one, William Au- gustus, is now dead, having passed away at the age of seven years. Mr. Benkert has assisted in many charitable concerts, and organized the Mendelssohn Society, which has given the oratorios of St. Paul and Chris- tus, both by Mendelssohn, and many choruses from the best masters. Great indeed have been the results of the constant efforts of Mr. Benkert to cultivate a love for music in this community, and no man among us holds a deeper place in the affections of the people, than does this quiet and unassuming, but accomplished gentleman, an artistic pianist and organist of rare merit and genuine worth. CHARLES H. SMITH, successor to G. Harry Reed, at the Old Lakeland Stables, No. 153 North Queen street, Lancaster, is conducting the largest livery business in the city, and has been in charge of same since March 20, 1902. No better equipped establishment supplies the needs of a cosmopolitan community anywhere in the cotintry. All manner of turnouts of modern construction are kept on hand, and a specialty is made of funeral and wed- ding rigs, equipages for pleasure parties and general driving, as well as busses and commercial wagons. About forty well groomed horses are kept in con- stant readiness, several of which present a dashing and spirited appearance before the tally-ho. A native of Kinzers Station, Lancaster Co., Pa., Mr. Smith was born Feb. 11, 1872, son of John. S. and Mary E. (Slaymaker) Smith, of Williamstown, this county. John S. Smith was a hotel man in early life, and conducted the "Kinzers Hotel" for eleven years, previous to which he had been con- nected with the "Williamstown Hotel" for six years. He was one of the first to raise tobacco in Lancaster county, and was the very first to bring seed tobacco here. People would come for miles around to see the plant grow, and so successful was Mr. Smith that he became the largest tobacco packer in the county, and made a fair fortune in that line. He also manufactured cigars, and dealt extensively in coal, lumber and grain. He was a man of force and determination, and possessed personal characteristics which kept him in the front of public affairs as long as he lived. Before enter- ing the hotel business he had been a teacher, and he invariably kept abreast of the times, and was unusually well informed. Politics entered largely into his active life, and he held many important positions at the request of his Republican allies, being active in promoting the interests of his party. He was justice of the peace for many years in Williamstown, and while at Kinzers was post- master and ticket, freight and express agent. He was a member of the Presbyterian church, and con- tributed generously toward its maintenance. Mr. Smith died in 1885, at the age of fifty-five years, while yet at the height of his energetic and useful career. His wife died in 1879, at the age of forty- seven. They were the parents of the following children: Clara S., of Harrisburg, Pa., married Ezra W. Frantz, a railroad engineer; Sarah E. is •the widow of John M. Eckert, of Cincinnati, Ohio; Mary S. is the wife of H. S. Armstrong, a railroad engineer of Philadelphia ; Emma L. is the wife of Clem A. Hoar, clerk of Trego county, Kans. ) Addie V. is the wife of Nimrod Smith, railroad postal clerk at Harrisburg, Pa.; Lizzie H. is the wife of A. Newton Hoar, station master at Hunt- ington, Oregon; Charles H. is mentioned below. The paternal grandparents, John and Mary Smith, were natives of Lancaster county, where he engaged in the manufacture of harness and collars, and retired in later life. For the first six years of his life Charles H. Smith lived with his parents in the hotel at Kinzers, where he was born. Then his father retired from the hotel business and moved his family to Lancaster for one year, during which time he erected a new home at Kinzers, whither he again removed his fam- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 626 ily, and where Charles lived until 1885, when his fa- ther died. He was then thirteen years of age, and went to live with his sister, Mrs. Eckert, at Chris- tiana, Pa., where he attended the high school for two years. Later he worked in a livery stable at' Gap, Pa., for two years.. In 1889, at the age of seven- teen he returned to Lancaster, and held the position of mail messenger for two years , his employer being John F. Brimmer, at Brimmer's Livery. During this time he took a night course in Weidler's Business College, after which Mr. Brimmer took him into his office, where he held the position of clerk and bookkeeper for all three branches of Mr. Brimmer's extensive business — livery, leaf tobacco business and manufacture of cigars. In 1898, when Mr. Brimmer sold out his livery business to G. Harry Reed, Mr. Smith became associated with the latter in the capacity of manager and as partner of the new owner, and on March 20, 1902, himself purchased the entire business from Mr. Reed. Mr. Smith is a Republican in politics, and is fraternally connected with the Elks, Artisans and Royal Arcanum. He was married Aug. 28, 1891, to Miss Eva B. IMarrow, daughter of John W. Marrow, and of this union there is one son, Wilbur Grant. LINDEN HALL SEMINARY. Probably the best, and at the same time the briefest, descriptive account of Linden Hall Seminary is that to be found in the opening paragraph of the annual circular. It is as follows : "This institution for the education of young la- dies, founded in the year 1794, came into existence at the request of parents living in Pennsylvania and, Maryland, who desired to have their daughters in- structed in the elements of a polite education — ^the opportunities for which were in that day very lim- ited — whilst their physical and religious well-being should at the same time be specially consid- ered and fostered. The recognition of the orig- inal demand upon it, and of the trust that was placed in it, has remained the aim and motive of the school. It exists only for the sake of its scholars. In their welfare it finds its mission." As a school, however, the Seminary has had a continuous existence for more than a century and a half. From the very beginning of the Moravian Church in 1457, its history has been a history of ed- ucation, and wherever Moravian emigrants found a home in this country the church and the school house grew up side by side. This was what took place when a settlement was effected in Warwick township, Lancaster county. In 1748 a congrega- tion of the Moravian Church was organized, and the next year, 1749, a log house was built a little north of the creek, on "Lititz Springs." This house was used as a chapel, parsonage and school house. In 1754. George Klein, the owner of a large tract of land, all of which he gave to the Moravian Church, built a two-story stone house, on the south side of the creek, on the site now occupied by the property 40 of Peter S. Reist, Esq., on Main street, to whicb the chapel, parsonage and school were removed. The settlement was called Lititz by Count Zinzen- dorf ill memory of the barony of Lititz in Bohemia,, where the followers of John Huss found a refuge on the estate of King George of Podiebrad, and organ- ized themselves in 1457 into the Church of the Mo- ravian and Bohemian Brethren. The corner-stone of the ■ Sister's House, now "The Castle" part of Linden Hall, was laid June 7, 1758. After its completion and dedication, May 18, 1762, the parochial school for girls was con- ducted in that building. In 1769 that part of the present "Hall" occupied by the Principal's study and the school dining room was built, .and was known as the "Kinder Haus" (children's house). This was enlarged in 1804, '^nd the boarding school was moved into it after the' building had been dedi- cated on Aug. 26th, of that year. Previous to 1794, however, the school had existed simply as a paro- chial or day school, but in that year Mrs. Marvel, of Baltimore, who was visiting Lititz, insisted that the Sisters should take charge of her little daughter Margaret, then nine years of age, in order that she might attend the regular parochial school. Little "Peggy" Marvel, as she was called, then became the first boarding scholar on Sept. 7, 1794, and the founding of the "Lititz Boarding School," as it was first called, dates from that time. As a school for girls there is probably none older in this country, and as a distinctively Boarding School for the high- er education of girls and young women it is recog- nized as the second oldest, having an uninterrupted history of 109 years (1903). During this interval upwards of 4,000 young wo- men have gone forth from its walls prepared for the serious duties of life. Drawing as it did, it's first pu- pil from Baltimore, the names of many of the early and well known families of Maryland and Virsfini-' are to be found on its rolls, and prominent names of families high in the councils of the nation, partic- ularly before the war of the Rebellion, are well rep- resented. The names, too, and nearly all the moth- ers, of the old and well established families of Lan- caster city and county, are to be found somewhere among the early records of the institution. Unfor- tunately many of these records have been either lost or destroyed, and though referred to in private or church diaries have not been found. A partial list of pupils between 1794 and 1804 reveals such well known Lancaster names as Steinman, Henry, Gun- daker, Clark, Watson, Carpenter, Fahnestock, Ell- maker, Forney, Lightner and Wilson. Time and modern ideas have wrought many changes in this venerable institution. The changes from wood fires and tallow dips, to steam heat; elec- tric light, and other modern conveniences, have been very great. But high ideals of womanly culture and conduct have ever animated the spirit of the school life, and if the reminiscences left upon record' by the pupils of a century ago are trustworthy, life at ' 626 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Linden Hall has always been peculiarly happy and productive of excellent results. A list of the former principals is appended to this article, beginning with John Herbst, in 1794, to the present incumbent Charles D. Kreider, who entered upon his service of the school as assistant principal in 1897, and as principal in 1898. The two men who served the school for the longest time, and who, therefore, probably impressed their personal- ity to a greater extent upon its work, were Eugene A. Frueauif and Herman A. Brickenstein ; the for- mer was principal from 1838 to 1855, and again from 1868 to 1873. To him the school owes not only its name "Linden Hall," but the loyal devotion of many alumnae. It was he who planted the first linden trees, and gave the best energies of his life to the work o'f the institution which he loved. Fol- lowing immediately in his footstep was the second, Herman A. Brickenstein, principal from 1873 to 1892. Many are the women today who rise up to call him blessed. His life, like that of his predeces- sor, was devoted to education and was an example and inspiration to all who knew him. Principals of Linden Hall Seminary : John Herbst, 1794-1802; John Meder, 1802-1805; John F. Frueauif, 1805-1815 ; Andrew Benade, 1815- 1822; Christian Bechler, 1822-1824; Samuel Reinke, 1824- 1826; John G. Kummer, 1826- 1830; Charles F. Kluge, 1830- 1836; Peter WoUe, 1836- 1838; Eugene A. Frueauff, 1838-1855; Julius T. Beckler, 1855-1862 ; WiUiam C. Reichel, 1862-1868; Eugene A. Frueauff, 1868-1873 ; Herman A. Brick- enstein, 1873-1892; Charles B. Shultz, 1892-1897; Charles L. Moench, 1897-1898; and Charles D. Kreider, 1898. Chari.es D. Kreider, the present principal (1903), cjCme to his work well equipped to maintain both the standard and reputation of Linden Hall. He was born and spent his boyhood in Lancaster city, receiving his preliminary education in the Lan- caster schools. After graduating at the Moravian College, he served six years as teacher at Nazareth Hall, the Moravian School for Boys at Nazareth, Pa., and for a year as instructor at the Moravian College. Imbued with the spirit of Moravian edu- cational ideas, and familiar with modern method and practice, his work promises to preserve the well earned and established reputation of Linden Hall Seminary as Lancaster county's oldest and most widely known school for girls and young women. JOHN SCHOCK, a prominent resident of Mt. Joy, now living in retirement, was for many years closely identified with the agricultural and com- mercial interests of Lancaster county in various lines, and enjoys the respect and esteem of his fel- low citizens for his many sterling traits of character. Mr. Schock was born Jan. 7, 1825, in East Don- egal township, three miles west of Marietta, and comes of a family that has been well known in Lan- caster county for several generations. His great grandfather, John Schock, a native of Germany, was the pioneer in Lancaster county, where in 1734, he settled for life in Manor township, near Cres- well, on land now occupied by one of his great- grandsons, John Schock, a farmer. It was includ- ed in what is now known as Turkey Hill, and as he gradually added to his possesions, at the time of his death he owned a large tract. His home was a rude house of hewed locust logs. Of the family of eight children born to John Schock and his wife, we have mention of John, Jacob, Henry and Abra- ham. Abraham Schock, the grandfather of John, of this sketch, was born in Manor township, where he married and remained until 1785, removing then to East Donegal township and locating at what is known as Schock's Mills. Here he engaged in farming and also conducted a gristmill. His death occurred in 1820. By his first wife, Anna Grove, he had four children: Jacob, Henry, Abraham and Anna, the wife of Thomas Bradley, all of these now deceased. His second union was with Anna Treich- ler, of York county, Pa., and the two children of this marriage, John and Fanny, died young. Henry Schock was born in 1793, in East Donegal township, and was a successful farmer, beginning his agricultural life, on his own account, on a farm of sixty-five acres, in East Donegal township; as time passed, he added to the same, until he owned 115 acres, which has since been sold to different parties. Two gristmills stood on his original place, and he had them operated for him and cultivated his land, and thus by thrift and energy accumu- lated a comfortable competence. Henry Schock was united in marriage to Anna Greider, of Conoy township, who was born in 1800, and died in 1841. His death occurred in 1836, and both are buried in a private burying ground in East Donegal township, located on a farm adjoining their own, which was formerly owned by Mr. Schock's grandmother Grove. Mr. and Mrs. Schock did not belong to any church but leaned toward the German Baptist faith. Their family consisted of seven children : Abraham, who died in Lancaster county; Henry, who died in Lancaster county ; John of this biography ; Jacob, who died in Lancaster county; Anna, the widow of Sylvester Crout, of East Donegal township ; Martha, who mar- ried B. F. Hiestand, of this township, president of the Marietta Casting Company ; and Mary, who died in infancy. John Schock was reared on the old homestead in East Donegal township, where he remained until he was sixteen years old, and had obtained his edu- cation in the neighboring public schools. For the six years following he was engaged as clerk in a store in Marietta, in which town he also engaged in the lumber business for seven years ; during the next seven years he carried on milling, on the old homestead, in partnership with his brother Abra- ham. In 1861, he came to Mt. Joy, where he has BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 627 since resided, and took up the business of his father- in-law, John Patterson, deahng in coal, lumber, flour and grain, and later adding the oil business. Until 1895 he continued in these lines, but since then he has lived retired, his son Clarence now conducting the business. Mr. Schock's career has been one of successful activity in the mercantile world, and he has never given much time to public affairs, although he has served two terms as school director, in Mt. Joy bor- ough, with satisfaction to all concerned. His record as a business man is one of which he may well be proud, for besides acquiring a substantial compe- tence in his active years, he gained and maintained the highest reputation for integrity and probity, as well as thrifty management. His political support is given to the Republican party. On Feb. 10, 1852, Mr. Schock was married to Miss Mary Ann Patterson, and four children have blessed this union : Percy P., editor of the Marietta ' , Register, of Marietta, who married Sue B. Linde- muth, and has four children. Marguerite, John P., Lewis L., and Mary ; Harry C, a prominent citizen of Mt. Joy, where he is connected with various im- portant enterprises, being president of the Mt. Joy Malting Company, president of the Union National Bank, and a member of the Council for three years, who married Fredrica C. Frank, and has four chil- dren, Mary B., P. Frank, Caroline F., and Arthur P. ; Clarence, who still resides with his parents and carries on his father's business ; and John L., whose death . occurred in 1885, after a brilliant career through the United States Naval Academy, from which he graduated at the head of his class, of 120 members, taking all the honors. He entered the Academy in 1877 and was graduated in 1881, fol- lowing which came his appointment as naval con- structor, with the rank of first lieutenant. Mrs. Schock comes of an old and distinguished family of Lancaster county, and was born in Rapho township, a daughter of John and Barbara Anna { Coffman) Patterson, the former of whom was, in his day, a prominent and well-to-do merchant. ALEXANDER PATTERSON, deceased. Many of the beautiful homes of Lancaster county have been bereft of those who for many years were not only esteemed and revered as- heads of house- holds but possessed the respect of the community in which their lives had been spent. Such in marked degree was the case of Alexander Patterson, who passed out of life Oct. 28, 1887, at the age of sixty- nine years. While sorrow fell upon the neighbor- hood, it most deeply touched the devoted wife. Alexander Patterson was born at Big Chickies, Pa., in 1818, a son of Arthur and Catherine (Ober- lin) Patterson, whose family consisted of : William, who married Elizabeth Wisler; Jane, who married Peter Lindemuth ; Atexander and Elizabeth, twins, the former of -whom Tnarried Elizabeth HoUinger, arid the latter marned Rev. John Arthur, of the M, E. Church ; Douglas, who died single ; and Arthur, who became a physician and married Emily A. Hooper. The pioneer of this family in America was Arthur Patterson, who came from Ireland, in 1724, and settled on Chiquesalunga creek, in this county, married Ann Scott, who was a daughter of Abraham Scott, of Ireland, and became the father of Samuel Scott Patterson, who was also the father of a son Samuel, of this county. Alexander Patterson was reared on the farm and in his youth attended the best schools of the dis- trict. At the death of his father he went into the business of drover, one which at that day was most necessary and remunerative. As he was very suc- cessful, he continued on the road until about one year after his marriage, but in January, 185 1, he moved to Mt. Joy borough where he resided for the rest of his life. For some time previous to his death, he did little more than trucking in a small way. For many j'ears he filled the position of school director, as he always took a deep interest -in educational mat- ters. His political affiliations were with the Repub- lican party, and in every way he fulfilled the duties of a good citizen. Alexander Patterson was married Jan. 7, 1850, in Philadelphia, to Elizabeth Hollinger, who was born in Elizabeth township in 1828, a daughter of Jacob and Barbara (Zortman) Hollinger, of Eliz- abeth township, this county. The former died at the old home where they lived in Mt. Joy township, at the age of sixty-five, the widow surviving until 1885, when she passed away at the age of eighty- one at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Elizabeth Patterson, and was buried in the beautiful cemetery of Mt. Joy. Both parents were consistent members of the Lutheran Church. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Hollinger were : Elizabeth, the widow of Al- exander Patterson ; Jacob, a farmer, near Paris, 111. ; Eli, who died on the old farm in 1880 ; and Mary A., the wife of Frederick A. Ricker. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Patterson were Adam and Barbara Hollinger, the former of whom was a farm- ■ er of Lancaster county. Adam was the son of Jacob Hollinger, -who came to this country in 1736, and later took part in the Revolutionary war. The ma- ternal grandparents, Alexander and Catherine Zort- man, came to this country from Germany. Mrs. Patterson has passed through some very sad experiences. It has been her lot to smooth the brow and calm the dying hours of her beloved hus- band, her mother, her brother Eli and his two chil- dren, and also of Douglas Patterson, her brother-in- law, and to see them pass out of her home, never to return. Mrs. Patterson is a consistent member of the Presbyterian Church, where she gives liberally to advance every benevolent enterprise. GEORGE O. ROLAND. It is only within the last few years that the people generally have come to realize how very closely the general prosperity jof the country is connected with the careful manage- 628 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ment of the banking institutions of the land, and with this knowledge has come a demand for men of ability to stand at the head of the banks of the pres- ent dav. New Holland has been and is at the pres- ent time peculiarly happy in the character of the men to whom its financial interests are committed, and among them we find our subject. George O. Roland, the able and genial assistant cashier of the local bank, was born in Earl town- ship, Sept. 13, 1850, is a son of Hon. Jonathan H. and Elizabeth G. (James) Roland, and a grandson of Henry and Margaret (Seeger) Roland. The grandfather was a native of Earl township, and in his time a very successful farmer. His wife was born in New Holland. Hon. Jonathan H. Roland was a native of Earl township, a successful farmer, and a broad-minded gentleman of the old school, being so well informed on men and affairs, that he was often consulted by his neighbors on various intricate and complicated questions. His integrity was unquestioned, and his loyalty to his convictions supreme. In 1857 he was a member of the State Legislature, and his name is associated with several noted bills that passed that body in his term. Elizabeth G. James, his wife, was a native of Honeybrook, Chester Co., Pa., and died Feb. 19, 1869. Her remains are resting in the New Holland cemetery. The Hon. Jonathan Ro- land, who was born in June, 1812, passed away Dec. 18, 1864, at the age of fifty-three. Both husband and wife were members of the Lutheran Church. Of their children Henry died at the age of twenty- eight ; John is a cattle dealer in New Holland ; Anna M. is the wife of E. C. Diller, of New Holland ; Mary married Theodore A. Kinzer, of Lancaster, Pa. ; Elizabeth J. resides in New Holland ; George O. ; William S. was killed in a railroad accident, was superintendent of a surveying corps, and was a man of more than ordinary ability and prominence. The first four years of the life of George O. Roland were passed on a farm, and he was then brought to New Holland, where he acquired his literary education in the public schools. At the age of eighteen, he took a place as a clerk in a drug store, which he held for three years. He was then var- iously employed until he was twenty-six years of age, when he and E. C. Diller engaged in the dry goods business, which they conducted successfully for some years. During this period Mr. Roland had secured a practical business training and had made a thorough study of finance. In 1882 he saw the first opening to gratify his tastes, and he accepted a position in the Bank of New Holland, soon rising to. his present responsible position of assistant cash- ier. With his personal afifairs well in hand, Mr. Rol- and has yet found time to devote to public affairs, taking an active part in politics and holding strong- ly to the principles of the Republican party. Mr. Roland has held the office of school director in- the borough, but cannot be said to be an office-seeker. Mr. Roland was- united in marriage in December, 1877, with Miss Katie B. Hull, a native of Lititz, and a daughter of Dr. Levi and Catherine (Kauff- man) Hull, both deceased. This happy home has been brightened by the birth of two children : Seeger, now a clerk in the railway mail service ; and Ralph, who is connected with the Pennsylvania Railroad Company at Philadelphia. Mr. Roland is promin- ently identified with the Masonic fraternity, and belongs to the Philadelphia Consistory; he is also a member of the Knights of the Golden Eagle. GIDEON W. ARNOLD, who was the pioneer in the establishment of the cotton mill industry in Lancaster county, came of old Rhode. Island stock. Charles Arnold, his father, was born in West Greenwich, R. I., and died at the early age of forty-four years. He married Eunice B. Waite, who was born in 1804, and who was a daughter of Gideon and Martha Waite, and through this con- nection Gideon W. Arnold was a first cousin of Morrison R. Waite, a Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, and a nephew of Gen. Charles G. James, who was a representative in Congress from Rhode Island for sixteen years. Five children were born of the union of Charles- and Eunice B. (Waite) Arnold, and of these only one survives, Ira W. Arnold, now living at Woon- socket, R. I. Those who have passed away were Gideon W., John A., Nathaniel P. and Anna E. Mrs. Eunice B. Arnold died Jan. 11, 1902, aged ninety-seven years and nine months. She was a remarkably well-preserved old lady, and often dis- cussed the days of the war of 1812, the historic gale of 1815, and the Mexican war. During the progress of the latter, her home was in Moosup^ Conn., and she often spoke of the excitement then being less than during the war of 1812. She was present at the celebration of the fiftieth wedding anniversary of her son, Ira W. Arnold, on Jan. 14, 1894. Gideon W. Arnold, son of Charles, was born in West Greenwich, R. I., but in his early manhood removed to Lancaster, Pa., where as previously stated, he was the pioneer, with his uncle, Charles G. James, of Khode Island, in establishing the cot- ton mill industry, an industry that grew to immense- proportions under the firm name of F. Schroeder & Co.,' of which Mr. Arnold was the "Co." Mr. Arnold's name will be held in cherished memory by thousands of people in the county, as thousands- were benefited by the remunerative employment he gave during a long and busy career. Quiet and unassuming in manner, Mr. Arnold was possessed' of far more than ordinary intelligence, and he was a past master in the business of manufacturing cot- ton goods. His was a successful career, and . yet, in all his successes he was ever mindful of the in- terests, of those who so largely contributed to those- successes — ^his employes ; and these, we know, hold him in grateful memory. He had the interests of" GIDEON W. ARNOLD BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 629 all his people at heart, and no one, rich or poor, ever approached him in the proper spirit without receiving a kindly smile and a word of encourage- ment. Mr. Arnold was married, on Dec. i6, 1850, to Miss Margaret, daughter of the late Jacob Gable, and the ancestors on this side lived for generations in Lancaster. Five children were born of this union: Ada Eunice, wife of Pressley E. Cham- bers, a prominent clothing manufacturer of Phila- delphia; Charles Jacob, who died in early child=- hood; Walter J., who entered into rest May 27, 1902 ; and Frank W.. and Ira W., of Lancaster. Mrs. Arnold, the widow of Gideon W., lives in the fine and commodious home which her husband erected thirty-seven years ago, at the corner of South Queen and German streets — a home that bears ample testimony to the liberality and enter- prise of one of the best citizens Lancaster has ever known — Gideon Waite Arnold. SAMUEL E. GROSH, a prominent carriage manufacturer of Lititz, Pa., was born in that place Oct. 10, 1833, and is descended from one of the old and highly respected families of Lancaster county. His paternal great grandfather, Valentine Grosch (as the name was originally spelled), emi- grated from Germany to this country and took up his residence in Lancaster county. Pa. The grandfath- er, Peter Grosch, a farmer of what is now Mechan- icsville, married Catherine Conrad, and they became the parents of eight children, as follows : Joseph, a farmer of Ohio ; Charles, father of Samuel E. ; Tim- othy, a butcher ; Abraham, a cabinet-maker ; John, a shoe-maker; Andrew, a teamster; Elizabeth, and Sophia. Charles Grosh was born and reared in Manheim township, 'Lancaster county, and in early life learned the blacksmith's trade at Kissel Hill. On his re- moval to Lititz, he erected a shop at that place and engaged in business there until called to his final rest at the age of eighty years. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Susan Shober, died at the same age. They were both connected with the Moravian Church. Of their fourteen children eight grew to years of maturity, namely : Maria, wife of Elias Buch, of Lititz, who died in March, iQoo; Sarah, deceased, the wife of James Wolle, of Bethlehem, Pa. ; Caroline, the widow of Francis Lawall, resid- ing at Bethlehem, Pa. : Samuel E. ; Henry Harrison, a veteran of the Civil war, who was a coachmaker and partner of Samuel E. from 1857 until his death in 1892 ; Herman, a confectioner of Bethlehem, Pa. ; Augustus, a blacksmith by trade, and a soldier of the Civil war, is now deceased ; and Agnes, who died in 1897. Samuel E. Grosh was reared in Lititz and edu- cated in a private school conducted by John Beck. During his vacations he worked on a farm and at the age of sixteen commenced learning the black- smith's trade with his father. After mastering that occupation he learned the trade of coachmaking at Allentown, Pa., and then worked as a journeyman two years. Forming a partnership with his brother in 1857, they erected a shop in Lititz, and engaged in the manufacture of coaches, carriages, etc., for many years, doing a large and profitable business which is still carried on by Samuel E., who has given his entire time and attention to this work. The plant was enlarged in 1884 by the erection of a large frame building used as salesrooms and fin- ishing department. The company keep on hand a good supply of finished work, and the vehicles turned out by them are among the best in the market. Mr. Grosh is a Republican in his political views, is an intelligent and progressive man, and has efficiently served as a member of the school board of Lititz for eighteen years. On Feb. 4, 1858, Mr. Grosh married Miss Aman- da C, Kramer, who was born on Pine Hill, Lancaster county, in 1832, a daughter of William Kramer, and of this union seven children were born, namely:- Horace E. and Charles William, both mentioned more fully below ; Lawrence K. ; Bertha, wife of Walter Souders, of Lititz; Ruth, at home; and two deceased. The family are members of the Moravian Church, of which Mr. Grosh has been a member of the board of trustees for eighteen years. Horace E. Grosh, the oldest son of Samuel E., was born Jan. 17, 1859, and was educated in the public schools and the Lititz Academy. At the age of fifteen years he entered the mercantile establish- ment of H. PI. I'schudy, in whose employ he re- mained a short time, and then spent four years with his father, learning the blacksmith's trade. In the fall of 1881, he went to New Haven, Conn., where he followed the latter occupation for two years, and from there went to Charleston, S. C, and Savannah, Ga., returning to Pennsylvania overland through Virginia. From 1883 to 1884 he was a traveling salesman for the firm of B. F. Johnston & Co.; book ]uiblishers. In the fall of 1884 he was elected su- perintendent of correspondence of the publishing concern and turned his attention to the discharge of its duties The following spring he was' made a member of the firm of B. F. Johnston & Co., with which he was connected until 1889, when he re- tired from the book business. He has since followed mechanical pursuits, organized the Richmond Brass & Machine Works, at Richmond, Va., and became the secretary and treasurer. His next venture was with the Burton Electric Company in the manufac- ture of Burton electric heaters for street cars, but in the fall of 1895 he returned to Lititz, where he now resides, and in, 1896 was made keeper of the Lititz Springs grounds, which position he now holds. 1885 he married Miss Lizzie Huber, a daughter of John Huber, living near Lititz, and four children were born to them, all of whom are living, viz ; Mary Esther, Francis Edmund, Robert Samuel and Anna Elizabeth. Charles William Grosh, the second son of Sam- 680 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY uel E., was born Aug. ii, i860, and also attended the public schools arid Lititz Academy. At the age of fifteen he commenced clerking in the mercantile establishment of H. H. Tschudy, and was in his em- ploy two years, after which he learned the trade of body making in the carriage establishment of his father and uncle. He subsequently spent almost two years in William Lee's body establishment at Easton, Pa.,' and then went to Omaha, Nebr., where he was employed by A. J. Simpson, a carriage man- ufacturer, for five years and by other concerns for two years. He has traveled extensively over the country from the Atlantic to the Pacific and as far south as Mexico. Returning to Lititz in 1891, he took a position in his father s manufactory, and in 1899 became a member of the firm, which is known as S. E. Grosh & Co. He is not only an experienced body maker, but a painter and finisher as well, and now has charge of the woodwork and finishing de- partments of the factory. He was married, Nov. 8, 1893, to Miss May Siegfried, of Easton, Pa., daugh- ter of Neander and Emma Siegfried, and they have three children living, Emma, Mary and Alice; one died in infancy, Charles W., Jr. Like the other members of the Grosh family they are connected with the Moravian Church and take a prominent part in its work. For a number of years Charles W. Grosh has taken an active interest in Y. M. C. A. work, was the first president of the organization in Lititz, and is now serving as recording secretary. He is also secretary and and treasurer of the Lititz Springs Association. He is a Republican in poli- tics. Lawrence K. was born Sept. 13, 1862, and on Nov. 22, T893, married Catherine Brandt, of Li- titz. They have two children. Earl B. and James Theodore. He worked in Lititz both as a black- smith and a cigar-maker, but since 1900 has been engaged in the insurance business, with his office in the postoffice building. Main Street, Lititz. HENRY NEFF KEHLER has for four-fifths of a century resided in his present home at Locust Grove, in West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, having been born there April 17, 1821. The family is of Swiss descent, the paternal grandparents, Joshua and Maria Kehler, having emigrated from Switzerland in early life. The fa- ther of Henry Neff Kehler, who was also named Joshua, was born at Strasburg, this county, but took up his residence at Locust Grove in 1814. There he successfully cultivated a farm, devoting especial at- tention to the raising of cattle, and at the same time conducted the "Locust Grove Jnn." Joshua Kehler married Anna Neff, daughter of Henry and Anna (Oberholser) Neff, of West Hempfield, and grand- daughter of Daniel Neff, who was descended from Francis Neft, the earliest American progenitor of the family, who emigrated from Switzerland in 1717, because of religious persecution, and settled in Ma- nor township, Lancaster county. Joshua Kehler was a Mennonite, his wife a member of the German Re- formed Church. He died in November, 1850, aged sixty-eight, she Jan. 19, 1874, in her eighty-sixth 3'ear. Henry N. was their only son, and they had five daughters, Maria, Ann, Elizabeth, Matilda and Sarah. Ann and Elizabeth both died unmarried. Maria is the wife of Samuel Caldwell, of Williams- port. Matilda has been twice married, her first hus- band being J. S. Clarkson, and her second James Marshall, of Allegheny City, Pa. Sarah became the wife of B. F. Spangler, of Columbia, and died in 1859- Henry Neff Kehler is a substantial and influ- ential citizen. His farm comprises 140 acres, and is one of the best in Lancaster county, as his house is also one of the handsomest. His title to this prop- erty may be traced back to William Penn, and he has, as a treasured heirloom, the original conveyance from that great apostle of the doctrines of George Fox. Mr. Kehler has been a director in the First National Bank of Columbia for thirty-five years, and is held in high esteem for his keen intelligence, sound judgment and business integrity. Prior to the outbreak of the Civil war, his political affiliation was with the Democratic party, but since that epoch he has been a Republican. He is a consistent mem- ber of the Presbyterian Church. On Feb. 23, 1871, m Luzerne county, Mr. Kehler married Miss Catherine Stewart Knox, and they had one child, Henry N., Jr., at present teller for the Columbia Trust Company. Mrs. Kehler was born at Jersey Shore, Lycom- ing county. Pa. The first American progenitor of her father's family was her great-grandfather, John Knox, who came to this country in 1785 from Bally- money, County Antrim, Ireland, and located near Taneytown, Md. He had married Jane Robinson, who came to America in 1785, with her family of several children. At that time John, the grand- father of Mrs. Kehler, was but twelve years of age. He married Catharine Stewart, daughter of Charles and Elizabeth (Hunter) Stewart, the latter a daugh- ter of Capt. Samuel and Catherine (Chambers) Hunter. , John Hunter Knox, Mrs. Kehler's father, was a man of superior education, having graduated from both Milton Academy and Dickinson College. He was by profession a civil engineer, but also dealt extensively in lumber. He was a Republican, and prominent in politics, though he never craved office and persistently declined all offers to place him in nomination ; however, he consented for a time to serve as justice of the peace. He held a captain's commission in Co. D, nth Pa. Regiment, command- ed by Col. Coulter, but his untimely death, on Feb. 28, 1862, at the age of forty-seven, cut short a ca- reer which bade fair to be as distinguished as it was useful. Few men in his county were more gener- ally popular or more sincerely mourned. He mar-: ried Ann E. Moran, who survived him until March 28, 1885, when she too passed away at Hazleton, in her sixty-ninth year. Mr. Knox was a member BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 631 of the Methodist Church, his wife of the Presbyter- ian. Mrs. Kehler was their first-born child and only daughter. She has three brothers, all of whom are married : John M., a wholesale grocer of Hazle- ton; Rolfert S., a farmer of Manor township, this coimty ; and James R., a machinist of Richmond, Virginia. On her mother's side, Mrs. Kehler is a great- granddaughter of Patrick and Arie (Ruggles) Mo- ran, of Annapolis, Md., and a granddaughter of John and Mary (Penny) Moran, the former of whom died in early life. The latter was a daughter of William and Jane (McGowan) Penny, Scottish peo- ple of Drumore township, Lancaster county. ; JACOB HERSHEY HERSHEY. From both paternal and maternal lines of ancestry this vener- able and cultured resident of West Hempfield town- ship, Lancaster county, inherits the name of one of the old families of the couiity. He is the son of Abraham and Nancy (Hershey) Hershey, and on the paternal side the grandson of Christian and Elizabeth (Deal) Hershey and the great grandson of (Christian Hershey, a pioneer settler and farmer of Warwick, now Penn, township, who in partner- ship with John Brubaker purchased a tract of i,ooo acres of land, upon a portion of which the village of Petersburg now stands, "the land being divided between the two men. Christian, the grandfather, was a farmer of East Hempfield township, where he lived to a good old age. Abraham Hershey, the father of Jacob H., was born in East Hempfield township, Feb. 4, 1790, and was reared on the old homestead, but in 1817 moved to Rapho township. He married Nancy Hershey, who was born in Warwick township, Feb. 12, 1798, daughter of Christian and Anna (Fox) Hershey, and the granddaughter of Jacob Hershey, of War- wick, now Penn, township. Her father was a miller by occupation and he built the first structure at what is now known as Cassell's Mills. Nancy was a de- vout member of the Old Mennonite Church and Abraham, while not holding membership in any re- ligious society, exemplified in his life the virtues and principles of Christianity. He was supervisor of what is now Columbia, East Hempfield and West Hempfield townships, and was prominent in local affairs. In 1840 he retired from the farm to the village in Sporting Hill, in Rapho township, where he continued to live until his death, which occurred Feb. 24, 1869, at the age of seventy-nine years. His wife died May 28, 1875, aged seventy-seven years. A family of ten children was born to Abraham and Nancy Hershey, namely: Christian, born Sept. 5, 1814, died in November, 1879; Isaac H., born March 25, 1816, died May 18, 1854; Jacob H., born Oct. 4, 1817; John H., born Jan. 15, 1820, died Feb. 17, 1890; Daniel H., born March 11, 1822, died June 30, 1872; Abraham H., born April 3, 1824, died Jan. 24, 1896; Harriet H,, born March 11, 1826, married to Henry N. Brubaker, of Freeport, 111. ; Anna H., born Oct. 4, 182R, died Feb. r, 1862; Sol- omon H., born April 19, 1831, who lived retired at Buffalo, N. Y., and died in September, 1900 ; Tobias H., born Oct. 2. 1833, a hotel proprietor at Colum- bia, Pennsylvania. The third child, Jacob H., was reared on his fa- ther's farm in Rapho township and received the education which the common schools afforded early in the past century. At the age of eighteen years he began an apprenticeship to the saddlery trade, which he completed, continuing to work at his trade in Lancaster county until 1838, when he moved to eastern Ohio and was there employed at his trade for two years. Then returning to Pennsylvania, he continued the same vocation for two years more, devoting in all seven years to it. He then began his life work on the farm. His marriage to Miss Susan L. Long occurred Nov. 14, 1841, in Lancaster. She was born in East Hempfield township, Aug. 21, 1821, daughter of Abraham and Anne (Kauffman) Long, and the granddaughter of Christian and Anna (Miller) Kauffman. Abraham Long was, a farmer and to ■ himself and his wife were born the following chil- dren: Abraham, deceased; Christian, deceased; Maria, who died young ; Anna, deceased ; John, de- ceased ; Susan L. ; Anna, who married Samuel Niss- ley and is now deceased; Benjamin, of Lancaster; Fanny, now Mrs. Landis, a widow in Landisville; Solomon, deceased ; and Maria, who married Abra- ham Perry, of Lancaster. Seven children were born to Jacob H. and Susan (Long) Hershey, namely: Amelia, who married Rev. Levy H. Shenk, a Re- formed Mennonite minister, and is now deceased; Washington, of Marietta, Pa. ; Abraham, justice of the peace in West Hempfield township ; Webster, a farmer of East Hempfield township ; Benjamin, who lives with his father on the farm ; Horace and Frank- lin, both deceased. Soon after his marriage Jacob H. Hershey began the active life of a farmer in West Hempfield town- ship and soon became one of its most prominent cit- izens. He served as school director for three years and for thirty-five years was president of the Penn Mutual Insurance Company. In politics he is a Re- publican and his first presidential vote was cast for General Harrison. While years ago surrendering the active burden of farm life, Jacob Hershey still supervises the work on his broad acres ; though over eighty-five vears of age he retains the vigor and bright mentality of a younger generation, his facul- ties being unimpaired by the weight of years. He has always been a student and affords a splendid example of the truth that men of active minds have the greater promise of longevity and a serene old age. Forty years ago he was a school director and was so advanced in his ideas and so much ahead of his time that he introduced short-hand writing into the schools. He was also the first man to start un- derdraining wet land. He was also one of the or- ganizers of an Agricultural and Horticultural So- 632 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ciety, the only one of its founders still living. For thirty-five years he was the president of the Penn Township Fire Insurance Company and is at pres- ent connected with a Fire and Storm Insurance Company. He has been deeply interested in the genealogy and the early struggles of the pioneer families of Lancaster county and there has perhaps been no better local authority on matters of history than he. His investigation along many lines of re- search has been thorough and satisfying, so that his conversation gleams with the ripe and trenchant wisdom of well-spent years, and his fame as an orig- inal and sound thinker has gone beyond the immedi- ate circle of his friends and acquaintances. In brief, Jacob H. Hershey is of that stanch, sturdy type of enlightened humanity which blesses and honors the community where its influence exists. ELWOOD SHOLLENBERGER SNYDER, M. D., wtiose elegant home and cozy offices are located at No. 425 North Queen street, Lancaster, is one of the most prominent and eminently success- ful physicians and surgeons of that city. Grandfather Peter Snyder was a prominent con- tracting carpenter and builder ' in Hamburg, Pa. Henry Snyder, his son, and the father of Dr. Sny- der, married Miss Catherine Shollenberger, daugh- ter of Thomas and Susan Shollenberger, the former of whom was a merchant tailor of Berks county. Five children were born to Henry Snyder and his wife : Walter, Ettie, Susan, Bertie L. and Dr. El- wood S. Elwood Shollenberger Snyder was born in Len- hartsville, Berks Co., Pa. He entered Hahnemann Medical College, Philadelphia, from which he was graduated in May, 1896, coming to Lancaster and locating here in July of the same year. Purchasing the home of the lat^ David Evans, county superin- tendent of public schools. Dr. Snyder at once pro- ceeded to remodel and enlarge the building, putting in a yellow pressed brick front and erecting an ele- gant entrance to his offices, on the south of the building — creating' one of the handsomest private residences in that part of the city. The offices are connected with both telephones, and no physician or surgeon in Lancaster is better equipped with in- struments and apparatus for the successful pursuit of his noble profession. Professionally he belongs to the American Institute of Homeopathy, the Homeopathic State Medical Society of Pennsyl- vania, and the Goodno Medical Society (which is composed of Homeopathic physicians of the coun- ties of York, Dauphin and Lancaster). Dr. Snyder is a man of prominence in many lines, and seems equally at home in both business and professional life. His public-spirited attitude and his liberal ideas have made him a valued stock- holder and director in the Union Trust Company. He represents the "Co." in the E. N. Johnson & Co. planing-mill business, one of the leading indus- tries in that line in the State. The Doctor is gifted by nature with a capacity for intense and concen- trated application, and he has always been found with the ability to meet the demands of any situ- ation. Dr. Snyder has never ceased being a student, and he has continually advanced in his profession along with the progress made in his beloved science and has kept pace with its wonderful discoveries. In him is found that rare combination of keen busi- ness sagacity with open-hearted, open-handed gen- erosity which is seldom discovered, while his ur- banity and pleasant and genial personality render him a real physician, a popular comrade and a most agreeable and trusted friend. Being the personi- fication of energy and industry, he has made rapid strides both in business and in professional life, and has out-distanced many of his older competitors. His private life is an exemplary one and his home a center of refined social life. Yet in the prime of life, having accomplished so much, his friends are inclined to believe that more laurels await him in the future. MARTIN D. SHEAFFER was in his day a prosperous agriculturist of Upper Leacock town- ship, and though he passed away when comparative- ly a young man, he had made his way to a place in the front rank in his community. Mr. Sheaffer was born in 1842, a son of Isaiah and Joanna (Diller) Sheaffer, farming people of Upper Leacock township, this county. Their family consisted of the following named children : Rachel, "Mrs. Samuel Myers, deceased; Diller, who died young : Martin D. ; John, a resident of Lampeter township, this county ; Isaac, living in Kansas ; Mary, Mrs. Isaac Kochel, deceased ; Cyrus, of Bareville, Lancaster county ; Adam, deceased ; and Joanna, Mrs. John Good, of Bareville. In i860 Martin D. Sheafifer was united in mar- riage with Miss Sarah Ann Sheibly, who was born Feb. t6, t'836, and of whose family more extended mention is given below. To this union were born three children : Susanna, who died when seven months old ; Alice, now the wife of John J. High, a farmer of East Earl township ; and Diller "S., who is mentioned farther on. Mr. Sheafifer followed farm- ing successfully up to the time of his death, which occurred in Upper Leacock township, Dec. 18, 1882, when he was forty years old. His remains rest in the GrolTdale cemetery. He was a devout member of the ATennonite Church, with which his widow also unites. She now makes her home in Leacock town- ship. DiLLEK S. Sheaffer was born May 9, 1871, in Earl township, was reared in Upper Leacock town- ship, receiving his education in the public schools there. He remained with his mother until 1886, spent the next five years at the home of his sister, and afterward resided on the fine farm in Leacock town- ship, where he carried on general agricultural pur- suits and stock raising. Mr. Sheaffer inherited the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 633 thrifty traits of his ancestors, as the results of his work showed. In political faith he was a Repub- lican, but was not particularly active in public affairs. In Sept., 1893, in Lancaster, Mr. Sheaffer married Miss Emma Burkholder, a native of West Earl township, and daughter of Isaac and Maria (Rupp) Burkholder. Her father was engaged in farming in West Earl township until his death, in 1881, and the mother still resides there. Two children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Sheaffer, James B. and Carl I., the latter deceased. Mr. Sheaffer's death Nov. 14, 1901, at the age of thirty years, five months and twenty-five days, was most untimely and cut short a very promising career. The Sheibly family, to which Mrs. Sarah A. Sheaffer belongs, has long been prominent in this county. Henry Sheibly, her grandfather, came to America with his parents when but seven years of age, and passed the remainder of his life in Lan- caster county. A man of great industry, he accumu- lated considerable property, and cultivated his lands, on which he made improvements which still remain to testify to his excellent judgment. In 1797 he built the stone residence still occupied by his grandson, Mrs. Sheaffer's brother, and in 1800 he erected a large barn which is still in use, and, like the dwelling, in a good state of preservation. In 1817 he built a large brick house on the farm, which is now occupied by his great-grandson. He passed away in 1817, at the age of seventy-two. Henry Sheibly first mar- ried a Miss Wenger, who died in 1794, and his sec- ond wife, Elizabeth (Miller), was the grandmother of Mrs. Sheaffer. She died m 1840, at the age of seventy-four. Henry and Susanna (Groff) Sheibly, Mrs. Sheaffer's parents, were both natives of Lancaster county, the former born April 11, 1797, at Groff- dale, the latter on June ir, 1802, in West Earl town-, ship. They were married March 12, 1822, and chil- dren as follows blessed this union : Anna, who died young; Abram G., of Upper Leacock township; Elmira, Henry and Martin, who all died' young : Maria, who married John B. Landis ; Susannah, late wife of Isaac Reif ; Sarah Ann, who is the widow of Martin D. Sheaffer ; Caroline, widow of Isaac Shaef- fer, of West Earl township; and Adam, who died young. The mother of these died in April, 1877, after a long life of usefulness, filled with kindly ac- tions and neighborly deeds. Mr. Sheibly survived until Jan., 188.S, passing away at the home of his daughter Caroline, in Farmersville. He was buried from his old home, and laid to rest in the family burving ground. For many years he was one of the prominent farmers of his town, active in local pub- lic affairs and in the work of the Reformed Church, in which he served as elder. He retired. in 1859. . GEORGE W. HACKENBERGER, a druggist and retired teacher in Bainbridge, Lancaster county, was born in that borough Dec. 9, 1835, son of Sam- uel and Mary (Custer) Hackenberger. Samuel Hackenberger was born in Conoy town- ship, and his wife in East Donegal township; both died in Bainbridge, to which point they removed shortly after their marriage. They lived in Bain- bridge the greater part of their lives, with the ex- ception of six years spent ■ at Maytown, and two years at Rowenna. Mr. Hackenberger began life as a farmer, and then became a manufacturer of cigars in Maytown. In 1847 he moved back to Bainbridge, and three years later entered the drug business, in which he continued until his death which occurred in 1887, when he was aged seventy-nine years. Mrs. Mary Hackenberger died in 1881, at the age of sev- enty-one years. They were members of the Luth- eran Church. He was a Democrat except during the war period, when he voted the Republican ticket. Of their children, John died at the age of fifty-four years ; George W. is mentioned below ; Mary A., who died in 1899, was twice married, first to John Groff, later to Philip Shaffer; Lavina became the wife of Lieut. Mullin, of Topeka, Kan. ; Samuel, Jacob, Elizabeth and Catherine died young; Sam- uel (2) is a life insurance agent of Philadelphia. The paternal grandparents of George W. Hack- enberger were George and Mary (HoUinger) Hack- enberger, the grandfather born in Germany, and the grandmother in Lancaster county. They settled in that cotmty, where they were farming people. When a very young man he took part in the Revolutionary war. The maternal grandparents of George W. Hackenberger were George and Elizabeth Custer, who came froin Germany and settled in East Donegal township at an early day, engaging in farming. He died while still a young man, but his wife lived to be seventy-five years old. George W. Hackenberger was married, in Eliz- abethtown, in September, 1861, to Miss Mary A. Pence, and to this union came the following chil- dren : Walter, who died young ; Iva N., who mar- ried N. R. Hoffman, lives with her father, and is a drug clerk; Lewis S., a coach builder and painter in Lancaster, married to Amanda Manning ; George W., manager of two drug stores in New York City ; Harry F., chief clerk in a drug house in New York City, who was with Gen. Miles in the Porto Rican campaign, as telegraph operator, 9th N. Y. Signal Corps. Mrs. Mary A. Hackenberger was born in Conoy township in 1842, daughter of William and Hettie (Snyder) Pence. Her father was born in Maytown, and her mother in Conoy township, and they were farming people all their lives. George W. Hackenberger spent the first eight years of his life in Bainbridge and Maytown, going to school, and then began stripping tobacco and mak- ing cigars for four vears at or near Rowenna. Then coming back to Bainbridge, he continued in the same work till he was twenty-six years old. At that age he began teaching school. In 1873 he received a teacher's permanent certificate from the State Su- perintendent of Public Instruction, the late Hon. J. P. Wickersham. He followed this calling for 634 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY thirty-four sessions, thirty sessions in one and the same school. He retired from teaching in 1897, to take entire charge of his drug store, in which his daughter Iva had been clerk, while he was teaching in the school room. Mr. Hackenberger became a druggist in 1878 and is now (1902) still engaged in that business. He was elected twelve times as auditor of Conoy township, for three years each. He is a man of ability, highly respected in the com- munity, and holding to a marked degree the confi- dence of the general public. Mr. Hackenberger is a member of the G. A. R. and of the O. U. A. M. In politics he is a staunch Republican, and in relig- ious belief a devout member of the Lutheran Church. He is one of the solid and substantial men of his community, and well deserves a prominent place among the leadmg men of Conoy township, Lan- caster county. Mr. Hackenberger had a somewhat brief but valuable military experience, enlisting in Co. H, 195th P. V. I., in February, 1865 ; he was discharged in January, 1866. He was made clerk in a general court martial, Department of Washington, where he was on duty for six months. While on picket duty during the closing days of the war, he partici- pated in the picket line firing against the noted Col. Mosby's forces. His regiment was in the 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, Army of the Shenandoah, under Gen. Phil. H. Sheridan. JACOB HILDEBRAND. Among the well- known and respected citizens of Strasburg is Jacob Hildebrand, who has won the esteem and respect of the community through a long life, during which he has faithfully served his borough in a number of public capacities. Jacob Hildebrand was born Nov. 16, 1822, of German and French ancestry, a son of Jacob and Mary. (Heiney) Hildebrand, the former of whom passed the greater portion of his business life in Soudersburg and Paradise. In those days there were no free schools in the locality in which they lived, and as the parents were limited in means, young Jacob had few educational advantages, and was early thrown upon his own resources. The first attempt of the lad to make an honest living for himself was in 1832, when he engaged to drive a butcher wagon and deliver meat to the work- men building the Pennsylvania Railroad, between Ronk's Station and Leaman Place. Between the ages of thirteen and twenty years, the youth worked for Benjamin Herr, a farmer who lived about one mile east of Strasburg, laboring for his board and clothes, and it was through the kindness of Mr. Herr that he derived the little education which be- came his, as well as gaining the habits of study and investigation which proved useful in all his sub- sequent career. While living here he was permitted to attend the district school for several sessions, about four days out of each week, his benefactor paying the expense. At the age of twenty, Jacob entered the cabinet- making shop of Joel Rice, of Strasburg, remained in his employ for two years, and at the expiration of this apprenticeship, he started into business for himself, making furniture and working in carpen- try, until 1852. At this date he purchased from W. S.' Warren a stock of merchandise and entered into- this business, remaining in the mercantile line until 1855, when he sold his stock and again resumed his former trade, engaging extensively in building and contracting; in 1856 he was a member of the building committee in the erection of the town hall. In 1854, Jacob Hildebrand was elected by his fellow-citizens as chief burgess of the borough of Strasburg, and for thirty years held other borough offices, bi:t retired to private life at last, declining to serve longer. In i860 he was elected justice of the peace and immediately began to familiarize him- self with the higher duties of this office, applying himself assiduously to the studying of surveying, conveyancing, the drafting of wills, and other legal papers upon which he would have to pass judgment, and until 1898 he was continued in the office, so efficiently serving that iriany of the difficulties of the neighborhood were amicably settled accord- ing to his judgment, without litigation. In the spring of 1898, he declined a re-election, and his son, J. Ross, was elected in his place. During one year he also filled the office of a notary public. From 1863 to 1871, he owned and operated a job printing office in the borough, the purchase being made in order to keep this industry in town, circumstances being such that otherwise it would have been removed, and thus he rnade a permanent business which long flourished. In 1 87 1, Jacob Hildebrand was elected county surveyor, of Lancaster county, on the Republican ticket, and held the office for nearly four years ; dur- ing that time he prepared with great labor and Care- ful research connected drafts of the land originally granted by patent deeds in the townships of Stras- burg, Paradise, Bart, Eden, and the greater part of East and West Lampeter. Jacob Hildebrand. was married Nov. 16, 1847, to Eliza Spiehlman, who died in 1865, leaving ten chil- dren : Elizabeth and Mary, deceased ; William W., Millard F. ; Ella S., the widow of Samuel Dougher- ty; John R. : O. J., the wife of D. M. Aument; Laura K., the wife of Charles Kemerly; Sallie B., widow of J. W. Goodman ; and J. Ross. In Novem- ber, 1866, he married Elizabeth Kendig, the widow of John Pennell. Two of his sons are engaged in the leaf tobacco business, under the firm name of Hilde- brand Bros., of Strasburg. 'Squire Hildebrand, as he is familiarly known, is recognized as one of the most useful citizens of Strasburg; from a small beginning, with almost no educational advantages, but by patient industry and study, he has advanced to a position of honor and trust in the community, and has transacted a large amount of important business, acting very BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 635 frequently as administrator, assignee and executor, in the settling of many estates. Fraternally, Mr. Hildebrand is a member of Strasburg Lodge, No. 361, I. O. O. F., having been a member since 1849, has passed through all of the offices of the subordinate lodge, has been secretary of his own lodge for forty years and has served as representative to the Grand Lodge of Pennsyl- vania. Mr. Hildebrand is also a member of the Lancaster County Historical Society in which he is much valued, and is one of the official members of the M. E. Church, having served in the capacity of trustee since 1862. In his long business and public career, he has amassed a competency, but what is better, he has secured for himself a reputation as a high-miiided, honorable man. AMOS S. MOWRER, one of the old and most respected citizens of West Lampeter township, Lan- caster county. Pa., belongs to one of the oldest fam- ilies in that part of the State, settlement having been made here by his ancestors as early as 1700. Through change and accident many of the old records of the' pioneer families became mislaid, and beyond the fact that one of the early settlers of Lancaster county, coming here about the beginning of the eighteenth centurv, established the' Mowrer family in this region, we have no authentic infor- mation until the time of great-grandfather Balsser Mowrer, a well-known wheelwright, who industri- ously pursued his trade and accumulated property. His farm was in the locality now included in Eden township, but his remains, lie in the Strasburg cem- etery, near Providence, where the Reformed Church has a burial ground. His first wife was the mother of Adam, who was the grandfather of Amos S. Adam Mowrer was born, reared and spent his whole life in this county, where he followed agri- culture very successfully. He married the widow of John Shaffner, and from this union seven chil- dren were born : John, ■who became a successful farmer and engaged extensively in the lime business near Quarryville, living to be about ninety years old; Adam, who became a farmer of Providence township, where he died at the age of eighty ; Jacob, the father of Amos S. ; David, who became a farmer of Eden township, where he died at the age of eigh- ty-seven; Margaret, who married John Templeton; Mary, who married Elijah Keene, and lived to the age of eighty-five; and Julia, who married Henry Keene. The longevity of this family was most re- markable, almost all of them filling out more than the four-score of the Psalmist, and all of them reared families noted for vigor of body as well as strength of intellect. Jacob Mowrer, the father, was born in Strasburg ■township, July 9, 1803, and died July 4, 1892. After his marriage he settled in West Lampeter township where he engaged extensively in farming, operat- ing a farm of 100 acres, becoming well known as a man of estimable character, and 'prominent in public afifairs. For many years he was a staunch Whig, and when that party was merged into the Republican party, he found himself in harmony with the change. Jacob Mowrer was married to Mary Strohm, the daughter of Henry and Mary (Lefever) Strohm. Mrs. Mowrer was born in 1799, her life extending to 1891, when she passed away at the unusual age of ninety-one years and nineteen days. Both the father and mother belonged to the Old Mennonite Church. The following children sur- vived at the death of these worthy people. The brothers and sisters of Amos Mowrer, who was the eldest, were : Elizabeth, who resides in West Lam- peter township ; Martin, who is a miller in Dayton, Ohio, and has become well known through various inventions, one of these being the machine used in the maimfacture of corn grits ; Adam, a farmer of West Lampeter ; Isaac, a resident of Xenia, Ohio, a traveling salesman : and Mary, who is the widov/ of Abraham Eshleman, of Strasburg township. Amos S. Mowrer was born Feb. 15, 1828, in West Lampeter township, in the locality of Big Springs, and was reared on the farm, where, accord- ing to the custom of the day boys were expected to have many duties. Being the eldest in a large and growing family, his schooling was frequently inter- rupted, and although he was apt and studious, he was not able to accomplish as much as he desired, in later life, a steady course of general reading, and a naturally quick comprehension have enabled him to supply all deficiencies. Being a man of progress, he has identified himself with public affairs, and has given his influence toward religious and social ad- vancement, gaining the confidence of his fellow-citi- zens to such an extent that he has been called upon to serve in many of the local offices, including that of county commissioner. Formerly he was a Whig and later became a Re- publican, and has so efficiently served on the school board that he has been elected five terms, and was once appointed to fill a vacancy ; for fifteen years he has been the capable auditor of the West Lampeter township board ; he has also served as the auditor of the Penn Township Fire Insurance Company. In fact, Amos S. Mowrer is one of the citizens of his township who possesses the esteem of almost all within its borders,' who have unbounded confidence in his integrity. Amos S. Mowrer was married Jan. 10, 1857, to Annie Harnish, a daughter of Michael G. and Eliza- beth (Warful) Harnish, who was born Feb. 15, 1836, and died June it, 1881. To them were born eleven children : Mary Elizabeth, who died in child- hood ; Barbara, Serenus, and Harnish, all deceased ; Emma, who married B. Frank Gontner, of West Lampeter township ; Anna, who married David H. Huber, of his township : Jacob H., a resident and implement dealer of Lancaster City, married to Mary B. Kready ; Mary and Elizabeth, twins, the former at home, the latter, the wife of Jacob L. Hess, of West Lampeter township ; Ella, who married Jacob F. 636 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Charles of that township ; and Adda, who resides in Lancaster City. Since 1.896 Amos S. Mowrer has lived retired from active life, and with his daughters, Mary and Adda, makes his home in Lancaster City, at No. 547 West Walnut street. During her lifetime, his wife was one of the most devout of women, and a con- sistent member of the Reformed Mennonite Church, where she was valued and beloved for her many traits of Christian character. Mr. Mowrer is passing his advancing years among his old surroundings, be- loved by a great circle of friends, who remember how cheerfully and generously he has ever devoted time and means to the advancement of his family and neighborhood. MRS. MARTHx\ SHIREMAN. Among the well-known and most highly esteemed residents of East Donegal township, Lancaster county, was Mrs. Martha Shireman. The first marriage of Mrs. Shireman was with Christian Heisey, who was born in East Donegal township, and died upon his farm there, in 1846, at the age of forty-one ; he was buried in Reich's ceme- tery. His parents were Joseph and Elizabeth (Kaufifman). Heisey, well-known citizens of the township. The occupation of Mr. Heisey was farm- ing, in which he was very extensively engaged. To his marriage with Martha Zeigler were born: Eli, who died at the age of fifty- two, married to Anna Reicht ; Barbara, deceased ; Zeigler, deceased ; and Jacob B., born in East Donegal town- ship, on Nov. 3, 1853, who resides in Maytown, married Barbara Welchans, a daughter of William and Anna (Drebenstadt) Welchans, and had four children, William, Martha Z., deceased, Anna and Mary. The parents of Mrs. Jacob B. Heisey had these children : Clara ; Joseph, a car- penter in Harrisburg; Amra, who married Jefif. Shireman, of Maytown ; Samuel ; Barbara ; Anna, who married William Staum ; George ; and May, who married a Mr. Stewart, a cigar-maker of Lan- caster. The second marriage of Mrs. Shireman was to Dr. William J. Shireman, in Maytown, whose death occurred in October, 1894, at the age of sixty-five; he was a man of means and prominence, and a con- sistent member of the Reformed Church. For a number of years he successfully practiced dentistry in Maytown, and at his death, left many who felt deeply bereaved. Joseph W. Shireman, the brother of Dr. Will- iam J. .Shireman, was born in East Donegal town- ship, died in Maytown, March 15, 1900, at the age of seventy-four, and was buried in the burying ground of the Reformed Church. His parents were Freder- ick and Lydia (Welchans) Shireman, of East Done- gal and York counties, respectively ; shortly after their marriage they settled in Maytown, where the former carried on a business of cabinet-making. The children born to Frederick and Lydia Shireman were: Aaron, who died in 1894; Samuel, a farmer of Dauphin county; Jacob, who died at the age of fifty; Joseph W., deceased; Anna, who was Mrs. Michael Eazle, deceased; and Dr. William J., who died in 1894. Mrs. Shireman was born in East Donegal town- ship, Feb. 5, 1815, and died in September, 1902. She had had a long residence in the township, and was universally esteemed. She had been an interested witness of the growth and development of the coun- try and in spite of advancing years remained to the last one of the most active, intelligent and entertain- ing ladies of the vicinity. CALVIN COOPER, of Bird-in-Hand, East Lampeter township, Lancaster county, now in his seventieth year, was born there and still Uves within 150 yards of his birthplace, having bought a part of the original tract on which his father first located when he came to that vi- cinity in 1827. Mr. Cooper was the third child in the family of nine born to Mark P. and Sid- ney (Conard) Cooper; is a grandson of Calvin Cooper, who was a noted carpenter by trade, and one of the principal mechanics who erected the first bridge across the Susquehanna river at Columbia; and a g^reat-grandson of John Cooper, who was among the first settlers who came to this part of the country from Wales, and settled in the neighborhood of Christiana. The ancestors of Sidney (Conard) Cooper came from Germany; she was a daughter of Abraham Conard, who married Catharine Evans, March 24, 1796. Calvin Cooper is therefore a descendant of Everard Conard, whose parents were among the first settlers to locate in the vicinity of New Garden, Chester county, and among the offspring of one "Thomas Kunders," who emigrated from Germany through the influence of William Penn, and located, with others, who accompanied him, upon 500 acres of land in Germantown, Philadelphia, about the year 1683. Calvin Cooper,, whose name introduces this notice, received his education in the private schools then common, before the passage of the public school laws of the State, and also had one term of four months at a private boarding school at Jenners- ville, Chester county, and one term at a similar school of a higher grade in Wilmington, Del. After this his attention was directed to guiding the plow and to the methods th_n used for growing field crops. His farm consisted of about ninety acres, and he well remembers the arduous duties of a farmer's life before the introduction of the labor saving im- plements now so common on every well equipped place. To handle the sickle deftly, swing a scythe close to the ground and roll up a good swath, and to swing .a cradle gracefully were accomplishments which all good farmers sought after and paid good wages for. In the fall of 1858 Mr. Cooper, married.the eldest BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 687 daughter of Peter and Lydia Hunsecker, of Man- heim township, the former of whom was of Ger- man descent, and the latter of Welsh. During the Civil war Mr. Cooper twice joined the emergency troops and went forward as first non- commissioned officer to meet the invading Rebel forces who threatened a raid upon that fertile re- gion. He was elected for three terms as a member .of the Pennsylvania Board of Agriculture, serving eight years, and he has served three terms of five years each as one of the justices of the peace of his township, the duties of which office, with surveying, conveyancing and scrivening, and the growing of nursery trees have occupied his time fully. With the help of a loving and industrious wife he has raised a family of three sons and two daughters, who are now fighting the battles of life, each in his own chosen life pursuit ; these children are : Harry PL, post-master of Nacogdoches, Texas ; Elmer E., traveling salesman for the Moline Implement Work, Dallas, Texas; Milton C, supervising prin- cipal of the Asa Packer school, Philadelphia ; Mena May, wife of W. Ross Esbenshade, of Leaman Place, Pa. ; and Ella Sidney, wife of Harry W. Bar- nard, of CoUamer, Chester Co., Pennsylvania. CHARLES C. BRINTON, a general farmer, was born Sept. 5, 1838, in Salisbury township, on the farm where he still resides and where agricul- ture has been the pursuit of" his life. His parents, Caleb and Ann (Richards) Brinton, were respect- ively born on a farm adjoining the one just men- tioned, and on another just across the boundary line in Chester county, near Kennett Square. Caleb Brinton was reared a farmer, settled on the present farm in Salisbury township in 1830, and there passed the remainder of his life, dying Dec. 18, 1851, at the age of sixty-four years; his widow survived until Nov. 6, 1888, when she expired at the advanced age of eighty-eight. Both were bright lights- in the Society of Friends, and their mortal remains were laid to rest in the Salisbury . meeting house cemetery. Caleb Brinton had been twice married, the first time to Eliza Fox, who bore him seven children, as follows: Moses, of Ne- braska, now deceased; Rebecca, widow of Joseph Hood, of Philadelphia; George, a retired merchant in West Chester; Letitia, deceased wife of Robert Swisher; Mary A., of Landstown, Pa., widow of Clarkson Brosius, the father of Hon. M. Brosius (deceased) ; Hannah, widow of John Carter, of Emporia, Kans. ; Elizabeth, who died unmarried. To Caleb and Ann (Richards) Brinton were born four children, viz : Phoebe, who died in- 1861 ; Isaac, who died in Andersonville prison, a member of the 57th P. V. I. ; Charles C. ; Sergt, Channing Brinton; of Co. K, 97th P. V. I., who was killed in front of Petersburg, Va., and whose remains were brought home for interment in the Sadsbury cemetery. The paternal grandparents- of Charles C. Brin- ton were Moses and Hannah Brinton, of Salisbury township, and the maternal grandparents were Isaac and Mary Richards, of Chester county, whose farm was deeded to their forefathers from William Penn direct. Charles C. Brinton began his education in Hun- secker's Academy at Trappe, Montgomery Co., Pa., and next at the age of sixteen entered the Millers- ville Academy; the remainder of his life has been passed on the farm with the exception of three months in 1861, when he was in the Union army, but he had no part in any battle. Charles C. Brinton has been twice married: first, on Oct. 28, 1875, he was united in matrimony at his present home by the mayor of Lancaster, Cap- tain Stauffer, with Anna Baker, daughter of Elisha and Ruth Baker and a native of Chester county ; she was called away in April, 1883, at the age of thirty-six year's, leaving one child, Channing, born June 19, 1879, who died April 15, 1883. Their re- mains found repose in the Sadsbury meeting house cemetery. The second marriage of Mr. Brinton took place in Philadelphia, March 12, 1890, to Anna Dickin- son, and this union has been graced with four chil- dren, Charles, Caleb, Anna and John M. Mrs. Anna (Dickinson) Brinton was born in Salisbury township, Dec. 13, 1857, ^"d is a daughter of Henry and Anna (Baldwin) Dickinson, of Lancaster and Chester counties respectively. Henry Dickinson was a farmer by calling, but also conducted a gen- eral store at Roseneath, Salisbury township. He was also a justice of the peace for many years. Somewhat late in life he retired to private life, his death occurring in 1896, at the age of seventy-five years, and that of his wife in 1898, at seventy-four, the remains of both being interred in Sadsbury meeting house cemetery. The children born to Henry and Anna Dickinson were eight in number and named as follows : Lorenzo ; Lydia, deceased ; Phebe, of Reading, Pa. ; Henry, deceased ,* Hayes, employed on the railroad at Reading; James, fore- man in the steel works at Steelton; Bayard, of Steelton, a doctor ; and Anna, now Mrs. Brinton. The Brinton family, one of the oldest in the State, has always been prominent in the manage- ment of local affairs, has been influential in the So- ciety of Friends, and after the organization of the Republican party was largely instrumental in secur- ing the abolition of slavery. ABNER PEOPLES, a retired farmer and es- teemed citizen of Strasburg township, was born Feb. 27, 1825, in New Providence, Pa., son of John and Susan (Miller) Peoples, both deceased. John Peoples was a son of Francis Peoples, a- farmer of Lancaster county, who had a family of five children, namely : William, Francis, Samuel, John and Sarah, all of whom have passed out -of life. John Peoples, the father of Abner, was born Dec. 10, 1793, died in New Provid61lce, Dec. 28, 688 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1862, and was a merchant, farmer and lime-burner and one of the leading citizens of his community. About 1818 he married Susan Miller, of Lancaster, and seven children were born to them : Mary, born Dec. 6, 1820, deceased; Anna, born Jan. 16, 1823, deceased; Abner; Amanda, born Nov. 6, 1827; Leah, a widow, born Oct. 14, 1829, who lives in New Providence, Pa. ; Hiram, born in Feb. 1835, a retired farmer of New Providence ; John, born July 29, 1837, who resides in Lock Haven, Pennsylvania. Abner Peoples was reared on a farm and re- ceived his education in the schools of his township. When he started out in life for himself it was' as a poor boy, and his present financial position has been secured by the exercise of industry, persever- ance and economy. His fine farm of 127 acres, with its excellent improvements, attests his success, and he is fully justified in passing his declining years in rest and retirement. In his earlier years he was a Whig, but has been an active Republican since the formation of that party. Both he and his wife are valued members of the Mennonite Church. On Nov. 9, 1848, Mr. Peoples was united in mar- riage to Miss Martha Hess, of Pequea township, born Sept. 28, 1823, and daughter of John Hess. A family of four children has been born to Mr. and Mrs. Peoples, as follows: Lettie, born June 29, 1849, niarried to Henry Groff, of Providence town- ship, a farmer; Mary, born in 1852, the wife of Frank Gachnour, a carpenter of Providence town- ship ; Susan, the wife of Dr. L. M. Bryson, of Para- dise township; and Thaddeus, who died at the age of fourteen years. Mr. Peoples has an ancestry of which he may well feel proud, both the Peoples and Miller families being among the leading ones of the county. Great- grandfather Miller was one of the oldest settlers of that part of Lancaster county, was born in 1713, and niarried Mary Brubaker, born in 1719. Their son David, the grandfather of Abner Peoples, was born in 1754, married Mary Souder, born in 1753, and they had a family of nine children : Jacob M., born in 1776; Annie M., 1778; David, 1781'; Elizabeth, 1784; Mary, 1786; Catherine, 1788; Daniel, 1790; Isaac, 1793, and Susan, the mother of Abner Peo- ples, was born in 1797. All these good people lived worthy lives and at death were mourned with re- spect and affection. Since the days of the Revolu- tionary war the families of Peoples and Miller have been identified with the most of the progress arid advancement in educational and religious lines in this vicinity. Abner Peoples is a most worthy rep- resentative of this combined ancestry. NISSLY. The pioneer of Ihe Nissly family in America was Jacob, who emigrated from Switzer- land in 1 7 19, and settled in Mt. Joy township, Lan- caster county, Pa., where he took up a large section of land, purchased irom William Penn. The land remained in the Nissly family for about 150 years, when it was bought by David Wolgemuth, who still owns it. Jacob Nissly was naturalized in 1729. Of his children, ( i ) Jacob Jr. married and became the ■ father of three sons, Henry, Jacob and Martin ; (2) John (Hans) married a Miss Sechrist, and had six sons, Michael, John, Jacob, Abraham, Samuel and Martin; (3) Martin married a Miss Snyder; (4) Henry is mentioned below ; and the daughters, three in number, married respectively, into the Buhrman, Ebersole and Steward families. Henry Nissly, son of the pioneer, Jacob, was born in 1722, and made his home on a mill property, with 160 acres of land, on Chickies Creek in Rapho town- ship. His descendants now live in Clay township. He married a Miss Reif and they became the parents of eight children: Barbara, who married Michael Brandt; Anna, who married Jabez Shuey; Henry; Martin ; Catherine, who married Dr. Michael Kauf- man, of Manheim borough ; Jacob ; Maria and Abra- ham, who both died in infancy. Martin Nissly, son of Henry above mentioned, was born Jan. 16, 1759, and located in what is now known as Clay township about 1787, on a farm of nearly 175 acres. He married Elizabeth Hallocker, 'and had two children : Catherine, who. married Ben- jamin Bollinger; and Henry, married to Catherine Martin. Henry Nissly, son of Martin, and great-grandson of the pioneer Jacob, was born July 12, 1783, became a prominent farmer of Clay township, and passed away in 1869, at an advanced age. He married Catherine Martin, daughter of. Peter and Catherine (Flickinger) Martin, the former of whom had lo- cated in Clay township in 1804. To Henry and Catherine (Martin) Nissly were born nine children: Peter, who married a Miss Pfoutz, and has a son Jacob, residing near Richland, Lebanon county; Martin and Henry, deceased; Samuel; Elizabeth; John, deceased ; Catherine and Anna, deceased ; and Isaac, who married a Miss Bryson, and died in 1862, leaving one child, Ida V., now living in Reading. Samuel Nissly, son of Henry and Catherine (Martin) Nissly, was born May 29, 1815. He was reared upon his father's farm, and received his edu- cation in the common schools of the neighborhood. At the age of eighteen he went to Lititz to learn the cabinet maker's trade, and served his apprenticeship of two years, after which he worked there for three years and then returned to the home farm, where he carried on his trade for the following two years. In 1840 his uncle, Peter Martin, instructed him in the mysteries of land surveying, and this Mr. Nissly has since followed. In politics, Mr. Nissly is a Repub- lican, but originally was an old-time Whig, casting his first presidential ballot for William Henry Har- rison in 1840. In 1850 he was elected justice of the peace, and has been re-elected every five years since. He is president of the Lincoln National Bank, and has been a director of the Northern Mutual Life In- surance Company since its organization in 1844. He has served as secretary, treasurer and president of the company in that time. Mr. Nissly is unmarried. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 689 HENRY P. BRENEMAN, a retired farmer now living in Florin, Pa., was born in Conestoga town- ship, Lancaster count}', Pa., March 14, 1831, and is a son of Benjamin and Nancy (Peters) Breneman, natives of Conestoga and Manor townships, respect- ively. They settled in the township of Mt. Joy in April, 1831, and spent their lives on the farm which they settled upon at that time. The father was a prominent man in the community, settled many es- tates, had been supervisor and school director, and was living a retired life at the time of his death. Largely instrumental in the organization of the Mt. Joy Fire Insurance Company, he exerted a wide in- fluence in its behalf. In 1865 he died at the age of seventy-onp years, and his widow, who survived un- til 1879, reached the age of seventy years. They were both buried in the Kraybill cemetery in East Donegal township. They attended the Mennonite Church, though she was baptized in the Reformed Church. To them were born: Mary, who married David Brandt, a farmer in East Donegal township ; Nancy, deceased ; Henry P. ; George, deceased, who became mute at the age of seven years, from scarlet fever; Aaron, a retired farmer of Florin; Kitty, the widow of Jacob Gish, of Chester county, Pa., living with her daughter; Fanny, the widow of George Hambright, of Florin ; Isaac, a retired farmer, who died at Elizabethtown and was buried in the Mt. Tunnel cemetery, leaving one son, Benjamin. Henry P. Breneman has been twice married. In 1857 he was married in Lancaster county to Cath- erine Flory, by whom he became father of the fol- lowing children : Henry, who married Anna Baker, and is now a retired farmer in Florin; Jacob, who married Malinda Hoffer. He has since died and is buried in Elizabethtown cemetery. Mrs. Catherine (Flory) Breneman was born in Rapho township, and died in 1873 at the age of forty- two years, and was buried in the Kraybills cemetery. She was a daughter of Peter and Catherine (Gantz) Flory, of Lancaster county, both excellent people. Mr. Breneman was married in Mt. Joy township, Nov. 18, 1873, to his second wife, Mrs. Mary (Ham- bright) Barnhart. Mrs. Breneman was born in Rapho township, and is a daughter of George and Catherine (Baker) Hambright, born in Rapho and Mt. Joy townships, respectively. They came to Florin in 1868, where the father died at the age of seventy-four. The mother died in 1871, at the age of forty-nine. They were buried in the Florin ceme- tery, and both were members of the United Brethren Church. Mary was their only child. The father was married a second time to Fanny Breneman, by whom he had the following children : Benjamin, who mar- ried Alice Caslow, and is a farmer in Florin, Pa. ; Amos, who married Elizabeth Yetter, and is an operator in Florin ; George, who died in 1900, an operator, unmarried ; John, now attending Annville College at Annville, Lebanon Co., Pennsylvania. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Breneman were Adam and Mary (Hosier) Hambright, of Conestoga and Rapho townships, respectively. Both died in Rapho township, where he was a farmer and carpenter, and they were buried in Hossler's ceme- tery in East Donegal township. The maternal grand- parents of Mrs. Breneman were George and Anna (Hoffman) Baker, who lived in Mt. Joy township, and were buried in Lebanon county, in the old Lutheran cemetery, which is just on the line. Martin Baker, the father of George, came from Ger- many. Mrs. Mary (Barnhart) Breneman, was twice married. Her first marriage was on June 4, 1856, when she was united to Henry K. Barnhart, in Ann- ville, Pa., by whom she became the mother of two children : Katie Ann, who married John C. Zug, of Rapho township, where he is engaged in a mercantile business ; and Emma M., of Lebanon, Pa., who mar- ried S. S. Zug, justice of the peace, and whose chil- dren, Elsie B., Roswell H. and Daisy B., are all at home. Mr. Barnhart followed farming and also operated a hotel at Milton Grove. He died in 1872 at the age of thirty-six years, and was buried in the cemetery at Mt. Joy. Henry P. Breneman remained with his parents until he was twenty-six years of age, and then be- gan a career for himself as a renter of one of his fa- ther's farms in Mt. Joy township, where he spent a •number of years, and then removed to a second farm belonging to his father. On this he remained until 1880, when he came to Florin, to spend his declining years in the enjoyment of that peace and comfort to which his industrious years were well entitled. Mrs. Breneman is a member of the German Bap- tist Church, and her husband belongs to the Repub- lican party. They are both excellent people and are deservedly popular among their neighbors. LEVI S. GROSS. The great family of the name of Gross, members of which may be found all over the United States, was founded in Lancaster county, Pa., by Johannes Gross, who was born in Germany about 1736. came to America while still a youth, and located in Penn township, where he engaged in farm- ing and thrived until he owned some 532 acres of the fertile land of Lancaster county, extending through both Penn and East Hempfield townships. His re- ligious connection was with the Lutheran Church and all records go to show that he was a most indus- trious and respected man, who left a large family be- hind him, one of whom, Martin Gross, was the grandfather of Levi S. Gross. M artin Gross ( i ) was born in 1768, lived a quiet, agricultural life, and died in April, 1837. He was a consistent member of the Lutheran Church. His wife was Elizabeth Weidler and a family of two sons and six daughters was born to them : George, who migrated to Dayton, Ohio, where he died; Martin, the father of Levi S. ; Elizabeth, who married George Getz ; Charlotte, who married George Sahm : Sarah, who married A. Shindle ; Mary, who married 640 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY John Getz ; Susan, who died single ; and Anna, who married Jacob Kimel. The parents were most worthy people, who were kind neighbors and lived in peace with their fellow-men. Martin Gross (2) was a farmer by occupation, but died in 1847 at the early age of thirty-six years ; his wife, who had been Mary Stetman, still survives, at the age of eighty-four, a beloved resident of her son's .household. To them were born : John S., who resides with his brother Levi ; Salinda, who married Levi H. Hess, of Manheim ; Harriet, who married Isaac B. Espanshader, of Manheim township ; and Levi S. Levi S. Gross was born on the farm he now occu- pies, located two miles northwest of Petersburg, on Aug. 8, 1836, a son of Martin and Mary (Stetman) Gross ; he was reared a farmer boy, and educated in the excellent public schools of his district. On Dec. 2, 1858, he was married to Miss Elizabeth B. Espen- shader, a daughter of Jacob Espenshader, and settled down to domestic life on the old homestead, where he continues to reside. This farm consists of eighty- one acres, and Mr. Gross has made many valuable improvements and has attended to the cultivation of the land in such a manner that its yield is enormous. However, although much interested in his agri- cultural life, Mr. Gross has found time to take note of the needs and wants of his community and was one of the organizers of the Northern National Bank, of Lancaster City and is one of its directors ; for several years, he has been president of the Northern market, in Lancaster ; is also a stockholder and director in the Lancaster and Manheim Traction Company, and a director in the Northern Trust and Savings Com- pany. In addition to the responsibilities attaching to these positions, he has served on the school board for a period of nine years and has ever been most active in the ranks of the Republican party, repre- senting his township as a delegate to the county con- ventions and has most efficiently served on the county committee. Seven children have been born to Levi Gross and his wife : Amelia, who resides at home ; Lillie, who married Martin L. Nissley, of West Donegal town- ship ; Ida, who resides at home ; Martin, who married Miss Lizzie Hershey, and resides in Penn township ; ^Vnnie, who married John H. Stetman, of Penn town- ship ; Emma, who married Phares S. Moore, of West Hempfield ; and Clara, who resides at home. Mr. Gross is one of the representative men of East Hempfield township and possesses the confi- dence and esteem of the community where he has so long made his home. DAVID H. BRANDT, late a retired farmer of East Donegal township, Lancaster county, was born in Mt. Joy township, Jan. 5, 1827, a son of John H. and Katie (Hosier) Brandt, of East Donegal and Mt. Joy townships, respectively. The father died in East Donegal near Maytown, in 1853, at the age of fifty-four years; the mother died in 1863, at the age of seventy-five years, and their re- mains are now resting in the cemetery at Mt. Joy, to which they were removed from the cemetery in Maytown. Both were members of the Ger- man Baptist Church. John H. Brandt was actively engaged in farm- ing to within six years of his death, and was a man of much character and standing in the community, upright, honorable, straightforward and honest. John H. and Katie Brandt were the parents of the following family : John H., a miller in East Done- gal township, who died in 1889; Michael H., a re- tired mason in Mt. Joy ; David H. ; Fanny H., who died unmarried; Joseph H., who died in Middle- town, Pa., in April, 1899. Of the parents of John H. Brandt it is now remembered only that their names were John and Fanny Brandt. David H. Brandt was twice married. In 1853 he was united with his first wife, Elizabeth Longe- necker, in Dauphin county. Pa. Born to this union were : Simon L., who married Lizzie S. Eshleman, and is now living in Marietta, Pa. ; Alphus L., who married Alice Sherik, and is living with his par- ents; John L., who died young; Tillie L., at home. Mrs. Elizabeth Brandt was born in Conewago, DaujDhin county, and died Sept. 6, 1865, at the age of thirty-seven years. Her remains were interred in the Hofter Church cemetery in Conewago town- ship. John and Barbara (Hoffer) Longenecker, her parents, were natives and residents of Dauphin county, where her father engaged in farming, and in his younger life was a teacher. The second marriage of David H. Brandt oc- curred in January, 1868, when he was united with Mary P. Breneman, of Mt. Joy. Mrs. Mary Brandt was born in Millersville, Manor township, in July, 1824, and is a daughter of Benjamin and Anna (Peters) Breneman, both natives of Manor town- ship. They died in Mt. Joy, to which point they had removed in 1832. Her father died in 1872, at the age of seventy-one years ; her mother died Nov. 15, 1879, at the age of seventy-eight years, and both were buried in the Kraybills Meeting House ceme- tery. They were the parents of the following chil- dren : Mary ; Lizzie, who died young ; George, de- ceased ; Henry P., of Florin, Pa. ; Katie, the widow of Jacob Gish, now living in Chester county. Pa.; Aaron, a retired farmer near Florin; Isaac, de- ceased; Fanny, the widow of George Hambright, who lives in Florin. David H. Brandt remained with his parents un- til his marriage, when he worked his father-in-law's farm in Dauphin county until his wife's death. Fol- lowing that sad event he removed to Mt. Joy town- ship, where he remained until 1872, when he came to his present farm, a fertile and well cultivated place of 103 acres. He was an honored member o'f the Mennonite Church, and stood high in the esteem of his neighbors. In his politics he was a Demo- crat, and took a broad and enlightened view of the affairs of the town and the nation, seeking to do the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 641 full duty of the citizen on all occasions. His death on April g, 1902, at the age of seventy-five years, was a distinct loss to the community. SIMON SEITZ MANN, M. D., enjoys a large general practice in Columbia, where he has been actively engaged in the duties of his profession for several years. Though yet a young man, he has the confidence and high regard of his patrons and fel- low citizens in an enviable degree, and he is a worthy representative of a family whose members have long been among the most respected citizens of Manor township, Lancaster county. Bernard Mann, the grandfather of Simon Seitz, was born in Manor township, where his grand- father, Bernhart Mann, who emigrated from Huiff- enhart, Germany, in 1748, made his home. He al- ways followed farming, and became one of the lead- ing agriculturists of his section, owning 106 acres of valuable land,' which he cultivated profitably all his active life and which is now owned and culti- vated by his grandson, Jacob S. Mann. His neigh- bors and fellow citizens held hini in the highest es- teem, and his counsel and advice were frequently sought by them ; noted no less for his business abil- ity than for strict honesty, he was often called upon to assist them in their business affairs, and he settled up and administered over fifty estates. He was also active in public affairs, and served his township as supervisor. Mr. Mann was a Democrat in political faith. He married Anna Wertz, also a native of Manor township, and a member of one of its old families, and they became the parents of eight chil- dren, one of whom died in childhood. John is a farmer in Cumberland county, this State. Henry W. is mentioned below. Elizabeth is the wife of Eli Shuman, of Cumberland county. Margaret is the wife of John Sherick, of Manor township, this county. Annie is the wife of Levi Mann, of Manor township. Simon is engaged in farming in Manor township. Carrie is the wife of Henry Hershey, of Lancaster county. The father was a member of the German Baptist Church. Henry W. Mann was born June 14, 1820, in Manor township, was reared on the old home farm, and received his education in the neighboring pub- lic schools. He remained with his parents up to the age of twenty-seven years, when he removed to the present family home, a 120-acre farm located one mile east of Washington borough, in Manor town- ship. He made the place one of the first in the locality, provided with all modern improvements, and managed in the most business-like manner, careful attention being given to all the many details necessary to the successful conduct of an up-to-date farm. Mr. Mann fully sustained the reputation borne by his ancestors for honesty and sterling in- tegrity. He and his family united with the Men- nonite Church. Henry W. Mann passed away Dec. 24, 1901. His son, Henry S., resides on and has taken the home farm. 41 In 1856 Henry W. Mann married Miss Anna C. Seitz, who was born in 1833 in Manor township, daughter of Jacob and Annie Seitz, and eight chil- dren blessed their union. Amos died in early child- hood. Jacob S. married Emma Herr; EH S. mar- ried Annie Rohrer; George W. S. married Annie Kauffman; Henry S. married Maggie Sherick; these four sons are engaged in farming in Manor township, the last named on the home farm. Enos S. married Mary A. Fttlton, of York county ; he re- ceived a good common school education, engaged in teaching for a time, and was also employed three years as clerk of the Columbia National Bank, and two years in the Lancaster County Bank; studying medicine, he was graduated from the medical de- partment the University of Pennsylvania in 1896, and has since practiced medicine, being now lo- cated in Dallas town, York Co., Pa. Simon S. is our subject proper. Hiram died in infancy. Simon Seitz Mann was born Oct. 28, 1867, in Manor township, where he grew to manhood on the home farm. His early education was acquired in the local public schools, and he also attended the Millersville Normal, from which he was graduated in 1890. His medical education he received at the Hahnemann Medical College, Philadelphia, from which institution he was graduated in 1894, and he has since been engaged in the active practice of his profession, first as resident physician in the Chil- dren's Homeopathic Hospital of Philadelphia, then for three years at Honey Brook, Chester Co., Pa., whence he went to Columbia. Dr. Mann has gained ground rapidly since locating in that town, and now has a lucrative and still increasing practice. While preparing for his life work he engaged in teaching for some time, and met with gratifying success in that line also. He is a director of the Columbia National Bank and the Columbia Telephone Com- pany. Socially Dr. Mann is a Mason (sixth de- gree) and a member of the Knights of Pythias. His political support is given to the Democratic party. WILLIAM H. BUNN. It is seldom that there is found a United States official whose faithfulness, integrity and capability have enabled him to retain his position for more than forty-two years, yet such is the case with William H. Bunn, postmaster and merchant at South Hermitage, Lancaster county. Pa., where, under the firm name of William H. Bunn & Son, he is conducting a general store at the same place where he started in the fall of i860. William H. Bunn was born in Philadelphia, Dec. 23, 1828, the eldest of the nine children that consti- tuted the family of David and Catherine (Martin) Bunn, natives respectivelv of Chester and Lan- caster counties. David Bunn was a carpenter by trade, as was his father before him, but the latter was also a farmer. David died in Cochranville, Chester county, in 1892, at the age of eighty-five years, while his wife had passed away in 1871, when sixty-two years old. They were members of 642 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the Presbyterian Church and their remains were laid to rest in Brandywine Manor. Their children were named as follows : William H. ; Martin A., who died in Illinois ; Mary J., who died at the age of four; Martha, at the age of three; Mary F;, at two; Emma, deceased wife of J. C. Buchanan; Elizabeth, married to Park Rutherford, of High- land, Pa. ; Benjamin, a farmer of Highland town- ship, Chester county ; and Hugh W., in the grocery business at Rockford, 111. The paternal grandpar- ents of these children were Benjamin and Mary (Beerbrower) Bunn, natives respectively of Potts- town, Pa., and Bucks county. William H. Bunn until sixteen years of age lived with his parents in Moscow, Chester county, where he was employed as a clerk for two years ; then he went to Philadelphia, where he was employed in a wholesale dry-goods store two years, and then lo- cated in Rockville, Chester county, and opened a general store, which he conducted one year. In 185 1 Mr. Bunn came to Salisbury and for one year was engaged in general merchandising; thence he went to Pequea, where for four years he was occu- pied in the same line of trade, and then sold out and purchased a fai'm in Salisbury township, on which he resided four years. But the mercantile instinct was strong within him, and he was ever on the alert for an opportunity to re-embark in the business which had engaged his early attention, and which his tastes and keen insight into its methods had so eminently qualified him to pursue. Accord- ingly, seizing an opportunity of profitably disposing of his farm, in the fall of i860 he opened up business at his present stand in South Hermitage and was the same year appointed postmaster, having first been elected su])ervisor of the township for one term, and subsequently town auditor. William H. Bunn was united in marriage April 21, 1853, in Bellem.onte, Lancaster county, with Miss Sarah R. Flemming, and this congenial union has been blessed with seven children, born in the following order : James R., who died at the age of three years ; Ada C, who is married to William T. Irwin, a clerk, resides in Chester, Pa., .and is the mother of two children ; Olivia, who is the wife of C. AV. Dampenan, a clerk, resides at Point Pleas- ant, N. J., and is the mother of three children; Jemey C. Bunn, living at home with her parents ; Thresia, residing at Gap, Lancaster Co., Pa., who is the wife of John D. Knox, a farmer, and has three children ; David, living with his father, and married to Mary C. Corbett, who has borne him one son, Robert O. ; and Charles, a farmer in Eagle, Lan- caster Co., Pa., married to Lena -Mast, who has borne him two children. Mrs. Sarah R. (Flemming) Bunn was born in SaHsbury township, Dec. 31, 1826, a daughter of Tames and Olivia (Cowan) Flemming, natives of Chester and Lancaster counties, respectively, and parents of the follovifing named family : Sarah R., wife of William H. Bunn; Margarette C, widow of John Wilson and residing in Chicago, 111. ; William R., who died at the age of forty years ; Joseph 0», a resident of Lincolrj, Neb. ; Anna W., deceased wife of a Mr. Garrett ; James P., who died in Cincinnati, Ohio, when nineteen years old ; Mary E., married to Davis Roseboro, a manufacturer of wagons at Wag- ontown, Chester Co., Pa. ; Susan P., of Poughkeep- sie, N. Y., wife of Frank Woule; and Thomas P., deceased. James Flemming, the father of Mrs. Bunn, was for years manager of the iron plants owned by the Hon. Thaddeus Stevens, one of the early Free-Soil members of Congress from Pennsylvania and a strong anti-slavery man; Mr. Flemming was also the m.anager of the plants of James P. Paxton. The death of Mr. Flemming occurred in Salisbury town- ship in 1843, at the early age of forty years, and that of his widow in March, 1895, at the advanced age of eighty-eight. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Bunn, James and Rebecca (Oglebie) Flem- ming, were highly respected farming people of Chester county; and the maternal grandparents, William and Mary (Rutter) Cowan, stood equally high in the same vocation in Lancaster county. William H. Bunn has been a Republican ever since the organization of the party and an earnest worker in its ranks as well as a sagacious adviser in its councils. The long tenure of his present po- sition shows him to hold the confidence not only of the party's managers but that of the public in general. He has always taken a leading part in the pro- motion of the public welfare of Salisbury township, being public-spirited to an extreme degree and will- ing at all times to sacrifice his time and means for the benefit of the community of which he has so long been a member, and in which his name will be revered as long as Salisbury township shall endure. For twelve years he was treasurer of the Pequea Presbyterian Church, the teachings of which he has followed throughout his long and useful life. ISAAC MURR, was born in East Earl town- ship and died in Intercourse, Pa., March 25, 1898, having spent his seventy years in Lancaster county in a most honorable and commendable industry. His remains rest in the cemetery connected with Ro- land's church. Isaac Murr was a son of Jacob and Katie ( Shaf- fer) Murr. His father was born in Germany, and his mother in Lancaster county ; both are now dead. They had the following children : Caroline, now liv- ing in East Earl township, at the venerable age of ninety-five years, who has been twice married, to Ja- cob Usner and to Michael King; Henry, a resident of Paradise, Lancaster county; John, George, Ja- cob, Michael, Louis, Isaac and Daniel, all deceased. Isaac Murr was married in July, 1883, to Cath- arine Kurtz, who was born in Salisbury township, a daughter of Henry and Mary (Kurtz) Kurtz. Pier parents removed in 1854 to East Earl town- ship, where they spent the rest of their lives. Her BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 643 father died in 1883 at the age of seventy years ; and the mother, in 1889, at the age of sevefity-nine ; both were buried in Rancks' Church cemetery. They were members of the United Brethren Church. Born to this union were the following children: Catharine, who is Mrs. Murr; Sylvester, who is a farmer and phosphate manufacturer in East Earl township ; Sarah J., who maried E. J. Stunkard, of East Earl township; Mary A., who died young; Emma C, who married Martin L. Hummond, a far- mer of East Earl township. jVbraham and Magdelina (Martin) Kurtz, the paternal grandparents of Mrs. Murr, were born in Salisbury township. Her great-grandfather, Jacob Kurtz, was also a resident of Lancaster county. Her maternal grandparents, John and Katie (Sho- walder) Kurtz, were natives of Salisbury and Cone- stoga townships, respectively. John Kurtz was a son of Christian Kurtz, of Salisbury township. Isaac Murr followed the blacksmith trade the greater part of his active life. In East Earl town- ship he worked with Daniel Geist, and while still a boy, came to Intercourse in 1858. In his later years he dealt extensively in horses and cattle, and became very prominent in the community. In his politics he was a Republican, and took a most intelligent and active interest in political affairs. He was a good citizen, an honest man, and a genuine gentleman. CHRISTIAN E. GOSS, a farmer and teacher of Conoy township, and a man respected alike for his character, learning and industry, was born in the township of West Donegal, Aug. 29, 1857, a son of Joseph H. and Mary (Erb) Goss. The father was born in Londonderry township, Dauphin county, and the mother in Conoy town- ship. The senior Goss died in Conoy township in April, 1899, at the age "of seventy-four years. He was a farmer, and in every way a most estimable man. For a year he served on the board of super- visors. His widow who was born in 1832, is now a resident of Elizabethtown, and is the mother of the following children : Amos, who died at the age of eight years; Lizzie, the wife of Abraham H. Meek- ley, of Columbia ; Christian E. ; Joseph H., a farmer, of Elizabethtown ; Mary, who died at the age of two years ; Anna, the wife of David Gable, a merchant of Mt. Joy ; Ella, the wife of J. W. Shireman, a farmer of Conoy township ; Emily, the wife of Prof. H. S. I'rinser, of Bainbridge; Myra, the wife of Joseph Martin, a teacher of Middletown. The paternal grandparents of Christian E. Goss were John and Lizzie (Haldeman) Goss, residents of Dauphin county, but in later )'ears they removed to West Donegal township, Lancaster county, where they died. They were devoted to a farming life, and were honest and industrious to the last degree. Mr. Goss's maternal grandparents were Christ and Lizzie (KraybilD Erb, natives of Lancaster county, and lifelong residents of Columbia. Christian E. Goss and Miss Martha Lindemuth were married in West Donegal township, Dec. 25, 1884, and are the parents of the following children : Irene ; Clarence, deceased ; Mary, who is now living with her aunt; Christian; Helen; Joseph, deceased; Raymond ; Sarah ; Paul ; John. Mrs. Martha Goss was born in West Donegal township, Feb. 3, 1857, and was a daughter of Martin and Elizabeth (Engle) Lindemuth, both natives of Lancaster county. Her father was a farmer, and died in 1884, at the age of sixty-five years. Her mother now resides in Eliza- bethtown. Christian E. Goss remained at home with his pa- rents until he reached the age of twenty-seven years. When he was nineteen he began teaching, and for twenty-seven years he has taught school in the same township, nine at Stevens, sixteen at Wickersham, and two at Bainbridge. For two terms he was auditor, and for ten years has occupied the position of justice of the peace; in the spring of 1900 he was appointed census enumerator for his district. In his politics he is Republican, and in his religion a mem- ber of the Church of God, of which he is now an elder in the local church. Mr. Goss is a man of fine character, much intel- ligence and is greatly esteemed in the community where he has spent his industrious and useful life. JACOB C. McCONNELL, M. D., a popular citizen of Terre Hill, Lancaster county, is a native of Chester county, where he was born April 13, 1848, a son of Jacob and, Abigail (McCammant) McCon-' nc!I, both of Scotch extraction, but of American birth. The family is an old one in Chester county, where its various representatives have been promin- ent in both farming and trade. Dr. J. C. McConnell was reared on the farm, and had his general school training in the public schools, and at the Millersville Normal, where he spent two years. At the end of that time he took up the study of medicine under the preceptorship of Dr. Ring- wolt, of Churchtown, and entered Jefferson Medical College in the fall of 1868, from which institution he received his degree in 1870. He pitched his tent at Terre Hill, where he has remained to the present time, winning many friends, and building up a good practice. His footing in the community is unques- tioned, and his success is complimentary in the high- est degree. PLANK IRWIN, a retired miller at New Hol- land, Pa., was born at Honeybrook, Chester county, Dec. 5, 1819, a son of William and Christina (Plank) Irwin. His father was born in Chester county, and his mother in Lancaster county. William Irwin was a miller in Honeybrook, and during the war of 181 2 was a member of the Light Horse. His death occurred in 1876, at the age of seventy-six. His wife died in the same year at the age of seventy-four. The husband and father was a member of the Presbyterian Church, and the mother was associated with the Amish church. To William 644 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Irwin and his wife were born : James, William and John, all of whom are dead ; Martha, the widow of Louis Emory, living in Coatesville, Pa. ; Plank. The parents of William Irwin were Mr. and Mrs. James Irwin. This family came from Scotland, and James Irwin was a farmer. The parents of Mrs. Christina Irwin were John Plank and his wife, of Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Plank Irwin was married Dec. 5, 1866, to Lydia A. Kurtz, who was born in Salisbury, and died May 19, 1889, at the age of sixty years. She was a daugh- ter of Isaac and Julia (Rhodes) Kurtz, of Salisbury township, Lancaster county, where the father was engaged in farming and held a very conspicuous station in the esteem of the people of his community. Plank Irwin remained at home with his parents until his marriage, when he engaged in the milling business, in which he worked for twenty-three years. In 1884 he retired from active labors, and made his home on a two-acre tract in New Holland. Mr. Irwin belongs to the Lutheran Church. In his poli- tics he is a Republican. Notwithstanding his ad- vanced age, he is still hale and vigorous, and in the fall of 1901, cut and shocked his own corn. His in- dustry and integrity have won him a fair share of this world's goods, and he is very comfortably sit- uated. JOHN HERTZLER, president of The Lan- caster Trust Company, bears a name that has been honored in this State for generations. His grand- father, John Hertzler, a prominent farmer, lived and died in Rapho township, Lancaster county, leaving both his estate and his name to his son, who also lived a useful and quiet life there, dying at the age of fifty-seven. The Hertzler family originated in Holland, and the several generations residing in America have been principally engaged in agriculture, its members becoming extensive land owners, excellent farmers, and most worthy and reputable citizens. John Hertzler, father of the gentleman whose name opens this sketch, married Miss Fanny Eshle- man, who was a daughter of John Eshleman, a re- tired farmer of Elizabethtown, and a descendant of one of the leading families of the State. They had three children: John, the third of his name, presi- dent of The Lancaster Trust Company; Mary A., widow of Jacob Hertzler, a banker of Elizabethtown ; and Elizabeth, wife of A. F. Murray. John Hertzler was born in the old homestead in Rapho township, Dec. 16, 1856, and was educated in the public schools of his district. At the age of sixteen years he entered into the banking business in Elizabethtown, remaining there until 1880, and in the next year, at the organization of the Fulton Na- tional Bank, he became paying teller. From this po- sition he was promoted to that of cashier, remaining with the institution until 1887, when he resigned and went to Minneapolis, Minn., there becoming treas- urer of the Northwestern Milling Company. At the end of two years he closed his business interests in the West, and returned to Lancaster to accept the position of treasurer of The Lancaster Trust Com- pany, which position he filled with great accept- ability to both the officers and patrons of the insti- tition. Mr. Hertzler continued in that office from 1889, the date of the company's organization, until the death of John I. Hartman, on Dec. 26, 1899, at which time he was promoted to the presidency of this stable and popular financial concern. It is generally conceded that no two men have contributed in a more marked degree to the success of The Lancaster Trust Company than John Hertz- ler and his predecessor. The careful, conservative course adopted by Mr. Hertzler is supported by the other officers of the institution, and his field of use- fulness in this connection seems to extend far into the future, Although so much of his time and energy is necessarily given to the affairs of this company, he is interested in numerous other enterprises, and serves as president of the Hubley Manufacturing Company, treasurer of the Star Ball Retainer Com- pany, secretary of the American Guard Rail Fastener Company of Philadelphia, and a director of the Lan- caster County Railway & Light Company (which controls all the lighting and trolley systems of Lan- caster county) , as well as a director in a number of the railway lines controlled by the Conestoga Trac- tion Company. Mr. Hertzler has developed an abil- ity to meet important business problems that has- made his influence felt in all these various under- takings. He is also a trustee of the Reformed Theological Seminary, and the Lancaster Cemetery Company, and treasurer of the board of education of the Reformed Church of the Eastern Synod of the United States. In addition to the above he is an active member of the first Reformed Church, and one of its most liberal supporters. In politics Mr.. Hertzler has always been a stanch Republican, but he has never taken an active part in political affairs. Through his marriage with Miss Emma Groff,. Mr. Hertzler became connected with one of the old- est and most substantial families of the county. He was married in October, 1880, his wife being a daughter of the late Samuel Groff, who died in No- vember, 1895.' Mr. and Mrs. Hertzler's three chil- dren are John Walter, a student of the Lehigh Uni- versity ; Arthur Groff, also a student at Lehigh ; and' Emma A. BENJAMIN F. HOOKEY, of Conestoga Cen- ter, Lancaster county, descends from Benedict Huckey, as the name was then spelled, who came to- the United States from Berne, Switzerland. Benedict Huckey was a farmer by occupation. He first settled in Berks county, Pa., but in time mi- grated to Springfield, 111., where he died at the age of eighty. He was a man of powerful physique, six feet in height and of massive frame, a fine specimen- of manhood. His family consisted of five children . Samuel, deceased, who was a foreman on railroat}? L^'^'' / BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 645 construction; Christian, father of Benjamin F. ; Ru- dolph, a retired merchant of Springfield, 111., now (1902) eighty-six years old; Mary, who became the wife of a Mr. Yelk, of Springfield, 111., both de- ceased ; and John, deceased, who was a carpenter at Paradise, this county, where he made his home and died. Christian Hookey was born Nov. 7, 1812, and died in June, 1898. He was a carpenter and followed that trade throughout his life. He married Chris- tianna Trissler, who was born March 7, 1818, and still survives; they had a family of ten children, as follows : John, who died when two years old ; Mary, who died in 1899, the wife of George W. Nagle, of York, Pa., deceased in June, 190 1 ; Benjamin F. ; Elizabeth, who died when fourteen months old; Ellen, the wife of Frederick Wettig, a retired butcher of Lancaster ; Harriet, the wife of Aaron Fulmer, of Lancaster: Emma, who died when nineteen years old ; Anna, the wife of John Beyerly, of Lancaster ; Margie, the widow of James P. Plucker, of Lan- caster ; Samuel, who died when thirty-five years of age. The children of John and Mary (Huber) Trissler, maternal grandparents of our subject, all except Mrs. Hookey now deceased, were: Mary, wife of Henry Steigerwalt, both now deceased ; Michael, a butcher of Lancaster ; John, a butcher of Lancaster; Sophia, wife of William Hubbard, of Lancaster, both deceased ; Catherine, wife of Will- iam Hensel, both deceased; Christianna, mother of Mr. Hookey : David, a butcher of Conestoga Center ; and Harriet, wife of Henry Stauffer, of Philadel- phia, both deceased. The father of this family was a butcher by trade. Benjamin F. Hookey was born at No. 231 East Chestnut street, Lancaster, April 29, 1841. He was reared and educated in that city up to the age of ten years and then removed to Conestoga Center, where liis education was finished. At the age of ten he went to work for his uncle David and after eleven years in his employ bought out the business, butcher- ing, which he has since conducted on his own ac- count. He has a well-appointed establishment, and does a wholesale as well as retail trade, slaughtering all his own stock. Mr. Hookey is a leader in his line in the county. He stands for everything which is to the advantage of the community, and is ever ready to lend his support to this end. On Dec. 6, 1863, Mr. Hookey married Barbara A. Groff, daughter of Mr. A. Grofif, ex-coroner of the county, and they have had a family of eight chil- dren, as follows: Anna L., wife of Henry M. Hei- beck, of Strasburg; B. Frank, Charles Edgar, Mamie, and Esther E., all deceased ; John Arthur, resident of Mellenville, N. Y., a mixer in the chem- ical department in the Atlas Match Company ; Wil- ber P., at home ; and Emily, at home. Mr. and Mrs. Hookey have been members of the ■ M. E. Church of Conestoga Center since i860. He has long been a member of the board of trustees and for thirty-two years its secretary, having always been a regular attendant. He is a member of Cones- toga Lodge, No. 334 I. O. O. F., and represented the lodge to the grand lodge several times since 1862, the last time in 1902 ; a charter member of Kishaca- quillas Tribe, No. 65, I. O. R. M., of which he has been chief of records for thirty years ; a member of Mt. Nebo Castle, No. i;8, K. of M. C. ; of the Order of the Golden Eagle, A. Herr Smith Castle, No. 158; and White Cross Commandery, No. 159, K. of M. He also belongs to Capt. George H. Hess Post, No. 571, G. A. R., Safe Harbor, and is the present com- mander, having filled that office two different times, and been its delegate to the state encampment at a number of sessions of the body. Mr. Hookey served in Co. A, i8th Pa. militia, having been mustered into the service Sept. 10, 1862, as a musician; he was mustered out after a short term of service. He also has the proud record of settling up more estates as executor, administrator, assignee, trustee under wills, etc., than any other man in the Community in which he resides, in all cases without any solicitation on his part ; he is held in high esteem by his neigh- bors for honesty and uprightness and is a man whose services, advice and support in legal matters are sought after, and accepted. He has also been hon- ored by the different orders of which he is a member, by his election for quite a number of years in suc- cession as their representative to the grand bodies, which meet in annual session. Mr. Hookey is a Republican in politics, has voted that ticket for forty years, and been an active worker in his district for more than thirty; he has repre- sented his district many times in the county con- ventions as committeeman, and has been return judge of the election board. He has been a candi- date several times for the office of county commis- sioner and expects to be again at the coming election in 1905, with the prospect of being elected. JOHN H. PARTHEMER, an honored veteran of liie Civil war and an old and respected resident of Elizabethtown, was born at Middletown, Pa., Oct. 15, 1835, a son of John and Anna (Hotts) Parth- emer, natives of Dauphin and Lancaster counties, respectively. The father, a farmer, was born in 1799, and died in 1864 at the "White House Hotel." His widow survived him many years, dying in High- spire, Pa., in February, 1882, at the age of eighty- two years ; they were both members of the Church of God. They were parents of the following family : Jacob, who died at the age of nineteen ; Mary, who married A". Fetral, and died at the age of seventy- two years ; Anna, who lived to be ten years old ; Lizzie, who died in infancy ; Henry, who lived to be seventy-one : Elizabeth, who died young ; John H. ; George W., who lives at Highspire. The paternal grandparents of John H. Parthe- mer, Jacob and Elizabeth (Alleman) Parthemer, were residents of Middletown; his grandfather on the maternal side, John Hotts, lived in Lancaster county. 646 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY John H. Parthemer was married in Harrisburg, Pa., Nov. 23, 1865, to Miss Anna E. Parthemer, and the children of this union were: Grant A., a tele- graph operator of Parkesburg, Pa.; Lillie F., who died at the age of thirteen months; William F., a telegraph operator in Lancaster; Frances M., who died at the age of twenty-two years ; Clarence E., who died in infancy; Carrie E., at home; Wallace C, at home, who for the past year has been billing clerk in the freight depot of the Pennsylvania Rail- road at Elizabethtown. Mrs. Anna E. (Parthemer) Parthemer was born near Hum.melstown, Pa., Nov. 5, 1842, a daugh- ter of William and Catherine (Sener) Parthe- mer, of Dauphin county. Her father was a prom- inent and very successful business man and. farmer in his community, holding the office of tax collector, and dealing extensively in real estate for many years. He died in 1885 at the age of seventy-six years, his wife having passed away thirteen years before at the age of fifty-seven. They were members of the United Brethren Church, and were much esteemed in their own community by those who were the best ac- quainted with them. Mr. and Mrs. Parthemer had the following family : Sarah, who is living unmar- ried at Annville, Pa. ; Mary, who died in infancy ; Anna E., who is married to John H. Parthemer; Samuel, a farmer in Kansas; Fanny, the wife of Samuel H. Gramm, of Grafton, W. Va., who has been State Senator, and is a lumber merchant, and the vice-president of the First National Bank of Grafton ; Kate, the wife of George L. Hanschue, of Wrightsville. Mr. Parthemer began working on the farm at the very early age of seven years, and continued there until he was twenty-four years old, when he removed to Highspire, where he was engaged in farming for fifteen years. For three years he was engaged in farming at Duffy's Island, and two years in tobacco farming at Falmouth, Lancaster county. For a year he was on a rented farm in Dauphin county, and then came back to Falmouth, where he continued tobacco farming until 1876. For four years he was engaged in the same business in Elizabethtown, and then in 1880 retired from active business. The military experiences of Mr. Parthemer were creditable both to his manhood and patriotic devo- tion. Oct. 9, 1861, he enlisted as a member of Co. I, 93d P. V. I. When his term of three years had ex- pired he re-enlisted in January, 1864, and served throughout the war. He was seriously wounded three times. In the battle of Winchester he received his first wound while engaged in that conflict under command of Gen. Sheridan, but he remained with his company. His second wound was received in the battle of Cedar Creek, and though severely wounded in the foot, he remained on the line of battle and did his full duty as a soldier. His third and most serious injury was received in the trenches in front of Peters- burg, March 25, 1865, when the bone of his right leg was splintered by a bullet, and three pieces of the bone were removed at City Point Hospital. When he was able to travel he went home and was treated by his family physician. Mr. Parthemer entered the service as a private and was mustered out as a lieu- tenant, June 27, 1865. Mr. Parthemer at once applied himself to the arts of peaceful life on his return from the army. For a year or more he ran individual cars between Harris- burg and Elizabethport, N. J., and was employed in a stone quarry two years, and then began farming on Duffy's Island, as noted above. Mr. Parthemer has been school director three years, and was president of the board one year. In 1895 he was elected to the town council, and has been re-elected to that position. In the spring of 1901 he was chosen a member of the United States jury, and sat in that body at Phila- delphia for three weeks. He is a member of the Church of God, and is a Republican in his politics. An honorable and straightforward man, he has achieved a fair measure of success in life, and richly deserves whatever good fortune has come to him. SAMUEL ELLIOTT, wholesale and retail ice dealer in Lancaster, is one of the city's prominent and prosperous business men. He was born in Lan- caster, Dec. '23, 1847, son of James and Elizabeth (Ewing) Elliott. James Elliott, the father, born Oct. 16, 1808, was a successful agriculturist and operated a number of excellent farms in Lancaster county, one of these being that belonging to President James Buch- anan, in Lancaster township. He died in 1854, at the age of forty-seven years, his widow sur- viving until -1893, when she had reached the age of eighty-two years. Both Mr. and Mrs. Elliott were members of the Presbyterian Church. They were buried among the beautiful surroundings of Wood- ward Hill cemetery. Their children were : Jane, died unmarried; Margaret, who married Sheaffer Metzgar, of Lancaster ; Rebecca, who is the widow of Henry Shultz ; Findly, who was married to Eliza- beth Hildebrand, of Strasburg, who later died, and he then married Catherine Mathiot, of Strasburg, Lancaster county ; Maria, deceased, wife of Thomas Scott; and Samuel. Mr. Elliott spent his boyhood in his native city and was instructed in her excellent schools. He was engaged in teaming from the age of twenty-three years until 1872, when he embarked in the ice business which he has conducted with excellent judgment and good success ever since, carrying on both wholesale and retail lines. He is progressive in his methods and has fine accommodations to meet the demands of the public. On Sept. 16, 1878, Mr. Elliott was united in marriage with Miss Josephine Myers, born in New York City, Sept. g, 1847, daughter of John and Catherine (Bream) Myers, of Germany. Mr. Myers made a trip to America alone, soon after his' marriage, to benefit his health, and finding the cli- mate agreeable, he returned to Germany and came' BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 647 back with his wife, locating in New York City where he carried on the business of a shoe merchant. In 1 85 1 he removed to Lancaster and after the death of his wife Jan. 21, 1878, at the age of sixty-four years. he took a trip to the West, remaining for a period of three years. His death took place in 1890, at the age of seventy-nine years, and both he and his wife were buried in the Lancaster cemetery. Mr. and Mrs. Myers had three children, namely : George G., who is a justice of the peace, in Coatesville, Pa. ; Gus- tavius, who conducts a barber business in Lancas- ter ; and Josephine, who became M.rs. Elliott. Mr. and Mrs. ElHott have had a family of three children, namely : John F., born Oct. 28, 1879, who died in 1895, at the age of fifteen years, eleven months and twelve days ; Samuel G., born Nov. 12, 1 88 1, who married Miss Hazel Rote and is engaged in the ice business in Lancaster ; and Florence E., born Nov. 20, 1883, at home. The religious con- nection of the family is with the Trinity Lutheran Church, to which Mrs. Elliott is a liberal contrib- utor. In politics Mr. Elliott is a staunch Democrat, but no office seeker, attending to the demands of his increasing business with stich close attention that he finds little time for the political field. However, Mr. Elliott takes a great interest in the progress and development of his city and her resources, and fa- vors those enterprises which prove to be worthy. WILLIAM C. ARMSTRONG, the popular and successful proprietor of the "Quarryville Hotel," at Ouarryvillle, Lancaster county, was born in West Ontario, Canada, May 26, 1843, ^nd is a son of John and Jane Armstrong, natives of the North of Ire- land and of Scotland, respectively. They were mar- ried in Ireland, and came to Canada in 1836, and be- gan their career in the New World on a farm where their industry, thrift and integrity soon brought them, to the front, bringing them into wide recognition as prosperous and successful. The father died in 1884, and his widow two years later. He was a member of the Episcopal Church, and his wife of the Metho- dist. To Mr. and Mrs. Armstrong were born the fol- lowing children : Robert, now of California ; John J., of Canada ; David, a lumberman in Canada ; George,, deceased ; William C. ; Johnston, deceased ; Margaret J., the wife of Mr. Pierce, of Canada ; Ir- win, of Canada ; two who died in infancy. William C. Armstrong received a somewhat limited education when a boy, and began life as a blacksmith in London, Canada. After working a while there and in other Canadian cities, in 1861 he sought work in Rochester, N. Y. ; for some time he worked in that city and in New York, and then went to Nashville, Tenn., where he followed his trade. In 1864 he came to York county, Pa., where he worked at his trade until 1808. There he married Sallie E., the estimable daughter of 'Squire James Johnston, of York. Mrs. Armstrong was born in 1843, i" York county, and was educated in the home schools. She was one of eight children born to her parents : Nancy Johnston, the widow of Thomas McMasters ; York county; Mary, the wife of James Maxton, of York cotmty ; James, a veteran of the Civil war, and now a resident of Lebanon, Pa. ; Sallie E. ; Samuel, a farmer on the old homestead; John, a farmer in York county ; William, deceased ; Hugh, a farmer of York county. William C. Armstrong settled at Oxford, Ches- ter county, where he engaged in work as a black- smith some eight years, and in addition took charge of a livery stable there which he purchased, for some eight years, doing a profitable business in horses also. In 1886 he purchased the large hotel in Ox- ford, where he engaged as a hotel man until 1897. Then he spent about a year on his farm in Russell- ville. In 1898 he became the proprietor of the "Quarryville Hotel," where he is still carrying on what has proved a very profitable hotel venture. To him and his good wife have come five children, two of whom died young. Those living are: William, who is married and has one daughter, Violet, born in Chester county in 1896; Ross is unmarried and at home; Florence, the only daughter, is a young wo- man of much culture and refinement, and is greatly loved and admired for her many good qualities, her generous disposition and kindly nature having made her many friends among the guests of the hotel as well as among the people of the town. Mrs. Arm- strong and her daughter Florence, belong to the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Armstong and both his sons are Republicans and take an active interest in party politics. Aside from his very successful career as a hotel man, Mr. Armstrong has given much thought and care to fine horses, and he has handled some of the finest track horses in the State. "Gor- don H.," the noted stallion, with a national reputa- tion, is owned by him, as well as several other noted flyers on the speedway. BENJAMIN K. LONG. Connected with the agricultural life of Lancaster county. Pa., since 1729, the Long family have the right to be termed one of the oldest and best known in this part of the State of Pennsylvania. The great-grandfather of Benjamin K. Long was Herman Long, the founder of the family in America, who came to this country from Switzer- land, and located in Lancaster ' county, where he purchased a large tract of land, in East Hempfield township, a part of this now being contained in the town of Landisville. Just east of this property lay the old Long homestead, which was purchased in 1737, consisting of 350 acres, and the greater por- tion of this valuable land is still in the possession of the Long family, Benjamin K. being the fortunate owner of ninety-four acres, and Herman H. Long, son of John K. Long, deceased, the owner of sev- enty-one acres. John Long, grandfather of Benjamin K., suc- ceeded to this large estate, and left part of it to his BIOGRAPHICAL ANNi^LS OF LANCASTER COUNTY son Abraham, who was born April 20, 1778, and here he conducted a distillery in connection with his farming operations. He married Anna Kauffman, a daughter of Christian Kauffman, Feb. 14, 181 1, who was born Dec. 4, 1792, and who died Dec. 18, 1870. The father died Dec. 28, 1846. Abraham Long and wife reared the following children: (i) Abraham K. married, Jan. 20, 1838, Susan Huber, and died Jan. 14, 1843, leaving no children. (2) Christian K. married, Nov. 25, 1847, Anna Hie- stand, and died Aug. 30, 1896, the father of six children, as follows: Mary, deceased; Matilda, who married Christian Nissley, and lives in Rapho township ; Abraham H., who married Emma Mey- ers, and lives in East Hempfield township; Lizzie, who married Elias Herr, of Manor township; Christian H., of Landisville, Pa. ; and Hiram, de- ceased. (3) John K. married, Jan. 9, 1849, Eliza- beth Miller, and died May 11, 1897, the father of two children : Herman H., who married Lillie Hoarr, and lives in East Hempfield township ; and Fannie P., of Landisville. (4) Benjamin K. is the subject proper of this sketch. (5) Susan married, Nov. II, 1841, Jacob H. Hershey, and died Oct. 18, 1898, the mother of six children : Emillia, deceased wife of Levi H. Shenk, of Rapho township ; Wa=''- ington, who married Sarah Detweiler at Marietta, Lancaster county; Abraham, who married Fannie Mellinger, and resides at Silver Spring, West Hempfield township ; Webster, who married Cath- arine Zoog, and lives in East Hempfield township ; Benjamin, who married Lizzie Gamber, and resides at Silver Spring; and Horace, deceased. (6) Anna was married Nov. 11, 1841, to Samuel Nissley, and she died Nov. 15, 1863. Ten children were born of this union : Harriet, wife of Jacob Hostetter, of Penn township ; Jonas, who married Anna Charles, and makes his home in Manor township ; Abraham, who wedded a Miss Smith, and now lives in East Hempfield township ; Samuel, of Drumore town- ship, who married Ellen Hershey ; Herman, of Har- risburg, who wedded a lady from Mechanicsburg, Pa. ; Benjamin, who married Anna Hostetter, and now lives in East Hempfield township ; Frank, who married Lillie Hoffman, and also lives in East Hempfield township ; Henry Lincoln, a resident of Illinois, who married a Miss Johnson, a French Canadian from Montreal, Canada ; and Ellen and John, both deceased. (7) Fannie was married Dec. 20, 1849, to Jacob B. Landis (a business man of Mt. Joy, who died in July, 1863), and became the mother of seven children, as follows : Benjamin, re- siding at Erie, Pa., who married Emma Busser; Ellen ; Aaron, Abraham, Wesley and Jacob, all four deceased ; and Lemuel, a resident of Lancaster city, who married Susan Swartly. (8) Maria married Abraham Perry, of Lancaster, and has one daugh- ter, Anna. Benjamin K. Long has always followed farm- ing, continuing to be actively engaged until 18'^"' when he retired, and since then has lived in the quiet enjoyment of a sufficient competency. Benjamin Long has never married, but his sister, Mrs. Landisj makes her home with him, as her surviving children have homes of their own. Before taking up religion Benjamin Long was an active Republican, and the principles of that party he has always considered the best. The re- ligious connection of himself and sister is with the Reformed Mennonite Church, where both are highly esteem^ed. LEVI ELLMAKER, Esq., one of the best known members of the Lancaster Bar, belongs to one of Lancaster's oldest and most prominent fam- ilies, and their history is given in the sketches of Mr. Ellmaker's father and his brothers, the late Nathaniel Ellmaker, Esq., and Dr. Thomas Ell- maker, elsewhere in these annals. Levi Ellmaker was born in the old Ellmaker home on North Duke street (where John D. Skiles' tobacco warehouse now stands) Feb. 22, 1836. After attending private and public schools in Lancaster, in his boyhood, he was sent to the West Chester Academy, spending three years there, and three years at the College of St. James, in Maryland. He then went for a time to Yale. After leaving, college Mr. Ellmaker went to Colebrook Furnace, Lebanon county, with the Colemans, remaining there three years, then spent two years in Kansas, and returned to Lancaster, arriving here in December, 1858. In February, 1859, he engaged in the coal business at Prince and Lemon streets, continuing there until April, 1866. His next business enterprise was the purchase of an interest in the Susquehanna Roll- ing Mill, at Columbia, and after that he read law with his brother, the late Nathaniel Ellmaker, and was admitted to practice in April, 1876. After be- ing engaged in active practice with his brother for some years, failing eyesight compelled him to abandon general practice, and to confine himself to Orphans' Court practice, in which he is engaged at present. Although an ardent Republican since 1856, Mr. Ellmaker has never accepted — and certainly never sought — public office, although political preferment has been within easy reach of himself and his brother, Nathaniel. Neither would accept political office because, at the death of their father, a paper was left by him in which he admonished his sons never to seek nor accept political office, and they respected the admonition. In his earlier manhood Mr. Ellmaker was active in Masonry, having be- longed to Lodge No. 43, and Commandery No. 13. Religiously he affiliates with the First Presbyterian Church, having been a pew holder there for an ordinary life time. Mr. Ellmaker was married, Jan. 13, 1859, to Miss Elizabeth, third daughter of the late Robert D. Carson, who was cashier of the Lancaster County Bank. Four children were born of this union, Mary, Elizabeth Elder, Susan Carson, and Amos, ^^P'-^-^a.-^^e^ — ^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 649 Mary and Amos entering into rest in early child- hood. Possessed of fine conversational powers, fond of reminiscence, and withal of a most genial, kindly nature, Mr. Ellmaker naturally has hosts of friends, and is as popular professionally as he is socially. JOSIAH HERSHEY, a well-known retired farmer of Salisbury township, is a worthy repre- sentative of a highly esteemed family that has been known to Pennsylvania since ,1719, when three brothers came to America from their home in Swit- zerland, and located in Lancaster county. Joseph Hershey, the grandfather of Josiah Her- shey, was for many years a prominent bishop in the Mennonite Church, and in his life faithfully en- deavored to follow the rules of the faith he pro- fessed. He made his home in Salisbury township, and when he died in 1855, at the age of sixty-four, his remains were laid to rest on a part of his farm, set aside as the Hershey burying ground. His wife, who in her maidenhood was Magdalena Roop, lived to the advanced age of ninety years, and was laid to rest at her husband's side. Their children were as follows : Jacob R., mentioned below ; Christian, who died at the age of eighteen years; John, who died young; Abraham; Barbara, who became the wife of David Hoover, and is now deceased, and Anna, who died young. Jacob R. Hershey grew to manhood on his father's farm, and made farming his occupation through life. Brought up in a Christian home, he early professed his faith, and became a preacher in the Mennonite Church. For forty-two years he has been en expounder of the doctrines of that sect, and has lived so as to lead his flock by example as well as by precept. He is greatly beloved in the com- munity where he is so well known, and his advice is ever followed with unfailing fidelity. He married Margaret Eby, daughter of Peter Eby, whose wife was a member of the Weaver family. (For sketch of Eby family, see sketch of Bishop Peter Eby else- where). To their union were born nine children, of whom we have the following record : Josiah, our subject; Magdalena, wife of John R. Buckwalder, of Kinzers, Pa. ; Peter, who went West, and has not since been heard from; Ephraim, a farmer of Salis- bury township : Mary, who married Christian Metz- ler, a farmer of Paradise township ; Jacob, a farmer in Salisbury township ; Susan, wife of John S. Rohrer, a farmer of Salisbury township ; Lizzie, who died young; and Margaret, deceased. Josiah Hershey was born Oct. 24, 1839, ^"d he remained with his parents on the farm in Salisbury until his rtiarriage, when he moved to a farm about one mile distant, and there resided about twenty- five years. He then removed to Chester county. Pa., and engaged in farming there for nine years, after which he passed three years at Gap, Lancaster county, and two years more in Chester county. The years passed in Lancaster county in his youth and early manhood had formed ties time could not break, and when he retired from active work in 1900, he returned to his native town and purchased forty- five acres of land, still, however, retaining his Ches- ter county farm of 154 acres. On Aug. 2, 1859, Mr. Hershey was married, at Reading, Pa., to Mary A. Hershey, and this union has been blessed with children, as follows: Abby, who married Francis Lennock, and died at the age of thirty-one, leaving seven children; Magdalena, who married Isaac S. Rohrer, of Kinzers, Pa., and has four children ; Elizabeth, who married Addison M. Groff, of Lancaster, and has four chil- dren (he is engaged in the poultry business) ; Margaret, who fell into a tank of water and was drowned at the age of twenty months; Jo- seph I., at home; Maggie, who died at the age of eighteen months ; Peter E., a farmer of Chester county, who married Theresa Derringer, and has three children; Josiah W., who is engaged in the hardware business at Gap, and who married Gert- rude Townsend, by whom he has two children; Dr. George B., of Salisbury, mentioned elsewhere in this volume; and Naomi, Ruth and Samuel, who all three died in infancy. Mrs. Mary A. (Hershey) Hershey was born in Upper Leacock township, Nov. .14, 1840, a daughter of Jacob F. and Christina (Bair) Hershey, the former a farmer and miller, who entered into rest Oct. i, 1896, aged seventy- nine years, and the latter of whom died in April, 1896, at the same age. They were both buried in Hershey's cemetery in Salisbury township. Their children were; John B., a farmer of Salisbury township; Mary A., Mrs. Hershey; Emanuel, a farmer and miller of Chester county. Pa. ; Amanda, wife of J. B. Cadwell, of Philadelphia, Pa. ; Jacob H., of Philadelphia ; and Ada E., wife of Taylor Worst, of Philadelphia. The family were brought up in the Mennonite faith. Jacob F. Hershey, father of Mrs. Mary A. (Hershey) Hershey was a son of John and Eliza- beth (Frantz) Hershey, farming people of Lan- caster county. Mrs. Christina (Bair) Hershey was a daughter of Joel and Mary (Wolf) Bair, farmers and slave owners of considerable prominence. Josiah Hershey, our subject, has been a man ac- tive in public affairs wherever he lived. During his residence in Chester county, he efficiently served as supervisor, and for three years was a school di- rector. In politics he is a staunch Republican. Like his father and grandfather before him, he is a Men- nonite in religious faith. Upright and honorable in all his dealings, charitable in his judgments, he is highly esteemed by all who know him. ANDREW HERR. Among the prominent and substantial farmer citizens of Strasburg township, who for many years has been one of the progressive and successful men of this locality, is Andrew Herr, who resides upon a fine estate one mile north of Refton, Pennsylvania. 650 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Andrew Herr was born in West Lampeter town- ship, on a farm which adjoins the one he now occu- pies, March lo, 1841, a son of EUas and Elizabeth (Hershey) Herr, the former of whom was a son of Rev. Christian Herr, who, in turn, was a son of Rev. Christian Herr, the family being an old one in this county. Elias Herr was born in May, 1804, and died Oct. 11, 1881. He started on his business career on the farm, in West Lampeter township where our present subject was born, where he be- came the owner of a farm of 100 acres, upon which he erected a distillery, which he conducted for many years, later opening up and operating two other distilleries in Strasburg township. This busi- ness proved very remunerative and as time went on he increased his landed possessions until he had four fine farms in West Lampeter and in Strasburg townships, and wood lands in Martic township, ag- gregating many hundreds of acres. In addition to this property he bought land both in the South and West. Elias Herr was a man of more than or- dinary business ability, and while others were willing to quietly cultivate the soil and enjoy its yield, he was ever on the alert to develop every part of his land, and to make it just as productive as the farming por- tion. Hence, when he found a deposit of lime on his property he engaged in lime burning, which business grew to large dimensions, and for many years yielded considerable income. The lime proved to be of a fine white quality, and readily sold over a great extent of territory. This business is still car- ried on by his sons, and is handled by the Phila- delphia & Reading Railroad. As a man of known probity he was called upon to administer many estates, and was known far beyond his own county. His connection with the Mennonite Church had been of many years standing. The first marriage of Elias Herr was to Eliza- beth Hershey, who died in 1848, leaving five chil- dren : Jeremiah, who resides in West Lampeter township ; Mary Ann, who married Rev. Elias Groff, of Strasburg township ; Andrew, of this biography ; Elias, who resides in Limeton, Warren Co., Va., engaged in the lime business ; and Benjamin F., of Lancaster, who is the agent for the Ephrata Min- eral Springs water. The second marriage of Elias Herr was to Catherine Hershey, a sister of his for- mer wife, but she, too, passed away, her death oc- curring in 1862. His third union was with Mar- garet Weaver, who died in 1893. Andrew Herr was reared on the farm and at- tended the district schools of West Lampeter, and remained at home, assisting- his father, until his marriage, in 1863, when he located upon the farm which he still occupies. This land required much improvement and ever since locating upon Mr. Herr has been adding to its value. In 1864 he erected the residence which at that time was con- sidered to be both commodious and convenient, but times have changed, and now Mr. Herr has one of the most comfortable and attractive residences in the county, the remodeling having been done in 1900. Modern improvements have been introduced and now there is no more agreeable country home in the county. After Mr. Herr located on this place he turned his attention entirely to farming, and until 1889 engaged in no other business, but at that time took charge of the lime kilns which had been oper- ated by his brother, Benjamin F. Herr, and since that time has carried on both lines of business. The lime kilns are valuable property, the out- put since 1867 having been about 50,000 bushels, and all of it is of the highest quality, being burned exclusively with wood. The home farm of Mr. Herr contains 140 acres and he also owns the one adjoining on the west, of 152 acres, and recently purchasing twenty more acres, he has divided his whole property into three farms. He has erected new buildings on the third farm, and has builded the house of brick, as are the houses on the other two farms. Andrew Herr is also the owner of a tract of seventy acres of wood land in Martic township, and thirty-eight acres in Providence township and also two small tenant properties, all of these combined, with his other in- terests, making him one of the most substantial men in the township. Although a man of wealth and prominence, he is of quiet and unassuming manner, and is valued as a good neighbor and kind friend. On Oct. 27, 1863, Andrew Herr was united in marriage with Susan Hess, who was born near Lam- peter, in West Lampeter township, Feb. 28, 1842, a daughter of Harry and Elizabeth (Herr) Hess. They have had a family of eight children: Eliza- beth F., born Dec. 30, 1864, married Jacob E. Wit- mer, a farmer of Strasburg township ; Milton, bom in 1866, died in infancy; Lucina V., born Dec. 22, 1867, died Sept. 28, 1870 ; Annie W., born April 10, 1870, died March- 19, 1871 ; Susan E., born Jan. 2, 1872, married Benjamin Shaub, of Strasburg township ; Harry H., born July 22, 1874, died Sept. 26, 1882; Mary E., born Sept. 2, 1876, married Tacob W. Brenneman, of Strasburg township : and Amos A., born Nov. 28, 1880, died Dec. 4, 1880. Mr. and Mrs. Herr are happy in their children and rejoice in their five grandchildren, Claire, Susan, Arthur and Anna Witmer and Myrtle Shaub. Their religious connection is with the Old Mennonite Church, with which the family name is associated through the State. JACOB B. MECKLEY, a retired farmer and carpenter of Elizabethtown, Pa., was born in Mt. Joy township, Sept. 25, 1822, a son of Jacob and Mary (Brandt) Mecklev, of Dauphin, and Lancaster counties, respectively. The father was a farmer, and was killed by a tree falling on him before his son Jacob B., was born. He was the father of two chil- dren : Anna, who married Henry Sharrer, and is now deceased ; and Jacob B. The widowed mother married for her second husband, Leonard Bender, by whom she had the following children : Leonard, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 651 deceased; Christian, who is in the West; John, also in the West ; Mary is married and Hves at Marys- ville, Pa. ; Fanny, who died unmarried in 1880 ; and William, m the West. Mrs. Bender died in Cumber- land county. Pa., in 1880. The paternal grandfather of Jacob B. Meckley, Melchior Meckley, came from Germany with his wife. The maternal grandfather of Mr. Meckley was Christian Brandt, a native of Lancaster county, where he lived and died. Jacob B. Meckley was married in 1847 i" Harris- burg, to Elizabeth Sherer, and to this union were born the following children: Isaac, who married Mary Kob, is deceased; Simon, deceased; Fanny, who married Joshua Kaylor, a farmer of Conoy township ; Mary A., deceased ; Elizabeth, deceased Avife of Miller Metzgar, of Dauphin county. Mrs. Elizabeth (Sherer) Meckley was born in Dauphin county, Aug. 15, 1828, a daughter of John B. and Christiana (Brill) Sherer, farmer people of Dauphin county, where their entire lives were passed. Jacob B. Meckley remained with his mother until he was four years of age, when he was put into the care of an uncle, Joshua Hofifer, who lived in Dauph- in county, and the ensuing ten years of his life were spent with him. At fourteen he began working for himself among the neighboring farmers, and after ten years of farm work rented a place for himself, which he cultivated one year, and then went on a second farm, where he remained until he was thirty- five years old. It was near the river in Dauphin •county, and when its owner died, the estate was sold. Mr. Meckley and his brother-in-law purchased the farm, which consisted of 187 acres. They cultivated this place until 1866, when Mr. Meckley sold out his interest, and bought a second farm, engaging in its cultivation until 1880. That year he removed to Elizabethtown, and gave up active farming opera- tions. Mr. Meckley is an enterprising and progressive citizen of the community, and has taken an active and intelligent interest in local affairs. For many years he was treasurer of the town council, and served in that capacity until 1898. Both he and his wife are members of the Brinzerites Church, and in political affairs he is a Republican. Mr. Meckley is a stock- holder in the Axle Works, and was instrumental in securing their location. He is a prosperous and much respected citizen of the community, and richly deserves whatever respect and good fortune have come to him in his latter days. CHRISTIAN HUBER, one of the prominent and well-known farmers of West Lampeter town- ship, belongs to an old and respected family of Lan- caster county. The farm occupied by Christian Huber is one of the model ones of the to\Vnship, lo- cated one mile southeast of Lampeter, and contains ninety-one acres of some of the best land in this sec- tion. Christian Huber is a son of Christian and Annie (Hornish) Huber, both of these names being well and favorably known throughout this part of the State, and was born Feb. 27, 1858. His education was received in the excellent public schools, after which he remained on the home farm until his mar- riage, in 1884, at which time he removed to his pres- ent place. ^\.t that time it consisted of eighty-eight acres, and was in need of many improvements, all of which our subject has taken no little pains and ex- pense to remedy, and now, with an additional three acres and the erection of good buildings and capac- ious tobacco warehouses, he has one of the finest farms to be found in this locality. A general line of farming is carried on, and modern methods have been introduced to a larger degree than by any other farmer of this neighborhood. In 1900 he had a com- plete system of electric lighting introduced into all the buildings connected with his place, this being an innovation that certainly will result in advantage to its progressive owner. Christian Huber was married Jan. 20, 1884, to Elizabeth Lefever, a daughter of Adam and Cathr erine (Kendig) Lefever, who was born in Lampeter, May 24, i860, and to this union four children have been born : Katie, Annie, Daisy and Henry. In his political connection Christian Huber has been a stanch Republican, but has never sought or consented to hold office. In the Old Mennonite Church he has ever been a member of good standing, and has reared his family in the same pious way. The family is of the highest respectability and possesses the esteem of all. HON. DAVID McMULLEN, ex-judge of the courts of Lancaster county, is one of the most popular counsellors in the county, where his distinguished legal abilities have long since commanded a wide and generous recognition. William McMullen, the grandfather of David, came to America from Belfast, Ireland, and made his home in Earl township, Lancaster county. A weaver by occupation, he found his work popular, for the farmers were then great growers of flax. After a time he removed to Pennville, Elizabeth township, where he continued his weaving until his death. James McMullen, the father of the Judge, was a contracting carpenter, and he married Elizabeth .Sheetz, a daughter of Jacob Sheetz, then living at what is now known as Halfville, Elizabeth township, Lancaster county. Three of the four children born to this union are now living: Susan, wife of Will- iam Yeagley, a farmer of Cornwall township, Leba- non county ; Hon. David, of Lancaster ; and Edward, a farmer of Penn township. Catherine, the oldest child, married Abraham Kauffman, of Penn town- ship, and is deceased. Hon. David McMullen was born near Mt. Hope, Lancaster county, Oct. 20, 1844, and had his educa- tion in the public schools of the county, in Yeates Institute, in the Vermont Episcopal School at Bur- lington, \^t., and at the State Normal School at Mil- 652 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY lersville, from which he was graduated in 1868. For two years, after his graduation he taught school, and then began the study of law, reading under the super- vision of Hugh C. Graham, of Oil City, where he was engaged as a teacher until the fall of 1869. The following spring he entered the office of the late S. H. Reynolds, of Lancaster, and there continued his studies until he was admitted to the Bar in Decem- ber, 1 87 1, being admitted to the supreme court in due time, and he at once entered upon a liicrative and growing business. A Democrat in political faith. Judge McMullen was elected to the common branch of the city coun- cils, from the second ward, and has been a member of the school board since 1889. In 1890 he was elected its president, and has since been re-elected to the chair, Mr. McMullen was appointed by Gov. Pattison in March, 1892, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Judge Patterson, the term expiring the following year. Judge McMullen was nominated by the Democrats, and supported by a leading Re- publican paper of Lancaster, made a magnificent run in this the "banner Republican county" of the State. It was the most remarkable vote ever polled by a Democrat in Lancaster county. Judge McMullen is a member of St. James Epis- copal Church, where he has been a vestryman for a number of years, and he has acted as treasurer of the parish since 1877. He is a trustee of Yeates Insti- tute, and a member of the board of trustees of the State Normal School at Millersville. Since the in- ception of the General Hospital of Lancaster, he has been president of its board of trustees. Mr. McMul- len belongs to the Royal Arcanum, and the A. O. U. W. He was favorite counsel to the late Miss Cath- erine Long, who gave $300,000 for a home for in- digent unmarried women and the establishment of a citv park, and he is counsel for the executors of her will. Judge McMullen was married to Miss Susan E., a daughter of the late Peter E. Lightner, a farmer, whose fine country home was just beyond the western limits of Lancaster. To this marriage were born two children : Mary R., wife of T. William Benner, of Lancaster ; and Emily S., the wife of Dr. Samuel Heller, a practicing physician of this city. Judge McMullen occupies a prominent place in the legal profession, and his kindly nature and 'magnetic per- sonalitv make him welcome in all circles, regardless of political bias. RUDOLPH S. HERR. The Herr family is one of the old and most respected ones of Lancaster county, and members have been long prominetit both in the religious as well as the agricultural affairs of this part of the Keystone State. David Herr, the father of Rudolph S. Herr, was born in this county where he passed his whole life, quietly pursuing the avocations of a husbandman, and by precept and example demonstrating his fit- ness for the position of deacon in the Old Mennonite Church, which honorable office he held for a long period. David Herr married Miss Susan Schenk, and they became the parents of nine children, these being Rev. Christian, a good and holy man, now de- ceased, a faithful minister in the faith of the Old Mennonite Church; Susan, deceased, who was the wife of John Charles ; David, who is a retired far- mer of Manor township ; Henry, deceased, who was a farmer of Lancaster township; Annie, deceased, who was the wife of Jacob La,ndis, a miller of Manor township ; Rudolph S., the subject of this biography ; Daniel, who is a retired farmer of Penn township ; Abram, who is a farmer on the old homestead, in Lancaster township ; and Mary, who is the widow of Philip Bausman. Rudolph S. Herr was born in Lancaster town- ship Feb. 17, 1827, and he was reared a farmer boy. His education was acquired in the common schools of his locality, and later, with his manly strength and energy, he began his farming opera- tions, his field of work being the estate upon which he has ever since resided. In 1899 he permitted the management to fall upon younger shoulders, living • somewhat retired since that date. Although a very thorough agriculturist, Mr. Herr had time and abil- ity to enter into other enterprises, also. In 1890 Mr. Herr established a large ice plant on his farm, and very soon, with the assistance of his sons, a large business was built up in this desirable com- modity, but in 1900 it was bought by the ice trust. Mr. Herr has also engaged considerably in the handling of real estate, and is probably better posted ' on the values of country property through this State than any other citizen. In politics he has always been a member of the Republican party, and has served for an extended period as school director. The marriage of Mr. Herr was to Miss Magde- line Landis, who was a daughter of John and Annie Landis, and to this union were born twelve children, six of whom died in childhood, the survivors being: Lizzie L., at heme; John, a farmer; Rudolph L., a farmer in Manor township ; Christian, a farmer of Lancaster township ; Jacob, one of the partners In the ice business : and Magdelina, the wife of Henry Harnish, of Pequea township. The farm at the old homestead is managed by Mr. Herr's son, John, a very capable and reliable young man. Mr. Herr is widely known and universally re- spected. Few men in this locality have been more prominently identified with progressive enterprises beneficial to the community. His membership in the Old Mennonite Church has existed since his early days. .As citizen, friend and neighbor Mr. Herr enjoys the respect of every one. THOMAS BENTON HAMBLETON. Promi- nent among the honorable and thrifty citizens of Drumore township, few are more highly esteemed than Thomas Benton Hambleton, who is a merchant and the popular postmaster at Fernglen. He was born Jan. 4, 1836, in Fulton township, a son of Elias BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 653 and Martha (Kinsey) Hambleton, the latter being a native of Drumore township. James Hambleton, the great-grandfather of Thomas B. Hambleton, came to America from Eng- land and settled in early days in Bucks county. Pa., and his son, James, became the progenitor of a numerous family which has settled in many States. Elias Hambleton, the father of Thomas B., was a son of James and Hannah Hambleton, of Dru-, more township, born in 1801. He died in Drumore township, in 1872. On Oct. 29, 1829, he was mar- ried to Miss Martha Kinsey, of McConnelsville, Morgan Co., Ohio, who was born May 12, 1805, a daughter of Benjamin and Margaret Kinsey; she died Sept. 5, 1880. The children born to this mar- riage numbered eleven, as follows : Joseph P., who was a farmer of Drvimore township ; Margaret Ann, widow of William McLaughlin, of Martic township, now of Drumore township ; Benjamin K., a car- penter in Martic township ; Thomas Benton, sub- ject of this sketch ; Walter F., deceased ; Miss Mary E., who resided at Fairfield, Pa., until her death, Oct. 20, 1901 ; James, who died young; Hannah, who is also deceased: Elias H., of Drumore town- ship ; Rankin G., of Fulton township ; and Albert, of Kansas. Thomas Benton Hambleton was reared on his father's farm and received exceptional educational, advantages, beginning in the common schools of his district, then entered the Chestnut Level Acad- emy and later the Millersville Normal School, after which he entered upon the profession of teaching, and very successfully followed it for a period cov- ering several years. Among the earliest of the enthusiastic and loyal citizens who responded in 1861 to the call for de- fenders of the country was Thomas B. Hambleton, who volunteered on Sept. 30th of that year, be- coming a member of Co. E, 79th P. V. I., under Capt. M. D. Wickersham and Col. H. A. Ham- bright. They were assigned to the 14th Army Corps, which was under the command of the ven- erated Gen. George H. Thomas. Mr. Hambleton saw much hard service, taking part in many en- gagements. On May 29, 1862, Gen. James S. Neg- ley commanded an expedition in front of Chatta- nooga, Tenn., of which Col. H. A. Hambright, of the 79th P. V. I., had command of the troops im- mediately in front of the city on June 7 and 8. The expedition started from Columbia, Tenn., May 29th, and after a march of over 192 miles reached the heights opposite Chattanooga — the first Union troops ever in front of the city — in the afternoon of June 7, 1862. This feint preceded the battle of Perryville, Ky., Oct. 8, 1862, in which the 79th Pennsylvania lost thirtv-seven per cent, of those engaged. Other engagements in which Mr. Ham- bleton participated with his regiment were: the battle of Stone River ; Hoover's Gap, Tenn. ; Talla- homa; Chickamauga; in the skirmishes around Chattanooga and Missionary Ridge ; then on toward Atlanta, where the troops were continually exposed ; with Gen. Sherman in his march to the sea. Later his regiment went up through the Carolinas, thence on to Richmond, and to Washington, where Mr. Hambleton took part in that memorable review, which still stirs the hearts of all who witnessed it and felt its significance. In that city our subject was honorably discharged July 12, 1865. Although not entirely disabled, Mr. Hambleton did not es- cape all injury, having been badly wounded at Hoover's Gap, Tenn., and was also slightly wounded in the knee at Chickamauga. After the close of the war Mr. Hambleton re- turned home and as soon as he could rearrange his life to peaceful pursuits again he found his old patrons awaiting him, and he took up his old pro- fession. In 1 87 1 he came to Fernglen and opened up a mercantile business which has proved emi- nently successful, owing to his upright business methods and his willingness to cater to the reason- able wishes of his patrons. In 1891 he was ap- pointed postmaster, and is the only one ever located in Fernglen, giving perfect satisfaction to all con- cerned. On Oct. 19, 1871, Thomas B. Hambleton was married to Miss Mary E. Lamborn, of Martic town- ship, who was born June 22, 1840, daughter of Smedley and Margaret (Bolton) Lamborn, the for- mer of whom was a son of George Lamborn, who reared a large family in Chester county, and was a leading member of the Society of Friends. Mrs. Hambleton was one of a family of eleven children, namely: George S., who is a farmer of Martic township; Aquilla B., of Little Britain township; Emeline, who was the wife of Joseph Shoemaker, deceased; Elwood : William Lewis; Mary Elizabeth, wife of our subject; Sarah Ellen, wife of Jacob K. Brown, a farmer of Fulton township, of whom more extended mention can be found elsewhere ; Alice A., wife of William L. Shoemaker, a thrifty farmer, of whom more extended notice is given elsewhere; Priscilla, who died young; Lucinda, wife of B; F. Tennis, of Drumore township; and Lydia, wife of Amos P. Smith, of whom extended mention is made in another place. Mr. Hambleton is one of the leading citizens of this locality, and is especially noted for his upright- ness of life and most estimable character. He has been a life-long Republican and carries out in his life the simplicity of the Quaker belief. In his busi- ness he is alert and energetic, but thoroughly hon- est and reliable. He owns a most comfortable dwelling, a fine stock of goods, with large ware- house, and considerable property, all of which has been acquired by legitimate methods. Mr. Hamble- ton is a member of Post No. 566, G. A. R., and is the secretary of Co. E, 79th P. V. V. I., which meets annually for a three-days encampment. He has in his possession a most interesting diary which he kept of his life during the Civil war, giving an ac- count of each day's proceedings during his nearly 654 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY four years of continuous service. He is also the possessor of a very large library; many books of very valuable research, among them being fifteen volumes of The Encyclopedia of Universal Knowl- edge. He has revisited many of the sanguinary battlefields in Tennessee and Georgia since the war, and has in his possession many relics of those hard- fought contests. MICHAEL B. MUSSER, a retired farmer of the township of East Donegal, and a man whose character and standing are the very highest among those who know him best, was born in West Done- gal township, Aug. 15, 1831, a son of Benjamin E. and Elizabeth (Brenner) Musser, born in East Donegal and Mt. Joy townships, respectively. Benjamin E. Musser was born Aug. 14, 1810, and was accidentally killed in Herington, Kan., Sept. 23, 1884. He was in Kansas buying property, and was accompanied by his sons, Henry and Michael B. They had driven into the country to complete the purchase of a section of land, had accomplished their purpose, and were returning to town, when they drove through a ravine, and the occupants were thrown out of the wagon, Michael B., falling first but escaping serious injury. The father received such injuries that he died very shortly after being taken up. The body was brought back to Pennsyl- vania, and was buried in the Brethren in Christ Cemetery in East Donegal township. Mr. Musser belonged to the River Brethren Church, and posses- sed considerable property in his old age, being able to retire from active work in 1862. His wife, Eliza- beth Brenner, died May 25, 1880, at the age of sixty-eight years. To Benjamin E. and Elizabeth (Brenner) Musser were born the following chil- dren : Mary, who married Jacob Flory, and lives in Ohio ; Michael B. ; John, who died in Kansas ; Susie, who married Jacob Musser, now deceased : Benjamin, a minister in Franklin county, Pa. ; Henry, of Florin; Martha, wife of Daniel Heisey; Annie, who married Rev. John Kuntz, of Union Deposit; and Amos, of Harrisburg, Pa., a deacon in the Messiah Home, which he helped to organize. The paternal grandparents of Michael B. Musser were Henry and Mary (Engle) Musser, both na- tives of Donegal township, where they were honest farming people. Mr. Musser died a young man, and his widow married Jacob Hershey for her sec- ond husband, by whom she had no children. To her first husband she bore the following children: Benjamin; Susannah, who married John Gish, who was a Bishop of the River Brethren Church; Martha, wife of Michael Hoffman; and Anna M., the wife of Jacob Engle. The maternal grandparents of Michael B. Mus- ser were Philip and Anna M. (Singhaus) Brenner. Mr. Brenner was born Nov. 11, 1752, and died July I, 1836. Both he and his wife were natives of Lan- caster county, and were buried in the Cross Roads Cemetery, township of East Donegal. The maternal great-grandparents of Mr. Musser were Michael and Susannah (Hoffman) Brenner, who lived and died in Lancaster county, and were buried in the Kraybill Meeting House Cemetery, in East Done- gal township. Michael B. Musser was married in West Hemp- field township, to Catharine Musser, and there were born to this union four children, Elizabeth M., wife of Rev. A. Z. Hess, of the township of East Donegal ; Eli M. ; Anna, wife of Benjamin Niss- ley ; and Martha, wife of Hiram Wolgemuth, of East Donegal township. Mrs. Catharine Musser was born in West Hemp- field township, Nov. 13, 1832, a daughter of Christ and Catherine (Newcomer) Musser. Her father was a farmer of Lancaster county, and lived to be eighty-eight years old. Her mother reached the same age, and both were buried on the farm. They were members of the York Brethren Church. Their children were: Anna, widow of Christ Sheetz, of Rapho township; Miss Barbara, living on the old farm, as does also her sister. Miss Mary ; Catharine ; Christ, a farmer in West Hempfield township ; John, also a West Hempfield farmer ; Tobias, a farmer in Rapho township ; Joseph, a farmer in the township of Rapho ; and Martha, deceased. Mr. Musser has been on the farm where he is now living since the age of eleven years, and is a man of most industrious and exemplary habits. As a member of the Cross Roads River Brethren Church, his life is squared by his faith to an uncom- mon extent, and the esteem in which his associates hold him is attested by the fact that he has been deacon of the church for twenty years. In local afl'airs he is a very prominent man, and may be fairly called one of the representative men of the tovvnship. Eli M. Musser (deceased), only son of Michael B. JMusser, was born July 29, 1859, on the farm where he died in December, 1896. His re- mains were buried in the Cross Roads River Breth- ren Church Cemetery. He was married in Nov., 1880, in j\It. Joy township, to Mary Wolgemuth, by whom he became the father of the following children : Irvin W., who remains at home and culti- vates the family estate with a skilled and workman- like manner, rarely found in so young a man; and Anna W., Katie W., Mary W., Barbara W., and Martha W., all at home. Mrs. Mary (Wolgemuth) Musser was born in Mt. Joy township, a daughter of Rev. Joseph and Barbara (Nissley) Wolgemuth, both of whom died in Mt. Joy township, the father in December, 1884, at the age of sixty-two years, and the mother in March, 1892, at the age of seventy- two years. Both were members of the River Breth- ren Church, of which he was a preacher fif- teen years. Born to this union were : Daniel, a farmer in the township of Mt. Joy ; Martin, a re- tired farmer of West Donegal township ; Anna, wife of Levi Mumma, living on the old homestead ; Aaron who died young; and Mary. The paternal grand- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 655 parents of Mrs. Eli Musser were Daniel and Bar- bara (Witmer) Wolgemuth, both natives of Lan- caster county, who lived and died in the township of Mt. Joy. Her maternal grandparents were Martin and Lizzie (Hershey) Nissley, who spent their lives in Lancaster county. Eli M. Musser was a member of the River Breth- ren Church, and had served as a deacon in that com- munion two years at the time of his death. Mr. Musser was one of the prominent people of the township, and displayed those manly qualities so well worthy of commemoration. JOHN N. WOODS. The Woods and the Mc- Causland families, from whom descended John N. Woods, of Salisbury township, were among the early settlers of Lancaster county. Two brothers, Thomas and Adam Woods, emigrated to America and lo- cated in Lancaster county, Jr'a., in Leacock township, near Intercourse, about 1743, the McCausland emi- grants having come some time early in the eighteenth century. Thomas married Mary Scott, from near Conestoga Creek, and Adam married Margaret Montgomery. The latter had no children, but Thomas reared nine of the twelve born to him. All of his daughters married in other localities. One son, Adam, left home and located in Kentucky where he amassed a fortune, but never married. David, the eldest son of Thomas Woods, married Ann McCaus- land, and they became the grandparents of John N. Woods. William McCausland, grandfather of the wife of David Woods, married Jane Burney, a native of Ireland who inherited land in the northern part of that country, and they emigrated to America on ac- count of religious persecution. They brought with them six of their children, leaving the eldest son. John, to finish his apprenticeship to the wheelwright trade. The second son was Alexander, and soon af- ter reaching this country, he was placed by his parents in the classical school kept by Dr. Allison, who was pastor of the First Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia, located on Washington Square. Later Alexander McCausland became a well-known physican. and married Dr. Allison's daughter. John N. Woods, a retired farmer and highly esteemed citizen of Gap, Pa., is a worthy represent- ative of these fine, sturdy, self-respecting old fam- ilies. He was born Oct. 15, 1839, in Leacock town- ship, a son of T. Scott and Caroline (Cooper) Woods, the latter of whom was born on the farm now occupied by Scott Woods, Jr., but owned by our subject. This farm was bought in 1741 from William Penn, by John Cooper, and inherited from him by his son Col. John Cooper, who at his death left it to his son, also named John, who was the father of Mrs. Caroline (Cooper) Woods. Upon the death of John Cooper, in 1844, the farm passed out of the name of Cooper through its inher- itance by Mrs. Woods. From Mrs. Woods it came into the possession of her son, John N. Woods, whose desire is to have it remain in the family through his sons and their descendants. By mar- riage Mr. Woods' family is connected with Colonel David Watson, a Revolutionary soldier of distinc- tion, through whom Miss Grace, daughter of our subject, is a member of Donegal Chapter, Daugh- ters of the Revolution. T. Scott Woods, the father of John N., was not cnh' a well-known and substantial farmer in Para- dise township, but was one of the leading citizens of ihe county. He was one of the founders and also a director of the First National Bank of Lancaster, held all of the township offices of note, and for two terms was the efficient director of the County Poor Farm. He died in 1874, at the age of sixty-nine years. His wife, Caroline Cooper, had preceded him, in 1843, ^^ the age of forty-three years, and both were .biu-ied in the cemetery attached to the old Leacock Presbyterian Church, of which religious body they had been consistent members. Their chil- dren were as follows : David, who was killed in 1875, in a railroad wreck; John N., of this sketch; and N. Milton, who is a resident of Paradise town- ship and president of the First National Bank, of Lancaster. John N. Woods was raised on his father's farm, and like all farmers' sons of that day and generation was taught that labor was as honorable as it was necessary. He attended the district schools in his neighborhood for a , time, and was then sent to a school in Lititz taught by Mr. John Beck. This was followed by a course in the Mt. Joy Academy, after which he finished his education in Benjamin Hallowell's Academy, in Alexandria, Va. After his marriage he continued to engage in farming, following an agricultural life until 1899, when he retired from business 'activity and removed to his pleasant home in Gap. Mr. Woods has very effic- iently filled a number of important township and county positions. For one term he was Prison In- spector, and has served a long period as school di- rector. For thirty years he has been a director in the Lancaster Mutual Fire Insurance Co., and for ten years has been its president. In politics he has been a life-long Republican. In January, 1862, Mr. Woods was united in marriage to Miss Susan Eckert, in Paradise town- ship, and a family of seven children has been born to them : George M., a farmer in Leacock town- ship, married Jane Kinzer, and they have children as follows, Jean K., Esther, Catherine, John and George B. : Caroline C. married Herbert Brinton, now retired and residing in Elwyn, Delaware county, and they have two children, Charles W. and Helen W. ; Mary married Samuel McCausland, a commis- sion merchant in Chicago, 111., and they have two children, John W. and Catherine ; Sarah died at the age of five years ; Miss Elizabeth E. and Miss Grace reside at home ; and T. Scott, who resides in Lea- cock town.ship, married Mabel Showalter, and they have one child, Elizabeth. Both Mr. Woods and 656 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY wife are valued members of the Presbyterian Church in which he has been a trustee for many years. Mrs. Susan (Eckert) Woods was born in Para- dise township, in March, 1838, daughter of Lewis and Sarah J. (.Slaymaker) Eckert, the former of whom was a miller who lived on Pequea Creek, in Paradise township. He died in 1868, at the age of sixty-two years, a highly respected man and a lead- ing member of the Presbyterian Church. The mother of Mrs. Woods died in 1874, in Lancaster, aged sixty-five years, and both parents were buried in the old Leacock Church cemetery. They had the followmg children: George, deceased; Mary J., married to William Holtzworth; John Howard, a commission merchant in Cincinnati, Ohio ; Susan C, wife of John N. Woods ; Elizabeth, deceased wife of Albert Carpenter, an attorney; Albert, Nathan and Lovinia, deceased; and Charles W., a merchant in Lancaster. Mr. and Mrs. Woods belong to a pleas- ant social circle in Gap, where they are most highly esteemed. Time has dealt very kindly with them, and they still enjoy offering a generous hospitality to relatives and friends, of whom they have a great number. JOSEPH HAEFNER, proprietor of the Em- pire Brewery, one of the largest enterprises of the kind in Lancaster, is a native of Germany, born in Ganstadt bei Bamberg, Sept. 3, 1848, son of John B. and Barbara (Stall) Haefner. John B. Haefner, father of Joseph Haefner, was also a native of Germany, and for twenty years conducted a brewery in his native country, doing a large business and performing the duties of a promi- nent citizen. His death took place in 1899, when he was aged seventy-eight years. His wife died in 1893, at the age of seventy-two years. Both were worthy members of the Catholic Church. Mr. and Mrs. Haefner had the following children : John B. (deceased) also followed the brewing business; Peter resides in Germany and follows the butcher business ; Joseph is mentioned below ; Lizzie mar- ried Gottleib Smith, a farmer in Montgomery county, Pa. ; Anna married William Kurtz, who conducts a hotel in Lancaster ; Lena married Law- rence Rateline, a farmer in Germany. Joseph Haefner learned his trade in Germany with his father, with whom he remained until he was sixteen years of age, then securing work in other breweries, where he continued until coming to America, in 1872. For two years he was em- ployed in Rupert's brewery, in New York, going then to Union Hill, N. J., where he remained one year. Coming to Lancaster, he served one year in Henry Frank's brewery, and then went to Reading, where his knowledge of the business secured him a good position with Fred. Lauer, with whom he remained six years. Mr. Haefner then went to Pottsville, and in partnership with Peter Lauer and Lawrence Smith operated the Archard brew- ery for two years, and then for about five years was in Philadelphia. In 1886 Mr. Haefner returned to Lancaster and bought of Florence Knapp his pres- ent plant, which he has enlarged to thrice its origi- nal dimensions, and has more than trebled its pro- ducing capacity. This immense plant covers at present a half acre of ground and gives employ- ment to twenty men. It is fitted with all modem improvements and is the only brewery in the lo- cality which manufactures its own ice. This busi- ness was established in 1868 by Lawrence Knapp, and since Mr. Haefner became its proprietor has grown in importance until it ranks with the leading industries of the city. Mr. Haefner is independent in politics. He takes a deep interest in everything looking to the advancement of the community, and votes for those whom he deems will best carry out his ideas. Fra- ternally he belongs to the B. P. O. E. and the Brewers' Association. In person Mr. Haefner ex- emplifies the best class of prosperous German- American citizens. Genial, pleasant, liberal in his benefactions and charitable to the poor, he has many in Lancaster who delight to call him friend. He has won his way to success through his own efforts, and well deserves the good fortune which has attended him. In 1874, in Lancaster, Mr. Haefner was united in marriage to Margaret Fisher, daughter of Raphael Fisher, who operated a hotel in Lancaster for a number of years. He died in 1893, at the age of seventy-four years, and his wife died in 1884. They were members of the Catholic Church, and were interred in the Catholic cemetery. The following named children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Haefner : Mary, who died at the age of four years ; Miss Elizabeth, at home ; and Anna, Joseph, Catherine, Lauer and Margaret. Mr. Haefner built his present fine home, opposite his place of business, in 1890. LEVI HAVERSTICK, of Washington bor- ough, Lancaster Co., Pa., was born Jan. 13, 1824, and descends from one of the oldest German famil- ies of this county, a brief record of whom is given in the following paragraphs. The great-grandfather of Levi was the first of the Haverstick family to come to America, and on arriving in Lancaster county, Pa., his only worldly property, as tradition has it, was an ax. His home was established on the banks of the Conestoga river, about two miles southwest of the now city of Lan- caster, and there he passed the remainder of his life. Jacob Haverstick, the son of the aforesaid emi- grant and grandfather of Levi, was reared on his fa- ther's Conestoga farm, to which he became the heir. He added to it several other tracts of land, which he placed under cultivation, and became one of the wealthiest farmers of his township. Jacob reared a family of six children, of whom the eldest, Abraham, succeeded to the Conestoga homestead ; John became the father of Levi, whose name opens this sketch; ^^V, ^^^^^4^:-^:*^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 657 Jacob passed his life on ik as follows: George P., who died young; Martha E., a well- known resident of Lancaster ; John P., who died young; and Carl P., who is a successful dentist, in Lancaster. Mi.s.s Martha E. Stamm is highly regarded in Lancaster, in real estate and building circles, her business ability being quite unusual. She possesses most excellent judgment, and Lancaster is indebted to her for the enterprise she has shown in purchas- ing vacant and unimproved property and erecting handsome residences which are attractive and com- fortable, and large business houses which contrib- ute to the appearance of the city, as well as add to its commercial facilities. The family is well known, and Mr. Stamm was one of the city's representative men. JOHN EDWIN RATHFON, who entered into rest on the night of Oct. 4, 1902, at his residence on North Duke street, was one of the best-known fig- ures in the business circles of Lancaster. Indeed, he was widely known in all circles — church, social and business — and everywhere he was spoken of in terms of the highest esteem, for he had a smile and a kind word for everybody, rich or poor; all being alike to him, so far as their worldly condition was concerned. Mr. Rathfon was born and reared in Lancaster, receiving a good education, and at the completion of his studies, he entered the store of Myers & Rath- fon (his father, the venerable Jacob Rathfon, now eighty-four years old, being a^member of that firm) , where he became manager, and a very popular and efficient one he proved. He died in the midst of his busy and useful career, in his fifty-first year. Hi.e ancestral history will be found in the sketch of his father, elsewhere in these annals, while the ancestry of his wife, who survives, will be found in the sketches of H. E. Slaymaker and George D. Sprech- er-^Mr. Rathfon's wife having been Miss Lillian Reigart, daughter of the late John Reigart, who was in the post office department, the Reigart his- tory appearing very fullv in connection with H. E. Slaymaker, whose grandfather, on his mother's side. was Adam Reigart; while the ancestry of her mother's people is fully given in the sketch of George D. Sprecher, who is a brother of Mrs. Rath- fon's mother. The history of these three families, the Reigarts, the Sprechers and the Rathfons, is ex- tensive as well as interesting. Mr. Rathfon's mother preceded him to the grave, but he had one sister, Mrs. Mary Ellen Rine, widow of the late Christian Rine, a prominent leaf tobacco dealer, and two brothers, J. Harry Rathfon, city treasurer of Lancaster, and Gilbert B. Rathfon, freight agent of the New York, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad, at Buffalo. An only son, William E., clerk in the Fulton National Bank, also survives. Mr. Rathfon was a member of the LutHeran Church of the Holy Trinity. He was a director of the Union Trust Co., of Lancaster, a concern in which he took great interest, and which he lived barely long enough to see launched in its handsome home on East King street. Liberal in all his views, progressive at all times, courteous and honorable in all his dealings, his taking oflE in the midst of his usefulness has been universally regretted. EZRA WISSLER, for many years one of the progressive farmers of Clay township, was a son of lacob and Anna (Eby) Wissler, and was born in Elizabeth, now Clay township, on the old Groff homestead, May 6, 1809. On Nov. 24, 1831, he married Mary Fahnestock Bauman, and began farming on the old homestead. He purchased the first threshing machine in his community, and did the threshing for quite a distance, around. In 1839- 40 he built a house and barn on part of the old Groff homestead, then mostly timber land, which he cleared gradually. In 1876 Mr. Wissler sold the farm to Henry S. Brubaker and removed to Brun- nerville, Pa., where he built himself a house, and where both his sons resided, Aaron having the foundry and machine shop, and John B. the store. Here his wife died in 1886, after which he had a housekeeper until his death, which occurred Nov. 3, 1891, when he was aged eighty-two years, five, months and twenty-seven days, after an illness of over six months occasioned by pneumonia. Jacob Wissler, father of Ezra, was born in Clay township in 1778, son of Andrew Wissler, and was one of the successful farmers of his day, following agricultural pursuits until his death which oc- curred in 1853. He had prospered by thrift and in- dustry, and at the time of his death owned four farms. He was a man of considerable energy, and made three journeys to Canada on horseback. He was one of the Old Mennonites of Lancaster coun- ty, but did not ignore altogether the law of self-de- fense, and one of his descendants still cherishes the cane with which he defended himself against the at- tack of an Indian, when on one of the trips mention- ed. In 1800 Jacob Wissler married Anna, daughter of Christian Eby, and ten children were born to them, namely: Andrew, a farmer and merchant. 666 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY who moved to Michigan, where he died; Jacob, a farmer; Christian, a miller and farmer; Ezra, our subject jjroper; Magdelena, wife of Jacob Landes, of Ephrata township; Levi, a farmer and tanner; Sem, a miller of Canada; Mary, wife of Levi Erb; Miss Catherine, deceased ; and John, a tanner, who died in Virginia. The first member of the branch of the Wissler family in America sailed with his wife from Ger- many to Philadelphia in 1720. On the voyage, to- gether with other able-bodied men on the vessel, he was impressed into the naval service by a man-of- war. His wife continued the journey to Philadel- phia, where he joined her on the expiration of his term of service. She was employed by a farmer of Germantown, and he also took service with a farm- er in that locality, where they passed the remainder of their lives. Andrew Wissler, their son, removed to Lancaster county, Pa., where he entered the em- ploy of Jacob Groff, an extensive farmer in what is now Clay township. In 1767 he married the onlv daughter of his employer, through whom he became the owner of the old Groff homestead, which was taken up in 1724 by John Jacob. Groff, father of Ja- cob. It was divided into four farms by Jacob Wiss- ler, son of Andrew, as mentioned elsewhere, but has ever since remained in the Wissler family. Andrew had two sons, John and Jacob, the former of whom died unmarried. John.Bauman Wissler, voungest son of Ezra Wissler, was born in the old homestead May 30, 1836, and in his early years worked on his father's farm, meantime attending common school and a term at the Lititz Academy, under Professor John Beck. There he mastered English, German text and German script writing. He entered the store of Samuel B. Myers, of Rothsville, as book-keeper, continuing thus for one year, when Mr. Myers sold out and removed to Virginia, after which our sub- ject taught school for three terms, working on the home farm during the summer vacation. In 1857 Mr. Wissler married Caroline C. Eberly, daughter of Henry and Sabina (Markel) Eberly, of Clay township, and by her had four children : the eldest, Mary Cecilia, died of diphtheria in her eighteenth year; the second, a son, died of efysipelas when twenty-nine days old ; the third, Alice Olivia, is married to A. E. Lane, of Clay, Lancaster county, by whom she has three children, a daughter,. Alice W., and two sons, Abram and John Wissler Lane ; the fourth, Sabina Louise, is unmarried and living at home. After his marriage Mr. Wissler intended to farm, but land was so high in price at the time that it was considered unprofitable to buy, and the Brun- nerville (the Whitehall) store stand being sold on account of the death of Levi H. Yundt, the proprie- tor, the latter was purchased by Ezra Wissler, the father, for his son John B. Mr. Wissler rented it from his father until T877, when circumstances be- yond John B. Wissler's control induced his father to give him the deed to the store property. He kept the store from 1858 to 1892, had the Brunnerville post office established in 1861, and held it as post- master until 1892, when he resigned the office and retired from business, selling his stock of goods to his son-in-law A. E. Lane. Mrs. Wissler died May ro, 1898, of gastritis and heart failure after an ill- ness of over four months. REV. JONAS H. HESS. The Hess family is one of the old and honorable ones of Lancaster county. Jacob Hess, the founder of the family there, took up land in Warwick township in 1734, the property since remaining a valued possession in the family. Rev. John Hess, son of Jacob and grandfather of Rev. Jonas H., was born in the old homestead in 1768, and there lived and died. He gave his atten- tion to farming through a long life. In 1800 he was ordained a minister of the Gospel of the Old Men- nonite denomination, and he died Nov. 27, 1830. His first wife was Esther Hershey, and their children were ; Christian, who was a farmer near Rothsville, Pa. ; Henry ; Susannah, who was the wife of Joseph Eberly ; Esther, who died at the age of sixteen; Annie, who was the wife of Christian Oberholtzer ; Barbara, who died at the age of eight years ; Martha, who was the wife of Samuel Ober-" holtzer; and Samuel, who died at the age of one year. Henry Hess, son of Rev. John and father of Rev. Jonas H., was born on the old homestead Jan. 17, 1794, and early in life adopted the vocation of farming, following the same with industry, until within about five years prior to his death, which oc- curred June 13, 1867. His religion was the faith of the Old Mennonites. Henry Hess married Cath- erine Huber, and they had a family of thirteen chil- dren, all except one of whom lived to maturity : Ja- cob, who was a miller of Lancaster county, Susan- nah, the wife of Isaac Huber ; Catherine,- who died unmarried ; Henry, a farmer of Penn township ; Es- ther, wife of Joel Eby ; Fanny, wife of John H. Bru- baker ; John, a farmer of Warwick township ; Sam- uel, deceased, was a miller of Elizabeth township; Martin, a farmer of Manheim township; Levi, a farmer of Penn township; Annie, wife of John Franck; and Jonas H. Rev. Jonas H. Hess was born on the old Hess homestead March 13, 1841, and he lived, with his father until he was about twenty-three years of age. His education was acquired in the public schools, and he then settled down to an agricultural life on the old homestead. Always a man of serious thought and reflection, on Sept. 5, 1889, he was ordained to the ministrv of the Old Mennonite Church by Bishop Jacob N. Brubaker, of Mt. Joy, a most wise and pious man. In Mr. Hess the church has found a faithful and zealous worker, one who is noted for his exemplary life and exalted char- acter. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 667 On Sept. 30, 1862, Rev. Jonas H. Hess was united in marriage with Annie S. Franck, a daugh- ter of Christian and Catherine Franck, and to this union have been born eight children: Lizzie, wife of Henry R. Bucher ; Catherine, wife of Amos, N. Musser; Christian, farmer on one of his father's farms ; Annie, who died when six months old ; Fan- nie F., at home; Henry F., at Lititz; Jonas, who died at the age of four ; and Ellen F,, at home. Rev. Jonas H. Hess is one of Lancaster county's most respected citizens, and is justly regarded as a representative both in his church and in his neigh- borhood. While his interests are claimed by his ministerial office, he is fully alive to those enter- prises which pt-omise to benefit his locality in an agricultural or in a business way. ARCHIBALD LIGHTNER HENDERSON (deceased), at one time one of the leading citizens and most substantial agriculturists of Salisbury township, Lancaster county, was' born there, on his father's farm. May 19, 1803, passed his entire life on the homestead, and there died Dec. 5, 1869; his remains were interred in the Compassville St. John's Episcopal Church cemetery, in Chester county. William Henderson, father of Archibald L., was born June 8, 1775, and farming was also his occu- pation through life. When a lad he was appointed a midshipman by President Tdhn Adams, but for some reason did not accept the commission. On Aug. 5, 1800, he married Rachel Lightner, who was born Nov. 14, 1777, and died Jan. 22, 1808. The death of William Henderson occurred April 11, 1853, and the remains of both were laid to rest in the cemetery of the Compassville St. John's Episco- pal Church, in Chester county. Following are the names and dates of birth and death of the children born to Williarri and Rachel (Lightner) Henderson, besides Archibald L. : William A., born June 6, i8or, died Sept. 8, 1819; Lorenzo N., M. D., born Sept. 14, 1805, died Dec. 4, 1844; Rachel L., born Dec. 26, 1807, died in infancy. On Oct. 2, i860, Archibald L. Henderson mar- ried, at the home of the bride — a farm adjoining the Henderson homestead — Miss Margaret Ann Linvill, to which union were born the following named children: (i) Rachel died in infancy. (2) William H., born Aug. 14, 1863, died in Connells- ville, Fayette county, March .31, 1901, and his re- mains, which were brought home for burial, were interred in Compassville St. John's Episcopal Church cemetery. He was a civil engineer by pro- fession, and was superintendent of the Light, Heat & Power Company and the Trolley Company at Connellsville, and surveyor of the company's lines originally. He married Sarah Ann Livingston, who went with her husband to Connellsville Jan. i, 1896, returning to the homestead at his death. To Will- iam and Sarah Ann (Livingston) Henderson were born three children : John L. (deceased), Ruth and Margaret. (3) John, a member of the Denny Tag & Envelope Company of Chicago, 111., married Emma Kempton, who has borne him three children, George L., Walter S. and Robert J. (4) Lightner, of the firrn of Purdy & Henderson, of New York and Chicago, civil engineers of construction of steel buildings, is a graduate of the Lehigh University. He married Hannah Manson, of Chicago, 111. (5) Helen is still at home. Mrs. Margaret Ann (Linvill) Henderson was born April 8, 1827, daughter of John and Margaret (Hoar) Linvill, of Salisbury township. They lived on a farm adjoining that on which their daugh- ter (Mrs. Henderson) was born. John Linvill (now deceased) was a very prominent farmer and a leading citizen in Salisbury township, and for some years was a member of the board of school directors. His was a life of true usefulness, and was rounded out to a ripe old age, his death occurring in 1874, when he was eighty-one years old ; his wife sur- vived him until October, 1885, being called away at the greatly advanced age of ninety years. Both were members of the Society of Friends, and their remains rest in the. old Sadsbury Friends' ceme- tery, but the memory of them and their many vir- tues is still fondly cherished by those who knew them best in life. The late Archibald L. Henderson was a young man when he was elected a justice of the peace, but his decisions were never appealed; he was also a surveyor and conveyancer for several years, and was noted for his accuracy. His declining years were passed in retirement, and he died a member of the Episcopal Church. In politics Mr. Henderson was a Democrat, but he was never an office seeker,. He was a natural-born mechanic, was practical in all things; was industrious and thrifty, upright, charitable and broadminded, and but few men in the township were more honored for personal merit and public spirit. ■ DAVID M. EYER, of East Donegal township, Lancaster county, president of the First National Brink of Marietta, and general farmer, was born in Lebanon county, Sept. 7, 1830, a son of John and Leah (Moyer) Eyer, natives, respectively, of Frank- lin and Lebanon counties. In 1845 the family came to East Donegal township, where John Eyer fol- lowed farming on a river farm until his death in 1890, when eighty-four years old, although for some years prior to this event he had withdrawn from active work. His widow lived until 1895, when she passed away at the age of eighty years ; and her re- mains were interred beside her husband's in East Donegal cemetery. The children born to this couple were seven in number, and were in order of birth, as follows: David M., whose name opens this biography; Benjamin and Eliza- beth, deceased; Henry, a farmer in Abilene, Kan.; Samuel, farming in East Donegal township ; Fannie, wife of Dr. Christopher Gish, of Brookville, Ohio; 668 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and Anna, who died unmarried. John Eyer, pater- nal grandfather of David M., was a farmer in Frank- lin county, and his maternal grandfather, Benjamin Moyer, was proprietor of an extensive flour and clover-seed mill in Lebanon county. David M. Eyer was but fourteen years of age when brought to Lancaster county, and here, for the first three years he worked out as a farm hand. He then joined his father and worked on the home farm in East Donegal township until twenty-four years old, then rented a farm from Henry Musser. A year later he purchased a farm of 105 acres ; he has since purchased two additional farms, and now owns two in East Donegal and one in Conoy town- ship, but he still resides on his original purchase which he devotes to general farming. Mr. Eyer has been twice married. His first bride, whom he wedded in East Donegal township in 1855, was Miss Mary Musser, who was born in the township, a daughter of Henry and Elizabeth (Geish) Musser, and to this marriage were born eight children, viz. : Ellen, who died unmarried at the age of thirty years ; John, who died when thirty-nine and was also unmarried ; Elizabeth, who became the wife of Simon C. Heisey, and died when twenty-eight, the mother of one son, Horace ; Fanny, who also became the wife of Simon C. Heisey, and died without issue : Henry M., who died, aged twen- ty-nine years ; Alice, who married Amos Shank, now residing on her father's farm, and has three chil- dren ; Mary, who died when sixteen years old ; and Anna, who died when eighteen ; Mrs. Eyer died June 4, 1876. The second marriage of Mr. Eyer took place May 30, 1878, in East Donegal township, to Miss Catherine S. Lenhart, but to this marriage no children have been born. Mrs. Catherine S. (Lenhart) Eyer was born in East Hempfield township Oct. 22, 1834, a daughter of George and Elizabeth (Sheets) Lenhart, of White Oak, Lancaster county. George Lenhart was a carpenter and builder in his early manhood, but later in life followed agricultural pursuits. He was called away March 9, 1888, at ninety-one years of age, and his wife died on the i8th of the same month, in the same year, when aged eighty-two, both dying in the faith of the River Brethren Church. They were the parents of nine children, viz. ; Cyrus, who died in Kansas ; Anna, wife of Samuel Hoff- man, retired farmer of East Donegal township ; Ja- cob, deceased ; Catherine S., now Mrs. Eyer ; Eliza- beth, married to Jacob Herr, a farmer ; Martha, who died young: Sophia, an invalid; Maria, wife of Henry Eyer, retired and living in Kansas ; and Barbara, married to Michael Smith, of East Done- gal township. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Catherine S. Ever were George and Barbara (Hol- linger) Lenhart, of Lancaster county, and the ma- ternal grandparents were Frederick and Catherine Sheets, also of this county. David M. Eyer was elected a director in the First National Bank of Marietta in 1880, and in 1899 was elected its president. He has been treas- urer of the East Donegal Cemetery Co. from its or- ganization in 1873, and for twelve years was direc- tor of the Marietta & Maytown Turnpike Co. and its president for five years. He is emphatically a self-made man in the business sense of that term, has always led a moral and upright course, has been industrious and thrifty, and is now one of the most substantial citizens of East Donegal township. Re- ligiously, he is a member of the River Brethren Church. HON. JACOB L. STEINMETZ, member of the Lancaster Bar, ex-member of the Legislature, finan- cier and builder, and owner of many valuable prop- erties, has for many years been one of the most conspicuous figures in Lancaster county. Mr. Steinmetz is descended from that sturdy and intelligent German stock that had so much to do with the early settlement of Pennsylvania. His grandfather, Charles Steinmetz, was born in Ger- many, and, coming to this country, settled near Ephrata, of which he was one of the founders, and there h^ entered into rest at the age of seventy-seven years. His wife, whose maiden name was Beaver, lived to be ninety-three years of age. Of their eight children, two died at the age of ninety-two years, two at eighty-eight years, and another died at eighty-seven years. Jacob Steinmetz, father of Hon. Jacob L., was born near Ephrata, this county. On reaching man- hood, he purchased valuable property at South Ahnville, Lebanon county, where he engaged ex-. tensively in farming, passing to his reward when in the prime of manhood, in 1851. His wife was Catherine Gross, daughter of John Gross, of Ephrata, who was an extensive landowner, as well as largely engaged at merchandising. He served as postmaster, was one of the organizers of the Lan- caster County National Bank, was one of the pro^ moters and leading stockholders in the Horseshoe Turnpike Co., and, in brief, was one of the most prominent men of his section. The wife of John Gross was a daughter of Col. John Wright, a colonel in the Revolutionary war, this making Hon. Jacob L. Steinmetz (the grandson) a true son of the American Revolution. Hon. Jacob L. Steinmetz was born at South Annville, Lebanon Co., Pa., Aug. 22, 1845. His early education was received in the public schools, biit later he attended the Annville Academy and Dickinson Seminary, at Williamsport, graduating from the latter institution with the degree of Bach- elor of Arts. Next we find him in the University of Michigan, from the literarv department of which he was graduated with the degree of Master of Arts, and from the law department with the degree of Bachelor of Laws. At the University he was a member, and at one time president, of the Webster Literary Society, and it was there that his forensic powers, which later in Hfe made him the powerful J ^^lAAJ^Mv^y^Y^^ SlJLVAV/VYViW BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 669 advocate, first attracted attention. In 1870 Mr. Steinmetz began the practice of law in Lancaster, and from that time on his career as a member of the Lancaster Bar was a continuous triumph. Those who were constantly in attendance at the sessions of all the courts of Lancaster, during all the years in which Mr. Steinmetz won his early battles, cer- tainly found no man at the Bar more earnest, more searching or more successful during all those years. As counsel in leaf tobacco cases, involving immense sums of money, Mr. Steinmetz was so successful that his name became a "tower of strength" not only through Pennsylvania, but in other States. Like his father, Mr. Steinmetz was a stanch Democrat, and in 1876 he was a dele- gate to the National Convention at St. Louis that nominated Tilden for the Presidency; the same year he (Mr. Steinmetz) was elected to the Penn- sylvania Legislature from the city district of Lan- caster, overcoming a large Republican majority, and he performed the duties of his office with rare fidelity and intelligence; After his term in the Legislature he withdrew from active participation in politics, devoting himself to the practice of his profession and to the upbuilding of the city which he had chosen for his permanent home. In Jan- uary, 1890, he was elected president of the People's National Bank of Lancaster, and in January, 1892, he was instrumental in the organization of the People's Trust, Savings & Deposit Company, of which he was made the head, as well as the head of the Citizens Electric Light, Heat & Power Co., and of the Clay & Hinkletown Turnpike Co. In a word, there was scarcely a movement looking to the material and financial upbuilding of Lancaster, for many, many years, with which Mr. Steinmetz was not identified. The Steinmetz building, at the corner of North Queen and Grant streets (running back half a block to Christian street, and many stories in height) is a monument to the enterprise which Mr. Steinmetz has shown in the line of build- ing operations, while "Hotel Cocalico," which he built in the beautiful borough of Ephrata, will be an enduring monument to the liberality, enterprise and good taste of its builder, for it is justly rated as one of the finest resorts in the State. On Feb. 5, 1890, Mr. Steinmetz married Miss Mary Virginia Hawthorn, daughter of the late James Clemsen Hawthorn, and from this union one child was born — Hawthorn Steinmetz, now a bright lad of twelve years, attending "Rumsey Hall," at Seneca Falls, N. Y., where he is a member of the Junior Sons of the Revolution, an organization in which he is entitled to membership on both sides, for father and mother are descended from Revolu- tionary ancestry. Mrs. Steinmetz, who is not only a "Daughter of the Revolution," but a "Colonial Dame" (of whom there are comparatively few in this section), has an ancestry of which she may well feel proud — an ancestry, indeed, which few people possess. Her father, James -Clemsen Hawthorn, was born June 14, 1812, and her mother, Mary Louisa Eberman, on Sept. 14, of the same year — 1812. James C. Hawthorn, who died Jan. 20, 1875, was a brilliant and most lovable man, well remembered by some of the older people of the community. In early man- hood, he was principal of the Model School at Millersville, and was destined for the ministry, hav- ing already been licensed to preach. -His first ser- mon was preached in the United Presbyterian Church at Old Octoraro, but the effort — a most notable one — resulted in the bursting of a blood- vessel, and this changed his whole career. He be- came a planter, removing to Winchester, Frederick Co., Vo., where Mary Virginia Hawthorn, now Mrs. Steinmetz, was born. While she was an infant in arms her parents fled because of the war of the Re- bellion, coming North, where they ever after resided. They crossed the Potomac in a flat boat, bathing the face of the future Mrs. Steinmetz in the waters of that historic stream. They came to Lancaster, where their daughter, Virginia (named after her native State), spent her girlhood days and received her education. The grandfather of Mrs. Steinmetz on her mother's side was John Eberman, who was born Oct. 28, 1776, and died Nov. 25, 1846, after having served for twenty-five years as cashier of the Far- mers' Bank of Lancaster. Sarah Elizabeth Eber- man, wife of John Eberman, was born Jan. 30, 1789, and died May 10, 1865. She was a daughter of Dr. Samuel Fahnestock, one of Lancaster's most noted medical doctors, and sister of the late Dr. William Baker Fahnestock, also a noted physi- cian of Lancaster, whose son, Henry R. Fahnestock, now lives retired on East King street, after having held clerkships in the Lancaster postoffice under Presidents Pierce and Buchanan, and been connect- ed with the Steinman hardware store for thirty- seven years. Dr. Samuel Fahnestock married Barbara Becker (afterward Anglicized to Baker), Rev. Henry Muhlenberg performing the ceremony. Samuel Hawthorn, grandfather of Mrs. Steinmetz, was a gentleman of the "old school," courtly and dignified, and wore a queue to the day of his death. He was an extensive landowner, and among his possessions was "Hawthorn Mill," which was for many years a landmark near the Old Octoraro Church, in which Samuel Hawthorn was an elder, for he was of Scotch-Irish origin and one of the strictest of Presbyterians. The ancestry of Mrs. Steinmetz goes back much farther than this. She is descended from the Clemsens, who were of the nobility, and who were among the earliest Swedish settlers on the Delaware. Their settlement on the banks of < the Delaware dates back to 1638. Her line is through James Clemsen, James (2) and James (3). The latter was a member of the Pennsylvania Legisla- ture, where he served on important committees, as- sisted in settling the Independence of the Colonies, was a justice of the peace before the Revolution, 670 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and was elected a delegate to the general county convention in 1774, to take action against British tyranny, voting to resist it. He was a justice of the peace, and judge of the common pleas in and for the county of Lancaster, representing Sadsbury and Salisbury as early as 1790. James Clemsen (i) lived and died in Philadelphia. He took up tracts of land from the Penn grant in 17 16, locating these tracts in the Pequea Valley. He gave to his son, James Clemsen (2), 400 acres of land near White Horse, Salisbury township; to his son John he gave another tract of 400 acres, which was afterward known as Buckley's Forge ; and to a third son, Thomas, he gave the tract of land now known as Gap Station. James Clemsen (i) was a son of Jacob Clemsen, who was one of the Swedes who settled on the Delaware in 1656. His son, James, married Jeane Coates, who came from England with her father, Thomas Coates, in 1682. Tradition tells us that they were related to William Penn, and this was their motto: "We are among those who believe that any who care not about their early origin, care little as to anything higher." [See Rupp's and Harris's histories, as well as the archives of Pennsylvania.] James Wilson, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, as well as a signer of the Constitution of 1779, was the brother of the great-grandmother of Mrs. Steinmetz ; while another of her ancestors. Gen. Heard, whose broad acres were located two miles north of Christiana, was a general in the war of 1812. In fact it is impossible in a sketch intended to have a place with other genealogical sketches in one book, however large that book might be, to give in complete detail all the branches belonging to such a family tree as that of Mrs. Steinmetz. It would involve not only those already mentioned, but the Andrews, McCaulley, Doran and Beyers families — all substantial people, the McCaulleys referred to being John and James ; the contested will of the latter — in which he be- queathed $50,000 to the Extension fund of the Presbyterian Church — was the most noted will case ever tried in Lancaster county. Mr. and Mrs. Steinmetz are now living in their beautiful "Hotel Cocalico," at Ephrata, having closed, for the present, their elegant home on North Duke street, Lancaster, one of the finest in the city. Mr. Steinmetz visited Europe in 1889, and again in 1894, and Mrs. Steinmetz has paid four visits to the continent. She is not only a member of the Daughters of the Revolution and of the Colonial Dames, but is active and prominent in the Iris Club, Lancaster's leading social and literary club for women. Both parents are justly proud of their only, child. Hawthorn, whose grandest, most en- during inheritance will be his historic and honored ancestry. DAVID B. HUBER, of Manheim township, who is living retired at Fruitville, is one of the old and enterprising citizens of Lancaster county. Mr. Huber was born Dec. 17, 1837, on the family home- stead iij Leacock township, and when twelve years of age came to Manheim township with his parents, where he has made his home. His education was received in the common schools, and by observation and reflection he has become a man of much intelli- gence, reading widely and thinking profoundly and deeply. Mr. Huber remained with his parents until 1859, when he was married and began farming on a part of the family homestead. A few years later he bought an adjoining place of sixty-eight acres, on which he lived for thirty-six years before his re- tirement from active labors. During this long and industrious career Mr. Huber has become prosper- ous and owns six farms, with substantial improve- ments. In 1900 he put up a beautiful modern resi- dence in which he expects to pass his remaining years. Mr. Huber is a director in the Fruitville, and the Manheim & Penn Turnpike companies. In the Western Market House also he is a director, and he is always ready to take an active interest in anything that looks to the public good. Mr. Huber was married in September, 1859, to Miss Fannie, a daughter of the Rev. Christian Bom- berger, of Warwick township. She died July 17, 1862, leaving one child, Levi B., now a farmer in Landis Valley, who married Elizabeth Stauifer,, by whom he has had nine children: Cora, Anna, Liz- zie, Harry, David, Benjamin, Christian, Enos and John. David B. Huber married for his second wife. Miss Caroline, a daughter of Jacob and Hetty (Reist) Dohner, the wedding occurring Jan. 31, 1865. She was born in Penn township Nov. 27, 1840. This union has been blessed with the follow- ing children : Annie, who married Henry McNally, a farmer and dairyman of Hamilton, Ont., and has four children, Harry D., Carrie M., Herbert N. and Edward S. ; Jacob, who died at twenty years of age : Fannie, who died in infancy ; David D., a farmer in Manheim township, on the family home- stead, who married Fannie Rohrer, of East Hemp- field township ; John D., who died when about five years old ; Lizzie, deceased at the age of three years ; and Mary, wife of Milton G. Brubaker, residing at Fruitville. Mr. and Mrs. Huber, Levi B. and Mrs. Mary Brubaker are members of the Mennonite Church, and are among the most worthy and respected citi- zens of the community. For fifteen years he has been a member of the school hoard in Manheim towiiship. Mr. Huber has been an extensive trav- eler, and as he is a close observer he has profited mqch by his journeying abroad. He is a model fs^rmer, and received a medal and diploma for an exhibition of oats made at the World's Columbian Exposition. "When the Sabbath School was started at Petersburg by the Mennonite Church, Mr. Hu- ber was made the first superintendent, and he has ha,d the pleasure of seeing many of the younger peo- ple pass from the Sunday School into the Church. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 671 MICHAEL G. SHINDLE (originally spelled Schindle), dealer in tobacco and coal, and also en- gaged in the fire insurance business in Mountville, Lancaster county, was born Jan. ii, 1837, in West. Hempfield, this county, a mile and a half northeast of his present place of business. His parents, Jo- seph and Sarah (Gross) .Shindle, were natives of Manor and East Hempfield townships, respectively, Joseph Shindle was a farmer, and he died in Manor township Sept. 25, i860, at the age of forty-nine years and six months. His wife preceded him to the grave April 16, 1847, ^t the age of forty-two years, both dying in the faith of the Lutheran Church. Their remains were interred at Mount- ville. They had born to them three children, name- ly : Michael G., whose name opens this paragraph ; Mary A., who died in 1849 ; and Harriet, who died in 1888, the wife of Ephraim Hershey, of Manor township, and tlie mother of two children. / We have no definite information concerriing the early members of the Shindle family in this country. In 175 1 came John Peter Schindle, who located in Lebanon county. Pa. In 1755 John Michael Schindle came hither from Germany, settling in Lancaster county, Pa. In 1771 came two brothers, John Conrad and Joseph George, who also settled in Lancaster county. Michael G. Shindle is sup- posed to have been a descendant of John Michael, who was born July 31, 1729, in Euerlebach, Erbach, in what is now Hessen-Darmstadt, Germany, son of John Conrad and Susannah (Trixler) Schindle. John Michael, it is supposed, was the great-grandfa- ther of Michael G., the subject of this sketch; his grandfather was named Michael. Our subject's ma- ternal grandparents' were George and Elizabeth Gross, farming people of East Hempfield township. Michael G. Shindle remained on the home farm until i860, when he came to Mountville, and settled there, and built his present home in 1864. He at once opened a coal yard, and had his farming done by hired lielp. He was soon appointed freight and ticket agent for the Pennsylvania Railway Co., and acted in that capacity twenty- two years (1866 to 1888). Mr. Shindle has never abandoned the coal trade since coming to Mountville, and in 1869 began buying, packing and selling tobacco.. Michael G. Shindle has been twice married. In 1857, in Hempfield township, he wedded Barbara Stauffer, who was born in West Hempfield town- ship, daughter of Henry Stauffer, and to this union were born three children, namely: Florence, wife of Adam B. Fisher, freight and ticket agent for the Pennsylvania Railway Co., at Mountville; Sadie, -wife of Dr. David R. Summy, of Columbus, Ohio ; and Miss Silvene, residing with her sister Sadie. Mrs. Barbara (Stauffer) Shindle was called away in 1 89 1, at the age of fifty-one years, and her re- mains were interred in the Mountville cemetery. In 1893, in Lancaster City, Michael G. Shindle took for his second helpmate, Mrs. Barbara (Klugh) Musser, a widow, and a native of Mountville, daugh- ter of Charles and Eliza Klugh, of West Hempfield township. Mrs. Shindle was first married to Amos S. Musser, who was a farmer all his life and died in 1887, leaving her with four children: Harvey K., who is a baker in Lancaster; Miami, wife of George E. Griffin, in the real estate and insurance business in Philadelphia ; Stanton, a machinist, who is unmarried ; and Mabel, residing with Mr. Shindle. Michael G. Shindle was one of the incorporators of the Mountville Manufacturing Co., and was the general manager and secretary of that concern from the start, in 1888, until he resigned the office in 1895. He was also one of the incorporators of the Mount- ville National Bank, of which he was a director for six years, and then resigned. In October, 1900, he was made secretary of the Penn Township Mutual Fire Insurance Association, of which he has been for many years a member, and in 1896 was elected a di- rector. In politics he is a Republican, but has steadily refused to accept public office, although he is in eveiy respect one of the most public-spirited citizens of Lancaster county. JACOB S. HERSHEY, one of the business cit- izens of Junction, Penn township, is an estimable member of one of the prominent old families of Lan- caster county. Martin Hershey, his grandfather, lived and died in Dauphin county. Pa., where he carried on the business of distilling in connection with his farming. He was the father of these children : Isaac, a farmer in Dauphin county, who became a politician and served as register of deeds ; Henry, a farmer of Dau- phin county ; Joseph, who moved to Ohio and farmed there ; Jacob, a farmer of Dauphin county ; John, also a farmer of the same county; and Martin, the father of Jacob S., of this sketch, who was born in 1801. In his early business life, Martin Hershey, the father of Jacob S., was a distiller, later became a farmer and about 1829 or 1830, he removed to Lan- caster county and settled near the place where Jacob S., subject of this sketch, now resides. Here he erected a distillery and managed it in connection with his farming operations. His death occurred in 1881. In politics, Martin Hershey was a Republi- can, and he held the office of school director for some years. The marriage of Martin Hershey was to Elizabeth Suavely, and they were the parents of four children, two of whom died in in:^ncy. Of the others, Reuben went to Minnesota and died there, leaving Jacob S., the only surviving member of the family. Both parents were worthy members of the Old Mennonite Church. Jacob S. Hershey was born in Penn township, March 23, 1836, and remained in the family home, after finishing his education, until he was twenty- four years of age. Upon a tract of land in Penn township, he began his own agricultural .career, succeeding in a marked degree for five years, giving that line up in order to embark in the mercantile 672 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY business in the town of Junction. This business grew in volume through nineteen years, when Mr. Hershey went into the coal and leaf tobacco busi- ness, and has also been successful in that line. The same principles which conduced to make him a suc- cessful merchant through so many years, are still followed in his present business, and he has the con- fidence and good will of his whole community. In 1867 he was appointed postmaster, and he filled the duties of the position as long as he continued in the mercantile line. Mr. Hershey was married to Miss Anna Cassel, and to this union were born two children, Louisa C, who died at the age of twenty-one years ; and Lizzie C, the wife of Martin E. Gross, a farmer of Penn township. Mr. Hershey is one of the progressive, energetip and capable business men of Lancaster county, widely known and most highly respected. MAN SELL REED, a retired farmer residing in South Hermitage, Salisbury township, Lancaster county, although born on Southern soil and of Quak- er parentage, was one of the defenders of his coun- try's flag. Mansell Reed was born in Cecil county, Md., Sept. 8, 1838, a son of William and Margaret (Lit- tle) Reed, of the State of Delaware, where the moth- er died in 1845, when thirty-five years old, the father dying in Chester county, Pa., in 1861, at sixty years of age, both in the faith of the Society of Friends. They were the parents of three children, viz : Man- sell ; Mary, deceased wife of Rev. William P. White, a Presbyterian clergyman, to whom she has borne four children ; and Elizabeth, who died at the age of fifteen years. The parents of William Reed were Ezekie! and Mary (Mansfield) Reed, of Delaware, the former of whom was a farmer and died in West Chester, Pa. The parents of Margaret (Little) Reed were Thomas and Elizabeth Little, of Okeas- sen, Del., also farming people. Mansell Reed was but seven years of age when brought to Salisbury township by an uncle, John McGill, a merchant with whom Mansell lived in South Hermitage until twenty-two years old, as- sisting in the store. He then found other employ- ment for a year or two, and in May, 1863, enlisted at Lancaster in Co. F, I22d P. V. I., under Capt. John Bair as commander of the company.' The most im- portant battles in which he took part were those of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, but he also par- ticipated in numerous skirmishes, and after nine months of active service was honorably discharged at Harrisburg. For the two following years he served as an extra on a wagon train in Washington, D. C, at the termination of which time he returned to South Hermitage, Pa., and for a year was em- ployed in a general store : thence he went to Mount Pleasant, clerked in a store two years ; then for two years was a clerk in a store at Compassville, and finally came to his present property in South Her- mitage. There he erected his comfortable dwelling in 1876, and employed himself in farming until 1898, when impaired health caused his retirement. The marriage of Mansell Reed took place in New Holland, Lancaster county, March 19, 1866, to Miss Catherihe Diem, who has borne him four chil- dren, namely : Elizabeth, wife of Carson Sterling, a liveryman of New Holland, and mother of three children, David Reed, Robert Franklin and William Chester; Bertha, who died young; Daisy, who died an infant ; and Chester, who still resides with his pa- rents. Mrs. Catherine (Diem) Reed is a native of Salisbury township, was born June 5, 1837, and is a daughter of Kennedy and Hester (Brower) Diem. Mansell Reed has ever been one of the most in- dustrious and enterprising of men, and had it not been that ill health caused his early retirement from business, the citizens of Salisbury township would have found great cause for congratulation from his residence in their midst. He is very public-spirited and has always been ready when his means permit- ted, to assist financially in the promotion of all pro- jects designed for the welfare of the public, being an ardent friend of public instruction and of the maintenance of good roads and such other conven- iences as are usually required by a progressive com- munity. His perceptive faculties are quick and com- prehensive, and he is never slow to see what is re- quired for the public good nor lax in rendering effi- cient aid in securing the means for filling such re- quirements. He is to a great extent what is known as a '-'self-made" man, and until overcome by illness was possessed of an immense amount of energy and business enterprise. Naturally of an aflfable dis- position and pleasing manners, he has made hosts of friends who hold him in the highest esteem, and in this esteem his estimable wife has a full share. Mr. and Mrs. Reed are devout members of the Pequea Presbyterian Church, and fraternally Mr. Reed is a member of the G. A. R. In politics he is a Republican, but has never desired office of any kind. GEORGE B. OWEN. One of the oldest, most promment and wealthy families of Lancaster county is that of Owen, Richard Owen having taken pos- session of the plantation now held by George B. Owen as early as 1723. The ship "Vine," William Preeson, master, ar- rived in the Delaware Sept. 17, 1684, from Dolserey, near Dolgelly, in Merionethshire, Wales. Robert Owen and wife Jane and son Lewis, Dr. Griffith Owen (also a son of Robert Owen), his wife Sarah and son Robert, and daughters Sarah and Elenor, were on this ship. Robert Owen settled on Duck creek, in Newcastle county, Del., where his son Ed- ward had previously settled. Robert Owen had nine sons, all of age at the time. He was a son of Hum- phrey Owen, descended from Lewis Owen, Baron of the Exchequer of North Wales, who was murdered in 1555- A few months after his arrival Robert Owen was appointed one of the justices of the peace for Newcastle county. He died before the end of his ELIZA OWEN BENJAMIN OWEN MARY B. OWEN GEORGE B. OWEN BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 673 term, and his son Richard was appointed in his stead, and it was Richard, the son of Richard, who located in Lancaster county after his marriage, in 1720, with Elizabeth Knauer, and who was at that time living in Uwchland township, Chester Co., Pa. The family were Quakers on arrival in the country, but neither Richard Owen, on arrival in Lancaster county, nor his wife were members of that Society. He may have been a Seventh-day Baptist, as at least two of his brothers left in Uwchland township certainly were. What gives color to this is that Bissell, the founder of the Ephrata Community, first located near to the plantation of Richard Owen. Be this as it may, it is certainly true that the grandchildren (the children of his son Benjamin), Jonathan, Benjamin and Ann, are the first of the family mentioned in the Lampeter Meeting Records. The children of Richard and Elizabeth Owen were Richard, Theopholis, Benjamin, Mary (wife of John MaxAvell), Anne (wife of Rich- ard Chiney), Sarah (wife of Peter Potts), and Jona- than. Richard Owen died in 1760, and, his sons Richard and Theophilus also being dead, the planta- tion was taken at the appraisement by his son Benja- min. Benjamin Owen was very successful, and at his death, in 1784, left the plantation of his father to his son Jonathan, and the one adjoining to his son Benjamin, making provision also for his daughter Ann, then the wife of John Williams. Jonathan Owen, son of Benjamin, and grandson of Richard, was born in Lancaster county, and was married May 17, 1787, to Mary Bonsall, of Darby (then in Ches- ter, now in Delaware county). Pa., and thereafter made his home in Delaware county, where all his children were born. He died there in 1821, and his wife, who survived until 1863, reached the advanced age of ninety-seven years. Benjamin Owen was born in Delaware county, six miles southwest of Philadelphia. In his early days he learned the trade of wheelwright, but in 1823 he removed to Upper Leacock township, Lancaster county, and there engaged in farming during the rest of his life. He was a man of fine mental equipment, and held many of the local offices. His death oc- curred in 1880, when he was aged eighty-seven, and his wife, Eliza Bender, died in 1877, at the age of sixty-two; they were buried in Heller's cemetery. Mr. Owen was of the Quaker belief, and Mrs. Owen was a fnember of the Reformed church. Two chil- dren only were born to them, George B. and Mary B., the latter dying in December, 1894. Mrs. Eliza (Bender) Owen was a daughter of George and Mary (Kinzer) Bender, of Earl township, where the father resided a short time, removing to Upper Leacock township, where he died in 1818 ; the mother survived until 1871, dying at the age of ninety-two years. Her second marriage was to William Wadely, by whom she had the following children : Amos ; Maria, who married Jeremiah Smith; George, who married Catherine Maltz, of Cumberland county; and Harriet, who married David Miller. Her chil- dren by George Bender were : Kinzer, who married 43 (first) Mary Weidler, and (second) her sister, Susan Weidler ; Margaret, who married Jacob Hull ; William, who died unmarried, in Mississippi; and Eliza, the mother of George B. Owen. Daniel Ben- der, the father of George Bender, was a soldier in the Revolutionary war. George B. Owen was born near Monterey, in Upper Leacock township, Oct. 31, 1835. He was educated in the public schools, and at New London Academy, in Chester county, under William F. Wy- ers, spending three terms at the latter institution. During the life of his parents and sister he remained on the old homestead, and he valued greatly this fine old farm, which has been in the possession of the fam- ily some one hundred and fifty years, but does not now reside upon it. Having no family ties, and pos- sessing ample means, Mr. Owen spends much time in travel, and has taken a very prominent part in pub- lic affairs in his county, serving for three years on the Republican County Committee. For a period of eighteen months he served as assistant assessor of United States Internal Revenue, his term ending on account of the abolishment of the office. Mr. Owen is prominently identified with the Masonic fraternity, being a Knight Templar, and connected with Lodge No. 43, in Lancaster. He is considered one of the representative citizens of this part of the county. HON. EMANUEL DYER ROATH, justice of the peace at Marietta, Lancaster county, and a gal- lant ex-officer of the war of the Rebellion, was born in Lancaster City, Oct. 4, 1820, a son of Jacob and Susan (Shireman) Roath, natives, respectively, of Maytown and Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Jacob Roath was a tailor by trade and was a member of the company which escorted Gen. Lafay- ette from Paoli to Lancaster, on the occasion of the second visit of that noble and philanthropic French- man to America. Jacob Roath died in Lancaster at the age of thirty-three years, and his wife, Susan (Shireman) Roath, removed to Harrisburg, where her death took place. Both she and her husband were members of the Reformed Church, and their rem.ains lie interred in the cemetery of that de- nomination at Maytown. Their four children were born in the following order : John C, a cabinet- malcer, died in Maytown ; Emanuel D. ; Jacob S., a shoemaker, died in Maytown; and Philip B., a farjner, died in the same village. The paternal grandparents of Hon. E. D. Roath were natives of Baden, Germany, and were early settlers in Lan- caster county. Pa. ; and of the maternal grandpar- ents, Jacob and Susan (Brenner) Shireman, the fa~ ther of Jacob was also born in Baden. The boyhood days of Emanuel D. Roath were passed at his mother's home. At the age of five years he was sent to the district school, where he learned the alphabet the first day. He continued on the farm until he had secured a sum of money to pay his ex- penses in a higher institution of instruction, and from eighteen until twenty-one years old attended 674 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the Shippensburg Academy. On reaching his ma- jority, he began working out on his own account, and when twenty-three commenced teaching — a pro- fession he followed for twelve consecutive winters in the district schools; for five summers, also, he taught a private school of his own. In 1852 Mr. Roath settled in Marietta, and for two years worked in a lumber yard. On March 18, 1854, he was elected a justice of the peace and was re-elected Oct. 10, 186 1. At Camp Curtin, Harris- burg, Mr. Roath was authorized by Gov. Curtin to raise a company of volunteers for service in the Civil war, the result being that he enrolled Co. E, 107th P. V. I., of which he was commissioned Captain, and he served until March i, 1865, when he was mustered out at Washington, D. C., being later breveted major by Presiiient Andrew Johnson, and breveted lieu- tenant colonel and later colonel hy Gov. John W. Geary. Following is a list of the engagements in which Capt. Roath took part while assisting in main- taining the integrity of his nation's flag: Cedar Mountain, Rappahannock Station, Thoroughfare Gap and second Bull Run, all in August, 1862; Chantilly (where he took command of his regiment). South iMountain (where he was second in command) and Antietam (where he was also second in com- mand and was wounded), all in September, 1862; Fredericksburg, Dec. 13, 1862, when his bri- gade charged the Rebels out of their entrenchments, and was under fire at the same place December 14th ; imder fire below Fredericksburg, April 30, 1863, and again May 2nd; at Chancellors ville May 3 and 4, 1863 ; was next in the Wilderness ; was wounded at Gettysburg July i, 1863, but kept on fighting on the 2nd and 3rd, having command of the regiment. He crossed the Rappahannock Aug. r, 1863, and was at Mine Run November 28th, 29th and 30th; was at Spottsylvania May r6, 17, 18, 1864, at North Anna, May 23, and at Bethesda May 30 ; Tolopotamy, June 2nd; Shady Grove Church, June 3d; White Oak Swamp, June 13th; near Norfolk and Peters- burg Railroad, June 17th, and captured it June i8th ; took the Weldon Railroad August 18. On Aug. 19, 1864, after sharp fighting, he was captured by the Rebels and confined in Libby prison until September, 1864, when he was shipped to Salis- bury, N. C, and held until Oct. 15th; thence he was transferred to Danville, Va., and in February, 1865, was returned to Libby Prison, was exchanged, and arrived at Annapolis, Md., February 22nd ; March i, 1865, he was mustered out as stated above. He re- turned to Marietta and officiated as a magistrate until October, 1867, when he was sent to the Legislature by the Republican party, of which he was an ardent member. Hon. Emanuel D, Roath has been twice married. At Elizabethtown, Pa., in the Reformed Church par- sonage, he wedded Susan R. Hippie, who bore him two children : George H., of whom a full biography is given on another page ; and Anna R., wife of Jacob Funk, of Marietta. Mrs. Susan R. (Hippie) Roath, was born in East Donegal township, Lancaster coun- ty. Pa., daughter of Samuel and Anna Hippie, v/ho came from Chester county in 1830 and were agri- cultural people; Mrs. Susan Roath died in 1854 at the age of twenty-eight years. In 1857, in Colum- bia, Mr. Roath married Harriet C. Young, a native of Marietta and a daughter of John and Catherine Young. She died in December, 1896, when forty- eight years old, leaving one child, Barcina H., wife of George Kame, a farmer of East Donegal. In 1858 Mr. Roath was first elected as the repre- sentative of his district in the State Legislature and served one term; in 1868 he was again elected to this body, and again served one term. He has been an Odd Fellow for the past fifty-seven years, and is the oldest member of the order in Lancaster county. He is a past State Councillor of the Order of Amer- ican Mechanics, and is a member of the National Council ; he is also a past Worshipful Master of the F. & A. M., and is a Knight Templar. Since 1865 he has been a vestryman of the Episcopal Church, of which he is a member. He was appointed brigade quartermaster of a brigade of the Lancaster county militia by Gen. Jacob Gross. For seven years he commanded a volunteer company of May town, called "The Jackson Fencibles," infantry. Mr. Roath has led a busy and useful life, and although now well advanced in years is still looked to for further ser- vice by a host of admiring friends. JOSEPPI C. YODER, D. D. S., whose well- appointed office is at No. 305 North Queen street, Lancaster, is a descendant of several of the oldest families in Pennsylvania. He is a son of Daniel C. and Elizabeth (Byler) Yoder, the former a farmer of Mifflin county. The Yoder family is descended from Mrs. Bar- bara Yoder, a native of Switzerland, who landed in Philadelphia prior to 1727 ; her husband died on the voyage and was buried at sea. (See P. 10, J. D. Rupp's collection of 30,000 names of immigrants in Pennsylvania). Christian Yoder, a grandson of Barbara, became a farmer and married Esther Hertz- ler, who was born and raised in Caernarvon town- ship, Lancaster county. By this marriage the Yo- ders and Hertzlers became most influential in Penn- sylvania. The Hertzler ancestors were originally from Switzerland. They made a stay of some years in France, but owing to religious persecution were obliged to find a new home. They were Amish Mennonites, or followers of Menno Simon. Jacob Hertzler, the ancestor of Mrs. Esther (Hertzler) Yoder, sailed from Rotterdam on the ship "St. An- drew," and arrived at Philadelphia Sept. 9, 1749. He located in Berne township, Lancaster county (now Berks county), and on Jan. 9, 1750, purchased 182 acres and 30 perches of land from Richard and Thomas Penn, in Philadelphia, paying one dollar and a quarter an acre. This tract he named "Con- tentment." Between 1750 and 1773 he added other BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 675 tracts to his original purchase, making in all 404 acres and 4 perches. Nearly all of the Hertslers have been agricultural people. The old homestead near Morgantown, Caernarvon township, is still in possession of the family, being occupied by Isaac Kurtz, whose wife was Elizabeth Hertzler, daugh- ter of Daniel Hertzler. (See Hertzler Genealogy, pp. 238-240) . This grand old place was visited' by Dr. Yoder in the summer of 1900, and he found it in fine condition, with beautiful surroundings. The stone barn, supposed to have been built by the emi- grant, Jacob, is in good state of preservation. There is also an old Pennock (Big Romanite) apple tree still hardy, which measures 10 feet 6 inches near the ground, and in September, 1902, it was estimated to have twenty-five bushels of apples. The Byler family, with which Dr. Yoder is con- nected on his mother's side, was planted in America by a Swiss emigrant, who landed in Philadelphia Oct. 8, 1737, having crossed the sea in the vessel "Charming Polly" (See Hertzler Genealogy, p. 133.) Dr. Joseph C. Yoder was born in Mifflin county Dec. 21, 1844, and was reared on a farm. He served part of an apprenticeship at the harness maker's trade in Ohio, but his natural love of learning in- duced him to abandon that work and seek an educa- tion. Part of his school days were passed in Kish- acoquillas Seminary, Mifflin Co., Pa. For two win- ters he taught in the public schools iii the Kishaco- quillas Valley, and attended the Seminary in the summers. In September, 1866, at the close of the Civil war, he went South, and near Jonesboro, in Washington Co., Tenn., he organized the George Washington Seminary, and here one of his first pu- pils was the lady who afterward became his wife. Later, in 1867, he united with Prof. S. Z. Sharp, a graduate of the Millersville (Pa.) State Normal school, at Maryville, Tenn., sixteen miles south of Knoxville, where for two years he was the principal assistant. While at Maryville, Mr. Yoder was united in marriage, July 21, 1869, with Seraphina Crosswhite, daughter of Elder Crosswhite, of Washington coun- ty, Tenn., the powerful pioneer preacher of the Ger- man Dunkards. The bride was a bright and cultured young woman, and for a year had been a most suc- cessful and popular teacher. In 1870 Dr. Yoder went to Kansas City, Mo., where he engaged in teaching, and was later em- ployed in the Armour Beef Packing Co. He was also engaged as weighmaster in a wholesale fur and bide establishment, and at various times as a book, fire insurance and fruit tree agent. In 1872, with his wife and son, Jesse D., he returned to his father- in-law's in Tennessee, and there taught school under the provision of the philanthropist George Peabody. While engaged in teaching he read medicine for three years under Drs. W. R. Sevier and E. L. Deadrick, of Jonesboro, but abandoned medicine for dentistry, becoming associated with Dr. John Lock, of Lewistown, Pa., a graduate of the Baltimore Col- lege of Dental Surgery, class of 1846. After practic- ing dentistry in Mifflin county for a time, he spent thirteen years of successful work in Huntingdon, Pa. In 1883 he passed an examination before a board of dental examiners. Dr. §. H. Guilford of Philadelphia, Dr. E. A. Magill of Erie (who was regarded as the father of dental associations in Penn- sylvania), Dr. Jesse C. Green of Westchester, and Dr. Gerhart of Lewisburg, and was licensed a pro- ficient dentist. In 1894 he opened an office in Lan- caster determined to make that attractive city his permanent home, and he soon built up a large and lu- crative practice. Dr. and Mrs. Yoder became the parents of three sons : (i) Jesse D., born in Kansas City, Mo., June 8, 1871, died when a lad. (2) Arthur Lee, born near Jonesboro, Tenn., Jan. 16, 1874, graduated in 1893 from the Juniata Normal College at Huntingdon, Pa., and in 1895 received the degree of M. E. and later B. S. from the Millersville State Normal. He taught school as first assistant at the Alexandria high school, at Huntingdon, and in the public schools near Mt. Joy. For two years he was principal of the LTnionville high school, but resigned to attend Franklin and Marshall College at Lancaster, Pa., from which he was graduated in June, 1902, with the degree of A. B. During his college course he taught night school, read meters for the Electric Light Co., 'and also served as a conductor on the trolley cars. He also filled the position of teacher of the .Scientific Class at the Millersville State Normal. In September, 1902, he began his duties as the head of the Scientific Department in the Steelton (Pa.) High school. (3) Ralph Earnest, born March 22, 1876, in Lewistown, Pa., was graduated in 1893 at the age of seventeen from the Juniata Normal Col- lege at Huntingdon, in the same class with his broth- er. He taught two schools in Huntingdon county. Pa., and became first assistant, as well as one of the organizers, with Dr. Hershey, of the Gap Academy in Lancaster county. For two years he taught in the public schools near Elizabethtown, and declined a third year in order to join his brother Arthur, and with him to enter Franklin and Marshall College. He graduated in June, 1902, with the degree of A. B. During his college course he was employed on the trolley cars as conductor and motorman. He is now principal of the Fulton township high school in Lancaster county. Both Arthur Lee and Ralph Earnest hold permanent State certificates as teachers. Dr. Yoder is a man of deep religious convic- tions, and is an earnest worker in all religious move- ments. He is a member of the First Mennonite Church, corner of Diamond and Fifth streets, Phila- delphia, and he is a member of the North American Mennonite Conference. Politically the Doctor was a Republican, having been a firm supporter of the martyred Lincoln, but is now a chartered member of the State Socialist party, having assisted in or- ganizing and placing a Socialist ticket in the field. He is one of the county Socialist campaign speakers. 676 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Mrs. Yoder and Arthur L. are members of the pro- gressive Dunkards, belonging to a church in Phila- delphia. Ralph E. Yoder is a member of St. Stephen's Reformed Church, the congregation meet- ing in the chapel in Franklin and Marshall College. Mrs. Yoder is a lady of culture, and has been a po- tent factor in the intellectual life of this city, being editor-in-chief of the Woman's edition of The Lan- caster Examiner, for the benefit of the General Hos- pital in Lancaster, an enterprise that netted over $600 for this worthy object. At another time she was the business manager for the Woman's edition of The Nezv Era, for the benefit of the W. C. T. U., of Lancaster, from which the sum' of $500 was real- ized. These ventures were the first of the kind in this part of the country, and elicited close criticism which was followed by warm admiration for the sig- nal ability displayed by Mrs. Yoder and her two colaborers. Misses Anna M. and Mary Martin. The late Dr. William H. Egle, then State Librarian of Pennsylvania, wrote Mrs. Yoder a very complimen- tary letter, asked for a copy of this special edition of The Examiner and placed it among the archives of the State Library. REES CLEMENS HIM.ES, in his life time a successful merchant and farmer, was born Jan. 8, 1800, in Honey brook, Chester Co., Pa., and he died on Spring Run farm in Lancaster county, May 18, 1849, '^i^'^l his remains were interred in the Bellevue Presbyterian Church cemetery, of which church he was a m.ember and trustee. Thomas and Catherine (Clemens) Himes, his parents, were of Welsh extraction, and were old and respected residents of Chester county. Thomas Himes died in April, 1808, aged fifty years, three months and seventeen days. His wife died March 5, 185 1, aged eighty years, ten months and thirteen days. Their children, all now deceased, were as fol- lows: George W., who married Joanna Sturges; Thomas, who married Susan Himes (of no known relationship), and was a prominent man in his day, being the manager of the Margaretta Iron Furnace ; Eliza, who became the wife of Thomas Whistler; Hannah, who wedded John Livergood ; Maria, who married Amos Kinzer ; and Rees Clemens. The early life of Rees C. Himes was one of ad- venture and stirring incident. In association with his brother George W. he became the possessor of a lead mine at Galena, 111., and if conditions and trans- portation had been as they now are, there is no doubt but the mine would have proved of immense value. At that time, however, work was necessarily slow, as while one brother worked at getting out the lead, the other had to guard it from thieves, and so, before any material benefit accrued, the brothers becanie dis- heartened and abandoned the enterprise. Their next adventure was in the purchase of land on the site of the present great city of St. Louis, Mo., but their operations were much disturbed by the hostility of the Indians. For some time Mr. Himes operated a grist and flour mill and did some farming, but later the brothers returned to Chester county. The first white child born in the city of Galena, 111., was Louisa daughter of George Himes and wife. In 1827 Mr. Himes embarked in the mercantile business in Hat- ville, Lancaster county, but in 1831 he bought the fine farm now occupied by his daughters, and re- mained there during the balance of his life. This property is known as Spring Run farm, and com- prises 1 10 acres of valuable land within one and one- half miles of Gap. It is now owned and managed by the three daughters of Mr. Himes, and is one of the most valuable farms in the locality. On Dec. 17, 1829, at the home of the bride, in Paradise township, Rees C. Himes was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Eckert, and to this union these children were born: Chnton, who married Sophia Mcllvaine Negley, and is a resident of Salis- bury township; George Clemens, who died young; Cecelia A., who married Rees C. Himes, a prominent and wealthy farmer residing in Shippensburg ; Misses Anna C, Susan A. and Martha L., who all reside on the old farm ; Newton T., who died young ; and Rees L., a justice of the peace, who resides in Kinzers and married Margaret Eckert. Mrs. Sarah (Eckert) Himes was born Nov. 21, iSti, in Paradise township, Lancaster county, and died Aug. 22, 1899, and was laid to rest by the side of her husband. She was a consistent member of Bellevue Presbyterian Church for many years. Her parents were George and Susan (Kerns) Eckert of Lancaster county, where the former was a farmer, and for many years a well-known miller in Paradise township. For years before his death, on Feb. 27, 1829, at the age of fifty-five years, five months and nine days, he had given up business cares into the hands of his son, Louis. His widow survived until June 14, 1840, her age being sixty-five years, eleven months and twenty-four days. They were buried in the cemetery attached to the German Re- formed Chiirch in New Holland, both being members of that religious body. Their children were as fol- lov/s : Jacob, who married Hannah Varns ; Henry, who married Elizabeth McNeal ; Lewis, who married Sarah Slaymaker ; Catherine, who married Henry Kinzer'; Ann, who married James Mcllvaine; and Sarah, who became the wife of Mr. Himes. When the Himes brothers started to Galena, III, they made the trip on horseback. Later George re- turned to Chester county and married and returned with his wife, this trip being made by wagon. Among the many gifts from home that weii't out to what was then far West, was a choice set of gilt-edged china, and as a remarkable fact it was not broken on the way and still is in a good state of preservation, and is carefully cherished in the possession of Rees C. Himes, a son, now of Shippensburg. REV. JACOB R. HERSHEY. The Hershey family is not only one of the most prominent, but also one of the oldest, families in Lancaster county. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 677 having been founded by three brothers of the name, in 1709, who came hither from their home in Switz- erland. Its descendants have been noted for their excellence as farmers, their intelligence and moral- ity as citizens, and for their influence in the Men- ■nonite Church. Rev. Jacob R. Hershey of Salisbury township is a worthy descendant of this family, perpetuating 'the uame of his grandfather Jacob Hershey, who was long a well-known farmer of Salisbury township. Jacob Hershey, the grandfather, married Anna New- comer, and they had children : John, Christian, Abraham and Joseph. The father of these children died in 1825, at the age of eighty years, his widow surviving until 1830, when she died at the age of eighty-one years. Bishop Joseph Hershey, son of Jacob, was for many years a bishop in the Mennonite Church, and by precept and example promulgated his belief. His home was on the old Hershey estate, in Salisbury township, where he died, in 1856, at the age of sixty- four years. His wife, Magdalena (Roop) Hershey, died April 19, 18S7, aged eighty-nine years and ten months, and was laid to rest by her husband's side in the old Hershey cemetery, in Salisbury township, this quiet spot having been a part of the original es- tate. The children born to this union were: Rev. Jacob R. ; Christian, who died at the age of eighteen years ; Barbara, deceased, who was the wife of David Hoover : Anna, who died young. ^ Rev. Jacob R. Hershey, son of Bishop Joseph and Magdalena (Roop) Hershey, was born on his pres- ent farm, Aug. 9, 1817, and grew to manhood on his father's farm. For many years he was a well-known agriculturist, retiring from active work in that line in 1877. Brought up under Christian influences, in a pious and godly home, with noble examples before him in his beloved parents, the young man early pro- fessed his faith, and became a minister in the Men- nonite Church. In 1858 he was ordained to the work, and for forty-four years he has been a faithful worker in tire field of usefulness in which he was placed. Fie is known and much beloved over a wide extent of territory, and particularly in the Old Road Hershey and Paradise charges, where his labors have been much blessed. Although no poli- tician, his sympathies have always been with the Re- publican party. For a long period he served as school director. Except four years on a neighboring farm, the one he now occupies has always been his home. Here he is surrounded by all that makes ad- vanced life comfortable, the center of loving relatives and friends, and he appears much younger than many of his contemporaries, as he reads without glasses, hears without effort, and in every way shows that Time has yet touched him very gently. On Nov. 29, 1839, ill Lancaster, Rev. Hershey was married to Margaret Eby, born July 14, 1819, in Salisbury township, daughter of Peter and Eliza- beth f Weaver) Eby, and sister of Bishop Eby. (For sketch of Eby family, see sketch of Bishop Peter Eby or Bishop Isaac Eby, of Paradise township, elsewhere in this volume). To Rev. Jacob R. and Mar'garet (Eby) Flershey were born nine children, of whom we have the following record : Josiah ; Magdalena, wife of John R. Buckwalter, of Kinzers, Pa. ; Peter, who went West, and has never been heard from; Ephraim, a farmer of Salisbury town- ship ; Mary, who married Christian Metzler, a farm- er of Paradise township ; Jacob E., a farmer in Salis- bury township ; Susan, wife of John S. Rohrer, a farmer of Salisbury township ; Lizzie, who died young; and Margaret, deceased. Ephraim Hershey, third son of Rev. Jacob R. arid Margaret (Eby) Hershey, was born on the old homestead in Salisbury township, Dec. 6, 1844. Un- til his marriage he remained under the parental roof, at that time taking charge of the old homestead and carrying on the farming operations there for three vears. Then he removed to his present farm of ninety-three acres, which he has developed in the same excellent manner. In his locality he is much esteemed, and he and family belong to the Mennonite Church. He belongs to no political party, casting his vote as he deems best for all concerned. On Jan. i, 1867,' Mr. Hershey was married to Susan E. Leaman, of Paradise township, and to this union were born the following children : Ira, a farmer of Salisbury township, married Sarah Kreider, and has six children ; Emma M., who niar- lied John G. Wenger, has four children and lives in Salisbury township ; Frank B., who married Lydia W. Buckwalter, is a farmer in Salisbury township ; and Omer E., Elam W., Ephraim K., Jacob R., Jr., and Alice W., all are at home. Mrs. Susan E. (Lea- man) Hershey was born May 3, 1845, i"^ Leacock township, daughter of Jacob and Lydia (Buck- ^valter) Leaman, the former of whom was a farmer, and for many years a school director of East Lam- peter township. He died in 1891, at the age of seventy years, and was buried in Mellinger's ceme- tery, near Lancaster. His widow resides in Para- dise township, with her daughter Mrs. John Kreider. Both Mr. and Mrs. Leaman were members of the Mennonite Church. J.\coi3 E. Hershey^ general farmer, was born in .Salisbury township, on his father's farm, Sept. 13, 1856, son of Rev. Jacob R. and Margaret (Eby) Hershey. He was reared to farm life, and has fol- lowed agricultural pursuits exclusively on this farm, all his active life, with the exception of three years spent on a neighboring estate. Mr. Hershey, like the other members of his family, is highly esteemed as a man of honesty and reliability, and belongs to a. family which is one of the most substantial in this part of Lancaster county. He has taken a deep in- terest in educational matters, and has served as school director for the past fifteen years. In politics he is a Republican. With his family he belongs to and assists in supporting the Mennonite Church. On Oct. 26, 1876, in Lancaster, Mr. Hershey was married to Miss Mary Esbenshade, and the children 678 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY born to this union were as follows : Herbert, at home; Clayton, who married Ella Buchwalter has one child, and lives in Paradise township; Milton, Elwood, Bertha, Mabel, Edna and Margerie are at home ; and Willis died young. Mrs. Mary (Esbenshade) Hershey, was born in Earl township, Nov. 25, 1852, daughter of Jacob and Susannah (Bushong) Esbenshade, of Lancaster county, both of whom died in East Earl township, where they were farming people all their lives. The father of Mrs. Hershey died in 1898, aged sixty-nine j'ears, and the mother died in August, 1901, aged' seventy-one years. Both parents were interred in Eaby's cemetery in Upper Leacock township,, having long been members of the German Baptist Church. They had these children born to them besides Mary, the wife of Jacob E. Hershey: Elizabeth, de- ceased, the wife of John Kochel ; Sarah, the wife of Rife Myers, a farmer of Earl township ; Emma, the wife of Frank Buckwalter, of Paradise township ; Susan, the wife of Elam Kreider, of West Leacock township ; Lydia, the wife of Martin Ebersole, of Paradise township ; Amanda, the wife of Walter Mays, of Ea.'-.t Earl township ; and Adam, a farmer of East Earl township. HENRY M. BRENEMAN (deceased). Though the temporal life of Henry M. Breneman was ended while he was yet comparatively young in years, having scarcely more than passed his forty- seventh birthday'' — a time in the career of an earnest and successful man when the future looks bright, when effort is redoubled and the glimmer of hope points to a season of rest and enjoyment in the dis- tant years to come, as the. fruition of worthy achieve- ment — -yet even in the brief span of time, encom- passed by the life of this exceeding well-doer, an impression for good was made by the influences ra- diating from his kindly and ennobled nature, wider and more lasting than can be readily perceived or measured. Aided by a devoted, intelligent, capable and cultured wife, he won recognition as one of the substantial, progressive and worthy representatives of Lancaster county. Henry M. Breneman was born in Manor town- ship March 10, 1832, son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Miller) Breneman. The parents were prominent and life-long residents of Lancaster county, where they reared a family of nine children, and lived to a good old age. These children were as follows: Nancy, widow of Abner Bausman, of Millersville, Pa.; Elizabeth, widow of Henry Herr, of East Hempfield township ; Barbara, wife of Henry Baus- man, of Manor township ; Jacob, of East Hempfield township; John, of California; Abraham and Kate, twins, the former a resident of Coldwater, Mich., the latter the deceased wife of Isaac Groflf; Henry M. ; and Sarah, deceased wife of Isaac Baumberger. Henry M. Breneman was reared on his father's farm and followed through life that vocation. He received in his youth a good common school educa- tion, and then seriously devoted himself to the life work so prematurely closed by death. He married in Lancaster county, Nov. 25, 1862, Miss Anna M. Greider, a native of West Hempfield township, and, as the daughter of Christian and Susannah (Miller) Greider, the representative of an old and prominent family of Lancaster county. Christian Greider was one of the old and influ- ential citizens of Lancaster county, son of John Greider, who for many years was a farmer and miller in West Hempfield township. Christian was born about 1799, and followed agriculture until well ad- vanced in life, when he retired, spending his last twenty years in the peace and comfort that crowned many active and successful years. He died in 1889, aged ninety years. His wife, Susannah Miller, pre- ceded him "to the grave many years, passing away in 1S64, aged fifty-seven years. They were faithful and prominent members of the Mennonite church, and were buried in the Landisville cemetery of that denomination. Susannah was the daughter of Ben- jamin Miller, a life-long farmer of Rapho township, and a member of the Mennonite church. To Chris- tian and Susannah (Miller) Greider were born chil- dren as follows : John M., who died in Ohio ; Chris- tian, who died on the old farm; Benjamin, who was a lumberman, coal merchant and malter at Mt. Joy, Pa. ; Elizabeth, who married Daniel Mellinger, and died in Virginia; Martha, who died j'oung; Mary, who died in infancy ; Jacob M., a retired farmer of West Hempfield township ; Susan, wife of Andrew Garber, of West Hempfield township ; Anna M., widow of Henry M. Breneman ; Mary, who for her first husband married Christian Rohrer, and is now the wife of John S. Nissley, a retired farmer of Mt. Joy ; Barbara, wife of Jacob McAllister, a farmer of Pequea township ; and Amos M., a farmer, now re- siding on the old homestead. The family was more than ordinarily active mentally, as shown by the fact that three of the sons taught school. To Henry M. and Anna M. (Greider) Brene- man was born a family of seven children, namely: Susan G., wife of W. L. Heisey, a merchant and ex- tensive farmer of West Donegal township ; Barbara, who died aged five years ; Christian G., a farmer of Rapho township ; Phares, a dealer in flour, grain and feed, at Columbia; Amos, at home; Henry, de- ceased ; and Abraham, at home. In 1877 Henry M. Breneman purchased and moved to the farm of ninety acres in West Hemp- field township, now occupied by his widow. Here he died two years later, April i, 1879, aged forty- seven years. In politics he was a stanch Republican, and in religion he held to the Mennonite faith of his forefathers. He had won the respect and high es- teem of the people of Lancaster county through th.e m.any sterling traits of character exemplified by his daily life. His widow and their younger sons con- tinue to occupy the home he had so briefly possessed, and in addition to general farming they successfully conducted there, from 1892 to 1901, an extensive BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 679 dairy business. They are communicants in the old Metmonite .church, and influential members of the social life of West Hempfield township. DANIEL HERE (Pequea). The name of Herr is inseparably connected with the moral and mate- rial growth of Lancaster county. Members of the family have for many years held honored places in the communities in which they have made their homes. The hoiTse of Herr is an ancient one. The fam- ily is of free or noble origin, and its "knights were brave and worthy." Large and valuable estates were owned in Schwaben, called Herrn of Bilried. The founder of the family was known as "Knight Hugo," the Herr or lord of Bilried. As far back as 1009 flourished a widely known family from whom the Herrs are descended, but in the fifteenth century several members resigned their nobility and joined the ranks of the citizens. These, however, retained their noble name and their coat of arms, as is shown by records in 1593, when John Herr, or Herr of Bilried, was granted by Emperor Ferdinand, a writ- ten testimonial, proving the right of his family to their coat of arms, and to their free and noble de- scent to the latest generation. By this testimonial the coat of arms yet rightly belongs to the family. All this is recorded in the Register of Noble Fam- ilies, with their Coats of Arms, Book 5, Page 258. In direct line from this ancient and honorable family comes Daniel Herr (Pequea), the subject. of this sketch. The founder of the family in America was Hans Plerr who emigrated from Switzerland. John Herr, son of Hans, became the father of Rev. John, and Rev. John, by his wife Frances became the father of Christian. Christian Herr married Maria Bowman, and their son. Rev. Christian mar- ried Anna Forrer. Daniel Herr (Pequea) was born in 1818, son of Rev. Christian and Anna (Forrer) Herr, and was reared in West Larnpeter township. He began his early active business career on a farm of 100 acres, now the property of his daughter Mrs. C. S. B. Herr in Strasburg township, located near the village of Refton. At several times he added small tracts to the original farm, and made his home on this place during his life. Although he began life as a farmer, and devoted attention to agricultural pursuits all his life, this did not by any means bar the way to other large and important enterprises. Soon after starting out on his own responsibility, he began the manufacture of grain drills, the first that were used in this part of the State of Pennsyl- vania, and was engaged thus for many years, during which time he also opened up a business in lime burning, and this became an important industry, his product being in demand over a very large terri- tory. He was awarded the contract for the lime used in the construction of the Millersville State Normal School, and many other equally large con- tracts. In addition to these interests, Daniel Herr became an investor in the pine lands in Potter county and the manufacture of lumber there, and later be- came a director in the Beaver Creek Lumber Co., of West Virginia, which at that time operated a tract of 10,000 acres, although of late years it has greatly increased its acreage. He was the owner of one-half of this land less one-eighteenth, and was one of the founders and first directors of this valu- able company. He founded the village of Refton, and was one of the founders and a director of the Lancaster & Quarryville R. R. Co., as well as one of the founders of the Beaver Creek R. R. Co., of West Virginia. He was also founder and director with others of the Beaver Valley Turnpike road, be- sides being a large land owner in Lancaster county. In financial circles Daniel Herr was an import- ant factor; he was one of the originators of the Strasburg National Bank, and for years was one of its directors ; he was a director in the Northern Mu- tual Insurance Co., and was one of the trustees of the Millersville State Normal school. At his death he left to his estate, with other large properties, eight-eighteenths of an interest in the large tract of land in West Virginia, consisting of both coal and timber land of great value. Politically he was an Old Line Whig, and later became a Republican, and was actively identified with the public affairs of the county, serving as treasurer, during the term of 1857, and for several terms as director of the Poor and a member of the school board. His death occurred Oct. 19, 1894. During the latter part of his life he was a member of the Mennonite Church which had benefited by his benefactions, and in which he was known for his admirable traits of Christian character. Daniel Herr married Anna C. Brenneman, daugh- ter of Henry Brenneman, and they had a family of • five children : Henry B., who died in childhood ; Enos B., who died Sept. 19, 1869; Lizzie A., who is the widow of C. S. B. Herr, and resides in West Lampeter township ; Reuben D., mentioned below ; and one that died in infancy. Reuben D. PIerr, the only surviving son of his parents, became his father's assistant and supporter in many of his varied enterprises. He was born July 7, 1850, and after completing the common school course he entered the Lititz Academy, and then spent one term, during 1868, at the Saunders Military Academy, in preparation for a college course, but the death of his brother recalled him home, and he then took charge of the work which his brother Enos had managed — the farming and lime burning — and continued until 1875, when he discontinued the latter industry. Later he opened up a coal and lumber business in Refton, and man- aged that in connection with his farming for one year, but finding the accumulation of business too large, he discontinued personally to direct matters on the farm. About December, 1878, he became the agent for the Philadelphia & Reading Railroad Co., at Refton, and remained with that company from 680 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1875 to 1881, and later was engaged in various en- terprises, including that of commercial traveler and collector, but much of his time was employed in looking after his father's affairs, and since the death of the latter, as trustee and executor, his time has been fully occupied. For the past eighteen years he has managed a trucking business, finding a mark- et in the city of Lancaster for the produce of his small farm of thirty acres in Refton, but the output from his successful green-houses is shipped to dis- tant parts of the country. For a number of years Mr. Herr was a director in the First National Bank, of Strasburg, and he is also financially connected with the lumber manufac- turing industry in West Virginia, and in mining bi- tuminous coal. Inheriting much of the energy and business capacity of his father, he, like him, is a progressive, broad-gauged man, esteemed and re- spected by business associates and the community in which he has lived so long. Reuben D. Herr has been twice married, his first union being to Plarriet Musselman, daughter of John Musselman. At her death, on May 30, 1878, she left two children. Miriam M., who married D. W. Patterson, of Philadelphia ; and Carolyn M. His second marriage was to H. Louisa Coho, daughter of John Lee Coho, of Schuylkill county, and who died Nov. 9, T900. To this union was born one child — Clair C, who resides with his father in the old family home in Refton. FREDERICK STONER (deceased) was born Feb. 22, 1790, one mile southwest of Central Manor, Lancaster county, son of Christian and Anna (Brenneman) Stoner, and died Sept. 4, 1877. He was a farmer, and in politics was a Whig. Of the family of eleven children born to Frederick and Elizabeth Stoner six grew to maturity, viz. : Chris- tian, a blacksmith, who settled in Cumberland county, and died in Februar}', 1898 ; Frederick, of whom fur- ther mention will be made ; John, who was shot at his home during the Civil war, supposedly by accident ; Bernard, a carpenter by trade, and later a farmer and hotelkeeper of Manor township ; Levi, a wheelwright at Mountville : and Mary Ann, deceased wife of Ben- jamin Young, also of Manor township. Frederick Stoner, son of Frederick, was born Dec. 7, 1818, in the home now occupied by Daniel H. Mellinger, at Central Manor, and on March 14, 1836, began learning the wheelwright's trade at Mil!ersville,\vith Jacob R. Barr. After fin- ishing his apprenticeship he worked one month as a journeyman, and then, in May, 1839, rented a small shop about a mile from his home, and for one year carried on business on his own account. Mr. Stoner next erected a shop on his homestead, where he car- ried on his .business five years, and in 1845 erected a shop at Central Manor which is still standing, and is now utilized as a wagon factory. Until 1885 Fred- erick Stoner did a large business in wagon manufac- .turing, and also in repairing threshing machines. horse powers, grain cradles, etc., and, being a natural mechanic, he erected on his homestead of seven and a half acres, besides his shop, two good frame dwell- ings, and remodeled another frame and brick, having now four neat and substantial tenements, which are rented. On Dec. 24, 1844, Frederick Stoner married Miss Sarah S. Mann, a daughter of John and Eliza- beth Mann. She passed away August 8, 1886, at the age of sixty-eight years, seven months, thirteen days. They had a family of six children, born in the follow- ing order: Caroline M., who died in childhood; Elizabeth, wife of Rev. Abraham R. Myers, of Steel- ton, Pa. ; Sarah Ann, who died in infancy ; Catherine, who passed away when nineteen years old ; John J., who died at the age of five years and six months; and Albert M., of Central Manor, who was born July 10, i860, and married Fannie Shenk, daughter o£ Abram L. Shenk. JOHN G. TANGER. The general aspect of prosperity and activity noted ■ throttgh Lancaster county is due in great measure to the energy and in- dustry of her agricultural residents. Among those farmer citizens who have done much to advance the interests of the county, may be mentioned John G. Tanger, a stibstantial citizen, who owns a most de- sirable estate of sixty-two acres, located a short dis- tance east of the borough of Strasburg. ' Andrew Tanger, the father of John G. Tanger, was born in Willowstreet, and remained there until hi? death, this sad event taking place when he was alDout twenty-nine years of age. During the time he lived there, he conducted a hotel in the village. His family is an old one in Cumberland county, many of its members being distinguished in public affairs. Andrew Tanger married Catherine Gall, a daughter of Martin and Catherine (Groff) Gall, of Willow- street, and she survived until 1875. By her mar- riage with Andrew Tanger, Mrs. Tanger became the mother of five children : Ann, who married Samuel Rowe, of Drumore township ; Catherine, who is the widow of David Donichy, and lives at Christiana; .A.ndrew, of Strasburg; John, who died an infant; and John G., of this biography. Mrs. Tanger mar- ried for her second husband, David Mowery, of Strasburg township, and was the mother of five more children : Amanda, who married Jacob Hostetter, of Strasburg township ; Mary, who is the widow of Christian Groff, of Providence township; Sarah, who died early in life ; Martin, a merchant in Phila- delphia ; and David, a resident of Hawkesville, in Eden township. John G. Tanger was born June 11, 1836, and was reared to farm life, obtaining but limited school opportunities. At the age of eleven years he began to work with the neighboring farmers for his clothes and board, and at the age of fifteen he was thrown completely upon his own resources. Understanding farm work better than anything else, he continued in this line, working by the month, or season, at differ- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 6S1 €nt places, making three trips thus through the West, but in .1874 he returned to Strasburg township, and purcliased the valuable farm which he now occupies. At present this farm is one that would command a very high price if placed upon the market, as Mr. Tanger has put time, strength and money into the many permanent improvements which he has made, resulting in the excellent conditions which exist. On Nov. 27, 1873, John G. Tanger was married to Mary A. Huber, a daughter of Michael L. and Mary (Baer) Huber, who was born in Lancaster township in November, 1845. Two children have been born of this union : Landis, born March 10, 1875, who received his education in the Millersville State Normal school, graduating in the class of 1898, and in the normal course in 1900, has been a teacher in the public schools for the past six years, and has been principal of the Millersburg (Dauphin Co.) High school since September, 1900; and Jacob, born Oct. 6, 1880, graduated from the Millersville State Normal school in 1902, and is also engaged in teaching. Both Mr. Tanger and his estimable wife are valued members of the Old Mennonite Church, and possess the esteem of all with whom they are acquainted, in public or private life. GEORGE F. BAKER. Among the prominent and successful farmers, loyal citizens and representa- tive business men of Lancaster county, is George F. Baker, of Sadsbury township, a worthy member of one of the leading families of Chester county. He was born at Doe Run, Chester county, Feb. 7, 1839, son of jelra and Martha (MeHarg) Baker. The Baker family originally came from England. The great-grandparents of George F. were Aaron and Sarah (Hayes) Baker, well known members of the .Society of Friends in Chester county. John Baker, son of Aaron, lived and died in West Marlborough township, Chester county, his death oc- curring there Nov. 13, 1812, at the early age of thirty years. His widow, Mary McNeil, was born in 1779, a daughter of William and Mary (Baily) McNeil, of Chester county, and of English and Irish extraction. She died in May, 1870, the mother of the following children : Sarah, born Feb. 20, 1805, married Reuben Miller, and died in April, 1878; Aaron, born Oct. 22, 1807, married Alice Leonard, and died in January, 1888; and Jehu, the father of George F. Jehu Baker, son of John and father of George F., was born in West Marlborough township, Chester county, June 18, 1809, and died in Sadsbury town- ship, Lancaster county, Jan. 18, 1881. In Colerain township, on May 22, 1834, by Rev. Andrew Murphy, a Methodist clergyman, Jehu Ba- ker was married to Martha MeHarg, and the chil- dren born to this union were : John, who was one of the gallant soldiers of the Civil war, a member of the First Pa. Reserves, gave up his young life to his country, at the battle of Antietam, Sept. 17, 1862; Louise, who resides on the old homestead; George F. is mentioned below ; and Mary R., the youngest, married Elwood P. Pownall, a farmer of Christiana, Pennsylvania. Mrs. Martha (MeHarg) Baker was born at Doe Run, Chester county, March 22, 1810; she died Feb. 21, 1883, and was laid to rest by the side of her hus- band in Mount Pleasant cemetery, in Sadsbury township. She was a daughter of William and Han- nah (Conner) MeHarg, of County Derry, Ireland, the former of whom came to America alone in 1793, v/hen eighteen years of age and later his future wife came across the Atlantic with her parents. Mr. MeHarg became employed in an iron foundry, and died in 1838, at the age of sixty-five years, his wife dying in 1820, at the age of forty-three years. The children born to William MeHarg and wife were: John ; Mary, who married George Fritz ; Nancy, who married David Irvin ; James, who married Mar- garet Rogers, of Oxford, Chester county ; Margaret and Rebecca, twins, the former of whom married Levi Baker, and the latter died unmarried, at the age of seventy-four ; Martha, who became Mrs. Jehu Baker ; Sarah, who married Jacob Bryan ; William, who married Hope Pettit, of Reading, Pa. ; Hannah, who became the widow of Daniel Tucker, of Phila- delphia; and Hiram, who died young. All of this family have passed away with the exception of Han- nah Tucker, who resides in Philadelphia in her eighty-eighth year. Jehu Baker was engaged in farming all his life, growing up under the care of his grandfather Mc- Neil, as his own father died when he was but three years old. When he was about eighteen, in com- pany with his brother Aaron, he took charge of the old homestead farm which had been in the family for many years, and the brothers operated the farm to- gether until the marriage of Jehu, at which time he sold his interest to A.aron, and in 1834, purchased a farm on Doe Run, in Chester county. There he re- mained until April, 1839, and in 1843 came to the present farm which his son now occupies. Jehu Baker was a most estimable man, honest and upright in all his dealings. His progenitors were Friends and he adhered to the principles of that denomina- tion, but was not a member of the society. In poli- tics he adhered to the principles of the Republican party. Flis influence was ever given in favor of educational and moral movements, and no man in ■ his neighborhood better represented the leading and best citizens of the county. The beautiful old home- stead is the property of George F. Baker and his sis- ter, Louise, is well managed and is considered one of the most valuable estates in the township. One of the first and loyal patriots to answer to the call of his country, in those days of wild alarm and dire distress when Rebellion lifted its head, was George F. Baker, who enlisted on June 10, 1861, and saw service under General McClellan in the great Peninsular campaign, and was wounded in an engagement in front of Richmond. Later he was among the brave and gallant soldiers at South 682 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Mountain and Antietam, and received an honorable discharge. After the close of the war, Mr. Baker returned to his home in Lancaster county and en- gaged in farming. He also began to teach school, continuing for twenty terms, and finally resigned his position in 1 88 1. In 1889 he came to his present fine farm, adjacent to the old homestead, although in 1888 he had become interested in the conduct of a general store at Andrews Bridge, in Colerain town- ship, continuing here until 1891. Mr. Baker has been one of the progressive, energetic and intelligent men of this locality, and has taken a deep interest in the management of the schools, serving as a direc- tor for twenty-seven years. In politics he belongs to the Republican party, and has been township asses- sor, efficiently filling the duties of the office. Mr. Baker was married, first, in 1864, Nancy J. Thurston becoming his wife. The children born to this union were : John A., a park guard at Willow Grove, Pa., married Eva J. Todd, and has two chil- dren, William R. and George E. ; William A. died in 1890: Martha L., who married H. K. Givin, a farmer of Sadsbury township, has two children, I'hurston L. and Jean Gertrude ; and Hannah G., a teacher, resides with her aunt Louise, on the old homestead. Mrs. Baker was born in Ontario and died in 1880 at the age of forty-two years. She was a daughter of Hiram and Catherine (Boughner) Thurston, of Ontario. In March, 1892, Mr. Baker was married to his present wife, Mrs. Amanda Althouse, who manages the affairs of his household with much regard for his comfort. She was born in Chester county, Pa., in 1858, a daughter of Isaac and Levina (Pennegar) Allbright, of Lancaster county. Mr. Allbright was the manager of the well-known "Red Lion Hotel," in Sadsburv township for some twenty years, giv- ing this hostelry up about one year prior to his death, in 1888, at the age of sixty-eight years ; he was su- pervisor of the township at that time. Mrs. All- bright survived until 1899, dying at the age of sev- enty-three. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Allbright were : William, a farmer of Chester coun- ty; Benjamin, deceased; Newton, a farmer of this township; Amanda, who is Mrs. Baker; Elizabeth, who married George Graham, of this township ; and Jennie, who married Fred. Arnold, a carpenter, in Lancaster. The first marriage of Mrs. Baker was to John Allen, Jr., and the children born to this marriage were: Mary, who married William Dinkelberg, a railroad carpenter, of Philadelphia; and Elizabeth, who married Ira Dorsey, of Lenover, Pa. The sec- ond marriage of Mrs. Baker was to David Althouse, and the children born to this union were : Charles G., at home ; Herman G., of Parkesburg, Pa. ; A. Wesley, a farmer of Atglen, Pa. ; and Amy E., at home. Mr. Althouse was born in Eden township, a son of Woodward and Mary (Harsh) Althouse, of Lancaster county, and died at the age of thirty- seven years. Both Mr. and Mrs. Baker are prominent mem- bers of the Methodist Church, and are highly es- teemed in this locality for their generous hospitality and many estimable qualities. Few families are bet- ter known or more justly belong to the representa- tive people of Lancaster county. JOHN WILSON (deceased). Whether long life wins success in agricultural pursuits, or whether the days of the prosperous farmer are naturally lengfthened, instances have been common where types of highest physical manhood and types of that sterling character essential to good farming have united in the same individual. A splendid instance of this combination was afforded in the life of John Wilson, one of the oldest and best known residents of Drumore township. Pie lived to the age of ninety years, and he ranked among the most highly re- spected and most prominent farmers of that town- ship. James Wilson, his father, was a sturdy, influen- tial farmer of York county. Pa., who attained the ripe old age of ninety-two years. His wife, a Miss Hutchinson, of Chester county. Pa., lived to the age of seventy-nine years. John Wilson was born in Fawn township, York county, in 1796. He was reared in his native county, and under tiie capable and inspiring direction of his father he acquired an inclination and skill for farm- ing. In 1820 he married Miss Charlotte Watt, a native of Chester county, daughter of John and Margaret (Mucully) Watt, natives of Chester and Lancaster counties, respectively. John Watt bore arms for the Colonial cause during the Revolution- ary struggle, and afterward settled down to the pur- suits of farming. He died about 1816. John Wilson, in 1824, removed with his young wife to Lancaster county, there to establish amidst new surroundings his future home. He purchased 156 acres of land in Drumore township and devoted his energies to their cultivation. His success was far above the average. He became one of the pros- perous and prominent men of the county. With a taste for his vocation, he sought no preferment be- yond ; and his political career, aside from the interest which he ever took in political and social affairs of the community was limited to the casting of his ballot. Himself and wife were earnest and active members of the United Presbyterian church. The death of his beloved helpmeet which occurred in May, 1874, after a half century of wedded life, was a serious blow, and from that time he retired from the active management of his properties, and enjoyed the_ peace and rest of retirement from routine work which he had so richly Avon in his long and success- ful career. He survived his wife twelve years, pass- ing away July 4, 1886, aged ninety years. Both are buried in Chestnut Level cemetery, where a beautiful shaft marks their resting place. Their lives had shone with the graces and noble attributes of true Christianity and their loss, even in the mellowness BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 683 of old age, brought a shock to a wide circle of friends and acquaintances, who had been helped and in- spired by their righteousness and many kindnesses of disposition. Two children were born to John and Charlotte Wilson: James M., a retired farmer of Coreyville ; and John David, now a resident of Lan- caster. John David Wilson, the younger of these two children, was born Aug. 1 1, 1825, and he remained on the farm until thirty years of age, then removed to the city of Lancaster, where he devoted himself to business and politics, becoming one of the active and prominent factors in the life of the city. Ill health had marked his boyhood and youth and his education was received chiefly in the neighboring schools. His mercantile career began in Drumore — his native township — where for four years he con- ducted a general store, thence in the fall of i860 he removed to Lancaster. Later he entered the sher- iff's ofiice. For eleven years he was deputy sheriff, and for seventeen years was connected with court house work. He has engaged profitably in various business enterprises, and in 1879 retired from ac- tive work. Mr. Wilson is a member of the United Presbyterian church. He has traveled extensively, possesses a broad culture, a keen business ability, and he ranks high among the prosperous and influ- ential men of the city. HIESTAND. The Hiestand family of East Hempfield township descends from John, or Johan- nes Hiestand, who prior to 1800 located on a tract of timber land just northeast of Salunga, of which tract the present Hiestand homestead or farm is a part — the original tract having been divided into four farms. A farmer himself, he passed all his days in the active pursuit of agriculture uritil he retired. John Hiestand was three times married, but of the first two wives nothing is now known, except the fact that by one or both of them there were six chil- dren born, viz. : John, Christopher, Abraham, Susan, Barbara and Maria. By his third and last wife, who bore the maiden name of Catherine Good, there were born seven children, who were named as follows : Jacob, Mary, Magdalene, Sarah, Catherine, Henry and Benjamin, of whom. Henry is the only survivor, and who noAv occupies the old farm and homestead established by John, the pioneer, and by him improved with its present substantial buildings. The barn, which was destroyed by fire not long since, bore the date of 1801, while the dwelling, which' is still stand- ing, bears the date of 1804. ■ " Jacob Hiestand, eldest born of the seven chil- dren of John and Catherine (Good) Hiestand, was born on this farm in 1814, and first confined his la- bor to the cultivation of the place, but later engaged in the coal and lumber business at Salunga, but did not entirely relinquish the supervision of his farm, which he cultivated by hired help. Jacob Hiestand was one of the most public spirited and progressive men of the county, and was a trustee in the Mennon- ite church. He married Elizabeth Stehman, who was born in 1820, and died in 1861, the mother of ten children : John ; Henry S., of whom mention is made in the sketch of Simon H. Hiestand ; Catherine, deceased wife of Christian Swarr; Elizabeth, de- ceased wife of Amos Lehman ; Sarah, wife of Daniel Kready, of Manor township; Barbara, married to Abraham Harnish ; Mary, now Mrs. Christian Mus- sleman ; Susan, deceased wife of Christian Swartley ; Annie, wife of Phares Mussleman ; and Fannie, who died unmarried. Henry S. Hiestand, son of Jacob, received a sound common school education, and at twenty-six years of age began farming on his own account on his present farm of no acres, and continued the calling until 1899, when he retired. His marriage to Miss Fanny Herr took place Nov. 11, 1870; she was born in 1849, ^^^ was a daughter of Christian and Mary (Hostetter) Herr, both of whom are now deceased. SIMON H. HIESTAND, a thriving young gen- eral merchant, postmaster and agent for the Adams Express Co. and for the Penn Township Mutual Fire Insurance Association, at Salunga, Lancaster coun- ty, was born in East Hempfield township, June 22, 1873, son of Henry S. and Fanny H. (Herr) Hie- stand, natives of East l^empfield and Rapho town- ships, respectively. Henry S. Hiestand, father of Simon H., was born in 1853, was reared a farmer and is now living retired on the old homestead in East Hempfield township. Mrs. Fanny H. Hiestand passed away in 1891, at the age of forty-one years, a member of the Mennonite Church, and was buried in Landis- ville, this county. The children born to Henry S. Hiestand and wife were seven in number, and were named as follows ; Amos H., farming on the old homestead; Simon H., whose name opens this sketch ; Anna H., Albert, Lizzie, Fanny and Henry, Jr., all at home. .Simon H. Hiestand lived on the home farm until seventeen years old, meanwhile receiving the usual district school education, and then entered the Lan- caster Business College, from which he was gradu- ated in due course, and he then entered the branch house of Wanamaker & Brown at Harrisburg, in order to become acquainted with the business, and after traveling two years for the same firm, he, on Jan. i, 1895, opened his present store at Salunga. On IM'arch 26, 1895, Simon H. Hiestand married, in East Lampeter township. Miss Bertha M. Den- linger, who has borne him two children : Victor D., deceased; and Verne E. Mrs. Bertha M. (Denlin- ger) Hiestand was born in East Lampeter township, a daughter of David and Susan (Myers) Denlinger, the father being a retired farmer and residing in SaliTuga. Simon H. Hiestand is a Republican in politics, and his first public office was that of school director, to which he was appointed for a year, but proved to 684 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY be so efficient as to be elected for the three years following. On Nov. 14, 1900, he was appointed postmaster by President McKinley, and is still sat- isfactorily discharging the duties of that office. This young merchant has already made his mark in the business world, and by his fair and Hberal dealing has secured the confidence and good will of the gen- eral public of Salunga and surrounding country. The Union Trust Co. was organized in January, 1902, and was opened for business the following March, with an authorized capital of $300,000. Of this company Mr. Hiestand was elected a director. Socially Mr. and Mrs. Hiestand enjoy a very desir- able position, being greatly esteemed by the leading people of Salunga. They are both consistent mem- bers of the Mennonite Church. J. R, MISSENER, editor and publisher of the Mount Joy Star and Nezvs, and also the editor and publisher of the Steelton Advocate and Verdict, is a son of George and Elizabeth Missener, both of whom are now deceased. He was born on the banks of the Little Chiques Creek, in Mount Joy township, March 24, 185 1. Mr. Missener's ancestors originally came from Switzerland about two hundred years ago. His grandfather was a justice of the peace for many years. His father, a miller and farmer, died almost half a centur}' ago. Mr. Missener spent the first twenty-five years of his life on the farm where he was born. There he received the education which the country schools afforded at that time, and the important practical training, which industrious employment in farming gave him. At the age of seventeen he was granted a teacher's certificate, by the county superintendent, and he taught school in his native township three terms. When he was twenty-one years of age he was elected a justice of the peace for five years, at the expiration of which he was elected for a second term. During that time he carried on an extensive business as a surveyor. In 1875 our subject engaged in the newspaper and printing business, which he has followed ever since. At that time he established the Milton Grove News. In 1878 he purchased the Mount Joy Star and News, and consolidated the two papers, under the title of the Mount Joy Star and News, which paper he published for ten years, en- larging and improving it, and making it a power in that section. For a number of years it was the larg- est of the eighteen newspapers in the county, outside of Lancaster city. Mr. Missener conducted a news- paper S3'ndicate for a number of years, during which, time he edited and published the Florin Independent, the Bainbridge Banner, Sporting Hill Messenger, Salunga Sif tings, Landisville Vigil. In 1888 he pur- chased the Steelton Advocate, which he has been publishing ever since. At the present time he is is- suing only a weekly edition, but for some time prior to the hard times of 1893 he pubHshed the Daily Ad- vocate. In 1892 Mr. Missener associated his son, George W., in business with him. The junior mem- ber of the firm was only fifteen years of age at that time, and was the youngest editor and newspaper publisher in the United States. In 1898 our subject purchased the Steelton Verdict, which he consolidat- ed under the title of Advocate and Verdict. Mr. Mis- sener believes in training his sons to practical busi- ness, and at an early age, in fact while yet in their teens, all his sons, George, Garfield, John and Ben- jamin, were associated with him. In 1893 Mr. Mis- sener again purchased the Mount Joy Star and News, which he had sold six years before. Since that time he is publishing the Steelton Advocate and Verdict, as well the Mount Joy Star and News, but both offices and papers are as distinct and separate as though they belonged to different proprietors. In this feature of his business he is demonstrating, by practical operation, the advantage of having more than one newspaper and printing office under one managenient. This plan has been carried out very successfully in many branches of business, but had not before been attempted in the publication of coun- try newspapers. The result is so eminently success- ful that he is considering the addition of another newspaper and printing office to his list. Mr. Missener has always taken a prominent part in politics, but though frequently urged to run for office has never done so, except in the case of local positions, for which he has never been defeated. His newspapers have wielded much important influence in shaping and controlling local politics. While he had his hands so full of work at home, he has not failed to look abroad. He has made for himself a notable record as a traveler, having been to Canada three times and across the continent twice, going as far West as the Pacific ocean, and South to the Gulf of Mexico. In March, 1877, Mr. Missener was married to Miss Fannie R. Weaver, by whom he has had nine children. His two eldest sons, George and Garfield, are printers in New York City. His sons John and Benjamin are associated with him in his newspaper and printing business. His daughters, Mary and Bertha, and his youngest son, Edgar, are also at home. Daniel and Kathryn joined the silent ma- jority in their infancy. CLINTON HIMES. Historical associations cluster about the home and the home-life of this in- fluential and well-known resident of Salisbury town- ship. His home, known as Ivy mansion, was built one hundred years ago, and was, before the railroad era, the old stage coach house and postoffice. Here Gen. Lafayette, while on his way to Lancaster in. the year 1825, tarried a few hours and received pub- lic entertainment. Ivy mansion was then a center of commerce and travel, past which and through which the current of human events flowed cease- lessly. Mr. Himes was born in Leacock township May 9, 1831, son of Rees C. and Sarah (Eckert) Himes, and grandson of Thomas and Catherine (Clem- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 685 ens) Himes, of Chester coiintv. The grandfather died at Honey brook, and Rees'C. came in his boy- hood with his widowed mother to Lancaster county, settling in East Earl township. In his early man- hood lie engaged successfully in mercantile pursuits in Leacock township, later yielding its more active duties for the comparative quiet of an agricultural life, passed in Salisbury township. Here he died in the prime of life in May, 1849, aged forty-nine years. He had married Sarah Eckert, a native of Lancaster county, and a daughter of George Eckert. She sur- vived him many years, passing away in August, 1899, at the ripe old age of eighty-seven years. Rees C. and Sarah Himes were active members of the Bellevue Presbyterian Church. The children born to them v.-ere as follows : Clinton, subject of this sketch ; George Clemens, a farmer who died in 1856: Cecelia, who married Rees C. Himes, a re- tired farmer of Shippensburg, Pa. ; Anna C, who lives unmarried on the old homestead Spring Run Farm, in Salisbury township; Susan A. and Mar- tha L., both residing unmarried on the old home- stead; P. Timlow, who died young; and Rees L., justice of the peace at Kinzers, Pennsylvania. Clinton Himes was a lad of eighteen years, the eldest of a family of eight children, when the house- hold was bereft by the death of the father and hus- band. Responsibility thus came to him early in life. He took up its cares, and for many years conducted the affairs of his mother's estate. He attained stand- ing in public and religious affairs, and possessing the taste and the opportunities for a broad culture he ripened into a deep and influential thinker, attain- ing prominence in the constantly widening circle of his acquaintanceship. Mr. Himes married Feb. 28, 1878, at Peoria, 111.., Sophia R. (Mcllvaine) Negley, daughter of Rev. William E. and EHzalDeth (Breading) Mcllvaine. Her father was a well-known divine of the Presby- terian church, who for forty-one years was pastor of East Liberty Church at Pittsburg, Pa., but re- signing that charge on account of ill health, he re- moved to Peoria, 111., where he preached for twenty years. The McIlvaine family had been prominently identified with the development of Lancaster county for several generations. It was founded here by Robert Mcllvaine, who in 1729, came to the county from Philadelphia. He had been an elder in the old Pine Street Church at Philadelphia, and after his set- tlement in Lancaster he followed farming. His home consisted of a 200-acre tract lying in Salis- bury and Paradise townships, which had been pur- chased from William Penn by his father-in-law, George Duffield. To Robert and Mary (Duffield) Mcllvaine were born five children: Andrew, who removed to Butler county ; William ; Elizabeth (Mrs. Springer) ; George ; and Robert. George Mcllvaine, son of Robert and Mary (Duffield) Mcllvaine, was born about 1742. He M'^as a lieutenant in the Continental army during the Revolutionary war, and served at Valley Forge. He was a man of superior intellectual attainments, and for forty years was an elder in the Leacock Presby- terian church. He married Jane Hamilton, and their family consisted of four children, namely : Robert ; Mary, wife of William Dickson, editor of the Lan- caster Intelligence; Jane, wife of Capt. John Slay- maker ; and Elizabeth, wife of James Boyd, of Phil- adelphia. George Mcllvaine, the father of these children, died in 1807, aged sixty-five years ; his wife died in 1790, aged thirty-two years. Robert Mcllvaine, son of George and Jane Mc- llvaine, was, like his father, a farmer by occupation^ He served as an ensign in the war of 1812, and was for twenty years an elder in the Pequea Church. He was twice married; by his first wife, Sarah Slem- mons, who died in 1818, aged thirty-seven years,^ he had six children, namely : Thomas S., George D., William B., Jane (who married James Slaymaker) and John and Sarah (twins, the latter becoming the wife of Isaac Walker). By his second wife, Abi- gail Whitill, Robert Mcllvaine had one child, Mary, who married James McHaffy. Mr. Mcllvaine passed away in 1832, aged fifty-five years. William B. Mcllvaine was born in 1807. He was reared in' Lancaster county and received a col- legiate education at Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pa.,, concluding his theological studies at Princeton The- ological Seminar}', from which institution he grad- uated. Pie was thrice married, his first wife being Sophia S. L. Duffield, daughter of Dr. William Duf- field, who died at Pittsburg in 1830. His second wife, whom he married in 1832, was Elizabeth Breading, who was born in Fayette county, daugh- ter of Nathaniel and Mary (Ewing) Breading, na- tives, respectively, of Lancaster county. Pa., and of Cecil county, Md. Nathaniel Breading served in the Continental army as commissary in 1777-78; he was principal of the academy at Newark when the Rev- olutionary war began, but the Continental troops took possession of his school, and his occupation thus gone, he found service in the army. He be- came judge of the courts in Fayette county, where he died at Tower Hill. The Breading and Ewing families came from Londonderry, Ireland, in 1725, the former settling in Little Britain, Lancaster Co., Pa., and the latter in Cecil county, Md. By his marriage to Elizabeth Breading Rev. William B. Mc- llvaine had four children : Mary E., who died at the age of twelve years ; George H., who for many years was cashier' and later president of the Peoria Na- tional Bank, and who died Jan. J, 1897; Sophia R., wife of our subject ; and William D., who died at the age of ten years. The mother died in 1850, aged forty-one years. The third wife of Rev. William B. Mcllvaine was Margaret McGiffin, daughter of Thomas McGiffin, of Washington, Pa., and to them was born a son, Thomas, now a physician at Peoria, 111. Rev. Mcllvaine died at Peoria in May, 1892, aged eighty-five years. To Clinton and Sophia R. (Alcllvaine) Himes 686 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY was born one child, a daughter, Sarah Rees, who re- sides at home with her parents. Mr. and Mrs. Himes are prominent members of the Presbyterian Church, of which he has been trustee for the past forty years. In poHtics he is a RepubHcan. With its ancestry of several generations, both paternal and maternal, prominent in the development of Lancas- ter county, men and women of superior mentality, possessing strong personal convictions and high prin- ciples, combined with business sagacity of a high order, it would be but natural to look to this family for a representative of the best life of Lancaster county. Nor would that expectation he disappointed. The home life of Mr. and Mrs. Himes is one in which may be found the charm of manner, the graces and accomplishments which blossom best in an en- vironment of earnest purpose, of good will towards men, of interest in public and social affairs, of de- votion and loyalty to causes espoused. It is a home from which radiate many strong influences for the happiness and the development of those whose good fortune it is to come within its beneficence. GEORGE EDWARD WISNER, the leading manufacturer of paper and cigar boxes in Lancaster, has an exceedingly interesting history, not only in the matter of his long and illustrious ancestry in this country, but in the development of his business from a very small beginning to extensive proportions. His ancestors on his father's side came from Germany, while the progenitors of his mother, the Werntzes and the Eon Dersmiths, came from Berlin. Quite re- cently articles appeared in the press of this country telling of the claims the descendants of these people made to the greater part of Berlin, alleging that it was given to one of their ancestors in payment for arms furnished the authorities in one of the early German wars. Mr. Wisner's great-great-grandpar- ents on both sides are buried at Strasburg, Lancas- ter county, thus showing the early settlement of these families in Lancaster. Jacob Wisner, the grandfather of George E., once farmed the land on which the home and factory now stand. Indeed, he farmed a large tract of land in that section before the western development of the city took place. Jonah Wisner, father of George E., married Ann Elizabeth, daughter of Daniel and Rosanna Werntz, of Strasburg. Mr. W^erntz was known as "The Blacksmith" of Strasburg, and was employed at one time by the Colemans, the "iron kings" of Cole- brook furnace, Lebanon county. By this union there were four children, of whom George E., is the only survivor. The father died in 1861, when George was only thirteen years old, but the mother still sur- vives and resides with our subject. George E. Wisner was born April 27, 1848, and up to the time of his father's death attended the pub- lic schools of this city, but at that time he bravely faced his duty as a loyal and devoted son to his widowed mother, and right manfully set about mak- ing his way in the world. The young lad first se- cured employment in the rifle works of Henry E. Leaman, and his next scene of employment was at Twining's whip factory. At the age of fourteen he took entire charge of a soap factory for six months. In 1 86 1 he entered the old Express office as an apprentice at printing, remaining there for three years. From printing he passed to photographing, and then was employed at the confectionery busi- ness with Charles Eden and Joseph R. Royer. Af- ter finishing his apprenticeship he started in the confectionery business for himself at the corner of North Queen and Walnut streets, where he remained five years, when he moved to Columbia, Lancaster county, and continued in the same business four years longer. At the end of that time he closed out his business and returned to Lancaster. In 1884 Mr. Wisner began the manufacture of cigar boxes at his present location. No. 515 West Chestnut street, starting the enterprise in the wash-kitchen of his residence. As his business grew he converted an extensive chicken coop on his lot into a cigar box factory. In 1891 he built a four-story brick struc- ture 20x40 feet, fitting it out with the most modern requirements for the trade, having added paper boxes to his line. His business has so greatly in- creased, that in 1895 he built a four-story brick annex to his main structure, 40x30 feet, both buildings be- ing filled to-day with busy workers engaged in sup- plying Mr. Wisner's patrons in L-ancaster and the neighboring towns. He employs some sixty hands. In 1875 Mr. Wisner was married to Miss Mary R., daughter of the late Charles Kryder, of Lan- caster, the manufacturer of a celebrated herbs bit- ters. To this union were born two children, one of whom died in infancy. The other, Charles Edward, was the leading salesman in Kirk Johnson & Co.'s music store for a number of years, but is now a teacher of music, and an organist and pianist of ac-- knowledged merit; his work is largely devoted to classical music. He is the organist of the First Methodist Church of Lancaster. Mrs. Wisner died in 1885. Mr. Wisner is a member of the First Methodist Church, having been associated with tliis body since 1867. He has been a church and Sunday School worker from boyhood, and was secretary of the Sun- day School for fifteen years. He is now president of the Landisville Camp Meeting Association, in which he is very much interested ; was an organizer and is a director in the Lancaster General Hospital, and be- longs to the Lancaster Board of Trade. Mr. Wis- ner is a member of the Knights of Malta, the Odd Fellows, and the Junior American Mechanics. In politics he is a stalwart Republican and a champion of the temperance cause, in which he has been en- gaged since he was fifteen years old, and his posi- tion on that subject is beyond doubt or hesitation. Positive and upright as he is, his heart is ever open to the appeals of the erring, to whom he has always proved a good Samaritan. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 687 _ McGOWAN. Few citizens of Sadsbury town- ship left more friends when called from earth than did John McGowan, whose widow, Mrs. Annie E. McGowan, lives on the comfortable home place in this township. Mrs. McGowan was born on the old home farm, in Bart township, whither her parents had removed in 1832, a daughter of Samuel and Eliza A. ( Mollis ) Good, natives of Chester coun- t)\ The mother died in 186 1 at the age of fifty-eight years, but the father, having lived ten years of re- tirement, in Christiana, died in 1888, at the age of eighty-eight years. Their parents were : Jacob and Anna (Boy!) Good, of Chester county, and Ger- man ancestry, and George and Ann (Moore) Hol- lis, natives of Chester county, who moved to Lan- caster county at an early day. The children born to Samuel and Eliza A. (Hol- lis) Good were: Joseph F., who is a machinist, at Renovo, Pa. ; Annie E., who became the wife of John McGowan ; Sarah J., unmarried, living in Chester county; William H., who is an insurance agent in Philadelphia; Mary L., who lives, unmarried, with her sister in Chester county ; Samuel R., a contrac- tor and builder of Philadelphia; George W., de- ceased ; John M., a farmer of Bartville. The parents were worthy and consistent members of the Presby- terian Chtirch, and were buried in Middle Octoraro cemetery. John McGowan was born in Sadsbury township Aug. 20, 1832, a son of John, Sr., and Catherine (Knott) McGowan, and he died June 28, 1897. John McGowan, Sr., was born in County Tyrone, Ireland, son of John and Anna McGowan, natives of that county. May 2, 1798, and he died in Sads- bury township Oct. 18, 1851, and was buried in Coch- ransville cemetery, but in 1895 his remains, with those of his two daughters, were removed to Mt. Pleasant, Pa. The other children in the family of John and Anna McGowan were: Anna, Margaret, Sarah, James and Thomas. John McGowan, Sr., came to America in June, 1819, and settled in New York for one year, and then removed to Lan- caster county. Pa., where he was employed on the farm of David Brisbea, in Salisbury township, for a period of three years. He then became a clerk for the late Daniel Buckley in the iron works in the Salis- bury district, remaining with that firm until the death of Mr. Buckley in 1825. Later he went to Lebanon county, and there became a clerk for James Coleman, in the iron works, for the succeeding three years, when he was made manager for the late James Sproul, the iron manufacturer, in Sadsbury town- ship. Mr. McGowan rem.ained with this concern for a period of six years and then became the manager in the iron works of Swayne & Pennock, located one mile from his former place of work. Here he re- mained for two years, but business difficulties as- sailed this iirm and at a forced sale Mr. Sproul rent- ed these works for a period of thirteen years, John McGowan continuing as manager, making money during this time not only for himself, but also for Mr. Sproul. After the death of the latter, who had always taken a deep interest in his faithful manager, Mr. McGowan moved to Atglen, Pa., where he lived for one year in retirement. Mr. McGowan, on April I, 1849, purchased a farm in the valley, in Sadsbury township, and there he passed the last years of a very useful life. Mr. McGowan was a man of su- perior education and great business ability. With al- most all of the progress and development of his sec- tion he was thoroughly identified, and he held many of the local offices, notably, school trustee and audi- tor, for many years. His family were left very well provided for, his estate being valued at something like $30,000, which was efficiently managed by his widow, who was a woman of excellent judgment and executive ability. John McGowan, Sr., was married in 1830 in Lan- caster, to Catherine Knott, who was a daughter of William and Sarah ( Miller) Knott, natives of Mary- land, who came to Sadsbury township at an early day, where Mr. Knott became an iron worker and farmer. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Mc- Gowan were : Hon. William, who for thirty-five years has been a justice of the peace in Christiana, Pa., has held all of the local offices except constable, served with distinction four terms in the House of Representatives, and was a delegate during two terms in the county convention; John, mentioned below ; Joseph, in the government service, who was a soldier in the Civil war; Samuel, who is a retired merchant at Christiana, Pa. ; Caleb B., who lives a retired life at Atglen, Pa. ; Clement B., deceased ; Dr. Hiram, who is a well-known physician of Har- risburg, Pa. ; Thomas, who was a deputy internal revenue collector ; Noble, who is a merchant in Phil- adelphia; Sarah A., who lives unmarried, in Chris- tiana ; Rachel, also unmarried, and resident of Chris- tiana ; Mary, unmarried, and living in Philadelphia ; Elizabeth, wife of Philip B. Rea, of Chestnut Level, Pa. ; Hannah P., who died in infancy ; and Margaret, who died unmarried, at the age of twenty-one years. The mother died Sept. 17, 1888, at the age of seven- ty-seven years. John McGowan grew up on the farm and devoted his life to that occupation. His education was ob- tained in the public schools of his neighborhood, and he became identified with the best interests of his locality. In politics he was an active member of the Republican party, and most efficiently filled many of the township offices, notably those of assessor, tax collector and auditor, and was a leader in political circles. Mr. McGowan was married (first) May 19, .1S59, to Elizabeth J. Davis, and their two children were : Catherine, a resident of Christiana ; and Jo- anna, the widow of William E. Thompson, also of Christiana. On Feb.' 6, 1879, Mr. McGowan wed- ded Annie E. Good, at her home in Bart township. The one son of this marriage, John W., manages the home farm. Here Mr. McGowan settled in 1891, 688 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY having previously occupied one located within one- eighth of a mile. It is well improved and valuable, Mr. A'TcGowan having been an excellent farmer and good manager. His high character made him es- teemed through the county, while his neighborly kindness and domestic virtues made him beloved by a large circle of friends. EUGENE BAUER, in his Hfetime a popular hotelkeeper at Lancaster, was a native of Freiburg, Baden, Germany, where his parents, John Joseph and Margaret (Kern) Bauer, were well-to-do people. They owned valuable stone quarries and a number of boats on the Rhine. Of their nine children, but three came to America : ■ Eugene, Margaret, who married Frederick Munz, and resides in Philadelphia; and Malena, who married Charles Schmitt, of Phila- delphia. When he was eighteen years of age .Eugene Bauer came to America to win home and fortune amid the wider opportunities of the new country. His first employment was at his trade, that of monument work, and he assisted in the building of the Columbia Bridge and St. Anthony's Catholic Church. Aban- doning his trade, he entered the employ of Lawrence Knapp, of the "Empire Hotel," in East King street, and after long service there purchased the "Golden Horse Hotel," which he conducted for thirteen years. His genial disposition made him an ideal host, and his hostelry was ever popular and well filled. His death occurred Aug. 14, 1894, when he was aged forty-four years. In early manhood Mr. Bauer married Miss Judith Lamparter, daughter of the late Eberhart J. Lam- parter, and two children came to bless their home: Eugene, who died when one and a half years old; and Eberhart J. The latter was engaged in the plumbing and gas fitting business in Lancaster, and formerly had been manager of the Sporting Goods Co., but on June 12, 1900, he started on a pleasure trip to Idaho, and, liking that country, determined to make it his home. On June 10, 1901, he married Miss Mabel Hartmyer, of Lancaster. Like his fa- ther, Eberhart J. Bauer was very popular, and no two men in Lancaster were greater favorites with the public than they. In his political affiliations Eugene Bauer was a stanch Republican. He was a member of the Ma- sonic fraternity and of the I. O. O. F. Always look- ing to the best interests of his adopted town, he was ever foremost in giving of his time and means to any measure that would advance the moral or material welfare of Lancaster. He was an active member of the Union Fire Co. for a number of years. Mrs. Bauer still owns the "Golden Horse Hotel," but rents it, devoting her time to religious, charita.ble and social duties. Her greatest pleasure is in doing good to others. Eberhart J. Lamparter, father of Mrs. Bauer, was a tanner at IMillport, in this county. Abandoning that occupation, he engaged in the manufacture of glue, and, removing to Rockland, established a glue factory in 1865, and died there in 1869. The factory is still run by one of his sons. Mr. Lamparter mar- ried Miss Elizabeth Helb, sister of Jacob Helb, one of the pioneer tanners of Lancaster, and to this union came nine children, six of whom are living : Jacob, George and Eberhart, glue manufacturers of Rock- land ; Miss Pauline, living in the homestead on Rock- land street; Miss Lisette D., pension clerk at Wash- ington, D. C. ; and Mrs. Judith Bauer, of Lancaster. The mother of this notable family died Sept. 13, 1899. JOHN ZERCHER, Superintendent of The Hel- vetia Leather Co., of Lancaster, is one of the promi- nent men and leading citizens of this community. His connection with the above named company has dated since 1888, after a long business experience with other reputable firms. He is a native son of Lancaster county, born in New Danville, April 20, 1838, his parents being John, Sr., and Esther (Shaub) Zercher,both of Lancaster county. John Zercher, Sr., was a weaver in early life and later took charge of the hotel in New Danville, and then operated a general store in the same village for two years. He then turned his attention to farming, and it was upon his farm in Pequea township that his death occurred in 1872, at the age of sixty-seven years. Flis widow, Esther (Shaub), survived un- til 1895, dying at the age of eighty-three years. They were members of the Dunkard faith, and were laid to rest in the cemetery of the Mennonite Stone Church, near New Danville. They had two chil- dren : Christian S., a millwright, who moved to St. Louis, Mo., in 1870, and lives there, in retire- ment ; and John. The paternal grandparents of Mr. Zercher were John and Elizabeth (Tanger) Zercher, the former of whom was a miller in this coujity, of Swiss extrac- tion. Their family consisted of the following mem- bers : Harry, deceased, was a miller in this county; Andrew, deceased, was a wheelwright and a farmer, and died in Conestoga township, where he lived re- tired ; John became the father of our subject ; Jacob, deceased, was a farmer of prominence, a' large land- holder in Adams county, Ohio; and Anna died at the age of fourteen years. The maternal grandpar- ents of Mr. Zercher were John and Esther (Gocgh- enauer) Shaub, natives and farming people of Lan- caster county, of German extraction. Until his marriage Mr. Zercher made his home with his parents. His early rearing was on the farm, and his education was acquired in the district schools. At the age of seventeen he began teaching school at Run Valley, and taught for eight consecutive terms ^n fact, if Mr. Zercher had not turned his atten- tion to other lines of usefulness, it is probable that he would have become a noted educator. Three years were then spent in farming and then, seeking a wider field, he went to Lancaster, and there be- came bookkeeper for Samuel Hess, in the lumber -*-< -^. BIOCxRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 689 business, and also filled the same position for one year with Thomas & Henry Baumgardner, coal mer- chants. He then became bookkeeper in the tannery of Amos Hollinger, which business connection lasted for twenty years, and during this time Mr. Zercher, in addition to his other duties, taught two terms of school. In 1888 Mr. Zercher accepted the position of bookkeeper, superintendent and general manager for The Helvetia Leather Co., with R. J. Houston as president, and Charles J. Landis, as treasurer, the last named gentleman retaining his connection with the company until April, 1889, when he became Judge of the courts in the county. The Helvetia Leather Co. was established in 1887, and the plant is located at Nos. 520-538 Poplar street, Lancaster, and employs a force of ten men. They manufacture (by patent process) belting, picker, ap.ron and lacing leather and also oak leather belting. It is one of the flourishing industries of the city and much of its prosperity is due to the excellent business methods and wise supervision of Mr. Zfercher. In 1863, v/hen the State militia was increased in order to repel invasion, Mr. Zercher became a volun- teer in the 50th Regiment under Brig.-Gen. Frank- lin and Capt. David Bear, for one hundred days' service. This regiment was used for guard duty along the Potomac river, and fortunately saw no serious trouble, being discharged in six weeks, at Harrisburg. In politics Mr. Zercher is a stanch Re- publican and has efficiently filled some office in al- most every place which has been his temporary home. For six years he was assessor, in Pequea township ; for eight years he serVed as school director in West Lampeter township, and was then elected justice of the peace for five years, serving with credit for four years, when he resigned the office on account of re- moval to New Danville. With his family he belongs to and supports St. Paul's Reformed Church. In December, 1859, Mr. Zercher was married, in Lancaster, to Miss Barbara Rowe, born in West Lampeter township, in May, 1837, daughter of Ben- jamin and Anna (Weaver) Rowe, of Lancaster county, where for a considerable period he was a shoemaker, later operated a hotel at Willowstreet and then became a successful farmer. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Zercher were as follows: Emma, who is the widow of Jacob M. Harnish, re- sides with her father ; Ada L., who died at the age of four years ; George W., who died at the age of two and one-half years ; Clara A., who married Ir- vin S. Schmehl, a druggist in Philadelphia, and had three children, James Frederick, Emma Florence and John Irwin, of whom the last named died at the age of five years ; and Miss Nora, who resides at home. Mr. Zercher is a man of intellect and means, and is well and favorably known through Lancaster county. DAVID B. MYERS, who was well and favora- bly known for many years in East Donegal and ad- joining townships, and who died Dec. 17, 1900, was 44 born in East Donegal township Oct. 5, 1834, a son of Henry and Barbara (Brenner) Myers. The fam- ily history is quite fully treated under the head of Michael B. Myers on another page. The parents lived to a ripe old age, and were much loved and re- spected in the community in which their peaceful and well-ordered lives were passed. David B. Myers was married, in 1876, in Mari- etta, Pa., to Miss Mary Shoemaker, by whom he had one chiM, Clara, who married Samuel Eshle- man, a farmer of Mt. Joy township, and became the mother of two children, Walter and David, but is now deceased. Mrs. Mary (Shoemaker) Myers was born near Manheim, in Raplio township, a daughter of Christ and Elizabeth (Hershey) Shoemaker, of the same township, who now live in Mt. Joy town- ship, where the former who was born in 1828, is now a farmer. Mrs. Elizabeth (Hershey) Shoemaker was born in 1833, and died in 1891, and was buried in Florin Cemetery. Both were members of the Ger- m.an United Brethren Church. Their children were : Christ, a farmer in Mt. Joy township ; Elizabeth, married to Monroe Shaffer, a farmer in Mt. Joy township ; Anna, who married Jacob Frye, a farmer at Centreville ; Mary ; Hettie and John, at home ; Sarah, (deceased) ; and Harry, at home. David B. Myers was engaged in farming until the spring of 1900, when he gave up farm work, and moved to the home he occupied for a number of years. In his earlier years he was closely associated with his father in farming operations, and it was not until T872 that he purchased the farm to which he devoted a good part of his life. In politics he was a Republican. For several years Mr. Myers had been sickly, and shortly before his death was stricken with paralysis. Before his health failed he built a fine three-story brick house, which stands on the cross roads, about a half mile from Florin. CAPT. PHILIP L. SPRECHER. No more capable leader or more gallant soldier stepped forth from the farmer ranks of Pennsylvania into the garish light of the Union army during the Civil war than Capt. Philip L. Sprecher, in private life a hotel manager, merchant, master of the science of deduc- tion as an expert detective, as well as an all around versatile man of affairs. In the wake of a strenuous and varied career he is one of the most popular men in Lancaster county, and bears a reputation commen- surate with his large attainments and splendid per- sonal characteristics. A native son of Lancaster county, he was born at New Holland, Sept. 12, 1839, was educated in the district schools, and spent his earliest boyhood days on the paternal farm. When ten years of age he found employment in the hard- ware and implement store of his two half brothers, George D. and W. D. Sprecher, with whom he re- mained until the breaking out of the Civil war, an opportunity which ignited the possibilities of men, and of none more than Capt. Philip L. Sprecher. On the paternal side his ancestors are identical with 690 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY those of George D. Sprecher, who is mentioned at length elsewhere. The justice of the plaint of the Southern slave found no greater confirmation than in the service of such soldiers as Captain Sprecher. No finer record illuminates this time of unloosed passions, of unreas- oning and bitter hate. A fair idea of his place in the roll call of the national honor is best conveyed by the following interesting account compiled from authen- tic sources for the United States Army and Navy Association : "Philip L. Sprecher enlisted from Lancaster coun- ty. Pa., on the 4th of June, 1861, to serve three years or during the war, and was mustered into the United States service at Westchester, Pa., as a private of Capt. Thomas B. Barton's company B, 30th Regi- ment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, known as the First Pennsylvania Reserve, Colonel R. Biddle Roberts commanding. The regiment rendezvoused at Camp Wayne, near Westchester, Pa., and left the .state for Baltimore, July 22d, thence moved to An- napolis, Md., where it performed guard duty until the 30th, when it moved to Washington, D. C, thence to Tennallytown, Md., where it was assigned to the 1st Brigade of the Pennsylvania. Reserve Corps. On October loth marched to Langley, Va., and December 20th to Dranesville, Va., reaching the latter place just after the battle had closed. March 10, 1862, marched to Alexandria, Va., and was soon after assigned to the ist Brigade, 2nd Division, ist Corps, and later to the 5th Corps, Army of the Po- tomac. It participated in the following engagements, viz. : Tunstall Station, Seven Days Fight, including Mechanicsville, Gaines Mills, White Oak Swamp, Charles City Cross Roads, Malvern Hill, Manassas, Bull Run, Chantilly, Va., South Mountain, Antietam Creek, Antietam, Md., Bennett House, Fredericks- burg. Va., Gettysburg, Bristoe Station, Mile Run Campaign. New Hope Church, Wilderness, Par- ker's Store, Spottsylvania, Laurel Hill, North Anna, Jericho Ford, Tol'opotomy, Bethseda Church, and numerous minor skirmishes. "The said Philip L. Sprecher was at all times with his command, and for gallantry and meritor- ious conduct was promoted to 1 Corporal August 17, 1861, and to sergeant October 18, 1861, and was commissioned 2nd lietitenant March i, 1863, for con- spicuous bravery, and to brevet ist lieutenant to date from March 13, 1865, for gallantry and meritorious service in the Wilderness Campaign. At the battle of Antietam, he, with a comrade, forced themselves into the enemy's lines, but succeeded in returning to the Union lines, having captured two Rebel officers and two men. He still has in his possession a sword that he took from one of the said officials. He was honorably discharged June 13, 1864, at Philadelphia, by reason of the expiration of his term of enlistment. Fle re-enlisted, July 20, 1864, to serve one hundred days, and was mustered into the service at Camp Curtin, Philadelphia, and commissioned captain of Company G, 195th Regiment Pennsylvania Volun- teer Infantry, Colonel Joseph W. Fisher command- ing. He veteranized to serve one year or during the war, and on Nov. i, 1864, was transferred to com- mand of Company C, of the same regiment, Colonel Fisher being still in command. "On July 24, 1864, the regiment moved to Balti- more, Md., thence to Monocacy Junction, where it was engaged in guarding lines of railroad, and was thoroughly drilled, on the 1st of October proceeding to Berkeley county, W. Va.,-and was posted along the line of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad, with head- quarters at North Mountain station. In February, 1865, the regiment was re-organized and shortly afterward ordered to Charleston, where it formed part of the command of Gen. T. W Eagan. On April 1st the regiment was detailed to guard the fords of the Shenandoah river, with headquarters at Cable- town, afterward moved to Berryville and Harrison- burg, performing guard duty and provost duty until ordered home for muster out, on the way participat- ing in a number of" skirmishes with bands of the enemy. "Captain Sprecher was constantly with his re- spective commands during his three enlistments, and earned high commendations, as is evidenced by his frequent promotions. He received his final honora- ble discharge June 21, 1865, at Harrisburg, Pa., by reason of the close of the war." But one thing concerning the captain's army record should be added to the above, and that is that he was discharged with the rank of brevet major. Interesting as was his military career, however, his experiences in civil life have Ween quite as entertain- ing. After the war Capt. Sprecher found employment as a salesman for the late A. W. Russell, hardware merchant, after which he clerked at the "Leopard Hotel" for a time, and in 1866 became superintendent of the "Lititz Springs Hotel," remaining in that ca- pacity three years. For the following two years he was proprietor of the "Neffsville Hotel,"' and in 1873 we find him in the office of the chief of police of Lancaster, serving two terms under the adminis- tration of Capt. W. D. Stauffer. He then opened a detective bureau, having discovered a natural apti- tude for work of this kind, and the wisdom of this departure was evidenced by the speedy reputation he made all over the State as a cool, c(Dllected, and wise determiner of criminal responsibility. The at- tributes which had made him a soldier par excellence, were in demand in his new line of work, and by ap- plying them as occasion demanded he was enabled to make some of the most important arrests in the annals of Pennsylvania criminology. He captured John Frankford, the State's most desperate horse thief, and in this effort displayed unusual ingenuity. He followed the much wanted man's wife to Coates- ville, boarding the train with her unnoticed, and without a weapon of any kind. Frankford was wait- ing at the railroad station for his wife, was fully armed, yet nevertheless surrendered to the Captain BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 691 after being informed that he would put a bullet hole through him if he refused to surrender. The des- perado was much disgusted after boarding the train and being handcuffed, to learn that the Captain's arms were purely those of the imagination. This capture led to the conviction of the horse thief, and his sentence to nineteen years in the penitentiary. The Captain was also largely instrumental in se- curing the capture and breaking up of the notorious Buzzard gang of outlaws, and worked up the case that led to the conviction of James E. Pannell, the wife murderer, who, however, cheated the gallows by committing suicide. After giving up the detective business Captain Sprecher entered the United States Internal Rev- enue service, in fact was twice in the service, from which he eventually resigned to remove to Franklin county. Here he found relief from the strenuous ac- tivity ^vhich had characterized his former life, and, purchasing a mill, managed the running of the same for about seven years. Upon returning to Lancaster he was a salesman in Diller's hardware store, after- ward in Herr & Snavely's establishment, and then became superintendent of the weaving department in the Lancaster county prison, a position which he is creditably filling at the present time. Captain Sprecher married Mary Elizabeth Streaker, daughter of the late Benjamin Streaker. Of this union there was one son, Edward Diller, v>'ho died in March, 1898, at the age of twenty-eight. This son had been a bookkeeper in the Farmers' Na- tional Bank of Lancaster for ten years. Mrs. Sprecher died March 3T, 1887. Captain Sprecher, whose residence is at No. 325 East Walnut street, Lancaster, is a quiet, unobtrusive gentleman, and only those who know of his splendidly directed life would suppose that his mind contained so many memories of great and important occurrences. Drawn out, lie is intensely interesting, and his con- versation is replete with the sparkle and conviction born of enthusiasm and direct knowledge of his sub- ject. He is justly popular in military, political, bus- iness and social circles, and no man of whom we have anv immediate knowledge in this neighborhood has greater strength of character, or exerts a more enviable influence. ! WILLIAM C. PENNY. One of the thrifty, and well-established farmers of Drumore township, is William C. Penny, who was born Feb. 29, 1848, son of Hugh and Sarah (Wentz) Penny, both of Drumore township, their extraction being Irish and English. Flugh Penny, the father of William C, was born in 1812, a son of Joseph Penny, and died in 1882. lie was one of the leading men of his township, well known and thoroughly respected. In 1836 he mar- ried Sarah Wentz, who was born in 1817 and died in 1889 ; she was a daughter of Joseph Wentz, of Martic township. Their marriage was blessed with these children: Mary M., who married Henry Peagan, of Martic township, but is now deceased; Joseph, who is a farmer of Colerain township ; Ad- elaide, the wife oi Thomas Wilson, of York county. Pa.; Maria J., the wife of Aldus Aument, of East Drumore township; William C, our subject; Hugh T., of Chester county; and Laura M., who is the wife of William Overholt, a retired druggist of Bal- timore, Maryland. The Penny family in America can be easily traced to great-grandfather Hugh Penny, who came from Ireland at an early day and settled in the southern part of Lancaster county. He was a stanch Pres- byterian and an uncompromising Democrat, and these two family beliefs have descended from father to son ever since. Joseph Penny, the grandfather of our subject, reared these children : James ; Hugh ; Hannah, who married William Wentz ; Sarah, who married John Wentz; Mary Jane, who married Thomas Wentz; and Harriet, who married Steele Morrison, all of these well known in their day, but all have passed away. William C. Penny was reared on the farm, and acquired his education in the common schools of his native township, choosing farming as his life work. Although he was hampered in his early career by limited means, he has been careful and industrious, and now is the owner of a fine farm with good barns and improvements, and a most comfortable residence, as payment for his past labors. Their res- idence has some historic interest, having been built by the Calhoun Brothers, about 1815, they being the ])rothers of the great-grandmother of Mr. Penny. On Dec. 21, 1882, Mr. Penny was married to Miss Mary J. Bockins, of Little Britain township, who was born Dec. 25, 1861, daughter of George and Sylvia (Wilson) Bockins, a family of English ori- gin. Besides Mrs. Penny their children were : John L. of Little Britain township; and Fannie M., un- married, a resident of Britain. Mr. Bockins was born in 1817 and died in 1889, his father having been Samuel Bockins, a member of one of the old families of this part of the State. His wife died in 1885. Mr. and Mrs. Penny have no children of their own, but in the kindness of their hearts, they adopt- ed five-year-old Charles R. Clark, who was born Aug. 4, 1885, and he has proven a dutiful and af- fectionate son, honestly grateful for the parental care he has received from Mr. and Mrs. Penny. Both Mr. Penny and wife are members of the Chest- nut Level Presbyterian Church where they are high- ly valued. Mr. Penny enjoys ■ the esteem of his neighbors and the affection of his friends, his estima- ble character being known through the locality. This is one of the truly representative families, in point of character and public respect, in Drumore town- ship. REUBEN K. SCHNADER, a prominent tobac- co merchant of the city of Lancaster, as well as one of its keen, intelligent business men, was born Aug. 692 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 16, 1832, near what is now Terre Hill, East Earl township, this county, son of Jacob and Lydia (Clime) Schnader. The Schnader family originated in this country with the great-great-grandfather of Reuben K., who emigrated, in the early part of the eighteenth cen- tury, to East Earl township, this county, settling on a farm which is still in possession of the Schnaders. It is not known where he is buried. Jacob Schnader, the great-grandfather, was one of the organizers of the Centre Lutheran and Re- formed Church, the site of which was the burial ground of one of his children. When Jacob settled fotir miles back from the Conestoga river, in the virgin forest, all the surrounding country was a wilderness, and he commenced to clear a farm with his axe. He worked with the energy of those men of iron, who seemed to know no fatigue, during his entire life, and at his death this sturdy pioneer was the owner of 1,000 acres of excellent land. Jacob Schnader was a most remahkable man, for he lived to his ninety-fifth year, being born in 1735. arid died in 1829. He was married for the second time at the age of seventy-five. Baltzer Schnader, son of Jacob and grandfather of Reuben K., was born in 1765, at the old home- stead, where he resided until he married Barbara Kitzmiller, when he located in Franklin county, en- gaging in agricultural pursuits for a few years. He then returned to the township where he was born, became the owner of a fine farm of 270 acres, and erected a stone house for a place of residence. This was the first stone house built in the neighborhood ; the roof was imported tiles, and the glass in the windows only four inches square. Jacob Schnader, son of Baltzer and father of Reuben K., was born Dec. 25, 1800, and was one of a family of fourteen children. His death occurred Nov. 13, iR6j, when he was sixty years, ten months and eighteen days old. He married Lydia Clime, who died Jan. 11, 1878, aged seventy-one years, nine months and twenty-three days. Both were interred in Terre Hill Cemetery. During his active life, the father was a farmer of Terre Hill, East Earl town- ship, but retired before his death. Both he and his wife were consistent members of the Evangeli- cal Church, and most worthy and excellent people. To them were boi-n : Caroline, deceased, who mar- ried the late John Bowman of Mt. Joy ; Sophia, de- ceased, wife of the late Jacob Flickinger ; Davis, de- ceased ; William, retired landowner of large means residing in Terre Hill, this county ; Levi, a tinsmith of Adamstown ; Reuben K. ; and Lydia, who mar- ried Isaac R, Garman, an invalid retired from active business, residing at Reamstown, Pennsylvania. The boyhood days of Reuben K. Schnader were similar to those of any hearty country boy, he work- ing upon the farm in summer and attending sub- scription schools whenever opportunity ofifered. When he was nineteen, he went to Clearfield county to prospect for lime, and upon his return passed two years in his native township, in company with his fa- ther operating a dry goods, grocery and grain busi- ness at Terre Hill. His next removal was to Breck- nock township, this county, where for eight years he devoted himself to farming. In 1869 he located in Lancaster, and began handling leaf tobacco, in which line he has built up a large and constantly increasing business, and he also deals in cigars. His goods are reliable and some of his special brands of cigars have a large sale. In his establishment, he gives employment to thirty men, and all modern methods are used in the conduct of his business. On Dec. 27, 1855, ^^^- Schnader was married at. Mechanicsburg, Pa., to Eliza Killian, born July 8, 1837, near Mechanicsburg, daughter of Philip and Nancy (Cunningham) Killian, farmers of Lancaster county. Mrs. Schnader died Nov. 27, 1896, and was iiuried in Woodward Hill Cemetery, Lancaster. Three children were born of this union : Walter R., Albert P. and John J., the latter of whom died in infancy. Walter R. resides in the adjoining house lo his father, with whom he is in partnership; on June 21, 1882, he married Clara, daughter of Philip .Schum, of this city, and they have one child — Ros- coe. A.lbert P. is unmarried and resides with his father, he, too, being in business with him. Since his sons were taken into partnership, Mr. Schnader has transferred the greater portion of the business to their shoulders, and has partially retired. Fraternally Mr. Schnader is a member of Earl Lodge, No. 413, 1. O. O. F., at New Holland, and Lodge No. 68, K. P., at Lancaster. In political mat- ters he is a Prohibitionist, and was school director in his native township six years, and occupied the same oiifice for three years in the city of Lancaster, giving the most complete satisfaction, his interest in educational affairs being deep and intelligent. For twenty-five years he has been Sunday School super- intendent of the Second Evangelical Church, now known as Bethany United Evangelical Church, of which he is one of the most honored members, and he is justly looked up to as one of the leading and generous supporters of that congregation. FILBERT SMITH, one of the best known and most popular freight and passenger conductors in the service of the Pennsylvania Railroad Co., was born at Bain bridge. Lancaster county, Jan. 3, 1851. Mathias W. Smith, his father, was a well-known grocer and much respected citizen of Millersville, who for several years filled the office of coroner. He died Aug. 24, 1895, aged seventy-nine years, five months and twenty-eight days. • He was an earnest Christian, and an earnest member of Bethel Church, as was also his wife, whose maiden name was Mary Rapp, who was born Jan. 8, 1818, and who died April 20, 1902, at the home of her daughter, Eliza- beth, aged eighty- four years, three months and twelve days. By her marriage with Mr. Smith she became the mother of ten children : Simon and Eliza, who died in infancy; Mary (Mrs. Conrad Page);- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 693 Henry, who was drowned in the Pennsylvania canal ; John, in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Co. ; Filbert ; Horace G., a railroad flagman living at Columbia ; Sheaffer S., of York ; Elizabeth, the wife of John Mathis, an iron molder of Royalton; and Edward, whose home is in Philadelphia. The paternal grandfather of Filbert Smith was a farmer, and a life-long resident of Lancaster coun- ty. The family of Rapp were also Lancasterians, Mr. Smith's maternal grandfather, Jacob Rapp, be- ing many years the sexton of the Lutheran Church at Elizabethtown. On July 12, 1875, Filbert Smith was married to Mary C. Killinger, of Lancaster, the wedding taking place at Camden, N. J. Their union having been without issue, they adopted a daughter of his brother, John W. .Smith, whose baptismal name was Pearl. On reaching womanhood she married D. Luther Black, a marble cutter of Columbia. Mrs. Smith was born June 10, 1858. Her father, John F. Killin- ger, was a hotel keeper of Harrisburg from. 1875 un- til 1887, Vifhcn he died, aged fifty-two years ; he mar- ried Catherine Boot, who passed away in 1869, when a young wom.an of thirty-five years. Of their chil- dren Mrs. Smith was the third, the others being Anna, George, John, Edward, Emma, Salina, Sophia and Martha. Mrs. Smith, with her sisters Anna, Emma and Martha, are all that survive. Of these Anna is ATrs. Harry Reese, of Lancaster ; Emma is the wife of Abel Barnett, of Philadelphia ; and Mar- tha also lives in Philadelphia. Sophia, deceased, was the wife of Harry Sanderson. . After the death of Mrs. Smith's m.other, her father married again, his second wife being Mary Peterman, who bore him ■one son, Valentine, since deceased. Filbert Sm.ith remained with his parents until his twenty- fourth }'ear, and in 1875 came to Co- lumbia. Long before that date he had become ac- customed to hard work. When a boy of twelve he began driving along the towpath of the canal, and the next twelve years of his life were spent as a ca- nal boatman. On reaching Columbia he found em- ployment with the Pennsylvania Railroad Company as a brakeman, and eight years later he was given a position as flagman. His next promotion was to the post of freight conductor, and in May, 1900, he was transferred to the company's passenger service. He is of genial disposition, sunny temperament and generous heart, is faithful to his friends and charit- able toward all. He is a member of various social and benevolent organizations, and among them are the ]. O. O. F., the Order of Red Men, Knights ,of the Mystic Shrine, and the Brotherhood of Railway Conductors. He is a Republican politically, and in religious belief an active member of the United Brethren Church. WILLIAM MAXWELL. Few families in Sadsbury township enjoy a higher measure of es- teem than the descendants of the late William Max- well, who for many years was a prominent citizen of Lancaster county, a successful merchant, excel- lent farmer and one who was ever interested in the advancement of all educational and moral enterprises in his locality. The late William Maxwell was born in Stew- artsville, N. J., some six miles from the town of Eastman, June 4, 1791, and after a busy and useful life of sixty years, passed away in his home on the farm now occupied by his daughter, in Sadsbury township, Feb. 4, 1851. His parents were Robert and Elenora (Salone) Maxwell, born in Ireland, but v/ith a mixture of Scotch blood, a combination acknowledged to make the most robust and intelli- gent race of the present time. These parents came in their early married life to America, and settled in the State of New Jersey, where they engaged in farming and where they reared a large family. These were : Margaret, deceased, married Maxwell Kennedy, of Salisbury township, and had a family of twelve children; Elizabeth, deceased, married J^imes Kennedy, and also resided in Salisbury town- ship; Pollen, deceased, married Thomas Barton, and resided in Belvidere, N. J. ; Anna, deceased, mar- ried Adam Ramsey; Jane died unmarried; Mary died unmarried ; John married Mary Maxwell ; and William. William Maxwell spent his early years on a farm, but he was liberally educated, passing through col- lege with honors, becoming a thorough classical scholar. He then embarked in the mercantile busi- ness, in association with his brother-in-law, Adam Ramsey, this partnership continuing until 1817. Prior to his marriage, William Maxwell came to the farm which is still in possession of his children, the estate originally consisting of 260 acres, from which ninety acres were sold some fifteen years ago. Al- though he was left an orphan at the age of eight years, he became a useful member of society, was noted for his industry and close attention to business, living a jiarticularly unobtrusive life. This, how- ever, did not prevent an active interest in educational and religious matters, his liberality assisting in the advancement of many beneficial enterprises. Al- though not connected by membership, he was a constant attendant and generous supporter of the Presbyterian Church. His political interest was with the Republican party. On Feb. 20, 1817, William Maxwell was married in Sadsbury township, to Hannah Templin, and the children born to this union were: Ellen E., who was born Aug. 12, 1818, now resides on the old homestead; Henrietta T., born Jan. 3, 1820, died June 6, 1902 ; Jane T., born Dec. 13, 1821, died March 31, 1902 ; Robert, born July 13, 1823, married Mary Rea, and died in 1899, having been an elder in the Presbyterian Church for forty-five years; Richard T., who married Maria Stoner, died from a wound received during service in the Civil war ; Henry, born July 2, 1830, died in 1856, unmarried; Mary T., born April 23, 1828, died June 25, 1890; Edward, born May 27, 1832, died in infancy; Han- 694 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ford, born April 5, 1835, died Feb. 4, 1854, all of these having come into the world in the old home- stead which has for the survivors the pleasant asso- ciations of a life-time. The three daughters of William ]\Iaxwell were all ladies of education, in- telligence and refinement. Their memories of their parents were among their most precious recollec- tions. They were universally esteemed through the neighborhood, and all were leading and consistent members of the Presbyterian Church. Dr. J. R. Maxwell, only son of the late Robert Maxwell, has practiced medicine in Parkesburg, Pa., since 1888. JOH'N LEVERGOOD, M. D. The medical fraternity of Lancaster has numbered among its members some very prominent physicians in the past who have conferred great honor upon their noble profession. For four decades prior to 1891 Dr. John Levergood was one of the leading physicians and surgeons of the city, and a man who was very prominent in its municipal and educational life. His surviving widow was the daughter of one of Lancaster's leading public men in past years. Judge Emanuel Schaeffer. Dr. Levergood was born in Lower Windsor town- ship, York Co., Pa., Feb. 13, 1826, and died in Lan- caster July 5, 1 89 1, the greensward of Woodward Hill Cemetery covering all that is mortal of him. He was the son of Jacob and Frances (Litzenberger) Levergood, the former of York, and the latter of I^ancaster county, where Jacob died in 1850, his wife dying in Wrightsville, Pa., March 3, 1893, at the advanced age of ninety years. Jacob Levergood was an extensive farmer of York county and promi- nent in the public life of his community for many years. His children were: William, a retired school teacher of Philadelphia, Pa. ; Jacob P., in the tobacco business, Wrightsville, Pa., where he is also justice of the peace; and John. On Oct. 25, 1849, in Lancaster, Pa., Dr. Lever- good was married to Margaret Louisa Schaeffer, who was born in Lancaster, Pa., a daughter of Hon. Emanuel and Elizabeth (Metzger) Schaeffer. Emanuel Schaeffer was a native of this county, born P"eb. 27, 1793. Having lost his father when young, his mother and her children became part of the household of his maternal grandfather, John Miller, an eminent citizen of Lancaster, once high sheriff of the county, and also a member of the State Senate. On March 14, 1781, John Miller was ap- pointed by the Supreme Executive Council of Penn- sylvania, a commissioner of purchase for the county of Lancaster, and was active in the patriot cause ; his descendants are, to-day, found in the McNeal, SchaetTer and Keller families in this county. At the age of fifteen, Emanuel Schaeffer was apprenticed by his grandfather to a harnessmaker, and after learning the trade, followed it until he had saved enough to go into business for himself. At the age of twenty-five he was married to Mary Metzger, who died five years later, and he then married on March 8, 1827, a sister of his first wife, Elizabeth Metzger, who was born Sept. 3, 1803, and, died Nov. 6, 1856, leaving the following children: Mary E., deceased wife of John Herr ; Margaret Louisa, Mrs. Levergood; Emelirie R., deceased wife of Henry Brady McNeal; and Emanuel W., a retired saddler of Harrisburg, Pa. The third wife of Mr. Schaeffer was Mrs. Winebrenner, a native of Ohio, and who died, leaving no children, in the State of Illinois. In 1841, Judge Schaeffer was appointed by Gov. Por- ter, associate judge of the courts of Lancaster, which position he held for the following five years, when he was reappointed by Gov. Shunk, and discharged his duties with great fidelity for four years more. He was prominent in municipal affairs also, having served for thirteen years in the City Council, besides filling many other offices of trust. He was also connected with one of the financial institutions of the town, having been in 1841 elected president of the Lan- caster Savings Institution, and which position he held for many years. In religious matters he was exceedingly zealous. From the organization of the Church of God in Lancaster, he was an elder, re- ceiving his election annually, and he also acted as Superintendent of the Sabbath School, and was a delegate to the East Pennsylvania and General El- derships for a number of years. His death occurred Nov. 13, 1864, in Newburg, Cumberland Co., Pa., where he was at the time in attendance as a delegate to the Eldership of his church denomination. The early life of .John Levergood was passed un- der the strictest of Presbyterian training. His fa- ther sent him at the age of eleven to the York Acad- emy, the principal of which at that time was an old school Presbyterian preacher. Here he attend- ed for three years, and then was entered as a student at Strasburg Academy, whose principal was again an old school Presbyterian, in the person of the Rev. David McCarter. Here he studied for the following three years, and then took up the study of his pro- fession with Dr. Washington L. Atlee, of Philadel- phia, Pa., and with whose family he resided during the term of his reading. He passed the examina- tion and was licensed to practice his profession in 1847, but continued with Dr. Atlee until the spring of 1848, at which time he began active practice for himself in the town of Wrightsville, Pa. It was here he married, and soon after removed to Lancaster, where he practiced with the exception of two rears and three months spent in the army as surgeon, un- til the date of his death. Before going into the army, he served his country lovally in the hospital service, being on duty in the Lancaster County Hospital,, and resigning from that position to accept a sur- geon's commission in the regular army offered him by Gov. Curtin. He went to the front and served faithfully to the close of the war in alleviating the sufferings of the noble "boys in blue." Returning to his home, he was appointed by President An- drew Johnson examining pension surgeon of the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 695 Lancaster County District, in which position he served for two years. Dr. I ,evergood was a power in the municipal life of his community, and was found ever ready to sac- rifice his valuable time and great executive ability in the furtherance of her progress. He was a mem- ber of the common council during the years 1880 and i88t, during which time he acted as president of the same. One of the measures which he carried through while a member of that body, and which resulted in a great financial saving to the city, was a joint res- olution instructing the Finance committee to refund city bonds to the amount of $200,000 at a lower rate of interest. This measure was carried and resulted in saving to the city the sum of $4,000. He also took an active part in the movement to abolish the old volunteer fire department, and to substitute the pres- ent efficient paid department. The public work of Dr. Levergood was probably more efficient in the line of his dtities as a school director than in any other line, he having been a member of the board of education almost continuously from 1859 until 1889. In this body he is remembered as a splendid parlia- mentarian, and he left a code of rules governing that body which is in use at the present time. His decisions as president of the board were always just, and very rarely appealed from or reversed. In so- cial life he was a prominent member of the I. O. O. F., likewise a member of the Encampment. In po- litical faith he adhered to the principles of the party of Jefferson, and was an- active worker in the ranks of that organization. The history of Lancaster county could not be written without mention of the services of this eminent man. HARRY S. STOLL, foreman of a section crew on the Pennsylvania railroad, has his home in Florin, where he is highly esteemed by all who know him. Mr. Stoll was born in Elizabethtown, Pa., June 14, 1849, a son of John and Barbara (Harry) Stoll, na- tives of Wurtemberg, Germany. John Stoll came to this country when a young man and settled in Elizabethtown, whither his wife had come the previous year. For forty-six years he was a section foreman for the Pennsylvania com- pany, and at his death had been on the retired list for eight years. He died Nov. 12, 1897, at the age of eighty years ; and his wife Dec. 15, 1895, at the age of seventy-five years. They were both buried in the cemetery at Florin, having made that bor- ough their home since 1854. Mr. Stoll was a Dem- ocrat, and both were members of the Methodist Church. The following were their children : Mary married George G. Lindsay, who is in business at Marietta, Pa. ; Harry S. ; John H. is a passenger and ticket agent at Mt. Joy; Frank is a "boss" section foreman at Landisville ; and Reuben is deceased. The oaternal grandfather of Mr. Stoll was John ' Stoll, of Germany, where he spent his life in farm- ing. The maternal grandparents of Mr. Stoll also lived and died in Germany. Harry S. Stoll and Miss Lydia Geistwhite were married in Florin, Pa., Oct. 13, 1870, and they have become the parents of the following children : Ed- win B., a telegraph operator at Pittsburg, married Mamie Winters, and is the father of two children, Leroy and Ruth ; Elizabeth A. is the wife of Charles Warner, of Pikesville, Pa. ; Mary is deceased ; Har- vey is also deceased; and Dora and Bertha are at home. Mrs. Lydia (Geistwhite) Stoll was born in Mt. Joy township, April 23, 1850, a daughter of John and Mary (Hoffman) Geistwhite, natives of Dauph- in county, and Mt. Joy township, respectively. Her father came to Lancaster county, settling in the township of Mt. Joy where his life was spent, and where he died in March, 1846, at the age of forty- six years. His remains now rest in the cemetery at Florin. His wife was born in 1829, and is now liv- ing with her daughter in Florin. Both Mr. and Mrs. Geistwhite were members of the Methodist Church. They were parents of the following family : Lydia. became Mrs. Stoll ; Henry, who died at the age of twenty-three j'ears, was working on the railroad ; and Elizabeth married Flenry Musselman, a coach trimmer of Florin. Mrs. StoU's paternal grandpar- ents were John and Elizabeth (Winagle) Geist- white, both natives of Dauphin county, but whose latter days were spent with their granddaughter, Mrs. Stoll. Her maternal grandparents were Jacob and Mary (Shaffer) Hoffman, both of Lancaster county, where he followed the occupation of a fence maker. Harry S. Stoll spent his boyhood days on the farm, but for the past thirty-nine years has been in the employ of the railroad company. For five years he was assistant foreman, and for twenty-six years has been foreman of the section for the com- pany. An alert and active man, he has an eye for every feature of the service, and is regarded as one of the most valuable on the line. Mr. Stoll is a member of the Methodist Church, and in his poli- tics is a Democrat. Socially he is a member of the Knights of Pythias, and is highly esteemed in that fraternal order. JOSEPH DICKINSON COATS POWNALL, a retired farmer of Christiana, was born in Solebury township, Bucks county, March 26, 1840, son of Hon. Moses and Susanna (Walker) Pownall. Hon. Moses Pownall was born Aug. 5, 1815, and was a farmer and a merchant. From 1847 to 1849 he operated a store in Christiana, dealt in coal and lumber, and was interested in a planing mill in Co- lumbia Until T851, when a fire destroyed about $4,- 000 worth of lumber for him, He was associated in the firm of Pownall, Dickinson, John L. Wright & Son. The year he was married he moved to Bucks county, v/here he farmed until 1845, going from there to Christiana to take up a mercantile business as noted above. In 1850 he was elected a representa- tive in the General Assembly, and was re-elected for 696 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the succeeding term. While in Bucks county he held the position of justice of the peace and sus- tained a good reputation as a business man. His death occurred Feb. 12, 1854. His widow, whose maiden name was Susanna Walker, was born June 29, 1820, and died March 26, 1882. Both were bur- ied in Old Friends Cemetery, Sadsbury township, they being members of the Society of Friends. They had only one child, Joseph D. C. The paternal grandparents of Joseph D. C. Pownall were Joseph and Phoebe (Dickinson) ~ Pownall, of whom the former was born Jan. 5, 1791, and died in 1870. The maternal grandparents of Mr. Pownall were Asahel and Sarah (Coats) Walker, being farming people of Sadsbury township. Joseph D. C. Pownall was married Feb. 17, 1864, in Philadelphia, to Mary Haines Stubbs, by whom he had the following children: M. Wilmer, cashier of the First National Bank in Coatesville, Pa., mar- ried Phoebe Thom.pson, by whom he has two chil- dren, William J., and Malcolm Thompson; Susanna died in infancy; Vincent S., now in the hardware business in Coatesville, married Bertha Walton, by whom he has had one child, Ruth E. ; M. Elizabeth married E. Clayton Walton, also in hardware busi- ness in Coatesville ; S. PIdna is at home. Mrs. Pownall was born in Fulton township, Lancaster county, and is the daughter of Vincent and Mary (Haines) Stubbs, the father being a native of Fulton township,' and the mother of Cecil county, Md. Mr. Stubbs remained all his life on a farm in Fulton township, where he died April 8. 1875, 3-t the ag^e of seventy- eight years. From 1854 he had lived retired from active work. His wife, the mother of Mrs. Pownall, died Feb. 28, 1874, being seventy-one years and nine months old. They were buried in the Friends Meet- ing House Cemetery in Penn Hill, Little Britain township. Mr. and Mrs. Stubbs had the following children : Joseph died at the age of eighteen years ; Rebecca is the widow of Steven Richards, and lives in Cecil county, Md. ; Thomas is deceased; Elizabeth Oxford is the widow of Dr. A. P. Patterson; Ver- linda married Thomas R. Neel, a retired farmer of Christiana, Pa. ; Hannah is the widow of Samuel Parry, and has her home in Oxford, Pa. ; Sophia married Thomas Smedley, and is deceased ; Pris- cilla is the widow of Clavton Harland, and has her home in Oxford, Pa. ; and Mary H. is Mrs. Pownall. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Pownall were Vincent and Priscilla (Cooper) Stubbs, farm- ing people of Fulton township. Her maternal grand- parents were Joseph and Rebecca (Reynolds) Haines, farming people of CecU county, Maryland. Joseph D. C. Pownall spent the first seven years of his life on the farm, and was then brought by his parents into Christiana. When he was eleven years of age he began clerking in the store of Mr. Coats, in which his mother bought a half interest, and remained there from 185 1 to 1859. While en- gaged in that store he sold the powder that was used in the Christiana Riot of 1859. Mr. Pownall was a student for a time in the State Normal School at Millersville. For a few years he was interested in a mercantile enterprise with T. B. Mercer, and for four years he was engaged in farming in Sadsbury township ; but then returning to Christiana, where he became engaged in a general mercantile business, in which he continued until 1882. From 1880 to 1896 he was connected with brick and pottery manu- facturing. With his family he belongs to the Soci- ety of Friends, and is counted among the solid and substantial citizens of the community. In his poli- tics he is a Republican. HENRY S. HERSHEY, general manager of the Chestnut Hill Ore Mines, in West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, where his residence is also located, was born on the banks of the Big Chick- ies creek, in the same township, March 16, 1827, and is a son of Christian and Elizabeth (Strickler) Hershey, natives, respectively, of Donegal and Raphe townships. Christian Hershey moved to Columbia, Pa., in 1846, and was there employed by a brother, -Ephraim Hershey, in a mill. Christian Hershey became a man of considerable influence; was one of the board of directors in West Hempfield township, upon the adoption of the free school system ; was county com- missioner for Lancaste'r county prior to 1840 ; and was also tax collector for the borough of Columbia for several years. His death occurred in Columbia in 1883, when he was aged eighty-two years, and that of his wife, who was born in 1804, occurred in the same city in 1871. They were among the founders of the United Brethren Church in Columbia, and their remains were interred in Mount Bethel ceme- tery. In politics Mr. Hershey was a Republican. The children of Christian and Elizabeth Hershey were as follows : Henry S., who is mentioned at the opening of this sketch : Peter, who was killed on the Mississippi river in 1859, by the explosion of the boilers of the steamer "Princess ;" EHzabeth, widow of Thomas P. Cooper, of Columbia, Pa. ; Ephraim, deceased; David, an engineer in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railway Company, and residing in Philadelphia ; Samuel, who was killed when six years old by a kick from a horse ; Isaiah and Amos, who died young ; and Wilhelmina, who died when an in- fant. The paternal grandparents of Henry S. Hersh- ey were Peter and Anna (Brenneman) Hershey, the former of whom was a farmer ; he fell from and was run over by his wagon and was killed. Henry S. Hershey was born on a farm, and re- mained there with his parents until thirteen years old, when he went to Pittsburg and resided with an uncle and attended school until 1843. He returned to his native township in 1845, and followed milling until 1848, when he went West, passing the time in Illinois and Missouri until 1853. Returning home, he followed his trade until 1863, when he removed to Center county, Pa., and there followed lumbering for a year and a half. He next went to Columbia, ^. ^, y)^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 697 where he held an official position with the Susque- hanna Rolling Mill Company from 1864 until 1868, and then operated the Chickies Rolling Mill three years, after which he engaged in coach building until 1886. In politics a Republican, Mr. Hershey served two terms as justice of the peace while engaged in coach- making, his last term expiring in 1896, and also served as borough councilman of Columbia several terms. In 1897 he was appointed to his present posi- tion, and in August, 1900, moved to his present home. Henry S. Hershey was married, in Columbia, Oct. 4, 1855, to Miss Margaret S. Cox, and this mar- riage has Ijeen blessed with the following named children: Alice, wife of William B. Stephenson, a civil engineer in Tacoma, Wash.; Margaret, who died when fifteen years old; Mary E., widow of Frank II. Steacy, who was a chemist of prominence in Columbia; Anna B., who is unmarried, and lives with her father ; Bertha, who died at the age of eight years ; and Henry B., an electrical engineer, a gradu- ate of the Lehigh University, and a resident of New York City. Mrs. Margaret S. (Cox) Hershey was born in Lancaster, Pa., and died in Columbia in June, 1896, aged fifty-nine years ; her remains were interred in Mount Bethel cemetery. She was a daughter of Thomas and Margaret Cox, of the State of Delaware, both of whom died in Columbia, Pa., where the fa- ther had been engaged in the coal business, and had also carried on the manufacture of stages and coaches in Lancaster. Henry S. Hershey is a consistent member of the M. E. Church, and in politics is a Republican. He has traveled nearly all over the United States, and has made friends wherever he has been. He is still healthy and strong, and remarkably activfe for his age, and no man in the township commands more profound respect than that which is freely shown to him. JACOB L. RANCK. Among the prominent farmer-citizens of Strasbnrg township, Lancaster county, is Jacob L. Ranck, who was born on his fa- ther's homestead, in Paradise township May 27, 1842, a son of Jacob and Susan (Leaman) Ranck, T>oth of whom are deceased, the father in 1876, pass- ing away at the age of sixty-five, the mother surviv- ing until 1883. Jacob Kanck, the father of Jacob L., was a son of Jacob and Annie (Stuck) Ranck and was reared in Paradise township, under the watchful and care- ful eye of his mother, who was early left a widow, and was a v/oman of verv superior attainments and great force of character. When an older brother took charge of the farm, Jacob remained for eight years on the hom.e.farm, and then began farming opera- tions for himself, conducting an estate consisting of no acres, where he lived for some two years previ- ous to his marriage, his sisters keeping house for him. It was remarked. of Jacob Ranck that he al- ways had an object in view and steadily worked toward it, and in this way he succeeded where many men would have failed. His life was a quiet one, as he loved his home and v^^as domestic in his tastes, de- voted to the interests of his family and friends. At the tmie of his decease he had the satisfaction of knowing that he had done his full duty toward his children, giving each one a farm which he had earned for them. Both he and wife were members of the Old Mennonite Church and none were more truly worthy of the esteem of their neighbors. The five children born to these good people were : Ben- jamin, a resident of Paradise township ; John K., who was a farmer and a minister ; Jacob L. ; Annie, deceased, who was the wife of Bishop Abraham B. Herr, of New Danville; and Amos L., who resides on the old homestead, in Paradise township. Jacob L. Ranck was reared on the old farm and was educated in the public schools, growing to stur- dy manhood, alternating school with work on the farm. At the age of twenty-four he began opera- tions on his own account on the farm his father had purchased for him, in Strasburg township, located about one mile northeast of Strasburg. When Jacob L. took charge of the place, it was sadly in need of improvement, as it had been much neglected, but in a very short time things put on a quite different ap- pearance and it now ranks with the best in the county. For some thirty-two years he resided on this place, becoming one of the leading farmers and, following the example of his father, has provided farms in Strasburg township, for his three children. A stockholder and director in the Strasburg Na- tional Bank, he is reckoned one of the solid and sub- stantial men of the county, and for ten years has been a member of the school board, always taking a deep interest in educational matters. In 1898 he erected a fine modern residence near Strasburg — one of the best houses in the neighborhood. On Oct. 31, 1865, Jacob L. Ranck was married to Hettie Herr, daughter of Rev. Amos and Elizabeth (Rohrer) Herr, born in West Lampeter township. Time II, 1844, and the children born of this union were: a son that died in infancy; Elizabeth, who died at the age of twelve; Amanda, who died at the age of ten ; Amos, who died at the age of twenty months ; Reuben, who died at the age of thirteen months: Milton H., born June 2, 1877, a tobacco packer in Strasburg, who lives at home ; Anna N., born June 28, t88o, living at home; and S. Etta, born April 5, 1883. The family are all members of the Old Mennonite Church, with which their ances- tors and connections have been so closely allied, and are among the most esteemed of the congregation in Strasburg, where ]Mr. Ranck is one of the trus- tees. MAHLON B. KENT, whose long and credita- ble career as a hardware merchant at Christiana abundantly deserves the well earned rest he is now taking, was born in West Fallowfield, Chester Co., 698 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Pa., Nov. 14, 1841, son of Daniel and Sarah (Bro- sius) Kent, natives of East and West Fallowfield townships, respectively. Daniel Kent, who was a farmer, died in 1881, at the age of seventy-nine, proving himself a thorough- ly competent and successful business man, and skilled in agricultural industry. He married Sarah Bro- sius, daughter of Plenry and Mary (Roberts) Brosius, farming people of Chester county. She survived until 1894, dying at the age of eighty-six. They were members of the Religious Society of Friends. Their children were as follows: Mary B., who married, first, Caleb M. Brosius, second, Harry Perry, and third, Elihu M. Clark, is now de- ceased; Anna E., deceased, married Isaac D. Shoe- maker : Agnes J., deceased, married J. Calvin Bick- ing; Henry B. married Jane W. Bailey, of Cam- bridge, Chester county ; Ruthama married H. K. Cooper, of Chester county; William L. G. married, first, Elizabeth Shoemaker, and second, Anna E. Lofland ; Mahlon B. ; and Thomas E. and Sally A. both died young. The paternal grandparents of Mahlon B. Kent were Daniel, Sr., and Esther (Hawley) Kent. Daniel Kent, Sr., was born in Limerick, Ireland, and came to this country in his twentieth year, on the brigan- tine "Asia." He bound himself by indenture, dated May 21, 1785, in the sura of £10, los. to the mas- ter, John Johnson, to pay for his passage. On his arrival in Philadelphia the indenture was signed over to Joseph Hawley in consideration of £14, los. paid by him. The young emigrant faithfully served his time, and afterward married Esther Hawley, a daughter of his benefactor. He engaged in farming in Chester county, though by trade a cutler, and at- tained considerable prominence in his new home, serving as justice of the peace for many years. Mahlon B. Kent was twice married. In 1867, in Philadelphia, he wedded Maranda Brosius, who be- came the m.other of one child, Wilfred M., who died at the age of four months and twenty days. Mrs: Kent was born in Colerain township, Lancaster county, in February, 1842, and died June 12, 1872. She was a sister of the Hon. Marriott Brosius, whose sketch appears elsewhere. On Nov. 14, 1874, in Chester county, Mr. Kent married for his second wife Anna Roberts Walton, who was born in West Fallowfield township, Chester county, in 1835, a daughter of Isaac and Mary (Walton) Walton, the former a successful farmer of that locality. Mahlon B. Kent was reared on a farm, and there he remained until 187,^. The following year he se- cured a position as Indian Agent, and was stationed at the government reservation in Richardson county, Neb. For seven years he well and faithfully ful- filled the arduous duties of this place, when he en- gaged in the hardware business at White Cloud, Kans., continuing same for five years. Following his stay at White Cloud, he was in the coal and lum- ber business for two years at Hockessin, Del., but this business did not prove congenial, and he came to Christiana in 1893, to find a home, which he has m.aintained to the present time. For six years Mr. Kent has held a position in the borough council, for four years acting as president of that body. In re- ligion he is a member of the Friends' Association, and in politics he is a Republican. JOHN E. HERSHEY, a representative farmer in Lancaster city, belongs to one of the most highly respected agricultural families of this county. John Hershey, his grandfather, lived and died near Bareville, this county, where his farm was one of the best cultivated and most productive. Through life a consistent member of the Old Mennonite Church, he lived a quiet, unostentatious life, devoted to his work, his religious duties and his family. His children were: EHza, deceased, who was the wife of Everheart Weaver; Maria, who was the wife of John Landis ; Annie, who was the wife of Peter Brown ; Lydia, who was the wife of Samuel Grofif ; Andrew, who was a farmer near Bareville ; Saniuel, the father of John E. ; and Jacob, who was a farm- er and miller, near Leaman, this county. Samuel Hershey was born on the old homestead, about 1813, and was devoted to the tillage of the soil during his long and useful life, which closed in 1873. Tn politics he was a Republican and held the office of school director a number of years. His religious connection was with the Old Mennonite Church. He was thrice married. His first wife, Nancy GrofF, died leaving no children. By his sec- ond wife, Elizabeth Eby, five children were born, of whom the eldest died in infancy; Eby (deceased) was a farmer of Strasburg township ; John E. is our subject; Mary is unmarried; and Milton E. is a farmer of Lancaster township. After the death of his second wife, Mr. Hershey was married to Fanny Lintner, who still survives. The children of this union are: Lintner, a farmer, residing with his mother; Aldus, a farmer of Lancaster township; "VVillis, of Lancaster township ; and Ella, who resides at home. John E. Hershey was born on the home farm, ad- joining the place where he now resides, in February, 1846. His education was acquired in the public schools, and he remained with his parents until he was twenty-three years of age, beginning then his own career by taking charge of a farm adjoining, uiion which he remained for three years, when he moved to his present location. Here Mr. Hershey has expended time, energy and labor, the result be- ing one of the best eighty-acre tracts in this locality. Its value is enhanced on account of its location being partly within the city hmits of Lancaster. This land originally belonged to his father, and was purchased from the latter's estate. Mr. Hershey has most com- fortable and appropriate buildings, bpth for resi- dence and for dairying, having been in the latter business for thirty-two years. ^During the past fif- teen years he has been fattening horses for New York dealers. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 699 Mr. Hershey was married to Annie Bausman, and six ciiildren were born to this union : Mary, at home ; Clayton, who died at the age of five years ; Albert, who died at the age of three years; Edith, at home ; Laura, who died at the age of nine years ; and Florence, who died at the age of seven years. Mr. Hershey is one of the most respected and sub- stantial residents of the township, is well known through the city of Lancaster, and is a thoroughly ' representative citizen. His political support is given to the Republican party. JACOB ZERCIIER, a general farmer and a man of much character and standing in Mt. Joy, was born in Pequea township, Lancaster county, Dec. 25, 1840, a son of Andrew and Elizabeth (Johnson) Zercher, of Lancaster county. His grandparents were also natives and residents of Lancaster county. Andrew Zercher died in Conestoga township in 1889 at the age of seventy-eight years, and was bur- ied in the cemetery connected with the Pequea Meet- ing Hoitse, in the township of that name. In his younger days he was a wagon maker, and from 1845 to 1866 he was engaged in farming. His last years were spent in retirement. Mrs. Elizabeth Zercher, who is still living in Conestoga township, was born in February, 1809. They were the parents of the following children: John J., who died at the age of thirty- two years; Benjamin, who died at the age of eighteen years ; Jacob ; and Elizabeth, who mar- ried CJhrist. B. Miller, a farmer of Conestoga. Jacob Zercher was married in November, 1866, in West Hempfield township, to Lizzie S. Hostet- ter, and born to this union were : Ezra H., a farm- er in East Donegal, who married Lizzie Hertzler; Lizzie, the wife of Jacob N. Hfershey, who is in the creamery business in East Berlin, Pa. ; Mary, mar- ried to Ezra H. Engle, a farmer ; Fanny, who mar- ried Abigner Martin, a farmer of West Donegal; Andrew, at home ; Anna, who died young ; Naomi, who is at home unmarried ; Jacob, deceased, twin to Naomi ; and Martha and Ira J., at home. Mrs. Lizzie (Hostetter) Zercher was born in West Hempfield township March 15, 1844, daughter of Rev. Jacob and Anna (Stauffer) Hostetter, na- tives of West Hempfield and Donegal townships, both of whom died in West Hempfield. Her father was a farmer and died in December, 1888, at the age of ninety years ; her mother died the same year at the age of eighty-two years. Both were members of the River Brethren Church, and were buried in the Cross Roads Church Cemetery in Donegal town- ship. The father was a bishop in his church for many years, and was a consecrated and devoted Christian. The following children were born to them : Abraham, a retired farmer in Rapho town- ship ; Catherine, who married Martin Musser, a retired farmer in West Hempfield ; jacob, now a re- tired farmer in West Hempfield ; Martua, who mar- ried Michael Grove, a retired farmer in w est Hemp- field; Christian, a retired farmer living on the old homestead in the township of Rapho; Mary, de- ceased wife, of Eli Lindemuth; Anna, who is the widow of Abraham Engle, and is living in Donegal township ; Susan, who married Benjamin Zeigler, a farmer in Providence, Lancaster county ; and Lizzie. Jacob Zercher remained with his parents until 1867, when he began farming for himself, leasing land of his father, paying his rent with a share of the produce. This he continued for six years, when he took charge of his present farm of two hundred acres. Here he has done well, both in general farm- ing, and in the specialties of horse and cattle breed- ing to which he gives close attention. Mr. Zercher is "a m.ember of the Church of the River Brethren, and is regarded as one of the solid and reliable mem- bers of that commvinion. An energetic and progres- sive citizen, he has won a good place in life, and holds the confidence and respect of the community to a marked degree. AMOS K. HERR, a retired farmer, and one of the well-known and highly respected citizens of Lan- caster, was born Nov. 15, 1839, a son of John and Fanny ( Greider) Herr, the former a native of Stras- burg township, and the latter of West Lampeter township, both of this county. John Herr was engaged in farming until 1889, when he retired, removing to Lancaster, and oc- cupied himself with cultivating some fifteen acres, all of which land was in excellent condition. His death occurred Oct. 11, 1894, when he was eighty- six years, ten months and twenty-two days old, and his wife died Aug. 26, 1878, aged seventy-eight years, one month and fourteen days. Both are bur- ied in Longnecker Cemetery, and they were prom- inent in the A([ennonite Church. The family born to them was as follows : Christian, who died Dec. 6, 1855, aged twenty-two years, one month and four days "; Abraham K., who died Nov. 7, 1896, aged six- ty-one years, seven months and twenty-one days; Anna, who died Feb. 21, 1886, aged forty-eight years and se-\'en months, and who was the wife of Franklin Bowman ; Amos K. ; Fanny, who married George L. Buckwalder, a retired farmer of E. Lampeter township ; and Susan, who married B. F. Herr, of Millersville, Pa., a prominent merchant and ex -physician. The paternal grandfather was Martin Herr, a prominent farmer of Lancaster coun- ty ; he married Susannah Buckwalder. The boyhood days of Amos K. Hlsrr were spent upon a farm, and when he attained manhood's estate, he engaged in farming for himself, and also manu- factured bricks at Strasburg, Pa., in 1876, becoming a partner of Jacob Lahr in the latter calling. This partnership continued seven years, when it was dis- solved and for five years Mr. Herr continued the manufacture alone, then sold his interests, and in 1 89 1 retired to Lancaster, where he has since resided, enjoying the fruits of his years of labor. On Feb. 2, 1879, in Lancaster, Mr. Herr was married to Elizabeth Kohr, born Nov. 17, 1839, in 700 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Conestoga township, daughter of Bishop John Kohr, Sr., of Manheim township. One child was born to Mr. and Mrs. Herr, John K., a machinist, who resides at home. For forty years Mr. Herr has been a member of the New Mennonite Church, and is a man of sterling integrity and uprightness of pur- pose, who enjoys the good will and confidence of the community in which he makes his home. SAMUEL- S. HIGH (deceased) belonged to that class of business men who leave an impress upon their day and generation, through the integrity of their dealings and the uprightness of their lives. At his death the city of Lancaster parted with one of her most useful and progressive citizens. Mr. High belonged to Lancaster county by parentage and birth, the latter taking place Nov. 28, 1839, in East Earl township. His parents were Jacob and Susan (Hoffman) High. The early rearing of Mr. High was on a farm, and his education was obtained in the country schools. While still a young man he was engaged in storekeeping with his brother, ex-Sheriff John H. High, at Spring Grove, for a period of eight years. Moving then to Ephrata he embarked in a mercantile business, continuing at this point until 1872, when he came to Lancaster. Here Mr. High entered into a partnership with Isaac Stirk, the firm name being, Stirk & High, and, the business was located on the present site of the large new store of Watt & Shand. This was called China Hall, and a very large and prosperous business was carried on here, the firm gaining friends and patrons for many miles in the vicinity of Lancaster. In 1875 Mr. Stirk retired and Mr. High took into partnership J. Charles Martin, his step-son, and the firm style was changed to High & Martin, and the business was located at No. 15 East King street. The first marriage of Mr. High was to Harriet Geist, a native of Earl township, who died without issue. His second marriage was to Mrs. Catherine TKinzer) Martin; By her first husband, John J. Martin, Mrs. High has two children, viz. : Laura, who married Landis Levan, a miller, in Lancaster township, and they have five children; and J. Charles, a retired merchant of Lancaster, who has one child. Mrs. High was born in East Earl town- ship, daughter of Amos S. and Maria L. (Himes) Kinzer, of Lancaster. Mr. Martin was a farmer in East Earl township, where he died in 1852, aged twenty -seven years, and was buried in the Weaver- land cemetery in that township. Mr. High was a thorough and practical business man and was- relied upon for his excellent judgment and keen insight. His prosperity was won through industry and honorable methods, and when he died, the community lost a valued citizen. His progres- sive character was shown in his connection with some of the leading enterprises of the city. He was interested in the Electric Lighting Co. and the Street Railway Co., and also the Steam Radiator Co., of Lancaster, and was secretary of the Poplar Bluffs Lumber & Mfg. Co., of Missouri. Although he had so many business interests, he never forgot his religious duties and was an active worker in St. John's Lutheran Church, trustee in the same, and was chairman of the building committee. At various times he was trustee and elder, and for many years, superintendent of the Sunday-school. He was a man who lived up to his principles and thus won the sincere esteem of all who knew him. ABRAHAM E. STAUFFER, a general farmer and highly respected resident of Silver Spring, in West Hempfield township, was born in Chickies, that township, Sept. 11, 1833, son of Henry and Elizabeth fEshleman) Stauffer, both of whom lived and died in West Hempfield township. Henry Stauffer was a farmer by vocation and was quite a prominent and influential citizen, and for some years served his fellow townsmen a? school director and supervisor. His death occurred in 1890, when eighty-three years old; that of his first wife had taken place much earlier — in 1849, when forty- two years of age. To the marriage of Henry and Elizabeth (Eshleman) Stauffer were born the fol- lowing named children: Anna, widow of Jacob Risser, of Maytown ; Hettie, wife of Jacob Bowers, of Downersville ; Elizabeth, who died young ; Abra- ham E. ; Jacob, a farmer in West Hempfield town- ship; Barbara, deceased wife of Michael Schindle; Mary, the wife of John Fridy, a farmer of West Plempfield township ; And Miss Susannah, deceased. Some time after the demise of his first wife, Henry , Stauffer married Barbara Harnish, and to this union were born two children, both of whom died young. The paternal grandparents of Abraham E. Stairf- f er were natives of Lancaster county, and were farm- ing people, and the same may be stated of the ma- ternal grandparents. Abraham E. Stauffer assisted on the home farm until he had attained his majority, then 'rented the home place for three years, and carried on agricul- ture on his own accoimt. At the termination of this period, Henry Stauffer deeded the farm to his son Abraham, on the sole condition .that the latter was to pay the former a limited sum annually during life. Two years later Abraham traded the old place for his present farm of forty-seven acres. _ In October, 1854, Abraham E. Stauffer was joined in matrimony at Black Horse, this county, with Miss Adaline B. Hoffman, who was born in East Hempfield township in October, 1836, a daugh- ter of John and Catherine (Ballmer) Hoffman, of Lancaster county. To this marriage have been born five children, viz : Mary A., 'who married Andrew G. Shirk, a railroad flagman in Columbia, and has one daughter, Adaline S. ; Miama H., who married Adam D. Heidlauf, of West Hempfield, and has a son, Phares S. ; Hiram H., of Manor township, who married Frances Garber, and has two children, Clar- ence G. and Anna May ; Catharine H., who married BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS. OF LANCASTER COUNTY 701 Aram Lenhard, a farmer of West Hempfield, and has a daughter Saloma S. ; and Milton H., unmar- ried, and living at home. Abraham E. Staufifer has ever been a hard-work- ing farmer and an upright man, whose course through life has been of that even tenor as to gain the respect unsought, of the entire community in which he has passed so many years of his useful life. In politics he is a Republican. MARIS B. WEAVER. Among the energetic and successful business men, long and well-known in Lampeter, is Maris B. Weaver, a member of the old established family of that name, of whom this record has had much to say. Maris B. Weaver was born in Conestoga town- ship, Jan. 8, 1848, son of Simon R., and a grandson of Sam.uel, Weaver, both old residents of the county. Simon R. Weaver was born on the farm near Lampeter, which is now the property of Henry Shaub, and there he was reared and learned the blacksmith trade, which he followed some ten years, his place of business being at Conestoga Center, but he later engaged in farming for a number of years, returniug to his trade, previous to his decease, which occurred at the age of forty-six. He married Het- tie Bachman, daughter of John Bachman, of Pequea township, and to them were born : Maris B. ; Annie, who married T. L. Stafford, of Colerain township ; John B., a resident of Gordonville; Emma (de- ceased), who married William Sterling, a resident of Gap ; Charles, of Leacock township ;. S. W., of Paradise township ; Effie, who married Samuel Hart- ing, of Germantown, Pa. ; Frank B., of Paradise township ; and Jennie, who married Philip Hotten- stein, of Lancaster. Maris B. Weaver was the oldest of the children and he was reared on the farm. After he had re- ceived his education in the public schools of his dis- trict, he entered his father's shop and soon became a very capable workman. When twenty-six years ■old, he embarked in the business for himself, open- ing a shop at Stonersville, where he remained for four years, purchasing his present excellent loca- tion in 1878, where he has, by close attention to business and a complete understanding of the farrier trade, built up a large and increasing business and has gained the confidence of the publio. In 1899 he purchased a farm of forty-two acres, in West Lam- peter township, where he is making valuable im- provements, and he is also the owner of other real estate, consisting of a seven-acre tract at Lampeter, and his residence property. His rank is with the substantial men of the locality, and he is one of the stockholders of the People's Bank, at Lancaster City. Being a representative Republican, he has taken an active interest in the public affairs of his district, and he has been called upon to serve as a delegate to the State conventions. In 1897 he was honored by the appointment- as prison superintendent of Lan- caster county, and served as president, of the Prison Board in 1899, and has also filled all the local offices most efficiently. Maris B. Weaver, was married, in 1874, to Hettie A. Zittle, a daughter'of Elijah Zittle, of West Lam- peter townsJiip, and three children have been born of this union : Effie B., who remains at home ; A. Mylin, a blacksmith by trade; and Esther, also at home. This family possesses the respect and es- teem of the community and well represents the old and honored families from which it has descended. HENRY B. HAINES. Among the prosperous business men of Maj'town, who, by energy and abil- ity, have done much to place this locality favorably before the public, is Henry B. Haines, the well- known cigar manufacturer. Mr. Haines comes of worthy ancestry. His great- grandfather, Henry Haines, was born near Colum- bia, Pa., Dec. 8, 1759, and at an early age was ap- prenticed to a tailor, according to the custom of the times, his desultory education being acquired at a German night school. His eighteenth birthday came in a trying period of our country's history, and at that time he was one of the brave young men who came forward to help to uphold the banner of his country. Song and story have told the world the tale of the brave deeds done by the youth of the land dur- ing the Revolution, and in some of the most stirring events Henry Plaines bore well his part. On ac- count of his reliability he was one of the guards chosen to assist in the removal of the Hessian pris- oners to Lancaster county, after the battle of Tren- ton, and later he was attached to Col. Bole's com- mand, in the expedition up the Susquehanna, against the Indians. After the close of the war, Henry I-Iaines settled down in the village of Maytown, where he became a prominent man. An ardent up- holder of Democratic principles, he took a leading^ part in the politics of the day, and in 1810 and 181 1 was a member of the General Assembly, being re- elected in 1825, and again in 1828, but failing health prevented any more public service. In this connec- tion it is interesting to record that he was approached by members of the Anti-Masonic party, which was then agitating public matters in the country, with a proposition to become their Senatorial candidate, on account of his known popularity. This sugges- tion was met with scorn and contempt by the stern old Jeffersonian, his Democracy being so pronounced that at the age of eighty-three, feeble and blind, he still insisted upon casting his vote in favor of the party in whose principles he had so much faith. In 1797 he had been appointed a justice of the peace, and some time afterward was commissioned a captain of militia, by Gov. Simon Snyder. His death took place Feb. i, 184.2, and he left a mark upon his day and generation. Henry Haines' wife also bore the name of Haines, and to this union were born : Hen- ry, Jr. ; Thomas ; Anthony ; Catherine, who married Reuben Welschance ; Elizabeth, who married George 702 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Terry ; Charlotte, who married Philip Shaffner ; and Rose'tta, who 'married Michael Miller. Major Henry Haines, Jr., grandfather of our subject, married for his first wife, Elizabeth Barr, and their children were as follows : Ann, who mar- ried A. C. Reynolds, of Elmira, N. Y. ; and Eliza- beth, who died in infancy. His second marriage was to Anna Barr, a sister of his first wife. Their chil- dren were, Henry A., and George B. For his third wife Major H^iines married Mrs. Jacob Barr, and to this marriage there were no children. Capt. Henry A. Haines M^as born Nov. 8, 1835, and died in Maytown April 7, 1896, at the age of sixty, his remains being reverently interred in the Union Cemetery of Maytown. In his death Lancas- ter county lost a popular veteran and one of its most prominent citizens. Early in life Capt. Haines had followed the trade of a shoemaker but in the course of time became manager of a large tobacco farm be- longing to Hon. Simon Cameron. Having inherited from his father a talent and desire for public life he naturally entered , therein, and for many years was more or less in the service of the public. For some time he was captain of the militia company known as the Maytown Fencibles, and at the out- break of the Civil war he offered the service of him- self and his company to the government. Their offer was accepted, and as Co. A, they were assigned to the loth P. V. I. for the term of three months, Capt. Haines being the company's commanding offi- cer. At the expiration of the three months for which they had enlisted, the company was mustered out of service, and Capt. Haines at once raised a com- pany which became Co. B, 45th P. V. I. under Col. Welsh, which was raised in Lancaster and adjoining counties, and in which Capt. Haines was the rank- ing captain. When the battle of Antietam was fought, Capt. Haines, who was then in recruiting service, was commissioned major of the regiment, he being entitled to the vacant position as he was then ranking captain. The General commanding the brigade, with whom the Captain had had some dif- ferences, refused to indorse the appointment, and Capt. Haines at once resigned his commission as captain, although he was urged by men of promi- nence not to do so. Soon afterward he was made captain of Co. C, 184th P. V. I., and served with that regiment until his discharge at Annapolis, Md., in 1865. He took part in the battles of Fredericks- burg and Cold Harbor, and was taken prisoner at Petersburg and was in rebel prisons eleven months. Until the Gubernatorial campaign in which Gen. Beaver was defeated for Governor of Pennsylvania, Capt. Haines was a Democrat. In that campaign the Captain took an active part in the interest of his beloved com.mander, and from that time until the close of his active life he was an ardent Republican, as a man of his positive character would naturally be. Under Collector A. J. Kauffmann he served as storekeeper and ganger in the revenue service. During the administration of Gen. Arthur, his serv- ices to his party were recognized, and he was made postmaster of Maytown, holding the position until the election of Grover Cleveland in 1892 made a change in the office in favor of a Democrat. Fra- ternally the Captain was connected with Lieut. Will- iam A. Childs Post, No. 226, G. A. R., Department of Pennsylvania, and located in Marietta. On Oct. 13, 1857, in Elizabethtown, Capt. Haines was married by Rev. Latzel, to Catherine A. Brown, who was born in Maytown, May 5, 1840. To this union were born: Anna L., who married Rev. J. F. jVfackley, a minister of the Reformed Church, of Fairfield, Adams Co., Pa. ; and Henry B., the sub- ject of this sketch. Catherine A. (Brown) Haines was a. daughter of John and Catherine (Murray) Brown, of Chester county, and of Maytown, respec- tively. John Brown had come to Maytown at an early day, in pursuit of his trades of wheelwright and chairmaker, remaining here until his death in 1852, at the age of sixty-one, his wife surviving until 1875, and dying at the age of sixty-nine. Both were interred in the Lutheran cemetery at Maytown ; they had been devout church members, he of the Lutheran, she of the Reformed Church. Their chil- dren were Charles, Elizabeth and William, all three deceased ; Fanny, of Stockton, Cal. ; Henry, a shoe merchant of West Milton, Ohio ; Rebecca, the widow of Abraham Geltmacker, of Maytown ; John, who died in Andersonville prison, during the Civil war ; George, a soldier, of Parkersburg, Va. ; Mary, de- ceased ; and the youngest, Catherine A., Mrs. Haines, who now resides in Maytown. Henry B. Haines was born in Maytown, May 3, 1867, and was educated in the public schools. He assisted his father in the management of the to- bacco farm until the age of fifteen, when he received an appointment as assistant express messenger, be- tween Philadelphia and Pottsville, retaining this run for five months ; at the end of this time, through the kindness of Gen. Cameron, he was appointed to a position in the Electric Light department of the Philadelphia postofiice, where he remained for eight years, leaving there as superintendent. At this time Mr. Haines is manufacturing cigars in Maytown, his output of cigars annually amounting to great numbers. On Nov. 22, 1893, Henry B. Haines and Miriam L. Longeneclcer, a daughter of Christian Longe- necker, of Maytown, were united in marriage, and to this union has been born one son, Henry L. Soci- ally Mr. Haines is connected with the A. O. U. M. and the Sons of Veterans, is an active member of the Republican party, and is a valued and consistent member of the Reformed Church. COL. WILLIAM COLEMAN HENDER- SON. This gallant veteran of the Civil war, and retired farmer with his residence in Salisbury town- ship, Lancaster county, on the old Lancaster & Phil- adelphia Road near White Horse, was born in Salis- bury township June 22, 1827, a son of Thomas Gil- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 703 fillan and Mary Ann (Jacobs) Henderson, of Salis- bury and Colebrook Furnace, respectively, and the parents of nine children, namely: James S., who died in infancy ; Maj. Samuel J., a retired farmer and ex-justice of the peace ; Col. William C. ; Mary S., who died when twelve years old ; Anna W., unmar- ried and living with Col. William C. ; James, de- ceased; Thomas G., who died aged twenty; and Rachel and Eliza, who died young. Thomas Gilfillan Henderson, the father of this family, was extensively engaged in farming and was familiarly known as "King Tommy," from his own- ing an immense amount of land. He was a justice of the peace, and he died honored and esteemed in 1870, at the advanced age of eighty-two years ; his wife was called away in 1863, and their remains were buried in St. John's Episcopal Churchyard at Compass, Chester county. , Col. William C. Henderson remained with his parents until seventeen years of age, when he went to New York City and clerked four years, when, on account of impaired health he returned to his home and farmed until i860, when he sold his property and went to Whiteside county, 111., where he was engaged in farming when the Civil war broke out. He at once offered himself in the defense of the in- tegrity of his country's flag, enlisting in Co. B, 13th 111. V. I., having himself raised the company; he was appointed quartermaster by Gov. Richard Yates, served at the front for three years, and bore a brave and gallant part throughout, and was finally honor- ably discharged for disability, his avoirdupois having been reduced from 235 at the time of enlistment to 104 at the date of his discharge at Vicksburg — rheumatism and diarrhoea having wasted his frame. Prior to his enlistment Col. Henderson had been twice married: first, in 1852, at Fairfield, Conn., to Emma A. Phelps, who bore him one child, George P., now in the fruit business at Philadelphia, but residing at Parkesburg, Pa., and married to Lucy Essick. Mrs. Emma (Phelps) Henderson was born in Fairfield, Conn., a daughter of George A. and Eliza (Ayers) Phelps, and died in New York, in 1855, at the age of twenty-four years, her remains being sent to Fairfield for interment. The second marriage of Col. Henderson took place Oct. 17, 1856, in Chester county. Pa., to Jane B. Jacobs, and to this union has been born one son, Richard J., now a machinist in Newark, N. J., and who first married Anna Cross, and second Celestia Shaffer. Mrs. Jane B. (Jacobs) Henderson was born in Chester county. Pa., a daughter of Joseph B. and Anna (Bowen) Jacobs, of the same county, and died in Bellefonte, Pa., while on a visit in 1867, when thirty-seven years old. To resume the record of Col. Henderson's life career from the point where the above digression was made : on his discharge from the army in 1864 he returned to Whiteside county. 111., with the in- tention of recuperating his health, but found that his wife's health had become impaired ; he therefore sold his farm and returned to Pennsylvania and lived in retirement in Chester county until the death of his second wife (in 1867), when he returned to the old homestead, where he remained until 1871, when he went to Colorado Springs, El Paso Co., Colo., and dealt in horses, etc., for five years. Col. Henderson then came back to the old homestead in Salisbury township, lived there a few years, when he retired to his present farm. In politics Col. Henderson is a Republican, and for twenty-five years served as township auditor off and on, finally declining further service; in religion he is an Episcopalian. His military title was not ac- quired through his service in the army, but from his having been appointed an aide-de-camp on the staff of Gov. William F. Johnson in 1852, on which he served his full time. Fraternally he is a Master Mason, and a member of Thompson Lodge, No. 340, and also a member of Post No. 31, G. A. R., West- chester. Col. Henderson, a brother, a sister and a grand- daughter all reside together in domestic felicity. The Colonel is still compelled to use crutches on ac- count of rheumatism contracted while in the army. Thomas Henderson, great-great-grandfather of the Colonel, came from the north of Ireland to Lan- caster county. Pa., in 1727, and settled in Salisbury township on the old Lancaster & Philadelphia Road, seventeen miles from Lancaster, forty-nine miles from Philadelphia, one-eighth of a mile from White Horse, and there engaged in farming and mercantile business, besides conducting a hotel. He had a fam- ily of nine children, to-wit: Matthew (born in 1733); Archibald, William, Thomas, Mary (who married John Skiles), Rebecca (who married John Griffith), Catherine (who wedded Robert Darling- ton), Margaret (wife of John Graham), and John. The paternal grandparents of the Colonel, James and Mary (Skidmore) Henderson, were natives, re- spectively, of Salisbury township, Lancaster county. Pa., and Long Island, N. Y. The grandfather was a prominent merchant and farmer, and died in 1822, at the age of sixty-six, but the grandmother was comparatively young at her death. They were mem- bers of the Episcopal Church and were interred in St. John's cemetery. They were the parents of three children, viz. : Thomas G., father of the Colonel ; Rachel, who was married to Richard Suydam, of New York : and Abigail, who died young. The pa- ternal great-grandparents, Matthew and Rachel (Clemson) Henderson, were natives of Lancaster county, and of whom the great-grandfather was a farmer and hotel keeper, being landlord of the "Three Crowns" Hotel (England, Ireland and Scot- land) , in Salisbury township. He was also a wealthy landowner. He had born to him ten children in the following order: James (grandfather of the Col- onel), Sept. 12, 1756; Sarah H., Jan. 19, 1758; Thomas, Aug. 30, 1759; Mary, Dec. 17, 1761 ; Clem- son, March 8, 1766; Archibald, Jan. 31, 1767; Mat- thew, Sept. 10, 1768; John, July 4, 1770; Barton, 704 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Dec. 4, 1775 ; and Mary Ann, July 17, 1778. Of these children, James served in the war for American in- dependence on the British side, as he had had six fine horses stolen by the Colonial troops ; he fought all through the conflict, and for his services was granted land in Nova Scotia by the British govern- ment, but after a short residence there he settled on the Col. Atley farm, which he purchased in Salisbury township, Lancaster county. Maj. Samuel Jacob Henderson, brother of Col. William C. Henderson, was born in Salisbury township, Nov. 8, 1824, and is now living retired. He was formerly a farmer and a justice of the peace. He never married, but lived with his parents until the breaking out of the Civil war, when he was one of the first to enlist in Co. F, 25th P. V. I., in the ninety-day service, having . assisted in raising the company. He was appointed on Gen. B. A. Shaffer's staff as major and quartermaster, and in time of peace has served in various civic offices for the past fifty years. In 1871 he went to Colorado and was engaged in prospecting for gold until 1875, when he returned to his home, a panic having occurred. He is a member of the Episcopal church, and politically is a Republican, and both brothers are greatly re- spected as among the most substantial and most pub- lic spirited citizens of Salisbury township. AMOS RUTTER, who died Aug. 15, 1902, was a prominent coal and grain dealer in New Holland, where he also had an extensive feed and salt busi- ness. He was born in Leacock township, this coun- ty. May 24, 1830, son of Amos (Sr.) and Esther (Rover) Rutter. The first representative of the Rutter family in Lancaster county of whom anything definite is known was Conrad Rutter, who left Rhenish Prussia in 1682, going to England to escape the French war, and came to America the following year, making" his home in Philadelphia. He was one of a colony of thirteen families who under the leadership of Francis Danielson Pastorius took up the land which is now the site of the city of Germantown. There he re- mained until T689, when he removed to Montgom- ery county, where he took up land and made his home until 1700, in that year going into Lancaster county with some English families by the name of Douglass, and settling in Salisbury township. Conrad Rutter still later moved into Leacock township, where he secured 580 acres of land in one piece. He had two neighbors, Peter and Llenry Skiles. From this an- cestor the line is through his son Andrew, who had a son Henry; Henry became the father of Joseph, whose son, Amos, Sr., was the father of Amos. Conrad Rutter was instrumental in founding the first Episcopal Church in Lancaster county, one hun- dred and seventy-one years ago. In 1730 Sebastian Royer donated ground for a Lutheran and Reformed Church in northern Lancaster, which church was lo- cated in Brickerville, and became a hospital during the Revolution ; in 1808 it was rebuilt. The German Reformed Church built in 1747 was known as the Royer Church, and was also used as a hospital dur- ing the Revolution ; it was rebuilt in 1813. Some of the soldiers who died in the church were interred in the church burying ground. Joseph Rutter, the grandfather of Amos, was born and reared in Lancaster county. On Aug. 29, 1786, he was married, by Rev. J. Frederick Illings, to Margaret Besore, who bore him the following chil- dren: John, Joseph, Amos, Sr., Daniel, Henry, Mary (who married a Mr. Foltz) , and Baltzer. Amos Rutter, Sr., was born in 1791, and died in 1868. His entire life was passed in Leacock town- ship, where he was first engaged in shoemaking, but later followed farming. For the last fifteen years of his life he lived retired. A man of unusually sound judgment, he was often called upon to settle estates and to fill other positions of trust. He mar- ried Esther Royer, who was born in 1795, daughter of Jonathan and Anna (Frick) Royer, farming peo- ple of Lancaster county, and died in 1859. The first of the Royer family in America was Sebastin Royer, who left two sons in Montgomery county. Pa., from whom sprang a numerous progeny in Chester and Montgomery counties. Sebastin Royer first lo- cated in Montgomery county in 1720, and the same year came to Lancaster. Mrs. Esther (Royer) Rut- ter was in the fifth generation from him. To Amos Rutter, Sr., and his wife were born the following children: John, who married Caroline Snader; Anne, who wedded Levi Good ; Mary, who became the wife of -Rudy Evans ; Joseph, who married Hen- rietta Hartman; Catherine, who married Roland Wenger; Jeremiah H., who married Christiana Bear ; and Amos, all these now deceased. The sur- vivors are Jonathan, a "retired farmer of Leacock township; and Esther, widow of Isaac Miller, of Paradise township. ■ Through his maternal grandmother, Anna (Frick) Royer, Mr. Rutter's ancestral line is traced to Jacob Frick, who was born in 1620 in Switzerland, where he held an official position in one of the Can- tons. He suffered terribly in the persecution of the Protestants, being a convert of Menno Simon, the Mennonite reformer. He had one son, born in 1650, who had one daughter, Barbara, and two sons, Jacob and John. Amos Rutter was reared on the farm, remain- ing there until he reached the age of twenty-three, when he entered a dry goods store in New Holland. There he continued until 1855, in which year he be- came a partner with D. Richwine and his brother, in a dry-goods and notions store in New Holland. Seven years later Amos and his brother, Jeremiah H., purchased the interest of the Richwines. Together they operated the store a few years, and then dis- posed of it at a good figure, buying the J. F. Seldom- ndge store, at Intercourse, where they remained eleven years, Amos Rutter being postmaster there during the time. In 1874 he came back to New Hol- land, and, building a warehouse, engaged in the ^^/p'^^1.^9^'^ cAA/L^^^Zy*^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 705 grain, coal and feed business, in connection therewith handling second-class freight and tickets for the Pennsylvania Company, doing also an express busi- ness until 1892. Mr. Rutter was prison inspector of Lancaster county for three years, a position thrust upon him against his will, as he disclaimed all politi- cal ambitions. He had been a vestryman in the Lutheran Church from 1862, had been deacon arid elder, and was a trustee in that body up to the time of his death. He belonged to the Lancaster County Historical Society and the Pennsylvania German So- ciety. On Sept. 2, 1856, in New Holland, Amos Rutter was married, by Rev. John Kohler, to Catherine E. Mentzer, and there were born to this union : Eugene M., of New Holland, who married Annie Geahr, and has four children, Lillian M., Mary E., Pauline K. and Emily G. ; and Lillian, at home. Mrs. Catherine E. (Mentzer) Rutter was born in New Holland in 1835, daughter of Paul and Sarah (Kurtz) Mentzer, who were born in New Holland and Lancaster, respectively. Paul Mentzer, who was a blacksmith by trade, died in New Holland in 1892, at the age of eighty-seven ; his wife died Nov. 25, 1864, at the age of sixty years. Both were buried in the cemetery at New Holland, which is connected with the Lutheran Church. They had the following children : Catherine E., Mrs. Rutter, is the eldest ; Jacob K., now a grocer of Lancaster, married (first) Margaret Schafer, and (second) Annie M. Leight- ner ; Annie L. died at the age of twenty- four ; Sam- uel J. died when a year and a half old ; William H., a retired farmer of New Holland, married Jane Wil- son. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Rutter were Jacob and Elizabeth (Johns) Mentzer; her maternal grandparents were Christopher and Magdelina (Martin) Kurtz. Mrs. Rutter has been a member of the Lutheran Church of New Holland for the last fifty years, and for many years has been a teacher in the Sunday-school. She is a woman of much character and ability, and was a worthy companion for Mr. Rutter. JOHN W. KINARD, M. D. Among the suc- cessful physicians of Lancaster is Dr. John W. Kin- ard, who is recognized as a man of ability, wide and comprehensive study and large experience. Dr. Kinard is a son of Simon and Elizabeth (Olewiler) Kinard, natives of York county, Pennsylvania. The great-grandfather of Dr. Kinard was a na- tive of Scotland, who emigrated to this country at an early date, and settled in York county. Pa., engaging in farming to the time of his death. His son, the grandfather, as well as Simon Kinard, the father, were born in this prosperous region of the Keystone State, and became well known in that locality. Simon Kinard owned and operated a fine farm of 120 acres near Wrightsville, Pa., residing upon it until the time of his death, which occurred in 1886, when he was fifty-six years of age. His wife sur- vived him until September, 1896, when she, too, 45 passed away, aged sixty-six years, and is buried at East Prospect. She was a daughter of Jacob Ole- wiler, also a native of York, Pennsylvania. Dr. John W. Kinard was born Feb. 15, 1858^ at Wrightsville, York county, and grew to manhood upon his father's farm. Of the eleven children, six sons and five daughters, who lived to grow to ma- turity. Dr. Kinard is the eldest, and he has one brother, George C, who is also a physician of Lan- caster county, and his other brothers are school teach- ers. Like many country boys. Dr. Kinard attended the district school, but he had the advantage of an academic course, after which he followed the calling of a school teacher for six years. During his vaca- tions, however, he attended the Millersville Normal School for five years, and then took up the study of medicine, for which he had always had a strong in- clination, with Dr. Bigler, of East Prospect. For a year he studied with this excellent physician, then continued his studies with Dr. J. Hay, of York, until 1879, when he was prepared to enter the University of Maryland at Baltimore, from which he was gradu- ated in 1882, with the degree of M. D. Following his graduation, Dr. Kinard established himself at East Prospect, arid for five years was suc- cessfully engaged in the practice of his profession in that locality, building up a large and wealthy list of patients. But feeling that he needed further experi- ence and instruction. Dr. Kinard sold his practice to Dr. J. A. Stoner and went to New York, entering Bellevue Hospital Medical College, from which he was graduated March 11, 1888, with degree of M. D. Prior to this he had taken a post-graduate course in Philadelphia in the Polyclinic College and College for Graduates in Medicine. In the spring of 1888 Dr. Kinard located at No. 17 East Walnut street, Lancaster, where he has since remained, and during the years which have followed he has firmly estab- lished himself in the confidence of the people of the city, while his success demonstrates his ability to .cope with disease. In politics Dr. Kinard is an ardent Republican, and supports the principles of that party upon every occasion. During his resi- dence at East Prospect he served as school director, and held every office within the gift of the people from an inspector to chief burgess. His religious connections are with St. John's Lutheran Church, of which he is a liberal supporter. Socially Dr. Kinard is a thirty-second degree Mason, and belongs to the F. & A. M., No. 276, Lamberton Lodge, Chapter No. 43, Knights Templar, and Harrisburg Consist- ory. He is also a member of the I. O. O. F., East Prospect Lodge, No. 944; Jr. O. U. A. M. ; A. & I. O. of Malta, No. 99; Eagles; member and ex- president and secretary of the Lancaster Pathologi- cal Society; president of the Lancaster City and County Medical Society ; member of the State Medi- cal Society and American Medical Association, and attended the last session of the American Medical Association at Saratoga Springs, N. Y., as a repre- sentative. 706 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY In September, 1883, Dr. Kinard was married to Miss Isabelle Weidman, of York City, Pa., and their children are : Kerwin W., attending the University of Pennsylvania, class of 1905 ; and Margaret C, at home. Mrs. Kinard, a most charming and accom- plished lady, is a daughter of Jacob Weidman, a farmer of York county, and was born in York, where she was reared and educated. Dr. Kinard possesses more than ordinary ability, is successful in a marked degree, and, judging by the light of the past, his future is a bright and promising one. JOHN KENDIG (deceased) was during a long life one of Lancaster county's excellent farmers and highly esteemed and substantial citizens. He was bom in West Lampeter township, Lancaster county, Dec. 18, 1818, and his death took place on his farm March 4, 1896, his remains being interred in Long- necker's cemetery, in West Lampeter township. John and Frances (Herr) Kendig, his parents, were natives of Lampeter and Manor townships, re- spectively. The former died in 1848, and the latter in rS.i^S. They were members of the Methodist Church, but were interred in the New Mennonite cemetery at New Danville. Their children were as follows : Eliza, deceased, married John Hoover ; Barbara is the widow of Martin Mylin and the mother of Hon. Amos H. Mylin,. of West Lampeter township ; Fanny died unmarried ; John is the sub- ject of this sketch; George is deceased; and Abra- ham is a farmer of New Carlisle, Ohio. By birth and environment John Kendig was a farmer, his honored ancestors having successfully cultivated the soil for generations. He showed a ■natural aptitude for his vocation, and from the age of twenty-one years operated the farm upon which his quiet and upright existence was spent, until his retirement from activity in 1874. When Mr. Ken- dig resolved upon shifting the burdens to younger shoulders, he erected a separate home, which also was one of comfort and attractiveness. As a man of scrupulous honesty, highest integrity and. financial responsibility, Mr. Kendig was prominent in Lan- caster county. He was one of the directors of the Willowstreet Turnpike Co., and later president until his death. On March 15, 1842, in Lancaster, John Kendig was united in marriage to Miss Mary Herr, born in West Lampeter township May 31, 1820, daughter of Martin and Mary (Herr) Herr, of West Lamp- eter township, the former of whom was born June 12, 1788, and was a farmer on the old Herr farm of that locality, and both of whom were members of one of the oldest and most highly esteemed families .of the county. His death occurred when he was aged eighty years. Mrs. Herr died March 5, 1823, when only twenty-five years of age. Both were con- sistent members of the Mennonite Church. Their children were : Frances, born March 28, 1818, died in infancy ; Mary married John Kendig ; and Martha, born August 23, 1822, is the widow of Gabriel Wenger, of West Lampeter township. On the paternal side the family may be traced on back to Francis and Fanny (Barr) Herr, farming people of West Lampeter township, and still farther, to John Herr, of Lancaster county, father of Francis. Through intermarriages this family is connected with almost all of the leading families of the county. The following children were born to Mr. and Mrs. John Kendig; M. Frances, who died unmar- ried, at the age of fifty- five years; Addah L. and Martin H., twins, the former of whom married Frank Bare, and died March 14, 1901, the latter of whom is a farmer of Clark county. Wash. ; John E., who died in infancy ; John B., who resides on the old homestead in Willowstreet, married to Susan R. Brackbill; Mary, who is the widow of Christian Herr, of Manor township ; Dr. Elizabeth, now a resi- dent of Lancaster ; and Miss B. Alice, also a resident of Lancaster. The removal of Mrs. Kendig from the farm to Lancaster was accomplished in April, 1896, and she is one of the most highly esteemed ladies of this city, and a most devoted and worthy member of the New Mennonite Church. Dr. Elizabeth Kendig is one of the highly edu- cated and successful practitioners of Lancaster. Her tastes early led her to begin the study of medi- cine, and under the able instruction and direction of Mrs. Dr. Mary Wilson, of Lancaster, she was pre- pared for entrance to the Woman's College of Penn- sylvania, at Philadelphia, from which she graduated with honors in 1886. She then located for practice in Reading Pa., where she remained until 1898, go- ing thence to Chicago, 111. Several months in the Windy City gave her needed experience, and she re- turned and located permanently in Lancaster. Here she has taken a leading position. She belongs to the Berks County Medical Society. Miss B. Alice Kendig is a lady of independent means, and she and her sister. Dr. Kendig, have long resided together. Both ladies belong to the German Reformed Church, and mingle with the best social circles of Lancaster. JOHN F. CHARLES. This prominent and re- spected citizen of Millersville is the son of Christian Charles, a well known and successful farmer of Manor township, Lancaster county. He was born Jan. 5, 1843, and received his education in the com- mon schools of the neighborhood. He remained with his father upon the farm until his marriage, which was solemnized Nov. 21, 1865, his bride being Miss Anna Denlinger, who was born Mav 2, 1844, a daughter of Abraham and Elizabeth '(Mellinger) Denlinger. After their marriage Mr. Charles and his wife took up their residence on a farm of ninety- seven acres, near Little Washington, in the Susque- hanna valley. This he continued to cultivate for eighteen years, when he removed to the paternal farm, which he managed for fourteen years. In the spring of 1898 he gave up active work and took up his residence in Millersville, where he owns a hand- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 707 some, well-appointed home and six acres of land. His life has been a remarkably sitccessfill one, and the success is due chiefly to those sterling qualities of mind and heart which have distinguished him from boyhood. His ideas on public questions are fully abreast of the times in which he lives, and his influ- ence in the community is widely felt. He is a stock- holder and director in the Mountville Bank, as well as in the Mountville Manufacturing Co., and is re- garded as one of the county's foremost and substan- tial citizens. To Mr. and Mrs. Charles three children have been born, two of whom, Henry D. and John D., are y£t living, to do honor to their parents' name and to benefit the community in which they reside. Henry was born May 31, 1874, and John on June 29, 1878. Both are graduates of the State Normal School at Millersville, the elder in the class of 1891, and the younger in 1899, and both have had experience as teachers. Henry D. is a farmer, working the home place, and married Hettie Charles. John D. is at- tending Franklin and Marshall College, in Lancaster, from which he will graduate in the regular classical course leading to the degree A. B. in the summer of 1905. The entire family are Mennonites. JOHN C. SEITZ, a retired farmer, ex-soldier and greatly respected citizen of Mountville, Lan- caster county, was born in Manor township, this county, March 9, 1835, son of Jacob Seitz, Sr., and a brother of Charles C. Seitz, whose sketch will be found elsewhere. In Lancaster City, Aug. 15, 1859, John C. Seitz married Charlotte Herr, and to this union have been born six children, as follows : Jacob H., a farmer residing at Mountville, married Catherine Shuman ; John H., a carpenter at the same place, married to Barbara Wriggle ; Aaron H., a grocer at Mountville, married to Anna Copland ; Susan H. is at home ; Isaiah H., principal of the Pearl street school in Lancaster, married to Laura Myers ; and Barbara H. is at home, but a school teacher by profession. Mrs. Charlotte (Herr) Seitz was born in New Danville, Pequea township, Lancaster county, Oct. 2, 1838, daughter of Rudolph, and sister of Aaron, Herr, mentioned elsewhere. John C. Seitz lived on the home farm until twenty-three years of age, and then farmed on his own account in Manor township for thirty years, when he came to live in retirement in Mountville, doing only such work as suits his taste, occupies his mind and gives him necessary exercise. On Aug. 24, 1864, John C. Seitz enlisted in Co. H, 203d Reserve Pennsylvania Volunteers, Birney's Sharpshooters, but his company later changed its commander, Capt. Charles Liman assuming charge. Mr. Seitz took part in many skirmishes, and in the bombardm.ent and capture of Fort Fisher escaped being wounded or taken prisoner, and was honorably discharged in Raleigh, N. C, June 22, i86Si since when he has resided in quiet on his farm, or in re- tirement in Mountville. Mr. Seitz is a Republican in politics, and his amiable wife is an active and faith- ful member of the Mennonite church. HENRY WORST, the senior member of the mercantile firm of Worst & Shertz, of Springville, Salisbury township, was born in that village, March 26, 1835, son of Henry, Sr., and Mary (Kurtz) Worst. The Worst family was established in Lancaster county about 1760, by three brothers of the name who came hither from Switzerland, one settling in Germantown, one settling in Cornwall, Lebanon county, and the third in Terre Hill, Lancaster county. The paternal grandparents of Mr. Worst, of this sketch, were Peter and Barbara (Weaver) Worst, farming people of Lancaster county, who died on the old homestead in Springville. Henry Worst, Sr., father, was born in the same house as was his son, and became a well known and respected farmer of Salisbury township. He was born in 1795, and died at the age of eighty-nine years. He married Mary Kurtz, daughter of Samuel and Barbara (Showalder) Kurtz, of Lancaster. She died in 1843, aged forty-four years, and was buried beside her husband on a part of the old farm, in a private cemetery. Both were members of the Men- nonite Church. Their children were as follows : Barbara, deceased, married John Wanner ; Peter, de- ceased, married Maria Good ; Samuel married Nancy Kurtz, deceased, and is a farmer of Salisbury town- ship ; Elias, deceased, married Susannah Gaybill ; Mary, deceased, married Joseph H, Bair ; Miss Eliza- beth resides on the old homestead; Susannah, who married Daniel Kurtz, resides in this township ; Henry is the subject of this sketch ; Leah died at the age of six years ; and Catherine died at the age of eighteen years. Henry Worst acquired a good, common school education and remained assisting his father on the farm until he was twenty years of age, at which time he embarked in a general mercantile business, open- ing up a stock of goods, in Springville, at his present location. In 1871 he admitted C. M. Shertz as a partner, and the business has been very prosperously conducted ever since. Both Mr. Worst and Mr. Shertz are men of,business ability, and have made it their rule to buy and sell as suits the convenience of their large number of patrons. Their upright meth- ods and careful selection of seasonable goods have attracted and retained a large trade. In politics Mr. Worst is a Repiiblican, and has held the office of postmaster since 1855. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church, and is one of the representative citizens of Salisbury township. In June, 1863, Mr. Worst was married in Provi- dence township to Miss Susan Frailey, born in Earl township, Aug. 26, 1838, daughter of Daniel and Anna (Long) Frailick, the former of whom was a blacksmith and died in Paradise township, in 1888, and the latter of whom died in 1886, aged sixty-one 708 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY years. They were respectively members of the Men- nonite and the Dunkard Churches, and they were in- terred in Mellinger's cemetery, near Lancaster. Their children were : Joseph, deceased ; Daniel, a railroad baggage master in Harrisburg, married Lillie Herr; Anna married Henry Brown, of Para- dise township ; Rebecca is the widow of Elias Her- man, of Lancaster; Abby married John Wright, of Lancaster; Susan is Mrs. Worst. Her maternal grandparents were Jonathan and Susan (Reno) Long. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Worst are as follows : Catherine, who is the widow of Clayton De Haven, resides at home and has four children; Clayton, who married Margaret Bowers and has one child, resides on the old homestead ; Henry, who mar- ried Mazie Kurtz, has one child, and they live in Springville ; and Miss Anna is at home. PHILIP DIETRICH, the founder of the Die- trich family in Lancaster county, came hither from Alsace, Germany, and made his home in Manheim township, along the New Holland Pike road, buying land located within two miles of the city of Lancaster. This worthy German emigrant brought with him the provident habits of his native land, and at the time of his death left his heirs not only 600 acres of rich and improved land, valuable on account of its nearness to a flourishing city, but also a sum of $75,000 in money. On account of some disagreement, litiga- tion began over this estate, continuing until it was about consumed, making one of the most famous cases in the annals of Lancaster county. The family of the founder consisted of two sons, Henry and Michael, and several daughters. Two of his great- great-granddaughters who now reside in this county are Mrs. I. P. Mayer, of Landisville, and Mrs. B. W. Hershey, of the same place. Henry Dietrich was a well known farmer, and he lived on the old homestead until the age of fifty-one years, marrying a member of the Diller family, later, after her death, marrying her sister, Sally Diller. The children of the first marriage were : Adam ; Daniel; Samuel; Mrs. Gip; Mrs. Carpenter; and Mrs. Michael. The children of the second marriage were: Philip; Sallie, who became Mrs. Frissler; and Martha, who married Israel ,Grofif. Both par- ents were worthy members of the Lutheran Church. Adam Dietrich, son of Henry and father of Sam- uel Dietrich of Bamford, was born and reared on the old homestead, and in the course of time became the successor of his father in the administration of the large estate of his grandfather, Philip Dietrich. In early life Adam Dietrich was a farmer, but later he engaged in the hotel business, successfully managing hostelries in different localities until advancing years made it necessary for him to retire from ac- tivity. His life extended to the unusual age of ninety-six years, four months and twenty-six days. Adam Dietrich married Miss Mary Swope, who was born in Leacock township, and she lived to the age of seventy-six years. They had a family of ten chil- dren : John, who is now deceased, but for many years was a hotel keeper; Catherine, deceased, mar- ried Martin Bombarger ; Daniel, deceased in infancy ; Adam, a drover, now deceased ; Mary, who resides in Lancaster, and is the widow of Martin Musser; Henry, deceased, who was, like his father and brother, a hotel keeper; Samuel, of this sketch; Elizabeth, deceased wife of John Rudisill ; Sarah, the widow of Abraham Brown, and living with Mrs. B. W. Hershey ; and Graybill, deceased. Samuel Dietrich, son of Adam and great-grand- son of Philip the emigrant, was born Sept. 10, 1824, and is a resident of Bainford. Until the age of seven- teen years he lived on the farm, and then became en- gaged in assisting his father in his hotel enterprise, remaining with him tmtil he married. He then re- moved to Landisville, this county, and there he re- mained for the succeeding fourteen years, later occupying several other locations in East Hempfield township. It was about 1883 that Mr. Dietrich pur- chased the small property in Bamford, where he resided until the death of his wife, in 1897, broke up his home. Since that date Mr. Dietrich has made his home with his son. By occupation Mr. Dietrich is a fence-builder, and has constructed many miles of fencing in this and adjacent counties, and has also done the butchering, in the season, for his farmer neighbors, this being a very important branch of work on the farm. A man skilled in the art of preparing meats for winter consumption is always in demand through the rural districts. In 1854 Mr. Dietrich was married to Miss Mary Steward, who was a daughter of Alexander Stew- ard, who was born in East Hempfield township, and lived a most estimable life through sixty-six years,, passing away in 1897. A family of six children was born to Mr. and Mrs. Dietrich : Elizabeth, who mar- ried I. P. Mayer; Emma, who married B. W. Hershey ; Henry, deceased ; Sarah, deceased ; Frank- lin, who makes his home in the West; and Adam,, who is, a resident of Bamford. The Dietrich family have always been supporters of the Lutheran Church. Mrs. Dietrich was a member of the Ger- man Baptist Church. Both she and her husband en- joyed the esteem of a wide circle of friends. GEORGE K. HERR, a resident of Pequea township, was born in West Lampeter township, near the mouth of Mill Creek, May 27, 1847, son of Jacob and Mary (Kreider) Herr (both deceased), and grandson of Christian and Catherine (Kauff- man) Herr. Jacob Herr was born Nov. 17, 181 7, near Millers- ville, in what is now Lancaster township, where he was reared and educated in the public schools. He was married Oct. 13, 1846, to Mary, a daughter of George and Mary (Swarr) Kreider, a native of Pequea township (which then bore the name of Conestoga) , where she'was born Nov. 4, 1822. After their marriage the young couple located at the mill BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 709 in West Lampeter township, where Mr. Herr was engaged in the milUng business some twenty-four years, and was familiarly known as "Sawmiller Jacob Herr." His attention was largely given to the manu- facture of lumber until 1870, when he purchased seventy-seven acres of land, near Hollinger, in West Lampeter township. His death occurred Dec. 4, 1871, and his widow survived until Feb. 28, 1898. They were members of the old Mennonite Church, and had the following children : George K. ; Chris- tian, a resident of West Lampeter township ; Jacob K., who died July 17, 1902; Miss Mary; Henry K., who died in infancy ; Catherine K., the wife of Sam- uel Gochnauer, of West Lampeter ; Miss Elizabeth ; Barbara, the wife of John Herr, of Lancaster town- ship; and Benjamin K., of East Lampeter township. George K. Herr was reared to the sawmill busi- ness and received his education in the common schools. When he was twenty-six, in 1873, he mar- ried and took charge of the mill that had been so long operated by his father. He put in a chopping mill, and carried it on for twenty-one years. In 1895 he purchased a farm of ninety-one acres at Baum- gardner Station, in Pequea township, which has teen his home to the present time. Here he has made valuable improvements and brought the farm up to a high condition of cultivation. For three years Mr. Herr was a member of the school board in West Lampeter township. On Nov. 27, 1873, Mr. Herr was married to Elizabeth Harnish, daughter of Jacob and Barbara (Buckwalter) Harnish, who was born in. Conestoga township, June 10, 1853. They have been blessed with the following children : Jacob, who married Miss Barbara Huber, daughter of Abraham and Elizabeth (Reinhart) Huber, operates the Martic mills in Pequea township ; and Mary, Aaron, Annie, Lizzie and Barbara, all of whom are still under the parental roof. ELI AS H. HERR, now living retired, was long one of the energetic and successful farmers of East Lampeter township, where his family has for many years been one of the most respected. He is a son of Solomon Herr, and a grandson of Abraham Herr. Abraham Herr was born in Lancaster county- and lived near Lancaster City all his life. By occu- pation he was a farmer and distiller. He was one of the Old Mennonites in Lancaster county. His fam- ily consisted of five children, as follows : Solomon, the father of our subject; Peter, Abram and Chris- tian, all deceased ; and Annie, wife of Henry Herr. Solomon Herr was born in East Lampeter town- ship, Jan. 6, 1806. He lived at home with his par- ents until he was of age, receiving a common school ■education, and he then began farming for himself on the place a part of which our subject now owns. He, too, was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. He married Miss Catherine Herr, daughter of John and Barbara Herr, of Manor township, and they became the parents of six children, two of whom died in infancy ; Emanuel H. ; Abraham and Elias H., our subject, twins, of East Lampeter township; and Adam H., of Lancaster City. EHas H. Herr, whose name introduces this sketch, was born in East Lampeter township, Aug. 12, 1842. He lived at home with his father until he was twenty-one years of age, received a common school education, and he then began life for him- self. After living one year on the farm of his father- in-law, he took charge of that place, where he re- mained thirty-one years. He has since lived retired. Mr. Herr has ably sustained the reputation which all the members of his family have enjoyed for in- dustry, honesty and upright living, and he ranks, de- cidedly, among the most valuable citizens of his sec- tion of Lancaster county. Oh Nov. 5, 1863, EHas H. Herr was married to Mary L. Rohrer, daughter of John Rohrer, of East Lampeter township, and to this union have been born two children ; Aaron R., who died when six years of age ; and Elam R., who still lives at home. Mr. and Mrs. tierr are both members of the Old Mennonite Church. CHRISTIAN H. COBLE (deceased). Few men in Mt. Joy township were better known or more thoroughly respected through a long and successful life than was Christian H. Coble. He was born Feb. 22, 1836, in Conewago township, Dauphin Co., Pa., just over the line of I^ancaster county. Pa., and he died in February, 1896, in the village of Bellaire, which at one time was a portion of his farm. His burial took place in Risser's Meeting House ceme- tery, in Mt. Joy township. Christian H. Coble was the second son of Chris- tian and Eliza (Hoffer) Coble, farming people of Dauphin county, where Christian died in 1880, and his years had reached seventy-five. His second wife, Nancy Snyder, died in 1897, aged eighty years. No children were born to the second marriage, but those born to the first union were as follows : Barbara, deceased, who married Isaac Meckley ; Isaac, who is a farmer in Dauphin county ; and Christian H., John, Jacob and Samuel, all deceased. The parents were buried on a portion of their old farm, set aside for that purpose. Christian H. Coble was reared on the farm and acquired his education in the district schools. He became an excellent farmer and continued to follow agriculture until the wheel of progress, in the shape of the Cornwall & Lebanon Railroad, was turned across his land. After satisfactory arrangements were made with this road in 1880, Mr. Coble em- barked in the grain, coal and lumber business, open- ing up a first-class general store, and he conducted this with success and ability until his death. His very capable wife still carries on the business, which is one of the prosperous ones in the village of Bell- aire. Mr. Coble had the honor of being appointed the first postmaster of Bellaire, which position he most efficiently filled until his death, when its duties 710 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY were assumed by his son and wife. Mr. Coble was prominently identified with Republican politics, and faithfully served the county as one of its commis- sioners for a period of six years. He was a convey- ancer and surveyor, was also justice of the peace, in fact, was one of those estimable, level-headed men who naturally become almost a necessity to a grow- ing community. In every relation of life Christian H. Coble bore an honest, manly part, and won the esteem of his fellow-citizens. In 1854 Mr. Coble was married, in Harrisburg, to Anna A. Eby, and a most estimable family was born to this union, as follows : Allen A., a farmer of Mt. Joy township, married Emma Keiper; Edwin E., who married Mary Meckley, is a jeweler in Elizabethtown and is president of the Electric Light Co. ; Clara C. married Harry Bachman, the" pro- prietor of a hotel in Campbellstown ; Christian L., deceased, married Alice Ressler, of Bellaire ; Samuel L. and Grant died young; Robert A., a grain and coal dealer, married Jennie Breneman, and lives at home ; and Emlin W. died at the age of eleven years. Mrs. Anna A. (Eby) Coble, who so efficiently manages the business left in her hands by her hus- band, was born March 17, i8,-^6, in Derry township, Dauphin county, daughter of Peter and Mary (Wis- ler) Eby, natives of Dauphin and Lancaster coun- ties. The former was a farmer in Dauphin county, where he died in 1846, aged forty-two years. The latter made her home subsequently with Mrs. Coble, where she died in 1894, aged ninety years. They were members of the Mennonite Church. Their children were: Samuel O., who is in the hotel business at Bismarck, Pa. ; George W., who died in 1902 ; Henry B., a merchant in Bachmanville, Pa. ; Anna A., the widow of Mr. Coble ; Mary, deceased, wife of John Detwilder; and Peter, deceased. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Coble were Michael and Eliza- beth (Oberholtzer) Eby, of Lancaster county, and the maternal grandparents were George and Anna (Breneman) Wisler, also of Lancaster. Mrs. Coble is a valued member of the Mennonite Church, and a lady who enjoys the friendship and respect of a very large circle of- friends. JOHN H. DIEM. The agricultural supremacy of some portions of Lancaster county can easily be explained when one considers the various classes of farmers who manage these interests. Good farmers are no more accidents of chance than are capable workers in any other line. To be a successful farmer every branch must be understood, from a knowledge of the properties of the soil, and its adaption to the vegetable and cereal growths, to the economical breeding and feeding of stock. Among those who have thus succeeded in Sads- bury township is John H. Diem, who is now retired from active labor, enjoying the ease won by earlier effort. He was born in Earl township, this county, March 21, 1842, son of Kennedy and Hettie (Brower) Diem, the former of whom belonged to Salisbury and the latter to Earl township, by virtue of birth. Kennedy Diem was a miller by trade and died in Salisbury township, Jan. 21, 1891, at the age of seventy-eight years, the mother of John H. pass- ing away Aug. 21, 1862, when but forty-five. Both these worthy people were consistent members of tbe Pequea Presbyterian Church, and they were buried in its shadow. For a number of years Kennedy Diem was the efficient supervisor of his township, and a prominent man in public affairs. The children born to Kennedy Diem and wife were : Mary, who died in 1896, first married George Sweigart, and sec- ond, Davis Weller ; Catherine, who married Mansell Reed, of .Salisbury township ; Emma, who married David High, and lives in Philadelphia ; John H. ; Lavina, who married Joshua Roop, of Colerain township; Ellen, deceased; Kennedy, who is a ma- chinist of Atglen, Pa. ; Sarah, who married William Axe, of Salisbury township ; Margaret, who mar- ried Harry Parker, of Parkesburg; Christiann, who lives, unmarried, in Philadelphia; Susan, who mar- ried Frank Hall, an attorney in Lancaster; Benja- min, who is a farmer in Kentucky ; and Harvey, who lives in California. John Diem, father of Kennedy Diem, was a shoemaker in Salisbury township at the time of his death, although he had been born in Ger- many. His wife's maiden name was Kennedy. Belonging to a large family, John H. Diem fin- ished his public school education in order to become an earning factor in the family, at the tender age of ele\en years leaving home to assist neighboring farmers. Until he was eighteen this was his cus- tom, his ready and willing service always making him welcome. Then Mr. Diem learned the wheel- wright trade in Salisbury township, and was en- gaged in this when came the stirring events of 1861. His services were with the transportation depart- ment, and as a driver and wheelwright he was in the service of the Government until -the close of the war, often being placed in the most dangerous situations, but he returned to Salisbury township in safety. For one j'ear Mr. Diem engaged here in his trade, and then added to it a coach manufacturing business, continuing in this line for a period of thirteen years. In 1881 he moved upon his present farm, which con- sists of forty acres of well-improved land, and here he remained, also interested in his other enterprises, until 1891, when he retired. Formerly Mr. Diem was connected with a number of fraternal organiza- tions, but resigned from them all, and for manv years has been an Independent in politics, voting' as his judgment directs, trying to select the best man for the position, irrespective of party ties. In December, 1868, in Lancaster, John H. Diem was married to Miss Catherine Trego, and the fam- ily born to this union is one of the most highly es- teemed in this township. Thev are as follows : Har- Im, who operates the home farm ; Dorothy, who mar- ried Christian Erb, a farmer of this township r Amanda, who married Harry Mullen, a livery keeper, of Christiana ; Frederick, who resides in Lan- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 711 caster; Rebecca, who is attending college in Phila- delphia; Evanna, who is attending the Millersville Normal School ; Brinton, a barber by trade, living at home ; Scott, deceased ; and Flora, deceased. All of these children have been afforded excellent educa- tional advantages. Mrs. Catherine (Trego") Diem was bofn in Sahs- bury township Jan. 25, 1843, daughter of Robert and Dorothy (Ely) Trego, the former of whom was a native of Chester county, and the latter of Lancaster county and Salisbury township. In his younger years Mr. Trego was a mason by trade, but later he purchased a farm and operated it until within two years of his death, when he retired from active work. The father of Mrs. Diem died April 15, 1880, at the age of seventy-seven years, and the mother at the age of eighty-three years, having survived until 1888. Both parents had been most worthy members of the Presbyterian Church, and they were laid to rest in the cemetery at Pequea, regretted by all who knew them as kind neighbors and reliable friends. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Trego were : Mary A., who married John Ream, a farmer of Salisbury township; George M., who is a retired farmer of Gap; Christiann. who died young; Catherine, the wife of John H. Diem ; and John L., who is a farmer of Salisbury township. The grandparents of Mrs. Diem were Peter and Mary C. (Jenkins) Trego, farming people of Chester county, and George and Catherine (Pearl) Ely, of Lancaster county. Mr. Diem is one of the substantial and respected citizens of this township, who built up a large busi- ness by the exercise of sound methods, and in con- nection proved hiniself a most excellent farmer and a representative citizen. PARKE EDMUND SHEE, secretary of the In- ternational Cream Separator Co., whose works are located at the corner of Grant and Christian streets, is a Lancasterian by adoption, having lived h5re for the past three vears, and has had business relations with our Deopie for twenty years. One year ago, he became* the organizer of the Cream Separator Cp., of which he is secretary. The other officers are: Byron L. Dodge, of cork works and safety buggy in- terests, president ; ex-sheriff John H. Myers, vice- president ; and Charles H. Locher, -president of the City Trust Company, treasurer. The cream sepa- rator which this company manufactures saves twen- ty-five per cent, over the old crock process. It is not strange, therefore, that the output of the company should find vast sales, not only all over the United States, but even in South Africa, Portugal, Spam, Venezuela, England and other foreign countries. Mr. Shee has an exceedingly interesting his- tory, and no man in the State— perhaps no man m the country — is descended from a more historical line of ancestrv. These ancestors came from West- meath, Ireland', arid were the owners of Ardanogroh Castle. They left Ireland on account of the tea riots, and settled in Germantown, where their lands were confiscated by the British. Mr. Shee's great-great- uncle is mentioned in the Encyclopedia Britannica as President of the Royal Academy of Arts, in Lon- don, and hid great-grandfather, Walter Shee, who was a successful wholesale tea merchant in Philadel- phia, was a brother of Gen. John Shee, who was com- mander of the Ninth Continentals in the Revolution- ary war, and who afterward succeeded Muhlenburg as Collector of the Port at Philadelphia, to which position he was appointed by President Madison. Walter and John Shee, tea merchants, were among the first to sign the Non-importation Act in 1773, and their names hang in Independence Hall. Mr. Shee's great-grandmother, on his father's side, Ce- cilia Parke, was a sister of Col. John Parke, of Rev- olutionary fame, who carried to Washington the news of the surrender of the British in New York harbor, and the renowned John Parke Custis was a cousin. Few, indeed, among us, can boast of Rev- olutionary ancestry like this. His grandfather, Parke Shee, was one of the oldest paper manufactur- ers in Delaware county (near Media), and he was one of the most prominent Whigs in the State. He died about thirty-five years ago, aged eighty-six years, and the paper business descended to his son, Edmund Brooks Shee, the father of Parke E. Shee, of Lancaster. Edmund B. Shee, who entered into rest at the early age of forty-two years, married Emaline D.' Wayne, daughter of Joseph Wayne, a wholesale lum- ber merchant of Philadelphia, and a granddaughter of a brother of "Mad z\nthony" Wayfie. Four chil- dren were born of this union, one of whom, Frank, died in early childhood. The survivors are : Ed- ward, in the insurance business, in Philadelphia ; Anna, widow of William Thompson, a lawyer of New York, and now making her home in Maryland, near Washington, D. C. ; and Parke Edmund, of Lancaster. Park Edmund Shee was born in Philadelphia Aug. 8, 1855, and was educated in the public schools of that city. He began his business career as a clerk in a sugar refinery, afterward held the position of time keeper for the Wharton Railroad Switch Co., for two or three years. He then passed three years as assistant superintendent of the Riverside Oil Works, and six years with the Seabc^rd Oil Works. Two years more were spent with Thomas P. Conard, dealer in rails and equipment, boilers, engines and machinery, after which he engaged in the same bus- iness for himself, in Philadelphia, for three or four years. In 1898, Mr. Shee came to Lancaster, and is very comfortably located, with his family at No. 552 West James street. College Heights. Mr. Shee has been twice married. His first wife was Miss Marguerite Bonsall. daughter of Job T. Bonsall, of Middletown, Delaware county. Five children were born of this union, one of whom died in infancy. The survivors are Parke B., a machinist in Philadelphia, married and has one child ; Emma and Mary, both attending Maryland College at 712 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Lntherville. Md. ; and Warde attending school in this city. The mother of these children died at Chester, in 1897, and on April 2, 1899, Mr. Shee married Miss Sarah Roberts, daughter of the late Samuel Roberts, of Lancaster. Religiously Mr. Shee is of the Episcopal faith, although his ancestors, pa- ternal and maternal were Hicksite Quakers. Politi- cally he is a Republican, but he never held any office save that of census enumerator, in Delaware county in 1880. Socially he is a member of the B. P. O. E. He is a thoroughly wide-a-wake, progressive and lib- eral minded business man and citizen. JOHN B. STROH, who is serving as justice of the peace in Manheim, has filled that position for twenty years with credit to himself and satisfaction to his constituents. He is thoroughly impartial in meting out justice, his opinions being unbiased by either fear or favor, and his fidelity to the trust re- posed in him is above question. Mr. Stroh was born in Annville, Lebanon Co., Pa., May 22, 1847, son of John and Leah (Booser) Stroh, both of whom are deceased. Being left motherless in infancy, he was reared by his maternal grandmother and an aunt, Elizabeth Booser, and was educated in the common schools and the Annville Academy, attending the latter institution during the summer months. At the age of sixteen he began teaching in the public schools of Dauphin county, and taught eight years in the same township, work- ing on the farm during vacations and in the evenings. He devoted allihis spare moments to study, and by close and continuous application gained a large fund of practical knowledge. In 1872 Mr. Stroll came to Manheim, Lancaster ■county, where he purchased property, and at once se- cured a position as teacher in the public schools. Each spring he also assisted in the Manheim National Bank for some four weeks. At first he had only a county certificate for teaching, but in 1880 he secured a State certificate, signed by J. P. Wickersham. He always took a great interest in his pupils, and through his devotion to them turned out some fine scholars. On first coming to Manheim he had charge of the secondary school ; later served as assistant principal one term; and then had charge of the grammar school. In 1879 he taught the high school, but after his election to the office of justice of the peace he returned to the grammar school, with which he was connected until 1898, when, on account of his in- creasing duties in his private affairs, as well as his official work, he retired from school teaching, hav- ing been re-elected justice of the peace at each suc- ceeding election. He is now serving his fourth term in that office, has been notary public many years, and has also been a member of the town council and audi- tor of his borough, as well as deputy coroner for Manheim and vicinitv for eight years, having just been reappointed for another term. Mr. Stroh as- sisted in establishing the city water works, was also one of the promoters of the Manheim Heating & Manufacturing Co., of which he was secretary and treasurer, and is engaged in the fire and life insurance business, while in a legal capacity he does a large business in executing deeds, etc. In 1867 Mr. Stroh married Miss Susan Stern, a native of Lancaster county, and to them were born seven children, of whom two died in "infancy. Those living are John Jacob Uriel, a graduate of the high school and Union College of Lancaster, and now chief bookkeeper in a wholesale house in Philadel- phia; Mary Ann, wife of A. K. Huber, of Crete, Neb. ; Elizabeth, wife of W. C. Enck, of Beatrice, Neb. ; Susie Maud, a graduate of the Manheim high school, now at home ; and Florence Bell, also at home. Fraternally Mr. Stroh is an honored member of Manheim Lodge, No. 587, F. & A. M. ; Chapter, No. 43, R. A. M., of Lancaster ; Lancaster Commandery, No. 13, K. T. ; Manheim Lodge, No. 657, I. O. O. F. ; Ridgly Encampment, No. 217, of Lancaster; Canton No. 25 ; Kittanning Lodge, No. 25, A. O. U. W., of Lebanon; Washington Camp, No. 590, P. O. S. A. ; Manheim Council, No. 154, O. U. A. M. ; Steigel Castle, No. 166, K. G. E. ; and the Man- heim Volunteer. Fire Company. At present he is serving as senior warden in the Masonic Lodge. He attends the Lutheran Church, has been a member of the choir for the past twenty years, and also takes an active part in Sunday-school work, teaching the Bible class. Since 1878 .Mr. Stroh has taken quite an active and influential part in political aifars ; is at present a member of the Republican committee of his ward; of the Republican county committee, in which he is serving on the execu1»re board ; and has been a hard and constant worker m the party ranks. He is a recognized power in his community, and has always been alert and active in advancing any enter- prise for the public good of Manheim and Lancaster county in general. He has erected a nice modern home in Manheim, complete in all its appointments. MARTIN WITMER. One of the representa- tive citizens of whom all speak with respect and e.steem, in Strasburg township, is Martin Witmer, a member of one of the oldest and most honorable families of Lancaster county. Martin Witmer was born July 6, 1836, and was reared on the farm of his father, the well-known Ja- cob Witmer, of West Lampeter. With others of his age, Martin attended the district schools and ac- quired a very fair education, remaining with his fa- ther until the age of twenty-four, since which time he has been operating upon his own responsibility. L'ntil 1892 he was the efficient manager of one of his father's farms, consisting of forty-nine acres, and when it came into his possession at that date, he added a small tract to it. Much interested in all agri- cultural pursuits, he has been a very successful farm- er, and is so regarded by his neigh^)ors, and has also shown himself a public-spirited and progressive cit- izen, interested in all the affairs for the good of the county. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 713 The first marriage of Mr. Witmer was on Sept. 2, 1862, to Lizzie Huber, a daughter of Levi Huber, of Willowstreet, who died in 1871, at the age of thirty years, four months and seventeen days, leaving four children: Ida L., born May 27, 1863, married J. Frank Herr, of Paradise township, and they have four children, Ivan, Edna, Myrtle and Miriam ; John H., born Oct. 3, 1864, a resident of Strasburg town- ship, married Barbara Irvin, and they have six chil- dren. Clara, Irvin, Lizzie, Clayton, Cora and Irene; ■Cathenne, born Dec. 22, 1865, was the wife of Isaac Hostetter, of Paradise township, and died May 2, 1893, aged twenty-seven years, four months, and ten days; and Martin, born March 11, 1868, a resi- dent of Lancaster, married Naomi L. Finnisfrock, and has one son, Howard ; the youngest of the family, Abraham, born Jan. 12, 1870, died on Sept. 7th, fol- lowing. The second marriage of Mr. Witmer was on Nov. 13, 1873, when Mary Mowrer, a daughter of Adam and Mary Mowrer, became his wife. She was born near Strasburg Oct. 14, 1836. To this tinion were born five children : Adam, born June 29, 1874, resides in Strasburg, and married Lizzie Groff; Aaron, born Oct. 20, 1876, resides in Stras- burg, married Florence McClune, and they have two children, Nora and Sarah ; Amos, born Oct. 27, 1879; Mary, Aug. 27, 1881 ; and Enos, born Oct. 6, 1SS3, all these younger children still remaining at home. The family is one which has long been con- nected with the Old Mennonite Church, and in it' and in the community at large it enjoys the esteem of ali. In 1892, Mr«. Witmer took possession of his property at Strasburg, adjoining the borough on the north, this place containing twenty-eight acres, and- on account of its close proximity to the town it is very valuable and desirable. MARTIN M. FIELES, a retired hotel man of Christiana, Pa., who bears well the weight of many years, was born in Warwick township, Feb. 20, 1823, a son of Peter and Magdelina (Manderbach) Fieies. natives of Duesseldorf,' Germany, and Penn- sylvania, respectively. Peter Fieies came to this country alone when only eleven years of age, and was sold for his passage, serving out its cost in Lancaster county, for a man named Batterman. He worked in the distilling business near Lititz, Pa., and for over forty years operated a distillery in Warwick township at the same stand. After a successful career he lived re- tired, and died near Berlin, Lancaster county, in 1S50. He took an active part in county politics, and on several occasions served as a delegate to the Democratic conventions, though he would not ac- cept office. His wife died in 1853, at the age of fifty-six. They were members of the Moravian Church, and had the following family: Elizabeth, deceased, married Samuel Bricker; Catherine mar- ried Isaac Kline, and is now deceased; William is also deceased ; Maria married John Shirk and Abram Bair, and has entered into rest ; Henry is deceased ; Matilda, deceased, married Nathan Sole ; Lucy Ann, deceased, married Jeremiah Rhodes ; Reuben and Henrietta are both deceased; Martin M. ; Thomas B. is a retired butcher at Amboy, 111.; William (2) was a resident of Haysville, Pa., but has passed away. Martin M. Fieies was married in February, 1848, to Ellen R. Rogers, who wa.s born in Leacock town- ship, Dec. 26, 1830, a daughter of WilHam and Mar- garet Rogers. This union was blessed with the following children: Martin L., deceased; Morde- cai M.., a hotel man in Christiana; Margaret C, and Kansas M., who both died young; William R., a hotel man in Christiana, who married Cecilia Peters, by whom he has two children. Myrtle and William ; Mary E., who married Giles Rush, and lives in Washington (They have lost one child) ; Maggie, who died at the age of twelve years and two months ; Carrie B. and Harry P., twins, who both died young; and two sons and two daughters that died in early infancy. Martin M. Fieies remained at home with his parents until he was twenty-eight years of age, for three years being in partnership with his father in the distilling business in Warwick township. In 185 1 the distillery was sold, and Mr. Fieies then en- gaged in the hotel business in Williamstown, Lan- caster county, being located there for some three years. At the end of that period he spent several years on a small farm in Leacock township. For seven years he was in the hotel business at George- town. This hotel was destroyed by fire, and for about twelve months he was out of business. For the ensuing seven years he was in a hotel at Paoli, Chester county, after which he lived retired at Lit- itz some seven years, and then removed to Balti- more, to take charge of a hotel, which he conducted for ten years. In the spring of 1887 he came back to Christiana, and bought a hotel for his two sons, which they have continued to carry on to the pres- ent time. Mr. Fieies takes a Democratic view of the politics of the country. He recalls with satisfaction the fact that in all his busy life he was never before a court, that his fees and dues as a hotel man were promptly paid, that he maintained the most friendly relations with his servants, and that he never sold a drink on Sunday. The hotel at Christiana is a four-story brick structure, containing twenty-five rooms, and is furnished with baths and electric lights. William Fieies runs a livery and feed stable in connection with the hotel, and also handles trained hunting dogs. In Baltimore he was an extensive shipper of pigeons. PLANK REESER. Agriculture has found in the person of this gentleman an able exponent of its theories as scientifically understood, and as a dem-. onstrator of its actual value through practical labor, although he is now living in retirement in his na- 714 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY tive township of Salisbury, Lancaster county. He was born April 4, 1838. John and Elizabeth (IVIast) Reeser, his parents, were born, respectively, in Salisbury township, Lan- caster county, and in Berks county, Pa., and in Sal- isbury township the mother, who was born in 1804, was called to rest in 1S69, '^^d the father, who was born in 1800, died in 1887. Both were members of the Mennonite church, and their remains were in- terred in the C^ld Road Mennonite cemetery. Their children were eleven in number, born and circum- stanced as follows: Jacob, a retired railroad man and living in Philadelphia; Christian, who lost his life at a barn-raising ; Barbara, living in Berks coun- ty, the widow of Christon Mast; John, deceased; Nicholas, a retired farmer in Chester county ; Susan- na, wife of David Wanner, also a resident of Ches- ter county ; Plank, in whose interest this biography is prepared ; Martha, deceased, but who was twice married, first to Am.os Kurtz, and secondly to Mil- ton Coffroad; Joseph, a retired merchant in Lan- caster City ; and Samuel and Amos, retired farmers of Salisbury township. The paternal grandparents of Plank Reeser were Jacob and Barbara (Plank) Reeser, of Lancaster county. Plank Reeser aided in the cultivation of the homestead until his marriage, Dec. 8, 1865, in Salis- bury township, to Miss Mary Ann Wanner, who has borne him six children, viz. : Samuel J., a farm- er; Mrs. Amanda Eby, who is the mother of one child ; John A., still at home ; Elias P., a farmer, and married to Sarah A. Reeser; Harry W., also a farmer and married to Lena Metzler ; Martin H. ; and Anna E. The three last named still reside un- der the parental roof, and the others reside elsewhere in the township. Mrs. Mary Ann (Wanner) Reeser was born in Salisbury township April 13, 1845, ^ daughter of Jacob and Nancy (Kurtz) Wanner, the former of whom followed agriculture from boyhood until within twelve years of his death, which oc- curred in May, 1898, at the well advanced age of eighty-one years; his wife died in 1869, when she was but forty-eight years old. ' The remains of both, however, now rest side by side, in the Old Road Mennonite cemetery, they having been life-long members of the Mennonite Congregation. They had born to their union five children, namely : Mary Ann, wife of Plank Reeser ; Elias, a farmer in Salisbury township : Margaret, wife of Moses Hershey, _ a farmer in Leacock township ; Lydia, deceased wife of Frank Kurtz ; and Elizabeth, who died in infancy. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Reeser were Da- vid and Susannah (Garber) Wanner, and the ma- ternal grandparents were Jacob and Mary (Whit- zel) Kurtz, both families being of German extrac- tion and of old Pennsylvania parentage, whose pur- suit through life was entirely of an agricultural na- ture. At his marriage. Plank Reeser and wife located on a farm adjoining the Reeser homestead, on which they resided and then settled on an adjoining farm of 114 acres, which has since been their home. To this they have since added another adjoining farm of 114 acres, and own besides a farm of 119 acres and one of 107 acres, both in Salisbury township. Mr. Reeser has been one of the best agriculturists that Salisbury township has ever had within its lim- its, and he has won for himself the competency that he now so deservedly enjoys. In politics Mr. Reeser has been a life-long Re- publican, has been very' popular with his party, and has served seven years as township auditor. He has been very liberal in his contributions in aid of the public improvements of the township, and in the maintenance of the Mennonite church, of which he and wife are devout members, and the teachings of which they unswervingly follow. WILLIAM HAMILTON. The pursuit of agri- culture, although at times vexatious and disappoint- ing, is as -a rufe not unpleasing, and if understand- ingly and persistently followed is sure to reward the pursuer with returns adequate to the time and la- bor expended, as the retired gentleman whose name heads this brief biography can testify, he having been born and reared to the vocation of farming. His birth took place in Leacock township, Oct. 23, 1818^ but his home is now in Salisbury township. He is a son of William and Elizabeth (Miller) Hamilton, natives of Bart and Paradise townships, and, respec- tively, of Scotch-Irish and German extraction. William Hamilton, the father, was a carpenter by trade and died in 1828, at the age of forty years, his remains being buried in the old Presbyterian churchyard in Leacock ; the second marriage of Mrs. Hamilton was to Eli Jackson. To William and Eliz- abeth (Miller) Hamilton were born seven children, named as follows : James, now deceased ; Marga- ret, who died young; Mary, who died unmarried at the age of twenty-six years ; William, whose name opens this article ; Joseph, deceased ; Elizabeth, wid- ow of Charles Marron, and residing in Philadelphia, and Sarah, widow of Michael Murr, and now living in New Holland, this county. To Eli and Elizabeth (Hamilton) Jackson were born two children: Sa- billa. deceased wife of James Miller ; and Mardula, widow of Benjamin Weaver of Lancaster. The mother of these children was called away in 1879, at the vvell-advanced age of eighty-six years, and her remains now lie at rest in the Episcopal cemetery in Leacock township. William Hamilton, whose name heads this sketch, aided his mother on the home property until he was twenty-two years old, and then worked out among the neighboring farmers until he was twenty-nine. On March 4, 1847, in New Holland, he married Sar- ah Miller, and began farming on his own account in Salisbury township. This marriage was crowned with the birth of five children, namely : Maria, who IS married to Jacob Rife, a farmer in Salisbury town- ship, and has four children: Elizabeth, wife of James High, also a farmer in Salisbury township. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY" 715 has five children; Veronica, twin of Elizabeth, died in infancy; Susannah, also died in infancy; Lydia, who is married to Winfield Ramsey, farmer in East Lampeter township, has three children. Mrs. Sarah (Miller) Hamilton was born in Up- per Leacock township, Lancaster county, Feb. 22, 1822, and died in 1866, when she was about forty-four years old, her remains being interred in Christ Church cemetery in Leacock. Her parents were George and Mary (Ronk) Miller of Lancaster coun- ty, the former of whom was a carpenter and died in 1857, when eighty 3'ears old; his wife died in 1855, at the age of seventy-nine years, and their remains were interred in West Leacock Dunkard cemetery, they having been members, respectively, of the Christian Lutheran and German Reformed, churches. They were the parents of the following named children : Emma A;, deceased wife of Will- iam Anderson ; Henry, deceased ; George, deceased ; Maria, -deceased wife of Michael Wise, and Sarah, \he deceased wife of William Hamilton, of this bi- ographical memoir. Since the death of his wife, Mr. Hamilton has made his home with his daughter and son-in-law, Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Rife, although he has ample means to pay his way anywhere ; here he is at home, with loving hands to attendto his every want. Mr. Hamilton and his family are members of the Epis- copal church. In politics he is a Democrat. Re- markably active and well-preserved for his years, very generous in all things and charitable in the broadest sense of the word, he is looked upon as one of the best natured men in the county. He has many friends, and there is not an individual in the town- ship that does not respect and honor him. ' HERMAN W. GRAYBILL. The founder of the Graybill family in Lancaster county was Daniel Graybill, who came from Switzerland to America, and made his home in the new land, upon a fine farm- ing tract in the locality of what now is Pennville — the original purchase of 100 acres, inade more than a century ago, still being in possession of the same family. Two farms have been made of this pro- ductive land, upon which succeeding owners have been honest and energetic .tillers of the rich soil ever since. The early members of the family were among the founders of the German Baptist Church in this locality. Daniel Graybill had three sons : David, who re- moved to Ohio,' and was the founder of a family there, which has many descendants ; Samuel, who settled down near his birth place and engaged in farming, rearing a worthy family ; and the second son, Daniel, was the grandfather of the Graybill family of this vicinity. Tn'1813 Daniel Graybill, son of the founder, came into possession of the old homestead, and thereon erected a residence which still is fit for occupancy, ■and remained on the place until his eldest son was readv to marrv and form a home for himself, when he purchased some 200 acres of the old Hershey es- tate at Petersburg, removed to it, and gave up the homestead to his son. There he died, at the age or seventy-two, having been during his entire life a farmer. His wife was Mary Hollinger, and to them were born : Joseph, Daniel and Isaac, deceased ; Ja- cob, who died at the age of seventy-seven years ; and Benjamin, Martha, Elizabeth and Barbara, all de- ceased. Daniel Graybill, the third of the name, was born in 1814, and died in 1890. He always followed a pastoral life. Politically he belonged to the Republi- can party, but ever set an example of the value of a qiiiet life, devoted to his family and his religious duties, and reared a family which possesses the re- spect of the community in which it holds a prominent place. He married Elizabeth Witmer, the daugh- ter of Herman Witmer, who died in 1886, and Daniel Graybill died at the age of seventy-six. Their chil- dren were : Martha, the wife of Daniel Kreider, re- sides on the old Graybill homestead, near Peters- burg; Herman W. is our subject; Amos W. died while on his way to California, from his home, in Kansas, where he had located, at Morrill, and was a well-known carpenter, farmer and undertaker; Benjamin W. is a farmer and stock raiser of Ore- gon : and David W. is a tobacco dealer of Petersburg. Herman W. Graybill was born Sept. 15, 1842, and was reared as a farmer boy, early learning the duties and pleasures of agricultural life. He re- ceived his education in the most excellent schools of his district, his farther educational career being interrupted by the outbreak of the Civil war. In 1863 he enlisted in Co. H, 47th State Militia, and faithfully served for three months. Mr. Graybill had advantages superior to the ordinary farmer boy, as he was able to spend two years in travel, visiting in this tour seventeen States, and gaining much experience and seeing life under many phases. Upon his return to Petersburg, he engaged in the coal and lumber business, also doing some farming, but public affairs have claimed a great portion of his time ever since he reached his maturity. Of a progres- sive and energetic nature, he has been identified with almost all the matters of public interest and im- provement, and has been particularly prominent in all educational movements. For twenty-four years he has served on the school board, for sixteen years being its efficient secretary, during which time many needed reforms have been made in the conduct of the schools, and in the erection and management of build- ings, the demands of increasing population making the labors no light task. Mr. Graybill has filled al- m.ost everv local office in the gift of his party, and was a delegate to the Republican County Convention, as early as his twenty-first year, has been judge of elec- tion's, and is now serving his fourth term as director of the poor, the confidence of the whole county being placed in him. Many estates are satisfactorily set- tled by his good judgment and knowledge of law; for the past twenty-five years probably four or five 716 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY have been in his hands at one time. No man stands higher in the community, and no one is better fitted worthily to represent it. Mr. Graybill has been married three times. His first marriage was to Martha Landis, a daughter of Henry Landis, of Petersburg, but .her death, with that of her infant, occurred in 1868. Mr. Graybill was married second in 1869, to Mrs. Kate Minnich, a daughter of Jacob Swarr, but her death occurred about one year later, and on Oct. 21, 1873, he married Fannie A. Bassler, the estimable daughter of John Bassler. To this union were born four children: Nora, who is the wife of John M. GrofI, an attorney of Lancaster City; John B., who fives at home, a brilliant young man, who, after graduating with honors from the Franklin and Marshall College, of Lancaster City, in the class of 1900, was immedi- ately appointed a justice of the peace for Petersburg ; and Daniel and Kathryn, at home. The religious connection of the family is with the Reformed Church, where it is much esteemed. Mr. Graybill is a man who deserves the high favor in which he is held by his fellow-citizens, and in the many trusts ' that have been placed in his hands, he has acquit- ted himself with credit and to the satisfaction of all. JOHN G. ZOOK, publisher of The Express, Lititz, was born in Manheim township, on the farm now occupied by James Purvis, on the Conestoga, a mile north of Binkley, May 30, 1853. He obtained his education in the common schools, with an ele- mentary course at the Millersville Normal school from which he graduated in 1875. While attending Normal school in summer, he taught school in win- ter, teaching six terms in all. In 1877 his father, John Zook, moved to Lititz, where, in connection with E. Z. Ernst, the subject of this sketch start- ed the printing and publishing business, the first publication being The Sunbeam, a literary and edu- cational monthly. In 1879 Mr. Ernst withdrew from the firm and went West. In September, 1881, in con- nection with C. N. Derr, Mr. Zook changed The Sunbeam to the Lititz Express, and it has been pub- lished now for twenty-one years. Mr. Derr with- drew in February, 1895. The Express has been po- litically mainly independent. The pubHsher was a Republican until 1889, when he espoused the Pro- hibition cause, and voted the ticket as a matter of conviction of the riehteousness of the cause. In the same manner he examined the Socialist program, and is now a conscientious advocate of the public owner- ship of the means of production and distribution as the best way to secure social and economic justice. He haS held no public office except that of school director in 1887-89, and from which he retired be- cause he was a candidate on the Prohibition ticket. He said he would rather be right than school direc- tor. He is a member of the Moravian Church, the congregation's treasurer and assistant superintend- ent of the Sunday School. In 1879 Mr. Zook was married to Alice Carey, daugliter of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Wolfe, of Marietta. Their children were : Harry W., with the Pennsyl- vania Steel Co., at Steelton; Ethel, assisting in the bookstore of her father at Lititz ; Herbert, employed in The Express office ; and Alice and Edna, at home. Mr. Zook's mother, who has attained the advanced age of four score years, is now an honored member of his home at Lititz, but his father passed away in 1880, at the age of sixty-seven. Our subject's grandfather, John Zook, lived in Chester county during the Revolution, and the fences on his farm were taken down before the battle of Brandywine. As far as Mr. Zook can gather from tradition the great-grandfather. Christian, was one of three brothers Zug (changed to Zook) who emi- grated from Zug, Switzerland, early in the i8th cen- tury, and from whom all the Zooks descended. The name is now spelled four ways, Zug, Zuck, Zuch and Zook. BENJAMIN M. BARR. Among the old and well-known families of East Lampeter township, that of Barr takes a prominent place, having been founded in Lancaster county many years ago by German pioneers. The name of Benjamin has been a favorite one in this family, and there are many who still recall the father of Benjamin M., also Ben- jamin, who was a son of Benjamin, the grandfather. The latter had his residence near Willowstreet, where he was known as a distiller and prosperous farmer ; he married Catherine Mayers, a member of another old family, and to them were born : Samuel, who married Maria Stauffer; Harry, who died at the age of twenty-one; Benjamin; Elizabeth, who mar- ried John Hernley; Mary, who married Jacob Kr eider ; and David and Katie, both of whom died in childhood. The burial of the grandparents was in the cemetery at the Old Brick Church, near Wil- lowstreet. Benjamin Barr, son of Benjamin, was born near Willowstreet, May 10, 1796, and died Jan. 29, 1890. His life was passed in agricultural labor, in which he was very successful, as he accumulated land and means, and was one of the highly esteemed residents of the township. He married Mary Mayley, and the children of this union were : Elizabeth, who is the widow of Isaac Hostetter; Catherine, who is the widow of Isaac Weaver; Martha, born in June, 1826,^ now the widow of John Landis ; Martin, who married Elizabeth Parent, and resides in Darke coun- ty, Ohio; Mary, who married Jacob Denlinger; Benjamin M., of this biography; Fanny, who mar- ried Henry Groff , both of whom are dead ; and Su- sanna, who resides at Fertility, on the Strasburg pike road, a lady who is known far and wide, in the neighborhood, as a pious. Christian woman, full of good deeds and kind acts, and one of the most de- vout m.embers of the Reformed Mennonite Church. The parents of this family of children were rever- ently interred in the cemetery at the Longenecker Meeting House. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 717 Benjamin M. Barr was born in Manor township Dec. 9, 183 1, a son of Benjamin and Mary (Mayley) Barr, and was reared on the farm. Until he was twenty years of age, he attended the schools of the district, although his tendencies were not of a lit- erary bent, being more inclined to learn something of the world by observation, than from books. " At the age of twenty-four he accompanied his father on a trip to Darke county, Ohio, and he had some idea of remaining in that State, with his brother Martin, but at the termination of six months, he became homesick and returned to Lancaster county. Before settling down permanently on the old farm, he made another short trip to Ohio, and then went on a pros- pecting trip, at the instance of his brother-in-law, John Landis, into West Virginia, but likewise re- turned from the South, well contented with Lancas- ter county as a home. On Oct. 9, i860, Benjamin M. Barr was married to Lydia, the estimable daughter of Thomas and Leah (Urban) McMullan, of Pequea township, and they began housekeeping upon a small farm of nine- teen acres, on the Wilmington pike road, this now being included in the farm of Samuel Burkhart. On that farm Mr. Barr and his family resided until in 1873, when he purchased the present farm, consist- ing of thirty-eight acres. In 1878 he bought a fine farm adjoining, but sold it seven years later. To Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin Barr were born these children: (i) Ellis G., the capable manager of the home farm, has been twice married, the children of the first marriage being : Ada E., Lydia May, Ben- jamin E., and Martin B. .(who died in early child- hood) ; his second wife, Ida Andrew, has borne him one son, Martin McKinley, born January i, 1898. (2) Benjamin Franklin, familiarly known by his second name, Frank, is one of the well-known and active young business men of Lancaster, where he is engaged as a florist. Although Mr. Barr has never connected himself with any religious denomination, he stands very high in the community, and is regarded by his neighbors as an upright man, and a useful, charitable and hon- orable citizen. SAMUEL N. ROOT. Among the well-known citizens and highly respected residents of East Heinpfield township, who now makes his home in Landisville, Lancaster Co., Pa., where he is engaged in the tobacco business, is Samuel N. Root, whose birth took place m East Donegal township. While but a babe he was taken by his parents to East Hempfield township, and there reared, and there re- ceived his preparatory education in the public schools. Later he took a business course at the well-known Eastman Business College, in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., and then engaged in farming. Prior to his attendance at College, Mr. Root had been for a year engaged in the implement and feed business in East Petersburg, but after his return he settled on a farm about one mile north of Petersburg, and there continued agricultural labors until 1900, when he moved into the town of Landisville, erecting there a three-story building for a warehouse, with dimensions of 102x40 feet, managing the tobacco business in connection with farming. He is a man of business ability and owns several fine farms, one of forty-two acres in East Hempfield township, and another in Drumore township, consisting of eighty- five acres, both of them well cultivated and finely improved. Politically the neighbors of Samuel Root know just where he is, for he is a stanch Repubhcan, and as becomes a good citizen, never fails to cast his ballot. On Aug. 2, 1887, Mr. Root was married to Amanda Swarr, daughter of Aaron and Elizabeth (Nor- wich) Swarr, who was born in East Hempfield town- ship on the old family homestead situated along the Plarrisburg Pike road. Both Mr. Root and wife are prominent members of the German Baptist Church, where they are highly valued for their Christian character. ABRAHAM HARNISH. Agriculture is the noblest, as well as the most essential, of all the em- ployments to which the hand of man can be turned, and when to this industry its follower adds the art of building, which in its higher branches may be terrhed a fine art, he is indeed fortunate. Abraham Harnish, whose brief biography is herewith presented, can justly lay claim to title of expert in both callings, be- ing a stone mason, brick-layer and farmer, with his residence in Salisbury township, Lancaster county, Pa. He was born near Conestoga Centre, this coun- ty, March 19, 1837, son of Elias and Fanny (Urban) Harnish, of Swiss descent. Elias Harnish was a distiller in his younger days, but later became a farmer, and was very successful. He died in February, 1877, when sixty-nine years old. Mrs. Fanny (Urban) Harnish was called away in August, 1853, at the early age of thirty-nine years. The remains of these parents were buried in West Lampeter township, they having been members of the New Mennonite church. Their nine children were born in the following order : Sabanah, who married Levi Eby of Lampeter township, and died in 1898; Lydia, who died single in 1900; George, a farmer in West Lampeter township ; Abraham, whose name stands at the opening of this biograph- ical notice; Anna, wife of Jacob Eshleman of Stras- burg, Lancaster county; Catherine, deceased wife of Abraham Herr ; Frances, unmarried and living in Strasburg; Elias, deceased; and Amanda, deceased wife of John C. Kaylor, a school teacher in Stras- burg. Abraham Harnish was united in marriage May 9, 1869, in Lancaster with Miss Frances Dieffen- baugh, who has borne him eight children, in the fol- lowing order : Enos, who is a plumber at Stevens Point, Wis. ; Avzula, wife of Howard Kemmer, a shoemaker in Paradise township, Lancaster county. Pa., and the mother of three children ; Adelia, mar- 718 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ried to Duffy Folk, a bricklayer in Strasburg ; Alta, unmarried and at home ; Chester L., a farmer in Lea- cock township; Morris, Lizzie and Harry F., all three at home. Mrs. Frances (Dieffenbaugh) Harnish was born in Willov/street, Lampeter township, Sept. 4, 1847, daughter of Jacob and Martha (Urban) Dieffen- baugh, the former of whom was a prominent farmer, but died in 1852, at the early age of thirty years ; the latter survived until 1895, when she was called to rest at the age of sixty-four. Their remains were in- terred in Lancaster. They were the parents of the following children : Harry, a farmer in Oklahoma ; Martha, wife of Adam Lefever, a machinist in Mil- waukee; and Frances, Mrs. Harnish. The mother, however, was twice married, her second husband being James Kern, and to this union were born: James, a horse trader in Trenton, N. J. ; Anna, de- ceased ; Augustus, of New York ; Charles, deceased ; and Ada, tmmarried and living in New York City. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Harnish were Henry and Anna (Bressler) Dieffenbaugh, of Tan- nery, Pa. [Further particulars concerning this re- spected family will be found in the biography of Mrs. Jason K. Eaby, of Leacock township.] Abraham Harnish remained with his parents until his marriage and then located at Intercourse, Leacock township, where he conducted a general store seven and a half years, and finally settled on his present farm in the spring of i88r, filling in several intervals by working at his trade. In politics he is a Democrat. He is strictly upright, and bears a name that is respected wherever known. HON. JEREMIAH ALBERT STOBER, whose residence is in Schoeneck, Lancaster county, repre- sents the 14th Senatorial District in the State Legis- lature. Jacob Stober, his grandfather, was of German- born parentage. He is supposed to have been the first of the family to settle in Lancaster county. His home was in Clay township, and there he followed, farming. His life was brief, as he was called away when he was but forty-two years of age. He was interred in the Brickerville Lutheran cemetery. His wife belonged to the Zartman family, prominent in Lancaster county for many years ; after the death of her husband she made her home with her only son, Elias, until her death. Elias Stober, the father of Senator Stober ,_ was born on the old Stober place in 1816, and made it his home until 1842. In 1837 he was married to Sarah Zeigler, a daughter of Dr. Charles Frederick Wolf- gang Zeigler, who had come from Stuttgart, Ger- many, when a' young man. After his arrival in this country Dr. Zeigler was married to Mary Regar, and became the father of a family whose home was at Reamstown. For many years he practiced medi- cine at Reamstown, and died at Akron, in 1841. The first child of Elias and Sarah Stober was the subject of this sketch, who was born Jan. 20, 1842, on the old homestead, the birthplace of both his father and grandfather. About 1842 Elias Stober removed with his fam- ily to near Lincoln, then named New Ephrata, in Clay township, where he was engaged as a clerk in the general store of Levi S. Hacker, and became quite prominent in the community, being elected a school director soon after the establishment of the free school system. Another son and three daughters were here born to Mr. and Mrs. Stober, but not one of them survived the perils of childhood, and Sena- tor Stober remained their only living child. It was in this community that Elias Stober acquired suffi- cient means to enter upon a business career for him- self, and he accordingly established a general store in a building which is now occupied by the Lincoln National Bank. Some eight years later he bought the general store run by Allen W. Mentzef, and es- tablished himself at Schoeneck, where he continued in business until 1893. Mrs. Sarah Stober died Dec. 31, 1S99. Both were devout members of the Brick- erville Lixtheran Church, where they had attended from early youth. Jeremiah Albert 'Stober, whose name introduces this sketch, is well known in the political circles of the northern part of Lancaster county, as Senator "Al. Stober." He spent his early boyhood in the vicin- ity of Lincoln, Clay township, and attended the local schools. One of his early teachers, William Ober- ly, is still living in Ephrata, and another, the Rev. Isaac Keller, is the present pastor of the Baptist cir- cuit, of which Springville is the center. When about fourteen years old Mr. Stober attended the famous "Ephrata Academy," then conducted in the. Cloister buildings at Ephrata, as a private enterprise under Prof. Hill, and a little later under Prof. Yeager, the father of the present editor and proprietor of the Ephrata Review.' Here .Senator Stolaer completed his common school education. His next step was to take a clerkship in the general store of S. P. A. Weid- man, under whose efficient eye he acquired a practi- cal knowledge of business in many of its most fa- miliar forms. At tlie end of two years he entered his father's store as a clerk. Shortly after this he married Harriet Musser, and moved to Schoeneck. Mrs. Stober was a daughter of William Musser, of Lincoln, and a sister of Edwin Mwsser, the present auditor of Lancaster county. At the time of her marriage Mrs. Stober was about twenty-four years of age. About a year after coming to Schoeneck, Mr. Stober was appointed postmaster, his commis- sion bearing the name of President Grant. His first presidental vote was cast for the re-election of Pres- ident Lincoln, and from that day to this he has al- ways been a stanch Republican. After serving as postmaster for about a year, Mr. Stober resigned to take the position of justice of the peace of West Cocalico township. For twenty-eight years he has been_ justice, except when he represented his dis- trict in the House of Representatives. In 1875 he was elected a member of the Legislature from the Third BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 719 district of Lancaster county. He was re-elected and served four continuous sessions of the Lower House. At tlie expiration of this period he was again elected justice of the peace, and continued to serve in that capacity until his election to the State Senate in 1898, from the 14th Senatorial District. Senator Stober is an efficient member of the Up- per House, and keeps a vigilant eye on everything that might affect the interests of his constituents. He was active in securing the appropriation of $5,000 for the erection of a monument to the memory of the Revolutionary soldiers, who were buried at Mt. Zion, near Ephrata, and he delivered the historical address to an immense audience at its unveiling. Senator Stober served his country during the late war, and was a volunteer in the 50th Regiment, Pa. Militia. He is now a member of Major Ricksecker Post, No. 152, G. A. R., at Lincoln, and was a delegate from this post to the last State Encampment. Senator Stober is prominent in fraternal circles, being a master IVlason, and a member of Ashara Lodge, No. 398, F. & A. M., at Marietta; a past grand of Lodge No. 408, 1. O. O. F., at Reamstown , a member of Lodge No. 253, K. of P., at Lititz, in which order he was deputy grand chancellor, of Lancaster county; a member of Camp No. 13, P. O. S. A., at Denver, in which order he has served two terms as District president for Lancaster county. From a poor boy Senator Stober has risen to a condition of independence, and has accumulated a fair competence. In business life he is as prominent as he is in politics. In Schoeneck he has a modest but attractive home, and is in business as a dealer in leaf tobacco and a manufacturer of cigars. During his long service as justice of the peace, scrivener and surveyor, he has deeply impressed himself upon this section of the county, and he has made a name for himself above reproach. WILLIAM BRINTON, in his life time a suc- cessful farmer, was born in November, 1785, and he died in the present home of the family, which is sit- uated on the Newport Pike, about half way between Gap and Christiana, Lancaster county, Feb. 10, 1878. His remains are resting in a private burying ground on the family homestead. The Brintons are of English descent. William Brinton, a native of England, came to America in 1684, and settled in Chester county. Pa. Moses Erinton, son of the emigrant and grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was born in Chester county in 1725, but in 1747 he located on land in Leacock town- ship, Lancaster county, given him by his father. He married Eleanor, daughter of Hattel Verman, a na- tive of Ireland, and died in 1789. Joseph Brinton, son of Moses and Eleanor, was born Nov. 22, 1754, and died in 1809. He was mar- ried in 1784 to Susanna Rigbe, and their children were: William, whose name introduces this arti- cle ; James and Samuel, both deceased ; Marv, who rriarried (first) Joseph Cole, (second) David Town- send, and died at the age of ninety years ; Sarah, born m 1793, who married Joseph Cooper, and died in William Brinton engaged in agricultural pursuits all his life, and in 1858 located on the place yet occu- pied by his family. In Sadsbury township, Lancas- ter county, in 1823, he wedded Gulielma Cooper, by whom he had the folloAving children : Cassandra R., who married Thomas Harvey, and died the mother of three children ; Jane, who married Parvin Smith, became the mother of eight children, and is now de- ceased ; Joseph, who married (first) Mary H-owland, and (second) her sister Anna; Susanna; and Mary B. who married Joseph J. Hopkins, a farmer in Sadsbury township. Mrs. Gulielma (Cooper) Brin- ton was born in Chester county. Pa., and died Dec. 29, 1879, at the advanced age of eighty-six. She was a daughter of James and Mary (Paxton) Coo- per, of Chester and Berks counties, respectively, and a granddaughter of Calvin Cooper, of England. James Cooper was a fuller by trade, and spent his entire life in Chester county ; his children were ; Jo- seph, Gulielma, Cyrus and Aaron. William Brinton was a man of pronounced Aboli- tion convictions ; he took an active part in freeing slaves, and helping them on their way North. All the Cooper family belonged to the Society of Friends. Miss Susanna Brinton, who occupies the old home, has ample means to gratify her charitable inclina- tions, and has given among other substantial public benefits, two large iron fountains for watering horses to the borough of Christiana. SAMUEL McNEAL, a retired carpenter, of Gap, was born in Earl township, Lancaster county, Sept. 27, 1 82 1, son of Archibald and Catherine (Corl) McNeal, both natives of this county. Archibald McNeal, who resided in Sadsbury township, was a plasterer by trade, and while work- ing, in 1850, when in his seventieth year, fell from a ladder, and died. His remains were buried at Georgetownr. His widow, Catherine Corl, born in April, 1795, died in Gap, in October, 1886, her burial being in the Gap cemetery. The children born to this union were: Daniel, deceased; Samuel, of this sketch ; Cyrus, a retired carpenter of Bart town- ship ; Jacob ; John, deceased ; Mary A., who died young; Henry, deceased; Archibald, a carpenter, in Philadelphia ; Elizabeth, who died young ; Abraham, a carpenter at Pottsville ; Rebecca, who married Thomas Nixon, a blacksmith at Gap ; and Margaret, wife of Jacob Wise, a farmer of Salisbury township. Until his marriage Mr. McNeal remained at home working for his parents, and after that he lived with them, and for some years followed his trade, which he had already learned. In 1870 he moved to Philadelphia, where he lived until 1893, when he came back to spend his declining years among his old friends in Lancaster county. Mr. McNeal has been a successful man in his line of work and enjoys ample means. Both he and wife are consistent 720 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY members of the Methodist Church in which he is one of the trustees. In his political sympathy, Mr. McNeal is a Democrat, but has never sought ofHce. On Feb. lo, 1846, Mr. McNeal was united in marriage in Lancaster, to Miss Elizabeth Grofif, and the children born to this union were as follows : William, a minister in the M. E. Church, resides in Monroe county. Pa., married Isabella Guthrie and they have one child ; Cyrus is a machinist in Phila- delphia, married Anna Baldwin, and they have had six children, three of whom are deceased ; Mary died unmarried at the age of forty-seven years; and Susan married William B. Williams, a miller in Chester county, and has four children. Mrs. McNeal was born in Strasburg, Lancaster county, Sept. 10, 1825, a daughter of George and Mary (Myers) Grofif, of Lancaster county, the former of whom was a well-known brick manu- facturer, who was born in Lancaster in 1789, and died in 1842. His widow died in November, 1876, aged eighty-four years, and they were both interred in the cemetery of the German Lutheran Church, being consistent members of that religious body. Their children were: Samuel, George and Angel- ica, deceased ; Kate, deceased, the wife of James Brady ; Elizabeth, who became Mrs. McNeal ; Mich- ael, deceased : John, who is a painter in Oxford ; and Susan, deceased, who married William Strine. RICHARD BLICKENDERFER, proprietor of the general iron foundry and machine works at Lan- caster, is one of that city's prominent business men and highly esteemed citizens. The Blickenderfer family originated in Switzer- land, from which country came Christian Blicken- derfer, born in 1751, to join his two brothers, who had previously come to the United States. One of these located in Maryland, and the other settled in the western part of Pennsylvania, where he became conspicuous later as an Indian fighter. Christian, who was the grandfather of Richard, located in Lit- itz, Lancaster county, where many of -his country- men of the Moravian faith had made their homes, and there he passed his life. Henry Blickenderfer, father of Richard, was born in Lititz August 17, 1808, and in 1832 married El- vina L. Beitle, who was born in Nazareth, North- ampton Co., Pa. He settled down in his birthplace to the business of manufacturing cigars, a line in which he engaged very extensively until 1849, when he moved to Neffsville, where he spent one year as manager of a hotel. From there he moved to Lan- caster, taking charge of the "Washington House,'' a hotel which occupied the site of the present "North- ern Market House," and there he remained until 1864, when he retired from activity. For a long period Mr. Blickenderfer was prominently identified with public affairs in Lancaster county. During the administration of President Buchanan he was census enumerator, and with efficiency filled various offices in the gift of the Democratic party. He was par- ticularly well known as a Free Mason, being a mem- ber of both Council and Commandery (treasurer of the latter) , and he belonged also to the Odd Fellows and Red Men. His religious training was received in the Moravian Church, of which he was a birth- right member. He died Jan. 31, 1897, and his widow still resides in Lancaster City; although she was born in 181 2, she still retains her faculties in a remarkable degree. Mr. and Mrs. Blickenderfer had children as follows : Ellen, born Feb. 14, 1834, mar- ried the late Judge Henry Starbuck, of Salem, N. C, whose son is now notable as being the youngest . judge of the Superior Court in North Carolina; James, born August 20, 1835, is now a resident of Colorado; William, born April 5, 1837, is a grocery merchant in Lancaster (he served in the Civil war with credit to himself and his country) ; Edward, born Feb. 27, 1839, was in the dry-goods business in Lancaster, and died Nov. 20, 1887 ; Richard is men- tioned below ; Mary, born May 9, 1842, married Emanuel Weidler, of Reading, Pa. ; Harry, born Feb. 26, 1846, served in the Civil war, was later, as a skilled machinist, a foreman in his brother's foundry, and died Jan. 12, 1891 ; Jacob, born March 8, 1845, is postmaster at Farmington, Wash, (he was also a soldier in the Civil war) ; Miss Emma, born August 5, 1848, resides with her venerable mother, in Lan- caster; two died in infancy. Richard Blickenderfer was born in Lititz, Lan- caster county, Feb. 3, 1841. His education was ac- quired in the public schools, and at the age of eigh- teen years he entered a cabinet shop in Lancaster. There the first call for troops reached him, at the outbreak of the Civil war, and with loyal enthusiasm he assisted in forming Company B, of the 1st Re- serves, for three years' service, but owing to an acci- dent he never served in that company. Ori Oct. 14, 1861, he enlisted at Pitts, Pa., in Company C, 79th P. V. I., and was under Capt. Dysart until his death, in Kentucky, when Capt. Boone took charge. Mr. Blickenderfer remained with his company until Oct. 8, 1862, when, at the battle of Perryville, he was seriously wounded, a minie ball passing through his right leg. Although he was taken to hospital No. 8, Louisville, Ky., gangrene set in, and he was mus- tered out of the service at Louisville on March 27, 1863. A truly brave as well as loyal man, the fol- lowing June found him engaged in forming Com- pany D, of the 50th Emergency Regiment, in which he was commissioned second lieutenant. This regi- ment was engaged in guard duty along the Susque- hanna river, at Williamsport, Md., and on the Po- tomac river, and was finally discharged, in 1863. Then Mr. Blickenderfer went to Washington, D. C, where he served in the Quartermaster's department until all danger of invasion was over. Returning to Lancaster, he re-enlisted, entering the 3d Heavy Artillery, with which he was stationed at Fortress Monroe for two months, later taking a transfer to Company E, i88th P. V. I., 24th Army Corps, and serving in the James River campaign. He was hon- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 721 orably discharged June 18, 1865. After this long, varied and faithful service Mr. Blickenderfer re- turned to Lancaster, but did not remain idle. He apprenticed himself to Arburger, McCollough & Co., for one year, and worked for them as a journeyman until April i, 1866, as a patternmaker. In April, 1867, he started a brass foundry. After three rrionths of such experience, the opportunity presented itself for him to enter into an iron foundry business, which he purchased from Marsh, Bank & Martin, and he operated the same at Duke and Chestnut streets until May II, 1879, at which time his plant was destroyed by fire. Mr. Blickenderfer was not to be discour- aged in this way, and after looking about a short time purchased his present valuable plant. This was built by William Diller, in 1855, and is located at Water and Marion streets, extending back to Arch street ; the establishment comprises a general foundry and machine work shops, and employs a force of fifty-five men. By July following his loss by fire he had his new business in fine running order. He has continued its operation ever since, and through energy and ability has placed it in the front rank among the industries in this part of the State. In August, 1866, Mr. Blickenderfer married, in Lititz, Miss Clara A. Kryder, and to this union have been born these children: Minnie O. mar- ried H. L. Zook, a leather merchant and dealer in shoe findings in Lancaster; Charles H., who mar- ried Bessie Manby, is a patternmaker with his fa- ther; Bertha M. married H. L. Forry, who fills a clerical position in Lancaster; Miss Mabel E. is at home. Mrs. Clara A. (Kryder) Blickenderfer was born in Lititz, Pa., daughter of Charles H. and Olivia Kryder, the former of whom was a tailor, but later engaged in the wholesale liquor business. For four years he operated a hotel in Neffsville, but his later years were spent in Lancaster, his death occurring in 1897, at the age of seventy-eight years. His first wife died in 1863. They had these children : Ade- laide (deceased), who was the wife of Martin GrofI; Theodore (deceased), who married Fanny Miller, of Washington, D. C. ; Mary (deceased), who mar- ried George Wisner, a box manufacturer of Lan- caster ; and Clara A., wife of Mr. Blickenderfer. By his second marriage, to Sarah Christ, Mr. Kryder had one daughter, Sarah, now deceased. Mrs. Kryder lives in Lancaster. In politics Mr. Blickenderfer is a stanch Repub- lican, but he always declines to accept office. He is justly valued as a comrade of the G. A. R. post in his city, and also, belongs to the Royal Arcanum, of Lancaster, and to the Masonic fraternity, holding membership in Blue Lodge No. 43, Lancaster ; Chap- ter No. 43; Council No. 19; Commandery No. 13, Lancaster; and Harrisburg Consistory, 32d degree. Like his forefathers, Mr. Blickenderfer belongs to the Moravian Church. Coming of a family which has taken an honorable part in the history of Lan- caster county, full of energy and business acumen, 46 he has fulfilled the expectations of his friends, who have with interest watched his upward career. Mr. Buckenderfer is regarded as a strong man in busi- ness, .a most admirable citizen, and a representative factor, in many ways, in the progressive industrial life of this city. ISAAC W. SLOKOM, president of the Chris- tiana National Bank, of Christiana, Lancaster coun- ty, and one of the most prominent men in his sec- tion of the State, comes of a family which has been represented in Lancaster county for over a century. The Slokoms are of English origin, and four generations of the family rest in a private burying- ground in Lancashire, England. Isaac Slokom, great-grandfather of Isaac W., came to America from his home in Lancashire after his marriage. He first came to Pennsylvania, and located in the Wy- oming Valley, about two years before the famous massacre, carrying on farming there until a short time prior to that event, when he removed to Jeffer- son county, W. Va. There he passed the remainder of his days, and his family of three children grew to maturity in that section : Thomas was the grand- father of Isaac W. ; Jane married Jafnes H-eath, and after his death made her home in New Holland, Lan- caster count}', where she died ; Nancy married Isaac La Rue, after whose death she moved with her fam- ily to Ohio, 'settling at Skeel's Crossroads, in Wash- ington township, Mercer county, where her son, Uriah La Rue, still resides. Thomas Slokom migrated to Pennsylvania in 1798, and first resided in Providence, Lancaster county, in 1810 settling in Sadsbury township. There he carried on farming, and he also conducted the old "Red Lion Hotel," which he erected, until his death, Aug. i, 1833. Plis remains rest in Sads- bury graveyard. Thomas Slokom married "Susanna Miller, and of the eight children born to this union Samuel, father of Isaac W., was the last survivor. Mrs. Slokom died in 1842, at the home of one of her daughters, Mrs. Cross, in Redford, Mich. She was a descendant of Jacob Miller, who was born in 1663, emigrated to America from Germany, and purchased a large tract of land in the Pequea Valley, in Stras- burg township, this county. His son Samuel was the first child born in the Swiss colony. Henry Miller, a descendant of Jacob, was a member of the convention that framed the Constitution of Pennsyl- vania. Samuel Slokom was born Feb. 5, 1817, in Sads- buiy township, where he spent his entire life. When his father died he fell heir to the hotel and forty acres of land connected with that property, and he carried it on for six years. In 1841 he sold this place and purchased an improved farm in Wayne county, Mich., intending to settle there, but deciding to re- main in his old home he bought a farm of 108 acres in Bart township, and worked the same for about six years. His next purchase was a farm of thirty acres near Christiana, and during his three years' residence 722 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY on that place he carried on the Noble foundry in the village. During the last year he was in partnership with William F. Baker, to whom he sold his interest in 1853. He then invested in a farm at Coopers- ville, consisting of 102 acres, with three residences, a store and a blacksmith shop, and resided there for one year. The next year he carried on the Boone farm, of 108 acres, which he had purchased. In 1857 Mr. Slokom removed to the old Pownall farm at Christiana, comprising 128 acres, which he pur- chased of Timius P. Marshall, and there he spent the remainder of his life, which closed in 1889. As may be inferred from the various transactions in real estate referred to, Mr. Slokom was a man of keen judgment in land values, and he dealt largely in real estate, having executed over three hundred title deeds for lands. As a business man he was recognized by all who knew him to possess superior ability, which, combined with wonderful energy and industry, was the means of bringing him a fine com- petence. His judgment in the ordinary affairs of life was unusually sound, his practical common sense and wide knowledge of human nature, applied to every problem which presented itself, enabling him to foresee clearly many results to which others were blind or indifferent. As was natural for a man of such strong character, he exerted considerable in- fluence in his section, and he was respected wherever his name was known. Mr. Slokom was chiefly in- strumental, in 1882, in the organization of the Chris- tiana National Bank, of which he was elected presi- dent, and he held that position until his death. For over twenty years he was a director in the Lancaster County Mutual Insurance Co., of which he served as president a number of years prior to his decease. Mr. Slokom acted as justice of the peace fifteen years, and was county commissioner one term. In 1855 he lacked but one vote of receiving the nomina- tion of his party for the State Senate. His political affiliation was originally with the Democratic party, but he voted for Fremont, and from that time was an active worker in the Republican party. On Tan. 4, 1837, Samuel Slokom married Mary Walker, who was born April 6, 1806, in Sadsbury township, daughter of Isaac and Deborah Walker, and they had four children who grew to maturity, Susan, Dora D., Isaac W. and Mary R. Susan is the wife of Thomas J. Houston. Dora D. married William H. Sproul, and thev have two children, Samuel E. and William C. Isaac W. is mentioned below. Mary R. is the wife of James Sproul, and they have three children, Dora, Anna and Mary. Mrs. Mary Slokom died in 1892, and she and her husband are buried in the old cemetery of the So- ciety of Friends, in Sadsbury township. Both were Friends in religious connection, Mr. Slokom join- ing the Society in 1844. Isaac W. Slokom was born June 26, 1841, in Sadsbury township, and attended the district schools until he was eight years of age, after which he went to school m Christiana. He was also a student in the Christiana high school and at the Millersville Academy, from which he was graduated in 1862. Following this he read law for a year with Judge Livingston, and on leaving his office entered the Chester Valley Bank, as teller, remaining there until he entered the army for service in the Civil war, in 1863. He was clerk at Gen. Sheridan's headquarters to the close of the Rebellion, and after his return home served one year as deputy county treasurer. His next position was in the Mechanics Bank of Lancaster, where he was paying teller for two years, and for the two years following this con- nection he was chief clerk and assistant superintend- ent of the Lancaster Mfg. Co., which conducted what is now known as the Penn Rolling Mills. He was then internal revenue collector for a year and a half, at the expiration of which time he went to Washington, D. C, to take a position in the Treas- ury Department, where he was a clerk for two years. From this time until 1889 Mr. Slokom acted as cashier of the National Bank of Christiana, in the latter year succeeding his father in the presidency of that institution, which he has ever since retained, so managing the business that it has been successful far beyond the expectations of its founders. He , has also been president of the Christiana Water Co., since its organization, in which he was one of the prime movers. He was also instrumental in the for- mation of the Christiana Building & Loan Associa- tion, in 1890, and has been one of the directors from that time to tlie present. Mr. Slokom was the first burgess of Christiana borough, resigning that office after three years' ser- vice. He served another year after the death of his successor in that incumbency, but resigned again, and he has steadfastly refused all offers of official honors since, though it is not saying too much to assert that he could have any office in the gift of his fellow townsmen. He is popular in the Repub- lican party, and popular in his locality irrespective of party, and the nomination to such high position as representative in Congress has been urged upon him, but he has so far resisted all the efforts of his friends and enthusiastic townsmen to get him to assume public duties. His business affairs occupy a large share of his time, and though he began life under very favorable circumstances he has made good use of all his talents, has worked as industri- ously as any man in his community, and has man- aged his affairs so ably as to materially increase his heritage. His property holdings in Christiana and Sadsbury township are extensive, and well looked after. Mr. Slokom needs no higher praise than the simple statement that he is a worthy successor to his father, whose standing in Lancaster county, both as a business man and as a citizen generally, is too well known to need remark here. In February, 1867, Mr. Slokom was married, in Winchester, Va., to Laura V. Shyrock, and two chil- dren cam.e to this union, Samuel and Charles S., both of whom are in the Christiana National Bank, the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 723 former as cashier, the latter as teller. Samuel mar- ried Anna Gibney, of Chester county, Pa., and they have two children, Samuel and Virginia. Charles is unmarried, and lives with his parents. Mrs. Slokom was born in Newtown, Frederick Co., Va., daughter of Col. Charles E. and Martha Shyrock, who still live in that State. Col. Shyrock was a large land owner before the Civil war, which all but broke down his fortunes, and he was a prominent man in his section during his active years. He served as a colonel in the Confederate army during the Civil war. Mrs. Slokom's paternal great-grand- father was a colonel under Washington during the Revolution, and her maternal great-grandfather was also an officer under that leader in the same struggle. Mr. Slokom is a member of the Society of Friends, to which his wife and sons also belong. JOSEPH K. BRENEMAN, a well-known farm- er of Manor township, residing two and a half miles south of Millersville, where he owns fifty-three acres of what was formerly known as the old Stehman farm, was born Sept. 30, 1845, on the Breneman homestead, of which full mention is made in the Breneman Family sketch, to be found elsewhere. Joseph K. Breneman was reared to farming on the parental homestead, southeast of Creswell, and was educated in the common schools of his district. At the age of twenty-five years he started in busi- ness for himself by cultivating the home place for two years, and he then moved upon Reuben Garber's farm, where he conducted general farming for twen- ty years. In 1891, Joseph K. purchased his present Iiome, and in 1892 took possession, making many valuable improvements and now owning one of the best farms of its dimensions in the township, if not the county. In 1869 Joseph K. Breneman first married Mary Eshleman, daughter of Martin Eshleman, and to this marriage were born four children, viz: Elizabeth and Annie, deceased; Christian, at home; and Ella, wife of John Hoover, of Manor township. Mrs. Mary (Eshleman) Breneman passed away in 1880, and in 1882 Joseph K. Breneman m.arried Miss Fan- nie M. Neff , daughter of Jacob Neff, and this union has been blessed with three children, namely: Emma and Phares, deceased ; and Amanda, at home. Mr. and Mrs. Breneman are Mennonites in religion, and are classed among the county's most worthy citi- zens. JACOB C. KREITER, a progressive farmer of Warwick township, residing one mile from Lititz, comes of a family which has long been prominent among the agricultural citizens of Lancaster county. Christian Kreiter, his grandfather, was born Jan. 3, 1789, and lived and died in Lancaster county, pass- ing away Jan. i, 1874. He was a farmer for the greater part of his life, but at one time was inter- ested in a brewery at Lititz. He belonged to the Old Whig party and served as a school director for some time. He married Catharine. Behmer, and they be- carhe the parents of one child, Solomon, who was the father of our subject. Solomon. Kreiter was born April 16, 1827, near where our subject now resides. He, too, was a farmer, and followed that Calling until his death, which occurred May 8, 1863. He was baptized in the Moravian Church, but eventually joined the Lutheran Church. Mr. Kreiter married Maria Grossman, and they were the parents of eight chil- dren, two of whom died in childhood ; Jacob C. is our subject; John S. is a physician in Akron, Pa.; James E. died in 1885 ; David H. and Henry D. are twins, the former living in Fairland, the latter in Ephrata, this county ; and Martha M. is the wife of Levi H. Wissler. Jacob C. Kreiter was born May 20, 1849, in Warwick township, on the farm of which he now owns a part, and where he resides. His father died when he was a mere lad of fourteen years, and he re- mained at home with his mother until he was twenty- three years old, receiving his education in the com- mon schools of the county, with one term in the State Normal at Millersville, and two in the Lititz Acad- emy. He then began life for himself at farming on the place adjoining the one whereon he now lives. Pie purchased his home place in 1879, ^^'^ is one of the respected citizens of Lancaster county, broad- gauged, public-spirited and fully alive to all the needs of his community. In politics he is a stanch Republican, and he has held the office of assessor since 1891. On Nov. 14, 1872, Mr. Kreiter wedded Miss Mary A. Brunner, who was born Dec. 12, 1853, daughter of Peter and Susan Brunner. To this union came one child that died in infancy. DAVID W. KURTZ (deceased). Reverence for the memory of departed loved ones is .an in- stinctive attribute of human nature, and it is often intensified with the lapse of time. Ai the contem- plative mind in its hours of solitary retrospection throws back the portals of memory on their resting hinges, and peers into the caverns where lurk the recollections of former relations, friends and associ- ates, a brighter and more hallowed light seems to enshroud the objects of the mental vision and to give to them a coloring before unnoticed, or at least but dimly seen, and through which new characteristics, so to speak, become perceptible and add to the mel- ancholy interest felt for the departed loved one, un- availing though that interest may be; practically such, however, are the conditions that pervade the recollection of the late David W. Kurtz. David W. Kurtz was born Feb. 5, 1830, on the farm still occupied by his widow and surviving child in Salisbury township, and died on the same farm in October, 1884, his i-emains being interred in the United Evangelical Church cemetery. His parents, Christian and Anna (Weaver) Kurtz, were also na- tives of Lancaster count", where Christian was all 724 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY his life a farmer, and where his remains after death were buried in a private cemetery beside those of his wife,- both having been devout members of the Mennonite Church. They were the parents of seven children, born in the following order, but all now de- ceased, including the youngest, David W., himself. To- wit : Maria, who was married to Moses Sharp ; Susannah, married to Moses Eby; Jonathan, who married Prudence Good ; Elizabeth, married to Peter Eby; Joseph, who died in young manhood; Lydia, who was married to Christopher Umble ; and David W., whose name is mentioned above. In January, 1853, David W. Kurtz was married at the parsonage in Salisbury — the ceremony being performed by the late Rev. John Wallace — to Miss Maria Hurst, a most amiable young lady, who was born June 5, 1829, in Leacock township, a daughter of Henry and Mary (Varnes) Hurst. To this union were born two children, namely: Harry H., who married Sallie Hamilton, had two children, Guy (deceased) and Alta M., and is now living re- tired with his mother, Mrs. David W. Kurtz ; Laura E., who married Luther Mentzer, a farmer in Salisbury township, and has had five children, viz: Herbert, Helen (deceased)", Luella, Ruth and Guy. Henry Hurst, father of Mrs. David W. Kurtz, was a native of Leacock township, was a farmer by vocation, and a prominent and well-known citizen. His death occurred Jan. 5, 1856, at the age of sixty- two years and ten months, and that of his wife in June, 1848, when forty-two years old — the latter being of German parentage. The remains of this honored couple were buried in a private cemetery in Leacock township, the mother having been a pious and consistent member of the German Re- formed Church, while the father, although not a member, was a constant attendant at the same, and a liberal contributor to its support. To the marriage of Henry and Mary (Varnes) Hurst) there were born seven children in the following order: Mar- tin, who died young; John, who married Julia Dor- sey, and lived to be seventy-two ; Hannah, who was married to David Brisben, and died at twenty-eight ; Henry, who died young; Maria, now Mrs. David W. Kurtz; Rebecca and Susan, who died young. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Kurtz were John and Annie Hurst, of whom more may be learned by reference to the biographical sketch of M. S. Hurst, of Leacock township. The late David W. Kurtz was all his life a farmer, and passed his entire life on the.i33-acre homestead on which his birth' took place, and which came to him by inheritance. While his wife was and is an earnest member of the United Evangelical Church, Mr. Kurtz could never be induced to join, but he was, nevertheless, a sincere Christian and a constant attendant at the services of the congrega- tion. He freely contributed financially toward the maintenance of this, as well as other religious bod- ies, and to the very deserving work of charity that was brought to his notice. In promoting works de- signed for the convenience, comfort and happiness of the public he was ever foremost, often taking the initiative in such measures and aiding them prompt- ly with his capital. He was also prompt and reli- able in all business transactions, and was quiet and domestic in his home relations. He possessed a handsome competence, which has passed into the hands of his widow, who is making such use of it as she feels would have pleased her late husband. Mr. Kurtz was a truly beloved and honored citizen, whose acquaintance extended all over the township and into the adjacent country, where his pleasant ways and cheerful countenance are still cherished in the memory of his former associates. M. G. SCHAEFFER, a proiTiinent member of the Lancaster Bar, is a son of Martin Schaeffer, of Bareville, whose sketch and ancestry will be found elsewhere among these annals. Mr. Schaeffer was born in Earl township July 30, 1868, and- after studying in the schools of the district, went to Muhlenberg College, from which he was graduated in 1890. After his graduation, he entered the law office of the late Judge Brubaker, and was admitted to practice in the courts of Lan- caster county, in November, 1893. Two years later he was admitted to the Supreme Court, and now practices in that court as well as the. local courts, the Superior Court, and the United States District Court. During the three years' term of office of District Attorney W. T. Brown, Mr. Schaeffer acted as assistant district attorney, proving a most pains- taking, efficient and popular official. An ardent Re- publican, he has been a local campaign orator since 1891, doing most effective service for his party's cause. He was slated by the Republican State Cen- tral Committee for State campaigning, but never took up the work, preferring the local field. On May 6, 1895, Mr. Schaeffer was married to Miss Anna M. Light, daughter of Bishop H. E. Light, of Mountville, a well-known clergyman of the German Baptist Brethren. Two children have been born of this union: Elizabeth Dorothy and Anna Martha. Mr. Schaeffer's law offices are at No. 13, North Duke street, and his home is at No. 137 PZast James street, in the city of Lancaster. As one of the younger members of the Lancaster Bar, Mr. Schaeff'er has been very successful, enjoying the absolute confidence of a large clientage, and we be- speak for him continued success, and a constantly increasing practice in his chosen profession, as the well merited fruits of industry and close attention to business. JACOB EABY. The general farming inter- ests of Salisbury township, Lancaster county, have a fitting representative in the person of Jacob Eaby, an ex-soldier who although in but the prime of life has attained prominence in the pursuit of agricul- ture and has secured for himself a competency. He BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 725 was born May i8, 1846, in Intercourse, Leacock township, a son of Moses and Susannah (Kurtz) Eaby, the former of whom had been a merchant in that village for forty years. Jacob Eaby passed his boyhood days in aiding his father in his business and in attending school until a little over seventeen years old, when, seeing that the slavery propagandists of the South were de- termined to disrupt the Union rather than see their pet institution perish for want of new territory in -which to nourish it, he enlisted, March 24, 1864, for three years, as a defender of the integrity of the States, provided the war was not sooner brought to a close. He was assigned to Co. C, Lieut. Cyrus L. Eckert, 79th P. V. I., and although he had a part in ■several skirmishes did not have an opportunity of being engaged in a regular battle, and was honorably discharged, unhurt, at Alexandria, Va., July 12, 1865, about three months after the close of the war. On returning from the army Mr. Eaby re-entered his father's store, where he remained three years ; he then went to Kansas and entered 160 acres of land which, four months later, he abandoned. He then returned to his old home in Leacock township, Lan- caster county, worked three years among the farm- ers, added to his savings and purchased his present home of fifty acres. At Lancaster, Oct. 10, 1871,- Mr. Eaby married Miss Lucie E. Murr, the accom- plished daughter of Isaac and Anna (Glouner) Murr, of East' Earl township, but her own birth took place in Leacock township March 31, 1854. Isaac Murr was a blacksinith by trade, was greatly re- spected in his community during his long and use- ful life, and died. March 27, 1898, at the age of sev- «nt3'-two years ; his wife died in 1865, when she was but forty-two years old. The remains of both were interred in Roland's Church cemetery, in Earl town- ship. To Mr. and Mrs. Murr were born five chil- dren, namely: Lucie E., now Mrs. Eaby; Joseph, ■a blacksmith, in Leacock township; Maria, wife of Harry Grover, a milk dealer at Long Branch, N. J. ; Anna, wife of Newton Hoar ; and Ida, married to Henry Hoar, a blacksinith at Intercourse, Lan- caster county. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Eaby was Jacob Murr, a farmer of Lancaster coun- ty, and the maternal grandparents were Jacob and Anna Glouner, natiyes of Lancaster county. Pa., and Germany, respectively. To the marriage of Jacob and Lucie E. (Murr) Eaby have been born a family of thirteen children, all with the exception of Isaac W. still living, viz: Moses, a farmer in South Hermitage, Salis- bury township, married to Anna Ayers, who has borne him four children ; Cora, wife of Frederick Heim, of Lancaster, is the mother of one child ; Miss Cecelia M. lives in Philadelphia; Anna M. married J. Willis Martin, a jeweler, and is living in Savan- nah, Ga. ; Miss Mary E. resides in Philadelphia ; Isaac W. died young ; David K. lives in Lancaster ; Grade M. ; Jason K. and A. Amanda are twins ; Susan C. ; and Samuel S. and Nellie B. are twins. The six last named are all at home. Mr. Eaby is an up-to-date agriculturist, and al- though his farm comprises but fifty acres it is one of the best tilled and most productive in the town- ship of Salisbury. He thoroughly understands his calling and has. always been industrious and thrifty. He is a genial, good-natured gentleman and counts his friends by the score, who all hold him in the high- est esteem and admire him for his personal merit and his upright walk through life. In politics Mr. Eaby is a Republican. JACOB C. SEITZ comes of an old Lancaster county family, his grandfather, John Seitz, with his wife, Annie Garber, having settled in Manor town- ship in early days. John Seitz was a hard working farmer ; he was the father of one son, named Jacob G., who in turn was the father of Jacob C. John had three brothers, Michael, Jacob and Henry. Jacob G. Seitz was born in 1814, and died in 1892. He cultivated a farm of three hundred acres, but ceased active work several years before his death. He was a man of progressive ideas, stimu- lated by natiye shrewdness and close observation, and was noted for his enlightened public spirit. No well-matured scheme for the general welfare was ever submitted to him without commanding his hearty approval and liberal support. In early life he was an Old Line Whig, but after the formation of the Republican party he affiliated with that or- ganization. His fellow citizens attested their con- fidence in his ability and integrity by elevating him to various positions of honor and trust. In educa- tional and sociological matters he cherished a deep interest. He served as prison inspector and as a member of the school board, and after the passage of the new State school law officially aided in carry- ing it into execution. He was a man of means, and for many years was a director in the First National Bank of Columbia. He married Barbara Charles, who died in her forty-first year. She was the mother of nine children : Anna, John, Jacob C, Charles, Amos, Barbara, Elizabeth, Christian and Henry. The two last named died in early child- hood. Anna married Henry W. Mann, of Manor. John is a resident of Mountville, as are also Charles and Barbara and Amos, none of whom are married. Elizabeth is the wife of Jacob R. Myers, of Manor township. Jacob C. Seitz was born in Manor Oct. 30, 1836. At the age of twenty-three years he began farming on his own land, and is today one of Lancaster coun- ty's most successful agriculturists, owning 123 acres of choice, highly cultivated land, within a mile of Mountville. Like his father, he is a man of broad, advanced views on all questions of public import, and like him he has made his influence felt in the community at large. For nine years he served upon the school board, and he succeeded his father in the directorate of the First National Bank of Columbia. 726 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Genial and generous, with a heart lenient toward the failing of others, he is deservedly popular, number- ing his- friends by scores. He is an enthusiastic sportsman with both rod and gun, and his home is filled with trophies of his prowess. He is an expert taxidermist, and has himself mounted his specimens with his own hands. He is no less dextrous in wood- carving, and he exhibits to his friends numerous specimens of his skill in the form of walking sticks, embellished with figures symbolic of the achieve- ments of the sportsman in field and stream, executed with a boldness and delicacy which might well awaken envy in the breast of a professional artist. Mr. Seitz has been twice married. His first wife was Lucy Ann, a daughter of Joseph Stoner, to whom he was united in 1857. The issue of this mar- riage was two sons, Joseph and Clayton, both of whom are Manor township farmers. On Sept. 30, 1866, Mr. Seitz was married to Elizabeth, a daugh- ter of Benjamin K. Lehman; her mother, before marriage, was Elizabeth Newcomer. One daughter has been born to them : Mary E. L., who graduated from the State Normal School, at Millersville in 1899, and lives with her parents. Her first actual experience as a teacher was during_ the winter of 1899-1900. Mrs. Seitz is a member of the Mennon- ite Church. BENJAMIN W. HERSHEY, who entered into rest Feb. 3, 1902, aged forty-nine years, four months and twenty-two days, was a contractor and builder of Landisville, Pa., and was one of the leading citi- zens of Lancaster county. He was born on a farm in West tiempfield township, this county, Sept. 11, 1852, son of John N. and Mary (Witmeyer) Her- shey, both of whom were natives of Lancaster county. John Hershey, Sr., his grandfather, married Mary Nolt, and they reared a large family. Mr. Hershey was not an industrious farmer, preferring the pleasures of hunting and kindred sports, but hav- ing inherited a large fortune, it was not a necessity for him to till the soil. John N. Hershey, son of John, Sr., and father of Benjamin W., was born on' the farm near Silver Springs, in West Hempfield township, where he re- mained for twenty-one years, removing then to the Hoffman Flershey farm in West Hempfield town- ship, where he lived six years. He then came to his farm of eighteen acres in East Hempfield town- ship, .within one mile of the village of Landisville, and here he lived until his death, in 1883, at the age of sixty-five years, his birth having been in 18 18. John Hershey was married to Mary Witmeyer, and she still resides in the village of Landisville. They had a family of thirteen children, and Benjamin W. was the third in order of birth. Benjamin W. Hershey acquired his education in the public schools, and remained at home until the age of twenty-three years, beginning then a trade in which he afterward attained such marked success. For two years after finishing his apprenticeship to the carpenter trade he worked as a journeyman, and then, at his father's request, returned home, renting what was known as the John Hess farm. This he operated in connection with his trade, and by his industry and energy became the owner of consider- able property, and reared a family of seven children in comfort, giving them educational advantages, and at his death he was considered one of the substantial citizens of the county. Mr., Hershey owned his residence tract near Landisville, and also'a valuable building lot in Rohr- erstown. He assisted in the erection of many of the most substantial and imposing buildings in the beau- tiful city of Lancaster, his work being seen in the Western Market house, also in Rohrerstown; the Mennonite Church and the school building, while a great number of the commodious and convenient barns which make Lancaster county known to the tourist as a prosperous agricultural section were erected by his skill and mechanical knowledge. Mr. Hershey was one of the examples of capable indus- try who are always found where prosperity reigns,, for when the winter settled down, and both farming and carpenter work were at a stand-still, he assisted his farmer neighbors in their butchering, this being a very important branch of agricultural industry. Few men in this locality displayed more energy or industry than did Mr. Hershey, and few men were more thoroughly esteemed. Mr. Hershey was a de- voted and consistent member of the German Baptist Church, and in 1899 he was ordained a deacon, an honor which was well deserved,' as he was a sincere and conscientious man. On Dec. 5, 1878, Mr. Hershey was married to Miss Emma Dietrich, and a famih' of seven chil- dren were born to this union: Dora, who is a teacher in the public schools ; Milton, a brakeman ; Samuel, a clerk in a store; Franklin, Emma, Mary andjohn, at home. Mrs. Hershey was born on the old Andrew Kauffman farm near Landisville Dec. 17, i860, a daughter of Samuel H. and Mary (Stew- art) Dietrich, the former of whom is still surviving at the age of seventy-six years, in Bamford, the mother having died Jan. 12, 1898, at the age of sixty- six years, two months and twenty-six days. She was a most worthy member of the German Baptist Church, a devoted mother, excellent wife and kind neighbor. Mr. Dietrich is a consistent member of the Lutheran Church. GEORGE L. BUCKWALTER. Prominent among the leading citizens of East Lampeter town- ship is George L. Buckwalter, a popular and pro- .gressive member of an old and honored family of the county. Although now living a retired life, he formerly was well and favorably known through this locality as a successful stockdealer, and an excellent man of business. George L. Buckwalter was born on the farm of which he is the present owner, located in East Lam- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 727 peter township, on the Williamstown pike road, lo- cally known as the old Philadelphia road. His par- ents were Martin and Ann (Lefever) Buckwalter, the former of whom was a son of John Buckwalter, Sr., and a brother of John Jr., and Eliza. One daughter of John Buckwalter, Sr., Susanna, de- ceased, married first Hugh Moore, and later became the wife of Tobias Leaman, who now lives retired at Millersville, with his son's widow ; and Elizabeth married Abram Leaman. The original title, in the Buckwalter family, to the lands now owned by George L., was held by grandfather John Buckwalter, who improved the property with out-buildings, and who also erected two stone dwellings, facing from opposite sides of the road, this location being formerly of some note, being famous under the name of "Running Pump Hotel," and the first proprietor of this comfortable hostelry was John Buckwalter, Sr., and at his death he was succeeded by his son, John. The children of Martin and Ann Buckwalter were: Maria, the widow of Christian Rohrer; Susan, deceased wife of Isaac Bushong; Sarah, the wife of Plenry Leaman ; Eliza, deceased wife of David Lefever ; Annie ; and. George L. The par- ents of this family were buried in the old Mellinger burying ground. They were good and consistent members of the German Reformed Church. George L. Buckwalter grew to manhood on the farm, with only common school advantages, and he has been a very successful agriculturist and has been identified with much of the progress of East Lamp- eter township. Politically he is a stanch Republi- can. In 1874 he wedded Eliza E. Esbenshade, whose death occurred in 1878. For his second wife he married Miss Fanny Herr, fifth child of John and Fanny (Kreider) Herr, both of whom were of the Reformed Mennonite faith. They now rest in the old Longenecker cemetery. The brothers and sisters of Mrs. Buckwalter were: Christian K. died uninarried in 1855, at the age of twenty-two; Abraham K. married Serena Diller, and died in 1896, at the age of sixty-two years; Anna, who died March 21, 1886, aged forty- eight years, was the wife of Franklin Bowman, and left one daughter, Annetta H., a charming and ac- complished woman ; Amos K. married Lizzie Kohr, daughter of John Kohr, and has one son, John K. ; and Sue A. married Dr. B. F. Herr, of Millersville, and has one daughter, Fannie M. WITMER. The name of Witmer has long been known and respected in Lancaster county. David Witmer passed a long and useful life there, leaving behind him the record of an exemplary life, as a minister in the Old Mennonite Church, as an ex- cellent and industrious farmer, kind neighbor and devoted care-taker of his family. For a number of years he officiated at the Mellinger meeting house, well known in his locality. He married Annie Rutt, and they became the parents of eleven children, all but two of these reaching maturity: Jacob, a re- tired farmer, lives in East Lampeter township; Abram was a farmer and tobacco dealer; David; Hettie is unmarried; Annie is the widow of Chris- tian Kendig ; Mary, deceased, was the wife of Eman- ual Herr; Elizabeth died unmarried; Barbara, de- ceased, the wife of Christian Frey ; and Benjamin R. Benjamin R. Witmer was born in East Lampeter township in 1838, and during a life that reached to 1888 he devoted his time to agricultural pursuits, be- coming one of the most successful farmers of this locality. His well-tilled fields and excellent improve^ ments testify to his thrift and good management. His most estimable wife was Mary Kreider, and ten children were born to them, two of whom died in infancy, the others attaining maturity and becoming, some of the most highly esteemed residents of this part of Lancaster county. These are: Annie K., the wife of Elias Myer ; John K., the farmer on the old homestead ; Mary K. ; Amos K., a farmer of East Lampeter township; Benjamin K., a farmer also of East Lampeter township ; David K., a farm- er of Leacock township ; Daniel G., a farmer of Lan- caster township; and Esther K., at home. Both parents were worthy members of the Old Mennon- ite Church, and no family in the township is held in higher esteem. AMOS A. WEAVER, one of the progressive and substantial farmer-citizens of Lancaster county, who owns and occupies the old family homestead in Strasburg township, was born March 9, 1852, a son of Henry K. and Christianna (Hoover) Weaver. Henry K. Weaver was born Sept. 7, 1823, in Juniata county. Pa. His father died when he was a small boy, and soon after this affliction the mother with four of her children moved into Lancaster coun- ty. After some residence in Providence township the mother married Tobias Kreider, and the chil- dren of her first marriage became scattered. These were : George ; Samuel, who married the daughter of Simon Groff : Catherine ; and Henry K., the fa- ther of the subject of this sketch. A man by the name of Yordy took Henry K. as an apprentice on his farm, and there he was reared and later learned the tailoring trade, with John Raub, in Martinsville, working at this for some eight years, and gave it up in order to give his attention to farming, which had always been a favorite occupation. In 1878 he bought a farm of seventy-nine acres of fine, valuable land, located three miles south of the borough of Strasburg, and here he spent the remainder of his days, his death occurring March 15, 1891. Through life he had been a consistent member of the Reformed Mennonite Church. On Oct. 16, 1845, he was mar- ried to Christianna Hoover, a daughter of Abraham Hoover, who was born in Strasburg township Oct. I, 1822, and died Aug. i, 1883, the mother of eleven children: Mary Emma, born in July, 1846, resides on the old homestead; Gideon, born in September, 1848, died in 1852 ; Ada, born in January, 1850, mar- 728 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ried John E. Lantz, of Strasburg township; Amos A., born in March, 1852 ; Hettie, born in November, 1853, married Jacob Weaver, a machinist ; Barbara, born in October, 1855, resides with her brother, on the old homestead; Milo H., born in September, 1857, is a farmer and stockraiser of Strasburg town- ship; Catherine Amanda, born in November, 1859, died in Februar)% 1878; John F., born in November, 1861, a miller by trade, resides in Providence town- ship; Samuel Albert, born in. April, 1863, is a resi- dent of Easton, Md., where he manages a creamery ; and Enos George, born in February, 1867, died in July, 1889. Amos A. Weaver, who resides upon the old homestead, has devoted the greater part of his life to farming interests, although he learned the black- smith trade, when younger. His line has been gen- eral farming, and since taking charge of the old place he has added land imtil he now owns ninety-two acres, and this he has improved until he possesses one of the best properties in the neighborhood. Both he and his sisters are devoted and consistent mem- bers of the Reformed Mennonite Church, where they are valued for their Christian life and char- acter. The family is one of the most highly re- spected in Strasburg township. ALBERT ROSENSTEIN, the senior member, of the well-known business corporation known as the Lancaster Silver Plate Company, manufacturers of umbrella, parasol and cane mounts and fine natural sticks, with a New York office at No. 89 Franklin street, is one of the leading and substantial citizens of Lancaster. Albert Rosenstein was born in Lancaster June 29, 1854, a son of Levi and Caroline (Strauss) Ros- enstein, the former a native of Hanover, Prussia, and the latter of the vicinity of Frankfort. Both came to Philadelphia in 1850, where they met and were married, and later located in Lancaster, where Mr. Rosenstein engaged in the grocery business for a period of forty years, living retired thereafter until his death, which occurred in February, 1897. His burial took place in Lancaster. Mr. Rosenstein was one of those careful, quiet, conservative business men, whose excellent methods and untiring industry invariably bring them success. His widow, now aged seventy-five years, is an esteemed resident of Lancaster. The children born to these most estima- ble people are among the most respected residents of Lancaster county : Albert is one of the propri- etors of the Lancaster Silver Plate Company ; Ros- alie married M. H. Marx; Miss Hattie conducts a millinery establishment in Lancaster; Morris is a cigar manufacturer of Lancaster; Emma married Isadore Goldberg, a cigar manufacturer and jobber, of Coatesvile, Pa. ; Isaac represents the Silver Plate Company in New York. Albert Rosenstein was educated in the public schools of Lancaster, attending up to the age of thir- teen years, when he went to New Yprk City, and there entered the employ of J. Rosenthal & Co., im- porters of fancy goods, with which firm he contin- ued until he was twenty years of age. Then he re- turned to Lancaster to engage in business for him- self, embarking first in a wholesale notion business, but soon changing to merchant tailoring, in which for five years he was a leader in Lancaster. Mr. Rosenstein attracted the very best and most critical custom of the city, and conducted the businejs until the present company was organized, when he sold his former establishment to Robert Pierce. In 1887, with a force of thirty hands, Mr. Rosen- stein, in partnership with M. W. Fraim, organized the I^ancaster Silver Plate Company, which has gradually increased in magnitude until employment is now given to 250 hands, and a New York office is necessary to handle the constantly increasing trade, which extends all over the United States and Europe. In 1894 occurred the death of Mr. Fraim, and Mr. Rosenstein continued alone until 1898, when he sold a half interest to H. Z. Rhoads, who is the other member of the present firm. Theirs is the largest umbrella, parasol and cane mounting establishment in the world, and they not only sell but purchase choice goods and raw materials in every land. In February, 1875, Mr. Rosenstein was united in marriage with Hannah Rosenthal, who was born in Philadelphia, a daughter of Jacob and Lefta (Et- tinger) Rosenthal, natives of Germany who came to America in 1845, ^''"i engaged in the manufacture of clothing in Philadelphia, Mr. Rosenthal becom- ing one of the largest manufacturers of his day. He died in 1887, aged seventy years ; he had been retired from business for some time. His widow survived until 1892, dying at the age of sixty-eight. To Mr. and Mrs. Rosenstein have been borji three children, namely : Edwin I., who is in his father's employ; Florence, who married Isadore Rosenthal, Esq., an attorney of Lancaster ; and Miss Helene, at home. Mr. Rosenstein is of a social tem- perament, genial and ' affable, and is identified with the following fraternities : K. of P., I. O. O. F., I. O. B. B., Royal Arch. In politics he supports the Re- publican party. His religious membership is with the Temple Shairry Shomaim. Mr. Rosenstein lives a busy life, looking care- fully after his business interests, as befits one with so large a capital at stake, while his civic pride and social obligations also command much of his time and attention. In every way he ranks with the lead- ing citizens of Lancaster. EZRA PFAUTZ. When death removed Ezra Pfautz, at the early age of twenty-four years, there passed out of life one of the most honorable and es- teemed citizens of Warwick township, Lancaster county, a quiet, just and unassuming man, who lived a most estimable life in the discharge of his daily duties, leaving behind him a memory that will long be tenderly cherished. Ezra Pfautz was a son of John and Mary (Roy- ^^1-^^^^E.^ v/WZ^^:^^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 729 er) Pfautz, of Warwick township, the former one of the most prominent men of Lancaster county, and the latter connected with one of the old and honored families, both paternal and maternal names being known among the earliest settlers. John Pfautz, the grandfather, was of German origin, and became one of the wealthiest farmers of Lancaster county. He reared a most estimable fam- ily of children, these being : Daniel, Mary, Joel, John, Ephraim, Lydia, Leah and Annie, all of them being •consistent members of the German Baptist Church, and all of them haying now passed out of life. John Pfautz (2), son of John and father of Ezra, was the father of four children : Elias, Joseph and Ezra, deceased ; and John Jr., who lives in Elston- ville, Manheim township, where he is a thrifty farmer. Ezra Pfautz was born May 10, 1845, and died Jan. 21, 1870, in the flower of his youth, leaving be- hind him a devoted wife, Susanna (Rupp) Pfautz, whom he had married Nov. 7, 1867, and an infant ■daughter, Matilda, born March 25, 1869, she being now the representative of the sixth generation of the name in America. Thirteen years ago Mrs. Pfautz and her daugh- ter removed to Ephrata, buying at that time the valu- able property located at No. 32 West Main street, where they established themselves in handsome style. They are regarded as not only among the most substantial, but the most highly respected, among the residents of the borough. They are highly valued and consistent members of the Ger- man Reformed Church, at Ephrata, giving liberally to its support, and are interested in its benevolent and charitable enterprises. During life Ezra Pfautz was an honest, indus- trious and God-fearing man, a kind husband and father, and one of the best of neighbors and most excellent of citizens. Such men are an honor to a neighborhood, and at their death are deeply deplored. PRESTON E. HANNUM, who is postmaster at Christiana, where he has been engaged for many years as a cattle dealer, was born in 'Aston township, Delaware Co., Pa., Sept. 27, 1851, a son of William and Anna (Eyre) Hannum, both natives of Dela- ware coimty. WilHam Hannum was a son of Aaron and Sarah (Mercer) Hannum, farming people of Delaware county. He, too, was in his earlier life a farmer, but became a miller when he was about forty years old, making milling his occupation for the rest of his active life. He died in August, 1884, at the age of sixty-three. His widow, whose maiden name was Anna Eyre, survived until 1900, when she too passed away, at the ripe age of seventy-three years. Will- iam Hannum held various township offices, was jus- tice of the peace, and school director, and in his time a very active and public-spirited citizen. Both he and his wife were members of the Friends Associa- tion. To them were born the following children: Sally, who married Hayes Clark, a farmer of Chester county. Pa. ; Preston E., whose name appears at the opening of this article ; Belle W., a teacher in Bucks county ; Rebecca E., who married George Hoopes, a farmer in Chester county ; Harriet W., who married J. Edson Shallcross, a resident of Coatesville, Pa.; Frank M., in the lumber business at Christiana; Walter, in Chester county ; and George W., with our subject. On April 18, 1878, Preston E. Hannum was mar- ried, in Atglen, Chester Co., Pa., to Lottie E. Philips, by whom he has had the following children : John P. ; Sarah and Anna, who are dead ; William ; and Caro- line B. Mrs. Lottie E. (Philips) Hannum was born in Atglen, a daughter of John M. and Sarah (Jones) Philips, both natives of Chester county. Her fa- ther, who was a farmer, died in Chester county, and her mother, born July 28, 1819, died July 19, 1902. Mr. Hannum remained on his father's farm until he was thirteen years old, when he entered the mill, and learned the milling trade under the parfental care and direction. He was engaged in the opera- tion of the mill until 1884, when he sold it, and turn- ing his attention to the cattle business, soon built up a very good trade. He was appointed postmaster June I, 1897, and by his genial disposition, business abilities and accommodating disposition he has made a host of friends since his accession to the postmas- tership. Mr. Hannum has been school director for thirteen years, and clerk of the borough since its incorporation. For the past ten years he has been on the County committee. In politics he is a Repub- lican, and in religion a member of the Baptist Church. His standing in the community in every way is beyond question, and he is numbered among the leading citizens of Christiana. JACOB PICKEL, one of the successful and rep- resentative farmers and dairymen of Sadsbury town- ship, was born in Bart township, this county, Sept. 1, 1845, son of Leonard and Mary E. (Miller) Pickel, natives of Bart and Pequea townships. Leonard Pickel was a man well and favorably known in this county, and was equally at home in the trades of farmer, cooper, carpenter and horse dealer. His business connections were extensive, and it was while he was attending to some large transaction in Ogden, LTtah, in 1881, that he died, at the age of sixty-five years. The mother survived until Sept. 2, 1895, dying at the age of seventy-two years. For many years Leonard Pickel was a prominent man in Lancaster county, was poor director and county commissioner for some years. The children born to Leonard Pickel and wife were: Ross M., who died at the age of sixty years ; Ephraim, who is a farmer and carpenter, in Paradise township ; Jacob ; Samuel G., a farmer of Sadsbury township ; ElUs, a grocery merchant of Lancaster : Saminah, deceased, who married James Martin ; Elizabeth E., who mar- ried Jonathan Hoke, of Illinois ; and Flora, who mar- ried Ray Reed; a bookkeeper, in Lancaster. 7S0 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Until his marriage. Jacob Pickel remained with his parents, assisting his father in his various lines of business. The seventeen months succeeding his marriage were employed in the smelting furnace in Paradise township, and then he accepted the man- agement of a farm of 218 acres, in Salisbury town- ship, for Joseph Warton, and continued with him, as his reliable and efficient superintendent, for a period of thirty years. In 1899 he moved to his present well-cultivated and valuable farm, purchasing the same from Samuel Fogle. Here Mr. Pickel has made many valuable improvements, and now owns one of the best farms in this locality. In February, 1869, in the Presbyterian parson- age, in Bart township, Jacob Pickel married Mary E. Smith, and the children born to this union are: Esther M., who graduated from Millersville State Normal School in 1892, married William P. Hoar, a lumber merchant of California ; Leonard C, who married Cora Wise, daughter of Jacob Wise, has one child, and is a farmer in Chester county; Mary F., who married William Virtue, a farmer of Sads- bury township, has two children; Leeta M., is a music teacher, at home ; and Emma R. is at home. Mrs. Pickel was born in Paradise township July 6, 1848, a daughter of Stewart and Mary A. (Worth) Smith, both of Chester county. Shortly 'after their marriage they settled in Paradise town- ship, where they became farmers, and there he died in 1885, at the age of seventy-six years, her death also being in April, 1885, at the age of sixty-four years. Both were members of the Presbyterian Church, and both were buried in the cemetery at Octoraro. Their children were : Susannah, the widow of Jesse Pickel, of Chester county; Hester, the widow of Lewis Pickel, of Sadsbury township ; Emma, who married Miller Mendenhall, of Bart township ; Rob- ert, of Sadsbury township ; Miller, deceased ; Phoebe, who married Aaron Harnish, of Chester county; Joseph, of Philadelphia: and Mary E., Mrs. Jacob Pickel. Mr. Pickel is a leading member of the M. E. Church in this locality, and has long been promi- nently identified with the Republican party. His upright dealing and kind neighborliness have made him many friends in the township, and he is much respected. DAVID HUBER. In its farming community is found the bone and sinew of a State's prosperity. Questionable is it if any other profession is so well represented in the legislative bodies of the State, and her prominence in the Union is gauged not by her population, but by the value of her agricultural prod- ucts. In Lancaster county are located a number of old and wealthy agricultural families who have for many years done worthy service in placing their sec- tion favorably before the country, and among these is the Huber family, well and favorably known all through the countv. Henry Huber, the grandfather of David Huber, of whom this biography is written, was reared on Beaver Creek, south of Strasburg, where he owned and operated a large property. He spent his whole life there, engaged in its improvement. His wife was Ann Plerr, a granddaughter of Rev. Christian Herr, who came from Switzerland in 1709, with his father, Hans Herr. Henry and Ann (Herr) Huber had a family of nine children : Henry, John, David, Christian, Jacob, Abraham, Fannie (who married John Rush), Ann (who married Jacob Herr), and Maria (who died single). The mother of this fam- ily lived a long and eventful life, her birth taking place far back in the i8th century, and her experi- ences being those of early pioneer days. For seventy years she was a devout member of the Mennonite Church, and was noted for her Christian piety. At the age of ninety-two she passed away, leaving be- hind her an example worthy to be emulated by her descendants, Henry Huber, the eldest child of this family, was born near Strasburg in 1773, and his death occurred in 184.9. Early in his business life he engaged in tcammg, his route being between Wilmington and Philadelphia to other points of more or less dis- tance, as at that time the most of the transportation had to be accomplished in this way, but previous to his marriage he located on a farm in Lampeter town- ship, consisting of 120 acres, which belonged to his mother. There he made many valuable improve- ments in the way of fences, planting of orchards, draining and the erection of commodious and suita- ble buildings, and as this property later came into his possession, he remained upon it until his removal to the fine estate now owned by David Huber, this location taking place in 1822. This fine property was originally owned by Hans Herr, and descended in line to the son. Rev. Christian Herr, and ever since has been in the family, with the exception of a few years, when it was owned by the Withers family. The father of David Huber purchased and restored it to the family. Henry Huber lived upon this place until the time of his decease, a quiet, domestic man, at peace with his neighbors, and a worthy member of the Mennonite Church. Henry Huber married Veronica Buckwalter, of near Muddy Creek, Lancaster county, and her life extended over seventy-six years, filled with good deeds. She was also a consistent member of the Mennonite Church. Eight children were born to this worthy couple: Mary, deceased, married Da- vid Hess, a deacon in the Mennonite Church ; Susan, deceased, married Peter Huber ; Christian became an extensive farmer on the place in West Lampeter township, on which his father had settled, and is now deceased; Ann, deceased, married Nathaniel Harnish; Fannie, deceased, married Jonathan, Stauffer; Elizabeth, deceased, married first John Harnish, and second, Adam Gochnauer ; Martha, deceased, married Samuel Burkholder ; and David. David Huber was born Sept. 4, 1822, and was reared on the farm which he now occupies, receiving BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 731 his education in the public schools of his locality. As his father was the owner of large properties, young Huber found sufficient work to engage his atten- tion as soon as he had finished his school days, and in the course of time came into possession of the home farm of seventy-five acres, which he has managed, since proving himself to be one of the successful ag- riculturists of the county. In connection with this estate, David Huber also owns other valuable prop- erty, both in this county and in some of the Western States. A man of recognized probity, he has been entrusted with the management of many estates and has administered them with judgment and justice. By the rectitude of his life he has won the confidence and esteem of all, being called upon to identify him- self with some of the most important public interests of the place. For many years he was a business leader, for twenty years was a director in the Lan- caster County Bank, in which he is also a stockholder, and was one of the promoters of the Southern Market House. David Huber has twice married, his first wife having been Elizabeth Good, a daughter of Christian Good, of Pequea township, and three children were born of this union : Frank, who is an extensive farm- er and stockraiser in Missouri, located twenty miles south of Kansas City, near Belton, in Cass county ; Catherine, who married Amos Good, of West Lam- peter township ; and one that died in infancy. The mother of these children died in 1848. The second marriage of David Huber was to Maria McCartney, a daughter of John McCartney, of Pequea township, and to this union four children were born : Amos, an extensive farmer of Cass county. Mo. ; John, who resides at home, engaged in the tobacco packing business, and who is one of the directors in the Southern Market Plouse of Lancaster city; Mary, who married Martin Hess, of Pequea township ; and David H.. a farmer of West Lampeter township, and a member of the school board. For many years Da- vid Huber has been a member of the Mennonite Church, and is one of its most esteemed and consist- ent attendants. Although advanced in years, he is still possessed of much of the keen business ability of youth, and is quite capable of attending to the business which his large property entails. The fam- ily is one of honor and respectability in Lancaster countv. 1 JAMES P. MARSI-T, a general metchant and highly esteemed citizen of Gap, Pa., was born in this town Oct. 22, 1846, son of Jehu and Rosanna Marsh, more extended notice of the family being found else- where. Mr. Marsh was reared in his native village and acquired his education in the district schools. He early manifested an inclination for a business life and began his successful career in the capacity of clerk in the employ of Coates & Thomas Marsh. In 1869 he went to Smyrna, in Sadsbury township, where he was engaged in clerking, when he was ap- pointed postmaster by President Johnson. In 1873 he left Smyrna and spent one year as a farmer in Sadsbury township, and then became traveling rep- resentative for R. J. Houston. On year later he re- turned to his clerical work, in the employ of the Nickel Mine store, which was then under the man- agement of Hon. Milton Heidelbaugh, in which sit- uation he continued for three years. He then was engaged on the mine farm for a period of eight months, when he took charge of Esquire Frees' store which was located in Georgetown, Pa. In 1878 after this varied experience, Mr. Marsh returned to Gap, and in partnership with his father, engaged in a gen- eral mercaBtile business, and since the death of his father has operated it alone. Since assuming sole charge of this business, Mr. Marsh has enlarged its original scope and propor- tions fully one-half, and now carries a large and varied stock, second to none in quantity or quality, in this locality. Under the first administration of President Cleveland, Mr. Marsh was postmaster at Gap, having been a stanch Democrat at that time. With many others of his political faith, he changed his views when Bryan was the nominee for President, and cast his vote for the late President McKinley. For a long period Mr. Marsh was a leading mem- ber" of the Old Democracy in this locality, and very often was sent as a delegate to the county and State conventions. Mr. Marsh is a liberal supporter of the Methodist Church, to which his whole family be- longs, and he is a leader in all public movements look- ing to the advancement of his town. Mr. Mar.sh was married (first) in 1871, in Sads- bury township, to Miss Julia Rockey, and two daugh- ters, Anna and Ida, born to this union, both died in infancy. Julia (Rockey) Marsh was born in Sads- bury township, a daughter of Leonard Rockey, a farmer in the township, and she died in 1875, at the age of twenty-five. The second marriage of Mr. Marsh occurred Sept. 5, 1876, in Bart township, when Miss Sally J. Johnson became his wife. She was born near Oxford, Chester county, Aug. 3, 1854, daughter of William and Mary (Speakman) John- son, the former of whom was a wheelwright by trade and a resident of Chester county all his life; there he died Feb. 20. 1897, at the age of sixty-four years. The death of the mother of Mrs. Marsh oc- curred in 1893, when she was aged sixty-two years, and both "parents were interred in the cemetery con- nected with the Union Methodist Church at Notting- ham, of which they were members. Their children were as follows : Rev. Charles B., who is a minis- ter located at Strasburg; Mary A., who married Frank Thompson, a farmer near Des Moines, Iowa; William B., who resides at Andrews Bridge, in Lan- caster county; Flarry, who is the foreman of the Pullman Car shops at Wilmington, Del. ; Harvey, who is a carpenter in Philadelphia ; and Frank, who is a carpenter in Strasburg; Mrs. Marsh being the second of the family. Her paternal grandparents were James and Jane (Alexander) Johnson, natives 732 BIOGRAPHICAI. ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY of England who came to America and lived out their lives in Chester county, engaged in farming. The maternal grandparents were Joshua B. and Sarah (Mahlan) Speakman, who were English Quakers who settled for life in Chester county. The family born to Mr. and Mrs. Marsh have all been spared to them, and are as follows : Alice F., who acceptably taught school for one year, and is now in her father's store ; Mary A., who has graduated with high honors at Millersville, and has been a successful teacher for the past four years ; and Mabel E., James G. C, Frances F. and Sarah H., all remaining at home. So- cially the family is prominent, and all number a wide circle of friends. HENRY C. MILLER, of Rohrerstown, is one of the leading business men of his section of Lan- caster county. He was born March 2, 1850, in East Hempfield township, this county, son of An- drew Miller, and grandson of Henry Miller. Henry Miller was a land owner in Lancaster county, where he was born and where he spent his entire life. He was a devout member of the Men- nonite Church, and all who knew him respected him for the faith which he so earnestly upheld. He mar- ried a Miss Shenck, and to them were born six chil- dren: Andrew, Henry, John, Jacob, Adeline 'and Anna. The last named married Philip Hottenstein, now deceased. Andrew Miller was born in East Hempfield township in 18 12, and received a practical education in the public schools. Like his father, he followed agricultural pursuits, owning a valuable tract of 200 acres. In politics he was a Republican after the formation of that party, and loyal to its principles, but he never sought office, content to use his influ- ence in a quiet way. Mr. Miller married Susan Greider, daughter of Jacob Greider, a farmer of East Hempfield township, and to this union came sev- en children, as follows : Elizabeth, Phares, Adeline, Clara, Annie, Andrew and Henry C. The father died March 28, 1861, and was followed to the better land by his good wife in July, 1892, when she was in her sixty-sixth year. Mrs. Miller was also a mem- ber of the Mennonite Church. Henry C. Miller was reared on his father's farm, where he received a thorough training to agricul- tural work in all its branches. During his boyhood he attended the local school. On starting out for himself he engaged in farming, carrying on a good sized place until 1885, when he purchased a gristmill in the township. In 1890 he took up the business of a coal and feed merchant, succeeding Jacob Mauk in this line. Mr. Miller still continues in both enter- prises, having from the start met with success which exceeded his highest expectations. The business has doubled within the last ten years, and is, still on the increase. All this has been brought about by Mr. Miller's unfaltering desire to please his patrons, to deal honorably with all, and to retain the esteem of those with whom he is associated, whether in com- mercial or private life. His business interests have naturally received the greater share of his attention, but though he has given up the active work of farm- ing, he still owns forty-two acres of fine land. The busiest citizens of a commimity, those who come, in daily contact with every phase of its life, know best the public needs and are most concerned in the gen- eral progress. Mr. Miller is no exception to this, and he has ever taken a deep interest in the advance- ment of his town and county. Though not an ofiflce seeker, he has consented to serve as township audi- tor, which incumbency he has filled, it is scarcely necessary to say, satisfactorily, for the past ten years. In political opinion he is still a strong Re- publican. On Nov. 9, 1875, Mr. Miller was married to Miss Elenora I3inkley, daughter of William Bink- ley, of East Hempfield township, now deceased. This union has been blessed by one daughter, Alice B., who in 1898 became the wife of W. Scott Bush- ong; they have one child, Blanch. Mr. and Mrs. Bushong occupy a fine residence erected by Mr. Miller, with whom he is associated in business, as clerk and part owner. JOHN M. WADE presents in his own life an illustration of the value of natural intelligence, grit and honorable and persistent effort. John Wade, his father, was born in the North of Ireland, but came to the United States when a young man, landing in Philadelphia,, and eventually settling in Butler county, where he entered into the life of a farmer. John M. Wade was born July 20, 1861, and he acquired his education in the neighboring schools. When he was thirteen years of age he went to Parker City, in the oil regions, there securing employment with a furniture dealer and undertaker. At the age of seventeen he came back to Butler county, and at- tended the district school for two winters, and for a time he attended the North Washington Academy, later engaging as a teacher. He attended Curry University and Union Business College, Pittsburg, Pa., where he took two courses, and then engaged in teaching in Michigan. His schooling was finally completed at the Northern Indiana Normal School, Valparaiso, Indiana, sustaining himself by teaching and tutoring among the students there attending, until he could graduate. This occurred in 1884, and for five years after he was a teacher in a business college at Wilmington, Del. From there Mr. Wade went to Wilkesbarre, where he purchased a half inter- est in a business college, which he held for a year, and then selling it, located in Lebanon, where in July, 1895, he established the Pennsylvania Business Col- lege, and in June of the following year the College was removed to Lancaster, and located in the Eshle- man Law Building. At once the College sprang into prosperity, and its increased patronage demanded a more commodious location in the Frey Building, Nos. 7 and 5 East King street, whither it was re- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 733 moved in the early part of 1899. By the following spring the school demanded the use of the entire second, third and fourth floors of that great build- ing, and there, ending with July, 1900, one hundred and seventy-five young men and women were gradu- ated in the studies of bookkeeping, commercial law, stenography, and similar work usually done in a first-class college, in less than twelve months. This college practically never closes, but is in continuous session the entire year. Mr. Wade is. assisted in his work by his two brothers, William J. and Robert M. Wade, the first, a thorough teacher of all com- mercial branches, and the latter an expert in short- hand. In addition to the above, able assistants are engaged in each department. The yearly enrollment is about one thousand. The Pennsylvania Business College has proved a blessing, and hundreds of young men are prospering to-day through its instruc- tion. Mr. Wade is an active member of St. Andrews Reformed Church, where he serves as an elder. In all that he undertakes to do he is conscientious and thorough. Aside from his school business he is ac- complished and skilled in a ntimber of lines of work ; and he is the author of valuable text-books on com- mercial subjects which he publishes. Mr. Wade's knowledge is largely of the self-acquired kind, and very practical and serviceable. His versatility is due to continuity of effort. ISRAEL P. MAYER, the genial and popular proprietor of the "Sycamore Hotel," of Landisville, Pa., has been one of the main factors in the progress and development of his section. He was born on a farm situated one mile from Rohrerstown, Lancaster county, Feb. 25, 1850, son of Henry and Anna (Hoefgen) Mayer, both of" whom were natives of this county, and both of whom have passed from life. Jacob Mayer, his grandfather, was a native also of this county, and was a prominent and successful farmer of his time. Henry Mayer, son of Jacob, and father of Israel P., was for a number of years a laborer, becoming a section boss for the Pennsylvania railroad. He was also an auctioneer, and in his later years retired to a farm, j^assing his last days thereon, and dying when about seventy-one years of age. His wife passed away at the age of sixty-seven. They had a family of fourteen children : Emanuel, deceased ; Eliza, de- ceased, first married John Rudisell, and second, Isaac Hurtz; Jacob, deceased; Maria, the wife of Jacob Gerbach, of Lancaster: Christian, of Lancaster; Henry, deceased; Abraham, of Indianapolis, Ind. ; Sarah Ann, who died unmarried ; John, of Trinidad, Colo. ; Israel P., of this .sketch ; Annie, a Mrs. Smith, of IndianapoHs; Samuel, of Indianapolis; Emma, the wife of John Lichty, of Columbia; and Sally, de- ceased. Israel P. Mayer was educated in the public schools of his township, and at the age of eighteen years learned the carpenter trade with William Bow- ers, at Landisville, and entered the employ of Israel Brinkheiser of the same place, remaining three years, and later worked with John D. Boering for one year. Mr. Mayer then moved to the country and purchased a farm, continuing in its operation for three or four years, and working in the meantime at his trade. Mr. Mayer then moved to Lancaster, and there, after one year of journeyman work, began contracting and building, following this for a period of eighteen years, becoming the heaviest contractor in Lancaster City. Specimens of his handiwork and skill can be found all over the city, some of the notable buildings erected bv him being: the Lancaster Hotel, the Northern' Market, the First M. E. Church, the West Chestnut street school, the Western M. E. Church, Rathvan & Sons establishment on North Duke street, the residence of Henry Cochrane, of James and David Rose, on West Chestnut street, of Henry Rathborn, the row for Myers & Rathborn on East Chestnut, the I^ancaster Planing mill, houses on West James street, the Green stone row, on North Duke street, the famous Northern Hotel, and many others that , might be cited, among these being a large warehouse on North Queen street, also Jacob Shirk's warehouse,, this being the first warehouse erected in Lancaster City which has remained solid on account of its proper construction. Other builders have since fol- lowed Mr. Mayer's plans. Mr. Mayer was the first man to lay cement pave- ment in Lancaster and he was the principal factor in securing the northern end sewer system for the city. His business operations amounted to hundreds of thousands of dollars yearly, while the value of his work in building up the permanent improvements can not be computed. His employes numbered fifty men at times, and he became one of the heaviest tax- payers in the city. Always a man of public spirit, in 1884, Mr. Mayer accepted an election to the city council and served as a capable member of the board for several terms, declining a last election. In 1896 he removed to Bamford, and there was engaged for a time in the mercantile business and was the means of having a postoffice established at that point, Mrs. Mayer being the first postmistress. Two years later Mr. Mayer removed to Landisville, and took charge of the "Sycamore Hotel," becoming one of the most popular hotel keepers in this section. His wide ac- quaintance through the county and also through the •State attracts to his hostelry all of the traveling pub- lic in this section, and in this well appointed and modern inn both friend and stranger are hospitably entertained. In 1871 Mr. Mayer wedded Elizabeth Dietrich, the estimable daughter of Saul Dietrich, and to this marriage was born one daughter, Annie E., who has been thoroughly educated, and who resides at home. Few men in this locality have displayed more en- ergy and ability than has Isaac P. Mayer. His bus- iness tact and judgment have been only equaled by his public-spirit, and many sections have had cause to 734 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY feel grateful not only for his progressive ideas, but also for the ability which he showed in carrying them out for the benefit of the public. Mr. Mayer is pe- culiarly well qualified for the position he now holds, his genial personality and true hospitality making his house one of the favorite resting places for a large part of the traveling public. JOHN L. GROFF, of Strasburg borough, is one of the leading and representative citizens and be- longs to an old and prominent family of Lancaster county. John L. Groff was born in the old Groff home- stead March 12, 1847, a son of Emanuel Groff, and was reared on the farm,_ early becoming skilled in ag- ricultural labor. His education was pursued in the common schools of the district, and at the age of twenty-four he took charge of his father's farm, con- ducting it on shares for a period of eighteen years, and then purchased it. This most valuable property has been under his care for thirty years, and con- . tains 112 acres of some of the best land in the coun- ty. In 1900 he removed into Strasburg, where he erected a fine, modern residence, which is probably just as complete as any in the town, being equipped with electric lights, and hot air heating, in combina- tion with all improvements which are designed to make life comfortable. On Nov. 10, 1870, John L. Groff was married to Barbara Leaman, a daughter of Tobias and Eliza- beth (Denlinger) Leaman, who was born Feb. 21, 185 1, in East Lampeter township, and one son, Aaron L., born April 7, 1873, blessed this union. Aaron L. married Lizzie Groff, and they reside in Leacock township, where he is a successful farmer. Both Tilr. and Mrs. Grofif are consistent members of the Old Mennonite Church, and the family is one of the most highly respected in the community. JOHN R. FRANTZ, junior member of the mill-, ing firm of Frantz & Son, of Millersville, is a worthy representative of an honored old family which has been identified with the business interests of this county for over a century. Jacob Frantz, his great-grandfather, when a young man, about 1815, purchased property near Leaman Place, east of Lancaster, consisting of a farm of 200 acres and a flouring mill, for which he paid $40,000. Locating here, he devoted the remain- der of his life to the operating of his farm and mill, and being a keen, shrewd business man he accumu- lated much wealth. He was one of the leading and influential citizfens of the county, and an active work- er in the Mennonite Church. He died in 1840, at the age of seventy years, and his wife, who bore the maiden name of Elizabeth Hershey, died at the age of ninety-five. Of the- children born to them two died in early childhood. The others were as follows : (i) Jacob received the mill property and eighty acres of the home farm, where he remained through- out life, dying there at the age of seventy years. He operated the mill and was often called upon to settle estates for his neighbors. He married but had no children. (2) Joseph is mentioned below. (3) An- nie married Sem Eby, now deceased, and she died at the age of over eighty years. (4) Henry secured a part of the old homestead, where he followed farm- ing for a time, but finally sold out and moved to Bal- timore county, Md. He spent his last years, how- ever, in Rock Island, Illinois. Joseph Frantz, grandfather of John R., was born near Lititz, Lancaster county, Nov. i, 1807, and died Aug. 25, 1897. After his marriage he located in East Earl township, where he purchased 113 acres of land and engaged in farming, but finally sold that property and bought eighty-seven acres of land and a mill in Salisbury township. He added to the farm sixteen acres, and operated the mill three years, af- ter which he lived a retired life, while one of his sons conducted the farm until it was sold in 1899. He was a Mennonite in religious belief, was a man of good business ability, and was called upon to settle a large number of estates. He was twice married, his first wife being Annie Martin, his second Bar- bara Kreider, also deceased. In his family were twelve children, seven of .whom reached mature years, three of these by the first marriage, and four by the second. They were David, father of John R. ; Jacob, who died at the age of nineteen years ; Eliza- beth ; Hettie, wife of John Brackbill, of Souders- burg; Joseph, who is director of the poor of Lan- caster county, and a retired resident of Souders- burg; Ezra, an engineer on the Pennsylvania rail- road and a resident of Harrisburg ; and Barbara, de- ceased wife of Adam Eby. David Frantz, senior member of the milling firm of Frantz & Son, of Millersville, was born in East Earl township, Lancastef county, Dec. 9, 1830, and there grew to manhood on the home farm, attending the public schools of the neighborhood. At the age of twenty he commenced learning the miller's trade at the Brook Mill, in East Earl township, with David Martin, where he spent two years, and then assisted his father in the operations of the farm until he was niarried in 1863. Later he rented a farm at Good- ville four years, and one in Salisbury township seven years, after which he had charge of his father's mill for twenty-six years, or until 1900, giving his whole attention to the milling business. AVith his son John R. he then leased the Groff Mill, or what is more familiarly known as the Normal Mill, at Millersville, which they are now successfully conducting. Since boyhood he has been an active and consistent mem- ber of the Mennonite Church, and while a resident of East Earl township served as a member of the school board. He married Maria Rohrer, a daugh- ter of Benjamin and Mary (Landis) Rohrer, and by this union five children have been born : Ida ; John R. ; Jacob, a miller of Fairton, N. J. ; Anna E., who has been teaching in the public schools of Lancaster county since 1897; and Benjamin, who died at the age of seven years, five months and- twenty-five days. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 735 John R. Frantz, whose name introdvices this re- view, was born May 24, 1865, in Goodville, but was only two years old when the family moved to Salis- bury township, where he was reared and educated. On account of his father being a miller he early be- came familiar with that business, assisting him in his labors until he started out in life for himself. In 1889 he entered the mill of Michael Moore at Colum- bia, as assistant, but as the position was not con- genial, remained there only a short time, and in 1890 commenced working in the mill of E. E. Hunsecker, with whom he remained three years. During the following three years he was assistant miller for Levan & Sons in Lancaster township, and for two years had charge of the plant as head miller. In 1898 Mr. Frantz leased the John D. Myer's mill at New Danville, a custom and merchants' flouring mill, which he conducted until 1900. On April 7th, of that year, he formed a partnership with his father, under the firm name of Frantz & Son, and leased the Normal Roller Mills, of Millersville, which is also a custom and merchant mill with a capacity of 100 barrels. In this undertaking they are meeting with well-deserved success, for they are thorough mill- ers and capable, enterprising business men. On Aug. 15, 1889, John R. Frantz was united in marriage with Annie S. Eby, a daughter of Benja- min and Lizzie (Hoover) Eby, and to them have been born six children, namely: Ira E., Roy E., Eva Amanda, Marie Elizabeth, Lillie May and Willis E. The family are members of the Mennonite Church, and Mr. Frantz is a stanch Republican in politics. GEORGE HIBSHMAN. In the northeastern portion of Lancaster county but few family names date farther back in the settlement thereof, and none that has been connected with it is more of historic in- terest than the name of Hibshman, of which George Hibshman is a proud and worthy representative — proud in knowing that his ancestors served the State and nation prominently and ably in both civil and military capacities in the early days of our country's history. John Gerhard Hibshman, the founder of the fam- ily in America, was a native of Switzerland, and left the land of his birth in 1732, at the age of nineteen. Five years afterward he returned to his native land for his wife, returning with her to America Sept. 24, 1737, in the ship "Saint Andrew," which sailed on that date from Rotterdam, Holland, bound for New York. Upon landing in the New World, where he was to make for himself and family a home, he came to Lancaster county, and, allured by the natural beauty of the country and the richness of the soil, he purchased the tract of land which is now the farm of Israel Miller, four miles north of the borough of Ephrata, and thereon made his home. _ He and his wife were blessed with four children, viz. : Wendel is mentioned below; Henry married and moved to Lebanon county, Pa. ; Catharine married an Albrecht, and moved to Selins Grove, Pa. ; Elizabeth married Conrad Mentzer. Wendel Hibshman became the owner of the farm uj^on the death of his father. He married Hannah, daughter of John and Elizabeth HefHey, who were also among the early settlers of Ephrata township. The farm owned by John Heffley passed to his daugh- ter, Mrs. Hibshman, and from her to her son Jacob, through whose son John it descended to George. To Wendel and Hannah Hibshman were borne five chil- dren, viz. : Jacob, Henry, John, Plannah and Mary Wendel Hibshman was a man of marked ability, and naturally became a leader among the people of east- ern Pennsylvania. On the breaking out of the Revo- lutionary war he espoused the cause of the Colonies, and as major of the 3d -Battalion of Pennsylvania troops did good service in the war which ended in the formation of the Republic. After his marriage he be- came the owner of the farm which had belonged to his wife's family, but on the farm he first bought he passed the remainder of his days, an honored and in- fluential citizen of the commonwealth whose soldiers he had commanded in the struggle for independence. He and his wife were both interred in the family burying-ground on the home farm. Jacob Hibshman, eldest son of Wendel, became a man of prominence, and added luster to the family name. At an early age he entered the field of politics as a Jeffersonian Democrat, and for years wielded an influence second to none in his part of the State. He was a scrivener, and for many years a justice of the peace. He was a distinguished member of the XVIth Congress, having defeated James Buchanan, afterward President of the United States, in the Con- gressional election of 1820. At one period he was surveyor general of his district, which was composed of the counties of Lancaster, York and Dauphin, and was twelve years associate judge of the Lancaster county court. In 1824, when Gen. LaFayette visited the United States, Mr. Hibshman, then a member of Congress, was chairman of the committee appointed by the citizens of Lancaster county to receive and eti- tertain him, and had the honor of introducing the distinguished Frenchman to the people who met to do him honor. Mr. Hibshman was also prominent in the military affairs of his State, and reached the rank of brigadier general. He married Miss Elizabeth At- kinson, daughter of Thomas and Saloma Atkinson, who bore him the following children : Polly, Lydia, Edward, Jacob, Elizabeth, Amelia and John. Jacob Hibshman inherited the home farm which is now owned by his grandson, George Hibshman, and on which he died May 19, 1852. He was a man of noble qualities and upright character, and passed away honored and esteemed by a wide circle of friends and fellow citizens. His wife's death took place May 4, 181 1, and both sleep their last sleep in the Hibshman family burying-ground. Henry Hibshman, a younger son of Wendel Hibshman, was also a man of prominence in his day 736 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and generation, and held offices of honor and trust in his native State, the most important of which was that of member of the State Legislature. Like his brother, Jacob, he took an active interest in the State militia for many years, and retired from its service with the rank of general. He married Miss Catha- rina Miller, who bore him two children : Wendel and Elmira. For his second wife he married Hanna Sweitzer, and their children were Lewis Harrison and Mary. John Hibshman, son of Gen. Jacob, and father of George, was born on the home farm March 7, 1807, and grew to manhood there. His education, like that of all farmers' sons of the time, was obtained in the district school of his neighborhood, and was deemed sufficient to fit him for the avocation marked out for him, that of tiller of the soil, which he followed and honored through a long and well spent life. In time he became the owner of the Hibshman homestead, which he successfully managed, and which at Jiis death, Oct. 14, 1871, became by purchase the property of his son George. In early life he was a Whig in political belief, and when the Republican party sprang into life under the oaks near the city of Jackson, Mich., he became, and until his death remained, a stanch ' member thereof. But although he was al- ways active in the support of his party and its prin- ciples, he was not an office seeker, but was content to be a private in its ranks. In March, 1838, Mr. Hibsh- man was joined in marriage to Miss Magdalena Shirk, who was born Aug. 4, 18 13, daughter of John and Annie (Eberly) Shirk, residents of West Co- calico township, where they were well-to-do and prominent agriculturists. The children of Mr. and Mrs. .Shirk were Magdalena, Leah and Michael. Mrs. Hibshman passed from earth June 18, 1898, at the ripe old age of eighty-five years. To Mr. and Mrs. John Hibshman were born eight children, as follows : Annie, deceased ; Elizabeth, wife of Dr. D. Rhine Hertz, of Ephrata ; Jacob, deceased ; John (de- ceased), who married Hannah Boyer, and had five children, all of whom died in infancy except Harry, the present cashier of the Ephrata National Bank; Henry, deceased ; Isaac, deceased ; George, men- tioned below ; and Amelia, who married J. Craig, of Chester, Pa. In the family cemetery on the farm where he was born, and where all his life was spent, John Hibshman and his wife Magdalena are sleeping the sleep that knows no waking until the dawn of the resurrection morning. George Hibshman, like his father and grandfather before him, was bom on the farm of his ancestors, which is now his own. Like them, he grew to man- hood thereon, and obtained his education in the dis- trict schools, and he too selected as his vocation the life of a farmer, having been content to till in an in- telligent and successful way the beautiful farm any man might be proud to own. Year by year he adds to his wealth, and the beauty and comforts of his surroundings, thus setting an example some of the sons of his farmer neighbors will surely follow.- In politics he is a Republican, and one as to whose posi- tion there is never any questioning, and who sees no shame in being called stalwart. He is active in the interests of his party, but has no time to seek and no desire to hold public office. He is a member of the Republican township committee, and was a delegate to the Republican State convention held in Harris- burg in June, 1902. On Dec. 3, 1874, Mr. Hibshman married Miss Mary Kratz, who was born Oct. 18, 1852, daughter of David and Mary (Bear) Kratz. Their union has been blessed with two children: Alice, born Sept. 16, 1884, who died June 2.^, 1897 ; and Edward, born Sept. 9, 1887. David and Mary (Bear) Kratz were natives of Bucks county and Bareville, Leacock township, Lan- caster county, respectively. Mr. Kratz was born Aug. 12, 1824, and died June 27, 1892. Mrs. Kratz was born July 27, 1829, and resides in Ephrata, in the home which has been hers for thirty-five years. HON. HENRY K. BLOUGH, M. D., prominent in the professional, political and social circles of Elizabethtown, is a native of South Hanover town- ship, Dauphin Co., Pa., born Dec. 29, 1844, son of George and Mary (Keller) Blough, natives of New York State and Dauphin county, respectively. George Blough accompanied his parents to Dauphin county, Pa., shortly before his inarriage. He was a bricklayer and stonemason by trade, and followed these callings all his life. He married Mary Keller, who was born in 1823, a daughter of Michael Keller, a farmer of Lancaster county, .Pa., who died in Dauphin county at the age of seventy-four. Of the children born to this union, Sarah is unmarried and at home ; David LI. is a stock dealer and farmer of Dauphin county ; Hon. Henry K. is mentioned be- low. The parents were both faithful members of the United Brethren Church. Henry K. Blough was educated in the public schools and at Palmyra Academy. In early man- hood he learned the miller's trade, and followed it from the age of fifteen years — the time of his leav- ing home. At the age of twenty-three he began reading medicine under the direction of an uncle. Dr. D. C. Keller, of Union Deposit. By 1870 he had finished his medical studies, graduating from the University of Philadelphia, and began the active practice of that profession in Bachmanville, where he_ remained until 1872, at which time he located in Elizabethtown, his present home. He has been emi- nently successful in practice, and by his careful treatment of the afflicted, his kindly, sympathetic na- ture, and his ever bright and cheery manner, has won hosts of friends. He has found success not only in the professional world, but has taken an active part in the advancement of the material welfare of his town. In 1887 he helped to organize the Elizabeth- town Exchange Bank, and has since continued as one of its directors. He is also president of the Elizabethtown Water Company, having served as i r ^" IMfm^' S--- HSmp kJ r W" ^«^^^'' ^ f ^^^^H 'J A ^^^/" ^ 1 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 737 such since its organization in 1897, and president of the Elizabethtown branch of the Lebanon Building & Loan Association, he having been one of the first to offer inducements for the estabhshment of such a branch. In municipal affairs the Doctor has played a prominent part. For twenty-four years he has been a school director, and in 1891 and 1892 he served as a representative from his district to the State Legisla- ture, of which he is also a member at present, having been again elected in 1902. Ifolitically he has for years been an enthusiastic worker in the ranks of the Republican party. Socially he belongs to the Jr. O. U. A. M., while professionally he is identified with the city and county medical societies. He has also served on the staff of the Lancaster County Hospital. The Doctor is a great lover of fine horses, and is the owner of several, whose pedigrees entitle them to great consideration. On Sept. 14, 1869, Dr. Blough was united in marriage with Elizabeth Shank, of Annville, Leba- non county, who was bom in 1850, a daughter of Abraham and Leah (Moyer) Shank, both now de- ceased. Two children blessed their union : Albert S., a graduate of the Philadelphia Medico Chirurgi- cal Institute ; and Jennie, wife of Dr. D. Frank Kline, a prominent physician of Lancaster. Dr. Blough is an extremely popular man, and is held in high esti- mation for his tipright life. JACOB B. BRUBAKER, a general farmer in East Donegal township, was born in Rapho town- ship May 7, 1857, son of Andrew and Mary (Bru- baker) Brubaker, of the same township. . Andrew Brubaker was born Sept. 20, 1832, a son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Strickler) Brubaker, resi- dents of Rapho township, where the former was en- gaged in farming all his life. Andrew Brubaker was a farmer and a man of considerable importance in the community in which his industrious and well or- dered life was passed, and where he served six years as school director. He died June 17, 1892, in East Donegal township, and was buried in the Cross Roads cemetery, a well known burial place in that township. He married Mary Brubaker, who was born June 6, 1836, daughter of Benjamin and Maria (Lehman) Brubaker, farming people of Rapho township. She is now living in Mt. Joy, Pa. To Andrew and Mary Brubaker were born : Elizabeth, who married Peter Graybill, supervisor of Mt. Joy township, and a resident of Florin ; Mary, who is at home with her mother ; Jacob B. ; William B., a pro- fessor in a polytechnic college in Brooklyn, -N. Y. ; and Harvey B., in the United States Postal Service, at Florin. Benjamin Brubaker, father of Mrs. Mary Brubaker, married for his second wife Mary Landis, of York county. On Nov. 13, 1884, Jacob B. Brubaker and Bar- bara Felker were married in East Donegal township, and to this union were born : Frances K., now de- ceased; Simon, deceased; and William, Amos, Ja- 47 cob B. and Mary, all of whom are at home. Mrs. Barbara (Felker) Brubaker was born in Rapho township, Nov. 6, 1863, daughter of Philip and Fanny (Kaufman) Pelker, who were born in Rapho and Manor townships, respectively. Philip Felker was a farmer in East Donegal township, where he died Feb. 12, 1899, and his remains were buried in the Graybills Cemetery. Fanny (Kaufman) Felker, who was born in 1840, is now residing in Rapho, a faithful member of the Mennonite Church. They had the following children : John and Amos, both of whom died young ; Barbara ; Amanda, who mar- ried J. K. Layman, a drover in Mt. Joy township ; Abraham, a farmer in East Donegal township, Elizabeth, who married Christ Rohrer, a farmer in Rapho; Mary, of Lancaster; Philip, a school teacher in Mt. Joy; Frances, deceased; Anna, who is living in Elizabethtown ; Samuel, a day laborer irl ' Mt. Joy township ; and Catherine, who is living with her mother. Both the Felkers and the Kaufmans were all residents of Lancaster county. Jacob B. Brubaker remained at home with his parents until his marriage, when he worked for the neighboring farmers until 1894. That year he pur^ chased the farm on which he is now residing, where he has achieved a decided success in his agricultural labors. He is a thrifty and energetic farmer, with a good place and a reputation for thorough and care- ful work. In his politics he is a stanch Republican. William B. Brubaker, who is mentioned above as a professor in a polytechnic school in Brooklyn, was born in the township of Rapho, March 14, 1866, where he spent his early life on the farm, and began his education in the district school. At the age of sixteen years he began a course in Millersville Acad- emy, from which he was graduated in both branches- in 1887. During this time he also attended the old Franklin and Marshall Academies. For four years he taught district school, and for eight years was a teacher in the Millersville Academy, achieving such a reputation as an instructor and a valuable all- around teacher that in September, 1899, he was taken on the teaching force of the Polytechnical Institute in Broolclyn, where he is now engaged. Prof. Bru- baker thoroughly understands the work he has in hand, and is an earnest and inspiring teacher. CHRISTIAN KINDIG, Jr. The baptismal name of Mr. Kindig's father was Christian, and his mother's maiden name was Alice Milan. He was one of the substantial and influential citizens of Lan- caster county in his day, and first saw the light in Conestoga township, on Dec. 29, 1815. His long and useful life of eighty-three years came to an end at Millersville on July 21, 1898. While he died at Mil- lersville, his life was passed in Conestoga and Manor townships, chiefly in Conestoga. He was a success- ful farmer, owning 120 acres, of his own, and was a prominent and influential citizen, a man of broad and enlightened public spirit, and he filled various local offices. One of the early Whigs, he cast his first 738 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY presidential vote for General William Henry Harri- son, and his last for Benjamin Harrison in 1888. He was a member of the Mennonite Church. Mary Frantz, his wife, died in 1881, at the age of sixty- eight years. A family of nine children was born to them: E. J., Mary, Barbara, Elizabeth, Annie, Christian, Adeline, Maggie and Amanda. E. J. oc- cupied the old homestead, and became a man of influ- ence in public affairs. Mary married Abraham Eshleman, of Millersville. Barbara became the wife of Jacob Herr, of New Danville, in Pequea township. Elizabeth married Amos Harnish, of Lancaster. Annie married Jacob Miller, of New Danville, and is deceased. Adeline married Abraham Nissley, of South Hempfield. Maggie became the wife of the Rev. Daniel Lehman, of Manor. Amanda, the youngest of the family, is unmarried, and lives at Millersville. Christian, Jr., lives in Manor township. Christian Kindig, Jr., was born May 15, 1848. He grew up on the old homestead in Conestoga and attended the common schools of his native town. On Dec. 12, 1871, he married Mattie L., daughter of John Hess and Elizabeth Landis, his wife, of Man- heim township, who was born Oct. 2, 1849. Mr. and Mrs. Kindig are the parents of six children, one of whom died in infancy. The others — Ivan H., Minnie H., Mary H., Lizzie H. and Annie H. — live at home with their parents. After his marriage Mr. Kindig settled upon a farm.of 138 acres, bought by his father in 1863, and situated one mile west of Millersville. There he still lives, although he has added to his original holdings by the purchase of seventy-five acres adjoining on the north. The land is under high cultivation, and the improvements, nearly all of which have been made by Mr. Kindig, are extensive and modern in character, such as might be made by a farmer of progressive ideas and keen, close observation. As a citizen he is broad minded and public spirited, es- teemed and influential. As a husband and father he shows estimable Aartue, and as a Christian his life is without reproach. Mrs. Kindig's paternal grandparents were Christian and Barbara (Hoover) Hess. Her father, John Hess, was born May 31, 181 5, and died Jan. 20, 1891. He was a man of substantial means, and a devout member of the Mennonite Church. In early life he was a farmer, but later owned and operated the Oregon mill in Manheim for nearly a quarter of a century. His marriage to Elizabeth Landis oc- curred Oct. 18, 1838. She was born Oct. 7, 1820, daughter of Benjamin L. Landis and Anna Lang. Mrs. Kindig was one of a large family of children : Annie, the eldest, married Peter G. Hershey, of Lan- caster; Benjamin L. lives in Manheim; Barbara died while a child of four years ; David L. is a resident of Manheim ; Lizzie L. died in childhood ; Mattie L. is Mrs. Christian Kindig. Maria L. is unmarried and lives with her mother. Fannie died in childhood, as did also an infant son. Isaac L. is a missionary in China, laboring under the direction and care of the Christian Alliance, in the province of Quangsai, where he has been stationed since 1896. Amelia L. is a practicing physician in Philadelphia. Mrs. Hess, the mother of Mrs. Kindig, is yet living, a lovable old lady, hale and well preserved, despite her four score years of active, patient toil; her father, Benjamin Landis, died in his fifty-ninth year, while her mother lived to be nearly eighty-five. DAVID FRANCIS MAGEE, a prominent mem- ber of the Lancaster Bar, enjoys the somewhat unique distinction of having practically built in Lancaster county an enterprising village — White Rock, where, he still retains extensive business interests. James Vincent Magee, father of David Francis, was born at Kennett Square, Chester county, where he was a farmer and, following in the footsteps of his father, James Magee, a cattle dealer. Later for a few years James V. Magee kept a hotel in Wilming- ton, Del., afterward moving to Lynchburg, Va., where he died. Pie married Mary Ann Bradley, a daughter of John Bradley, who came from Ireland in 1806, settling in Phoenixville, where he became a well-known farmer and cattle dealer, and where he died in i860. To James V. and Mary Ann (Brad- ley) Magee came eleven children, two of whom died in infancy and three after reaching maturity. The survivors are: Margaret, Ann, Kate and Mary, all living in Philadelphia ; Laura, the wife of John Frer-^ ron, a farmer by occupation, and at present a mem- ber of the board of county commissioners of Ches- ter county ; and David Francis, of Lancaster. David Francis Magee, familiarly known as Squire Magee, by reason of his having been justice of the peace so many years, was born in Wilmington, Del., in December, 1854, his parents removing to Vir- ginia during his infancy. There they remained until 1868, when they came back to this State, settling in Hopewell, Chester county. Mr. Magee remained with his parents until 1880, when he removed to White Rock, Lancaster county, at that time a mere country cross roads, with one dwelling house and a small store. Mr. Magee completed his schooling in Georgetown College, but he has always been a student, and has followed out the study of political economy to such an extent that he is one of the best posted men on that subject in the State. For five years he was a school teacher, but on his removal to White Rock became an active business man, building a warehouse, a creamery, a smithy, a wagon-maker's shop and six dwelling houses. His enterprise has opened the way, and White Rock is to-day a hustling and energetic village. Mr. Magee still owns consid- erable property there, though living in Lancaster. For thirteen years he served as a justice of the peace, and was three times elected in a Republican district, though he was and is an uncompromising Democrat. During his long service as a justice of the peace he had fully seven hundred cases before him, and every case stood as he decided it. In 1894 Mr. Magee was- nominated by the Democrats for Auditor General of BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 739 the State, and made a handsome run, speaking in almost every county in the State. Mr. Magee began reading law with Theodore K. Stubbs, but stopped only to begin reading again with J. A. Coyle, and was admitted to the Bar in 1888. Before he was eligible, on account of the time limit, he argued a case in the Supreme Court, to which he was formally admitted just as soon as the two years had expired. Mr. Magee is a ready and fluent speaker, and challenged the prominent Republicans of the State for a discussion of the tariff question. This discus- sion was with many of the best-posted Republicans of the State, and extended over some twelve years. It attracted much attention and demonstrated the fact that Mr. Magee was thoroughly informed as to all matters under consideration. After being ad- mitted to the Bar Mr. Magee retained for several years a silent partnership in all his business enter- prises, including that of the White Rock Warehouse property, which he had greatly improved, and a store of considerable magnitude. He was an organizer, a director and the first counsel for the Octoraro Tele- phone Co., which proved a great local success. Mr. Magee was married in 1878 to Miss Lew- rainer Twaddell, a daughter of John Twaddell, a farmer of Chester county. From this union were born: Lewrainer T. and Mary T., both graduates at Emmitsburg, and now at home with their parents ; D. Frank, a graduate of the Lancaster high school, and now a clerk with Reilly Brothers & Raub; James F., Helen A. and Charles Albert, all three at school. Mr. Magee is a member of St. Mary's Catholic Church of this city, and is grand president of the Pennsylvania Catholic Beneficial League, whose headquarters are in Lancaster, and of which he was one of the principal organizers. Mr. Magee is quite an enthusiast in cycling, and is president of the Lan- caster Cycling Club, entertaining the members annu- ally at his country home, and going along with the "boys" when they make the run to his elegant man- sion at White Rock. Although Mr. Magee tips the scales at 220 pounds he rides the wheel with more than ordinary ease, and is so much interested in the exercise that he has taken up the matter of good roads, writing a series of articles on the subject for the Lancaster press, which have since been brought together and published in book form. ABRAHAM H. MECKLEY, a trusted and popular engineer on the Pennsylvania Railroad and a resident of Columbia, was born on a farin in Conoy township, Lancaster county, Jan. 21, 185 1, the sev- enth of ten children born to Benjamin and Barbara (Halderman) Meckley, the former of whom was first a farmer and then sawmill proprietor, but his latter years were passed in retired ease. He lost his wife in 1859, when she was forty-five years old, and his own death tbok place in 1895, at the age of seventy- five. They were members respectively of the Menno- nite and United Brethren churches and the remains of both were interred in Conoy cemetery. Their ten children were born in the following order: Jacob, who is a lumber merchant in Bainbridge, Pa. ; Anna, wife of Benjamin Fink, a carpenter in Conoy; Chris- tian, a cigarmaker in Lock Haven ; Elizabeth, wife of Andrew Shenk, of Bainbridge; Barbara, with her brother in Bainbridge; Mary, who died young; Abraham H. ; Benjamin and Samuel, deceased; and Martin, of Conoy. Abraham H. Meckley assisted his father on the home farm until eighteen years old, and then learned the carpenter's trade, at which he worked until 1880. He then made two trips on the railroad as brakeman, spent six years, nine months and nineteen days as fireman, and was then promoted in 1887 to engineer. On April 13, 1884, Mr. Meckley was married, in Elizabethtown, Pa., to Miss Elizabeth Goss, and to this union has been born one child, Cora. Mrs. Elizabeth Meckley was born in West Donegal town- ship, Lancaster county, April 29, 1855, a daughter of Joseph and Mary (Erb) Goss, natives respectively of Hanover, York Co., Pa., and Conoy township, Lancaster county. Their family comprised nine chil- dren, viz.: Amos, who died young; Elizabeth; Christian, school-teacher, farmer and justice of the peace in Conoy township ; Joseph, in Elizabethtown ; Mary, who died in infancy ; Anna M., wife of David F. Gable, of Mt. Joy; Ella married to John Shire- man, a farmer in Conoy ; Emily, married to Harrison Brenzer, a school-teacher in Bainbridge; and Myra, wife of Joseph B. Martin, a school-teacher in Middle- town, Pa. Joseph Goss, the father, was a farmer by vocation and died in Conoy township in May, 1899, aged seventy-four; and his wife, who was born in November, 183 1, now resides in Elizabethtown. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Meckley were John Goss, a farmer, and Elizabeth (Haldeman) Goss, both of Lancaster county ; her maternal grand- parents were Christian and Elizabeth (Grable) Erb, who moved to Ridgeville, Conoy township, when they retired from business. Mr. Erb was a justice of the peace. Abraham H. Meckley is a Democrat in politics, and religiously he and his wife and daughter are members of the Church of God ; socially they stand very high in the esteem of their neighbors. REUBEN SHAUBACH, one of the representa- tive young men of Strasburg township, resides upon his farm one mile north of Martinsville, this county. He was born in West Lampeter township, Dec. 31, 1853, son of Andrew Shaubach, and he was brought up on a farm and educated in the common schools. Until he was thirty years old he remained assisting his father, but after marriage located in the village of Refton on a farm of 139 acres, which he rented for two years, and he then removed to the desirable place where he has since lived, and which, since it has come into his possession, has been transformed into one of the finest in this locality. The farm owned by Mr. Shaubach comprises fifty acres and upon it he 740 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY has made many improvements, erecting all of the buildings except the residence; and he has shown himself to be one of the progressive farmers who, by industry and good judgment, become the substantial men of the future. In 1898, Mr. Shaubach, in asso- ciation with his brother Martin, purchased a farm of 112 acres in Providence township, and this is in charge of Martin Shaubach. On Nov. 15, 1883, Reuben Shaubach was united in marriage with Miss Susan Barge, daughter of Witmer J. Barge, who was born in Strasburg town- ship Dec. 25, 1849. Three children have been born to this union; Annie B., born May 6, 1885, and two sons who died at birth. The whole family are val- ued and consistent members of the Old Mennonite Church, and none are more highly respected in this neighborhood. FRANK R. FOLMER, who conducts a thriving butcher business in Columbia, is a native of Lebanon county. Pa., born Nov. 4, 1858. John Folmer, his father, was the only son of John Folmer, Sr. Both were coachmakers by occupation. John Folmer died in 1861, in his twenty-sixth year. He married Miss Angeline Gerhart, who was third in the family of five children born to Henry H. and Sabina (Carl) Gerhart, namely: Cornelius C, a Union veteran of the Civil war, lives in Lebanon; John, who also served in the Civil war, is deceased ; Milton, a resident of Lebanon, also served in the Union army during that conflict ; and Sarah married Isaac Docker, and both are now deceased. Henry H. Gerhart made his home in Lebanon county, and he died in Lebanon in 1847, "^ his thirty-sixth year. His widow made her home with her daughter An- geline during her latter years, and died in Columbia in 1882, in her sixty-sixth year. Both were members of the Reformed Church. To John and Angeline Folmer were born three children, of whom the eldest, Phillip H., is a yardmaster in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Co., at Columbia; he married Bridget Welsh. Frank R., whose name opens this sketch, is mentioned below. John, the youngest, died in childhood. In May, 1864, Mrs. Folmer became the wife of Plugh Donnelly, who is mentioned else- where, and by that union had two children : Mary E., now the wife of Gordon W. Blakesley, a grocer of Lansing, Mich. ; and Alex. C, who died in child- hood. Frank R. Folmer received his education in the public schools, and was but ten years old when he commenced work, being employed three summers in a brickyard. He then learned the butcher business, with C. W. Minich, with whom he continued four- teen years, at the end of that time embarking in busi- ness on his own account. He has been engaged thus up to the present time, with uninterrupted success, and has met with substantial reward, which he justly deserves. Mr. Folmer owns some valuable property, and, as a result of industry and good business meth- ods, is now comfortably situated. In 1885 our sub- ject was married, in Columbia, to Miss Alice M, Rupp, a native of Cumberland county. Pa. They have no children. Mr. Folmer is a Republican in politics, and fraternally unites with the I. O. O. F. In religious connection he is identified with the M. E. Church. Daniel Rupp, father of Mrs. Folmer, was born in Cumberland county, Pa., son of George Rupp, a na- tive of Germany, who came to this country and set- tled in that county, remaining there until his death. Daniel Rupp was a carriage maker by occupation. On May 27, 1855, in Mechanicsburg, Pa., he married Elizabeth Moler, who was born Oct. 8, 1836, also a native of Cumberland county, where her parents, Samuel and Rachel (Miller) Moler, passed all their lives. Mrs. Rupp now makes her home in York, Pa. She is an Adventist in religious belief. Mr. Rupp died Jan. 13, 1886, in Shiremanstown, Pa., aged fifty- four years. To this union were born children as fol- lows : Samuel ; Laura and Sarah E., both of whom died young; Benjamin H., of Lancaster; Alice M., Mrs. Folmer ; Barbara A., Mrs. Charles H. Hock, of Columbia; Abraham L., Jennie E. and Emma G., all of whom died young ; Lillian R., wife of Amos H. Groff, of Columbia; Maggie I., wife of Harry Cor- nish, of York, Pa. ; Daniel E. and Idella D., both of whom died young; and Mirvin S., a resident of York, Pennsylvania. MENNO MARTIN FRY. Among the promi- nent and representative citizens of Lancaster is Menno Martin Fry, who is not only the leading busi- ness man in his line in that city but is also one of the largest dealers in leaf tobacco in the State. Mr. Fry was born at Millport, Warwick town- ship, Sept. 3, 1854. After finishing his course in the public schools of his district he entered the State Normal school at Millersville, and so well did he im- prove his opportunities that he was accepted as a teacher at the age of sixteen years, and followed that profession through four terms. He then began the manufacture of cigars at Rothsville, and continued in that business for three years, removing at that time, to Lititz, enlarging his scope by add- ing leaf tobacco to his trade. Here he remained for the succeeding twelve years. Mr. Fry de- sired still larger fields of operation, and then removed to Lancaster, where in partnership with his brother, Phares W. Fry, he began trading m leaf tobacco, under the firm name of M. M. Fry & Bro. Their first location was on Market street,, but the business increased to such a degree that a change was soon necessitated, and the fine warehouse at the southeast corner of Grant and Christian streets was built for their use. After four years of partner- ship the brothers dissolved the connection, and for a time each conducted business in the same warehouse but It was not long before the quarters again became too contracted, this resulting in Phares Fry with- drawing to another warehouse and Menno Martin employing all of this building for his own use How- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 741 ever, by July, 1900, Mr. Fry found it necessary to. secure a still larger building, and he completed ar- rangements by which he secured the Steinmetz building, at the northwest corner of Grant and Christian streets, the most complete tobacco ware- house in this section, if not, indeed, in the whole State. This building is six stories in height and has a storage capacity of 7,000 cases of tobacco. In addi- tion to these buildings, Mr. Fry has a large ware- house at Landisville, in this county. His business is one of large proportions, consisting in selling in large quantities to the jobbers and to all of the important cigar manufacturers in the United States. Mr. Fry was married to Miss Anna Hess, the accomplished daughter of the late Capt. Hess, of Safe Harbor, who fell in battle during the Civil war, a brave young martyr to his country. No children have been born to thein. In social circles both are prominent, and generous hospitality is shown in the elegant home at No. 624 West Chestnut street, Lan- caster. Although an ardent Republican, Mr. Fry has never taken any very active part in politics, his large business interests requiring his close attention. For a number of years he has been a leading member of the First M. E. Church, where for six years he served as trustee, and where he is a liberal contributor to all benevolent and charitable enterprises. He is widely known and is esteemed as a man of integrity and high business principle. HARRY LIGHTNER TROUT, proprietor of the leading book bindery in Lancaster, and the pres- ent clerk of the Court of Quarter Sessions, is a native of that city, born Oct. 28, 1853. Mr. Trout is connected with one of the oldest and best known families in this locality, and his father, Adam Trout, is well remembered by many of the older citizens as a genial, popular man. He married Salome Lefever, who died in 1857. Harry L. Trout received a liberal education at the public schools of Lancaster, completing his studies at the age of fifteen years. In 1870 he went to Philadelphia, for three years was there engaged in the queensware business, and then returning to Lan- caster commenced a four years' apprenticeship to the trade of bookbinder, by diligence and application thoroughly mastering all the details of the business. In 1881 he commenced for his own account in the city, his first bindery being in Centre square, whence, his business having rapidly increased, he removed to more commodious quarters on North Christian street, in rear of the New Era building, and at a considerable pecuniary outlay equipped his estab- lishment with the very latest and best appliances for efficiently carrying on a first class bindery. Mr. Trout soon established a reputation as an expert and reliable bookbihder, and he does much of the finest work for the county offices, besides enjoying patron- age from all over the State, and from even far distant localities. On Sept. 2, 1875, Harry L. Trout was married to Miss Sarah E., daughter of Joseph Y. Colby, at one time prominently identified with the cotton mill in- dustry in Lancaster. One child has blessed this union, Maude, now the wife of James Wesley Har- vey, a lawyer of Baltimore. In politics Mr. Trout is a stalwart Republican, and for years has been recognized as a leader in the ranks of the party. For nearly a dozen continuous years he represented the Fifth ward of Lancaster in the city council, and for three terms served as pres- ident of the Common branch; but these incumben- cies he had to resign in order to take the office of clerk of the court of Quarter Sessions, to which he was elected in November, 1899, entering upon his duties Jan. I, 1900. Mr. and Mrs. Trout are identified with the First Presbyterian Church of Lancaster. Socially he is a member of Lamberton Lodge, No. 476, F. & A. M. A whole-souled, generous man, with a friendly nod and a pleasant word for everybody, faithful in his friendship and open and manly in his political or oth- er differences with men, Harry L. Trout is personally one of the strongest men in the community in which he lives. ELI L. NISSLEY, a noted packer of leaf to- bacco, and very successful dealer in this line of farm produce, was born on the paternal homestead in the township of Mt. Joy, Lancaster county, July 11, 1862, a son of Christ H. and Barbara (Lindesmith) Nissley. Christ H. Nissley was born on the family home- stead where the Nissleys had long lived, and he died in Florin, Pa., Sept. 12, 1894. He had operated the old Graybill mills for years, but in 1880 sold out to Levi R. Nissley, and moved to Florin. In his day he was an experienced miller and farmer, and engaged along both lines in Mt. Joy township for many years. In local and county affairs Mr. Nissley had long held a prominent position. From 1866 to 1869 he was county commissioner, county auditor for three terms, prison inspector for two terms, and school director of Mt. Joy for many years. Mrs. Barbara (Lindesmith) Nissley was born in West Donegal township, and died Jan. 12, 1899, at the age of seventy-four years, and was buried in the cemetery connected with the Graybills church. Mr. and Mrs. Nissley were the parents of the following family: Martin, who died in infancy ; Mary L., who married J. G. Hershey, a farmer in the township of East Donegal (mentioned more fully elsewhere) ; Amanda L., who married Henry Meekly, of Mt. Joy township; Christ L., a retired farmer ; Jacob, who died at the age of four- teen years ; Elizabeth N., who married L. R. Nissley, of East Donegal township, where he is engaged in milling ; and Eli L. The paternal grandparents of Eli L. Nissley were Martin and Elizabeth (Hershey) Nissley, the former born on the old Nissley homestead in Mt. Joy town- ship. Martin Nissley was a miller on the old home- stead, and operated a mill of his own construction. 742 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY His death occurred after he had reached his sixty- ninth year. Mrs. Elizabeth Nissley died in 1829 at the untimely age of thirty years, and was buried in the burying ground at Graybills. They had the fol- lowing family: Nancy (who is living a widow in Dauphin, county. Pa.), Fanny, Barbara, Maria, Katie, Christ H. and Martin. The maternal grandparents of Eli L. Nissley were Jacob D. and Barbara (Zeigler) Lindesmith, of West Donegal. Mr. Lindesmith was a prominent and successful farmer, and at the time of his death was worth more than $roo,ooo. The long life that was given him measured more than eighty years, and his wife lived four years longer. Both were buried in Boslers burying ground in West Donegal. Their children were: Martin, deceased; Martha, deceased wife of John Engle ; Fanny, who married John Bren- ner, and is deceased; Betsy, deceased, who married John B. Meyers; Barbara, twin of Betsy; Leander J., deceased ; and Mary, who married Jacob W. Nissley. On Sept. 27, 1883, Eli L. Nissley was married in the township of East Hempfield, Lancaster county, to Lizzie R. Shenk, by whom he became the father of the following children: Henry Roy, Eli Jay, Christ Lloyd and Walter S. Mrs. Lizzie R. Nissley ,was born in Hempfield township, Sept. 29, 1863, only .daughter of Henry K. and Mary (Rhodes) Shenk, who were born in Manheim and Manor townships, respectively. Henry K. Shenk is now living in East Hempfield the honored life that belongs to a farmer who has worked hai-d all his years and seeks rest and peace at the close of his days. Mrs. Shenk died in 1893, at the age of sixty years, and was buried in the Lutheran Church Cemetery at Maytown. Eli L. Nissley was reared on the home farm, where he remained with his parents until he was fourteen years of age, and then accompanied them in their removal to Mt. Joy township and to Graybills, spending three years at each location. When he was seventeen years of age he came to Florin, and six years later became engaged in the leaf tobacco busi- ness, which has continued his occiipation to the pres- ent time and in which he is remarkably successful. Mr. Nissley is a Republican, and has taken a leading position in the community. In 1901 he was elected a school director for a three years' term. In 1899 he was made a director of the First National Bank of Marietta, and his business judgment, always good, is making itself felt throughout the county. Mr. Nissley is a pushing and energetic character, bound to make progress, and is widely known as an enterprising and thoroughly reliable man. BENJAMIN F. BYERS. The ancestors of the Byers family, in I>ancaster county, came from a country which has given the world some notable men, and whose people, the country over, are considered among the best of American citizens. John Byers, his grandfather, was a native of Germany, and in that country he was reared and there married, soon after emigrating to the United States and locating in Pequea township, Lancaster county. Here he purchased a large tract of land which was situated north of Baumgardner Station, and on this property was built what is known as the Byers Church, the Byers family contributing a tract for that purpose. John Byers came upon this land as a pi- oneer, being one of the first settlers, finding the local- ity unimproved, and when viewing the extraordinary change that has been made, one can not but admire .and comment upon .the zeal, intelligence and energy that has so successfully made of this region one of the best improved in the county. John Byers lived to advanced age in spite of the exacting life of the pioneer, and was noted for his progressive spirit and force of character, rearing a large and excellent fam- ily, many of whom located in the West, and have es- tablished family branches there. John Byers (2), son of the pioneer, was born in 1807, and died in 1852, having been reared on the homestead in I'equea township. After his marriage he came to West Lampeter and located on a farm about one mile south-east of Willowstreet, where he bought and operated over 100 acres, and there pur- sued agricultural activities all his life with excellent results. He was highly esteemed, being made super- visor and for a long time serving as school director. John Byers (2) married Kate Johnston, daughter of Abraham Johnston, of Pequea township, who died in 1879 ^t the age of sixty-three. They had a fam- ily of ten children : Barbara married Samuel Min- ney, of West Lampeter township ; Henry died at the age of forty-four, unmarried; Jacob is a farmer of Ouarryville, Lancaster county; Mary is the widow of Peter Sicor; Sarah is the" wife of Henry Barr, of Pequea township ; John died at the age of twenty- eight, leaving a wife and two children ; David is a resident of Whiteside county. 111. ; Annie is the wife of John Huber, of Willowstreet; Benjamin F. ; and Amaziah died in childhood. Benjamin F. Byers was born July 16, 1853, and was reared on the home farm, attending the public school of his district, until the age of twelve. At this early age he started from home with the intention of taking care of himself, engaging in farm work by the month, and thus he continued until he was twenty- five. At this time he saw a favorable opening in the butchering business, at Lampeter, and since that time has been engaged in that line, very successfully, being both a wholesale and retail merchant. Mr. Byers has the best of facilities for his work, having erected a^large slaughter house, and supplying the Lancaster City markets, as well as the country trade. Being a live business man, his future success is assured, the public having learned to repose confidence in his mtegnty. As a stanch Republican, he has filled a number of the local offices in the gift of the party, servmg efficiently under all circumstances. Benjamin Byers was married in 1886, to Eliza- beth Eshleman, a daughter of Christian Eshleman of West Lampeter township, and three children have BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 748 been born of this union : Willis, Myrtle and Harold. This is one of the representative families of the town- ship, and by his energy and industry, Mr. Byers has place his business in a front rank in this part of Lan- caster county. WILLIAM B. DETV/ILER. Prominent in the realty business, in Mt. Joy, Pa., and one of the most progressive and enterprising business men, is Will- iam B. Detwiler, a native of Rapho township, where he was born in 1851, a son of Joseph and Anna Det- wiler. The name is one well known in financial and business circles, carrying with it the suggestion of uprightness of character, combined with sound busi- ness ability. Mr. Detwiler remained with his parents until his marriage, and then engaged in farming on the old homestead in Rapho township, successfully operating a large farm, for fourteen years. Since that time, his residence has been in Mt. Joy, the varied and in- creasing interests of his father, requiring his as- sistance in their management. Aside from the vast amount of work entailed in successfully managing tiis father's estate, he is also engaged in the real es- tate business, for which he has shown great capacity. The marriage of William B. Detwiler occurred in Conoy township, when Emma Hoffman, a daugh- ter of Benjamin and Elizabeth (Rhodes) Hoffman, of Manor township, became his bride. They now reside in Conoy township, where Mr. Hoffman is one of the most extensive farmers and tobacco merchants in that locality. They are pious and worthy people, members of the River Brethren and the Church of God, and are the parents of ten children. Mr. and Mrs. Detwiler have four children, — Parthenia A., who married Dr. B. E. Wright, a dentist of Harris- burg : Joseph H., Jr. ; Mabel ; and Beulah. For the past six years, Mr. Detwiler has been a member of the city council, and is one of the lead- ing politicians in this section. JAY BACHMAN. The Bachman family, of Lancaster county, possesses an old and honorable an- cestry, its members having been identified with the advancement of the county since as early as 1746, when its founder in the United States located in West Lampeter township. His son, Jacob, became the grandfather of Jay Bachman, the immediate subject • of this biography. Jacob Bachman was born April 25, 1782, and died May 10, 1849, and on March 3T, 1814. married Barbara Eshleman, who died at the age of seventy- eight years, eight months and three days. Jacob Bachman was a farmer, but po'^sessed a natural aptitude for working in wood, and the family still possesses some valued examples of his cabinet work. Both were members of the Old Mennonite Church, and both were of quiet, domestic habits of life. Un- der their roof grew up a large and intelligent family, many members of it having made homes for them- selves in other States, everywhere being known as quiet, well-ordered citizens and worthy of their name. To Jacob Bachman and wife were born: Maria, born in 18 15, married William Parker and re- moved to Illinois, where she died. May 13, 1854; Susan, born in 1816, died single ; John, born in 1818, died Sept. 15, 1894; Anna, born in 1820, married David Longenecker and removed to Maryland, where she still survives, a widow since Feb. 5, 1889 ; Jacob, born in 1825, married Elizabeth Eshleman, re- sided in Strasburg township, and died March 8, 1888 ; Fannie, born in 1827, married John Jameson, and in 1855 removed to Quincy, Ills., where she died in 1893 ; Benjamin F., born in 1829, removed to Cali- fornia when a young man, and spent his life in that State; and Elizabeth, born in 1832, died in infancy. John Bachman, son of Jacob and father of Jay Bachman, was born in West Lampeter township, and when a small boy accompanied his parents in their removal to Strasburg, when location was made upon the fine farm now occupied by Jay Bachman. Here John Bachman was reared and sent to the pub- lic schools, later being given educational advantages in both select schools and an academy. About the time of his legal majority he purchased a farm in Ohio, which he cleared and worked for a period, remaining until his father's death called him home, when he returned to the homestead, and with his brother Jacob undertook the management of the estate. Until his marriage this arrangement con- tinued, at which time he took full control and made it his home. For many years John Bachman resided in the old homestead, engaged in farming, but when his son Jay had reached manhood he turned the farm over to him and retired from active life, remaining in the old place, however, tmtil his days ended. For a long period John Bachman was one of the prominent, as well as one of the most substantial men of the locality, a man of more than ordinary intelligence and superior education. His services were frequently required in the settlement of estates, on account of the known probity of his character. He was one of the original directors in the Strasburg Bank, so continuing for many years. On May 11, 1869, John Bachman was married to Lizzie B. Rohrer, daughter of Christian and Maria (Buckwalter) Rohrer, who was born Sept. 29, 1844. Four children were born to this union: Minnie, born Feb. 13, 1870, married Morris Bach- man, of Pittsburg, Pa. ; Jay, born Oct. 21, 1871, re- sides on the old homestead ; Ed, born Dec. 10, 1874, died April 16, 1876; and Park, born Nov. 12, 1879, was a student of mechanical engineering at the Western University, at Pittsburg. Jay Bachman, who is one of the most progressive 3'oung farmers of Strasburg township, and a son of John and Lizzie (Rohrer) Bachman, was reared on the farm he now occupies and which he is improving with modern buildings and stocking it with high- grade stock and cattle. His education was acquired in the excellent public schools of Lancaster county. ,744 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY which he has supplemented with reading and scien- tific studies in relation to his agricultural and stock interests. The Bachman homestead farm contains io8 acres of some of the most valuable land in Strasburg township, located three miles southwest of Strasburg, and is one of the oldest, although the stanch old buildings, almost a century old, give no such impression. Mr. Bachman has remodeled and modernized them and put them into proper condition to accommodate his growing operations. In connec- tion with his farming industries, he also conducts one of the best and largest dairies in the vicinity, the butter from which commands the highest market price and is in much demand. On Oct. 5, 1898, Jay Bachman was married to Edith Musser, daughter of Dr. Harry Musser, of Lampeter, and one little son, Harry M., was born, Nov. 3, 1899. In his political affiliations Mr. Bach- man is a Republican, and he is one of the most esteemed citizens of Strasburg township. His re- spected mother resides in Strasburg, enjoying a peaceful old age, beloved and esteemed by all who know her. HENRY S. IMMEL, an extensive cigar manu- facturer at Mountville, Lancaster county, employing forty-three men, began business here in 1890, and has made an uneqtiivocal success of it. He was born in ISIillersville, this county, Feb. 26, i860, a son of Henry B. and Catherine (Staufifer) Immel, of Manor township, where the parents resided until 1891, when they came to Mountville. Of their ten children, El- vina died young; Henry S. is our subject; Emeline is married to Joseph Froelich, a carpenter of Mount- ville ; Calvin, John, Edwin, Franklin and Ida all died young ; and two others died in infancy. Henry B. Immel, father of Henry S., was born in Millersville, July 12, 1831, was a blacksmith and car- riage builder, and after 1891 carried on his calling in Mountville. Henry B. was a son of John and Elizabeth ( Berk) Immel, who were' born and who lived and died in Manor township, the latter event occurring in Millersville. John Immel was a black- smith by trade, and was a very popular citizen, hold- ing many township offices in the early days. His death occurred in 185 1, when he was fifty-seven years old, but the wife survived until 1873, when she died at the age of seventy years. They were members of the Reformed church and their mortal remains were. interred at Millersville. Thev were the par- ents of eight children, born in the following order: Levi, now of Reading, Pa. ; Henry B. ; Martin, a merchant in Nebraska ; Adeline, wife of Emanuel Lehr, of Millersville, Pa. ; Jacob, deceased ; Mary, deceased, was first married to Jacob Brenner, and next to Sebasten Nestile ; Rebecca, deceased wife of Christ Keller ; and Catherine, deceased wife of Christ Hartman. On Feb. 14, T856, Henry B. Immel married Cath- erine Stanflfer, who was born in Manor township in October, 1833, daughter of John and Elizabeth ( Wit- mer) Stauffer. John Staufifer was a distiller in his younger days, then became a farmer, and finally re- tired from active life. Henry B. Immel is a consist- ent member of the German Reformed Church, and in politics is a Republican. Henry S. Immel worked in his father's blacksmith shop, off and on, until he had attained his majority, but in the meantime, when but seventeen years of age, had begun learning cigar making and tobacco rais- ing, and finally engaged in business for himself in that line in Millersville, where he had resided for thirty years. After five years' experience in the cigar trade in that town, he came to Mountville, and es- tablished his present extensive business. He has since erected a large factory where he manufactures his cigars. On Sept. 16, 1884, Henry S. Immel was joined marriage, in Mountville, to Anna Shookers, and to this union have been born two children, Elizabeth May and Luella. Mrs.. Anna (Shookers) Immel is a native of Mountville, a daughter of Henry and Elizabeth Shookers, well known residents of the town. Mr. and Mrs. Immel are members of the U. B. Church, and fraternally Mr. Immel is a Knight Templar Mason, belonging to Commandery No. 43, Lancaster ; a Knight of Malta ; and a member of the O. U. A. M. Politically he is a Republican. In 1890 he purchased his residence property in Mountville, and has one of the pleasant homes of that village. SAMUEL B. KOSER, M. D., a rising young physician and surgeon at Mountville, Lancaster county, was born at Junction, Penn township, Lan- caster Co., Pa., April 28, 1866, and is a son of Will- iam and Mary A. (Behn) Koser, natives, respect- ively, of Lancaster arid Dauphin counties. William Koser was born in 1836, and was reared a farmer. The family Kved in Lancaster township, where Mrs. Koser died June 4, 1897, at the age of sixty-four years, and in 1899 the father retired to Lancaster, where he lives at ease and free from care. To the marriage of William and Mary A. Koser were born seven children, in the following order : . Eliza- beth, wife of Timlow Long, a shoe merchant of Lan- caster; Samuel B.; John B., deceased; William, a farmer on the old homestead in Manheim township ; Jonas, a cigar manufacturer in Lancaster ; Mary, re- siding with her sister, Mrs: Long ; and Martin, also a cigarmaker in Lancaster. The paternal grandparents of Dr. Koser were Frederick and Rebecca (Young) Koser, of Lancaster county, the former of whom, a farmer, died in Man- heim m 1872, and the latter still resides there, l-rederick was a son of Frederick, a native of Switz- erlancl, who settled near White Oak, Lancaster coun- ^^■j l^v ^°'^,toi"'s maternal grandparents were John and Elizabeth Behn, of Campbelltown, Lebanon Co., Pa., where they lived on a farm for more than forty years. _ Samuel B. Koser lived on the home farm until sixteen years old, and then attended Millersville Nor- 4^^^1±:^i^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 745 mal School two seasons. He was then employed in the drug business in Columbia, Pa., for five years, and was later engaged in the same business for two years in Baltimore, Md. In the meantime he had teen assiduously studying medical works, and had prepared himself for entrance to Baltimore Medical College, in which he took a full course, and was graduated with the class of April 15, 1891. Dr. Koser began the practice of his profession in Columbia, where for six months he met with grati- fying success, but there was a more inviting field opened up to him in Mountville, of which he at once availed himself, and has there since enjoyed a large remunerative and constantly increasing patronage. The Doctor is a member of the Lancaster City and County Medical Societies, the State Medical Society, the National Medical Association, and the College of Physicians & Surgeons, of Columbia, Pa., and keeps well abreast of the progress made in the art and sci- ence of medicine. Fraternally Dr. Koser is a Freemason of the seventh degree (Royal Arch) ; is a member of the K. of M., and likewise of the I. O. O. F. Re- ligiously he is a member of Trinity Reformed Church. In politics a Republican, the Doctor has been a school director for the past eight years, now serving his third term. Socially he mingles with the highest classes in Mountville, by whom he is highly esteemed as a gentleman and as a physician. REUBEN J. MYERS, Superintendent, and a member of the firm, of the Grey Iron Casting Co., of Mt: Joy, Pa., one of the most important industrial institutions in this part of Lancaster county, belongs to an old and prominent family of Pennsylvania. Jacob and Esther (Strickler) Myers, the paternal grandparents of Reuben J. Myers, were well-known and highly regarded residents of Lancaster county, where the former taught school and also followed the trade of stone-mason, residing in the house in Mt. Joy which is now occupied by the beloved mother of our subject. These good people reared a large and estimable family, but nearly all have passed away. These were : Eliza, who died unmarried ; Mary, de- ceased wife of David Stoner ; Henry, deceased ; Ja- cob, deceased ; Anna, deceased wife of Augustus AValton; Esther, deceased wife of Henry Zell; and Catherine, widow of Thomas McFalls, who resided in Quincy, 111., until her death in July, 1901. The maternal grandparents of Reuben J. Myers were no less prominent in Lancaster county, and were Isaac and Anna (Martin) Hershey, of Penn and Rapho townships, respectively, who died in Mt. Joy borough and East Donegal township. Their children were : Fanny, who married Jacob Myers ; John, living retired; Eliza, deceased, who mar- ried Daniel Lehman; Andrew, living retired; Ephraim, deceased; Christian, deceased; Anna, the widow of Frederick Stettler, of Jersey City, N. J. ; George, a retired farmer of Iowa ; Reuben, a resident of Illinois ; Sarah, who married Reuben Risser, who conducts a steam laundry in Mt. Joy; and Naomi, who married Ely Fletcher, a retired Illinois farmer. The maternal great-grandparents were Christian and Elizabeth (Snyder) Hershey, the former a son of Christian Hershey, an old settler of Lancaster county. Reuben J. Myers was born in Mt. Joy Aug. 9, 1854, son of Jacob and Fanny (Hershey) Myers, the former of whom followed the. business of cabinet- making in this locality until his death in 1869, at the age of fifty-one. During life he was prominently identified with the temperance movement and was a consistent member of the Church of God, known as the Bethel. Mrs. Fanny (Hershey) Myers, who resides in Mt. Joy, was born July 30, 1821, and be- came the mother of these children : Regina, a suc- cessful educator in the Mt. Joy schools ; Emma, the widow of John Singer of Mt. Joy; Hershey, who died in 1871 ; Mary, the wife of J. D. Boyce, a wagon- maker of this place ; Reuben J. ; Ezra M., yardmaster for the Pennsylvania railroad, in Philadelphia; Al- len, a contractor and builder, in Lincoln, Neb. ; and Harvey, a baggage master on the Pennsylvania rail- road, and located in Philadelphia. Reuben J. Myers, whose name in Mt. Joy stands for great business sagacity as well as financial re- sponsibility, was reared and educated in that town, finishing his school days at the age of fourteen. With inclinations in the direction of machinery and iron work, he entered a foundry wh^re he remained some time, and then made his way to Harrisburg, in 1870 completing his instruction in one of the great foun- dries of this city, and remaining engaged in work un- til the spring of 1871. Thoroughly proficient and well aware that this proficiency would always secure him lucrative employment, Mr. Myers left home, in- tending to see something of the country, and traveled from the Atlantic to the Pacific, working at his trade, and learning much which in later years benefited him in many ways. In 1874 he returned to Mt. Joy, and there remained during the succeeding two years, thence going to New York city, where for five years he was connected with business firms in his line. LTpon his second return to his old home, he opened up a foundry and galvanizing plant, which he suc- cessfully operated until 1892, when he became a member of the great firm of the Grey Iron Casting Co. This business was established in 1882 by Stauf- f er & Eby, for the manufacture of novelties and cast- ings, also shelf hardware, and, as now conducted, employs 120 men, and is one of the most important industries of this locality. The present firm which is composed of the well-known solid and responsible business men, T. B. Himes, president; J. W. Eshle- man, secretary and treasurer; and R. J. Myers, su- perintendent. They purchased this business in Feb- ruary, 1891, and have conducted it ever since with signal success. In December, 1879, Reuben J. Myers was mar- ried to Miss Helen Brennesholtz, and to this union have been born : Edith, Ralph and Ethel. Mrs. Myers was born in Brooklyn, N. Y., in 1859, a daughter of 746 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Peter P. and Helen (Johnson) Brennesholtz, who were residents of New York, where he conducted a business as newsdealer. The political affiliations of Mr. Myers are with the Republican party, although his busy life leaves him no time for office-holding. Fraternally he is a valued member of the Masonic or- der, and is connected with the F. & A. M., No. 147, Cope Stone, N. J. ; and he also belongs to the I. O. O. F., No. 277, of Mt. Joy. For many years he has been a consistent member of the Bethel Church, where he is active in all benevolent and charitable enterprises. iMIr. Myers is a self-m.ade man, and one who has won his prominence and the respect and esteem of the community through his own efforts. HARRY K. RUBY, one of the best known and most highly respected railroad conductors residing in Columbia, Pa., was born in York, this State. March I, 1858, a son of Joseph and Sarah (Barnhart) Ruby, natives of Somerset and York, respectively. Joseph P.uby, a cabinetmaker by trade, who •served as constable for several years, was born Jan. 20, 1809, and died in York, Dec. 11, 1871. His wife, Sarah Barnhart, was born April 19, 181 1, and died Nov. 23, 1895, the remains of both being interred in the York cemetery. She was a loving wife and de- voted mother, and for seventy long years was a con- sistent member of the Presbyterian Church. At the time of her death her eldest child was sixty-five years of age, and the youngest thirty-seven. During her girlhood she was one of several young ladies, who, dressed in white, received General LaFayette on his last visit to this country, and had the honor of shak- ing hands with that distinguished gentleman when he passed through York. Harry K. Ruby is the youngest in a family of nine children. The others in order of birth are as fol- lows: William, editor of the Maryland Journal at Towson, Md. ; Susan, who married Henry R. Ruby, a cousin, and is now a widow living in Chambers- burg, Pa. ; Adeline, widow of J. S. Boyer and a res- ident of York ; Frank, a conductor on the Pennsyl- vania railroad and a resident of Columbia; Walter, who is now conducting a restaurant in York ; Emma, wife of a Mr. Gingrick, a railroad engineer of Phila- delphia; Emerson, a railroad engineer of Chicago, ni. ; and Kate, wife of Harry Flayhart of Towson, Maryland. Until he attained his majority Harry K. Ruby_ re- mained a resident of York, Pa., and in the meantime worked at anything which he could find to do. He then went to Philadelphia, where he clerked in a grocery store for six months, and during the fol- lowing two years worked in the Chicago & Eastern Illinois railroad freight house at Chicago, after which he returned to Pennsylvania and spent one year in Harrisburg. Since then he has made his home in Cokimbia, and has been in the employ of the Penn- sylvania Railroad Co., first as brakeman eight years, as fl?ip-man fourteen years, and as conductor since that time. In Chicago Mr. Ruby was married, Nov. 16, 1879, to Miss Catherine Westhaffer, a native of York county. Pa., where her parents, Emanuel and Sarah ( Strine) Westhaffer, were also born, their early home being in Strinestown. The father, a farmer by occu- pation, is now sixty-five years of age, while the mother is fifty-nine. Mrs. Ruby is the oldest of their children, the others being Emma, wife of Will- iam Wise, of York; Daniel, deceased; and Minnie, wife of Frank Deamer of Lebanon, Pa. Mr. and Mrs. Ruby have four children, namely : Maud, now the wife of Clarence E. Lloyd of Columbia ; Joseph; Harry and Addie, all at home. Fraternally Mr. Ruby is a member of the Brother- hood of Railroad Trainmen; the Pennsylvania Re- lief Department; and the Junior Order of United American Mechanics, and religiously he is a mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church. By his bal- lot he supports the men and measures of the Demo- cratic party, and never withholds his aid from any enterprise which he believes will prove of public benefit. JOHN H. HOOK, who is a prominent citizen of Lancaster, Pa., and one who has long been identified with the material improvement and growth of the city, was born April 5, 1858, in Lancaster, a son of John and Catherine (Klaus) Hook, natives of Greiss, Gross-Gerau, Hessen Darmstadt, Germany, although they met and were married in Lancaster, Pa. John Hook emigrated to America in 1831, while the date of his wife's emigration was one year later. They have their pleasant home in Lancaster, where he is employed as a stone-mason and stone- cutter. He was born in October, 1823, a son of Ja- cob and Christiana Hook, natives of Hessen Darm- stadt, Germany, the former of whom was born on April 14, 1804, came to America in 1831, and died March 2, 1871. Mrs. Christiana Hook died in Ger- many, in 1850, aged fifty-six years, four months and twenty days. Mrs. Catherine (Klaus) Hook was a daughter of Ernest and Margaret Klaus, of Drei- burg, Hessen Darmstadt, Germany, who came to Lancaster county, in 1834, where lie died, and was buried at Strasburg, Pa. John and Catherine (Klaus) Hook are members of the German Lutheran Church. In politics he is a supporter of the Democratic party. They had born to them these children : John H. ; Elizabeth, who married Frank Witmer, of Lancaster ; Henrjr, vvho resides at home, unmarried ; Adam P., who died of yellow fever in Havana ; Catherine, who married William Zercher, a tobacco merchant of Lan- caster ; Frederick, who is a barber ; and William F., unmarried, who lives at home. John H. Hook was reared in a home where he was early taught the value of industry. Until be was thirteen years of age, he attended school and then be- came water boy on the railroad, retaining his con- nection with railroad work, from 1871, when he made this humble beginning, until 1898, when he quit the road. From 1884 to 1889 he was master stoner BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 747 mason for the Frederick Division of the Pennsyl- vania Railroad Co. In October, 1889, he made his beginning in contracting with J. F. Kellar and until his health failed, in June, 1898, he continued at that work. During that time Mr. Hook was engaged in building and contracting on a large scale, in Lancas- ter City, and in 1898, in association with Dr. M. L. Davis, began the building of garbage crematories, and in 1898 built a 100-ton crematory for the United States Government at Havana, Cuba. It would be a task to name all the work which has been completed by Mr. Hook in the building line, but a few of the notable constructions are: No. 13 bridge over the Juniata River, near Altoona, Pa., containing 10,700 cubic yards of masonry, built at a cost of $107,000, on the Middle Division of the Pennsylvania Railroad, and for the same, a bridge over Stone Creek, at Huntingdon, Pa., containing 4,000 cubic yards of masonry; also a bridge for the same over Shaver's Creek, at Petersburg, Huntingdon Co., Pa., contain- Jiig 3>500 yards of masonry. ■ It was at this point that Mr. Hook was stricken with paralysis, the heavy demands made upon his physical strength being more that he could endure. His present business includes contracting and grading, and probably there is no more competent man in his line in Lancaster county. In September, 1884, Mr. Hook was united in marriage with Mary E. Boud, who was born at Bar- ren Hill, Montgomery Co., Pa., a daughter of James and Sarah (Fisher) Boud, natives of that county. The former was a son of James and Elizabeth Boud, natives of New Jersey. Mrs. Hook's father was a contractor and builder, and he died in 1879, at the age of sixty-seven years. Her grandfather was a cooper. The maternal grandparents of Mrs. Hook were George and Elizabeth Fisher, farming people of Montgomery county. Mrs. Hook's mother was born in January, 1821, and now resides at Audubon, Pa. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Boud were : William H., who keeps a hotel at Audubon; Kate F., who married Clinton Custer, and lives at Audubon, where he is engaged in brick manufacturing; Mary E., who became Mrs. Plook; and Margaret, who died unmarried. The children born to Mr. Hook and wife were: Adam, deceased; Henry B. ; Irene M.; Josephine ; Mary E. L. ;John F. ; and Paul R. Mr. Hook has led too busy a life to have taken a very active part in politics, although no citizen of this locality is better qualified. For six years he consented to be judge of elections, but finally re- signed the office. Until fhe silver question agitated the Democratic party, he had always adhered to its principles, but since that time, has been identified with the Republican party. For the past twenty- three years he has been an Odd Fellow, and also be- longs to the order of Seven Wise Men. Mr. Hook v/as reared in the Lutheran Church, and is a most liberal contributor to its support, his family being regular attendants on its services and active in its work. Although somewhat hampered by ill-health, Mr. Hook has retained in a very remarkable degree his energy, and still is the active and intelligent head of his business. It is to Mr. Hook that the city is indebt- ed for the very satisfactory electric plant, erected at Slack Water, which supplies Lancaster with its light. He is also president of the South Mountain Kaolin Co., capitalized at $250,000, and president of the Cline Stock Car Co., capitalized at $100,000. Mr. Hook is one of the reliable, energetic and progressive citizens, who leave worthy monuments behind them, when called from life, and who can be but illy spared. He enjoys the esteem and confidence of his fellow- citizens, and also has a large circle of personal friends. HENRY W. GIBSON, secretary of the Y. M. C. A., at Lancaster, has done such a noble work for the uplifting of the men and boys of his native city, that his name is entitled to most honorable mention on these pages devoted to the notable men of this community. He comes from an old family in this county, and is in direct descent from the Gibsons who were early settlers in Lancaster county, so early that Gibson's Corners has a history that runs back farther than the establishment and naming of the city of Lancaster. The Gibsons came from Ireland, and the great-grandfather of Henry W., with two brothers made his appearance here at a very early day. His wife died when our subject was about ten years old. Their son, Michael Gibson, married Mary Shertz, who died a few years ago. John Gibson, the father of Henry W., was a car- penter in Lancaster, and he married Rebecca J. Mc- "Cann, of York county. Pa. From this union three children were borij : Henry W., of Lancaster ; Sadie J., the wife of David J. Dailey, cigar manufacturer ; and John, who died in infancy. Henry W. Gibson was born in Lancaster, Oct. 21, 1867, and obtained his education in the city schools. Leaving school at the age of twelve years he entered a shoe store, where he remained four years, and then secured another engagement with a second shoe store, where he was employed three years. His next move was to Harrisburg, where he began work as an assistant secretary of the Harrisburg Y. M. C. A. ; after a year he went to Chambersburg, where he was called to fill the office of secretary of the local association. There he spent a year and a half, and on Sept. I, 1891, came to Lancaster, to assume the office of secretary of the Lancaster Association, and to be- come the organist of the First Presbyterian Church. He remained in charge of the organ until 1897, when the increasing duties of the Association work de- manded all his time. Mr. Gibson is still singing in the choir, and is noted as one of the finest tenors in this city; he is also director of the Amphion male quartette, whose work is confined to classical music, and whose services are in much demand abroad. This organization, which took shape as late as 1898, large- ly through the work of Mr. Gibson, has already won an enviable reputation. The church, the Sunday 748 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY School and the Association are his world, and music is his recreation and delight. When only twelve years old he was given charge of the organ at the Memorial Presbyterian Church, and for eight years officiated there. Mr. Gibson may be said to have two hobbies, boys and music. When he began his work in Lancaster, there were only five young men who were paid-up members of the Association ; now there are 667. The library has been largely increased; the old building was enlarged and remodeled, and the new and mag- nificent building at North Queen and Orange streets erected, at a cost of $200,000, by the tireless worker and enthusiastic Secretary, whom the people have learned to love. Mr. Gibson effected the organiza- tion of the Junior branch, and this may be said to be a pioneer in the field. Secretary Gibson is in de- mand in other cities to speak on various phases of his successful work, and he has managed and accompa- nied six camps of Juniors and Seniors at Sheibley's Grove, and at Mt. Gretna, with never an accident to mar the joy of these gatherings. In the summer of 1900 at Mt. Gretna, Mr. Gibson presided over a tri- state camp, which was named "Camp Shand," after the beloved president of the Y. M. C. A., with 114 representatives present from Philadelphia, New Jer- sey and New York. In addition to all this Mr. Gib- son is the assistant to the Chancellor; and a director, of the Pennsylvania Chautauqua, whose summer .school is held at Mt. Gretna, Pennsylvania. FREELAND L. DENLINGER, who occupies the old home farm of his father in East Lampeter township, was born there March 23, 1865, son of John L. Denlinger. , Jacob Denlinger, the grandfather of our subject, was also a native of Lancaster county. He was a carpenter and builder by trade, but in the latter part of his life followed farming in East Lampeter. In ■ his religions connection he was a member of the Re- formed Mennonite Church. He married Miss Mary Landis, by whom he became the father of seven chil- dren, namely : Anna, deceased wife of David Weav- er; Martha, wife of Joseph Swartley, of Ohio; John L., deceased, mentioned below; Benjamin L., de- ceased, of East Lampeter; Jacob, of Ohio; David, of Salunga, Pa. ; and Mary, deceased wife of George Wisler. John L. Denlinger was born in East Lampeter township in 1824, and he began farming in early life, continuing same until his death, which occurred in 1886. He married Miss Elizabeth Harnish, and they were the parents of seven children : Mary A., wife of Cyrus Weaver ; Naomi, who died in infancy ; Flam H., of Lancaster City ; Frank, who died in his twen- ty-first year; Jacob, who died aged thirty-seven years ; Freeland L., our subject; and Miss Lizzie F., unmarried, of Lancaster City. Freeland L. Denlinger was educated in the public schools, and lived at home until he was twenty-one years of age, when he began life for himself, farm- ing one year on the farm of Mrs. Elizabeth Fralish. Then his father died, and he inherited the home farm, on which he now resides, and where he has continued farming ever since. He takes a deep interest in the general welfare of the community in which he re- sides. On Nov, 24, 1885, Mr. Denlinger wedded Miss Amanda Fralish, daughter of David and Elizabeth Fralish, and to this union have been born two chil- dren, J. Cletus, Nov. 27, 1887 ; and Miriam E., March 27, 1894. DANIEL H. DENLINGER. The Denlinger family is of Swiss extraction, but has long been dom- iciled in Lancaster county. Daniel H. Denlinger was born in Leacock township May 23, 1855, son of Daniel and Margaret (Hershey) Denlinger, natives, respectively, of Paradise and Salisbury townships. Daniel Denlinger, the father, was a prominent and successful farmer. In his early manhood he was a miller, operating in Salisbury township what is now known as Hunsecker's mill. During the last fifteen years of his life he lived retired from active farm labors. He died in 1884, aged sixty-nine years, and is buried in Hershey's Mennonite cemetery. His widow, the mother of Daniel H., survives and is a resident of Leacock township. Daniel H. Denlinger remained on the home farm until his marriage in Leacock township, in October, 1878, to Miss Anna M. Kreider, who was born in that township in 18G0, and who died July 19, 1882, aged twenty-two years, leaving two children, Anna E., who married Landis O. Brackbill, of Gap, Lan- caster county ; and John K., who lives at Coatesville, Pa. For his second wife, Daniel H. Denlinger mar- ried, Jan. 30, 1884, Fanny K. Landis, who was born in East Hempfield township. May 9, 1858; daughter of Rev. John B. and Anna (Kreider) Landis, of East Lampeter township, and granddaughter of Abraham and Elizabeth (Brenneman) Landis, of Lancaster county, and of Jacob Kreider, of Lancaster county. Rev. John B. Landis has been a Mennonite minis- ter for the past fifty-two years. He was born March 10, 1819, and retired from active farming in 1871. He is a man of prominence ajid unusual mental vigor. His wife died in 1880, aged sixty years and twenty- four days, and is buried in East Petersburg Mennon- ite cemetery. To Rev. John B. and Anna (Kreider) Landis were born children as follows: Elizabeth, who married Israel F. R6ot, and is now deceased; Mariah, widow of Martin P. Swarr, of East Hemp- field township : Anna, wife of Christ F. Charles, a farmer of Rapho township ; Catherine, wife of Ben- jamin F. Charles, a farmer of East Hempfield town- ship ; Hettie, wife of John M. Denlinger, a farmer of Manor township ; Fanny K., wife of Daniel H. Den- linger, subject of this sketch; and Jacob A., of Los Angeles, CaHfornia. To Daniel H. and Fanny K. (Landis) DenHnger have been born five children, namely: LilHe L., BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 749 Daniel L., Fanny M., Margaret R. and Jacob L., all at home. Following his marriage in 1878, Mr. Denlinger settled upon his farm of 115 acres in Salisbury town- ship, which he still occupies. He is a successful and progressive farmer and one of the prominent citizens of the township. For ten years he served as school director, and in various ways has demonstrated his enterprise and public spirit. In politics he is a Re- publican, and in religious affiliation himself and wife are active members of the Mennonite Church. AMOS H. HOFFMAN. Had the biographer the time and space it would be most interesting to compare the appearance of the land and the surround- ing conditions of life, with those of the present, when, many years ago. Christian Hoffman, the founder of the Hoffman family in Lancaster county, established here a saddlery business, upon the large farm of which he became the owner. It was during his youth that he located in East Hempfield township, and this locality has the honor of having been the home of a real inventor, the teamster whip, which he first invented and then manufactured in large numbers, being a successful article, and one which found ready sale, as at that time the volume of business in the way of transportation, was done along the highway, by teamsters. His religious connection was with the Lutheran Church, and for that time and locality, he was rated a very substantial man. His marriage uni- ted him to Magdalena Geezy, and they reared these children: Henry; Christian; John; Susan; Eman- uel ; Levi ; Magdalena, who married Michael Goch- nauer ; and Annie, who married A. Harlacher. Henry Hoffman, who purchased the home prop- erty, lying one mile east of Landisville, was born and reared on the place, his birth occurring in 1813, and his death, in 1894. Farming was his chief occupa- tion, in connection with the saddlery, succeeding to this business after his father's death. He did much to improve the land, as at the time he took charge of the property, much of the native forest still remained. In his political affiliations he was a Democrat, and although he took an active part in the deliberations of his party, he never consented to hold office. He was a member of the Mennonite Church. His inter- ment took place on the old homestead burying ground, where his parents long had slept. His wife, Elizabeth Hiestand, was born in 1824, a daughter of Christian Hiestand, of Landisville; she died in 1896, the mother of the following children : Chris- tian, a farmer and produce dealer, of East Hempfield ; Annie, the wife of Benjamin Nolt, a prominent mil- ler and drover, of this township ; Levi, who died un- married, at the age of thirty-five ; Maggie, deceased wife of Jonas E. Witmer ; Lillie, deceased, who mar- ried F. L. Nissley ; Harry, who was connected with the establishment of Hager Bros., and died in Lan- caster, leaving a widow and one child; John, de- ceased; and Amos IT. Amos H. Hoffman, who resides on the old home- stead, was born Feb. 21, 1867, and was reared on this pleasant old farm, receiving his preparatory ed- ucation in the common schools, later becoming a student at the State Normal "school at Westchester, immediately after entering the profession of teacher, satisfactorily pursuing that for six sessions. About this time he received an appointment as U. S. store- keeper and gauger, and served in that capacity in the Ninth Revenue district for four years, resigning the position, however, to take charge of the homestead farm he had purchased in 1895, since which time he has engaged in farming rather extensively. Mr. Hoffman has been an active member of the Democratic party, has served on the County commit- tee and has been a frequent delegate to Democratic county and State conventions. On Dec. 20, 1896, M^r. Hoffman married Les- tella M. Foust, a daughter of William Foust, a well- known distiller, of York county, and to this marriage two children, Ruth and William have been born. The Hoffman family is one of the most highly respected in the county, and Amos H. Hoffman is a worthy rep- resentative of it. BENJAMIN BARR, a paper-hanger and water- color decorator, of Lancaster, was born Feb. 2, 1872, on his father's farm, in Pequea township. He served his apprenticeship with J. B. Martin, beginning in August, 1888, and he has remained with the same employer ever since, ha-ving taken up the work as a master workman on the completion of his apprentice- ship service. In April, 1897, Mr. Barr married Miss Sue Dief- enbach, who was born in Erie, Pa., a daughter of John Diefenbach, a railroad engineer who was killed while on duty in Kentucky, in 1885. Mr. Barr pur- chased his present home, No. 212 South Ann street, three months after his marriage — a substantial in- dication of his industry and thrift. His political affil- iations are Republican, and his social with the Knights of Pythias, and his fine qualities are appre- ciated at home and afar; John Barr, now deceased, the father of Benjamin, was a farmer. He was born in Pequea Nov. 10, 1813, and died there on his farm, Feb. 13, i884,^and his remains are buried in the cemetery in Pequea. He was married in Lancaster in i860 to Elizabeth Good, and the following is a list of their children in addition to Benjamin, above mentioned: Maurice, who died at the age of four years ; John, living with his mother ; Aaron, who died at the age of nine ; Maurice (2), now an engineer living in St. Louis, Mo. ; Lizzie, now of Steelton, Pa., and the wife of Frank Loy, by whom she has two children ; and Abraham, now at home with his mother. Mr. Barr, tlie father of this family, was brought up to farming and tanning, under his own father, who in 1841, re- tired in his favor, the successor then being twenty- eight years of age. Thenceforward until his death he continued both industries, a period of over forty years, and achieved a competency for his family. 760 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY leaving it prominent in the community, prosperous and comfortable. He was always a liberal supporter of the church, but not a member, and he could never be induced to accept political office. His widow sold the farm and tannery, and moved to Lancaster in April, 1888. She was born in February, 1837, in Martic township, daughter of John and Fannie (Mil- ler) Good. Her father was a farmer who died in 1884, at the age of eighty-two; her mother having preceded him in 1881, aged seventy-five. Both were members of the Old Mennonite Church, and both are buried in tlie Byrland Church cemetery at Pequea. Their children besides Elizabeth, were as follows: Barbara married Abram Harnish, and both are de- ceased ; Jonas is now deceased ; Miss Fanny, of Lan- caster; Susan, now Mrs. Benjamin Martin, of Lan- caster; Miss Mary, of Lancaster; and L.eah, now Mrs. Samuel Rissel, wife of a retired farmer of Lancaster. Mrs. John Barr's grandparents were Jacob and Barbara (Shenck) Good, farmers of Lan- caster. Benjamin Barr's grandfather was also Benjamin Barr; his grandmother, Barbara (Miller) Barr; and they were both of Lancaster county. We have al- ready told that this Benjamin Barr passed his farm- ing and tanning business on to his son John, and re- tired in 1841. He was a man of prominence in the community, and was well-to-do. He and his wife were both members of the Mennonite Church. Their sons and daughters were : John, already mentioned ; Fanny, who died unmarried at the age of seventy- three; Eliza, deceased wife of Benjamin Snavely; and Benjamin, a farmer of Landisville, this county. HENRY RESSLER. For many years the mill- ing interests of one section of Lancaster county, have been efficiently looked after by members of the Ress- ler family, and that name is known far and wide for excellent and satisfactory work. Henry Ressler, the owner and operator of one of the most complete and best conducted mills in this part of the county, in- herited from his father a great faculty for, and un- derstanding of, the business, and he is regarded as an authority on the subject. Henry Ressler was born in Upper Leacock town- ship, Jan. 9, 1870, son of William and Mary (Mar- tin) Ressler, the former of whom was a native of Berlcs county and was born in 1819. When he first decided to leave home, in order to learn a trade, Will- iam Ressler chose that of shoemaking and became apprenticed to a local cobbler, but later resigned the position to an older brother and went to learn the milling business with David Ressler, at what is now known as Rupp's mill, on Conestoga creek, a short time later entering the employ of David Binkley, at Binkley's Bridge, and thus formed a friendship which lasted through the life of Mr. Binkley and had much to do with the shaping of some years of Mr. Ress- ler's career. After finishing his apprenticeship with this employer, he became his chief miller and re- mained with him for nine years. About this time occurred the marriage of William P^essler and following this event, he rented the mill which is now known as Zook's mill, on Cocalico creek, and this he operated for two years, and then engaged with Isaac Rohrer, in the management of what is now called Snaveley's mill, but before he had become thoroughly identified with the business here, David Binkley died, and in his will he requested that Mr. Ressler return and take charge of his mill proper- ty, to conduct until his youngest son had reached his majority. Some dissatisfaction arose, owing to a mis- understanding between Mr. Ressler and the eldest son of Mr. Binkley, and after seven years the former gave up the mill. Not long, however, could he remain out of his favorite business, and soon after this, he leased Frey's mill, on Lititz creek, this now being known as Kafroth's mill, where he remained for two years. Shortly before the expiration of his lease a desirable mill property near Lancaster came into the market, and of this Mr. Ressler became the owner, paying for this $20,000.50, but he never operated this mill, selling it, at the same figure, on the day of purchase, and on the same day, bought another mill property, in Upper Leacock townshp, for which he paid $20,000, and this is now known as the Ressler mill. Not being able to gain immediate possession of the property, he pursued farming for the following year. He died in 1892. His children were : Joel, of whom nothing is known ; Jacob K., the owner and operator of the Ressler mill, who mar- ried, Dec. 2T, 1881, Annie M. Groff, a daughter of Levi Grofif, at one time a well-known distiller and large land owner ; Dora L. ; Lizzie, who married W. S. Reidenbaugh, of Lancaster; J. Light, a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania, and now a prac- ticing physician of Bird-in-Hand ; Henry ; and Mary, wife of Samuel Herr, residing at Bird-in-Hand. Henry Ressler lived upon the farm until he at- tained his majority, and his first business venture, when he was between nineteen and twenty-two years of age, was in the auctioneer business, and he became well and favorably known through the township in that capacity. However, the milling instinct was but dormant, for, in 1894, he began operations in the family business, in that year purchasing what is known as the Seldomridge mill, which he success- fully operated from April, 1895, to November of the same year, at which time he sold it to C. E. Seldom- ridge, who is the present owner. The following year Mr. Ressler passed quietly in Ephrata, but in the spring of 1896, he leased his present mill property, known as the Bushong mill, located on Mill creek, and on Oct. 4, 1899, became its owner. Here Mr. Ressler has an excellent grist and custom business and also here manufactures lumber. This desirable property includes thirty-five acres of fine land, and a commodious two-story brick residence. On Dec. 22, 1896,' Mr. Ressler wedded Miss Emma E. Ranck, a daughter of Rev. David W. Ranck, of West Earl township, and to this union one daughter, Emma E., was born, but Mr. Ressler was BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 751 bereaved by tlie deatb of his wife, Oct. 8, 1898. As a business man and practical miller, Mr. Ressler has gained the confidence of the community, and is one of the reliable and substantial citizens of East Lam- peter township. In politics he is a Republican, and in February, 1902, he was elected township auditor, succeeding Dr. A. N. Miller, who had held the office for thirty years. _ B. FRANK WALTER, the enterprising pro- prietor of a popular establishment at Christiana that is devoted to the sale of coal, lumber, fertilizers, and other goods in demand by the farming community, was born in Sadsbury township, Jan. 14, 1856, son of George H. and Hannah (Brown) Walter, natives of Chester county. In 1854 George H. Walter came to Lancaster county, and located in Sadsbury township. In early life he was a merchant in Russellville, but after ar- riving in Lancaster county he devoted, himself to farming. He became prominent in local affairs, and served as school director and as supervisor. Both he and his wife died in Sadsbury township in 1889, he at the age of eighty-one, and she at seventy-five, and they sleep in Bart Cemetery. Mrs. Walter was a member of the Society of Friends. They had the following family : Brinton, a resident of Christiana, is engaged in business in Parkesburg ; Jesse died in the army; Lydia married William L. Jackson, a farm of Christiana ; Mary married Francis Whitson, who is living retired in Christiana; Georgianna is deceased; Louisa married Dr. L. W. Pownall, of Altoona ; and B. Frank. The paternal grandparents of B. Frank Walter were Brinton and Mary Walter, of whom the former was a farmer and a hotel man in Chester county, near Avondale, and he died in 18 18, at the age of fifty years. The maternal grandparents of Mr. Wal- ter were Thomas and Hannah Brown, farming people of Chester county, who have entered into rest. B. Frank Walter was married in 1883, in Ches- ter county, to Sarah Linvill, by whom he has had the following family : Laura L., Maurice and Margaret. Mrs. Walter was born in Bart township, Lancaster county, in i860, daughter of Sylvester D. and Sarah Walker Linvill. Sylvester D. Linvill was a school teacher in his early life, and later a farmer. Mr. Walter lived with his parents until the age of twenty, when he engaged as assistant to his broth- er Brinton in the business, and so continued until 1892, in which year he purchased his brother's bus- iness, both wholesale and retail. Mr. Walter was elected borough councilman, and in February, 1901, was chosen president of the council. In his political views he is a Republican. In religion he is a mem- ber of the Society of Friends, and he lives an upright and consistent life. JOSEPH BARR McCASKEY, D. D. S., the oldest and most prominent practitioner of dentistry in Lancaster, whose commodious and comfortable office is located at No. 1 1 East King street, over the First National Bank, is one of the best-known men in Lancaster city and county. William McCaskey, father of the Doctor, owned and conducted a farm in Leacock township, this county, and in early manhood married Miss Marga- ret Piersol, who belonged to a well-known family of Compass, this county, near the Chester county line. To their union the following named children were born : J. P., Ph. D., the veteran principal of the Boys' High school, of Lancaster ; Joseph B., of this biography ; Kate, who is the wife of James H. Mar- shall, ex-postmaster, and now assistant postmaster, of Lancaster ; Col. William S., of the United States army, who entered the volunteer service at the age of seventeen years, distinguished himself during the war of the Rebellion, and since that time achiev- ing lasting fame as a soldier ; Cyrus D., in the Bal- timore & Ohio Railroad service; Maggie (deceased), who was the wife of Wellington Spoon, a passenger conductor on the Reading railroad ; and J. Newton, a dentist, now following his profession in H'arris- burg. Joseph B. McCaskey was born on his father's farm in Leacock township, this county, in 1839, passed his early boyhood days there and in 1843 came to Lancaster. Here he was educated in the public schools, finishing in the Boys' High School, and then began the study of dentistry, in 1854, his preceptor being Dr. William Whiteside, a soldier of the Civil war, who ranked high in his profession. About 1861 Dr. McCaskey went to Hanover, York county, practicing dentistry there for three years, at the end of which time he returned to Lancaster and opened up the office where he has remained ever since. Here he has enjoyed one of the largest and most substantial dental practices ever known in the county, and all these years has been a close student, never being satisfied with what he has already accomplished in his pro- fession, but ever striving after the mastery of the latest scientific methods and discoveries. No man has ever lived in the city who has enjoyed so high a reputation in his business, and he was the pioneer in introducing to people the idea that it is better to save than to remove teeth. His crown and bridge work is unexcelled, and his patrons are numbered among the best and most prominent people in the city and county. In 1857 Dr. McCaskey married Miss Fannie Con- nell, a daughter of the late Mark Connell, of Me- chanicsburg, this county, who was a prominent farmer and live stock dealer. This union was blessed with three children : Harry and Joseph B., Jr., both of whom are dentists, the latter being associated with his father: and Clothilda, at home. The family residence has been at No. 320 North Duke street for twenty-seven years. Dr. McCaskey comes of strong ancestry, being of Scotch-Irish stock of the Presbyterian faith, no- ted for their tenacity of purpose and their will 752 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY power, as well as their ability! Many of these traits have come down to him, and he has been called upon to occasionally make use of them. If the Doctor confesses to a fad it is for horses and tests of their speed, and many times has he been urged to act as judge of such trials, but he has refused. As an owner of many fine animals, and fond of many sports, he has done much toward elevating the amusements in his community, but he is not a sporting man, and only looks to racing as a mere agreeable pastime. The main business of his life still continues to be, as it has been in the past, the successful practice of dentistry. HARRY S. BEATES, one of the prosperous young farmers of East Donegal township, was born in West Donegal township March 4, 1872, a son of William Christopher and Barbara Anna (Myers) Beates, both of whom belonged to old Lancaster county families. Samuel Beates, his grandfather, was a son of Rev. William and Anna M. (Herst) Beates, of Phil- adelphia, who moved to Lancaster county, where Mr. Beates ministered in the Lutheran Church. .Samuel Beates had once been a drug merchant in Philadel- phia, and later engaged in the mercantile business in Lancaster, but he lived a retired life thirty years prior to his death, his last three years being spent in East Donegal township. He died in East Donegal township in June, 1889, at the age of sixty-seven. He married (first) Elizabeth Brenner, a daughter of Christopher and Elizabeth (Crider) Brenner, the former of whom was a farmer and hotel keeper in Lancaster. She died when her son, William Christo- pher, was but eighteen months old. Both Samuel Beates and his wife were buried in Woodward Hill cemetery, Lancaster. William Christopher Beates was born in Lancas- ter Sept. 9, 1847, and after the death of his young mother was taken to the home of his grandfather Beates, where he remained for thirteen years, and then went to work on a farm near Londonderry, in Dauphin county, where he continued for five years. By this time he was prepared to purchase a farm, and this he operated for the following five years, and rhen changed his residence to Lancaster county, and farmed in East Donegal township for twenty years. In 1894 he retired from active life and now resides in Marietta. In politics Mr. Beates voted with the R.epublican party, and in religious mattershe is an active member of the Lutheran Church, in which he is a trustee. In December, 1869, Mr. Beates was married to Barbara Ann Myers, and two children have been born to this union: Harry S., of this sketch; and Sarah, who married John D. Orth, a meat merchant of Marietta. Mrs. Beates was born in Dauphin county. Pa., July 30, 1844, a daughter of Henry and Sarah (Coble) Myers, of Lancaster coun- ty, but both died in Dauphin county, just over the line of separation, the father in 1890, aged eighty- six, the mother in 1848, aged thirty-five, and both were buried at Conewago, Lancaster county. They had lived irreproachable lives, consistent members- of the United Brethren and Dunkard Churches, Their children were : Christian, a resident of Run- ning Pump, in tliis county ; Eli, deceased ; Barbara ;. David, a carpenter, in Elizabethtown ; Catherine, who died young ; and Sarah, the wife of Harry Shoap, a farmer of Dauphin county. Henry Myers married second, Maria Zimmerman, who bore him two chil- dren: Simon, a machinist of Elizabethtown; and Ellen M., who married Ephraim D. Shenk, a farmer of Dauphin county. Harry S. Beates was brought by his parents to- the East Donegal farm when he was but two years old, and that was his home for many years. Farming was his chief occupation, and he has always been re- garded as one of the most promising and progressive among the younger agriculturists of this section. Mr. Beates was married first in January, 1894,. in Columbia, Pa., to Miss Frances Miller, a daugh- ter of Joseph Miller, of West Hempfield township. She was born there in 1871, and she died in 1897, and was buried in Silver Spring cemetery. On Jan. 28, 1898, at Oberlin, Pa., Mr. Beates wedded Miss Ellen S. Bishop, and to this union two interesting children have been born. Bertha and Alvin H. Mrs. Beates was born Sept. 6, 1872, at Oberlin, Dauphin county, a daughter of Jacob and Catherine (Metz) Bishop, farming people of that locality, the former born in 1833, and the latter in 1843. They both are members of the Lutheran faith, and are among the esteemed citizens of Oberlin. Their children arer Albert G., who resides on the old homestead ; Oliver C, who is the principal of the Oberlin Schools ; Ida B. ; Ellen S., Warren J., Katie E., Hiram E. and Norman D., all of these residing with their parents, with the exception of Mrs. Beates and Albert G., the latter having the old homestead, which is located one-half mile from where the family reside. The paternal grandparents were Peter and Catherine (Millicen) Bishop, of Lancaster county, who died in Dauphin county, having moved there following their marriage. The maternal grandparents were George and' Sarah (Fisher) Metz, of Dauphin county. Following the death of his first wife, Mr. Beates went to Marietta and worked for one year in a planing mill, in that place, but later returned to the farm, where the family enjoy every comfort of life and extend a generous hospitality to their numer- ous friends. The political faith of Mr. Beates is that of the Republican party, while his religious connec- tion is with the Lutheran church. JACOB STONER, the efficient treasurer of Lan- caster county, comes from old Mennonite ancestry who fled to this country at an early day, to escape bitter religious persecution in their native land. Jacob Stoner, his grandfather, was a farmer of Dauphin county. Pa., but removed to Lancaster county in middle life. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 753 Jacob Stoner, father of Jacob, was born in Dauphin county in 1804, and died in Manheitn town- ship, this county, in 1881. Susanna Funk, his wife, born in 1813, died in 1889. She was the daughter of a welI-l,tary Ann, who is the wife of John Weaver, of Terre- hill ; David, who is a farmer of Brecknock township ; Hettie, a cigar-maker ; Henry M., a farmer on the old homestead ; Peter, a bridge-builder in the West ; BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 755 Isaac, a farmer in this township ; and Lizzie, the wife of Samuel Zinn, a carpenter in Martindale. Henry M. Sandf;r, one of the prosperous and representative farmers of East Earl township, was born on the farm of his residence,- Oct. 13, 185 1, a son of Henry and Nancy (Miller) Sander. He obtained his education in the public schools, and at the age of twenty-three took charge of the old home- stead farm, containing nearly a hundred acres of fine land, and located one mile south of Terrehill. Some two years later, he purchased the old home- stead and has devoted much care, time and money, in making it one of the most attractive country homes in this locality. General farming has been carried on in progressive lines, with improved ma- chinery and his success has been very gratifying. On Nov. 19, 1874, Henry M. Sander was mar- ried to Mary M. Hershey, who was born Nov. 7, 1851, a daughter of Deacon John and Magdalina (Musser) Hershey, of Salisbury township. Three children have been born of this union: John H., born Feb. 10, 1876, married Fannie Zimmerman, and resides in Martindale, in this township, their three children being, ]\'Iary, Jacob and Francis ; Maggie, born July 2, 1879, is an accomplished seamstress and resides at home; and Annie, born Feb. 25, 1884, also lives at home. All the members of this family belong to the old Mennonite Church, and are very highly esteemed in this neighborhood. HON. HIRAM PEOPLES, ex-member of the House of Representatives of the State of Pennsyl- vania, and the proprietor of the most extensive fish hatcheries in this State, is a typical Pennsylvanian, and is known far and wide for his public spirit, his liberal promotion of all interests promising to be of lasting benefit to his State or locality, and for his progressive ideas along many lines. The home of Mr. Peoples is in the commodious and comfortable dwelling house at New Providence, this county, which was erected here by his father, John Peoples, and which was the scene of his birth, on Feb. 14', 1835. His grandfather was a native of Chester county, but lived in Martic township, Lan- caster county, for a considerable period retired from activity, and there he died prior to the birth of his grandson. John Peoples was also born in Chester county, but moved to Providence, Lancaster county, about 1822, where he became one of the most active and energetic men of his locality. In the building trade he was particularly active, erecting as additions to the village of New Providence, a large storehouse, four dwelling houses, a blacksmith and a wheel- wright shop and other structures, doing more in this line than any other man in the vicinity. John Peo- ples was prominent in public affairs in his communi- ty, faithfully served the county as director of the poor, and his efforts were always to be counted upon to assist in any public enterprise. He married Su- san Miller, thus connecting two honorable families. Their children included three sons and four daugh^ ters : Abner, Hiram, John M., Annie, Mary, Aman- da and Leah P., and of these, Annie married George Witmer ; Mary married John Rohrer ; Amanda mar- ried John Tweed ; and Leah P. married Dr. John K. Raub. Abner married Martha, the daughter of John Hess, of Strasburg township; John M. mar- ried Maggie Royer, of Pottstown, and he became professor of mathematics in the State Normal school at Lock Haven, Pa. The Miller family was one of the oldest in the State, its early settlers hav- ing been the founders of Millersville, which in after years became the seat of the widely known and justly celebrated State Normal School. Hiram Peoples, who for many years has been in the public eye, was carefully educated, receiving in- struction in the public schools of his district^ and later at White Hall Academy, going from there to the Millersville Normal school, where he attained distinction as an apt and appreciative student. After leaving the latter institution, he engaged in teach- ing for one term, but as he was gifted in a musical line, he decided to put his ability to practical use, and for a considerable time he instructed pupils in vocal music, and also taught both organ and violin. His attention was then engaged in the mercantile business, but later he took up agricultural pursuits, locating on the old homestead, and for more than thirty years this has been his delightful home. This farm comprises ninety acres of land, but it is not operated for the cultivation of grains or vegetable products alone, his energies having developed other possibilities which he has brought to be certainties. It was in 1881 that Mr. Peoples began the propa- gation of fish, introducing the German carp to this section, continuing its cultivation until 1900, since which time he has directed his efforts to the hatch- ing of black bass and gold fish, finding a ready and eager market all over the country. Philadelphia, Atlantic City, Reading and Lancaster are his nearest large consumers, but his business has far outgrown all local fines. Mr. Peoples owns the largest fish hatchery in the State, having twenty immense fish ponds on his estate, and it is from his fishing grounds that the State Fish Commission obtains its bass. It has required much business sagacity to inaugurate successfully and to conduct a business on these lines, and only a liberally educated man could have pros- pered as has Mr. Peoples. Both in public and pri- vate life he has shown his interest in this subject, in which he is most justly regarded as an authority, as well as a pioneer in this locality. Politically Mr. Peoples is a Republican, and he has long been an important factor in that party. For five terms he was honored by his fellow-citizens of Lancaster county with election to the House of Rep- resentatives, being chosen for his last two terms, practicallv without opposition, so great is his popu- larity. His first term began in 1877, his second in 18S1, his third in 1887 and his next in 1896, and he was re-elected in 1898, at the close of which term 756 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY he declined to be again a candidate for the coming election. During his long service, he was a member of many important committees, and chairman of three, notably the committees on Agriculture, on Roads, and on Game and Fish, and his efforts were instrumental in obtaining some very desirable legislation on these important matters. When the Fish Commission Bill was be- fore the Legislature, the attitude which Mr. Peo- ples took, attracted attention and much favorable comment all over this and other States. This was that the bill should provide more liberally for the management of fish culture, and less harshly in its prohibitory and protective features, advancing ar- guments and statistics in support of this position. Mr. Peoples was united in marriage with Miss Maria Brackbill, a daughter of the late John Brack- bill, who was a prominent farmer of Strasburg. She is a descendant of Hans Herr, who was the founder of the Herr family in the United States, one of the largest and most influential families of Lancaster county, prominent alike in agricultural and religious circles. Five children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Peoples, all of whom still survive: Capt. John B., the eldest, is the popular owner of the yacht the "Lady Gay," proprietor of "Peoples Bathing Resort," manager of the Woolworth Roof Garden, and he is also widely known in connection with the North- western Life Insurance Co. ; Ida S. married Dr. Charles E. Helm, of Bart township ; Angle Winona is at home ; Annie Ca-rlotta, who has inherited great musical gifts, is an artist on the violin, and resides at home; and Maria married Martin Rush, who was formerly a farmer, but who later became a leaf tobacco dealer of Willowstreet. This brief sketch but incompletely presents a few of the leading characteristics, interests and ac- complishments of a citizen of Lancaster county, who numbers among his friends and well wishers the ma- jority of those whom either the demands of business, the claims of public affairs, or the gentle amenities of social life have brought within his radius. Up- right, honest and public-spirited, his devotion to his locality is well known, and the people of Lancaster county point to him with pride as a representative citizen. REV. JACOB K. NEWCOMER, a devoted servant of his Master and earnest worker in the Mennonite Church, was born on a farm two miles south of Mountville, Oct. i8, 1832, a son of Jacob Newcomer and his wife, Barbara Kauffman. Jacob Newcomer, the father, was a native of Manor township, and died in 1861, at the age of sixty. As he was the eldest son at the death of his fa- ther, there entailed upon him grave responsibility and weighty care for one so young — he being then a lad of twelve years. It devolved upon him to as- sist his mother in the care of the farm, and he passed his life in the old homestead. He was a man of deep and earnest piety, and an active member of the Mennonite church, and for many years a deacon in that organization. His wife died in 1858. She was the mother of ten children, nine of whom reached the age of m.aturity. Elizabeth, the eldest, married Abraham Sanders and is deceased. Barbara died un- married. Christian was the husband of Elizabeth Mellinger, and he, too, has. died. Jacob K., the sub- ject of this brief biographical sketch, was the fourth child. Joseph, the next in the order of birth, is a farmer of JNIanor township ; he has been twice mar- ried, his first wife being Elizabeth Rohrer, and his second Elizabeth Seitz. Mary became the wife of Jacob Suavely. Catherine is the widow of Jacob Lindeman, of Manor. Abraham resides in the same township ; he married Mary Rutt. Isaac died a bachelor. Anna was taken away from earth in child- hood. Jacob K. Newcomer received his early education in the common schools, and passed his youth upon the paternal farm. At the early age of twenty-five he began farming on his own account, and is still erigaged in agricultural pursuits. His first farm em- braced one hundred acres, and to this he has added thirty-one. It has been occupied and cultivated by his son since 1885, in which year he removed to another farm — of fifty acres — also owned by him, and on which he still lives. In 1887 his home was destroyed by fire, and he at once erected a new and modern residence of handsome architectural appear- ance. He has thoroughly improved both properties. He also owns twenty-one acres in Manor township, formerly the property of his brother Christian — a part of the old homestead. Born of devout, God-fearing parents, and reared in the Christian faith from infancy, he early became imbued with an earnest desire to be actively identi- fied with church work. In 1884 he entered the Men- nonite ministry, and since then has labored earnest- ly among the churches of Habecker's, Masonville and Mountville. His Hfe also has been a living ser- mon by way of godly example, while he and his de- vout wife have reared their large family "in the fear and admonition of the Lord." Rev. Jacob K. Newcomer was married, Nov. ■25, 1856, to Anna Buchwalter, who was born May 30, 1838, near Safe Harbor, Lancaster county, daughter of Jacob and Fannie (Eschbauch)' Buch- walter, both of whom are deceased, each dying at the age of fifty-six years. This union has been blessed with twelve children, and their grandchildren num- ber twenty, (i) Aaron B., born March 12, 1858, died March i, 1899; he was a farmer, and married Elizabeth Witmer. (2) Susanna B., born Nov. 25, 1859, is the wife of Benjamin Shertzer, of Millers- ville. (2) Anna B., born June 28, 1861, married I-evi Brubaker, of New Danville. (4) John B., born Oct. 16, 1863, died in infancy. (5) Ehzabeth B. (Mrs. Henry Haverstick), of Washington borough, Lancaster county, was born Jan. 15, 1865. (6) Amanda B,, born Feb. 23, 1867, married Amos Mar- tin, of Manor township. (7) Ida B., born Jan. 31, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 757 1S69, is unmarried, arid lives with her parents. (8) Jacob B., born Jan. 27, 1871, is a prosperous farmer of Manor township ; he married Sallie Greider. (9) Catherine B., born March 27, 1873, died in her sev- •enteenth year, (10) Mary B., born Feb. 7, 1875, lives at home, unmarried. (11) Harvey, born June 30, 1877, died at the age of eighteen years. (12) Christian B., the youngest of the family, born Dec. 23, 1879, lives with his parents. REESE H. DAVIS, long time a resident of Terrehill, is one of the representative men of Lan- caster county, and belongs to one of the time-honored families of this section of the State. Isaac Davis, his grandfather, was a minister in the Albright Church, although he was reared a Pres- byterian. From him the Lancaster Davises are all •descended. Isaac Davis died in Caernavon township Jan. 5, 1838, at the age of eighty-three years and nine months. He was a farmer, and his home was in Earl township, in which he had very extensive real estate holdings, which have since been divided into three farms. In religion he was deeply interested, and was a local minister in the Albright Church. His wife, Lydia, died Oct. 5, 1821, at the age of six- ty-three years. They were blessed with a large fam- ily of children, of whom Richard, the father of Reese H., was one. Richard Davis was a farmer in early life, and was later engaged in a mercantile business, in con- nection with farming in Brecknock township, Lan- caster county, where he died. He was one of the leading Republicans of that part of the county, and held various local offices, such as member of the school board, and other positions. He was a liberal contributor to the churches, as well as to any project for the public good. He married Catherine (Strohm) Yundt, who by her first husband was the mother of three children: Harriet, who married Moses Wen- ger, is dead; Mary married Samuel Slick, and is dead; John died in Franklin coimty. To Mr. Davis she bore the. following children : Ann, born in 1818, and was the wife of Jacob Manderbosh, died in Ohio, May 15, i860; Isaac, born Jan. 23, 1821, died April 23, 1830; Henry, born Sept. 10, 1822, died April 10, 1853; "Richard,' born May 15, 1824, died Sept. 8, 1859, at Naperville, 111.; Lydia, born Oct. 21, 1825, is the deceased wife of John W. Oberholtzer ; Elmira C, born Sept. 18, 1829, died at the age of seventeen ; Reese H., whose name appears at the opening of this article, was born Feb. 5, 1828 ; and Samuel B., born Jan. I, 1832, is retired, and has his home in Terre- hill. The father died Oct. 10, 1861, at the age of seventy-two years and six months. His widow passed' to her rest March 31, 1868. He was a suc- cessful man, and became one of the most prominent citizens of his native county. Reese H. Davis was reared on the farm, and edu- cated in the common schools. When a lad well in his teens, he learned the carpenter trade, following it, however, only a short time, and about the time he attained his majority, in company with his broth- er, Richard N., he became engaged in stock dealing, handling horses and cattle for some five or six years. After this the two brothers went into Illinois, but sickness, however, compelled Reese H. to return to Lancaster county, and to go from this State to Cali- fornia via the Isthmus route. He spent some five years in that State, prospecting and conducting a stock ranch. His career in the Golden West was not devoid of the discomforts that attended the pioneer life of the early days, and among other dangers and perils, he had several narrow escapes from the In- dians. Mr. Davis returned to Lancaster county a sec- ond time, where he married and located at Terre- hill. Here he became prominent locally, and served three years as supervisor, and three years as a mem- ber of the school board. He was engaged in a cigar manufacturing busmess at TerrehUl for some twenty years, and at one time employed as many as thirty or forty hands in his factory. Since his retirement from the cigar shop he has devoted himself to his private affairs, and to the discharge of his duties as director in the New Holland Bank. Mr. Davis was married, in 1863,. to Miss Mary Clime, a daughter of Abner Clime. To this union have come two children : ( i ) Dora, who died Aug. 14, 1866, at the age of one year and seven days. (2) Richard B., who was born Nov. 4, 1868, belongs to the firm of Davis & Watts, at Terrehill, where they are extensively engaged in the mercantile busi- ness ; he married Miss Margie Weaver, and is the father of two children : Mary and Reese H. Both Richard B. and his wife are members of the Evan- gelical Church, of Terrehill, he being one of its trustees. CHRISTIAN F. HOSTETTER, a highly es- teemed and prosperous farmer of the township of East Donegal, Lancaster county, was born in Man- heim township, Aug. 9, 1837, son of Christian (2) and Catharine' (Franck) Hostetter, who were born in the townships of East Donegal and Warwick, re- spectively. The history of the Hostetter family begins with Jacob Hostetter, a Swiss Mennonite, who arrived in the province of Pennsylvania with his wife Anna, in 171 2. They made a home on the north side of the Conestogai within the present limits of the city of Lancaster, where he died in 1761. They had the following children : Anna, who married John Bru- baker, and died in 1787, two years after her husband, John; Jacob, who died in Manor township in 1796; Barbara, who married Christ Hershey; Elizabeth, who married Christ Bomberger ; Abraham, who married Catherine Long; Margaret, who married John Kreider ; John, who married Elizabeth Shenk ; and Catherine, who died unmarried in Manor town- ship. John Hostetter, son of Jacob the immigrant, married Elizabeth Shenk, as above stated. They 758 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY became the parents of the following children : Jacob, who married Maria Bachman; Ann, the wife of Christ Kauffman ; John, who married Ann Kreider ; Barbara, the wife of Michael Kreider ; and Christian, the grandfather of our subject. Christian Hostetter, son of John, lived in East Donegal township, and there married Catherine Kreider, who died in May, 1844, aged seventy-five years. He died Nov. 20, 1847, ^t the age of eighty- two years, six months and eighteen days. They were both buried in Eberly Cemetery, Mt. Joy, Pa. Their children were: Michael, who married Catherine Kauffman ; Jacob, who married Anna StaufEer ; John; Christian (2), the father of our subject, who was married to Catharine Franck; Catherine, who married Jacob Newcomer; Anna, who married Henry Nissley, and on his death David Brubaker; and Benjamin, who married Elizabeth Heistand. Christian Ho^etter (2), son of Christian and father of Christian F., was born Feb. 19, 1805, and was a farmer by occupation. Fie died in Manheim township, Jan. 28, 1879. His wife, Catharine Franck, was born Sept. 2, 1807, a daughter of John and Maria (Bournage) Franck, farming people of Warwick township. She died Der. 20, 1886, and was buried in East Petersburg. Both Mr. and Mrs. Hostetter were members of the Mennonite Church, and were thoroughly honorable and- respectable peo- ple. The following children , were born to them': Michael, born in September, 1832, is a'retired farm- er in Penn township ; John is a carpenter in the city of Lancaster ; Christian F. ; Catherine is the widow of Isaac Stoner, Penn township ; Henry is living on the old Manheim township homestead; Benjamin, born May 15, 1844, died March 18, 1862; Anna married Joseph Gochnauer, a farmer in East Hempfield township ; and David is a farmer in' Man- heim township. Christian F. Hostetter, the subject proper of this sketch, remained with his parents until he reached the age of twenty-one years, when be began for him- self by working some time among the neighboring farmers, and was in Whiteside county. III, for about seventeen months. After this visit in the West he came back to Lancaster county and continued work- ing out among the farmers around him until after his marriage, when he came to his present place. Here his adult years have been spent, and here he is watching the shadows lengthen behind him, knowing that he has lived a good life, honest, manly and square with all. Never has he sought for show, place or power, but has been ever willing to stand in his own place, and to do the work given him. On Nov. 28, 1867, by Bishop John Brubaker, Christian F. Hostetter was united in marriage with Barbara K. Nissley. This union was blessed with one daughter, Catherine, who married Rohrer Sto- ner, who farms the home place ; they have had a bright little family, consisting of Ellen H., Ada H., Christian H., Mary H. (deceased), Esther H. and Isaac H. Mrs. Barbara K. (Nissley) Hostetter was born in her late home March 4, 1840, and there she died Sept. 16, 1888, aged forty-eight years, six months and twelve days, and her remains are now resting in the Graybill Meeting Flouse Cemetery in East Donegal township. Mrs. Hostetter was the daughter of the Rev. Peter and Catherine (Kreider) Nissley, the former a son of Christian and Anna (Snyder) Niss- ley. Rev. Peter Nissley was born July 22, 1802, and died Jan. 16, 1890, aged eighty-seven years, five months and twenty-four days. He was a farmer and Mennonite preacher, and moved to the present home of our subject in 1825, and passed the rest of his hfe there. His. wife, Catherine Kreider, born Sept. 28, 1809, died July 31, 1852. Both were buried in the Graybill Meeting Flouse cemetery. To Rev. Peter and Catherine Nissley were born the following chil- dren : Mar}', who married Solomon Schwartz, and is deceased; Esther, who cHed single; John K., de- ceased, who married Mariah Reist ; Leah, who mar ■ ried David L. Miller, a retired farmer of Mt. Joy bor- rough ; Christ W., who died unmarried ; Barbara K., Mrs. Hostetter ; Catherine K., who died unmarried ; and Anna K., who also died unmarried. I HENRY FISHER (deceased). The history of a community is made by the substantial, public- spirited citizens of that locality, and whenever a record is made, mention must consistently be made of those who, although no longer living, still speak in the memory of their deeds. Such a man was Henry Fisher, of Lancaster, who passed away in this city, Sept. II, 1879, and is now buried in Woodward Hill Cemetery. Henry Fisher was born May 2, 1825, in Gears- dorf, France, a son of John G. and Catherine E. (Helsel) Fisher, also of Gearsdorf, but who came to A,merica, in 1829, with their children, one of whom died on the voyage and was buried at sea. The other children were : George, of Hollidaysburg, Pa., de- ceased : Lewis, of York, Pa., deceased ; Michael, who died in Lancaster; Henry; and Charles, a tailor of Lancaster, Pa. The father died in 1847, aged six- ty-eight years, while the death of the mother oc- curred in 1872, when she was seventy-five years of age, and both are buried in Woodward Hill Ceme- tery. By occupation, the father was a tailor, and he taught his trade to all his sons. Henry Fisher was reared in Lancaster, Pa., and learned the trade of a tailor under his father, follow- ing this calling until he purchased a grocery store, and operated it until his death, being very success- ful in his enterprises, and gaining the respect and esteem of all with whom he had business relations. On Oct. 19, 1848, Mr. Fisher was united in mar- riage, by Rev. John C. Baker, in Lancaster, Pa., to Elizabeth Flood, born in that city, June 4, 1826, daughter of George and Anna (Messenger) Flood, of Ireland and Germany, respectively, who died when Mrs. Fisher was quite j'oung, and who were buried in Lancaster. The children born to Mr. and BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 759 Mrs. Flood were : Alexander, deceased ; Elizabeth, Mrs. Fisher; Mary,. now deceased, who was the wife of Rudolph Shultz, a now prominent cigar manu- facturer of the city; Margaret, deceased; and George, deceased. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Fisher were : Henry M., a printer of Lancas- ter, who married Susan C. Snyder; William F., of Lancaster, and George L. (married to Kate Steever), both engaged in the grocery business established by their father, under the firm name of Fisher Bros. ; and M-ary E., of Westchester, I'a., married to Frank P. Thomas, a printer. Mr. Fisher was a prominent member of all the Masonic bodies and of the order of Odd Fellows, and took an active part in these fraternities. In re- ligious matters he was a life-long and consistent member of Holy Trinity Lutheran Church. He al- ways took a deep interest in matters pertaining to the welfare of the city, serving at various times as a member of the city council and as school director. Mrs. Fisher resides in her pleasant home, with her son William, surrounded by the comforts of life, and looked up to and loved, not only by her children, but eight grandchildren and three great-grandchil- dren, as M''ell as the whole community, where she is recognized as a lady of high Christian character, a kind neighbor and a devoted mother and grand- mother. ROBERT A. SCOTT. Lancaster county num- bers among its citizens many influential and progres- sive farmers, and a good representative of this im- portant class is Robert A. Scott, of Little Britain township, who was born June 26, 1847, a- ^on of Robert and Martha J. (Gibson) Scott. Alexander Scott, great-grandfather of Robert A., was a native of Ireland, and was one of the first settlers of Little Britain township, where he pur- chased the home now owned by Robert A. Scott. Alexander' Scott, Jr., son of the emigrant, was reared to manhood on the farm in Little Britain township. Robert Scott, son of Alexander, Jr., and father of Robert A., was born on the old home farm in 1805, and followed farming as an occupation until his death in 1S82. He married Martha J. Gibson, who was born Sept. 5, 1816, and who passed away Aug. 19, 1900. Twelve children were born of this union, eight of whom reached mature years, as follows : Mary Ann, wife of Alexander Ewing, of Oxford, Pa. ; Eliza, who married Joseph Wood, of Erie, Pa., but is now deceased ; Martha J., wife of James Clen- denin, of Little Britain township ; Harriet G., who married J. L. Walker, of Little Britain township, and is now deceased ; Emma G., wife of Ellis Brown, of Little Britain township ; Robert A. ; Amelia, who married William Risk, of Drumore township; and Alice, wife of E. P- Housekeeper, of Fulton town- ship. Robert A. Scott was reared upon his father's farm, and attended the district school during the winter months, as did all farmer boys of his day. As he grew to manhood, he continued farming, and has made that calling his life work. The homestead, which he now owns, is a fine one, consisting of 150 acres, all of which is in an advanced state of cultiva- tion, and Mr. Scott has made many improvements. Thoroughly understanding his- business, Mr. Scott has made a success of farming, and is regarded as one of the substantial men of the township. On Sept. 2, 1874, Mr. Scott was married to Miss Mary G. Cauffman, a daughter of Christopher and Emeline (Gibson) Cauffman, of Fulton township. Mrs. Scott was born Sept. 2, 1853, and was one of a family of seven children born to her parents : Lena, wife of Jeremiah Haines, of Philadelphia ; Mary G, wife of Mr. Scott ; Ida, wife of Fred Paxson, of Britain township ; John, of Britain township ; Emma, wife of Amos Nesbitt, of Fulton township ; Fred, of Fulton township ; and William, also of Fulton town- ship. The parents of Mrs. Scott are of German de- scent and they still reside in Fulton township, where they are highly respected. Five children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Scott : Blanche, born July 25, 1875, is the wife of William Hambleton, of Fulton township ; Leiper, born July 24, 1878, married Florence Herr, of Fulton town- ship, a daughter of Silas Herr (see his sketch else- where in this volume) ; Robert C, born Dec. 18, 1.882 ; Fred L., born Jan. 8, 1885 ; and Frank G., born Jan. 20, 1887. Mr. Scott is a stanch Republi- can, and has served his party as auditor, discharging the duties of his office to the entire satisfaction of his constituents. His religious affiliations are with the Presbyterian church, of which he and his wife are members, and they attend the Church of that de- nom^ination in Little Britain. Having always lived uprightly, being an honorable man in all his deal- ings, and kind and liberal in his home, Mr. Scott has gained in the highest degree the respect and esteem of his neighbors, and the friendship of the best men of the county, and the records of this locality would not be complete without a sketch of so representative a citizen. JAMES H. FERRY, a retired mechanic of Cole- rain township, Lancaster county, was born in Bart township, same county, j\Iay 10, 1820, his parents being Patrick and Catherine (Dugan) Ferry, both of whom were born in Donegal, Ireland. Patrick Ferry was the son of Patrick Ferry, Sr., who came from Ireland in 1780, and located at Georgetown, Lancaster county, where his son Pat- rick grew to manhood. The younger Patrick fol- lowed neddling until he earned money enough to buy a farm in Bart township, where he lived until his death in 1827, at which time he left a wife and three sons, his daughter, Margaret, being born three months after his death. His widow later married Samuel Sharp, and moved with him to Kansas, where she died leaving two sons by her second marriage, Isaac, a noted lawyer now practicing his profession. 760 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY in Washington, D. C. ; and J. L., still unmarried and living in 'Kansas. Of the children of Patrick and Catherine Ferry, James H. was the eldest. Samuel B., born in Bart township, in 1823, married in Steubenville, Ohio, where he worked some years as a machinist, and where he died ; he was a soldier in the Union army during the Civil war, and served three years at the front, being a member of a corps of engineers formed at Philadelphia. Joseph F., the third son, born in Bart township in 1825, was sent to West Point, from which he graduated in 1846, receiving an ap- pointment as lieutenant of artillery ; during the Mex- ican war he was at the front, and was killed while leading the assault of the battle of Molino del Rey, known as the "Forlorn Hope," being only twenty- two years of age, and a youth of much promise. Margaret Ferry, the only daughter, born in Bart township, in 1827, married William Laughan, of Gettysburg, Pa., where he was then engaged in the coach making business. Some years later, with his wife, and two children, he started on a journey to Illinois, where he intended making a home in Joliet, but with air his family was killed in a railroad wreck. James H. Ferry received a very fair district school education, and was numbered among the bright and scholarly youths of his native town. When a young man he took up teaching, and followed it as a business for some years. In 1842 he was married to Mary M. Montgomery, daughter of Samuel and Ellen (Baily) Montgomery, one of Colerain's old families, and represented in that township since 1780. Mrs. Ferry was born in 1822. Mr. and Mrs. Ferry settled in "Dry Wells Hotel," Lancaster coun- ty, where he kept hotel until the building was de- stroyed by fire, when he moved to Lancaster, to take up his trade of tailoring, at which he worked in the summer season, and taught school during the winter. In 1858 he boitght land and built a home. He worked at different trades, being good at tailoring, carpenter work and at stone masonry. Mr. Ferry enlisted as a soldier in the Union army, becoming a member of Co. I, 122nd P. V. I., which regiment received its arms at Harrisburg, and was at once moved to the front under command, at first, of Gen. McClellan, and later of Gen. Burnside. It participated in the great battles of Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and in the fighting along the Wel- don Railroad; beside many skirmishes that in less important wars would rise to the dignity of noted battles. Mr. Ferry was promoted to second ser- geant, and was honorably discharged at Harrisburg. Mr. Ferry returned to his wife in Colerain town- ship, where he has maintained his home to the pres- ent time. In these years he has won a high standing for personal probity and business ability. His wife died in March, 1901, leaving him no family. They had three children, but they all died in infancy. She was long a member of the Baptist church, and lived an upright and Christian life, and was much beloved by all who knew her. Mr. Ferry has always voted the Republican tick- et, and belongs to Byerly Post, No. 511, G. A. R., at Quarryville. He is a member of the Masonic lodge at Christiana, and of the lodge of Odd Fellows at Kirkwood. Mr. Ferry is one of the old and highly esteemed citizens of Colerain township, and is much respected, alike for his learning, industry and char- acter. In his long and active life he has displayed a kind heart, and is possessed of a host of lasting friends where he is known the best. WILLIAM HARM, the enterprising and suc- cessful grocer of Columbia, was in the Fatherland, during his youth, a school teacher, having acquired a good education, and possessing a fondness for in- tellectual pursuits. Emigrating to America, mercan- tile business cla'med him, and he became one of the prosperous and substantial citizens of Columbia, pub- lic-spirited, influential and forceful as a man of his character should be. Mr. Harm was born in Wurtemberg, Ger- many, May 6, 183S, a son of John and Catherine (Wolf) Harm. The father was a lifelong farmer in Germany, and died in 1852, aged sixty-five years. His wife survived him until 1873, passing away at the age of seventy-four years. Their children were: Fred, who died in Ger- many; Leonard, a coal merchant, who died in Har- risburg, Pa. ; John, who farms the old homestead in Germany; Christian, a machinist of Steelton, Pa.; and William. William Harm attended school during his youth, and at the age of eighteen became a school teacher. He taught for a term of seven months, and then came to America, where a bright and prosperous future awaited him. Locating in the city of Philadelphia, he soon obtained employment in a bakery, in which he worked steadily for nine years. He then started in business for himself, and conducted a bakery at Philadelphia successfully for three years. Then re- moving to Columbia, he opened a grocery store, and soon became one of the reliable, substantial business men of the borough. -He remained continuously in trade until 1895, when he transferred his grocery business to his son George. Upon the latter's death, in 1898, Mr. Harm again assumed control of the business, which he now conducts with the assist- ance of his sons Harry and John. In 1896 the Co- lumbia Brush Company was organized as a stock company, of which, the concern faiUng in 1898, Mr. Harm and Thomas Edwards became the successors ; they at once changed the name to the East Columbia Brush Company, which they have thus far run suc- cessfully, and not only reap wealth from it, but also give employment to a hundred men in the works and a number outside, who take material and work it up in their own homes. Mr. Harm was one of the original stockholders in the Columbia Trust Com- ^^^a^^ i ■ Wit V K^ ^ ^^d ^ ^ 1^^. J ^tk 1' ■A ^^^^^^^^^Kgk/^-',' ^bH^H^mh. J i' M ^^m t M ^^ ^ (H /^^^^Hl ^H ■^^^^■sM^I r^ ^^^H HH BBpiW^B^I^^^B "^S^e^///. ^H mSM -^ f fc ^f^^l ^HPi^^'.'^H /J^y^^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 761 pany, and is now one of its directors. In politics he is a Democrat, bnt he is in no sense an office seeker. He is a member of the Lutheran Church, and one of its liberal supporters. Fraternally he is a Knight of Pythias. In 1863 Mr. Harm was married, in Columbia, to Miss Barbara Greene, who was born in Bavaria, Germany, Aug. 15, 1845, daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth Greene. Her mother died in February, 1846, and four years later the father, with his two young children, Jacob (a farmer of St. Cloud, N. J.) and Barbara, came to America and settled in New York, where he died in 187 1. To William and Bar- bara (Greene) Harm were bom the following chil- dren: Emma, wife of Charles Rochow, of Colum- bia ; Katie, who died young ; Lizzie, deceased ; Will- iam, who married Effie Seasholz, and is manager of the East Columbia Brush Co. ; George, who married Mary Wolf, of Lancaster, and died in 1898; Rosa; Charles, deceased ; Harry ; Albert, a traveling sales- man ; John ; Minna ; Bertha ; Mary ; and Huber. Mr. Harm is another instance of the industrious, pros- perous American citizens the Germans become in the land of their adoption. He not only has a beautiful home and a competency, but he has gained an en- viable position as a citizen and a business man in the borough where he has resided for the past thirty- six years. JOHN S. NAUMAN (deceased), was born in Manheim, Lancaster county, Aug. 23, 1818, and died at Elizabethtown April 7, 1894, his remains lying at rest in Mt. Tunnel cemetery. He was a son of John and Elizabeth (Showers) Nauman. The fa- ther, who was a farmer, died in Manheim, and the mother's death occurred in Mt. Joy. They were members of the United Brethren Church. They had the following children, all now deceased: Su- san D., who married Henry Shaffer ; Mary, wife of Henry Shaffner ; Rebecca ; Annie ; Elizabeth, wife of John Dyer ; and John S. John S. Nauman was married in Lancaster, July 19, 184.2, to Annie R. Reese, by whom he had the fol- lowing children: WilHam H., of Elizabethtown; Miss Annie E., who resided with her mother in Elizabethtown; J. Wesley, who married Sophia Lehman, and is a resident of Mt. Joy township ; Francis, a carpenter of Florin, this county, who mar- ried Sallie Menaugh; Sampson R., who married Fanny Brown, and is a produce merchant of To- peka, Kans; Charles J., who married Laura Hard- ing, and is a farmer near Topeka, Kans. ; Carrie A., wife of Plenry Straub,- of Harrisburg; James R., who married Christiana Kuhn, and is a lumber- man in Elizabethtown ; and George W., a farmer in Mt. Joy township, who married Lillie Wademan. Mrs. "Annie R. Nauman was a native of Mountville, Pa., born Nov. 22, 1825, daughter of Sampson D. Reese, and a sister of S. D. Reese, whose history appears elsewhere. John S. Nauman followed the honorable and la- borious life of a blacksmith until 1892, when he re- tired from active labor, moving to the home where his widow resided until her death, to spend the last two years of his life. In his active days he was a man of considerable prominence in Mount Joy town- ship, where he was engaged in farming and black- smithing for many years. He' served as tax collec- tor there. For thirteen years he lived in Mt. Joy borough, prior to his removal to East Donegal town- ship, where he farmed six years, and then located in Mt. Joy township, where he farmed thirty-nine years. Mrs. Nauman's grandfather Reese was drowned at the age of forty years. Her great-grandfather Reese, who lived to be one hundred and eleven years old, passed his hfe near Frederick, Md. Mrs. Nau- man was a lady of much character, highly esteemed by all who knew her for her industrious and ex- ceedingly useful life, as well as her amiable disposi- tion and kind heart. She passed away March 17, 1901. ABRAHAM S. RHOADS. Among the promi- nent, substantial and highly esteemed citizens of IMaytown was Abraham S. Rhoads, who was born in Conestoga township, a son of George and Elizabeth (Sweiger) Rhoads, of Rapho township, both of whom died in East Donegal, the former on the farm to which he had moved, in 1841, and the mother in May town. The father was born in 1801, and died in September, 1854, while the mother survived until June, 1885, dying at the age of eighty-four years. Both were worthy members of the Lutheran Church, and are buried in the old Maytown cemetery. Chil- dren, as follows, were born to their marriage : Abra- ham S. ; Fanny, who married George M. Lutz ; Elizabeth, who married Benjamin Hoffman, a farm- er of Conoy township ; Mary, who married Henry Shenk, deceased ; Levi, a farmer of Eden township ; and Susannah, widow of Christ Brandt (he died Oct. 7, 1891, aged fifty-three, and she resided in JMa}'town with her brother Abraham) ; and George, a farmer of East Donegal township. Abraham S. Rhoads was reared on the farm and attended the schools of his district, remaining with his parents as their comfort in their declining years. After the death of his father he conducted the farm for ten more years, and then moved into Maytown, in 1865, where he lived retired until his death, Sept. 28, 1901. ' In politics he was a stanch Democrat, and was one of the leading members of the Lutheran Church. Mr. Rhoads was known as an upright man and excellent citizen. NATHANIEL S. GROFF, whose home is in Manheim township, a mile and a quarter east of Pe- tersburg, was born March 25, 1841, in the old home- stead. When eight years of age he went to live with his sister, Mrs. George Shriner, on the farm where he has since made his home, until he was ready to begin operations for himself. His education was 762 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY gained in the common and Normal schools. When he was fifteen he went West with his brother Sam- uel, who bought a drove of cattle in Ohio, which they drove through to Lancaster county, young Na- thaniel walking the most of the way, and leading an ox at the head of tlie herd. When he was nineteen Mr. GrofiE formed a part- nership with his brother-in-law, Mr. Shriner, and went alone to Ohio, to buy a drove of cattle, which he brought back unassisted. This was the laying of the foundation of a prosperous career, as the ven- ture was quite a success. H'js entire attention was given for some years to the droving business, bring- ing cattle to the Lancaster markets. After a few years in the cattle business he associated himself with his brother-in-law in farming. Farming and stock dealing have seemed to go so well together that Mr. Groff has combined them all his life. With his brother Abraham he bought the family homestead, and has purchased his own farm of 113 acres, which is one of the fine places of the county. Mr. Groff buys and packs tobacco, and has a warehouse on his farm, handling much stock yearly. He also grows tobacco extensively, and has met with success in this branch of farming. A public-spirited man, he has been a stockholder in several of the banking enterprises of the county, and also in other enterprises, such as the Penn Turn- pike Company. A stanch Republican, he takes an active interest in politics. Mr. Groff was married, March 25, 1871, to Miss INIary, daughter of Israel Groff, of Eden, and they have one child, George, who married Miss Mary Haverstick, by whom he has two children, Paulina and Leon. Mrs. Groff and the son are members of the Lutheran Church. AARON EDWARD REIST, cashier of the Conestoga Traction Company, and sole manager of the Conestoga Park Amusements, is one of the best known figures in Lancaster. His ancestors came to America from Germany, and were among the very earliest settlers of Lancaster county. But one fam- ily of Reists came across the water, and from them ail the Reists in this section are descended. Abraham Reist, grandfather of Aaron E., was bom near Manheim, Lancaster county, where he died, on the old homestead where his father had lived before him. His son, Aaron E., father of Aaron E., of Lancaster, is now living between Man- heim and Lititz, where he is leading a practically retired life. He married Anna Zook, daughter of John Zook, a farmer, and to them came three sons : Nathan E., a school teacher in Lititz; Amos E., a contracting builder, of Pittsburg; and A. Edward, of Lancaster. Aaron Edward Reist was born in Manheim, in 1859, and was educated in the pubHc schools of the district. Leaving school when sixteen years of age, young Reist became a clerk in the dry-goods house of George S. Danner, of Manheim. When he had clerked there a short time he took a business course at the Eastman Business College, at Poughkeepsie, N. Y., after which he engaged with Stawbridge & Clothier, at Philadelphia. For two years he remained with them, and then spent eleven years in the dry- goods house of Givler, Bowers & Hurst. At the ex- piration of this prolonged period he connected him- self with Watt & Shand, at the New York Store, Lancaster, but failing health compelled him to give up his work and seek an out-door life. When he had partially regained his health Mr. Reist entered the service of the Traction Company, and by the advice of his physician ran on the line four months. By this tiniie his health was again normal, and he was taken into the office of the company, where he has been cashier for nine years, and for the past four years manager of the Conestoga Park Amusements, which are under the auspices of the Tra,ction Com- pany. ■ All the money of the company passes through his hands, and all employes are paid by him. As a manager of attractive amusements his ability is known to the community, and in every position in which he is placed those whose interests he serves are delighted with his able and attentive management of the cluties intrusted to him. Mr. Reist was married, in 1884, to Miss Rettie, daughter of William Laverty, the principal employe of the Pennsylvania railroad at Leaman Place for forty years. To this union were bom two chil- dren, Anna and Georgia, both attending the Girls' High School at Lancaster. Mr. Reist is a • Presbyterian, belonging to the First Presbyterian Church of Lancaster, and fra- ternally is connected with the Odd Fellows, the Knights of Malta, the Royal Arcanum, and the Jr. O. U. A. M. In these and in various other circles he is most highly esteemed. EMANUEL H. ZERCHER, a resident of Con- estoga Center, was born April 17, 1.854, and was a lad of nine years when. his father died. He lived with his grandfather until he arrived at the age of four- teen, when he started out in Hfe for himself. For one year he worked for his uncle, David Nissley, and then went to work on his mother's farm, where he remained two years. From there he went with Milo Herr, and worked for him one year, when he again returned to his mother's place in Providence town- ship and did general work. He then went with Abraham li. Schock to learn the tinsmith's trade, and worked for him four years. After farming Benjamin Kneisley's farm for three years, he bought out the business of A. H. Schock at Safe Harbor, and carried on the business for one year, when he removed to Conestoga Center to engage in the same line, and he still carries it on. On Dec. 2, 1877, Emanuel H. Zercher married Mary A. Kneisley, daughter of Benjamin and Re- becca Kneisley, residents of Conestoga township. Mr. and Mrs. Zercher had eight children, as follows: Benjamm F., at home single ; John C, of Conestoo-a BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 768 Center ; E'mma L., wife of Charles Kreider ; Bertha M., who died in infancy; Clara A., at home, single; Andrew and Ezra, deceased ; and Anna M., at home. Mr. Zercher is a Republican, and has always taken an active part in the political affairs of the county. He was a county committeeman for three years; a school director for six years, from 1893 to 1900; and was appointed justice of the peace in 1898, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of P.'C. Hiller. He is a member of O. A. K. of M. C, Conestoga Lodge, No. 178, in which he has passed all the chairs, and is now recording scribe. Mr. and Mrs. Zercher are consistent members of the United Evangelical Church, and have been such since 1879. They are highly estimated in their community and enjoy the friendship of a wide circle. HENRY H. WITMEYER, a general merchant and representative citizen of Penryn, Pa., is a de- scendant of one of the old and honored families of Lancaster county. David Witmeyer, the great-grandfather of Hen- ry H., was an emigrant to America from Germany, and he founded the family in Lancaster county. His son, David, was born in the western part of this county, Jan. 31, 1800, and became a carpenter by trade, and also understood the intricacies of watch- making. The greater part of his life was spent in carpenter work, and his death occurred April 7, 185 1. He married Miss Elizabeth Hummer, and they were the parents of eight children : John, de- ceased ; David ; Jacob ; Aaron, a watchmaker in In- diana; EHzabeth, the wife of Dr. Shaffer, of Shaf- ferstown ; Priscilla, the wife of Jacob Shue ; Cath- erine, the wife of Samuel Plasterer ; and Anna, who died at the age of twenty years. David Witmeyer, the father of Henry H., was born on April 13, 1832, and early in life he learned the trade of watchmaking, following this all his life, and being recognized as a very skillful workman. His death occurred on July 28, 1861. His wife, Susanna Hummer, bore him three children, the oldest one dying in infancy ; Jeremiah H., a mil- ler in White Oak, Pa., and Henry H. Plenry H. Witmeyer was born at Penryn, Nov. 17, 1857. When he was four years old, his father died, and he lived with his mother until he was twelve years of age, attending school. At this time he be- gan to learn the cigarmaking trade with David Kauffman, continuing for one year. From there he went to Manheim, where he worked at cigarmaking for three years during summer seasons and attend- ed Manheim high school during winter seasons. At this time he accepted a position as clerk in the gen- eral store in Cornwall, conducted by David Kaufif- man. Here he remained for two years, and spent the two following years at Millway, in the store of Simon Eisenberger, going "from there to Clay, where he was the valued clerk for George Stein- metz for three vears. Mr. Witmeyer then returned to his native place and embarked in the cigar business, also opening up a mercantile line, three years later purchasing the business where he is now located. His long expe- rience in the mercantile business, under wise and suc- cessful merchants, enabled Mr. Witmeyer to become thoroughly instructed in this business, both as to buying and selling. This has been demonstrated by his success, and he has now one of the most com- plete general store stocks in the county, and a lucra- tive trade. In politics Mr. Witmeyer is an ardent Republican, and in 1889, he was appointed post- master, efficiently filling the office at the present time, holding also the position of deputy coroner. Mr. Witmeyer is one of the most progressive citizens of this community, taking a just pride in adding to the prosperity of this section, in proof of which, he has erected some ten of the finest residences in the town, worthy in every way to decorate a much larger bor- ough. The marriage of Mr. Witmeyer was to Miss Dora A. Gross ; to them were born six children : David, who died at the age of fourteen years ; Sadie S. ; Elsie G. ; Gertrude G. ; Chester G. ; and Harry G. ; a family of beautiful and intelligent young people who reflect credit not only upon their parents, but also upon the prosperous village of their birth. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN LANDIS, the wide- ly known shoe merchant at Nos. 28-30 South Queen street, Lancaster, is descended from a very old Penn- sylvania family. Jacob D. Landis, the father of Benjamin F., was a son of Benjamin Landis, a farmer in Montgomery county, where he died full of years and honor. Ja- cob D. Landis is still a well preserved man, and bears his years so lightly that he is able to render his son assistance in his bixsiness. He came to Lancaster when he was only nineteen years of age, and made a home in Manor township. Later in life he mar- ried Elizabeth Conrad, the daughter of Daniel Con- rad, a hotel keeper at New Danville, the place bear- ing his name because he owned the land on which it was established. The union of Jacob D.' Landis and Elizabeth Conrad was blessed with eleven chil- dren, of whom now survive, as follows : Jacob H., shipping clerk for Long & Davidson, of Lancaster ; Mary S., the wife of Daniel Volrath, a salesman for the A. & P Tea Co., of Lancaster ; Sarah, the wife of Henry Brenerman, of Pequea ; Elizabeth, the wife of Henry Eager, of Columbia; Elvina, the wife of Henry Killian, of Lancaster ; Emma, unmarried and at home; and Benjamin Franklin.' Benjamin Franklin Landis was born at Slack- water, Pa., April 3. 1857, and acquired his educa- tion in the public schools of Pequea. When he was eighteen years of age he left school to become an ap- prentice at shoemaking in a shop at New Danville, in which he spent three years. When he had mas- tered his trade he worked at it a year and a half in Lansdale, Montgomery county, and for three years in Millersville. Mr. Landis was connected with the 764 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY shoe house of Shaub & Brother in Lancaster, for seven years, where he developed so much abihty as a salesman, and won so many friends by his genial ways and accommodating disposition, that he felt warranted in starting in business for himself. In the fall of 1889 he opened a shoe store at No. 37 South Queen street. His business was transferred after a year and a half to Nos. 12-14 South Queen street, where it remained five years, and was then removed to its present commodious quarters at Nos. 28-30 South Queen street. The entire building is occupied by Mr. Landis, both as a store and a resi- dence, and here he enjoys a most excellent trade. Mr. Landis was married to Mary D., a daughter of Henry and Elizabeth Shuman, the former of whom IS now deceased. One child has blessed this union, Edna, who is now at home with her parents. Mr. Landis belongs to the Knights of Pythias, the Knights of the Golden Eagle, the Knights of Malta, the Jr. O. U. A. M., the I. O. O. F. and the Royal Arcanum. In politics he is a Republican, and in re- ligion he is a member of St. Paul's Methodist Church, of which he was a trustee and steward for several years. He is a thorough business man, prompt in all his dealings, and courteous and kind to all with whom he comes in contact. JOHN H. BLETZ (deceased), a popular con- ductor on the I'ennsylvania railroad, and an honored resident of Columbia, was born in that city, March 19, 1849, son of Benjamin and Elizabeth (Mellin- ger) Eletz, also natives of Lancaster county, the former born in Mountville, the latter in Manheim. Soon after their marriage they located in Columbia, where the father conducted a grocery store. He died March 6, 1865, aged forty-one years, his wife, April 6, 1867, also aged forty-one. To them were born six children, namely : Mary J., who died young ; Harriet A., wife of James Crowther, manager of the Columbia Opera House ; John H. ; Susan B., deceased wife of John Hernizer, a railroad man; Benjamin F., who died at the age of twenty-five years : and Anna L., who died at the age of thirty- one. The grandparents of John H. Bletz were Jacob and Mary Bletz, and David and Susan Mellin- ger, all residents of Lancaster county. During his boyhood John H. Bletz clerked in his iincle's store at Columbia, and later spent some time in the West. Subsequently he a;ccepted a position as conductor on the Pennsylvania railroad running from Philadelphia, and remained a trusted employe of the company up to the time of his death, which occurred March 26, 1898. Politically he was identi- fied with the Democratic party, fraternally affiliated with the Order of Railway Conductors and the Knights of Malta ; and religiously was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He commanded the confidence and respect of all with whom he came in contact either in business or social life, and had a host of warm personal friends. On Nov. 25, 1875, in Columbia, Mr. Bletz mar- ried Miss Naomi Hart, by whom he had one son, Ira M., who is clerking in a foundry in Columbia and resides with his mother. Mrs. Bletz is a native of Druniore township, Lancaster county, and a daugh- ter of Samuel and Susan (Newport) Hart, of Pe- quea, same county. The father, who was a farmer by occupation, died in 1877, aged sixty-seven years, tlie mother, in 1895, aged eighty-one, and their re- mains were interred at Clearfield, Pa. Religiously they were active members of the Methodist Episco- pal Church. Their children were Hester, wife of Frank Binds, of Frenchtown, Md. ; Susan, wife of Washington Walker, of West Hempfield township, this countv ; Mary, widow of Eland Crider and a res- ident of Wilmington, Del. ; Sarah, wife of John Gra- ble, of Drumore township, this county ; John, who is living retired in that township ; Barbara and Harry, both deceased; and Naomi, now Mrs. Bletz. JOHN F. HAINES. It is a happy conjunction of callings which combine farming and hotel keep- ing, inasmuch as in the latter capacity a person has the constant demand for the delicacies produced from the garden, and in the former a ready means of sup- plying such demand, as was the case with John F. Haines, ex-hotel keeper and retired farmer of Spring Garden. Salisbury township. John F. Irlaines is a native of Salisbury township, born Aug. 20, 1853, son of Stephen and Mary A. (Place) Haines, the former of whom was born in Salisbury township, Nov. 21, 1817, was a farmer by occupation, and died Oct. 8, 1864. Mrs. Mary A. Haines was born Dec. 20, 1818, and died March 7, 1889. Stephen Haines was a highly respected and popular citizen, served as township supervisor for many terms, and was classed with the solid men of his locality. The remains of Stephen and his wife were interred in the Pequea Presbyterian Church cemetery, of which church they were members. Their children were ten in number : Christian, who died in infancy; Hannah E., wife of Frederick B. Wilson, a retired marble manufacturer, of Coving- ton, Ind. ; George W., deceased ; James S., also de- ceased ; William D., a farmer at Newport, Ind.; John F., of this sketch ; Alfred A., a farmer in Salis- bury township; Clement H., deceased; Minnie F., deceased, wife of WilHam Stirk; and Eva J., un- married, and living in Lancaster. At the age of twenty-two years John F. Haines rented a farm in Salisbury township and cultivated it until 1899, when he abandoned the calling and rent- ed the "Spring Garden Hotel," which he conducted one 3'ear and then retired to his present home. His marriage took place in New Hblland. Pa., Feb. 13, 1883, to Miss Sallie Shirk, and to this union have been born six children, in the following order ■ Ches- ter S., Lida M., Ruth J., Mable F., Elva M. and Minnie E. Mrs. SaUie (Shirk) Haines was born in West Earl township, Lancaster county, Jan. 25 iS";-^ daughter of Samuel and Barbara (Beltz) ' Shirk BIOGRA.PHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 765 prominent agricultural people of Lancaster county. Samuel Shirk retired from the cares and duties of agricultural life somewhat late in life ; his wife died Sept. II, 1882, at the age of fifty-seven years, after which Mr. Shirk resided with Mr. and Mrs. Haines, until his death in 1897, at the ripe age of seventy- four. Mr. Shirk and his wife were devout members of the Blue Ball German Baptist Church, and their remains were interred in its cemetery. Seven chil- dren were born to them, as follows: Wilson, who died in infancy ; Anna E., who is married to W. A. Warner, of Reading; Sallie, now Mrs. John F. Haines ; Kate, wife of Isaac Taylor ; Isaac, a farmer in Earl township ; John, a carpenter in Philadelphia ; and Harry, a traveling salesman of Butler, Pennsyl- vania. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Sallie ( Shirk) Haines were Peter and Martha Shirk, prominent people of Lancaster county. John F. Haines is a substantial and honored citi- zen of Salisbury township; and has secured for him- self an ample competency. He is a Republican in politics, and in 1897 was register of his township. GEORGE W. WALTON, who is at once the merchant, postmaster and telegraph operator at Fal- mouth, Conoy township, Lancaster county, was born in that township, Feb. 22, 1853, son of David C. and Anna (Kinney) Walton, natives of New Hol- land, York county, and of Lancaster county, respec- tively. David C. Walton was a farmer until the last five years, when he became a track walker for the Penn- sylvania Railroad, and was killed while engaged in the performance of his duty, Sept. 17, 1899, his re- mains being interred in the cemetery at Falmouth. His widow, Anna Kinney, who was born in 1849, is living in Falmouth. Early in life they became con- nected with the Bethel Church, and their industri- ous habits and upright character cast no discredit upon their faith. The children born to them were: George W., of whom mention is made later in this sketch; Mary M., widow of Daniel Bryan, living at home ; and Edgar W., a mail agent, living at Harris- burg. The paternal grandparents of George W. Walton were Hiram and Mary (Dunkel) Walton, natives of Chester county, who died in Yorlc county, where they had long followed an agricultural life. Mr. Walton's maternal grandparents were George C. and Anna Kinney, who were born in York county, but moved to Lancaster county in 1848, and there near the vil- lage of Bainbridge, in Conoy township, engaged in farming, George W. Walton and Mary B. Keller were united in marriage June 11, 1884, in Harrisburg. Mrs. Walton was born in Lock Haven, Pa., a daugh- ter of John and Mary- (Bricker) Keller, both born in Bainbridge, Lancaster county. For many years her father was a merchant, and in his later years an employe of the Pennsylvania Railroad. He died in Harrisburg in 1882, at the age of sixty-four years. Mrs. Keller is still living, and makes her home with Mrs. Walton. Both father and mother were mem- bers of the Lutheran Church. They had the follow- ing children : Frank, a railroad man in Harrisburg ; Mary; Elmer, also in the railroad employ; Harvey, a manufacturer and wholesale dealer in medicine; Bertha, wife of Louis Bridgeon, a merchant in Har- risburg. Mr. Walton's grandparents were all farming peo- ple, and natives of Lancaster county, where their en- tire lives were spent. George Walton remained with his parents until he reached the age of twenty-eight, when he estab- lished his own home. At the age of nineteen years he began learning the art of telegraphy, and spent his first year in that study in Bainbridge, and then worked at the telegrapher's desk in Parkesburg, Ronks, Dillerville, Harrisburg, Highspire, Steelton and Middle Town Branch, effecting a permanent lo- cation at Collins in the spring of 1884. In 1886 he was appointed the village postmaster, a position he has retained to the present time, and one in which he is very popular. Mr. Walton is affiliated with the I. O. O. F. and the K. of G. E., taking much interest in the success- ful working of these orders, and holding from time to time various official positions. In his politics he is a Democrat, and is one of the leading citizens of this part of the county. JACOB H. ENGLE (deceased), was born in Rapho township, June 14, 1850, and came to the farm where his family now reside March 27, 1899, and there he died March 13, 1900. His remains rest in the cemetery connected with the Cross Roads Meeting House in East Donegal township. Rev. Henry and Fannie (Hoover) Engle, his parents, were of East Donegal township, and moved to the present Engle homestead in i860. There the father lived retired for forty years, a successful and prominent farmer, and for about fifty years an active and influential minister of the Brethren in Christ. When he died Jan. 12, 1896, he was aged eighty-eight years, two months and six days. His wife died in 1881, and they were buried in the ceme- tery connected with the Cross Roads Meeting House in East Donegal township. Rev. Henry and Fannie Engle had the following children : Noah H., a farm- er in Abilene, Kans. ; Mary H. died in 1891, unmar- ried ; Michael H. is a retired farmer in Elizabethtown, Pa. ; Sarah H. lives in Maytown, the widow of Chris- tian Hershey; Ann H. is unmarried, and has her home in Mt. Joy ; Eli H. is a farmer in Mt. Joy ; John H., who is engaged in the butcher business at Mt. Joy; and Jacob H. Jacob H. Engle was married in January, 1871, in Rapho township, to Harriet Missemer, by whom he had the following family : Norman M., a farm foreman at Woodland, Cal., and as yet unmarried ; Dr. Howard M., of San Francisco; Walter M., at 766 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY home; Joseph M., , deceased ; Henry J., at home; Robert M., deceased; Fanny G., M. Lena, Bertha M. and Bruce Q. C, all at home. Mrs. Harriet Engle was born in Rapho township, a daughter of Jacob and Magdelina (Gantz) Misse- mer. I'hey were both born and reared in Lancaster county. Jacob Missemer followed the milling busi- ness until his death in 1883, at the age of sixty-six ; his widow died in 1890, at the age of sixty-seven. Their remains rest in the burying ground of the Cross Roads Meeting House in East Donegal town- ship. They were members of the Lutheran Church. Their children were: Susan, who married Rev. ■David Wohlgemuth, now a retired farmer and a Dunkard preacher at Florin ; Elizabeth, wife of Ja- cob Gruber, a farmer in Rapho township; Kate, widow of Henry G. Snyder, with her home in Mt. Joy; Henry, who died in infancy; Sarah, who mar- ried Henry Martin, a farmer in East Donegal town- ship ; Mattie, who married David Brant, of Mt. Joy township ; Anna, wife of Samuel Witmer, of Rapho township; Jacob, Henry, David, Adam, William, Joseph and Frederick, who all died in infancy ; Har- riet, Mrs. Engle ; Louise, who married Dr. W. B. Thome, of Mt. Joy township, whose sketch may be found on another page ; and Mary, who married Ed- ward Boyd, of Manheim. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Engle were Jacob and Lena (Hoeman) Missemer, who were born in Berks county, Pa., and came to Lancaster county in an early day. Jacob Missemer married, for his second wife, a Miss Kraybill, of Lancaster county. Jacob H. Engle, who was a farmer all his life, remained at home with his parents until his mar- riage, when he removed to a farm in Chiques Creek, where he remained twenty-seven years. His next move was to the farm where his family is now liv- ing. Mr. Engle was in his life time a man of char- acter and standing in the community, where his in- dustry, integrity, and simple and unaffected manli- ness commanded ready recognition, and won a host of friends. For three years he was a school director. For many years he followed tobacco buying, and met with much success. Connected with no church, he was a man of fine character and absolute integrity, much beloved and esteemed by all who knew him. His legacy to his children was, above all, a good name and a spotless reputation. ROBERT C. LINTOKf, an elderly farmer in Colerain township, was born in East Drumore town- ship, in September, 1844, a son of Alexander and Margaret (Glackin) Linton. Alexander Linton was born in Ireland, and his wife, who was a daughter of John Glackin, in Dru- more, Lancaster county. After his marriage Mr. Linton settled on a wild wooded farm- in East Dru- more township, which is now owned by his son, James, and good buildings and thorough cultivation have made this one of the fine farm homes of that section. Here Alexander Linton died in 1865, and his widow in 1899. They were members of the Pres- byterian and Catholic churches. Mr. Linton was a stanch Dem.ocrat, and a Union man during the war. Of their family of six sons and two daughters, four are living : Mary and Rachel died young ; John and Augustus died in early manhood; Sylvester, the eldest living son, married Eliza Linton, of Lancaster county, and they now reside on his farm adjoining the old homestead, and have a family of four chil- • dren : John, Mary, (who married Benjamin Drauch- er, of Bart township), Augustus and Anna; James, who is now living on the old homestead, where he was born, is still single; Jasper, born at the East Drumore home, went to Iowa, when a young man, where he married and settled (he is the father of three sons) ; and Robert C. Robert C. Linton was born and reared on the old home, attended the district school after the usual farmer fashion of the time, working on the place dur- ing the summer season, and attending school in the winter. When the Civil War broke out he enlisted in Co. G, 1st Battalion, P. V. I., at Camp Curtin, Harrisburg, where the command was drilled and pre- pared for service. They did duty at Chambersburg, and were then marched to Hag^erstown, Md., where they went into camp until assigned to special duty at Philadelphia, being set to guarding deserters and drafted men in that city. They were mustered out in Harrisburg, Jan. 4, 1864. Mr. Linton returned home and worked on his fa- ther's farm until his marriage, Feb. 24, 1870, to Miss Fannie Boohar, a daughter of Jacob and Angeline (Mercer) Boohar. Mrs. Fannie Linton was born in November, 1848, and when she was still young her parents moved into the city of Lancaster, where their children might be educated. Mr. Boohar was a mil- ler, and worked at his trade in different mills in the county imtil i86t, when he moved to the Puseyville Mills, where. he was employed until 1871, when he died. His widow survived until 1891. Of their fam- ily of seven children, six are living : Handford died in Christiana ; Ross W., born in Chester county, lives in Christiana: Walter E., born in Chester county, married and resides in Philadelphia ; Henrietta mar- ried Thomas Carpenter (deceased), of Philadelphia, and they had one daughter. May ; Josephine married Joseph Barkley, of Chester county ; Adaline married Bayard Stott, and lives in Philadelphia ; and Fannie married Mr. Linton. Mr. and Mrs. Linton settled on the old Linton homestead, where they lived for seven years. In 1870 he bought the Dr. Dare farm in Colerain town- ship, where he has since erected a large bank barn, wagon sheds and other outbuildings, improving the house, also, and making the place one of the most desirable homes of this county. To Mr. and Mrs. Linton have come seven children : Lina, born in De- cember, 1870, married Walter Scott, of Bart town- ship, and they live in Strasburg township ; they have no family. Oliver J., born in 1872, married Miss BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 767 Sadie Eckman, of Quarryville, and lives in Chris- tiana ; they have one son, Claude C. Margaret, born in August, 1873, died Dec. 6, 1902. Ada N., born in July, 1877, married Harry Groff, of Georgetown, and had one son, Uhler, who died Oct. 17, 1901. Ed- gar A., born in August, 1879, is single, and at home. J. Clyde was borri in May, 1881. Robert G. was born in August, 1884. Mr. Lvinton has always taken an independent po- sition in politics. Both he and his wife belong to the Methodist Church. They are well-off, highly re- spected and have always been closely identified with the best interests of East Drumore and Colerain townships. The farm shows a thrift characteristic of the Linton family. WILLIAM O. MARSHALL, one of the best known and most popular men in Lancaster, is one of the oldest surviving members of a family that has long been associated v/ith the city's business inter- ests. For many years he was associated with his fa- ther in the shoe trade in Centre square, and, after his father's death, conducted the business himself, but he is now living retired — that is, retired from ac- tive business pursuits, although he is kept well occu- pied in looking after his private interests, as well ' as the interests of the church, of which he is so de- voted a member. Mr. Marshall was born in Phila- delphia Oct. 12, 1840, son of Mr. and Mrs. James Marshall. His grandfather Marshall, with two of his brothers, came to Lancaster at an early day. James Marshall was a shoemaker. He married and located in Philadelphia, in which city he worked at his trade until 1844, when he returned to Lancas- ter and became a manufacturer and retailer. In 1865, his son, William O.; became a partner, the firm name being J. Marshall & Son. James Marshall, now deceased, but who lived to advanced age, was an active member of St. John's Free Episcopal Church for' many years. His wife, whose maiden name was Maria Okeson, was a native of Lancaster, a daughter of John Okeson, who came from England. The mother died at the age of seventy years, leaving a family of six children, three of whom are living: William O., George A. and Lizzie C. William O. Marshall obtained a good common school education, and at the age of thirteen was ap- prenticed to learn the printer's trade. He served five 3'ears, and then became foreman in the composing room of the Evening Express, which position he held for two years, at the end of which time he entered Franklin and Marshall College. Fie remained in college three years, until the close of the Sophomore year. This was during the war of the Rebellion, and he enlisted in the Union army. After the war he took up his trade on the Express and other journals. In 1868 Mr. Marshall wedded Miss Mary Rich- ards, daughter of the late Luther Richards, of Lan- caster, who was one of the founders of the Examin- er and Herald, and was prominent not only as a journalist, but as a Republican, that party having elected him to' some of the most important positions in the gift of the county. By his marriage with Miss Richards, Mr. Marshall became the father of two children : Elizabeth R., a graduate of the high school, who married John S. Thackeray, of Philadel- phia; and Charles L., also a graduate of the high school, and business college, and now bookkeeper for the extensive clothing house of S. M. Myers & Com- pany. Charles L. Marshall married Miss j\l. Lou- ise Stamm, daughter of Frederick Stamm, the inven- tor, whose interesting sketch will be found else- where. He is a Mason, being senior warden of Blue Lodge, No. 43, and he belongs to the chapter, coun- cil and command ery. William O. Marshall is a Republican in politics, and served two years in the common council from the Third ward. In 1877, he was elected a member of the school board, and two years later he moved into the Fifth vv^ard, and was re-elected. In 1879 he was made treasurer of the school board, and held that position for more than twenty years. He was also the receiver of school tax for many years. He is an honored member of the Masonic fraternity, belong- ing to the Blue Lodge, Chapter, Council and Com- mandery, and has held all of the chairs, and was at one time Deputy District Grand High Priest. In re- ligious connection he is a member of St. John's Free Episcopal Church, and has been one of the vestry- men for an ordinary life time. PETER O. ELSER, one of the representative citizens of Clay township, was born March 18, 1851, in this township, a son of Samuel and Catherine El- ser, both deceased. Peter Elser, the great-grandf^ither of Peter O. Elser, was born in 1760, and he left a son, also Pe- ter, the grandfather from whom our subject takes his name. Grandfather Elser was a farmer in Eliza- beth township, and was twice married. Two sons, John and George, were born to the first union, and one son, Samuel, and four daughters, by the second marriage, these being: Catherine, Rebecca, Sarah and Elizabeth. , Samuel Elser was born in 1812, and died May 4, 1879. He married in Clay township, and had a family of ten children, aS follows : Miss Mary Ann ; Rebecca, deceased; Elizabeth, the wife of Solomon Eberly, of Clay township ; Catherine and Susan, twins, the latter of whom died at the age of fifty- two years, the former the wife of William Ramig; Peter O. ; Hannah, the wife of Henry Mellinger, a. resident of Brickerville, Pa. ; Fannie, the wife of Zocher Fory, of Clay township : John, a resident of Harrisburg ; and Adeline, deceased. Peter O. Elser was reared on the farm, and was educated in the public schools. Although he has engaged in farming to some degree all his life, he has also had other important lines of business. He learned the carpenter's trade, and for several years worked as a mill carpenter. All of his ventures in a business line have prospered, as he possesses the 768 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY proper qualifications to insure success. Mr. Elser is one of the leading Democrats in his township, and has most efficiently filled a number of the local offices. He has been a delegate to State conventions a num- ber of times, and is an effective party worker. Mr. Elser has performed the duties of supervisor and school director with credit to himself and to the sat- isfaction of the tax payers in his township. On Nov. 26, 1 87 1, Mr. Elser was united in mar- riage to Miss Maggie Weit, daughter of Henry Weit, of Clay township, and two children were born to this unioi^ : Lillie, the wife of J. W. Gerhert, of Clay township; and Samuel W., living unmarried, at home, the carrier of the U. S. mail between Eph- rata. Clay and Hopeland. Mr. Elser and family are highly esteemed in Clay township. He is known as one of the reliable and honored citizens who truly represent this important portion of Lancaster county. FRANK SHILLOTT, deceased. Germany has given to America many of her most estimable and prominent citizens. Biographical records in the United States present many Examples of young men from the Fatherland who to better their conditions have come strangers to a strange land, and, with no advantages, have by the mere force of their native talents won success and a prominent place among the people of their adopted land. Prominent among these must be mentioned the late Frank Shillott. He was never a shirk. The eminence he attained was the result of honest and untiring eflEort, and he was a most highly esteemed resident of Columbia, where he lived retired from active business duties. He was born in Rheinpfalz, Germany, June 21, 1827, son of Frank and Victoria (Glauveau) Shillott, na- tives of Germany of French extraction, and grandson of John Shillott, a native of France. Frank Shillott, who was a butcher and drover by trade, came to America in 1842, and settled in New Orleans, La., but within a year he fell a victim to fever and died at the age of forty-one years. His widow, Mrs. Victoria (Glauveau) Shillott, emi- grated to America in 1853, the year after her son Frank had crossed the ocean. She settled at Colum- bia, Pa., and died of cholera in 1854, aged fifty-three years. The family of Frank and Victoria Shillott consisted of the following children: Victoria, widow of Joseph Kelp, of Columbia; Charles, who died at Columbia; Frank, whose name opens this sketch; Katie, who married Michael Thomas, and died at Columbia ; John, a butcher at Marietta, Lan- caster county, now deceased ; and Thesbia, widow of Peter Dersch, a blacksmith. Frank Shillott, at the age of ten years, entered his father's butcher shop in Germany. In 1849 he entered the German army, but after three years' ser- vice, having tired of military life, he ran away. Com- ing to New York friendless and alone, he secured employment in a butcher shop in that city, and three months later came to Columbia, Pa., accepting for a time whatever employment he could secure. Then for three years he worked at the butcher business for Harry Minnich, after which he embarked in the business for himself, continuing thus most success- fully for seventeen years. Mr. Shillott then conduct- ed a general store at Columbia for three years, at the end of which time he withdrew to a farm, and in addition to agricultural pursuits he also followed butchering for fourteen years. He subsequently lived in retirement, enjoying the leisure which he had so well earned, until his death, which occurred June 5, 1902. Mr. Shillott was one of the organizers of the Central National Bank of Columbia, of which he served as a director from the beginning until his decease. He was highly esteemed in the locality where he had passed the greater part of his useful life. In February, 1855, Mr. Shillott married Cath- erine Schroeder, who was born in Baiern, Germany, in April, 1825, daughter of Andrew and Barbara (Schwautz) Schroeder, of Marksteinhock, Germany, and granddaughter of Andrew Schroeder. Her fa- ther, who was a brickmaker, died in 1821 ; Barbara, his wife, lived until 1840. Their children were: John, who died at Baltimore, Md. ; Barbara, de- ceased ; George John, who came to America and has not since been heard from ; and Catherine, widow of Frank Shillott. Mrs. Shillott came to America in • 1851, and settled at Columbia. To Mr. and Mrs. Shillott were born four children, namely : Caro- line, of Newark, N. J., is the widow of H. L. Snyder ; she has two children, Katharine M. and Florence P. Franklin, proprietor of a hotel at Columbia, married Katie Ament, and has eight children, Martin, Eliza- beth, Cecilia, Charles, Stella, William, Edward and Regina. Catharine M., widow of John W. Swartz, a prominent butcher of Columbia, has one child, Lillian Marie. Charles died in Denver, Colo., Aug. 28, 1901. Mr. Shillott was a member of Trinity Catholic Church. In politics he was always a Democrat. By his many sterling qualities and industrious applica- tion to business he gained a goodly competence, and was a representative citizen and a typical self-mad^ man. His increased means, however, were not fol- lowed by ostentatious display. He retained the plain, simple manners of his early years, and held the es- teem and regard of all who knew him. JEREMIAH H. WITMEYER, one of the well- known and highly respected citizens of Penryn, Pa., now engaged in the milling business, is a worthy de- scendant from an honorable Lancaster county iam- David Witmeyer, his great-grandfather, came to America from Germany and settled in Lancaster county at a very early day. His son, David (2), the grandfather of J. H., was born in this county Jan. 31, 1800, and he combined tlie trades of watchmaker and carpenter, working principally at the latter trade. His death was on April 7, 1851. His wife was Eliz- abeth FFummer, and they had a family of eight chil- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 769 dren: John, who died young; David, who was the father of j. H., of this sketch ; Jacob ; Aaron, a watch- maker in Indiana; EHzabeth, the wife of Dr. Shaf- fer, of Shafferstown ; Priscilla, the wife of Jacob Shiie ; Catherine, the wife of Samuel Plasterer ; and Anna, who died at the age of twenty years. David Witmeyer (3), was born April 13, 1832, and in early life he learned the trade of watchmaker and followed the same through life. On Oct. 11, 1855, he was married to Susannah Hummer, and his death took place on July 28, i86i. Their chil- dren were three in number, the two survivors being Jeremiah H., of this sketch; and Henry H., the suc- cessful merchant of Penryn. Jeremiah H. Witmeyer was born in Penn town- ship Dec. 24, 1859. He was but one and one-half years old when his father died, and he remained with his mother until he neared twenty. His education was obtained in the district schools of the township. Later he learned the cigarmaking trade with his brother, continuing- to work at it for over five years, becoming then associated with his brother in the mer- cantile business in Penryn. Here he remained until 1900, since which time he has been occupied in mill- ing and farming. In 1894 "he purchased the mill property at White Oak, and has since resided there. Mr. Witmeyer is a consistent member of the German Baptist Church, and is one of the leading citizens of his neighborhood. His friends are numerous and he is known to be a man of the highest integrity as well as a citizen of public-spirit. The marriage of Mr. Witmeyer was to Miss Liz- zie Arndt, who was a daughter of John and Eliza- beth Arndt, and to this union were born ten children : Lillie A., Emma A., Susan A., Mary A., Aaron A., Lottie A., Annie A. and Bessie A., and two who died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Witmeyer have these bright young people with them yet, all receiving the best of educational advantages. Few families in this locality are more highly esteemed. JOHN S. KREITER, M. D. Prominently iden- tified with the interests of Akron borough where he is known and most highly esteemed, is Dr. John S. Kreiter, who was born near Lititz, Pa., Nov. 25, 1852, and for many years has been the faithful and successful physician in the majority of the old fam- ilies of this part of the county. Christian Kreiter, his grandfather, was a prosper- ous farmer who was located near Lititz, and near this place Dr. Kreiter was born and reared, a son of Sol- omon and Maria (Grossman) Kreiter. Solomon Kreiter was born in April, 1827, and died on May 8, 1863, at the early age of thirty-six. In November, 1847, he married Maria Grossman, and to this union eight children were born : Jacob, the present assessor of Warwick township, resides at Lititz ; Catherine, born in 1851, died in childhood ; John S. ; James E., born in 1855, died in 1884 ; David Henry and Henry David, twins, born in 1858, are thrifty farmers of Lancaster county; Martha mar- 49 ried L. H. Weisler, of Clay township ; and Solomon, Jr., died in infancy. Dr. Kreiter was reared on a farm and passed his boyhood there, attending the common schools, Lititz Academy and later the Normal Schools at Millers- ville and Indiana, Pa. In 1879 he began the study of medicine, under Dr. J. C. Brobst, graditating from Bellevue Plospital Medical College in New York city in 1,882, the same year locating at Akron, where he has since practiced his profession with success. On Oct. 15, 1885, Dr. Kreiter was married to Miss Carrie L. Zentmyer, of Lititz, daughter of Ben- jamin and Caroline (Sands) Zentmyer, and to this union have been born two sons and three daughters : Irene A., born Dec. 28, 1886 ; John E., born Nov. 6, 1888, died Jan. 20, 1889 ; Robert Ellsworth, born Jan. 28, 1890; Maud Victoria, born Nov. 22, 1892; and Josephine Alberta, born July 11, 1901. In his political belief the Doctor is an ardent Re- publican and has taken a great interest in public af- fairs. Socially he is connected . with the Lancaster City and County Medical Society, also with the State J^.Tedical Society, and is an efficient member of the board of health of Akron. Always interested in ed- ucational matters, he has frequently served as school director, and at all times gives his time arid, means to measures which promise good to the community. During the years of his residence in Akron, he has not only built up a fine practice by his skill, but he has gained the confidence and esteem of the whole lo- cality by his display of the characteristics of a true citizen. ELLA M. WINTER, of No. 14 South Queen street, is the only representative in Lancaster, bear- ing the family name of one of the oldest and best known families of Lancaster county. Her ancestors settled in this county early in 1700, and they have lived for generation after generation in Providence township. Her great-grandfather was a very ex- tensive land owner of Providence, and possessed, at the time of his death, eight fine farms, bequeathing one to each of his eight children. Miss M'^inter's grandfather, Christopher Winter, and her father, Silas Winter, were both born on the old homestead. There, -too, Aliss Ella was born, as were most of her brothers and sisters. Her mother was Miss Cather- ine Marks, daughter of Nicholas Marks, a store- keeper, potter and farmer of West Willow. Ten children were born to Silas and Catherine Winter, of whom seven are living, as follows : Miss Ella M., of South Queen street : Mary A., wife of Martin Le- fevre, a farmer of Chestnut Level ; Augustus, a farmer of East Drumore ; John F., of Pittsburg; Catherine, wife of Martin K. Reese, a milk dealer of Lancaster ; Laura, wife of J. Albert Rockey, a traveling salesman of Atglen ; and Walter H., a farmer of East Drumore. Silas Winter died in this city June 27, 1900, having retired six years before his death, and his wife entered into rest on March 21, 1895. 770 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Miss Ella M. Winter was born, as stated above, on the old homestead in Providence township. She was educated in the schools of that district, and came to Lancaster in 1875. Here she at once began dress- making, a pursuit in which she has been more than ordinarily successful. For six years she conducted dressmaking parlors over Rogers's confectionery store. West King street, and then for about four years was located in the Metzger & Haughman building in the same block ; in March, 1895, she took possession of th.e large building at No. 14 South Queen street, subletting some portions, but retaining enough room for her business and residence. She has been emi- nently successful, and in her busy seasons, frequently employs half a dozen or more expert dressmakers. Her work is noted for its reliability, and the artistic creations from her establishment are much prized by the ladies of Lancaster. Miss Winter is very in- telligent and well-informed on all general subjects. She is a member of the First Presbyterian Church, and popular alike in business, church and social ■circles. JOFIN C. THOMPSON, an industrious, suc- cessful and highly esteemed farmer of Bart township, Lancaster county, was born in the borough of Stras- burg Feb. 3, 1842, his parents being Jacob B. and Mary (Clayton) Thompison. The father was born in Steel ville, Chester county, Dec. 5, 1792, the mother, in Maryland, July 6, 1818. Jacob B. Thompson was a son of James and Lydia ( Bailey) Thompson, both of whom were born in Sadsbury township, this county, he in 1745, and his wife in July, 1750. The Thompsons were of Scotch-Irish extraction ; and the Claytons of English blood. James Thompson, grandfather of John C, was a soldier in the Revolution, and the sword he carried is now in the possession of his grandson, John C, in a good state of preservation. James Thompson lived for a time in York county, where he began his business life as a merchant, but later moved to Steel- ville, Chester county, where he bought a large body of land. There he erected a gristmill, cleared up a farm, and did a general trading business in flour, feed and such goods as were usually carried in a country store, his goods being conveyed on wagons from Philadeljjhia. He died at his home in Steel- ville in 1807, and his wife passed away in 1806. They left a large family : Elizabeth, born in York coun- ty, in 1774, married James Paxton, of Lancaster county: William died young; Robert was born in 177S; Andrew was born in 1781 ; Francis, born in May, 1785, died in 1820; James died in childhood; Tames (2), born in October, 1786, died in March, 1809: William (2), born in March, 1790, died in 1793; Jacob B. is the father of John C. Jacob B. Thompson was reared at home, and was" married in March, 1840, to Mary Clayton, a daughter of John and Harriet Clayton, both of whom were natives of Maryland, and early settlers of York county, Pa. Mr. and Mrs. Thompson made their home in. Strasburg borough for several years, and there he began business as a merchant. After a time they removed to Nobleville, on the line of Chester and Lancaster counties, where he conducted a gen- eral store for many years. It should be noted that upon his marriage he kept store some ten years at Buck, in Drumore township. At one time he was a very prosperous and successful merchant, but his brother being in difficulties he endorsed for him — an unfortunate move, as much of his savings were swept away. He died at his home in March, 1855, . and his widow came to Bart township, where she purchased the present home of the family in 1857, making her home with her son until her death, July 26, 1898. Both she and her husband were members of the Presbyterian Church for many years. He was a Whig in political sentiment, and a thoughtful and public-spirited citizen. They had a family of seven children, of whom ( i ) John C. was the eldest. (2) Lydia Thompson, born April 28, 1844, married Charles H. Tyson, of whom a sketch appears else- where. (3) James A., born in May, 1845, married Miss Ella Whiteside, of Colerain, and located on a farm near Collins, in that township, where he died April 14, 1899, leaving his wife with four children — John B. and Charles, of Bartville; William N., at home; and Violet, who graduated from the high school, and was just entering upon a bright and promising young womanhood when she was called to the Better Land, in September, 1900. (4) Har- riet, born in May, 1847, married Milton Heidel- baugh, a member of the Pennsylvania Senate from Lancaster county, and they have four children — George Ferree, a train dispatcher in Philadelphia; Mary Blanche, wife of Rev. William B. Anderson, now a minister in India (they have had two chil- dren) ; and Jacob and Willie, at home. (5) Robert, born in October, 1849, married Miss Martha Gilli- land, of Lancaster county, and lives in Philadelphia, where he is engaged in business as a commission merchant. (6) William D., born in March, 1851, married Miss Ella Baughman, of Bart township, and resides in Christiana, where he is a clerk in a store.. They have four children — Mary L., wife of Frank Pickle, of Bart township ; Maud, wife of Amos Fickning. of Bart township ; Clyde, who mar- ried Miss Lillie Groff, and resides in Bart township ; and Harry, who married Marian Helm, and has his home in Georgetown. (7) Jacob G., born in July, 1853. married Miss Clara Miller, a daughter of Will- iam and Sarah L. (Gilliland) Miller, and lives on his farm in Bart township. Their six children all live at home, James, Charles, Marvin, Frank, Anna G. and Robert M. John C. Thompson was reared and educated at home. His father died while he was still a boy, leav- ing him to care for his mother and manage the fam- ily estate. He has lived at home, and has remained unmarried. While the other children married and established homes of their own, he lived with his aged mother until her death. Since that time he has BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 771 continued on the home farm, his mother's estate, and he has taken high standing as an industrious and upright citizen. He has many warm friends in his locality, who cherish him for his kind acts and be- nevolent spirit. In politics he is a Republican, and he has held the office of township auditor. The Thompsons have mostly been associated with the Octoraro Presbyterian Church, and have held a high place among the families of the section. HACKMAN. The Hackman family is promin- ent in Manheim township, Lancaster county, and its oldest representative in that township is Jacob W. Hackman, who was born April 29, 1824, son of Ja- cob and Susan (Wise) Hackman, both natives of Clay township, where their lives were passed. The great-grandfather of Jacob Hackman is supposed to have been Henry Hackman, who came from Ger- many and settled in Clay township, where some of his descendants are still residing. The first of the family to come to this county was a farmer and probably a clergyman of the Mennonite Church. Jacob Hackman, the grandfather of Jacob W., was one of the extensive farmers of Clay township. His son, Jacob, the father of Jacob W., was reared in Clay, but after his marriage removed to Rapho township, where he spent some twenty years in farm- ing, then moving to Stark county, Ohio, and from there to Indiana, where he died at the age of sixty- five. His wife died when only about thirty years of age. They were the parents of four children : Pe- ter, who was a farmer, had his home at Millport, Warwick township, where he died at the age of sev- enty-two; Elizabeth died unmarried; Jacob W. is mentioned below ; Susan married Samuel Ruhde, and died in Upper Leacock township. Jacob W. 'Hackman was reared in Rapho town- ship and educated in the public schools. At the age of twenty-one years he engaged in farming in East Donegal township, where he remained two years, and then rented a farm in Millport, Warwick township, for twenty years being engaged in cultivating rented property in that township. In the meantime he had purchased a farm of 117 acres near the borough of Akron, which he cultivated for a time in connection with his rented property, and then sold it to buy a farm of no acres, lying in both Clay and Warwick townships, on which he lived for some nine years. He then bought a farm of 138 acres near Oregon, Warwick township, which became his home for more than twenty years. Pie is now retired from active farming labors, and is making his home with his daughter, Atrs. A. S. Lutz, of Warwick township. When Mr. Hackman was a young man of some thirty-five years he united with the German Baptist Church, of the West Conestoga district, and in 1862 was ordained to the ministry by Bishop Christian Bambarger. After his ordination he was assigned to the West Conestoga district, where he served as a faithful and God-fearing minister in active labors until within a very few years. Advancing years and the infirmities of age had made the duties of the head eldership burdensome to him, and after a long and devoted service he resigned its labors to younger men. Throughout the church he is much beloved and highly esteemed for his long and faithful minis- try. He is a venerable gentleman, and bears his years well. Mr. Hackman was married, Oct. 9, 1,845, to Miss Elizabeth Stauffer, daughter of John and Julia Ann (Kinsey) Stauffer. Mrs. Hackman was born in the east part of Lancaster county, Feb. 24, 1821, and is still living. To this union came five children : Julia Ann, wife of A. S. Lutz, of Warwick township ; Franklin S., a resident of Manheim township ; Jere- miah, residing in Mastersonville, Rapho township, where he is engaged in business as a merchant (he was a director of the Manheim Bank for about ten years, when he opened the store, and his directorship was then transferred to his brother, Jacob S., who continued to serve for some years) ; Jacob S., a resi- ■ dent of Rapho township ; and Fianna, who died at the age of nine years. Franklin ,S. Hackman was born Aug. 24, 1849, and was reared on the home farm, receiving his ed- ucation in the public school and in the State Normal at that point. About 1872 he began operations as a business man on his own account, being engaged in various enterprises until his marriage. After that event he followed farming. For four years, however, his farming operations- were interrupted by his con- nection with the Rossville mill. His home was in Warwick township until 1889, when he removed to his present beautiful home, three miles north of Lan- caster city, where he has a fine farm of 152 acres. He had previously lived on rented property. On this farm he has made extensive improvements, and the place bespeaks the ownership of a thrifty and suc- cessful farmer. The house has been thoroughly re- modeled, and Mr. Hackman has built a fine barn. He is a pulalic-spirited man, ready to co-operate in movements for the general good. While in Warwick township he was a member of the board of education for six years. Mr, Hackman was married, Nov. 20, 1874, to Miss Mary G., daughter of Joseph and Martha (Graybill) Pfautz, of Warwick township. She was born near Lititz, and is the youngest of the family, her birth occurring Jan. 16, 1855. Mr. and Mrs. Hackman have five children, Clayton P., Gertrude, Ada B., Franklin P. and Mabel. Gertrude is teach- ing in the county schools. The family have musical tendencies, and the home gives evidence of taste and refinement. The family belong to the German Bap- tist Church, and stand high in the community. AMOS SPIAUBACH. Since about 1844 the name of Shaubach has been known in various parts of Lancaster county, and has always represented re- spectability, honesty and industry. The family originated in Germany, Andrew Shaubach, the father of Amos, having been born 772 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY about 1826, at Hessen-Darmstadt, near the beautiful Rhine, the river of song and story, where he was reared, and learned the trade of turner. When eight- een years old Andrew Shaubach came to America, and found his way to Lancaster county, where he knew he would find countrymen. His first employer was Henry Mussleman, of Strasburg, with whom he remained several years, learning all of the details of farming. His means were limited, but he applied himself so industriously that when he wished to set up a home for himself he had the money and the knowledge to enable him to start farming on shares, and the succeeding two or three years were spent in that way. In the meantime Andrew Shaubach had purchased a small property in the vicinity of Herr- ville, comprising thirty-seven acres and for five years he worked this place, later disposing of it, as it was too small for his energies. Until 1871 he rented a large farm, at which time he was able to purchase one of his own, consisting of 152 acres, located in Strasburg, along the Beaver Valley pike road, near Refton, upon which place he made his home until his death. An accident terminated the life of this excellent and worthy man, on Dec. 19, 1889. As an example of the success which attends' earnest effort the life of Andrew Shaubach deserves wide consid- eration, and the universal opinion of the cornmunity was that the township had, in his death, lost a good citizen and a kind neighbor. In politics' he was a member of the Reptiblican .party ; he never held ofHce. Andrew Shaubach married Christianna Wirth, who was also born in Hessen-Darmstadt, in 1829, daughter of Paul Wirth, coming to the United States when ten years of age; she passed away Feb. 26, 1898. To this union came a family of six children: Amos, the subject of this article; Reuben, of Stras- burg township ; Annie, wife of Jacob S. Harnish, of .Strasburg township ; Andrew, a stockman of Lan- caster city; Maggie, wife of Adam Hornig, of East Lampeter township ; and Martin, a farmer of Prov- idence township. The parents of this family be- longed to the religious body called Dunkards. Amos Shaubach was born Oct. 16, 1850, and was reared a farmer boy, attending, in season, the dis- trict schools of his neighborhood. When he decided to marry, at about the age of twenty-six, he rented an excellent farm in Strasburg township, and con- tinued at general farming for six years, at the end of that period finding a property for sale which he desired. This land is situated two and one-half miles southeast of Strasburg, and contains eighty-eight acres, which under his excellent management com- pare favorably with any other tract in the county. A part of the success which has attended his efforts is no doubt due to the fact that Mr. Shaubach is a pro- gressive man, and believes thoroughly in the use of improved machinery and modern methods of tillage. His buildings testify to his taste and good manage- ment, while his cattle and stock speak well for the manner in which he cares for them. No new im- provement is introduced in the locality that does not find him an investigator of its merits, and if he finds it sensible and desirable he is often one of the first to put it into operation. Amos Shaubach was married, Dec. 7, 1876, to Elizabeth Lutz, daughter of George and Sarah ( Na- gle) Lutz, who- was born in New Danville, Pequea township, Dec. 24, 1853. To this union have been born seven children : George, who died in infancy ; Enos, born May 16, 1879 ; Jennie May, Aug. 5, 1881 ; Sarah Ella, January, 1884; Park, July, 1887; Amos, January, 1890; and Elizabeth, September, 1896. EDWIN H. BROWN. Few residents of Lan- caster have left a more enviable reputation in the wake of their tireless activity than did Edwin H. Brown, for thirty-two years connected with the Farmers' National Bank of Lancaster, of which in- stitution he was cashier for twenty-eight years. An innate public-spiritedness dominated the career of Mr. Brown, an earnest endeavor to advance the best interests of his native town, along lines approved by latter day thought and achievement. He was born in Sterling, Oct. 28, 1830, and died among the scenes which had profited by his business sagacity and un- questioned integrity, Oct. 17, 1889. John Brown, the father of Edwin H., was a watchmaker by trade, and through his union with Deborah Herman, reared to years of usefulness four children. Of these, Mary was the deceased wife of Jacob Rath f on, of Lancaster; Gilbert, also de- ceased, was at one time editor of a magazine, and was also coroner of Philadelphia ; Edwin H. ; and William, deceased, lived in Baltimore, Md. The children of John Brown received as good an educa- tion as the circumstances of their father permitted, and in his youth, Edwin H., especially,* improved the chances that came his way. After quitting the pub- lic schools he gained his first business experience in the dry goods establishment of David Bair, with whom he remained for five years, and then resigned to accept a similar position for one year in Shamokin, Pa. He then returned to Lancaster and was em- ployed in the postoffice, in charge of Mrs. Mary Dixon, and continued his position under the admin- istrations of G. W. Flammersley and Henry M. Reigart. He resigned from the postoffice to enter the employ of Reigel Brothers, dry goods merchants, of Philadelphia, in . which capacity he continued to serve until his return to Lancaster, Jan. 12, 1854. As bookkeeper of the Farmers' National Bank he worked his way into the good graces of the bank authorities, and proved himself so thoroughly in touch with advanced business methods that his pro- motion was from the first an assured thing. He soon became general bookkeeper, was after that re- ceivmg teller, and was elected cashier Oct i 1858 succeeding Henry R. Reed. At that time he was the youngest man ever assigned to so important a re- sponsibility. Upon his resignation and retirement Nov. 22, 1886, he was succeeded by C. A. Fon Der BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 773 Smith, the present cashier. Mr. Brown was noted for his faithfulness to every trust that came his way, for his devotion to his friends, and for his conserva- tive and wise characteristics. He was a member of St. John's Lutheran church, in which he was an ac- tive worker, and he was for many years Hbrarian of the Sunday school. He was "a Republican in poli- tics, but as became so broad-minded a citizen, be- lieved rather in personal fitness than in political creeds. He was very prominent in the general af- fairs of the town, was highly esteemed by his busi- ness and social associates, and exerted a progressive influence in the various avenues of activity to which nature and inclination called him. In his home relations Mr. Brown was p'articu- larly happy. His first marriage, which occurred in 1857, was with Susan Widmyer, born in Lancaster, Pa., a daughter of Christian and Harriet M. (Brown) Widmyer, natives, respectively, of Germany and Co- lumbia, I-ancaster Co., Pa. Mr. Widmyer came to America when eighteen years of age, and settled in' Philadelphia for a few years, later removing to Lancaster, where he was the pioneer cabinet maker and undertaker of the town. He died in 1892, at the age of eighty-six,, his wife have pre-deceased him in 1886, aged seventy-eight years. He is buried in W'oodward Hill cemetery. He was a member of St. John's Lutheran church, and filled many positions •of trust in the community, including that of direc- tor in the Farmers' National Bank. He built the first four-story building in Lancaster, his old home being on the present site of the court house. To him- self and wife were born the following children : Su- san A., deceased wife of Mr. Brown ; Clara H. ; Mary E., the wife of Daniel S. Bursk, a prominent ■grocer of Lancaster ; Emily F., living with Mrs. Brown ; J. Harry, a deceased undertaker of Lancas- ter ; and Christian H., a real estate dealer of Phila- delphia, Pa. To Edwin H: Brown and his first wife were born two children, of whom Christian H. is a physician of Philadelphia ; and Clara is the wife of Harry Williamson, a dry goods merchant of Lancas- ter. In 1884, two years after the death of his wife, Mr. Brown was united in marriage with Mrs. Clara H. CWidmyer) Kauflfman, widow of Daniel M. Kautfman (and sister of the first Mrs. Brown), by whom she had one son, Harry S., deceased when •eighteen years of age. Mr. Kauffman was a jeweler of I,ancaster, and died in 1861, at the age of twenty- five. He is buried in Woodward Hill cemetery. JOHN C. BROOME, contractor and proprietor •of plaster and cement works, and a specialist in lay- ing granolithic pavements, with his works and resi- dence in Columbia, Lancaster county, was born in Windsor township, York county. Pa., Jan. 17, 1847, son of Isaac and Mary (Frey) Broome, natives of Chester and York counties, respectively. Isaac Broome was a brickmaker at Black Horse, Chester county, but after settling in York county be- came a charcoal burner. He died in the latter county in 1879, at the age of eighty years, and his wife died in Columbia, in 1892, aged seventy-two, both in the faith of the United Brethren church. To their mar- riage were born the following children : George D., deceased ; Esther, wife of Isaac B. Uhl, of York coun- ty ; Maria, deceased wife of David Tarbert ; Cather- ine, deceased wife of George W. Johnson ; Elizabeth, who was married to John C. Kingbell, but is now de- ceased; Harriet, also deceased, who was the wife of Orril Ketters ; John C, whose name heads this ar- ticle ; Isaac, a contracting plasterer in Columbia ; Stephen, deceased ; and Mary, who became the wife of Dr. Wilmont Ayres, of Harrisburg, and died Nov. 7, T902. The paternal grandfather of John C. Broome was named Isaac, and was a native of Ches- ter county, and the maternal grandparents, Frey, were natives of Bavaria, Germany. John C. Broome remained with his parents until he was twelve years old, and then worked on an out- side farm until fourteen ; for two summers he worked on the canal. On Aug. 27, t86i, he enlisted for three years in Co. C, 87th P. V. I., and was first under Capt. Andrew J. Fulton, and later under Capt. Find- ley Thomas, and was assigned to the Army of the Potomac, taking part in all its marches and engage- ments as a brave and gallant soldier until April 4, 1864, when he veteranized in the same company. A synopsis of his service, though necessarily brief, is here given: His company joined its regi- ment at York, Pa., Sept. 11, 1S61, and Sept. 28th was stationed at Cockneyville, Md., on the Northern Central Railroad, where it remained until May 19, 1862, when it was transferred to Baltimore; June 22nd it was sent forward to New Creek, Va., and Aug. 22nd was started out in the real activities of war. Its line of march was for Elkwater, Va., via Rowlesburg, St. George and Beverley, in quest of the notorious Imboden; Sept. 12th it marched for Clarksburg and other points, and arrived in Win- chester Dec. 24th, after having had a skirmish with the enemy at Strasburg. On June 23, 1864, in a charge on the Weldon Railroad, he was wounded in the right thigh and was confined to the hospital from that date till January, 1865, but still suffers from the injury, as it was a suppurative wound. On Feb. i, 1864, he took part in battle, and May ist was pro- moted to be corporal ; June 23d, he was wounded at Petersburg; later he fought at Winchester, Front Royal, Wapping Heights, Kelley's Ford, Locust Grove, Mine Run, Spottsylvania, North. Anna, Gaines' A'lill, Cold Harbor, Bermuda and Petersburg (both battle and siege). Mr. Broome received an honorable discharge, and was mustered out of the service at Danville, Va., June 12, 1865. He returned to his home in York county, but in September, 1865, came to Columbia, and began the plaster busi- ness, and in 1872 began his present extensive con- tracting operations. On Feb. 22, 1865, John C. Broome was married at York, Pa., to Miss Mary J. Laucks, and to this union have been born thirteen children, viz. : Charles 774 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY F., at home ; Maggie A., wife of Samuel Arms, mer- chant in Columbia ; Belle, at home ; Samuel L., mar- ried to Maggie Fisher, and still living in Columbia ; Essie, Helen, Nelson and Esther, all four deceased ; J. Garfield ; Edward S. ; Lulu ; Melvin and Lillian, all still under the parental roof. Mrs. Mary J. (Laucks) Broome was born in Windsor township, York county, Pa., June lo, 1846, daughter of Samuel and Margaret (McGuigan) Laucks, of Chester county, but for more than fifty years residents of the county of York, where the fa- ther was engaged in agricultural pursuits until his death, which took place in 1887, at the age of sev- enty-two years; his M^dow lived to be eighty-three years old and passed away in 1896. Their children were born in the following order : John, a plasterer ; Elizabeth, wife of John Schenberger ; Samuel, a car- penter ; Philip, a farmer ; Margaret, married to Hen- ry Gilbert, a farmer : Mary J., now Mrs. Broome ; George, a merchant ; and Mattie and Hettie, both of whom died young. With the exception of Mrs. Broome and the deceased children, the others reside in York county, and all were reared in the faith of thfe Lutheran church. Mr. Broome is a contributor to the support of the L^nited Brethren church, although not a member. He belongs to the K. O. T. M., and G. A. R., and is a Mason of high degree. In politics he is a Republican, and as a citizen is honored and respected wherever known. SIMEON W. SWISHER, Esq., a much re- spected and retired farmer of Colefain township, was born in the home where he still lives. Sept 11, 1835, son of Uriah and Eliza (Coulter) Swisher, born in Colerain and Bart townships, the father in 1802, and the mother in i8or. John Swisher, grandfather of Simeon W., was born in Colerain township in 1762, and his wife, Rachel Woodrow, in 1769. They were married in 1789, and settled on the farm which is now owned by our subject, and there Mr. Swisher died in 1840, and his wife passed away in 1851, aged eighty-two years. They had a family of eight children, of whom all the sons except John settled hi Colerain township: (i) John married Rebecca McConnell, and settled in Cecil county, Md., where he lived and died; his family are also all deceased. (2) Simeon Swisher, born in 1792, married Elizabeth Pennington, and lived on a farm in Colerain township, until his death in 1859. (3) Henry. (4) Jeremiah Swisher, born in 1796, married Mary Pennington, and located on the farm now owned by his son, Samuel, and later in his life he bought property in Kirkwood, where he lived until his death, leaving a family, three of whom are living: Samuel, a farmer in Colerain township; Eliza, who married Hiram McClelland, and has her home in Ohio; and Hannah, the wife of Hiram Pierce, of Kansas. (5) Martha Swisher, who was born in 1799, died unmarried in i8r8. (6) Uriah was the father of Simeon W. Swisher. (7) Ellen Swisher, born in 1807, married John Coulter, and settled in Bart township, where they both died, leav- ing two children : John, who lives on the old home- stead; and Rachel, who married John Homsher, a merchant in Bartville. (8) Eliza Swisher, born in T809, married Henry Key lor, and both are deceased; they left a family as follows: Rachel, who mar- ried Charles Rynear, of Bart township ; Martha, who married Joseph Clark, of Chester county; Bet- sy, who married Robert A. Ferguson; John J., a resident of Mechanicsburg ; and Jacob, a farmer in Bart township. Uriah Swisher was reared at the old home where he received a good education in the subscrip- tion schools, there being no free school system at that time. Remaining on his father's farm all his life, he took care of his parents in their old age, and displayed qualities of a high order. The farm was deeded to him. He was married in September, 1824, lo Eliza Coulter, the daughter of John and Eliza- beth (Caughey) Coulter. The other children of Mr. and Mrs. Coulter were as follows : John, Jr., mar- ried Ellen Swisher, and died in Bart township; Mariah became the wife of Matthew Scott, removed to Iowa many years ago, and is deceased; Martha died unmarried ; Hugh married Anna Ross, of Ches- ter county, who moved to Iowa, where he died ; and Samuel married a Miss Caughey, and moved to Ohio, where he died. Uriah Swisher died in February, 1871, and his widow, Jan. 4, 1893. They were worthy and consistent members of the Presbyterian church, which they supported many years. In politics he was a Democrat, and was one of the first members of the school board after the establishment of the free school system in Pennsylvania. In the county conventions of his party his face was familiar, and he was a leading politician of his day. Several local positions were filled by him, including that of town- ship treasurer, and he was much respected in the community in which he lived. To Uriah Swisher and his good wife were born the following: John H., born in 1825, died in 1844; Marshall E., bom in 1827, died the following year ; Jeremiah F., born in 1829, died in 1844; William M., born in 1832, died in 1843 : Martha A., born in 1839, died in 1844; and Simeon W. Simeon W. Swisher was reared on the farm and was given such educational advantages as the times- afforded. In 1850 he entered the store of Thomas- Ferguson, at Bartville, where he proved himself a capable and reliable clerk. Four years later he en- tered the employ of Graham & Wilkinson, at George- town, but did not long remain there, going back tO' the old homestead where he took charge of the farm in his father's declining years. In 1857 he was mar- ried to Anna L. Pennington, of Chester county, daughter of Samuel and Mary A. (Starr) Penning- ton. Mrs. Swisher was born at Coatesville, Chester county, Aug. 12, 1836, and was reared to young- womanhood in a Quaker family. Her people had BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 775 always been prominent in the Friends' Association. Mr. and Mrs. Swisher settled on the old homestead, where have been born six generations. The modern improvements on this farm are the result of the labors of both the present and late owners of the place, and it is regarded as one of the most desir- able pieces of property in Colerain township. Mrs. Anna L. (Pennington) Swisher died Aug. i8, 1900. She was a faithful and consistent mem- ber of the Presbyterian Church. Her husband and a family of six children survive: (i) Mary E., born in 1858, received her education in the county union high school,, and is at home with her father. (2) Leonora, born in September, 1859, received a classical education, and married Lewis Ferguson, of Colerain township, where they reside on his farm, with their two children, Thomas W., and Charles L. (3) R. Luella, born in September, 1861, was educated in the Millersville Normal School, and for ten years was a successful teacher in the schools of Lancaster and Chester counties ; she is now the wife of Dr. E. Hogg, of Wilkesbarre, Pa., and has three children, Marian R., Edwin, and Orion. (4) Clem- ent P., born in July, 1863, died in childhood. (5) Charles P., born in October, 1864, was given an education in the home school and in the high school at Union and at Pennington (N. J.) Semin- ary. In young manhood, he engaged in farming the home place with his father, and for the last twelve 3'ears has taken its management in his own hands. He was married in March, 1890, to Maud L. Patterson, the daughter of T. L. and Elizabeth Patterson, representatives of old and prominent fam- ilies in Little Britain township. For three years they lived on a part of his father's home, and later moved into the present home of the family, where his wife died Nov. 27, 1895, leaving two children, Harold P., born in 1891 ; and Mary A., born in 1894. Mr. Swisher has remained at the home of his father, and is now engaged as manager and treasurer of the Southern Telephone and Telegraph Co., of which he is a stockholder and a leading spirit in its con- struction. He is a young man of fine business ability, and is a devoted church man, being an elder in the Union Presbyterian Church, and superintendent of the Sunday school. (6) Anna A., born in January, 1867, was educated in the Westchester Normal, and the Fernwood Ladies Seminary, and was a success- ful teacher for some seven years; she is now the widow of Howard P. Harvey, of Pomeroy, Chester county, who on the night of Nov. 22, 1901, was shot by an unknown hand, his body being found the following morning. (7) Minnie B., born March, 1873, was educated at the high school, and at the Drexel Institute, Philadelphia, and is at home, un- married. Simeon W. Swisher is a Democrat, and has long taken an active part in politics. For over twenty years he has held the office of justice of the peace, as well as other positions, such as school director and treasurer of the township. He has often been a delegate to county conventions. Mr. Swisher and his family are connected with the Presbyterian Church. He is a charter member of Lodge No. 417, F. & A. M., at Christiana (with which his son also affiliates), and was also a charter member of Lodge No. 544 I. O. O. F. He is the second oldest past master of the Christiana Masons now living. For twenty-seven years Mr. Swisher has been president of the Southern Mutual Insurance Fire Co., and for forty-seven years has been an auctioneer in Lan- caster county, where he is one of the leading and popular citizens, much esteemed for his solid and substantial character. FREDERICK HOEFEL (deceased) was for many years a prominent business man of Lancaster county, where he left many evidences of his ability in the shape of buildings of his construction. Mr. Hoefel was born July 22, 1847, in Wurtem- berg, Germany, son of Christian and Magdalena (Wagner) Hoefel, who passed all their lives in the Fatherland. The father was a cooper by occupation. Frederick was one of a family of five children, name- ly: George, who is in the coopering business in Wurtemberg, Germany ; Michael, who died in Wur- temberg; Frederick; Magdalena, whose husband is engineer on a railroad in Germany; and Christian, a carpenter of Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Frederick Hoefel was reared and educated in his native land, and there learned the trade of cabinet- maker. At the age of nineteen years he came to the New World, locating at once in Lancaster, Pa., where he entered the employ of Philip Dinkleberg, con- tractor and builder. After four years' work with that gentleman, he in 1873 commenced business on his own account, and was actively engaged thus until his death. In all he erected some five hundred houses in Lancaster City, among which we may mention the Maennerchor Hall, a square of buildings on Lime street, another on Frederick street, and a full square on New street from Duke to North Queen, besides many others. All testify to his skill and thorough- ness, which brought him so large a patronage. Hon- esty and integrity were his marked characteristics, and when Mr. Hoefel undertook a piece of work it was a guarantee that it would be well done. He gave his entire attention to his business, and though often solicited to accept office by his fellow citizens invariably refused. He acquired a well-deserved competence, and though a comparatively young man at the time of his demise, which occurred April 16, 1890, at the home in Lancaster now occupied by his widow, had gained a substantial position in his adopt- ed home. He is buried in Lancaster cemetery. So- cially Mr. Hoefel was a member of the Maenner- chor and the Schiller Verein, and in religious con- nection he united with Zion Lutheran Church, in which he was an active worker. His political sup- port was given to the Democratic party. On May 4, 1871, Mr. Hoefel was married, in Lan- caster, Pa., to Elizabeth Hoffman, a native of Hes- 776 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY sen-Darmstadt, German}', and children as follows blessed this union : Elizabeth is the wife of W. T. Killinger, who is in the stone business in Lancaster. Frederick is a tinsmith in Pottsville, Pa. George is a carpenter in Lancaster. Lena is the wife of Clifford Funk, a grocer in Lancaster. Harry is deceased. Christian, who was a telegraph operator, died May 30, 1902, at the age of twenty-one years ; he was accidentally killed while on an outing with his club. William, Mary and Philip are at home with their mother. George and Catherine (Hoerr) Hofifman, par- ents of Mrs. Hoefel, were natives of Germany, and passed all their lives in that country. The father was a coach builder by occupation. They had chil- dren as follows : William, deceased, who was a coachmaker in Germany; George, who is a school teacher in German)- ; Philip, deceased, who was a resident of Lancaster; and Elizabeth, widow of Frederick Hoefel. JOSIAH BEYER, a retired farmer of Bart township, Lancaster county, was born in Colerain township, April 15, 1830, son of David and Mary (McElwain) Beyer. The Beyer family came originally from Germany. Daniel Beyer, the grandfather of Josiah, was born in Montgomery county. Pa. He was a millwright by trade, and pursued that work in a number of mills in Lancaster county, and was the owner of a farm in Colerain township (which is still in the family), where he died. He married Rebecca Woodward, also a native of Montgomery county. The Wood- wards were of Welsh origin. To Daniel and Re- becca Be3'er were born : One child that died in infancy, before tlieir removal from Montgomery county ; Henry, who lived and died in Colerain town- ship; Andrew, a resident of Colerain township, where he lived and died ; Daniel, born in Colerain township, where he married, lived and died ; Rebecca, who married John McElwain, a farmer of Colerain township, where one of their children yet lives ; Rob- ert, of Colerain, who married a Miss Johnston, and had a family, two of whom are still living' — Mrs. WilHam Jacks, of Colerain, and Mrs. Joseph Car- heart, of New Jersey : David, father of Josiah ; and Thomas, born in Colerain, who spent his life in his native town, and died leaving a widow and five chil- dren, of whom one son, W. F., is a noted lawyer of Lancaster. David Beyer, father of Josiah, was born in Colerain township Dec. 26, 1803, and engaged in farming there. For some years he was also engaged in cutting wood for the iron company, to be used for charcoal. In 1832 he purchased the farm now owned by his son, and two years later moved upon it, erect- ing a house and barn, as well as making other sub- stantial improvements : he devoted the rest of his Hfe to its tillage, and died there in July, 1865. He married Mary McElwain, who was born in 1797, daughter of Patrick and Mary McElwain, who were born in Ireland and London, England, respectively, and who located in Colerain township soon after the close of the Revolution. Mr. McElwain crossed in the ship "Faithful Steward." He came to this coun- try to escape military service in the British army, and with others had been obliged to remain in hiding in his native country in order to escape fighting against the American Colonies in the Revolution. Mrs. Beyer died in 1874. Both she and Mr. Beyer were members of the Middle Octoraro Presbyterian Church. In politics he was a Democrat. To David Beyer and his wife were born the following named children : Rebecca, born in Colerain township, mar- ried Milton Keyler, a highly respected citizen of this county, whose sketch appears elsewhere ; Mary, mar- ried William McElwain, and both are now deceased ; David, born in " ^38, lived to be eighteen years of age, when he was called to the Promised Land ; and Josiah is mentioned presently. Josiah Beyer was reared to manhood at the pres- ent home of himself and family, and secured his edu- cation very largely by attendance at the winter schools while he was growing to manhood. He con- tinued to remain at home throughout the lifetime of his parents. In December, i860, he was married to Miss Hannah, daughter of Henry and Julia (Baugh- man) Heidelbaugh, prominent and respected farm- ing people of Bart township, the former born there Dec. 6, 1802, and the latter in 1804. Of the eight children' of Henry and Julia Heidelbaugh, two are living, George, Peter, Elizabeth, Mary A., John and Margaret being depeased ; Susan is the wife of Sam- uel Keen, of Bart township; and Hannah is Mrs. Beyer. Mr. and Mrs. Beyer went to live on the old Beyer homestead after their marriage, and there they have remained to the present time. He has made his in- fluence felt in the community, as a good citizen, a successful business man, and a thoroughly competent farmer. In the past forty years he has greatly im- proved the old place, and converted what was always a good farm into one of the best in the county. Four children have come to brighten the home of Mr. and Mrs. Beyer: (i) Laura, born in June, 1862, was reared and educated at home, receiving her instruc- tion at the local schools, and proving one of the bright and capable young women of the day. She married Edward H. Johnston, of Chester county, and they live on her father's farm in Sadsbury township ; they have one daughter, Lillian May. (2) David H., born in November, 1863, married Anna E. Shimp, and they, have their home on one of his father's farms in Bart township ; they have two sons, David S. and Ralph S. (3) John D., born in 1866, lives at home. He belongs to the Middle Octoraro Presby- terian Church, of which he is one of the elders. (4) Anna M.,_born in 1872, was given a collegiate educa- tion, and is a fine musician and instructor in the art of music. She is now the wife of Amos Pickle, and they have their home near Cochranville, Chester county. Josiah Beyer and his family are' all mem- WOdJOyh BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 777 bers of the Middle Octoraro Presbyterian Church, of which he has been a trustee for more than thirty years. In poHtics he has been a Democrat. He is a kind and pleasant Christian gentleman, and a thor- oughly competent and reliable agriculturist. JOHN N. LEHMAN. The family of Lehman is one of the oldest and most deservedly esteemed in Lancaster county. Joseph Lehman, the great-grandfather of John N. Lehman, was a farmer of West Lampeter town- ship. He was a Mennonite in faith, and a man held in reverence for his many virtues, dying at an ad- vanced age. He was the father of five sons and two daughters: John, Joseph, George, Samuel, Abra- ham, Elizabeth and Charlotte. All the sons were farmers, and Charlotte married a Mr. Bruneman, who was also a farmer. John Lehman, the grandfather of John N., was born in East Lampeter, Nov. 2, 1782, and died Dec. 2, 1870, having reached the advanced age of eighty- eight years. His wife, Elizabeth Kreider, was born July 7, 1780, and entered into rest April 21, 1857. Their three sons were named Joseph, John and Ben- jamin K., of whom Joseph was born Aug. 22, (812, and died in 1899, aged eighty-seven years ; and John, was bom June 15, 1814, and died in 1897. B'enjamin K. Lehman, the father of the gentle- man whose life forms the subject of this biography, was born Nov. 8j 18 17, in West Lampeter town- ship. He was an infant of some eighteen months when the family removed to Manor, where his father was for some j^ears a farmer in a small way. He lived at home until he had passed his twenty-fifth birthday, when he secured a farm for himself, and made a home for his parents until their death. His filial devotion was in consonance with his character, which was at once gentle and robust, tender yet firm. He continued to cultivate the farm until 1874, when he gave up active physical labor, and removed to his present home, two miles south of Mountville. At the age of forty-five he entered the Mennonite ministry, and in this field of Christian effort he has ever since been an earnest, zealous, self denying laborer. The Habacker and Masonville churches have been the chief objects of his pastoral care, he conducting services in these places on alternate Sun- days. His influence in the communit)^ has been potent for good, and it is not surprising that men admire his devotion and seek to follow in his footsteps. In 1840 he pledged his marital troth to. Elizabeth Newcomer. She was born April 25, 1818, daugh- ter of John Newcomer and his wife, Elizabeth Eshle- man. She entered into rest eternal in her seventy- fifth year. To the Rev. Benjamin K. Lehman and his wife were born ten children : Elizabeth, John N., Anna, Amos, Benjamin, Leah, Daniel, Catherine, Sarah and Emma. Elizabeth, born Dec. 3, 1841, married Jacob C. Seitz, of Manor township. John N., the subject of the present sketch, was born Oct. 9, 1843, and a somewhat extended account of his life and work may be found in the succeeding paragraphs. Anna, born in 1845, is the widow of Abraham Shel- lenberger, of West Hempfield. Amos, born April 14, 1847, is a Manor township farmer. Benjamin, born May 4, 1849, is a resident of Philadelphia. Leah died in infancy. Daniel, born Oct. 12, 1852, is a Mennonite minister and stationed at Millers- ville. Catherine, born Nov. 24, 1855, is the widow of Cyrus Neff. Sarah, born Sept. 18, 1857, is now Mrs. Peter Kreybill, of West Donegal. Emma (Mrs. Henry Haverstick), was born July 11, i860, and died in July, 1887. John N. Lehman, as has been said, was born Oct. 9, 1843. The first thirty years of his life were spent upon the homestead farm, and it was while living there that on Oct. 15, 1868, he was married to Emily ,S. Mann, whose parents were Bernard and Mary Ann (Staner) Man^, of Manor township, where she herself was born Aug. i, 1845. Six years after his marriage Mr. Lehman purchased the prop- erty known as the Berger farm, comprising seventy- five acres, and there he and his wife took up their home. There, too, they remained for twenty years,, the energy, sound sense and probity of our subject rendering his success a certainty in both general farming and market gardening. In 1894 he sur- rendered the management of this property to his son, and retired to his present home, which is sit- uated two miles south of Mountville. There he owns a plot of five acres, in the cultivation, improvement and beautifying of which he takes great pleasure. He has enlarged, renovated and practically remodeled the house standing on the land when he purchased it, and has erected barns and outbuildings of a sub- stantial character and -ornate appearance, rendering his place one of the most attractive in that section of Lancaster county. He has been an investor in various enterprises. Among them are the Mount- ville National Bank, the Columbia Stove Works, and the Mountville Manufacturing Co. He is thor- oughly well informed on public affairs, and takes a deep interest in everything pertaining to pubHc interests, and calculated to promote the general wel- fare. In religious matters, also he feels a vital con- cern, both he and Mrs. Lehman being active, devout and consistent members of the United Brethren Church. Their marriage has been blessed with two sons — Harvey M. and Cyrus. The younger died while a youth of seventeen years. Harvey M. Leh- man manages his father's farm ; he married Miss Florence Sherrick, and has had three children, of whom two, Carrie S. and John S. are living. Mr. and Mrs. John N. Lehman have also taken to their home and hearts a little one named Amanda C. Schultz, to whom they have given parental love and care since her babyhood. HENRY WOLF. For the past thirty-six years Henry Wolf. has been identified with the business interests of Lancaster, winning the esteem and con- 778 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY fldence of his fellow-citizens. He is one of the most highly respected German-American residents of this city, and was born in Baden, Germany, June 3, 1845, son of Henry and Philipena (Gaberdiel) Wolf. Henry Wolf, the father, came from Germany to America in 1851, settling with his family in Lan- caster, Ea., where he engaged in the manufacture of rope, but his career was stopped by his death about six months later, in April, 1852, at the age of forty years. His wife was born in 1810, and died in 1893. Both parents of our subject were most worthy members of the Lutheran Church, and their remains lie in the Old German Lutheran and Lan- caster cemeteries. The mother's second marriage was to Christian Hug, but no children were born to that union. Henry Wolf, subject of this sketch, was one of three children born to his parents, and the only one who survived infancy. He accompanied his father and mother to Lancaster' in 185 1, and was educated in the German schools. He began to learn the cab- inetmaking trade with Anthony Iski, of this city, remaining with him two and one-half years. In January, 1863, he entered the army and worked as a wheelwright for the Government, at Falmouth, Va., for four months. On his return he was again employed by Mr. Iski for a few months, prior to going to Philadelphia, where he followed his trade a short time, later doing carpenter work in Wash- ington City, in this way seeing considerable of the country, and at the same time gaining valuable ex- perience in his trade. Upon his return to Lancaster, Mr. Wolf worked at his trade for a short time, but then accepted a Government offer and returned for ten months to Washington. When he again took up work in Lancaster, it was for himself, opening up a business in cabinetmaking and furniture deal- ing, also undertaking, continuing until June, 1899, when he retired from the last named line, and in No- vember, 1901, gave up business activity, deem- ing it time to take the rest his long years of industrj' had so well earned. Although deeply engrossed in his business, Mr. Wolf has always found time to perform the duties of a good citizen. Politically he is a Democrat. For one year he was a very efficient member of the common council, and for two years belonged to the select council. His interest in educational matters has been shown by a membership of ten years on the school board. He has been liberal minded and pub- lic-spirited and possesses in a high degree the re- spect of the community. Mr. Wolf has been prom- inent in fraternal circles, being a Commandery and Chapter Mason, while in the order of Odd Fellows he was a representative of the order to the Grand Lodge for twenty years, and was trustee also for many years. In the order of Knights of Pythias he has also been very active, and has passed all the chairs with the exception of the Seven Wise Men. He belongs to Zion Church. On Oct. 16, 1866, Mr. Wolf married Anna Hoff- man, born in Hessen, Germany, in December, 1845, daughter of Christian and Mary (Kreigbaum) Hoff- man, who came from Germany to America in 1847, and carried on a tailoring business in Lancaster. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Wolf were: Anna M., who married J. Henry Gerhart; Mary, who died at the age of four years ; Wilhelmina, who married William L. Marshall, a clerk in the Farmer's Bank, in Lancaster; Henrietta, who died young; Louisa, who died young; and Ella and Elizabeth, at home. EI.J L. KREIDER, a successful farmer of East Lampeter township, comes of a family which has been long established in Lancaster county. Jacob Kreider, his grandfather, was bom and reared in West Lampeter township. When a young man he purchased a farm near where our subject now lives, in East Lampeter township, and contin- ued to follow agricultural pursuits during his entire life. He married Miss Lizzie Denlinger, of Lan- caster county, and they were the. parents of the fol- lowing children: Polly, the wife of John Buck- holder ; Barbara, the wife of Joseph Frantz ; Tobias, a farmer of West Lampeter; Jacob, a farmer of Leacock township ; Lizzie, wife of Benjamin Landis ; Hettie, wife of Isaac Stoner ; Annie, wife of John Landis, a preacher in the Old Mennonite Church; Abraham, the father of our subject; Catherine, wife of Benjamin Landis; and Isaac, a farmer of East Lampeter township. Abraharh Kreider was born in East Lampeter township, Aug. 5, 1821, and followed farming all his life on a place of which our subject now owns part. He died Feb. 20, 1899. On Jan. 14, 1845, he was married to Elizabeth R., daughter of Benjamin and Elizabeth Landis. They had a family of eight children, one of whom died in infancy. The others are : Elizabeth, wife of Isaac Lefever ; Anna, wife of Jacob Bernheimer; Eli L., our subject; Amanda, wife of Levi Weaver ; Barbara, wife of Harry Den- linger; Mary, unmarried; and Amos L., a resident of East Lampeter township. The parents were both members of the Old Mennonite Church. Eli L. Kreider was born in East Lampeter town- ship, Alay 12, 185 1, and lived at home until about 1887, since which time he has continued on the place where he now resides. He has also conducted his father's farm. He owns a place of about twenty acres, on which he and his father have made ex- tensive improvements. Mr. Kreider is one of Lan- caster county's progressive men and most respected citizens. HENRY TERRY, a retired and highly respect- ed farmer and citizen, was bom Sept. 10, 1829, in his present home in Maytown, East Donegal town- ship, son of George W. and Elizabeth (Haines) Terry, the former a native of Bucks county, Pa., and the latter of Maytown, Lancaster county. George W. Terry, a shoemaker by trade, came BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 779 to Maytown a single man, was here married and here died in 1837, at the age of forty-three years, his widow surviving him until February, 1870, when she passed away aged seventy-seven. They were members of the Reformed church, and their remains were interred in the cemetery of that denomination at Maytown. The children born to George W. and Elizabeth Terry were four in number, and were as follows: Anthony, who died at the age of forty- three years; George, also deceased; Elizabeth, who died unmarried when twenty-two years old; and Henry, whose name opens this sketch. The paternal grandfather of Henry Terry was a farmer by calling and was of Scotch descent; the maternal grandparents, Henry and Elizabeth (Haines) Haines, were natives, respectively, of May- town and the lower part of Lancaster county. Henry Terry, at the age of thirteen years, entered a tailoring establishment in Philadelphia, learned the tailor's trade, and at the age of eighteen went to Caledonia, Tenn., where he worked for a brother two years. He then went to Mills Point, next to Memphis, which latter city was his headquarters for a year and a half while he worked at his trade up and down the river. After an absence of two years Henry Terr J returned to his home, and went on the road as a salesman, clearing about $1,800 for his employ- ers in a year and a half, and with his own share of the earnings paid for his schooling at the high school in Maytown for two years. Later, he attended the Millersville State Normal School, in which he was a member of Page Literary Society. Of this So- ciety, in 1863, including Mr. Terry, loi members formed a military company (under Captain J. P. Wickersham) and offered their services to the Na-' tion for the protection of its flag and the preserva- tion of the Union, but the company was never mus- tered into the service, although for seven days it was stationed before Wrightsville, whence it was re- turned to Lancaster and dismissed. On his return from this little military duty, Mr. Terry taught school seven sessions, then engaged in the agricult- ural implement business for eleven and a half years, and then in farming in East Donegal township for fifteen years, retiring in 1894. Henry Terry has been twice married, his first wedding having taken place in Manheim, in 1854, to Caroline P. Arndt, to which union was born one child, Cyrus, who died in infancy. Mrs. Caroline P. (Arndt) Terry, a native of Manheim, Pa., was called away in 1856, at the age of twenty-two years. She was a daughter of George and Mary A. Arndt, who are among the most respected residents of Man- heim borough. In December, 1864, in Mechanicsburg, Pa., Henry Terry, married Susan E. Deemy, a record of whose antecedents will be given later on. To this happy union have been bom six children, -in the following order : Ion E., druggist at Millville, N. J., and mar- ried to Sally Trover ; Hiester C, married to Tenah Harmon, a molder of Maytown, Pa. ; Edith T., mar- ried to Adam Kautz, farmer of East Donegal town- ship; Laura E., married to Wilson McMullen, also a molder; Virginia E., married to Charles Evans, bricklayer, of Maytown; and Blanche C, married to Albert Johns, a molder of the same town. Mrs. Susan E. (Deemy) Terry was born in Cum- berland county, Pa., Feb. 10, 1841, and is the seventh of the eight children born to Jacob and Mary (Page) Deemy, of Dauphin county. Pa., where they resided many years, and whence they removed to Cumber- land county, where the father died in 1868, when seventy-four years of age, in the faith of the Luther- an church; his wife had passed away in 1857, when fifty years old. The eight children alluded to as constituting the Deemy family were born in the fol- lowing order : Christ, William and Jane, deceased ; Emanuel, a physician of Mechanicsburg, and form- erly a surgeon in the army ; Daniel, a farmer in Kan- sas ; Samuel, deceased ; Susan E., now Mrs. H. Ter- ry ; and Martha, deceased wife of John Schaffer. Politically Henry Terry is a Democrat. In re- ligion he is a member of the Reformed Church, was the first vice president of the Nevin Missionary So- ciety in Maytown, and is a remarkably moral and abstemious gentleman. He has never sworn an oath in his life, nor has he ever been under the influence of strong drink. He is extraordinarily spry for his years, and his chirography is both elegant and free from nervousness. SAMUEL ESHLEMAN. Among the old, hon- ored and substantial families of Lancaster county, none are held in higher esteem than that of Eshle- man, and one of its worthy representatives was Sam- uel Eshleman, of Strasburg township, who entered into rest Jan. 2, 1902, aged seventy-one years, two months and twenty-nine days. Samuel Eshleman was born on a farm adjoin- ing the one upon which he died, Oct. 3, 1830, son of Jacob and Barbara (Miller) Eshleman, both of whom were highly regarded in that locality. Sam- uel grew up on the farm and attended the common schools, remaining at home until the age of twenty- one, when he began agricultural operations on his own account, on the place he last occupied as a home. When he first took charge of this property, the farm consisted of seventy-two acres, but with the ad- ditions he was afterward able to make it now com- prises 103 acres. Mr. Eshleman owned other de- sirable property, consisting of a farm of seventy- one acres which adjoins the home farm, and another of sixty-two acres, located in Providence township. In addition he owns several tracts of timber land in Providence and Martic townships, ranging from four to eighteen acres, and a farm of forty-two acres in Strasburg and one of twenty-one, which adjoins the farm, east of the homestead. Mr. Eshleman devoted almost his entire time to his farming interests, operating the homestead and the adjoining farm, carrying on a general line and also raising considerable stock. Some years ago, 780 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Mr. Eshleman took a rest from active labors, but later resumed operations. Through life he was in- dustrious and made a success of his business, be- cause he paid such close attention to it, and his life was an excellent example of what can be accom- plished by one who has sufficient energy and de- termination, as most of Mr. Eshleman's property was acquired by his own efforts. In 1870, Samuel Eshleman was married to Miss Annie Eshleman, a daughter of Elijah and Chris- tiann (Barr) Eshleman, and they became the par- ents of ten children : Enos J., born June 28, 1871, lives at home, and is the executor of his father's estate ; Ira S., born April 7, 1873, married Miss Ma- tilda Stively ; Edith Annie, born April 17, 1876, died Feb. 15, 1883; Mary Emma, born Oct. 24, 1877; Ellis Miller, born March 8, 1879. died Jan. 2, 1883 ; John Henry, born Aug. 19, 1880; infant son, de- ceased ; Clara Susan, born Jan. 15, 1884 ; Anna Eliza- beth, born March 17, 1885 ; and Emlin Franklin, born on June 3, 1889. Mrs. Eshleman is a valued and consistent member of the Reformed Mennonite Church, of which Mr. Eshleman was also a mem- ber, and in which he had been a deacon since 1888. The family is one of the most worthy and respected in this part of Strasburg township. ISAAC BUCKWALTER, a well-known resi- dent of West Lampeter township, belongs to one of the old families of Lancaster county, being the fifth generation of the Buckwalters. John Buckwalter, hi-s father, was born on the old family homestead in East Lampeter township, about a half mile north of Greenland, in 181 5, son of John Buckwalter, Sr., also a resident of East Lampeter township. John Buckwalter was reared on the farm where he was born, and after his marriage located on a farm of seventy-nine acres in West Lampeter, two and a half miles southeast of Lancaster, what was known as the Yordy Farm, which he greatly improved, remodelling the house, and making the place one of the most desirable in the township. All his life he was a farmer, and was known as a man who never sought, or would accept, a public office, much preferring the peaceful and happy life his fam- ily and friends afforded. John Buckwalter was mar- ried to Fannie Resh, daughter of Henry and Judith (Buckwalter) Resh, who lived north of Bird-in- Hand. She was born in 1815, and died in 1884, her death and that of her husband occurring in the same week. They were both members of the Mennonite Church and were the parents of a family of seven children: Annie is the wife of Jonas Harnish, of Strasburg ; Jacob lives in East Lampeter township ; Martha is the widow of Henry H. Herr, of New- Providence; Judith is single; John died in April, 1900, when fifty years of age ; Isaac ; and Lizzie is unmarried. In 1872 Mr. Buckwalter retired from active life, and removed from the farm where he had passed so many industrious years to another prop- erty which he owned in the same township, where he lived retired, and in due time died full of years and honor. Isaac Buckwalter was born Aug. 31, 1854, on the farm where he is now living, and which he is engaged in cultivating. His education was secured in the public school, and when he was twenty-four he was married. At this time he began farming op- erations on his own account; taking charge of the farm where he is now living. His entire attention has been given to farming and dairying. For nine years he had a milk route in the city of Lancaster, his dairy being known as the "Crystal Springs Dairy." In 1899 he retired from the milk business, and is now giving his entire attention to the conduct of his farm, on which he has made some very valu- able improvements. Both as a man and a citizen ihe worth of Isaac Buckwalter is conceded, and he has been chosen to administer several large estates. On Nov. 25, 1877, Isaac Buckwalter was mar- ried to Mary Stauffer, who was born in East Lam- peter township in 1859, daughter of Benjamin and Annie (Kreider) Stauffer, and who died in the spring of 1881, at the early age of twenty-two years, leaving two children, Benjamin S. and Fannie. Ben-, jamin S., who married Cora Seaboldt, and has one child, Paul, lives in West Lampeter township ; Fan- nie died in infancy. On Nov. 22, 1884, Isaac Buckwalter was mar- ried to Annie Kreider, daughter of Benjamin' and Lizzie (Good) Kreider. To this union have come five children: John K., Elias K., Mary K., Annie K. and Lizzie IC. All the Buckwalters belong to the Old Mennonite Church, and are reckoned among the most substantial people of this section of the county. DAVID LEFEVER. Among the old and high- ly respected families of East Lampeter township, is that of Lefever, whose numerous descendants have scattered over many parts of the Union, and with the name have established reputations for thrift, hon- esty and uprightness of life. David Lefever, a much esteemed farmer of this township, was born in East Lampeter township, Oct. 15, 1824, son of John and Magdalena (Neff) Lefever, and grandson of John and Betsey (Howry) Lefever. To John and Betsey (Howry) Lefever were born four children : Daniel, who married Barbara Neff ; George, who married Barbara Denlinger ; John ; and one child, who died in youth. John Lefever, the father of the subject of this biography, was bom Feb. 27, 1792, and died in 1856. He married Magdalena Neff, who was born Nov. i9> 1797. and who died in 1831. Their children were: Susanna, born Jan. 11, 1819, is the widow of Henry Kreider, and lives in Illinois ; Henry, born April 7, 1820, died April 6, 1900, leaving his widow, Charlotte (Blair) Lefever, a resident of Sterling, 111., where he was engaged as a merchant, miller, dealer m lumber, etc. ; Daniel, born June 19, 1821, married Frances Martin (deceased), and died April 3, 1898; John, born Jan. 26, 1823, married Mary BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 781 Douer and lives retired, in Millport; David; Jacob, born Dec. 19, 1826, married Annie Kreider, and is a retired farmer, of East Lampeter township ; Bar- bara, born July 25, 1829, first married Benjamin Diffenbach, and is now the widow of Levi Howard ; George N., born July 25, 1829, a twin brother of Barbara, married Annie Landis, and resides in West Lampeter township. This farnily has a very remarkable record of longevity, the first death in the family circle of chil- dren being that of Daniel, on April 3, 1898, on which date the youngest in the family had reached the age .of seventy. The parents of these children reared them in the religious atmosphere of the Old Mennonite Church, of which they were consistent members, and they rest in the cemetery connected with the Mel- linger Church. David Lefever was reared on the farm and was but seven years of age when his kind mother was removed by death. Until he was nineteen years old, he was able occasionally to attend school some six- teen or seventeen days in a term, if the threshing or corn planting did not have to be done, and as he was a studious lad, made all the progress he could. The school house at Mellingers, he remembers as being equipjjed with slab seats and the light admitted through windows of four or five panes of glass, 6x8, and all of the other surroundings were of a similar nature. However, in making any compari- son with the superior advantages afforded the chil- dren of to-day, we should pause and question whether the probabilities are that the latter will fit for the battle of life any class of citizens more likely to adorn every station of life, than those who obtained their desultory education under such adverse circum- stances. At the age of twenty-one, David Lefever was married to Eliza Buchwalter, a daughter of Martin Buchwalter, and at once began housekeeping, rent- ing a farm belonging to his wife's grandfather, John Buchwalter. For the succeeding three years he op- erated this farm, but in 1848 purchased a farm in Bareville. It required much good management and economy to pay off the indebtedness on this place, but his energy and industry were untiring and he soon had improvements under way and was pros- pering, when he had the misfortune to lose his barn by fire. This he replaced by a better one and later sold this farm to advantage, buying his present most desirable farm in 1880, and taking possession of it in 1881. This is one of the model farms of the coun- ty, all of the improvements being of the most sub- stantial and modern character, and all of the sur- roundings indicating the thrift and prosperity which prevails. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Lefever, ■Were: Sarah; Martin, who was given an excellent education and taught school for several terms; Amos ; twins, both of whom died ; David, a student of Annville College, who taught school for ten years and is now publisher of a newspaper at Ephrata; Eliza, the twin of David, born Jan. 5, 1855 ; Elias, who is a Baptist clergyman, in Ephrata; Martha, a deceased twin sister of the latter ; John ; and Emma. The beloved mother of this family died Sept. 10, 1894, having been a devoted Christian, a member of the Old Mennonite faith, a kind neighbor and a woman of the most exemplary character. David Lefever is also a consistent member of the Old Men- nonite Church, and is a man who possesses the re- spect of the community in which he has lived so long. His influence is always given in the direction of ed- ucation, charity and temperance. F. W. WOOLWORTH, the millionaire owner of seventy-five Ten Cent Stores, all east of Pittsburg, and who has erected the finest business block in Lan- caster, and one of the finest in the State, practically began his business life in that city, as it was there he achieved his first pronounced success. The store which he established here June 21, 1879, was a small affair 14x35 feet, at No. 170 North Queen street, but it was a success from the moment he opened its doors. In recognition of the encourage- ment which the Lancaster people had given him at the beginning of his career, Mr. Woolworth put up the magnificent structure on North Queen street, known as the Woolworth Building, which was opened to the public just before the Christmas holi- days of 1900. This gentleman is regarded as a Lan- castrian, not only by adoption, but by feeling, sym- pathy and loyalty. Although modest and unassum- ing to a marked degree, there is that about him which indicates the strength of purpose and execution of a giant. In the New York Tribune, Jan. 6, 1901, ap- peared a half-page article, accompanied by pictures of himself, his Lancaster building, and his palatial residence at Fifth Avenue and 80th street. New York City, of which F. W. Woolworth was the sub- ject. From this lengthy and interesting article the substance of the following paragraphs is taken : "In the old Stewart building, on the corner of Broadway and Chambers street. New York, a ca- pacious suite of rooms is occupied as the headquar- ters of the Woolworth stores. From this private office Mr. Woolworth keeps his hand upon the large commercial structure which he has reared. With the telephone he talks with his seventy-five managers whenever the occasion requires, hears their verbal reports and gives orders for their guidance. Each store has a local manager ; there is one man who does nothing but look after, the ^ various fixtures of the different properties; two inspectors, who keep con- stantly on the move, and arrive when least expected ; a financial manager; five buyers of domestic goods, and two of foreign goods ; and a large force of office employes. "Mr. Woolworth's buyers go abroad on business every year, and the population of several consider- able German towns is entirely occupied in filling his orders. This plan goes far to explain the large value received by the purchasers of the Woolworth goods. 782 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS (t' T-ANCAST^j^ COUNTY Cash is paid, and there is no middle profit. Mr. Woolworth imports a larger tonnage of toys and tree ornaments than all other United States buyers put together, more than one-half the product of the world. In the holiday season he employs more than 5,000 people in this country, while in midsummer his employes may not number more than 1,800. His salary list last year exceeded half a million dollars." F. W. Woolworth, the proprietor of the Wool- worth stores, is typical of the Americans who see the road to success through original ideas, who have the courage and pluck to follow that path. Still on the sunny side of fifty years, erect, clear-eyed and vigorous, direct of speech and manner, it is not diffi- cult to see in him the qualities that have made Ameri- can trade and commerce synonymous with enterprise and pluck the world over. Mr. Woolworth comes of an English and Irish stock, and was bom in Rodman, Jefiferson Co., N. Y., on his father's farm, April 13, 1852. He had ten years' schooling, walk- ing two miles back and forth for it in the hard win- ter weather of that country, and in the summer help- ing his father on the farm. The elder Woolworth moved to Great Bend, N. Y., in March, 1859, where he bought another farm. Here, the boy led the life of a farmer until he was twenty-one years old, in the meantime completing a thorough course at the Watertown Commercial College. This was done by the exercise of the strictest economy, young Wool- worth and his chum boarding themselves, while his mother not only made his clothes, but drove in the old mare from the farm ten miles away, every week,' and brought them a basket of "board." Following his graduation young Woolworth went to work in the dry-goods store of Augsbury & Moore, which became Moore & Smith, of Watertown, N. Y., who introduced a five cent counter where Wool- worth got the idea of a five cent store. For six years he remained at Watertown, displaying such business ability that his employers backed him with a small line of credit for the establishment of a store in Utica. This was in February, 1879, ^^d the enterprise was practically a failure. Undaunted and undiscouraged his former employers extended the credit of Mr. Woolworth, and he came to Lancaster, Pa., to open a store near the corner of North Queen and Chestnut streets. This was a success, and from it Mr. Wool- worth has gone on to a brilliant career. Mr. Woolworth was married June 11, 1876, to Miss Jennie Creighton, then of Watertown, N. Y., her father, Thomas Creighton, being a farmer of Picton, Ontario, Canada. This union was blessed with the birth of three children, Helena, Edna and Jessie, the latter still at school. They all display marked musical talent, and enjoy the best oppor- tunities of the great metropolis. EDWARD J. KNOX, who is now a retired farm- er at Christiana, where he has in former days ably filled the position of justice of the peace, is one of the prominent citizens of this part of Lancaster coun- tf- . ' ' ■ k well-earned reputation for ability and c lai . ■-'.-* ■'li'. Knox' was born in Leacock town- ship, this iSiiiief; Dec. 20, 1844, son of David S. and Anna (Jacobs) Knox, also natives of that town- ship. David S. Knox, who was a prominent and wealthy farmer, began life with nothing to help him but his strong arm and good clear mind, and he left at his death an estate of over $60,000. His later years were spent in Salisbury township, where he lived retired from business cares and activities, and where he passed away Dec. 8, 1898, at the age of seventy-nine. His wife, Anna Jacobs, died in 1888, at the age of. sixty-seven, and both were buried in Bellevue Cem- etery at Gap, Pa. They were members of the Pres- byterian Church. To them were born the following children: Edward J., whose name appears at the opening of this article ; Robert N., a drover and cat- tle dealer at Gap ; Martha A., on the old home farm in Salisbury township ; John D., a farmer in Sads- bury township ; Eva M., married to Harry Reeser, a farmer in Chester county; and Clara; who died young. The paternal grandparents of Edward J. Knox were Robert and Martha (Sterling) Knox, farming people of Leacock township, where they spent their lives. His maternal grandfather was Edward Jacobs, also a farmer of Leacock township. Edward J. Knox remained with his parents until he was twenty-one, when he took charge of one of his father's farms, which he carried on for six years before he was married. After that event he continued to live on this place for a few years, and then set- tled on another farm in Sadsbury township. After a time he purchased a farm in that township, on which- he made his home until 1900, when he gave up active work and located in Christiana, where he lives retired. Shortly before his removal to his pres- ent quarters he was elected- justice of the peace at his home in Sadsbury township, for a term of five years. On Jan. 9, 1873, Edward J. Knox was married, in Sadsbury township, to Frances A. Williams, a daughter of Zachariah B. and Hannah (Dolby) Williams. He and -his wife belong to the Bellevue Presbyterian Church, and are highly respected for their many good qualities. In his political views he is a Democrat, and has proved himself a good and upright citizen. HENRY B. BUCH, an enterprising and pros- perous coachmaker in Lititz, was born Oct. 23, 183,=;, at Kissilhill, Lancaster Co., Pa., and is a son of Jacob and Maria (Brubaker) Buch, also natives of Lancaster county. Jacob Buch was born at Kissil- hill in 1810, was a blacksmith and coachmaker, was a Democrat in politics, and died in 1877 ; his widow- is now eighty-six years old. Their children were: Henry B., whose name opens this article ; Jonathan B., deceased ; Sarah, wife of Joseph R. Bollinger, of Lititz ; Jacob A., in the lumber business in Reading, BIOGRAPHIC' -I "5, OF LANCASTER COUNTY 783 Pa.; and Franklin B., manager (". .Y^'rr'rri'frto-) ' le Knitting Mill, but a coachmaker b} '■'■" Henry B. Biich was reared at Kis. .nui, was edu- cated in the common schools and at an academy in Mechanicsburg, Cumberland county. He first learned the blacksmith's trade under his father, and then woodwork and painting under Isaac Hollinger. At the age of twenty-two years he married and started in business at Kissilhill, and for twenty-four years did an extensive business, employing a large num- ber of hands. In 1879 he came to Lititz, and for a time was connected in business with his son-in-law, and later with the Srosh Carriage Co. In 1890 he started in business on a small scale, on his own ac- count, and now does quite an extensive business in coach manufacturing and in repairing. On May 12, 1857, Mr. Buch married Miss Cath- erine L. Stehman, a daughter of Christian and Cath- erine Stehman, and to this union have been born five children, of whom two only reached the years of ma- turity, viz. : Elizabeth Ida, wife of Joseph B. Wiss- ler, a farmer in Clay township; and Ellen, married to John M. Amer, manager of Barney McGran's farms, at Lancaster. Mr. Buch is a member of the Evangelical Church. In politics he is a stanch Demo- crat, and is very popular with his party and with the public, as is evidenced by the fact that he has been twice elected a burgess — a body which stands four Republicans to one Democrat. He has also been a member of the Democratic county committee, and has often been sent as a delegate to Democratic conventions. He is a useful and public-spirited citi- zen, and is ever ready to lend a heliiing hand in pro- moting the prosperity of his borough and township. GEORGE H. ROATH, patternmaker and gen- eral machinist for the Marietta Casting Co., and re- siding in East Donegal township, West Marietta borough, was born in this township Sept. 26, 1850, son of Hon. E. D. and Susan W. (Hippie) Roath, of whom a full biography is given on another page in this work. George H. Roath lived on a farm from i860 until 1865, then located in Marietta and worked at various occupations until 1868, when he entered a coach- maker's shop and there worked two and a half years. He was next employed by his father, who was con- ducting a machine shop in partnership with a Mr. Stibgen, learned the trade, and became an expert , mechanic, but in 1873 the father sold out his interest. George H. then went to Middletown, Pa., for a few months, and thence to Mount Vernon, Ohio, where he worked in a 'steam-engine foundry a few months longer. Owing to the panic in the fall of 1873, he thought it prudent to return to Marietta, Pa., where he worked at coachmaking until 1874, then as a ma- chinist until 1875. In 1876 Mr. Roath and Henry Stoner leased a foundry in Drumore township and operated it imtil 1878, when Mr. Roath returned to Marietta, and for two and a half years conducted a machine shop for R. J. Clark & Co. His next em- ployment was on the road as engineer for the Ameri- can Steam & Heating Co. From 1884 until 1889 Mr. Roath worked in a sash and door factory, and then accepted his present position with the Marietta Casting Co., giving the greatest possible satisfaction, as he is a natural-born mechanic, and can make al- most anything that can be made from iron or wood. In June, 1887, Mr. Roath married, in Marietta, Maria Fisher, and to this marriage came one child, who died young. Mrs. Maria (Fisher) Roath was born near Birmingham, E'ngland, daughter of Edwin and Louisa (Marrifield) Fisher. Edwin Fisher, who is now living in retirement in East Donegal township, was born in Smethwick, Staffordshire, England, July 2, 1818, son of Joseph and Mary (Johnson) Fisher, the former of whom served seven years in the British army, participating in the war in the Spanish penin- sula, the battle of Waterloo, and on his discharge was decorated with four bars by the Government. To Joseph and Mary Fisher were born : Edwin, father of Mrs. Roath; Eliza, Salina, Mary, Matilda, Han- nah and Sarah, all of whom were married and all de- ceased, save Edwin. Joseph Fisher died in England in 1855, and his wife in 1871, at the age of seventy- two years. Of the children, Edwin, Salina and Mary came to America. To the marriage of Edwin and Louisa (Marri- field) Fisher were born the following children: Sarah A., who was married to Joseph Mason, but both of whom are now^ deceased'; Joseph, a machin- ist in Marietta; and Maria, now Mrs. George H. Roath. Mrs. Louisa (Marrifield) Fisher, daughter of Isaac and Ann. Marrifield, died in 1876, at the age of seventy-six years, and her mortal remains were in- terred in Marietta. Edwin Fisher was a glassblower in England, and came to America in 1872 with the intention of becoming a farmer, but changed his mind after arrival. He settled in Marietta and worked in the hollow- ware works until 1888, when he retired, and now, with George H. Roath and wife, has his pleasant home in the city of his adoption. Mr. and Mrs. Roath are members of the Protest- ant Episcopal Church, and Mr. Roath is a member of the Knights of the Golden Eagle, the Red Men and the Knights of Malta. In politics he is a Republican, and socially the family are universally respected. AMOS F. HERR, one of the old and honored citizens of West Lampeter township, was born on the old homestead that lies adjacent to the Longe- necker Church (which in fact occupies a part of the farm). May 18, 1818, a son of Francis and Fannie (Neff) Herr, natives of West Lampeter and Stras- burg townships, respectively. The grandfather of Amos F. also bore the name of Francis Herr. Francis Herr, the father of Amos F., was born in West Lampeter township, and there passed his life following the occupation of farming, and pos- sessing such fine business qualifications that he was often called upon to settle estates. In local politics he was much interested, and took a forward position 784 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY in the community. For many years he was a di- rector in the Farmers' National Bank at Lancaster. Several farms in the two townships belonged to him, and he ranked among the successful men of his day. When he died he was sixty-nine, and his wife lived to be eighty. She belonged to the Reformed Men- nonite Church, and was the mother of the following children: Cyrus N., Franklin J., Amos F., Eliza- beth, Anna, Fannie, Charlotte and Amanda. Amos F. Herr was reared on the farm of his birth and educated in the common schools. Remain- ing at home until his marriage in 1848, he then lo- cated on the property where he still makes his home. It belonged to his father, and comprises 122 acres along the Strasburg pike, at the Longenecker Church. This is one of the most desirable and attractive homes of Lancaster county, and the residence, which was erected in 18 10 by John Longenecker, has been great- ly remodelled since it came into his possession. He also owns fifty-six acres in Martic township, and a six-acre tract of timber land in Drumore township. His attention has been given to farming, and by his industry and integrity he has won the warm regard of a wide circle of friends. On Oct. 22, 1848, Amos F. Herr was married to Anna Frantz, who was born in East Lampeter township in 1828, a daughter of Christian and Eliza- beth (Miller) Frantz. The following family has blessed this union: Homer A. is a mechanical en- gineer in Philadelphia; Francis ,C., a physician in Ottawa, Kans., graduated from the University of Pennsylvania ; Willis C. is a traveling salesman for the Keystone Manufacturing Co., of York, and has his home in Strasburg ; Harry N. is a civil engineer in Lancaster, and a graduate of Lehigh University; Ida E. is the wife of Amos R. Frantz, of York, Pa. ; Mary F. is unmarried and lives at home ; Anna A. is the wife of A. Lincoln Moyer, of the Conestoga Bank, of Lancaster; Edith C., the wife of J. Elmer Frantz, of Waynesboro, Pa. ; and Lottie L. is unmar- ried and at home. Amos F. Herr and his wife early became mem- bers of the Reformed Mennonite Church, and their industrious and useful lives have placed them among the most respected people of the county. LEVI S. RHOADS. Among the prominent and successful farmers of Eden township is Levi S. Rhoads, a highly respected citizen of Lancaster county. He was born in Manor township, this coun- ty, June II. 1835, son of George and Elizabeth (Sweigert) Rhoads, both of Neffsville, this county, and both bom in 1801. John Rhoads, the grand- father of Levi S., was also a native of Lancaster county, but of Canadian parentage. His family con- sisted of four sons, — Jacob, John, Henry and George. The three elder brothers moved to Ohio, in which state they all married and established homes. George Rhoads learned the trade of blacksmith when a young man, and followed same for twenty- five years. He became a citizen of prominence in the community, and was known as Capt. Rhoads, be- ing the commander of a company of State Militia. He was very prosperous in the pursuit of his trade, but finally bought a farm in Manor township, on which he settled, some years thereafter moving to East Donegal township, near Marietta. There he purchased a large farm upon which he resided until the time of his death, in 1859. Following his decease his widow sold the farm and removed to West Done- gal township, later to Maytown, where her death took place in 1879. A family of seven children was born to George and Elizabeth Rhoads, as follows : Abram S., born in this county, died in Maytown at the age of seventy- seven years, ten months, eleven days, unmarried; Fannie (deceased) was the wife of George Lutz, of Manor township (they left no family) ; Elizabeth married Benjamin Hoffman, has a family, and resides near Bainbridge; Mary (deceased) was the wife of Henry Shenk, of East Donegal township, and left one daughter, Elizabeth, who is the wife of Eli Niss- ley, of Maytown; Levi S. is the gentleman whose name introduces this sketch ; Susan, born in 1837, married Christian Brandt, of Maytown, where they reside (they have no family) ; George, born in 1840, married Annie Groflf, of Maytown, and they, reside in Maytown; they have one son, George S., now a young man, who resides at home. Levi S. Rhoads was reared on the home farm, and was educated in the local district schools and in Mari- etta. Commencing before the death of his father, and until his marriage, he engaged in farming on the home place. He and his wife settled first near Co- lumbia, where for two years he cultivated a farm. Then he removed to Mountville, where he bought a large farm, upon which he resided for seven years, at the end of that time selling the place advantage- ously, and removing his family into the village of Mountville, One year later he took charge of a farm in Conoy township, continuing there for two years, and then returned to Mountville. In 1881 Mr. Rhoads purchased the well-known Jacob Bushong farm, in Eden township, which con- sists of 143 acres of finely cultivated, fertile land. It is by far one of the best farms in that part of the county, and Mr. Rhoads has spared neither labor nor money in its improvement. In 1864 Levi S. Rhoads and Miss Frances Herr, of Lancaster, were united in marriage. She was the estimable daughter of Abram H. and Maria Herr, prominent old settlers of the county, and was born in Salunga, West ■ Hempfield township, Jan. 24, 1845, received exceptional educational advantages, and is a lady of education and culture. She is a member of the Old Mennonite Church. To Mr. and Mrs. Rhoads ten children have been born, as follows: Mary, born in this county Jan. 21, 1866, married A. B. Collom, a machinist of Philadelphia, where they reside; they have no children. Abram H., born July 25, 1867, mar- ried Miss Mary Herr, a native of Drumore town- \ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 785 ship, who was a daughter of Benjamin Herr, and they reside on a farm in Eden township ; they have three children, Irwin, Jerome and Mary E. Benja- min F., born July 19, 1869, married Miss Jessie Mc- Clure, of this county, and they reside in Eden town- ship, where they purchased the Harding Gilbert farm and are farming people; they have three children, Abram T., Francis M. and Margaret I. Levi H., born Jan. 13, 1871, married Miss Katie Groff, daugh- ter of John Groff, a prominent citizen of this county, and he purchased a farm in Eden township; their two children are Edith E. and John L. Lillie F., born Oct. 9, 1873, married Benjamin F. Yunginger, a resident of near Martinsville, and they now live on his farm in Strasburg township ; their three children are Jay R., Marion R. aad Francis M. Emma S., bom March 31, 1876, was educated in the home schools and is a talented and cultivated lady, living at home. Charles H., born August 21, 1880, is un- married, and is the very capable manager of -his fa- ther's farm; he stands high in the public esteem. Bertha M., born May 7, 1883, was educated in the home schools, and also in Quarryville high schools, and is a very talented and cultured young lady, an ornament to the home circle. Elsie O., born June 21, 1885, died Sept. 5, 1889. George S., born July 16, 1887, resides at home. This domestic circle has been invaded but once by Death, and is one of the most closely bound and most highly esteemed fam- ilies of Lancaster county. In politics Mr. Rhoads has always been identified with the Democratic party, and has most efficiently served as school director for a period of three years. The daughters are members of the Old Mennonite Church, and the unmarried ones manage the home, in which comfort and simplicity reign. Mr. Rhoads has always been interested in ad- vancing the agricultural interests of his section, has kept thoroughly posted on modern methods, and has not hesitated to make use of them when his judgment assured him of their value. His fine farm is a testi- monial to the soundness of his views and methods. ANDREW F. SHROM, justice of the peace at Vogansville, is one' of the representative men of Lancaster county, and a -son of Frederick Shrom, who is now deceased. Frederick Shrom was a native of Bavaria, where he spent his earlier years, and served in the Bavarian- army. Soon after his discharge from the army, he came to this country, and made his home in Leacock township, Lancaster county, where he entered the employ of Rev. Henry Lantz, a farmer, and a min- ister of the Amish Church. With that gentleman he made his home until his marriage, when he located in the neighborhood, and worked for the neighbor- ing farmers some years. In 1855 he moved to Illi- nois, and bought a tract of thirty-six acres near De- catur. The land was covered with timber, and Mr. Shrom set himself to clearing it and making a home for his family, but he died the same year, at the early 50 ■ age of forty-eight. Coming of Scotch-Irish ances- try, he was in religion a Catholic. Anna Frank, his wife, was a daughter of Jacob Frank, and her ances- tors, the Franks and Shaeffers were old settlers and honored residents of Lancaster county. She is still living at the advanced age of eighty-two. After the death of Frederick Shrom, his widow brought her four children back to Lancaster county. They were Andrew F. ; John F., a mechanic of Reading ; Fred- erick, a blacksmith of Lancaster ; and Susan, who is unmarried, and lives with her mother. Three chil- dren of this worthy couple died in infancy. Andrew F. Shrom was born Feb. 17, 1845, ^^'^ received but a limited schooling, as he was reared among the Amish. When he was eighteen he struck out in tlie world for himself. For a time he worked on a farm, and then learned the trade of a brick and stone mason. When he had accomplished this, he began a contracting and building business, in which he has acliieved a large success. In the county he has had many large and important contracts, and has employed many men. His work has stood the clos- est inspection, among his most important construc- tions being the Ephrata school building, the ware- house, the United Brethren Church, and George W. Kinzer's residence at New Holland. He is not only deeply interested in his business, but is a broad- minded and public-spirited citizen. In politics he has filled the offices of assessor and justice of the peace, holding this last position eleven years. At first he was appointed justice of the peace, and has been re-elected three times. It is a rare compliment to his judicial spirit that none of his decisions have been reversed on appeal to the higher courts. In the Civil war he served during its closing scenes in the Union army, enlisting Feb. 20, 1865, in Co. I, 195th P. V. I., being mustered out Jan. 31, 1866. Much of the time from 1862 he had been out with the forces as a teamster. His patriotic spirit was profound, and he would have been in the ranks before, but was deemed inehgible. In 1868 Mr. Shrom was married to Miss Lydia Garra, who was born in Earl township, a daughter of David H. and Lucy (Shaffer) Garra. Five chil- dren blessed this union : David G., a farmer, mar- ried Miss Emma Sensenig, and is the father of three children, Ruth, Blanch and Amos ; Anna, the wife of Jacob Fritz, of Reading, Pa., has two children, Ja- cob and Andrew ; Lilly wife of Augustus Lescher, of Reamstown, Pa. ; Edgar W. is a teacher in the county schools ; and Mabel is at home. Mr. and Mrs. Shrom are members of the Reformed Church, he tak- ing an active part in the church work, and while in New Holland served as deacon and elder. The eld- est son is a member of the Evangelical Association. All the family stand high in the community. LEWIS FRANKLIN SIEGLER, M. D., whose cozy home and offices are at No. 115 South Queen street, is a familiar figure in Lancaster, where his entire life has been passed. 786 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Ludwig- Siegler, his father, came from Gruorn (Oberampt Urach), Wurtemberg, Germany, in 1851, and settled in York county, removing to Lan- caster the following year. Here, for years, he op- erated an establishment for the manufacture of bone dust, knife and fork handles, etc., and in 1873 em- barked in the hotel business, from which he retired in 1888. He entered into rest March 27, 1894, aged seventy-five years and one week. His widow, who in her maidenhood was Regina HoUinger, was also a na- tive of Wurtemberg, Germany. She died Sept. 25, 1901, aged seventy-seven years and seven months. Thirteen children were born to this couple, but only three are now living, namely : Matthias C, a cigar maker, and at one time an efficient member of the police force of Lancaster; Rosie, wife of John Ripple, superintendent for Siegler Bros., cigar man- ufacturers; and Dr. Lewis Frankhn. Lewis Franklin Siegler was born in Lancaster Sept. 8, 1866, and, after receiving a good education in the public schools of the city, read medicine with the late Dr. Henry Carpenter, one of Lancaster's most prominent physicians. He was graduated from Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, in 1886, and immediately after graduation, he began the practice of his profession in Lancaster — first in an office in East King street, later in East Orange street, and finally in South Lime street, where he bought a home. In 189 1 Dr. Siegler removed to Reihhold's Station, this county, where he practiced medicine and sur- gery until 1898, at which time he returned to Lan- caster, and, abandoning the practice of his profes- sion, became the general agent for Lancaster, Dauph- in and Lebanon counties of the American Relief As- sociation, an organization which not only pays a benefit at death, but which pays a weekly amount in case of sickness or accident. This system of insur- ance is so admirable that it commends itself to all in- telligent people, and Dr. Siegler is so able and ef- fective in his furthering of its interests, that his name appears monthly on the "roll of honor" in the month- ly publication issued by the association, no man's name appearing on that roll unless he has written twenty applications during the month. The Asso- ciation had received 23,543 applications up to Dec. I, 1902, and had paid $80,536.38 in benefits up to that date— -a most remarkable showing. So con- spicuous have been the Doctor's services that he was elected a director of the Association in 1899, and re- elected in 190D, IQOI and 1902. Dr. Siegler has been twice married. His first wife, Ellen Lutz, of Ohio, died May 12, 1898. On Oct. 20, 1899, the Doctor married Margaret L. Mil- ler, of Bridgewater, Va., and three children have been born of this union: Lewis F., Jr., born in 1900 ; Anna Marguerite, who passed away Aug. 30, 19c I, aged ten weeks; and Reinhold Richard, born Sept. 30, 1902. During Dr. Siegler's active practice in Lancaster, he served two years as health com- missioner, and two terms as physician to the Lancas- ter county prison. Politically he is a stanch Republi- can and active in party work. In religious belief, a Lutheran, he is affiliated with Trinity Church. While practicing his profession he was a member of the Lancaster City and County Medical Societies, and of the State Medical Association of Pennsylvania, to which latter organization he was one time sent as a delegate from the local society. Dr. Siegler has al- ways been active and enterprising, and so positive in his convictions that there is never an uncertainty as to his position. MICHAEL HARNISH (deceased) was in his life time one of the well-known residents of West Lampeter township, where he was born Jan. 7, 1798, and where he died in September, 1881. Jacob Harnish, his father, was a farmer of West Lampeter township, and cultivated his father's farm as long as he lived, dying at the age of fifty-two years, his father surviving him four years. Jacob Harnish- left a family of six children : Michael, whose name introduces this article ; Jacob, who moved to Cumberland county. Pa., where he died; John, who moved to Ohio, where he died ; Emanuel, who moved to Cumberland county, where he died; Elizabeth, who married Samuel Hershey, of Mt. Joy township; and Mrs. Coyler, who moved to Ohio. Jacob Harnish and his wife were members of the Reformed Mennonite Church. Michael Harnish was reared and spent his life in West Lampeter township, where he owned the old homestead farm of 118 acres, which at present belongs to George Lampeter. He also owned a farm of eighty-two acres, which is now owned by David Kendig, a son-in-law. A timber lot of six acres, which belonged to him, is now the property of Ben- jamin Harnish. Michael Harnish was an industrious and honora- ble man, who possessed the confidence of the people to a very unusual degree. Susanna Hess, who be- came his wife, died in 1883, at the age of eighty-five years. To this union were born: Catherine mar- ried Benjamin L. Denlinger, who preceded her to the grave ; A.nn married Henry Zindt, of East Lam- peter township, and is now dead; Benjamin; Mary, the wife of Amos Weaver, of East Lampeter town- ship, is now deceased ; Susanna is the wife of David Kendig, of West Lampeter township; Michael is now living in Lancaster ; and Jacob is also a resident of Lancaster. The parents of these children be- longed to the Reformed Mennonite Church. Benjamin Harnish was born Dec. 14, 1828, and was reared on the farm, receiving his education m the common school. When he was twenty-two he began farming operations on his own account, cultrvating his father's place for a year, and then went mto the country north of Lancaster, where he remamed four years. Returning to West Lampeter township he again engaged in the cultivation of his fathers farm, and continued with him some five years. At the expiration of that time he bought a farm of seventy-seven acres from his father-in-law. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 787 Martin Harnish, in East Lampeter township, and there for more than twenty years he made his home, and it is now owned by his son, Elam. In 1882 Ben- jamin Harnish moved to the farm he has since occu- pied in West I-ampeter township, containing twenty acres at the time it passed into his possession. Since buying it he has added seventeen acres to it, and greatly improved it. Adjoining this he owns a tract of fifty acres, and both of these are being conducted by his son, Michael, an expert young farmer, while Mr. Harnish himself has lived retired since 1890. He also owns sixty-two acres in East Lampeter town- ship, which his son, John A., manages and cultivates. Mr. Harnish has ever been a leading farmer, and his integrity and industry have won for him a large cir- cle of friends. Benjamin Harnish was married Nov. 7, 1850, to Susanna, daughter of Martin and Martha (Weaver) Harnish, who was born in West Lampeter township, Oct. II, 1831, and is still living. To this union were born : Benjamin, a farmer of East Lampeter town- ship, married Miss Emma Groff , by whom he has had eight children; Elam, a farmer of East Lampeter township, married Miss Emma Froelich, by whom he has had four children ; Emma, the wife of Samuel Eshleman, of Strasburg township, is the mother of four children; John, who is a farmer of East Lam- peter township, married Miss Catherine Frye; Mar- tin is living at home ; and Michael, who lives on the home place, married Miss Lizzie Nolt. Mr. and Mrs. Harnish belong to the Reformed Mennonite Church, and are people highly esteemed for their good works and excellent character. HENRY F. McCANNA, of Columbia, and a well-known conductor on the Pennsylvania Railroad, was born in Gordonville, Lancaster county. May 2, 1850. John and Elizabeth (Starr) McCanna, his par- ents, were natives of Lancaster county, where they resided until 1859, when they removed to Chester county. John McCanna had been employed by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company for many years as foreman of construction and died in Chester county, Feb. 13, 1885, when seventy-two years old. His widow, who was born July 21, 1814, now has her home with her son, Henry F., in Columbia. To this venerable couple were born eleven children, in the following order : Mary J., widow of Harry Whit- man, of Cumberland county, Pa. ; Kate, William and James, deceased; Sue, married to David Boyer, of Harrisburg; John, deceased; Emma, residing in Harrisburg and unmarried ; Henry F. ; Cecelia, wife of Joseph Quinn, of York, Pa. ; Alice, deceased ; and George, a brakeman at Harrisburg. The paternal grandparents of Henry F. McCanna came from Ireland and settled in Lancaster county, when children, and there the grandfather plied his trade of carpet weaver until his death ; the maternal grandparents were natives of Chester county and early settled in Lancaster county. Henry F. McCanna lived on the farm with his parents until twenty years of age and then began jjraking on the Pennsylvania Railroad ; two years la- ter he was made a flagman, and two years afterward was promoted to a conductor ship. On May 20, 1874, Mr. McCanna married Miss Salome A. Knipe, and their family of children were six in number, viz. : John M., a physician in Phila- delphia ; Harry A., a telegraph operator in Philadel- phia ; William K., deceased ; Charles B., a clerk at Columbia"; Maria M., deceased ; and George R., bag- gage master at Lancaster. Mrs. Salome A. McCan- na was born in Schaefferstown, Lebanon Co., Pa., Feb. 2, 1855, a daughter of Henry C. and Maria (Knipe) Knipe, of Lebanon county. Henry C. Knipe was a blacksmith and died April 25, 1865, aged thirty-six years. To his marriage were born six children, viz. : Henry and John, who died in infan- cy ; Salome ; Kate, wife of John Welsh, of Philadel- phia; and Ida and Anna, deceased. Mrs. Maria Knipe, some five and a half years after the death of her husband, married John Ross, who died in March, 1893, and to this marriage was born one child, Laura, wife of Luke Lederman, a merchant in Los Ange- les, Cal. The mother resides in Philadelphia, at the age of se\'enty years. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. McCanna were Henry and Elizabeth (O'Con- nor) Nipe, and the maternal grandparents were John and Mary (Farmer) Nipe, all of Lebanon county, Pa. The two grandfathers were brothers, and the change of the name from Nipe to Knipe came during the war, when Gen. Knipe, a brother of Mrs. Ross, began spelling his name with the "K," and the family adopted that spelling. Henry F. McCanna is a member of the O. of R. C, and of the Church of God, and in politics is a Re- publican. Socially he and family are held in very high esteem by their neighbors, and as a conductor Mr. McCanna has the implicit confidence of his Com- pany. MAJOR MICHAEL BRENNEMAN STRICK- LER, a retired farmer and a gallant ex-Union offi- cer of the war of the Rebellion, was born in West Hempfield township, Oct. 10, 1831, and West Hemp- field township is still his home. Henry H. and Ann (Brenneman) Strickler, his parents, were born, respectively, on this home- stead in West Hempfield township and in the town- ship of East Donegal. Henry H. Strickler was an extensive cattle dealer, who made trips to Virginia each fall, bought stock, fattened it and shipped it to market. Mr. Strickler was the owner also of a fine farm of 138 acres, which was always under a high state of cultivation, and which was utilized also for fattening live stock. On this homestead he passed away June 18, 1841, at the early age of thirty-eight years, btit his widow lived to be eighty-one years old, and she died Oct. 8, 1885. They were members of the Presbyterian Church, and their remains were interred in the family burying ground on the present homestead. In politics Mr. Strickler was an old- 788 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY line Whig. To Henry H. Strickler and wife were born four children, of whom Catherine E. died in in- fancy; Sarah J., deceased, was married to John S. Given ; Jacob H. died on the homestead ; and Michael B. is the gentleman in whose interest this sketch is chiefly prepared. The paternal grandparents of the Major were Jacob and Sarah (Wilson) Strickler, the former of whom was born on the West Hempfield homestead, and the latter in York county, and to their union were born three sons and eight "daugh- ters. Jacob Strickler was very wealthy, owning 3,000 acres of land in this community. He and wife died on the farm now owned by the Major. Henry Strickler, paternal great-grandfather of Major Strickler, came from Switzerland to America in 1727, sailing on the ship "Friendship" from Rot- terdam, Capt. John Davis, and coming via Cowes, England, which port he left June 30, 1727, with 200 other passengers, and eventually reached Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. The maternal grandparents of Major Strickler were Michael and Catharine (Snyder) Brenneman, of Donegal township, now Conoy township and to ' their union were born two children only : John, de- ceased ; and Ann, mother of the Major, also deceased. Michael B. Strickler remained on the home farm until 1857, and then traveled a year in Virginia. Upon his return North he was employed by the Penn- sylvania Railroad Company as brakeman at Colum- bia from 1S58 until 1861, when in the fall he enlisted, in Philadelphia, in the 8th P. V. C, was mustered in as chief, or regimental, bugler, and remained with the regiment until February, 1863, when all musi- cians were mustered out by special order. Ex-Bugler Strickler now raised a company of cavalrymen, which was assigned as Co. B to the 20th P. V. C, with himself as captain, and at the expiration of six months the company veteranized, re-enlisting for three years or during the war. The Captain had in the meantime been promoted to Major, and took part in all the marches and engagements and skir- mishes in which his regiment had a share and served until honorably discharged at Cloud's Mills, W. Va., June 20, 1865, with the rank of Major, although he had frequently acted as Colonel of his regiment. On returning home the Major purchased two teams and hauled stone for the furnaces in his vicin- ity for two years, and was then re-employed by the railroad company as brakeman for a few years. Renting a farm adjoining that which he now owns, he farmed it for five years, and then worked for the railroad company a year and a half. Finally, in 1879, by reason of his mother's age and his brother's ill health, he settled on his present farm, on which he was born. In August, 1866, at Philadelphia, Major Strickler married Marian Virginia Corbit, who was born in Harrisburg, Pa., in 1846, daughter of William and Mary L. (Sprigman) Corbit, the former of whom was the State printer at the time, but who later died in York, where he had been engaged in printing. book binding, publishing, etc. No children have been born of this union. Major Strickler is a member of Post No. 118, G. A. R., at Columbia, and in politics is a Republican. He and wife are members of the Reformed Church, and socially stand with the best circles in Lancaster county. MARTIN WEAVER. The name of Weaver in Lancaster county is well-known, and represents integrity, morality and wealth. Hanns Weber, or in English John Weaver, the founder of the family in Pennsylvania, was a native of Switzerland, who came to America in 1717, locating in Lancaster coun- ty, where he took up a large tract of land, consist- ing of 370 acres in West Lampeter township, one mile northeast of Lampeter Square. Here he en- gaged in farming and spent the balance of his life, leaving at death one son, Jacob, who inherited the property, and in turn transmitted it to his descend- ants, and the greater part of the original estate is still in the possession of the family. Many changes have been made, divisions and sub-divisions, but could the original owner return to view his old home, he would find in place of the wild land and forest trees, great fields of waving grain and lush meadows where sleek cattle browse, and also eleven residences and a school house in which his children's children are instructed. Surely he would feel satisfied that it was indeed a "goodly heritage." Jacob Weaver, son of the founder, had twin sons born to him, on July 4, 1750, and at his death he divided the estate equally between them. His mar- riage was to Magdalena Barr, and the family con- sisted of four children: Jacob and John, twins: Magdalena, who married Jacob Rohrer; and Bar- bara, who married Abraham Herr. John Weaver married Ann Landis and died in 1832. Jacob Weaver, son of Jacob, born July 4, 1750, died July 25, 1824. He married Esther Neiif, who was born Sept. 27, 1756, and died Feb. 2, 1817, ' daughter of Jacob and Ann (Brackhill) Nefif. They reared the following f amilv of children : ( i ) John, born Oct. 3, 1777, died Nov. 10, 1779. (2) Susan- nah, born Nov. 23, 1779, died April 30, 1805. (3) Jacob, born Sept. 12, 1780, died Nov. i, 1872; he married Mrs. Anna Mylin, daughter of Francis and Fannie (Barr) Herr, and had a family of six chil- dren, all of whom died young. (4) Samuel, born March 8, 1782, died Oct. 23, 1840; he married Mag- dalena Rush, daughter of Jacob and Martha (Ken- dig) Rush, and they had seven children. (5) Ann born March 28, 1784, died Oct. 24, 1865. (6) David born Nov. 25 1785, died Oct. 2, 1817. (7) Martha, born May 16, 1787, died Dec. 10, 1864; she mar- ried Martm Harnish, son of David and Lizzie (Groff) Harnish, and they had three children. (8) John born June 12, 1789, died Aug. 24, 1869; he married Elizabeth Kreider, who was born Jan. 23, 1797, daughter of Christian and Ann (Harnish) Kreider' and who died May 26, 1886, the mother of nine chil- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 789 advantageous years spent in study at the State Nor- mal School at Millersville. His' preparatory edu- cation was received in the public schools of his town, and after his return to his home from Millersville he engaged in business for some time prior to his mar- riage, in 1880, following which he set up a domestic hearth of his own and more extensively engaged in the tobacco business. Mr. Graybill has been a very active dealer in his line, and his progressive spirit has been of the greatest advantage to his locality,, giving an impetus to other lines of trade. The years 1899 and 1900 were particularly prosperous, and Mr. Graybill found employment in his great warehouses- for a force of 140 men. He has warehouses in both East Petersburg and Rohrerstown, three at the former place, and one at the latter, which was built in the fall of 1899. Aside from his private interests, which are many and varied, for he is a keen, practical man, educated and alive to all that promises to conduce to prosper- ity, Mr. Graybill has always been animated by high ideals of business and civic life, and has probably done more than any other one citizen toward the per- manent upbuilding of East Petersburg. His own residence is the most desirable in the village, and the creditable enterprise lately shown by the other citi- zens may, in a measure, be attributed to his example, Mr. Graybill was one of tlie promoters of, and is also a stockholder and a director in, the Farmers' Creamery Company, of E^st Petersburg, and has taken a prominent position in the organization from the first. Politically he has been a strong man in the Republican ranks, taking an active part in all party matters, and was twice made a delegate to the State convention, first in 1883, and later in 1898. For some eighteen years he has served as a justice of the peace, having been elected to that position four different times. In 1879 he was made a notary, but resigned this office in order to accept the former one, which he also resigned in Jime, 1900, in order to accept the nomination from the Republican party for the State Legislature. During his service in the Legislature, in 1901-02, he served on the committees on Railroads, Senatorial and Representation Appor- tionment, Counties and Townships, and others. The bill known as Centralization of Public Schools re- ceived his hearty co-operation, and was passed large- ly through his efforts, and it was in favor of this bill that he made his maiden speech. He firmly opposed the bill for the removal of the State Capitol. He has received the nomination for a second term in the Legislature, by nearly 5,000 majority, at a primary election held March 15, 1902. For three years Mr. Graybill most efficiently served as 'township assessor in East Hempfield township, and for the fifth time he has had the honor of being chosen chairman of the Republican County Committee, an honor never be- fore conferred, in his district, upon the same indi- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 801 vidual twice in succession. Mr. Graybill throws him- self heartily into whatever he undertakes, and, where his judgment and sagacity sanction it, knows no such word as fail. Fraternally Mr. Graybill is as prominent as he is in both public and private life, being identified with Lancaster Lodge, No. 43, F. & A. M., and also Lan- caster Lodge of Perfection ; is a past grand of Selah Lodge, No. 657, I. O. O. F., of Manheim; also a member of Meridian Sun Commandery, No. 99, Knights of Malta; Lancaster Castle, No. 126, Knights of the Mystic Chain ; Red Rose Co., No. 20, Military Branch of Knights of the Mystic Chain, serving as assistant inspector general of the State, with the rank of brigadier general; paist regent of Conestoga Council, No. 463, Royal Arcanum, and past councillor of the Loyal Addition ; he is also a member of the Annual Annuity of the Mystic Circle, and was the first representative of this lodge to the grand lodge; and is consul commander of Cherry Camp, No. 83, Woodmen of the World. These many connections have made him better known through various parts of the State than almost any other citi- zen of his vicinity, and he is everywhere regarded as a high-minded, honorable man in whatever capacity he may be found. David W. Graybill was married April 27, 1880, to Miss S. Alice Martin, a daughter of William K. and Susan C. (Getz) Martin, residents of East Hempfield township. To this union have been born three interesting children, all sons, Guy M., Reid M. and David W. The religious connection of the family has been with Trinity Reformed Church, to which Mr. Gray- bill has been a most generous contributor, and in which both he and his estimable wife are highly val- ued for their many excellent traits of character. Mr. Graybill possesses the esteem of his neighbors, and is looked upon in the county as one of the progressive and honorable citizens who are, by sound business sense and individual application, the men who build . up and prove of most value in any community. JOSEPH G. KAUFHOLD, a grocer and one of Columbia's prominent business men and influen- tial citizens, was born in that town Aug. 27, 1856, a son of Jacob and Catherine (Geislar) Kaufhold. Jacob Kaufhold was born in Prussia, and his wife in Bavaria. The latter emigrated to this coun- try in 1848, and Mr. Kaufhold's feet first touched American soil two years later. They were married in Columbia, where he was employed in a blast fur- nace. Jacob Kaufhold died in 1881, aged sixty, and his widow still survives, her home being in Colum- bia. She was born July 12, 1836. Jacob Kaufhold and his wife were the parents of nine children. The eldest, Sarah, is the widow of L. Bitner, of Colum- bia; Anna married Edward Pordahl, of Lebanon; John, the third child and eldest son, is a resident of Columbia ; George J. is in the monument business in Columbia; Bartholomew and William have both 51 seen service as L^nited States soldiers, the former having done duty in Cuba, and the latter being at present stationed in the Philippines; Margerie, the youngest daughter, is at home and unmarried. Jo- seph Kaufhold's paternal grandparents were Joseph and Helen (Mockenruts) Kaufhold, of Germany. The former died in 1846, in his sixty-seventh year, and the latter in 1831, aged forty. Their children were Conrad, Lawrence, Duridale, Jacob and Joseph (second). The grandfather married a second time, after the death of his first wife. His second wife was Catherine Artleb, and the issue of the mar- riage was two children: John, who died in the Fatherland; and Bartholomew, of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Mr. Kaufhold's maternal grandparents were George and Anna (Stegar) Geislar. They emi- grated from Germany to America in 1848, and set- tled in Havre de Grace, Md. At that time they were youth and maiden, and no word of troth had passed between them. Two years thereafter they were united in marriage, and removed to Columbia, Pa. He worked in an iron furnace, and died in 1891, after reaching the ripe age of four score years. His wife died in 1897, aged eighty-six. Their chil- dren were four in number, Mr. Kaufhold's mother, Catherine, being the eldest. The others, all of whom are deceased, were Sarah, Margaret and John. Sarah married Martin Eppley, and died in May, 1900. John died in 1899, and Margaret in childhood. In October, 1886, Mr. Kaufhold was married to Miss Elizabeth Hagel, at Columbia. The issue of the union has been four sons and eight daughters : Clara, Mary, Frank, Bartholomew, Anna S., Beau- tie, Gertrude, Margaret, Charles, Sabina, Joseph and Lucy. Gertrude and Joseph are both deceased, as is also Charles, who was Margaret's twin brother. Mrs. Kaufhold was born at Chestnut Hill May 12, i860, daughter of Peter Hagel and his wife, Sabina Spangler. Both her parents were Bavarians, and were married in the country of their birth, and both are now deceased. They emigrated to Amer- ica in 1850, and, coming to Lancaster county, settled at Chestnut Hill. He was a farmer, but also a miner as well. Mr. Hagel lived to the age of sixty-nine, and died Jan. 25, 1881. His wife passed from life April I, 1895, having reached the same age as her husband at the time of his demise. They were both Catholics, and sleep in the cemetery at Columbia. Mrs. Kaufhold was the sixth of seven children born to this union. Joseph and May, the two eldest, are both deceased; Mary is the wife of Anthony Seebower, a furniture dealer of Columbia; Anna is deceased; and Catherine, who is unmarried, makes her home with Mr. and Mrs. Kaufhold. Joseph G. Kaufhold faced the world in early life. That he has struggled successfully against its temptations and won the battle of life, alone and un- aided, is chiefly due to his indomitable pluck, his, tireless energy, and his unassailable probity. At 802 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the early age of twelve years he began working in a grocery store. For two years he followed this toil, being able to attend school for only six months. From 1 87 1 to 1883 he found employment in a roll- ing mill. Industry, sobriety, patience and integrity enabled him to embark in the grocery business then on his own account. The same sterling character- istics have won for him a steady, uninterrupted suc- cess. He believes in the faith of his ancestors, and is a devout and practical Catholic. Politically he is a Democrat. He is a member of St. Joseph's So- ciety, and of the P. C. B. L. ALBERT M. HERR, wholesale florist and car- nation specialist, located at Rider avenue and Elm street, Lancaster, is one of the prominent business citizens of the city. Henry Herr, the grandfather of Albert M. Herr, was both a merchant and miller in Strasburg town- ship, retiring from activity in 1861, and dying in 1894, at the age of eighty-one years. He married (first) Mary Rohrer, who died in March, 1838, at the early age of twenty-four years, leaving two chil- dren, Susannah, who is the wife of Daniel Musser, a prominent retired farmer; and Daniel K., the fa- ther of Albert M. The second marriage of Henry Herr was to Fanny Herr, widow of Samuel Herr, and his third marriage was to Charlotte, daughter of Francis Herr. The paternal great-grandparents of our subject were Martin and Susan (Buck- waiter) Herr, farming people of Strasburg town- ship, of Swiss ancestry. Daniel K. Herr, son of Henry and Mary (Roh- rer) Herr and father of Albert M., was born in New Danville, Pequea township, Dec. 2, 1837. Prior to his thirty-seventh year he engaged in milling in Strasburg township, and then began gardening, which business he followed for three years, the busi- ness developing into market-gardening and finally into that of florist, Mr. Herr being for twenty years one of the best-known and most successful whole- sale florists in this part of the county. For the past four years he has made his home in Lancaster, but prior to that lived in Lancaster township. Mr. Herr has a large business for which he has most excellent accommodations, comprising four hot houses with dimensions of 100x18 feet, and with some 8000 feet of glass. He is a member of the Mennonite Church, and is one of the most highly esteemed citizens of Lancaster. In December, 1859, Mr. Herr was mar- ried in Lancaster township, to Miss Susan Musser, born in West Lampeter township, daughter of Dr. Martin Musser. who died March 3, 1870, at the age of thirty-five years, and was buried in Longenecker cemetery, in Lampeter township. The one child born to this union was Albert M., of this sketch. Albert M. Herr was born July 19, 1862, in Stras- burg township, and resided there with his father un- til his fourteenth year, accompanying him then to Lancaster. He became interested in his father's business, first assisting him and then thoroughly learning the same, and in 1881 began the business for himself. Mr. Herr's greenhouses cover an acre of ground, and he has 60,000 square feet of glass, his first building being done in 1888. At various times since he has made additions, and has intro- duced all of the latest improvements in floriculture, and his carna,tions and other specialties have gained for him a wide and deserved notoriety. Mr. Herr is prominently identified with all of the Masonic bodies in Lancaster, and also belongs to the Mystic Shrine in Reading; is a member of the B. P. O. E., being one of the original fifteen mem- bers in Lancaster, and serving as secretary of the lodge for five years. He belongs to a number of horticultural societies, is secretary of the American Carnation Society, and is treasurer of the Florist Hail Association. In politics he is a Republican. Few men are better or more favorably known to the trade than is Mr. Herr, the deep interest he has taken in his line having enabled him to advance the science of floriculture very much. On Feb. 24, 1897, Mr. Herr was united in mar- riage, in Philadelphia, to Miss Elizabeth Irwin, born in Sadsbury township, Chester county, daughter of Andrew and Mary (Clendenen) Irwin, the former of whom is a railroad carpenter, residing with his family in Philadelphia. One son, Daniel Irwin, has been born to Mr. and Mrs. Herr. The family is held in high esteem in Lancaster. CONRAD Z. HESS, one of the intelligent, pro- gressive agriculturalists of Pequea township, was born there, Nov. 5, 1856. He comes from a family of Lancaster county whose members have always commanded the highest respect, being a great- grandson of Michael Hess. The last named bought a farm of 115 acres for five shillings — the place now occupied by the father of our subject. Abraham Hess, the grandfather, was born in Pequea township, and there passed his entire life. He married Elizabeth Musser, and to this union three sons were born, one dying in infancy ; Benjamin died at the age of eighteen months ; and Abraham M. is the father of our subject. He was born in Pequea township in 1829, was educated in the com- mon schools of the county, and began life for him- self when twenty years of age, taking up farming which he has always followed. In the fall of 1850 he married Elizabeth Hess, and one son was born to them, Emanuel, who died in infancy. The mother died in the fall of 1851, and Mr. Hess afterward married Anna Zigler; of East Donegal township, by whom he had seven children: Conrad Z. ; Ben- jamin, of Fulton township ; Abram, of East Done- gal township ; Noah Z. ; Ezra, deceased ; Ezli, who died in infancy ; and Mattie, wife of Paris Engle, of Columbia, Pa. Mrs. Anna (Zigler) Hess died in July, 1868. Abraham M. Hess then married "Bar- bara Herr, who became the mother of four children: Annie, wife of Graybill Mann, of Manor township ; Enos, of State College, Pa.; Barbara, who died in BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 803 infancy ; and Lizzie, who is at home. Mr. Hess is a member of the Dunkard Church, better known as the River Brethren Church, and he has been a dea- con in same for a number of years. He has settled up a number of estates, and has been guardian for several famihes, a fact. which testifies forcibly to the estimate placed upon his character and ability by those who know him well. Our subject lived at home with his father until he was twenty-one years of age, meantime receiving his education in the common schools of the county. He then went to live with his uncle on a farm in East Donegal township for two years, returning home again for one year, after which he went to Quarryville, and engaged in raising tobacco for one year. He then purchased a farm of his father, in Quarryville, and conducted same for nine years, at the end of that time coming back to his old home and taking charge of his father's farm. Here he has remained to the present time. Mr. Hess represents the Agricultural Insurance Co., of Lititz. He has proved himself in the man- agement of his fine property, an able business man, and he is regarded by all who know him as a valu- able citizen, one who works for the good of the com- munity, as well as for his own advancement in life. On Jan. 19, 1S82, Mr. Hess married Ada Sue Keen, daughter of David Keen, of Eden township, and they are the parents of eleven living children and have lost two by death. Those living are: Anna Martha, Abraham Musser, Alice May, Ada Mary, David Avery, Martha Ann, Emma Rhoda, Ruth Lizzie, John Zigler, Beulah Viola, and Verna Pauline, all at home. Mr. and Mrs. Hess both belong to the Dimkard Church, known also as the River Brethren in Christ. CHARLES EDGAR SHREINER, a well- known native citizen of Lancaster was born Oct. i, 1863, son of the late Charles F. and Eleanor (Cox) Shreiner, more extended mention of the family be- ing found in another part of this volume. Charles F. Shreiner passed away in July, 1865, and his widow, who was a native of New Jersey, in 1883. The children of their marriage were nine in number, the survivors being: William M., who is a printer in Sioux City, Iowa ; Sallie A., and Charles Edgar, the well-known advertising man. Charles Edgar Shreiner was given an excellent common-school education in Lancaster, and then spent five years in the grocery establishment of the late George Wiant, and the succeeding eight years in the service of the Pennsylvania railroad, in Phil- adelphia. Returning to Lancaster in 1893, he or- ganized the Shreiner Advertising Co., with offices at No. 43 East Marion street, near the post-office. Although this company makes a specialty of out- door advertising, it also engages in the business in other lines, much of its work commanding attention and admiration. That it has proved such a success is due to the energy and ability of its founder, and in it he supplies a want that has long been felt in this community. In August, 1887, Mr. Shreiner was married to Miss Alice A. Hale, a daughter of John Hale, who is now a retired contracting carpenter, of George- town, Mass. Mrs. Shreiner came of distinguished ancestry, one of her forefathers being a Spofiford, and belongs to the same family as A. R. Spofford, so long the librarian of the Washington Library. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Shreiner are: Helen Spofiford, Sallie Agnes, Carl Hale and Anna Frances. Fraternally Mr. Shreiner is connected with the Knights of Malta, while politically he is an ardent and active Republican. His religious rearing was in the Moravian faith, but Mrs. Shreiner is a Con- gregationalist, her ancestors long having been prom- inent members of that body, in New England. Few young men have made better business showings in the same time than Mr. Shreiner, his pleasant per- sonality winning him friends, while his upright methods, and the excellent work turned out by his company, have gained him the confidence of even a critical public. It is no small matter to control a trade in which so large a city as Philadelphia at- tracts on account of its proximity. This Mr. Shreiner has been able to do, and his prosperity re- flects not only credit upon. him, but also upon the public spirit of the community. JOHN RUPP EURKHOLDER, a wholesale grain dealer in the Northern National Bank Build- ing, Lancaster, and at one time manager of the broker business of his father-in-law, Hon. A. H. Summy, belongs to a family long and favorably known in Lancaster county. His grandfather was Jonas Burkholder, who lived and died in the eastern part of this county. Isaac Burkholder, father of John R., died in 1882, in West Earl township. He married Maria Rupp, daughter of Samuel Rupp, a well-known farmer of West Earl township, and they had fourteen chil- dren, thirteen of whom are living at the present writing ; Samuel R., a farmer in Kansas ; Joseph R., a horse dealer in Manheim township ; Jonas R., a traveling salesman from Lancaster ; Isaac R., a traveling salesman in Ohio; John R., our subject; Elizabeth R., wife of Wayne Carpenter, a farmer of Warwick township ; Maria, wife of Frank Stauf- f er,-a farmer of West Earl township ; Susan, wife of Amos Dillman, a carriage builder at Farmersville ; Annie, wife of J. Musser, a farmer of Lititz ; Bar- bara, wife of J. M. Sheaflfer, a merchant of Eph- rata; Hattie, wife of B. Hoover, a farmer of New Holland; Emma, wife of Diller Sheaffer, a farmer of Bird-in-Hand ; and Sarah, at home with her parents. John Rupp Burkholder was born in West Earl township Jan. 25, 1856, and was educated in the public schools of the home district. Leaving school when sixteen years of age, he entered his father's 804 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY flour mill, where he remained until 1880. For a period of about twelve years following he was en- gaged in the milling business in different mills along the Conestoga. In 1892 he came to Lancaster, and entered into a partnership with H. K. Keller, in the wholesale grain business, trading under the firm name of H. K. Keller & Co. In 1895 this part- nership was dissolved, and Mr. Burkholder opened an office in the Northern National Bank Building, where he has since continued his grain business. In 1901 Mr. Summy bought out the broker busi- ness, which had been established on the second floor of the Northern National Bank Building, and Mr. Burkholder became his manager, conducting the broker business in connection with his grain offices. The broking is done through J. B. Flesh- man & Co., of Philadelphia, with whom direct tele- graphic communication is had. Genial and clever in his intercourse with the public, Mr. Burkholder has built up a handsome shipping trade, and is well and favorably known. Mr. Burkholder was married, in 1883, to Miss Annie Summy, a daughter of Hon. A. H. Summy, whose history appears elsewhere. To this union has come one child, Guy Summy, born in 1886, who is now a pupil of the Boys' High School, Lancaster. Mr. Burkholder is of Mennonite descent. Politically he is a Republican, as are all the members of his family. HENRY WEILL, dealer in driving, heavy draft and fine coach and saddle horses, with sale and exchange stables at Nos. 200-216 West Orange street, Lancaster, and also extensive dealer in leaf tobacco, was born in Alsace, France, March 16, i860, son of Benjamin and Esther (Woertenslock) Weill, the former of whom was born in Alsace, the latter in Strasborg, France. Benjamin Weill, the father was engaged in the horse business for a great many years, but retired in 1892 and resides in Alsace at the ad- vanced age of ninety-two years. The mother of our subject died in 1873, at the age of forty- nine years. They had these children: Solomon, who engages in the horse business in the old home in P"rance; Benjamin, also in the horse busi- ness in Brooklyn, N. Y. ; Myer, also in the sanae business in France; and Henry, the subject of this sketch. When our subject was but thirteen years of age he was deprived of the love and care of his mother by her death, and he left his home, working at vari- ous kinds of labor in his native country, until at the age of twenty years he found himself in Paris. Af- ter one year in that great city, he determined to reach America and make a career for himself. In 1881 he reached Lancaster, and with his brother Benja- min, began the buying and selling of horses, the part- nership lasting for ten years, since which time he has carried it on with increasing success on his own account. Mr. Weill is a self-made man, and has ac- cumulated large means and established great busi- ness connections by his own efforts. The horse busi- ness is one with which he is thoroughly acquainted, being one in which several generations of his family have successfully engag:ed. Until 1899 he dealt both wholesale and retail, but since that year has retired from the retail business. In 1892 he built at a cost of $10,000, his fine sale stable to accommo- date 100 horses, and has been a large horse exporter, exporting as many as 2,000 horses to London each year. Since 1897 he has been extensively engaged in the leaf tobacco business, and employs about fifty men in his warehouse. Few men in this locality have displayed better business judgment than has Mr. Weill. On Aug. 26, 1884, in Lancaster, Mr. Weill mar- ried Julia Pioso, born in Alsace, France, who died May 24, 189s, at the age of twenty-nine years. Her children were. Adeline P., Beatrice P., Blanche P. and Rosa P. Mrs. Weill was a daughter of Lath- rase Pioso, who came from Alsace with his family to Lancaster in 1881, and engaged in the horse busi- ness. He died in 1887, aged forty-five years. His widow resides with our subject at the age of sixty- one. On April 3, 1900, Mr. Weill was married to Rose Hirsh, born in Lancaster, daughter of Abra- ham Hirsh, a retired millinery merchant of Lan- caster. Mr. Weill is a well-known and highly re- spected citizen of Lancaster, where he is liberal in his support of all pubHc-spirited enterprises. He belongs to no political party. He is a member of the Jewish Synagogue, and is generous in his sup- port of its work. NOAH Z. HESS. Among the most esteemed residents of Pequea township is Noah Z. Hess,, who is descended from a family of Lancaster county,, whose members have always commanded the high- est respect. Michael Hess, his great-grandfather,, bought a farm of 115 acres for five shillings and the place is now occupied by the father of our subject. Abraham Hess, the grandfather, was born in Pequea township, and there passed his entire life. He married Elizabeth Musser, and to this union three sons were born, one dying in infancy : Ben- jamin died at the age of eighteen months ; and Abra- ham M. is the father of our subject. Abraham M. Hess was born in Pequea town- ship in 1829, was educated in the common schools, of the county, and began life for himself when twenty years of age, taking up farming, which he has always followed. In the fall of 1850 he married Elizabeth Hess, and one son was born to them,. Emanuel, who died in infancy. The mother died in the fall of 185 1, and Mr. Hess afterward married Anna Zigler, of East Donegal township, by whom he had seven children: Conrad Z., of Pequea town- ship ; Benjamin, of Fulton township ; Abram, of East Donegal township ; Noah Z. ; Ezra, deceased ; Ezli, who died in infancy ; and Mattie, wife of Paris- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 805 Engle, of Columbia, Pa. Mrs. Anna (Zigler) Hess died in July, 1868. Abraham M. Hess then mar- ried Barbara Herr, who became the mother of four children : Annie, wife of. Graybill Mann, of Manor township; Enos, of State College, Pa.; Barbara, who died in infancy; and Lizzie, who is at home. Mr. Hess is a member of the Dunkard Church, bet- ter known as the River Brethren Church, and he has been a deacon in same for a number of years. He has settled up a number of estates, and has been guardian for several families — a fact which testifies forcibly to the estimate placed upon his character and ability by those who know him well. Noah Z. Hess was born in Pequea township, Jan. 15, 1861, and was educated in the common schools of the county, remaining at home until he was about twenty-six years of age, when he married Miss Ada Eckman, of Pequea, and began life for himself. Af- ter farming on his father's place for three years he purchased the place where he now resides, and con- tinued in agricultural pursuits in which he has met with gratifying success. He owns a farm of 138 acres, one of the finest places in Pequea township, and he holds a high place among the best citizens of his community. Mr. Hess was admitted to the ministry of the River Brethren Church by Bishop Henry L. Heisey, in May, 1897, and officiates at the churches in Lancaster, Strasburg and Pequea. Mr. and Mrs. Hess are the parents of four chil- dren : Mamie E., at home ; Ira E., who died in in- fancy; and Ada E. and Roy Noah, at home. JOHN JOHNS BAIR, the genial head of the coat and wrap department of Watt & Shand's big establishment, Lancaster, comes from a family who settled in Lancaster county early in the eighteenth century. Three brothers Bair came to America and secured from William Penn, a large land grant along Mill creek, extending from Spangler's mill to Hoover's mill, near the Welsh mountains. This tract extended for a distance of perhaps five miles, and the road which these three Bair brothers laid out was originally only an Indian foot path. Of the descendants of these pioneers, John Bair became a prominent drover and farmer, and his son Levi E., was for many years a farmer, but is now livipg retired, by reason of ill health. Levi E. Bair married Josephine Johns, a daughter of the late Ja- cob Johns, a farmer of West Earl, and who, like the Bairs, came from an old and honored family. The marriage was blessed with six children, only two of whom are living: Levi R., of the class of 1902, Franklin and Marshall College ; and John J. John Johns Bair was born in Upper Leacock township, Oct. 12, 1867. His parents removed from that section when he was only two years old, and his education was obtained at Honey Brook, Chester county (where he was graduated from the high school), and at the State Normal School at Millers- ville. After leaving the State Normal, Mr. Bair returned to his father's farm, and, after spending two years there, entered the service of Messrs. Watt & Shand. This was in 1886 and he has remained there ever since. Alter mastering the details of a general mercantile business in the ever popular New York store, Mr. Bair took charge of the cloak de- partment — a department which, largely through his exertions, has become noted all through the com- munity. Mr. Bair does all the buying, and superin- tends all the selling of that important part of this big establishment. He is accepted as an authority on ladies' wraps by many of the best dressers of Lancaster. Socially Mr. Bair is a member of the Knights of Malta, and Odd Fellows, being a past officer of the latter ; politically he is a Republican ; and religiously a Lutheran, being identified with Grace Lutheran Church. In all the walks of life he is a courteous, intelligent and conscientious gentleman. WILLIAM S. GROFF. There are many lines of business successfully carried on in the large cities of the country, by those who have been reared in quiet country homes and there taught by excellent parents those principles which have contributed much to their later prosperous careers. Such is the case with William S. Groff, one of the well known fruit and produce merchants of Philadelphia. Abram Groff, his grandfather, was a farmer and miller in West Earl township, where he died March 4, 1885, at the age of seventy-eight. His wife, Het- tie (Wenger) Grofif, died in 1852, at the age of thirty-five years, both of them being buried in the Groffdale cemetery. Mr. Groff had been long a leading man in his community, and for many years served as school director. His children were : Daniel W., deceased; Abram W., deceased; Maria W., who is the widow of John Graybill, of Upper Leacock township; Martin W., deceased; Samuel W., the father of our subject; Christian W., a farm- er of West Earl township ; and Hettie W., of Read- ing, Pa., who is the widow of Peter Snyder. The second marriage of Abram Grofif was to Mrs. Cath- erine (Bare) Good, and one son was born to this union, Elam, now a retired farmer of Bareville. Samuel W. Grofif was born in West Earl town- ship, May 19, 1839, and he remained with his pa- rents until he had reached his majority, at that time taking charge of a farm in West Earl township, where he remained until his purchase of his present farm in 1886. On Dec. 22, 1864, he was united in marriage to Miss Susannah Sprecher, and to this marriage was born one son, William S., who is the subject of this biography. Mrs. Susannah (Sprecher) Grofif was born in Earl township, Nov. 3, 1841, a daughter of WilHam and Susannah (Wenger) Sprecher, who were na- tives of Earl and Upper Leacock townships, re- spectively. Mr. Sprecher died in 1878, aged sixty- eight years, his widow surviving until 1898, dying at the age of seventy-eight, and both were buried in the cemetery attached to the Lutheran Church of 806 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY New Holland, of which they were consistent mem- bers. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Sprecher were: Elizabeth, of New Holland; Susannah, the wife of Mr. Groff ; Maria, the wife of George Groff, of Bareville; George, a farmer and supervisor in Brecknock township; William, a farmer of West Earl township ; and John,- Amanda and Louisa, de- ceased. William Sprecher was a son of George Sprecher, and his wife, Elizabeth Sheaffer ; and Su- sannah (Wenger) Sprecher was a daughter of Jo- -seph Wenger, of Lancaster county. William S. Groff of this sketch was born in Earl township, Oct. 23, 1867, son of Samuel and Su- sannah (Sprecher) Groff. He was educated in the public schools of his district, and until he was ten years old he remained with his parents in his native township, and then accompanied them to Upper Leacock, where he continued until the age of six- teen. At this period he entered the store of J. D. Buckwalder, as a clerk, remaining with him for eleven years. When Mr. Stump purchased the busi- ness, he continued with the new proprietor for the succeeding two years, going then to Philadelphia where he engaged in his present business, which he has most successfully conducted ever since. Mr. Groff resides at No. 2223 Columbia avenue, Phila- delphia, 'and is known as a highly esteemed citizen and upright man of business. Politically he is a Republican, and he takes a very active interest in public affairs. On May 10, 1899, William S. Groff was married in Philadelphia to Miss Eva M. Myer, a daughter of the late Rev. Samuel and Amanda (Evans) Myer, of Upper Leacock township. ' WILLIAM DAVID KING, a well known busi- ness man of Lancaster city, is descended from a very old and influential family of this county. His grandfather, Jacob King, was one of the pioneer coopers of the section, and his father, the late David King, was a leading grocer of Lancaster for thirty- five years. David King married Miss Margaret Ann Lewars, who belonged to a well known family of this city, and eight children were born to them, four of whom are deceased. Among those who have passed beyond was Dr. George A. King, for many years one of the most prominent physicians in Lan- caster. The surviving children are Walter E., a telegrapher in the Western Union service. New York; W. Newton, extra cashier in the Third Na- tional Bank of Baltimore; C. Henry, who is assist- ing his brother, William D., in the wine and liquor business ; and William David, our subject proper. William David King was born in Lancaster thirty-eight years ago, and was educated in the pub- lic schools of this city. At an early age he entered his father's grocery store as clerk, remaining there several years, and then passing ten years as a clerk in the grocery store of Capt. J. L. Binkley. Leav- ing the Binkley establishment, Mr. King spent one year with D. S. Bursk, grocer, one year with Sam- uel Clark, grocer, and two years with A. A. Shaeffer, wine and liquor merchant, and on April I, 1900, purchased and took possession of the extensive wholesale and retail wine and liquor establishment of the late S. G. Gensemer. It is located at No. 253 North Queen street. Mr. King has greatly in- creased the business since taking possession, for he has given it the closest personal attention, and had added largely to the trade. Politically Mr. King is a Republican, but he takes no active part in politics. Religiously he is a mem- ber of St. Paul's Reformed Church. Mr. King owns and occupies a beautiful cottage on the Philadelphia turnpike, in the eastern suburbs of the city, and his venerable mother, to whom he is devotedly attached, makes her home with him. His wife was Sadie ' Fisher, daughter of Henry Fisher, millwright of Salisbury township, Lancaster county. WILLIAM. L. SHOEMAKER, a farmer of Fulton township, was born Dec. 20, 1843, son of Jesse and Sarah (Lukens) Shoemaker (deceased), of Martic township. The father and mother origi- nally resided in Montgomery county. Pa., and re- moved to Martic township during their younger days. Jesse Shoemaker was a son of Joseph Shoe- maker, who was a native of Montgomery county. Joseph Shoemaker was the father of four children: Abraham, Jesse, Charles and Lydia, all deceased. Jesse Shoemaker was born in 1796. His first wife was Miss Sarah Ambler, to whom he was married in 1825. One child, Hannah A., was born to this union and is now deceased. Mr. Shoemaker mar- ried (second) Miss Sarah Lukens, in 1828, and six children were born of this union, namely : Joseph, born July 9, 1829, is deceased ; Enos, born Nov. 19, 1830, is deceased; Abraham, born May 12, 1832, is a farmer in Martic township; Martha Ann, bom April I, 1837, is deceased ; Charles, born Nov. 2, 1840, is deceased; and William L., born Dec. 20, 1843. . William L. Shoemaker married Miss Alice A. Lamborn, daughter of Smedley and Margaret ( Bol- ton) Lamborn, on Jan. 20, 1870. Mrs. Shoemak- er's parents were of English origin. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Shoemaker has been blessed ,with children as follows : Winona E., born Dec. 7, 1870, and is the wife of Harry J. Drennen, of Fulton town- ship ; Jesse, born Sept. 19, 1880, and died in child- hood ; and Lula M., born Oct. 30, 1888. Mrs. Shoe- maker was reared on a farm and was one of eleven children. Her father, Smedley Lamborn, was born Jan. 6, 1807, and married, Dec. 22, 1830, Miss Mar- garet Bolton, who was born Aug. 26, 18 10. He died Sept. 26, 1851, and his wife died Nov. 21, 1855. They had children as follows: George S., born Nov. 24, 1831, resides in Martic township; Aquilla B., was born Feb. 23, 1833 ; Emeline,. born Sept. 30, 1834, is the wife of Joseph Shoemaker, of Martic township; Elwood, born Aug. 4, 1836, is deceased; BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 807 William L., born Jan. 6, 1839, is deceased; Mary Elizabeth, born June 22, 1840, is the wife of Thomas B. Hamilton; Sarah, born Nov. 8, 1842, is the wife of Jacob Brown, of Fulton township ; Priscilla, born Jan. 19, 1844, is deceased; Alice A., was born April 14, 1847 ; Lucinda, born Aug. 22, 1849, is the wife of Benjamin Tennis, of Drumore township; and Lydia S., born Oct. 29, 185 1, is the wife of Amos Smith, of Drumore township. William L. Shoemaker was reared on his father's farm, and received his education in the public schools of his district. He chose farming as a vocation, and has followed that occupation ever since. His farm of 113 acres is finely improved and shows every evi- dence of careful care and cultivation. Mr. Shoe- maker is also half owner in the old homestead, con- sisting of eighty-nine acres, in Martic township. He is a Republican in politics, and at present holds the office of president of the school board of Fulton township (he has been a member of the board for sixteen years), a position which is of considerable importance in the educational interests of the neigh- borhood. He and his family are members of the Society of Friends. He stands as one of the fore- most men of Fulton township, on account of his well known probity of character and kindly disposi- tion. FRANCIS L. HERR, one of the prominent busi- ness men of Lancaster, treasurer and bookkeeper of the Lancaster Cork Works, was born near Stras-" burg, Pa., Aug. 3, 1844, son of Benjamin G. and Mary Emma Herr, and remained with his parents on the farm until his sixteenth year, in the meantime improving his educational opportunities to the ex- tent of graduating from the high school and attend- ing the State Normal School. Mr. Herr then lo- cated in Lancaster, and for three years was employed in the office of the clerk of Sessions court. After- ward he secured a position in the First National Bank at Strasburg as clerk and teller, but in June, T863, at the time of the invasion of Pennsylvania by the Confederate army, he enlisted in Company D, 50th P. Y. I. Three years later he assumed the management of a cotton plantation in Arkansas, owned by a Lancaster firm. Owing to ill health Mr. Herr was obliged to cut short his plantation experience at the end of a year and a half, and, in the hope of restoring his health, settled on the old homestead and farmed for several years. In 1870 he was employed by Jay Cadwell in his cork works, and from the position of bookkeeper rose to manager of the works, which position he held until 1874, when he resigned for the purpose of associating with others to establish the Lancaster Cork Works. This factory subsequently passed into the hands of George W. Dodge & Son, and was operated by them until i8qi, when it was purchased by the Armstrong Cork Co., of Pittsburg, and has since been operated by this company in connection with their works in Pittsburg, Pa. These two works furnish four-fifths of the corks manufactured in this country. The Lan- caster branch moved into their present factory in 1881, which has been enlarged from time to time, and now employs five hundred men and girls. Mr. Herr has been identified with the works during the whole time since they were first established. In 1874 Mr. Herr was married to Sarah A. My- ers, daughter of David and Elvina Myers, of Lan- caster city. Mrs. Herr died Feb. 2, 1882, leaving two daughters, Mabel E. and Alice A. Mr. Herr is well and favorably known in business and social circles of Lancaster, and he has many friends to appreciate his financial ability and admirable per- sonal characteristics. Politically he affiliates with the Republican party. EPHRAIM H. REITZEL, Sr. Mr. Reitzel is now in his sixty-second year, having been born Feb. 4, 1842. His life has been an active and useful one, and he is one of the honored veterans of the Civil war. He is a grandson of Conrad Reitzel, a weaver by trade, who emigrated to America from Switzer- land, and settled in West Hempfield township, where he died. Mr. Reitzel's father was named Joseph. He, too, learned the carpet weaver's trade in early youth, and in later years that of a miller, but toward the end of his life embarked in business as a butcher, in which line he continued until his death, which oc- curred in 1867, after he had attained the age of four score years and four. He was distinguished for patriotism and personal courage, and carried a col- onel's commission during the war of 1812, and set- tled in Lancaster county in 1825. While not a pro- fessing church member, he was a man whose stand- ard of moral conduct was regulated by deeply seated Christian principles. He was twice married. His first wife's maiden name was Boner. She bore him four sons and two daughters, none of whom are living. Their names were : Jacob, Joseph, John (a teamster in the Union army during the Civil war), .Samuel, Margaret and Elizabeth. His sec- ond wife, who has also passed away, was Elizabeth Mann, of Chester coimty, a brief sketch of whose family history may be found in a succeeding para- graph. She was a member of the Winebrennerian denomination, and died June 15, 1893, at the same age as her husband. Ephraim H. Reitzel was the third child of his father's second marriage. The others were : Will- iam, Harrison, Augustus, Calvin and Sarah. Will- iam, now deceased, served as captain of Co. G, 2nd Reserves, P. V. T., during the^Civil war, and was wounded in his country's service. Sarah is unmar- ried, and resides with her brother, Ephraim. The other children died before reaching mature age. The first twenty-one years of Mr. Reitzel's -life were passed in Mountville. At the age of nine he began working on a farm, and when fourteen years old found employment as a lime burner in the stone quarries. In his nineteenth year he commenced to learn the trade of blacksmith, but in 1862 entered 808 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the Pennsylvania Corapan)r's repair shops, remain- ing there until Feb. 15, 1864. He then enlisted in Co. G. i86th P- V. I., commanded by Capt. D. P. Billington, and remained in the service until he was mustered out, Aug. 13, 1865, at Philadelphia. On his return from the army he re-entered the service of the railroad company in his former position. After a few years he took the position of brakeman, and after eighteen months was made flagman. A year and a half later he was promoted to a conductorship, the duties of which post he continued to discharge with marked ability and unwearying fidelity until i8g6. In that year an accident, caused by a defect in the air brakes, incapacitated him for further work as a conductor, he having sustained "a fracture of several ribs, as well as other serious injuries. On his recovery he accepted the post of watchman, and in that caoacity he is still in the employ of the corti- pany, which he has served so long and faithfully. He is a Republican in politics, and is a member of the Brotherhood of the Union, having been deputy grand chief Washington of the order in Lancaster county. Mr. Reitzel was married in August, 1862, at I-ancaster, to Miss Catherine, daughter of Andrew and Catherine (Fair) Sheriff. Her father was a successful farmer of Perry county, where she was born Feb. T3, 1843. She was the youngest of a fam- ily of seven children. John, the eldest, lives in the old homestead. Isaiah and Mary (who married Christian Hauss) are deceased. Conrad and David are farmers in Cumberland county. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Reitzel has been blessed with five daughters and seven sons. The eldest two, Lydia and Andrew, died in childhood. Henry married Anna English, of Columbia. Sarah is the widow of Joseph Schleif , who lost his life in a railroad acci- dent, and lives with her brother Ephraim. Mary is the wife of Lewis Ibaugh, a brakeman, and resides in Colum.bia. Edward is a brakeman, and married Ida Witman ; he, too, lives in Columbia. Adam died before reaching mature years. Albert and Ephraim are both railway brakeman, whose homes are in Columbia. The first named married Lillie Harman, and the latter lives with his parents. George is deceased. Catherine and Lucy are both unmarried and live at home. Ephraim H. Reitzel's mother, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Mann, belonged to a family distinguished for ardent patriotism, as well as noted for the longevity of its members. Her paternal grandfather was William Mann, of Fallowfield township, Chester county. .He married Jane Brown, a first cousin of the noted general, "Mad" Anthony Wayne, from which relationship it may be inferred that she came of fighting stock. She had four brothers, who served in the patriot army, John, David, Matthew and Eli. The two latter lost their lives in the massacre at Paoli. David was wotmded and carried an English bullet in his body until his death. He and his brother John returned from the war and settled in Ohio. To William and Jane (Brown) Mann were born eight sons: James, John, Jonathan, William, Joseph, Samuel, Ezekiel and Eli. John Mann, the maternal grandfather of Mr. Reitzel, was also a Revolutionary hero. His wife was Anna Devine, a daughter of William De- vine and Isabella Moore, who emigrated from Scot- land to the American colonies during the trouble- some times of the Revolution. Isabella (Moore) Devine lived to the very old age of one hundred and 'seven years, and sleeps in the burying ground of Upper Octoraro township, in Chester county. Jane Brown, the wife of William Mann, and the great- grandmother of E. H. Reitzel, lived to be one hun- dred and two years old. Her dust rests in a grave at Fallowfield. John and Anna (Devine) Mann were the parents of four sons and seven daughters, Mr. Reitzel's mother being the seventh child in order of birth. The others were Jacob, William, John, Samuel, Anna, Jane, Mary, Sarah, Hannah and Margaret. The warlike spirit of their ancestors fired the hearts of the sons, and two of them, al- though beyond the maximum limit of age for enlist- ment, entered the Union army. Anna married Emanuel Baughman, and three of their sons also fought under the Stars and Stripes throughout the Civil war, two of them dying upon the battlefield. Mrs. Baughman died in 1896 at the age of ninety. Jane Mann became the wife of John Mowrey, and removed to Michigan. She was the mother of three daughters, two of whom married soldiers who fol- lowed the flag South, and one of whom lived to mourn a husband who never returned. Mrs. Jane Mowrey is still living. FRANK BURROWS TROUT is one of the most prominent figures in the business and social life of Lancaster, and is a brother of H. L. Trout, Clerk of the Court of Quarter Sessions, whose sketch ap- pears elsewhere. Mr. Trout was horn in Lancaster, and was edu- cated in the public schools of that city. After gradu- ating from the high school he became an apprentice at bookbinding with the late George Wiant, and at the close of his apprenticeship was recognized as an expert finisher. He took charge of the State Bindery, at Harrisburg, Pa., and after six months there re- moved to Washington, D. C, where he became one of the heads of departments- in the Government book bindery, remaining there ten years. His next move was to Philadelphia, where for three years he was connected with the noted J. B. Lippincott Publishing Company. Then he came back to Lancaster, and, under the firm title of Trout & Shank, established a gents' furnishings store, shirt factory and laundry in North Queen street, where the Northern National Bank is now located. Continuing this until 1888, Mr. Trout bought the old Gruel Confectionery property, Nos. 166-168 North Queen street, which he com- pletelv remodeled, and he has now erected the hand- some building known as the Trout Building on that BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 809 site. In 1898 he closed out the gents' furnishing business, but still retains an interest in the laundry- business, which is now a company concern'. How- ever, he has practically retired from business pursuits, and spends his time in looking after his varied in- terests. Mr. Trout is a stanch Republican in politics. He is a member of the board of school directors of Lancaster from the First ward, now serving his sec- ond term. Fraternally he belongs to the Blue Lodge, F. & A. M., Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, Hamilton Club, the County Golf Club, and the Lan- caster Road Drivers' Association, of which latter he is an enthusiastic member, for he not only loves a good horse, but always owns one. Socially he is popular everywhere ; in brief, no man in Lancaster is more popular than Frank Burrows Trout. Re- ligiously he is a Presbyterian. JOHN LUTHER HAYS. In every commun- ity may be found representative citizens, who, as they begin to feel the weight of advancing years after an active life, have settled down in comfort to enjoy the fruits of former activity. Prominent in this class in Maytown, Pa., is John Luther Hays, who was born there Oct. 11, 1843, son of John and Elizabeth (Garst) Plays, natives of Adams county and of Marietta, respectively. In young manhood John Hays came to Maytown, and here conducted a saddlery business, also en- gaged in raising tobacco, being among the first to believe in its successful culture. In the course of time he became one of the prominent men of the community, served as assessor for the township, up- held the principles of the Lutheran Church, and died in 1893, at the age of eighty-one ; his wife survived until 1899. To this worthy couple were born: George, deceased : Maggie, who married Samuel Klair, and resides in Columbia ; John ; and Alice R., who married A. R. Houseal, a retired manufacturer of Maytown. John Luther Hays remained under the parental roof until of legal age, assisting his father in the raising of tobacco, and then learned the carpenter trade, which became his principal business through life. Much of the excellent work to be seen in the building line in this vicinity testifies to the workmanship of Mr. Hays, and even yet he can show skill, in the use of the tools of his trade. Mr. Hays was married in Cumberland county. Pa., to Miss Elizabeth Johnstin, and to this union were born : Nellie J., now occupying the important post of matron of the Columbia Hospital ; Maggie M., who died in 1897; Charles B., who died in in- fancy ; and Rosella. Mrs. Hays was born in May- town Oct. II, 1841, a daughter of James and Leah (Lightner) Johnstin, of Maytown and York county, respectively, the former of whom was a mercantile clerk, and died at the age of thirty-three ; the mother still survives, although an invalid, and resides with Mrs. Havs. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Johnstin were : Elizabeth ; Harry, of London, Ohio ; James F., a farmer of East Donegal ; and Winfield S., of Middletown, Pennsylvania. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Hays were Francis and Catherine (Hawk) Johnstin, natives of Scotland ; and the maternal grandparents were Will- iam and Esther (Brenneman) Lightner, of Green- castle, Pa., and of Lancaster county, respectively, the former a wealthy man who was said to have spent two fortunes, while the father of the latter was the noted Dr. Hans Brenneman. In politics Mr. Hays is a Democrat, and has been one of the progressive and leading men in the vicin- ity. In 1864, with H. H. Klugh, he enlisted in the 195th regiment for service in the Civil war, and he was also a member and sergeant of Co. B, 114th P. V. I. His life has been a busy and useful one, and he well deserves the ease which he is able to take, surrounded by the respect and affection of friends. WILLIAM B. MOORE, who has followed the carpenter trade very successfully for many years in Christiana, Pa., was born in Sadsbury township 4mo. 20th, 1846, son of Walker and Anna (Smed- ley) Moore, natives, respectively, of Sadsbury and Little Britain townships, this county. Andrew Moore, the great-great-grandfather of William B., came from the town of Armagh, Coun- ty Tyrone, Ireland, in 1723, and settling in Sadsbury township, Chester county, built the first mill to be erected in that part of the county. There he pur- chased land to the extent of a thousand acres, lying partly in Chester and partly in Lancaster counties. Pie was one of the Friends active in having the Meeting for Divine Worship established at Sads- bury in 1724. John Moore, son of Andrew, grew to manhood, and became prominent in the agricultural and re- ligious life of Chester county. He married Sarah Downing. John Moore (2), son of John and Sarah, made his home in Sadsbury township, where he -engaged in farming and blacksmithing. After his marriage he moved across the line into Lancaster county. He married Mary Walker, who was born in 1782, and died 9th m.o. 5th, 1843. He died the Sth mo. 14th, 1864, at the age of ninety. Walker Moore, son of John (2), and father of William B., was born ist mo. 14th, 1810, and he died at the present home of our subject 9th mo. 29th, 1890. He married Anna Smedley, who was born 9th mo. 4th, 1818, daughter of Joseph and Rachel (Balance) Smedley, natives of Chester county, who removed to I-ancaster county at an early day, and took a prominent place in the life of the times. Anna (Smedley) Moore died 1st mo. loth, 1876, and was buried in Bart Cemetery, as were also the remains of her husband. Both were members of the Orthodox Society of Friends. Their family consisted of the following children: Rachel, who married William Wickersham, a farmer in London 810 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Grove township, Chester county ; Sarah and Susan- nah, who both died young; WilUam B. ; Joseph S., a bookkeeper at Galena, Kans., who married Clara Thoren, of Philadelphia ; John W., deceased ; Anna, who married Howard Webster, a farmer of New London township, Chester county ; Asahel, a farmer and surveyor, who lived and died in Lancaster coun- ty, and who married Hannah Mendenhall, of Ches- ter county ; Pascal, a carpenter, who married Anna Mendenhall, of Chester county, and is now de- ceased: Caleb, a carpenter in Quakerville, Kans., who married Mary Harvey, of Spring River, Kans. ; Joshua, who died young; and Mary, who married Eugene Scott, a grocer at Malvern, Pennsylvania. William B. Moore lived with his parents until 1864, when he began the carpenter trade with a cousin, Truman C. Moore, with whom he remained twelve years. He then bought a farm in Sadsbury township, on which he remained sixteen years, and which he still owns. In 1891 he gave up farming, and moving to Christiana, he has since followed carpentering, although practically living retired. For five years he efficiently served as supervisor, one year as tax collector, and at the present time he is treasurer of the Christiana Fire Co., and of the Christiana Building and Loan Association. . His political faith is that of the Republicans. In his religious belief he adheres to the faith of his fathers and belongs to the religious Society of Friends. Photography has furnished him a pleasing recrea- tion, and he has many fine views of old buildings and interesting scenes in Lancaster county. William B. Moore has been twice married. On 5th mo. 28th, 1874, in New London township, Ches- ter county, he wedded Phoebe J. Moore, who was born in Sadsbury township, Chester county, in 1847, and who died 4th mo. loth, 1876, the mother of one child, Anna E., born 12th mo. 6th, 1875, and died 7th mo. loth, 1876. Phoebe J. (Moore) Moore was a descendant of Andrew Moore, a farmer of Lancaster county. In 1762 he built a stone house, in what is now Christi- ana, as a home for his family, and this house stood until 1894, when it was taken down by Isaac Slocum, and the present house built on the site of the old one. Andrew Moore died in Harrisburg while on his way to Center county, Pennsylvania. Jeremiah Moore, son of Andrew, was born in Sadsbury township. He was afflicted with lack of power of speech and hearing from birth, but al- though thus afflicted he made a success of life, and proved himself a good business man, being both a millwright and a manufacturer. His wife, Phoebe Jones, was born in Chester county. Jeremiah Moore (2), son of Jeremiah and father of Phoebe J., was born 5th mo. 12th, 1803, in Ches- ter county. When he was four years old he was brought into Lancaster county by his parents, and remained in this county until his marriage, when he settled in Chester county. By occupation he was a farmer and undertaker. He married Elizabeth W. Ely, of Solebury, Bucks county, who died 2nd mo. 1 2th, 1874, at the age of seventy-one. He died 1st mo. nth, 1887, and was laid to rest be- side his wife in New West Grove cemetery in Chester county. They were both members of the religious Society of Friends. Their children were: Mary E., who married Benjamin McFad- gen, of Chester county ; Sarah M., who married M. P. Wilkinson, and after his death Joseph J. McFad- gen, both of Chester county; Anna M., who mar- ried David Balderson, of New Hope, Bucks county : Levi P., who married Elizabeth L. Faxson, of Chester county, and is deceased; Elizabeth E., who is the present wife of William B. Moore ; and Phoebe J., deceased wife of William B. Moore. On 5th mo. 28th, 1878, William B. Moore mar- ried for his second wife, Elizabeth E. (Moore) Michiner, born 3d mo. 7th, 1843. JOHN K. DIEM, who has Hved retired since 1891, was for thirty years one of the most energetic business men of Intercourse, Lancaster county, en- gaged in several lines of industry. Mr. Diem de- serves special credit for the unusual success he achieved, as he commenced life with no financial assistance, and he is a self-made man in the truest sense of that often misused term. Our subject is a native of this county, born April 6, 1842, in Salisbury township, and is of Ger- man descent in the paternal line, his grandfather, John Diem, having been born in Germany. The lat- ter married Hannah Kennedy, a native of Lancaster county. William Diem, father of John K., was born in Lancaster county, and here passed his entire life, dying in Salisbury township in 1880, at the age of seventy-two. Fie was a shoemaker by occupa- tion. He married Maria Moyer, also a native of Lancaster county, who died in 1890, aged seventy- eight years, and both rest in the Pequea Church cemetery in Salisbury township. Their religious connection was with the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Diem was one of the respected men in his commun- ity, and was active in local affairs, serving as town- ship assessor. Of his children, Catherine married Daniel D. Warfel, and lives in Salisbury township ; Elizabeth, of Philadelphia, Pa., is the widow of James Ayres ; Mary, Mrs. David Kurtz, is deceased ; John K. is mentioned more fully below ; Ellen, Mrs. Foreman, resides in Lancaster ; Hannah is the wife of Edward Ranck, of Salisbury township ; William is a contractor and builder in Chester county, this State : Hettie is the widow of William Cof roth, of Salisbury township; Bellmina lives in Philadelphia; Christ, a contractor and builder, is a resident of Mal- vern, Chester county. John K. Diem received his education in the com- mon schools, and remained under the parental roof until he was eighteen years of age, since when he has fought life's battles on his own account. Hav- ing served an apprenticeship to the carpenter's trade, he followed same for a quarter of a century, from BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 811 i860 to 1885, in time taking up contracting and building. Pie also engaged in the undertaking busi- ness, conducting a large number of funerals in his locality. Meantime, in 1884, he added coal and lumber dealing to his other interests, and continued in that line until his retirement, ten years ago. Mr. Diem's patrons found him uniformly reliable and straiglatforward in every transaction, and this fact, taken into consideration along with a faculty for good management and sound judgment, accounts for the abundant success which rewarded him in all his undertakings. In the accumulation of a com- fortable competence he has retained the respect of all his associates, and he is passing his days among friends gained by years of upright living and devo- tion to duty. Mr. Diem owns a fine farm, which his son cultivates. Since 1901 he has been engaged in the wholesale tobacco business, packing, etc. His strict attention to business has prevented him from taking any active part in public affairs be- yond the casting of his vote, by which he usually supports the candidates of the Republican party. Mr.- Diem has been twice married. His first union, with Miss Margaret Parmer, was celebrated in 1863, in Salisbury township, and was blessed with children as follows : ( i ) Alfred E., of Philadel- phia, is an undertaker ; he has married twice, first to Miss Susan Hoar, subsequently to Miss Phoebe Betz. (2) Henry W. is married and living in Wells'v'ille, Ohio, where he is foreman in the Penn- sylvania Railway Shops. (3) John W., a butcher of Lancaster, married Anna Bowermaster. (4) Mary A. is the wife of Ulysses Musser, of East Lampeter township. (5) Walter S., married and living in Gordonville, is a cigar box manufacturer. (6) Edgar E., a farmer of Leacock township, mar- ried Carrie Mowery. (7) Margaret married Amos Brubaker, a farmer of Upper Leacock township. (8) Emma is the wife of Jesse Bowermaster, of Lancas- ter. (9) Susie married Daniel Bork, a boot and shoe merchant of Lancaster. (10) Annie E. mar- ried Milton Woodward, of Coatesville, Chester coun- ty. The mother died in 1881, aged thirty-seven years, and was buried in Leacock cemetery. She was born in Earl township, this county, daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Bowers) Parmer. In 1884 Mr. Diem married, in Upper Leacock township. Miss Emma Bender, amd they have had four chil- dren, Nettie V., Elsa G., Estella L. and Lloyd F., all still living at home. Mrs. Emma Diem was born in 1854, in Upper Leacock township, a daughter of Kinzer D. and Leah (Berkenbine) Bender. Kinzer D. Bender first married Mary Weidler, and of the children born to this union, Franklin is a retired farmer, now making his home in Mechan- icsburg; John, deceased, was a farmer of Upper Leacock township ; Henry died young ; Mary mar- ried Jacob Burkholder, of Upper Leacock township ; and William K. is a resident of Strasburg. The sec- ond marriage of Mr. Bender was to Susan Weidler, the sister to his first wife, and one son was born of this marriage, Weidler, who died when grown to maturity. The third marriage of Kinzer Bender was to Leah Berkenbine, and to them were born: George, of Lancaster ; Emma, who married John K. Diem; Kinzer, of Upper Leacock township; Anna, who married Edward Sutton, a traveling agent; and Salome, deceased. The father died in Sep- tember, 1887, at the age of eighty- three years, and was buried in Heller's Church cemetery. The mother is still living in Lancaster City. She is a member of the Evangelical Church, as was also her husband. JACOB C. PFAHLER (deceased). By their lives men win the imperishable respect, affection and gratitude of their fellow citizens, if deeds and daily habits are' of noble type. When the name of Jacob C. Pfahler is spoken, it is with kindliness, respect and true regard. The career of Mr. Pfahler at Columbia was one of earnest endeavor, crowned with deserved success. For more than half a cent- ury he was a prominent citizen of that borough. As a youth of sixteen years, about 183 1, with hope and ambition to live a worthy life, with principles of rectitude and righteousness firmly implanted in his nature, he came to Columbia, and there he continued to reside, one of the borough's most estimable citi- zens, until his death, Sept. 10, 1899. CHristopher Pfahler, his father, migrated from Germany, his native land, to America when a lad, and in 1803 settled in York county. Pa. There he followed farming and the trade of turner, which he had acquired in the Fatherland. He married Cath- erine Hilderbrand, and of their five sons Jacob C, born Jan. 13, 1815, was the eldest. Henry, late a resident of Columbia, was the last survivor. As was common sixty or seventy years ago, Jacob C. Pfahler acquired a trade, that of a saddler, and that vocation he followed at Columbia for a period of sixty-five years. The most estimable char- acter which he developed won him the friendship and affection of all who knew him. During the war he served as burgess, and for several years was councilman. For a period of forty-two years he was treasurer of the Columbia Public Grounds Co. He was also treasurer of the Mt. Bethel Cemetery Co., of the Columbia & Marietta Pike Co., and of the Pennsylvania Bible Society, holding these offices at the time of his death. In his younger years he was a Democrat, but later in life supported the principles of the Republican party. Mr. Pfahler was a man of deep and sincere religious convictions. Early in life he became connected with the Presbyterian Church, and in 1870 became an elder in the church, continuing in that official capacity until his death. The marriage of Jacob C. Pfahler and Sarah J. Schnaeder was solemnized at York, Pa., in 1839. The wife died March 23, 1868, aged forty-nine years. Two children were born to them : Charles H., who died unmarried in 1891 ; and Mrs. Jemima M. Trnscott, who died July 5, 1901, and who was 812 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the solace of Mr. Pfahler in his declining years. Ill health had obliged him in 1881 to retire from active life, and his later years were made pleasant by the ministrations and care of his daughter. She suc- ceeded him as treasurer of the Pennsylvania Bible Society. Jacob Pfahler possessed those charitable and broad views of life which distinguished the true nobleman. His business talents and application had gained for him a deserved competence, but financial success only deepened and mellowed the governing principles of humanity and charity which marked his entire career. His loss has been keenly felt not only by his immediate friends but by the wide circle of acquaintances with whom his memory will linger long as an inspiration to that which is best and highest in mankind. PETER FOREMAN. The history of the Foreman family in America begins with the com- ing of Frederick Foreman from Germany, to make his home in Berks county, Pa., where he worked as a day laborer, and lived to be over eighty years old. Bis religious affiliations were with the Luth- eran Church, and his career in life, though lowly, was in every way honorable. Peter Foreman, his son, and the grandfather of Peter Foreman, whose name appears above^ spent the most of his life in Berks county, where he was born. A few. years before his death at the age of seventy-two, he came into Lancaster- county to make his home. A shoemaker by trade, he followed that occupation the most of his life. Elizabeth Styer, his wife, was a native of Lancaster county, and be- came the mother of a large family of children : John, the father of Peter Foreman; Samuel, a collier in Caernarvon township ; Daniel, who is living at Mor- gantown, Berks county, where he followed the car- penter trade for many years ; Katie, who married Adam Styer, of Caernarvon township ; Eliza, who married Nona Quaintance, of Reading, Pa. ; Mary, wife of Charles Thomas, of Philadelphia; Sarah, who wedded Thomas Murphy, and lives in Illinois ; Rebecca, wife of William Conway, of Caernarvon township, and who now has her home in Phila- delphia ; Ellen, a twin sister of Daniel, and who died unmarried. John Foreman was born Nov.- 4, 1816, and died Oct. 2, 1893. Although born in Berks county, the most of his life was spent in Lancaster county, where he owned an eighty-acre farm two miles northeast of Churchtown. A successful farmer and a self-made man, he was an enterprising and public- spirited citizen of the community, taking a deep interest in the welfare and progress of his lo- cality. His farm was wild and uncultivated when it came into his possession, but under his industrious and practical management was thoroughly im- proved, and equipped with buildings, machinery and everything needed for its perfect cultivation. Mr. Foreman was married March 14, 1837, to Rachel Pierce, a daughter of Edward and Elizabeth Pierce. Mrs. Foreman was born in Lancaster coun- ty Nov. 6, 1816, and died April 20, 1898. They had a family of twelve children, as follows : Eliza- beth died unmarried; Catherine is the widow of Thomas Nelms, of Chester county; Martha and Margaret, twins, of whom Martha married Wash Woods, of Pittsburg, and Margaret became the wife of John Menzer, of New Holland; Elizabeth (2) died unmarried; Peter; Abraham is a laborer at Morgantown; Sarah is the wife of Frank Mc- Clellan, of Pittsburg ; John died young ; Mary Jane married J. L. Black, of Morgantown ; Clement lives in Birdsborough, Pa. ; and Abner died young. Peter Foreman was born Dec. 25, 1844, and spent the first sixteen years of his life on the farm, receiving his education in the public school. At that age he began working for wages, and was en- gaged in this way until he was twenty-five years of age, when he married and rented a farm, beginning that career in which he has passed his life. For some years he operated rented property; but in 1884 bought his present farm, consisting of seventy acres just north of Churchtown, which he has great- ly improved with fine farm buildings, making it one of the fine country homes in this part of the county. Mr. Foreman and his worthy wife began at the bot- tom with little resources, and they have, by patient persistence in industry, thrift and integrity, risen to an enviable standing among the leading and influ- ential people of the county. While following gen- eral farming in the main, Mr. Foreman has made a specialty of tobacco culture, and is said to be the most extensive tobacco grower in the eastern part of Lancaster county. The Havana Seed is raised by him, and he furnished the tobacco for the Lan- caster county exhibit at the World's Fair at Chicago. Mr. Foreman also deals in fertilizers in connection with his farming. In his politics he is a stanch Re- publican, and takes a deep interest in the welfare of the party. He is a member of the township board of education, and has served as supervisor. He has also been a member of the Republican county committee. Mr. Foreman was married Feb. 8, 1870, to Miss .Susan . Foreman, a daughter of John and Mary (Bartman) Foreman, natives of Lancaster and Mont- gomery counties, respectively. Most of their mar- ried life was spent in Lancaster county, but their last years were passed in Chester county, where the father died at about the age of seventy years, and the mother at about sixty-five years. The father was a forgeman in the iron business. They were both members of the Methodist Church. Jacob Bart- man, the maternal grandfather of Mrs. Foreman, was an undertaker and cabinet maker, and also owned a farm in Montgomery county. Of the chil- dren of John P'oreman, Henry is a resident of Safe Harbor, Lancaster county ; Matilda is the widow of John Slater, of Philadelphia ; Catherine married the Rev. Ben Christ, and died in Minnesota; William BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 813 was a soldier in the Civil war, and was killed in the Seven Days' battle in front of Richmond; Mary is the widow of Isacher Freeman, and lives in Chester county ; Susan is Mrs. Foreman ; Edward is in Phil- adelphia ; Mahlon is in Philadelphia ; and two chil- dren died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Foreman have seven children: Walter, at home ; Henry, a hat finisher at Reading, who served in the Spanish-American war for eight months, being in the front in Porto Rico, and mus- tered out a corporal (he married Miss Agnes Ober) ; Bessie, at home ; Mary, a seamstress at Philadelphia ; John, at home ; Rachael, a student at the Reading Hospital Training School ; and James, at home. The Foremans are all Methodists, and Mr. Foreman is a trustee of the Church. The good lives of the various members of this notable family well entitle them to honorable mention in this book of men who have done things, and who have lived for the good of their kind in Lancaster county. PHILIP D. REA. Among the leading and prosperous farmers of Drumore township is Philip D. Rea, a son of the late William and Sarah Ann (Drancker) Rea, of Sadsbury township. William Rea, the father, was born March 5, 181 1, while his wife was born in 1819; he died Oct. 14, 1881, and .she passed away Nov. 8, 1899. Will- iam Rea was a son of James Rea, and James Rea had the following family: William; Henry; Eben; Jefferson; Robert; Louisa; Eliza; Mary; and Han- nah. The great-grandfather, also James Rea, was born on board ship in the middle of the Atlantic ocean, while his parents were on their way to America, and he was of Scotch-Irish descent. William Rea was a farmer by calling and the father of the following family : Amor, a farmer of Bart township : Mary, the wife of Samuel Fogle, of Christiana; Miss Hannah, on the old homestead; Philip D., of Drumore; Adam T., unmarried and residing on the home farm in Sadsbury ; Miss Sarah, a teacher in the Lancaster county schools ; Elizabeth, wife of Gilbert Smith, a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work; Miss Emma, at home; Tames, of New York City, a teacher in a busmess college and the youngest of the family. The father was a stone mason and bridge builder by trade, and helped to build the old Georgia Central railroad bridge that was destroyed by Sherman's army on their march to the sea. Philip D. Rea was married, on Feb. ir, 1876, to Miss Eliza McGowen, a daughter of John and Catherine (Nott) McGowen, of Sadsbury township, and they were also of Scotch-Irish descent. Mr. and Mrs. Rea have had the following children: Catherine, wife of Charles Evans, of East Drumore township ; E. Noble ; and Hiram M. Philip D. Rea was educated in the common schools of his township, and at the Academy of Christiana. He early began life for himself, and he now owns one of the best farms in southern Lan- caster county. In politics he is a Republican, and throughout the neighborhood he is highly respected and esteemed as a good citizen and obliging neigh- bor, and as a man worthy the confidence of his fel- low townsmen. WILLIAM KAHL. The wealth of encourage- ment emitted from the life of William Kahl, former brick manufacturer of Lancaster, is perhaps the greatest legacy left by this intrepid and remarkably successful man. His life story moves with steady and unswerving, persistency from the unwilling bound-child of tender years to his marriage with fifty cents in his pocket, and on through a splendid soldier service in the Union ranks, to the possession, at the time of his death in 1888, not only of an hon- ored and influential name, but of eighteen houses in Lancaster, besides one of the largest, best equipped, and best paying brick manufactories in the county. A native of Marietta, Pa., Mr. Kahl was born in 1821, and was third in the order of birth of the chil- dren of Frederick S. and Elizabeth (Boas) Kahl, also born in Lancaster county. Pa. Of the other children of the family, Henry is deceased ; John was for years the partner of his brother William, but is now deceased ; Mary married John Kuhns, a tobacconist, and is deceased; and Lavinia became the second wife of Mr. Kuhns, and is also deceased. When very young William Kahl was bound out to service, but was dissatisfied and ran away. He finally brought up in a comb factory, where he re- mained for several years, and in 1847 entered the brick yard owned by Jacob Shirk, in time advancing to the position of manager. During the several years thus employed he gained a fair knowledge of the business which was to stand him in such excell- ent stead in later life, and in 1855 started a like busi- ness for himself with his brother, John, as a partner. He purchased the site of the present home of his widow, one block extending from Lemon to James streets, Mary and Pine streets having since been opened through it, and there he built his kilns and general appurtenances, his brother having a half share in the whole. During the war the brother managed the business, and upon the return of Will- iam from service, he purchased his brother's inter- est, and continued until the brick possibilities of the land were completely exhausted. He therefore pur- chased another tract of ground, and erected larger and more modern manufacturing appliances, and for the remainder of his life made brick by steam power, and in increasing quantities. In the mean- time the land comprising the site of the former plant was undergoing a change from a manufactur- ing center to one of the residence parts of the town, for Mr. Kahl erected many houses thereon, and in fact was responsible for the upbuilding of the great- er part of the northwestern portion of the town. He furnished brick for many of the prominent build- ings in Lancaster, and the quality of his product was as superior as skill and long experience could 814 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY produce. At the time of his death he had an order for a milHOn brick, which order was necessarily can- celled. No more ' gallant and enthusiastic soldier left growing and responsible interests to shoulder arms in a just cause than Mr. Kahl. In .1861 he enlisted in Co. E, 79th P. V. I., and served until his discharge at the end of three years, Oct. 3, 1864. After a short visit to his home he re-enlisted March i, 1865, in Co. A, 87th Regulars, was attached to the ist Brigade, and discharged after the Grand Review up Pennsylvania avenue, Washington, June 25, 1865. He saw much of the terrible and grewsome side of warfare, and participated in most of the his- torically interesting battles. Among other adven- tures he was wounded by gun shot in the calf of his leg, and his eyes were weakened by sap from the cedar trees. Thrice captured, the third time he escaped with no clothes on, and swimming the river, succeeded in joining his regiment. He was pro- moted to the position of wagon master. On July 19, 1846, in Lititz, Pa., Mr. Kahl mar- ried Anna E. Edgerley, a native of Lancaster, and sister of Capt. Edward Edgerley. Mrs. Kahl, who died Jan. 17, 1902, at the age of eighty years, was the mother of six children, viz ; Fred S., deceased ; William E., deceased; Jacob, deceased; Sarah L. ; Gideon S., of Lancaster; and Charles, deceased. Mr. Kahl was identified with the I. O. O. F., the K. P., and Post No. 405, G. A. R., and he was a mem- ber of the Lutheran church. He was a man of large heart, and practical generosity, and the nobility and usefulness of his life appealed to all with whom he came in contact. His death occurred just one day previous to the forty-second anniversary of his mar- riage. HENRY E. MUSSER, M. D. For four gen- erations the name of Musser has been identified with the history of the successful practice of medi- cine in Lancaster coimty. According to the best authenticated reports, the first of the family to set- tle within that shrievalty was Dr. Benjamin Musser, who took up his home in Manor township about the middle of the eighteenth century. Details as to his career are wanting, but the fact that he was twice married is well established. His first wife was a Miss Nicely, and seven children were born of this union. After her death he married Maria Souders, the issue of their marriage being three sons and two daughters: Benjamin, Jacob, Martin, Martha and Lizzie. Dr. Benjamin Musser was the great-grand- father of Dr. Henry E., and Martin (his second son) was the grandfather. Mention of the latter is made in the succeeding paragraph, but a brief reference to collateral genealogical lines is of inter- est. Jacob, the eldest son of the second marriage of Dr. Benjamin Musser, was born Jan. 8, 1771 ; he married a daughter of John and Catherine Nissley, and died March 4, 1840. Benjamin, born Aug. 5, 1799, died March 7, 1824 ; he married a daughter of Christian and Barbara Kendig. Martha and Liz- zie married John and Abram Hess, respectively. Following down the direct genealogical line of Dr. Henry E. Musser, the historian finds it neces- sary to pursue the fortunes of Martin, the third son of Benjamin, and the direct antecedent, in the third generation, of this successful and popular physi- cian. Martin Musser was born March 5, 1793. He read medicine under the enlightened, kindly tute- lage of his father, and at the age of twenty-two be- gan the practice of his profession. To his duties he brought both skill and patience; yet the life of a countrv practitioner, with all the care and toil inci- dent to It in those (comparatively) early days, was not to his liking. He followed the life for twenty years and then resolved to seek a more quiet mode of existence. Accordingly, in 1835, he purchased a farm, on which he passed his remaining years, dying Aug. 9, 1849. His wife's maiden name was Ann Hostetter, and his children were nine in number, named Jacob, Benjamin, Henry, Martin, Daniel, Martha, Susan, Anna and Emma. All the sons, with the exception of Daniel, followed family tradi- tion, and treading in ancestral footsteps, became students of the divine art of healing. The home of Jacob was in Smoketown, where he built up a large and successful practice, and where he died; there, too, he married Martha Herr. Benjamin practiced in Strasburg township, and died there ; he was three times married ; first to Letita Neff ; second to Naomi Herr; and third to Catherine Buckwalter. Henry was the father of Dr. Henry E. Musser. Martin (the fourth son of Martin, Sr.) practiced medicine successfully in Cumberland county, but died in early manhood. Daniel is the husband of Susan Herr, and is leading a retired life at Lancaster, Pa. Martha married John F. Herr, and both she and her husband are deceased. Susan (deceased) be- came the wife of Daniel Herr. Anna married The- odore Herr,' of Denver, Colorado, and died in the West. Her younger sister, Emma, is the wife of Theodore Herr. Henry Musser, third son of Dr. Martin, and father of Dr. Henry E., was born in Lancaster county Oct. 5, 1822. He supplemented a good rudi- mentary education by a more or less desultory study of medicine, but never entered upon its practice. Instead, he became a successful farmer and was always a man of broad, progressive ideas. As a citizen he was public-spirited, with an eye ever open to the general good ; while as an individual he closed neither his ear, his heart nor his purse strings to a tale of distress. His fellow citizens appreciating his character, regarded him highly, recognizing not only his moral worth but his natural aptitude for solving sociological and educational problems, as well. For three years he served as clerk of the court of Quarter Sessions (1868-71). He also served for several years as director of the poor, and no public man or private citizen in Strasburg town- ship has proved himself a more ardent or better en- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 815 lightened champion of public education than he. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Henry Brenne- man. Two sons were born to them, Milton B. and Henry E. Both studied medicine, the elder receiv- ing his diploma from Jefferson Medical College in 1868, and at once beginning practice in Philadel- phia. His success was pronounced from the first; ■indeed, phenomenal for so young a man ; but it was cut short by his death, which occurred, in 1888. He married Caroline S. Swain. Dr. Henry E. Musser was born Feb. 17, 1852. He enjoyed exceptionally good educational advan- tages, physical, intellectual and moral. His father, by both precept and example, instilled sound princi- ples into his youthful mind, while the free untram- meled life of the farm aided not a little in developing to perfection a constitution which was naturally ro- bust. He studied at Jefferson Medical College, and graduated from tliat institution in 1875. His first five years of professional life were passed in Center- ville, Lancaster county, and in 1880 he removed to Smoketown, which has been his home for the past twenty years. Here he has built up a large and lucrative practice, being held in high repute, not less for his many virtues as a man, than for his recog- nized skill as a physician. On Nov. 24, 1875, Dr. Musser married Myra, a daughter of John Musselman, of East Lampeter Three sons have been born to them. The eldest, Charles Milton, is in the employ of the People's Trust Co., at Lancaster; while the second, Guy Musselman, is a graduate of the Philadelphia Col- lege of Pharmacy; and the youngest, Parke N., is in the Custom House at Philadelphia. Dr. Musser is a member of Lancaster Lodge, No. 252, A. O. U. W., and of the Masonic fraternity. JULIUS PAUL- SIEBOLD, the successful East End florist of Lancaster, is a conspicuous ex- ample of a self-made man. Born in Mansfield, Germany, he came to this country in 1877, landing on these shores with little other capital than energy, honesty and an ambition to succeed. At fourteen he commenced to learn locksmithing, and later be- came an expert machinist, studying that trade in Berlin. But not liking it, he came to America in May, 1877, and after working on a dairy farm in New York State for a time, came to Lancaster, in October, 1877. Although he had never before worked on a farm, he filled the bill as though born to the business. After paying two visits to the West and one to the Southwest, he concluded to lo- cate permanently in Lancaster, and in May, 1888, he and his wife settled in that city. After working for a local florist from 1889 to 1894. Mr. Siebold began business for himself in gardening and floriculture on East Orange street, where his growing trade soon took on such dimen- sions that he was presently compelled to seek other quarters. Lie then found another location on East Chestnut, where it terminates in the Groffstown road. There he leased three acres, erected two large hothouses, and, making many other improvements, soon won the reputation of being the most pro- gressive and foremost gardener of the city. Assist- ed by his wife, whose industry, intelligence and courtesy have contributed much to the business, he has built up a trade of great proportions, and com- mands a patronage from the very best people of the city. The Siebolds are successful growers of fine flowers and vegetables of every kind, and for years past their celery has been the standard of the market. They have celery on sale as late as May ist, an achievement accomplished by no other gardener. Their celery sales are enormous, as they also have the choice of the product of Mrs. Siebold's uncle in Tioga county, who grows over 400 acres each year, and of a cousin in Chester county, who has 200 acres of this and other choice products, operating at the same time over seventy hothouses. During the winter of 1901 Mr. Siebold grew celery under glass, as well as tomatoes and other vegetables, making a great hit on the early spring market. Mr. Siebold has telephone connections, has stands in all the leading markets of the city, and no man, there or elsewhere, is more industrious and hardworking. In the fall of 1902 Mr. Siebold threw two hot- houses into one, increased the length, and created one of the finest up-to-date hothouses in the interior of the State, this being in perfect keeping with the liberal and progressive work of Mr. and Mrs. Sie- bold in their chosen business — a business which they have reduced to a fine art, as can be attested by the hosts of people in this community who enjoy the products of their skilled labor. During the sum- mer of 1900 they cultivated a dozen of the choicest and most beautiful flower beds in Woodward Hill cemetery ever seen in Lancaster. Mr. Siebold was married, in 1885, to Miss Anna Theresa Mueller, a daughter of Charles Mueller, who passed away in his native Germany. Mr. Mueller lived for years in Carola, Mo., where his daughter, Anna Theresa, finished her education, which had been begun in Germany. She attended the Poplar Bluff high school, and secured an ex- cellent education, to which her conversation and writing bear testimony. Her father returned to Germany because he could not sell his property there without a great sacrifice, and in November, 1 90 1, entered into rest. Mr. and Mrs. Julius P. Siebold are members of the Lutheran Church of the Advent, Mrs. Siebold being actively associated with the Ladies' Sewing Circle, and being a teacher in the main Sunday- school, while Mr. Siebold is a member of the church council and also treasurer. The father of Julius P. Siebold was a master mechanic, and had lais own works at Mansfeld, when only twenty-one years old, employitjg twenty skilled workmen. He was later employed in Berlin, and worked for a time in the service of the Russian Gov- ernment at Odessa, where he received a special gift 816 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY of 500 roubles and a diploma from Czar Alexander for his magnificent work in superintending the erec- tion of docks, etc. His father, Carl Siebold, was a soldier under Napoleon the Great, and took part in the disastrous retreat from Moscow. GEORGE KURTZ, a retired farmer of Provi- dence township, is one of the most highly respected German-American citizens of his locality. He was born in Wittenberg, Germany, April 23, 1824, son of John M. Kurtz, now deceased. John M. Kurtz, the father, was also born in Wit- tenberg, and spent his whole life in Germany. He was the father of six children, these being : Rosena, Dora, Andrew, Barbara, Margaret and George, the latter being the only survivor of the family and the only one who ever came to America. George Kurtz has had some unusual occurrences in his career since settling in America. Pie landed in New York on Nov. 4, 1854, and went directly to Philadelphia, thence to Lancaster. However, he soon went to one of tlie southern States and was re- siding in the South at the outbreak of the Civil war. This resulted in his conscription into the Confed- erate army, and he was fqrced to participate in some of the hardest fought battles of the war. Finally he escaped to the North, but it was with the loss of his five years' earnings. After remaining a time in Philadelphia, he went to Lancaster county, where, in 1867, he bought his farm of fifty-six acres of land in Providence township, and by great industry and frugality has accomplished much. Mr. Kurtz has been a hard-working man for many years, and has earned the comfort which he is now alDle to enjoy. On March 24, 1864, Mr. Kurtz was married in Lancaster county to Miss Amelia E. Vollrath, born in 1833, in Germany, and a family of five children has been born to this union, as follows : Edward, who follows the carpenter trade in Philadelphia; Miss Mary, of Atlantic City, N. J.; Emma M., a resident of Lancaster; Bertha, who also resides in Lancaster ; and Charles, who operates the home farm since his father has given up active labor, the farm being well-improved and productive. Both Mr. and Mrs. Kurtz are valued members of the M. E. Church. In politics Mr. Kurtz is a Republican. The whole family enjoys the respect of the community, while Mr. Kurtz is noted for his honesty, his truthfulness and his many acts of kind- ness and charity. WILLIAM B. THOME, M. D., the leading physician in Milton Grove, Mt. Joy township,_ and one of the most highly respected and useful citizens of that section, was born Feb. 18, 1854, in Lebanon county. Pa., near Lawn, a son of Dr. Joseph S. and Sarah (Brown) Thome. Dr. Joseph S. Thome was a native of Lancaster county, born in Manheim, and died in Mastersonville Jan. 8, 1890, aged sixty-nine years. In his younger days he assisted his father in surveying and as a scrivener, later becoming a physician and making his home in Lawn, Lebanon county, for a period of forty years, returning to Lancaster county six years prior to his death. He was laid away in Milton Grove cemetery. Both he and wife were long members of the Lutheran Church. She was born in Lebanon county in 1824, and now resides with her son Will- iam B. They were the parents of four children, namely : John, who is an iron worker in Lebanon ; Margaret, who died young; William B. ; and May, who died at the age of two years. William B. Thome was afforded excellent edu- cational opportunities by a farsighted and intelligent father. He made his home with his parents until 1876, when he graduated from the University of Pennsylvania. After his marriage he settled for practice in Mastersonville, this county, remaining there for ten years, at the end of which period he came to Milton Grove, where he has remained ever since, becoming a leading citizen. Dr. Thome is widely known, and his practice is not confined to his immediate locality, his skill being in requisition over a wide extent of territory. In politics, like his father. Dr. Thome is a Democrat, but he has . no political aspirations, and did not even seek the office of school director, to which he was elected. He belongs to the Lutheran Church, although his duties interfere with a very regular attendance. On June 13, 1876, in Lancaster, Dr. Thome was' married to Miss Louisa G. Missimer, and to this union were born two sons, Winfield M. and Arthur J., both of whom are attending Baltimore Medical College. Winfield M. was married, in 1902, to Miss Gertrude G. Engle, daughter of Simon H. and Mary (Graybill) Engle, of Conoy township, Lancaster county. Mrs. Thome was born in Rapho township, daughter of Jacob and Martha (Gantz) Missimer, of Lancaster county. Mr. Missimer was a miller by trade, and operated what was known as the Heistand mill, on the Chiques creek, for many years, following the example of his father. Esquire Jacob Missimer, who built the mill and operated it a very considerable time. Jacob Lfissimer was a prominent man, and served his district as school director for a long period. He died at the age of seventy years, in 1888, his widow dying in 1892, at the same age. They were buried in the Cross Roads River Brethren Church cemetery, in East Donegal township, although they were members of the Lutheran Church. Their chil- dren were: Susan G. married Rev. David Wolge- muth, a River Brethren minister ; Martha G. married David Brandt, a farmer of Mt. Joy township ; Sarah G. married Henry B. Martin, a farmer of East Done- gal township ; Catherine G. is the widow of Henry N. Snyder, of Mt. Joy township ; Anna G. married Samuel G. Witmer, a farmer and trucker of Rapho township ; Mary G. married Edward B. Boyd, a mer- chant of Manheim; I-ouisa G. is the wife of Dr. Thome ; Elizabeth G. married Jacob Gruber, a farmer of Rapho township ; and Harriet G. is the widow of Jacob Engle, of East Hempfield township. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 817 ABRAHAM H. HERR, one of the representa- tive men of Lancaster county, was born on the farm he owns and occupies, Oct. 5, 1855, a son of Chris- tian and Susanna (Hess) Herr. Reared on the home farm, and educated in the pubhc schools, he remained at home with his parents, taking charge of the farm about two years before his father's death. The parents lived with him until their death, his fa- ther dying in 1883, and his mother in October, 1900. Mr. Herr gives his attention to farming and dairying, keeping some eighteen head of cattle, and for seven years ran a milk route in Lancaster. At the present time he does no retail business. His farm which consists of 112 acres, is classed among the better places of the county. It has been con- siderably improved since it came into the possession of Mr. Herr, and is thoroughly cultivated. Mr. Herr is a public-spirited citizen, and is deeply interested in all propositions that affect the public good. He has never sought nor accepted public station, though frequently asked by his friends to take certain town offices. His home is under the charge of his sister Elizabeth, who with him is deeply interested in Sun- day-school work. All the members of this numerous and widely scattered family are among the most orderly and industrious in the community, where their good character, integrity and honor have made them many friends. CHRISTIAN HERR (deceased), in his life time one of the more prominent citizens of Lancaster county, was born March 25, 1807, a son of Joseph and Mariah (Frower) Herr, both of Pequea town- ship. Christian Herr was born in Pequea township, where he was reared to farm life. He was married Nov. 30, 1839, to Susanna Hess, and located on the farm near Hollinger, where his son, Abraham, is now found. There he devoted his life to farming, and there died June 29, 1883. In his earlier man- hood he was engaged in the milling business at what is now known as the Pugh Mills, being associated with his brother, Abraham. At one time he took much interest in the culture of silk worms, erecting a building for that purpose, and growing his own silk, but did not keep at it long, as the conditions were unfavorable to its success. The later years of his life were entirely devoted to farming, and he was well and favorably known throughout the county. Mrs. Susanna (Hess) Herr was a daughter of Jacob Hess, of Pequea township, born April 27, 1815 ; she died Oct. 26, 1900. By her marriage with Mr. Herr she became the mother of seven children : Jacob H., of Willowstreet, born Aug. 26, 1840; Joseph, a resident of West Lampeter township, born. Jan. 6, 1842; Maria, born Feb. 23, 1844, died in childhood; Christian H., born 1846, died Feb. 21, 1898, in Manor township, where he had followed farming, and at one time had been a school teacher ; Barbara, born Oct. 28, 1850, now the wife of Jacob Lindeman, of West Lampeter township; Elizabeth, born Sept. 13, 1853, now housekeeper for her brother 52 Abraham; and Abraham H., born Oct. 5, 1855, re- siding on the old homestead. Christian Herr, the father of this family, was a Dunkard, but his wife belonged to the old Mennonite Church. Jacob Here, the oldest member of the above family, was born and reared on the old homestead and educated in the public schools, and in the high school in Cumberland county. Remaining at home until 1880, he then located at Willowstreet, operat- ing a small tract of five acres, giving the most of his attention to the Lancaster and Willowstreet Turn- pike Co., of which he has been superintendent and treasurer. The office of secretary is also filled by him. He married, Jan. 13, 1880, Mrs. Catherine, widow of Martin Kreider and daughter of Christian and Elizabeth (Forrer) Mylin, born in Pequea township, July 8, 1835. They have one of the most pleasant homes found at Willowstreet. In religious belief they belong to the Mennonite Church, and they are highly respected for their many good qualities. HENRY H. AMENT, who has followed carpet weaving and carpentering in Columbia for a number of years, was born March 19, 183S, in Manor town- ship, this county. The Ament family is one of the oldest and most respected in Lancaster county, where our subject's grandparents settled on their emigration from Germany, their native country. George Ament, the father of Henry H., was born Sept. 16, 1792. He did a prosperous teaming busi- ness in the early days, carrying goods between Phil- adelphia and Pittsburg, when railway connections between those, two places was yet a dream of the future. He was a man of many resources. By trade a carpet weaver, in his later life he became a farmer, and at the same time carried on business as a butcher. He died May 3, 1873, aged eighty years, seven months and eighteen days. He mar- ried Catherine Herr, daughter of Christian Herr, of Lancaster county, and they became the parents of nine children, namely: Christian; Catherine, who married Martin Manning, of Highville, this county; Benjamin, born Jan. 29, 1829, who died Sept. 22, 1870, aged forty-one years, seven months and twenty-four days, the father of nine children ; Eliza, who married Christ Kaufman, of Highville; Elias and Mary Ann, both deceased ; Henry H. ; and Abraham and Fanny, twins, the former a resident of Highville, the latter the wife of Jacob Kaufman, the brother of Christ, of Lancaster. The parents were members of the Lutheran Church. Mrs. Ament passed away in 1885, aged seventy-four years. Henry H. Ament was reared to farming pur- suits, which he followed up to the age of nineteen years, meantime receiving a practical education in the common schools. He then learned the carpen- ter's trade, and he has also acquired a thorough knowledge of carpet weaving. Since 1888 he has been engaged at both trades, and he has prospered 818 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY well — industry and honest work bringing their own and just rewards. He resided at Highville until June, 1899, when he removed to Columbia, where he has since had his home. As a worthy member of one of the old respected families of the county, Mr. Ament is held in high esteem, and he is fully de- serving of the substantial place he holds in the re- gard of his fellow men. In November, 1856, Mr. Ament was married, in Lancaster, Pa., to Miss Catherine Schoff, a na- tive of Manor township, and daughter of David and Susanna (Benedict) Schoff, of Lancaster county. Mrs. Ament died Aug. i, 1896, aged sixty-one years. Of the children born to this union, Amos is a resi- dent of Columbia, this county ; Elizabeth is the wife of Henry Mellinger, of Columbia ; Jonas and Frank- lin are deceased; Elias is a carpenter in Highville; David is deceased ; and Mary married Elmer Eshle- man, of Columbia. In religious connection Mr. Ament is a member of the Evangelical Church. He is independent in politics. ADOLPH EFINGER, proprietor of the "Seventh Ward Hotel," is one of the popular and successful German-Americans of whom the citizens of Lancaster are justly proud. He was born in Wurlemberg, Germany, the home of his ancestors, Dec. 30, 1853, a son of Bernard and Caroline (Crim) Efinger. Bernard Efinger was a man of more than ordin- ary attainments, and although he never wandered from his native land, he contributed not a little to the steady advancement of the locality in which he lived. In early life he took to surveying as a de- sirable means of livelihood, and so successful did he become, that he was given a public position as surveyor, the arduous duties of which he creditably maintained for more than half a century. He was interested in politics also, and his popularity and general fitness may be best estimated from the fact that he was burgomaster or mayor of Aixheim, Wurtemberg, for about thirty years. His death oc- curred in 1897, at the age of seventy-four ; his wife died in 1881, at the age of fifty-four. They were members of the Catholic Church, and had the fol- lowing children besides Adolph: Remius, who came to America in i860, is a tinsmith in Philadelphia; Catherine, who died in Germany, married Francis Gruler ; Otto is a farmer in Germany ; Mary is liv- ing in G,ermany ; and Anna is also a resident of Ger- many. More ambitious than his sire, Adolph Efinger sought to enlarge his sphere of action by removal to the United States in 1871, his objective point be- ing Lancaster, Pa., where resided an uncle, Jacob Efinger. Under this uncle he served an apprentice- ship as a cabinet-maker for three years, following which he engaged as journeyman in his trade for six years. For twelve years he was employed in a planing mill, and in 1889 started in the hotel busi- ness, of which he has made a success. He has en- tered actively into general town afifairs, and as a stanch Republican has been a member of the city council since 1898. Fraternally he is associated with the Masons and Odd Fellows, but is not a member of any church, although his family attend the Ger- man Lutheran Church. His wife was formerly Mary J. Dinkelberg, a native of Lancaster, and who has borne him two children. Bertha K. and Philip C. Mr. Efinger is well adapted to the occupation in which he is engaged, his tact, geniality, and all around good fellowship, contributing in no small measure to his success as host to the traveling public. He is exceedingly well posted, has a thorough knowl- edge of human nature, and by virtue of his appli- cation and integrity has acquired a substantial place among the moneyed men of Lancaster. REV. WILLIAM FRANCIS SHERO, A. M., rector of St. John's Free Episcopal Church, in Lan- caster, is a gentleman of far more than ordinary literary genius, and is doing splendid work in the parish to which he has ministered since September, 1898, having officiated there for one year while fill- ing the office of headmaster of Yeates' Institute. In the rectorship he is the successor of the late lamented Rev. J. E. Pratt. Mr. Shero's paternal ancestors were French Huguenots, who left France at the time of the Revo- cation of the Edict of Nantes, going first to Ger- many, and from that country to America. His grandfather came to America, bringing with him an infant son, Lewis, who became the father of the Lan- caster clergyman. Lewis Shero married Clarissa Francis, daughter of Egbert Francis, who was lead- ing a retired life at Fredonia, N. Y. Of this union there were born seven children, all of whom are living. Rev. William Francis Shero, A. M., was born near Fredonia, N. Y., in 1863, and was educated in the normal school in his native town, and in the University of Rochester, from which he was grad- uated in 1887. He then attended the Theological Seminary in New York City, from which he was to be graduated in 1890, but left in 1888 to engage in teaching. For four years he worked in the school roorn, in the meantime continuing his theological studies, while he was principal of the schools at Smethport, Pa. During this time he took a post- graduate course in the University of Rochester, writmg a thesis on "The Dis-establishment of the English Church," and in the study of political econ- omy was awarded the first prize— a sum of $300 m money. Mr. Shero was ordained deacon Dec. 22, 18S9, and priest, Feb. 22, 1891. His first call was to Angelica, N. Y., where he served one year and a half, and for four years was chaplain of DeVeaux College at Niagara Falls. At the end of that period he came to Lancaster to take the position of head master of Yeates' Institute, a position he filled with credit for two years, and then, as noted above be- coming rector of St. John's Free Episcopal Church BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 819 The degree of Master of Arts was bestowed upon him by Hobart College, Geneva, N. Y., in 1890. Mr. Shero was married June 12, 1891, to Miss Lucy S. Rogers, a daughter of Col. Lucius Rogers, a veteran of the war of the Rebellion, and now serv- ing as postmaster at Kane, Pa. In 1869 the Colonel was elected prothonotary 'of McKean county, and three years later he was elected a member of the General Assembly. For eleven years he was journal and reading clerk of the State Senate, and was elected county treasurer in 1889. Col. Rogers is a veteran journalist of much reputation, and by the dignity and candor of his work has made a name for himself that will long endure in McKean county. Col. Rogers has two other children beside Mrs, Shero, Fantine Livia, the wife of Dr. W. P. Bundick, of Mt. Jewett, Pa. ; and H. Smull, a lawyer at Mt. Jewett, who bears the name of Mr. Smull, of "Legislative Hand- book" fame. Mrs. Shero has Bishop Kidder, of Bath and Wells, England, among her more dis- tinguished maternal ancestors, among whom is also found Noah Webster. From the union of Mr. Shero with Miss Rogers, were born two children, Lucius Rogers, and Livia Francis. Mr. Shero has met with much success as rector of St. John's Parish, and his people are devotedly attached to him. Of a deeply spiritual nature, his fine social qualities render his work doubly effective, and with a fine pulpit presence and power he has all the elements which enter into the success of a priest. His record in Lancaster is a story of honest and hon- orable labor, of deep devotion, and of faithful eflfort for the improvement of his people. SIMON PETER WAYNE, an old and well- known engineer on the Pennsylvania railroad, with his residence in Columbia, Lancaster county, was born in Colebrook, Lebanon Co., Pa., on the old Robert Coleman estate. May 15, 1847, a son of David C. and Sarah (Knipe) Wayne, natives, respectively of Hanover, York county, and Schaefferstown, Lebanon county, in which latter place they were married. David C. Wayne was a miller by trade, at which calling he worked from the age of fifteen to 1878, when advanced years precluded further work in the mills, and he then engaged in the patent medicine business until ten years prior to his death, when he retired. To the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. David C. Wayne were born the following named children: William H., who died from the effects of an injury received on the old State railroad ; Mary A., widow of John Eyman, who was master painter at Pitts- burg for the Pennsylvania Railroad Co. ; Catherine, deceased wife of Samuel Clair ; Sarah, widow of Isaac Hogentogler, of Columbia; John, who was wounded at the battle of Malvern Hill, June 30, 1861, while serving in Co. I, 23d P. V. I., died in hospital at Washington, D. C, in October, 1861 ; David A., a locomotive engineer, was killed in a rail- road wreck; Simon Peter was the next in order of birth: Elizabeth married James Devine, a railroad engineer at Elizabethtown, Pa. ; Emma is the wife of Milton Monahan, a railroad conductor at Phila- delphia ; Rebecca, of the same city, is the widow of Jacob Michael, who was -a locomotive engineer'; and Lydia married Amos Lewis, a railroad engineer at Shippensburg, Pa. Mrs. Sarah (Knipe) Wayne was very active and earnest in her work for the United Brethren Church, and in 1856-1858 col- lected the money with which was built the first church edifice of that denomination in Columbia, the first sermon .having been preached in German in the dwelling of David C. Wayne, by the Rev. Christian Kaufman, to the embryo congregation of that faith. David C. Wayne was born Oct. i, 1809, and died Jan. I, 1888, and his wife was born Sept. 18, 1814, and died April 28, 1882, the family having come to Columbia about 1849. Simon Peter Wayne, at the early age of eight years, was sent out by his parents to earn in part his own livelihood, and among the farmers of the neighborhood he found employment until fifteen years of age. He was then apprenticed to John Q. Denney, to learn the molder's trade, and was to re- ceive fifty cents per day the first year; seventy-five cents per day the second year; and one dollar per da)' for the three following years. He was in the shop, however, but little over a year when the war of the Rebellion broke out, and all the molders in the factory, save one, went to the front. Young Wayne was then tested by his employers, and found to be capable of casting a molding, and his wages were fixed at $2 per day, until the expiration of his apprenticeship. He next worked as a journeyman for Malby, Case & Co., and other foundrymen until January, 1874, when he was given a place, on the T5th of INIay, as fireman for the Pennsylvania Rail- road Co., and six years later, Aug. 20, 1880, he was promoted to engineer, a position he still occupies. In 1891 he was transferred to Philadelphia, as pas- senger engineer, but in November, 1893, was re- turned to Columbia as freight and extra passenger engineer. Mr. Wayne was united in marriage, March 13, 1867, in Lancaster, with Miss Kate Mayer, and to this union was born one child, William M., who died at the age of three years and twenty days. Mrs. Kate (Mayer) Wayne was born in Bern- ville, Berks Co., Pa., March 13, 1848, a daughter of Gotlieb and Mary (Boyer) Mayer, natives- of Ger- many and Berks county. Pa., respectively. Gotlieb Mayer came to America in boyhood, and learned the miller's trade under David C. Wayne, father of Simon Peter. To his marriage to Mary Boyer were born seven children, namely: Kate, now Mrs. Wayne; Anna, wife of Orrick Richards, paper- hnneer in Columbia; Clara, widow of John Hinkle; Elizabeth, wife of H. P. Young, retired, in Middle- town, Pa. ; Ella, in Columbia ; John, in Marietta ; and Emma, who died young. Mr. Mayer died in Columbia at an advanced age in the faith of the 820 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Lutheran Church, and his widow, who was born May 21, 1824, is also a Lutheran and still resides in Columbia. Mr. Wayne is one of the kindest and most charit- able of men. He has had educated in music several children not members of his family, and has reared three as his own. At present he has living with him a niece, Miss Bessie E. Young, whom he has reared from the age of two to seventeen years, although her father is quite wealthy, and is a resident of Middle- town. Mr. Wayne is a member of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, in which he. holds three offices, those of corresponding secretary, chairman of the board of legislation, and chairman of the com- mittee of adjustments. He is also, a member of the general board of the Pennsylvania system. Mr. Wayne is a past grand in the I. O. O. F., a Knight of Malta, and past chancellor, K. P. He also be- longs to the Columbia Fire Department. In politics he is a Republican, and has served in the borough council two consecutive terms as president, an honor never before conferred upon a president of the Co- lumbia council. By appointment he also filled out an unexpired term of six months as chief burgess of Columbia. From a business point of view Mr. Wayne is a self-made man, as he has through his integrity and industry, been given by the Pennsyl- vania Railroad Co., lucrative employment which has enabled him to acquire a competency for the years when old age will make his being able to sit under his own vine and fig tree, without a thought of the morrow, a blessing indeed. For the kindness and favors shown him by the company he has a feeling of gratitude, which grows deeper and stronger as the years go by. His elegant home on Chestnut street is an evidence of what a man may acquire by living an industrious and frugal life, and should be an incentive to the coming generations of railroad men to do likewise, and, like Mr. Wayne, to be hon- ored and respected by all. WILLIAM D. SNYDER has long been well and favorably known among business men in Co- lumbia, where he has risen to special prominence in his important position of manager for the Keeley Stove Company. Mr. Snyder was born Feb. 13, 1843, in Chillis- quaque, Northumberland county, this State, son of John Frederick and Mary (Dehart) Snyder, also natives of the Keystone State. The paternal grand- father of our subject, John B. Snyder, was born in Montgomery county, where he spent the greater part of his life, following the trade of shoemaker. He was a Democrat in politics, and understood well the political issues of his day, taking an active part in the local affairs of his town. For three years he was a member of the town council, for eight years served as overseer of the poor at Milton, and in numerous other positions aided in the upbuilding of his community. He was a true Christian gentle- man, greatly interested in the progress of the Re- formed Church, of which he was a member. He participated in the Black Hawk war, serving as captain of a company that was sent to the front. John B. Snyder married Sarah Elizabeth Rumer, a native of Northampton county, this State, and they had three sons and one daughter, of whom J. Fred- erick, our subject's father! was the eldest. The oth- ers were Peter ; Albert, who was killed during the Civil war; and Sarah. The grandfather died in 1875- J. Frederick Snyder was born in Montgomery county, where he made his home until his marriage, and he was given a good education in the public schools. On reaching mature years he began clerk- ing in a store, and continued to act as salesman from 1842 to i860, after which he followed boating on the Pennsylvania Canal, which occupation he abandoned in order to accept work offered him in a sawmill, for which he received better pay. He passed away while residing in Milton, in 1887, when in the sixty-fifth year of his age, a devout mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church. J. Fred- erick Snyder was twice married, and by the first union were born five children, of whom William D. was the eldest; Sarah, the next in order of birth, is deceased ; Mary is the wife of Jeremiah Dates- man, and resides in Columbia ; and the two remain- ing members of the family, twins, are deceased. The wife and mother passed to the land beyond in 1850, at the age of thirty-one. William D. Snyder received his early education in the common schools of Milton, after which he took a course in the high school, and he subsequent- ly received instruction from Rev. A. G. Dole, pastor of the Reformed Church of Milton, studying Eng- lish grammar, rhetoric and geometry. At the age of eighteen he engaged in boating, continuing thus until he apprenticed himself to learn the trade of a tin smith. Mastering the business in three years, he followed it with fair success until 1872, when he formed a partnership with Mr. Overpeck, the firm name being Overpeck & Snyder. They carried on a thriving trade in tinsmithing and sheet iron work, until the death of the senior partner in 1876, when the style was changed to W. D. Snyder & Co., and continued as such for the following three years. At the end of that time our subject disposed of his interest in the business, remaining with the new firm, however, until 1881, when he went to Middle- town, becoming superintendent of Raymond & Campbell's mounting establishment in that place. After remaining there a short time, however, he lo- cated in Columbia in the employ of the Keeley Stove Co. On Thanksgiving day, 1891, Mr. Snyder was elected to the position of manager of the concern by the board of directors, and has remained in that capacity ever since, to the satisfaction of all con- cerned. He is a thorough business man, and what- ever he undertakes is bound to succeed. The firm are doing a paying business, transacting over $200,000 worth of business each year, and give em- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 821 ployment in all departments to about one hundred and forty men. The factory is a large structure, five stories in height, including cellar, located on Maple and Second streets. They have also a sales- room at No. 21 South Charles street, Baltimore. In his political views Mr. Snyder is a Prohibi- tionist, and believes that the time will soon come when that party will elect a president. He has been very active in church work since early man- hood, and has served twelve years as superintendent of the Sunday-school and eight years as deacon. In social affairs he is a prominent Odd Fellow, be- longing to Mutual Lodge No. 84, at Milton; and he is also a member of Milton Lodge No. 256, F. &A. M. Mr. Snyder married, in February, 1865, Miss Sarah E., daughter of Peter Smith, of Milton, and to them was born one daughter, Mary, now the wife of Edgar Fager, of Columbia. Mrs. Snyder died in 1867, and our subject subsequently married Miss Nancy C, daughter of James McClosky, of Clinton county, this State. To them have been born four children : Zella, deceased ; .William Lloyd ; Jennie B. ; and one that died in infancy. WILLIAM B. SCHNEITMAN, a well-known implement dealer of Elizabethtown, was born in West Donegal township April 3, 1854, son of Mat- thias F. and Regina (Brantley) Schneitman. The parents were natives of Wurtemberg, Germany, where they remained after their marriage until 1844, when they came to America, locating in Eliza- bethtown. They remained in the borough a year, and then settled on a farm a mile from the town, v/here they lived and died, Mr. Schneitman passmg away in 1876, at the age of seventy-two years, and his widow in 1884, at the age of seventy. Both were members of the Lutheran Church. They were the parents of the following family : Charles, who is deceased ; Gotlieb, who lives in Lebanon county ; Christianna, wife of Samuel Sherrer; Kate, wife of John Mashey, a farmer of Dauphin county ; Henry, a furniture dealer in Casey, Iowa; Mary, wife of Israel Engle, of Lancaster county; William B. ; and Louisa, who died young. William B. Schneitman was married in Novem- ber, 1881, in Elizabethtown, to Mary Rutt, and to this union was born one child, Harry R. Mrs. Mary (Rutt) Schneitman was born in West Done- gal township April 3, 1856, daughter of Christian S. and Susan (AlHson) Rutt, natives of West Don- egal and Rapho townships, respectively. Her father farmed all his life on the farm where he was born. He died Feb. 21, 1882, at the age of seventy-eight years, ten months, and his remains are resting in the Rutt cemetery, on the old homestead, which has been in the family for more than 200 years. Chris- tian S. Rutt and Susan Allison were married in Lancaster in 185 1, and to their union were born the following cliildren : Peter, who is deceased ; Mary, Mrs. Schneitman ; and Simon, who is engaged in the cultivation of the old farm in West Donegal. Mrs. Susan (Allison) Rutt was born in Newtown, Rapho township, April 6, 1826, and is now making her home with Mrs. Schneitman. Her parents, Abraham and Suskn (Kaufifman) Allison, were na- tives of Ireland and Lancaster county, respectively, and both died at the home of their daughter, Mrs. Susan Rutt, being interred in the old Rutt cemetery. They were members of the River Brethren Church. The father was a mason by trade. Mr. and Mrs. Allison were the parents of the following children : Barbara, widow of John Cassel; John, who died in Kansas; Abraham, a farmer in Kansas; Benjamin, Fanny and Anna, all deceased ; and Susan. William B. Schneitman remained with his par- ents on the home farm until he was twelve years of age when he was bound out, working for his board during the winter, and receiving six dollars a month during the summer season. He made good use of the winter schools, and when he was twenty years old began teaching, in which capacity he was en- gaged for two years. For the next eight years he followed tobacco farming, and then took up the business in which he is now engaged. He moved to Elizabethtown in 1884, but also continued to carry on tobacco farming in West Donegal town- ship. While in that township he was clerk two terms, and in 1894 he was elected school director in Elizabethtown and re-elected in 1897. He and his wife are both members of the German Reformed Church, and in politics he is a Democrat. They are intelligent people, and enjoy an enviable stand- ing in the community. JACOB D. KOHR, who lives one mile north- west of Lancaster, belongs to one of the old families of the county, and well sustains the honor of the fam- ily name. His father, Rev. Bishop John Kohr, now deceased, was a noted man in the church ; he is men- tioned elsewhere. Jacob D. Kohr was born April 14, 1845, on the place adjoining the one where he now makes his home. His education was gained in the public school, and when he was twenty-five years of age he began business for himself on a sixty-five acre farm belonging to his grandfather, in Manheim township, where he remained one year. His next location was in East Lampeter township, where he operated two rented farms of sixty-five acres each, remaining there only one year, however, when he moved to Lancaster to become the. first steward of Harbach Hall, Franklin and Marshall College. At the end of a year he resigned this position, in which he had given good satisfaction, as he was needed at home to take charge of the farm. With his brother he carried on the family homestead for three years, and then established himself on the old David O. Shirk farm. The following year he located on a farm which his father had bought for him, consisting of sixty-seven acres, a portion of which he sold to the railroad company, and then operated the remainder 822 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY from 1876 to i8q6. In the latter year he bought the home property, where this writing finds him re- tired from active farming. This property comprises three acres, and the place has been thoroughly re- modeled to meet his ideas of what a neat and attrac- tive home should be. Though not now engaged in active farming, Mr. Kohr is still in active business, putting up for the market Saratoga chips, fruit but- ters, catsups, and a similar line of toothsome dainties. Mr. Kohr was married Dec. 24, 1868, to Miss Mary F., a daughter of Benjamin and Lydia Lan- dis. She was born in Franklin county. Pa., near Waynesboro, Sept. i, 1848. To Mr. and Mrs. Kohr have come the following children: (i) Frank L., born Jan. 3, 1870, married Miss Barbara Harnish, by whom he has had one child, Elizabeth, and is a florist. (2) Annie L., born Oct. 21, 1871, is the wife of Jacob L. Kreider, a grocer at the corner of Chestnut and Nevin streets, Lancaster, and is the mother of three children, Esther, Jesse and Mary. (3) Alice, born May i, 1875, is the wife of Elmer J. Weaver, the florist, of East Lamp- eter township, and is the mother of one child, Lloyd. (4) Howard L., born Aug. 5, 1877, is a machinist employed at the Westinghouse airbrake works, in Pittsburg. (5) Esther, born Sept. 7, 1883, is at home. (6) Lydia was born July 8, 1885. (7) John was born Feb. 8, 1890. Mrs. Kohr is a mem- ber of tlie Reformed Mennonite Church and the family are among the Christian and highly intelli- gent people of this section of the county. Frank L. Kohr, the eldest son, obtained his edu- cation in the public schools and in the State Normal, where he attended two years. In 1875 he estab- lished his greenhouse on the site where he has since built up a prosperous business, having removed his plant from the farm, where he was reared, and where he began the business in 1890. Beginning with 3,000 feet of glass, he now has 7,000. He makes a specialty of carnations, and also of bedding plants, such as geraniums, begonias and petunias. His product goes to Philadelphia and Reading. In 1892 he began trucking, and conducts a truck farm of five acres in connection with his floral business. He has some 300 peach trees, and watches the Lan- caster markets very closely. In 1892 he bought his home, situated about a mile northwest of Lancaster city. Mr. Kohr belongs to the Society of American Florists, and is a member of the Page Society. ABRAHAM HIRSH. The Hirsh Brothers may be justly placed in the front rank of the busi- ness men of Lancaster by reason of their pronounced ability in trade, their intelligent observation of com- mercial and mercantile matters, their wise discern- ment of the wants of the people, and their readiness to cater to the wants of the people as well as their uniformly satisfactory dealing with their patrons. These have been prominent factors in their success in building up a trade in the city second to none, and in acquiring fortunes that have placed them among the heaviest taxpayers of Lancaster. They have been the architects of their own fortunes, earning what they owned, and in the afternoon of life are surrounded by happy families, in the full enjoyment of all the good things that wealth affords. Like many other successful business men of Lancaster, the Hirsh brothers were not to "the man- ner born," but first saw the light in Hessen-Darm- stadt, Germany, only a few miles from the famous city of Worms. Their parents, Meyer and Dora Hirsh, frugal and industrious villagers, reared their boys until they had attained manhood, when they were sent forth at their own request to the New World, with but small capital, to carve out their own fortunes. Leopold Hirsh, the first of the brothers to come to America, arrived in New York in 1851, and there purchased a small stock of notions. He made his way to Reading, Pa., where he was joined the fol- lowing year by his eldest brother, Abraham. The brothers united their little sayings and worked hand in hand as peddlers of fancy notions, and within a year had made sufficient advance to be able in 1853 to open a store at Danville, Pa., where at the time was building the Catawassa railroad, and the Montrose Iron Works were in full blast. The young merchants rented a store and, vigorously pushing the jewelry and notion business, made money rapidly. Before they had been in business twelve months they rented another building, on the opposite side of the town, and fitted it up as a clothing store. Abraham Hirsh went to Sunbury, where he rented a room and began the watch and jewelry trade, having an old and experienced watch- maker from Germany as his assistant. He did a fair business. As times changed at Danville the brothers sought another location, selling the two stores in that place, and the Sunbury establishment passing into the hands of the German assistant. In 1854 the Hirsh brothers made their advent in Lan- caster. They opened a small store on North Queen street, near Center Square, and there was the mod- est beginning of the extensive millinery and notion store of A. Hirsh. The place extended but half way through to Market I'lace, and one-half the front was occupied by another dealer. In this contracted space they began business, and soon afterward ob- tained the adjoining storeroom, which they fitted up as a clothing store. Their business rapidly in- creased to large proportions, and in 1857 they were able to purchase the Griel property, which they had rented. In 1861 they bought from John Farnum the property on the northwest corner of Center Square and North Queen street, extending it through to Market Place. In November of the same year they sold to Jacob Bowers the rear portion of this property for $8,000. In 1884 they bought the property back for $20,000, their expanding business demanding more room. The building was entirely remodeled to meet the wants of their trade. All BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 823 the partitions were taken out and each floor thrown into one room, the principal salesroom extending from North Queen street to Market Place, new fronts were put in, and the entire building was ad- mirably heated and ventilated. From the ground up it is stocked with an immense amount of cloth- ing, uncut cloth and men's furnishing goods. Be- fore these improvements were made to the corner building equally extensive improvements were made on the Griel property. It had been extended through to Market Place, and the entire ground floor thrown into one large salesroom for the mil- linery, jewelry and fancy goods trade, the upstairs rooms being stocked with an extensive assortment of miscellaneous merchandise. The original firm of Hirsh Brothers, consisting of Abraham, Her- man and Leopold Hirsh, was dissolved in 1874, Abraham Hirsh taking the millinery department, and Herman and Leopold taking up the clothing de- partment, under the name of Hirsh Brothers. Le- opold Hirsh died Dec. i, 1901, at his home in Phila- delphia. Abraham Hirsh continued in the millinery bus- iness until 1899, and i" IQOO disposed of the jew- elry business, retiring at that time from active life. His was the guiding hand for this extensive busi- ness in its earlier days, and he was known as a shrewd and keen business man, his success well at- testing his reputation in that respect. Personally he is an affalile and courteous gentleman, and he has been one of the most enterprising men of Lancaster since the day of his arrival. He has always been a generous contributor to all the deserving charities of the city, without regard to age, creed or condi- tion. Mr. Hirsh has owned and controlled a large amount of real estate in Lancaster, both alone and in company with his brothers, and he is still the pro- prietor of a fine farm, as well as of valuable real estate in the city. He also has good property in the West, and was ever alert for a good business in- vestment. In 1867, in company with his brothers, he established a manufacturing business in Phila- delphia, putting on the market a very desirable um- brella, and this business was successfully conducted by them for more than ten years. Abraham Hirsh was one of the promoters and founders of the street railroads of Lancaster, as well as of the Quarry- ville railroad. He was largely interested in the successful establishment of the Lancaster Inquirer. Mr. Plirsh belongs to the F. & A. M., holding membership in Kensington Lodge, No. 21, and he is one of the oldest members of the Jewish Syna- gogue in the city of Lancaster, having been its pres- ident for the last sixteen years. He was formerly a Democrat in politics, but now supports the Repub- lican party. Llowever, he is not active in party af- fairs. His residence is at No. 129 North Duke street. Mr. Hirsh was born June 21, 1827. He mar- ried for his first wife Miss Fannie Greenwald, of Philadelphia, by whom he had four sons and three daughters. The eldest son, Leopold, was a success- ful merchant in McKeesport, Pa., where he died March 21, 1895. David, the second son, is in the tobacco business in New York. Harry, the third son, is in the tobacco trade in Lancaster ; he is mar- ried and has one child, Fanny. Benjamin, the youngest son, is in the livery business at Lancaster. Celia, the eldest daughter, married Morris Hock- himer, an extensive dealer in wool in Wheeling, W. Va., and has three sons and one daughter, Benja- min, Ell wood, Herbert and Florence. Rosa G., the second daughter, is the wife of Henry Weil, a lead- ing horse dealer of Lancaster, and has one child, Hortense. Estella, the youngest daughter, is the wife of Henry Rider, a wholesale cigar dealer of Lancaster, and has two children, Fanny and Adrian. Mr. Hirsh married for his second wife the widow of Abraham Sussman, of Bellefonte, Pennsylvania. SAMUEL A. SHELLEY, retired farmer of Rapho township, was born Sept. 27, 1846, on a farm adjoining the one he now occupies, and he still owns it. Samuel Shelley, his father, died on the old home- stead near by the farm of his son in 1886, at the age of seventy-eight years. He was buried on the farm. He married Maria Acker, who was born in 1819, and is still living with a daughter. Samuel Shelley was a member of the Brethren in Christ Church. For years during his life he was a director of schools for his district. The following children were born to him and his wife': Isaac A., a retired farmer of Sporting Flill ; Emanuel A., a farmer of Rapho township ; Samuel A., whose name opens this sketch ; Anna A., wife of Henry Gibble, a farmer; Maria A., wife of Daniel Wolgemuth, a farmer : and Aaron A., a farmer of Rapho township. Samuel A. Shelley's grandparents were Abraham and Lizzie (Brandt) Shelley, of Rapho township. The grandfather died at the age of ninety-two years, and his father, also named Abraham, lived to the age of ninety-four. The grandfather on the mother's side was Jacob Acker, of Lancaster county. On Nov. 23, 1869, Samuel A. Shelley married Miss Fanny A. Erhart, of Lancaster county, the ceremony being performed by Rev. W. T. Gerherd. To this marriage has come one daughter, Fanny E., now the wife of John B. Hossler, a farmer of Rapho township ; they have four children, Jennie S., Claj'ton S., John S. and Henry S. Mrs. Samuel A. Shelley was born in Rapho township April 7, 1849, daughter of John and Re- becca (Brubaker) Erhart, of Rapho township. Thp father is still living on his farm, but the mother died in 1881, at the age of fifty-five years. She is buried in HernJev's Meeting House cemetery. She was of the Mennonite faith. Mr. Erhart retired from farming in 1880. He and his wife had children as follows : Benjamin, a retired farmer of Rapho township; Fanny A., wife of Samuel A. Shelley; 824 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Samuel, a farmer of Rapho township ; and Rebecca, who died at the age of thirty-six years. Mrs. Shel- ley's paternal grandparents were John and Fanny (Rohrer) Erhart, of Lancaster county, of Swiss origin. Her grandparents on her mother's side were John and Anna (Wenger) Brubaker, of Lan- caster county. Samuel A. Shelley remained on his old home- stead until 1900, when he retired and moved to his present residence, turning over his former place to his son-in-law. The family are members of the Mennonite Church. Mr. Shelley votes with the Republican party. He is a prominent man in his district, and is respected and looked up to by all who know him for his many sterling qualities. SAMUEL F. FREY, senior member of the well known firm of S. F. Frey & Son, furniture dealers and undertakers, at Marietta, is one of the most suc- cessful merchants and prominent citizens of Lan- caster county. Many of the most prominent citizens of America, to-day, are self-made men — men who through poverty and obscurity have fought their way to prominence and honor. A volume of the biog- raphies of representative men of Lancaster county would indeed be incomplete without a sketch of Sam- uel F. Frey, who strikingly illustrates the force of well-directed energy, steadfast purpose and persistent effort for the accomplishment of noble results, and the overthrow of those obstacles that beset the prog- ress of the young man who, unaided and alone, com- bats with life's stern realities. The Frey family has been long and honorably connected with the history of Pennsylvania, whither the original representatives came from France. They were identified with the Huguenots as early as 1629. Originally the home of the family was in Switzerland, Cantons Aargau and Fribourg having been the ancient cradle of this race. In the old town of Fribourg there are docum.ents proving beyond a doubt the origin of the name of Frey. These records tell that because of the bravery displayed by the chief and his clans of Aargau, and the prominent part they had taken in the victory over Charles the Bold, at Morat, 1476, they were declared "Free" (German "Frei") , were authorized to adopt the name of Frey, and were constituted a free and separate principality in Switzerland. Abram Frey, great-grandfather of Samuel F., was an ordained clergyman of the Evangelical Asso- ciation, and was for many years connected with the itinerary service, continuing thus in the Master's cause until called to his reward, at the age of seventy- five years. Samuel Frey, son of Abram, was born in Union county, Pa., and became a farmer by occupation. In his religious views he followed the faith of his father, joining the Evangelical Association. In politics he was a supporter of the Old-line Whigs. He married Anna Bowman, and they became the parents of two sons, Abram and Samuel, and one daughter, Anna, who married Abram First, of Harrisburg, Pa.; all are now deceased. Samuel Frey, the father, died in Union county at the age of forty-nine, and his wife passed away at Florin, this county, Jan. 7, 1879, aged seventy-four years. Rev. Abram Frey, son of Samuel, and father of Samuel F., was born in Union county. Pa., Nov. 14, 1823. He was a man of superior intelligence, and in early life engaged in teaching public school. Feeling called to consecrate his life to the work of God, he became a minister of the Evangelical Association, and filled pulpits at various points in Lancaster, Leb- anon, Berks, Montgomery and Dauphin counties, continuing thus for eight years, or until his death, from typhoid fever, April 23, 1859, ^t the age of thirty-six. Besides his ministerial labors he had been extensively engaged in the manufacture of coverlids and counterpanes, and in dealing in wool at Mt. Joy, Lancaster county. These enterprises were managed by Joseph Classley, and were very prosperous until the panic of 1857. The heavy losses sustained then had not been overcome when Rev. Mr. Frey died, so that practically his wife and six children were left with nothing except a small home. On July 3, 1845, Rev. Abram Frey was united in marriage with Miss Mary Fauby, and this union was blessed with three sons and three daughters, as follows : Martha, wife of Joseph Heineman, of Philadelphia; Abram, an artist of note in Washington, D. C. ; David, who died at the age of eleven years ; Samuel F., whose name opens this sketch ; Lizzie, wife of Dr. N. A. Saylor, of Philadelphia ; and Emma, wife of O. G. Hull, of Kansas City, Mo. In his political faith the father was a Whig until the disintegration of that party, after which he affiliated with the Republicans. Mrs. Mary (Fauby) Frey, the beloved mother of this fam- ily, entered into rest, in New York City, May 5, 1898, at the age of seventy-five. Abram Frey, son of Rev. Abram, and mentioned in the foregoing as an artist of note, made a trip abroad in 1878, sailing from Philadelphia, on an American Line steamer, April 18, 1878 ; he made an extended tour, and passed much time in France, and while in Switzerland saw the papers proving the origin of the family name. Samuel F. Frey was born near Bloomfield, in Juniata tovmship. Perry Co., Pa., Dec. 16, 1852. For some years he was a student in the public schools of Mt. Joy, and for one year was under the instruction of Christian Engle, a most capable instructor, near Mt. Joy. The condition of the family finances made it necessary not only that he support himself, but also that he assist in the care of the family. At the age of sixteen he left school and faced the stern realities of life for himself. On Feb. i, 1868, he apprenticed himself to Henry S. Myers, of Mt. Joy, to learn the trade of cabinetmaker and undertaker, remaining thus employed for three and one-half years. On Jan. 3, 1872, he went to Marietta, and, finding a suitable opening, at once embraced the opportunity of em- barking in business. Through close economy and tiyCMd BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 825 hard work during extra time allotted him during his school days and apprenticeship, he had been able to save $800. Renting a small cabinet shop and ware- rooni in the Welchans building, he bought a stock of furniture and funeral supplies. Success rewarded his efforts from the start, and he was obliged to move to larger, quarters. In 1887 he purchased the Roath property, in the heart of the business district, and, after tearing down the old buildings, erected a sub- stantial brick structure 50x80 feet, three stories and basement. This commodious building inspired Mr. Fray to hold religious services in it before using it for business purposes. With him, to think is to act, and he at once made known his intentions to the best citizens. His project met with great favor, and after the seats had been arranged a large number of people assembled to consecrate, as it were, the building to the services of God. Rev. A. B. Saylor, pastor of the United Evangelical Church of Mt. Joy, preached the sermon, assisted by Rev. Mr. Hickman, pastor of the Presbyterian Church of Marietta. Mr. Frey now conducts the business under the firm name of S. F. Frey & Son, his son Samuel L. having been admitted as a partner. As a business man Mr. BVey has not confined his interest to his store alone. He has been largely interested in real estate, and owns considerable property in Marietta and Columbia, also being interested in farming in the northern part of the county. With others he started the Marietta Manufacturing Company, and is one of its board of directors, as well as a stockholder in the Marietta Silk Mills, using his efforts to secure the location of same in Marietta. He is an owner of stock and president of the Home Building & Loan Association, and is a director of the First National Bank of Marietta. Education has no warmer friend in Lancaster county than Samuel F. Frey. In 1897 he was elected school director, and is now serving his fifth year. In 1898 he served as president of the school board, and he was one of the prime movers in the erection of the present modern school building, which is a credit to the town. Mr. Frey has held many positions of trust, and has frequently been called upon to settle up es- tates, acting as executor and administrator. In religious affairs the name of Samuel F. Frey is written high as a zealous and disinterested worker in the cause of Christ. He, with a few others, made it possible, in 1896, to build Columbia Grace United Evangelical Church, corner of Locust and Walnut streets, and was the advisory member of the building committee, and the one who helped them bridge over the financial part of the question. They moved for- ward with undaunted trust and courage, never giving a thought of failure with a man like Mr. Frey by their side, until they were able to make other arrange- ments and help themselves, and had established con- fidence in their community and elsewhere, proving that they were a truly devoted, loyal Christian people, and could, and certainly would, accomplish their pur- pose by the grace and help of their Divine Master. It was a success. The church was completed, and to-day there is no,t a more thriving congregation. Mr. Frey is not narrow in his religious work, his sympathies being broad enough to embrace all de- nominations, and he has assisted financially and otherwise in the upbuilding of a number of other churches. As an example of his untiring efforts may be detailed the establishment of the United Brethren Church of West Marietta, in 1879. Rev. J. M. Lesher (afterward sent as a missionary to Africa) called upon Mr. Frey, and said, in substance : "I am looking for a place to hold services to preach the Gospel, and I think there is room here. I have been informed West Marietta is a very wicked place, and has room for missionary work; that the harvest is ripe, and laborers are needed. I understand there is an M. E. chapel in that part of the town that is seldom used. This is just what I want, if I can get permis- sion to use it. I was directed to you, being a mem- ber of the United Brethren faith, and as I need a place to stay when here to preach." Rev. Lesher was misinformed as to Mr. Frey's religious connection, inasmuch as he had been reared in the Evangelical Church, but that was immaterial. He welcomed him into his home, enthusiastically entering into all his _ plans, and agreeing to assist him as much as was in his power. These two men, armed with faith and led by the Master, wrought wondrous changes in the locality unto which they ministered. Success crowned the caiise in the salvation of many precious souls rescued by the routing out of sin and wicked- ness ; the homes were thoroughly changed and sancti- fied, where the praises of God are now sung. A more radical change was never witnessed, and there are many witnesses living to-day who will be happy to testify to this. Thirty-eight were converted, and united with the church. Not only had Mr. Frey assisted Rev. Mr. Lesher in the spiritual part of this work, but there had to be a place provided for these people to worship regularly undisturbed. They were rich in courage, and in the spring of 1880 arrange- ments were made to purchase the M. E. chapel, Mr. Frey giving his own personal obligation as security for the payment. After a few years the debt was wiped out, and the church marched triumphantly for- ward without the aid of outside help. The following was contributed by Rev. William Yenser, pastor of Zion's Reformed Church, Marietta: "In church work Mr. Frey is as active and thorough as in busi- ness, and his activities are not confined to any par- ticular part of church work, but embrace all its departments. This activity in church life is sup- plemented by an unstinted generosity, which is exer- cised not only in behalf of his own denomination and congregation but which is as freely given to Christ's church of other denominations, he having very gen- erously aided other congregations in their need, one of which was our own congregation, and especially at this present time, in the building of our new church." In religious faith, as noted above, Mr. Frey clings to the faith of his fathers — the Evangelical As- 826 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY sociation, — now known as the United Evangelical Church. On Sept. 5, 1876, Samuel F. Frey was united in marriage with Miss Anna H. Longnecker, eldest daughter of Rev. John B. Longnecker, of the»01d Brethren in Zion, now located in Florin, this county. Five children blessed this union: Samuel L., who was educated in Albright College, and now, fully equipped for business, is his father's partner, and is adding a strong progressive spirit to the firm ; Anna and Myra, both students at Albright College; and Cora and Wilbur, at home. Politically Mr. Frey is a Republican. The success that has attended his ef- forts has been richly merited, and his industry, in- tegrity and perseverance make him an example well worthy of emulation. JACOB K. HERR, who entered into rest July 17, 1902, was a son of Jacob Herr, who, in his life- time, was one of the representative men of West Lampeter township, Lancaster county, and who was born in Manor township, this county. Jacob K. Herr resided on the farm his father purchased in 1869, some years before his death. It contains seventy-six acres, lying just south of Hollinger, and is one of the choice and model farms of Lancaster county, attracting attention by its neat condition and thorough cultivation. Before his death Jacob Herr put up a fine barn, and his son also made many valuable improvements. Jacob K. Herr took a lively interest in the gen- eral welfare of his community, and was always re- sponsive to any proposition that affected the public good, being ever ready to assist in any enterprise that looked to the advancement of his section. At his death he was aged fifty-one years, eleven months and twenty-two days. Jacob K. Herr was married, Feb. 20, 1896, to Sarah, daughter of Jacob and Lydia Zercher. Mrs. Herr was born in West I^ampeter township. WILLIAM J. BELL, who since 1885 has been one of the efificient and trusted conductors on the great Pennsylvania railroad, is a native of Colum- bia, born Jan. 4, 1853. His parents were William and Mary (Welsh) Bell, natives of Ireland, from which country they came when young. William Bell was a carpenter by trade, and would undoubt- edly have accumulated means, but he fell a victim to the cholera in July, 1854, when but forty years of age. William was bereft of his mother in No- vember of the same year. They left a family of six children, only two of whom yet survive, James (a mechanic of Harrisburg) and William J. The others were: Anna, who married Michael Baum- berger ; Maggie, who married Jonas Leas ; and Thomas and Mary, who died in infancy. Bereft of both parents, William J. Bell, when a child, was taken by his kind aunt, Ellen Supplee, to her home in Montgomery county, Pa., where he grew up engaged in healthful exercise on a farm until he was sixteen years old. At that date he went to Philadelphia, and served an apprenticeship at the painter's trade, which he followed until 1877, when he came to Columbia and was employed by the Pennsylvania railroad as a brakeman until 1882 ; he then served as flagman until 1885, when he re- ceived his promotion to conductor. Mr. Bell gained this position by proving his reliability, and receives, as he deserves, the confidence of his employers and the respect of the community. Mr. Bell was married, April 22, 1879, in Colum- bia, to Miss Sally Adams, and to this union have been born seven children, the two youngest, John and Emil, passing out of life while young ; the others are: William, who is a member of Company C, 4th Militia : Margie ; Frederick ; Harry : and Sarah. Mrs. Bell was born in 1862, daughter of Joljn M. Adams, and a sister of Frederick Adams, of Co- lumbia. Politically Mr. Bell is connected with the Re- publican party, and socially with the orders of Rail- way Conductors and the P. R. Relief. He has long been associated with St. John's Lutheran Church. SAMUEL SNYDER (deceased) was a reliable and progressive farmer in Leacock township, Lan- caster county. He was born in Harristown, Para- dise township, March 26, 1844, and died on the farm where his widow and sons are now living, Dec. 18, T898. His remains rest in the cemetery ~ connected with Christ Church in Leacock town- ship. Samuel Snyder was a son of Aaron and Hannah (Fenninger) Snyder, his father being a native of Germany, and his mother of Paradise township. The father died in 1864, at the age of sixty-one ; and the mother in 1879, at the age of sixty-one. They were members of Christ Church, and were buried in the "cemetery of that church. Their children were as follows: Sarah, who died at the age of forty-eight itnmarried ; Elizabeth, widow of John Slaymaker, and living at Gap, Pa. ; Joanna, widow of Adam Groff , and residing in Lancaster ; Jane, who lives unmarried in Lancaster, as does her sister, Rebecca ; and Hannah, Avho married J. P. Herman, of Gordonville, Pennsylvania. Samuel Snyder was married Jan. 7, 1874, to Anna M. Slack, of Leacock township. To them have come the following children: Elizabeth pre- pared herself for teaching by taking a course at the Millersville State Normal, and has now taught very successfully in the home schools' for eight years ; Anna R. died when a year old; John S. and J. Aaron, both single, operate the home place for the heirs of their father's estate. Mrs. Anna M. (Slack) Snyder was born in Leacock township, and is a sister of H. Slack. Samuel Snyder came to the present farm home of his familv in 1890, removing from Paradise township, where he had held the position of super- visor two years. He and his wife were members BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 827 of Christ Church, in Leacock township, where he had held the position of warden, and was a vestry- man. In his politics he was a Democrat. In his earlier life he was a cabinet maker, but in 1870 turned to farming, spending the rest of his life in that vocation. Very successful in all his under- takings, he became quite well-to-do, and reared a family whose useful lives and high character do credit to his watchful care. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN STAUFFER, in- surance man, who is the district special agent of the great Northwestern Life Insurance Company, and also manager of the Mutual Fire Insurance Company, of Coatesville, is one of the best-known and most successful men in his line in Lancaster county. Although still a young man, he has so thoroughly grasped the details of the insurance bus- iness that he has become an example to others who have spent a lifetime in the same. Mr. Staufifer was born in Manor township March 30, 1861, son of Jacob and Maria K. (For- rey) Stauffer, both of whom were born in Manor township, in which are located the old family home- steads of both the Stauffer and the Forrey families. The father died in 1896 in Washington borough, after a retirement of one and one-half years, at the age of sixty-seven, and was laid away in the old Mennonite cemetery at the Habecker Meeting House. His active years had been spent as a farmer and drover. In politics he was a Democrat, and he was a man who won the respect of the entire commtinity. The mother, who was born in 1830, re- sides in Washington. The children of this union were as follows : John J., who died in infancy, as did also Daniel ; Emma, who married Joseph K. Shultz, of Washington; Benjamin Franklin; Albert F., who is a farmer of Washington ; Elizabeth, who married Martin Strickler ; Harry F., deceased ; Mil- ton F., who is professor of the short-hand depart- ment in Temple College, Philadelphia; Isaiah, who died in infancy; and Kate F., who resides with her mother. The older generation was represented by John Stauffer, who married a Charles, both coming of old families of Manor township. Until the age of seventeen Benjamin Franklin Stauffer remained upon the farm where he had been born and reared, and then became a student in the State Normal School at Millersville, and, being un- usually studious, he was able at the age of eighteen to accept a position as teacher in the public schools of Lancaster county. Until 1883 he alternated teaching and attendance at the Normal, where, in that year, he was graduated. His success in in- surance lines has been very gratifying, and since 1898, when the business of the Mutual Fire In- surance Company was placed in his hands, he has found little time to look after other interests. Since assuming control of the latter business in this lo- cality he has placed nearly $2,000,000 in risks. Although not a politician in the usual meaning of the term, Mr. Stauffer is a Republican and al- ways does a citizen's duty. His connection with the Lutheran Church has lasted through many years. On July 5, 1893, Mr. Stauffer was married to Miss M. Grace Jackson, and two daughters have been born to this union, Kathryn M. and Sara M. Mrs. Stauffer was born in Columbia in February, 1873, daughter of Newton and Sarah (Albright) Jackson, of Pequea and West Hempfield townships, respectively, now residents of Columbia, Mr. Jack- son being a foreman in the roundhouse of the Penn- sylvania railroad. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Jackson were : John W., of Columbia ; Will- ian K., who is a clerk in the Custom House in Phila- delphia; and M. Grace, Mrs. Stauffer. MRS. ANNA B. WITHERS. The name of the most estimable lady of whom this short biog- raphy is given, carries with it through Eden town- ship the weight of public confidence and high es- teem. Her high Christian character, her devotion to her church, and her numberless charities and acts of neighborly kindness have made her not only be- loved by her immediate family, but most kindly and affectionately regarded through the whole com- munity. Anna B. Withers was born in Lampeter town- ship, this county, Nov. 26, 1824, the estimable daughter of John and Fannie (Erb) Bireley, an old and leading family of this county. John Bireley, the father of Mrs. Withers, married into the promi- nent Erb family. Miss Fannie Erb belonging to one of the best known families of the county. After marriage they . settled in Leacock township, on a farm, remaining there until his death, and his widow also died there, the children, besides Mrs. Withers, being as follows : Elizabeth, deceased, was the wife of William Good, of Lancaster county ; Leah was the wife of William Good, deceased, of Leacock township ; John became a brave soldier and served his country through the Civil war, later mar- ried Leah Yoder, of this county, and they moved to Cleveland, Ohio, in which city he, died, leaving a widow and children ; Susan, who was born in this county, is the wife of Reuben Clampson, who is a resident of Ohio, and they have a family; Fannie, born in this county, is the deceased wife of Thomas Wright, and lived in Eden township at the date of her death, when she left two children, Jeremiah and Annie; and Mary, now deceased, married David Graham, of this county, and her death left nine chil- dren motherless, namely: David, George, Will- iam, Samuel, John, Joseph, Leah (the wife of John MsGriggan, deceased), Lizzie (widow of Amos Shisley) and Mary (wife of George Struble, of this county). Mrs. ^yithers grew up in her pleasant country home with her brothers and sisters, and was edu- cated in the public schools of her neighborhood. In February, 1849, she was united in marriage to Abraham Herr, of this county, and they settled on 828 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the present home farm, in Eden township, where the father of Mr. Herr had started in life himself. Three years later Mr. Herr died, and his bereaved widow was left with one son, Abraham B., who died in childhood. The second marriage of Mrs. With- ers occurred in 1859, when she was united to Augustus Withers, a prominent and wealthy busi- ness man of Lancaster county, who was the founder of the Mount Eden furnaces. Following their mar- riage, Mr. and Mrs. Withers settled on the present farm, and here Mr. Withers engaged in agricultural pursuits until his death, Oct. 25, 1868. Again was this estimable lady bereaved, but four children re- mained as her comfort and stay. These were : John B., born in October, i860, married Miss Sallie Hall, and they reside in Hanover,. York county, where he is successfully engaged in conducting a hotel, and has one son, Howard: Thomas A., born in this home, in November, i86r, married Miss Liz- zie Hall, who was a sister to the wife of his brother, and their residence is in Lancaster City, where he is manager of the County Bending Works, and his sev- en living children are Jessie, Charles, Bertha, Mable, Jennie, Hazel and Grace; Mary H., born Dec. 17, 1862, and grew to womanhood in the old home, be- ing well educated in the ptiblic schools, and in 1880 she was married to Joseph S. Groff, of Colerain township ; and Howard H., born Oct. 2, 1865, is still unmarried, and follows railroading. Joseph S. Groff was a son of John and Ellen Groff, the family being long a prominent one in Lancaster county. He and his family now reside at the Withers home, where they have the care and management of Mrs. Withers' farm. The four children of Mr. and Mrs. Grofif are : John A., born in May, 1881, married Anna Strimbel, of Eden township, and they reside in Quarryville, where he is engaged, as a barber, and they have one son, How- ard; Eva B., born in August, 1884, is a student in Weidler's Business College, Lancaster City; Earl, born in October, 1888, is also a student; and Clyde, born Oct. i, 1890. Augustus Withers was born in Lancaster coun- ty Sept. 12, 1807, a son of John and Hannah (Hen- derson) Withers, who at an early date came from Germany and settled in Lancaster county. Their family consisted of four sons and one daughter, these being: Augustus; John, deceased, who was associated with his brother in the founding of the great industry of this township, known as the Eden furnaces, his death occurring in Virginia ; William, who died in Lancaster county; Thomas, who died in the city of Williamsport, in this State ; and Han- nah, who died unmarried. Mr. Withers was educated for a professional life, starting out upon what promised to be a successful medical career, but failing health made it necessary for him to give up the practice of medicine and turn his attention to other lines. As a business man he became very successful, and the flourishing indus- try of which he was was the founder lives as a rec- ord and testimonial to his energy and sagacity. In politics Mr. Withers was long one of the leading Republicans of this section, and was active in the interests of his party. His devotion to the Episco- pal Church was a marked feature of his life, and there he was highly valued as a most worthy and consistent Christian. Mrs. Withers and her family are equally de- voted to the Lutheran Church, in which she has been active through many years, and where she is a liberal supporter of charitable enterprises and mis- sion work. Perhaps no individual in the township has more personal friends than this very lovable and estimable lady. WILLIAM MABLE, who died in Columbia at the comparatively early age of fifty-four, was an Englishman by birth, having first opened his eyes in Northumberland, England, May 28, 1839. His father was christened John, and his mother's maid- en name was Isabella Hendry. John Mable was a tenant farmer, and a stanch Calvinist. Several of his children settled in County Antrim, Ireland, and the history of the family is full of interest. To John and Isabella Mable were born seven children, of whom William was the third in the order of birth. Margaret, the eldest daughter, married Alexander Henderson, and died in Eng- land. Thomas is a farmer in Ireland. Isabella died in Ireland, unmarried. Mary married Thomas Moore, and also passed from life in the Emer- ald Isle. The two younger sons, John and George, both emigrated to this country. The first named is a mechanic living in Columbia, and the other a mer- chant residing in Marietta. William Mable passed his early years in farm- ing in both England and Ireland. In 1869, then a young man of thirty years, he crossed the ocean, finding his way to Wisconsin, where he found em- ployment on a farm. At the expiration of four years he returned to Ireland to claim his promised bride, Margaret Miller. They were married Jan. 7, 1873, and crossed the water together, to seek a common fortune in a strange land. They settled in Columbia, and young William, then strong and stvirdy, went to work in an iron furnace. Two years later failing health compelled him to quit active work, and he continued an invalid until the time of his death. His widow, Margaret (Miller) Mable, is still living. Some seven years before her husband's death, in 1886, she opened a grocery store in Co- lumbia, in the conduct of which (her youngest son, John, acting as manager ") she has been fairly suc- cessful. .She has but one other child, a daughter, Margaret, who is unmarried and resides at home, but is now visiting relatives abroad. Mrs. Mable was born in County Antrim, Ireland, May 25, 1844. Her paternal grandparents were James and Rachel (Bowman) Miller, of .Scotland. James was a farmer, and died in County Antrim, Ireland. Her BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 829 mother, .whose maiden name was Margaret Service, was a daughter of William Service and Margaret Stewart. Her father died in January, 1892, after completing his eighty-second year. Her mother survived him until April, 1900, when she, too, fell asleep, after attaining the extraordinary age of ninety-one years. Her grandfather, William Ser- vice, died of old age, in his ninety-ninth year. She is the third child of a large family, the others being named William, Rachel, James, Samuel, John and Robert. William is a merchant in Ballymena, Ire- land. Rachel is the widow of William Moore, of Belfast. • James and Samuel are farmers in County Antrim, Ireland. John is the manager of a quarry in County Down. Robert, who was at one time a merchant at Antrim, is deceased. AMOS BOWMAN. Among the worthy and representative citizens of Lancaster county is Amos Bowman, who lives a retired life on his fine farm of sixty acres, situated one mile east of Lampeter, in West Lampeter township. He was born in Provi- dence township Sept. 25, 1849, a son of Rev. Henry and Mary (Baer) Bowman. Rev. Henry Bowman was but twenty-eight years of age when he was chosen a minister of the Reformed Mennonite Church, and from that time until his death faithfully ofi&ciated in the capacity of minister and bishop. He was thrice married; his first wife, Elizabeth Weaver, bore him one son, Jacob. By his second wife, Susannah Weaver, he became the father of the following children: Eliz- abeth, wife of Henry Trout; Annie and John, de- ceased; Esther (Hettie), deceased wife of Christian Kreider ; and Henry, deceased. For his third wife Rev. Bowman married Mrs. Mary (Baer) Brenne- man, widow of Jacob Brenneman. Two_ sons blessed this union, Frank and Amos. Amos Bowman was reared in Providence towii- ship, and was educated in the public schools. When he was twenty-eight years of age he engaged in farming operations in East Lampeter township, where he remained for one year, and then in x868 purchased his present farm of Abraham Herr. Many valuable and permanent improvements have been made to this farm, and now all its surround- ings testify to the thrift and excellent management of its owner. For many years he was well-known in the affairs of the township, but since 1870 has not taken an active part in either farming or public matters, enjoying the ease of ample means. In 1867 Amos Bowman married Barbara Weav- er, a daughter of Joseph and Esther (Stehman) Weaver, the former of whom was a minister of the Reformed Mennonite Church. No children have been born to Amos Bowman and wife, but they gave parental care and aiifection to two little sisters, Emma and Catherine Sloat, whom they reared to maturity, and who now have homes of their own, Emma having married Rohrer Snavely, of New Danville ; and Catherine, G. H. Shirtz, of Lancaster. Mr. and Mrs. Bowman are most hospitable people, and none in the county possess the esteem of their neighbors in a higher degree. They are both ac- tive workers in the Reformed Mennonite church. Rev. Joseph Weaver, father of Mrs. Bowman, was born on the old Weaver homestead in West Lampeter township, and is a direct descendant of the founder of the family who settled in this country in 1711. Rev. Joseph Weaver was born April 5, 1792, and for many years was a devoted and valued minister of the Reformed Mennonite Church in Lancaster county. Early in life he was a farmer, but later devoted his entire time to ministerial work and to the upbuilding of the Church. His was a beautiful .Christian character, and all who came within his influence were benefited. He married first, Barbara Baer, and their children were : Isaac, Ephraim, Jacob and Eliza, all deceased; and Mary and Susannah, living. For his second wife Rev. Weaver wedded Esther Stehman, a daughter of John Stehman, of Strasburg township, and two children were born of this marriage : Barbara A. ; and Annie E., who is the wife of John S. Kurtz, of Lancaster City. LEVI MOHLER. Among the substantial re- tired agriculturists of Lancaster county, no one is better or more favorably known than Levi Mohler, who owns and occupies the old homestead which was established by the founder of the American branch of the family five generations ago. Ludwig Mohler, the Swiss ancestor of the Moh- ler family, came to the United States as early as T730, and here founded a family which has given many manly sons and blooming daughters to the State of Pennsylvania, their descendants having settled throughout this and many of the neighbor- ing States. John Mohler, the father of Levi Mohler, was born in 1786, and about 1814 married Salome Gline, and they reared nine children: Amanda, born in 1816, married Harry Keller; Cyrus, born in 1819; John, born in 1820; Frederick, born in 1823; Levi, born in 1824; Reuben, born in 1826; Salorrta, born in 1828; Isaac, born in 1830; and Samuel, born in 183.S. Levi Mohler, the subject of this biography, was born Oct. 25, 1824, and has had a busy although a quiet life. Pursuing farming exclusively, he has become possessed of large means, owning two of the finest farms in Lancaster county, one of these containing one hundred acres, and the other sev- enty-two acres, both of these being fihely improved. In 1852 he was married to Miss Magdalena Bitzer, the estimable daughter of John and Elizabeth (Royer) Bitzer, and to this union five children were born: Elizabeth, born in 1852, married Nathan Fahnestock; Solomon, born in 1855, died in child- hood; Louisa, born in 1857, died in girlhood; Fianna, born in 1859, married William J. Echart, of Berks county. Pa. ; and John, born Feb. i, 1862. 830 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY John Mohler married Jane Dinger, of Lebanon county, Pa., and manages the home place for his father, his family of children bearing these names: Lizzie, Alice, Levi, Urias, Ida, Emma, Hiram and Allen. In politics our subject is a stanch Republican, and has long been a prominent member of the Ger- man Baptist Church. His declining years are spent in peace and contentment, esteemed and respected by the community, and he well represents the law abiding, upright citizens of which Lancaster county has cause to feel proud. GEORGE BOWMAN BRESSLER, alderman of the Fifth ward, Lancaster, bears the name of a noted Methodist divine, and belongs to an old and influential family in his part of the State. He is the fourth George in the family since its settlement in America. George Bressler, his grandfather, was born at Strasburg, this county, son of a native-born Ger- man who came to the United States and settled in Pennsylvania. George Bressler was a farmer, and a man of character and standing. C. H. Bressler, father of George B., of Lan- caster, was born in Mill Hall, Clinton county. Pa. After receiving a thorough elementary education he determined to take up the study of medicine and surgery, for that purpose entering the office of the late Dr. Washington L. Atlee; the late Dr. Henry Mellinger was also a student under Dr. Atlee at the same time. C. H. Bressler was graduated from Jefferson Medical College with the degree of M. D., and from 1839 to 1849 practiced medicine in Lancaster. Finally becoming associated with the late Dr. Ely Parry, one of Lancaster's most noted dentists (father of Dr. H. B. Parry, the East King street druggist), and becoming himself proficient in dentistry. Dr. Bressler took up that branch in connection with surgery, removed to Center county, and in 1854 to York county, where he built up a very extensive practice in both lines. Dr. Bressler was an ardent Republican politically, and at one time was a candidate for Congressional honors, and later appeared on the State Republican ticket as a candidate for Congressman at large. In 1866 he was commissioned by Gov. Curtin sherifi' of York county, to fill a vacancy. A devout Methodist, few stood higher in the estimation of his associates in the Church than did this zealous Christian gentle- man. Dr. Bressler married Miss Sarah A. Tonner, daughter of Rev.- John N. Tonner, of the Methodist Church, who died at Canton, Ohio. Eight chil- dren were born of this union, seven of whom are hving: Dr. John T., a dentist of Shepherdstown, Cumberland county ; George B., mentioned below ; Emma Barnett and Clara V., of York ; Dr. Wilbur C, a dentist of York; Andrew Curtin, a traveling salesman of York : and Ella M., at home. The fa- ther of this family died in February, 1894, at the age of seventy- four years; and the mother died in 1868, when thirty-eight years old. George Bowman Bressler was born in Belle- fonte, Center county, April 23, 1851. He was par- tially educated in the public schools of York, and after leaving the city schools took an academic course. When only fourteen years of age he tried to enlist in the Union army, at Harrisburg. The officer in command of the station, seeing that young Bressler, though much under age, was bright and trusty, made him a clerk at the recruiting station, where he remained until the close of the war. When he was seventeen years of age he became an apprentice at printing in the office of the True Dem- ocrat, at York, and in 1870 came to Lancaster to enter the employ of Pearsol & Geist, proprietors of the Express, where he remained until his entrance upon a clerkship in the post office in 1874, under Postmistress Hager. At a later period he became a letter carrier, but he was thrown out of service by a change in the National administration.- After working for some time in the Lancaster Watch Works Mr. Bressler became a grocer, in the fall of 1885. In 1892 Mr. Bressler was elected an alderman on the Republican ticket, from the Fifth ward of Lan- caster, and so satisfactory was his administration of the duties of that position that in 1897 he was again elected, without opposition, and he was again honored with re-election in 1902. George B. Bressler was married, Aug; 13, 1874, to Miss Eleanor Henry, daughter of the late Benja- min Henry, one of the oldest and most respected citizens of Lancaster. To this marriage three chil- dren have been born : Eleanor, wife of W. Hayes Farley, a jeweler of Lock Haven; Charles H., at home_; and Anna L., wife of William E. Dietz, of Sutton, West Virginia. Mr. Bressler, like his father, is devotedly at- tached to the Methodist Church. Fraternally he is a member of Lamberton Lodge, No. 476, Royal Arch Masons, and of the Lodge of Perfection. SAMUEL H. BOYD. Among the well-known business men of Columbia of established reputations is the present tax collector of that borough, Samuel H. Boyd, who for the past twenty years has been elected annually to that responsible position. A more direct evidence of general public esteem and confidence it would be difficult to find. Mr. Boyd was born in Columbia Aug. 20, 1850, son of John and Elizabeth (Stanley) Boyd, both of whom were na- tives of Lancaster county. His paternal grandpar- ents were James and Mary (Fisher) Boyd. The grandmother, a native of Columbia, died a victim of cholera. The maternal grandparents of Samuel H. were James and Catherine (Hinkle) Stanley, of York county, Pennsylvania. John Boyd, father of Samuel H., was a life-long railroad man. For many years he was keeper of the warehouse at Columbia for Leach and for the Penn- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 831 sylvania lines. He died in 1871, aged fifty-five years. His wife died in 1865, aged forty-five years. Both were buried in Mt. Bethel cemetery. Five children were born to them, namely: Mary A., who married David Welsh, of Columbia, died Dec. 29, T902 ; James, deceased ; Ella, wife of Dr. H. V. Grass, of York county. Pa.; Catharine, widow of Joshua T. Hughes, of Columbia, who was killed at the Electric Railroad plant during a cyclone in that borough in May, 1896 ; and Samuel H. Samuel H. Boyd, the youngest of the family, has been a life-long resident of Columbia, and a life-long resident of the home he now occupies. He received a good education in the public schools, and in the earlier years of his manhood he entered the railroad service, for twelve years being employed by the Pennsylvania Railroad in caring for the ware house at Columbia. In 1880 he was appointed tax col- lector by the school board of Columbia, and has been elected each term since, filling the duties of the office in a businesslike and satisfactory manner to the peo- ple of Columbia, and with credit to himself. In politics Mr. Boyd is a Republican. He at- tends the Methodist Episcopal Church. Prominent in the fraternal orders of the borough, he is an active member of the I- O. O. F. of Columbia, and of the A. O. M. P. of Ridgely. Mr. Boyd has evinced ex- cellent business qualities through life and possesses a good competence in consequence. GEORGE W. BIRELEY. One of the leading men of Eden township, who has been prominently identified with the best interests of Lancaster coun- ty all his life, and who, now in his declining years, enjoys the high regard and esteem of his fellow-citi- zens, is George W. Bireley, a retired farmer, who was one of the loyal citizens who fought for his country's flag during the Civil war. Mr. Bireley was born in Leacock township, this county, July 6, 1835, a son of George and Mary (Kunkle) Bireley, both of whom were born in Stras- burg, in this county, the former in 1807, and the latter in 18 13. (reorge Bireley, the grandfather of our subject, came of German ancestry, an*d Revolutionary stock. He settled in Strasburg, engaged in farming, and provided well for his three sons, John, who settled in Leacock township as a farmer, and died many years ago, leaving a family; Jacob, who settled for a time in Leacock township, later moving near Lan- caster City, where he engaged in farming all his life, and left a family at his death ; and George, the last named being the father of our subject. George Bireley, son of George, and father of George W., settled in Leacock township, later moved to Strasburg, where he lived until 1859, and then removed to Chester county, in this State, making his home with his son, George W., who was living there at that time, returning with him to Eden township after the war, and lived with him until his death in He married Mary Kunkle, daughter of Hen- ry Kunkle, of English parentage. She shared with him all the hardships of pioneer life, and survived until March, 1901, dying in Chester county, at the home of her son Zacheus, at the age of ninety years. These parents were blessed with seven manly sons, and one daughter, namely: (i) Christiana, born in 1828, in Lancaster county, married James Shields, a native of Ireland, and after marriage they settled in Leacock township, where she soon died, leaving one daughter, Mary J., a telegraph operator in Har- risburg. (2) Henry, born in Lancaster county, in 1830, married Maggie Hoover, of Chester county, and they reside in Sadsbury township. When the Civil war broke out he was one of the first to re- spond to the call for soldiers, and after his return from serving his enlistment, he was made marshal of this district, and efficiently served as such until the close of the war, when he settled in Bart town- ship, where he lived until the time of his death ; his wife died some years later. (3) George W. is men- tioned below. (4) Daniel, born in 1840, also offered his services to his country, enUsting in the 79th P. V. I., under Col. Hambright, of Lancaster, served three years, and then, re-enlisting, he filled out the period until the close of the war. At the battle of Chattanooga he and six others were all that re- mained of a company of one hundred men, and he took part in many other severe engagements, return- ing home, however, in safety. He married Caroline Ikerley, of Strasburg, and they settled in Lancaster county, but later removed to Kansas City, Mo., where they still reside and have a numerous family. (5) Jacob M., born in Lancaster county, in 1842, also came forward, like his brothers, and offered his life to his country in the trying days of 1861. After a service of three years he too re-enlisted and re- mained in the service until the close of the war, and participated in all of the battles in which his regi- ment took part, until near the end, when he was taken sick, was sent home and died soon after, as much a martyr as if killed on the field of battle. (6) Winfield Scott and (7) Zachary Taylor, twins, born in 1846, both enlisted for service in the Civil war, when less than sixteen years of age, entering Co. D,_203d P. V. I., at Camp Cadwallader, Philadel- phia, but Winfield died in a hospital at Wilmington, N. C. Taylor served through the war, participat- ing in many hard-fought battles and returned with so honorable a record that he has been State marshal since. After his return he was married to Emma Steel, of this county, and they reside in Chester county. Their children are : Annie, wife of Will- iam Clinton, of Chester county ; Clara, wife of Thom- as Hilton : Cora, wife of Frank Hilton ; Winnifred ; John B. ; Marshall ; and Roy. (8) William T., born in Lancaster county, was a soldier through the Civil war, belonging to the 122nd P. V. C, and from three enlistments had three honorable discharges. He too, survived the dangers of war, and after his re- turn was married to Mary Steel, of this county, and , they settled in Eden township, where his death oc- 832 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY curred in 1891, leaving a widow and family who are residents of Chester county, the children being Lillie/ who married Howard Alexander, of Chester county, and has two children, Bertie and Robert ; Susan, who married Newton McGinnis, and has one son, Will- iam; George D. and Benjamin F., both unmarried, and both residents of Chester. George. W. Bireley, of this biography, was reared in the midst of a home where was taught industry and loyalty. His education was acquired in the dis- trict schools, and when his age warranted his en- gaging in work he soon found employment in the county in quarrying and lime burning. At that date this work was very extensively carried on in his lo- cality. In 1857 he was united in marriage to Sarah J. Hoover, the estimable daughter of Mathias and Anna Hoover, prominent farming people of Ches- ter county. Mrs. Bireley was born in 1835, and grew up in Lancaster county. That George W. Bireley was roused to patriotic action when the call came for soldiers to defend his country, did not surprise those who knew him best. He became a member of Co. D, 203d P. V. I., and he took part in all of the engagements in which his regiment participated, until he was seriously wound- ed at Wilmington, N. C, and was placed in a hos- pital, where he remained until the close of the war. He also suffered from rheumatism and lumbago, as a result of the exposure and hardships endured in that great struggle. At enlistment Mr. Bireley left his wife and two children in Chester county, and he returned there, but soon after removed to Eden and remained there until in 1890, when he purchased the Eden Furnace prop- erty. Mr. Bireley has been held in high esteem by his fellow-citizens for a long period, this being proven by his election for a season of sixteen years as supervisor of Eden township, while he has also efficiently served as county and school tax collector, and for nine years as county and township tax col- lector. Politically he is an ardent and active mem- ber of the Republican party. In June, 1879, occurred the death of Mrs. Bire- ley, at which time she left five children, Anna M., born in Chester county, in May, i860, who married Henry Wolf, of this county, and they reside in Eden township, their five children being Daniel J., George W., Lizzie S., Henry, Lena; and Daniel J., born Feb. 3, 1862, in Chester county, who married Sallie Ha- gan, of this county, and they reside on his father's homestead, and their two children are Letta I. and Dora M. ; Barbara A., born in December, 1866, in this county, is the wife of Harry Frackman, of Georgetown, and their four children are Annie, Jen- nie, Virgie and Etna ; Lydia P., born in July, 1870, is the wife of George Gaul, a farmer of Eden township, and their three children are Hilda, Enos and Myrtle ; and Iva H., born in September, 1872, is the wife of William Althaus, a resident of Paradise township, and their two children are Walter and Earl. On Dec. 29, 1881, Mr. Bireley was married to Augusta Louisa Kemmerly, a native of Lancaster county, and a daughter of Franklin and Christianna S. Kemmerly. The family came to America from Germany in 1862. Mrs. Bireley was born in Ger- many Aug. 3, i860, and she grew to fair young womanhood and was educated in this county. Four children have been born to this union, namely: Catherine E., born in April, 1886 ; George H., born in August, 1888 ; Winfield S., born in April, 1891 ; and Agnes L., born June 9, 1895. Few families in the country, and surely none in Lancaster county testified to their loyal love of coun- try as did the honored one of which our subject is a member. Fitting, indeed, was it that the G. A. R. Post of this locality should be named in his honor, and that of the brave young brother who lost his life in the cause of his country. Mr. Bireley has taken a deep interest in this noble organization, and has been honored as its commander. Entirely aside from his war record, Mr. Bireley has won the con- fidence and esteem of the community by his honora- ble life, his public-spirit, and the interest and enter- prise he has always shown in the advancement of his section and people. Both he and wife are lead- ing members of the Lutheran Church, where he is a liberal supporter and regular attendant. Mr. Bireley met with a misfortune in 1892. which has caused untold regret to his many friends. By ac- cident he received a gun shot wound in the foot, which has necessitated his use of crutches, but it is the fervent hope of friends and acquaintances that time may remedy or mitigate the injury. Few men are more universally popular than is George W. Bireley of Eden township. BENJAMIN P. MILLER. For nearly thirty years this well known retired merchant of Lancaster was engaged in the wholesale grocery trade in that city. He established the business, which under his supervision grew and prospered. Late in the after- noon of life himself and business partner transferred the valuable business to their sons and retired from active life. The career of Mr. Miller has been such that he is entitled to great credit. Handicapped in his early life by ill health, yet filled with determina- tion, he did best that work which lay before him, changing the nature of his employment as he found it overtaxing his strength, until, in the creation of the wholesale house now so well and widely known, he found the vocation which has yielded adequate reward to his intelligence and well-directed application. Mr. Miller was born in Lancaster April 2, 1827, son of Martin and Elizabeth (Mylin) Miller, early residents of Lancaster county, and was but a year and a half old when his father died. When a child of ten years he removed with his mother from Lancaster to a farm in Rockhill, where he remained two years. He then attended school at Lancaster for two and a half years, after which he began an apprenticeship at the carpenter's trade. Owing to ill health he aban- doned that trade a few years later, and embarked in '^^^^'' BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 833 1855 in business as a retail grocer at Lancaster, con- tinuing thus until 1865. The confinement incident to that business also in time proved unfavorable to his health. He had conducted the store successfully for tenyears, and after traveling some time, selling gro- ceries, he engaged in business at Lancaster as a wholesale grocer. Two years later he admitted to partnership John I. Hartman, and for nearly thirty years the firm was prominently connected with the commercial interests of Lancaster. Wishing to see the business continued after their prospective retire- ment, their sons were thoroughly taught the details of the expanded trade, so that in the year 1895 the business was surrendered to them. Mr. Miller's business judgment is keen and accurate, his knowl- edge and interest in public affairs broad and thor- ough, and as one of the most prominent citizens of Lancaster he is held in the highest esteem by his numerous business and social friends and by all who know him. Mr. Miller married, at Philadelphia, Pa., in 1862, Miss Mary C, daughter of Frederick Miller ; she died April 5, 1885. To Mr. and Mrs. Miller were born seven children, two sons and five daughters; namely : Ella L. ; Charles A., wholesale grocer at Lancaster, who married, in January, 1892, Mrs. Jennie Gardner, and has one child, Mary ; Ora, who married, Oct. 5, 1893, David S. Widmeyer, furniture dealer and un- dertaker, of Lancaster, and has one son, John Henry ; Mary ; Benjamin P., Jr. ; Mabel G., who married, Oct. 20, 190T, Christian Engle ; and Edna M. In re- ligious affiliation Mr. Miller is an old and prominent member of St. John's Lutheran Church, having joined the church in 1854. He has served as town councilman for two years, being elected by the Re- publicans. In early life he belonged to the I. O. O. F. OLIVER CROMWELL BALMER, the genial and successful manager of the Lancaster city office of the Western Union Telegraph office, is a native of Elizabethtown, Lancaster county, and comes of a long and useful line of manly and sturdy people. His ancestors were French Huguenots, who sought a refuge on these shores from bitter persecution, and have always been a hardy and long-lived race. Elizabeth (Haybecker) Balmer, the grandmother of Oliver C, attained the venerable age of -ninety-five years. Samuel Balmer, his grandfather, was a school teacher and a contracting carpenter. His brother, Daniel Balmer, served the State as member of the Legislature many years ago. William Henry Harrison Balmer, father of Oliver Cromwell, now resides at Carnegie, Pa. He was for many years a druggist and merchant of Elizabethtown, this county. He married Martha, daughter of Mrs. Daniel Shank, living near Eliza- bethtown, and to this union were born five children, four of whom are living: Samuel H., shipping clerk of the Steelton Flour Mill Co., Steelton, Pa. ; Oliver C, at Lancaster ; Elizabeth Haybecker, wife of A. T. Stewart, president of the A. T. Stew- 53 art Implement Manufacturing Company, at Carne- gie, near Pittsburg; Mabel Blanche, wife of Henry Hamme, shipping clerk of the York Wall Paper Company, of York, Pennsylvania. Oliver Cromwell Balmer was born at Elizabeth- town Sept. 6, 1865, and was educated at Columbia, Pa., to which place his parents had removed. At the age of ten years he began carrying newspapers, and at eleven entered a store, becoming messenger boy for' the W-estern Union Telegraph Company when not thirteen years old. This place he held for three years, when he went to Harrisburg, in the em- ploy of the same company, also as messenger. He was appointed operator at the old Pennsylvania rail- road depot at Harrisburg, and filled that position for a year and a half. In 1883 he was appointed man- ager of the telegraph office in the "Brighton Hotel," subsequently taking charge of the main office at At- lantic City for a short time. In 1884 he was trans- ferred to Lancaster, to hold an operator's chair, and there he worked for a year and a half, when he was transferred to Harrisburg, to remain a year and a half. He was then transferred to Birmingham, Ala., and remained in the Southern city nearly a year, when he was recalled to Harrisburg to fill the position of operator and wire chief, continuing in that place until 1892, when he became manager at York. There he was employed until the opening months of 189Q, when he was appointed manager of the Western Union office in Lancaster, an unbroken service in the employ of the Western Union Tele- graph Company of nearly twenty-three years. Mr. Balmer was married to Miss Lilly D., daughter of Prof. D. G. Williams, for nine years superintendent of the public schools of York coun- ty, and who is now a notary public engaged in the insurance and real estate business. To this union two children were born: Oliver Cromwell, Jr., and David Williams. Mr. Balmer belongs to the First Methodist Church of Lancaster, and is a teacher in the Sunday- school. In politics he is a Republican. He belongs to several benevolent organizations. As manager of the Western Union office he has made many friends by his unfailing courtesy and close attention to all busi- ness that passes through his hands. G. J. P. RAUB, general insurance manager at Quarry ville, was born in Eden township Aug. 15, 1852, son of Dr. John K. and Leah ("Peoples) Raub. The parents were both born in Lancaster county. John K. Raub, after his marriage, settled in Hawkesville, where he taught school for a time, and then took up the study of medicine, which he prac- ticed for many years, becoming prominent both as a physician and citizen. He accumulated large means by putting the income from his practice in invest- ments which returned good interest. He moved to New Providence, where he practiced up to a short time before his death, in 1867. His wife is still liv- 834 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ing, and is now the wife of Edward Aston, of New Providence. Dr. John K. Raub left one son and one daughter: G. J. P., and Lillie. The daughter was educated at the Millersville Normal School, married Elam K. Herr, formerly of Quarryville borough, but now residing at Rloomfield, Iowa; they have two daughters, Ella and Miriam. G. J. P. Raub was educated at the Millersville State Normal School and Kutztown Normal School. His early life was spent as a clerk in a coun- try store, until he entered into partnership with F. W. Helm, in a general store at New Providence, at which place he continued for five years. He then moved to Quarryville, where he entered into a part- nership with George W. Hensel, his father-in-law. The firm continued as Hensel & Co. until 1874, when Mr. Raub purchased Mr. Hensel's interest and con- tinued the business until 1890. He then sold out and engaged in general insurance for the Northwest- ern Life Insurance Company, of Milwaukee, Wis., which he has continued until the present time. Since 1890 he has engaged in the insurance business, and he is now manager of the district, a position of honor and profit. He received a medal from the company for careful and judicious management of its af- fairs. When he first began in the insurance business his territory consisted of parts of Lancaster and Chester counties, but now he has charge, in addition to the foregoing, of the counties of Franklin and Fulton, and a part of Schuylkill, in Pennsylvania, and of Washington, Frederick and Montgomery, in Maryland. In point of business Mr. Raub stands first in the State of any representatives of his com- pany, and has been awarded medals to that effect from the company. In 1873 G. J. P. Raub married Miss Ella M. Hensel, daughter of George W. and Anna M. Hen- sel. He has two children : Florence H., who was born in 1875 ; and Charles H., born in 1879, who is a graduate of the State College of Center county. Pa., class of 1901. In politics Mr. Raub is a Democrat, but he has never aspired to office. Fraternally he is a member of the order of Elks, Chambersburg Lodge. He and his wife are members of' the Reformed Church of Quarryville. Mr. Raub is scrupulously honest, and his integ- rity is well known and esteemed by all. He is a man of more than ordinary ability, and his life has been one of active business, which he has made suc- cessful by giving it his entire attention and time. M. H. GROFF. Among the leading and repre- sentative citizens of Drumore township is M. H. Groff , who is a native of Lancaster county, born in West Lampeter township, Oct. 24, 1847, ^ son of Eli and Susan (Herr) Groff, the former of whom was a son of Jacob Groff, a native of Germany, who became a highly respected and well-known farmer of Lancaster county. Eli Groff married Susan Herr about 1840, and three sons were born to them : Harvey H., whose young life went out on the terrible battle field in Vir- ginia, in 1863, a member of Co. G, 21st P. V. C. ; Aquilla, who died in Williamsport, Wyoming Co., Pa., in his seventeenth year; and M. H. Groff, of Drumore township. Although in earlv life M. H. Groff possessed little in the way of worldly goods, he was full of energy and ability, and as the years passed on he accumu- lated means, and now is the fortunate owner of one of the best small farms in his township, which is improved with excellent and comfortable buildings. On Dec. 9, 1874, Mr. Groff' was married to Miss .A.nnie C. Rowe, of Drumore township, who was born on May 25, 1854, a daughter of Samuel and Annie (Tanger) Rowe, of Drumore, the former of whom was born July 3, 1826, and the latter April 22, 1827, and they both reside with M. H. Groff. Mrs. Groff has but one brother, Benjamin F. Rowe, who is a farmer of Dru- more township. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Groff : Samuel Chester, born in 1875, married Naomi Harnish, of Drumore, and they have one son,- Maurice H. Groff ; Annie Myrtle, born in 1877, died at the age of twenty-one years; and Iva S., born in 1881, resides with her parents. In politics Mr. Groff has always been devoted to the interests of the Republican party, and he has been called upon at various times to serve his party as supervisor of roads and assessor, filling these posi- tions with satisfaction to all concerned. In 1890, and again in 1900, Mr. Groff was appointed to take the census in Drumore township, and this duty was performed with carefulness and efficiency. Mr. Groff is a leading member of the Chestnut Level Presbyterian Church, and is now ( 1902) one of the trustees, and. in every way he is a reliable and repre- sentative citizen of his township, in which he is uni- versally esteemed. OTOMER S. ECKERT. Prominent in West Earl township is Otomer S. Eckert, one of the pros- perous and highly respected farmer-citizens. As a good farmer and liberal minded citizen, interested in all that promises benefit to his locality, he has won the esteem and confidence of the community where his home has been so many years. Otomer S. Eckert was born Nov. 4, 1859, a son of Peter and Katherine (Johns) Eckert, both of whom belonged to old and substantial families of Lancaster county. Peter Eckert was born Feb. 20, 1828, and now resides on a fine farm in Manheim township. His wife was born Oct. 8, 1824, and died March 14, i8qo. Their marriage was celebrated in 1830, and their family numbered four children: Mary, born in 1853, is the wife of Elias Bard, of l^pper Leacock township ; Levi C, born in 1855, is a farmer in Manheim township ; Kate A., born in 1857, IS the wife of George K. Diller, a farmer and drover of East Earl township; and Otomer S., of this sketch. Levi Eckert, the grandfather, was a BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 835 prominent farmer and large landowner of Leacock township, and was the father of these children: Caroline, the wife of John Bair, of Leacock town- ship ; Clara, wife of George De Haven, of East Earl ; Elmyra, deceased ; Peter C. ; Otomer S., a farmer of Leacock township, now deceased; and Levi, who died in childhood. The great-grandfather of the Eckert family came to America from Switzerland, and was one of the early settlers of this part of the county. Otomer S. Eckert was educated in the public schools, and grew up a farmer boy, early learning in the school of experience all the details of an agri- cultural life. From choice he has followed farm- ing pursuits, and has become one of the substantial men of this locality. Mr. Eckert was happily married on March 8, 1882, to Miss Mary J. Geist, who was born Dec. 28, 1859, a daughter of John and Charlotte (Harnish) Geist, of Upper Leacock township, and to this union have been born four daughters: Lottie, Katie, Clara and Minnie. In politics Mr. Eckert is a Re- publican, and the family have always been members of the German Reformed Church. In educational matters Mr. Eckert has continually shown his inter- est, and is now serving as school director. In the neighborhood the esteem in which he is held is very marked, and he may be justly regarded as one of the best representatives of the superior citizens who find their home in West Earl township. JACOB G. STAUFFER, a lumber merchant of Elizabethtown, combines with his hardwood inter- ests, extensive dealings in coal, flour and grain mill products, operates an important stone crushing en- terprise, and contracts crushed stone in any quantity to cities and corporations. An enterprising and pushing business man of high character and deserved popularity, he is widely recognized as one- of the representative men of diis part of the State. Mr. Stauffer was born six miles from Elizabeth- town, in the township of Mt. Joy, May 29, 1850, son of Jacob and Mary ( Groff ) Stauffer, natives of Mt. Joy and Rapho townships, respectively. They died on the old family homestead which was the birth- place of their son, Jacob G. The elder Stauffer was a man of considerable prominence in his home com- munity, and was supervisor for thirteen years, hold- ing at the same time other local positions of more or less importance. He died at the age of sixty-eight years. Both he and his wife were members of the German Baptist Church, and their remains are at rest in the cemetery connected with the Chickies Meeting House. They were the parents of the fol- lowing children : Fannie, the wife of Samuel Risser, of Lebanon county; Mary, the widow of David Moyer, of Mt. Joy township ; Rebecca, deceased ; John, a farmer of the township of Mt. Joy; Abra- ham, a farmer of Lebanon county; and Jacob G. Both the paternal and maternal grandparents of Jacob G. Stauffer were natives of Lancaster county. and belonged to families long prominent in industry and business in this part of the State. Jacob G. Stauffer was married in November, 1870, in Mt. Joy township, to Miss Lizzie Witmer, and the children born to this union were as follows : Amanda, who has been twice married, her first hus- band being Irwin Engle, and her second, John Bink- ley, a miller in Mt. Joy township ; Anna, who died at the age of seven ; Ada, who died at the age of two ; and Harry, at home. Mrs. Lizzie Stauffer was born in Mt. Joy township, and died in 1892, at the age of forty-two years, and her remains are resting in Mt. Tunnel Cemetery. She was a daughter of Henry Witmer, and a lady of much character with those re- fined and womanly traits that command a host of friends. Mr. Stauffer contracted a second marriage Nov. 30, 1893, in Elizabethtown, with Mrs. Mary H. Bentz, a daughter of David Huntzberger. Mr. Stauffer remained at home with his parents until he attained his majority, when he rented a farm for a time and then bought it, only to sell after some four years of cultivation at a very good profit. After selling out his farming interest Mr. Stauffer moved into Elizabethtown, where he had bought a flouring mill, which he has operated to the present time. In 1886 he had achieved so much success as a miller that he felt warranted in branching out and taking up in addition to his mill work, coal and grain, as well as lumber, making many irons in the fire, but he is able to keep them all going at a white heat. Mr. Stauffer has served on the borough council six years, and has been a burgess ten consecutive years. He is a Republican, and an enterprising, thrifty man, as well as a prominent and public-spirited citizen. DAVID A. HUBER. One of the progressive and public -spirited citizens of West Lampeter town- ship, Lancaster county, is David A. Huber, the own- er and operator of a fine farm of forty-eight acres of rich, well-improved land in close proximity to the village of Willowstreet. His birth occurred on the old family homestead which has been in the posses- sion of the Hubers for generations, on Aug. 11, i860, and he was educated in the common schools of the district. Until his marriage David H. Huber remained at home, engaged in agricultural pursuits, but when he established a home for himself, on Jan. i, 1888, he located upon his present farm, where he made many permanent improvements and carries on a general line of farming. His marriage was to Emma S-, a daughter of Martin and Maria Huber, of West Lampeter township. She was born Oct. 26, 1861, and by her marriage has be- come the mother of three children: Carrie May, born Aug. 13, 1891 ; Martin, born Aug. 25, 1892; and Christian, born Nov. 13, 1893. This family is one of the county's most respected, and in every way David A. Huber is a man to be es- teemed and highly regarded by his fellow-citizens. 836 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Honest, industrious, energetic and home-loving, these are the qualities which form the character of typical Americans. EZRA B. WOLF, owner and proprietor of The Press, of Denver, Lancaster county, is a native of West Cocalico township, where he was born Aug. 20, 1852, son of Christian and Susan (Burkholder) Wolf. Christian Wolf, the father of Ezra B., was born and reared in Warwick township, son of Henry and Leah Wolf, the former of whom died when Christian was very small. The latter was reared to farm life, became a carpenter also, and was skilled in cabinet making, and had an undertaking establishment in the village of Schoeneck, where he died in 1881, at the age of fifty-eight years. As a cabinet maker and manufacturer of furniture he became well known and prosperous. He had a family of six children, namely: Salinda, deceased, who wedded John F. Harnish, of West Earl township; Henry, a car- penter and undertaker, at Lincoln ; Ezra B., our sub- ject; Susan, the widow of Jacob E. Shirk, of Stev- ens ; Mary, the widow of J. M. Millinger, of Denver ; Emma, the wife of T. G. Burkholder, of Denver. The mother of this family also resides in Denver. Ezra B. Wolf was reared on the farm, and learned the cabinet-making trade, taking naturally to work- ing in wood. He became his father's most skilled assistant. Before he was sixteen years old he had learned the details of the undertaking business, and had become so competent that his father regardd him as worthy of excellent wages. When about twenty-two years of age he succeeded to his father's business at Schoeneck and later established a branch at Denver, resulting in his removal to the latter place in 1883. Since that time Mr. Wolf has been promi- nently identified with the progress and development of this town, first engaging in the furniture and un- dertaking business which he carried on some years, but later dropped the furniture line and now conducts a first-class undertaking business, being a graduate of two embalming schools. In 1895, in association with Dr. S. G. Burk- holder, he purchased the leading newspaper in this section. The Press, which had been established in 1890 by Myers & Lutz, Mr. Myers succeeding the above named firm, and in turn being succeeded by our subject and Dr. Burkholder as stated. At that time it was a single sheet journal of some six or seven columns, which has been transformed into a double sheet paper of eight pages, which is issued weekly. In 1896 Mr. Wolf assumed entire con- trol and has ably conducted it ever since, giving its patrons one of the best edited and most satisfactory papers of this locality. As a wise measure in a grow- ing community, the paper is non-partisan and hence can comment without bias on general events of inter- est, while it can be made a power in the upbuilding of the borough. In 1900 the village of Denver was made a borough, and Mr. Wolf was a very important factor in effecting the desired change. He is pres- ident of the board of education, and his public-spir- ited efforts meet with the commendation of the public. The first marriage of Mr. Wolf was to Miss Liz- zie Eberly, daughter of Isaac Eberly. Her death occurred in 1890, her two children preceding her. The second marriage of Mr. Wolf was to Mrs. Linda Yeager, widow of John Yeager, and daughter of John Fahnestock, of Warwick township. The three children born to this union are : Mary Esther, Ray- mond Hobson and Christian Herbert. Both Mr. and Mrs. Wolf are members of the U. B. Church, in which he is trustee and steward, and to which he is a liberal contributor. Fraternally Mr. Wolf is con- nected with Chandler Lodge, No. 227, F. & A. M., of Reading ; Cocalico Lodge, No. 408, I. O. O. F. ; Cocalico Lodge, No. 400, K. of P. ; Camp 13, of Den- ver, P. O. S. of A. ; and Lodge No. 205, K. of G. E. Mr. Wolf has done much for the borough of Den- ver in the way of improvement of real estate, and has erected a number of handsome edifices, among them being two dwellings, a store building, the building occupied by The Press, also offices for lodge rooms of various kinds, and others which are among the best in Denver. He was one of the principal con- tributors to the present U. B. Church building, and also to the public school. His commercial and per- sonal standing is very high in the young city where he has chosen his home, and where he has many friends. SAMUEL G. ENGLE, one of the well known and highly esteemed farmers and dairymen of East Donegal township, Lancaster county, is located one and one-half miles from Marietta, Pa., where he suc- cessfully conducts a most prosperous business. The Engle family is one of the oldest in the county, the early records reaching back to 1754, when Ulric and Anna (Brechtbill) Engle left their home in Switzer- land and came to the United States, locating in Penn- sylvania. Their numerous descendants have scat- tered over the Union. Samuel G. Engle was born on the old homestead in East Donegal March 7, 1850, a son of Daniel and Mary (Kraybill) Engle, of Conoy and East Donegal townships, respectively. The two-story brick resi- dence upon the homestead was built by Daniel En- gle in 1874, and both he and his wife died here, the former in August, 1888, at the age of seventy-five, the latter in November, 1900, aged eighty-four. Both had been valued members of the religious de- nomination known as River Brethren. Daniel Engle was a very intelligent and progressive man, much interested in educational matters, and was one of the first school directors of his district, when the free school system was put into operation. He was the originator of the Marietta Nursery Co., of East IJonegal, in 1853, locating it on the o'ld homestead, and he conducted it successfully for many years, finally retiring and leaving it in the capable hands BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 837 of his two sons, Hiram G. and John G., it now being operated by the latter. The children born to Daniel Engle and wife were: Fanny, who married John B. Brenneman, a groceryman, of York; Barbara, who married Henry S. Garber, of Mt. Joy ; Hiram, deceased ; John G. ; Samuel, of this sketch ; and Dan- iel G., the postmaster of Marietta, Pa. The pater- nal grandfather of Samuel G. Engle was John Engle, of Conoy township, whose wife belonged to the Myers family ; he was a farmer and died in 1861. The maternal grandparents were Christian and Mary (Nissley) Kraybill, farmers of Lancaster county. Samuel G. Engle was reared in an agricultural family and neighborhood, and acquired his educa- tion in the public schools, remaining at home and farming on the old homestead for eighteen years, and coming to the present fine farm in October, 1896, where he has since conducted an excellent dairy in connection with his farming operations. For six years he served as school director, and has always cast his influence in the direction of morality in his neighborhood. In politics Mr. Engle is a pro- nounced Republican, but has never consented to hold political office. The marriage of Samuel G. Engle occurred on Dec. 3, 1874, in East Donegal township, when Miss Mary B. Bossier became his bride. One daughter, Mary B., has been born of this union. Mrs. Engle was born in West Donegal township, a daughter of Christian and Ann (Brenneman) Bossier, the form- er of whom was a farmer of East Donegal township, where the family is well known. Mr. Engle is a worthy representative of an old and numerous Lan- caster family, and possesses the respect of the com- munity in which he lives, and where he has shown that he is an honest and upright citizen. ELIZABETH M. KENDIG, whose attractive ice-cream and confectionery parlors are located at No. 132 North Duke street, Lancaster, can boast of having Revolutionary ancestry in both paternal and maternal lines. Henry Kendig, her grandfather, was a veterinary surgeon of Lampeter township, where he lived and died, as did his father before him. John Kendig, son of Henry, was a farmer of Providence township, and died in September, 1884. He married Elizabeth String, daughter of John String, a tailor of New Providence, and nine chil- dren were born of this union, five of whom are liv- ing, as follows : Hiram S., of Lancaster, a veteran of the war of the Rebellion : Samuel, a farmer and tax collector of the township of Providence ; John B., a contracting painter of Covington, Ky. ; Elizabeth M. ; Louisa S., who makes her home with Miss Eliz- abeth. Elizabeth M. Kendig was born on the old home- stead near New Providence, and, coming to Lancas- ter, entered the confectionery establishment of George R. Erisman, later becoming connected with the confectionerv of the late R. H. Anderson. After the death of the latter Miss Kendig, on July 11, 1898, bought the confectionery store of Mr. Eris- man, on North. Queen street, and on April i, 1899, she removed to No. 132 North Duke street, where her business soon increased to double its proportions. Miss Kendig's goods soon became noted throughout the community for their excellence; and this fact, coupled with her courtesy and promptness, has won a host of patrons, and the store is justly noted as one of the leading confectionery marts of the city. WILLIAM H. WOLF, a favorite railroad con- ductor at Columbia, was born in York county Feb. 20, 1849, son of Hon. William W. and Agnes G. (Smith) Wolf, of New Holland, who were the par- ents of eight children, viz: Abner, who died in Fort Desula, Dak., while in the United States service as scout ; Flora, deceased wife of Emanuel Hoppen- stal; Agnes, widow of Jonathan Schenberger, who was killed on the railroad at S2nd St., Philadelphia, Pa. ; William H. ; Adam, carpenter at Wrightsville ; John, killed on the Pennsylvania railroad at West Philadelphia ; Mary, wife of George L. Fox, of Cam- den, N. J. ; and Sarah, wife of James Patton, ticket and freight agent for the Pennsylvania Railroad Co. at Little Washington. Hon. William W. Wolf, son of Adam Wolf, a farmer and general merchant in York county, also became a farmer and general merchant. He was tlie founder of Mount Wolf Station on the North Cen- tral Railroad, and was the agent of the Railroad Company at that station for many years. He was for a long time a justice of the peace, represented his district in the State Legislature one term, was commissioner of York county several terms, and at the time of his death, which occurred in 1865, at the age of forty-nine years, was serving as sheriff of York county. His widow died in 1892, aged sev- enty-six years. Both had been consistent members of the Lutheran Church. Mrs. Agnes G. (Smith) Wolf was a daughter of Philip and Mary Smith, of York county, where the former was a prosperous farmer, and one of the earliest pilots on the Susque- hanna River. William H. Wolf remained on the home farm until fourteen years of age, then attended Cottage Hill school at York four years. After leaving school he served an apprenticeship of two years at the tin- smith's trade, but relinquished it and ran ore cars for the Henry Clay furnace for two years. On Oct. 24, 1870, he came to Columbia, and for sixteen months was brakeman for the Pennsylvania Railroad Co., was next a flagman until 1883, and was then promoted to conductor, a position he still holds. Mr. Wolf has been twice married. He first wedded, in York, Pa., Jan. 9, 1870, Miss Mel- vina Peters, who was born in York county, a daughter of Jacob and Lillie A. Peters, the former a shoemaker. Mrs. Melvina Wolf passed away in November, 1884, the mother of four chil- dren, viz: John (deceased), Charles, Jeanette and 838 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Edward (deceased). The second marriage of Mr. Wolf took place Sept. i6, 1891, at Camden, N. J., to Miss Sallie A. Milton, but no children have been born to this union. ■ Mrs. Sallie A. Wolf is a daughter of William and Louisa (Kennedy) Milton, natives, respectively, of Columbia and York counties. Pa. Her father was in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Co. four- teen years, of which period' he was eight years a con- ductor. He served three years in the 20th P. V. C. in the war of the Rebellion, and then received an honorable discharge. He was a member of the order of Red Men, and died in Columbia, June 24, 1878, at the early age of thirty-four years. His widow, who was born in August, 1849, still resides in Columbia, and is now the wife of Joseph L. Deemer, of that city. To Mr. and Mrs. William Milton were born six children, viz : Sallie A. (Mrs. Wolf) ; Charles H., deceased; Mary A., widow of Thomas Donnan; Georgianna, deceased ; Ida M., wife of Howard Clin- ton ; and Alice C, who married George W. Kiss- inger, of Lancaster, and died leaving one son, Jos- eph F. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Sallie A. Wolf were Isaac M. and Mary A. (O'Freeold) IMilton, of Kentucky, who came to Columbia in 1842, the former being then a manufacturer of oil-cloth. Here both passed the remainder of their lives. The maternal grandparents of Mrs. Wolf were Samuel and Sarah (Harman) Nefif, of York county, where his death took place, but that of his wife occurred in Lancaster, and her remains were interred in Co- lumbia. William H. Wolf and his family are members of the Lutheran church, and in social circles are held in the highest esteem. Mr. Wolf is a member of the P. R. R. Relief, and also belongs to Lodge No. 134, B. P. O. E., of Lancaster, and to Lodge No. 331, O. R. C, Columbia, besides several social clubs in the latter place. He is in politics a Democrat, but has never condescended to seek a public office. . WILLIAM MEHL, assistant yardmaster of the Pennsylvania Railroad Co. at Columbia, Pa., was born in Odersbach, Weilburg, Province of Nassau, Gei-many, May 30, 1852, a son of John C. and Maria C. (Hoin) Mehl, who landed in New York City June 4, 1853, ^^'^ came thence to Lancaster, Pa., re- maining there until April 7, 1870, when they located in Columbia. John C. Mehl was a stonemason and also carried on a marble and monument yard. He died in 1871, in the faith of the German Lutheran Church, at the age of forty-seven years ; and his widow passed away in 1898, aged sixty-two. They were the parents of six children, the eldest of whom is William, whose name opens this sketch. The others are: Frank, who succeeded to his father's business at the old stand ; Henry, who ran away when fifteen years old, made a trip around the world, returned home and started on a second trip, and it is supposed was lost at sea; Mary, married to Matthias Swartz, hotel- keeper at Columbia; George, a clerk in Lancaster; and Miss Louisa, living on the old homestead. William Mehl, in 1864, left school, and for two years worked in the cotton factory at Lancaster. He next served an apprenticeship of three years at cigarmaking, and in 1869 obtained a situation with the Pennsylvania Railroad Co. at packing tools for a crew of stone masons, so continuing until the spring of 1870, when he began stone cutting' with his father, remaining until the death of the latter, when he took charge of and managed the business until October, 1876. He was next a brakeman for the railroad company until 1879, flagman until 1881, then a conductor for ten years. For several years he was employed in super- numerary work in the yards, and in July, 1897, was promoted to the position of assistant yardmaster. Mr. Mehl has been twice married. His first wed- ding took place March i, 1881, in Columbia, when he married Tillie Retheiser, who was born in Colum- bia, and who died Jan. 10, 1882, at the age of twenty- one years, without issue. The second wedding took place Oct. 31, 1883, when Josephine M. Retheiser, a sister of his first wife, became his bride. To this union have been born four children, viz : William H., Tillie R., John C. and Daniel R. Daniel Retheiser, the father-in-law of Mr. Mehl, was born in Bavaria, Germany, Jan. 15, 1839, a son of Jacob and Margaret H. Retheiser, who came to America in 1840, and settled in Columbia, Pa. Jacob was a laborer and died in 1848, a member of the German Lutheran church, aged forty-one years, and the father of two children. Daniel, and William, of York county. Mrs. Retheiser was next married to John Wonder, to whom she bore one child, John, a brakeman in Columbia. Mrs. Wonder was born in 1815, and died in 1865, also in the faith of the Luth- eran church. Daniel Retheiser lived with his parents until he was seventeen years old, and then learned the trade of shoemaking, which he followed until his death, June 9, 1902. He had always made Columbia his home, with the exception of five years, 1858 to 1863, passed in Driftwood, Pa. On Jan. 2, i860, he mar- ried, in Ridgway, Elk Co., Pa., Theresa Berry, and to this union were born Tillie, deceased wife of Will- iam Mehl, whose name opens this article ; Josephine M., now Mrs. Mehl ; Annie, married to Harry Upp, a telegrapher in Philadelphia; Catherine, wife of Edward Seafalls, a compositor on the New York Herald; William, a machinist in the same metropo- lis ; Elizabeth, wife of Edward Roche, a druggist in Frenchtown, N. J. ; Jennie, wife of John Musser, assistant superintendent of a shirt factory in Scran- ton, Pa. ; and Emma, also in Scranton. Theresa (Berry) Retheiser was born in Ger- many March 31, 1840, a daughter of Benedict and Margaret Berry, who came to the United States in 1846, and settled in St. Marys, Elk Co., Pa., where the father is engaged in farming. William Mehl, like all the members of his fam- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 839 ily, is a Lutheran in religion. In politics he is inde- pendent, being capable of thinking and judging for himself. He is a member of the Brotherhood of Railroad Conductors, by whom he is greatly re- spected, and he stands equally high in the esteem of the public at large. C. H. HILTON, who is one of the successful farmers of Little Britain township, was born March 27, 1855, a son of William and Elizabeth (Warren) Hilton, of Drumore township, this county. Joseph Hilton, his grandfather, was a farmer of Drumore township, and he reared a family of seven children, all of whom, with himself, were respected members of their various localities. The children were : Lewis, Joseph, Daniel, George, William, Mary and Elizabeth. During life William Hilton, the father of C. H. Hilton, was an industrious, honest and upright man, for a number of years considered a most reliable workman at his trade of carpenter. His death oc- curred in 1882, and his widow resides with her son. Four children were born to William Hilton and wife : C. H. : Ella, the wife of Erastus Hastings, of Phila- delphia ; Laura, deceased : and Viola, the wife of Henry Clendennin, of Oxford. C. H. Hilton, who now is one of the substantial and representative citizens of Little Britain, was reared to the duties of a farmer boy, and attended the district schools. From youth he has been very in- dustrious, and he is now the owner of considerable valuable property, consisting of the home farm, com- prising 102 acres, with excellent residence and com- modious barns, and also a house, lot and paying blacksmith shop at Mechanics Grove, in East Dru- more township. For a period of five years Mr. Hil- ton carried on a mercantile business, at Mechanics Grove, but in 1887 he came to the home farm, after a short time in Peters Creek, where he also had a general store. Until quite recently Mr. Hilton has been engaged in the creamery business, in connection with his farming. On July 19, 1877, Mr. Hilton was married to Miss Mary Eberly, of East Drumore township, a daughter of Abraham and Elizabeth (Herr) Eberly, and was born April 4, 1856. By trade Abraham Eberly is a wheelwright. In 1862 he was a volun- teer in the service of his country. Retired from active life now, both he and wife are spending their advancing years in ease at their old home in East Drumore township. They reared a family of seven children : Susan, wife of Wilson Walker, of Providence township ; Martha, wife of Morris Shoe- maker, of Lancaster; Sarah, wife of Samuel Whit- mer, of Quarryville; Daniel, who lives in Mount Hope ; Mary, wiie of Mr. Hilton ; Henry, who lives in Providence township ; and Catherine, wife of John H. Herr, of East Drumore township. Seven children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Hilton: Linnie L., born Jan. 22, 1878; Laura Emma, born March 4, 1882 ; William Roy, born Aug. I, T887; Ada A., born April 10, 1889; Elsie May, born May 12, 1893 ; Grace Ruth, born June 21, 1896 ; and Eberly Frank Gillispie, born June 21, 1902. Like his father, Mr. Hilton has been a life-long member of the Democratic party, and all of his fam- ily, including himself, are members in good stand- ing in the Presbyterian Church at Little Britain. In Fulton township he enjoys the respect and esteem of his neighbors, where he is known as an honest, up- right man, a good neighbor, a kind friend and an exemplary member of society. DANIEL N. FORREY, a general farmer and much respected citizen of Rapho township, Lan- caster county, was born Feb. 8, 1856, in the town where his honorable and useful life is passing, a son of John and Mary (Newcomer) Forrey. His fa- ther was born in 181 5 in Manor township, his mother in Rapho ; they are now living retired in Rapho town- ship. Both are members of the Mennonite Church. Mr. Forrey was for some years a director of the First National Bank of Columbia. His general reputation for integrity and ability has been well sustained through life, whenever he has come into contact with important business interests, and he is regarded as one of the substantial and reliable citi- zens of Rapho township. To John and Mary For- rey were born the following named children : Cath- erine married Ezra Hostetter, a farmer of West Hempfield township; Lizzie married Jacob Snyder, and they live retired in Mt. Joy, Pa. ; Anna N. is the wife of Harry Buckwalder, a farmer in Penn town- ship ; Isaac N. lives in East Donegal township ; Amos N. is a farmer on the old homestead, where his father still resides; Harry N. is in the creamery business m York county ; Mamie N. is the wife of Eli Garber, the proprietor of a creamery near Lititz, Pa. ; Emma married John Minnich, a farmer in West Hempfield township; Daniel N. is the gentleman whose name introduces these lines. Daniel Forrey, the paternal grandfather of Dan- iel N. Forrey, married a Kauffman; both were na- tives of Lancaster county. Daniel N- Forrey was married Nov. 11, 1875, in Lancaster, to Catherine B. Nissley, by whom he has had the following children, all the survivors being at home: John N. ; Simon N.; Daniel N. ; Ellen N. ; Lillie N. ; Emma N. ; Clayton N. and Norman N., deceased ; Walter N. ; and Oliver N. Mrs. Catherine B. (Nissley) Forrey was born in West Hempfield township Dec. 2, 1854, daughter of Christian E. and Fanny (Borneman) Nissley. The father, who was born in West Hempfield township,- was a retired farmer in Salunga,- for the last ten vears of his life, and there died Oct. 29, 1889, at the age of seventy years, nine months, seven days. The mother, who was born in East Donegal township, died in 1804, at the age of sixty-three years. They were members of the Mennonite Church, and people of much respectability and good standing in the community. At one time Mr. Nissley served very 840 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY acceptably , as school director. Christian E. and Fanny Nissley had the following children : Henry B., a resident of East Donegal township ; Samuel B., a farmer, living on the old homestead; Jonas B., a farmer in East Donegal township ; Anna B., wife of John Stehman, a farmer located near Lancaster Junction ; Catherine B., Mrs. Forrey ; Fanny B., who married Amos Shelly, and lives at Mt. Joy; Emma B., who married Witmer Rohrer, a bookkeeper in Lancaster ; and Ellen B., unmarried, who makes her home with her sister, Mrs. Shelly. Mrs. Forrey's paternal grandparents, Samuel and Catherine Niss- ley, were life-long residents of Lancaster county. Daniel N. Forrey remained at home with his par- ents until after his marriage, and was reared to farming. When he married he was given part of the old homestead, consisting of a tract of seventy acres, and there he built a residence, farm buildings, etc. During the passing years he has become quite well-to-do, and holds a fine position as a man, a citi- zen and a farmer in the community in which he is passing his peaceful and useful life. In religion he and his family are members of the Mennonite Church, and in politics Mr. Forrey holds strongly to Republican views. HENRY BARTON, deceased. Every locality has its list of well remembered names, representative of those of its esteemed and useful citizens who have passed out of life, and one of those long familiar in Upper Leacock township was Henry Barton, whose integrity of character and sterling worth made him conspicuous during life. Mr. Barton was born Feb. i6, 1803, since which date the country and even the county he loved so well and served so faithfully have made great and won- derful strides. The Barton family is an old and hon- ored one, far back to the time when three brothers left England and first located in Scotland, where they established shipyards. Later their descandants went to County Tyrone, Ireland, and thence in 1772 John Barton, the grandfather of Henry, came to America with his brothers James and Samuel. James settled in the Tuscarora Valley, Samuel settled in Virginia, and John made his permanent home in Upper Lea- cock township, Lancaster county. John Barton, son of John, married Isabella Vegan, who was a native of Vogansville, this county. By a previous marriage, to a Miss Redick, he had three children, John, Robert and Sarah, and to this second marriage the following children were born: Mar- garet, who married Mark Connell ; Leah, who mar- ried Robert Cormell ; Rachel, twin of Leah, who died at the age of seventy-nine unmarried ; Isaac ; Samuel ; Henry ; James ; Eliza, who married Archimedides Robbs ; and William. John Barton, the father of this family, was a na- tive of County Donegal, Ireland, and came to Amer- ica at the age of eighteen years, landing at New Castle, Del. There he remained five years, engaged in teaching school, and in 1787 came to Lancaster county, taking up his residence in Leacock township. Fanning did not occupy all of his time, and he be- came a drover, often driving his cattle all the wa.y from his farm to Philadelphia. At the time of his death, in 1853, at the age of eighty-nine years, he owned two fine farms, was a wealthy and prominent man, and had served for a long period as county com- missioner. Henry Barton, son of John (2), was born on the farm in Upper Leacock township which is owned and operated by his son, William H. His entire life was given to agricultural pursuits and to the advance- ment of the material interests of his family, county and State, and in the meantime he also built up a reputation for honesty and integrity which will long reflect credit upon all who bear his name. Mr. Bar- ton was particularly interested in educational mat- ters, and consented to serve as school director for a period of six years. He died July 21, 1885. Henry Barton was married Feb. 20, 1845, i" Philadelphia, by Rev. Thomas Clark, to Miss Mar- garet L. Simon, and the following named children were bom to this union : John C, who is in the life insurance business in New Holland, Pa., married Anna Rutter; William H., who is farming the old homestead, married Nellie Burwell ; and Miss Lizzie I. resided with her mother until the latter's death, Sept. 21, 1901. Mrs. Margaret L. (Simon) Barton was born in Philadelphia, Pa., July 17, 1809, and at the time of her death was one of the esteemed residents of Me- chanicsburg, this county. She was a daughter of David and Elizabeth (Ireton) Simon, the former a noted teacher of music, who instructed in one of the academies. In politics Mr. Barton was a firm advocate of Democratic principles, but was no politician. Both he and wife were long leading members of the Pres- byterian Church. The family is one of the most sub- stantial and highly esteemed in the township, and Mr. Barton was recognized as one of its representa- tive men. CHARLES FONDERSMITH STAUFFER, one of the leading general contractors of Lancaster, and a man widely known throughout the State, was born Oct. 8, 1869, on the farm of his father, located near Florin, Mt. Joy township, consisting of one hundred acres, one of the most highly cultivated and substantially improved farms in the county at that time. He is the son of John Forney and Clara S. (Fondersmith) Stauflfer. John Forney Stauffer, who was at one time one of the most efficient Street Commissioners Lancaster has ever had, was born in Penn township Aug. 6, 1845, son of Benjamin Miller and Sophia (Forney) Stauffer. He was reared in his native place, edu- cated in the celebrated Beck School at Lititz, learned the trade of miller, operated the Bossier Mill for two years, an4 retired from active life until 1872. In that year he removed to Lancaster and became a BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 841 railroad contractor and sewer builder, being ex- tensively employed throughout the State. On April I, 1894., he was elected Street Commissioner, and held that office for four terms. At present he is ac- tively engaged in the manufacture of electric fans and motors. His political opinions make him a stalwart supporter of the principles of Republican- ism. Socially he is connected with the Royal Ar- canum. He was Warden of Trinity Lutheran Church for three years, and is an earnest worker in and mem- ber of that body. Johannus Stauffer, the great-grandfather of John F. Stauffer, and great-great-grandfather of Charles F., was a native of Switzerland, who came to Amer- ica in 1700, built the large stone mill at White Oak, Penn township, and conducted it as long as he lived. Upon his death his son, John, inherited the property. His son, Benjamin M., in the course of time, came into possession of this mill, when twenty-one years of age. In 1856 he was elected Register of Lancas- ter county on the Republican ticket and so disposed of the property, purchasing a farm near Mt. Joy. He cultivated this farm with great success from 1859 to 1863, when he bought the old Bossier Mill near Manheim, on Chickies creek, but in 1868 he disposed of his interest therein and returned to Mt. Joy. He later resided in Lititx, where he died in 1897. He married Miss Sophia Forney, who was born in Earl township, daughter of John Forney, and was a cousin of John W. Forney, the founder of the Phila- delphia Press. Her father was the proprietor of the "Forney Inn," on the Reading road, and there made his home for a number of years. Mrs. Benjamin M. Stauflfer died in 1884, leaving two chil- dren : John F., the ex-Street Commissioner of Lan- caster; and Benjamin, a member of the Board of Trade, Chicago. On- Nov. 25, 1868, John Forney Stauffer was married to Miss Clara S. Fondersmith, the youngest daughter of John and Catherine (Reed) Fonder- smith, of Lancaster, and two children were born of this union, Charles F. and B. Grant, the latter secre- tary and treasurer of the Towle Manufacturing Com- pany. Mrs. John Forney Stauffer's great-great-grand- father was Ludwig von-der Schmitt, a descendant of the Royal House of Hessen-Darmstadt, who was a manufacturer of guns in Germany for the Govern- ment. He came to this country about 1749 and set- tled in Strasburg township, Lancaster county, where his son, John Fondersmith, manufactured guns for the war "of 181 2, at Fondersmithville. Gov. Pow- nall, in his journal, speaks of passing through Lan- caster county in 1754, and of a manufactory of guns for which the county was celebrated, it being the business of John Fondersmith, a manufacturer of "defensive arms" for the Revolutionary patriots. John Fondersmith, Esq., father of Mrs. John F. Stauffer, and grandfather of Charles Fondersmith Stauffer, was one of the most prominent and esteemed citi.^ens of Lancaster. He died at his resi- dence, No. 303 East King street, Sept. 27 1874. He was elected clerk of the court of Quarter Sessions in 1842 by the Republican party, having been a stanch Republican, and twice the nominee of that j)arty for mayor. Although firm in his principles, he was much respected by men of all parties, being a man of superior intelligence, strict moral character and fine social traits. He was the owner of one of the pioneer stores of Lancaster, "Fondersmith's Corner," at East King and Shippen streets, having been as familiar to the people of Lancaster City and county as was Centre Square. Charles Fondersmith Stauffer was taken from the farm, when but one year old, to Mt. Joy, and after two years to Lancaster, Pa., where he was edu- cated first in the public schools and later at the Epis- copal Parish School, Yeates Institute and the high school, from which he was graduated. After leaving school he entered the employ of Hager & Bro.'s car- pet house, in Lancaster, and there remained for two years. In the spring of 1889 he became associated with his father in contracting, and eighteen months later engaged in business for himself, with offices in Penn Square, Philadelphia. Mr. Stauffer has built the roads and avenues and executed the landscape work on the Drexel tracts at Overbrook, Wayne Es- tate, at Wayne and St. David's, and Robert Smith Es- tate, at Strafford. He has also been extensively employed in railroad work, grading and bridge con- struction of various kinds, in many localities. Among the railroads for which he has employed his talents may be mentioned the Reading Terminal Company, Pennsylvania Railway Company, Phila- delphia, Wilmington & Baltimore Railway Com- pany, Chambersburg & Gettysburg Railway Com- pany, New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad Company, and Philadelphia & Reading Railway Company. He has in addition to all this notable work left specimens of his sewerage, street paving and res- ervoir work at York, Philadelphia, Chicago, Provi- dence and Lancaster, and has laid out many of the beautiful landscape gardens to be found in and about Philadelphia. Many private country places along the main line of the Pennsylvania railroad owe their beauty of surroundings to Charles F. Stauffer's work. He erected the large boulder at Gulf Mills, marking the point at which the Continental Army, under Gen. Washington, ceased retreating, and re- constructed the landscape about the church at old St. David's, which Longfellow named "The Little Church Among the Graves," where Anthony Wayne is buried and Gen. Washington attended services during his stay at Valley Forge. The Continental and British armies both used this church as a hos- pital, the Continental army having cut the leaded windows out to make bullets. The Main street at Jenkintown ; the landscape, drives and lawns, rustic walks and bridges, at the "Beachwood Inn," and the private grounds of country places of Philadelphia millionaires along the Philadelphia and Reading railroad all show his work. He is at present en- 842 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ^aged in the paving of soms of the main thorough- fares and the constructing of sewers for the city of Lancaster, and is also constructing a large lake for boating and skating, and a general landscape work, incident to the making of a Park, for the Long's Park Commission of Lancaster. In addition to his other interests, Mr. Stauffer is Director of the Towle Manufacturing Company. In religious matters he belongs to Old Trinity Lutheran Church, of whose vestry he is a member. Like his ancestors, Mr. Stauffer is a stanch Republican, and takes an inter- est in local affairs, but has never desired or sought office, preferring to devote all his time and attention to his business. Socially he is a member of the F. O. E., B. P. O. E., the Lancaster Maennerchor, Hamilton Club, Young Men's Republican Club, Citizen's Republican Club and other like organiza- tions, in all of which he is very popular. Although a young man, Mr. Stauffer has already made a record in his business of which he may well be proud, and judging the future by the light of the past, his success in time to come will be even greater, for he possesses the requisite qualities — energy, fore- sight and ability — to grasp opportunities when of- fered, and a thorough knowledge of his work. Out- side his business connections Mr. Stauffer has many friends, and is popular with all on account of the genial manner and pleasant attributes he possesses, and the kindly courtesy he accords those with whom he is brought into contact. WILLIS GROSS KENDIG, Esq., one of the younger members of the Lancaster Bar, comes from old and honored stock. John Kendig, his great- grandfather, came to America from Switzerland and settled in Lancaster county, and there his son, Daniel Kendig, was an ironmaster, owning much landed estate at Safe Harbor, this county. Dr. Benjamin E. Kendig, son of Daniel, is a pop- ular practicing physician at Salunga. He married Barbara Stauffer, daughter of John Stauffer, a farm- er of Manor township, and of this union seven chil- dren were born, four of whom are living, as follows : Jerome S., a physician of Salunga ; John D., a dentist at Manheim ; Willis G. ; and Esther C, who conducts a private kindergarten at Marietta. Willis Gross Kendig was born at Salunga Sept. 23, 1874, and was educated in the public schools of the district, at the State Normal School at Millers- ville, and at Franklin and Marshall College. Then he studied dentistry for two years with his brother, who was at that time practicing in Shamokin. Re- turning to Lancaster, Mr. Kendig taught school for four years, in Conoy and West Hempfield townships, and then became a law student with Eugene G. Smith, Esq., now Judge of the Orphans court of Lancaster county. He was admitted to practice March 30, 1901. On June 19, 1901, Mr. Kendig was married to Miss Henrietta M. Hassert, daughter of the late John Hassert, a prominent grocer of Philadelphia, and they live in a charming home at No. 232 South Ann street. Mrs. Kendig is a lineal descendant of William the Conqueror; the original name of the family was Hazzard, instead of Hassert, as now written. Mr. Kendig belongs to no secret societies. His religious connection is with the First M. E. Church of Lancaster. Courteous at all times, devoted to his profession, and sterling in his character, he has every promise of a bright, useful and successful fu- ture. ISAAC H. WEAVER, one of the prominent and well-to-do citizens of Lancaster, and one of the most extensive dealers of leaf tobacco in this part of the county, is indebted for his success solely to his own efforts, to sterling integrity and due regard for the best interests of those with whom he has to deal. He was. born in West Lampeter, this county, April 17, 1864, and from his parents, Isaac and Martha (Hoover) Weaver, inherited habits of thrift and enterprise. The mother died in Fertility, East Lampeter, March 20, 1894, at the age of sixty-nine, and was buried in Longnecker's cemetery, connected with the Mennonite Church, of which she was a de- vout member. The father, a retired farmer, who oWns several fine country properties, and was very successful during his active life, is living in East Lampeter at the age of seventy-eight, having been born in April, 1824. He also is a member of the Mennonite Church, and is prominent in the locality where he has lived for so many years. To himself and wife were born : Susan, who married Jacob L. Houser, a farmer of West Lampeter; Mary, de- ceased wife of E. H. Denlinger ; Emma, who became the wife of S. O. Frantz, farmer and manager of the New Ideal Seat Company of Rohrerstown, Pa. ; and Isaac H. Until his twenty-fourth year Isaac H. Weaver lived on the paternal farm, assisting his father in the manifold duties there presented, at the same time acquiring a liberal education at the district schools. His first outside business venture was as a buyer of leaf tobacco, in which occupation he has since ac- quired such pronounced success. Until Jan. i, 1890, he purchased for others in the business, but after that he bought a tobacco business in Lancaster and at Strasburg, which he has since continued to con- duct, and, in connection therewith, two other branch- es, located respectively at Dayton, Ohio, and West Carrollton, Ohio, which have also profited by his ad- rnirable management. In March, 1901, he bought his present warehouse, on North Prince .street, where he employs fifty hands. In his Ohio houses he em- ploys as many as seventy-five hands. He handles great quantities of leaf tobacco annually, and is an expert in judging of the value of this popular weed. Mr. Weaver is active in the general affairs of his city, and among his other responsibilities is that of director of the Conestoga National Bank, to which position he was appointed in 1900. He is a Repub- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 848 lican in political affiliation, and fraternally is associ- ated with the Royal Arcanum and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. On Sept. 26, 1894, Mr. Weaver married Edith, daughter of Christian and Barbara Bachman, and a- native of Strasburg, Pa. Christian Bachman was born in Lancaster, Pa., and was an undertaker and furniture dealer of prominence during his active ca- reer. Two children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Weaver, Herbert B. and Edward B. Mr. Weaver is popular in business and social circles of Strasburg, and his many desirable and substantial personal char- acteristics have won and retained many friends. CHARLES L. MOENCH, who has throughout his active years been active in the ministry of the Moravian Church, was born Feb. 20, 1855, in Lititz, Lancaster county, son of William N. and Louise M. (Schneider) Moench. When about three years old he removed with his parents to Brooklyn, N. Y., where he spent his boyhood days, receiving his early education in the public schools of that city, and later attending the Moravian College and Theologi- cal Seminary at Bethlehem, Pa. He graduated from the latter institution in 1875, and after spending two years as teacher at Nazareth Hall took a post-gradu- ate course at Union Seminary, New York City. In May, 1878, he was ordained to the Moravian minis- try and served in pastoral charges at the following places: Blairstown, Iowa; Hopedale, Wayne Co., Pa. ; Philadelphia Second Church ; Lititz, Lancaster Co., Pa. ; and Philadelphia First Church, his present incumbency. In 1897 and 1898 he acted as Principal of Linden Hall Seminary, at Lititz. At the synod of the Church held at Lititz in 1898 Rev. Mr. Moench was elected and consecrated a Bishop, and besides discharging his duties as pastor and Bishop, he is at the present time serving as President of the Board of Trustees of Linden Hall Seminary, and President of the Board of Trustees of the Moravian College and Theological Seminary at Bethlehem, Pa. All in all he has proved himself an efficient worker in his chosen field, in the educational as well as the strictly spiritual interests of the Moravian Church, and his services have a distinctive value. EDGAR FILLMORE FULTON, merchant and postmaster at McSparran, Lancaster county, is a well-known and leading citizen. He was born in Cecil county, Md., May 4, 1856, a son of Minshell and Harriet Cecilia (Osborn) Fulton,, natives of Harford county, Maryland. John Fulton, his grandfather, was born in Lan- caster county and removed to Cecil county, Md., where he built the homestead where Edgar F., the subject of this sketch, was born and reared. The family is related to the great Robert Fulton, inventor of steamboats, and is of English origin. John Ful- ton, the grandfather, was the father of six children : Benjamin; Rachel, who is the wife of Theodore Marshall, resides in Cecil county, at the age of eighty- one years ; Cyrus and Mary, who died at about the ages of fourteen and sixteen years, respectively,; Elizabeth, who was the wife of John Brown, of Cecil county : and Minshell, who was born in Cecil county, Md., in 1823, and died in 1897. Minshell Fulton was the father of a family of four children: John, who is a farmer of Fulton town- ship ; Edgar F., of this sketch ; and William M. and Joseph, both residents of Cecil county. Edgar F. Fulton was married to Miss Hannah L. Reynolds, of Fulton township, Jan. 24, 1884. They have no children. Her sister Sarah is the wife of William Bicknell, of Fulton township. Mr. Fulton was reared on the farm and received his education in the public schools of Cecil county. After moving to Pennsylvania, he began, at the age of seventeen years to clerk in a country store in Kirk's Mills, Lancaster county. He remained there for three years, and then went back to Cecil county to engage in general merchandising for himself. He returned to Pennsylvania, and remained in Little Britain for four years, when he again moved, find- ing a home in McSparran, where he continues to reside. Mr. Fulton started out in life without a dol- lar, but by hard work and strict economy has accumu- lated a fair competency. He owns a good store property and stock of general merchandise; has a nice farm of ninety acres near McSparran, with first class improvements. In fact he is a leading business man of his neighborhood, and is regarded as a leader in the business and social circles of the entire section. He is a director and stockholder in the Oxford Na- tional Bank, at Oxford, Chester county, besides hav- ing other interests. EPHRAIM HULL SHAUB, assistant highway commissioner of Lancaster, is one of the best known men of that city. His grandfather, Christian Shaub, was a veteran in the service of the Pennsylvania Railway Company, having had charge of the station at Leaman Place for many years. His death oc- curred in Lancaster, in which city he had lived re- tired for a long period. Jacob H. Shaub, father of Ephraim H., is now living retired in Lancaster. He, too, served many years in the employ of the Pennsylvania Company, a great part of the time as a conductor. He married Hetty Ann Hull, who was a daughter of the late Jacob Hull, a pump manufacturer of Strasburg. Her mother was Lydia Potts, a member of the large and influential family of that name in southern Lancaster county. Two of her uncles were in the Pennsyl- vania railroad service also for a great many years, and one of them received a gold watch from the road for making a phenomenal run upon one occa- sion. Children as follows were born to Jacob H. Shaub and his wife : Two who have passed away ; Harry, who is chief engineer of the fire department of Lewistown, occupying also a responsible ' position with the Standard Steel Company of that place ; A. 844 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY A., who is connected with the Harrisburg Silk Mill ; Lydia, who is the wife of William Keller, of Lan- caster, a retired soldier, who served thirty-one years in the United States army, and was then retired as ordnance sergeant on two-thirds pay, the only in- stance of this kind in Lancaster county ; Ella, wife of George Kauffman; Anna C, a teacher in the pub- lic schools of Lancaster; and Ephraim H. In No- vember, 1901, the parents celebrated the fifty-first anniversary of their marriage, an event which created wide interest among their large circle of friends. Ephraim Hull Shaub was born in Conestoga Center, Jan. 29, 1854, and was educated in the pub- lic schools of Lancaster. His first employment was in one of the cotton mills in the city, where he re- mained for a period of five years, becoming then an apprentice in the printing business with Pearsol & Geist, and remaining in the employ of Mr. Geist for almost thirty-one years continuously, the connection being mutually pleasant and profitable. On April I, 1901, Mr. Shaub was made assistant highway commissioner of Lancaster, which position he fills with fidelity and ability. Mr. Shaub was married to Miss Susan B. Imhoff , a daughter of the late Jacob Imhoff, a distiller of Petersburg, and two children were born to this union : Leila M., at home ; and Esther M., at school. The family residence is a most comfortable one at No. 25 West James street, Lancaster, where both Mr. Shaub and his estimable wife delight to dis- pense hospitality. Fraternally Mr. Shaub belongs to the Order of American Mechanics and the Knights of Pythias. He is a generous supporter of Grace Lutheran Church. The family is well and favorably known throughout Lancaster, and personally, socially and politically, Ephraim H. Shaub is esteemed by his fel- low-citizens. C. S. ROWE, one of the well-known and re- spected citizens of Providence township, and the owner and operator of an excellent farm, was born in West Lampeter township, Oct. 8, 1854, son of John B. and Ann (Shaub) Rowe, both natives of Lancaster county. John B. Rowe, the father of C. S., was born in 1826, married, in 1852, Ann Shaub, who was born in 1 83 1, and they had a family of six children, viz. : C. S., our subject ; John M. of Drumore township ; and Misses Emma L., Mary, Amanda, and Franklin, all of Eden township. John B. Rowe was a farmer all his life, and he was a son of Adam Rowe, also a na- tive of Providence township, who had these chil- dren : Henry, John, Jacob, Elizabeth, Ann, Samuel and Adam. C. S. Rowe passed his boyhood days on the farm and in attendance upon the public schools. He has always been known as an energetic and industrious man, and is now reckoned among the best farmers of Providence township. He is a Republican in his political sentiments, and takes a deep interest in educational matters, serving for some time as one of the efficient directors of his township. On Nov. 7, 1878, Mr. Rowe was married to Miss Harriet Lyne, daughter of Simon and Ann (Ress- ler) Lyne, of StrasTiurg township, and this union has been blessed with three children, namely : Annie M., born March 24, 1880; Daisy A., bom May 29, 1882; and Myrtle E., born March 25, 1892. Mrs. Rowe was born June 8, 1S53, the others of her family be- ing as follows : Alfred, deceased ; John, a farmer of Drumore township; Susan, the wife of Wesley C. Shirk, a carpenter of Providence township; Emma, deceased; Martha, the wife of Aaron Conckle, of Providence township; and George, of East Drumore township. Mr. Rowe and family are held in high esteem in Providence township. He is notably honest and upright in his dealings with others, attends closely to his business, and carefully guards the welfare of his wife and children, living up to the high standard of Christian citizenship. DAVID K. PATTON, general farmer and ex-horse dealer, of Cambridge, Salisbury township, and one of its prominent and substantial citizens, was born in Salisbury township April 19, 1855, son uf Samuel and Anna (Mearing) Patton, of Salis- bury and East Earl townships, respectively. Samuel Patton was born in 1822, and was a car- penter by trade, but also followed farming and con- tinued engaged in the latter occupation until his retirement from activity, in 1882. Through his active life he was much interested in public and edu- cational matters, serving four years as school di- rector, and he now resides on his farm in East Earl township. The children born to Samuel and Anna (Mearing) Patton were as follows: Newton C, who is a coach manufacturer at Sherman, Texas; Emma, who married Adam Sullenberger, resides in Salisbury township ; David K., the subject of this sketch; Lizzie, deceased, the wife of Taylor Bair; Lydia, who married John Groff, a farmer near Des Moines, Iowa: Anna, who married Jacob Showal- ter, a farmer of New Holland; Cora, who married Addison Wanner, a farmer of Chester county, Pa. ; and Miss Amanda and Miss Mary, at home. The early life of David K. Patton was spent in farm work, and in attendance on the district schools of his locality. He remained at home until his marriage. In 1874 he began to learn the carpenter trade, with Josiah Hummel, in East Earl township, and followed this trade at various intervals for some six years, when he rented a farm of Levi Bard in West Earl township. This farm Mr. Patton re- tained for fifteen years, when he came to his present property. While living in West Earl township Mr. Patton dealt extensively in horses, and he is a very good judge of cattle and stock of all kinds. He was very prominent in township affairs, was school director and deacon in the Reformed Church. In BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 845 politics Mr, Patton is a Republican, and one of the most intelligent and well-read men of this locality. His interest in educational matters has always been deep, and he has given his children every possible advantage, his eldest daughter being afforded a col- legiate education. On Nov. 21, 1881, Mr. Patton was married to Emma A. Hahn, and the children born to this union were: Miss Mable B.; Mary A. H., who died young ; Park H., who died young ; Alma A., Pierce H. and Harold H., all at home. Mrs. Emma A. (Hahn) Patton was born in Hinkletown, Pa., in 1854, daughter of Chambers and Eliza (Carpenter) Hahn, of Hinkletown and Earl township, respectively. By trade Mr. Hahn was a carpenter who lived in retirement during the latter years of his life, his death occurring Feb. 6, 1901, at the age of seventy-three years. His burial was in the Bergstrasse Church cemetery, in Ephrata township. The mother of Mrs. Patton died in 1875, at the age of fifty-two years. She was a worthy member of the Lutheran Church, her husband be- ing connected with the Reformed Church. Their children were as follows: Frances, who married Elias Killean, of Reamstown ; Harvey, who is a car- penter, contractor and builder at Ephrata; Emma A., who is Mrs. Patton; Alice and Missouri, twins, the former the wife of Rolandus Buck, and the lat- ter the wife of Henry Miller, in the cigar business in Lancaster ; Roberta, who married John Brubaker, of Earl township ; Jacob, a prominent contractor in La Grange, 111. ; Elmer, an equally prominent con- tractor, in Cleveland, Ohio; Horace, deceased, also a skilled builder and contractor; and Hester, who died young. The paternal grandparents were Dan- iel and Frances (Shirk) Hahn, of Lancaster coun- ty, and those on the maternal side were Michael and Julia (Kline) Carpenter, also of Lancaster county, all of these names being associated with old and prominent families. FRANK S. GROFF, one of the younger mem- bers of the Lancaster Bar, is a well-known figure in the city of Lancaster. He is a descendant of Hans Groff, who settled near Groffdale, in West Earl township, Lancaster Co., Pa., where Christian Groff, the grandfather of Mr. Groff, was born. Christian Grofif married Susan, daughter of Valentine Ranck, who was one of the numerous family of that name living in Lancaster county. They had six children, Mary, Daniel, Jacob, Sam- uel, Christian and Isaac, of whom Mary is now the only survivor. She is the widow of James H. Rob- inson, and resides in Honey Brook township, Ches- ter Co., Pa. The Groffs and Rancks were members of the Mennonite Church. Daniel Groff was born June 12, 1816, in Honey Brook township, Chester Co., Pa., near Cambridge, and there spent his entire life. He married Rach- ael Edwards, daughter of David and Rachael Mc- Kinley Edwards, respected farming people of the same township. Eight children were born to them, to wit: David McKinley Groff is superintendent of the wheel department of the Columbia Wagon Company, and resides in Lancaster city ; he married Emma McCowan. Mary F. Groff (deceased) was married to George M. Robinson, of White Horse, Salisbury township, Lancaster Co., Pa. S. Lavinia Groff is the wife of Owen Guiney, a farmer of Honey Brook township, Chester Co., Pa. James H. Groff is a cattle dealer of Rapho township, Lan- caster Co., Pa; he married Annie Myers. Frank S. Groff is mentioned below. R. Josephine Groff is the wife of William Martin, of Parkersburg, Chester Co., Pa., who is in the service of the Penn- sylvania railroad. Daniel Clarence Groff is a farm- er near Haddonfield, N. J. ; he married Katie Wan- ner. Jacob Brinton Groff is a farmer of Honey Brook township, Chester Co., Pa.; he married Annie Guiney. Daniel Groff, the father of this family, was a miller by trade, but of later years took up the occupation of farming; He died Jan. 9, 1894. The mother, who survives, makes her home for the greater part of the time with her daughter, Mrs. Guiney. Frank S. Groff, whose name introduces this sketch, was born Aug. 13, 1861, at the old homestead in Honey Brook township, Chester Co., Pa., and re- ceived his education in the schools of Cambridge and Honey Brook. He afterward studied under private teachers, and when seventeen years of age became a teacher in the public schools, teaching eleven years in all, six years in Salisbury, two years in East Earl, two years in Earl and one year in Lea- cock townships, Lancaster Co., Pa. While a resi- dent of Salisbury township he served two years as tax collector and nine years as a justice of the peace, being first commissioned in May, 1889. On Nov. 15, 1889, he registered as a law student in the office of Brown & Hensel, and after two years of assiduous study passed the final examination and was admitted to practice in the courts of Lancaster county, Nov. 20, 1891. During the time he served as justice of the peace he transacted a great deal of civil and criminal business, and gained a practical insight of the law as practiced in justice courts. He resigned the office of justice of the peace in 1898, before the expiration of his last term, and located in Lancaster city, where he has devoted his time to the practice of law. He has been admitted to prac- tice in the Superior and Supreme courts of Pennsyl- vania and enjoys a lucrative practice. He is a mem- ber of the Library Association and the Lancaster County Bar Association. In 1898, in a triangular contest for District At- torney in the Republican nomination, viz.: W. T. Brown, Frank S. Groff and Thomas Whitson, Mr. Brown received the . nomination and was elected. Mr. Groff polled 8,180 votes, the largest vote ever received by a defeated candidate in a triangular contest for that office. During the canvass he formed a wide acquaintance among the voters of 846 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the county, and in the spring of 1901 he was nomi- nated for the ofHce of District Attorney by the Re- publican party of the county without opposition, and was elected in November, 1901, taking charge of the office in January, 1902. Mr. Groff is a firm believer in the principles of the Republican party, and during the Presidential and gubernatorial cam- paigns he actively engages in the work of teaching the principles of his party from the stump. Mr. Groff married Miss Ida R. Bowers, a daugh- ter of Levi and Lydia Bowers, of Salisbury town- ship, Lancaster Co., Pa., in 1881. Two children have been born to them: (i) Lowell E. Groff, born Jan. 9, 1882, attended Franklin and Marshall Academy for two years, and prepared to enter the college of that name, but instead left the academy and went on board the school ship "Saratoga," from which he graduated in October, 1900. He is now in the employ of the New York Telephone Com- pany, of New York City. (2) Ira P. Groff, who was born Aug. 10, 1886, is a student of the Lancas- ter City High School. GEORGE B. McGINNESS, now residing in Frederick City, Md., was a respected citizen of Columbia, where he was born May 25, 1862, and where he has spent the greater part of his life, hon- ored by all who know him because of his many sterling qualities of mind and heart. He is a son of John J. McGinness and his wife, Sarah Adair. John J. McGinness was a canal boatman, and was so highly esteemed by his fellow townsmen that for seventeen years he held the office of constable, discharging its duties with a courage, fidelity and intelligence which won for him unstinted praise. He died in May, 1875, shortly before completing his forty-ninth year. His wife had preceded him to the grave in 1869. Both were earnest Christians; he was a consistent member of the Presbyterian Church, while she was of the Lutheran faith. They were the parents of seven children, George B. being the fourth. John J., the eldest, as well as Grant and Sadie, the two youngest, are deceased. Al- fonso, the oldest living son, is a carpenter, living in Denver, Colo. Irene, the first born daughter, mar- ried Page Brown, who successfully conducts a laundry at Seattle, Wash. Anna is the widow of the late Frank Butzer, of Millersville. The marriage of George B. McGinness took place on Nov. 28, 1889, at Frederick City, Md., his bride being Miss Kate Jacobs, the eldest daughter of Emanuel and Louisa (Morgan) Jacobs, both of whom are yet living in Frederick. Mr. Jacobs was born July ri, 1845, and is a huckster. His wife came into the world Dec. 26, 1844. Both are mem- bers of the United Brethren Church. The younger brothers and sisters of Mrs. McGinness were Clara, John H., Ella M., Charles, Grover C. and Marshall. Clara is the widow of William J. Sturquel, of Balti- more, in which city John H. also has a home. Ella M. is Mrs. Robert Rippeon, of Frederick. The younger children, with exception of Marshall, who died in childhood, live with their parents, neither of them being married. To Mr. and Mrs. McGinness four children have been born : Sarah L., Anna E., John A. and Clara M. WILLIAM SPRENGER BARNHOLT, head of the firm of W. S. Barnholt & Co., correspondents of J. B. Fleshman & Co., commission and stock jobbers of Philadelphia, is one of the best known and most popular young men of Lancaster. He was born May 15, 1873, son of Edward Barnholt, who has been for many years past the leading de- tective of the city. In the fall of 1900 he purchased the "Mountville' Hotel," of which he took charge the following spring. Edward Barnholt married Emma Winters, daughter of Cyrus Winters, a prominent merchant tailor of Lancaster, and they have had eight children : William S., Cyrus W. and Adam, all three of whom have learned the art of telegraphy, and have followed it at times ; John S. ; Hay Brown ; Mabel ; Emma ; and Helen. William Sprenger Barnholt was educated in the common schools of Lancaster. Leaving school at the age of fifteen, he spent some time in Fraim's Lock Works, and then in Brown & Hensel's law offices, finally entering the office of the Western Union Telegraph Company as a messenger boy. There he remained until he was twenty-one years old, becoming a thorough master of the art and science of telegraphy. For four years he was with the Postal Telegraph Company, serving as manager the last two years, and then returned to the Western Union, to take the position of manager, which he held until 1898. That year he resigned, and he and his brother, Cyrus, became the correspondents of J. B. Fleshman & Co., opening an office at No. 43 North Queen street. After two years of unusual success they removed to the magnificent quarters they now occupy, in the new Woolworth building, on the corner of North Queen and Grant streets. Mr. Barnholt and Miss Maud Binkley were mar- ried Oct. 17, 1894. Mrs. Barnholt is a daughter of John L. Binkley, and belongs to one of the old families of Lancaster. They have become the par- ents of two children : Mary, who died in infancy, and Lewis, a bright little fellow of five years. Mr. Barnholt is as popular socially as he is in business circles, and has a host of friends. He belongs to the Young Republican Club, the Elks, the Masonic fraternity, the Knights of Pythias and the fraternal Order of Eagles. Both himself and his wife are associated with Grace Lutheran Church. A natural wit, a good singer and of a most genial nature, Mr. Barnholt is much sought socially, and his presence anywhere is a signal for good fellowship and enjoy- ment. FRANKLIN M. HEISTAND, a retired farmer of Rapho township, was born in Mt. Joy township July 13, 1855, son of Christian J. and BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 847 Elizabeth (Moore) Heistand, of East Hempfield and Penn townships. . Christian Heistand, the father, who was born Nov. 24, 1821, died in Florin, Pa., Dec. 9, 1896, and IS buried in the cemetery in Mt. Joy. He was a farmer during his early life, but for twenty years prior to his death was engaged in the milling busi- ness. For a number of years he was a director in the Union National Bank of Mt. Joy. His widow, who was born June 21, 1822, now resides in Florin. There were born to their union the following chil- dren: Daniel, a miller, residing on the family ])lace in Mt. Joy township ; Amos, a farmer of West Donegal township ; Simon, deceased ; John, a farmer of East Flempfield township; Franklin M., subject of this sketch; Harriet, wife of Samuel Myers, a farmer of Lebanon county ; and Emanuel, who died in youth. Mr. Heistand's paternal grandparents were Christian and Catherine (Heistand) Heistand, of Lancaster county. The grandfather was during his lifetime a distiller of large means, being a director of a bank, holder of turnpike stockj and was a man of prominence in his district. He retired in the lat- ter days of his life. Mr. Heistand's grandfather on his mother's side was named Michael Moore. On Sept. 29, 1878, Franklin M. Heistand was married to Miss Barbara Shelley, of Rapho town- ship. The following children have been born to this marriage: Elizabeth S., wife of Samuel G. Nohrenhold, who lives on the old Heistand home- stead; and Emma S., Anna S., Fanny S., Amanda S. and Barbara S., all of whom reside at home with their parents. Mrs. Barbara (Shelley) Heistand was born Jan. 11, 1858, in Rapho township, daugh- ter of Benjamin B. and Eliza (Shaub) Shelley. Mr. Heistand lived with his parents until the time of his marriage. He received his education in the schools of the county, and was employed dur- ing a greater part of his time at work on the farm. After marrying he sought employment at various places for two years, after which he took a farm on •shares for three years. He then bought his present farm and has prospered finely ever since. He re- tired from active duties in the spring of I901, and since that time has taken life easily. The family are members of the Brethren in Christ Church, and are also prominent in the social circles of the town- ship. Mr. Heistand. is a man of more than the aver- age ability, and has taken a prominent part in the economic affairs of his district. He is well regard- ed by the whole community. JOHN MICHAEL SNYDER (deceased) was for many vears a well-known citizen of Lancaster, and was the genial and popular host of several of the leading hotels of that city. His birth occurred in 185 1, in Germany, and his death took place Dec. 22, 1889, in Lancaster, where he was interred. His parents were George M. and Anna M. (Snyder) Snyder, natives of Baden, Germany, who came to Lancaster in November, 185 1. The father's busi- ness was that of a tobacco grower. He died May 5, 1888, at the age of sixty-seven years, his wife sur- viving until Feb. 8, 1891, when she was also sixty- seven years old. They were buried in the Lancaster cemetery. Their children were as follows : John Michael; Martin, a hotel-keeper at Middletown, Pa. ; Lawrence, deceased ; J. Adam, a hotel-keeper in Lancaster ; David, a cigar manufacturer at New- ark, N. J. ; and Mary, wife of John McGinnis, of Mt.- Joy, Pennsylvania.. On Jan. 31, 1875, John Michael Snyder was mar- ried, in Lancaster, to Mary Getz, who was born in 1852, in Lancaster, a daughter of George F. and Magdelina (Herzog) Getz, both natives of Ger- many. The Getz family is well known in Lancaster, as both parents came there in youth, prior to their marriage. Mr. Getz carried on a baker business, and was also a drover. In 1865 he removed his family to Lima, Ohio, where he died in 1870. The mother still resides on her farm near Lima. She was born July 16, 1832. Both were consistent mem- bers of the German Reformed Church. They be- came the parents of the following named children: Jacob C, who was killed in a gold mine in Colorado ; George F., who died in infancy ; George F. (2), who resides with his mother on her farm ; John W., who resides in Los Angeles, Cal., and operates a green- house; Julius B., who served in the Spanish war; and Mary, who married Mr. Snyder. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Snyder were as follows: Mary M., widow of Emil Holtz, who resides with her mother, and has four children, Emil H., Anna M., Lena E. and Lewis; John M., who resides at home ; Harry M., a cigarmaker in Lancaster, who married Catherine Anderson; Charles D., deceased ; James A. G., who is at home ; George F., deceased; Anna M., deceased; and George M., who is at home. Mr. Snyder was only four months old when his parents brought him to Lancaster, and there he at-, tended school until the age of fourteen, when he began cigarmaking with Jacob Fry. He followed that trade in several States, until 1877, when he took charge of Schoenberger's Park, operating same for several years, and then went into the hotel business, conducting an inn on Manor street for several years, and the "Plow Tavern" very successfully for eight years. Mr. Snyder then retired to private life, moving to No. 803 Manor street, but lived only a few weeks to enjoy its comforts. He was a member of the social organization the Shilter Verein, and was also connected with the K. of P. and the Red Men, and in politics was identified with the Repub- lican party. His religious membership was with Christ Lutheran Church. The second marriage of Mrs. Snyder was to Robert E. L. Tomlin, who was a son of Robert Tomlin, and was born in Alexandria, Va. His bus- iness was tobacco packing. One daughter was born to this marriage, Ida Corinne M., who resides at home. Mrs. Tomlin is a lady of ample means, and 848 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY is very highly regarded in the community for her many most estimable traits. Her acquaintance is large and she numbers her friends by the score. JOSEPH R. ROYER, a confectioner of Lan- caster, was born on the family farm in Manheim township, Lancaster county, March 5, 1835, son of Joseph and Catherine (Royer) Royer, and grandson of Joseph Royer. Both father and grandfather were natives of Manheim township, while Mr. Royer's mother was a daughter of Joseph Royer, of Clay township. Joseph Royer, father of Joseph R., died in May, 1843, at the age of forty-one years, and is remem- bered as one of the intelligent and progressive farm- ers of Lancaster county, having taken a leading posi- tion in his community. A man of broad and pro- gressive ideas, he was the first farmer in Lancaster county to own a threshing machine, which was made by Kirkpatrick; it was the subject of much interest at the time of its introduction into the county. Mrs. Royer, who died in 1876, was a woman of gentle spirit, and was much beloved in the circle of her acquaintance. Both were members of the Dunkard Church. They were the parents of the following family : Israel, now deceased ; Sarah, widow of John Batruflf, of Perry county, Pa. ; David, living in Lan- caster ; Catherine, deceased ; Joseph R. ; Frances, de- ceased wife of Clement Gritner, who went to North Carolina from Lititz ; Martin, deceased ; and Tobias, an ex-soldier, now living retired at home on Duke street, Lancaster. Joseph R. Royer started out for himself when hardly ten years of age, and secured work on a farm at four dollars a month, then considered very high wages for so young a boy. Remaining on the farm until he was thirteen years old, and having accumu- lated seventy dollars, the enterprising young lad went to Mt. Joy, where he began at the trade of saddle and harness making under Christian Martin, with whom he finished the trade. For seven years Mr. Royer carried on his trade at Petersburg, Pa., and was there when the Civil war broke out, having become quite a prominent character, holding the position of post- master, and being proprietor and manager of the vil- lage hotel. He was intensely interested in the Union cause, and in the spring of 1862 raised a company near Petersburg, of which he was commissioned sec- ond lieutenant ; the command was organized for the defense of Chambersburg. Late the same year a company was organized at Petersburg, in which he was also second lieutenant. This command was at- tached to the iS7th P. V. I., which fegiment in March, 1863, was stationed at Washington for the defense of that city, where it was held until Febru- ary of the following year. Upon arrival at Wash- ington M. Royer was made quartermaster, and served as such until his capture by the Rebels, April 13, 1864. Mr. Royer, while still at Washington, had become first lieutenant, and accompanied the regi- ment to Fairfax, Va., where, as noted in the preced- ing paragraph, he was taken prisoner while out for supplies at Gaines' Mills. For six weeks he was held at Libby Prison, Richmond, Va., was at Danville, Va., two weeks, and was then sent to Macon, Ga., from which point he was sent to Charleston, and kept under fire for six weeks. The breaking out of yellow fever necessitated their removal to Columbia, S. C, where they were confined in a stockade from Novem- ber until the following February, being herded to- gether like sheep, and were driven to Wilmington, N. C., at which point they were exchanged March 13, 1865. Mr. Royer on his return to the service was made quartermaster of the 191st P. V. I., and served in that capacity until the close of the war, being mus- . tered out in June, 1865. When he was captured he was shot through the hand, was reported dead, and for six months was regarded by his people as lost. For about a year after Mr. Royer's enlistment his wife conducted his business, but finding it too much of a burden she disposed of it, and gave up the post office as well. When Mr. Royer came home he rested for only about two weeks, and then took up the work of civil life as strenuously as he had his army work. Going to York, he bought a number of horses from the Government, and sold out at a good profit in about ten days. After the successful conclusion of this enterprise he came to Lancaster and bought out the confectionery store of Charles Eden, located at the corner of Prince and West King streets, where he was engaged for some two years, at the expiration of that time buying the Whiteside property, on West King street. This he rebuilt, and he became noted as the first merchant in Lancaster with a plate glass front to his store. It was of French plate, which at that time was very expensive, and attracted much at- tention to the business which he established at that point, and which became popular at once. Mr. Royer was also the first man in the city to put his name on his delivery wagon. He has the oldest business in his line in the city, and his name is known through- out the county by a host of friends and patrons. He was one of the first in this part of the State to make ice cream soda, advertising it as early as 1868, and was the first man in the city to open that line. _Mr. Royer is intensely devoted to his business, at which he works many hours a day, and calculates that if the time it had absorbed out of life were measured by ten hours a day labor he would have spent eighty years at it. He is still a young-looking man, and few would imagine him to be above fifty years. In disposition he is a warm-hearted and genial gentleman, with many friends throughout the county. Joseph R. Royer and Miss Annie Shuman, of Manor township, daughter of Amos B. Shuman, were married in Manor, where her father was long a prominent farmer. This union was blessed with the following children: (i) Minnie, who was the wife of William Rush, died at the age of twenty-five. (2) Milton is associated with his father, having charge of the factory. He is married. (3) Joseph C. is BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 849 married, and is a professional musician in New York. (4) Clarence de Vaux, a musical director, is a graduate of some of the most noted musical uni- versities in Europe, where he studied under some of the most noted masters of the day. In i88r the mother of these died, and Mr. Royer and Miss Leah Balmer, daughter of Andrew Balmer, of Lancaster, were married. She died in 1891, and on June 5, 1893, Mr. Royer married Miss Viola Smaling, daugh- ter of Jacob Smaling, of Lancaster. As might be expected from his long and credit- able service at the front, Mr. Royer is deeply inter- ested in the Grand Army of the Republic, being asso- ciated with George Thomas Post, No. 84, of that patriotic order. He is also a member of the K. of G. E. JOHN BANZHOF. The larger number of the excellent farms of Lancaster county are owned and operated by descendants of German ancestors, and one of this class who possesses a valuable and most desirable farm in Strasburg township is John Banz- hof. David Banzhof, the father, was a native of Wur- temberg, Germany, and came to the United States while still a young man, locating in the rich and fertile county of Lancaster, after a short sojourn in Philadelphia, where he engaged in his trade of cooper. His first home was in Montgomery county, but he made no long stop there, his inclinations leading him into Lancaster. His first employer in Strasburg was Samuel Brubaker, and from there he went to the shop of Samuel Eshleman, near Mar- tinsville, quietly pursuing his trade and accumulat- ing means, so that in 1859 he was prepared to buy a small place in the eastern part of Strasburg town- ship, and there he established a coopering shop of his own. In connection with his trade he operated a small farm, and lived until Jan. 4, 1899, dying at the age of seventy-two years and four months. Both he and wife were consistent members of the Reformed Alennonite Church. The latter was born in Hessen-Darmstadt, Germany, in 1832, and she still survives. They were the parents of nine chil- dren : Jacob, who operates a planing mill in Lan- caster; John, of this sketch; Annie, who married David Hornish, of Brownstown; David, who died at the age of nineteen ; Christian, who lives on the old homestead; Katherine, a trained nurse, a grad- uate of the Philadelphia Training school, residing in Baltimore; Mary, who married Edwin Aulthouse, of Paradise township ; Emma, who married Dr. W. J. Wilkinson, of Philadelphia; and Magdalena, also a trained nurse, a graduate of the Philadelphia Training school, and a resident of Baltimore. John Banzhof, the second child of the family, was born in Strasburg township Aug. 7, 1859, and grew up on the farm and learned his father's trade. His education was pursued in the public schools, and he remained at home associated with his father, until about the age of twenty-two, when he began 54 the carpenter trade, taking his first instruction from John Johnson, but later was under his brother Jacob's teaching, and developed into a fine workman. For the succeeding five or six years he followed the carpenter's trade, but in 1889 located on his present farm, since then becoming its owner, and here he carries on a general line of farming. This is a tract of sixty-seven acres, and Mr- Banzhof has proved that he is not only a very reliable carpenter, but also a first-class farmer. As an indication that he has by no means forgotten the skill of his craft, he has made many very desirable and attractive im- provements upon his farm, although he finds no time for such employment for others. Mr. Banzhof was married on Dec. 11, 1890, to Miss Elizabeth Brubaker, a daughter of John and Frances (Hess) Brubaker, who was born in Stras- burg township Jan. 9, 1864. They have a family of four children: J. David, born Dec. 11, 1891 ; Fan- nie Magdalena, born Nov. 11, 1896; Willis John, born Nov. x6, 1897, and Marie, born April 29, 1900. Mr. arid Mrs. Banzhof are members of the Reformed Mennonite Church, and the family is one which is greatly respected in Strasburg township. HARRY BACKENSTOE ROOP., M. D. During the few years which Dr. Roop has practiced in Columbia he has amply attested his professional skill and has won a large and lucrative practice. He possesses those personal qualities which are essen- tial in spheres of wide professional influence, and easily ranks among the foremost of the younger medical practitioners of his borough. The paternal grandparents of Dr. Roop were natives of Germany, people of devout and industri- ous character. They emigrated to America and set- tled in Dauphin county. Pa., where the grandfather followed farming. He also officiated frequently as a local minister of the Gospel. Henry J. Roop, his son, and the father of Dr. Harry B., was born in Highspire, Dauphin county, where he was reared, and where he received a good common school education. He engaged in agricul- ture for many years, on a beautiful farm of about 300 acres, part of which is the site of the borough of Highspire. In 1884 he built a fine residence, on a commanding part of his farm, in which he is liv- ing a retired life. He married Miss Justina Back- enstoe, daughter of John Backenstoe. She died in 1883, aged forty-five years. To them were born five children, namely : Hervin U. Roop, A. M., Ph. D., who is president of Lebanon Valley College, Annville, Pa.; Harry B., subject of this sketch; Delia F., who married Prof. B. F. Daugherty, A. M., Ph. D., professor of Latin at Lebanon Valley College ; Sarah, who is at home with her father ; and William, a graduate of Lebanon Valley College. The father is a prominent member of the United Brethren Church, and a highly respected citizen of Highspire. Harry B. Roop was born at Highspire, Dau- 850 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY phin county, Feb. 24, 1870. He was reared on the home farm, and there remained up to the age of eighteen years, when he entered Lebanon Valley College, graduating from that institution in 1892. Choosing medicine as his profession, he entered the office of Dt. H. McDaniel, at Highspire, as a stu- dent, and in the fall of 1893 matriculated at the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania, receiving his degree of M. D. in the spring of 1897. Dr. Roop located at Columbia, where he has since continued success- fully in practice. In religious faith the Doctor is a member of the United Brethren Church. In politics he is a Re- publican. He is affiliated with the lodges of the I. O. O. F. and the K. P. at Columbia, and Lodge No. 134, B. P. O. E., at Lancaster, and in social life is one of the leading spirits. However, his profes- sional duties absorb most of his time, for his prac- tice is large. His interest in his work amounts al- most to enthusiasm, and he devotes a large share of his attention to the current progress- made in medi- cine and surgery. ' JAMES HAWKINS SPOTTS, a member of the firm of S. M. Myers & Co., successors to Myers & Rathfon, merchant tailors and clothiers on East King Street, Lancaster, is descended from a very old family, whose first progenitors in America came from Germany and settled in Caernarvon township, Lancaster county, where the grandfather of James H., who was a fai^mer, lived and died. Joseph Spotts, his son, and the father of James H., was an undertaker, and lived for many years in Churchtown. For a time he was in the West, and then returned to Pennsylvania, locating in Chester county, where he made his home in Downingtown, and he built up a fine business. He came to an un- timely and tragic end, being struck by a passing train and killed while crossing the railroad track. This occurred in 1875, when he was fifty-three years old. His widow, Mrs. Barbara (Ax) Spotts, belonged to the prominent Ax family of Church- town. She still survives, carrying her years easily, and retaining all the faculties of body and mind in a serene and beautiful old age. She was the mother of ten children, only four of whom survive : Ber- tha, wife of George W. Lewis, of Philadelphia, a passenger conductor on the Pennsylvania railroad, who has been in the service of that company for more than thirty-five years ; Frances, wife of Allen S. Heller, a builder of Philadelphia ; Hallie, wife of Milton H. Stanley, of Phoenixville, also in the Penn- sylvania railroad service; and James H., of Lan- caster. James Hawkins Spotts has had a most interest- ing history. He was born in Churchtown March 25, 1868, and after being educated in Downingtown and New Holland came to Lancaster to take a posi- tion as clerk in the "Leopard Hotel," which he held for two years. For a year he was employed at the Broad street station of the Pennsylvania railroad in Philadelphia, and then entered the Lancaster cloth- ing house of Myers & Rathfon, where he has re- mained to the present time, and of which he is now one of the proprietors. It was in 1888 that he en- tered this house, and as the years have passed his worth has become manifest, as he personally super- intends the manufacturing of clothing, doing all the purchasing of ready-made goods, and buying the material for the factory. Mr. Spotts was married, in November, 1899, to Miss Adelle Dora Frankenfield, daughter of Prof. H. L. Frankenfield, a widely-known teacher of band music, as well as composer and publisher of music, who served in the 5th N. Y. Heavy Artillery as leader of a regimental band during the Civil war, the musicians who served under him being his de- voted friends to the present day. From this union one child was born, Dorothy, a lovely little girl, who entered into rest April 19, 1902, in the sixteenth month of her age. Mr. Spotts belongs to St. John's Episcopal Church, of Lancaster. His political relations are with the Republican party, and he served as a mem- ber of the Republican City Committee for three years, as a representative from the Second ward. He also belongs to the Young Men's Republican Club. Socially he is connected with the Odd Fel- lows, the Artisans, and the Mutual Benefit Associ- ation of New York. He is a genial, clever and well- rounded man, and deservedly enjoys the good- will of a host of friends. GEORGE K. GARRETT, a well-known and respected farmer of Martic township, born March 14, 1858, was a son of Henry and Annie Garrett, of Conestoga township. Henry Garrett, the father, died when our sub- ject was but three years of age. He was the father of eight children, as folUows: Elizabeth, the wife of John Finnen, of New Danville, Pa. ; Mary, de- ceased; Annie, deceased; Amos, a resident of Safe Harbor ; Leah, the wife of Philip Mowery ; Barbara, the wife of Walter Albright, of Lancaster ; George K., of this sketch ; and Catherine, the wife of Sam- uel Peters, of Colemanville. George K. Garrett is an example of what may be accomplished by the exercise of perseverance, industry and economy. The early death of his fa- ther left the large family in reduced circumstances, and when he was but a lad it became necessary for him to begin his struggle with life for himself. It is a source of satisfaction for him to see how well he has accomplished this. His educational advan- tages were those provided in the district schools, and all his life labor has been along agricultural lines. He now owns a fine farm comprising 160 acres of valuable land, with excellent improvements. Some of this farm was piirchased in 1895, when he secured it for $20 per acre. He is known through the township as an excellent farmer, industrious and reliable, and he has a wide circle of attached friends. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 851 In 1889 Mr. Garrett was married to Miss Alice Fawkes, of Philadelphia, daughter of Walker Fawkes, and the two children born of this marriage are : Mary and Walter. Mr. Garrett is one of the leading Republicans of Martic township and is a member of the board of school directors. He has the good of his community at heart, and gen- erously supports all moral and educational en- terprises looking toward its advancement. He is a useful citizen, a kind neighbor and an exemplary husband and father, in fact is one of the men of whom Martic township has reason to feel proud. ROCHOW. The Rochow family of Columbia, Lancaster county, was founded in America by the late William Rochow, whose sad and tragic death occurred at his home in Columbia early on the morning of April 7, 1900. William Rochow was born in Strelitz, ■ grand duchy of Mecklenburg, Germany, Jan. 15, 1829, the only child of Frederick and Wilhelmina (Miller) Rochow, the former of whom was master and owner of a sail boat, handled freight, and died in 1852, at the age of fifty-three years ; the latter came to Amer- ica with her son, William, in 1857, and first located in Bridgeport, Montgomery Co., Pa., where Will- iam resided one year ; he then passed a year in Nor- ristown, a year in Philadelphia, and then came to Columbia, after six months assisting a friend in the dyeing department of a woolen factory. He here turned his attention to the junk trade, bought and sold hides, bones, cast-off articles of all kinds, did a lucrative business until 1886, and then retired in favor of his son, Charles. Mrs. Wilhelmina Roch- ow, mother of William, died in Columbia, Pa., at the age of seventy-one years. William Rochow was first married in Berlin, Germany, to Emma Kaiser, and to this union were born the following children: William, a book- keeper in a hotel at St. Louis, Mo. ; Charles, in the junk business at Columbia, Pa. ; Ernest, a clerk for his brother, Charles ; and Bertha, married to John Rensink, a contractor and builder in Chicago, 111. The mother of the family was born in Berlin, was a daughter of Ferdinand Kaiser, and died in Co- lumbia, Pa., in 1872, at the age of thirty-three years. The second marriage of William Rochow took place in Columbia in 1875, Rosa Knob becoming his wife. To this marriage was born one son, Albert, an attorney at York, Pennsylvania. In alluding to the sad death of Mr. Rochow the Columbia Daily News of Saturday, April 7, 1900, gave the following account: "WilHam Rochow died at his residence. No. 513 Locust street, shortly before two o'clock this morning, from the effects of burns received on Friday while taking a vapor bath. Mr. Rochow was burned in a shocking man- ner over his back, arms, hands and limbs, from which the skin hung in shreds and in some places his flesh was burned to a crisp. Everything known to medical science was resorted to, but the burns were of such a character that little hopes for his recovery were entertained. During the afternoon he became delirious and it was with difficulty that he could be kept in bed and restrained from tearing the band- ages from his wounds. At five o'clock last even- ing he grew very weak, and gradually sank into a state of unconsciousness, dnd remained in that con- dition until death came. His end was peaceful and apparently without pain." In politics he was a Democrat, but would never accept an office. In religion he was a Lutheran and was a member of German Salem Lutheran Church. He was one of the substantial citizens of Columbia, and was a stockholder in the Central National Bank from its organization. He was public spirited, yet conservative, and acted only when he saw that the end to be accomplished was worthy of aid. Charles Rochow^ son of William and Emma (Kaiser) Rochow, was born in Columbia April 17, 1862, and is now his father's successor in business, dealing at wholesale (in scrap iron and metals). He has had experience in business elsewhere than in Co- lumbia, but altogether in the tobacco trade, to wit : Six months in Philadelphia ; two years in New York City ; one and a half years in St. Louis, Mo. ; and a year and a half in Chicago, 111. In 1882 he returned to Columbia and joined his father, becoming pro- prietor as intimated above in 1886. In August, 1885, Mr. Rochow was most happily united in marriage, in Columbia, with Miss Emma L. Harm, the accomplished daughter of William and Barbara Harm, the former a grocer in Colum- bia, the latter a native of Philadelphia. To Mr. and Mrs. Rochow have been born six children, in the following order : Rosa, Lillian, William, Wal- ter, Charles and Robert. The family worship at the Salem Lutheran Church, of which Mr. Rochow is treasurer and member of the board of trustees. Mr. Rochow is an excellent man of business and ever alert and enterprising. He is a director in the Columbia Telephone Co., and was formerly its treasurer; he is likewise a director in the Central National Bank, and in the Loder Brewing Co., and energetic and fully up-to-date in all things. Socially he is very popular, and is a member of the Hepta- sophs, while in politics he is a Democrat, yet no office seeker. AMOS SHELLY, a prominent and successful farmer, was born in Rapho township, Lancaster county, July 30, 1857, and has always made his home in his native town. David and Susannah (Herr) Shelly, his par- ents, were born, respectively, in Rapho and Lan- caster townships. David Shelly was a son of Abra- ham Shelly, and was a farmer, who entered into rest in 1880, at the age of sixty-seven years, his re- mains being laid to rest in the Cross Roads Meeting House burying ground. The widowed mother, who now resides with her son in East Donegal town- ship, was born in August, 1829. To David Shelly 852 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and wife were born: Amos, whose name intro- duces this article; David, deceased; and Elias, a farmer in East Donegal township. Previous to his marriage with Susannah Herr, David Shelly had wedded Susannah Engle, who be- came the mother of the following children : Martha, deceased, who married John M. Engle; Henry E., born July i8, 1839, "ow a farmer in Rapho town- ship ; Israel and Harriet, who both died unmarried ; and Eli, a farmer in East Donegal township. Mrs. Susannah Engle died in 1850, at the age of thirty- six years. She was born in Rapho township, and with her parents belonged to the Dunkard Church. Amos Shelly was married Alay 14, 1878, in Lancaster, to Fanny Nissley, by whom he became the father of these children: Emma, deceased; Amos N. and Ada N., at home; and Ellen N., de- ceased. Mrs. Fanny (Nissley) Shelly was born in West Hempfield township May 13, 1858, a daughter of Christian E. and Fanny (Breneman) Nissley, both of whom were born and reared in Lancaster county. Her father died in Salunga, Pa., in 1889, at the age of seventy-one years. For eleven years prior to his death he lived retired, and for nine years he held the position of school director. His widow died in 1896, at the age of seventy years. Her remains were laid to rest in Landisville, Pa. They were honorable and upright people, much respected by all who knew them, and members of the Mennonite Church. They had eight children, of whom Henry B. is a farmer in East Donegal township ; and Fanny is Mrs. Shelly. Amos Shelly came to the farm where he is found to-day with his parents when he was eighteen years old, and here he has won for himself a very credita- ble standing among the leading citizens of the town. In religion he belongs to the Mennonite Church, and in politics is a Republican. H. R. HEAGY, the very capable agent for the Pennsylvania railroad, at New Providence, is one of the most highly respected citizens of that town- ship. He was born in the borough of Manheim Dec. 8, T856, son of Francis and Lydia (Royer) Heagy, who were also residents of that part of Lan- caster cotmty. Francis Heagy was born in Ger- many, and came to America while still a youth. He is now a retired farmer of Penn township. His five children were: H. R., whose name opens this sketch: Catherine, wife of Frank Ritter, of Penn township; Elizabeth, wife of Cassius Snyder, of Manheim ; John, of Penn township ; and Frank, of Lancaster. H. R. Heagy grew up on the farm and received his education in the public schools. When nine- teen years old he began to study telegraphy with J. B. Myer, of Lancaster Junction, and on March I, 1877, he came to New Providence and took charge of the station at that point. His capital then con- sisted of his knowledge of his trade and his deter- mination to, succeed, and by steady application to his duties he soon gained the favor of his employ- ers and gradually won his way into the esteem of the public. By a provident husbanding of his means Mr. Heagy soon became independent and acquired property, owning now a handsome residence and a prosperous business, in partnership with his son, in the lumber, coal and fertilizer line. Mr. Heagy is a stanch Republican, and he was elected justice of the peace in 1893, efficiently per- forming the duties of that office ever since. He has been very prominent in the aifairs of the Reformed Church in New Providence, and is president of the Christian Endeavor Society. On July II, 1882, Mr. Heagy married Miss Lydia Groff, daughter of John and Maria (Bru- baker) Groff, of New Providence, and this mar- riage has been blessed with seven children, viz : Miss Florence, a teacher in the Lancaster county schools ; John F., with his father in the railroad of- fice ; Maria and Walter, at home ; Helen, deceased ; and Ruth and Paul Hiram, at home. Mr. Heagy has been very successful in his busi- ness career, and when questioned about it, frankly attributes it to hard work. As an indication of his close attention to duty it may be mentioned that he has been absent from his post but ten days in the past twenty-five years. He is one of the most highly esteemed citizens of New Providence, a very public-spirited one, and few men in this locality have more attached personal friends. MILTON THOMAS GARVIN, dry goods, merchant of Lancaster, was born in Fulton town- ship, Lancaster county, Aug. 14, i860. Milton Y. Garvin, his father, was descended, from the Scotch-Irish Presbyterian Garvins who settled in Delaware about 1750, and the English Quaker family of Brown, who were among the first Quaker settlers of Chester county. Milton Y> Garvin married Hannah R. Hannum, whose ances- tors were the Welsh Quaker family of Hannum, and the English Quaker family of Reynolds, both of whom settled in Pennsylvania during ■ the governor- ship of .WiUiam Penn. Mr. Garvin spent his early boyhood with his- father's sister on a farm in Cecil county, Md. At the age of thirteen years, his uncle having died, he- came to Lancaster City to live with his mother, who- was now married to William J. Baer. A few months later, at the age of fourteen, he entered the dry goods store of R. E. Fahnestock as errand boy,, and two years later was promoted to be salesman. In 1882, through physical infirmities, Mr. Fahne- stock was obliged to have some one to manage his. business and assume its cares, and the selection fell upon Mr. Garvin, who had just reached his major- ity. Appreciating the responsibility of the posi- tion, he took vigorous hold, and managed this busi- ness for twelve years. In 1886 Mr. Garvin married Catherine A. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 853 widow of Abijah D. Gyger, and a daughter of An- thony and Catherine (McLaughHn) Lechler, who was born at Paradise, this county, where her father was famous as a hotel keeper, but who subsequently moved to Lancaster, where for years he kept the County House-. Early in 1894, on account of old age and total disability, Mr. Fahnestock decided to retire, and Mr. Garvin took over the business and succeeded him. On March 5th, of the same year, under the firm name of M. T. Garvin & Co., he opened the store at the old stand, Nos. 35 and 37 East King street, next to the Court House, which, under the popular name of "The Leader" is to-day one of Lan- caster's best-known shopping marts. Mr. Gar- vin's business is conducted on strictly up-to-date cash principles, with one price to all and discounts to none as one of the fundamentals. The interests of the employes, of whom there are an average of forty-five, are well cared for and kindly considered. In early life Mr. Garvin received only such edu- cation as was obtained at the short winter sessions of a log cabin school, in Maryland, but the founda- tion laid there was afterward built upon by the de- votion of spare moments to reading and study, and the knowledge thus gained has stood him in good stead in later years. While not a member of any church, Mr. Garvin takes an active interest in the Friends' Association of I Lancaster, and the new Unitarian movement. In politics he is independent and progressive, and usually affiliates with the Democratic party. Mr. Garvin is connected with various interests in his adopted city. He is an of- ficer of the Mechanics' Circulating Library; an ac- tive member of the Board of Trade, of which he is president ; a director of the General Hospital ; sec- retary of the Lancaster Dry-goods Association; a member of the Society for the Prevention of Cru- elty to Animals; the Lancaster County Historical Society; the Society for Psychical Research, and others, and he is always to be counted upon as an active supporter of Lancaster's charitable institu- tions. JAMES PRANGLEY, Jr., of the general in- surance and real estate firm of James Prangley, Jr., No. 27 East Orange St., Lancaster, was born in that city March 28, 1864. His grandfather, also named James, was an en- gineer near Liverpool, England. His father, James Prangley (2), came to America sixty years ago, when nine years old. His first employment was with the saw' manufactory of Henry Disston & Sons. He went to Lancaster in 1863, and opened a "Cheap John" store in North Queen street, between Orange and Chestnut. He then moved to the pres- ent location of Watt & Shand's New York store in East King street. In 1872 he retired from the store, and in 1S79 engaged in the leaf tobacco trade. In 188 1 he established a cigar factory, employing from one hundred to one hundred and twenty-five people. He remained in this until 1897. Mr. Prangley also m.anufactured brick for twenty years, until the plant was destroyed by fire in April, 1900. Late in 1900 he engaged in the coal business, and still continues in that line. Mr. Prangley married Miss Mary Ma- caulif, daughter of John Macaulif, a musician of England, and of this marriage three children were born: Lida and Bessie, at home; and James, Jr. A half sister of the latter, Alice, was the wife of Henry Martin, of the Henry Martin Brick Machine Manufacturing Co., but she died several years ago. Mrs. Mary (Macaulif) Prangley died in August, 1899. James Prangley, Jr., of the third generation bearing the same name, was educated in the Lan- caster schools, leaving the Boys' High School to at- tend Weidler's Business College, from which insti- tution he was graduated. He became a partner of his father in the cigar factory, but quit it in 1897 to enter his present business as partner of Martin Rife. This has proved highly successful. On October 17, 1893, Mr. Prangley married Miss Catherine Knapp, daughter of the late Law- rence Knapp of Knapp Villa, a place familiar to all. Two sons have been born of this marriage: James, named for his father, grandfather and great- grandfather; and Lawrence, named for his grand- father Knapp. Mr. Prangley has a pleasant home at No. 690 Columbia avenue. He is a member of Trinity Lutheran congregation, and has played the chimes of that church for the past twelve years, his early morning concerts being features of all church festival days, such as Christmas, Palm Sunday, Easter, etc., while his patriotic airs arouse the peo- ple at four o'clock on every Fourth of July morn- ing. For nine years he was a warden of Trinity, and both he and his wife are members of the church choir, in which they are very popular. Mr. Prang- lev belongs to the Odd Fellows, the Royal Arcanum, the Knights of Malta and the Elks. GEORGE GABRIEL GOLDBACH, the suc- cessful florist and landscape gardener, located oppo- site the Lancaster county Almshouse, on the Phila- delphia turnpike, is a son of Lorenz Goldbach, now leading a life of well-deserved retirement at his home on the Grofifstown road, just east of Lancaster. Lorenz Goldbach came to America from Ba- varia, and settled on a farm near Bareville, this county, in 1876, removing to Lancaster in the spring of 1885, and locating on Rockland street, where he carried on gardening. In 1895 he removed to his present home, on the Groffstown road, where he car- ried on trucking until recently, when he retired from active pursuits. His first wife was Miss Gertrude Busenbrugge, of Westphalia, Germany, by whom he had the following children : John, who died at Spokane Falls, Wash., in 1889; Theresa, wife of Oscar Hilbert, of the New Era job department; Charles, a traveling salesman for a Philadelphia drug house; Henry, a shoe cutter, who died in 1894, 854 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY while in the employ of the Kray Shoe Co. ; Herman, a florist and gardener, now managing his father's place on the Groffstown road; and George G. Af- ter the death of the mother of these children Mr. Goldbach married, in January, 1882, Miss Anna Kiehl, of New York, who was born in Germany, and the following children have blessed this union : Amelia, a dressmaker; Frank, who works for George G. Goldbach, the florist; Mary and Lizzie, at home; and Anthony, who died in 1896, aged four years. George Gabriel Goldbach was born in Upper Leacock township Feb. 6, 1878, and, his parents re- moving to Lancaster when he was young, his educa- tion was received in St. Anthony's Parochial School. When he was thirteen years old his father placed him with A. D. Rohrer & Bro., florists, and there he re- ceived the training that has made him the expert florist and landscape gardener that he is to-day. In T897, in association with his brother, Herman, he leased the Rohrer hothouses, and until September, 1900, they carried on the business as Goldbach Bros. The firm was then dissolved, George G. Goldbach continuing the business alone. He con- fines himself largely to wholesaling, finding a ready sale for all he can produce in the Philadelphia mar- kets. He makes a specialty of growing violets, and his annual output in this flower alone is the bloom of 10,000 plants. With 15,000 feet under glass, the plant, flower and vegetable producing capacity is immense. As a landscape gardener Mr. Goldbach's work stands high, the flower beds at Rocky Springs Park having been laid out and planted by him for several }'ears in the past. On June 26, 1900, Mr. Goldbach was married to Ida, daughter of the late John Ransing, of Lan- caster. They began housekeeping in a pretty cot- tage on the Philadelphia turnpike, almost directly opposite the hothouses, but Mr. Goldbach recently purchased a lot of ground at the corner of East Orange street and Ranck avenue, where he intends building himself a fine home. One child, Agnes Mary, born May i, 1901, has blessed their marriage. Mr. Goldbach is a member of St. Anthony's Cath- olic Church, of St. Michael's Society, the Knights of St. John, St. John's Beneficial Society, the Young Men's Democratic Society, and the American Flor- ists Association. Industrious, energetic, intelli- gent and prompt in his business methods, he cer- tainly gives promise of a most successful future. ELLIS PICKEL, proprietor of the grocery store at South Duke and Church Streets, Lancaster, is descended from a family who have been promi- nent ii^ agricultural circles in Lancaster county for many generations. Leonard Pickel, his father, owned a farm at Georgetown, Bart township, and from there re- moved to a point between Nickel Mines and the Furnace, where he bought another farm and en- gaged very successfully in its cultivation. Promi- nent in politics, and enjoying an excellent reputa- tion, he was elected a director of the poor on the Re- publican ticket. He died over twenty years ago, respected by all who knew him for his private and public worth. Ellis Pickel was educated in the- schools of his home district, leaving school at tne age of eighteen years to drive ore teams for his father, in which work he was engaged for about three years. For a time following this he was a clerk in the White Hall store of Milton Heidelbaugh (since then a member of the State Legislature), and later on farmed for himself for three years on a place near Gap. Then he came to Lancaster and took a posi- tion with Flinn R- Breneman, which he held three years ; for three years he rented and farmed the Elmaker place near Gap; and then he again entered the employ of Flinn & Breneman, remaining with them this time for a period of sixteen years. In 1897 he bought the grocery store noted above, and the business has already proved a flattering success, presenting most encouraging prospects. Mr. Pickel married Miss Mary Jane Brooks, daughter of Boyd J. Brooks, a farmer of Bart town- ship, and to this union was born one daughter, Elsie, who is now the wife of A. Heber Francis, a well-known cigar broker of Lancaster. Mr. Pickel has long been associated with church work, and was a trustee of his church while living in the country. He is now a member of the First Methodist Church of Lancaster, and fraternally is a member of the Knights of Malta, the American Mechanics, and the Artisans. Conscientious, courteous and accommodating, he has made hosts of friends, whose friendship grows the stronger the longer he is known. THOMAS HIBSHMAN KELLER. Among the prominent citizens of Lititz is Thomas Hibsh- man Keller, who comes of most excellent stock, his ancestors having been among the oldest and best- known people in this section of the State. He is a grandson of the well-known John Keller, a native of this county and a farmer of Ephrata township, whose father's farm extended along Indian Creek, toward Ephrata. On the maternal side he is a grandson of Flon. Henry Hibshman, a senator of the State of Pennsylvania, belonging to a family whose members were distinguished as jurists and in the affairs of the State. Harry B. Keller, father of Thomas H., was a merchant of Lincoln, this county, where he died in 1854. He married Mary Hibshman, and to this union the following named children were born: Henry B., who occupies a responsible position in the United States Mint, in Philadelphia; and Thomas H., of Lititz. Thomas Hibshman Keller was born at Lincoln, this county, in 1853, and was educated in the public schools of the district, leaving school at the age of fifteen years and becoming a clerk in Royer's store, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 855 at Lincoln. Later he engaged in clerking in Weid- man's store, at West Lincoln, remaining there three years, at the end of which time he began baking the now famous Lititz pretzels, and has been so engaged ever since. In 1876 Mr. Keller married Miss Clara V. Sturgis, daughter of Julius F. Sturgis, the original manufacturer of the Lititz pretzels, and to this union nine children were born, seven of whom are living: Mary Jane, wife of William Fishburn, editor and pubHsher of the P^phrata Reporter; Julius Henry, an artist in modeling, in Philadelphia ; Lottie Cecelia and Carrie M., both at home; Thomas H., Jr., attending the Lititz high school ; and Lewis R. and Philip Deichler, at school, the latter attending a kindergarten. Mr. Keller is a stanch Republican in politics, and he has served as a member of the school board of Lititz for a term of three years. He is a devout Moravian in religion, and fraternally he is a mem- ber of the Knights of Pythias and the Knights of the Golden Eagle. Apart from his business and church affairs, and his societies, Mr. Keller has given much time and attention to enterprises look- ing to the welfare of the historic borough of which he is so popular and progressive a citizen. He was one of the most active managers of the first Lan- caster County Fair ever held in Lititz, and has also been manager of eight county fairs held in McGran- nis Park, Lancaster, being one of the gentlemen most closely concerned in the fine fairs held in 1899 and 1900; he was secretary as well as manager of the latter, the most successful fair in the history of the county. Kind and courteous to everybody, ever ready to help a friend, and ready to give of his time, efforts and interest, as well as means, to promote the interests of the community in which he lives, Mr. Keller has fairly earned a prominent place in the public regard. As an inventor Mr. Keller has made an enviable record. His first invention (1879) was a pretzel machine, and for the past seven years he has been working on and perfecting an automatic cigar ma- chine, in company with B. W. Suavely, of New Brunnerville. Their first patent on this was re- ceived Jan. 10, 1899, since when additional patents have been granted on the invention. This machine is expected to revolutionize the cigar manufacturing industry throughout the world. JOHN W. ARMSTRONG. Among the pop- ular extra conductors on the Pennsylvania railroad none have more friends than this gentleman, who makes his home in Columbia. He is a native of Lancaster county, born in Marietta, Nov. 8, 1864, a son of John W., Sr., and Kate (Kugle) Arm- strong. John W. Armstrong, Sr., was born at Donegal Springs, same county, a son of Hon. Andrew A. and Mary A. (Brcnneman) Armstrong, the former a native of Silver Springs township, Cumberland Co., Pa., the latter of Mt. Joy township, Lancaster county. Both died in Mt. Joy, Andrew A. Arm- strong was a farmer in early life, and being one of the most prominent and influential men of his com- munity, he was elected to the State Legislature. On his retirement to private life, he embarked in the gray and malleable iron business, which he carried on until his death, which occurred in 1876, when he was sixty-seven years of age. His father, James Armstrong, was of Scotch-Irish extraction, and emigrated from Scotland to the United States in 1745, locating in Silver Springs township, Cumber- land Co., Pa., where he conducted a tannery through- out the remainder of his life. John W. Armstrong, Sr., the father of our subject, followed farming until the Civil war broke out, when he entered the service as a member of Co. B, 45th P. V. V., and was killed at Petersburg, Ya., July 17, 1864, at the age of twenty-two years. His widow afterward married William McNeil, and by that union had seven chil- dren. She is a resident of Marietta, where she was born, a daughter of George Kugle, an agriculturist of Lancaster county. John W. Armstrong, of this review, spent the first three years of his life in Marietta, and then went to live with his paternal grandfather at Donegal Springs, remaining with him until the latter's death, when he was sent to the Soldiers' Orphans' School at Mt. Joy, where he was graduated in November, x88o. He was his father's only child. After leaving school he com^menced learning the printer's trade, at which he worked in Carlisle, Pa., from November, 1880, until the next April, when the firm with which he was connected sold out, and he went to St. Louis, Mo. After working on the Mississippi river for nine months, Mr. Armstrong returned to Lancaster county, Pa., and worked at the molder's trade in Mt. Joy until January, 1886, when he came to Co- lumbia and entered the service of the Pennsylvania Railroad Co. as brakeman. In September, 1892, he was made flagman, and was promoted to extra conductor April 10, 1900. On Sept. 5, 1884, at Florin, Lancaster county, Mr. Armstrong married Miss Anna A. Buck, who was born in York, Pa., Nov. 10, 1868, a daughter of Nathaniel and Susan (Lowe) Buck, also natives of York county. The father, a farmer by occupation, is now residing in Lehigh county. Pa. He was a soldier of the Civil war and was wounded in the ser- vice. To Mr. and Mrs. Armstrong were born four children, namely : Oscar C. ; Mamie E., whp died Aug. 28, 1886; Edward S. ; and John W. Politi- cally, Mr. Armstrong affiliates with the Republican party, and fraternally is connected with the Brother- hood of Railroad Trainmen, the Knights of Pythias, and the Improved Order of Red Men. LEVI BECKER. The prosperity of the great State of Pennsylvania does not rest upon her com- mercial relations, nor upon her wealth of mineral deposits, as much as upon her great agricultural re- 856 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY sources. The farmers are the backbone of the State, and in no county are they more prosperous and thrifty than in wealthy, solid and respected Lancas- ter county. The revenue gathered into the coffers of the State from that county alone would give sur- prise to many of those unfamiliar with existing con- ditions. Among the successful agriculturists of Ephrata township is Levi Becker, a most estimable and highly respected citizen, who owns 112 acres of some of the choicest land in the county. He was born Feb. 21, 1872, a son of the late Israel and Caroline Becker, of this county. Israel Becker was a son of Henry Becker, a prominent farmer of the county, a German by. ancestry, and the father of a family of fourteen children. Israel Becker was also a farmer, and well and favorably known in the neighborhood near Lititz, and reared these children : Henry B. married Mary Seibert; John B. is a farmer located about two miles from Lititz, in Warwick township ; Leah resides near Brunersville, Pa.; Henry; Levi; and Katie, deceased. Levi Becker was reared on a farm, and as his father before him, chose farming as his life work. His education was received in the common schools of his district, and soon after finishing the course, he engaged extensively in agricultural pursuits, his fine, well cultivated farm showing that he thoroughly understands all matters pertaining to the proper tillage of the soil. On Jan. 7, 1894, Levi Becker was married to Miss IJllie Habecker, of Clay township, the esti- mable daughter of Augustus Habecker, and two children have been born of this union: Elsie, born in 1895 ; and Leroy, born Oct. 6, 1897. In his polit- ical affiliations, Mr. Becker has always voted with the Republican party, but has never taken the time to seek for office, leaving that for those who have less fine land to cultivate. Although not formally connected with any religious denomination, he be- lieves that a moral life is better than many protesta- tions, and is regarded by his neighbors as a model husband and father, and as one of the best and most reliable of the citizens of Ephrata township. REV. JOHN ALLEN CRAWFORD, pastor of the Memorial Presbyterian Church, South Queen street, Lancaster, is a native of West Virginia, born April 2, 1868, in the city of Wheeling, and comes of Scottish-English ancestry. Michael C. Crawford, his father, came to Amer- ica from the North of Ireland about the year 1856, and settled in Wheeling, W. Va. He married Eliza- beth Malinda Allum, daughter of John Allum, of Washington county. Pa. Rev. John Allen Crawford was thesecond child in a family of six children, the names of the others being Lucy, Virginia Lillian, James Dellmore, William Theodore, and Robert Cecil. John Allen Crawford received his earlier edu- cation in part at Lindsley Institute, in part at the high school in Wheeling, from which latter he was graduated with first honors in 1884. He next at- tended the University of West Virginia, at Morgan- town, that state, and after three years' study there he entered the college at Adrian, Mich., from which he was graduated June 21, 1888. In September' of the same year Mr. Crawford began his course in the Western Theological Seminary of the Presbyterian Church, at Allegheny, Pa.; on April 9, 1890, he was licensed to preach, by the Presbytery of Wash- ington, at Claysville, Pa., and on May 7, 1891, was graduated from the Theological Seminary. Im- rnediately after his graduation from the seminary he was called to the First Presbyterian Church of Hillsdale, Mich., and was ordained and installed Sept. 16, 1891, remaining there until Oct. i, 1894, when he accepted a call to Dillsburg, York Co., Pa., at which place he continued until the spring of 1899, serving the churches at Dillsburg and York Springs. In May, 1899, Mr. Crawford accepted the call to the Memorial Presbyterian Church of Lancaster, and was installed pastor thereof June 8, 1899. He has since met with gratifying success, the church having steadily grown under his pastorate. This, in brief, is the interesting career of one who, although a resident of Lancaster but a com- paratively short time, has made his influence greatly felt in this community, and being in the very vigor of young manhood his future is full of bright promise, for all who know him and have watched his progress look confidently for the fullest fruition of the good seed thus early sown by him. On June 14, 1893, Mr. Crawford was married at Ridgway, Pa., to Miss Blanche Webster Powers, daughter of H. M. Powers, a prominent member of the Bar of Ridgway. Mrs. Crawford's family were from Maine, and related to Daniel Webster, the fa- mous statesman and orator ; she is also connected, by descent, with Gen. Stark, of Revolutionary fame. EDGAR B. KREADY, a thriving young to- bacco packer and merchant at Mountville, Lancaster county, was born in Manor township, same county, Oct. 29, 1866, and is a son of Jacob C. and Mary (Bowers) Kready, natives of West Hempfield town- ship. Jacob C. Kready was a farmer and distiller in Manor township in his early days, but abandoned dis- tilling in 1861. Pie served as county commissioner, and held at different times various township offices. He died in Manor township in October, 1884, at the age of fifty-six years, a member of the Reformed Church at Rohrerstown, where his rerriains were buried. Mrs. Kready still has her residence in Manor township. She was born in 1842. To Jacob C. and Mary Kready were born seven chil- dren, viz. : Alfred B., a farmer of Manor township ; Elizabeth, living with her mother ; Emma B., wife of C. B'. Charles, a farmer in Manor township ; John, a farmer, living with his mother; Edgar B., whose name opens this review ; Mary, wife of Jacob Mow- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 857 rer, in the machine business at Lancaster; and Harry, deceased. Edgar B. Kready lived upon the home farm until 1893, when he came to Mountville, as he had, al- though a Republican, been appointed by Grover Cleveland — Democratic President of the United States — postmaster at Mountville. On coming to Mountville he engaged in mercantile business in con- nection with his post office duties, and also began buying, packing and selling tobacco. On Nov. i, 1899, Mr. Kready discontinued the general merchan- dising branch of his business, and went into partner- ship with his brother-in-law, C. F. Charles, confining himself exclusively to the tobacco trade. In April, 1895, Edgar B. Kready was united in marriage, in Columbia, Pa., with Miss Laura M. Walker, and this union has been crowned with three children — Marion W., Esther W. and Mary Eliza- beth. Mrs. Laura M. (Walker) Kready was bom in West Hempfield township Aug. 10, 1873, and is a daughter of Christian F. and Esther A. (Kelley) Walker. Her father, who was a contractor and builder, in 1889 removed his family to Columbia, and was killed in Lancaster city, by a fall from a scaffold, Jan. 8, 1890, at the age of fifty-two years. He had served as a private in the war of the Rebellion, and was a member of the G. A. R., a Mason and an Arti- san. To Christian F. and Esther A. Walker were born three children, viz. : Mary M., wife of Harry Forry, of Columbia ; Laura M. ; and William,' who died in infancy. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Edgar B. Kready, William and Martha (Fridy) Walker, were natives of West Hempfield township ; the grand- father was born in 1816, and lived retired in Kleins- ville, Lancaster county, where he died Oct. 14, 1901 ; the grandmother was called away in 1885, at the age of seventy-five years. The maternal grandparents of Mrs. Kready, John and Mary (Houghendougler) Kelley, were also natives of West Hempfield town- ship, where Mr. Kelley was a raftsman on the river, and where he died ; his widow then married John Kame. Edgar B. Kready is a member of the Jr. O. U. A. M., affiliating with Lodge No. 65, at Mountville; and also unites with the Knights of Malta, No. 159, at Lancaster ; and the K. of M. C, at Mountville. In politics he is a Republican, and he is a very popular young man with his party, but has never sought an office. He is known in the business world as a "hustler," one who drives his business. D. JEFFERSON HERR, an enterprising young farmer of Strasburg township, was born there July S, 1873, son of C. S. B. and Lizzie A. Herr. The father is deceased, and the mother now makes her home in West Lampeter township. Our subject was given a good practical educa- tion in the public schools of his native township. He was reared to farming on the place he now conducts and since he commenced life on his own account has given all his attention to that occupation, with grati- fying results, it must be conceded. In 1897 he took full charge of the home place, which comprises too acres of valuable land, devoted to general crops. Mr. Herr has already displayed a most progressive spirit and advanced ideas, as regards the development of both the agrictiltural interests and the welfare of his section in general. He bids fair to become a worthy representative of a family which has stood second to none in Lancaster county for generations. On Sept. 4, 1900, Mr. Herr married Miss Cora L. Groff, daughter of Henry L. Groff, of that town- ship. In religion Mr. and Mrs. Herr are members of the Old Mennonite Church. Politically he is a Republican. SAMUEL S. SHELLY, general farmer and fertilizer agent, was born in Rapho township Dec. I, 1868, a son of Emanuel and Anna (Shearer) Shelly, of Rapho and Mt. Joy townships, respect- ively. The parents now reside near Manheim, in Rapho township, where they reside on and conduct a fine farm. The following children blessed their union : Samuel S. ; Anna, wife of Aaron Peters, a Rapho township farmer ; Emma, who died in child- hood; Emanuel, who died in youth; Nathan, living with his father ; and Amos, Maria, Ephraim, Har- vey, Lizzie, Minnie and Emma, all residing at home with their parents. The grandparents of Samuel S. Shelly were Samuel and Maria (Ager) Shelly, of Lancaster county. In 1890, at Manheim, Samuel S. Shelly was mar- ried to Miss Emma A. Keener. There have been born to this union the following children: Daisy K., Mabel K. and Minnie K. Mrs. Emma (Keen- er) Shelly was born in Rapho township in 1867, daughter of Jacob and Mary (Fretz) Keener, of Lancaster county. The father died on his farm in March, 1900, at the age of fifty-eight years, and is buried in- Sterns' Meeting Hoii.se cemetery. Mrs. Keener was born in 1848, and is still living m Rapho township. The following children of this union are living: Clayton, a farmer occupying the homestead ; Maggie, unmarried, residing with her mother ; and Emma, wife of Mr. Shelly. Samuel S. Shelly lived in the farm with his par- ents until his marriage, receiving in the meantime a good education in the public schools of the dis- trict. After his marriage he worked for his father on a share proposition until 1894, when he pur- chased and removed to his present home. He has been more than usually successful, which fact is due to his careful and thrifty habits. He is a Re- publican in politics, but has not yet sought for nor held office. Friendly to all, he commands the best wishes and respect of his neighbors. Mr. Shelly has at heart the best interests of his township, and allows no opportunity to pass which enables him to assist in measures for the improvement of the vi- cinity both socially and financially. 858 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Clayton F. Keener, brother of Mrs. Samuel S. Shelly, is a general farmer of Rapho township, and was born on the family homestead, where he now resides, Aug. 27, 1871. As already mentioned, the father died in 1900, while his widow resides in the township, near Chiques Church. Mr. Keener's grandfather, Joseph Keener, died in Milton Grove, in May, 1899, at the age of eighty-four years. For several years prior to his death, he lived retired, resting from the cares of business in which he had for so many years been so actively engaged. Mr. Keener's grandparents on his mother's side were Daniel and Margret Fretz. In March, 1897, in Manheim, Clayton F. Keener was married to Miss Amanda Metzger. One child, Jacob L., has been born to them. Mrs. Keener was born near Mid- dletown, Dauphin Co., Pa. Mr. Keener has, as stated, always lived on the family homestead, and under his management the place has yielded an abundant income. He is a Republican in politics, and takes an active interest in the affairs of the party. He is well known and well liked in his dis- trict, and, being progressive in all his tendencies, will some day, undoubtedly, take a prominent posi- tion in his community. ALDUS C. MYLIN, a prominent and substan- tial farmer and stock raiser of West Lampeter town- ship, Lancaster county, has been identified with the improvement and progress of that section for many years, residing on the old family homestead, which is located adjacent to the village limits of Willow- street. John B. Mylin, his father, resided upon the place previous to his retirement, at which time Aldus C, having been prepared by training, for an agri- cultural life, took charge of the estate, which he has most successfully managed ever since. The orig- inal homestead consisted of 126 acres of fine land, and to this Aldus C. Mylin has added two other tracts, of considerable extent, one of sixty acres, in West Hempfield, and another of 100 acres, in Manor township ; he is also the owner of a number of lots and smaller tracts. Some of his land is peculiarly adapted to the raising of stock and cattle, and is used for that purpose, as Mr. Mylin is much interested in and very successful in the breeding of stock; some of his horses have been regarded as very valuable. His stock and cattle are all high grade, and he has taken great pains to introduce only the finest strains into the neighborhood, thus benefiting his locality, and setting an example for others. All of the properties belonging to Aldus _C. Mylin may be recognized by the excellence of the improve- ments, and the air of thrift and prosperity which surrounds them, Mr. Mylin taking a personal in- terest in their preservation and adornment. He is known far and wide as a man of great generosity, ever ready to extend the helping hand, and although he has sometimes been the victim of ingratitude he has not lost faith in the world, and keeps on his Christian way. Although a stanch Republican, from principle, he has never sought nor consented to hold political office. Mr. Mylin received his education in the common schools. Aldus C. Mylin was married March 29, 1885, to Adaline Herr, daughter of David O. and Mary Ann (Huber) Herr, who was born in Manor town- ship, on the old homestead, near Creswell (formerly known as Turkey Hill), March 5, 1857. After mar- riage Mr. and Mrs. Mylin began housekeeping where they have resided ever since, and they are among the most respected members of the community. David Herr, the father of Mrs. Mylin, was born on the farm in Manor township June 30, 1826, son of David and Barbara (Olenweiler) Herr, and died Sept. 16, 1890. He was reared on the farm where he lived for a long time after marriage, residing there at the time of his death. His wife was born in West Hempfield, near Mountville, July 18, 1832, daughter of John and Elizabeth Huber, and died Nov. 19, 1876. A family of ten children was born to them : One that died in infancy ; John, who became a resident of the West ; Emma, residing in Millers- ville; Elizabeth, who married Jacob B. Herr, of Fulton township ; Adaline, who married Aldus C. Mylin ; Anna Mary and Susan, twins, deceased ; Ida, deceased, who married Amziah Herr; Fannie, de- ceased, and one that died in infancy. The members of this family were consistent members of the Evangelical Church. CLAYTON LANDIS GRABILL, the popular grocer of West King street, Lancaster, descends from ancestors who came from Germany to this country about 1700, settling in Lancaster county, and furnishing to this section some of its most re- liable and trustworthy people. John Grabill, his great-grandfather, was a farmer at Bareville. His father, Abram R. Grabill, was a farmer near Earl- ville, Lancaster county, and married Fianna Landis, daughter of Benjamin Landis, a farmer of Bareville. The children of this union are as follows : Henry M., a farmer in Kansas ; Ida A., wife of J. H. Black, a merchant tailor at Akron, Lancaster county ; Clay- ton L., of Lancaster; Landis B., at home; Ella, at home; Minnie C, wife of Rev. G. W. Hangen, of Lebanon ; and Carrie, at home. Clayton Landis Grabill was born on the old home- stead, near Earlville, in 1866, and was educated in the public schools of the district, attending until he reached the age of eighteen years, when he came to Lancaster and entered the grocery store of his uncle, with whom he remained seven years. At the expira- tion of that time he opened business on his own ac- count, establishing a store on West King street, which has become very popular under his careful and attentive management, and where he is found at the present time. So successful was Mr. Grabill in his efforts to please the public that he was en- couraged to open a branch store at the corner of North Queen and Lemon streets, which, conducted BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 859 on the high plane on which he has always done busi- ness, has commanded a very good patronage. Mr. Grahill married Miss Orpha Good, daughter of Daniel D. Good, well known in connection with the cattle trade. Mr. Grabill is an active and earnest member of the Covenant U. B. Church, of which he has been a trustee for the last ten years. No man of his years has shown more progressive business methods than has Mr. Grabill. Both his stores are constantly stocked with the latest and the best goods, and courtesy, fair dealing and a readiness to oblige and accommodate have won wide patronage. ABRAM K. ROHRER, member of the whole- sale florist firm of A. K. Rohrer & Co., Lancaster, was born in West Lampeter, Lancaster county, Nov. i6, 1872, son of Henry D. Rohrer, who is now par- tially retired from the florist business. Mr. Rohrer lived with his parents during his youth and early manhood, and received a practical education in the public schools of his neighborhood. In 1893 he became associated with the business life of Lancaster as a partner of L. S. Landis, of this city, continuing thus until June i, 1902, and he has since allied his energies with the firm of A. K. Rohrer & Co., florists. He is regarded as one of the promising and capable business men of Lancaster. On April 2, 1901, Mr. Rohrer married Anna E. Edgerly, daughter of Capt. Edward Edgerly, of this city. Mr. Rohrer is a member of the I. O. O. F., Lodge, No. 1 104, and is a Republican in National politics. Henry D. Rohrer^ father of Abram K., was born in East Lampeter, Lancaster county, in March, 1847, son of Abraham and Susan (Denlinger) Roh- rer, of East Lampeter, and grandson of Jacob Rohrer, who lived and died on his farm in Lampeter ; he was of Swiss extraction. Abraham Rohrer was a farmer in early life, but retired from business cares during the last twenty years preceding his death, which occurred in 1901, at the age of eighty-eight years. He is buried in Mellinger cemetery, beside his wife, who died in 1892, when eighty-three years of age. Born of this union were the following chil- dren: Abraham D., who died in 1901 ; John D. E., a retired farmer ; Henry D. ; Benjamin, living on the old homestead at East Lampeter ; and Anna D., who married Jacob Landis, a retired farmer of East Lam- peter. After attaining his majority Henry D. Rohrer left the paternal farm and went to that of his father- in-law, which he managed for about five years. In 1875 he bought with the proceeds of his toil some property in Lancaster, upon which he started a i^orist business with his brother Abraham D., con- tinuing the same with marked success for eighteen years. The brother then entered upon a retail florist business, and Mr. Rohrer built the present wholesale plant at the end of East Orange street, which he still owns and manages. He has accomplished great good for his special part of the town, and may be said to have entirely laid out the east end at his own expense, planting trees and shrubs, and otherwise imparting an air of thoughtful care to an erstwhile neglected suburb. The greenhouses, which have no stiperior, and which are still managed by him, are known from one end of the State to the other, and in many of the large cities in the surrounding States. In addition to roses, violets and carnations the firm ships more mushrooms than any other one concern in the State. They do only a wholesale business. In October, 1869, Mr. Rohrer married Mary Kreider, daughter of Tobias Kreider, a retired farm- er living in West Lampeter, at an advanced age. To Mr. and Mrs. Rohrer have been born three chil- dren : Abram K., Harry K. and Ella. JACOB L. SNYDER. The agricultural inter- ests of Lancaster county, are in no .danger of neglect as long as such active and progressive young men are at the helm as is Jacob L. Snyder, the sub- ject of this biography. Mr. Snyder was born Jan. 14, 1872, a son of Christian and Susan (Longenecker) Snyder, of Warwick township, the former being one of the leading agricultural men of that section living near the town of Lititz. The grandfather of Jacob L. Snyder, was Christian Snyder, well known in his day as a wealthy and respected man, and reared these children : Simon, a farmer in Clay township ; Hiram, of Stevens ; Mrs. Mary Nolt, of Hinkletown ; Mrs. Barbara Striner, of Murrell ; Abraham A., a farmer near Murrell ; and Christian B., the father of Jacob L. Christian B. Snyder married Susan Longe- necker, in t866, and four children were born of this union : Agnes, who married Jacob Wissler, of Clay township ; Jacob L., of this sketch ; Amanda, who died in childhood; and Nathan, born Nov. 20, 1876, who married, Oct. 10, 1897, Emma Brubaker. Jacob L. Snyder was born on. the farm in War- wick township, and grew up accustomed to agri- cultural pursuits, receiving his education in the ex- cellent common schools of his district. The fine cul- tivation which his farm of eighty-three acres shows, and the improvements mark him as one of the pro- gressive, careful and successful farmers of this part of the county. Prosperity has smiled upon him, but it is because he has carefully attended to his affairs, living an industrious and upright life, and possessing the respect and esteem of his neighbors. On Aug. ID, 1893, Jacob L. Snyder was married to Miss Sadie H. Walter, of Lititz, the estimable daughter of Jacob and Kate (Hacker) Walter, of Lititz, and to this tmion has come one son, Christian Walter, born Nov. 6, 1895. The farm of our sub- ject is pleasantly located about one-half mile east of the town of Lincoln, and thus the family can en- joy both town and country associations. Reared in the Mennonite faith, Jacob L. Snyder has lived an upright life, and possesses every requisite for a long, happy and useful career. 860 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY EZRA H. ZERCHER is a young farmer of East Donegal township who is rapidly coming into notice as thoroughly awake and progressive in his calling, that of agriculture, to which he has devoted his life. Mr. Zercher is engaged both as a general farmer and as the manager of the chop mills, which are very popular among his neighbors as a means of getting cattle feed in the best shape, and at moderate prices. Ezra H. Zercher was born in Conestoga town- ship, Lancaster county, Jan. ig, 1870, son of Jacob Zercher, whose family history arid personal sketch are found elsewhere. Mr. Zercher was married, Nov. 24, 1893, at the home of the bride's parents, in the township of Rapho, to Lizzie F. Hertzler, and the following children have been born to this union : Hpward H., who is deceased; Anna, deceased; and Beulah. Mrs. Lizzie F. (Hertzler) Zercher was born in Rapho township, Aug. 10, 1874, daughter of John H. and Salinda (Forney) Hertzler, who were born in Manor and West Donegal townships, respectively. They are now living in Rapho township, where they are spending their last days in quiet and peace, hav- ing given up the active care and labor of life to younger and more vigorous hands. Ezra H. Zercher remained at home with his par- ents until his marriage, when he began business for himself on a farm of eighty-four acres in East Done- gal, where he did well, making many friends by his industrious habits and upright character. In 1901 he bought a farm of seventy-four acres, three-fourths of a mile south of Mt. Joy, and a few days after making the purchase, with the kind aid of his neigh- bors, he tore down the old structures, which were probably the oldest in the locality, the rude figures upon the builder's stone indicating the year 1765. These structures are now laid low with the ground, and in their place is erected a new house and barn, with all the modern improvements. In 1902 Mr. Zercher moved from the old farm to his new home, which he has just completed. The chop mill, which is noted above, was put up for Mr. Zercher in June, 1899, by Stauffer & Newcomer, of Mt. Joy, and is operated by a twelve-horse power gasoline engine. It is a fine piece of machinery, and is regarded as one of the best in the county. In politics Mr. Zercher votes the Republican ticket, and in his religious convictions he is a de- vout member of the Church of the River Brethren, to which the Zercher family have long belonged. ALBERT HARTMAN. One of the progres- sive and successful business citizens of Lancaster county is Albert Hartman, the leading hatter, who conducts a large hat and gents furnishing store at Columbia, and another, equally prosperous, in Lan- caster. Mr. Hartman owns and carries on the oldest hat store in the county, having lately purchased the Arnold hat store, in the Zahm building, located on the Square, in Lancaster. Mr. Hartman was born in Columbia July i, 1869, son of John and Elizabeth (Heller) Hartman, the former of whom had been born and reared with his parents in York county, and the latter at Colum- bia, in Lancaster county. In 1847 Mr. Hartman moved to Columbia, where he engaged in painting, contracting and decorating for some years, and later became a successful speculator in real estate. His death took place Aug. 2, 1895, when he was aged sixty-five years. His widow, now aged sixty-nine years, is one of the very highly esteemed residents of Columbia. The children born to John and Elizabeth Hartman were: William, a decorator, living in Columbia ; Emma, who died young ; John, a resident of Columbia; Anna, who died young; Charles, of Columbia ; and Albert, whose home is also in Colum- bia, although he does business also in Lancaster, as noted. Mr. Hartman was reared in Columbia, and there attended the public schools until he was twelve years of age, when he entered the hat and furnishing goods store of H. H. Lockard, as a clerk, remaining there four years, during which time he became thorough- ly instructed in the details of the business. He then accepted a position in a merchant tailoring establish- ment, and two years later again became associated with the hat business, with M. P. Roop, with whom he remained three years. Mr. Hartman had now reached the age of twenty, and had so completely learned his business that he felt qualified to embark in the same line, opening up a business in hats and gents furnishings which has continued to gather fresh patronage since its start. On April 24, 1902, he purchased the above mentioned store in Lancas- ter, and has invested a large capital, which is bring- ing him ample and satisfactory returns. His long experience in this line enables him to buy and sell to advantage, while his trade connections are such as to insure the best and latest designs in his very complete line. In Columbia, in 1899, Mr. Hartman was united in marriage with Miss Lillie A. Rodgers, who was born in Milltown, Lancaster county, daughter of John B. Rodgers, of this county. Mr. Hartman is a member of the Masonic fra- ternity, affiliating with Lodge No. 286, of Columbia. He ranks high in the world of trade, and in- his home comnumity is held in esteem on account of personal characteristics, having a wide circle of warmly at- tached friends. ACTON ASH LeFEVRE, druggist and per- fumer in Lancaster city, belongs to a family as old as that of the Penns. His first ancestor in America was Isaac LeFevre, a French Huguenot, who, com- ing to this country to escape persecution, joined Penn in London, and accompanied him in 1682. Some time before coming to this country he secured from Queen Anne a grant of land of 2,000 acres, lying between what is now Strasburg borough and Paradise, in this county. Strasburg was named in BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 861 honor of the old historic French city from which he came. The earhest of his ancestors in Europe of whom we have any knowledge translated the Bible mto French for the first time, and was a correspond- ent of Martin Luther and Zwingli. One of this fam- ily became a great general under the first Napoleon. Part of the Strasburg grant of land is still in the possession of the LeFevres, and the cornerstone of the first log house erected by the first ancestor of the family in that section is still preserved. Franklin Penn LeFevre, the father of Acton A., was a widely known resident of this county. He married Catherine Fulmer Ash, a descendant of a family of Revolutionary fame, and to this union were born five children, all of whom are living: Elmer I., in the lumber trade at Coatesville ; Acton A., of Lancaster; Elizabeth S. ; Benjamin Herr, a florist of Washington, D. C. ; and Mary, unmarried and at home. Acton Ash LeFevre was born Feb. 5, 1870, on the homestead near Strasburg, and was educated in the public schools of Lancaster, to which city his father removed while he was still a young lad. Leaving the high school, he entered the drug busi- ness, and after satisfactory examinations entered the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, from which he was graduated in 1894, acquiring the degree of Ph. G. The same year he opened an elegant drug store at the corner of South Queen and Conestoga streets, where he built up a handsome trade, and for four years of the time he was the owner of the sec- ond drug store located in the western part of the city. On Jan. i, 1900, Mr. LeFevre began the manu- facture of perfumery, being the first in Lancaster to engage in that line. His first effort was on the Acton Carnation Pink, which sprang into instant and widespread popularity, and he has customers throughout the United States and Canada. He now manufactures a full line, consisting of many flower extracts, toilet waters, sachet's, soaps and specialties. His trade of these delicate toilet articles extends throughout the country and is rapidly spreading, and has necessitated the erection of an extensive new laboratory. Mr. LeFevre was married Oct. 15, 1894, to Miss Emma L., daughter of Frederick Wettig, a respected citizen of Lancaster. To this union have been born two children, Helen Catherine and Adelyne. Mr. LeFevre is a Baptist in religion and a Republican in politics. An earnest and progressive business man, his methods rank with the best in the community, and his personal character is such as to command the confidence and respect of all with whom he deals. JACOB L. EBERSOLE, a general farmer and highly-respected citizen of Conoy township, was born on the farm where he is now living. May 3, 1866, son of Jacob R. and Anna (Lehman) Eber- sole, whose married life was passed on the same place. There the father was born, and is now living retired, at the age of sixty-five years ; and there the mother, who was born in Dauphin county, died Sept. 29, 1897, at the age of sixty-four years, and was buried in a private burying-ground which forms a part of the estate. Both parents were members of the Mennonite Church. They had the following children : Peter L., a farmer in Conoy township ; Lizzie, who is unmarried and lives at home ; Maria L., at home ; and Jacob L. The paternal grandparents of Jacob L. Ebersole were Rev. Peter and Mary (Risser) Ebersole, the former of whom was a bishop in the Mennonite Church for many years, and was engaged in farm- ing in addition to his clerical labors. He died in 1870, at the age of eighty years, his wife in 1866. Their children were: Barbara, who lives in this county, and is unmarried; Peter R., who died in 1899 ; Anna R., wife of Jacob Ebersole, of Lebanon county ; Fanny R., deceased, wife of John E. Eber- sole ; and Jacob R. Peter Lehman and his wife lived in Dauphin county, where he was engaged in farming, and where his daughter, Anna, the mother of Jacob L. Ebersole, was born. Jacob L. Ebersole and Miss Sadie U. Ober were married in Manheim in September, 1888, and have had the following children : Johnson O., Jennie O., Reuben O., Bertha O., Lizzie O., Agnes O., Sadie O. and Emma O. Mrs. Ebersole was born in West Donegal township, this county, Feb. 21, 1865, a daughter of John Ober, a wagonmaker of that town- ship. Her parents were honorable and industrious people, and she is a woman highly respected by all who know her. Mr. Ebersole has remained with his parents on the home farm up to the present time. He takes an active and enlightened interest in public affairs, is a clever and thrifty man, energetic and enterprising, and has made an enviable name for himself. Both he and his wife belong to the Mennonite Church, and in politics he is a Republican. BENJAMIN W. HIRSH, youngest son of Abraham Hirsh, whose biography appears else- where, was born in Lancaster, and acquired his edu-' cation in the city schools. Early in life he was taken into his father's store and given a practical knowl- edge of the extensive business which that gentleman had developed. The young man remained in the store for some time, but millinery and jewelry did not seem to be his line, and in 1887 he succeeded Cyrus Colvin in the livery business in Lancaster, continuing in that business until 1893, when he turned his attention to the handling of fine horses for the Philadelphia markets, buying largely in Canada and Wisconsin, and preparing the horses for sale at his own stables, known as the Eagle stables. This business he conducted for five years, in connection with the stables of the Northern Bank, and then was engaged exclusively for himself two years, with as many as eighty-six horses on his hands at one time. He has owned and tracked some of the 862 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY most speedy horses in the State. Mr. Hirsh moved to North Queen street in 1895, and opened one of the largest stables in the city, which was destroyed by fire the following year, the loss to him being very heavy. For several months following the fire he was in charge of the Northern Bank stables, and -then located at Cherry alley, his present location. Mr. Hirsh is a thorough horseman, and a fine judge of horseflesh, and his attention is given exclusively to the horse business. He is a keen and shrewd busi- ness man, and is advancing rapidly to the front among the solid and successful men of Lancaster. He has been long recognized as a progressive and broad-minded citizen, one of the kind who prove useful members of a community. Socially Mr. Hirsh belongs to the Germania, Maennerchor and Club, and the Liederkrantz Society. Benjamin W. Hirsh and Mrs. Cora Cheever were married June 12, 1900. Mrs. Hirsh is a daughter of J esse Good, and is a lady of many charm- ing traits and characteristics. MISS ANNA MYER, of Conestoga township, Lancaster county, has the distinction of owning and conducting a farm herself quite as well as a man could do it. Her great-grandfather, Samuel Myer, who came from Germany, settled in Conestoga town- ship about 1720, and took up 180 acres of land near Conestoga Center; he always followed farming. There were five children in his family: Nathaniel, who went to Oregon Territory and died there; So- crates ; Rudolph, who was^ drowned in the Susque- hanna river; Peggy, wife of Benjamin Shenk, of Conestoga township ; and Samuel, grandfather of Miss Anna Myer. Samuel Myer was a minister of the Old Men- nonite Church. He started in the tanning business about 1812, on the farm where Miss Myer now lives, and the business is still carried on by her brother Abram. He married a Miss Harnish, of Conestoga township, and they became the parents of fourteen children: Anna, wife of Benjamin Kauffman; Rudolph, father of Anna Myer; Maria, wife of Christian Herr; Fannie, wife of Abram Miller, of Manor township ; Jacob, of Ohio ; Barbara, wife of Christian Hertzler, of Cumberland county; Eliza- beth, wife of Abram Miland, of Pequea township; Abram, of Conestoga township; and several chil- dren who died in infancy. Rudolph Myer, father of Anna Myer, was born in 1807. Pie was educated in the public schools and lived at home with his parents until the age of eight- een, when he went to work in the tanyard where he was employed for something over six years, at the end of that time buying the business from his father and continuing it on his own behalf until the time" of his death, in 1886. He was a member of the Old Men- nonite Church. He married Miss Susan Miller, of Manor township, and was the father of eight chil- dren: Barbara, wife of Jacob Charles, of Pequea township; x\bram, of Conestoga; Mary, wife of Jo- seph Eshleman, of Martic; Rudolph, who died in childhood ; Isaac, who died in childhood ; Samuel, of Conestoga township; Susan, wife of Joseph Har- nish, of Pequea township; and Miss Anna, whose name opens this sketch. INIiss Myer is a fine manager, and under her rule the old homestead is kept in the very finest condi- tion and is profitable as well. She is certainly to be congratulated on her fine executive ability, and is respected and esteemed by all who know her. REV. CHARLES TOMPSON KNOX. The city of Lancaster takes a prominent place with her sister cities in educational, philanthropic and re- ligious enterprises, and it is not a matter of surprise that within her borders Rev. Charles Tompson Knox, a Baptist minister endowed with youth, abil- ity and true Christian spirit, should have been able to so interest the citizens at large, that they wel- comed the establishment there of a little mission which was modestly named by its founder "The Strangers' Mission." Few at that date could have been found, however, to believe in the self-denial ' and continued enthusiasm of the young clergyman, or to have predicted the wonderful results from that small beginning. Rev. Charles Tompson Knox was born at Rock Island, 111., June 24, 1867. His paternal grand- father, Charles Bishop Knox, was born in Bland- ford, Mass., and after his marriage to Mary Gor- ham moved West, settling in Rock Island at a time when that thriving city contained only three houses. Curtis Bishop Knox, a son of Charles Bishop Knox, for the past thirty years has been in the em- ploy of the United States Government, in the Rock Island Arsenal. He married Martha Tompson, and three children were born to this union: One child died in infancy; Martha Tompson married George Stoughtenberg, who is a merchant in Moline, 111., and the third is the founder and the beloved pastor of "The Strangers' Mission" and "The Door of Hope" in L-ancaster. Mr. Knox obtained his education at Shurtlefif College, Alton, 111., and afterward was ordained a Baptist minister, on Sept. 10, 1891. Coming to the city of Lancaster for a temporary sojourn, the trend of events, in June, 1895, led him into the work which resulted in the establishment of "The Strang- ers' Mission" and, later, "The Door of Hope," in- stitutions which have done more in the way of phil- anthropy and charity and general usefulness than almost any other combination of benevolent enter- prises. No such missionary work as has been done by Mr. Knox has ever been accomplished by any other agency or association of individuals in the his- tory of the city. The scope and history of this won- derful work is told by Mr. Knox himself in a modest but convincing way, in "The Manual of the Strang- ers' Mission," from which we have been permitted to make the following extract : "In 1895 I was in Lancaster temporarily for an- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY other purpose, and was induced to start a Sunday- school in the Httle old schoolhouse opposite the Lan- caster County Almshouse, which I secured through the kindness of the school board. This was done through the urgency of a lady whom I met, who felt the need of Christian work among the people of the East End. "Accordingly, on July 7, 1895, the first session was opened with twenty-eight people present. Hav- ing other business that engaged me closely during the week, so that there was no time nor strength for pastoral work, it was nevertheless agreeable to me to preach the Word of God once on Sunday. To this I consented. It bound me to nothing and pledged no one else. There was no covenant and no salary. Miss Eliza E. Smith, a rich and benevo- lent lady of Lancaster, became the first contributor, and a warm friend and substantial patroness of the work. "In this way, trusting only in God, and free to leave when I would, the first year passed quickly away. With the first anniversary in 1896, came the intimation that the school board could no longer permit us to occupy the school building for religi- ous services. The members of the board were not in any way unfriendly to the good work, but out- side affairs now forced them to refuse us the use of the schoolhouse any longer. "Not discouraged, we set about securing other quarters, and an undenominational church was organized, and the Holy Communion was admin- istered. During 1896 the work grew rapidly, friends multiplied, people were drawn into the Church and many souls saved. "At the end of the second year the work had so enlarged, and my pastoral duties became so mani- fold, that I now felt sure God would have me to cut loose from all visible means of support and trust Him alone. Whereupon I took up my abode in the Mission house, spread my table, and opened my door to all who came needing help or shelter. No one has ever been turned from the door, and God has succored the work, and we never lacked assist- ance in, nor futherance of, the good work. "The needs of the poor of our city now impressed me, and a Day Nursery was opened to care for children whose mothers were obliged to toil for their daily bread. An employment agency- was also opened, to serve as a medium where those wanting help and those in need of employment could have their respective wants filled. And still another branch of the uplifting work was the estab- Hshment of a free medical dispensary, to aid the sick poor. The following well-known physicians of Lancaster have been untiring in their services in connection with my various charities : Drs. M. L. Herr, A. M. Underwood, F. G. Hartman, T. B. Appel, Wm. H. Herr, Frank Alleman, W. S. Bren- holtz and G. L. Cassel." The third anniversary found the work still pro- gressing. Willing and influential friends made it possible to open the second "Strangers' Mission" in Faegleyville, a quarter in Lancaster that had long been in need of such missionary work, and where under the earnest ministrations of Rev. Mr. Knox and his loyal band of helpers, most encouraging headway has been made. The fourth anniversary, in 1899, found the pastor of this unique church, with its auxiliary mis- sionary work, with new responsibilities confronting him. "A Door of Hope," for fallen women, had been opened. On Oct. 2, 1899, the home was con- secrated to its grand, soul-saving and rescuing pur- poses, and it immediately opened its doors to fallen but repentant women. During that year the insti- tution fed and sheltered many. As freely as assist- ance came to it from all quarters, so freely and bounteously it was dispensed to those in need. In the winter of 1901, influenced by a strange leading of God, while visiting Mrs. E. M. Whitte- more, of New York, Rev. Mr. Knox felt the need of a gospel meeting to be held every night for the peo- ple of the street in Lancaster. This same peculiar leading, working on H. Z. Rhoads, caused him to offer a hall in his beautiful building in the center of the city, and thus was opened Central Hall, where the Gospel of Jesus is preached and sung every night. This work is essentially a faith work, and as such has been blessed by God. The faithful pastor has never received one dollar as salary, and though all the contributions which support the various enterprises are entirely voluntary, the work has never halted an hour for lack of means. Mr. Knox is a strong man, one whose heart has been set upon a clearly defined purpose, and no personal lack has ever turned him from the great and noble standard which he has set up to reach. May he be still prospered in his labors! MARTIN G. HESS, the efficient and popular cashier of the Keystone National Bank of Manheim, is a native of Lancaster county, born in Penn town- ship April 5, 1865, son of Levi H. and Salinda .S. (Gross) Hess, now residents of Manheim. His fa- ther is a retired farmer, is domestic in his tastes, and a Republican in politics. Religiously both he and his wife are members of the Mennonite Church. In the family of this worthy couple were ten children, namely ; Noah, a fruit grower and farmer of Roths- ville, Lancaster county ; Henry, deceased ; Martin G., of this review ; Mary, wife of A. H. Brubaker, living near Rohrerstown, Lancaster county; Levi, manager of a branch house of the American Wringer Company at Springfield, Mass. ; Phares, a teacher in the public schools of Lancaster county ; Salinda, at home; Elam, a school teacher in Lan- caster county ; Ammon, attending school at Mt. Her- mon, Mass. ; and Jerome, who is attending school in Manheim, and resides at home. Martin G. Hess received his early education in the public schools near his boyhood home, and later 864 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY took a business course at the Coleman Business College, Newark, N. J. In June, 1888, he entered the Keystone National Bank, as a clerk, and in No- vember, 1890, was appointed cashier, which re- sponsible position he has since filled with credit and distinction. In December, 1901, he assisted in the organization of the Denver National Bank, of Den- ver, this county, and was elected its first president. He was one of the promoters of the Lancaster, Petersburg & Manheim trolley railroad, of which he is a director. Mr. Hess is a young man of good business ability, energetic and progressive, and commands the respect and confidence of all with whom he comes in contact, either in business or in social life. On Sept. 23, 1890, Mr. Hess married Miss Emma R. Erb. Both hold membership in the Ger- man Reformed Church. JOHN F. LANDIS, a retired farmer of West Donegal township, whose years and industrious life alike command respect and confidence, is still en- gaged in operating a feed mill in that township, on the farm where he has spent so many honest and laborious years. Mr. Landis was born in Manheim township, near Neffsville, Sept. 30, 1837, son of David and Nancy (Frick) Landis, both natives of Lancaster county. The father was a farmer, and in his younger days a blacksmith, and retired from active work some two years prior to his death, Dec. 25, 1864, at the age of fifty-eight years. His widow survived many years, dying June 23, 1885, when over seventy-six years old. They were buried in the cemetery connected with the Landis Meeting House, a well-known place of worship in Manheim township for the Mennonite people, to whom they belonged. To them were born the following chil- dren, all deceased but Abraham and John F. : Eliza married George Shreiner ; Mary died young ; Ephraim died in Wadsworth, Ohio, at the age of fifty-three years ; David died in Lancaster in 1900, aged sixty-five years; Abraham is a retired farmer in Washington "county, Md. ; Samuel died Oct. 21, 1865; his twin sister, Ann^, married John Bol- linger; Fanny married Jacob Kertz; Margaret married Christ Hess, of Manheim township, and died in 1900; John F. is mentioned below. The paternal grandparents of John F. Landis were John and Mary (Suavely) Landis, of Lan- caster county, who spent their lives in farming. His maternal grandparents were John and Ver- onica (Martin) Frick, both Lancaster people. John F. Landis ' and Magdelina Keller were married in Manheim township, Sept. 13, 1859, and to them have come the following children : Lizzie, wife of Jacob Horst, a farmer in Mt. Joy township ; Franklin K., an employe at Buch's works, in Eliza- bethtown. Pa.; Martin K., engineer in Kreider's shoe factory, Elizabeth, Pa. ; Amanda K., deceased ; Phares K., a farmer and operator of a steam thresher in West Donegal township ; Samuel K., a farmer, gristmiller and coachmaker in Rapho town- ship; Maggie K., who married George Floyd, of West Donegal township ; John K., deceased ; Katie K., married to Harvey Hostetter, a farmer in West Donegal township; Harry K., salesman for the New Holland Machine works, who resides at Mt. Joy; and Clayton K., deceased. Mrs. Magdelina Landis was born near Lititz, Pa., Dec. 6, 1839, daughter of Frederick and Cath- arine (Gross) Keller, both natives of Lancaster county, her father having been born on a farm in Ephrata township, and her mother in East Donegal, on the Gross homestead. They were farming people, and led worthy lives. John F. Landis remained with his parents until, he reached the age of twenty-two, when he married, and for eight years was engaged in the cultivation of the old homestead. At the end of that time he sold out and moved into Elizabeth township, where he en- gaged in farming for twelve years. Selling out, he moved to West Donegal township, on the farm of his wife's uncle, John Gross. In 1880 he built a new barn, in which he put up a steam custom chop milL which he ran together with the farm until the spring of 1887, when he gave the charge of the farm to his son Phares and contimied milling. On the night of Nov. 18, 1897, the barn mysteriously burned down.. It was rebuilt, and the mill has continued in opera- tion up to the present time. John F. Landis and his wife belong to what is. called the Stauflfer denomination, a non-voting peo- ple, who take no part in any office of the Common- wealth or participate in any worldly corporation. HENRY KEENER, one of the old and most re- spected citizens of Lancaster county, has presented in his career an example of what may be accom- plished by exemplary living, and the exercise of hon- esty and industry. Coming to Lancaster county a poor boy, with no capital but youth and energy, he is now regarded as one of the substantial citizens, whose financial backing would be sufficient to en- sure the success of almost any enterprise. His ac- cumulation of means Tias been accomplished through hard, earnest toil, as his principles would never have- permitted him to look with any favor upon any specu- lative scheme with a view to increasing his possess- ions. Henry Keener was born Jan. 31, 1819, in Bavaria,. Germany, son of Henry and Maggie (Springling) Keener, both of whom in time became residents of the United States, and passed away in this land- Grandfather Keener was a member of the Old Men- nonite Church, but the parents of Henry Keener were connected with the Presbyterian Church, in which the father was an elder. The mother lived to be seventy-three years old, and died in the home of her son George, while the father died in the home of his son Philip, at the age of seventy-five ; both were- buried in the old Musser burying-ground, in Lea- f^m?^ /{xe^u\ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 865 cock township. Henry and Maggie Keener were the parents of eight children: Philip, deceased; Peter, who died in Leacock township ; Henry, whose name introduces this biography; Catherine, widow of Philip Hohman, who resided near New Hol- land ; Stephen, a farmer of Leacock township ; Mat- tie, deceased, who was the wife of A. Burtice; George, who was a farmer in Washington county, Md. ; and Adam, a resident of Westchester, Penn- sylvania. Henry Keener was reared in his native country, and remained there until the age of twenty, at which time he decided that he could better his prospects by emigrating to the United States, and he was the first of his family to leave the old home. Making his way to a port in France, he embarked on the ves- sel "Louis Philippe," and landed on these shores March 23, 1840, a very homesick and discouraged youth for a time, as he was a stranger in a strange land, and understood very little of the language. The season for farm work was about opening, however, and he obtained a few months' employment at farm labor near Albany, N. Y. But after the harvest was gathered there was no more work for him in that locality, and he made his way to the metropolis, later to Philadelphia, and finally to Lancaster county, where he knew he should, at least, find countrymen. The fifty cents he had in his possession at the time of his arrival lasted but a short time, and he again felt almost disheartened, but calling his resolution to as- sist him he made his way to Bird-in-Hand, and soon made friends with a most excellent man, John Stauffer. This friend in need gave him employment at wood cutting and general utility work, and here he was also offered work in the mills, at $15 per month, but he wisely decided that he could prosper better at farm worlc, and remained with his new friend and employer for more than a year. In his early home Henry Keener had been taught habits of frugality, which he continued to practice later in life, the result being that year by year he was able to add to his means. When he married, in 1843, he began farming, in a small way, on sixteen acres of land in East Lampeter township, renting this property for two years. In the meantime he had purchased a small tract of land, upon which he lived two years, finally disposing of it and again renting, cultivating for two succeeding years a farm of eighty acres. Going next to Benjamin King's place, he took charge of his farm, remaining upon it for seven years, and then, in association with his brother Adam, rented the Lime Valley mill, conducting same for one year. At this time Mr. Keener felt ready to purchase the farm upon which he now lives, consisting then of seventy-one acres, and in the course of time bought seventy-five adjoining acres, later selling ten of these. He entered upon general farming on an extensive scale, giving that work his undivided attention, and employing the most approved methods in the pro- duction and succession of crops, demonstrating that 55 his long management of the land of others had well prepared him to make the best returns from his own. At present his son, John B., possesses the old farm, Mr. Keener retaining his last purchase, now sixty- five acres, for his own residence. Henry Keener was married, in 1843, to Barbara Bally, who was born Feb. 22, 1822, and who died in February, 1 90 1. They had three children: Mag- gie, who- is the wife of Sylvester F. Sweigert, a farmer and baker in Paradise township ; Lizzie, who is the wife of Samuel Martin, of Strasburg ; and John B., who is one of the leading farmers of Strasburg township, is an elder in the Old Mennonite Church, and wedded Lizzie Martin. Mr. Keener is an ad- herent to the Old Mennonite faith, as was also his wife. He is one of the stockholders in the Strasburg National Bank. Many still remember when he was a poor but honest boy, a stranger in their midst, and his life tells its own lesson of what can be accom- plished by steady,, persistent effort. Mr. Keener has had a beneficial influence in Lancaster county, and no family is more highly respected, either in the church or in the community, than his. JACOB FRANKLIN TREXLER, M. D., an eminent surgeon and physician of Lancaster, was born in Berks county May 5, 1863. His parents, Henry J. and Mary A. (Kercher) Trexler, are both descended from ante-Revolution families who came to America from Germany, and received their land grants in Berks county, Pa., from the then reigning king of England. The founders of the Trexler fam- ily in this country were two brothers, one of whom settled in Oley and the other in Mertztown, Berks county, the Doctor belonging to the latter branch of the family. Most of the members of this family have been engaged in farming and the iron in- dustry, but several adopted professional pursuits, and became eminent in the ministry of the Lutheran Church and in the practice of medicine. Jacob F. Trexler passed his boyhood on the home farm. He attended the district school, and on leaving the public school attended the Keystone Normal, and later Wyoming Seminary, at Kings- ton, Pa., finally entering Muhlenburg College, at Allentown. In 1885 he began the study of medi- cine under Dr. P. W. Wertz, of Long Swamp, and in 1886 entered the University of Pennsylvania, and after three years of arduous study entered Jef- ferson Medical College, in 1893, from -which he graduated with the class of 1894. There was an in- terim, however, between his leaving the University and his entering Jefferson College, of which he availed himself to travel quite extensively. For a time he was associated incidentally with the cele- brated Dr. Agnew, from whom he received consid- erable assistance in the prosecution of his medical studies. After graduation Dr. Trexler located in Lan- caster, where his ability and skill found immediate recognition and secured for him a sure and re- 866 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY munerative practice. He gives considerable atten- tion to bacteriology, as well as pathology, and he is now connected with St. Joseph's Hospital as a mem- ber of the staff, having charge of all examination with the X-ray apparatus. He is a constant and devoted student of his art, and is a member of the County Medical and Pathological Societies, to which he has contributed many valuable essays and reports of his personal experiences. Besides his extensive medical practice the Doctor finds time to interest himself in industrial pursuits, so comm.on in the great State of Pennsyl- vania. In partnership with his brother, John Louis Trexler, who individually operated a corn mill in Mertztown, the Doctor has been engaged since 1897 in the stave and lumber business at the same place, under the style of the Trexler Stave & Lumber Company, Limited, with branch plants at Ashfield and Huntingdon,- and of this company the Doctor is president. They employ about eighty-four men, and the output is principally distributed throughout the States of Pennsylvania and New Jersey. Dr. Trexler was united in marriage, in 1891, at Farmdale, Lancaster county, with Miss Ella Stoner Moore, daughter of Michael H. and Bar- bara S. Moore. The Doctor and his wife are mem- bers of Trinity Lutheran Church, in the work of which the Doctor has always been earnest and ac- tive ever since his confirmation in the faith. He was a member of the executive committee which organized the Lutheran League of America, and for two years was a treasurer of the State Lutheran League. The Doctor is very affable, and has won for himself hosts of friends, and he and his wife are ever welcome in the highest social circles of Lancaster, while his professional reputation is such as any physician might well take pride in, and still not be suspected or accused of vanity — a failing quite foreign to the Doctor's make-up. AMAZIAH H. HOSTETTER, a very success- ful and popular hardware and implement dealer at Intercourse, was born in Paraaise township, Lan- caster county, Sept. 7, 1861, a son of Abram and Ly- dia A. (Herr) Hostetter. The father was born in 1833 in New Providence, was a farmer, and is now living retired in Paradise township. In his more ac- tive years he was quite prominent in local affairs, and long served as school director. He and his wife are members of the Mennonite Church. Abram and Lydia A. Hostetter have had the following children : Letitia married Andrew Harnish, of Strasburg township ; Amaziah H. is mentioned be- low ; Isaac, who married a Miss Slaymaker, is a farmer in Paradise township ; Jacob is a resident of Strasburg township ; Abraham died young. The parents of Abram Hostetter were David and Catherine (Miller) Hostetter, farming people of Lancaster county. The parents of Mrs. Lydia A. Hostetter were Isaac and Elizabeth Herr, farming people of Lancaster county. Amaziah H. Hostetter was married Nov. 28, 1883, in Lancaster, to Miss Evaline B. Denlinger. To this union came one child, Mary A. Mrs. Eva- line B. Hostetter was born in Paradise township Nov. 13, 1861, and is a sister of Mrs. Henry Hersliey. Amaziah H. Hostetter was reared on the paternal estate, and remained under the parental roof until he reached the age of twenty-three years. For the twelve years ensuing he was engaged in farming, until 1895, in which year he went into his present business, which has become both lucrative and pleasant. His place of business he bought from Abram Kurtz. For some three years he was in partnership with Elmer Hilt, whom he bought out, and has since carried on the business alone. He is a member of the Mennonite Church, and in politics is a Republican. ALDUS F. NEFF, a truck farmer of East Lampeter township, is one of the energetic and thrifty young farmer citizens of his locality. He was born July 13, 1864, in West Lampeter town- ship, this county, son of Frederick Neff. Frederick Neff was born in Lancaster county Sept. 7, 1820, received a common-school education, and lived at home until he was about twenty-one years of age. He then learned the carpenter's trade with Peter Baker, of East Lampeter town- ship, and after he had served his time began busi- ness for himself, contracting and building, which he followed imtil his death, Oct. 18, 1884. Mr. Neff was a member of the Lutheran Church. He married for his first wife Miss Joanna Caskey, and they were the parents of eight children : Mary, de- ceased; Jacob, of Lancaster City; John, deceased; Catherine, wife of Abraham Hoover; Salome, wife of Hosmer Aument; Barbara, deceased; Elam, de- ceased; and Susanna, deceased, wife of Henry Jones. The mother of these died March 24, 1858, and Mr. Neff married Mrs. Catherine (Meek) Raub, widow of Amos Raub. They became the parents of three children : Amanda, wife of David W. Herr; Amos, who is deceased; and Aldus F. Aldus F. Neff lived at home with his parents until he was about twenty years of age, when he began farming and trucking for himself. He has continued same up to the present time by prefer- ence, although he learned the carpenter's trade with his father. In 1899 he purchased the place where he now resides, and which contains four acres, one of the finest garden spots in Lancaster county. Mr. Neff is public-spirited and active in the affairs of his locality, having served efficiently as collector, three 3'ears ; judge of election, four years; and in- spector, four years. In political sentiment he is a Republican. On Dec. 30, 1890, Mr. Neff wedded Miss Min- nie Weitzel, daughter of George Weitzel, and to this union have been born two children. Earl W. and Catherine E., both at home. Mr. Neff is one BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 867 of Lancaster county's most progressive young men, fully alive to the best interests of the community in general. LAFAYETTE HAMILTON. There are many young men and thriving agriculturists in Salisbury township, Lancaster county, but there are few who have reached prominence in two lines at so early an age as Lafayette Hamilton, whose residence and shop are in the village of Spring Garden. Mr. Hamilton was born in the township of Para- dise, May 30, i860, son of Joseph and Margaret (Hoover) Hamilton, the former of whom was a prosperous farmer, and died near Gap, in Salisbury township, July 3, 1878, at the age of fifty-eight years; his wife died April 4, 1875, when she was forty-five years of age. They were devout mem- bers of the Episcopal Church, and were interred in Paradise township. Their family comprised six children, named as follows: Henry H., who is ticket agent for the railroad company at Atglen; Sally, wife of Henry H. Kurtz, a retired farmer of Salisbury township ; Lafayette, whose name opens this sketch : Franklin, a conductor on the Pennsyl- vania railroad at Philadelphia ; and Edwin and Wal- tei, deceased. The paternal grandparents of La- fayette Hamilton were William and Elizabeth (Mil- ler) Hamilton, and the maternal grandparents were Jacob and Catherine Hoover, of Lancaster county, the former of whom was of Swiss extraction and a prominent farmer. Lafayette Hamilton resided with his parents un- til he was nineteen years of age, and then served an apprenticeshp of three years at blacksmithing at White Horse, Lancaster county. Later he worked for his brother-in-law, Harry H. Kurtz, for five years, and then settled on his present farm, on which is situated a hotel, which he also owns. On Jan. 27, 1886, Lafayette Harailton married, in Spring Garden, Miss Clara A. Worst, and this union has been blessed with two children, Clyde H. and Harry W. Mrs. Clara A. (Worst) Hamilton was born Nov. 10, 1859, on that part of Mr. Hamil- ton's farm on which the hotel alluded to above is situated, and is a daughter of Peter and Maria B. (Good) Worst, who came from Springville, Salis- bury township, and Leacock township, respectively, and were married in 1858. Peter Worst was a pros- perous farmer in his earlier life, but tiring of farm labor he built the "Spring Garden Hotel," in 1852, and conducted it successfully for six years. He then relinquished the business solely on account of the death of his wife, and rented out the premises. Mr. Worst next engaged in droving and butchering, but finally returned to farming, at which he contin- ued until the marriage of his daughter, when he re- tiied in favor of his son-in-law. He was the father of two children: Clara A., Mrs. Hamilton; and George B., of • St. Louis, Mo. Mrs. Maria B. (Good) Worst was called away in December, 1862, at the age of twenty-five years, and Peter Worst died Jan. 5, 1897, at the age of seventy-four, the re- mains of both were interred in the private burying- ground of the Worst estate, in Springville. Mr. Worst was quite prominent in his community, was very popular, and served as school director for many years. Henry and Mary (Kurtz) Worst, the paternal grandparents of Mrs. Clara A. Hamil- ton, were farming people of Lancaster county. The grandfather died in 1884, at the age of eighty-nine years, his wife preceding him to the grave June 22, 1853. Their remains were also buried in the Worst ■family burying ground. Henry and Mary Worst were members of the Mennonite Church. They reared a family of ten children, as follows : Barbara, deceased wife of John Warner; Peter, de- ceased; Samuel, a farmer in Salisbury township; Elias, deceased ; Mary, deceased wife of Joseph Bear; EHzabeth, unmarried, and living in Spring- field; Susannah, wife of Daniel Kurtz, a retired farmer living in Spring Garden ; Henry, a merchant in Springville; Leah A., deceased; and Catherine, also deceased. The maternal grandparents of Mrs. Hamilton were Cyrus and Lovina (Bear) Good, farming people of considerable prominence in Lea- cock township. In politics Mr. Hamilton is a Democrat, but has never been an office seeker. The family ranks among the most respected residents of Salisbury township, and although comparatively young in years iVir. Hamilton enjoys an extended acquaint- anceship, of which any man might well be proud. EVANS. James Evans, the founder of the Evans family in Lancaster county was a native of Ireland, born in 1761. He married a Scottish woman, Margaret Miller, and came to Lancaster coimty, possibly locating in the vicinity of Lititz. His death occurred in 1805, and his widow lived to the advanced age of ninety-three years. She was buried at Browns- town, Lancaster county, while the remains of her husband lie in Lititz. They had a family of three sons: (i) John, is mentioned below. (2) James, who was a tailor, lived and died in Lancaster county. (3) Robert, who was a minister of the Evangelical Church, spent his life in Lancaster county. In his later years he was an auctioneer. The father of this family was a mason by trade, and helped to build Binkley's Bridge. John Evans, the eldest child in the above family, was born in August, 1799, and died Oct. 8, 1863. In early life he engaged in business as a butcher, locating in Manheim township, where his active ca- reer was spent. A short time before his death he moved to Lancaster City, where he lived retired. He carried on the butcher business for many years, and his establishment has been kept up to the pres- ent time. For many years he was an able and suc- cessful auctioneer. He was one of the leading citi- zens of his section. Of a patriotic disposition, at the outbreak of the Civil War he enlisted in the State 868 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Militia,, notwithstanding his advanced years, and was ready to go to the front. In poUtics he was a stanch RepubHcan. John Evans married Miss EHzabeth, daughter of Frederick Nagle; her mother was a Hoofnagle. Mrs. EHzabeth Evans died in 1861, when sixty years of age. To them were born the following named children: (i) Maria married Hiram Campbell, and is deceased. (2) Isaac, who was a butcher, died in Lancaster when some seventy years of age. (3) David died when sixty years old. For thirteen years he was superintendent of the Lancas- ter count}' schools, for many years was a teacher in the public schools, and was a graduate of Frank- lin and Marshall College. Later in his active, life he was a real-estate dealer in Lancaster. (4) John is a retired farmer and cattle drover of Warwick township. (5) Frederick was a carpenter, and died at the age of fifty-six years. (6) Benjamin, the father of William L. Evans, is mentioned else- where. (7) William is an auctioneer at Lititz. (8) Charlotte is the wife of J. K. Stoner, of Lan- caster. (10) Amanda is the widow of Samuel R. Myer, of Bareville, Lancaster county. (11) Anna E., unmarried, is a resident of Lancaster. WILLIAINI L. EVANS, one of the leading men of Manheim township, belongs to one of the old and honored families of Lancaster county, and was born in the city of Lancaster Jan. 27, 1863, son of Benjamin and Elizabeth (Groff) Evans, and grand- son of John and Elizabeth Evans. The great- grandparents of William L. Evans came from Ireland. Benjamin Evans was born on a farm about a half mile east of Nefifsville, was reared on the farm, and learned the butcher's traide with his father. Very early in life he entered upon that business, be- ing assisted by his brother-in-law, Hiram Camp- bell, while in Nefifsville. Benjamin Evans had his shop in Lancaster on North Queen street, where he lived at that time. He followed butchering all his active days. About 1871 he purchased a tract of eighty-four acres, to which he added until he owned a farm of 144 acres, just north of Fruitville. There he established a butchering plant, which is now owned and operated by his son, and it is noted as one of the most complete in that part of the county. The slaughtering and dressing of the meats is all done there, and the salesroom is on North Queen street, Lancaster. Benjamin Evans long made his home on the farm, but his last days were spent under the roof of his son, Benjamin, where he died May i, 1900, when sixty-nine years old. He was a man of genial temper and jovial spirits, and enjoyed the friendship of a large circle. Tn his death the community lost a valued citizen. For many years he was treasurer of the Dunkard Church, of which he was a member. He was very active in the promotion of the Baptist Brethren Church on Charlotte street, in the city of Lancaster, and was always zealous in its welfare and upbuilding. His widow is still living at the age of severity-four years. Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin Evans were the parents of the following children: Sarah, wife of Jerry Stump, of Bareville; Alfred D., a farmer in Man- heim township; Frank, who is engaged in the meat market at Lancaster; Milton, who died when three years old ; Ella, who died when seventeen years old ; Lilly, wife of J. W. Lausinger, of the Millersville State Normal School; William L. ; Benjamin G., a farmer in Manheim township ; and one that died in infancy. William L. Evans, whose name appears at the of)enmg of this article, was reared to the butcher's trade, and received his education in the public school. When a young man he had a printing press, and did job work; he was expert in scroll work, and still retains some fine specimens of his skill in that line which adorn his home. When he had at- tained his majority, he associated himself with his father and brother in the butcher business, under the name of Benjamin Evans & Sons. In 1898 the father retired, and then- the firm name became Ben- jamin Evans' Sons. For over a hundred years the Evans name has figured in the market annals of Lancaster county. Since the sons have had control they have made some radical changes in the conduct of the business, in both wholesale and retail lines. Their retail business is of large volume, and in the manufacture of sausage and Bologna they have at- tained a creditable reputation. William Evans has charge of the slaughtering and manufacture,- while his brother looks after the store in Lancaster. Mr. Evans, owns a farm of fifty-four acres where he has a fine home, which he has ihoderni'zed and made beautiful. He was married Aug. 4, 1885, to Miss Fannie, daughter of Samuel and Fannie (Brubaker) Keller, formerly from Penn township, but now residents of Manheim township. Mrs. Evans was born at Lime Rock, Penn township, Oct. 16, 1864. ]\Ir. and Mrs. Evans have the following children: Samuel B., WilHam Edgar, Florence A. and Paul K. They belong to the Dunkard Church, of the Mountville District, and all stand among the most worthy and respected people of the county. B. FRANK MUSSER, deputy register of Lan- caster county, residing at Mountville, this county, was born Nov. 13, 1864, a son of Martin G. and. Mary Ann (Root) Musser. Martin G. Musser, leaf tobacco merchant, and ex-vice president of the Mountville National Bank, was born near Silver Spring, West Hempfield town- ship, Lancaster county, Jan. 19, 1842, a son of Michael and Elizabeth (Gerber) Musser, natives,, respectively, of West Hempfield and East Donegal townships, and both of whom died on their farm, near Silver Spring. Martin G. Musser, during the year 18B8, purchased the Root Plow Works, located in the borough of Mount Joy, and caused the same to- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 869 be removed to Mountville, where it was incorpor- ated and became known as the Mountville Manu- facturing Co., of which he was elected its first presi- dent, serving as such until 1896, when he was elected register of wills of Lancaster county, and served for the term of three years. Mr. Musser was one of the organizers of the Mountville National Bank, and was vice-president until 1901, when he re- signed. He has ever been one of the most active and progressive business men of Mountville, and there is no one in the community who has borne a' cleaner business character than he. His advice in business matters is invariably sought by the people of the place in which he resides. On June 9, 1864, Martin G. Musser married Mary Ann Root, and to this union was born the following family: B. Frank; John M., railway mail clerk; Mary E., wife of Iverson A. Witmer; Elizabeth, at home; and Martin E., a graduate of Franklin and Marshall College, formerly a teacher of Latin in the Lebanon High School, then a student one year in the University of Pennsylvania, and now a law student. Mary Ann (Root) Musser was born in East Lampeter township, Lancaster county, March 2, 1840, and died June 12, 1891. She was a daughter of Benjamin and Elizabeth (Frantz) Root, who settled in West Hempfield township in 1848, the father dying in Landisville. Michael Musser, father of Martin G. Musser, was born Feb. 24, 18 15, was a farmer and school director for many years, and died in 1895. His wife was born March 12, 1816, and died in 1857, the remains of both being buried on the old home- stead, in West Hempfield township. To Michael Musser and his first wife, Elizabeth Gerber, there was born a large family, as follows : Jacob, born March 28, 1830, is deceased; Benjamin G., born in September, 1838, is a farmer in West Hempfield township ; Anna G., born July 18, 1840, became the wife of Henry Kaufman, and died in 1899 ; Martin G., born Jan. 19, 1842, is mentioned above ; Michael was born in February, 1844; Barbara, born April 19, 1846, is married to Daniel D. Forry, a farmer of West Hempfield township; Elizabeth, born in July, 1848, is the wife of George Strickler, a farmer of York county; Fanny, born Sept. 18, 1850, is married to J. H. Nolt, a farmer of West Hempfield towriship ; John, born in January, 1853, is a farmer of East Hempfield township; Andrew, born in March, 1855, died in infancy; and Mary, twin of Andrew, died when she was in her seventh year. The second marriage of Michael Musser was to Fanny Hersh, and to this union have been born two children: Chri.st H., born June, 1859, ^ farmer in West Hempfield township, and Henry H., born in July, 1864, who is farming the old homestead. The paternal grandparents of Martin G. Mus- ser were Martin and Anna (Sechrist) Musser, natives and farming people of West Hempfield township. The maternal grandparents were Jacob and Barbara Gerber, who were also farmers. B. Frank Musser lived on the home farm until seven years old, when his parents removed to Mountville. Here he attended the district schools until nineteen years of age, and then the business college at Poughkeepsie, N.'Y., from which he was graduated in 1881, when he began assisting his father in the leaf tobacco business. From 1886 to 1897, he engaged in farming, and also in the sale of farming implements. B. Frank Musser was married to Nora Yohn, in 1885, and this marriage has been favored with one child, Mary B. Mrs. Nora Musser was born in Mountville, a daughter of Edward and Mary (Baker) Yohn. WILLIAM CHRISTOPHER L I L L E R . Among the prominent citizens of Lancaster, par- ticularly conspicuous on account of his official posi- tion as Adjutant General of the Spanish- American War Veterans of the United States, is William Christopher Liller, the able editor of The United States Volunteer, ^^e official organ of that associa- tion. Aside from official duties, Mr. Liller is a keen and successful man of business, and with abil- ity fills the offices of president and general manager of the Liller Manufacturing Company, and at the same time holds a controlling interest in the Volun- teer Publishing Company, an incorporation organ- ized in Delaware, Christopher Liller, the grandfather of William C, married a sister of Frank Pfeififer, who for many years was Lancaster's most prominent slater. Mrs. Liller is now deceased, but Mr. Liller is still an esteemed resident of the city. The parents of William C. Liller were George C. and Anna (Lippold) Liller, the former a well- known manufacturer of toilet articles, and the latter a sister of Charles Lippold, the efficient school tax collector. A family of seven children was born to George C. Liller and his wife: Lottie, who is the wife of George Krantz, of Lancaster; George, who is a soldier in the United States army, stationed at Fort Russell, Wyo. ; Henry, Annie, Frederick and Herbert, at school ; and William C. William Christopher Liller was born in Lancas- ter Sept. 8, 1878, and after receiving a partial edu- cation in the public schools of the city attended the University of Tennessee for a time. He then en- tered the office of Col. H. Frank Eshleman, one of the leading members of the Bar, as a student at law. Mr. Liller was connected with the Lancaster Daily Intelligencer, on which he gained his first knowledge of newspaper work. So little time has elapsed since our Nation was aroused over the issues of the Spanish-American war that it is only necessary to refer to the thrilling uprising among the youth of the land, ready, will- ing and anxious to offer their lives for their country, and to make a personal application, in the case of Mr. Liller. With loyal enthusiasm he put aside his books and the certainty of success in his chosen ca- 870 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY reer, and enlisted for service in the 6th United States Cavalry on May 15, 1898, faithfully serving through the Santiago campaign, in the 5th and the 4th Army Corps, until the peace protocol had been signed, when he received an honorable discharge from the army, his papers having the endorsement which reads "service honest and faithful," which' his children will preserve with care among their dearest records. While a trooper in the famous 6th Cavalry this young soldier was appointed troop clerk, his many excellent qualities and sterling attributes being recognized, and winning him pro- motion and the esteem of his superior officers. Upon his return to civil life Mr. Liller at once set about the organization of the Spanish-American war veterans into a National association similar in intent and purpose to the Grand Army of the Re- public, and how well he has succeeded, acting co- jointly with other comrades, finds daily illustration in the rapidh' swelling ranks of this large and al- ready powerful organization, of which he has the honor to be adjutant general, and acting quarter- master general. In taking the initiative in forming this new Grand Army Mr. Liller had with him the patriotic sentiment of the country, and he soon interested a number of prominent men in the project, these in- cluding such reliable and upright officers as Gen. Joseph Wheeler, Gen. J. P. S. Gobin and Gen. Fitz- hugh Lee. It required a man of exceptional ability to bring about the solidity of this organization, and that Mr. Miller possessed the necessary attributes is evidenced by its present condition, although he has found it necessary to give time, money and pei»- sonal attention to it. During the annual national convention Mr. Lil- ler won many personal friends and admirers, his youth and enthusiasm inspiring all to renewed ef- fort for the success of this laudable enterprise. There are now some 500 camps of Spanish-Ameri- can War Veterans, scattered through every State and Territory, including our colonial acquisitions. Col. A. L. Hawkins Camp, of Lancaster, having over 125 members on its honorable roll, including such distinguished men as Capt. Hobson of "Merri- mac" fame. Although the life of a soldier leaves little time for outside work, Mr. Liller kept up his newspaper connection to the extent of contributing some of the most able and succinct war articles published at that tiine, many of them being so pertinent and interesting that they found their way into the city press, in New York and Philadelphia. His present enterprise is an outgrowth of the organization which it represents, and no more able editor could be found than Mr. Liller. His pen is that of a ready writer, and he has had the satisfaction of noting that a number of his editorial articles have ap- peared, with approval, in the columns of leading papers in various sections. While the duties of the association are exacting, he is able also to attend to his personal business interests with ability, his position as President of the Volunteer Publishing Company and the affairs of the Liller Manufactur- ing Company giving him no time to take any active part in politics. However, he finds time for active membership in the Society of the Army of Santiago de Cuba, Order of the American Eagle, United States Volunteer Association (National secretary), Military Order of Foreign Wars, American Flag Association, and Army and .Navy Union. Mr. Liller was married April 2, 1900, to Miss Alice May Kreider, daughter of Jacob Kreider, a retired citizen of Lancaster, and into their happy home have come twin sons, Richard Coryell and Eugene Montgomery, who have the best chance in the world of being trained into loyal and patriotic citizens of a country which their father so proudly served. WILLIAM HOPKINS, prominently known in the business circles of East Drumore township, where he was born May 23, 1855, son of James M. and Harriet L. (Webb) Hopkins, has made a place for himself among the successful men of Lancaster county. James Hopkins, his grandfather, was in his time a prominent lawyer in Lancaster. He became the father of four sons and one daugnter, and two of the sons, Washington and George, following in the footsteps of their distinguished father, were bril- liant members of the legal profession. Anna, the only daughter, married Newton Lightner, also a lawyer. William was a farmer in East Drumore township. James M. Hopkins, son of James, and father of William, was born in Lancaster March 19, 181 r, and lived ' in East Drumore township, where for many years he carried on the Conaway furnaces, founded by his father, becoming one of the promi- nent and influential citizens of his section of the county. His death occurred in January, 1896, when he was in his eighty-sixth year. His wife, who was born in 18 19 at Pine Grove Forge, this county, passed to her reward in 1900. They were the par- ents of twelve children, seven of whom are living: (i) Elizabeth O. married James Alexander, a lawyer of Lancaster, and both are deceased. They had four children, Howard, Percy, Mary (who married George S. Washington, of Philadelphia) and James H. (2) Washington W., born in 1838, lives in Port Deposit. By his first wife, Harriet Rogers, he had three children — Louisa, who died young; Edward, a resident of Philadelphia; and Herbert, who died young. By his second marriage to May Loag, were born two children. Christian and Marion. Mr. Hopkins practiced law in Lan- caster many years. (3) Laura is the widow of Samuel H. Rutter, of Pottstown, Pa., and lives in Lancaster. (4) Henry C, born in East Drumore, is a real-estate dealer in Lancaster. He married Miss Annie Naumbee, by whom he has four living BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 871 children, Henry, Annie L., Elizabeth Isabell and Ralph. Elizabeth died young. (5) Louisa died in young womanhood. (6) Robert ' C. is a banker at Port Deposit, Md. He married Miss Mary Rowland, a daughter of Dr. Rowland, of Cecil county, Md., and four of their children are liv- ing, Louisa (the wife of John Matthews), Francis, Mary and Ross. (7) Anna died at the old home in her early womanhood. (8) James was a soldier in the Civil war, and died in hospital. (9) Harriet married Clinton Deaver, of Dayton, Ohio, where he is a college professor. They have four children, Walter, Richard, Mary and Catherine. (10) Mew- ton died at the home of his parents in 1876. (11) Emma married Harry Gardner, and lives in Lan- caster. They have one daughter, Harriet L. (12) William is mentioned below. William Hopkins received his education in the, public schools of I^ancaster county and at Cham- bersburg. For twenty-five years he was manager of his father's extensive interests, looking after his grist mill, farms, etc. In Decemlier, 1882, he mar- ried Miss Mary C., daughter of William and Martha (Rutter) Brooke, and sister of Major Gen. John R. Brooke, now of Governors Island, New York har- bor. Both the Rutters and Brookes were prominent in Montgomery county. William Brooke was born near Pottstown, where he was known as Major Brooke, and died at his home in that city in 1873, after an active and useful life. His widow passed to her reward in 1879, leaving one son, the Major General, and two daughters : Caroline, who is the wife of Samuel S. Campbell, and Mary C, Mrs. Hopkins, who was born in Montgomery county, and obtained her education in the Pottstown schools. She is a scholarly lady, of many charms, and enjoys many friends. After his marriage Mr. Hopkins located on his father's farm in East Drumore, where he has re- sided to the present time, and ma:de a creditable rep- utation for himself in agricultural and commercial circles. He owns a large herd of Jersey cattle, which he devotes to his own creamery. All the members of the Hopkins family are stanch Republicans. William Hopkins has been school director for several years. Both himself and wife belong to the Chestnut Level Presbyterian Church, where he is one of the elders. JAMES G. McSPARRAN. Among the lead- ing citizens of the southern part of Lancaster county, is James G. McSparran, a retired farmer of Fairfield, Drumore township, who is one of the wealthy, intelligent and traveled residents of this section. Mr. McSparran was born Dec. 19, 1843, i" Drumore township, a son of the late John and Isabel (McCullough) McSparran, and a grandson of James McSparran, one of the influential farmers of this part of the county, where he took part in public affairs, and reared a numerous family, eleven of his fifteen children living to maturity, these being : James and Isabel, twins; Grizzell; Eliza; John; Eleanor; Fleming; Thomas; William; Rachel and Margaret. Grandfather McSparran was of sturdy Scotch-Irish ancestry, and came to Lancaster county among the early settlers, purchasing the farm which is still in the possession of the family, being now the property bi Thomas McSparran, whose sketch appears in another part of this volume. John McSparran, the father of James G. Mc- Sparran, was born April 28, 1808, and died May 25, 1885. On Jan. 9, 1.840, he was united in mar- riage to Miss Isabel McCullough, who was born Nov. 23, 1815, and died Aug. 29, 1845, a daughter of William McCullough. She also claimed among her ancestors natives of both Ireland and Scot- land. The only surviving child of this union was James G., who is the subject of this sketch. John McSparran was an active and ardent Democrat all his life, and was identified with political and re- ligious matters for many years, being considered justly one of the leading citizens of Lancaster county. His rearing had been in the Presbyterian Church, and he never departed from its teachings, living a most estimable life. James G. McSparran was reared as a farmer boy, and has never lost his deep interest in agricul- tural matters, for many years operating one of the finest farms in this part of the county. His primary education was conducted in the common schools of Drumore township, and later he became an apt pupil of the Chestnut Level Academy, but to his great love of reading and his extended travels must be attributed in great measure the intellectual at- tainments which make of him one of the most in- telligent and thoroughly educated men of this com- munity. His advantages have been manifold, and he has utilized them all. The only child of his parents to reach maturity, our subject inherited their considerable property, improving and adorning it, adding other land to his possessions, as years went by, until at present Mr. McSparran is reckoned one of the most sub- stantial men of the township. His farm land in- cludes two valuable properties in Drumore town- ship, and one in Providence township, located near Quarryville. The home farm is situated in Dru- more township, near Fairfield, and here is found an ideal country home, surrounded as it is with fine buildings, and supplied with all of the modern ap- pliances and conveniences which add not only to the comfort, but also to the health, of its occupants. Mr. McSparran also owns a valuable store property in Chestnut Level, and in addition to this he pos- sesses personal property aggregating a large amount. He is one of the original stockholders, and is a director of the Union Trust Co., of Lancaster. On Dec. 29, 1864, James G. McSparran was married to Miss Sarah M. Collins, of Colerain township, who was born on Nov. 13, 1843, a daugh- 872 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ter of Thomas C. and Grace (McCulloug-h) Collins, of Colerain township. To Mr. and Mrs. Collins were born seven children, as follows : James, a jironiinent farmer of Colerain township ; Hugh M., also a well-known farmer of Colerain township; Mary, deceased ; Grace, a resident of Drumore township ; Cornelius, deceased ; Thomas ; and Sarah M., who is the wife of Mr. McSparran. She has, also, the following half brothers and half sisters : Ross C, a resident of Quarryville ; Emma G., who is the wife of WilHam Anderson, of Ohio ; and Bertha I., who is a teacher in a college at Tar- Ido, Missouri. The children who came to bless the marriage of Mr. McSparran and his estimable wife were: Isa- bella May, born Aug. 12, 1867, was married Jan. 23, 1901, to Charles A. McSparran, secretary and chief bookkeeper in Metc,alf's Malleable Iron Co., in Erie, Pa. ; Thomas C, born Nov. 13, 1869, died Sept. 27, 1875 ; Chella Grace, born Sept. 23, 1871, resides at home; John A., born Oct. 22, 1873, a very brilliant young man and fine scholar, is an A. B. graduate of Lafayette College, Pa. ; and James O., the youngest, was born March i, 1877, and resides in Philadelphia. Perhaps no man in this section has kept up more with public interest and progress, outside of pro- fessional or political life, than has Mr. McSparran, for he is a man of wide and extended reading and is a reflective thinker. Although one of the most active members of the Democratic party, loyal to its candidates and principles, he is no office seeker, consenting only to serve in the capacity of school director, having ever had a deep interest in educa- tional matters. His -own children have been afiforded every possible advantage. Mr. McSparran is a leading member of the Chestnut Level Presbyterian Church, in which he has long been an elder, and is the interested and efficient Sunday school super- intendent. In 1890 Mr. McSparran took a trip through Palestine and the Holy Land, going about two-thirds around the world, fitting himself very thoroughly as a teacher in his beloved Sunday school, where he is most highly appreciated. The past year has been enjoyed by himself and wife in an extended trip through California, the journey homeward being heightened in pleasure by a visit to the Pan-American exposition at Buffalo. In every relation of life Mr. McSparran has borne him- self in a manly, upright, conscientious manner, and well deserves the high encomiums lavished upon him by his neigtibors who have known him through so many years. HENRY CLAY SHIiNCK, dealer in second- hand furniture and' antiques, located opposite Fulton Opera House, on North Prince street, Lancaster, is a son of the venerable Henry S. Shenck, a sketch of whose life and ancestry appears elsewhere. Henry Clay Shenck was born at Chickies (where his father then kept hotel), Oct. 24, 1843. He was educated in the public schools of Lancaster, and left the Boys' High School shortly before the graduation of his class to enter the army, enlisting April 20, 1 86 1, in the Jackson Rifles of Lancaster, when the first call for 75,000 men for three months was made, in the war of the Rebellion. This company became a part of the 1st P. V. I. Having been honorably discharged July 27, i86r, by reason of the expiration of his term of enlistment, young Shenck re-enlisted, Sept. 16, 1861, this time with the 79th P. V. L, for three years, but was discharged Sept. 3, 1862, at Nashville, by general orders. Next we find him veteranizing, March 24, 1864, for a term of three years, this time with the 9th Pa. Vet. Vol. Cal., to which his brother, A. F. Shenck, belonged, and in which he himself became a corporal. While a mem- ber of Company K, 79th Regiment, he was detached for a time as a musician, but after having been mus- tered out as a musician, in 1862, re-entered the ser- vice as a private. Between his second and third en- listments he served, during the Morgan raid, in the Ohio militia. From the time he became Corporal Shenck, in the 9th P. V. V. C, in March, 1864, to the close of the war, it is safe to say that he was en- gaged in fully one hundred battles and skirmishes, including the siege of Savannah, and other memora- ble military movements and engagements. The war ended, he was discharged at Lexington, N. C, July 18, 1865, and went to Ohio, following his trade, that of a wheelwright, in that State, until 1875, when he returned to the East, spending seven years in West- chester in the same business. Returning to Lan- caster, he became turnkey at the station house, hav- ing been appointed to that position by the late D. P. Rosenmiller, then mayor of Lancaster. In 1886 Mr. .Shenck opened the pioneer business in second-hand furniture in the city, starting in the building on North Prince street, where he is still lo- cated, and which belonged to the estate of the late Hon. Anthony E. Roberts, ex-member of Congress from this District. Later he purchased the building, as well as the adjoining property on the south, which he occupies as a dwelling. The property used for business purposes has a frontage of seventy-two feet on Prince street, is four stories high, and has seven- teen rooms, every one of which is filled with second- hand furniture, much of it antique and therefore very valuable. In fact, Mr. Shenck makes a specialty of antiques, shipping these goods to New York, Illinois, Georgia, California — all over the country. Indeed, so extensive had the business become at the date of this writing (1901) that its originator and owner was preparing plans for an addition of two rnore floors, and the erection of an electric elevator, his purpose being to conduct a great storage as well as furniture business. On July 26, 1877, Mr. Shenck was married to Eliza J. Boozer, daughter of Harry Boozer, of West- chester, and to this union came three children, one of whom died in infancy. The survivors are Helen who is at home; and Henry Sheldon, of the class WVD, AO. '^iutyvA.ciX-0 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 873 of 1904, Boys' High School. Mr. Shenck is a mem- ber of Post No. 31, G. A. R., of Chester county. Politically he is a Republican, as are all the members of his family ; but the only political preferments he ever received were his appointment as turnkey of the city station house, under Mayor Rosenmiller, and his appointment as alderman of the First ward, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Alderman Gtmdaker. This appointment was made by Gov. Hastings, and Mr. Shenck served for at least seven months. Although exercising not a little political influence in his district, as well as in city and county affairs generally, Mr. Shenck attends strictly to busi- ness, and no better evidence of this is needed than is found in the success which has attended him. JOHN JACKSON. Lancaster county is noted for its successful farmers, and among those who be- long to that class is John Jackson, of Little Britain township, who was born Dec. 4, 1854, son of Rob- ert and Eliza (Irwin) Jackson. Robert Jackson was born in Ireland in 1828, and died in April, 1898. His wife, who was also born in 1828, died in 1893. They came to America while young, and were the parents of eight chil- dren, seven of whom grew to maturity : Annie Margaret, wife of Dr. J. S. McNutt, a physician of Philadelphia, Pa. ; John ; Andrew A., a farmer of Little Britain township (mentioned elsewhere) ; Robert, a farmer of Little Britain township ; Joseph, a farmer of Little Britain township (mentioned else- where) ; Mary, wife of Fred Gregg, a farmer of Drumore township ; and Ella, wife of George Pol- lock, a merchant of Philadelphia, Pa., the young- est of the familv now living. Robert Jackson,. the father. of this family, was a Democrat in politics. He was a man who earned the esteem of his neigh- bors and labored hard to rear his family well. John Jackson was reared upon the farm, and at- tended the district schools. While still a boy he commenced to work his way in life,, and he now has one of the best cultivated farms in Lancaster county, consisting of 150 acres of excellent farm- ing land, on which he has a comfortable residence and commodious barn — the pride of the surround- ing country. His outbuildings are in excellent condition, and in addition to general farming Mr. Jackson is an extensive dealer in stock, being very successful in all bis enterprises. On Feb. 25, 1880, Mr. Jackson was married to Miss Alice M. Jenkins, a daughter of Isaac and Eliza Jenkins, of Little Britain township. Mr. and Mrs. Jenkins had a family of five children: Re- becca, unmarried, of Oak Hill, Pa. ; Evan S., de- ceased ; Jacob E., of Fulton township; George P., of Oak Hill ; and Alice M., Mrs. Jackson. Elijah Jenkins, Mrs. Jackson's grandfather, was one of the earlv settlers of Lancaster ciounty. The following children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Jackson: Laura E., Annie L., Walter R., Mary R. and John E., all at home. They are a happy, contented home circle, undisturbed as yet by death. Mrs. Jackson and the family attend the Presbyterian Church of Little Britain. In politics Mr. Jackson, like his father before him, is a stanch Democrat. In all the relations of life he has proven himself a worthy, good man, a kind-hearted neigh- bor, and the respect in which he is held by those who know him is well deserved. P. HARRY WOHLSEN, one of the well- known young men of Lancaster, was , born in that city Oct. 29, 1875, and is a son of WilUam Wohlsen, one of its well-known business men of high stand- ing. Peter Wohlsen, grandfather of P. Harry, was born in 1824 in Hanover, Germany, and grew to manhood on a farm in that coimtry. He learned the trade of bricklayer, which he followed, and after coming to America, in 1884, he worked with his son William until 1896, since which time he has lived retired. He married Catherine Oelrich, also a native of Hanover, who died in 1895, at the age of seventy-one. She is buried in Zion Lutheran cemetery. Peter and Catherine Wohlsen had chil- dren as follows: William, father of P. Harry; Peter N., who is a contractor and builder of Lan- caster; Herman F., also a contractor and builder of Lancaster; and Anna, wife of Henry Elsen, of Lancaster. William Wohlsen was born Dec. 24, 1847, in Hanover, Germany, passed his youth on his father's farm, and when seventeen years of age began to learn the carpenter's trade, which he followed in Germany until his emigration to America, in 1870. On coming to this country he immediately settled in Lancaster, and for a year worked as a contractor and builder, in 1871 purchasing a small planing- mill. He has continued in that business to the present day, enlarging his mill from a one-horse- power concern to one of the largest and best patron- ized establishments in Lancaster county, giving em- ployment to fifty hands. Meantime Mr. Wohlsen had continued to carry on contracting and building, but he gave up this branch of business in order to give the greater part of his time arid attention to his mill interests. Of late he has had another de- mand on his time, the management of the affairs of the Union Trust Company, organized Oct. 17, 1901, and opened for business March 17, 1902. The com- pany has an authorized capital of $300,000, and a paid capital of $150,000. Mr. Wohlsen is presi- dent of the concern, with D. F. Buchmiller as vice- president ; S. Z. Evans, secretary and treasurer ; and John M. Groff, solicitor. In 1869 Mr. Wohlsen married Catherine Klenck, a native of Hanover, born in October, 1849, daugh- ter of Henry Klenck, a farmer of Germany, who never came to this country. Of the children born to _Mr. and Mrs. Wohlsen, Mary married Stewart Griffith, teller of the Union Trust Company; Anna married Henry Behren ; P. Harry is mentioned be- 874 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY low ; William H. is connected with his father's mill ; John O. is shipping clerk for his father; Catherine is attending school in Philadelphia; Clarence L. and E. Frank are living at home ; Minnie and Emma died when young. In religious connection Mr. Wohlsen is united with the Lutheran Church, and has been a member of the vestry for the past twelve years. Fraternally he holds membership in the I. O. O. F., the Red Men and the Freemasons, in which latter he has reached the Knight Templar degree. His political sympathy is with the Republican party. He was appointed by the court to the board of park commissioners. P. Harry Wohlsen was reared and educated in his native city, and at an early age commenced working with his father in the planing-mill, in which all his business career has been passed. When a young man he took a course at business college, attending until he was eighteen, at which time he was made superintendent in the mill, a position in which he was retained until January, 1901, when he went into business with his father, having ably demonstrated his ability and fitness. On Sept. 26, 1901, Mr. Wohlsen was united in marriage with Miss Catherine Shaub, daughter of Samuel C. and Elizabeth Shaub, of Lancaster, where the wedding was celebrated. He is a member of Trinity Lutheran Church, and socially is connected with the Masonic fraternity. His political support is given to the Republican party. As a well-bal- anced, industrious young man, full of energy and business "go," Mr. Wohlsen holds an enviable place among the younger men in the business cir- cles of Lancaster county. REV. SANFORD B. LANDTS, a zealous and popular minister of the Mennonite Church, is as yet a young man, in the full vigor of life's prime, having been born in Leacock township, Lancaster county, Aug. i, 1867. His family is one of the old- est, best known and most esteemed of that bailiwick, and he himself is one of the« most popular and respected members of his community. His grand- father, Benjamin Landis, married Mary Buck- waiter. Jacob Landis, father of Sanford B., was born in the township of Upper Leacock in 1840, and fol- lowed the vocation of a farmer until twelve years after his marriage, when he removed to Philadel- phia and engaged in the business of a commission merchant. He was successful in this venture, and continued in the same line of trade until his death, which occurred Feb. 6, 1890. In 1859 he married Mary Bender, and to this union came three daugh- ters and two sons: Nettie, Emma, Ida, Theodore and Sanford B. All the daughters are married, Nettie to Aaron D. Landis, Emma to Harry L. Sheaflfer, and Ida to Abram Landis. Theodore, on reaching manhood, became associated with his father in business, and is still a commission mer- chant in Philadelphia. Sanford B. Landis enjoyed in youth only the rather limited educational advantages afforded by the common schools, but he improved them to the utmost. Naturally fond of study, he devoted every spare hour to adding to the store of knowledge ob- tained at school, and throughout life he has been a constant, thoughtful and critical reader. He is also fond of cultivating the soil, in which vocation he has been exceedingly successful, owning a choice farm in the eastern part of East Lampeter township, which he has highly improved. In 1896 he was chosen and ordained to the Mennonite ministry, and he has since officiated in the Mellinger and Stump- town districts, where his devoted spirit, kindly dispo- sition and broad charity have made him honored by the community, and best loved by those who know him best. On Jan. 24, 1892, Sanford B. Landis married Miss Nora Landis, daughter of Adam and Lavinia Landis. 'ihree children have been born to them, Edna May, John Ellis and Elma. BENJAMIN OWEN BRACKBILL (de-' ceased V A man of quiet manners yet forceful in his influence upon the community in which he lived until cut off by an untimely death, was Benjarnin Owen Brackbill, a representative of a sterling old Lancaster county family, a life long farmer and a cit- izen who won the esteem and good will of his many acquaintances. He was born in Paradise township, Lancaster county, Sept. 19, 1848, son of Benjamin and Susan (Howry) Brackbill. He was reared in Paradise township, where members of his father's family still reside, attending the district schools, and in the serenity of agricultural life de- veloping a character of strength and of many lov- able traits. He was married in the Mennonite Church of Salisbury township, Nov. 5, 1878, to Miss Anna Martin, whose ancestors were old and prominent pioneers of the county. She was born in Salisbury township Aug. 14, 1853, daughter of Joseph and Mattie (Oberholtzer) Martin, natives, respectively, of Salisbury and Warwick townships, and the granddaughter of Abraham and (Hurst) Martin, prominent farmers of Lancaster county, and of Samuel and Martha Oberholtzer, also farmers of Lancaster county. Abraham Mar- tin, the paternal grandfather, was twice married, his second wife having been Anna Hostetter. Joseph Martin, the father of Mrs. Brackbilll, was born in 1822, and was a life long farmer. He died in September, 1900, aged seventy-eight years, and was buried in the old Mennonite cemetery near Far- mersville. His wife, Mattie, died in 1869, aged forty-one years, and was buried in Hershey's ceme- tery. They were devout members of the Mennonite Church. To Joseph and Mattie Martin were born the following children: Elizabeth, who married John Keener, a farmer near Strasburg ; Magdalena, who married Elam Landis, and is now deceased; Anna, wife of Mr. Brackbill ; Samuel, who resides BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 875 on the old homestead in Salisbury; Abraham, de- ceased; Henry, deceased; Isaac, deceased; Joseph, deceased; and David, deceased. Joseph Martin, the father, was twice married, his second wife hav- ing been Catherine Oberholtzer, a sister of his first wife. To this second marriage was born one child, Susannah, who died young. To Benjamin O. and Anna (Martin) Brackbill were born children as follows: Martin, a book- keeper at Lancaster; Edith S. ; Abraham B., a student at Millersville State Normal School; Isaac D. ; Mary E. ; Joseph E. ; and Moses A. Benjamin Owen Brackbill settled upon the farm of eighty acres in Salisbury township, which he continued to occupy until his death Sept. 26, 1896. He was buried in the Old Hershey Mennonite Church ceme- tery in Salisbury township. He was a consistent member of the Mennonite Church, to which faith . his surviving family adheres. In politics he was a Republican. Aided by the worthy efforts of his de- voted wife he made a success of the farm and was regarded as a prosperous and enterprising agricul- turist. His widow survives, and is highly respected for her womanly qualities and her devotion to home and children. JACOB L. BRISON, of Columbia, is of Irish ancestry. His grandfather, William Brison, came to this country in 1773, settling in Lancaster county. He was a farmer, hale and robust, and lived to the extraordinary age of ninety-four. William Brison, father of Jacob L., a farmer, was born in Paradise township, as was also his wife, Martha Harsh, whose father, Jacob, was a veter- inary surgeon. Mr. and Mrs. William Brison re- moved from Paradise to Bart township in 1848. There, in 1852, the wife died, at the age of thirty- two. Pie survived her forty-five years, passing away in 1897, in Strasburg, after passing his eighty-fifth milestone. Both rest in New Holland cemetery. Their seven children were named : Mary E., Jacob L., James, Martha E., Amanda, Louis and Win- field. Mary E. and James are deceased. Martha E. is the wife of Fred Stively, a farmer of Stras- burg township. Amanda is unmarried, and lives in Lancaster. Louis is a successful physician of Paradise, and Winfield holds a responsible position in connection with the railroad repair department at Quarryyille. Jacob L. Brison grew up on his father's farm, and in 1876 began life's battle on his own account. Going to Columbia, he worked for three years for the Pennsylvania road as brakeman. He spent three and a half years in the position of fireman, and was then placed in charge of an engine. He is still in the company's service in that capacity, his experi- ence, fidelity and capability standing him in good stead. He is a Republican in politics, and, through his natural intelligence and ready grasp of public questions, has won for himself the sincere esteem of all who know him. Mr. Brison married, in October, 1869, Susan Huber, of Quarryville, who was born in Providence township March 21, 1850. Her parents were Henry S. and Fanny Barr Huber. Mr. Huber was a far- mer, and died in 1887, at the age of sixty-five, his wife passing away in 1856, in her forty-first year. Mrs. Brison was their fourth child. After her mother's death her father married Anna Barr, by whom he was the father of one child, Mary E., who died in childhood. Of the brothers and sisters of Mrs. Brison, Christianna, died in infancy; Anna married Amos Groff, whose biography may be found elsewhere; Elam is a shoemaker in New Providence; Christian is a farmer; Fanny died be- fore reaching womanhood. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Brison has been blessed with a daughter and two sons. Anna, the eldest child, married Willard P. Lindermuth, of York, a railway brakeman. Charles M. is foreman of the Grey Iron Works, and married Mary Spong. William H., the youngest son, lives at home. JOHN GRADY. Conspicuous among the busi- ness men of Marietta, Pa., where he conducts a suc- cessful livery business and is identified with much of the commercial and public life of the town, is John Grady, a son of Adam and Catherine (Hel- wick) Grady, born Nov. 7, 1840. Adam Grady was a native of Hessen Cassel, Germany, where . he married Catherine Helwick, and in 1839 brought his family to America, settHng in Marietta, where he lived a busy life as a laborer, always doing his full duty until his death, in 1888, at the age of eighty-one; his faithful wife passed away two months previously, at the age of seventy- nine. Both had been consistent members of the Reformed Church. They reared these children, only two of whom survive: Catherine; John, the subject of this biography; Harry C, who served in the Civil war, and is now in the tobacco business, in Marietta; Anna, who married Christian Troub; and Frederick. John Grady was reared in Marietta, where he attended school and worked in the surrounding farming region until the outbreak of the Civil war, when he entered the army as a wagon master, be- ing sent first to Harrisburg, later to Hagerstown, Md., and then with his train followed the Army of the Potomac, continuing to be thus engaged until T863. At this date he enlisted as a private in Co. K, iqgth P. V. I., and remained until the close of the war, faithfully serving his country, and was honorably discharged and mustered out, near Rich- mond, Virginia. After the close of the war, Mr. Grady returned to his home and took up peaceful pursuits, finally becoming interested in tobacco culture, in which he was eminently successful, and he remained in this business until 1885, when he opened up a first-class livery establishment. Mr. Grady was first married in 1866, in Mari- 876 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY etta, to Miss Mary A. Hartman, and the children born to this union are; Charles A., who married Mary C. Heidler, is a representative of the Penn- sylvania Construction Co. ; and Tillie A. married Elmer E. Paules, manager of the livery business, in Marietta. The mother of these children was born in Marietta, a daughter of Samuel and Elizabeth (Ockard) Plartman, of Lancaster county, and died in 1888. The second marriage of Mr. Grady was in Maytown, in 1892, to Mrs. Lucinda (Sherbahn) Shafner, a daughter of Benjamin and Mary (Reiff) Sherbahn, of Maytown, where the former was a brick manufacturer. Mr. Sherbahn died in 1865 at the age of fifty-five, while his wife survived until 1876, and both were interred in the Reformed ceme- tery in Maytown ; the former had lived a consistent life as a member of the M. E. Church, and the latter of the Reformed Church. Their children were: Margaret; Lucinda; Horace, of Nebraska; Abra- ham, of Michigan; Benjamin, of Ohio; Albert, of Nebraska; Anna, who married Albert Collins, of Danville, 111. ; William, deceased ; and John, of Ne- braska, almost all of the sons being engaged in the brick business. The first marriage of Mrs. Grady was to Jere- miah Shafner, a native of Maytown, where he car- ried on a tailoring business for a number of years, although he was retired from active life at the time of his death. Mr. Grady has ever been identified with the in- terests of the village in which he resides. In politics he is an Independent, and efficiently served East Donegal township as supervisor for seven terms, and also one term as tax collector. His fraternal connections are with the O. U. A. M., the M. C, the I. O. R. M., the G. A. R. in all of which organi- zations he is justly popular, and he is a worthy mem- ber of the Reformed Church. In the community, Mr. Grady's standing is high, and he is generally recognized as one of the representative citizens of his town. DR. DORATHEA JOHANNA LOUISA GRASNICK, widely known among the better peo- ple of Lancaster county, has done much to relieve physical suffering in her community. Her maiden name was Paschke, and her parents lived in Berlin, Germany, where she was born. Her grandparents were farmers. Anton Paschke, Dr. Grasnick's father, has been a locomotive engineer on the Emperor's railway, running out of Berlin, for over forty years, and received a reward from the Emperor at the end of thirty-six years of continu- ous service on that line. Her only brother, August Paschke, is a machinist; and her only sister is the wife of Karl Schonert, a candelabra manufacturer, formerly of Berlin, but both now living in Lancaster. Mrs. Grasnick was educated in private schools in Berlin, and then attended the high school in that grand old city, finally taking special studies in medi- cine in a Berlin institute, and receiving her diploma. She married Hugo Grasnick, who is a graduated electrician, and their two 'sons are; George F., a drug clerk, who married Anna Elizabeth Warner, and lives in Atlantic City ; and Erich, a young man of nineteen, who is still pursuing his studies. Mrs. Grasnick arrived in America April 12, 1893, coming directly to Lancaster, where she has been practicing her profession with great success. Her success has been marvelous, and her services are much sought for among the ladies of this city, as her treatment of physical ailments to which she devotes her attention is successful far beyond the ordinary. No woman in the city is more respected, and her gentle manners have made her welcome everywhere; while in the sick room she inspires, confidence and hope. Mrs. Grasnick is a consistent member of the Lutheran Church, and is greatly esteemed by a large circle of clients among whom she numbers many of the most prominent ladies of the city. GUY L. ALEXANDER, M. D., physician to the County Hospital and Insane Asylum a.t Lan- caster, Pa., was born at White Rock, in Little Britain township, Lancaster Co., Pa., Oct. 13, 1871, son of Vincent K. and Harriet E. (Levis) Alexan- der, natives of Colerain township, Lancaster county, and Cecil county, Md., respectively. Vincent K. Alexander was born in 1844, and in his early life was a farmer by occupation, but now resides in Lancaster. In politics he was a Repub- lican, and always gave liberally of his time and money toward the support of party issues. He took an active part in local affairs, serving as county com- mitteeman of the lower end of the county; deputy Internal Revenue collector, for four years ; was school director in the lower part of the county. His wife was also born in 1844. Both are members of the Presbyterian Church. Three children were born to this union ; May Curtis, Norris Day and Guy L. The paternal grandparents, John and Mary (King) Alexander, were of Irish birth, and came to this country in 1814 settling in Lancaster county, Pa. Here the father engaged in the charcoal iron busi- ness, and was the pioneer ironmaster of the county for twenty-one years, until his retirement. Dr. Alexander was reared upon a farm, attend- ing the schools of his district until he was seventeen years of age, when he went west to Omaha, where he was in the employ of the county surveyor for two years. About this time many were going, to Port- land, Oregon, with the belief that there was plenty of money to be made in that city, and Dr. Alexander was one of those who made the trip. Arriving in the city, he entered the employ of the Evening Telegram, a new paper, as assistant cashier, remaining in that capacity for three years'. During all of this time Dr. Alexander had been attracted toward the medical profession, and at the expiration of his three years in Portland he returned to the State of his birth, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 877 and entered the Medical Department of the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania, being graduated from that institution in the class of- 1898. Immediately after graduating Dr. Alexander began practice at the Buck, in Lancaster county, continuing there three years. In 1901 he located in Lancaster, where he opened an office, and accepted the appointment of physician to the County Hospital and Insane Asy- lum, in which capacity he is showing great ability and skill, treating the tmfortunate ones tmder his care. Although young in his profession. Dr. Alex- ander is recognized as a physician of ability, and his general practice is steadily increasing. In politics, like his father. Dr. Alexander is a Republican, and is interested in local matters. His religious connec- tions are with the Presbyterian Church, in which body, as in society generally, he is very popular. JOHN S. BLANK, one of the leading and thor- oughly representative citizens of Earl township, Lan- caster county, was born in Leacock township July 27, 1844, a son of Jacob and Maria (Stoltzfus) Blank. John S. Blank was reared on the farm, receiving his education in the public schools. As there was much work to be done on the farm, and the school house a long way from his home, the schooling which Mr. Blank received in his youthful days was limited. He is a good reader, and has been a close observer of the life .iround him, so that he has the most practical of all educations, that worked out in the great school of life, with experience for a task-master. When he was about twenty-nine years old Mr. Blank began farming operations for himself, locating on a farm in Earl township, which became his by right of owner- ship in 1871, and where he still keeps his home. It lies about a mile north of New Holland, contains eighty-six acres, and is regarded as one of the fine farms of the county. Here he has made many valu- able improvements, and has thoroughly improved and modernized his residence. The appearance of the place indicates thrift and industry, an impression which is strengthened by closer acquaintance with the good people who make their home here. He is one of the successful farmers of the county, and owns two other places in Salisbury township. Mr. Blank was married in Leacock township, Feb. 24, 1874, to Miss Fannie Renno, a daughter of • Jacob and Fannie (Fisher) Renno, born in Leacock township, Aug. 27, 1855. Mr. and Mrs. Blank have the following children : (t) Jacob R., who was born July 14, 1877, married Katie Stoltzfus, and is a farmer in Upper Leacock township, living on a twelve-acre farm belonging to his father; (2) Mary R., born June 8, 1881, is the wife of Ezra Zook, and lives on the old homestead with her father, Mr. Zook farming the land ; (3) Fannie R., born Nov. 2, 1884, is at home; (4) Daniel S. was born April 14, 1890. Mr. and Mrs. Blank are thoroughly upright and honorable people, and are highly respected by all who know them. They are members of the Amish Church, and their influence is pronounced for all good and true measures that look to the improve- ment of the community in which they live. ISAAC B. GOOD. Many lines of trade are suc- cessfully pursued in the thriving little borough of Ephrata, Lancaster county, all of them requiring close attention and energetic methods. Among those who have succeeded admirably on account of his honest and- energetic management is Isaac B. Good, who is a manufacturer of cigars and also the pro- ]jrietor of a shirt manufacturing establishment. Isaac B. Good was born Jan. 22, 1861, a son of Joseph and Louisa(Warlow)Good, of Pequea town- ship. Joseph Good was a carpenter by trade, fol- lowing that occupation all his life, and died in 1877, at the age of forty-three. In 185 1 he married Louisa Warlow, who survives him, and resides in Philadel- phia, and to them were born children as follows: Amos, deceased; Mary, deceased; Susanna, wife of John Hummell, of Philadelphia; Enos, of Farmers- ville ; William, a cigarmaker, of Philadelphia ; Isaac B; ; George, who died in infancy ; Charles, foreman in a cigar shop in Reading, Pa. ; Henry, residing in Ephrata ; and Albert, a patternmaker in the rolling mills of Reading. Although Isaac B. Good has made so successful a manufacturer, he was reared on a farm, and remained there until the age of twenty-two, receiving his edu- cation in the common schools of his district. Until 1893 he worked as a cigarmaker, and then opened up business for himself in that line, proving his business ability and succeeding so well that in 1894 he entered into the manufacture of shirts. Though his means were very limited at first, by the practice of economy and diligence he has accumulated considerable prop- erty, owning three valuable houses and lots in Eph- rata, in addition to other possessions. Mr. Good was married July 14, 1884, to Miss Salinda Bowman, of Ephrata, a daughter of John L. Bowman, of Reading, Pa., and to this union one daughter has come, Katie F., born April 21, 1895. Mrs. Good was born Nov. 27, 1863. In politics Mr. Good is a Democrat, but he is not an office seeker, being occupied with his flourishing business. Pos- sessing the respect and esteem of his fellow-citizens, Mr. Good may be justly regarded as one of the rep- resentative business men of Ephrata' borough. PETER Y. FOLTZ, a resident of Terre Hill, Lancaster county, is a worthy representative of an old and honored family in the community in which his industrious and useful life is passing. He was born near Center Church, in East Earl township, March 29, 1853, being a son of Squire Samuel B. and Mary (Yohn) Foltz, both of whom are now liv- ing in Terre Hill. Peter Y. Foltz was reared on the family home- stead in Terre Hill, and was aflforded his education in the public schools. When he was twenty-one years of age he set himself to learning the carpenter 878 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY trade in East Earl township under J. W. Horst, and for the ensuing thirteen years was engaged in this work, a part of this time being associated with Mr. Horst as a partner in the building business. The Terre Hill school house stands as a monument to his constructive ability and honest dealing. After thir- teen years as a carpenter Mr. Foltz took up teaming in Terre Hill, and has since been engaged in that occupation, all the time employing two teams and part of the time three in his work. The teaming for the village of Terre Hill is substantially done by him, as he makes daily trips between that point and East Earl Station. He owns a farm of twenty-two acres, and devotes himself to its cultivation, also renting additional land, and keeping himself busy all the while. He has done some building for himself in Terre Hill, and owns a comfortable and attractive home in the village. Mr. Foltz is an earnest Repub- lican and an intelligent and thoughtful voter. Peter Y. Foltz was married, in 1875, to Miss Emma Coleman, a daughter of Abraham and Caro- line (Clime) Coleman, and a native of Terre Hill. They have a family of five children: Abraham, at home ; Harry, who married Miss Libbie Witmer, and is a resident of Terre Hill, where they have a family of two children, Jacob and Tames ; William, who is a cigarmaker and lives at home; and Samuel and George, at home. Both Peter Y. Foltz and his wife are members of the Mennonite Brethren in Christ, and he is very active in Sunday-school work, being superintendent of the school, as well as class-leader and trustee in the church. JOSEPH B. KERNER was born in Columbia July 2, 1858, son of John Andrew and Anna Barbara (Keidesch) Kerner, both of whom were for many years residents of Columbia. The father was born in Wittenberg, Germany, in 181 3, son of George Kerner, a miller, and emigrated to America with his wife and family in the spring of 1847, settling at Columbia, where he remained until his death, Aug. 30, 1887, at the age of seventy-four years ; his wife survived until June, 1895. They were devout and prominent members of the Lutheran Church. John A. Kerner had learned from his father the trade of miller. He followed baking for a time in Columbia, Lancaster county, later entering the employ of the Pennsylvania Railway Company, with which he re- mained until his death. The children of John A. and Anna Barbara Kerner were John B., of Columbia, a conductor on the Pennsylvania road; Fredericka, wife of Daniel Marks, a hotel-keeper at Danville, Pa. : Andrew, who died in infancy ; Catherine, wife of Jacob Sample, a telegraph operator of Columbia ; and Joseph B. Joseph B. Kerner was reared in Columbia, re- ceiving a fair common-school education. _ At the age of twelve years he began an apprenticeship to a con- fectioner, and followed that trade for ten years. This term of employment was broken by a three-months experience in the United States army, Mr. Kerner's taste leading him to a more active life. After his discharge, at the expiration of three months, he re- sumed candy making at Columbia for a time, and then began his service on the Pennsylvania railroad. For seventeen years he was employed as brakeman and flagman, in May, 1893, became an extra con- ductor, and on Sept. 4, 1899, was appointed regular conductor, still retaining that position. He met with an accident Nov. 29, 1899, through which he lost his right arm. Mr. Kerner married at Columbia, in 1880, Miss Lizzie Brown, who was born in Rapho township Nov. I, 1862, daughter of Harry and Sarah Ann (Hougendoubler) Brown, and granddaughter of Joseph Brown, of York county, and of Michael and Anna (Grann) Hougendoubler, of Lancaster coun- ty ; her maternal grandfather was a tinner by trade. Harry Brown, her father, was a carpenter, and in 1867 removed from Newtown, Rapho township, to Columbia, following his trade until 1876, when he became a brakeman on the Pennsylvania road. He was killed on the road at Philadelphia, March 8, 1881, aged forty-four years ; his widow still survives. To Harry and Sarah A. Brown were born the fol- lowing named children : Anna, wife of Harry Baker, a railroad engineer at Harrisburg, Pa. ; Simon, a freight condtictor, who died Oct. i, 1899; Lizzie; Isaiah, who died aged eight years ; William S., who died in infancy; Harry, who died aged sixteen months; Effie, wife of Charles Miller, a railroad brakeman at Harrisburg ; and Edward, deceased. To Joseph B. and Lizzie (Brown) Kerner was born one child, Catherine A. The wife and mother died June 26, 1899, and the daughter died Nov. i, 1901, aged nineteen years. Mr. Kerner was again married, Dec. 25, 1902, to Miss Sara Harper Adams, who was bom at New Germantown (Toboyne township). Perry Co., Pa., Nov. I, 1874, daughter of Robert C. and Sara (Yhost) Adams. Her father, Robert C. Adams, was bom at New Germantown May 4, 1847, and by occupation is a farmer. Her mother was born at Duncannon, Perry Co., Pa., April 29, 1853. To Mr. and Mrs. Adams were born the following children: Wilson H., of New Germantown, who married Annie Seager, of the same place ; Sara H. ; Franklin, who died in infancy; Luemma; Theodore; Alton, who died in infancy ; Lawrence ; Grace ; Wilmot ; Cloyd ; Harry; and Earl. Mr. Kerner is a member of the B. of R. R. T., of the I. O. O. F., the B. of U., and the Firemen's Re- lief Association. In politics he is a Republican. He has proved a most valuable railroad employe and official, and in both railway and town circles is highly esteemed for his many good qualities. MARTIN L. MILLER, a prominent farmer of Conoy township, Lancaster county, was born Aug. 6, 1846, on the farm where he is now living, son of David and Anna (Longenecker) Miller. The par- ents were born in Ephrata and Donegal townships, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 879 respectively, the father on Aug. 3, 1805, the mother on Feb. 23, 1808. They were married March 5, 1828, and both died in Conoy township, David Miller on July 16, 1889, his wife in August, 1894; she was buried in the cemetery connected with Goods Meet- ing House, in West Donegal township. They were members of the Mennonite Church. The father was an active and hard working farmer until 1875, when he retired to spend his last days on a small place in Conoy township. For six years he was a school director, and he held a good place in the opinion of his neighbors, who judged him an honorable man of industry and integrity. He and his wife had the fol- lowing children: (i) Elizabeth, born March 15, 1829, is the widow of Abraham Martin, of Conoy township; (2) Frances, born Aug. 18, 1830, married Henry Metzger, now a retired farmer of Dauphin county; (3) Anna, born Nov. 25, 1831, is living in Conoy, unmarried; (4) Christian L., born Feb. 20, 1833, is a retired farmer of Conoy township; (5) David, born July 16, 1834, is a resident of Mt. Joy, and his personal history may be found elsewhere ; (6) John, born May 20, 1836, died at the age of eleven months; (7) Henry, born March 22, 1838, is a retired farmer in West Donegal township; (8) Barbara, born May 16, 1839, married John Erb, a truck farmer of Dauphin county; (9) Mary, born Nov. 13, 1840, married Andrew Stoner, a farmer of Conoy township ; ( ro) Leah, born March 14, 1842, is the wife of Jacob B. Erb, of Harvey county, Kans. ; (11) Abraham, born Jan. 23, 1844, is a farmer in Conoy township; (12) Martin L. is mentioned be- low; (13) Martha, born Nov. 2, 1849, married Amos Zimmerman, of York county, Pa., and died in Janu- ary, 1883 ; (14) Samuel L., born March 14, 1852, is a farmer in Mt. Joy township. Ernest Miller, the paternal grandfather of Mar- tin L., came from Ireland, and his ashes are reposing in the Hill Church cemetery in Ephrata. The ma- ternal grandparents. Christian and Fanny (Brene- man) Longenecker, were residents of Lancaster county and prominent at an early day in the history ■of their community. Martin L. Miller has been twice married, the first time, Sept. 5, 1 871, in Lancaster, to Miss Lizzie Con- ley. To this union were born: (i) Emma C, who died in infancy; (2) Phares, a farmer of Conoy township, who married Emma Kraybill; (3) Ellie, the wife of Arthur Albright, a cigar maker of York, Pa. ; and (4) Jacob, who married Lizzie Demmy, and is a painter in Elizabethtown. Mrs. Lizzie (Conley) Miller was born in Lancaster county, and died in' 1877, at the age of twenty-three years, her ashes being interred in the cemetery connected with Bossier's Church. She was a daughter of Samuel and Magdelina (Brubaker) Conley, of Lancaster county. The second marriage of Martin L. Miller occurred Sept. 5, 1878, at the home of his wife's par- ents, in Fairview township, York Co., Pa., when Miss Elizabeth Zimmerman became his wife. To this union have been born the following named chil- dren: Samuel Z., David Z., Martin Z., Ira Z. and Irvin (twins), Levi Z., Anna Z., Reuben Z., Lizzie Z., Benjamin Z. and Frances Z. All are at home except Irvin, who is deceased. Mrs. Elizabeth (Zimmerman) Miller was born in Fairview township, York county, Nov. 18, 1852, a daughter of Peter and Barbara (Hess) Zimmer- man, natives of Lancaster and York counties, re- spectively. Both her parents died in Fairview town- ship, where her father was a farmer, he having set- tled in York county as early as 1820. He passed away Sept. 14, 1874, at the age of seventy-two years, eight months and nine days, and the mother died June 27, 1896, at the advanced age of eighty-three years, having been born March 30, 1813 ; they were buried in the Slate Hill Church cemetery in Cum- berland county. Both were members of the Men- nonite Church. Their children were : (i) Samuel, who is a retired farmer in Dauphin county; (2) Christian, of York; (3) Amos, a farmer of York county; (4) David (deceased); (5) Benjamin, a bishop of the Mennonite Church, who is a farmer in Cumberland county; and (6) Elizabeth, wife of Martin L. Miller. By his first marriage, to Magde- lina Weaver, Peter Zimmerman had children as fol- lows : (i) Moses, who is now a retired farmer in Illinois ; (2) Henry, a farmer of Cumberland coun- ty; (3) Esther, who died unmarried, at the age of twenty-nine years ; (4) Mary, who died at the age of three years; (5) Peter, a farmer in Cumberland county; and (6) Magdelina, who died unmarried, January r, 1902, aged sixty-four years, four months and seventeen days. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Elizabeth Miller were Peter and Esther (Martin) Zimmer- man, both born and reared in Lancaster county. They died in Cumberland county, whither he moved in 1819 and engaged in farming. Mrs. Miller's ma- ternal grandparents were Christ and Lizzie (Mar- tin) Hess, farming people of Lancaster county. With the exception of three years following his marriage, when he was engaged in farming near Bainbridge, Martin L. Miller has spent his entire life on the farm where he is now found. He is a Republican, and with his wife and family belongs to the Mennonite Church. They are all thoroughly honorable and upright people, leading good lives and identified with the best elements of the commun- ity where their peaceful and industrious lives are passing. NEWTON FRANKLIN HALL, whose office is at No. 37 East Grant street, Lancaster, is one of the most widely known members of the Lancaster Bar. He was born in Brecknock township, Lancas- ter Co., Pa., April 29, t86o, and. after attending public school for a time went to the State Normal at Millersville for further study. He taught school until 1886, beginning this work at the early age of sixteen. After reading law with J. W. Johnson he was admitted to practice, in 1886; and to the Su- 880 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY preme court in 1888. He has been a practitioner in the Superior court from its organization. Mr. Hall is a Republican in politics, and as a recognition of his party fealty and services he was elected solicitor to the board of inspection of the Lancaster County Prison in 1891, receiving re-election year after year until he resigned, in May, 1901, to accept the posi- tion of County Solicitor, to which he was elected by the county commissioners, to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of A. B. Hassler, appointed county comptroller by Gov. Stone. On Dec. 20, 1888, Mr. Hall was married to Miss C. Sue Deem, daughter of the late Kennedy Deem, a farmer of Salisbury township. One daughter, Mary Violet, was born to this marriage Dec. 31, 1889. Mr. Hall is a member of the First Reformed Church. Fraternally, he is an Odd Fellow and Elk. He is universally well thought of because of his up- right, manly bearing and conduct, and has a future which promises well for himself and family. WILLIAM OTTERBEIN FRAILEY, propri- etor of the East End Pharmacy, at the corner of East King and Shippen streets, Lancaster, is a descendant of a Revolutionary family, whose history is closely connected with that of Pennsylvania. Leonard Frailey, the first ancestor of the family in America, came from Switzerland in 1750, sailing from Rotterdam on the ship "Royal Union," and landing in Philadelphia. This, vessel was com- manded by Capt. Nicholson, aiid carried 253 male passengers. Leonard Frailey settled at Overbrook, on a farm which long remained in the hands of his descendants. Peter Frailey, great-grandfather of William O., was in his time one of the most prominent men in Berks county, as shown by the records of the State. He was elected a member of the General Assembly in 1797, 1798, 1799, 1800, 1801 and 1802, and be- came register, recorder and clerk of the Orphans' Court, holding this ofifice from 1802 to 1809. He was again returned to the Assembly in 1810 and 1812, and was State senator from 18 13 to 1820. After retiring from public station he was tendered a reception at Lancaster which amounted to an ova- tion. His wife was a sister of Gov. Ritter. Jacob Frailey, grandfather of William O., was a soldier in the war of 1812. He owned farm lands at one time in Schuylkill county, in which rich de- posits of coal were found after he had disposed of the property. He was married to Mary Troyer, and to this union were born ten sons and three daughters, those living at the present time being : Charles R., who is an artistic penman; Jacob; Andrew; and Anne, widow of John Stetter. Henry L. Frailey, the seventh son of Jacob, was in early life a school teacher, but in later years en- tered the real estate business, and was for many years solicitor, inspector and secretary for the Lan- caster Home Mutual Fire Insurance Company. For three terms he was city assessor. He died April 9, 1890. Pie married Frances -Steinecke, who was born in Saxony, Germany, and who came to this country with her parents when she was only six years old. William O. Frailey, son of Henry L., was born in Lancaster, and was educated in the city schools. After he had completed the high school course he became an apprentice to the drug business with W. T. Wiley, with whom he remained four years, and then became a student of the College of Pharmacy, in Philadelphia, from which he was graduated with honor. Returning to Lancaster, the young phar- macist became head clerk for John R. Kauffman, with whom he remained three years, and then opened business for himself at his present location. Three years after he had bought the business he was able to buy the property, and presently enlarged and re- modeled the building to fit the needs of a modern and progressive business. It is now one of the hand- somest and most desirable drug stands in Lancaster. Not satisfied with the goods beldnging to the drug trade, he began manufacturing specialties of his own, notable among them being a Wine of Iron, a syrup of Blood Root, Wild Cherry and Hoarhound, Toothache Drops, a Corn Cure, aromatic essence of Jamaica ginger, Circassian Cream, Cream of Beauty, Chilblain and Prickly Heat remedy, a Vermifuge Syrup, Beef Wine and Iron, Sarsaparilla Com- pound, a Vegetable Stomach Bitters, Liver Pills, Kidney Pills, Cream of Camphor, Worm Lozenges, Antibilious Powders, Benzoine and Glycerine Lo- tion, Pearl Dentifrice, Occidental Tooth Powder, Oriental Tooth Powder, a Hair Tonic and an almost endless list of toilet waters. These are of his own compounding, discovery and manufacture, bearing his name. Mr. Frailey also gives special attention to trusses, fitting them to the most difficult cases. His standing in the profession is well attested by the positions he has held and holds in the various organizations : He is secretary of the Lancaster Retail Druggists' Associ- ation, and was its delegate to the National Associa- tion of Retail Druggists held in Buffalo in 1901, and in Cleveland in .1902, and at the latter meeting he was made chairman of the committee on the form of organization of the National Association. He is also chairman of the executive committee of the Pennsylvania State Pharmaceutical Association, having been elected for two consecutive terms. Notwithstanding these labors as a part of his calling, Mr. Frailey is secretarv of the Lancaster Home Mutual Fire Insurance Company, a position to which he succeeded at the death of his father, in 1890; is. also secretary of the Washington National Loan & Building Association ; and of the Lancaster Real Es- tate & Improvement Company. Blessed with a fine voice and a great love for music, Mr. Fra:iley has been associated from an early age with the leading- musical organizations in the city, and was a director for a time of the choir of St. Mary's Catholic Church. At the present time he is singing in the choir of the Presbyterian Church, being a member BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 881 of that church, and he has repeatedly contributed his musical talent for the benefit of worthy charities. In 1884 Mr. Frailey was married to Miss Eliza- beth Fredericke Strobe], daughter of Henry Strobel, a highly respected citizen of Lancaster, who was born in the Tyrol, Austria. Mrs. Frailey is an accomplished church organist, having filled that po- sition at various times in St. Mary's, St. Joseph's and St. Anthony's Catholic churches, and being still engaged at the latter. Mr. and Mrs. Frailey have been blessed with five children, of whom the sur- vivors are: Henry Edward, William O., Jr., and Frances Mary Elizabeth. Virginia Edna and Charles Joseph died in infancy. Mr. Frailey is a member of the I. O. O. F. and the Royal Arcanum. Wherever found, he shows himself an earnest and enthusiastic worker, always ready to help others. ELWOOD C. WARFEL, the genial and popu- lar proprietor of the "Sorrel Horse Hotel," in East Earl township, was born at the "White Horse Ho- tel," in Salisbury township, this county, Dec. 24, 1856, son of Jacob D. Warfel, auctioneer of New Holland. Mr. Warfel was eight years of age when the family removed to Intercourse, Lancaster county, where they had their home for four years. The next two years were spent in Leacock township, and a short time later Jacob D. Warfel moved to Salisbury township, still later returning to Leacock township. He spent one year in West Earl township, but again returned to Leacock township, and thence moved to Honeybrook, in Chester county ; it was at that place that Elwood C. Warfel cast his first vote. His edu- cation had been obtained in the public schools, and at the age of twenty-three he married. Following this event A^r. Warfel engaged in dealing in stock, and later spent three years in the huckster business. In 1885 he first made a success of the hotel business, in Beartown, where he continued to manage an ex- cellent inn for eight years, at the end of that time coming to Fetterville and purchasing the "Sorrel Horse Hotel." Since Mr. Warfel has taken the management of this hostelry it has become one of the best regulated houses of rest and entertainment in the county, its genial and courteous proprietor being noted for his ability to accommodate his guests and provide for their comfortable sojourn with him. When it is remembered how large a proportion of the representatives of many branches of business spend the greater part of their lives far from their own roofs, it can easily be seen how dependent they are, for* the comforts of home, on the kindness and care of the hotel-keeper, and how appreciative they become of the efforts of those who look after their safety and interests. Therefore Mr. Warfel has a large and growing patronage. Mr. Warfel does not confine his energies to look- ing after his hotel, as he is also engaged in the stock business, and has a tobacco farm. He takes a deep interest in all of the progressive movements in his 56 locality, and may always be counted upon to further all enterprises for the benefit of the community. Mr. Warfel was married, June 2, 1879, to Miss Rachel L. Brubaker, who was born Oct. 3, 1861, in Caernarvon township, Lancaster county, daughter of Perry and Sarah Brubaker, of Lancaster county. A family of six children has been born to Mr. and Mrs. Warfel: Jacob P., Edward F., James C, Vincent, Flossie L. and Lottie May. Jacob P. Warfel, the eldest son of Elwood C. Warfel, was primarily educated in the public schools, then became a student in the Millersville' Normal School, and still later attended the University of Pennsylvania. After one term of teaching in this county he accepted a position as tracer with the Gimbel Brothers house, in Philadelphia, and is a very bright and promising young man. The family is highly regarded in Lancaster county, and Elwood C. Warfel is one of its worthy representatives. ISAAC B. ESBENSHADE, one of the older and very highly respected residents of Manheim town- ship, Lancaster county, was born Sept. 15, 1848, on the old homestead north of Eden, in that county, where he was reared to farm life and educated in the public schools. At the age of twenty-five he mar- ried, and entered into business for himself. His marriage, which occurred Nov. 26, 1872, was to Miss Harriet Gross, a daughter of Martin Gross, who lived in East Hempfield township, and is now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Esbenshade located at once on the farm adjoining the place where they are found to-day. It contained seventy-five acres, and was their home until 1900, when they removed to their present location, one mile north of Lancaster. By thrift and management, as well as industry and character, Mr. Esbenshade has become a wealthy land holder, owning three farms, one containing seventy acres, another seventy-five, and a third fifty- three acres. They adjoin, and are regarded as among the best farms in the county. He also owns a small property along the Oregon pike, in Manheim town- ship. Mr. Esbenshade has improved all three places mentioned, and on the one containing seventy acres erected a fine bam in 1898. A progressive and en- ergetic farmer, he keeps fully abreast of the times. Mr. and Mrs. Esbenshade are the parents of three children: (i) Martin G., born Dec. 16, 1875, mar- ried Miss Kate Zeamer, and is the father of one child, Marie ; he lives on the farm adjoining his fa- ther's home. (2) Bertha G., born Sept. 5, 1877, is at home. (3) M. Laura G., born April 15, 1 881, is at home. Mrs. Esbenshade is a member of the Old Mennonite Church, and all the family are associ- ated with the best people of the community. Mr, Esbenshade is a stanch Republican and takes a deep interest in party affairs. J. MARTIN SLAYMAKER, M. D., a prom- inent and successful physician of Salisbury township, and one of its most highly esteemed and substantial 882 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY men, was born in 1864, in Paradise township, Lan- caster county, son of John M. and Elizabeth (Sny- der) Slaymaker, natives of Williamstown, Paradise township. The Slaymaker family is a very old and most highly respected one in Lancaster county, and was founded here by five brothers of the name, who came hither from their home in Strasburg, Ger- many, after the settlement of this section by William Penn. These brothers each bought 1000 acres of land and a part of this land was contained in the present site of the prosperous town of Williams- town, Paradise township, of which this family hold .deed from William Penn. John M. Slaymaker, the father of our subject, was born in Williamstown, and resided in Paradise township all his life, his death occurring in 1874, when he had reached the age of fifty-eight years. He was interred in the cemetery connected with the Leacock Presbyterian Church, in Paradise town- ship. Mr. Slaymaker was a man of large means and much prominence in his township. As a farmer he was regarded as one of the best in his locality, and he owned three of the finest farms in the township, while as a man of iniiuence in social and political life, he was known beyond his own neighborhood. For a long period he was an active politician, and was- attached to the Know Nothing party, but never accepted any political office. His connection with the Underground railway and assistance given to escap,- ing slaves, was never concealed, he being a man who boldly followed his convictions of right. In his earlier days he belonged to the Presbyterian Church, but at the time of his death belonged to the commun- ion of the Episcopal Church. John M. Slaymaker was a son of Mathias and Rebecca (Ferree) Slay- maker, the former of whom was an extensive farmer in Paradise township. These parents died in their old home and lie at rest in the old Presbyterian cem- etery in Paradise township. John M. Slaymaker was married (first) about 1850, to Miss Emma H. Jack, and the daughter born to this union was Emma, who married Silas K. Eshleman, who is a retired farmer of Leaman Place, Pa. Mrs. Slaymaker died soon after the birth of her daughter. Mr. Slaymaker was married (second) in 1856, to Miss Elizabeth Snyder, born in Paradise township. The children born to this union were as follows : Elizabeth, who married Dr. Ira Gabbert, graduate of the Literary College of Mis- souri, and of Jefferson Medical College, and who is now located at Caldwell, Kans. ; Sarah R., who mar- ried Charles F. Diller, of Lancaster, foimder of the Peerless Emery Wheel Works ; James, who died in young manhood from the effects of typhoid fever ; Dr. John Martin, our subject; Anna M., who mar- ried George W. Himes, a prominent and wealthy resident of Shippensburg, director of one of the banks and connected with many of the industries of that city; Misses Martha J. and Mary M., at home ; and Samuel F., who resides with his family in Philadelphia, where he is engaged in a general grocery business. Dr. John Mairtin Slaymaker was reared on the old homestead at Williamstown, in Paradise town- ship, until the age of fifteen years. He attended the district schools until that time, and then spent three years as a student at the Lehigh Literary Academy. Resolving to adopt the profession of medicine, at the age of seventeen he came to Lan- caster and began his medical reading under Dr. Car- penter, who prepared him for entrance into Jefferson Medical College, from which he graduated when but twenty-two years of age. Dr. Slaymaker lo- cated at Gap, and almost immediately acquired a large practice which has continued to increase in volume and importance ever since. He was ap- pointed P. Pv. R. Surgeon at Gap in 1888. He is one of the. most popular as well as successful phy- sicians in this part of the county, and is so fully occupied with the demands of the public, that he finds little leisure for anything else, although he is a large landowners, also, in the township. Dr. Slay- maker is surrounded with the comforts of life and resides, in a handsome brick residence which he had built and fitted up in elegant style. Five years after his location in the village. Dr. Slaymaker was joined by his mother and sisters, they leaving the old farm in 1888. The family is one of social prom- inence in Gap and every member is held in the high- est esteem. Dr. Slaymaker is a stanch Republican, but his professional duties give him no time to accept public office although he is unusually well qualified to do so. He belongs to the county and State medical societies. With his mother and sisters, the Doctor belongs to the Episcopal Church, of which they are liberal supporters. JACOB B. KELLER. Among the old and hon- ored families who have made Lancaster county what it is, the name of Keller has considerable prominence. The founder of the family in the United States was Jacob Keller, who was born Nov. 14, 1706, and who came to America from Canton Basel, Switzerland, between 1725 and 1730. He purchased, May 7, 1730, a tract of land which now is included in Ephrata township, from John, Thomas and Richard Penn, sons of William Penn. He was a Seventh Day Bap- tist in religion. His death occurred March 10, 1794, and his remains were buried in Cloister cemetery. His wife, born Feb. 2, T708, died May 24, 1787. At his death Jacob Keller left three sons, one- of whom, Jacob, retained the homestead ; Sebastian Ideated in Elizabethtown ; and the third in the State of Vir- ginia. Jacob Keller (2), was born on the old homestead at Springville, CocaUco township, at the head of Trout creek, Feb. 15, 1733, and died Aug. 20, 1804; his wife, Barbara (Landes) Keller, who was born July 3, 1736, died March 18, 1818, and both of them rest in the old homestead cemetery. Of their chil- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 888 dren, Jacob is mentioned below ; Samuel, born May 24, 1763, was a miller at Keller's mill, in Cocalico township, and died Jan. 5, 1848, and John, bOrn Aug. 30, 1766, located near Lititz, and died April 26, 1850. Jacob Keller (3) was born on the old homestead, Sept. 14, 1761, and died April 12, 1830; his wife, Barbara (Huber) Keller, born in 1764, died in 1794. Her sister, who became his second wife, was born Nov. 13, 1766, and died Dec. 14, 1849. He was the father of five sons and three daughters : ( i ) John, born Aug. 6, 1784, died July 27, 1875. He married first a Miss Hershberger, and second a Miss Zent- myer, and his children were, Lydia, Salome, John H., Daniel, Jacob H., Leah, Michael, Samuel, Eliza- beth, Henry and Mary. . (2) Jacob, born Nov. 30, 1786, located at Springville, and died Aug. 14, 1841. He married Elizabeth Shirk, who was born Feb. 23, 1790, and died Feb. 6, 1872. (3) Samuel, born Aug. 7, 1791, died Feb. 27, 1855. His first wife Magda- lena'Erb, born June 11, 1794, died Oct. 5, 1825. (4) Mary married John Hershberger, and had six children, Lydia, Jacob, Sally, Henry, Susannah and Leah. (5) Barbara married David Erb, at Hammer Creek, and had nine children, Samuel, Reuben, Ephraim, Israel, David, John, Levi, Elizabeth and Sallie. (6) Frederick, born Jan. 5, 1794, married Catharine Gross, had thirteen children, and died March 17, 1879. (7) Susanna, married Joseph Shirk and had ten children, Christiana, Leah, Maria, Sallie, Fianna, Annamahala, Lizzie, Jacob, Joseph and Reuben. (8) George is mentioned below. George Keller, the father of the immediate sub- ject of this biography, was born Oct. 22, 1799, and died Jan. 15, 1849, aged forty-nine years, two months and twenty-six days. He was twice mar- ried ; his first wife belonged to the Long family of Landis Valley ; his second wife was Christina Bru- baker, born Nov. 6, 1802, who died April 17, 1842; both are buried in the old cemetery at Springville. Of the children in the family of George Keller, the eldest son George, born in December, 1823, died at the age of sixty-two, leaving a large family; Jacob B. ; Leah, born in 1827, married Jacob S. Wissler, moved to Canton, Ohio, and died, the mother of seven children, Ezra S., Jacob S., Isaac, and four daughters ; Susanna married David Mohler, and had ten children; Elias B., born in 1832, married Re- becca Hershberger, and had eleven children ; Isaac, born in 1835, became a German Baptist minister, married a Miss Rudy, and had eight children; and Annie, born in 1839, married Aaron Weidman, and lives at Reading, Pennsylvania. Jacob B. Keller, a worthy representative of this old and established family, was born Oct. 31, 1825, and was the second son of George Keller. Reared on the farm, one of a large family, he early became accustomed to the duties of an agricultural life, and pursued it for a number of years. At school he was an apt pupil, and finished the common school course with credit, and then took up the profession of teach- ing, but in x86o he engaged in the milling business, six years later removing to Ephrata where he be- came a contractor and builder, and also dealt ex- tensively in real estate. A man of more than average intelligence, Mr. Keller has taken a great interest in his family ancestry, of which he lias reason to be justly proud, for few, like him, can look back over former generations and find the record so universally in favor of sobriety, uprightness and good citizen- ship. On Nov. 6, 1846, Mr. Keller was married to Miss Rebecca Stupp, a daughter of John and Sarah (Eckert) Stupp, of Berks county. Pa., and to this union were born four children : Emrna, born Aug. 11, 1847, who married William K. Seltzer, a prominent attorney and justice of the peace, in Ephrata town- ship ; Alice, born Sept. 7, 1862, married B. F. Bair, a stock-dealer, in Philadelphia ; while Frank and James died in infancy. Ever since the administration of President Lin- coln, Mr. Keller has been an active and ardent Re- publican, and he exerts a wide influence for his party in his locality. For many years he has been a valued and consistent member of the German Bap- tist Church, where he is one of the most cheerful supporters of all charitable and benevolent enter- prises. Although now living a retired life in his comfortable home in the borough of Ephrata, Mr. Keller has not permitted his intellectual faculties to become rusty, as during the year 1898 he compiled and arranged a neat genealogy of the Keller family in America, which he notes was prepared for his per- sonal satisfaction, but which must have required much study and research, and it is of inestimable value to all who are permitted to bear the honorable name. SOLOMON H. GOOD, a successful farmer and butcher of Pequea township, and the present auditor of that township, is actively identified with various interests in his section of the county, and is well and favorably known. Jacob K. Good, his father, was born in Lancas- ter county about 1S15, and followed farming, dis- tilling and milling until his death, which occurred in 1897. He was a Republican in politics, and held the offices of school director and supervisor for some time. He married Miss Mary Havistick, daughter of Jacob Havistick, of Pequea township, and they had a family of eleven children : Joseph, now de- ceased ; Susan, wife of Michael Hess, of Manor township ; John, deceased ; Elizabeth and Mary, who did not marry; Jacob, of Millersville ; Cath- erine and Barbara, both unmarried ; Sarah, widow of William Beshtold ; Abraham, deceased ; and Solo- mon H. Solomon H. Good, whose name introduces this sketch, was born in Pequea township Jan. 21, 1861, and remained at home until he was about twenty- seven years of age. He was educated in the com- mon schools of the county. In 1884. he began the 884 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY butcher business for himself, and has continued same ever since, together with farming, meeting with well deserved success in both branches. He has recently bought the Amos S. Kreider farm, of seventy-five acres, west of his home place. Like his father, Mr. Good is a Republican in politics, and he now holds the office of auditor, discharging the duties of that office with characteristic fidelity and a regard for the interests of his community. C)n Dec. 25, 1887, Mr. Good wedded Miss Eliza- beth K. Good, daughter of Benjamin and Susan (Kling) Good, both of Pequea township, and they have one son, Benjamin Harrison. H. C. HUBER, a prominent farmer of Provi- dence township, was born Dec. 19, 1863, son of Henry and Susan (Charles) Huber, who were natives of Mart.ic township, Lancaster county. Henry Huber, father of H. C, was born in 1833, and died in 1894. He followed farming all his life in Martic township, where, in 1856, he married Susan Charles. A family of nine children was born to this union, as follows : Annie ; Aaron, of Lan- caster ; PI. C. ; Morris, of Lancaster ; Louisa, wiie of Albert Eshleman, of Providence township ; Abra- ham, of Martic township ; John, of Conestoga town- ship; Benjamin, of Manheim township; and Milton, of Pequea township. The family is an old one in Martic township, where Grandfather Abraham Huber was a well-known farmer in his day. Their political .connection is with the Republican party. In religion they are consistent supporters of the Men- nonite Church. On Sept. 17,. 1885, H. C. Huber was united in marriage with Miss Mary Eshleman, daughter of Eli and Susan (Mack) Eshleman, who had the fol- lowing children born to them: Martin Mack, of Martinsville; Daniel, of Drumore; Elizabeth, wife of Joseph G. Rankin, of Martic township ; Jacob P., of Pequea township ; Susan, wife of Chester An- drews, of Columbia, Pa. ; George, of West Lam- peter ; Mary, wife of H. C. Huber ; Eli, of Provi- dence township ; and Lydia, wife of Martin Eshle- man, of Pequea township. Four children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Huber, namely : Annie, Anna, and Mary and Harry, twins. Mr. Huber was reared on the farm, and acquired his education in the public schools of his district. His interest in the schools has caused him to consent to serve as one of the directors in Providence town- ship. He is one of the most highly respected citizens of his locality, and is widely known as a man of good judgment and reliability. ELMER T. PRIZER, M. D., of Lancaster, has by his skill and magnetic personality, as well as care- ful attention to his profession, proved himself an ideal and successful follower of .^sculapius. The Prizers came to America from Germany some time between the years 1720 and 1740, set- tling in Montgomery county. Pa. Benjamin Prizer, one of the Doctor's ancestors, engaged in the manu- facture of flour near Phoenixville, Chester Co., Pa. There John Prizer, father of Dr. Elmer X-> was born. He married Plarriet Towers, daughter of Michael Towers, a contractor of considerable note, of Spring City, Chester county, and four children were born to this union, one of whom died in in- fancy. Those living are Delia, wife of John Deisher, a furniture dealer in Phoenixville, Pa. ; Lura, wife of Henry Wells, in the Pennsylvania railroad ser- vice at Phoenixville ; and Elmer Towers. Elnier T. Prizer was born Nov. 24, 1867, near Phoenixville, Chester Co., Pa., and received his edu- cation in part at Kimber's Academy, at Kimberton, same county, and in part at the State Normal School in West Chester, afterward.taking a course in medi- cine at Hahnemann Medical College, Philadelphia, graduating therefrom in 1896. Immediately after that event the Doctor came to Lancaster, and, open- ing an off.ce at No. 25 South Prince street (formerly occupied by Judge Hayes), has since enjoyed a lucrative practice, having among his patients many of the representative families of the city and vicinity. In December, 1896, Dr. Prizer was married to Miss Jessie Butler, daughter of James Butler, a retired iron merchant of near West Chester, and niece of the distinguished Judge Butler. One child, Rachel, has graced this union. Mrs. Prizer is descended from one of the oldest and most prom- inent Quaker families of Pennsylvania. Mr. Primer is identifie4 with the Presbyterian Church. Socially he is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons; of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows; of the Knights of Malta; of the Knights of the Mystic Circle; and of the Junior Order of United American Mechanics. JACOB L. GARBER. Not only is agriculture the oldest occupation in the world, but it is also the most important, for upon the failure or success of the crops of a nation depends its commercial prestige. Therefore, the calling of a farmer is one of importance and responsibility, and the progres- sive agriculturist of to-day is adopting every means to increase the value of his acres, and in return reaps large harvests. The latest improved machinery is used ; new methods of drainage are adopted, and a regular system of alternation of crops is pursued, so that each acre may bring forth abundantly- Among the farmers of this class is Jacob L. Garber, of East Hempfield township, Lancaster county, who. was born June 13, 1857, in East Donegal township, son of Christian S. and Annie (Lindermentt) Gar- ber, who died in 1882 and 1876, respectively. Christian S. Garber was a native of West Done- gal township, but upon his marriage removed to East Donegal township, where he spent the greater portion of his remaining years, engaged in farming. After a useful and successful Hfe, he died, in the respect and esteem of the entire community. To^ himself and good wife were born seven children:. J!^ C?4^ ^^f^y^. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 885 Mary Ann, deceased, wife of Amos Hustand; Jacob L., of East Hempfield township ; John L., residing in West Donegal township; EH L., resid- ing in Lititz, engaged in the creamery business; Barbara, wife of John Hess, of Manheim township ; Katie, wife of Enos Hess, of Roseville, Lancaster county ; and Christian, deceased. The reUgious con- nection of the parents was with the Old Mennonite Church. Jacob L. Garber was reared upon the farm, and received his education in the public schools of his district. When he reached the age of twenty-three the young man resolved to see something of the out- side world, and made a trip West, where he remained six months, and ujjon his return to Lancaster county he married and located upon the farm he now owns, renting it for two years. At the expiration of this time he removed to Penn township and purchased a farm of eighty-six acres, remaining there for seven years. In 1890, the farm he had rented previously coming on the market, he purchased it, and has since carried on general farming, developing the property, which contains ninety-seven acres, until it is one of the finest farms in the county. In t88i Mr. Garber married Lizzie Buckwalter, a daughter of Joseph Buckwalter, and eight chil- dren have been born to them : Harry B., born July 28, 1882 ; Annie May, Feb. 5, 1883 ; Alvin B., Oct. 6, 1885 ; Jo.seph B., Feb. 23, 1887 ; Lizzie, June 27, 1895 ; Ella' and Jacob, twins, May 18, 1897 ; and Christian, May 7, 1899. Both Jacob L. Garber and his wife are consistent members of the Old Mennonite Church. They are very worthy people, whose popularity in East Hemp- field is well deserved, as they possess many admir- able qualities, which have made for them hosts of friends. CHRISTIAN B. MILLER is a grandson of Christian Miller, who was born and reared in Lan- caster county, owned a 190-acre farm in Conestoga township, and followed farming all his life. He was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. He married Elizabeth Kendig, of Strasburg township, and they became the parents of seven children: Abraham, father of Christian B. ; Christian K., of Conestoga township ; Susan, wife of John Frantz, of Manor; Amos, of Conestoga; Abner, of Cones- toga; Martha, wife of John Nestleroth, of Manor; and John, of Conestoga. Abraham Miller, father of Christian B., was born in Conestoga township, and lived there until he was about twenty-two or twenty-three years old, when he married Elizabeth, daughter of Jacob Buckwalter, of Manor township. Removing to near Millersville, in Manor township, he there engaged in farming until he was sixty years old, when he entered the mercantile business, following same for eight years, after which he retired from active life. Both he and his wife were members of the Old Men- nonite Church. He was always a Republican, held the office of school director for a number of years, and was for a long time auditor of the township. Mr. and Mrs. Miller had the following children: Amos B., Jacob B. and Abram B., all of 'Manor township; Christian B., whose name opens this sketch : and Martha, wife of Abram F. Witmer, of Manor township. Christian B. Miller was born June 3, 1847, in Manor township, and when he was two years old moved to Conestoga township to live with his grand- parents, remaining with them until he was fourteen, when he returned to his father's home in Manor township. He received his education in the public schools. Mr. Miller resided with his parents until he was twenty-one years old, when, on Nov. 10, 1868, he married Miss Lizzie, daughter of Andrew Zercher, of Conestoga township. Soon afterward he began farming for himself, living four years on his uncle's farm in Conestoga, after which he moved to the farm where he has since resided, and which at that time belonged to his father-in-law, Andrew Zercher. He purchased it in 1876, and has since given his entire time to its management. The farm consists of 109 acres, near the center of Conestoga township, one of the best in the neighborhood, and he has recently built one of the finest barns in the vicinity. He is recognized by all as one of the pros- perous men .of his community. Mr. and Mrs. Miller are the parents of eight children: Myra J., wife of Benjamin F. Kendig, of Manor township; Anna M.; Jacob Z., who was married Jan. 16, 1902, to Ella Wissler, of Manor township, and lives at home ; Landis L., who was married Nov. 28, 1901, to Katie Frey, of Manor township, and lives at Creswell ; Lizzie B., who was married Nov. 20, 1902, to Ezra E. Wolgemuth, of Mt. Joy township, and resides there; Harry J., who was drowned in a spring on the place, when two years old; and Mary J. and Cora E., at home. Mr. and Mrs. Miller, and three of their children, are members of the River Brethren Church. Mr. Miller was ordained a minister in that faith in 1889, by Rev. Jacob N. Graybill, and since his ordination has officiated at the Pequea Church. JOHN FLICKINGER is proprietor of the Flickinger Mills, built by John Miller in 1801, and located on Mill creek, in Leacock township, twelve miles from Lancaster. They are operated at the present time by both steam and water power. Mr. Flickinger was born Sept. 6, 1861, on the place where he is found to-day, son of William and Caroline (Moore) Flickinger, who were married in August, 1852. The father was born in East Cocalico township, this county, and the mother in Berks county. William Flickinger was engaged in the milling business from his early boyhood, and in 1856 located at the Flickinger Mills, where he spent the remainder of his life. He was born Feb. 2, 1828, and died Feb. 26, 1899. His wife was born Nov. 24, 1831, and died April 8, 1885. Both were 886 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY buried in Roland's cemetery. They were members of the Reformed Church. Mr. and Mrs. Flickinger had the following family: (j) Richard, who died at the age of twenty-four years, was a miller by vo- cation, and operated his father's mill No. 2, formerly known as Eckert's mill, in Leacock township; he had conducted the mill but one year at the time of his death. (2) Katie married J. D. Bair, formerly a merchant of Leacock township, now a resident of New Holland. (3) John is mentioned below. Richard and Anna (Zeigler) Flickinger were the paternal grandparents of John Flickinger. He was a drover, and died in East Cocalico township, and he is buried at Adamstown. The maternal grandparents of Mr. Flickinger were Jacob and Catherine (Switzer) Moore, both of Berks county, where he was engaged in farming and milling. John Flickinger and M. Elizabeth Evans were married Dec. 29, 1886. She is a daughter of John and Rachel (Overly) Evans, and was born in Honeybrook, Chester Co., Pa., in 1864. To this union have been born W. Gordon and J. Harold. Mr. Evans was a. blacksmith, was married in Lan- caster county, and settled at Honeybrook, where he died in 1892, at the age of sixty-five; his remains rest in the Honeybrook cemetery. His widow, who was born in 1829, is still living, and has her home in Honeybrook. They had the following family : '( i ) Margaret .married William Moore, of Upper Lea- cock township. (2) M. Elizabeth is the wife of John Flickinger. (3) Amos W. is an undertaker in San Francisco. (4) A. Barton is a manufacturer of springs in Philadelphia. The paternal grand- parents of Mrs. Flickinger were Adam and Eliza- beth (Trego) Evans, and her maternal grand- parents were Samuel and Margaret (Plank) Overly. Mr. Flickinger lived with his parents until his marriage. He belongs to the Reformed Church, and is one of the leading and influential citizens of the community. DAVID F. ESHLEMAN, a leading and repre- sentative farmer of Manor township, was born in the village of Creswell, that township, April 11, t86o, son of Amos and Mary (Frey) Eshleman. He attended the public schools near his boyhood home, and as his early life was passed upon a farm he earlier became familiar' with all the duties which fall to the lot of the agriculturist, and is to-day re- garded as one of the most thorough and skillful farmers of his community. At the age of twenty- two years he started out in life for himself as a far- mer, and in 1897 purchased his father-in-law's farm, comprising fifty-four acres of land under a high state of cultivation, and well improved. Here Mr. Eshleman is now successfully engaged in gen- eral farming. He is a member of the Church of God, and is held in high regard by all who know him. On Aug. 30, 1885, Mr. Eshleman was united in marriage with Miss Lizzie Shank, and to them have been born six. children, namely : Cora, Ada, Harvey, Ira, Irene and Lillie. Isaac Shank, father of Mrs. Eshleman, was born on a farm in Lancaster county Jan. 16, 1830, and was two years old when with his parents he removed to the farm near Central M^anor, in Manor township, where he now resides, having made his home there ever since. With the exception of four years, im- mediately after his. marriage, he followed farming until he sold his .place, in 1897, to his son-in-law, Mr. Eshleman. Fie is one of the good, substantial citizens of his community, and is highly respected and esteemed. In i860 he married Miss Sarah Frey, who was born Dec. 5, 1839, daughter of Rudolph P"rey, and they have become the parents of three children: Sarah, how the wife of John Green, of Manor township ; Barbara, wife of Christ Kline, of the same township ; and Lizzie, wife of David F. Eshleman, whose name introduces this sketch. JOHN L. LEAMAN, who is spending the clos- ing years of an exceedingly industrious and earnest life at his home in l^eacock township, Lancaster county, where for many years he carried on farming in an enlightened and progressive manner, was born in that township March 28, 1841, a son of John and Mary (Landis) Leaman, of East Lampeter town- ship. John Leaman, the father, who was a farmer, and died on his farm in 1882, had lived retired during the last thirteen years of the seventy-two which had been given him. He was a man of considerable importance, ' and was a director of the Lancaster County Bank at the time of his death. His wife, who died in 1848, at the early age of thirty-six years, was buried in Mellinger's Cemetery. They were both members of the Mennonite Church. Born to this union were: (i) A son who died in in- fancy; (2) Elias, who died in 1892; (3) Esther, deceased wife of Emanuel Denlinger; (5) Tobias, a retired farmer of Leacock township ; and (4) John L., whose name appears above. The father was married a second time, Barbara Landis becoming his wife, and the mother of one child, who died in infancy. Benjamin Leaman, the grandfather of John L., was a native of East Lampeter township, and was a farmer in his early life. John Landis, the rnaternal grandfather of John L. Leaman, was a native of Lancaster county. John L. Leaman has been twice married, the first time on Dec. 5, 1861, when Anna Hershey be- came his wife. To this union came one child, An- netta, who died in infancy. Mrs. Anna Leaman, who died in October, 1863, was the daughter of Abraham and Barbara (Eby) Hershey, both of Lancaster county. The second marriage of John L. Leaman occurred Jan, 10, 1873, when he was united in matrimony with Mary Landis. To this union were born: (i) Violetta married Ezra Zim- merman, a farmer in Leacock township, and became the mother of five children — John, who died in early BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 887 childhood; Willis, Enos, Maurice and Edna, at home. (2) Hershey died in infancy. (3) Landis died in infancy. (4) Celia is the wife of Clayton Groff, and they have three children, Irwin L., Bethel M., and Lester L. (5) Freeland died at the age of six years. Mrs. Mary (Landis) Leaman was born in West Laimpeter township Feb. 2, 1845, daughter of David and Barbara (Groff) Landis, of East Lampeter township. Her father, who was a miller, died in 1884, at the age of sixty-eight years. The mother passed away in i8go, at the age of sev- enty-two years, and was buried in Mellinger's ceme- tery by the side of her husband. Both were members of the Mennonite Church. They were the parents of the following family: David, a retired farmer of East Lampeter township ; Benjamin, who died at the age of twenty-three years ; Lavina, the wife of Adam Landis, a retired farmer; Mary wife of our subject; Anna, who married Harry L. Grofif, of Strasburg; and Frances, who died when thirteen years old. John L. Leaman remained with his parents un- til his marriage, when he began the cultivation of the farm on which he is found at the present writ- ing. In 1876 he put up new buildings, and the place has been greatly improved under his intelligent and industrious tillage. In 1877 he gave up active farm- ing, and is now living retired, sustained by that competence which represents thrift, economy and industry to a marked degree. For six years Mr. Leaman has been town auditor, and he is regarded as one of the leading men of the community. In religion he is a member of the Mennonite Church, and in politics he is a Republican. AARON HERR, a highly respected general farmer, tobacco grower, and proprietor of the Cor- delia Dairy Farm, in West Hempfield township, was born in Pequea township, Lancaster Co., Pa., Oct. 20, 1846, son of Rudolph and Barbara (Brenneman) Herr, of Conestoga township, who reared a family of eleven children, born in the following order: Charlotte, wife of John C. Seitz, retired farmer at Mountville; Elizabeth, wife of Frederick K. Heise, a farmer in Mifflin county ; Susan, widow of Abra- ham Musser, of Columbia; John, who died in the army ; Jacob, a farmer in West Hempfield township ; Aaron, mentioned above; Lydia A., wife of Harry Dambach, farmer of Manor township; Benjamin, who died in Columbia ; Adam, a painter in Mount- ville ; Barbara, wife of Albert Wagner, a horse dealer in Newark, N. J. ; and Amisiah, a farmer in MifHin county. Pa. The father of this family was a farmer by calling. He served two terms as a school director. He died on the West Hempfield farm in 1897, aged eighty-one years, ten months; the mother died in Mountville in 1895, at the age of seventy-two years, both passing away in the faith of the Mennonite Church. Their remains are in- terred at Mountville. In October, 1871, at Lancaster city, Aaron Herr married Miss Catherine Dambach, who has borne him four children, viz. : John M., a farmer in Manor township, and married to Mary Sowders; Elizabeth, wife of Paris G. Garber, 9. farmer in West Hempfield township; Harvey, who died at the age of sixteen months ; and Minnie, still at home. Mrs. Catherine (Dambach) Herr was born in Manor township Jan. 8, 1851, daughter of Martin Dam- bach and sister of David H. Dambach, of Manor township, a biographical sketch of whom will be found elsewhere. Aaron Herr lived with his parents on a farm until his marriage, when he rented a farm in Manor township for a year, and then came to West Hemp- field township and purchased his present place of eighty-three acres, on which he has ever since lived, and has so well succeeded in a pecuniary sense that he is about to retire from the activities of business and pass the remainder of his days in quiet leisure. He raises ten acres of tobacco annually, and has been in the dairy business since 1882. Mr. Herr is a Republican in politics, and has been a school di- rector for the past two terms of three years each. Fraternally he is a member of Susquehanna lodge, I. O. O. F. ; religiously, with his family, he belongs to the Mennonite Church. Socially the family enjoy the esteem of all their neighbors, being steady-go- ing, self-respecting people. FRANK MICHAEL, a prominent and success- ful business citizen of Terrehill, this county, was born at Rothsville, in Warwick township, Oct. 27, 1847, son of Cyrus and Catherine (Wagner) Michael, the former of whom now is a resident of Disston, Lancaster coimty. He is aged eighty- two years, having been born Oct. 28, 1820. Cyrus Michael is a son of John and Sally (Foltz) Michael, whose parents came to America from Germany. The father established a shoe shop some two miles north of Rothsville, and there spent the greater part of his life. His death occurred at Farmersville, both he and wife dying there, at the home of their daughter, Mrs. Mary Ann Dillman, he at the age of seventy-two years, she when seven- ty-six. Both had been consistent and most worthy members of the Lutheran Church. Their children were: Charles (deceased) was a farmer; John (de- ceased) was a farmer in Franklin county; Cyrus is mentioned below ; Sallie married Michael Kaufif- man : Mary Ann married Isaac Dillman. Cyrus Michael was for many years one of the most extensive farmers of Warwick township, and became a substantial citizen, owning considerable property. His energy took him into many lines — huckstering, the management for some years of a gristmill, and for three years hotel-keeping. In early life he was a member of the Democratic party, but voted for President Lincoln, and ever afterward supported the Republican party. His wife died March 27, iSq8, at the age of seventy-two years. They reared a family of six children : Frank ; 888 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Charles, unmarried; Salinda, widow of George Shreiner ; Rebecca, wife of David Good, of Disston ; Priscilla, wife of David Roder, of Terrehill; and Aquilla, wlio died at the age of four years. The be- loved mother of this family was a devout and pious member of the Dunkard Church. Frank Michael was reared at Rothsville, and ob- tained his education in the common schools. At the age of twenty-four years he began his independent business career, entering a store in Rothsville in the capacity of clerk, and remaining in that connec- tion for seven years. He was then for a time en- gaged in the sewing machine business, and later learned the carpenter's trade, in time accepting a position in the box factory of Sol Lessley, for some six years. In 1885 Mr. Michael embarked in the manu- facture of boxes himself, in Terrehill, and has been very successful in that line, now employing six men, and turning out a product that compares favorably with any on the market. At times, when rushed, Mr. Michael employs as many as twenty-two help- ers. His establishment is known as the Old Maple Cigar Box Factory. His upright methods of doing business have gained for him the confidence of the trade, and he has been an important factor in the industrial life of Terrehill. Mr. Michael was married in 1872 to Miss Susan Wechter, a daughter of Jacob and Catherine (Lutz) Wechter. One daughter has been born to this union, Carrie K., who is the wife of Amos B. Esh- leman, a cigar manufacturer of Terrehill, and has one daughter, Celesta. They are members of the Trinity United Evangelical Church. All the fam- ily are counted among the most highly respected residents of this locality. CHRISTIAN GUNZENHAUSER, a prom- inent business man and respected citizen of Lan- caster, proprietor of the large bakery at No. 255 West King street, was born in Wurtemberg, Ger- many, July 23, 1857, son of Leonard and Anna (Kauffman) Gunzenhauser. Leonard Gunzenhauser, the father, was born in Germany, and died there, as did also his wife, the former when Christian was but one year old, and the latter when he was but twelve. They were the par- ents of six children, five of whom came to America. By trade the father was a miller, and he operated a mill of his own. After the death of his father Christian Gunzen- hauser lived with his mother until orphaned by her death. He lived with his sister two years, and was only fourteen when he came to work out his own future in America. Knowing that many of his coun- trymen were in Lancaster, he went thither, and for two years did such work as he was able to find, finally entering the bakery of Lawrence Goos, where he continued for two years, thoroughly learning the trade. For several years succeeding he worked as a journeyman for George Goebel, and then went to Philadelphia, working for ten years with different firms, thus learning all methods and all kinds of baking and mixing. He first started in businessfor himself in Lock Haven, Pa., where he continued for two 3'ears, and then went back to Lancaster, where he bought the Goebel bakery, located at No. 231 West King street. He successfully conducted same until 1900, when he purchased his present building, and has continued to prosper. He improved the property and has it now in perfect condition, taking a pride in its clean and sanitary arrangement, by which he can offer to his patrons a high class of healthful and most attractive line of breads, pastries and all kinds of cakes. His sale of bread alone reaches over' 25,000 loaves a week. Mr. Gunzen- hauser has twelve delivery wagons employed in dis- tributing his goods in various parts of the city and county, and employs some fifty assistants. In ad- dition to his Lancaster store, which is a three-story brick building, he has built a three-story brick build- ing 48x72 feet in dimensions, which he has equipped with the latest improved machinery, in fact, it is considered one of the finest bakeries in the State. Mr. Gunzenhauser has a number of branch stores throughout the county. While no kind of bakery production is neglected in this establishment, a specialty is made of wedding cakes. His equipment and accommodations would do credit to any city. Mr. Gunzenhauser is connected with various German organizations in Lancaster, and also belongs to the A. & O. K. of M., White Cross Commandery, No. 2 ; B. P. O. E., No. 134. He is a member of the Lutheran Church. In politics he is independent. In 1882 Mr. Gunzenhauser married Katie L. Schaefer, who was born in Lancaster, daughter of Christian Schaefer, a well-known notion merchant of West King and Water streets, Lancaster, and a prominent citizen. Four children have been born to this union: Harry (who died at the age of six years), Margaret, Frank and Charles. The suc- cessful career of Mr. Gunzenhauser shows the re- sult of industry, energy and economy. He began life with small meaps, and has won his own way to the confidence of his business associates and the es- teem of his community, and is justly regarded as a representative business man of his adopted city. PETER M. STERN, a general farmer of Mt. Joy township, was born on the old homestead Sept. 19, 1856, son of Christian and Catharine (Moyer) Stern, the former of whom still resides near the old home. This property has been in the possession of this family ever since its purchase from the Penns, these broad acres having become the property of the great-great-grandfather of Peter M. Stern Feb. 3, 1759, and some one of his descendants has held the farm ever since, each generation improving it and making it more and more valuable. The first of Mr. Stern's ancestors to come to this country was his great-great-grandfather, Johan (or Hannes) Stern, who emigrated hither from Switzer- ^^A ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ /^^/^d^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 889 land in 1736. He and his wife, Barbara, had a fam- ily of four sons and one daughter, namely : Jacob was the great-grandfather of Peter M. Peter, who moved to Bedford county, Pa., married a Miss Moyer. John, who also moved to Bedford county, Pa., settling at Morrison's Cove, died young. Philip, born April 25, 1776, died Dec. 22, 1862; his first wife, Mary, died Jan. 23, 1806, aged twenty-five years ; his second wife, Barbara, born Jan. 27, 1789, died Sept. 16, 1862. Barbara married a Mr. Null. Jacob Stern, great-grandfather of Peter M., born May 7, 1767, died May 31, 1853. He married Eliza- beth Wolgamuth, who was born Oct. 13, 1770, and died Jan. 2J, 1822. They had children as follows: (i) Catharine, born Feb. 23, 1793, died Dec. 20, iv874; she married David Thomas, born April 6, 1782, who died Aug. 21, 1873. They had no chil- dren. (2) Johanna, born Jan. 25, 1795, died when three years old. (3) Elizabeth, born May 18, 1797, died at the age of ten years. (4) Jacob, born Feb. 12, 1799, died Nov. 6, 1880. He married Susan Lehn (sister of his brother Christian's wife), born Dec. IT, T796, who died Oct. 4, 1875. They had three sons and one daughter. (5) Christian was the grandfather of Peter M. Christian Stern, born June 5, 1802, died March 7, 1878. He married Catharine Lehn, who was born July 5, t8o2, and died Feb. 3, 1896. They had children as follows : Elizabeth, widow of John Evans, is a resident of Mt. Joy, Lancaster county; Christian is mentioned farther on ; Catharine, widow of Jeremiah Martin, lives at Elizabethtown, this county. Mrs. Catharine Stern was a daughter of Samuel Lehn, who was born Oct. 3, 1771, in the vicinity of Ephrata, this county, and there spent most of his life, dying Jan. 20, 1854. He married Magdelene Shreiner, who died March 4, 1847, aged seventy-five years, seven months, five days. Christian Stern, father of Peter M., was born March 18, 1828, and still survives, living near the old hom.e, with his second wife ; he has been retired from acti ve labor for a long period. He still clings to the speech of his ancestors, never having cared to learn the English tongue. Mr. Stern is a con- sistent member of the Mennonite Church. His first wife, Catharine Moyer, was born Jan. 31, 1829, in Mt. Joy township, and died Oct. 22, 1878 ; she was buried in a private burying ground on the old farm. Children as follows were born to this union : Mar- tin, born Nov. 11, 1853, died the same day. Eliza- beth, born Dec. 22, 1854, married John Bomberger, a farmer near Lititz. Peter M., born Sept. 19, 1856, is mentioned below. Christian' M., born Sept. 6, 1858, lives on the old farm which has been in the family since 1795 ; he married first Maggie K. Stern, and for his second wife Mary Westenberger. John Moyer, maternal grandfather of Peter M. Stern, was born Aug. 6, 1790, and died May 2, 1858. His wife, Elizabeth (Mea.shey), born Feb. 4, 1798, died in May, 1859. They had children as follows : Peter married Betsev Shearer, and both died in Dauphin county. Pa. Jacob married Catharine Meckley, and they died in Lancaster county. Mary, widow of Daniel Shoemaker, is a resident of Illi- nois. Nancy, widow of John Snyder, lives in Lan- caster county. Betsey married Joseph Horst, and died in Lancaster county. John married Betsy Brubaker, now also deceased, who lived in Lan- caster county. Christian, now deceased, married Rosanna Verner. Catharine became the mother of Peter M. Stern. Martha is the widow of Peter Haldeman, of Milton Grove, Lancaster county. Samuel, who married Anna Weaver, lives at Vian, Dauphin county. On Sept. 15, 1878, Peter M. Stern was married, in Manheim, Pa., to Miss Anna Mary Groff, and two children have come to this union, Samuel G., who was married Oct. 14, 1902, to Anna Mary Johnson, and Stella M. Until his marriage Peter M. Stern resided with his parents, and then removed to his present farm, which he has operated ever since most successfully. He is generally regarded as one of the most progressive farmers of his neighbor- hood, and the air of thrift and prosperity which sur- rounds his place, does much to prove the wisdom of his methods. In politics Mr. Stern is identified with the Prohibition party. In religion he belongs to and generously supports the United Evangelical Church. Mr. Stern justly enjoys the esteem and respect of his neighbors, and is known as a man of honest speech and upright conduct. Mrs. Stern was born in Mt. Joy township, daughter of Samuel S. and Elizabeth (Newgard) Groff, the former of whom was a native of Ohio, and the latter of Rapho township, Lancaster Co., Pa. Mr. Groff was brought to Lancaster county by his mother when he was but three years old, and all the rest of his life was spent here. He became a skilled carpenter and an excellent farmer. He died in Mt. Joy township, May 8, 1897, at the age of sixty-six years, and Mrs. Groff, who was born in 1838, resides in Milton Grove. The only child born to this marriage was Anna Mary, who became Mrs. Stern. Frantz Groff, Mrs. Stern's paternal great-great- grandfather, emigrated to America from Switzer- land about the year 1736. He died at an advanced age, and is buried near Mastersonville, Lancaster count)'. His son, Samuel Groff, mairried Barbara Wolgamuth. He is interred in a private burying ground near Rheems, Lancaster county. Samuel Groff, son of Samuel, and grandfather of Mrs. Stern, was born in Lancaster county. He married Lydia Shaeffer, also a native of this county, born Jan. 20, 1804, who died Aug. 25, 1885. They went to Ashland county, Ohio, where Mr. Groff died, - and a railroad now passes through the cemetery where he was buried. The widow returned with her children to Lancaster county. Jacob Schaeffer, great-great-grandfather of Mrs. Stern through her grandmother, Mrs. Lydia (Shaeffer) Groff, emigrated to America from 890 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Switzerland about 1736, and was killed by the In- dians somewhere in the neighborhood south of what is now Middletown, Dauphin Co., Pa. He had" a family of four sons and two daughters, and at the time the father was killed one of the daughters, then about thirteen years of age, was captured by the Redmen. She lived with them seven years, at the end of which time she with some twelve others (taken prisoners at the same time) was returned to the white settlers, and she subsequently married a white man ; at the time of her return she was dressed entirely in silk. All of the girls taken by the Indians at that time had dark eyes and black hair. Jacob Shaefifer, son of the emigrant, had a fam- ily of thirteen children, all of whom married and had families. Peter married Nancy Hoffer. John was the next in the family. Henry married Eliza- beth Staly. Catharine married Peter Bishop, of Oberlin, Dauphin Co., Pa. David married a Miss Bringits. Margaret married Daniel Scanders. Ann Maria married a Mr. Weaver, of Franklin county. Pa. William married Barbara Hoffer. Adam mar- ried a Walters. Sally first became Mrs. Brandt, afterward Mrs. Nagly. Molly married a Mr. Baum. Elizabeth became Mrs. Sowers. Lydia was Mrs. Stern's grandmother Groff. The father of this fam- ily served in the Continental ariny during the Revo- lutionary war, and took part in the battle of Trenton. His eldest son, Peter, was also a soldier on the American side in that conflict, and fought in the bat- tle of Brandy wine. Lorentz Newgard, Mrs. Stern's maternal grand- father, came to America from his native land, Ger- many, in 1830, when twenty-seven years old. He married Elizabeth Boyer, and they had children: Joseph married Elizabeth Gantz, both are deceased. Elizabeth, Mrs. Samuel S. Groff, was the mother of Mrs. Stern. Kate, who married George Greiner, is living near Mastersonville, this county. Samuel, who still survives, married Maria Stauffer ; she died some time ago. The father died in 1875, at the age of seventy-three, and is buried in the Catholic ceme- tery at Elizabethtown. He was a member of the Catholic Church. ELLIS E. HUNSECKER, proprietor of a rol- ler mill and justice of the peace in Gap, Lancaster county, is one of the prominent citizens of Salis- bury township. Mr. Hunsecker was born Oct. 26, 1861, at Lea- man Place, Paradise township, son of Jacob and Elizabeth J. (Oberly) Hunsecker, natives of Lan- caster county. Their present residence is in Para- dise township, Mr. Hunsecker being a retired mil- ler, having given up his business in that line in 1884, at which time he located in his present home. From 1865 until 1883 Mr. Hunsecker served his district in the capacity of school director, and took an ac- tive interest in both educational and religious mat- ters. He was born in 1827, and his wife in 1836. They both are esteemed members of the Episcopal Church. They had children as follows: Grace, who married Elzra H. Leaman, a box manufacturer in Paradise township; Austin, who died -young; and Ellis E. The paternal grandparents of Ellis E. Hun- secker were Rudolph and Mattie (Longenecker) Hunsecker, natives of Dauphin county, who came first to Columbia and later to Paradise township, where the former carried on milling. On the ma- ternal side he is a grandson of John Oberly, a far- mer of Lancaster county. In 1863 Ellis E. Hunsecker accompanied the rest of the family to Salisbury township, was reared on the farm, and acquired his education in the com- mon schools. When his father retired from ac- tivity in the milling business, he took his place, and has since then been the successful operator of both mill and farm. From his childhood he has been fa- miliar with the workings of the mill. The mill with which Mr. Hunsecker is connected is located in Salisbury township, three miles from Gap, on the Newport road, and was erected in 1780 by Christian Hess. Since 1863 the mill has been the property of the Hunsecker family. It is well equipped for busi- ness, being fitted with a forty-horse waterpower and modern rollers. Under Mr. Hunsecker's man- agement its patronage has steadily increased, and it is one of the most prosperous industries iii this section. Mr. Hunsecker and his family have re- sided in Gap since November, 1896. On Aug. 21, 1900, Mr. Hunsecker was appointed justice of the peace, to serve out an unexpired term, and his administration was approved by his election to the office in February, 1901. His interest in edu- cational matters has been active, and from the age of twenty-one years he was connected with the school board, his removal into Gap alone severing this long association. Fraternally he is a Blue Lodge Mason. In politics he has always been a stanch Republican. He was reared in the faith of the Episcopal Church and is one of its consistent members and liberal supporters. On Sept. 22, 1880, Mr. Hunsecker was united in the bonds of matrimony with Miss S. Vina Skiles, and one son has been born to this union, J. Lloyd. Mrs. Hunsecker was born Sept. 23, 1861, in Sali-sbury township, daughter of John and Sophia (Elmar) Skiles, both of whom were natives of Lan- caster county. Mrs. Skiles was born July 7, 1831, and her death occurred July 11, 1888. Mr. Skiles was born April 19, 1826, and is now a retired farmer in Salisbury township. Mr. and Mrs. Skiles be- longed to the Episcopal Church. Their children were as follows: Anna, who died young; Cath- erine E., who married Frank B. Greenell, a cigar- maker in Philadelphia ; Emma, who married H. B. Worst, of Philadelphia ; S. Vina, who became Mrs. Plunsecker; Miss Lydia L., who resides in Phila- delphia ; Martin V., who is a carpenter in Salisbury township ; and Wilkes B., deceased. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Hunsecker were John and BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 891 Elizabeth (Henderson) Skiles, of Lancaster county, the former of whom was a well-known shingle man- ufacturer. The maternal grandparents were Peter and Catherine (Rhoads) Elmar, natives of Lan- caster county. In Gap and the surrounding country Mr. Hun- secker is well known and very highly regarded as an upright and reliable citizen. The family is prom- inent in social life, and they all enjoy the esteem of the community. MONROE B. WENGER, proprietor of the "Washington House," at Maytown, Lancaster county, was born in West Earl township, this county, Nov. 8, 1842, son of Jacob G. and Lucy (Bear) Wenger, natives of West Earl and Bare- ville. Pa., respectively. Jacob G. Wenger operated the "Akron Hotel" (Lancaster county) from 1850 until April, 1882, when his son, Monroe B., purchased the hostelry, conducting it until 1895. Jacob G., after disposing of the hotel, lived in retirement, in a house adjoin- ing, until his death, which occurred in 1891, at the age of sixty-nine years, his widow surviving until December, 1897, when she passed away at the age of seventy-three. Their remains were interred in the Metzlar Meeting House cemetery, in Earl town- ship, the land for which meeting house and cemetery was donated to the Mennonite congregation by Grandfather Wenger. To Jacob G. Wenger and his wife were born nine children, three of whom died in infancy. Of the survivors, who reached, or nearly reached, mature years, Monroe B. is the eldest: Clayton was a member of the i22d P. V. I., and was shot at Chancellorsville ; Zacharias was twice married, and died when fifty years old; Lemon B. was a soldier of the Civil war, was a stenographer and telegraph operator, and died in Illinois; Ambrose, who served in the 17th Pa. Cav. in the Civil war, was a carpenter and contractor, and assisted in rebuilding Chicago, 111., after the great fire of 1871 (he died in Akron, Pa.) ; Ellen, deceased, was the wife of Horace Killan, a merchant of Akron, who is also deceased. Samuel Wenger, the grandfather of Monroe B. Wenger, was a farmer of West Earl township. He married a Miss Groff, who bore him four chil- dren, viz. : Isaac, deceased ; Henry, a retired far- mer of Elkhart, Ind. ; John, deceased; and Jacob G., father of Monroe B. Samuel Wenger's wife was called away when a comparatively young woman. He himself survived to a ripe old age, dy- ing in 1880, at the age of ninety-two years. The Wenger and Groff families were among the early settlers of Lancaster county, Hans Groff, the pioneer on the maternal side, coming from Germany in 1 716, and. settling in what is now known as Groffdale, Lancaster Co., Pa., about the year 1716. From him have descended all the members of this now distinguished "Pennsylvania-Dutch" family of the name. On Feb. 15, 1864, Monroe B. Wenger was united in marriage, in Lancaster, with Miss Susan A. Bender, who has borne him the following named children: Clayton F., a barber of Akron, who married Viola Writzel; Elmer, who died July 5, f 888 ; Minnie C, wife of John Albright, of Akron, a farmer and cigarmaker; Lemon N., a decorator; Jacob B., who is married to Norah H. Shirk, and resides with his father; and John, who died in in- fancy. Mrs. Susan A. (Bender) Wenger was born in Lancaster, daughter of John and Mary (Bush) Bender, and died Aug. 21, 1894, at the age of forty- seven years, seven months, seventeen days, her re- mains being interred at Akron. The second marriage of Mr. W^enger took place Sept. 17, 1898, in Lancas- ter, to Mary F. Foran, a native of Washington, D. C. To this marriage have come no children. Monroe B. Wenger was a patriot of the Union army during the Civil war, having enlisted at Har- risburg June 8, 1861, in Co. D, 12th P. V. I., in which he served until June 11, 1864. He fought at Drainesville, South Mountain, Antietam, Freder- icksburg, Second Bull Run, Gettysburg, and in the battle of the Wilderness, where he was wounded in the hand. At the first battle of Fredericksburg he lost the third finger of his left hand and was con- fined in Lincoln Hospital for a month, being sent thence to Philadelphia. After his honorable dis- charge he came to Lancaster and followed his trade for two years in the locomotive works, and after- ward, for a year, was engaged in grading a mile and a quarter of the road. He then ran a construc- tion train on the Reading & Columbia road for two years, and was then promoted to the position of en- gineer, in which capacity he acted until April 14, 1877. He then worked at his trade until April, 1882, when he returned to his old home and purchased the "Washington House," now one of the most pop- ular hotels in Lancaster county. Fraternally Mr. Wenger is a member of the I. O. O. F. In religion he is a free thinker, in politics a socialist, and individually he is one of the most popular men in the town of Maytown. DAVID N. LANDIS, a general farmer of Up- per Leacock township, was born in East Lampeter township Dec. 26, 1842, a son of David and Mary (Netf) Landis, natives both of East Lampeter town- ship. Previous to his death in March, 1882, Father Landis lived retired for fourteen years, and was sev- enty-four at the time of his death. 1 ne mother died in 1848, at the age of thirty-five, and both were con- sistent members of the Mennonite Church, and were buried in Mellinger's cemetery, in East Lampeter township. The children born to the parents of our subject were: John, a retired farmer of East Lampeter township; Christian, a farmer; Moses, a retired farmer of this township ; David N., of this sketch; Suisan, deceased, who married Isaac L. Landis; Mary, who married Benjamin L. Landis, 892 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY of Lancaster; Leah, who married Jacob R. Buck- walder, of East Lampeter; Evan, who married Adam Ranck, a farmer of Paradise township ; Anna, who married Michael L. Rohrer, of Upper Leacock township ; and Lizzie, who married Jacob Hostetter, of Lancaster, who occupies the position of turnkey in the prison. All of this family are among the highly respected citizens of this county. Uavid N. Landis is one of the substantial men of this county. Until he was twenty-one years old he remained assisting his father on the home farm, then removed to Upper Leacock township on a farm, thence, in 1901 to his present farm, being the for- tunate owner of three of the most productive and best improved farms in this locality. The first marriage of David N. Landis occurred on Nov. 23, 1866, in Lancaster, when Hettie Rohrer became his wife. She was born in Upper Leacock township, and died in 1871, at the early age of twenty-seven years, and was interred in the Rohrer burying place. She was a daughter of Isaac and Mattie (Einkley) P>.ohrer, of Lancaster county. The children of this rnarriage were : Eleanora, who mar- ried Wayne Bare, a farmer of East Lampeter; and Mary M., who married Amos Witmer of East Lampeter. Mr. Landis was married, second, on Dec. 25, 1877, in East Lampeter township, to Cath- erine L.andis, and to this marriage two sons were born, Harry L. and Aaron L. Mrs. Catherine (Landis) Landis was born in Upper Leacock township on June 16, 1843, ^ daugh- ter of David and Elizabeth (Hostetter) Landis, natives of East Lampeter and Lancaster townships. Mr. Landis, the father, retired from activity in 1873, having long been a prominent farmer, and he died in January, 1891, at the age of seventy-eight years. The mother died in 1872, at the age of fifty-nine, and both were buried on their old farm, and both of them were leading members of the Mennonite Church. The children born to David and Eliza- beth Landis were: Mary Ann, widow of Jacob Metzler, of West Earl township; Hettie, the wife of Samuel Burkholder, of West Earl township; Barbara, widow of Abram Kochel; Anna E., wife of John Wenger, of Manheim; Catherine, wife of Mr. Landis, of this sketch; Louisa, the wife of Abram Herr, of East Lampeter; John, deceased; Jacob, residing on the old homestead in Upper Lea- cock; and David deceased. David N. Landis has always been a member of the Republican party, and with his family belongs to the Mennonite Church. He is held in high es- teem in his community, being a man of strict integ- rity and upright life. HENRY H. CHARLES, a prosperous and progressive farmer of Manor township, Lancaster county, was born Nov. 14, 1859, on his present farm, five miles west of Lancaster City, a son of John and Susan (Herr) Charles. Henry H. Charles was edu- cated in the public schools, and at the age of twenty- one years began operations on his own account by engaging in general farming on his present tract of seventy acres, and about 1885 embarked in the poultry business, beginning in a small way with the Silver Wyandottes, but has since added the Light Brahmas,' Barred Plymouth Rocks, Buff Cochins, Rose Comb Brown Leghorns, Buff Orpingtons, Black Wyandottes, and White Plymouth Rocks, his stock comprising the finest and purest strains in the country, and this stock is in demand wherever poul- try raising is indulged in either for profit or pleasure. The Henry H. Charles plant is supplied with every modern convenience and contrivance for the profit- able raising of poultry, and his incubators will ad- mit of the introduction of 3,000 eggs at one hatch- ing, and the yards, poultry-houses, coops, etc., are perfect in every respect. His general farm is a model in itself, and is conducted on scientific and practical principles. On Nov. 8, 1880, Henry H. Charles married Miss Lizzie L. Landis, daughter of Benjamin and Mary (Landis) Landis, of Landis Valley, and born May 4, i860. To Mr. and Mrs. Charles have been born nine children, namelv: David L., Anna L., Henry L., Benjamin L. (deceased), Lizzie L., Mary L., Alice L., John L., and Laura L. The family are members of the Christian Alliance at Lancaster, of which Rev. Noah Hess is pastor. PETER REESER. One of the most successful agriculturists residing in Salisbury township, Lan- caster county, and now in the prime of life, is Peter Reeser, who was born in East Kaolin, Chester Co., Pa., July 14, 1844, a son of Peter and Catherine (Mast) Reeser, natives, respectively, of Lancaster and Berks counties. Peter Reeser, the father, was a very successful farmer through life. He removed from Lancaster county to Chester county in the spring of 1844, and. settled near the Lancaster line, where he followed his vocation until his death, which occurred Oct. 15, 1856, when he was but forty-eight years old, while his widow lived to be seventy-seven, and died March 17, 1884, their remains being interred in Hershey's Mennonite Church Cemetery in Salis- bury. Their parents were Jacob and Barbara (Blank) Reeser and David and Mary (Kurtz) Mast, of Lancaster county. Their own children were four in number, and were as follows : David, who married Mary Sparr, but has since been called away ; Jacob, married to Sarah Plank, and now farming in Chester county; Peter, whose name stands at the opening of this biography ; and Mary, who is the wife of Chris Hoover. Peter Reeser, the subject proper of this bio- graphical notice, rented a farm in Salisbury town- ship in 1 87 1, his mother and sister becoming his housekeepers, and thus the household was con- ducted until December 20, 1879, when Mr. Reeser was united in marriage at White Horse, Salisbury township, with Miss Lizzie Umble, who has borne BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 893 him twb children, Anna M., and John U. Mrs. Lizzie (Umble) Reeser was born in Salisbury town- ship, Jan. 23, 1847, a daughter of John and Eliza- beth (Kurtz) Umble, natives, respectively, of Salis- bury and Upper Leacock townships, who came to the farm on which Mr. Reeser and wife now reside in 1836, and here passed the remainder of their lives, the father dying on Jan. 20, 1892, at the age of seventy-nine years, and the mother in 1853, when forty-one. John Umble was prominent in the com- munity as a farmer and drover, served his fellow- citizens as tax collector, school director and super- visor, and was otherwise recognized as a useful and public-spirited citizen. The remains of this couple were interred in Plank's cemetery in Salisbury town- ship. Their children were two in number, namely, Anna, who died at the age of two years ; and Lizzie, who is now Mrs. Peter Reeser. The paternal grand- grandparents of Mrs. Reeser were John and Mary (Kurtz) Umble, of Lancaster county, the former of whom was a farmer, and the maternal grandpar- ents were Jacob and Anna (Yoder) Kurtz, of the same county and also farming people. At his marriage Peter Reeser settled on his pres- ent farm of 102 acres, on which he has made many improvements, and the tillage of which has received his constant attention until the present time. He has never frittered away his time in seeking for office, but when called upon to serve his fellow-citizens in any capacity has felt it to be his duty to do so to the best of his ability, and for this reason has for the past seven years filled the position of school director. He and his wife are sincere in their profession of the doctrines of the Evangelical church, of which they are members, and to the maintenance of which they liberally contribute. Mr. Reeser by his industry and good management has acquired a competency, and although still comparatively a young man en- joys a wide spread and well-deserved respect throughout the township. His wife's family are also held in high esteem, and she individually is hon- ored by the entire community for her many amiable qualities and womanly graces and virtues. JOHN G. MOYER, one of the prominent and representative farmer-citizens of Mt. Joy township, was born in Rapho township, Lancaster coimty, Aug. 6, 185 1, son of Rev. John W. and Mary (Greiner) Mover, the former of whom was born in Lebanon county, and the latter in Rapho township, Lancaster county. Rev. John W. Moyer came to Lancaster county in 1849, ^"<^ for forty years labored faithfully as a minister in the Evangelical Church. Both he and wife died on the farm now occupied by their son John G., in 1898, where they had resided since 1865. The father of our subject died at the age of seventy- nine years and two months. The bereaved widow only survived him five weeks, and they were both buried in Milton Grove cemetery. They had three children, namely: Harriet G., who died Jan. 29, 1900 ; John G., of this record ; and Anna Mary, who died at the age of seven years. The paternal grand- father was David Moyer of Lebanon county, where he died, and the grandmother, whose maiden name was Wolgemuth, passed away at the home of her son Rev. John W., in Rapho township, Lancaster county. The maternal grandfather was John Greiner, a large farmer in Lancaster county, and he and his wife, a member of the Kiser family, were buried on the old Greiner farm, in Rapho township. John G. Moyer comes of agricultural ancestors, and he has confined his efiforts to farming through a very successful life, remaining as his father's as- sistant until 1890. He then operated a farm in East Donegal township until 1901, when he returned to his present farm, the same upon which he was reared. He has been identified with many of the public improvements in this part of the county, and not only owns considerable stock in the Elizabeth- town Turnpike Co., but is one of its directors. For three years he served on the township school board, and is known for his enterprise and public spirit. In politics he is a Republican, and he belongs to the fraternal order of Knights of Malta. In August, 1874, in Lancaster, Mr. Moyer- was married to Miss Hettie Gibble, and the four children born to this union are as follows : Hiram, who died young; Aaron, who married Belle Arnold, is a farmer in Mt. Joy township ; Miss Mamie is at home, as is also John P. G. Mrs. Moyer was born Feb. 12, 1 85 1, in Rapho township, daughter of Michael and Hettie (Grove) Gibble, natives of that township, where they spent their lives. Mr. Gibble was a farmer and a member of the Old Dunkard Church. He died May 30, 1877, aged sixty-six years, and his widow died in 1883, aged sixty-nine years. They were laid to rest in private ground in the old Gibble farm. Their children were as follows: Benjamin, a farmer in Rapho township; Anna, wife of Ben- jamin Brookhart, a farmer of Manheim township; Michael, a farmer of Rapho township ; Abraham, a farmer in Lebanon county; Hettie, the wife of Mr. Moyer ; Jacob who lost his life by an accident. May 27, 1882, while assisting in raising a Dunkard Church, in Rapho township ; Amos, a farmer in Rapho township ; and Nathan, also a farmer in Rapho township. The paternal grandfather was Rev. Abraham Gibble, who was a farmer and later a preacher in the Old Dunkard Church ; his wife's maiden name was Menger. The maternal grand- father was John Grove, the latter name being spelled Groff in Switzerland, where the family originated; his wife belonged to the Bicker family. DAVID S. BLANK, who resides on his farm just north of New Holland, belongs to one of the oldest and most respected families of Lancaster county. He was born in Salisbury township, Nov. 20, 1841, a son of Jacob, a grandson of John, and a great-grandson of Jacob, who died in 1835. The great-grandmother of David S. Blank died in 1794. 894 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY They lived in Salisbury township, where they reared a family of eight children: (i) Maria, born July 29, 1780, died Dec. 26, 1848; (2) Anna, born Jan. 13, 1782, died Nov. 30, 1856; (3) John, born Sept. 24, 1784, died in 1846; (4) Jacob, born April 29, 1786; (5) Samuel, born July 13, 1788; (6) Bar- bara, born Feb. 2, 1790, married Christian New- hauser, and died March 5, 1873 ; (7) EHzabeth, born June 11, 1792, died June 24, 1874; (8) Chris- tian, born June 24, 1794, died in Juniata county. Pa., April 7, 1844. John Blank, the grandfather of David S., was a farmer, and owned considerable estate in Salisbury township, where' his life was largely passed. He was also a minister of the Amish Church, and his work extended over a large territory. In 1809 he was mar- ried to Fannie Lantz, of Mifflin county, a daughter of Jacob and Magdalina Lantz, natives of Mifflin county, where she was born Dec. 20, 1787. She died in 1859. To this union were born: (i) Lydia, born May 22, 1810, married John Newhauser, and died April 24, 1851 ; (2) Samuel, born Oct. 24, 18 13, died Nov. 19, 1879; (3) Jacob, father of David S., born March '28, 1816, died Feb. 25, 1893 ; (4) John, born Aug. to, t8i8, died Oct. 2, 1822; (5) Chris- tian, born Sept. 8, 1820 ; (6) Magdalina, born April 12, 1823, became the wife of John Smoker, died Nov. 30, 1887; (7) Stephen, born Jan. 30, 1826, was killed on the railroad Jan. 18, 1851. Jacob Blank, noted above as the father of David, was reared on his father's farm in Salisbury town- ship, where he spent his active life, retiring in old age to a home in Earl township, and dying at the home of his son, John S. He was a devoted Chris- tian man, a member of the Amish Church, and be- came well-to-do in the community in which he was highly respected. Mary, his wife, was a daughter of David and Nancy (Fisher) Stoltzfus, and was born in Leacock township, Sept. 2, 1819. She died April I, 1893. They had six children: (i) Fannie, born Nov. 23, 1839, married Jacob Stoltzfus, a resident of West Earl township ; (2) David S. ; (3) John _S., born July 27, 1844, is a farmer of Earl township; (4) Annie, born Dec. 25, 1848, is the wife of John Miller, of Leacock township; (5) Sarah, born Dec. 29, 1 85 1, is the wife of Simeon Stoltzfus, of Earl township ; (6) Mary, born Aug. 11, 1859, is the wife of Eli Schmucker, of Earl township. David S. Blank was reared in Salisbury town- ship, and educated in the public schools. When he was twenty-four he began cultivating oh his own account a farm of his father, in Salisbury township, remaining there until coming to his present home in 1868, to dwell on what has become under his capable tillage one of the very best farms in this section of the coimtv- It comprises eighty-six acres, every foot of which is under high cultivation. Mr. Blank is a prominent and influential citizen, takes an in- telligent interest in public affairs, and is one of the broad-minded and progressive men of the day. Mr. Blank was married Jan. 15, 1866, to Miss Mary Byler, of Mifflin county, who was born May 15, 1845, a daughter of Joseph and Mary (Lantz) Byler. To this union have come the following chil- dren: (i) Joseph, born Dec. 16, 1866, is a farmer, and has his home in Salisbury township; (2) Jacob, born Oct. 24, 1868, died young; (3) David, born March 11, 1870, is a resident of Leacpck township; (4) Malinda, born Nov. 5, 1871, married Daniel Byler, of Leacock township; (5) Mary, born May 23, 1873, married Gideon Byler, of Leacock town- ship; (6) John, born June 8, 1875, died March 31, 1891 ; (7) Emma, born Aug. 24, 1878, is at home; (8) Samuel, born May 25, 1880, is at home; (9) Isaac, born Oct. 17, 1882, is at home, as is his sister, (10) Sarah, born Dec. 23, 1884; (n) a son. Mr. and Mrs. Blank and family are members of the Amish Church, and hold a creditable position among the good people of this section of Lancaster county. AMOS N. STAUFFER, the proprietor of the Little Chickies Mills, on the banks of the Little Chickies about three miles from Mt. Joy; Pa., is en- gaged in its operation, and uses both water power and a gasoline engine. This mill was built by Ben- jamin Miller, and has been in the Stauffer family about forty years. Mr. Stauffer was born on the place where he is now living Dec. 24, 1864, a son of Peter H. and Anna (Newcomer) Stauffer, who were married in Lancaster, Jan. 3, 1854. They were born in West Donegal and Rapho townships, respectively, and began their married life in West Donegal, but in the year of their marriage they moved to the mill property, which Mr. Stauffer purchased from his father's estate. Jacob Snyder had been its owner prior to its acquirement by the Stauffer fam- ily. Peter H. Stauffer was born Feb. 16, 1827, and now resides with his son Amos N. The mother, who was born in 1830, died in February, 1886, and was buried in the Kraybills cemetery. They were both members of the Mennonite Church. Their children were : Christ, who died at the age of forty-two years, who was married to Elizabeth Bear ; Levi is in the engine and implement business in Mt. Joy, Pa.; Elizabeth died young ; and Amos N. The paternal grandparents of Amos N. Stauffer were Jacob and Catherine (Hershey) Stauffer, of Lancaster county. The grandfather died on the old homestead in i860, at the age of fifty-nine years; and the grandmother in 1875, at the age of seventy- three, both in the faith of the Mennonite Church. They were both laid to their last rest in the family burying ground on the old West Donegal homestead. They had the following family: Benjamin, de- ceased ; Anna, deceased ; Peter H. ; Fanny, deceased wife of Christ Snyder ; Joseph, deceased ; Christ, de- ceased : Jacob, a retired • farmer ; Henry, a farmer near Lititz ; Abraham, engaged in the cultivation of the old homestead ; and Saul, in Dayton, Ohio. The paternal great-grandparents were John and Anna (Nissley) Stauffer, farming people of Lan- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 895 caster county, where he was also engaged in the operation of a mill near Manheim. The maternal grandparents were Christian and Elizabeth (Niss- ley) Newcomer, of the township of Rapho, where they followed farming and died on the old home- stead. Amos N. Stauffer and Barbara Miller were mar- ried Oct. 25, 1887. This union has been blessed by the birth of five children: Norman M.,- Bertha M., :Mary M., Leah M. and David N. Mrs. Barbara Stauffer was born in Conov township, a daughter of D. L. Miller, of Mt. Joy. ' Mr. Stauffer remained with his parents until 1892, when he purchased the farm, and his father has resided with him. In religion he is a member of the Mennonite Church, and in politics a Republican. Both father and son are highly respected members of the community and sustain a fine reputation for honesty, industry and neighborly spirit. AMOS ADAM SHEAFFER, a successful busi- ness man of Lancaster, belongs to an old family of the county. His great-grandfather, Martin Sheai?er, and his grandfather, also named Martin, both lived and died in Lancaster county, where they were substantial farmers. Adam G. Sheaft'er, father of Amos A., was a farmer of Ephrata township, and died in April, 1893, at the age of seventy-three years. He married Mary Catherine Fry, daughter of Jacob Fry, a farmer of Ephrata township. His farm was close to Frysville, a village founded by the family. Mr. and Mrs. Adam G. Sheaffer were the parents of eleven children, six of whom are living : Martin, a hotel-keeper at Kinzers ; Amos A., whose name appears at the opening of this article; Martha Louisa, wife of Conrad Sheaffer, of Lancaster, who is now living retired ; Susan, wife of Cyrus Sheaffer, a farmer of Bareville ; Harriet Emma, wife of Jacob Herr, who is living retired at Bareville; and Eliza Missouri, wife of John M. Ranck, a farmer of New Holland. Among the deceased was Jacob F., the distiller, whose '"Golden Rod" -whisky was widely known. Amos Adam Sheaffer was born on the old home- stead, now known as Hinkletown, Nov. 22, 1861, and was educated in the public schools, which he left when eighteen years of age. For a time he was employed on a farm, and in 1885 became a salesman for his brother Jacob, who had his liquor business at No. 3 North Queen street. There he remained until September, 1889, when he purchased a store. Seven years ago Mr. Sheaffer secured a front room on East King street, and, uniting the two rooms, opened a large and convenient liquor store. It is not unusual for him to wholesale seventy barrels of whisky a month, his leading brands being the "Sheaf- fer," the "Golden Rod" and the "Club" whiskies. Mr. Sheaffer has the formula of the "Golden Rod," and his copper distilled "Golden Rod" has become even more popular than the original brand. Mr. Sheaft'er married Miss Eliza Long, Jan. ir, 1893. She is a daughter of a farmer who lives on the old Long homestead liear Neffsville. To them have come three children : Mary May, who is now at school; Benjamin Leon and Amos Paul. They have a very charming home at No. 537 North Duke street, where Mr. and Mrs. Sheaffer have lived since their marriage. Mr. Sheaffer is a Republican, and belongs to the I^utheran Church at Bergstrasse, where his mother and her father lie buried. The Sheaffer ancestors were for the most part buried at Groft'dale. WILLIAM J. CALDWELL, a well-known and prosperous general farmer in Leacock township, Lancaster county, was born Aug. 23, 1867, in the township where his active years are passing, son of John B. and Amanda (Hershey) Caldwell. His parents were farriiing people, and remained in Lea- cock township until 1895, when they removed to Narberth, Montgomery Co., Pa., to live retired, Mr. Caldwell having relinquished active labor in 1898. He was born in 1839, Mrs. Caldwell on May 5, 1845. Both are members of the Presbyterian Church. The father has been a Republican all his active years, and is now devoted to the tenets of the party which in former days meant so much to him. The children of this estimable couple are as follows : William J. ; Charles E., a traveling salesman from Philadelphia ; John A. ; and Robert W., who is in the coal and feed business. The paternal grandparents of William J. Caldwell were William and Sarah (Buyers) Cald- well, and the maternal grandparents were Jacob F. and Christiana (Bair) Hershey, all natives and resi- dents of Lancaster county. William J. Caldwell was' married Oct. 17, 1888, to Lillie E. Hurst, who was born Nov. 12, 1865, on the farm where she and her husband are now es- tablished, daughter of Mathias S. Hurst. To this union have come two children, Grace L. and Bertha E. Mr. Caldwell lived with, his parents until his marriage, and for seven years was engaged in culti- vating the old family homestead. At the end of that time he moved to the farm where he is now to be found, a handsome and well appointed place of 109 acres. Mr. Caldwell has been school director for five years, and is a Republican in his political views. He and his wife belong to the Lutheran Church. SAMUEL F. FOLTZ, a deputy collector in the 9th Internal Revenue District, belongs to one of the old families of Lancaster county, whose various representatives for several generations have played an important part in local affairs. He was born in Caernarvon township, Lancaster county, Aug. 3, 1859, and received his education in tlie public schools. When he was about twenty years old he se- cured employment in the store of Mr. Wechter, at Terrehill, where he remained about two and a half years. P'or another year he was engaged in farming. 896 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and then set himself to the carpenter's trade, at which he was engaged for a number of years. In 1885 Mr. Foltz was elected to the office of constable, being also assessor, as the two offices were at that time associated. He filled these positions for five consecutive terms, and while in office was ap- pointed, May 15, 1890, a deputy revenue collector for the 9th District. After four years of work in that position he was ousted by a change of adminis- tration. In 1895 he was appointed to fill a vacancy in the office of tax collector, to which, after two years' employment he was elected, continuing therein until September, 1898, when he was again appointed a deputy Revenue collector, in the same district in which he was before engaged. Here he has been re- tained to the present time, and has a very creditable record as a capable and efficient Revenue official. Mr. Foltz has served scA'eral times as a member of the Republican committee, and is recognized as one of the wheel horses of his party in the countv. Mr. Foltz belongs to the A. O. K. of M. C, and to the L.O. O. F., Terrehill Lodge, No. 454. Socially he has made many friends by his frank and' endear- ing qualities. Mr. Foltz was married, April 23, 1880, to Miss Frances S. Peters, who died in 1891, leaving two children, Lizzie V. and Percy. Mr. Foltz married, for his second wife, Dec. 24, 1893, Miss Mary L. Nelson. She belongs to the Evangelical Church. HERMAN BOMEISLER GRIFFITHS, man- ager of Rocky Springs Park, a famous picnic resort near Lancaster, although not a native of Lancaster county, has done so much for the promotion of en- joyment and healthful amusement among the people of the city that they regard him as "one of their very own." For seven years he has had his business there, and in that time has commended himself most favorably to the local public. James Griffiths, the father of Herman B;, set- tled in Philadelphia, and was one of the early steel engravers in this country. A gentleman of much intelligence and fine physique, he was -active and vigorous during a long and useful life, until his last illness, from which his death resulted Jan. 2, 1896. James Griffiths was married in early manhood to Mary Boraeisler, and by her became the father of three sons, William M., Herman B. and James A., all of whom have been amusement caterers for more than twenty years. Among the cities and towns where they have had charge of rinks, parks and other places of attraction are : Atlantic City, Oma- ha, Meriden, Richmond, Atlanta, Philadelphia, Mt. Gretna, Pa. (where H. B. Griffiths has also been in charge six years), Nishaning Falls, Pa., Wilming- ton, Sea Isle City, Cape May, Chesapeake Beach, Md., and other places of more or less importance. Herman B. Griffiths was born in Frankford, this state, Feb. i, 1854, and was educated in the schools of Montgomery county. At the age of seventeen years he applied himself to the calico printing busi- ness in company with his father, at Gloucester, N. J., where he worked four years. On March 4, 1880, he was married to Sarah Emma, daughter. of William and Isabella Hillborn, both natives of this State, and Quakers, of English descent. The fam- ily was reared in that faith for many generations, and Jesse G. Webster, the maternal grandfather of Mrs. Griffiths, was a cousin of Daniel Webster. From this union were born two children, Isabella Hillborn and William Herman. After his marriage Mr. Griffiths began the cultivation of the paternal estate, which is now in the possession of his mother. In the spring of 1896 he took possession of Rocky Springs Park, near Lancaster, on a six years' lease, having an option on the place, This interesting park consists of forty-two acres along the pictur- esque Conestoga river, the only wooded tract any- where near the city that can be used for general pic- nic and park purposes. Two commodious steam- ers were put on the river by him for the purpose of carrying passengers to and from the Park, and he also built a dance pavilion, a large show pavilion, and a pavilion for the purpose of protecting pas- sengers while waiting for the boat, besides beautify- ing the place with exquisite flower beds, adding birds and animals to the place, building a large to- boggan, a switch back railroad, etc. He introduced electric lights for the densely shaded grounds, re- placing the coal oil torches and lamps formerly in use, and the park was so improved in every way that it soon became the great picnic resort of Lancaster, more than one hundred thousand people visting it every season. Their general and generous response to his efforts so pleased Mr. Griffiths that he has already secured ownership of one-third of the Park, and still retains his option on the remainder. Such has been the career of one who has done so much to give the people of Lancaster a resort where the young and old, rich and poor, can spend a day or an hour in recreation at a trifling cost, and he has certainly proved himself a public benefactor. GEORGE KINZER HOFFMEIER, who is in business with his brother, Charles Stamm FEoffmeier, under the name of Hofi'meier Brothers, dealers in furniture at No. 40 East King street, Lancaster, is descended from a very old Pennsylvania family. His paternal grandfather, the well-remembered J. L. Hoffmeier, was born in Millersville, Lancaster coun- ty. The progenitor of the family in this country came from Germany. J. L. Hoffmeier was for years, clerk of the Lancaster county prison, filling that office with rare ability. Amos K. Hoffmeier, father of the Hoffmeier Brothers, was also a furniture dealer in East King street for many years, and was the inventor of some very excellent devices in furniture. He died in 1894. His widow, Mrs. Mary (Stamm) Hoffmeier, be- longs to a very old family and is a sister of Frederick Stamm, who attained considerable fame as an in- ventor. The surviving children of Mr. and Mrs. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 897 Hoffmeier are as follows : George K. and Charles S. constitute the firm noted above. Mary Grace is the wife of Prof. Thaddeus G. Helm, principal of Franklin and Marshall Academy, Lancaster. Her- bert Miller is one of the assistant superintendents of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company in Lan- caster. Two children have passed away. George K. Hoffmeier was born in Lancaster Dec. 13, 1861, received his education in the city schools, after which he was employed in his father's estab- lishment for two years, when he became manager of the telephone service in the city and county. This position he held for four years. For three years he had charge of the telephone department of the fire insurance patrol in Philadelphia. In July, 1886 he came back to Lancaster to take a position in his fa- ther's store, which he held until 1889, when, in com- pany with his brother Charles, he embarked in his present enterprise. Mr. Hoffmeier was married, Nov. 14, 1889, to Miss Emma D. Stauffer, a daughter of the late Mar- tin Stauflfer, of Gap, who had retired from active business some years before his death. Mr. Hoff- meier belongs to St. Paul's Reformed Church, and to the Artisans. He and his wife live in a charming home at No. 26 Chester street. Charles Stamm Hoffmeier, of the firm of Hoffmeier Brothers, was born in Lancaster, Aug. 21, 1864. He attended the public schools until he reached the high school, which he left to enter his father's store, which was only a few doors from the magnificent establishment of which he is now one of the proprietors. There he remained until 1889, when the firm of Hoffmeier Brothers became a reality and began the successful business which is still conducted at the present stand. For some years They conducted their business on the second and third floors. After taking possession of the first floor of the building the business seemed to grow to amazing proportions. In 1901 an addition was built — a five- story building, thus giving a depth of 230 feet from East King street ; it is one of the finest furniture es- tablishments in the State. Mr. Hoffmeier was married. May 22, 1889, to Miss Helen N. Bidwell, daughter of the late Solo- mon Bidwell, an inventor, of Philadelphia. To this union were born Rhea Charlotta and Helen Louise. The very cozy home of the family is at No. 22 Ches- ter street. Mr. Hoffmeier is a member of St. Paul's Reformed Church. He is one of the charter mem- bers of the Young Republicans. The brothers are energetic and capable men, and no firm in the city enjoys the confidence of the people in a more marked degree. B. Z. HESS, of Fulton township, is among the best and most favorably known citizens of the vicin- ity in which he resides. He was born in Pequea township, Lancaster county, April 5, 1858, and is a member of one of the oldest families of the county, being a son of Abraham M. and Annie (Zeigler) 57 Hess, both natives of Lancaster county. The fa- ther is still residing in Pequea township, at the ripe old age of seventy-two years. Abraham Hess, grandfather of B. Z., was also born in Pequea township. He was the father of six children : Barbara, Elizabeth, Annie, Maria, Susan and Abraham M. The family adhered to the old Dunkard religion, and in politics the men were for the most part Whigs and later Republicans. Abraham Hess was married (first) in 1850 to a Miss Hess, who, however, bore no relationship to his family before her marriage. They had one child, who died in infancy, the mother soon after following it to the grave. In 1855 ^^- Hess married (second) Miss Anna Zeigler, of an old Lancaster county fam- ily, and they had a family of seven children : , Con- rad is a farmer in Pequea township ; B. Z. is men- tioned below; Abraham A. is a farmer in Donegal township; Noah is a farmer of Pequea township; Martha is the wife of Parris Engle, of Columbia, Pa. ; and Ezra and Elsie died in childhood. Mr. Hess lost his second wife by death, and married (third) Barbara Herr, of Manor township, by whom he has had four children: Annie is the wife of Jacob G. Mann, of Manor township ; Enos resides in Virginia; Barbara died in infancy; and Elizabeth remains at home. B. Z. Hess was reared on the home farm, receiv- ing a common-school education. On May 17, 1882, he married Barbara, daughter of Henry and Susan (Buckwalter) Warfel, of an old family of Lancaster county. Two children have come to Mr. and Mrs. Hess : Susan A., born Nov. i, 1884, and Barbara, born Oct. 21, 1893, both residing at home. The mother, Mrs. Hess, was born Dec. 8, 1861. Mr. Hess chose farming for his life vocation, and though he started out in moderate circumstances he is to-day the owner of a fine farm of 231 acres, with first class improvements. Mr. Hess is a Baptist in religious belief, and in politics is a member of the Republican party. He is one of the best known men in the southern part of Lancaster county, and is al- ways associated with any movement whose object is the betterment of the community in which he lives. GEORGE ARMENT LANE. The immediate ancestors of George Arment Lane were Thomas and Susanna (Graham) Lane, the former of whom passed out of life at the home of his son on March i, 1884, in the sixty-seventh year of his age. His occupation through a busy life had been that of carpenter and cabinetmaker, which business he followed in Para- dise township, where he. lived and died respected by , all who knew him. His widow still survives, at the age of eighty years, and makes her home with her only child. George Arment Lane. The grandpar- ents of Mr. Lane were Robert and Elizabeth (Ar- ment) Lane, and Edward and Fanny Graham, the latter having been born of Scotch-Irish parents from the North of Ireland, who later settled in Harris- town, Paradise township, this county. 898 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF. LANCASTER COUNTY George Arment Lane was born Nov. 5, 1853, in Harristown, anandis and executed, being the first to re- ceive the extreme penalty of the law in this county since 1858. Bertha McConnell was convicted of attempted murder, and served her time ; Jerry Green, colored, was convicted of murder in the second de- gree for killing his half-brother, and was sentenced to twenty years imprisonment; and young Leipold, whose forgeries of the name of a millionaire attracted attention all over the State, was sent to the Hunting- don Reformatory after Mr. Lane had convicted him. These are some of the most noted cases out of nearly three thousand disposed of^ during his term. Mr. Lane was elected to the Lancaster School Board from the Sixth ward for six years, during a greater part of this time being chairman of the com- mittee on Finance. This position he resigned when he became District Attorney, the offices being in- compatible. : .Mr. Lane- was married, in 1881, to Miss Annie Fulton, a daughter of James and Rosanna Fulton, of Parkesburg, who was principal of the Parkesburg schools at the time of her marriage. Four children .were born ■ to this miion, two of whom survive : Anna May, of the class of 1902, MiHersville State Normal School, who possesses musical talent, and is a piano pupil of Prof. George Benkert ; and James Thomas, a grammar school lad of twelve years, who is also gifted in music, being a vioHn. pupil of Prof. Carl Thorbahn, more extended mention of whom may be found elsewhere. . Mr. Lane is a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Lancaster, and was the superintendent of the Sunday-school for nine years. Fraternally he is a member of Herscihel Lodge, No, 123* I. O. O. F., and of Lancaster Council, No. 912, Jr. O. U. A. M. Mr. Lane is a self-made man. He is a genial, kind-hearted gentleman, and his friends in Lancaster county are many, as- is evidenced by the support he received when a candidate for political office.. ABRAHAM, MYERS! The Myers family, which is now scattered until there are members in almost every State of ,. the Union, originated, in Switzerland, from which country came John Myers, who founded the American branch of the family, in the latter part of the eighteenth century. Taking part in the Revolutionary war, he became thoroughly identified with the progress and development of the United States, particularly Pennsylvania, where he found a comfortable home and a warm welcome from the pioneers who were then settling in the forests of Lancaster county. John Myers settled in Eden township, cleared up a tract of wild land and con- verted it into a fine estate, leaving a good property to his children, who were: Henry, of Eden town- ship; John, of Eden; Frederick; David; Benjamin, who died in young manhood ; Sophia, who died un- married; Betsey, who married John Fickinger; Susan, who married William Pearson, of Eden; Sallie, who married Harry Rowiskey; Mary, who died on the old home place, unmarried ; and Jacob, father of Abraham Myers. Jacob Myers was born in Eden township in March, 1798, and there married Susan McMichael, who was born in 1819. She was a daughter of Will- iam and Anna McMichael, the McMichael family being well known in the pioneer annals of the county. Jacob Myers settled on his father's old homestead after the death of the father, and there lived until his death, in 1879, at the age of eighty years. His twelve children were: Lydia, Malinda, Eliza, and one son died in childhood. Christian, born March 28, 1835, married Miss Ella Pickle, of Lancaster coun- ty, and settled on one of his father's farms, where he died in November, 1898, leaving a widow, who resides on the farm with her three children, George, Ada, and Clara. Abraham is mentioned below, Lavina, born at the old home in 1838, is the wife of John Carmahan, of this county, and they reside on his farm in Eden township ; their two children are Harry J. and Susan. Benjamin, born in Eden town- ship in 1-845, married Mary- McElhaney, and they reside on his farm near the old homestead ; they have no family.- Amanda, born- in 1850, is the wife -of Wilson. W. Jackson, and they reside in Eden town- ship; they have ho family. ' Emeline; born in 1856, is the wife of Sylvester Aulthouse, and they reside on his fine farm in Sadsbury township ; their three children are Lydia, Susan and Ruth. Elizabeth, born in 1858, married Lewis Irvin, who resides in Eden township, his farm being located there, and they have three children, Jessie, Charles, and May. Eliza, born in the old homestead, married Christian Mowrer, and they reside on his estate in Colerain BIQGRABHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 899 township ,' their four children are Ida, Amanda, John and Chester. The old homestead was the home of Abraham Myers for some years, after his marriage; His edu- cation was acquired in the common schools of his district. Reared a farmer boy, he has continued in agricultural- pursuits all his life, making [farming his Hfe work. On Dec. 22, 1874, he was united in' marriage, with Miss Jemima. C-E. Herr, daughter of John and Margaret (Ralston) Herr, who was born Jan. 11, 1850, in Eden township, received. an excellent pommon-school education, and by a careful mother was thoroughly instructed in housewifely 'ways. Her family is prominent in the religious an- nals of the county and State, as well as in business, and social circles. For four years after his marriage, Mr. Myers and his family lived on the old homestead farm, and then he purchased what is locally known as the John Easier farm, in Eden township, where he and family have resided until the present date (some twenty years). Mr. Myers has done much improving here, in the way of rebuilding, remodeling, and fencing, and has now the satisfaction of owning one of the most attractive, valuable and productive farms in a county which is rioted for its handsome homes. The two sons born to Mr. and Mrs. Myers are : (i) John A., born Oct. i, 1875, received his primary education in the district schools, and later became an ambitious student in the Millersville Normal School, from which great institution he graduated with honor in the class of 1898 ; during the next year, at the same institution, he took advanced work in lan- guages and higher mathematics, since which time he has followed the profession of teacher during the winter months, being acceptable through the whole county, where he is considered one of the most prom- ising young men of the community. During the sum- mers he engages in carpenter work, and many of the very attractive and convenient buildings on the home farm are testimonials to his skill in that trade, as, well as a humber of creditable achievements in the machinist's line ; he is now employed as a traveling machinist by the Piano Manufacturing Company, of Chicago, 111. (2) C. William was born at the old home in Dece.mber, 1878, also attended the dis- trict schools in boyhood, and later became a student in the ■.Millersville Normal School; Both sons re- flect great credit upon their parents and their home^ training, and are respected through the community. In politics Mr. Myers has been a lifelong Demo- crat, and his sons are no less stanch in their Democ- racy, believing the principles advanced by that .party to be the best for the .country. : Rut Mr. Myexis is no. politician, -and invariably refuses to accept office. Brought, up in the. Lutheran Church, he has never departed from its teachings. He is well and favor- ably known throughout his part of. the county, and well represents the honorable ancestry from which he sprung.: His life has been devoted to the farming interests of the community, his early training on the pioneer farm giving him a thorough knowledge of methods of work and the possibilities of, different kinds of land. As a neighbor and citizen his sterHng character has been recognized, and in the highest degree he enjoys the esteem of his loyality, his neigh- bors and business associates uniting in their judg- ment of him as an honest man and a fit representative of the community. . ■- . ■^. GEORGE R. HEISEY, , attorney at law and certified public accountant, was born in East Done- gal township, Lancaster Cg„ Pennsylvania. ^ Eli Z. and Annie H. (Reich) Heisey, his par- ents, were natives. of East Donegal township. Eli Z. Heisey was a farmer, and followed that calling until his death, April 2, 1893. Annie H. Heisey, his wife, died June 15, 1898. They were the parents of five children : Eleanor, who died in infancy ; George R, ; Ethelbert R., teller of the First National Bank of Marietta, Pa ; and Jacob Z. and Annie M., both of whom died in infancy. The paternal grand- parents were Christian and Martha (Zigler) Heisey, of East Donegal. The maternal grandparents were Dr. George and Mary (Long) Reich. George R. Heisey was educated at Schuylkill Seminary, Palms National Business College, and Close & Black's School of Shorthand. He followed the profession of public accounting until April, 1901, when he was admitted to the Lancaster Bar, and has since practiced law. He is the managing director of the Pennsylvania State Building & Loan Associa- tion of Lancaster, Pa., and a member of the Pennsyl- vania State Examining Board of Expert Account- ants. In, August, 1891, Mr. Heisey was united in mar- riage at Marietta with Mary A. Steacy, a daughter of George S. Steacy, who is mentioned below. No children have come to this union. Mr. Heisey is a Republican in politics. George S. Steacy^ father of Mrs. George R. Heisey, was born in Strasburg, Lancaster county, and died in 1874, on his farm in East Donegal town- ship, three miles from Marietta. His parents, John and Sarah Steacy, had eight children, viz. : John, Williarn and Edward, deceased ; Sarah, widow of Rev. Mr.. Atmore ; Grace, Mrs. Connard, deceased ; Elizabeth, deceased wife of Rev. John Edward; Mary, -deceased wife of. Rev; Mr. Bishop; and George S. George S.. Steacy was married in Marietta, in 185.6, to Miss Margaret A. Stahl, and to this union were bom the -following named children: Emma, who died, young; Mary A., wife of George R.. Heisey ; William, a carpenter in Fresno, Gal. ; and George S., a mechanic in York, Pa. Mrs. Margaret A. (Stahl). Steacy Was born in Marietta, 'daiughter of- Jacob and Agnes (Park) Stahl, of Lancaster. Jacob Stahl was a lumbermaxi in early and middle life, but lived in retirement in Marietta for many 3'^ears prior to his death, which took place in 1882, when he was eighty-two years of age; his widow 900 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY survived until 1890, dying at the age of eighty-seven. They were members of the Presbyterian Church, of which Mr. Stahl was an elder for more than thirty- five years. Their four children were George W., deceased ; Mary J., widow of A. N. Cassel, of Mari- etta; Margaret A., widow of George S. Steacy; and Miranda, wife of J. H. Grove, M. D., of Philadel- phia. The grandfather of Mrs. Margaret A. Steacy on the paternal side was John Stahl, of Lancaster, and her maternal grandparents were James and Mark (McWicker) Park, also of this county. Mr. Steacy was an agriculturist all his days in Conoy township; he was injured while threshing, and the accident resulted in his death. He was a good Christian, and highly respected, although not a member of any church organization. In politics he was a Republican. AMOS E. BURKHOLDER, a prominent young member of the Lancaster Bar, emanates from parentage influential and widely known in social and professional circles. His ancestors, who were of the Mennonite denomination, came to this country several generations ago, and his grandfather, Chris- tian Burkholder, a farmer by occupation, was born in West Earl township, Lancaster Co., Pennsylvania. Ezra Burkholder, father of Amos E., was well- known surveyor, conveyancer, notary public and justice of the peace, and transacted volumes of busi- ness of a very important character during his -life. He died July 12, 1890. In 1853 he married Annie M. Hoffman, daughter of Christian Hoffman, a merchant of Vogansville, Lancaster county, but originally a farmer, and six children comprised their family, five of whom are living : E. H., a surveyor, conveyancer and justice of the peace, of Farmers- ville, Pa. ; Mary, intermarried with V. C. Sheetz ; Amanda, interniarried with Oscar Hackman ; Fran- ces, intermarried with Joseph K. Tobias; and Amos E. Amos E. Burkholder, whose name introduces this sketch, is a native of Pennsylvania, born in May, 1866, in West Earl township, Lancaster county. He received his earlier education at the district and select schools of that locality. Later on he finished his studies at Central Pennsylvania College, from which institution he graduated in 1888. Mr. Burk- holder taught school from the fall of 1888 up to 1893, in which year he entered the law offices of John E. Malone, Esq., at Lancaster, Pa. In 1896 he was ad- mitted to practice law, and within the prescribed time became a practitioner in the Supreme and Superior courts. He is located at No. 48 North Duke street, Lancaster. In 1893 Mr. Burkholder was married to Miss Clara E- Bolster, daughter of George Bolster, mar- ble and granite dealer at Ephrata, Pa. A son, Henry Clay, now five years old, and a daughter, Margaret Elizabeth, now one year old, have been born to them. The family have their home at the old homestead, occupied by Mr. Burkholder's par- ents, at Farmersville, Pa., which place Mr. Burk- holder has greatly enhanced, modernized and beauti- fied, thus affording comfort to his family. He at- tends faithfully to his practice in the' city, good railroad facilities permitting him to be at his office early in the morning and return in the evening. Mr. Burkholder is a pronounced Republican, but has never sought party preferment. In 1901 he was appointed prison solicitor. In religious faith he is a member of the German Reformed Church. He is a careful and intelligent counselor, entirely devoted to, his profession ; has built up a fine clientage, and is popular alike inside and outside the circles of the honorable profession of which he is an honored member. • LEVI SHULTZ, one of the progressive, reliable and representative citizens of Strasburg township, who resides one and one-fourth miles north of Martinsville, was born in West Lampeter township Jan. II, 1846. His parents were John and Elizabeth (Marison) Shultz, well-known residents of that, township. Levi Shultz was reared on the home farm, and re- ceived his education in the common schools. Until he was thirty years old he remained assisting his father, and at that time he purchased the farm of thirty-five acres which has been his home ever since. Here he carries on general farming, and he has made many valuable improvements which have increased the value of the place very considerably. All of the surroundings denote the presence of an excellent manager, and his is one of the most comfortable and attractive homes of the neighborhood. In 1876 Mr. Shultz married Miss Hannah Barge, who was born in Strasburg township Jan. 8, 1853, a daughter of the late Witmer Barge. Mr. and Mrs. Shultz are the parents of four children : Lizzie B., wife of Harry Deiter ; and Witmer J., Harry B. and Emma Maud, all residing at home. Mr. Shultz is a man of standing in his locality, and both he and his wife, with the two eldest children, belong to the Mennonite Church, where they are valued for their excellent traits of character and have many friends. SAMUEL U. STOLTZFUS, who is one of the leading and respected citizens of Earl township, and resides on his farm a mile and a half west of New Holland, was born in Earl township, Lancaster county, Nov. i, 1851, a son of John and Elizabeth (Umble) Stoltzfus. John Stoltzfus, now deceased, was born Jan. 13, 1810, a son of Christian and Anna (Blank) Stoltz- fus. Leacock was his native township, and there he was reared and educated. Bred to farming, he fol- lowed that avocation all his life. After his mar- riage he came to Earl township, locating near Hink- letown, but later purchased a farm of ninety acres, which lies two miles west of New Holland, and which was his horne until his death, March 22, 1897. He was a leading citizen of his day, and a Christian BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 901 gentleman of high character and broad spirit. For years he was an active minister in the Amish Church, his work being largely in the lower Mill Creek Con- gregation, where his Christian example and long de- votion to his Master made him a host of friends. John Stoltzfus was twice married, his first wife, PZlizabeth Umble, becoming his bride March 7, 1830. She died Oct. 2T, 1S53, when forty-two years, six months and nine days old. They had the following family: Anna, who was born March 27, 1831, is the widow of Christian Lapp, of Leacock township ; Mary, born April 25, 1832, died unmarried; Jacob, born Sept. 22, 1833, is deceased; John (2), born Sept. 11, 1835, lives in Caernarvon town- ship, Lancaster county; Jonas, born May 19, 1839, lives in Caernarvon township ; Fannie, born Sept. 17, 1840, married Henry Fisher, a resident of East Lampeter township; Daniel, bom Oct. 29, 1841, is a resident of Chester county ; Henry, born Jan. 3, 1843, lived in Chester county until his death in December, 1901 : Christian, born Aug. 3, 1845, is a resident of Berks county ; Amos, bom Nov. 20, 1847, lives in Upper Leacock township; Eliza- beth, born Feb. 20, 1849, mdrried Joel Fisher, of Lancaster township; and Samuel, born Nov. i, 1851, is a resident of Earl township. The father married for his second wife, Feb. 5, 1857, Elizabeth Nof- 1 singer, who was born Jan. 16, 1820, by whom he had two children : J. Bena, born July 22, 1859, married ! John B. Schmucker; and Isaac, born Dec. 15, 1861, lives on the old homestead. The parents of the sec- \ ond Mrs. Stoltzfus were Peter and Jacobine (Swart- : sentauber") Nofsinger, natives of Illbach, Germany. The mother is still living. Samuel U. Stoltzfus was reared on the paternal \ farm, and educated in the public schools. When he I was only twelve years old he began working for wages, and at twenty-four began farming on his : own account, renting a place of ninety-six acres, : which he farmed for ten years. At the end of that time he bought thirty acres, a part of his father's ' farm, which he improved with buildings, and where he made his home for four years, when he bought an 85-acre farm, where he is still to be found. Here he has also made extensive improvements, and is known as a very successful farmer. On his farm Mr. Stoltzfus has a fine stone quarry, and for several years he has been engaged in quarrying and crushing stone. In 1899 he bought an approved stone crush- ing machine for the highways, and now gives all his time to a very extensive stone business, which he has worked up in the neighborhood. In 1874 Mr. Stoltzfus was married to Miss Elizabeth Zook, a daughter of Lydia Zook, who was born near Binkley's Bridge, and to them have come seven children: Lydia, the wife of David Beiler, of Bird-in-Hand ; Reuben, who married Miss Sarah Renno, and lives in Leacock township ; Fan- nie, at home, as are the other children, Levi, Mary, Annie and Elmer. Mr. and Mrs. Stoltzfus are mem- bers of the Amish Church, and the family are counted among the most worthy and respected citizens of the county. SIMON SHISSLER, who carries on an ex- tensive retail business as a cigar manufacturer in Lancaster, is one of the most enterprising citizens of that place, both in business and public circles. He has filled numerous positions of trust, with uniform satisfaction to all concerned, and his popularity is the result of faithful service and honest methods in every relation of life. Mr. Shissler comes of that sturdy German stock to whose characteristic thrift and industry Lancas- ter county owes its present prosperous condition, and his family has been identified with the county for two hundred years. The Shisskrs originally came from Germany, and were devout adherents of the Lutheran Church. John Shissler, grandfather of Simon, was born in Manor township, and died there at a good old age. His wife lived to the age of nine- ty-eight. Jacob Shissler, father of Simon, was born in Manor township in 1805, and died in Lancaster in 1868. He was a cooper by trade, and built the large distillery near Strasburg. In 1858 he came to Lancaster and took charge of the cooperage owned by Philip Baker, continuing in that employ until his death. Jacob Shissler first married a Miss Mil- ler, by whom he had seven children, five sons and two daughters. Four of the sons served in the Civil war : Jacob was a member of Company I, 79th P. V. I., and met his death while in the service, after fight- ing bravely for nearly three years. Albert, who be- longed to the same company and regiment, was a -private; he died in Andersonville prison. Philip and Amos were both members of the soth Pennsyl- vania Militia. The former is now a resident of Stras- burg, and the latter makes his home near that city. By his second wife, Susan (Snyder), a native of Strasburg, Jacob Shissler had three children : Anna, now Mrs. Binkley, of Philadelphia ; Harry, of Lan- caster; and Simon, whose name opens this sketch. The mother of these is still living in Lancaster, and though now nearly ninety years of age is vigorous both mentally and physically. She is a member of Trinity Lutheran Church. Simon Shisskr was born April 16, 1856, in Para- dise township, thi« county, and has lived in Lancas- ter since he was two years old. His education was received in the public schools. He was only thir- teen years old at the time of his father's death, and a year later commenced his apprenticeship to the trade he has followed all his life, becoming a practi- cal cigarmaker under the instruction of John Hull, with whom he remained three years. Later he was in the employ of Albright & Bros, and Metzger & Wiley, until 1885, in which year he received his ap- pointment as letter carrier in the post office depart- ment. He served thus four years. In June, 1889, Mr. Shissler embarked in business on his own ac- 902 BIOGRAPBICAL A-NNiALS^ OF ■LANCASTER €OUNTY count, at No. 52 J4 North Queen street, where he has ever since remained, and the store is one of the most popular in Lancaster. He has always made a specialty of the finest grades of goods, employing the best workmen obtainable, and the products of his factory, which is located in the rear of his store, are justly celebrated. Fifteen hands are kept busy constantly. Mr. Shissler's standing among business men is unquestionable. Mr. Shissler has taken a prominent part in the improvement and progress of the city, and he has as- sisted acceptably in the local civil administration for a number of years. In 1890 he was elected to the city council from the First ward by a good majority, although he is a Democrat, and the ward and city are conceded to be Republican. Iii 1892 he was elected president of that body by a large majority, and as such served on the Special Water committee, which in 1892 placed in operation the ten-million gallon pumps. The following year he removed to the Fifth ward, of which he has since been a resi- dent. In the spring of 1900 a vacancy occurred on the school board of the ward, and Mr. Shissler was unanimously chosen to the position. His greatest honor from his fellow citizens, however, was received in the spring of 1898, when he was nominated and elected mayor of Lancaster, serving one term in that office. No more convincing evidence of the high esteem in which he is universally held could be given. Mr. Shissler is an ardent worker in the Democratic party, and has served several years as secretary of the City Democratic committee. In 1879 M*"- Shissler Was married, in Lancaster, to Miss Alice Anderson, a native of Warrenton, Va., whose father. Perry Anderson, was engaged in "busi- ness in that State, retiring after the war and making his i home in Lancaster. Three children have blessed this union, Henry, Walter (deceased) and Clyde. The family have a fine home at No. 119 Charlotte street. Mrs. Shissler is an intelligent woman; In religious connection she is a member of the Duke .Street Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Shisisler affiliates with Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M.; Emanuel Lodge, No. IJ04, I. O. O. F.; th& Knights of the Golden Eagle ; the Knights of Malta ; and the Jr. O. U. A. M. ;■ ■ MARTIN F. WITMER, a native-born citizen and most respected farmer of Matior township, Lan- caster county, was bom April 2, 1850, on the home- stead' on which he still lives, two miles west of Mil- lei-sville, son of Christian K. and Susan' (Furik) Witmer. He acquired his education in the public schools, arid continued to assist his father until 1878, when he began operations on his own account, and is now classed among the leading and most progres- sive agriculturists of Manor township. Ori Dec. 5; 1877, Martin F. Witmef: married Elizabeth -B.'Harnish, who was born on Chestnut Hill April. 20, ■ 1-854, daughter of Le-v-i and Leah (Butt) Harnish, the former of whom died Feb. 12, 1902, aged eighty-five years, five months, ten days, after an illness of nine weeks. This marriage has been blessed with five children, viz. : Leah H., born April 8, 1880: Alice H., Sept. 28, 1881 ; Levi H., Jan. 4, 1884; Elizabeth H., March 11, 1886; and Simon H., Aug. 20, 1888 (died Oct. 28, 1893). The family worship at the Mennonite Church, are among the most respected residents of Manor township, and their homestead of sixty acres is a model of neat- ness and comfort. Abraham Witmer, grandfather of Martin F. Witmer, was also a native of Manor township. He married Maria Kilhifler, and by her became the father of four children, namely: Jacob, Abraham, Betsey (who was married to Christian Charles), and Christian K., all of whom lived and died in Manor township. Christian K. Witmer was born in Manor town- ship June 24, i8ig, and was reared a farmer. He first married Susan Funk, who bore him two chil- dren, Abraham F. and Martin F., both farmers of Manor township. His second marriage was to Eliza- beth M. (Kindig) Doerstter, daughter of John Kin- dig, and to this union were born three children, namely : Mary, wife of John Krieder ; Fannie ; and Lizzie, widow of Aaron Newcomer. Elizabeth M. Witmer died Nov. 7, 1900, aged eighty-two years, twenty-two days ; she was sick but one day, having had a stroke of paralysis early in the morning. Chris- tian K. Witmer died July 22, 1902, aged eighty-three years, twenty-seven days. The surviving members of the family are all Mennonites, and as the Witmers are among the oldest residents of the township, they are held in very high esteem by their neighbors. DAVID C. HAUCK. Andrew Hauck, the grandfather of David C, was reared on the line be- tween Bucks and Lahcaster counties, and was a laborer in hi^ active years, which were very largely spent in Earl and Salisbury townships. He married Catherine Fiar, and they became the parents of ten children : John, Andrew, William, David, Matthias, Hannah, Barbara,- Peggy, ^.-atnerine and Mary, all deceased excepting the two last hiamed; : . r :." ■; .i William Hauck, father of DavidC, 'was rieared to the life of a laborer, and wca-ked' among- the -fafi mers of Salisbury and Earl townships, owning a small home in the former township; He married Miss Margaret Caffery, a native of Lancaster coanty, who died about 1890, at the age of sixtyrfive- years. William Hauck died at the. age of fifty^six, in 187.5- Both were members of the Methodist Chtirch. They were the parents of -eight children r'Lircetta^ de- ceased) I'narried Jonathan Wallace r David C. is menf tioned belbw; William died at the age of eighteen )'ears; Catherine (deceased) married -Moses Wat lace : Henry lives in-' Salisbury township.;. Margaret married Harry Griffeth,' of Paradise-'township-'.Mil-- tott is a resident of Earl' township; Diller.is also a resident of Earl township; .. ;.:.. ;.:.;:.;,; David C. Hauck was born Feb. 25, 1845, in Earl BIOGRAPHICAL^ -ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 908 township, and was educjtted in the local, schools. When he was nine years of age he began working out among the farmers, working for wages, until he was twenty-five years of age, when he began farming in Paradise township, near Kinzers, renting a farm of eighty-seven acres for five years. At the expira- tion of that period he bought twenty acres in Lea- cock township, of J. D. Warfel, which he sold ten years later, to buy eighty-one acres of Abraham Groff, a f arrh located in the southeastern part of Earl township, where he has made his home since 1885, and is engaged in general farming. In politics he is a Republican, and he has been supervisor of Lea- cock township for three years. In December, 1868, Mr. Hauck married Miss Catherine Sweigart, who was born in Philadelphia, daughter of Barnhart and Julia Ann (Defifenbach) Sweigart, and they have six children : Elizabeth E., wife of Ludwig Pflaumer, a resident of East Earl township ; J. H., at home ; David F., at home ; Ruth Ann ; Naomi C. : and Ithamar A. Mr. and Mrs. Hauck are members of the Old Mennonite Church, and are numbered among the worthy and respected people of this county. JOHN F. BALTHASER is one of the prosper- ous business citizens of Ephrata, being the proprie- tor of an extensive meat business, dealing in all kinds of fresh and salted meats, and supplying a large ter- ritory, with a constantly increasing patronage. John F. Balthaser was born July 26; 1863, son of Jacob and Lena (p-aust) Balthaser, natives of Berks county, where his grandfather, also named Jacob, was an extensive farmer. The father was born in 1839, and married Lena Faust in 1859, and they reared eight children : Howard, born in i860 ; John F., born in 1863 ; Thomas, borii in 1866 ; Franklin, borri in 1868; Sallie, born in 1870, who married Alain Baker ; Jacob, born in 1873, who lives in Read- ing; Emma, born in 1875, who married Hahrey Noecker ; and William, born in 1880, living at home with his father.' - ■^- John F. Balthaser ha^ had his own way to make in the world. When nine years of age the family re- moved to Reading, and there lie was eniployed in a brickyard, receivitig forty tents a day for "the first year, after which he received one dollar per day. At the age of thirteen, during the panic of 1876,- he worked for forty cents a day,' .walking three rftiles back and forth daily. --.He received his pay in scrip which was redeemable only -at oti6 , store, in goods or in cash, at a discount bf'-twehty per cent, At the age of ..'sixteen he entered the "brewiiig business, re- maining at same about one yeafy'and ^hen entered a foi'indry in Risading to become a finished- niQider. Later he went' to Denver, Pa., Where he- -worked at brickmakiKg for about onie year^ and' then erigaged in the butcher business^ niaking, a success of it; -But seeking a larger fieM'fpi^^-his' business,; he reniGvea to Ephrata, Pa.,'and took -m-'a partner ;' the 'firm iaiied, and Mr. -Balthaser -lost all he hid. ^ In 'spite of these drawbacks he started again,. and, as he says, having had enough of a partnership business, he first worked for another butcher until he accumUT lated money enough to buy the first steer in order to start for himself. Ever since, by economy, industry and good management, he has been very successfully engaged in business. John F. Balthaser was married March 7, 1885, to Miss Mary Baker, a daughter of Isaac and Fannie (Drybread) Baker, of Lancaster county, and six children have been born to this union : Jacob, July 4, 1886; Harry, July 22, 1888; Edna, May 29, 1889; John Jr., March 14, 1891 ; Maud, Dec. 10, 1893 ; and Isaac, April 15, 1896. Mr. Balthaser has gained the confidence of the public by his invariably honest dealing. His pos- sessions number several nice buildings in the bor- ough, and he stands well as a citizen. For many years he has been a stanch Republican, and has been twice elected a member of the Borough Council. He is fraternally connected with the I. O. O. F. and with the Sons of America, and in religion is a consistent member of the Lutheran Church. GEORGE LEIBLEY, a well-known resident of Lancaster, living at No. 634 East King street, and who has been in the United States Railway Mail Service for many years, belongs to a very old Lan- caster county family, his ancestors having lived here for generations. Indeed, no family name in the re- gion has been more familiar than that of Leibley during the past century. Jacob Leibley, father of George, was one of the pioneer butchers of Lancas- ter. He entered into rest in 1852, aged sixty-nine years, while the mother, who was Charlotte Miller before marriage, and a native of Lancaster, passed away in T885, aged seventy-nin4 years. George Leibley was born Feb. > 12, 1843, on the old family home on South Queen street,' where all the members of his family were born. After receiv- ing a partial education in the public schools, he left at an early age, to become a printer's apprentice. He had just finished his apprenticeship when, ' in 1861, he enlisted as private i-ii the 79th Pennsylvania Vol- unteers, serving over three years. He was 'detailed •fronj the -ranks -and made a clel'k at Gen. Negley's Division Headquarters, and later was transferred ib -the comrhissary department at Gen. George H. Thoihas's Headquarters, Army- of the Cumberland. •His service ended, Mr. Leibley again went to print- ing, but was soOn appointed a route agent on the Pennsylvania railroad. After tontinuing thus- two years he left that serviee, and- soon' afterward was appointed clerk in the House oi Represehtatives Post Office, Washington," Di C, serving there for two sessions, having been 'appointed to that posi- tion by Thaddeiis Stevens-,- -then xneinbef - Of Goftgress from' this" district. In 18S9" Mr. Leibley -wa'sfe-ap- "poiiated to^ the IJiiited' States; Mail-Servi-ee, -in-'which -He' still;' f'erndin'^, 'funning frbm-''^Ne'w'--York -City-fo ■Pittsburg.'-'" ■■- ■ . ■' '■■- ■■■ i;^;^"':- ■■-.' ■lijr: 904 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY On May 19, 1866, Mr. Leibley was married to Miss Mary Clara McCarter, daughter of the late Arthur McCarter, of Norristown, Pa., and niece of the late Col. James McCarter, a veteran of the Civil war, and who was a clergyman, having ministered for a time to the people of the First M. E. Church, of Lancaster, the older members of which still hold him in loving remembrance. To Mr. and Mrs. Leibley have come seven children, one of whom died in in- fancy. Blanche, who was the wife of William D. D. Long, entered into rest June 17, 1898, leaving two children, one a boy babe only a day old, who has ever since been a member of the household of his grand- father, George Leibley. The surviving children are Arthur, who is employed at John Wanamaker's, Philadelphia; Mildred, wife of C. J. Rhen, of the firm of Rhen & Reese, job printers on North Queen street; Katharine, at home; Albert, in the jewel setting department of the Hamilton Watch Factory ; and Harold, at school. Mr. Leibley is a Lutheran in his religious faith, and the only organization to which he belongs is that of the Railway Mail Service Relief Associations. Of genial, generous nature, possessing fine conversa- tional powers, Mr. Leibley is a most companionable gentleman, and the regret is that owing to the re- sponsible duties which call him from home so much of his time his fellow-citizens see so little of him. WILLIAM C. WHITESIDE. The commer- cial life of Tayloria, Lancaster county, is well repre- sented by William C. Whiteside, the well-known merchant and justice of the peace, who was born in Colerain township, May 6, 1866, a son of James and Elizabeth (Irwin) Whiteside, also of Colerain town- ship. James Whiteside was born in November, 1825, and died in 1893, being a son of Robert Whiteside, who came from Ireland to Lancaster county, about one hundred years ago, settling in Colerain township, where he lived and died. He was the lather of four children : Saniuel, Robert, John and James, all now deceased. About 1857, James married Elizabeth Irwin, a daughter of Peter and Elizabeth Irwin, of Chester county. This marriage was blessed with five childreri : ' John W., of Colerain township ; J. Charles ; Samuel P., of Colerain township, all far- mers ; William C. ; and one now deceased. During his lifetime, James Whiteside was among the highly respected citizens of the township, and at the time of his death, he owned four fine farms. William C. Whiteside was reared upon his father's farm, and received his education first in the district schools and later in the excellent academy of Colerain township. In 1889, he embarked in a gen- eral merchandise business at Tayloria, and has con- tinued in this line with marked success, ever since. He served also as postmaster, until his election as justice of the peace in 1894 necessitated his resigna- tion. He discharged the duties of that office to the entire satisfaction of all. In 1894 he was first ap- pointed justice of the peace, and having been re- elected, still holds that important office. In politics he is a stanch Democrat in his views. In addition to his other interests, Mr. Whiteside owns one- quarter interest in a fine farm of 183 acres, and is regarded as one of the substantial men of the town- ship. The stock carried in his store is thoroughly modern, well selected, and offered at very low prices, while the service is excellent. Knowing the needs of his customers, Mr. Whiteside is able to cater to them, and as a result enjoys a very large oatronage. On Aug. 29, 1888, Mr. Whiteside was married to Miss Jennie R. Tavlor, of Little Britain township, a daughter of B. F.' and Ruth (Kirk) Taylor, of Britain township, old settlers of this locality. Her grandfather, Joseph C. Taylor, was a farmer and merchant at Tayloria for many years, and the place was named for this estimable gentleman. Mr. and Mrs. Whiteside have had eight children: Violette Ruth, born April 27, 1889 ; Joseph Taylor, born July 9, 1891 ; William Clymer, Jr., born Dec. 10, 1893 ; Edward Craig, born Feb. 6, 1895 ; Benjamin Frank- lin, born Nov. 14, 1896; Susanna Jane, born July 20, 1899 ; Frances Elizabeth, born March 21, 1901, died Sept. 17, 1901 ; and David Malcolm, born Sept. 6, 1902. Although a young man, Mr. Whiteside has firmly established himself in the confidence of the community, and is regarded as one of the leaders in local affairs. Genial, open-hearted, generous, be- loved in his home and esteemed in the community, his success in life is something of which he may well be proud, although it is but the just reward of his honest efforts. HIRAM L. DETWILER, general farmer and proprietor of a valuable sand pit in West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, was born in York coimty. Pa., Oct. 6, 1834, and is a son of Christian and Elizabeth (Landis) Detwiler, natives of Lan- caster and Chester counties, respectively. In 1837 the parents returned with their children to Lancaster county, settling near Columbia, in West Hemp- field township, where the father followed farming the remainder of his Hfe, dying in 185 1, when seven- ty-three years old. The mother survived him until 1890, passing away at the remarkable age of ninety years, a member of the United Brethren Church. Her remains were interred in the Mountville ceme- tery. To the marriage of Christian and Elizabeth Detwiler were born seven children, namely: Elias, Joseph, Levi, Henry, Jeremiah, Hiram L. and Zach- ariah, all of whom are deceased with the exception of Hiram L., whose name opens this sketch. In the city of Lancaster, Pa., in 1859, Hiram L. Detwiler married Elizabeth Kauffman, and to this union were born twelve children, namely: David K., who died at the age of five years, two months, three days ; Abraham K., married, and em- ployed by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company at Columbia ; Mary K., wife of Tobias Shupp, of East :^^^^V ' '^KHtSS^SS^tk i ^^^^^f y/jflp^HJHi^' ^IPH W F ^^^^'XsJ^ fe V V ^^^^^B^^H^^^H :^^K|ffi'fl| r '"^f^^S^^^BH^^^^^^HR^I^^^^^^^^H s^R ^ "i^^^r' ■ ^^^Br^^^^ fv ■-■"*■■' >J^ . ^ , JJjiMi^2^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 905 Hempfield township; Samuel L., married, who is with the railroad company in Lancaster; Elizabeth K., who died young ; Daniel K., a machinist in Co- lumbia, married ; Isaiah K., at home ; Solomon K., married and at home; Horace K., married and at home; Emma K., who died at the age of fourteen years ; and Harry K. and Wilson K., at home. Mrs. Elizabeth (Kaufifman) Detwiler was born in West Hempfield township May 28, 1840, daugh- ter of Jacob and Mary (Roop) KaufiFman, of the same township, where he was an extensive farmer and tanner, and a very influential citizen, being a director of the Farmers' National Bank of Lan- caster, and a leader in the Mennonite Church. Jacob Kaufifman died in 1865, at the age of eighty-one years, and his widow died at the same age, in 1881 ; their remains are buried in the Silver Spring ceme- tery. To Jacob Kaufifman and his wife were born seventeen children, of whom seven reached, or nearly reached, mature age: Susannah, widow of Thomas Carter; David, now deceased; Leah, of Mountville, unmarried; Mary, wife of John Piffer, a farmer at Millersville ; Elizabeth, Mrs. Detwiler; Samuel, who died in 1900 ; and Catherine, who died when a young woman. The remaining ten died in infancy. Hiram L. Detwiler was only in his seventeenth year when his father died, and from that time has taken care of himself, first working four years on a farm for his brother Joseph, and then working for his brother Henry, until 1859, the year of his mar- riage. He then rented a farm for two years, after which he purchased his present farm of sixty-eight acres, on which he has a valuable sand pit, as has been intimated. He has recently made some changes in the operation of his sand pit, a corporation having been formed, which continued operations under the name of the Detwiler Sand Company. Mr. Detwiler is also interested to a limited extent in sundry gold and silver mines at Breckenridge, Summit Co., Colo., in partnership with his nephews, but it will require some little time as yet to develop them. In politics Mr. Detwiler is a Democrat. MICHAEL F. BOWERS is a citizen of Lan- caster who has risen from comparative obscurity to a high place in the public esteem. He is extensive- ly engaged in general house painting and decorating, and is identified with some of the most ambitious undertakings in that line in his part of the county. Mr. Bowers was born in East Lampeter, this county, April 6, 1857, of stanch Teutonic ancestry. His parents, John and Maria M. (Arnold) Bowers, were born in Germany, and emigrated to the United States in 1847. John Bowers settled in Lampeter township, where he engaged in farming for some years, afterward working in the cotton mills of Lan- caster. For ten years he was employed by the city, and in 1895, he retired from active life, taking up his residence with his son, Michael F., in 1900. He was born in 1820, and is therefore eighty-two years of age, yet he possesses imimpaired many of his best faculties. He is a Catholic in religious belief, and a member of St. Peter's Society. Mrs. Bowers died in 1874, at'the age of forty-nine, and is buried in the cemetery of Zion Lutheran Church, of which she was a member. Mr. and Mrs. Bowers were the par- ents of the following children : John C, deceased ; Margaret, deceased; Frederick, an ice merchant of Lancaster; Conrad A., engineer of the Lancaster city water works ; Michael F. ; Elizabeth, deceased ; Ernest C, a cigar manufacturer of East Petersburg, Pa. ; Jacob A. ; William, deceased ; and Albert, de- ceased. Michael F. Bowers was reared on the paternal farm, attending the district schools of his neighbor- hood. When eighteen years of age he left the home place and lived for a year in Lancaster, where he found employment in a furniture factory and learned the trade of painter. This peaceful occupation was interrupted by his enlistment in the regular United States army for five years, during which service he was stationed on Davids Island, New York harbor, for two years, was assigned later to Co. D, 20th In- fantry, Col. E. S. Otis commanding, at Fort Brown, Texas, where he remained for a year, and was then at Fort Dodge, Kans., for six months. At Fort Reno, Indian Territory, Mr. Bowers was discharged in October, 1883. He rose to the rank of first sergeant, an office maintained during the last two years of his service. This military experience was augmented by his service from 1884 to 1887 as captain of Co. C, 8th regiment, P. N. G., from which he resigned to engage in painting for the railroad. He also com- manded Lancaster Commandery No. Tj, M. B. K. G. E., during the years intervening between 1892 and 1900. After his five years of service with the United .States army Mr. Bowers returned to Lancaster and resumed his association with the furniture company for a couple of years, and for the following seven years was employed as painter by the Pennsylvania Railway Company. In 1891 he started in business for himself as a painter and decorator, and the wis- dom of this departure has been repeatedly demon- strated in the meantime, for he has a large patronage, and thoroughly understands the highest tenets of his interesting and constantly improving occupation. Mr. Bowers married Cecelia M. Dinkleberg, a native of Lancaster, born in August, 1861, daughter of Philip Dinkleberg. Mr. Dinkleberg was born in Germany, as was also his wife, and both came to America when children. He was a prominent con- tractor in Lancaster, and erected some of the most pretentious buildings there, including the Farmers' National Bank, the Fulton National Bank, Zion Lutheran Church, Trinity chapel, and the steeple of the Presbyterian Church, besides other structures of equal importance in the growth of the city. To Mr. and Mrs. Bowers have been born three children : Albert G. and Florence C, both attending high school ; and Maria M., in the grammar school. Mr. Bowers is associated with the F. & A. M., Lodge 906 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER- COUNTY No. 43 ; the Knights of Pythias, Lodge No. 68 ; and the K. of G. E., Castle No. 292. In October, 1899, he became a member of the Master House Painters and Decorators Association of Pennsylvania, and is a member of the executive board; In September, 1902, he organized the prominent master painters of his city into a local association, of which he was elected first secretary. He is a member of Trinity Lutheran Church, and politically is an independent Republican. JOHN H. GAMBER was, like many other old residents of Manor township, Lancaster county, born at the homestead which has been the residence of his family for many generations, and in which both his grandfather and his father first saw the light of day. He is a son of John L. and Faniiie D. (Herr) Gamber, and a grandson of Rudolph and Mary (Landis) Gamber. The family are Mennonites in religious faith, and in politics both John H. Gamber and his father have been stanch Republicans. John L. Garriber was a farmer, as is also his son, John H. His wife, who is. a daughter of David S. and Elizabeth (Dentlinger) Herr, survives him, making her home with her son, John. Four children were born to them, of whom John H. is the third ; of the others, Alice is the wife of Benjamin Stauffer, of Manor township ; Fannie married John S. Heller, a farmer of East Hempfield township ; David H. died in boyhood. John H. Garnber was born Sept. 5, 1866, received a good common-school education, and upon the death of his father succeeded to the management of the home farm. In 1893, in company with John D. Herr, he began buying and packing tobacco, having the same packed near Mountvdlle, and the business has steadily grown' and prospered. In 1899 the partner- ship was dissolved, Mr. Gamber now carrying on the business On his own account. .During ■ three years, also, he and Mr. Herr; w^remterested in' Operating a . mill and girain warehouse near Mbuntvill6. Mr. Camber's present tobacco warehouse covers a site of 8b by 36 feet, arid is three and a half stories in height. ' He also has -other interests there, b.eirig a stockholder and director m the Mountville National Bank, as well as 3 stockholder in several of the Lan- caster batiks. .His farth eriibfaces nearly riinety acres, and is one of thebest managed in the .county. Mr. GJimber'Tias been .largely the architect of his oWn fortune/''^ He is. a young man of broad, prp- gressive ideas', -'ke^ti- iirtelligfence, quick,' perception and tireless eriei'gy, aind- for siich'frieh -there is no such word. as;' fail; ',' '"'.'. EMANUEL SHELLY, a ..g^enetal f^atmer of -Rapho' township, was "Born in the" iaifie township, Aug. I, -1844, .son of Samuel and' Mariaft ; (Ager) 'Shelly; 'of Rapho 't'bwriship./ ""'l,'' ''Saniuel Shelly, thfe •father, die.^ini^9Q, at the ag^ of. sixty-Keveri'"f€ars,,-and is buried dri' histoid farm.; , his widow stilf resides iri^ the ibwrifehip, where she was born in 1819. Mrs. Shelly is a member of the Brethren in Christ Church, of which denomination Mr. Shelly was also a member during his lifetime. Thefe were born to them the following children: Isaac, a retired farmer living in Rapho township; Samuel A., a farmer of Rapho township; Aaron; Anna : Mariah ; and Emanuel. In October, 1866, at Mt. Joy, Emanuel Shelly was married to Miss Anna Shearer. There have been born to this couple the following children: Samuel S., of Rapho township; Anna. S., wife of Aaron Peters,. a farmer of Rapho township; Nathan S., at home ; Amos S^ ; Emma S. ; Mariah S. ; Eman- uel S., deceased ; Ephraim S. ; Harvey S. ; Lizzie S. ; Minnie S. : and Emma S., deceased. Mrs. Anna (Shearer) Shelly was born Aug. 7, 1849, in ^^*^- J*^y township, daughter of Samuel and Elizabeth (Witmer) Shearer, of Mt. Joy township. Her mother died in 1857, at the age of thirty-nine years, while her father still resides on the family farm retired from the active duties of life. There were born to Mr. and Mrs. Shearer the following children : Barbara, deceased wife of Henry Cinder ; John W., a farmer of Mt. Joy township; Anna 'W., wife of Emanuel Shelly; Michael W., a Donegal township farmer; and Lizzie W., wife of Amos Heisey, of Mt. Joy township. Samuel Shearer mar- ried Miss Anna Herr for his second wife, and this union resulted in the following named children: Samuel H., a farmer of Mt. Joy; Amos H., a Mt. Joy farmer; Katie H., wife of George Hossler, a farmer at Bellaire, Pa. Mrs. Shelly's paternal grandfather's name was John Shearer, of Lancas- ter county. Emanuel" Shelly remained at home with his par- ents, gaining, in the meanwhile, an education in the common schools, until the time of his marriage, when he moved to his present home. He and his family are members of the Brethren in Christ Church, and are proininerit in the social circles of the vicinity. Mr. Shelly has been frugal and careful in his habits and business transactions, and as a result has ac- quired a fine competency. Respected by all who know him, life Tias many pleasant phaseis for his contemplation. THOMAS EVANS STOLE was born in Upper Leacock township, July 6, i84i8, and died Feb.- 5, 1898. Hi& remains rest in the cemetery connected with the Leacock Church. He was a sbri of John and Elizabeth. (Evans) Sigle, of Lancaster county. John Sigle was ah undertaker in Upper Leacock township, and is now living "in Bird-in-Hand, Pa., where he leads, a retired life. He- was born in November, 1822, and his second wife is still living. Mr. Sigle is the father of the following "children-: Thomas E. and George, both of whom are deceased; Robert C, a plumber and tinsmith iii Camden, N; J.- John, deceased; Miss Celesta, who niakes her honie with her" parents ; Agnes, who married John Bohn, of Philadelphii'-; Anna, 'who married George Ham- BIOGRAPHICAL AN'NXLS- OF LANCASTER- GOtjNTY 907 bright, a ticket agent in the employ of the Pennsyl- vania Railroad at Lancaster; and Elizabeth, who died young. Thomas E. Sigle was married Nov. 23, 1871) in New Holland, Pa., to Barbara Ranck. To this union were born: Mary E., who married Elmer Groff, a carpenter of Upper Leacock township, and is the mother of three children; Miss Anna R. ; Celesta ; Robert ; and John R., at home. Mrs. Bar- bara (Ranck) Sigle was born in Leacock township, Dec. 28, 1843, ^"d is a sister of Adam M. Ranck, whose sketch appears elsewhere. Mr. Sigle came to the farm occupied by his fam- ily in February, 1877, moving from a farm in Para- dise township. Until his marriage his home was with his parents. After his marriage he worked in a mill near Willawstreet two years, and was at work on a farm in Paradise township two years. At the expiration of that period he settled on the farm where his family is found today, and where his life was spent. Mr. Sigle belonged to the Presbyterian Church. In his politics he was a Democrat. For some three years before his death he bought tobacco in connection with his farming, and was a popular and successful tradesman. WALTER SCOTT _ BRENHOLTZ, M. D. Among the well-known citizens of Lancaster is Dr. Walter Scott Brenholtz, a physician and surgeon who, for the past five years, has been established in his comfortable ofhces at No. 36 East Walnut street, that city. Dr. Brenholtz requires no ancestral stock to sup- port his claims to eminence, nevertheless he has it. His great-great-grandfathfer, Frederick Brenholtz, although born in Germany, was an American patriot in the war of the Revolution, giving up his life for his adopted country at the battle of Brandywine. Great-grandfather John Brenholtz was born in Chester county, where the family had. been located, and Henry Brenholtz, the Doctor's grandfather, was a resident, of and died in Hughesville, Lycoming county." Isaac "John Brenholtz, son of Henry, and father of 'Dr. Brenholtz, Was a native of Hughes- ville; Pa., where for many years he has been a hard- ware meriehaht. He married Miss Fanny Springer, daitgfhler- of CHtistian Springer, of Muncy ' Vkliey, irt'Lybbming county, a;hd two children were born to this union: Miss Anna, at home; and Dr. Walter S., of Lancaster. •' •' - • . Walter Scott Brenholtz was born in Hughes- ville Nov.- 20, 1867, and acquired- his pfepafatory education iii the public schools of his district,' going then to-Gettysburg Cojlege, and later to the;Umver- sity of -Pennsylvania, from, which great . institution he graduated-lii-i892. Dr. Brenholtz began' the pi-ac- tice of his ptof ession in Columbia, where he remained ■five' years ; "and' theii took"- a ' post-gi-aduate .'course iri the Ear,; Nose anti;TItroat;'at tne Polyclinic Hos- pital, 'in Philaddphia.'"' .;.■..-;. Dr. Brenholtz located in Lancaster Feb. i, 1898. He is a member of the Lancaster City and Cotinty Medical Societies, of the College of Physicians and Surgeons, of Columbia, the ^Lancaster City Patho- logical Society, and also of the State and American, or National, Medical Societies.. In 1893 he was a delegate to the State Medical Society, and in 1897 to the National Medical . Society. Dr. Brenholtz enjoys also the distinction of being a member of the medical staff of the General Hospital in Lancaster. Dr. Brenholtz was married in 1893, to Miss Mary Alta Metzger, a daughter of Dr. G. W. Metzger, of Hughesville, brother of the late distinguished Judge Metzger, of Lycoming county. Three chil- dren have been born to Dr. and Mrs. Brenholtz, Fanny Rebecca, Anna and Mary Metzger, all bright and unusually attractive little ones. Religiously Dr. Brenholtz is a member of St. John's Lutheran Church, where he is a deacon, and where he is the teacher of the Young Men's Bible class. Socially and professionally he enjoys the es- teem and confidence of his fellow-citizens. SAMUEL CAMPBELL. It is but natural that Samuel Cam.pbell should choose an active vocation, for he comes of an ancestry who were prominent men and women, and whose lives were filled with public and business achievements. Mr. Campbell is en- gaged in the livery and feed stable business, operates a mail route, and has engaged extensively in de- tective work. He is a native of Columbia, where he was born Aug. 25, 185 1, son of George K. and Julia (Lloyd) Campbell. James Campbell, his paternal great-grandfather, was a native of the south of Ireland, ernigrated to America, and located in Lancaster county. He mar- ried Emma Boggs, of Columbia, and both are buried at Lancaster. William Campbell, the grandtather ' of Samuel, was born in 1809. He married Sarah Krumloff, of Norfistowh, Pa., and in 1836 settled at Columbia, where he followed the business of, a merchant tailor until his death, in 1840, at the age of thirty-one years. His wife died in 1848. Their children were : George K. ; John, who died young; Mary, who married Sam- uel Bennett, a railroad engineer, and died in Phila- delphia, in 1878 ; Cyrus, who died yoting ; Reuben, who died young; Emma, wife of Henry Fishef, re- tired, of Lancaster; and David, a farmer of Lan- caster. George K. Campbell, father of Samuel, was born in Norristown^ Pa., Sept. 15,- 1828. When eight years of age he came to Columbia with' his parents, and remained a resident of that borough until his death. When a youth he acquired a knowledge, of the tanner's and currier's trade, and "was a'litfle latet connected with shipbuilding. But the activity' of railroad work attracted him. He ;was yard enginfer of ..the Pennsylvania' Railroad Companv for forty- '.seven years, and spent the. last year of .his life in deserved i-etifernent"from'active duties. " Tn' rfeligious faith he was a member of the United Brethren 908 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Church, and in politics a Republican. In November, 1850, Mr. Campbell married Julia Anna Lloyd, who was born at Penn's Grove, near Philadelphia, March 20, 1833, daughter of Capt. John B. and Julia (Ben- nett) Lloyd. Capt. John B. Lloyd was a sea captain, the son of John and Charlotte (Church) Lloyd, Quakers, of Churchtown, Pa., where they remained through life. Julia Bennett, wife of Capt. John B. Lloyd, was the daughter of John and Rachel (Kel- ler) Bennett, natives of England and Ireland, respect- ively, v/ho were married in Berks county. Pa. They had emigrated to America at the ages of eighteen and fifteen years, respectively, and John Bennett served in the Revolutionary army under LaFayette. John B. and Julia (Bennett) Lloyd were married in Columbia in 1824, and three months later returned Lo Philadelphia, the wife's former home. He died in 1877, aged seventy-five years, and she passed away in February, 1857, aged fifty-one years. The chil- dren of Capt. John B. and Julia (Bennett) Lloyd were as follows : Elizabeth, wife of David Bird, of Philadelphia; Isaac; Nathan; John; Julia A., Mrs. Campbell ; Thomas : James ; Charlotte ; Rachel ; Jacob G. ; Mary C. ; Charles ; and Jane A. All are deceased except Elizabeth, Julia A-, James and Jane A. James, who served in the army, is now a carpen- ter at Philadelphia. Charles was a bugler during the Civil war, and was among the missing. To George K. and Julia Anna (Lloyd) Campbell were born nine children, namely : Samuel, whose sketch appears below ; Melvina, wife of Joseph Cooper, a railroad engineer of Columbia, Pa. ; Lloyd ■ James, who died at the age of ten years ; Sarah A., who married Dr. Samuel Roberts, a veteran of the Civil war, and who died in 1895 ; Elizabeth, wife of Tyson Simpson, a railroad conductor of Columbia; Minnie, who married Thomas Bennett, a seaman of Tampa, Fla. ; Emma and Maggie, twins, the latter the wife of John F. McGee, a furniture merchant of ' Columbia, the former the wife of Stephen Baker, a railroad engineer of Columbia ; and Ida M., who died young. George K. Campbell, the father, died Dec. 12, 1898, aged seventy years ; his widow survives, a resident of Columbia. Samuel Campbell has always made Columbia his home. Of an active temperament, he has traveled greatly as a dealer in horses, wagons, etc., and also in his extensive detective work, which he has fol- lowed for the past twenty years. In 1879 he em- barked in the livery business, which he has contin- ued uninterruptedly ever since. Mr. Campbell married at Columbia, in August, 1870, Caroline Glosser, who was born in Columbia in February, 1852, daughter of Andrew and Sarah Glosser, natives of Germany, who emigrated to America and settled at Columbia. Andrew Glosser was a railroad engineer and was killed while on duty on his engine. To Samuel and Caroline Campbell were born two children : Charles and William. The latter died at the age of one year. Charles married Ada McCann, and to them have been born two •laughters, Caroline and Mabel. Samuel Campbell is a man of much force of char- acter, a good business man, and his integrity is unimpeachable. He has strict regard for his word, and accordingly is very popular and is held in high respect by all who know him, enjoy- ing the complete confidence of his fellow citizens. For the past eighten years he has served as con- stable. Prominent in fraternal and social orders, he is a member of the I. O. O. F., the Home Circle Lodge, the National A. I. Co., of New York, etc. In politics he is a Republican, and in religious prefer- ence has been a constant attendant of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is remarkably well informed, and has a most excellent library. DAVID LINCOLN HARNISH, the pioneer paint manufacturer of Lancaster, and one of the pioneer paint dealers of the city, belongs to one of the old and reputable families of Lancaster county.- The old sandstone house in which his mother was born, in West Lampeter township, was the home of many generations of his maternal progenitors, and is one of the old and historic buildings of the county, hav- ing been frequently selected for illustrations in his- torical publications. Michael Plarnish, grandfather of David L., was a farmer in Conestoga township. His son, D. W. Harnish, father of David L., is a retired farmer, and is still living, having a cosy and attractive home at No. 131 East Walnut street, Lancaster. D. W. Har- nish married Miss Barbara K. Mylin, a daughter of one of the best known farmers of West Lampeter township, and they had six children, four of whom are living: David Lincoln; Michael, a farmer on the old home farm in West Lampeter township; Harry, a traveling salesman for a wholesale shoe house; and Martin, a lawyer, who has associated himself with William R. Harnish. David L. Harnish was born on the old homestead in West Lampeter in August, 1861, and, receiving his education in the home district, left school at the age of eighteen years, and worked on his father's farm until he was twenty-one. At that time he made a change in his life, becoming a clerk in the store of Marshall & Rengiers, of Lancaster, and later went to Newark, Del., where he had a good position as clerk in a store. In June, 1885, Mr. Harnish struck out for him- self, setting up a paint store in Lancaster, at Nos. 5 and 7 South Queen street. His beginning was mod- est, and made with misgivings, but there was some- thing attractive in his way of doing business, and his trade quickly outgrew the limited quarters in which he had begun. In 1896 he moved to Centre Square and South Queen street. Meanwhile he had established an extensive paint factory on Charlotte street. The business still continued to prosper and increase, and in October, 1900, Mr. Harnish made a BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 909 second move, this time to No. 235 North Prince street, which property he purchased, there building a factory and store-room. The dimensions of this building, which is of brick, are 40x145 feet, and it is three stories high. The leading paint which he puts on the market is the "Lancaster Ready-Mixed Paint," which is sold extensively throughout Penn- sylvania and the neighboring States. The house car- ries paints, oils, varnishes, glass, brushes, cement, etc., and so popular are their brushes that they have been shipped as far as New Mexico. The concern is one of the largest and most important of the kind in the State, and Mr. Harnish has the very highest standing in the commercial world. Mr. Harnish married Miss Elizabeth Brown, daughter of Elias Brown, a retired merchant of Stevens, Lancaster county, who is now living in one of the two handsome houses which he has erected on the Philadelphia turnpike, opposite the Lancaster County Hospital, Mr. Harnish living in the other. To the union of Mr. and Mrs. Harnish three children have been born: Raymond B., David Paul and Anna B. Mr. Harnish has behind him a long line of Men- nonite ancestors in both maternal and paternal lines, and his relatives, with those of his wife, constitute a very large and influential circle. Mr. Harnish is a Republican politically, but his business and church command all his attention. JACOB BETZ, a prosperous farmer and quarry owner of the city of Lancaster, was born in Manheim township, Lancaster Co., Pa., Oct. 5, 1856, son of Jacob and Catherine (Meisel) Betz. Jacob Betz, Sr., the father, now deceased, was a prominent business man of Lancaster, and passed away May 14, iqoo. He was born Dec. 4, 1822, in Rheinbaiern, Germany, son of Jacob and Magdelina (Huhn) Betz, natives of Dressen, Germany. The, grandfather, also named Jacob, died in his native land, and the grandmother came to America about T846. Jacob Betz, Sr., emigrated to America in 1842, settling in Manheim township, and later re- moving into the city of Lancaster. At first he was engaged in the dairy business and farming, but soon became interested in quarrying stone and sand for building and furnace purposes, having delivered stone for many years for Mr. Geiger, at the Lancas- ter furnace, and later for Peacock & Thomas. In 1859 he moved to Lancaster, and he had sand pits on Rockland and Ann streets, which are worked now by his son. He also had a pit in East Lampeter township. For many years he supplied the car shops at Altoona with all the core sand used. In addition to quarrying stone, Mr. Betz also took contracts for hauling it, and during his active business career, was a prominent factor in the commercial life of the city, by his enterprise and industry building up a fine husiness. In 1881 he moved to Lancaster township, where he remained up to the time of his death, on his farm of thirty acres near City Mill. In 1889 Mr. Betz retired from business in favor of his son Jacob. Besides his large quarry business Mr. Betz, at the time of his death, was the owner of some forty new houses and a large tract of unim- proved land in the Sev'enth ward, Lancaster; one tract of unimproved land in East Lampeter township ; the farm in Lancaster township where he died, and had large amounts invested in bonds, stocks and mortgages. After his retirement Mr. Betz devoted the greater portion of his attention toward the build- ing of houses for investments. During a long and useful life he was a consistent member of Zion Lutheran Church. In political matters he was a Democrat, but never desired nor sought office. On April 19, 1851, Mr. Betz was married in Lan- caster, Pa., to Catherine Meisel, and the following children were born to this union : Peter died at the age of three years ; Mary died at the age of eighteen months; Jacob is mentioned below; Catherine mar- ried Charles Beidel, of Lancaster; Elizabeth mar- ried Mark Keeport, a jeweler of Reading. Mrs. Betz was born at Geltheim, CJermany, Aug. 9, 1825, daughter of Nicholas and Barbara (Meiselin) Mei- sel, of Germany. Nicholas Meisel was a farmer in his native land, where -he died in 1830, at the age of thirty years, while his wife died in 1835, at the age of thirty-two. They had two children : Christina, who died at the age of thirty-five years, married Fred Nevis, and he died in New Jersey. Catherine came to America in 1847, making the trip one year'after her sister, and taking forty-five days in the journey ; she settled in Lancaster. Mrs. Betz is very well preserved, and is cheered by her children's love and devotion after her life of hard work. Jacob Betz, Jr., was reared upon the farm, re- ceiving an education in the English and German branches at Zion Lutheran Church School. In 1871, he left school (at the age of fourteen years) and commenced to work with his father, whom he as- sisted on the farm and in the sand and stone business until 1889, when the father, retiring, left all the busi- ness to him. He has continued to deliver and ship core sand to many foundries, also building sand and stone, and he is the executor of his father's estate, which he oversees and manages for the heirs. .Mr. Betz owns a large number of building lots in Lan- caster, on which he has built some twenty new houses, and also has four acres within the city limits. In March, 1889, Mr. Betz was married, in Lan- caster, to Elmira Throne, and the following children have come to their marriage: Jacob, born in December, 1898; Clarence, born in March, 1891 ; Catherine, born in December, 1892 ; Luther, born in November, 1894; and Paul, who died in March, 1897. Mrs. Betz was born in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1856, daughter of Henry and Charlotte (Smith) Throne, the former of whom was a blacksmith of Pennsylvania. In politics Mr. Betz is independent, preferring to vote for the man whom he deems best fitted for the office in question. He and his family are members of the Zion Lutheran Church. Through 910 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY industry and thrift Mr. Betz has gained a comfort- able fortune, and his property is steadily increasing in value on account of its location. Mr. Betz com- mands the confidence and respect of the entire com- munity, and the sviccess which has attended his ef- forts is well merited. ALBERT A. MANNING, the well-known post- rnaster and merchant pf Highville, Lancaster county, was born;at that place July 29, 1856, and is a repre- sentative of one of the old and highly respected fam- ilies of the county. , . When a lad of possibly fifteen years his- great- grandfather, John Manning, a native of England, was sent to sea for the purpose of learning the art of sailing by his father, a man of some prominence and distinction in England. The boy was apprenticed to the captain of a sailing vessel, who proved to be a rascal, for upon reaching the port of Philadelphia he deliberately sold the boy to a farmer until he should attain his majority. He thus beca,me the founder of the Manning family in Lancaster county, Pa., as it was here he was brought and served out his time to his master. After securing his freedom he decided to remain here, and purchased 160 acres of land from William Penn, in Manor township, on the road between Highville and Creswell, which land he cleared, making his home there until his death. Throughout his active business life he en- gaged in farming, but after arriving at old age he divided his property, giving each of his sons twenty acres. He was almost eighty years of age at the time of his death. He was twice married, and had children bv both unions, his family including Joseph, Thomas, Jacob, William and Samuel. Joseph Manning, a son by the second marriage, and the grandfather of Albert A., was born and reared on the old . homestead in Manor township, and to the twenty acres of land given him by his father he added by purchase another twenty acres, making a good farm of forty acres, where he spent his entire life, dying at the age of sixty-four years. He married Verona Kendig, and they had eight , children : Mary, deceased wife of Joseph Butt ; Elizabeth, deceased wife of George Fry; Christian and John, wlio both died in Indiana ; Fannie, de- ceased wife of Samuel Fry ; Nancy, deceased wife of Henry Brenneman ; Susannah, who died in child- hood ; and Martin K,,. father of Albert A. . Martin K. Manning, the only one of the family now living, was born April I3y 1822, and grew to manhood on the home farm. During the , greater part of his life he has followed fence building and post making, ,and owns a small tract of seven acres pf land in iVfanor township, where he.lives. In poli- tics he is a RepubKcan. In 1844 he was married to Catharine Ament, a daughter of George Ament, and of the eight children born tp this worthy couple Sarah is now the wife of Cyrus Guntner, of Manor township; Henry and Isaiah both died in infancy; Elias died at the age of nineteen years ; Delilah died in infancy ; Fannie died in childhood ; Catharine died in infancy ; and Albert A. completes the family. Albert A. Manning is indebted to the public schools of Manor township for his educational ad- vantages. He remained on the home farm until he_ attained his majority, when he was married, April II, 1878, to Miss Amanda- Nicholas, a native of Washington borqugh, and a da.ughter of Leonard and Mary (Otstatt) Nicholas. By this union were born six children; . Harry N. ; Ira, who died in child- hood; I'itus N. and Bertha, both at home; and Abram and Eleanora, twins, the former at home» the latter deceased. . At the age of eighteen years Mr. Manning com- menced learning the carpenter's trade, which he fol- lowed for seven years, making his home in High- ville. He next engaged, in threshing for eleven years, and in 1894 succeeded John Ament in the mer- cantile business at Highville, where he has since successfully carried on operations along that line. After locating here he was made assistant post- master, and on the death of his father-in-law, Leon- ard Nicholas, who was serving as postmaster, Mr. Manning was made acting postmaster, serving as such until McKinley was made President, when he was regularlv appointed to the office, in 1897. In connection with his mercantile establishment he handles feed, flour, etc., and receives a liberal share of the public patronage. As a business man he is upright, honorable and energetic, and well merits the success that has attended his efforts. In politi- cal sentiment he is a Republican. Harry N. Manning, eldest son of Albert A., as- sisted his father in the mercantile business from the age of thirteen years until he was twenty-three. He was always a bright boy and was well liked by the patrons. At the age of twenty-three he accepted a position as salesman with the Steinman Hardware Company, in Lancaster city, where he is engaged at the present time. On Dec. 3, 1902, he married Christina Lefever, of Highville, and they will re- side in Lancaster city.. . ELMER M. BRENEMAN, a well-known resi- dent of Manheim township, has his home on the family estate, just north of the city of Lancaster, and bears an old and honored name. He was born June 29, 1869, son of Adam B. and Mary M. (Myers) Breneman. His father was a son of Adam Breneman, of. Turkey Hill, Manor township, was born and reared in Manor township, and became a farnrier, locating after his marriage on the farm where the family still reside. His entire at- tention was given to farming. He was a man hon- ored and respected, by his fellow townsmen, and was called to serve on- the school. board. He married a daughter of Martin M. Myers, of Manheim town- ship, and they became the parents of two children, Elmer M. and Minerva, the latter deceased in child- hood. Adam B. Breneman united with the Men- nonite Church in 1878, and was a minister in that BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 911 Church for thirteen years prior to his death, hav- ing charge of the Landis Valley Church. He re- ceived ordination from the hands of Bishop Chris- tian Baumbarger in 1885. A devout and zealous minister, he was ever ready for the demands his high office made upon him, and was especially interested in missionary work. He died. Feb.' 17, 1898, at the age of sixty-three years, and his widow is still living. Elmer M. Breneman was born and reared, in the home where he still resides. He attended the public schools until sixteen years of age, after which he entered H. C. Weidler's Business College, for one year. From that time he remained at home until his father died, when he took charge of the family estate. J-Te has already made himself known as one of the spirited and enterprising young men of his township. Mr. Breneman was married, in 1892, to Miss Lizzie K. Rupp, who was born April 3, 1868, a daughter of David and Sarah (Kurtz) Rupp, of West Earl township, and to this union has come one child, Adam Roy, born June 21, 1898. . HENRY F. BINKLEY, who ranks high as one of the energetic and thorough-going agriculturists of Manor township, Lancaster county, was born on the old homestead where he now resides, June 7, 1845; The first of the Binkley family in Lancaster coun- ty of whom we have any record was his great-grand- father,, Henry Binkley, in 1765, whose parents were probably from Germany and the founders of the family in this country. They were buried in the city of Lancaster. David Binlcley, son of Henry, was left an orphan there when quite small, and in early life learned the millwright's trade, becoming one of the best known representatives of that calling in the county, where he erected a large number of inills. In 1799 "he pur- chased the farm now known ias the old Binkley home- stead, which consists of seventy-one acres of land "ahd~is pleasantly situated on the Little Conestoga, midway between Millersville and Safe Harbor. Here he made his home with his family throughout the re- mainder of his life, and carried on farniing in con- nection with work at his trade. After his retirement from "active life the millwright's business was con- ducted' iinder his supervision by his son Christian, and his son-in-law, John Herr. He was a leader in the Reformed Mennonite Church, was widely and favorably known, and was called upon to administer many estates.. He died Nov. 5; r8-4S, at the age of seventy-six years, nine months, and twenty days, and his wife; who bore the maiden name of Mary Yordy, died Sept. 6,' 1846, afthe age of seventy-seven years, nine months and twenty days. : She was-- a sister of •Peter Yordy, a lame man, who owned a farm in the center of what is now -known as Lampeter Square, the name of which was derived from Lame Peter, by which epithet he was known. David and Mary (Yordy) Binkley had five children, namely: (i) David married and had two children, but he and his family died young. (2) Zephaniah is mentioned be- low. (3) Christian, a millwright and farmer, reared a family near Columbia^ in Manor township, and died Dec. 24, 1872. (4) Mary wedded John Herr, and died March 20, 1890, at the age of eighty-nine years; (5) Elizabeth married Jonathan Binkley, and moved to Montgomery county, Ohio. Zephaniah Binkley, father of Henry F., was born on the old homestead, Dec. 2, 1806, and died March 20, 1880, his- remains being interred in the family burying ground on that farm. He adopted agricul- ture as a life work, and never left the farm wliere he was born. He married Catharine Frey, a daughter of Peter Frey. She was born Sept. 21, 1808, on a farm embraced within the Indiantown tract, in Manor township. She died Jan. 5, 1875. In the family of Zephaniah and Catharine (Frey) Binkley were nine children, namely : David F. is now living with his son-in-law, John N. Herr, in Manor township; an infant son died Aug. 20, 1828; Magdalena, born March 30, 1830, died .Feb. 9, 183 1 ; John has been a minister of the United Brethren Church since 1866, and is now a resident of Lebanon county. Pa. ; Chris- tian F. is a resident of "West Lampeter township, Lancaster county; Peter died Sept. 21, 1871, at the age of twenty-nine yea;rs, eleven months and twenty- one days ; Henry F. is mentioned below ; Mary is the wife of Simon Reese. of Lancaster; and Catharine is the wife of Isaac Keeport of Manor township. Henry F. Binkley, whose name introduces this review, received a good common-school education, and in the spring of 1873 began farming on his own account, in Providence township, and after the death of his father, returned to the old homestead which he still occupies. He is an enterprising and up-to- date farmer, and has met with well-deserved success in his labors. By his ballot he supports the men and measures of the Republican party. On Oct. 29, 1872, Mr. Binkley was united in mar- riage with Miss Catherine M. Kreider, who was born in "West Lampeter township, April 11, 1846, a daugh- ter of John and Leah (Mayer) Kreider. They have a family of three children ; Emma K., born April 4, 1874, now. the wife of Thaddeus R. Wiker ;. Jacob' K., born Jan. 4, 1876, at horhe; and Annie K., born Jan. 14; 1879, also at home. CHARI.ES A. LOCHER. The death of Charles A. Locher, March' 31, 1892,' removed from ac- customed haunts in Lancaster an honored and prom- inent citizen, and one who embodied in. his character and attainments the nobility of,, purpose, . untiring zeal, and inherent thrift characteristic of , the .well born and. well reared German, He was JDorn about 1 834" in Bavaria, Germany, in whieb country his father, Jacob, Locher, was a well-known mer^ chant, and a devout member of the Reformed Church. In his native land Charles A. Locher learned something of chemistry, and after his removal to the 912 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY United States and Lancaster in 1855, secured, through the influence of the druggist, James Smith, a clerical position in the Lancaster County National Bank. At the expiration of ten years, and after the death of Mr. Smith, Mr. Locher assumed charge of his drug store at No. 9 East King street, and con- tinued to guide its affairs with the same discretion and business j udgment evinced by its former owner. He possessed more than ordinary intelligence, and a fund of well assimilated knowledge, and a keen in- sight into human nature suggested an unfailing tact in dealing therewith. He was popular with all classes,, and entered heartily and practically into all efforts to improve the general condition of the city, his name being foremost in many projects which else had lost their stanchest support. He was a member of various organizations in the town, and was identi- fied with the Pennsylvania Pharmaceutical Society. Mrs. Locher was formerly Margaret Parks, niece of James Smith, former proprietor of the Locher drug store. Mrs. Locher lives in a delight- ful home in one of the fashionable parts of Lancaster, She holds membership in the Lutheran Church, and her daughter Katlierine in the Episcopal. Mr. Locher also left a sister, Caroline, the wife of Major Gen. Frederick Faber, of Munich, Bavaria. EZRA GROFF, a substantial retired farmer of Upper Leacock township, still resides in the locality of his birth, which took place on Dec. 26, 1849, and he was a son of Samuel G. and Lydia (Hershey) Groff, the former of West Earl township and the lat- ter of Upper Leacock township. The father was a merchant and postmaster at Mascot, Pa., operating a store there for twenty-seven years. From 1873 until his death, in 1891, he lived retired from activity, dying in the latter year at the age of eighty-four years, after a, useful life. The death of the mother had occurred years before, in 1866, at the age of fifty-seven years. Their last resting place is on the old Hershey homestead. Mr. Groff was one of the wealthy men of the community, owning three large farms, which are now in the possession of his three sons, — Ezra, Rev. Hershey, and Milton. For many years Mr. Groff faithfully served his school district as director, taking a great interest in educational matters in his locality. The children born to Samuel G. Groff and wife were: Anna, who married Benjamin Wenger of West Earl township ; Mary, who died young ; Lydia, who married Jacob Greider, a farmer of Upper Lea- cock township ; Martha, who married John Rank, a farmer of Paradise township; Milton, a farmer of LTpper Leacock township ; Elam, who died at the age of nine years; Rev. Hershey, a farmer and also a German Baptist minister, and Ezra, of this sketch. The fine old farm upon which Ezra Groff of this sketch has resided so many years, has been his home since he was four years old ; he retired from active exertion in its cultivation at the marriage of his daughter, when her husband relieved him of duty. This is considered one of the finest and most modern farms in this locality, the improvements being in excellent shape. Mr. Groff has always been a pro- gressive and intelligent farmer and thoroughly be- lieves in good machinery and the most scientific ways of cultivation, his fertile and productive fields for many years showing the results of his methods. Mr. Groff was married on Nov. 28, 1873, in Lan- caster tq Miss Matilda Leman, and the daughter born fc this union was Lizzie L., who married Aaron L. Groff, their one child, Ralph, dying in infancy. Po- litically Mr. Groff belongs to the Republican party, and both he and family are connected with the Men- nonite Church, where they are highly esteemed. JOSEPH DETWILER. Prominent among the substantial and influential farmers of Mt. Joy, now living somewhat retired from active life, is Joseph Detwiler, one of the most esteemed citizens of his part of Lancaster county. Joseph Detwiler was born April i, 1820, in West Hempfield township, son of Joseph and Susan (Garber) Detwiler, the former of Lancaster county, and the latter of York county. From Lancaster Joseph Detwiler, Sr., moved to York county in 1825, settling on a farm near Wrightsville, and there en- gaged in farming. His death occurred April 30, 1870, when he was aged eighty-one; his wife died the previous August, and both were buried in the Wrightsville cemetery. During his long life Mr. Detwiler had been prominent in public affairs, was supervisor, and for the same length of time was the efficient county commissioner, while for a number of years he was the manager of the Wrightsville pike ; at his death this latter office was placed in the hands of his son David. Joseph Detwiler, Sr., was an ex- tensive farmer, owning two farms in York county and one in Lancaster county. His political faith was that of the Democratic party, and in this respect his son Joseph follows his esteemed father's example. The children born to. Joseph and Susan Detwiler were as follows: David, who was a farmer and was the manager of the Wrightsville pike and a di- rector in the Wrightsville Bank, died in Wrights- ville ; Joseph is mentioned below ; Daniel is a retired banker of Columbia, Pa. ; Miss Susan is a resident of York, Pa.; Solomon died in Columbia, where he was the cashier of the First National Bank ; Anna, a resident of York, Pa., is the widow of Abraham Heaston, who was a farmer, miller and well-known distiller (the death of Mr. Heaston took a. prominent man from this neighborhood). In his sixth year Joseph Detwiler, whose name introduces this record, accompanied his parents upon the family's removal to York county, and grew up on the farm which adjoins the town of Wrightsville. In 1849 he moved to a farm in Rapho township, this county, located one mile north of Mt. Joy, where he remained until 1877, when he took up his resi- dence in that pleasant town. Mr. Detwiler is a man of large means, owning three large, well stocked Cf^^ ^-et^i^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 913 farms, two stone quarries, and a lime kiln, which has been operated since 1873, and he also has conducted, in his interest, hay and straw baling and stone crush- ing. He is also financially interested in the Union National Bank, to which he has given the support of his name as one of its directors, since its organiza- tion in i860. On Sept. 24, 1844, Mr. Detwiler married Anna Eberly, of Donegal township, and to this marriage the following named children were born: Elmira, who married C. G. Shirk, a retired farmer of Mt. Joy; Susan, who married Adam B. Bear, a retired farmer of Rohrerstown, this county ; Emma, widow of Calvin C. Budding, a lime manufacturer of Wrightsville ; William B., the capable manager of his father's interests in farming, stone and lime, who also looks after the other real estate owned by Mr. Detwiler; Eva, who is the widow of Hon. H. H. Heiise, of Columbia, Pa., whose sad death in a trolley car wreck, near Chickies Park, on Aug. 9, 1896, caused wide-spread regret ; and Alice, who married H. H. Meyers, a farmer, and manager of the Farm- ers' Creamery Company (he also raises gold fish). Mrs. Anna (Eberly) Detwiler was born in East Donegal township, and died Feb. I2, 1891 ; sh« is buried in Mt. Joy cemetery. Her parents were Henry and Anna (Leib) Eberly, of Mt. Joy town- ship, where the former was a farmer, and for inany years president of the Union National Bank of Mt. Joy. His death occurred in February, 1876, when he was aged eighty-one, and his wife passed away from earth in 1870, at the age of sixty-six. Both were leading members of the Evangelical Church, and they were interred in Eberly cemetery, which was a part of his estate. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Eberly were: Mary, Anna, Simon, Henry, Christian and Benjamin, all deceased but the last named, who is a hardware merchant in Mt. Joy. Aside from filling the office of councilman for six years, Mr. Detwiler has refused public office, but he continues to, be a busy man, for his active brain will not permit him to entirely lay aside business cares. Possessing much vitality and excellent health, he enjoys overlooking the various lines of work which are performed by younger, but no more capable, instruments. Of his family he has great reason to be proud, all of them occupying honorable positions in the business and social world. He has twelve grandchildren, and three great-grandchil- dren, who are the delight of his advancing years. DAVID HERR BARTHOLOMEW, proprietor of the Lancaster Planing Mill Co., and one of the leading business men of Lancaster, has been identi- fied with the industrial interests of that city through his business career, and has been no small factor in the development of many lines of commerce. Mr. Bartholomew was born Jan. 4, 1848, near Strasburg, Pa., son of Mathew and Hester Ann (Herr) Bartholomew, both of Lancaster county. The father was a millwright and followed that trade 58 all. his life, dying at the age of fifty-seven,. in 1863. The mother died in 1851, aged thirty-three. They were laid away in Strasburg cemetery. Their chil- dren were as follows: Amanda (deceased) was the wife of Robert E. Bunce; Mary C. married (first) Jonathan Holt, and (second) William Fichthorn, of Reading; Benjamin F. lives in Lancaster; John died in infancy, and David H. was the youngest. David Herr Bartholomew had the educational ad- vantages afforded by the common schools of Lan- caster, and at the age of seventeen was prepared to enter upon his, apprenticeship to the machinist trade: He was employed in a cotton mill in Lancaster for four years, and' then embarked in the saw mill busi- ness and became a manufacturer of cigai- box lumber, associating himself with his uncle, David ,B. Bar- tholomew ; this partnership continued until the death of the latter, in 1885, when Mr. Bartholomew en- gaged in the same line upon his own account, and still continues it, at present individually; formerly there were three members of the firm known as the Lancaster Planing Mill Co., David H. Bartholomew, John W. Holman and Frank Spicer, Jr. The first location was across the street from the present site, but in 1896 Mr. Bartholomew sold that and pur- chased the valuable property and business which he has so ably managed ever since. The large brick structure now occupied was built by the firm of Wil- son & Bradbury, in 1870, and covers two acres of ground. It is well equipped, and the establishment gives employment to forty men, the output being sash, doors, blinds and general mill work. Mr. Bartholomew is an excellent man of busi- ness, and thorough in his management of the large concern with which he has so long been identified. Under his ownership the business has been much en- larged, and is now one of the leading lines of indus- try m the city. In politics he is a Republican, and fraternally he is connected with the I. O. O. F., K. of P., A. O. IT. W. and Royal Arcanum. For eight years he served with usefulness in the city council, his administration being honest and clean. Mr. Bartholomew is a member of the Presbyterian Church. In 1872, in Lancaster, Mr. Bartholomew mar- ried Miss Elizabeth Eckman, born in Lancaster, daughter of Henry and Anna (Hoak) Eckman, the former of whom was for many years a shoemaker in Lancaster county. His father was a well-known resident of the county; he was for many years af- flicted with blindness, but it is related of him that so thoroughly did he recall localities that he was able not only to harness his horse himself, but to drive without accident to any part of the county he desired. To Mr. and Mrs. Bartholomew have been born the following children : Anna, who died at the age of eight years ; David B., who is a carpenter but now is employed by the Pennsylvania Railway Com- pany, married Alice M. Raub; Miss Mary A., at home ; Henry M., who married Hannah Hunter, and is an architect in Lancaster ; Miss Amy C., Guy C. 914 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and Miss Anna E., at home ; Elizabeth, who died at the age of six years ; Sarah E., at home ; John W., who died at the age of six years, and Edith, who died at the age of four years. JOHN ADLAI CANNON (deceased), of Lan- caster, though cut off in the prime of his Hfe, was for a number of years one of the most respected business men in Lancaster, and the establishment which he founded is now being conducted by his widow, who is the only lady embalmer in Lancaster county. Mr. Cannon was born July 23, 1858, at Wilming- ton, Del., son of James Cannon, a farmer of Dela- ware, and came to Lancaster in 1890, locating on West King street. Engaging in business as an un- dertaker and funeral director, he introduced new methods and features in that line, and as a result of his intelligence and earnest attention to his profes- sion, established a lucrative business. He was a skilled embalmer, a graduate of Clark's College. In 1896 Mr. Cannon bought the grand old dwelling house that had been the home of the late Judge Hayes, at No. 27 South Prince street, and proceeded to remodel it, converting it into two dwelling houses. The porch and entrance which Mr. Cannon built on the portion now occupied by his widow, is one of the handsomest in the city. On Feb. 23, 1897, Mr. Can- non married Miss Amelia Elizabeth Long, further mention of whose family is made below, and two children were born to them : John Paul, now ( 1903) aged five years ; and Mary Amelia, aged three years. Mr. Cannon entered into rest, July 7, 1901, in his forty-fourth year, after a lingering illness, and his widow has bravely taken hold of his business affairs, and endeavors to follow the lines laid down by Mr. Cannon, who always kept abreast with the most ad- vanced methods. The establishment is equipped with the most modern conveniences, telephone, etc. Taken from life in the midst of his usefulness, no citizen of Lancaster was more deeply regretted or more generally missed. Mr. Cannon was trustee of the St. Vmcent de Paul, an association that looks after the poor of the church ; a charter member of the Knights of St. Lawrence, of Wilmington, Del. ; a member of St. John's, St. Michael's, St. Joseph's, and Leo XIII societies of Lancaster ; a member and one of the organizers of Council No. 16, Catholic Benevo- lent Legion, of Delaware ; and in business connection, a member of the State Board of Undertakers, and secretary of the Lancaster County Funeral Directors Association. He was identified with St. Mary's, St. Anthony's and St. Joseph's Catholic Churches, for he contributed to and was in fellowship with all of them, but he was a communicant and active member of St. Mary's, was buried from there, and his remains lie in the beautiful St. Mary's cemetery, near those of the lamented Very Reverend Father Bernard Keenan, who was for more than half a century the beloved priest of St. Mary's. Frederick G. Long, father of Mrs. Cannon, was long a well-known citizen of Lancaster, and entered into rest in May, 1894, in his seventy-fourth year. He married Miss Mary C. Gegg, of Lancaster, who now makes her home with Mrs. Cannon, and they had twelve children, eight of whom survive, as fol- lows : Louis G., who is a grocer, at Lime and Dauphin streets ; Joseph, a tinsmith and plumber, at East Orange and Plum streets ; Mary A., wife of John Yeager, a baker of Newark, N. J. ; Frank A., a grocer, at East Chestnut and Marshall streets; Amelia Elizabeth, widow of John A. Cannon ; Harry A., a salesman in Watt & Shand's New York Store in Lancaster; Albert, a salesman in Wanamaker's, New York City, and Rosa Helen, who makes her home with Mrs. Cannon. No family in the city can boast of members who have led more worthy lives. MICHAEL P. THOMAS, an engineer in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, was born in Columbia, Lancaster county, April 2, 1855, and is a son of Michael and Catherine (Shillott) Thomas, of Bavaria, Germany, who were married in Lancaster, Pa., in June, 1854. Michael Thomas, the father, was born June 28, 1828, in Bavaria, Germany, a carpenter by trade, and, in 1852, came to America and settled in Columbia, where he still lives retired from business. His wife was a sister of Frank Shillott, deceased (a sketch of whose life will be found on another page), and died in 1894, when sixty-five years old, devout in the faith of the Catholic Church. Their children, nine in number, were born in the following order:' Frank, died in infancy; Michael P. and Ulrich, twins, of whom the former is the subject proper of this sketch, and the latter died when five years and six months old; Kate, in St. Francis Convent; William, who died in infancy; Elizabeth, also in St. Francis Con- vent; Charles, a car inspector in Lancaster; Mary, wife of John Haller, of Thurlow, Pa., and Frank (2), a brakeman in Columbia. The paternal grandpar- ents, Michael and Elizabeth Thomas, came to Colum- bia, Pa., in 1855, from Germany. He was a butcher by trade. Michael was their only child. The mater- nal grandparents were Frank and Victoria Shillott. Michael P. Thomas at the age of fourteen years began driving a team, and this was his occupation for three years ; he next followed boating on the river five years, and then for fourteen months was em- ployed as brakeman by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company; he then served as fireman for the same company seven years and six months, when he was promoted to engineer. On Nov. 20, 1884, at York, Pa., Mr. Thomas married Miss Catherine Elsesser, and to this union have been born nine children, as follows : Anasta- sia, Elizabeth, Alfreda, William, Francis, Anthony, Damian, Agatha and Cuthbert Joseph, the three last named being deceased. Mrs. Catherine (Elsesser) Thomas was born in York- county, Nov. 2, 1863, and is a daughter of John and Barbara (Moser) Elsesser, natives of Bavaria, Germany, and York Co., Pa., re- spectively. John Elsesser was born in 1837, and his BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 915 wife in 1835. John came to America in' 1847 and ^°^ eighteen years conducted a hotel in York county, and is now Hving- in retirement. The children born to John and Barbara Elsesser were named as follows, in order of birth : Mary, married to George Selack, plumber in York county ; John, deceased ; Catherine ; Margaret, wife of John Kaufhold, of Columbia; Albert, George, Charles and Harry, all of York. The family are all pious members of the Catholic Church, to which they contribute liberally of their means in aid of its good work. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Thomas were Conrad and Elizabeth Elsesser, the former of whom died in Germany and the latter in York Co., Pa. ; her maternal grandparents, Abraham and Rachel Mo- ser, were natives of Maryland and York Co., Pa., respectively. Both died in York county. Michael P. Thomas is in religion a true Catholic, and in politics a Democrat. He has led a consistent Christian life, and is greatly respected wherever known. WILLIAM H. KENNEDY. When it comes to a question of prominence, substantiality and high es- teem, no citizen of Lancaster county is more justly representative than William H. Kennedy, of Fulton township. A self-made man, schooled in early years to the hard, practical view of life, by the application of those principles of industry and economy which in every age of the world have been rewarded, William H. Kennedy has also won his measure of success. The birth of William H. Kennedy was on Dec. T3, 1858, in the township of his present residence, and he was a son of John and Elizabeth (James) Ken- nedy, both also of Fulton township, where John Ken- nedy was long known as a, farmer and also hotel keeper. John Kennedy came of sturdy Irish ances- try, and in his earlier years was engaged in rafting on the Susquehanna river. In his political convic- tions, he was always identified with the Democratic party, and is remembered as an honorable man and respected citizen. His marriage was to Elizabeth James, and they had a family of nine children, seven of whom grew to maturity : Mary, who is the wife of W. R. Maxwell, a coach-maker of Fulton town- ship ; Hannah, who married William Walker, of Little Britain township ; Virginia, who married R. S. Hamilton, of Little Britain township ; John O., deceased ; William H. ; Margaret, who is the wife of J. C. Gorsuch, of Norfolk, Va., and Ida, who is the wife of J. M. Eckert, of Erie, Pennsylvania. William H. Kennedy had his early rearing on a farm, and until the age of sixteen years, enjoyed the advantages afforded by the public schools. At that age he commenced to learn the cabinet making trade, at Wakefield, Pa., under W. R. Maxwell, but a boy- ish love of adventure and a desire to see something of the world, led him to remain but a short time here. For a considerable period, Mr. Kennedy traveled over the country, working principally in the various railroad shops, gaining many experiences, but finally he returned to Fulton township where on Jan. 4, 1882, he was united in marriage to Miss Laura Hen- sel, of Drumore township, and the four children born to this marriage were : John Russell, who is now in college ; Henry Clay and Bertha M., at home, the other child having died young. Mrs. Kennedy was a daughter of Edwin F. and Mary J. (Moore) Hen- sel, who were natives of Maryland. It was in 1885 that Mr. Kennedy embarked in the patent medicine business, in Harrisburg, Pa., a line of activity for which he seemed to be peculiarly well fitted, for fifteen years prospering in this business. Mr. Kennedy is still the proprietor of a large drug house in Harrisburg, and also of one in Reading, Pa., but he makes his home on his fine farm in Ful- ton township. This estate, both on account of its extent, its cultivation, its location and extensive and elaborate improvements, is One of the most attractive places in southern Lancaster county. His elegant, modern brick mansion, commodious and substantial barns, his sleek cattle and their comfortable housings, all testify to the excellent management of this ideal country home. Mr. Kennedy devotes his time to his interests here, his drug business in Harrisburg being under the efficient management of his brother- in-law, Philip K'. Hensel, the firm name being Ken- nedy & Co., a house which stands high in commercial circles. Mr. Kennedy is a stanch Democrat, and is liberal in his religious views, adopting no special creed, but he displays in a high degree the manliness of an ex- cellent citizen, and is the promoter of progress and development in his section, the encourager of benevo- lent and educational enterprises, and the protector of his home and family. EBERHART J. LAMPARTER, for many years associated with the commercial activity of the flour- ishing city of Lancaster, Pa., was born in Wurtem- berg, Germany, July 6, 1846, a son of Eberhart and Elizabeth (Help) Lamparter, natives of the same lo- cality. Eberhart Lamparter, the father, came to Amer- ica in 1853, and located in Lancaster, where he em- barked in the manufacture of glue, and continued in the same line until his death. From a small begin- ning, he increased his facilities and the capacity of his plant, to meet the demands of his constantly growing trade, until his house ranked among the .foremost of its kind in the county. His death oc- curred in 1869, when he was sixty-one years of age, and his wife survived until 1898, when her death took place at the age of eighty-eight years. This couple, who are buried in Woodward Hill cemetery, were the parents of the following children : George, en- gaged in manufacturing glue at the old factory; Jacob J., retired glue manufacturer, large landowner and real estate dealer of Lancaster; Elizabeth, un- married and living in Washington, D. C. ; Amelia deceased at the age of fifty years ; Pauline, unmarried and living in Lancaster; Judith, Mrs. Bauer, a 916 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY •widow, of Lancaster; Eberhart J.; Henry, de- ceased, and Sabina, deceased, married a Mr. Mertz. Eberhart J. Lamparter of Lancaster, was reared upon a farm, attending the district school^ and when eighteen years of age he was employed in a brewery, and engaged in that line for five years, in Lancaster, with L,awrence Knapp. Upon the death of his fa- ther, Mr. Lamparter took charge of the glue factory, and managed it for his mother, until her demise, when he purchased the property and is now sole proprietor of the business which is operated under the title of The Conestoga Glue Works. The build- ings and grounds cover eleven acres, all located with- in the city limits, and upon a portion of the old home- stead. All modern appliances are used in the conduct of the various processes of the business, and the prod- uct has gained a world wide reputation for its excel- lence. The present flourishing condition of the con- cern is due to the enterprise and excellent manage- ment of Mr. Lamparter. Mr. Lamparter has never married, but is asso- ciated with a number of fraternal organizations, namely : the I. O. O. F., the K. of P., Seven Wise Men, Masonic order, in which he has taken sixteen degrees. His religious connections are with the Trinity Lutheran Church, in which body he takes an active part, and to whose support he is a liberal con- tributor. In politics, Mr. Lamparter is an Independ- ent, preferring to vote as his conscience dictates, rather than according to party lines, although he has devoted more time to his business than to public affairs. Pleasant in manner, a thorough business man, he has firmly established himself in the con- fidence of the general public, and numbers many friends among his fellow townsmen. WILLIAM F. YOHN, a well-known drover of Mountville, Lancaster county, was born in that vil- lage Aug. i:;, 1865, a son of Edward F. and Mary A^ (Baker) 'Yohn. Edward F. Yohn was a son of John and Jane (Aliddleton) Yohn, and was born near Churchtown, Caernarvon township, this county, April 26, 1839. On May 5, 1863, he married Mary A. Baker, and to this union there were born the following children: Elnora, Jan. 23, 1864, married B. F. Musser, of Mountville ; William F. is mentioned in the opening paragraph of this sketch; John A., a farmer of Wayne county, Ohio, married Emma Beam; Harry B., a graduate from Franklin & Marshall College, is now a practicing attorney at the Lancaster County Bar ; and Jennie A., is unmarried and at home. Mrs. Mary A. "(Baker) Yohn was a daughter of Henry Baker, a farmer and blacksmith, and was born in West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, Feb. 8, 1841, and died Oct. 19, 1875. The second mar- riage of Edward F. Yohn occurred June 14, 1881, his bride being Annie B. Johnson, a daughter of Samuel Armstrong, a contractor, and native of Ches- ter county, Pa., who was born in Sadsbury township, that county, Nov. 21, 1839. Edward F. Yohn set- tled in Mountville at an early age, and engaged in the cattle business, which he carried on very extensively and successfully. He was one of the organizers of the Mountville National Bank, and a director from its organization until his death. He was a public- spirited citizen and charitable, and very well and favorably known for his strict integrity and honesty. In politics he was a stanch Democrat. William F. Yohn was trained to the cattle busi- ness from the time he was old enough to handle a gad, until he was taken into the business by his fa- ther as a partner, and since his father's death he has been conducting the business for himself. On April 14, 1897, he married Miss Emma Heise, daughter of B. PYank Heise, residing near Columbia borough. Pa., and to this union have been born two children ; Fanny C, April 25, 1898, and Mary Ellen, Nov. 11, 1900. Mrs. Emma (Heise) Yohn was born on the Heise homestead, where her father still resides. William F. Yohn is, fraternally, an Odd Fellow, and a member of the Jr. O. U. A. M. In politics he is a Democrat. He is a member of one of the oldest and best known families in Lancaster county, and for this reason and because of his own intrinsic merits he stands very high in the esteem of the community in which he was born and reared. JOHN E. SNYDER, an attorney of Lancaster,, has attained a large law practice, to which he gives that close personal attention essential to success. He- is the son of Edwin E. and Margaret C. Snyder, and grandson of Jacob and Margaret (Erisman) Snyder, residents of Lancaster city. The father, a native of Lancaster, was for many years foreman in the cotton mills at Lancaster, and died in 1886, aged fifty- six years. The mother survives and is still a resident of that place. John E. Snyder was reared in his native city, and at the completion of his education entered the office of David G. Eshleman as a law student. In 1887 he- was admitted to the Bar and located at Lancaster, where he has built up a large law practice. For many years he has been a director of the North- ern National Bank of Lancaster. In politics he is a Republican, and for two years, in 1892 and 1893, was city solicitor. He is a member of the F. & A.. M., I. O. O. F., and Mechanics. He was married in 1895 at Lancaster to Miss Minnie L. Esbenshade, daughter of Emanuel Herr Esbenshade, of Leamanj Place, Lancaster county. ADAM B. LONG, one of the foremost and most progressive citizens of Lititz, which city he has done- much to build up and improve, was born at Neflfs- ville, Manheim township, Feb. 2, 1855, son of Isaac and Sarah (Bear) Long. He was educated in the- public schools and at Lititz Academy, and for twelve- years after graduating from the last named institu- tion followed the life of a farmer. Coming to Lititz: he engaged in the coal and lumber business, and in 1 89 1 became a partner in the firm of Bear & Long,, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 917 composed of Albert R. Bear and himself, the concern succeeding Hess & Bear, and the house having been originally founded by William Evans, in the sixties. They carry on an extensive business in lumber for building, as well as in coal and phosphates, and their plant is the largest of its kind outside of Lancaster city. In 1893 he was one of the chief promoters and organizers of the Lititz Water Works, and was made treasurer of the company owning and operating the same, which ofhce he still fills. The following year (1894), with five others, he formed the company which erected the Lititz Electric Light Works, the first plant of this description to be installed in the borough. Not content with being connected with three important enterprises so beneficial to the city of his residence, in 1897 he became prominently iden- tified with the founding of the Keystone Underwear Mill, of Lititz, which has a capacity of turning out two hundred dozen pairs of underwear daily. Of the company owning this establishment Mr. Long is secretary. In the year 1898, with thirteen others, Mr. Loiig applied for a charter and organized the In- dependent Telephone Co., of Lancaster county, Pa., which proved successful from a financial point of .view, as well as from that of general utility. In 1901 the company sold out the plant to the United Tele- phone & Telegraph Co., at a good profit to the stock- holders. In the spring of 1901 Mr. Long was elected a director of the Lititz National Bank. As may be readily believed, a citizen of his pro- gressive ideas and energetic nature has acquired not a little popularity. To a broad public spirit he joins a genial, generous temperament, a keen, alert intel- lect, and an unblemished name. He is, in politics, a life long Republican, and socially, is a member of Lititz Lodge, No. 1050, 1. O. O. F. On Nov. S, 1877, Mr. Long was married to Mary, a daughter of Jacob H. Miller, of Ephrata, Lancas- ter countv. Four children have been born to them : C. Eugene : Florence V., who died in infancy ; Ber- tha; and Mabelle. Both Mr. and Mrs. Long are members of the Moravian Church. SAINIUEL S. CONNELLY, the popular and efficient agent of the Philadelphia & Reading rail- road at White Oak station, belongs to one of the lead- ing families of Penn township, and an old one of Lancaster county. Grandfather Jacob Connelly lived a long and useful life in this "county, following the trade of car- pet weaving, and also owned a small farm. He was a pious and godlv man, a member of the religious body known as the River Brethren. By his marriage to A. Ritter he became the father of fifteen children, many of whom and their descendants are still resi- dents of Lancaster county : Nancy, deceased ; John, deceased: Elizabeth, wife of Benjamin Geib; Jacob, deceased; •Benjamin, a resident of Penn township; Catherine, deceased; Samuel, deceased; Joseph, of Rapho township ; Henry, father of Samuel S. ; Polly, widow of Henrv Eby; Rebecca, wife of Samuel Gruber ; Michael, deceased ; William, deceased ; Fan- nie, wife of Henry Gruber ; and Abraham, deceased. Henry Connelly, father of Samuel S., was born in Penn township- in 1826, became a farmer, and fol- lowed that occupation until 1886, since which period he has been engaged in the coal business in White Oak. He is a valued member of the Baptist Church, and a man who enjoys the respect of the community. He married Susan Stoneroad, and they became the parents of ten children : Benjamin, of Mt. Joy ;*Liz- zie, Susan, John, Henry and Thomas, all deceased; Samuel S. ; Jacob, a cigarmaker of Halfville ; Cath- erine, wife of John McAllister ; and Joseph, a farmer on the old homestead. Samuel S. Connelly was born at Mt. Hope, Dec. 7, 1864, and lived at home with his father until he was twenty-seven years of age, acquiring his educa- tion in the public schools. Very early in his business career he displayed those qualities which gained for him the confidence of the management of the Penn- sylvania & Reading Company, and he was considered the proper man to take charge of White Oak station, an office he has filled with satisfaction to all con- cerned. In 1895 he was appointed postmaster at that place, and now combines the duties of both offices. In addition he finds time to most efficiently manage his father's coal business, and is one of the most capable young business men of this community. Mr. Connelly was married to Miss Susan S. Min- nich, estimable daughter of Abram and Susan Min- nich, and one child has been born to this union, which passed away in infancy. Mr. Connelly is not only devoted to the interests of the great corporation which he represents, but he is public-spirited, and identifies himself with all enterprises which seem to promise to be of benefit to his community. AMOS M. GREIDER, general farmer, and one of the substantial and respected citizens of West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, was born Sept. 3, 1850, on his present homestead, and is the voungest of the twelve children that crowned the marriage of Christian and Susannah (Miller) Greider, natives, respectively, of West Hempfield and Rapho townships. Christian Greider engaged in farming until his seventieth year span was reached and passed, when he withdrew from labor, and for twenty years lived in quiet retirement, dying on his farm in 1889, aged ninety years, in the faith of the Mennonite Church, of which both he and his wife were devout members. His wife had passed away on the same farm in 1864, aged fifty-five, and the remains of both are interred m the Mennonite cemetery at Landisville. The twelve children that blessed the marriage of Chris- tian and Susannah Greider were born in the follow- ing order: John M. died in Ohio; Christian was married, had one child, and died on the old farm; Benjamin, a lumberman and coal merchant at Mt. Joy, fell and died suddenly ; Elizabeth was married to Daniel Mellinger, and died in Virginia; Martha 918 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY died younsr ; Mary died in infancy ; Jacob M. is a re- tired farmer in West Hempfield township ; Susan is the wife of Andrew Garber, whose sketch appears elsewhere ; Anna is the widow of Henry Brenneman, of West Hempfield township ; Mary was first mar- ried to Christian Rohrer, and subsequently to John S. Nissley, a retired farmer at Mt. Joy ; Barbara is the wife of Jacob McAllister, a farmer in Pequea township ; Amos M. is the gentleman whose name opens this sketch. Three of the sons were school teachers. Amos M. Greider lived on the home farm until 1874, and then went to Harrisburg, where he was employed about three years in producing malt. Thence he moved to Landisville, this county, and for a year was in the tobacco trade, was next in the same line at Mt. Joy for two years, and then returned to the farm. On Feb. 18, 1870, in Rapho township, Amos M. Greider married Elizabeth Cassel, and to this union were born the following children: Harry C, who was graduated from the Millersville Normal School, was a school teacher in Manheim borough grammar school, but is now a merchant and resides at Landis- ville ; he married Anna Hershey. B. Frank, general merchant and school teacher at Lancaster Junction, married Minnie Seachrist. Charles A., formerly a school teacher in Rapho township, and now a mer- chant at Mt. Joy, married Emma Nissley. Howard G., and Christian C. are at home. Mrs. Elizabeth (Cassel) Greider was born in Rapho township, Oct. 28, 1850, a daughter of Eman- uel and Maria (Rohrer) Cassel. Emanuel Cassel was a farmer and school director, but the last ten years of his life were passed in retirement, and he died in Penn township in December, 1899, at the age of eighty years ; his wife, born in 1824, is a resident of Landisville, and is, as was her husband, a member of the Mennonite Church. The children of Emanuel and Maria Cassel were nine in number, viz. : Mary, unmarried and living with her mother ; Susan, wife of Aaron Kling, a coal merchant at Mt. Joy ; Eliza- beth, Mrs. Greider ; Emanuel, express agent at Leb- anon ; John, a farmer in Penn township ; Hettie, de- ceased ; Emma, wife of John Eby, a farmer in Rapho township ; Clara, married to Harry Swarr, a farmer of East Hempfield township; and Harry, farming in Penn township. Amos M. Greider is in politics a Republican, and has served his fellow citizens as school director for six years. He is highly esteemed throughout the township and county, and he and his estimable wife are upright members of the Mennonite Church. CHRISTIAN RUDY. The establishment of the Rudy family in Lancaster dates back to the year 1835, when George and Catherine Rudy brought their family across the ocean from Germany. The voyage was made in a sailboat, and lasted one hun- dred days. Among their children was a son, Martin, who at the time was eleven years of age. Being of an industrious disposition, he took up the problem of self-support at an age when the majority of boys are in school, and during all of his active life he was a hard-working man, finding employment in the foundries, also with the city and in other capacities. In the sixties for about three years he was night watchman of Lancaster, calling out the hours. With advancing years his eyesight failed him, and now, in his blindness and age, he is cared for by his chil- dren. His wife Barbara, whom he married after coming to Lancaster, was like himself, a native of Germany. At the time of her death, which occurred in OctolDer, 1897, she was seventy-seven years of age. Both were from youth earnest members of Zion Lutheran Church. In their family were five children, namely : Christian ; Maggie, who married George Hirsh, a tinsmith of Quarryville, Pa,; Mar- tin, who is employed on the Pennsylvania Railroad ; Catherine, Mrs. Calvin Hess, of Lancaster; and Louis, an expert designer, living in Cincinnati, Ohio. The school days of Christian Rudy came to an end when he was tourteein. Prior to this he had led a care-free existence in his native city of Lancaster, where he was born May 20, 1853. On starting out for himself he secured work in the cotton mills, start.- ing in a very humble position and at the minimum of wages. After five years in the mills fte began to learn the baker's trade, serving an apprenticeship of two years, and then working as foreman for Mr. Goos for five years. The inception of his present bakery dates from 1878, when he started an independent bijsiness, and began building up the excellent trade he now receives at the hands of the people of Lan- caster. In order to meet the demands of his trade, two wagons are in constant use. The fine quality of the bakery goods, as well as the known integrity of the proprietor, contribute to give the establishment a recognized position in the line of its specialty. Dur- ing, the course of his busy Hfe Mr. Rudy has met with his share of reverses and has met with more than one narrow escape, notably at the time of the well-remembered explosion at the cotton mills, when a boiler was blown a distance of one square. He was working in the mills at the time, and narrowly es- caped death. While in politics he has never dis- played any partisanship, he is a decided Democrat and never fails to vote with his party. In religious connection he is a member of Grace Lutheran Church, in which he has served as deacon six years, and as elder three years, while fraternally he is as- sociated with the Knights of Pythias and Independ- ent Order of Odd Fellows. The marriage of Christian Rudy and Anna M. Gilgore occurred in Lancaster in 1877. Born of this union were the following children : Charles C, who died Jan. 2, i88t ; Walter H., who died Feb. 3, 1882 ; Bertha L., who married Walter K. Barley, of Lan- caster ; and Christian C, at home. Mrs; Rudy was born in Lancaster Oct. 29, 1853, a daughter of Will- iam and Julia A. (Bruner) Gilgore. Through her father, she traces her lineage to worthy Scotch ances- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 919 .tors, her grandparents, William and Rebecca Gil- gore, having been natives of Scotland ; while on her mother's side she is of direct German descent, her maternal grandparents having been Jacob and Cath- erine Bruner, natives of Germany. After a busy life devoted to the occupation of a marble mason, William Gilgore died Aug. 12, 1890, aged sixty- eight years. For some years he was survived by his wife, who died in March, 1901, at the age of seventy- five years. Both were interred in the Lancaster ceme- tery. Their children were named as follows: Thomas J. ; Lydia A. ; William, deceased ; J. Au- gustus, a sculptor residing in Lancaster; Anna M., Mrs. Rudy; Louis H., proprietor of a bookstore in Lancaster; John, a member of the police force of that city ; George W. and Emma A., both of whom died in childhood ; and Francis S., who is a partner of his brother in the book business. JONAS E. SHANK, a prominent farmer of Lancaster township, belongs to a family well known in Lancaster county, and was born Jan. 30, 1858, on the farm where he now resides. Grandfather John Shank was born in Lancaster township, where he lived and died, and followed the calling of a farmer. In 1835 he was ordained a minister of the Old Mennonite Church, in which body he was a faithful worker until his death, which occurred Nov. 2, 1857. He married Susanna Har- nish, and they had eleven children :_ Elizabeth, wife of Christian Herr ; Jacob, who died unmarried Nov. 6, 1899 ; Mariah, wife of Michael Wheider, deceased ; Andrew H., father of Jonas E. ; Jonas H., a farmer of Lancaster township ; Martin (deceased), a farmer of Lancaster township ; Susan, wife of Abner Miller, of Conestoga township; Barbara, unmarried; Mar- tha, wife of Abram S. Stauffer, of Manheim town- ship ; Sarah, unmarried, of Manheim township ; and Fannie, wife of John E. Nestleworth, deceased. Andrew H. Shank, father of Jonas E., was born in Lancaster township, on the old homestead, Nov. 4, 18 18. When a young man he commenced farming on the farm now owned by his son Jonas, and con- tinued farming until April, 1882, when he retired and located in Millersville. In politics he is a stanch Republican, and for thirteen years was supervisor of the township. His religious affiliations are with the Old Mennonite Church. The first wife of Andrew H. Shank was Catherine Harnish, and their marriage occurred Feb. 7, 1843. To them were born three children : Mary Ann, who died at the age of nine years ; and Harry (deceased) and Jonas E., twins. Mrs. Shank died Feb. 10, 1890, aged sixtv-nine years, three days, and Andrew H. Shank subsequently' married Mrs. Elizabeth Shirt- zer, widow of Benjamin Shirtzer. Jonas E. Shank remained at home, working upon the farm, and receiving his education in the schools of the township. When he married he assumed charge of the Shank homestead, and has since de- voted himself to agricultural pursuits. His farm, which is one of the finest in the township, consists of eighty-four acres, conveniently located one mile from Lancaster City, on the Lancaster and New Danville pike. The pleasant house, surrounded by shade and fruit trees, flowers and shrubbery, the well cultivated fields, neat fences and substantial outbuild- ings, all testify to the prosperity and good manage- ment of Mr. Shank. In addition to attending to his farming interests he is a director of the Lancaster and New Danville pike, and also a director in the Manor Mutual Fire Insurance Company. On Oct. 25, 1881, Mr. Shank married Miss Catherine R. Landis, a daughter of Henry and Cath- erine Landis, of Manheim township (both now de- ceased), and the liveliness in their home, well-kept garden and many beautiful floral effects on their fine lawn prove that his choice was well made. To Mr. and Mrs. Shank four children have been born : Em- ma L., attending Prof. Moore's Madame Cotta Col- lege; Landis L., attending Wade's Pennsylvania Business College, Philadelphia ; Andrew Hilke, who died at the age of five years, nine months, five days ; and Walter L., at home. Both Mr. and Mrs. Shank are consistent members of the Old Mennonite Church, and no people are_ more highly esteemed than they in Lancaster township. Mr. Shank is a man of broad sympathies and public spirit, and he alwavs bears a leading part in all matters calculated to prove of benefit to the community. DANIEL S. NEFF, a progressive and enterpris- ing agriculturist living near Central Manor, Manor township, was born upon his present farm Sept. 21, 1863, son of Benjamin and Anna (Shenk) Neff, and grandson of Henry and Susanna (Neff) Nefif. The father spent his entire life upon that farm, engaged in agricultural pursuits. By his ballot he supported the men and measures of the Republican party, and for eighteen years he efficiently filled the office of school director. In religious belief he was a Men- nonite. He was twice married, his first wife being Anna Hostetter, who died in 1854, at the age of twen- ty-six years, and of the two children born of that union, Cyrus, the elder, is also deceased. Benjamin is a resident of Central Manor. The second wife was Anna Shenk, daughter of Henry Shenk, of Manor township, and to them were born two children : Dan- iel S. and Anna, the latter the wife of Harry Gamber, of Landisville, Lancaster county. The father died in June, 1880, at the age of fifty-eight years, the mother in 1897, at the age of sixty-five. Daniel S. Neff grew to manhood on the old home- stead and attended the district schools of the neigh- borhood. He earlv became familiar with all the du- ties which fall to the lot of the agriculturist, and on the death of his father took charge of the home place, consisting of seventy-three acres, which he has since successfully operated. He has made many valuable improvements upon the farm, including the erection of a fine brick residence in 1899. In 1888 Mr. Neff married Miss Annie R. Herr, 920 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY daughter of Henry and Lizzie Herr, and to them have come two children ; Ira H., born in 1889, and Harry C, born in 1893. Since attaining his majority Mr. Neff has been identified with the RepubHcan party, and he has taken an active part in its work, doing all within his power to insure its success. He is pro- gressive and public-spirited, and has capably served ' as a member of the school board in his district since 1898. PHILIP AUGUSTUS METZGER, head of the firm of Metzger & Haughman, dry-goods merchants at Nos. 38 and 40 West King street, Lancaster, be- longs to one of the very old families of Lancaster county. Philip Metzger, his first ancestor in this country, came to America from the Palatinate, Germany, in 1749, leaving his beautiful Old World country be- cause of bitter religious persecution. He had three sons — Jacob, Philip and John — and one daughter. Philip A. Metzger, of Lancaster, is the fourth Philip in the direct line of descent, and his son Philip, who died in 1878, when five years old, was the fifth. The commodious old brick dwelling at No. 25 South Queen street, Lancaster, was built by the grandfa- ther of Philip A., and there, in the same room, have been born his father and himself, and two of his children. This home was in the possession of the Metzger family from 1791 to 1891, when it passed into other hands. Philip Metzger (2), according to the records, was the grandfather of Philip A. Metzger, whose father's name was also Philip. The latter married Eliza Wayne Sprigman, a cousin of the late John W. Forney, the well-known journalist, and to this union were born ten children, five of whom are now living: Anna, widow of B. F. Charles; Louisa, widow of I. F. Abele; Margaret, unmarried; George W., of Lancaster; and Philip Augustus. Philip Augustus Metzger was born in the old •homestead in Lancaster, Nov. 27, 1839, and was edu- cated in the public schools of that city, leaving the high, school to enter the dry-goods store of R. E. Fahnstock, with whom he remained twenty-six years. At the eijd of that long period he severed ■commercial relations with Mr. Fahnstock to enter into business for himself. For more than twenty- two years he. has been a merchant in Lancaster, and he and his partner have conducted a most successful business. In the fall of 1886 Mr. Metzger bought the present store, which in former days was the "Golden Lamb Hotel," and in 1887 a large addition was made to the building. They enjoy a very flatter- ing patronage. Mr. Metzger was married in 1866 to M. Elizabeth, daughter of the late George A. Weaver, a member of one of the old Lancaster county families; her great-grandfather was a captain in the Revolution- ary war. To this union were born five children, two of whom are still living : Miss Mary Gertrude is at home ; Carrie Louisa is the wife of Charles Emory Long, who is now engaged in the leaf tobacco trade, . and thev have two children, Elizabeth M. and Philip M. Mr. Metzger was for more than thirty-five years a member of the .Duke Street Methodist Church, and a trustee for about twenty years. When the new church building was erected on the northwest corner of Duke and Walnut streets, in 1891, Mr. Metzger, by his indefatigable energy, zeal and liberal contri- butions, prevented the cutting out from the plans of the beautiful tower that so fittingly adorns it. In February and March, 1897, he accompanied the popular and beloved pastor. Rev. J. T. Satchell, D. D., on an extensive trip to the Bermudas and the West Indies. Mr. Metzger is now a member of the First Pres- byterian Church. In politics he is a Democrat, and time and time again has been nominated by his party in the Second ward for the Select Council. Several times he was strqngly urged to become his party's nominee for the position of mayor of Lancaster, but for various reasons felt impelled to decline. Fra- ternally Mr. Metzger belongs to the Odd Fellows and Knights of Pythias. He is a most genial and charming gentleman. His business integrity is be- yond question, and his standing in the business world of Lancaster most enviable. JOSEPH H. McGLAUGHLIN, one of the lead- ing residents of the town of Mechanicsburg, was born in Horse flollow, Martic township, Lancaster county, June 11, 1867, a son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Henry) McGlaughlin. Samuel McGlaughlin, one of the leading citizens of Conestoga Center, was born in Providence town- ship Oct. 26, 1834, a son of Joseph and Sarah (Peo- ples) McGlaughlin. The family records show that Joseph McGlaughlin was born Aug. 12, 1799; his mother's maiden name was Hettie McKorkle. On Dec. 30, 1824, he wedded Sarah Peoples, who was .born Oct. 10, 1802. Samuel McGlaughlin was formerly supervisor, and is now tax collector of Conestoga, his adminis- tration being considered one of the best and most judicions-the county has ever had. During the Civil war he served as a soldier in Co. E, 79th P. V. I., under Gen. Hambright, and was often in posts of great danger, having charge of some of the trans- portation. On Oct. 12, 1865, he was married, by Rev. J. J. Strine, to Elizabeth Henry, who was born between Conestoga Center and Rock Hill, Jan. 16, 1843, a daughter of John and Magdalena (Thomas) Henry. The children of this union were as follows : (t) Joseph H. is the subject of this article. (2) A. Laura, born in Conestoga Center Jan. 13, 1870, was married Oct. 22, 1901, to Tilden Falk, a machin- ist by trade, and now resides in New York City. (3) Harvey M., of the firm of Diehm & McLaughlin, coachmakers at Honey Brook, Pa., was born in Conestoga township Dec. 13, 1871, and was married Dec. 26, 1900, to Miss Helen Wesley, of Little Brit- /^^^^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 921 ain township. (4) M. Letitia, for some time a school teacher and seamstress, was born in Pequea township Dec. 24, 1873, and on Jan. 26, 1902, was married' to Robert A. Erb, and now lives on a farm at Mount Nebo, Pa. (5) John Miles, deceased, was born in Conestoga Center Feb. 26, 1876. (6) Effie N., of Lancaster, was born in Conestoga Center Jan. 23, 1S78. (7) Franklin P., stenographer and book- keeper for Follmer, Clogg & Co., umbrella manu- facturers at Lancaster, was born Nov. id, 1881. Loth Samuel M cGlaughlin and his wife are members of the Old Mennonite Church. John Henry, father of Mrs. Elizabeth (Henry) McGlaughlin, was born Jan. 26, 1804, a son of Michael and Susan (Rathfon) Henry, and was a stone mason and shoemaker by occupation. He married Magdalena Thomas, who was born Jan. 16, 1810, a daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Keeports) Thomas. Joseph H. McGlaughlin was reared on the home farm, and between the ages of ten and fifteen years he assisted neighboring farmers. He then learned the cigarmaker's trade, but only as a means of enabling him to gratify his ambition for a higher education. His inclinations led him to the profession of teacher, and he entered the Millersville State Normal School to prepare himself for that calling. In the fall of 1887 he began his eminently successful career as an instructor, and has continued to teach ever since, sometimes even teaching summer sessions. His work has been appreciated through the county, and he is very popular with both patrons and students. Mr. McGlaughlin has done much in the interest of edu- cation in his locality, and his influence has been the means of promoting and instituting a number of needed reforms. He has also during the summer seasons been engaged extensively in trucking. His artistic sense has found expression in highly orna- mental penwork, and many specimens of his handi- work have found their way into the possession of his acquaintances, and are now scattered over much of our country. On March 30, 1893, Mr. McGlaughlin was united in marriage, by Rev. D. W. Gerhard, with Miss Clara W. Weinhold, daughter of Peter G. and Eliza (Weinhold) Weinhold, and this union has been blessed with two children: Elsie Mabel, born in Upper Leacock township Jan. 9, 1894, who died Sept. 3, 1897; and Grace Leona, born Dec. 25, 1895. In religious connection Mr. and Mrs. McGlaughlin are members of Heller's Salem Reformed Church. Mr. McGlaughlin has been prominently identified with the Republican party for many years, and for four years was judge of elections. He is a genial, pleas- ant citizen, and is well known and highly esteemed. Peter G. Weinhold, father of Mrs. McGlaughlin, was born in East Cocalico township, between Denver and Muddy Creek, Jan. 5, 1840, a son of Philip Wein- hold. He is now a prominent farmer in Upper Lea- cock township. His wife, Eliza (Weinhold) Wein- hold, was born in East Cocalico township April 18, 1848, a daughter of Peter S. and Leah (Yagi) Wein- hold, the former of whom, born Dec. 10, 1818, died April 26, 1896 ; the latter, a daughter of Joseph and Catharine (Loraw) Yagi, born Nov. 25, 1820, died Aug. 13, 1902. To Peter G. and Eliza Weinhold were born children as follows : Henry W., of Read- ing, a florist in the employ of the Pennsylvania Rail- way Company, was born in East Cocalico Feb. 17, 1867, and on Dec. 24, 1891, was married to Clara A. Ludwig. Frances W., born July 16, 1868, on Nov. 24, 1889, married Henry W. Lutz, a farmer near Hel- ler's Church. Solomon W., a farmer and laborer near Leacock, was born Dec. 19, 1869, and married Adelia R. Espenschied Feb. 25, 1897. Clara W. is ithe wife of Joseph H. McGlaughlin. Pierce W., born July 25, 1873, died June 4, 1874. Annie E., born Nov. 19, 1876, was married Oct. 12, 1899, to Abram S. Getz, a laborer and farmer of Leacock, Pa. James, a plumber and gas fitter of Reading, Pa„ was born Dec. 23, 1878. Minnie, born Dec. 31, 1886, is at home. All the family attend Heller's 5alem Re- formed Church except the parents, who are members of the Muddy Creek Reformed Church. Pliilip Weinhold, the father of Peter G., was born Nov. 19, 1796, son of Peter and Elizabeth (Grill) Weinhold, and on reaching man's estate wedded Elizabeth Kress. SAMUEL S. STAUFFER, a substantial and well-known farmer of Mt. Joy township, was bom April 12, 1867, on his present home farm, which is the old homestead of the Stauffer family, where many of the name have first seen the light in the past. Mr. Stauffer is a son of Abraham G. and Har- riet (Shelley) Stauflfer, the former of whom was born in 1842 on the present farm, son of Jacob Stauffer; the mother was born in Rapho township, daughter of Henry Shelley. Abraham G. Stauffer removed in 1891 to Lebanon county, where he is engaged in farming. During his residence in this county he was identified with many of its sound in- stitutions, notably the Elizabethtown National Bank, in which he was a director from its organiza- tion until the spring of 1901. His wife was born in December, 1844, and died Dec. 21, 1901, aged fifty-seven years, two days. She was a member of the German Baptist Church, to which her husband also belongs. To Abraham G. Stauffer and his wife were born the following named children: Harry S., who is a stock dealer living in Manheim ; Samuel S. ; Fanny S., who married Albert Garber, a merchant in Lebanon county; Harriet S. and Ja- cob S., both of whom died young ; Andrew S., who owns a warehouse and is engaged in the fruit busi- ness in Palmyra, Pa. ; David S., also residing in Palmyra: Katie S., who resided with her parents and died Aug. 22, 1901, aged twenty-four years, fourteen days ; Abraham S. and Mamie S., both of whom died young ; and Anna S., at home. Mr. Stauffer was reared on the farm and has passed his whole life there, engaging in farming 922 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY from his youth. The place is one of the valuable estates which help to make Lancaster county famous as a farming section. On Nov. 29, 1892, Mr. Stauffer was married, in Manheim, to Miss Amanda B. Graybill, and to this union has been born one daughter, Minnie G. Mrs. Stauffer was born Aug. 12, 1870, in Penn township, daughter of Seth and Fannie (Bentz) Graybill, of Lancaster county. Mr. Graybill was born in 1845, and is now a retired farmer of the village of Penn- ville, having lived free from business care for the past six years. His wife was born in 1850. Both are valued members of the German Baptist Church. Their children were as. follows : Amanda B., wife of Mr. Stauffer ; Joseph B., a farmer of Penn town- ship ; and Hayden B. and Noah B., both deceased. The family is of Swiss origin, and the paternal grandfather of Mrs. Stauffer was Joseph Graybill, of Lancaster county, who married a Lutz. Mr. Stauffer is identified with the Republican party, and is one of the progressive and intelligent young men of his locality. BENJAMIN M. SHENK, one of the highly esteemed retired farmers of Lancaster county, is a worthy representative of one of the oldest families in this locality. This family originated in Switzer- land, coming to America about 1730. Michael Shenk was the original settler on the old homestead, and his son, Henry (it is thought) succeeded him. John Shenk, the great-grandfather of Benjamin M., was a son of Henry, and he lived and died in Pequea township. His life was devoted exclusively to farming pursuits and to the ministry of the Old Mennonite Church. The children he left were: Henry; John; Anne, who married a Suavely; and Mary, who married a Hostetter. Henry Shenk, son of Rev. John, became the grandfather of Benjamin M., of this sketch, and he was born in Pequea township, where he tilled the soil. His duty led him in the direction of a relig- ious life, and for four years he was a minister in the Old Mennonite Church, and on June 3, 1843, he was ordained a bishop. For a number of years he was a power in the church, operating in the Con- estoga, Millersville, Rohrerstown and Manor dis- tricts. His simple, pious life, combined with his ability as a preacher, exerted a great influence for good, few men ever having been more highly es- teemed or more dearly beloved. As a fitting close to a life of estimable deeds, he died suddenly, Oct. 22, 1865, aged seventy years, eleven months and twenty days, after giving testimony after a sermon preached bv his co-worker, Jacob Brubaker, of Manor District, Rev. Joseph K. Brubaker being also present, in the Stone Meeting House, in Pequea township. The marriage of Rev. Henry Shenk was to Susanna Huber, and they became the parents of twelve children: John, who died in 1892; Henry, who died Jan. 6, 1854; Michael, who died young; Tobias, who resides in Manheim township; Mary, deceased; Jacob, of Pequea township; Isaac, twin to Jacob, deceased; Rudolph, of East Drumore township : Samuel, of Pequea township ; Susan, the widow of Andrew G. Bower; Benjamin, deceased; and Anna, the wife of Martin Herr, of Pequea township. John Shenk, father of Benjamin M., was born on the old homestead in Pequea township, Aug. 28, 1816, and lived there until 1842, when he moved to Lancaster township, locating on the farm which Benjamin M. Shenk now owns, giving his whole attention to the cultivation of his land for a number of years. He was, however, an intelligent and pub- lic-spirited man, was active in the ranks of the Re- publican party, filling many of the local offices with great efficiency, notably those of assessor, auditor, school director and supervisor. Mr. Shenk was identified with many of the public enterprises of his locality, and until the time of his death was a director in the Marietta Pike road. As a consistent member of the Old Mennonite Church, his life was filled with good and charitable deeds. His relia- bility was recognized in the demands made upon him in the matter of settling up estates, many trusts being confidently placed in his hands. His mar- riage was to Miss Magdalena Musser, and they had a family of six children, three of whom died in childhood, the others being: Henry, a farmer in Penn township; Benjamin M., of this sketch; and Susan, wife of Rev. Abram B. Herr. The mother of these children died Aug. 13, 1861, and Mr. Shenk married Mrs. Magdalena Bassler, and he died May 10, 1892. Benjamin M. Shenk was born on the farm where he now resides, on Aug. 21, 1844, grew up acquainted with all the necessary details of a farmer's life, and after completing the common school course, settled down to a farming life. After his marriage in 1870 he began farming on the home place, which was his by inheritance, and here, until the spring of 1901, he followed agricultural pursuits, becoming one of the most substantial and highly esteemed citizens of this county. For as long a period as seventeen years Mr. Shenk has been a school director, always cast- ing his influence in the direction of progressive edu- cational methods, and has stanchly supported the principles of the Republican party. ' Mr. Shenk has been identified with a number of the important en- terprises of the county, notably the Mutual Insurance Co.j having been a director for many years. Many of the complicated estates of this neighborhood have been placed in his hands for adjustment, his fellow- citizens being so well assured of his integrity, ability and uprightness. The marriage of Mr. Shenk was to Miss Leah G. Charles, and to this union were born five children, two of whom died young, the others being: John C, a farmer of East Hempfield township ; Abram C, a farmer on the home place ; and Anna C, residing with her parents. Both Mr. and Mrs. Shenk are BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 923 consistent members of the Old Mennonite Church, and are kind, neighborly and hospitable, and among the very best people of their township. EDMUND GARDNER was born Nov. 8, 1870, at Colemanville, Lancaster county, where he now re- sides. He comes from an old Pennsylvania family. Valentine Gardner, his great-grandfather, lived and died in Martic township, about one and one- half miles from the home of Edmund Gardner. He was a tanner by trade, and carried on that business for some years in connection with farming, carting his leather by team to Philadelphia and Baltimore. His wife's maiden name was Good. John Gardner, the grandfather, was born in Mar- tic township in 1808, and lived at home until he was about twenty-eight years of age. He was educated in the common schools of the county. At the age of twenty-eight he went to Conestoga township, and engaged in farming, which he continued until 1871, when he retired from the active affairs of life. He married Miss Leah Shenk, of Conestoga township, in 1836, and they were the parents of eleven chil- dren, of whom eight died in infancy or early child- hood. Those who grew to mature years were: John Wesley, father of Edmund; Leah, wife of Jo- seph Clark, of Mt. Nebo ; and Valentine, who at the age of twenty-one was drowned, in 1871, while skating on the Pequea. Mr. Gardner and his wife were members of the M. E. Church, he being one of the trustees and a steward for about thirty years. John Wesley Gardner was born in Conestoga township, Feb. 14, 1840, and lived at home until he was twenty-two years old. He received a common- school education. In 1862 he enlisted in Co. C, i22d P. V. I., was mustered into service Aug. 11, 1862, promoted to corporal Jan. 21, 1863, and with his company was mustered out of the service May 15, 1863. In 1866 John W. Gardner married Miss Henri- etta Costello, of Conestoga township, and they be- came the parents of two children : Florence, who is the wife of H. B. Barr, of Colemanville; and Ed- mund. Mr. and Mrs. Gardner are members of the M. E. Church, and Mr. Gardner was trustee and steward of the church for a number of years, and was also superintendent of the Sunday-school. He was engaged in merchandising for about thirty years, and retired in 1894, Edmund Gardner, his son, continuing the business to the present time. John W. Gardner is a member of Stewart Post, G. A. R., of Rawlinsville ; of the K. of P., at Rawlins- viUe; and the A. O. K. of M. C, No. 158, of Mt. Nebo. Edmund Gardner remained at home with his parents, and upon the retirement of his father, in 1894, took charge of the business. During his youth he was educated in the county schools, and supplemented this training with a two-years course at the State Normal School at Millersville. He has given his entire attention to the mercantile business. and has been very successful in it. Politically he is a Republican, and was made postmaster March 30, 1894. He is a member of the Charles M. Howell Lodge, F. & A. M., No. 496, of Millersville ; and is also a member of the A. O. K. of M. C, No. 158, Mt. Nebo. On Aug. 16, 1893, Mr. Gardner was married to Miss Mary, daughter of P. C. Hiller, of Conestoga township. Both Mr. and Mrs. Gardner are members of the M. E. Church of Colemanville, and he is one of the trustees. They have four children, namely : J. Harold, Grace, Reba and Clare, all at home. Although a young man, Mr. Gardner has already gained a permanent standing in the community, and is regarded as a useful, progressive and liberal- minded man in both business and social circles, well deserving the high esteem in which he is held. MRS. MARY SALENA (PROSSER) BAUM- GARDNER, widow of the late Henry Baumgardner, was born about sixty-five years ago in Hartford, Conn., daughter of James L. and Mary (Lillibridge) Prosser, and remained with her parents until her first marriage. James L. Prosser was an extensive farmer, and a horse and cattle dealer of prominence in one of the very wealthiest sections of the United States. Of his family, all are now deceased but Mrs. Baumgardner and her sister, Mrs. Brown, who lives at Lexington, near Boston. The others were: John, who died aged twenty-one; Levi, who amassed wealth in speculation and employed it in charity ; Amisa, who died young ; and Angeline, who married Park Fellows, formerly of Syracuse, N. Y., now a wealthy resident of San Francisco, Cal. This family is of noble lineage, but Mrs. Baumgardner's proudest boast is that she is the daughter of an honest man. Mary Salena Prosser first became the wife of Jay Cadwell, who came of an honorable family — people whose word was as good as their bond. His brothers are all deceased, and his sister is still liv- ing on the old place a few miles from the city of Hartford, which has been in the family for over two hundred years. After his marriage Mr. Cad- well came- to Lancaster county. Pa., and engaged in tobacco culture, which venture proving disastrous he remained only one season. Going to Philadel- phia, he opened the first silver-plating establishment there, as a member of the firm of Filley, Mead & Cadwell. His health failing, he was advised to re- main in the open air as much as possible, and ac- cordingl}'^ returned to Lancaster county, where he commenced to buy stock. He eventually took up the cork manufacturing business, in which he was engaged up to the time of his death, March 24, 1874. His remains rest in Lancaster cemetery. Mr. Cadwell had been successful in business, but ill health and the results of the panic of 1873, together with the fact that he had bet heavily on the election of Horace Greeley, of whom he was a great admirer, left him in debt, and his widow was left with a heavy 924 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY burden to shoulder. His assets were equal to his liabilities, but the material had to be worked up and put on the market, and she took up the work cour- ageously, and the fact that she had a daughter to be cared for was a wonderfvtl incentive for her to make the effort. Her father and brother came to Lan- caster and offered her their assistance, but though they were men of wealth she only expressed her gratitude and persuaded them to return home, say- ing she felt confident that she would "come out all right," and she did. She managed her husband's plant and business for eight years with great suc- cess, only abandoning the business when the estab- lishment was destroyed by fire ; but she had previ- ously paid the entire indebtedness, dollar for dollar, and felt that she could afford to retire. After four years of widowhood Mrs. Cadwell was united in marriage with Henry Baumgardner, a prominent citizen of Lancaster, where he had a suc- cessful business career, and both made and lost a great deal of money. He died in May, 1898, and is buried in the Lancaster cemetery. Notwithstanding her strenuous life, Mrs. Baum- gardner is a remarkably bright, active and even youthful lady for her sixty-five years. She was the first subscriber in Lancaster county to Dun's Mer- cantile Agency. She and aU of her connections are of the most prominent and leading citizens, and all are well-to-do in the world. She is a member of the Lancaster Historical Society, and of the Y. M. C. A. Auxiliary Body, socially prominent and clever, and a woman of engaging manners and of charitable disposition and habits. Mrs. Baumgardner's daughter, Ida, is the wife of H. C. Moore, and has three children, Samuel, Edith and Mary S. Mr. Moore is a prominent citi- zen of Trenton, N. J-, being president of two traction companies. Mrs. Baumgardner has a niece, Mrs. George Field, living at Newton Center, Massachu- setts. NORMAN M. CHRIST, an enterprising and rapidly rising young farmer of Manor township, was born in Conestoga township, Lancaster county, Feb. 3, 1872, a son of Michael K. Christ, who resides two and one-half miles southwest of Miller sville, and is one of the most respected farmers of Manor town- ship. Michael K. Christ was born in Manor township, Lancaster county, Sept. i, 1850, son of Amos B. Christ, a native of the same township. Michael K., was reared on the home farm, was educated in the district schools, and also attended the State Normal School at Millersville for three terms, in 1868-69- 70. He taught in the winters of those years, and in the fall of 1870 located at Masonville. In 1876 he purchased a farm of eight and one-half acres in Manor township, where he has since been engaged in farming. He has also passed considerable time in clerking, and in 1889-90-91-92 was collector of taxes for Manor township ; in 1897 he was mercan- tile appraiser for Lancaster county; in 1898 he was delegate to the Republican State Convention, having previously attended several county conventions. Mr. Christ has acted as administrator of several estates. Michael K. Christ was married Aug. 17, 1870, to Miss Mary S. Miller, daughter of Christian and Barbara Miller, both of whom are deceased. To this union have been born four children, viz. : Nor- man M., with whose name this sketch opens ; Ben- jamin M., a veterinary surgeon, at home; Haldy M., a graduate of the Millersville State Normal School, class of 1897, and since a teacher of shorthand and typewriting at home; and Ida V., also at home, a teacher of music. Norman M. Christ received a sound public-school education, and at the age of twenty years began farm- ing by working out by the day. By saving his earn- ings he was able, in the fall of 1896, to purchase twenty acres of the Jacob Doerstler farm, one- quarter mile east of Creswell, which place he has greatly improved, having one of the finest little places in the county; he carries on general farming, and also deals in fertilizers. On June 18, 1891, Norman M. Christ married Miss Sarah Sneath, who was born in Manor town- ship, daughter of William A. Sneath, deceased. To this marriage have been born three children, Blanche, Irene and Walter. Norman M. Christ is one of the active young Re- publicans of Manor township, and takes a deep in- terest in the party's affairs, but although frequently solicited to accept nomination for public office has - persistently refused to become a candidate. Mr. and Mrs. Christ are members of the Evangelical Church, and are among the most respected of the residents of Manor township. WALTER M. ESHLEMAN, proprietor of the "Buck Hotel," in East Drumore township, Lancaster county, was born in Marticville April 20, 1868, son of Martin and Hattie (McCardee) Eshleman. Mar- tin Eshlemanwas born in Martic township in 1840, and his wife was born in Conestoga township in 1843. Henry and Mary Eshleman, the grandparents, were both natives of Lancaster county, and of Ger- man parentage. They lived in the Revolutionary period. Henry Eshleman owned much land in this section of the county, and both he and his wife died in Martic, on his old homestead. They had ten chil- dren : Henry, who lives in East Drumore township ; Samuel, a butcher in Marticville ; Calvin, who died at the home of his parents ; Maris, a butcher, who died at the old home unmarried ; Eli, who died at the old homestead, leaving a widow and nine children, Martin, Jacob, Daniel, George, Eli, Elizabeth (who married Joseph Rankin), Susan (who married Chris- tian Andrews), Mary fwho married Henry Hoover) and Lydia (who married Martin Eshleman) ; Eliza, born in Marticville, who married Jacob Johnson, of Smithville, Lancaster county, and died leaving a family ; Susan, who married John G. Good, and is the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 925 mother of four children, Elizabeth (wife of George W. Hiney), Mollie (wife of John Plank), Barbara (wife of Samuel Young) and Henry (deceased) ; Cilinda, de.ceased, wife of Joseph Hoover; Louisa, wife of Alexander Humphrey, of Lancaster; and Martin. ^ Martin Eshleman was reared on the old home- stead, and was engaged in farming until the break- ing out of the Civil war, when he enlisted in the cav- alry service of the Union army, and served under Sheridan. At Gettysburg he was seriously wounded, and lay for many house uncared for on that bloody field. Surviving the perils of the tented field and battle strife he came home, and is now living retired on the old family homestead, with all the comforts that industry and integrity have a right to expect. To him and his good wife have come four sons, all of whom are honorable and prosperous citizens of this county: (i) Harry, born in 1866, married Miss Bertha' Shofif, of Martic township, where he is living. He is a supervisor.. They have two children, Clyde and Florence. (2) Walter M. is mentioned below. (3) Joseph, born in 1874, married Miss Katie Handle, and is a farmer in Martic township. They have one daughter, Emma. (4) Ezra, born in 1877, lives at home, and is manager of the home farm. Walter M. Eshleman grew to manhood under the parental roof-tree, and took up farming as his life business. In 1891 he was married to Lizzie, daugh- ter of Simon and Hettie Good. Mrs. Eshleman was born in Providence in 1870, and was educated in the local schools. Mr. and Rlrs. Eshleman lived for a time in Martic township, where he was a farmer, and bought and sold stock on an extensive scale, a busi- ness he still follows. In 1900 he added to his other labors the cares of hotel-keeping, and has a hotel at the Buck, where he is doing a good business and has a fine patronage. Bessie, the only child of Mr. and Mrs. Eshleman, was born Jan. 15, 1892. Mr. Eshleman and his father are both Repub- licans. The grandtather was a Whig, and in time became a Republican. Fraternally Walter M. Eshle- man belongs to the I. O. O. F. He* was reared in the Mennonite faith, his mother being a member of that church. In 1898 Mr. Eshleman made an extensive "western trip, traveling in Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Kansas and Nebraska, and returned by way of Ken- tucky and Virginia. Mr. Eshlenjan is a young man of excellent business qualifications, and is widely known, not only for his abilities as a stockman, but for his very successful management of the "Buck Hotel," which is one of the popular hostelries of the county. LEVI B. HUBER, one of the progressive and prominent young farmers of Lancaster county, living about a mile southeast of Landis Valley, belongs to an old and honored family, and is a son of David B. Huber, of Fruitville. He was born Jan. 12, i86r, se- cured his education in the public schools, and, being a man of keen perception and good observation, has become one of the best informed citizens of the county. When a young man of twenty-two Mr. Huber began on his own account on the place he now occu- pies, known as Fountain Farm. It comprises sixty- two acres, largely devoted to potato growing. Mr. Huber keeps in touch with the advance of the times, being a reader of and occasional contributor to the agricultural press. He is interested in bees, and has five stands of the Italian variety. He also keeps some 300 hens, improved White Leghorns, and regularly supplies a number of the families in Lancaster with eggs. Levi B. Huber was married, in November, 1883, to Miss Elizabeth K., daughter of Benjamin R. and Anna vS. (Kreider) Staufler. She was born in East Lampeter township March 3, 1863. To this union have come the following children: Cora S., born Oct. 25, 1885 ; Anna S., April 14, 1887 ; Elizabeth S., July 27, 1888; Henry S., Aug. 13, 1889; David S., Dec. 15, 1890; Benjamin S., Feb. 26, 1892; Enos S., July t. 1896; John S., July 3, 1898; Christian S., Feb. II, 1894 (died March 17, 1895). Mr. and Mrs. Huber belong to the Mennonite Church, and he is assistant superintendent of the Sabbath-school. MARIE REBECCA VAN NESS, M. D., not only won distinction in medical circles in Lancaster for her own success as a practitioner, but also as the wife of a distinguished physician and .surgeon, Dr. AVilliam W. Van Ness, now retired after forty years of active practice. She is the daughter of the late David Saladin, who came to America from Baden- Baden, Germany, in 1831, and settling in Lancaster, engaged in mercantile trade there, having been a storekeeper in Europe. However, he abandoned that business, and became a contracting house painter. Mr. Saladin married Miss Mary Elizabeth Troyer, daughter of the late John Andrew Troyer, of Lan- caster, whose ancestors were of Revolutionary fame on both sides. To this union were born five children, only two of whom are living, Marie Rebecca and John F., the latter a wholesale dealer in millinery and silk at Greenville, Ohio. Marie Rebecca Saladin was born in Lancaster, and received her early education there, finishing her studies at the American Medical College, at St. Louis, from which she was graduated. She has been an earnest searcher after the truth, and made a close sttidy of Christian Science, which she practiced with great success for three years in Denver, Colo., though she subsequently confined herself to medical practice. Dr. Van Ness was the only woman in Lancaster who ever enjoyed the distinction of being medical exam- iner for an insurance company, holding that position in this section for the Security Medical Life Insur- ance Company, of Binghamton, N. Y., conducting the examination of lady applicants for insurance. She belongs to the American Medical Association, at Washington, D. C. Dr. Van Ness is as thoroughly 926 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY versed in literary mattefs as she is in medicine. Re- ligiously she is a member of the Unitarian denomina- tion. Socially, professionally and religiously she is a model type of womanhood. Almost forty years ago our subject became the wife of Dr. William Van Ness, who was born and reared on the Hudson. Both his grandfathers came over with Gov. Stuyvesant, when New York was known as New Amsterdam. Dr. William W. Van Ness is a graduate of Columbia College, New York, and is now living retired after an active practice ex- tending over forty years, during twenty of which he was associated with his wife, who practiced with him in New York for that length of time. She practiced ten years in Lancaster. Two children were born to this union, one daughter, now deceased, and one son. Rev. Thomas J. Van Ness, who is pastor of the sec- ond oldest church in the city of Boston, an Unitarian Church. He stands at the head of the six most prom- inent clergymen in that city. Dr. Van Ness may well feel a pride in the work of her husband and son in their respective callings, as well as in her own success in the learned profession of her choice. SAMUEL L. OBERHOLTZER, one of the well-known citizens and leading farmers of Mt. Joy township, was born on the farm he now occupies July 12, 1859, son of Jacob and Barbara (Lehman) Oberholtzer, natives of the same township, and who were for many years residents of the same farm. Jacob Oberholtzer, father of Samuel L., was born on the old farm Dec. 31, 1812, son of Samuel arid Fanny (Longenecker) Oberholtzer, natives of Dau- phin county, who moved to Lancaster county in 1797, locating on this farm, in Mt. Joy township, where their days were passed. They were members of the ATennonite Church. They had the following named children: John, Jacob, Samuel, Peter, Joseph, Christian and Elizabeth. Until 1862 Ja;cob Ober- holtzer farmed on the old homestead, removing then to an adjoining farm. He died after living some time in retirement, Dec. 31, 1897, and was buried in a pri- vate burying-ground on his own land. On Oct. 13, 1855, Jacob Oberholtzer married Barbara Lehman, in Lancaster, and they had the following children: Samuel L. is a resident of Mt. Joy township ; Jacob L. died at the age of five years ; Amanda L. married Daniel B. Brubaker, a farmer of Mt. Joy township ; Miss Lizzie I-. resides with her mother and her sis- ter, Mrs. Brubaker. Mrs. Oberholtzer was born Oct. 6, 1835, in Mt. Joy township, daughter of Daniel and Elizabeth (Lehman) Lehman, natives of Lancaster and Dauphin counties, respectively. Daniel Lehman died in Franklin county in 1886, his wife dying in 1846, at the age of forty-two years. Both Mr. and Mrs. Lehman were members of the Mennonite Church. They had the following children : Henry is a retired farmer, living in Ohio; Nancy married Peter Witmer, and lives in Dauphin county ; Barbara married Jacob Oberholtzer; Polly (deceased) mar- ried Christian Gish; Liz?ie is the widow of Peter Horst, of Franklin county ; Fannie died young ; Katie married John Landis, of Franklin county. The sec- ond marriage of Mr. Lehman was to Nancy ( Shank) Barricks, and they had children as follows : Sarah (deceased) married Henry Bricker; Daniel (de- ceased) married Annie Shenk ; Peter married Annie Zug, and is a farmer in Franklin county ; Lydia and Mattie both died young; Susan' married Samuel Longenecker, a farmer of Dauphin county; David married Annie Burkholder, and is a farmer in Frank- lin county. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Jacob Oberholtzer were Peter and Hettie (Hoover) Lehman, and the maternal grandparents were Abra- ham and Maria Lehman, all of whom died in Lan- caster county. Jacob Oberholtzer was a man of large means, and his family is one of the most substantial of the old families who reside in this vicinity and who come from a fine old German ancestry. Although he was not formally connected with any religious body, he lived a. Christian life, and was respected wherever he was known. Samuel L. Oberholtzer was but two years of age when the family moved from the old farm and lo- cated on an adjoining one. Here he remained with his parents, attending the district school, and assist- ing his father in operating the farm until his mar- riage, when he located on his present farm, the place of his birth, where he has continued ever since. He has been very successful in general farming, and during the past few years has paid considerable at- tention to poultry raising. As a representative citi- zen Mr. Oberholtzer has filled various public posi- tions with great efficiency, notably that of township auditor for six years ; for a similar length of time he was election inspector. In political belief he is a member of the Republican party. He belongs to the Mennonite Church, in which he was ordained a dea- con Dec. 25, 1900. In November, 1883, occurred the marriage of Samuel L. Oberholtzer and Miss Minerva Weaver, who was born in West Donegal township, and died Feb. 6, 1896, at the age of thirty-two years. She was buried in • Mt. Tunnel cemetery. She was a daughter of Henry and Catherine Weaver, natives of Lancaster county, who now live in West Donegal township, where the forrner is a retired farmer. The two children of this marriage were Katie W. and Walter W., both of whom live at home. The second marriage of Mr. Oberholtzer was to Mrs. Lizzie B. (Lehman) Gantz, of Conewago township, Dauphin Co., Pa., who was born Oct. i, 1855, in Lebanon county, daughter of Samuel and Caroline N. (Bru- baker) Lehman, the former a native of Lebanon county, and the latter of Lancaster county. Mr. Leh- man moved to Lancaster county in 1888, and now is a prominent retired farmer, residing in Elizabethtown. He was .born in 1831, and his wife was born in 1833. They were married in 1854, and had the following children : Lizzie B., now Mrs. Oberholtzer ; Aman- da, who married Nathan Brandt, a farmer residing at Fontana, Pa. ; Emma, who married Amos Risser BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 927 lives in Mt. Joy township ; and David, the youngest, a telegraph operator in 1 .ancaster city, who married Emma Shaub. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Oberholtzer were John and Polly (Kinzie) Lehman. Mrs. Oberholtzer was married (first) Oct. 21, 1875, in Lancaster, to John E. Gantz, who was born in Lan- caster county July 12, 1854, son of John L. and Anna (Enterline) Gantz, of Lancaster county, and died March 12, 1896. Mr. Gantz was a well-known agri- culturist of Dauphin county, and died on his farm. He was interred in Milton Grove cemetery. Three children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Gantz, namely : Allai L., who married Anna Longenecker, of Dau- phin county, and has two children, Carry and Walter ; ■ and Cleveland L. and Tihlman L., both residing with Mr. Oberholtzer. The Oberholtzers are among the substantial and representative families of Mt. Joy township, well thought of in their neighborhood, and worthy of the kind feeling and respect which surrounds them on every side, ■ WILLIAM M. MEARIG. Among the citizens of New Holland, Pa., is William M. Mearig, who was born in the village of Mechanicsbtirg, Lan- caster county, Feb. 15, 1868, son of George K. and Caroline (Miller) Mearig, both families being among the old and respected ones of Lancaster county. George K. Mearig was born in Upper Leacock township and was reared to the trade of miller, but as he could not stand being near the water, he took up butchering. Shortly after his marriage to Caro- line Miller he moved to Mechanicsburg, where he died in 1890, at the age of fifty-five years, and he was buried in the Zion Lutheran cemetery. His widow, the mother of our subject, lives in Mechan- icsburg. The children born to these parents were: Albert, who died in infancy ; Elizabeth, who resides with her mother; and William M., of this sketch. George Mearig, the grandfather of William M., was a native of Lancaster county, where he married Elizabeth Kolb, and carried on a tailoring business in this town for many years, a well-known and re- spected man. The maternal grandparents of our subject were Peter and Fanny (Rudy) Miller, both natives of Lancaster county. Mr. Miller was a blacksmith by- trade, but his eyesight failed him, and he lived in retirement in Mechanicsburg during his later years. William M. Mearig was reared in Mechanics- burg, and was educated in the public schools of this town. For three years after the close of his school days our subject worked as a tinsmith. He then be- came clerk in a real estate office in Jenkintown, and in Philadelphia, where he worked for about six months. An opportunity ofifering he accepted a po- sition with the firm of Kuhns & Bowers, wholesale dealers in wood and willow-ware, in Philadelphia, and for some six months was employed as their traveling salesman, but since February, 1889, he has been connected with the house of Lambert & Kirk, one of the drug firms in the city of Philadelphia. 'Mr. Mearig was almost a continual resident of Mechanicsburg up to the spring of 1902, when he moved to New Holland, Pa., where he now resides. His political affiliations are with the Democratic party, and from 1893 to 1897 he was the postmaster in his native town. On June i, 1893, Mr. Mearig was united in marriage to Miss Mary Kohler, in New Holland. Three children have been born to our subject and wife, namely: George, Anna and John F. Mrs. Mearig was born in Trappe, Montgomery Co., Pa., April 9, 1865, a daughter of Rev. John and Louisa (Baum) Kohler, of Union county. Pa. Rev. Mr. Kohler was one of the well-known ministers of the Lutheran Church, and continued his work through a period of fifty years. JOHN D. HOOD, who resides in Columbia, Lancaster coimty, is a native of Lewes, Sussex Co., Del., born July 11, 1859, a son of John N. and Jane O. (Wolfe) Hood, whose four children were born in the following order: Hannah M., on the old homestead at Midway, Del. ; Amanda B., also on the homestead ; John D., of No. 403 Walnut street, Columbia, Pa. ; and Thomas W., salesman for the Ross Brothers, sons of ex-Gov. Ross, at Slaford, Del. These children are all married with the ex- ception of Hannah M. John N. Hood, whose post office is still at Mid- way, Sussex Co., Del., is a son of John and Hannah (Greene) Hood, and was born near Lewes, Del., March 2, 1817. Two of his uncles. Dr. William Hood, of North Carolina, and Dr. Stephen Greene, of Laurel, Del., were among the most prominent physicians of their day. Among his living relatives are Hon. Judge Joseph Carey, ex-congressman, and Dr. John Carey, both of Cheyenne, Wyo., and Theo- dore and Davis Carey, of the well-known publishing firm of Carey Bros. & Grevemyer, in Philadelphia, the Careys being his first cousins. The Hood fam- ily and the Wolfe family, with which Mr. Hood is allied by marriage, are two of the oldest and most prominent in the State of Delaware, his grandfather, Robert Hood, a gentleman of wealth and intelli- gence, having come from Pennsylvania. John Hood, the eldest son of Robert Hood, was also a native of Pennsylvania. He bought, and for many years resided upon, a large and valuable tract of land lying on the coast near Rehoboth City, Sus- sex Co., Del. In politics he was a Democrat, and in the war of 1812 he served in the defense of his adopted State as captain of a company of volunteers stationed at Lewes. He married Hannah, daughter of Richard Greene, who came from Rhode Island, and settled on the farm which is now the Hood homestead. John N. Hood was married, in 1855, to Jane Oliver Wolfe, who was born Sept. 5, 1817, a daugh- ter of Daniel and Mary (Ball) Wolfe. The descent 928 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY of Mrs. John N. Hood is clearly traced to the Ball family of which the mother of Gen. George Wash- ington was a member. Joshua B. Wolfe, brother of Mrs. John N. Hood, was with Gen. Winfield Scott at the taking of the city of Mexico, and was greatly distinguished for bravery throughout the Mexican war. Mrs. John N. Hood, as well as her husband, was an earnest worker in the Presbyterian Church, and the family has always been influential and dis- tinguished. Mrs. Hood died in 1885, at the age of sixty-eight years, and Mr. Hood is now living in re- tirement. John D. Hood, whose name opens this biograph- ical sketch, remained on the home farm until 1881, when he went to Dakota, California and Oregon. He passed five years in the West, and during a part of this period carried on a cattle ranch in Clackamas county. Ore. In 1885 he returned home, passed sev- eral months in leisure, and the same year began rail- roading as fireman, from which position he was pro- moted to an engineer. In 1887 he was transferred from Philadelphia to Columbia, and this has since been his home. Mr. Hood was united in marriage at Philadel- phia, Oct. 16, 1889, with Mrs. Kate H. Hershey, a native of Columbia, and to this marriage have been born three children, viz. : John V., Marion B. and Harold W. Mrs. Kate H. Hood is a daughter of Christian and Sarah R. (Hinkle) Hershey, and a granddaughter of Christian and Catherine (Bren- ner) Hershey. She was first married to Amos Hershey, a locomotive engineer, who died March 19, 1882, at the age of thirty-one years. He was born . in Lancaster county, a son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Hertzler) Hershey. To this first marriage were born four children, namely : Daisy ; Christian, who married Maud Melville, and resides in Philadelphia ; Harry and William, both clerks in Columbia. Mr. and Mrs. Hood are members of the First English Lutheran Church, of Columbia. In politics Mr. Hood is a Democrat, and socially is a member of the B.'of L. E. and the Pennsylvania Railroad Relief Association. Christian Hershey, deceased father of Mrs. Kate H. Hood, was born in Manor township, Lancaster county, Feb. 5, 1824. He married Sarah Rebecca Hinkle, in Columbia, and to this union the follow- ing named children were born : Mrs. Kate H. Hood ; Harry, of Columbia ; William, of whom further men- tion will be made ; Sarah E., wife of Clauston Shert- zer, a farmer of Washington borough, Lancaster county; and Anna, who died young. The father of this family was a gentleman of wealth and respecta- bility, and was called away Nov. 10, 1899, his re- mains being interred in Mount Bethel cemetery. William Hershey, the third child born to Chris- tian and Sarah R. (Hinkle) Hershey, is a native of Columbia, and at the age of twenty-two years began braking for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company ; a few months later he was made a fireman and filled that position five years, when he was promoted to engineer, and is now considered as one of the most trusty and faithful in the employ of the company. He is still single. He is a Master Mason, also a member of the Commandery and Chapter, and in politics is a Republican. KIRK JOHNSON is known in Lancaster as a man who has done more probably than any other citizen of the county toward making it possible for a musical instrument to be placed in every home, however humble, in the city. He was born on his father's farm in New Jersey, June 4, 1861, a son of John W. Johnson, a native of Port Republic, New •Jersey. John W. Johnson is now living retired after years of activity on his farm. He devotes much of his time to the church, in which he has been a class- leader and exhorter for sixty-one years. In politics he is a Republican. His wife, Sarah Adams, of New Gretna, N. J., had six brothers, five of whom became Methodist ministers. To John W. Johnson and his wife were born ten children, as follows : Elizabeth, Mrs. B. E. Norris, of Atlantic City, N. J. ; William N., superintendent of the American Ice Company, Atlantic City ; Bella, Mrs.. Kirby, of Atlantic City ; Carrie, Mrs. Cramer, of New Gretna, N. J.; Ell- wood S., with the American Ice Company; Kirk; Morris L., manager of Kirk Johnson's store at At- lantic City; J. Newton, an attorney in New York City; Virginia May, Mrs. Sommers, of Oceanville, N. J. ; and Revilla, deceased. The mother died Jan. 24, 1898. Kirk Johnson, after trudging across the country six miles to attend district school for a very limited period, was kept at home to help on the farm until he was twenty-one years of age. At that time, with no other capital than that probity which his father and his now sainted mother had so deeply implanted in his breast, he started out to brave the world and hew his own future. He succeeded in securing em- ployment with F. A. North & Co., the noted musical dealers of Philadelphia, and was sent to Paterson, N. J., where a branch house was established by the Philadelphia firm. In 1883 Lancaster was made the objective point for the operations of this company, and here Mr. Johnson opened a branch house, con- ducting it for two years, when he embarked in busi- ness for himself. The beginning was modest, but he kept on and persevered until his place of business. No. 24 West King street, became the center of at- traction for all lovers of music. He has thirteen em- ployes, and at his branch store in Atlantic City there are nine. During this long residence in the county of his adoption Mr. Johnson has not only proved an educational force in the world of music, but has been equally forcible and beneficial in the public schools of the township in which he resides. His beautiful home is on the Philadelphia turnpike, just outside the city limits, in the upbuilding of which populous section he was a pioneer. The three handsome sub- urban cottages which he caused to be erected there BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 929 formed the nucleus for a number of handsome homes. And as a recognition of his ability and pub- Uc spirit the people of Lancaster township elected him to meriibership on the school board, where he hf.s served for six years, and is still in office. Mr. Johnson has taken a lively interest in the erection of the new school building, which was conipleted in 1900, and which is now pronounced the finest pub- lic school building in Lancaster county. In politics Mr. Johnson is a Republican, and in religious views he is a Methodist, as is also his wife. Socially he belongs to Hershel Lodge, No. 134, I. O. O. F., and he is also a member of the O. U. A. M., and the B. P. O. E. Mr. Johnson has taken a leading posi- tion in the community as a man of integrity, public spirit and genial character, and his friends are legion. In March, 1884, Mr. Johnson was united m mar- riage with Allan M. Tompkins, who was born in Haddonfield, N. J., a daughter of Andrew and Sallie Jane Tompkins. Five children blessed this union, Orville W., Nelson C, George K., Ruth and Kirk Devon. FREDERICK SAMUEL ENGLE, of the firm of F. S. Engle & Bro., millers, at Engleside, a southern suburb of Lancaster, has his home at No. 142 South Queen street, in one of the seven elegant dwelling-houses which his father, the late Frederick Engle, built. Frederick Engle was born July 11, 1835, and died Dec. 19, 1899. He was one of the best known citi- zens of Lancaster, and did much to aid not only in the material improvement of the city, but in that of the suburbs as well. Having bought the old Greaff hotel property, and much other property about GreafFs Landing, Mr. Engle proceeded to improve it, rebuilding the hotel and equipping it after the fashion of the best city hotels, providing electric lights, call bells, etc. He also planted a grove of young trees, now grown to fine proportions, and making the place one of the most delightful resorts in the section. Mr. Engle received a common-school education, and worked in the cotton mills until sev- enteen years of age, at which time he was apprenticed to learn the trade of a molder. He went to New Orleans, and for about six months in 1857 worked at his trade in that city, then returning to Lancaster, where he pursued his trade until 1861, when he en- listed in the loth P. V. I., becoming a member of Company E. He served in the three months call, after which he re-enlisted in Company K, 79th P. V. I. He served three years, and participated in all the battles in which his regiment was engaged. He was mustered out as sergeant after a four-years' service for his country. During the whole time of the Civil war he was never sick or wounded, and made an excellent soldier. Mr. Engle engaged in the bottling business from 1871 until 1897, from which time he lived retired until his death, in 1899. Mr. Engle married Elizabeth Suter, daughter of 5Q Rudolph Suter, who years ago kept a shoe store in East King street. Of this union five children were born, three of whom are living, as follows : Cather- ine, wife of E. H. Rowley; Lewis Hartman, asso- ciated with his brother in the flour-mill business ; and Frederick Samuel. Frederick Samuel Engle, who can boast of an- cestors who were patriots in the Revolutionary war, was born in Lancaster Sept. 17, 1871. The public schools afforded him facilities for a good education, and when he left the class-room it was to assist his father in the bottling business. On April i, 1901, Mr. Engle, associated with his brother, Lewis Flart- man Engle, took possession of the well-equipped modern gristmill at' Engleside which had been their father's, and which became theirs by inheritance. Here they have built up an excellent business, which is constantly on the increase. Mr. Engle is a member of Lancaster Aerie, of th^ Fraternal Order of B'agles. His name appears on the membership roll of the Reformed Church, and he takes an active interest in religious work. Politically he is an ardent Republican. Liberal in all things, and of genial, kindly nature, Frederick S. Engle is of the type of men to which his father be- longed — whole-souled and deservedly popular. GILBERT SMITH. The Smith family of Dru- more township has long been one highly esteemed in this locality, and one of its most worthy members is Gilbert Smith, of Liberty Square, a prominent farmer of this neighborhood. Gilbert Smith was born in this township, Oct. 13, 185 1, a son of Preston and Hannah (Carter) Smith, deceased. Their ancestry reaches back to both Scot- land and Ireland. Preston Smith was a son of Sam- uel Srtiith, who reared four of his five children to maturity, Preston, born in 1816, died March 3, 1883 ; and Howard, Elizabeth and Samuel, all of whom have also passed out of life. Preston Smith was united in .marriage, Feb. i, 1844, to Hannah Carter, of Martic township, born in 1821, and died Nov. 5, 1894. She was a daugh- ter of Alexander Carter, of Martic township, and she became the devoted mother of eight children: Edwin, born Jan. 28, 1845, died in 185 1; Albert, born May 8, 1846, is a farmer of this township, and he married Harriet Martin; Elmyra, born in 1848, died in 1850; Kersey, born in 1849, died in 1850; Gilbert; Oliver, born in 1853, died in 1864; Clar- inda, born Sept. 18, 1855, is the wife of J. Mar- tin Ankrim, of this township; and Nora, wha v/as born Oct. 5, 1863, married George H. Brown, of Little Britain, more extended notice of whom is given in his sketch. During life Preston Smith was a well-known citizen, a Republican in his politics, and a Quaker in his religious belief. Reared in a pious and intelligent home, Gilbert Smith was equipped with good principles when he started out in life for himself, although his means were limited. His education had been acquired in the 930 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY common schools, and after leaving his books he started out for himself as a farmer boy. By the ex- ercise of economy, energy and honesty, he graduall}' accumulated means, until now he owns one of the finest farms of the township, consisting of Ii8 acres, well cultivated and suitably improved. On Oct. 8, 1887, Gilbert Smith was married to Elizabeth Rea, of Sadsbury township, a daughter of William and Sarah (Draucker) Rea, of Scotch-Irish and German ancestry. This family was one of the prominent ones in the early settlement of Lancaster county, James Rea, the great-grandfather, a son of an early settler, having located on the farm which is still in the possession of the family. Two children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Smith, Horace Rea, born March 11, 1890; and Eugene Carter, born June 13, 1895. Nine children were born to the par- ents of Mrs. Smith : Amor, a farmer of Bart town- ship; Mary, the wife of Samuel G. Fogle, of this county ; Hannah, who resides on the old home place ; Philip D., a farmer of this township, whose sketch appears in another part of this volume ; Adam F., a farmer of Sadsbury township ; Sara A., a teacher in the Lancaster county schools ; Elizabeth J., born Feb. 27, 1858 ; S. Emma, single, living at home ; and James, who is a teacher in a college, in New York City. William Rea was born March 5, 181 1, and died Oct. 14, 1881 ; his wife was born Aug. 27, 1819, and died Nov. 8, 1889. While he does not belong to any particular sect, Mr. Smith believes in all moral influences, and fol- lows out in his life the precepts he learned in early years. His wife is a member of the Chestnut Level Presbyterian Church. In politics Mr. Smith is a stanch Republican and has been active in his party because he thoroughly believes in its principles, but he is no seeker for office. GEORGE BAIR HERSHEY, M. D. Among the prominent and representative citizens of Gap, Pa., is Dr. Georg'e Bair Hershey, who is well known in this locality both as a physician and as an edu- cator. He was born Nov. 28, 1872, in Buyerstown, Lancaster county, son of Josiah and Mary Ann (Her- shey) Plershey, of Lancaster county. Dr. Hershey was reared on the farm and re- mained with his parents until he was seventeen years old. His primary education was obtained in the com- mon schools, and this was supplemented with one session in Parkesburg Academv and one year of student life. 1890-1891, in the Millersville State Normal School.' The young man then engaged in teaching, first in Bareville, where he continued one year, and then went to New Milltown, where he taught two years, going thence to Harmony School, at Gap, where, after one year of teaching he organ- ized the Gap Academy. This institution became very popular with Dr. Hershey as principal, and Ralph Yoder, vice-principal. Thfe first year enrolled sixty- seven pupils, and more applied for admission who could not be accommodated. After teaching through the first two sessions at the Academy, in 1895-1896, Dr. Plershey entered upon the study of medicine, living on the farm with his parents a part of the time. For six months he read under the supervision of Dr. G. W. H. Frew, of Paradise township, and further prepared for entrance to the University of Pennsyl- vania where he remained four terms, graduating in 1900. During the summer of 1899 Dr. Hershey took a special course of surgical training under the per- sonal supervision of Dr. Joseph Spellissy, at the Pennsylvania Hospital, in Philadelphia. While at college he defrayed his expenses in part by getting out a set of questions on dissecting-room anatomy; by assisting the publisher in the preparation of a manual of Therapeutics, and one on special surgery ; and by private tutoring. On Aug. 7th, following his graduation, he located for practice in Gap where he has remained. Dr. Hershey has shown skill and a high order of ability in his profession, and he num- bers among his patients many of the leading families of this locality. He has been prominent in Sunday school work, and for one year was local secretary of the Lancaster County Sunday School, and in 1894 was president of the Gap Local Institute. Dr. Hershey belongs to the Old Mennonite Church. In politics he is a Republican and is one of the progres- sive and public-spirited citizens of Gap. On C)ct. 31, 1900, in Philadelphia, Dr. Hershey was married by Rev. Chas. Mervine, to Miss Anna M. Portner, born in Gap, Pa., daughter of Edward and Elizabeth (Simpson) Portner, the former of whom was born in New York City, son of Henry N. and Marie (Haenchen) Portner. Henry N. Port- ner was born in Bavaria, Germany, and was a son of Conrad Portner, a native of Switzerland, who died in Bavaria. Henry N. Portner died in Phila- delphia, in 1870, at the age of forty-five years, and was buried in that city. In 1830, in Zweibruecken, Germany, Henry N. Portner was married to Marie Haenchen, and in 1832 they came to America where Mr. Portner followed the cabinet-making trade in New York City for five years. In 1837 he removed to Philadelphia. He and wife were members of the German Reformed Church. Their children were: Edward, the father of Mrs. Hershey ; and Miss Caro- line, of Salisbury township. In 1873 Edward Portner came with his family to Lancaster county and settled on a farm in Salisbury township. He was an artist by profession, and had for a considerable period been proprietor of a dry- goods store, but when his health failed he removed to the country in the hope that the fresh air and change of occupation would enable him to regain it. However, he died in 1883, at the age of fifty years, and was interred in Bellevue cemetery. In 1870, in Philadelphia, Edward Portner was married to Miss Elizabeth Simpson, who still survives and resides on the farm in Salisbury township. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Portner consisted of these well-known inembers : Marie, who married iloward M. Scott, a farmer near Sadsburyville, Chester Co., Pa. • Ed- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ^31 ward J., who is a chemist in Philadelphia; Henry, who is a druggist in Gap; Anna M., the wife of Dr. Hershey ; William, who is in the life insurance business in Philadelphia ; and Miss Lena, at home. Dr. and Mrs. Hershey have one child, Margaret Elizabeth, born Jan. 15, 1902. DAVID L. GARBER, one of the substantial farmers. of East Donegal township, was born in this township Aug. 31, 1855, a son of Benjamin and Fianna (Landis) Garber. Benjamin Garber (or Gerber, as he chose to spell the name) was born in East Donegal township July II, 181 8, and died July 18, 1900, his burial being in Kraybill cemetery. His occupation through life was that of a farmer, and he was a man who took much interest in the affairs of the township, serving most efficiently as supervisor. For twenty-eight years prior to his death, he lived a retired life. He mar- ried Fianna Landis, who was born in Manheim town- ship, and who died in October, 1893. Both of these estimable people were members of the Kraybill Church, near which they now rest. The children born to Benjamin and wife were : Israel, Jacob and Barbara, who all died young; Anna, who married Joseph L. Risser, of Mt. Joy township ; Benjamin L., a retired farmer on the old homestead in East Don- egal township ; Fianna, who married Clement K. Brubaker; and David L., of this biography. The paternal grandparents of David L. Garber were Jacob and Barbara (Miller) Garber, both of whom died on the old farm on which Benjamin now resides. Their children were : Benjamin; Andrew; Barbara, who married John Nissley ; Elizabeth, who married Isaac Hershey. All of them have passed away. The maternal grandparents were Benjamin and Anna (Long) Landis, of Lancaster county, and the former was a farmer and miller in Manheim township,, where both he and his wife died, having lived Christian lives, as members of the Old Men- nonite Church. Their children were: Fianna, de- ceased; Elizabeth, the widow of John Hess, of Manor township ; Maria, deceased, the wife of Levi Getz ; Fanny, who married Samuel Hess, deceased ; Nancy, who married Samuel Hershey, and resides near Strasburg ; Amelia, who married Michael Nolt, deceased; Benjamin, a retired farmer of Lancaster; Henry and Isaac, deceased; Israel, unmarried, an inventor, living retired in Chicago, 111. ; and Daniel, deceased, who was a farmer of "Manheim township. David L. Garber remained under the parental roof until he was twenty-four years of age, employed in agricultural pursuits, and he then took charge of his present farm, which then consisted of 132 acres, to which he has added until now he has under culti- vation 1 54 acres, one of the best farms in this local- ity. Here Mr. Garber has lived a quiet, industrious life, has voted the Republican ticket and taken a good citizen's interest in public affairs, and has been one of the most highly regarded members of the Mennonite Church. In October, 1879, Mr. Garber was married to Emma S. Plershey, and two sons have been born to them, Benjamin F. and J. Hoffman. The birth of Mrs. Garber occurred in West Hempfield township, Sept. 26, 1855. Her parents were J. Hoffman and Barbara (Brenneman) Hershey, natives of West Hempfield and of Manor townships, respectively. For many years Mr. Hershey was one of the most prominent farmers of West Hempfield township, and accumulated substance ; in middle life he was one of the organizers of the First National Bank, of Man- heim, and became its cashier, so continuing until his health failed and he retired from business cares. He survived for twenty years, beloved and esteemed by all. His interest in educational matters was marked, and he served as school director and did much for his locality. His lamented death occurred in West Hempfield township, near Salunga, April ir, 1896, and his remains were reverently interred in the cem- etery in Landisville. His presence was missed from the Mennonite Church, where his place was seldom vacant. The mother, who was born Nov. 3, 1824, resides on the old home place. The family born to Mr. and Mrs. Hershey num- bered ten children: Frances, who married Harry M. Mayer, surveyor and conveyancer, and also far- mer, of Rohrerstown; Rebecca A., who married Hebron Herr, a retired farmer of Lancaster ; Simon A., who resides with his mother ; Amos B., who mar- ried Rebecca Bones, and died in 1897 ; Emma S. ; Mary E., who married Frank M. Herr, a retired farmer and Mennonite preacher, of West Lampeter township : Martha J., who married Cyrus G. Fry, a farmer of Rapho township ; Barbara A., deceased, who married Levi K. Brubaker, a_ retired farmer of Lititz ; J. Hoffman, who died in 18S6; and Abraham, who died young. ENOS B. WEAVER. One of the prominent general farmers and truckers of Upper Leacock township is Enos B. Weaver, who is a native of East Lampeter township, where he was born Dec. 13, 1865, a son of Aaron and Susannah (Houser) Weaver, natives of West Lampeter township. Aaron Weaver remained in West Lampeter where he was born in 1840, until in the spring of 1864, when he mioved to East Lampeter, where he remained until the death of his wife, Sfept. 9, 1895, at the age of fifty-four. He then retired and moved to Lancaster. Both he and his wife were long con- nected with the Mennonite Church. The children born to them were : Enos B„ of this sketch ; Jacob, who conducts a greenhouse on the old homestead; Lizzie, who married Ephraim H. Stoner, a farmer of Strasburg township ; Harry, a farmer of East Lampeter township ; Fanny, who married Christ M. Brubaker, a farmer of East Lampeter ; Ida, who married Amos R. Landis, of East Lampeter ; Anna, who resides with the above named sister ; Mary, who resides with her sister, Mrs. Brubaker; and Ella, who lives with her sister, Mrs. Stoner. 932 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY After he reached his majority our subject, Enos B. Weaver, went to Oregon, Pa., where he operated a greenhouse, raising flowers and early vegetables for the market, remaining there for two years and then coming to his present location in the spring of 1 90 1. \A'^hile in Oregon our subject met the esti- mable and intelligent lady who, in May, 1899, became his wife — Miss Susan S. Shank — and to this union one daughter. Mary S., has been born. Mrs. Weaver was bom in Pequea township, this county, a daugh- ter of Jacob R. and Mary S. (Stoner) Shank, the former of whom was born in 1828, and the latter in 1S32. Mr. Shank is a retired farmer and both he and wife belong to the Mennonite Church. Their children were: Jacob S., on the old homestead; Mary S., deceased; John S., a hardware clerk in Lancaster ; Susan S., the wife of Mr. Weaver. The paternal grandfather was John Shank, of Lancaster county, who was thrice married ; the grandmother of Mrs. Weaver was, in her maidenhood, Miss Rush. Mrs. Weaver began -teaching school at the age of seventeen, being so engaged at the time of her marriage ; she is a lady of taste, education and re- finement. In politics Mr. Weaver is an ardent Re- publican, atid both he and wife are valued members of the Mennonite Church, and highly respected through the neighborhood. WALTER BAER WEIDLER, M. D., is now located at No. 128 North Duke street, Lancaster, in the offices that for forty-three years were occupied by the late Dr. J. Aug. Ehler. In the paternal line Dr. Weidler comes from a very old Lancaster county family, his grandfather, Henry Weidler, having been a farmer of Mechanics- burg. Prof. H. C- Weidler, son of Henry, is the widely known and popular educator, who has graduated so many hundreds from his business college. He mar- ried Mary Ann Baer, daughter of William Baer, a farmer of Intercourse, and this union was blessed with the following named children : Alice, wife of Clarence A. Krouse, general manager of the Ameri- can Fire Insurance Company, Philadelphia; Milton Baer, a clerk in New York City ; and Dr. Walter B., of Lancaster. Mrs. Mary Ann (Baer) Weidler is descended from Conrad Rutter, 'who went to England from Prussia in 1683, and then emigrated to America, making the voyage to this country in company with Francis Daniel Pastorius, in the ship "America," which landed at Philadelphia Aug. 20, 1683. He was of the original thirteen families who laid out Germantown on Oct. 12, 1683. After some time in Germantown Conrad Rutter located in what is now known as Pittston, where he remained until, in 1716, he came to this county, settling in Leacock. He took up 588 acres of land on a grant from Williarn Penn, and" this land was afterward divided among his three sons, one of whom, Joseph, was Dr. Weidler's great- great-grandfather, and whose eldest son, Henry, married Elizabeth Schultze, first cousin of Gov. Schultze, of Pennsylvania. As early as 1729 Con- rad Rutter helped found the first Episcopal Church in the eastern part of Lancaster county ; and Joseph Rutter, from whom Dr. Weidler is descended, built one of the first schoolhouses in Leacock township. Walter Baer Weidler, M. D., was born in Me- chanicsburg Oct. 14, 1873, and after attending the public schools of his district came to Lancaster, and was graduated from his father's business college, where, for two years after graduation, he was as- sistant instructor. In October, 1894, he began the study of medicine, in the University of Pennsyl- vania, from which he was graduated in June, 1898. After spending eight months as house surgeon in the Philadelphia Home for the Incurables, and one and one-half years as house surgeon in the Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Dr. Weidler went to. Europe, where he took up the special study of Eye,. Ear, Nose and Throat, pursuing his studies for six months in Vienna, two months in Berlin, and four months in London, returning to his old home in Lancaster on July 9, 1901. B. FRANK HEISE, general farmer and pro- prietor of Heise's Locust Grove Dairy, a farm com- prising 132 acres and located in West Hempfield township, one mile east of Columbia, was born on this tract Feb. 17, 1845, ^ son of Harry and Hannah (Heidler) Heise. Harry Heise was born on the present homestead, and Mrs. Hannah Heise was born in Marietta, in the same township. The father died in February, 1862, when fifty-eight years old, and the mother died in Cohimbia, aged sixty-five years, in December, 1877, having resided in that city for seven years prior to her death, and in that city the remains of both parents rest side by side. To Harry and Han- nah (Heidler) Heise were born seven children, viz. r Harry, who was chief burgess of Columbia, and was killed on the electric railway Aug. 9, 1896 ; Elizabeth, wife of Jonas H. Nolt, a farmer of West Hempfield township; William, who died young; B. Frank, whose name opens this article ; Anna M., who died when fourteen years old; Salinda H., widow of John Wilmot, of Washington, D. C. ; and Sally, deceased wife of Jacob P. Agnew. B. Frank Heise lived until 1854 on that part of the home farm which he at present occupies, and then moved with his parents to another part of the prem- ises, where he remained until 1867, and then returned to his present home. On Dec. 5, 1867, he was married in Reading, Pa., to Miss Fanny Swarr, and to them have been born four children, viz : Emma, wife of William F. Yohn, of West Hempfiela township; Harry, at home ; Edward, a traveling salesman, who was suffocated in the disaster at the Park Avenue Hotel, New York, Feb. 21, 1902, when twenty-six years old ; and Ella, wife of Howard Smoker, a drug- gist of Mt. Joy. Mrs. Fanny (Swarr) Heise was born in East BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 933 Hempfield township, a daughter of John and Susan (Frick) Swarr, the former of whom was a school director in East Hempfield, was a farmer by voca- tion, and for many years prior to his death led a re- tired life. He died in the Mennohite faith, and his remains were interred in East Petersburg. To John and Susan Swarr were born nine children, namely : Aaron, deceased ; Benjamin, a retired farmer of East Hempfield township ; Eliza, widow of Henry Hershey, of the same township ; Mary A., of Landis- ville; Susan, widow of Christian Hershey, also of Landisville ; Mattie, wife of Daniel Forrey, a farmer at Millersville ; Sarah, who married H. G. Bowers, of East Hempfield town.ship ; Barbara, wife of Christ Miller, a retired hotel man, of Neffsville ; and Fanny, Mrs. Heise. B. Frank Heise is one of the most progressive, as well as one of the most prominent and popular men of his township. In politics a Republican, he has been auditor of his township for the past seven years, and a school director for six years ; was a •director of the Columbia Wagon Works for several years ; and in iqoi was elected a director of the Cen- tral National Bank, of Columbia. As a farmer he has but few equals in the county. Since 1865 the grove on the farm, known as Heise's picnic grounds, lias been used as pleasure grounds, having been pre- pared for that purpose by Mr. Heise, who has erected pavilions, etc., on the premises. The grounds are known all over this part of Lancaster county as the popular resort of the section. Fraternally Mr. Heise is a Freemason, and a Heptasoph, and socially he and his family stand high in the esteem of the com- munity, in which they have so long lived. JACOB DENLINGER, an old and prominent farmer of Leacock township, Lancaster county, where he is highly respected and esteemed for his many manly and honorable qualities, was born in Paradise township, Oct. 30, 1849, ^ son of John and Mary (Brubaker) Denlinger, both of whom were natives of Lancaster countv. John Denlinger died in Paradise township, Feb. 5, 1892, at the age of seventy-seven years, eleven months and twenty-two days ; his widow passed to her rest Sept. 12, 1893, at the age of seventy-seven years, nine months and eighteen days. John Den- linger was a man of considerable orominence in his active days, and held public position, being both school director and supervisor. The remains of both him and his wife rest in the cemeterv connected with the Hershey Church in Salisburv township. They were the parents of the following children : Barbara "had her home in Paradise township until her death, June 19. 1902, when she was aged sixtv-six years, one month and twenty-five days ; Samuel B. is a re- tired farmer in Paradise township ; Lizzie is the widow of Elias'Leaman, and resides in Leacock township ; Elias is a resident of Salisburv township ; Simon married Anna M. Leaman, since deceased, and resides in Leacock township ; Mary married H. E. Musser ; Jacob is a farmer of Leacock township ; Esaias is a farmer of Paradise township ; John is liv- ing retired in Paradise township, and is unmarried ; Tobias married Lizzie Eby, and died in 1898, at the age of forty-three ; Christie Ann is the wife of Henry Hershey; and Evaline married A. H. Hostetter, an implement merchant of Intercourse, Pennsylvania. Jacob Denlinger was married Nov. 24, 1874, in Gap, Pa., to Susannah Eby, by whom he has had the following children : Henry E., who was married Nov. 12, 1902, to Amy Grofif, of Upper Leacock township ; Lizzie M. ; John M. ; Jacob P. ; Willis B. ; Tobias S. Mrs. Jacob Denlinger was born in Salisbury township, Nov. 12, 1852, a daughter of Peter and Magdalina (Musser) Eby, born in Salisbury and Earl townships, respectively. Her father, who is a farmer in Salisbury township, was born in 1824, a son of Henry and Susannah (Sensenig) Eby, of Lancaster county. Her mother, who was a daughter of Henry and Anna (Martin) Musser, of Lancas- ter county, died in 1864, at the age of thirty-three. They were both members of the Mennonite Church, and were the parents of the following family : Menna S. died at the age of eighteen years ; Anna died when three years old : John is a farmer in Earl township ; Elizabeth is the widow of Tobias Denlinger ; Mag- delina married Israel Hershey, of Paradise town- ship ; and Mary married Samuel Sechrist, a farmer in East Lampeter township. Jacob Denlinger remained with his parents until his marriage, when he settled on a farm in East Hempfield township, which he was engaged in culti- vating some six years. At the end of that period he removed to his present home place, which comprises some ninety acres, in a fine state of tillage. He also owns another farm, and is well ofif. Both he and his wife belong to the Mennonite Church, of which he is a trustee at the present time. In politics he is a Repttblican, and holds an enviable place in the esti- mation of his neighbors, who know him well, and speak highly of his honest character, industrious habits, and genial disyjosition. DANIEL D. GRAUL, one of the best, known citizens of the town of Penryn, Pa., traces his an- cestry back to Germany, his great-grandfather hav- ing come to America from that country. John Graul, his grandfather, was born in Berks cotmty, and spent his whole life there, for many years working as a laborer in the Reading car repair shops. By trade he was an excellent brickmaker. His mar- riage was to Anna Prince, and their children, five sons and five daughters, were : Daniel, in the brick business : William, also engaged in the brick busi- ness ; Henry, a hatter, in Reading ; Frederick, a car- penter in car shops, who became the father of Daniel D. ; John, a laborer ; Emma, the wife of William Nachtrieb ; Hettie, the wife of Geat Weidner ; Susan, the wife of William Achenbach ; Catherine, who died single ; and Caroline, who married William Gundry. 934 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Frederick Graiil, son of John, was born in Berks county, in 1839. In early life he learned the car- penter trade and followed this until his death, Jan. 26, 1866. His marriage was to Sophia Greider, and they had a family of four children : Harry, who is associated with Daniel D., in his work ; Joseph, who is a boss baker, and is employed at the State Asylum at Wernersville, Berks Co., Pa. ; Grant L., who is a cigarmaker of Reading ; and Daniel, of this sketch. Daniel D. Graul was born in Reading, Pa., Jan. 18, 1862, and was left without a father's care at the early age of five years. Until he was ten years old he went to school, and then went to work in an en- deavor to add to the family resources, in the Jack- sons Rope Works, at Reading, where he remained until his mother moved with her little family to Lititz, Lancaster county. Here the ambitious and in- dustrious lad soon obtained employment in the Lititz brickyard where he remained for four years, after this going to learn the baker's trade with William Bollinger, remaining for four years, thoroughly learning this business also. For six years Mr. Graul worked as a journeyman, and in 1887 started into business for himself at Penryn, and so well has he succeeded that he has remained ever since in this pleasant village. By close and careful attention to his business, he has built up a large and constantly increasing trade, his wares taking the place of others previously put upon the market, and relieving many of the cares of the modern housewife. Mr. Graul was married to Miss Emma Eaby, a daughter of Henry and Anna Eaby. Fraternally he is connected with the I. O. O. F., No. 657, of Man- heim, and the K. of P., No. 253, of Lititz. Mr. Graul is one of the progressive young business men of this neighborhood, and has won his place in the business world by his own efforts, possessing now not only a fine patronage in his chosen line, but also the respect and esteem of his fellow-citizens. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BARNETT, of Fairfield Village Green, is a most worthy citizen of Drumore township, where he carries on a successful blacksmith business. He was born in this township July 6, 1857, a son of James and Emily (Ritchie) Barnett, also natives of this township, and of Scotch- Irish ancestry. James Barnett, the father, reared twelve children, but only six of these grew to maturity: Joseph, a blacksmith of C^hestnut Level, married Harriet Shank; James, a railroad conductor, married Mar- garet Brown, and lives in Renova, Clinton Co., Pa. ; Charles, a resident of Conowingo, Md. ; Mary, the wife of Clark Bishop, of Chestnut Level ; Louisa, of Drumore township; and Benjamin Franklin, of this sketch. James Barnett was born in 1820 and spent his life as a farmer, was prominent in the Methodist Church, and was a Democrat in his political belief. His widow still survives, living in Centerville, Pa., in her seventy-sixth year. The successful business career of Mr. Barnett should be an inspiration to others who are obliged to submit to the disadvantages of limited means in youth. At the age of fourteen years he went into the blacksiTiith shop belonging to Mr. Hensel, and re- mained there for three years, or until he had mastered every detail of this business. Then, without a dollar, he started out courageously for himself, and estab- lished a shop in Fairfield, where, by energy, economy and industry, he has earned a most comfortable home and shop, and all the expensive tools necessary to his trade. Mr. Barnett was united in marriage on April 6; 1883, to Sarah L. Brown, of Drumore township, born Feb. 13, 1855, a daughter of John S. and Sarah (Hellam) Brown, of Eden township. Mr. and Mrs. Brown reared a family of five children : Margaret, who married James Barnett, she now being deceased ; Clara, who married Aldus Rineer, of Lancaster; Sarah L., the wife of our subject ; William, deceased ; and John, of Lancaster. A commingling of Eng- lish, Scotch and Irish blood was in the Brown an- cestry. Both parents have passed away. The two children born to Mr. and Mrs. Barnett are : Scott B., born Nov. 24, 1885 ; and Elsie, born Feb. 27, 1888, both bright and beautiful, as well as intelligent, children. Mr. Barnett has been a life-long Democrat, while in religious connection both he and wife attend, and most heartily support, the Methodist Church. Mrs. Barnett has assisted her husband by her housewifely skill, and is much esteemed in the neighborhood. Socially he is connected with the I. O. O. F., where he is valued. Perhaps no family in the village en- joys more thoroughly the high esteem of the com- munity than does that of Benjamin Franklin Barnett. JOSEPH G. RANKIN, one of -the leading and stibstantial men of Martic township, who has been prominently identified with its a.gricultural interests- for a number of years, was born Oct. 17, 1842, in Conestoga township, this county, son of Samuel and Catherine (Goodman) Rankin. Samuel Rankin, the father, was a son of Rankin, whose father was one of six brothers of the name who came to America frorri Ireland, about 13a years ago. Their descendants have become widely scattered, and many of the name have been prom- inent in various walks of life. Samuel Rankin was. also born in Conestoga township, carried on farming and married Catherine Goodman. They had these children born to them: Samuel; Jacob; Annie; Mary, the wife of Abraham Good ; Frederick ; Dan- iel ; and Joseph G., of this sketch. Samuel Rankin belonged to the Mennonite Church and was a highly- respected man. _ Joseph G. Rankin was reared on a farm, and ob- tained his education in the public schools of his dis- trict. He proved his loyalty to his country by en- listing in her service in 1864, entering the 203d P. V. I., and participating in a number of severely con- tested battles, being honorably discharged in July, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 935 1865, with an excellent record. Mr. Rankin has been verj' successful in carrying out his enterprises. Although he began life for himself with limited means, his industry and business ability have re- sulted in a very substantial standing in his com- munity. Mr. Rankin owns a fine farm of eighty- eight acres of well improved land, a handsome brick dwelling, and also one of the best paying lime quar- ries in the township. He has been engaged in the lime business quite extensively. On Sept. 15, 1873, Mr. Rankin married Miss Elizabeth Itshleman, and a family of fourteen chil- dren was born to them, ten of these still surviving: Samuel E. ; Susan ; Jacob ; Henry ; Martin ; Mary E. ; Joseph , Edward ; Chester ; and George. Cath- erine, Till, Lydia and William died young. Mrs. Rankin was born in 1854, and was one of a family of twelve children, the nine survivors being : Mar- tin, Daniel, Elizabeth, Jacob, Susan, George, Eli, Lydia and Mary. Mr. Rankin is not only an excellent farmer, but he is also a progressive and useful citizen. In 1897 he was elected school director, and still serves, do- mg all in his power to advance educational matters in his district. He belongs to the Old -Mennonite Church. In politics he is a Republican. Mr. Rankin is regarded as one of the leading citizens of the town- ship and is known to be a kind neighbor, and a man who looks well after the welfare of his family and com]nunity. B. BARTON WITMER, a general merchant of Quarryville, was born May 10, 1861, son of Benja- min and Lydia (Lefever) Witmer. Benjamin Witmer was born near Quarryville, in Bart township, in 1835, and his wife was born in 1839, and was the daughter of Daniel and Lizzie Le- fever, a prominent family, of Lancaster county. Benjamin was the son of David and Elizabeth (Macumpsey) Witmer. David Witmer's first wife was Hannah Hastings, who died soon after marriage, leaving one daughter, Elizabeth A., who is still liv- ing and is the wife of Adam Mowrer, of Quarry- ville. David's second wife bore him eleven children, of whom', Benjamin, father of our subject, grew to manhood and was educated in Lancaster county. When a young man he was engaged in general mer- chandising in Quarryville, his being the first store in this section of the countv. He remained in this business until after the death of his wife, who left eight children. He then removed to Colerain town- ship, where he entered the business of tobacco buying and shipping in large quantities, to Eastern markets. Mr. Witmer engaged in this occupation until a short time prior to his death. He was widely and favorably known for his integrity and good business qualities. He made many friends and very few enemies. The family left are' as follows : Franklin, deceased, was born in Quarryville, in 1856, and married Miss Ella Reese, of Quarryville ; he worked at his trade of cab- inet-maker" during life, and died, in 1898, leaving a wife but no children. Jennie was born in 1858, and is the widow of Witmer Lefever, deceased, who .re- sided in Lancaster city; they had two sons, Ross and William. B. Barton was the next child. Ella was a twin sister to our subject, and is the wife of Edward Gaston, who resides in York City, Pa., and has a family of three children, as follows : Robert, Hyat and Guy. Amy was born in June, 1868, and is the widow of Miller Smith, of Philadelphia, in which city she resides with her three children, Roy, Clara and Pascal. George was born in 1870, grew up and married a lady of New York, in which city they now reside. Ettie was born in 1872, and is the wife of Plerbert Adams of Lancaster ; she has one daughter. Leafy. Charles was born in 1875, and married Etta Helm, and they reside in Georgetown, where he is engaged in business ; they have one daughter, Leta. B. Barton Witmer was educated in the schools of Lancaster county, and, when a boy of sixteen years, he commenced work as a journeyman miller, working at that trade for seven years. In December, 1882, he married Miss Katie Anderson, of Lancaster county, and daughter of Robert and Sarah Anderson, old settlers of Lancaster, who were born in Ire- land, "and moved to this country fifty years ago. Mrs. Witmer was born in Lancaster .county in 1863. After marriage Mr. Witmer lived on a farm near Drumore for four years. In 18S7 he engaged in a small way as a general merchant and in the produce business, and from a small beginning he has become one of the leading dealers in the place, carrying a large stock of goods. In 1894 he built himself a fine brick house, modern in every respect. From a poor boy Mr. Witmer has become a man of importance in his community. He is well-to-do and prosperous in all his undertakings. He has two children : Sadie O., born Aug. 22, 1884, is a graduate of the High School and a bright young lady; Chester A., born Aug. 22, 1887, is a student in the home schools. In politics Mr. Witmer has always^ been identified with the Democratic party. He and his family are members of the Reformed Church. Mr. Witmer is a popular man in his town, and well thought of by all who know liim. PHARES K. LANDIS owns and operates a threshing machine in West Donegal township, where he is also engaged in general farming on the old parental homestead. He was born near Neffsville, Lancaster county, July 15, 1865, son of John F. and Magdelina (Keller) Landis, whose personal history forms the subject of an interesting sketch elsewhere. Phares K. Landis was married Nov. 30, 1886, at the home of the bride in West Donegal township, to Lizzie L. Heisey. This union has been blessed with two children: Simon H., born July 19, 1889; and Lizzie H., born Sept. 12, 1892. Mrs. Lizzie L. Lan- dis was born in West Donegal township, and is a sister of W. L. Heisev, of that township. Her par- ents, Jacob W. Heisey and Fanny Longenecker, 936 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY were married in Lancaster, in 1868, by Rev. J. J. Strine ; her father Hved to be almost ninety years of age. Phares K. Landis spent his childhood and youth with his parents, and was afforded such educational privileges as their circumstances permitted. An alert and keen-eyed business man, he has made his way in the world, and holds a good position in the judgment of the public. In the spring of 1887 he began cultivating the parental homestead on his own responsibility. For the last twelve years he has operated two steam threshers with marked success. Mr. Landis is a member of the Mennonite Church. He takes no part in political affairs. ABRAHAM L. LEAMAN, manufacturer of umbrellas and umbrella handles, ex-manufacturer of paints, and owner of one of the finest farms in East Lampeter township, was born in East Lampeter Feb. 16, 1853, and has been a resident of Lancaster since 1889. Joseph and Mary (Landis) Leaman, his parents, were farming people during their active lives, in Lampeter. They were born Jan. 14, 1828, and Feb. I, 1825, and died Oct. 8, 1857, and March 31, 1.860, respectively. To them were born the following chil- dren : Lydia, who died at the age of eighteen ; Mary A., who died at the age of nineteen; Benjamin F., who died when twenty-eight years of age ; Abraham L. ; and Joseph, a retired farmer and ex-merchant of Lancaster. The paternal grandparents were Ben- jamin and Barbara Leaman, and the maternal grand- parents were Abraham and Barbara Landis. Both of Mr. Leaman's grandfathers devoted their lives to farming and stockraising, the latter living on the well-known Landis farm, which has furnished a live- lihood to so many bearing the name. The family of Landis is supposed to have originated in Switzer- land ; at least several generations of the family lived among the mountains and valleys of that country. The youth of Abraham -L. Leaman was spent in a manner not unlike that of the average farm reared boy, yet he was more ambitious than many, and when his duty to the family and home interests terminated when he became of age, he started out on a tour of inspection through Ohio, Missouri and Illinois. Finding no locality that offered inducements supe- rior to his native surroundings, he returned to East Lampeter, and purchased what was- known as the Evergreen Dairy Farm, of forty-seven acres, advan- tageously located on the Conestoga river, within easy access of the city, and now under a high state of cultivation — a vast improvement over its state at the time of purchase, at which time the price was $300 per acre. There is a two and a half story brick house, besides the other well constructed buildings on the farm, and the implements and general appur- tenances are of the most advanced kind to be found on the market. After leaving the active management of his farm to other parties, Mr. Leaman engaged in the manu- facture of paint, conducting the Lancaster Paint Works in partnership with D. L. Harnish, in Lan- caster, their factory being located at No. 338 North Charlotte street, the store on Center Square, in the old New Era building, formerly the old "Swan Ho- tel." Mr. Leaman continued thus until October, 1900, when he disposed of the business to S. M. Boyd & Co. He then retired until April, 1902, when he started a manufactory for umbrellas and umbrella handles, with a capital stock of $12,000. This enterprise bids fair to meet with the success which has been characteristic of all Mr. Leaman's business efforts, which have placed him in a substan- tial position in the community of Lancaster. He was a charter member of the Lancaster Board of Trade, and of the Land & Development Company. In October, 1881, Mr. Leaman married Anna Rohrer, daughter of Peter and Mary (Wissler) Rohrer, the former a farmer during his active life. He died in March, 1900, at the age of seventy-two, and Mrs. Rohrer, who was born in Clay township in 1836, is now living in Petersburg, Pa. Mr. and Mrs. Rohrer had the following named children: Anna, Mrs. Leaman; Barbara E., wife of Edward Houser, of York, Pa. ; Jacob W., a retired farmer of Petersburg; and P. Bachman, a farmer of East Petersburg. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Leaman were Jacob and Mary (Bachman) Rohrer, the former of whom was a veterinary surgeon known for miles around his home ; and her maternal grand- parents were Jacob and Barbara Wissler, the former a farmer of Clay township, Lancaster Co., Pa. Mr. and Mrs. Leaman have six children : Mary R., born Dec. 17, 1882; Benjamin Franklin, Dec. 30, 1884; Ada R., Feb. 5, 1887; Anabel R., Sept. 5, 1893: Barbara N., Nov. 5, 1897; and Theodore Roosevelt, Dec. 2, 1901. Mr. Leaman and his fam- ily belong to the Presbyterian Church. He is pro- gressive and public-spirited, and takes a keen interest in many affairs outside his direct business. He has the faculty of making and keeping friends, and the advantage of a ready sympathy with all with whom he comes in contact. In political sympathy he is a Republican, but he is no office seeker. B. WILLIS DENLINGER, who was born Feb. 10, 1867, on the farm in East Lampeter township where he now resides, is one of the vounger agricul- turists of his section of the county, but is rapidly working his way to the front as a progressive and thrifty man, fully awake to all the requisites of those who would be successful in his line. Jacob Denlinger, the grandfather of B. Willis, was also a native of Lancaster countv. He was a carpenter and builder by trade, but in the latter part of his life followed farming, in East Lampeter. He was a member of the Reformed Mennonite Church. He married Miss Mary Landis, and they were the parents of seven children, namely : Anna, deceased, wife of David Weaver; Martha, wife of Joseph Swartley, of Ohio; John L., deceased; Benjamin L., BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 937 ■deceased, who is mentioned below ; Jacob, of Ohio ; -David, of Salunga, Pa.; and Mary, deceased wife of George Wisler. Benjamin L. Denlinger was born in East Lam- peter July 4, 1826. Pie lived at home until he was twenty-two years of age, in his youth attending the common schools, and began life for himself at farm- ing, continuing same until he retired, in 1881. He died Sept. 26, 1894. Mr. Denlinger married Miss Catharine Harnish, who died Aug. 13, 1901. They became the parents of six children, namely : Susan- tia, who died in childhood ; Jacob H., of East Laih- l^eter ; Lettie L., wife of Albert Rowland ; Annie C, wife of Amos Hosteter; Mary E., wife of Jacob Weaver; and B. Wilhs. The parents were both -members of the New Mennonite Church. B. Willis Denlmger remained at home up to the time of his father's death, after which he purchased the old homestead place, and has followed farming almost exclusively. He was educated in the common schools of Lancaster county, and is a credit to the community in which his life has been passed, and to the honorable family to which he belongs. On Dec. ID, 1895, Mr. Denlinger wedded Miss Mary K. Kel- ler, daughter of Isaac Keller, of Lancaster county. This union has been blessed with one child, a daugh- ter, Lettie M. EDGAR HERR LEVAN, of No. 56 North Duke street, Lancaster, comes from very old Pennsylvania families in both paternal and maternal lines. The progenitors of this branch of the Levans were three brothers, who came from France to Amer- ica at the time of the great exodus of French Hugue- nots on account of religious persecution. These three brothers settled in Berks county. Pa., and from •one of them Edgar H. Levan is descended. His grandfather, Isaac Newtoii Levan, was a hatter, and was the organizer and president of all the building associations of Reading. Edgar M. Levan, our sub- ject's father, was born in Clarkson, Columbiana Co., Ohio, in what was known as the "Western Reserve," on Dec. 25, 1850, was admitted to the Berks county Bar in 1872, and at thirty-three years of age was nominated by the Democrats for district attorney of Berks county. His death, in August, 1890, in the fortieth year of his age, resulted from a railway ac- cident. He was married Dec. 25, 1874, to Miss Ann Elizabeth Herr, sister of Col. D. H. Herr, the widely ■known patent attorney, who is a lineal descendant of Hans Herr, who came to America and settled in Pennsylvania contemporaneously with William Penn. One child was born to Edgar M. and Ann Elizabeth ("Herr) Levan, Edgar Herr. Edgar H. Levan was born in Reading, Pa., Nov. 19, 1877. After studying in private schools in his native city he came to Lancaster, where he was graduated from the Bpys' High School in 1893, taking the third honor. Pie graduated from the York" Collegiate Institute in 1804, and from Frank- lin and Marshall College in 1898. Some time aftei his graduation from college Mr. Levan entered as a student at law with C. Reese Eaby, Esq., but gave up his studies to accept a position with the Interna- tional Correspondence Schools of Scranton, Pa. While at Franklin and Marshall College he took an active interest in the College Glee Club, and was its leader for one year. He is a fine pianist and organ- ist, and was for two and a half years organist and choirmaster of St. Mary's Catholic Church, Lancas- ter. Socially Mr. Levan is a member of the Benevo- lent Protective Order of Elks, and religiously he is a member of the First Presbyterian Church. The son of a brilliant father, and coming from a sturdy race on his mother's side, his future is certainly full of promise. MICHAEL F. GABLE. At the tender age of three years Michael F. Gable, now one of the well- known, substantial citizens of West Hempfield town- ship, Lancaster county, crossed the ocean with his parents from Germany — ^tneir native land — to seek in America the good fortune, which common report had ascribed to citizens of the New World. These parents were Michael and Margaret (Flat) Gable and the long journey was made in the year 1851. The father settled at once on Chestnut Hill, in West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, and there passed the remainder of his years, living the life of. the industrious vicinity, finding the occupation which brought comparative comfort and ease. He died in 1869, aged seventy years, and his faithful wife passed away in June, 1897, aged seventy-seven years. They were btiried in the Catholic cemetery at Columbia. To Michael and Margaret Gable were born the following children : John, a farmer of West Hempfield township ; Michael F. ; Peter, who died in India ; Margaret, wife of Henry Rearick, of West Hempfield township ; Barbara, deceased ; Mary, wife of Joseph Fonwall, a merchant of Har- risburg ; Adam, who died young ; and Elizabeth, de- ceased. Michael F. Gable was born in Germany Nov. 2, 1847. Fie was reared in West Hempfield, receiving a good common-school education, but at the age of fifteen he began life in earnest by working on the banks, and on the surrounding farms. He remained at the home of his parents until he was twenty-five years of age. On Oct. 14, 1873, in Lancaster, Michael F. Gable married Miss Clara E. Johns, who was born in Lan- caster township, Nov. 9, 1855, daughter of Eli and Sarah C Goodwin) Johns, granddaughter of John and Eva Johns (natives of Germany and Lancaster county, respectively), and granddaughter on her ma- ternal side of John and Amelia Goodwin, who were old residents of Lancaster county. Eli Johns, her father, fills a soldier's grave, dying in 1864, at the age of thirty-five years, while serving in a Pennsyl- vania regiment in the Civil war. His widow, who was born in 183 1, still survives, a resident of Lancas- ter county ; she is a member of the Mennonite Church. 938 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY The family of Eli and Sarah Johns consisted of the following children: Clara E., wife of Michael F. Gable ; Elvina, wife of Abiah Wiker, a stone cutter of Witmer; John, who resides with tiis mother at Milton ; Mary, at home ; and Sadie, wife of George Brenner, a cigarmaker of Lancaster. To Michael F. and Clara E. Gable were born a family of eight children, namely: Henry, Sarah A., Michael, Emma, Margaret, Flora, John and Charles. All are at home except Sarah A., the eldest daughter, who has married Daniel Dietz, a tanner, and lives in West Hempfield township. After his marriage Michael F. Gable spent twelve years on the farm of Abra Mellinger in Manor town- ship. He then moved to his present farm of twenty- eight acres in West Hempfield township, which he purchased in 1892 from Casper Teller, and he has since resided there, engaging in general farming, and by his good judgment and persistent effort win- ning a creditable success. In politics he is a Demo- crat. In public affairs he is a careful and patriotic citizen, and his many friends and acquaintances hold him in high respect and esteem. JACOB DURWARD FOX, the proprietor and owner of the "Eagle Hotel" at Lampeter Square, West Lampeter township, was born near Steelville, in Sadsbury township, Oct. 12, 1858, a son of Will- iam and Eliza Lucretia (Williams) Fox. His father died in 1873, at the age of sixty-one years. In early life he was engaged in the butchering business, and was in the mercantile business in Atglen, Chester county, and also at Daleville, in the same county, for a number of years. He sold the store in his later days, and bought a farm of 144 acres near Steel- ville, which was known as the Gen. Steel farm, and here he lived and died. William Fox was twice married, his first wife being Elizabeth Kane, and two of her children are now living, Sarah J., the wife of David Siner, of Atglen ; and Anna Margaret, the wife of James Philips, of Axford, Chester county. The second Mrs. Fox was Eliza Lucretia Williams, a na- tive of Russellville, Chester county. She is still liv- ing at the age of sixty-three years, and is the mother of the following family: Jacob Durward, whose name introduces this article ; Samuel Owen, a resident of Foggs Manor, who married Katie McMullen, and is a hard-working and trustworthy man; William Bernard, an engineer of Philadelphia, who married Miss Alice Malioney ; Mahlon George, a farmer, who remains on the old farm, and is married to Miss Ada- line Bitter ; Phoebe Ella, wife of Henry Eckman, of Daleville, Chester county ; and Mary Louisa, wife of Dennis Mahoney, a farmer of Steelville. Jacob D. Fox was reared on the farm, and had his education in the public schools, and in Chestnut Hill Academy. When he was but a lad of fourteen years of age, he lost his father, and by virtue of the fact that he was the oldest boy, he was called upon to take the lead in the affairs of the farm, and his mother soon put its management into his hands, where it re- mained. The young man spent a year in Ohio after he had attained his majority, and in 1880 he was mar- ried, locating in Steelville, and operating the farm on shares for a year. At the end of that time he es- tablished himself on a farm in Bart township, Lan- caster county, where he rented a place of ninety acres. This he farmed for a year, and then returned to the home place, remaining until 1893, when he established himself on the Robert Sampson place in Colerain township. The following year Mr. Fox came to West Lampeter, and rented the hotel, which he has since conducted, and his management of which has shown great adaptability. He is a genial and com- panionable character, makes friends readily, is atten- tive and courteous to all his patrons, and has won a large circle of personal friends throughout this part of Lancaster county. In December, 1900, he was able to purchase the hotel at a good figure, and is rapidly becoming a successful and well-to-do citi- zen of the town. Mr. Fox was married Oct. 27, 1880, to Miss Abbie Ann Bush, who was born May 23, i860, a daughter of Henry and Sarah Bush, and they have become the parents of the following children : William Henry, born May 15, 1882 ; Ada Lucretia, born Aug. 21, 1886; and Mary Elizabeth, born July 7, 1889. Mr. Fox is a Democrat, and belongs to the Knights of the Mystic Chain. DEACON HENRY D. HELLER. Many of the old and prominent families of Lancaster county have occupied the same lands for generations, and have established for themselves reputations for up- rightness of life and prosperity in business which are synonyms for their names. Such is the . case with the Heller family,, of which Deacon Henry D. Heller is a worthy representative. John Heller, his grandfather, a well-remembered prosperous farmer and large landowner, resided upon the farm which has passed into the possession of the heirs of the late Isaac D. Heller, his grandson. To John Heller and wife were born: John, the father of Deacon Heller; Peter, who lost his life through an accident, at the age of seventeen ; Eliza- beth, who was twice m.arried, first to a Mr. Rohrer, the second time to Benjamin Leaman; Fanny, who married Abram Brubaker; Mrs. Miller;' Mrs. Longenecker ; and Mrs. Leaman. John Heller, Jr., was born Nov. 4, 1808, and through an active life of over fifty years, made a lasting impress upon his family and neighborhood. Of more than usual intelligence, he embraced every educational advantage offered at that time in his locality, and he was always an ardent advocate for higher education. It was a great gratification to him that he was permitted to live to see the free school system firmly established, and his influence was ever given in favor of progress. Mr. Heller was called upon to serve as school director for years, and at the time of his death, which was greatly lamented, he was the wise and efficient director of the poor of the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 939 township. On March i8, 1850, he passed from earth, and many were the expressions of sorrow at the loss of a good neighbor, a kind friend, a wise counsellor, and a devoted husband and' father. John Heller, Jr., wa:s married to Annie Denlinger, and their children were : Abram, who married Eliza Landis, and died at the age of thirty-seven, leaving a son and a daughter ; Isaac D., who was reared on the farm, and at the time of his death, July 25, 1900, was the owner of the old Heller homestead, in East Lampeter, and was thrice married, first to Barbara Staufi'er (from which union three children were born), second, to Maria Landis (from which union one child was born, which died in infancy), and third, to Mary Buchwalter (who bore him two children, both of whom died in infancy) : Mary, who married Henry Shreiner, a farmer of Manheim township; Annie, who married Samuel Ehy, who lives retired in Upper Leacock township ; Lizzie, who married Adam Landis, a retired farmer of Lancaster town- ship; Hettie, who married Benjamin Hess, of Man- heim township ; John, who died in childhood ; Henry D., of this sketch ; and B. D., who was born Nov. 3, 1849, and received a good common-school education whicli was supplemented by study for some time at the Millersville Normal School, and thus pre- pared, engaged in teaching for three terms, and later married Anna Hess, a daughter- of Samuel R. Hess, of Clay township, and the children born of this union are : Samuel, a practicing physician of Lan- caster, who is a graduate of the University of Penn- sylvania, and who married Miss Emily, a daughter of Judge David McMullan, of Lancaster; Harvey, who is a teacher in the graded school of Oregon, Lancaster county, is a graduate from the Millers- ville Normal School, and is the present owner of the old homestead; Benjamin, who is a teacher in East Lampeter ; Jacob ; John ; Laura ; and Parke. The family are members of the Old Mennonite Church. Henry D. Heller was reared on the farm, and re- ceived excellent educational advantages, fully fitting him for the profession of teacher, but his inclinations, after one term of teaching, led him back to the farm. On Oct. 22, 1867, he was united in marriage to Eliza- beth Leaman, a daughter of Tobias and Elizabeth (Denlinger) Leaman, the former of whom died in June, 1859, since which time the mother has resided with her daughter. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Heller are: Annie, who married John H. Kreider, a farmer, has two children, Amos and Edna ; Amanda, who married Newton G. Herr, has one daughter, Bertha ; Lizzie, who married John Roher, has three sons, Harry, Elvin and Enos ; Abram, who married Anna Denlinger, has one son, Clarence; Enos ; and J. Henry is at home. Immediately after marriage, Mr. Heller took charge of the farm of his deceased brother, Abram, and continued to operate it until in 1873, when he purchased his present farm, located in East Lampeter, consisting of 55 acres. The original dwelling house still stands, but since taking charge of this place, Mr. Heller has been continually making improvements, and it ranks well with any other in the township. In 1891 he purchased a sec- ond farm of seventy-five acres in the same township, formerly his grandfather's land. The standing of Deacon Heller is very high in the community where he is recognized as one of the leading men. In Oc- tober, 1876, imder Rev. Benjamin Herr, Henry D. Heller was ordained a deacon, in the Old Mennonite Church, and in that office has served ever since, with faithfulness and -fidelity, worthily upholding an old and justly honored name. ELAM SHEETZ MYERS, a general farmer in East Donegal township, Lancaster county, takes rank with the intelligent and progressive young agriculturists of the present day, and is engaged in the cixltivation of the old homestead on which he was born Jan. 20, 1878. He is a son of Christ H. and Anna (Sheetz) Myers, who are mentioned else- where. Elam Sheetz Myers and Emma J. Weiser were united in marriage- Nov. T2, 1896, the ceremony being performed at Mt. Joy, Pa. To this union have been born two sons. Earl W. and Lloyd W. Mrs. Emma J. (Weiser) Myers is a charming and attractive young woman, of good judgment and a kindly disposition, and is very popular in her neigh- borhood. She was born in East Donegal township Jan. 30, 1876, daughter of John E. and Hannah M. (Stumm) Weiser, who were married in York county in 1869. Her parents had the following children: Sarah B., who is living at home unmarried ; Emma J., Mrs. Myers ; and Catherine, Wilbert. Daisy and Paul, all at home. The father, John E. Weiser, has- been a farmer all his days, and has made a substan- tial place for himself as an industrious and trust- worthy man. He came to Lancaster county in 1874, and here has remained to the present time, in 1889- settling on the farm where he is now found. In political sentiment he is a Republican. Mrs. Hannah- M. Weiser was born in Lancaster county in 1850,, daughter of John and Sarah (Custard) Stumm, who lived in Lancaster county, and moved into- York county in i860. They were farming people. Elam S. Myers remained with his parents until his marriage, when he settled on his present farm, a small but productive place' of forty-three acres, and he is known as a capable and thrifty young fanner. In politics he is a Republican. OLIVER H. SHENK, proprietor of the only feldspar and flint rock quarries in southeastern Penn- sylvania, resides in Manor township, Lancaster county, four miles west of Lancaster city. He was born in this county March 23, 1873, son of Christian K. and Annie (Hiedler) Shenk, and was reared in West Hempfield township, receiving his education in the public schools and the Northwest Secondary School. On May 10, 1895, Mr. Shenk began business on his own account as a dealer in flint rock and feldspar. 940 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and now employs about twenty-five men in his sev- eral quarries. His output he disposes of in various States, to manufacturers of porcelain or so-called ■chinaware, shipping to such concerns as the Stand- ard Flint & Spar Company, of Frenchtown, N. J., the Golden Sons, of Trenton, N. J., the Eureka Flint & Spar Company, of the same city, and the Columbia (Pa.) Flint & Spar Company. His ship- ments reach eight carloads per week, and his main ■quarries extend across the line into the States of Maryland and Delaware. In addition to his quarry- ing business Mr. Shenk handles large quantities of clover seed, in which he has a very remunerative trade. He also does quite a business supplying the Lancaster . Trolley Company with poles and ties, which he obtains in central Pennsylvania, princip- ally in Cumberland county. ' Mr. Shenk was united in marriage, Nov. 5, 1896, with Miss Lizzie Hostetter, the only child of Ephraim and Mary (Charles) Hostetter and to this union has come one son, born Dec. 22, 1897, who died Aug. 9, 1898. Mr. and Mrs. Shenk are mem- bers of the Mennonite Church, and both are active workers in the Sabbath-school. They occupy a modern residence at Kreadyville, one of the most delightful in the county, erected in 1896, and Mr. Shenk is recognized as one of the most enterprising young men in the county of Lancaster. Ephraim Hostetter, father of Mrs. Shenk, was born in Manor township, Lancaster Co., Pa., Jan. 7, 1853, was a prosperous and highly respected farmer", and died Dec. 22, 1878, in the faith of the Mennonite Church, leaving his widow with her only child, now Mrs. Oliver H. Shenk. BENTAMIN B. HARNISH. Much of the fer- tile farm'ing land of the great State of Pennsyl- vania is located in Lancaster county, and the well tilled farms are owned and occupied by agricultur- ists who have made farming a life business, and have succeeded in developing the land to its greatest ca- pacity and in accumulating comfortable fortunes. Among the resident farmers of East Hempfield township is Benjamin B. Harnish, the eldest son of Levi Harnish, who was born on a farm in West Hempfield township, Jan. 28, 1848, and was there reared a farmer boy, obtaining his education in the district schools of 'his locality. Until the age of twentv-two he remained at home, but at that time decided to engage in business for himself, selecting the excellent tract of almost fifty-three acres upon which he is located in East Hempfield township, two miles west of Rohrerstown. Upon this place our subject began immediately to make improve- ments which have resulted in much added value to the land, and have made it yield well, and here he carries on general farming. In November, 1869, was celebrated the marriage ■of Benjamin B. Harnish to Martha M. Musselman, a daughter of Christain Musselman, a native of East Hempfield township. To this union have been born children as follows : Ida, who married Henry Sauder, of Landisville; Sarah, who married Grant Noll, of this township; Benjamin, who married Mary Herr, of East Hempfield; Martha M., who married Isaac Seachrist, a niiller of West Hemp- field; Leah, who married Albert Myers, of Mount- ville ; Fannie, at home ; Annie ; Maggie ; Mary ; and Lizzie. This family has been well reared and given Christian teaching and example, the mother and several of the daughters being connected with the Old Mennonite Church, and one of the daughters has become a member of the United Brethren de- nomination. Benjamin B. Harnish is highly es- teemed by his neighbors, and is considered one of the representative citizens of the township where he has lived so long. THOMAS S. HOOD, for over ten years the freight and passenger agent of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company at New Holland, Lancaster countv, was born at Fort Concho, Texas, June 27, 1869, 'a son of Gen. Charles C. and Louisa (Skinner) Hood, the former a native of Somerset, Perry Co., Ohio, and the latter of Woodstock, Connecticut. General Hood was born in 1841, and served through the Civil War, where he was twice wounded. His services in the army have been con- tinuous since he entered. He participated in the Spanish-American War and on the Texas frontiers. At Ponce, Porto Rico, he was the military com- mander, 1898 and 1899, and held a most responsible position. He was appointed by Maj. Gen. Otis as the first military governor in the Philippines, hav- ing charge of three large provinces, with head- quarters at Aparri, serving three years, 1899-1902. On Oct. 18, 1902, he was appointed a Brigadier General, L'''nited States Army. Mrs. Louisa Hood died in St. Louis, May 31, 1875, at the age of thirty years. She was the mother of the following chil- dren : Thomas S. ; Anita and Sarah, who both died young. General Hood was a second time married, Frances A. Skinner becoming his wife. To this union came the following children : Charles, de- ceased ; Marion, who is making her home with her mother ; and Evangeline, who is also at home. The father of General Hood was Thomas Hood, a lawver by profession and born in Somerset, Perry Co., Ohio. For many years he held a position at Washington as judge of claims. He had previ- ously served as Judge of Countv Court at Madison, Wis., and as Senator in the Wisconsin Legislature. Thomas S. Hood was married April 17, 1901, in Lancaster countv, to Catherine Kinzer, a daugh- ter of the late W. W. Kinzer, whose biography may be found on another page. A daughter, Dorothy, was born July 3. 1902, at New Holland. Mr. Hood was reared in the various forts where his father was stationed, and when old enough be- gan his education in Miami Universitv, Oxford, Ohio, and finished at Central High School, Phila-^ delphia, which institution he left in 1887 to take a BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 941 position with the Pennsylvania Railroad at Devon, Pa., from which he was later removed to Coatesville, to take a place as a clerk in the freight oihce. He came to New Holland, July 5, 1892, to take the po- sition as freight and passenger agent, where he dis- played abilities of a high order, and was regarded as one of the best men in the service of the com- pany. On Aug. I, 1902, Mr. Hood was further promoted to represent the Pennsylvania Railroad Company in the important position of freight agent in the famous iron manufacturing town of Coates- ville, Chester Co., Pennsylvania. Mr. Hood belongs to the Masonic fraternity, and is a member of the Knights Templar Command- ery. No. 43, of Lancaster. In his politics he is a Re- publican. JACOB J. LAMPARTER. The name of Lam- parter in Lancaster was originally connected with the pioneer glue industry of the town, an enterprise still controlled and managed by members of this substantial German- American family. Other ave- nues of activity have latterly been invaded by those bearing the name, chief among these being Jacob J. Lamparter, retired glue manufacturer, and at pres- ent a large land owner, engaged in the real-estate and building business, tie was born in the an- cestral home in Wurtemberg, Germany, a son of Everhart and Elizabeth (Helt) Lamparter, natives of the same German principality. Everhart Lamparter came to America in 1853, and located in Lancaster, where he started the glue business, to which he devoted the rest of his life. From a comparatively small beginning he increased the capacity of his manufactory to meet the demand created by his excellent commodity, and thus came to rank among the commercial adjuncts of his lo- cality. He died in 1869, at the age of sixty-one years, and was survived by his wife until 1898, she dying at the age of eighty-eight years; they are buried in Woodward Hill cemetery. They were the parents of the following named children: George, who is engaged in manufacturing glue at the old factory ; Jacob J. ; Lizette, unmarried and living in Washington, D. C. ; Amelia, who died at the age of fifty years ; Pauline, unmarried and living in Lan- caster ; Judith, widow of Eugene Bauer, of Lancas- ter; Everhart, one of the managers of his father's glue business; Henry, deceased; and Sabina, Mrs. Mertz, deceased. Jacob J. Lamparter was eleven years of age when the family came to America, and the greater part of his training and education was therefore on Ameri- can lines. As there were so many children in the family he was obliged to shift for himself, and ow- ing to the limitations of the factory he sought em- ployment elsewhere. At the age of twenty he en- tered the factory, and remained for nearly thirty- seven years, or until the death of his mother, in 1898, since which time he has bought and sold prop- erty, and accomplished considerable building in different parts of the city. He is the owner of ten, pieces of property, and is a very successful and wide- awake business man. By his marriage to Margaretta Arnold Mr. Lamparter became connected with a French and German family, the parents of- Mrs. Lamparter being John and Margaret (Eppinger) Arnold, the- former, formerly a brewer of Lancaster, now de- ceased. Mr. and Mrs. Lamparter have had children, as follows : Harry, who served as a soldier in the Philippines; Everhart, a coach trimmer of Lan- caster (married to Gertrude Weidle) ; Reinholdt, a blacksmith of Easton, Pa. ; Walter, who died at the age of twenty-tliree years; Dorothea; Amelia; Judith; Charles; and Jacob, the five last mentioned living at home. Mr. I^amparter is a member of the Knights of Pythias and the Seven Wise Men. In politics he is a Republican. He is prominent in the community, and is recognized as one of its most en-, terprising, up-to-date and resourceful citizens. CHRISTIAN GOOD REESE, who is engaged^ in the brick making business and in the handling of ice in Elizabethtown, is one of the leading brick men of this section, putting on the market yearly more than a million brick, largely used in building and in sewer construction. He was born in Elizabethtown Sept. 10, 1868, a son of Samson D. Reese, whose biography is presented elsewhere. Christian G. Reese was reared in his native com- munity, and May 12, 1898, was married in Balti- more, Md., to Miss Bertha F. Weirs, by whom he has had two children, Maud W., and Marian M. Airs. Bertha F. Reese was born near Baltimore, July 25, 1874, a daughter of Henry and Amanda J.' Weirs. Her parents were born in Maryland, where they were married, and they were engaged in farm- ing. Her father, who died in 1896, was seventy- two years old. For many years he was a justice, of the peace, and was very successful in all his enter- prises. Her mother, who was born in 1836, is now living in Baltimore. She was the mother of the, following children : William, a train despatcher, at Baltimore ; John, of Sparrows Point, Md. ; Thomas, a telegraph operator at Sherwood, Md. ; Alfred, de- ceased; Laura, who married C. W. Shipley. Jr., an, engineer on the N. C. Railroad, with a home at Balti- more ; and Bertha F., wife of Mr. Reese. Christian G. Reese remained at home with his parents until he reached the age of twenty years, when he took a position as a bookkeeper with the Miller Fifth Wheel Manufacturing Co., at Eliza- bethtown, which he held for two years, and then em- barked upon his present business career. The brick yard which he is now operating, he purchased from J. C. Keener, and in its management he has attained a very large success, making a name and a standing- for himself that bespeaks his integrity, ability and business sense. Mr. Reese is a member of A. O. K. M. C, and belongs to the Reformed Church. In his politics he. 942 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY is a Republican, and for the past four years has been a member of the board of health. Mr. Reese pre- pared for that business career in which he has been so successful by taking a full commercial course in the Byrant & Stratton Business College at Buffalo, N. Y., where he went at the age of fifteen years, and from which he was graduated with a high standing. He is one of the leading men of his home town, and is justly regarded as one of the representative citi- zens of this county. WILLIAM C. GRUBE, secretary and director of the poor of Lancaster county, was born at Blue Ball, this county, Oct. lo, 1872, son of Martin H. Grube, a prominent citizen of Lancaster county. The children born to Martin H. Grube were Will- iam C. and a brother now residing at New Holland, an extensive sketch of whom appears elsewhere. William C. Grube was reared in the county of his birth, attending the common schools of his dis- trict, and later had the advantage of a course at Peck's Business College, and also went to Valen- tine's Shorthand & Telegraphic School, from which he was graduated in 1893. He accepted his present position March 27th of the same year, since which time he has faithfully and satisfactorily performed his duties, with credit to himself. On Nov. 14, 1894, Mr. Grube was married, in Blue Ball, to Miss Clara Kurtz, and two children have been born to this union: Helen M. and J. Franklin. Mrs, Grube was born at Blue Ball, Pa., Oct. 19, 1872, daughter of John G. and Anna (Mus- ser) Kurtz. John G. Kurtz is a prominent farmer of East Earl township, Lancaster county, and was graduated from the Normal School at Millersville. In politics he is a Republican, and has held several local ofHces. Both he and his most estimable wife are earnest members of the Mennonite Church. Mr. Grube is a member of the F. & A. M.,. being a Knight Templar, and also holds membership in the B. P. O. E., of which he is esquire. He and Mrs. Grube are members of the Presbyterian Church, in which they are very active, and of which they are liberal supporters. In political matters Mr. Grube is a strong Republican, and is very prominent in local affairs. He is one of the leading young men of the city, enterprising, thrifty, ready to grasp every opportunity offered, not only for the furtherment of his private affairs, but also those calculated to prove beneficial to the city and county, and in his position he has been of great service to the authorities, his judgment and discrimination being exercised to produce the best results to all parties. MAHLON ERB. One of the well-known as well as most highly esteemed citizens of Mount Nebo, Lancaster county, is Mahlon Erb, a retired farmer of Martic township, who with his estimable wife lives in ease and plenty in this pleasant village, after a life of prudent industry. He was bom in Conestoga township, this county, Dec. 13, 1848, son of John and Maria (Whitmer) Erb, both natives of Lancaster county, the former of whom was born in West Lampeter township Aug. 25, 1814, and died Dec. 31, 1894. Jacob Erb, grandfather of Mahlon, was the founder of the Erb family in Lancaster county. The children of Jacob Erb were : Jacob, Rudolph, John, Samuel, Joseph, David, Rachel, Susan, all of whom lived lives of probity and respectability and many of them left numerous descendants. John Erb was married Aug. 13, 1840, to Maria Whitmer. Their children, twelve in number, were: Susan, who resides on the home place; Amaziah, deceased; Annie E., deceased; John, deceased; Mahlon; Amanda, deceased; Henry, a merchant in Mount Nebo, Pa.; Mary Jane, who resides on the home place ; Emanuel, deceased ; Clayton, the farmer on the home estate ; Frank, a miller in Martic town- ship; and William W., a successful young farmer of this locality. Mahlon Erb grew up on the farm, and has always been devoted to an agricultural life. As soon as he had finished his education in the public schools he chose farming as his vocation and has indus- triously followed the same through many years. Oh March 26, 1868, Mahlon Erb was united in mar- riage to Miss Emma Achison, who was a daughter of Cunningham and Anna (Markley) Achison, her birth occurring in Drumore township May 27, 1848. , To this marriage have been born five children: Annie, who is the wife of Amos Patton, of Colum- bia; Oscar, a farmer of Conestoga township, who married Elvina Buckwalter ; Mahlon C, farming on the home farm, who married Mary Railing; Rob- ert, who married Letitia McLaughlin, and is farm- ing at Mount Nebo ; and Alma, at home. Mahlon Erb owns a well-cultivated and im- proved farm of ninety-three acres, and also ^ smaller farm with comfortable buildings. To younger hands he has resigned the cares of active life. Both he and wife are consistent members of the New Mennonite Church, and throughout the community they are held in high esteem. ISAAC N. HILDEBRAND conducts one of the largest butchering businesses in Lancaster county, and, though yet a young man, ranks high in commercial circles. He is a grandson of Jacob Hil- debrand, who lived and died in* Strasburg, this county, but little is known of him by his grandson except that he was quite a politician and held the ofHce of justice of the peace for. a number of years. Jacob Hildebrand, the father of Isaac N., was born in West Lampeter township about 1844, and passed his early life in his native place, receiving his education in the local schools. In 1861 he ran away from home and enlisted in Co. K, 79th P. V. I. He married Miss Fannie Harmon, daughter of Samuel Harmon, of Willowstreet, and they became the par- ents of seven children : Susan, wife of David Good of Quarryville; William, of Lampeter township- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 943 Isaac N. ; Lillie and John, both of whom died in childhood ; Miss Mary, who lives at home ; and Ja- cob, at home. Isaac N. Hildebrand was born in Willowstreet April 3, 1 87 1, and lived at home with his parents until he was about twenty-two years of age, in the meantime receiving his education in the common schools of the county. On March 18, 1894, he mar- ried Miss Lizzie Hoffman, of Hanover, York Co., Pa., and then began life for himself, engaging in the butcher business, which he had learned from his father. He has been very successful, and has built up a thriving business, which has become one of the largest in Lancaster county, and he is regarded by all who have had dealings with him as one of the substantial men of his community. Mr. and Mrs. Hildebrand have had one child, a daughter, who died in infancy. J. EDWARD SHOMIER. As secretary and treasurer of The Keeley Stove Co., one of the pros- perous industries of Columbia, Mr. Shomier leads an active and influential life. He was born at Co- lumbia, July 17, 1868, son of John and Mary (Zel- lers") Shomier, and grandson of John and Mary Shomier, Wurtemberg, Germany. John Shomier, when about twenty years of age, migrated with his parents from Germany to Colum- bia, Pa. About the same time Mary Zellers migrated from the Fatherland to America, and also located at Columbia where her marriage to John Shomier occurred. He died in 1869, at the age of thirty-six years ; she survived until 1888, passing away at the age of fifty-eight years. Four children were born to John and Mary (Zellers) Shomier; Anna, de- ceased ; John, deceased ; Mary, who married George Tille, manager of Lippincott's Wholesale Grocery House ; and J. Edward. . J. Edward Shomier was reared and educated in Columbia, was graduated from the Columbia high school, and soon after his school days ended, began his career in the present factory of The Keeley Stove Co. Six years later he was elected to the office of secretary of the Company, and several years there- after became also its treasurer, when these two offices were combined under one head. He has been filling these offices uninterruptedly ever since, and as an officer of the company he has been careful, indus- trious and progressive. In 1896, at Columbia, Mr. Shomier married Ce- celia Westerman, a native of Columbia, daughter of John and Mary Catherine (Metzger) Westerman. Her father was born in Fruitville, Lancaster county, Oct. 26, 1854, son of Leopold and Anna (Wagner) Westerman, and grandson of Matiiias Westerman, who about 1850 emigrated with two of his nine chil- dren to America and settled in Lancaster county. Leopold Westerman was a carpenter and contractor, and died in Lisbon, Iowa. John Westerman, when a lad of fourteen years, entered the butcher shop of Milton V¥ike in Columbia, with whom he remained six years. He then started in business for himself, and now owns a large establishment. He is identi- fied with various business interests, and is one of the most prominent public men of Columbia. In politics a Democrat, he was appointed postmaster during President Cleveland's second term, and has filled various local offices. Of his four children, Mrs. Shomier is the second. To Mr. and Mrs. Shomier have been born two children: John and Mary. Mr. Shomier is a Democrat and is prominent in business, social and political circles. In religious affiliation he is a member of the Lutheran Church. He has prospered in business, and though yet com- paratively young in years ranks among the fore- most citizens of Columbia. He is a member of the local board of education, having been elected to rep- resent the Fourth ward, which is very largely Re- publican. Mr. Shomier is assistant secretary of the Columbia Hospital Association, and a member of the board of managers of that institution. PIENRY G. CAREER, the well-known pro- prietor of Sunrise Farm in Manor township, Lan- caster county, two miles west of the city of Lan- caster, was born in West Hempfield township, the sariie county, March 7, 1863, a son of Andrew and Susan (Greider) Garber. He was reared on the old homestead, and the education acquired in the public schools of that locality was supplemented by two terms' attendance at Lebanon Valley College, Ann- ville. Pa. On leaving school he took up the occupa- tion of farming, conducting the home farm of 120 acres for ten years, and in 1898 located upon his present farm in Manor township, consisting of twenty-nine acres, upon which he has made many improvements, so that it is now one of the most de- sirable farms of its size in the locality. Mr. Garber is successfully engaged in general farming and dairying. By. his ballot he supports the men and measures of the Republican party, and as a public- spirited and progressive citizen gives his influence to all enterprises calculated to prove of public benefit. On Dec. 15^ 1887, Mr. Garber was united in mar- riage with Miss Frances Leonard, who was born near Miller sville, in Manor township, Feb. 18, 1867, and they have become the parents of two sons: Harry, born Oct. 10, 1888; and Charles, born Oct. 19, 1891. The wife and mother is a consistent mem- ber of the Trinity Reformed Church. Abraham Leonard, Mrs. Garber's father, was born in Manor township, Jan. 31, 1833, a son of Abraham and Annie (Rinehart) Leonard, and a grandson of Frederick and Elizabeth (Lutz) Leon- ard. Soon after his marriage Frederick Leonard left home for the purpose of entering the service in the war of 181 2, and what became of him after that is unknown, as all trace of him was lost. He left only one child, Abraham Leonard, grandfather of Mrs. Garber, who was a farmer by occupation and a member of the River Brethren in Christ. He died 944 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY in May, 1898, at an advanced age, and his wife, who was a native of Lancaster county, died in 1851. In their family were eight children, namely: George, a retired resident of Middletown, Ohio; Abraham, father of Mrs. Garber ; Levi, deceased ; Frederick, a cigar manufacturer of Mountville, Lancaster coun- ty: David, a farmer of West Hempfield township, Lancaster county ; John, a farmer of the same town- ship ; William and Jacob, both deceased. Mrs. Gar- ber's father was reared and educated in his native township, and at the age of twenty-three began farming for himself and continued to follow that occupation until 1892, when he retired from active labor. He married Miss Fannie Johns, a daughter of John and Eve (Benedict) Johns, and in 1885 he purchased a small tract of land on which they resided until her death, which occurred in August, 1891, when she was fifty-four years of age. Of the four children born to them, the oldest, a son, died in in- fancy ; A-ldus married a daughter of John Brown, of Columbia, Pa. ; Milton is a resident of Manor town- ship ; and Frances is the wife of Henry G. Garber. Mr. Leonard has been a life-long Democrat in poli- tics, and in religious belief is a Lutheran. ABRAHAM M. ZIMMERMAN, one of the worthy and energetic young business men of New Holland, Lancaster county, the proprietor of The New Holland Machine Works — manufacturing as a specialty the Cob & Feed Mills — comes of German origin, his grandfather, John Zimmerman having founded the family, near Martindale, Pa., where he became a prominent farmer and the father of these children: Susannah, who married Isaac Martin, of Goodville, Pa.; Martin, the father of the subject of this biography ; Israel, a farmer near Terre Hill, Pa. ; and Mary, of Earl township. Martin W. Zimmerman, a thrifty farmer of Earl township, married Anna Martin, and they became the parents of eight children : Aaron, an Earl town- ship farmer: EH, also a farmer of Earl township; Abraham M. ; Martha, wife of J. H. Sensenig, a jeweler of New Holland; Adam, a machinist; Mar- tin, a farmer ; George, a farmer, and Moses, at home. Abraham M. Zimmerman was born July 31, 1869, and was reared on the farm, although his nat- ural inclinations were in another direction. His education was acquired in the common schools of Earl township, but as early as fourteen years he de- cided to become a machinist. By the time he was nineteen years old he started to serve his apprentice- ship, and the following three years were spent in Lancaster. In 1895 he came to New Holland, and the same year organized his present flourishing business, starting with a repair shop, working him- self, while his brother Adam began to learn the trade. Later, he merged his business into a manu- facturing plant, a great demand having been created for his specialty, the New Holland Cob & Feed Mill, and at present the factory is running with full force of twentv-one men in order to fill the orders for these valuable machines and also for his improved gaso- line engines. That he has succeeded so well is due to his energy and perseverance, as he began his business career with little financial assistance. In 1893 Abraham M. Zimmerman was married to Miss Lizzie Martin, a daughter of J. B. Martin, of New Holland, and to this union have been born two children : Annie E., and Ivan M. In his politi- cal belief, Mr. Zimmerman is a Republican, and is a consistent and valued member of the Mennonite Church. Possessing all the qualifications for good citizenship, he well represents the best type of resi- dent of Earl township, where he is universally es- teemed. PEARSON E. GRUGER, of the firm of Gruger & Moedinger, South Queen street, Lancaster, deal- ers in stone work for cernetery and buildings, has- been engaged in business in that city for almost forty years. The family is of Huguenot descent. Peter Gruger, the grandfather of Pearson E., died wheii< his son Adam (Pearson E. Gruger's father) was only ten years old. Adam Gruger was born in Le- high county. Pa., in June, 1808, and learned the sad- dler's trade, followingf it for a number of years. He also engaged in coach trimming. He belonged ta the Reformed Church, and was a member of the Mt. Lebanon I^odge of Masons, long since disbanded. He died in February, 1891, at the age of eighty-two years. In 1833 he married Hannah Sallada, a daugh- ter of John and Martha (Vohr) Sallada, who was born in 1815, and died in 1897. Pearson E. Gruger was born in Stouchsburg,. Berks Co., Pa., Oct. i, 1834, but when a boy came to Lancaster with his parents, and attended the pub- lic schools there, finishing his education at the old Franklin College (now Franklin and Marshall Col- lege) , then located on North Lime street, Lancaster. At seventeen years of age he became apprenticed to marble cutting with Major Charles M. Howell, re- maining with him five years. For the next six years he worked in Philadelphia, and then returned to Lancaster, where he has since engaged in business, supplying granite, marble and other stone work for buildings and monumental work. His work is found in some of the notable structures of the city. The business, of which he is the senior proprietor, is located at No. 25 South Queen street, and is a large one; the marble works are located in the rear of the mansion erected by the Metzger family over one hundred years ago. On May 20, 1858, Mr. Gruger married Rebecca, daughter of the late Philip Metzger, and eight chil- dren were born, to this union, as follows : Charles, Florence (who died in infancy), Margaret, William, Francis, Walter, Catherine and Harry. Mrs. Gruger died Jan. 9, 1875, aged thirty-eight years. On Dec. 25, 1883, Mr. Gruger married Miss Salome, daughter of the late David Nauman. Mr. and Mrs. Gruger are members of Trinity Reformed Church BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 945 of Columbia, and for many years Mr. Gruger was an elder. He is active, useful and prominent in everything with which he connects himself. In poli- tics he is an independent Republican. Possessed of more than ordinary intelligence, he is favorably known to every one in the community, and his record in public and private life is irreproachable. Mr. Gruger is a designer and sculptor of some note, and his work has always and everywhere been most favorably received. He is now the oldest active member of his craft in the city, venerable Major Howell having long since retired from active busi- ness. ROBERT K. WOOD. One of the promising young farmers of Little Britain township, who en- joys the confidence and esteem of the citizens of his community, is Robert K. Wood, a representative of one of the leading families of southern Lancaster county. He was born Oct. 6, 1873, a son of Jesse and Maggie (Killough) Wood. His home has always been on the farm owned by Abner Carter, near Wood's chrome mines, and since 1871 operated by his father, Jesse Wood. His education was obtained in the public school at Eastland, the Friends' Normal Institute of Rising Sun, Md., and a three months' course in agriculture at Pennsylvania State College. Since 1897 he has been a member of the school board of Little IBritain township, since March, 1899, serv- mg as its secretary. His political affiliations have ever been with the Republican party, and he is a member of the religious society of Friends, to which all of his paternal ancestors have belonged since set- tling in America. Robert K. Wood was married, Dec. 18, 1901, to Hanna M., daughter of Robert A. and Lucretia M. (Fisher) Way, of Stormstown, Centre Co., Penn- sylvania. Jesse Wood, the father of the subject of this sketch, was born Feb. 26, 1849, a son of James and Mercy M. (Carter) Wood. He is a prominent and ' thrifty farmer in Little Britain township, a member of the Society of Friends, and in politics, a Repub- lican. On Dec. 19, 1872, he was married to Maggie Killough, of Fulton township. The only child of this union was Robert K. of this biography. James Wood, father of Jesse and grandfather of Robert K., was born in Little Britain township, July 17, 1821, and was married Feb. 26, 1845, to Mercy M. Carter, also of Little Britain township. The children of this union were : Alfred, a farmer of Fulton township, whose sketch appears in another part of this volume; Susan, wife of Elwood H. Townsend, whose sketch elsewhere appears in this volume; Jesse; Mary, deceased wife of Davis E. Allen ; Lucretia, wife of John W. Smedley, a retired farmer of Chester county ; Lewis, a farmer of Little Britain township, mentioned elsewhere; Ida, who died in young womanhood ; and James, a farmer of Little Britain, who is also mentioned elsewhere in this volume.' James Wood was one of the leading 60 inen of the county. Not only was he a successful farmer but he was also a financier and man of affairs, he was president of the Farmers National Bank of Oxford from its incorporation to the time of his death, and at one time was commissioner of Lan- caster county. As a member of the Society of Friends his influence was wide spread. Few men in the county took a more intelligent interest in the Republican party than he. He died Aug. 9, 1894. James Wood was a son of Jesse and Sidney (Yarnell) Wood, of this county. Jesse Wood was a prominent farmer and mill-wright of his day. He was a son of Joseph Wood, a son of Thomas Wood, the founder of this branch of the Wood family in America. In the days of William Penn, Thomas Wood came to America to secure religious freedom, and was an important member of a colony of Quak- ers who settled near Philadelphia. The peaceful and law-abiding influence of this religious body still pervades the locality, and counts many of the best citizens among the members of the Society of Friends. About 1760 Joseph Wood came from York coun- ty and settled on a farm in West Nottingham town- ship, Chester Co., Pa., now owned by his great- grandson, Jesse Wood, the father of Robert K., of this sketch. Here he raised a family of eight chil- dren: Thomas, Joseph, Jesse, Lydia, Elizabeth, David, John and Day, several of whom afterward settled in neighboring parts of Lancaster county. All became agriculturists and this has been the fam- ily occupation in every generation. Maggie K. Wood, the mother of the subject of this sketch, was born Oct. 6, 1849, ^ daughter of Robert and Sidney (Hoopes) Killough, of Fulton township. Robert Killough was a farmer, and en- joyed the high esteem of the community, serving several years in various township offices. He was born Aug. 12, 1812, a son of John and Margaret (Porter) Killough, and always occupied the farm on which he was born. On Jan. 2, 1845, he mar- ried Sidney Hoopes, of Fulton township. The chil- dren of this union were John, a hardware merchant of CHnton, 111.; Mary M., who died Sept. 15, 1885;. Maggie, wife of Jesse Wood, and mother of Robert K., Phianna, wife of Leander O. Wright, a farmer of Fulton township, who now owns and occupies the Killough homestead ; Jane E., wife of C. W. Moore, proprietor of Clinton greenhouses, Clinton, 111., but formerly of Fulton township ; Phebe Roberta, liv- ing with her sister Phianna ; and Elmer E., of Clin- ton, 111. Robert Hoopes died Jan. 5, 1886, and his wife, Sidney, on March i, 1890. LEWIS BACHMAN. Mr. Bachman was born in Bart township, Lancaster county, on May 15, 185 1. Since reaching the age of twenty-three,' with the exception of two years spent in farming, he has been in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. His first service for that corporation was rendered in the capacity of brakeman and he has. 946 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY risen, through the grade of flagman, to be con- ductor, haying been appointed to that position in 1884. He is one of the company's most valued men, bringing to the discharge of his duties a keen in- telhgence and an unwavering fidelity. He is one of the Knights of Malta, and in political faith, a Democrat. His father was Samuel S. Bachman, and his mother's maiden name was Ann E., daughter of John Rockey. Samuel S. was the son of George Bachman, who married a Miss Bingham, and spent his life in Lancaster county. He himself was a wheelwright and wagon maker, and a devout mem- ber of the M. E. Church, as was also his life. Sam- uel died in 1864, aged sixty-two years, and his wife, Lewis Bachman's mother, in 1878, shortly before reaching the age of three score. They were the parents of five children, of whom Lewis was the' fourth in order of birth. Mary E., deceased, the eldest daughter, married John L. Garner. Belinda is the widow of John M. Pichel, of Bart township. Martin R., the third child, and first son, died in 1875. The youngest child was Uriah, now a Lan- caster county farmer. Mr. Bachman was married, on Jan. 2, 1873, to Martha M. Stauffer, the ceremony being solemnized by Rev. W. O. Owen, at Colerain. She was born in Eden township, on Feb. 6, 1853. Her father was Jacob Stanffer, the son of John and Barbara Stauf- fer, and her mother, before marriage, was Anna Landis, whose father's name was Peter. Jacob Stauffer was a miller, and died in 1887, having been born in 1817. Mrs. Stauffer died in Jan. 1878, in her sixty-third year. Their children were five in number; Maria, Henry, Barbara, Susan and Mar- tha, the youngest two being twins. Barbara is de- ceased, and Susan is the wife of Jacob Shelly, of Eden township. Eight children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Bachman. Harry, the eldest, married Lona Bud- ding, and resides in Columbia. Lizzie is the wife of Jarnes Miller, of the same place. Charles is a telegraph operator at Hatborough. In April, 1899, he was married to Margaret, daughter of John and Mary Plank, of Lancaster City. The younger chil- dren, Amos R., Edwin, Anna, Mary L. and Clara, live at home with their parents. LEVI PI. HAVERSTICK (deceased) was born in Manor township, Sept. 20, 1850, a son of Levi and Catherine (Hostetter) Haverstick. The par- ents reside in Manor township, but were born and reared in East Donegal township. Their history appears on another page, and the name of J. M. Haverstick, a brother, also appears elsewhere. Levi PI. Haverstick was married Dec. 24, 1875, in Manor township, to Anna B. Miller, by whom he has had the following children: Benjamin M., single, and at home ; Lizzie and Mary, both unmar- ried, and at home ; Anna, deceased ; Gertrude B., and Levi H., also at home. Mrs. Anna B. (IVliller) Haverstick was born in Manor township, and is a daughter of Abraham and Elizabeth (Kaufifman) Miller, both of whom were born and reared in Manor township. Her fa- ther passed an honorable and useful life on the old home farm until 1890, when he died at the age of seventy years. His, remains were interred in a pri- vate cemetery on the farm. His widow, who was born in 1826, now resides in Manor township. They were members of the Mennonite Church. Their family was as follows : Barbara, who is dead ; Lizzie, deceased, married J. E. Witmer, of York county ; Anna B., whose name apears above ; Mary, at home, unmarried ; Benjamin K., married and living on the home farm. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Anna B. Haverstick were Abraham and Mary Miller; they were farming people of Lancaster county, and stood very high in the community in which they passed their lives. Her maternal grandparents were Ben- jamin and Anna (Myers) Kauffman, also farming people. Levi.H. Haverstick remained with his parents until his marriage, when he established himself on the farm where his family may still be found. It consists of 118 acres, and has been maintained in a high state of cultivation. With his wife, he be- longed to the Mennonite Church, and both were recognized as among the solid and substantial peo- ple of the county. In politics he was a Republican, and in his life time was regarded as an influential citizen. The widow has operated the farm, but gives the farm dairy over to the management of her son. They reside near Mt. Joy, and are associated with the best elements of that section of Lancaster county. JOHN T. WEBER. Among the well-known educators of Lancaster county is John T. Weber, who belongs to one of the oldest and most honored families of this portion of the State of Pennsylvania. His grandfather, Jacob Weber, lived and died in Earl township, where he engaged in farming and also building, being a practical mechanic. Some of the first corn shellers used in Earl township were built by him. Jacob Weber was also a minister in the Old Mennonite Church. His marriage to Miss Esther Musser connected him with another of the old settled families of Lancaster county, and resulted in the birth of eight children : HenrV, a farmer in Indiana ; John M., a farmer in West Earl township, in this county; Jacob M., a minister of the Men- nonite Church ; Michael, the late father of John T. ; Martha, the wife of Martin Buckwalter ; Catherine, the wife of Daniel Buchwalter; Annie and Eliza- beth, deceased. Michael Weber, the father of John T., was born m Earl township, in 1834, and in early life he was a farmer, but later engaged in the manufacture of a kind of condition powder for horses and cattle, a preparation which gained a wide sale. Michael BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 947 Weber was a man of special intelligence, a great reader, and was particularly interested in the edu- cational advancement of his community. His mar- ' riage was to Miss Mary Taylor, their only child be- ing John T., the subject of this sketch. John T. Weber was born in _West Earl township, on Sept. I, 1858. His boyhood was spent on the farm, his education being acquired in the public schools, which he attended during the winter ses- sions, making such progress in his studies that at the age of seventeen, he was able to begin teaching. For two years he was engaged at Speedwell, in Elizabeth township, and after that he spent one year in the produce business. For the five succeed- ing years he was engaged in the tobacco farming- business, but at tlie close of this period he returned to Penn township, teaching one term of school in Elizabeth. Then began a period of teaching in the Fairview school, Penn township, which has ex- tended over seventeen years, the ties between pupils, patrons and instructor being close and mutually productive of good. Mr. Weber in politics is a Republican and takes an intelligent interest in all public matters. For seventeen years he has served in the office of justice of the peace and has been prominently identified with all of the educational movements in his town- ship. Mr. Weber was the first registry assessor of his township, was a member of the Republican county committee, and is one of the zealous workers m the Lutheran Church in Penryn, and also the superintendent of the Sunday-school. The marriage of Mr. Weber was to Miss Olivia Biemsderfer, and nine children were born to this union two of whom passed away. The seven sur- vivors are Harvey B., Elizabeth B., Benjamin H., Edgar B., Mamie B., Vera B., and Ruth B., all still under the home roof. Few men in this part of county have done more for the advancement of education than Mr. Weber. His standard is high and his influence in the direc- tion of progress is felt through the community. The family is highly esteemed and justly considered a representative one of Penn township. GEORGE CRANE. This distinguished citi- zen of Lancaster county is widely known and highly esteemed in commercial and financial circles throughout eastern Pennsylvania. His well-ap- pointed home is at Mountville, but his place of busi- ness is at Columbia, where he holds the responsible position of treasurer of the Columbia Trust Com- pany. The story of his life forms an integral part of the later financial history of the county and is replete with interest. , Mr. Crane was born Aug. 29, 1849, at Jersey Shore, Lvcoming county, the son of Robert Crane. His mother was Elizabeth McClung, a daughter of Jacob M. Strickler. His early education was ob- tained in the common schools of Jersey Shore and Columbia, his' parents removing to the last named place when he was yet a child. In 1868, at the age of nineteen, he began life's battle for himself. His first employment was as baggage master and assist- ant ticket agent at the Pennsylvania Railroad sta- tion. After two years thus spent, he accepted the office of agent for the Adams Express Company be- tween Columbia and Philadelphia. In this respon- sible position he displayed those qualities of un- swerving integrity, sound sense and cool, ready dis- crimination which have since won for him a respect which is at once undisguised and unlimited on the part of those who know him best. For nineteen years he was paying teller of the First National Bank of Columbia. Resigning this position he re- moved to Wilkes Barre to accept the agency of the Connecticut Mutual Life Insurance Company. Dur- ing his residence at Columbia, Mr. Crane married Mrs. Emily M. Gossler, the widow of Col. Philip Gossler. The position of agent did not prove congenial to Mr. Crane's tastes, and seeing an opportunity to establish a bank at Mountville, he removed thither from Wilkes Barre within six months. Such was his reputation for quick perception of business op- portunities, good judgment and unfailing veracity, that within twenty-four hours he had secured the pledge of $50,000 necessary to put the institution on its feet, and on Nov. 21, 1887, the Mountville National Bank opened its doors for the transaction of business. The institution proved successful from the day of its inception. It paid honestly earned dividends of five per cent, and when Mr. Crane withdrew from the management, after eleven years he left $19,000 in undivided profits. He sundered his connection with the bank, however, to accept his present position with the Columbia Trust Company. Another successful business venture by Mr. Crane was the organization of the Mountville Plow Works. This concern purchased the plant of the Mount Joy Plow Works and removed it to Mountville. The legal title of the corporation is the Mountville Manu- facturing Company, and Mr. Crane acted as its treasurer until March i, 1900, when he resigned the office. He has also been a director in the Susque- hanna Rolling Mills for seventeen years. Mr. Crane is an active member of the Masonic fraternity, of high degree, belonging to the blue lodge, of which for twenty years he has been the chairman of its trustees. When he assumed the management of its affairs he found the lodge with only $150 in the hands of its trustees. To his new duties, however, he brought the business acumen, executive ability and sterling integrity which have been his salient characteristics through life, and at the present time the institution has a comfortable balance in the bank of over $2,300, and a Masonic Temple costing $28,000. Mr. Crane is a devout, liberal and consistent member of the Presbyterian Church, having served for nine years as a trustee and been a deacon for six years. Both these offices he has now resigned. He 948 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY is a generous contributor to the cause of religion and his private charities, while unostentatious, are numerous. Prior to 1896 he acted with the Demo- cratic party in politics, but in that year voted for the Republican candidates, tie is deservedly pop- ular, and his influence throughout the county is potent and far-reaching. Reference has been made to his marriage with Mrs. Emily Gossler, which occurred Nov. 21, 1878. Mrs. Crane is the daughter of Major Daniel- and Sarah Washabaugh, of Bedford, her mother a na- tive of Hagerstown, Md. Her father was an iron founder and a man of wealth and prominence, both social and political. During the Civil war he was attached to the staff of Pennsylvania's great "war governor," Andrew G. Curtin, to which fact he. owed his title of major. Mrs. Crane's first husband was Col. Pliilip, the son of Philip and Catherine Gossler, of Columbia. Philip, Sr., was the son of Jacob Gossler, and was born in Germany, as was also his father. For many years father and son con- ducted the "Gossler (afterward the "Sun") Hotel" in Columbia. DAVID W. MOWRER, harness merchant of Quarryville, Lancaster county, was born Sept. 19, 185 1, son of Adam and Elizabeth A. (Witmer) Mowrer. He was educated in the public schools of Quarryville, and, in 1870, he began to learn the trade of saddler and harnessmaker with A. R. Wolf- ersberger, of Quarryville, remaining with him for three years. He then purchased his employer's stock, and has since conducted the business. In 1894 he admitted William Fisher, who had learned the trade with him, into partnership. The business has been very successful and the stock includes a full line of harness, blankets, robes, and all essentials of the trade. While Mr. Mowrer began with limited capital, he has become one of the most prosperous merchants of the borough. He owns an entire block of property on Church street, where his place of business is located. On Oct. 26, 1875, Mr. Mowrer married Anna L., daughter of Amos and Mary Wade, of Lancaster county. Mrs. Mowrer was born in Drumore town- ship, Dec. 27, 1855. No children have been born to this union. In politics, Mr. Mowrer is a Repub- lican, was one of the first councilmen after the or- ganization of the borough, and still occupies that office. Mr. and Mrs. Mowrer are members of the Reformed Church, and Mr. Mowrer is elder, treas- urer and sexton of the church. He is also secretary and treasurer of the Quarryville Cemetery Com- pany. He is a member of the Odd Fellows Lodge, of Quarryville, and is regarded as a leading busi- ness man of the place, at all times ready to lend a helping hand in aiding any project for the improve- ment of the town. He has worked his way from a poor boy into a place at once honorable and prom- inent in the community. He is charitable and is a liberal contributor to the support of the church and other institutions of use and benefit. Both he and his worthy wife have many friends in Quarryville and its vicinity. Adam Mowrer, the father of David W., is a retired lime burner and farmer of Quarryville, and was born in Eden township, Lancaster county, Aug. 4, 1823. The parents of Adam Mowrer, John and Christina (Barr) Mowrer, were both born in Lan- caster county, and John's parents were Adam and Elizabeth M'owrer, who were the founders of the family in Pennsylvania, coming from Germany. The latter couple were the parents of eight children, all of whom were living at. the time of the death of the aged pioneers, in 1846. The record is as follows: Katie (now deceased), wife of David Herr; John, father of Adam, who died in 1884, at the age of eighty-six, and whose wife died four years later ; David, who settled on a farm in Lan- caster county, where he died; Jacob, who is de- ceased; Julia (deceased), wife of Henry Keen, of Hawkesville, Lancaster county; Margaret (de- ceased), wife of John Pendleton; Mary (deceased) wife of Eli Keen, of Eden township. John Mowrer, father of Adam, settled on a farm in Eden township, where he spent the greater part of" his life, working the place and burning lime. He died in 1884 and his wife in 1888. This couple were the parents of thirteen children, ten of whom are still living, Jacob, the eldest, having died in Lancas- ter county in 1898, and left a widow and family still residents of the coimty; Adam, the father of our subject; Martin, of Lancaster county; David, a resident of Missouri; Benjamin, of Lancaster City; Amos, of Christiana, Lancaster county; Al- bert, a carpenter, living at Christiana; Samuel, of Lancaster City; Susan, unmarried, living with her brother Albert; Elizabeth, wife of Jacob Keen (de- ceased), of Lancaster county; Mahala, wife of Charles Girfin (deceased), of Lancaster county. Adam Mowrer was married to Elizabeth Ann, daughter of David and Hannah Witmer, of Bart township, in August, 1846. After their marriage, they moved to East Lampeter township, where Mr. Mowrer worked at .farming for three years ; then they moved to the village of Quarryville, where he built him a house, and where they have since resided for a period of fifty years, there being only four houses in the place when they moved to it. They are the parents of eight children, two of whom are dead: Laura died in childhood. Benjamin (de- ceased), born in 1854, married Miss Harriet Reese; they resided in Lancaster city, where the husband died in 1894, leaving a widow and four children, who still reside in Lancaster city. John, born in February, 1847, resides.at Coatesville, and has a wife and one daughter, Ida, the wife of Frederick Fisher, of Chester county. Catherine, born in December, 184Q, is the wife of James Cummings, residing in Strasburg township; they have three children, Emma, Elizabeth and John. William H., born April 23, 1853, went to Newcomerstown, Ohio, mar- BIOGRAPHfCAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 949 ried there, and is an engineer in that city; he has five children, Roy, Myrtle, Frederick, Bessie and Essie. Christiana, born March 4, 1858, is the wife of George Beck, of Colerain, Pa. ; they have seven children, Anna, Florence, William, Charles, Harry, Teresse and David. Susan, born in September, 1866, is the wife of Henry Siffner, a business man of Lancaster City; they have no children. Ida, born Nov. 9, 1863, is the wife of John Clov, a business man of Lancaster city ; they have no children. Adam Mowrer is a Republican in politics, but has never sought office at the hands of his party. Both he and his wife are members of the Reformed Church, and during the many years of their resi- dence in Quarryville, have been the instruments of many good deeds and acts of charity. They enjoy the friendship and esteem of all those whose pleas- ure it is to have been their acquaintances. SAMUEL S. FAUSNACHT is a retired farm- er of Rapho township, and was born in Lebanon county, Pa., Oct. 29, 1847, son of Henry and Mary (Shirk) Fausnacht, of Lebanon county. • , Henry Fausnacht, the father, was a farmer un- til the latter years of his life, when he retired from active duties. He died in 1880, aged sixty years, and his wife followed him in 1889, ^t the age of sixty- eight years. They are buried at Hershey's Church, Dauphin Co., Pa. The following children were born to this union: Elizabeth (deceased), wife of Levi Brown ; Jacob, who died in 1899 ; Leah, wife of John Bowman, a retired farmer of Lebanon ; Fianna (died in 1896), wife of Samuel Kegerise; Henry, a farmer of Lebanon county ; Michael, a retired farmer of Lebanon, Pa., and Eli (deceased), twins; Samuel S. (the subject of this sketch) and Adam S. (farmer of Lebanon county), twins; and George, who died in 1898. On Sept. 23, 1871, Samuel S. Fausnacht mar- ried Miss Susan Baker, of Lebanon county. No children have been born to them. Mrs. Fausnacht. was born in Rapho township, Oct. 3, 1841, daugh- ter of John and Ann (Stauffer) Baker, of Rapho township, where both died. The father was a farm- er. He died in 1874, at eighty-two years of age, and his wife died in 1891, at the age of eighty-four years. They are buried in the Lutheran Church cemetery in Londonderry township, Chester county. There were born to this union : Catherine, widow of Abraham Stauffer, living with her brother-in-law, Mr. Fausnacht; Mary, widow of John Coble, of Steelton, Pa. ; George, a farmer of Conewago, Pa. ; Samuel, a farmer of Mt. Joy township; John, a farmer in Lebanon county; Elizabeth, widow of Peter Pickle, of Rapho township ; Martin, who died ■ in youth ; Solomon, a retired farmer of Salunga, Pa. ; Joseph, a jeweler in Lebanon county; Susan, wife of Mr. Fausnacht; Anna, wife of Josiah Fitterer, of Palmvra, Pa. : Caroline, of Lebanon, Pa. ; and Sallie, unmarried, living with her brother-in-law, Mr. Fausnacht. Samuel S. Fausnacht lived at home with his par- ents until twenty-one years of age, and then began farming on his own account. His efiforts have always been well directed, and he has been highly pros- perous. He retired from active work in 1900 and since then has taken life easy. He keeps himself well posted on all current events and stands high in his vicinity as a man and neighbor. He and his family are members of the German Baptist Church. DAVID M. ESHELMAN, a plumber and steam fitter at Elizabethtown, was born in Mt. Joy town- ship, Lancaster county, July 20, 1858, and is a son of the Rev. Abraham L. and Anna H. (Martin) Eshelman, both born and bred in Mt. Joy township. The father was a carpenter and cabinet maker in his younger days, and then became a farmer. In 1880 he gave up active farm work, having been ordained as a German Baptist preacher two years previously. He was born Nov. 24, 1830, and died March 20, 1896. Flis widow died Jan. 5, 1897, and both were buried in the Green Tree Church cemetery. She was sixty years of age at the time of her death, and was the mother of the following children: David M., whose name appears above; Isaac, who died in infancy; Annie, who married Henry Musser, and lives on the old homestead in the township of Mt. Joy. Isaac Eshelman, grandfather of David M. Eshel- man, was born near Colebrook, Lebanon county, April 26, 1794. During his younger years he moved to Mt. Joy township, Lancaster county, where he learned the blacksmith's trade and later engaged in farming; he married Barbara Longnecker, also a native of Lebanon county. She was born Nov. 4, 1792, and died March 24, 1861. Her husband died March 8, 1877. Both are buried in the family burial ground, located on the farm which they occupied, situated about two miles southeast of Elizabethtown. David M. Eshelman was married Nov. 20, 1880, in Londonderry township, Dauphin county, to An- nie M. Kieffer, a native of Dauphin county, and a daughter af Rev. Samuel and Catherine (Brinser) Kieft'er. Her parents were born in Dauphin county, but moved to Elizabethtown in 1891, and there spent the remainder of their days. Her father was a preacher of the United Zion Brethren Church, and died May 18, 1897, at the age of fifty-eight years, his remains being interred in Mt. Tunnel cemetery. Prior to his ordination as a minister in 1878, he was a farmer. Mrs. Catherine Kieffer is now living with her daughter, Mrs. Eshelman, and has attained the age of sixty-one. Their children are as follows : Daniel B., a horse dealer in Middletown, Pa. ; Annie M., who is the wife of David M. Eshelman. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Eshelman was the Rev. Daniel Kieffer, a farmer and a United Zion Brethren preacher, who lived and died on the Kieff- er homestead near Hanoverdale, Dauphin county. The maternal grandparents of Mrs. Eshelman were Rev. Matthias and Catherine (Heisey) Brinser, 950 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY both natives of Dauphin county. He was a farmer, a preacher, the founder and first bishop of the United Zion Brethren Church. By a singular co- incidence, both Mr. Eshelman and his wife seem to have descended from a family of preachers, for not only were the fathers of both ministers of the gospel, but Mr. Eshelman had three uncles and one grand- uncle of that profession, all of various denomina- tions, while his wife has a record of both grand- fathers, three uncles and one granduncle who were ministers. Mr. and Mrs. Eshelman remained on the old Eshelman homestead until 1889, when they removed to Elizabethtown, where he secured a position with the firm of A. Buch's Sons, which he has held to the present time, with satisfaction to his employers and credit to himself. Mr. and Mrs. Eshelman are members of the United Zion Brethren Church, and are highly esteemed in the community where their industnous and useful lives are passing. He is a Republican and a man of the utmost integrity. SAML^EL B. ERB, a prominent business man of Lititz, Lancaster Co., Pa., was born on his fa- ther's farm near that borough Nov. 8, 1861, and was educated in the public schools and the Lititz Acad- emy. Samuel Erb, father of Samuel B., was born in Warwick township, this county, at Erb's Mill, in 1815, and passed his boyhood on the home farm and in his father's mill, in the meantime receiving his education in the public schools. Agriculture was his calling through life and he became a man of great influence and prominence in the community. He was one of the founders of the Lititz National Bank, and one of the directors for about fifteen years. He married Miss Annie Brubaker, who was born in Elizabeth township, Lancaster county, in 1817. To this marriage were born three children, viz. : Elizabeth, deceased ; Barbara, wife of An- drew Lane, of Manheim township, and Samuel B. The father of this family died July 5, 1894, and the mother in 1896. Samuel B. Erb began his business life as a farmer and followed the vocation seventeen years. In 1895 he became identified with the Rome distillery, one mile east of Lititz, and has since operated it. In 1898 he retired from farm life. Mr. Erb was one of the four gentlemen who founded the Keystone Knitting (or underwear) Mills at Lititz, of which he is now the third owner. He was a stockholder and director in the old waterworks company of Lititz, but later became one of the organizers of the new system. He was a director in the Independent Telephone Company of Lancaster county, of which he was one of the founders, and is a director in the Lititz National Bank. He was also one of the founders, directors and principal movers of The J. M. Mast Manufacturing Company, now in opera- tion, located at Lititz, Pa., and formed in 1902 ; one of the promoters and founders of The Wellington Mfg. Co. (known as the Mother's Starch Company), located at Lititz, Pa., and organized in 1902, of which he is now half owner; and promoter of the Lititz Bretzel Company, of Lititz, Pa., an industry well worthy of its name. He is certainly one of the most enterprising and public-spirited men in Lititz, and as such enjoys a reputation that is enviable in every particular. In 1879, Mr. Erb married Miss Ida M. Rupp, a native of Leacock township, Lancaster county, and a daughter of Joseph and Barbara Rupp. This union has been graced with two daughters. May R., and Anna R., now accomplished young ladies and ornaments of the society circles of Lititz. JOHN P. M. R.\UB, a retired hotel man of Quarryville, Lancaster county, was born in Dru- more township Dec. 8, 1861. He was reared on his father's farm and received a common-school educa- tion. In 1885 he began business for himself, engag- ing in the butcher's trade, which he followed for about two years, leaving it to enter the livery busi- ness; this he continued for nearly three years. In 1890, he was married to Miss Melissa Swisher, daughter of Patrick and Susan Swisher, prominent people of Eden township. Mrs. Raub was born in 1871, and grew to womanhood on her parents' homestead, gaining her education in the common schools of the district. After their marriage, Mr. Raub settled on a rented farm where he lived one year, when he sold out his stock and purchased the "Railroad Plotel" in Quarryville borough, which he successfully conducted for six years. He then sold out to William Armstrong, and bought the "Wash- ington Hotel," in the same borough, which he com- l^letely remodeled into one of the best hotels in the neighborhood. He continued in the "Washington Hotel" until 1901, when he sold the place to Will- iam Armstrong, the same man who' had bought the "Railroad Hotel'' from him at an earlier period. Mr. Raub, since his retirement from the "Washington Hotel," has not been actively engaged in the busi- ness, in which, during his earlier career, he was so- very successful. He has been able to accumulate considerable wealth, which speaks volumes for his judgment and sagacity, as he started in life with small means. No children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Raub. In politics Mr. Raub has always been identified with the Old-line Democracy, and has been a mem- ber of the borough council for four years. He was reared in the Presbyterian faith. Although yet a young man he has for the last eighteen years been well and favorably known ; landlords of this portion of Pennsylvania, and every one who has the pleasure of his acquaintance, speak in terms of the highest praise of him. His name will be a lifelong memory to many who have partaken of feasts at his hos- pitable board. Mrs. Raub also will be kindly re- membered for her courtesy and affable manner by the local as well as by the traveling public. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 951 J. iVr. P. Raub is the eldest son of Dr. Henry E. Raub, a leading physician of Quarryville, who was born in Martinsville, Pa., Octrsi, 1830. His par- ents were John and Mary (Miller) Raub. John Raub was born in Soudersbnrg, Lancaster county, in July, 1800, son of Jacob Raub, who was born in Switzerland, emigrated thence to this coun- try, and, after the war of 1812, settled in Lancaster county, where he raised a family of nine children, who afterward settled in different parts of the State. John Raub married Miss Mary Miller in 1823, and located in Martinstown, where he followed the trade of tailor for some time, afterward engaging in mer- cantile pursuits, which occupied his attention until a few years prior to his death, in 1865. His wife was born in 1800, and died in the family home at Martinsville, in 1853. The couple reared a family of five sons: (i) J. Miller, who was born in 1854, engaged for many years in the lumber trade on the Schuylkill river, and then, moving to Michigan, followed the same business, dying at Big Rapids, Mich., a few years ago. His widow and three chil- dren are still residing in Michigan. (2) Dr. John H. was born in Lancaster county, in March, 1828, and after admission to practice, settled in Quarry- ville, where he continued living until 1856, when he moved to Providence, and practiced there until his death, in 1867. He is survived by two children — Gaylord, of Quarryville, and Lilly S., wife of Will- iam Herr, of New Bloomfield, Iowa. (3) S. W. was born in 1832, is now a merchant tailor of Lan- caster city, and has a family of five children. (4) Prof. A. M. was born in March, 1840. He received a classical education at various institutions, and was elected superintendent of the Ashland schools, and served in that capacity for some time, afterward filling a similar position in the Kutztown school for a number of years. He was then appointed prin- cipal of the Lockhaven Normal School, in which position he served until elected county superintend- ent of education of Clinton county, Pa., which po- sition he held until 189 1, when he was elected presi- dent of the Delaware College, at Newark. He still resides in that place, but resigned his position some time ago, and is living a retired life. Considerable of his time, however, is given to literary work, in educational lines, and he is widely known in this connection. He has a wife and six children, two of his sons holding prominent positions in educa- tional work in Boston and Philadelphia. (5) Dr. Henry E. grew to manhood in Lancaster county. After teaching school and clerking in his father's store for a time, he in 1854, took up the study of medicine. In 1856 he was graduated from the Penn- sylvania Medical College, and then began practice in Drumore township, afterward coming to Quarry- ville, where he has resided and followed his profes- sion for the past thirty years. From time to time, he purchased real estate in Quarryville borough and other . localities, and owns several well-cultivated farms in the vicinity of his home. In 1861 he mar- ried Catherine, daughter of Patterson and Amelia Mordewell, of Columbia, Lancaster county. Mrs. Raub was born in Selins Grove, Pa., in 1832, and is the mother of three children — J. M. P., already referred to in this sketch ; Harry M., born in 1864, unmarried, and acting as superintendent of his fa- ther's farms ; and Dr. R. V. S., who was born in 1872, and educated in the Millersville schools, where he took a special course in languages. He after- ward graduated at the Jefferson Medical College, in Philadelphia, and is now practicing in Chester county. He married Miss Lizzie Groff, of Quarry- ville borough, and to their union one son, Henry E., has been born. In politics Dr. Plenry E. Raub is a Jacksonian Democrat. He has held the office of school director in the borough for many years, was the first burgess of the borough, and filled that position with marked ability. The Doctor was brought up in the Luth- eran faith, while his wife is a member of the Pres- byterian Church. He is a member of Washington Lodge of Masons, No. 156, and has for many years been a member of the Odd Fellows. BENJAMIN F. MINICH, a veterinary surgeon of considerable note at Columbia, Lancaster Co., Pa., was born in that borough April 17, 1858, and is a son of Henry G. and Anna C. (Albright) Min- ich, of whom a biographical sketch will be found elsewhere. In 1876, Benjamin F. Minich left Columbia and went to Kent, Ohio, and for four vears worked for his brother, N. J. A. Minich, publisher of the Kent Saturday Bulletin; for the following four years he had charge of the printing department of the Rail- way Speed Recorder Company. In 1884 he went to New York City and took a two-years course in the American Veterinary College, and on graduating returned to Columbia, where he has secured a lu- crative practice and achieved an enviable reputa- tion, and where he is engaged in horse breeding, owning several fine stallions. In 'October, 1888, Mr. Minich married Miss Anna R. Hinkle, a daughter of Joseph Hinkle, and for eight years a school teacher in Columbia. To this union has been born one child, Mary Jones.- Joseph Hinkle, late retired' contractor and builder, was born in Columbia, Dec. 16, 1835, a son of Joseph and Margaret (Fisher ) Hinkle, also na- tives of Columbia. Joseph Hinkle was a farmer in his younger days, was noted as an expert wood-- chopper and he and Joseph Maze, who married his (Hinkle's) sister, cleared most of the land on which Columbia is now built. Joseph Hinkle, the father, died in 1866, at the age of eighty-six years. The mother died in 1845, at the age of fifty-five. Both were members of the Lutheran Church, and their remains were interred in Mt. Bethel cemetery. Joseph Hinkle, however, was three times married, and to his first marriage were born four daughters and two sons, viz : David ; Patience, who was mar- 952 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ried to George Fisher; Isaac; Susan M., who was married to a Mr. Lawhead; Elizabeth; Christiann, who was married to Charles Strine — all now de- ceased. The second marriage was to Margaret Fisher ; and to this union were born Sarah, wife of John Haines, retired, of Harrisburg; Joseph; Henry H., who died in Lanijaster; Samuel, an ex- soldier and now superintendent of a rolling-mill in Harrisburg, and William, a machinist in Columbia. The third marriage was to Martha Fairs, but to this union no children were born. On May i6, 1857, Joseph Hinkle, the younger, married, in Columbia, Miss. Mary Jones, and to this union the following named children were born: Thomas W., a contractor and builder; Anna, who died young; Anna, married to Benjamin Minich; James I^., a contractor and builder in Cleveland, Ohio ; Maria J., wife of Henry Albright, a shipping clerk in Columbia. Mrs. Mary (Jones) Hinkle was born in Caernarvonshire, South Wales, March 4, 1833, and is a daughter of John and Anna (Bowen) Jones, the latter of whom died in 1837. The former married again and came to America in 186 1 ; he was a farmer and settled in Wisconsin, in which State he died in 1862, at the age of eighty years. To this marriage there were born eight children, viz. : Henry, who was an officer in the British army, and died in London ; John, who died m Pittsburg, Pa. ; William, who died in Wheeling, West Va. ; David, who was also an officer in the English army and died in London ; Thomas, who enlisted in the regu- lar army of the United States and died in this coun- try ; Reece, who died in Pittsburg, Pa. ; Evan, a farmer in Ohio, and Mary (Mrs. Hinkle). The paternal grandparents of Mrs.- Mary Hinkle were farming people and passed their lives in Wales. Joseph Hinkle attended school about two months each year in boyhood, but from the age of eight until seventeen years he worked hard for his father on the farm ; he was then employed in farm teaming for two months with a half-brother, James Riter, then worked three months in a stone quarry, and next served an apprenticeship of two and a half years at stone masonry and bricklaying with Henry Albright ; after that he worked at teaming for quarries, foundries, etc., and at bricklaying. He was toll-gate keeper on the Columbia-Chestnut Hill turnpike from 1878 until 1895, and while hold- ing this position did a great deal of contracting and building, erecting about nineteen houses in Colum- bia, and retiring in the year last mentioned. In politics he was a Republican, and served as chief burgess in 1866 and 1867. Fraternally he was a Red Man. He died Oct. 11, 1902, and now sleeps in Laurel Hill cemetery, near his birthplace. JACOB F. WISLER, who for a number of years prior to his death lived retired in Columbia, was born in that borough June 6, 1813, son of Lewis and Anna (Forrey) Wisler, natives of Philadelphia and Lancaster county, respectively. The father, who was born in 1780, came to Columbia to engage in the manufacture of brick, and died in Bainbridge, Pa., while on a visit, Sept. 25, 1852 ; his wife, who was born in 1781, died in 1856. In religion she was a Mennonite. They were married in Columbia, and had a family of ten children, all now deceased, viz. : John, who died March 10, 1863; Michael, who died in February, 1862; Elizabeth, who died in infancy; Philip, who died near Newportville, Bucks Co., Pa., in 1890; Jacob F., whose name opens this para- graph; Mary, deceased, in 1871, who was married to Robert M. Harry, who died in 1885 ; Samuel, who died in January, 1895 ; Henry who died May II, 1 90 1, a retired farmer of West Hempfield town- ship, Lancaster county, he and Jacob F. being the last survivors of this large family; Anna, Mrs. Wentz, who died in Virginia in 1870; and Lewis, who died in Kansas, June 26, 1891. The Wisler family of Columbia, Pa., and vicin- ity, had for its first progenitor in America, Michael Wisler, who came to this country between 1740 and 1750. His son Michael, who was born in Chester county, Pa., in 1756, in May, 1776, enlisted for ser- vice in the Revolutionary war, serving twenty months under Capt. Henry Christ, who commanded a company in Col. Miles' regiment of riflemen ; with that command he participated in several engage- ments, viz. : Flatbush, L. I., where but one-fifth of the Americans escaped ; White Plains, N. Y. ; Tren- ton and Princeton, N. J. ; and Brandywine and Ger- mantown, Pa. He was twice wounded in these en- gagements. In January, 1778, he was discharged from. the service, at the camp at Valley Forge, on account of disability. Some time afterward he mar- ried Sophia Harpel, who was born in Montgomery county in the year 1761. Her name, as shown in the "Tauff Schein," was Sophia Herblin, but has always been known as Harpel among her descend- ants. In 1794 Michael Wisler volunteered to serve in the army then being sent to the western part of the State, to suppress the Whiskey Rebellion, then dis- turbing the public peace ; when a portion of the army bad come to and was crossing the Susquehanna river, at Columbia, then but recently (1788) laid out as a town, he met and conversed with Samuel Wright, owner of the ferry and promoter of the new town, who nientioned that a manufacturer of brick was needed in the promising young community. Mr. Wisler told Mr. Wright that he had acquired a knowledge of the business in Philadelphia, and that after the war was over he would stop at Columbia on his way back to Philadelphia, and look for suit- able clay ; he did so, and found it on the farm north of town which is now occupied by his descendants, and where brick was made for m^ny years. His son Lewis became the owner of the farm, and was suc- ceeded by his son Henry, who lived there until his death. Michael Wisler died Sept. 14, 1824. Jacob F. Wisler attended school continuously until eleven years old, and then went to work in the brickyard, and while there employed had school ad- J'a e ct^^cTj^ ^(^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 953 vantages during the winters only until about fifteen and a half years old. He then went to Millersville, Lancaster county, served an apprenticeship of four and a half years at blacksmithing, then worked on the home farm for a while, and later again in the brickyard until 1848. He then rented a blacksmith shop at the railroad yards in Reading, conducting same ten years, and next built a brewery in the same town, which he operated eight years. He then started a brewery on a small scale at his present Tiome, and in 1884 retired from active business. His death, which occurred Feb. 27, 1902, was mourned by the community generally. In politics Mr. Wisler was originally a Democrat, but at the breaking out of the Rebellion became a Republican. He served in the town council. On April 3, 1842, Jacob F. Wisler was joined in marriage, at Columbia, with Miss Susan Anna Baer, and to this union there were born two children: John B., secretary of the Fairview Milling Com- pany, who married M. Lillie Snyder, of Columbia; iind Rebecca B., who died at the age of two years. Mrs. Susan A. (Baer) Wisler was born in York county, Pa., May 30, 1819, and died March i, 1901. She was a daughter of John and Mary A. (Beh- miller) Baer, of York county, who died there. John Baer was a river pilot, and also conducted a gun- smith shop, in which he employed several men. He ■died in 1841, when forty-five years old, and his wife preceded him to the grave in 1825. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Wisler, Isaac Baer, of Stras- burg, Lancaster county, carried on a gun shop in York, Pa., and there died. JOHN HOCKING was born Oct. 18, 1852, in the parish of St. Germans, in the eastern part of Cornwall, bordering on Devonshire, near the old town of Plymouth. His parents were Samuel and Mary Hocking, and the Hocking family is of a very ancient line as appears by the annals of the various parishes in that part of England, where the differ- ent generations of this name were principally en- gaged in farming and as mechanics. John Hocking was baptized in the parish church at St. Germans, which belonged to the Church of England. His education was secured at a national school, which at that time was , under the control of the Established Church. Following a natural incHnation, he went into mining early, and worked in the deep mines of England, where he operated in lead, copper and coal. Interested in the scope of mining, which he found to be very wide, he studied mineralogy and geology, as well as mining ma- chinery. His investigations covered native forma- tions, the nature of the material in which the dif- ferent formations are found, and the different forms in which they lie. Mr. Hocking felt that greater opportunities and a larger field to work would be found by him on this side of the Atlantic ocean, so at the age of nineteen years he came to America, and located at Nickel Mines in Lancaster county. where he entered the employ of Joseph Wharton, whose works were at that time managed by Charles Doble. The business connection, thus early formed, was unbroken for many years until the closing of the works. Mr. Hocking was married in the spring of 1875 to the oldest daughter of Charles Doble, and to this marriage were born three boys and two girls. Some years after their marriage they purchased a farm near Georgetown, in Bart township, which was made the family home for fourteen years, Mr. Hocking continuing at the mines, and employing men to carry on the farming, to which his children were reared. After the closing of the nickel mines, Mr. Hocking, finding that his children's tastes did not run to an agricultural career, put his oldest son in the store at Nickel Mines. He purchased the dwell- ing, store property and stock of H. Gottschalk, at Kinzers, and opened a mercantile business at that point, with his two sons, Charles and John, April 12, 1896. He was made postmaster of Kinzers and had his two sons for assistants. The enterprise there proved a decided success, and he intended go- ing out of the mining business, and following mer- cantile pursuits. In 1897, however, he received a letter from J. Jessop, of York, making inquiries about some work in raining which he was carrying on in Maryland. Out of this correspondence grew the Liberty Copper mines, and the opening of this enterprise was managed by Mr. Hocking at a very fair salary. In the meantime he received a letter from Mr. Wharton asking him to superintend the work of developing the old nickel mines of Lan- caster county. This work being near his home and his business at Kinzers, he resigned his position at the Maryland works, and engaged with Mr. Whar- ton, who found by 1899 that the nickel mines were not rich enough to warrant competition with other countries. For a time he worked in Maryland with the people he had been employed by before, but the profits were not enough to warrant the search for gold, and Mr. Hocking was sent to Petersburg, I^ancaster county, to develop zinc mines, which were thought to run through that section of the lime stone valley in paying quantities. At the present time, Mr. Hocking is engaged again with J. Jessop & Co.,' of York, and has made some new develop- ments in the iron ore on Chestnut Hill, Lancaster county, in close proximity to Charles Grubb's mines. The property was owned and operated by the New York Mining Company up to 1876, but then the mines were considered to be exhausted and had been abandoned from that time. Mr. Hocking made care- ful examinations and found the courses of the ore, which in due time will show and produce large quantities of very rich ore. For many years Mr. Hocking and his family were associated with the Episcopal Church at Nickel Mines, where he filled all the offices of the vestry, and for many years was one of the wardens. 954 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY For twenty-six years he was superintendent of the Sabbath school. Personally, Mr. Hocking is a man of fine character, liberal attainments and a knowledge of mining superior to any other man in Lancaster county. His business methods are be- yond question, and he has accumulated a very fair fortune. ABRAM HERNLEY, a general farmer of Rapho township, resides on the family homestead where he was born, June 22, i860. He is the son of Peter and Barbara (Hershey) Hernley, who re- sided for many years on the same place. Peter Hernley, the father, died June 7, 1892, and is buried in Hernley 's Meeting House cemetery. The mother is still living at the age of seventy-five years, on a farm adjoining her son's place. There were born to Mr. and Mrs. Peter Hernley the fol- lowing children : Anna, the wife of Samuel Snave- ly, a Rapho township farmer ; Mary, widow of Ab- ram Metzler, of Penn township ; Lizzie, wife of Henry B. Longenecker, of Penn township, near Limerock, died Sept. 9, 1897 ; and Abram, the sub- ject of this sketch. Mr. Hernley's paternal grand- parents were Peter and Elizabeth (Lehman) Hern- ley, who resided on the farm owned by their grand- son, Abram. Peter Hernley died on the farm. He was a son of Christian Hernley, who, in turn, was the son of the pioneer of the family, Ulrich Horn, or Hernley, who emigrated from Switzerland and landed in Philadelphia Sept. 26, 1737. In 1759 this Ulrich Horn, or Hernley as he was afterwards known, secured from the Penn family patents to 174 acres of the present Hernley homestead. He was a shoemaker by trade, going from house to house, and as he could not always return home by night, his family often stayed alone in their little house. This house was closed by a shutter on the outside, and by aid of a ladder Mrs. Hernley and tlie children crawled up, drawing the ladder up after them. Thus they would remain through the night, listening to the wolves howling around the hut. Downingtown was the nearest place where the fam- ily could secure flour, and they were obliged to carry it all on horseback. He lived and died and is buried on the place which has ever since remained in the possession of the family. It will thus be seen that six generations of Hernleys have at different times owned the broad acres of the homestead, taken up and settled upon by their great-great-great- grandfather. Abram Hernley's grandparents on his mother's side were Abraham and Annie Her- shey, of Lancaster county. On Oct. 26, 1882, in Lancaster, Abram Hern- ley married Miss Lizzie Metzler. There have been born to this union the following children : Norah M., Minnie M., Barbara M., Peter M., Lizzie M., Martha M. and Esther M., all living at home with their parents. Mrs. Lizzie (Metzler) Hernley was born on the family homestead in Rapho township Aug. 5, 1862. Abram Hernley has always lived on his present home, with the exception of ten years which he passed on an adjoining farm. At the time of his marriage he removed to the old place, and has since resided on it. Mr. Hernley is a Republican in poli- tics, but the only office he ever filled was that of school director for a short term. He is thrifty in his habits and devotes his time to personal busi- ness affairs and has accumulated a fortune. With his family he is a member of the Mennonite church, and is well regarded in both religious and social circles for his moral character and pleasant ways. ABRAHAM W. BURKHOLDER. Among the prominent, wealthy and much esteemed citizens of West Earl township is Abraham W. Burkholder, a son of John and Fannie (Wenger) Burkholder, who was born on Oct. 18, 1852, coming of sturdy German stock. Grandfather Abraham Burkholder established a large and honorable family in Lancaster county, many of whom have become connected by marriage with other old and prominent families. The names of the children of Abraham Burkholder were Chris- tian, Abraham, Jonas, John, Samuel, Mary, Lizzie and Sarah. His son, John Burkholder, was born in 1808, and died in 1862, and was the father of nine children: Daniel, a resident of Ephrata; Levi, de- ceased ; David, a farmer of West Earl township ; Nancy, deceased ; Hattie, wife of David Burkholder, of West Earl township ; John and Abraham, who died in infancy ; Abraham, of this biography ; and Lizzie, the wife of Isaac Weaver, of Earl township. Abraham W. Burkholder was reared on the farm and received his education in the common schools, continuing to pursue agricultural pursuits after he had reached his majority. Endowed with good judgment, Mr. Burkholder has made a success of his farming operations, and owns much valuable prop- erty in Lancaster county. His home farm is located one mile northeast of Farmersville, and consists of sixty-six acres ; in addition to this, he owns a farm of seventy acres at Farmersville, a small farm of twenty-one acres in the same vicinity, and one of seventy acres in the neighborhood of Hinkletown. All of these properties are under a high state of cul- tivation, and have been improved, representing a large amount of money. Abraham W. Burkholder was married on Jan. 25, 1873, to Miss Katherine Zimmerman, a daugh- ter of Rev. Jacob and Katherine Zimmerman, of West Earl township, and this union has been blessed with these children : Martin, born in 1874, a farmer of West Earl township ; Fannie and Katherine died in childhood; Marv, at home; Eli, born in 1882, at home; Abraham, born in 1886, at home; and Jacob, born in 1890, at home. As one of the largest landholders in the town- ship Mr. Burkholder takes a leading position, and !"; a progressive and excellent citizen is known very favorably. In politics he is a Republican, and he is BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 955 one of the prominent members of the Mennonite church. As a neighbor he is kind and helpful, and lives a moral and estimable life, devoted to his family. JOHN N. MUSSER, a representative of one of the old families of East Hempfield township, Lan- caster Co., Pa., was born in Rapho township, near Mt. Joy, on the old homestead, Aug. i, 1857, a son of John and Catherine (Nissley) Musser, both now deceased. John, the father, was a son of Benjamin Musser, and a Miss Miller, while the maternal grandfather was named John Nissley. John Musser, the father of John N. Musser, was born in Conestoga town- ship, and when fifteen moved with the family to East Hempfield township, near Salunga, where he remained until he was married. At that time he removed to Rapho township, and purchased 109 acres "of land, and there lived until his retirement to Salunga, at which place his death occurred May 4, 1894, when he was sixty-seven years and twenty- five days old. During his life he was one of the successful farmers of the county, and he and his excellent wife were members of the Old Mennonite Church. To these parents were born nine chil- dren: Annie, wife of Henry Bender, of West Hempfield ; Lizzie, wife of John Weidman, of Penn township ; Benjamin N., a resident of East Donegal township ; John N. ; Fannie, wife of Phares Bom- berger, of Pennville, Penn township; Amos N., a resident of the old homestead in Rapho township ; Henry and two infants, deceased. The father was one of the active supporters of the church, and was twice a member of the building committee. The death of the mother occurred on Jan. 5, 1892, when she was sixty-four years of age. John N. Musser worked on his father's farm and received his education in the common schools of the neighborhood. When he was twenty-three, in 1880, he assumed the management of a farm in East Donegal township, belonging to his father, and here he remained for three years. Then he removed to The Junction, in Penn township, and remained there four years, when he located on his present farm, which is pleasantly located just north of Mechanics- ville, in East Hempfield township, and consists of thirty-four acres. Mr. Musser also owns the sixty acres adjoining his farm, and all of his property is well cultivated ; his improvements are in accordance with the latest ideas with regard to farming. His buildings are in excellent condition and his acres yield him good crops. In addition to his farming interests, Mr. Musser is a director in the Manheim National Bank, and a dealer in tobacco, and is very successful in all his ventures. On Oct. 19, 1879, Mr. Musser was married to Miss Anna H. Cassel, who was born in Rapho town- ship Dec. 25, i86t, the daughter of Jacob and Bar- bara (Hernlev) Cassel. One child has been born to Mr. and Mrs. Musser, Minnie C. Mr. Musser and his excellent wife are active members of the Old Mennonite Church, and are most worthy and highly respected people. In all matters of public interest Mr. Musser can always be depended upon to take a leading part, and the success which has followed him through life is well deserved, for he has always been thrifty and hard working. WILLIAM W. FAIRER, Jr., of the firm of Fairer & Son, proprietors of the Columbia (Pa.) Boiler Works, was born in Lancaster city Feb. 10, i860, and is a .son of Thomas and Frances (Myers) Fairer, natives, respectively, of Lancaster city and Manor township, in Lancaster county. Thomas Fairer was a carpenter by trade, and followed this calling until 1857, when he learned boiler making, at which he worked as journeyman in Lancaster; later he came to Columbia and es- tablished the boiler works at present operated by his son, William W., under the original firm name. In addition to boilermaking, the firm did general re- pairing and also conducted a bicycle store, and these industries are still continued by his son, the father having died March 9, 1894, at the age of sixty-five years. The works occupy a half acre of ground and furnish employment for twenty men. Mrs. Frances (Myers) Fairer was born in 1835 and now resides in Lancaster. By lier marriage to Thomas Fairer she became the mother of eight chil- dren, viz : Ida, the widow of Charles Phillips, and a resident of Lancaster ; Anna, who died young ; William W., whose name opens this biography; Frank, who passed away in childhood; Emma, the wife of Charles Bowman, a jeweler in Lancaster; Margerie, who is married to Harry Gast, a shoe- dealer, also in Lancaster; Myra, living with her mother; and Bessie, who died young. The paternal grandparents of William W. Fair- er were Lanslott and Elizabeth Fairer, of whom the former was a native of England and a shoemaker by trade, and the latter a native of Lancaster, where both ended their days. William W. Fairer has been twice married. In 1883 at Lancaster he chose for his bride Maggie Schenk, who was born in that city in 1861, and was a daughter of Henry and Mary Schenk. Her fa- ther, now deceased, was a jeweler; her mother still lives in Lancaster. Mrs. Maggie Fairer bore, her husband two children, Ada and Bessie, and passed away in 1889. In September, 1890, Mr. Fairer chose for his second companion Miss Ella G. Cornog, and she has borne him one child, W. Atlee. Mrs. Ella G. Fairer was born in Newark, New Castle Co., Del., and is the only child of George and Catherine Cor- nog. Mr. Fairer is regarded as one of the most enter- prising business men in Columbia, and socially mingles with the best classes of its residents. Fra- ternally he is a member of the K. of M. and Junior Mechanics, and in politics is a Republican. 956 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY H. M. DRYBREAD, a leading citizen of Clay township, was born Dec. 12, 1856, son of Jacob H. and Annie Druckehbrode, the name being changed by the subject of this* sketch to its present English spelling. Jacob Druckenbrode, the grandfather of H. M. Drybread, was an old settler in Clay township, and was the father of nine children : Jacob, Isaac, Ben- jamin, Jonas, Peter, Nancy, John, Jeremiah and Henry, all deceased. Jacob Druckenbrode, the fa- ther, was born in 1829, ^ii 1902. Enos P. Hayes of this sketch was reared on the farm and became thoroughly instructed in farm work, even while obtaining his education in the pub- lic schools. By the time he was ready to begin his own career, although with limited means, he had both experience and knowledge sufficient to enable him to succeed in his chosen line, and now he is the owner of one of the best farms in this locality, con- sisting of 125 acres, and improved with excellent buildings. Energy and industry have enabled Mr. Hayes to reach his ptesent financial position, and his success illustrates, without farther comment, the sure result of properly applied energy. The first marriage of Mr. Hayes was on Feb. 14, 1886, to Miss Ella King, of Little Britain township, who was a daughter of Marcenas and Isabel (Reath) King, of Britain township, and to this union three sons were born; Howard M., John P., and Mar- cenas. The death of Mrs. Hayes was in 1892. On Jan. 16, 1901, Mr. Hayes was united in mar- riage to Miss E. Laura McLaughlin, of Britain town- ship. (Extended mention of this well-known fam- ily will be found in another part of this volume.) They have one son, James McLaughlin Hayes, born Dec. 3T, 1901. Like his forefathers, Mr. Hayes is sincere in his devotion to the doctrines of the Presbyterian Church, and to the principles of the Democratic party. In his community he is known as a man of honor and responsibility, and the old stone house, now the family residence, erected over 100 years ago, offers hospitality to his many sincere friends. IRWIN CUTLER. A worthy representative of the Cutler family, in Lancaster county, is found in Irwin Cutler, one of the leading citizens of Dru- more township, now retired, who was born Sept. 16, 1861, son of Benjamin and Mary I. (Long) Cutler, of Chestnut Level. Benjamin Cutler, the great-grandfather of Irwin Cutler, was born in Bucks county, Pa., and there made his home until some years after his marriage. On July 25, 1778, he wedded Susannah Dunn, daughter of Ralph Dunn, and their fchildren were: Ruth, who married John Wood; Rachel, who be- came the wife of Joseph Blackburn; Benjamin, who married Marion Quinby; Jacob, who died unmar- ried; Hannah, who wedded John Fulton; Rebecca, who married George McMillan ; Jonathan, who was twice married; Susannah, who became the wife of William Cook; Jesse, who married Mary Stubbs; and Annie, who wedded John Stubbs. In religious belief the family were all Quakers. Jesse Cutler, son of Benjamin and Susannah, and the grandfather of Irwin Cutler, came from Bucks county. Pa., to Fulton township, Lancaster county, with his parents, when he was still a lad, and was reared in the Quaker belief. He married Mary Sttibbs, daughter of Joseph and Ruth (Pyle) Stubbs, the former of whom lived to the advanced age of ninety-six years. Besides Mrs. Cutler they had one other child, Orpha, who married Thomas Richards. To Jesse and Mary (Stubbs) Cutler were born : Joseph, who died young ; Adeline, who married William C. Boyd; Alban, deceased; Phi- lena, who married Elwood Stubbs, and Benjamin, who was the father of Irwin Cutler, of this sketch. Benjamin Cutler, son of Jesse and Mary, was born p-eb. 13, 1825, and engaged in farming, but is now living retired in Chestnut Level. He is one of the leading old settlers of southern Lancaster county, one of the most influential and one of the wealthiest. A stanch Republican, he always does his full duty as a citizen, but has never been pre- vailed upon to accept any party recognition. In the Presbyterian Church he is a devoted member and has long been a most liberal contributor to the sup- port of its charities and mission. work. On Nov. 21, i860, Benjamin Cutler was married to Miss Mary J. Long, who was born Jan. 22, 1832, a daughter of John and Ann Eliza (Read) Long, and one child, Irwin, blessed this union. John Long was a son of James and Margaret (Buchanan) Long, and was born Feb. 19, 1801 ; he died in 1884. The other children in the family of James and Margaret Long were : James B., who married Catherine Jefferson ; Robert, who married Elizabeth McVey; Arthur, who wedded. Eliza Shaw; Mary Ann, who became the bride of William C. Boyd; Eliza Martha, who married Jacob Awl; and George Henry, who was twice married. Mrs. Ann Eliza (Read) Long was a daughter of John and Jane (Bingham) Read, whose family consisted of the following children: Mary, born 1783, died 1856, married John Irwin; Margaret, born 1786, died unmarried in 1868; Jane, born 1790, married Samuel Martin, and died in 1841 ; Ann Eliza, born 1795, married John Long and died in 1861 ; and George married Jane Shan- non, of Indiana. John Read was born Oct. 10, 1754, a son of George and Mary (McElroy) Read, the former born in Martic township in 1725 and the latter in 1723. Mrs. Jane (Bingham) Read was twice married, her first husband having been Capt. Patrick Marshall, of Revolutionary fame, who was killed in 1777. John and Ann Eliza (Read) Long were the parents of four children: Margaret J. died young: James Henry, born in August, 182=;, died single; Mary I., born in 1832, married Benja- min Cutler; and John G. died young. Irwin Cutler acquired his education in the public schools of Dnimore township, and later took an acad- emic course in the Chestnut Level Academy, of Dru- more township. He has been interested in farming ever since, and owns one of the finest properties in this locality, and is one of the leading citizens. For five years he has been school director and for sev- enteen years was a trustee of the Chestnut Level Presbyterian Church; at present he is one of the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 997 stockholders in a home telephone company, known as the Southern Telegraph and Telephone Co., of Lancaster county. On Dec. i8, 1884, Mr. Cutler was married to Miss Annie B. Clark, of Drumore township, who was a dau^-hter of A. Scott and Isabella (Neeper) €lark. No children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Cutler, but a little girl, Ertha Reifsnyder, born on Sept. 16, 1880, was taken as their own, when she was quite small. Mr. and Mrs. Cutler are con- sistent members of the Presbyterian Church, and the family is one of the honored and leading ones of the •county. The first of the Clark family in America was John Clark, a native of Ireland. Thomas Clark, the great-grandfather of Mrs. Cutler, was born in Drumore township and became the father of the fol- lowing children : William, born Sept. 4, 1754 ; Vio- let, born June 11, 1755 ; Jean, born on Feb. ,25, 1757, married to James Ewing; Margaret, born Jan. 21, 1759, married to David Scott ; Mary, born June 10, 1760, married to Mr. Hutchison; John, born June 13, 1762; Abraham, born Aug. 28, 1764; Thomas, born Aug. 22, 1765, went to New York; Elizabeth, born Nov. it, 1767; Gabriel, born Oct. 12, 1709, a resident of New York ; Robert, born April 18, 1772 ; and Margaret, born Aug. 8, 1774. Robert Clark married Agnes Scott, who was born April 17, 1772, and died June 7, 1849. They were the parents of ten children, as follows : Thomas A., born Dec. 18, 1805, died July 22, 1885 ; William J., born Feb. 6, 1807, died Aug. 9, 1865 ; Elizabeth M., born Aug. 29, 1808, died July 25, 1881 ; Mar- garet S., born March 16, 1810, died May 2, 1886; Robert, born Dec. 5, 181 1, died March 3, 1885; Agnes, born Oct. 24, 1813, died March 14, 1880; A. Scott, mentioned below; Mary, born March 18, 1818, died April 6, 1863 ; James L., born June 15, T820, died Feb. 12, 1832; and J. Rebecca, born Sept. 2, \'&2.2., the widow of Franklin Scott, of Lancaster county. A. Scott Clark, father of Mrs. Cutler, was born Oct. 30, 1815, and in 1845 married Isabella J. Neeper, who was born Nov. 7, 1822, and who died Nov. 30, 1897. He died March 8, 1898. On Feb. 2,0, 1892, they celebrated their golden wedding. For fifty-two years no death occurred in the Clark family. BENJAMIN M. HERSHEY, who is the pro- pi-ietor of two threshing machine outfits, and devotes much of his time in season to their operation, was at one time an active farmer, and now has his home on his farm, which, however, is under the manage- ment of a son-in-law. Mr. Hershey was born in Paradise township, Lancaster county, June 21, 1855, and is a son of Christian and Magdalina (Metzler) Hershey. His father, who was born in Salisbury township, died in Paradise township, in May, 1895, at the vener- able age of eighty-four years. For more than twen- ty years he was a school director, and the utmost confidence was felt in the community both in his personal rectitude and in his business ability, a con- fidence that often took the expression of committing to him the settlement of important estates, and the administration of considerable trust funds. During his last fifteen years he lived a strictly retired life. Mrs. Magdalina Hershey, who was born in Paradise township in 1820, is still living on the old homestead, as active and as industrious as when younger, and is regarded by her family and the community with much reverent love and esteem as a lady of high character and Christian devotion. She became by her marriage with Mr. Hershey, the mother of the following children: Barbara, who married Elam Brackbill, of Paradise township ; Mary, who married C. H. Brackbill, of Kinzers, Pa. ; Abraham, of De- troit, Mich.; Benjamin, whose name appears above; Israel, who lives in Lancaster; Magdalina, who is unmarried, and lives at home; Joseph, who is at home, married; Amos, married, and is living at home; Sarah, who is the wife of Levi Wenger, a farmer of Leacock township. Mr. Hershey was twice married, his first wife having been Barbara Stauffer, by whom he had two children, Isaac, who is dead, and Anna, who is the wife of Samuel Denlinger. Benjamin M. Hershey was married Dec. 9, 1875, in Lancaster, Pa., to Barbara A. Kreider. To this union have come the following children : John K., who married Emma -Sweigart, and is a farmer in Leacock township ; Nettie A., who died at the age of nine years, and Cora M., at home, immarried, twins ; Anna M., who married Edwin Good, and lives at home, having one daughter ; C. Aaron ; Benjamin K. ; Barbara A., who died an infant; Amos K. and Emos K., twins, who both died in in- fancy ; Alta E., who is at home. Mrs. Barbara A. Hershey was born on the farm where she is now living. May 30, 1856, a daughter of John and Anna L. (Landis) Kreider, both na- tives of Lancaster county. Her father was a farmer, and came to the present home of Mrs. Hershey when a lad of nine years of age. There he spent his life. He became a man of considerable prominence in the community in which he lived and was elected to various township offices. His death occurred in November, 1874, at the early age of forty-nine years; His widow passed to her reward in 1887, at the age of sixty years. Both were buried in the cemetery connected with the Mellinger Church. They were, like the parents of Mr. Hershey, members of the Mennonite Church. To them were born the follow- ing children : Abraham, who died in infancy ; Bar- bara, who is Mrs. Hershey, noted above ; Anna, who married a Dillinger, and is now dead; Jacob, who died in infancy. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Hershey were Jacob and Anna Kreider, both of Lancaster county; her maternal grandparents were Abraham and Barbara '(Landis) Landis, also of Lancaster county. 998 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Benjamin M. Hershey remained at home with his parents until his marriage, when he located on his present place, where he has led a most indus- trious and useful life. For the last five years he has been school director, and is one of the prom- inent and influential men in his community. In his politics he is a Republican, and in religion both he and his wife are devoted members of the Mennonite Church. TILLMAN N. HOSTETTER, who is the ticket and freight agent for the Pennsylvania Rail- way Company, at Florin, where he is also agent for the Adams Express Company, is extensively en- gaged in the coal, grain and feed business at that point. The mill, which he owns and operates, was put up by him in 1885, and is equipped with a thirty- horse power engine, and is regarded as one of the best in this part of the State. Mr. Hostetter is an energetic and pushing business man, of strict in- tegrity and popular character. Mr. Hostetter was born in East Donegal town- ship, one mile south of Florin, Dec. 14, 1858, and is a son of Jonas E. and Barbara (Nissley) Hostetter, who were born in Manor and Mt. Joy townships, respectively. They now reside in Florin, to which point they moved in 1897, to spend their declining years in freedom from the cares and responsibilities that attend farming life. Jonas E. Hostetter was born Jan. 13, 1833, and is the son of John and Catherine (Eby) Hostetter, natives of the townships of Manor and Elizabeth, respectively. Both died on the farm, where Jonas E. was born, and where he remained until his re- moval to Florin. The grandfather, who was born Jan. t6, 1787, and died Sept. 24, 1854, was a farmer all his days. The grandmother, who was born Aug. 12, 1795, died March 6, 1848, and was buried in the cemetery on the farm in Manor township. They were married April 12, 1816, and were both mem- bers of the Mennonite Church. The following chil- dren were born to them : Magdelina, who married Henry Shenk, a Mennonite minister, is dead ; Maria, the wife of Christ Herr, is dead; John is a retired farmer in Petersburg, Pa,; Catherine, the wife of Jacob Shenk, is dead; Henry died young; Elias is a retired farmer in Mt. Joy; Jonas E. ; Abraham died at the age of fifty-three years. The great- grandfather of Tillman N. Hostetter was John Hostetter, who married Miss Resch; they were farming people of Manor township, and members of the Mennonite Church. John Hostetter died at the age of sixty-three years, and his widow at the age of eighty-five. They had five children, Cather- ine and Susanna, who both married Herrs; John; Barbara, who married a Greider, and Anna, who married Rudolph Herr. Jonas E. Hostetter and Barbara Nissley were married in Philadelphia, Nov. 3, 1857, and had the following family : Tillman N. ; Jacob, who mar- ried Emma Rohrer, is a coal dealer in Chicago; Levi, who married Lillian Eckenroth, is a traveling salesman from Chicago ; Mary married Joseph Ha- becker, a farmer in East Donegal township; Amos died in infancy ; Elam is farming the old homestead in East Donegal, and is married to Amanda Swart- ley; Jonas, who married Lillian Kreider, is a cigar- maker and dealer in implements in Mt. Joy; Abner died in infancy; Simon died in infancy. Mrs. Bar- bara (Nissley) Hostetter was born in Mt. Joy town- ship Jan. 7, 1837, and is a daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Graybill) Nissley, both natives of Lan- caster county. Her father, who was a farmer, died in 1861, at the age of fifty-four. Jonas E. Hostetter remained at home with his parents until he reached the age of twenty-four years, when he rented a farm in East Donegal town- ship. This he continued to rent for sixteen years, and was then able to buy it. In 1897 he leased it,, and moved to his present home in Florin. He is a Republican, and with his wife belongs to the Men- nonite Church. Tillman N. Hostetter and Susan Forney were married Oct. 16, 1884, at the home of her parents in East Hempfield township, and to this union were born: Nettie F., Walter F., Ruth F., Jonas F. (de- ceased), Emma F., Jay F., Marian F., and George D. Mrs. Susan Hostetter was born in Manheim township, May 9, i860, and is the daughter of Joseph and Susan (Gouchman) Forney, who are now living on a farm in East Hempfield township. Tillman N. Hostetter remained at home with his parents until he was twenty-one years of age, receiving from them opportunity to acquire a good education, which included a year at the H. C Weid- ler Business College, in Lancaster, Pa. When he had reached his majority he went to the western part of the country, and spent a year in Abilene, Kans., where he worked in a lumber yard. Return- ing to his native State, he engaged in the coal and feed business, building in 1885 the mill where he does his work. In 1882 he entered the service of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, and is re- garded as one of the most efficient men on their lines. Mr. Hostetter is a' member of the Masonic fra- ternity, and belongs to Lodge N. 551, and is also a member of the order of K. of G. E. In his politics he is a RepubHcan, and in his reHgion, a member of the United Brethren Church. A prominent and leading man of the community, he has won his pres- ent enviable standing by strict attention to business, honesty and integrity in' all matters, however minute, and an unceasing devotion to the best and noblest in life. HARRY M. HINKLE, the trusty young loco- motive engineer on the Pennsylvania Railroad, of Columbia, was born in West Hempfield township, Lancaster Co., Pa., Oct. 3, 1862, and is a son of Joseph Hinkle, deceased, whose sketch will be found on another page. Harry M. Hinkle farmed in West Hempfield BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 999 township, until eighteen years of age ; then he came to Columbia, and at the age of nineteen, began work as a fireman on the railroad, and at the end of nine years and five months was promoted to be engineer. Mr. Hinkle married at Columbia, in 1883, Miss Anna L. Wisler, and to this imion has been born one child — Florence W., still at home. Mrs. Anna L. (Wisler) Hinkle was born in Philadelphia, and is a daughter of Samuel Wisler, a native of Columbia county, and Hannah Immel, born at Kingsessing, Philadelphia county. The mother died in Philadelphia in 1892, at the age of forty-six years. The father, who was born July 5, 1843, left Columbia about 1862, and settled in Philadelphia, and in the war of the Rebellion served for some time on guard duty. To Samuel and Han- nah Wisler were born six children, to-wit: Anna L. (Mrs. Hinkle); Susie, wife of William , Craw- ford, of Philadelphia, who has four children, Elsie, William, Ethel and Samuel ; Fanny, married to Tom Tobin, of the same city, but residing with the father : they have two children, Melva and Thomas G. ; Rachel, deceased; Samuel and Garfield, at home. The family are members of the Christian Church. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Hinkle were Michael and Martha (Cressinger) Wisler, and the maternal grandparents were Alexander and Han- nah Immel. Harry M. Hinkle is a member of the Brother- hood of Locomotive Firemen ; with his family he is a member of the Lutheran Church, and in politics is a Republican. David Hinkle, uncle of Harry M. Hinkle, was born in West Hempfield township, Lancaster Co., Pa., March 13, 1842, a son of Henry and Sarah (McGee) Hinkle, who came to Columbia in 1839, where the father died in 1872, at seventy-four years of age, and she in 1866, aged sixty-one, both mem- bers of the Lutheran Church. Their children were : John, deceased ; Rebecca, deceased wife of Chris- tian Hershey ; Isaac, a retired farmer of Wrights- ville; Jo.seph, deceased; William and Charles, de- ceased ; Catherine, wife of William Hardy, a black- smith in Columbia; and David. The grandfather of David was John, better known as Hans Hinkle, a native of Germany, who came to America at the beginning of the Revolutionary war, in which he served as teamster. After the war he lived on a rented farm in West Hempfield township, on which he toiled until his death in 1840, at eighty years of • age. The farm is now within the borough of Colum- bia. The last ten years of David's life were spent in retirement. ELI W. DAVIS, a farmer of Colerain town- ship, Lancaster county, was born on the farm which he now owns, and which is his home at the present time, March 21, 1851, his parents being Joseph B. and Elizabeth Davis. Both his parents were born in Lancaster county, the father in 1818, and the mother in 1812. She was a daughter of Abner and Barbara (Hess) Davis. Abner Davis was born near Philadelphia, and came of a mingled German and Welsh ancestr)'. He was born in 1783, and served in the war of 1812. His death occurred in 1863. Joseph B. Davis, the father of Eli W., was a son of Eli and Catherine (Sellers) Davis. Eli Davis made a home in Sadsbury township, where he lived and died, leaving a family of four children : Eliza died unmarried; Anna married Elisha Harper, and moved to Iowa, where she died; Sarah Davis mar- ried James Prentice, who moved to Columbus, Ohio, where she died (they had one son, Alvin Pren- tice, who now lives in Chicago) ; and Joseph B. Joseph B. Davis was reared in Chester county, where he became a wheelwright, an occupation he followed at Andrew's Bridge, Colerain township, for some years. He married Elizabeth Davis in 1844; five years later he purchased the farm, which is now the home and property of Eli W., and there he lived the balance of his life. Good substantial buildings were put up by him, and many improvements effected on the farm. He died in December, 1897, his widow following him the following June. They left a son and a daughter. Both father and mother were mem- bers of the Presbyterian Church, and were active workers in the church at Union many years. In politics Mr. Davis was a stanch Republican, and though he never sought or aspired to office, was as- sessor for two years in Colerain township. Emma Davis, the daughter of this family, was born in 1848, and with her brother received in- struction of Thomas Baker, in his private school, and of Prof. Andrews, at the Union High School. For some ten years she was a successful teacher in the county schools. She married John M. Rutter, of Sadsburv township, where they reside on his farm, with their four children: Howard T., Ab- ner Davis, Emile and Bessie. Eli W. Davis studied at the Baker Private School and in the Union High School under Prof. Andrews, becoming well informed. He remained at home with his parents, and for about ten years was the manager of his father's farm. His father was a confirmed invalid some ten years before his death, and his care fell very largely upon the son, who was tender and devoted to his ailing sire. In May, 1883, he married Miss Mary B. Newcomer, the daughter of Louis R. and Esther (Brosius) Newcomer. Mr. Newcomer was born in Washington Co., Md., in 1819. His wife, Esther, was born in Chester county, in 1825. They lived in Baltimore, where Mr. Newcomer was superintendent in the post office for thirty-two years. In 1870 he purchased the Mahlon Brosius homestead in Chester county, where they lived until 1900, when they became inmates of the home of Mrs. Davis. They have two sons and a daughter. Mary B. is the wife of Mr. Davis. She was born in Baltimore in i8;o, and secured her education in her native city. Howard K. Newcomer was born in Baltimore, in 1852, and is now a resi- 1000 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY dent of Colerain township. lidwin B. Newcomer was born in Baltimore, and is now a resident of Philadelpnia. After nis marriage Mr. Davis located on the old home, where he is found at the present time. To him and his excellent wife have come three chil- dren : Bessie and Liicretia, twins, were born in September, 1891 : Bessie died when she was six weeks old ; Lucretia is a student of the local schools ; Joseph Davis died when four months old. Mr. and Mrs.' Davis belong to the Union Presbyterian Church. Mr. Davis votes the Republican ticket. He is a man of fine standing in the community, and is a worthy representative of a well-known family. The father was a man of excellent character and his only surviving son does honor to his instruction and rearing. MICHAEL BECKER, general manager of the Mt. Hope grist, saw and feed mill, farms, furnaces, etc., comprising an area of 2,000 acres in Lebanon and Lancaster counties, was born in October, 1828, four miles from the town of Lebanon, Lebanon coun- ty, son of John and Hannah (Brandt) Becker, of Lebanon, and later of Lancaster county. John Becker, the' father, moved from Lebanon to Lancaster county in 1846, and settled in Rapho township, residing there until his demise, in 1875, at the age of sixty-six years. His wife died in 1880, and both are buried in private grounds on the old homestead of his mother. There were born to John Becker the following children : Michael ; John B., who was accidentally killed with his wife by a rail- road train several years ago ; Henry Bi, who died on the old homestead; Catherine B., wife of Christ Shelley; Anna B., wife of Jacob Fisher; Sarah B., deceased wife of Jere Obetz ; and Moses B., a black- smith, who died at his home near White Oak some time ago. The grandparents of Michael Becker on his fa- ther's side were Nicholas and Catherine (Rudy) Becker, of Lebanon county, where they remained until their demise, Mr. Becker being a veterinary and blacksmith of considerable prominence. The father of Nicholas Becker fought under Gen. Wash- ington, in the Revolutionary war. The family is of Swiss origin. Michael Becker's maternal grandfa- ther was John Brandt, a farmer of Lancaster county, also of Swiss origin. Michael Becker married Miss Anna Nauman, of Lancaster county, in October, 1855, and to this union were born the following children: John, unmar- ried, is a dry-goods merchant of Manheim, Pa. Lizzie, wife of Joseph Baker, a hotel-keeper of Lititz, has three children. Maria died at the age of eight yeai's. Henry B. died in infancy. Alfred died in infancy. Michael, who lives at home, acts as as- sistant to his father; he was married, June 28, 1902, to Carrie B. Weidler, daughter of I. M. Weidler,. of Rothsville, -where she was born and reared. Mrs. Michael Becker was born in Rapho town- ship in 1834, daughter of Samuel and Anna (Shel- ley) Nauman, of Lancaster county. The family is of Swiss descent. Michael Becker was reared on his father's farm, and remained with his parents until he became of age, meantime attending school under Baron Stigle, who at one time owned the Elizabeth furnace. Dur- ing vacations and other spare times he worked on the farm. Soon after becoming of age, in company with his brother John, he opened a blacksmith shop in Rapho township, and combined this business with that of hauling for the Grubb family, large employers of the locality. Mr. Becker has worked for the Grubbs almost continuously for the past forty years, first with A. B. Grubb, for twenty-two years, as assistant manager; in 1885, upon the death of Mr. Grubb, he became general manager, and still fills this responsible position. Mr. Becker is. a Republican in politics, and has been postmaster at Mt. Hope since the death of Mr. Grubb, the former occupant of the office for many years. Mr. Becker is careful and painstaking in everything he undertakes, and the result is that noth- ing he attempts miscarries. His record is one of which any man may well be proud, and his standing in his community is as high as that of any other member. S. H. BINGEMAN, one of the leading and enterprising citizens of Clay township, a justice of the peace, appointed June 12, 1902, to fill the va- cancy caused by the death of his brother, H. H. Bingeman, and a well-known cigar manufacturer of that place, was born Oct. 27, 1846, in Ephrata township, son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Hacker) Bingeman, both deceased. Samuel Bingeman, the father of S. H. Bingeman, was a much esteemed citizen of Ephrata township, a shoemaker by trade and a Republican in politics. He became the father of nine children, eight of whom grew to maturity. The record is- as fol- lows : Levi, deceased ; Daniel, deceased ; George H._, of St. Joseph, Mo. ; Henry H., now deceased, a justice of the peace in Clay township for twenty- five years; Priscilla, widow of Samuel Resser, of Clay township; S. H., our subject; and Elizabeth, wife of William Valentine, of Clay township. S. H. Bingeman was reared on the farm and ac- quired his education in the public schools, teaching school for a period of twenty-three terms, after fin- ishing his own education. Then he went into the business of cigar manufacturing and for twelve years has been a leader in that line in Clay town- ship, his home and business being located in Hope- land, where he has been postmaster for some time. In politics Mr. Bingeman is a stanch Republican and has taken ah active interest in the attairs of his party in this section. For several years he has served as a very efficient school director and is prominent in all enterprises looking toward the development of Clay township. Mr. Bingeman was .y^tiy/iail. /J^^^CjiA^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1001 reared by pious parents in the belief, of the United Brethren Church, and both he and his wife are con- sistent members of the same, in Hopeland, and gen- •crous in its support. On Sept. 23, 1871, Mr. Bingeman was united in marriage with Miss Catherine Ruth, daughter ■of WilUam and Susannah Ruth, and this marriage has been blessed with two children, namely : Alice, born Dec. 18, 1873, married John G. Donough, of Hopeland, and they have two children, Elmer and •Grant; and Harvey M., now postmaster of Hope- land, born Sept. 3, 1874, married Miss Lydia Noll, •of Clay township, and they have one son, Milton Dewey, and one daughter, Virgie May. Mr. Bingeman enjoys the respect and esteem of .his fellow-citizens and is justly regarded as one of the reliable representatives and substantial men of -Clay township. . WILLIAM R. ROGERS. This well-known -and popular citizen of Columbia is one of the Penn- sylvania Company's experienced and trusted engi- neers. He was born in Wrightsville, York county, on Aug. 31, 1858, and is the eldest of five children born to Samuel S. and Sarah (Cohick) Rogers, of that county, his parents having married July 4,. 1856. His younger brother, Americus V., con- ducts a well equipped barber shop in Columbia; his sister, Christina, is the wife of Joseph Archer, a railroad conductor, and lives in Philadelphia. The two younger children. Grant and Byron, died in in- fancy. Samuel S. Rogers was a gallant Union sol- -dier during the Civil war, a member of the 145th P. V. I., and received a Confederate bullet in his arm. He was a carpenter, and after receiving his discharge, worked at his trade in his native baili- wick. He died at the age of sixty-three years, in 1895. He was the son of an English immigrant, Hobert Rogers, who married Elizabeth Sloat, of York county. The father was employed in build- ing the old State road and later in the construction of the Pennsylvania line; he died in 1872. Samuel S. Rogers, the father of William R., was the eldest of their three children, the others being John and Mary A. As has been already said, the maiden name of the mother of William R. Rogers was Sarah Cohick. Her father, Robert, was a railroad man, and lost his life in an accident on Jan. 16, 1861, having reached the age of forty-eight years. He married Christina Buckin, who first saw the light as it shone xipon the crested billows of the Atlantic. Her par- ents settled at Rohrerstown. Her mother lived to be four score years and died on March 13, 1890. Her younger sisters were Clara (Mrs. Robert Hall), of Columbia; Mahala, the widow of William Allen, of Philadelphia ; Anna M., the wife of Elliott Fred- erick, of the same city; and Amelia, who married David Coleman, the proprietor of a barber shop in Columbia. At the age of five, in 1863, William R. Rogers came to live with his grandmother in Lancaster county, but returned home after four years. There he remained until his marriage to Miss Eva Mc- Clane, which occurred on Sept. 5, 1891. They have had two sons. Grant G. and John F. Mr. Rogers IS a member of the Brotherhood of Locomotive En- gineers; in politics a Republican, and in religious faith, a Lutheran. Mrs. Rogers is the daughter of Henry and Eliza- beth (Morrison) McClane, of Adams county. Her father was a shoemaker and a justice of the peace, and died in May, 1896, in his eighty-second year. Her mother, who was born in May, 1827, is still living in Manor township. Besides Mrs. Rogers, eight children were' born to them: Mary, John, Joseph, Susan, Douglas, Christian, George and Levi. Only three of these are living. Joseph is a resident of Marietta, Pa., and Douglas of Port Royal, in this State. Susan is the wife of Henry Wise, of Petersburg. CLARENCE B. HERSHEY, a leading business man of Mt. Joy, Pa., who is engaged in the insur- ance business and is also a justice of the peace and pension agent, was born in Florin, Mt. Joy township, on Nov. 21, 1862, a son of Christian and Fanny (Brenneman) Hershey, of Lancaster county. Chris- tian Hershey was born near Mt. Joy, and carried on a business in carpentering and cabinet-making until his death, in 1876, at the age of sixty-eight. His widow survives and resides in Mt. Joy; she early united with the religious denomination known as Church of God. Clarence B. Hershey, of this biography, was their only child. The second union of Mrs. Hershey was to Frederick Gantz and the two children born of that marriage were : Gertrude, who died in infancy; and Joseph B., a resident of Mt. Joy, now engaged in plumbing. The death of Frederick Gantz took place in 1890. The paternal grandparents of Mr. Plershey were Isaac and Anna, of Lancaster county, and those on the maternal side were Joseph and Nancy (Bossier) Brenneman, also of this coimty. Clarence B. Hershey was reared in the village of Florin, where he attended school until he was nine years old, and then accompanied his parents to Mt. Joy, where at the age of fourteen he began to learn the trade of cigar-making. This business he followed for ten years, and then entered a news- paper office and became a typesetter, remaining in the printing business for four years ; he is thus eauipped with two trades. However, Mr. Hershey has been ambitious and has been very successful in still another line, that of insurance, and now handles both fire and life insurance, representing some of the best known and most substantial com- panies in the country; he carries on a real estate agency and also deals in typewriters and typewriter supplies. On Feb. 2T, 1899, he was made justice of the peace, and since that time has devoted him- self very closely to the duties of the office. 1002 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY On one occasion this position nearly cost him his life. On Oct. 2, 1902, while at the supper table, he was assaulted by a man who had a fancied griev- ance against him. His assailant had given the jus- tice a bill to collect fot him and had been promised its payment on Oct. 4th. Being, however, under the influence of liquor, he imagined that Mr. Hershey had kept the money himself, and so attacked him with a pocket-knife. The culprit was placed under arrest for a preliminary bearing and then committed to prison for trial at court in November, 1902. Socially, Mr. Hershey is connected with the Foresters of America, in which order he has held manv of the offices; and is also a member of the Junior O. U. A. M., and the O. S. B., of Mt. Joy. In politics he is an ardent Republican, and his re- ligious connection is with the Church of God. In every way, Mr. Hershey is a rising young man, and enjoys the esteem and confidence of the citizens of Mt. Joy, who see in him a thoroughly representa- tive citizen. ANDREW JACKSON. Among the leading and representative citizens of Little Britain town- ship, Lancaster Co., Pa., is Andrew Jackson, who was born in Britain township, on Nov. 4, 1854, a son of Robert and Eliza (Irwin) Jackson, deceased, Robert Jackson was born in County Armagh, Ireland, in 1828, and died in Britain township, April 8, 1898, having come to America when still a young man. His wife was born in 1830, and died in 1893. They were the parents of eight children : Margaret, second wife of Dr. McNutt, a physician of Phila- delphia; John, a thrifty farmer of Britain township (whose sketch appears elsewhere) ; Andrew ; Mary, who died in childhood; Robert, a farmer of Kirk's Mills, Pa. ; Mary, wife of Fred Gregg, a fanner of Drumore township ; Joseph, one of the leading farmers of Britain township (whose sketch appears elsewhere) ; Ella, wife of George Pollock, a dry goods merchant. The father, Robert Jackson, was a hard-working, industrious man, and a life-long Democrat. Andrew Jackson, of this biography, was edu- cated in the district schools and early learned the work of a farmer. All his life, he has tilled the soil, and now is the owner of one of the best farms in Lancaster county, on which he carries on general farming, and also is an extensive stock dealer, be- ing very successful in both vocations. His resi- dence is a fine, two-story brick building, and his stable and outbuildings are thoroughly up-to-date in their arrangements and appointments. Mr. Jack- son is a man who believes in the employment of im- proved machinery in his work, and his well-culti- vated acres testify to his practical knowledge of his vocation. As his parents grew older, Mr. Jackson tenderly cared for them, and helped to educate his youngest sister, Ella. On June 23, 1887, Mr. Jackson was married to Emma Runner, of Little Britain township, a daugh- ter of Samuel and Annie (Pierce) Runner, of Cecil Co., Md. Mrs. Jackson was one of a family of seven children: William,' of Britain township; George, of Britain township; Rebecca, wife of J. M. Wil- son, a farmer of Little Britain township (whose sketch appears elsewhere) ; Rachel, wife of Irvin Hill, of Cecil Co., Md. ; Taylor, of Britain township; John, of Britain township ; and Emma. The Run- ner family is of English descent and among the old settlers of Lancaster county. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Jackson are : Leiper G, born on May 8, 1888; Anna E., born March 17, 1889; Flora R., born Sept. 10, 1890; Will- iam A., born Nov. 27, 1892; Rachel E., born Oct. 27, 1894. Mrs. Jackson was born April 18, 1854, and is a lady of gentle disposition, kind and capable, and much beloved by all who know her. Mr. Jackson is a strong Democrat and has al- ways taken an active part in local affairs. In 1899, he was the Democratic nominee for sheriff of Lan- caster, and ran ahead of his ticket, making a good race, although, the county going Republican, he was not elected. At present he is county committeeman, and is very influential in party councils. Having gained the esteem of his neighbors, Mr. Jackson occupies a position of prominence in the township, and whether in business life, among his political friends, or in his home, he is looked up to and respected by all with whom he comes in contact. ALBERT R. BEAR, senior member of the well- known lumber firm of Bear & Long, at Lititz, Pa., was born in Upper Leacock township, Lancaster county, Nov. 24, 1850, a son of Grabill and Anna (Reist) Bear. His boyhood and youth were spent partly in his native township and partly in Man- heim township, and his education was acquired in the public schools. From 1875 to 1883, he clerked in Harnish & Company's store, Lancaster. In 1883 he made his first business venture as a lumber dealer in Lititz with William C. Evans, under the firm name of Evans & Bear. This connection continued three years, when Mr. Evans retired and was suc- ceeded by John B. Hess, the firm name being changed to Hess & Bear. On the death of Mr. Hess, in 1890, Adam B. Long became associated in busi- ness with Mr. Bear, under the style of Bear & Long, by which name the firm is still known. They do the largest business in their line of any company in the city, and Mr. Bear devotes his undivided attention to it. On Feb. 22, 1877, Mr. Bear was united in mar- riage with Miss Lizzie Grosh, a native of Man- heim township, Lancaster county, and a daughter of Daniel and Sarah Grosh. Two children bless this union. Bessie May and Ruth Agnes. Mi. Bear is one of the leading and representa- tive men of his borough, is wide-awake and progres- sive, and affiliates with the Republican party. He i^s an active member of the Moravian Church and the Y. M. C. A., of Lititz, and is also a member of the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1003 Mystic Chain, Lititz Castle, No. 19, and a member and trustee of the Knights of Pythias, Lodge No. 253, of Lititz. WILLIAM SCHLOTT. Coming to America with his parents when a child of only two years, this prominent young farmer of West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, was reared in Pennsyl- vania. Having the taste fcvr an active life, he de- voted the earlier years of rtianhood largely to the carpenter's trade. More recently he has adopted an agricultural career and has become one of the leading and successful farmers of Lancaster county. John Schlott, the father, in his last years a re- tired farmer at Mountville, Pa., was born in Prus- sia, Germany, Aug. 8, 1827, the son of Frederick and Anna Mary (Ruse) Schlott. Frederick Schlott entered the army at the age of seventeen years and, after his military service, became a carpenter and farmer in Germany. He died in 1857, aged seventy years, and his wife, born in 1791, survived to the age of sixty-nine years. To Frederick and Anna Mary Schlott were born children as follows : Fred- erick, who was a shoemaker and is now deceased; Conrad, who died young; Elizabeth, who died young; Elizabeth (2), now deceased, who married Frank Short, of Germany, by whom she had a daughter, whose son is a priest ; John ; Mary Cather- ine, who died at the age of twenty-three years ; Catherine Margaret, widow of Henry Huth, of Lancaster. John Schlott married in Germany, in 1855, Miss Margaret Moses. He followed farming in the Fatherland and became a large land owner. Selling his property there, he, in 1865, migrated to America and first located in West Hempfield town- ship, Lancaster Co., Pa., but later removed to Columbia, and thence to Mountville. He was a member of the Lutheran Church, of Columbia, and in politics was a Democrat. He prospered in Amer- ica and was the owner of large estates. His death occurred March 24, 1901. Children were born to John and Margaret (Moses) Schlott as follows: Henry, a butcher at Mountville, Pa. ; Caroline, wife of Israel Garber, of West Hempfield township ; Will- iam, a farmer of West Hempfield, a sketch of whom appears below ; Minnie, who married Alvin Hershey and is now deceased ; Maggie, wife of John Sprout, a molder, of York ; Katie, wife of William Lehman, a railroad man, of Columbia; and Lizzie, wife of Daniel W. Sheaiifer, for a time agent for the Swift Meat Company, Lancaster, Pa., but now in business for himself, at 416-418 N. Pine street, Lancaster. William Schlott, son of John and Margaret (Moses) Schlott, was born in Germany, March 3, 1863, and two years later was brought by his par- ents to America. At the age of sixteen years he began a three-years apprenticeship at the carpen- ter's trade, with John M. Froelick, of Mountville, and at the completion of this term he followed his trade for a period of twelve vears. In 1894 he con- cluded to adopt farming as his vocation and he be- gan his agricultural life on one of his father's farms, in West Hempfield township. His present farm of eighty-five acres he purchased from Abraham Leon- ard in the spring of 1900. In 1885 he married in Columbia, Miss Anna W. Cooper, by whom he has two children, Mabel and Maggie. For his second and present wife, he, in 1895, rnarried Miss Katie B. Mellinger, a native, of East Donegal township, Lancaster county, daugh- ter of Henry and Fanny (Bucker) Mellinger, now residents of Columbia. Henry Mellinger was born in Lancaster county, Dec. 14, 1837, and is a black- smith by trade. Fanny, his wife, daughter of Chris- tian Bucker, of Lancaster county, was born Aug. 14, 1838. To Henry and Fanny Mellinger were born five children. Of these, David, Elmer and Harry are deceased; Christ is foreman in the roundhouse at Columbia, and Katie B. is the wife of William Schlott. In politics William Schlott is a Democrat. He possesses the thrift, industry and other sterling virtues of his fatherland, and with these he has united the progressiveness and adaptability of his adopted country. He is one of the valuable and prominent citizens of Lancaster county, having won an enviable standing in the community in which he has made his home. EZRA H. BURKHOLDER, justice of the peace, of Farmersville, West Earl township, is one of the most widely known citizens of Lancaster county. The farnily were among the early settlers of this section, his great-grandfather, Abraham Burkholder, a farmer, being born in the county. Christian Burkholder, son of Abraham and grandfather of Ezra, was born in what was then known as Ear! township, now West Earl township, and there engaged in farming until his death, in 1871, at the age of eighty years. Ezra Burkholder, son of Christian, was a printer, surveyor and conveyancer, who was born in West Earl township, and who died there, in 1890, aged sixty-three years, respected by all who knew him. At the age of twenty- three he was made deputy- registrar of wills under the late George Brubaker, Esq., serving from 1849 to 1851. After leaving the registrar's office, Mr. Burkholder was elected to the office of justice of the peace, of West Earl township. Many public positions were tendered him in the course of his career, which were always refused, as he preferred to serve the people in legal matters at home. He was an expert scrivener and drew up his- legal papers with the skill of an attorney. A man of high principles, he was entrusted with the set- tlement of many estates. He was a director in the Ephrata National Bank, an active spirit in that in- stitution, and always manifested much interest in its success* In his disposition he was charitable, but made no display of his benefactions. He mar- ried Mhs Magdalina A. Hoffman, daughter of Christian Hoffman, a merchant of Vogansville, Earl 1004 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY township. Six children were born of this union, five of whom are living: F)zra H. ; Mary, wife of Volney C. Sheets, of Red Run, Brecknock town- ship ; Amanda, wife of Oscar Hackman, of Ephrata ; Frances, wife of Joseph K. Tobias, of Ephrata ; Amos E., of Farmersville ; and Christian, who died -in infancy. Ezra H. Burkholder was born in West Earl township, Nov. 4, 1854, and was educated in the (public schools of the district. Upon leaving school he entered his father's printing office and soon learned the trade of printer, to which he added the duties of surveyor and conveyancer, so that when his father died, his place was very capably filled by his son, now the widely known justice. With slight intermissions, he has held this office from the age ■of twenty-one, until the present time. His admin- istration of the law is so correct that he is often con- sulted on intricate legal problems arising in the neighborhood. The Squire was elected county sur- veyor some dozen years ago, and has many times been elected a delegate to Republican county and State conventions. Mr. Burkholder was married to Miss Elizabeth S. Weidler, daughter of Jacob G. Weidler, a well- known farmer of Upper Leacock township, where he still resides. Mr. Burkholder is a member of J the Reformed Church, and has been an elder of St. Paul's Reformed Church, of the New Holland -charge, for years, and superintendent of the Sunday School for over twenty years. He has often been a delegate from his church to the Reformed Synods. The Squire wields a ready pen, and twice in his life has edited newspapers — The West Earl Ban- ner and The Guiding Star. He is a director and secretary in the Earl Mutual Fire Insurance Com- pany, of Lancaster county ; a director and secretary, from its organization, of the Old Guard Fire and Storm Insurance Company, headquarters at Lan- caster; a director in the People's National Bank of Lancaster, being one of the organizers of that and •of the People's Trust Company ; and a director of the Lancaster Chemical Company. Besides all these in- terests, he carries on a business of conveyancer, and handles extensive real estate interests. He is always able, however, to find time to give a friend a pleas- ant word, and a more kindly man is not to be found ■anywhere. RUFUS D. GREYBILL, a highly respected citizen of Talmage, and one of the most prosperous of the county's business men, is proprietor of the Talmage Roller and Flour Mills, located in West Earl township. Henry B. Greybill, father of R. D., was born in 1825, in Schaeflferstown, Lebanon county, and died in 1894, deeply mourned by all who knew him. For many years he was a successful merchant of Tal- mage, and also proprietor of the Talmage Grist Mills, leaving at his death a valuable estate, all ac- cumulated by his own eftorts, as he commenced business life a comparatively poor man, save in am- bition and enterprise. In politics he was first a Whig and later a Republican, and in religious faith was a member of the German Baptist Church. In 1850 Henry B. Greybill married Elizabeth R. Dep- pen, daughter of Samuel Deppen, of Wernersville, Berks county, and four children were born to them : Emma, deceased in childhood; John, a miller in Carlisle, Pa. ; Samuel, . living retired in Talmage, Lancaster county; and Rufus D., of whom* this sketch more particularly relates. The mother of this interesting family is yet living, at the advanced age of seventy- four years, having been born in 1826, highly esteemed and surrounded by hosts of friends. Rufus D. Greybill received a liberal educatio>n at the common schools of Talmage, and secured his business training in his father's store, at the same time learning the milling business. Since 1896 he has successfully conducted, as proprietor, the Tal- mage Roller and Flour Mills, which have a wide reputation for the excellent quality of their products. In politics he takes little active interest, although as a stanch Republican he never fails to support his party and makes himself felt at the polls. Mr. Grey- bill has not married. He deserves the high regard in which he is held by the community. DAVID K. MOHLER eminently deserves classification among the purely self-made men of Lancaster county who have distinguished them- selves for their ability to master the opposing forces of life and wrest from fate a large measure of suc- cess and an honorable name. He is to-day one of the leading business men of Lancaster. A native of Lancaster county, Mr. Mohler was born in Ephrata. Oct. 27, 1869, ^^^ is a son of Da- vid and Susan (Keller) Mohler. He was reared at home until thirteen years of age, when his father died and he started out in life for himself. His education was obtained in the public schools. After working on a farm two years, he devoted six months to cigarmaking, and then worked at the tinsmith's trade for one 3'ear in Ephrata. The following four years were spent in Manheim, and at the end of that period he went to Harrisburg, where he re- mained some six months. Going to Millersburg, Berks Co., Pa., he opened a stove and tinware store, and also carried on a manufacturing department, doing a sticcessful business there for two years and a half. In 1894 he returned to Manheim, and em- barked in business as a dealer in stoves, tinware and house furnishing goods and a manufacturer of tin- ware. He carried a large and well selected stock of goods and furnished employment to two men. In 1896 he became interested in the marble business and manufactured all kinds of monuments. In 1900 he erected a large building to be used as a dwelling, ware room and marble shop. In the latter part of that same year he sold out his business interests at Manheim, retaining only his real estate, and located at Lancaster, where he now BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1005 resides. In 1901 Mr. Mohler went to Syracuse, N. Y., to work for the Kelsey Heating Company for the purpose of learning more about their sys- tem of heating. At the beginning of 1902 he se- cured the agency for Lancaster county for the sale of the Kelsey Warm Air Generator, in which ca- pacity he is now exclusively engaged, covering an extensive territory. He is one of the most pro- gressive young business men of the county and is strictly self-made as he started out in life for him- self a poor boy, and with no assistance has already accomplished in a business way what it takes most men many long years to do. He is an active mem- ber of the Junior Order of American Mechanics in Manheim, and he and his family are among the most worthy and highly respected citizens of that place. Mr. Mohler was married, in 1892, to Miss Bar- bara Felker, a native of Rapho township, Lancaster county, and a daughter of Samuel Felker. They now have two children, Irvin and Edna. CLAYTON ERB, one of the honorable citizens and leading farmers of Martic township, was born on the farm that he now has charge of, on March 17, 1858. His parents were John and Maria (Wit- mer) Erb, both of whom were natives of Lancaster county, the former being born in West Lampeter on Aug. 25, 1814, and dying on Dec. 31, 1894. His widow still survives and resides on the old home place. She was born on Feb. 2, 1824, and was mar- ried to Mr. Erb, Aug. 13, 1840, becoming the beloved mother of a family of twelve children. Some of these have passed out of life, the family names be- ing: Susan, born May 19, 1841, who resides w'ith her mother ; Amaziah, born May 6, 1842, died June 19, 1872; Anna E., born April 26, 1844, died May II, 1866; John, born April 17, 1847, died Dec. 26, 1882 ; Mahlon, born Dec. 13, 1848, mentioned else- where in this volume; Amanda, born Dec. 11, 1851, died Dec. 4, 1852; Henry, born April 15, 1853, a merchant in Martic township; Mary J., born Oct. 8, 1854, residing at home; Emanuel W., born July 25, 1856, died April 21, 1892; Clayton; Frank, born Nov. 13, i860, a miller in Martic township ; and William W., born on Nov. 26, 1863. Clayton Erb was educated in the public schools and has put his knowledge to good purpose in the successful management of the home farm, which consists of 205 acres. In this work he has taken a deep interest, and, being a progressive and ener- getic man, has made use of modern methods and machinery with excellent results. His farm is one of the best in this locality and shows the results of the care and attention he has given it. The mar- riage of Clayton Erb was on June 3, 1884, to Miss Hattie Wissler, a daughter of Elias and Anna Wiss- ler, and to them have been born a family of eleven children, nine of these still surviving: Anna W., born Aug. 25, 1885 ; John W., born Dec. 8, 1886 ; Clayton, born Feb. 14, 1888; Edna, born May 2, 1889; Maria, born Dec. 28, 1890; Susan, born May 12, 1892; Esther, born Feb. 28, 1894; Fannie, born, Dec. 7, 1895 ; Elias, born Aug. 14, 1897, died Dec. 17, 1898; Ada, born April 25, 1900; Enos, born May- 7, 1902, died May 19, 1902. Mr. Erb is a man of intelligence, who believes in progress and development, doing at all times his. full duty to advance the best interests of his local- ity. As one of the efficient school directors of his- township he looks carefully after the interests of the rising generation, believing that knowledge is pow- er. In politics he is identified with the Republican party, and while liberal in his religious views, he- gives his influence at all times in the direction of morality. Not only does he manage his large es- tate with capability, but in township and county matters, as well as in the domestic circle, he proves himself an important and valued adviser, a thor- oughly upright man. CHARLES G. HANNA, one of the thrifty young farmers of Fulton township, Lancaster coun- ty, was born Nov. 9, 1863, and was a son of James A. and Mary C. (Anderson) Hanna, also of this county. The fovtnder of this branch of the family in Pennsylvania was John Hanna, who came in early days from Ireland. James A. Hanna, the fa- ther of Charles G., was a son of James and Esther (Ailes) Flanna, whose children, besides James A., were : Rebecca, deceased ; Sarah, ' deceased ; Mar- tha, the widow of Daniel Carter, of the - State of Washington ; Matilda, the wife of Edward ToUinger, of Fulton township; Edith, deceased; Andrew, de- ceased ; and John and Marion, deceased. James A. Hanna, the father of Charles G., was born in 1834 and died on March 4, 1900. He was married in 1858 to Mary C. Anderson, who was born Oct. 26, 1838, and who still survives. This marriage was blessed with four children:' Ralph, who died young; Eva, who is the wife of John Moore, of Wilmington, Del. ; Charles G., who is our subject; and Mary, who also died in childho'od. James A. Hanna was one of the most highly re- spected citizens of his neighborhood, his upright life reflecting honor upon himself and upon his descend- ants. Charles G. Hanna grew to manhood on the farm and received a practical education in agricultural pursuits while attending the district schools. In the management of his fine seventy-acre farm he has put his knowledge to the test, and this has re- sulted in his gaining the just reputation of being one of the best and most progressive farmers of this part of the county. The marriage of Mr. Hanna was on Dec. 26, 1899, to Miss Mabel Nefif, who was born on Jan. I, 1 88 1, and who was a daughter of Samuel and Bell Neff, of Fulton township. Her brothers and sisters were: Viola, the wife of William Fagan; Sarah, wife of Clinton Love, of Maryland ; Amos ; Samuel ; Ida ; and Lawrence. The only child born 1006 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY to Mr. Hanna and wife is Mary, born Oct. 26, 1900. Charles G. Hanna is one of the leading young men of this part of the county, and a most worthy representative of a family which has long been prominent in the county. Frorn the time of his great-grandfather, who was a major in command of a militia company in the war of 1812, and his grand- father, who for so long was a justice of the peace and a well-known citizen, to himself, the name has been one of honor in Lancaster county. In politics Mr. Hanna has been a life-long Democrat. His re- ligious connection is with the Primitive Baptists. BARBAR.\ A. CHARLES belongs to one of the old and honored families of Lancaster county. Henry Charles, her grandfather, lived and died in Conestoga township, where he spent a lifetime in the cultivation of the soil. He belonged to the old Mennonite Church, where his modest character and genuine worth were warmly recognized. Cath- erine Kartman, his wife, bore him nine children: Benjamin, the father of Barbara; Henry, a farmer of West Lampeter township; John, a farmer, who went t(7 Indiana, with his family, and there diti.i ; Elizabeth, the wife of John Harnish ; Daniel, a farm- er and miller in Conestoga township ; Abraham, a farmer in Manor township ; Polly, the wife of Chris- tian Hess; Barbara, the wife of Adam Dietrich; and Catherine, who died young. Benjamin Charles, son of Henry, was born in Conestoga township in 1790, and in early life be- came a miller, an occupation which he followed some years. About i860 he turned to farming, having purchased a place in Lancaster township, to which he gave his entire attention for the remaining years of his life, and where he died in 1875. Po- litically he was a stanch Republican, and a zealous worker fdr the party interests. Catherine Urben, his wife, bore him nine children : Leah, the wife of Christian Kreider, now deceased; Leahna, the wife of Dr. D. M. Brubaker, now deceased ; Barbara A., whose name appears at the opening of this article; Mary, who married Brenneman Sherman, and has passed away; Benjamin, a farmer on the old home- stead ; John, a farmer of West Lampeter township ; Abram, a farmer of Lancaster township ; Adam, un- married, and at home, where he is engaged in farm- ing; and Eli, who died in infancy. Both Benjamin Charles and his good wife were faithful and de- vout members of the Old Mennonite Church. Barbara A. Charles was born in Conestoga town- ship May 25, 1838. She was reared on the old homestead, and remained with her parents as long as they lived. Since their passing to the better land she has continued at the old homestead, and is re- garded as the head of the family, as she has done so much to keep it together, and help on its indi- vidual members. In her religious faith she follows the steps of her ancestors and is a faithful and loyal member of the Old Mennonite Church. Conspicu- ous for her womanly qualities and real worth, she has many friends in the community in which she is passing her quiet and helpful Ufe. CHRISTIAN B. OBERHOLTZER, whose home is in Manheim township, two miles from Ore- gon, was born in West Earl township Sept. 3, 1869, a son of Christian H. and Elizabeth (Brubaker) Oberholtzer, both natives of West Earl township. For so young a man he has won an enviable place in the social and commercial circles of this section of Lancaster county. Christian H. Oberholtzer was born on the farm he now occupies, and on which his life has been spent, in 1837. This place comprises ninety-three acres of fine land, and is kept in the very best condition. A public-spirited and enterprising man, Mr. Oberholtzer was a director in the Ephrata Na- tional Bank for many years, and has long been one of the most active and influential members of the Old Mennonite Church. Twice married, his first wife, Elizabeth Brubaker, a daughter of Jacob Bru- baker, of Upper Leacock township, bore him two children: Jacob B., a farmer of West Earl town- ship; and Christian B., whose name appears above. The second wife of Mr. Oberholtzer was Lydia Weaver, who was a daughter of Francis Weaver, of Earl township. She is the mother of two chil- dren : Henry, who is a general merchant at Akron, Lancaster county ; and Anna, who is the wife of John Landis, a farmer in Manheim township. The grandfather of Christian B. Oberholtzer also bore the name of Christian Oberholtzer. He was born at Rothsville, Lancaster county, and with his -wife, who was a daughter of John and Ester Hess, began housekeeping on the farm where Chris- tian H. now resides. There their lives were spent, and they acquired some two hundred acres of land lying in West Earl and in Earl townships. He was a member of the school board. His death occurred when he was aged eighty-two years, ten months and twelve days. He was the father of eight chil- dren, of whom, Samuel and John H. were twins, of whom Samuel died unmarried, and John died aged forty-two years; Hettie died unmarried; Henry is a retired resident of Council Bluffs, Iowa; Martin died unmarried ; Anna is the deceased wife of Henry Myers, of West Earl township ; Christian H. is the father of the subject of this, article. He is he was married to Miss Ada May, daughter of John and Anna (Hess) Martin, of Manheim township. Christian B. Oberholtzer was reared on the old homestead and educated in the public schools. When he was twenty-seven he married and located on the farm still occupied by him in Manheim town- ship, which contains sixty-three acres, and is de- voted to general farming. He is one of the bright and progressive farmers of the county, as his house and surroundings well indicate. On Nov. 26, 1896, he was married to Ada May, daughter of John and Anna (Hess) Martin, of Manheim township. To. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1007 this union was born one child, Anna May. They are members of the Old Mennonite Church, and are associated with the best people of the community. SAMUEL D. MARTIN, the young and enter- prising proprietor of the Caernarvon Mill, at Hertz- ler, in Caernarvon township, was born Jan. 29, 1875, and is a son of David and Annie (Witmer) Martin. His father is dead, and his mother, who married Henry Weaver, lives in Weaverland. Samuel D. Martin was reared in East Earl township, at the Goodville Mill. His father was the miller at that time, and taught his son the same business. Eli Martin was also his instructor in this line. Samuel D. Martin operated the mill at Goodville for some two years prior to his locating at his present home. In 1898 he purchased the Caernarvon mill, with fifteen acres of land attached to it, and is now operating the mill, and farming the land. His mill is one of the best in the county, and is fitted up with the roller process machinery. It has a capacity of twenty-five barrels a day, and does a general custom business. Mr. Martin gives his entire attention to the mill. Samuel D. Martin was married in 1896 to Miss Mary Weaver, a daughter of Aaron and Mary Weaver. She was born in 1876, and is the mother of three children : ' Florence, Elmer and Ruth. Mr. and Mrs. Martin belong to the Old Mennonite Church, and are coimted among the very worthy and popular people of the day. HENRY M. STAUFFER, of H. M. Staufifer & Co., Safe Harbor, Lancaster county, was born on a farm in Manor township, Lancaster county, in 1863, and is the son of Benjamin and Mary (Smith) Staufifer, both deceased, the father dying in 1882 at the age of seventy years, and the mother in 1890, at the age of seventy years. They were both na- tives of Lancaster county and spent their lives on a farm in Manor township. He was a Republican and served for eleven years as tax collector in his township. Mr. Stauifer's grandfather came from Germany and was the founder of the family in the United States. The firm of which Henry M. Stauffer is the head deals in lumber and coal, operates a grist mill and sells feed, farm implements and hard wood, also doing mill work. Mr. Stauffer and George T. Rose, succeeded to the business in 1896, when they bought out the firm of Haskell, Tripple & Com- pany, the present firm being the company part of the old concern. The business is being conducted along the same lines as before, except that the mills, formerly operated in connection with the Safe Har- bor concern, have been dropped. The trade is very prosperous and is under the personal management of Mr. Stauffer, who began his business career irt 1884 as a clerk with George A. Tripple & Com- pany's general merchandise store in Safe Harbor and worked his way to a partnership, in 1893. Al- though yet a young man, he is active and shrewd, and is looked upon as one of the strong commercial men of the county. He was reared on the family homestead in Manor township and received his edu- cation in the public schools, supplemented by two terms at the Millersville State Normal Institute, and went into business at the age of twenty years. His life since that time has been extremely active, he being at all times a hard, persistent worker and fully deserving the success which has attended his ef- forts. On April 27, 1898, Mr. Staufifer was married to Miss Emma C. Posey, daughter of David and Mary (Groff) Posey. Mrs. Staufifer was born at York Furnace, York Co., Pa., in July, 1864. Mr. and Mrs. Staufifer are members of the M. E. Church, and he is very active in Sunday School work, having for years served as superintendent of the Sabbath School at Safe Harbor, which position he still holds. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., No. 334, Conestoga Lodge, and has represented the order in the Grand Lodge, and was repre- sentative again in 1901 ; he is a past master of Charles M. Howell Lodge, 496, F. & A. M. Mr. Stauffer is a broad-gauged, public-spirited man, fully abreast of the times and also a strong supporter of any thing for the public good. MENNO B. MARTIN, a resident of Earl town- ship, whose home is about two miles west of New Holland, was born on the farm he occupies April 8, 1879, ^^^ is a son of John B. and Anna (Wenger) Martin, residents of I-eacock township. Menno B. Martin was reared on the farm, and educated in the public schools. When he was nine- teen he began for himself, working at day's labor among the farmers. In 1900 he began farming, taking his father's place in Earl township, where he does general farming. Mr. Martin was married Feb. 13, 1898, to Miss Elizabeth Buchen, a daughter of Jacob and Mattie (Martin) Buchen. She was born in West Earl township. To this union has come one child, Noah, who is now dead. Mrs. Martin is a member of the Mennonite Church. .She stands high in the com- munity. Mr. and Mrs. Martin are honest and in- dustrious people, and have made a good place for themselves in the consideration of the community in which they live. ABNER H. MARTIN, a general farmer of West Donegal township, was born in Conoy town- ship Jan. 26, 1875, and in the few years in which he has been engaged in business he has won a most enviable standing as a capable and industrious man, thoroughly reliable and upright. Rev. Jacob N. Martin, the father of Abner H., a minister of the Brethren in Christ Church, now residing in West Donegal township, was born in Rapho township July 2, 1848, and is a son of Benja- min and Elizabeth (Nissley) Martin, natives of 1008 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Lancaster county, where their entire Hves were spent. Benjamin Martin, born in 1815, was a farmer, and died in Conoy township Feb. 26, 1885. Mrs. Martin died in 1899, at the age of eighty-four years, and both were buried in the Conoy Church cemetery. They had two children, Leah, who died in infancy, and Rev. Jacob N. Rev. Jacob N. Martin and Miss Sarali G. Heisey were married in Mt. Joy, Pa., Nov. 3, 1866, and to this union were born : Amanda H., the wife of Harry Gish, of Maytown, Lancaster county; Levi H., who married Anna Wolgemuth, and lives in Rapho township; Lizzie H., the wife of Elmer Engle, a farmer in East Donegal township; Fanny H., unmarried, at home; Josiah H., who married Rhoda Zook, and is a missionary in India ; Abner H., at home. Mrs. Sarah G. Martin was born in the present home, where she has lived so many years, June 26, 1846, and is a daughter of Abraham and Elizabeth (Goss) Heisey, both natives of West Donegal township, and all their lives devoted to farming. Rev. Jacob N. Martin followed farming until 1898, when he retired. In 1885 he was ordained a minister of the Brethren in Christ Church, and is still engaged actively in the work of the pulpit. Abner H. Martin was married to Fanny H. Zerdier in Oct., 1898. Mrs. Martin is the estimable daughter of Jacob Zercher, of East Donegal town- ship, whose personal and family history is given in another place. She was born in East Donegal May 21, 1877, and is a bright and charming young woman. In 1881 Mr. Martin came with his parents to the farm on which "he is now located, and this has been his home ever since. He belongs to the Brethren in Christ, and is an upright and industrious young man, well thought of in the community where he lives. JOHN HERR KRANTZ, one of the progress- ive young farmers of Paradise township, was born in West Lampeter township, this county, March 3, 1874, son of John and Fannie (Herr) Krantz. Mr. Krantz was reared in Strasburg township, where he received his education in the public schools. At the age of twenty-one he began opera- tions on his own account. For three, years he worked by the year at farm work, and after his mar- riage he continued at day work until the spring of 1900, when he purchased his present farm of thirty- seven acres, one of the fertile and well-cultivated farming properties in Paradise township. It is lo- cated one and one-quarter miles east of Strasburg borough. Mr. Krantz is engaged in general farm- ing, and is recognized as one of the enterprising and industrious citizens of his township. On Dec. i, 1897, he married Miss Millie Kachel, who was born in Dnmiore township Nov. 21, 1878, daughter of Ezra and Mary (May) Kachel. To Mr. and Mrs. Krantz has been born one daughter, Mildred. In politics Mr. Krantz is a Republican, wide- awake and earnest in public questions, whether local or national, and interested in all matters pertaining, to the general welfare. He is well liked for his many sterling qualities, and has many friends and well wishers throughout his own and adjoining, townships. MARTIN K. GROFF, proprietor of the Fair- view Roller Mills, of Bart township, Lancaster coun- ty, was born in Warwick township, Oct. 10, 1855,, son of Martin and Fianna (Kofsroth) Groff. Martin GrofiE was born in Lancaster county in 1825 ; his wife, Fianna (Kofsroth), whom he married in 1852, was born in the same county in 1832. Mar- tin Groff was engaged in the milling business in. Warwick township. In 1855 he made a visit to^ Springfield, Ohio, where he sickened and died, leav- ing his widow with two children, Susanna and Mar- tin. Susanna married James Carpenter, then of Lancaster, but now living retired in Warwick town- ship, and they have one son Joseph, who is employed in Lancaster. The widowed mother later married Manelius Ressler, of Lancaster county, and they settled in Warwick township, where Mr. Ressler has- followed his trade of a blacksmith to the present time. Mrs. Ressler died in November, 1899, leav- ing four children by her second marriage : Morris^ of Lancaster; Tillie, who married Monroe Shriner,. of Warwick township ; John, living in Rothsville,. Lancaster county ; and Scott, of Warwick township. Martin K. Groff was reared in Warwick town- ship, where he attended the local schools. . When he was eighteen years old he engaged as a miller's ap- prentice with Jesse Runk, at Bird-in-Hand. All his- life he has been a miller, and for several years was- employed at a salary. After his marriage he took charge of a mill at Bird-in-Hand, on his own ac- count, and he remained in this business until the fall of 1884, when he purchased the Cooper mill prop- erty at Georgetown. There he is running one of the improved roller mills of the county, and his work attracts much attention. The mill was burned down, in March, 1897, but Mr. Groff rebuilt it thoroughly and substantially, putting in the most modern ma- chinery, and making it one of the best roller mills in, this section of the State. , In 1877 Mr. Groff was married to Miss Mary Miller, who was born in Lancaster county in. 1857, daughter of George and Elizabeth Miller. Her mother's people, the Tregos, are an old and noted family in Lancaster cotlnty. To Mr. and Mrs. Groff have come the following children : ( i ) Harry, born in 1879, is a working miller at Georgetown. He married Miss Ada Linton, of Colerain township, by whom he has had three children, all now deceased. (2) Lillie, born in 1 881, married Clyde Thompson,, and has two children, Wallace and William M. (3) George died when one year old. (4) Florence, born in March, 1898, is a bright and winning little maiden. my^ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 100 Martin K. Grofif has made his way in the world by his own strength and energy. Starting in Hfe as an apprentice boy, he has become one of the soHd and substantial citizens, and business men of Lan- caster county. He is a fine penman, and his mill books are models of expert bookkeeping. Person- ally he is a man of high principles and clean char- acter, and enjoys the confidence and respect of all who know him. Politically he is a Republican, and for twelve years has been township auditor. Mrs. Groff is a member of the Lutheran Church, where her husband attends. He belongs to the I. O. O. F., Lodge No. 6i, of Paradise township, and is also as- sociated with the American Mechanics at Lancaster city. AMOS N. LANDIS, one of the progressive and representative young farmer-citizens of Clay town- ship, was born in Manhcim township Aug. 3, 1869, son of John D. and Emma (Nolt) Landis, of Landis Valley, in Manheim township. John D. Landis, the father of Amos N., was born March 6, 1843, married Emma Nolt in 1865, and died Aug. 2, 1878. He was a son of Christian B. Landis, who was the father of these seven chil- dren : John D., the father of our subject ; Chris- tian, of Lancaster ; Benjamin, of Nefifsville ; Eliza- beth, wife of David Rudv. of Nefifsville; Susan, wife of Harry Groff; Fanny, who died unmarried; Jacob, of Akron, Pa. Four children were born to John D. Landis and wife, the two survivors being Amos N., of this sketch ; and Ella, the wife of Isaac Buchen, of Lincoln. After the death of her hus- band Mrs. Landis married John Wissler, of Weid- manville. Amos N. Landis was reared on the farm and attended the public schools of Manheim township. At the age of thirteen years he removed with his mother to Clay township, and here, Dec. 5, 1893, he married Miss Amanda Snyder, daughter of Si- mon and Fannie (Bucher) Snyder, of Clay town- ship. The children born of this union are: Si- mon, born Feb. 21, 1895 ; John, born Aug. i, 1896; and Lizzie, born Aug. 17, 1901. Mrs. Landis was born June 17, 1872, and was reared in a family of eight children, namely : Bar- bara, the wife of John Stoner, of Earl township; Annie, the wife of Jacob Doster, of Ephrata town- ship ; Sarah, wife of Lemon Weist, of Clay town- ship ; Catherine, the wife of Samuel Stoner, of Eph- rata ; Amanda; Christian, of Clay township; Lizzie, of Ephrata township ; and Lavina, also at home, in Clay township. Mr. Landis is one of the active and intelligent farmers of Clay and owns a fine farm situated on the pike road between Weidmanville and Clay. In politics he is a stanch Republican, has been a very efficient school director for the past five years, and takes an active interest in all measures looking to- ward the advancement of education in his locality. He belongs to the Dunkard Church. 64 • Although Mr. Landis belongs to one of the old- est and most honorable families of Lancaster county, he is dependent upon no such support, for he coin- mands the esteem and respect of all, through his. personal attributes. NORMAN F. HERCHELROTH, a prominent and successful farmer citizen of East Donegal town- ship, was born on his present farm on Sept. 13, 1869, a son of John and Mary J. (Paules) Herchel- roth, the former of East Donegal, the latter of Leba- non county, Pennsylvania. John Herchelroth died Aug. 11, 1892, at the age of seventy-four, but his wife survived until March 21, 1900, and both were laid to rest in the Maytown cemetery. They were good and worthy people, consistent members of the Reformed Church. To them were born : Anna, who married Harry Eshleman, of Maytown ; Mary, who married George Farmer, of Rawlinsville ; Hiram, who mar- ried Anna Lehman (deceased), and resides in Bain- bridge ; Emma, who resides in Philadelphia ; John, a professor in a business college in Philadelphia, who married Addie Redmond ; Jacob, who married Sophia .Shaffer, and is a practicing physician in Philadelphia; and Norman F., the sfibject of this biography. On Sept. 19, 1893, Mr. Norman F. Herchel- roth was united in marriage to Miss Agnes Ruther- ford, and to this union one son has been born, — Victor F. Mrs. Herchelroth was born in Bain- bridge, this county, in 1871, a daughter of William and Amanda (Rothrock) Rutherford, residents of Elizabethtown, where Mr. Rutherford is a well known stone mason. Mr. Herchelroth has always lived upon this farm, with the exception of the time spent at school attending the Millersville Academy. Reared on the farm, he thoroughly understands its management and is considered one of the best agriculturists in this locality, the excellent state of his land and the comfortable surroundings giving evidences of thrift and prosperity. . In politics he is a Republican, and is one .of the substantial and representative citizens of East Donegal. CHRISTIAN E. BRACKBILL. One of the most skillful, and consequently most successful, young farmers of Salisbury township, Lancaster Co., Pa.,' is Christian E. Brackbill, who was born on the farm on which. he still lives Jan. 13, 1871. His parents. Flam and Barbara (Hershey) Brack- bill, are natives of Paradise township, Lancaster county, where they now reside, but they came to Salisbury township in 1870 and remained until the spring of 1892, when they returned to' their native township. Elam Brackbill, a" general farmer, was born- in 1841, and his wife Barbara (Hershey) Brackbill, in 185 1. To their marriage have been ■ born eight children in the following order: Chris- tian E., whose name opens this biography; Susan 1010 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY E., who is married to Daniel Eshleman, a farmer in Leacock township; Magdelina, unmarried; Ida E., wife of John Eshleman, a farmer in Salisbury township; Anna M., wife of John Groff, a farmer also of Leacock township ; Harry G., a school teach- er, at home ; Esther S., also at home ; and Elam, de- ceased. Elam and Barbara (Hershey) Brackbill are members of the Mennonite Church, and for many years Mr. Brackbill was a school director, an office which he filled with marked astuteness. The paternal grandparents of Christian E. Brackbill were Benjamin and Susan Brackbill, and the mater- nal grandfather was Christian Hershey, who mar- ried a Miss Metzler, both of Lancaster county. Nov. 2, 1893, Christian E. Brackbill was united in marriage with Miss Anna Buckwalter, who has borne him one child, Ellis B. Mrs. Brackbill was born June 14, 1867, in Salisbury township, and is a daughter of Isaac and Magdalina (Hershey) Buckwalter, of whom further mention will soon be made. Immediately after marriage Mr. Brackbill settled down on the farm of • 102 acres in Salisbury township and began operations on his own account. As he had been born and reared on the place and was familiar with every feature and phase of its condi- tions and intimate with the constituents of its soil and its mutations imder climatic or thermal influ- ences, his success was assured at the beginning and he has now as profitable a farm as there is of its dimensions in the township. In politics Mr. Brackbill is a Republican, but has never sought public office; yet he has served one term as school director, by appointment to fill out an unexpired term. He is an attendant at the Mennonite church, of which Mrs. Brackbill is a devout member, and his walk through life is such as to merit the esteem of his numerous warm-heart- ed friends and that of the general public, which is accorded him in a marked degree. Isaac Buckwalter, father of Mrs. Christian E. Brackbill, and now living in retirement in Salis- bury township, Lancaster county, was born in East Lampeter township Nov. 21, 1837, and is one of the eleven children born to Henry and Bar- bara (Neff) Buckwalter, the former of whom died in 1 861 at the age of fifty- four years, and the latter in 1864, when fifty-six years old, their remains be- ing interred in Mellinger's cemetery in East Lamp- eter township. The eleven children comprising the Buckwalter family were born in the following or- der: Mary, living in Soudersburg, the widow of John Downer; Anna, deceased wife of Benjamin Eby; Susan, who v/as first married to Walter and next to John Denlinger, but who has now passed away ; Sarah, deceased wife of Emanuel Denlinger ; Hattie, wife of Israel Landis, of East Lampeter township ; Lizzie, wife of Daniel Kreider, of the same township ; Barbara, wife of Peter Hershey, of Paradise township; Benjamin, deceased; Free- land, of East Earl township; Martin, of Strasburg township ; and Isaac, named above. The paternal grandparents of Isaac Buckwalter were named John and Judith Buckwalter and were natives of Lan- caster county. Isaac Buckwalter and Mattie Hershey were joined in matrimony at Lancaster in 1864, and eight children have resulted from this marriage, namely: Anna, now Mrs. C. E. Brackbill ; John, still at home ; Mary, married to Chris Zimmerman, a farmer in East Earl township, to whom she has borne three children ; Barbara, wife of David Sensinick, mother of two children, and residing in Salisbury township ; Isaac, Freeland, David and Martha — all four still at home. The mother of this family, Mrs. Mattie (Hershey) Buckwalter, was born in Salisbury township, in Jan., 1845, and is a daughter of John and Mattie (Musser) Hershey. Mr. Buckwalter at marriage rented his present farm but by leading a frugal and industrious life soon became its owner, and is now one of the wealthiest men in the township. He and his wife are members of the Mennonite church, and in poli- tics Mr. Buckwalter is a Republican. ABRAHAM B. GROFF, whose residence is near New Holland, Pa., was born in Upper Lea- cock township Nov. 8, i860, and is a son of Abra- ham and Carlotte (Shaeffer) Groff, both of whom are dead. His grandfather, Abraham Groff, re- sided in Groffdale, Lancaster county. Abraham B. Groflf was reared in Upper Lea- cock township, where he was educated in the public schools, and at twenty years of age established him- self in West Earl township. Two years later he came to Earl township, where he has since made his home. His active life was begun on the farm, and the tillage of the soil has been his life work. In 1886 he purchased the property where he is now living, just south of New Holland, only a quarter of a mile from the borough line. This place com- prises twenty-four acres, and is finely improved. He has a handsome residence, a commodious barn, and ample tobacco barns. These substantial im- provements have been effected since the land passed into his possession. In 1892 he began dealing in tobacco and farm implements, and is very com- pletely equipped for the trade, large quantities of tobacco passing through his hands. As an imple- ment dealer, his trade is second only to the heaviest dealers in the city of Lancaster. He handles all kinds of implements, making special features of the Advance binders, the Hoover Wagon Company buggies and the Columbia wagons. He has drills, and seeds of all kinds. Mr. Groff has lately built a tobacco warehouse, 32 ft. x 60 ft., of four stories, where he can store 1,500 cases of tobacco; he has also put up an implement warehouse, 48 ft. x 100 ft., two stories high, in New Holland borough, on Railroad avenue, near the Pennsylvania Railroad station. His new headquarters is the largest im- plement building in Pennsylvania. He enjoys an immense trade, and takes satisfaction in the thought BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1011 that it represents his own labor. He is a member of the school board of Earl township. Beginning at the very bottom, with nothing but his pluck and energy to carry him through, his success is evident from the fact that he is now among the most pros- perous men of the community. In 1880 he was married to Miss Lizzie Bear, who died in Feb., 1899, at the age of thirty-seven years, leaving four children : Leroy W., Christian M., A. B. Charlie, and Annie C. Mrs. Groff was a mem- ber of the Reformed Church. Leroy W. is a teach- er in the public schools of Earl township, and had his training for the work at Millersville. HARRY B. HERR, a resident of Lime Val- ley, West Lampeter township, Lancaster county, was born on the Herr homestead in Strasburg town- ship, June 21, 1 87 1, and was reared on the farm. His education was secured in the public schools, and his life has passed peacefully, and with but little excitement, in Strasburg and West Lampeter town- ships, just as the most useful lives are often the most iraeventful. After his marriage Mr. Herr began farming on the home place, where he spent the two ensuing years. In the spring of 1895 he removed to his present place, which consists of a hundred acres. Here he does general farming and gives much at- tention to the handling and preparation of draft horses for the eastern markets. He buys from western stockmen, and will take only the best bred, so that his name has already become identified with the upper ranges of the market. Mr. Herr is a bright and progressive young man, and by observation, study and close attention, keeps abreast of the times. He is highly regarded in the business com- munity, and has won many friends in the eastern cities, who are glad to tender him any courtesy and attention they can when he comes their way, as he has those personal qualities that arrest attention and command respect. On Nov. 4, 1896, Mr. Herr was married to Miss Minnie L., a daughter of Henry L. Groflf, of Stras- burg township, and to them has come one child, Anna Elizabeth. Mr. and Mrs. Herr are both mem- bers of the Old Mennonite church, and are highly respected in the community in which their useful and well ordered lives are passing. CALVIN G. HINKLE, a well-known locomo- tive fireman, was born on the edge of Columbia bor- ough, in West Hempfield township, Lancaster Co., Pa., May 16, 1873, is a son of Joseph and Anna (Mellinger) Hinkle, and still has his home in Co- lumbia. Joseph Hinkle, the father, of whom men- tion is made in another part of this volume, was a wealthy farmer, but is now deceased. Calvin G. Hinkle lived with his parents until twenty-two vears of age, attending the district school until fifteen years old, then for three years working in the Keeley Stove Works, and at the age of nineteen beginning work as a fireman on the Pennsylvania railroad, a position he has filled up to the present time with credit to himself and satisfac- tion to the company. July 3, 1895, Calvin G. Hinkle was joined in matrimony at Lower Windsor, York Co., Pa., with Miss Virgilla P. Heindel, and this union has been blessed with one child, Beatrice. Mrs. Virgilla P. (Heindel) Hinkle, is a native of Lower Windsor, was born March 18, 1877, and is a daughter of John and Mary (Fox) Heindel, who still reside in Lower Windsor. John Heindel was born in 1835, was reared a farmer, is a man of considerable promi- nence locally, has held many township offices, and at one time was treasurer of York county. At pres- ent he is a director of the York County Fire Insur- ance Company. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and are the par- ents of nine children: George, a clerk in Elgin, III. ; Laura, wife of William Ensign, of Lower Windsor, Pa. ; Samuel, a dentist in Manheim, Pa. ; Valetta, wife of Byrd Hinkle, a farmer of York county ; Moses, keeper of a grocery and dry-goods store in Wrightsville ; Rev. John, a Lutheran minis- ter in Jersey City, N. J. ; Charles, with his father on the home farm ; Virgilla, now Mrs. Hinkle ; and Sadie, also at home. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Hinkle were Henry and Julia Heindel, natives of Germany, who settled in York county, Pa., on the farm now occu- pied by their son, John. Her maternal grandparents were Samuel and Mary (McFarley) Fox, also farm- ing people of York county. Calvin G. Hinkle is classed among the repre- sentatives of the older and more respected families of Columbia and West Hempfield townships, enjoys the esteem of his fellow firemen, and, with his wife, the respect of the community in which he lives. Mr. and Mrs. Hinkle are members of the Lutheran Church, while he belongs to the Brotherhood of Lo- comotive Firemen, and the Relief Corps. In poli- tics he is a Republican. SAMUEL G. GRAYBILL, a successful ware- house man and dealer in grain, coal and feed in Rheems, Lancaster county, handles along with these leading lines, flour, salt, seed, phosphates, hay and straw, paving stone and tile, and has built up for himself an enviable reputation as a tradesman and an upright and reliable man. Mr. Graybill was born in Penn township, Lan- caster county, Oct. 31, 1872, and is a son of Rev. Reuben S. and Rebecca (Groff) Graybill. They were born in Penn township, where they remained and followed farming until 1896. Since then they have lived a retired life. The father has been a German Baptist preacher since 1886, and is a man much respected by those who know him. Born in 1841, he keeps his health and strength. The mother, who was born in 1846, has reared the following chil- dren: Amanda G., the wife of James W. Boyd, a 1012 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY farmer of Penn township ; John G., married to Min- nie Keller, and a teller in the National Bank at Man- heim, Pa. ; Nathan G., married to Ella Gibble, and a farmer in Penn township; Samuel G., noted .at the beginning of this article. Samuel Graybill, the grandfather of Samuel G., was born in Lancaster county, and came of good old Swiss stock. In early years this branch of the fam- ily changed the spelling of the name from Kraybill to Graybill. The maternal grandfather of Samuel G. Gray- bill was John Groff, who married a Miss Brubaker. They also were natives of Lancaster county, and were descendants of a Swiss ancestry. Samuel G. Graybill and Miss Katie Groff, the bright and accomplished daughter of Benjamin G. Groff, were married in Elizabethtown, Pa., in 1896. A biographical sketch of the father of Mrs. Gray- bill may be found on another page. Samuel G. Graybill remained at home with his parents imtil he reached the age of twenty-three years, when in company with his father-in-law, Mr. Groff, he embarked in the lumber, feed and grain business. At the end of four years they dissolved partnership, and Mr. Graybill came to his present stand. Here he has built tip a good business, and has many warm' and ardent friends throughout the com- munity. Mr. and Mrs. Graybill are members of the Ger- man Baptist Church, and are prominent and wealthy people in the community where they live. In poli- tics he is a Republican, and is counted one of the good citizens of the day. At the present time Mr. and Mrs. Graybill are living in Elizabethtown, while he does business in Rheems. ABRAHAM W. ROOT, a prominent business citizen of East Hempfield township, Lancaster Co., Pa., is the owner and manager of a large nursery business, located one and one-half miles north of East Petersburg, and was born on the home farm, one mile north of this village, on March 7, 1872, a son of Abraham F. Root, of this township. Benjamin Root was the grandfather of Abra- ham W. Root, and was a son of Jacob Root, who married a Miss Buckwalter, of an old family of New Holland, Lancaster county. Benjamin was born in 1814, and died in 18S7, and was one of a large family nine of whom grew to maturity. Reared on the farm, he always followed that occupation, and quite early in life started out to work for himself, in 1845 removing "to East Hempfield township, where he first farmed land on shares, but later purchased a farm of about fifty acres, located between Peters- burg and Landisville, this being now owned by Jacob Roher. After disposing of this property Benjamin Root bought some fourteen acres in Mountville, where he lived for a time, but later re- moved to Landisville, and there he died, being at that time a member of the board of education. He was a consistent member of the Old Mennonite Church. His marriage was with Elizabeth Frantz, a daughter of John Frantz, of Lampeter township, born on a farm one mile from Bird-iri Hand; her death occurred in Sept., 1863. Nine children were born of this union: Abra- ham F., the father of our subject; Israel, a farmer and a dealer in agricultural implements, in Landis- ville; John, who died at the age of twenty-one; Adam, a resident near Elizabethtown, Pa.; Amos, a teacher in the public schools of Mt. Joy; Simon, a farmer near Elizabethtown; Mary, who married M. G. Musser, of Lancaster, and is deceased ; Ben- jamin, deceased ; and an infant, deceased. The father of these children was a leading and representative raa.n, and was well and favorably known, leaving to his eldest son a name which he could bear and cherish with pride. Abraham F. Root, the father of our subject, was born May 20, 1836, and received his education in the public schools of his neighborhood, and also enjoyed one session at the State Normal School, at Millersville, making his home with his people until he left to form new ties, in 1863. At this time he began farming on shares, according to a prevalent cus- tom, in Mt. Joy township, remaining one year, but in 1864 he purchased his present homestead, in East Plempfield township, consisting of fifty-four acres, located one and one-half miles north of East Peters- burg, and here he has one of the very pleasantest homes in this part of the county, the valuable im- provements being of substantial character, and the surroundings most attractive. General farming has proved most remunerative to him, and he has-' taken a deep interest in developing his land to its greatest extent. Probably Abraham F. Root is one of the largest owners of valuable land in this locality. In 1887 he purchased a farm of twenty acres, situated be- tween his home and Petersburg, which he improved with a complete set of new buildings, and presented this valuable property to his son, S. N. Root, and in 1891 he continued his fatherly kindness by the pur- chase of forty-four acres lying northwest of his home farm, and presented this to another son, Abra- ham W. Root. Later, he added a small tract of five acres, lying on the old Lititz road, one mile west of his residence, and upon this property he is busily engaged in the erection of substantial and com- modious buildings, and other permanent improve- ments which will make this in the near future a very desirable place. Not all of his time, however, is occupied in farming or in looking after his real estate holdings, as for a long season he has been a school director, always interested in all educational matters, and he is a stockholder and one of the directors in the Northern Market, of Lancaster City. On Sept. 13, 1862, Abraham F. Root- married Mary Nissley, of East Donegal township, a daugh- ter of Joseph Nissley, and to them have been born three children : Samuel N., a farmer and tobacco dealer ; John, who died at the age of seventeen • and BIOGRAPtllCAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1013 Mary, who died at the age of fourteen. The mother of these children died on March 29, 1869, and in January, 1871, he married the widow of Elam Fritz, her maiden name having been Sarah Witmer, the •daughter of George Witmer, of New Providence township. To this union has been born a family of four children : Abraham W., farmer and nurs- eryman ; Jacob W., at home on the farm ; Emma and Laura, at home. Both Abraham F. Root and wife are members of the Old Mennonite Church, and few there are, in this community, who are better or more favorably known. Abraham W. Root, the son of the above worthy people, was reared on the farm, and early taught those principles of industry and thrift which he has displayed with such a successful result, in the man- agement of his own business. His mind seemed to have a natural bent toward horticulture, and while but a lad of ten years he began his experiments in fruit growing, and he wisely decided to direct his attention to that field of labor. While storing his mind with all the literature he could iind upon the subject, he was not content with this theoretical knowledge, but visited various nurseries both in this and in the State of New York, and in 1893 opened up a small nursery plant which he has increased un- til he now has some fifteen acres stocked, making a special feature of apple, peach and plum trees; he also carries a good assortment of small fruits, in fact everything that can be found in any first- class nursery, and successfully operates a farm of forty-four acres. His stock is mostly disposed of in this State, for which he employs eight salesmen, and he has just taken his brother, Jacob W. Root, in as partner and is branching out on a much larger scale. A member of the State Horticultural so- ciety, he both teaches and learns at its meetings. The marriage of Abraham W. Root was on Nov. 21, 1895, to Ella Shenk, a daughter of John Shenk, of Manheim township, and to this union have been born two children, Mary and Ira. Both he and his estimable wife are members of the old Mennonite Church, where they enjoy the esteem of a large cir- cle of friends. LOUIS WEBER, jeweler, watch maker and optician, has Hved in Lancaster for almost thirty years, all but one of which he has been identified with the best commercial life of the city. Louis Weber, Sr., his father, came to this coun- try from Baden, Germany, in 1848, settling in Phila- delphia where he still resides. He was a lithograph painter, and was of the pioneers in that trade in this ■country. His marriage to Lena Gunther was con- summated in Philadelphia. From this union were Tiorn seven children, three of whom are deceased. The others are: Louis, in Lancaster; Rudolf, of Philadelphia: Lena, wife of P. R. Paynter; and Henry, of Lancaster. Louis Weber came to Lancaster March 4, 1873, and secured employment for a year with a prominent jewelry house in this city, and then set up for him- self in Centre Square, where he remained for six years. Having learned his trade in a first-class es- tablishment in Philadelphia, he was thoroughly equipped, and his reputation as an expert workman soon became extended, bringing him much trade, and compelling his removal to larger quarters, at No. I595'^ North Queen street, where he is still found. In the early days of his career in Lancaster Mr. Weber was united in marriage to Miss Anna L., a daughter of the late Philip Fitzpatrick, who was one of the best known citizens of Lancaster. They have had one child, George R., who learned his fa- ther's trade, and then, taking a course in optics in New York, became a graduate optician, and opened optical parlors above his father's store, equipping them with paraphernalia unknown before in this section. During the long period he has dealt with the Lan- caster public, Louis Weber has enjoyed the reputa- tion of being not only skilled in his work, but thor- oughly reliable in his business methods, and now has an extended clientage. An intelligent citizen he never obtrudes his opinions and confines himself strictly to his business, always being at his post. ABRAM SHOEMAKER, one of the highly es- teemed citizens and substantial retired farmers of Lancaster county, was born on the farm in Martic township, which he now owns. May 12, 1832, a son of Jesse and Sarah (Lukins) Shoemaker, who were natives of Montgomery coimty, who located in Lan- caster county in 1828. Grandfather Joseph Shoemaker was of German ancestry, and he reared four children : Abraham, Jesse, Lydia and Charles, all of whom have gone to their reward. Jesse Shoemaker, a son of Joseph and the father of Abram, was born in 1796, and died in 1883, at the age of eighty-seven years. His first wife was Sarah Ambler, and one daughter, Hannah, now de- ceased, was the only child of this union. The second wife of Jesse Shoemaker was Sarah Lukins, and to this union six children were born : Joseph, deceased ; Enos, deceased; Abram; Martha Ann, deceased; Charles, deceased ; and William L., of Fulton town- ship, of whom more extended mention may be found elsewhere. Abram Shoemaker was reared to agricultural pursuits, and through life has followed farming in all its branches. His industry and energy 'have been substantially rewarded, as he is now the owner of two of the best farms in this county, his home being in every way one of the most attractive and desirable in his neighborhood. .A man of sterling worth, re- spected and valued by his acquaintances and beloved by his family and friends, he is a citizen who worth- ily represents the great State in which he was born ■ — a State whose children are never ashamed to con- fess that they are Pennsylvanians. 1014 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Abram Shoemaker married Regina Y. Idall, who was the estimable daughter of William and Mary (Streeper) Idall on Dec. i6, 1858. Three children were born to this marriage: Annie S., who is the widow of Benjamin F. Treas, of Philadelphia; Wil- mer G., who died at the age of twenty years; and Mary A., who resides at home. Mrs. Shoemaker was born on Sept. 3, 1838, and is a lady well known as a kind and sympathetic neighbor and as one who in every way sustains the character of a Christian woman. Abram Shoemaker was educated in the public schools and has alwa3's taken an interest in their ad- vancement. In politics he belongs to the Republican party, and is a consistent member of the Society of Friends. DR. HENRY F. BRENEMAN, the well-known veterinary surgeon, residing near Mt. Joy, in East Donegal township, is a native son of Lancaster county, and he inherited from his father the sym- pathetic love of dimib animals that was the guiding star to his chosen calling. He was born in Rapho township Sept. 10, 1843, ^ son of Dr. John and Fanny (Freed) Breneman, natives of Lancaster township, this county, and New Philadelphia, Pa., respectively. Dr. John Breneman died in Rapho township, in 1877, at the ag'e of sixty-one. He was a farmer by occupation, and also a veterinary surgeon. In all his work he was very successful, and his genial man- ners won him many friends. He was prominent in public aflfairs and served as supervisor of his town. He was twice married. His first wife, Fanny Freed, died in 1854, at the early age of thirty-seven. This union resulted in children as follows: Dr. Henry F. ; Kate F., widow of Amos Witmer, a farmer near Nefifsville. Pa. ; Samuel F., a school teacher, now de- ceased ; and Miss Fanny F., of Silver Springs. For his second wife Dr. Breneman married Mrs. Mary (Miller) Stauffer, and by this marriage became the father of Christian, a farmer of Rapho; and Rev. Benjamin, a United Brethren minister at Silver Springs. Mrs. Mary (Stauffer) Breneman was born near Lancaster, of Swiss descent, and died in 1900, aged eightj'-two years. She had been married prior to her union with Dr. Breneman, her first husband being John Stauffer. By this marriage she was the mother of five children, namely: John, a farmer, now deceased; Mary and Abraham, both deceased; Henry, of Lancaster ; and Jacob, a farmer, now de- ceased. Henry F. Breneman remained with his parents until he attained his majority. During these years he had worked on the farm and assisted his father in the care of sick stock. After leaving home he learned the tanner's trade, which he followed twelve years, and then again began the practice of veterinary sur- gery, which he has since followed. He located in his present place of residence in 1872, and has met v/ith much success in his calling, and has won many friends. Politically he is a stanch Republican, and actively interested in public affairs. In religious be- lief he adheres to the tenets of the Old Mennonite faith. On Jan. o, 1873, Dr. Breneman married Harriet H. Hfidler, who has borne him the following chil- dren: Ira H., who died at the age of two years; Minnie H., who married Dr. E. W. Newcomer, of Mt. Joy ; and Nora FI. and Martha H., both at home. Mrs. Harriet H. (Heidler) Breneman was born in West Hempfield township, June 10, 1849, ^ daughter of Levi and Martha (Hougendobler) Heidler, now living retired in that township. Levi Heidler was born Aug. 26, 1813, and his wife on April I, 1820. Both are members of the Lutheran Church. Their children were : Anna, deceased wife of Christian Shank; William, a tobacco packer of Ironville, Pa. ; Henry, of Faithcure, Cal. ; Barbara, at home; Cyrus, in a bakery in Mountville, Pa.; Sarah, wife of Dr. C. A. McCauley, a physician of Petersburg, Pa.; Martha, wife of Christian K. Shank, of West Hempfield township; Harriet H. ; Mary, who died young; Samuel, a school teach- er in Springfield, 111. ; and Horace, an operator of West Hempfield. AMOS CHARLES. Among the prominent farmers and successful business men of Lancaster county, who have been identified with prosperous business interests for a number of years, in this vi- cinity, is Amos Charles, who resides on his finely cultivated farm in East Hempfield township, one mile west of the village of Rohrerstown. Mr. Charles was born on the old family home- stead, in Manor township, Aug. 2, 1849, ^ son of Christian H. Charles, deceased, the latter of whom was a son of Jacob and Barbara (Herr) Charles,. who were the parents of five daughters and two sons. The mother of our subject was Fannie (Forrey) Charles, and both parents were consistent members of the old Mennonite Church. Amos Charles received a very fair education irk the public schools of his district, remaining with his. parents until he had reached the age of twenty-one,, when he began farming operations for himself, early displaying the good judgment which has since marked his career, and which has been one element of his success. The first tract of land upon which our subject began his independent farming labors was one which adjoined the old homestead, in Manor township, and here he remained until 1884, at which time he removed to his present fine farm of eighty acres, in East Hempfield, and immediately began the improvements and operations which have made of this place one of the most productive in the county. Until 1888 he gave his whole attention to his farm- ing interests, but realizing the desirability of an es- tablishment where the neighboring farmers could more easily obtain the commodities like coal and feed, than by going some distance, he opened up on his farm, yards for the same, and since that time has BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1015 been actively engaged in this business. Amos Charles is one of the progressive men who never stagnate, their active minds always seeing oppor- tunities for the further enlargement of their busi- ness interests, at the same time advancing the com- mercial prospects of the community. In 1896 Mr. Charles accepted the opportunity of becoming the owner by lease, of what is well known as the Willow Grove gristmill, in Manor township, located one mile north of M'illersville, and this is now most successfully operated bv the son of our subject, Amos B. Charles, the mill being well pre- pared to do all kinds of milling. Amos Charles is one of the stockholders and is also a director in the Fair- view Milling Co., of Columbia, Lancaster county, having been one of the founders of the same, an organization well and favorably known throughout the State. t In 1870, Amos Charles was married to Mary A. Bowers, who was born in East Hempfield township July 24, 1 85 1, daughter of Benjamin Bowers, of Manor township, and four children have been born of this union: Amos B., the efficient assistant of his father in the milling business ; Willis B., a farmer of Manor township; Christian E., who was grad- uated with honors from Franklin and Marshall Col- lege, June 20, 1900, ranking sixth in a class of thirty- nine, and is now principal of the Bart central high school — a position to which he has been elected a second time; and Clayton B. Both Amos Charles and wife have long been most valued members • of the Mennonite Church, in which they were reared by good parents, and our subject is the most efficient superintendent of the Rohrerstown Sabbath school, holding that position for five years. The entire fam- ily is respected and esteemed throughout the town- ship. ENOS D. SHEAFFER. This worthy and re- spected representative of the agricultural interests of Lancaster county is a resident of Leacock township. Both himself and wife are worthy members of two of the oldest families in the coimty, whose individual members have always been citizens of the highest character. Mr. Sheafifer was born Dec. 3, 1856, in the town- ship in which he still resides, son of Bear and Eliza- beth (Heller) Shaeffer, and comes of a race of farm- ers, his father and grandfather before him having cultivated the soil. Bear Sheafifer died in 1873 at the age of forty-five years, and lies buried in the Roland Church 'burying-ground in Leacock town- ship. His widow resides with her daughter, Mrs. Martha Sharp, and is quite active at the age of sev- enty-seven years. They were the parents of : Sam- uel,' a farmer of Paradise township; Henry, de- ceased; Enos D. ; Martin, a farmer of Lancaster county; Joseph, a telegraph operator in Lancaster; Catherine, Mrs. Albert Rutter, of Leacock township ; Margaret, deceased wife of Freeman Bitzer; Sallie, unmarried ; and Martha, widow of Christian Sharp. Samuel Sheaffer, the paternal grandfather of Enos D., lived and died in Lancaster county. On the ma- ternal side the grandfather was Joseph Heller, also a resident of Lancaster county. Enos D. Sheaffer was reared on a farm in Lan- caster county and received a good common-school education in the district schools of Leacock town- ship. He remained on the farm until 1879, when he set up an establishment of his own at his present home, and where he has since followed the life, of an agriculturist most successfully. He is looked upon as one of the most thorough farmers in the county, and his farm has an appearance of thrift and neat- ness which is an evidence of the distinguishing char- acteristics of its owner. Mr. and Mrs. Sheaffer are worthy members of the Reformed Church of Lea- cock township, and are useful members of society in that rural community. In politics Mr. Sheaffer votes for principles promulgated by the Democratic platform. Mr. Sheaffer was married in 1879 in New Hol- land, Pa., to Miss Amanda Sprecker, who was born in the "Leopard Hotel," Lancaster, and is a sister of Samuel Sprecker, deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Sheaffer are the parents of three children : Louis, Jonathan (who died in 1884) and Anna. A man of fine strength of character, genial and hospitable in dis- position, Mr. Sheaffer merits the high esteem in which he is held in Lancaster county. JOSEPH G. DESCH, who at the time of his death was living retired in Columbia, was for many years actively identified with the business interests of that city, and having acquired a comfortable com- petence was able to lay aside all business cares and enjoy a well-earned rest. Mr. Desch was born in Bavaria, Germany, Sept. ID, 1833, son of Philip and Mary H. (Herr) Desch, natives of the same kingdom, who in 185 1 emigrated to America and took up their residence in Baltimore, Md., where the father lived retired for ten years. In his native land he had engaged in merchandising. Returning to Germany on a visit, he died in that country in 1870, at the age of seventy-five }^ears, while his wife died in Baltimore, in 1875, at the age of seventy-six. In their family were the following children: John and Peter, who died in Baltimore; Mary, wife of Leo Bruner, a retired merchant and ex-postmaster in Germany; Baldser, a traveling agent of Germany ; Anthony, who was killed in the battle of Fredericksburg, during the Civil war ; Jo- seph G., whose name introduces this sketch; Gert- rude, wife of George Smith, a cooper of Baltimore ; and George and Margaret, who both died in that city. Before leaving his native land Joseph G. Desch was employed as a traveling agent with his father. At the age of eighteen years he came to the United States, landing in New York, whence he proceeded to Baltimore, where he spent five years. He then came to Columbia, Pa., where he followed the butch- 1016 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY er's trade nine years, and conducted a tavern thirty- six years, during the last six years of which time he also operated a brewery. From 1890 he lived re- tired, enjoying the fruits of his former toil. Mr. Desch was a member of the German Catholic Church, and an ardent supporter of the Democratic party. Throughout I^ancaster county he was widely known and he had a host of warm friends. In 1858 Mr. Desch was married in Columbia to Miss Caroline Rider, and to them the following chil- dren were born: Frederick, who died in 1879; Elizabeth, wife of Edward Bittner, a cigar manufac- turer of Columbia ; Charles, George and Mary, all of whom died young; Carrie, wife of Henry Glot- felder, who is clerking in Columbia; CeciHa, at home ; Jennie, wife of John Payne, a stove molder of Columbia ; Joseph A., who married Lillie Granford, and conducts the "Operatic Exchange Hotel," Co- lumbia ; Avigust, who married Mabel Eshleman, and is engaged in clerking ; and Stella and William, both at home. Mrs. Desch was born in Columbia Jan. 28, 1840, the only child of Frederick and Elizabeth (Graff) Rider, natives of Germany. The father, who was a carpet weaver by trade, came to the New World when a young man and located in. Columbia, where he spent the remainder of his life, dying there in Januar)"-, 1850, at the age of thirty years. He was a Lutheran in religious belief, while his wife was a member of the Catholic Church. When a child she came to' this country with her parents, and contin- ued her residence in Columbia throughout life. She died in 1890, at the age of seventy-four years. ARTHUR A. JOHNSON, who passed to his reward Feb. 10, 1897, was born in Little Britain township, March 20, 1830, a son of John and Mary Johnson, of that township. John Johnson was the father of the following family : James ; Arthur A. ; Elizabeth ; Mary, wife of Dr. John W. Zell (see sketch elsewhere in this volume) , of Little Britain township ; Miss Phcebe, of Fairmount ; John, deceased ; Franklin, deceased ; and Sarah, deceased. Arthur A. Johnson was one of the leading farm- ers of the township, and a prominent citizen. In politics he was a stanch Republican, and in religious matters was a regular attendant of the Presbyterian Church. At the time of his death he was in very comfortable circumstances, leaving an estate con- sisting of his fine farm of 175 acres, all well im- proved and with excellent buildings. He was a kind neighbor, an honorable citizen and a loving husband and father. His untimelv death was mourned by all who knew him, and his family have never recovered from his loss. On Jan. ti, 1867, Mr. Johnson was married to Miss Margaret Hays, of Little Britain township, a daughter of John and Margaret (Clendennin) Hays, and two children were born of this union : Mary N., born May 28, 1873, died Feb. 14, 1884 ; and Leeta H., born May 27, 1879, died June 25, 1898, she being a student at Normal when she was taken ill; her death was a severe blow to her already bereaved mother, and she is remembered as a loving girl, bright, attractive and gentle, a true Christian and a general favorite. Mrs. Johnson came of a family well known in Lancaster county, and was one of nine children born to her parents: Catherine, born June 10, 1815; Mary, born Sept. 21, 1817; WilHam, born Jan. 2, 1820 ; Johrr, born Feb. 28, 1822 ; Wallace, born June 2, 1824 ; Jemima, born June 10, 1827 ; Charles, born Jan. 16, 1830; James, born July 2"], 1832; and Mar- garet, Mrs. Johnson. All are now deceased except Mrs. Johnson and her brother Charles, of Little Britain township. Bereft of her loved ones, Mrs. Johnson now lives wholly for others. « AMOS G. FUNK, a progressive and successful farmer residing on his homestead of sixty-five acres one mile south of Millersville, was born April 25, 1838, on his father's farm in Manor township, and farming has been his life occupation. Martin M. Funk — a well-known name in Lan- caster county — was born on the family homestead near Central Manor, son of Henry Funk, a very prominent citizen of Manor township. Martin M. passed his entire life in agricultural pursuits, and was verv successful. To his marriage with Mag- dalina Greider were born seven children, as follows : Elizabeth, deceased; Annie, widow of Michael Brenneman; Mattie, immarried; Amos G., with whose name this sketch opens ; Tobias G., a farmer of Martic township; Martin G., of Landis Valley; and Mary G., who married Christian H. Herr. Amos G. Funk attended the public schools in his youthful days, and proved an apt scholar. He began his business life by farming on the old homestead for one year, and then settled on his present farm, which is one of the finest of its dimensions in the vicinity of Millersville. About 1892 he succeeded to the original Funk homestead, which contains 102 acres, on which two of his sons at present have their residence. In connection with farming Amos G. Funk has for the past twenty- three years conducted a dairy, supplying Millers- ville with milk, cream, butter, etc., and together with his cattle and fields has made for himself a comforta- ble competency. In 1867 Amos G. Funk married Miss Elizabeth Herr, daughter of Christian and Elizabeth (Shenk) Herr, and five children have graced their union, viz : Mattie H., the eldest, died in infancy. Christian, married Miss Mary Herr, and has a family of three children, Roy, Christian and Amos; he resides on the old homestead. Martin, also residing on the home farm, is married to Susan Herr, who has borne him one child, Elizabeth. Elizabeth H., married Willis Hershey, of Lancaster township, and they have one child, Ruth Elizabeth. A. Herr, the young- est, lives at home. AMOS G. FUNK BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1017 The Funk family are members of the Mennonite Church, of which they are among the strongest sup- porters financially, and the teachings of which they strictly follow, thus winning' the heartfelt esteem of all who know them. JOHN B. BAIR, a general farmer and one of the notable citizens of Leacock township, where he has been supervisor and school director, was born Jan. 24, 1848, on the farm where he is yet living, son of Joel and Leah (Bushong) Bair. Joel Bair was born in Upper Leacock township, •and was a farmer all his days. He died July 4, 1893, at the advanced age of eighty. His wife passed to Tier reward Nov. 18, 1884. She was born Nov. 12, 1818, in East Lampeter township. Mr. Bair moved to Earl township, where he passed the remainder of his life. Both himself and wife were members of the Reformed Church, and they were buried in Rolands cemetery, in Earl township. To them were born: d) Evanah married Diller Rank, a farmer in Chester county. (2) Israel is a clerk in New Hol- land, Pa. (3) John B. is mentioned below. (4) George W. is a farmer of Earl township. (5) Leah A. married Elam E. Kling, a farmer of Earl town- ship. (6) Jason D. is a merchant in Leacock town- ship. (7) Amos O. died young. The paternal grandparents of John B. Bair were Joel and Mary (Wolf) Bair. His maternal grand- parents were John and Annie (Meyers) Bushong, of East Lampeter township. John Bushong was born in 1797, was a farmer, and died in 1868, and both he and his wife were buried in Heller's Church ceme- tery. The maternal great-grandparents of Mr. Bair, John and Anna E. Bushong, were also of Lancaster, county. John B. Bair was married Nov. 11, 1872, in New Holland, Pa., by Rev. D. W. Gerhard, to Caroline C, daughter of John and Caroline (Eckert) Bair. She was born in Upper Leacock township April 23, 1852. To this union have come: Bertha Eckert, Anna Magdelina and Joel A., all at home. John Bair, the father of Mrs. Caroline C. Bair, was a farmer. He died in December, 1893, at the age of seventy-seven years, following his wife, who passed to her reward in February, 1885, at the age of sixty-six vears. They were members of the Re- formed Church. To them were born the following children : Levi E., who is living retired in Lan- caster; Mary, who married Henry Bair, of Earl township, and is the mother of six children ; Elmira, widow of John Royer, of Leacock township ; John T., a resident of Earl township ; Caroline C., wife of John B. Bair ; Anna M., widow of David Kling, of Lancaster ; George L., who died at the age of seven- teen years ; and Rufus G, in the West. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. John B. Bair were George and Magdalina (Shafer) Bair; her maternal' grand- parents were I-evi and Mary (Sides) Eckert. John B. Bair remained at home with his parents until his marriage, when he engaged in farming on his own account. In the spring of 1874 they settled on the farm where they are found to-day,- and where very satisfactory success has crowned their efforts. For the past thirteen years Mr. Bair has been school director, and for three years he has filled the posi- tion of supervisor. Both he and his wife belong to the Lutheran Church. In politics he is a Republi- can, and he is in every way a prominent and success- ful citizen, one whose career is well worthy of com- mendation, and who is highly esteemed by the com- munity in which his useful life is passing. HARRY H. RUHL, whose home is one and one-half miles north of New Holland, Lancaster county, is a son of Samuel and Susan (Hackman) Ruhl. Llis grandfather came from Germany, and made his home in Penn township, where he became engaged in farming. His thrift, industry and wise management made him wealth)"-, and although he was the father of fourteen children, he was able to give each one a farm. He lived to he advanced in years, and died much respected by all who knew him. Samuel Ruhl, noted above as the father of Harry H., was born and reared in Penn township, where he resided some twelve or thirteen years. From Penn township Mr. Ruhl moved into Manheim township, and spent his last days at Rothsville, where he bought a farm, and died at the age of sev- enty-six. All his life an industrious and hard- working farmer, his character was beyond reproach, and his career in every way honorable. Susan Hackman, his wife, was a daughter of Jacob Hack- man, of Indiana, and she died in 1868, at the age of forty-five }'ears. They had a family of seven children : Susanna, who married Isaac Zwally, and is now deceased ; Elizabeth, the wife of David Ben- der, of Rothsville ; Harry H. ; Mary Ann, who mar- ried Henry Leib, and is a resident of Rothsville ; Samuel and Fianna, both dead ; and Alice, the wife of Martin Miller, of Akron. The parents of these children were both honored and devoted members of the'United Brethren Church. Harry H. Ruhl was born July 26, 1848, on the family homestead, and was educated in the common schools. When he was twenty-three years of age he was married, and locating near Oregon, for some fourteen years was engaged in farming. At the end of that period he bought a neat little farm of six- teen acres, where he has made his home to the pres- ent time, and where he carries on a general farming, so far as the limits of his place make it possible. His manly character, industrious habits and personal integrity, combined with his genial spirit, have won and hold for him a large number of devoted friends. Mr. Ruhl was married, July 2, 1870, to Miss C. Laura Bushong, a daughter of Daniel and Sarah (Hoffman) Bushong, farming people of East Lam- peter township, the former also engaging in teach- ing, but both are now deceased. Daniel Bushong and wife were associated with the old and historic families of Lancaster county ; he died in 1856, when 1018 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY only twenty-eight years of age, while the wife and mother lived until 1895, when she passed to her rest at the age of seventy-three. To them were born only two children: C. Laura; and Mary, who married Samuel Fasnacht, of Weaverland, Lancaster county. Mrs. Ruhl was born Sept. 23, 1853, and has be- come the mother of two children : Clara, who is now the wife of Henry McCarty, of Earl township ; and Oliver, who married Caroline Graybill, who is working in Lancaster, where he has his home. Mr. and Mrs. Ruhl are members of the Evangelical Church, and are highly respected by all who know teem. SAMUEL WITMER was before his death a retired farmer of Quarry ville, Lancaster county. He was born on his father's farm, near Quarryville, in 1839, son of David and Elizabeth Witmer, an old family of the county, and of German stock. David Witmer lived on his farm in Bart township for many years, but for a short time before his death had made his home in Quarryville. They had a large family of whom three are still living: John, Lavenia and Herr. Samuel Witmer was educated in Lancaster coun- ty, while residing on his parents' farm, and part of the time clerked in a store owned by his father. In July, 1851, he married Miss Margaret M. Lyle, who was born and raised in Quarryville. She is the es- timable daughter of Thomas and Frances (Barr) Lyle, prominent in Lancaster county life. Mrs. Witmer was born in April, 1840, and grew to womanhood in the town of Quarryville, at the old Ark house in the West End of the borough. Thomas Lyle, her father, was born in Bart township, Lan- caster county, and was a member of a very old fam- ily; he married Frances Barr, daughter of Jacob Barr, of old Puritan stock, and a participator in the Revolutionary war. The family owned over 2,000 acres of ground in and around Quarryville, and be- came very wealthy land-owners in their day. Thomas Lyle and wife, soon after their marria'ge, moved to Williamsport, L3'Coming Co., Pa., to en- gage in lumbering, and he was killed soon after while employed at his business. He left a widow and two daughters: Margaret, wife of our subject; and Miss Annie, a scholarlv lady, who has been a teacher in the Millersville Normal school for over thirty years. After Mr. and Mrs. Witmer's marriage they lo- cated on the old Witmer farm, adjoining Quarry- ville borough, and lived there for two years, after which he bought a farm in Colerain township. He resided there until 1898, when he purchased real estate in Quarryville borough, erected a fine house with all modern improvements, and moved into it a short time before his death, which occurred in July, 1900. He was thrown from his buggy and received internal injuries from which he died leaving a widow and eight children, as follows : Charles, the eldest, born in Lancaster county, in January, 1862, mar- ried Emma Esbenshade, of Colerain township, and at present lives near his father's old homestead on his own farm ; he had two sons : Arthur and Edgar. William H., born in May, 1863, married Matilda Brewer, of Philadelphia, where they reside, he be- ing manager of a printing ofHce. Edwin Barr, born in Colerain township in February, 1865, married Miss Lottie Brewer, of Philadelphia, and they reside in Williamstown, N. J. ; he was educated in the Mil- lersville State Normal School and is now engaged as a book-keeper in a large New Jersey glass fac- tory ; he has one son. Brewer Witmer. Samuel H., born July 6, 1867, was educated in the public schools and married Miss Cora Diem, of Lancaster county ; they reside in Morristown, Pa., where he is engaged in business; they have one daughter. May Pearl. Laura, born in September,, 1869, was educated in the home schools, and in 1898 was married to U. S. Grant Kennedy, of Lancaster county; they set- tled on his father's farm where he died eleven months after marriage, leaving no children ; she afterward married Ira B. Buckwalter, of Christiana. George, born in 1872, died in childhood. John L., born April 4, 1873, married Miss Maud Phillips, of Lancaster county ; they reside on his farm in East Drumore township. Ira, born in 1878, died in childhood. In politics Mr. Witmer was always a stanch Re- publican. He and his wife were members of the Methodist Church, the faith of the family. Mr. Wit- mer was a kind-hearted man and of genial disposi- tion, as he always looked on the bright side of life. He was modest and unassuming in manner ; and was interested in everything that tended to advance the interests of farming, he himself putting into practice the best methods. His fine farm in Cole- rain is a monument to his in^telligence and industry. Mrs. Witmer is a lady of culture and refinement, and loved by all her friends and neighbors. This lady was a teacher in her younger days, and a pro- ficient one. LEWIS B. GREGG, of Drumore township, one of the leading farmers of the community in which he makes his home, was born in York county, Pa., Sept. 26, 1849, a son of the late Evan and Alice (Brown) Gregg, who were natives of Lan- caster county. Evan Gregg was born Jan. 6, 1823, a son of Abraham and Rebecca (Lake) Gregg, also of Lan- caster county, and died Nov. 8, 1882. On April 7, 1848, he married Alice Anna Brown, who was borii July 5, 1B28, and died Feb. 11, 1882. Mrs. Gregg was a daughter of Nathan and Rachel (Reynolds) Brown, of Scotch-Irish descent, who were members of the Society of Friends. Six children were born to Evan Gregg and his wife : Lewis B. ; Emma L., born Sept. 25, 1850, now the wife of Rankins Ham- bleton, of Drumore; Annie M., born Nov. 18, 1852 now the wife of Alexander Ewing, of Chester coun- ty ; Elizabeth R., born Oct. 6, 1858, now the wife of Walker Drennen, of Fulton township; Mercy B BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1019 wife of J. Allen Boyd ; and Isabell C, born Nov. 15, 1864, who died'youngf. On Jan. 25, 1872, Lewis B. Gregg married Mar- garet White, of Lancaster county, who was born Nov. 13, 1832, and died Feb. 20, 1885. Two children came to this marriage : Russell, born June 22, 1874, resides on the home farm ; Walter Lewis, born Feb. 17, 1876, married Ella Adams, of Fulton township, and is also engaged in farming on the homestead. Mrs. Gregg was one of a family of seven children : Margaret, Mrs. Gregg; William, born May 21, 1834, deceased ; Catherine, born in 1836, wife of George Evans, of Drumore township ; Alice, born in 1838, wife of James Johnson, of Colerain township ; John H., born in 1841, who died young; George Russell, born in 1844, residing near Coatesville, Pa. ; and Anna E., born June 6, 1850, residing on the home place with her brother-in-law, Lewis B. Gregg, for whom she has kept house since the death of his wife. Samuel White, father of Mrs. Gregg, was born in 1800, married Nov. i, 1831, and died in 1878. His wife was born in 1806, and died in 1890. Until he was four years of age Lewis B. Gregg resided in the village of Bryansville, York Co., Pa., where he was born, and where his father engaged in a mercantile business. The family then removed to Drumore township, one-half mile west of Fairfield, and there he received his education in the common schools. Having been reared upon a farm, he chose that calling for his life occupation, and now owns a fine farm of 147 acres, on which is a fine mansion house and good tenement building. All of the land is well cultivated. In politics Mr. Gregg is a stanch Republican, and he is a Quaker in religious belief. Mrs. Mar- garet (White) Gregg was a Presbyterian. A good citizen, a kind neighbor, upright in all his dealings, Mr. Gregg is universally respected throughout the community, and is one of the representative men of his township. SAINIUEL WELSH TAYLOR, in early life a painter but later a groceryman in Lancaster, was an industrious and thrifty citizen, who grew to old age in the midst of friends and unbounded esteem. His youth was spent in York, Pa., where he was born in 1S14, and where he learned the painter's trade as a means of future livelihood. His parents, Joseph and Sarah Taylor, were born in York county, where the father worked at his trade of watchmak- ing during the whole of his active life. After retir- ing from business he lived for five years with his son, Samuel, but died at the home of his daughter, in Berryville, Clarke Co., Va. He was a member of the Society of Friends. His children were: Samuel W. ; Thomas, deceased ; Mary, who is the wife of Prof. Frank T. Barrington, a music teacher at Balti- more ; Maggie, widow of Dr. Picking, of York, Pa. ; Sarah, deceased; Kate, widow of James Stewart, of Berrvville, Clarke county, Va. ; and Anna, wife of Charles Dinkle, a farmer near Berryville, Virginia. As a young man Samuel Welsh Taylor carried on an extensive painting business in Lancaster, but in 1867 embarked in a grocery business, successfully conducting same until three years before his death, Dec. 1, 1890. When his health began to fail his wife imdertook to manage the grocery, and the business, so long tjie pride of her husband, is still carried on by this admirable business woman. Mrs. Taylor was formerly Mary L. Carpenter, born in Lancaster in 1827, a daughter of John and Ellen (Martin) Carpenter. Mr. Taylor was prominent in many lines of activity in Lancaster, and his sane opinions upon public questions received the attention due their practicability and general worth. He was a stanch Republican and filled several offices of a local na- ture, including that of assessor of the Northwest ward. He was a member of the Conestoga Council No 8, the American Mechanics, and Melamora Tribe No. 2, I. O. R. M. As the founder of the Gotwald Mission on West James street, erected to^ the memory of a beloved pastor. Rev. Gotwald, of St. John's Lutheran Church, who died in 1869, he was assistant superintendent of the Sunday-school from the time of its starting until failing health compelled his resignation. He was conscientious, painstaking, humane and gracious, and during his life in Lan- caster made many friends and few enemies. JOHN D. PENNY, one of the leading and well- known citizens of Drumore township, resides on his well appointed and improved farm, which is located' one mile west of Buck. He was born June 14, 1846, a son of James C. and Mary Maria (Wentz) Penny. The Penny family is an old and honored one in this part of the State of Pennsylvania, and traces its ancestry back to the days of William Penny, who came hither from Ireland, and with his two brothers settled in what was then a wilderness in Lancaster county. Joseph Penny, the son of Hugh Penny, one of the emigrants was the grandfather of John D. Penny,, of this sketch, and became a very large landowner. He reared these children : Hugh ; James C. ; Sarah- Ann, who married John Wentz; Margaret, who married William Wentz ; Mary J., who married Thomas Wentz; and Harriet, who married Steele Morrison, and is deceased. James C. Penny, son of Joseph, was born Nov. 2, 1819, and he died May 7, 1885. His wife, Mary Maria Wentz, who was born Sept. 17, 1823, still sur- vives, residing in comfort with her only son, John D. James C. Penny was one of the leading men of his time, and a very successful farmer. He was a stanch Democrat in his political faith, while his re- ligious belief was that of the Presbyterians, and he was long connected with the Chestnut Level Church. John D. Penny was reared on the farm, and ac- quired his education in the common schools of his neighborhood and Chestnut Level Academy. His farm consists of one hundred and twenty acres of fine land, under a high state of cultivation, and is 1020 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY improved with comfortable and commodious dwell- ing, barns, granaries, etc. ; and he is known as one •of the best agriculturists of this locality. On Nov. i6, 187 1, Mr. Penny was married to Miss Martha McPherson, of Drumore township, a •daughter of James A. (who was the son of James) and Lydia S. (who was the daughter, of Dr. James Ankrim) McPherson, these parents being of Scotch-Irish ancestry. She was born May 21, 1850, and was one of a family of eight children, these be- ing : William, who married Rebecca Robinson ; Elizabeth, wife of John J. Penny; Lydia J., wife of Israel Penrose ; Mary E., deceased, who married John J. Long ; Lucinda, wife of John Wentz ; Rachel, who died single; Martha M., wife of our subject; and James F., who married Alice Morrison, all of these having passed away, except Mrs. Penny. To Mr. and Mrs. Penny have been born four •daughters : Irena L., at home ; Mary M., a graduate •of the Millersville State Normal school, in the class of 1896, a highly cultured young lady teacher in the Lancaster schools ; Lizzie Grace and Stella Calhoun. Mr. Penny and his family belong to the Chestnut J^evel Presbyterian Church of Drumore township, in which he has been an elder for sixteen years, is •one of the trustees, clerk of the sessions, and the capable and efficient Sunday-school superintendent. With his family Mr. Penny has ever been active in "work for his Church, where all are highl)^ esteemed. His political opinions are those of Jeffersonian Democracy. Both Mr. and Mrs. Penny are repre- sentatives of old settled families of southern Lan- •caster county. They are good neighbors and en- joy the esteem of all. Mr. Penny has always been devoted to the welfare of his family as well as to that ■of his church and community. SAMUEL K. MILLER, of Columbia, one of the popular conductors in the employ of the Pennsyl- vania Railway Company, was born in Manor town- ship, Lancaster county, Sept. 29, 185 1, son of Amos and Anna (Kaufman) Miller, natives of Lancaster and Manor townships, respectively. Amos Miller was born in 1828, and was early initiated in the principles and practices of millwright- ing and milling. Lie was a miller for forty years, although for a time he conducted a hotel in Lan- caster. He now resides in Marietta, but his wife passed away in August, 1809, ^^ the age of sixty- nine years, in the faith of the Methochst Episcopal Church. To Amos and Anna Miller were born six children, in the following order : Samuel K. ; Amos K., a puddler in Lancaster ; Caroline, wife of Monroe Good, a butcher in Allentown ; John, a molder in Marietta ; Mary, married to Samuel Klein, also of Marietta, and Westley, a puddler in Columbia. Samuel K. Miller was reared on a farm until sixteen years of age, and then worked in a gristmill. For one year he was employed in a rolling-mill, and then for five and a half years was a brakeman for the Pennsylvania Railway Company. He was then advanced to the position of flagman, and also served as extra 'conductor, seven years, after which he was given a permanent position as conductor, which he has most satisfactorily filled for the past fourteen years. On May 22, 1871, Mr. Miller was united in mar- riage, at Lancaster, with Emaline Dohner, who was born in White Oak, Lancaster county, Sept. 22, 1854, a daughter of Abraham and Eliza (Dean) Dohner, and to this union have been born three chil- dren, viz. : Irwin D., Albert, and Emma, all still under the parental roof. In politics Mr. Miller is a Republican, and fraternally he is a member of the R. Co. Relief. FREDERICK A. RICKER. Prominently iden- tified with the business of insurance and real estate in Mt. loy is Frederick A. Ricker, who since 1875 has been an efficient justice of the peace in that town and a leading citizen in every movement of reform and progress. ' Mr. Ricker was born Feb. 19, 1832, in Dauphin county. Pa., six miles east of Harrisburg, in the Lebanon valley, a son of Frederick and Catherine (Backenstoe) Ricker, both of whom were natives of Dauphin county, where the former was a prom- inent farmer. The death of the father occurred in 1878, at the age of eighty-three, the mother surviv- ing until she was eighty-seven, in 1885. Both were consistent members of the Lutheran Church, good and worthy people, who left the world better than they found it. Mr. and Mrs. Ricker had ten chil- dren : Levi, David and Alfred, deceased ; Eliza- beth, who is the widow of John Myers, of Mt. Joy ; Catherine, widow of Michael Bann, of Harrisburg; Frederick A.; Louisa and Sarah, deceased; Mary, widow of Rev. Israel Carpenter, of Reading, Pa. ; and George, who resides on the old farm in Dauphin county. The family is of German origin. The paternal' grandparents were John and Magdelina Ricker, of Dauphin county, the former of whom was a soldier under Gen. Washington in the Revolutionary war. The maternal grandparents were George and Eliza- beth (Hoober) Backenstoe, natives of Dauphin county, where the former conducted a tannery. Frederick A. Ricker was reared on a farm, and his educational advantages were those of the dis- trict school. Until the age of twenty-six he con- tinued at agricultural pursuits. He then came to Mt. Joy and entered the hardware business, changing his line to lumber in 1868, and after some years of prosperity he opened up an insurance and real-estate business, which he has managed ever since. A stanch Republican in politics, he has been active in the ranks of his party, and in 1875 he was appointed justice of the peace, and has been re-elected every succeeding' term. For five years Mr. Ricker was a valued mem- ber of the council, and he served as school director for six. years. Mr. Ricker was married in January, 1859, in BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1021 Philadelphia, to Mary A. Hollinger, and to this union. have been born: Howard H., a traveling salesman, who married Jennie Carlson, and resides in Minneapolis, Minn.; Seward A., a printer by trade, residing at home; William T., a shoe sales- man, at Wilkesbarre; Jacob and Charles, who died young; and Clara H., at home. Mrs. Ricker was born in Mt. Joy township in 1834, a daughter of Jacob and Barbara (Zortman) Hollinger, of Eliza- beth township, this county. The former died at the old home where they lived, in Mt. Joy township, at the age of siKty-five, his widow surviving until 1885, when she had reached the age of eighty-one, and dying at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Elizabeth Patterson ; she was buried in the beautiful Mt. Joy cemetery. Both parents were consistent members of the Lutheran Church. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Hollinger were as follows : Elizabeth, widow of Alexander Patterson, of Mt. Joy ; Jacob, a farmer near Paris, 111. : Eli, who died on the old farm, in ;i88o; and Mary A. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Ricker were Adam and Barbara Hollinger, the former of whom was a farmer of Lancaster coun- ty. Adam was a son of Jacob Hollinger, who came to this county in 1736, and took part in the Revolu- tionary war. The maternal grandparents, Alexander and Catherine Zortman, came to this county from Germany. Mr. Ricker is a leading member of the Presby- terian Church, and gives liberally to advance all benevolent enterprises. His business relations have given him high standing in the community as one of the truly representative men of Mt. Joy. ABRAHAM P. SNADER. The manufacture of fine cigars is one of the flourishing industries of Ephrata, and one of the most successful men en- gaged in that line is' Abraham P. Snader, who was born Jan. 31, 1861, the eldest son of Jonathan and Catherine (Powell) Snader, residents of West Earl township. Jonathan Snader was a son of John Snader, one of the early settlers of Lancaster county, and was born in 1826. He died in March, 1898. Through- out a long and useful life he was a prominent and highly respected aericulturist, leading an exemplary life, and he was universally lamented in his neigh- borhood at the time of his decease. In 1859 he mar- ried Catherine Powell, and they reared a family of six children : Abraham P. ; David, a resident of Akron, Pa. ; Mary, who married John Stephan, of Ephrata; Susan, who married David Fasnacht, of Hinkletown; Hettie, who married Noah Weidman, of Akron ; and John, also a resident of Akron. After finishing his course in the common schools of his localitv Abraham P. Snader began to learn the cigarmaker's' trade, and, although he began with limited means, he was by 1893 prepared to enter the manufacturing business, locating in Ephrata. At present he is the owner of a large factory, and has become one of the most important factors in the in- dustrial life of the borough, giving employment to some sixty hands and turning out as many as 3,000,- 000 cigars yearly. This has not been accomplished without hard and continuous work, but Mr. Snader is one of the most progressive and energetic of men, and deserves the success which has crowned his ef- forts. On Sept. 2, 1884, Mr. Snader was united in mar^ riage to Miss Sarah Killhefner, of Ephrata, daugh- ter of Jacob and Catherine (Garber) Killhefner, and four children have come into this household : Katie, born July 23, 1886 ; Mabel, Nov. 27, 1889 ; Eugene, Feb. ID, 189s ; and Caleb, July 24, 1897. Politically Mr. Snader is a stanch Republican and very active in the ranks of his party. His stand- ing in the community is of the best, and he is reck- oned among the solid men of business, owning his. large factory and business. He is erecting an ele- gant mansion in a choice section of the borough. As a citizen he has taken a deep interest in all matters which his judgment has caused him to consider of benefit to his section, doing his part to further every worthy enterprise. Religiously he is connected with no organization, but believes in a moral life and in acting up to the Golden Rule. Socially he is very popular, his pleasant personality and genial manners making him welcome in every circle. AMOS F. BRUCE, one of the successful and representative farmers of Providence township, was born Nov. 16, 1856, in that township, son of Amos and Mary (Rhoades) Bruce, both also of Providence township. Amos Bruce, the father of Amos F., was born- Dec. 25, 1822, and died Feb. 12, 1899, a consistent member of the Mennonite Church. He followed farming all his life. In politics he voted with the Republican party. His father was Robert Bruce, of Lancaster county. Eight children were born to Amos Bruce and his wife, five of whom grew to maturity, namely : Thomas M., of Mt. Nebo, Pa. ; Harriet S., wife of Amos Hostetter, of Strasburg township ; Amos F. ; Fannie L., wife of D. K. Sie- freid, of Manor township ; and B. M., a coach manu- facturer of Marticville. Amos F. Bruce was reared on the farm, receiv- ing his education in the public schools, and has fol- lowed agricultural life almost exclusively. He has been intelligently interested in the progress of his community, and by word and example has been a worthy and useful citizen. In politics he is a Re- publican. With his family he attends the M. E. Church, all being members and liberal contributors to the support of that religious body. On Oct. 31, 1878, Mr. Bruce married Miss Laura Groff, of Martic township, born Jan. 13, i860, daughter of F. B. and Maria (Brecknell) Groff, who came to America from England, and of whom the former is now deceased. Three children were' born to Mr. and Mrs. Bruce, namely : Olivia L., who is the wife of Alfred' Thomas, of Pequea township; 1022 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Martha C, who after being educated at the Millers- ville Normal School, became an educator in Provi- dence township ; and Earl V., who was a student in the Drexel Institute of Art, in Philadelphia, and a young man of great promise, and who died Aug. 29, 1902. The Bruce family is a very old one in America and has had many distinguished members. Its rep- resentatives in Providence township, Lancaster county, worthily represent it in integrity of life and usefulness to their day and generation. HUGH DONLEY, who has reached the age of seventy-three years, is one of the substantial and re- spected residents of Columbia. His life has been one of hard work, but his tireless industry and unques- tionable integrity have at once won for him a com- petence and commanded the esteem of all who know him. Mr. Donley was born at Agees Furnace, now Robesonia, Berks county, Oct. 31, 1829, and was the eldest of eleven children born to James and Cath- erine (Wike) Donley. The others were Ann, Eliza- beth, George, Fanny, Benjamin, Abraham, Daniel R., Louisa, Thomas J. and James. Ann married John Fox, who lost his life during the Civil war, and afterward became the wife of George Martin; she lives in Lebanon. Elizabeth is the widow of George Wolf, of Steelton, and lives with her son at Allentown. George died in 1892. Fanny, whose home is in Lebanon, has been twice married, her first husband being James Garrett, and her second James Peters. Benjamin, who is a Union veteran, resides at the Soldiers' Home at Hampton Roads, Va. Abra- ham died in childhood. Daniel R. is a puddler in an iron mill at Lebanon; he served in the war of the Rebellion, in the 93d P. V. I., and was present at Lee's surrender at Appomattox. Louisa is Mrs. William Brooks, of Sheridan, Pa., and Thomas J. lives at Sparrows Point, Md. James died in child- hood. James Donley, the father of Hugh, was born Jan. 12, 1804, at Lebanon, and married Catherine Wike, of Berks county. He died April 7, 1885, at the age of eighty-one years, and his wife passed away in February, 1868, after a useful and honored life of threescore. Mr. Donley was a teamster until 1845, and afterward a miner until within five years of his death, when he gave up work to spend his declining years in quiet retirement. He was a Methodist by religious profession, while his wife was a member of the Lutheran communion. His father, Hugh Donley, was a teamster, and married Rachel Ram- sey. The parents of Mrs. James Donley were Fred- erick and Elizabeth (Rager) Wike; grandfather Wike served in the war of 1812 at Baltimore. Hugh Donley has been twice married. His first wife, whom he wedded in October, 1853, was Erne- line Auchenbach, of Lebanon. Her father, Joseph Auchenbach, who was born in 1808, died in July, 1901, in his ninety-third year ; her mother's maiden name was Nancy Bleecker. The first wife of Mr. Donley bore him six children : James, Joseph, Si- mon, Wesley C. B., Anna E. and George. James is a gardener; he married Mary Karney, and resides in Chester county. Joseph married Caroline Gilder- sleeve; he was in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railway Company, and lost his life in an accident at Swa'rr's Siding, his head being severed from his body. Simon is a car inspector at Columbia ; he mar- ried Anna Stinson. Wesley married Barbara Shaffer ; he is a stove m.older at Columbia. George is a car inspector at Pottsville; his wife is Bessie Long. The mother of these died in March, 1863, aged twenty-nine; and in May, 1864, Mr. Donley was united to Mrs. Angeline (Gerhardt) Folmer, widow of John Folmer, a coachmaker, who died in 1861, in his twenty-sixth year. He was the only son of John Folmer, Sr., who was also a coachmaker. Mrs. Donley was the third in the family of five chil- dren born to Henry H. Gerhardt, whose home was in Lebanon county, and who was a saddler by trade. He died in Lebanon in 1847, before he had reached his thirty-sixth 3'ear. Mr. Gerhardt married Sabina Carl, who during the latter years of her life made her home with Mr. Donley, dying in Columbia in 1882, in her sixty-sixth year. Both were members of the Reformed Church. Mrs. Donley's eldest brother, Cornelius C, is a Union veteran, and lives in Lebanon. Another brother, John, also served in the Federal army, and is deceased. Milton, the third brother, also wore the Union uniform through the Civil war ; he has his home in Lebanon. Sarah, the youngest of the family, married Isaac Docker ; both she and her husband have died. Mrs. Donley's first marriage was blessed with three children. The eldest, Philip FT. Folmer, was reared by his stepfather ; he married Bridget Welsh, and is yardmaster in the employ of the Pennsyl- vania Railway Co. at Colum.bia. Frank R., the sec- ond son, is a butcher, conducting a profitable busi- ness at Columbia; he married Alice Roop. John, the youngest, died in childhood. By his second marriage Mr. Donley has two chil- dren: The eldest, Mary E., married Gordon W. Blakesly, a grocer of Lansing Mich. ; the younger, Alex C, died in childhood. In the spring of 1833 Mr. Donley's father moved to what is now known as the old Colebrook Charcoal Furnace, and there Hugh commenced to attend school. In the spring of 1837 they moved to Corn- wall, where he passed the rest of his boyhood. When thirteen he was hired out to David Srnith, a farmer, for nine months, and went to school three months during the winter. In the spring of 1844 he hired to Joseph Witmer for nine months, and again went to school three months in the winter. In the spring of 1845 he hired to George Bowman for nine months, and during that year also had three months' winter schooling. The following spring he went to work on the famous Cornwall ore banks, continuing at that until 1849, when he helped to build Anthracite BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1023 Furnace No. i. In the spring of 1850 he went to South Annville township, Lebanon county, where he served a two-years apprenticeship to the black- smith's trade with Mathew Slyrd. In 1852 he en- tered the employ of John Enck, with whom he worked two years, in the spring of 1854 moving to Cornwall, where he resided until the spring of 1869. He followed his trade for five years altogether, when he began work in an anthracite furnace. Beginning as cinder snapper, he worked as such for nine months, and gradually rose, through the gradations of filler and helper, at each of which positions he worked one year, to be the keeper of a furnace, being engaged thus twelve years. In 1869, coming to Columbia, he was made a night boss. He worked in the Shawnee (for three years and seven months) and in the St. Charles furnaces, filling the position of boss founder at the last named establishment. After twenty years of this laborious work the furnaces shut down, but he was not a man to remain idle. Industry, sobriety and sotmd judgment had enabled him to accumulate a moderate competence. He embarked in business as a grocer, but after five years disposed of his store and retired to enjoy a well-earned rest. However, he is at present serving as janitor of the Poplar street school in Columbia. Notwithstanding the hard work which has been his daily habit since boyhood, he has found time to cultivate his mind, and is in close touch with public opinion on the leading issues of the day. He has been a stanch Republican since the formation of the party, and in religious belief is a Methodist. He is a member of the Artisans Mu- tual Protective Association and of the I. O. O. F. WEAVER MUSSELMAN, a well-known farmer of Earl township, belongs to a family that has lived in Lancaster county for several genera- tions. Henry Musselman was in his life time one of the representative men of Lancaster county. His home was in Earl township, where he was born in 1835, a son of Samuel Musselman, and died in 1889. He was reared and educated in his native township, finishing his education in Whitehall Academy. One term he was engaged in teaching, when he married and settled on a farm of 102 acres, two miles south of New Holland, where he lived until his death. His entire attention was given to farming, and in it he was greatly prosperous. The buildings on this place were put on by his father. His widow is still living in Lancaster at an advanced age. They had a family of four children : Mary, the wife of B. F. Buckwalter, a resident of Earl township ; Weaver ; Harry, who is unmarried and has his home in Earl township; and Ira, a resident of Lancaster, who is also unmarried. The parents were members of the Mennonite Church. Weaver Musselman was born Oct. 24, 1861, and was reared on the farm of his birth, where he still lives. His education was acquired in the public schools, and when he was twenty-four, he began for himself, taking charge of the homestead, which now contains ninety-three acres. His standing in the community is good, and his industry and honesty have won him many friends. In December, 1884, Weaver Musselman was married to Miss Anna Martha, a daughter of John G. Kurtz, a resident of East Earl township. To them have come five children: Anna, Alta, Mary, Roy and Etta. Both Weaver Musselman and his wife are worthy and consistent members of the Men- nonite Church. ALFRED WOOD, a farmer of Fulton town- ship, Lancaster county, was born Dec. 3, 1845, son of James and Mercy M. (Carter) Wood, of Little Britain township. James Wood, his father, was born July 17, 1821, and died Aug. 9, 1894; the mother, who survives him, and still resides in Little Britain township, was born Nov. 29, 1822. James Wood was a son of Jesse Wood, a native of Chester county. Pa., who was born in 1773, and died in 1852. Jesse Wood was first married to Rachel Carter, by whom he had but one son. Day Wood, that lived to manhood. His second marriage was to Sidney Yarnall, and they had one son, James Wood, the father of Alfred. The earlier members of the family were Whigs in politics. They belonged to the Society of Friends. James Wood was a farmer and prominent citi- zen, was president of the Farmers National Bank of Oxford for about a quarter of a century, served one term as commissioner of Lancaster county, and also held other im>portant trusts with credit. He married Mercy M., daughter of Jeremiah and Susan (Moore) Carter, of Lancaster county, on Feb. 26, 1845. This marriage was blessed with the follow- ing named children: Alfred is mentioned below; Susan, born Oct. 5, 1847, is the wife of Elwood H. Townsend, of Little Britain township; Jesse, born Feb. 26, 1849, is a resident of Little Britain town- ship; Mary, born Sept. 12, 1850, died Dec. 22, 1878 (she was the wife of Davis E. Allen, of Chester county) ; Lucretia, born March 2, 1852, is the wife of John M. Smedley, of Chester county; Lewis, of Little Britain township, was born Jan. 27, 1854; Ida, born Dec. 24, 1855, died Oct. 19, 1890; James, of Little Britain township, was born Sept. 17, i860. Alfred Wood married Elmira King on Jan. 31, 1878. She is the daughter of Thomas P. and Phebe M. King, of Fulton township. The marriage of Alfred and Elmira Wood has been blessed with the following children: Cora, born Feb. 27, 1879, is a graduate of the Millersville State Normal School, class of T901, and a teacher in the Fulton township public schools ; Walter, born Oct. 25, 1880, is at home, engaged in farming; Galen and Helen were born Dec. 27, 1887; and Norman, born Jan. 24, 1 89 1, is the youngest of the family. Elmira Wood, wife of Alfred, was one of a fam- ily of four children, and was born Aug. 26, 1849. Lauretta A. King, born Nov. 20, 1852, died Jan. 7, 1024 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1892, was the wife of Samuel J. Kirk. Luella King, born Jan. 22, 1857, is the wife of Lewis Wood, of Little Britain township, a brother of Alfred Wood. The only brother of Elraira Wood, William P. King, was born Sept. i, 1861, and resides in Fulton township. Her father, Thomas P. King, was born July 19, 1824, and died June 10, 1889 ; her mother, Phebe M. King, was born Feb. 4, 1827, and died Feb. 5, 1889. The family were members of the So- ciety of Friends. Alfred Wood is a prominent man in his district and owns one of the finest farms in the township, comprising 120 acres. For several years past, in conjunction with his other duties, he has practiced surveying and also land conveyancing, having a very thorough knowledge of the same. He is also a di- rector of the public schools of his township, actively interested in the advancement of education. He is a Republican in politics. He is an honest, square- dealing man, well thought of in the community, and a leading member of the Society of Friends. Taking a great interest in his family, he is very fond of home ties and society, at the same time being a leader in all public movements tending to the prosperity and advancement of his section. JACOB M. SAUDER, who now conducts a fine farm of sixty acres in East Donegal township, has been a lifelong farmer of Lancaster county. Farming was also the vocation of his father and grandfather, both natives of Lancaster county. The latter, Jacob Sauder lived and died in Manor town- ship. Jacob T. Sauder, father of Jacob M., was born on his father's farm in Manor township, and culti- vated that place successfully to the close of his life. He married Anna Miller, a native of East Hemp- field township, born in January, 1826, who survives him, now making her home in Rohrerstown. Mr. Sauder passed away in June, 1885, at the age of fifty- seven years, and was buried in the Mennonite ceme- tery at Millersville. He was a member of the Men- nonite Church. To Jacob T. and Anna (Miller) Sauder, were born children as follows: John, who died in infancy; Jacob i\L, our subject proper; Amanda, who died at the age of sixteen years; Isaac, who died at the age of eight years ; Amos, who is married and engaged in farming in East Hempfield township; Michael; and Benjamin, who is employed in a tobacco house in Rohrerstown. Jacob M. Sauder was born Nov. 25, 1852, near Safe Harbor, in Manor township, on the farm which was also his father's birthplace. He obtained his education in the common schools, and was trained to agricultural pursuits from early boyhood. Until his marriage our subject remained with his parents, and he spent the ten years following on two other 'farms in Manor township, renting five years on each. He then spent three years on a rented farm in East Hempfield township, whence he removed to his pres- ent home in East Donegal, which he owns, and where he engages in general farming. The careful training he received under his father's tuition has,, backed by intelligent management, brought him suc- cess in the conduct of his affairs, and he is in com- fortable circumstances as a result of continued and well directed industry. Mr. Sauder has not been particularly active in public matters, although he takes a public-spirited pride in the progress of his community. His political support is given to the Republican party. In January, 1875, in Lancaster, was celebrated the union of Jacob M. Sauder and Miss Fannie Wit- mer, who was born in 1855 in Rapho township. Five children have blessed this marriage, namely: Clayton W., who is engaged in farming in Rapho township, was married in November, 1900, to Miss Lillic Myers; Aaron died young; Harry, May and Minnie are at home. Mrs. Sauder is a daughter of Peter F. and Eliza- beth (Eshleman) Witmer, both natives and resi- dents of Manor township, who moved to East Done- gal in 1834. The father was a farmer, but lived re- tired the last twenty- four years of his long life ; he died in December, 1896, when within eight days of being eighty-eight years old. His remains were in- terred in Graybill's Mennonite cemetery. Mrs. Witmer is now living with her daughter, Mrs. Eliza- beth Nissley, in Landisville, Pa. She was borr* April 9, 181 1, and is a member of the Mennonite church. Born to this union were Catherine (de- ceased) ; Jacob E., a farmer of East Donegal town- ship ; Peter, a farmer in Rapho township ; Elizabeth,, who is living in Landisville, the widow of Joseph .Nissley : Jonas, a hotel proprietor in Marietta, Pa. ; Anna, married to Jesse Myers, of Carroll county,. Md. ; Henry, a farmer in East Donegal township ; and Fannie, who married Jacob M. Sauder. SAMUEL DORSEY (deceased) was during his life time a prominent and well-known farmer of Fulton township, this county. He was born in Cecit county, Md., Sept. 28, 1828, and died in Fulton township, Lancaster Co., Pa., March 23, 1896. He was a son of Nathaniel and Phoebe (Enning) Dor- sey, natives of Maryland,- who were the parents of four children: William A. is a retired farmer of Cecil count)^ Md. ; Oliver is deceased; Samuel is deceased ; John is a retired farmer of Drumore town- ship, Lancaster county. The Dorsey family have nearly all been Democrats in politics, and Presby- terian in religious belief. Samuel Dorsey married Miss Martha Reynolds, a daughter of Elisha and Sophia (Weeks) Rey- nolds, of Fulton township. The Reynolds family is a pioneer family of Lancaster county, and its mem- bers have always enjoyed high repute for sterling worth. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Dor- sey was blessed with a family of seven children: Sophia, born March 26, 1852, died in childhood; Melissa is also deceased ; Mary L., born Aug. 4^ 1857, died March 23, 1882; Annie, born Oct. 23I SAMUEL DORSET BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1025 i860, married Anson Ambler, and died July 13, 1899, leaving three children— Clyde D., Norman E. and Martha M. ; Elmer E., born Nov. 24, 1866, died in childhood; Oliver J., born May 21, 1868, died in childhood; and Harriet Eliza, born Oct. 30, 1872, died young. „ Mrs. Martha Dorsey, widow of Samuel Dorsey, was born in Lancaster county April 1 1, 1830. When she and her husband were married they were poor, but by toil and industry they owned, at the time of Mr. Dorsey's death, two fine farms and a nice mill property in Fulton township. Mr. Dorsey became a substantial citizen, and was well liked by his neigh- bors. For a time he followed the carpenter's trade, and many of the. houses in the vicinity were put up by him. Mrs. Dorsey is the only surviving member of her family, her husband and children having gone before. She is comfortably situated in McSparran village, where she enjoys the universal esteem of her neighbors. ABRAHAM B. KAUFFMAN, a prosperous general farmer and highly respected citizen of Cor- delia, West Hempfield township, is a native of that place, and was born Maj^ 3, 1840, a son of David and Susan (Bishop) Kauffman, of Lancaster county. David Kauffman was a teamster, owning his own team, and was chiefly employed in handling ore from the banks or pits to the smelting furnace at Colum- bia. To his marriage with Susan Bishop were born four children, viz. : Abraham B. ; Harry B., who died in 1885 ; jNIartha B., wife of John B. Eshleman, of West Hempfield township ; and Catherine B., who married Gideon H. Smith, a blacksmith at Silver Spring. David Kauffman was called away in 1847, aged forty-three years. His widow married Michael Kauffman, a brother of David, and to this union were born four children, viz. : David, a stonemason in Cordelia; Jacob, deceased; John, a puddler in the Columbia Rolling mill, but lives at Cordelia; and Sarah, wife of Horace Brookhart, a retired mer- chant at Columbia. Mrs. Susan Kauffman died in 1873, at the age of fifty-four. She was a member of the United Brethren Church. Abraham B. Kauffman has himself been twice married — first in 1862, in Cordelia, to Catherine Irwin, a daughter of James and Catherine Irwin, of Lancaster county, and to this marriage was born one child, EflEie, who is the wife of Jacob Kindig, a drover at Silver Spring. Mrs. Catherine Kauffman died in 1864, at the age of twenty-four years, and was buried in Columbia. On May 30, 1866, Abraham B. Kauff- man chose for his second wife Anna Eisenberger, and to this union have been born thirteen children, viz. : Samuel E., married to Anna Musser and liv- ing in Columbia; Elizabeth E., wife of David Her- shey, a carpenter, also in Columbia ; Harry E., who married Susan Daum, and is a puddler at Colum- bia, but lives at Cordelia; Edward E., a puddler at Columbia, and married to Mary Berntheitzel ; Amos 65 E., a railroad man, at Columbia, and married ta Elizabeth Lichty; David E., also of Cordelia, and. married to Emma Harry ; Franklin E., Abraham E.,. John E., Horace G., Flora E., Anna E. and Chris- tian M., all seven at home. Mrs. Anna M. (Eisenberger) Kauffman was born in Kinderhook, West Hempfield township, Dec. 6, 1842, a daughter of Samuel and Anna (Mumma) Eisenberger, the former of whom was a quarryman and died in 1885, at the age of seventy-three years, in the faith of the Reformed Church ; the latter had died in 1872, when fifty-nine years old. To their marriage were born eleven children, namely : Abra- ham, of Reading; Peter, who died young; Margaret M., married to David H. Kline, at Klinesville ; Cath- erine, also deceased; Anna; Elizabeth, married to Henry Kline, of Columbia; Mary, of York county, wife of John Kline ; Henry, a bricklayer in Kinder- hook; Christian, who died yoimg; Barbara, wife of John Evans, of Cordelia; and Samuel, who died young. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Anna M. Kauffman were Abraham and Margaret (Slough) Eisenberger, natives and farming people of Lan- caster county ; and her maternal grandparents were Peter and Anna (Gramm) Mumma, also of Lan- caster county, and followers of agricultural pur- suits. Abraham B. Kauffman began life by handling ore, but also began renting farms in 1868, doing hauling and farming together. He is a Republican, has served as judge of elections, and is now in- spector of elections. CHRISTIAN C. LIPP, who has resided on his present place, in Pequea township, since 1885, was born of German descent, in Conestoga Center, Lan- caster county, Jan. 23, 1852. Christopher Lipp, his grandfather, emigrated from Germany when a young man, and engaged in farming and general work. He wedded Miss Mar- tha Kreider, of Lancaster county, and they became the parents of nine children : Susan, wife of Ben- jamin Miller, of Providence township ; Jacob, of West Lampeter township ; Christian, the father of our subject; Mary, deceased; Barbara, deceased; Martha, wife of John May, of Columbia; Benjamin, deceased, who was a resident of Pequea township ; Elizabeth, wife of John Krieder, of Martic town- ship ; and John, of Lancaster. Christian Lipp,. son of Christopher, was born in Pequea township about 1830. His father dying when he was but twelve years of age, he went to live with Jonas Harnish for a short time, and from there went to live with Thomas Groff, of Providence town- ship. Later he learned the blacksmith trade with William Amet, of Lancaster county, after which, for some years, he worked at his trade for different men. For some years he engaged in well digging, and it is- said he dug 100 wells in Lancaster county. He mar- ried Miss Mary Charles, of Conestoga Center, and 1026 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY they have had six children: Christian C. (our sub- ject) and Daniel C, twins, the latter a resident of Lampeter township ; Benjamin, who died in child- hood ; Elizabeth, wife of Benjamin Dagen; Benja- min (2) , who lives at home with his father ; and Miss Martha, at home. The parents are both members of the United Evangelical Church, and Mr. Lipp was for some time trustee of that church. Christian C. Lipp remained at home with his parents until he was twenty-four years of age, re- ceiving a common school education. He then mar- ried Kate Christ, daughter of Amos Christ, of Manor township, and began life for himself, being employed at general work, and in raising tobacco. In 1885 he purchased the farm where he now resides, and he has since engaged continuously in farming. He has a stand in the Central Market in Lancaster City, where he disposes of the products of his farm every Saturday morning. Mr. Lipp is one of the ener- getic, progressive residents of his township, and is highly esteemed by all who know him. Mr. and Mrs. Lipp are both members of the United Evangelical Church at Millersville. They are the parents of seven children, four living and three deceased: Mary Cora, deceased; Susie Alice, at home ; Esther Naomi, deceased ; Christiana Au- gusta, Charles Parson and Edna Irene, at home ; and Raymond Arthur, deceased. REV. ABRAHAM M. WITMER. This de- voted servant of God is a member of the ministry of the Mennonite Church, whose creed was the faith of his ancestors, as it is of his children. His family is of Swiss origin, but the name of the earliest an- cestor who emigrated from Switzerland to America is not khown. He settled in Manor township, how- ever, and it was there that his son Jacob, Mr. Wit- mer's great-grandfather, was born in 1760. Jacob Witmer was a farmer, and, like most farm- ers of his day, toiled early and late to cultivate the soil and subdue the rebellious forces of nature. He married Fannie Kauffman, and was the father of three sons and four daughters : John, Abraham, Jacob, Anna, Fannie; EUzabeth and Magdalena. Of the daughters Fannie and Magdalena remained spin- sters ; Anna married Abraham Herr ; and Elizabeth married FTenry Stoner ; John married Lizzie Martin, of Lancaster cotmty, and later removed to Frank- fin county, where he met death through falling from the limb of a tree; Jacob was a Lancaster county farmer, and the husband of Elizabeth Ensman. Abraham Witmer, the secon3 son of Jacob, was Rev. Mr. Witmer's grandfather, and was also en- gaged in farming. His death occurred after his fortieth birthday. He married Maria Kilhiffer, who bore him three sons and one daughter : Jacob, Abraham, Christian and Elizabeth. Jacob lived in the old homestead; he married Mary Miller, but their union was without issue. Abraham was the father- of Rev. Mr. Witmer, and a more extended story of his life is given in the following paragraph. Christian died in July, 1902, at the age of eighty; he had been twice married, his first wife, Susan Funk, leaving him with two sons, Abram F. and Martin F. ; his second marriage was with Elizabeth Kendig, the issue being three daughters : Mary (Mrs. John G. Kreider), Lizzie (widow of Aaron Newcomer) and Fannie (who lives at home, un- married) . Elizabeth, the only daughter of Abraham (first) became the wife of Christian Charles, of Manor. Abraham Witmer (2), son of Abraham, was, himself, a minister in the old Mennonite Church, having been ordained in 1849, and he faithfully served his people in a clerical capacity for nearly a third of a century. His labors were chiefly in the churches at Masonville and Habacker. By trade he was a cabinet maker, but after his marriage he began farming, and in 1849 bought a farm of 102 acres in Manor township. This is now owned by Rev. Mr. Witmer, who has added eight acres there- to. In 1875 he gave up active work, and on Oct. 15, 1882, he passed from earth, to enjoy a better es- tate than the world can give. He married Leah, a daughter of Abraham and Mary (Kaufman) Mil- ler. Their five children were: Maria, Abraham M., Isaac, Mattie and Jacob. Isaac and Jacob died in childhood. Abraham M. Witmer was born on his father's farm (now owned by S. M. Kaufman), near Cen- tral Manor, Nov. 5, 1842. He received a good com- mon school education. On his thirty-second birth- day he married, and at once took charge of the home farm. For many years he was a director in the Mennonite Fire Insurance Co., but since ordination to the ministry on Sept. 8, 1892, he has devoted all his time and energy to the service of the Church. His work has been chiefly in the same fields of labor as those cultivated by his father, although while the latter addressed, his flocks in German, the son preaches in English. His earnest piety and blame- less life have greatly endeared him to the people among whom his lot has been cast, while his broad, Christian spirit, kindly disposition and spotless in- tegrity have won for him the unafifected respect of the community at large. The devotion of such la- bors in the Lord's vineyard cannot go unrewarded. The maiden name of his wife was Mary Esh- bach, whose father, John, was well known and high- ly esteemed. She was born Jan. 5, 1853, and died Nov. 15, 1886. Six children were born of their mar- riage, one died in infancy and the surviving five live at home, unmarried, with their bereaved father. Their names, with dates of their births, are as fol- lows : Fannie E., Jan. 17, 1876; John, March 13, 1877 (died Oct. 14, 1878) ; Abraham E., April 17, 1879; Benjamin E., March 10, 1881 ; Annie E., Dec. 13, 1882; and Leah E., Oct. 4, 1884. HENRY S. ESHELMAN, a retired farmer and a native of West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, was born on a farm adjoining the village BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1027 of Cordelia Sept. 14, 1826, a son of David and Maria (Summy) Eshelman, who were farming people — the father dying in 1833, at the age of forty-eight years, on the homestead in West Hempfield town- ship, and the mother in Clark county, Ohio, in 1880, when seventy-one years of age. David and Maria Eshelman had born to them a family of eleven children, namely: Anna, Jacob and Benjamin, deceased; David, a retired farmer in Illinois ; John, died in Ohio ; Elizabeth, in Carlisle, Ohio, and widow of Joseph Musser ; Peter, a retired merchant in Carlisle, Ohio; Martin, a carpenter in Illinois; Henry S., whose name opens this sketch; Maria, deceased wife of Isaac Neiswanger, of Ohio ; and Barbara, who is married and is living in Spring- field, Ohio. Henry S. Eshelman lived on the home farm until twenty years of age; and then began an apprentice- ship at shoemaking in Manor township, with David Bixler, with whom he worked four years, then re- turned to his home, worked at the trade until 1857, and then began farming on a small scale, purchasing fourteen acres of his present farm in 1858. On Aug. 5, 1852, Henry S. Eshelman married, in Lancaster, Miss Hettie Weller, and there have been born to this union ten children, as follows : ' Mary, wife of Abraham Meisky, of Columbia; Sarah, un- married and at home ; Albert, deceased ; Emma, widow of Benjamin Herr, of Columbia; Alice, who died a young lady; Anna, wife of Amos Schuman, farmer of Manor township ; Ulysses G., professor of music at home ; Aaron, also a professor of music at Lancaster; Elizabeth, wife of James Youtz, a ma- chinist at Mountville; and Martha, twin of Eliza- beth, married to Philip Bard, a stonemason in West Hempfield township. Mrs. Hettie (Weller) Eshelman was born in West Hempfield township April 2, 1833, a daughter of Frederick and Anna (Kuhns) Weller, early set- tlers of the township. Frederick Weller was a shoe- maker and died in the township in 1875, when sev- enty-five years old, and his widow died in Lancaster in 1882, at the same age. Both were members of the Lutheran church, and to their marriage were born the following children: Mattie, who died in Ohio, the wife of Jacob Binkley ; Elizabeth, deceased wife of Frank Piffer; Hettie, now Mrs. Eshelman; Fred, who was killed in an ore bank in West Hemp- field township ; Anna, widow of William Irwin, of Columbia; Fannie, deceased wife of Henry May; Isaac, an ex-soldier in Dayton, Ohio; and Harriet and Sarah, twins, living in Lancaster. Henry S. Eshelman is a Republican in politics, is very popular with his party, and has served as assessor one year, supervisor one year, and as reg- ister-assessor fifteen years. He is a member of the G. A. R., having been in the military service of the United States, although never in battle. Mr. Esh- elman enlisted at Lancaster, in February, 1865, in Co. F, 195th P. V. I., under Capt. John Rutler, for twelve months or during the war, but as the war closed in April, before the regiment reached the part of the front where active hostilities had been going on, Mr. Eshelman was honorably discharged at Washington, D. C, and was mustered out at Phila- delphia. HENRY S. HOTTENSTEIN, a well-known and representative business man of Mt. Joy town- ship, carries on his furniture, cabinetmaking and un- dertaking business in a well equipped building lo- cated on the Manheim road, some two miles from the village of Elizabethtown. . There he was born July 17, 1857, son of Benjamin and Susan (Shiffler) Hottenstein, the former of whom was a native of East Petersburg, Lancaster county, and the latter of Dauphin county, Pennsylvania. Benjamin Hottenstein, the father of Henry S., was a son of Jacob and Catherine (Neece) Hotten- stein, of East Petersburg. Jacob Hottenstein was a well-known manufacturer of brushes, spinning- wheels, etc., for many years, his work being con- sidered excellent in every particular. He retired from business after a long career of usefulness, and died in Elizabethtown at a good old age. Benjamin inherited much of his father's skill and also became a manufacturer in wood. He moved to the location previously mentioned in 1855, and prior to his death, in 1893, at the age of sixty-nine years, the firm be- came Hottenstein & Son, Henry S. being the junior partner. The mother of Henry S. Hottenstein was a daughter of Henry and Catherine ShifHer, natives of Dauphin coimty, who later lived in Lancaster county ; the life of Henry Shiffler ended in Naper- ville. 111., where he was engaged in farming. Mrs. Hottenstein died in November, 1896, at the age of seventy-one years, and was interred in Mt. Tunnel cemetery. Henry S. was the only child of his par- ents. Henry S. Hottenstein was educated in the com- mon schools of Lancaster county and learned his business with his father, becoming the latter's part- ner at the age of twenty-four years. Since that time he has conducted a very successful and pros- perous furniture and cabinetmaking business. He is one of the best educated undertakers in the town- ship, having been instructed in embalming in Har- risburg. Mr. Hottenstein is a member of the Ger- man Baptist C^hurch. In politics he is a stanch Re- publican. On Nov. IT, 1880, Mr. Hottenstein was united in marriage with Miss Mary A. Gruver, and two children were born to this union: Amos G. and Sarah A., the latter dying when one day past her third birthday. Mrs. Hottenstein was born Aug. 28, 1863, in Mt. Joy township, died April 7, 1900, and was buried in Mt. Tunnel cemetery. She was a daughter of Christian and Rebecca (Staufler) Gruver, of Lancaster county, the former of whom for a long period was engaged in the grocery busi- ness in Elizabethtown, and had retired but a few months prior to his death, which occurred in March 1028 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1894. Mr. and Mrs. Gruver had a family of four children, namely: Jacob, who died at the age of twenty years ; Peter, who is a farmer in Conoy town- ship ; Mary A., the late Mrs. Hottenstein ; and Sarah, the wife of Oliver T. Leinbaugh, who is in the sewing machine business in Harrisburg. As a business man of reliability Mr. Hottenstein is highly regarded in his community, and he merits the esteem he enjoys as a first-class citizen. JOHN SCHOCK, a native of Manor town- ship, was born Oct. 15, 1854, and is a descendant of one of the earliest settlers of the county. The fam- ily is of German origin, and a brief record of the American branch is as follows : Jacob Schock, the founder of the Lancaster family bearing his surname, was from Hessen, Ger- many, and emigrated to this country about 1750, making his first purchase of land from the United States Government in 1759. This tract, situated in Manor township, Lancaster Co., Pa., comprised 185 acres in the woods, from which, through untiring industry, he wrought out a comfortable home, as it is a well known fact that he was a poor man on his arrival in the country. Jacob Schock married Esther Grove, who bore him the following named children: Barbara, born Feb. 13, 1746; Anna, Aug. 18, 1747; Elizabeth, Jan. 3, 1749; Fannie, Sept. 20, 1750; Mary, Jan. 25", 1752; Jacob, Aug. 16, 1753; John, Jan. 16, 1756; Magdalena, Oct. 6, 1758; John, March 25, 1761 ; and Abraham, July 25, 1764. The parents died in the faith of the Dunkard Church, leaving a name of which their descendants are justly proud. John Schock, son of Jacob, married a Miss Stoner, and reared a family of seven children, viz. : Fannie, born July i, 1802, married Abraham Hos- tetter, and died Ai\g. 4, 1882; they left no descend- ants. Kathrine married Conrad Zigler, of Done- gal. Magdalena married Christian Engel, also of Donegal. Anna married a Mr. Zook, from Frank- lin county. Barbara married a Mr. Myers, of Franklin county. Jacob married a Miss Strickler, from York county. John is next in the line of descent. John Schock, son of John, was born Nov. 29, 1795, on the old homestead farm in Manor town- ship, which his father willed to him. He married a Miss Seigrist, who died verv young, and his sec- ond wife was Fannie Kurtz, who was born Sept. 13, 1793, and died in 1857. His death occurred in 1867. They had two "children, Jacob and Magda- lena, the former of whom will be spoken of in full a little farther on. The latter, born July 11, 1826, died unmarried Nov. 3, 1899, at the age of seventy- three, highly respected. Jacob Schock, son of John, was born Oct. 17, 1824, and was reared to farming on the old home- stead. He married Rebecca Strickler, who was born in \''ork county, Pa., in 1823, and they reared a family of five children, and lost five who died in infancy. The others were as follows : Mary, de- ceased wife of Tobias Seagrist, of Manor township ; Fannie, married to Martin Hostetter, of West Hemp- field township; Rebecca, unmarried; John, whose name opens this sketch ; and Isaiah, who died at the age of seventeen years. Jacob Schock died in the faith of the Dunkard Church Nov. 22, 1875, and his widow survived until March 22, 1S99. John Schock was reared on the old homestead one mile north of Creswell, and was educated, like most farmer lads, in the district school. On March 27, 1877, he married Mary Musser, who was born in West Hempfield township Dec. 17, 1854, daugh- ter of Martin and Catherine (Hostetter) Musser. To this felicitous union have been born twelve chil- dren, whose names and dates of birth are as follows : Martha, June !,• 1878; Katie, Oct. 2, 1879; Isaiah, Nov. 6, 1 881; Rebecca, Aug. i; 1883; Martin, July 25, 18S5 (died in infancy) ; Jacob, Feb. 27, 1887; Mary May, May 26, 1889; Amelia, Feb. 17, 1891 (died in infancy) ; Naomi, Sept. 12, 1892; John;. June 16, 1894; Elizabeth, Nov. 26, 1896; and Fan- nie, Aug. 23, T899. The family, so far as the par- ents and elder children are concerned, are strict members of the Dunkard Society, to the teachings of which they have faithfully adhered, and they have gained the esteem of all who know them. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN HERSH, a general blacksmith in East Donegal township, was born irt East Hempfield township Nov. 24, 1858, and is a son of Cyrus and Catharine (Hertzler) Hersh, whc> were natives of Drumore and Manor townships, re- spectively. Both died in West Donegal township, where the father was engaged in blacksmithing.. He was born Jan. 19, 1832, and died April 3, 1894 ; the mother, who was born June 26, 1831, died Nov. I, 1894. They were buried in Graybills Church cemetery, and both had been for years honored and respected members, of the Mennoiiite Church. They had three children : Flam, a machinist at Rheems Station, Pa. ; Benjamin F. ; and Harry, a painter at Rheems Station. Cyrus and Elizabeth (Cohic) Hersh, the pater- nal grandparents of Benjamin F., lived in Pequea township. His maternal grandparents, Jacob and Catharine (Herr) Hertzler, lived in Manor town- ship. All are now deceased, and they are buried in the Millersville and New Danville cemeteries, re- spectively. Benjamin Franklin Hersh was married, in Co- lumbia, Pa., Sept. 27, 1887, to Miss Amanda N. Risser, and to this union have been born three chil- dren: Willis R., Katie M., and Esther R., bright young people who give promise of a useful future. Mrs. Amanda N. (Risser) Hersh was born in the township of Mt. Joy, Lancaster county, Nov. 29, 1859, daughter of Joseph and Fanny (Nissley) Risser. Her father was born in Dauphin county, and her mother in Mt. Joy township, Lancaster county. Joseph Risser died in Mt. Joy township BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1029 Jan. I, 1896, at the age of seventy-three. He fol- lowed farming all his life, coming into Lancaster county to engage in the cultivation of the soil a few years before his death. Mrs. Fanny Risser died Feb. 4, 1883, at the age of sixty-two, and was buried in Rissers Church cemetery, in Mt. Joy township. Mr. and Mrs. Risser had the following children: Levi, who was killed by a separator ; Elizabeth, who married Christ Good, a farmer of Conoy township ; Mary, of Elizabethtqwn, wife of Rev. Levi Eber- ■cole, a minister qf tjie Mennonite Church ; Anna, de- ■ceased wife of Levi Longenecker; Joseph, a farmer in the township of Mt. Joy; Fanny, who married A. B. P,eramy, and lives in Elizabethtpwn ; Martin, a farmer in Mt. Joy township ; Amanda N. ; and Amos, a farrner in Mt. Joy township. The paternal grandparpnts of Mrs. Hersh were ' Peter and Fanny (Witmer) Risser, who lived on a iarm in Dauphin county, where they were married. Her maternal grandparents were Martin and Eliza- beth (Hershey) Nissley, lifetime residents and farm- ing people of Lancaster county. Benjamin Franklin Hersh remained with his parents until he reached the age of twenty-nine years. When he was eighteen he entered the black- smith shop, thoroughly learning the trade, which he iollo\Yed imtil 1887. That year he came to the home where he is now found, and put up the shop in which "he has been doing business for over fifteen years to the satisfaction of his patrons and h's own credit. Mr. Hersh is a member of the Mennonite Church, and is a Republican in his political ideas. L. SCOTT KURTZ, the well known dealer in saddlery, was born June 21, 1853, in Spring Garden, Salisbury township, Lancaster Co., Pa., orie-half mile Tiorth of his present place of residence, a son of Rev. Jonathan and Prudence (Good) Kurtz, of Salisbury township and Chester county, respectively. Christian Kurtz, the great-grandfather of L. Scott, died in the eighty-eighth year of his age. His wife, Mary, died in her sixty-third year. Christian Kurtz, grandfather of L- Scott, was married twice, first to Ann Weaver, by whom he had seven children, all of Lancaster county, viz. : Maria married Moses Sharp, a farmer of Leacock town- ship ; Susanna married Moses Eaby, a merchant of Intercourse ; Elizabeth married Peter Eaby, a farmer of Salisbury township ; Jonathan is mentioned be- low ; Lydia married Christian Umble, of Salisbury ; David W. was a farmer of Salisbury township ; Jos- €ph died in his twentieth year. For his second wife Christian Kurtz married Elizabeth Mason. Rev. Jonathan Kurtz was a farmer as well as a local Evangelical preacher for about twenty-five years, and died Dec. 6, 1879, at the age of fifty-nine years, four months, nine days, his body being iDuried in Pequea United Evangelical cemetery ; his widow lived until Feb. 13, 1893, dying at the age of seventy- one years, one month, ten days. The five children .of Jonathan and Prudence (Good) Kurtz were named as follows : Newton L., who is a farmer in Salisbury township; L. Scott; Park M., who died when six years old ; Howard H., a clerk in the cloth- ing house at Christiana, Lancaster county ; and Ida D., who was married to Thomas H. Livingston, and who, with her husband, is now deceased. John Good, the maternal grandfather of L. Scott Kurtz, was born Feb. 9, 1788, and his wife, Barbara Brunner, was born Dec. 4, 1789, in Chester county. They had eight children, as follows : Elizabeth, who was married to Daniel Hetherey ; Owen B. ; Jesse, living retired in York county; John, retired, in Downington, Chester county ; Prudence, Mrs. Kurtz ; Abraham; Mary A., deceased wife of Benjamin F. Clemerson, a Methodist Episcopal clergyrhan in Delaware ; and Barbara, wife of N. W. Benun, also a clergyman of Delaware. L. Scott Kurtz was educated while still under the parental roof, from which he departed at the age of seventeen, beginning an apprenticeship at saddlery with William Phillips in Sali-sbury townhsip, with whom he served four and one-half years. In 1876 he returned to his old home and engaged in the har- ness business until July 22, 1879, when he erected his present shop in Spring Garden. On Nov. 21, 1878, he married Lavinia M. Livingston, and this union has been graced with nine children, namely: William Jonathan, Walter Scott, Anna Araminta, Ida Elva, John Blanchard, Frank Livingston, Abram Carl, Harry Edgar and Clement Baldwin. William Jonathan, the eldest son, died Jan. 21, 1902, in Phil- adelphia, in his twenty-third year, and was laid to rest in the Pequea United Evangelical cemetery. Mrs. Lavinia M. (Livingston) Kurtz was born in Salisbury township Sept. 13, 1856, daughter of William G. and Rachel (Lindville) Livirigston, the former of whom was born in the same township in November, 1828, and is a stock dealer. Mrs. Rachel Livingston died in i860, at the age of thirty- two years, and her remains were interred in Sads- bury Meeting House cemetery, she, with her hus- band, having been a member of the Society of Friends. She was the first wife of William G. Liv- ingston, and they had four children, namely : Ann J., who was married to John R. Wilson, a merchant of Spring Garden, and died in 1879 ; John L., a farm- er residing in Philadelphia ; Lavinia M., Mrs. Kurtz ; and William F., who died in infancy. The second marriage of William G. Livingston was to Catherine D. Mong, of Stark county, Ohio, and to this union have been born five children, namely: Edwin M., William C, Henry S. (a traveHng salesman), all of whom have their home in Philadelphia; Mary E., a school teacher in Salisbury township ; and Alice G., wife of Charles Trout, a carpenter. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Kurtz was John Livingston, and Hon. J. B. Livingston, of Lancaster, was her uncle. L. Scott Kurtz is a Republican in politics, and has served as a county committeeman. Fraternallv he is a member of the Jr. O. U. A. M., Intercourse Council, No. 650. He is an up-to-date business 1080 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY man, and has maintained a most enviable reputation not a breath of reproach ever having been breathed •against his fair name. As a citizen he enjoys the respect of every resident of Spring Garden and Salis- bury township. He is regarded as a substantial and public-spirited gentleman, ready on all proper oc- casions to advance from his means his full share of such funds as may be necessary to consummate the construction of such public improvements as may be essential to the convenience and comfort of his fellow citizens, and he is ever foremost in suggest- ing and promoting all projects designed for the hap- piness and health of the community and the increase of its prosperity. REV. REUBEN S. NOLT. Not only is Lan- caster county justly noted for the wonderful fer- tility of her soil, but also for the superiority of her farmer citizens, many of them being consistent mem- bers of the devout religious body known as Mennon- ites, whose frugality and industry produce the signs of thrift and prosperity shown in their surroundings. Among these worthy people who have for genera- tions exerted a beneficial influence through the coun- ty- are the representatives of the Nolt family, an ex- emplary member of which is Rev. Reuben S. Nolt, a leading citizen of Strasburg township. Reuben S. Nolt was born Feb. 23, 1844, in West Hempfield township, a son of Jonas and Elizabeth (Schrader) Nolt, both of whom have long since passed away, the father when Reuben was but four years of age. Blessed with a most devoted and pious mother, he grew to manhood with good principles, obtaining his education in the public schools, and re- maining on the old farm, his mother's helper, until the spring following his marriage, in 1876. At this time he removed to his present farm in Strasbure: iownship, purchasing eighty-six acres of very de- sirable land, at that location, and here he has since built up a beautiful home, erecting commodious buildings, not only for comfortable residence but also for the proper housing of his fine stock and the yield of his fields. Reuben S. Nolt is a very intelli- gent agriculturist, and realizes the advantage of good machinery and proper drainage and cultivation of the land, as well as the desirability of giving atten- tion only to the best of stock and cattle. On Oct. 31, 1876, Reuben S. Nolt was married to Lavinia IJerr, a daughter of Abraham and Leah (Mayers) Herr, of West Lampeter township, who was born Nov. 22, 1848. To this tmion seven chil- dren have been born: Lizzie L., Nov. 5, 1877: Emma, born Oct. 11, 1878; Lettie, born Dec. 22, 1880 ; Annie M., born May 6, 1882 ; Willis, born July 31, 1883; Harry, born April 13, 1885; and Fannie, born Jan. i, 1887. Since 1885 Mr. Nolt has been connected with the Reformed Mennonite Church, and on Dec. 30, 1894, was ordained to its ministry by Bishop Elias H. Hershey. His ministerial work covers Lancaster county, where he is everywhere recognized as a man of worth and sterling traits of character. In his estimable wife he finds a worthy help-mate. Mrs. Nolt belongs to two of the best known and respected of the old pioneer families of the county, her an- cestry dating as far back as 1709. DANIEL F. HARNISH, whose home is in Manheim township, a half mile west of Neffsville, was born in Conestoga township July 21, 1831, a son of David and Susan (Torrey) Harnish,- both af whom are now deceased. He was but a small boy when his parents moved into Manheim township^ and there his life has passed. His education was received in the common schools, and in i860 he mar- ried and located on the old homestead. In 1865 he moved to a' second farm, near Itiis present home, and there he cultivated rented land for four years, when he moved to East Hempfield township for a stay of two years. In 1871 Mr. Harnish purchased the farm of forty-three acres which is his home at the present time, and here he has made many improvements, re- modelling the house, erecting a tobacco barn, and other farm buildings. Always interested in public affairs, he is known as one of the old and substan- tial citizens of Lancaster county. On Nov. 20, i860, Mr. Harnish was married to Miss Salinda L., a daughter of George and Fan- nie (Landis) Wiedler, who was born in Manor townr ship Feb. 10, 1836. To this union have come three daughters : Clara W., born Sept. 3, 1862, married Harris Bumisderfer, of Kissel Hill, and has five chil- dren, Charles C, Fred G., Stanley G., Luke and Grace; Ellen W., born March 12, 1864, married Levi Erb, of Landisville, and has six children, Zenas,, Ellen, Mabel, Jacob, Barbara and Salinda; Ida W., born April 6, 1867, married Nathan Bush, of Lititz, and has four sons, Roy, Guy, Robert and Nathan. Mr. and Mrs. Harnish are members of the German Baptist Church of the Mountville District, of which he is one of the trustees. They are highly esteemed for their upright characters and good lives. JOHN L. MILLER was during many years of his life a well-known business man of Lancaster, as well as a highly respected citizen. He was born near Rohrerstown, West Hempfield township, Jan. 30, 1822, son of David and Barbara (Landis) Miller. David Miller was a farmer in West Hempfield township, and there he married Barbara Landis. To this union were born these children : Elizabeth, who married Jacob Bosler, of West Hempfield township ; John L., the subject of this sketch; Christian, who is a_ retired farmer of Warwick township ; and David, who is a retired farmer of Petersburg. The Miller family is of Swiss descent. John L. Miller grew up on his father's farm and attended the district schools. He remained in West Hempfield township engaged in farming until 1869, when he removed to Lancaster and embarked in the dry-goods business. He was a man of most ex- cellent business judgment and carried on a success- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1031 ful business until 1885, when he retired from activ- ity. He died in his home in Lancaster March 22, 1899, and was buried in the cemetery of the Men- nonite Church, in Millersville. He was much in- terested in all matters pertaining to the church, and set a good example both by action and precept. He was a director in the Mennonite Mutual Fire In- surance Company. On Oct. 3T, 1843, in Lancaster, John L. Miller married Barbara Bair, and the children born to them were: Amos B., who married Fanny Bear, is a practicing physician in Lancaster; Lizzie, who married Benjamin Snavely, of Lancaster; Miss Fan- ny,- at home; and Anna, who married Joseph R. Dickeler, of Lancaster. Mrs. Barbara (Bair) Mil- ler was born in East Lamoeter township, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Landis) Bair, of Lancaster county, the former of whom was a farmer who died Nov. 14, 1843, aged forty-five years, nine months and eleven days. The mother died Feb. 18, 1870, at the age of seventy years, eleven months and sev- enteen days, and both were buried in this county, the former at Lancaster, and the latter in the ceme- tery of the Mennonite Church at Landis Valley. Two children were born to this union: Christian, who died April 25, 1851, at the age of thirty-two years; and Barbara, the widow of John L. Miller. The mother contracted a second marriage, Michael Martin becoming her husband, but there were no children born to this union. Mrs. Miller and her unmarried daughter still reside in Lancaster, where they are numbered among the most esteemed mem- bers of the Mennonite Church. MARTIN H. BAER, one of the enterprising farrners of the township of East Hempfield, Lan- caster county, now residing on his fine farm three and one-half miles west of Lancaster City, was born on the farm adjoining his present- one August 31, 1843. Martin Baer, son of John and father of Martin H. Baer, died when the latter was only six weeks old, at the early age of thirty-five. All of his life was spent in East Hempfield township, where he was born and where he carried on farming. He married Mary Baer, and three children were born of this union : Levi, a resident of East Hempfield township : Sara, widow of Dr. John W. Hess, now residing in Lancaster ; and Martin H. The mother of these children married again, her second hus- band being Jacob Bausman, to whom she bore one child : J. W. B. Bausman, president of the Farm- ers National Bank, of Lancaster City. The death of the mother occurred in 1857, when she was only forty-five years of age. The early life of Martin H. Baer was spent upon the home farm, and he attended first the common schools of the neighborhood, and later the State Normal school at Millersville. At the age of twen- ty-five years he began farming operations for him- self, purchasing a farm of nine acres along the Har- risburg pike, in East Hempfield township, where for sixteen years he lived, making extensive impro\e- ments, and then selling at a good profit. His pres- ent home was purchased, and consists of ten acres of the best farming land in this section of country, and upon it Mr. Baer carries on general farming. During the time he has owned this property he has made many improvements, and has one of the most attractive and comfortable homes in East Hempfield township. In 1869 Martin H. Baer married Miss Susan H. Krieder, a daughter of Jacob Krieder, of Pequea township. Eight children have blessed this union: Ella, wife of Louis Koenig, of Reading; Annie, at Lancaster; Sadie, at home; L. Miles, a druggist of Philadelphia, who married Bertha Sener; Walter, a student at the University of Pennsylvania, Phila- delphia ; Clyde, a drug clerk in Philadelphia ; Mar- tin, a clerk in the Northern National Bank, Lancas- ter; and Grace, at home. Mrs. Baer is an active member of the Reformed Mennonite Church, and all of the family are highly respected throughout the entire community in which they make their home. Mr. Baer is recognized as one of the sub- stantial men of the township, and he is one of its public-spirited and representative citizens. DAVID P. BITNER. During the greater part of his active life David P. Bitner was creditably identified with business enterprises in Lancaster, and his death, March 26, 1901, removed from accus- tomed haunts a man of most honorable intent, and apt money making capabilities. A native son of Lancaster, he was born Aug. 12, 1843, a son of Abraham and Elizabeth (Porter) Bitner, of Lan- caster county. An extended account of the Bitner ancestry may be found in the monograph of Abra- ham Bitner, a nephew of David P., and a prominent business man of Lancaster. In his youth Mr. Bitner had fair educational ad- vantages, and in later life it was his pride to read much and to mamtain an interest in current events. All things combined to throw him upon his own re- sources, and to make him, while quite young, the arbiter of his own destiny. He seems to have planned wisely and well, for he left considerable property, and was safely launched in the confidence of the business and social world. In early life he was in the employ of the freight line firm of J. R. Bitner & Bro., and he afterward repaired to Phila- delphia and hauled freight for the Pennsylvania rail- road. Upon returning to Lancaster he was at one time a member of the freight line firm of C. A. Bit- ner & Co., afterward dissolved, and he was also a member of the coal firm of Bitner, Sprecker & Coho. Eventually he embarked in an independent coal busi- ness, and at the time of his death was known as an extensive dealer in this necessary commodity. On April 12, 1863, Mr. Bitner was united in mar- riage with Amelia, daughter of Samuel and Mary E. (Brown) Kurtz, of Lancaster, the former a gun- 1032 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY smith by trade, but for the last thirty-three years of his hfe a railroad engineer. He died in 1876, at the age of sixty-tvvo, having been survived by his -wife, who died in 1880, at the age of sixty-five. The parents were members of the Trinity Lutheran church, and were buried in Lancaster county. Be- sides Mrs. Bitner, who was the youngest of the chil- dren born to Mr. and Mrs. Kurtz, there were : Paul, •deceased; Clarence, deceased; and Haldy. To Mr. and Mrs. Bitner were born the following children: A. Wayne, a coal merchant of Philadelphia ; Samuel K., who married Elizabeth Wicker, and lives in Phil- adelphia ; David B., unmarried, and living at home ; Hattie M. ; Bessie A.; James V.; Paul, deceased; atid L. Haldy, deceased. Mrs. Bitner and her chil- dren are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, and are among the prominent and popular people of the community. JOSEPH KURTZ, general farmer and lime manufacturer of Salisbury township, is one of its leading and highly esteemed citizens. He was born on the old homestead in this township April 8, 1841, son of John and Mary (Boley) Kurtz. John Kurtz, the father of Joseph, was a promi- nent and successful farmer of Salisbury township, owning at the time of his death six of the fine farms of that township. Although no member, he was a constant attendant and a very liberal supporter of the Old Mennonite Church, of which his wife was a consistent member. John Kurtz died April 16, 1871, at the age of eighty-one years, and his wife died in January, 1888, aged eighty-eight years. Both were buried on the old Kurtz homestead in Salis- bury township. The children born to John and Mary Kurtz were as follows : Daniel is a retired farmer of Salisbury township ; Nancy, deceased, was the wife of Samuel Worst ; John died in Kentucky, and was brought for burial to this township ; Martha married Harvey Sweigert, a farmer of Salisbury township ; Jacob, a soldier during the Civil war, died in New Me.xico; Abraham is a retired farmer in Salisbury township ; Samuel resides in Denver, Colo. ; David is a farmer of Salisbury township ; Mary married James Roseboro, of Lancaster; Mar- tin resides on the old homestead ; and Joseph is a farmer and lime manufacturer in Salisbury town- ship, and the subject of this sketch. Jacob Kurtz, the paternal grandfather of Jos- eph Kurtz, was an intelligent and prosperous farm- er of Lancaster county, although he began his busi- ness career as a poor man on the old John Warner farm, near the Pequea ]\Teeting House. He was noted as being unusually large physically, weighing 200 pounds. He married Martha King, of Manheim township, who died at the age of seventy-four years. Jacob died in 1822, at the age of seventy-five years and two months, and both were interred on a part of their old farm twelve miles east of Pequea Meet- ing House. They were consistent members of the Amish Church. Joseph Kurtz grew up on the farm and attended the public schools, remaining with his father, as- sisting in agricultural work, until within three years before his marriage. Then he began farming in East Earl township, where he remained for two years, when he came to his present fine farm of 120 acres in Salisbury township. In 1869 Mr. Kurtz began the manufacture of lime, and with three kilns he manufactures 27,000 bushels of lime yearly. The business is well managed and produces a fine income. In politics Mr. Kurtz is a Republican, and he takes a great interest in all public affairs. , On April 20, 1869, Mr. Kurtz was marriedf to Miss Elizabeth Ranck, and the children born to this union were: Flora, who married Charles Norris, a mail agent in Salisbury township ; Ada, who mar- ried Lytle Skiles, a hotel keeper in New Holland, and has three children; Sallie, deceased, who married Ralph Seabold, a railroad ticket agent at Honey- brook, and had two children; Charles H., who re- sides at Los Angeles, Cal. ; Jennie, who married Har- ry Eshleman, of Coatesville, and has three children ; Lydia, who married David K. Sweigert, mail agent at White Horse, and has two children ; Mabel, Bar- ton S. and Chester L., all at home. Mrs. Elizabeth (Ranck) Kurtz was born in East Earl township April 8, 1843, daughter of Samuel E. and Sallie (McElroy) Ranck, of Lancaster county. Mr. Ranck was a prominent man in East Earl town- ship, was identified with politics, filled the offices of supervisor, assessor and tax collector and it was through his influence that a post office was estab- lished at Green Bank, Pa., of which he was post- master for many years. He died in 1889, aged eighty-two years, his wife surviving until 1896, dy- ing also at the age of eighty-two years. Both were buried in the Ranck Church cemetery, in East Earl township. They were members of the U. B. Church. Their, children were as follows: Sallie, who died in infancy ; Laban, a resident of Camden, N. J.; Aaron, a resident of Council Bluffs, Iowa; Elijah, a shoemaker who resides at Blue Ball, Pa. ; Elizabeth, who is Mrs. Kurtz; Edward, a farmer .of Salisbury township; Lvdia, widow of Isaac Sel- domridge, and a resident of Coatesville; and Phoebe, deceased. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Kurtz were Peter and Margaret (Eck- holtz) Ranck, of Lancaster county, and the maternal grandparents were James and Sarah (Wisher) McElroy, farming people of Lancaster county, all highly respected in their various localities. REA'-. GEORGE BUCHER, a noted preacher and- farmer of East Drumore township, Lancaster county, was born at Cornwall, Lebanon Co., Pa., July 21, 1845, son of Jacob and Veronica (Bru- baker) Bucher. Jacob Bucher was a son of Dr. Benedict Bucher who was born at Denver, Lancaster county, in Aug-- ust, 1759. and grandson of Dr. Bens Bucher, a na- tive of Switzerland, who settled at Denver, this coun- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1033 ty, in the earlier part of the eighteenth century. Dr. Benedict Bucher located at Cornwall, where he prac- ticed medicine many years. Of his children, (i) John B., who was born in 1785, was a farmer in Lebanon county. He and his wife and four chil- dren are deceased. One of his grandsons, Cyrus, ■of Astoria, 111., is a mhiister. (2) Benedict, born in April, 1792, had two daughters, and died in Leba- non county. His daughter, Eliza, married Isaac Brubaker, a minister, and his daughter, Sarah, be- ■came the wife of Michael Hershberger, of Lebanon county. (3) Christian, born in 1796, was a prac- ticing physician in Lebanon county for many years. His family consisted of Dr. Samuel, of Freeport, 111., now deceased; Susan, wife of Henry Houck, ■deputy State superintendent of schools, of Lebanon county; Dr. Alfred, deceased; Mary A., wife of Frank Goshert, of Lebanon county ; Dr. Isaac, who is a prominent resident of Lebanon county ; and Elizabeth, who was Mrs. Rocky. (4) Henry Bucher, born in 1798, settled near Cornwall, where he engaged in farming. He was the father of the following children: Mary A., wife of Dr. A. Smith, of Lebanon county; Catherine, wife of Jos- ■eph Horst; Dr. Benedict, of Lebanon; Lovina, un- married; and Henry, a farmer of Lebanon county. (5) Susanna, born in 1802, died unmarried. (6) Maria, born in 1804, married Michael Snyder, and died in Lebanon county, leaving six children, Henry, Susan, Mary, Leah, Israel and Josiah. (7) Jacob "was the father of Rev. George. Jacob Bucher was born March 24, 1807, at Corn- wall, and was reared in Lebanon county, where he followed farming all his life. His death occurred in November, 1871. He married Veronica Bru- baker, who was born in January, 1812, at Cornwall, and died in November, 1868. In his religion Mr. Bucher was a member of the German Baptist Church. He took a prominent part in school mat- ters, being a member of the school board at the time free schools were established in Lebanon county. To him and his good wife were born the following children : (i) Christian became a minister early in life, and is now a bishop of the German Baptist Church. He has a wife and seven children, Mohler '(a deacon), Alice, Esther, Allen (a minister), Clara, Amy and Ada. (2) Anna married Henry Horst, and is deceased. (3) Jacob, a successful farmer, is now residing near the old home in Lebanon coun- ty. (4) .Susan married William Gingrich, of Leba- non county, and they have a son, Alfred, in the min- isti-y. (5) Veronica married Jonas Royer, of Leba- non county. (6) Elizabeth married John Ketter- ing, of Lebanon county. (7) George is mentioned below. Rev. George Bucher was reared at the old home- stead and received a district school education. Be- ginning life as a farmer, he also taught during the ■winter seasons for a time. in Lebanon county. When a young man he was called to the ministry, and for thirty-six years has preached the gospel in Lebanon and Lancaster counties, being self-supporting. In 1896 he purchased a farm near Mechanic Grove, where he has followed farming, and he still preaches on the Sabbath. In 1898, very largely through his influence, a church was erected at Mechanic Grove, where he ministers to a congregation of some thirty families of the Dunkard faith. In 1866 Mr. Bucher was married to Miss Anna Pfoutz, who died in i88r, leaving him seven chil- dren : ( I ) Mary is the wife of Prof, and Rev. Isaac Newton Harvey Beahm, now of Elizabethtown, who has proved himself one of the best of teachers and preachers. His labors have extended from the At- lantic to the Pacific. They have four children, Annie, Sadie, Willie and Esther. (2) Lizzie, for a time a successful teacher in Lebanon county, is the wife of Prof. L. D. Eikenbury, principal of the North Manchester (Ind.) College, and has two chil- dren, Anna and Flora M. (3) Sarah is the wife of John J. John, a minister, and teacher in the Union Bridge College, in Maryland, and they have three children, George B., Eva and Donald. (4) Prof.- Aaron, born in Lebanon county, is unmarried, and lives in South Bend, Wash. He is a graduate of the Lebanon Business College. (5) George lives in the State of Washington, with his brother Aaron, who has filled important positions in Eastern colleges. (6) Annie lives with her parents. (7) Benoni also resides at home. Rev. George Bucher was married Sept. 26, 1882, to Mrs. Fianna (Pfoutz) Philippy, at that time the widow of Peter F. Philippy. She was born Sept. 21, 1850, and belongs to one of the old families of Lebanon county, her father, Amos Pfoutz, being an old tailor and farmer of the county. To this union have come: (i) Rufus, born in 1883, who was selected for the ministry in 1901 ; (2) Fianna, born in June, 1886; and (3) Willie, born in September, 1888. Mr. Bucher has never taken any part in politics, devoting himself entirely to his work as a preacher of the Gospel and to his farming, owning two large and well cultivated farms. Beginning with but little education, by close application and a lifetime of study he has become one of the best informed men in the county. His integrity is unquestioned, and he is greatly respected by all who know him. HENRY F. ESHBACH, one of the representa- tive farmers of Lancaster county, now retired from the active conduct of his farm, belongs to one of the old and honored families of the State of Pennsyl- vania. Christian Eshbach, grandfather of Henry F., was born in Conestoga township, this county, ac- companying his father, John Eshbach, to Lancaster township, when he was a lad of eight years. He was reared on the farm which is still in the posses- sion of the family, and became one of the most suc- cessful agriculturists of the county. Christian Esh- bach was a good, honest, conscientious man, be- 1034 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY loved by his family and the community, and valued in the Old Mennonite Church, of which he had long been a member. He married Mary Brant, and they became the parents of three children:' John, de- ceased, who was a farmer of Lancaster township ; Mary, deceased, who was the wife of Henry Herr ; and Christian, father of Henry F. Christian Eshbach (2), son of Christian, was born on the old homestead Jan. 29, 1833, and con- tinued on the piace until he had attained his majority. His education was acquired in the common schools of his locality, and he managed the home farm until 1877, when he retired from activity in favor of his son, Henry F. In 1853 he married Miss Anna For- rey, and one son was born to this union, Henry F. Both parents are consistent members of the Old Men- nonite Church. Henry F. Eshbach was born on the old family homestead Sept. 29, 1S54, ^"^ was educated in the common schools of the county. Taking entire charge of the farming operations at the age of twenty-two, • he has devoted all his energies to agriculture and Icindred lines. The members of this family have long been known as the best of farmers, and Henry F. Eshbach has kept up the standard of excellence. In the spring of 1896 he retired, moving from the old homestead to his present comfortable residence, on the Millersville pike road, within three miles of the city of Lancaster. Henry F. Eshbach was married Sept. 26, 1876, to Barbara M. Denlinger, who passed out of life Dec. 21, 1899. Mr. Eshbach is one of Lancaster county's most highly respected citizens, is public-spirited and liberal minded, and has been identified with all of the progressive movements in his section, in the interests of morality and good government. JACOB M. STAUFFER (deceased) was born in West Hempfield township July 18, 1849, '^nd died on the family farm Aug. 19, 1899. He was buried in the Chiques Hill Meeting House cemetery in Rapho township. John StauflFer, his father, was a farmer of West Hempfield township and died there in May, 1849, at the age of fifty years. He married Mary Miller, who died May 14, 1900, at the age of eighty-one years, and is buried on Mussers' farm, in West Hempfield township. She belonged to the Old Men- nonite Church. To the union of John and Mary Stauffer were born the following named children: John M. (deceased), who was married twice, first time to a Hossle, and second to a Greider ; Abraham (deceased), who married Miss Kate Nissley; Henry M., of Rossmere, Lancaster county; Anna M. ; and Jacob M. In November, 1878, Jacob M. Stauffer mar- ried Miss Ella Young, of Lancaster, and to this union were born : Cvrus Y., Alice Y., Abraham Y., David Y. and Jacob Y. Mrs. Jacob M. Stauffer was born in Mt. Joy township, daugh- ter of Abraham and Susan (Hershey) Young, of that township, where they now reside on a farm. Mr. Young was born in 1833, and Mrs. Young was born in 1832. They are mem- bers of the German Baptist Church. For a number "of years Mr. Young was a school director. Mr. and Mrs. Young had children as follows : Jacob H., a farmer of Mt. Joy, married Miss Anna Heis- tand ; Clayton H. died in infancy ; Ella H. is the widow of Jacob M. Stauffer. Mrs. Staufifer's grand- parents on her father's side were John and Susan (Kauffman) Young, and her maternal grandfather was Jacob Hershey, who married a Witmer. All were of Lancaster county. Jacob M. Stauffer remained with his parents until two years prior to coming of age, after which he worked for different farmers in the neighbor- hood. After his marriage he engaged in the manu- facture of lime for two years, and then took his father-in-law's farm in Mt. Joy township, where he remained four years. He then took the David Hershey farm, in Mt. Joy township, where he re- mained thirteen years. In April, 1898, he purchased and took charge of the John L. Brandt (formerly Sam Hossler) farm, in Rapho township, where he remained until his death. He was a good Chris- tian man, and an active member ot the German Bap- tist Church. His widow remains on the farm, which is a fine place of ninety-seven acres, managed for her by her sons. They are progressive, and un- der their efforts the tract is very profitable. The family is well known and respected in the commun- ity and none stand higher in the good will of all who know them, than Mrs. Stauffer and her sons and daughters. JOSEPH G. JAMISON. Among the energetic and representative farmer citizens of Little Britain township, residing in Oak Hill, is Joseph G. Jami- son, who carries on a prosperous machinery and im- plement business in that place, doing business for the Walter A. Wood Harvesting Machine Co. He also manages a small, well kept and finely improved farm, and is one of the successful and reputable citi- zens of his part of the county. Mr. Jamison was born in Little Britain township June 7, 1848, son of John and Mary (Gyles) Jami- son, of the same township, the latter a daughter of Joseph Gyles, of Chester county. John Jamison was a son of John and Mary Ann (Patton) Jamison, the former of whom was born in Ireland, and was an early settler in Lancaster county. Ox their twelve children, nine grew to maturity:- Joseph, James, Samuel, John, Adam, William, Isabel, Catherine and Margaret, all of whom have passed away. John Jamison was born in 1820, and was married m 1842. His wife died in 1866, and he survived un- til Aug. 5, 1896. Their eleven children were: Robert P., who died during the Civil war; Mary A., who married Allan C. Dance, of Wilmington, Del. ; Joseph G. ; Laura J. ' and Florence E., twins, the former of whom mar- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1035 ried Elwood Yonng, of Chester county, and the lat- ter of whom married John Ritter, of Westchester, Pa. ; Harvey, who Hves in Chester county ; Estella, who died at the age of fourteen years ; and several who_ died in infancy. John Jamison was a true patriot and loyal citizen, serving faithfully and well in Company D, 178th P. V. I. Iri politics he was a Republican, and he was an honorable and industri- ous citizen. Joseph G. Jamison was reared on the farm, and was educated in the public schools of his district. In his eighteenth year, during the Civil war, he was in the employ of the United States Government at Giesboro Point, Washington, D. C. Fraternally Mr. Jamison is connected with several orders, being a past grand of the I. O. O. F. ; sachem of Oclo- conee Tribe, No. 324, I. O. R. M. ; and a member of the Good Templars. He his also organized a lodge of the Improved Order of Heptasophs, by a commission of the supreme organizer, John W. Cruett, of Baltimore. In political preference he has long been a stanch Republican, and is school di- rector of Little Britain township. He is prominent in business as well as in social and political circles. On Dec. 9, 1869, Mr. Jamison was married to Miss Hattie Reburn, born Jan. 6, 1849, daughter of Thomas and Jane (Featherman) Reburn, of Ches- ter county. She was one of a family of six children born to her parents, the other members being: Michael, a resident of Fulton township ; Nancy Jane, unmarried; Benjamin, of Lancaster; Eliza- beth, unmarried; and Jane. JOHN BENDER, the genial proprietor of the "Eden Hotel," is a representative of an old settled family in Lancaster county. David Bender, the great-grandfather of John, was born in Upper Leacock township, July 26, 1741, and died April 20, 1824. His wife, Margaret, was born Oct. i, 1755, and died Sept. 21, 1809. Mr. Bender was one of the founders of that branch of the German Reformed Church which is known as the Heller's Church. He was a successful farmer, and when he died left his two sorts, John and George, each a fine farm. He also was the father of five daughters: Catherine, the wife of Joseph Heller; Susan and Sarah, who died unmarried; one who married a Mr. Whideler ; and another who married a Mr. Shreiner. John Bender, son of David and grandfather of John, was born in Upper Leacock township, where iie followed farming until his death. Elizabeth Rinzer, his wife, became the mother of eleven chil- dren: One that died in infancy; David; Michael; Mariah ; George ; \^''illiam ; John ; Adam ; Diller ; Joseph ; and Widler. George Bender, the father of John, was born in TJpper Leacock township in 1819, and was a life- long farmer. He was married Feb. 10, 1842, to Miss Harriet Johnson, of Maytown, by whom he became the father of the following children : John, whose name introduces this article; Mary C, the wife of Daniel R. Donor; Diller, deceased; Anna E., widow of Samuel Patterson; Carpenter W., of Newhall; George J., of East Dubuque, Iowa; Alice, wife of Milton Groff ; and Frances L.; wife- of David Myers. John Bender was born March 3, 1843, in Upper Leacock township, where the family had long been established, and where he was reared on the farm. He was educated in the public schools, and when he was about twenty-eight years of age, he began farm- ing for himself in Earl township, where he remained some five years. He was in West Earl township one year, and in 1880 removed to Manheim town- ship, to take charge of a farm for Mr. B. J. Mc- Grann, following farming and teaming for two years. At the end of that time he sold his stock and bought the hotel at Eden, which he conducted for four years. After selling it, he bought it back again in 1889, and continues as its landlord to the present date. . A genial and pleasant man he has proved peculiarly successful in his hotel work, which has proved very profitable to him. As a farmer he ex- celled, and at a plowing contest in the county won a prize of $500 offered for the straightest furrow and the most even plowing. Mr. Bender is a broad- gauge man, and is deeply interested in the public welfare. He bears one of the old and honored names in Lancaster county, and his life has been such as tcv add to its lustre. Mr. Bender was married Feb. 27, 1882, to Miss Serena B., a daughter of Jacob and Selma (Bod- derf ) Longenecker ; she was born near Lincoln, Lan- caster county, Aug. 19, 1849. They are pleasant and affable people and are among the most worthy and respected citizens of the community. Mr. Bender takes much pride in the memory of his abil- ity as a teamster in the days when he was on the road. He won the "bells," given as a token of being the best driver on the road. FRANKLIN BOOKS, a noted farmer of East Drumore township, Lancaster county, was born in that township near the Colerain line, Feb. 24, 1840,. a son of Samuel and Mary (Reed) Books, both na- tives of this county. Samuel Books was born in 1800, a son of Mi- chael and Nancy (Groff) Books, one of the old families of Lancaster county, who reared a large family, all the members of which are dead. He settled on a twenty-five-acre tract, now a part of the Books farm, on which he erected a small house. Gradually he increased the farm by frequent pur- chases of small amounts of land, until he had come to own one of the large farms of the township. In 1870 he built the house where Franklin Books is now living, and where his wife, Mary Reed, who- was about four years his junior, died in Februarv, 1874, preceding him to the Better Land by some five years. Samuel Books and his wife were the parents of sixteen children, twelve of whom were living at 1036 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the time of their death. We have record of the fol- lowing: (i) William died imraarriea in 1892; (2) Samuel, born in 1832, lives in York county ; (3) George, born in 1836, died in childhood ; (4) Jacob, born in 1838, is married, and lives in Oxford, Ches- ter county; (5) Franklin is our subject; (6) Ben- jamin, born in 1842, lives in Indian Territory; (7) Alice, born in 1843, is the widow of William Lewis, of Little Britain, and is the mother of two children ; (8) James, born in 1846, is married and has a fam- ily in Little Britain, where he is engaged in business as a farmer: (9) Michael and (10) Elizabeth, twins, torn in 1848, of whom Michael is a farmer and has a wife and family in Chester county, while Elizabeth is the widow of David Rimer, of Eden township; (ir) Ivan, born in 1852, is married and lives in Chester county; (12) Sarah, born in 1854, married Frank Conklin, and died, leaving one son, Lindley; {13) Mary, born in 1857, is the wife of Harry Brooks, of Lancaster, and the mother of Daisy, War- ren, Cora and Nellie. Franklin Books was reared on the home farm, and has remained on the parental home, caring for "his parents as long as they lived, and he still holds the farm. When a young man he engaged in team- ing and in hauling ore and lime. In March, 1883, Franklin Books was married to Miss Lizzie J. Suters, a daughter of John and Eliza- l)eth (Book) Suters, long established in the county. The father was born in Little Britain, and the mother in Colerain township. They lived on a farm in Cole- rain township, 'where Mrs. Franklin Books was born in 1846, having her education in the public school of East Drumore township, where her parents soon established their home, and where they lived and died. Shortly after his marriage, Frankliri Books estab- lished himself in Chester county, and four years later Tie bought the old Books farm, on which he is found at this writing. Franklin Books and his wife are the parents of four children: Harry, born in 1884; Gaylon, born in 1885; Anne, born in 1887; and George C, born in 1890, but who died in infancy. Mr. Books is a Republican, and holds the same political ideas which his father cherished. He and his wife are among the most respected people of this section of Lancaster county, and their generous hospitality is shared by many neighbors and warm friends. DAVID LEAMAN, one of the old and honored •citizens of Lancaster county, has his residence on his farm, one mile southeast of Neffsville. He was torn on a farm in West Lampeter township, March ^31, 1 83 1, a son of Abraham and Barbara (Buck- waiter) Leaman, and has worthily sustained the honor of the name. Abraham Leaman was the eldest in the family of ■eight children of Benjamin Leaman. He died when only thirty years of age, but though cut off early in life, gave indication of a strong and virile nature. He married Barbara Buckwalter, a daughter of David Buckwalter, of East Lampeter township, and had five children : David ; Benjamin, of Lititz ; Miss Catherine, a resident of Lancaster ; Maria, deceased wife of Daniel Book, of West Lampeter township; and Sariniel, who died in childhood. After the father's death the mother was married to Isaac Powell, by whom she had two children, Eli and Amanda, both residents of Lancaster. The mother died in her eighty-fifth year. She and her husTaand were members of the Mennonite Church. David Leaman was reared on the farm in East Lampeter township, and educated in the common schools. When he was twenty-one years of age he entered into business activities for himself, and began farming on the place he now occupies, containing seventy-four acres. Following farming steadily un- til 1888, he then retired and located in a handsome and attractive house which he had built on the farm adjoining the old family homestead, where he expects to spend his declining days in peace and quiet. Mr. Leaman was married Oct. 22, 1850, to Eliza- beth Landis, a daughter of Abraham and Barbara Landis, born in East Lampeter township, Sept. 27, 1829. This union was blessed with eight children, of whom two are deceased : Barbara, wife of David Rohrer, of Upper Leacock township ; Matilda, wife of Ezra Groff, of Lower Leacock township ; Abraham, a farmer of Manheim township; Mary Ann, wife of Frank Landis, of East Lampeter ; David, who lives in the old homestead and is wejided to Lizzie B. Hess ; Elizabeth, wife of Benjamin Hess, of Oregon; and Benjamin and Ezra, who both died in childhood. Mr. and Mrs. Leaman and their children are members of the Landis Valley Mennonite Church, where Mr. Leaman has been a deacon since 1873. JOSEPH AIKIN, a resident of Vintage, Lan- caster county, was born in County Antrim, near Bel- fast, Ireland, Dec. 22, 1834, a son of William J. and Margaret (McCormick) Aikin, the former of whom was a carpenter, and lived and died in Ireland, as did also the latter. Joseph Aikin was reared in his native land, and had his education in the local schools. In 185 1 he came to the United States, and located at Williams- town, Lancaster county, where he had an uncle and an aunt living, with whom he made his home. He de- termined to learn the cabinet-maker's trade, and for the ensuing three years he was engaged in serving the necessary apprenticeship. At the end of that time he went into business for himself as contractor and builder, which he followed until 1899, when he sold out his business to his sons, Joseph and William. In contracting and building he had developed an ex- tensive patronage, and was widely known through- out the eastern part of Lancaster county, as a reliable and capable workman, whose word could be safely taken. In 1879 Mr. Aikin purchased some six acres of land, and the following year erected a very hand- some residence, which is still counted among the most attractive and desirable in the village. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1037 On May 25, 1858, Joseph Aikin was married to Miss Sarah W. Walker, a daughter of James and Mary (McFadden) Walker. James Walker, who was a native of County Den-y, Ireland, came to this country when a lad of sixteen years, settling in the vicinity of Williamstowh, Lancaster county, where he made his home until his death, in 1849, at the age of seventy-seven years. Mary (McFadden) Walker, who was the second wife of James Walker, was born in Lancaster county, and she became the mother of two children : Sarah W., wife of Joseph Aikin, and Anna, who married George Bower, of The Gap, and died in 1900. By his first wife, who was Miss Anna Kane, Mr. Walker had one son, Isaac, who died at Peoria, Illinois. Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Aikin are the parents of five children : ( t ) James W. married Mary Witwer, and lives at Nine Points, Lancaster county; he is a blacksmith, and holds the office of justice of the peace. (2) William John married Miss Clara Hershey ; he is a contractor and builder at Williams- town, where he has taken up his father's business. (3) Anna Mary married Edward Charles, a far- mer at Thorndale, Chester county, Pa. (4) Eliza- beth is the wife of Amos K. Mcllvaine, of Philadel- phia. (5) Joseph Leman is in business with his brother, William J. ; he is unmarried. All the family belong to the Paradise Presbyterian Church, where Joseph Aikin serves as a trustee. JAMES M. LONG, one of the leading citizens of kirks Mills, Little Britain township, was born June 26, 1861, in East Drumore township, a son of Hugh and Rebecca (Pusey) Long, the former of whom is one of the most highly respected of the citi- zens of that township. Hugh Long was a son of James Long, and a grandson of John Long, who came from England about 1750, and settled near Chestnut Level. By trade he was an iron worker and some of the iron work which has stood the storms of many years in the Presbyterian Church in Chestnut Level, attests his skill. The children born to Hugh Long and wife numbered three, namely : James M. of tnis sketch ; Annie, who is the wife of Martin Coulter, of Bart township ; and Sanders, who manages the home farm. In his youth James M. Long attended the dis- trict schools of his" locality, growing up accustomed to farm duties. His choice of career made of him an agriculturist, and although at first his means were limited and there was great need of industry, he conquered all difficulties, and he is now one of the substantial and leading farmers of his neighborhood. His estate comprises one of the valuable and desir- able tracts of land in Little Britain township, located within one and one-half miles of Kirks Mills ; it con- tains 192 acres' of fine land, improved with excellent buildings of every kind. On Nov. 28, 1889, Mr. Long was married to Miss Alicfe C. L. Lanborn, of Drumore township, a daugh- ter of Aquilla B. and Ann (Ambler) Lanborn, born Feb. 14, 1867. Her parents had a family of three children, the others being William, who was killed by a kick of a horse ; and Addie, who resides with Mrs. Long. Mr. Lanborn can trace a long line of ancestry, as far back as the year 1697, when occurred the birth of Robert, in Berkshire, England. Robert had a son Robert, who came to America, and his son George was born in Lancaster county. Pa. George (2), son of George, was born in Chester county Dec. 23, 1763, and his son, Smedley Lanborn; was born June 6, 1807, and became the. grandfather of Mrs. Long. Aquilla B. Lanborn was born Feb. 23, 1833, and he resides in the home of his daughter; his wife, born March 25, 1831, died Jan. 11, 1894. In 1888 Mr. Long removed from East Drumore township and purchased his present farm, and has ever since been prospering in farming and stock- raising. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Long are : Ralph W., born Aug. 30, 1891 ; Wynona May^ born July 19, 1893 ! Anna M., born iept. 6, 1895 ; and Forest, born June i, 1901. In their pleasant country home, surrounded by their bright and inter- esting children, Mr. and Mrs. I^ong realize the best there is in life. Mrs. Long was reared in the Quaker belief, but Mr. Long is a member of the Presbyterian Church, and both of them are among the most highly respected residents of this township, where they have lived so long. AMOS M. RETTEW, master-painter for the Philadelphia & Reading Railway Co., was born in Cordelia, West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, April 20, 1848, and is still a resident of the village. George R.ettew, father of Amos M., and also a native of West Hempfield township, was a teamster by vocation, and also served many years as consta- ble. He died in 1866, aged forty years, and was bur- ied in the Brookhart cemetery in West Hempfield township ; his widow died in 1898, when seventy- two years old, and her remains were interred in the United Brethren cemetery, at Cordelia. To the marriage of George Rettew with Elizabeth Mumaw were bom nine children, namely: David, who died young ; Elizabeth, who died in infancy ; Amos M. ; George, who died young; Henry, a farmer in West Hempfield township; Adeline, wife of John Eiker, .1 carpenter in Cordelia; Harriet, unmarried; Eliza- beth, wife of Samuel Kidinger, of Stark county, Ohio ; and Andrew, who died young. The paternal grandparents of Amos M. Rettew were David and Mary (Kellar) Rettew, of French extraction, the former a farmer in West Hempfield township, who passed his latter days in retirement and died in Marietta; his wife died in Maytown. The maternal grandparents were Peter and Catherine (Metzgar) Mnmaw, the former being a wood-cutter, living in Lancaster. Amos M. Rettew began making his own liveli- hood at the age of fourteen years by hauling ore in the banks, and five years later went to work in 1038 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the smelting furnaces, where he remained four years, when he entered the employ of the R. & C. R. R. Co., as fireman. After two years, he returned to work in the furnaces, and a few years later opened a tavern in Cordelia, which he successfully conducted four years, and then became a painter for the P. & R. R. R. Co., and was advanced by degrees until, in 1892, he was made foreman — the position he still holds. In August, 1868, at Lancaster, Amos M. Rettew married Mary Hoffman, and to this union have been born three children, viz. : George, who married Mary Strictmater, and is a laborer in Cordelia ; Lizzie, de- ceased wife of Albert Bard, also a laborer in Cor- delia; and Frederick H., deceased. Mrs. Mary (Hoffman) Rettew was born in West Hempfield township Dec. 12, 1850, a daughter of Frederick and Magdelena (Snyder) Hoffman, who were born in Germany, but who were married in Lancaster county. Pa., and who died in West Hempfield township — the father in 1889, at the age of seventy-one years, and the mother in 1885, when sixty-seven years old. They were members of the Germa,n Lutheran church, and their remains were interred in the Lutheran cemetery in West Hempfield township. Their chil- dren, five in number, were as follows : Peter, a con- ductor on the Pennsylvania Railroad; Mary, wife of Amos M. Rettew ; Gertrude, wife of Albert Harthorn, a farmer of Conoy township; Kate,' mar- ried to George Stubefifoll, a carpenter in Philadel- phia ; and Lena, deceased. Amos M.. Rettew is a member of the P. & R. Relief Association, and in politics is a Republican. He has led an industrious and strictly honorable life, and his present prosperous condition is the result of his integrity and good management, as well as of his unfailing courtesy toward all with whom he had business transactions or social relations. DAVID H. HARNISH, a substantial farmer and business than of Pequea township, who is quite extensively engaged in the truck gardening branch of agriculture, and who also through the winter seasons is a large slaughterer of hogs for the markets of the country, belongs to that thrifty, frugal class v/hich has given character and standing to Lancas- ter county. Mr. Harnish was born in the year 1841, in what was then Conestoga township, but is now Pequea, son of Martin and Fanny (Harnish) Harnish, and the grandson of David Harnish, who was a success- ful farmer and land owner of this locality. The latter married Lizzie Suavely and to them were born children as follows : Jacob, a resident of the City of Lancaster'; David, a resident of Stark county, Ohio; Abram, who also moved to Ohio, and who died in that State ; Fanny, married to Abner Rohrer, and now deceased ; John and Eliza, .also now de- ceased ; and Martin. Martin Harnish, the father of David H., was reared to agricultural pursuits. On reaching ma- ture years he was married to Fanny Harnish, who was born March 11, 1804. They were plain, unas- suming country folk, good Christian God-fearing people, who reared their children in that line and to habits of industry and usefulness. They were iden- tified with the Reformed Mennonite Church. They died, the father in 1884, and the mother in 1887, and their remains rest in the cemetery at New Dan- ville. Their children were: Fanny (died in in- fancy), Lizzie, Annie (deceased wife of John L. Brenneman), Martin and 'David H. David FI. Harnish was reared on the home farm, and not unlike lads of the general farmer of that period, had only such schooling as the neighboring district schools afforded. These he attended but for a brief period between work in the winter months, for through the seasons of preparation and planting and harvesting he was hard at it in ploughing, sow- ing and reaping; and in the winter season between the doing of his chores and the riding of horses in tramping out and threshing the grain, he had only intervals at school, and hence meagre educational advantages. He has for years paid considerable attention to gardening, the raising of vegetables, etc., for the city markets. He is largely engaged through the winter slaughtering hogs for market, in which business he is probably the most extensively engaged of any one man, outside of the city, in Lancaster county. In the winter of 1899-1900 he killed be- tween 200 and 300 head. He has been industrious, energetic and frugal, and through his persistency and his tenacity of purpose, has risen to a creditable position among his fellow men. He has been a good manager, and has met with deserved success. He adheres to the religious faith of his forefathers, and is a consistent member of the Reformed Mennonite Church, as are also all members of his family. On October 31, 1878, David H. Harnish was mar- ried to Barbara Eckman, daughter of Isaac and Delilah (Benedict) Eckman, and two children have blessed the union, namely : Noah, who is associated in business with Riley Brothers & Raub, hardware merchants of Lancaster ; and Cora. T. M. ROHRER, M. D., a well known member of the medical profession in New Providence, Lancas- ter county, was born Dec. 7, 1854, a s.on of John K. and Mary (Peoples) Rohrer. The ancestors of John K. Rohrer came from Al- sace, Germany, and emigrated to this country, set- tling in Lancaster county in the early days. John Rohrer, the grandfather of our subject, left a family of two children, by his first marriage. John K., the father of our subject; and Maria, who married John Sides, and moved to Steriing, III, where she is still living at an advanced age. By a second mar- riage he had four children: Benjamin, Jacob, Isaac and Annie. John K. Rohrer, son of John, settled in New Providence, where he followed merchandising until his death in 1863. His wife, Mary Peoples, daughter of John and Susan Peoples, pioneers of Lancaster BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1039 county, died in 1890. Mr. and Mrs. Rohrer were survived by four children : (i) B. F., born in 1843, was reared in Lancaster county, and received his education in the schools of the county and at Pough- keepsie, N. Y. ; he married Miss Kate Kelley, of St. Louis, and they now reside at Hummelstown, Dau- phin Co., Pa., where Mr. Rohrer is engaged as a bookkeeper for the Brown Stone Co. ; they have three daughters : Sue, Mary and Katie, all graduates of the Millersville State Normal school. (2) Susan, born in 1846, is the wife of Dr. W. J. Wentz, of New Providence. They have a family of six children, as follows ; Bertie, wife of A. W.' Meyer, of Lancas- ter county; John, of Providence; B. Frank, a phy- sician of Philadelphia; Mary; Emily; and Charles, a student in the Philadelphia Medical College. (3) John, born in 1848, married Miss Annie Leaman, of Lancaster county, and they reside on his farm in Strasburg township ; they have a family of seven children. (4) Dr. T. M. is the subject of this sketcn. Dr. T. M. Rohrer was reared in Lancaster county. Pie attended the State Normal school at Millersville, and then entered the Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia, where he graduated in 1881. He lo- cated in the town of Quarryville after graduation, and has since practiced his profession in that town. In 1890 Dr. Rohrer married Miss Sue E. Hensel, and three children have been born of this union: Mary H., born in 1891 ; Robert H. and Richard P., twins, born in 1895. Mrs. Rohrer was born in 1863, daughter of George W. (deceased) and Anna M. Hensel, of Quarryville borough. She is a lady of culture and refinement, and is a gradtiate of Linden Hall Seminary, in Lancaster county. Dr. Rohrer is a Republican in politics, and has been a burgess and member of the council. The Doctor and wife are members of the Reformed Church. He is a mem- ber of the Lancaster County and the State Medical Societies. The Doctor owns and occupies a fine house in the borough, and is one of the well-to-do practitioners of the district. He is a kind-hearted and charitable gentleman, whose hand has always been open to the deserving. He is well-known and universally respected for his merit as a man and a member of society. WESLEY MILLER, tax collector of West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, for the past five years, and a lifelong farmer, is one of the best and most favorably known residents of Silver Spring. He is yet a comparatively young man, but represents one of the old families of Lancaster coun- ty. He was born in East Hempfield township Oct. 20, 1857, son of Christian and Catherine (Moul) Miller, natives, respectively, of East Hempfield township, Lancaster county, and of Cumberland county. Christian Miller, born in June, 1828, followed farming through life and is now a resident of Ful- ton township, Lancaster Co. His wife, Catherine, was born in April, 1828, daughter of John Moul. To Christian and Catherine Miller were born the following children : Caron, deceased ; Edwin, de- ceased ; Franklin, a farmer of Pequea township ; Wesley; John, deceased; Richard, of Fulton town- ship; Hiram, a farmer of Fulton township; Mary, at home; and Susan, wife of Winfield Smith, of Fulton township. Wesley Miller was reared on the farm, receiv- ing a good common school education, and early ap- plying his energies to agriculture. He married, Sept. 21, 1879, in Mountville, Pa., Miss Mary Leon- ard, born in Pequea township Sept. 14, 1856, the daughter of Abraham and Barbara (Shawb) Leon- ard. Her paternal grandparents were Frederick and Elizabeth (Lutz) Leonard, of Manor township, the grandfather serving as a soldier in the war of 1812. Her maternal grandparents were Martin and Catherine (Book) Shawb, prominent farmers of Providence township. Abraham Leonard died May 25, 1898, aged eighty-seven years; his wife died in December, 1875, aged fifty-four years. Both were devout members of the Dunkard church. Their family of four children consisted of Martin, a car- penter of West Hempfield township ; Mary, wife of Wesley Miller; Catherine, deceased; and Aaron, a farmer of West Hempfield township. To Wesley and Mary (Leonard) Miller three daughters have been born, of whom Katie, the eldest, and Stella M., the youngest, are at home ; and Alice B. is deceased. in 1899 Mr. Miller retired from active farm life, and is now a resident of Silver -Spring. In poli- tics he is a Republican and is one of the leading members of the party in West Hempfield township. He is a member of the Mystic Chain, and in the so- cial and business interests of the township is popu- lar and influential. CLINTON E. REMSBURG. Among the flourishing industries of the town of Maytown is the bakery business, and a leader in this line is Clinton E. Remsburg, who, since 1894, has there con- ducted a first-class modern bakery, and is the pur- veyor through the surrounding country of fine bread, cakes, pies and pretzels, requiring two wagons to supply his customers. Mr. Remsburg was born in Walkersville, Fred- erick Co., Md., Jan. 22. 1862, a son of Edward and Sarah (Pacely) Remsburg, the former a native of Maryland, the latter of France. Both parents are residents of Walkersville, where they live retired, and both are valued members of the Reformed Church. To them were born : Cordelia, who mar- ried Jacob W. Cramer, a farmer near Walkersville ; Lauretta V., widow of John V. Cramer; Amer- icus E., of Fairfax countv, Va. ; Florence J., the wife of Dr. M. E. Leatherman, an eye and ear specialist of Washington, D. C. ; Alice M., wife of Milton Sparr, of Woodsboro, Md. ; Charles D., a druggist of Washington, D. C. ; and Clinton E. Although Clinton E. Remsburg has made a suc- cess as proprietor and manager of the Excelsior Bak- 1040 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ery of Maytown, he was reared on a farm in his na- tive State, where he was educated and remained until he was twenty-two years old. His natural bent was in the direction of a business life, and for two years he was a very successful salesman in the wagon and carriage line, but in 1887 he changed his residence from Walkersville to Marietta, Pa., and for a year was engaged in the leaf tobacco business. Later he saw a better opening in the sign and house painting line, which he followed for five years, coming to May town in December, 1894. Mr. Remsburg has no practical knowledge of the baking business, but he is a capable manager, and understands the needs of the line into which he has entered with such success, hiring the most thorough workmen and using only the very best materials. In this way he has built up a trade second to none out- side of the cities of the State, and his patronage is constantly increasing, as he endeavors, in ev^ery way, to fulfill every demand and keen abreast of the times, in all kinds of substantial and delicate bakery goods. Mr. Rernsburg was married, Dec. 11, 1884, to Miss Alice G. Brenneman, of Frederick, Md., and to this union have been born the following children : Charles R., Elwood, Walter and Robert, the last named deceased. Mrs. Remsburg was born in East Donegal township May 14, 1863, a daughter of John B. and Fanny (Engle) Brenneman; the family re- moved to Frederick, Md., in 1865. In 1885 Mr. Brenneman, with his family, returned to East Done- gal, in 189T rAribving to York, where he is now successfully engaged in the grocery business. Both he and his wife arc consistent members of the Church of God. They have had children as fol- lows : Anna, who married Hon. R. M. Neighbors, an official of the Frederick county, Maryland, Or- phan Asylum ; Lizzie, who married George E. Longenecker, of Philadelphia; Monroe, deceased; Martha, who married William Kellar, foreman in a large mill in Ellicott City, Md. ; Rhoda, who mar- ried E. E. Grove, of Maytown ; Alice G., Mrs. Rems- burg; Ella, who married H. B. Picking, of York; Sallie, deceased : Myra, who married George Anth- rom, a ticket agent for the Pennsylvania Railway Co.; Harry, deceased; Lotta,who married Harry Kochenwawer, of Lancaster; Mary, who married William Kellar, assistant superintendent of the coal mines at Irwin, Pa. ; and Daniel, who assists his father in the store. Both Mr. and Mrs. Remsburg are leading mem- bers of the Reformed Church, and in his political affiliations he is a Republican. Mr. Remsburg oc- cupies a high position in the public esteem, and is universally regarded as one of the substantial and representative citizens of Maytown. CHRISTIAN H. HOOVER. By both his pa- ternal and maternal lines of ancestry Christian H. Hoover, one of the prosperous and influential citi- zens of Paradise township, is the representa- tive of one of the oldest family names in Lancaster county. It was originally spelled Huber, and the pioneer forefathers of Christian H. were known by that name. He is a son of Jacob H. and Annie (Huber) Huber. Christian Huber, his maternal grandfather, was a son of Christian Huber, and was born in Strasburg ■ township, where he passed his entire life as one of the sturdy and prosperous farmers, owner of a prop- erty of 141 acres, located two miles south of the bor- ough. He married Miss Annie Shaub, and to them were born the following named children : Henry S., who was a farmer of Providence township ; Bar- bara, who married first Martin Groff and later Sam- uel Wenger, of Providence township ; Fannie, who is still living, unmarried, at the age of eighty-twO' years, in Strasburg township, with D. E. GrofiE; Martha, who died unmarried ; Maria, wife of Martin Huber, of Willowstreet ; Christiana, who married Henry H. Huber, and removed to Illinois ; Chris- tian, a farmer, who died in Strasburg township ; and Annie, the mother of Christian H. Christian Huber,. the father of the above children, lived to the age of almost seventy years, and his wife reached the age of seventy-two. They were faithful and earnest mem- bers of the Old Mennonite Church. Jacob Huber, the paternal grandfather of Chris- tian H., was born in West Lampeter township, near Big Spring, and remained there engaged as a farm- er until his death, at the age of forty-five years. He married Mary Herr, and to them were born the fol- lowing children : Jacob H., father of Christian H. • Martin, of Willowstreet ; Henry H., who went West and there died ; Eliza, who married Cyrus Zittle, of Lampeter ; and Susan, who is living unmarried, in Lancaster, at the age of sixty-eight years. Jacob H. Floover, father of Christian H., was born in West Lampeter township May 7, 1822. He was reared in his native township and prior to his marriage removed to Strasburg township, where he engaged in agricultural pursuits until his death. He married Miss Annie Huber, who was born in Strasburg township in 1822. Of their eight chil- dren four died in childhood. The survivors are Christian H. ; Amos, a farmer of Sterling, 111. ; Fan- nie, wife of Elias Esbenshade, of Strasburg town- ship ;_and Elias, of Paradise township. The father died in 1895, at the age of seventy-three years, and the mother on Aug. 12, 1896, aged seventy-four. Christian H. Hoover was born Nov. 4, 1842, and was reared on the farm. He received his education in the public schools, and when twenty-three years- of age began his career as an agriculturist in Stras- burg township, where for nine years he farmed on rented property. He then removed to the farm he now owns, which was then the property of Peter Herr, his father-in-law. This farm he continued to operate under lease until 1894, when he purchased the property. It contains ninety-four acres, and is one of the finest farms in Lancaster county. Its im- provements, which are among the best, were made by Mr. Hoover, who has amply evinced that he is BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1041 one of the wide-awake and public-spirited farmers of the county. He does not farm merely as a means of livelihood, nor because that vocation was- nearest to him, but because he likes the work, and it is his fondness and interest in agricultural work that ac- count very largely for his marked success. Mr. Hoover married Miss Martha Herr, who was born March 14, 1839, on the farm they now occupy, daughter of Peter Herr. Mr. and Mrs. Hoover have no children of their own, but have given a home to a nephew, Moris H. Mylin. They are members of the Old Mennonite Church, and their lives, in one of the rich and favored regions of Lancaster county, have been spent in usefulness and value to those about them. They are most highly respected by all who know them. THE REV. SYDNEY KEY EVANS, Rector of St. Paul's Episcopal Church, Manheim, and of Hope Church, Mount Hope, is from an old English family, which has achieved much distinction in Theology, Medicine and Law. He was born at Aberavon, South Wales, Oct. 20, 1873, and is the son of Will- iam and Elizabeth (Key) Evans. With his parents he came to America in 1885, and settled at Scranton, Pa. After graduating from the Scranton high school, in 1800, he finished his preparation for college at the "School of the Lackawanna," Scranton, and in September, 1891, entered Trinity College, Hartford, Conn. Many prizes in Latin, Greek and English, and other college honors, the presidency of his class, the editorship of his college paper and the College Annual, fell to him. At the college commencement, in June, 1895, he delivered the Latin Salutatory, and received the degree of Bachelor of Arts with special honors in Latin, Greek and English. While at col- lege Mr. Evans was a member of the I. K. A., the second oldest college society in America, and at the end of his Junior year his scholarship won him an election to the Phi Beta Kappa Society. In 1898 his Alma Mater conferred upon him the degree of Mas- ter of Arts. In September, 1895, Mr. Evans entered the Gen- eral Theological Seminary, New York, where he pursued his studies with much distinction. At his graduation, in May, 1898, he was one of five in a class of fifty to receive a special degree of Bachelor of Sacred Theology. On June 15, 1898, Mr. Evans was ordained to the Diaconate at St. Luke's Church, Altoona, by the Right Rev. Ethelbert Talbot, D. D., Bishop of Central Pennsylvania; and on Dec. 18, 1898, at his old parish church, St. Luke's, Scranton, he was ordained to the Priesthood by the same Bishop. On July i, 1898, he became curate at St. James' Church, Lancaster, but resigned this charge to assume his present rectorship, on Thanksgiving Day, 1898. Under his devoted care there has been a remarkable spiritual and material development in the churches at Manheim and Mount Hope. It was a happv day for Mr. Evans, when, on St. Luke's Day, 1900,' Hope Church, Mount Hope, was re-opened 66 after a year spent in enlarging and remodeling the church by the addition of a new Chancel, Vestry and ' Porch, with a beautiful stone Altar and Pulpit and Font, and many other memorials, at a cost of over ten thousand dollars, the whole expense being borne by Miss Daisy E. B. Grubb, of Lancaster, in memory of her beloved parents, the late Clement and Mary Brooke Grubb. On Christmas Day, 1902, a splendid Baptistery, with three beautiful memorial windows, were unveiled. The Baptistery is also a gift from the same generous friend of the parish, in memory of her parents. St. Paul's, Manheim, has more than quadrupled its communicant list under its present rector. The parish is now out of debt, has made many improve- ments, and has secured the ground and a goodly sum of money toward a new and larger church building, which has become a necessity. After such success, and with the outlook so promising, it is not strange that the Rev. Mr. Evans has received numerous calls to other and larger fields, but he has laid them all aside in unselfish devotion to his people. And it goes without saying, that his people are devoted to him. SOLOMON R. HERR. Prominent among the representative farmers of Lancaster county residing in Upper Leacock township is Solomon R. Herr. A native son of the county, his whole life has been spent here, carrying agricultural pursuits to the highest perfection, and by a life of industry and in- tegrity, reflecting credit upon a very old and honor- able name in this part of the State. He was born at Bird-in-Hand, in East Lampeter township, Oct. 4, 1858. His paternal grandparents were Benjamin R. and Mary (Rank) Herr. farming people of East Lam- peter township, while on the maternal side of the family he is a grandson of Solomon and Elizabeth (Hoover) Myers, the former of whom was a native of Upper Leacock, and the latter of Earl township, they, too, being wealthy and prominent farmers. Jacob R. and Susannah (Myers) Herr, the par- ents of Solomon R., were natives of Leacock and Upper Leacock townships, the former still residing in his native locality, where he was born March 18, 1828. Since 1891 he has lived retired. The mother of our subject was born Nov. 16, 1828, and died July 24, 1884, her remains now resting in the Myers cemetery in Upper Leacock township. The children born to Jacob R. and Susannah (Myers) Herr were : Benjamin ; Solomon R. ; Martin, who died in in- fancy; Jacob M., deceased, who married Anna C. Shaffer, and died April 30, 1888; Daniel, who died in infancy; Samuel M., a farmer in Paradise town- ship: Elizabeth, who died in infancy; and Abraham M., a farmer in East Lampeter township. Solomon R. Herr was reared on the farm and attended the district schools, assisting his father un- til his marriage, when he took entire charge of the old homestead farm for one year, removing to an- 1042 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY other tract in Upper Leacock township, where he remained for three years. In 1893 he removed to his present most valuable, improved and finely cul- tivated farm where he has continued ever since. On Jan. 10, 1889, Mr. Herr was married to Miss Lydia A. Landis, a representative of one of the oldest and most substantial families in the county. No children have been born to this union. Mrs. Lydia A. (Landis) Herr was born in Upper Leacock town- ship. May 10, 1856, a daughter of Christian R. and Hettie S. (Landis) Landis, of Upper Leacock town- ship. Mr. Landis retired from active farming oper- ations twenty-five years prior to his death, and he was one of the leading and influential citizens of Lan- caster county, being a director in the Lancaster County National Bank; director in the Bridgeport Pike Co. ; poor director ; and prison inspector. He was one of the substantial and consistent supporters of the Mennonite Church of his township, and was the promoter of many religious and moral enterprises in the county. His burial was in Stumptown. His estimable widow, who was born Nov. 2, 1819, died March 22, 1902. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Landis were : Henry L., who died in 1899, married Mary Sechrist ; Abraham L. died Jan. 9, 1842 ; Amos L. died on the same day and was laid away in the same grave; Reuben L. resides with our subject; Adam h., a farmer of East Lampeter township, mar- ried Lavinia Landis ; Milton L., a farmer of Upper Leacock township, married first Mattie Becker, and second Lizzie Becker; and Lydia A. is the wife of our subject. Mr. Herr has always been a Republican in poli- tics. Both he and wife have from youth been mem- bers of the Mennonite Church. They are most highly respected people, are esteemed through the neighborhood, and valued in the Mennonite Church. HENRY B. WOLGEMUTH, who is one of the leading farmers and prominent citizens of Mt. Joy township, belongs particularly to this locality, hav- ing been born on his present farm Oct. 21, 1852, and having made it his home during many years. His parents were Henry and Fanny (Brubaker) Wolgemuth, the former of this township, and the latter a native of Rapho township. Henry Wolgemuth, the father of Henry B., was a farmer in" this township for many years, con- tinuing to manage his land until within four years of his death, the latter event occurring on his farm, Dec. 19, 1885, at the age of fifty-nine years, one month and four days. His burial was on his own land, in a private burial place, sacred to thp family. His widow, who was born in 1834, resides in Mt. Joy township. Mr. Wolgemuth was a member of the River Brethren Church. Their children were: Henry B., who married Lizzie Witmer, is a farmer in Mt. Joy township ; Isaac B. married Sarah Horner, and is a retired farmer at Dallas Center, Iowa ; Dan- iel B. married Maria Shelley, and is a farmer in Rapho township ; Eli B. married Amelia Gantz, and is a farmer in Mt. Joy township ; Fanny B., Eliza- beth B., Abraham B. and Catherine B., died in in- fancy; and Barbara B. died at the age of eleven years. The paternal grandparents of our subject were Daniel and Barbara (Witmer) Wolgemuth, the for- mer of whom was born in Lancaster county, Dec. 13, 1778, and died Sept. 13, 1851; the latter was born April 21, 1789, and died April 4, 1866. Both were buried on the old farm where our subject now re- sides. Grandfather Wolgemuth was a farmer, and both he and family belonged to the River Brethren Church. Their children were as follows : Joseph ; Samuel, who married Barbara Sherrer ; Henry, who became the father of our subject ; Barbara, who mar- ried Jacob Engle; Catherine, who married Henry Heisey; and Nancy, who married Abraham Bru- baker. On the maternal side the grandfather was Henry Brubaker, a native of Lancaster county, whose wife, a member of the Longenecker family, was born in Dauphin county. Both died near Florin, in Rapho township. Henry B. Wolgemuth of this sketch, remained in his childhood home with his parents, until he was prepared to found a home of his own. The succeed- ing five years were spent in operating the farm for himself. He finally left his present farm to his parents and went on an adjoining farm. For seven years he operated a farm in Cumberland county, and after his return to Mt. Joy township, worked on another farm for one year, and then purchased the old farm from his father's estate. Thus Mr. Wolge- muth has had a long and thorough experience, and well deserves his reputation of being one of the lead- ing and reliable agriculturists of the township. He has taken considerable interest in educational mat- ters, and has served very acceptably as school di- rector for six years. In politics he belongs to the Republican party, and he is always well posted on current affairs. On Sept. 28, 1876, in Harrisburg, Pa., Mr. Wolgemuth was married to Miss Lizzie Witmer, and three children have been born to this union, namely : Abraham W., a farmer in Rapho township, married Emma Ober; and Katie F. and Emily A. are at home. Mrs. Wolgemuth was born May i, 1856, daughter of Abraham and Elizabeth (Urich) Witmer, natives of Lancaster county. They moved to Franklin county in 1844, remaining there until 1857, Mrs. Wolgemuth being born there. Later re- moval was' made by the family of Mr. Witmer to Dauphin county, where he died in 1890, at the age of seventy-one years. The mother of Mrs. Wolge- muth died at the latter's home in 1883, at the age of seventy-two years. They were buried in Chambers Hill cemetery, in Dauphin county. Both belonged to the River Brethren Church. The children born to this union were : Fanny C, the widow of Samuel Braham, of Steelton, Pa.; David W., a farmer in Dauphin county ; Abraham W., a farmer in Dauphin county ; and Elizabeth B. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1043 The Wolgemuth family and its connections are all prominent in both agricultural and financial cir- cles in Lancaster county. They also are noted in all the branches for producing estimable women and men who make reliable, law abiding and useful citi- zens. JOHN G. KURTZ, one of the well-known and respected citizens of Lancaster county, who was for many years a resident of East Earl township, and now a resident of B3arl township, belongs to one of the old and honored families of Lancaster county. The first of his American ancestors came from Ger- many. Joseph Kurtz, his father, was born in Earl town- ship, son of Samuel and Barbara (Showalters) Kurtz, the former a farmer in that township. Joseph Kurtz followed farming, and made a name as a thoroughly successful man. He married Mattie Groff, a descendant of Hans GrofF, and a daughter of John Groff, of Earl township. He died in his seventy-ninth year ; his wife died in her fifty-first year. They had three children : Maria, who married John Zimmerman, a resident of Earl township ; Leah, who died young; and John G. They belonged to the Mennonite Church. John G. Kurtz was born Aug. 29, 1834, and was reared on the farm of his birth, and his education was received in the public and boarding schools. When he was twenty-three he located in East Earl town- ship for himself, where he owns the old homestead of 120 acres, and followed farming until his retire- ment in 1883. Always a public-spirited man, he held several of the town offices in his more active days. John G. Kurtz was married to Annie Musser, a daughter of Henry and Anna (Martin) Musser. Seven children blessed this union : Emma, wife of Barton Z. Martin, of East ' Earl township ; Mary, wife of A. G. Giffen, of Buckhannon, W. Va. ; Martha, wife of Weaver Musselman, of Earl town- ship; Martin, a resident of Shillington, Berks , county ; Lizzie, wife of Samuel High, a resident of Earl township ; Clara, wife of W. C. Grube, a resident of Lancaster ; and Viola, wife of H. S. Muntzer, of Leola, West Earl township. WAYNE BARD, v/ho ranks among the prom- inent and substantial farmer citizens of Upper Lea- cock township, was born on the farm adjoining his present place of residence, Dec. 15, 1842, son of George and Caroline (Shindle) Bard. He is a brother to George Bard, one of the prominent citi- zens of the same township. Until his marriage Mr. Bard remained assisting his father on his farm, removing then to another tract, on which he remained for three years, then re- moving to Chester county. There he remained six years, occasionally changing his location, and in 1878 he came to his present fine and well improved property. Mr. Bard was married, in October, 1866, in Lan- caster, to Miss Susannah Weidler, and they have had one son, Nathan W., who conducts a mercantile and grocery business in Wilmington, Del. ; he married Gertie Diamond, and they have three children, Nathan W., Paul F. and Ruth S. Mrs. Bard was born in Manheim, in August, 1846, daughter of Jacob G. and Margaret (Stoner) Weidler, who live in comfortable retirement in Mechanicsburg. Mr. Bard has been a lifelong Democrat and up- holds the principles of his party, believing they are the best for the country. Both himself and wife are consistent members of the Lutheran Church, where they were highly esteemed. JOSEPH WOLF. Among the well-known resi- dents and retired business citizens of Lancaster is Joseph Wolf, who for a number of years carried On a large blacksmi thing establishment, which enjoyed 1 large patronage on account of the .excellent work turned out and the honest and satisfactory methods 2m.ployed. Mr. Wolf was born in Baden, Germany, June 9, 1830. His father was a blacksmith by trade, and died in Baden in 1843, ^t the age of fifty-six years. His widow, Catherine, survived until 185 1, dying at the age of sixty years. Both parents were worthy members of the Catholic Church. Their five children were : E., who died in Germany ; John, who died in Philadelphia; Shaffear, who died in South America ; Catherine, who died in South Amer- ica ; and Joseph, of this sketch. Joseph Wolf attended school in Germany through childhood, but when only thirteen years old entered his brother's blacksmith shop in order to learn the trade. He worked there as a journeyman until 1850, and then emigrated to America, going, for the first few months, to his brother, John, in Philadelphia. He then found work at his trade, which he followed there for twelve years. After coming to Lancaster, he worked through two years for Mr. Nolty, and then for others, but a little later he started into business for himself and continued so engaged until 1897, at which date he retired from active life. Mr. Wolf was very successful and had a high standing among business men. Fraternally he is connected with the I. O. O. F. He is a constant attendant upon the ser- vices of the Reformed Church, and a liberal con- tributor to its support, although he is not formally connected with it as a member. In 1858, in Lancaster, Mr. Wolf was married to Miss Barbara Ressler, and the following children were born to this union: John A., who operates his father's business at the old location, being himself a skilled workman ; Emma L., AHce A., Kate and Ida E., young ladies at home, the last named being a successful teacher and a talented artist; Mary J., widow of George Harm, residing at home ; Barbara E., at home ; Joseph M., a blacksmith also, married to Lizzie Shaffer ; and Miss Bessie, at home. Mrs. Wolf was born Dec. 23, 1837, in Baden, Germany, daughter of Martin and Catherine (Hols- worth) Ressler, of Baden, where their lives were 1044 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY passed. The former was a farmer and he died in 1850, at the age of fifty-five years, while the latter died in 1843, ^t the age of thirty-six years. Their children were as follows : Martin, who died, in Lan- caster; Jacob, who lives in Dauphin county; John, who died in Philadelphia; Mary, widow of George Hulsworth, of Canada ; and Barbara, who became the wife of our subject. Mrs. Wolf and her children belong to the Re- formed Church where they are valued and beloved. Mr. Wolf is a fine example of sturdy, well-preserved manhood and his kind manner and friendly neigh- borliness have made him many warm personal friends. The Wolf home is one of comfort, culture and modern conveniences, and is adorned with speci- mens of the talented daughter's brush. Socially the family is prominent. PHILIP STUMPF (deceased) was for many years a prominent builder in the city of Lancaster and surrounding country, where he enjoyed a high repu- tation both as a tradesman and as an honorable busi- ness man, for his interests never suffered from any lack of ability in either respect. In common with many of the most substantial citizens of this locality, Mr. Stumpf was of German' nativity, having been born Oct. 10, 1844, in Hessen- Darmstadt. He was a son of John and Lena (Frees) Stumpf, also natives of the Fatherland, who followed him to the L^nited States in August, 1865, and settled m Lancaster, Lancaster county. There the father died in 1875, at the age of sixty-six years, but the mother is still living in Lancaster, with her son Jacob since 1868, at the advanced age of over ninety, hav- ing been born May 30, 181 1. She is well preserved, being very active, and possessing a remarkable mem- ory. This worthy couple had children as follows: Adam, who died in Germany ; Philip, mentioned be- low; Mary, deceased wife of Martin Binkley; and Jacob, a successful contractor and builder of Lan- caster. Philip Stumpf passed his early years and received his education in his native land, but he soon decided that his ambition needed another field. On coming to this country, at the age of sixteen years, he made his home in Lancaster, Pa., and was so well satisfied with his location that he passed the remainder of his life there. He gave his entire attention to his trade, that of cabinetmaker, carpenter and builder, and was rewarded by an ample competence, every dollar of which he earned by well directed industry. The fru- gal habits of his race, coupled with honest work and g-ood management of its returns, insured his success, and, what was of far greater value, secured for him an enviable place in the confidence and esteem of his iellowmen. Mr. Stumpf built St. Joseph's Hospital and many other well-known buildings. He was pro- gressive and displayed this spirit in his work as well as in efiforts for advancement in inatters of public and private concern. In 1863, Mr. Stumpf was married in Lancaster, Pa., to Henrietta Fritsch, and this union was blessed with the following named children : John, who was police patrolman two years, then police sergeant of I.ancaster for four years, is now engaged in the hotel business in that city; he married Lizzie Swartz. Mary M. married George Effinger, who is in the hotel business in Lancaster. Charles, who is also in the hotel business in Lancaster, married Mary Utzinger. Miss Rosa lives at home. George has been police ser- geant in Lancaster for the past three years, and re- sides at home. Albert married Florence Pickel ; he is engaged in wall paper and decorating business with his brother Philip. Philip is single and at horne. Harry, a brick layer in Lancaster, married Mary Burgie. Edward, who lives at home, is a cigarmaker by trade. The family are Catholics in religious be- lief, and Philip Stumpf, the father, held member- ship in St. Joseph's Church. He was a fine singer,, and was a member of the local Liederkranz, of which, he served as president. His political support was given to the Republican party. His death occurred at the present home of the family in Lancaster, March 15, 1896, and he is buried in St. Joseph's cemetery. Mrs. Henrietta (Fritsch) Stumpf was born June 26, 1844, in Hessen-Darmstadt, Germany, daughter of .Sebastian and Theresa (Judith) Fritsch, of Hes- sen-Darm.stadt, but who later came to America. Mr. Fritsch was a stone mason by trade. He died in Jan- uary, i8q8, aged eighty years, and his wife, who preceded him to the grave, in 1893, reached the age of seventy-five. They are buried in St. Joseph's cemetery. Their children were : William, deceased ; Henrietta, Mrs. Stumpf; Anna, Mrs. John Snyder, of Lancaster ; Charles, now deceased ; John, a retired resident of Lancaster: Rosa, wife of Jacob Wing- inder, a baker of Lancaster ; George, who carries on a cigar factory in Lancaster; and Frank, deceased. BENJAMIN F. BLEACHER, in his life-time a prominent and respected farmer of East Drumore township, Lancaster county, was born Dec. 18, 1842, a son of Benjamin and Mary (Herr) Bleacher. The father settled on the farm in East Drumore town- ship, where Walter Winters now lives, and became one of the prosperous farmers of this section of the county. To him and his wife were born eight chil- dren, of whom Benjamin F. was the second. The others are mostly living in the West. Benjamin F. Bleacher attended the school at Buck when a boy, and in early manhood enlisted in Co. F, 122nd P. V. L, his regiment being assigned to the 3d Brigade, 13th Army Corps. Mr. Bleacher participated in the battles of Clouds Mill, Va., sec- ond battle of Bull Run, Fredericksburg and Chan- cellorsville. In this last conflict he was wounded by a bayonet in the right leg, and so injured, that he was ordered discharged in February, 1863. In December, 1865, Mr. Beacher was married to Miss Ellen E. Graybill, who was born April 15, 1848, in East Drumore township, a daughter of BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1045 Christian and Mary A. (Young) Graybill. Her father was born in 1808 in Lancaster county, while his wife was born in Northumberland county, the following year. They made their home in East Dru- more township, where he lived until his death, in June, 1889. The wife and mother passed to her re- ward in August, 1879. They left two sons and one daughter : Amos ; Samuel, of York county ; and Mrs. Bleacher. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Bleacher set- tled on a farm in East Drumore township, which has teen the home of the family to the present time. Mr. Bleacher died Feb. 13, 1890, leaving a widow and nine children, as follows: (i) Oliver F., born in September, 1866, located in Philadelphia in his early manhood, where he is engaged in the barber busi- ness : he married Jennie Gamber, and they have three children, Ella, Nellie and Mary. (2) Erastus J., born in January, 1868, is now a resident of the city ■of New York. (3) William H., born in October, 1870, is a farmer and lives in East Drumore town- ship, where he married Sarah Shop, and they have three children, Sarah, Martha and Walter. (4) Benjamin, born in August, 1872, lives in East Dru- more township ; he married Mary Walton, and is the father of three children, Earl, Ira and Alta. (5) Mary E., born in November, 1874, married Walter Graybill, lives with Mrs. Bleacher, and has one •daughter, Ella. (6) Ephraim, born in September, 1876, died when eighteen years old. (7) John, torn in September, .1879, is single, and is a type- writer and phonographer, and helps support the fam- ily at home. (8) Catherine N., born in April, 1883, married Milton Graybill, and has her home in East Drumore township. (9) Samuel A., born Aug. 7, 1888, is at home. Mr. Bleacher was always a Republican, and was a devoted member of the Methodist Church at Mount Hope. He was well known, and widely respected for his many good qualities and his excellent char- acter. AARON B. DEMMY, the leading paper hanger, painter and wall paper merchant of Eliza- hethtown, is a man of extensive business interests, and in addition to his work just mentioned, he is president of the Elizabethtown Electric Light Co. He was born in Mount Joy township, Lancaster ■county, Jan. i, 1850, a son of Christ, and Matilda (Brandt) Demmy, both natives of Lancaster county. Christ. Demmy was a farmer and a shoemaker, and at one time served his community as tax collec- tor. He and his wife were members of the Lutheran Church, and thev died in Mt. Joy township, much respected for their peaceful and industrious lives. Thev were parents of the following children : Har- riet,"^ wife of Emanuel Flowers, of Harrisburg; Fiana, who married, first, Daniel Killian, and after his death Harrison Shultz, a notary public at Eliza- bethtown ; Sarah, wife of William Connely, of Har- risburg; Miss Lavina, a re.sident of Harrisburg; Aaron B.; Miss Tillie B., a resident of Elizabeth- town ; and Lydia, wife of George Smith, a painter of Elizabethtown. The father died in 1883, at the age of seventy-one, and the mother in 1890, at the age of seventy-three ; both were buried in the Mt. Tun- nel Cemetery. The mother was twice married, her first husband being a Mr. Balmer, to whom she bore one child, Fanny., deceased wife of Abraham Shaffer. John Demmy, the father of Christ. Demmy, and the grandfather of Aaron B., was a life-long resident of Lancaster county. Aaron B. Demmy was married, in 1877, in Bain- bridge, Pa., to Miss Fanny Risser, and three children were born to bless this union: Phares, deceased; Lillie R. ; and Ada R. Mrs. Fanny (Risser) Demmy was born in Mt. Joy township Jan. 10, 1854, a daugh- ter of Joseph and Fanny (Nissley) Risser, natives of Lebanon and Lancaster counties, respectively, and both died at their home in Mt. joy township. Her father was a farmer, and died in December, 1896, at the age of seventy-seven years. The mother died in March, 1882, at the age of sixty-four, and their remains are resting in the cemetery connected with Risser's Church. They were members of the Mennonite Church, and were known as thor- oughly honorable and upright people. Mr. and Mrs. Risser have had the following chil- dren: Lizzie, wife of Christian Good, of Conoy township ; Levi, who married Amanda Nissley, and is now deceased; Mary, who married Rev. Levi Ebersole, a Mennonite clergyman in Elizabethtown ; Anna, who married Levi Longenecker ; Fanny ; Jo- seph, a farmer located on the old homestead in Mt. Joy township; Martin, a farmer and minister at Zion's Church; Amanda, wife of Ben Hersh; and Amos, a farmer in ]Mt. Joy township. Mrs. Demmy's paternal grandfather was Peter Risser, of Lancaster county, where he passed his entire life. Her maternal grandfather was Martin Nissley, also of Lancaster county, where his Hfe was passed in agricultural pursuits; his wife's maiden name was Hershey. Aaron B. Demmy remained on the farm with his parents until he reached the age of eighteen years, when he began to learn the painter and paper-hang- ing trade at Harrisburg. When his apprenticeship of three years was over, he came to Elizabethtown, and embarked in business for himself under very favorable auspices, which have been amply fulfilled by the large and profitable trade he has secured. He and his wife are members of the Mennonite Church, and in his political views he harmonizes with the Democrats. Not very long ago in connection with several wise and conservative investors he bought the Elizabethtown Electric light Co., of which he was made president, and which has proved an ex- tremely profitable investment. JONAS L. MINNICH. Among the well- known citizens of East Hempfield township is Jonas L. Minnich, the popular auctioneer of this whole 1046 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY locality, who' was born at Landisville, Lancaster county, July 5, 1858, a son of Simon and Elizabeth Brubaker Minnich. Reared in the village of Landisville, Jonas L. Minnich had the advantages of an excellent educa- tion, and as early as seventeen began his business career by engaging in the raising of tobacco, two years later beginning to show ability in the line of an auctioneer. Although he still continues to farm and owns one of the finest places in the neighborhood, containing 120 acres, he has made a reputation for himself through the whole county as a most capable and successful auctioneer, and much of his time is occupied in this calling, for which he is well fitted, being a genial, pleasant man, with a great fund of anecdote, and a pleasant manner. He has no su- perior in his Une in Lancaster county. Mr. Minnich is one of the progressive and in- telligent stockraisers of the county, also, and has devoted much attention to the improvement of the stock of this section. His active participation in the councils of the Republican party has brought him into prominence in the county, where he is regarded as one of the representative men. Jonas L. Minnich was married on May 4, 1880, to Annie M. Stehman, a daughter of H. H. Stehman, of Millersville, and two children have been born of this union: An infant son, deceased; and Barbara Elizabeth. ELWOOD H. TOWNSEND. One of the rep- resentative farmers of Little Britain township, who owns and operates an estate of 120 acres near Kirks Mills, is Elwood H. Townsend, who is also a worthy representative of one of the old and honored famil- ies of southern Pennsylvania. He was born in that township June 19, 1847, a son of Henry and Sarah (Spencer) Townsend, the former of whom was a son of John and Matilda (Paxton) Townsend, and a grandson of Joseph Townsend, one of the early English settlers of Chester county, Pennsylvania. Henry Townsend was born May 25, 1820, and his only sister was Elizabeth, who married John Bowden. His marriage to Sarah Spencer occurred in 1843, and they reared a family of nine children, namely : Marietta, with whom her mother lives, on the old homestead : Joseph S., who is a farmer in Little Britain township ; Elwood H. ; John P., who has passed away; J. H., who resides in Oxford, Chester county; Annie E., wife of Cecil Stubbs, a farmer of Little Britain township; William, who lives in Chester county; Sarah G., who resides at home; and Harvey, who has passed away. In poli- tics Henry Townsend was one of the stanch Repub- licans of this section, and belonged to the .religious body of Quakers, a man who was highly esteemed for his upright character. Henry Townsend was a man in whom his fellow-citizens could place implicit con- fidence, and he faithfully served them as school di- rector and as supervisor. The family is one which is held in high esteem in Pennsylvania, many of its members having become prominent in educational and philanthropic circles. Elwood H. Townsend was reared on the farm and received his education in the public schools of his neighborhood. His father was an excellent agri- culturist, and by example and precept inculcated lessons of industry and frugality, and the result may be seen in their prosperity. At the death of this honored father on July 26, 1897, he left a cornfort- able competency and large estate, while his children had grown to be respected and substantial members of the community. On Dec. 31, 1868, Elwood H. Townsend was married to Susan Wood, of Little Britain township, a daughter of James and Mercy M. (Carter) Wood (a more extended notice of the Wood family will be found elsewhere in the sketch of Lewis Wood). Five children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Town- send, as follows: James M., born May 19, 1870, married Minerva Pyle, of Fulton township, now de- ceased, and their two children were, — Leroy W. and Jesse W. : Elizabeth, who married Frederick Bick- nell, of Fulton township, was born on Aug. 5, 1871 ; Mercy M., who was born on Nov. 20, 1874, resides at home, as do also Mary E., born Oct. 10, 1878, and Harvey, born Nov. 5, 1883. Mr. Townsend cultivates 120 acres of fine land, raising the usual products of his locality in the great- est abundance, and showing his excellence as an agriculturist in all departments of that line of busi- ness. Like his father he is an ardent Republican, and, while not formally connected with the .Society of Friends, has a leaning toward their simple faith. Socially he is connected with the I. O. O. F., No. 324, of Oxford : and with the order of Jr. O. U. A. M., No. 832. Few men in his locality are held in higher esteem. JOHN S. BRADLEY, a prominent man of Rapho township, was born there July 9, 1847, son of Henry and Esther (Shelley) Bradley. Henry Bradley, the father, was first a carpenter and weaver, but afterward took up farming, which he continued until he retired from active life, in 1852. He died in 1864, at the age of fifty-eight years, and was buried in Rohrer's private cemetery ; Mrs. Bradley died April 22, 1892, at the age of sev- enty-nine years, and is buried in Erisman's Meeting House cemetery. There were born to this union the following children : Samuel S., of Rapho township ; Miss Anna S., of Rapho township ; Abraham S., a retired farmer of Rapho township ; Henry S., for- merly a teacher, and now a tobacco farmer ; Mary S., wife of John M. Metzler, of Rapho township ; John S., subject of this sketch; Catherine S., wife of Levi W. Nissley, farmer and creamery man of Rapho township; Benjamin, of Rapho township; Fanny S., wife of Samuel M. Cober, of Rapho township ; and Barbara and Hettie, both deceased. On Sept. 12, 1872, in Lancaster, John S. Brad- ley married Miss Emma S. Ebright, and there have BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1047 been born to them the following family : Miss Katie E., at home ; John E., a farmer of Rapho, who mar- ried Miss Mary Buch, and has two children ; Henry E., at home ; Franklin E., deceased ; and Morris E., Emma E. and Levi E., all at home. Mrs. Bradley was born Dec. ii, 1849, in Rapho township, daugh- ter of George and Mary (Stauffer) Ebright, of Leb- anon and Lancaster counties, respectively. George Ebright was a school teacher in Lancaster county for many years, and he died at Manheim, Pa., in 1867, at the age of fortv-five years ; his wife died in 185s, and they are buried in the cemetery at Man- heim. Mr. Ebright was a member of the Reformed Church and Mrs. Ebright of the United Brethren Church. To Mr. and Mrs. Ebright were born: Henry, who died at the age of four years ; Emma S., wife of John S. Bradley; Maria, who died at the age of two years ; Kittle A., who died at the age of three years ; Franklin, a resident of Illinois ; and Lizzie, who died in infancy. Mrs. Bradley's paternal grand- parents were Samuel and Ulda (Hoog) Ebright, of Lebanon county. Pa., and the maternal grandpar- ents were John and Polly (Shank) Stauffer, of Lan- caster. John S. Bradley lived with his mother until his marriage, and in 1873 moved to his present farm, where he has since resided. At the age of seven- teen years, after having attended the schools of the county, he began teaching school in connection with his farm duties, and continued this until 1872, when he gave up the profession. In 1879 he was elected assessor of Rapho township, and at every election since, having held the office continuously to the pres- ent time. In 1896 he assisted in organizing the Lawn Mutual Fire, Storm and Lightning Insurance Co., and became its secretary, but did not enter upon the duties of the position until Jan. i, 1897, since which time he has filled the position with marked ability. Mr. Bradley and his wife are members of the United Brethren Church, of which he is steward and a member of the board of trustees. In politics he is a Republican. This gentleman is prominent in business and social circles, and no one stands higher among all classes than he does — an enviable posi- tion which he has gained by his strict integrity and affable manners. JOHN AMMON. Probably the best known man of his years in Salisbury township is John Am- mon, a general farmer and ex-proprietor of "Welch Mountain Inn," the uttermost building in the north- eastern corner of Lancaster county. He was born in Salisbury township May 28, 1844, a son of John and Catherine (Reeser) Ammon, of that township. John Ammon, the father, rented the present farm and the hotel alluded to above in 1852 from Squire Robinson and conducted both for three years, when he purchased them, and continued to operate them until 1864, when he retired, transferring them to his sons, John and Herman H., who managed them un- til 1868, when an elder brother of these, Jacob, took charge and condticted them for three years. The hotel was next rented to various parties who carr ried it on until 1884, when it was finally closed, and John, the son, settled on the farm. John Ammon, Sr., was a son of John Ammon, a native farmer of Lancaster county, and died Jan. 12, 1884, at the age of fifty-nine years; his widow survived until Oct. 17, 1894, when she expired at the age of eighty — their remains being interred side by side in Pequea cemetery. Their children, nine in number, were as follows : Hiram, deceased ; Jacob, a farmer in Ches- ter county; John, the subject proper of this sketch; Elihu D., in the laundry business at Wooster, Ohio ; Herman H., a merchant in Compassville, Pa. ; Will- iam, who died in 1901 ; Bender, also deceased ; Anna N., wife of Jonas Stauffer, a merchant in Reading, Pa. ; and Cecelia, wife of Joshua Hoops, a farmer in Chester county. John Ammon, whose name introduces this bio- graphical notice, was united in matrimony in Salis- bury township, in December, 1873, with Miss Emma J. Marple, who has borne him two children, namely : E. Estella, who still has her home under the parental roof ; and Hurbert S., who died Dec. 23, 1891, aged five years and seven months. Mrs. Emma J. (Mar- ple) Ammon is a native of Salisbury and a daughter of Benjamin M. and Anna (Stroll) Marple. Ben- jamin M. Marple was the proprietor of a tannery, which his father had owned before him, and also operated a saw-mill and was a manufacturer of washing machines and fork and rake-handles. He died in 1876, at the age of sixty- three, and his re^ mains rest in Pequea Church cemetery; his widow, who was born Oct. 28, 1822, now finds a home with the surviving children of the nine of whom she was the mother, viz.: Emma J. (Mrs. Ammon) ; Susan E., wife of Isaac Allison, a resident of Mortonville, Chester county; Edith E., who died in infancy; Serena L., who is married to Samuel Reel, of Coates- ville. Pa. ; Harriet A., Abel N. and David S., de- ceased: Esther, wife of John Hammond, of Com- passville ; and Harriet E., married to Rev. Henry Mower. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Am- mon were Abel M. and Harriet (Mevay) Marple, the former of whom was a tanner and farmer in Salisbury township. The Marple family were very prominent people in their day, and the father of Mrs. Ammon left the impress of his strong individuality on his offspring, who even to this day manifest- in a marked degree traits of his sterling qualities. The Ammon family have also been very prominent in the coimty for generations. John Ammon is held in high esteem throughout Salisbury township, and although very popular with the Democratic party has never sought a public office, yet int'imations have been given him to the effect that his acceptance of nomination at various times as a candidate for township positions would be ac- ceptable to his party, as well as to the general pub- lic, and he has always turned a deaf ear to such solicitations. Mr. Ammon attends the Honey Brook 1048 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Methodist Episcopal Church quite regularly, and although not a member contributes liberally towards its support. HARVEY BRENEMAN LUTZ, one of the younger members of the Lancaster County Bar, with residence in Lancaster, is closely identified with one of the oldest and most noted families of this section of the State. The first of the name in Pennsylvania was Cas- per Lutz, a farmer, who came to America in 1738, locating first at Reading, thence soon afterward re- moving to Muddy Creek, this county. The descent of Harvey B. from Casper Lutz is through John, John (2), Jesse and Joseph K., the two last named being grandfather and father, respectively, of Harvey B. One of the ancestors was a colonel in the Revolu- tion. Grandfather Jesse Lutz was an extensive man- ufacturer of hats in this county, and during the Civil war he also manufactured guns ; he died Jan. i, 1899, aged ninety-four years. At one time he owned the "Black Plorse Hotel" property on North Queen street, Lancaster, a famous old hostelry, well remembered by the older citizens of the city. His wife was a member of the Clan Keith of Scotland, after whom was named the town of Keith in Banff- shire. Joseph K. Lutz, father of Harvey B., in early manhood engaged in mercantile business in Phila- delphia, later owning stores in Fritztown, Berks county, and Blainsport, Lancaster county, finally embarking in the hardware trade at Reading, which he successfully carried on for years. He is now liv- ing retired at Blainsport. In 1868 he married Miss Frances J. Breneman, daughter of John and Mary Breneman, of Donegal, this county. Mr. Breneman died about 1861 ; he was a lineal descendant of Mel- choir Breneman, who came to America in 1717, set- tling in this county, where he took up an extensive land grant from the Penns. To Joseph K. and Frances J. (Breneman) Lutz were born two chil- dren: Trwin B., a druggist in Denver, this county; and Harvey Breneman, who is fully spoken of below. Harvey B. Lutz was born June 26, 1872, at Blainsport, Lancaster county, and was educated in part at the schools of his district and in part at Palatinate College (Myerstown, Pa.), Muhlenburg College (Allentown, Pa.), and Lafayette College (E^ton, Pa.), from which latter institution he was graduated in 1893. Almost immediately after his graduation Mr. Lutz entered the law office of Charles I. Landis, now one of the judges of the courts of I-ancaster county, and was admitted to practice .Sept. 18, 1896. On Oct. 12, 1898, Harvey B. Lutz was married to Miss Mabel O. Russell, daughter of Joseph C. and Teresa Russell, the former of whom is general super- intendent of the National Transit Co., more famil- iarly known as the Standard Pipe Line Co., with offices in Pittsburg and elsewhere, Mr. Russell's chief office being in the Woolworth building, Lan- caster. To Mr. and Mrs.. Lutz have been born two children, Joseph Russell and Kathryn Teresa. Mr. Lutz, while at college, belonged to the Alpha Tau Omega fraternity. Socially he is a member of the Blue Lodge, F. & A. M., of the I. O. O. F., and of the Elks. In politics he is a Republican. The home occupied by the family is an ideal one, pleasantly situated on Marietta avenue, in the western suburbs of the city of Lancaster, and it is noted for the hos- pitality of its inmates. DAVID L. MOYER, a retired farmer of Rapho township, Lancaster county, was born in London- derry township, Lebanon Co., Pa., March 3, 1842, son of Jacob and Barbara (Longenecker) Moyer, of Lebanon county. Jacob Moyer died in 1880, at the age of seventy- seven years, and the mother, in 1885, also at the age of seventy-seven years. They were both buried in private burying grounds on a part of their farm in Lebanon cou.nty. They were members of the Evan- gelical Church. Their children were : Catharine, wife of Cyrus Ruhl, a farmer of Lancaster county; Barbara, widow ot Felix Gingrich, of Lebanon coun- ty; Samuel, a farmer of Dauphin county; Jacob, a retired farmer of Palmyra, Pa. ; Anna, wife of Christ Brandt, a Lebanon county farmer; and David L. Jacob Moyer, the father, was a son of David Moyer, a farmer of Lebanon county. In 1867 David L. Moyer married Miss Fanny Werner, of Lancaster. To this union were born the following children : Jacob, who married Miss Emma Moyer ; Louisa, who became the wife of Aaron Dieffenderfer, a farmer of Mt. Joy, and has three children; and William, who married Miss Katie Minnich, of Penn township. Mrs. Moyer was born in Mt. Joy township, near Elizabethtown, Pa., Aug. 17, 1847,'daughter of Jacob and Fanny (Gib- ble) Werner, of Rapho township. The father, who was born April g, 1819, was a farmer until twenty years prior to his death, which occurred Feb. 22, 1894. Mrs. Werner was born Aug. 6, 1813, and died July 18, 1883, in the faith of the German Bap- tist Church. They are both buried in Chiques Church cemetery. There were born to this mar- riage the following children: William, a farmer of Rapho township ; Fanny, wife of David L- Moyer ; Elizabeth, wife of John Eshleman, of Mt. Joy town- ship ; and Amos, a farmer of Rapho township. Mrs. Moyer's grandparents on her father's side were Peter and Catherine (Shank) Werner, farmers, and her maternal grandparents were Abraham and Bar- bara (Wenger) Gibble, of Lancaster county. David L. Moyer lived on the farm with his par- ents until he was eighteen years old, when he began to learn the wagonmaking trade. He continued at this sort of work for twelve years, and then went to his present home, where he began farming, and where he has since remained. It was in 1865 when he first came to Lancaster county from Lebanon county to work at his trade in Mt. Joy township. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1049 He worked awhile at the wagon trade in Rapho township near his present farm before he took to farming, operating a wagon shop of his own for «!ght years of the twelve that he was in the business. He retired from active work in the spring of 1899. Mr. Moyer has been a school director for three years, and was a director in Mt. Joy township Fire Insurance Co., for three years. He and his wife are members of the Evangelical Church and are prom- inent in its concerns. Mr. Moyer is a Republican in politics, and ever ready to aid the party by action or other means. He is well-to-do in worldly goods and has a high standing in his community for integrity, kind heartedness and progressive ideas. J. FRANK BRUBAKER, a general farmer, and also a surveyor and regulator of New Holland bor- ough, was born in Manheim township, Aug. 28, 185 1, a son of Thompson and Anna L. (Bair) Bru- baker, born in XJpper Leacock and Leacock town- ships, respectively. Thompson Brubaker was a farmer all his days, and died in Earl township, in March, 1900, at the age of seventy-five. At one time he was postmaster at Binkley's Bridge. His widow, who was born .Aug. 8, 1828, is still living in Earl township. She was a member of the Reformed Church, and Mr. Brubaker while not a communicant member, was for years a trustee of Rolands Reformed Church in Earl township. Their children were : Oliver B., James W. and J. Frank. The parents of Thompson Brubaker were Samuel and Elizabeth (Eckert) Bru- baker, farming people of Earl township. The ma- ternal grandparents were Samuel and Sarah (Bru- baker) Bair, both of Lancaster county. J. Frank Brubaker was married in Hummels- town, Pa., in October, 1889, to Ellen C. Numbers, a daughter of Joseph W. and Hannah (Witwer) Numbers : she was born in Derry, Dauphin county, June I, 1864. They have the following children: Edna D., Gerald O. and Mark A. Joseph W. Numbers was married Sept. 25, 1855, to Hannah Witwer, in Lancaster. Soon after mar- riage they moved to Lebanon county, where they settled in 1856. He was a farmer, and died in Man- heim, Pa., in 1881, at the age of sixty-three. His widow resides in Earl township. She was born Oct. 25, 1827, and became the mother of the following family: Clarissa R. married Oliver Brubaker, a farmer of Earl township ; Erastus B. is a farmer of Earl township ; E'dward W. is a farmer of Earl township ; and Ellen C. The maternal grandparents of Mrs. Brubaker were Noah and Mary (Backman) ■Witwer, of Lancaster county. The mother was twice married, her first husband being Peter Diller, by whom she had the following family : Enos O., now a farmer near Sterling, 111. ; Emma E., married to John T. Bair, a farmer of Earl township ; Francis, deceased ; and Ada H., also deceased. J. Frank Brubaker lived at home until 1876, when he went to Indiana where he spent two years work- ing among the farmers, and in the butcher business. Returning to Earl township, he resumed work at home, and farmed until 1900. When his father died he took charge of the family estate and brought it to a settlement. His education was acquired in Millersville Academy, and in 1873 he attended Iron City Commercial College. At the age of twenty-one he attended Academia College, in Juniata county. Pa., where he made a" special study of surveying. For the past four years he has been auditor of Leacock township, and has Ijeen regulator of New Holland borough for the past six years, and had charge of the surveying for the electric road through New Holland. In politics he is a Republican, and holds a prominent place in the community. With his wife and family he belongs to the United Brethren Church. JOSEPH HARNER, one of the leading citi- zens of Lancaster county, is a man of energetic char- acter, who started out in life with very limited means, but who has lived in such an industrious and provi- dent way, that he now is the fortimate owner of one of the fine farms of Martic township, where he is a representative man. The birth of Joseph Harner occurred in Mont- gomery county, Pa., Sept. 24, 1832, the early an- cestors of his parents having come from Germany, although both his father and grandfather were na- tives of Montgomery county, the latter, John Har- ner, having carried on, a" blacksmith business there through life. The parents of Joseph Harner were Joseph and Mary (Slingluff) Harner, the former of whom was both a farmer and a lime manufacturer. A family of seven children was born to Joseph Har- ner and his wife, Mary : John S., who is a retired farmer of Martic township ; George, deceased ; Sam- uel, a retired farmer of this township; Mary Ann, who married Thomas Cully, of Martic township ; Elizabeth, who married J. Harrison Long, of Dru- more township ; Joseph ; and Jesse, a retired farmer, of Drumore township. Joseph Harner was reared on a farm and obtained his excellent education in the common schools, and in reading and associating with the world. Al- though in early life, his means were limited, his am- bition was to become an honorable and substantial citizen, and to this end he has faithfully worked, be- ing now so well placed that he can afford to live a life of ease, and to enjoy the results of former in- dustry. On Dec. 31, 1874, Joseph Harner was married to Miss Rebecca Sides, of Martic township, and one child was born to this union, but it passed away in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Harner have reared an adopted daughter, Emma J., who is now the wife of George Harner, of this township. Mrs. Harner was born Nov. 17, 1839, one of a family of seven children born to Jacob Sides and wife, of Martic township: Grizzell, who married John Kilgore ; Mary, who married Jesse Harner, the 1050 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY brother of Joseph, and is now deceased; Rebecca; Clark ; Jacob ; James ; and Elmyra, who is the wife of Owen Cramer, of this township, the greater num- ber of these having more extended mention else- where. Jacob Sides was of Dutch descent, and his wife Rebecca, was of Irish extraction and one of the descendants of the Neil family. Joseph Harner is a stanch Democrat and actively supports the principles of that party. He has long been a leading member of the Bethesda Methodist Church, to which his wife, adopted daughter and her husband also belong, and they endeavor consistent- ly to practice in their daily life the principles they profess. In the community no residents have a larger circle of warm friends. GEORGE A. KEMPER. The Kemper family, of which George A. Kemper, the reliable and pros- perous hardware merchant of Akron, is a worthy representative, is one of the oldest in Lancaster county. The early records tell that John Henry Kemper, the founder of the family in America, was born in 1696, and sailed from Rotterdam for Phila- delphia in the spring of 1738, in the good ship "Nancy," reaching his destination in the fall of that year. He came to Lancaster county and purchased land on the Conestoga creek and near Akron, in West Earl township, and here was born in 1748, his son David, who became the father of Henry Kemper, the great-grandfather of the subject of this biography. Henry Kemper, his son, was born in 1804, and became the father of Jacob Kemper. Jacob Kemper, one of the highly respected citi- zens of the community, was born March 20, 1824, and died April 25, 1899. He was a successful busi- ness man and prospered in the tinsmith and printer's trades. Starting in the tinsmith business in 1845, he was the pioneer in that line in this section, and he continued in it until 1880, when his son George took the same shop and added to it general hardware. Jacob Kemper was a justice of the peace for. many years, and a notary public, having been appointed first by Gov. Hartranft. He was a member of the Bergstrass Lutheran Church of Ephrata township, of which he was deacon and elder, and for thirty- five years its secretar)' and treasurer. He was buried at Bergstrass Church. In 1847 Jacob Kemper mar- ried Margaret Bentz, daughter of Christian and Sarah (Zartman) Bentz, of Lancaster county. One child, George, was born of this union. Mrs. Kem- per, at the age of seventy-four, is still living, making her home with her son. George A. Kemper was reared in Akron and at- tended the common schools, supplementing this with a course in the Crittenden Commercial College, of Philadelphia, and he entered business life in the printing office in Akron under his father's supervis- ion. At present he conducts one of the most com- plete hardware establishments in this vicinity, and finds time to attend to the duties of a notary public. F'or some time he served as justice of the peace, and is one of the intelligent and active Republicans who exert a great influence in this neighborhood. He has also found time to study civil engineering and is following that profession in connection with his other work. On May 16, 1875, Mr. Kemper was married to Miss Martha Hartman, of Lancaster county, who was born C)ct. 26, 1849, a daughter of David and Maria Hartman. Enjoying the esteem and high regard of the community, Mr. Kemper well may be classed as one of the representative business men of the prosperous borough of Akron. JOSEPH BURKHOLDER. Admirably sit- uated but one mile from the flourishing town of Farmersville, the fine farm of Joseph Burkholder attracts the notice of the public on account of the air of neatness, thrift and prosperity which sur- rounds it. la this pleasant country home Mr. Burk- holder has passed many years, and has become one of the respected and leading citizens of West Earl township. Joseph Burkholder was born on June 8, 1838, a son of Jonas and Catherine (Sowders) Burkholder, the former of whom was one of the substantial farm- ers of the township and a leading member of the Mennonite Church. Eight children were born to Jonas Burkholder and wife: Isaac, deceased; Susan, who married Abraham Martin, deceased : Jacob, a farmer of West Earl township; Elizabeth, who married Samuel Bucher; Samuel, a farmer of West Earl; Joseph, of this biography; Katherine, who married Isaac Hoover, deceased; and Mary, who became the second wife of Isaac Hoover. The name of Burkholder is an old and honored one in the agricultural regions of Lancaster county, Abraham Burkholder, father of Jonas and grand- father of Joseph, having been an early settler in this township. His family numbered nine children: Christian, Abraham, John, Samuel, Katherine, Elizabeth, Annie, Mary and Jonas, the greater num- ber of. whom married and reared families of their own, who are now among the best citizens of the county. Joseph Burkholder received his education in the public schools. He was reared to farm life, and fol- lowing the example of his ancestors, he adopted an agricultural life, which he has most successfully pursued ever since. His farm consists of ninety- two acres of finely improved land, and it also includes a very handsome residence and commodious barns. On Sept. 17, 1865, occurred the marriage of Joseph Burkholder to Miss Emma Powell, of Lea- cock township, who was born in 1849. To this happy union have been born eleven children : John, born in 1866, resides near Lancaster ; Susan, born in 1867, married Benjamin K. Herr; Eliza, born in 1872, married John B. Rupp ; Mary, born in 1873, mar- ried Edwin H. Nolt; Levi, born in 1875, resides in Illinois ; Ida, born in 1877, married Isaac N. Hoover ; BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1051 Cora, born in 1879, is at home ; Annie, born in 1881, IS at home; Katie, born in 1885, is at home; Frank, born m 1887, resides at home; and Ezra, born in 1889, also remains under the home roof. This fam- ily has been carefully reared in the Mennonite faith, and its members are among the most highly es- teemed in this locality. As a" quiet, unassuming and law-abiding citizen, as well as an exemplary man, in every relation of life, Joseph Burkholder may be regarded as a fit representative of the best element of West Earl township. ANDREW H. KREIDER, a respected and suc- cessful farmer of Penn township, is a son of Cor- nelius and Lydia (Hoerner) Kreider, the former of whom was born in Germany and settled in Lancaster county about 1828. For a short time he was em- ployed in work on the railroad, later at a general line of labor, but finally located in Penn township, and continued to be a farmer until the end of his life, his death occurring in January, 1875. In the German Baptist Church he was a consistent and worthy member, and possessed the esteem of all who knew him. His five children were: Andrew, of this sketch; Susan, the wife of Samuel Graybill; Mary, the widow of Francis Meisky ; John, a farmer of Penn township ; and Lizzie, the wife of Lem Forney, of Manheim township. Andrew H. Kreider was born in Penn township, June 26, 1839, and being the eldest son, he remained assisting his father on the home farm until he was twenty-seven years of age. His education was ob- tained in the common schools of his township, and all his life has been spent in agricultural pursuits. In 1875 he bought the farm which he operates, this being situated about two miles south of Manheim; it contains 160 acres, and is justly regarded as one of the finest in this township. Here Mr. Kreider has made extensive improvements, which have increased its attractiveness and comfort, and have also added materially to its former value. The marriage of Mr. Kreider was to Miss Han- nah M. Kolp, a most estimable lady, a member of the Reformed Mennonite Church, and to this union were born four children : Mary, who is the wife of H. B. Bucher, of Clay township; Alice, who is the wife of A. G. Kurtz, a farmer of Penn township; Cornelius, who is a farmer on his father's estate ; and John, who is at home. Mr. Kreider is not only one of Lancaster county's most respected citizens, but also is one of its best farmers and is so recognized. Both he and Mrs. Kreider have many friends and enjoy dispensing hospitality at their beautiful home. JOHN HESS. The Hess family is a numerous one in Lancaster county, where it has been known and honored for many years. A worthy representa- tive of this family in Strasburg township is John Hess, who was born on Aug. 16, 185 1, a son of Ben- jamin and Susan (Leaman) Hess. Benjamin Hess was a son of John and Martha (Musser) Hess, of Providence township, the for- mer of whom was born March 29, 1788, and died Dec. 16, 1842. Benjamin Hess spent his life as a farmer on the old Hess homestead, which is situ- ated between New Providence and Quarryville. His death took place in 1894, his wife, Susan Lea- man, surviving until April i, 1899; both of them had been devout and worthy members of the Old Mennonite Church. Their family consisted of eight children : Emma, who died when but nineteen ; Amos, who passed away in childhood; Joseph, a resident of Strasburg, where he is a farmer and • horse dealer; John, of this biography; Lydia, who died in childhood; Benjamin, who farms on the old homestead in Providence township; Sue, the wife of Will Conner, of Bart township ; and Harry, who was a farmer of Providence township, but died May 15, 1896, in Strasburg township, leaving a widow and one child. Park. John Hess grew to manhood on the home farm, in his youth attending school and also learning the details necessary for success in an agricultural life. Following his marriage, in October, 1877, he moved' upon a farm of seventy-five acres which he had pur- chased, and for four years he operated it, and then sold it and removed to West Lampeter township, locating one-half mile south of Willowstreet upon a farm of 145 acres. For fourteen years he conducted that farm, but after his purchase of his present farm, which contains 142 acres, located but one-half mile northwest of Refton, he moved upon it and here has successfully engaged in general farming. Mr. Hess has his own ideas about farming, and has been very successful. The marriage of Mr. Hess gave to him a most estimable companion. Miss Amelia Witmer, a daugh- ter of A. R. Witmer, of Mountville, West Hempfield township, and five children have been added to the home: Minerva, born Oct. iq, 1879; Howard, born Feb. 8, 1882; May, born Aug. 21, 1884; Harry and Maud, twins, born July 21, 1888. In their pleasant home hospitality abounds, and probably no family in the neighborhood possesses the respect of the com- munity in higher degree than that belonging to John Hess. HENRY H. BOMBERGER, a prosperous farm- er-citizen of Warwick township, is a descendant of one of the oldest settlers of Lancaster county. The first of this family came to this country from Baden, Germany, in 1722, and the land of which our subject now owns a part, was bought by the family from the Penns in 1738 — this purchase comprising 544 acres. John Bomberger, the grandfather of our sub- ject, was born on the old place, Nov. 22, 1780. He was a carpenter by trade, and also cabinetmaker, following these trades with farming all his life, dy- ing Nov. 16, 1861. His wife, Anna, was born in 1787, and died Dec. 6, i86t. They were members of the Old Mennonite Church. Their family con- sisted of children as follows: Christian, deceased. 1052 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the father of otir subject ; Jacob, deceased, who was a farmer ; Maria, wife of David Doner, of Lebanon county; Anna, wife of Jacob Bollinger, of Lincoln, Pa. ; and Elizabeth, wife of Jesse Gibble, of Rapho township, this county. Christian Bomberger was born on the old place, March 5, 1818. His occupation was also that of a furrier, and he followed the same until his death, -which occurred Jan. i, 1898. He married Miss Catherine Hess, who was born in Rothsville in 18 19, iind died in 1875. Both were members of the Old Mennonite Church, in the ministry of which he was ordained and served thirty-five years. They were the parents of eleven children, one of whom died in infancy; Annie, deceased, was the wife of Christian Bucher ; Fannie, deceased, was the wife of David B. Huber ; John H. is farming on part of the old home- stead ; Catherine is the wife of Rev. Henry E. Long- enecker, a Mennonite minister ; Christian H. lives in Warwick township ; Barbara is the wife of Andrew G. Nissley, of Ml. Joy; David H. is a farmer in Elizabeth township ; Martha is the wife of Amos B. Brubaker, of Petersburg, Pa; Amos H. is a miller of Lititz ; and Henry H. is our subject. . Henry H. Bomberger was born on the old place Oct. 24, 1863, and here he has resided ever since, having inherited the homestead at his father's death. He has throughout life given his entire attention to farming interests, and is a very extensive tobacco grower. In politics he is a stanch Republican, and is one of the school directors. As one of the suc- cessful agriculturists of his community, and a man who has shown his ability and public spirit in vari- ous ways, he exerts a marked influence for good in his locality. On Feb. 10, 1887, Mr. Bomberger was united in marriage with Miss Mary S. Huber, daughter of Abraham and Harriet Huber, and to this union have been born five children, as follows : Mazie H., Abram Z., Hattie H., Paul H. and Lloyd H., all at liome. Mr. and Mrs. Bomberger are both merhbers of the old Mennonite Church, and he is superintend- ent of the Sunday school. LEVI LANDES. Among the many substan- tial, retired farmer citizens of Ephrata township, no one possesses in a higher degree the esteem and re- spect of his neighbors than does Levi Landes, who comes of fine old ancestry, dating back to both Switz- erland and to Germany. He was born June 4, 1824, a son of Samuel and Hannah (Mohler) Landes, who were among the wealthiest residents of the township. Thev reared these children: Lydia, who married Israel Myers, deceased; Nancy, who married George Levan, of Lancaster city; Rebecca, single; Hannah, a resident of Ephrata; Catherine, who married Samuel Harley, of Ephrata; Levi, of this sketch ; Simon, who lives in Boston, Mass. ; and Samuel, deceased. Levi Landes was reared on a farm, growing up like manv hundreds of other farmer boys, and at- tended the district schools of Ephrata township. When he started out for himself it was with very limited means, but he has demonstrated the fact that it is possible to accumulate large means honestly and rapidly, by the application of industry and en- ergy. At present Mr. Landes is the fortunate owner of a fine farm in the township, as well as a most com- fortable two-story brick residence, and he is able to enjoy the comforts of life earned by his own efforts. On Dec. 28, 1847, Levi Landes was married to Miss Elizabeth Landes, who was born Feb. 11, 1828, a daughter of Jacob and Magdalena (Wisler) Lan- des, of Ephrata township, and to this union six chil- dren were born: Ezra, born Nov. 6, 1848, died Julv 16, 1881 ; Israel, born July 15, 1851, died Sept. 2i,'i874 ; Levi, Jr., born Jan. i, 1853, resides in Han- over, Pa. ; Jacob, born Nov. 7, 1854 ; Samuel L., born Nov. 14, 1858, resides in Illinois; and Mary Ann, born Aug. 9, i860, resides with her parents. Levi Landes has long been one of the leading members of the German Baptist Church, and is everywhere regarded as a man of exemplary Chris- tian character. His connection has always been with the Republican party, and he is regarded as one of the best of citizens. Both he and his beloved wife are passing their declining years in peace and hap- piness, and they possess the good will of the whole community. JOHN PENNYPACKER, leaf-tobacco mer- chant and packer at Mountville, Lancaster county, was born in Conestoga Centre, same county, Sept. 2, 1845, a son of James and Filena (Yentzer) Pen- nypacker, natives, respectively, of Chester county, Pa., and Conestoga Centre, Lancaster county, but now deceased. James Pennypacker was a small farmer and school teacher, and also a scrivener, writing deeds, etc., for the people of his neighborhood. He died in Conestoga Centre in 1852, when forty-five years old ; his widow died in Mountville in 1896, at the age of eighty-two years. Both were members of the Re- formed Church. To their marriage were born the following named children: Mary A., deceased; Elizabeth, wife of Henry Martin, a merchant in Conestoga Centre; Miss Elvina; Frank, retired; Amos, an iron worker of Conestoga Centre ; John ; Lena, who died young ; and James, a stonemason of Lancaster city. The family is of German extraction. John Pennypacker was reared on a farm until seventeen years old, and then learned the shoemak- er's trade, which he followed until i8go. In 1870, however, he settled in Mountville, and in 1883 en- gaged in his present business of dealing in tobacco. Mr. Pennypacker was joined in marriage in 1869, in Washington borough, Lancaster county, with Martha G. Brady, and to this union have been born the following children, Charles, a school- teacher in York, Pa. ; Elvina, wife of Joseph Hoover, a confectioner in Mountville ; Philena, who died young; and John B., still at home. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 105S Martha (Brady) Pennypacker was born in Manor township, Lancaster county, in August, 1849, a daughter of Charles and Elizabeth (Getz) Brady, natives, respectively, of Hummelstown, Dau- phin county and Lancaster county, both of whom died in Manor township. The father, who was born in 1810, died in August, 1875, and the mother, born in 1810, died in 1861. Mr. Brady was a miller. Both were members of the U. B. Church, and they are buried in Stehman cemetery. Besides Mrs. Penny- packer children as follows were born to Charles and Elizabeth (Getz) Brady : Caroline, who was mar- ried to Amos Harnish, a coachmaker at Harrisburg ; Elizabeth, wife of Chris Frey, a farmer of Manor township; Anna, married to Hiram Wittmer, a farmer in the same township; Mary, deceased wife of Aaron Friday; Barbara, of Indiana, widow of Newton Lewis ; and Samuel, of Manor township. Fraternally John Pennypacker is a member of the I. O. O. F., and politically he is a Republican, under the auspices of which party he served as township tax collector for eight years. He has made his own way through the world, has always been industrious and steady-going, and has so lived as to win the con- fidence and esteem of all who know him, and there are very few in Mountville who do not. In July, 1864, Mr. Pennypacker enlisted in an independent Lancaster troop, P. V. I., for one hundred days, and was mustered out at Plarrisburg, Pa., Oct. 29, 1864. TOBIAS LEAMAN, a retired farmer of Lea- cock township, Lancaster county, was born Sept. 19, 1844, on the farm where he is to be found at the pres- ent time, a son of John and Mary (Landis) Leaman. John Leaman died in Lampeter township in 1882, at the age of seventy-three years ; his wife early pass- ing to her rest, in 1847, at the age of thirty-three years. Both were buried in Mellinger Church ceme- tery. For some nineteen years before his death the father had lived a retired life. In religion they were members of the Mennonite Church. He had been township auditor, and was highly esteemed in the community where his quiet and useful life had passed. Mr. and Mrs. John Leaman were the par- rents of the following family : Benjamin was burned to death in infancy; Elias died in 1891 ; Esther mar- ried Emanuel Denlinger, and died in 1861 ; John L, is a retired farmer, and the subject of a sketch that appears elsewhere; and Tobias. Tobias Leaman and Elizabeth Denlinger were married in Lancaster, Dec. 13, 1864. To them were born ; Ida married Daniel D. Eby, a farmer in Salisbury township, and is the mother of four chil- dren ; Anna married Phares B. Buckwalter, has five children, and lives on the old farm in Leacock township ; Jason died when four years old ; Ella mar- ried J. Frank Denlinger, a farmer in Salisbury town- ship, and is the mother oi one child ; Minnie married Sem Eby, a farmer of Paradise township ; and El- mer D.,'who is a telegraph operator, lives at home. Mrs. Tobias Leaman, who was born in Paradise township in 1842, is a sister of John B. Denlinger, whose sketch appears elsewhere. Mr. Leaman has spent his active life on the old homestead, and is still found on the farm where he was born. In 1881 he built the present comfortable and elegant home in which his family is located. For some years he has given up the active labors of . farming, and has come to an old age of peace and comfort, in which he is well circumstanced, and is regarded as one of the solid and leading farmers of this end of Lancaster county. NOAH G. HESS, a progressive and successful farmer of Rothsville, Lancaster county, is one of the active and intelligent citizens of his neighbor- hood, and is highly respected by all who know him. Mr. Hess comes of good pioneer stock of Lan- caster county. His grandfather, Henry Hess, was born Jan. 17, 1794, and was a farmer and miller all his life. He was a member of the old Mennonite Church. He married Miss Catherine Huber, and they were the parents of thirteen children, as fol- lows: Jacob, Susanna (wife of Isaac Huber), Catherine, Henry, Esther, Fanny, John, Serti, Mar- tin, Levi H., Annie, Jonas and Cothem. Levi H. Hess, the father of our subject, was born Jan. i, 1836. He, too, was a farmer, and followed that occupation until he retired, in 1898. In politics he is a Republican, and he held the office of school director for some time. He is a member of the old Mennonite Church. Mr. Hess married Miss Salinda S. Gross, and to this union were born ten children, namely: Noah G., our subject; Harry G., who died when nine years of age; Martin G., cashier in the Keystone Bank of Manheim; Mary G., wife of Andrew Brubaker ; Levi G., a merchant of Springfield, Mass.; Salinda G., at home; Phares G., a teacher, who is a graduate of the Pennsburg^ School and of Bucknell University; Elam G., at- tending College at Gettysburg; Ammon G., at Colurtibia, this county, employed by the Independ- ent Telephone Company ; and Jerome G., a teacher, still at home. Noah G. Hess, whose name opens this sketch, was born in Penn township, Sept. 7, 1861, and re- ceived his education in the local public schools. He remained at home until he was twenty years of age, when he began life for himself, farming on his father's place for three years. He then moved to Lititz, where he was engaged at various kinds of work, and he was one of the first to start a creamery there, where he remained four years. At the end of that time he purchased the farm at Rothsville, where he now resides, ' and where he has given his entire attention to farming. He has one of the finest farms in Warwick township, and makes a specialty of fruits, such as peaches, pears and plums. Mr. Hess has spent a great amount of money in beautifying his place, and the entire surroundings bespeak thrift and enterprise of the owner. In politics he is in sympathy with the 1054 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Prohibition party, and was one time nominated for poor director. On Nov. 27, 1884, Mr. Hess married Miss Har- riet Becker, and to them has come one child, Carrie B., born Dec. 6, 1887. Mr. and Mrs. Hess are both members of the German Baptist Church. REV. ABRAHAM Z. HESS. The Hess fam- ily enjoys the distinction of being one of the oldest and most respected of the families of the early settlement of Lancaster county. Like many other prominent ones, it originated in the freedom- loving land of Switzerland, and came with a colony of others to that part of Lancaster county, now known as Pequea township. Here Samuel Hess reared a numerous family. In 1734 one of his sons took up 200 acres of land, located one mile east of Lititz — this portion of the county being named Warwick township. A part of this land is owned by Jonas H. Hess, and here is located the old Hess Mennonite Meeting House and the cemetery in con- nection with it, where many of the family lie at rest. From these ancestors came Abraham Hess, who married Elizabeth Musser, the former being born in Pequea township, and the latter in Providence township. Abraham was a son of Michael, and all were farming people who lived worthy, quiet, useful lives, and did their part in the conversion of Lan- caster county into the home of a rich and contented people. To Abraham and Elizabeth (Musser) Hess was born a family of children, one of these being a son, Abraham M., who became the father of our subject. Abraham M. Hess was born Feb. 18, 1829, in Pequea township, Lancaster county, and has lived a long and laborious life, well sustaining the narne and position of an honest and independent farmer. At present he is living retired from active farm- ing, his years giving him an excellent reason for retirement. Abraham M. Hess has been three-times married. By his first marriage one son was born, Emanuel, who is now deceased. His second mar- riage was to Anna Zeigler, who died July 3, 1867, at the age of thirty-three years. She with her hus- band belonged to the Brethren in Christ Church. She was the mother of these children : Conrad, who is engaged in farming on the old homestead; Ben- jamin, a farmer in Fulton township; Abraham Z., of this sketch; Rev. Noah, a farmer in Pequea township; Esli, deceased; Ezra, deceased; and Mattie, who married Paris Engle, of Columbia, Pa. Mr. Hess' third marriage was to Barbara Herr, by whom he had the following children: Anna, the wife of J. G. Mann, a farmer in Manor township ; Enos, a clergyman in the Brethren in Christ church, also a professor in the Pennsylvania State College in Center county. Pa. ; and Miss Elizabeth, at home. The maternal grandfather of Rev. Mr. Hess was Conrad Zeigler, a highly respected resident of the township of East Donegal ; his nephew. Dr. Zeigler, of Mt. Joy, Pa., occupies a prominent position. Rev. Abraham Z. Hess was reared on his par- ents' farm and when he reached the age of twenty years, married and moved to East Donegal, leasing his father-in-law's farm, which he operated a num- ber of years. Later he bought the property, and has been engaged in its cultivation until the pres- ent time. The farm contains eighty-eight acres, and it shows thorough cultivation and most care- ful management. Mr. Hess took up carpentering in 1888, and has worked in that line also to some extent. On Dec' 2, 1879, Rev. Mr. Hess was married, in East Donegal, to Elizabeth M. Musser, and to this union have been born these children : Anna M. ; Martha M., who died young; Abraham M.; Mary M. ; Katie M. ; Henry M. ; Barbara M. and Benjamin M. Mrs. Hess was born in East Done- gal township, daughter of Michael B. and Cath- erine (Musser) Musser, both residents of East Don- egal township. Mr. Hess is a minister of the Brethren in Christ Church, and is counted one of the strong men of its clergy. Its preachers and pastors are expected to sustain themselves as do other men by the work of their hands, and he is no exception to the rule, an honorable and hard-working man, with high ideals and a sincere devotion to the faith in which he was bred. In 1894 he was ordained a minister, and his subsequent career has justified the action of the church to an unusual degree. An industrious as well as a thrifty man, he works hard at his man- ual labor, and brings to the pulpit the inspiring en- thusiasm of a soul that feels the deep realities of re- ligion. JOSEPH N. RISSER, a general farmer and also a painter in Mt. Joy township, was born Oct. 15, 1856, son of Joseph and Fanny (Nissley) Ris- ser, the former of whom was born in Lebanon coun- ty and the latter in Mt. Joy, Lancaster county. The father of Mr. Risser moved to the farm which the latter now occupies in 1886, and there he died Dec. i, 1896. The mother died on her old homestead in January, 1885, aged sixty-three years, the father living to be seventy-five. They were members of the Old Mennonite Church, and were buried in Risser's Meeting House cemetery, in Mt. Joy township. They reared a goodly family, as fol- lows: Elizabeth, who married Christian Good, a farmer in West Donegal township; Mary N., who married Rev. Levi Ebersole, a retired farmer, in Elizabethtown ; Levi N., deceased, who married Amanda Nissley, and she now lives in Elizabeth- town; Anna N., deceased,, wife of, Levi Longe- necker ; Fanny N., who married Aaron Demmy, of Elizabethtown ; Joseph N. ; Rev. Martin H., a farm- er on the old homestead and a preacher in Zion Church, who married Fanny Hosier; Amanda N., who married Benjamin Hersh, of East Donegal BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1055 township ; and Amos N., a farmer of Mt. Joy town- ship, who married Emma Lehman. Joseph N. Risser came with his father in 1886 to the present farm, which is a well cultivated tract of twenty-two acres, and here he has resided ever since. In politics he is a Republican. He is a consistent member of the German Baptist Church, and one of the most respected men in this locality. In connection with his farming, he follows his trade as painter. On Oct. 23, 1888, in Mt. Joy, township, Mr. Risser was married to Miss Lizzie S. Stauffer, and four children have been born to this union, namely : James S., Fanny S., Ivan S. and Herman S. Mrs. Risser was born June 20, 1864, in Mt. Joy town- ship, near Milton Grove, where her parents, John G. and Maria W. (Shelly) Stauffer, still reside. Both Mr. and Mrs. Risser have a wide circle of attached friends, and both are most highly esteemed in the community. JOHN S. WOLF, a well-to-do agriculturist of Warwick township, has passed all his life on the fine farm he owns and occupies, having been born there Sept. 9, 1850, in the house which is still his home. Mr. Wolf is a member of one of the oldest famil- ies of this section, his grandfather, Jacob Wolf, hav- ing been born in 1779, in Ephrata township, about a half mile from the place where our subject now re- sides. He was a farmer and followed that calling exclusively until his death, which occurred in 1823. He married Miss Catherine Landis, and they were the parents of seven children; Samuel, who was a farmer in early life, was Station Agent at Akron, and also a coal and lumber dealer ; George, a farmer ; Jacob, a miller ; Sarah, wife of Daniel Bard ; Eliza- beth, wife of Samuel Landis ; Lydia, wife of Abra- ham Zook ; and Henry. Henry Wolf, the father of our subject, was born in the old Wolf homestead in Ephrata township Nov. 10, 1820. He was reared to farming, and gave his entire attention to that occupation until his re- tirement in 1873. He died June i, 1893. Mr. Wolf was successful in his business affairs, and was a di- rector in the Lincoln Bank for some years. He mar- ried Miss Lavina Sheaflfer, and they had two chil- dren : Elizabeth A., wife of Harry R. Erb, of War- wick township ; and John S., whose name opens this sketch. John S. Wolf was educated in the local common schools and at the State Normal at Millersville. In 1873 he commenced farming on his own account on the place where he was born, and has given his entire attention to agricultural pursuits, in which he has met with the substantial success he has well deserved. He has been a director in the Lincoln National Bank, for the past ten or twelve years, and he is regarded as a reliable business man by all who have had dealings with him. In 1874, Mr. Wolf wedded Miss Lizzie W. Rupp, daughter of Abram and Anna Rupp, and to this union have been born four children : Bertha, who is the wife of Grabill G. Minnich; Henry Arthur, who died May 6, 1901, aged twenty years and nine months; and Anna R. and Mabel R. are at home. Mr. and Mrs. Wolf are both members of the United Evangelical Church, and he is a member of the board of trustees of that congregation. He occupies high place in the esteem of his fellow citizens, and as one of the progressive and public spirited citizens of his locality, is regarded with respect by all who know him. FRANK A. RIEKER has been a resident of Lancaster for thirty-five years, during which period, he has proved his interest in his adopted home in many substantial ways. In building up the industry with which he has for so many years been actively identified; he aided materially in the growth and pros- perity of the city, where he has ranked high among the successful business men of his generation. Mr. Rieker is a native of Germany, born March 10, 1844, in Wurtemberg, and his father, John Rieker, passed his entire life in that country. He was a farmer by occupation. John Rieker married Anna Lechleitner, a native of Wurtemberg, whose father, Jacob Lechleitner, was an Austrian, born in the Tyrol. After his settlement in Wurtemberg, Mr. Lechleitner engaged in the hotel business and farming. Mr. and Mrs. Rieker had eight children who grew to maturity, and seven still survive. Frank A. is the only member of the family that came to America. He lived with his parents up to the age of thirteen years, when he was apprenticed to learn the trade of brewer, working three years with his maternal uncle, a large brewer of Esslingen. For some time following he traveled — as is the custom among journeymen in the Fatherland — visiting dif- ferent parts of his native land, France, Switzerland, Italy, Austria and other countries. In 1863 Mr. Rieker came to the United States, sailing from Ham- burg, and for a year after his arrival in this country, he worked in New York City. His next location was in Philadelphia, where he was employed two years, and in 1867 he was engaged as foreman in Frank's Brewery, in Lancaster, in which position he remained another two years. He was also in the employ of Joseph Wacker, in the same line, for two years, be- fore starting out in business on his own account. For a short period he carried on a brewery in Colum- bia, Lancaster county, and then returning to Lancas- ter became a partner in the firm of Sheid, Gertz & Co., who conducted the Lion Brewery. Subsequently, for one year, he rented the plant, in connection with Messrs. Struble & Co., and at the expiration of that time became sole proprietor of what is now known as the Star Brewery, and which he has developed into one of the finest and most complete establish- ments of the kind in the State. He rebuilt and greatly enlarged the old plant, until its capacity was 12,000 barrels per year. He erected his new brewery on modern principles, and equipped it with every de- 1056 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY vice and improvement known to the business, includ- ing up-to-date ice machines, electric plants, etc. The present capacity of the establishment is 45,000 to 50,000 barrels per year, and the sales from 30,000 to 35,000 barrels. The brewery, a building five stories m height, and a block in depth, is located on West King street, First street and Rieker aveune. There are three storage houses, engine and boiler room, in addition to the main building. The principal building was erected in 1892, at a cost of $95,000, and further improvements have been made at an expense of $30,000, the plant now covering an area of one and one-half acres. Employment is given to forty- two. In the long and successful conduct of the Star Brewery Mr. Rieker accumulated a handsome com- IDetency, the result of the practical application of those qualities characteristic of his nationality — per- severance, industry, honesty and thoroughness in every detail. Good judgment and executive ability, combined with an intelligent knowledge of both the commercial and industrial departments of his busi- ness, completed an equipment not to be despised, and which has stood the test of long years of competi- tion, in a day when progress must be matched with progress, if one would succeed. In 1868 Mr, Rieker married Cressentia Harmanh, who was born in Lancaster, daughter of John Har- mann. Six children have come to this union : Frank J., Annie M. (wife of Robert Ramsgate, a diamond broker of New York City), Mary, Charles, Harry and Ralph. The pleasant family home is at No. 606 King street. Mr. Rieker is a member of St. Joseph's Catholic Church, and fraternally affiliates with the B. P. O. E. He is independent in politics. Frank J. Rieker, who since 1897 has been man- ager of the Star Brewery, is one of the most popular young men in Lancaster. He was educated in the common schools and Weidler's Commercial School. On Oct. 19, 1893, he married Katie E. Ganse, of Lan- caster, daughter of Henry and Elizabeth E. Ganse. Politically Mr. Rieker is a' Democrat, and he is chair- man of the Democratic countv committee. Socially he belongs to the Elks ; the Fraternal Order of Eagles, of which he is trustee and D. D. G. P. ; and to the Knights of Pythias, of which he is also trustee. JOHN H. GAMBERLING, one of the Pennsyl- vania Railroad Company's most competent engineers, with his residence in Columbia, was born in Bain- bridge, Lancaster county, March 14, 1854, and is a son of Charles and Susannah (Cowder) Gamberling, natives of Maryland, and Lancaster county. Pa., respectively. Charles Gamberling came to Lancaster county when a young man, was a painter by trade, and was married in Bainbridge. His death there took place in 1880, at the age of eighty-two years, and that of his widow, in 1890, at sixty-nine years of age, both being members of the Lutheran Church. Their chil- dren were born and named in the following order : Barbara, wife of Henry Machin, a farmer in Bain- bridge ; Susan, widow of Joseph Poulton, of Harris- burg : Philip, Simon and Ella, deceased ; and John H. Philip Gamberling, father of Charles, was born in England, and his family name was in reality Chamberlain, but was changed after his arrival in America. He was a butcher and first settled in Havre de Grace, Md., where he carried on his business until driven off by the French, who fired his home. He then came to Harrisburg, Pa., where he and his wife passed the remainder of their days. Philip Cowder and his wife, maternal grandparents of John H. Gamberling, were natives of Germany; the father was a carpenter by trade, and both he and his wife died in Bainbridge, Pa., of which place they were early settlers. John H. Gamberling attended school in Bain- bridge, Pa., until eighteen years old. He then went to Churchville, Pa., and served one year at coach- making; his employers running out of work, he re- turned to Bainbridge, finished learning the trade with Henry Faus, and remained with him five years and a half, in all. Mr. Gamberling next went to Mount Wolf, York county, and for eighteen months car- ried on business on his own account; he next went to Steelton, Dauphin county, and was employed four years as a carpenter by the Steel Company ; in 1880 he came to Columbia, served nine months as brake- man on the railroad, then eleven years as fireman and • was then promoted to his present position of engineer. In Columbia, in 1878, Mr. Gamberling married Miss Percilla Dohner, who was born in White Oak, Lancaster county, Sept. 8, 1857, and is a daughter of Abraham and Eliza (Diehm) Dohner. To Mr. and Mrs. Gamberling have been born four children, named as follows: Carrie, Orpha, Charles D., and Margaret. The family attend the German Reformed Church and are greatly respected by all who know them. Mr. Gamberling is a member of the B. L. of F., and B. L. E. In politics he is a Democrat. JONATHAN M. WILSON, a prominent far- mer of Little Britain township, was born June 22, 1840, and is a son of Needham and Jane (Patterson) Wilson, both of Little Britain township. Grandfather Benjamin Wilson was of English origin and married Anna Sidwell, whose ancestors were Scotch-Irish. They were early settlers in Lancaster county, and consistent members of the Society of Friends. Needham Wilson, son of Benjamin and father of J. M., of Little Britain township, was born May I5> 1797. ^inc! di'sd Sept. 22, 1872, while his wife was born May 10, 1797, married Nov. 26, 1826, and died Sept. 7, 1890, at the age of ninety-four years. Their children were: Dorestus, a farmer, in Chester county; Sidwell, deceased; Silvia A., who married George Bockius, deceased; Dr. Needham, a physi- cian in Philadelphia ; and Jonathan M. _ Jonathan M. Wilson was born in a log cabin in this township, a relic of pioneer days, and obtained • BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1057 his education in the public schools. His tastes have made him an excellent farmer and his well-cultivated and finely improved estate is one of the most valuable in this locality. His land consists of lOO acres of great fertility, and attractiveness, where a general line of farming is carried on, the most approved methods and machinery being employed. Mr. Wilson was married Feb. i8, 1869, to Miss Rebecca E. Rummer, of Little Britain township. She was born June 14, 1843, and was one in a family of seven children: William, deceased; Rebecca E., who is Mrs. Wilson; George W., of Little Britain; Rachel, who is the wife of Ervan Hill, of Cecil county, Md. ; Taylor, of this township ; John R., of Drumore township ; and Emma, the wife of Andrew Jackson, whose sketch appears in this volume. Grandfather William Rummer came of Dutch stock, and was one of the old settlers in his part of the county. The parents of Mrs. Wilson were Samuel and Annie M. (Pierce) Rummer, of Cecil county, Md. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Wilson were : Sanders, who is a penman, and who lives near Har- risburg. Pa. ; Malinda, married ; Margaret, residing at home, one of the leading teachers of music in this county, a lady of high attainments, and the graduate of several schools of music ; Anna J., a valued teacher in this county, a lady of culture, refinement and edu- cation, who graduated from the Millersville Normal School at the age of seventeen ; Elnora and Harriet, who died young, Mr. Wilson is one of the leading citizens of this county, a member of the Democratic party, and one of the supporters of the Little Britain Presbyterian Church, of which he and family are consistent mem- bers. This is a very intellectual family and stands high in the esteem of the neighborhood. A. JACKSON HARRAR, a successful and noted farmer of Colerain township, Lancaster coun- ty, v/as born in the township where he has passed his useful and industrious life, Oct. 13, 1844, his par- ents being Miller and Margaret (Galbraith) Harrar. Miller Harrar was born in Delaware, in April, 1S17, and his wife Margaret, in Colerain township, in 1821, a daughter of William Galbraith, a native of Ireland, and a farmer in Colerain township in his later years. Miller Harrar was the son of Daniel and Mar- ■garet (Miller) Harrar, who came into Lancaster county from Montgomery county, after living for a time in Delaware. In j'823 they settled on a farm in Colerain township, their farm now being part of the place occupied by A. Jackson Harrar. They lived and died on the borne farm, the father dying in 1865, and his widow in 1868. They had three sons and two daughters, (i) William, who married Isabelle Galbraith, a sister to the mother of A. Jackson Har- rar, settled on a farm in Colerain township, where he lived and died, leaving one son, Daniel, who still lives on his father's farm, (2) Daniel married 67 Isabella Harrar, a daughter of Jesse Harrar, and settled on the old Harrar homestead until 1861. That year he bought the old Joseph Harrar farm, adjoin- ing the one on which he had been living. Here he lived until 1893, when he bought a farm in Delaware,, where he died leaving a widow and four daughters, who are residents of Chester county. (3) Lydia A., born in Lancaster county, died unmarried some years ago. (4) Margaret J., a young lady, died at the home in Colerain township. (5) Miller. Miller Harrar received a somewhat limited edu- cation in the subscription schools of the time, and re- mained under the parental roof until he reached ma- turity. During his youthful days he learned the mill- wright trade, but he never followed it as a business. In 1843 he married Maggie Galbraith, and located on the old homestead, to which he added very substan- tial improvements, making this his home until his death, in Feb., 1888. His wife passed to her rest in 1886, They were members of the Baptist Church, and the Harrars were among the founders of the first Baptist Church in Colerain township. They were all Jacksonian Democrats. They were the par- ents of two sons and a daughter. A. J. was the eldest son. Francis Marion, born in August, 1849, was a student in the home schools, where he received a fair education, and married Miss Abbie Keehn, a daughter of Samuel and Rebecca Keehn, of Dru- more township. They moved in with the parents at the old home. After the death of the father, the farm was divided between Marion and A, J. Harrar, the- latter keeping the old home for his residence. Marion died in May, 1896, leaving a widow, his son Earnest having died nearly two years before. The widow has since married Thomas Cassidy. Ida, the daughter of Miller Harrar, died in childhood. A. Jackson Harrar, whose name introduces this article, received the benefits of the district school, and remained at home as long as his parents lived. For several years before his father's death he had the management of the farm in his own hands. Mr. Harrar was married in Nov., 1867, to Miss Phoebe Lovett, the daughter of Patterson and Mary Lovett, of Lancaster county. Mrs. Harrar was born and reared in East Drumore township, and died at the old Harrar homestead in May, 1888, leaving one son, Ellwood A., who was born in Aug., 1868, and was educated in the home schools. For several years he was bookkeeper in a Philadelphia house. In 1896 he entered the Theological Seminary at Chester, Delaware county, from which he was grad- uated in T899. He was given charge of a mission in the Baptist Church, and the same year he was ordained and installed as pastor o± the Alpha Bap- tist Church, of Philadelphia. Miss Lillian Jeffries, who became his wife, was born in Philadelphia. They have one son, Norman Jackson. A. Jackson Harrar was married to his second wife, Miss Ida Keehn, a daughter of Samuel and Re- becca Keehn, in May, 1889. Mrs. Harrar was born- Aug. 9, 1859, and received her education in the Union 1058 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY High School. She became the mother of one child, who died when very young. Mr. Harrar built a fine house and barn in 1889, and put his farm in good order. He is a fancier of good horse flesh, and has one of the finest norses in Colerain township. Both Mr. and Mrs. Harrar be- long to the Baptist Church, where he has been trustee, treasurer and clerk, and an active worker for many years. In politics he is a Prohibitionist, and has been tax collector of Colerain township. Mr. Harrar is agent for the Agricultural Mutual Fire Insurance Company, of Lancaster county, and be- longs to Lodge No. 544, I. O. O. F., at Kirkwood, in which he has filled all the chairs except that of treasurer. For several years he has filled the chair of financial secretary. JOSEPH DENNISON, of Columbia, Pa., is one of the most reliable engineers in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railway Company. He was born in Conoy township, Lancaster county, in a log house, March 13, 185 1, and is a son of John and Susan (Brubaker) Dennison, natives of West Donegal and Conoy townships, respectively, the former of whom died on the home farm in 1893, at the age of sixty- six years, his remains being interred at Falmouth; the latter is still living on the old homestead at sev- enty-four years of age. The children born to these parents, five in number, were named as follows : Amanda, at home ; Joseph ; Sidney, at home ; Anna, . wife of Dr. Frank Hinkle, of Columbia ; and John, of Bridgeport, Pa. The paternal grandfather of Joseph Dennison, Andrew, was born in Lancaster county. Pa., but died on his farm in Illinois. The maternal grandparents were David and Rachel (Brooks) Brubaker, the former of whom was an old tax collector of Lancaster county ; of the Brubaker family an interesting sketch will be found elsewhere. Joseph Dennison lived on the parental farm until thirty years of age and then came to Columbia, and entered the employ of the Pennsylvania Railway Company, as fireman, in which capacity he served .nine years and four months, when, for his faithful- ness and attention to duty, he was promoted to en- gineer. Joseph Dennison was united in marriage, in Bainbridge, Lancaster county, Dec. 24, 1872, with Miss Eliza Dohner, who has borne him three children, Norman, Abraham and Clement, the latter deceased. Mrs. Eliza (Dohner) Dennison is also a native of Lancaster county, and was born Aug. 5, 1851, daugh- ter of Abraham and Eliza (Diehm) Dohner, of Penn township. Abraham Dohner was a carpenter in his early manhood, but in his latter years was a farmer in Conov township, and died on his farm in February, 1874, when fifty-six years old. Mrs. Eliza (Diehm) Dohner now makes her home with Mr. Dennison at Columbia. She was born Sept. 5, 1820, and is a consistent member of the Reformed Church. Her six children were named, in order of birth, as fol- lows : Eli, who is a farmer in West Hempfield town- ship ; Sarah and Anna M., who died young ; Eliza, now Mrs. Joseph Dennison; Emaline, wife of Sam- uel K. Miller, a railroad conductor residing in Co- lumbia ; and Priscilla, wife of John H. Gamberling, of the same borough. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Eliza (Doh- ner) Dennison were born in Lebanon county, Pa., were agricultural people, and early settled in Lancas- ter county. Her maternal granaparents, John and Sarah (Seidsinger) Diehm, were respectively na- tives of Lititz, Lancaster county, and Berks county, Pa. John Diehm was a farmer and died on his homestead in Lancaster county in 1873, when sev- enty-seven years old ; his wife had preceded him to the grave in 1867. They were the parents of five children, viz. : Eliza, mother of Mrs. Dennison ; Leonard, deceased ; Sarah, wife of David Smith, of Penn township; Harry, a retired railroad man of Middletown, Pa.; and Priscilla, deceased wife of Christ Ebersole. Michael and Margaret Seidsinger, maternal great-grandparents, came from Berks to Lancaster county at a very early day. Joseph Dennison is a member of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, and of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen. He belongs to the Reformed Church. He is a Democrat in politics, but has never been an office seeker. He has always been attentive to his duties as a railroad man, has won the confi- dence of his company, and has also gained the un- feigned respect of all his neighbors. JAMIiS C. LEISEY, an efficient and popular conductor on the Pennsylvania Railroad, with his residence at Columbia, was born in Cocalico town- ship, Lancaster county, Feb. 25, 1853. His parents, Frank and Barbara (Zell) Leisey, were also natives of Lancaster county. The former worked at farming in the proper season and at other times at broom- making, and such other work as he could tvirn his hand to with profit. To his marriage with Miss Zell were born : Martin, a cigar manufacturer at Lititz ; James C. ; Frank, a mechanic at Lancaster City ; Emma, wife of Albert Book, of Neffsville, Pa. ; Alice, married to Milton Long, of Lancaster ; Sarah, of Akron, Pa. ; Reuben, a painter in Witmer, this county ; and Allen, a farmer, also of Lancaster coimty. Frank Leisey, the father, died Nov. 14, 1898, at the age of seventy-two years, his wife hav- ing died eighteen years before, at the age of fifty- three ; they were members of the Lutheran Church, and their remains were interred at Reamstowii. The paternal grandfather of James C. Leisey was Joseph Leisey, a farmer of Lancaster county, and his maternal grandparents were Nicholas and Barbara (Keel) Zell, of the same county, and also agricultural people of English extraction. James C. Leisey worked about on farms until fourteen years of age and then learned cigar- making, a trade he followed for eleven years ; he was then employed as brakeman on the Pennsylvania Railroad for a year and a half, when he returned BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1059 to farming for two years and then again to tlie rail- toad unti^l July, 1884 ; he was next a flagman until March 28, 1898, when he was promoted to his pres- ent position as conductor. May 5, 1879, Mr. Leisey was united in matrimony with Miss Ella Keinard in Lancaster. This marriage has been blessed with ten children, born in the follow- ing order : Ira, Minnie, Arabella, Oscar (deceased), Leon, p-erman, Raymond, Ola, May and Dora Ellen, all the survivors still having their home with the parents. Mrs. Ella (Keinard) Leisev was born in York county, Jan. 5, 1858, and is a daughter of Michael and Mary A. (Bellinger) Keinard, farming people, who had born to them the following family : Randolph, a farmer in York county ; Elizabeth, de- ceased wife of John Kaufman; Anna M., deceased wife of John Quail ; Aaron, also deceased ; Catherine, wife of Peter Resline, farmer of York county; Martha, married to Howard Auble, of Wrights- ville. Pa. ; Caroline, wife of Harry Kramer, of Har- risburg; Louise, Henry, Milton and Emma, all de- ceased; and Ella. The mother of this large family died Jan. 10, 1871, at the age of fifty-five years, and the father in Nov., 1874, aged fifty-eight, both de- voted members of the Evangelical Church. Mr. Leisey in politics is a Democrat and as a citizen is greatly respected by the residents of Colum- bia generally. CLIFFORD COOK, one of the leading farmers of Little Britain township, was born July 23, 1858, a son of Reuben and Deborah (Brown) Cook, the former of whom was born in Fulton township in 1818, and died on the old home place Feb. 10, 1889. Reuben Cook was a son of William Cook, who was born in Lancaster county, although the family originated in Wales. It has long been one of the most honorable among the old and established families of southern Lancaster county. By marriage it is con- nected with many of the names well known for many years in this part of the state. The children born to William Cook were: Clarkson; Allen; Mercy, who married Mark Haines ; Ruth Ann, who married Warrick Coats; and Reuben, the father of Clifford Cook, of this sketch. The mother of Mr. Cook wa;s a daughter of Hon. Jeremiah Brown, who was a prominent member of the bar, a judge, a member of Congress and one of the leading citizens of Lancaster county. She was born in Fulton township, in 1822, and still survives and makes her home with her daughter, Mrs. R. H. Archer, of Philadelphia. She was married to Reuben Cook about 1839, and the following children were born to them : ' Kersey, who resides in Jefferson Citv, Mo. ; Howard, deceased, who was a captain in the Union army during the Civil war, and at the time of his death was a prominent physician in Omaha, Neb.; Walter B., who is a bookkeeper at the Broad street station -of the Pennsylvania Rail- road, at Philadelphia, and who was for fifteen years in the employ of the Union Pacific Railroad, at Omaha, Neb. ; Millard, who spent the greater part of his life in Kansas and Nebraska, but died at the old home, in Sept., 1901 ; Myron, who is a farmer in Labette county, Kansas; Clifford, of this sketch; Annie M., who is in the employ of Dr. Kelly's private institute, in Baltimore, Md. ; and Alice B., who is the wife of R. H. Archer, of Philadelphia. During life Reuben Cook was a very prominent farmer in his locality, and was a man esteemed throughout the community. The early education of Clifford Cook was ac- quired in the public schools of his neighborhood, and he grew up on the farm, learning practical agri- culture. Although he has now a fine farm, of 150 acres, with a most comfortable residence and one of the most capacious barns in this township, he has been industrious and frugal all his life, and has earned his substantial position in the county. His land under his wise management and careful and in- telligent methods, produces abundant crops in all the products of this section. The marriage of Mr. Cook was on Dec. '2, 1888, to Mrs. Helen E. Mearns, the widow of J. A. Mearns, and the daughter of Joseph T. and Mary A. (Alexander) England, natives of Cecil county, Md. She was born Dec. 2, 1855, and was one of a family of three children, the others being Joseph and Isaac H., both of whom reside in Zion, Md. The children born to Clifford Cook and his wife are: Marian Virginia, born July 30, 1892 ; and Eugene Maurice, _ born April 7, 1901. Mrs. England still survives,* at the age of seventy-eight years. Few men in this township have taken a more intelligent interest in its progress than has Clifford Cook. As a leading member of the Republican party, he has most efficiently served in a number of the local offices. For the past six years he has shown his in- terest in educational matters by serving as school director and through 1882-83-84 he was town- ship auditor. His religious connection is with the Society of Friends, and he enjoys the high esteem of all with whom he comes in contact, whether in public or social life. E. S. WOLF, a resident of Hopeland, Pa., is a well-known farmer and miller of Clay township, and a leading citizen in this community. He was born June 10, 1863, son of Samuel and Lydia (Stief) Wolf, both deceased. Samuel Wolf, the father of E. S., was a son of Jeremiah Wolf, a respected farmer and old settler of Clay township. Samuel Wolf married Lydia Stief and they had a family of seven children, namely : Harriet, Louisa, E. S., Salinda, Samuel, de- ceased, Cassie, and Amelia, deceased. E. S. Wolf was reared on the farm and attended the common schools of his localitv in his youth. For a number of vears he carried on farming with success, and by his industry became the owner of valuable land. Recently he sold a farm of 148 acres of land and turned his attention to milling. 1060 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY buying the Eagle Grist Mills, of Hopeland, which he operates, also running a portable saw mill. Mr. Wolf is a man of varied talents and succeeds in al- most every business he undertakes. For quite a con- siderable period he engaged in the manufacture of cigars, but his time and attention are mainly given to his farming and milling at present. He is a stanch supporter of the Republican party, a progressive citi- zen who takes a great interest in his community, and serves with efHciency on the school board. Mr. Wolf is a member of the United Brethren Church. In September, 1882, Mr. Wolf was united in marriage with Miss Sahnda Druckenbrode, born in 1862, daughter of Jacob Druckenbrode, of Clay township. This marriage has been blessed with seven children, as follows : AHce, born April 18, 1883 ; Daisy, born June 28, 1890; Samuel, born Sept. 21, 1892 ; Elva, born Feb. 7, 1896; Bessie, born Oct. 18, 1897 ; Le Roy, born Dec. 25, 1899 '< ^"d Irvin, born May 10, 1901. Mr. Wolf is a prominent citizen in Clay township, an honorable man, a good neighbor, and one who has the welfare of his family, his church and his home very near to his heart, and who commands the esteem of all who know him. JOHN F. HEIM was born in Columbia, March 27, 1861, and is one of the town's most respected citizens. For twenty years he has been in the employ of the Pennsylvania Company, and in no relation of life has he ever been found derelict. He is the son of George Heim, and an outline of his family history may be found on another page. His boyhood was passed upon a farm, where he remained until twenty years of age, when he entered the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company as a brakeman. After a year he was made a fireman and some ten years later was promoted to be engineer. This po- sition he still holds. He is a member of the Brother- hood of Railway Engineers, and is one of the trustees of the Presbyterian Church, of which he is a con- sistent and active member and a liberal supporter. In political faith he is a Democrat. On July 26, 1882, he was married to Miss Lizzie A. Ambrose, of Columbia. The issue of the union has been four children: Edgar F., Clara R. (de- ceased), Harry C. and Walter M. Mrs. Heim is a daughter of Benjamin A. and Martha (Morrow) Ambrose, and was born June 14, 1857, at York. Her mother died in 1858, but her father is still living. He is a son of parents who emigrated from Ireland early in life, and settled in York county, in this State. The same statement holds good, also, as to her ma- ternal grandparents. Mr. Ambrose was born in 1822. In early life he was a boatman, but is now a farmer. For many years he conducted a mail route. He is a member 01 the M. E. Church. He has been three times married, Mrs. Heim being the second and youngest child born to the first union. Her elder sister, Anna A., died in childhood. His second wife -was j\'Iary Stormer, who also bore him two children, Robert J. (deceased), and Charles, a farmer in York county. His third marriage was to Susan Brown^ the issue being a son and two daughters. John A., the eldest child, resides in Lancaster ; Ella married Edgar Hate; and Mamie married William Fry, both prosperous York county farmers. AMOS ZIEGLER. Among the elegant homes- and fine farms of Lancaster county, is that of Amos Ziegler, who resides in the village of Rowenna, seven miles from Columbia, Pa., living somewhat retired, but intelligently interested in the public affairs of the country, and through others, conducting oper- ations on a large scale in mica and asbestos mining,, in the State of Virginia. The family of which Amos Ziegler is a worthy representative, is one of the old and important ones- of East Donegal township, the founder having es- tablished himself here as early as 1782. Amos Zieg- ler was born May 14, 185 1, a son of John and Bar- bara (Hertzler) Ziegler, the former 01 whom was one of the leading men of this part of Lancaster county : he was on the board of directors of the First National Bank, of Marietta, with which he was con- nected for many years. He died in 1894, leaving: much property. His religious connection had been with the Dunkard Church, in which he was highly valued. The estimable mother of Mr. Ziegler was born Dec. 4, 1831, and since 1895, has made her home with her son Amos. The family born to Mr. and Mrs. John Ziegler was as follows: Benjamin, who died in infancy; Jacob H., a successful farmer and owner of a cream- ery, in Rowenna ; and Amos, the subject of this biog- raphv- The latter was reared on the home farm and attended the district schools, remaining engaged in farming pursuits until the spring of 1876, when he came to his present place, continuing to operate both farms, although not engaged in active labor himself. Mr. Ziegler, in 1892, laid out the flourishing village of Rowenna, being one of the most enterprising and energetic of men. In association with others, he is prospecting for mica and asbestos in Bedford county, Va., where there is every indication of remarkable results. The marriage of Amos Ziegler was on Oct. 17, 1876, in East Donegal, to Miss AHce Musser, wha was born in Rowenna, a daughter of John and Martha (Berg) Musser, of Donegal township. In May, 1900, Mr. Musser removed to Salem, Va., and now resides with his son, Henry C. From the foundation of the First National Bank, of Marietta, he was one of its officers, serving many years as its president, and was a prominent member of the Dunkard Church in this township. Formerly he was a Republican in politics, but latterly has voted with the Prohibitionists. His children were : Henry C, a farmer of Salem, Va. : Alice ; Hiram, deceased ; and Eugene, deceased. Mr. Ziegler has served a number of years as school director and is fraternally connected with BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1061 the Masonic order, in politics being an Independent. A genial, pleasant man, Mr. Ziegler is an agreeable host, and delights to show his visitors his fine collec- tion of birds, being something of a taxidermist, as well as one of the most intelligent citizens of this part of the county. The stanch old Ziegler family finds in Amos Ziegler, a worthy representative. DAVID H. MEYERS, late a highly respected iarmer of the township of West Donegal, was born in Conoy township, June 2q, 1837, and is a son of John and Barbara (Metzgar) Meyers, born in Conoy township and in Dauphin county, respectively. The father died in Conoy township in 1841 at the early age of thirty-one years, having devoted his active life to farming. The mother, who was born in 1815, is still in good health. They were both members of the Lutheran faith, and to them were born three sons, Jacob and John, both of whom died young, and David H., whose name is given above. Isaac Meyers, the paternal grandfather of David H., was born in Lancaster county, and moved into the far West about 1838. The maternal grandfather ■of David H. Meyers was David Metzgar, born in Dauphin county, where he lived and died as a farmer. David n. Meyers was married Nov. 7, 1861, in Lancaster, to Miss Anna Shank, and to them were born the following children : ( i ) Cather- ine S. is single and at home. (2) Barbara S. married William H. Farber, who has a place adjoining that of her father, David H. ; they have had six children, of whom Anna, Roy and David D. are dead ; the others are Earl M., William C. and Katie B. (3) David S. died in infancy. Mrs. Anna (Shank) Meyers was born in Mt. Joy town- ship, in Feb. 1836, and is a sister of Aaron Shank, of West Donegal township, of whom a sketch ap- pears on another page, where will be found a full liistory of the Shank familv. David H. Meyers spent the first twenty-two years of his life at home, and then purchased the farm on which he lived until his death, making an enviable record as an honest man and upright citizen. For fifteen years he was school director, and gave much attention to school interests, discharging his duties in this connection with the same conscientious fidelity that marked all his other labors. In politics he was a Democrat, and in religion a member of the Men- nonite Church. He died at his home June 11, 1902, when nearly sixty-five years old. CHRISTIAN N. LANDIS was born Feb. 2, 1841, on the place where he yet resides, in East Lam- peter township. His grandfather, John Landis, was also a native of that township, born in 1785. He was a prominent man in his day and filled many of the most important offices in Lancaster county. He Avas president of the Lancaster County Bank from the time it was founded, in 1841, until his death, which occurred in 1865. He was one of the Pres- idential Electors in 1848. In religion he was identi- fied with the Old Mennonites of the county. Mr. Landis married Evanna Grofl', and they were the parents of the following children: Betsey, wife of John Donar; Susan (deceased), wife of Tobias Herr; Hattie (deceased), wife of Michael Metzger; Polly, wife of John Leaman ; Annie, unmarried ; Ben- jamin, deceased ; David, father of our subject ; John, deceased; and Martin, of East Lampeter township. David Landis remained with his parents until he was of age, and was educated in the common schools of the county. He then began life for himself, farm- ing on the place where our subject now resides, and continued thus until his death, which occurred March 9, 1882. He was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. He married Miss Mary Neflf, of East Lam- peter township, by whom he had nine children, viz. : Susan (deceased), wife of Isaac L. Landis; Mary, wife of Benjamin Landis : John, of East Lampeter; Leah, wife of Jacob R. Buckwalter; Evanna, wife of Adam S. Runk; Christian, our subject; David, of Leacock township ; Moses N., of Leacock town- ship ; and Annie N., wife of Michael L. Rohrer. The mother of these children died in 1841, and the father afterward married Miss Rebecca Eckman. To this union were born two children : Elizabeth, wife of Jacob Hostetter ; and Martin-, who died in childhood. Christian N. Landis continued to live with his father until the latter's death, and he inherited the farm, which is one of the finest in Lancaster county, comprising roo acres of most productive land, which Mr. Landis has tilled with steady profit. In 1866 he married Miss Leamon, daughter of Tobias Leamon, of East Lampeter township, and to this union have been born four children : Mary, wife of Frank K. Lefever; Lizzie L., (deceased) wife of David G. Landis ; and Anna L. and David L., both at home. Mr. and Mrs. Landis, with their daughter, are members of the Old Mennonite Church. Our subject has given his entire attention to agricultural pursuits, and he is regarded as one of the intelligent, representative citizens of his section. HENRY B. HOFFMAN, a noted merchant at Beartown, Lancaster county, was born in East Co- calico, July 7, 1850, and is a son of Henry and Bar- bara (Beam) Hoffman, natives of Berks county, and Brecknock township, Lancaster county, respectively. The father was reared in Morgantown, Berks county, and when a small boy was taken by his parents to East Cocalicc. Balser Hofi^man, the grandfather of Henry B., came from Germany, and was, as is supposed, a very small child at the time of his coming. He was a farmer, and attained an advanced age. Henry Hofifman, the father of Henry B., learned the trade of weaving, which he followed the most of his life. He was a member of the Lutheran Church, to which his wife also belonged. His death occurred in 1873, when he was seventy-four years of age; his wife passed away at the age of fifty-seven. To this marriage were born ten children: The first three 1062 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY died in infancy; Susan married Henry Dietrich, of Ephrata, and is dead ; Martin is a shoemaker at Mar- tindale; Catherine is the wife of Henry Reed, of Earl township ; Elizabeth is the wife of Harry Sload, of Rohrerstown ; . Louisa is the wife of Andrew Becher, of Elizabethtown ; Lucetta is the wife of Henry Echenroad, of Murrell, Lancaster county; Henry B. is mentioned below. Henry B. Hoffman was reared in East Cocalico until he reached the age of thirteen years, since which time he has taken care of himself. His career began in farm work, and at the age of seventeen he entered a cigar factory, to learn the art of making cigars. When he was twenty, he learned the carpenter trade, which he followed for some five years ; at the end of this period he applied himself to tobacco farming on a tract of seven acres at Beartown. Almost every year he has had some tobacco, though in 1885 he en- gaged in a mercantile establishment at Beartown, which he has since very successfully conducted. For eight years he has been postmaster at Beartown, where he has resided continuously, with the exception of 1893, when he had a grocery store at Martindale, where he held the position of assistant postmaster. Mr. Hofi'man is a progressive and public-spirited citizen of Beartown, and is ever ready to lend a help- ing hand to any movement that looks to the public good. One of the leadmg Republicans of this part of Lancaster county, he has been supervisor of his township for two years. In 1874 he was married to Miss Katie Troop, a daughter of Samuel and Sallie (Miller) Troop. She was born in Brecknock town- ship, and is the mother of five children: Ida is the wife of Diller Silknittler, of Caernarvon township, and they have one child, Gertie ; Samuel married Clara Smith, and lives in Beartown, where they have one child, Gerlatine ; Edgar, Harry and Katie are at home. Mr. and Mrs. Hoffman belong to the Lutheran Church, and are among the solid and substantial people of Lancaster county. FRANKLIN G. HARPLE, farmer, justice of the peace, surveyor and conveyancer, of Bareville, Pa., is a well-known and highly esteemed citizen of Lancaster county. His birth occurred Oct. 2, 1840, in this village, and he was a son of Lewis and Anna M. (Knox) Harple, the former of whom was born in West Prussian Germany, and the latter, in Lan- caster City, Pa. Father Harple came to America with his parents when he was but six years of age and settled near Spring Grove, Pa., later moving to Upper Leacock township. For many years Father Harple conducted a distillery for Adam Bare and John Hershey, operating it near Bareville, and in this place he died April 3, 1849, ^t the age of fifty-six years. The mother died June 13, 1863, both of them being buried in the old cemetery at Heller's Church, now Salem, being members of the Lutheran faith. In politics Mr. Harple was a Democrat. The family of children born to Lewis and Anna M. Harple included ; Henry, who died in infancy ; Henry L., who died at the age of thirty-nine, crushed by the cars at Gordonville, Pa. ; Sarah, deceased, who was the wife of Abraham Beerbauer, of Chester countv ; Lewis E., the trusted messenger of the First National Rank, of Lancaster; Sabrina, who is the widow of Henry W. Kessler, of Burt county. Neb. ; Catherine, who was murdered Aug. 9, 1849, while picking blackberries in Upper Leacock township; Samuel, who is a carpenter, located in Erie, Pa.; John, a farmer, of Baltimore county, Md. ; Anna Maria, deceased, who married George W. Deitrick; Martin, who died young ; Elizabeth, who died young ; and Franklin G. The paternal grandparents of Franklin G. Harple were Ludwig and Anna M. Harple, or Harbill, of Germany, Lutherans who came to America in 1779, settling in Spring Grove, where the former carried on a weaving business until he removed to Upper Leacock township. He died at Lancaster. The ma- ternal grandparents were Robert Knox, born in Lon- don, Eng., and Sabrina Stauffer, a daughter of the brave Swiss, Captain Stauft'er, who commanded a company in the Battle of Brandywine, and assisted in bringing Hessian prisoners to Lancaster. Justice Harple acquired a good education in the common schools of his district and passed his boy- hood on a small farm consisting of ten acres of land,, belonging to his parents. After they were called from earth, he located in his present place, in 1864, engag- ing in surveying under William Weidman, where he worked until he attained his majority and then re- turned and purchased the old homestead, farming there until 1873, when he made a trip to Wayne county, Ohio. There he made himself useful, work- ing through the season on the farms and then went on to Erie, Pa., reaching that locality in July, 1873 "> here he found employment in carpenter work and m bridgebuilding, which kept him occupied until March, 1875, when he returned to Lancaster county. After his return, Mr. Harple purchased his pres- ent home, in 1881, having previously farmed here, and then he began the business of surveying, on his. own account, his previous work under Mr. Weidman having taught him all the details. Active in the ranks of the Republican party, he has been called upon to serve in many of the local offices, and has been township auditor, -tax collector, deputy coroner and, on Oct. 9, 1 881, he was appointed justice of the peace, his former efficient management of public office making this appointment gratifying both to Republicans and to Democrats. This has been proven by re-election ever since. The marriage of Justice Harple and Miss Sarah L. Keplinger was celebrated on Dec. 9, 1864, ia New Holland, and the children born of this union have been r Alfred, who died in infancy ; Austin K., V\^ho married Sarah Poutz and is in the nursery busi- ness in Talmage, Pa. ; Alice M., Franklin K. and Charles M., all of whom are at home. \ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1063 Mrs. Harple was born in Earl township, March 9^ 1844, daughter of George and Elizabeth (Bair) Keplinger, of Lancaster county, where they were farming people. The former died on Nov. 3, 1877, aged sixty-eight years and twenty days ; the mother died on_ Jan. 25, 1885, at the age of seventy-three years, six months and fourteen days. They were members of the Reformed Church, good, Christian people. Their children \yere : David, who Hves in Lancaster, Pa. ; Barbara, who married Jacob Dier- dorf, and lives in Bird-in-Hand, Pa.; Susan, de- ceased, married to James Neil; Sarah, who is the wife of Justice Harple; Samuel, who went to New Jersey and- was not heard from ; Emma, late wife of Michael Dissinger, of Leola, Lancaster county; Catherine, who resides unmarried in Philadelphia; and Elmira, who died while young. Justice Harple enjoys the esteem of the commun- ity and is most highly regarded in both legal and business circles. ISAAC MARTIN, the son of Christian Martin, was born in 1808, and died in 1885. His birth occurred on the Big Springs Farm in Earl township, and he spent his life in that vicinity, where he learned the milling business when a young man. After his marriage he purchased his father's mill property in Earl township, which he operated for a time, and then replaced it with the structure in -1833, which is still standing. There he was engaged in milling for twenty years, and made a reputation as an honorable and upright miller that was widely spread throughout his section of Lancaster county. At the end of that time he rented his mill property and engaged in farming, and was living ori his farm at the time of his death. He is remembered as one of the thoroughly successful and reliable men of his community, where he was esteemed not only for his industrious habits, but for his integrity and general good character. He served as a school director, and took an active part in local affairs. In religion he affiliated with the Mennonite Church, and was one of its most devoted members and supporters. Isaac Martin was married to Christiana Groff, a daughter of John Groff, of Grottdaie, and to this union were born the following children: Fianna, who resides at Martindale, Lancaster county, the widow of L. Zimmerman; Susanna, the wife of Jacob Musser, who has her home in Groffdale ; Isaac G. ; Amanda, unmarried. Mrs. Martin lived to be eightv-one years old. Isaac G. Martin was born July 29, 1848, and was bred to the milling business. His education was gained in the public school, and when he was twenty- six years of age he was married and went into the milling business on his own account, at the old stand of his father. The mill property was bought bv him, and he has since devoted himself to its oper- ation. He does custom work very successfully. A farm of sixty-one acres, which was once the property of his father, has descended to him, and he keeps it in a high stalte of cultivation. His standing at home is of the very best, and he is known as one of the leading men.* of the township. His public spirit is pronounced, i,ind he is always ready to assist any- thing that loot's to the public good. Isaac G. ]\\'lartin was married in 1873 to Miss Kate Mohler, &' native of Ephrata township, and a daughter of Cyr.us and Mary (Bitzer) Mohler. Mr. and Mrs. Martin had three children, only one of whom is living now. ^ Nora died when twenty years old ; she was a graduate ©f^the State Nornial 'School., at Millersville, and had become a teacher in the pub- lic schools of the county. Newton E. received his education in the public schools, and is a machinist. Alta Blanche died at the age of seven years. Mrs. Martin died Aug. 21, 1902, in her forty-eighth year. Mr. Martin is a member of the German Baptist Brethren, or the Dunkard Church, of which he is a deacon in the church at Spring Grove. For the last twenty years he has been an active church worker, and is ever ready to lend an active support to any enterprise that looks to the prosperity of the church. FRANKLIN W. SENSENICH, a well-known veterinary surgeon of New Holland, Pa., was born in East Ear! township, Lancaster county. May 23, 1841, and is a son of George W. and Anna (Worst) Sensenich. His father was born in East Earl town- ship, and his mother in Pequea township. George Sensenich was a tanner, and had a tan- nery in East Earl township for many years. He died in 1884, at the age of sixty-five, having lost his wife, who died in 1843, ^^ the age of twenty-four. Both were buried in the Bridgeville cemetery in East Earl township. They were members of the Evangelical Church. To Mr. and Mrs. George Sensenich were born two children: John, who died in infancy, and Franklin W., whose name introduces this article. Mr. Sensenich was married a second time to Elizabeth Kurtz, by whom he had the following children: Lydia, who married James Emory, a farmer in Salis- bury township ; Harriet, who married Lavan Wenger, and is now dead; Emma, who lives in Caernarvon township, and is unmarried. The paternal grandparents of F. W. Sensenich were Francis and Elizabeth (Weaver) Sensenich, farmer folks of Lancaster county. Franklin W. Sensenich was married in Oct., 1865, in Caernarvon township, Lancaster countv, to Louisa R. CofiFroath, by whom he has had the following chil- dren : Anna C, who is at home ; Levi W., a farmer, and married to Susan Witmer ; Mary A., at home.,,;. Mrs. Sensenich was born in Caernarvon town- ship in Feb., 1841, and is a daughter of Levi and Catherine (Weiler) Coffroath, farming people of Lancaster county. Her father died in 1895, at the age of eighty-two; her mother, in 1880, at the age of seventy-five. They were buried in the Bridgeville cemetery. To their union were born: Louisa R. 1064 BIOGRAPHICAL AMnALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY who is noted above as the wife of Mr. ^ensenich; Mary, who married John Rife, a farmer c^^f Caernar- von township ; Lucetta, unmarried, and l^^ving on the old homestead in Caernarvon township., Mr. Sensenich remained with his Barents until the death of his mother, when he weni/ to live with his father's parents, remaining under ^heir roof un- til he was fifteen years of age. The ensuing three years were passed with his father, a^id he was em- ployed in the tannery. When he^as eighteen, he entered a machine shop at Goo^ville, where he re- mained two years. When the,§iiop closed at the end of that time, he secured a position in a store kept by John S. Weaver, in Goodville, with whom he spent two years. For several vears after this he was en- gaged in the tannery business, and while thus oc- cupied he began the study of veterinary surgery. After living a year in Philadelphia, he came to New Holland, in T8q6. For some years prior to this he had lived. on a farm in Caernarvon township. In East Earl township he filled the position of assessor, and in Caernarvon township was a school director. He and his family are members of the United Breth- ren Church. In his politics he is a Republican ; and he has been school director in the borough of New Holland. FRANK S. BRUBAKER, a respected farmer citizen of Warwick township, descends from one of the oldest and most prominent families of Lan- caster county. Joseph Brubaker, his grandfather, was born in Lancaster county and lived and died there. He was a farmer and followed that occupation exclusively all his life. He was a member of the old Mennon- ite Church. His children were as follows : Bar- bara, who became the wife of Christian Snyder; Catherine, who became the wife of a Mr. Bomber- ger ; Levi, who was the father of our subject; Jonas, deceased ; Joseph and David, who were farmers of Warwick township ; John, a farmer of Manheim township ; Anna, deceased wife of Jacob Shirk ; Mary, who married Christian Bomberger; and Eliza, the wife of Levi Weaver. Levi Brubaker, the father of our subject, was born in Warwick township May i, 1822, received a common school education and gave his entire at- tention to farming until he retired, about 1873. He died Oct. 16, 1898. In politics Mr. Brubaker was a stanch Republican, and he often represented his party in State and county conventions. He held the office of school director for some years. On Oct. 23, 1845, he married Miss Elizabeth Sheaffer, who was the daughter of Jacob Sheafifer, and they became the parents of five children, as follows: Phares, of Fargo, North. Dakota; Isavius, who died at the age of eighteen years; Frank S., our subject; Sheafl:er S., of Warwick, Pa. ; and Joseph, of Lan- caster. The parents were both members of the Old Mennonite Church. Frank S. Brubaker was born Oct. 28, 1852, on the old homestead in Warwick township, and re- mained at home until he was twenty years of age. He was educated in the Lititz Academy, and began life for himself by farming on the old homestead for eight years. He then purchased the place where he now resides, in Millway, and he has given the most of his time to farming and droving. In 1888 he was appointed storekeeper and ganger, by the President, a position which he held four years and two months. Mr. Brubaker is a very active worker in the Repub- lican party, but has never sought office. On Nov. 5, 1872, Mr. Brubaker wedded Miss Emma, daughter of Martin and Sallie Gross, and to this union have been born three children: Ger- trude M., born Nov. 12, 1875, who is the wife of Daniel J. Hahn, of Findlay, O. ; Miss Stella E., born June 26, 1885, and Ralph G., born July 24, 1888, are at home. Mr. Brubaker is one of Lancaster coun- ty's most esteemed citizens and his public spirit is shown in many ways. AMOS H. GROFF. One of the representative citizens and a descendant of one of the old and honored families of Lancaster county is Amos Groff, who has retired from an active life and enjoys the results of previous industry, in a pleasant home, located just east of the borough of Strasburg. Great-grandfather Groflf, who bore the name of David; a favorite one in the family, resided in East Lampeter township, as did his son David ; the latter died there at the comparatively early age of forty- one years, and soon afterward occurred the death of his wife, five children being left orphans. These were: Benjamin, David, Elizabeth, Martin and Annie. Of these, the last died single; Martin is a resident of Manheim township, near Eden ; Eliza- . beth is the widow of Jacob Erb and resides in Earl township; and David is a resident of East Lampeter township. Benjamin Groff, the eldest of the family, was born in September, 1814, in East Lampeter town- ship, and was but twelve years old when his parents died. His uncle, Jacob Miller, gave him a welcome to his home in Strasburg township, and there he grew to manhood and then returned to the old home- stead in East Lampeter township, which he occu- pied during his active career. When he retired he erected a home upon the farm where he spent his last years, his death occurring Aug. 14, 1899. His marriage had been to Elizabeth Hoffman, a daugh- ter of Nicholas and Elizabeth (Miller) Hoffman, who was born in Strasburg in 1816 and died in 1854, having borne four children, three of whom survive : John, of West Lampeter township; Benjamin, who resides on the old homestead; and Amos H. The other brother, Jacob, died in July, 1890, leaving a widow and four children, who reside in Upper Lea- cock township. The second marriage of Benjamin Groff was to Hettie Landis, who still survives, a BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1065 highly esteemed resident of East Lampeter town- ship. She had two children: Susan, who is the wife of Tobias Leaman, of East Lampeter town- ship ; and Franklin, who died at the age of sixteen. Benjamin Groff was well and favorably known, and at death had built up an admirable character which reflects honor on his children. Amos H. Groff, of this biography, was born on the old homestead Aug. lo, 1846, and grew up on the farm of his ancestors, receiving his education in the public schools. At the age of twenty-one he started out on his own account and began operating a farm of sixty-two acres, continuing on the same place for seven years ; he then purchased a farm of 144 and one-half acres and soon became known as one of the most successful and prosperous agricul- turists of the township. Mr. Groff engaged in gen- eral farming and also did considerable stock rais- ing, his operations in this line doing much toward the improvement of stock in East Lampeter town- ship. In 1S98 he retired and removed to his present home, where ail the surroundings are of the most attractive kind. In 1867 he was united in marriage to Miss Cath- erine D. Leaman, a daughter of Tobias and Eliza- beth (Denlinger) Leaman, who was born in East Lampeter township May 9, 1B47, and is the mother of three children : Elizabeth, who is the wife of Homer Weaver, clerking with Clay Miller, of Lan- caster, and the mother of three children, Clyde, Ralph and Walter; Benjamin, at home; L. Leaman, residing in Philadelphia, all of them children who reflect credit upon their worthy parents. Lemuel Leaman Groff' is a member of the well-known firm of Diffenbaugh & Groff, real estate and insurance agents, of Lancaster City. Both Mr. and Mrs. Groff are members of the Old Mennonite Church and are highly esteemed throughout the neighbor- hood. JOSEPH S. RICE, a well-known and highly siiccessfui farmer, and one whose entire career has been run in his native township, was born in Bart township, Lancaster county, Aug. 7, 1843, and is a son of Daniel and Susan (Miller) Rice. The Rices and the Millers are both old and prominent families in the county. Daniel Rice was born in Bucks county, Pa., in' March, 1802, and Susan Mil- ler in this county in 1805. She was a daughter of John and Susan" Miller, who came from Germany, and v^ere among the early settlers here. Daniel Rice was a son of Edward and Elizabeth Rice, who were born in Berks county, of Scotch-Irish extrac- tion. Edward Rice purchased the Nickel Mines prop- erty in 1824. and located in Bart township, where he lived and died, leaving two sons, Daniel and Ed- ward, both of whom are dead. Edward Rice sold his proper-ty in 1852 and lived on a farm in Bart township, where he died, leaving a family. Daniel Rice sold his interest in the mines the same year and bought the Asel Walker property, on which he lived for some years, when he moved to the farm now occupied by his son, Joseph S., and there he died in 18S2. His wife passed to her reward in 1852, leaving her husband with the following fam- ily: (i) Catherine Rice married Charles Stewart, of Lancaster, and she died leaving the following children : Bernard, of Lancaster ; Alex H., of Phil- adelphia ; Raymond, of Lancaster ; Newton, of Lan- caster ; David, of Parkesburg, Pa. ; Clara, the wife oi George Johnston, of Strasburg township, where he is engaged in farming ; Rebecca, the wife of John George, of Lancaster; Lizzie, the wife of Newton Hirst, of Lancaster. (2) John Rice married Harriet Dunlap, of Lea- cock township, and moved to Indiana in 1857. In t868 they went still farther to the West, and located in Chippewa Falls, Wis., where he died in 1898. His three children, Daniel, Jennie and Ida, live in Minnesota. (3) Jacob M. Rice married Rebecca Wright, of Bart township, and located in Paradise township, where they died, leaving the following family: Willeanna, the wife of 1). Miller, of Strasburg; Martha, who married Harry Hampshire, of Mis- souri ; Joseph, living in Lancaster ; George, living in Harrisburg ; Art, a resident of Strasburg township ; Jessie, in Paradise township; Freeland, in Oxford, Pa. ; Lydia, the wife of John Lockwood, a section "boss" on the Pennsylvania Railroad, at Bird-in- Hand. (4) Sarah Rice, the wife of Alex. Stewart, lives in Chester county, and is the mother of two daugh- ters : Anna, who is Mrs. Cooper, of Chester coun- ty ; and Ada, who married Foster Rigg, of the same county. (5) Susan Rice, the wife of George Whiteside, a butcher in Lancaster, has one son, George. (6) Daniel Rice enlisted when a young man in Co. C, 79th P. V. I., and took part in the glorious achievements of that gallant command. He was with Sherman when he made his March to the Sea, and served throughout the war, having the misfor- tune to lose a limb at Bentonville, when the struggle had almost ended. He married Miss Catherine Nel- son, of Bart township, and they are now living in Lancaster, where they have had a family of eight children: Elias B., Elizabeth, John H., Maggie, Mamie, William, Lottie A. and Daniel. (7) Joseph S. Rice. (8) Lizzie Rice married Edward Miller, and they are both dead, leaving one daughter, Rebecca, who married William Pearson, of Lancaster county. All the members of the above family were bom and reared in Bart township, and given such educa- tional advantages as the situation of the parents and the advancement of the public school system made possible. Joseph S. Rice enlisted in Aug., 1861, as a member of the famous 79th P. V. I., being a member of Com- pany C. The command was mustered in at Pitts- 1066 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY burg in Oct., 1861, and took steamer for Louisville. From there it was marched to Green River, Ky., to Bell City, to Bowling Green, and on to Nashville. The regiment fought its first battle at Surdus Grove. It was in the terrible conflict at Chattanooga, and in the battles of Sperryville and Edgefield Junction, at Nashville in the fall of 1862, and at Gallatin, Green River and at West Point, on the Ohio River. Late in 1862 the command was brought back to Louis- ville, where it was reorganized, and placed under the command of Gen. Buell, and on its battle flag are inscribed the names of the battles following re- organization : Perryville, where all the command- ing officers of the regiment were killed or wounded ; Stone River, Hoovers Gap, and Tallahoma. After this last battle Mr. Rice was prostrated with fever, and sent to the Nashville hospital, where he re- mained until Feb., 1864, when he rejoined his regi- ment in time to have a hand in the battle of Buz- zard's Roost. After this he was transferred to the 78th Regiment, in March, 1864, and started in the Atlanta campaign, but was discharged at Atlanta on account of physical disabilities. He was wounded three times during the war, but survived all its per- ils. For ten days he was held a prisoner by the Rebels. Mr. Rice returned to Lancaster county, where he was married in 1870 to Miss Lydia A. Wright, bom m Bart township June 8, 185 1, and a daughter of Thomas and Martha (Nilckolson) Wright. Thomas Wright settled in Bart township in 1840, on a farm, where he and his wife lived and died. They left the following- family: Rebecca, who married Jacob Rice, Levi and D. M., all dead ; Sarah, who married Henry Hughes, and is a resident of Wilmington, Del. ; Elizabeth, deceased wife of W. D. Brown, of Lancaster; Margaret, the wife of John Jackson, of Chester county : Charles, living in Bart township ; Thomas, in Christiana; Louisa, who married Con- rad Lowry, of Parkesburg; George, living in Wil- mington, Del. ; Lydia, Mrs. Rice. Mr. and Mrs. Rice lived on a farm in Paradise township until 1876, when they purchased their present elegant home at the Nickel Mines, where they have lived to the present time. To their mar- riage have come eight children: (i) Anna Rice, born in 1871, is the wife of Winfield Thompson, and has her home in Sadsbury township, where they have a family of three children, Chester, Charles and Lydia Leslie. (2) Joseph M. Rice, born in July, 1872, is at home with his parents. (3) Lucy S. Rice, born in Nov., 1875, is the Vi^ife of Harry Welk, a farmer of Sadsbury town- ship, and the mother of three children, Meta, Edna and Joseph. (4) Harry Rice, born in Oct., 1877, married Miss May Beack, and lives in this county. They have two children, Lydia and Levina. (5) Martha and (6) Mary M., twins, born in Nov., 1880. Martha is the wife of John Showaker, of Bart township, and has one daughter, Elsie ; Mary is the wife of Samuel King, of Paradise, and has one daughter. Bertha. (7) Samuel W. Rice, born in April, 1884, and (8) Bertha E., born in April, 1887, are both at home. In politics Mr. Rice has always been a Repub- lican, and has served as inspector of elections. In religious matters he is a devoted member of the Presb)-terian Church. He belongs to the 14th Vet- erans of Lancaster county. Personally he is a man honored and respected by all who know him, and his children may well be proud of his record, both as a soldier and as a v/orker in the arts and indus- tries of peace. SILAS STONER HERR. Among the respect- ed and thrifty farmers of Fulton township, Lancas- ter county, none stand better than Silas Stoner Herr, who was born in Manor township, in the same coun- ty, April 21, 1846, and comes from the well known family of that name, which is of German origin. Christian O. and Amelia (Stoner) Herr, his par- ents, were both born and reared in Manor township, and Christian Herr, his great-grandfather, was also a native of the same township, and one of the pio- neers of Lancaster county. David Herr, grandfa- ther of Silas Stoner, was the father of a family of eight children : Christian O. ; Annie ; Kate ; David O. ; Dr. E. B., who is a resident of Lancaster ; Bar- bara, wife of Henry Stehman ; Isaiah ; and Susan, widow of George Kindig, of Millersville. Christian O. Herr, father of Silas S., was mar- ried to Amelia Stoner, of Manor township, in 1843, and to this union came a family of eleven children : (i) David S., born Oct. 11, 1844, married Mary L. Rhodes, of Safe Harbor, who was born Sept. 22, 1850, and died June i, 1901 ; David S. is a merchant at Pleasant Grove, Pa. (2) Silas S. is the subject of this sketch. (3) Annie Herr, born Sept. 3, 1848, is the widow of Rev. Amos M. Stirk, of Lebanon, Pa.; Rev. Mr. Stirk was born June 15, 1838, and died in Feb., 1899. (4) Barbara, born July 20, 1849, is the wife of Peter W. Pratt, of Delaware county. Pa., who was born May 12, 1847. (5) Mary A., born March 29, 1851, is the wife of Jacob Fry, of Manor township, who was born July 18, 1849, 3^nd is now a resident of Lebanon county. (6) Amelia, born Aug. 19, 1852,- was married in Erie, Pa., to David Ohlwiler, of Altoona, Pa., who was born July 3, 1849. (Z) Alice, born March 8, 1857, married John B. Fisher, who was born May 9, 1855. (8) Christian S., born Oct. 3, i860, married Miss Nettie Peck, who was born Feb. 20, 1864. (9) Jacob H., his twin brother, married ]\Iiss Mary Davis, of Altoona, Pa., who was born June 19, 1864"; both of these couples reside in Altoona. (10) Martha, born Dec. 29, 1862, married Edward Uhler Sowers, of Lebanon, Pa., who was born Sept. i, 1864. (11) Elmer E., born Sept. 16, 1867, mar- ried Catherine Dean, of Williamstown, Pa., who BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1067 was born March 6, 1874; they reside in Trenton, New Jersey. Christian O. Plerr, the father of Silas S. Herr, was born Aug. 13, 1819, and died in Manor town- ship July 23, 1875. His wife was born March 13, 1S25, and is still living in Lebanon, Pa. Christian O. Herr was a worthy farmer and citizen, and a con- sistent member of the M. E. Church. He was al- ways regarded as a leading man of his township. Silas Stoner Herr was married May 19, 1870, to Miss Adeline Fry, who comes from one of the old families of Lancaster county, being a daughter of Frederick and Elizabeth Fry, of Manor township. This marriage has been blessed with a large family. David, Minnie and Ambrose died in infancy. Cal- vin E., born Jan. 4, 1875, married Miss Beaver, of Perry county. Pa. He is in the general mercantile business at Pleasant Grove, with his uncle, David Herr. Florence A., born May 4, 1877, who is at home, received her education at the State Normal School at Millersville. Clara F., who graduated at the State Normal School at Millersville, has been engaged in teaching at the Central school, in Fulton township. James Garfield, ' born Dec. 6, 1882, is at home on the farm ; and Emmet L., born Jan. 16, 1887, is at home. Mr. Herr began life in very mod- erate circumstances, but now owns a splendid 160- acre farm, with line stone dwelling and first-class outbuildings. He was a partner with his brother, David, in the general merchandise business, but sold out his interest to his son. In religion he is asso- ciated with the M. E. Church, and in politics votes the Republican ticket. Fraternally he is a Mason, being a member in good standing of Lodge No. 496, Millersville, Pennsylvania. JOSEPH MILLER, a substantial and promi- nent farmer of Martic township, was born May 18, 1844, son of Martin and Maria Miller. Martin Miller, the father, was a son of Abraham Miller, a farmer of this township, and the father of four children. Christian, Fannie, Martin and Eliza- beth, all deceased.' Martin Miller was born in 1798 and died in 1880, a farmer all his life. When twen- ty-four years old he married Mary Breneman, who bore him two children : Elizabeth, who married Daniel Breneman, of Providence township; Abra- ham, who married Fanny Hidlebauch, of Pequea township. His first -^ife dying, Mr. Miller mar- ried Elizabeth Good. They had two children: Fanny, widow of James Huber ; and Jacob, who died in childhood. Elizabeth Good Miller died in 1832, and for his rhird wife Mr. Miller married Maria Miller, daughter of Joseph Miller, of Conestoga township. They had four children: Martin, of Manor township ; Mary Ann, the wife of John D. Sensenig ; Susan, wife of Henry Good ; and Joseph. Mr. Miller was a member of the Mennonite Church and when fifty years old was ordained a minister, serving for thirty-two years. Joseph Miller grew up on his father's farm and attended the public schools of Martic township^ Through great industry and good business ability he has accumulated large means, although he be- gan at the bottom of the ladder when he entered upon his business career. He now owns one of the best farms in Martic township, which he has made more valuable with excellent and substantial im- provements. His farm comprises 150 acres, and his management of it has demonstrated his excel- lence as a farmer. In Jan., 1869, Mr. Miller was united in mar- riage with Miss Catherine Charles, of Pequea town- ship, and to this marriage the following children have been born : Annie, the wife of John F. Shenk, of Providence township; Plenry, a resident of the State of Wyoming ; Elizabeth, at home ; Elvina, the wife of Amos Nissley, of Manor township; Ida, at home ; Catherine, at home ; Martin ; and Joseph. Mr. Miller stands high in the estimation of his fellow citizens, and he is generally regarded as a man of the highest integrity, an excellent farmer, a kind neighbor and a first-class citizen. In politics he is a stanch Republican. He is a member of the Mennonite Church. MICPIAEL S. HANCK (deceased) was born, in Manheim township, near Oregon, Feb. 28, 1841, and died June 30, 1888, being a son of George and Anna (Shriner) Harick. Mr. Hanck was reared on the farm, and fol- lowed farming all his life. To this work he added veterinary surgery, and also dealt in horses very ex- tensively. His father was his instructor in the science of mediqine as applied to animals, being well versed in anything that related to a horse. He was a man who made money on a large scale, but his kind heart and generous disposition would not per- mit him to deny his friends, and in one way and an- other he lost largely through liis confidence in those he called his friends. Mr. Hanck purchased from his father the family estate, which consisted of fifty-one acres, a half mile south of Landisville, and there his widow and son are now found.' Consider- able stock in the Fruitville turnpike was owned by hini, and he was always a broad-minded and public- spirited man. His ability and integrity were showrb by his being called upon to settle a number of large estates. His political views were those of the Re- publican party, and he was an earnest advocate of its principles. Michael S.' Hanck was married to Miss Maria Myers, a daughter of Joseph and Esther (Rohrer) Myers, and a native of Leacock township, where she was born Nov. 13, 1838. To this union were born four children : Jacob M., born Nov. 8, 1866, a horse dealer in Lancaster ; Annie, born March 8,. 1868, died Feb. 18, 1877; Samuel M., born Oct. 26,. 1869, a farmer and horse dealer; Michael, born March 25, 1880, unmarried, and living at home. Mrs. Maria Planck, the widow, is living on the homestead with her two youngest children, Michael 1068 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Elizabeth, who was born Dec. 21, 1803, married John FloUinger, and died Oct. 5, 1829. Christian Brandt, the father of our subject, was BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 106» born on the old Brandt homestead, and resided there throughout his lifetime. In 1827 he married Eliz- abeth Long, who was born in Lancaster county in 1808, and died in 1889; she was a daughter of Abrani Long, who lived near Donegal Springs. Mr. Brandt was a tenant farmer until his father's es- tate was settled, when in 1858 he became the owner of the old farm. He was a Democrat, but took very- little interest in politics. Religiously he was a mem- ber of the Mennonite Church, an exemplary chris- tian, and, like his ancestors, was specially noted for his strict integrity, industry and sobriety. He died Jan. 7, 1870, when in his seventy-fifth year. He had eight sons: Jacob, who was born Oct. 11, 1829, and died from the effects of accidental scald- ing at the age of three years ; John L., who was born Jan. I, 1 83 1, and married Mary Ann Hossler; Abra- ham, who was born Aug. 19, 1833, married Anna Mary Creider, and died Nov. 11, 1888; Christian, who was born April 19, 1836, married Susannah Rhoads, and died Oct. 7, 1891 ; David, who was born April 6, 1840, married Maria Hess, and resides in Londonderry township, Dauphin county; Samuel L., born Oct. 20, 1841, and mentioned below; Solo- mon, born Feb. 8, 1845 ; and Joseph L., cashier of the Exchange Bank at Marietta. Samuel L. Brandt, whose name introduces this sketch, received his education in the public schools near his home, and was reared to the vocation of his ancestors. As previously stated, he spent only four years of his life away from the homestead. After his marriage he lived in a rented house, and worked for others for a time, but he finally purchased the home place, and continued in its cultivation up to the time of his death. The farm comprises ninety acres, all in a high state of cultivation, systematically worked, now, as always, with profit for the owner, and cared for with every regard for appearance. On June 15, 1869, Mr. Brandt was married, in Lan- caster, Pa., to Miss Maria E. Stauffer, who was born in Jan., 1847, in Lexington, Elizabeth township, the daughter of Henry Stauffer. Eight children were 1.iorn to this union : ( i ) Elmer E., who now man- ages the farm for his widowed mother, married on May 25, 1897, Mary Sniyser, a trained nurse, of Philadelphia, who died Nov. 17, 1898, aged twenty- five years, leaving one child, Elmer E., Jr., who lives with his father and grandmother on the old Brandt farm; Mrs. Mary ^Brandt was buried in Reich's cemeitery. (2) Harry S. is deceased. (3) Miner- va S. married Ezra Briner, of New Bloomfield, Per- ry Co., Pa., who is county superintendent of that county. (4) Anna S. and (5) Agnes M. reside in Lancaster. (6) Elizabeth S., (7) Rylie S. and (8) Christian S. are at home. Mrs. Brandt is a member of the Old Men'nonite Church, with which our sub- iect also united. He was a Democrat in political affiliations, Mr. Brandt is interred in Reich's Meet- ing-house cemetery, in East Donegal township. The Stauffer family, to which Mrs. Brandt be- longs, have been residents of Lancaster county from an early day. John Stauffer, her grandfather, was a farmer and butcher by occupation. He died in the southern part of the county. He married Anna Charles, and their son Henry, born in Lancaster county, was the father of Mrs. Brandt. He, too,. was a farmer during his active years, but he lived retired for some time prior to his death, making his. home in Mt. Joy. Henry Stauffer married Miss Maria Eitnier, who was born in Lancaster county,, daughter of John and Maria (Hoffer) Eitnier, na- tives of Lancaster and Dauphin counties, respective- ly. He was a tailor by occupation. Henry and. Maria Stauffer became the parents of six children r Leah, Mrs. Daniel Shaub, deceased; Henry (de- ceased), who married Anna Horst; Maria E., Mrs. Brandt; Peter, now residing in Ohio, who married Rebecca Stabler ; Samuel, a cabinet maker, of Phila- delphia, who married Ella Shireman ; and John, wha died young. The father of this family died in 1874,. at the age of seventy-two, the mother surviving until. March 15, 1895, reaching the advanced age of ei.ghty-three years. They are buried in Erisman's cemetery. Both were devout members of the Men^ nonite Church. JOHN B. MYERS (originally spelled Mayer),, a prosperous agriculturist and substantial citizen of Pequea township, resides on the farm on which he was born, and where his father before him had passed many years in agricultural pursuits. David Mayer, the grandfather of our subject,, was born Sept. 20, 1772, and died Dec. 25, 1847. He was a landowner and resident of Manheim town-^ ship. His wife, Elizabeth, was born Sept. 25, 1774,- and died Oct. 21, 1855. Their union was blessed with three sons and one daughter, the sons belug- as follows: David, father of our subject; Rev.. Martin R., born April 3, 1798, died Oct. 4, 1873; and Benjamin, born June 12, 1812, died June 28,. 1849. The remains of the father now rest m the private burying ground of the John Keller Farm.. David Mayer was born Jan. 10, 1810, in Manheim township, was reared a farmer arid continued so occupied throughout life. He was married when twenty-two years of age to Miss Barbara Burk- liolder, who was born March 3, 1807. Immediately after their marriage the young couple located on the farm which is now the property and residence of their son, and here they passed the remainder of their lives, he dying Nov. 9, 1881, and she Feb. 14, 1884. They were frugal, industrious people, and were h^ld in high esteem and respect in the community in which they lived. To them were born children as follows : John B., referred to farther on ; Amos B., who makes his home with his brother ; Ana, died March 3, 1884. John B. Myers, our subject, was born Sept. 20, 1836, and received such school privileges as were given the sons of the general farmers, attending in the winter season the district school of the neighbor- hood. Like his father and grandfather, he chose 1070 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the vocation of farming, and has made it his chief life work. He possesses a good farm of 150 acres, well improved and conveniently located, three miles from the city of Lancaster, in a southerly direction. He has made the raising of crops, and agriculture in general, a study, and through a long lifetime of practical experience has become possessed of much and valuable knowledge pertaining to his calling. In addition to his valuable farm Mr. Myers is the owner of a good mill property situated at the second lock on Conestoga creek, and in connection with farming he operates an extensive mill which is equipped with modern rollers and prepared for chop- ping purposes. Frugal and industrious through life, and being a good manager and financier, he has prospered and become possessed of a competence. He has been useful in his community, and is regard- ed by his fellow townsmen as one of their best citi- zens. His religious connections are with the Men- nonite Church, of which he is a trustee. In politi- cal sentiment he is a Republican. He is a director and large holder of stock in the Lancaster County Bank. At the age of twenty-six Mr. Myers was mar- ried to Martha B., daughter of Martin and Maria (Brubaker) Herr, and to this union have come children as follows : David ; Ada, who married PYank Bausman, and has three children, John, War- ren and Martha ; Annie, who married David Baus- man, and has two children, Edna and David ; Mar- tin, who married Elizabeth Snavely, and has four children, Mervin, Arthur, Anna and Maud; Elam; and Henry, who married Elizabeth Bollinger. One son, Martin, is actively connected with educational matters. MICHAEL S. SHUMAN has been a continu- ous resident of Columbia since 1844. He came to the town as a young mechanic, not yet out of his teens, and the place he has won in the history and development of Columbia marks- the attainments of a self-made man. Alert for advancement, possess- ing an active and capable mind, he parted ways with a daily wage and launched on a long and prosperous business career as a contractor and builder in Co- lumbia, where many of the finest buildings attest his superior workmanship. In later years insurance work has monopolized the time which he has wished to devote to active life, this business having been entered upon more than forty years ago, and fol- lowed successfully and persistently ever since. Mr. Shuman was born in Manor township, Lan- caster county, Sept. 16, 1825, son of Jacob and Mary (Witman) Shuman, and a descendant of George Shuman, who in 1772 settled in Manor on the upper end of Turkey Hill. Jacob Shuman was born about 1781, and in his youth acquired the tailor's trade, which he followed through life. He died in March, 1837, aged fifty-six years. By his first wife, Mary Witman, his children were: George; Jacob; Dan- iel ; John ; Catharine ; Henry, of Lafayette, Ind. ; Frederick, of Richmond, Ind.; and Michael S., whose sketch appears herewith. By his second mar- riage, to Margaret Wisler, Jacob Shuman had five children, namely: Christian, deceased; Andrew, who died in Chicago; Abraham, a mail agent of South Evanston, 111.; Benjamin, of Iowa, now de- ceased ; and William C, a school teacher of Evans- ton, Illinois, Michael S. Shuman was reared on a farm. His mother died while he was an infant, and his child- hood was passed at the home of an aunt, Mrs. Stre- big, with whom he remained until he reached his seventeenth year. Deciding to learn a trade, he served a year with a millwright, but, the latter re- tiring from business, he was obliged to look else- where for employment. Coming to Columbia in 1844, he served an apprenticeship at the carpenter's trade with John Young, and worked faithfully at the trade for a period of twenty-three years. In 1867 IVir. Shuman engaged in the refining of oil, being one of the firm of Truscott & Co., and contin- ued in that business for eighteen years. During a portion of this time they also carried on a 'milling business which he later conducted alone. In 1885 Mr. Shuman practically retired from the active cares of a business life. ' However, he has retained his in- surance work and now represents at Columbia the Farmers Fire Insurance Co., of York; the Conti- nental of New York; and the Citizens Fire In- surance Co. of Missouri. He has been agent for the York company for the past forty-three years. Mr. Shuman married at Lancaster, Pa., in 1857, Margaret Lehman, a native of York county, daugh- ter of Daniel Lehman. To Mr. and Mrs. Shuman have been born these children : Mary, wife of Dr. William R. Powell, of Camden, N. J. ; Catherine, wife of John R. Bucher, manager of the Columbia Crackery bakery, Cohimbia, Pa.; Anna, deceased; George, deceased : Michael, a traveling salesman of Columbia, Pa. ; Jane, wife of E. G. Smith, foreman in the Wilson Laundry machine shops at Columbia, Pa. ; and John, of Columbia, who married Miss Lot- tie Menroe. Mr. Shuman has been called to fill various local offices, and has served as councilman, school director and in other positions of trust and responsibility. He is a member of Susquehanna Lodge, I. O. O. F., and of the Encampment. He has prospered in busi- ness, is regarded as a wide-awake and intelligent citizen, and holds the unstinted esteem and respect of all who know him. ISRAEL PENROSE. Prominent among the estimable citizens of Fairfield is Israel Penrose, a retired farmer of Drumore township. His birth occurred in that township June 9, 1841, and he was a son of Benjamin and Hannah (Lukens) Penrose, who were natives of Montgomery county, Pennsyl- vania. Great-grandfather Penrose was of Welsh de- scent; Grandfather Israel came to this country in BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1071 1827 and settled on the farm where his grandson Lukens now lives. He married Susan Folk, in 1790, and they had these children : Elizabeth, born Dec. 25, 1791; Edith, born June 25, 1794; Enos, born Oct. 15, 1796; Thomas, born May 23, 1800; Jane, born Jan. 31, 1802; Benjamin, born July 9, 1803; Edith, born Oct. 7, 1806; and Joseph, born Sept. 6, 1808. Benjamin Penrose, the father of Israel, of this sketch, was united in marriage to Hannah Lukens, of Montgomery county, Pa., on Oct. 2, 1834. She was a daughter of Enos Lukens, who was of Ger- man ancestry. Eight children were born to Ben- jamin Penrose and wife: Lukens, born March 3, 1836 ; Edith, born May 3, 1837, the widow of Isaac B. Shoemaker, of Drumore township ; Everard, born Aug. 19, 1839, a retired farmer, in Santa Ana, Cal. ; Israel, born June 9, 1841 ; Lukens, born Sept. 6, 1845, on the home farm in Drumore township ; An- nie E., born Jan. 24, 1848, who died unmarried; Sarah S., born Oct. 10, 1850, the widow of Thomas Rutter, of Drumore township ; and Charles L., born Jan. 8,^1853, who died young. The mother of Is- rael Penrose was born Nov. 20, 181 3, and she died Dec. 25, 1869. In politics Benjamin Penrose was a Whig, and he and his wife belonged to the Society of Friends. Israel Penrose, of this biography, was reared on the home farm and received a good common-school education. His life work has been in the line of agriculture. In 1865 Israel Penrose was united in marriage to Lydia J. McPherson, the estimable daughter of James A. and Lydia McPherson; the children of this union died in infancy, the wife also passing out of life in 1869. On Feb. 2, 1875, Israel Penrose was married to Emma J. Rutter, who was a daugh- ter of John and Elizabeth Rutter, natives of Mont- gomery county. There has been no issue of this union. Mrs. Penrose was one in a family of eight children, Ruth A., Edward, Mary, Thomas, Emma, James, William and Elizabeth. None remain except Mrs. Penrose, who was born June 4, 1840. Politically Israel Penrose is one of the active supporters of the Republican party, and has served his township as auditor. His religious connection is with the Society of Friends, and he is one of the most highly esteemed citizens of this community. With his amiable and excellent wife he is living a somewhat retired life, in his very pleasant home in Fairfield. GEORGE HARRY REED. The Lakeland Livery Stables and Cab Company represents the best service in this line which the city of Lancaster has ever enjoyed, and its genial proprietor is George Plarry Reed, the only surviving son of the late George K. Reed, one of this city's oldest and best- known bankers. G. Harry Reed was born on Dec. 7, 1868, a son of the late George K. and Mary (Fetter) Reed, the former of whom passed out of life May 16, 1898, while the latter, a lady of lovely Christian character, resides in this city, one of its best beloved residents. G. Harry Reed received exceptional educational ad- vantages and grew to manhood a self-reliant and respected citizen. Upon completing his studies at Beck's school, in Lititz, he entered the State Nor- mal School, in Millersville. After leaving the latter institution he became associated with his brother, John, in the -cigar and tobacco business until the death of his brother, when he opened up the Lake- land service, which he has conducted in a most sat- isfactory manner for the public and with substan- tial returns for himself. The marriage of G. Plarry Reed was to Miss Anna Grace Roth, a daughter of Mr. John B. Roth, a retired dry-goods merchant, of this city, and from this union one son has been born, Norman Elwood Reed. The sisters and brother of G. Harry Reed were: Susette Elizabeth and Catherine Hoff, both of whom died in early childhood; and John Fetter, who became prominent in Lancaster in both business and church circles, and who died Jan. 4, 1897. WILLIAM H. HAMP, Sr., now living retired in Gordonville, Pa., was born at Lancaster Dec. 3, 1843, ^iid is a son of Christ and Eliza (Leonard) Hamp. His father was born in Germany, and his mother in Lancaster. Christ Hamp came to Lancaster with his parents when only six years of age, and for many years carried on a butcher shop in Lancaster, Pa. In 1873 he left the shop, and retired to a ten-acre farm in West Lampeter township, where he died in Oct., 1885, at the age of sixty-six years. His remains were laid to rest in Woodward Hill cemetery. Fa- ther and mother were both members of the Lutheran Church. She is still living at Lancaster, at the age of seventy-six years. To them were born: Will- iahi H. ; Kate, who married Prof. Herman New- meyer, of Harrisburg, Pa. ; John, a butcher at Johns- town, Pa. ; Emma, who married John Shilling, of Lancaster; Clara, deceased; Oscar, landlord of a hotel at Chambersburg, named "The McKinley;" Anna, with her mother ; Ida, wife of Samuel Miller, of Lancaster, Pa. ; Walter, deceased. The paternal grandparents of William H. Hamp were John Hamp and wife, of Gap, Pa., where he was engaged in the .butcher business. John Leon- ard was the grandfather on the mother's side. William H. Hamp was married Feb. 11, i866, at Honey Brook, Pa., to Anna E. Smith, who was born in Marcus Hook, Delaware Co., Pa., May 10, 1845, a daughter of Peter and Elizabeth (Syfrit) Smith, both of old Chester, Pa. To this union were born: William H., Jr., a butcher in Gordonville, who married Esther I,. Yarnall, of Lancaster, and has three children, William H., Charles Y. and Robert S. ; and Minnie E., who was married, on June 25, 1902, to William F. Bell, of Philadelphia, engaged in the. grocery and 1072 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY provision business. Peter Smith was a farmer and builder, with much ability as a contract- ing architect. He died in 1847, ^t the age of thirty-seven years ; his widow died Oct. 18, 1885, at the age of seventy-three years. They were mem- bers of the Episcopal and Methodist Churches, re- spectively. He was laid in the burial-ground of the church he built, and she was interred in the Wood- ward Hill cemetery. To them were born : Robert, who was wounded at Antietam, and died in the Fredericksburg hospital; Peter F., who died in in- fancy; Peter F., who vvas killed in the battle of Chancellorsville ; Thomas ; Anna E. ; Fredrick J. ; Henrietta and Marietta,, twins, now dead, as are all the above, excepting Anna E. Mr. Hamp was born and reared in Lancaster, where he was bred to the butcher business. In Sept., 1 861, he ran away from home, and enlisted in Co. K, 79th P. V. I. His father found him at Pitts- burg and brought him home. Aug. 2, 1862, was the date of his second enlistment, when he enlisted in Co. B, Pa. Reserves, serving under Capt. Thomas B. Barton, and Capt. William Bair; he entered for a three years' term, and passed through some of the severest fighting in the war, but returned home un- wounded. Mr. Hamp participated in the following battles. South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Mine Run, Bristol Station, in all of the battles of the Wilderness, and at Bezaziah Church. After his discharge in June, 1865, he came home and worked for his father until Sept. of the fol- lowing year, when he went to Philadelphia, to take a position as brakeman and flagman on the Penn- sylvania railroad, which he held for nine years, ris- ing to be a conductoir on the line. In 1875 he came to Lancaster, and resumed the butcher business, which he carried on until 1897, when he retired. Both Mr. and Mrs. Hamp belong to the Luther- an Church, and he is an active worker in the local post of the G. A. R., where his long and commend- able services in the Union Army constitute him a valuable member. In his politics he is a Republican, and is regarded as one of the most substantial and influential citizens of the community. JOHN H. CARTER, of Liberty Square, Dru- more township, is one of the leading and honor- able citizens of that township, and carries on a blacksmithing business in the village, where he has been located since 1870. Mr. Carter owns a very comfortable home, his shop and tools, and enjoys the respect and esteem of every citizen. John H.. Carter was born in Martic township, Oct. 21, 1840, and was a son of Alexander and Margaret (Fullerton) Carter, who were natives of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. Alexander Carter was a son of John Carter, a farmer of the township, who became the father of four children ; Joseph, William, Alexander and Elizabeth, the latter becoming the wife of Samuel Smith. Great-grandfather Carter also bore the name of John and he was one of the early settlers of southern Lancaster county. Alexander Carter was born in 1796 and died in 1874, his wife having been born about 1800 ; they were united in marriage in 1820 and had the following children: Hannah,, who married Preston Smith ; Rebecca, who married Thomas Cummings, of Lancaster City; William W., of Oxford, Pa., a retired merchant; Elizabeth, who died single ; Margaret, deceased ; Alexander ; Franklin, who died at the age of twenty -five years ; and John H., of this sketch. John H. Carter was educated in the public schools of his district and commenced to learn the blacksmith trade at the age of eighteen years, at Liberty Square, under the excellent direction of Jacob Carrigan. When the Civil war broke out and his country needed his services, John H. Carter was not found wanting, his enlistment taking place on Sept. 26, 1861 ; he entered Co. E, 79th. P. V. L under Capt. Wickersham, and H. A. Hambright as colonel, the beloved Gen. George H. Thomas being^ in command of the corps. Mr. Carter's army serv- ice took him through the Kentucky campaign against the army of Gen. Bragg, and he was present at the battle of Hoover's Gap, the shelling of Chatta- nooga, Tullahoma, Tenn., and at Dalton, Ga. ; he was also a participant in the battles of Chickamauga and Missionary Ridge, marching then with Sherman on his triumphal course to the sea and was with the other brave and gallant men at the grand re- view in Washington city, where he was honorably discharged on July 12, 186=^. During this long and dangerous campaign he fortunately received but one slight wound. After nearly four years of service, Mr. Carter returned to peaceful pursuits and took up his trade, first, however, spending some time at Elk View, in Chester county, where he was railroad agent, ex- press agent and postmaster, going thence to Mount- ville, where he began work at his trade, but in 187a coming to Liberty Square. The marriage of Mr. Carter was to Miss Rebecca Fralish; of Mountville, Lancaster county, Dec 24, 1865, and this marriage has been blessed with two children. Oliver F., who was born Sept. 30, 1866, married Miss Cynthia Tennis, of Drumore township, and they have four children, — Clarence E., Carrie L., Ethel E. and Reba May. Harry Eras- tus, who was born Aug. 31, 1869, married Miss Annie Blackburn, of York county, and they have three children, — Reba C, William N. and Letta May. Mrs. Carter was born March 29, 1848, one of a family of eleven children, six of whom grew to maturity. We have record of: Elizabeth, the wife of Henry Colm, of Mountville, Pa.; Harry, of Mountville; Fannie, deceased; Annie, wife of William Seitz, of Mountville; and Rebecca, who is Mrs. Carter. Tn politics Mr. Carter has been active in the Re- publican party and has efficiently served as tax col- lector of his township. Socially he is connected with BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1073 the G. A. R., Post No. 556, of Rawlinsville. Mr. Carter has been particularly prominent in the Beth- esda Methodist Church, where he has been a trus- tee for some twenty-five years, and for the past six- teen years has been vice-president of the Rawlinsville Camp Meeting Association. Mr. Carter is one of the most highly esteemed citizens of his locality, having an honorable and enviable war record, and still holding his faith in the principles for which he fought. As a citizen, business man or member of social, religious or domestic circles he is truly rep- resentative of his part of Lancaster county. DENNIS SOMMERS. The great traveling public owe a measure of regard to the efficient offi- cials of the trains which enable them to cover so quickly and safely such immense distances, and probably no one holds so responsible a position as does the conductor, who, as his official name signi- fies, conducts the management and makes possible the passage of the great railroad trains with such safety and rapidity. To be a conductor requires long practice in other railroad work, and the Penn- sylvania railroad does not place its patrons in the care of any unskilled or inefficient man. Since 1890, Mr. Dennis Sommers, of Columbia, has been one of the trusted conductors on the Pennsylvania lines. Dennis Sommers was born in Columbia, in Nov. 185 1, a son of Michael and Joanna (O'Neil) Som- mers, of Wexford, Ireland, where they were born, reared and married, coming to Columbia in 1851. Michael Sommers entered the service of his adopted country during the Civil war, belonging to Co. K, 5th Pa. Reserves, and lost his life at Petersburg. He served practically through the whole war, dying at the early age of thirty-five years. The children left fatherless were : Dennis ; William H., an engineer; and Mary, who married Moses Mur- phy, an electrician of Schuylkill. When but a lad of twelve years, Dennis Sommers began to take care of himself, and found his first regular work on the canal. For five years he faith- fully followed the tow path during the long, hot, summer days, and in winter there were few jobs of his capacity in the neighborhood that escaped his attention. After leaving the canal, he went into a blast furnace and worked there for two years and later engaged in various lines, always keeping busy, until by 1874, he obtained employment with the Pennsylvania railroad as brakeman, remaining in that position for seven years. Proving his relia- bility, he was made a flagman and then an extra conductor, in 1890, soon after assuming the duties of a regular conductor, giving at all times efficient service and satisfaction to the road. The marriage of Mr. Sommers was on Sept. 19, 1876, in Columbia, in St. Peter's Church, to Miss Anna Rourke, and to this union were born two chil- dren : Michael H., who died at the age of twenty- two months ; and William P., who is at home. The 68 birth of j\Irs. Sommers was in County Meath, Ire-- land, Sept. 16, 1846, a daughter of William an(J Mary (Markie) Rourke, of Ireland, who came to America in 1847 ! they settled in Columbia for a few years and then went to Marietta, Pa., where the father was unfortunately killed by a horse, at Mus-- selman Furnace on June 10, i860. The mother was born March 24, 1825, and now resides in Steelton, Pa. She married a second time, her husband being James Kelley. The children of her first marriage were : Thomas, a retired hotel-keeper of Marietta ; Mary (i), and Mary (2), both deceased; Katie, who married John Hanley, of Steelton ; James, who lives in Sparrow Point, Pa. ; William, a resident of Indiana; and Anna, who is Mrs. Sommers. The children of the second marriage were : Mary, who married Jerry Gorman, of Steelton; CeceHa, who married James Kirby, of Steelton, Pa. ; John, a resident of Harrisburg; and Margaret, who is the efficient assistant postmaster, of Steelton. Mr. Sommers is fraternally connected with the B. of R. C. and K. of St. Patrick ; also of P. Re- lief, in all of which he takes an active interest. Po- litically Mr. Sommers affiliates with the Democratic party ; he is a member of the Catholic Church. His record as an efficient official places him in the regard of the Pennsylvania road, and in Columbia he is looked upon as a worthy and respected citizen. WALTER H. WINTERS, a noted farmer of East Drumore township, Lancaster county, was born in Providence township, Aug. 6, i860, his parents being Silas and Catherine (Marks) Winters. Silas Winters was born in Providence township, July 5, 1821 ; and his wife, Catherine Marks, in York coun- ty. May 14, 1821. Silas Winters was the son of Christopher and Esther (Gochenauer) Winters, both of whom were born in Lancaster county, and came of German parentage. Christopher Winters was located in his early manhood on a farm near Providence, which he cleared from the woods. There his wife died, and he then moved to the West, where he died, leaving two sons and one daughter : Augustus, who settled in Providence township, and died a single man ; Hetty, who married William Gontner, and settled in Lancaster, where they both died, leaving two daughters, Catherine, deceased, and Mary : Silas Winters, noted above. Mrs. Catherine r Marks) Winters belonged to one of the very old families of this county. Silas Winters lived on his farm in Providence, where he had settled after his marriage, working as a cooper, until a few years prior to his death. In June, 1900, he moved to Lancaster, where he lived retired. His wife died on the old homestead in Providence township, in 1895, leaving a family of seven children : Ella M., born in 1844, is a seam- stress in Lancaster. Mary A., born in 1845, mar- ried Martin Lefever, of Drumore township, and is the mother of seven children: Ida B., Minnie B., 1074 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Charles A., William B., Walter C, Ella B. and Laura C, who died in early womanhood. Augustus, born in 1849, married Anna Esbenshade, and lives on his farm in East Drumore, where they have four children: Curtis G., Lulu M., Roxie A. and Robert C. Catherine, born in 1850, married Martin Reese, and resides in Lancaster; they have a large family of children; Ward, Harvey, Minnie, John, Clarence, Clements, Edna (deceased), Stella, Clay- ton, Gordon, Ray and Mary. John F., born in 1855, married Miss Louise Rockey, and lives in Mc- Keesport, Pa., where they have a family of six chil- dren, Walter, Mabel, Charles, Anna, Cora, and a baby. Laura, born in 1856, married John A. Rockey, and resides in Atglen, Chester county, where they have a family of six children, Edna, Alma, Silas, Helen, Mary and Walter. Walter H. Walter H. Winters had his education in the dis- trict school, and remained on the family homestead until he was twenty-three, when he began his own business career. In 1882 he was married to Miss Christie G. Kauffman, a daughter of Abraham and Anna M. (Geahr) Kauffman. Mrs. Winters was born in Manor township in Sept., 1857, and is next to the youngest of a family of eleven children. Her education was receiv£d in the local school and in the State Normal at Millersville. After their mar- riage 'they lived a year on his father's old home in Providence, and then removed to Martic township, where Mr. Winters was engaged in farming for seven years. In T891 he bought the Bleacher farm in East Drumore township. This farm contains 108 acres and has a large brick house, and a com- modious barn, making it one of the finest farms in the township. The place shows signs of improve- ment at his hands, and is largely devoted to cattle raising, as Mr. Winters owns one of the finest herds of Holstein cattle in the county. Mr. and Mrs. Winters belong to the Reformed church at New Providence. In politics Mr. Win- ters is a Democrat. He belongs to the Fulton Grange, No. 66. Walter Winters began life with but small means, and the savings of his wages as a farm hand, judiciously invested brought him results by which he is able to hold, clear of incumbrance, the fine farm which is his present home. He is a born farmer, and of him it may truly be said, "that he has made two blades of grass grow where one grew before." While he and his good wife have no children of their own, their generous hearts and ample means carry sunshine into many other homes. EDWIN S. STAIR, late a prominent dry-goods merchant of Columbia, was born in York, Pa., and was a son of George S. and Maria (Wall) Stair, natives, respectively, of York and Philadelphia. George S. Stair was a shoemaker and a man greatly respected wherever known. To his mar- riage with Miss Wall there were born the follow- ing children : Amelia, wife of John Strickler, who is in the iron business at York ; George, a carpenter in Harrisburg; William, an ex-soldier; and Edwin S., deceased. Edwin S. Stair at the age of twelve years en- tered a dry-goods store in York, being regularly apprenticed to the business. When his time had expired he went to Indianapolis, Ind., there lived several years and then returned to York. A year or two later he came to Colurnbia and clerked in Henry Fondersmith's dry-goods store and in the store of Mr. Haldeman until 1872, when he em- barked in business for himself and had a success- ful career until the day of his death, August 8, 1898, at the age of fifty-two years. The marriage of Mr. Stair took place in Colum- bia, March 22, 1871, to Miss Eunice Wike, and this marriage was graced with five children, viz. : George, who was called away at the age of eight- een; Nellie, who died when five years old; Ed- win, Charles and Filbert are still at home with their mother. Mrs. Eunice (Wike) Stair was born in Colum- bia, and is a daughter of George and Sarah Wike, and a sister of Milton Wike. Mrs. Stair, her three children and her mother, now constitute the family, and live in quiet retirement, honored and respected by the entire community. The deceased Mr. Stair was a member of the Order of Artisans, the Heptasophs and the I. O. O. F., lodge and encampment. For some years he was a school director and was recognized gen- erally as a useful citizen, while as a business man his name stood without a flaw or blemish. J. F. WEAVER, miller, of New Providence, was born Nov. i, 1861, in Strasburg township, son of Henry K. and Christianna (Hoover) Weaver, of Strasburg township. Henry K. Weaver, a tailor and farmer, was a son of Samuel Weaver, who died at the age of thirty- three years, leaving four children ; Samuel, George, Catherine and Henry, all now deceased. Henry K. was born in 1829 and died in 1891. In 1849 he was niarried to Christianna Hoover and thev had a fam- ily of eleven children, ten of whom grew to maturity, as follows : Mary, who lives on the old homestead in Strasburg: township ; Amos A., a farmer" of Stras- burg township ; Addie the wife of John E. Lantz, of Strasburg township; Hattie, the wife of Jacob C. Weaver, of Strasburg township ; Lizzie, living with her sister on the old home place ; Melo H., a farmer of Strasburg township ; J. F., of this sketch ; Sam- uel A., of Talbot county, LMd. ; Enos, deceased ; and Catherine, deceased. Henry K. Weaver was an honorable, respected citizen, a member of the Re- formed Mennonite Church. In political connection he was a Reoublican. The early life of Mr. Weaver of this sketch, was passed on the farm, where he remained assisting his father and going to the public school until he was about nineteen years of age, when he went to BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1075 Paradise township and began to learn the milling business with H. S. Rohrer. After leaving Mr. Rohrer, he ran a mill for Elam B. Trout in the same township and then went to Cecil county, Md., where he took charge of a mill for S. C. Magrow, but later returned to Lancaster county, on account of failing health. After regaining his health, Mr. Weaver rented a mill for three years in Strasburg, and then came to the mill in New Providence, which he now owns. He rented this property for five months, then for one year and then for five years, at the end of this lease, in 1897, purchasing the property, which is one of the most valuable in its Hne, in the township. Mr. Weaver is now engaged in a general milling and grain business, and his plant is fitted with modern rollers and improvements which enable him to compete with any mill of its size in Lancaster county. In politics Mr. Weaver is a member of the Republican party. He belongs to the Reformed Mennonite Church. On Aprils, 1894, Mr. Weaver was married to Miss Amanda K. Rupp, of West Earl township, born in 1862, daughter of David and Sarah Rupp, the father deceased. Two children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Weaver, Herbert R. and Edwin R. Mr. Weaver stands very high in the esteem of his community, his influence and example being such as to command the respect of his fellow-citizens. A man who has never used tobacco in any form, one who has never used intoxicating drink of any kind, and one whose moralitv could not permit him to either gamble or make use of profanity, must of necessity exert a beneficial influence in any com- munity. In addition Mr. Weaver is a law-abiding and public spirited citizen, a kind and loving hus- band and father, and a helpful neighbor, while his pleasant, genial manner wins him friends on every side. He is justly regarded as a leading man in New Providence, where his word is considered at all times as good as his bond. JOHN L. MINNICH, a farmer of East Dru- more township, Lancaster county, was born in War- wick township, Jan. 31, 1853, son of John and Eliza- beth (Longenecker) Minnich, natives of Lancaster county, the.father being born Jan. 18, 1818, in War- wick township. Mrs. Elizabeth (Longenecker) Minnich was born in June, 1818. ' They were both of German antecedents, the great-grandfather of John L. Minnich being German-born. His son, the grandfather of John L., was born in Lancaster county. John Minnich and his wife were married in 1839, and lived for a time in Warwick township, and then moved to Richland, Lebanon county, where they spent three years, then selling out their farm and coming back to Lancaster. Mr. Minnich pur- chased a farm in Warwick township, on which he lived until his death, May 10, 1895, his wife having already passed to her reward, Jan. 8, 1882. They were members of the German Baptist Church, which is commonly known as the Dunkards, in which he served as a deacon for many years. In politics he was first a Whig, and in later life a Republican. Mr. and Mrs. Minnich had a family of eight children, (i) Elizabeth and (2) Maria, twins, were born in Warwick township, in 1841. Eliza- beth, the late wife of Aaron Swarr, of East Hemp- field township, was the mother of five children: Amanda, the wife of S. N. Root, of Landisville; Harry, of Mountville, who married Clara Cassle; Hiram, of Philadelphia; Lizzie, the wife of P. W. Baker, living on the old Swarr homestead ; John, who married Anna Price, deceased. Maria, the other twin, married I. G. Pfautz, and lives in Lititz, where they have had the following family: Wellington, a farmer of Warwick township; Lizzie, the wife of A. Boyd, a merchant of Manheim ; Isaac and Jo- seph, residents of Philadelphia ; Emmaline, the wife of Rev. Paul Schultz, engaged with her husband in missionary work in the West Indies; John, single, and living on the old Pfautz homestead in Lancaster county ; Charles, single, and living at the home. (3) Jacob Minnich, born in Warwick township, in 1844, married Miss Harriet Graybill, of East Hempfield township, lived on a farm in Warwick township for three years, and then lived in Clay township until 1895 ; that year he moved back to the Minnich home- stead. He and his wife have reared a large family : Alice, the wife of John Badorf, of Warwick; Em- ma, the wife of Benjamin Evans, of Manheim town- ship; Graybill, at the home in Warwick township; Hiram; Sadie; and Emma. (4) Amanda Minnich, born in 1846, married Phares P. Swarr, now a re- tired farmer of- East Hempfield township, and is the mother of one daughter, Ellen, who married Rev. Milton Forney, and now has her home on the old Swarr farm in East Hempfield township. . (5) Anna Minnich, born in 1848, is the wife of the Rev. Henry Sonan, who lives in East Hempfield; they have three children: Milton, married, and a farmer on the old home place; Lizzie, the wife of William Ridenbach, of Neffsville, Lancaster coun- ty; Emma, the wife of Nire Bushong, of Leacock township. (6) Emma Minnich, born in Warwick township, Nov. 28, 1850, married Johnston Miller, now deceased, but in his time a very prominent man. He was the father of three children, John M., Bessie and Emma. (7) Fannie Minnich, born in 1856, married Jacob B. Neff, of Warwick township, who for a time was a miller in Lancaster county, and then a farmer in Ephrata township, where he died, leaving five children: John; Alice, who is Mrs. Samuel Young; Nathan; Jacob; and Chris- tian. Mrs. Neff married for her second husband, George Shreiner, and has her home in Lititz. (8) John L., whose name introduces this article. John L. Minnich was reared and educated in Warwick township, and worked for his father until he was twenty-one. In Oct., 1884, he was mar- ried to Miss Barbara Stehman, a daughter of Henry and Barbara Stehman, prominent people in Penn 1076 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY township for many years. Mrs. Minnich was born June 23, 1853. Her youth was passed in Penn township, where she secured her education in the public schools. The young married couple settled on the old homestead in Warwick township, where they remained until 1895, when they purchased the old Barnes homestead adjoining the village of Unicorn, comprising 180 acres, and being one of the most desirable homes in Drumore township. Mr. Min- nich has this place well stocked, and is provided with all the needed machinery for its successful operation. He owns many horses and cattle, and is regarded as among the brightest and most pro- gressive farmers of this section of the county. Mr. and Mrs. John L. Minnich have had the fol- lowing family : Ellen, who died in childhood ; Katie, who was born in 1882 and died in young woman- hood ; Mahlon, born in Jan., 1876, married and resid- in at home; Harry, born in Dec, 1878, graduated from ihe College at Brentsville, Va., for a time en- gaged in business in Lancaster county, and now in business in California, having moved to that State in 1899; Bessie, born in Aug., 1880; Charles, born in April, 1884; Emory, born in May, 1886; Har- rison, born Aug. 30, 1888; John, born in Sept., i8q2; Stehman, born in Sept., 1894; Amanda, born May 26, 1896. Emory died Oct. i, 1901 ; Bessie, and the others following, are all at home. Mr. Minnich has always been a Republican, and i;; treasurer of the school board of East Drumore township. He and his wife belong to the German Baptist Church, and he is a deacon and treasurer of the organization at Mechanics' Grove. Rigidly does he adhere to the faith of his ^fathers, and his honorable life is open to all the world. Modest and retiring, and shrinking from popularity, he lives a true and noble life, and his kind and loving nature stands out plainly to the knowledge of his friends and neighbors. CHARLES SWARTZ. One of the prominent and prosperous young business men of Talmage is Charles Swartz, who owns and conducts a suc- cessful mercantile business, and is well known as an excellent and reliable painter. Charles Swartz was born on May 12, 1866, and he was the son of Jonathan and Matilda (Weidler) Swartz, of Berks county. Jonathan Swartz was a carpenter by trade, and was the father of nine children : Tillie, the wife of John Hoover, of Lebanon county; Angeline, the wife of John Aich, of Lancaster county; Cecelia, the wife of Samuel Bethel, of Berks county; Lizzie, the wife of Ben. Lemonworth, of Harrisburg; John, a resident of Hummelstown; Frank, a resident of Myerstown; Henry, who went to Indiana, in 1890, and since then has been lost sight of; Charles, of this biog- raphy ; and Alice, who married John Bender, of the city of New York. Charles Swartz is a self-made man. Left fa- therless at the tender age of six years, and a mem- ber of a large family, he was early obliged to face the world. Hiring out to neighboring farmers, he did such work as his strength permitted, and at- tended school, until he reached the age of four- teen, when he came to Lancaster county. Here he was employed in farm work until the age of twen- ty-one, when he went to Reading and obtained lucra- tive employment in the boiler shops of the Penn- sylvania Railroad. Charles Swartz was married on Dec. 24, 1890, to Miss Kate Cooper, of West Earl township, a daughter of Martin Cooper, well known in this lo- cality as an excellent painter. Three children have been born of this marriage : Grace E. ; Matilda and Hanna, twins, the; latter of whom died in infancy. After his marriage Mr. Swartz began work for his father-in-law as a painter, and developed a great deal of skill in that line, still carrying it on. In 1898 he opened up a store in Talmage, stocking it with most desirable goods, and offering many attractions to the public, which have been appre- ciated, as his patronage is large and constantly in- creasing. The store is under the capable manage- ment of Mrs. Swartz, as Mr. Swartz finds his time occupied in his other line. Mr. Swartz is a Republican in his political faith, an honest, industrious and progressive citi- zen. As a business man he has established a repu- tation for integrity, and in the home circle he is much beloved as a model husband and father. LEVI SENER, a retired farmer residing in Mountville, Lancaster county. Pa., is a native of East Hempfield township, was born Jan. 9, 1839, and is a son of Jacob and Leah (Balmer) Sener, natives of Manor and Manheim townships, re- spectively, in Lancaster county. Jacob Sener, a farmer and drover, removed from East Hempfield to I^ancaster city, in the spring of 1863, there lost his wife, she dying in 1S70, aged fifty-five years, a member of the Moravian Church, and tliere, Nov. I, 1880, he also was called away, at sixty-nine years of age. The remains of both were interred in the Lancaster cemetery. To Jacob and Leah Sener were born four children, viz. : Anna, still residing in Lancaster and unmarried; Harriet, wife of George Missincup, a horse dealer in Lancaster ; Levi, whose name opens this paragraph, and Daniel, a farmer of Lancaster. The paternal grandparents of Levi Sener were Gottlieb and Elizabeth (Bletz) Sener, the former of whom was a farmer and died in Manor town- ship, Lancaster county ; the maternal grandparents, the Balmers, were also farming people and died in Manheim township. Levi Sener was brought up on the home farm m East Hempfield township. In 1851 his father re- moved to Lancaster, remaining there four years before returning to the former homestead. In the fall of 1867 Jacob Sener sold his farm, comprising 143 acres, to John McGovern and from that time BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1077 till he retired to his present home, in 1900, Levi Sener rented the place. The marriage of Levi Sener took place in Lan- caster, Pa., in Dec, 1862, to Lizzie Herr, and to this union were born the following children : Harry, who died at the age of sixteen years; Clara, wife of Hiram Bossier, a painter and tobacco packer of West Hempfield township, to whom have been born three children, Maud S., and two that died in in- fancy. Mrs. Lizzie (Herr) Sener was born in Providence township in Jan., 1837, and is a daugh- ter of Abraham and Hannah (White) Herr, of New Providence, Lancaster county, both of whom ■died in Mountville. Abraham Herr was reared a farmer, but became a hotelkeeper and conducted the business at New Providence, Rawlinsville and Marticville, and in 1S58 caine to Mountville, man- aged a hotel for four years, and then retired. Abra- ham lost his wife in i860, at the age of fifty-five years, and his own death occurred in 1892, at eighty- seven years. He wa.s a member of the M. E. Church. To Abraham Herr and wife were born six children, viz. : Anna, widow of George Tang- •ert, of Mountville; Louvene, widow of Henry Mc- Cann, of Reading; Mary, deceased wife of Henry Stone; Lizzie, now Mrs. Levi Sener; Abraham, D. D. S., of Reading; and Martha, deceased wife of Jacob Clair. Mr. and Mrs. Sener are members of the United Brethren church and in politics Mr. Sener is a Democrat. He has been a hard working and thrifty farmer and well deserves the repose he is now en- joying and which his early industry has won for him. DAVID E. BINKLEY, a prosperous and pro- gressive farmer of Manor township, was bofn June II, 1856, near Safe Harbor, Lancaster Co., Pa., reared to farming on his birthplace and educated in the public schools. David F. Binkley, father of David E., was born about seventy-two years ago in Manor township, and is still one of the representative and leading citizens of this oart of the county. Farming has been his life-long calling, in which success has been his from the beginning. His wife bore the maiden name of Annie Eshleman, is now about sixty-eight years old and has borne her husband eleven chil- dren, of whom nine grew to maturity, and were named as follows: Kate, wife of Rudolph Hess; Fannie, now Mrs. James McDevitt; Benjamin, de- ceased ; David E. ; Molly, widow of Christ Kupats ; Jacob, a druggist of Norfolk, Va. ; Aaron, a travel- ing salesman of Lancaster City ; Isaiah, an employee of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company at Lancas- ter; and Abraham, a farmer of Neffsville. Two ■children died in infancy. The parents and the sur- viving children are conscientious members of the United Brethren Church and contribute liberally of their means to its support. David E. Binkley until marriage assisted in car- ing for the old homestead and then located on one of his father's farms in another locality, managing it until 1896; then he purchased 116 acres near Safe Harbor and has ever since been most successfully engaged in general farming, being one of the en- terprising and active men of the township and county. In 1879 David E. Binkley married Miss Annie J. Weidlich, daughter of Gottleib Weidlich, of Martic township, Lancaster county. To this mar- riage have been born three children, Howard, Har- ry and Mary. The family attend the Methodist Church at Safe Harbor and in politics Mr. Binkley is a stanch Republican. The oldest son, Howard, is married to Miss Annie Cramer, of Columbia, Pa., lives at Harris- burg, Pa., and is in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. The daughter, Mary, is mar- ried to Prof. Ira T. Warfel, of Conestoga, Pa., who is principal of the schools at Prospect Hill, Lancaster county. JAMES J. KEYS. One of the successful and thoroughly self-made men of Columbia is James J. Keys, who occupies the important position of yard master for the Pennsylvania Railroad, at this point. The birth of Mr. Keys was on Dec. i, 1861, in York county. Pa., a son of Thomas and Mary Ann (Doyle) Keys, the former a native of York county and the latter of New York city, the death of. both occurring in Columbia, where they located in 1879. Mr. Keys was a laborer and both he and his wife were consistent, and beloved members of the Cath- olic Church. The father lived to be fifty-one years old, dying in May, 1886, while the mother survived until April, 1900, dying at the age of sixty-three. The family born to these parents consisted of : Anna Columbia, who married John Metzler Barney, of Camden, N. J. ; James J. ; Clark, of Columbia ; Mary, who married Edward Boyle, of Columbia; Joseph, of Columbia; Jennie, who lives in German- town, Pa. ; and Agnes, deceased, who was the wife of George Halter. The paternal grandparents of Mr. Keys, of this biography, were Thomas and Anna (McCune) Keys, and those on the maternal side were Dennis and Anna (Hurley) Doyle, of Dublin, Ireland, who came to America in 181 7 and settled in New York city, later moving to Wrightsville, Pa., where he was a boatman and locktender on the canal. When he was but a lad of nine years, Mr. Keys began to display those industrious habits which have succeeded in making him a man of substantial im- portance at present. His first work after the fam- ily settled in Columbia, was to drive horses on the canal, and seven long, hot summers were employed in this manner, and then he went into a stone quarry, the next winter finding him at work in a rolling mill, where three years were profitably passed. Several years more were spent in work in the re- pair department of the Pennsylvania Railroad; for 1078 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY three months he acted as brakeman, and then was given the position of flagman, which very respon- sible situation he held for two years. The next nine years were spent as conductor and then he accepted his present position at Columbia as yard- master for the great Pennsylvania road. Mr. Keys has given the best years of his life in service to this road and that he is highly valued may be seen by his long retention and promotions. James J. Keys was married on Nov. 22, 1886, ir, Columbia, to Miss Clara Stein, and to this union have been born children as follows : Mary, Anna, Thomas, Vernard D., George, and John and Frank, twins. Mrs. Keys was born in Birmingham, Pa., on Sept. 8, 1866, a daughter of Frederick and Anna (Cornwall) Stein, of Gugleheim, Germany, who were married in Philadelphia, and after a residence of several years in Lancaster county, died in Colum- bia, the father, in 1887, at the age of fifty-six, and the mother in 1879, at the age of thirty-five. By trade Mr. Stein was a dyer, but in his latter days conducted a hotel in Columbia for two years. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Stein were Clara; Mary, who died young; Sophia, who married George Kauffman, of Columbia; Francis, who resides with Mr. Keys; and Mary, of Columbia. The parents were members of the Lutheran and Catholic Churches, respectively. A characteristic of Mr. Keys is that he has never sought out the easy ways of work, all of his employment taking him into vigorous and manly lines, and thus he has become so thoroughly pre- pared for his present position. Thoroughly in earnest in all that he attempts, he has had a suc- cessful career, on account of that thoroughness. In his political sympathies he is a Democrat, and be is a member of several fraternal organizations, and of the Catholic Church. The Pennsylvania Railroad has no" more capable or reliable employe, nor has Columbia a more desirable citizen, than James J. Keys. WILLIAM H. McFALLS. Among the honor- able citizens who once were prominent in Provi- dence township, none are recalled with more sin- cere esteem and respect than William H. McFalls, for many years a well-known contractor and suc- cessful farmer. He was born Nov. 23, 1846, in Providence township, a son of Henrv and Rachel (McCordle) McFalls, of that town, the family be- ing of Scotch-Irish origin. Five children were born to these parents, as follows: John, Amos, William H., Oram and Mary, all of whom have passed out of life with the exception of Amos, who is an estimable citizen and resident of Lancaster city. On June o, 1869, the late William McFalls was united in marriage with Miss Susan Travis, born Jan. 19, 1849, daughter of Washington and Nancy McNarian (Robinson) Travis, the former of whom was a native of Philadelphia. Mr. and Mrs. Travis had a family'of four children, John, Ella, Joshua and Susan, the survivors being Joshua and Susan. The marriag^e of Mr. and Mrs. McFalls was blessed with six children. Aldus E. is a farmer of Providence township, who married Emma St)Te and had two children, Chester, since deceased, and Annie. Ella Naomi is the wife of Aldus Worth, of Lancaster, and has had four children; William E. (deceased), Susan v., Harry C, and Aldus Wesley (deceased). William Wesley commenced business for himself at the age of twenty- three in Providence township, dealing extensively in timber, and at the death of his father purchased the family home, on which he now lives. Cora is deceased; and George and Harry are at home. William McFalls was reared on the old family homestead now in the possession of Aldus E. and through life found his greatest pleasure in agri- cultural pursuits, although he was known as a suc- cessful contractor and dealer in timber. At the time of his death, March 30, 1899, he was possessed of a large and well improved farm, which had been ac- cjuired entirely through his own' eflforts. He was not only known as a most industrious and capable man, but also as one of the most honorable and up- right citizens of his township. In his home circle his death was a sad affliction, his many lovable qualities having endeared him to all with whom he became associated. His interest in the public schools was constant; he there received his own ed- ucation, and as school director he sought to improve those in his section in every way possible. His political affiliation was always with the Democratic party. The death of William H. McFalls was a distinct loss to Providence township, and he was sincerely lamented. He and his wife were both as- sociated with the Methodist Church. HARRY M. STAUFFER, postmaster, dealer in coal, lumber and feed -at Leola, Pa., was bom in New Holland, April 24, 1863, son of David and Anna (Miller) Staufl^er, natives of Roseville and Landisville, respectively, who died at Leola, Penn- sylvania. David Stauffer was bom in 1825, son of Abraham and Elizabeth (Yottie) Stauflfer, of Lancaster coun- ty. Pa., and New Jersey, respectively. He was a pump manufacturer, and became quite prominent in public affairs, having been supervisor of Manheim township in 1850. Pie was a member of the New Mennonite Church. He died Jan. 16, 1894, highly respected by all, and his wife, Anna Miller, born ni 1827, died April 5, 1899. She was the daughter or John and Catherine (Eshleman) Miller of Lan- caster county, Pa. Her remains rest with those ot her husband in the cemetery at Brownstown, West Earl township. To- David Stauffer and wife were bom: Fanny, who married Graybill Mentzer ex- clerk m the recorder's office ; and Harry M. During his bovhood days, Mr. Stauflfer worked upon his father's farm and learned all the details of BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1079 that occupation thoroughly. His education was completed at the Lebanon Valley College. On Nov. 7, 1889, in Blue Ball, this county, Mr. Stauffer was married to Lizzie Weaver, and to their happy union have been born; Fanny, Anna M., Claude R., Ar- leen M. and Elizabeth. For two years he farmed on his own account, but then his attention was turned to his present business of dealing in coal, lumber and feed. In Nov., 1890, he bought the ground where he is now located and established his busi- ness, erecting an up-to-date warehouse. Six years later this was superseded by a most complete three- stpry building, with a capacity of eighteen carloads of grain and feed, all accessible from the lower floor._ To this building, besides elevator and grain cleaning machinerv, have been added saws, planer and matcher, driven by a fifteen horse-power gaso- line engine. In 1891 he received the appointment of postmaster, being generally recognized as the man best fitted for the place. He has built for him- self a modern home, heated by hot water and con- taining the comforts and luxuries of latter-day homes. In 1901 a barn costing $2,000, with ice- house and other shed attachments, was built ; and in 1902 he erected a co^l packet at a cost of $6,000, with a capacity of 2,000 tons of anthracite coal. The yard contains buildings 20x100 ft. for feed in sacks, salt, etc., and also shed room, 20x760 ft., for lumber. This is considered the most complete country business property of its kind in the State. On Jan. 7, 1901, Mr. Stauflfer was made one of the directors of the Conestoga National Bank of Lan- caster. Socially Mr. Stauffer is a member of the Ma- sonic fraternity, belonging to Blue Lodge, No. 476, F. & A. M. ; Goodwin Council, No. 43 ; Royal Arch Chapter, No. 43 ; and Lancaster Commandery No. 13, all of Lancaster. He is also a menlber of the Knights of the Golden Eagle. Politically he is a stanch Republican, and both he and his wife are earnest members of the Methodist Church. Both as a private citizen and a public official, Mr. Stauffer has done his entire duty, and his sterling honesty and uprightness of character have gained for him the unqualified esteem of a large circle of friends. JOHN P. MUELLER, of the firm of Stump &. Mueller, the leading hardware merchants of Marietta, Lancaster county, was born in Lancaster, Pa., Sept. 12, 1866. John C. and Margaret (Ulrich) Mueller, his parents, were natives of Gross Gerau, in the grand duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany. John C. Mueller was a tailor by trade. With his wife and two children he came to America in 1854, settling in Lancaster, Pa., where his wife nassed away in June, 1898, when sixtv-six years old, and where his own death took place in Sept. of the same year, when he was aged seventy-two years. They were members of Zion's Lutheran Church, and their re- mains were interred in its cemetery. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. John C. Mueller were ; Eliza- beth, who was married to Philip Lindeman and died in Lancaster; Rev. George P., a Lutheran clergyman, a resident of Philadelphia and superin- tendent of the Orphans' Home, who died in Read- ing while there on business, leaving his widow, Anna C. (Stump) Mueller, with eight children (she is now at Lancaster) ; Christopher, who died in infancy ; Christiana, at home, in Lancaster ; Mary and John Henry (a tailor), also at home; and John P. John P. Mueller attended school in his native city until thirteen years old and w^s then employed as errand boy by Myers & Rathfon, later receiving promotion to the position of salesman. On March 12, 1891, he came to Marietta and formed his pres- ent partnership. On April 12, 1894, Mr. Mueller was- married, in Lancaster, to Miss Anna C. Hess, and to this union have iDeen born three children: Anna M., Rosa E. and John Richard. Mrs. Anna C. (Hess) Mueller was born in Lancaster, daughter of John and Anna (Wittlinger) Hess, natives of Germany, who early came to Lancaster, Pa., where the father for some vears conducted the "Swan Hotel" but in his declining years retired and passed the remainder of his life in ease and comfort, dying in 1885. His widow still resides in Lancaster. Mr. Mueller may well be styled a self-made man, as it is through his own unaided exertions that he has attained his present high position. In addition to his duties in the mercantile work pertaining to his large hardware trade, he finds time to serve as a director in the Marietta Water Company and as auditor of the Building & Loan Association of Marietta. At the last borough election in Marietta Feb. 18, 1902, he was elected school director. In politics he is a Republican and in religion he is a member of Zion's Lutheran Church. MICHAEL STUMP, senior partner in the pop- ular hardware firm of Stump & Mueller, of Mari- etta, was born in Baden, Germany, in Jan., 1835, and was brought to America by his parents, Adam and Barbara (Gulp) Stump, in 1852. The family located in Marietta, Pa., and here Mrs. Barbara Stump died in 1854, when forty-seven years old, a member of the Lutheran Church. Adam Stump with his son, Jacob C, then went to Ohio, and en- gaged in farming until within a few years of his death, which took place in 1886, at the advanced age of eighty-four years. The children born to. Adam and Barbara Stump numbered four and were named as follows : Michael ; Jacob C, a farmer in Ohio ; Lovina, widow ol Adam Swartzculp, residing in Baltimore, Md. ; and Caroline, widow of William Westenhafer, late foreman of the Haldeman quarry. Michael Stump at the age of ten years began plow- ing on his father's farm, and was held down to this labor until he was fourteen. He then served a three years' apprenticeship at shoemaking, and subse- 1080 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY quently worked on a farm, then with brick and stone masons, in fact at anything he could find to do, until 1859, when he came to Marietta and found employment on his present premises. The place was then occupied as a general store, in which dry goods, hardware and other stock were handled. Al- though the store changed hands several times, the services of Mr. Stump were found to be indispen- sable, and eventually, in 1891, in partnership with Mr. Mueller, he purchased the stock from S. P. Sterrett & Co.^ founding the present prosperous firm. Mr. Stump was married in Lancaster, in 1861, to Miss Leah Hoover, and to this marriage have been born three children, viz. : Anna, widow of Rev. G. P. Mueller, late of Philadelphia; John, de- ceased; and Rev. Joseph, a Lutheran clergyman in Phillipsburg, New Jersey. Mrs. Leah (Hoover) Stump was born in Dau- phin county. Pa., in 1844, daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Conrad) Hoover, the former of whom was a farmer, and died in 1849. To Mr. and Mrs. Hoover were born five children,- viz. : Kate, widow of Joseph Eversol, living in Columbia; Leah, Mrs. Stump ; Mary, wife of Samuel Schrite, a miller at Mt. Joy ; Abraham, in New Mexico ; and Elizabeth, wife of John Haas, a railroad man in Marietta. Mrs. Elizabeth Ploover married, for her second husband, Jacob Dyer, also now deceased, and to this union were born three children, viz : William, a farmer of Ironville ; Louisa, wife of Harry Brant, of Mt. Joy; and John a carpenter of Florin. Mrs. Dyer, who was born in 1816. now resides in Florin, Lancaster county. Mr. Stump is a consistent member of the Lu- theran Church, of which he has been for years a trustee. In politics he is a Republican. He is a self-made business man, and has reached his pres- ent advanced position in mercantile circles entirely through his indefatigable industry and his strict in- tegrity and square dealing. Mr. Stump is a director in the Home Building & Loan Association. JOHN A. BRIMMER, proprietor of the Pret- zel Bakery and one of the leading business men of Lancaster, Pa., was born in Dec, 1861, in Lan- caster, Pa., on the premises he now occupies, son of Andrew and Sarah (Ehler) Brimmer, he a native of Germany and she of Lancaster, Pennsyl- vania. Andrew Brimmer came to the United States in 1838, with his father. John Brimmer, and four brothers, the mother having died in Germany. After arriving in the new country. Andrew Brimmer set- tled in Lancaster, Pa., and was a cigar maker until 1861, when he embarked in the manufacture of pret- zels, which concern is now so ablv continued by his son, John A. Andrew Brimmer died Feb. 11, 1900, aged seventv-one vears, while his wife passed away in 1885, aged fifty-six, both being buried in Lan- caster cemetery. They were members of St. John's Episcopal Church. The following family was born to them: Margaret C, married to A. H. Hammond, a printer of Lancaster ; Albenia, who married F. S. Stacey, a saddler of Lancaster; Mary E., wife of O. J. Kindig of Lebanon, Pa. ; Emma S., a school teacher of Lancaster; Sarah J., who died in in- fancy ; John A. ; James W., who died in Dec, 1901 ; George E., who died in infancy. The father was a man who commanded the highest respect of all with whom he had either business or social relations, and the mother was a woman of high Christian character, beloved by her family and a large circle of intimate friends. As soon as he was old enough to enter his fa- ther's place of business, John A. Brimmer began to learn the trade of a baker, and later was asso- ciated with his father. When the latter died, John A. and liis brother James W. assumed charge of the bakery, but in Dec, 1901, James W., too, died, and John A. became the sole proprietor. The Pretzel Bakery is the largest of its kind in this part of the State, the annual output being about fifty-two tons, all of which product finds a ready market, the repu- tation of this house for the excellence of its goods being widespread. Having devoted his life' to the work, Mr. Brimmer understands every detail of it, and gives his personal supervision to every process of manufacture, thus insuring perfection in every particular. On Sept. 9, 1880, Mr. Brimmer was married to Sarah R. Beitzel, of Lancaster, Pa., and one child has been born of this union, Edith R., a charm- ing young lady, who resides with her parents. Mrs. Brimmer was born June 22, 1859, at Parkesburg, Pa., daughter of Charles and Henretta A. (Bear) Beitzel, natives of York and Lancaster counties, re- spectively. The father died in Lancaster, Pa., Jan. 30, 1900, aged seventy-one years, but the mother still survives, and lives in Lancaster. By occupa- tion, the father was a tailor, and was very success- ful in his business, leaving a comfortable amount of property at his death. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Beitzel were as follows : Charles E., pret- zel baker of Lancaster; Sarah R. ; Mary E., mar- ried to Edward S. Jones, a printer of Philadelphia ; Martha A., married to Louis Darmstetter, a butcher of Philadelphia ; William E., an electrician of Pitts- burg; Ella B., unmarried, who resides with her mother. Mr. and Mrs. Beitzel were consistent mem- bers of the Moravian Church, and Mrs. Beitzel is' still greatly interested in its good work. During his lifetime, _Mr. Beitzel enjoyed the highest respect of a wide circle of business associates, as well as nu- merous friends. The paternal grandfather o£ Mrs. Brimmer was Benjamin Beitzel, a carpenter of York, Pa. On her mother's side, the grandfather of Mrs. Brimmer was Andrew Bear, of Strasburg township, Lancaster county. Pa., where he was one of the leading men, being a merchant and one- time proprietor of a hotel at the old Pennsylvania station, Lancaster. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1081 Mr.. Brimmer is not only a most excellent busi- ness man, but he also takes great pleasure in his fraternal connections, belonging to numerous lodges, in which he has held all the chairs and con- tributed, both of time and money, toward their success, for he is a firm believer in the good ef- fected by these institutions, not only in promoting good fellowship, but also in providing a convenient method of insuring against accident and death. Among the various lodges to whicn Mr. Brimmer belongs are the K. of P., in which he has been Dis- trict Deputy for the past fourteen years ; I. O. O. F., No. 123; Artisans No. 27, O. M. P.; Aerie No. ^4, F. O. 0. E. ; treasurer of Lancaster County U. R. K. of P. ; No. 6 Lancaster Maennerchor and Lancaster Liederkranz. Mr. Brimmer and family are members of St. John's Episcopal Church, in which they take an active part, and all are among the leading people of Lancaster. The political con- victions of Mr. Brimmer are Democratic and he takes special interest in the work of that party. JOHN W. WHITESIDE, a prominent farmer of 'Colerain township, Lancaster county, was born in the township where his busy and useful life is passing, Sept. 13, 1858, and is the son of James and Elizabeth (Irwin") Whiteside. James Whiteside was born in Colerain town- ship, Sept. 23, 1825 ; and his wife, Aug. 29, 1828, in Chester county, the daughter of Peter and Mary Irwin, who were born in Ireland. They settled in Chester county, where they left a family of five children : John, who is dead ; Jane, married to John Pollock, of Downingtown, Chester county; Martha, who married William Mowdy, of Chester county, and is dead; Rebecca, late wife of C. Hammond; Elizabeth, who married James Whiteside. James Whiteside was a son of James Whiteside, who first settled in Colerain township, being a na- tive of this country, and of Scotch-Irish parentage. The Whitesides were Presbyterians in religion, and were interested in th» founding of the first Pres- byterian Church in Colerain township. They set- tled on the farm now owned by Charles Whiteside, where they made imorovements on an extensive scale. The grandfather of James Whiteside, Sr., liad four sons and one daughter. John, Robert, William, and James, all settled and died in Colerain township, James being the onlv one to marry and rear a family. The daughter, Tersey, died a maiden lady, aged eighty-two. James Whiteside, the father of John ,W., set- tled on the old homestead, where he made extensive improvements, and where he died in Dec, 1891. His widow passed to her rest in March, 1894. They were consistent members of the Union Presbyterian Church, in which their children were reared. In politics Mr. Whiteside was a leading Democrat, and held local positions during his active years. He left a family of four children; John, Charles, Samuel and William. Charles Whiteside was born April 16, i860, married Carrie Turner, of Lancaster county, and has his residence on the old homestead. To them were born three children: Mary, Walter and Dora. Samuel Whiteside was born April 12, 1864, and lives at Colerain. His sketch may be found in another place. William Whiteside, born in May, 1866, is a merchant in Little Britain town- ship, and is the father of a numerous family. John W. Whiteside, whose name introduces this article, was educated in the Union High School, and when a young man, he farmed for his uncle, John Whiteside, at the present home, which he purchased after the death of that good man. Mr. Whiteside was married Feb. 22, 1880, to Mary E., the daughter of Frank and Jane A. (Farr) Jones, both born and reared in Philadelphia, and who settled in West Bradford township, Chester county, where they engaged in farming, and where they both died. Mrs. Whiteside was born in Chester county, in Nov., 1856, and was given such educa- tional advantages as the local schools afforded. After their marriage they settled on the farm, and lived in a stone house, built by Samuel McCom- mon, and later the property of the uncle, as noted above. To Mr. and Mrs. Whiteside has come one son, James Fred, born in Aug., 1886. He is now a good and promising student in the Union High School. Thev are members of the Presbyterian Church, at Union, in politics Mr. Whiteside is a Democrat, and has had the office of collector for four years. He has been a member of the board, and has held other official positions. Mrs. Whiteside has a sister, Mrs. Milton Keech, living in Colerain township. One brother, George Jones, is a business man of Chester county. Benja- min and Chester Jones live in Colorado. Lydia Jones married Joseph Darlington, of Chester county. Maurice Jones, now deceased, was a resident of Ches- ter county, where he died, leaving two daughters : Delia, who lives with Mr. and Mrs. Whiteside, and Jennie, a resident of Chester county. John W. Whiteside belongs to an old and promi- nent family of Colerain township. The Whitesides are good farmers, and their neat and well cultivated places are monuments to their thrift and industry. JOSEPH A. HALL. This efficient and popu- lar conductor in the service of the Pennsylvania Railway Companv Was born on a farm some three miles from the town of Oxford, in Chester county, on July 21, 1850. His grandfather was Isaac Hall, a farmer and cooper, and his father, whose name is Isaac A., is also engaged in agricultural pursuits. His mother was Mary A. Newlin, and his parents removed from Chester to Lancaster county in 1855, settling near what is known as the Leaman place, in Paradise township. Isaac A. Hall has been a cit- izen of prominence, having served as a school di- rector and supervisor for six vears. Both he and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. He was born in 1823 and she in 1822. Joseph Hall 1082 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY is the second child and eldest son of his parents. His elder sister, Margaret, married William Ken- nard, and died in May, 1896. A brother, Franklin, is a successful Lancaster county farmer. Salina, Mrs. Samuel Skeene, lives in Lancaster. Keziah married John Withers of Hanover. Ida is Mrs. Choat Heim, and resides at New Hanover. The two younger daughters, Elizabeth and Lizzie, are also married, the former to Thomas Withers, of Lan- caster, and the latter to Aaron Delaney of Dillerville. Joseph A. Hall grew up on the paternal farm, and not until he reached his twenty-sixth year did he decide to cnoose another pursuit in life. On Oct. 5, 1876, however, he came to Columbia, to become a brakeman for the Pennsylvania Com- pany. After eight years he was made flagman, and in Oct., 1888, was promoted to be a conductor. That he is well qualified to discharge the ardu- ous and responsible duties of his position is at- tested by his twelve vears of faithful and successful service. He eniovs the well earned confidence of the company and the genuine respect of his fellow townsmen. He belongs to the Order of Railway Conductors, and in politics he is a Republican. All his farnily belong to the M. E. Church. In January, 187 1, at Bellemonte, he was married to Miss Mary E. Shaub. She was born at Stras- burg, on, June 7, 1853. Her father was Rudolph Shaub, a blacksmith, and her mother's maiden name was Aument. Both are deceased, Mr. Shaub hav- ing passed away at the home of Mr. Hall in 1880. Mary was the youngest child of their marriage, hav- ing had three sisters and two brothers older than herself, named Anna, Albert, Josephine, Frank and Nellie. Anna is Mrs. Hildebrand of Harrisburg; Albert is deceased; Josephine married Harry Tar- bert, an engineer, and lives in Philadelphia; Frank is married and lives in Philadelphia; and Nellie is unmarried in Lancaster. Mrs. Hall died Dec. 15, 1898, and rests in Mt. Bethel cemetery. Her mar- riage was blessed with seven daughters and two sons. Anna E., the eldest, is a school teacher, and unmarried. Jennie E. married Owen McCuUough, a telegraph operator of Wrightsville. The younger children, Bessie M., Eva R, Mabel C. Harry T., NelHe R., Leon T. and Gladys, live at home. JAMES DE VEAUX MIFFLIN, a retired druggist, of Columbia, is a native of the borough and was JDorn March 8, 1852, at No. 163 Walnut street, in the mansion now occupied by his brother. Dr. Flouston Mifflin. The parents of James De V. Mifflin were John Houston and Elizabeth (Heise) Mifflin, the former of whom was a portrait painter. After his marriage his attention was diverted to the care of his real estate, most of the property being within the borough of Columbia. John Houston and Elizabeth Mifflin were the parents of the following named children: Bethel, who died at the age of five years; Lloyd, landscape painter, and author of several volumes of poems ; Martha, who died young ; Houston,' a phy- sician and surgeon in Columbia ; James De V. ; Mary, who died unmarried: and Charles, of New York City. The father of these children died in 1888, at the age of eighty-five years, and the mother in 1854, both in the faith of the Presbyterian Church. James De V. Mifflin, at the age of twenty, en- gaged in the coal trade for three years. He then went to California on a prospecting tour, but after a year spent there, he returned to the East and secured a position as superintendent of an industrial plant at Deshler, Ohio. He next went to Philadelphia, where he was engaged in manufacturing for two years. He then went to North Texas, and for a season en- gaged in sheep-raising, after which, for six years, he was in New Mexico, successfully raising cattle. He then went to Pueblo, Colo., where for six years he was a druggist, and came back to Columbia, Pa., in 1894, to attend to his real estate interests. In June, 1892, in Silverton, Colo., Mr. Mifflin married Miss Sallie G. Austin, who was born in Old Town, Grayson Co., Va., a daughter of John and Evaline Austin, the former of whom is a planter, the latter deceased. Mr. Mifflin cast his first presi- dential vote for LT. S. Grant, but is now inclined to the silver policy, which is diametrically opposed to that of the Republican partv. Mr. Mifflin is a mem- ber of the A. O. U. W., and of the W. of W. PETER DORSHEIMER, Nos. 150 & 152 East Kine street, Lancaster, is a wholesale and retail dealer in wines and liquors, and imports direct Rhine wine, Holland gin, French brandies and Scotch and Irish whiskies. He has made ten trips to Europe in the interests of his business, purchasing direct from the distilleries the goods he cases. This gives his trade a great advantage, because the public knows he has the genuine article. Mr. Dorsheimer was born in Hesse Darmstadt July -12, 1840. His father, also Peter Dorsheimer, sailed for America May 5, i860, landing at New York, July 5. Accompanied by his wife and three children, the elder Dorsheimer went direct to Lan- caster county, where he settled on a farm and pros- pered. Latterly he retired and spent his declining years in Lancaster, where he died at the age of eighty-two. His wife, whose maiden name was Anna M. Jenner. was born in Hesse Darmstadt, the daughter of Phillip Jenner, a highly educated man, for years a manufacturer of clay stoves. His brother, Dr. Edward Jenner, was the famous discoverer of vaccination which has proved such a blessing to mankind. Mrs. Dorsheimer died at the age of seven- ty-six years. Peter Dorsheimer, the wine and liquor merchant, was educated in his native land, being nineteen years old when he arrived in this country. He first secured work on a farm near Lancaster, but after five years went into the hotel business. He became interested in real estate and built between thirty and forty houses in the city and county, em- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1088 ploying as many as one hundred men at times. Mr. Dorsheimer started his wine and liquor business in 1887 and has been very successful in it. In 1860 Mr. Dorsheimer married in this city, Miss Anna E. Stanffer, who was born at Berne on the Rhine, and from this union twelve children were born, all of whom are living, as is also the mother. The children are Daniel M., a hotel keeper at Parkesburg, Pa. : Frank, a carriage builder at Coatesville, Pa. ; Ada, at home; Henry P., a carriage builder at Parkesburg, Pa. ; George, a carriage builder at Coatesville, he being in business in the west end, while his brother Frank manufactures vehicles in the east end ; John, in the cigar business in Boston ; May, wife of William Peterson, manager of freight ship- ping in New York City ; Elizabeth, wife of Charles W. Pennypacker, with the Reading Railroad, at Reading; Benjamin F., associated with his brother, Daniel M., in the hotel business, at Parkesburg; Martin, engaged with his brother Frank in carriage building; Garfield, employed at Slaymaker's lock works, Lancaster ; and Arthur, who assists his father in the wine and liquor business. This is surely a remarkable family record, seldom equalled, a family circle complete and unbroken. All the family attend the St. Paul's Reformed Church. Mr. Dorsheimer is one'of the popular men of Lancaster. He belongs to no secret society, and about the only hobby he has is the Lancaster Road Drivers' Association, of which he is a member and in connection with which he was a prominent figure in the great parade given by that association in Lan- caster, Wednesday, June 12, 1901. No man in the parade was saluted oftener than Peter Dorsheimer, for no man is better knowi; and liked. HARRY LANDIS HERSHEY, collector of internal revenue, although a resident of Harrisburg and a native of Dauphin county, is descended from a family who were among the early settlers of Lan- caster county, while his wife's father was at one time a merchant of Lancaster. For these reasons, if no other, Mr. Hershey is fairly entitled to representa- tion in the biographical annals of Lancaster county. However, he has another and very substantial claim, in. that he fills the most important office in this coun- ty, "an office that has more to do with the people, in a financial way, than any other. His district includes fifteen counties, Lancaster, York, Dauphin, Adams, Bedford, Blair, Cumberland, Franklin, Fulton, Hunt- ingdon, Juanita, Lebanon, Mifflin, Perry and Snyder. His office force consists of twelve clerks, and, be- sides these, he has thirteen outside deputies (one at Harrisburg and two at York), thirty-three store- keepers and gangers, and three United States or general gangers. Mr. Hershey has the distinguished honor of being the internal revenue collector for. the biggest cigar manufacturing district in the United States, the output for the fiscal year ending June 30, 190 T, having been 62.4,844,177 cigars; while the moneys for which Mr. Hershey had to account for that year, amounted to the colossal sum of $3,528,- 250.39. His term of four years expired June i,. 1902, and was continued after that date by filing a new bond. Collector Hershey is also custodian of the public building at Lancaster, Pa., and as such has made a great many improvements in it. It was. during the first term of Collector Plershey, that the great Jacobs-Kending counterfeiting case was dis- covered and it was largely through his efforts that It was brought to light. For this the Secretary of the Treasury, L. J. Gage, and Commissioner of Internal Revenue G. W. Wilson highly complimented him. Harry Landis Hershey is descended from one of three brothers who came to Lancaster county from Holland in the early settlement of Pennsylvania. Two of them left Lancaster county, one of these set- tling in Dauphin county, and there becoming the ancestor of Harry Landis Hershey. Christian Hershey, grandfather of our subject, was born in Dauphin county, where he engaged. in farming un- til his death. Henry Hershey, son of Christian, died forty-five years ago. He married Nancy Landis, daughter of Christian Landis, a distiller and farmer of Dauphin county, who owned teams and carried freight from- Philadelphia to .Pittsburg long before the days of railroads. Mr. and Mrs. .Henry Hershey became the parents of seven children, five of whom are liv- ing: (i) Diana, wife of Dr. Thomas G. Fox, a re- tired physician, ex-Representative of the House of Pennsylvania, and ex-Prothonotary of Dauphin county, of Hummelstown; (2) Christian L. Hershey,. a retired farmer of Hummelstown; (3) Elizabeth,, who became the wife of the late Dr. t. M. Groff, a practicing physician of Ephrata, and who died at her cottage at Asbury Park, in 1895 ; (4) A son who died in infancy; (5) Mary A., widow of Witmer C. Ranck,'who with her daughter now lives on College avenue, Lancaster; (6) Henrietta, widow of George W. Boyd, a merchant of Harrisburg, Pa. ; and (7) Harry L. Hershey, Collector of Internal Revenue. Harry Landis Hershey was born at Hummels- town, Dauphin county, July 7, 1852, and, after being- educated in the public schools of his district and in the Sunnyside Seminary at Hummelstown, went into- the grocery and general merchandising business at Hummelstown, remaining at that for eight months. He then left the familiar scenes of his boyhood, and went to Philadelphia where he clerked for two years in the wholesale flour and feed store of Ronk & Bachman C who were Lancaster county people) . Be- fore beginning that clerkship, however, Mr. Hershey was graduated from Crittenden's Business College, in Philadelphia. Leaving Philadelphia, he went to- Harrisburg, and there clerked in Bergstressen & Boyd's wall-paper store for three years, when the firm failed and Mr. Hershey bought the stock and entered into business for himself. This he continued with much success until he was elected clerk of the 1084 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY orphans and recorder of deeds for Dauphin county. He entered upon the duties of this office Jan. 4, 1891, and, after serving three years, was re-elected. Dur- ing the last year of Mr. Hershey's term as recorder of deeds, he made application for appointment as Collector of Internal Revenue for this district, re- ceiving the appointment on April 30, 1898, and en- tering upon the duties of his office May 30, 1898. In 1880 Mr. Hershey was married to Miss Mary ■Gertrude Buehler, a daughter of one of the early grocers of Lancaster. Her mother was Ann Locher Buehler, a sister of the late D. P. Locher, founder of the banking house of D. P. Locher & Sons, now known as the Lancaster City Trust Company. Mr. Hershey makes his home in the capital city of the State, but spends three and four days of every week in his office in Lancaster, where he is as popular, personally and politically, as he is in Harrisburg. In the latter city, it will be remembered, a big cam- paign club was named after him, the Harry L. Hershey Club, an organization that did very effect- ive work in both of the McKinley campaigns, and which came to Lancaster and took part in a monstrous parade in 1896, Mr. Hershey accompanying them to this city. Always active in politics, Mr. Hershey was made chairman of the Republican City Execu- tive Committee, of Harrisburg,. for four consecutive years, and, after a lapse, was made chairman of it "for two years more. Socially he belongs to no organ- ization, save the Heptasophs, being entirely devoted to the discharge of the responsible duties devolving upon him, for the intelligent performance of which be has received so much well merited praise. OLIVER B. MILLER. Among the substantial and much respected farmer citizens of Lancaster county. Pa., is Oliver B. Miller, the owner of one of the best farms in Strasburg township. His worthy father, Henry S. Miller, died in 1844, at the age of fifty-two years, in Lancaster city, although he was a native of Philadelphia, where he spent his early life and learned the trade of a shoemaker. His marriage took place in Philadelphia, to Susan Watson, a daughter of Oliver Watson, of Strasburg township, and they reared a family of children : _ Elizabeth, who married and moved to Illinois ; Oliver ; John, Tabitha, and Sarah, all deceased. By a previous marriage, the mother had two children, Mary and Lydia Ann Dunkle. Later Henry Miller mo^ed to Lancaster city and engaged in his trade, for a tune being associated with Jacob Gable. Oliver B. Miller was born in Philadelphia, Oct. 19, 1840, but lived in Lancaster city until he was six- teen. On account of limited means, he was compelled to assist in the family -support, entering the woolen mills as early as nine years. The educational advant- ages offered Oliver were very meager, six weeks of attendance at night school covering the whole period, but he did not on this account grow to maturity ignor- ant;, with a desire for knowledge, he took advant- age of every opportunity to increase it, read every book within reach, and opened his intelligent mind to all chances for improvement, this resulting in an as- tonishing amount of general information. That Mr. Miller is an intelligent, well posted man, he owes en- tirely to his own persistent efforts, by which he over- came many obstacles which would have discouraged one less determined. At the age of sixteen he left the mills and made his way into the surrounding country, determined to become a farmer and the owner of some of the fertile land of this vicinity. His first efforts were by the month, and during the following five years he was thus constantly employed, and then began to farm on shares, following this plan so advantageously that at the close of nine years he was possessed of sufficient means to purchase the fine farm which he now owns. This consists of eighty-four acres and is lo- cated three miles from Strasburg, and here he has successfully carried on general farming. Since lo- cating here he has made many permanent improve- ments and now has one of the most desirable estates in this locality. The marriage of Oliver B. Miller was on Dec. 19, i860, to Elizabeth Lyons, a grand-daughter of Abra- ham Hoover, of Strasburg township, and to this union have been born six children: Edward C, a farmer on the home place, who married Mary Wolf, of Lancaster city; Frank H., now residing at home, who married Ella Weaver, who died in 1892 ; Gideon C, who died in 1899, at the age of thirty, a teacher, a graduate of the Millersville Normal School, and for seven years an employe of the government, married to Mary Garber, of Mr. Joy; Mary E., a teacher in the public schools, a graduate of the Millersville Normal School, and also of a college in Columbus, in penmanship and drawing; Ann Elizabeth, who married Enos H. Miller, a farmer of this township ; and Park O., who died at the age of nineteen years. Both Mr. and Mrs. Miller are consistent mem- bers of the Reformed Mennonite Church, and the family is one of the most respected in the neighbor- hood. Mr. Miller has taken a great interest in edu- cational matters, and has given his children every possible advantage. WILLIAM K. GABLE. For twenty-four years Mr. Gable has been in the employ of the Pennsyl- vania Railroad Company, having risen from the po- sition of brakeman to the more responsible post of engineer. In the discharge of these duties he has exhibited the keen intelligence, quick perception and rugged honesty which have characterized him through life. He was born in the township of West Hempfield, Dec. 15, 1852. His father, whose Chris- tian name is Henry, was born in 1827. He is by trade a blacksmith, but ceased active toil many years ago, and is passing life's evening in well earned re- pose. The name of Mr. Gable's mother before mar- riage was Marl Cluke. She was born in 1831, and BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1085 passed away Oct. 4, 1891. Both she and her husband were earnest members of the Reformed Church. They came to Columbia to reside in 1877, and were the parents of four children : William K., Harry H., Anna and Martin. Harry H. is a Pennsylvania Company's flagman and lives in Reading. Anna is the wife of John Kleinfelter, of Cumberland county. Martin is also a railroad man, his home being in Reading. . William K. Gable remained at home until he had passed his thirteenth year, when, a mere boy in point of age, yet full of pluck and grit, he found his way to Chicago, 111. For a year he attended school there, and for three years worked in a box factory. In 1870 he returned to Lancaster county, finding employment as an apprentice in a blacksmith shop in Mountville, where he remained for three months. From Mountville, he went to Lancaster, where he passed six months. The next eighteen months he spent in Mt. Joy. Having learned the trade he readily found employment in Harrisburg as a jour- neyman during the three and a half years following. He subsequently found work at his trade at Pitts- burg and at other points, but his natural impulse was toward the exciting, perilous (and sometimes underpaid) life of a railroad man. His yearning was gratified in 1876, when he entered the Pennsyl- vania Company's seiwice as a brakeman. Six months later he was made a fireman ; and after riding in the cab for five years and eleven months in that capacity, he was promoted to the position of engineer. He is a member of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engin- eers, and in politics is a Republican. Both himself and family attend the Lutheran Church. He married, June 18, 1878, Sally E. Jefifers, who was born at Lancaster, April 3, 1857. Her father, John, was a Union soldier, who sacrificed an arm in his country's service. He died in 1864, in his forty- first year. Mrs. Gable's mother's name before mar- riage was Catherine Lingars. Mrs. Jeffers sur- vived her husband for five years, and died in 1869, aged forty-two 3'ears. Mrs. Gable was their only child. Her mother, however, married again, her second husband being Benjamin Roodman. The is- sue of the second marriage was one daughter, Anna, who married William Noxtoof, of Lancaster. Twelve children have been born to the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Gable: Albert, Harry, Florence, William, Mattie and Stella (twins), John, Irene, Greda, Edna and Alex (twins), and Howard. Five survive and live at home with their parents: Al- bert, Harry, Florence, Stella and Howard. THOMAS H. WENTZ, M. D., a prominent physician of Kirkwood, Colerain township, Lancas- ter county, was born near Peach Bottom, this coun- ty. Feb. 17, 1848, son of John S. and Sarah A. (Penny) Wentz, who were both natives of Lancas- ter county. ' The Wentz family is of German origin. . In 1277 is found mention of Wentzenfeld (Wentz's field), near Bingen-on-the-Rhine, which field was entailed to the Bishops of Mayence. In June or July, 173 1^ four brothers, Beltzer, John, George and Karl, sailed in the ship ''Samuel" from the Palatinate, in Germany. Purchasing land on Skippac creek, in the northern part of Philadelphia (now Montgomery) county, they located there and built a church, which still exists, and is known as Wentz's Church. From these four brothers are descended the many of the name in Lancaster county. John Wentz, great-grandfather of Dr. Wentz, settled in Lancaster county. He had a large family of children. Joseph and Mary (Smith) Wentz, the Doctor's grandparents, were born in Bucks county. They lived for a time in Chester county, and then moved to a place near McCall's Ferry, where he owned a grist and sawmill. He was prominent and prosper- ous in his day, and continued to live at that place for many years, serving long as justice of the peace there. Joseph and Mary Wentz had a large family,, of whom John S., the father of Dr. Thomas H., was the eldest. Joseph died unmarried. William died in Martic township, where he was a farmer. Isaac died in Illinois. Thomas is still at the old home near McCall's Ferry. Susan A. died unmarried. Sarah married Hugh Penny, who lived and died in Drumore, near the' Buck; she is also deceased. Maria is the widow -of James Penny, and has her home in Drumore township. John S. Wentz, the Doctor's father, was born in 1805, in Martic township. He purchased a portion of his father's farm near McCall's Ferry, and de- voted his life to its cultivation. His wife died at their home in 1874, at the age of sixty-two, and he passed away at the home of his son, the Doctor, in 1882. Both were consistent and devout members of the Methodist Church. Politically he was active in the Democratic party. Mrs. Wentz belonged to a family of Scotch-Irish extraction, members of which were named in the assessment rolls of Dru- more as early as 1756. To John S. and Sarah A. A¥entz were born nine children, of whom Mary Wentz, the eldest, is the widow of William F. L. Morrison, resides at Chest- nut Level, and is the mother of two children : Alice, who is the widow of Franklin McPherson; Retta, who died when a young lady. Joseph Wentz, the first son born to John S. Wentz, was born at Liberty Square, in Lancaster county, married Mary McCreary and settled on a farm at Chestnut Level, Lancaster county. To them were born the following family : Harry E., an un- dertaker at Atglen; where he is married and stands high in the community; Zella, married to Thomas Ankrim, of Drumore; Myrtle, married to William Witman, of Little Britain; Sadie, wife of Morris Bunting, a resident of Colerain township ; Ora, who married Thadeus Dennis, a merchant at Kirkwood and who is now dead. ^ 1086 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Dr. William J. Wentz, the second son, studied at the Millersville State Normal School, and received his professional education in Jefferson Medical Col- lege, one of the noted schools of Philadelphia from which he was graduated in 1865. He began his pro- fessional career at New Providence, where he is still in the active practice of his profession. His wife Susan Rohrer, belongs to an old and prominent family, and they have six children : Anna Laverta, who married Alfred W. Mayen, of Lancaster ; John > Mazee ; Emily ; Frank, a practicing physician of Philadelphia ; Charles, a student of medicine in Phil- adelphia. Hugh P. Wentz, the fourth child, was born in Drumore township, where he was reared, married Miss Retta Steel, a native of Lancaster county, and settled at the old homestead, where he died very sud- denly in 1898, aged fifty-seven, leaving a wife and three children, Dwight, Edgar, and Blanche. John Wentz was born at the old homestead, where he was reared to manhood, and married Miss Lucy McPherson. They settled in Martic township, where he is engaged in a mercantile business, at Bethesda. His wife died, leaving him one son, Mel- ville, and he was later married to a lady of Stras- burg, by whom he has had four children: Ira, a merchant and a partner with his father; Maud; Emma, and Ida. Thomas H. Wentz was the sixth child. Emma Wentz married William C. Boyd, of West Drumore, and both passed away, leaving two chil- dren, Clarence, and Letta, who is dead. Laura Wentz was born at the old homestead, married James McSparran, now of West Drumore, and is the mother of six children, Guy, Walter, Ell- wood, Clyde, James and Sarah, who is dead. Hattie, the youngest daughter of John Wentz, is the widow of John McComb, of Fairfield, Lancaster county, and is the mother of two children, Mabel and Helen. Dr. Wentz, whose name introduces this article, received his education at the Chestnut Level Acad- emy, and in a private school at Spring Valley under Prof. John Peoples. When a young man he taught school for three years, and in 1871 took up the study of medicine with his brother at New Provi- dence, and the following year he entered the Jef- ferson Medical College at Philadelphia, from which he was graduated in 1874. The same year he began the practice of his profession at Kirkwood, where he has continued for twenty-seven years. He has purchased real estate in the village and put up a very neat and attractive home. He has been very successful, and stands high in his profession. Dr. Wentz was married Jan. 7, 1879, to Miss Anna Roop, a daughter of Joseph and Mary Roop, and a descendant of an old and prominent family. Mrs. Wentz was born in Lancaster City, Oct. 6, i860, was educated in the city schools, and is the mother of four children : Alletta M., a graduate of the West Chester State Normal School, class of 1901, and now teaching at Kirkwood; Paul R., a student for two years at Union Academy, for one year at Lowe Institute, Port Deposit, and now at the F. and M. College in Lancaster; Mary G., and Joseph C. Dr. Wentz is a Democrat ; he belongs to Chris- tiana Lodged No. 417, F. & A. M. Mrs. Wentz, Alletta, Paul and Mary are all members of the Union Presbyterian Church. Dr. Wentz began for himself at the foot of the ladder of fortune, and has made himself what he is, When he came to Kirkwood, in 1874, he was without financial resources, and had only his own ability and courage to help him. By devotion to his profession, and by living a clean and wholesome life he has built up a profitable practice, and is now known as one of the leading physicians of the county. HON. FRANCIS BERNARD McCLAIN, member of the Legislature from the city district, is one of the most conspicuous figures in the social, political and business life of Lancaster. Francis McClain, Sr., his father, came to Amer- ica from County Londonderry, Ireland, in 1840, and settled in Lancaster in 1841. After working for the McGranns for a time he went into the cattle btisiness m partnership with the late Patrick Kelly. He is now leading a retired life, beloved by all who know him, and carrying his eighty odd years with wonderful vigor, mentally and physically. After locating in Lancaster he married Susan Mulhatten, a daughter of Bernard Mulhatten, whose old home at the corner of North Duke and James streets was for many years one of the landmarks of the town. To this marriage five children were born, four of whom are living, as follows : Francis Bernard, our subject; George Edward, of Philadelphia; Mary Gertrude, wife of James Maloney, in the Pennsyl- vania Railroad service at Dillerville; and John Charles, superintendent in the Kendig Chocolate Works, Lititz, Pennsylvania. Francis Bernard McClain was born in this city, April 14, 1864, and after attending the parochial school, entered the High School and was graduated therefrom in 1881. Entering the employ of Levi Sensenig, the extensive live-stock dealer, young Mc- Clain was bookkeeper, buyer and salesman until 1890, in which year he went into the cattle trade with George R. Sensenig and Andrew F. Frantz. This continued until 1897, and from that time on Mr. McClain and Mr. Frantz conducted their business together. In 1894, Mr. McClain was elected to the Legislature by the Republicans of the city district, and was re-elected in 1896, and again in 1898 ; and Nov. 6, J 900, he was triumphantly elected for another term, which gives him more terms than any other man has ever had from the city district. Mr. Mc- Clain has made a record in the Legislature of which any man might well feel proud. He was a member of the special committee appointed to investigate BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1087 the State Treasury of 1897 ; on the committee to in- vestigate the charges of bribery, in connection with the election for United States Senator ; on the Com- mittee on Buildings , and Grounds ; continuously, during all his terms, on the Committee on Ways and Means; Chairman of the Committee on Municipal Corporations — a committee that has to do with all the legislation affecting municipalities, 1897-99 5 and Speaker pro tern, of the House in 1897, presiding over all the stormy closing deliberations of that ses- sion. In 1901 he was Chairman of the Committee on Corporations; Vice-chairman of the Committee on Appropriations ; Floor Leader of the House on the Republican side ; and again Speaker pro tern. In 1888, Mr. McClain was married to Miss Ellen Bernardine O'Neil, granddaughter of the late James McCafferty, for an ordinary life time connected with our cotton-mills; and a grand-niece of the deeply lamented and dearly-beloved Very Reverend Father Bernard Keeman, who was for more than half a cen- tury pastor of St. Mary's Catholic Church, of this city and at the time of his death, the oldest priest in the United States, having passed away at the age of ninety-seven years. One child was born of this union, but entered into rest in infancy. Mr. Mc- Clain possesses one of the finest tenor voices ever heard in this community, and he is the tenor soloist in St. Anthony's Catholic choir. He has taken part in innumerable concerts for charitable purposes and has never charged nor accepted the slightest re- muneration for services thus rendered, or even for. his expenses. A Catholic in faith, he is liberal in his religious views as he is in all other matters, and he never asks whether Protestants or Catholics are to be the beneficiaries when they knock at his door in the name of charity. ANTHONY G. GREINER, a well-known and highly respected farmer of Mt. Joy township, who now occupies the old homestead farm of his ances- tors, was born there May 19, 1853, son of David S. and Anna (Good) Greiner, both of Mt. Joy town- ship. The parents of Mr. Greiner located on this fine farm in 1852 and for many years David S. Greiner gave his attention to its care and cultivation. For seventeen years prior to his death, however, he took little part in active work. When he passed away June 20, 1900, he had reached his seventy-ninth year and left behind him the record of a kind, useful and benevolent life. The devoted wife survived him but a few months, her death occurring in November, 1900, at the age of seventy-two years. They were laid side by side in Hill Church cemetery, in Lebanon county. Both had been members of the Lutheran Church. Their children were as follows : Anthony G. ; Elizabeth, married to Amos H. Brandt, of Rapho township ; Anna, deceased ; Mary E. mar- ried to Aaron Grossman, near Lititz, Pa. ; Malinda, married to John L. Rue of Rapho township; and George, who married Emma Filliart, and is a horse dealer. Anthony G. Greiner was reared on the farm aud obtained his education in the district schools. Until he was twenty-five years old he remained on the home farm, and then, for four years, worked by the day at various kinds of employment. He then purchased a small farm in Rapho township, which he operated for twO' years, and then returned to the present farm. In politics Mr. Greiner is a stanch Republican, and he is regarded as one of the substantial men and useful citizens of his township. On Nov. 6, 1877, Mr. Greiner was married in Manheim, Pa., to Miss Malinda Ruble, and three children have been born to this marriage, the eldest, William R., dying in infancy. Two other sons, Aaron R. and Harvey, reside at home. Mrs. Greiner was born March 10, 1857, in Rapho township, daughter of Cyrus and Catherine (Myers) Ruble, natives of Lancaster county who now reside in Rapho township, engaged in farming. The father was born in 1823, and the mother in 1825, and both are members of the U.. B. Church. Mr. Ckeiner during an industrious career has accumulated ample means and enjoys the respect of the community, who know him to be a man of in- tegrity and reliability. EPHRAIM C. GINDER, a general farmer of Mt. Joy township, was born March 28, 1855, ^^ Rapho township, Lancaster county, son of Samuel and Mary (Kapp) Ginder, natives of Lancaster county, who, at the age of over seventy years, still reside on their farm in Mt. Joy township. The mother is a consistent member of the Lutheran Church. They were the parents of the following children: Sarah C, who married Morris McAllis- ter, a miller in Mt. Joy township ; Ephraim C. ; Maria C, who married Thomas Smith, of Lebanon county ; Kate C, who married Harry Bennesterfer, of Leba- non, Pa. ; and Lizzie C, at home. The pateriial grandfather of Ephraim C. Ginder was Martin Ginder, a farmer of Rapho township, who married a Fishburn. The Ginder family is one of the old and prominent ones, wealthy, and highly regarded as farmers. The founder of the family came to Lancaster county from Germany about 1730, and many of the name can be found among the best and most substantial citizens of Mt. Joy and other townships. The religious connection of the family has been almost altogether with the Lutheran Church. In 1879, in White Oak, Lancaster county, Ephra- im G. Ginder was united in marriage with Miss Susan Baumberger, and three children were born to this union, viz. : Harvey, who died in infancy ; and Morris B and Farris B., two intelligent young men, residing with their parents. Mrs. Ginder was born in 1856, in Lancaster county, and died there in April, 1890. She was buried in Hill Church cemetery. She 1088 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY was a daughter of Cyrus and Elizabeth (Keller) Baumberger, both natives of Lancaster county. Until his marriage Mr. Ginder lived at home with his parents, beginning at that time to operate his present farm, where he has remained ever since. He is a successful farmer and a much respected citizen. In politics he is a Republican. Like other members of his family, he belongs to the Lutheran Church. « WILLIAM J. INGRAM, of Pleasant Grove, Fulton township, Lancaster county, is one of the most substantial citizens of his neighborhood. He was born in Bart township, July 20, 1845, and was educated in the comtaon schools. He is the son of Archibald and Mary (Johnson) Ingram, of Bart township. Archibald Ingram, Sr., the grandfather -of Will- iam J., was a native of Lancaster county, of English origin. He was the father of these children : John, born March i, 181 1 : Mary, Oct. 15, 1813; Nancy, Oct. 6, 1815; Archibald, Jr., March 10, 1816 (died Dec. 14, 1893) ; William, March 16, 1818; and Re- becca, born March 20, 1820. Archibald Ingram, the father of William J., married Miss Mary John- son in 1 84 1, and to this union came a family of five children : George W., born July 15, 1843, deceased ; William J.; John M., born Jan. 5, 1848, deceased; Mary Rebecca, born July 30, 1852, unmarried ; and Archibald Newton, born Sept. 5, 1856, residing in the West. William J. Ingram married Miss Martha Mc- Elwain, daughter of William McElwain, of Lancas- ter county, on Dec. 24, 1874. Mr. and Mrs. Ingram have had seven children, as follows: William A., born Sept. 26, 1875; Mary M., born July 24, 1877; Nellie A., born Nov. 17, 1879, all of them at home; Ila L., born July 26, 1883 ; L. Zaidee, born Oct. 29, 1885; Hattie May, born May 2, 1890; and Josiah Elmer, born Nov. 4, 1893. Mr. Ingram was reared on the farm and chose that occupation of his own volition. Although poor at the beginning of his career, he has accumulated a sufficiency of worldly goods to keep himself and fam-ily in comfort. His farm comprises 104 acres and is well stocked and improved with all modern farm accessories. In politics this gentleman votes the Democratic ticket ; in religion he is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Mrs. Ingram was born Sept. 5, 1854, and was one of an interesting family of six children, the others being Amanda, John B., William E., Josiah E. and Ella R. Mr. and Mrs. Ingram and family have the respect and kindly regard of all their neigh- bors and are prominent in the social circles of the district. HENRY FOX was during his life one of the leading business citizens of Gap, Pa., and a man of reliabilit)- and integrity. He was born May 28, 1841, in Benhousen, Germany, and passed away at his home in Gap, Pa., Jan. 29, 1895. He was interred in Bellevue cemetery. His parents were Henry and Henrietta (Baker) Fox, both of Germany. Henry Fox, the father of the late Henry Fox, came to America in 1852, with his family and set- tled in Paradise township, in Lancaster county. Pa. He was an accomplished musician, but also possessed a talent for mechanics, being able to manufacture many articles. He was an excellent broom-maker and carried on this business to some extent in Para- dise township, where the family resided until the death of both parents. Mr. Fox possessed ample means. He died in 1.872, at the age of sixty years, his widow surviving until 1886, dying at the age of eighty years. They were members of the Mennon- ite Church. The children born to this union were as follows : J acob, a retired farmer of Stroudsburg ; Barbara, deceased, who married Lawrence W. Lud- wig ; Peter, deceased ; Henry ; Elizabeth, widow of Samuel Etchels, of Lancaster ; Mary, deceased ; Christian, who is a machinist, painter and photog- rapher in Parkesburg, Pa. ; and Uriah is a conduc- tor on the Pennsylvania Railroad, living at Harris- burg. Mr. Fox was a tailor by trade and this business he followed through life, beginning work on the table at the age of eighteen, in time widening its scope until it embraced all branches of merchant tailoring and clothing. He served his apprentice- ship in Williamstown with John Falk, and there he did business on his own account for five years, re- moving then to Paradise, Pa., where he worked for .two years. He was then engaged at various places until 1871, when he returned to Gap, where he found an excellent opportunity for opening up a first-class clothing and tailoring business. Mr. Fox had found just the place he desired and he concen- trated his energies on this business to its great suc- cess. In 1879, with a careful father's forethought, he obtained possession of an adjoining store, which he fitted up as a restaurant, confectionery and to- bacco store, in order to give his children employment and interest, and the excellence of his judgment has been demonstrated by the success which has attend- ed this enterprise. Although the kind and provident father has passed away, the business is in the hands of his children, who have reason to be thankful for his care for their welfare. Mr. Fox was for a long period a notary public, filling that office for some thirteen years. ' His' po- litical affiliation was with the Democratic party. In religious belief, he was a member of the Bellevue Presbyterian Church. Fraternally he belonged to the Knights of Pythias and the Mystic Chain. On July 25, 1863, Mr. Fox was united in mar- riage with Miss. Margaret J. Brown, and the family born to this union consisted of the following mem- bers : Henrietta, deceased, who married Adrian Stone; Christian, who is a telegraph operator mar- ried Catherine Baldwin of Lancaster, and has three children; Mary died in infancy; Samuel M., the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1089 Chicago collector of the Philadelphia Press, who married Anna G. Fisher, of Tacony, Pa., and has two children ; Harry, at home, an assistant in the business, as are also Lizzie V., Thomas, Annie and Charles E. Mrs. Margaret J. (Brown) Fox was born in County Derry, Ireland, daughter of Samuel and Margaret J. (Scott) Brown, of County Derry, who came to America in 1850 and settled in Gap, Pa. Mr. Brown was a linen weaver in his native land and followed the business of carpet weaving in his new home. He died in 1867, at the age of sixty- five years, his wife dying in 1878, also aged sixty- five years. They belonged to the Scotch Presbyter- ian Church, and they were interred in the Bellevue cemetery. Their children were as follows : Joseph, deceased ; Robert, who enlisted for service in the Civil war, but never returned home ; Sarah, deceased wife of John Patterson; Matilda, late wife of Lin- coln Beck ; Mary, who married Albert Gray, of West Chester, Pa. ; Margaret J., who married Henry Fox ; Elizabeth, who married Uriah Fox, a railway con- ductor at Harrisburg; and William, deceased. Few women could have more successfully man- aged the cares of a large business than Mrs. Fox has done ever since the death of her husband. She was appointed notary public in his place and has also filled the duties of that position with excellent judg- ment. The business established by Mr. Fox is now a large department store filled with an assortment of both ladies' and men's furnishing goods of all kinds, fully up-to-date in every particular, comprising also clothing, while the restaurant continues to be as successfully conducted as formerly. Mrs. Fox with her very capable force is enabled to manage the store, the restaurant, and the cigar, tobacco and con- fectionery connection without outside assistance, and the same honest methods are employed which brought this business to the notice of the public in its beginning. Patrons are certain to meet with pleasant and careful attention, their wants are studied and in consequence no more popular, first- class establishment can be found in Gap. The fam- ily is held in high esteem, the children all having grown up to be thrifty, self-supporting, independent and respected. ELIAS HERR, now living a life of retirement in his cozy home, No. 23 North Ann street, Lan- caster, well deserves the ease and comfort he is enjoying, for. he was for thirty years an active farmer. One of the descendants of Hans Herr, the pro- genitor of most, if not all, of the Herrs in the United States, Elias Herr can boast of a very ancient, very numerous and very influential relationship in' Lan- caster county. His grandfather, Abraham Herr, was a farmer of Eden township, and his father, Benjamin Herr, was born on the old homestead in that township. Benjamin Herr removed to Leacock 69 township, near Bird-in-Hand, where, after farming: for many years, he retired, continuing to live on the farm, however, until his death, which occurred in 1879; his beloved wife passed away in 1881. Ben-^ jamin Herr married Mary Ranck, a daughter of Jacob Ranck, a farmer of Strasburg township, and! six sons and. two daughters were born of this union, of whom only three are now living: Jacob, a re- tired farmer of Bird-in-Hand ; John, a retired farmer of Bird-in-Hand; and Elias, of Lancaster. Elias Herr was born on the old homestead in Leacock township, July 12, 1845, ^^^ after being educated in the public schools of the district, left school at the age of seventeen years to work on his father's farm, where he remained for nine years. Then he married and located in East Lampeter township, where he rented and worked a farm be- longing to his father, afterward purchasing that place which he still owns. Mr. Herr, who is a Re- publican in politics, served two terms as a member of the board of school directors of East Lampeter township, and he was always among the foremost in advocating all that was advanced and modern in school matters. Religiously he is a member of the Reformed Church, as are also his wife and daugh- ters. Mr. Herr was married in 1870, to Miss Lydia Groff, daughter of the late Samuel Groff, a farmer of Leacock township. To this union have come two daughters, Mary A. and Maggie G., both of whom are at home and are assisting their mother. Mr. Herr had the good sense to retire at the age of fifty- six years, and spends his time • pleasantly, taking especial delight in reading, and occasionally "run- ning out" to his elegant sixty-five-acre farm near Bird-in-Hand, working about the old place just to "keep his hand in." WINFIELD SCOTT KAUFFMAN, the genial and popular landlord and proprietor of the "Gor- donville Hotel," at Gordonville, Leacock township, Lancaster county, was born at Roseville, Manheim township, Jan. 25, 1869, and is a son of Amos H. and Susan (Frey) Kauffman. Amos H. Kaufifman was born in 1846 in Manor township, and for thirteen years was engaged in the hotel business. The most of the time until 1875 he was a farmer, that year taking charge of a hotel ac Mt. Joy, which he conducted for a year; for ten years he was a landlord of a popular hotel at Rohrerstown : at Masonville he was engaged in the same business something over a year. At the end of that time he resumed farming in Providence town- ship, where he is still engaged in the cultivation of the soil. He married Susan Frey, who was born in 1847 ; and they are the parents of the following- family: Winfield Scott; Anna May, who died young; George W., deceased; Harry, a farmer in Providence township; Frances, deceased; Ella wife or Amos Groff, living in Drumore township ; and i-illa, unmarried, and at home. 1090 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Mr. Kauffman's paternal grandfather, Isaac Kauffman, married a Hess, and they were farming people of Lancaster county; his maternal grandfa- ther was Frederick Frey, also of Lancaster county. Winfield Scott Kauffman and Laura E. Weiler were married at Quarryville, Pa., in Novenjber, 1893, and their union has been blessed- bv the birth of one child, Laura M. Mrs. Laura E. Kauffman was born in Caernarvon township, Sept. 28, 1866, and is a daughter of Silas and Rebecca (Lockard) Weiler. Her father was born in Caernarvon township, and was in the hotel business at Quarryville at the time of his death in 1879. Her mother was born in Chester county, and* after her husband's death, carried on the hotel until her death in 1898. She was seventy-two years old at her demise, and her husband fifty-six. Both fa- ther and mother were members of the Mennonite Church, and were buried in the cemetery connected with the Mennonite Church in Providence. They had the following children: Anna, married 'to James Jeffers, and now dead; Diora, married to Christ. Trout, and now dead; Heber, in the hotel business at Delta, Pa. ; Theodore, a resident of East Earl township ; Ida, unmarried, and living in Lan- caster, Pa.; Thornton, deceased; Laura E., Mrs. Kauffman; Isaiah, deceased; Maggie, wife of Lea- man Bair. Mrs. Kauffman's paternal grandparents were David and Elizabeth (Beam) Weiler, of German birth. Her mother's parents were Samuel and Sarah Lockard, who were born in Ireland. Winfield Scott Kauffman was reared in the hotel where he spent the earlier part of his life. When he was sixteen years old he was sent to Millersville Normal, where he spent two years. For a year he was employed on the farm, and then was engaged as a hotel clerk in various places until 1897, when he took charge of the hotel at Safe Harbor, where he remained a year and a half. In April, 1899, he came to his present location, and here he has achieved a decided success. Socially he is connected with the Red Men and with the I. O. O. F., where he has taken the Encampment Degrees, and holds im- portant positions ; he is also a member of the Patriarchs Militant, I. O. O. F., and Rebekah De- gree, I. O. O. F. ; a past officer in the subordinate Lodge and Encampment; and a member of F. O. E. Aerie No. 84. He is a Republican, and is mak- ing himself felt as a leading man in the community. EZRA M. GOOD, who was until recently the popular and affable hotel proprietor at Cen- tral Manor, is a native of Lancaster county and was born June 11, 1863. He was reared on the farm of his parents, John J. and Elizabeth (Mylin) Good in Martic township, and was educated in the public schools. At the age of twenty-one years he left the home place and for a year farmed on his own account, and for the next two years was engaged in burning (or making) lime. He then succeeded David G. Good, at Marticville, as hotelkeeper, becoming quite a favorite with the transient as well as permanent population whose circumstances made it convenient to avail themselves of hotel accommodations, and the result to himself was so satisfactory that he retained the manage- ment of the hotel fully eight years. Mr. Good then purchased the commodious and well equipped establishment at Central Manor, succeeding Mrs. Brennerman, and this is the oldest and most home- like public house in the county. Mr. Good, how- ever, on securing this hotel, at once set to work at remodeling and improving it in all its parts, making it one of the most attractive resorts in the county, as well as the most comfortable. He set a choice table, and took pains to have the attendants polite and attractive. The sleeping rooms are clean and well furnished, and the weary traveler or exhausted local- business man, if he be so fortunate as to find a lodging within the walls of this house, always secures a sound and refreshing night's rest. On April i, 1901, Mr. Good rented the "Central Manor Hotel" and moved to Millersville, Pa., where he bought a home. He also purchased a warehouse and is at present dealing in leaf tobacco, as well as carrying on a business known as the Safe Harbor Sand Co., with works at Safe Harbor and Refton, Pa., whose daily capacity is 300 tons. Politically Mr. Good is a Republican, and fra- ternally is a member of Kosciusko Lodge, No. 374, I. O. O. F., and Royal Arcanum, No. 1105. Mr. Good was united in marriage, in 1885, to Miss Cecelia M. Groff, daughter of Francis B. Groff, and to this marriage have been born three children : Gertrude, born Sept. 15, 1886; Hattie, born Dec. 15, 1891 ; and Stella, born Nov. 10, 1893. Mr. Good is looked upon as one of the most progressive men in the county, and in his calling there is not one who equals him in popularity, or is held in higher esteem by the general public. SAMUEL WILLIAM DILLER, clerk to the county commissioners of Lancaster county, belongs to a family that has for generations been prominent in the business affairs of this community. His grandfather, George Diller, was in his day and gen- eration the most noted auctioneer in Lancaster. His father, Samuel Diller, has long been identified with local industries ^ as a manufacturing coppersmith, and, although in his eighty-first year, still carries on that busmess. Samuel Diller married Mary Re- becca Kantz, daughter of the late J. F. Kantz, a government contractor, who was the intimate friend of James Buchanan, President of the United States Five children were born of this union, three of whom survive, as follows: George J., a cigar dealer of Lancaster; Samuel W., our subject; and Charles G., who IS assisting his father in the coppersmithine business. ^ Samuel William Diller was born in Lancaster, Feb. 7, 1863, and received his education in the pub- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1091 lie schools. He left the high school to work at cop- persmithing with his father, remaining at that em- ployment until January, 1899, when he was elected chief clerk of the county commissioners for one year, to fill an unexpired term. At the end of that time, by reason of his faithfulness and efficiency, he was re-elected for a term of three years, expiring on the first Monday in January, 1903. Mr. Diller was married Dec. 11, 1886, to Miss Florence Beard, daughter of the late David F. Beard, of Lancaster. Mrs. Diller entered into rest June 15, 1900, leaving two children : May, who attends the Madame Cotta College ; and Samuel W., Jr., also at school. Mr. Diller owns and occupies a comfortable home at No. 137 South Prince street. He is a mem- ber of the Artisans, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, and the Blue Lodge and the Lodge of Per- fection of the Masonic Fraternity. Religiously he is an Episcopalian, belonging to St. John's Episcopal Church. The Dillers have long connected with that denomination, in which some of the family have been prominent clergymen; a first cousin of Samuel W. Diller, Rev. Alonzo P. Diller, was among the vic- tims of the terrible Johnstown flood. An intelligent and painstaking official, Mr. Diller has made hosts of friends as clerk of the county commissioners, a position that brings him in contact with great num- bers of the most prominent people, and which calls for qualifications not necessary in performing the duties of an ordinary clerkship. All who have watched the affairs of the Lancaster county com- missioners are free to admit, however, that Mr. Diller "is the right man in the right place." HENRY R. BAIR, of Earl township, Lancaster county, belonged to a family which has been estab- lished in the country since about 1707, and worthily sustains an old and honored name. That year three brothers came from Germany, and settled in Earl township, near Ellsworth, or what is now known as Vici. Of these three, Jacob was the ancestor of Henry R. The three brothers took up a large tract of land in the southern part of Earl township, and making a clearing in the forest founded a home which to the present time has never wanted a Bair for an owner. It is said that when the Dififen- derfers came into Lancaster county, they had hard fortunes, and Jacob Bair, the great-great-grandfa- ther of Henry R., presented them with a cow, as a donation towards a fresh start in life. The Bair family were sturdy pioneers, honorable and indus- trious people, and early established a lasting reputa- tion for honesty and integrity. David Bair, the grandson of Jacob, noted above, is the next in the family line of whom anything defin- ite is known. He and his wife, Barbara, were the grandparents of Henry R. Bair. He was a farmer, and died in 1848, at the age of eighty-one years. To this worthy couple were born nine children; Will- iam, Samuel, Martin, Isaac, David, Annie, Eliza- beth, Rachel and Susan. This David Bair was a member of the Mennonite Church, and a man of character and standing in his day. David Bair, noted as the fifth member of the above family of children, was born and reared in the vicinity of Ellsworth, where he spent his life, and died at the age of seventy-five years, in 1880. He kept close to the soil, and was a striking representa- tive of the agricultural interests of Lancaster coun- ty. His landed possessions were quite extensive, and he became very prosperous. Magdalina Resh, his wife, was a daughter of Henry Resh, and was born in Leacock township, not far from Bird-in- Hand, on Jan. 21, 1810; she died Jan. 13, 1885. To them were born three children : Annie, who became the wife of Dr. Albright, of Lancaster, and died in 1871 ; Isaac, a resident of Philadelphia ; and Henry R. Henry R. Bair was born on the farm near Ells- worth, June 25, 1841', and when about twenty-two years of age began farming on the old homestead, where he remained some seven or eight years. About this time he sold out and went west to Darke county, Ohio, where he engaged in milling. After six months he was obliged to give it up on account of malaria, and returned to Lancaster county, to take up for a time the pump making business, putting out many of the "old common sense pumps" that are so numerous still in Lancaster county. For several years he was engaged in the ice business, erecting a large ice plant with a capacity for 1,000 tons. -He did a wholesale business, and supplied New Holland and many other local points. His home, put up in 1875, was comfortable and pleasant, in everything indicated thrift and prosperity, and was one of the most attractive in the neighborhood. Mr. Bair was married Dec. 31, 1864, to Miss Mary Bair, a daughter of John and Caroline (Eck- ert) Bair, of Upper Leacock township, where her parents lived. John Bair was a farmer, and was also a drover, doing a large business, and was one of the prominent men of the county in his day. His death occurred in 1892. He was born in 1817. His wife was born Dec. 21, 1820, and died Feb. 7, 1887. They had a family of eight children : Levi, living in Lancaster ; Mary, noted above as Mrs. Henry R. Bair ; Elmira, the widow of John Rover, having her home in Lea- cock township ; John T., who resides in Earl town- ship; Caroline C, the wife of John Bair, and living in Leacock township ; Anna M., the widow of David Kling, residing in Lancaster; George L., deceased; Rufus G., who lives in the West. The grandparents of Mrs. Bair were George and Magdalina (Shaefifer) Bair. They were members of the Dunkard Church, and were farming people of I'^pper Leacock township. Henry R. Bair and his wife had a family of six children who are living, and one who is dead : El- mira, the wife of Diller Honder, of Philadelphia, 1092 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Pa. ; Emma and Caroline, at home ; Annie, the wife of Mihon Jackson, of Coatesville ; Miss Mary, who is a cigarmaker at Philoda, Pa. ; Alta R., at home. Mrs. Bair and. her daughters belong to the United Brethren Church. Mr. Bair was a Republican, and served by ap- pointment for one year as a justice of the peace. The old family burying ground in Earl township, near the village of Ellsworth, where the faniily for many generations have been laid to rest, was incorporated under the name of the Bair Cemetery Association, Henry R. Bair being president, J. D. Bair being secretary, and Aaron H. Bair, treasurer. The fund for the preservation and maintenance of the ceme- tery, $250.00, was donated by William Bair, an uncle of Henry R. Mr. Bair died Jan. 31, 1902. MARTIN R. GOOD, a prominent citizen and well-known farmer of Salisbury township, was born in New Holland, Pa., July 16, '1843, son of Michael and Ann M. (Ranck) Good, this family being one of the old and honorable ones of Lancaster county. ( More extended mention 'will be found in another part of this volume.) Since he was ten years old, Mr. Good has taken care of himself, at that early age beginning to work among the neighboring farmers. He then learned the saddler trade and worked at it in various locali- ties, at intervals, for twenty-five years. He spent one year at the trade in New Milltown, several months at Hinkletown, a few months at Philadel- phia and then was at Blue Ball, Pa., where he worked until June, 1863. At this time he enlisted for a three months' service in the army, being dis- charged seven weeks later, in Reading, having been connected with the 47th P. V. He then went to Washington city and acted as night watchman in the Quartermaster's department for a few months, afterwards returning to Blue Ball, where he lived until Sept. 10, 1864, \yhen he re-enlisted, entering Company K, 199th Regiment, P. V., for a one-year term, and was sent to the army then located near Richmond. He saw some hard service during this time, participating in all the battles of the regiment in the front of Petersburg, Bush River, Rice's Sta- tion, Farmvi-lle and Appomatox, and was mustered out of service at Richmond, Va., receiving his hon- orable discharge in July, 1865, at Philadelphia. After his discharge from the army, he went to New Hol- land, Pa., and for twenty years was engaged in the harness business in that place. After his marriage, Mr. Good moved near Cam- bridge and engaged in tobacco culture for one year, moving to his present farm, in the spring of 1887. This valuable property comprises seventy-two acres and he has placed it under fine cultivation, making it not only a comfortable- home, but a profit producing piece of property. He is a Republican in his political sympathv, while fraternally he is connected with the K. of P.', being a P. C, and with the I. O. O. F., both lodge and encampment in this order, being a P. C. P. in the latter. Although he does not belong to the Reformed Church, he accompanies his wife, who is a member, and is one of the liberal supporters. On March o, 1886, at Anselma, in Chester coun- ty, Pa., Mr. Good was married to Rebecca E. Davis, and a little daughter Ann M. was born to this union, Oct. 28, 1890; she died in infancy. Mrs. Good was born in Uw'chland township, Chester county, daugh- ter of Madison and Ann (March) Davis, of Chester county, the former of whom was a successful farm- er, who was born in 1813, and died in 1863. His. wife survived tmtil 1890, dying at the age of seventy- three years. They were members of the German Re- formed Church. ' Their children were : Mary A., the widow of Jerome March, who lives with Mr. Good; Amanda, who died in infancy; Lavina, wha^ died in 1899, the wife of Thomas Garber; Emma E., who married Penrose H. Emrey, a dairy farmer of Cambridge, Pa.; Maggie, who died in Kansas, May 12, 1894, the wife of John W. Barrett; Re- becca, the wife of Mr. Good ; Ella R., who married- John W. Overdorf, a farmer in Chester county, and who died Feb. 3, 1902; and Louis R., who died in 1885. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Good were Roland and Rebecca (Keely) Davis, of Chester county, where Mr. Davis was a farmer. He was of Welsh extraction. On the maternal side, the grand- parents were farming people of German extraction, Nicholas and Elizabeth (Emrey) March. Mr. Good is very well known in his community and enjoys in marked degree the respect and con- fidence of his fellow citizens. Taking great pride in farming, and being a great reader of modern agri- cultural literature, he keeps well posted on all the latest topics, as well as experimenting a great deal on his farm. He is well in the front rank of his pro- fession, so much so that his advice and counsel are often sought by his neighbors and friends, who place great confidence in him on all such matters. JOHN KAUFFMAN WISLER, ex-deputy sheriff of Lancaster county, and now interested in the Lancaster Realty Company, at Nos. 18-22 East Orange street, is one of the best known men in Lan- caster. Mr. Wisler's great-great-grandfather came tec America from Germany, so the family is a very old one in this country. His grandfather, John Wisler, who was a farmer of Montgomery county. Pa., long ago entered into rest. Mr. Wisler's father, Jomas- Wisler, although now almost eighty years old, is actively engaged at farming in Drumore township, Lancaster county. Jomas Wisler married Fanny Kauffman, daughter of Henry Kauffman, a prom- inent farmer of Manor township, and eleven children were born to them, of whom seven are living, as fol- lows : Frank, a retired resident of Lancaster ; Mary, wife of William Henry, a farmer of Providence BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1093 township, this county; Jacob, a tobacco fanner of East Hempfield ; Rachel, wife of George Shenk, of Lancaster city; Lavina, wife of David Martin, of Ephrata; Salinda,. widow of Frederick Shoff, and now keeping house for her venerable father; and John Kauffman. John Kauffman Wisler was born in Montgomery -county, Pa., April i8, 1859, and, his parents having removed to Lancaster county, he was educated in the public schools of East Hempfield township. At the age of thirteen years he left school and went to work on his father's farm, remaining there until he was twenty-eight years old, when he married and went to farming on his own account, in Drumore town- ship. There he remained four years. Tiring of farrning, Mr. Wisler came to Lancaster, and, after serving one year as under keeper in the Lancaster county prison, became a deputy sheriff, remaining in that responsible position for six years under Sher- iffs Hershey and Myers. We next find him an auc- tioneer for Moore & Rudey, the real estate dealers ; then he became successor to Mr. Rudey, retired, and for a time was a partner of the auctioneer branch of the business. On the formation of the Lancaster Realty Company, Mr. Wisler became interested again in the auctioneering branch of the business, and so remains, having succeeded in building up an immense trade. It is not denied that Mr. Wisler has conducted more sales, during the years he has been in business, than hais any other auctioneer in the city ill the same period. Mr. Wisler married Miss Lizzie Blotenberger, daughter of Christian Blotenberger, a prosperous farmer of East Hempfield township, and two chil- dren were born of the union, liva and Chester, both of whom are attending school. Religiously Mr. W^isler is of the New Mennonite Church ; socially he belongs to the Jr. O. U. A. M. ; politically he is a Republican ; and politically, socially and personally, ex-deputy sheriff" John K. Wisler is a justly popu- lar man. SAMUEL G. GENSEMER, who died April 24, 1896, was a pioneer in the modern building improve- ments of North Queen street, Lancaster. He erected the commodious store and dwelling now in the pos- session of Mrs. Gensemer, at a time when it took •courage to erect such a large and costly building. He was also one of the promoters of the Northern Market, and was at one time an extensive stock- iiolder there. After coming to Lancaster, Mr. Gen- semer kept the "Washington Hotel" for three years, and then successfully engaged in the wine and liquor business for thirtv-two years. He was very popular in business and social circles, and no man in the community died more lamented. Mrs. Gensemer was, in her maidenhood, Mary A. Stauffer, daughter of the late Daniel Stauffer, a farmer of Manor township, and his wife, Martha Martin, daughter of Samuel Martin, a farmer of Drumore township, and a member of a long-lived family. Mrs. Stauffer is now eighty-six years of age, one of nine children, seven of whom are living, among these are two pairs of twins, the oldest pair being now eighty-three years old and the youngest two, seventy-three. Mrs. Gensemer's grandfather died at the age of eighty-five years, and her grand- mother at the age of eighty-two. In Daniel- Stauffer's family was one pair of twins. Mary A. Stauffer was married to Samuel G. Gensemer, in 1862, and their union was blessed with two children: George, who died in infancy ; and Emily, the wife of Samuel King, who, for the past nineteen years, has been engaged in the lumber business in Eliza- bethtown, N. C. Mrs. King entered into rest when her daughter, Emily Gensemer King, was only seventeen days old. From that day to this. Miss Emily has made her home with her grandmother, Mrs. Gensemer, who has shown her all the love and tender care that her now sainted mother could have given; she is in the class of 1903, Girls' High School, Lancaster. Mrs. Gensemer is an earnest member of the Lutheran Church of the Holy Trinity, and being possessed of a gentle, kindly nature, has hosts of friends. She resides in the large and handsorne home which her husband built at No. 251 North Queen street. JOHN SHENBERGER (deceased), through the years of his identification with Columbia, enjoyed the highest respect of his fellow townsmen by reason of his strict integrity and sterling worth. He was an upright and honorable business man and the prosperity that crowned his efforts was certainly well deserved. His devotion to the public welfare also made him a valued factor in public life, and in his death, Columbia was deprived of one of her best citizens. Mr. Shenberger was born at Margaretta Fur- nace, York Co., Pa., Nov. 20, 1827, a son of George and Margaret (Poff) Shenberger, of that county, where the father died in 1840, aged about thirty- eight years, the mother in 1893, aged ninety-one years. At the time of her death the latter was living with her son in Columbia, but visiting in York county. The children of the family were: Sarah, widow of Henry Graybel and a resident of Hellam, York county ; Mary, wife of Henry Reisinger ; Mar- garet, deceased wife of Benjamin Kaufman; John; Eliza, deceased wife of Adam Goodman; and George, deceased. The boyhood and youth of John Shenberger were passed on the home farm until fifteen years of age, when he came to Columbia and served an appren- ticeship with John Shuman, a cabinetmaker and undertaker. On attaining his majority, he bought out his employer, John Shuman, and began business for himself along those lines, but in 1880 commenced handling carpets and furniture and devoted his at- tention to those lines and to undertaking until his death. 1094 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Mr. Shenberger was three times married, his first wife being Martha Wilson, who died leaving no children. His second wife was Eliza Schroder, a native of York county, who died in 1861, at the age of twenty-seven years. There were three children born of this union, but John died at the age of thirty years, and Mary E. at the age of twelve. The only one now living is William H., who succeeded his father in business, and now conducts a large furni- ture, undertaking and carpet establishment in Columbia. He is one of the most progressive and prominent business men of the city. On Nov. 12, 1862, in Middletown, Del., Mr. Shenberger married Miss Anna J. B. Layton, who was born in Newcastle county, in that State, a daugh- ter of Albert and Lydia A. (Straughen) Layton, natives of Salem county, N. J. Her father, who was a prominent farmer, died at the age of fifty- seven years, her mother at the age of sixty-seven. Both were active and faithful members of the M. E. Church. In their family were the following chil- dren : Hiram and Rachel, both deceased ; Safety, a M. E. minister, who died in a hospital on Staten Island while returning from Mexico ; Thomas, a car manufacturer of Wilmington, Del. ; Lydia, widow of John Cleaver and a resident of Clayton, Del. ; Albert and Nathan, deceased ; Margaret E., who spent eight years as a missionary at Calcutta, India, and then returned home, but four years later went to Cawnpore, India, where she died of cholera ; and Anna J. B., now Mrs. Shenberger. Mr. Shenberger died Nov. 12, 1895, and was laid to rest in Mt. Bethel cemetery, Columbia. As a Republican, he took an active interest in political affairs, and served as chief burgess of Columbia one year. Fraternally he was Master Mason, and also a member of the Artisans and the Independent Or- der of Odd Fellows and Encampment. He was an active and prominent member of the M. E. Church of Columbia, and was connected with the official board during his entire relation with the church. His life was manly, his actions sincere, and his example well worthy of emulation. His estimable wife is also an active worker in the church, and has been corresponding secretary of the Woman's For- eign Missionary Society for the past seventeen years. EMANUEL P. HOSTETTER, a successful florist of Manheim, Lancaster Co., Pa., was born on the old homestead about a half mile from that place, Oct. 6, 1856, a son of David and Maria (Piffer) Hostetter, also natives of Lancaster county, and rep- resentatives of two of its old families. The former was born on the old homestead near Manheim, the latter near Petersburg. It is supposed that the pa- ternal grandfather. Rev. Jacob Hostetter, was also born on the old homestead, as he was a native of this county, and made his home there throughout life. He was a very ambitious man and very successful. Being a natural mechanic, he made some of his own farm machinery and wagons, also did tailoring and shoemaking, and later in life made baskets, but farm- ing claimed the greater part of his attention. He was a minister of the Mennonite Church many years, and served as bishop in the same. His wife, Eliza- beth Miller, was also a native of Lancaster county. David Hostetter, father of Emanuel P., was educated in the common schools, and during his active business life engaged in farming on the old homestead, where he died in 1885 at the age of sixty-nine years, three months, twenty-two days, his wife in 1898, at the age. of seventy-eight years, eleven months and nineteen days. They were de- voted to their family and were people of the high- est respectability. They had ten children who grew to maturity, namely : Jacob P., now deceased, long engaged in farming near Lancaster Junction, but living a quiet, retired life near Manheim at the time of his death ; Lizzie, the wife of Henry N. Eby, of Salunga, Lancaster county; Josiah, deceased, a farmer near Manheim ; Abraham, a florist of Man- heim ; David M., a retired farmer, green house veg- etable grower and florist, of Marshalltown, Iowa; Sarah A., a resident of Manheim ; Nathan, a farmer living one mile from that place ; Emanuel P. ; Cephas, a farmer living near Manheim; and Benja- min F., a farmer and truck gardener of Lancaster. During his boyhood Emanuel P. Hostetter at- tended the public schools and remained on the home farm until after the death of his father, when he came to Manheim and engaged in the trucking busi- ness for several years. In 1890 he commenced cul- tivating carnations and violets in a small way, erect- ing two green houses, 50x9 ft., but ere long he found his accommodations were not adequate to meet the demands of his constantly increasing business and he was compelled to enlarge his plant, which is now one of the finest in this section of the State. He has erected additional buildings from time to time, and now has between 70,000 and 75,000 feet of glass in his greenhouses. He raises carnations, violets, sweet peas, mignonette, pansies and vegetable plants, and finds a ready market for his goods in Philadelphia, Harrisburg, Lebanon, Reading, Allegheny and Pitts- burg. He grows annually as many as 45,000 plants, and devotes his entire time and attention to his business. Although he began as a novice, he has. developed into a first class florist. Mr. Hostetter is also a stockholder and director of the Manheim & Lancaster Turnpike, and is a man of marked busi- ness and executive ability, energetic and progressive. In his political affiliations he is a Republican, and has efficiently served as a member of the city counciL MICHAEL SCHAIBLEY, a prominent wheel- wright and successful business man of Columbia, Pa., was born in Wurteraberg, Germany, Jan. 18, 1845, a son of Conrad and Catherine (Deitz) Schaib- ley, also natives of Wurtemberg, where the father. successfully engaged in agricultural pursuits untip 1 866, when they came to America and took up their BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1095 residence in Columbia, Pa., living retired through- out the remainder of his life. He died in 1875, at the age of seventy-five years, his wife in 1868, at the age of eighty-eight, and both were buried in Mt. Bethel cemetery, Columbia. They were earnest members of the Lutheran Church and were held in high regard by all who knew them. Of their twelve children four died in infancy and the others were as follows : Jacob, who died in Lancaster, Pa. ; Mary, wife of John J. W. Duttenhofer, who is living re- tired in that city; Conrad, a farmer of Lancaster county; Catherine, wife of John Pfeifer, a retired resident of Columbia; Sophia, who married first Philip Hagert and second Conrad Myers and died in 1869; Margaret, who married John Metzger and died in Germany; Regina, who married Nicholas Wholes and died in Lancaster, Pa.; and Michael, who is mentioned below. During his boyhood Michael Schaibley attended the public schools of his native land.' Bidding good- by to home and friends, he came to the New World alone, at the age of fifteen years and located in Co- lumbia, Pa., where he served a three years' appren- ticeship to the wagonmaker's trade with J. W. Dut- tenhofer. In March, 1863, during the dark days of the Civil war, he went to Washington, D. C, and en- tered the government service as a wagonmaker, and remained there until May 30, 1864, when he was transferred to the division of the army then sta- ttioned in front of Petersburg, where he remained until discharged, June 16, 1865. Returning to Co- lumbia, Mr. Schaibley continued to work for Mr. Duttenhofer until April i, 1867, when he purchased the business and has since carried it on with marked success. On Feb. 20, 1867, in Columbia, Mr. Schaibley married Miss Dora Stetter, and to them were born five children, namely : William, who died at the age of three years and four months; Charles W., who married Mary E. Elden and is conducting a five and ten cent department store in Waynesboro, Pa. ; Harry S., who died in 1880 ; and Emma R. and Edith M., at home. Mrs. Schaibley was born in the Grand Duchy of Hessen, Germany, June 30, 1849, and was brought to the United States in 1862 by her par- ents, William and Margaret Stetter, also natives of Germany, who located in Columbia, Pa. The fa- ther, who was a shoemaker by trade, died- in that city in 1872, at the age of sixty-nine years, but the mother is still living at the age of ninety and now makes her home with Mr. Schaibley. Their children were Hannah, wife of Philip Habel, of Columbia; Eliza- beth, wife of Michael Beinhauer, of the same place ; Mary, wife of Joseph Grab, of Germany : William, a railroad engineer of Columbia, Pa. ; and Dora, wife of Michael Schaibley of this review. Mr. Schaibley affiliates with the Republican party, is a Lutheran in religious beHef, and in his social relations is a member of the Odd Fellows Lodge and Encampment, and the Heptasophs. His business interests have been so managed as to win him the confidence of the public and the prosperity which should always attend honorable efifort, for he has led an upright and useful life. JOHN H. BAILEY, one of the prominent engi- neers in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, and a highly esteemed citizen of Colum- bia, was born June 3, 1857, in West Fallowfield township, Chester county. Pa., of which county his parents, John H. and Catherine (Albright) Bailey, were also natives. The father was a farmer by oc- cupation and one of the prominent and influential citizens of his community, filling several township offices, such as assessor, tax collector and supervisor. His religious belief was more in accordance with the doctrines of the Baptist Church, while his wife held membership in the M. E. Church. He died in Ches- ter county, June 4, 1871, aged forty-seven years, and she departed this life at Gap, Lancaster county. May 24, 1884, aged fifty-eight. In the family of this worthy couple were six children, all of whom are now deceased, with the exception of John H., the fourth in order of birth. The others were Sarah A., wife of Samuel McDonald; Salinda, who died in infancy; Catherine, wife of Adam Wise; Benja- min F. ; and Elizabeth L., wife of George Brown. Mr. Bailey, whose name introduces this review, was reared on a farm, and at the age of fifteen com- menced operating a threshing machine, being thus employed for a few years. In 1879 he entered the service of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company in the humble capacity of water carrier for the track- man, and on his removal to Columbia was given a position as brakeman, serving as such until 1884, when he commenced firing on an engine. On May 9, 1892, he was promoted to engineer, and is to- day one of the most careful and painstaking engi- neers on the road. On March i, 1881, in Columbia, Mr. Bailey was united in marriage with Miss Ida R. Martin, and to them were born five children, namely: Maud M.; Haslett, deceased; John H., jr.; James J.; and Charles E., deceased. Mrs. Bailey was born in New- ville, Cumberland Co., Pa., Feb. 28, 1859, a daughter of James and Rachel (Guestwite) Martin, also na- tives of Cumberland county, whence they came to Lancaster county in June, 1859, locating in Colum- bia, where the father engaged in teaming until, killed on the Pennsylvania Railroad Feb. 24, 1880, at the age of forty-eight years. The mother, who was born March 17, 1837, moved to Lancaster, Pa., in May, 1900, and there she now makes her home. Mrs. Bailey is the oldest of their children, the others being Johnson S., a railroad conductor of Columbia ; Cora A., who is the widow of John Evs and lives with Mr. and Mrs. Bailey; George B., a railroad conductor of Camdem, N. J. ; Mary A., wife of Harry Heckin- ger, of Columbia ; James H., a molder of Columbia ; Elizabeth C, a silk weaver of Lancaster ; Martha E., at Jiome with her mother ; and Charles E. a 1096 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY druggist of Philadelphia, Pa. Mrs. Bailey's paternal grandparents, Johnson and Mary (Baker) Martin, were natives of Cumberland and York counties. Pa., respectively, and farming people, while her mater- nal grandparents, Moses and Elizabeth (Brady) Guestwite, were both natives of Cumberland .county. Fraternally Mr. Bailey is a member of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen, the Pennsyl- vania Relief Association, the Brotherhood of Loco- motive Engineers and the Independent Order of Heptasophs ; and politically he is identified with the Democratic party. He has always been found true to every trust reposed in him, whether public or pri- vate and is justly entitled to the high regard in which he is uniformly held. ISRAEL MANUEL, a prominent conductor on the Pennsylvania railroad, whose home is in Colum- bia, Pa., was born in Silver Springs, Lancaster coun- ty, Oct. 28, 1859. His parents, Isaac and Anna (Meiskey) Manuel, were natives of Dauphin and Lancaster counties, respectively, and were married near Silver Springs, where they made their home until 1882 and then removed to Columbia. The fa- ther, who was a farmer by occupation and served as constable in West Hempfield township for three years, died Sept. 13, 1884, at the age of sixty-four years, and the mother departed this life Feb. 19, 1892, at the age of sixty, their remains being in- terred in Mt. Bethel cemetery. She was an earnest member of the Mennonite Church. The children of the family were : Rebecca, wife of William Stre- big, of Columbia ; Elizabeth, widow of George Fry and a resident of Columbia; Anna, wife of Samuel G. Rooth, of the same place; Israel, the subject of this review ; Aaron, a resident of Columbia ; Elmer and Clayton, both deceased ; Josiah, a railroad brake- man and a resident of Jersey City^ N. J. ; and Sarah, wife of David Nolte, of Columbia. Israel Manuel was reared in much the usual man- ner of farmer boys of his day, and remained on the home farm until 1880, when he came to Colum- bia and entered the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company as brakeman, in which capacity he served for two years. During the following two years he was flagman and brakeman, and in 1884 was made regular flagman, serving as such until promoted to conductor in Jan., 1888, since which time he has filled that position in a most creditable and acceptable manner. At Columbia, in April, 1885, Mr. Manuel mar- ried Miss Catherine Witmer, a native of Little Washington, Lancaster county, and a daughter of Christian and Elizabeth (Seiple) Witmer, who were also born in Little Washington, and there the fa- ther, a miller by trade, died in 1880, at the age of forty-two years. The mother is still living at the age of fifty-eight years, and now makes her home in Columbia. Both held membership in the Church of God. Their children were : Alberta, wife of John English, a railroad engineer of Columbia; Alice, who died at the age of nine years ; Catherine, now Mrs. Manuel; William and Harry, both residents of Columbia ; George, a machinist of the same place ; Esther, wife of Charles Hull, of Columbia; and Lettie. Mrs. Manuel's paternal g;randparents were Jacob and Martha (Huber) Witmer, who were iDorn in Lancaster county, and died in the city of Lancaster. The grandfather was a miller by trade. The maternal grandparents, William and Lucy (Olds) Seiple, were also born in Lancaster county and died in Washington, this State. Mr. Seiple was a farmer by occupation. Ten children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Manuel, namely: Ella, Lucy, Anna, Harry W., Lettie and Helen, all at home ; Ralph, Catherine and Raymond, who died in infancy; and Ethel, at home. Mr. Manuel is a member of the Church of God. He be- longs to the Pennsylvania Relief Department, and in his political affiliations, is a Republican. He is a man of exemplary habits, commendable purpose and unbending integrity, and in all life's relations merits the confidence so freely accorded him. SQUIRE S. C. BAER. A career of usefulness as an educator, a manufacturer, a justice and a pub- lic spirited citizen, marks the subject of this sketch as one of the important factors in the upbuilding of Quarryville, Lancaster Co., Pa., where he has made his home for many years. Mr. Baer was born in Mechanicsville, Lancaster county, Dec. 25, 1856. His parents were Henry M. and Fannie (Kauffman) Baer, who were both born in Lancaster county, the former in 1813, and his wife in 1820. The Baers came of German parentage while the Kauifmans have a Swiss origin. For half a century the father of our subject was well known and popu- lar among travelers who used the old pike between Lancaster and Manheim. It was heie he made his. home, keeping a hotel and working at his trade, that of blacksmithing, until his death in 1890, his worthy wife having preceded him in 1884. They raised a family of eight children, four of whom are living. Andrew Baer was born in 1841, and married Mary Blontz, of Brickerville, Lancaster county, and set- tled at Lancaster city, where he was manager of the "Cooper House" until his death in 1879. He left a wife and two sons, Edward and Milton. Malinda Baer was born- in 1843, and married John H. Hol- Imger, of Lancaster city, where they resided at the time of her death in 1898, leaving her husband and two sons. The elder of these, Walter B. Hollinger, IS one of the auditors of the Reading Railroad, and resides in Philadelphia. John W. Hollinger is a New York traveling man. Mariah L. Baer was born in 1845, at the old homestead. She is the deceased wife of Amos Minich, who settled near his wife's home on a farm. She left one daughter, Fannie B of Manheim. Amelia A. Baer was born in 1847, at the old home, where she grew to womanhood, and married Jacob M. Baker, of Lancaster county. They BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1097 resided at Lititz, where she died in 1894, leaving four children: Florence, a teacher in the public schools of Lancaster county ; Joseph, a stuaent in the Theological Seminary at Gettysburg, where he is preparnig for the ministry; May, a resident of Lititz, and a graduate of the local schools; and Helen, who has remained at home. Henry Baer was born in 1830. He married Miss Mary Lee, who resided in the same county. They live in the town ■oi Manheim. They have one daughter, Nora V., the wife of John S. Matter, a teacher in the Mari- lieim schools. They have two daughters, Edith and Lillian. John F. Baer was born in November, 1852, and married Miss Fannie Gingrich, of Lancaster •county. They reside on the old homestead. Two daughters, Leona and Grace blessed this union. Ed- win K. Baer was born in 1859, and married Miss Katie Wolf, of Lancaster. They reside at Lancaster City, where for a number of years he manufactured tigars. He is now manager for a Lancaster cigar firm at Lititz, Pa. He has one son, Edwin. The subject of this sketch, S. C. Baer, grew to manhood at the old home, where he attended the district schools and laid the foundations for a wider and deeper knowledge. Later he spent some time in the Manheim select schools, preparing for the higher branches. Here he developed a taste for teaching and soon decided upon a career as a teacher. In 1875 he attended the State Normal School, at Mil- lersville, and further prepared himself for teaching. For twenty years he has been one of the successful teachers of Lancaster county. Two years of this time he was school director in one of the districts. In 1877 he married Miss Lizzie G. Swarr, the es- timable daughter of Jacob and Maria (Groff) Swarr, members of the pioneer and prominent families. Mrs. Baer was born near Lancaster City, in August, 1858, and grew to womanhood in this county, receiv- ing a fair education in the district schools. Mrs. Baer and one brother, Levi G. Swarr, are all that is left of this old family. Our subject first settled in East Drumore township, where he resumed his pro- fession of teaching in the local schools. Eight years of success followed, and in 1885 he purchased real -estate in Quarryville, and he erected a good house. Here he resumed teaching, continuing until 1898. In 1892 he was appointed by the Governor of Penn- sylvania to fill a vacancy in the office of justice of the peace. In this important capacity he has served the people to the present time, discharging his duties ■conscientiously and faithfully, in accordance with the letter of the law and with justice to the people. Squire Baer is the father of three children : Charles C. Baer, the eldest, was born in East Drumore town- ship", in 1880. He graduated from the Millersville State Normal School in 1898, being one of the youngest graduates* of that school in years. After serving two years as druggist under Dr. Rohrer, of .Quarryville, he entered the School of Pharmacy in Philadelphia. Both at home and abroad Mr. Baer has been recognized as a bright and scholarly young man, a worthy son of his father. Annie L. Baer, the second child, was born in December, 1887. She is now a student in the high school, junior class, of Quarryville. Edna M. Baer was born in October, 1892. Our subject was always identified with the Re- publicans, his father having been a Whig in the early days of the party. Religiously Squire Baer and his wife have for many years been identified with the Reformed Churcli of Quarryville, where they have taken an active part in church work, Mr. Baer being an elder, a member of the choir and secretary of the Sunday-school and other church organizations. He is one of Quarryville's foremost citizeUs in church and school work, and a man honored and respected by his fellow townsmen. JOHN JACOB SHERTS, who for the third part of a century has been a dealer in groceries and general merchandise in Lancaster, his present place of business being at the corner of East King and Ann streets, comes of an ancestry in this country antedating the Revolutionary war. The first of the name in America were three brothers who came from Germany some time prior to the Revolution, and one of these, by name Jacob, was the grandfa- ther of John Jacob Sherts. A farmer by occupation, he settled on a large tract of land in what was then Paradise township, in the eastern part of Lancaster county. Henry Sherts, son of Jacob, and the fa- ther of John J., was also an agriculturist. He mar- ried A'liss Elizabeth Pickel, of Bart township, daugh- ter of a well-known farmer of that locality, and seven children were born of this' union, five of whom are yet living: J. H., a farmer of Strasburg town- ship; Anna, widow of Isaac Esbenshade, a farmer of Paradise township ; Miss Elizabeth and Miss Re- becca, both living in the borough of Strasburg ; and John Jacob. John Jacob Sherts, whose name opens this sketch, was born in March, 1845, on the old homestead in Paradise township, Lancaster county. Pa. After attending the public schools and, for a time, the State Normal School at Millersville, in 1863, he entered the Union army. For eight months he served in Co. I, 20th Pa. Cavalry, his brother, J. H. being at the same time in Gen. Stoneman's cavalry corps. Mr. Sherts' horse fell on him, inflicting a painful injury to his right leg, but otherwise he escaped hurt of any kind. On his return from the army he carried on farming for several years in Lampeter township, Lancaster county, and then em- barked in a mercantile business in Strasburg, con- ducting it successfully until 1894, in which year he removed to the city of Lancaster. Here he opened a grocery store at the corner of East King and Plum streets, where he remained until March, 1898, at that time purchasing the Hopkins property (with a dwelling house thereon) at the corner of East King and Ann streets. This he converted into a 1098 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY grocery store and dwelling combined, adding many improvements, and making it one of the most at- tractive corners in the East end of the city. The ground of this property extended for half a block south, along Ann street, and at the southern end of this tract Mr. Sherts built six of the finest two- story mansard-roofed dwellings in the city, three of which he sold shortly after completion. On Nov. 17, 1868, Mr. Sherts married Miss Catherine J. Withers, daughter of George Withers, a retired farmer living in Willow street, Lancaster county, who later removed to 27 S. Lime street, Lancaster City. The iirst of the Withers family in this country was Augustine Wither (as the name was then spelled), two of whose sons served in the war of the Revolution, a third son being employed by the Federal government as a gunsmith. Aug- ustine Wither, who died in 1766, had evidently, judging from records, been in this country a long time prior to his decease, though the exact date of his coming has never been fully determined. To Mr. and Mrs. John J. Sherts were born five children, one of whom, J. Clarence, died in Sep- tember, 1895. A brief record of the others is as follows : Elizabeth and Ann C. are graduates from the Girls' High School of Lancaster; G. Howard learned the art of printing, but is now connected with his father's store; and H. H. is a coach trimmer. With the exception of one daugh- ter, who is a Lutheran, the creed of her mother's people, all the family, including the parents, are Presbyterians. Socially Mr. Sherts is affiliated with the F. & A. M. and the I. O. O. F., also with Capt. Neff post, G. A. R., and it may be truly said of him that no man' in the community ranks higher in all that pertains to good citizenship. Among the treasured heirlooms of his arlcestors Mr. Sherts prizes none more highly than an en- cyclopedia, a large and copiously illustrated volume printed in the German language in 1560, and brought to this country by one of the three brothers already mentioned. These brothers secured a grant of land from the Penns and one of them served in the war of the Revolution, his sword and pistol being still in the possession of his descendants. HARRY A. BENNETT, a native of Columbia^ Pa., was born May 10, 1857, and is one of the most trustworthy locomotive engineers in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. On another page of this work a full biographical record is given of "his parents, Joseph M., and Frances N. Bennett, and it is therefore unnecessary to speak further of them at this point. Harry A" Bennett, after leaving school in Co- lumbia at the age of fourteen years, went to work for six months in Purple's brickyard, and then clerked for two and a half years in a general store, after which he worked in the Susquehanna Rolling Mill nine months. Dec. 4, 1878, he began braking for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, and on Nov. 8, 1879, was made a fireman, in which capacity he faithfully labored until Aug. 16, 1886, when he was promoted to his present responsible position of engineer. Mr. Bennett was joined in marriage, in Colum- bia, Feb. 12, 1880, with Miss Mary M. Specken- bach, who was born in Cohimbia Feb. 2, 1859, and is a daughter of Peter and Margaret (Butt) Speck- enbach, natives of Germany, but married in Colum- bia, Pa. Peter Speckenbach was a laborer, and to his marriage with Margaret Butt there were bom six children, as follows: John, deceased; Mary, now Mrs. Bennett; Frederick, Henry, Anna and John, all of Columbia. The father of this family died in 1889, at the age of seventy-two years, and the moth- er in 1894, when sixty-four years old. The chil- dren that have blessed the marriage of Harry A. Bennett and wife are seven in number and are named Joseph F., William E., Fannie L., Frederick P. (de- ceased), Maggie E., Mary I., and Harry T. Mr. and Mrs. Bennett are members of St. John's Luth- eran Church, in the faith of which they rear their children. In politics Mr. Bennett is a Democrat, and has been a member of the town council for the past two years. He has always been filled with a spirit of enterprise for the good of the public and was one of the original citizens to encourage the people to take the step that resulted in the Columbia Centennial cel- ebration in 1888. He is a member of the I. O. R. M., of the B. of L. F., of the B. of L. E., of the Pennsylvania Relief; he is also a member of the board of managers and a trustee of the P. R. R. Y. M. C. A. He and his family live on their own prem- ises, and enjoy to the full the esteem of all who know them. LEMON S. LANDIS. One of the most thrifty and successful florists in Pennsylvania is Lemon S. Landis, proprietor of the East End Green Houses, near Lancaster. This popular cen- ter of floral supply has a more than local reputation, for the products of its gigantic green houses are shipped for the greater part to Pittsburg, Harris- burg, Philadelphia and New York. In their great- est perfection enormous quantities of roses, violets, carnations and other standard flowers are reared in the three houses, each covered with fifteen thousand feet of glass. A native of Lancaster county. Pa., Mr. Landis Avas born at the City Mill Farm, Lancaster town- ship, Feb. 12, 1869^, and is a son of Eli and Mary A. (Johns) Landis, and grandson of Abraham Landis, the latter a farmer of Swiss extraction. Eli Landis was also a farmer in Lancaster county, and came to an untimely death through a run away team in 1875, at the age of thirty-eighl; years. His wife died at the home of her son. Lemon S., in the east end of Lancaster City, April 17, 1900, at the age of fifty-two years. The parents are buried' in Mel- linger's cemetery. Besides Lemon S., who was the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 109» oldest in the family, there were born Minnie, the wife of attorney A. S. Johns, of Lancaster; and Lizzie, the wife of Luther Able. Lemon S. Landis was reared to an agricultural life, and when thirteen years of age entered the em- ploy of A. D. Rohrer and brother, under whose capa- ble instruction he mastered every detail of the florist business. In 1892 he started a business along the same line on his own responsibility, and two years later entered a partnership with his former employ- er, Mr. Rohrer. The same year he married Eliza- beth Groff, daughter of Harry E. Groff, a well driller. Mr. GrofiE does a large business in his line, employs six men and drills wells all over the State. Mr. Landis is a Republican in politics, and is a mem- ber of the Lutheran Church. He is progressive and enlightened, and adds to a pleasing personality and honest name an exhaustive insight into his de- lightful and remtmerative occupation. Harry E. Groff, justice of the peace and well driller, residing on the outskirts of Lancaster City, was born in Detroit, Mich., Dec. 7, 1849, a son of Abraham and Elizabeth (Griffin) Groff, na- tives, respectively, of Lancaster county. Pa., and the state of Maine. Abraham Groff left Lancaster when a boy and settled in Detroit, Mich., where he engaged in the drug business until 1872. He then returned to Lancaster and continued his former oc- cupation until three years prior to his death, in 1900, at the age of seventy-six years. His last days were spent with his daughter, Carrie, in comparative re- tirement, in Wilmington, Del. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Groff came to Lancaster in 1867 and up to 1887 engaged in the carpenter business. He then be- came interested in well drilling, of which he has made a distinct success, his services being in demand in this and surrounding States. He is a careful, pains- taking workman, and understands all there is to know about his business. A Republican in na- tional politics, Mr. Groff was elected justice of the peace in 1890, and has served continuously ever since. He is a member of the Lutheran Church, and is one of the upright and reliable members of the community. JACOB D. HERSHEY, M. D., a young and popular physician and surgeon of Manheim, Pa., is a native of Lancaster county, bom in Mountville March 31, 1875, and a son of Jacob R. and Catherine Hershey, of that place. He had good educational advantages, attending first the public schools and later the Millersville Normal. In 1893 he com- menced the study of medicine with Dr. Martin Ring- wait, and a year later entered the University of Pennsylvania, where he was graduated with the de- gree of M. D., in the class of 1898. Soon after his graduation Dr. Hershey located in Manheim and opened an office. He now has a well established practice which is constantly increasing, and he is meeting with marked success in his chosen calling. He is a member of the Lancaster County Medi- cal Society, and the Pennsylvania State Medical So- ciety, and also affiliates with the Knights of Malta,. Odd Fellows and Free and Accepted Masons. He belongs to the Republican party. Socially he is- a whole-souled, genial gentleman who makes many friends, and is held in high regard by all who know him. The Doctor was married, Nov. 15, 1898, to Miss Elizabeth McBride, a native of Philadelphia, and a daughter of the late J. F. McBride. EDGAR L. McSPARRAN. The McSparran family is one of the oldest in Lancaster county, and was founded by one James McSparran, who emi- grated from the north of Ireland, and with his wife, a representative of the Fleming family, settled near Peach Bottom. He had an enormous family, and his son, James, was born on the old homestead in 1764, married Elenor Neel, daughter of Thomas and Gresall (Penny) Neel, and died March 18, 1827. Mrs. Elenor (Neel) McSparran died Aug. 12, 1841,. and was laid to rest beside her husband in the old cemetery near the Presbyterian Church at Chest- nut Level, to which all the family are faithful ad- herents. There were fifteen children born to this- union, (i) James and (2) Isabella Fleming^ (twins), were born May 25, 1801, of whom James married Amelia F. McCollough March 8, 1832, and died May 31, 1863. His widow owned the fine old homestead farm, where she lived with her daughter,. Lizzie (since deceased) and son, Thomas, who now owns the place. Isabella married John King April 2b, 1827, and died Dec. 14, 1871. Of her daugh- ters, Ellen married B. F. Sides," M. D., and Jean- ette married Sanders McCollough. (3) Thomas- Neel was born March 6, 1803, and died March 28„ 1820. (4) Gresa!], born Oct. 31, 1804, married Samuel Morrison June 2, 1831, and died Dec. 31,. 1856. (5) Eliza Martha, born S'ept. 12, 1806, mar- ried James Barnes July 26, 1827, and died Oct. 5,. 1853. (6) John, born July 15, 1808. (7) Elenor Jean, born Feb. 15, 1810, was the second wife of James Barnes,, and died Sept. 22, 1874. (8) Rachel Neel, born Feb. 4, 1812, died Aug. 28, 1819. (9) Margaret, born Dec. 8, 1813, married William Steele and died May 27, 1866. (10) Samuel, born Nov. 20, 1815, was accidentally shot by his brother,. James, Feb. 18, 1837. (i^) Fleming McSparran,, born Sept. 12, 1817, is mentioned below. (12) Thomas Neel and ("13) William, twins, were born Nov. 20, 1820. Thomas married Lydiann Pusey, sister of the wife of Fleming. William married Alice, daughter of James Caldwell, Esq., who lived but a short time after her marriage. He married again, his second wife being Marcilena Williamson. ( 14) Joseph was born June 26, 1823, and died July 24, 1834. ds) Rachel, born March 7, 1827. Fleming McSparran was ten years 'old when his father died, and James Penny, who was appointed his guardian, apprenticed him when he reached the i=. 1100 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY age of sixteen to William Eves, of Chester county, Pa., for two and a half years, to learn "the art, trade and mysteries of tanning." After serving his ap- prenticeship he worked on the home farm for his brother, James, for some time. About 1838 he went to Illinois, where he was engaged in agriculture for a year. The following year he spent boating on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers frorn Pittsburg to New Orleans. Traveling from Pittsburg on horse- back, he returned to Lancaster county, and with Amer Stubhs, April 4, 1840, entered the business of lumber dealer on the Susquehanna, at Barnes' saw- mill, now known as Benton Station, on the Columbia and Port Deposit Railroad: the firm-name was Stubbs & McSparran. In this business he continued two years, when, suffering from bad health, he sold ■out to James Barnes. For the near 1842 he was tax collector for his district. The following April, with l]is brother, Thomas, as partner, he returned to the lumber business at the same place, where he re- mained until March 15, 1845, when he purchased the store property at Fairfield, and there spent the re- mainder of his life. While in the lumber business lie and Joseph Woodward were contractors for re- l)uilding the public road around Mitchell's Rock, near Benton. The road had been previously washed away by the ice and high water, but the new con- tractors were triumphant, and built a road that has borne the floods and battering of ice for years, and still remains an example of honest workmanship thoroughly done. On Dec. 30, 1846, he married Mary E. Pusey, of Puseyville, and opened a store at Fairfield the following spring. A large family was born to them, as follows : Emma Housekeep- ■er, born Oct. 3, 1847 ; James Mahlon, Dec. 23, 1848 ; Lydia Ellen, Jan. 21", 1850; Edwin Pusey, April 26, 185 1 ; Samuel Cheyney, Oct. 28, 1852; Mary Alice, Nov. 27, 1854; Ida Elizabeth, April 9, 1856; William Fleming, Dec. 13, 1857; Marion, Sept. 19, 1859; Edgar Lyons (the subject of this biography), June 18, 1861 ; Isabel King, June 16, 1863 ; Mar- garet Steele, May 15, 1866; and Anna Pusey, May 4, 1867. Edwin died Aug. 14, 1867; Mary, May 16, T855; Margaret, Sept. 10, 1866; and Anna, March 28, 1S71. Emma married David Weidley Oct. 2, 1876. James M., a farmer, married Laura H. Wentz Dec. 24, 1879. Samuel C. married Floretta C. Cain Dec. 29, 1880. Fleming McSpar- ran died March 20, 1876, and his wife March 4, 3879, greatly beloved and deeply regretted by the whole community. Edgar L. McSparran, son of Fleming, is one of the honorable and thrifty citizens of Fulton town- ship. His education was obtained in the public schools. Chestnut Level Academy and the York Col- legiate Institute. Later he was graduated from a business college in Philadelphia, after which he clerked for Peter Wright & Sons of the Quaker City for a tiriie, and then entered the employ of W. H. Phelan. of the same place, as foreman in the lumber business. At the end of three years he took a pleasure trip through the West and in 1887 re- turned to Lancaster county. He located in Goshen, and engaged in the creamery business, in which he continued imtil Jan., 1902, with marked success. He has purchased a large farm of 225 acres iii Dru- more township, and has made other profitable invest- ments. On Jan. 14, 1891, Mr. McSparran married Har- riet A. Hess, a daughter of J. M. and Martha Hess, of an old settled family of German origin. Like his ancestors, Mr. McSparran is a Presbyterian of the old school. Politically he is a Democrat, but has no ambition to hold public office. Fraternally he is a INIason, identified with Washington Lodge, No. 156, Quarry ville. He is a man of considerable business ability and is strictly upright in all his deal- ings, thereby well meriting the high esteem in which he is held. JACOB KELLEY, a pleasant and popular rail- road conductor residing in Columbia, Pa., was born six miles from Middletown, Lancaster county, Jan. 20, 1862, a son of Henry and Mary E. (Eshleman) Kelley. The father was born in the West and was a son of Michael Kelley, who was bom in County Clare, Ireland, and died in the West. The latter's wife was an English lady. Henry Kelley came to Lancaster county, Pa., in 185 1 and settled near Elizabethtown, where he was employed as repairer by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. His first wife was a Miss Hossler, by whom he had one daughter, Kate, now the wife of William Little, a shoemaker of Marietta, Pa. His second wife, Mary E. Eshleman, was a native of Elizabethtown. She died in March, 1896, at the age of sixty-seven years. She was a consistent member of the Lutheran Church and a most estimable lady. Her children were: Richard, who died in infancy; Elizabeth, who mar- ried George Little and died in Feb., 1893 ; Henry, who died in infancy; J^ohn, a butcher, who died April 26, 1889; Jacob, whose name introduces this sketch ; and Anna M., wife of Frank Straub, a fur- nace man of Marietta, Pennsylvania. Jacob Kelley was only a year old when the fam- ily removed to Marietta, where he made his home un- til 189T, and has since been a resident of Columbia. At the age of thirteen he commenced working in a glass furnace, and after coming to Columbia worked in the rolling mills of that place from April until June, i8qi, after which he was employed in a coal yard until he entered the service of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company as brakeman, Jan. 17, 1893. Three years later he was made flagnian, arid at the end of another three years was promoted to con- ductor, in which capacity he i? still with the com- pany, one of its valued and trusted employees. Mr. Kelley was married, in Marietta, April 20, 1882, to Miss Josie Dowhower, who was born in that citv Feb. 15, 1867, a daughter of Jacob and Rosetta (Stape) Dowhower, of Lancaster county, who died in Mt. Joy, the former in May, 1896, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1101 aged seventy-three years, the latter in Feb., 1899, aged seventy. Both were earnest members of the Mennoriite Church; the father, was a blacksmith by occupation. Their children were: Julia Ann, who died in childhood; Harry, a resident of Mt. Joy; Elizabeth, wife of John McCloskey, of Wrightsville, Pa.; Jacob, deceased; Mary, wife of James L. Pell, of Mt. Joy; Susan, wife of Levi Hol- linsworth, a school teacher of Dauphin county. Pa. ; Frank, living in Nebraska ; Emma, wife of George Lannig, of iS eb. ; Oma, wife of John Eshleman, of Neb. ; Josie, now Mrs. Kelley ; and Elva, wife of Eli Shickley, of Columbia. To Mr. and Mrs. Kel- ley were born seven children, namely: Bessie A._, Mamie E., William J., Harry H., Horace M. and George, all at home ; and Leo, who died young. Since attaining his majority Mr. Kelley has af- filiated with the Democratic part)', and takes an ac- tive and commendable interest in public affairs. He is a faithful member of the M. E. Church, and an active member of the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, the Pennsylvania Relief Association and the Improved Order of Red Men. AARON BILYEU HASSLER, a member of the Lancaster bar, now occupies the position of coun- ty controller. Mr. Hassler's great-grandmother on his father's side was a daughter of John Waldschmidt, a dis- tinguished Reformed clergyman, a gentleman noted as one of the most earnest and most successful of the pioneer missionaries ; and his great-grandfather was one of the Hasslers who removed from Lancas- ter county to the Cumberland Valley, settling in Franklin county. John Hassler, his grandfather, was a farmer and married Katura Clugston, of Scotch-Irish descent. Rev. John Waldschmidt Hassler, son of John and Katura Hasslet, was born in Franklin county. Pa., was graduated from Pennsylvania or Gettys- burg College in 1852, and in 1854 was ordained a Lutheran clergyman. Muhlenberg College con- ferred the degree of Doctor of Divinity upon him. Rev. Dr. Hassler married Miss Abbie Bilyeu, daugh- ter of Aaron P. Bilyeu, a contracting builder of Philadelphia, and this union has been blessed with five children, three of whom have passed away: Lilly Patton, who died in 1865 in infancy; Luther S., a clerk in the Internal Revenue office, died in 1895, aged thirty-four years; and Helen, who married Rev. H. N. Bassler, a Reformed clergyman of Franklin county, and died in May, 1896. The sur- vivors are : Mary, wife of J. S. Hoffman, a leather dealer of Philadelphia; and Aaron B. Hassler, of Lancaster. Aaron Bilyeu Hassler was born at Center Square, Montgomery county, April 13, i860. His early education was acquired in the public schools of New Holland, to which place his father moved when the subject of this sketch was only five years old. He was graduated from Muhlenberg College in 1882, and then taught school for one year in New York City, attending the Columbia Law School while engaged in teaching. Returning to Lancas- ter county, Mr. Plassler registered as a law student with the late George Nauman, was admitted to prac- tice on June 5, 1885, and was subsequently admit- ted to the Supreme and Superior Courts. In poli- tics he is a Republican. He served as solicitor to the board of prison inspectors of Lancaster county for two years, and was county solicitor for three and one-half years, resigning from the latter office May 17, 1 90 1, to accept from Gov. Stone the appointment of countv controller for Lancaster county, which ap- pointment was for the term ending in the first Mon- day in January, 1902. He was elected in Novem- ber, 1901, to a three years' term of that office, suc- ceeding himself in January, 1902. Mr. Hassler be- longs to the Young Republicans. He is a member of Lodge 43, F. A. M. ; of Lancaster Lodge of B. P. O. Elks, of which he is Past Exalted Ruler; of the Knights of the Golden Eagle ; of the Odd Fel- lows ; of the tiamilton Club ; the Tucquan Club ; the Conestoga Country Club ; and of the State Bar As- sociation. At college he was a member of the Chi Phi fraternity. He is also a member of the board of examiners for admission to the Lancaster bar. Mr. Hassler is unmarried, and, with his parents,, lives at No. 26 North Lime street. JOHN ADAM GREER. This distinguished veteran of the Civil war is one of the great intelli- gent, well-to-do middle class which must always constitute the very backbone of a true and rightly constituted democracy. He is at once a trusted em- ploye of the great Pennsylvania Railroad Company and an honored citizen of the community in which- he has lived for many years. Although he has. reached the age of three score years he stands erect, strong and vigorous in body, and with undimmed mental faculties . Mr. Greer is the son of Joseph and Mary (Fogle) Greer, and was born in Bart township Oct. 31, 1840. His father was a native of the same locality^ while his mother was born in Manor. The elder Greer was a farmer, and died in 1853, at the age of forty- six; his widow. is yet living. John A. was the first born of five children, the others being Mary, Jos- eph, Susan and Martha. Mary married Hiram Kendig, a successful farmer, now retired from ac- tive cares and living in Lancaster. Joseph is de- ceased. Susan is the wife of B. Frank Althouse, a farmer of Bart ; and Martha, whose husband is also a farmer, is Mrs. Franklin Deets, of the some town- ship. Mr. Greer's paternal grandfather, also Joseph, was born in Ireland, but came to this country in early life, settling in Susquehanna county, Pa., and becom- ing a farmer. His mother was the daughter of Adam and Susan Fogle. of Germany, likewise im- migrants, who settled in Lancaster county. Mr. Fogle was also a farmer and a man who command-. 1102 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ed high respect for his many admirable qualities. He was for many years a justice of the peace, and became a large property owner. John Adam Greer was united in marriage, on Aug. 31, 1866, at Lancaster, to Miss Lillie L. Herring. She was born at Simflower, in Para- dise township, Lancaster county. Her father was John Herring and her mother, Catherine McCoy. He came to Lancaster county in 1828, settling in Paradise township. His wife, Mrs. Greer's mother, was born in Bart township. He was a shoemaker by trade, but in addition to working in his shop was also a schoolmaster. They are both dead, he hav- ing passed away in 1888, and she in 1892. Their respective ages were eighty-four » and eighty-eight. They were both devout members of the M. E. Church. Mrs. Greer was their fifth child, their off- spring having been six in number. The eldest, Elizabeth L., married- Michael Freimeyer, of Lan- caster county, and is deceased. Sarah J., John and Joseph died either in infancy or early childhood. Margaret, who has also died, married Charles Alt. Mrs. Greer's paternal grandfather was Patrick Her- ring, a substantial farmer of Morrisville. Her mother's parents were Daniel McCoy and Ruth E. McCrady. Daniel McCoy was born in Ireland and his wife in Scotland ; both crossed the ocean at an early age, he when but a boy of sixteen, and both settled in Lancaster county, where they were mar- ried, he having become a prosperous farmer. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Greer has been blessed with nine children: Alma Glendora, un- married and living with her parents ; Elsie Britanna, the wife of George S. Deeg, an iron worker; Mary Catharine, the wife of John A. Watson, a Columbia merchant ; Joseph, a stove molder of Columbia, who married Elizabeth Freymeyer; Martha E., the wife of Wilson Snyder, a Columbia druggist; John Ar- mor ; William Scott : Truman K. ; and Adam Hum- phriss. All the four younger boys are living at home. John A; Greer was reared upon a farm and ac- quired his strong vitality and rugged health from the hard toil which farmers' sons have to undergo. At the age of fifteen, however, he found other, and jjerhaps more laborious, employment in the Gap nickel mine, Lancaster county. Pa., and on Sept. 16, 1861, he enlisted as a private in Co. H, 79th P. V. L, for a period of three years. At the expiration of this term, on Oct. 3, 1864, at Atlanta, Ga., he re- enlisted, this time in Co. B, 215th P. V. I. On April 6, 1865, he was promoted to be corporal. He was mustered out July 12, following. He participated in many engagements, and was present at the sur- render of Johnston to Sherman. He also took part in the grand review at Washington at the close of the war. While noted for his gallantry in action, he was never wounded ; yet his devotion to the cause of his country in the malarial swamps and bayous of the South implanted in his constitution the seeds of rheumatism, from which he yet suffers. He keeps alive the memory of his eventful life during those stirring times, through his membership in Post Relief of the G. A. R. After receiving his discharge Mr. Greer re- turned to Columbia. For several years he was em- ployed as a stationary engineer in different posts of trust, and for a time was in the service of the Keystone Bridge Company as a bridge builder. In 1868 he entered the service of the Pennsylvania Rail- way as a brakeman. After three years he was made a flagman, and within five years was promoted to be a conductor. This responsible position he has filled for a quarter of a century, discharging its duties with the same fidelity and gallantry which he laid upon the altar of his country in the gloomy, trying days of our great internecine struggle. SIMON E. GARBER, a farmer in West Done- gal township, whose neat and well-kept place shows the hand of a man who loves his calling and believes in modern and progressive agriculture, was born on the old Garber homestead in West Donegal town- ship Nov. 19, 1863, and is the son of John S. and Susan (Erb) Garber. A sketch of his parents ap- pears on another page, and it contains their history and ancestral data. Simon E. Garber and Fanny F. Eby were united in marriage in West Hempfield township Nov. 10, 1887, and to them have come the following chil- dren: Henry F., Norman E., Susan E., John S., J. Clarence and Monroe E. Mrs. Fanny F. (Eby) Garber was born on the old Eby homestead in West Hempfield township May 31, 1866, and is a daugh- ter of Henry N. Eby, one of the old and prominent citizens of that township. A. F. Eby, of East Don- egal township, whose history appears elsewhere, is her brother, Simon E. Garber remained with his parents until shortly before the completion of his twenty-fourth year, when he was married, and at once located with his wife on the farm where he is found today. Mak- ing good use of the opportunities that came to him for an education, he is a bright and brainy young man, and was elected school director in Feb., 1900. In his politics he is a Republican, and in his religion he is a member of the Mennonite Church. JOSEPH CARRIGAN, one of the highly re- spected retired farmers of Lancaster county, now a resident of Fairfield, was born in that town, in the house which is now occupied by Mr. N. N. Henselj on Dec. 6, 1850. Michael Carrigan, the grandfa- ther of Joseph, was a native of Conestoga township, this county, was of Irish origin, and was the father of two sons : Jacob, the father of Joseph, who was born July 15, 1826, and died June 14, 1881 ; and Amos S., who was a volunteer in an Indiana regi- ment and died during the Civil war. The maiden name of Grandmother Carrigan was Elizabeth Warfle. The parents of Joseph Carrigan were Jacob and BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1103 Ann (McLaughlin) Carrigan, the latter of whom was a daughter of Joseph McLaughlin, of Provi- dence township ; she was born Oct. 6, 1825, and died July 13, 1881. Their marriage, which took place in 1848, was blessed with two sons: Enos, who was born July 22, 1849, resides in Drumore town- ship, and married Bertha Penrose, their children being Rena, Leora, Harry, Lester and Grace; the other was the Joseph Carrigan of this sketch. Jacob Carrigan was a blacksmith by trade, and became a man of means, owning at the time of his death one hundred and fifty acres of fine farming land. In his early years he worked very hard, for on accoimt of the death of his father the support of his mother fell upon him. He received but $10 per month while learning his t.rade, but by close economy and much self-denial he was able to save $300 in the three j^ears, which he used to purchase land, and as this increased in value he sold and bought other land, thus by good management acquiring much more- than a competency. During life he adhered to the principles of the Democratic party. Joseph Carrigan grew up under his father's roof, receiving a good, common school education, and has followed farming all his life. His present farm consists of ninety-five acres of rich land and he also has a comfortable and convenient home in Fair- field. The marriage of Mr. Carrigan was on Dec. S, 1878, in Drumore township, to Miss Iowa Ambler, who was a daughter of Edward Ambler, a cabinet- maker of Drumore township. This marriage has been blessed with three children: Kersey, born Nov. 3, 1879, is a graduate of the State Normal school at Millersville, later followed teaching for a time, and has recently accepted a position as book- keeper in the Quarryville National Bank; Lulu, born Aug. 7, 1881, is also a graduate of the Normal School, and is one of the most successful teachers in Lancaster county; M. Murrell, born Oct. i, 1889, died Oct. i, 1891. Mrs. Carrigan was born May Sj 1858, and she was reared in a family of four children: Anson, a farmer of Fulton township ; Iowa, who is Mrs. Carrigan; Evan L., who is teller in the Quarryville Bank ; and Harry C., who is a merchant of Liberty Square. INIr. and Mrs. Ambler reside near Liberty Square and are among the leading residents of the county. In politics Mr. Carrigan is a Democrat, while the religious connection of the family has always "been with the Methodist Church. Mr. Carrigan is highly esteemed in this neighborhood, where he is known for his many estimable characteristics, and is one of the prominent citizens. MATTHIAS S. HELFRICH, the genial and hospitable proprietor of "Helfrich's Hotel," at Cor- delia, West Hem^pfield township, Lancaster Co., Pa., was born in Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, Jan. 16, 1854, and is a son of Michael and Susan (Van Staten) Helfrich, also natives of Hesse-Darmstadt, where they lived until 1856, when they came to the United States and settled in the neighborhood now known as Cordelia. There, in 1865, the father opened the hotel now operated by his son, Matthias, and conducted it quite successfully until about 1887, when he retired. Mrs. Susan (Van Staten) Helf- rich was called away in 1889, in the faith of the Catholic Church, when she was sixty-seven years old, and her mortal remains were interred in the Catholic cemetery in Columbia; Michael survived until March 28, 1897, when he also passed away, at the age of eighty years and twenty days, in the faith of the Lutheran Church, and was buried at Iron- ville cemetery. To Michael and Susan (Van Staten) Helfrich were born eight children, namely : Peter, married and farming in Carroll county, Md. ; Frederick, a carpenter in Cordelia, Pa. ; Matthias S., mentioned at the opening of this brief sketch; George, mining for gold in Alaska ; Mary, deceased wife of Emanuel Wells ; Elizabeth, wife of F. M. Bard, of Cordelia ; Michael, a railroad man in Tacoma, Wash. ; and John, a farmer in West Hempfield township, Lan- caster county, Pennsylvania. Matthias S. Helfrich was reared to his present business and thoroughly understands it, as he had assisted his father from boyhood up to the latter's death, and then purchased the interest of the other heirs. The "Helfrich" is to-day one of the best' and most popular hotels in the county, and has a reputation much more than local. NATHAN EVANS WIKE, who has been con- ductor on the Pennsylvania Railroad since 1873, i^ one of the most respected citizens of Columbia, and belongs to a family whose members have long com- manded the high regard of their fellow citizens in Lancaster county. He was born in Columbia Jan. 26, 1835, son of George and Sarah (Eberlin) Wike. George Wike was born Jan. 11, 1805, in Colum- bia, and spent all his life in that township. He learned the trade of cooper, but for many years was a pilot on the Susquehanna river, was employed in his latter days as a slip boss, and finally retired to pass the remainder of his days in ease and comfort. He also engaged in contracting, and built a portion of the Tide-Water Canal from Wrightsville to Havre de Grace. He died in Columbia Dec. 31, 1857, at the age of fifty-two years, a Lutheran in his religious belief, although not a member of any congregation. His widow, who was born Nov. 3, r8o6, still survives, and has her residence in Co- lumbia. She is a member of the Episcopal Church. They were married in Columbia April 26, 1827, and the children born to them were fourteen in num- ber, as follows : Susan, who died when five years old; John F. E., who was married, but is now de- ceased; Milton, spoken of elsewhere in this vol- ume ; Ann Jane, of Philadelphia, the widow of Jacob Wall; Nathan E., the subject of this sketch; Emma 1104 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Frances, who died young ; George Washington, mar- ried to Mary J. Wagner; Henry M., who was killed in the army ; Hannah G., wife of Henry Mullen, of Philadelphia; Samuel F. (a widower), a railroad engineer, in Columbia; Andrew J. and Albert, who died young ; Eunice, widov/ of Edwin Stair, who was a dry-goods merchant of Columbia ; and Frank- lin, who died young. George Wike, paternal grandfather of Nathan, was a shoemaker by trade, was a native of Germany, and came from Berks county to Lancaster when a young man. * Later he removed to Columbia, where he died at an advanced age. Mrs. Wike was twice married, and had children as follows : George, John, Mary (Mrs. Henry Mathiot), Sarah (Mrs. John Hudders), and Betsey (Mrs. Mullen). Our subject's maternal grandparents, John and Anna (Neil) Ebeflin, were natives of Germany and Lan- caster county, respectively. John Eberlin was born in Wonseck, a town in the Margrave der Bysith, in the circle of Franconia, Nov. 25, 1755, and was Confirmed in the Lutheran faith. His father, also named John, was a butcher, and also a burgomaster of Wonseck, and his mother bore the maiden name of Margaret Ballach. John, the younger, landed in America June 3; 1777, and on May 4, 1784, married Anna Neil, who was born in Hempfield township, Lancaster county, Pa., April 6, 1767, and was a daughter of John and Jean (Mease) Neil. To their union were born the following children : John, born Oct. 15, 1785, died Oct. 20, 1785 ; Jean, born Sept. 30, 1786; Margaret, born June 14, 1788; and Eliza- beth, born April 10, 1790. All the children had their nativity in Columbia, and all, with the excep- tion of one who died in infancy, were married. Nathan E. Wike remained with his parents up to the age of nineteen, and worked until then with his father, in the butcher business. For the next four and a half years he was employed as fireman on the Pennsylvania Railroad, after which, until the Civil war broke out, he was in St. Louis, Mo., en- gaged as a street-car conductor. On July 12, 1861, he enlisted, for three years or during the war, in Co. I, 8th Mo. V. I., under Capt. Hart, and he took part in numerous important engagements, among them the battles at Fort Donelson, Shiloh, Vicks- burg and Missionary Ridge. At Larkinsville Land- ing, Ala., on April 4, 1864, Mr. Wike was wounded in the shoulder and side, by minie balls, and he was unfit for duty up to the time of his discharge, in St. Louis, July 12, 1864. The intervening time, he spent in three different hospitals, being first taken to a field hospital, and finally to the hospital at Jeffer- sonville, Iiid. After his discharge our subject re- turned to Columbia, where he was in the recruiting service a few months, and he then went to St. Louis, taking his old position on the street cars for six months. Since then he has made his permanent home in Columbia, and has been continuously in the employ of the Pennsylvania road, the first few months working as switchman. Then for several years he worked as brakeman, and in 1873 he be- came conductor, in which position he has been re- tained ever since, most convincing evidence of faith- ful and satisfactory service. Mr. Wike belongs to the P. R. R. Relief Association, and fraternally unites with the Red Men. His political sympathies are with the Republican party. On June 18, 1870, Mr. Wike was married in Mount Nebo, Lancaster county, to Miss Elizabeth Gohn, and children as follows have been born to them: George A., a stove molder, of Lansdale, Pa., married to Sarah Welsh; Edwin S., a molder, residing in Columbia, married to Fanny Brubaker ; Warren C, Mary L., Elva W., Sarah" and Milton died young; Nellie S., Charles M., Nathaniel G., Percival W. and Anna V. are at home ; Blanch and Flora died young. Mrs. Elizabeth (Gohn) Wike was born Dec. 12, 1852, in Columbia, daughter of George and Mary ( Strohman) Gohn. Her father first married Nancy Sweeny, by whom he had five children : Daniel, of Columbia, who is a brick manufacturer ; James) now deceased ; Anna, deceased, who married Jonas Crom- well, of York county, Pa. ; Susan, widow of George Snyder, of Columbia ; and Mary, deceased, who was the wife of Joseph Hogentogler. Mr. Gohn married, second, Mrs. Mary (Strohman) Glatz, widow of John Glatz, by whom she had five children, all of whom died young. Three children were born to this later union : Elizabeth (Mrs. Wike) and George T., twins, the latter deceased; and Sophia, who died young. For his third wife, Mr. Gohn married Elizabeth Shaffer. No children were born to them. JOSEPH AMBROSE ULRICH, a prominent citizen of Elizabethtown, Lancaster Co., Pa., where he is engaged in the leaf tobacco business, was born in Cornwall, Lebanon Co., Pa., June 20, i860, son of Sebastin and M. A. Catharine (Eagle) Ulrich, natives of Baden Baden, Germany, and Maytown^ Pa., respectively. Sebastin Ulrich, now a retired farmer of West Donegal township, was born Jan. 20, 1826, son of Anthony and Engleberth (Conrad) Ulrich, of Baden,. Germany, where their entire lives were spent, the fa- ther dying in 1838, at the age of fortv-four, and the mother m 1845, at the age of forty-five. They were the parents of five children: Rosannah, deceased wife of a Mr. Galvarish ; Sebastin ; Charles, in Ger- many; Constantine, a farmer of Minnesota; and Barbara, wife of John Walsh, of Wisconsin. Se- bastin I.Tlrich remained with his parents until he had attained the age of seventeen, when he came to America, landing at New Orleans after a voyage lasting forty-six days. He remained in that city for four months, but owing to the outbreak of the yellow fever was obliged at the end of that time to find an- other location. He accordingly came to Lebanon county, Pa., where he had an uncle residing, and re- mained in that coimty until 1867 when he purchased his present fine farm in West Donegal township. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1105 After coming to America, he learned the carpenter's trade, at which he worked until after he had erected the comfortable' house on his farm. He has become one of the prominent citizens of his town. In poli- tics he is a Democrat and has held a number of local offices, among them being that of tax collector. In religious belief, he is, as was his father before him, a devout adherent of the Roman Catholic faith. In November, 1854, in Elizabethtown, Pa., Sebastin Ulrich was united in marriage with Catharine Eagle, who was born in East Donegal township in 1832, a daughter of Henry and Ann M. (Felix) Eagle, and to this union have been born children, as follows : Henry, a farmer of Dauphin county, Pa., married to Ella Dougherty ; Anthony, a farmer and stock raiser of British Columbia ; Mary, wife of J. P. Daugher- ly, of Harrisburg, Pa.; Joseph Ambrose, of Eliza- bethtown ; Steven F., a cigar box manufacturer ; Dr. Sylvester, a successful physician of Elizabeth- town ; John E., a cigar and liquor merchant of the same town : Anna, now Sr. Mary Joseph, Superior of Saint Patrick's School, in Charleston, S. C. ; Catharine, now Sister Serena of St. Joseph's Acad- emy of Tekoa, Wash. ; Ida, now Sr. Sylvina, in Holy Cross Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah ; and Jerome, at home with his parents in Elizabethtown. Joseph Ambrose Ulrich was reared on his fa- ther's farm, making that place his home until his marriage. During this time he acquired a thorough knowledge of agriculture under the excellent prac- tical tuition of his father, and at the age of sixteen began to learn the business of packing tobacco. He has ever since continued in the tobacco industry, in 1882 going into the business on his own account, locating in Elizabethtown in the spring of that year. He is very industrious and owes his success to his unceasing toil and careful business methods. He is thoroughly up-to-date and in any measure for the general good of his town, he may be found among the leaders of the movement. On April 16, 1885, Mr. Ulrich was united in mar- riage with Miss Louisa Lynch, daughter of James and Mary Lynch, and five children have blessed their union: Sylvester, Mary, James, all living; and William and Ambrose, deceased. In religious con- nection the family are all communicants of the Cath- olic Church, and active in its work. JAMES A. LYNCH, a prominent retired farmer and cattle dealer of Elizabethtown, Pa., was born in Londonderry, Dauphin Co., Pa., July 21, 1838, son of James and Mary A. (Gross) Lynch, of Middle- town, of that county. Dennis and Bridget (Sweeney) Lynch, who foimded the family in this country, left County Donegal, Ireland, in 1800, to found a new home on the western shores of the Atlantic ocean. They set- tled in West Donegal township, Lancaster county, later moving to Dauphin county where they made a. permanent home. He followed the distillery busi- 70 ness in Ireland and in Dauphin county, Pa., and be- came a man of means, operating many stills in this section. James Lynch, son of Dennis and father of James A., was a school teacher in early life, conducting a school of his own until his marriage to Mary A, Gross, daughter of George Gross, a carpenter and cabinet maker of Dauphin county. After his mar- riage Mr. Lynch took one of his father's farms and operated it in connection with brick making and the hotel business. He became one of the prominent public men of that section and held a number of im- portant offices in the town, serving as justice of the peace for two terms, and school director for several terms. In 1858 he moved to Elizabethtown, where he also conducted a hotel, besides being ticket and freight agent and express messenger until his re- tirement in 1867. In Elizabethtown, as well as in his former home, he became one of the well known progressive citizens, taking an active part in the political life of the day, and being especially inter- ested in educational questions, serving several terms as school director. In politics he was a Democrat, and in religious belief a Roman Catholic. He died Nov. I, 1890, aged seventy-nine, and his good wife on Nov. 29, 1893, aged eighty-one; the remains of both rest in the Catholic cemetery in Elizabethtown. Their children were : Mary Ann, widow of Will- iam Kirby, a retired drover of Harrisburg, Pa. ; James A. ; John T., a retired merchant of Harris- burg ; Margaret, wife of George Baxstresser, a shoe merchant of Elizabethtown; Catherine, of Eliza- bethtown ; and Louisa, wife of Joseph Ambrose Ul- rich, a leaf tobacco merchant of Elizabethtown. James A. Lynch was reared on his father's farm, where he remained until he attained the age of six- teen years, when he went to Harrisburg and clerked in a grocery store for two years. At the end of that time he returned home and worked on the larm until 1858 when he came to Elizabethtown and operated market cars between there and Philadelphia, con- tinuing in that work for two years, when he engaged in the clothing business for a year, and afterward in the cattle business, making trips as far west as Chi- cago to purchase his stock. This naturally led him back to farming, and he settled down to agricultural pursuits in West Donegal township, where he con- tinued to make his home for twenty-four years. He met with uniform success in his undertakings, and finally retired to pass the remainder of his life in the enjoyment of his hard earned competency. He rose to important place among the citizens of his town and for a time served as school director, but finding his own affairs engrossed so much of his time that he could not give it the attention he felt it deserved, he resigned. In politics he is a Democrat, and in religion, like all of his family, is a communicant of the Church of Rome. In February, 1867, Mr. Lynch was married to Miss Louisa Gable, who was born in Lancaster, Pa., 1106 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY in August, 1841, daughter of Jacob and Mariah (Buchas) Gable, the former a tinsmith and prom- inent man of Lancaster. Six children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Lynch, of whom James died in in- fancy. The others are : Mary A., at home ; Ada, wife of James Wittman, a blacksmith, of Elizazbeth- town ; Margaret, Katie and Agnes, all at home. DAVID K. GOOD, dealer in general merchan- dise at Disston, Lancaster county, occupies a high place among the young business men of his section. He comes of a family whose members for several generations have been among the respected residents of the county, being a grandson of Franklin Good, W'ho was born in the county, where he lived and died. He was a cooper by trade, and followed same in connection with farming until his death, which occurred in 1876. He married Miss Elizabeth Sengerwalt, and they had one child, Jacob S., who was the father of David K. Jacob S. Good was born in Lancaster county, and has given his entire attention through life to farming. He married Miss Margaret R. Kiehl, and their family consisted of five children, two of whom died in infancy : Miss Lizzie K. is at home ; David K. is mentioned below; Franklin K. is engaged in farming on the old homestead. David K. Good was born in West Earl town- ship, this county. May 10, 1868, and remained at home until he was nineteen years of age, meantime receiving a good common-school education. Mr. Good clerked two years for J. A. Frynyer, at the same store which he now occupies, and two years later entered the business for himself. He keeps a general line of merchandise, and enjoys a good share of the patronage from the town and the sur- sounding country. Fair dealing and good business methods have won him success from the start, and have also gained him the good will and respect of all with whom he has come in contact. He was appointed postmaster by John Wanamaker in 1891, and has held the office ever since. On Sept. 4, 1890, Mr. Good wedded Miss Re- becca Michael, daughter of Cyrus and Katie Mich- ael, and to this union has come one child, Katie Elizabeth, born April 24, 1893. ERNST ROCHOW, a native of Columbia, Lan- caster county, was born June 8, 1868, a brother of Charles Rochow, in whose biography will be found the genealogy of Ernst Rochow. Ernst is the pres- ent clerk of the business conducted by Charles, who is a wholesale and retail dealer in rags, tallow, etc., at Columbia. Ernst Rochow left his home in Columbia, at the age of fourteen years, and went to Chicago, 111., where from 1882 until 1886 he served an appren- ticeship at electrotyping, and then returned tQ Columbia, where he has since been very ably assist- ing his brother in his present business. On May 13, 1890, Ernst Rochow married, in Columbia, Miss Amelia Reller, and to this union have been born three children, viz: Amelia M., July 8, 1891 ; Oscar O., April 22, 1894, and Edna F., Nov. 14, 1895. Mrs. Amelia (Reller) Rochow was born at Miltonsburg, Monroe Co., Ohio, July 24, 1870, a daughter of Michael and Mary (Deakick) Reller, who were bom respectively, Sept. i, 1826, in Rheinpfalz and April 22, 1833, in Hessen Darm- stadt, Germany, but who were married in McKees- port. Pa., and now reside at Miltonsburg, Ohio. Michael Reller is a wheelwright by trade, and man- ufactures and deals in wagons, plows, buggies, etc., doing a wholesale and retail business. ' Mr. and Mrs. Reller have had born to them a family of eleven children, namely: Michael, deceased; Charles, a painter in Barnesville, Ohio; Rev. Henry, a clergy- man in the German Lutheran Church, at Albany, N. Y., but who at one time had charge for ten years in Columbia, Pa., and during this period his sister Amelia, while on a visit to him, first met her hus- band, Ernst Rochow; John, a farmer at Smithland, Iowa; Rev. Herman, a minister of the English IvUtheran church with a charge at Aspinwall, Pa. ; Louis, a grocer at Saltsburg, Pa. ; Otelia, deceased ; William, manager of five groceries in Chicago, 111. ; Amelia, wife of Mr. Rochow ; and Edward and Otto, both deceased. The parents of this family are de- . vout members of the German Lutheran Church. Mr. and Mrs. Rochow are members of the Ger- man Lutheran Church, and in politics Mr. Rochow is a Democrat ; he is also a member of the Society of Heptasophs. In social circles Mr. and Mrs. Rochow occupy a very high position, and as a business man, Mr. Rochow is regarded as shrewd and enterpris- ing, but as being strictly upright and of unswerv- ing integrity in all his dealings. SAMUEL W. RANCK. One of the prominent and successful farmers and stock dealers of Lan- caster county, is Samuel W. Ranck, who was born in Upper Leacock township, near Bird-in-Hand, on Oct. 21, T872, and he was a son of A. M. and Caroline fWenger) Ranck, of this township. Samuel W. Ranck attended the district schools of his locality, was reared on the home farm where he remained until the age of twenty-one years, and then entered the employ of Milton Kendig and for seven years was engaged in the business of selling horses and mules, on the road. Then Mr. Ranck rented his present fine farm from his father, and since that date has successfully carried on his former business in his own interest. On March 24, 1894, Mr. Ranck was married in. Akron, Ephrata township, to Frances M. Pfautz, who was born in Warwick township and was a daughter of Hiram G. and Louisa (Reisener) Pfautz, the former a native of Warwick township, and the latter of Lebanon county. Mr. Pfautz was born in 1835, his wife two years later, and until iQoo when he retired from activity, he was a prom- inent farmer of Warwick township. The children BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY HOT of Mr. and Mrs. Pfautz were: Emma and Mary, deceased; Graybill, a teacher in Rothsville; Alice, who married William Tausnach, a bookkeeper of Lititz, Pa. ; Harry, a cigar manufacturer, of Roths- ville ; and Monroe, a conductor on the Pennsylvania and Reading Railroad. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Ranck were Joseph and Martha (Graybill) Pfautz, farmers of Lancaster county, of Swiss ancestry, while the ma- ternal grandfather was Christian Reisener, who married a Miss Smith ; the former came to America from the city of Worms, Germany, when he was young. His father had been a judge and the mayor of that city. ANDREW BAKER ROTE, proprietor of the A. B. Rote Architectural & Structural Iron Works, Lancaster, has had a phenomenal career as a manu- facturer. He is descended from a family who have lived in Lancaster for generations, and his father, William Rote, was a locomotive builder in his younger manhood, and now assists his son (A. B.) in the Architectural Iron Works. William Rote married Miss Mary A. Hartley, whose people were from Carlisle, Cumberland county. From this union nine children were born, seven of whom are still living. Andrew Baker Rote was born in Lancaster, Oct. 26, 1871, and was educated in the public schools.- At a very early age, he became an apprentice at en- graving, then entered a clothing store for a time, next worked at making and engraving umbrella handles, and at the age of fifteen went into the iron business as an errand boy. He was promoted to be draughtsman in the establishment, and at eigh- teen vears became superintendent of the works. Mr. Rote's next move was to start in the iron fence and architectural iron business for himself. This was in 1891, but the business gradually grew into building and structural steel and iron work, and the plant, located on East Chestnut street, soon be- came too small for the rapidly growing trade. In 1898 Mr. Rote bought the Brady Edge Tool Works at Cherry and Walnut streets, and after enlarging and remodeling the place to his use, carried on his business more extensively than ever. Among the notable structures for which the A. B. Rote works have supplied the iron and steel work are the Lan- caster County Insane Asvlum, the Woolworth Build- ing and the Woolworth Roof Garden, the new Y. M' C a. Building, the American Caramel Company Building, the new Science Building of Franklm & Marshall College, the bridge and iron work for the Armstrong Cork Works, all the steel work for the Lancaster Electric Railway, Light and Power Co.. all the steel and iron work for the Pennsylvama Railroad freight station at Lancaster, and the grand entrances for St. Mary's and Greenwood cemeteries ; and, at the time this .sketch was written (Jan. 1903) thev had the contracts for the ^iron and steel work of the annex to the Follmer-Clogg umbrella works. all the fire escapes and iron stairways of "Hotel Wheatland," and the structural steel and iron work for the big annex to the Hamilton Watch Factory, and the fine building which Frank B. Trout is erect- ing next door to "Hotel Wheatland." These are only a few of Mr. Rote's larger contracts in the vicinity while among his out of town work may be mentioned the beautiful .iron entrance at Lititz Springs, and the fence and entrance to the Morris- ville Cemetery near Trenton. So vast has this line of work become, indeed, that Mr. Rote has opened a large lot near his works for structural iron work, and has secured a commodious warehouse on Wal- nut street. As we write, he is engaged on the iron and steel work for the new General Hospital of Columbia, and the new General Hospital of Lan- caster, as well as on the grand new entrance for Lancaster cemetery. His career, in brief, has been simply wonderful. Mr. Rote was married, on April 4, 1893, to Lillie M. Boehringer, a daughter of J. George Boehringer, a well known citizen of Lancaster, and this union has resulted in the birth of two children : Mary Regina, aged eight years, and Andrew Herbert, aged five years. They live in a cosy home at No. no S. Ann street, which Mr'. Rote purchased early in his married life. Religiously, the family is iden- tified with Trinity Lutheran Church, while socially, Mr. Rote is a member of the Lancaster Board of Trade, the Young Republicans, Odd Fellows, Knights of Malta, American Mechanics, Royal Ar- canum, and Artisans. Politically, he is a stanch Republican, and has served the people of the seventh ward for one term in the common council, and has been re-nominated for a second term, for he is as popular politically as he is personally. EZRA W. N EWCOMER, V. M. D., is one of the leading veterinary surgeons of his section of Lan- caster county, and, though yet a young man, has by his skill won the confidence of his patrons in a degree often attained only after years of successful practice. Mr. Newcomer was born March 31, 1876, in Rapho township, this county, where the family has long resided. His grandparents, Christ and Catherine (Niss- ley) Newcomer, were natives of Manor township, and settled on a farm in Rapho township, where they died. Jacob N. Newcomer, the father of our subject, was born July 28, 1835, in Rapho township, where he still resides. He adopted his father's calling, has been a life-long farmer, and owns a fine farm of 104 acres. Mr. Newcomer married Miss Barbara Weid- man, who was born May 26, 1838, in Rapho town- ship, daughter of Amos and Barbara (Suavely) Weidman, farming people of Lancaster county. Children as follows blessed this union: Elizabeth, who died in infancy; Amos, a farmer of Mt. Joy township ; David died March 23, 1902 ; Fanny, wife of Henry Bear, a farmer of East Hempfield town- 1108 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ship ; Alice, wife of John E. Garber, a farmer of West Donegal township; Levi, unmarried, who lives with his parents ; Jacob, a farmer of East Donegal town- ship; John, a farmer of East Hempfield township; Barbara, who died April lo, 1902, wife of Ira Longe- necker, a farmer of East Donegal township; and Ezra W., whose name opens this sketch. The par- ents are members of the Old Mennonite Church. Mr. Newcomer is a Republican politically, and he has served three years as supervisor of his town- ship. Ezra W. Newcomer remained on the home farm until he was sixteen years of age, meantime receiv- ing a practical education in the local public schools, which he supplemented by one year's attendance at the Millersyille State Normal School. He then clerked a year in a drug store in Mt. Joy, spent the following year on his father's farm, and at the end of that time entered the University of Pennsylvania, where he took a three years' course, graduating in June, 1899, with the degree of V. M. D. He has since been located in Mt. Joy, where he has devoted himself to the practice of veterinary surgery, in which he already enjoys a lucrative patronage. Mr. Newcomer bids fair to establish himself among the most respected and substantial citizens of the com- munity, and toward that end he cannot do better than to follow the example of his honored father. He is a Republican politically. Mr. Newcomer was married in April, 1900, to Miss Minnie Breneman, of East Donegal township, where the wedding took place. Her parents, Henry and Harriet (Heidler) Breneman, natives of Lan- caster county, reside in East Donegal ; he is a veter- inary surgeon. ABRAHAM E. BINKLEY is one of the bright and progressive young men of the community in which he lives, and belongs to an old honored fam- ily of Lancaster county. The respected name which he bears suffers no loss of credit in his in- dustrious and useful life. Mr. Binkley was born in Manor township, near Safe Harbor, June 7, 1874, and is a son of David and Mary Ann (Eshleman) Binkley, both of Manor township. Reared on the farm, and educated in the public schools, at the age of twenty years he began life for himself, and worked a year in the nursery of his father-in-law, Daniel D. Herr, of Manor township ; then removing to a property he had purchased at Neffsville, Manheim township, which contained thirty-four acres. Since then he has bought four acres more, and in 1898 erected a beautiful modern residence, which is a credit to the town. Here is his home, and his attention is devoted to farming and dairying, as he has a milk route in Lancaster. In 1901 he purchased a new threshing outfit and is now threshing, crushing stone, shredding fodder, etc., throughout his com- munity. Mr. Binkley was married Dec. 5, 1895, to Miss Lizzie H. Herr, a daughter of Daniel D. Herr, the noted nurseryman of Manor township. Mr. and Airs. Binkley have a family of three children who are living, and have lost one child. Their children are as follows : Anna Mary ; Miles Lloyd, who is dead ; Howard Melvin; Clarence Ray. Mr. and Mrs. Binkley belong to the Mennonite Church, and are esteemed and respected by all in the community for their many good qualities. ELDER HENRY B. HOFFER, a general farmer of Rapho township, was born in Penn town- ship Sept. 4, 1857, son of George and Mary (Baum- berger) Hoffer, of Penn township. George Hoffer, the father, died in Rapho town- ship, Jan. 3, 1890, at the age of sixty-three years and is buried in Hershey Meeting House cemetery, Rapho township. During his younger lif? he worked at the carpenter trade but afterwards bought a farm and resided on it until his death. The widow of George Hoffer was born March 9, 1831, and resides in Manheim, Pa. Both the deceased and his widow were members of the Mennonite Church. They were the parents of the following children: Fanny, wife of Abraham Summy, a Penn township farmer ; Allen B., a Rapho township farmer, mar- ried to Miss Fanny Hershey; Henry B., the subject of this sketch ; Emanuel, a Rapho township farmer ; and Cassie, wife of Joseph B. Ginder, a Mt. Joy township farmer. , Mr. Hoffer's paternal grandparents were Eman- uel and Barbra Hoffer, of Lancaster county, the family being of Swiss origin. His maternal grand- parents were John and Elizabeth Baumberger, of Penn township. On Oct. 5, 1884, Elder Hoffer was married to Miss Anna Shelley, of Rapho township, the cere- mony being performed by Rev. Jacob M. Engle. No children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Hoffer. Mrs. Anna (Shelley) Hoffer was born in Rapho township, in 1860 and is the sister of Mrs. A. M. Sheetz, wife of Rev. A. M. Sheetz, of Rapho town- ship. Mr. Hoffer lived with his parents until the time of his marriage, after which he sought various farm employments in the vicinity. He then rented a farm on shares and conducted it successfully for three years. In 1888 he purchased his present home place and has prospered finely with it. In 1892 Mr. Hoffer was ordained a minister of the" Brethren in Christ Church, of which he is a member, and in 1896 he was made an elder. In this church elders have the same jurisdiction that a bishop of the Mennonite Church holds. It is a very honorable and responsible clerical office and is only bestowed on the most capable men of the church. Elder Hoffer has the esteem and confidence of the whole community, irrespective of religious belief, for he is tolerant and fair, in his views on all subjects, secular or otherwise. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1109 WALTER C. HOWRY, for some years a car- riage maker and blacksmith at Marietta, Lancas- ter county, was born in Willow Street village, West Lampeter township, this county, June i8, 1872, son of Rev. Christian K. and Susan (Shroad) Howry, of East and West Lampeter townships, re- spectively. Christian Howry was a tailor by trade. He was a pious and moral man by nature, and was a Mennonite clergyman for twenty-seven years, ^ying' June, 1900, at the age of seventy-two years, beloved by all who knew him. His widow, who ■now resides in Lancaster, is about sixty-nine years old. The children born to Rev. Christian K. Howry and his wife were ten in number, and were as follows : Samuel, deceased ; Mary, unmarried, who is residing with her mother ; Ernest, deceased ; Tilly, widow of Hiram Horting, and now married to Jacob Andes, a farmer and fruit-grower of Ephrata ; John, deceased ; Edward, a truckman, of East Lampeter township ; William, a carriage- maker in Shiremanstown, Pa. ; Kate, wife of Martin Weaver, a florist of East Lampeter township, Lan- caster county ; Phebe, wife of Elmer Trout, of Lan- caster : and Walter C. The paternal grandparents of Walter C. Howry were Abraham and Elizabeth (Keephart) Howry, farming people, and quite prominent in West Lampeter township. Walter C. Howry at the age of sixteen years left his home and went to Paradise, Lancaster coun- ty, and there served an apprenticeship of four years at the blacksmith's trade with Jacob Winger. His "time" completed, he went to Lancaster City, where he worked seven years for Edward Edgerley. In January, 1900, he came to Marietta and established his blacksmith business, which he conducted very successfully. Late in 1902 he went out of this busi- ness to take his present position as foreman in the automobile business at Chester, Delaware county. In Soudersburg, Nov. 30, 1893, Mr. Howry mar- ried Miss Ida M. Andrews, and to this union have been born two children, Reba M. and Aaron D. Mrs. Ida (Andrews) Howry was born in East Lampeter township, in November, 1874, and is a daughter of Christian F. and Mary A. (Dieffen- baugh) Andrews, natives of the same township, where the father, who was a shoemaker, passed away Sept. 3, 1874, at the early age of thirty years. Mrs. Howry was the sole off-spring of these par- ents. Mrs. Andrews remarried, and is now the wife of Aarbn Denlinger, a retired farmer of East Lampeter, but to this union no children have been born. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Howry were Daniel and Catherine (Farrie) Andrews, of Cum- berland, and East Lampeter township, 'Lancaster county: Daniel was a school teacher and farmer, and a son of Peter Andrews, a native of Germany, and a Mennonite preacher. The maternal grand- parents were Abraham ' K., and Fanny (Hess) Dieffenbaugh, of East Lampeter township, the for- mer of whom was a farmer and a son of Harry Dieffenbaugh, of Lancaster county, and whose par- ents were born in .Switzerland. In politics Mr. Howry is a Republican. He is an expert mechanic and through his accommodat- ing disposition he secured a very large patronage. DAVID L. GLATFELTER is a great-great- grandson of Casper Glattfelder, who was a son of Felix Glattfelder and Barbara Gorins, and a grand- son of Hans Glattfelder, who for many years held the office of Ammann (the president and sheriff) in the town of Glattfelden, Canton Zurich, Switzer- land, in the very early days of the seventeenth cen- tury. The family comes remotely from Celtic sources, deriving the name from "Feld der Glatt," a branch of the River Rhine. Prof. Dr. Daendliker, of Zurich, the well-known Swiss historian, says: 'We find the name connected with the earliest his- tory of the community, as also of the parish church at Glattfelden. Recent investigation shows that the town of Glattfelden was founded by the ancestors of Casper, where they held important offices." The name is still well represented there. Casper Glattfelder was born in 1709, at Glatt- felden, and in 1843 came with his wife to America. They journeyed down the Rhine to Rotterdam, where they took passage in the "Francis and Eliza- beth," and arrived in due time at Philadelphia, where he qualified as a citizen Aug. 30, 1743. [Sec. Archives of Pennsylvania, Vol. 17, 2d Series] Cas- per Glattfelder settled in Springfield township, York county, which was then a part of Lancaster county, p.nd applied himself to his trade of millwright, which was perhaps the most valuable at that time in the Colonies. Five sons were born to him, and four of these bore arms in the Revolution. Casper Glattfelder, Jr., the great-grandfather of David L., served in the 5th Company, 7th Battalion, under command of Capt. John Erman and Col. David Kennedy. His three brothers, Michael, Henry and Felix were enrolled in the 6th Company under Capt. George Geiselman. Casper Glattfelder, Jr., was in his lifetime a very extensive real estate owner, and followed farming the greater part of his life. In religion he was a member of the Re- formed Church. He was the father of six sons and two daughters. John Glattfelder, grandfather of David L., was a millwright, and there are miMs in this part of Pennsylvania which are still in operation that show the character of his handiwork. To him were born four children, of whom Isaac K., the youngest, was the father of David L. Isaac K. Glatfelter was born in 1825, and in early life taught school. He took an active part in establishing the free school system. His wife, Sarah Feiser, daughter of Peter Feiser, a much re- spected farmer, bore him nine children, of whom David L. was the youngest. 1110 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY David L. Glatfelter was born Feb. 29, 1872. After completing his education he taught school for a time. In 1890 he accepted a position in the Drovers' and Mechanics' National Bank of York, Pa., and in 1892 he was elected a clerk in the First National Bank of Columbia, where he filled the position of discount clerk for a number of years. When the Columbia Trust Company was organized he became its teller, and is still continued in that' position, which he ably fills. He is secretary of the Home Building and Loan Association and is vari- ously connected with other local enterprises. Known throughout this part of the county as an enterpris- ing and pushing business man, he is esteemed alike for his manly character, business integrity and gen- ial disposition. Mr. Glatfelter was married in 1893 to Anna L., a daughter of H. M. Crider, bookseller and pub- lisher . of York, Pa. They have three children : David, born in 1895; Frank, 1896; and Sarah, 1899. MISS MAGGIE E. McCOMMON, a retired lady of Colerain township, Lancaster county, was born in this township, in Feb., 1853, and is a daughter of Joseph and Catherine (Hays) McCommon. Joseph McCommon was born in Colerain town- ship, June 13, 1813, while his wife was born in Little Britain, in June, 18 15. She was a daughter of John and Margaret (Clendenin) Hays, and came of a Scotch-Irish "parentage. Joseph McCommon was the son of James and Elizabeth (Patterson) McCommon, who were among the first settlers of Colerain township. He cleared a farm and erected a home where some of his de- scendants still live. They left a family of five sons and three daughters, (i) Samuel married Isabella Ross, of Chester county ; they lived in Colerain town- ship some years, and then moved to Oxford, Ches- ter county, where they died, leaving a family of children : James, of Oxford ; Ross, of East Drumore ; Petterson, who died in Colerain ; Howard, of Marys- ville. Mo. ; Samuel, of Virginia ; Leal B., who died in Colerain ; Lester R., who lived and died in Virginia ; Jemima R., of West Grove, Chester county. (2) James McCommon died unmarried. (3) Robert died in Ohio. (4) John died on the old homestead. (5) Mary married Hugh McConnell, and moved with him to Ohio, where she died. (6) Margaret married Alexander Morri.*>n, and died at their home near Kings Bridge, leaving five children: Rev. James, of Washington ; Dr. Joseph, of Marvville, Mo. ; Samuel, who died in Missouri ; Alexander, of Little Britain; Annie E., widow of E. King, of Little Britain. (7) Eliza McCommon died a maiden lady at Oxford. (8) Joseph was the father of Miss Mc- Common. Joseph McCommon grew to manhood on the farm, and was educated in the home schools and the Hopewell Academy, where he received a fine classical training, and for a number of years was a popular and successful teacher. After his marriage he purchased the farm where Miss McCommon lives today. There he died in 1894, his wife having passed to her reward in Dec, 1893. Both Mr. and Mrs. McCommon were active members of the Presbyterian Church, where he was an elder for a number of years. In the build- ing and founding of the present church of that faith in LTnion, he was actively interested, and always con- tributed to its support. In politics he was a Demo- crat, and held local offices during his life. They left one daughter, Maggie. Miss Maggie E. McCommon received her educa- tion in the Union high school, and was a young lady of more than ordinary culture and character. She has always remained at home, and before the death of her parents took charge of the farm, and continued its management. She was a tender, loving and duti- ful daughter, and gave her parents every atten- tion in their declining years. She is a member, of the Presbyterian Church, and is greatly esteemed in the community for her many good qualities and characteristics. JOHN M. YOUNG, of Lancaster, a notable ex- ample of a self-made man, was born in Philadelphia, Aug. II, 1872, son of William L. Young, a native of Philadelphia, whose father came from Hamburg^ Germany, to settle in the Quaker City. William L. Young was engaged for twenty-seven years as a horse dealer in Easton, and later in' Allentown. John M. Young received a limited public school education as a boy, and the broader and deeper knowl- edge which he now enjoys, is the result of his own efforts in his battle with the world. When he reached the age of eleven years, he began his career in life as an errand boy in a store, where he earned a dollar a. week and his breakfast, his day's work beginning at five o'clock in the morning. At the age of fourteen years he attended a business college, working for a crockery house before and after his school' hours. Completing his course at the end of a year, this in- dustrious youth assisted the management of the school in the night sessions, but worked during the day to earn a little more money. Beginning as an errand and general utility boy in one of the stores of the Grand Union Tea Company, he worked his way up until he became a manager, remaining with this company for twelve years, five of which were spent in Lancaster. On Sept. 30, 1899, Mr. Young resigned, and in company with George R. and E. R. Heisey, of Mari- etta, he established the H. Y. H. Tea and Coffee store, at No. 114 North Queen street. In this busi- ness William L. Young, mentioned above, took part as an assistant. The business greW" so rapidly that inside of a year it was converted into a department tea and coffee store, introducing brands and grades of goods never before offered to the Lancaster pub- lic, the firm thus becoming educators and pioneers. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY nil In this departure from old time methods, Mr. Young was cheerfully and gladly sustained by the public. Late in the summer of 1901, after having been in business about two years, the H. Y. H. Tea and Cof- fee Company closed its affairs, and retired from busi- ness. Mr. Young was recalled by the Grand Union Tea and Cofifee Company and again became the man- ager of their Lancaster store, a frontier he had held before with so great credit to himself and with so much satisfaction to the company. PETER A. KRODEL, Among the prominent and enterprising business citizens of Columbia none are better or more favorably known than Peter A. Krodel, who conducts one of the largest mercantile houses in the city, his line including dry-goods, mil- linery, cloaks and notions. Mr. Krodel was born in Columbia, March 29, 1844, son of Conrad and Anna Dorothea (EUer) Krodel, who were born in Bavaria, Germany, Dec. •22, 1794, and July 2, 1800, respectively. In 181 2 Conrad Krodel was conscripted, and he served six years in the Prussian army, seeing some hard ser- vice until the fall of Napoleon Bonaparte. In 1818 he was honorably discharged, and returned home. Some years later he married. In the fall of 1837 he started for America with his family, landing at New York, Jan. i, 1838, and arriving at Columbia, Lan- caster Co., Pa., a week later. There. he made his home until 1848, when he moved his family to York county, and there engaged in farming until 1865, when he sold out and moved back to Columbia, where he died in 1867. The mother survived until 1876. Both were buried in Mt. Bethel cemetery. During life both father and mother were active and consist- ent members of the German Lutheran Church, in which they were beloved and respected. Three chil- dren were born to them: Margaret, who died in 1856; John J., who died in 1891, in Elizabethtown, where he was well known as a most reliable carpen- ter and builder ; and Peter A. Peter A. Krodel spent his early years on a farm, but, his natural inclination has never been toward an agricultural life. When he was but four years old his parents moved to York county, where he re- mained until 1862, at which time he engaged with Jacob Sneath, then living at Mountville, to learn the carpenter's trade, at which he continued until 1876. He then opened up a grocery business, successfully conducting the same until 1880, when his energy and enterprise induced him to open up the magnificent store which is an adornment to the town. He car- ries on a business of which Columbia is proud, and has built up a trade very gratifying to himself. His relations with his customers are such that he has gained their confidence, a feeling which is con- stantly on the increase. Mr. Krodel was married in Columbia, in Octo- ber, 1872, to Miss Emily F. Fischer, and the follow- ing named children have been born to this union: Mary and Delia, who died in infancy; Anna, who died at the age of seven; Florence, who died in in- fancy; Charles, who died at the age of four; and Charles F. and T. Johnson, the latter of whom has been organist of St. Paul's P. E. Church since the age of seventeen, and is an accomplished musician, both on the piano and pipe organ. Charles is a fine violinist, and leader of Krodel Brothers Orchestra; both the boys are bright and intelligent, and are par- ticularly gifted in music. Mrs. Krodel was born in Columbia, on the same block in. which she now lives, daughter of John and Barbara (Siebert) Fischer, of Mecklenburg and Bavaria, Germany, respectively, the former of whom located in Columbia, where he followed his trade of cabinetmaker, polisher and engraver, and was con- sidered a finished workman. His death occurred at the age of fifty-eight, his widow surviving until 1899 ; she was seventy-three'at the time of her death. Mr. Fischer was a man of wealth and prominence in his native country. He was much missed, and was buried in Mt. Bethel cemetery. He and his wife had been connected with the Lutheran Church, in which they were known as worthy and deservedly esteemed people. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Fischer were: Mary, who married Charles F. Eager, of Columbia ; Emily F., Mrs. Krodel ; Lydia, who died at the age of twenty; and Barbara, who lived to be but two. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Krodel were Ernest and Magdalena (Schroe- der) Fischer, of Mecklenburg, Germany, where they lived out thir lives, and were people of wealth and prominence ; all the relations surviving are there yet and occupy important stations both socially and po- litically. Mr. Krodel has been connected with the Masonic fraternity for over thirty years, being a past officer in Chapter, Commandery and Illustrious Order of the Red Cross of Rome and Constantine. Although the family are not formally connected with the Lutheran Church, they worship there, and are most generous and willing contributors to all its charities. CHRISTIAN HERSHEY was in his fife time one of the well-known men of Paradise township, where his industrious habits, honest character and genial disposition made him one of the leading farm- ers of that portion of Lancaster county. Mr. Hershey was born in Leacock township. May 7, 1813, son of Christian, Sr., and Susie (Hershey) Hershey, and died May 15, 1895. All his earlier years were spent in his parents' home. His first marriage occurred in February, 1837, when Batbara Stauffer became his wife. She became the mother of four children : Susie and Henry, both deceased ; Isaac, who died at the age of thirty-two years ; and Annie, wife of Samuel Denlinger, of Paradise town- ship. Mrs. Hershey died in 1844, and Christian Hershey was married in 1845 to his second wife, Magdalena Metzler, a daughter of Christian and 1112 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Nancy (Werner) Metzler; she was born in Cones- toga township, Oct. 12, 1824, and is still living. When she was a little girl the family moved into Paradise township, where her life has since been passed. Christian Hershey followed farming until he retired, which he did some years before his death. One of the successful farmers of Lancaster county, he was widely known as an upright and kind-hearted man. Christian Hershey and his wife Magdalena had the following family:- Lizzie, who died at the age of sixteen years ; Barbara, wife of Elani Brockhill, of Paradise township; Mary, wife of Christian Brockhill, collector of Paradise township ; Abraham, who resides in Detroit, Mich., where he is engaged in the furniture business (he married Martha Cling) ; Christian, who died in infancy ; Ben- jamin, a retired farmer, living at Gordonville, where he is a member of the school board ; Magdalena, at home ; Hettie, who died in childhood ; Sarah, wife of Levi Wenger, of Gordonville ; Israel, a resident of Lancaster, who married Magdalena Eaby ; Joseph, who married Magdalena Hershey, and resides at Paradise ; and Amos, who married Miss Sarah Grofif, and resides in the old home in Paradise town- ship, where he is a tax collector. Mr. Hershey, his wife, and all their children with the exception of three, joined the Old Mennonite Church. Two of the three belong to the Reformed Mennonite Church, and all are counted among the very best people of this part of Lancaster county. There are thirty-one grandchildren in the family, and are all bright and intelligent young people, giving promise of success and honor in life. ' WILLIAM LLOYD JACKSON, a retired farmer of Christiana, is a son of James and Abigail (Rakestraw) Jackson, who were born in Chester county, Pa., and in 1843 settled in Bart township, Lancaster county. The father was a farmer. He died in April, 1881, at the age of seventy-two years, and the mother was seventy-one at the time of her death, in October, 1881. They were members of the Society of Friends, in which the father was a min- ister for some twenty years. They had the follow- ing children: Mary, who married Joseph Brocius, of Chester county. Pa. ; Thomas, who died at the age of two years ; Eliza, deceased, who married Thomas Baker; Edith, who died young; Lydia, who mar- ried James Brinton ; William L., whose name ap- pears above ; Ellwood, a farmer at Nine Points, Lan- caster county ; and James J., a farmer in Lancaster county. William Lloyd Jackson was married March 23, 1865, at the home of the bride, in Sadsbury township, to Lydia Walter. Children as follows were born to this union : Hannah married Charles Maule, a farmer in Sadsbtiry township, by whom she has three children : James died at the age of nineteen ; Mary married John Morris, and lives in Chester county ; Elsie married Gilbert Everson, a farmer in Sadsbury township; Jessie Walter is attending the University of Michigan ; George Walter is at home. Mrs. Lydia (Walter) Jackson was born in Chester county, daughter of George H. Walter, and sister of B. F. Walter, a leading citizen of Christiana. William L. Jackson lived with his parents until his marriage, when he began farming in Sadsbury township. Twenty years later he bought the property upon which he now resides. He has led a useful life. He owns three good farms, and is one of the thrifty and provident farmers whose industry and integrity have greatly raised the level of agriculture in Lancaster county. For more than twenty years Mr. Jackson has filled the position of school director, and he has taken a' lively interest in every move and enterprise looking to the common good and the wel- fare of all. He is a member of the Society of Friends, and in politics is a Republican. ROLANDUS BRUBAKER, a most worthy rep- resentative of an old and honored family of Lancaster county, and an esteemed citizen of Martic township, was born in Providence township Jan. 27, 1827, son of John and Martha (Sides) Brubaker. John Brubaker, the father, was born in 1800, and died in 1855. He married Martha Sides, of another old family of the county, and they had ten children, nine of whom grew to maturity: George, of Lan- caster ; Rolandus ; Barbara, deceased ; John, of Mar- tic township; Susan, wife of Thomas Lebozier, of Martic township ; Henry, of Martic township ; Ben- jamin (a twin brother of Henry), who died in 1863, in the army; Martha M., wife of David Kreider of Martic; and Fannie, wife of John Alexander. Rolandus Brubaker is one of the substantial and highly respected men of Martic township, and his long and honorable life of adherence to duty teaches its own lesson and shows its reward. His early ef- forts were carried on with very limited means, and when the country needed his services he put aside his own interests and became, in 1863, one of her defenders. He served in the soth P. V. I., in the Army of the Potomac, and made a fine record as a soldier. Subsequently he became a successful farm- er, and he is entitled to his life of ease in retirement from activity, having worked hard to accumulate his ample means. His large, well improved farm contains 223 acres, well stocked. In 1849 Mr. Brubaker married Miss Jane Stew- ard, who was born in 1829, and died in 1897, daugh- ter of Thdmas and Margaret (Nelson) Steward, of Lancaster county. Four children came to this union, namely: William, born in 1850, is an engi- neer, and lives in Cleveland, Ohio; Oscar D., born in 1855, married Miss Dora McGuigeon, of Martic township, and has charge of the old home place; John T., born in 1857, is a blacksmith of Mt. Nebo, and prominent in local politics; Harry C, born in 1868, is a resident of Lancaster. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1113 In politics Mr. Brubaker is a stanch Republican. He has long been a member of the M. E. Church of Mt. Nebo. He is held in the highest esteem in his community as a man of integrity, of charitable im- pulses, and of exalted Christian character, one who numbers the best in his neighborhood among his warmest personal friends. _ GEORGE W. GRESS, a well-known resident of Columbia, Lancaster county, and a conductor on the Pennsylvania railroad, was born on a farm in Franklin county, Pa., Dec. i8, 1845, son of George and Mary (Thomas) Gress, the former of whom was born in Germany and the latter in Franklin county, Pennsylvania. George Gress, the father, was born in 181 o, and came to America when a young man with two broth- ers, one of whom was Adam. George was a shoe- maker and farmer. He was married in Franklin county, Pa., and to this union were born nine chil- dren, in the following order : John, who died in Salisbury prison, N. C, during the war of the Re- bellion ; Sarah, deceased wife of Jacob Weiser ; Mar- garet, married to Abram Zimmerman, a farmer of Ironville, Pa. ; George W., whose name opens this sketch, Catherine T., of Columbia, widow of Henry C. Long ; Peter C, a physician in Atchison, Kans. ; Ellen M., unmarried, and a resident of Philadelphia ; Matilda, deceased wife of Frederick Stotts; and Hezekiah, of Mechanicsburg. George Gress, the father of this family, passed away in 1885, a member of the German Reformed Church, and his wife died in 1889, when sixty-nine years old. The paternal grandfather of Mr. Gress, also named George, was sixteen years in the German army as cavalryman, was an officer, and died in his native land. The maternal grandparents were Sam- uel and Sarah (Ballow) Thomas, of Franklin coun- ty, Pa., the former of Irish parentage. George W. Gress, whose name opens this sketch, lived on the home farm until twenty years old, and then worked on a farm in Illinois for two years. Coming east again he worked in a tannery two years, and on Oct. 18, 1870, took up his home in Columbia, entering the employ of the Pennsylvania Railway Company as brakeman and flagman ; he filled these positions ten years, and was then promoted to con- ductor. On Nov. 12, 1874, in Lancaster, Mr. Gress mar- ried Miss Mary B. Hiestand, and to this marriage have been born five children, viz. : Minnie Kathryne was married, Jan. 30, 190T, to Daniel Webster Mere- dith, of New York; Harvey Hiestand enlisted in 1898 in Co. G, 4th United States Infantry, for three years, and served three years in the Philippine Isl- ands, in that command and in Co. G, 21st Infantry, receiving an honorable discharge June 3, 1902; Elizabeth Mae, Anna Mary and Charles W. are at home. Mrs. Mary E. (Hiestand) Gress was born in West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, Oct. II, 1847, daughter of Jacob D. and Mary (Bruck- hart) Hiestand, both of Lancaster county, th£ for- mer of whom was a prosperous farmer. Mr. and Mrs. Hiestand had three children, namely: Eliza- beth, who died young; Mary B., now Mrs. George W. Gress; and Martha B., unmarried, and a resi- dent of Freeport, 111. Mr. Hiestand died in August, 1849, at the early age of twenty-eight years, and his wife died in November, 1851, aged twenty-six years. The paternal great-grandfather of Mrs. Gress v/as a patriot in the war of the Revolution, and her paternal grandparents, John and Susan (Gamber) Hiestand, were farming people in Lancaster county, as were also her maternal grandparents, John and Martha (Krider) Bruckhart. Mr. Gress and his family are members of the German Reformed Church, arid in politics he is a Republican. Socially the family are held in very high esteem, and each member is individually respected for his or her personal merits. CHRISTIAN G. CARPENTER, a prosperous cigar manufacturer and farmer of Brunnerville, is descended from an old German family of Lancaster county. His grandfather, who lived and died in the county, was the father of the following named chil- dren: Mary, Mrs. Weidner; George, a farmer of Warwick township ; Jacob, who was engaged in gen- eral work; and Emanuel, the father of Christian G. Emanuel Carpenter was born in 18 12 in Warwick township. He learned the carpenter's trade in early life, and followed it until about 1868, during the re- mainder of his active life keeping hotel at Brunner- ville and Warwick. He died in February, 1896. Mr. Carpenter married Miss Fianna Good, and they became the parents of nine children : Mary, wife of Levi Kemper; Frank, deceased, who kept hotel at Warwick and Brunnerville ; Joseph, deceased, who was a carpenter by trade ; Samuel, of Kansas, also a carpenter ; Christian G. ; Rebecca, wife of John B. Graybill; Emanuel, who was employed at general work; Josephine, wife of George Hallacker; and Catherine, who died in infancy. Christian G. Carpenter was born in Brownstown, Lancaster county, Sept. 11, 1841, and lived at home until he was seventeen years old. He was educated in the common schools of the county. On begin- ning' life for himself he clerked two years for Bare & Hissill, in Oregon, this county, and there, at the call of his country, he enlisted, Sept. 21, 1861, in Co. F, 9th Pa. Cavalry, for three years. He was mus- tered out of the service in Harrisburg Jan. 5, 1865. After a short vacation he went to work for the Penn- sylvania Railway Co., at his trade, in Philadelphia, and continued thus for about twenty years. The next two years he spent in the oil regions of Penn • sylyania. In 1893 he moved to his present place of residence, where he has carried on cigar manufactur- ing and farming, meeting with good success. Mr. 1114 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Carpenter is a member of the Artisans Order of Mu- tual Protection, in Philadelphia. In religious con- nection he is a member of the M. E. Church, and act- ive in its work, being superintendent of the Sunday- school. Mr. Carpenter ranks among the best citizens of his locality, and takes high standing in business, social and church circles. He was married to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Seth and Hannah Buck- waiter, of Lancaster county, and to this union have been born two children: Florence May, born Dec. 7, 1867, who lives at home; and Stella La June, born Jan. 31, 1875, wife of John M. Reighter, of Carlisle, Pennsylvania. JOHN KESSLER, a blacksmith and coach- maker at Kinzer's, Lancaster county, was born in Soudersburg, this county, Sept. 5, 1857, a son of David and Mary (Myres) 'Kessler. The mother, who still survives, is now aged seventy-six years. The father died at the age of sixty-eight years, in 1892, at the home of his son John. David Kessler was born in Lancaster county, and was a son of Leo- nard Kessler, who came from Germany, was a wheel- wright by trade, and carried on that business for years at Soudersburg, finally selling out to his son David (noted above as the father of John) , who con- tinued the business for years. Finally selling out, he bought a farm in Salisbury township, containing some eighty acres, not far from Cambridge. To this he added a small tract, and there he made his home as long as he lived. He and his wife belonged to the Presbyterian Church at Pequea, Salisbury township. Mrs. Kessler was born in Berks county, Pa. ' To Mr. and Mrs. Kessler were born the following family: Lizzie, the wife of Henry Gault, of Cambridge, Amos, a blacksmith, of Cambridge (he married Miss Abbie Obenkirk) ; John ; DoUie, the wife of William Witman, of Mast, Salisbury township ; Ida, who married Jacob Fisher, of Chester county, and is de- ceased ; Harry, who went to blacksmithing in 1877, and died in 1878, aged eighteen years; Susie, who died unmarried ; and Sallie, who died in infancy. John Kessler was reared on the farm, and re- ceived his education in the public schools. When he was eighteen he began to learn the blacksmith's trade, which he mastered, and then located, in 1879, in Buena Vista, where he carried on his trade for seven years. His second location was at Kinzer's, where he is still engaged in business. There he pur- chased ground and erected a building for the manu- facture of carriages and all kinds of vehicles. He thoroughly understands his trade, and his own work is rated very highly. He has done as much as, or more than, any other man in the town in the way of building up the village, having erected three dwell- ing houses and a large shop. John Kessler was married, Dec. 23, 1878, to Miss Mary Skiles, who was reared in the family of Samuel S. Kauffman, of Kinzer's, and to this union have come two daughters, Laura Amanda and Sarah Emma, the latter of whom died in infancy ; they also have adopted a son, Charles Fisher. Mr. and Mrs. Kessler are members of the Gap Methodist Church, of which he has served as a trustee for fifteen years. They are associated with the best elements of the community in which they live. REV. CLEVELAND FRAME, the present pas- tor of Pequea Presbyterian Church, was ordained in 1897. He was born in Philadelphia, a son of Sam- uel and Mary (Armstrong) FrameJ who still reside in that city, and to whom have been born eight chil- dren, as follows: William, who died in infancy; Sadie H., wife of Jacob Sieman, of Wilmington, Del., now deceased ; William James, Mary and Sam- uel, who died in infancy; Rev. Cleveland; Asher, living in Philadelphia; and Elwood T., living at Jenkintown, Pennsylvania. Rev. Cleveland Frame was educated primarily in the public schools of Philadelphia, which he at- tended until thirteen years old, and was then em- ployed in a retail dry-goods store for five years, and for two years was employed in a wholesale dry-goods house. He left the mercantile world at the end of that time and prepared for college at Rittenhouse Academy, in Philadelphia, and, in 1890, entered Princeton College, from which he graduated in 1894 ; he then entered Princeton Theological Seminary, and graduated from there in 1897. During his theologi- cal course he also did post-graduate work in Prince- ton College, and in 1896 had conferred upon him the degree of M. A. In 1896, also, he was licensed to preach by the Philadelphia Presbytery, and in 1897 he was ordained in Lancaster by the Westminster Presbytery and assumed his present charge, which includes the librarianship of the John McAlly Li- brary, in South Hermitage, for which he purchases all the literary matter. In 1897 Rev. Cleveland Frame was married to Miss Mary Robinson Hunter, who was born in Phil- adelphia, and is the daughter of Charles and Cather- ine (Robinson) Hunter. The mother is now de- ceased and the father resides in Philadelphia. To Mr. and Mrs. Hunter were born five children : Mar- garet, wife of Rev. Robert H. Kirk, pastor of the Union Church of Colerain township; Andrew, a physician, living at McKeesport, Pa. ; Mary R., the wife of Rev. Cleveland Frame ; Catherine and Robert J., living in Philadelphia. MARTIN K. BRU BAKER. In reviewing the prominent and representative men of Mt. Joy the name of Martin K. Brubaker comes to the front, as a successful farmer, tobacco raiser and cider manu- facturer, as well as one of the most highly respected citizens of the locality. Through ancestry and mar- riage Mr. Brubaker is connected with some of the oldest and most honorable families of Lancaster countv. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1115 Martin K. Brubaker was born in Warwick town- ship Nov. II, 1854, son of Jonas and Leah G. (Kel- lar) Brubaker, the former of whom was a prominent farmer in his township, and served as a school di- rector. He was a consistent member of the Men- nonite Church. He died in Warwick township May 10, i8q7, at the age of seventy-one years, nine months, eighteen days, his widow only surviving until Dec. 18, 1897, when she passed away at the age of sixty- six years, eight months, twelve days ; both were laid to rest in Erb's cemetery, in Warwick township. The children born to these good people were : Na- thaniel, a cider manufacturer of Warwick township ; Catherine, who died young; Clement, a retired far- mer of East Donegal township; Anna, who died young; Martin K. ; Elizabeth; who resides on the old homestead ; Barbara, who died young ; Levy, who resides on the old homestead with his sister; and Jonas, who died young. None of the retired farmers of Brunnerville, this county, enjoyed more respect than did Joseph and Mary (Bucher) Brubaker, Mr. Brubaker's paternal grandparents. His maternal grandparents, Fred- erick and Magdalina (Gross) Kellar, were highly esteemed among the farming people in the neighbor- hood of Lititz. The life of Mr. Brubaker has been almost en- tirely devoted to agricultural pursuits. Born and reared on a farm, he remained at home until he was twenty-five years old, and then removed to one of his father's farms, in East Donegal township, where he remained for three years. He then came to Mt. Joy and entered upon the business of tobacco farming, which he pursued for a number of years very suc- cessfully. In 1900 he again resumed tobacco farm- ing, and has been very successful in his culture of that plant. In 1887 he engaged in the manufacture of cider on a large scale, placing a very fine article on the market. Since 1883 the family has resided upon the present location, which is one of the most desirable in the neighborhood. Martin K. Brubaker was married Oct. 30, 1879, on the old farm, to Miss Anna Bear, and the follow- ing named children have been born to this union: Irvin B., born March 29, 1881 ; Nathan B., Oct. 20, 1884; Edwin B., March 4, 1887; Jonas B., June 7, 1889; Samuel B., Aug. 17, 1891 ; Ruth B., March 18, 1897; and Anna Vesta, June 17, 1901. All are under the parental roof, a happy, united family. Mrs. Anna (Bear) Brubaker was born in Mt. Joy July 22, 1861, the estimable daughter of Samuel and Anna A. (Lane) Bear, of near Lititz, and of Manheim township, respectively. Samuel Bear came to Mt. Joy in 1857, and followed the trade of mill- ing, dying there "in 1866, at the age of thirty. The mother of Mrs. Brubaker died in Manheim township in 1875, at the age of thirty-eight, and both were buried in the township where their last days were passed, the former in Donegal, the latter in Man- heim. The mother was a devout and consistent member of the U. B. Church. By her first marriage she had two children : Anna, Mrs. Brubaker, and Frances M., who married Amos R. Nissley, a retired farmer of Florin. Mrs. Bear married for her second husband John Keehler, and became the mother of three children : Alice, who married Milton Landis, a farmer of Hinkletown ; Elizabeth, who died young ; and John, a farmer of this county. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Brubaker were Gabriel and Anna (Rudy) Bear, of Chester county, the former of whom was a son of Samuel and Barbara (Weaver) Bear. The maternal grandparents were Abraham and Anna (Long) Lane, farming people of Manheim township. Mr. Brubaker has always taken an intelligent in- terest in matters of public policy, and has voted with the Republican party, and both he and his wife are among the leading members of the Mennonite Church. JOHN B. MYLIN, deceased. On Sept. 17, 1899, there passed from life one of the representative men of Lancaster county, a member of the old and hon- orable family of West Lampeter township. Mr. Mylin was born in the old Mylin homestead in Wil- lowstreet, Nov. 10, 1809, when the nineteenth cen- tury was still young, and lived a long and useful life, at the close of which the esteem in which he was held was only equaled by the love and affection he had inspired, not only in his own family, but throughout the community. John B. Mylin was a son of Abraham and Eliza- beth (Barr) Mylin, was reared on the farm, and was the only one of the five sons who clung to the soil. Others went out into the world in search of careers, but he found a congenial life occupation in farming and the raising of stock, and in time became one of the leading agriculturists of the county. His delight was in fine horses, and his finely bred animals were noted for their excellent points. John B. Mylin re- ceived his education in the public schools, in which he ever after took a deep interest, and he served on the board of education for a period of twelve years. Of a genial, pleasant disposition, he made many friends, and was known for his generosity and ben- evolence. His massive frame and agreeable person- ality made him a noticeable figure among his neigh- bors, by whom he was affectionately styled "Uncle John." He was a man of strong convictions, and as a Republican he never left any one in doubt as to his party affiliations. Delighting in the best farm, the best cattle and the finest horses in West Lampeter township, John B. Mylin, in 1884, erected one of the finest houses in his section of the country, in the village of Willowstreet, where he lived until his deaths at which time he was a consistent member of the Old Mennonite Church. John B. Mylin married Mattie Stehman, the only daughter of Tobias and Mattie Stehman, of Cones- toga township, who was born June 26, 1819, and died 1116 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY March 2, 1888. A family of four chilaren survived them: Henry S. married Levinia M. Hoover, and at the time of his death was a farmer ; Aldus C. is a farmer on the old homestead in West Lampeter town- ship ; Martha E. was married Dec. 7, 1892, to Abra- ham Lincoln Eshbach ; and Amanda C. married Mar- tin Lefever, of West Lampeter township. Abraham L. Eshbach was born at Millersville, Lancaster Co., Pa., son of Michael and Anna R. CHaverstick) Eshbach, the former of whom died Oct. I, 1879; the latter, who still survives, is a resi- dent of Lancaster city. The father was born in Mil- lersville, and was reared there and educated in the public schools. Later he adopted farming as his vocation, and became one of the representative ag- riculturists of his section'. He was a lifelong member of the Old Mennonite Church, as was also his wife, and both were noted for their admirable traits of character. Michael Eshbach' married Anna R. Hav- erstick, a daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Rush) Haverstick, and to them were born seven children: Jacob, who is a resident of Lancaster city ; Elizabeth, also a resident of that city ; Katie, who died in child- hood; Teressa, deceased, who was the wife of F. F. Able, and died at the age of forty-seven; John, a farmer of Martic township ; Isaac, a farmer of Provi- dence township ; and Abraham Li Abraham L. Eshbach was reared at Millersville and remained with his parents until the age of ma- turity, when he engaged in farming for himself, lo- cating at NefTsville. There he continued for five years, after which he accepted a position as clerk in a general store in the city of Reading, Pa., where lie was engaged for three years. Coming then to Willow street, he opened up a general' mercantile husiness, and for four years successfully conducted the same. Two years after his location in that place lie was appointed postmaster at Willowstreet, which position he has held continuously ever since 1893. The cares of his office and of the conduct of his large farm induced Mr. Eshbach to dispose of his stock of ^oods. As the owner of 230 acres of some of the finest land in Lancaster county, and as one of the largest stock and cattle raisers of the locality, he is justly regarded as one of the most substantial citi- zens of West Lampeter. In April, 1899, he pur- chased the store property which he occupies, and which is in the best part of the village of Willow- street, being considered one of the best locations, irom a business point of view, in that part of the country. All of his property is kept in good repair, the five complete sets of buildings on the farm re- ceiving careful attention, and the whole estate being conducted in a thrifty and judicious manner. Like his respected father-in-law, Mr. Eshbach is a stanch Republican, and he has taken an active part in the deliberations of the local wing of his party. The religious connection of both himself and wife IS with the Beohms Methodist Episcopal Church at Willowstreet, in which Mr. Eshbach is a trustee, a steward and superintendent of the Sunday-school. His interest in church and educational matters is well known, and he has been a delegate to the M. E. conventions at times, the last one being held in Har- risburg, in 1900. Both Mr. and Mrs. Eshbach are among the most highly respected residents of their part of Lancaster county. J. MONROE MARKLEY, who is engaged in the butcher business and farming at Lexington, is one of the prosperous and respected residents of that section of Lancaster coimty. He descends from an old German family of the section, his grandfather, Leonard Markley, having emigrated from Germany and settled in Lancaster county, where he followed farming all his life. He was the father of the fol- lowing named children: Abraham, the father of J. Monroe ; John, deceased, who was a merchant in Ohio ; Jacob, a watchmaker of Whiteoak ; Isaac, de- ceased, who was a farmer of Lancaster county; Elizabeth, wife of David Hellman; Mary, wife of Fred Uncle, of Philadelphia; and Catherine, de- ceased, who was the wife of George Unger. Abrahani Markley was born in Lexington in 1 829. He was occupied as a carpet weaver and stone- mason, and in the latter part of his life he started butchering, in Lexington, in all these lines meeting with success. He married Miss Annie Markley, daughter of Michael Markley, and they became the parents of two children : Louisa, deceased wife of Harry Eusminger, a painter of Manheim; and J. Monroe, whose name introduces this article. J. Monroe Markley was born in Lexington Feb. T9, 1854. He remained at home until he was twenty- five years of age, and learned the butcher business. During his boyhood he attended the common schools of the county. On commencing business life for himself he started butchering in the place where he is still located, and has been engaged in that line continuously, as well as in farming. Industry and good management have brought their just rewards, and he has met with deserved success in business. In October, 1879, Mr. Markley was married to Miss Mary B. Brubaker, daughter of Moses and Mol- lie Brubaker. This marriage has been blessed with two children: Edwin B., born Aug. 28, 1880; and Harvey B., born March 17, 1883. Mr. and Mrs. Markley are both members of the German Baptist Church. JOHN H. WARFEL, a resident of East Hemp- field township, whose home is at Rohrerstown, Lan- caster countv, belongs to an old and honored family, and worthily wears a noble name. John B. Warfel, his father, was born in Conestoga township, where he was reared, and where he spent his life engaged in farming. Jacob Warfel, the grand- father of John H., was a farmer, and a resident of Conestoga township. John B. Warfel owned and conducted a farm of 1T5 acres, where he died in BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1117. 1867, at the early age of forty-three years. He mar- ried Elizabeth Hess, daughter of Abraham Hess, a minister in the Dunker Church, and she is still liv- ing, having her home in Conestoga Center. They had a large family, remarkable for both its numbers and the general intelligence and high character of all its members : (i ) Fannie is the wife of Frank Hack- man, of Rohrerstown; (2) Lizzie is the wife of George Fry, of Manor township; (3) Hettie is the wife of James Entis, of Rohrerstown ; (4) Jacob mar- ried Anna Johnson, and lives in Strasburg township ; (5) Susan married Abraham Charles, of Manor township, and is deceased ; (6) Barbara is deceased ; (7) Annie is the wife of Benjamin Kreider, of Rohr- erstown ; (8) Benjamin married Mary Herr, and is deceased (his widow resides in Millersville) ; (9) John H. is mentioned below; (10) Emma married Harvey Miller, of East Hempfield township, and is deceased ; ( 1 1 ) George married Christie Witmer, and lives in Rohrerstown; (12) Frederick is deceased. The parents of this family were devout members of the Dunker Church. John H. Warfel was born Aug. 27, i860, and was reared in Conestoga and Manor townships, where he attended public school until he was sixteen years of age, at which time he started out for himself, being employed for a time at farm labor. In 1881 he began market gardening and fruit raising on the place where he is now located. His fruit culture is very interesting, his work covering such a wide range, being attended with such excellent results. He has extensive greenhouse facilities, and all his operations are thoroughly modern and up-to-date. Mr. Warfel was married, in February, 1880, to Miss .Sonora Peifer, daughter of Jacob and Cather- ine (Manning) Peifer, and to them has come one child, Oscar P., who is at home. They attend the Church of God, of which Mr. Warfel is a member. The 'familv are well regarded and much esteemed by those who know theni — their neighbors in the com- munity where they live. Mr. Warfel is a Republican. ISAAC DILLER EBY, prison inspector for Lancaster county and a general farmer of Salisbury township, is one of the leading men and much respected citizens of his locality. He was born on his present farm. May 14, 1863, son of Christian and Margaret (Diller) Eby, of Salisbury township. Christian Eby was brought by his parents to his son's present farm, at the age of eighteen months, and there made his home through life, his death oc- curring March 29, 1891, at the age of sixty-seven years, two months, twenty-seven days. He was buried in Hershey's Mennonite cemetery. His widow, born in 1829, still resides on the old home- stead. Their children were: Anna, who married Alfred Wanner, a farmer of Salisbury township; Amanda, who married Samuel Reeser, of Salisbury township ; Isaac D. ; and John N., who married Ida Reeser, and died at the age of twenty-eight years. Isaac Diller Eby was educated in the common schools of his locality, and has followed an agricul- tural life almost exclusively. He is well-known in his neighborhood as one of the solid, reliable men and intelligent and upright citizens, and has been some- what active in politics. His sympathies are with the Republican party. For the past two years Mr. Eby has been the, very capable prison inspector of Lancaster county, a position requiring an excellence of judgment and an eye to business details which few men possess to a greater degree that he. For •three years he served on the school board, and was ac- tive in effecting a number of desirable improvements in his district. On Oct. 14, 1886, in the Salisbury township Presbyterian parsonage, Mr. Eby was united in mar- riage to Miss Martha E. Worst, and' three children have been born to this union, namely : Chester W., Margie J. and Anna L. Mrs. Martha E. (Worst) Eby was born in SaHsbury township, July 25, 1865, daughter of Samuel and Anna (Kurtz) Worst, the former of whom is a retired farmer of Salisbury township. Mrs. Worst died Feb. 8, 1896, at the age of sixty-seven years, and was interred in the Pequea Presbyterian Church cemetery. Both par- ents were long connected with the Presbyterian Church and most highly esteemed in that religious body. Their children were : Mary, who married J. F. Seldomridge, proprietor of a hotel at White Horse, Pa. ; Ida, who married Milton Bair, of West Leacock township ; Amanda, who married Milton Hershey, of Leacock township ; Barbara ; Martha E. ; Susan ; Frederick ; and Laurel. These families and their connections represent some of the best and most substantial people of Lancaster county, citizens noted for intelligence, high moral character and social prominence. FRANK X. SCHLEGELMILCH, the popular assistant freight and ticket agent of the Pennsylvania Railway Company, at Watts Station, in East Donegal township, Lancaster county, was born at the Station Feb. 2, 1859. Frank Schlegelmilch, his father, was born in Baden, Germany, Jan. 28, 1828, and was a wagon- maker by trade. After a voyage of sixty-eight days on the ocean he landed in America, in 1846. He first located at Florin, then known as Springville, Lancaster Co., Pa., and in April, 1853, removed to Watts. He was married in Lebanon, Pa., to Miss Elizabeth Hartman, who was born in Berks county, Pa., Aug. 14, 1829. This union was graced with four children, viz. : Rebecca, Michael and Leo, deceased, and Frank X. The father continued active work at wagonmaking until T882, and then retired to enjoy in peace the competence his industry had won. The paternal grandfather of Frank X. Schlegelmilch, also named Frank, was a distiller, and lived and died in Germany ; the maternal grandfather, Michael Hartman, was born in Berks county, removed to 1118 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Lebanon county, and passed his life in agricultural pursuits. Frank X. Schlegelmilch at the age of thirteen years began learning his trade in his father's wagon shop, and continued at the business nine years. He next worked at the Vestra furnace for three months, and then, May 2, 1884, entered the employ of the Pennsylvania Railway Company, as assistant freight and ticket agent — a position he has since filled in the most satisfactory manner. Mr. Schlegelmilch was united in marriage,, in Philadelphia, with Miss Anna Cleary, and this union- has been blessed with three children, viz. : Frank X., Elizabeth M. and Anna R. Mrs. Anna (Cleary) Schlegelmilch is a native of Ireland, and is a daugh- ter of James and Eunice Cleary, the former of whom was a farmer by vocation. Both parents died in their native land, in the faith of the Catholic Church, leav- ing four children : William, who manages a hy- draulic crane; James, a machinist; Isabella, wife of Peter Gormley — all of Philadelphia ; and Anna, Mrs. Schlegelmilch. Frank X. Schlegelmilch is a Democrat, in poli- tics, and for three years was town councilnian of Marietta, in which borough he resided for nineteen consecutive years, then returning to his native town- ship, in 1898. In religion he is a devout Catholic, freely contributing to the support of his church and aiding it every way in its good work. He is attentive to his duties, and has won for himself the good-will and esteem of his neighbors and of the general pub- lic, both in Marietta and at Watts Station. JOHN D. HERR is one of the enterprising and progressive farmers of Lancaster county, as well as an extensive grower of tobacco. His farm is in Manor township, and his home is located about one mile east of Mountville. Mr. Herr was born in that township, on a farm once owned by his father. The old family residence is yet regarded as the "homestead," though now oc- cupied by Isaac M. Neff. The family removed to the present residence of John D. Herr when he was a boy of fourteen years. Like most boys of his day and generation Mr. Herr received his early educa- tional training in the common schools of his district. On attaining his majority he assumed the conduct of the farm, bringing to the discharge of this duty, experience, intelligence and fidelity. Through good judgment and hard, work he became ti^c owner of 150 acres in Manor township, which in 1894, for family reasons, he divided into two farms, reserving a portion for himself, which he devotes to tobacco culture. He began handling tobacco in 1887, in com- pany with George Derr, and the venture proved a success from the outset. The partnership continued for five years, when John H. Gamber bought the interest of Mr. Derr. The partnership between Messrs. Herr & Gamber lasted about two years, and since then Mr. Herr has conducted the business alone. He has a large, well-built warehouse stand- ing on his farm, where he stores and handles his stock. His business success has been pronounced, and has been due alike to his native capability and his recognized integrity. Mr. Herr also owns two farms in West Hempfield, their acreage aggregating 154 acres, and forty-five acres of woodland in Martic township, as well as property in Mountville. His farm buildings are among the finest in the county, and no one can drive through his land witnout re- ceiving the impression that the controlling spirit has its origin in conservative thrift, careful attention and farseeing perception. An illustration of his astute management may be readily given. In 1875 he erected a fine barn, which was destroyed by fire in 1897, but within two months it was rebuilt, on a better plan. Nor has he neglected his property in West Hempfield. Active, energetic and farseeing, he is ever on the alert to guard his interests. Genial and generous, he readily makes friends and easily retains them. A mati of broad public spirit, he com- m.ands the respect and confidence of his fellow towns- men. In 1887 he was one of the incorporators of the Mountville National Bank, and has ever since served on the directorate of that institution. In 1890 he was one of the organizers of the Mountville Manu- facturing Company, and is still a director of that corporation, in whose councils he has held the office of vice-president for many years. Mr. Herr was one of the organizers of the Mennonite Church in Mount- ville, and has always been one of the trustees. The present edifice was erected in 1897. The successful career of such a man affords at once a guaranty and a promise to the rising generation. On Nov. 13, 1873, Mr. Herr married Barbara G. Nissley, who was born July 7, 1855, daughter of John and Barbara Nissley, of Rapho township. Six children have blessed the union: Anna N., born Sept. 7, 1874, is the wife of Amos K. Musser, of West Hempfield. Barbara Ni, born Oct. 10, 1876, married Christian N. Nissley. Alice N., born Oct. 7, 1878, married John H. Herr, of Lancaster town- ship. Mary N. was born April 14, 1881 ; Sadie N., Feb. 16, 1883 ; Fannie N., May 13, 1891. The three younger children are at home. Mrs. Musser and Mrs. Nissley, the two eldest, are, like their father, consistent members of the Mennonite Church. AMOS B. HARNISH. The stamp of the twen- tieth century is upon farming operations as well as on the conduct of metropolitan life. The primitive plough, the heavy flail, the awkward scythe, have given place to machinery manipulated by steam ; the leanto shed and rail corncrib, to spacious barns and commodious outbuildings ; the fences no longer con- sist of split rails; and instead of. great swamps fields of waving grain bear evidence to the efficiency of the present drainage system. Among the progres- sive farmers of East Hempfield, Lancaster county, is Amos B. Harnish, who was born in West Hemp- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1119 field township, this county, Nov. 3, 1859, a son of Levi and Leath (Butt) Harnish. Abraham Harnish, the grandfatner of Amos B., was one of the successful farmers of Pequea town- ship, Lancaster county. His home farm was at Willowstreet, in that township, and in addition to that good-sized property, he owned several farms in the vicinity. He married Elizabeth Hoover. 'In religious belief he was a member of the Old Men- nonite Church. He lived to the age of seventy- five. Levi Harnish, the father of Amos B., died Feb. 12, 1902, at the advanced age of eighty-five, having been born Sept. 2, 1816, in Pequea township. Al- ways following farming, he located in West Hemp- field when about twenty-seven, and there remained until 1885, when he took up his residence in East Hempfield township. The home farm consisted of T 19 acres, which was conducted so successfully that he became a wealthy man, all through his own exer- tions. Late in life he connected himself with the Old Mennonite Church, of which he remained an honored member until his death. The faithful part- ner of his joys and sorrows passed away in 1891, at the age of sixtv-eight. They had a family of nine children: Benjamin, a farmer of East Hempfield township ; Abraham B., a farmer of East Hempfield township ; Maggie, wife of George Hellman, of West Hempfield township ; Lizzie, wife of Martin Witmer, of Manor township ; John B., a farmer of West Hempfield township ; Mary, wife of Henry Hatten- stein, of East Hempfield township ; Amos B. ; Leath, wife of Daniel Landis, of East Hempfield township ; and Barbara, wife of Benjamin Barr, of West Hemp- field township. Amos B. Harnish was reared upon his father's farm, receiving his education in the excellent schools of the district and during his entire life has followed the calling of a farmer, with the exception of three years, when he bought and packed tobacco. In 1894 he married Miss Elizabeth S. Spangler, daughter of Jacob Spangler, of West Hempfield, and after his marriage removed to Lancaster city, but within a year he returned to his farm in East Hempfield township. In 1895 he was called upon to take charge of his father's large property, and the following year pur- chased a tract of five acres in the vicinity. To him- self and wife have been born two bright little chil- dren: Rena, who was taken away when but ten months and twenty-seven days old, and Lloyd S., born June 3, 1897. Amos B. Harnish is one of the leading young Republicans of his township, and has served for three years upon the county Republican committee. When the Centerville Cemetery Association was incorpor- ated Amos B. Harnish was very active in the organi- zation and was selected as the man best fitted to fill the post of president, which position of trust he still holds. In all the relations of life he has proven him- self worthv of the highest esteem, and justifies the confidence his fellow citizens have placed in him. In religious matters both he and his wife are con- sistent members of the United Brethren Church, and prominent in its good works. EDWIN H. STAUFFER. Among the flourish- ing interests of Willowstreet, Lancaster county, is the mercantile business, and its most successful rep- resentative is Edwin H. Stauffer, one of the progres- sive and public-spirited men of the community. He bears a name that has long stood for business integ- rity in Lancaster county, and is a fit representative of an old and honored family. Grandfather Isaac Stauffer was reared in Lan- caster county, and spent his life there. Early in his business career he conducted a mercantile business m Pennville, \'\'here he lived until a short time prior 1.0 his death, when he removed to Lancaster city and opened up a coal business with his brother, Henry. His death occurred about a year later. His religious connection was with the German Reformed Church. His family consisted of seven children: William, Samuel, Albert, Delilah, Henry, Amanda, and one that died in early childhood. Henry Stauffer, son of Isaac, was born at Penn- ville in 1842, son of Isaac and Catherine (Erb) Stauffer. He was about eight years of age when his parents removed to Lancaster, and one year later his father died, and he went to Adamstown, where he learned the trade of harnessmaker, and remained there som.e three years. Going then to Reamstown and thence to Reading-, he spent three years at the lat- ter place, and then located at Churchtown, Pa., in which. village he conducted a business of his own for some three years more. He spent a short time in Ohio, but later returned to Lancaster county, locating first at Chestnut Level, where for eighteen years he was the best workman in the neighborhood. He then came to Willowstreet, and has since been firmly established in that village. In connection with harnessmaking, he also engages in trucking, and for three years was the Republican appointee for deputy coroner. In 1865 Henry Stauffer married Margie Houston, a daughter of William Houston, born in Williams- port, Pa., and three children came to this union: Edwin H., the principal merchant of Willowstreet; Carrie B. ; and John P., who is engaged with his father in harnessmaking. Edwin H. Stauffer was born in Wooster, Ohio, Sept. 14, 1869, a son of Henry and Margie (Hous- ton) Stauffer, esteemed residents .of Willowstreet. He was but eight months old when his parents moved to Lancaster county, and he was reared in Drumore township and educated in the public schools. At the age of seventeen he became a clerk with the firm of George A. Fripple & Co., of Safe Harbor, remaining two years as an employe in their general store, and then went into the butcher business with J. W. Roher, in Willowstreet, for five years. But his tastes lay 1120 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY in the direction of merchandising, and he embraced the opportunity oft'ered by A. L. Eshbach, and for one year was his eiificient clerk. In 1893 he succeeded to the business. At that time the stock was worth only $700, but he immediately increased it to more than $12,000 worth, and he has built up a trade second to none in Lancaster county out side of Lancaster city. Mr. Stauffer is possessed of keen business faculty, and his energy, combined with good judgment, and assisted by a pleasant personality and courteous manner, will insure his future success as he yearly extends his business. One much appreciated feature he has introduced, for the enjoyment of his coun- try trade, is that of dispensing ice cream, both whole- sale and retail, during the heated term. The line carried by Mr. Staufifer incbides almost all articles generally found in a first-class establishment of the kind, necessities and also luxuries, and for the past four seasons he has added farm machinery, for the convenience of his many country patrons. On May 10, 1894, Edwin H. Staufifer was mar- ried to Carrie M. Caddy, a daughter of John R. and Louisa Caddy, and one child, Mildred, has come to this imion. born in July, 1896. Socially Mr. Staufifer is a member of the K. of M. and the K. of G. E., in both of these organizations being deservedly popu- lar. A stanch Republican, he has since Aug. 22, 1894, been the efficient deputy postmaster at Willow- street. DANIEL S. FISHER, superintendent of the Chestnut Hill Ore Mine, in West Hempfield town- ship, Lancaster county, and a resident of Silver Spring, was born at Sarah Furnace, in Harford county, l^ld., March 12, 1857, son of Anthony W. and Catherine (Schetroupf) Fisher. The parents were natives of Chester county, Pa., and Germany, respectively, the father born Aug. 12, 1819, the mother on Feb. 25, 1828. They came to Lancaster county, Pa., locating in 1868, in New Providence township, whence they removed in 1890 to Drumore township. Anthony W. Fisher is a mechanical en- gineer by calling, but is now retired from active labor ; his last service for many years was with Christopher Geiger, in Lancaster city. He is a Re- publican in politics, and has served as county com- mitteeman. Mrs. Catherine Fisher is a devout mem- ber of the Lutheran Church. To the marriage of. Anthony W. and Catherine Fisher have been born seven children, in the following order: Anna M., wife of Peter Snyder, a farmer in Strasburg, Pa.; Josephine, wife of Harvey Smith, a mine superin- tendent living in Lancaster; Alford, a stationary engineer in New Providence township; Daniel S., whose name introduces this biographical memoir; Rebecca, married to Charles Wittick, a farmer at West Willow, this county ; Ida, now Mrs. John Potts, of Eden township ; and Clara, wife of David Potts, of Strasburg, this county. Daniel S. Fisher remained with his parents until twenty-one years old, and then began work on his own account. Pie had entered a mine at the age of thirteen years, and from that time on followed min- ing with the exception of five years passed on the railroad, as repairman. Mining continued to be his occupation in Lancaster county until 1892, when he came to West Hempfield township and entered the Chestnut Hill Ore Mine, to the superintendency of which he was promoted in 1896. On April 2, 1885, Daniel S. Fisher was united in marriage, in Quarryville, Lancaster county, to Miss Anna Potts, who has borne him nine children, in the following order: Eugene, Robert, Paul, Blanche, Lester, Helen, Carrie, y\nna and Daniel H., Jr. Mrs. Anna (Potts) Fisher was born in New Providence township Feb. 10, 1867, daughter of Frank and Sarah Potts, of Lancaster county, who now reside in New Providence township, where the father is engaged in carpenter work. Daniel S. Fisher has reached his present responsi- ble position through his personal merits, industry and devotion to his employers' interests. He began at the foot of the ladder and persistently ascended, rung by rung, until he reached the top, where he now stands, an honored and respected man and citi- zen. Fraternally he is a member of the I. O. O. F., and politically he is a Republican. JOSEPH B. WEAVER. Prominent among the excellent agriculturists of East Lampeter township is Joseph B. Weaver, a worthy representative of one of the old families of Lancaster county, who still occupies the farm which was the property of his grandfather, Joseph Weaver, this estate originally consisting of 260 acres, but now comprising only 125 acres. Joseph Weaver became a well-knowrt and in- fluential man in the township, and was the father of a large family, which, by marriage, has become connected with many of the other old and honorable county families. He was first married to Barbara Bear, and to this union were born : Isaac, father of Joseph B. ; Ephraim, who died unmarried, at the age of forty-five ; Jacob, whose death, at the age of sixteen, was due to an accident ; Annie, who became the wife of John Frantz ; Mary, who resides in Lan- caster ; Elizabeth, who became the wife of Christian Witmer, and had one son, John, who became a drug- gist in Philadelphia, and died at the age of twenty- nine ; and Susan, who resides with her sister Mary, in Lancaster. The mother of these children died March 5, 184c. The second marriage of Joseph VVeaver was to Esther (Stehman) Brubaker, widow of Samuel Brubaker, and to this union two daughters were born : Barbara, who is the wife of Amos Bow- man, of Lampeter Square; and Annie, who is the wife of John Kurtz, of Lancaster. All of the family were born on the old farm now owned by Joseph B. Weaver. Joseph Weaver was an upright man, a minister in the Reformed Mennonite Church, and BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1121 he and both his wives were interred in the Longe- necker burial ground. Isaac Weaver, the eldest son of Joseph, was born Sept. 20, 1820, on the farm now owned by his son, and died in 1887. His life was devoted to agricul- tural pursuits. He and his wife were members of the Reformed Mennonite Church, in which faith they reared their children. On Oct. 20, 1850, he married Catherine Barr, and the following named children were born to them : Mary A., wife of John F. Gir- vin, a farmer and miller of Leacock township ; Joseph B. ; Aaron, Benjamin F. and Milton L., far- mers of Manor township ; and Elizabeth F., who died March 27, 1897. Joseph B. Weaver was the eldest son of Isaac and Catherine (Barr) Weaver, and was born Oct. 2.3' 1853. His educational advantages were meager, but he has supplemented them with observation and reading, and is now regarded as one of the best-in- formed and most intelligent farmer-citizens of his locality. In 1876 Mr. Weaver married Lizzie Houser, a daughter of John and Lydia (Lefever) Houser (the former of whom, was a farmer), who were the par- ents of : Christian, deceased ; Jacob L., a farmer in West Lampeter township ; Kate, the wife of Abram •Bachman, a farmer of Lampeter; and Lizzie, Mrs. Weaver. The parents of Mrs. Weaver are buried in the Longenecker Meeting House cemetery. Five children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Weaver: Clara M., Harry M.. M. Roy, Ada L. and Anna M. As a successful farmer Mr. Weaver is known, throughout his township. In addition to attending to his agricultural interests he also operated a chop- ping and saw mill, although these were conducted more for his own convenience than for any other purpose. On April t, 1902, he purchased and took possession of the C. Musselraan property, at Witmer, consisting of a coal, lumber, hay and grain business, and a feed mill. He has also continued to improve, that property, adding a chopping mill. Mr. Weaver believes in modern methods and is a most progressive man. His improvements are of the latest descrip- tion, and his country home is fitted up with the con- veniences of a modern city residence, heated by steam, and water is conveyed to all parts of his build- ings by means of pipes. Mr. Weaver's religious connection is with the church in which he was reared, and in which his family has long been a leading sup- port. In the community, in all the relations of life, Joseph B. Weaver is considered a truly representa- tive citizen. HENRY H. SNAVELY is of German descent, both his parents. Christian and Elizabeth (Hartman) Snavelv, having been born in the Fatherland. They emigrated from Wurtemberg early _ in the present century, and were married in America. Both were poor, but they were industrious, and little by little, through thrift and good management, they accumu- 71 lated a competence. The father began life as a farm laborer, and at the time of his death, in 1871, he was the owner of three farms, well situated and well improved. His wife survived him for twenty-seven 3-ears, passing away in 1898. Mr. Suavely was a RepubHcan in his political creed, and both he and his wife were members of the Mennonite Church. Their marriage was blessed with seven children. The three eldest — Christian, Catherine and John — are deceased. Elizabeth is the wife of Samuel M. Nolt, of Oregon, Lancaster county. Tobias is a farmer, living near Lititz. Henry H. is the sixth in order of birth, and Moses, the youngest, is a farmer of Lititz. Mr. and Mrs. Snavely, with those of their children who have died, sleep in Landis Valley. Henry H. Snavely was born in Oregon, Lancaster county, Jan. i, 1859. His early life was passed much after the fashion of the sons of other farmers of the neighborhood. The common schools gave him the only education which he ever received apart from that obtained in the broad school of experience, but he was ambitious, active and enterprising, and at the age of twenty-one he began farming on his own ac- count. However, he found that life too quiet, and going to Rothsville Station he opened a coal and wood yard, at the same time acting as ticket agent for the Reading & Columbia railroad. From Roths- ville he went to Millway, where his duties and line of business were similar. There he remained for more than three years, thence coming to Lititz, where he embarked in the hotel business, in which he was em- inently successful, being well quahfied for the duties of a landlord by a genial temperament and an intui- tive knowledge of human nature. In 1888 he pur- chased the "Warwick Inn," which hostelry from 1890 until 1901 was under his personal management. He remodeled it throughout, providing accommoda- tion for one hundred guests. In the spring of 1901 Mr. Snavely retired from hotel-keeping in order to give his whole attention to his other lines of business, which have been constantly on the increase. In 1900 he commenced the erection of a comfortable modern dwelling in Lititz, the finest in the borough, where he took up his residence in 1901. For the past two years he has dealt heavily in cattle, shipping in stock cattle in the fall, and shipping out fat cattle. He also deals extensively in fancy horses. In the fall of 1901 he established a market in Lititz, where he has succeeded in establishing a lucrative patron- age. After coming to Lititz Mr. Snavely purchased the race track in the town, which he rechristened the Warwick Driving Park. This he conducted for five years, holding exhibitions for the trial of speed. In 1897 he opened the Warwick Sales Stables, where sales are held every alternate Saturday, and which have proved of no little advantage to the farmers in the surrounding county. Much against his own in- clinations he has found himself obliged to fill the role of auctioneer, and the urbanity and honesty with which he discharges this onerous task have 1122 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY added not a little to his established popularity. In 1899 he purchased the Lititz Camp Grounds, where annual camp gatherings are held, and his manage- ment of the same has thus far been extremely suc- cessful. Mr. Snavely is interested in all projects for the public good. Mr. Snavely was married, in 1880, to Miss Lizzie M., daughter of Jonas B. Nolt, and they have one child, Christian. Mr. Snavely is one of the most esteemed and honored citizens of Lititz, broad- minded, generous and public-spirited, and has made hosts of friends who admire him for his many ami- able traits and respect him for his unassailable in- tegrity. CHRISTIAN ESHLEMAN. Not only is the State of Pennsylvania pardonably proud of her po- sition in the sisterhood of States, and of the number and variety of her natural resources, but she claims superiority also on account of the class of citizens which forms her agricultural community. Among these the residents of Lancaster county take no ob- scure place, and one of the most flourishing of its communities may be found in West Lampeter town- ship. The Eshleman family well represents the farm- ing interests of West Lampeter, its members hav- ing been good citizens and industrious and worthy tillers of the soil of Lancaster county for genera- tions. Martin Eshleman, who was the head of the branch of this family now located in West Lampeter, was a native of Providence township, where he be- came not only a large landowner, but an influential man, both in the affairs of the township, and also in the Old Mennonite Church. He married Elizabeth GrofF, and to them came an estimable family of six stalwart sons and seven worthy daughters, who in- herited excellent traits from both parents, and be- came the progenitors of families of their own. These children were : John ; Martin ; Samuel ; David ; Jacob ; Abraham ; Ann, who married Adam Thomas ; Elizabeth, who married Jacob Herr, and moved to the West ; Maria, who married Martin Hoover and also moved West ; Fannie, who married Andrew Reese ; Susie, who married David Martin ; Katie, who married John Groff; and Barbara, who mar- ried Samuel Dieffenbach. The parents lived to a good old age, respected by all who knew them. Samuel Eshleman, son of Martin, was born in Providence township in 1770, and became a very capable miller, following that vocation in his home township. After his marriage he conducted the plant known as Strohm's mill, later moving to Hummels- town, in Dauphin county, where he conducted a successful milling business for some time. Desiring to retire from this industry, he then moved into Lan- caster county again, and purchased a farm in Stras- burg township, tipon which he remained the balance of his life, passing away at the age of seventy-three. When he could not work on the farm he kept busy teaming to both Wilmington and Philadelphia, as he was a most industrious man, energetic and frugal. Samuel Eshleman married Anna Martin, who was born in Strasburg township in 1772, daughter of Christian and Anna (Bear) Martin, and died in her eighty-third year. Her ancestors belonged to the oldest families in the State. Two children were born of this marriage : Jacob, who died in his torty-third year, the father of Christian; and Ann, who died March 16, 1902, aged ninety years, ten days. Both Samuel Eshleman and his wife were consistent mem- bers of the Reformed Mennonite Church. Christian Eshleman resides in West Lampeter township, between Lampeter Square and Big Springs, on a small farm which he cultivates himself, his large farm of 136 acres, located in Strasburg township, being occupied by his son. Mr. Eshleman was born in Strasburg township Aug. 10, 1834, a son of Jacob and Barbara (Miller) Eshleman, was reared on the home farm, and was a student in the public schools until the death of his father, at which time he was fifteen years old. Thus early de- prived of a father's care and advice, he assumed re- sponsibilities beyond his years, at the age of twenty- one taking entire charge of one of his father's large farms, in Strasburg township, where he followed farming for a number of years. Later he sold that place advantageously, and purchasing another farm in the same township, remained thereon for some years, the time he spent on both these farms aggregating twenty-eight years. In 1885. he pur- chased the farm upon which he now resides, con- taining but twelve acres, which is small enough to permit him to operate it comfortably without assist- ance. His line has been general farming, and he has proved himself a very efficient agriculturist. Christian Eshleman was married Nov. 13, 1856, to Mary Cassel, who was born in Montgomery county. Pa., and came to Lancaster county with her parents, Samuel H. and Barbara (Hansbery) Cas- sel, both of whom are deceased. Samuel H. Cassel was born in Montgomery county Oct. 15, 1795, son of John and Elizabeth Cassel, the former of whom died in 1841, the latter in 1838. They were the parents of three children : Abraham, born in 1783, was a farmer of Strasburg ; Maria, born in 1785, mar- ried Joseph Rittenhouse, a farmer of Montgomery county : and Samuel H. was the father of Mrs. Eshle- man. Samuel H. Cassel married Barbara Hansbery, of Montgomery county, and they had the following children: Martin, born in 1820,' a coachmaker, died at Witmer ; Elizabeth, born in 1821, died eleven years later ; Lydia, born in 1825, died at the age of sixty- four; John was born in 1826; Magdalena, born in 1828, died at the age of sixty-one; Samuel, born in 183 1, a coachmaker by trade, a resident of Lancaster, was for many years one of the efficient teachers of the county, and now supplies the market with produce; Mary, born April 29, 1833, is the wife of Christian Eshleman ; Aaron, born in 1835, is a coach- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1128 maker, residing in Witmer, Lancaster county; and Emanuel, born in 1837, is a truck farmer of West Lampeter township. When a young man Samuel H. Cassel, the father, learned the trade of cabinet- maker, and became a fine mechanic, but later in life he followed farming and labored faithfully as a min- ister in the Reformed Mennonite Church. His ad- vent into Lancaster county was in 1853, ^^d his min- isterial labors extended over both Lancaster and jVl^ontgomery counties. A large family was born to Christian and Mary Eshleman : Annie, born Aug. 12, 1857, died March q, 1881 ; Franklin, born Dec. 6, 1858, is a farmer of Chester county, and married Grace Hall ; Elizabeth, born Sept. 10, i860, married Benjamin F. Byers, a butcher, of West Lampeter; Samuel, born Jan. 17, T.862, is a farmer of West Lampeter, and married Emma Harnish ; Christian, born May 3, 1863, con- ducts a creamery at Shippensburg, Cumberland Co., Pa., and married Annie Albright, of Chester county; Mary, born Sept. 9, 1864, married Dr. A. J. Shartle, of Millersville, and died in 1889; Eletta was born Tune 4, 1866 ; Flam, born Oct. 28, 1868, for the past fifteen years has been one of the efficient teachers in the public schools of the county, having been thor- oughly educated in the State Normal School at Mil- lersville and in the C)hio Normal University, and also in Philadelphia (he married Mary Shaw, of Tioga county) : John, born March 18, 1870, died in August, of the same year : Barbara, born Feb. 21, 1872, died in 1890; Willis E., born April 13, 1877, is a butcher by trade, and follows that profession in this locality. Christian Eshleman and his wife have reared this large family to be worthy citizens, and in religious faith all are in harmony with the teachings of the Reformed Mennonite Church. They are among the most esteemed residents of West Lampeter township. KAUFFMaN. The earliest progenitor of the Kauffman family to settle in Lancaster county was Andrew Kauffman. He emigrated from Switzer- land during the first half of the eighteenth century and located on a tract of five hundred acres near what is now Central Manor, for which he had obtained a grant. A very considerable portion of this tract yet remains in the possession of his descendants, and ranks with the best farming land in the county. Andrew Kauflfman died about 1760. He was a Men- nonite, and his descendants have been reared in the same religious faith. He and his wife, Elizabeth, were the parents of six sons and gix daughters, viz. : ZVTichael; Andrew; Christian; John; Jacob; Isaac; Anna, wife of Alexander Stockslager; Elizabeth, wife of Christian Myer; Mary, wife of Christian Shenk ; Barbara, wife of Michael Shenk ; Magdalena, wife of John Correl ; and Verronica, wife of Jacob Witmer. Michael KauiTman, the eldest son of Amdrew, and the ancestor of the line we are tracing, passed his days at the paternal homestead. He married a Miss Immel, by whom he had seven sons who grew to maturity, Jacob, Abraham, Isaac, Andrew, Chris- tian, John and Benjamin. Jacob was a miller, and erected what is now known as the Landis mill; he died after attaining the age of eighty-eight years. Abraham removed from Pennsylvania to Maryland, taking up his residence in Baltimore, where he con- ducted a hotel ; he died in his eighty-ninth year. Isaac was a farmer of Manor township, and died in 1825, aged seventy-one years. Andrew, the fourth son, lived in Washington borough ; he was a scriv- ener, and. for many years held a commission as justice of the peace. Christian had his residence at the old homestead, and was for a half century an earnest and efficient minister of the Mennonite Church ; he died Feb. 11, 1849, after reaching the age of eightv-four. John studied medicine, and was for many years a successful practitioner at Mount- ville. Benjamin was a farmer ; he took a deep inter- est in public affairs, and commanded the respect of his fellow citizens to such an extent that they chose him to represent them in the Colonial Assembly ; he died at the age of forty-five years. Christian Kauffman, son of Michael, married Elizabeth, daughter of Isaac Kauffman. She was born Jan. 19, 1767, and died April 10, 1832. They had five children, and their eldest son, Benjamin, succeeded to the ownership and occupancy of the homestead, where he died in 1854, in his sixty-second year. Abraham, the second son, was a school teacher, and was held in high regard; for many years he filled the office of township assessor, and he died un- married, at the age of seventy-two. Isaac, the third in order of birth, was a farmer ; like all the members of the family, from one generation to another, he was a Mennonite, and was for many years a deacon in that denomination ; he passed away at the ripe old age of eighty-six. Elizabeth, the eldest daughter, married Henry Schopf, of Manor; she died at the age of "three score years and ten." Barbara, the second daughter and fifth child, became the wife of Jacob Newcomer. Benjamin Kauffman, the eldest son of Christian, was noted for his quiet, unassuming manners, and he seems to have been equally distinguished for a kindly and liberal disposition. He appears, however, to have viewed his "house" very much in the light of a "castle," and to have shut himself up therein after a rather exclusive fashion. He married Anna Myer, whose parents, Samuel and Barbara (Harnish) Myer, were well-known and sincerely respected resi- dents of Conestoga township. To Benjamin Kauff- man and his wife were born nine children who reached mature years. A brief mention of each may prove of interest. The eldest (i) Elizabeth, is the widow of Abraham Miller, of Manor township. (2) Leah (deceased) was the wife of George S. Mann, of Millersville. (3) Samuel is a farmer, owning and cultivating fifty-one acres of the original ancestral tract; he married Martha, daughter of Henry and 1124 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Anna (Hertzler) Mellinger, and is the father of three children, Annie M., Henry M. (mentioned below) and Lizzie M. The mother died in 1879, at the age of fortj'-eight. (4) Benjamin C. is mentioned below. (5) Christian, born in July, 1835, is a retired farmer, and lives at Letort. He is unmarried. (6) Reuben, who resides in the same place, was born in 1838. He married Esther Hershey, daughter of Joseph and Barbara Hostetter Hershey. (7) Anna did not marry. (8) Abraham M. died leaving a wife and one child. (9) Nathaniel died unmarried. Benjamin C. Kauffman was born Aug. 27, 1833, grew up on the old homestead, and was edu- cated in the common schools, the first "seat of learn- ing" which he attended being the "old log school house" in the school district in which he was born. He was a young man of twenty-two when his father died, in 1854. The management of the homestead at once devolved upon his sturdy young shoulders, and he met the grave responsibility with the same quick perception, the same practical common sense, and the same dauntless courage, with which he has encountered every vicissitude in his latter years. At that time the paternal estate consisted of 123 acres, which is now his property, and throXigh judi- cious purchase he has increased his holdings to 188 acres. This property he has improved and beauti- fied until it has become one of the most valuable and attractive places in Manor township. He has de- voted not a little attention to the propagation and raising of choice varieties of stock, and has been for many years an importer of fine breeds of Jerseys and other breeds of cattle. By this means he has done much toward improving the county's standard of cattle, thereby proving himself a public benefactor. For the last few years he has made a. specialty of this branch of farming, and has become a recog- nized authority on the breeding and raising of stock. He is thoroughly progressive in his ideas on all sub- jects, and keeps fully abreast of every advance made in his day and generation. His political creed is Democratic, and both he and his family are mem- bers of the Old Mennonite Church. On Jan. 20, 1862, Mr. Kauffman married Barbara? daughter of Jacob Hoover and Barbara Shenk. She was born in Lancaster township Aug. 23, 183 1. Mr. and Mrs. Kai,iffman had two daughters and one son, Annie, Ephraim H. and Amelia. The eldest married George W. Mann, of Manor township. Ephraim H., who married Mary Meek, Hves upon the old homestead. Amelia is immarried and lives at home. Henry M. Kauffman was born Sept. 21, 1862, and even from youth exhibited those rare gifts of intellect which have so largely contributed to his phenomenal success. Early in life he learned the trade of machinist, and readily qualified himself as an engineer. From early boyhood he exhibited a natural aptitude for mechanical pursuits, and while he is, in large measure, self-educated, he has over and again demonstrated his superior ability in his chosen profession; His early years were passed in farm work, and his first experience in engineering work was obtained in the management of a portable threshing machine. He still owns one of these, but his own energies are exercised in a higher and broader field. He erected his present plant. As a manufacturer of steam fittings for residences he met with success from the outset, and today he com- mands and controls the very best custom in his line. There is no branch of the work with which he is not familiar, and no detail in any department of his es- tablishment which does not fall under his own per- sonal supervision, from the signing of a contract to the turning of a screw. He employs no foreman whom he does not know to be thoroughly competent, jet over all is the guiding, directing, controlling hand of the master. Apart from his extensive dealings with owners of private dwelling houses he has done excellent work for manufacturing plants. His shop is conceded to be one of the best equipped in the country as regards its facilities for the repair of farm machinery, while he also handles engines, separators, stationary engines, and boilers. He is a Democrat in politics, and has been repeatedly nom- inated by his party for office. On Dec. 18, 1900, Mr. Kaufifman married Miss Mary F. Herr. ANDREW MELLINGER GARBER, of Sa- lunga, known to almost every man, woman and child in Lancaster county as the "Pillsbury flour man," comes from one of the oldest and most prominent families in that section of the State. His ancestors came to America from Switzerland, and his grand- father was a prominent farmer near Mountville, in West Hempfield township. Reuben Garber, his father, was a farmer and miller, living half a mile from Salunga, in West Hempfield township. He married Susan Mellinger, daughter of Christian Mellinger. a farmer of Manor township, and a repre- sentative of an old and influential family. Five chil- dren were born of this union, three of whom are liv- ing, namely : Reuben, who is a merchant ; Christian, a farmer near Mountville; and Andrew Mellinger. Andrew M. Garber was born on the old homestead at Silver Spring, Feb. 15, 185 1, and was educated in the public schools of the district. When seven- teen years old he left school and went to J\It. Union, Huntingdon county, where he secured employment at $13 a month, and paid .$15 a month board and $1 a month for his laundry. This state of afifairs con- tinued for one year, when young Garber, thinking- that he had had enough of this "deal," took charge of the establishment, continuing thus until 1867. He then took charge of his father's mill near Salunga, where he built up an extensive trade, and, in addition, became a wholesale dealer in Western grain and mill feed. But his enterprise did not end here, for he became the general selling agent for the Pillsbury flour, and it is in this connection that his name has become most familiar to our people. No man ever BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1125 worked harder, or more successfully, in building up a trade. The sales of Pillsbury flour have increased every year since Mr. Garber represented the goods in his community, and the business is now an im- mense one. Mr. Garber married Miss Minnie Herr, daughter of Daniel B. Herr, a retired resident of Rock Hill, and three children have been born of this union, one of whom died at the age of six months. The sur- vivors are Miss Anna L., who was educated at Dar- lington Seminary, West Chester ; and Andrew H., who was educated at Annville, the Millersville State Normal School, and the Pierce Business College, Philadelphia, and now assists his father in the busi- ness. Socially Mr. Garber belongs to the Odd Fel- lows and the Knights of the Golden Eagle, but he has little time for such matters, devoting himself constantly and ardently to his business. He has spared neither time, labor nor money to bring the Pillsbury flour before the public, and his handsome exhibits at county and State fairs have always been features of those gatherings. It is to his credit, as well as to that of the great floUr company which he represents, that he has invariably taken first premium wherever he has exhibited, for the "good taste which he displayed in arranging and presenting these goods. This fact, added to his pleasant per- sonality, has assisted him greatly in introducing and popularizing his goods among the citizens of Lan- caster county — a county that is noted for its own good flour, and where people are therefore competent to judge of the quality of the goods handled by Mr. Garber. JOHN B. MILLEYSACK, cigar manufacturer of Lancaster, and member of a family long repre- sented in America, was born in Lancaster in 1856, a son of Jacob and Mary (Milton) Milleysack, natives of Wabank, on the Conestoga, near Lancaster. His paternal grandfather, George Milleysack, was also a native of this county, was a lumberman by occu- pation, and served during the war of 1812. When a boy Jacob Milleysack came to Lancaster city with his parents, and in early life he was a contractor and builder. He later turned his atten- tion to the manufacture of tobacco cases for the gen- eral trade, but for the six years preceding his death, in i88t, at the age of seventy-two, he was retired from business activity. He served in the Civil war, and took an active part in politics. He worshipped in the Church of God. His wife died in 1881, at the age of sixty-nine, and is buried beside him in Lan- caster cemetery. They had the following children : Julia, deceased wife of Franklin Dollar ; EKzabeth, deceased wife of James Chilles ; George, a soldier in the rebellion, now deceased ; Rebecca, who died at the age of sixteen ; Augustus, who died in the Civil war ; Sarah, wife of John F. Sutter, a groceryman of Lancaster ; Samuel, a soldier during the Civil war, now living at Brilliant, Ohio ; Andrew, who was ac- cidentally killed when young ; Jacob, a soldier of the Civil war, now deceased; and John B. At the age of sixteen John B. Milleysack learned the cigar-making business, and in 1882 he started an independent business for himself. He has been very successful, and' owes his advancement solely to his own thrift and perseverance. In politics a Republican, he has been a school director for many years, and has taken an active interest in local political undertakings. Fraternally he is associated with the Masons, Knights of Malta, I. O. O. F., Artisans, A. O. M. P., and Jr. O. U. A. M. ; he has been treasurer of the latter for many years. In 1879 Mr. Milleysack married Mary J. Sheri- dan, a native of Lancaster, daughter of John and Catherine (Henry) Sheridan, of Lancaster. Mr. and Mrs. Milleysack are the parents of four chil- dren, Bertha I., Mary C, John B., Jr., and M. Alma. JOHN S. HPZLLER. Among the highly es- teemed and representative citizens of Lancaster county, one who for many years has successfully engaged in agricultural life in the same locality, is John S. Heller. John Heller, his grandfather, was a resident of East Lampeter township, where the father, Isaac D. Heller, was born, and where he died July 25, 1900, at the age of sixty-eight years. Isaac D. Heller married Barbara E. Stauffer, who, at her death, in 1863, aged twenty-seven years, left a family of three children : " Elizabeth, deceased, who married Amos Leaman ; Annie, who married David H. Kendig, of Reading, Pa. ; and John S. Isaac D. Heller married for his second wife Maria Landis, who died without issue, and he then married Mary R. Buckwalter, who bore him one child, Mary, who died in infancy. Mrs. Heller still survives. Isaac D. Pleller was a" farmer all his life, and was a most worthy citizen, taking a great interest in educational matters in his township and serving efficiently on the school hoard. A leading member of the Old Mennonite Church, his influence was ever in the di- rection of teijiperance and morality. Although no politician in the public acceptation of the term, he voted the Republican ticket, and took an active in- terest in the success of the party which in his opinion upheld the principles which promised best for the country. John S. Heller was born Oct. 9, 1861, in the old family homestead, and was educated in the public schools. He remained at home until he had attained his majority, assisting on the farm and being a com- fort to the declining years of his parents. In Novem- ber, 1882, he was married to Fannie H. Gamber, a daughter of John L. and Fannie D. (Herr) Gamber, who was born in Manor township, on the old Gamber homestead. For the eight succeeding years Mr. Heller and his family remained on the old home place, in the spring of 1891 removing to the present farm, in East Hempfield township, one mile west of the 1126 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY city of Lancaster, along the Columbia pike. It is a most desirable location, in one of the most fertile portions of the Keystone State. Upon this place ' Mr. Heller has expended time, energy and means, making it one of the best tracts of land in the locality. The place comprises eighty acres, upon which general farming is carried on, and the thorough cultivation and fine improvements make it very attractive; its proximity to the thriving city greatly enhances its value. To John S. Heller and his wife a family of six children has been born, namely: Mary G., Hettie G., John G., Fannie G., Amanda G. and Anna G. Mr. Heller was carefully reared in the faith of the Mennonite Church, which several of his family have also joined. like his lamented father, he is a stanch Republican, and is one of the most respected and substantial residents of the township. GEORGE M. ROBINSON. It is not unusual for a mechanic to become a leading member of his community, but there are also those who, through force of character, aided and improved by mechanical training, become indispensable factors in the progress and prosperity of the community itself and its per- petuation by their handiwork. To this class of use- ful citizens does George M. Robinson, the well-known blacksmith and carriagemaker at White Horse, Pa., belong. Mr. Robinson was born in Salisbury township, Lancaster county, March 4, 1850, being the third of the six. children born to the marriage of William and Rebecca (Adair) Robinson, namely : John H., born in Salisbury township, Jan. 8, 1847, ^ black- smith in Limeville, Pa. ; Sarah, wife of Joseph Hum- phrey, of Philadelphia; George M. ; Mary, wife of Christian Fox, of Parkesburg, Pa. ; William, a far- mer of Harristown, Pa. ; and Westley, a merchant now deceased. William Robinson, the father of this family, was also a native of Salisbury township, was a carpenter by trade, and died in March, 1876, when fifty-six years old, in the faith of the Methodist Episcopal Church ; his remains were interred in the cemetery of that congregation at Bellevue. The mother, who is likewise a native of SaHsbury town- ship, was born there Feb. 2, 1821, and now makes her home with her daughter, Mrs. Fox, in Parkes- burg. She is a daughter of John and Mary (Orr) Adair, the former of whom was lost in the war of 1812. At the age of nineteen years George I\I. Robinson entered the blacksmith shop of his brother John, in Salisbtiry township, where he served an apprentice- ship of three years ; he then worked as a journeyman one year, at the end of which time he started in on his own account, in a country district in the same township, and in 1880 came to White Horse. On Jan. 30, 1873, ^t Honey Brook, Chester county, George M. Robinson was joined in matri- monv with Miss Marv Groff, who was born in Ches- ter count V, daughter of Daniel and Rachel (Ed- wards) Groflf, and died July 3, 1898, at the age of forty-five years, the mother of seven children, narne- ly : Rebecca C, who died in infancy ; Mary R., wife of Benjamin Spence, a farmer in Salisbury township ;' Lavinia C, married to Reuben Althouse, a decorator, at White Horse; Lillian, wife of David Spence, of Paradise township ; and Ida M., Harry and Westley, at home. The remains of the beloved mother were interred in the Baptist Church cemetery in Salisbury township. On Dec. 25, 1900, Mr. Robinson mar- ried for his second wife, Emma J. Templin, who was born in Sadsbury township, Lancaster county. May 14, 1852, daughter of James and Sarah Templin. George M. Robinson is in politics a Republican, and, although he takes an active part in the manage- ment of local aflfairs and is well versed in the details of the movements of his party, he has iiever yet ac- cepted a public office, although he has frequently been solicited to accept nominations at various times, and for various positions, and has been instrumental on more than one occasion in securing the success of his party at the polls, being individually very popular. JOHN SMITPI. Among the prominent and representative citizens of Christiana was John Smith, who, after a long and successful agricultural life in Lancaster county, lived for a number of years before his death, April 18, 1902, retired. His birth, on June 8, 181 1, reaches back almost to the beginning of a century which has accomplished more for the world's progress than any of those which preceded it, and Mr. Smith saw some very wonderful changes in his life of more than ninety years. His parents were Jackson and Esther (Maxwell) Smith, and their residence was near Russellville, in Chester county, where they were prominent and highly respected farmers, leading members in social cir- cles and in the Presbyterian Church. They died in 1855 and 1859, respectively, and both were buried in the cemetery of the Manor Presbyterian Church, in Chester county. The family of children born to Jackson Smith and wife numbered eleven : William ; Robert; Joseph; Steward; John; Mary, who died single; Jackson, who died unmarried, a man of wealth; Martha, deceased wife of Isaac Moore; Abraham, who died wealthy, unmarried ; Caleb ; and Isabella, deceased wife of Jesse Smith. All .of the family passed away. It was not until after his marriage that John Smith became a resident of Lancaster county, having been reared to manhood on his father's estate, in Chester county. For two years succeeding his mar- riage, he operated a farm in East Larhpeter township ; moving then into Bart township, he lived for six years in White Hall, and lived one year at Eshleman's Mill. In 1855 he removed to Lancaster, and there engaged in the teaming business, making a specialty of the hauling of flour, and pursued this business for BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1127 nine years. The two succeeding years were passed on a farm at Nine Points, in Bart township, and after this Mr. Smith retired to his late home in Christiana, where he afterward Hved, surrounded by all the care and attention of a most devoted and capable daughter. In January, 1847, John Smith was married, in Mt. Pleasant, Pa., at the home of the bride, to Miss Barbara Trout. One daughter blessed this union, Miss Lettie, who remained her father's attentive and self-sacrificing companion. Mrs. Smith was born in Mt. Pleasant, Bart township, April i, 1812, and she died in the late home, on Oct. 8, 1886. She was a devoted member of the Mennonite Church, and she was laid to rest in the Longenecker Mennonite cemetery. Her parents, John and Mary (Free) Trout, were of Lancaster county, where the former was an undertaker, and both were consistent members of the New Mennonite Church. The children born to John and Mary Trout were: Barbara, who wedded John Smith ; Anna, who married Benjamin Hand, of Goldsboro, N. C ; Catherine, wife of John Bachman, of Mount Pleasant ; John, who died young ; Henry, retired, living in Mt. Pleasant ; George ; John, deceased ; Josiah, deceased ; Mary, deceased wife of Augustus Miller, of Lancaster ; Hannah and Susan, twins, both deceased, the former the wife of John Knighty, and the latter of George Heidlbaugh ; and .Abraham, deceased. John Smith for many years was one of the most industrious and energetic men of his time, always performing his duty in any situation in which he found himself. The infirmities of age made some in- roads upon a naturally robust constitution, but his eye to the last kindled and a welcome was extended to friends who crossed his hospitable threshold. In his very capable daughter, Miss Lettie Smith, he not only had a devoted child and companion, but a business manager of most excellent judgment and ability. Although Mr. Smith was reared in the Presbyterian Church, his mind leaned in the direc- tion of the New Mennonite Church, his beloved wife having been an exemplar of that quiet, peaceful and unostentatious sect. Mr. Smith was much esteemed in Christiana, and his death was greatly deplored. JOHN H. SCHENCK, a retired farmer in West Donegal township, is living on the farm where he was born, and which was purchased from William Penn by his great-grandfather, Mathias Blazer, nearly two hundred years ago. The remains of many of his descendants and of the progenitors of John H. Schenck are buried in a private cemetery on the farm. John H. Schenck was born March 3, 1821, a son of Jacob and Anna (Horst) Schenck. His father was born on the farm and his mother in West Donegal township, and both died on the farm from which Jacob Schenck never removed. He was born April 15, 1791, and died Aug. 15, 1855 ; his widow died in 1870, and both were buried on the farm. They were members of the Mennonite Church, and had the fol- lowing children: John H., whose name appears above; Joseph, who died when thirteen years old; Jacob, who died when forty-eight years old; Eliza- beth, deceased in infancy; and Abraham, who was killed by a tree limb falling on him. Joseph and Barbara (Blazer) Schenck, the pa- ternal grandparents of John H., spent their Hves on the Schenck homestead. John Schenck, the father of Joseph, came from Switzerland. Jacob Schenck had the following brothers and sisters : John, who was born in 1781, married Bar- bara Reitzel; Barbara, born in 1783, died single at the age of twenty-one years; Mathias, born in 1786, lived to be eighty-three years old, and died unmar- ried; Joseph, born in 1780. died when young; E])hraim, born in 1794, died unmarried at the age of forty-eight; and Elizabeth, born in 1796, married Jacob Eshleman, and died at the age of seventy- seven years. The maternal grandparents of John H. Schenck were Jacob and Elizabeth (Longenecker) Horst, born in Conoy and West Donegal townships respectively, both ending their days in the last-named community. John Horst, the father of Jacob, came from Switzer- land ; he had the following children : Jacob, Joseph, John, Martin, Miche, Susan, Barbara and Elizabeth. John H. Schenck was married March 10, 1845, in Elizabethtown, to Mary Kauffman, by whom he became the father of the following children : Jona- than K., who married Amanda Stacks, and is living at home with his father, following the carpenter trade during the season ; Jacob K., who married Mary Ann Ebersole, and lives on a farm in West Donegal township ; Christian K., a farmer in West Donegal township, who married Elizabeth Oberholtzer ; Eliza- beth K., who became the wife of John L. Witmer, a farmer in West Donegal township, and had two chil- dren, both of whom are deceased; and Mary K., who died when but a year and one month old. Mrs. Mary Schenck was born in West Donegal township, May 19, 1822, a daughter of Christian and Elizabeth (Good) Kauffman, both born in West Donegal township, and reared to a farming life. The father died in 1871, at the age of eighty-one years; and the mother passed away at the age of seventy-seven years. They were members of the Mennonite Church. Three children were born to them: Mary; Anna, who died young; and Eliza- beth, widow of Martin Breneman, who has her home in Mt. Joy borough. John Kauffman, her paternal grandfather, lived in Lancaster county. Mr. and Mrs. Schenck have spent their married life on the farm where he is found today. They have been industrious, careful, and thrifty, and sus- tain a deservedly high reputation at home and abroad. Mr. Schenck has filled from time to time local posi- tions of considerable importance; for nine years he was supervisor, and for three years has been assistant 1128 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY assessor. He is a Republican, and has been judge and inspector of elections. Both husband arid wife are members of the Mennonite Church. Mr. Schenck has a commanding physique, being over six feet in height, and 200 pounds in weight, and he is quick and active for his years. JOHN S. STEHMAN, who for many years has ranked as one of the leading agriculturists and pro- jfressive men of Lancaster county, has resided on a finely cultivated and improved farm located three miles northwest of Petersburg. This land was orig- inally brought into the family by his grandfather, John Stehman, who purchased it, and then erected the building which is still used as a residence, its stanch timbers and fine workmanship bearing well the strain of wind and weather for more than a hun- dred years. This residence has been remodeled and converted into one of the most comfortable and at- tractive of modern dwellings ; the days in which it was built were not those of cheap and shiftless labor or of inferior material. The other fine modern buildings which mark this estate as belonging to a capable, careful and successful farmer were all erect- ed bv John S. Stehman, the commodious and well appointed barn being built in 1892. Nothing so truly indicates thrift and prosperity as do the improvements on a farm, an^ in this direction Mr. Stehman has displayed both taste and utility. His beautiful farm land has also been placed under such cultivation that it has been generally conceded to be one of the finest in the rich county of Lancaster. Grandfather Stehman was a farmer all his life, but only reached the age of forty years. He married a lady named Airhart. and to them were born five children, two sons — John and Henry — and three daughters, none of whom survive. John Stehman, father of John S., was born on the farm May 4, 1810, and made his home there throughout lil'e, following agriculture, living quietly, and leaving behind him the record of a good citizen. He married Fannie Suavely, who was born Jan. 23, 1823, a daughter of John Suavely, and died April 10, '1895. She was the mother of three children: Jacob S", of Mt. Joy ; John S. ; and Mary Ann, now deceased, the wife of Abraham Sumniy. The parents were both consistent members of the Old Mennonite Church, where for many years their places were never vacant. John S. Stehman was born Aug. 11, 1848, on the old farm, and was educated in the locality, attendmg the public schools. He engaged in farming for his father until he was twenty-two years old, at which time he continued the conduct of the place alone, taking the responsibility on himself, and in 1890 be- came the owner by purchase. He is known through- out the vicinity as one of the most capable and suc- cessful farmer's of the county, as well as one of its most prosperous and substantial citizens. Aside from the old homestead, he became the owner of several other very valuable pieces of property, one of these being a tract of six acres, adjoining the homestead, which contains a complete set of buildings, but which he sold in 1901. In 1900 he purchased the Martin Peifer farm, which contains loi acres of finely im- proved land, and remodeled the barn and house, and liis son Flam now cultivates this place. In 1902 Mr. Stehman built himself a home in East Petersburg, equipped with all the latest conveniences, and situated in a very pretty part of the town, where he intends to pass the remainder of his days. Mr. Stehman was married Oct. .25, 1873, to Annie B. Nissley, daughter of Christian Nissley, of West Hempfield township, and they have become the par- ents of five children: (i) Emma died at the age of two years. (2) Elam was married Oct. 18, 1900, to Birdie May Garber, daughter of Reuben Garber, and they are the parents of one daughter, Maybeth. (3) John and (4) Anna were twins; the latter died at the age of eight years. ("5) Fannie is at home. Mr. Stehman is justly considered one of the influ- ential men of his township, his influence being always in the direction of improvement, and he is ever in favor of measures which he considers for the public good. Both he and his most estimable wife are con- sistent members of the Old Mennonite Church and faithfully follow its teachings in their lives. ABRAH.\M ESBENSHADE, for many years one of the leading farmers of Lancaster county, who, after a long life of industry, now lives in the enjoy- ment of former labor, was born and reared in East Lampeter township. His birth was on Oct. i, 1827, and he was a son of Henry and Catherine Esben- shade, of Lancaster county. Henry Esbenshade was a son of Peter Esben- shade, who located in Lancaster county at an early day. He was born in Germany, and he married in this country and .spent a long and useful life as a far- mer. The four children born to Peter Esbeilshade were: Henry, who was born in 1803 and died in 1878 ; Jacob ; David and Joseph. Henry Esbenshade, who was the father .of Abra- ham Esbenshade, married Catherine Bowman, who was born in 1803, and died in 1895. They reared a familv of seven children, one child dying in infancy : Martha, deceased; Abraham; Mary Ann, wife of Ephraim Buckwalter, of Paradise township; Kate, wife of Jacob Bochman, deceased ; Joseph, of Cali- fornia ; and Benjamin and Elizabeth, twins, residents of Lancaster county, all of these being among the most reliable and substantial people of this part of the State. For twenty-five years Henry Esbenshade followed the trade of miller, but his last years were spent in agricultural pursuits. Abraham Esbenshade grew up on the farm and attended the public schools. When he started out for himself, he possessed limited means, but he was filled with determination to succeed, and very soon his energy and industry brought results. As j'ears BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1129 •passed A/[r. Esbenshade continued to- accumulate means, and he is now the owner of one of the most vakiable estates in the township. This consists of 170 acres of well-cultivated land which Mr. Esben- shade operated for many years, retiring of late years from activity, and leaving the work to younger hands. The marriage of Mr. Esbenshade was in October, 1852, to Miss Mary Ann Buckwalter, of Leacock township, a daughter of Henry and Susan Buck- waiter. To this marijiage were born ten children: Annie, the wife of August Winters, of East Drumore township : Catherine, the wife of Walter Chester, a merchant of Camden, N. J. ; Henrv, a resident also of Camden, N. J. ; EHzabeth, of Camden, N. J. ; Mary S., of Colerain township ; Emma F., the wife of Charles Winters, of Colerain township ; Sarah J., of Camden, N. J . ; and Henrietta, at home. The others died in infancy. Mr. Esbenshade is an ardent Republican in polit- ical beHef, and is a leading member of the Methodist Church. For eleven years he served his township as school director, and has always taken an interest in all matters pertaining to education. CAPT. HENRY RANSING (deceased) was a son of George Hiram Ransing, who died in Holland, and whose widow came to the United States when tienry was a lad of two years of age. She became the owner of the land between East Orange, Plum, Marion and Center streets, and this land she sold lit- tle by little as the march of improvement took its course in that direction. Henry Ransing was educated in the Lancaster public schools, and at the age of thirteen years en- tered a cotton mill, where he worked until the break- ing out of the Rebellion. At that time he enlisted as a private in Co. G, 79th P. V. I., and at the end of his first term of enlistment, he re-enlisted for the war. He rose rapidly and presently attained the rank of captain. When the company came back in which he first enlisted, he was its captain, though only nine of the original members survived the dangers of war. He was in twenty-seven battles and eighteen skirm- ishes in the Western Army, but was never wounded, though at the battle of Bentonville his clothing was perforated by sixteen bullets. After the war Capt. Ransing was presented by the members of his com- pany with a magnificent sword, sash, belt and epau- lets, the sword bearing, this inscription : "Presented to Capt. Ransing by the members of Company G, 79th regiment of Pennsylvania Veteran A^olunteer tnfantrv, as a token of respect and friendship ; and for the galiantrv displayed in all the battles in which he participated?' Capt. Ransing was a member of the Com.mittee on the Monument to the memory of the men of the 7gth P. V. L, who fell at Chicka- mauga. The war ended, Capt. Ransing became an over- seer in the Lancaster Fulton Cotton Mills, where he remained until the factory was partially destroyed by the explosion of the boiler. After this he gave up his position in the mill, on account of the objection of his wife to his being in what she regarded as a dangerous place, though he was in the line of promo- tion to the superintendency. Capt. Ransing engaged in business, opening a small grocery, which soon as- sumed large proportions under his close and careful management, soon necessitating the construction of the fine brick building on East Orange street, where for ten years a successful business was carried on. At the end of that time this building and business was converted into a hotel, for which he secured a license, and established the "East End Hotel." After a prolonged absence from the hotel, and a residence in another part of the city, Capt. Ransing finally re- turned to it, where he died May 19, 1900, deeply re- gretted far and wide. The following poem was pub- lished in the New Era, shortly after his death : In Memory of a Gallant Soldier. We mourn, but we comfort feel, When of our friend we're thinking, That when on him Death pressed the seal He died brave and unshrinking. He feared not death: Why should he fear? He who with musket's rattle And shot and shell and wildest cheer Feared not the bloody battle! No mocking yell bis- .'joul could quell; He fought to save the Union; Stood like a rock while others fell, Stood firm against disunion. He rose from private rank to lead The gallant volunteers, He rose from merit and with speed. Rose with his comrade's cheers. They honored him by act and word. And to attest their feeling. They gave to him a handsome sword. Their deep love thus revealing. The war was o'er. His sword was sheathed. hnA doing good to others. No gentler, kindlier heart e'er breathed, Beloved by all his brothers. For all the world to his kind heart, Were just like sisters, brothers; He never failed to do his part. In lending help to others. His soul's at rest ; his battle's done. He's done with care and striving; He left a light like noonday sun To comfort the surviving. To danger be was first to go. None quicker in advancing. No braver man e'er met a foe, Than gallant Captain Ransing. Capt. Ransing was married in 1866, to Rose Roth, who survives him, as does his only son, Henry Edward. The latter was born Sept. 16, 1877, and 1130 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY after securing a partial education in St. Anthony's parochial school, finished his education in Franklin and Marshall College, but was compelled to leave school before graduation that he might assist his father, who became seriously ill three years before his death. Henry E. Ransing has since succeeded to the hotel business. He was married Sept. 20, 1900. Capt. Ransing was a devout Catholic, having taken his first communion at old St. Mary's Church when twelve years old. In his later years he was as- sociated with St. Anthony's Church. He was the founder of St. Michael's Catholic Benevolent So- ciety, and was chief marshal of the great parades that attended the laying of the corner stone of St. Anthony's Church, at the dedication of St. Anthony's Institute, and at other notable Catholic occasions in this city, besides leading his society frequently to other cities to participate in prominent events. Few men indeed were better known in Lancaster than Capt. Henry Ransing, and none more esteemed. ABRAHAM METZLER is one of the old and highly respected citizens of Lancaster county, and has his home in Paradise township. He was born near Morgantown, March 24, 1822, a son of Christian and Nancy (Werner) Metzler. Valentine Metzler, the great-grandfather of Abraham, and the founder of the family in Lancas- ter county, was born in .Switzerland, Feb. 14, 1726, and came to this country in his early manhood. In Lancaster county, where he made his home, he was married Nov. 19, 1749, to Anna Wissler, who was born in the county Dec. 9, 1727, and died March 29, 1793, surviving her husband, who died July 24, 1783. The home was on a farm several miles north of the city of Lancaster, and there they reared the following children : Abraham, Jacob, John, Anna, Henry, Christian, Martin and Elizabeth. Abraham Metzler, noted above, was the grand- father of oLir subject. He was a farmer living a mile south of Morgantown. All the family have been members of the Mennonite Church. Christian Metzler, son of Abraham and father of Abraliam Metzler, whose name introduces this arti- cle, was born March 6, 1791, and died Jan. 7, 1878. His wife, Nancy Werner, was born in 1790, and died Jan. I, 1867. They had the following family : David; Abraham, who married Susan Eby ; Magdalena, who became the wife of Christian Hershey; Elizabeth, who married Joseph Brackbill ; Susanna ; and Anna, who died unmarried. Mr. Metzler was a man _ of high character and unblemished reputation, standing well among the leading people of the county, and giving the influence of his life to the uplifting of the community. Abraham Metzler was born in Conestoga town- ship, and accompanied his parents when nine years old to the farm in Paradise township, where he is fotmd at the present time. Farming was his life work, and he retired about 1878. During the course of his long but uneventful life he has done much to help the community to a higher state, and has exerted a good influence by his quiet life and daily industry. His farm comprises 113 acres, and today he bears himself with remarkable vitality and vigor for a man eighty years of age. All his life he has been associ- ated with the Mennonite Church. J(!)HN RODKEY is an honored representative of one of the German families which settled in Lan- caster county about a half century ago, for he has reached an enviable position as a business man, and politically has become proininent through the fran- chises of his fellow citizens. In 1900 he was elected supervisor of West Hompfield township, where he has had his lifelong residence. Christian and Eva (Resch) Rodkey, his parents, were both natives of Germany. Christian Rodkey was in early life a shoemaker, and in 1853, when about thirty years of age, he migrated to America, coming directly to Lancaster county and settling in West Hempfield township. Soon after his arrival he married Eva Resch, whose father, John Resch, had emigrated from Germany to Lancaster county in 1852. In Lancaster county Christian Rodkey fol- lowed farming in connection with his trade of shoe- maker. He died in T864, aged forty-one years, and his wife died in 1878, aged fifty-two. They are buried at Columbia. Both were devout members of the German Lutheran Church. Six children were born to Christian and Eva Rodkey, namely: John, whose sketch appears herewith ; Lizzie, wife of Abraham Shenck, a farmer of Manor township ; Mary, wife of Harry Lindeman, of Lancaster; Anna, wife of William Merritt, of Philadelphia; George, deceased ; and Rosa, wife of Albert LoUer, of I^ancaster. John Rodkey, the eldest child,, was born in West Hempfield township Feb. 10, 1854. He remained on the home farm carried on by his father until he was about twenty-four years old. On Jan. 27, 1877, at Columbia, he married Miss Mary Frey, a native of West Hempfield township, daughter of Peter and •Eleanora Frey, farming people of that township. Six children came to this union, as follows : Christian, a farmer of West Hempfield township ; Laura, wife of Edward Moore, a lace weaver of Philadelphia; John, a lace weaver, living at the old homestead; Fred, at home; May, at home; and Anna M., de- ceased. The wife and mother died in 1891, aged thirty-two years, and for his second wife John Rod- key married, Oct. 11, 1893, at Columbia, Mrs. Amelia (Ulmer) Hinkle, a native of that city, and the widow of Charles H. Hinkle. She is the daughter of Joseph and Mary Gertrude (Hineland) Ulmer, who were married in Wittenberg, Germany, their native land, in 1837, and six years later emigrated with their family to America. Their destination was Ohio. Traveling westward by water, the boat stopped at BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1131 Cokimbia over Sunday. There by chance they met a sister of the wife, and were persuaded by her to . remain at Columbia. Joseph Ulmer was a shoemaker by trade. After his settlement in Columbia he built and operated the old "Wagner Hotel." It was de- stroyed by fire, but was rebuilt by Mr. Ulmer, who managed it in all about fourteen years, retiring from the hotel business in 1866, and resuming his old trade of shoemaker. He died at Columbia in 1894, a^ed eighty-five years. His wife died in 1884, aged sev- enty-two years. They were earnest, faithful members of the Lutheran Church. A large family blessed the union of Joseph and Mary Gertrude Ulmer, namely : Lizzie, wife of George Cowden, of Pittsburg ; Fred, deceased; Mary, who married George Newberry, of Philadelphia; Margaret, deceased; Joseph, de- ceased ; Henry, deceased ; Amelia, wife of John Rod- key; Martha, deceased; George, a railroad man of Columbia : Joseph T., deceased ; Charles, of Colum- bia; and Laura, deceased. In 1867 Amelia Ulmer married Charles H. Hinkle, and to them were born five children, James B., Lizzie C, Lotta, Clara and Mary. After his first marriage John Rodkey rented a farm in West Hempfield township for three years, at the end of that time moving to Columbia and oper- ating the "Farmer's Hotel," known now as the "Ho- tel Columbia." He then purchased his parents' farm of fourteen acres, which he has brought to a high stage of cultivation. Besides engaging in gen- eral farming he is quite an extensive grower of to- bacco. He has been eminently successful, and ranks as one of the leading citizens of West Hempfield township. In religious faith Mr. Rodkey is a member of the Lutheran Church. He is prominent in fra- ternal orders as a member of the Red Men and of the Artisans. In politics he is a stanch Democrat, and he was elected township supervisor in 1900 by a large majority. EMANUEL M. RESH, a citizen of Leacock township, Lancaster county, has his home farm on a part of the old homestead where he was born Oct. 31, 1851, son of Christian E., and Susanna (Landis) Resh. Reared on the old home place, he attended the local schools and Millersville Normal School, and when he became a young man was married to Miss Anna Landis, an estimable young lady of Lancaster county. This union has been blessed with two daughters, Mabel, born May 6, 1884; and Mary Elizabeth, born Jan. 26, 1888. Mrs. Anna (Landis) Resh was born in West Lampeter township, Lancaster county, Oct. 28, 1855, daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Kireider) Landis. DAVID D. WEAVER, one of the up-to-date and enterprising citizens of East Hempfield township, whose home is a half mile west of Petersburg, was born in Manheim township April 26, 1849, son of David and Annie (Denlinger) Weaver, and descends from a family long established in Lampeter town- ship. The father died in 1887, at the age of seventy- four years, and the mother passed away in March, 1883, at the age of sixty-four years. In early life David Weaver was a carpenter, but at his marriage became a farmer, and owned several places in dif- ferent parts of rhe county. He had a family of nine children, four of whom lived to attain maturity : ( i ) Jacob died in the spripg of 1901 ; he was a truck farmer, and resided on Columbia avenue, Lancaster. (2) David D. is mentioned below. (3) Benjamin is a truck farmer in East Hempfield township. (4) Annie is the wife of Christ. Shenck, of East Lam- peter township. Mr. and Mrs. Weaver were asso- ciated with the Reformed Mennonite Church. David D. Weaver was born in Manheim township, two miles north of Lancaster, was reared on the farm, and was educated in the public school. At twenty- nine he married, and following his marriage engaged in trucking on a farm in Manheim township. Pres- ently he rented a larger tract, and engaged in general farming for some six years. In 1886 he located on the farm where he has since made his home, which comprises fifteen acres, and is devoted to kitchen gardening and fruit growing. In his management of this place he shows that he has made a study of the proper methods of farming, and is progressive and public-spirited to a very unusual degree. Mr. Weaver was married, Dec. 12, 1878, to Miss Rachel Bair, a daughter of Adam and Martha (Mc- Elree) Bair; she is a native of Lancaster, but was reared in West Hempfield township. Mr. and Mrs. Weaver are the parents of three children, Martha Ann, Alice May, and Viola B. They are members of the Reformed Mennonite Church, and move among the better people of the town. WILLIAM H. ECKMAN, who has for many years been prosperously engaged in contracting and building in his section of Lancaster county, bears a name that has long been respected there. He is a grandson of Henry Eckman, who was born in the county, and passed all his days here. He was a plow- maker by trade, and was engaged in the iron business quite extensively, also in the mercantile business. Henry Elckman married Miss Hannah Shirtz, and they were the parents of six children: Hannah, Elizabeth and Catherine, all of whom died unmar- ried ; Mary, wife of Michael Market, of St. Mary's, Pa. ; Christian, father of William H. ; and Amos, who is deceased. Christian Eckman was born about 1823 in Para- dise township, where he yet resides. He learned the carpenter's trade in early life, and followed it until obliged to retire on account of age, meeting with substantial siiccess. He married Miss Sarah Powers, of Paradise township, and to them were born eight children, one of whom died in infancy: Amanda died at the age of nineteen years ; Sarah became the wife of Franklin Slaymaker ; Catherine married Will- 1132 13I0GRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY iam Sharp; Emma J- married William Proudfoot; William H. is mentioned below; Mabon F. is a resi- dent of Paradise township; George W. lives in East Lampeter township. William H. Eckman was born in Paradise town- ship Nov. 12, 1846, and lived at home until he was twenty-two years of age. His education was ac- quired in the common schools, and he learned the carpenter's trade with Jacob Hidlebaugh. He com- menced work on his own account as journeyman for George Miller and Amos Fralick, continuing thus about eleven years, after which he started in business for himself, contracting and building in East Lam- peter township. Mr. Eckman has continued to fol-, low his chosen calhng up to the present time. He erected the second creamery that was started in Lancaster county, for Bowman & Maver, and many substantial structures in the region testify to his ac- tivity and efficiency as a builder. In politics he is a stanch Republican, and at present holds the office of school director. On Feb. 6, 1868, Mr. Eckman wedded Miss Catherine. Proudfoot, who was born April 16, 1842, and this union has been blessed with six children, as follows: Alice N., born Dec. 11, 1868, died Feb. 16, 1869 ; Myiin E., born Dec. 1 1, 1869, is a carpenter of Lancaster city; Aldis M., born March 29, 1874, died Dec. 17, 1875; Minnie M., born Dec. 28, 1876, is the wife of Lyman Strickler, of Paoli, .Chester county; Barton F., born Jan. 26, 1878, residing in East Lampeter, is telegraph operator for the Penn- sylvania Railway Company; Anson W., born Jan. 17, 1881, is a carpenter of East Lampeter township. l\Ir. and Mrs. Eckman are both members of the M. E. Church, in which he is steward and member of the board of trustees. LEWIS WOOD. The Wood family of Pennsyl- vania traces an ancestry to Thomas Wood, who was born in Lancashire, England, and came to America in early Colonial days, buying land of William Penn, near Philadelphia. His children were: William, Joseph and Richmonday, the last named being born on the passage to the new. home. Thomas Wood was a leading member of the Quaker sect, and in his native land had belonged to a family of prom- inence, his brother, William Wood, being a member of the British Parliament. Since those early days, members of the Wood family have been among the most law-abiding and peaceful, and also loyal, citi- zens of this great country, representatives of it be- ing now distinguished in many States. Joseph Wood, son of Thomas, married Catherine Dav, Jan. 12, 1769, and their children were : Thomas, loseph, Jesse, Lvdia, Elizabeth, David, John and bay. Jesse Wood, son of Joseph Wood, was the grand- father of Lewis Wood, of this sketch. By his first marriage he had two sons, John and Day, and by ■his second marriage, had one son, James, who became the father of Lewis. Grandfather Wood was a suc- cessful farmer and an honorable and upright citizen. James Wood was during life one of the leading citizens of southern Lancaster county. For many years he was the president of the Farmers' National Bank, of Oxford, Pa., and as one of the leading mern- bers of the Republican party, he served most effici- ently in various township and county offices, being countv commissioner at one period. In his domestic life he was one of the kindest and most considerate of men, and closely followed the simple teachings of the Society of Friends. James Wood was born July 17, 1821, and his death occurred Aug. 9, 1894. In j'845, he was united in marriage to Mercy M. Carter, who was born on Nov. 29, 1822, and who still sur- vives in Britain township. This marriage was blessed with eight children: Alfred, who lives in Fulton township, and whose sketch appears else- where; Susan, wife of Elwood Townsend, whose sketch also appears elsewhere ; Jesse, a resident of this township, mentioned elsewhere ; Mary, deceased wife of Davis E. Allen; Lucretia, wife of John W. Smedley, a retired farmer of Oxford; Lewis, subject of this biography ; James ; and Ida, who died unmar- ried. Lewis Wood, of Kirks Mills, Little Britain township, was born Jan. 27, 1854, and was reared to agricultural pursuits. His education was obtained both in the common and the select schools of his locality, and he was thus well prepared to become the progressive and intelligent farmer that he is. His farrn comprises 204 acres of very valuable land, upon which he has placed good improvements. On Jan. 25, 1893, Lewis Wood was married to Luella King, who was born in Fulton township July 22, 1857, a daughter of Thomas P. and Phebe (Pres- ton) King, and was one in a family of four children, the others being : Elmira, who is the wife of Alfred Wood, of whom a sketch is given in another part of this volume ; Luretta, deceased wife of Samuel Kirk, of Fulton township ; and William P., who is a farmer of Fulton township. The children born to Lewis and Luella Wood are : Ida P., born May 12, 1894; and Edith A., born Dec. 19, 1896. In politics Lewis Wood is a stanch sup- porter of the Republican party. Like his ancestors for many generations, he is a consistent member of the Society of Friends. Both he and wife are among the most highly esteemed residents of Little Britain township. GEORGE L. CASSEL, M. D., the youngest son of A. N. Cassel, was born in Marietta, April 30, j86i, and his literary education was obtained in the public schools of that place and at York Collegiate Institute. In 1881 he entered the University of Pennsylvania, where he was graduated with the de- gree of M. D. in 1884, but the following two years he devoted to the lumber business in Marietta. Re- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY. 1183 turning to Philadelphia in 1889, he entered St. Agnes Hospital as interne, and was connected with that institution thirteen months, after which he entered the Union Mission Hospital as a member of the staff, as assistant surgeon of the eye clinic, remain- ing there until 1897. In the meantime he also en- gaged in private practice in Philadelphia, and in 1S96 opened an office in Lancaster, where he is still engaged in practice, though his family reside in Marietta. His Lancaster office is at No. 153 East King street. The Doctor is a member of the medical staff of St. Joseph's Hospital in that city, and is also a member of the County, State and National Medi- cal societies, and the Lancaster City Pathological Society. Since- 1897 he has devoted his attention to Diseases of the Eye, Ear. Nose and Throat. On Nov. 5, 1885, Dr. Cassel was united in mar- riage with Miss Mary Horn Cadwallader, a daugh- ter of Col. C. N. Cadwallader, of Philadelphia, and to them have been born three children: Charles Cadwallader ; George L., Jr. ; and Miriam. The family hold membership in the Presbyterian Church. Socially the Doctor also belongs to Lodge No. 134, B. P. O. Elks ; Donegal Lodge, No. 129, 1. O. O. F., of Marietta; Marietta Encampment, No. 76; and Canton Lancaster, M. P., No. 25. He is assistant surgeon general on Gen. E. C. Deans' staff, Depart- ment of Pennsylvania, and he is a member of Ma- rietta Council. NATHANIEL K. BRUBAKER, a retired farmer of Lititz, is a descendant of one of the old and honored families of Lancaster county, being a great-grandson of John Brubaker. Joseph Brubaker, his grandfather, was born Sept. 23, 1785, in Elizabeth township, this county, and engaged in farming in Warwick until his re- tirement, about twenty-five years before his death, which occurred April 11, 1875. He was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. He married Miss Maria Bucher, and they had eleven children : One who died in infancy ; Catherine, who became the wife of John Bomberger ; Joseph, a farmer in Warwick township ; Barbara, who married Christian Snyder ; David, a farmer, a deacon of the Old Mennonite Church ; Mary, the wife of Christian Bomberger ; Elizabeth, wife of Levi Weaver; Levi, a farmer; Jonas,, the father of Nathaniel K. ; John, a farmer of Manheim township ; and Annie, who became the wife of Jacob Shirk. Jonas Brubaker was born in Warwick township July 22, 1825. He gave his entire attention to farm- ing until about ten years before his death, which oc- curred May 10, 1897. He was a good business man and an able manager, and was one of the founders and a director of the Northern Market of Lancaster city. He was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. Jonas Brubaker married Miss Leah Kel- ler, daughter of -Fred and Catharine Keller, and they had a family of nine children : Nathaniel K. ; Cath- erine, who died in childhood; Clement K., a retired farmer of East Donegal ; Martin K., a retired farm- er of Mt. Joy; Miss Lizzie K., living near Lititz, who is engaged in sustaining foreign missions, and has especially use'd her influence for the suffering of India; Annie K., who died in infancy; Levi K., who is business manager of the missionary insti- tute at Nyack, N. Y. ; Barbara, deceased in infancy ; and Jonas, who died in childhood. Nathaniel K. Brubaker was born Nov. 28, 1849, in Warwick township, where he received a common- school education. He lived at home until he was twenty-five years of age, and then began life for himself, farming in Warwick township, at the same place where he now resides. He gave his entire at- tention to agricultural pursuits until 1894, since which time he has lived retired. He succeeded his father as a director in the Northern Market of Lan- caster city; is a director of the Lititz and Roths- ville pike, and also of the Lititz and Lexington pike. Mr. Brubaker has always been considered one of the most enterprising and energetic citizens of his town- ship, and his interest in the welfare of the commun- ity has been shown by activity in various lines. Mr. Brubaker was united in marriage, Nov. 3, 1874, with Miss Mary A. Hess, daughter of Jacob and Mary (Shenk) Hess, and to this union have come three children : J. Clayton, born Dec. 5, 1875, graduated at the Shippensburg State Normal School in 1896, and has taught four years, two years in the Cherry Grove school, in Elizabeth township and two years in Hubers school, in Warwick town- ship ; Annie Leah and Elnora both died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Brubaker are both members of the Old Mennonite Church. DANIEL K. DENLINGER, a prosperous and thoroughly respected farmer of East Lampeter town- ship, was born there Dec. 6, 1850, and belongs to a family whose various members have shown them- selves worthy of the esteem of their fellow men. Abraham Denlinger, the grandfather of Daniel K., was born July 21, 1785, and died March 6, 1836. He married Annie Landis, and they had the follow- ing children : Martin, boi-n April 30, 1812, married Barbara Jauntz, and died Feb. 5, 1879; Benjamin, born Aug. 6, 1814, died Aug. 27, 1888; Mary mar- ried John Kreider; Barbara and EHzabeth were twins; the former married Daniel Kreider, and is now deceased ; and the latter is the widow of Tobias Leanian. Benjamin Denlinger, son of Abraham, married Anna Kreider, and they .had a family of thirteen children, as follows: Martin and John (mutes); Abraham, who was twice married, first to Annie Buckwalter, daughter of Rev. David Buckwalter, and second to Hettie Landis, daughter of Benjamin Landis: Annie, deceased, who married David L Buckwalter, son of Deacon Michael Buckwalter' Benjamin K., a farmer of East Lampeter, who mar- 1134 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ried Maria Wenger, daughter of Joseph Wenger, of Leacock township ; Tobias K., who married Martha Brubaker, daughter of Deacon John Brubaker; Daniel K., who is mentioned below ; Esther K., who married John Musser; Mary K.'and Elizabeth K., twins, the former of whom is the widow of Henry E. Metzler, and the latter the wife of Christian M. Brackbill, a minister in the Mennonite Church ; Bar- bara K., who married John H. Mellinger, . son of Jacob Mellinger; Lydia K. (a mute), wife of Dan- iel Rohrer" (also a mute) ; and Catherine K. (a mute), wife of Henry Kulp (also a mute). Daniel K. Denlinger received his education in the public schools near his home. He remained under the parental roof until he was twenty-four years of age, at which time he began farming for himself, having been thoroughly trained to that vocation. He was located in Leacock township four years, after which he moved to the place on which he now resides, and which has been his home con- tinuously until the present time. He purchased the farm in 1882. The place contains about sixty-three acres, on which he has made extensive improve- ments. On Nov. 10, 1874, Mr. Denlinger married Miss Hettie M. Hershey, and to this union have been born ten children : Aaron H., who is a farmer in West Lampeter, and married Mary L. Groff, of East Lam- peter township ; Annie H., wife of Abraham L. Heller, of East Lampeter township ; and Lizzie H., Hettie H., Jacob H., Mary H., Lydia H., Daniel H., Martin H. and Katie H., who live at home. Mr. and Mrs. Denlinger, one son and three daughters are members of tne Old Mennonite Church. Mr. Denlinger is a valued resident of his community, where public spirit and devotion to local interests are appreciated. ANDREW JACKSON FUTER, a well known and highly respected farmer of Leacock township, Lancaster county, where he has also followed the vocation of carpentering, was born in Salisbury township, March 16, 1837, a son of Stephen and Sarah (Pjowman) P'uter, the former of whom was born in France, while the latter was a native of Lan- caster county. Stephen Futer was born Dec. 14, 1799, and came to America about 18 16, and located in Philadelphia, where he served an apprenticeship at the tailoring trade. When -he had mastered it he came to Lan- caster county, and was located in Leacock township for about a year, when he removed to Salisbury township, and there remained the rest of his life. He died March 16, 1872. His widow, who was born June 17, 1807, passed to her rest March 3, 1884. Tliey were members of the United Brethren and the Old Mennonite Churches, respectively, and were buried in the cemetery connected with Ro- lands Church. Stephen Futer and his wife had the following children: Elizabeth married first, Mar- tin Sweigert and after his death, William A. Pradiager, and now lives in Paradise township ; Catherine is the widow of Samuel R. Lindwell, and lives at Gap, Pa. ; Sarah is the widow of Thomas Dunlap, and lives at Chenoa, 111. ; Elias is a farmer of Upper Leacock township ; Melchisadec is de- ceased; Stephen is a farmer, carpenter and under- taker of Salisbury township ; Andrew ; John is de- ceased ; Aaron is a farmer in Ford county. 111. ; George died young ; Amos is a farmer and carpenter in Leacock township, and his sketch may be found elsewhere; Jemima and Jeremiah, twins, of whom the former is deceased, and the latter a carpenter in Philadelphia; Elmira lives in Philadelphia unmar- ried ; and Anna M. died young. The paternal grandparents of Andrew J. Futer were Mr. and Mrs. George Futer, natives of Alsace, France, where they spent all their lives. The ma- ternal grandparents of Mr. Futer were Abraham and Elizabeth (Learaan) Bowman, both of Lan- caster county. Mr. Bowman had a hotel at White Horse, and was wealthy before the Revolution, but lost his property in that struggle. Andrew Jackson Futer was married Sept. 14, 1865, in New Holland, Pa., to Ann Elizabeth Bru- baker, who was born in Strasburg township, Nov. 27, 1835, a daughter of Samuel and Esther (Steh- man) Brubaker. This union was blessed with the following children: Stephen L., a carpenter of Philadelphia, married Ella H. Younger; Miss Es- ther A. is at home; Samuel B. a contractor and builder, is at home; Sarah E. died young; Benjamin F., who is engaged in the bicycle business at Lan- caster, married Martha Hoover; and Andrew L. a partner of his brother, Benjamin F., married Mary A. Kraft, of York, and lives in Lancaster. Samuel Brubaker died in Strasburg township in 1837, at the age of thirty-four years. His widow died May 11, 1890, at the age of eighty-three. They were members of the Lutheran Church, and their children were : Josiah, who died young ; Rebecca, who married Christian Weaver, a farmer of Lan- caster ; John, deceased ; Ann Elizabeth ; and Naomi, deceased. Mrs. Brubaker was married second, to Joseph Weaver, who died in 1885, at the age of seventy-six. They had two children : Barbara A., who married Amos Bowman, now a retired farmer of Lancaster township ; and Esther A., who married John Kurtz, a retired farmer of Lancaster. Andrew Jackson Futer remained with his par- ents until 1863, when he was employed by the Gov- ernment to build bridges and do other carpenter work. He helped in the construction of two build- ings at Sangster Station, Va., and was foreman of two construction crews during the Rebellion. When the war closed he came home to follow his trade beginning business as a contracting carpenter in 1866. In 1 87 1 he settled at the home where he is found to-day. In his politics he is a Republican, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1185 and he takes a deep interest in the welfare of his party. In reHgion he belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church, and he lives an honest and up- right life. GEORGE K. MANNING, the best known undertaker and cabinet maker in Manor township, Lancaster county, was born in Highville, this coun- ty. May 6, 1843, and is of English origin. John Manning, the founder of the family in Lan- caster county, came from England in 17 16 or 1717, as a cabin boy on a sailing vessel, and was left in Philadelphia by its captain as a hostage, or appren- tice, until his passage-money had been worked out or earned. John S. Manning, grandson of the apprentice above alluded to, and a sonof Jacob Manning, was born in Manor township in 1789, was a weaver by trade, and also a butcher, at which trades he worked in winter, and in summer followed farming. He always made his home in Manor township, with the exception of one year passed in Indiana. He mar- ried Elizabeth Kline, daughter of Peter and Eliza- beth (Doerstler) Kline, who were of German origin, the grandfather of Peter Kline having been the founder of the family in Pennsylvania. The wife of John S. Manning died in 1868, at the age of seven- ty-two years, the mother of fourteen children, viz. : Jacob, who was a butcher and weaver, but is now deceased; Rebecca, widow of Abraham Renard, of Cumberland county, Pa.; John, deceased; Peter K., of Illinois; Benjamin K., a farmer of Manor township, Lancaster county; Amos K., deceased; Martin K., a farmer of Manor township ; George K. ; Adam, Elizabeth, Henry, Abraham, David and Elias, all deceased. George K. Manning was educated in the public schools of Highville and when eighteen years of age began to learn the trade of carpenter and builder with Jacob Frey, and after serving his apprentice- ship worked several years as a journeyman, and then began contracting and building on his own ac- count, erecting many of the best buildings in the county besides doing considerable work on the State Normal School at Millersville, a model of which he made for the Centennial Exhibition. In T876 George K. Manning relinquished con- tracting and carpentering, and began to devote his attention exclusively to undertaking and cabinet- making, and as a funeral director now stands at the head of the calling. DR. HL'GO CROSTA HARK, one of the ris- ing young professional men of Lancaster county, descends from an old and distinguished family. Dr. Bute, his great-grandfather in maternal lines, was contemporaneous with the great Hahnemann, and with the latter rendered signal service during the yellow fever scourge in Philadelphia. On the pa- ternal side, his grandfather, Dr. Joseph Hark, is now enjoying the evening of life, having rounded out a full eighty years, after a long and useful ca- reer as a homeopathic phj'sician. Dr. J. Max Hark, the father of Dr. Hugo Hark, of Lititz, is one of the most distinguished clergymen of the Moravian Church, who for almost thirteen years ministered to the Moravian Church of Lancaster, and during that time was regarded as one of the foremost clergymen of the fcity. At present, he is the honored principal of the justly celebrated Young Ladies' Seminary, in Bethlehem, having resigned the Lan- caster charge in order to accept this position. Dr. J. Max Hark was married to Miss Theresa Crosta, daughter of Francis Crosta, of Riverton, N. J., who died in 1895. From this union, three children were born: Hugo C, and Misses Hilda Theresa and Anna Amelia, who are attending the seminary in Bethlehem. Dr. Hugo Crosta Hark was born in Lebanon in 1874, and received his primary education in the pub- lic schools, supplementing this with first, a course in Franklin and Marshall College, and then with a classical course in the Moravian College at Bethle- hem. He next entered the Dental Department of the University of Pennsylvania, in Philadelphia, from which he was graduated in 1898, and soon after be- gan the practice of his profession in Bethlehem, where he remained until Dec. i, 1900. At this time he became the successor to the dental practice of the late Dr. J. G. Weltmer, occupying the latter's old office, as a reception room, to which he has added another larger apartment, which he uses as an operating room. WILLIAM WELCPIANS. In December, T897, a familiar face was missed from the streets of Maytown, and sorrowing neighbors lamented that William Welchans had passed out of life. He was born Aug. 31, 1822, and his life had been spent in Lancaster county, the stanch old region of sub- stantial German settlers whose thrift has done so much to give the great Keystone State its reputation and prosperity. The paternal grandparents of William Welchans were Joseph and Sabina Welchans, of York county, the family residence being near Wrightsville. Jo- seph Welchans was a prominent man, long being "Squire," and he was a thorough and enthusiastic musician, taking the long walk to Maytown every two weeks, in order to play the organ for the congre- gation of the Reformed Church. The worthy par- ents of the subject of this biography were Joseph and Margaret (Witmer) Welchans, of York and East Donegal townships, respectively, where the former followed the business of farming; he was also a carpenter, but in his latter days lived a rather retired life. To this union was born: William; Ann, who married Jacob Bowers, deceased; Mar- garet, who married Abraham Geltmacher ; Jane, who married William Drebenstadt; and Charlotte (de- 1136 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ceased), who married Abraham Sloat. The father died m 1869, at the age of seventy-six, the mother in 1864, aged sixty-eight, both being buried in the Reformed cemetery. On Nov. 9, 1845, WilHam Welchans married Anna M. Drebenstadt, and to this happy union were born : Clara, who died young ; Joseph, a carpenter, in Harrisburg, Pa. ; Amra, who married Jefferson Shireman ; Samuel, who died in 1889 ; Barbara, who married Jacob Heisey, a cigar-maker, of Maytown; Anna, who married William Stumm, of Sac City, Iowa; George, a carpenter at home, who married Barbara HoUinger; and May, who married Daniel Stewart, of Lancaster. The birth of Mrs. Welchans occurred in May- town, Oct. 10, 1825. She is a daughter of Samuel and Barbara (Poist) Drebenstadt, the former of whom was a weaver by trade, who acceptably filled the office of assessor for the township, and died in 1877, at the age of eighty-one, his wife having passed away in 1870, at the age of sixty-six, and both were buried in the old Lutheran cemetery, having been consistent members of the Lutheran Church. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Drebenstadt were: Anna M. i_ George, who was drowned at the age of nine years; William, who conducts a butchering business, in Middletown, Pa.; Theodore, who died in youth; Samuel, a cigar-maker in Maytown; Charlotte, who married John Brown, of York, Pa. ; Franklin, who died a victim of the prison at Ander- sonville, during the Civil war; and Horace, who died young. William Welchans learned the carpenter trade with his father, and learned it thoroughly so that in after years his name was a guaranty for excellence. While a young man he removed from Wrightsville to Mavtown, and continued for many years one of the prosperous workmen of that village, accumu- lating a competency, and enabling his family to pass their days in comfort after he was taken from them. A good man in every condition of life, his memory is cherished by his family and many friends. Mr. Welchans was a valued member of the Lutheran Church, his wife of the Reformed Church, and in politics he was a Democrat. His wife survives him, and is residing in the old home in Maytown which he built in 1847. Although some- what of a sufferer from rheumatism, she is. a very pleasant and intelligent lady, and remembers many interestmg events of the life of herself and husband in this locality when they first made it their home. ELWOOD M. TOWNSEND, one of the lead- ing business citizens of Smyrna, in Sadsbury town- ship, was born in Christiana, Pa., Feb. 17, 1859, a son of Jacob R. and Susan (Homsher) Townsend, both of whom were natives of Sadsbury township, more extended mention of whom will be found else- where in this volume. El wood M. Townsend was afforded excellent educational advantages, finishing first the common- school coiu'se, and at the age of sixteen entering the Millersville State Normal School, there completing his schooling, but he is one of those intelligent men who continue to learn all their lives. Such men we generally find in the front rank of both professional and business life. Mr. Townsend passed his twen- tieth and twenty-first years as an educator, and then embarked in the hard wood and lumber business, in Sadsbury township, coming to the town of Smyrna, in 1887. Here, in association with his father, he entered upon a mercantile business, and upon the death of the latter he purchased the other half in- terest, from the estate, and has had full control ever since, his energetic and business like methods build- mg up a large and constantly increasing trade. Mr. Townsend is also the, popular and obliging post- master of the town. The marriage of Elwood M. Townsend was in 1887, in Intercourse, to Ida E. Diller, and one daugh- ter, Marian D., has been born to this union. Mrs. Townsend was born in Leacock township, a daugh- ter of George and Hannah (Rutter) Diller, both of Lancaster county. The father is deceased, but the mothei still resides in Intercourse, where the family is well and favorably known. Mr. Townsend is fraternally connected with the Masonic order, and has been Past Master of Chris- tiana Lodge, No. 417. In politics, he is a supporter of the Democratic party and exerts considerable in- fluence in his locality. As a business citizen he is of great value to the community, and both' he and wife are jirominent in social circles. JACOB MUSSER DENLINGER, now a farmer in Leacock township, Lancaster county, was- born on the farm where his active years have passed, Aug. 25, 1853, a son of Samuel and EHzabeth (Musser) Denlinger, whose other son, David, born in Leacock township in November, 1857, is now a motorman on the electric railroad. Samuel Den- linger was born in East Lampeter township, March 17, 1830. His wife, Elizabeth Musser, who was- born in Leacock township May 25, 1833, a daugh- ter of Jacob and Elizabeth Musser, died April 19, 1872, in her thirty-ninth year, having been an in- valid for twenty years. Jacob Musser Denlinger was married in New Holland, Pa., Nov. 8, 1877, to Miss Anna Musser and there were born toi this union, two children, Elizabeth M. and Samuel, Jr. Mrs. Anna (Musser) Denlinger was born in Paradise township, Dec. 12, 1852, a daughter of John M. and Susannah (Wenger) Musser. Her "father, who was born in Earl township, died in Hinkletown, Pa., Aug. 21, 1896, when he was al- most sixty-seven years of age. He was a farmer, and during his active and useful life he was called to office as supervisor by the Republican party, to- which he was a life-time adherent. Mrs. Susannah BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1137 (Wenger) Musser, who was born in West Earl township, Jan. i8. 1833, died June 29, 1900. Both she and her husband, who were members of the Mennonite Church, where buried in the cemetery at Groffdale. To John M. Musser and his wife were born the following children: Benjamin W., of Upper Leacock township ; Susanna, who married Benjamin Kreider, and is now deceased; John W., a farmer in East Lampeter township ; Jacob W., a farmer and miller in West Earl township; Mary, widow of Adam D. Sheaffer, and now living in Earl township ; Lizzie, who married Willard Eaby, a merchant at Intercourse, Lancaster county ; Magda- lina, who married Harry Risser, of Clay township ; Henry, a merchant at Hinkletown, Pa. ; Martin, a merchant at Ephrata. Pa. ; Israel, who died in in- fancy; and Anna, Mrs. Denlinger. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Denlinger were Henry and Anna (Martin) Musser, both of Lancaster county; and her maternal grandparents, Benjamin and Arma (Erb) Wenger, were also of Lancaster county. Mr. Denlinger spent the earlier part of his life on the farm where he is found to-day, but in 1880, he moved to another farm in Leacock township, where he spent a year, and was then engaged for some five years in managing a store in Mascot, Upper Leacock township. He returned to his pres- ent location at the end of that time, and has contin- ued there to the present time. For some three years ]\Ir. Denlinger filled the position of school director, and he is a public-spirited and capable citizen. In his political relations he is a Republican, and is very highly esteemed in the community where his useful life has been passed. MRS. SUSAN KURTZ. No record of Ephrata township would be complete without the names of those members of the community whose youth is past, btit whose advancing years make them more highly esteemed by those who have known their lives for so many years. Among this class no one more richly deserves the respect of the community than does the lady whose name opens this biography, who is universally regarded as a type of lovely Christian character. Susan Kurtz was born July 27, 1827, a daughter of Sebastian and Susan (Mishler) Gockley, of Eph- rata township. In 1844 she was married to Eman- uel Mohler, a son of John Mohler,-of Ephrata town- ship, a good and worthy man who lived up to all that he beHeved to be his duty, was a good citizen, a Democrat in politics, a kind husband and indulgent father. His death occurred May 28, 1866, lamented by all who knew him. To Mr. and Mrs. Mohler were, born seven children : John G., born Sept. 7, 1845; Sarah, born Feb. 5, 1847, married Cyrus Miller, of Adamstown ; Susan, born April 29, 1849, married Benjamin Keller, of Nebraska; Richard, born Dec 2 1850, lives near Grand Rapids, Mich. ; Rachel G., born March 17, 1853, married Henry 72 Herchelroth, of Ephrata borough ; George E., born Dec. 9, 1854, is deceased; and Elizabeth, born Jan. 7, 1857, married Milton Sproecher. The second marriage of our subject was in 1870, to Israel Kurtz, who was born in 1822, and died in 1896. Mr. Kurtz was a most excellent man, a stanch Democrat, and one of the prominent members of the German Baptist Church. Mrs. Kurtz is most pleasantly located in Eph- rata, owning and occupying a comfortable two- "story brick dwelling on State street, and possesses ample means to provide for more advanced age. Her life has been full of kind deeds and good works, and her example and influence have ever been in the direction of charity and good will. Everywhere is she known as a most lovable lady, and she has friends wherever she has made acquaintance, who wish that her days may be long in the land and filled with com- fort and peace. ROBERT J^KNOX, a retired farmer at Inter- course, Lancaster county, is enjoying the fruits of a long and industrious career. His venerable years, upright character and kindly disposition command the confidence and respect of the community to a marked degree, and his last years are passing very pleasantly, as should pass the closing period of a noble career. Mr. Knox was born in Leacock township, Lan- caster county, Aug. 18, 1821, a son of August and Martha (Stoner) Knox, both of Leacock township, where his father died in 1842, at the age of sixty- five. His mother died in Chester county, Pa., at the age of ninety-six years. They were both members of the Presbyterian Church, and vyere buried in the Leacock cemetery. Born to this union were the fol- lov/ing children : David, deceased ; Robert J. ; Samuel, deceased; John, a farmer in Paradise town- ship ; Letitia, who married Molton Sample, who was buried Oct. 11, 1902, in Leacock cemetery; and Nathaniel, deceased. Mr. Knox has been twice married. His first wife, Catherine Beam, was the mother of one child, who died in infancy ; his second wife was Mary Ann Diller, who was born in Earl township, in March, 1831, a daughter of Jacob and Mary (Besore) Dill- er, the former of whom was born in Earl township ; the latter in Paradise township. Jacob Diller was a farmer, and died in i88t, at the age of seventy-eight )rears ; his wife died in 1870, at the age of sixty- eight years. Jacob and Mary Diller had the follow- ing family : Catherine died unmarried ; Elizabeth married Harry Graybill, and is deceased ; Louisa married John Ranck, who is retired in New Hol- land, Pa. ; Elias, who lives retired in New Holland, married Eliza Ann Graybill ; Margaret died young ; and Mary Ann is Mrs. Knox. Robert J. Knox remained with his parents until he was twenty-two years old. when he engaged in farming for himself in Leacock township, his cous- 1138 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY in, Martha Dunlap, keeping house for him. After three years of this life he began buying and selling horses, and moved to Salisbury township after his first marriage. There he was engaged in farming until 1887, when he came to Intercourse. No children of their own have come to bless their home, but Mr. and Mrs. Knox have adopted and reared to excellent manhood Willis R. Knox, who was a noted and successful teacher in Lancaster county schools. He is unmarried, and lives at home, being now engaged in selling farm seeds. MARTIN N. HEISEY is a good representative of the younger generation of Lancaster county farmers, and was born on the old homestead of the Heisey family in West Donegal township, Nov. 28, 1873, a son of David G. and Martha (Nissley) Heisey. Martin G. Heisey, his grandfather, was born on this farm. He married Magdelina Gochenauer, who was born near Petersburg, Lancaster county, and died in 1871 at the age of sixty-two years. Martin G. Heisey was a farmer and died in 1871, at the age of sixty-five years. They were members of the River Brethren Church, and were laid to rest in a private burying ground adjoining the Heisey farm. The following children were born to them : Joseph G., a retired farmer in Elizabethtown ; Elizabeth G., the widow of Henry M. Witmer; Andrew G., a farmer in Mt. Joy township ; Henry G. and Martin G., both deceased; David G., the father of Martin N. ; and Abraham G., the manager of the laundry at the Axle Works in Elizabethtown. Henry and Elizabeth (Gish) Heisey, the great- grandparents of Martin N., lived and died on the Heisey homestead. David G. Heisey is one of the leading citizens of West Donegal township, where he was born Jan. 27, 1850, on the farm where his parents lived and died. He was married, Nov. 28, 1872, in Lancaster, to Martha Nissley, and they became the parents of the following family: Martin N.,. whose name in- troduces this article; Harry N., manager of a laundry in Elizabethtown ; Elizabeth N. ; Lotta N. ; Irvin N, : Walter N. : Mary N. ; Martha N. ; Anna N. ; and Ella N. All but the two older children are still under their parents' care and protection. Mrs. Martha (Nissley) Heisey was born in West Donegal township in 1856, a daughter of Peter and Lizzie (Hoffman) Nissley, both natives of Lan- caster county. Her father died in 1867, at the age of forty-five years, and her mother in 1859, at the age of twenty-three years, and they were laid to rest in Mt. Tunnel cemetery in Elizabethtown. They were the parents of the following children: Amanda, widow of Levi Risser, of Elizabethtown; Martha, Mrs. Heisey ; Anna, wife of A. J. Heisey, a resident of Elizabethtown. The Nissleys_ are an old and respected family in and around Elizabeth- town, and the history of the Lancaster branch of the family may be found elsewhere under the Nissley name. David G. Heisey was born, as stated above, on the farm where he is found to-day, and where his liome has been made all his life with the exception of a few years prior to his marriage, when he worked out among the neighboring farmers. Eor twelve years he has been a school director, and his business standing and ability is unquestioned, as is his moral chai"acter. A man of the strictest integrity, he is regarded as one of the most upright and altogether reliable men to be found in this township at the pres- ent time. In his political relations he is a Repub- lican, and in his religious connections he is a member of the River Baptist Church. Martin N. Heisey and Anna S. Brinzer were married in Dauphin county, Nov. 28, 1898. Mrs. Heisey was born Nov. 27, 1879, in Dauphin county, a daughter of Rev. Solomon and Lizzie (Sherrer) Brinzer, natives of Dauphin and Lancaster counties, respectively. They now reside in Hillsdale, Dau- phin county, where her father is engaged in minis- terial life as a preacher of the United Zion Children Church. They were both born in 1848, and have the following children: Harrison S., principal of the Bainbridge school ; John S., a farmer and a dairy- man in the township of Mt. Joy; Matthew S., a blacksmith, and an inmate of the parental home, as is his sister Kate, who married Allen Demmy; Anna, who is Mrs. Heisey ; Martin S. ; Amos S., who is with Martin N. Heisey ; Ezra, deceased ; Ira and Lizzie, with their parents. The Rev. Matthew Brinzer, born in Dauphin county, was a farmer and a bishop of the United Zion Children faith, being the founder of that denomination and the builder of the church at Hills- dale. He died in 1889, at the age of ninety-three years ; and his widow in 1897, at the age of ninety- two years. Martin N. Heisey remained at home with his parents until his marriage when he settled on his present farm, a choice place of seventy acres, and he is making a good name for himself as an active and pushing young farmer, of unwearied industry and strict integrity. In his politics he is a Republican, and is fast becoming prominent and well-to-do. GEORGE L. KNOBB, a general farmer of Leacock township, was born in Earl township, Lan- caster county. May 8, 1858, a son of George and Harriet (Garber) Knobb. His father was born near Reading, and his mother in Lancaster county. The elder Knobb was a farmer, and died near Reading in 1864,- at the age of twenty-five years. His widow survived sixteen years, and died in 1880, at the age of forty years. They had two children : George L. ; and a daughter, who has not been heard from since childhood. George L. Knobb was married in Leacock town- ship, Dec. 24, 1892, to Mary Ann Seldomridge, by BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1189 whom he has had two children : Mabel F. and Alta C. Mrs. Knobb was born Nov. 2, 1857, a daughter of Jeremiah Seldomridge, whose sketch appears elsewhere. George I.,. Knobb remained with his mother un- til he lyas four years of age, when he went to live with his grandmother Garber, with whom he re- mamed until he was thirteen years old. At that timf; he began a career of honest industry on his own ac- count, and for several years he was employed among the neighboring farmers, gradually working himself into his present comfortable circumstances. In 1896 he removed from Buyerstown to the farm where he is found today. Mr. Knobb is a thrifty and up-to- date citizen of the community where his upright life and industrious habits, together with his genial nature and business ability, have won him many friends. pANTEL T. HESS, carriage builder of Quar- ryville borough, Lancaster county, was born in Ful- ton township, March to, 1853. His parents, Will- iam. J. and Elizabeth (Brown) Hess were also born in Fulton township, and the family is one of the best known in Lancaster county. The father of William Hess, Jonas Hess, was of German parentage and fought through the Revolutionary war. William J. Hess spent the early portion of his life as a Fulton township farmer. He abandoned farming, and en- gaged in hotel keeping at Wakefield, Lancaster county, for a number of years. Then, removing to Quarryville, he acquired what is now known as the "Armstrong Hotel," near the railroad station, which he conducted for several years. After managing several other places in the county, he moved to Cecil county, Maryland, where he devoted himself to farming until the time of his death. Mrs. Hess fol- lowed him to the grave a few years later. A family of nine children were born to this couple, four of whom died in childhood: Frank, the eldest, mar- ried Miss Mary McQuarry, of Colerain township ; they settled in Quarryville where he engaged in a mercantile and lime business for a number of years previous to his death. He left a wife and four chil- dren who reside in Lancaster. Although cut off in early life, he had made a reputation in the commu- nity, and was regarded as one of the best account- ants and business men of Lancaster. J. H., another son of William J., was born in Lancaster county, and is now a farmer and business man of Cecil coun- ty, Maryland; he married Miss Ella Painter, of Lancaster county, and to them five children have been born: Howard, Grace, Paul, Lawrence and Louisa. George M. was born in Lancaster county in 1856, and married Miss Martha Painter, of the same county, where they still reside. Two children, William and Leon, have been born to them. Harry Hess was born in Lancaster county, and moved to Cecil county, Maryland, where he is still living un- married; Daniel T. Hess was reared in Drumore town- ship, and was educated in the district schools. He worked on his father's farm, until the age of four- teen years, when he began to learn the trade of cab- inet and carriage maker. He followed work of this kind until 1873, when he married Miss Maggie Myers, of Eden township, daughter of Augustus and Margaret Myers. The family is an old and re- spected one in the community. Mrs. Hess was born Nov. 17, 1858, and grew to womanhood and was ed- ucated in the schools of Lancaster county. After marriage the couple settled in Quarryville, where Mr. Hess has since engaged in the manufacture of vehicles of all classes. He has established a large and lucrative business, and has invested considerable means in real estate in the village. His home, built under his own direction, is one of the very pleasant oaes in the place. Six children, four of whom survive, have been born to this couple : Harry, the eldest, was born April 13, 1874, and was educated in the school of the county, graduating from the High school at Quarryville. He afterward took a course in the Lancaster Business College, graduating from that institution in 1896. He married Miss Jeanette McClure, of I^tocaster county, and the couple reside in the county, where Mr. Hess is engaged in the mercantile business. Tliev have no children. Laura M. died at the age of two years. Lottie was born in Quarryville, in August, 1881, and was edu- cated in the schools of her native town. Rengier was born in 1885, and died at the age of two years. Emma, born in December, 1888, is a student in the local schools, and Daniel C. was born in 1892. Daniel T. Hess is a Democrat in politics, and has held a number of borough offices from time to time. The family are members of the Presbyterian Church, and hold a prominent standing in that de- nomination. Mr. Hess started in life with small means, but by industry and frugal habits has ac- quired a competency. The family is one of the most respected in the community, and deservedly so. Mrs. Hess takes an active part in church and charit- able work, and is a lady of culture and refinement. REV._ HIRAM G. KAUFFMAN, one of the es- teemed citizens of Lancaster county, where he is known and beloved for his earnest labors as a min- ister in the Old Mennonite Church, was born in East Hempfield township, near East Petersburg, on the old Kauffman homestead, March 18, 1869. His ed- ucation was received in the public schools of his dis- trict, and he remained under the parental roof until a short time previous to his marriage, engaging there in agricultural pursuits. In 1 891 he began farming operations for himself on the farm he now occupies, just south of the vil- lage of Landisville, a fine tract of seventy acres, well situated and watered, arid under an excellent state of cultivation, for while Rev. Kauffman is an ener- getic worker in the Church, he is also a practical farmer and understands the best methods of manag- ing his land. 1140 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY At the age of twenty-three he became a member of the Old Mennonite Church and took charge of the Sabbatli school, and some two years later was ordained as a minister of the Church, the solemn rite of ordination taking place June 14, 1894, Rev. Ja- cob Brubaker officiating. He was assigned to the Salunga district, and confines the most of his labors to that vicinity. At the time of his ordination, he was the youngest minister in the county, but he has displayed unusual ability in his work, and has met with the approval of both his people and his brother ministers. Patient, kind and sympathetic, he is ever ready to give time or means to all who need his serv- ices, and ha.s been most generous with both, in every service of the Church. His friends are numerous, and he has the confidence and true respect of the whole com.munity. • Rev. Hiram G. Kauffman was married, Nov. 18, 1890, to Fannie K. Cassel, a daughter of John and Adeline (Krider) Cassel, and one daughter, Dora, was born to this marriage. The life of Rev. Kauff- man is passed in doing good works and in perform- ing his duty toward his family, country and Church, and he has had every reason to believe that it finds favor with the Master he so faithfully serves. JOSEPH PAXON COOPER, for many years in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railway Co., and late an engineer, with his residence at Columbia, was born three miles north of Parkesburg, Chester Co., Pa., Oct. 6, 1847, on the farm and in the house in which his father was born, and he was accident- ally killed on the road Jan. 27, 1901. Matson Cooper was born in October, 1820, and married Mary A. Miller, also a native of Chester county, born in 1823. To this union were born the following named children : Evan T., of Columbia, and an ex-soldier ; James T., a railroad conductor at Harrisburg ; Keziah, wife of Harry Roy, of Colum- bia ; Joseph P., whose name opens this sketch ; Sal- ly, who married Zachariah Baldwin, of Atlantic City, N. J., and a former mayor; Henrietta, now Mrs. James Boyd ; John, a brakeman who was killed on the road in 1896 ; Timothy, deceased ; and Mary, who died young. Mrs. Mary A. (Miller) Cooper died July i, 1897, at the age of seventy-four, a mem- ber of the Society of Friends, and Matson Cooper, also a Quaker, and a retired drover, auctioneer and merchant, came to Columbia in 1889, and made his home with his son, Joseph P. Joseph Paxon Cooper, at the age of seven years, left the home farm and went to live with William McKnight, a butcher, and during his four years' residence with him gained a very fair knowledge of the butchering business, besides rendering assist- ance on the farm. His next experience was for two years and nine months with' Preston Wickerson in a flour mill, and he then returned to Mr. McKnight, with whom he remained until he was sixteen years old, when he went to Kansas City, Mo. In 1866 he went to Baltimore, Md., and served three months in the State Militia, and in 1867 came to Columbia and entered the employ of the Pennsylvania Railway (Zo. as a brakeman. Five months later he was ap- pointed flagman ; after four months' service in this position he was placed in charge of a local freight train as conductor for six months, and then served as fireman about one year and nine months. In June, 1873, he was promoted to engineer, and in that position he gave unqualified satisfaction until his lamented death. On Jan. 16, 1873, Mr. Cooper married, in Co- lumbia, Miss Amanda Q. Campbell, a native of the borough, born July 19, 1855, a daughter of George Campbell, of whom further information may be found in the biography of Samuel Campbell, on another page. To Mr. and INIrs. Joseph P. Cooper were born the following children, in the following order : George M., a locomotive fireman, who mar- ried Nettie Krieder, and became the father of one daughter, Harriet L., was killed on the road March 27, 1899; James T., also a fireman, married Ella Wills, and has one daughter, Alverta U. ; John C, who served in Co. C, 4th P. V. I., in Porto Rico, married Hattie Shultz, and is now at home; Evans T., Daisy M., Mary, Joseph M., Lillie, Delia, Will- iam, Lloyd, Gardner, and Charles and Samuel (twins), all at home. In politics Mr. Cooper was a Democrat, but was never ambitious of holding office. He was greatly respected for his personal merits, as is his widow,, and the children fully share the general esteem of the community. JACOB R. TOWNSEND (deceased). For many years the late Jacob R. Townsend was well and favorably known through Lancaster county,, having been prorrtinently identified with many lines- of activity. An excellent farmer, a successful lum- ber manufacturer and a prosperous merchant, he- was brought into contact with very many of his fel- low-citizens, all of whom unite in their estimate of him as a man of the most exalted personal honesty and unimpeachable integrity. Mr. Townsend was born in Sadsbury township, Oct. 25, 1820. His death occurred April 18, 1891, at the age of seventy years, five months and twen- ty-three days, and he was buried in the cemetery connected with the Bellevue Presbyterian Church, at Gap, Pa. His parents, John and Catherine (Wagner) Townsend, were farming people, the- former of whom belonged to the old Quaker family of that name in Bucks county, and the latter of Sadsbury township, v/here both died, the former on Aug. 27, 1858, at the age of sixty-six years, seven months and three days, and his remains were in- terred in the Friends cemetery in Sadsbury town- ship. Mother Townsend was born on July 12, 1793,.. and died on Oct. 7, 1873, at the age of eighty years, three months and five days, and was buried at the Octoraro Presbyterian Church, in Bart township- The children born to John and Catherine Townsend, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1141 were : Polly R., who married Henry Rea, deceased ; John, deceased; Jacob R., deceased; Catherine, widow of Joseph Ressler, of Cochranville, Pa.; George, who died in the West; Amos, who also died in the West ; Isaac ; Martin, a resident of Iowa ; Robert, the principal of the High school, in Reading, Pa.; Susan, deceased, wife of Samuel Virtue, of Bart township: and Samuel, who lives retired at Christiana. The paternal grandparents were of English extraction, and Grandfather John Town- send was a successful and respected farmer and miller well known through Bucks county ; his death occurred in Sadsbury township. Jacob R. Townsend was reared to farming pur- suits, and remained an agriculturist until 1846, at which time he embarked in the mercantile business, opening up a general store at the location of his son, in Smyrna. Here he continued until 1850, at that time disposing of his merchandise to Joseph C. Walker & Bro., who continued the business. Mr. Townsend then moved to Christiana, and in that growing town engaged extensively in a warehouse business, including lumber, coal, grain, etc., hand- ling each commodity' with excellent results for the succeeding seven years. With his brother-in-law, Theodore Homsher, he had a branch warehouse in Good Hope, in the Cumberland Valley. Tiring of the cares of business, Mr. Townsend returned to the old homestead farm, and began its operation, and also in this connection, managed a sawmill, but in 1873, in association with his son, Howard L., he re- sumed mercantile operations, buying back his old stand. For the following ten years, Mr. Townsend again became a well-known merchant of Smyrna, with his voung partner, and when business changes came, calling his son to other fields, Mr. Townsend took his brother-in-law, Samuel Virtue, as partner, this firm continuing for two years, ending in 1882. At this date Elwood M. Townsend, another son, purchased the interest in the business belonging to Mr. Virtue, and this partnership lasted until the death of Mr. Townsend, in 1891, when Elwood M. purchased his father's interest, and since that time has conducted the business upon the same principles established by his honorable father so many years ago. Jacob R. Townsend was married on Nov. i, 1850, in Sadsbury township, to Susan M. Homsher, and the children born to this union were : Howard L., who married Evana Pownall, and has four chil- dren, is a shoe merchant in Philadelphia; Ashmer H. died in infancy; Elwood M., who married Ida Diller, and has one child, is postmaster in Smyrna, and his father's successor in the mercantile business there ; Elizabeth married Dr. Fred. Baker, a well- known physician of Philadelphia; Ella V., a tal- ented and highly cultured young lady, is the prin- cipal of the I<"ulton High school ; and Maris S., who married Bessie Lefever, resides in Smyrna. The Homsher family of which Mrs. Townsend was a representative, is an old and honored- one in Chester county. Pa. It is also well known through Lancaster county, and extended mention is made of this family elsewhere. Mrs. Townsend was born in Salisbury township, Lancaster, county, March 6, 1830, a daughter of John and Mary (Coon) Hom- sher, natives of Chester county and of Oxford, Pa., and she was a sister to Franklin Homsher, a well-known citizen of Christiana. Notwithstanding his many business interests, Jacob R. Townsend became prominent in Demo- cratic political circles, and was interested in all pro- gressive and educational movements, serving for a number of years as school director, and encouraging all enterprises looking to the advancement of a higher educational standard. His devotion to his family was only equaled by his adherence to the Presbyterian Church, he being for many years a con- sistent member and liberal supporter of the Belle- vue Church. His estimable widow resided in the home erected by her husband, at Smyrna Cross Roads, until her death, July 31, 1902, and she was universally esteemed throughout the neighborhood. HENRY L. WENGER, a retired farmer of Ra- pho township, was born in this township Aug. 19, 1835, a son of Christian and Elizabeth (Lehman) Wenger. Christian Wenger was a farmer, and died in 1875, at the age of eighty-four years, after having lived a retired life for the thirty years previous. His wife died in 1896, at the age of eighty-two years, and the couple are buried in private grounds on their farm. They were members of the Old Mennonite Church. There were born to them the following children: Joseph, who died at the age of sixty-six years ; Abraham, who died at the age of sixty-four years ; Peter, a carpenter at Man- heim, Pa. ; and Henry L. By a former marriage, contracted with a Miss Brubaker, Christian Wenger had one son named John, who recently died at the age of eighty 'two years. Henry h. Wenger has been married twice. In 1854 he wedded Miss Anna Hershey and to this union were born : Christian, a farmer of Penn town- ship, married to a Miss Miller; Lizzie, wife of Henry Greiner, a farmer of Rapho township ; and Benjamin, married to Miss Amanda Keener and liv- ing on the homestead with his father. Anna (Her- shey) Wenger was born in West Hempfield town- ship, and died in 1889, at the age of sixty-nine years. She is buried in Shoemaker's cemetery. She was the daughter of John Hershey, of Lancaster county. On Sept. 24, 1891, Mr. Wenger was mar- ried to Miss Emma Long, daughter of Jacob Long, in Manheim, Pa. No children have been born to this union. Mrs. Emma (Long) Wenger was born in Manor township and is the daughter of Jacob and Frances CMellinger) Long, the former of whom was a farmer. After his death the widowed mother married Jacob Harnish, who enlisted for service in the Civil war, and was taken prisoner after a severe 1142 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY battle with the Confederates. He was confined in Libby Prison, Richmond, and died in February, 1865, at the age of forty years, in consequence of treatment received at that place. His widow died in January, 1898, at the age of seventy years, at the home of her son-in-law, Mr. Wenger. She was a member of of the ]\Iethodist Church. Her children, all but Mrs. Wenger born to her second marriage, were : Emma, wife of Mr. .Wenger ; Lizzie, wife of Preston Reeves, of Omaha, Neb.; William, deceased ; David, of Lancaster ; Amos, of Lancaster ; Clara, deceased ; Jennie, wife of Job Wylie, of Lan- caster ; Alice, wife of Thomas Fisher, of Lancaster ; Jacob, of Lancaster ; and Henry, of Norristown, Pennsylvania. Henry L. Wenger remained at home with his parents until he was of age, after which he farmed for two years on shares. He then removed to his present farm. The members of the family, includ- ing himself, attend the Reformed Church. Mr. Wenger is a solid substantial member of the com- munity, and is well known and respected. He is attached to his home and family, but is also a prom- inent factor in any movement undertaken for the benefit of the locality in which he lives. JOHN H. BROWN, a general farmer and prominent citizen of Lancaster county, was born in Colerain township, April 18, 1866, a son of Jacob J. and Barbara E. (Bard) Brown. Jacob J. Brown was born in Little Britain town- ship, June 14, 1827, and passed out of this life in Bart township, June 14, 1888, and was laid to rest in the Union cemetery. His parents were Samuel and Eliza (Pennell) Brown, farming people of Lan- caster county, who reared these children: John; Jacob J. ; Letitia, who married Henry Jenkins ; and Rachel A., who married Henry Jenkins, after the death of her sister, and they had a family of thirteen children, nine of whom were daughters and all be- came school teachers. The second marriage of Samuel Brown was to Jane Scotten ; the children of this marriage were : E. Albert (sometimes known as E. Alvin), who resided in Little Britain, Pa., died Nov. 28, 1901, and was buried in Little Britain Presbyterian Church yard; and Emma, who is married, lives in Lancaster county. On Feb. 5, 1865, Jacob J. Brown was united in marriage to Barbara E. Bard, and the children born to this union were: John H., who married Lizzie Brown, is a farmer in Sadsbury township, and has three children; William H. is a farmer near Rose- mont. Pa. ; George F. is a farmer near Rosemont ; and Sarah J. is of Avondale, Pennsylvania. Mrs. Barbara E. (Bard) Brown was born near Strasburg in this county, and she was a daughter of Elisha and Mary Ann (Hagen) Bard, farming peo- ple of this county, where Mr. Bard died March 19, T89S, at the age of seventy-eight years. Mrs. Bard died Oct. 2, t868, at the age of forty-six years. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Bard were : Lizzie, who married Isaiah Cassel, of Norristown, Pa. ; Anna, deceased, who lived, in Montgomery county, Pa. ; Hannah, who married Warren Smith, of Parkesburg ; Barbara E. ; Martin, a farmer of West Hempfield township ; Samuel, of Unicorn, Pa. ; Benjamin, of Mechanics Grove, Pa. ; and Harry, of Cochranville. Early in life Jacob J. Brown learned the milling business, and was interested in that during his en- tire life, dying in Bart township. During the Civil war he was drafted into the sert-ice, but circum- stances prevented his leaving, and he paid a sub- stitute a sum of $300 to take his place. In his political sympathy he always supported the Repub- lican party, and was a man who was highly esteemed in his locality. John H. Brown was reared on the farm and ob- tained his education in the public schools of his township. Until the age of fourteen he remained with his mother, and then assisted in agricultural work among the neighboring farmers, continuing until he took charge of the present farm, this for- merly belonging to the late Lindley T. Brown, the esteemed father-in-law of our subject. On August 3, 1892, John H. Brown was married to Miss Lizzie Brown, the estimable and only daughter of Lindley T. and Margaret (Clinger) Brown, and the children born to this union are : Ralph, Leah and I-ela, all of them bright and attrac- , tive children. Mrs. John H. Brown was born on the present farm on Newport Pike. Her father, Lind- ley T. Brown was born in Cecil county, Md., Sept. i, 1820, and his death occurred on the farm now owned by his son-in-law May 14, 1888. His parents were Caleb and Elizabeth (Clemson) Brown, the former of whom was a native of Cecil county, Md., and the latter of Chester county; she died July 12, 1848. Caleb Brown had carried on a blacksmith business in Little Britain, Lancaster county, for a number of years. The children born to him and his wife were : Clemson, deceased ; Elizabeth, who died young; and Lindley T. Caleb Brown died in Cecil county, Md., Dec. 13, i860, and he and his wife are buried at Eastland Friends Burving Ground. In Philadelphia, Feb. 23,' 1870, Lindley T. Brown was united in marriage with Margaret Clinger, anrl one daughter, Lizzie, was born to this marriage. The birth of Mrs. Margaret (Cling- er) Brown occurred in East-town township, Chester county, June 8, 1832, and she was a daughter of Henry and Mary A. (Hippie) Clinger, of Chester county, Pa., where Mr. Clinger was a farmer. There he died in 1867, at the age of sixty-eight years, the mother passing away in 1842 ; both were buried m Pikeland, Chester county. The children born to Mr. and Mrs, Clinger were : Anna E., who resides unmarried, at Green Tree, Pa. ; Margaret ; Martha, deceased, who married Jacob H. Mullen; Mary J., deceased, unmarried ; and Sarah M., deceased, who married George H. Detterline. The maternal great- grandfather of Margaret C. Brown was a soldier BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1143 in_ the Revolutionary war, and great uncle John Hippie served in the war of 1812 and in the Mo- hawk war. The second marriage of Mr. dinger was to Miss Sarah J. Biddle, and their children were: George B., of Philadelphia; Harry R., of Philadelphia; Maria L., who is the widow of John Kunkle; Kate, who married William Armstrong, an engineer on the Pennsvlvania railroad ; and Frank, who is a let- ter carrier in Philadelphia. The grandparents of Mrs. Lindley Brown were Jacob and Anna M. (Sloyer) dinger, of Chester county, the former of M'hom for many years operated a hotel on the Phila- delphia and Lancaster pike road. Lindley T. Brown was a farmer all his life, com- mg to .Sadsbury township from Little Britain town- ship in 1868. In politics he was a Republican, and he was long a leading member of the Society of Friends, a man of responsibility in his locality. He is buried at Pikeland, Chester Co.,- Pennsylvania. John H. Brown is a prominent member of the Republican party, an excellent farmer, and one of the progressive and public-spirited citizens of his commxmity. The family is one of the most highly esteemed in this part of Lancaster county. MRS. ANNIE SNAVELY, a resident of East Drumore township, Lancaster county, where she command.s many friends by her excellent character and genial disposition, was born Nov. 22, 1834, daughter of Joseph and Susanna (Bleacher) Shaub. John Shaub, her grandfather, was a native of Lancaster county, and of German extraction, as was also his wife, Elizabeth Gochenauer. They settled on government land probably as early as 1809, and they became the parents of sixteen children who settled in York and Lancaster counties. Joseph Shaub, son of John and father of Mrs. Suavely, was born in Lancaster county in 1805. He married .Susanna Bleacher, who was born in Provi- dence township, same county, in 1802. They were married about 1825, and settled on a farm of his father near Hawkesville, Providence township, where they remained until about 1842, when, his fa- ther John, having died, Joseph Shaub bought the old homestead, and removed to it, continuing to operate it imtil 1871, when he retired. He died Aug. 27, 1880, his widow surviving until Jan. 28, 1885. Thev were both active and devoted members of the Mennonite Church. To them were born seven children: (i) Mary, born in October, 1826, mar- ried Isaac Herr, of Pequea township, and died in Lancaster county, four years after her marriage, leaving two children : Alice, wife of Elias Wiggens ; and Marv, wife of Edward Aston. (2) Joseph, born in 1829, married Anna Phillips, and settled in East Drumore township, where he died in January, 1891, leaving a widow and a family. (3) Benjamin, born in 183 1, married Susan Lefever, settling in Providence township; his wife was killed on the railroad at Belmont, near Leaman Place, leaving a large family. (4) Annie, Mrs. Snavely, is fourth in the order of birth. (5) Elizabeth, born in 1837, married the late Albert Groff, and with her family still resides on the old homestead. (6) Ephraim, born in 1842, married Amanda Cline, and lived in Providence township some years, but now with his wife and family resides in Lampeter township. (7) Rudolph, born in 1845, married Anna Money, who died leaving four children: Milton, now deceased; Mary A. ; Frank ; and Emma S., now a young lady of eighteen years, and reared by Mrs. Snavely. Mrs. Annie (Shaub) Snavely was born in 1834, and received her education in the district school. On Sept. 9, 1858, she was married to Benjamin Groff, of Providence township, who was born in 1815, son of Joseph and Mary Groff. Mr. and Mrs. Groff settled on his farm in Providence township, where they remained until 1861, -when they moved to East Drumore township, where he died in 1870, leaving his widow with three children: (i) Mary Groff, born in September, 1859, rnarried John Frank Newsmenger, by whom she has the following chil- dren: Benjamin, now a clerk for Barton Witmer, of Quarryville, is married and has one son, Vernon ; Jacob G. ; Ella S. ; Charles ; Earl ; Harry E. ; Frank H. ; Amos; and Thomas. (2) Benjamin S., born in 1863, married Ida M. Bleacher, of East Drumore, lives in Bart township, and has one son, Clarence B. (3) Susan, born in 1866, married John Shetrompf, and resides in Philadelphia, where he was employed on the street cars until his death in December, 1901 ; their children were: Arthur, Anna, Walter, John, Mary and Paul. Mrs. Groff was married second in October, 1878, to Jacob Snavely. They lived on his farm in East Drumore township, and were engaged in farming until his death in 1882. To this marriage came one son, John Snavely, born Jan. i, 1881, who has been a student in the Franklin and Marshall College ; in 1900 he entered Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pa., to prepare for the ministry, and has proved himself so thorough a student that in 1901 he was awarded a first prize. Mr. Snavely was a member of the Men- nonite Church, of which Mrs. Snavely has been a member for fifty years. Mr. .Snavely was a Republican, and took an active part in the v/ork of his party. Mrs. Snavely is a lady of intelligence and wide information. She delights in the study of nature as well as of books, and it is a pleasure to meet her in social conversa- tion. She is a lady of genial disposition, and is the center of a delightful circle of friends. JOHN W. McELHANY. Commercial prog- ress in a town like Quarryville, where the subject of this sketch resides,' owes its development to the energy, perseverance and foresight of young men, who during thir earlier experience realize the im- portance of integrity, economy and the smaller de- tails of business. It is the observance of these im- portant factors that have contributed success to Mr. 1144 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY McElhany as a merchant and as a citizen. Coming from a line of Scotch ancestry, it is but natural that he should inherit some of the practical, sound judg- ment of the race that has furnished some of the most successful merchants in the world. John W. McElhany, general merchant of Quar- ryville, was born in Marticville, Lancaster county, Oct. 15, 1858. Plis parents are I)avid S. and Sarah (Guiles) McElhany, of Lancaster county. David S. McElhany was born in Chester county. Pa., in November, 1823. His wife was born in Strasburg, Lancaster county, in 1825, a daughter of William Guiles, of an old family of Strasburg, which dates back to Revolutionary time and fame. David S. McElhany was the son of Samuel Mc- Elhany, who was born in Scotland and settled in Chester county on a farm where our subject's fa- ther grew to maturity. They raised a large family, some of whom are still living: Lottie, one of the daughters, became the wife of John Ewing, of Phila- delphia. Frank is a dentist. David S., our subject's father, was raised in Chester county, where as a young man he engaged in the brick making business. At the age of twenty-two he came to Lancaster coun- ty, and settled at Marticville, where he married and continued the manufacture of brick. In addition to his other interests he purchased a track of land near Marticville, where he erected a house and engaged in farming. In 1889 he retired from active life, living at his old homestead. It was in 1896 that his es- timable wife, the companion of so many years, died leaving her husband with six children. She was a consistent Christian and a member of the M. E. Church. Their children were: (i) Lizzie McEl- hany was born at the old home in Lancaster county, in Sept., 1847. She qualified herself for a teacher at the State Normal School, and was for a number of years a successful teacher in the Lancaster county schools. She became the wife of James Douglas, of Washington borough, Lancaster county, a teacher. They now reside in Danville, Pa., where she keeps a millinery store. They have two children, Reno S., who is a rising young attorney in Chicago; and Meda. (2) Sallie was born in 1853, and edu- cated in the home schools. She grew to womanhood • and became the wife of Charles Costello, of Lan- caster city. They have four children : William, a merchant at Bird-in-Hand, Lancaster county, mar- ried Miss Bell Bear, of the same place, and they have two children, Elizabeth and Mary Bell ; Valen- tine, married, is a coach painter of Lancaster city; Lottie is a clerk in Williamson's store in Lancaster city ; Rose is a teacher in the Quarryville school. (3) William, born at the old home in 1857, died from sun stroke July 2, igoi. (4) Lottie, born in 1856, has remained single and resides with her father. (5) John W. ^yas the fifth in order of birth. (6) Laura another daughter and the youngest of the family, was born in 1861. She is the wife of George Loflin, of Philadelphia, one of the leading contractors and builders of that city. They have an interesting fam- ily of four children. John W. McElhany was educated in the schools of Marticville. After finishing his course he re- mained with his father in business until he was twen- ty-six years of age. In 1884 he engaged in the gen- eral merchandising business, in the village of Bird- in-Hand. Here he continued in business for about nine years. In 1895 he purchased the general store of Hensel Lefever & Co., at Quarryville, where he has continued the business up to the present time with success to himself and satisfaction to his trade. As the business stands to-day it represents the suc- cess of one man, who began in a small way, and who was willing to win his way by merit and perseverance. The social side of Mr. McElhany's life has also been a success. In 1882 he married Miss Ella Herr, the estimable daughter of Martin and Mariah Herr, members of one of the foremost families in that sec- tion. Mrs. McElhany was born in 1858, and was educated in the State Normal school. For a number of years she was recognized as one of the best teach- ers in the county. This union has been blessed with four children: Clare, born in 1887; Frank, born in 1891 ; Emma, born in 1896 ; and Esther, born in May, 1900. Politically our subject has always been identified with the Republican party, and has held some minor offices. Religiously he and his wife have long been identified witla the M. E. Church, in which they both take an active interest, Mr. McElhany being one of the trustees, and steward of the Quarryville Church. AARON WEAVER. Well known and highly respected throughout West Earl township is Aaron Weaver, one of the substantial farmers, who traces his ancestry to three brothers, who came from Switzerland to America, and located in Lancaster county, probably about 1730. The line of descent went down, through Henry (or Haeny, as his name is sometimes spelled, who died May 11, 1826, aged eighty-nine years and eleven months), Michael (the great-grandfather, who was a farmer of Earl township), to Jacob, the grandfather, who was not only a thrifty farmer, but a well-known minister of the Mennonite faith, and became the father of: Magdelena, deceased ; Henry M., of Indiana, de- ceased ; John M., the father of Aaron ; Catherine ; Jacob M., and Mary, Elizabeth, Michael and Annie, all four of whom have passed away. John M. Weaver is a prosperous farmer of West Earl township. He married Mary Weaver, and they reared these children : David, deceased : An- nie, deceased ; Aaron ; Jacob, a farmer of Earl ; John, deceased : and Mary, who is the wife of John M. Weaver, of Earl township. Aaron Weaver was born Nov. 9, 1851, and re- ceived his education in the common schools of his township. All of his life has been passed in agri- cultural pursuits, and he has become known as one BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1145 of the best and most thorough farmers of the town- ship. Ahhough he is now the owner of a well-culti- vated farm of forty-one acres, well improved, and owns most comfortable residence and other build- ings, life has not always been easy with him. Industry, economy and perseverance have enabled him to accumulate ample means, and he and his wife are able to enjoy the results obtained by earlier self-denial. On Dec. lo, 1870; Aaron Weaver was married to Miss Elizabeth Seible, born Feb. 19, 1850, a daughter of Leonard and Mary (Mink) Seible, na- tives of Germany, but residents of West Earl town- ship. To Mr. and Mrs. Weaver have been born: Isaac S., a farmer of Earl township, who married Kate Stoner, of that township; Frank S., a hose manufacturer, of Ephrata, who mairried Minnie Murr; Mary, who died in childhood; and Annie, who married Daniel Zimmerman, of West Earl township. Mr. Weaver has never taken any active interest in politics, but is inclined in the direction of the Republican party, and both he and wife have been consistent members of the Mennonite Church for more than a quarter of a century. In the community he is known as one of the most up- right, generous and kind-hearted of men, and he is esteemed and valued by a large circle of friends. BARTON WITMAN, who died Aug. 14, 1902, was long a well-known citizen of Caernarvon town- ship. William Witman, the founder of this family in Caernarvon township, was born in Bucks county, Pa., near the " Plow Tavern," and when a young man, came to Churchtown, to take a position as clerk in the Post Forge. Here he mastered the details of the business, and soon became manager of the Company's office. For twenty-one years he was con- nected with the establishment, and it was during his connection with it that he bought a farm of sixty acres, fourteen of which were wooded, which be- came his home after his retirement from the iron works, and here he remained engaged in farming as long as he lived. During these last years he dealt extensively in stock. One of the active Democrats of this section of the county, he filled various local positions in a very satisfactory manner, one of the offices he held being that of assessor. When he died he was about seventy years of age, and he had led an honorable and useful career. His wife, Cath- erine, was the daughter of Adam Zell, of the east part of the county. She became the mother of nine children : Barton ; Ann, who married David Will- iams, and is deceased; Harwitt, deceased; Marga- ret, who married Levi DeHaven, and is deceased; Catherine, Susan and Ellen, deceased ; William, who lives in Little Britain township; and Edgar, who lives in Little Britain township. William Witman and wife were members of the Episcopal Church. Barton Witman was born Aug. 23, 1825, and re- ceived his education in the public schools. As long as his father lived he remained in his employ, as- sisting in his farming and in cattle buying enter- prises. After the death of the father, Barton took charge of the homestead, which is situated about a mile and a quarter southwest of Churchtown, and devoted his life to its cultivation. Always was he active and progressive, and he kept thoroughly in touch with all modern and advanced ideas. Mr. Witman was married, Sept. 6, 1872, to Miss Caroline Dempster, a daughter of Robert Dempster, of Philadelphia, Pa., where she was reared. To this union were born two children : Robert, is unmarried, and at home; Catherine maxried George D. Witmer, a farmer of East Earl township, and they have two children, George Robert and an infant daughter. Mr. Witman was warden of the Churchtown Episcopal Church, of which he was a member many vears. Mrs. Witman was reared a Methodist, and she is one of the highly respected residents of the community in which she lives. CAPT. MARTIN H. SMITH (deceased) was one of the highly respected residents of Columbia, Lancaster county, and a full record of his life will be found in the biography of Mrs. C. C. Smith, his mother, mentioned elsewhere. He married Miss Mary E. Moore, and to this marriage were born, Mildred M. and Gertrude C. Mrs. Mary E. (Moore) Smith was born in West Hempfield town- ship near Columbia, a daughter of Joseph A. and Sarah (Shay) Moore, natives of West Hempfield township and Marietta, Lancaster county, respec- tively, and both died on their old homestead, now known as Norwood. Joseph A. Moore, besides be- ing a farmer, was a pressed-brick layer. He died Aug. 26, 1885, at the age of forty-eight, having lost his wife, March 27th of the same year, at the age of forty-four years. They were members of the First English Lutheran Church, and their remains lie interred in the family graveyard on the Norwood estate. Their children, seven in number, were named in the order of birth, as follows : Mary E. ; Daniel S., on the old homestead, and also a boss puddler ; Christine, wife of Harry Hartman, a painter in Columbia; Ella M., married to Ralph Sweeny, a paper-hanger of the same borough; Ar- mour N., boss puddler in the rolling-mill at Colum- bia ; and Julia A. and Susie L., who both died young. The paternal grandparents, Samuel A. and Eliza- beth A. (Albright) Moore were natives of Lancas- ter county, and the maternal grandparents. Shay, were born in Ireland, but died in Lancaster county. Capt. Martin H. Smith passed away Sept. 5, 1898, honored by all who knew him. He had a fine reputation as a sharp-shooter, and as such secured several prizes in closely contested matches. After his death, a handsomely enameled medal which the Captain had won in several revolver contests was presented to his estimable wife by those who had it in custody, as a token of the esteem for the deceased. 1146 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and respect for his widow. Mrs. Smith's' many good personal quah'ties and amiable disposition have won for her a host of warm friends. She still con- ducts the business, under the name of the M. H. Smith Estate, with the Captain's sister, Annie G. Smith, as manager. JOtIN K. ROHRER, an old and highly respected farmer, who is now living with his son John, in Philadelphia, was a retired farmer of Rapho town- ship, Lancaster county. He was born on the farm ad- joining the one he lately left, Aug. 3, 1829, a son of John and Susan (Kaufifman) Rohrer, also resi- dents on this same farm. The parents were born in Rapho and East Hempfield townships, respectively, and both are now deceased. The father was an act- ive farmer until twenty years prior to his death, in 1874, at the age of seventy-two years. The mother, who died in 1868, at the age of sixty-one years, was buried in Erisman's Meeting House Burying Ground in Rapho township. They had the following chil- dren: Mary, widow of Emanuel Cassel, of Penn township ; Jacob, who was drowned while fishing in the Ohio river ; John K. ; Christian, who died in 1888, on the old homestead ; David, who died young; and Anna, widow of Andrew Hershey, now making her home with her sister, Mrs. Mary Cassel. The paternal grandfather of John K. Rohrer was John Rohrer, who had a farm in Rapho township, where he spent his life in the cultivation of the soil. His wife belonged to the Shank family. The ma- ternal grandfather of John K. Rohrer was Christian Kaufifman, who was born and who spent his life in Lancaster county. John K. Rohrer was twice married, his first mar- riage occurring in June, 1851, in Lancaster county, to Catherine Heistand, by whom he became the fa- ther of the following family : Albert, deceased, who married Amanda Ginger, and had two children; Martha, who married Michael Sechrist, a tobacco dealer, at Columbia, Pa. ; Susan, wife of Hiram Mirinich, of near Lititz. Mrs. Catherine (Heistand) Rohrer was born in East Plempfield township, and passed away in 1856, when only twenty-four years of age. Her remains were interred in Rapho town- ship in a private burying ground. She was a daugh- ter of- Christian and Catherine (Heistand) Heis- tand, who were farming people, both of Lancas- ter county. Her father died in August, 1880, at the age of eighty-four : her mother entered into rest in March, 1881, when she was aged eighty-two years. Their ashes were interred in Landisville, Pa. They were members of the Mennonite Church. Prior to his death Christian Heistand lived retired for fifteen years. He was the fathef of the following children: John, who died in California; Christian, deceased; Elizabeth, deceased, who married Henry Hoffman : Anna, who married Christian Long, of Landisville, Pa. : Barbara, wife of Henry Landis, living in Mt. Joy, Pa. ; Catherine ; Jacob, who was drowned ; Abraham, a retired farmer, with his home in Mt. Joy; Samuel, deceased; and Mary. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Catherine Rohrer were John and Anna Heistand. John Heistand was married three times. The maternal grandparents of Mrs. Rohrer were Jacob and Barbara (Lehman) Heistand, also of Lancaster county. In March, 1857, John K. Rohrer was married in Lancaster county, to Mary, a younger sister^ of his first wife. Born to this union were the following children : John, who was a farmer in Osborn, Ohio ; Clinton, who married Fianna Berto, is a farmer in West Hempfield township; Christian, a farmer in Rapho township, who married Lizzie Felker; Da- vid, who married Laura Snyder, and is a carpenter in Pekin, 111.: Frank O., a farmer, who married Irene Hetter; Herman, who married Anna Baker, and is a farmer, and runs a threshing machine, but who resides with his father; Ferris, a farmer in West Hempfield township; Malinda, who married Walter Rutledge, and has her home in Philadel- phia ; and Mabel, wife of John L. Stewart, of Phila- delphia. Mrs. Mary (Heistand) Rohrer was born in East Hempfield township in 1838. She is a good wife and mother, and is beloved for her many excellent qualities. John K. Rohrer remained at home with his par- ents until he was somewhat past his majority, when he established himself on a neighboring farm. There he remained until 1853, when he built the brick house' which was his home until he joined his son in Philadelphia, and established himself in a manner most satisfactory and creditable to him and his family. Mr. Rohrer is a Republican, and is re- garded as a man of character, intelligence and in- tegrity. For some seven years he was a director of the Union National Bank at Mt. Joy, and has ex- ercised a marked influence in the business affairs of this section of the county. His personal integrity is beyond question, and his genial disposition and generous spirit have won him many friends, to whom he is strongly attached. LEVI RISSER (deceased) was born in Mt. Joy township, Lancaster county, March 18, 1847, and died in the same township, June 21, 1888, his remains being put to rest in the cenietery connected with Risser's Church. Joseph and Fanny (Nissley) Risser, his parents, were both natives of Lancaster county. The father died in December, 1896, at the age of seventy-five years; and the mother in 1882, at the age of sixty years. They were members of the Mennonite Church. The following family blessed their home: Levi, whose name appears above; Mary, wife of Levi Ebersole, a retired farmer of Elizabethtown ; Jo- seph, a Mt. Joy township farmer; Anna, deceased, who married Levi Longenecker; Anna, wife of A. Denny, a painter of Elizabethtown; Martin, a Mt. Joy township farmer; Amanda, wife of Benjamin Hersh, a blacksmith in East Donegal, whose biog- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1147 raphy will be found elsewhere; and Amos, a Mt. Joy township farmer. Levi Risser was married in Lancaster, Pa., Nov. 26, 1872, to Miss Amanda Nissley, by whom he had the following children : Norman N. married Sadie Denny, and is now engaged in farming near Eliza- bethtown; Joseph N. married Eliza Root, and is a carpenter and farmer in West Donegal township; Abraham N. is a bookkeeper in Philadelphia; Levi N. is deceased; Clayton N. is a clerk in Philadel- phia : and Ferris and Tillman N. are at home. Mrs. Amanda (Nissley) Risser was born in West Donegal township,' in September, 1854, a daughter of Peter P>. and Elizabeth (Hoffman) Nissley, whose peaceful and well-ordered lives are mentioned elsewhere. The father died on his old home in West Donegal township full of years and honor; the mother passed away in 1859, when only twenty-five years old, leaving behind memories of a devoted wife and a tender mother. Hiram H. Niss- ley, of Elizabethtown, is a half brother of Mrs. Risser. Levi Risser was born and bred a farmer, and followed that occupation all his days, his death be- ing caused by his horse while operating a separator. Until his marriage Mr. Risser resided with his par- ents. When he became the head of a family he es- tablished himself on the farm in the township of Mt. Joy where he was living at the time of his early death. Here he had attained an enviable position in the confidence and esteem of the community, and served as school director for some three years. In politics he was a Republican, and with his wife be- longed to the Mennonite Church. Mrs. Risser is a woman of far more than the ordinary character, and in the rearing of her young family has displayed much wisdom and motherly devotion. When her husband died she moved to a small farm near Elizabethtown, where she remained until 1898, when she moved to an adjoining place, just inside the borough lines. Her ojdest child was fifteen years of age when she was left a widow, and the character, industry and integrity of her children attest the value of the motherhood that has watched over them so wisely and well. JACOB S. SEACHRIST, a retired farmer of West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, was born on his present farm Dec. 18, 1844, a son of Michael and Susan (Seitz) Seachrist, natives, re- spectively, of West Hempfield and Manor town- ships, and descendants of old and highly respected families of Lancaster county. The sisters of Michael Seachrist were: Catherine Garber, Mary Bowers and Mrs. Martin Musser. Michael Seachrist was a substantial farmer, a vocation he followed all his life, and he died on his farm, the present homestead of Jacob S., April 15, 1876, at the age of sixty years, and his remains were interred in Silver Spring cemetery ; his widow, who was born in the year 18 16, now resides with her son. Jacob S. There were born to the marriage of Mi- chael and Susan Seachrist the following family: Miss Anna; Lizzie, deceased; John, deceased; Fanny and Jacob S., both single; Martin, a farmer in East Donegal township, and married to Lizzie Flora ; Mary, widow of Henry Mellinger, of Peters- burg, this county ; and Michael, in the tobacco busi- ness at Columbia, Pennsylvania. " Michael " seemed to be a name inherent to the family of Seachrists,-as that was the name of the father of Jacob S. Seachrist, of his paternal grand- father, and of the male progenitor of the head of each family for five generations prior to the grand- father, or in other words, of seven consecutive generations. 'Phe first Michael of these seven was the' pioneer of the family in West Hempfield township and settled at Silver Spring in 1769. The maternal grandparents of Jacob S. Seachrist were Jacob and Elizabeth Seitz, of whose family mention in full is made in the sketch of C. C. Seitz, to be found elsewhere. To Jacob and Elizabeth Seitz were born the following named chil- dren : John, Tobias, Susan (mother of Jacob S. Seachrist), Henry and Fanny (wife of John Smith), all, save Susan, of Cumberland county. Pa; Leah, who died in 1896, the wife of Joseph Lehman, also deceased; Nancy Doner, now deceased; Benjamin and Jacob, both deceased ; and Lizzie, wife of Chris- tian Garber. Jacob S. Seachrist has a fine farm of 103 acres, but since 1899 has ceased to give it any active atten- tion, having retired from labor to enjoy the re- mainder of his days in the peace and comfort that his early industiry has won for him, and in quiet association with old-time friends. In politics he is a Republican. HENRY B. LANDIS belongs to one of the old and most. honorable county families, his grandfather, Henry Landis, having settled in Upper Leacock township, in Lancaster county, in 1815. In 1836 he purchased the farm where Henry B. now resides and during a long life, devoted his best energies to the development of his land. A quiet, unostenta- tious man, he was a consistent member of the Old Mennonite Chitrch. He married Mary Johns, and their only child was Peter. J., who in turn, became the father of Henry B. Pdter J. Landis was born in Upper Leacock township, on March 3, 1833, and moved to the old homestead when three years of age. His educa- tion was obtained in the public schools of the town- ship, and his life was devoted to agricultural pur- suits. Prior to his father's death he took charge of the farm, operating it until his death, Feb. 9, 1899. He married Martha Barr, a daughter of Christian Barr, who still survives him, in her sixty-ninth year. Six children were born to this union : Martha, who died at the age of two years : Christian B., a car- penter of Lancaster city; Annie A., wife of Joseph Leam_on, of Lancaster county; Mary E., wife of 1148 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Benjamin H. Rohrer, of Upper Leacock township; Dr. Eli B., who died in 1899, and who was a prac- ticing physician in Seoul, Corea ; and Henry B. Henry B. Landis was born on the old homestead where he now resides, Oct. 20, 1861, and he re- mained at home, assisting his father until he was twenty-three years of age, receiving his education in the common schools. He married Miss Mary Groff, of Manheim township,- and after marriage he remained engaged in farming for his father, until the death of the latter, and then purchasing twenty acres of the old homestead has continued to oper- ate this ever since. It is located within two and one- half miles of the city of Lancaster, and here the owner has made extensive improvements, carrying on a large dairy also, and disposing of his products in Lancaster. His land is situated in the very garden of the rich lands of the county, and he carries on general farming with success. Henry B. Landis was reared in the Old Men- nonite religious faith, both of his parents being most worthy members of that religious body, and he also is one of its leading members, and is one of the most highly respected men of this locality. ADx\A/[ S. SHAKER. The business interests of the borough of Ephrata, Lancaster county, are in the hands of careful and capable men, who have studied with good results the different lines of trade in which they are engaged. Among those who, since 1888, have contributed to the comfort and con- venience of the public in this locality, is Adam S. Shafer, the popular grocer, who is well and favor- ably known to almost every resident. Adam S. Shafer was born May 24, 1831, a soh of the late Henry and Margaret (Stober) Shafer, both of Lancaster county, but of German descent; the father of Henry Shafer emigrated from Germany in the early days, and served in the Continental army under George Washington. Adam S. was one of six children born to his parents: Isaac, John, Lavina, Henry, Adam S. and Daniel. He was reared on a farm and received his education in the common schools of Ephrata township, and at the age of seventeen decided to learn the trade of shoemaker at Akron. For more than forty years he continued in the shoe business, but upon removal into the borough, in 1888, he opened up a grocery business which has occupied his attention ever since. Mr. Shafer deals in all kinds of staple commodities and strives to please his patrons, with the result that he has built up a fine trade, using only honest methods and dealing fairly by rich and poor. A man of standing and prominence in the Lutheran Church, he also has the esteem of. the business community. On Jan. 10, 1869, Aadam S. Shafer was married to Miss Elvina Texter, a daughter of Daniel Texter, of Berks county. To this worthy couple have been born four children, of whom one daughter died in childhood ; the others are : Lizzie, who married James Heninger, and has two daughters, Esther and Blanch; Emma, who married John F. Schreck, of Ephrata, and they have four children, Paul, Ralph, John and Lester; and Carrie, who married Jacob Smith, of Philadelphia, and they have one daughter, Pauline. In politics Mr. Shafer adheres to the old Jeffer- sonian principles of the Democratic party. Both he and wife are passing their advancing years in com- fort, esteemed by all, and conscious that they have lived uprightly and set a good example to their posterity. PETER R. NISSLEY, a young and prosperous farmer in the township of East Donegal, was bom on his present farm Sept. 6, 1863, a son of John K. and Maria (Reist) Nissley. His father was born on the adjoining farm, and his mother in the town- ship of Rapho, and both died on the old homestead. John K. Nissley was a prominent farmer in his day, and for nineteen years was president of the Mt. Joy Fire Insurance Co. For six years he served as school director. He died in February, 1898, at the age of sixty-four years ; his wife died in August, 1891, at the age of fifty-four years. They were both laid to rest in the cemetery connected with the Gray- bill Church in East Donegal township. They were members of the Mennonite Church, in which he was a trustee, and they were known as good and honest people, kind neighbors, and good citizens. To them were born : Sarah R., who married Clay- ton Nissley, a farmer in East Donegal township; Maria R., widow of George R. Risser, now living on the old farm ; Peter R. ; Fannie R., who died at the age of eighteen years. Peter and Catherine (Kreider) Nissley, the grandparents of Peter R., were both natives of Lan- caster county, and the former died in East Donegal township, where he spent sixty-five years. For fifty-three years he was a Mennonite minister, and his death occurred in 1890, when he was aged eighty- seven years. His remains are resting in the Gray- bill ' Meeting House cemetery. He was married three times, and had a goodly family of descendants. John and Mary (Brubaker) Reist, the maternal grandparents of Mr. Nissley, were both natives of Lancaster county, and were farming people all their lives. Peter R. Nissley was married Nov. 4, 1886, at the home of his wife's parents, to Harriet E. Garber, by whom he has become the father of the following children: Alice G., John G., Maria G., Hiram G., Esther G., Gertrude G. and Simon P. They are all bright and promising children, and give promise of a useful career in the world. Harriet E. (Garber) Nissley was born in the township of West Donegal, Oct. 24, 1865, a daugh- ter of John S. and Susan (Erb) Garber, both natives of Lancaster county. Her father, who was a farmer and a man of considerable prominence in his day, was a director of the First National Bank at Mari- etta, and served as a school director for many years. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 114& He died in March, 1888, when he had reached the age of sixty-one years, and his remains were in- terred in the Bassler Meeting House burying grounds in the township of West Donegal. Her mother, who was born in 1830, is now residing on the old homestead. To John S. and Susan (Erb) Garber were born the following family : Miss Anna E., who is at home with her mother; Henry E., a farmer in West Donegal township ; Amos E., farm- ing on the old homestead; John E., a farmer in West Donegal ; Miss Katie E., who is at home with her mother ; Mary E., deceased ; Simon E., a farmer in the township of West Donegal ; Harriet E. ; and Samuel E., a farmer in East Donegal township. Mrs. Nissley's paternal grandparents were John and Catherine (Secrist) Garber, both of whom were na- tives of Lancaster county, and are referred to in a sketch elsewhere. Her mother's parents were John and Veronica (Berg) Erb, and are also mentioned in a sketch found elsewhere. Peter R. Nisslcy remained with his parents until he had reached the age of twenty-two years,when he began the cultivation and management of the home farm, and here he has remained until the present time. The farm consists of 112 acres, and is one of the best in the township. Mr. Nissley takes a prom- inent part in commercial and business affairs, and for ten years has been a director of the Mt. Joy Union National Bank. Since the death of his father he has been a director of the Mt. Joy Fire Insurance Co. In his religious connection he is a member of the Old Mennonite Church, and politically he affili- ates with the Republican party. DAVID H. MARTIN. Prominent among the substantial retired farmers of West Earl township, was David H. Martin, a highly esteemed citizen well and favorably known through Lancaster county, who passed away June 14, 1902. He was born in East Earl township, Nov. 3, 1840, a son of David K. and and Leah- (Hoover) Martin, of East Earl township, where the former was a leading farmer. For a period of ten years David K. Martin lived a retired life, prior to his death in 1871, at the age of fifty-eight. His wife passed away in 1858, at the age of forty-three. Both were members of the Men- nonite Church, and they were interred in Weaver- land cemetery, in East Earl township. Their chil- dren were: Nancy, deceased, wife of Amos Wit- mer ; John, deceased ; Martha, widow of John Wit- mer, of West Earl township; Leah, who married H. C. Martin, a retired farmer of East Earl town- ship ; David H., of this sketch ; Joseph, a farmer and preacher in Ephrata township; Israel, a retired farmer of Earl township; Isaac, a farmer of Earl township ; Martin, a farmer of East Earl township ; Elizabeth, who married Amos Martin, of Salisbury township; Mary, who married John Gamber, of Manheim township; Rev. Amos, a farmer and preacher in Brecknock township ; and Levi, who died in infancy. David H. Martin remained with his parents until his marriage, working on the home farm and assist- ing the neighbors through the heavy work of haying and harvesting, but after his marriage he began farming on his own account in West Earl township, where he remained for one year, and then moved upon a farm in East Earl township, cultivating that place for five years. At this time he returned to his West Earl township farm where he spent the years until 1899, when he retired from activity and settled upon his late home. During these years Mr. Martin was very busily engaged outside of farming opera- tions, being chosen to settle up both the estates of his father and that of his father-in-law, attending to this tedious business with efficiency. In politics Mr. Martin was a stanch Republican, and he was honored by his fellow-citizens with offices of trust and responsibility, having served for nine years as township auditor and as school director for a long period. For the last eighteen years he was one of the directors of the Earl Mutual Fire Insurance Co., and for the last fifteen years he held the honorable position of trustee of the Groff- dale Meeting House. On Oct. 29, 1863, Mr. Martin was united in mar- riage in West Earl township, to Miss Elizabeth Wenger, who was born in West Earl township June 17, 1843, a daughter of Benjamin and Anna (Erb) Wenger, natives of West Earl and Manheim townships. The death of Mr. Wenger occurred on his old homestead, in 1872, at the age of sixty-six years ; he had lived without business care for twelve years prior to his death. He was a lead- ing member of the Old Mennonite Church, and for many years was one of its deacons. He was a man of such good understanding that he was continually called upon to settle up estates and to attend to legal business for his neighbors. Hfs wife died in 1879, at the age of sixty-nine years, and both of these worthy and highly esteemed parents lie sleeping in the cemetery at Groffdale. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Wenger were : Rev. Emanuel, deceased ; Joseph, a retired farmer and preacher of Earl town- ship ; Maria, who married Rev. Michael Horst ; Susannah, who married John Musser, and died in 1901 ; Benjamin, a retired miller of West Earl township ; Jacob, a retired farmer of Wayne county, Ohio; Michael, a farmer of West Earl township; Anna, who married Isaac Stoner, a retired farmer of Ephrata township ; Elizabeth, widow of Mr. Mar- tin; Fanny, deceased; Esther, who married first Martin Weaver, and second. Deacon M. W. Nolt, a retired farmer; and Henry, who died in infancy. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Martin were Rev. Joseph and Maria (Horst) Wenger, of West Earl township, the former of whom was a Men- nonite preacher and farmer, who died in 1850, at the age of eighty-four years, at which time he ap- peared to be a man of much less age. Time had treated him kindly, leaving him almost the vigor of youth, and he possessed the sound teeth of a tem- 1150 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY perate and abstemious man, this being a very un- usual occurrence. The maternal grandparents were Emanuel and Susannah (Landis) Erb, of Lancas- ter county, the former of whom died in 1861, at the age of seventy-four years. No children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Martin, but several children found a home with them, one child being reared to maturity, and two others being married under their hospitable roof. In the neigh- borhood, Mr. Martin was esteemed in the highest possible way, and was much beloved, as is his wid- ow, on account of the neighborly kihdness extended to those in trouble or sickness. Although Mrs. Mar- tin has no diploma to testify to her merits as a physi- cian, she is able to point to a number of serious cases which have been in her care, and which she suc- ceeded in curing, when regular practitioners had given the patients up to die. Her presence carries healing with it, her kind and sympathetic heart giving encouragement and help whenever possible. Although she makes some use of medicine, she has methods of her own by which she rarely fails to give ease from pain. ABRAHAM ERB. Perhaps one of the most desirable farms in Lancaster county is the well sit- uated and finely cultivated one of seventy-four fer- tile acres, located just west of East Petersburg, in East Hempfield township, which is owned and op- erated by Abraham Erb, who has become well known as one of the most successful agriculturists of this locality. Abraham Erb was born in Lancaster county, Dec; 19, 1856, a- son of Daniel B. and Catherine (Hernley) Erb, and a grandson of Jacob Erb, who was born May 30, 1800, on a farm located between Lititz and Manheim, in Warwick township, a son of Daniel and Annie (Baumbarger) Erb. Jacob Erb was reared on the farm, and he re- mained a farmer all his life, his death occurring in 1875, in the old home. His wife, Mary (Bucher) Erb, a daughter of Jonas Bucher, was born in War- wick township, in 1808, and died in 1883, both of them having been among the most respected and consistent members of the Old Mennonite Church. Their children were: Eliza, widow of Benjamin Hernley, of near Elizabethtown ; Jonas, a retired farmer of Warwick township ; Daniel B., father of Abraham; Susan, widow of Benjamin H. Stauffer, of the .State of Maryland ; Annie, deceased ; Cath- erin'e, deceased; Jacob B., a farmer of Newton, Kans. ; and Elias, who died in childhood. Daniel B. Erb was born Nov. 26, 1829, and was reared on the old homestead, where he learned to be a good farmer, and he continued to live in Warwick township for a number of years, but in 1872 he re- moved to Washington county, Maryland, and spent four years on a farm near Hagerstown, when he re- moved to East Donegal township, Lancaster county, and for the eleven succeeding years was one of the excellent farmers of that locality. He then moved to East Petersburg, where he has since been engaged in the profession of veterinary surgeon, for the past thirty-five years being engaged in this line. Few in the county have had more experience, and he has been unusually successful, and has saved the life of many a valuable animal for the owner. Since 1890 he has given his entire time to his profession, and his services are in constant demand all over the county. For some time he has been the efficient tax collector of the township, and is serving his second term as such. On Oct. 28, 1 85 1, Daniel B. Erb was married to Catherine Hernley, who was born in Rapho town- ship. May 30, 1832, a daughter of Christian Hernley. They are the parents of five children: Albert, a farmer of Rapho township ; Abraham, a farmer of East Hempfield township ; Mary ; Henry, of Mt. Joy ; and Amos, the foreman of a tobacco warehouse at Rohrerstown. Both Daniel B. Erb and wife are worthy members of the Old Mennonite Church, and are among the most respected citizens of the town- ship. Abraham Erb was reared on the farm and re- ceived excellent instruction as his father was so suc- cessful an agriculturist, and was educated in the pub- lic schools, remaining at home until he had reached his twenty-third year, at which time he began farm- ing operations for himself. Since 1890 he has, in addition to general farming, dealt largely in tobacco, and makes a success of handling the products of the Maryland Fertilizing Company. Abraham Erb was married Oct. 16, 1879, to An- nie G. Herr, a daughter of Daniel H. Herr, who was born in Penn township, and a family of ten children has been born of this union : Elmer, Dan- iel, Abraham, Katie, Emma, David, Rudy, Annie May, Alice and . Mable. The religious connection of the family is with the Old Mennonite Church, where they are highly esteemed. Abraham Erb is a good citizen, and is regarded by the community as a good neighbor, kind friend and one worthy of the highest respect. BENJAMIN L. LANDIS, who entered into rest Aug. 5, 1902, was a successful farmer of East Lampeter township, and belonging to one of the wealthiest and most prominent, as well as numerous, families of Lancaster county. John H. Landis, his grandfather, was an exten- sive farmer in East Lampeter township, and was a leading member of the Old Mennonite Church. His marriage was to a member of the Suavely family, another of the old and prominent ones of the county. They reared a large family, its members being now scattered through many parts of the Union. _ Abram S. Landis, who was the father of Benja- min L. Landis, was born in East Lampeter township, June 2, 1708, and during life was a large and suc- cessful farmer, being also a minister in the Old Mennonite Church. Abram Landis took part in poU BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1151 itics to a limited degree, was a Republican, and served as school director and as supervisor in his township for some years. Abram Landis married Barbara B., a daughter of Benjamin (known as Big Ben) Landis, and they were the parents of ten chil- dren: John L., deceased, was a farmer of East Lampeter township; Barbara L. was the wife of Henry Musser ; Mary Ann was the wife of Joseph Leamon; Anna L. was the wife of John Kreider; Elizabeth L. is the wife of David Leamon ; Esther L. is the wife of Benjamin Groff; Susannah L. is unmarried; Abram died at the age of two years; Benjamin L. ; and Lydia L. is the wife of John Groff. The mother of this family was born Jan. 31, 1799, and died Aug. 7, 1881. Benjamin L. Landis was born Nov. 17, 1837, in the house where he resided at his death, and was educated in the public schools, living at home until his marriage, about his twenty-third year, when he began farming for himself on the old home- stead. Benjamin L. Landis was married first to Fannie Bossier, and eight children were born to this union, two of whom died in childhood, the others were: Abram B., a farmer of East Hempfield township; Anna B., who died unmarried; Fannie B., wife of Abram Huber ; Hettie B., wife of Elam Buckwalter; Lizzie, who died unmarried; and Benjamin F., at home, unm.arried. The mother of this family died Jan. 8, 1890. The second marriage of Mr. Landis was to Mrs. Hettie L. Leamon, and to this union one child was born. May 25, 1896, Bertha K. Landis, a dainty little maid, the pet of the family. Mr. Landis devoted his entire time to farming on the old homestead, this becoming his property at the time of his father's death. It is located on the Horse .Shoe Pike road, two and one-half miles from the city of Lancaster, and contains loi acres of valu- able land, this being one of the most desirable farms of Lancaster county. His death, which was due to a cancer of the stomach, removed from East Lampeter township one of its most highly esteemed citizens. Mr. Landis was a member of the Old Mennonite Church, to which his widow also belongs, and he was one of the most respected and substantial citizens of his township. Few men stood higher than Benjamin Landis in the estimation and respect of his neigh- bors and friends. CHARLES B. STEPHAN, a produce and ice merchant in Elizabethtown, Pa., was born in Rust, Baden, Germany, May 27, 18,56, a son of Bonifaz and Sophie (Schwartz) Stephan, both natives of Rust. The father was a farmer and dealer in coal and potatoes. In his younger days he owned and operated boats on the Rhine, and from 1864 to 1867 he kept the " Ferry Hotel " at Sasbach on the Rhine, in Baden, where he, in connection operated a ferry. He died in his native town in 1877, at the age of fifty-one years. His widow, Sophie Stephan, was a daughter of Johann Schwartz, deceased, also at the time one of the largest land owners of said town. She was born May 15, 1828, and is still living in Rust, Baden. Both parents were born and bred in the Roman Catholic Communion. They had two children : Franziska, who died in infancy ; and Charles B. Samuel Stephan, the paternal grandfather of Charles B., was Mayor of Rust during the Rebellion of 1848, and was a man of more than local import- ance in his active years. He was a large land owner in Rust, and owned several boats on the lower Rhine. He was the first vesselman that passed through the Rhine Gap, at Bingen, on the lower Rhine, after the part passing the celebrated Mouse Tower was made navigable in 1846, for large ships. Under his term as Mayor the Rust Town Hall was built in 1847. He was also one of the few mayors from the south part of Baden, who attended the dedication of the monument at Riegel, Baden, dedicated by the Grand Duke Leopold in commemoration of the Ba- den-Leopold Canal, his name being on the monu- ment with others. He was drowned at Sasbach on the Rhine in 1866, while visiting his son Bonifaz, being taken with a paralytic stroke, and falling over- board in the presence of his grandson, Charles B., then a lad of ten years, whose brave, but fruitless efforts to rescue his grandfather were honored by a diploma from the authorities, who bestowed upon him also a cash sum of ten florin. The presentation of the diploma and money was made by the dele- gated Judge of the District of Breisach am Rhein, in the town Hall of Sasbach, in the presence of the town council and friends in 1866. Charles B. Stephan was married Sept. 23, 1880, to Miss Anna E. Morck (this name is also spelled by some members of the family Marks), who has borne him the following children: Sophie M., An- galina T., Frances M., Charles M. and George L. Mrs. Anna E. Stephan was born June 26, 1854, in Lancaster, a daughter of Frank and Margaretha (Herzog) Morck, who were married in 1850. Frank Morck was born in 1830, in Kreuznach, Rhenish-Prussia, Germany, and came to this coun- try with his parents as a boy. He is now engaged in trucking. Mrs. Margaretha Morck was born in 1836, in .Sandhausen, Baden, Germany. Both Mr. and Mrs. Morck are members of St. Joseph Roman Catholic Church, of Lancaster, Pa. They have the' following children : Anna E., Mrs. Stephan ; Mary ; George, deceased ; Peter and Lena, deceased. Andrew Morck, paternal grandfather of Mrs. Ste- phan, was born in Germany, but came to Lancaster in 1840, and he was one of the founders of the Ger- man St. Joseph Roman Catholic Church, of Lan- caster. Charles B. Stephan attended the town school of Rust for five years; and then entered the higher Citi- zens College at Ettenheim, Baden, where he re- mained for five years. At the age of sixteen he en- tered as a clerk in business houses in Freiburg, in Baden, also in Muehlhausen and Strassburg, in Al- 1152 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY sace, Germany. In September, 1873, he sailed from Bremen, Germany, on the steamer "King Will- iam," and arrived Oct. 31, 1873. During the panic of that fall, he was searching for nearly three months for a position and was finally employed by a Mr. Shloeder, a cigar manufacturer on First Ave., remaining for several months, but he con- cluded to go to Lancaster, Pa., and there in Feb., 1874, he was welcomed by his aunts, Mrs. Frances (Stephan) Hatter and Mrs. Stefan (Stephan) Hauser. Not finding a suitable position in Lancas- ter he engaged in selling notions on the road, travel- ing through Lancaster, Dauphin, York and Lebanon counties. Pa., and parts of Maryland. In 1880, the year he was married, he took charge of a hotel in York, Pa., where he remained for two years, but he determined to return to Lancaster, where he resumed the occupation of a peddler, with a horse and wagon, selling notions, woolen goods, shoes, etc., at the same time trading in poultry, butter and eggs. In 1884 he moved to West Donegal township, where he engaged only in buying poultry, and the next spring he moved to Elizabethtown, locating on Washington street, where he resided until 1887, when he removed to what was formerly the old "Washington Hotel" stand, in the same town, where he remained thirteen years, dealing in produce. In 1890 he built his first ice house and started the first ice delivery for the town. In the fall of 1898 he moved to his present place, where he is eminently successful. His numer- ous teams rnake regular weekly gathering trips among about four hundred farms in this section. He is interested in other places in the same line of business, but especially has he made the egg busi- ness his leader, and he has gained a reputation in New York and Philadelphia markets. Mr., Stephan has established a branch wholesale and retail house in Atlantic City, N. J., dealing under the assumed name of Anchor Produce Co. Through his energy Elizabethtown turned to be the principal produce shipping point between Harrisburg and Philadel- phia. Throtigh his deep interest in advocating and encouraging the egg production, this section got to be the greatest egg-producing section in Pennsyl- vania. He was the first dressed calf shipper to the New York Market between Harrisburg and Phila- delphia, who shipped dressed calves during the hot summer, as well as cold winter — thus beginning an enterprise which has assumed some considerable proportions and has made Elizabethtown its heaviest shipping point. Mr. Stephan began his career in the most modest way, and his present prosperity has come as the di- rect result of his unflagging industry and honest and punctual methods. Mr. and Mrs. Stephan are members of the Ro- man Catholic church, and are active in the work of St. Peter's Parish at Elizabethtown. Mr. Stephan is also a member of the following Catholic Benevo- lent Leagues, of Lancaster, Pa. : St. Peter's and St. Michael's Societies, also Father Grothen- mey Council of the Pennsylvania Catholic League, and the Shiller Death Benefit Association. Mr. Stephan is a Democrat in politics. He encouraged the establishing of a branch of the National Build- ing and Loan Association, of Lebanon, Pa., of which he is second Vice President. DR. ISRAEL A. MILLER, a widely known veterinary surgeon, and now a retired farmer in Colerain township, Lancaster county, was born in Elizabeth township, Lancaster county, in October, 1843, his parents being Moses and Margaret (Ap- pel) Miller. They were both born in Lancaster county, and descended from old and prominent families. The father is still living in the home ad- joining the farm, in Elizabeth township, but the mother died in the summer of 1902. Moses Miller was a son of Leonard Miller, and his wife. Eve, who were both natives of Germany. They made a home in Elizabeth township, where Moses was born and reared. They had a large fam- ily of children, all of whom have long since passed to the Heavenly land. Moses Miller had a family of five children : Mary A., who married Henry A. Dun- mire, of Elizabeth, and diet!, leaving a family of four children : Lizzie, Annie, Susan and Alice; Caroline, who married John Edwards, and lives in Lancaster county, with a family ; Margaret, who married Jacob Jocley, and died, leaving one son, Edward ; Emma, who died when a young girl ; and Israel A. Dr. Miller, the youngest member and the only son of the above family, was reared to manhood on the parental estate, and secured such education as the home schools afforded. Lentil 1875 he was a farmer. That year he took up the study of veterinary sur- gery, and became very successful in that line. This has been his occupation, aside from farming, up to the present time. In 1881 he bought the William Whitman farm in Colerain township, which has be- come one of the finest farms in this section of the county under his able management. Here he has a large brick house, a good barn and all the out-build- ings needed for the successful conduct of this fine place. Dr. Miller was married in 1861 to Miss Annie Koehler, who was born in 1845, a daughter of George and Elizabeth Koehler ; they were born in Lancaster county of German descent. To this happy union have come seven children: Milton, born in 1862, is living on a rented farm in Bart township ; he mar- ried Miss Ella Draucker, and they have four chil- dren : Benjamin, Calvin, Margaret and Harriet. Ella, born in Lancaster county, married Enos Wiker, of Bart township, and has one daughter, Darthy. William F., born in Elizabeth township, married Miss Lizzie Grofl"', of East Drumore township, and lives on the Edwards home, near Quarry ville; they have two children, Ira and Harry. Ada E., born in Lancaster county, married William Phillips, of Phila- delphia, and is the mother of one daughter, Ruth I. James Monroe, born in Elizabeth township married BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1163 Miss Susan Sharp and they have one daughter, Esther. Anna Mary, born in Ehzabeth township, married Robert Montgomery, and has one daughter, Beatrice Irene. Rena Mae, born in Colerain town- ship, is unmarried, and remains at home. Dr. Miller is a Republican, and was supervisor in Elizabeth township. Reared a Lutheran, he is now an attendant upon the services of the Reformed Church. He has been successful and prosperous through his long and busy life, and commands the confidence and respect of his neighbors to an unusual degree. SAMUEL S. ESHLEMAN. Few families of Lancaster county are entitled to more extended men- tion in a representative work than is that of Eshle- man. Some m.embers of this large and prominent family may be found in almost every section of the county, and they are usually among the leading and substantial citizens. Samuel S. Eshleman, of Mt. Joy township, is a farmer of prominence there. He was born Oct. i, 1866, near White Oak, a son of Rev. Daniel M. and Mary (Shank) Eshleman. Rev. Daniel M. Eshleman was born June 18, 1845, m Penn township, Lancaster county, son of Samuel G. and Mary (Minnich) Eshleman. The father died on the old home place in Penn township, in 1847, ^t the age of forty-one years, and was buried in the private cemetery of the Minnich family on the latter's old farm. His widow, the grandmother of Samuel S.. was born in 1815, and still resides in Mt. Joy township. She is a m.ember of the German Bap- tist Church, to which religious body her husband also belonged. Their children were : Samuel, a farmer in Penn township ; Mary, the widow of Abra- ham Miller, of Rapho township ; and Rev. Daniel M., the well-known minister of the German Baptist Church, a man respected and beloved by all who know him. Mrs. Eshleman married Samuel Sherrer after a few years of widowhood, and one daughter was born to them, who is Anna, the wife of Henry Baker, a farmer of Mt. Toy township. Tracing the family ancestry still farther back we find the paternal grandfather to have been Abraham Eshleman, a farmer of Lancaster county, whose wife was a Kray- bill, and on the maternal side the grandparents were Abraham and Maria (Shoemaker) Minnich, also of Lancaster county. Until he was eight years of age, Daniel M. Eshle- man remained with his widowed mother, his father having 5ied when he was two years old. He was then made a member of the family of his uncle, Sam- uel Minnich, with whom he remained eight years, and he then worked around in the neighborhood for dififerent farmers who were ever ready to employ an industrious and sober youth. For two years suc- ceeding his arrival at maturity, he rented farming land, and after his marriage purchased his present farm where he has continued to reside ever since. In 1895 he was ordained a minister in the German Bap- tist Church, and since that time has faithfully per- 73 formed his religious duties, attaching to himself all who come within reach of his convincing instruc- tion. In his earlier years Rev. Eshleman belonged to the Republican party, but does not now take any part in politics. The first marriage of Rev. Daniel M. Eshleman was in October, 1865, in Lancaster, to Mary Shank, and two children were born to this union, namely : Samuel S., of this sketch, and Emma S., who died at the age of nineteen years. Mrs. Esh- leman was born in Penn township, and died in 1882, at the age of thirty-six years, her burial being in Green Tree cemetery. She was a daughter of Jo- seph and Magdalina (Buckwiler) Shank, of Lancas- ter county. The second marriage of Rev. Daniel M. Eshleman was in November, 1883, in Mt. Joy town- ship to Miss .Sarah Eshelman, and four children were born to this union, namely : Salome E., Daniel E., John E., and Sadie E. Mrs. Eshleman was born in July, 1859, in Mt. Joy township, daughter of John and Barbara (Witmer) Eshelman, of Mt. Joy town- ship, the former of whom died in Elizabethtown, in in 1898, aged sixty-five years, and was buried in Green Tree cemetery. For six vears prior to his death he lived retired. His widow, born in 1838, re- sides in Elizabethtown. Both long were members of the German Baptist Church. Their children were: Peter, who is a farmer in Dauphin county; Sarah, who married Rev. Mr. Eshleman ; Samuel, a farmer in Mt. Joy township; Miss Fanny, who resides in Elizabethtown with her mother ; Isaac, a school teacher in Elizabethtown; and Mary, who died at the age of twenty-one years. Mrs. Eshleman's pa- ternal grandfather was Isaac Eshelman, of Lancaster county, whose wife's maiden name was Longenecker, and the maternal grandfather was Christian Witmer, of Lancaster, and his wife was a m.ember of the Culp family. Samuel S. Eshleman was reared on his father's farm and obtained his education in the district schools. When he was about twenty years old he took an enjoyable trip through the West, being from home some nine months. This gave him broader views of life and v/as considerable of an education in itself. The attractions of the great West, however, did not induce him to make his home there, and upon his return he remained on the home farm with his parents for two more years. He then went into the creamery business which occupied him for some nine years, but in igoo he located on his present farm which he has been operating ever since. Mr. Eshle- man is regarded as a model up-to-date farmer and every evidence of capability is shown in his thrifty and attractive surroundings. He is identified with the Republican party, and in religion he belongs to the German Baptist Church. The first marriage of Mr. Eshleman was in 1894, in Mt. Joy township, to Miss Clara Mvers, and to this union two sons were born, Walter M. and David M. Mrs. Eshlem.an was born in East Donegal town- ship, and died Feb. 8, 1897, at the early age of nine- teen years. She was buried in Green Tree cemetery. 1154 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Her parents were David R. and Mary H. (Shoe- maker) Myers, of East Donegal township. The sec- ond marriage of Mr. Eshleman occurred in May, 1898, in Milton Grove, when Mattie Ginder be- came his wife. She was born in Mt. Joy town- ship, daughter of John and Sarah (Eby) Gin- der, of Lancaster, the former of whom was a farmer in this county, and died in 1893 at the age of sixty-one years. His widow, born in 1840, resides in Mt. Joy township. Their children were : Amos, deceased ; Kate, who married Henry Baker, of this township ; Barbara, who married Allen Ober, of Mt. Joy township ; Jacob, a farmer of East Donegal town- ship; Miss Lizzie; Mattie, who married our subject; Andrew, deceased ; Fianna, who married Jacob Mil- ler, of Rapho township ; and John, Nathan, Sadie and Henry, at home. Mr. and Mrs. Eshleman have one son. Earl, a bright and attractive child. As a man of reliability and substance, Mr. Eshleman is highly regarded in his locality. He is a kind neighbor, be- nevolent Christian and first-class citizen. JACOB T. WHITSON. An esteemed citizen of Oak Hill, Little Britain township, is Jacob T. Whitson, who for many years was prominently iden- tified with the mercantile, lumber, grain and coal in- terests of Lancaster county, residing at Christiana, He was born in Sadsbury township, Chester county, Oct. 18, 1830, a son of Moses and Elizabeth (Tay- lor) Whitson, natives of the same county and prom- inent members of the Society of Friends. His grandfather, Thomas Whitson was of English origin, and was born en Long Island, where he lived a con- sistent member of the Society of Friends. Moses Whitson was born Aug. 24, 1798, and he died in 1853. In 1828, he was united in marriage to Elizabeth Taylor, who was born in 1805, and who died in 1844. Their children were: Mary, born March 4, 1829, is the widow of Samuel P. Bailey, of Chester county. Pa. ; Jacob T. ; Anna M., born Oct. 2, 1833, married David Hood, of Chester coun- ty, who died in 1901 ; and Moses, born Jan. 24, 1840, resides in Hagerstown, Maryland. During an honor- able life, Moses Whitson was known as a man of in- tegrity and high character. His ownership of land was large. He resided in Sadsbury township, Ches- ter county, and did much legal business there, in the way of surveying, conveyancing and settling up of estates. Jacob T. Whitson was reared in Sadsbury town- ship, but as stated above he later became a merchant in Christiana. In 1888, he moved into Little Britain township and bought a farm, comprising 245 acres of some of the best land in southern Lancaster coun- ty. This property has recently been purchased of him by his son, Charles S. On March 25, 1863, Jacob T. Whitson was united in marriage to Mary Russell, of Drumore township, and to this union were born four children : Russell T., who is a professor in Peirce's Commercial Col- lege, in Philadelphia; Charles S., who is a success- ful farmer of Little Britain township; Emily, wife of Henry R. Hoopes, a prominent manufacturer of wheels, in Westchester, Pa. ; and Horace G. Mrs. Whitson was a daughter of John N. and Amelia (Kirk) Russell, who were among the early settlers and leading citizens of Drumore township. John N. Russell was born July 3, 1804, and died Dec. 23, 1876. For many years he was identified with the various reformatory and philanthropic enterprises of his section of the State, being a strong anti-slavery man and a tireless worker in the cause of temperance. His efforts brought forth much good, and he was long known as the friend of the poor and oppressed, and was noted for his honesty and truthfulness. John N. Russell was a remarkable man for his times, and many the reforms he advocated are now parts of the laws of the land. In every relation of life he displayed a true Christian character. Jacob T. Whitson is a member of the Society of Friends. His political sj'mpathy has always been with the Reptiblican party, and his influence has ever been in the direction of education and morality. ELMER K. DENLINGER, manager of the Gap Creamery Company, Branch No. 2, at Intercourse, and of a feed and grist mill at the same place, is one of the prominent and enterprising citizens of Lan- caster county who have done so much to promote its best interests. Mr. Denlinger was born in Salisbury township, Lancaster county, Nov. 22, 1864, son of Abraham H. and Mary Catherine Denlinger, both natives of this county, the father born in Leacock township, in 1839, and the mother in Stroudsburg, in 1840. They are now residing in Kinzers, Lancaster county, Mr. Den- linger having retired from agricultural pursuits, to which his active years were devoted. They are members of the Mennonite Church. In his more act- ive years the father was a man of affairs, and long served as school director. To Abraham H. and Mary Denlinger were born the following children: Harry, deceased ; Salome, widow of A. H. Eby, and now living with her parents ; Elmer K., whose name appears above ; Abraham, who lives at Intercourse, and is with his brother Elmer K. ; Daniel, deceased ; Mary, who is at home, unmarried ; John, a farmer of Leacock township ; and Harry, a machinist in Phila- delphia. The parents of Abraham H. Denlinger were Daniel and Margaret (Hershey) Denlinger, of Lancaster county. Elmer K. Denlinger was married Sept. 13, 1888, in Williamstown, to Mary Charles, by whom he has had three children. Harry A., Edith M., and Marion C. Mrs. Mary (Charles) Denlinger was born in Leacock township, March 29, 1866, daughter of Hiram and Hannah (Bowman) Charles, of Lan- caster county. Her father is a retired farmer of Paradise township ; he was born in 1834. Her mother died Feb. 2, 1901, at the age of sixty-seven years. She belonged to the Mennonite Church, with which her husband also unites. They were the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1155 parents of the following children: Abraham, who died at the age of thirty-two years; Susan, who married George Penninger, a farmer of Salisbury township ; Edward, a farmer in Chester county, Pa. ; Flora, widow of Albert Berkie, and living in Earl township ; Samuel, who married Lizzie Rohrer, and is a farmer in Strasburg township; Mary (twin sister of Samuel) , Mrs. Elmer K. Denlinger ; Sallie, who married Harry Latchau, a farmer of Witmer; and Lydia A,, who married J. Milton Kling, a farm- er of Intercourse, and died in 1896, Mr. Kling dy- ing in 1897 (they left a daughter, Lydia, who lives with her grandparents, Isaiah and Martha Kling, at Intercourse). Hiram Charles, the grandfather of Mrs. Mary Denlinger, lived in Lancaster county, as did her mother's parents, Daniel and Susan Bow- man. Elmer K. Denlinger was reared on the home farm, and remained with his parents until his mar- riage, after which event he followed farming in Paradise township until 1898. In that year he came to Intercourse to take charge of the creamery plant, where he has remained up to the present time, alert and attentive to anything that concerns the interest of his patrons, or the prosperity of his employers. In politics he is a Republican, and in religion both he and his good wife belong to the Mennonite Church. In the summer of 1901 he put up an ex- tensive feed and grist mill for himself, and has al- ready secured a very profitable patronage. HENRY J. BESORE, a prominent and suc- cessful saddlery merchant of New Holland, was born March 15, 1844, in Smithsburg, Md., where his parents, David S. and Eliza (Roads) Besore, were conducting a hotel at the time. Later they lived in Franklin county. Pa., where the father taught school and gave singing lessons until in- capacitated by age, and finally established a home in New Holland, where they pased their last days. D. F. Besore, a brother of Henry J. Besore, also lives in New Holland. Henry J. Besore was married Dec. 10, 1867, in New Holland, to Ella R. Darrow, and to this union has been born one child, Mary D., who married Harry K. Storb, member of the New Holland firm of T. M. Storb & Sons, mentioned elsewhere. Mrs. Ella R. Besore was born in New Holland Oct. 11, 1848, daughter of James and Hannah (Leeds) Darrow, botli natives of New Holland, where her father was engaged in business as a shoemaker. He served as township collector of New Holland before the organization of the borough. He died in 1867, when fifty-five years old; his wife passing away in 1876, at the age of sixty-two years. They were buried in the cemetery of the Reformed Church at New Holland, with which organization they had long been associated. They had the following chil- dren: William S., who is deceased; Susan, de- ceased ; Mlary, who married B. F. Bard, of Coates- ville, and is deceased ; Anna, wife of William Shirk, residing in Lancaster; Catherine, deceased; Emma, who married S. S. Ranck, and has her home in East Earl township (her husband is a station agent on the Pennsylvania railroad) ; Ella • R., Mrs. Besore ; Marcus H., a resident of Philadelphia; John H., a horse dealer in New Holland; and James, who died in infancy. Henry J. Besore remained with his parents until he reached the age of fifteen, when he began clerk- ing. When he was eighteen he entered a saddlery shop with Richard Weaver, in New Holland. Dur- ing the Rebellion he served as a musician. When he was thirty-three he set up in business for himself, and has made a substantial position for himself in the business world. He was tax collector for the borough five years. With his family he belongs to St. Stephen's Reformed Church. In politics he is a Democrat. Fraternally Mr. Besore is associated with the J. O. O. F., and the Grand Encampment of that fraternity, the K. of P., the Red Men and the Royal Arcanum. ELI L. LANDIS. Prominent among the pros- perous young farmers of West Earl township is Eli L. Landis, who resides on a most valuable farm, comprising ninety-five acres, desirably located but one mile from the flourishing town of Farmersville. The name of Landis is well known and respected in Lancaster county. Benjamin Landis, grandfa- ther of Eli L., was a native of Manheim township, of German ancestry, and reared a family of eleven chil- dren : Henry L. ; Isaac L. ; Benjamin ; Israel ; Dan- iel ; Anna, wife of Samuel Hershey ; Fianna, wife of Benjamin Garber ; Amelia, wife of Michael Nolt ; Fanny, wife of Samuel Hess ; Elizabeth, wife of John Hess ; and Maria, wife of Levi Getz. Isaac L. Landis, second son of Benjamin, mar- ried Elizabeth Long, of Manheim township, who bore him one son, Levi L. Her life ended early, and for his second wife Isaac L. Landis married, in Manheim township, Miss Susan N. Landis. Five children were born to this union : Noah L., a farm- er of Manheim township ; Milton unmarriecj, also of Manheim ; John L., a farmer of the same township ; Annie, wife of Kudolph Herr, of Manheim; and Eli L. Eli L. Landis was born June 9, 1876, was reared a farmer boy, and ever since finishing his schooling has been engaged in agricultural pursuits. He has been one of the most successful of the young farmers of his locality, his fine place showing the highest de- gree of cultivation and giving good yields. The residence of the family is a fine three-story brick dwelling, which is considered one of the finest coun- try homes in the township, while his great brick barn is the most commodious and imposing in that part of the county. Eli L. Landis was married, Nov. 18, 1897, to Miss Hettie H. Nolt, a daughter of John W. Nolt, who was born April 11, 1878, and is a lady well fitted to adorn the lovely home in which she presides. 1156 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Three children have come to this marriage: John N., born Dec. zj, 1898; Mabel, Aug. 26, 1900; and Harry, Sept. i, 1902. In politics Mr. Landis is a Republican, and he is regarded as one of the rising young men of his locality. His standing is high in the township, as an exemplary husband and father, an intelligent citizen and a consistent member of the Mennonite Church. ISAAC W. HOFFMAN, of Elizabethtown, Lancaster county, is an extensive farmer in that old and populous agricultural region, and also manager, as well as owner, of the Elizabethtown Creamery, one of the model butter making establishments of eastern Pennsylvania. He is also a manufacturer of fine and popular ice cream, which is shipped to all parts of Lancaster and adjoining counties, and in this line alone he carries on a very extensive busi- ness. He has within the last few years erected, be- sides his own dwelling, a number of fine brick houses, which he rents to desirable parties at a very low figure, and as they are very substantial build- ings, fitted up with all the modern conveniences they have added very materially to the growth and beauty of the city. Mr. Hoffman is a great-grandson, on his fa- ther's side, of Jacob and Sophia (Dunkle) Hoff- man, and a grandson of Jacob, Jr., and Catherine (Keizer) Hoffman. On his mother's side, he is a great-grandson of Christian and Christena (Eshle- man) Wolgemuth, and a grandson of Christian, Jr., and Anna (Metzler) Wolgemuth. Mr. Hoffman is a son of John K. and Elizabeth V Wolgemuth) Hoffman, and was born in West Donegal township, Lancaster county, Aug. 3, 1851. John K. Hoffman was born in Rapho township, and his wife in the township of Mt. Joy, Lancaster coun- ty. They moved to Elizabethtown in 1890, to spend their few remaining years, and there the father died March 6, 1898 ; his remains were laid to rest in the Mt. Tunnel cemetery. Both the parents were mem- bers of the Dunkard Church. The mother was born Feb. 26, 1824, and she is now residing with her son Isaac W. John K. and Elizabeth (Wolgemuth) Hoffman, were the parents of seven children, as follows : John, who is a farmer in Londonderry township, Dauphin Co., Pa. ; Anna, who died in September, 1899; Lizzie, who died in infancy; Isaac W. ; Jacob, who died at the age of seven years ; Mary, who is the wife of John Martin, a farmer in the township of West Donegal ; and Matilda, who became the wife of Leander Gantz, a farmer of Mt. Joy township and died Oct. 8, 1901. Jacob and Catherine (Keizer) Hoffman, grand- parents of Isaac W., were both life-long residents of Rapho township and were farming people of standing and character in the community in which they lived. Mr. Hoffman lived to be eighty-eight years old, dying April 2, i88g. Mrs. Hoffman was at the time of her death, in 1885, seventy-eight years, ten months and twenty-eight days old. They were both interred at the Green Tree German Bap- list Meeting House, in Mt. Joy township. These were their children : John K., deceased ; Jacob, also deceased ; Samuel K. a farmer in Mt. Joy township ; Isaac K., of Dauphin county. Pa. ; Nancy, widow of Christ Wolgemuth, of Elizabethtown; Elizabeth, widow of Daniel Witmer, of Elizabethtown; and Catherine, the wife of Levi Kopp, a stone mason of Milton Grove, Pennsylvania. Christian Wolgemuth, Jr., and his wife Anna Metzler, the maternal grandparents of Isaac W. Hoffman, were farming people of Mt. Joy town- ship, and were well-known throughout that part of the county in which they lived. Mr. Wolgemuth died March 17, 1888, aged eighty-eight years, eleven months, and twenty-nine days. Mrs. Wolgemuth died Nov. 18, 1895, at the age of ninety years, one month and fourteen days. Both are interred at the Cross Roads Church, near Florin, Lancaster coun- ty. They were the parents of eight children, three of whom died m infancy, and the others are as fol- lows : the Rev. John, a minister of the River Breth- ren Church, and a retired farmer in West Donegal township : the Rev. David, also a minister of the River Brethren Church, and a retired farmer ; Jane, the widow of Henry Nissley; Mary, the wife of John Kaylor, who is a retired farmer, living at Elizabethtown; and Elizabeth, Mrs. Hoffman. Isaac W. Hoffman was married Oct. 20, 1870, to Miss Susan Hernley, and by this marriage became the father of one child, Amanda, who is at home un- married. Mrs. Hoffman was born in the township of Penn, May 16, 1852, the daughter of Benjamin and Eliza (Erb) Hernley. Her father was born in the township of Rapho, and her mother in Cumber- land county. Pa. Mr. Hernley died Dec. 6, 1887, at the age of sixty-two, and his widow, who is now making her home with her son, Ephraim, has reached the age of seventy-five years. Mr. and Mrs. Hern- ley were the parents of three children, Mary, the wife of Christ Longenecker, a farmer in Mt. Joy township ; Susan ; and Ephraim, a farmer, on the old homestead in Mt. Joy township. Mrs. Hoffman's paternal grandparents were Christ and Mary (Her- shey) Hernley, farming people of Rapho township ; her mother's parents were Jacob and Mary (Buch- er) Erb, farming people of Warwick township. Isaac W. Hoffman remained at home with his parents until he attained the age of nineteen years, when he left home, and began farming for himself on what was known as the old Jacob Hoffman farm, on the cross road leading from the Manheim road to Risser's Mill. After living on this farm one year, Mr. Hoffman purchased it ; he stayed there five years, then sold it and bought another farm on the Harrisburg and Lancaster Pike, near Elizabeth- town. For eleven years he remained at that place, when he sold it and moved to his present home, where he now conducts a very extensive business inL various lines. Mr. and Mrs. Hoffman are both_ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1157 members of the Mennonite Church, and always take an active interest in everything pertaining to the general vkfelfare of the community in which they live. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN SAYLOR, Lan- caster's leading photographer for many years, is known to the community as an honorable man and a reliable tradesman. Henry Saylor, his father, was born in 1796, and Elizabeth Derr, his mother, was born in 1804. Their home was at Trappe, Montgomery county. The father, who was a contracting carpenter, met an accidental death, while at work on his own premises, and the papers of that section gave lengthy accounts of the tragic death of one whom they re- garded as a most worthy and estimable man. This occurred in 185 1, when he was fifty-five years old, Mrs. Saylor dying eight years later, Oct. 12, 1859, at the same age as her husband was when called home. Benjamin Franklin Saylor was born Feb. 24, 1838, and was educated in the public schools of Montgomery county, and left Trappe for Philadel- phia when he was twelve years old. In 1858 he be- came a student of photography at Ninth and Spring Garden streets. In 1865 he came to Lancaster to take charge of the late Charles Eberman's gallery, which he later purchased. This gallery was on the north side of West King street, and in 1882 he bought the building where his residence and gallery are now found on the south side of the same street. It is one of the fine buildings of the block, and con- tains two stores besides the gallery and the resi- dence. Mr. Saylor was married Feb. 23, 1876, to Miss Anna Catherine, a daughter of the late Emanuel Shober, proprietor of stage and mail routes in Lan- caster county before the railroad and trolley line. He had a hotel at the corner of North Queen and Orange streets, a popular and familiar establishment with the traveling public. This property is now in the hands of the Y. M. C. A. Mr. Shober, who died in 1869, was the owner of two paper mills, one at Eden, and the other at Slackwater. He is known in history as the pioneer paper manufacturer in this sec- tion of the country. To Mr. and Mrs. Saylor were born the following children : Paul, who died of diphtheria, aged one year; Benjamin Franklin, Jr., now employed at the freight station of the Pennsyl- vania railroad : and Carl Frederick, telegraph opera- tor for the Pennsylvania railroad. Mr. Saylor's an- cestors were German ; their religion was that of the Lutherans, and he and his wife are members of the same church. He has served at various times as ves- tryman, warden and elder, as well as assisting in the choir for fullv thirty years. Ever since his arrival in Lancaster he has served in the Sunday School. Mr. Saylor was among the promoters of Christ and Grace Lutheran Churches, children of Old Trinity, and in the early history of Grace Church, was choir- master, secretary of the Church Council, and Super- intendent of the Sunday school. Mr. Savior is a charter member of the Lamberton Lodge of Ma- sons, and a member of the Council, Chapter and Knights Templars. He became a member of Franklin Lodge, No. 5, I. O. O. F., of Phila- delphia, in 1859. Apart from his devotion to his family and his art, Mr. Saylor finds delight in hunting, and yearly makes hunting excursions with Dr. Miles L. Davis into the wilds in search of health and strength. Mr. Saylor has finely mounted specimens of the deer family in his commodious home, which are trophies of his many hunting expeditions. A bear-skin rug attests his prowess in the pursuit of big game, and his reputation in that line of adventure in this com- munity is favorably regarded by his fellow sports- men. Mr. Saylor is a fine conversationalist, and his narrations of forest life are as interesting as in- structive. His political views are staiichly Repub- lican, first, last and always, though he has never sought or held any position of political complexion, pursuing by preference the various demands of his professional calling, and the duties and privileges of an everyday citizen. PETER ESBENSHADE, the progenitor of the Esbenshade family in Lancaster county, was of German ancestry, having been born near Bingen on the Rhine. With two brothers he emigrated to America and settled in Lancaster county, where he worked at his trade of shoemaking. Prospering, he purchased a farm in Paradise township, on which he settled, taking up the tilling of the soil. He mar- ried Mrs. Elizabeth (Howry) Lefever, and reared a family of four sons, Henry, Jacob, David, and Jo- seph. Peter Esbenshade was a man of strong char- acter and sturdy honesty, and throughout life com- manded the respect and confidence of the people of the community in which he lived. He and his wife are buried in the Strasburg Mennonite burying ground. Joseph Esbenshade, the youngest son of Peter, was born June t, 1809. In his youth he attended the public schools, and for a time the high school of his native township. He was a man of tireless energy and resolute purpose. Intelligent to a marked de- gree, and having made his name synonymous with integrity and honor, he occupied a unique position in the township and in a wider circle. Joseph Esben- shade was markedly averse to speculation, and made the large fortune he possessed by upright legitimate business methods. His kindness to and fondness for animals endeared him to all who came in contact with him. He never sold a horse. Once in his pos- session, the anim.al remained his property until its death. Joseph Esbenshade married Dec. 17, 1839, EHz- abeth Cassel, only child of Henry and Barbara Cas- sel. Mrs. Esbenshade was born Oct. 8, 1820, and died March 30, 1897. Mr. Esbenshade died Jan. 24, 1158 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1897, at the ripe old age of eighty-seven years. The remains of both these faithful servants of God re- pose in the old burying ground at Mellinger's Meet- ing House, near the old family home, both having been members of the Mennonite Church and at- tendants at Mellinger's Meeting House. Their chil- dren were three in number, namely: Henry C, Eliza A. and Joseph H. Henry C. Esbenshade was born on the home place, and followed the life of the farm until, on Sept. 3, 1861, he answered his country's call for de- fenders by enlisting in Battery E, ist Pa. Artillery. He served as corporal with distinction and marked gallantry for eighteen months, when, his health hav- ing been undermined by the privations and hard- ships of military service, he was granted a furlough that he might return to his home. He never re- gained his strength, and on April 17, 1863, he an- swered the final roll-call and was gathered to his fathers. Henry C. Esbenshade never married, and his remains lie buried at the same spot where rest his father and mother. Eliza A. Esbenshade was married, on Nov. 27, 1874, to George L. Buckwalter, and died Nov. 25, 1878, without children. Joseph H. Esbenshade was born Dec. 17, 1857, on the home farm, which is now owned by him, and where he resides with his wife and daughters. In common with most boys of his neighborhood he at- tended the schools of his township, and he proved an apt and studious pupil. In November, 1877, he en- tered Eastman's Business College, at Poughkeepsie, N. Y., intending to take a full course at that insti- tution, but ill-health caused him to return home, where, when twenty years of age, he assumed the heavy responsibilities of the management of his father's farms. From that time on he devoted him- self to the care of his parents, who had been bereft of their other children, and in the shadows of the evening of their lives was the mainstay and comfort of his father and mother. To the conduct of his large farming and business interests Mr. Esben- shade has brought strong native intelligence, sound business sense and a high sense of fidelity to every trust. He is widely known as one of the leading farmers of Lancaster county, following his father's practice of avoiding speculation, and devoting all his energies to straight business and agricultural problems. In January, 1900, Mr. Esbenshade was elected a director in the Lancaster County National Bank, a widely known financial institution, and there his business training serves to make him one of the best known members of the board. Polit- ically Mr. Esbenshade is a Republican ; he has never sought office. On Oct. 27, 1881, Mr. Esbenshade married Miss Mary E. Hess, whose father, Daniel Hess, is a prom- inent resident of Martinsville, Lancaster county. Two daughters have come to them : Annette, born in 1883 ; and Eliza, born in 1889. Widely known in the county, the several mem- bers of the Esbenshade family have uniformly stood for solidity, and their broad expanse of acres, all in a high state of cultivation, is pointed out as being made up of model farms. ADAM V. WALTER, M. D. Among the lead- ing and successful practicing physicians of Lancas- ter county stands prominent the gentleman whose name here appears. The Doctor is of German de- scent, and of the third generation of the family in America, his paternal grandfather having come from the Fatherland and settled in Lancaster coun- ty. Pa., near the Lebanon county line. Isaac Walter, father of Dr. A. V., was born Sept. 9, 1845, near Reamstown, Lancaster county, and is now a prominent farmer of Bowmansville, Lancas- ter county. In 1870 he married Emma Von Neida, who was born Oct. 18, 1852, in Bowmansville, a daughter of Henry and Sarah Von Neida, natives of America, and children as follows were born to them : Adam V., sketch of whom follows ; Charles, born Jan. 14, 1873, who is farming the homestead along with his father ; and Henry, born Feb. 7, 1879, at present a student at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia. Adam V. Walter was born March 19, 1871, at Bowmansville, Lancaster Co., Pa., was reared on the home farm and received his education at the com- mon schools and at the Millersville State Normal. At the age of seventeen years he commenced to teach school, and when nineteen years old he entered Jef- ferson Medical College, Philadelphia, from which institution he graduated with second honors on a thesis written on the practice of medicine, and re- ceived a gold medal for merit. In the fall of 1895 he commenced the practice of medicine at Brownstown (now West Earl), Lancaster county, and though yet a young man he has, by his skill and ability, suc- ceeded in securing an enviable position in the pro- fession. On Oct. 13, 1894, Dr. Walter married Miss Sue Etta Snader, daughter of William D. Snader, a well-known farmer of East Earl township, and one daughter, Luella, born April 13, 1896, has brought another ray of sunshine to the home. In his political preferences Dr. Walter is a Re- publican, and in religious belief he and his wife are members of the German Reformed Church. The Doctor is a man of scholarly attainments, broad- minded and progressive in his views, and an intelli- gent and esteemed gentleman, whose affable and courteous manner has won for him hosts of warm friends among his wide circle of acquaintances. BENJAMIN GOOD, who has occupied his present fine farm in Pequea township for over thir- ty-five years, belongs to a family which has been identified with agricultural pursuits in Lancaster county for many years. Jacob Good, his father, was born in Lancaster county, and lived and died here. He remained at BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1159 home tintil he was about thirty years of age, work- ing a.t distilling and farming. He then began farm- ing for himself in Pequea township, and continued thus until his death. Although he received very limited education, he was quite successful in life, and accumulated quite a large amount of farm prop- erty. He was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. Mr. Good married Miss Maria Gocha- naur, of Lancaster county, and they became the par- ents of twelve children, six sons and six daughters : Christian, of Pequea township; Jacob, of Pequea township; Benjamin, our subject; Simon, of Prov- idence township; Amos, of Lancaster county; Mi- chael, of Pequea township ; Elizabeth, wife of Ben- jamin Kreider; Mary, deceased wife of Jacob Krei- der ; Annie, wife of Jacob Harnish ; Susan, deceased wife of Martin. Eshleman ; Martha,wife of John Ris- sell ; and Fannie, deceased, wife of Frank Weaver. Benjamin Good was born July 29, 1834, in Pe- quea township, and was educated in the local public schools. He lived at home until he reached the age of twenty-five years, and when he began life for himself did general work for two years. He then farmed for two years for Samuel Hess, of Pequea, after which he purchased and moved to the place where he now resides. His integrity and industri- ous habits have won him universal respect. Mr. Good takes a hearty interest in all that concerns the welfare of his township and county. In religion he is a member of the Old Mennonite Church. Benjamin Good has been twice married, his first wife being Miss Susan Kling, of Pequea, who died Nov. 18, 1869, the mother of four children, namely: Amaziah ; Jacob ; Elizabeth K., wife of Solomon H. Good ; and Benjamin, deceased. On Aug. 12, 1893, Mr. Good married for his second wife, Annie (Herr) Hiney, widow of Marcus Hiney, and to this union has been born one child, Susan; OWEN CRAMER. Among the successful and well-known citizens of Bethesda, Pa., is Owen Cra- mer, who for twenty years has been a reliable painter and carpenter in this locality, as well as the owner and operator of a small farm in Martic town- ship. Mr. Cramer began life with small means, but honest and patient endeavor, combined with indus- try and ability, have generously rewarded him. He was born Dec. 28, 1849, a son of Samuel and Susan (Bellamy) Cramer. Samuel Cramer was a farmer of Martic town- ship, born Dec. 5, 1815 ; he died Aug. 4, 1885. He was a son of John and Mary (Phite) Cramer, na- tives of Lancaster county but of German parentage. The children of John Cramer were: Christopher, David, Samuel, John, Elizabeth, Anna, Mary, Susan and Abigail, all of these having passed away except Susan and Abigail. To the marriage of Sam- uel Cramer and Susan Bellamy, in 1841, were born six children: Mary, the wife of Jacob Foltz, of the city of Lancaster; Lewis, of Martic township; Owen ; Thomas, also of this township ; Regina, the wife of Abraham Isenberger, of Martic township, and Margaret, also a resident of this township. Owen Cramer grew up on the farm apd attended the public schools. His inclinations led him into learning the carpenter's trade in all its branches, and for twenty years he has been a very reliable and highly regarded workman in the line of painting, carpentering and contracting, his skill being always in demand. Mr. Cramer was married on Dec. 7, 1882, to Miss Elmyra Sides, of Martic township, who was born on Jan. 31, 1844, a daughter of Jacob and Re- becca (Neal) Sides. One daughter has been born to Mr. and Mrs. Cramer, Carrie R., born on April 5, 18S5. Mrs. Cramer's brothers and sisters were : Grizzell, deceased; Mary, deceased; Clarkson, de- ceased ; James, deceased ; Jacob, of Martic town- ship ; and Rebecca, the wife of Joseph Harner. The family is one of the old and well-established ones of this county. Both Mr. and Mrs. Cramer are con- sistent and valued members of Bethesda Methodist Church, to which they contribute generously and are active in its charitable enterprises. In politics Mr. Cramer is a Democrat. In public estimation this family is highly respected as worthy representatives of two of the leading families of Martic township. ABRAHAM L. HERSHEY, painter and to- bacco raiser, who resides at Silver Spring, Lancas- ter county, was born in Rapho township, in- the same county, March 25, 1845, son of Jacob H. and Susan (Long) Hershey, of Rapho and East Hemp- field townships, respectively. Jacob H. Hershey, who now resides in Silver Spring, was born Oct. 4, 181 7, and was reared to farming. He was a very public-spirited citizen, in politics was one of the original Abolitionists of the State, and afterward .became a Republican. For twenty )''ears he was president of the Penn Mutual Fire Insurance Co., and was a director from 1865. Mrs. Susan (Long) Hershey died in West Hemp- field township Oct. 16, 1898, at the age of seventy- seven years, and was buried in Silver Spring ceme- tery. To this worthy couple were born the lollowing children : Amelia, deceased wife of Rev. L. H. Shenk, a Mennonite clergyman of Rapho township ; Washington, ex-member of the State Legislature from Marietta ; Abraham L., subject of this review ; Webster, a farmer and former teacher of East Hempfield township ; Benjamin, farming on the old homestead ; Horace, who died in 1864, at the age of sixteen years; and Franklin, who _ died in infancy. Abraham L. Hershey was married May 30, 1869, in Lancaster, to Miss Fanny Mellinger, and there have been born to this union the following family: Anna L., deceased wife of Henry Eicker; Minnie M., married to David Baker, a railroad man at Columbia ; Salem L., a mail carrier of Phila- phia, married to Florence Huber, of Silver Spring ; Bertha C, wife of Samuel Little, foreman in the Lancaster Silk Mill ; Florence F., wife of David W. 1160 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Newcomer, a railroad fireman of Columbia; Mel- ville E., deceased; and A. Garfield, still under the parental roof. Mrs. Fanny (Mellinger) Hershey was born in Manor township, Lancaster county, Aug. lo, 1848, daughter of Martin and Anna (Rauffman) Mellinger, of Manor township, both of whom died in West Hemp field township — ^the father in 1 888, when eighty-eight yfears old, and the mother in 1876, at the age of seventy-one. Both were mem- bers of the Mennonite Church, and the remains of both are interred in the Kahler cemetery. To this couple the following large family were born : John deceased; Magdalena, wife of Jacob Frye, of Han- over, Pa. ; Martin and Christ, deceased ; David, a farmer in Refton, Lancaster county ; Anna, widow of Joseph Hinkle : Elizabeth, wife of Christ Mus- ser, a farmer; Benjamin, deceased; Abraham, bag- gage master at Columbia ; Jacob, deceased ; Henry, roll gatekeeper at Silver Spring ; and Fanny. Mr. Hershey has ten living grandchildren. One, Fan- ny M. Eicker is deceased. The others are Leon Paul Eicker (who lives with our subject) and Ches- ter Hershey Eicker, sons of Annie ; Salem Leon Baker, Ida M. Baker and Fanny F. Baker, children of Minnie; William E. Hershey and Abraham E. Hershey, sons of Salem ; Osmond W. Little and Hershey M. Little, .sons of Bertha; and Garfield H. Newcomer, a son of Florence. Abraham L. Hershey left his home March 7, 1864, and enlisted in Co. D, 2d P. V. C, being trans- ferred to Co. G. He participated in the battle of the Wilderness, Sheridan's raid, Spottsylvania Court House, Cold Harbor, Old Church, and at Charles City Cross Roads was captured by Wade Hampton's cavalry, June 24, 1864, and imprisoned in Libby, Andersonville, Thomasville and elsewhere until 1865, when he was released. On his return home he attended the Millersville Academy several terms, then taught school fourteen terms, and next en- gaged in the coal business at Silver Spring, where he was appointed by the Philadelghia & Reading Railway Co. as ticket and freight agent and tele- graph operator from 1872 to 1888, and then began painting, farming, etc. In politics Abraham L. Hershey is a Republican. He has been elected justice of the peace for three consecutive terms, and has been a member of the school board for the past six years. He is also a notary public. Fraternally he is a member of the G. A. R., the O. U. A. M., A. O. K. of M. C, and I. O. R. M. Both as a business man and as an official Mr. Hershey has won the unfeigned esteem of all his associates and personal acquaintances, and socially his family mingle with the best people of Lancaster county. HENRY HOFFMAN, manufacturer of .shirts and half hose, at Ephrata, Lancaster county, was born March 7, 1847, ^ son of David and Katherine (Eberly) Hoiifman, the former of whom was a highly respected farmer of Brecknock township, a son of Baltzer Hoffman, a farmer also. David Hoff- man and wife reared these children : Susan, born in 1840 ; David, born in 1842 ; Salinda, born in 1845 ; Henry, born in 1847 > Israel, born in 1849 ; Samuel, born in 1850 :William, born in 1852 ; Elizabeth, bom in 1854, and Kate, born in 1856. David Hoffman was born in 1808, and married Katherine Eberly in 1S39. In early youth Henry Hoffman felt the priva- tions which prevented his attendance at school, as even then he was obliged to look out for himself to a great extent. It redounds all the more to his credit that the years have worked so great a change in his financial position, as it required the exercise of many admirable traits in order to accomplish it, and to re- tain the esteem of his fellow-citizens, as Mr. Hoff- man has done. P'or a time he worked on a farm, as a day laborer, but always self-respecting, and in the course of time accumulated enough means to enable him to purchase a small farm. This he later sold and bought a still larger one, and still later opened up an ice business, extending his energies to take in a grocery and confectionery, and succeeding so well that in 1893 he was able to build a shirt factory. Possessed of tireless energy, Mr. Hoffman sees busi- ness opportunities very quickly, although he is noted lor his good judgment also. Into his factory he is putting a number of knitting machines which will increase its usefulness very materially. Mr. Hoff- man has added much to the industrial activity of the neighborhood and is justly considered one of its best citizens. In 1867 Mr. Hoffman was married to Miss Sarah Trago, a daughter of Eli Trago, and both he and his estimable wife possess the respect and esteem of the community. JOHN H. OSTERTAG. The most successful business men, with few exceptions, are those who in their younger days have by slow and patient steps learned the details of their occupation. Not all good mechanics rise to the possession of an excellent busi- ness of their own, but most influential merchants and manufacturers have served long and faithful ap- prenticeships. John H. Ostertag is one of the most prosperous and highly esteemed citizens of Colum- bia. He has earned his position, having chosen his field of labor and won its laurels by his own exer- tions. As a furniture dealer and undertaker he lanks high among the business men of his city,, hav- ing the finest establishment of its kind in the town, if not in the county. Mr. Ostertag was born in West Hempfield town- ship, Lancaster county, Jan. 5. 1857, son of Andrew and Eva M. (Hettinger) Ostertag. The father, a native of Baden, Germany, is one of those sturdy emigrants whose settlement in America has afforded many examples of sterling citizenship, worthy of emulation. At the age of twenty-five Andrew Os- tertag came to the United States and settled in Penns)'lvania, purchasing a tract of land in West BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1161 Hempfield township, Lancaster county. There his capacity for enlightened agricultural labor was qtiickly demonstrated, and he attained to the pos- session of a most admirable estate, operating same until 1894, when he retired and moved to Columbia. In politics he is a Democrat; in religion he holds stanchly to the I-utheran faith — the faith of his fore- fathers. To him and his wife were born four chil- dren, of whom two survive. John H. and Andrew M., a younger brother. The latter is a cabinet- maker by trade, and is foreman in the furniture es- tablishment of his brother. The boyhood of John H. Ostertag was very much like that of most farmer boys of his time and place. There was upon the farm an abundance of hard work awaiting the industrious, and John H. was not lacking in application. His education he re- ceived in the district schools, and at the age of fif- ten years he began to work out on farms at $10 per month. A little later he entered the Chestnut Hill ore mines,* where he worked for $1 per day until he was eighteen years old. The advantages of a trade impressed themselves upon the ambitious mind of the young and willing laborer, and he accordingly began an apprenticeship at the trade of cabinetmak- ing, at which he continued faithfully three and one- half years. For a short time he returned to farming, but in weighing the advantages and prospects the trade won, and he resumed work as a cabinetmaker at Littlestown. He received good wages, and had the prudence to save a portion of them, with such good results that in January, 1882, at the age of twenty-five years, he was enabled to establish him- self in business as a furniture dealer and undertaker in Columbia. This business he carefully nurtured and extended until he owned and managed one of the best equipped and most extensive houses in his line in the city, later adding a full line of carpets, and taking orders for cabinetmaking. In 1882 Mr. Ostertag married Mary Westerman, and their family consists of six children: Charles A., Harry C, Celia A., John W., Mary M. and Will- iam R. Mr. Ostertag and his family are active members of the Lutheran Church, of which for many years he has been a liberal supporter. In pol- itics he is an ardent Democrat, especially in State and National affairs. He is particularly prominent in fraternal societies, holding membership in Lodge No. 286, F. & A. M., Columbia, of which he is past master; Corinthian Chapter, No. 224, R. A. M., of which he is past high priest ; Cyrene Commandery, No. 34, K.T., of which he is past commander ; Rajah Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. ; and Harrisburg Con- sistory, 32 degree. He also affiliates with Lodge No. 20, of the Artisans Order of Mutual Protection. Mr. Ostertag takes special interest in everything pertaining to the Masonic fraternity, and is an au- thority on all its various organizations. In business connection Mr. Ostertag is identi- fied with the Funeral Directors Association, having served as president of the Pennsylvania State Or- ganization two years, and is a prominent member of the Retail Merchants Associaton of Columbia, hav- ing served as president thereof. He is also a mem- ber of the board of managers of the Columbia Hos- pital, and has served one term as president of the board. As a parliamentarian Mr. Ostertag is con- ceded to be without a superior in the town, and has an equally high reputation as a debater. His char- acter is above reproach, his inherent integrity and energy of purpose winning for him an enviable posi- tion among the business men of Lancaster county. ABRAHAM Z. WITMER, who carries on gen- eral farming on the old family homestead, in Mt. Joy township, is a well-known and highly esteemed cit- izen. He was born on an adjoining farm. May 5, 1.849, son of John B. Witmer and brother of D. Z. Witmer, of Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania. Although Mr. Witmer was not born on his pres- ent farm, he has spent the greater part of his life here, being but two years old when his father lo- cated upon it, and he lived here until his marriage at the age of twenty-two years. With his young wife he removed to a property in Rapho township, upon which they lived for two years, and then returned to Mt. Joy township. Mr. Witmer then located upon a farm near Anchor, and remained there fifteen years, and then spent one year in West Donegal township. In 1884 he returned to the old farm, and since then has turned his attention to its successful operation. In politics Mr. Witmer is a Republican. He is a member in the German Baptist Church, and one of its most liberal supporters. On Oct. 9, 1870, Mr. Witmer was united in mar- riage with Miss Lizzie G. Nissley, and to this union were born three children, namely : Hiram N., a farmer, who married Amanda P. Reist, and their little family consists of Stella, Earl, Anna and Mary ; Anna N., who married John L. Heisey, a merchant in Elizabethtown, and their children are, Abraham, Samuel and Ferris ; and Miss Sadie N., at home. Mrs. Witmer was born April 11, 1853, in West Donegal township, daughter of John H. and Anna (Gish) Nissley, of Mt. Joy and Rapho townships, respectively. The former was a farmer who died at his home in West Donegal township, Oct. 6, 1867, ^t the age of forty-six years, and was buried in Chiques Hill cemetery. The mother of Mrs. Witmer was born May 21, 183 1, and resides with her only daugh- ter, Mrs. Witmer. The family is an old and honor- able one in Lancaster county, on both the paternal and maternal sides. The maternal great-grandpar- ents were Abraham and Anna (Eshleman) Gish, of Lancaster county. The grandparents were Jacob and Maria (Hollinger) Gish, of Rapho and West Hempiield townships, respectively. Grandfather Gish died Dec. i, 1872, aged seventy-two years, eleven months and sixteen days. . Grandmother Gish followed him Feb. 19, 1888, aged eighty-three years, eleven months and twenty-seven days, and their re- 1162 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY mains lie in Chiques Hill cemetery. They were members of the German Baptist Church. Their chil- dren were : Abraham, who died at the age of fifty- one, unmarried; Isaac, deceased, who married Eliz- abeth Witmer, sister of our subject; Barbara, who died in infancy; Anna, who married John H. Niss- ley ; George, deceased, who married Elizabeth Doh- ner; Catherine, deceased, who married Samuel L. Grofi ; Jacob, an undertaker, in Omaha, who died in 1878; Mary, who married Henry Swartz, a pump manufacturer in Manheim ; and Elias, who is in the undertaking business in Orriaha. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Witmer were Henry and Elizabeth (Hershey) Nissley, of Mt. Joy and Penn townships, respectively. They died in West Donegal township, but were buried in Mt. Joy township. Their children were: Henry A., Chris- tian A., Isaac H. and David H., all deceased; Abra- ham H., a retired farmer of Mt. Joy township; Mary H., deceased wife of Abraham Risser ; Eliza- beth A., widow of Jacob Shank, of Dauphin county ; and John H., the father of Mrs. Witmer. STEPHEN JONES. When a youth of seven- teen Stephen Jones, now a prosperous and prom- inent agriculturist of West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, left the farm of his parents in York county and began for himself a career in the adjoining county to the East. It is remarkable that he has ever since been located on the same farm, the fertile and well tilled property he now owns, and that the three successive stages of farm laborer, ten- ant and owner mark his progress. For four years, or until he attained his majority, he worked on the farm. Then, in 1880, he leased the property, contin- uing as a tenant for three years, at the' expiration of which period he purchased the place, which he has ever since continued to cultivate most successfully. Stephen Jones is of Scottish extraction. His great-grandfather, Robert Jones, emigrated from Scotland and settled in Trenton, N. J. Thence Rob- ert, son of the emigrant, and the grandfather of Ste- phen, moved to York county, where he and his wife Catherine reared a family and engaged through life in farming. Henry Jones, son of Robert and father of Ste- phen, was born in York county about 1818, and was there a lifelong farmer. He married Elizabeth Hou- seal, who was born about 1822, daughter of John and Catherine Houseal, residents of York county, where the father followed the vocation of hatter. Henry Jones died in February, 1900, aged eighty- two years, his wife passing away in 1889, aged six- ty-eight years. She was a member of the Evangel- ical Church. To Henry and Elizabeth Jones were born the following children: Henry, who died in infancy : John, who died young ; Elizabeth, who died young; Maggie, wife of Henry Puff, a farmer of York county ; Amanda, widow of John Fowler, of Lancaster county; Robert, a farmer of York coun- ty; Ellen, wife of Benjamin Woods, of York coun- ty ; Sarah, wife of Jacob Howard, a farmer of York county; Stephen, whose name appears above; Da- vid, of York ; Mary, wife of Peter Elfiner, a farmer of York county ; and James, a farmer and painter of York county. Stephen JoUes was born in York county May 15, 1859, and received a good common-school education in his native locality, but as he started out in life for himself comparatively early his education has been mainly of a practical character, won by experience and observation. For his first wife Stephen Jones married, in 188 1, in West Hempfield township. Miss Emma Sterline, who was born in New York City. One child blessed this uniqn, Mary S., now at home. The wife and mother died in October, 1897, and for his second wife Stephen Jones married, Feb. 21, 1899, Miss Elizabeth Wittel, a native of Lancaster county, a daughter of John and Susan (Gallagher) Wittel. In politics Mr. Jones is a Democrat. He is prominent in fraternal circles as a member of the Knights of Malta, Patriotic Order Sons of America, and the Mystic Chain. He is a substantial citizen of his section of Lancaster county, and stands high in the estimation of his many friends and acquaint- ances. DANIEL H. MELLINGER, a well known and highly respected farmer residing near Central Ma- nor, Lancaster county, was born Dec. 21, 1844, near Safe Harbor, this county, son of Dr. Henry and Anna (Hertzler) Mellinger. He was reared a farmer, and was educated in the public schools. On Feb. 25, 1883, Daniel H. Mellinger married Cath- erine Musser, and in March following they settled on the farm of twenty-nine and one-half acres which they now occupy, and on which Mr. Mellinger had been living about two years prior to his marriage, with his brother and sister. However, he is now sole owner of the farm, and has added twenty and one- half acres to the original tract. To the marriage of Daniel H. and Catherine (Musser) Mellinger have been born six children, of whom Anna died June 23, 1891, at the age of seven years, five months, three days ; Susan M., was born April 13, 1886 ; John M., July 2, 1888 ; Henry M., Nov. 13, 189T ; Daniel M., Aug. 7, 1894; and Elmer M., March 28, 1898. The parents are members of the River Brethren Church. Mrs. Mellinger's father and mother, John and Susan (Stoner) Musser. died, respectively, in 1875, at fifty-six years of age, and in January, 1864, at the age of forty-four years. The father was a farmer of Mountville, West Hempfield township, and died in the faith of the River- Brethren Church, respected by all who knew him. The Musser family consisted of nine children, viz: Abraham and Isaac, deceased; Annie, deceased, wife of Christian Seagrist; Chris- tian, residing near Columbia ; Amos, deceased ; Ja- cob, a farmer near Mountville ; John, also a farmer near the same place ; Susan, of Manor township ; and Catherine, Mrs. Mellinger. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1163 EUSEBIUS K. HERSHEY, a prominent and successful agriculturist of Manor township, is a representative of an old and honored family of Lan- caster county. Abraham Hershey, his grandfather, was born near the city of Lancaster, and about 1800 located on a farm one-half mile from Creswell, where his chil- dren were born. He was a man of considerable note, being a great singer and a minister of the United Brethren Church, and one of the chief pro- moters of the church in this county. For many years church services were held in his own home, which was large, having been erected by him with that end in view. He was widely known, and was often called upon to conduct funerals many miles from his home. He was a great student of current and historical events, being well posted on events in this country and also on foreign affairs. He was noted for his good works, and was particularly active in helping new arrivals in Lancaster county. He was prominently identified with the common-school movement which culminated in the adoption of the common-school law in 1834. He was an intimate friend of Gov. Ritner, being frequently a guest of the family, and when the Act of 1834 was attacked in 1836, and pressure brought on Gov. Ritner to veto the new bill drawn by W. H. Burrowes, Mr. Her- shey urged his friend, the Governor, with all his persuasive eloquence, to sign the bill which gave to rich and poor alike that priceless heritage — a chance to get a common-school education. It was the po- litical death of Ritner, but he always thereafter held his plain old friend in the highest esteem for aiding him, by his counsel, to stand firm for a measure which was so bitterly opposed, yet gave the Gov- ernor lasting fame. Abraham Hershey wedded Mary Herr, and to them were born twelve children, as follows : Eliza- beth, born in 1802, never married ; Barbara, born in 1804, married Daniel Peifer, a minister of the United Brethren Church; Mary, born in 1805, married John Hertzler ; Anna, born in 1808, married D. W. Witmer, of Mountville; Abraham, born in 1810, married Martha Martin; Christian, born in 1813, was lost track of; David, born in 1815, died young; Esther, born in 1816, died young; John, born in 1818, married Barbara Peters; David (2), born in 1820, married (firsts Anna Derstler and (second) Lizzie Kaufl'man ; Jacob, born in 1824, is mentioned below ; and Catherine, born in 1825, married (first) H. Zell, (second) H. Stoner, and (third) H. Powers. Jacob Hershey, father of Eusebius K., was edu- cated in public and subscription schools, and on .starting out in life for himself adopted the calling to which he had been reared, that of farming. After the death of his father, which occurred when he was sixteen years of age, he openrated the home farm for his mother, and later bought the place, which he continued to carry on until 1882, since which time he has had his home with his son Eusebius. They have a fine farm of thirty-two acres, one mile north of Creswell, in Manor township, which denotes the care that has been lavished upon it. The father is a strong supporter of the Republican party, and is a man highly respected and esteemed by all who know him. He married Miss Fannie Kauflfman, a daughter of Henry and Fannie Kanfifman. Eusebius K.' Hershey, the only child of Jacob and Fannie (Kauffman) Hershey, was. born July I, 1851, and during his boyhood and youth pur- sued his studies in the common schools. He also at- tended a normal college one winter, and at the age of twenty years taught one term of school, since which time he has devoted his energies to agri- cultural pursuits. He is a practical mechanic, and has done some difficult work in that line, being often called upon by his neighbors to repair their watches, clocks, and farm machinery. On Jan. 18, 1875, Mr. Hershey was united in marriage with Miss Amanda Livesy, a daughter of Samuel and Mary (Shuman) Livesy, and to them have been born two sons, Elam L. and Harry L. The former graduated in pharmacy and chemistry at the Valparaiso (Ind.) Normal School, and was selected by the dean of that institution to conduct a pharmacy in Valparaiso, Ind., for a time, but is now chemist for Sherman, Willoughby & Co., miners, and Pilling, Crane & Co., whose mines and furnaces are at Port Henry, New York. Mr. Her.shey is a fluent writer and has con- tributed to the local journals since 1871. He has served as agent for the Northern Mutual Insurance Company, of Lancaster county, since 1885, and in May, 1899, was elected a director of the same. He has been a member of the county Republican com- mittee, was registrar, assessor one year, census enumerator in 1880, and is now serving his second term on the school board. His official duties have always been discharged with a promptness and fidelity worthy of commendation. GEORGE SMITH, tobacconist and railroad engineer, of Columbia, was born in Paradise town- ship, Lancaster county, Aug. 5, 1844, son of Charles Peter and Anna (Johnson) Smith, natives of Ire- land and Lancaster county, respectively. Charles Peter Smith was a child when brought to America by his parents. He was a potter by trade. To his marriage with Anna Johnson were born two chil- dren, Margaret (widow of Franklin Faguery) and George. The father died comparatively young, 'in 1846, but the mother survived until 1894, passing away at the age of eighty-two years. The maternal grandfather of George Smith came from Scotland during the Revolutionary war and joined the Amer- ican army. George Smith was reared on a farm until sixteen years of age, and then for two years worked in a quarry in Paradise township. He then enlisted, at Lancaster, in Co. I, 22d P. V. I., for nine months, and at the expiration of his term was discharged at Lancaster. He re-enlisted for three years, in Co. M, 1164 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY i20th Pa. Cav., under Capt. Lewis Y. Evans, and par- ticipated in the battles of Fredericksburg, Chancel- lorsville, Piedmont, Lynchburg, Sailors Creek and Appomattox, but escaped uninjured, save by a few slight scratches. He received a second honorable discharge and was finally mustered out at Philadel- phia in 1865. On his, return to Paradise township Mr. Smith was employed until 1870 as track repairer by the Pennsylvania Railway Company, and was then transferred to Lancaster. After being employed three years as fireman he was promoted to engineer, in 1873, ^'"■'^ in 1877 came to Columbia, as engineer. In 1893 he engaged in the tobacco trade as a side business. Mr. Smith was joined in marriage, in 1866, at Lancaster, with Miss Martha M. Shaub, and this union has been blessed with children as follows: Luther C, a railroad flagman in Columbia, who married Rebecca Henderson; Clarissa, who died at the age of eight years ; Jacob, who died young ; Ka- tie M. and George W., at home ; William, who died at an early age ; and Harry E., a printer, who served with Co. C, 4th P. V. I., in Porto Rico, and is now at home. George Smith, the father, is an honored member of the G. A. R. In politics he is a Demo- crat, and he and wife are respected members of the Lutheran Church. Mrs. Martha M. Smith was born in Drumore township, Lancaster county, in May, 1843, daughter of Christian and Clarissa (Griffs) Shaub, natives of Lancaster county and Massachusetts, respective- ly, who had a family of six children, viz : Anna M., widow of Thomas West, Jacob, a retired railroad man, and John, all of Lancaster ; Lizzie, wife of Ja- cob Johnson, of Osborne, Kans. ; Martha M., now Mrs. George Smith ; and Clarissa, deceased. Chris- tian Shaub was a farmer by vocation. He died in 1888, at the age of eighty years; Mrs. Clarissa Shaub came to Lancaster county when young, and died there, aged seventy-eight years. LEMON C. WOLF takes a prominent position among the leading business men of West Earl, be- ing a very successful tobacco farmer and cigar man- ufacturer, and also the principal confectioner of his section, making a specialty of ice cream, both whole- sale and retail. Mr. Wolf is a man of property and is considered one of the substantial and representa- tive citizens of his locality. The family is of' Ger- man origin, and is one of the oldest in the section. Jacob Wolf, the grandfather of Lemon C, was a miller by trade, and built the mill known in the lo- cality as the Wenger mill, at Brownstown. He was the father of three sons : Rudy ; John W., postmas- ter at West Earl ; and Jacob, deceased. Rudy Wolf was born in 1821, and died in 1883. He was a miller by trade, and a well-known resident of the township. In 1842 he married Elmyra Coop- er, who was a daughter of George Cooper, of Eph- rata township, and four children were born of this union : Lemon C. ; Frank, born in 1858, who died at the age of eighteen; Louise, born in i860, wife of Monroe Balmer, of West Earl ; and Jacob, born in 1862, who resides in Reading, Pennsylvania. Lemon C. Wolf was born Oct. 13, 1856, and his youthful years were spent around the mill. When he was eight years of age he was hired out to a neighboring farmer, and did farm chores and went to school, but when he reached the age of seventeen he commenced to learn the carpenter's trade, and for two years was engaged in that line. However, he returned to farming, has been very successful in tobacco culture, and is interested at. present also in the manufacturer of cigars. Lemon C. Wolf was married, in 1878, to Miss Hannah Meade, a daughter of Patrick Meade, of Sinking Spring, who was born in 1858. A fine fam- ily of twelve children has come to Mr. and Wolf: Schuyler F., born Sept. 25, 1878, died June 8, 1882 ; Rudy M., born Nov. 10, 1880, resides at home; Lemon M., born April 21, 1882, lives at home; Lan- dis M., born Oct. 19, 1883, died Sept. 4, 1889; El- myra M., was born Dec. 19, 1885 ; Georgie M., born July 9, 1887, died Aug. 25, 1889 ; Callie was borri Sept. 7, 1889 ; Mamie was born March 2, 1891 ; William McKinley was born Oct. 29, 1893 ; Charles, born June 18, 1895, died in 1896; Cora was born July 16, 1898; and Lena Victoria, born Sept. 15, 1900, died Oct. 29, 1900. Politically Mr. Wolf is a stanch Republican, and he has eiiSciently served as inspector of elections, and was assessor of West Earl for eight years. His means are now ample, although he was obliged to commence life with no start except health and en- ergy, and he has been able to care comfortably for his large family, to which he is a most devoted fa- ther. Among the possessions of Mr. Wolf are his attractive residence, a large three-story house and hall, in the town, besides other property in Browns- town, while his business is in a most prosperous condition, owing to his honest and upright methods of dealing with the public. Mr. Wolf is a highly respected citizen, and is a man of exemplary life and a thorough gentleman. CHARLES F. EAGER, a skillful and trusted locomotive engineer at Columbia, Pa., was born in Mill Creek, Montgomery county, this State, Sept. 15, 1836, a son of Daniel F. and Wilhelmina (Ibach) Eager, of Reading, but who both died in Philadelphia, the father March 8, 1856, at the age of forty-eight years, and the mother in June, 1856, at the same age, and both in the faith of the Lutheran Church. In his earlier days Daniel F. Eager was a paper- maker, but from 1841 until 1856 was an engineer on the old State road. To his marriage with Miss Ibach the following-named children were born: Margaret, wife of William H. Lochard, superin- tendent of the Pennsylvania Railroad at Atlantic City, N. J. ; Nathaniel, a railroad engineer in Phila- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1165 delphia; Peter, who was also an engineer, but is now deceased ; Charles F. ; Mary, widow of John Gillaland, who served through the late Civil war; A. Jackson, a deceased carriage-painter ; Emma, de- ceased wife of Lewis Smith, a farmer ; Edward, a railroad engineer at Harrisburg; George, a rail- road engineer in Columbia, and Daniel, similarly employed in Philadelphia. The paternal grandfa- ther of Charles F. Eager (who spelled his name Feger), came from Germany, settled near Reading, where he operated the first paper-mill in America. Charles F. Fager attended school in his native town until thirteen years old and then went to a point about four miles above Philadelphia, where he worked at butchering until twenty years of age, and then for one year worked for the same employer in Philadelphia. In August, 1859, he began with the Pennsylvania Railway Co. as a fireman, and eighteen months later was promoted to be engineer, his present position. On March 10, 1864, Mr. Fager married, in Philadelphia, Miss Mary A. Fisher, and to this union there were born three children, viz. : Edwin, a traveling salesman of Columbia and married to Mary Snyder; George H., proprietor of a machine and general repair shop in Columbia, and married to Elizabeth A. Landis, and Werner, who died in infancy. Mrs. Mary A. (Fisher) Fager was born in Little Washington, Pa., but was called away July 9, 1888, at the age of forty-three years. John Fisher, father of the late Mrs. Mary A. Fager, was born in Mecklenburg, Germany, in 18 10. He was reared a cabinet-maker and en- graver, and he came to America in 1848, and to Columbia, Pa., in 1850. There he married Barbara Seibert, and to this marriage were born : Mary A., Mrs. Fager: Lydie, unmarried; Emma, wife of P. A. Krodel, a dealer. in dry-goods, millinery, etc.; and Barbara, who died in infancy. ]\Ir. Fisher died in 1862, but his widow survived until June, 1899, when she passed away at the age of seventy-three years. Ernest and Magdalena (Dorathyl Fisher, paternal grandparents of Mrs. Fager, were also natives of Germany, where the former was the pro- prietor of a blacksmith and wagon shop ; the mater- nal grandparents, Peter and Barbara (Eberly) Seibert, of Bavaria, Germany, came to Columbia, Pa., in 1839, where Peter Seibert, did an extensive business as a cabinetmaker and undertaker the re- mainder of his life. Charles F. Fager settled in Columbia in 1864, and here he has made many friends and made an enviable reputation. He is a Red Man, a Knight of Pythias, and a Master Mason. In his religious belief he is a member of the Lutheran Church, and in poli- tics, a sound Democrat. JOHN A. ALEXANDER, a prominent farmer and leading citizen of Martic township, was bom Sept. 2, 1853, son of John and Susan (Zarocher) Alexander, 'also of that township. John Alexander, the grandfather of John A., was the father of six children, namely: Thomas, Samuel, David, James, Rachel and John, all of whom have long since paid their debt to nature. John Alexander (2), the father of John A., was born in 1803, and in 1829 married Susan Zarocher, of Lancaster, tie died in 1877. They had seven children, as follows: Maris, who died on the field of battle during the Civil war ; Martha, wife of Amos Walton, of Fulton township ; Mary A., widow of Lewis Jenkms; Samuel, of Martic township; Re- becca J., wife of Flarry Marsh, of Lancaster; John A. ; and Calvin, deceased. John A. Alexander grew up to farm life, in which he takes a deep interest and has pros- pered. As a poor boy, with but limited school op- portunities, he began his business career for him- self, but he believed in industry, in perseverance and in sensible frugality, and he can now show, as the result of following those principles, a fine farm, embracing 196 acres, upon which he has erected a commodious and comfortable residence and some of the most substantial barns and other improve- ments to be found in the county. On Dec. 24, 1874, Mr. Alexander was united in marriage with Miss Lydia A. Eshleman, who was born May 5, 1853, daughter of Benjamin and Cath- erine (Harnish) Eshleman, of Conestoga township. Seven children have been born to this union, name- ly: Katie, wife of Calvin Hambleton, of Harford county, Md. ; B. Emmerson, who married Bertha Reece, of Martic township; Qinton, of Martic; John Wesley, of Martic; and Martha M., Garbutt R., and Lena A., at home. Mr. Alexander has long been very active in church work, being for many years a class-leader in the Methodist Church and for twelve years the effi- cient and beloved superintendent of the Mt. Nebo Sunday-school. Both he and his wife are valued highly in this connection. Mr. Alexander is a strong advocate of temperance, living as he talks, working by precept and example for the cause of prohibition. He is known as an honorable, upright and reliable citizen, a truly representative man of Martic town- ship. DR. MARY ADELAIDE UNDERWOOD enjoys the distinction of being the first practitioner of medicine of her sex to be admitted to the city and county medical societies of Lancaster. The societies honored themselves quite as much as they did her, not only by receiving her into membership, but by sending her as a delegate to the State and National Medical Conventions. Mrs. Underwood is the daughter of Edward Marklew, who came to this country from Birming- ham, England, about fifty years ago, and settled in Philadelphia. He served in the United States Navy for a time, and then became a prominent manufacturer of pearl buttons in Philadelphia, be- ing engaged in this line at the time of his death 1166 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY some twenty-eight years ago. Mary Jane Manuel, his wife, was the daughter of a French officer, and both of Dr. Underwood's grandfathers fought at Waterloo, one under Wellington, and the other un- der Napoleon. Mrs. Underwood's parents had two children, one of them dying in infancy, his young life going out with his mother's soon after his birth. Dr. Mary Adelaide L^nderwood was born in Philadelphia, where she was partially educated, reaching the high school, but leaving it to accom- pany her father to Birmingham, and she finished her girlhood education in that city. She returned to this country about thirty years ago, and was mar- ried in 1876 to ]3r. Robert Rutherford Underwood, now and for many years past one of Lancaster's prominent dentists, who today enjoys a large and lucrative practice. Mrs. Underwood began reading medicine in 1887, graduating from the Women's Medical College in 1S90, and becoming resident physician in the Woman's Hospital of Philadelphia for the year following her graduation. In 1894 she took a post-graduate course in Johns Hopkins Hos- pital, and spent the summer of 1896 in the hospitals in Birmingham and London. Thus thoroughly equipped she returned to Lancaster, and resumed her practice which has grown steadily and rapidly. The Lancaster Medical Society sent her to the State ]\'Iedical Society, which met at Wilkesbarre, and to the National Medical Society, which met at Atlantic City, in 1900. Dr. Underwood is on the stafif of the Woman's Hospital in Philadelphia, and her profes- sional character and standing are recognized on every hand. Dr. Underwood takes a deep interest in every movement that tends to the improvement of the world around her, and gives much time and thought to social and religious labor. For five years she was president of the Y. W. C. A., when that organiza- tion was struggling for a 'foothold. She and her husband. Dr. Robert R. Underwood, are members of the Presbyterian Church, and there as elsewhere their influence is felt for good. Mrs. Underwood, while never for a moment los- ing sight of her profession, in which she holds a front rank, never fails to make herself felt as a thoroughly womanly woman, full of tenderness and .sympathy, always alive to the needs of the unfor- tunate, and quick to assi-st worthy projects and worthy people. HOWARD MILES BAIR, the well-known funeral director, of No. 136 East King street, Lan- caster, is descended from a family who have lived in this county for generations. Originally there were three brothers who settled in the vicinity of New Holland, early in the eighteenth century, and Mr. Bair is a lineal descendant of one of these brothers. Henry Bair, father of Howard M., was a promi- nent hotel-keeper of this county, and died in 1878, aged seventy-nine years. He had been blind for his last twenty-one years. The mother, Mary (Miller) Bair, died in 1882. The three children born to this union were: Charles Fremont, who is a finisher with a large New York establishment engaged in the manufacture of architectural and structural iron; Elsie B., wife of William M. Shaum, head book- keeper in the Lancaster Intelligencer office; and Howard M., of this sketch. Howard Miles Bair was born in Strasburg, March 9, 1859, his father being at that time pro- prietor of the "Washington House" of that borough, but the latter died when Howard was nineteen years of age. In 1873 he became an errand boy in Shultz Bros.' hat store, this city, and later spent years in the service of Zecher Bros., liverymen, and also in the Brimmer livery service. After 1895 he turned his attention to the study of fimeral directing and em- balming, and in November, 1897, became a graduate embalmer. On April i, 1900, Mr. Bair purchased the well-established and extensive undertaking busi- ness of Mr. Henry Wolf, which he has since con- ducted as an up-to-date undertaking establishment. In January, 1878, Mr. Bair was married to Miss Mary L. Martin, of Bridgeport, Conn., and one child was born of this union. Miss Agnes E. Bair, who was graduated from the College of St. Xavier, at Beatty, Pa., in June, 1900. Socially Mr. Bair be- longs to the Eagles, and the Vetlan Veterans., He and his wife and daughter live in the marble front dwelling at No. 125 North Duke street, and their hospitable home is a favorite resort of a large circle of devoted friends. PARK B. SHANK is a leading citizen and busi- ness man of Peters Creek, Fulton township. He is a grandson of Alexander Shank, who was a weaver by trade, and who had a family of eleven children : William (the father of Park B.), Joseph, Alexander, Thomas, John, Isabel, Mary, Adeline, Anna, Eliza- beth and Margaret. William Shank was born in Ireland in 1808, and emigrated to America with his father, Alexander Shank, while yet a youth. In 1 83 1 he married Eliza Bui'kins, and eight children were born to them: Margaret, deceased; Rachel, wife of Henry Medley, of Drumore township ; Park B. ; Alexander, a carpenter in Clinton county, Pa. ; Harriet, wife of Joseph Barnett, a blacksmith of Drumore township; Catherine, wife of Miles Fite, of Philadelphia; Adeline, wife of Bruce Rush, of Ohio ; and William, a shoemaker by trade, who died in Drumore township in 1870, leaving a widow who followed him to the grave in 1887. Park B. Shank was reared in Drumore town- ship and received his education in the common schools of the district. In 1873 he married Dora, daughter of John Dorsey, and to this union have come eleven children, seven of whom are living, as follows : William, Charles, Park, Grover, Har- riet, Thurman and Andrew. Park B. Shank com- menced the active duties of life at the age of fourteen years, as a raftsman on the Susquehanna river, and followed that vocation for nearly forty years. In BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1167 1866 he opened a lumber yard at Benton Station, and soon afterward bought a sawmill and opened a business at Peach Bottom Station, Peters Creek. Since 1885 he has also carried on a coal business, contracted for slate work, and done- general con- tracting and building. Besides his various other enterprises he operates a large farm of 300 acres of the finest land, and does it in the most approved manner at that. He is a large real-estate proprietor, owning six dwellings in Peters Creek, besides a sawniill and lumber yard, a warehouse, and other buildings located at various points. Mr. Shank started in life with only his ability as a "hustler" for capital, and may be justly regarded as a self-made man in the proper sense of the term. He is the soul of honesty, ahd his word is as good as his signature, a proud distinction to have in these days. He attributes his more than usual success in life to hard work, economy and strict attention to business. Financially he stands among the best of ihe neighborhood, and all his wealth has. been gained by his own unaided efforts. He is a splendid speci- men of American citizenship, and is highly respected by all who know him. Mr. Shank is a Democrat in politics, and believes in the stnct Jacksonian doctrines of his party. He is a Democrat from principle, but has no political aspirations for himself, only the belief that Demo- cracy will eventually prove the salvation of this country. In his religious views Mr. Shank is a Protestant, but he is a member of no church. ISAIAH M. KLING, a prosperous and prom- inent general farmer of Leacock township, was born on what is a part of his present farm, Aug. 16, 1847, son of Jacob and Rachel (Miller) Kling, farming people of Leacock township. Jacob Kling died in 1866, at the age of forty- seven years ; his widow passed away in 1876, at the age of fifty-three years. Both were interred in the Bare burying-ground in Earl township. He was a school director and a prominent man in his day. Mrs. Kling was a devout member of the German Reformed Church, and both were highly esteemed in the community where their useful career was run. They had the following children : Isaiah M. ; John B., a tobacco farmer at Buyerstown, Pa.; Elam E., a farmer in Earl township; David K., who died at the age of forty-four years ; Anna M., who mar- ried Theodore Hoar, a blacksmith in Lancaster ; Martha A., who married Abraham Hershey, and lives in Detroit ; Jacob L., a farmer in Leacock town- ship ; Emma C, wife of Edmond Bair, a blacksmith at Rock Hill, Lancaster county; Ida R., who mar- ried Noah Campbell, and is deceased; Miller E., a hotel clerk in Lancaster ; and Mary S., who married James Hoar, a farmer in Leacock township. John Kling, the father of Jacob, was a farmer in Lan- caster county. Jacob and Mary (Skiles) Miller, the parents of Mrs. Rachel (Miller) Kling, were lifelong residents of Lancaster county. Isaiah M. Kling was married Nov. 14, 1872, in Paradise township, to Miss Martha Denlinger, by whom he has had the following children: (i^ J. Milton, who died at the early age of twenty-four, married Lydia A. Charles, who is also deceased, and their only child, Lydia C, is living with her grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. Kling; (2) Anna R. is unmarried and at home; (3) Victor D. is also at home. Mrs. Martha (Denlinger) Kling was born in Paradise township, Dec. 23, 1848, and is a sister of. John B. Denlinger. Isaiah M. Kling remained at home until he was sixteen years of age ; spent the ensuing four years at farm work, and when he was twenty worked at carpentering for a year. At the end of that time he rented a small farm, and a sister kept house for him. From 1879 to 1887 he was engaged in business as a butcher in Intercourse, and for the past twenty years, in connection with his other work, he has been an auctioneer. He came to his present farm in 1883. It has one especially attractive feature aside from its neat and well cultivated acres, and that is a stream of clear spring water that runs through it, and is well stocked with trout. Mr. Kling is a Republican, and he and his wife belong to the Mennonite Church. They are substan- tial people, well-fixed in life, and enjoy the confi- dence and respect of all who know them. MRS. ANxNFIE K. YOCOM, an esteemed resi- dent of Fulton township, was born Sept. 7, 1829, and is now living retired in her pleasant home a mile southwest of Wakefield. She belongs to the King family, the first of whom in the United States was one James King, who came from England to Lan- caster county in the early days and took up land in the county from William Penn, in about the year 1690. James King married Miss Mary Pennell, in T709, and the following children came to them : Mary, born Dec. 19, 1710; Margaret, Oct. 20, 1712; Michael, Oct. 30, 1714 (he gave the five acres of land upon which was built the first Quaker meeting- house in this part of Pennsylvania, now known as the Wakefield or Penn Hill Church) ; Thomas, 1716; Jane, .1718; Vincent, 1720; and Hannah, 1722. James King, the father of the foregoing fam- ily, died in 1768, at the advanced age of ninety-five years. Thomas King, son of James, had children as follows: James, born in 1756; Thomas, 1757; Isa- bel, 1759; Margaret, 1761 ; Michael, 1763; Jane, 1765 ; Vincent, 1768; Ann, 1770; Mary, 1772.; Han- nah, 1774: and Miriam, 1776. James King, son of Thomas had children as fol- lows: Ann, born in 1782; Thomas, 1783; Mary, 1785; Phcebe, 1786; James, 1787; Moses, 1789; Amos, 1 791; Pyle, 1793; Lewis, 1794; and John, 1799. John King, son of James, was born in Fulton township, Lancaster county, and married Marv Reynolds, who was born and reared in Cecil county. 1168 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Md. They had children as follows: Annie K., Mrs. Yocom, born Sept. 7, 1829 ; and Amos L., born Aug. 25, 1833. Annie King was married to Jesse Yocom, of Ohio, on Aug. 19, 1872. They had no children. Mr. Yocom died Oct. 10, 1896, at the age of sixty years. He was a farmer and a member of the So- ciety of Friends, and all his life was an honorable and honest man. His widow is now spending her time in ease and retirement on a highly improved and valuable place of seventy-three acres near Wake- field, as already stated. She has lived a goodly life, and has followed the doctrines of the Friends faith from childhood. Her home is the ancestral home- stead taken up by her kinsman from William Penn, and where four generations of the family have been reared and have died. Mrs. Yocom will spend her remaining days on the place, loved, revered and re- spected by all who know her, as she is a noble and kind-hearted lady. HORACE H. KLUGH. Among the prominent citizens of Maytown is Horace H. Klugh, a worthy representative of one of the old families of Lancaster county, the founder of the Klugh family having come to America from Wittenberg, Germany, among those who first made a home in this part of the State of Pennsylvania. The paternal grandparents of Horace H. were Henry and Barbara (Hutzapple) Klugh, natives of Lancaster county, where the former followed the trade of shoemaker, and they passed their whole existence here, dying in Maytown; their remains rest in the old Lutheran Church cemetery. The family born to them consisted of six children : Fred- erick, Henry, Mary, Barbara (who married Berry Hill), Christiann (who married Daniel Brown) and Benjamin, all of whom have passed out of life. Henry Klugh, the father of Horace H., was a potter by trade, and later conducted a distillery. He married Margaret King, of Chanceford, York county, and reared the following named children: Benjamin, who is a physician of Florin, Pa. ; Horace H. ; Viola, deceased; Anna, deceased; and Jacob Nienan, deceased. The parents were consistent members of the Lutheran and the Methodist Churches, respectively, and the father died in Oc- tober, 1857, at the age of thirty-nine, the mother surviving" until 1894, when she too passed away, at the age of seventy-six. Horace H. Klugh was born in Maytown Nov. 13, 1844, and there attended the village school, but at the early age of thirteen he lost his father, and was obliged to earn his own living. Nothing daunted, he found employment in the office of a daily paper, in Lancaster city, and for three years carried on the paper, proving satisfactory in every way. The next step in his business career was his entrance into the shop of Collms & McCurdy, to learn the shoemak- er's trade, and he remained with that firm for three vears. In July, 1864, Mr. Klugh enlisted for service in the Civil war, in Co. D, 195th P. V. I., being mus- tered in at Harrisburg for loo-days service. He then went to Elizabethtown, where he continued work at his trade until March, 1865, when he re- enlisted, entering Co. D, 77th P. V. I., under Capt. George W. Skinner, and was placed on guard duty, traveling through Texas. He was finally dis- charged, at Victoria, Texas, in December 1865. After his war experience Mr. Klugh returned to Maytown, where he worked during the summers in a brickyard and occupied his winters with his trade, but he later discontinued the former employ- ment, and since 1889 he has been entirely engaged at shoemaking. In politics he is a Republican, and for six years he was the very efficient constable, also serving one term acceptably as register and asses- sor of his district. For many years Mr. Klugh was connected with the Lutheran Church. In July, 1866, Mr. Klugh was married in Eliza- betktown, to Miss Sarah Jane Hagerly, and to this marriage have been born : Mina E., who married Walter B. Sharp, of Marietta, Pa. ; and Henry, who died young. The parents of Mrs. Kltigh were Jo- seph and Leah (Jacobs) Hagerly, the former of whom died in 1869, aged fifty-nine years,, the latter in 1885, at the age of seventy-one. The children of this worthy couple were : Mary, who married Web- ster Buller, of Philadelphia; Sarah J., bom April 9, 1845, i" Maytown, Pa. ; and Elizabeth, who died at the age of twenty-one. Mr. Klugh is ranked by his fellow-citizens among the representative, substantial men of East Donegal, and is one of the most highly esteemed residents of Maytown. His energy and perseverance have en- abled him to conquer earlv disadvantages success- fully. CHARLES H. FREY, a descendant of one of the oldest and most prominent families of Lancaster county, is a son of Jacob L. Frey, who is the oldest surviving dealer in cigars and leaf tobacco in Lan- caster, and is now retired from business. During his long years of activity he built substantial dwellings, and contributed in no small degree to the natural growth and development of the city. Jacob L. Frey, the grandfather of Charles H., was a pioneer merchant and carrier in this State, owning and running the old-time Conestoga wagons for freight between Pittsburg and Philadelphia, before the building of the Pennsylvania Railroad. The Freys were a sturdy, honest and progressive family, and from this substantial stock came Charles H. Frey, the successful shoe merchant. Mr. Frey was born in Lancaster April i, 1862. After passing through the city schools up to gradua- tion in the high school he entered Weidler & Mus- ser's Business College in this city, from which he was graduated in due time. Mr. Frey took up the shoe trade, establishing a partnership with W. K. Rckert, under the firm name of Frey & Eckert. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1169 These two gentlemen continued in business together; ■for three years, and then Mr. Eckert retired, leav- ing Mr. Frey as sole manager, his location being where he is still found, at Nos. 3-5, East King street, where he has built up a colossal business. Realizing that many of the Lancaster people went to Phila- delphia to buy the highest grade shoes, he deter- mined that all they desired could be found at home, and very soon he made the public understand his lines of fine footwear were as fine and complete as could be found anywhere. The result was an in- crease in his business that showed the wisdom of his enterprise. Mr. Frey was a pioneer in the movement for early closing, 6 :oo P. M. He closed his store every night of the week excepting Monday and Saturday nights, and soon brought his many competitors in co- operation. The trades people, however, appreciated Mr. Frey as their friend, and stand by him to the last. This prompt action on his' part gives the key- note of his character, quick action, when once a clear understanding is had of what a conscientious regard for the rights of others demanded. Mr. Frey has been very successful in his career, and the success he has won is richly merited. Mr. Frey was always deeply imbued with the spirit of religion, and has taken a most active in- terest in all departtnents of church work. For fif- teen years he has been a teacher in St. Paul's Re- formed Church, taking an active share in the work of the Christian Endeavor, and of the Y. M. C. A., of which he was a director for six years. In this line, as in other lines, he gives his heart to his work. JACOB M. FRY. The early records of the Fry family in Lancaster county recall the fact that Mar- tin Fry, a native of Alsace, France, now a principal- ity of Germany, came to America some time before the Revolutionary war and settled in Berks county. Pa. In 1780 he' removed from Berks county, and located in Lancaster county near the present home of the Fry family in Ephrata township, and there founded a family that has become widely scattered, having honored members in all the walks of life, through many States. That Martin Fry belonged to a family in Alsace above the ordinary, is shown by his coat of arms, a copy of which has recently come into the possession of the family. Its motto "Never Despair," is one any family may well adopt. John Fry married Elizabeth Fry, who was not a. relative, although of the same name. To this pioneer couple were born two children, John Martin and Christiana. By the wife of a second marriage a large family was born to him, but as John Martin was the progen- itor of the family of whom this sketch is written, their record will not be traced. John Martin Fry, the great-grandfather of Jacob M Fry, served as private in Capt. Abraham De- huff's company of Pennsylvania troops in the Revo- iut'onary war. After the close of his service in the army, he purchased the land now known as the Fry homestead on which he passed the remainder of hi& days. He married Catherine Capp, and their chil- dren were : Peter : John ; Jacob ; Martin ; Margaret^ who married Christian Bentz ; and Mary, who mar- ried Jacob Bricker. Part of the homestead was originally purchased from the Penns, and the deed for the same, which is now a highly prized relic of the Fry family, is known as the "Red "Rost Deed," as one of the payments provided for was a red rose, which was to be given annually if called for. Upon the land which has so long been the home of the Fry family (the sixth generation now living on it) stands the old mill which was built in 1749, and in which grinding is still carried on. Martin Fry, son of John Martin, was born Sept. 15, 1780, and was both a farmer and miller. He - was a man of no ordinary ability, and was looked upon by the people as a man of fine judicial qualities, and as law giver he was sent for from far and near to settle disputes. He married Susannah Houck,.,. and to tliem were born four sons, Samuel M., Martin H., Jacob and John. Martin Fry died in September, 1848, and his wife died in i8S4. John Fry, the father of Jacob M., was born on the old homestead, Aug. 29, 1815, and died there May 12, 1888. He married Elizabeth Merklc, daugh- ter of Daniel and Catherine Merkle. She was born Jqne 8, 1822, and passed away Feb. 6, 1902. Their children were: John H., a prominent attorney of Lancaster, Pa. ; Jacob M. ; Lafayette, who resides on the homestead with his brother ; Susan, who married John Seldomridge of Ephrata, Pa. ; Katherine, who married B. C. Kready, a member of the Lancaster Bar; Caroline, who married William M. Cline, of East Earl township; and Lizzie and Ida, who re- side on the old place with their brother. John Fry made for himself a reputation for honesty and in- dustry his children will make no mistake in follow- ing. He was a member of the Lutheran Church, as was his wife. In politics he was a Whig, and when the Republican party was formed became a member of that. Jacob M. Fry was born Feb. 18, 1859, on the home farm and there grew to manhood. As was natural, he early took an interest in agricultural pur- suits, although it was not allowed to interfere with his desire to acquire an education which should fit him for other occupation than farming if he so de- sired. Until he was seventeen he attended school regularly, after which he taught school when not en- gaged on the farm. When twenty-five years old, he took up and carried on milling as well as farming, and was, as might be expected from a man as intelli- gent and well informed as Mr. Fry, successful in both callings. In his political belief he is a Repub- lican, not because his father was, nor because the party is so largely in the majority in his State, but because as a close student of national events and needs he, as a man of independent thought, believes- his party stands for the greatest good to the greatest number. For many years he has been an earnest 1170 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and consistent member of the Lutheran Church and is rearing his family in that faith. On April 14, 1S84, Mr. Fry was joined in mar- riage to Miss Margaret Ruth, daughter of Isaac and Eliza (Ruth) Ruth, of Sinking Springs, Berks Co., Pa., and their union has been blessed with four sons and two daughters, as follows : John ;^artin, born Oct. 16, 1885; Morton H., Jan. 27, 1887; M. Elizabeth, Sept. i, i88q ; Jacob R., April 20, 1891 ; Miles W., March 1,3, 1^98; and Rtith, Feb. 26, 1900. DAVID H. HUBER, a leading farmer and es- teerhed citizen of Martic township, who lives re- tired from active labor in his handsome residence in Kawlinsyille, was born in Marticville, Dec. 30i 1839, son of Henry and Anna (Hess) Huber. The Huber family is one of the old and honored ones of the State, and was founded by four brpthers of the name who came hither from Germany, sometime in the seventeenth century. One of these brothers settled in Lancaster county. Pa., and an- other in Bucks county, while all trace has , been lost of the 9ther tvifo. John Huber, the great-grand- iather of David H., was a farrner and one of the early settlers of Martic township. His son Abra- hain was well known in thetoWnship, a:nd wks the father of the following children ; Henry, Nancy, Jacob, Martin, Joseph, Frederick, Benjamin, DaVid, Martha, Barbara, John, and one who died young. Henry .Huber. father of David H., was born Oct. 19, 1815, and died Jan, 20, 1885. He rnarried Anna Hess, of, Conestqga township, oii July 16, •1838 ; she was born in 1821 and died Feb. 16, 1896. They had a family of nine children, namely: Martha,, deceased; David H. ; Mary Ann, deceased; teliza, deceased ; Abraham, of Conestoga township ; jienry, deceased ; Jonas, a prominent .citizen of Mai*- dcvilie ; Sarah Ann, the wife of Henry Rohrer of La:ncaster; and .Samujel, also of Lancaster. Henry Huber was a merchant and tailor in Marticyille for fifty years ; was a lifelong member of the Mennomte Church, and a respected and honored citizen. David H. Huber was reared in Marticville and attended school there in his youth. Frorn assist- ing his father in the store, he became interested in ;the mercantile business and engaged in it for a per- iod of thirty years. In 1883 he closed his merdantile business and engaged in farming, which he fol- lowed until 1900, when he retired to Rawlinsvillfe where he owns one of the finest residences to be found in Martic towiiship. Mr. Huber is a man of large means, owning several fine farms in the township and other Valuable property. On Oct. 10, 1864, Mr. Huber was united in mar- riage to Miss Catherine A. Good, daughter of Dan- iel and Elizabeth (Dietrick) Good, of Martic toVvn- ship, and- this marriage has been blessed with four children, namely: Laura, born March 26, 1866, wife of Benjamin Herr, of Providence township; Amelia, born April 18, 1868, wife of Samuel Siefred of Martic township ; Aaron D., born Sept. 21, 1871, who married Selma Warfel, and is a farmer in Martic township; and Mary Ella, born Feb. 4. 1874, at home. Mr. Huber is a man whose name carries weight with it in Martic townships where he has passed his life, and vyliere he is known as a responsiblfe, re- liable man. He i^ a Republican in politics. His interest has always been in support of educational legislation and he served as school director a long period, and also held other local Offices. His life has been one which enabtes him to command the esteem and respect of the whole community. ALONZO DILLER AMI^QN, a Successful farmer and representative citizen of Lancaster couhty, , was born, in Salisbury, tpwnship, Sept. 6, 1856, ;and was a soft cyf Henry and Sarah J. (Pat- ten) Ammdn, of. Salisbury towpship.. Henry Am- mon Was born in 1830 ;and,is a carpenter alfid also a farmer,, residing in thje Village of Gap, in Salis- bury township. Hisi estimaTble. wife was born in 1832, a'fld their, children are: AlOnzoD. ; Samuel, of Lancaster; Lemuel, a baker in Gap, Pa.; and Garfield, a blacksmith, in Lime Vallfey, Pa. The oldest child, Lillie, died in infancy. Alonzo Diller Ammon femaiiied in his parents' home until his. marriaige, and obtained Ms education in the public schools., Becoming a practical farmer, he first rent-ed a tract of land in Salisbury township for, A period of thijefe years, moving then to Chester coiinty where he rented a farm. for. one year, later purchasing it and Optl%tifig it fOr eight years, when he sold it, although he remained there as a renter fdr one more year, coming then ib his pfesent well- stocked ;and improved farm in Sadsbury township, in Lancaster county, his estate eomiprising forty- six -acres. Mr. AmmOn has taken a decided stand in Republican politics arid in 19DO was elected, sup- ervisor, .perfoi'miiig the. duties of this important of- fice with the clo^e attention which he has always paid to his personal business. Alonzo Diller Amman was m&^rried in Salis- bury towiiship, March 15, i'8.77, to Miss Lucy C. W'Orst, andtlie children born to this union were; Susan J., Martin L., Ella M., Chester A., William H., Mollie E., who died 'in infancy. Pearl A., Mar- ganet L., Alonzo D., Kate L., Harry E., Eddie S., Charles ^., Ear! B. and Park. All of these are bright, intelligent children, reflating credit upon tke 'estimable parents, and promising to grow into the -best type of American citizens. Mrs. Ammon ^as born in Salisbury towhshipi, on March 15, i8s^. a daughter of Elias and Sus- annah (Kraybill) Worst, the former of wliom was born in Salisbury towrlsMp, afid the latter in Earl township, both of thifem passing out of life in the former place, the father in 1888 at the age of sixty- three years, and the latter in 1886 at the age o£ fifty-three. Both were laid to rest in Spfingville in a private cemetery on their Old farm. They were members of the Presbyterian Church, and were BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1171 highly respected in their neighborhood. Their chil- dren were: Shaffer, a farmer of Salisbury town- ship; Lucy C: Kraybill, deceased; Anna M., who married Edward Seldomridge, of Salisbury township; and Ellas B., a farmer of SaHsbury township. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Ammon was Henry Worst, a farmer of Lancaster county, and the maternal grandparents were John and Margaret (Shaffer) Kraybill, of Lancaster county. AARON BUSHONG LANpIS, who is now serving his third term of three years as deputy sheriff of Lancaster county, belongs to one of the oldest and best known families in that county. Isaac S. Landis, his father, is now, a retired farm- er of Witmer. , He married Lydia Bushong, a daugh- ter of Henry Bushong, a farmer of Witmer. . Nine children were born to this union, six of whom are living : Aaron B.j whose name appears above ; • Israel, a farmer of Witmer; Amos, a farmer in Witmer; Annie, unmarried; Amanda, widow of Henry Denlinger, a farmer of Monterey ; and Sarah, wife of Elam Rohrer, a farmer in Oklahoma, Of those deceased, Leyi was a farmer of East Lam- peter, but he died in Kansas. Aaron Bushorig Landis was born on his father's farm in East Lampeter township, June 32, 1855, and was educated in the: district school. When he was nineteen years of age Mr. Landis took posses- sion of his father's farm as ^tenant. On March 16, 1880, he was married to Miss Emma Brubaker, a daughter of Andrew B. Brubafeer, a fc^rmer of Rohrerstown, East Hempfield township. After his marriage Mr. Landis began farming his :^ather-in- law's place, in the cultivation of which he is still engaged. To this union were born six children, four of whom are living: Clayton, a farmer; Mabel; and Herman and Howard are both at school. Mr; Landis belongs to tlie Blue Lodge of Ma- sons, the Odd Eellows, the Knights of the Mystic Chain, the Jr. O. U. A. M., the Knights of Malta, the Young Republicans, and is a trustee of the Re- formed Church of Rohrerstown. In his politics he is an unflinching Republican, and has served as town- ship auditor. For four years he was supervisor in East Hempfield township. His appointment as deputy sheriff came as a just recognition of his ability and character as well as of his devotion to his party principles. In this position he has given great satisfaction to the people generally. He is now serving his third term, which will not expire until January, 1906. J. PETER HERMAN, the proprietor of the Gordonville Ware;house and Elevator, is a farmer, who is also en^ged quite extensively in the pro- duce business. He was born in Snyder county, Pa., July 8, 1855, and is a son of Jacob and Nancy (Breon) Herman, both of Snyder county. After their marriage his parents moved to Union County, Pa., where the' father died in 1871, at the age of fifty-five. His widow is now living in Union coun- ty, at the venerable age of eighty-three. They were members of the Lutheran Church. Born to this couple were: Joseph, a farmer in Union county; as were his brothers, Noah, Jesse and Henry; George, who died in infancy; Maggie, vfho married Levi Oberlin, a farmer, of Earl township; Lucy, deceased, wife of Charles Leiby; j. Peter; Ada 0., married to William Lytich. The paternal grandparents of J. P. Herman were natives of Germany. J. Peter Herman and Hannah F. Snyder were united in matrimony in Christ Church, Leacock township, Dec. 20, 1883, and to thejr union have come Samuel S., Leon, Arthur S. and John F. Mrs. Hannah F. Herman was born in Paradise township in September, 1S56, and is a daughter of Aaron and Hannah (Fenniger) Snyder. Her father was born in Germany and her mother in Lancaster county. Aaron Snyder came frqrn Ger- many \yith his parents when a boy, and located in Leacock township, where he learned the butcher trade, tie was killed, in 1 871 while walking on the railroad track at Mcllv^ne's Quarries, and died at the age of forty-five. His, widow died in 1881, at the age of sixty yeiars. They were both members of the Episcopal Church. Born to them were the following chiidi-en: Sarah, who died unmarried at the age of forty-two years ; Jane, living unmar- ried in Lancaster; Samuel, who died at the age of fifty-three; Rebecca is unmarried, and has her home in Lancaster ; Hannah F. Mr. Herman remained on his parents' home place until he reached the age of twenty-one, when he Spent a year in the employ of a neighboring farmer, "coming into Lancaster at the expiration of that period, to be employed in farm work two years. As a dealer in produce, he was busy some five years in Leacock township on the Old Road, and then coming .to Gordonville established himself as a farmer and a produce dealer. In April, 1901, he added the warehouse and elevator to his present business, carrying along all three lines with decided siiccess. Mr. Herman has fought his way to his present enviable position, without a dollar or ah in- fluential friend ; his strength, character and indust- ry have made him what he is. Many are his friends, and the respect in which he is held is very marked. In his politics he is a Democrat. L. RUTTER HASTINGS, a well known farm- er and esteemed citizen of East Drumore township, Lancaster county, was born at the old Hastings honiestead in East Drumore, March 3, 1849, ^ son of John and Rebecca (Russel) Hastings. L. Rutter Hastings received his early education in the local schools, and was a student at the State Norrnal School at Millersville a year. His home was with his parents until his marriage, Nov. 26, 1172 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1874, when Miss S. Anna Ewing, of Martic town- ship, became his wife. Mrs. Hastings was born in March, 1855, the daughter of John and Letitia (McElhaney) . Ewing, and was educated in the public schools. Mrs. and Mrs. Hastings were settled for a time on one of the farms belonging to his father. This farm was located in East Drumore township, and was bought by him from the estate after his father's death. In 1898 he sold it and devoted himself to the sale of farming implements and carriages. After following this occupation- for three years, he rented the John Russel farm in- the southern part of East Drumore township. This place coniprises 400 acres and is still under his excellent manage- ment. ■ To Mr. and Mrs. Hastings have come six chil- dren, (i) Rebecca V. Hastings, bom in October, 1875, was educated in the Lancaster high school, and married W. H. Hamill, in December, 1896. He is in the creamery business in Chester county. They have one child, Mildred J. Robert R. Hamill died an infant. (2) Jessie Irene, born in January, 1877, was educated in the home schools, and in a Philadelphia business college, and is now a stenog- rapher and typewriter in the office of her uncle, Will- iam Hastings, of Philadelphia. (3) Louisa L., born in August, 1 88 1, received a good education in the Lancaster high school and is at home. (4) Harry E., born in March, 1885, is now engaged with the American Telephone Company. (5) Isabelle R. was born in October, 1890. (6) George R. was born' Feb. 2, 1894. Mr. and Mrs. Hastings' are members of the Presbyterian Church. In politics he is a Democrat, and for three years has been school director of East Drumore township. Socially he belongs to Wash- ington Lodge, No. 156, A. F. & A. M., at Quarry- ville. George R. and W. S. Hastings belong to the same fraternity at Christiana. SIMON U. ETSENBERG. Prominently iden- tified with all of the most important interests of Millway, Pa., is Simon U. Eisenberg, who is the prosperous proprietor of a general merchandise establishment at that point. The location is an ex- cellent one, on the Reading and Columbia Railroad, some four miles south-west of Ephrata. ■ Simon U. Eisenberg was born Dec. 13, 1849, a son of Myers and Zetta (Uhlman) Eisenberg, the former of whom was born in Germany in 181 1 and emigrated to America at the age of fourteen years. With .three conirades, he landed in Philadelphia, soon after coming to Adamstown, Pa., where in the course of time he married the excellent daughter of Daniel Uhlman ; to this union six children were born: Simon U. ; Daniel, born in 1850, married a Miss Fisher from New York and later decided to migrate to Bismark, South Dakota ; ' he relates how he reached there with no shoes on his feet, but now is able to back almost any financial enterprise ; Mary married Charles Stamm, of Millway; Jacob, lives near Canton, Ohio, where he is a prominent merchant ; Hannah married Charles Shirley of Mill- way ; and Levi, lives in Livingston, Montana, where he is successfully engaged in the mercantile line^ Mr. Eisenberg received his education in the com- ' mon schools, this being supplemented with a short course at the Millersville Normal school, where he ■ proved himself a very ajpt pupil, and was considered' competent to teach at the early age of fourteen ; he continued in this profession for the following- five years, and left it to become a clerk in an estab- lishment at Schoeneck, Pa. In 1875 he opened up. a business of his own, which he has since most suc- cessfully conducted. Mr. Eisenberg deals in a general stock of first-class merchandise and has a' trade that is continually extending, and he also is connected with the manufacture of cigars. ' The first marriage of Mr. Eisenberg was to Miss Annie Wolf, of Millway, in 1874, a daughter of David and Lydia (Hbll) Wolf; her death oc- curred in 1886. His second marriage was to Miss Kate Heiser, of Akrori, Pa., Oct. 13; 1890. No' children have been born to Mr. Eisenberg and his wife, but their kind hearts opened to a little adopted daughter, Katie, iDorn Jan. i, 1891, and under their rearing .she will never miss any parental love or care. An intelligent and reliable man, Mr. Eisenberg- has been called upon by the Republican party tc^ ■ fill some of the local offices, but he considers him- self Tio politician, consenting to serve only as judge ■ of elections, school director and as one of the audit- ors of Ephrata township. He belongs to the I. O. O. F- and the Patriotic Sons of America. Like many another successful business man, Mr. Eisen- berg began life crippled by lack of means but he is a very capable man, and during his active life of the past twenty years, has gained considerable property, owning at least five comfortable houses in Millway, aside from his other interests. As a citizen he possesses the esteem of the community, and in the Reformed Church he is known as one of the most cheerful and generous givers to all benevolent and charitable objects. - WILLIAM P. BRINTON, who is now a retired nurseryman in Christiana, Pa., o-wns a system of greenhouses in the borough that covers nineteen acres and requires over 35,000 feet of glass. It was established in 1858 by Mr. Brintbn, and meets every demand of the market for cut flowers, general bedding plants and nursery stock. It is regarded as one of the most complete plants in this part of the State, and has commanded" a widely extended patronage. Mr. Brinton was born Oct. 20, 1835, oh a part of his present property about a quarter of a mile northeast of his present home, and is a son of Samuel and Lydia P. (Jackson) Brinton. Samuel Brinton was born in Leacock township, Lancaster county, and followed farming all his BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1173 and died, Jan, 31,1789. They had the following children : M^ry A., born June 14,^ 1748,- married to Robert Moore, Nov. 10, 1768; ,Abigail, born Dec. 14, 1751, who married Ellis Pussey, Oct. 30, 1777, and died in 1842 ; Joseph, born Nov. 22, 1754, married to Susan Rigbee in 1784; William, born Jan. 26,, I759, mar- ried- to Lydia Ferree, April 21, 1785; Moses, Jr., born Aug. 26, 1761, -wrho .married Elizabeth Whit- son, aiid - on , her . death, Hannah Chamberlain ; Samuel, born D^c i, 1765, died Feb. ,9, 1773; Eleanor, born July 28, 1769, who married Thomas Henderson, and died.Marclj 29, 1853. Mioses Brin- ton- settled on SCO acres of land in Leacock town- ship, Lancaster county, given him by his father. Joseph Brinton and Susan Rigbee, of Leacock township, ^vere married in 1784, and became parents of the following children: William, born Nov. 22, 1785, married to Julielma Cooper, who was. born Dec. 13, 1782, and died in 1878; James, born Feb. 25, 1787, who died unmarried; Samuel, born Feb. 3. 1789, who married ; Lydia P. Jackson, Dec. 25, 1823, and died May 5, 1857; Mary, born Oct. 3, 1790, who married Joseph H. Cole, May 4, 1815, in 1830 was again married to David Townsend, and died in 1880; Sarah, born March 16, 1793, married to Joseph Cooper, born April 17, 1785, both of whom passed away in 1858. The Brinton family had its home in England in the parish of Ledgeley, Staffordshire, where John Brinton was living seven miles south of Church- Eaton in the closing years of the fifteenth century. 1174 BIOGRAPHICAL. ANNALS OF LANCASTip. COUNTY Here was born William Brinton, who married Ann Bagley in 1659, Three years prior to her marriage she had united with the Friends in company with her mother. Her father,' E(Jward Bagley, was a man of wealth, character and standing in the com- munity. These were years in which the friends were exposed to many persecutions, and could find neither law nor justice in the land. In 1683 Will- iam Brinton was fined twenty-six shillings for re- fusing to take the oath, and had goods t^ken from him to the amount of five pounds' and eleven shill- ings. The following year, as noted above, he sought a peaceful home in the New W^orld, his family at that time consisting of his wife, Ann, bis only son, William, Jr., and his three daugliters. Ami, Eliza; beth and Esther. The Brinton family in Lancaster county, comes of the best stock; and its various representatives have been noted for their business ability, their industriotis habits, and their sterling manhood. Al- most without exception they have followed the re- ligion of their progenitors, and have been worthy and consistent members of the Society of Friends. William P. Brinton, whose narne introdiices this article, was married in Bird in Hand, Lancaster county, in 1867, to Miss Mary E. Cooper, by whom he has had the following children : Lucy, who mar- ried Maurice Phillips, a farmer and liiannfacturer of Keystone Dehorncrs at Pomeroy, Pa., and is the mother of, one child; Morris J., who married Ger- trude Rakestraw, (whose father Henry Rakestraw operated a creamery in Christiana, Pa., and is now dead), and has one child; Anna, who married Nor- man Entrekin, mechanical engineer at Work Broth- ers' Iron Mill, at Ccatesville, P^., and is the mother of one child; Alice, married to Howard Brosius, cashier in the bank at Avondale, Pa.; Estelle, a student in the Universitj' of Michigan; Ethel, at home. Mrs. Brinton was born in East Lampeter township, and is a sister of Calvin Cooper. William P. Brinton remained at home until his marriage, vyhen he built his present property. There his mother and sister lived with him until 1867, when they returned to their old home. Mr. Brin- ton has been assessor of the township, and is a mem- ber and trustee of the. Friends Meeting, and is a member of the building committee, which has charge of the erection of the new house of worship, which is now being built. He was one of the organizers of the State Horticultural Society, and has been its corresponding secretary for many years. In tem.perance labors he takes advanced ground, and has won more than a local reputation for his zeal arid enthusiasm in this great reform. The green houses which he established are now operated by his son. In politics he is a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for John C. Fremont. JOHN C. SMITH, a rising and greatly respect- ed general farmer of Cordelia village. West Hemp- field township, Lancaster county, is now in the prime of life, having been born on his present farm, March 25, 1852. John K. Smith, father of John Christian, was born Aug. 8, 1797, also on a part of the West Herap- fieid farm, was reared to farming and was twice married, the first Itinje to a Miss Mumma, who bor?- him seven children, narnely : Eliza, who was mar- ried to John Dellinger ; Gideon, deceased ; Barbara, widow of H. G. Brookhart, and living in Colunibia, Pa.; Joshua; Susan, widow of John Harnish and residing inManheim township, Lancaster county; and Henry and Joh^i, who both died in infancy. The second marriage of John K. Smith was to Mag- dalene Sterline, and to this union were born four children, viz. : John Christian ; Albert, deceased ; Laura, widow of David Slaughter, late of Colum- bus, Ohio; and Horace, deceased. The father of these children, John K. Smith, died in October, 1876, a member of the United Brethren Church, and his remains were interred in Silverspring cem- etery : his widow, IVIagdalene, born in 1825, is now a resident of Columbus, Ohio. Rev. John C. Smith, father of John K. Smith,, was' also a native of Lancaster county. Pa., was or- dained a riiinister of the Gospel in 1809, was one: of the founders of the United Brethren denomination, and died on the John Christian Smith farm, near- Cordelia, in i860, at the age of eighty-six years. His wife was a Miss Kertz. ' On Jan. 19, 1876, John Christian Smith marrie4 in Columbia, P^., ' Miss Linda G. Mellinger, wbb' has borne him seven children, viz. : Elsa A., still at home ; Bessie C, wife of William Kelly, a whole- sale butter merchant in Philadelphia; Lucy B., also residing in tbe'City of Brotherly Love ; Arthur t>., Bertrarh B., Jennie M. and Phebe M., all at home. Mrs- Linda G. (Melliriger) Smith was born in East Berlin, Adanis Co., Pa., and is a daughter of Dr. David and Jane (Gallaway) Mellinger, who settled in Lancaster county in 'i860, lived four years in Elizabethtown, then awhile in Columbia, and then retired to Riinning Pump, near Elizabethtown, where the Doctor pkssed the remainder of his days- with a daughter. Not only was Dr. Mellinger a physiician, but he was a politician of some note, and served one term in the State legislature from Adariig. county. The Doctor died in 1894 at the age of eighty-four years, in the faith of the Lutheran Church; his wife died in 1892, when seventy-five years old, was also a Lutheran, and the remains of both were buried in Columbia. They had twelve children, viz. : Samuel, who died in Cuba, in 1878 ; Martha, wife of Christ Myers, a coachmaker in Elizabethtown, Pa. ; Edward, who died in Cuba in 1870 ; Penrose, who died in infancy ; John, a painter in Lancaster; Phebe, living ia Columbia; Mary, who died when seventeen years old; George, de- ceased ; Linda G., now Mrs. John C. Smith ; Katie, James and another, who all died in infancy. The maternal grandfather of Mrs. Smith, Gallaway, was a soldier of the Revolutionary war. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNAL,§ OF LANCAST^^ COUNTY 117$ John C. Smith lived on his present farm until twenty-six years of age, then rented a small farm near by, and cultivated it six years ; he then canie back to his present farm, on which he lived thii*- teeri years; then passed tyfo years in Philadelphia; came again to his old farm of forty-three and a' half acres, and there has lived in ease and comfort and prospei-ity ever since, honored and respected by all his fellow citizens; In politics Mr. Smith is a Republican. SAMUEL J. PUGH, one of the successful busi- ness citizens of Hollinger, Lancaster Co., Pa., was born on English soil of English ancestry, near the great city of London, Jan. i, 1855, a son of James and Mary (Janes) Pugh. James Pugh was a brewer in his native country, but also understood machinery, and after locating in America, in 1857, he engaged in business for a tijne, in Columbia, Lancaster Co., Pa., and then removed to .Salem, where he took charge of the engine in the Nickel ihines and operated it foi" thirty years, retiring on account of advari.ciijg age, and spending his last dayp with' his son Sainuel. His death occurred at Hpllingei- in 1897, at the age of seventy-six years, the mother dying in 1898, at; the age of seventy ; both of them lived blameless lives, consistent members of the M. E. Church, and the former was the efificient superintendent of the Sabbath-school for twenty years. A family of five children were born to these' worthy people ;' Samuel J. ; Annie, who is the wife of Frank Martin of Lan- caster ; Mary, who is the wife of Harry Matr, of Gordonvilje; William T., who is the miller and postmaster of Wheatland Mills ; Elizabeth, who is the wife of John Donnelly, of Hollinger. Samuel J. Pugh was reared in his native place until he was two year's old, when his parents came to the United States, and he received his education in the public schools of Lancaster county. 'When still quite young he began work in the Nickel rnines, but at the age of eighteen he began to learn the milling business under Jesse P. Rauk, at Rauk Sta- tion, remaining there some eight years, when he eiitered into the employ of Samuel Rauk, of Lan- caster City, in the same business. Later he re- turned to his old mill and operated it for two years in the interest of a milling company.' At a later date, in 1887, he engaged in the same business in association with his brother, William T., under the firm name of Pugh & Bro., at Horse Hollow, using the Abraham Herr mill for three years, when the firm was dissolved, Samuel J. Pugh withdrawing. At this time he purchased the plant he is still operating, the water right only, as the mill had been destroyed. In 1890 he erected the present inodern' structure, which is fitted with all the latest improved machinery and milling appliances, a four- story building with a capacity of sixty barrels a day, the motive power being both water and steam, and' his trade purely custom. In 1900 he estab- lished a store in Lancaster City, with a branch in, Reading, where are marketed his leading brands of flour ; the best known ones are the Daisy and the Red Seal, both of tliem products of the highest milling art. In 1879 he was married to Sarah Mullen, a daughter of Stephen Mullen, who was bom in Lan- caster county ; their children were Mary, James, Blanche, Walter, Clarence and Elizabeth. The family connection is with the Reformed Mennonite Church, of Willowstreet, in which Mr.' Pugh is on the official board and is one of the most active ^ydrkers in the Sabbath-school. ' Samuel J. Pugh has a high standing among his fellow citizens as a ■ moral, worthy and honorable man, and is regarded as one of the substantial mem- bers of the community, being the owner of cori- siderable property in the vicinity, which he uses for renting purposes. JOHN G. STAUFFER. The name of Stauiier is one which is well known and universally respected in Lancaster county, where it represents wealth,' proniiherice,' social position and good citizenship. Among those who have worthily held this honored name for sixty years is John G. Stauffer, a leading farmer of Mt. Joy' township, who was born July 12, 1840, oh a farm adjoining the one which he now owns, a son of Jacob and Mary (GrofF) Stauffer, both natives of Mt. Joy township. Jacob Staufifer was born Jan. 5, 181 1, a son of John' and and Anna Stauffer, natives of Lancaster county, and he died Jan. 7, 1879, having been a prpiiiinent man in his locality for a number of years, serving as supervisor for a long period. He was a ' member and liberal supporter of the German Bap- tist Church. His widow, who was born July 2, 1 8 14, died July 11, 1890, and both were buired ill Chickies Meeting House cemetery, in Rapho town- ship. Their children were as follows : Fanny G., widow of Samuel Risser, of Lebanon county ; Mary G., widow of David. Moyer of Mt. Joy township ; Rebecca G., deceased, wife of Christian Gruber; John G., Abraham G., a farmer in Lebanon coun- ty; and Jacob G., a resident of Elizabethtown, of whom extended mention is made elsewhere. The farhily originated in Switzerland and probably lo- cated in Pennsylvania early in 1700. Mrs. Mary (Groff) Stauiffer was a daughter of John and Ver- onica Groff, of whom the former was born Aug. 20, 1789, and died Nov. 23, 1859, aged seventy years, two months and three days ; his wife, who Ayas born Aug. 3, 1794, died March 16, 1831, aged' thirty-six years, seven months and thirteen days." The early rearing of Mr. Stauffer was in a good home, under kind and wise parents, with whom he remained until his own marriage, acquiring his education in the district schools. After marriage Mr. Stauffer and his wife settled upon a farfti which they still occupy, which comprises 190 acres/ and this with an additional forty-acre tract, adjoin- 1176 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ing, makes a^ estate of 230 acres which is univers- ally regarded as the very finest farm in Lancaster county. Mr. Stauffer is a thorough farmer, and with his* progressive ideas has yearly. added to the value and productiveness of his farm. He has other large business interests, owning a sawmill and man* ufacturing lumber, being a prominent factor in that trade in this locality. In addition to these enterprises Mr. Staufifer has been identified with a number of the leading finan- cial organizations of the township, for twenty years hving been a director in the Mt. Joy National Bank, and for the past twenty-five years has been one of the board of directors of the Mt. Joy Mutual Fire Insurance Co. His interest in the progress of edu- cation in his township has been shown by his serv- ice on the school board for a period of nine years. With his family he belongs to the German Baptist Church. On Oct. II, i860, in Lancaster City, Mr. Stauff- er was married to Miss Maria W. Shelley, a mem- ber of an old and prominent Lancaster county fam- ily. To this marriage were born the following children : Mary A., born July 5, 1861, married John W. Heistand, af Lancaster Junction, where he engages in farming; Lizzie S., born June 20, 1864, married Joseph N. Risser, of Mt. Joy town- ship, extended mention of whom will be found in this volume ; Emm.a S., born July 2, 1866, married Monroe B. Forney, a farmer of Mt. Joy township ; Benjamin, born Jan. 2, 1869, married Lizzie B. Keller, and is a farmer in Lebanon county. Pa. ; and Sarah S., born Jan. 23, 1873, married Monroe G. Hollinger, a farmer in Mt. Joy township. Mr. Stauffer gave his children the educational advant- ages aflforded by the excellent schools of the town- ship, and many of them have located in his vicinity and are among the respected and useful citizens of Mt. Joy township. Mrs. Maria W. (Shelley) Staufifer was born Sept. 22, 1840, in Rapho township, Lancaster coun- ty, daughter of Henry and Elizabeth (Witmer) Shelley, the former of whom was born in Rapho township and the latter on the farm now occupied by Mr. and Mrs. Staufifer. For ten years prior to his death Mr. Shelley lived retired from active life. He was a'n extensive farmer and prominent and wealthy citizen. For a quarter of a century he was one of the directors of the Mt. Joy First National Bank, and took a leading part in the life of his neighborhood. At his death he was larnentedas one who had been a good, upright and useful citir zen. Mr. Shellev was born Jan. 12, 1809, and died Nov. 6, 1885. The mother of Mrs. Stauffer was born Jan. 16, 1808, and died July 29, 1848. She was a member of the River Brethren Church. Both parents were buried in the private burying ground on the old Shelley homestead, on the farm where Mr. Shelley was born. Their children were as fol- lows: Anna, who is the widow of Alva Earhart, resides in Manheim, Pa. ; Fanny, who married Rev. S. R. Zook, a German Baptist minister, resides in Mastersonville ; Lizzie is the widow of Sam- uel Kraybill, of Manheim; Abraham, who is a re- tired farmer, lives in Mastersonville, Pa. ; Susan, who married Benjamin R. Zook, a retired farmer, lives in Rapho township; Maria W. is the wife of Mr. Staufifer; and Harriet, who married Abra- ham G. Stauffer, a brother to John G., resides on a farm in Lebanon county, Pa. Mr. Shelley mar- ried for his second wife Lizzie Gantz, by whom he had one son, Reuben, now a resident of Steelton, Mr. and Mrs. Stauffer are among the most highly esteemed residents of Mt. Joy township. Many warm personal friends e:njoy their friendship and hospitality, while in public life and business circles Mr. Stauffer is recognized as a man of most upright character. - HENRY R. OBER, a retired farmer of Rapho township, was born in that township Sept. 13, 1844, son of Christian and Barbara (Ruhl) Ober, also of Rapho township. Christian Ober, the father, died in 1873, at the age of sixty-six years. He was a farmer, but also held various township offices. His wife died in April, 1883, at the age of sixty-one years, one month. They are buried in Hernley's cemetery. They were members of the Mennonite and United Brethren of Christ churches. The following chil- dren were born to them: Harriet R., deceased; Michael R., retired farmer of Penn township; Moses R., retired farmer of Rapho township ; Bar- bara R., wife of George Keener, a farmer; Anna R., wife of Jacob Nornhall, a farmer in Oklahoma; Henry R., subject of this sketch ; Christian R., de- ceased ; Sarah R., deceased ; Aaron R., a farmer of Rapho township ; Martha R,, who married first Ja- cob Sahm, and afterward Joseph D. BroAvn, car- riage builder of Manheim, Pa.; and Mary R., de- ceased wife of Abraham Heht. Christian Ober was a son of David Ober, a farmer of Lancaster county; On Oct. 16, 1866, Henry R. Ober married Miss Mary Ann Metzler, of Lancaster, Pa. To this, couple have been born the following children : Fan- nie married Pharis Rohrer, a farmer of West Hemp- field township, and has three children; Agnes mar- ried Alva Lehman, of Lebanon county, and has four children; Phillip, a Lebanon county farmer, mar- ried to Miss Ida Holderman; Susanna M. is the wife of Oliver Litch, a farmer of Rapho township ; Nathan M. married Miss Anna Baker, of Lebanon county, and has one child; Anna M. is unmarried and at home. Mrs. Ober was born Nov. 20, 1844, in Rapho township, and is the daughter of Henry and Anna (Hershey) Metzler, of Lancaster coun- ty. The father, who was a farmer, died in 1889, at the age of fifty-nine years, and is buried in Hern- ley's Meeting House cemetery. Mrs. Metzler, the mother, was born in 1824, and is still living with her daughter, Mrs. Isaac Cup, at Centerville. Both BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1177 she and her husband were membera of the Men- nonite_ Church. There were born to this union: Christian, a retired farmer of Rapho township; Mary Ann, wife of Henry R. Ober ; John, a farmer of Warwick township; Fanny (deceased) wife of Paul Gibble ; Mrs. Isaac Cup, pf Centerville ; Henry, farmer of Rapho township; Samuel, a Washing- ton township farmer ; Jacob, deceased ; Farris, a farmer of East Hempfield township ; Anna, wife of Isaac Stauffer, farmer of Warwick township; and Isaac, a farmer in Oklahoma. Mrs. Ober 's pater- nal grandparents were John and Hettie (Eshter) Metzler, of Lancaster county. Henry R. Ober remained at home with his par- ents until after he attained his majority, after which lie began farming on his own account and continued to do so until he retired in March, 1892. For the four years preceding his marriage he farmed his father's place on shares and did well at it, but after that event he took the farm for his own. Mr. and Mrs. Ober are members of the Mennonite Church, and are prominent in both religious and social circles. Mr. Ober is a prominent man in his neigh- Tsorhood, and is well regarded as a man of influence and position in the community. By care and in- telligent management he has accumulated a fortune, and he is able to enjoy the declining years of his life in ease and comfort, respected by all who have the pleasure of his friendship and acquaintance. HON. J. C. GATCHELL, M. D. Few citizens ■of Martic township are better known or more highly •esteemed than is Dr. J. C. Gatchell, late member of the State Legislature, a sticcessf ul physician and prominent and public-spirited citizen. Dr. Gatchell was born May i, 1835, in Chester •county, Pa., son of John P. and Caroline (Simpers) 'Gatchell, the former of whom was a son of David Gatchell, a resident near East Nottingham, where Tie carried on farming and brought up his family in the Quaker faith. The seven children born to •Grandfather Gatchell were Joseph, Jesse, Joshua, Enoch, John P., David and Lydia, all of whom have passed out of life. John P. Gatchell. married Caro- line Simpers and they were the parents of five chil- dren, namely : Dr. J. C. : Ellis, deceased ; David K., •deceased; Eli, who was killed while serving his ■country during the Civil war ; John E., a resident of Washington, D. C. John P. Gatchell was an esteemed citizen, a Republican in his political be- lief, and. in religious, matters he adhered to the prin- ciples of the Friends. Dr. Gatchell was. reared on his father's farm and his education was acquired in the public schools of his district and in the Unionville Academy. After finishing his general course of study the young man became a student of medicine for three years, in i860 was graduated at. the Pennsylvania Medical College and upon his return to Lancaster county began practicing in New Texas, in Fulton township. Al- though enthusiastic in his work in that locality, in 1864 he left it to become assistant surgeon in the 55th P. V. I., and remained with his regiment until the close of the war. After his return from the army Dr. , Gatchell located for practice in Martic- ville. On Feb. 7, 1862, Dr. Gatchell was united in marriage to Miss Sarah H. Garver, of Oxford, Pa., and the three children born to this union are : Clara, the wife of E. P. Dalberry, of Chester county ; John W., also of Chester county ; and Reba„at home. A man of fine education and broad outlook, Dr. Gatchell has always been actively interested in pub- lic affairs and has served his township most effi- ciently in many offices, on the Republican ticket. He was chosen representative to the General Assem- bly from the southern district of Lancaster county, was re-elected in 1872 and 1878 and was again hon- ored in 1888, performing the duties of his high office with the ability which characterizes all his efforts. Since his return to private life he has re- sumed the duties of an absorbing practice and in his profession he is recognized as a leader in Lancaster County. JOHN B. APPLETON, whose death in 1871 was deeply lamented by the community in which he lived and where he was known as an industrious and honorable man of business and a kind and help- ful neighbor, was born in Chester county. Pa., in 1836, son of Joseph Appleton, of the same county, of English origin. On Sept. 12, 1856, he was mar- ried to Miss Mary Stevenson, born Feb. 11, 1831, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Daulin) Steven- son, of Lancaster county, and was one of a family of eight children, as follows : Matilda ; Mary, Mrs. Appleton ; Harriet, wife of Gilbert Smith, otf Phila- delphia; Malinda, deceased; Samuel, of Mt. Nebo; Marinda, deceased ; Miss Elizabeth, of Philadel- phia ;. and James, deceased. The Stevenson family is one of the oldest now residing in Martic town- ship, the great-grandfather of Mrs. Appleton com- ing hither from England, a great many years ago. ' The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Appleton was blessed with six children, naniely: Wilmot C, of Oxford, Ch&ster county; William M., of Rawlins- yille ; Elizabeth, the wife of J. F. Bair, of Lancaster; Luella, a stenographer in Philadelphia; Mabel V., the wife of Levi Shank, of Long Island, New York ; Jane, the wife of Elmer Walton, of Lancaster. Mr. Appleton was a cabinetmaker and followed the busi- ness of undertaking. In 1864 he volunteered in the defense of his country and faithfully served as a soldier in Co. D, 69th P. V. I., and it was during this time that his health was so undermined that his recovery was never complete, and he died in 1871. The widow was left in straitened circumstances, with the care of six young children, and it redounds to her credit that she not only cared for them physi- cally but also managed to educate them and fit them for the honorable positions they now hold in so- ciety. Mrs. Appleton is a respected and beloved 117S BIOGRAPHICAJL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY member of her communitj-, a lovely Christian wo- man, daih- performing acts of Icindness and show- ing the fruits of an exemplar}- hfe. JOSEPH STAUFFER BRUB.\KER, now aM for many years the leading pharmacist of Vinton, Iowa, is a native of Lancaster county, but went West in 1855, and there became a ver\' prominent citizen. He is a native of Rapho township, and be- longs to one of the oldest and most influential fami- lies in the coimtj- ; for, although the Brubakers alone would constitute enough people — ^numerically as well as financially — to fill and rvin a good sized cit\% tie relationship does not end with that name, for they are closely related to the Erismans, the Strick- lers, Rohrers, Fricks and Staufl[ers. Originally there were three brothers in the an- cestry of Joseph S. Brubaker, and those three brothers came from Switzerland generatioos ago and settled in Rapho township, where they have ever since been among the most substantial people. Abraham Brubaker, grandfather of Joseph S. Brubaker, grew to manhood in Rapho township, and there wedded Maria Erisman, daughter of Ja- cob Erisman and wife, who were also prominent people of that district. From this union fourteen children were bom, eleven sons and three daugh- ters, as follows: Abraham, Christian, Benjamin, Jacob, Samuel (who was the father of Joseph S.^, Da^'id, John, Daniel, Henry, Peter and Martin. All were farmers and all are deceased. The dau^ters were Adaline, who married a Bletcher : ^laria, who married a Hollinger; and Xancy, who married a Shoemaker. Samuel Brubaker, the father of Joseph S. Bru- baker, was bom on the old homestead in Rapho township, and there lived all the days of his life. After a career of much usefulness he entered upon his reward, and his remains were laid to rest in the pri\'ate cemetery on the Stauffer homestead. ' His wife was Catherine Stauffer, and to them were bom two sons and two daughters, as follows: Samuel, deceased, who married a Miss Shelley; Joseph S., now of Vinton, Iowa ; ]\Iaria, deceased, who mar- ried Christian Miller; and Catharine, who died young. Joseph Stauffer Bmbaker, of Vinton, Iowa, is the last sur\-ivor of his family. He was twice rriar- ried, his first wife having been Harriet Hostetter, daughter of Abraham Hostetter, of Lancaster coun- t%-, and his second wife. Susan S. Smith, daughter of Christian Smith, of Warren, Pa. Mr. Brubaker is the father of three sons and one daughter, his sons being Stauffer Joseph (who married a I^Iiss Hostetter and has a daughter), Frank H. and Charles W. Charles W., the youngest, was hon- ored by an election for two successive terms to the responsible office of treasurer of Benton county, Iowa, and is as popular as he is trustworthy. Xo man who has ever lef c Lancaster county has become more prominent in the home of his adoption than has Joseph S. Brubaker, his name ranking with that of Hostetter of Stomach Bitters fame, who lo- cated in Pittsburg, and \rith Dr. S. B. Hartman, of Peruna fame, now li\'ing in Columbus, Ohio. Mr. Brubaker (Joseph S.) is not only the leading drug- gist of his section but is interested in almost ever\^ing tending toward the advancement of the place. He is one of the directors of the People's Saving Bank, of \"inton, and is interested in many business enterprises. This sketch can be concluded in no better way than by quoting the following from a newspaper article published in Vinton, where Mr. Brubaker has lived these many jears, and of w"hich place he is now so imf>ortant a part : "Xo branch of the business is more important to the community at large than that of the drug- gist, and this house (Mr. Joseph Stauffer Bru- baker"s) is one of its most prominent representa- tives. It is always suppUed with a full and com- prehensive line of pure drugs, chemicals, perfumes, toilet articles and a complete stock of all the pro- prietary- remedies of acknowledged merit and stand- ard reputation, druggists' sundries and physicians' supplies. This house is indorsed by the leading physicians on account of the reliability and purity of its drugs, and scientific service in the prescription department, where the utmost caution is taken in compounding medicines of all kinds. The labora- tory is supplied with all the requisite facilities for compounding the most difficult prescriptions, and has won the well-merited distinction of being the leading pharmacy in the locafit}-. 'Sir. Brubaker, the proprietor of this model pharmacy, is a native of Lancaster coimt}-. Pa., but came ^^'est in 1855, be- ginning his business career at twent\--five years of age, since which time he has been engaged in the drug business. He has the honor of being the old- est estabfished dmggist in the Cedar -^'alley, having had fort>--three years' practical experience. He is one of tiie most substantial and highly respected citizens, and enjoys the confidence and esteem of the entire communit},-, and is numbered among the lead- ing and most progressive business men in the place." BEXJ.AMIX EAVEXSOX. burgess of Chris- tiana, and a successftil cattle dealer of that borough, was born in Thombur\' to^\-nship. Chester counts-, this State. Xov. 3, 1831, and he has long been one of the notable men of Lancaster counts-. Jonas and Emily (Valentine) Eavenson, his parents, were hotel keepers in Chester countv mam- years, and they died in Philadelphia. For'a time the father was in the mercantile business, and then later in the stock dealing. For the last few vears. of his life he and his son. Alben T., were soap manu- facturers in Philadelphia, and made a large quan- tity of that article: later his son, :Mar\-in"M.. \\-as admitted, and subsequently his grandsons, F. \'. Eavenson and William J. Eavenson, were admitted as members of the firm and the above, together -n-itli Lewis L. and Roland !M. Eavenson, sons of Alben BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY in& T. and Marvin M., are now the largest soap manu- facturers in Pennsylvania. Jonas Eavenson died March 14, 1883, in his seventy-ninth year. The wife and mother died Dec. 18, 1868, at the age of sixty-six. She was a Quaker, and lived a beautiful life as befit her faith. Their children were Alben T. ; Lydia Ann, deceased wife of Nathan E. Dubree; I'rancis, who died young ; Benjamin ; Reece, a cattle dealer and a farmer in Sadsbury township; John, who died young ; Richard ; George ; Mary, who mar- ried L. F. Davis, a contractor and builder in Phila- delphia; and Marvin. The paternal grandfather of Benjamin Eavenson wa? Ricnard fiavenson, of Chester county, Pa., of Welsh extraction, while the maternal grandparents were John and Mary (Taylor) Valentme. Benjamin ^avenson was married on March I, 1855, in Compassville, Lancaster county, to Martha Gibbs, by vyhom he had the folloyifing children: William J., \yho married Mary Scheide, is in the soap business noted above; Harry, who died at the age of twenty-four ; Mary, vvho died when about two years old ; Clara, deceased at the age of eleven ; and Marvin M., a horse dealer and liverymari in Christiana, who married Ida L. Whiteside. Mrs. Benjamin !Eavenson was born near Com- passville, Lancaster county, Feb. 7, 1830, a daugh- ter of William A. and Mary (Evans) Gibbs, farming people of Lancaster county. Her father, who died! at the age of fifty-five years, was born Sept. 29, 1794. The mother, Mary (Evans) Gibbs, was born Sept. 8, 1798, and died June 18, 1838. They left seven children as follows : William A., Susan, Elizabeth, Joseph, Martha and Mary (twins) and James. Of these Mary died young and Martha (Mrs. Eaven- son) died Aug. 3, 1899, in the seventieth year of her age. Mr. Eavenson lived on a farm until 1849, when he set him.self to learn the trade of a plasterer, which he followed until 1863. That year he took up the cattle business, and still later was a merchant at Black Horse, Chester county, where he held the postofhce until 1881. That year he came to Chris- tiana, and for about two ye^rs was out of business, taking up the stock business at the end of that time and he has earned a comfortable competence. In February, 1901, Mr. Eavenson was elected burgess for three years, and had been councilman for thr?e years. In his politics he is a Republican. He stands high in the community, and is known as a gentleman in the truest sense of the word. JOHN GIBSON (deceased). For many years the larger part of the building interests of the city of Lancaster, were in the capable hands of the late John (iibson, who was well known through Lancas- ter county, not only for his prominence as a builder and contractor of reliability, but also as a most estim- able and worthy citizen. He was born April 20, 1813, in Lancaster, and his lamented death occurred Aug.' 12, l8()i. He was interred in Woodward Plill cemetery. His parents were Alexander and Mary Gibson, also of Lancaster, their family consisting of four sons, namely: Alexander, Michael, WilRam arid John, all now deceased. The first marriage of John Gibson was to Miss Eli?abeth Nagle, two children being born to this union : John, who died at the age Of twenty years, and Elizabeth, who died young. The second mar- riage of Mr. Gibson was to Miss Susan Miller, iq i-ancaster, who w^s born Feb. 17, 1823, in Provi- dence township, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Raub) Miller, who were farming people in thisi county. .They were both consistent members of the Lutheran Church ; his remains rest in Wood- ward Hill cemetery in Lancaster, while she sleeps in Providence township. Their children were : Jo- nas; John; Jacob; Elizabeth; Esther; and Susan, who is the widow of Mr. Gibson. The children born^ to Mr. Gibson's second marriage were : Miller, who. died at the age of four years ; Jonas, who died at the age of five years ; Ada, who married Christian Far- rick, of Lancaster ; and Emma, who married Daniel Yackley, and has had four children, John, Walter and Ada being deceased, and Elmer L. surviving. The useful life of Mr. John Gibson was passed in Lancaster. H^ learned the trade of brick-layer and in the course of time became a prominent con- tractor and builder. His thoroughness and relia- bility made him known over a wide extent and placed, m?iny important contracts in his hands. He was the builder and contractor to whom Lancaster owes the, greater number of the stately, handsome and sub- stantial buildings which were erected during his ac- tive life. Among these may be mentioned the Stev- ens House, German Lutheran Church, Trinity Chap- el and a large number of the artistic residences, which mark this city as one of great beauty. One of his most remarkable feats was the erection of the Mishler "twenty-four hour" house, which was started and finished within twenty-four hours, ready and complete to live in. For fifteen years prior to his death he lived retired from active endeavor. He was a strong supporter of the Republican party, but would never consent to accept office. For a num- ber of years he was a valued member of Trinity Lutheran Church. A. C. ILYUS is best known as 'Squire Ilyus ta his fellow citizens in Manheim township, where he served twenty-nine years as justice of the peace. He has held various other public positons of trust, and has from early manhood been identified with the best interests of Lancaster county, forwarding every enterprise which promised benefit to his town and county. The Squire was born Jan. 17, 1837, in West Hempficld township, son of Abraham and Mary (Clair) Ilyus, and comes from one of the old and respected families of Manor township, where his father was born. Abraham Ilyus died Feb. 21, 1856, • in the prime of life. He was a shoemaker by'tradel 1180 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY His wife survived him many years, dying in. 1889, at the age of seventy-six. She was born inRapho township, as was also her father, Jacob Clair, a farm- er and weaver.. Mr. and Mrs. Ilyus had the following children who grew to. maturity : . Barbara, wife of William Watts, of Brentwood, Ark. ; A. C., our subject; Susan,, wife of Christian Snyder, of Kan- sas ; Anna .Mary, wife of Harry Bertzfield, of Co- lumbia, this county ; Elizabeth, wife of Michael Kreider, of Lancaster county, but now deceased; Magdelena, deceased wife of Amos Sehner, of East Hempfield township; and Sarah, deceased wife of William McClaini of Lancaster county. Until twenty-two years of age our subject lived in West Hempfield township. He was reared on a farm and attended the neighborhood schools. After a course of - study in the Mount Joy Academy, he feegan teaching during the fall of 1853, in Penn to\viiship, and for twelve terms successfully cop-' •ducted schools. The last six terms he was, stationed in two schools in Manheim township, and he taught, four terms, in the Neffsville school,, where he lo- cated, pernjailently in 1859. In 1866 he .abandoned Heaching, becorning a clerk- in the recorder's office an Lancaster, and the following year was transcrib- irig clerk in Harrisburg. In 1863 he was first elected ■assessor, which office he has -held altogether for over thirty-five years, In 1869 he was elected justice of the peace/ discharging the.' duties of this,, oiffice..up,. to January, J 894, when he resigned, ^pjach tirne:he, was re-elected on the Republican ticket, ajici.vijl^stfte only one to .fill the office in .^Neft'sville, Having la^fir: re-elected assessor of Mahheim .in 1872, he h^s con- tinuously held that position up to the present tiiro^. On April 15, 1893, he was nominated pa the Repub-, lican ticket for the, office. of Prothonotary^ ,.aiid was,, elected' that ,fall, talciiig his ,QffiGe at the beginning of the following year, and serving for a term of thrWe- years. For about seventeen years he was collector of the .§chppl tax in. this township, and is also a con-, ■veyancer. , '. ,, . . ■■,.. In West, Hempfield, 'Squire Ilyus was married,, in Septeiiiber, 1857; tp.Victoria Musselrnan, a na-. tive of Cumberland county, born July, 12., 1838,- •daughter of Henry Musselman, who taught .school in Mt. Jov and other places. In 1864 he enlisted in the ,i84th"p, V. I. At the battle of Petersburg his tongue, ■vvas' shot pfi" by a minie ball, he was made a- captive and he died in a Rebel hospital. At the tirne tljat he volunteered his services he was over the- regulation age, and he was a faithful and valiant' defender, pf the flag to the last. Of the children born to Mr. and Mrs. Ilyus, three are living: Harry M., who attended the Millersville State Normal ■school and is running a shoe store on North Queen street; Ed-ward B., formerly a student at the. State Normal, and now a practicing physician at No. 13 East Walnut street ; and A. Charles, a graduate . of the high school, who served as deputy clerk while bis father held the office of prothonotary, continued with Capt. Stauffer, our subject's successor, and with the present incumbent sorrie fifteen rnonths, Mrs. Ilyus, who passed away July i, .1896, was a member of the Lutheran Church and a most estim- able lady. ' On Oct. 8; 1901, the 'Squire married' Mrs. Julia A. Groff, widow of, Martin S. Groff, late of Kissel Hiil, this county, and daughter of John G. Hollinger, of Ephrata tO]ivnship. For over a quarter of a century, 'Squire Ilyus has been clerk of sales. He is particularly busy dur- ing the, winter, managing about .120 sales a year, besides which he has administered a number 6f es- f:g.tes. From 1885 to 1888 he was jury commissioner of the county, elected on the Republican ticket. When, rioniinated in the spring of 1893, he, was the success- ful one of four candidates, receiying, a majority of 168 votes. He -is a stockho][der in ,the Pe;6pre's Trust, Savings & Deposit Co., of which he "was one of the organizers, and is a director in the Pqojjle's Na- tioi;ial Baink, of Lancaster. ,Si,nc? the organization of the NeflFsville Mutual Fire Insurance Cp-', in 1878, he has been secretary, thereof. Nearly $1,800,000 of insurance have been placed in the township,; and, only, thirty cents oh $i,0QO a year has been pajd out in losses. The Manheim & Penri Tiirnpi^ke Co. was organized in 1 88 1 and built the road, on. .contract. It is a great convenience to the township^ £(hd the ■■,Squire was very active in carrying,, the movement forward. He served some fourtee,n years g.s secre- tary, of the company, pf late, he ,h^s- been 'very ^ac- tiye iri promoting the' construction, of eleetf ic , rail- roads in.the .c.punty. . ,....';• !,^ ' .. . . :' iHENRY:' WEAVER KBY-. '. Our, sister repub- lic, I'ttle ,3witzerl^nd, . is bPUii^,in sympathetic ties, to the gfsa.-ter republic pf thp' .'Occident, although thousands'of leagues of water and thousands of niiles intervene between the only two .republics, pure and sirqpte, that .exist on the face of 'the globe, and dem- pns,frate to the h^.tip,ns that man , is- capable pf self- gOTernment and cpmpetent to en.a,ct and maintain livfs that redound'to the greatest good pi the great- est .number,,. . While, hp truly- great or famous ''man has p.onie to Americ^ from, the, Httle republic to here, make his home,, nor ^any great numbers of the peas- antry and middle classes sought a refuge pri the spil of the United States,- there have been -planted se-veral . Swiss cplpriies thrpugljout the Union, and nurnerpus instances pf -indtviduai; immigration re-, suiting, in permanent residehc;^ •within pur country's bourn. The reason -for tljis sparse, coming is pbvi-. ous. The Swiss are a free people. Climatic rigors in the Alpine .hills and low-priced lands in this coun- try are among the causes that Igad to Swiss emigra-, tion .chiefly, more especially ;'of...the agricultural classes, and these are invariably stekdy-going, in- telligent arid industrious husbandmen, and they be- come most excellent and useful citi.zens.. Among the early pioneers of Lancaster, county, Pa., was Theodorus Eby, who came from Switzer- land in 1719, and settled in Salisbury township. From him have descended all of the family name BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1181 in the State, including several of more than a. local reputation. Henry Weaver Eby, a retired farmer of Salis- bury township, Lancaster county, a descendant of Theodorus above mentioned, was born on the farm he still occupies Dec. g, 1826, a son of Peter Eby and a brother of Bishop Isaac: Eby, to whom this isxm of 140 acres belongs; an adjoining farm df eighty acres is the property of Henry W. In 1866, how- ever, Henry W. retired from active participation in the cultivation of the place, but still keeps a su- pervision over it. Mr. Eby in politics is a Republican. He served thirteen years on the school board, and is still very popular with his party, as well as with the public in general. While not a member of any church, he has, nevertheless, proved himself a friend of all re- ligious movements. He is of a genial disposition and a gentleman of uiiswerving integrity, while his life of usefulness has won for him the unfeigned respect of his neighbors . and made for hini warm-hearted friends by the score far and near. JACOB R. MYERS, a well-known farmer of Manor township,, s a grandson of George Myers, and son of Jacob Myers, both of Lancaster county. George Myers lived and died in Manor township, where he conducted a distillery. Of. his early life not much is known, but he is supposed to have Tjeen born there. He was twice married, first to a Miss Hagentobler, by whom he had four children, Bar- bara, Betsey, Annie and Jacob (father of Jacob. R.,), The six children by his second marriage, which was_ to a Miss Knisley, were narried Daniel, George, Da- vid, Benjamin, Joseph and Henry. It is with those of the first union that this narrative is particularly concerned, since it is through that branch of the family that Jacob R. Myers traces his descent. Bar- bara became the wife of Henry Ament, of Washing- ton Borough. Betsey was three times married, her first husband being Rudy Stehman^ her second a Mr. Waller, and her third MichaeL Sneiik'. Aimie' was twice married, first to Christian Stehman, and after his death to John Lahdis. ; Jacob Myers, the father of Jacob R., passed most '. of his life in Manor township, where he owned a large farm which he cultivated with notable success , until within a few years of his death, when he re- tired and took up his residence in Mountville. He was a member of the Old Mennonite Church, a man of substance, and deservedly held in high esteem by . his neighbors and acquaintances. His first rriarriage was to Anna, daughter of Abraham Rohrer, of Ma- ^ nor, and after her demise he married Annie White. To the first union were born six children : Daniel, Elizabeth (wife of Levi Shuman), Mary, Jacob R., Annie and Abraham. Daniel was a farmer, and.bpth active and influential in local affairs; he married Mary Lehman, and died in 1899, at the age of six^,^ ty-two. Elizabeth married Levi Shuman. ■■■ Mary- married Abraham Charles, of Washington borough, Lancaster county. Annie (deceased) was the wife of Amos Lehman, of Manor. Abraham had his home at Steelton, Pa., he was formerly a merchant, but is now in the ministry of the United Brethren Church. By his second marriage Jacob Myers had a son, Henry, who resides at Columbia ; and a daugh- ter, Sadie, who is the wife of Abraham Kauffman, of Philadelphia. Jacob R. Myers was born in Manor township Feb. 26, 1843. He lived with his father on the lat- ter's farm, until he had completed his thirtieth year,, when he moved to his present home, one mile south, of Mountville. There he owns and conducts one of the finest farms in Lancaster county, comprising loi acres, highly improved. He is energetic and lib- eral, progressive and public-spirited, and one of Lan- caster's most influential citizens. He was one of the organizers and is a director of the Mouiltville Na- tional Bank, and is secretary of the Mountville Tilan- ufacturing Co. Mr. Myers has held local offices, among them that of school director. His political creed is Republican, and in religious faith he is a, Mennonite. He takes a deep and active interest in church affairs, contributing liberally to the cause of religion, is a trustee of the Habecker Church, and was among the foremost in securing the erection of the! church edifice of his denomination in Mountville. On Jan. 3, 1873, Jacob R. Myers married Eliz- abeth Seitz, daughter of Jacob Seitz, of Manor town- ship, and one son has blessed their union, Charles., He was born Jan. 29, 1876, and is by trade a ma- chinist. He married Martha Shenk, daughter of Abraham Shenk, of Manor, and resides in Colum- bia. JOHN HOMSHER, long time a successful mer- . chant at Bartville, Lancaster coiinty, was born in Sadsbury township, Jan. 27, 1826, son of John and Mary (Coon) Homsher. Daniel Homsher, his grandfather^ was born in 1 76 1, in Germany, and came to this country, settling ill Montgomery county. His wife, Barbara Spear- iing, was also born in Germany in 1761. They had a, family of five sons and two daughters : Peter,. John, Jacob, Samuel, William, Maria and Cather- ine. John Homsher, son of Daniel and father of John, was bom in Montgomery county in June, 1792, and was reared and educated in his native county, where he learned the tailor's trade, which he followed until the death of his wife in 1858. From that time until his death in April, 1872, he made his home with our subject. John Homsher and his wife, who was Mary Coon, a native of Philadelphia, were reared as Presbyterians, but in later years became members of the Methodist Church. They had a family of ten children : ( i ) Mary J., born in 1822, married Will- •. 'iam R. Leach, a native of Bart township, and after some years moved to Pomeroy, Chester county, "where she died leaving three sons, John, William and Louis, all of whom have become prominent in Ches-- 1182 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ter county. (2) Ffank, born in March, 1824, is now a retired business man of Christiana. (3) John is the subject of this sketch. (4) Theodore, born in Lancaster county, in 1828, is now a retired merchant of Kearneysville, \¥. Va., where he has a family of four children: Mary, Frank, Bell and Vii'ginia. (5) Susan B., born in March, 1830, married J. R. Townsend, a prominent business man of Smyrna,, Lancaster county, and is the mother of five children : Howard, Ellwood, Moi-ris, Ella and Elizabeth. (6) Lydia A., born in 1832, married William H. James, a commission merchant of Philadelphia, and they have three children: Theodore, Mary and Alice. (7) Amanda, born in 1836, married John Supplee, who died in Philadelphia, where she still resides. They ha.d one daughter, Mary, who is the wife of John Casey, of Philadelphia. (8) Charles W., boi-n in 1839, i^ Liaiicaster county, where he was reared to manhood. He enlisted in one of the Indiana cav- alry regiments, and served during the Civil warj and for nine months was in Libby Prison. After the War he carte back to Lancaster county and was mar- ried to Miss Ella Baughman, of Philadelphia. He became a foreman in one of the marble works of that city, and he was killed by a slab of marble falling: upon him. (9) Sarah L., born July 4, 1841, married Samuel Townsend, of Smyrna, how a retired busi- ness man of Christiana, (ip) Miss Catherine, bOrn in July, 1843, resides in Philadelphia. John Homsiier received his education in the dis- trict schools, and when, a young man became an adept at the tailor's trade, which, however, he did not long pursire. In 1850, he formed a partnership with his brother-in-law, J. R. Townsend, and, en- gaged in a store at Smyrna., At the expiratioa of about two years Mr. HomSher bought out his broth- er-in-law, and for seven years carried on business alone, or until i860, when he sold out, and then pui-- chased a farm in Bart township, in the cultivation of which he was engaged for the ensuing six years. Previous to engaging in Ja.rmihgf he was postmaster of Smyrna, Lancaster county, five years ; was post- master under James Buchanan, and he has been post- master of Bartville for thirty-six years. In 1867 he purchased the real estate of Thomas Ferguson, and set up a store in Bartville, in the management of which he has continued to the present time. John Homsher was married in 1853 to Rachel E. Coulter, who was born Oct. 20, 1830, daughter of John and Eleanor Coulter. To this union have come three children: (l) Viella L. Homsher, who received her education in the select and the Union High Schools, lives at home; she is regarded as a woman of more than the usual charms and graces. (2) Elmer died when a boy of seven years. (3) Howard N., a partner with his father at Etart- ville, married Miss Lizzie Montgomery, of Colerain, who died in 1895, leaving him one daughter, Olive Frances. Howard N. Homsher is an active worker and leader in the Democratic ranks of Lan- caster county, and was elected in the fall of 1000 jury commissioner for a term of three years. John Homsher is a Democrat, and bias served a number of years as school dii-ectOr of Bart town- ship. All tills family belong to the Presbyterian Church, and are highly esteemed for their many good qualities and their genuine worth. MILLER ECKMAN, one of the most substantial and highly respected fai-mers of Lancaster county, now retired from activity and a i-esident of Lancas- ter City, was born near Puseyville, in Colerain town- ship, Lancaster county, Nov. 22, 1820, a son of Ja- cob ind Catherine (Miller) Eckman, natives of Eden and Strasburg townships, respectively, The Eckman family is an old one in, Lancaster county, and was founded there by a German emi- grant by the name of HyriiiimoUS Eckman, who married' a Miss Slaymaker, accompanying the lat- ter 's family to Lancaster county in 1706. John Eckman, son of the emigrant and grand- father of Miller Eckitrafl, marfied Katie Foutz, and became an extensive farmer in Ede.n township. Jacob Eckman, son of John, died in Li^ncaster City, Nov. 18, 1858, at the age p'f seventy-two years. He, married Catherine, daughter of David Miller, of Lampeter township, who died March 15, 1880, at the age of oinety-two years, and vvas buried by the side of her husband in the Menrionite cemetery, both having been members of the New Mennonite Church. They had the following childreri born to them : Maria, Widow of George Trout, lives at Mount Pleasant, Pa.; Elizabeth, widow of Charles Kirkwood ; Susan, widow of Frank Brabson ; Katie, widow of Amos Greist; Iskac, who died in 1859; Miller, of this sketch ; Joshua, who died in Kansas ; David, liying in Kansas City ; Jacob is a blacksmith in Philadelphia; and Hester A. deceased wife of Christian Kreider, of Lampeter township. Jacob Eckman, the father, was a wagonmaker by trade, and carried on a large business for years, and then became an extensive farmer. He owned three line farms at his deatli, and in 1855 ^^^^^ ^^^ home in this city where he died. He had six acres of land which is a part of Lancaster City. Miller Eckman grew up On the farm and re- mained on the old place until 1S66, whetl as adminis- trator he sold it, and in 1S65 he sold his own farm to John Geiger, removing at that time into Lancas- ter. Desiring to see something of the country, when a young tnan, Mr. Ecknian started on a western tour which he extended over several years, during which time he traveled over many States. He has crossed the Allegheny mountains some eighteen times. After his location in Latlcaster he passed the succeeding twenty-two years in teaming, later working at the carpenter trad^, in which he had become skilled. With the assistance of one heljjer, he did all the work on seven houses which still stand to attest his capa- . bility. Mr. Eckman also took a prominent part for BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1188 some years in city politics, and from 1874 until he resigned in 1878, he was a member of the City Coun- cil from Republican wards. He has served on the jury many times and has always willingly assumed the duties of go6d citizenship. He is a member of ihe Presbyterian Church, and for the past eight years has been one of the trustees. Mr. Eckman owns a large amount of valuable city property, both im- proved and otherwise, and is regarded as one of the substantial citizens. On March 21, 1848, in Lancaster, Mr. Eckman was married to Elizabeth Epkman, a distant rela- tive, and a datighter of Martin and Catherine (Eck- man) Eckman. To this union was born : George E., a clerk in the postoffice, who married Miss Fi- lena Harry, who was born in New Garden, Chester county, a daughter of John and Sarah P. (Harry) Harry, farming people of that county. One son has been born to Mr. and Mrs. GeOrge Eckman, Harry M. Mrs. Miller Eckthan was born in Little Britain township, and died Nov. 10, 1890, aged seventy- seven years and two days. She was laid to rest in Woodward Hill cemetery. Miller Eckman enjoys most excellent health de- spite his advancing years, and in both mental poise and physical appearance reflects the advantages of an active and >vell regulated life. He takes a deep in- terest in current literature, this being enhanced on account of his exceHent eyesight, requiring no assist- ance from the lens of the oculist. He is universally esteemed, and is well-known through Lancaster county where his friends are many. JACOB A. BAIR. For more than a quarter of a century Jacob A. Bair has been the popular and efficient proprietor of the "Williamstown Hotel" at the village of Vintage, Paradise township, Lancas- ter county. He had been a successful farmer in his eirlie'r life, and as hotel keeper he soon becanie wide- Ij' and favorably known to the traveling public^ for he possessed those qualities of heart and mind which endear the host of the inn to his guests, and he is the representative of one of the old and honored fam- ilies of Lancaster county. Jacob A. Bair was born in Leacock township, Jan. 30, 1832, son of William and Mary Ann (Trout) Bair, and the grandson of David Bair, in his time a leading farmer of Earl township. Mary Ann Trout, the mother of Jacob A. Bair, was a di- rect descendant in the fi^th generation frorn Conrad Rutter, who migrated to America in 1683, lo- cating first on the site of Germantown, Pa., which town he helped to found. He rernoved to Montgom- ery county, and later in 1716 came to Leacock town- ship, Lancaster county, with his three sons, locating on 588 acres of land. His descendants were among the most honored and respected citizens of Lancaster county, as clearly set forth in the history of the Rut- ter family. William Bair, the father of Jacob A., Jived to the age df eighty-four years, and the mother died at sixty-four. To them were born the follow- ing children: Martin, deceased; David, deceased; Jacdb A., whose sketch appears herewith; Samuel, who resides near New Holland, Earl township; Amanda, wife of Laban RaucTc, of New Jersey; EHas, of Philadelphia; Mary Ann, wife of Harry Weidler, of I>ahcaster City; and Hannah, wife of Amos Brackbill, of Strasburg township. Jacob A. Bair was reared on the farm of one hun- dred acres in Leacock township, where his father lived most of his life and received his education in the common schools. At the age of twenty-one he began life on his o\Vn accbtlnt -by taking charge of a farrn of his father's in Leacock township. . He con- tinued actively, engaged in fairrning in Leacock and Paradise townships until 1876, when he removed to the village of Vintage, where he has since resided, all the while as owner and projprietor df the "Will- iamstown hotel." He has, by his long experience in that capacity, amply demonstrated that he is the right man in the right place. He is genial and whble-sduted, and his hostelry is famed throughout the eastern part of Lancaster county. Mr. Bair is alsb a well-known sportsman, with a special fond- ness for fox-hunting. His pack of fox hounds are of the best, and he has in his stdbles the right kind of horses to fdllow. He has given considerable at- tention to horses of the track Arariety, and has won during the past few years some good races. Mr. Bair married in 1853 Miss llachael Royer, daughter of Jdhn Royer, of Leacock township. To Mr. and Mrs. Bair have been born nine children, namely: Henry, who died at the age 6i twenty- two years ; Josephine, wife of Henry Eby, of Phila- delphia ; Annk Mary ; Catherine ; Elizabeth, a sten- og-rapher with the Hazleton National Bank, Hazle- ton; Clara; Rachael, wife of Edward Livingston, of Point Pleasant, N. J. ; Jacob, who married Miss Nora Russell, of Gap; and Clement, assistant clerk for the supervisor of the Pennsylvania railroad at Wall, Pa. Although now seventy years of age Mr. Bair has the appearance and activity of a man many years his junior. He is exceedingly well preserved and enjoys 'the friendship and esteem of a wide cir- cle of friends. JOHN GROSH, prothonotary of Lancaster county, although a familiar figure in Lancaster, par- ticularly about the Court House, lives on the old family homestead in Landis Valley, Manheim town- ship, where he carries on farming of the most pro- gressive kind. His great-grandfather came from Germany, and his grandfather, Thomas Grosh, died at Neffsville in 1879, aged seventy-ive years, after having lived a retired life for twenty years. Thomas Grosh married Sophia Shfeiner, a descendant of the Shreiner \vho emigrated from Germany and settled in Manheim township, in 1730, and of the same fam- ily of Shreiners who, for three generations, owned the land upon which the Lancaster Trust Com- pany Building, on North Queen street, now stands. 1184 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Thomas Grosh lived in the old homestead and was succeeded there by his son, Daniel S. Grosh, and in this house Prothonotary John Grosh was born. It is one of the oldest houses in Lancaster county. Daniel S. Grosh, father of our subject, died March 31, 1881, aged fifty years. He married Sarah Ann Hostetter, a daughter of the late John Hostetter, a prominent farmer, miller, drover and general business man of Manheim. John. Grosh was born Jan. 20, 1854, on the old homestead in Landis Valley, and was married on Dec. 18, 1877, to Anna Elizabeth Weitzel, daughter of Elias and Susanna Weitzel, of Reamstown. The children born to this union are: Clarence Weitzel and Jennie Stewart, the former being a clerk in his father's office. Mr. Grosh has farmed the old homestead of 141 acres from 1877 to the present time, and is, besides, a dealer in leaf tobacco. He has always been an ardent Republican, and the esteem in which he. is held in his home district is evidenced frorn the fact that he was chosen a Republican county committee- man for ten years, has served as a school director for nine years (seven years as president of the board and two years as treasurer), was elected a delegate to the State Republican Convention which met at Harrisburg in 1880, and was triumphantly elected to the responsible office of prothonotary of Lancaster county in November, 1899. Mr. Grosh's family belong to St. Paul's Reformed Church, in this city. He is an Odd Fellow, of which order he is a past officer, and he also belongs to the Young Repub- licans and the Citizens' Republican Club. In lodge, club and business and social circles Mr. Grosh is exceedingly popular, and no man in the county enr joys a better reputation in all the things that go to make the good citizen. WILLIAM S: CARPENTER. The term, or word, "boniface," from time immemorial, has been employed to designate the proprietor, landlord, or keeper of an inn, tavern, or hotel, according to cus- tom of the people among whom such a house or pub- lic accommodation may be located, boniface being a word compounded from the French and English, sig- nifying "good-natured or pleasing," the last syllable being self-explanatory. The term is not ina;ptly ap- plied to the gentleman whose name opens this bio- graphical notice. William S. Carpenter, proprietor of the "Bellevue Hotel" at Gap, Lancaster county, was born in Lam- peter Square, West Lampeter township, May 29, 1863, a son of Alpheus and Martha (Weaver) Car- penter, natives of the same place. Alpheus Carpenter was a contractor, builder and undertaker at Lampeter Sauare, where he died in February, 1896, at the age of sixty-nine years, his re- mains being interred in Longenecker's meeting house cemetery. Mrs. Martha (Weaver) Carpenter, who was born in 1831, has her home in Lancaster. The surviving children born to Alpheus and Martha Car-^ penter are Katie A., Ida E. and William S., the daughters being single and residing with their mother. The paternal grandfather of William S. Carpenter, who married Elizabeth Grubbs, was of Swiss origin, but was born in Lancaster, Pa. He was a contractor and builder and died in Lampeter Square. The maternal grandparents were Samuel and Martha (Rush) Weaver, also of Swiss extrac- tion. Samuel W"eaver by calling was a farmer and died in May, 1887, m Lancaster,- one of its most re- spected residents. William S. Carpenter was united in marriage in Lancaster, May 18, 1887, with Miss Alice B. Rowe, of whom further mention will be made. To their union have been born the following children: Mar- ian (deceased), Edith C, Cora, John A., (deceased), and Ernily F. Mrs. Alice B. (Rowe) Carpenter was born in Providence township,- Lancaster county, Dec. 24, 1867, a daughter of Benjamin F. and Elizabeth (Miller) Rowe, members of one of the oldest and mo"st distinguished families of Lancaster county. Benjamin F. Rowe was personally very popular throughout Lancaster county. He was elected to numerous township offices, and was the youngest man ever elected sheriff of Lancaster county. In the latter capacity he hanged two negroes — Ander- son and Richards — a painful duty, but unavoidable under the law. After his term as sheriff he was dep^ uty sheriff three terms. He died at the age of sixty- six years, and was buried in the Brick Meeting House cemetery in Lampeter township. In 186 1 Mr. Rowe enlisted in the three-months' service in a Pennsylvania regiment, and after his discharge he was appointed assessor of Internal Revenue and served until Johnson's term as president. He was a prominent up-to-date, self-made man, and was popu- lar as an auctioneer. Acquiring considerable money he was classed among the wealthy citizens of his town, and was of such genial and generous disposi-; tion, that he shared much of his wealth among his friends, and died with but limited means. Mrs. Rowe was a member of the Mennonite Church. William S. Carpenter acquired a sound educa- tion in the district schools, and after finishing his- studies he united with his father in conducting a contracting and building business which was con- tinued until 1888, when he went. to Rawlinsville, Lancaster county, and opened a hotel, which he suc- cessfully managed for two years. In 1890 he came to Gap and took charge- of the "Bellevue," which is- universally acknowledged to be one of the best kept in Lancaster county. This popular hotel is a brick structure of thirty rooms, and is equipped with all modern improvements and conveniences, such as stationary wash-stands and bath-tubs with hot and cold water, electric lights, etc., and was erected by \¥alker, Rutter & Eby in 1886. The table is fur- nished with all that could be desired by the most fas- tidious epicure. Mr. Carpenter is a well read gentleman and pos- BIOGIlAPHfCAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1185 sesses a library that exhibits a collectiom of volumes that are a credit to tfie taste and eradition of Ae owner. Fraternally he is a Master Mason and po- litically a Republican. EZEKIEL G. WEBB, a prominent and success- ful farmer of East Drumore to^vnship, Lancaster county, was bom in Colerain township March 7, 1841, a son of Henry and Eliza (Griiifith) Webb, both natives of Chester county, Pennsylvania. The history of the Webb family in Lancaster county begins in 1686. Ezekiel Webb, the great- grandfather of E. G„ was a soldier of the Revolu- tion. By his wife Cordelia he had the following children: Elizabeth, born Feb. 10, 1773, between twelve and one o'clock in the afteirnoon; Rebecca, born about four o'clock in the morning, Aug. 16, 1775, departed this life May 26, 1776; Sarah, born at one o'clock -in the afternoon, March 3, 1777, mar- ried a Copelaiid ; Hannah, born at ten o'clock in the morning, March i, 1779, married a Harlan; and Thomas, born near five o'clock in the morning, March 10, 1781. Thomas Webb, youngest son of Ezekiel and Cor- delia, was one of the leading farmers of his day, and was extensively engaged in the manufacture of cot- ton. He owned a gristmill and over 300 acres of land. He was connected by marriage with the Har- lan family, who came from England. With his wife Esther (Paxton) he settled for a time at Chadd's Ford, but later moved to Unionville, where his son Henry was born, and where both Thomas and his wife died. They became the parents of the fol- lowing family: (i) Henry is mentioned below. (2) Ezekiel married a Miss Orr, of Chester county, and settled on a farm in Colerain township, where he died while still a young man; his widow and her children returned to Chester county, where they all died. (3) Thomas married Mary Lilly, and entered into business as a farmer and miller. He was a man of education, and was a teacher and surveyor ; he organized the first bank in Chester county. His family were: John, Howard, William (deceased), Jane (who married John Hoopes, of Westchester) •and Ruth (at her home in Westchester, Pa.). (4) William married for his first wife Sarah Coats, who died leaving two sons, Henry C. and George, His second wife was Phebe Pownall, by whom he had six children: Joseph, William, Pownall, Hettie (vdio married C. Chanler, and is deceased), Katie and Phebe (the wife of Howard Maule, Chester ; county). (5) Mary married Caleb Woodward, and both are deceased. They left a family of five children : ; four girls and one son, Brinton Webb. These chil- ' dren are all deceased except Mary Hannah, who' married Morris McFarland, who died in young 1 manhood, leaving his widow with two children,: Caleb and Anna (who married Alfred Hallowell). (6) Matilda married George Walters, and both havej passed away. (7) Jane married William Taylor and I is deceased. (8) Hettie married Rule Jeflferes, of 75 Chester comity. (9) Sarah married James Cloud and lived in Chester county. Henry Webb was born in Unionville April 19, .1806, and was reared in Chester county, engaging in the milling business with his father. He was married in December, 1829, to Eliza Griffith, wha was born in August, 1808, daughter of Hanaman Griffith, of Chester county. They lived for a fevy years in that county, when he bought a farm irk Colerain township, where he lived for a time, and then moved to the farm of his uncle, Ezekiel Webb, which had come into his possession. In 1847 Hen- ry Webb was persuaded by his father to return tp Chester county, where he made his home until 1852, in which year he resumed his residence on his Lan- caster county farm. In 1872 he sold this property to live with his children until his death, in 1887, his wife passing away the previous year. Mr. Webb was a Whig and a Republican, and took aii active interest in politics. In religion he and his wife were Friends. They had the following family : ( i) Matilda married Simeon Pownell, and long lived 'in Sadsbury township, retiring from active life afid making their home in Harrisburg, a few years ago; their family are: Joseph, a business man; How- ard, the railroad physician at Altoona, Pa.; Mafy and Phoebe. (2) John P., born in March, 1833, went to California, in 1849, where he married Miss Rebecca Boyse and engaged in a mercantile life, dy- ing in 1887, leaving ten children : Nelson ; Harry ; Abraham ; Anna ; Katie ; John, who is deceased ; Ed- ward; Mary; Cora; and Frederick. (3) Mary J., born in Colerain township in April, 1834, married Pennington Moore and settled in Colerain town- ship, where she died in 1880, leaving four children : Simeon, a business man of Philadelphia; Henry, a physician in Philadelphia; Thomas E., a shoe mer- chant of Philadelphia ; and Mabel, who married Jos- q)h Berlin, also a shoe merchant of that city. (4) Thomas, born in April, 1836, became a school teach- er, and in 1862 entered the Union army on an enlist- ment of two years. When he was mustered out he went to California and met with a large success as a ranchman and stock raiser; Mary Watson, his wife, was a graduate of the Millersville State Nor- mal, (s) William H., born in. June, 1838, was reared in Colerain township, where he engaged as a farmer and merchant, and after some years went west to Des Moines, Iowa, where he is now living a retired life. His wife died in 1900, the mother of two children: Lillian, who died in her young womanhood ; and William, who is a druggist in St. Joseph, Mo. (6) Ezekiel G is sixth in the order of birth. (7) Eliza R., born in April, 1843, married Marshall Hastings, a farmer in Colerain township, and is the mother of two children: Minnie, wife of A. Campbell, a farmer of Chester county; and William, of Colerain township. (8) Pearson, born in Colerain township in May, 1845, mar- ried Miss Becking and is now living in Philadelphia ; they have had a family of six children : Harry, a 1186 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY business man of Wayne; Frank, a railroad con- ductor, as is his brother WilHam, both being in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railway Co.; Louisa; Mabel; and Anna, at home. (9) Sarah L., born in Colerain township Jan. 17, 1849, married Will- iam Hogg, a farmer, and died in her native town- ship in 1882, the mother of four children: Anna, who is Mrs. Ellwood Moore, of Chester county; Me- Sissa, married Dr. Gilbert Hagee, of Kirkwood, Lan- caster county; William and Harry reside in Ches- ter, where William is a laborer, and Harry, is in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad. JEzekiel G. Webb was educated in the Union High Schools of Lancaster county, and was living at home when the war broke out. He enlisted in Co. G, I22d P. V. I., and two weeks later was engaged in the second battle of Bull Run. His regiment was at Antietam, and in the thick of the battle at Fred- ericksburg. It was engaged at Chancellorsville, and made throughout its history a most honorable record. When Mr. Webb's term of enlistment ex- pired he re-enlisted in Independent Battery I. He was at Gettysburg and in many other stirring and thrilling scenes. As a member of the battery he was stationed near Washington, where he remained until the war closed, being honorablv discharged in June, 1865. At the close of the war Mr. Webb came back to Lancaster county. In February, 1868, he was mar- ried to Narcissa D. Wright, a daughter of Samuel and Mary J. (Clayton) Wright. Her father was born in Sadsbury township, and settled in Little Britain, where he died, leaving a widow, who is still living on the old homestead. Mrs. Webb is the eld- est daughter of five children, and was born in Little Britain, in November, 1842. Her early education was obtained in the local school, and she was later a student in the Millersville State Normal, and for eight years she was one of the successful teachers of Lancaster county. Mr. and Mrs. Webb settled in Drumore town- ship, on a farm, where they remained for a time, then moving to his father's farm in Colerain. There he remained until 1876, when he purchased the Captain Lovitt homestead in East Drumore, a mile east of Mechanics Grove, where he has made general im- provements, and now owns one of the fine farms of this section of the county. Mr. and Mrs. Webb have three children: (i) Adella, born in June, 1869, was a student at the Millersville State Normal. For twelve years in the schools of Lancaster she has been a successful teacher, nine years teaching in her native township. (2) Mary E., born in No- vember, 1870, was educated in the public schools, going to Union high school and Fernwood, and was married in December, 1894, to Charles Patterson, of Lancaster county. They are living on the old homestead of his grandfather in Little Britain, and have a son, Horace W., born in 1896, and a daugh- ter, Elizabeth N., born in 1898. (3) Ada V., born in October, 1872, had her education in the public schools. She married Thomas C. Harverstick and lives at Kirkwood, where he is engaged in the furni- ture and undertaking business. Their one daugh- ter bears the name of Delia. Ezekiel G. Webb, is a Republican. He is a member of the Grand Army Post at Quarryville, and he also belongs to the Masonic fraternity, being af- filiated with the lodge at Christiana. In religion he and his wife belong to the Colerain Baptist Church. They belong to old and prominent families. Mrs. Webb is noted as a woman of scholarly attainments and refined character. Mr. Webb sustains the honor of the family name, and sustained a good character in the war. His temper and disposition are cheer- ful and bright, and he is always looking on the happy side. Honest and upright, he bears a fine reputation as a man and a citizen. LANDIS. In the latter part of the sixteenth century, in Switzerland, members of the Landis family were well known for their devotion to their religious belief — a devotion that caused them to teach the Word of God in spite of persecution. In September, 161.1., Hans Landis was beheaded for his faith, and he was the last person in that country to suffer the death penalty for religious conviction. In 1660 the Landis family, with others, were driven from the country to find homes elsewhere. In 1717 three brothers. Rev. Benjamin, Felix and John Landis, all of whom were Swiss Mennonites from the vicinity of Manheim, on the River Rhine, came to America, to find in the New World freedom to worship God. Like most emigrants," they were com- paratively poor. Rev. Benjamin Landis, who was the ancestor of those of the name in Lancaster coun- ty, purchased 240 acres of land from William Penn and the Conestoga Indians, receiving his patent therefor in 1718. He and his son, Benjamin (2), began at once to farm. Benjamin Landis (2) be- came the father of four sons, Benjamin (3), Abram, Jacob and Henry, and these were the first American born children of the family. (III) Benjamin Landis (3) moved to Manheim township in 1751-53. After buying out his brother- in-law he owned in all from 800 to 1,000 acres of land about three miles from Lancaster, near the Reading road, and not far from the Landis Valley Meeting House. In 1749 Benjamin Landis (3) married Anna Suavely, only daughter of John Suavely, and they had three sons : (IV) Hansel (John), born March 15, 1755; Benjamin (4), called "Bennie," born in the winter of 1756 ; and Henry, born Dec. 5, 1760. Their home was a place of refuge for many Swiss emigrants, who enjoyed their hospitality until homes could be secured for them. (IV) Henry Landis, youngest son of Benjamin (3), was blind. He became the father of a son, Henry. (V) Henry Landis, son of blind Henry, was born and raised in Manheim' township. He married BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1187 Anna Long, of the same township, and to them were born ten children, namely: Benjamin, John, Hen- ry, Isaac, Jacob, Susan, Elizabeth, Nancy, Barbara and Mary, all of whom were married except Mary, Avho died single. (VI) Benjamin Landis, son of Henry, was a farmer and a miller, and owned seven large farms and two grist mills in this part of the county, and his name survives as that of a capable and energetic business man. He died at the age of forty years, in the faith of the Mennonite Church. His chil- dren were as follows : Fianna, who became the wife of Benjamin Gerber; Isaac L., father of Levi L. Landis ; Eliza, who married John Hess ; Henry L., a farmer in Manheim township, who married Cath- erine Reist; Fannie, who married Samuel Hess; Benjamin L., who married Mary Landis ; Anna, wife ■of Samuel Hershey ; Israel, unmarried ; Amelia, wife of Michael Nolt; Daniel, who married Maria Erb; and Maria, wife of Levi Getz. Isaac L. Landis, the father of Levi L., was born April 14, 1823, and spent his life in Manheim town- ship, where he held the office of town auditor for many years. His death occurred Feb. 11, 1897. Mr. Landis was twice married, his first wife being Elizabeth Long, a daughter of Benjamin and Susan (Rude) Long. She was born in Manheim town- ship in 1829, and died March 31, 1852, the mother of three children, two of whom died in infancy, and Levi L. being her only surviving child. After the death of his first wife Mr. Landis was married to Susan Landis, daughter of David Landis, of- near Witmer. Of this marriage were born ten children, of whom five are living: Rev. Noah L., of Ore- gon; Annie, wife of Rudolph Herr, of Petersburg; John L. and Milton L., both of Oregon ; and Eli L., of Farmersville. The family all belonged to the Mennonite Church. Levi L. Landis was born and reared on the old homestead near Oregon, and had his education in the public schools. When twenty-six years of age he began operations on his own account, locating on a farm of sixty-two acres between Nefifsville and Kissel Hill. He made his home on this farm for eleven years, when he moved to his present location between Nefifsville and Petersburg, where he has a place of twenty-five acres. This place has been very substantially improved by the erection of a new dwelling house, a barn and a creamery, with two large tobacco sheds. Mr. Landis has bought and sold many fine residences in the city of Lancaster, and at the present time owns several fine houses in the city. He also owns four farms in Manheim township, comprising 281 acres, which places have been greatly improved by him, and are considered among the best in that section of the county. Mr. Landis has bought two large lots in Neff sville, where he is preparing to build three houses on one lot, and on the other a fine residence, to which he will move and live retired. Mr. Landis is a progressive and prosperous farmer, and has given much attention to cattle and sheep raising. His public spirit is un- questioned, and he has amassed a handsome com- petency through his own efforts. On Sept. 18, 1877, Mr. Landis was married to Anna S. Graybill, daughter of Peter and Molly G. (Sahm) Graybill, who was born July 16, 1853. To this union has come one child, Graybill G., born April 3, 1 88 1, who now looks after the interests of his parents. They are members of the Mennonite Church. The Grayeili, Family was founded in Lancaster county by John Graybill, who came with his brother from London, and was one of the early pioneers in the county, where he purchased from William Penn, receiving a patent, a tract of 300 acres of wild land, one mile north of Petersburg. There he built a house and reared his family. It is still owned by some of his descendants, being sixth in line from him. From the beginning of its history in this country, and even before, the family have constantly been asso- ciated with the Mennonite Church. Each genera- tion has not been prolific in its offspring, consequent- ly there are but few living representatives of this honored name. Five successive generations of the Graybill family have each had a Peter Graybill. Peter Graybill, grandfather of Mrs. Levi L. Lan- dis, was a son of John. He was born and bred on the homestead, which he owned and tilled, and he be- came one of the very substantial citizens of the coun- ty. He was long a director in one of the Lancaster banks. By his wife, Susan Miller, who attained the advanced age of eighty-four, he became the fa- ther of two sons, David and Peter. His death oc- curred when he was aged seventy-five years. Peter Graybill, son of Peter and father of Mrs. Levi L. Landis, was in the sixth generation from John, the emigrant ancestor. He was an extensive farmer, owning about 400 acres of fine land, on which he made valuable improvements. Always interested in questions of the day, he took an active part in public affairs, and served on the school board. His death occurred Aug. 5, 1894, when he was aged seventy-seven years and four months. Peter Gray- bill was married to Molly G. Sahm, a daughter of George Sahm, of Rapho township ; she is still living, at the advanced age of seventy years. To this union were born four children who reached maturity: Miss Lizzie S. ; Anna S., wife of Levi L. Landis, of Manheim township; Jdhn S., a farmer of Witmer, who married Mary Sensenig and has four children, namely, Ammon, Mmnie, Peter and Mary ; Peter S., a farmer and stock dealer of Manheim township, who married Mary Weidler and has four children, Alice, Susan, Ada and W"eidler. Peter Graybill was a member of the Mennonite Church, while his wife belongs to the Lutheran. JACOB FORD KAUTZ, the well-known coal dealer of South Water street, in the. city of Lan- caster, comes from an old and respected Lan- caster family. His great-grandfather, John F. 1188 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Kautz, was born in Germany, but came to the United States, settled in Lancaster county and engaged at farming. His son, Jacob Frederick Kautz, father of the subject of this sketch, was a brick manufacturer, and associated with the late Henry E. Carson, the firm, Kautz & Carson, operating three brick yards, one in Willowstreet, Lancaster county, and two in Lancaster City. Mr. Kautz was also a contractor, and did a great deal of work for the Pennsylvania & Lehigh Valley R. R. Co., and he macadamized a number of public roads in Lancaster, notably the Safe Harbor, Millersville, Oregon, Horse Shoe and Philadelphia and New Danville, the latter having been his last work of the kind. He was a prominent Democrat, and was the associate of such men as the late Col. Reah Frazer ; the late Col. John M. Forney (then a Democrat) ; the brilliant George Ford, for whom he named his son Jacob Ford, and James Buchanan. When the latter be- came President of the United States Mr. Kautz was made Government Surveyor, and he spent two years on the Pacific coast surveying the boundaries of Washington territory. Returning to Lancaster at the beginning of the Rebellion, he engaged in farm- ing on the Reigart's Landing farm, which he had purchased, and after ten years' residence there, re- tired from active life. This farm contained large de- posits of fine building sand, in which he dealt ex- tensively. Mr. Kaiitz was a Lutheran, and was jirominent in Masonry. He married Miss Barbara Cashweiler. daughter of the late George Cashweiler, farmer of the lower end of Lancaster county. To this union nine children were born, four of whom are living: Barbara E., widow of the late W. H; Shultz, of Moore station, Delaware Co. ; Anna, widow of the late D. W. Deidrich, of Lancaster; Emma, wife of William Morgan, in the iron busi- ness in Allegheny City; and Jacob Ford, of Lan- caster. Jacob Ford Kautz was born in the old family home on West King street Sept. 14, 1848, and was educated in the public schools of Lancaster. ifVt twelve years of age he began work for his father in the brick business, staying in it for three years. In 1863 he enlisted in Co. K, 77th P. V. I,, serving to the end of the war, seeing service in the battles of Chattanooga, Mission Ridge, in the march to At- lanta, in the three days' fig-ht at Nashville, ' in the battles of Pulaski, Spring Hill and Franklin, Tenn., and finally, before the surrender of Lee, he was sent to Texas, where he v/as mustered out in Decem- ber, 1865. Returning to Lancaster he went to work on his father's farm at Reigart's Landing, and after spending a few years there operating the sand banks he went to Philadelphia to be shipping clerk for an extensive metal dealing house. .A.fterward he went into the grocery business in Philadelphia. Again returning to Lancaster, he went into the ice busi- ness for three years, and his next venture was the coal trade, which he entered twenty-six years ago, and has since successfully engaged in it. Mr. Kautz was a Democrat, and no man in the Seventh ward, in which he lives, has a greater fol- lowing, or more influence, than he. He was a mem- ber of the Lancaster school board for fifteen years,, during which time he was constantly a member of important committees, and was chairman of the Finance committee for six years, retiring from the school board on account of moving into another dis- trict. He has also served six years . in the select branch of city councils, and four years as member of ■the common branch, and his record has been good on both. He was twice nominated for mayor of the ;city, but respectfully declined both times. ! Mr. Kautz married Miss Catherine E. Ochs,. daughter of Mr. John Ochs, a prominent fnerchant, and three children have been born to them: Johii iM., who died at the age of three; Miss Edith E., a j graduate of the State Normal School at Millersville, land nov^ a school teacher; and Lillian M., in the i graduating class of Cotta College. Like his de- iceased father, Mr. Kautz is a Lutheran. He belongs- ;to Lamberton Lodge, No. 476, F. & A. M., and the Lodge of Perfection, in iVIasonry; to Lodge No. 188, K. of P. and to the Elks. No man in Lan- jcaster is better known or more esteemed than Mr. JKautz. ALFRED COOKMAN BRUNER, attorney-at- law and real estate dealer at Columbia, is a native of the borough, and was born May 18, 1858, a son of j Abraham and Sarah J. (Breneman) Bruner, and of |ante-Revolutionary ancestors. j Ulrich (or Owen) Bruner, a native of Switzer- iland, was born on Whitsunday, June 4, 1730. He isailed from Rotterdam to America, via Cowes, Eng- [land, on board the ship "Mercury," May 29, 1735, iin company with a number from the Palatinate,, iamong them Henry Brunner (the name being vari- ■oiisly spelled). In 1775 Ulrich was married tO' iFronica Gross (or Bross), a native of Pauls, Ger- jmany, who had settled in Bucks county. Pa., in 1744, 'and they had born to them six sons and five daugh- jters, of whom nine names are on record, namely: iMaria, John, Isaac, Fronica, Ulrich (or Owen),. : Barbara, Isaac, Jacob and Magdalena. The mother !of this family died Feb. 27, 1796, and the father Feb. ;I9, 1821, at the alvanced age of ninety-one years. Owen Bruner, one of the above named children, was born July 5, 1762, and on March 2, 1787, mar- ried Elizabeth Weaver, daughter of John and Bar- bara Weaver, prominent and wealthy Mennonites- of Earl township. He died Nov. 29, 1843. Mrs. Elizabeth Bruner died March 12, 1853, at the age of eighty-five years, having borne her husband ten children: John, born Jan. 7, 1788, died Jan. 15, 1799; Barbara, born Dec. 4, 1789, was married ta John Good; Abraham, born Sept. 24, 1791, married Dec. 15, 1814, Rebecca Evans, and died March 3, 1870; Owen (or Ulrich), born Oct. 24, 1794, died April I, 1845, the husband of Ann Martin ; Jacob, born June 20, 1796, married Ruth A. Talbot; John, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1189 torn Dec. 29, 1799, married Maria Jones; Isaac, ■born April 2, 1802, was a physician, and died Dec. z% 1828 ; Elizabeth, born Sept. 30, 1804, was mar- ried to Dr. William Happersett; Daniel I., born June 22, 1807, was also a physician, and died in 1888, the husband of Elizabeth Davies ; and Fronica (or Frances), born June 23, 1810, was married to John Kenega. Abraham Bruner, of the firm of A. Bruner & Bro., wholesale lumber merchants of Columbia, was born in the borough Oct. 12, 1831, a son of the Abra- ham mentioned in the foregoing paragraph. His wife was Sarah Jane Breneman, to whom he was married by Rev. J. W. McCaskey Oct. 9, 1855. Abraham Bruner was the first president of the bor- ough council of Columbia, under its present charter, in 1866 and 1867, also served in 1877-78-79, and was president three terms in all. His wife, a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, died Aug. 2, 1892, atid her remains were interred in Mount Bethel cemetery, Columbia. The five children born to Abr4- Tiam and Sarah J. Bruner are as follows Mary E., born July 27, 1856, who married William B. Given, Esq. ; Alfred C, whose name opens this article ; Henry B., born Aug. 3, 1862, still at home ; William Evans, born Jan. 8, 1866, now practicing medicine in Cleveland, Ohio ; and James G., who- was born Feb. t6, 18^, and who died 0 King, of Leacock township ; Barbara, who married David Riel, of East Lampeter township ; Leah, un- married; David, deceased; and Samuel, a farmer,, of Leacock township. Eli Smucker was reared on the farm in Leacock township, and when twenty-two years of age began farming on his own account, on the place where he has since been occupied. It comprises 115 acres- of fine land, well improved, and its every foot indi- cates a prosperous and successful operator and owner. Mr. Smucker was married Dec. 10, 1878, to» Miss Mary Blank, a daughter of Jacob and Mary (Stultzfus) Blank, and a native of Lancaster coun- ty, where she was born some three miles northeast of Intercourse, Aug. 11, 1858. They are the par- ents of a family of ten children : Jacob, Leah, David^ Samuel, Mary, Annie, Eli, Sarah, John, and Fannie. The family are all members of the Amish Church,, and stand very high in the community where their useful lives are passing. DAVID S. MARTIN (deceased). The late- David S. Martin, during his too short life one of the best-known and most highly respected farmers of" Salisbury township, Lancaster county, was born there March 24, 1830, and died Feb. 3, 1877, in the- faith of the Mennonite church, of which he had been- a lifelong member, his mortal remains being in- terred in White Horse cemetery. David S. Martin was a son of Jacob and Hettie- (Sowders) Martin, of Swiss descent, the former of whom died in 1882 at the age of seventy-six years,, and the latter in 1864, at the age of sixty-six, the remains of both being also interred in the White Horse Mennonite cemetery. Jacob and Hettie were- farming people and had born to them the following- named children : Mary, deceased wife of Levi New- swanger; Henry and David S., deceased; Hettie, married to Jacob Zimmerman, of Earl township ;. Elizabeth, deceased; Jacob, a farmer in Salisbury township ; John, deceased ; Catherine, born Aug. 31,. 1838, wife of John Seabold, of whom further men- tion will be made. In 1850 in Earl township, David S. Martin was- ioined in marriage with Miss Elizabeth Gable as- his first bride, and this union was graced with ten children, namely: Susannah and Maria, deceased ;- Ezra, of Lancaster; Levi, deceased; Adam; Anna, living with her brother Solomon ; Hettie, deceased r Solomon, a farmer in Paradise township; Jacob... farming in Salisbury township, and Abraham, de- ceased. The second marriage of David S. Martin was to Mrs. Anna (Ames) Zeiley, and to this union were born five children, viz.: Catherine, who' has her home with her uncle, John Seabold ;'Eliza~ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1217 beth, deceased ; Henry, a farmer in Leacock town- ship ; John, also residing with Mr. Seabold; and David, a farmer in Earl township. Mrs. EHzabeth (Gable) Martin was born in Earl township, Lancaster county, and died in 1866 at the age of thirty-seven years, her remains being also interred in White Horse cemetery. She was a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Newswanger) Gable, of Lancaster county, the former of whom was a miller by calling, but in his later days lived in retirement. John and Elizabeth Gable were the parents of two children, viz. : Susannah, wife of Jacob W. Nolt, a farmer in Earl township; and Elizabeth. Adam Martin, son of David S. and Elizabeth (Gable) Martin, was born in Earl township, June 5, 1857, and remained with his parents until twenty years old ; he then worked out as a farm hand- until 1883, when he came to live with his uncle, John Sea- bold, whom he has ably assisted until the present time. Adam Martin is a niember of the Mennonite Church, in politics is a Republican, is an excellent manager and skillful farmer, and one of the highly respected and leading citizens of Salisbury town- ship. John Seabold, one of the most prosperous agri- culturists of Salisbury township, of which he is a native, was born July 28, 1839, and is a son of Sam- uel and Maria (Brower) Seabold, of Schuylkill, and natives of Bucks county and Lancaster county, respectively. Samuel died at Sadsburyville, Ches- ter county, Oct. 6, 1889, aged seventy-eight years, and his wife, Maria, died in February, 1895, when eighty-three years old, her remains being interred in the White Horse Mennonite cemetery. Samuel was a shoemaker by trade but for several years be- fore his death had lived retired. To Samuel and Maria Seabold were born eleven children, namely: Christiann, widow of Joseph Lynn of Coatesville, Chester county ; Mary, widow of Albert Shoemaker, of Parkesburg, Chester county; John, whose name opens this paragraph ; Harry, a butcher in Honey- brook, Chester county; Daniel and Elizabeth, de- ceased ; Thomas, street commissioner and high con- stable at Honeybrook; Morris, wagonmaker at Rauch, Pa.; Martha E., Hattie E., and Peter, all three deceased. The paternal grandfather of John Seabold was Henry, a farmer of Schuylkill, who was one of the early settlers of Lancaster county, and the maternal grandparents were Henry and Mary Brower, natives of this county. In December, 1869, John Seabold married Miss Catherine Martin, but to this union no children have been born, though they have reared to maturity a nephew and a niece, viz. : John S. Martin, from the age of nine days, and Catherine, sister of John S., from her sixth year. John S. Martin was twenty- six years old on March 17, 1902, and is now caring for himself, while his sister, Catherine, is still being cared for bv Mr. and Mrs. Seabold. John Sea- bold up to the date of his marriage had filially as- 77 sisted in the cultivation of the parental homestead,- but then began farming on his own land ; he has as- fine a place as any of its dimensions in the neigh-- borhood and is classed with the best farmers and', most useful citizens of Salisbury township. Mr, and Mrs. Seabold are members of the Mennonite Church and in politics Mr. Seabold is a Republican. REV. WALTER RUSSELL BREED, B. S., B. D., rector of the parish of St. James, Lancaster, comes of an honored ancestry dating back to nearly three centuries in the Eastern States. The Breed family settled in 1632, in Lynn, Mass., (which place was founded in 1630), being, there- fore, within a year or two of ranking among the founders of that place, and there are now over three hundred Breeds in Lynn alone. All the people of that name in Essex county, Mass., have their de- scent from the Breed colony in Lynn, where for the most part they have been successful merchants and manufacturers, dominating the place. There is Breed Square in Lynn, and the water supply for the place is drawn from Breed's pond, which is located on what was at one time the private ground of the Breeds. The battle of Bunker Hill was, in reality, for the most part, fought on Breed's Hill, as now claimed by dispassionate and truth-loving- historians. - Joseph Breed, father of Walter R., was born in Lynn, Mass., in 1826, and for many years followed mercantile pursuits in that city. In 1852 he mar- ried Miss Frances Burrill, daughter of Rev. John- T. Burrill, rector of Christ Church, Boston, for years rector of Quincy Point Church, and, during- the sixties, rector of the old North Church, in Bos- ton. They settled in Lynn three years after the Breeds located there. Many Breeds and Burrills served in the Colonial wars, thus making their de- scendants on both sides, eligible as Sons and Daugh- ters of the Revolution. To Joseph and Frances: (Burrill) Breed were born children as follows : An- na, George, Arthur, Henry, Laura and Walter Russell. Rev. Walter Russell Breed was born Jan. 10, 1866, in Lynn, Mass., and received his collegiate education in Wesleyan University, Middletown. Conn., from which he was graduated as a Bachelor of Sciences in 1887. Three years later, having taken the prescribed course in the Episcopal Theolog-ical Seminary at Cambridge, Mass., where he became a Bachelor of Divinity, he was ordained Deacon by Bishop Paddock, in Cambridge, and priest in Tar- rytown, N. J., by Bishop Potter. His first parish was Trinity Church at Concord, Mass., where he remained three years, and in November, 1893, he ac- cepted a call to Christ Church, Quincy, Mass., one of the most historic churches in~America. where he became a member of the Quincy school board, hav- ing been chairman of the committee on Evenings Schools, and was in the management of the Wood- ward School from the date of its organization, hav- 1218 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ing been honored with the position of vice-presi- dent of its board of trustees. Mr. Breed became rector of 5t. James Church, Lancaster, Nov. 23, 1900, and his reception was a most cordial one. With his severe training in noted educational institutions, his experience in the East, and in Europe, where he has traveled, Mr. Breed came to St. James more than ordinarily well- equipped for the work of that important parish, and everything points to a future of great usefulness. On June 4, 1894, Rev. Walter R. Breed was married, by the late Rt. Rev. Bishop Rulisan, to Miss Ellen Broderick Zehmer, daughter of William Zehmer, of Lansford, Pa., the latter of whom has been superintendent of the Lehigh Coal & Navigation Co., for the past twenty-five years. Mrs. Breed's ma- ternal grandfather was Thos. Broderick, of Wilkes- Barre, at one time mayor of that city, and who was descended from the Brodericks of Ireland, who came to America about 150 years ago. The new remodeled and beautified rectory of St. James has had elegance added to it. by the quaint old historic furniture brought from the East by Mr, Breed, and it is specially fitting therefore, that Rev. Mr. Breed should become rector of the grand old St. James Episcopal Church — one of the oldest and r.iost distinguished parishes in the State — a parish that has reason to be proud of its Revolutionary tra- ditions and its long line of distinguished clergy and laity. SILAS R. BUCKWALTER, a resident of Man- heim township, one mile from Lancaster, was born in East Lampeter township, this county, Feb. 25, 1854, a son of Benjamin and Susan (Johns) Buck- waiter. Both parents were natives of East Lam- peter township. The father was born June 14, 1816, son of Abraham and Anna (Witmer) Buckwalter, and grandson of Benjamin Buckwalter, and died Jan. ID, 1898. The mother was born May 28, 1816, and died Sept. 25, 1862. Benjamin Buckwailter, father of Silas R., was reared in East Lampeter township, where he spent his life with the exception of two years, when he was in Upper Leacock township, soon after his mar- riage. He returned to his native township, and was engaged in farming all his days, owning a farm of 107 acres, four miles east of Lancaster city, lying along the Philadelphia pike. There he reared his family. At Greenland for some ten years he had an interest in a mercantile establishment, held the office of postmaster there, and for a time was in the butcher and meat business.' He served long and faithfully on the school board of East Lampeter township. Benjamin Buckwalter was twice mar- ried, first to Miss Susan Johns, by whom he had a numerous family: Elias, now deceased; Mary, the wife of Elias Eby, of Strasburg: Elizabeth, widow of Adam S. Rohrer, of Mechanicsburg ; Lydia. unmarried, a resident of Lancaster; Peter, a resident of East Lampeter township; Eva, who died in childhood ; Silas R. ; Abraham, a resident of Lancaster, a dispatcher of the Conestoga Traction Company; Emma, professional nurse in Lancaster; and Silinda, deceased. Benjamin Buckwalter mar- ried, for his second wife, Anna (Eshelman) White- side, and by this union became the father of four children: Benjamin, now a resident of Eden, Man- heim township ; Laura, who first married Abraham Perry, and after his death became the wife of David Decker, of New Holland ; Hetty, now deceased, and John, a resident of Eden, East Lampeter township. Silas R. Buckwalter, whose name appears above, began business for himself at the age of twenty-one. For four years he tilled part of the old homestead and then moved to another farm two miles east of Lancaster, which he tilled for sixteen years; this place consisted of fifty-five acres, and proved very productive and profitable. At the end of that time he bought the farm of sixty-five acres on which he still resides, and in addition to its cultivation con- ducts a milk route in the city. In 1901 he took the agency for the Kemp & Burpee Manure Spread- er in his part of the county. He has thoroughly modernized and thoroughly improved his property. The house is supplied throughout with hot and cold water, and in the barn his stock have automatic water troughs, the water supplying which is pumped into a tank by a water wheel; he also has a feed mill operated by wind power. His place is conceded to be one of the most desirable homes in that part of the county. On the north it adjoins Long Park, which lies about one and one quarter miles north- west of Lancaster City. Mr. Buckwalter was married Dec. 24, 1874, to Miss Mary K., daughter of Benjamin R. Landis, of East Lampeter township, and to this union have come: Lottie S. ; Jacob, who died at the age of twenty-three; Elam, who died at the age of seven- teen ; Benjamin, who died at the age of eighteen months; Frank, at home; Elias, who died at the age of five months; Harry, at home; and Silas, at home. Mr. and Mrs. Buckwalter belong to the Mennonite Church, and are classed among the re- spected people of their community. P. B. KOFROTH, a carriage manufacturer of Rothsville, and one of the successful business men of Lancaster county, was born Oct. 3, 1858, in the village of Disston, Pa. In i860 his mother died ; in i86r his father, Martin Kofroth, enlisted and served in Co. K, 129th Regiment, which left the subject of our sketch drifting among his relatives until he was old enough to look out for himself. After receiving a common school education, he was employed at the trade of coach maker, with S. & H. Grosh, in Lititz,' Pa., and later worked for U. F. Hartranft, at Brunnerville. He started in business for himself in 1878, has successfuUv con- ducted the same, until the present time, and now 'commands a lucrative patronage. Mr. Kofroth is well known in social, political and fraternal circles. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1219 being a member of the P. O. S. of A. No. 559, of Jlothsville, I. O. O. F. of Lincoln, No. 915, and JK. of P. of Lititz ; he is a past officer in the above Jiamed orders. In politics he is a stanch Republi- can and has represented his party in the county committee for the last six years. He is a member •of the Lutheran Church, of which he is one of the trustees. In July, 1879, Mr. Kofroth wedded Miss Lillie ■Seltzer, of Hamburg, Berks county. To this union -have been born seven children, two of whom died in infancy ; Mamie is attending the State Normal School at Millersville ; Reno J., Percy B., Avon S. -and Maud S. are all at home. Mr. Kofroth takes an active interest in all local affairs whether of a .social, religious or public nature. WILLIAM HUESTIS KELLER is the junior member of the well-known law firm of Coyle & Keller, and has been practicing at the Lancaster County Bar for a period of about ten years. Mr. Keller's paternal ancestry were from Ger- many, coming to this country about the year 1750, .and settling in either Dauphin county or Lancaster county, Pa. — which, is not quite certain, though one of the ancestors evidently lived in Lancaster county, as his name appears among the members from that county on the roll of the "Pennsylvania Associators" in the War of the Revolution. From here, however, he moved to Center county. Daniel S. Keller, father of William H., was a prominent member of the Belief onte (Pa.) Bar. :He was a son of Henry Keller, of Boalsburg, Pa. Daniel S. married Martha E. Huestis,' daughter of William H- Heustis, a contractor and builder of A'ermont, who descended from old Puritan stock, and children as follows were born to them : Harry, William H. and Martha E. The father died in 1894, the mother in 1876. William H. Keller, whose name introduces these lines, was born Aug. 11, 1869, in Montgomery county, Md., and in early life was brought by his -parents to Belief onte, Pa., at the public schools of which place he received his earlier education, grad- uating from the High school in 1884. He graduated from the Bellefonte Academy in 1887, and from Franklin and Marshall College in the class of 1891. His college days over, Mr. Keller read law with his father in Bellefonte, then took a course in law at Columbian University, Washington, D. C, grad- uating from that institution in 1893, and in July -of the same year was admitted to practice in the Supreme court of the District of Columbia, and to the Bar of Center county. Pa. On Aug. 22, 1893, he removed to Lancaster and was admitted to the Bar of Lancaster county, and, as soon as the time limited under the rules had expired, he was ad- mitted to the Supreme, Superior, and United States Circuit and District courts. From January, 1894, to January, .1899, Mr. Keller was associated with J. L. Steinmetz in the practice of law, at the end of which time he entered into partnership with John A. Coyle, his present associate. On Oct. 18, 1893, William H. Keller married Miss Anna Dickey, youngest daughter of the late Hon. O. J. Dickey, well remembered as the most prominent criminal lawyer of his time, and honored by the Republicans of his district with two terms in Congress. Mr. and Mrs. Keller have four chil- dren, their names and dates of birth being as fol- lows; Daniel S., Aug. 15, 1894; Elizabeth Dickey, Dec. 4, 1895 ; Oliver James, Feb. 9, 1898, and Mar- tha Eleanor, Nov. 14, 1902. Mr. Keller is a mem- ber of the First Reformed Church of Lancaster. In politics, he is a stanch Republican. Though not a native of Lancaster county, Mr. Keller has become thoroughly identified with its interests and is in entire sympathy with its development and progress along all lines. J. ALDUS HERR, one of the intelligent and progressive citizens of West Lampeter township, Lancaster county, was born on the farm where he still lives Nov. 22, 1859, a son of Benjamin and Ann E. Herr. His father was a farmer, and is now de- ceased. J. Aldus Herr spent his boyhood on his parents farm, and obtained his education in the public schools, and he has eagerly grasped every oppor- tunity to broaden and deepen his mind. About the ,time he completed his studies in the school he helped to organize a literary society, and has been one of its active workers. His eye has always been single to the advancement of the community. Mr. Herr was the founder and promoter of the Jersey Cattle Club of Lancaster, an object which he brought about after a hard and protracted struggle, and he has had the satisfaction of seeing the society — which was organized March 7, 1898, with a roll of twenty-five members, with himself as chairman — accomplish the most gratifying results. Mr. Herr was one of the pioneers in the establishment of the rural mail de- livery in his township, and did much to advance the Farmers' Institute of West Lampeter township, which has grown to large proportions from a very modest beginning. In fact, he is always ready to forward anything that looks to the public good. His place is considered one of the finest homes in the county, and there he engages in general farming and stock raising, owning the celebrated Pequea herd of Jerseys, and he is the only owner of regis- tered Jerseys to sell the product in Lancaster. He disposes of much butter weekly, having a herd of thirty -iive head. Mr. Herr takes much interest in local politics, has been tax collector, and has served as county committeeman for seven years. Mr. Herr was married, Jan. 27, 1897, to Miss Mar>', daughter of Rev. Jacob Bowpian, a lady of culture and refinement. They have had a family of four children : Paul Bowman, who died in infancy ; Mary Hilda ; Anna Irene, who also died in infancy ; and Helen Elizabeth. Mr. Herr's home is one of the 1220 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY most hospitable and pleasant in the locality, and the taste of the owners is fully exemplified by the amount of good literature they have and enjoy. REV. WILLIAM STUART CRAMER, assis- tant pastor of the First Reformed Church of Lan- caster, although not a native of Lancaster county,, has yet been so closely connected with it by church, college and seminary associations, that his personal history, as well as that of his ancestry, cannot fail to excite interest in a community where he is so well known and so greatly beloved. Practically, however, he has been a Lancastrian for many years, counting the time that he spent in Franklin and Marshall College, and in the Reformed Theological Seminary. Mr. Cramer is descended from Revolutionary stock, one of his ancestors having been a colonel in one of the early wars. His grandfather, William J. Cramer, was born in Graceham, Md., and his father, Miller Cray Cramer, is a manager in one of the large mercantile establishments in New York City. The latter married Julia Crouse, daughter of Michael Crouse, a farrrier of Frederick county, Md., and three children were born of this union : Victor Clay, a traveling salesman, of New York; Ada Es- telle, at home with her parents ; and Rev. William Stuart, of Lancaster. William Stuart Cramer was born in Creagers- town, Frederick Co., Md., April 12, 1873, and, after being partially educated in the public schools of that section, attended Eaton & Burnett's Business College, in Bahimore, from which he was gradu- ated, and then entered into business with his father. His parents having removed to Baltimore, where his father held a position in the sub-treasury under Hon. George L. Wellington, for four years, young Cramer became entry clerk in the establishment of Armstrong, Cator & Co. He next attended Lamb's High School in Baltimore, from which he was grad- uated in 1895 ; then attended Franklin and Marshall College from which he was graduated in 1898, and he graduated from the Reformed Theological^ Sem- inary at Lancaster in 1901. He received an imme- diate call to the First Reformed Church, as assis- tant to the venerable and beloved Rev. J. M. Titzel, D. D., which he accepted, and was ordained (and installed as assistant pastor) on July 7, 1901. Dur- ing the seven years of his college and seminary life in Lancaster, Mr. Cramer held important positions, as tenor soloist in the best choirs of the city, among which was the choir of the church which he now serves. Mr. Cramer was for a time one of the editors of the College Student; was assist- ant manager for one year, and manager another vear of the Franklin and Marshall Foot Ball Team: belongeji to the Franklin and Marshall Glee Club; to the Diagnothian Literary society in which he. held several important offices; and was one of the founders and president of the Paradise Club of Franklin and Marshall College, a social club like that at Priiiceton, and of which Mr. Cramer is justly proud. During his second year in the Theological Seminary he won the prize- ($20 in gold) in Sacred Rhetoric. During his first five summer vacations, while a student, Mr. Cramer was associated with the American Bible Society of Maryland, as a colporteur, and in 1899 he assisted in re-cataloging the State Library at Harrisburg, under Dr. Reed. In 1900, during his vacation from the Theological Seminary, Mr. Cramer filled Rev. M. H. Sangree's pulpit "in the Fourth Reformed Church, in Harrisburg, for five months, preaching with great acceptability. Such has been the busy, useful and not uneventful life of the new assistant pastor of the historic First Reformed Church of^ Lancaster. With such a field of labor as presents itself in this charge there is vast opportunity for one possessed of Mr. Cramer's experience, ability and earnestness to accomplish much good. SAMUEL GIBSON, one of the well-known • farmers and esteemed citizens of Martic township, was born March 14, 1831, son of James and Griselda (Neel) Gibson. James Gibson, the father, was born in York county and came of Scotch ancestry, his father James, coming to America from Glasgow about 150' years ago. Grandfather Gibson had thirteen chil- dren. A family of nine children was born to the parents of our subject, and we have record of Mary Ann, William and James L., all deceased ; Samuel, of this sketch ; Annie E., the wife of J. W. Barton, who resides in Maryland; Mary Jane, the wife of William Pagan, of the home place ; and Robert H., deceased. James Gibson was born March 25, 1791, and died March 8, 1868. He was a stanch Demo- crat and one of the leading men of the township. He belonged to the Presbyterian Church. Samuel Gibson came with his parents from York county to the old home place which he now owns when he was six years of age. He grew up a farmer lad, adopted agriculture as his life vocation and has successfully pursued it ever since. He acquired a good common school education and has put it to- practical use in the intelligent management of his farm. This property contains sixty-two acres of" excellent land upon which very good improvements • have been made, and here Mr. Gibson enjoys a most comfortable home. He has never married. In former years Mr. Gibson was a Democrat, like his father, but for some time he has advocated the- principles of the Prohibition party. He is a much respected man in Martic township, and is valued as citizen, neighbor and friend. _ SAMUEL C. MAY. The great-grandfather of" this enterprising and prosperous citizen of West Hempfield township was among the early settlers of Lancaster county, emigrating from Germany in the year 1716, settling in what is now Lancaster - county, and there remaining through life, a patient BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1221 ■and efficient worker in the county's best material •development. The family has ever since been among its prominent and active citizens. The grandfather of Samuel C, was Michael May, a life-long resident of Lancaster county, whose son Samuel, father of Samuel C, was born June i8, 1808, and lived in West Hempfield town- ship to the good old age of ninety years, passing away Dec. 21, 1898. He was a mason by trade. He married Miss Anna Christy, who was born in West Hempfield township, July 21, 1816, and died Dec. 28, 1886. They were good Christian people, highly respected by all who knew them and were buried in Mathew cemetery at Kinderhook. To Samuel and Anna (Christy) May were born eight children, namely: Michael, deceased; Henry, of Drumore township; Malanthan, deceased; Mary, deceased ; Margaret, of Kinderhook ; Sarah, de- ceased ; Samuel C. ; and Anna C, deceased. Samuel C. May was born Dec. 4, 1853, in a house which stood but a few hundred yards from his present residence. At the age of seventeen years Tie learned from his father the mason's trade, which he followed successfully for many years, starting out for himself at the age of twenty-eight. He married in Martic township, Feb. 22, 1886, Miss Anna E. Fares, a native of West Hempfield town- ship, daughter of Henry and Rebecca (Cain) Fares. Henry Fares was the son of an old settler of Lan- caster county, a blacksmith and farmer. Henry was born in West Hempfield township, May i, 1835, and married Rebecca Cain, who was born Ma-rch 7, 1839, daughter of John and Mary (Hip- TJey) Cain, of Lancaster county, of German ancestry. 'To Henry and Rebecca Fares were born four chil- dren : Anna Elizabeth, wife of Samuel C. May ; Jo- seph ; John ; and Margaret, deceased. In earlier life Henry Fares was an engineer. He is now engaged in farming in Martic township, where he and his wife are devout members of the United Brethren Church. In 1887 Samuel C. May gave up his trade for ■agricultural pursuits. He began farming in West Hempfield township, where he has ever since suc- cessfully continued. To this he in 1896 added the poultry business at Kinderhook and he is now one ■of the prosperous and influential farmers and busi- ness men of the township. In politics he is a Re- publican, and among the fraternal orders, a Master "Mason. WILLIAM M. BRYSON, one of the most venerated retired farmers of Salisbury township, and an -ex-carpenter of more than ordinary skill, was born in Millwood, Salisbury township, Lan- caster county Pa., March 22, 1826, and is the fifth -of the ten children that resulted from the marriage tDf Jesse and Margaret (Myers) Bryson. The parents were also natives of Lancaster coun- ty, but have long since passed away to a world -where, it is fondly believed, there are none of the toils, cares and asperities that afflict life on this mun- dane sphere. Jesse Bryson was a stonemason by trade and was called away in 1854, when fifty-two years old, but he had lost his wife in 1842, at the age of fifty-two. Their remains lie in Georgetown cemetery. The ten children alluded to were named, in order of birth, as follows : Isaac, deceased ; John, who is a retired lumber dealer at Los Angeles, Cal. ; Joseph, who died in Libby prison; Mary A., wife of Edward Dorsey, of Adair county, Iowa ; William M. ; Margaret, wife of James McGuire, of Viola, 111. ; Elizabeth, deceased ; Jesse, a miller in Iowa ; and Catherine and Samuel, who died young. John Bryson, the paternal grandfather of William M. Bryson, was also a native of Lancaster county, an evidence in itself of the long residence of the family in the State of Pennsylvania. William M. Bryson lived with his parents on a farm until he had reached the age of nine years and then took leave of his home and for six and a quarter years lived on a farm in Strasburg ; he then returned to the home place, where a year and a half later his mother was called to her final rest and William M. again went to live among farmers, with whom he worked until the fall of 1850, when he began learning the carpenter's trade; this he fol- lowed for twenty years and then again resumed farming, settling in the meantime on his present farm in 1862, and continuing actively in the pursuit of agriculture until 1876, when he retired. Mr. Bryson having reached the years of dis- cretion and matured judgment, selected for his com- panion through life a most estimable young lady in the person of Miss Margaret Patton, and having wooed and won her consent, married her in Lan- caster, Oct. 17, 1850; to this felicitous union were born four children, namely : John, an iron worker at Lebanon ; William, deceased ; Jacob, who is em- ployed in a spice mill in Philadelphia, and is mar- ried to Rachel Martin, who has borne him three children ; and Jesse L., who is still under the paternal roof, but who is, sad to relate, Wind. Mrs. Margaret (Patton) Bryson was born in Salisbury township, Lancaster county, Oct. 22, 1827, the sixth child in the large family born to Linton and Elizabeth (Reel) Patton, of Lancaster county, the former of whom died at the age of sev- enty-one years, while the latter survived until Jan. I, 1879, when she expired at the age of eighty. Their family of fifteen children were born in the following order : John, who is now deceased ; Lydia, deceased wife of Henry Coffroad; Samuel, of Earl township ; Elizabeth, a widow in Salisbury town- ship ; Catherine, widow of William Rissel, of Com- passville; Margaret, who died Dec. 31, 1894, the wife of William M. Bryson; Rachel, wife of John Elmer, of Salisbury township ; Ann, in Reading, wife of Henry Miller; Gabriel, deceased; Jane, married to Henry Ammon, in Gap, Lancaster coun- ty; Henry, a farmer in Salisbury township; Mary, wife of Harrison Ross, of Chester county ; Harriet, 1222 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY wife of John Ross, also in Chester county; Abra- ham, and Leah, both living in Salisbury township and unmarried. William M. Bryson, although a modest and un- ostentatious citizen, has in his day done as much as any man in promoting the growth and prosperity of Salisbury township. Public-spirited and alert, he has been one of the foremost to detect what has been wanting to add to the convenience and com- fort of the public ; has been prompt in his financial contributions to the remedying of such wants, has ever advocated the construction of good roads and of culverts and bridges so as to furnish easy trans- portation over the highways and to reduce to a minimum the time and labor consumed by farmers in transferring their products to market, and to facili- tate travel in general, and has thus aided in enhanc- ing the value of farm property throughout the town- ship. He has always been an ardent friend of pub- lic education, was a school director for twelve years, and was largely instrumental in bringing to their present high standard of efficiency the district schools of the township ; he has also served as a member of the county board of supervisors for nine years, his care of his township's interests in that body being so satisfactory as to justify his repeated election by an appreciative and gratified constitu- ency. In politics Mr. Bryson is a Republican, but as a rule he has been chosen as the guardian of his fellow-citizens more on account of personal abil- ities and unswerving integrity than for the sake of party triumph. Not infrequently has he been se- lected as judge and inspector of elections, in which capacity he has served so impartially as to elicit the commendation of all, irrespective of party affilia- tions. On just such men as Mr. Bryson does the growth of the community depend. CHRISTIAN K. NEWCOMER, deceased. The Newcomer family has been prominently identified with the development of Lancaster county and like many another family of prominence Won its way upward through manly struggles with adverse cir- cumstances. Upon the father of Christian K., Jacob Newcomer by name, especially devolved the stern duties of life at an early age, for when Jacob was twelve years old, the eldest son of the family, his father died, and upon his young shoulders fell largely the responsibilities of managing for his mother the farm in Manor township. Jacob grew up on the old homestead and there remained through life. He and his family were devout members of the Mennonite Church and for many years he was a deacon of the church. He married Miss Barbara Kauffman, and to them were born ten children, nine of whom reached maturity. These children were: Elizabeth, who married Abraham Sanders and is now deceased ; Barbara, deceased ; Christian K. : Jacob K.. a Mennonite of Manor township ; Jos- eph. ^ farmer of Manor township : Mary, who mar- ried Jacob Snowley ; Catherine, widow of Jacob Lin- deman, of Manor township ; Abraham, of the same township ; Isaac, who died unmarried ; and Anna,, whose death occurred in childhood. Jacob, the father, died in i86r, aged sixty years and the mother passed away in 1858. Christian K. Newcomer, the third child and eld- est son, was born in Manor township, Lancaster county, Oct. 11, 1830. He was reared in Manor township and there received a good comrhon school education. Adopting farming as his vocation, he was for many years a prominent agriculturist of Manor township. The marriage of Christian K. Newcomer and ■ Elizabeth M. Mellinger was solemnized Nov. 20, 1866, and the union has been blessed with twO' daughters, Anna E., wife of Jacob S. Spangler, a farmer of West Hempfield township, and Elizabeth A., who makes her home with her sister in West Hempfield township. The wife and mother was born in Manor township, Oct. 19, 1835, daughter of Dr. Henry and Anna (Hertzler) Mellinger, of Manor township, her father having been a promi- nent physician. The Mellinger family is one of the oldest in Lancaster county, having descended from Benedict Mellinger, a native of southern Germany, who immigrated to America and in 1746 settled in Manor township, Lancaster county, the original farm still being in the possession of the family. Upon a well tilled farm of eighty-six acres in Manor township. Christian K. Newcomer continued general farming after his marriage. He became one of the most prominent and wealthy citizens of that township. In politics he was a Democrat and himself and wife were prominent jnembers of the Old Mennonite Church. He retired from active life about a year prior to his death, which occurred itt October, 1886. His wife preceded him to the grave, passing away Jan. 16, 1879. Their remains were interred in the burying-ground of the Habecker Men- nonite Church. MILTON WIKE (deceased), late a retired butcher and a director in the Columbia National Bank, was born in Fairview Village, Manor town- ship, Lancaster county. Pa., Jan. 25, 1831, a son of George and Sarah (Eberlee) Wike, of Columbia. George Wike was a cooper by trade, but for many years was a pilot on the Susquehanna river. In his latter days, however, he was employed by the State as a slip boss, and finally retired to pass the remainder of his davs in ease and comfort. He died in Columbia in 1858, at the age of fifty-two- years, a Lutheran in his religious belief, although not a member of any congregation. His widow, who was born Nov. 3, 1806, is a member of the Episcopal Church and has her residence in Columbia. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Wike were four- teen in number, and were named as follows : Susan^ who died when five years old : John, who was inar- ried, but is now deceased; Milton, whose name opens this article; Ann Jane, of Philadelphia, and BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1223 the widow of Jacob Wall ; Nathan E., railroad con- ductor in Columbia; Emma Frances, who died young; George W., married to Mary J. Wagner; Henry M., who was killed in the army; Hannah J., wife of Henry Mullen, of Philadelphia ; Sam- uel F., a widower, a railroad engineer, in Colum- bia; Andrew J. and Albert, who died young; Eu- nice, widow of Edwin Stair, who was a dry-goods merchant of Columbia; and Franklin, who died young. George Wike, Sr., paternal grandfather of Mil- ton, who came from Berks county to Lancaster when a young man, was a shoemaker by trade, and was twice married. Milton's maternal grandpar- ents, John and Anna (Neil) Eberlee, were natives of Germany and Lancaster county. Pa., respec- tively. John Eberlee was born in Wonseck, a town in the Margrave der Bysith, in the circle of Fran- conia, Nov. 25, 1755, and was confirmed in the Lutheran faith. His father, who was also named John, was a butcher and also a burgomaster of Wonseck, and his mother bore the maiden name of Margaret Ballach. John, the younger, landed in America, June 3, 1777, and May 4, 1784, married Anna Neil, who was born in Hempfield township, Lancaster county, Pa., April 6, 1767, a daughter of John and Jean (Mease) Neil. To their union were born the following children: John, Oct. 15, 1785, died Oct. 20, 1785; Jean, born Sept. 30, 1786; Margaret, born June 14, 1788; Elizabeth, Ijorn April 10, 1790; and Sarah, Mrs. Wike. All the children had their nativity in Columbia, and all, with the exception of one who died in infancy, were married. Milton Wike, in his boyhood, was employed on the river as a carrier of shingles, and later worked for his father, who was a butcher, until he was nineteen years old. He then began the butcher business on his own account, and bought and sold horses, cattle and other live stock, or anything that he could buy and sell, and continued in this line until 1885, when he gave the butcher branch of the business to his brother George, and became a drover. His custom was to buy poor cattle in Pittsburg, Pa., and Buffalo, N. Y., fatten them, and then sell them in Philadelphia and Baltimore. He continued in business until 1894, when he retired. Mr. Wike was for a long time a director in the Grey Iron Works, but, in 1900, sold his stock and resigned his directorship. At the time of his death he was and had been for four years, a director in the Columbia National Bank. He was also a stockholder and director in the Susquehanna Roll- ing Mill until 1898, when the mill was sold to a syndicate for $175,000, the stock standing at par. In January, 1862, Milton Wike married, in Columbia, Miss Elizabeth A. Hinkle, who bore him three children: George, of Columbia, married to Sally McCoy, and a machinist in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company; Edith, deceased wife of Edwin Smith ; and Flora, deceased. Mrs. Elizabeth A. (Hinkle) Wike was born in West Hempfield township, Lancaster county. Pa., and is a daughter of Isaac and Elizabeth (Magill) Hinkle. The father was a farmer and an attend- ant at the German Lutheran Church, and died in August, 1862, when sixty-two years old; the death of the mother took place in July, 1870, when she was fifty-eight. Their children were eight in num- ber and were born in the following order : Samuel, who was killed in the army; Catherine, wife of Peter Mangas, a miller and farmer of York county, Pa. ; Elizabeth A. ; Mary, wife of Amos Mullen, of Bellefonte, Pa. ; Patience, wife of Augustus Killian, express agent at Lancaster ; Jacob, Sarah and Chris- tiann, all of whom died. young. Mrs. Wike's pater- nal grandfather, John (better known as Yohan), came from Switzerland, settled in West Hempfield township, and married Catherine Kaufman. He was a renter, and after his death his sons, Isaac and Henry, succeeded him in the management of the farm, but, as it was not for sale, they could not buy it. It was a large tract and belonged to the Bethel & Heise estate. But the brothers real- ized a fortune, and when worth $40,000 removed to Columbia, where they owned two brick dwell- ings, separated by a wall, and, in order to be more conveniently connected with each other, they cut a gateway through this partition. To Isaac there were born five children on the farm, and Henry reared ten on the same place. The maternal grand- parents of Mrs. Wike were Lawrence and Chris- tiann Magill, who first located in York county, but early came to Lancaster county, and settled in W^est Hempfield township. Mr. Wike owned and highly prized as an heir- loom a sampler made by his mother and worked in silk, for which she had to go to Lancaster. It is 18x28 inches in size. It delineates a large oak tree, a lamb and a lady sitting in a chair in the act of sewing. It also bears the following lines : Sarah Eberlee is my name; With needle wrought the same. ' In Lancaster county I was born ( The third of November, in the morn, 1806, as I am told. Which makes me near ti years old. Mr. Wike was a Knight Templar Mason, and in politics was a Republican. He was a member of the Episcopal Church, and his upright walk through life won for him hosts of friends. His death oc- curred Aug. 25, 1900, and he was interred in Bethel cemetery. JOHN S. SNYDER, the efficient and energetic Pennsylvania Railroad dispatcher at Columbia, was born in Soudersburg, Lancaster county, June 5, 1851, a son of John C, and Jane (Given) Snvder, natives of the same borough, the former of whom was a carpenter by trade. In 1854 John C. Snyder, with his family, re- 1224 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY moved from Soudersburg to Strasburg, in 1858 he removed to Lancaster; in i860 to Alexandria, Huntingdon county ; and in 1870 came to Columbia. He and wife were parents of twelve children, viz. : Anna E., widow of Henry S. Wood, of Lancaster ; Elim G., a grocer in the same city ; John W., who died young ; Margaret J., widow of William Jacobs, of Philadelphia ; Oliver W., a bricklayer in Lan- caster ; Catherine S., wife of Thomas D. Lundy, special officer for the Pennsylvania Railroad Com- pany at Lancaster; Mary M., married to H. A. Hoffman, a wagohmaker at Tyrone, Pa. ; Elmira L., wife of John Folk, railroad conductor at Colum- bia ; Sarah E., who died single ; John S., whose name stands at the opening of this sketch ; Edwin A., who was a railroad conductor and was thrown from his train and killed at Witmer Station, Nov. I, 1894; and Ada J., widow of Emanuel Sprout, a flagman. John C. Snyder was born, Feb. 21, 1805, was of German descent, and died April 3, 1894; Mrs. Jane Snyder was born of Irish extraction, June 30, 1810, and she died April 16, 1898. Both she and her husband were members of the M. E. Church, and their remains were interred in Mount Bethel cemetery. Andrew Snyder, father of John C. Snyder, came to America when quite young, served in the Revolutionary war, and at his death had reached the remarkable age of 112 years; his remains were interred in Roland's burying-ground, near New Holland, Lancaster county. The father of Mrs. Jane (Given) Snyder was killed at Gordonville, Pa., on a railroad operated by the State at that time. John S. Snyder, at the age of seventeen years, began learning gas-fitting and plumbing, but two years later, July 9, 1870, entered the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, in Philadel- phia, as freight brakeman ; he held this position two years, was then a flagman in Columbia, for eighteen months, was next a conductor, until 1889, and was then made train dispatcher. On June 19, 1878, Mr. Snyder married Miss Katherine E. Sittler, in Columbia, and after his marriage, his parents came to live with him. Three children, Margaret M., Joseph S. and Anna W., now brighten his home. Mrs. Katherine E. Snyder was born in York county. Pa., in May, 1855, ^ daughter of Joseph and Rachel A. (Morrow) Sittler, of that county. The former, who was born April 23, 1814, for many years conducted a hotel at Long Level, York county, then for five years lived in re- tirement, and died, Jan. 27, 1882 ; his widow still resides at Long Level. The children born to Joseph and Rachel Sittler were seven in number, viz : Katherine E. ; Martha R., who died in 1896, the wife of Randolph Rutledge ; Joseph W., hotelkeeper at Long Level ; James B.. in the Pension Depart- ment at Washington, D. C. ; Abraham H., railroad engineer at York; Asrnes M., wife of Truman Schultz, in the cigar business at Long Level ; and Russell B., is in the cigar trade at East Prospect, Pennsylvania. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Katherine E. Snyder, Abraham and Anna Sittler, of Balti- more, Md., came to Lancaster county to live, re- mained a few years, and returned to Baltimore, but then came back to Pennsylvania to stay, settling in Prospect. Her maternal grandfather, William Morrow, came from Ireland. John S. Snyder is a member of the O. of R. C, the I. O. O. F., and the K. of M. Religiously he belongs to the M. E. Church. In politics he is in- dependent. ABRAHAM PATTON, carpenter and builder, located in Alert, Salisbury township, was born near his present home, Jan. 31, 1840, son of Linton and Elizabeth (Reel) Patton, the former of whom was a blacksmith by trade and later worked as a laborer. He died in January, 1867, aged seventy-one years, his widow surviving imtil 1879, ^""^ dying at the age of eighty years. They were interred in the Pequea Presbyterian Church cemetery. The follow- ing children made up their family : John, deceased ; Lydia, late wife of Henry Coffroad; Samuel, aged seventy-nine years, a resident of Earl township; Elizabeth, residing in Salisbury township ; Mar- garet, deceased, wife of William Bryson, of Salis- bury township ; Catherine, the widow of William Rishel, living in Compassville ; Rachel, married to John Elmer, of SaHsbury township; Gabel, de- ceased; Jane, married to Henry Ammon, of Gap, Pa. ; Ann, married (first) to Henry Wademan and (second) to Abraham Miller, of Reading; Henry, a farmer of Salisbury township ; Abraham ; Mary, married to Harrison Ross, ex-county registrar of Chester county; Harriet, married to John Ross, a farmer of Chester county ; and Leah. Abraham Patton attended the district schools and remained at home with his father until his mar- riage, after which he began housekeeping and has followed the carpenter trade. On Aug. 19, 1861, at Lancaster, he enlisted in Co. A, 79th P. V. I., and served under Captains William Kendrick, James Benson and Edward McCafferty, faithfully per- forming the duties of a soldier for a period of three years. Mr. Patton participated in some of the most serious and decisive battles of the war, including Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga and Chat- tanooga, going then with Sherman to Atlanta; he was discharged on account of the termination of his enHstment, June 19, 1863. Mr. Patton was severely wounded in the right side, bv a musket ball, in the battle at Perryville and was kept for seven weeks in the hospital at New Albany, Ind. After his return from the war he worked at the carpenter trade and now is one of the leading build- ers of the locality. In January, 1870, Mr. Patton was married in New Holland, to Miss Mary Palmer, born in Ear! BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1225 township, in September, 1842, daughter of Joseph -and Ehzabeth (Bowers) Pah-ner, of Earl township, ■who had these children: Ann, deceased wife of James Dun lap ; Rebecca, married to Israel Gabel, ■of Lancaster ; Maria, the widow of Solomon Shaffer, ■of Earl township; Mary, the wife of Mr. Patton; Margaret, deceased wife of John K. Diem, of Lea- cock township ; Octermer, a carpenter of Chester •county ; and Amos, deceased. Mr. Palmer was a farmer of Earl township and died in 1867 at the -age of seventy-one years, his widow dying in 1879, ■aged eighty years. They were buried in the Pequea Presbyterian Church cemetery. To Mr. and Mrs. Patton these children were born : Clara, the wife of William Kiser, a cigar- imaker in Lancaster ; Anna, the wife of Elwood Menzer, a painter, in New Holland; Lillie, Henry and Samuel, at home. In politics Mr. Patton is a staunch Republican. As a business man, he is regarded as reliable and competent, and as a citizen, he commands the re- spect of the community. PETER G. MESHEY. Mr. Meshey's life of iifty-seven years has been full of activity, yet he is as vigorous in mind and body as when, thirty-five 3'ears ago, he donned a soldier's uniform to fight the battles of his country. Peter G. Meshey was born in Mt. Joy, Feb. 11, 1846. His father, who was also named Peter, was the son of John and Maria (Myers) Meshey, and both father and grandfather were farmers. His mother was Susan Groff, the daughter of Abraham Groff and Nancy Myers, whose home was origin- ally in Chester, but who later removed to Lancaster ■county. Mr. Meshey's parents were members of the Dunkard communion, and both are deceased, his Tnother having died in 1890, at the age of seventy- two, and his father four years later, after reaching his seventy-sixth birthday. Peter G. was their second child and eldest son ; an elder sister, Anna, was killed by a corn-cutting machine ; two brothers, Abraham and Amos, are also deceased, and a young- •€r brother, Jacob, resides in Steelton. Four other sisters, Mary, Susan, Elizabeth and Amanda, are married : Mary is Mrs. John Stofifer, of Rapho township ; Susan married Jacob Heise, of Ann- ville ; Elizabeth is the wife of Henry Nauman, of "Rapho ; and Amanda, Mrs. Cyrus Heise, has her Tiome at Mt. Joy. Peter G. Meshey remained at home with his parents until 1865, when he enHsted in Co. G, i6th Pa. Cav. He took part in the battle of Petersburg, as well as in other engagements, and in the final ■fighting around Richmond. He was mustered out in that city in August, 1865. From 1871 to 1873 he was engaged in farming, and for a year followed the business of a butcher in Lancaster. Two more years were devoted to agriculture, and for a time lie was employed in hauling coal at Lancaster. In 3885 he came to Columbia to begin work as brake- man on the Pennsylvania Railroad. Four years later he was made a flagman, and in April, 1900, was given the position of extra conductor. He is a property owner in Columbia, where he resides, and where he is held in esteem. He is a member of the G. A. R., and politically a Republican. He is also a member of the Church of God. He has been twice married. His first wife, to whom he was united in Bainbridge, Pa., in 1866, was Elizabeth, daughter of Nathaniel Striner, of Lancaster. She died Sept. i, 1869, at the age of twenty, leaving a daughter, Alice, who is now the wife of John Shudy, a boss painter, of Mariheim. On May 28, 1871, he led to the altar Miss Lucy A. Bletcher, of Lancaster. Fourteen children have been born to them, nine of whom are living. All bore the middle name of Bletcher ; they were christ- ened Amos, Clinton, Aeneas, Harrison C, Ella, Jacob, Euphemia, Milton, Blaine, Susan, Morton, William, Sarah and Margaret. Mrs. Meshey was born in Rapho township, Nov. 17, 1852. She is the granddaughter of John and Anna Bletcher, of Rapho township, Lancaster coun- ty, and the eldest child of Samuel Bletcher and Caroline Bander, his wife, who was a daughter of Jacob and Barbara (Flowers) Bander, of Lebanon coimty. Her grandfather was a farmer and her father was a blacksmith. Samuel Bletcher was born in January, 1828, and now resides in Manheim, Pa. Her mother died in November, 1878, in her forty-sixth 5'ear. The other children of Mr. and Mrs. Bletcher were Benjamin, Barbara, Mary, Em- eline, Melinda, Jacob, Sarah and Amanda. Of this large family only four are living. Benjamin re- sides at Manheim ; Mary is Mrs. Ezra Gingeras, of Columbia ; and Amanda is the wife of Leo Kriner, of Middletown. ABRAHAM G. HERR. One of the old fami- lies of Lancaster county is represented by Abraham G. Herr, whose father, grandfather and great- grandfather in the paternal line of ancestry were each named Abraham. He was born Oct. 7, 1834, on the farm in West Hempfield township, upon a portion of which he now lives in that retirement which is earned by a career of successful activity during earlier years. The parents were Abraham and Mary (Greider) Herr, natives of Manor and West Hempfield towns- ships, respectively. The father was born in 1806 and became a prominent citizen of West Hempfield township, serving for two years as supervisor. He lived to the age of eighty-two years and passed away in July, 1888. The mother, who was the daughter of John and Elizabeth (Hartsler) Greider, of Lancaster county, died in January, 1880, aged seventy-seven years. They were members of the Mennonite Church and were buried in the old Mennonite cemetery at Landisville. To Abraham and Mary (Greider) Herr were born the following: John, deceased ; Abraham G. ; Martha, late wife of 1226 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Henry Wirtz, a farmer ; Mary, of Lancaster, widow of A. P. Breneman; Benjamin, a farmer of Cole- rain township; Frances, wife of Levy S. Root, of Eden township;' and EHzabeth, of Lancaster. Abraham G. was reared on his father's farm in West Hempfield and* with the exception of seven years he has lived there all his life. He married in September, 1859, Miss Elizabeth Balmer. She was born in East Hempfield township in January, 1839, the daughter of Jacob and Mary (Sanger) Balmer, and the granddaughter of Martin Balmer, a farmer of Lancaster county, and of Christian Sanger, a farmer and carpenter of Manheim town- ship. Jacob Balmer remained a lifelong farmer of Lancaster county and died in 1896, aged seventy- eight years. His wife Mary died in 1890, aged sixty-eight years. They were members of the Men- nonite Church and were buried in the cemetery at the Kauffman Meeting House, in East Hempfield township. Three children were born to them: Elizabeth, wife of Abraham G. Herr ; Mary A., who married S. G. Summy, a hotel proprietor at Man- heim ; and Emanuel, deceased. To Abraham G. and Elizabeth (Balmer) Herr has been born one daughter, Mary B., who married Daniel D. Bowers, a farmer of Rapho township. On Aug. 4, 1864, Abraham G. Herr enlisted in Co. K, i9Sth P. V. I., for ninety days service, and was mustered out at Harrisburg, Nov. 6, 1864. The regiment was engaged in guard duty at Monocacy Junction. In 1879 Mr. Herr left the farm to take charge of a hotel in Penn township for four years. After living retired for a short time in Mountville, he resumed the hotel business in Penn township, continuing three years, until 1887. He then resided in Benfordsville for a year, when he purchased the old homestead in West Hempfield township, oper- ating it successfully until the spring of 1900. In that year he sold all the farm except one and one- half acres, which he retained for a home and since then he has retired from active life. Mr. and Mrs. Herr are active and prominent members of the Mennonite Church. In politics he is a Republican. He is a man of unusually keen judgment, and of profound convictions. His life in West Hempfield township has been one of influence, brightened by the esteem and respect in which he is held by all who know him. GEORGE W. H. FREW, M. D., is one of the young and successful physicians of Paradise town- ship, Lancaster county. After receiving his med- ical degree in 1895, he located in the community where he was born and reared, and there he has already attained prominence in his profession. Dr. Frew descends from an old Huguenot fam- ily, which, driven out of France by religious per- secution, had sought refuge in the north of Ireland, where the family remained through many succes- sive generations. About 1830, or a little later, Shaw Frew the grandfather of our subject emigrated with his wife and two children from Ireland to- America, and located in East Lampeter township, Lancaster county. About 1848 he removed to Lea- cock township where he purchased a farm and lived until his death in 1870 at the age of seventy years. He had married Miss Eleanor Butler, daughter of an Englishman, resident of Ireland, and sister of an officer in the English navy. She died in 1852, aged forty-two years. The family of Shaw and Eleanor (Butler) Frew consisted of the following children; David, deceased; James, deceased,-. Mary, deceased wife of Isaiah McKillips ; William- C, father of our subject; Shaw W., a resident of Vineland, N. J.; George B., deceased; and Mel- lisena E., deceased wife of B. C. Weaver. William C. Frew, one of the most prominent citizens of Paradise township, and familiarly known as "Squire" Frew, was born in East Lampeter township, Feb. 18, 1842. He was educated in the- common schools, and at the age of sixteen years he assumed the task of taking care of himself. Learn- ing the trade of carriagesmith 'he was employed at th.at trade and in various other temporary vocations,, until the breaking out of the Civil war. The career of Squire Frew in the army was long, honorable and eventful. He enlisted as a private- Oct. 4, 1861, in Co. D, 2nd P. V. C, serving in the ranks until 1864. He was promoted to corporal,, and then quartermaster sergeant, in Sept. 1862. He veteranized Jan. 2, 1864, and was appointed' regimental quartermaster sergeant in October, 1864^ He was promoted captain of Co. G, 2nd P. V. C. Feb. 27, 1865, and was mustered out July 13, 1865. Captain Frew saw very active service. Following- is a partial list of the engagements in which he participated: Wolf town, Aug. 2, 1862; second bat- tle of Bull Run, Aug. 30, 1862 ; Thoroughfare Gap,. Oct. 17, 1862; Warrenton, Oct. 6, 1862; Ocaquan' River, Dec. 28, 1862; Gettysburg, July 2 and 3, 1863 : Bealton Station, Oct. 22, 1863 ; Rappahan- nock, Oct., 23, 1863; Mine Run, Dec. 28, 1863 p Wilderness, May s, 6 and 7, 1864 ; Beiaver Dam, May ID, 1864; Ashland Station, May 11, 1864;; defenses of Richmond, May 12, 1864; Cold Harbor, June 2, 1864; TrevilHan station, June 11, 1864; St. Mary's Church, June 24, 1864; White House, Sept. 29, and Oct. i, 1864; Boydtown Plank Road, Oct. 27, 1864; Stony Creek, 'Dec. i, 1864; and Hatcher's Run, Nov. i, 1864. Capt. Frew was wounded three times. First he received a saber cut near Dumfries, Va., Dec. 28, 1862, and was taken prisoner at the same time. He was held in Libby Prison until the following March, when he was paroled, and was exchanged in June, where- upon he immediately rejoined his company and regiment. Again he was wounded, June 24, 1864. at St. Mary's Church, Va. It was a gun shot wound, and he was sent to the hospital, remaining- until the following September. He also received: a gun shot wound after the surrender of Lee, while doing duty as provost guard. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 122T After his return from service Capt. Frew en- gaged in railroad construction for about two years, and then returned to his trade of coachsmith, at which he continued for about eleven years, during this time acting as foreman for some years for Jacob Wenger, coach manufacturer of Paradise township. In 1879 he began for himself the oper- ation of a carriage manufacturing establishment, making all kinds of light vehicles for the local trade. Continuing this business successfully for twenty- one years, he sold out in 1900. He has had an experience of about thirty years as local magistrate. He was appointed justice of the peace in 1872, holding that office continuously ever since, and in all this time he has had but two cases reversed by the higher courts. He has also served on the board of education for sixteen years, during nine years of which time he was secretary of the board. In politics he is a Republican. He is a member of Cavalry Post, No. 35, G. A. R., of Philadelphia. For many years he has been a mem- ber of Washington Lodge, F. & A. M. No. 156, Quarry ville ; he also belongs to Royal Arch Chap- ter, No. 43, Lancaster ; Pequea Lodge, No. 161, 1. O. O. F. ; William Pitt encampment. No. 104 ; and Bart Lodge, No. 162, K. of P. William C. Frew was married, March 21, 1866, to Miss Susan Hull, daughter of George and Sidney (Pelen) Hull. To Mr. and Mrs. Frew have been born five children who are now living: Harry, who is postmaster at Paradise; George, sketch of whose life appears herewith ; and Edith, May and Ross, at home. The mother of these children is a member of the Presbyterian Church, while the father is an adherent of the Episcopal faith, and is a vestryman of the Paradise Church. Dr. George W. H. Frew, son of William C. and Susan (Hull) Frew, was born Oct. 13, 1871, in Paradise township. He was there reared to man- hood, receiving his education in the public schools and at the Millersville State Normal. For three years he taught 'in the public schools. Choosing medicine as his profession, he in 1891, entered the University of Pennsylvania at Philadelphia, gradu- ating in the Medical Department in 1895. During his college years he also took a special course of one year in penmanship, and he is a fine penman. He was also engaged as a tutor after leaving the University. After receiving his diploma Dr. Frew located at once at Paradise, where he has since con- tinued in general practice. Though yet a young man in the profession he has attained wide recog- nition and success. He is a member of the Lan- caster County Medical Society, and also of the State Medical Society. He is the medical exam- iner at Paradise for a number of insurance organi- zations, including the Mutual Life of New York, the Prudential of Newark, the New York Life, and the Manhattan Life of New York, and the American Relief Association and Union Mutual of Cincinnati, Ohio. Among the fraternal orders he is an active member of Pequea Lodge, No. 161, I. O. O. F., at Paradise. Dr. Frew married March 24, 1897, Miss Emma Overly, daughter of Samuel Overly, of Vintage. They have one child, Charles Truman. Dr. and Mrs. Frew are prominent members of the Presby- terian Church, and are widely and popularly known in social circles. WILLIAM A. GLOSSER, engineer on the Pennsylvania Railroad, was born in Columbia, Lan- caster Co., Pa., June 2, 1854, and this town is still his place of residence. He is a son of Andrew and Sarah (Parks) Glosser, of whom full mention is made below. Andrew Glosser was born in Baden, Germany,, in 18 17, and when twelve years of age was brought to America by his mother, who landed in Baltimore, Md. Andrew moved thence to Hollidaysburg, Pa., and in 1850 came to Columbia. He married in Huntingdon, Pa., Miss Sarah Parks, who was born in that borough in 1824, a daughter of Daniel and Elizabeth (Strong) Parks, natives, respectively, of England and Huntingdon, Pa. To the marriage of Andrew Glosser were born six children, as follows : Mary E. (wife of Zach F. Britton, a wallpaper dealer), Martha E. (married to Peter Wehner, a railroad conductor), Caroline (now Mrs. Samuel Campbell), William A. (whose name opens this sketch) and Lillian (widow of James Thomas), all residents of Columbia; and Maggie, who died' young. Andrew Glosser was a railroad engineer was first employed on the old State road, and when that line was purchased by the Pennsylvania road, transferred his services to the latter, and in this employ was killed July 7, 1861. In religion he was a Roman Catholic. His widow now makes her home with her daughter, Mrs. Martha E. Wehner, of Columbia. The parents of Andrew Glosser were Nicholas and Elizabeth (Yeager) Glosser, the former of whom died in Germany, and the latter with her six children came to America, as detailed above. These children have now all passed away, with the exception of Peter Glosser, a blacksmith in Columbia. William A. Glosser, at the age of eight years, entered a rolling mill, and six months later began work for J. B. Bauchman in the planing mill, and while with him learned the carpenter trade ; he next worked in the old Columbia woolen-mill one- month, when it was destroyed by fire, and then in the fall of 1869, became baggage master for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. In 1876 he went on the road as fireman, and in 1882 was appointed engineer, his present position. On Jan. 17, 1883, Mr. Glosser was joined in matrimony at Philadelphia, with Miss Mary E. Gallagher, a native of Newtown, Lancaster Co., Pa., born May 5, 1857, a daughter of James and Eliza (Varnett) Gallagher, the former of whom was a shoemaker and died in Newtown. To Mr. 1228 }3IOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and Mrs. Glosser have been born two children, Lillian M., and Harry P. Mr. Glosser, who is of a genial and sociable disposition, is very popular with his fellow citizens and prominent as a society man. He is a member of the Improved Order of Red Men, the Knights of Pythias, the Brotherhood ■of Locomotive Engineers, the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen, the P. H. C, and the Penn- sylvania R. R. Relief. He belongs to the Co- lumbia Fire Department. Religiously he is con- nected with St. John's Lutheran Church. Li poli- tics he is a Democrat. On May 23, 1888, Mr. Glos- ser was elected chairman of the committee on the ■Columbia Centennial Celebration, and executed the functions of this office very ably. He was offered the presidency, which he declined to accept, preferr- ing the position of chairman. JACOB KENDIG, of the firm of Jacob Kendig •& Son, tobacco packers at Silverspring, West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, was born in Manor township, this county, Nov. 8, 1830, and is a son of Rev. John and Mary (Mellinger) Ken- dig, the former of whom was a farmer and Men- nonite minister who died in Manor township in 1849, at fifty-three years of age, and whose wife ■died in the same township at the advanced age of ninety-six years. Of the seven children born to John and Mary (Alellinger) Kendig, Christian died at the age of thirty years ; Elizabeth of Manor township, was twice married, first to Jacob Dor- shelor and secondly to Christopher K. Witmer; John died in Iowa; Susan who died in 1899, was married to Rev. Peter Ebersole, a Mennonite min- ister; Martin is also among the departed; Jacob is the gentleman whose name introduces this bio- •graphical review, and Fanny is the widow of Henry R. Witmer. Jacob Kendig was reared on the old homestead in Manor township, and made his home thereon until the death of his father, when, being about nine- teen years old, he hired out among neighboring farmers for a few years and then came to Silver- spring and embarked in general mercantile trade; "he successfully carried it on for eighteen years, and then for six years was engaged in the live stock business as buyer, seller, drover and shipper. He made money at the precarious business, and then ■embarked in the tobacco trade as buyer, packer, •etc., and this trade is still flourishing under the firm- name of Jacob Kendig & Son, his partner being "his son, Jacob H. Jacob Kendig married in Philadelphia, Nov. 16, 1856, Miss Catherine Hershey, who bore her hus- band the following-named children : Elizabeth A., and Franklin, who both died in infancy ; Jacob H., partner with his father in the tobacco business at Silverspring and married to Effie Kauffman, who lias borne him two children, Harry and Albert; Susan, married to J. J. Hougendobler. Mrs. Catherine (Hershey) Kendig was born in Manor township and was a daughter of Benjamin and Susan (Reitzel) Hershey, the former of whom was a farmer and likewise a miller. Mrs. Kendig died in West Hempfield township, Feb. I5, 1900, at the age of sixty-four years, and her remains were in- terred in the Silverspring cemetery. Jacob Kendig was never afraid of hard work and, when a young man, neglected no opportunity of making by his own exertions an honest dollar. He was observant of men, things and eveilts, and profited by his observations, applying the results or lessons therefrom to the practical workings of his business, whether as a general merchant or a dealer in live stock. Mr. Kendig is now a director in the Columbia National Bank, and is likewise a trustee of the Silverspring cemetery. The firm name of Jacob Kendig & Son is very prominent in tobacco circles and stands without a blemish. In religion Jacob Kendig is a member of the German Brethren Church, and in politics is a Re- publican. Socially the standing of the family is all that could be desired, the best people of the community taking pride in calling and recognizing them as friends. CLARENCE NORTON McHOSE, whose delightful and much .frequented studio of music is at No. 244 East King street, Lancaster, is a con- spicuous figure in the musical circles of that city. Mr. McHose belongs to a well-known Pennsylvania family, and was born at Allentown Oct. 15, 1879. His father, Lucius H. McHose, lives at Catasauqua, and is a member of the firm of McHose Brothers, who control and operate extensive clay banks at Perth Amboy. New Jersey. Clarence N. McHose spent his boyhood in Al- lentown, where he attended the public schools, fin- ishing his education at Mercersburg Academy, of which institution he was musical director for a period of two years, and later he studied the organ with Prof. Fred. Wolle, of Bethlehem. He located in Lancaster four years ago, and his name soon became prominent in musical circles. He seemed to leap into popularity at a single bound, and to-day we find him one of the busiest men in all Lancaster county, teaching piano, organ and harmony. It is not only that his methods are thorough, but he is equipped for his work in far more than an or- dinary way. Of course his studio contains a first- class, high-grade piano ; but he also has a magnifi- cent organ, and recently added a "Virgil clavier to his equipment, the clavier being a key-board used for the development of hand and finger technique. It is an invaluable aid to students, and Mr. McHose enjoys the distinction of having been the first music teacher iii Lancaster to introduce this instrument into the work of his students. He is particularly successful in the instruction of very young children, his genial disposition and patience winning their confidence. Nor is this all. Busy as Mr. McHose is with his many pupils, he finds time to be organist BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1229 and choirmaster in Trinity Lutheran Church, di- rector of the choir of Zion's Lutheran Church, and director of the Mozart Singing Society of Colum- bia, as well as other prominent musical organiza- tions in his community. Mr. McHose was married, June 19, 1901, to Miss A. Margaretta Vollmer, in whom he has found an invaluable assistant, as far as the practical side of the profession is concerned. They have one child, Allan Irvine McHose, born May 14, 1902. Mr. McHose is a genial and intelligent gentleman, earnest and enthusiastic in his work, and as popular in social circles as he is in the musical world. His work among our young people has been much ap- preciated, and no man within our knowledge has secured a stronger hold upon our people in the same length of time than has Clarence N. McHose in the past four years. REV. JOHN M. SAUDER. Among the lead- mg men and representative citizens of East Earl township, prominent in both agricultural and re- ligious circles, is Rev. John M. Sauder, a resident of Goodville, Lancaster county, who, since May 16, 189s, has been a minister of the Mennonite Church. Rev. John M. Sauder, was born in the old house which has been his home ever since, June 27, 1864, a son of George H. and Judith (Martin) Sauder, the former of whom passed out of life, Sept. 17, 1894, at the age of sixty-seven years. The latter still survives, a beloved member of her son's family. Father George H. Sauder was a son of Peter and Hettie (Hoffman) Sauder, and was born in East Earl township where his whole quiet, worthy life was spent. An agriculturist all his days, he gave his attention to the cultivation of his farm of seventy-five acres, where his father had erected the comfortable residence still standing. George H. Sauder was a good citizen, a worthy man and a consistent member of the Mennonite Church. To him and his wife were born ten children: Mary, deceased; Nancy, the wife of Israel Hallinger, a druggist in East Earl township; Catherine, de- ceased; Martin, deceased, a farmer of Caernarvon township, whose wife and six children survive; Susannah, the wife of Levi Good, of Brecknock township; Hettie, deceased; John M. ; Lizzie, de- ceased; Lydia Ann, the wife of Martin Swigart, of East Earl township; and Rebecca, unmarried, who lives in the old home. John M. Sauder was reared on the farm and be- came its practical manager at the time of his father's retirement from activity. This is one of the care- fully cultivated and productive estates of that part of the county, and Mr. Sauder has given much attention to general farming. His _ improvements have been numerous and his adoption of modern methods and implements, quite in the line of pro- gress. Mr. Sauder gained his education in the public schools, and when twenty years of age, he not only became a member of the Mennonite Church, but decided to dedicate his youthful energies to reli- gious work. His ordination as a minister by Bishop Jacob N. Brubaker followed on May 16, 1895, and he was assigned to duty in the Weaver- land district, which includes five places of worship. Here he has, for the past eight years, been faithfully laboring, and although young in years, he is old in religious experience, and has done work for his church and people that promises to bear fruit long" after he has passed away. Mr. Sauder was married on Nov. 8, 1885, to Miss Susannah Good, who was a daughter of John and Mary (Zimmerman) Good; she was born in Brecknock township, but was reared in East Earl townshi]:i. To JMr. and Mrs. Sauder has been born a family of six children, all surviving except Susie, the youngest, the others being : George, Eli, Men- no, Mary and Lizzie, all bright and intelligent, and promising to become worthy members of society. LOUIS HENRY PFAEFFLE, until lately one of the esteemed and successful citizens of Lancaster, and a stock-broker in Rooms Nos. 232 and 234, in the Woolworth building, is now located in Phila- delphia. His birth was in Wurtemberg, Germany, and he has been identified with American interests since his eleventh year, and has been engaged in business for himself since his sixteenth year. Henry Pfaeffle, the father of Louis Pfaeffie, who is now a resident of Los Angeles, Cal., came to the United States when he was but fourteen years old, returning to Germany at maturity, and there marrying Miss Mary Lauer, whose father was a miller in Wurtemberg. Sixteen children were born to this marriage, several of whom are deceased. One brother, Ernest, a brave lad in the Philippines,. was wounded and died a year ago, far from home, a martyr to his country. The living members of this once numerous family are: Louis Henry; Bertha, wife of Jacob Emerling a hotel-keeper; Henry, who lives in San Francisco; Charles, a cigarmaker in Philadelphia ; Robert, who is a drug- gist of San Francisco ; Eugene, who is in the cigar business, in San Francisco; Matilda, in San Fran- cisco; and Clara, who is with her parents in Los Angeles, Cal. Louis Henry Pfaeffle came to America, as noted, at the age of eleven years, a bright, intelligent, am- bitious youth, ready and willing to turn his atten- tion to anything promising to advance his interests in a legitimate way. For eight years he followed the butchering business, embarking then in hotel- keeping, managing the Maennerchor hotel for eight years. During five years of this time he was also an amusement manager, being the first to introduce lig'ht variety shows to the public of Lancaster. These enterprises were carried on without interfering with other lines as Mr. Pfaeffle also conducted a cafe in the rear of the Central market, at Grant and Market streets, and for a time was proprietor of Knapp's 1230 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Villa. In the early part of 1897, Mr. Pfaeffle began business as a stock-broker, in Columbia, and after ■conducting the business there for about three years, returned to Lancaster, and here built up an ■extensive business. He has at comparatively a re- cent date located in Philadelphia. The marriage of Mr. Pfaeffle was to Miss Matil- da Gerstner, of Baden, and five children were born to this union: Otto Henry, who ably assisted his father in the brokerage business ; Henry George, a clerk; Henrietta, a capable saleslady in Watt & Shand's New York store; and Florence and Ger- trude, in school. Fraternally Mr. Pfaeffle is con- nected with the order of Odd Fellows, the Eagles and the Royal Arcanum, being active and popular in all of them. His religious connection is with the Lutheran Church. His standing in business circles in Lancaster was deservedly high, and few men had "been more successful in building up and establish- ing firmly a prosperous business through unassisted effort. ' ALBERT M. DEICHLER, the book, news and stationery dealer at Nos. 141-143 North Queen street, is a striking example of a self-made man ; and, except for the retail store keepers who buy their supplies from him, few people in the commun- ity have an adequate idea of the size and scope of his business. He is not only a retail book, news and stationery dealer, but a wholesaler of imported fancy novelties and toys of every description. An expert salesman represents him on the road, and gives close attention to his trade, which includes not only fancy novelties, but ice-cream boxes, paper bags, wrapping paper, twines and all kindred supplies. Albert M. Deichler is a son of Philip Deichler, who, hale and hearty at the age of eighty-three, still carries on the business of shoemaking and gpes hunting for exercise and pleasure. Philip Deichler and his brother, Maximillian, now deceased, were among the very early settlers of Lancaster county, having come to this country from Germany in 1820. Their father, who came with them, died soon after arriving in Pennsylvania. Philip Deichler mar- ried Miss Elizabeth Ann Leaman, belonging to a well known Lancaster county family, and of the ten children born to this union five are still living: Charles, a coachsmith; Harry, for the last twenty years in the service of the Adams Express Com- pany, in Lancaster; Irene, who lives at home; Frank, bookkeeper for the Girard Trust Company, of Philadelphia ; and Albert M. Albert M. Deichler was born in Lancaster, June 2, 1870, and left school at the age of thirteen to help his father in his shoe business and to sell papers on the street. At seventeen he went to pattern-mak- ing, a trade he followed for eight years. At the end of that time he started in business as a news dealer in a most modest and unpretentious way. His first location was in his father's shoe shop in the Shober building, on West Orange street. From there he set up for himself at the corner of North Queen and West Orange streets, where he erected a frame structure, and where he quickly developed one of the largest newspaper and periodical trades in the city. In 1898 he removed to No. 156 North Queen street, where he soon built up the handsome business of which mention is made above. Aug. r, 1902, Mr. Deichler moved into larger quarters at 141 -143 North Queen street, where he occupies the first floor and basement of a large double build- ing, with floor space of 100 feet by forty feet, where the demands of his constantly increasing trade can be more easily met. Mr. Deichler was married in 1893 to Miss Em- ma Gerlitzki, a daughter of the late Joseph Ger- litzki, who was ari artist in his calling as a wood carver. To this union have come two sons, Frank Raymond and Albert Melvin. Mr. Deichler is a member of the Knights of Pythias, the Knights of Malta, the Odd Fellows, the Jr. O. U. A. M., the Royal Arcanum, the Knights of the Ancient Es- senic Order and the Young Men's Democratic So- ciety. Personally he is very popular, and has a host of friends. CHARLES MARTIN REILING, the efficient official court stenographer of Lancaster county, al- though not a native of Lancaster has been here for so many years, and has made such an honorable record for himself, as to fairly entitle him to a place on these pages. , Mr. Reiling's ancestors came from Hessen- Darmstadt, Germany, and his grandfather Reiling settled at Gettysburg, Pa. His father, John Martin Reiling, was born in Adams county, where he be- came a farmer, and he is now living retired at Philipsburg, Center county. John Martin Reiling married Elizabeth Zeilinger, daughter of a well known farmer of Monterey, Pa., and two sons were born of this union: Harry Calvin, now a jeweler at Philipsburg; and Charles M., of Lancaster. Charles Martin Reiling was born at Gettysburg, July 15, 1867, and was educated in the public and private schools of the district. Leaving school he became a teacher for one year, meanwhile studying stenography, and we next find him in the employ of Carnegie, Phipps & Co., in Philadelphia, as a sten- ographer. After remaining there one year, he was with the Pencoyd Iron Works, then with a whole- sale grocery house, and then as a stenographer with the Sporting Life Pubhshing Co. On Jan. 15, 1894, Mr. Reiling was appointed official court stenogra- pher to the courts of Lancaster county, and has held that position ever since, with entire satisfac- tion to the court, the attorneys and all who come in contact with him. His cosy office is in the Brown Law Building, on North Duke street, and his home is at No. 235 East Orange street. Soci- ally Mr. Reiling belongs to the Benevolent and. Protective Order of Elks, and politically to the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1281 Young Republicans, taking a very active inter- est in the latter organization, of which he was vice-president for two terms, and is now chairman ■of the Library committee. Of pleasant address and kindly disposition, Mr. Reiling has made hosts of friends during the years of his residence in this, the home of his adoption. JOHN S. ROHRER, a general farmer of Rapho township, was born on his present farm, Jan. II, 1868, a son of Jacob and Mary (Kreider) Rohrer. On Sept. 28, 1893, Mr. Rohrer was mar- ried at Lancaster, Pa., to Miss Lizzie Nissley. Three children have been born to them, Edna N., J. Norman and Alvin N., all at home. Mrs. Lizzie (Nissley) Rohrer, was born in Rapho township. May 13, 1870, a daughter of David E. and Martha M. (Rutt) Nissley, of Lancaster county. The father was a farmer in Rapho town- ship, and died in February, 1893, aged sixty-three years, and is buried in the old Nissley graveyard in Rapho township. His widow is residing with her daughter, Mrs. Risser, in Manheim. She is a member of the Mennonite Church, as was also her husband. They were the parents of the following ■children : Menno, a farmer of Rapho township ; Amos, deceased ; Lizzie, wife of the subject of this sketch; Martha, wife of John R. Risser, of Man- lieim ; David, of Chicago, 111. ; and Simon, a farmer of Rapho. Mrs. Rohrer's grandparents on her father's side were Samuel and Anna (Eby) Nissley, of Lan- <:aster county; on her mother's side the grand- parents were David and Martha (Miller) Rutt of Lancaster county. John S. Rohrer has always lived in his present abode. Upon his father's retirement in 1894, he took charge of the farm and has conducted it very successfully ever since. The family are members of the Mennonite Church. In politics Mr. Rohrer is a Republican, but up to the present time has never sought office. He is prominent in his district and stands well as a man of sterling worth. Of kindly disposition he has a large circle of personal friends. WENGER R. GROFF, now residing on his farm, a mile and a half west of New Holland, long known as the Groff homestead, is one of the repre- sentative and progressive men of Lancaster county. He was born July 14, 1862, on the same farm which has been held in the family since it was first settled "by Hans Groff, the founder of the family in America. Wenger R. Grofif is a son of Daniel W. and Savilla (Ranck) Grofif, and a grandson of Abra- ham Groff, who married a Miss Wenger. Abra- ham Groff is remembered as a wealthy and public- spirited citizen who owned four farms in Earl and West Earl townships, and a mill property. The ?farm on which Wenger R. Groff now lives was a part of his property, and he was both a miller and a farmer. In a manner he may be said to have been a self-made man, as most of his property was ac- quired by his own efforts and good management. By his honest heart and gentle bearing he won many friends. Not a member of any church, his bearing and habits were in keeping with the most religious character, and his life of eighty years was spent in industry and kindliness. His chil- dren were as follows : Daniel the father of Wen- ger R. ; Samuel, of Bareville ; Christian, a farmer of West Earl township ; Abraham, deceased ; Maria, the widow of Rev. John Graybill ; Nettie, the widow of Peter Snyder, of Reading, Pa. To his second wife, Catherine Good, was born Elam, a resident of Bareville. Daniel W. Groff, the father of Wenger R., died July 16, 1889, when fifty-six years old. He was reared on the mill farm in West Earl township, and was eiducated in the common schools. After his marriage he located on the farm where Wenger R. is found to-day. This farm comprises 109 acres, and it was his home during his life-time. In Lan- caster county he was noted during his active years as one of the heaviest stock-dealers, buying the stock in Pittsburg, and selling them to Lancaster county farmers. When the stock was brought into fine condition, he would again buy it and ship to eastern markets. In local affairs he was always- deeply interested, held to the principles of the Re- publican party, and was an intelligent and public- spirited citizen. Mr. Groff was married to Miss Savilla Ranck, who was born in Earl township, and who died Sept. 20, 1899, at the age of fifty-six years. Jacob Ranck, her father, lived in Earl township. Mr. and Mrs. Groff were the parents of thirteen children : Oliver, deceased ; Ida, the wife of L. S. Wiedler, of Man- heim township ; Wenger R. ; Kate, the wife of John Schaeff'er, of West Earl township ; Mollie and Savilla, both deceased; Daniel, a resident of West Earl township ; Diller, who lives in West Earl township ; Maggie, wife of John Reinhold, of Roths- ville ; Walter, unmarried, living in West Earl town- ship ; Annitta, the wife of Edward Wenger, of West Earl township ; Ruf us and Rolland, both unmarried and living in West Earl township. The mother of these children was a member of the Reformed Church. Wenger R. Groff was reared on the farm and educated in the public schools. When he was twen- ty years old he began operations for himself at Lancaster, in the cattle and butchering business. After two years of this work, he returned to the farm, where he has since made his home, owning the old homestead of log acres which was selected by his ancestor, Hans Groff, as noted above. Mr. Groff gives his attention wholly to his farm and to his stock dealing, which he took up on the death of his father, and which he carried on until 1901 when he turned his stock dealing business over to his 1232 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY brothers. He has always been known as a bright and progressive character, ever ready to help on every good work in the community. In politics he is a Republican, and has been supervisor. Mr. Groff was married in September, 1897, to Miss Elizabeth Brubaker, a daughter of Shaeffer Brubaker, of Warwick township. She was born in Ephrata, Lancaster county, and is the mother of one child, Wenger. MILTON N. MILLER, a general farmer of Rapho township, Lancaster county, is one of the leading citizens of his district. He was born March I, 1874, a son of David L. and Leah (Nissley) Miller, of this same farm. Mr. Miller was reared to agricultural pursuits, and obtained his education in the common schools of his district. He has made his home on the farm where he was born, and has made for himself quite a local reputation as a good, careful and judicious farmer. In politics he is identified with the Repub- Kcan party. His religious connection is with the Old Mennonite Church. On Nov. 10, 1896, in West Hemp field township, Mr. Miller was married to Mary N. Hostetter, a granddaughter of Jacob and Nancy (Stauffer) Hos- tetter, farming people of West Hempfield township, and Christian and Lizzie (Nissley) Newcomer, na- tives of Lancaster county. The parents of Mrs. Miller were Christian and Barbara (Newcomer) Hostetter, the former of whom was born on his pres- ent large farm in West Hempfield township, and the latter, born in Rapho township, died on the old farm, Dec. 6, 1884, at the age of forty-seven years. She was buried in the Cross Roads Meeting House ceme- tery in East Donegal township. The father was born Jan. 22. 1835, and after a long and busy life, retired from activity in 1897. Both parents were long valued members of the religious body known as Brethren in Christ. Their children were : Anna N., who married Benjamin Nissley, a farmer of East Hempfield township ; Reuben N., who married Annie Miller, and lives in Rapho township ; Jacob N., who died young ; Lizzie N., widow of Albert Engle, now residing with her father ; David N., who resides on the old homestead ; Christian N., who is a farmer in Manor township ; Barbara N., who mar- ried Enos Hess, a bookkeeper in Center county; Abraham, who resides on the home farm ; and Mary N. (Mrs. Miller), born Oct. 2A, 1873. Both Mr. and Mrs. Miller are highly regarded in their community and have a very wide circle of friends and acquaintances. They have one child, Barbara H., born April 30, igo2. HENRY H. KLINE. One of the representa- tive citizens of West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, industrious, enterprising and prosperous, is Henry H. Kline, now engaged in general farming and .lairying at Klinesville. He is a native of East Hempfield township, where he was born Oct. 18, 1838. the son of John and Catherine (Hougendobler) Kline, and the grandson of Jacob and Elizabeth (Docksie) Kline, of East Hempfield township, and. of Joseph and Mai-y (Heastand) Hougendobler, of West Hempfield township. Both grandfathers were farmers of German extraction. John Kline, the fa- ther of Henry H., was in early Hfe a stone mason but later followed farming. He was a member of the New Mennonite Church. He died Jan. 2, 1876^ aged sixty-nine years. His wife died Aug. 4, 1868,. aged fifty-five years. They were buried in Klines- ville cemetery. Eight children were born to John- and Catherine Kline, as follows : Mary, of Colum- bia, Pa., widow of Jacob Metzgar; John, deceased;. David, retired in Klinesville ; Ephraim, a farmer of Klmesville; Anna, wife of John Seifried, a farmer of Lancaster ; Jacob deceased ; Henry H. ; Samuel^ a painter of Marietta. Henry H. Kline was reared on the home farm,, where lie remained until he was eighteen. He then, began life for himself at farm work among the- neighboring agriculturists and in 1879 he purchased from his father's estate the well-tilled farm where he now resides and which he has since operated. He- married Oct. 24, 1 87 1, in West Hempfield township,. Miss Hester A. Sourbeer, who was born in Colum- bia, Sept. 16, 1849, ^he daughter of Joshua and Char- lotte (Hougendobler) Sourbeer, prominent residents of West Hempfield township. To Henry and Hes- ter (Sourbeer) Kline have been bom five children,, namely Joshua S., who married Anna M. Wag- ner and lives at Columbia; Charlotte S., at home; Joseph C, a silk weaver at Marietta ; Edmond, wha- died at the age of two years ; and Charles B., at home. Politically Henry H. Kline supports the prin- ciples of the Republican party. His wife is a member of the M. E. Church. In the social life of West Hempfield township they are highly esteemed for- their many estimable qualities, with which are united that shrewd judgment of men and afifairs, and that staunch unswerving integrity which command ad- miration and insure a deserved and abundant pros- perity. ANDREW JOHN DUNLAP, the popular col- lector and solicitor of the Sprenger Brewing Co., is- descended from a family prominent as patriots and soldiers in the American Revolution. John Dunlap, the great-great-grandfather of Andrew John, came from Scotland in 1735. His lands were located near Weavertown, this county,, and he made his home at Pequea, in Leacock town- ship. His children were: Andrew, Isaac, Archey and John. Of these Isaac located in Center county. Pa. The father shouldered arms in the war of the ■ Revolution, and went forth to battle for the freedom- of his adopted land. John Dunlap, son of the emigrant, was also a soldier in the Revolutionary war. He married Isa- bella Lytic, of Peciuea, and their children were;- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1233 James, Isaac, John, Archey, Andrew, Susan, Jane, Isabella, Lizzie and Rebecca. Of these, Susan mar- ried John McKillips, and is still living, making her home at No. 431 West Walnut street, Lancaster; Isaac served in the war of 1812 ; and John, the only merchant in the family, was also weighmaster of the Pennsylvania Railroad, when that road was under State control. Andrew Dunlap, son of John and grandfather of Andrew John, lived most of his life in the vicinity of Weavertown, Leacock township, but spetit several years in Lancaster township, where he died in 1854. He married Mary Miller, of Weavertown, and their children were : ( t ) John M., the only one of the fam- ily to enter the professional world, is a successful physician in Manheim, and prominent in public af- fairs, having served two terms as State Senator from his district ; he married Matilda Amdt, of Manheim Borough, and became the father of Francis, M. D., and Charles. (2) James Clemson is mentioned be- low. (3) Isaac Lytle. (4) Samuel served in the Civil war. (5) Lizzie and (6) Hallie completed the family. James Clemson Dunlap, son of Andrew and fa- ther of our subject, was married to Frances Hast- ings, whose father was a farmer of Colerain town- ship, and whose ancestors were from England. Six children were born of this marriage, all of whom are living: Andrew J., our subject; Maria L., wife of Abraham D. Swartley, of Lancaster; Stephen H. ; Emma J., who married Adam Deitrich, of Rohrers- town, and has three children, Minnie (who is attend- ing Madame Cotta College), Davis and Alta; Alice I., who lives at home ; and Frank M. Mrs. Frances (Hasting) Dunlap, the beloved mother, entered into rest Nov. 29, 1901. Andrew J. Dunlap was educated in the public schools, and entered the high school, but was obliged to leave at the age of fourteen years to assist his mother in the management of the family patrimony. After the death of his father, his mother bought a tract of land known as Conestoga Park, where she lived for twenty- four years, when she sold it for park purposes. Flere young Andrew, although but a lad, developed rich sand and stone quarries, and remained on his mother's place, until he had fitted himself by study during spare hours for school teaching, and by a partial course at Millersville. For seventeen winters he taught school with much success. Dur- ing these years' he taught day and night sessions in Eden, Warwick and Manheim townships; and for one winter he was principal' of the night school for boys in Lancaster, and held the same position sixteen years in Conestoga Mills Night School,' a' school maintained by S. S. Spencer. Mr. Dunlap gave up teaching to take a position as deputy collector in the Internal Revenue office, serving in that responsible position under the Collectorship of John P. Mac- Gonigle, and George W. Hensel, and also that of Saim Matt. Fridy, having entered the Office under President Cleveland's first administration. Leaving the governmeiit employ after some years of very creditable work, he became a bookkeeper for Frank A. Rieker's Brewery, a position which he left to take a much better offer from the Sprenger Brewing Co.,. which place he has held for the last eight years. In 1877 Mr. Dunlap was married to Miss Lydia K., a daughter of the late Emanuel Landis, a farmer whose lands extended on both sides of the Big Cones- toga bridge, and of this union were born seven chil- dren : John, Charles and William, deceased ; Frank, who is clerk for the Standard Oil Co. ; Bessie Landis, the wife of W. Z. Roy, a bookbinder and church organist : Uhler Hastings ; and Stephen Edgar. Mr. Dunlap, with his family, belongs to Trinity Lutheran Church, although his father's people were Episco- palians, and his mother's Presbyterians. In Cones- toga Park, a beautiful place that is full of old Colo- nial and Revolutionary associations, there is a sub- terranean passage way, one hundred feet long, that is supposed to be the work of colonists in the old arid troubled times when the Indians roamed Lancaster county. The old'home building of the Dunlap fam- ily, in Conestoga Park, is supposed to have been built a hundred and sixty years ago, by a Mr. Wit- mer and for a time during the Revolution was a hotel. Stories and legends enough to fill a volume center around it, and Mr. Dunlap is full of its lore and can recount it in a most interesting manner. EDV/ARD B. REITZEL, a brakeman in the service of the Pennsylvania Railway Co., is a son of Ephraim H. Reitzel, and a somewhat extended nar- rative of his family history may be found in the bio- graphical sketch of his father elsewhere. He was born in Columbia, Sept. 17, 1871, and, with the ex^ ception of one year, which he spent in Philadelphia, he has passed his entire life in that town. He entered the employ of the railway company on March i, 1893. He is a young man of remarkable powers of observation, and while not a profound student he is an active thinker, keeping in close touch with the vital issues of the day. He is a Republican in poli- tics, and a member of the Order of Railway Train- men. On Dec. 23, 1897, Mr. Reitzel was united in mar- raige to Miss Ida M. Witman, who was bom in East Prospect, York county, April 7, 1870. They have one son) William Taylor, born in Columbia June 25, 1901. Mrs. Reitzel is the second of a family of six: children born to John A. and .!\lice A. (Hoke) Wit- man, the latter the daughter of John and Julia (Green) Hoke. Joseph Witman, great-grandfather of Mrs. Reit- zel, lived in Germany, where he was a farmer. He was a soldier, too, and participated in the battle of Waterloo, where he was wounded, and he died on the battlefield. His wife was Mary Rhoads, who- was also German born. Joseph Witman, grandfather of Mrs. Reitzel, was born in France, Feb. 7, 1818, and came to York county. Pa., in 1836. By occupation he was a farm- 78 1234 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY er. His wife, Matilda Smith, was born in York county in 1822, and died in Dover township in 1863. They had eleven children, as follows : ( i ) George, born in 1840, was a farmer, and died in 1885. (2) Peter, born Nov. 12, 1842, is a farmer in York coun- ty ; he married Susan Deitz, in 1868, and they have five children : John, Lizzie, Norman, Molly and Carry. (3) John A. is mentioned below. (4) Joseph, born June 2, 1852, is a cabinet maker in Pittsburg; in 1872 he married Emma Booker, and has had six children: Clara, Jacob (deceased), Mary, Bertha, Joseph and Beulah. ( 5) Samuel, bom Dec. 25, 1852, IS the principal of a school in South Dakota ; he mar- ried Telitha Clair, of Columbia, and has two chil- dren. (6) Jacob, born July 10, 1854, died in infancy. (7) Elizabeth, born Aug. 14, 1857, married David Beaverson, by whom she had four children ; she mar- ried second William Besteress, who is now deceased. (8) Maggie, born Aug. 14, 1857, a twin to Eliza- beth, married Alfred Flager, and has had four chil- dren; Jane (deceased), Nannie, Alfred, Jr., and Hammond, (q) Frank, born Jan. 22, i860, is a car- penter in York; he married Carrie Miller, and has four children; Annie (a school teacher), Helena, Frank and Manuel. (10) Emanuel, born May 20, 1862, is a merchant in Colorado; he married Katie .Shaw, and has two children, Sylvan and Ruth. (11) Emma, born, Nov. 22, 1864, married Albert Seigert, who died in 1899. ^^^ has one child Catherine, and lives in York. John A. Witman, son of Joseph and father of Mrs. Reitzel, was born in 1846, and he married Alice A. Hoke, who was born in 1847, a daughter of John and lulia (Green) Hoke. Their children were: Anna" E., Mrs. H. Folkenroth, of York; Ida M., Mrs. Reitzel ; John J., deceased ; Carrie H., wife of Harry Reikart, of York ; Frankie, who died in in- fancy; and Harry M., at home with his parents. John A. Witman is a retired farmer and coach maker, and both he and his wife are members of the M. E. Church. Mrs. Reitzel in maternal lines is descended from John H(3ke, who was born in Adams county. He married Catherine Honian, and had four children, Hammond, Manuel, Mary Ann and John, all of whom lived in York. Of these, Hammond married Elizabeth Free, and had seven children, Leah, Adam, Sarah Ann, Amanda, Catherine, Rebecca and Emma; Manuel married Katie Blatz, and had two children, Harmon and Katie; Mary Ann married Gust Wiser, and had children, Annie, Ella (de- ceased), Percy and Florence. John Hoke, youngest son of John and Catherine (Homan) Hoke, married Julia Green, and had three children, Joshua, Alice and Elizabeth. Of these, Joshua married Telitha Meek, and they have five children, George, Mamie, William, Ward and Viola ; they live in Middletown, Pa. Elizabeth married John Gilbert, and thev have ten children, Titus, Neva, Claudia, Iva, Vergia, Lula, Etta, Moma, Bertha- and Blaine. Alice Hoke, mentioned above, was married Oct. 18, 1866, to John Witman, and became the mother of six children as previously stated. EMMOR SHAW, in his life time a general farmer and excellent citizen of Sadsbury township, was born on his late farm, Feb. 14, 1859, son of Benoni and Ruth (Seeds) Shaw, both of Chester county. Benoni Shaw came to the Lancaster county farm in 184.1, and although by trade he was a mason, he was principally engaged in farming. For many years he was one of the school directors, faithfully attended to school aiifairs, and was a just and honor- able man. His death occurred Jan. 6, 1888, at the age of eighty-one years, his widow surviving until Jan. 17, 1901, when she passed away at the age of eighty-three. Both were buried in the old Friends' cemetery at Homeville, Pa., both having been exem- plary members of the Society of Friends. The chil- dren born to Benoni Shaw and wife were : Phoebe, widow of Clayton I'horapson, of Atglen, Pa. ; Oliver, a farmer and drover, in Colerain township ; Maggie, unmarried and residing in Westchester, Pa. ; Sallie, who married Robert Fitch, and lives in Chester coun- ty ; John, a carpenter, living in Iowa ; Franklin, who conducts a grist mill, in Rochester, N. Y. ; and Emmor. Emmor Shaw was rpared on the home farm, ac- quired his education in the piablic schools, and was engaged in farming almost all his life. Some three years were spent at Andrews Bridge, in Colerain township, where he managed the hotel, during the first year in association with his brother-in-law, but the rest of the time alone. He then returned to Sads- bury township and resumed agricultural pursuits, and was justly regarded as one of the successful farmers of this locality. On ]\Iarch 3, 1887, in Andrews Bridge, Emmor Shaw was married to Miss Ella Roop, who was born in Pequea, Salisbury township, daughter of Abra- ham and Susanna (Hurst) Roop, the former now residing in Colerain township, a retired farmer. Mr. Roop was born Jan. 2, 1833, and for thirty years operated the "Octoraro Hotel," was postmaster at Andrews Bridge, and has long been a director in the Christiana Bank. Mrs. Susanna (Hurst) Roop died in Octoraro, in April, 1886, at the age of fifty- one years, and was buried in the Union Presbyterian cemetery there. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. . Roop were: John M., a hotel keeper at Andrews Bridge ; Clara, deceased, who married Emlen Davis ; Ella, who became Mrs. Shaw ; Joseph H., a merchant at Andrews Bridge; Abraham C, a farmer of Cole- rain township ; and Clement, who died in infancy. The grandparents of Mrs. Shaw were: John and Barbara (Martin) Roop, and Peter and Diana (Sheafifer) Hurst, all of Lancaster county. Mr. Shaw was prominently identified with the Republican party, and for two years was the capa- ble township auditor, being known as one of the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1235 most upright citizens of Sadsbury township. He died Aug. 30, 1902, and was laid to rest in Union Presbyterian cemetery on Sept. 3d, following. The family is one which is universally respected through this part of Lancaster- county. JOHN HENRY MYERS, with office adjoining those of E. D. Reilly and John E. Snyder, well known lawyers of Lancaster, has the distinction of having been the second public stenographer and typewriter in Lancaster. Christian Myers, his father, has been manager of the Lancaster office of the Singer Sewing Ma- chine Co. for the past fifteen years. He came to the United States from Germany, in 1853, locating in Millville, N. J. He married Miss Louisa Krutz, daughter of Lewis Kurtz, a cigar manufac- turer of Millville, and seven children were born of this union : Anna L., wife of Harvey M. Shaar, of Soutter, Buchanan & Young's dry goods house, Lancaster ; Lou, wife of Frank J. Oglee, principal of the high school at Rutherford, N. J. ; Miss Ella D., bookkeeper in the Singer Sewing Machine Co.'s office at Lancaster; Fred D., manager of extensive machine shops in Philadelphia; Herman G., ex- pert jeweler employed by Harry L. Weber, in Lancaster : W. K., in the class of 1904, State Col- lege ; and John Henry. John Henry Myers was born in Millville, N. J., Nov. 21, 1874, and coming to Lancaster at the age of twelve years, was educated in the public schools. He also took a course at Weidler's Busi- ness College, after which he took up the profession of phonography, making a specialty of legal work, and in which he has been entirely successful. His services are used by the leading members of the Bar, and are also sought by other professional gen- tlemen. Mr. Myers married Miss Lilian A. Remley, daughter of the late R. J. Remley, contractor and "builder of the Lancaster County Almshouse, the John L. Arnold building on North Queen street, and other prominent structures. Mr. Remley entered into rest in February, 1900. One son and one daughter have Ijeen born to Mr. and Mrs. Myers, Nelson K. and Anna C. Mr. Myers is a member and deacon of Grace Lutheran Church, and is also secretary of the Sunday school. He is secretary of Empire Council, No. 120, Jr., O. U. A. M., and belongs to Emanuel Lodge, I. O. O. F., and Fulton Castle, Knights of the Golden Eagle. He is a Republican, "but takes no active part in politics, preferring to de- vote his entire time to the duties of his profession. Mr. Myers lives in a cozy home at No. 630 East King street, opposite Lancaster County Prison Park, and there, when freed from cares of business, he finds substantial rest and comfort with his family. AMOS WADE, one of the better and more public-spirited farmers of East Drumore township, was born in Lancaster county, in November, 1829, a son of Christian and Mary Wade, who came from Germany, and settled in Eden township, on the property now owned by Robert Montgomery. There Amos Wade was reared, the oldest member of a family of six children. Christian Wade, the next in the family, lived and died in East Drumore township; Aaron Wade married and died in Eden township, leaving a widow and three children, Mabel, Myrtel and Rufus; Mary Wade is the widow of Samuel Marrow, who died in Lancaster leaving a family; Eliza Wade is the widow of Daniel Hess, of Martinsville, Lancaster county; Emma Wade is the wife of Thomas McNichols, who lives at Mar- tinsville, and has a family. Amos Wade had his education in the public schools, and was a farmer until his death. In De- cember, 1853, he married Mary A. Keen, who was the daughter of Henry and Julia (Mow- rer) Keen, a noted family in Lancaster county. Mrs. Wade was born Nov. 17, 1833, in Eden town- ship, on the Keen homestead, near Quarryville. The young couple settled for a few years on the old Wade homestead, which Mr. Wade had bought, and then removed to the present home of the family in East Drumore township. There Mr. Wade died in August, 1888, leaving a widow and ten children, (i) Jacob C. Wade, born in August, 1854, is a railroad employe, married Winfried Bryson and has one son, Ira. (2) Anna E. Wade, born in Decem- ber, 1855, is the wife of David Mowrer, a saddler at Quarryville. (3) Susanna Wade died in child- hood. (4) Mary E. Wade, born in July, 1858, mar- ried Jerry Miner, of West Drumore township and died, leaving a family of nine children: Aaron, Harrv, Katie, Amos W., Charles M., Mary S., John W., Effie E. and David C. (5) Debbie L. Wade, born in October, i860, is the wife of Martin Bruce, who resides at Marticville, Lancaster county, where he is a coach dealer. (6) Harry Wade, born in No- vember, 1862, married Ida E. Dahn, and lives on his father's old homestead in East Drumore town- ship, where they have two children, Anna B. and Harry M. (7) Effie Lincoln Wade, born in Octo- ber, 1864, was educated in the home schools, and always remained at home, where she cared for her aged mother with a devoted affection. Her death brought grief to a host of friends. (8) Selina B. Wade, born in December, 1867, attended the State Normal School at Millersville, and had been a suc- cessful teacher in the schools of her home township for ten years, when she married Abram R. Miller. They now reside in Elkhart, Ind., where he is en- gaged in the car shops. They have one daughter, Nellie Marie. (9) Aaron Wade died in childhood. (10) Amos Milton Wade, the youngest of the fam- ily, born in March, 1874, remained at home until his father's death, when he became a clerk with Mr. Kauffman at Buck, where he was engaged for three vears. For about the same time he was em- ployed in the store of John McElhaney, at Quarry- ville, where he now is in business for himself as a 1236 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY restaurant keeper and a green grocer. In 1890 he married Miss Lillie Rohrer, a daughter of John Rohrer, of Strasburg, and has one daughter, Miriam. Amos Wade was a RepubUcan, and at dififerent times in his life filled a number of local offices. For some ten years he was a school director. In religion he and his wife were members of the Old Mennon- ite Church. His name is held in endearing mem- ory by his children and friends, as that of a good and noble man, who has entered into rest, "and his works do follow him." O. N. SOUDERS, one of the well-known and respected citizens of Lime Valley, was born in Salis- bury township, July 15, 1858, a son of Peter and Rosa (Bonholtzer) Souders, the former of whom is now a resident of Chester township. The latter passed out of life in 1872. The Souders family has been known in Lancas- ter county for several generations, the grandfather. Christian Souders, having lived and died in Salis- bury township, where he owned three large farms. His religious connection was with the Old Mennon- ite Church, in which peaceful community he was a leader. His family consisted of four sons : Henry, David, Christian and Peter; and two daughters, Barbara, who married Joseph Souders, and moved to Elkhart, Ind. ; and another daughter who mar- ried a member of the Hershey family. Peter Souders, the father of O. N. Souders, was born and reared in Salisbury township, where he became a well-known citizen and successful farmer, efficiently filled the offices of supervisor and school director, and he remained in Salisbury township until his retirement from activity in 1897, when he removed to Chester county, where he now resides. His political sympathies have always been with the Republican party. The children born to Peter and Rosa Souders were : O. N. ; Abraham, a black- smith, of Paradise township ; Sherman, a black- smith, at The Gap ; Louisa, deceased, who was the wife of Martin Miller; Lyda, deceased; and Bar- bara. Mr. Souders, the father of this family, is connected with the Presbyterian Church. O. N. Souders was reared on his father's farm and obtained his education in the public schools. At the age of nineteen, he left the farm in order to learn the blacksmith's trade, and this business he has followed until the present time, buying out the man with whom he first worked, six years be- fore, at Lime Valley. In 1900, Mr. Souders was made postmaster at Lime Valley, and conducts this office in connection with his blacksmith business. For the last few years he has been a member of the school board, and he has always taken very great interest in educational matters. Mr. Souders has also been active in the political affairs of the town- ship, and is highly regarded by the Republican partv. On Feb. 22, 1883, Mr. Souders was married to Miss Dolly Barr, a daughter of Jacob Barr, of Salis- bury township, and to this union have been bora four children : Rosa, Pearl, Orma, and Jay. As- a worthy citizen and industrious, progressive and. enterprising man, Mr. Souders has won for himself- a high position in the esteem of the community. WILLIAM W. HENSEL, contracting carpen- ter at No. 619 East Orange street, Lancaster, be- longs to one of the old and influential families of the community. The Hensels came from Germany to America,^ and their ancestors in this country served in the Continental ariny. They were of the Lutheran faith for generations, and some of the earlier Hen- sels have stones marking the location of their ashes under the steps of the Trinity Lutheran Church in, Lancaster. John Hensel, the grandfather of William W., lived for many years in the old stone dwelling on. East Orange street, near Shippen, which was razed only a few years ago to make way for modern build- ings now standing there. John Hensel's sons were : Christopher, Jacob and William Henry. Jacob, the- only one of the three brothers living, makes his home- in Philadelphia, and although engaged in the iron business for an ordinary lifetime he is now a model' maker, and is regarded as a great genius in wood' work. He is now seventy-five years old, and has just finished a miniature village, the little structures in which are so numerous that they fill a good- sized room. A hotel in this beautiful little village- is composed of several thousand pieces of wood. Once he made a fac simile of Mount Vernon, and" so remarkable was this work that it was exhibited at Lancaster, and was viewed by many thousand' people. William Henry Hensel, the father of William- W., died in February, 1894, at the age of eighty- six years. With an inherited talent for wood work he became a successful contractor and builder, and' among the notable buildings erected by him were- the well known Henderson mansion, the late Hiram ' B. Swarr's house on North Duke street, Mrs. G.. W. Arnold's house on South Main street, the late George Nauman's house on King street, the home- of Col. Eshleman on East Orange street, and many other substantial and elegant structures. In much of this work he was assisted by his son, William W. Hensel. At one time he served as the efficient superintendent of the city water works. William H. Hensel was married to Catherine Trissler, be- longing to the well known family of that name in- Lancaster county. From this union was a large- family of children, of whom eight lived to reach the age of maturity, and five of these are still liv- ing: George O., a carpenter and florist, a pioneer- m the higher cultivation of flowers in his com- munity, is now a resident of Delaware ; Peter C. was for years a letter carrier, at one time superin- tendent of the water works, and more recently san- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COU|«TTY 1237 itary officer in the employ of the Lancaster Board •of Health: Mary Salina'; Ann Eliza is the wife ■of Adam J. Auxer, whose biography may be found ■on another page, and William W. Mrs. Hensel •died in 1844, and from the union with his second wife, who was a Miss Aument, two children were born : Emma, the wife of John Bursk, of Carlisle ; and Alice A., widow of Walter A. Haldy, the cash- ier of the Lancaster County National Bank. William W. Hensel was born in the old Hensel home on East Orange street, Nov. 14, 1835, and had his education in the Lancaster public schools. At the age of thirteen, he began work at the car- penter trade with his father, with whom he re- mained until 1868, when he started in business for "Tiimself, and has followed it continuously to the present time, having laid a hardwood floor in one -of the handsome houses of Lancaster, as late as the autumn of 1900. During the war of the Rebellion Mr. Hensel did carpenter work for the Pennsyl- vania Railroad for a period of twenty-six months. 'Thirty-one years ago he built the commodious dwelling at No. 619 East Orange street, in which Tie has since resided, and he has planted and grown many noble fruit trees in the ample grounds sur- rounding this building, for he is an enthusiastic and well informed horticulturist. William W. Hensel was married in May, i860, to Miss Kate, a daughter of Peter B. Long, a well- "known tobacconist of Philadelphia, especially prom- inent in Odd Fellow circles, being the oldest mem- ber of the order at the time of his death, which oc- curred in 1890. Miss Long came to Lancaster to -make her home with her grandmother, graduated from the Girls' high school; at the age of sixteen she became a teacher there, later teaching at the noted Linden Hall at Lititz. To this union were born five children : Laura, the widow of Jacob D. Weaver ; Mary, who died in infancy ; John Atlee, who also died in infancy; Charles W., who died ■at the age of fifteen years, having lived long enough to show the inheritance of Hensel constructive abilities : and Nellie, now the assistant teacher in the Franklin street school, having special charge of department of drawing. Miss Hensel, in addition to "being a graduate of the State Normal at Millers- ville, class of 1893, was graduated from Prang's Art Classes in 1896, and has since taken special instruction from Leon Von Ossko, Lancaster's most distinp-uished artist. William W. Hensel, like his ancestors, is a Lutheran in religion, and in politics is a stanch Re- publican, though never a candidate for official sta- tion. His career has been a useful one, and the •city owes much to him and men of his class, hon- est, industrious and upright in all they do. JACOB BREINIG, a prosperous German busi- Tiess man, in middle life emigrated in December, 1870, with his wife and children from his native land to America. Locating soon after in Columbia, he became prominently identified with the manu- facturing interests of the city, adding to its in- dustries and representing in his personality a high type of citizenship. Jacob Breinig was born in Germany and in Ber- felden he married Elizabeth Wolf, who was born in that town Jan. 6, 1835, a daughter of George (3) and Margaret E. (Rebscher) Wolf. George Wolf was a cloth and woolen manufacturer in Ger- many, where he remained through life, dying in 1878 at the age of seventy-five years. His wife died in Germany in May, 1867, aged forty-nine years. Many of their nine children found homes in Amer- ica. Elizabeth, widow of Mr. Breinig, was the eld- est ; Catherine died unmarried in Germany in 1898 ; Mary is the widow of John Wolf, who died in Ger- many, and she now resides in Philadelphia; Peter died in California; George has retired from busi- ness and lives in Philadelphia ; Henry lives in Lan- caster ; Jacob died in Louisville, Ky. ; William is a carpet manufacturer of Pittsburg; and Adam. To Jacob and Elizabeth (Wolf) Breinig were born four children, three of whom died in infancy. The surviving child, Katharine Mary, married Frank A. Rieker, brewer, of Lancaster. In Germany Mr. Breinig was engaged in the cloth business ; in December, 1870, he was prompted to come to America by the success in business which relatives had attained m Philadelphia. Reaching that city, he remained only a few weeks, and in January, 1871, removed to Columbia, Pa., where he engaged extensively in the carpet weaving busi- ness. He died July 16, 1876, aged fifty-nine years, and was buried in Mt. Bethel cemetery. Himself and his family were prominent members of the Salem Lutheran Church. Mrs. Elizabeth (Wolf) Breinig, the surviv- ing wife, married for her second husband, June 21, 1877, at Columbia, Pa., William Buchholz, who was also a native of Germany, and in America, the land of his adoption, became a prominent busi- ness man. William Buchholz was born in Bavaria, Ger- many, Nov. 4, 1824, son of John W., and Anna Mary (Beckman) Buchholz. The father was en- gaged in the butcher business and died in 1841, aged forty-nine years, his wife surviving until 1856, dying at the age of sixty-three. Their three chil- dren were : William ; Mary, who married Henry Metz, a baker, and died at Philadelphia ; and Lena, who died at the age of fourteen years. William followed successfully in Germany the vocation of his father, and in November, 185 1, at the age of twenty-seven years, came to America. He settled in Lancaster, and for about eight years was em- ployed as a butcher in that city. In 1859 he mar- ried for his first wife Catherine E. Young, and then a few days later removed to Columbia, where he engaged in the butcher business for himself. He prospered to an unusual degree and in April, 1874, when at the age of forty-nine years he retired from 1238 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY active business life, he had amassed a competence and became one of the most influential citizens of the city. His success was due wholly to his own efforts. He died March 28, 1894. The widow, Mrs. Elizabeth Buchholz, now re- sides at Columbia with Mrs. Katharine Mary Rieker, her daughter by her first marriage. Both possess unusual force of character and have won the affection and deep respect of a wide circle of friends and acquaintances. GEORGE BOLSTER. To be known as a good citizen and honorable and upright man has been the ambition of many who have not been willing to earn such honor, but such is justly the reputation of George Bolster, one of the prominent business residents of Ephrata borough, for Mr. Bolster started out in life with very limited means and has honestly earned his present competency and established record. George Bolster, the well-known proprietor of a business in marble cutting and tombstones in Ephrata, was born April 9, 1831, in Bavaria, Ger- many, a son of the distinguished musician, Fred- erick Bolster, and Mary (Hartman) Bolster, both of whom were born in Germany, the former in 1796 and the latter in 1794, both of them noted for their longevity, the former pass- ing away in his ninety-first year and the latter in her eighty-ninth. Frederick Bolster was an accom- plished musician who had been employed as a music teacher in some of the royal palaces of Europe, and naturally became very well known in Reading, Pa., where he finally made his home. In 1847 the fam- ily came to America, and as soon as the musical gifts of Mr. Bolster became known he was employed as a musical director, continuing for many years as such. George Bolster, of this sketch, received his edu- cation in Germany and was thoroughly instructed in music by his talented father. In 1847 he began to learn the trade of stone-cutter, and engfaged in this business for a number of years in Reading. He was also a musical director and teacher there. Later he located in Ephrata and has successfully conducted a good business and gained the esteem of the com- munity. The marriage of George Bolster occurred in 1858, to Miss Bertha Strauss, of Pottsville, Pa., a daughter of Samuel Strauss, and a niece of the late Mr. Strauss, who served as member of Congress. Mrs. Bolster was born Feb. 14, 1834, and became the devoted mother of these children: Theresa, born in 1858 ; Frederick, born in i860 ; Lidia, born in 1864, married to John Taylor, of Ephrata; Flora, born April 18, 1863, died in 1872; Jennie, born Aug. 19, 1866, married to John Bishop; George, Jr., born Feb. 24, 1868; Clara, born March 12, 1872, married to Amos Burkholder, of Lancaster; Herman, born Dec. 31. 1873, died March 20, 1885; and Frances, born Feb. 8, 1876, who remains with her parents. Mr. Bolster is one of the old-time Democrats, a believer in the Jeffersonian principles of Democ- racy ; he is fraternally connected with the I. O. O. F. and with the German lodge of Harugari. In all his dealings with his fellow-citizens he has been hon- orable and upright and belongs to the very best type of German-Americans in Lancaster county. JAMES M. McMICHAEL, a retired farmer of East Drumore township, Lancaster county, was. born May 15, 1812, son of Jonathan and Sarah (Myers) McMichael, both of whom were born iii Bucks county. Pa., in the eighteenth century, of Scotch Irish antecedents. Jonathan McMichael and his wife settled in East Drumore township but his later years were .spent in Philadelphia in the home of his sister, where he died in 1869. His wife died at the'home of her son,. Rev. William McMichael, in 1861. They had seven children. ( i ) Peter married and settled in Reading, Pa., where he was killed on the railroad, leaving two children, Rachel and Jonathan, still residing in that city. (2) Rev. William, born in 1810, was edu- cated for the ministry, and for over fifty years was- a Methodist clergyman in Lancaster county. He filled a pulpit in Philadelphia, where he died in 1897. He never married. (3) James M. is mentioned be- low. (4) Samuel, born in 1815, spent his early life in Drumore township, married Elizabeth Brad- hurst, and located on the old homestead, where he died in 1896. His widow is still living on the home- stead. They had four children, Thomas, William,. Rachel (wife of Alexander Cummings) and Anna (who married John Munshower). (5) Mary A., born in 1818, married Rankin Johnson, of Missouri,, and is now deceased. (6) Rachel, born in 1821, married Jacob Phillips, of Philadelphia, and died, leaving two children. (7) Elizabeth, born in 1824,. married Thomas Lewis, of Philadelphia, and be- came the mother of three children, Sarah, Josephine and Cora. She is deceased. James M. McMichael received a district school education, and in his early life was superintendent of the James Hopkins furnace. In 1833 he married Miss Mary Garrett, of Dauphin county, and lived at Conestoga Center until the death of his wife in 1842. She was the mother of four children : Mary- A., born in June, 1835, deceased wife -of John Rog- ers, of Nebraska ; Sarah J., born in 1836, who mar- ried Harry Lovett, of Philadelphia, and is the mother of Edward and May ; William, born in 1838, who. married Elizabeth Dennis, lives in Lancaster and has two children, Jennie and Annetta ; Hiram, who- died in childhood. Mr. McMichael was married in 1843 to Miss- Hester Phillips, a daughter of Henry Phillips, and to this union were born eight children, (i)' Lu- anda, born in 1843, married Elisha Webster, of Lancaster, and is the mother of one son, Harry (2) John, born in 1845, married Miss Lucv John- ston, and lives in Lancaster. (3) Peter, born im BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY . 1289 1847, married Miss Anna Winters, and lives in Lan- caster, where they have a family of six children, John, Harry, Charles, Thomas, Mabel and Lucy. (4) Rachel, born in 1849, died in childhood. (5) Jacob, born in 1857, married Miss Lizzie Shenck, of Lancaster, lives on one of his father's farms and is the father of three living children, James, Myrtle and Edna. (6) James, born in 1853 in East Dru- rnore township, married Miss Alice Shaffer, and lives in Lancaster, where he is in the insurance busi- ness; they have one daughter, Elsie. (7) Thomas, born in 1855, has been sheriff of Lancaster county since 1899, on the Republican ticket. June 26, 1901, he was married to Miss MargarA Killinger, of Lan- caster, where they have their home. (8) Harry, born in 1858, received his education in the State Normal at Millersville, and for many years was a teacher in Lancaster county. In i88r he was made principal of the schools of Wichita, Kans. In 1890 he removed to Indianapolis for the purpose of studying law, and three years later was admitted to the Bar. At the present time he is engaged in the practice of his profession in that city. He is un- married. Mrs. McMichael died in i860, and the same year Mr. McMichael was married to his third wife, Anna, the daughter of James and Martha (Curswell) Steele. Mrs. McMichael was born in 1835 in Lancaster county and died in 1897, leaving five children, (i) Emma, born in 1861, studied at the State Normal at Millersville and for a number of years taught school in Lancaster county. She married Ambrose Singleton, a grocer of Philadel- phia. Their six children are Harry, Ella, Roy, Ruth, Pauline aiid Edgar. (2) Jennie, born in 1863, received her education in the home schools, and devoted her life to her aged parents. She has had charge of the home since the death of her mother and tenderly cares for her aged father. (3) Geary, born in 1866, managed his father's farm for several years,^and has married Miss Margaret Coff- man, of Lancaster. They have their home in West . Drumore township, where he is engaged as a stock dealer. They have four daughters, Florence, Mary, Nellie and Catherine. (4) George, born in 1869, married Miss Daisy Rogers, of Louisville, Ky., and is a resident of McKeesport, Pa., where he is a painter. (5) Frank, born in 1873, married Miss Laura Suter, of Quarry ville, and resides in Lan- caster, where he is a trolley-car conductor. They have one son, James. Mr. McMichael bought a farm in East Drumore township in 1869, and for some years owned the fatheir's homestead. He has proved himself an act- ive and progressive farmer. In 1888 he gave over his farm to his son, Jacob, and erected his present house on the west end of the farm on the road lead- ing to Quarryville, where he has since led a retired life. Mr. McMichael has always been a Republican, and belongs to the Methodist Church. There his family has always been prominent. He was one of the founders and builders of the Mt. Hope Method- ist Church, where he has been class leader and Sunday-school superintendent and also held other offices for many yedrs. The McMichael family have had an honorable history. The grandfather of the present representa- tive of the family, of whom this is written, was a Revolutionary soldier. The father of Mr. Mc- Michael fought in the war of 1812. The family has always been identified with the county affairs. Mr. McMichael is over ninety years old, and keeps his mental faculties clear to a remarkable degree. His general health is good, though his power of speech has been somewhat lessened by a recent stroke of paralysis. His disposition is genial and sunshiny and he is always looking on the bright side. For many years he has been known as a professional peace maker and some very knotty controversies have been settled by him. Modest and retiring, he has cared little for popularity but has lived a beautiful life, in close accord with the Golden Rule. JOSEPH M. BENNETT, a retired mechanic, was born in Columbia, Pa., March 18, 1824, and is still a resident of his native borough. His parents were Abel and Elizabeth (Markley) Bennett, na- tives respectively of Fairfax, Va., and Strasburg township, Lancaster county. Pa., both of whom came to Columbia at an early day. Abel Bennett was an old stage driver between Columbia and Bainbridge, and died in 1840, at the age of forty years; his widow died July 26, i860, aged seventy-three ; both were members of the Lu- theran Church. Their children were nine in num- ber, viz. : Christian, who died of lockjaw ; James, who was killed in 1870 on the Pennsylvania rail- road ; John, deceased, a locomotive engineer ; Jo- seph M. : Susan, wife of William Moore, of Phila- delphia; Thomas, killed at the battle of Antietam; Mary, married to William Burr, of Philadelphia; Samuel, a retired engineer of the same city ; and Margaret, who died in infancy. Sir John Bennett, the paternal great-grandfather of Joseph M. Bennett, was heir to a large estate in his native England, but as he came to America with the Marquis de LaFayette to assist in the war for the release of the American colonies from the yoke of Britain, his estates were confiscated to the crown. After the declaration of peace he settled near Fair- fax Court House, Va., there married, and became a prominent agriculturist and citizen. John Bennett, Jr., came from Virginia to Lancaster county. Pa., in 1805, was the founder of the Bennett family in Columbia, and was the grandfather of Joseph M. Bennett. The maternal grandfather of Joseph M. Bennett was a native of England, named Joseph Markley, who was apprenticed, after his arrival in America, to a doctor in Lampeter township. Lancaster county, Pa. ; after filling out the time necessary to reimburse 1240 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the doctor for the cash paid for passage money, he went to work on his own account and became a prosperous farmer. Joseph M. Bennett, at the age of twelve years, began working on the river as a passer of shingles from rafts, and this he followed until sixteen years old, when he began the trade of machinist, at which he served on the old State road until 1845 ; on the purchase of this road by the Pennsylvania road in 1857 he served the latter until January, 1899, when he was laid off on the pension list. Mr. Bennett has been twice married, first, March II, 1847, to Louisa J. Clepper, who was born in Columbia, Pa., Dec. 28, 1827, and was a daughter of Michael Clepper, of York county, who married a Miss Herr. Mr. Clepper was a bridge contractor by calling, and early settled in Columbia. To this first marriage of Mr. Bennett were born four chil- dren, namely : Charles E., a machinist of Hum- melstown. Pa. ; Francis A., a merchant in Columbia ; James A., deceased; and Louisa J., who died in infancy. The second marriage of Mr. Bennett took place in Lancaster, June 14, 1855, to Miss Frances N. Bartholomew, and to this union have been born two children, viz. : Henry A., a Pennsylvania Railroad engineer, residing on his own property ; and George T., a machinist, at home, but married to Mary E. Groom, daughter of Arthur and Mary (McGlough- lin) Groom, of Lancaster. Mrs. Frances N. (Bartholomew) Bennett was born in Lampeter township, Lancaster county, Nov. 2, 1833, and is a daughter of Henry and Elizabeth (Mowery) Bartholomew, of Strasburg township. Henry Bartholomew was a stone mason by trade, and died Nov. 20, 1865, at the age of seventy-three years ; his wife reached the age of eighty, and died Nov. 20, 1873. The remains of both lie interred in the Mennonite cemetery at Strasburg. They were the parents of ten children, viz. : Mary, deceased wife of John Herr; Catherine, married to Jacob Pebble, of Lancaster ; John, deceased ; Addison, a miller in Rushville, Ind. ; George, deceased ; Susan, deceased wife of John Hebble ; Samuel, deceased ; Elizabeth, wife of Benjamin Price, of Tippecanoe City, Ohio ; Barbara, who died young ; and Frances N. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Bennett were John and Rachel (Zimmerman) Bartholomew, natives of Lancaster county. Pa.-, who removed to Ohio in 1838, where the grandfather engaged in agricultural pursuits. Mrs. Bennett's maternal grandparents were George and Susan (Shaffer) Mowery, the former of whom came to Lancaster with his parents when there were but. three houses in that now thriving city. James M. Bennett has always been public-spir- ited as well as patriotic. In February, 1864, at Lan- caster, he enlisted in Co. D, i9Sth P. V. I., under Capt. Christ Hebble, and was honorably discharged in Philadelphia in February, 1865. He had no op- portunity to participate in any iDattle, but for six months of his term was on guard duty in Wash- ington, D. C. He is a member of the Improved Or- der of Red Men, and with his wife, an unusually bright, well-versed and active lady, is a member of St. John's Lutheran Church. The family reside in the comfortable dwelling erected by Mr. Bennett in 185 1, where they enjoy the frequent visits of in- numerable friends, although Mr. Bennett is suffer- ing from a paralytic stroke sustained shortly after having been placed on the railroad pension list in 1899. JOHN S. LEFEVRE, a retired farmer of East Drumore township, Lancaster county, was born Feb. 14, 1827, and is a son of Tanner D. and Mat- tie (Shenck) Lefevre. Tanner D. Lefevre was born in East Drumore township in 1804, and his wife in 1809. They were married in 1826, and settled on a farm in East Dru- more township. He was a tanner by trade, and he followed this occupation in connection with agri- culture. For some years he lived retired in Chester county, where he died in 1889. His widow passed away in 1897. They left a family of twelve children, and lost two. (i) John S. (2) Phillip A., born in 1829, married Fannie Groff, of Conestoga Center; she died on their farm in East Drumore township, leaving a family. (3) Daniel F., born in 1831, mar- ried Miss Sarah Hess, of Eden township, and lived on a farm in East Drumore township. He is now jiving in Lancaster and is the father of nine children. (4) Catherine, born in 1834, married John M. Herr, a miller in New Providence. His wife died in 1877, leaving six children. (5) Hettie, born in 1836, mar- ried Frank Whitmer, of Chatham, Chester county, and is deceased. He died in 1896, leaving a family of seven children. (6) Mattie, born in 1838, mar- ried Henry Groff, who was killed m a runaway in 1891, leaving a widow and three children, Clayton, Thaddeus and Edna. (7) Julia, born in 1840, mar- ried Henry Hyde, in Chatham, and has three chil- dren, Edward, William and Retta. (8) Maggie, born in 1842, married George Kendig, deceased, and lives in Chicago with her six children. (9) Anna, born in 1845, rnarried Benjamin Jones, of Illinois, and is the mother of two children. (10) Mary, born in 1849, married Jacob Bearier, and lives at Sterling, 111., where they have a family of three chil- dren. (11) Hiram L., born in 1848, served as a soldier in Co. F, 21st Pa. Vol. Cav., during the Civil war, being at one time under the command of Gen. Sheridan. Christiana Burkholder, his wife, is the mother of six children. They reside on a farm in Chester county near Philadelphia. (12) Letitia, born in 1850, married Caleb Spickman, and resides in Chatham, Chester county. (13) SaUie, born in 1852, married William Powell, and lives in Chat- ham. They have one son. (14) The youngest daughter, born in 1855, married William Franks. They live in Chatham, and have one son, Walter. John S. Lefevre was reared and educated at BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1241 Jiome, and in 1850 was married to Anna, a daughter of John and Fannie (Longenecker) Groff. Mrs. Lefevre was born in Strasburg township in 1829, -and settled in Providence township with her hus- band. He was engaged in farming and lime-burn- mg until the breaking out of the Civil war, when he enlisted in the ist Pa. Reserves at the first call -in the spring of 1861. He re-enlisted in the "Con- solidated Bucktails," the 190th Pa. Reserves. This regiment was noted for its fighting qualities, and is Tcnown the world over for its bravery and extreme gallantry. Among other important conflicts he was -engaged in the following: The seven days' battle before Richmond in June, 1862; Bull Run; South Mountain; Antietam; Fredericksburg, under Gen. McClellan ; two days at Gettysburg ; at Weavington, on the Potomac ; Rappahannock Station ; White Oak Swamps, on the Chickahominy river; the second Tiattle of Fredericksburg, under Gen. Burnside ; and the battles of the Wilderness, where Mr. Lefevre was seriously wounded, both legs being broken by a shell. He was taken to Belle Plain hospital, later being removed to the hospital at Washington, and -still later to New -York and at Philadelphia, where he was under treatment until 1866. He was dis- charged at Harrisburg in 1867, with a record in which his wife and two children in Lancaster coun- ty might well take pride. Coming home he followed farming when he was able to do manual labor. Mrs. Lefevre died in Providence in 1873, leav- ing a son, Elmer, and the daughter, Anna. Elmer, -who was born in 1855, moved to Hardin county, Iowa, in 1863, where he engaged in farming. His wife, Ella Broyls, was a resident of Sterling, 111., ^nd is the mother of three children. Ruby, Dora and Ralph. Anna was born in 1858, married Andrew Snader and is living in Lancaster, where her hus- "band is a tobacconist. They have five children, Elmer L., Edna, John, Catherine and Mary. Mr. Lefevre is a Republican, and belongs to the Bireley Post, G. A. R., No. 511, at Quarryville. He is one of the old veterans, and loves the memories and companions of the tented field and the battle- field. He is a most interesting conversationalist, and has a rich store of memories of that great struggle. He attends the M. E. Church. ELDER THOMAS R. HIRST, now a retired -carriage manufacturer at Christiana, Pa., was born in Leeds, Yorkshire, England, April 6, 1833, ^'^fl 's a son of John and Edna (Robinson) Hirst, English Ijorn and reared. They spent their lives in their na- tive land, where in due season they passed to their reward in the Land Unseen. The father was a -wheelwright, and died in 1852, at the age of forty- nine years. His widow survived his loss many years and died in. 1890, at the age of ninety years. They had the following family: Benjamin, who died in England; Frederick, a marble worker in Yorkshire; Englana ; Elizabeth, who is married and has her home in 'Yorkshire: a fourth child, deceased; Thomas R. ; Jabez, who died in England ; Priscilla, who married and lives in England. The father of John Hirst was a cloth manufacturer. Thomas R. Hirst was married in Lancaster, Pa., in 1861, to Sarah A. Lingerfield, by whom he had the following children : Frank, a carriage trimmer, living in Christiana, who married Eva Withero, by whom he has had one child; Harry E., a carriage- body maker, married to Margaret Rushworth, by whom he has had two children ; Mary E., who mar- ried William E. Walker, a farmer in Sadsbury town- ship, and is the mother of one child ; Thomas I., who married a Miss Bucher, has one child, and is a ma- chinist in Christiana; a child who died in infancy; Zelva M., unmarried and at home; John, who died in infancy. Mrs. Sarah A. (Lingerfield) Hirst was born in Paradise township, Lancaster county, in 1837, and is a daughter of John and Catherine Lingerfield, her father having been in his active years a miller in Paradise township. Thomas R. Flirst remained in England until he was twenty years old. When he was eleven he en- tered a machine shop, and led a laborious and hard- working life during his later youth. Coming to America in his early manhood, he found a home in Cecil county, Md., where he worked at the carriage business four years. In 1857 he came to Lancaster county, and for three years worked at his trade with James Winger in Paradise township, and then started a shop for himself in company with H. Parvin, a partnership that was soon broken by the enlistment of Mr. Hirst in Co. G, 21st Pa. Vol. Cav. in July, 1863, under Capt. William Philips. The company was recruited for six months, but after serving two months over time, reorganized and enlisted for three years. Mr. Hirst had his shoulder wrenched by a horse falling on him and was honorably discharged in the spring of 1864. Mr. Hirst went to Lancaster after his recupera- tion to take a place in a carriage shop in that city. Samuel Cox, his employer, was building a hundred wagons for the government, and after the completion of that contract Mr. Hirst entered the Lancaster locomotive works for a stay of some few months. His next engagement was at Christiana with Enos Frame, a carriage maker, with whom he remained a year and a half. At the end of that time Mr. Hirst and Cyrus Lingerfield purchased a carriage shop, which they operated very successfully as long as Mr. Hirst feit it wise to continue in active business. During his active years, Mr. Hirst held the posi- tion of road supervisor several years, and was town assessor three years. He is an honorary member of the I. O. O. F., having united with that order in Eng- land. M r. Flirst is a charter member of the John A. Ross Post, No. 35S, G. A. R., and is an elder and a trustee in th.e Presbyterian Church. His politics put him in accord with the Republican party, and he has been a member of the borough council for two years, and is president of the fire department. In the 1242 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY rebuilding of the new firehouse, for the purpose of keeping the fire company together, he took an active part, and on many occasions has proved himself a public-spirited citizen, being regarded as one of the benefactors of the town. WINFIELD SCOTT, a general farmer of Sadsbury township, who is also engaged in the butch- ering business, was born in Chester county, near Marshallton, Oct. lo, 1857. His parents were El- wood and Hannah (Keach) Scott, both of whom were natives of Chester county, where the former was a butcher for a number of years, but who now li\es in retirement in Philadelphia, at the age of six- ty-eight years. The mother died in 1865. The grandfather of Winfield Scott was Amos Scott, a farmer of Marshallton, who married a Miss Reed. The children born to Elwood and Hannah Scott were ; Amos, who is a butcher, living in Philadel- phia ; Sally, who married and lives in St. Davis, Pa. ; Anna, who married Milton Young, a contractor and builder of Overbrook, Pa. ; Amanda, who married Harry Morgan, and died in 1900; Hannah, who married Charles Valett, and lives in Philadelphia; and Winfield. Winfield Scott remained with his parents, went to school and became interested in agricultural pur- suits, until two years prior to his marriage, coming then to Lancaster county, and entering into the em- ploy of his uncle, Nelson Scott, remaining with him for two years engaged in farm work. After his marriage, he located on his present farm and has since remained there, carrying on farming opera- tions, and also assisting his father in his butchering business. Mr. Scott buys suitable cattle, attends to the slaughtering and sells the meat by wagon, in that vicinity, having built up a fine and increasing trade, on account of the excellence of the commodity. Mr. Scott was married June 12, 1884, in Lan- caster, Pa., to Mary E. Shaw, and the children born to this marriage are: Nettie M., James, Catherine and Winfield, all bright and unusually attractive children, who are receiving the best educational op- portunities. Mrs. Scott was born on the present farm, April 27, 1857, a daughter of James and Ellen (Dunningham) Shaw, natives of County Monahan and Belfast, County Antrim, Ireland, respectively, although they were married in Westchester, Pa., Mr. Shaw having come to Lancaster county in 1824, set- tling at that time on the farm. In 1857 Mr. Shaw rented the farm and moved to Chester county, tak- ing charge then of the old "Gen. Washington Hotel," operating this famous hostelry until his death in 1859, at the- age of sixty-one years. After the fa- ther's death, the mother returned to the old farm where she lived in comfort until 1880, dying at the age of fifty-eight years. Mr. Shaw was a much re- spected citizen, and for many years was an elder in the Bellevue Presbyterian Church. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Shaw were: James, deceased , Catherine, who died young ; and Mary E., the wife of Mr. Scott. The first marriage of Mr. Shaw was to Martha Hirst, the three chil- dren of that marriage dying in infancy. The grand- parents of Mrs. Scott' were William and Mary (Hirst) Shaw, of County Monahan, Ireland, and Richard and Margaret (Steward) Dunningham, of Scotland, who came to America in 1849, and settled' in Chester county. Pa., on the Horse Shoe Pike road. In politics, Mr. Scott has always been an active- Republican." His early rearing was under Quaker influences, and he has never connected himself with any other religious body. Mr. Scott is well knowre and universally respected. JOSIAH WALKER, late a retired farmer of Colerain township, Lancaster county, was born in Leacock township, Jan. 16, 1828, a son of Joseph and" Elizabeth (Buckwalter) Walker, both natives of Lancaster county. Joseph Walker was born in Colerain township in- 1797, and his wife in Leacock township, four miles- east of Lancaster city, in 1801. Joseph Walker was a son of Isaac and Hester (Collins) Walker, both of whom were born in Lancaster county, where they made their home on a part of the farm lately owned by Josiah Walker. Isaac Walker was the son of Nathaniel Walker, who came from the North of Ire- land, settling on the Walker property long before the Revolutionary War. The title deeds to this property came from William Penn. When he died he left two sons, Isaac and Andrew, who settled on this land. Andrew died without children. Isaac mar- ried Hester Collins, and both died on this farm, leaving four children : Andrew, James, Joseph and Mary (who married Joseph McCord, and settled ort a part of the Walker property, where they died leav- ing four children, two of whom are still living, one in the West, and one in the South). Andrew Walker married a Miss Crawford, and moved ta Ohio, where he reared a family of four children,, three of whom, Samuel, Mary and Eliza, are livings in Ohio. James died when a young man. Joseph Walker settled in Colerain, on a part of the Walker homestead, where he lived some years. For thirteen years he was a farmer in Leacock town- ship. At the end of that time he came back to the old Walker homestead, which became his property after the death of his father, and here he remained until his death in 1855. The widow remained on the old home with her son, whose name appears at the opening of this article, until her death in 1891. Dur- ing the life time of Joseph Walker he made many substantial improvements on this place, and left it a thoroughly modern and up-to-date farm. He and his wife belonged to the Presbyterian Church. In^ politics he defined himself as a Jacksonian Demo- crat. They were the parents of four sons and two- daughters: (i) David, born in July, 1820, married Prudence Morrison, of Colerain township, a daugh- ter of Alexander Morrison, and located in Colerain- township, as a farmer. There he died in 1852, leav- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1248 ing no family. (2) Isaac, born in June, 1824, mar- ried Mattie Martin, of Colerain township, and made his home in Strasburg borough, where he followed the dental profession. They have a family of three children : Edward, Ida (who married the late Prof. Roop, and lives in Indianapolis) and Clara (who married Rev. Mr. Roop, of this State). (3) Josiah Walker is mentioned below. (4) John, born in July, 1832, married Lucy Greenleaf, of Colerain township, where he made his home, dying in June, 1899, sur- vived by his widow. (5) Fanny Walker, born in October, 1835, is unmarried, and kept house for her brother, Josiah. (6) Mary E., born in September, 1839, died unmarried in 1898. Josiah Walker had his education in the schools of Leacock and Colerain townships, and always re- mained at the Walker homestead. There he owned 150 acres of the old grant, made extensive improve- ments, and developed a fine country home. In reli- gion he was a stanch Presbyterian, in which faith he died. Politically he was a Democrat, and a man of character and standing in the community. JACOB A. MINICH. This enterprising and prominent citizen of Columbia is the descendant of one of the earliest settlers of Lancaster county. He was born at Landisville, in February, 1844, and has spent his entire life within the borders of the county, contributing quite materially to its development and growth. His parents, Henry and Catherine (Albright) Minich, were both natives of the county. The grandfather was Jacob Minich, an early resident of Landisville, where he engaged in farming and also operated a distillery. He was the father of seventeen children. John Minich, the great-grand- father, was a native of Germany, who early in the eighteenth century emigrated to America and settled at Landisville. Henry Minich, the father of Jacob A., was born in 1817. He was reared to the hard toil of those days, and early in life engaged in the butcher busi- ness, which he continued through life. In- 1846 he moved to Columbia, where he remained until his death in May, 1895, at the age of seventy-eight years. Prominent in the political and social affairs of the town, he served for several terms as a mem- ber of the town council. His widow, a member of the Moravian Church, survives and is now a resident of Columbia. To Henry and Catherine Minich were born six sons, namely : Jacob A. ; T. Jeffer- son, who lives retired at Chicago; Charles W., a butcher at Columbia: Jerome, editor of the Kent Bulletin of Kent, Ohio; Benjamin F., a veterinary surgeon of Columbia; and Harry J., a grocer of Florida. Jacob A. Minich was brought to Columbia in 1846 when two years of age. He received a fair schooling and at the age of sixteen years assisted his father in the latter's cattle and meat business. This vocation he has followed ever since and he has become one of the most prominent citizens of Co- lumbia. He has always been foremost in advancing^ the interests of the borough and it was largely due to his efforts that the Keeley Stove Works were secured for the city. Since the organization of the Central National Bank of Columbia he has been one of its directors. In June, 1891, at Columbia, Mr. Minich married Harriet Jackson, who was born in Brantford, On- tario, daughter of William and Maria (Broomfield) Jackson. Her father is a native, of England, wha immigrated to Canada. He is a wheelwright by trade and now lives a retired life at Brantford, Ontario. In politics Jacob A. Minich is a Republican. He is a man of unusual business energy and is a typ- ical representative of those leading citizens to whom a thriving community owes a large debt of gratitude for its advancement. RALPH A. BARTON. Among the young men who have by their energy, determination and genuine manliness early attained to high position,- is Ralph A. Barton, manager for the Postal Tele- graph Co.'s interests in Lancaster. He was born Sept. 7, 1879, son of Isaac and Sarah M. (Pegan) Barton. Isaac Barton was born June 25, 1851. He be- came a carpenter and bridge builder with the Penn- sylvania Railway Co., and was later promoted to- be master carpenter of the Philadelphia & Norfolk Division. At the end, liowever, of but six months he was stricken with paralysis, and compelled to re- sign in 1885. On Dec. 23, 1875, Isaac Barton was- married to Sarah M. Pegan, daughter of Alexander L. and Ruth A. Pegan. He died May 8, 1900. Two- sons, Ralph A. and Elmer I., survive. Ralph A. Barton received his education in the public schools, continuing to attend until he com- pleted the third class in the high school. On July 17,. 1893, he entered the messenger service of the Pos- tal Telegraph Co., and employed his leisure moments- in the study of telegraphy. His devotion to his work and his trustworthiness won recognition, and" on May 20, 1897, he was promoted to be night operator. One year later he resigned to become- first operator for the Western Union Telegraph Co.,. where he gave great satisfaction to both the com- pany and the public. His ability was well known,, and his work with his former employers was not forgotten. On Nov. 15, 1901, he resigned his posi- tion with the Western Union Telegraph Co., to- become manager of the Postal Telegraph Co.'s in- terests in Lancaster — a most responsible office for a young man of twenty-two years, as Lancaster is- considered the banner office of the eastern district,, whose headquarters are at Philadelphia. Mr. Bar-^ ton is very popular in the community where his" life has been passed, and his upright dealings and temperate habits have won him the respect "of the best class of citizens. Besides his work with the telegraph company,, he was, on Jan. .21, 1903, elected secretary and 'a 1244 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY member of the board of directors of the A. F. Haw- thorn Roof Paint Co., which is capitaHzed at $250,- 000. Socially Mr. Barton belongs to the Royal Arcanum and to the Red Men. CHARLES W. MINICH, a well-known butcher, was born in Columbia, Oct. 21, 1847, ^^'^ there he still makes his home. His parents were Henry G. and Anna C. (Albright) Minich. In September, 1874, he married Miss Anna V. Clark, and to this union have been born ten children, viz : Ella, Cora, T. Jefferson, Charles G., Blanche and Bessie, all at home; Nettie and Harry, twins, both deceased; and Loretta and Grace, also at home. Mrs. Anna V. (Clark) Minich was born in "West Hempfield, Lancaster Co., Pa., Feb. 26, 1850, a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Zahn) Clark, natives of Cecil county, Md., and Lancaster county. Pa., respectively. John Clark was a wagon- maker by trade and died in Maryland, July 27, 1895, aged seventy-five years; his wife had passed away in Lancaster county. Pa., Aug. 4, 1879, at the age of fifty-nine. To Mr. and Mrs. Clark were torn the following children: Susan, deceased wife of Joseph Batty; Philip, a wheelwright in Colum- "bia ; John H., a blacksmith at Uhrichsville, Ohio ; Daniel Z., who died in 1865, in the war of the IRebellion ; Anna V. ; James B., a machinist of Read- ing, Pa.; Matilda C, who died of cholera in 1854; Luke, who was killed on a railroad in Indiana, where he was employed as efigineer ; Edith C, mar- ried to Samuel Thompson, a railroad engineer at Lancaster, Pa. ; George W., a boilermaker in Har- risburg ; • Mary C, a trained nurse in Lancaster ; Andrew J., a butcher in West Hempfield, Pa. A singular coincidence may be alluded to, the fact that Luke was killed the same day on which his father died. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Anna V. (Clark) Minich, Philip and Susan (Shriber) Clark, were natives of Maryland, but early settled in Columbia, Pa. ; her maternal grandparents were Daniel and Elizabeth (Bratt) Zahn, the former of whom was a hatter by trade, but in later years was the proprietor of a hotel, and also a sale crier. Both •died in Columbia. Charles W. Minich is a Master Mason, a mem- ber of the Heptasophs and the Artisans. In poli- tics he is a Republican and for three years was a member of the town council. HENRY K. KURTZ. Among the well known retired farmers of Ephrata township, who by the application of industry and energy through his active 3'ears accumulated means and propertv which •enable him to spend his declining years in peace and comfort, is Henry K. Kurtz, a worthy repre- sentative of a larsre familv of Lancaster county. Henry K. Kurtz was born Oct. 14. 1826, grand- son of Jacob Kurtz and son of Henry Kurtz, both •of whom were of Dutch origin, farmers by occu- pation and members of the Mennonite Church. Reared on the farm, Henry K. early became ac- quainted with its practical workings, and when he had finished his educational course in the common schools, he settled down to agricultural pursuits, becoming a successful farmer and stock raiser. The farm is located very advantageously, two miles west of Ephrata, and one mile from Lincoln, Pa., thus enabling the family to enjoy the comforts of both town and country life. In 1850, Henry K. Kurtz married Miss Annie Hoover, of Ephrata, and to this union three sons were born, Henry B., Benjamin and Addison. The second marriage of Mr. Kurtz occurred in 1870, and three children were born of this union : Alice, who married Horace Brown, of Lancaster county; Amanda, who married Louis Eberley, of Clay town- ship ; and Aaron, born Aug. 20, 1880, who remains on the farm with his father. Henry K. Kurtz was one of five children born to his parents, all of whom settled in Lancaster county ; the names of the others are as follows : Annie, who married Samuel Keller, of Ephrata township ; Magdalena, deceased ; Lydia, who mar- ried David Zeagler, of Warwick township ; and Elizabeth, who married Levi Zendt, of Ephrata. In the autumn of life, Mr. Kurtz has the satis- faction of knowing that he possesses the esteem of friends and acquaintances, and is regarded as an excellent citizen. He is a Republican in political faith, and for many years has been one of the lead- ing members of the Mennonite Church. NICHOLAS S. SIEGLER (deceased), who was in his life time very prominently identified with the farming and commercial interests of East Dru- more township, Lancaster county, was born in Ger- many, March 28, 1843, and was the son of Nicholas and Catherine Siegler, both born in Germany. The father came to this country in 1845, ^^'^ settled on a farm near Millersville, Lancaster county, where Nicholas S. was reared. On this farm his mother died in i860, and then the father took his family to Lancaster, where he died the same year, leaving two sons, Nicholas and Gotleib. The latter, who married Lizzie Ager, lived in Millersville, and had a family of seven children, John, Mary, Lizzie, Will- iam, Anna, Charles and Barbara. Nicholas S. Siegler remained under the parental roof until jiis marriage to Miss Helen Pauline Fitz, born in Germany, Dec. 13, 1840, a daugh- ter of Frederick A. and Anna M. (Myers) Fitz, both of whom were born in Germany. Her par- ents came to this county in 1843, settling at Mil- lersville, where her father spent his remaining act- ive years in carpet weaving, his trade in Germany. His death occurred in Millersville in Tanuarv, i88q ; his widow passed to her reward in 1894. Of their family of eleven children, four lived to maturity, the others dyine voung. They are as follows: (i) Ferdinand F. Fitz, born in Germany in 1835, mar- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1245 ried in Lancaster Miss Catherine Humer, and died in 1883, leaving a widow and four children, John, Mary (deceased), Harry and Katie, residents of Lancaster City. (2) Mary, born in Germany in 1843, married Frederick Marquart, resides at Mil- lersville, and is the mother of two sons, William and Charles. (3) Barbara is married, and lives in Lebanon, Pennsylvania. Mr. and Mrs. Nicholas S. Siegler lived on a rented farm in Lampeter township until 1888. That year Mr. Siegler bought the John Hoffman farm, in the vicinity of Mechanics Grove,. and has very mate- rially improved the property, remodeling the resi- dence, adding to the barns and making other marked improvements. One of the thrifty and successful farmers of the township, he died- at this home in August, 1899. In the Reformed Church at Quarry- ville he served as a trustee, and was for many years a member. He was known among the people of his community as a thorough- Christian man, of kind heart and generous disposition. He left a widow and four children, (i) Kate, his oldest daughter, was born in July, 1867, and in 1891 she married Josiah B. Fisher. They live in New Prov- idence on his farm, where they have a son and a daughter, Harry and Letitia. (2) Adam M., bom in October, 1869, married Miss Mary L. Shaup, a daughter of Henry Shaup, of Drumore township, and is living in East Drumore township, on a farm, where they have one son, Norman E. (3) Anna M., born in Lampeter township, in April, 1873, married Enos F. Nissler, a resident of Mechanics Grove, where he follows the blacksmith trade. They have two children, Florence L. and Raymond. (4) Milton, born in September, 1878, has charge of his mother's estate, and is a young man of marked gentlemanly habits and bearing, with upright quali- ties and good principles. Mr. and Mrs. Siegler have held membership in the Quarryville Reformed Church. Mrs. Siegler is a most excellent character. She has many friends in the community where her womanly career has passed. GEORGE W. HAWTHORN, who is engaged in the undertaking and cabinet making business at Bainbridge, Lancaster county, has built up an ex- tensive trade in fine furniture, and is regarded as one of the solid and substantial citizens of the com- munity. He was born in that town, in June, 1842, a son of James and Margaret (Esworthley) Haw- thorn. James Hawthorn was born in Donegal, and for fifty-five years was engaged as an undertaker and cabinet maker. For twelve years he served as school director, and he died in Bainbridge, June 27, 1898, at the age of eighty-four _ years. The mother, who was a native of Bainbridge, died in 1886, at the age of sixty-seven years. They were both members of the Methodist Church. Their children were: Calvin, who died young; Eliza- beth, wife of Franklin Feltenberger, of Bainbridge; George W. ; Serena, widow of David Brubaker,. of Bainbridge; Robert, a painter; Alfred, deceased; Malinda, wife of Harry Albright, a dispatcher at Harrisburg; Horace, a painter in Philadelphia;. Austin, a cabinet maker, in business with his broth- er in Bainbridge; Flora, the. wife of Edward Eyer,. a railroad conductor, whose home is in Harris- burg; Alice, wife of Alonzo Stanfield, a machinist at Middletown ; and Sherman T., of Bainbridge,. Pennsylvania. The paternal grandparents of George W. Haw- thorn were George and Mary (Black) Hawthorn. The grandfather was born in Donegal, Ireland, and was among the first settlers in Donegal township, making his home near the Donegal Springs in 1799.. He died near Columbia, and was buried in the Don- egal Presbyterian Church cemetery. Nathaniel Es- worthley, the maternal grandfather of George W. Hawthorn, lived in Lancaster county, and died in Bainbridge, where he carried on a shad fishery. On Feb. 22, 1866, in Lancaster, George W. Hawthorn was married to Margaret Pence. They have become the parents of one son, Harry, who is now living in Harrisburg, and has been twice married, first to Ida Adams, by whom he has a daughter, • Jennie, and second to Clara Hake, who. has also borne him one daughter. Myrtle L. ' Mrs. Margaret (Pence) Hawthorn was born ia York county, in 1840, and is a daughter of Henry and Christianna (Dorn) Pence. Henry Pence was bom in York county, in November, 1816, and moved to Bainbridge in 1856, where he followed farming- and cabinet making for many years. In 1898 he re- tired from business, and is now making his home with his daughter, Mrs. Hawthorn. Notwithstand- ing his very advanced age he is a hale and hearty oli gentleman. Mrs. Christianna Pence died in 1890,. at the age of seventy- two years, and was buried in Bainbridge. She was a member of the Lutheran Church, as is her husband. They were parents of the following family : Angeline, wife of John Sny- der, a farmer of Clearfield ; William, of Harris- burg; Chapman, of Bainbridge; Margaret, who is Mrs. Hawthorn; Jane, who married John Finley, lives at Bainbridge : and Arvilla, the wife of Samuel Sloat, a plasterer of Maytown. George W. Hawthorn remained with his par- ents as long as they lived, and in 1889 purchased the shop in which his father had worked so many years, and he has continued it in the same care- ful and business-like way. In 1895 he attended the Oriental School of Embalming, and two years later graduated from the Clark School of Embalming in Harrisburg, thoroughly preparing himself for his business. Mr. Hawthorn is a member of the two noted societies, the I. O. O. F. and the G. A. R., and is a man of considerable prominence in his home com- munity, having served as tax collector four years. In his politics he is a Republican. Mr. Hawthorn has memories of that exciting period of the Civil 1246 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY war, when the RebelHon was being crushed before the resistless advance of the hosts of the Union, and the "boys in blue" were uplifted by the feeling that victory was not far away. In August, 1864, he enlisted in Co. E, 28th P. V. I., under Capt. Robinson, and was discharged May 23, 1865, the most of his service being devoted to patrol duty. In Bainbridge Mr. Hawthorn is justly esteemed one of the leading citizens of this part of the coun- ty, and is very widely respected for his many good qualities and unaffected manliness. JOHN FEAGLEY. To the casual observer old iron, bones, rags and similar commodities represent in their handling a slow and laborious method of livelihood, but to the shrewd financier and discern- ing business man there are large possibilities in these apparently worthless emblems of past usefulness. John Feagley, one of the prominent business men of Lancaster, has found in this line of activity large and constantly increasing returns, and while thus engaged since 1870 has established a reputation for substantial worth in the community. A native son of Pennsylvania, John Feagley was born in Berks county, Feb. 28, 1832, a son of Nicholas and Mary (Bupp) Feagley, the former of whom died in 1846, at the age of thirty-five, and the latter in 1897, at the age of ninety- four. The father was a blacksmith, and followed that trade during his entire business life after coming to Lancaster county in 1833. With his wife, he was a member of Zion Lutheran Church. To this couple were born the following children: Ellen, deceased in infancy; Henry, deceased; John; Sarah, the wife of Joseph Cogley, a printer of Lancaster; and Louise, the wife of Jacob Norbeck, a coach painter of Lancaster. At the age of sixteen years, John Feagley en- tered a shop in Lancaster and learned the comb makers' trade, but at the end of five years he engaged in the produce business, of which he made a dis- tinct success. During the seven years in the pro- duce trade he operated two cars between Lancaster and Philadelphia, and at the end of that time sold out his enterprise at a large profit. He was then foreman of a crew of men employed to remove the telegraph poles four feet from , the railroad track, a task requiring twenty-seven months for completion. His present business was entered upon in 1870, and it is doubtful if any man in the county has a more complete knowledge of the various uses to which scrap iron, bones and rags, may be put. In the same year, 1870, Mr. Feagley bought a tract of land in the northern part of the city of Lancaster, now known as Feagleysville, where he has built about thirtv houses. This property, now become quite valuable, he still owns. In 1856, in Lancaster, Rev. Beates united in marriage Mr. Feagley and Mary A. Dennis, and to this union there have come the following chil- dren : Henry and Charlotte, deceased when young ; John, a carriage maker of Mt. Pleasant, who mar- ried Emma McCulley, and has one son; Anna, liv- ing at home ; Edgar, a carriage painter of Washing- ton, D. C. ; Sheldon, a printer at Lancaster, who married Katherine Errisman, and has ten children; Mazie, a stenographer;- Frank's., manager of his father's business, and married to Anna Maxton, by whom he has two children; Charles, a watch- maker in Lancaster, who married Anna Pontz, and has three children; Elmer, a watch-maker of Lan- caster ; and Walter, also a_ watch-maker of Lancas- ter, who married Agnes Kelley, and has one child. Mrs. Feagley was born in Providence township, Lancaster county, in 1836, a daughter of Abraham and Margaret (McClosky) Dennis, the former of whom was in early life a tanner, but of late years engaged in farming. Frank S. Feagley, manager of his father's business, was born in Lancaster, June 17, 1868, and was educated in the public schools. In Lancaster, Pa., he married Anna Maxton, of which union there have been born two children, F. Harold and Eliza- beth M. Mrs. Feagley is a daughter of Adam and Elmira (Strine) Maxton, of Columbia, Pa., the former of whom is a retired contractor and builder, and is living with his son-in-law. Mr. Feagley has learned every detail of the business of which he is manager, having from earliest youth been under the particular care of his father, from whom he learned thrift, economy, and sound business tac- tics. He is variously identified with the social or- ganizations in which Lancaster abounds, including the A. O. M. P., the I. O. O. F., the B. P. O. E., and Jr. O. U. A. M. He is a Republican in political affiliation, and is a member of the M. E. Church. Mr. Feagley is enterprising and progressive, and is recognized as an important factor in the commercial world of Lancaster. JOHN M. GROFF, a prosperous and successful farmer of East Drumore township, Lancaster coun- ty, was born in the township where his active years have been spent, in December, 1839, his parents being Joseph and Susan (Myers) Groff, both na- tives of Lancaster county, the father born in 1813 and the mother the year following. Joseph Groff was the son of John and Elizabeth (Eshleman) Grofif, who were among the early set- tlers of Lancaster county, and of Revolutionary faine. John Grofif and his wife had their home at first in Providence township, where they reared a family of ten children, all of whom are dead. Joseph GrofiF, the father of John M., was the oldest member of this family, and Charlotte, the wife of Jacob Crider, the second ; Martin Grofif and his sister Eliza, who married Martin Eshleman, both lived in Providence township ; Levi Grofif lived and died in Pequea town- ship; John E. Grofif married and spent his life in Perry county. Pa., where he died, leaving a family who still reside in that county; Kate and Annie BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1247 Groff both died unmarried ; Barbara Groff married Amos Groff, and both died at Conestoga Center, leaving a family ; Betsy Groff died young. Joseph Groff lived and died on his farm in Dru- more township, which has now passed into the hands of Henry Heidlebaugh. The improvements on this place were all made by Mr. Groff. He died in 1877, his wife having passed away two years before. They were the parents of seven children : ( i ) Barbara is the wife of Cyrus Kramer, of Quarryville, and the mother of two children. Sue and Mary. (2) Cath- erine, born in 1841, married Henry Phillips, a tailor of Quarryville and is the mother of two sons. (3) Levi W., born in 1843, lives in East Drumore town- ship near Oak Bottom, where he has the following family ; Frank ; Lizzie, who married William Miller ; Ella, who married O. B. Edwards ; Emma, who mar- ried E. Kauffman ; Joseph ; Ira ; William ; Freeland ; Ada ; Bige ; Charles ; Anna ; Chester ; Urbanna ; and John. All these children are living. (4) Lizzie, born in 1846, married Abram Lefever, of East Drumore township, and is the mother of a large family, Har- vey, Amos ; John ; Annie ; Susie ; Charles ; William ; Abram and Ira. (5) Fannie, born in 1848, is the wife of Amos Groff, a farmer in East Drumore town- ship, and the mother of the following family: Sid- ney, who is the wife of Samuel Witmer; Sue, who married John Byers ; Lizzie, who married Jacob Byers ; Amos ; Frank ; Celia ; Nora ; Lawrence ; and Mamie. (6) Joseph, born in 1850, married Jose- phine Myers, located in Colerain township, and is father of the following family : Charles, Cora, Harry and Edward. (7) John M. John M. Groff was reared to manhood under the parental roof, and secured his education in the local schools. In June, 1861, he was married to Miss Hannah Richard, who died in 1867, leaving him with one daughter, Anna, who resides at the old home. In 1868 Mr. Groff was again married to Miss Sarah Powell, a daughter of David and Lucetta (Shine- "heart) Powell. Her grandfather, John Powell, was a soldier in the Revolution, and in his later years received a pension from the Government. David Powell, Mrs. Groff's father, settled in East Drumore township, where both he and his wife died, leaving a family four members of which are still living: Mary A., the wife of Daniel Logan, of Colerain township ; Anna E., the wife of Roy Suter, of Quar- ryville ; George, a resident of Lancaster ; Sarah, who is Mrs. Groff, born in East Drumore township, April 20, 1847. After his marriage Mr. Groff and his wife set- tled in Quarryville, where for six years he was en- gaged in burning lime. In 1880 he moved to his farm in East Drumore township, and is still engaged in the cultivation of the soil. Mr. and Mrs. Groff have the following chil- dren: John H., born in 1869, unmarried, and at home ; Ida C, born in 1871, the wife of Levi Rhodes, residing in Bart township on a farm, and the mother •of two children, Edith E. and John L. ; Charles, born in 1876; George, born in 1878; Amos, born in 1881 ; Martin, born in 1883 ; Edith, born in 1890. Mr. Groff is a Republican. He is commander of the Bireley Post, No. 511, G. A. R., Quarryville. His military experiences were gained in Co. D, 195th P. V. I. This regiment formed a part of the Army of the Potomac, and Mr. Groff served until the clos- ing of the war. He participated in every engage- ment in which his regiment fought until his dis- charge. In the Grand Review at Washington he was one of the soldiers who marched down the Avenue and gave notice to the world that the great Rebellion was ended. Mr. and Mrs. Groff hold to the faith of the Old Mennonite Church, and are among the most re- spected people of the county. The Groff family is a numerous one in Lancaster county and its various representatives have been of high character and ster- ling worth. JOSEPH LODER, as president of the Loder Brewing Company, and one of the most successful business men in Columbia, needs no introduction to the readers of this volume. A native of Germany, Mr. Loder was born March 10, 1846, in the village of Wurtzburg, Un- terfranlrn in Ireland, and who came to this country so early that he was able to bear arms for the colonies in the Revolutionary war. He also served in the war of 1812. He settled in Providence township, where his only son, James, was born and reared. James Glass married and carried on farming in Providence until his death in 1859, at the compara- tively early age of forty-five. He was a member of the M. E. Church and an active christian worker. In politics he was a Whig. His widow remained on the old home until her death in 1878, at an advanced age. They were the parents of five children, (i) Alary, born in 1832, married Christian Newswinger, and both are dead. Thev left four daughters : Eliz- abeth, the wife of Theodore Cumer, a professor in one of the county high schools, where she is also teaching; Fannie, who married George Brown, of Steelvilie ; Susan, a teacher in the public schools ; Maggie, a young woman living in Colerain township. (2) Samuel Glass. (3) John Glass, born in 1837, was a soldier during the Civil war, where he served as a member of Capt. Evans' battery of artillery, pie is unmarried and has his home in Strasburg township. (4) Eliza Glass, born in 1840, is the widow of Lewis Wagoner, of Strasburg township. She has one son, Amos, who is living with her. (5) Susan Glass, born in 1842, is the wife of Isaac Miller, and lives in Providence township, where they have three children, Fannie, Lizzie and Naomi. Samuel Glass was reared to manhood on his fa- ther's farm, and was educated in the home schools. When a young man he learned the mason's trade with his brother-in-law, William Crosner, who lived at that time in Lampeter township. Mr. Glass has worked at his trade over forty years. In 1858 he was married to Miss Susan Crosner, a daughter of John and Anna (White) Crosner. Her parents were both natives of Lancaster county, but lived in and died in Colerain township. Mrs. Glass was born in rhat township in 1839, and is .one of a family of seven children born to her parents ; five of whom are now living : Lizzie, a maiden lady of Strasburg ; William, a resident of East Lampeter township; Susan, Mrs. Glass ; Barbara, who married John Ry- an, and lives in' Strasburg ; Joseph, deceased, who served during the Civil war in the I22d Regiment, a command largely recruited from Lancaster county, and whose record was that of a faithful, loyal and gallant soldier ; Sarah, who married Jonas Long and has her home in Lancaster; John, unmarried and living in Strasburg township. Mr. and Mrs. Glass lived in Lampeter township, where he worked as a mason until he enlisted in 1862 as a member of Co. B, I22d P. V. I., his com- pany commander being Capt. Samuel Row, of- Lan- caster. The regiment joined the Army of the Po- tomac, and served under Gen. McClellan, coming at once into active service, and participating in a num- ber of severe skirmishes. At Chancellorsville many members of Company B were killed or wounded. Mr. Glass survived, and on the discharge of the regiment at Harrisburg on account of the comple- tion of its term of enlistment, he returned to his wife and family in Providence township, where he has .spent the greater part of his life. In 1893 he moved to his present home in Bart township, where he has since resided. To him and his good wife were born four sons and six daughters. (i) William Glass, born in i860, married Edith Rineer, a daughter of Aaron Rmeer, of Strasburg township. I'here they live on his farm, and have one son, Willis. (2) Frank Glass, born in 1862, in Pequea township, married Miss Alice Groff, of Bart township. He is a stone mason, and the father of five children: John, iVlyrtle, Elsie, Cora and Susan. (3) John Glass, born in 1864, is unmarried, and lives at home with his parents. (4) Samuel Glass, born in 1866, is a mason by trade and has never married. (.5) Naomi Glass, born in 1868, married Rarie Rineer, of Quarryville, and has her home in Strasburg township, where her husband is employed by the Pennsylvania Railroad. They have three children, Willis, Winston and Walter. (6) Anna Glass, born in 1870, married Elmer Bleacher, of Lancaster county, and has two sons, Frank and Sanmel. (7) Lizzie Glass, born in 1872, married John Weaver, of Bart township, where they now reside. They have two children, Willis and Lizzie. (8) Bertha, born in 1883, lives unmarried BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1297 at home. (9) Amanda married William Friend, of Lancaster, and is tlie modier of one daughter, Efifiie. (10) Susan Glass is the wife of William Oatman, of Bart township, where they reside near Grofifs Mill, at Georgetown. They have one son, Willis. Samuel Glass has always been a Republican, and belongs to Bireley Post, No. 511, G. A. R., at Quarryville. He and his wife are members of the United Presbyterian Church. Mr. Glass is counted among the best citizens of the county, and his manly and heroic qualities have won him a host of friends. As a soldier he was loyal and gallant, and as a friend tender and true. As a citizen of the commu- nit}' he is linked with every forward movement, and lives a thoroughly upright and honorable life. J. JOSEPH BLACK, of Columbia, the popular conductor of a passenger train on the Pennsylvania Railroad, is a native of Columbia borough, was born Nov. 15, 1854, and is a son of Joseph H. and Elizabeth W. (Lockard) Black, of whom full men- tion will be made further on. At the age of sixteen years, Mr. Black began working for the railroad company in the civil en- gineer corps, and assisted in building the old Colum- bia bridge, round house, etc., having risen from the position of water boy. At the age of nineteen, he began flagging and braking, and four years later was promoted to be a passenger conductor. In 1879 he was transferred to Philadelphia, from which city he ran a train six months; then one from Westchester for three months, and from Downing- town nine years, when he was returned to Columbia in 1889, and there he has since remained. On Nov. 18, 1885, Mr. Black married in Phil- adelphia Miss Florence R. Myers, who has borne, her husband three children, Joseph S., Helen and Marshall. Mrs. Florence R. Black was born in Philadelphia, Dec. 10, 1859, and is a daughter of John W. and Sarah T. (Robinson) Myers, of Ches- ter county. John W. Myers was born in June, 1826, was formerly a railroacl clerk, and is living in re- tirement in Philadelphia, totally blind. Mrs. Sarah T. Myers died in Philadelphia in February, 1878. aged forty-eight years. To the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Myers were born six children, viz : Martha J., wife of Steers T. Foster, a yardmaster at Morris- ville, N. J. ; Thomas J., a railroad engineer in Phil- adelphia ; Zilla A., married to William Shuman, a civil engineer in Philadelphia ; Mary E., wife of John P. Robins, a railroad engineer in the same city; Florence R., now Mrs. Black : and Daniel J., a rail- road engineer, also in the Quaker City. The pa- ternal grandparents of Mrs. Black were Rev. Daniel J. and Sarah Myers, the former a Methodist min- ister, and her maternal grandparents were Rev. John and Zilla Robinson, the Rev. John being a local Methodist Episcopal preacher, and all residing in Chester, Pennsylvania. Joseph H. Black, the father of J. Joseph Black, was born in the borough of Chester, Pa., June 26, 82 1824, and is a son of Joseph and Hannah P. (Moore) Black, of Delaware county, Pa. Joseph Black was born April 12, 1793, came to Columbia, April I, 1835, and conducted "Black's Hotel" from 1839 until 1852, in which latter year he died, Feb. 10: his wife was born Jan. 4, 1798, died April 28, iSt'yg, and the mortal remains of both now rest side by side in Mount Bethel cemetery. The children born to Joseph and Hannah P. Black were six in number, viz : Samuel A., who died in Bryn Mawr, Montgomery Co., Pa. ; John, who died young ; Joseph H. ; Col. Henry M., a graduate of West Point, six feet, four inches in height, who with Gen. W infield Scott Hancock, was considered to be the finest appearing man in the war of the Rebellion; Vernard L., a butcher of Houtzdale, Pa. ; and Ed- ward R., who has been an engineer for a railroad company in Philadelphia since 1858. The paternal grandparents of Joseph H. Black were Samuel and Catherine Black, the former of whom was born November 11, 1762, and was a farmer, of German extraction; to this couple were born seven children. The maternal grandparents were John and Sarah Moore. John Moore was born July 3, 1773, and by calling was also a farmer. Joseph H. Black, now the owner of a zinc mine four miles from Lancaster city and an iron ore bank in Chester county, left his home at the age of four- teen years and for one year clerked in a store in Co- lumbia. He then returned to his father's hotel and kept bar for a year ; the next year he passed in Ha- verstraw, N. Y., as a clerk, and then for eighteen months again kept bar for his father. In 1852, in compliance with his father's last request, Joseph H. took possession of the bar and conducted it un- til 1880, when he sold out and began contracting; as his first work he laid a mile of track for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. In 1881 Mr. Black contracted to build two bridges and lay one mile of track for the same com- pany, and at the same -time held a contract for doing the foundiation work for the Philadelphia elevated road between ihe Schuylkill river and Broadway station. In partnership with his brother, Samuel A. Black, and W. W'; Upp, he continued in a gen- eral contracting business until 1887, when he began dealing in real estate, which is still his occupation. In 1897 he purchased his fiftv-two acres of iron ore land in Chester county, and in 1898 leased the zinc mine in East Hempfield township, in which he has a partner, D. R. Saylor. On Aug. 23, 1849, Mr. Black married in Co- lumbia Miss Elizabeth Lockard, and to this mar- riage were born six children, as follows: Hannah E., who died in infancy; Caroline, wife of Charles A. Jeffers, a railroad engineer at Columbia; John- Joseph : Edward J ., who died when four years old ; Charles F., a locomotive engineer at Columbia ; and Anna M., the wife of Alfred I. Crosby, a brakeman in Philadelphia. Mrs. Elizabet^i (Lockard) Black was born in 1298 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNATLS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Columbia in 1826, and died there Oct. 16, 1890. She was a daughter of John and EHzabeth (Hinkle) Lockard, farming people, who were the parents of six children, viz: John, deceased; William; Mar- garet A., widow of William' Dickey, and a resident of Clearfield county; Samuel, deceased; Elizabeth; and Mary, wife of J. J. McMahon. Joseph H. Black is in politics a Republican, and has served as councilman several terms, although ofHce holding is obnoxious to him; he was also tri- ennial assessor of Columbia borough and a director in the Coliambia National Bank, but resigned such offices as he has held. For ten years he was in the transportation business in Columbia, but now makes his home with his children, part of the time in Colum- bia and part in Philadelphia. He is remarkably act- ive for liis age, reads without spectacles, is five feet, eleven and one-quarter inches in height, weighs. 160 pounds, and appears to be as young as he did sixty years ago. EDWARD H. STAMAN, the well known dai- ryman and farmer and proprietor of the Shawnee Farm in West Hempfield township, Lancaster coun- ty, was born near Marietta, in East Hempfield town- ship, Dec. 14, 1849, and is a son of John P. and Mary E. (House) Staman, of Manor township. John P. Staman, who has been twice married, was born in October, 1821, and now resides in Co- lumbia, Pa., having removed from the old homestead to that city in 1891, in order to live retired from the cares and duties of active life. To his marriage ■with Mary E. House there were born four children, viz : Anna E., wife of Dr. S. A. Bockius, of Colum- bia ; Edward H. ; Hester, wife of Marion Zook, of Lancaster ; and John, also of Lancaster. Mrs. Mary EJ (House) Staman was called away in 1858, when but thirty-seven years old, and her remains were taken to Columbia for interment. The second mar- riage of John P. Staman' took place June i, 1859, to Susan K. Zook, who bore him two children, Abraham, deceased, and Harry, now of Marietta. Mrs. Susan K. (Zook) Staman was a daughter of Abraham Zook, of Lancaster county, and died in 1888, at the age of sixty-four years. Edward H. Staman was transferred when an infant from one estate to another, or from one farm to another, and in childhood it was much the same with him. At the age of two years he was taken from the homestead to the J. M. Strickler farm, thence to the J. L. Wright farm, and thence to the J. H. Mifflin estate, all in V^est Hempfield township, and from the latter in 1868, he came to his present farm, then the property of his father, and there re- mained until shortly after his marriage, when he went to Columbia and engaged in mercantile busi- ness, continued there until 1891, and then bought his present farm from his father. He belongs to the Masonic order, and in his politics is a Republican. The family is connected with the Presbyterian Church. , January 28, 1875, in Philadelphia, Edward H* Staman married Anna E.. Wright, and this union has been blessed with seven children, viz: Emily E., Bessie C, Nellie, John P. Jr., James M., Ed- ward and Harold. Mrs. Anna E. (Wright) Staman was born in Columbia, Pa., in 1850, and is a daugh- ter of James and Rebecca (Curry) Wright, the former of whom was a merchant and died in Co- lumbia, May 30, 1878, when sixty-four years old, his widow dying March 28, 189S, at the age of sev- enty-seven years, both in the faith of the Presby- terian Church, and the remains of both being interred in Mount Bethel cemetery, Columbia. There were born to this couple six children, as follows : Emily, who died in infahcy ; J. Davis, who died in Philadel- phia in 1866; Anna E., Mrs. Staman; Sally S., who married William Blackward, of I'hiladelphia, and died in 1879; Lillian W., widow of Herbert B. Smith, of the same city ; and Emily G., of Lans- down, Pennsylvania. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Anna E. (Wright) Staman were Thomas J. and Nancy (Sinsenick) Wright, of Columbia and Lancaster, re- spectively ; and the maternal grandparents were Martin and Elizabeth (Woodbridge) Curry, re- spectively of Philadelphia, Pa., and Bangor, Me., but who were married in Ph;ladelphia and shortly afterward located in Columbia, where Mr. Curry was a tobacconist and passed the remainder of his days, and where Mrs. Curry later married a Mr. Evans. GEORGE H. MILLER, a retired hotel man and a former merchant in Leacock township, was born Dec. 25, 1840, in Earl township, Lancaster county, and is a son of Abner and Maria ( Seldomridge) Miller, of Earl and Leacock townships, respectively. Abner Miller was a farmer and died on the farm where his son now lives. May 21, 1884. He was born Sept. 18, 1808. His wife, who was bom March 6, 1808, died July 25, 1853. They were members of the Reformed Lutheran Church. Born to them were : Adam, born June 15, 1833, who mar- ried a Miss O'Dair and is now deceased; John S., born Feb. 23, 1836, died March 10, 1865 ; Christian, who is single, lives on the home place ; George H. ; Miss Elizabeth C, born in 1843, died Oct. 31, 1862. The paternal grandparents of George H. Miller were Dr. Adam and EHzabeth (Sheafifer) Miller, the former a noted physician of Leacock township, where he reared to maturity a family of twelve chil- dren. The maternal grandparents of Mr. Miller were John and Christiann Seldomridge. (jeorge H. Miller and Anna Louise Rote were married in Lancaster, April 19, 1864. To them was born one son, George Albert, who died July 21, 1868. Mis. Anna L. Miller was born in Lancaster, May IS; 1844, a daughter of George F. and Anna (Fink- abmc) Rote, of Lancaster and Chester counties, re- spectively. Mr. Rote was one of the oldest under- takers in Lancaster, held the office of school direc- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1299 tor. and was a city councilman for many years. In religion both himself and his wife belonged to the Moravian Church. In his political associations he was a Democrat. He died in 1876, at the age of sixty-five years, and his widow in 1884; both were buried in the Woodward Hill cemetery. They were the parents of the following family: William and George, both deceased ; Anna L. ; Amos, an under- taker in Lancaster, now deceased ; Joseph, a house decorator in Cleveland, Ohio ; Lovine, an undertaker in Lancaster, now deceased; Jacob, a photographer of Lancaster; James A., a house decorator in Cali- fornia. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Miller was William Rote, of Lancaster county; her ma- ternal grandjjarents were Jacob and Rebecca Fink- abine, of Chester county, where they lived on a farm. Mr. Miller was reared on a farm until he reached the age of twelve years, when he became a clerk in the store of B. F. Hull, at Intercourse; after a year he was sent to Mechanicsburg, where he was employed in the store of the father of Mr. Hull for some eighteen months. For a year and a half he was a clerk in Paradise ; at Brownstown he was employed a year and a half. Mr. Miller enlisted April 16, 1861, in Co. C, loth P. V. I., under Capt. D. W. Patterson. He was in the army three months, and on hisi return home re- enlisted in Lo. A, 79th P. V. I., under Capt. Kendig. In 1864 he re-enlisted as a veteran in the same company under Capt. Benson. He served until the close of the war, receiving his most severe injury at Chickamauga, where- he was shot through the right leg. Taken into the hospital at Jefiferson- ville, he would not remain until he was pronounced cured, but ran away, to re-enlist in Philadelphia. He was discharged in July, 1865, with a creditable, record as a gallant and loyal soldier. At Lancaster he returned to civil life, and buying the Union League building, conducted it as a hotel for a year and a half. For some years he was em- pkjyed in farming in Leacock township, when he returned to Lancaster and conducted the "Court Avenue Hotel" for seven years. For a few years he resumed farming; and after that ran a restaurant in Lancaster for a year and a half. At the end of that time he had a hotel and restaurant business on the site of the Woolworth building, which he con- ducted for about seven years, when he removed to engage in the same line at Baltimore. He had not been there many months when his business was com- pletely wrecked by a very severe storm. For a short time he spent his energies at home, and then took charge of the '"Sprecker House" at Lancaster. He held this property for two years, and then selling it, was soon established at Intercourse, Pa., where he was landlord for some two years. At Dado he was engaged in a mercantile' business for a year. He was manager of the "County House" for about a year, and was landlord at Gordonville, also for the same time, in "Kinzer's Hotel." In June, 1901, he returned to his farm, where he proposes to spend the balance of his days. Mr. Miller is an honored member of the G. A. R., and belongs to the German Reformed Church. In his politics he is a Republican, and is pronounced one of the leading men of the community. Of late he has suflfered from poor health, having experi- enced a severe paralytic stroke. JOHN H. KLINE, president of the Columbia school board, and a popular young conductor on the Pennsylvania Railroad, was born in West Hemptield township, Lancaster county, Feb. 25, i860, a son of David H. and Margaret (Isenburger) Klkie, also natives of West Hempfield township, where the mother died in 1897, at the age of fifty- seven years, a member of the Reformed Church, and where the father, who was born in 1839, still resides, a Mennonite in his faith. David H. Kline was reared on a farm, but in young manhood was employed in an iron furnace and later by an oil company. He then returned to his farm and resumed agricultural pursuits, attained considerable local influence, and served for five con- secutive years as township supervisor. To his mar- riage with Margaret Isenburger were born the fol- lowing children : John H. ; Anna, wife of J. H. Hartman, a brakeman at Columbia; Mamie; Ella, widow of Michael Kern; Kate; Carrie, wife of John Hable, electrician — all of Columbia; Maggie, wife of George Marley, car inspector at Lancaster ; and Cora, wife of William Harris, car inspector in Philadelphia. The paternal grandparents of John H. Kline were John H. and Anna (Hogentogler) Kline, farming people of Lancaster county, and the ma- ternal grandparents were Samuel and Peggie Isen- burger, also of Lancaster county, the former 'of ■ whom was a quarryman. John H. Kline, whose name opens this article, was reared by his paternal grandparents on their farm from the age of two until ten years, and then came to Columbia, where he attended school until fifteen. He was then employed in a flouring-mill four years, and later by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company one year as inspector of the cementing of the Columbia bridge ; he then worked for the com- pany as brakeman three years ; next as flagman four years ; and was then promoted to be extra con- ductor, which position he has filled in a most satis- factory manner up to the present time. Mr. Kline was joined in marriage at Columbia, Aug. 4, 1878, with Anna Foreman, who was born in Huntingdon county, Pa., in 1858, and is. a daugh- ter of David Foreman. To John H. and Anna Kline has been born one daughter, Bessie L., who taught school three years and is now the wife of William H. Yohe, a heater in an iron mill. Mrs. Anna Kline was born in Mifflin, Juniata Co., Pa., Oct. 15, 1858, daughter of David and Re- 1300 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY becca (Eell) Foreman, of the same borough. In 1864 the family removed to Altoona, Blair county, thence to Mill Creek, Huntingdon county, and then, in 1867, went to Columbia, and there lived until 1879, when they went to Harrisburg, where they still reside, the father being a brakeman. To David and Rebecca Foreman, who were both born in 1839, have been born three children, viz : Anna ; Elmer, a railroad conductor, of Harrisburg; and a child who died in infancy. John H. Kline is a Republican in politics, has been a member of the Columbia school board for the past several years, and in June, 1899, was elected its president. He is also a member of the Columbia fire department, and is in general a useful citizen. As a member of the, Improved Order of Red Men, he has been financial secretary of his Tribe five years. He is likewise a member of the B. of R. T., and in religion leans toward the Mennonite faith. Socially his standing is with the best families of Columbia. ADAM T. HERMAN, one of the well-known farmer citizens of West Lampeter township, Laiji- caster county, whose fine farm is located but two and one-half miles from the city of Lancaster, was born in Pequea township, this county, March 10, 1858, a son of John M. and Elizabeth (Thomas) Herman, w'ho still reside in the same township. Adam T. Herman was reared on the farm under his father's excellent instruction, completed the com- mon school course and remained under the paternal roof until 1884, operating his father's farm. At that time he began the improving of the sixty-acre farm where he now resides and carries on general farming; he supplies also considerable stone used for roads in the district and does much teaming to Lancaster City and to the outlying districts. In 1880 Adam T. Herman was united in mar- riage with Susan Kendig, the estimable daughter of Christian Kendig, of Manor township, who was bcm there in 1863 ; to them have been born thirteen children: Mary, who married Clarence King, of Pequea township; Lettie; Mello; Lizzie; John; Adam; Christie, deceased; Harry; Charles; Sam- uel ; Katie : Francis ; and Alice. Mr. Herman is a progressive farmer and public- spirited man, who has devoted his life to the inter- ests of his family and section, and he possesses the respect and esteem of the whole community. DAVID H. HUBER. The farms of West Lam- peter township are among the best in Lancaster county, and one of these is the property of David H. Hube'r, who comes of an old and honored agricul- tural family which has been established in this part of the Keystone State for generations. David H. Huber, one of its worthy representatives, was born June 6, i860, and is the son of David and Maria Huber, his birth occurring on the old homestead located near Willowstreet, where he was reared. His education was secured in the common schools, after which he became occupied in the home farming operations. In 1890, he located on the fine farm he now oc- cupies, which is situated one-half mile south of Big Springs, and consists of fifty-three acres, a part of the large estate once owned by his ancestor, Hans Herr. The old sandstone house, erected there prior to 1719, is still standing a relic of long ago and an object of interest to all. The various excellent im- provements on the farm were placed there by his fa- ther, David Huber. Mr. Huber carries on general farming and is considered one of the solid and sub- stantial men of the community, successful in what- ever he undertakes. As a stockholder in the Lancaster County Bank and in the Southern Market House, he is recognized as a man of commercial integrity, and has been of great service in educational matters in the township, now serving his fourth term as a member of the school board. A Republican in politics, he votes, with his party but never seeks or consents to hold political office. David H. Pluber was married Nov. 25, 1889, tO' Anna Mowrer, a daughter of Amos S. and Anna Mowrer, of West Lampeter township, and to this union three interesting children have been born. Myrtle M., Mary and D. Mark. This is one of the representative families of West Lampeter, and they- enjoy the esteem of the whole community. SAMUEL H. BOYD, a valued employee of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, whose home is in Columbia, Pa., was born in that city. May 10, 1862, and is a son of Samuel A. and Kate (Pierce) Boyd„ also natives of Columbia. Samuel A. Boyd, the father, was an expressman and did hauling. He died in Columbia, Sept. 2^,. 1862, at the early age of thirty-four years, and there his remains were interred. His wife, who was bom in 1S30, died in Port Deposit, Md., in 1869, and was buried in that city. Both were active members of the M. E. Church, and were highly respected by alt who knew them. Their children were: Mary A., wife of William A. Wolf, of Harrisburg, Pa. ; John' A., a resident of Columbia ; Jane H., wife of Robert Clay, of Harrisburg; Kate A., who died in child- hood ; and Samuel H. The maternal grandparents were John and Catherine Pierce, lifelong residents of Columbia. As he lost his father during his infancy, Samuel H. Boyd was reared by a great-aunt. Miss Catherine- liougendoubler, and remained with her until his marriage. On June 18, 1883, in Columbia, he wedded Anna M. Smith, by whom he has had five children, namely : Katherine, who died in infancy ,- Frederick J., Greta M. and Irene B., all at home;- and Mary E., who died in 1899. Mrs. Boyd was born in West Hempfield township, Lancaster coun- ty, April 4, 1865, a daughter of Leonard and Mar- garet (Phath) Smith, who though born in Hessen- Darmstadt, Germany, were married in Lancaster BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1801 county, Pa. The father had come to America at the age of fifteen years with his parents, Samuel Smith and his wife, also natives of Germany, who spent the remainder of their lives in West Hemp- lield township, Lancaster county. Mrs. Boyd's ma- ternal grandparents never left Germany. Her fa- ther, Leonard Smith, followed the blacksmith's trade throughout life and died in 1887, at the age of fifty-two years. The mother is still living at the age of sixty-five years and continues to make her home in Columbia. In religious belief both were Catholics. Their children were: Catherine and John, both deceased; Elizabeth, wife of Frank C. Sliillow, a butcher of Columbia; Leonard, a black- smith of that place; Anna M., now Mrs. Boyd; Catherine and Henry, both deceased; Mary, wife ■of William Horner, a railroad brakeman of Colum- bia; Samuel, a machinist of the same place; Will- iam, deceased; Frank, a resident of Columbia; and Edward and Charles, both deceased. At the age of fifteen years Mr. Boyd began his business career as a boiler maker and worked at that trade for seven years. In 1882 he commenced braking on the Pennsylvania Railroad, but in 1885 •decided to become an engineer and devoted the fol- lowing seven years to firing. In 1892 he was pro- moted to engineer and is now serving the company in that capacity. He is a member of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, Brotherhood of Locomo- tive Firemen and the Pennsylvania Relief Associa- tion, and affiliates with the Democratic party. CLAYTON K. STAUFFER. Among the prominent voting business men of Rowena, East Donegal township, one who has, by his energy and close attention to business, become the owner oE property and holds an excellent position with the great Pennsylvania Railroad Company, is Clayton K. Staufifer, the telegraph operator in charge at Shock's Mill. Mr. Stauffer was born in Mt. Joy township, Lancaster county, March 9, 1868, a son of Abraham H. and Elizabeth (Kreider) Stauffer, both members •of old and prominent families of this State. Abraham H. Stauffer, now living retired, was "born Feb. 4, 1845, on the farm in West Donegal township where he yet resides and on which his fa- ther, Jacob Stauffer, settled in 1820. His grand- parents, Jacob Stauffer and his wife, a Miss Niss- ley, were born in Penn township, this county, and he was a farmer and miller by occupation. Jacob Stauffer was also a native of Lancaster county, and one of- the successful self-made farmer citizens of West Donegal township, where he made his per- manent home. As such he was at various times re- quested to hold office but invariably declined. He -was a Republican in political sentiment. Mr. Stauf- fer married Catherine Hershey, also a native of Lan- caster county, and a daughter of Benjamin Hershey, of this county, who married a Miss Snyder. To this union came children as follows: Benjamin, who married and is deceased; Miss Anna, who died in 1888; Peter, a miller of Rapho township; Fanny, deceased wife of Christ Snyder, of East Donegal; Joseph, who died in Illinois ; Miss Mary, deceased ; Christian, deceased ; Jacob, a retired farmer of Mt. Joy ; Barbara, deceased in infancy ; John, deceased ; Henry, a farmer of Lititz ; Abraham H. ; and Sam- uel, a farmer and tobacco merchant of Dayton, Ohio. The parents were members of the Old Mennonite Church, and were known as good Christian people. The father passed away Jan. 29, 1861, aged fifty- nine years, three months ; the mother died in De- cember, 1875, aged seventy-three. Their remains rest in a cemetery on the farm. Abraham H. Stauffer has passed all his life on the farm in West Donegal where he was born, with the exception of a brief residence in 1867-68 in Mt. Joy township. The place comprises eighty- two acres of valuable land, and he has engaged suc- cessfully in agricultural pursuits, winning a sub- stantial income from the cultivation of the soil. On Nov. 8, 1866, in Lancaster, Pa., Mr. Stauffer mar- ried Elizabeth Kreider, who was born May 12, 1846, in Rapho township, daughter of Daniel and Anna (Bossier) Kreider, natives of East Lampeter and East Hemplield townships, respectively. He was a successful and- prominent farmer. Both Mr. and Mrs. Kreider died in East Lampeter township, he in 1 86 1, at the age of sixty, she in 1859, at the age of forty-eight, and their remains rest in East Peters- burg. They were members ^of the Mennonite Church. Children as follows were born to them: Jacob and John, who died young; Anna, deceased wife of Benjamin Kauflfman; Maria, deceased wife of Isaac Kauflfman; Daniel, a retired farmer of Petersburg, Pa. ; Abraham, a farmer and cigar man- ufacturer of Salunga, this county; Elizabeth, the wife of Abraham H. Stauffer. Mr. and Mrs. Abraham H. Stauffer are the par- ents of children as follows : Clayton K., whose name introduces this article ; Daniel K., deceased ; Cath- erine K., wife of Levi Eby, of Rapho township; Jacob K., unmarried, who lives at home ; Maria K., wife of Christ Newcomer, of Rapho township; and Reuben K., living at home. The parents are faithful members of the Mennonite Church. Mr. Stauffer gives his political support to the Repub- lican party. Clayton K. Stauffer was reared on a farm, re- maining at home until twenty years old, when he be- gan the study of telegraphy, soon showing evidence of natural ability in that line. He received his first instruction in a little back office near Rheems Station, where he assiduously applied himself for a period of six months, and in the next few years was transferred to various stations where a quick and capable operator was wanted. In March, 1895, he was located at his present place, and has re- mained there doing most excellent work, ever since. The marriage of Mr. Stauffer took place in February, iSqi, Miss Anna Ebersole, a member of 1302 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY one of the oldest families of the county, becoming his wife. To this union have been born two chil- dren, Edna I', and Mary, the latter dying in infancy. Mrs. Stauffer is a daughter of John L. and Amanda (Epler) Ebersole, of East Donegal township. Mr. Stauffer stands well in the community, owning his own comfortable home, and drawing a liberal salary, and is one of the much respected and highly valued employees of the great company he has faithfully served. J. MILTON HERSHEY, the proprietor of the "Cross Keys Hotel" at Intercourse, Pa., was born in Salisbury township, Lancaster county, June 26, i860, a son of John B. and Mary (Warner) Hershey, of Upper Leacock and Salisbury townships, respect- ively. The father, who was born in 1837, is now a retired farmer of Salisbury township ; his wife was born in 1833. They were both members of the Pres- byterian Church, and were prominent people in the community where their active years have passed. Born to them were Amanda, who married John Reasser, a farmer of Salisbury township ; and J. Milton, whose name introduces this article. The paternal grandparents of J. M. Hershey were Jacob F. and Christina (Bare) Hershey, both natives of Lancaster county; his maternal grandfa- ther was Jacob Warner, who married a Miss Pratt. J. Milton Hershey was married in Salisbury township, Feb. 29, 1884, to Amanda C. Worst, daughter of Samuel and Nancy (Kurtz) Worst, by whom he has had one child, Anna. Mrs. Hershey is a sister of Mrs. Milton Bare, and was a school teacher for seven years. Mrs. Hershey was reared on the farm, and re- mained at home with his parents until his marriage, when he settled on a farm in Salisbury township^ In. 1887 he removed to the city of Lancaster, and for three years was assistant turnkey. At the end of that period he became a hotel man in Lancaster, and was landlord for twenty-nine months. For three years he kept a hotel in Spring Garden, and in 1897 he came to his present locality. For two terms he has been a member of the Republican Committee, and is one of the leading men of the county. ADy\M J. REISINGER, a very efficient and popular engineer on the Pennsylvania Railroad, and_ a resident of Columbia, was born on a farm in York' county. Pa., Aug. 7, 1849, and is a son of Adam and Catherine (Eckert) Reisinger, natives of Ger- many, who came to America in 1848. The parents settled in York county, where Adam followed his vocation of farmer until his death, April I, 1896, at the age of seventy-seven years, while his widow at the age of seventy-four is still residing on the old homestead, a member, as was her husband, of the Reformed Church. To the marriage of these venerable parents were born the following children : Mary, who was married to George Oldwilder and died in 1887 ; Adam J. ; Joseph, a carpenter of York county; George, Henry, Peter, all farmers in the same county ; Emma, who is married to William Wallace, a school-teacher, also residing in York county ; Kate, the wife of Charles Fitzking, a cigar manufacturer in New York City; and Francis, a. fireman on the Pennsylvania Railroad, and residing in Columbia. Adam J. Reisinger lived on the home farm un- til thirteen years old, when he began driving horses attached to canal-boats, from which humble position he rose to be a captain and acted in that capacity for four years. He then found employment as a brake- man on the railroad on which he is still working and iour months later was made a fireman ; at that he served seven years, and was then promoted to his present position of engineer, a position he has filled now for seventeen years. In April, 1873, in Columbia, Mr. Reisinger mar- ried Miss Cecelia Reisinger, who, although of the same surname, is of no consanguinity. To this union were born two children, Ella and Charles, who both died in infancy. Mrs. Cecelia Reisinger is a native of Columbia; her parents, Peter and Leah (Reichard) Reisinger, came from York county, and after settling in Columbia, conducted a hotel. Mr. Reisinger is in politics a Democrat, but has never been an office-seeker. He is held in high es- teem by his fellow railroad men and is the more closely allied to them by being a member of B. O. L. E., division No. 104, and the F. B., No. 552; he is also a member of the Heptasophs and the Columbia Fire Company, m which, when at home, he is always prompt is responding to a fire alarm. JOHN BEAMESDERFER, a general farmer and stock dealer of Rapho township, was born on the farm he now lives on, Sept. i, 1868. He is the son of Henry and Anna (Balmer) Beamesderfer of Petersburg, but now residing in Manheim town- ship, having retired in 1901 to make Manheim their home. Henry Beamesderfer, the father, was born in 1840 and his wife was also born in the same year. They are members of the New Mennonite Church. He is a director of the Keystone National Bank of Manheim, a director of the Sporting Hill and Man- heim Turnpike Company, and for some time was a school director of his district. There were born to him and his wife the following children: Anna, wife of H. Y. Brandt, a farmer" of Rapho township ; John; Jonas, a tinsmith of Norfolk, Va. ; Amos, in the livery and bicycle business at Lebanon, Pa.; Harry., deceased at twenty-three years of age; and Anna, deceased at the age of twenty-one years. ' Mr. Beamesderfer's grandfather was George Beames- derfer, of Lancaster, Pa., and on his mother's side his grandparents were John and Anna (Frick) Bal- mer, of Lancaster county. On Jan. 5, 1896, Mr. John Beamesderfer mar- ried Miss Anna May Rheam, of Elizabethtown, Pa. They have had no children. Mrs. Rheam was born BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1303 in West Donegal township, April 24, 1876, and is the daughter of Jacob B. and Susan (Wisler) Rheam, of West Donegal township. He was born in Decem- ber, 1832, and Mrs. Rheam was born Oct. 20, 1842. Mrs. Rheam is a member of the United Brethren Church. There were born to this couple the follow- ing children : Frank, a tinsmith, of Manheim, Pa. ; Samuel and Jacob, who both died in youth ; Edward, a horsedealer of Mt. Joy ; Norman, a railroad man, of Harrisburg, Pa. ; Anna May, wife of our subject; Blanche, wife of Jacob Shaffer, a hotel man of Eton, Pennsylvania. Mr. John Beamesderfer lived with his parents until the age of twenty-eight years when he left home for Harrisburg, Pa., where he entered the bicycle business, which he continued for some time. He then went into the electrical business and fitted up the Capitol building in Harrisburg with electrical ap- pliances. On April i, 1 901, he returned to his pres- ent home, the farm on which he was born. It is a large, handsome place, one of the best in the county. Mr. Beamesderfer is a young man and a Repub- lican and there is likely to be a great future in store for him. He is well known, well liked, and progres- sive, a combination of attributes hard to beat. B. H. NISSLY. Among the fine farms for which East Donegal township, Lancaster county, is noted, is that of B. H. Nissly, comprising seventy acres of some of the best land in Lancaster county. Although Mr. Nissly has never operated his farm personally, he thoroughly understands its manage- ment and its fine condition shows that its owner is fully alive to its possibilities. Mr. Nissly was born in Mt. Joy township, Oct. 4, 1865, a son of Christian and Lydia (Huntzberger) Nissly, the former of whom was an excellent farmer in this county, dying in Feb., 1866, at the age of forty-three ; he was buried in Mt. Joy township, on the old Nissly homestead, where the family has its private burial ground. The mother of B. H. died at Anchortown in 1875, at the age of forty-six, the only child of the marriage being our subject. By a previous marriage to a Miss Warner, Mr. Nissley had one son Tobias, who is a machinist in Reading, where he married Belle Balmer. The ancestry of Benjamin Nissly includes some of the old and honored family names of Lancaster county. His paternal grandfather was John Nissly, of Lancaster county, who married a Miss Hershey. B. H. Nissly remained with his mother until the age of five years, having been deprived of his father when but one year old, and she then found a good home for him with Benjamin Hernley, of Mt. Joy township, where he remained until fifteen, going to school and attending to the chores. At this age John Reist desired his services on the farm, and he went with him for the following two years, then worked for two more years with Christ Nissley, and spent one year in mill work in Mt. Joy township, returning then to farm work in West Donegal township for three years. In 1888 Mr. Nissly purchased his fine farm, paying for it the handsome sum of $11,200, and moved upon it in 1889. The residence, a two- story brick building, was erected at a cost of $4,500, and was on the farm when it was purchased from the estate of Benjamin Herr. Mr. Nissly has never farmed this place, prefer- ring to rent it, but he makes it his home. During the years of 1894 and 1895 he was employed in the Read- ing Railroad car shops. In politics he has always been an ardent Republican and is one of the sub- stantial men of the township. WILLIAM M. GUILES (formerly spelled Giles), of the firm of A. G. Guiles' Sons, takes high rank in commercial circles in Columbia, where since January, 1887, he and his brother, Samuel W.,. have carried on the business established by their honored father. Our subject is a grandson of William Guiles, who was born May 26, I79,'5, in Chester county. Pa., and was of English descent. When ten years old he came with his stepmother to Lancaster county, locating at Strasburg, where he grew to manhood, and he was self-supporting from that early age. When a boy he did various kinds of work, blacking boots, working as a stable boy, anything, in fact, that would bring him an" honest penny, and in early manhood he took up the trade of wagonmaking, which he followed successfully until ten years before his death, when he retired. He continued to reside in Strasburg, of which place he became one of the most respected citizens, winning by hard work and a life of consistent uprightness a high place in the hearts of his fellow-men, as well as substantial finan- cial rewards. He was a devout Christian, an active member and pillar of the M. E. Church, and his death, which occurred May 16, 1867, was sincerely mourned. On Aug. 8, 1819, Mr. Guiles married Miss Mary Markley, who was born Aug. 24, 1800, south of Strasburg, this county, daughter of George Markley, who was of German descent. Eleven children were born to them, three of whom died in infancy. Sarah, now deceased, was the wife of D. S. McElhaney, of Marticville. William is de- ceased. Mary, deceased, was the wife of Rev. Al- bert G. Williams. David is deceased. Elizabeth is the wife of John J. Long, of Freeport, Pa. John W. is deceased. Charlotte W., deceased, was the wife of Simon Groff, of Strasburg. Abraham Groff is the father of our subject. The mother of this family passed away March 26, 1852. Abraham G. Guiles was born Oct. 3, 1840, in Conestoga Center, this county, was reared at Stras- burg and received his education there in the public schools. He left school at the age of fourteen, learned the trade of wagonmaking under his father, and at the age of sixteen was working at that trade as a journeyman. By the time he was twenty he was engaged in business on his own account. When twenty-one he entered the employ of the Pennsyl- 1304 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY vania Railroad Company, and soon became engineer, running from Harrisburg to Philadelphia. So trusted an employee was he that when but twenty- five he was frequently called upon to run passenger trains. In 1864 he came to Columbia, making his home there one year, while for the next five years he lived in Harrisburg. He remained in the rail- road employ ten years, at the end of that time en- gaging in merchandising in Columbia, where he continued to reside throughout his entire business career. He first embarked in the shoe business in Locust street, but soon took up general merchan- dising, at No. 210 2d street, and was thus engaged most successfully from 1871 to January, 1887, when he turned the establishment over to his two sons, William M. and Samuel W., who now conduct the store .under the firm name of A. G. Guiles' Sons. After assisting them in the management for some time Mr. Guiles retired from the enterprise and gave his attention to various other business affairs until his removal to Lititz, where he is now spend- ing his days in the enjoyment of the ample com- petence which awarded his years of activity. Al- though his mercantile interests demanded his con- stant attention for so many years, Mr. Guiles found time to encourage and promote any enterprise for the public good, and he did much for the welfare of his adopted city, keeping abreast of every progressive movement. He gave special aid to her business prosperity by his interest in and support of various establishments of importance in the town, being stockholder and director in several concerns. He was one of the organizers of the Columbia Shirt Company, now the Triumph Shirt Company ; is a stockholder in the Columbia Electric Light & Power Company; of the Keely Stove Company, of which he was one of the organizers ; and a stock- holder and director of the Central National Bank of Columbia. Mr. Guiles officiated as a member of the school board in Columbia, as member of the board of health for many years, and for four years as member of the city council, of which he was president one year. In political sentiment he is a Democrat. Fraternally he unites with Columbia Lodge, No. 286, F. & A. M., and with the Perfect Artisans. In i86r Mr. Guiles wedded Miss Rebecca K. Welsh, of Conestoga Center, and three children were born to them. Samuel W., Ida May and Will- iam M. Samuel W. married Catherine K. Haud- shaw, of Harrisburg. The daughter died when twenty-one years of age. The mother passed away Nov. 2, 1896, and in the fall of 1898 Mr. Guiles married Miss Mary R. Doster, of Lititz. On Dec. I, 1899, they removed from Columbia to Lititz, where Mr. Guiles has erected a fine residence in South Broad street. Mr. Guiles united with the M. E. Church in 187T, but since his removal to Lititz he has been connected with the Moravian Church. William M. Guiles was born in 1869, in Harris- burg, this State, and was but two months old when his parents took up their residence in Columbia. He received a good education, and at an early age com- menced learning business methods in his father's store, continuing with him until he and his brother took the business on their own account. They are following in th'eir father's footsteps, and bid fair to rank, as he did, among the most substantial mer- chants of Lancaster county. Mr. Guiles is a mem- ber of the Artisans and the Odd Fellows, and, in religious connection is identified with the M. E. Church. In politics he is independent. In June, 1894, Mr. Guiles was married, at Hazleton, Pa., to Miss Adelaide Curnow, a native of that place. They have no children. Mrs. Guiles' father, William Curnow, was a native of England, and died in Hazleton. Her mother is now the wife of John Arrey, a retired resident of Hazleton. MARTIN LEFEVER, one of the representa- tive farmers of Lancaster county and a leading citi- zen in West Lampeter township, was born on the small farm that was owned by his grandfather on the Lampeter Road, Feb. 14, 1854, and is a son of .A.dam and Catherine (Kendig) Lefever. His fa- ther was reared at home and spent his life in West Lampeter township, making himself known and felt as one of the leading men of the county in his time, dying in 1889. Adam Lefever was left fatherless when a babe and was reared to manhood with no parental guid- ance. There was good stuft' in him, however, and while still a lad he did not hesitate to assume re- sponsibilities and undertake labors that should go with more advanced years. Always a farmer, he soon became successful, amassing property and be- coming the owner of four farms and a timber lot in the southern part of the county, also possessing two pieces of property in Lampeter. Known as a hard- working man, his business acumen was soon recog- nized, and for many years he was a director in the County Bank. His townsmen elected him director of the poor, as well as to other local positions, and he served on the school board many years. Adam Lefever was married to Catherine Ken- dig, by whom he had thirteen children: Harry, a farmer in Strasburg township; Martin; Frank, a farmer in West Lampeter township; Mary Ann, deceased; Elizabeth, the wife of Christian Huber, of West Lampeter township ; Aaron, who died un- married : Daniel and Alpheus, both deceased ; Enos K.. a physician of Boiling Springs, Cumberland Co., Pa. ; Adam, a farmer in West Lampeter town- ship ; Grant, deceased ; Kate, who is the widow of Frank Mullinger, and lives in Lancaster; Emma, the wife of John Hauser, of West Lampeter town- ship. The mother of this family is still living, and is a member of the Mennonite Church. Martin Lefever was reared on the farm and educated in the common schools. He remained at home until he was twenty-six years of age, then BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1305 married and located on the farm of John B. Mylin, which he farmed on shares for seventeen years. It comprised no acres and proved very productive. Mr. Lefever, in company with his brother, bought 155 acres of the old homestead, and settled on It April I, 1897. This has become one of the hne tarms, and is now owned exclusively by Martin Lefever, who has made many improvements, and IS the possessor of a herd of fine stock. All his at- tention is given to farming and his place as a pro- gressive and wide-awake farmer is conceded. He also owns another piece of land in West Lampeter township, which consists of five acres. Mr. Lefever was married Nov. 2, 1880, to Miss Amanda C. Myhn, a daughter of John B. Mylin, and to them have come the following children, Martha, Harry, Mamie, Minnie, Edna, John, Aldus, Martin, Flor- ence and Verna. WILLIAM H. SMOKER. The railroad train service requires men of sound judgment, capable of forming quick and unerring decisions, and men who are faithful in every small detail of duty. Those inen succeed best who are attached to their voca- tion, and one of the best-known among the citizens of Columbia engaged in railroad work is William H. Smoker. For the past thirty years he has been in railway service and during that time he has shown his fidelity to the stirring and responsible life of a train man by surrendering promotion for its attractions. Mr. Smoker was born in Salisbury township, Lancaster county, Feb. 18, 185 1, the son of Jacob K. and Sarah L. (Nelson) Smoker, the latter of Paradise township, and the grandson of John G. and Polly M. Smoker. The grandfather was a na- tive of Germany, who in his youth migrated to America, here married and became a citizen of Lan- caster county, where he died. Jacob K. Smoker, the father of William H., was born Oct. 27, 1822. He is now a resident of Colum- bia, an auctioneer by occupation. During the Civil war he served for three years in the engineering corps and was stationed at Harper's Ferry. He was register and property assessor of the second ward in Lancaster for six years and has held various township offices. In politics he is a Republican and in religious faith himself and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. The children born to Jacob K. and Sarah L. Smoker are as follows: William H. ; Louis J., of Columbia ; Lillie, deceased wife of John Richardson ; James M., a Pennsylvania Railroad conductor, of Columbia; Lucy, wife of John Weymer, proprietor of a bakery at Columbia; and Howard G., a druggist of Mt. Joy, Pennsyl- vania. William H. was reared on a farm, but began his railroad career in 1870, at the age of nineteen years, as a brakeman on a freight train, on the run between Columbia and Philadelphia. Eight months later he was promoted to conductor, a position which he held for five years. He was again promoted, to the posi- tion of assistant yard master, which he filled for three years and nine months. Preferring his old work on the road, he returned to the position of con- ductor, which he has held uninterruptedly ever since, and is now one of the best-known and most popu- lar conductors in the service. Mr. Smoker has not wholly escaped the accidents which surround the life of a train man, for in 1892 he slipped from his train and lost four toes from his right foot. William H. Smoker married, March 11, 1875, at Columbia, Miss Anna Reinhart, daughter of the late John and Barbara (Hogentogler) Reinhart, of Columbia. To William H. and Anna (Reinhart) Smoker were born four children, namely : Pacie M.. deceased; James M., a graduate of a business college ; Lewis J. ; and Florence E. In politics Mr. Smoker is a Republican, and himself and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. FRANK K. LEFEVER, one of the industrious and respected citizens of West Lampeter township, Lancaster county, was born on the old homestead in that township, Jan. 10, 1856, where he was reared and educated in the common schools. Remaining at home tintil he was in his thirty-third year he then married and located on the farm where he is still living. It is a farm of sixty-three acres, and is highly cultivated. There Mr. Lefever has made many valuable improvements, both in remodeling and in erecting new buildings. His is a modem and progressive spirit, and he is a lover of law and order. Mr. Lefever was married Nov. 8, 1888, to M. Naomi, a daughter of Jacob R. and Leah Ann (Lan- dis) Buckwalter. She was born in East Lampeter township, April 28, 1866. Mr. and Mrs. Lefever are the parents of two children, Mary and Walter. Mr. and Mrs. Lefever belong to the best people of the county, and are respected alike for their many good qualities and their industrious habits. SAMUEL S. GREIDER, a general farmer in Rapho township, who lives on the old family home- stead, was born on that place, Nov. 10, 1865, a son of M. L. Greider. Samuel S. Greider was reared under the old roof, and educated in the local schools. He was married April 18, 1888, in East Donegal township, to Emily Engle, by whom he had the following fam- ily, Edna E., Mary E. and Mildred E., twins, Alvin E., Minnie E., Rea E., Martin E. and Ruth E. Mrs. Emily (Engle) Greider was born in East Donegal township, Oct. t6, 1866, a daughter of Hiram and Mary (Engle) Engle, both of whom were born and reared in East Donegal township. Her father operated an extensive nursery in East Donegal township, and for some twelve years was very successful in that line. His death occurred in 1873, at the early age of thirty years. He was a school director, and was becoming one of the best- 1306 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY known and influential men of his community. His wife, who was born in 1843, is still living, and makes her home with her son-in-law, Samuel S. Greider. To the father and mother were born the following family: N. Lizzie, the wife of John K. Miller, a photographer in East Donegal township; Alvin, a manufacturer of bicycles in Philadelphia; Emily; Wilson, a bookkeeper for the McDowells paper mills in Philadelphia. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Emily Greider were Daniel and Mary (Kraybill) Engle, both of Lancaster county. Her maternal grandpar- ents were Hervey M. and Eliza (Breneman) Engle, both ^natives of Lancaster county. Hervey was a son of Henry Engle, and was three times married : first to Eliza Breneman, by whom' he had seven children ; second, to Lizzie Musser, by whom he had one child, and third, to Fanny Nissley, by whom he had nine children. Samuel S. Greider remained 'with his parents until he was married, having received his education in the local schools, and being well prepared for the practical labors of life. With his young wife he rented a farm in Rapho township,' on which he re- mained two years, when he returned to the old homestead, where he has lived to the present time. This place comprises 164 acres, and in his hands it is kept to a high pitch of fertility, and presents a fine appearance. In politics he is a Republican, and is numbered among the energetic, thrifty and progressive men of the township. F. M. PIERR, one of the thrifty, well-known and highly esteemed farmer-citizens of Martic township, was born May 5, 1861, son of John and Fannie (Hoover) Herr, of Marticville. John Herr, the father of our subject, was born in 1836, son of Levi and grandson of Menie Herr, who was one of the early settlers of Lancaster county. The family originated in Germany. To John and Fannie Herr was born a family of seven children, nanaely F. M. ; Martha A., the wife of Hiram Hammond, of Mount Nebo ; John C, of West Lam- peter township ; Jacob, Flam, Levi and Ezra, all of Manor township. Mr. Herr was reared on a farm and attended the public schools. He has been interested in farming all his life, and by his industry and good manage- ment has acquired a fine farm of 109 acres which he has improved in a very substantial manner. He is one of the best farmers and most respected citizens of Martic township. On May 15, 1881, ]\Ir. Herr married Miss Re- becca Armstrong, born Dec. i, 1862, daughter of William and Rachael Armstrong, of Mt. Nebo, and this marriage has been blessed with eight children, as follows ; Dora E., Llovd G., John W., Ida B., Amos F., Mary E., Esther 'M. and Thomas H. Mrs. Herr was one o f a family of fourteen children, seven of whoin grew to maturity, these being: Thomas of Martic township ; Mary, the wife of Amos Halt- zinger ; Sarah, the wife of J. M. Drumm ; Isabel, the widow of Harvey McMellon; Rebecca, the wife of Mr, Herr; Emma, the widow of William Swigert, of Lancaster ; Franklin, of Mt. Nebo. The Herr family is one which has long been known in Lancaster county and has always taken part in public matters. John Herr was a member of the 79th P. "V^. I. during the Civil war, from 1863 to 1865. He was a stanch Republican and his son has also always adhered to the principles of that party. F. M. Herr and his family belong to the Mount A^ebo M. E. Church. Mr. Herr is much re- spected in his community and is a very useful citizen. GEORGE SYLVESTER DESCH, one of the leading railroad men of Columbia, Pa., was born in that city, May 10, 1865, and has always been iden- tified with its interests. The father, Joseph G. Desch, was born in Ba- varia, Germany, Sept. 10, 1833, and came to this country with his parents, PhiHp and Mary H. (Herr) Desch, in 185 1, locating in Baltimore, where the latter died in 1875. Philip Desch died in 1870 while on a visit to his native land. His children were John and Peter, who di.ed in Baltimore ; Mary, wife of Leo Bruner, of Germany; Baldser, a traveling agent of that country ; Anthony, who was killed in the battle of Fredericksburg during the Civil war ; Joseph G., father of our subject ; Gertrude, wife of George Smith, of Baltimore ; George, who died in that city ; and Margaret, who married and lived in Baltimore. After spending five years in Baltimore, Joseph G. Desch came to Columbia, Pa., where he engaged in the butcher business nine years, conducted a tavern thirty-six years, and operated a brewery six years, but is now living retired. He is a member of the German Catholic Church and a Democrat in politics. In 1858, in Columbia, he married Caroline Rider, who was born in that city, January 28, 1840, a daugh- ter of Frederick and Elizabeth (Graff) Rider, also natives of Germany, who immigrated to America in early life and were married in Columbia. Her fa- ther, who was a carpet weaver by trade, died in Jan- uary, 1850, her mother in 1890. They were members of the Lutheran and Catholic Churches, respectively. To Joseph G. and C^aroline (Rider) Desch were born the following children : Frederick, who died in 1879; Elizabeth, wife of Edward Bittner, a cigar manufacturer of Columbia; Charles, George and Mary, all of whom died in childhood; George S. ; Carrie, wife of Henry Glotfelder, a clerk of Colum- bia ; Cecelia, at home : Jennie, wife of John Payne, a stove-molder of Columbia; Joseph A., proprietor of the "Exchange Hotel," of Columbia; August, a clerk of that city ; Stella and William, both at home. In 1881 Mr. Desch entered the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company as telegraph oper- ator, but a year later spent six months as fireman on the road, and then was brakeman for three years. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 130T- During the following twelve years he was again em- ployed as fireman, and in January, 1900, was pro- moted to engineer, in which capacity he is now serv- mg the company to their entire satisfaction. In re- ligious belief he- is a Catholic, and in his political affiliations is a Ddmocrat. At Columbia Mr. Desch was married, Oct. 19, 1886, to Miss Barbara Mulligan, and by this union seven children have been born, viz.: George F., Charles.]., Edward J., Emma E., Carrol Leo, Mary C. and Joseph A. Mrs. Desch was born in Safe Harbor, Lancaster county, Oct. 5, 1867, a daughter of Joseph and Susan (Young) Mulligan, also natives of Safe Harbor, where the father was bom in 1844 and still continues to live. By occupation he is a farmer. The mother, who was a consistent and faith- ful member of the M. E. Church, died in 1876, at the age of thirty-five years. In their' family were nine children, namely : Henry and Martha, both de- ceased; Elmer, a railroad brakeman of Columbia; Frank, a resident of Illinois ; Barbara, now Mrs. Desch ; Emma, wife of Carroll Foster, a bookkeeper of Williamsport, Md. ; Milton and Howard, both bakers of Erie, Pa. ; and Miles, a resident of Colum- bia. Mrs. Desch's paternal grandparents, Richard and Rachel Miilligari, lived and died in Lancaster county, Pa. : the grandfather was a shoemaker by trade. The maternal grandparents, Jacob and Rachel (Munder) Young, were natives of York county. Pa., and on coming to Lancaster county, located in Safe Harbor, where they spent the remainder of their lives. Mr. Young followed the tailor's trade. THOMAS E. CONLEY is one of the men whose success in life is due entirely to their own unaided efforts, for at the early age of twelve years he com- menced earning his own livelihood and has ever since been dependent upon his own resources. He has worked his way steadily upward, and is to-day holding the responsible position of assistant yard- master for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company at Columbia, Pennsylvania. Mr. Conley was born in that city, Dec. 21, 1855, a son of Michael C. and Martha (Heaps) Conley. The father was a native of Philadelphia and a son of the Conley who came to this country from Ireland and first located in Philadelphia, but spent his last vears in Pittsburg, Pa. Martha (Heaps) Conley was born in Harford county, Md., of which her par- ents, Abraham and Jane (Allen) Heaps, were life- long residents. Her father was a blacksmith by trade. Michael C. Conley, father of our subject, came to Columbia in 1847, and for some years was employed as police officer by the Pennsylvania Rail- road Company, entering their employ on the organ- ization of the'companv. In his early days he was a brakeman on the old 'State road, and was superin- tendent of the O'Connor line of that road. He also engaged in boating on the river between Pittsburg and Columbia. He died Aug. 28, 1872, aged sixty- three vears, and his wife passed away Aug. 18, 1886, aged sixty-two. In religious belief he was a Cath- olic, while she was a Presbyterian. Their children were: Elizabeth, wife of Andrew Grandy, of Co- lumbia; James, Michael C, Jr., and James (2), all dfceased ; Thomas E. ; and A. Eugene P., a farmer ol Kleinville, Lancaster county. Thomas E. Conley commenced clerking in a gro- cery store at the age of twelve^ years, and was thus employed for two years. He was next a telegraph operator with the Pennsylvania Railroad Company from 1870 until 1890, and in the latter year was made assistant yard master, in which capacity he is still employed by the company. He is a member of the Catholic Church and of St. Patrick's Society, and in political sentiment is a Democrat. On Nov. 26, 1889, in Columbia, Mr. Conley mar- ried Miss Edith A. Davidson, and they have become the parents of two children, Mary T. and Agnes, the latter now deceased. The family have a large circle of friends and acquaintances and are held in high esteem by all who know them. Mrs. Conley was born in New York City, Sept. I, 1864, a daughter of William and Henrietta (Lutz) Davidson, natives of Mifflin and Lancaster counties. Pa., respectively. Her paternal grandparents, Sam- uel and Agnes (Werly) Davidson, always made their home in Mifflin county, where the grandfather was employed as a boat builder. Her maternal grandpar- ents, William F. and Mary (Galligar) Lutz, were natives of Baltimore, Md., and Millersville, Pa., respectively. Mr. Lutz was an early settler of Lan- caster county, and continued to make his home there ■ throughout the remainder of his life. When a young man, Mrs. Conley's father worked in furnaces, but later followed farming and was employed as watch- man at Bruner's coal yard in Columbia, in which city he located in 1865. Here he died Sept. 22, 1892, at the age of sixty years, but his wife, who was born Nov. 18, 1841, is still a resident of Columbia. She is a devout member of the Catholic Church. Mrs. Conley was the oldest of their children, the others being: Mary A., deceased; Ellen E., who is with her mother; William J., deceased; Henrietta F., who died in infancy ; Amlarose V., a machinist in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company at Altoona, Pa. ; and Samuel B. and Lucy R., both with their mother. CHRISTIAN G. GARBER, a farmer, tobacco grower and wholesale dealer in milk, resides on a farm in West Hempfield township, adjoining the one on which he was born, Oct. 20, i860, in Lan- caster county. Christian G. Garber faithfully assisted his par- ents, Andrew and Susan M. (Greider) Garber, un- til he attained his majority; on becoming of age Christian G. was married, and having taken a help- meet, also took upon himself the responsibility of managing the homestead, which he cultivated two years on his own account. From the homestead Christian G. removed to Manor township, and for 1308 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY two years leased the old John Landis farm, after which he removed to Mountville, and for three years was there engaged in the tobacco trade. Mr. Gar- ter then returned to his present farm, which is a part of the old homestead, and now has the management of both tracts, which comprise in all 200 acres.' " On Sept. 22, 1 88 1, Christian G. Garber married in Mountville, at the home of the bride, Anna M. Kaufman, and to this union have been born three bright children, Maud K., Roy K. and Mary K. Mrs. Anna M. (Kaufman) Garber was born in Manor township, Lancaster county, in 1863, and is a daughter of Isaac H. Kaufman, deceased. Christian G. Garber is widely connected with the fraternal orders having lodges in his county, and among these are lodge No. 876, I. O. O. F., at Co- lumbia; Ridgely encampment, No. 217, at Lancas- ter; camp No. 25, I. O. F., at Lancaster; Jr. O. U. A. M., at Mountville, No. 65, and the Mystic Chain at Mountville. In politics Mr. Garber is a Republican and has been a school director for the past three years. As a business man he has been upright and conse- quently successful, and he is moreover a skilled agriculti:rist and tobacco grower. Socially, the family, being one of the oldest in the county, is held in great respect, and the individual merits of its members have greatly enhanced the esteem to which they naturally fall heirs. ISAAC L. AUVERTER, the favorite dealer in groceries, dry-goods and notions in Columbia, Pa., was born in that town, Nov. 30, 1852, a son of Jacob and Sarah (Patterson) Auverter, the former of whom was a native of Lancaster county, Pa., and the latter of Ireland, both being now deceased. Jacob Auverter was a millwright by trade, and in his earlier days was a foreman of a gang of car- penters on the old State road. In 1846 he came to Columbia and in 1850 his family arrived here. After the sale of the State road to the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, Mr. Auverter worked for the latter until 1861, after which he worked for Supplee & Bro., as pattern maker until his death, which oc- curred in 1883, at the age of seventy-two years ; his widow died in 1891, aged eighty-seven. The re- mains of both lie side by side in the Skelton Park cemetery at Columbia. They were devout members of the First Lutheran Church. Their children were : Hiram, who received a wound in the war of the Rebellion and died from the effects of it at home in 1865 : Jerome, who died from a disease contracted during the same war ; Rachel, who died unmarried ; Taylor, foreman of a machine shop at Braddock, Pa. ; Anna E., making her home with Isaac L., who is the youngest of the family. The paternal grandparents of Isaac L. Auverter were Leonard and Anna (Hoover) Auverter, the former a Franco-German, who settled in Souders- burg, Pa., in 1807, where he was in business as a butcher for fifteen years, and then became a drover in Canada, where he died in 1842, at the age of seventy years. The marriage of Isaac L. Auverter took place in Columbia, Nov. i, 1882, to Miss Sue Witmer, bom in Safe Harbor, Lancaster county-, Pa., March i, i860, a daughter of Jacob R. and Susan (Miller) Witmer, who now reside in Columbia, where Mr. Witmer conducts a machine shop and foundry. To the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Auverter have been born four children, viz., Anna, Clara, Taylor W. and Andrew M., all still under the parental roof. The business career of Mr. Auverter began when he was nineteen years old, at which age he began learning pattern-making; after finishing his apprenticeship he worked at his trade ten years for the Columbia Agricultural Works, of which he was made foreman at the end of three months. In 1878 and 1879, in partnership with Frank Allison, he conducted a boot, shoe and notion store in Wrights- ville, although he continued to make Columbia his home, and in 1894 engaged in his present business there. In politics Mr. Auverter is a Republican and was a school director from 1882 until 1892; in February, 1900, he was elected to the town council, in which he is chairman of the Fire committee and is a mem- ber of the committees on Finance and Law and Or- der. Fraternally he is a member of the I. O. O. F., the Artisans and the A. & I. O. ; in religion he is a Methodist, being prominent as a member of the First M. E. Church of Columbia. WILLIAM W. REAM. The planning and the erection of dwellings were among the earliest arts that engaged the attention and aroused the inventive genius of man, he even in his primitive day finding it necessary to secure shelter from the inclem- ency of the elements in the more rigorous latitudes of the earth and a retreat from the sun's rays in the torrid parts of the habitable globe, and it is an art that will give employment to the skillful mechanic, and particularly the carpenter, as long as man has an abiding place in a civilized community, so that he who would become an architect even of the humblest class is wise in making choice of a voca- tion that is ever as enduring indeed as that of agri- culture itself. Such was the choice of WiUiam W. Ream. Mr. Ream was born in Salisbury township, Lan- caster county, June 3, 1862, a son of John and Mary A. (Trego) Ream, the former of whom, a farmer, was born in January, 1832, and the latter in 1834; both are still living in Alert, in their native town- ship of Salisbury, the parents of seven children, viz. : Martin, who died at the age of two and one-half years : William W. ; John E., i farmer in Salisbury township: Sarah, who died when two years old; Dollie, wife of George Myers, of Salisbury town- ship ; Frankie, who also died at the age of two years ; and Aaron, a carpenter, still at home. The parents of John Ream were residents of Juniata county, and BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1309 those of Mrs. Mary A. Ream, Robert and Dorothy (Ely) Trego, were of Lancaster and Chester coun- ties, respectively. William W. Ream at the age of nine years tem- porarily parted with his parents and for four years made his home with his grandfather Trego ; he then returned to his father, for whom he worked three years, thoroughly learning the carpenter's trade ; he next served an apprenticeship of four years under John Diem, a wheelwright; he then purchased his present village property, on which he erected his dwelling and carpenter shop, and there has been en- gaged in contracting, building and working at job- work ever since, and, being an expert in every branch of his trade, has met with the most flattering success. In Salisbury township, Feb. 7, 1884, William W. Ream was united in marriage with Miss Mar- garet J. Cooper, who was born in Salisbury town- ship in 1859, a daughter of William and Caroline (Steely) Cooper, who were born in Chester and Lancaster counties, respectively. William Cooper was a prominent farmer and a man of considerable influence in his neighborhood, and died June 3, 1900, at the age of about seventy years, his remains being buried in Pequea cemetery. Mrs. Caroline (Steely) Cooper was born Jan. 21, 1830, and is the mother of three children : Leah C, wife of Bart Smith, a farmer, in Salisbury township ; Mary E., married to John E. Ream, brother of William W. Ream; and Margaret J., now Mrs. William W. Ream. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Margaret J. (Cooper) Ream were Nabeth and Jane (Blair) Cooper, of Lancaster county, and her maternal grandparents were Thomas and Caroline (Montgomery) Steely, of Chester county. The marriage of William W. and Margaret J. (Cooper) Ream has been blessed with three children, two of whom still survive, John C. and Edwin M. ; the youngest child, Helen C, was called away at the age of five years. Mr. Ream is a member of the Jr. O. U. A. M. In politics he is a Republican, but has never been an office seeker. He is of a very genial disposition and one of the most popular young men in Salis- bury township, where he is sincerely respected for his strictly upright walk through life, his word never having been impeached and his business reputation standing without a flaw. JOHN W. ROBINSON. The late John W. Robinson, formerly one of the most enterprising and successful native-born farmers of Salisbury town- ship, Lancaster county. Pa., had his nativity on the homestead on which his widow and children still reside, was born July 3, 1853, devoted all his life to agriculture and was most untimely called from earth, Jan. 20, 1896, his remains being interred in the Pe- quea Presbyterian cemetery. His parents, William and Racliel (Wallace) Robinson, were respectively natives of Salisbury township, Lancaster county, and Chester countv. Pa., but were born on adjoining farms, the county line separating the two home- steads. William Robinson was born March 4, 1821, and died Feb. 20, 1893 ; his wife, Rachel, daughter pf Rev. John and Isabella (Gault) Wallace, was borrk March 6, 1821, and now resides in Strasburg, Pa. Her father was the pastor of the Pequea Church for more than thirty years. William Robinson was a successful farmer and attained a very prominent po- sition in the community in which he lived, winning the respect of all who knew him. To William and Rachel (Wallace) Robinson were born four chil- dren, namely : Belle, widow of Edward Worrall and a resident of Strasburg, Pa. ; John W. ; William, who died when eight years old ; and R. Anna, a young lady, also living in Strasburg. The Robinson family are of Irish origin and about the close of the American Revolution three brothers and one sister, members of the family, came from the north of Ireland to malce their homes in Amer- ica. The sister here married a Mr. Renney, and two of the brothers purchased farms in East Nantmeal township, Chester county. Pa. ; Hugh, the youngest of the three located in Dauphin county, and there married, in 1784, Jane Wilson, a native, and shortly afterwards purchased at sheiiff's sale, a tract of 300 acres of land near Cambridge, in Salisbury town- , ship, Lancaster countv, where he passed the remain- der of his life, dying in 1800. His children numbered twelve, five sons and seven daughters, of whom two sons died in infancy and three reached maturity. William Robinson, the eldest of the three sons who attained maturity, died in 1833 ; Hugh married Martha Stanley, settled near Cambridge, and had born to him, James, who died young, and Susannah, who was married to William Torbit and passed away, leaving one son, Joseph ; Mary was married to Isaac Buchanan, a farmer ; Ellen became the wife of John Rambo, a miller ; Jane married Alexander Mar- tin ; Agnes was married to Samuel Black, a farmer ; Margaret, Betty, and Martha remained single and died well advanced in years, and John married Isa- bella Gait, settled in Salisbury township, and had born to him two sons and three daughters. He was born Aug. 11, 1780, and died May 4, 1861. He served in the war of 1812 as captain, was elected justice of the peace in 1825, and in 1829 was elected a member of the State Legislature, in which he served with distinction and to the entire satisfaction of his constituents. In 1830 he was selected as ruling elder in the Presbyterian Church of Pequea, a po- sition he filled with untiring zeal and fidelity until the end. His property still remains in the family. On Dec. 28, 1882, John W. Robinson was joined in matrimony in Camden, N. J., with Miss Annie J. Cross, who became the mother of his four children, born in the following order; William W., John W., Ethel A. and Margaret. Mrs. Annie J. Robinson was born in Salem. Juniata Co., Pa., and is a daughter of John W., and Eleanor C. (Woodward) Cross, the former of whom was a farmer and a gallant soldier 1310 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY of the Civil war, who was not permitted, however, to "like a soldier fall" but died on board the transport Knickerbocker of that fell disorder, typhoid fever. He was a private in the S3rd P. V. I., from Chester county. In his last sickness, feeling that dissolution was about to take place, he reached his hand beneath his pillow and drew forth a daguerreotype, and un- clasping the case, gazed, with dim eyes on the linea- ments of his wife and two children. As death drew near, he handed the case to a Washington (Pa.) soldier, with the request that he tell her that it was the last thing he had looked upon and that they were the last earthly objects of his thoughts. To John W. and Eleanor Cross were born two children, namely; Annie J., Mrs. Robinson, and Mary E., wife of Dr. J. H. MacCreary, superintend- ent of Pittston Hospital. Mrs. Cross was next mar- ried to H. Wilson Robinson, and this union was crowned with four children, viz. : Charles W., of Dorian's Mills, Chester county; and Alexandria, John L., and Bernette, all three deceased. The mother of these two families was taken away in Oc- tober, 1899, aged sixty-one years ; she was a member of the Presbyterian Church. The late John W. Robinson was also a member of the Presbyterian Church, was in politics an active member of the Republican party, and fraternally was an Odd Fellow until his marriage, when he became non-affiliating. He was one of the most upright of men, a fond husband and an indulgent father, and an excellent provider for his family, hisi widow now occupying a delightful home, furnished with every convenience, including steam heat. He was public- spirited, charitable, and popular; was honored for his many personal merits and fine qualities of head and heart ; and his loss was deeply deplored, not only by his immediate family, but by a host of warm- hearted and unfeigned friends who in his lifetime had had an opportunity of becoming familiar with his sterling attributes. FRANK ROTEHORN is in the prime of man- hood, having been born Nov. 24, 1855, at Lancaster. He comes of sturdy Dutch stock, both his parents having been born in Holland, of a race which has suffered much in the cause of religious freedom, and which is closely united by ties of consanguinity to the Boers of South Africa, who have made such a heroic fight for independence against the best drilled troops of the British Empire. John Rotehorn, father of Frank, married a Miss Bonson, and shortly after their marriage they im- migrated to America, settling in Lancaster county, where thev remained. until their death, he dying in 1866, at the age of fifty-two, and she two years later, in her fifty-third year. He was a teamster, who won universal respect through his industry, sobriety and probity. Frank Rotehorn is the only one of their four children yet living. The first born died on the passage to America, and two others also died in in- fancy. Young Frank remained in Lancaster until he reached his thirteenth year, when, being an orphan, he went to Columbia to find a home with his guard- ian, Albert Bonson, his uncle. Mr. Bonson was a bottler, and his nephew worked with him in this business until he reached his majority. When he reached the age of twenty-one he purchased a canal boat and for a time carried freight between Nanticoke and Baltimore. The venture, however, did not prove as successful as he had hoped, and after one experimental season he abandoned it to tal^e the position of a brakeman with the Pennsyl- vania Company. After twelve years of faithful service he was prompted to be a flagman, and in the autumn of 1892 he was given charge of a train as conductor. Pie is a member of the Order of Rail- way Conductors, of the Pa. Relief Association, and politically is a Democrat. Frank Rotehorn was married in April, 1877, to Miss Barbara Stockum. Their only child, Bertie, died at the age of thirteen. Mrs. Rotehorn was born at Lancaster, March 29, 1855. Her parents, John and Elizabeth (Metrode) Stockum, were natives of Germany. Both crossed the water in 1852, and their marriage was solemnized at Lancaster. John Stock- um was a gardener and died at Chickies, having been struck by a railway train Aug. 28, 1894. Mrs. Stockum, who was born July 7, 1833, is still living at Columbia : she is a devout, practical Catholic, as was also her husband. Mrs. Rotehorn was their old- est child ; the next in order of birth was Elizabeth, who married George Weber, of Allegheny ; Andrew lives at Covington, Ky. ; Charles, George, Frank and Charlotte are deceased; Edward lives at Sparrow's Point, Md., while Mary and Ann, both of whom are unmarried, reside with their mother. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Rotehorn were Christopher and Catherine Stockum, of Ger? many, and her maternal grandparents were Andrew and Barbara C. Metrode, also of Germany. The last-named died on the sea, when on her way to America. PATRICK J. MACK. The motto "merit al- ways commands its reward" is exemplified in the career of Patrick John Mack, who is now most effi- ciently serving as assistant yard master for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company at Columbia. Mr. Mack was born in Annville, Lebanon Co., Pa., Aug. 4, 1855, a son of James and Joanna (Kirvy) Mack, natives of County Limerick, Ire- land, who came to America when ypung and were married in New York City. In 1863 they took up their residence in Columbia, Pa., where the father was employed as a laborer by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company until his death, which occurred in January, 190Q, when he was seventy vears of age. The mother, who was born in 1835, is still living and continues to make her home in Columbia. She is a devout member of the Catholic Church, to which her husband also belonged. They were the parents BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1311 of SIX children, namely : Maggie, wife of Patrick Kehoe, of Columbia; Patrick J.; Ellen, at home; Daniel, a machinist of Columbia ;' James, deceased ; and Anna, at home. Patrick J. Mack was only eight years old on the removal of the family to Columbia, where he was reared and educated. At the age of fifteen he com- menced clerking in a grocery store, where he was employed for two years, and held a similar position m another store for five years. Subsequently he worked for a year and a half in a machine shop, and then operated a stationary engine for a year, after which he was employed as a slate mantle polisher for four years. In 1877 Mr. Mack became identified with the repairing corps of the Pennsylvania Rail- road Company; from 1879 until 1882 he served as extra brakeman, was flagman the following year, then conductor until 1893, and assistant yard master at Columbia since that time. It will thus be seen that he has gradually worked his way upward to his present responsible position, having always dis- charged his duties in a most commendable and satis- factory manner. Religiously he is a communicant of the Catholic Church, and politically is identified with the Democratic party. In Columbia, Nov. 15, 1882, Mr. Mack was united in marriage with Miss Mary Jane Conley, and to them have been born four children, namely, Mary, Ella, Theresa and Cecelia. Mrs. Mack was born in Wrightsville, York Co., Pa., Nov. 15, 1856, a daughter of John and Sarah (Dalton) Conley, who were born, reared and married in Ireland, where they continued to reside until 1848, which year witnessed their immigration to America. They located in Wrightsville, Pa., where they made their home until the father was drowned in the Susque- hanna river in 1857, at the age of forty years. Later the mother came to Columbia, where she departed this life in September, 1900, at the age of seventy- nine. To them were born three children, but John and Bridget are both deceased, leaving only Mrs. Mack living at the present time. JOHN R. HERR, one of the leading farmers of Providence township, was born in Leacock town- ship, Lancaster county, son of Henry H. and Mag- dalena (Buckwalter) Herr, of Leacock township, and a grandson of Henry. Abraham Herr, the great-grandfather of John R., was one of the early settlers of Lancaster county. The family has been one of agriculturists, and Henry Herr, son of Abraham, was a well-known farmer of this county,' who became the father of a numerous family which has intermarried with very many of the other old and honorable families of the county, a kinship existing among many of them and the old names honorably perpetuated. The twelve children of Henry Herr were as follows: Barbara, Lvdia, Susan, Mary, Annie, Hattie, Mar- tha, Elizabeth, Henry H., Abraham, Ezra and Amos. Henry H. Herr, father of John R., married Miss Martha Buckwalter, of East Lampeter township. They had eight children, namely: Enos, John R., Henry H., Annie, Ida, Walter (deceased), Martha and Aaron. John R. Herr, of this sketch, early displayed a taste for the farming life in which he has been so successful. As soon as he. finished his educational course in the common schools of his district he began operating a farm, prospering yearly, so that although he began with limited means he is now the fortunate owner of a fine lOO-acre farm in Providence township, which is supplied with ex- cellent buildings and conveniences. In politics he is identified with the Republican party. Both he and family belong to the Mennonite Church. Mr. Herr was united in the bonds of marriage with Miss Mary E. Huber, a daughter of Jonas Huber and a descendant of one of the most re- spected families in the county. This marriage has been blessed with four children, namely: Elmer, Clarence (deceased), John and Ira C. Mr. Herr stands as one of the honorable and upright citizens of Providence township, reliable in business, con- sistent in religion and devoted to home and family. FREDERICK H. BRANDT. About a half cetftury ago, or in 1852, one of the many German emigrants who left the Fatherland to seek a new home in America was Peter Brandt. He was bom in Hessen, Germany, Aug. 31, 1808, the son of Michael and Minnie (Klick) Brandt. Michael Brandt was a farmer and linen weaver by occupation and died in 1813 at the age of forty years, leaving a widow and a family of small children. The widow survived many years, dying at the age of sixty. Peter Brandt was reared in his native land and there mar- ried Mary Hartman, who was born Feb. 20, 1820, the daughter of Michael and Margaret (Freind) Hartman. Michael Hartman was by trade a weaver and died in Germany in 1840, aged sixty-three years. His widow migrated to America and died in Lan- caster county in 1853, aged sixty-five years, leaving four children, Henry, George, Eva and Mary, of whom the latter, wife of Peter Brandt, is now the only survivor. When Peter Brandt came to America in 1852 he settled on Chestnut Hill, West Hempfield township, Lancaster county. Pa., where he has since remained. He and his wife have been lifelong and consistent members of the Lutheran Church, and they now live in retirement with their only surviv- ing son, Frederick H., in West Hempfield township. To Peter and Mary Brandt were born two sons, Michael and Frederick H. Michael enlisted in Co. E, 79th P. V. I., in 1861 and was mortally wounded at ihe battle of Stone River, dying in the hospital at Nashville, Tennessee. Frederick H. Brandt, the only surviving son, now a prominent farmer, gardener and florist of West Hempfield township, was born in Hessen, Ger- many, July 31, 1849, and was a child of three years 1312 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY when brought to America by his parents. He was reared in Lancaster township and in his early life acquired the sterling traits of industry and integrity which, combined with excellent judgment, have won for him a notable success in life. He married Oct. 8, 1874, in Columbia, Miss Louise Stradtman, who was born in Chestnut Hill, West Hempfield township, Nov. 23, 1856, daughter of Henry and Minnie (Stube) Stradtman. Her parents were natives of Germany, but became ac- quainted and married in Lancaster county. Henry Stradtman was a carpenter by trade and his family consisted of the following children : Henry, a mer- chant of Columbia; Louise, wife of Frederick H. Brandt; Lena, wife of John Whiteroth, a farmer of Manheim township; Amelia, wife of John Har- neiser, a railroad clerk of Columbia ; Susan, wife of Amos Auxer of Manor township ; William, a printer of Lancaster; Mary, wife of George Seiple, a rail- road engineer of Columbia ; and Eeter, of Lancaster. Henry Stradtman, the father, died in 1889, aged sixty-eight years ; his wife survived until 1894, pass- ing away at sixty-three years of age. To Frederick H. and Louise (Stradtman) Brandt were boin the following children: Henry F., who married Kate E. Miller and is engaged in farming in West Hempfield township; Emma, of Lancaster ; John, a farmer ; Martin, Susan, MicHkel, Amelia, Anna and Carl, all at home ; and Frederick, deceased. In politics Frederick H. Brandt is a Democrat. He and his family are prominent members of the Lutheran Church. He has been a farmer through life, remaining with his parents until 1888, when he purchased the home farm. Since then the parents have lived with him. He is a progressive farmer and ha.', met with abundant success. Besides conducting a general farming business he is a "trucker" and florist and is deeply interested in these latter special- ties, being a recognized authority in floriculture. His interest in business affairs extends, however, beyond his immediate occupation and he is regarded gener- ally by the many who know him as a man of keen perception, rare judgment, and progressive ideas. ELWOOD P. GARRETT, the genial and popu- lar express, freight and passenger agent at Chris- tiana, Pa., was bom in Peach Bottom, Lancaster county, April 10, 1854, and is a son of Edwin and Sarah T. (Masson) Garrett. The father was born in Goshen, Chester county, and the mother in Philadelphia, where they were married. Jan. i, 1869, they began their residence in Christiana, M'here the husband was appointed the local agent for the Pennsylvania Railroad, a position he held until 1895, when he resigned on account of the infirmities of advancing age. In his earlier life he was a farmer, and had a saw-mill at Peach Bottom, which he operated for five years, and then for a time had a hotel at Quarryville. After three years at that point, he had a hotel at Green Tree, which he carried on for seven years, and then for three years farmed at Steelville. From that point he carne to a farm in Sadsbury township, which he cultivated until 1869, when he came to Christiana as noted above. Edwin Garrett has long been a member of the Masonic fraternity, and is a faithful and devoted Presbyterian, as is also his wife. In Bart township he was school director and justice of the peace; and supervisor in Salisbury township. He is a Democrat. He was bom in November, 1821, and his wife in December, 1822. Born to this union were Edwin L., deceased ; Elwood P. ; Emma L., who is the widow of Charles Senior, and lives in Reading, Pa. Nathan Garrett was the paternal grandfather of Elwood P. The wedding ceremonies of Elwood P. Garrett and Maggie B. Miller were celebrated Nov. 7, 1873, in Middletown. Born to this happy union were the following, Edwin L., Charles M., Raymond P. and Helen B. Mrs. Miller, who was born in Middle- town, died in February, 1896, at the age of thirty- eight years, leaving behind her precious memories as a devoted wife and mother. She was a daughter of Harry and Catherine Miller. Her father was born in Dauphin county, and her mother in New Holland. Elwood P. Garrett began the carpenter trade,, and served an apprenticeship at it in Lancaster from 1871 to 1873, when he engaged in a planing mill in Middletown, Dauphin county, and worked there eight years. In September, 1881, he came to Chris- tiana and was employed in a warehouse until 1895, that year being appoifited as the local agent of the Pennsylvania Railroad, and it is not too much to- say that to the present time the arduous and com- plicated duties of his position have been discharged entirely to the satisfaction not only of the road but also to the comfort and welfare of the general pub- lic, who find in him a most accommodating and" courteous official. Mr. Garrett belongs to the I. O. O. F. at Atglen, and to the Knights of the Golden Eagle of Chris- tiana. He is a member of the Methodist Church, as was also his lamented wife. In politics he takes, strong Prohibition ground, and generally is a man of high character and lofty principles. ABRAHAM PELEN, one of the leading rail- road men residing in Columbia, Pa., shows in his successful career what can be accomplished through- individual effort. From the age of eleven years he has been dependent upon hip own resources, and, being industrious, enterprising and ambitious, he has. met with well-deserved success. Mr. Pelen was born in Columbia, June 10, i860, a son of Henry and Hannah P. (Free) Pelen, the former a native of Strasburg, Lancaster county, the latter of Chester county. Pa. His paternal grand- father, Chaney Pelen, spent his entire life in Stras- burg. At an early day Henry Pelen removed to Columbia, whare he made his home until 1875, and' BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1313 then went to Harrisburg, Pa., residing there until called from this life in July, 1896, at the age of sev- eijty-five years. During his earlier years he was an engineer on the old State road, and on leaving the employ of the company, he engaged in the grocery business, first in Columbia and later in Harrisburg. His wife died in the latter city in January, 1900, at the age of seventy-five. Both were earnest members of the United Brethren Church, and were highly respected and esteemed by all who knew them. Their children were : Chaney, Gustave and Martha J., all deceased; Anna, wife of Harry Sourbeer, a stone cutter, of Harrisburg ; Abraham ; and Harry, a painter of Harrisburg. On starting out in life for himself at the age of eleven years, Abraham Pelen worked at anything which he could find to do until Oct. 20, 1879, when he entered the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad ais brakeman. Five years later he was made flag- man, in which capacity he served for two years, was fireman eight years and six months, and on May 11, 1892, was promoted to engineer, in which capacity he is now employed. Mr. Pelen was married in Columbia in Febru- ary, 1884, to Miss Minnie Neiman, and to them were born two children, Ivy M. and John N. Mrs. Pelen was born in Columbia, and died in that city Dec. 9, 1898, at the age of thirty-three years. Her parents were John and Kate (Hogentogler) Nei- man, the former a native of Middletown, Dauphin Co., Pa., the latter of Lancaster county. Her father served as first sergeant in the war of the Rebellion under Capt. Fisher. He came to Columbia in 1855 and was employed by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company as engineer until his death, Feb. 16, 1873, when he was thirty-seven years of age. He left four children, namely: Minnie, deceased wife of Mr. Pelen; Sarah, wife of F. C. Brink, an engineer on the Pennsylvania Railroad and a resi- dent of Philadelphia; Charles, deceased; and EfHe, wife of W. S. Broomal, an engineer on the Penn- sylvania Railroad and a resident of Harrisburg. The mother afterward married William Collins, who still resides in Harrisburg, but she died Jan. 9, 1896, at the age of fifty-three years. By this union there were three children: Walter B., a printer, of Co- lumbia; A. May, a resident of Philadelphia; and Maud E., a resident of Harrisburg. Mr. Pelen is a member of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and a supporter of the Re- publican party. He is quite a popular and influ- ential man, and his genial, pleasant manner makes him many friends among all classes of citizens. MRS. MARY A. (BARD) BUCH was born in Ephrata township, Lancaster county, a daughter of George and Catherine (Weidler) Bard, of Lancas- ter county, both of whom have passed away, and their ashes are reposing in the Lancaster cemetery. George Bard was a farmer in his earlier life, and in 1856 engaged in a mercantile business with his son 83 for four years, when he retired. He died in 1873, at the age of sixty-iive years, his wife dying in i860, at the age of forty-six. They had the following chil- dren: Reuben W., a retired merchant of Lincoln, Pa. ; Mary A. ; Susan, who died young ; and Kray- bill, deceased. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Buch were George and Elizabeth (Swope) Bard, both of Lan- caster county, where they led a farming life. Philip Bard, her grpat-grandfather, was born in Hesse, Germany, and was an early settler in Lancaster county. John and Susan (Gonter) Weidler, her mother's people, were farming people of Lancaster county. In August, 1862, in Lancaster, Miss Mary A. Bard was married to the late Jonathan B. Btich, by whom she became the mother of four children, as follows : Ada, wife of George W. Hoffer, of Eliza- bethtown; Kate, who married Simon A. Rutt, a West Donegal farmer; Laura E., wife of H. H. Nissley, of Elizabe'thtown ; and Bard, a machinist in Philadelphia. Mrs. Buch is a highly esteemed mem- ber of the community in which she lives, where al- most her entire life has been passed. She is kind- hearted and charitable, and is greatly beloved by those who know her best. SHERIDAN D. FISHER, a well-known engi- neer in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, and a highly respected citizen of Colum- bia, Pa., was born in that city, June 5, 1866, a son of David R. and Margaret J. (Welsh) Fisher, also na- tives of Lancaster county, the -former born in Mt. Joy, the latter in Columbia. The father, David R., was only two years old when, in 1842, he came to Columbia with his parents, George and Anna (Strickler) Fisher, of Mt. Joj', who died in Columbia. The grandfather had prcr viously engaged in farming, but in Columbia he con- ducted a tavern and engaged in the manufacture of cigars. His children were Harriet, wife of Lawrence Balser, of Minnesota : George and Henry, both sol;- diers in the Civil war; Christian; Anna, wife of Henry Mann; Elizabeth, wife of a Mr. Harris; Mary ; Sarah, widow of Daniel Chaffant and a resi- dent of Columbia, Pa. ; Reuben ; John, a cigar manu^ facturer of York, Pa. ; and David R., father of Sheri- dan D. All are now deceased with the exception o£ Harriet, Sarah and John. David R. Fisher grew to manhood in Columbia, and there he was married in 1864 to Margaret J. Welsh, a daughter of David and Barbara (Heck) Welsh. Her father was born in Columbia, in Au- gust, 1822, and continued to make his home there until i8q8, since which time he has lived retired with a son in Philadelphia. By occupation he was a car maker, and is a member of the United Brethren Church, to which his wife also belonged. She was born in York county. Pa., and died in Columbia, in Ma}', 1863, at the age of thirty-six years. Mrs. Fisher, was the oldest of their children, the others 1314 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY being : James, deceased ; Samuel, an engineer in the Susquehanna Rolhng Mill at Columbia; David, a railroad conductor of Harrisburg; John, a switch- man of Philadelphia; Scott and Benjamin, who are employed in the rolling mill at Columbia; William, station agent on the Pennsylvania Railroad at Spring Mill, Pa. The maternal great-grandparents of Sheridan D. Fisher were Henry and Jane Welsh, who died in Columbia. In early life David R. Fisher worked in a fur- nace, but when the Civil war broke out he laid aside all personal interests to enter the service of his coun- try, enlisting first in 1861 for six months, under Col. Welsh, and on the expiration of that time re- enlistmg for three years or during the war in the 20th I^a. Cav. Fortunately he was never wounded, and when the war ended was honorably discharged, July 22, 1865. Returning to his home in Columbia, he was in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, first as brakeman and later as baggage- master, and for the last twelve years of his life was switchman. He was discharging the duties of that position when killed, Dec. 21, 1888, at the age of forty-eight years. He was a consistent and faith- ful member of the United Brethren Church, and an honored member of the Grand Army of the Republic and the Improved Order of Red Men. In all the re- lations of life he was found true to every trust re- posed in him, and merited and received the confi- dence and esteem of his fellow citizens in a marked degree. His estimable wife, who was born Feb. 25, 1846, is still living and makes her home with Sheri- dan D., their oldest child. The other children are : Mary, at home ; Anna, wife of Harry Shank, fire- man on the Pennsylvania Railroad and a resident of Columbia; and Charles, a resident of Philadelphia. . Sheridan D. Fisher was reared and educated in Columbia, and there he was married, Jan. 20, 1887, to Araminta Frey, by whom he has had five chil- dren : Vernetta F., deceased ; William R. ; Greta ; Cleon H. ; and Amy E. Mrs. Fisher was born in Danville, Pa., Aug.' 10, 1865, a daughter of Frank- lin and Amanda (Constant) Frey. Her father was a native of York county. Pa., born Oct. 10, 1840, and a son of one of the Freys of Freysville, that county, where the grandfather engaged in farming throughout his life. Her mother was born in Dan- ville, Aug. 15, 1846, a daughter of Ephraim Con- stant, who married a Miss Thompson, farming peo- ple and lifelong residents of that place. Mrs. Fish- er's parents came to Columbia, in 1874, and here they still reside. The father was formerly employed as filler in a furnace, but is now connected with the rolling mill. Both he and his wife are earnest mem- bers of the United Brethren Church. Their chil- dren are: Araminta, now Mrs. Fisher; Coleman H., a flagman of Columbia ; Alford C, a brakeman of that place; Maggie L., wife of Jacob Buck, a flagman of Columbia ; William H., who is engaged in the rolling mill of that place; and Charles W., deceased. At the age of sixteen years Mr. Fisher com- menced work in the rolling mill, where he was em- ployed for three years, and then entered the service of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company as brake- man. Three years later he accepted a position as fireman, and in April, 1900, was promoted to engi- neer, in which capacity he is now serving the road. He is an active member of the Brotherhood of Lo- comotive Firemen, No. 252 ; the Relief Association ; the Knights of the Maccabees; and the United Brethren Church. In his political views he is a Re- publican and gives his support to all measures which he believes will prove of public benefit. JACOB K. KELLER. Among the prosperous young farmers of Lancaster county, Pa., is Jacob K. Keller, who since 1890 has been engaged in farm- ing his present property in Ephrata township, and since 1891 has conducted a large and successful dairy in connection with it. The Keller family is of German origin, and grandfather Jacob Keller became a prominent and wealthy agriculturist of Ephrata township, was one of the pillars of the German Baptist Church, and reared his large family in this belief. George Kel- ler, the father of Jacob K. Keller, was an honest and honorable citizen, a successful farmer, a consistent member of the German Baptist Church and one of the substantial men of the township. He married Mary Keller in 1843, and they became the parents of eleven children: Edward, David, George and James, deceased ; Elizabeth, the wife of Eben Eberly, of Lincoln, Pa. ; Levi, a farmer of Morgantown, Pa. ; Mary, the wife of Christian Brubaker, of Pineville, Pa. ; Adam, a retired farmer of Ephrata borough : Israel, a successful farmer of Springville, Pa. ; Pris- cilla, the wife of Levi Snyder; and Jacob K., the subject of this biography. Jacob K. Keller was born Feb. 20, 1869, the youngest son of the late George and Mary Keller, and was reared on a farm, chosing agriculture as his life profession. His education was acquired in the excellent schools of his district, where he was ah apt pupil, and soon after completing his course he engaged in his selected work, succeeding from the beginning. The fine farm of 100 acres which Mr. Keller owns and occupies, is located one mile north of the borough of Ephrata, he purchased it in 1890 and in the following year he opened up a dairy busi- ness, his well placed land being especially desirable for this enterprise. Not only has Mr. Keller a well cultivated farm, but his handsome dwelling and well kept buildings attest his good management and show evidences of prosperity. Jacob K. Keller was married Jan. 6, 1889, to Kate, the estimable daughter of Reuben and Ma- tilda (Balinger) Witters, of Ephrata township, Germans by descent and prominent in the German Baptist congregation. To Mr. and Mrs. Keller have been born two interesting children: Tillie May, born Jan. to, 1890; and Harry, March 31, 1894. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1315 In politics, Mr. Keller is a stanch Republican, but he places good citizenship above politics and is interested in any movement which promises benefit to his section of the country. Both he and his wife are devoted members of the German Baptist Church where they are highly valued, and through the town- ship Mr. Keller is justly regarded as one of the rep- resentative men, socially, politically and commer- cially. . JOHN ELSWORTH IRWIN, proprietor of the "Ironville Hotel" in West Hempfield township, was born in Kinderhook, in the same township, Lan- caster county, Feb. 27, 1862, and is the only son of Samuel and Lizzie (Minnick) Irwin, also natives of West Hempfield township. Samuel Irwin was a blacksmith by trade and on enlisting for the Civil war was employed as such by the government, was sent West and was never again heard from. Mrs. Lizzie (Minnick) Irwin, who was born in iH^g, was subsequently married to George Adams, who was also a blacksmith and lived in Akron, Lancaster county, and to this union have been born four children, viz. : Henry, a cigar maker in Akron, Pa. ; Minnie, wife of Benjamin Lewis, a cigar packer at Effort, Pa.; Susan, now the wife of a Mr. Jacobs, a cigarmaker at Akron; and Agnes, who has been twice married and is now a resident of New Jersey. The mother of this family now lives in Denver, Pa., and is a devout member of the M. E. Church. The paternal grandparents of John E. Irwin were James and Margaret (McCorkle) Irwin, of Chester county, Pa., but early settlers in West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, where James Irwin followed his trade of blacksmith until the end of his days; the maternal grandparents were Henry and Lizzie Minnick, of West Hemp- field township. John Elsworth Irwin was reared by an uncle, Abraham H. Gram, from the age of four months un- til thirteen years old, and up to this age lived on his uncle's farm; later he lived for three years with other farmers, but returned to his uncle Gram and continued to work for him until the latter's death in August, 1884, when he took entire charge. Abra- ham H. Gram first engaged in hotelkeeping at Silverspring, this county, conducted his place one year, and then located in Mountville, and conducted the "Black Bear Hotel" for six years, when the estate was settled up, and John E. Irwin came to his present stand in Ironville, which was erected by Joseph Foreman in 1873. In the meantime Mr. Irwin has also been a musician of more than local reputation, and has been a teacher of the violin since eighteen vears of age, still giving private lessons, but in 1898 practically withdrew from the profession as a general teacher for all comers. On Nov. 7, 1886, John Elsworth Irwin married, in Lincoln, Lancaster county, Miss Anna Weidman, who has borne him four children, John W., Harry W., Mamie W. and Esther W. Mrs. Anna (Weid- man") Irwin was born in East Cocalico township, Lancaster county, March 27, i860, and is a daugh- ter of Henry and Mary (Burkholder) Weidman, of Clay township, where the father was a farmer and died in July, 1891, when seventy-four years old; his wife, born in 1825, still lives. Their children were seven in number and in order of birth were named: Sanmel, who lives in Reamstown, and is a cabinetmaker; Lavinia, who married and is de- ceased; Jacob, also deceased; Henry, a farmer in Reamstown ; Anna ; Emma, wife of Frank Myers, a farmer of Rockville; and Lemuel, a farmer of Reamstown. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Irwin was John Weidman, of Lancaster county, who died in 1899; the maternal grandfather was Jacob Burkholder, an undertaker. Fraternally, John E. Irwin- is a member of the, Improved Order of Red Men, and politically is a Republican. As a hotel man he is popular and widely known and, being yet a young man, is full of joviality and genial good nature, which peculi- arly adapt him to his calling. Having been in the business almost from boyhood, he is acquainted with its every detail, and it is safe to say that the traveler who needs accommodation a second time at Ironville, makes it a point to secure his room at Mr. Irwin's hotel. • FREDERICK ADAMS. For twenty years Mr. Adams has been a faithful and trusted servant of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, having entered the service of that corporation in 1880 as a brakeman. He was made a fireman two and a half years later, and in 1892 was promoted to position of engineer. He is a member of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, and as a citizen is held in high esteem. He is a Democrat in politics, and although not him- self a church member, his family are connected with St. John's Lutheran Church. He married Miss Caroline Bupp, Feb. 16, 1886, and their marriage has been blessed with nine children: Nettie, Bar- bara, John, Carrie, Marguerite, Fred; Nellie, and twins, born in iqoo. Frederick Adams was born in Columbia, Aug. II, 1864, and like man- of Columbia's public-spirited and valued citizens is of German lineage. His grandfather was the proprietor of an inn in Ger- many, and died in his native land. His father, John M., came to America when a young man of twenty- one, to avoid military service, for which he had been drafted. He first settled in Baltimore, but after a few years removed to Columbia, where he worked as a foundrvman and a stevedore along the canal. Frederick Adams also began his life of hard but honorable toil in a foundry, at the early age of eleven years, five years later, finding employment unloading coal and still later working two years upon a farm. Mr. Adams, Sr., died in December, 1891, after com- pleting his sixty-first year. His wife was Anna Bates, who, like himself, was a native of Germany. 1316 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Her father died there, and she and her mother crossed the ocean together. They found a home in Columbia, and both are now deceased, Mrs. John M. Adams having died July 23, 1872, aged thirty- nine years. Both were members of the Lutheran Church. Frederick Adams was his parents' sixth child and one of a family of ten. The others \A{ere named Maggie, Barbara, Anna, Grace, Sally, John, Nellie, Elizabeth and Lydia. Maggie married Lewis Bates, a retired merchant, and died in 1874. Barbara is the wife of Benjamin F. Hogentogler, a machinist. Anna married Jerry McCracken, a cigar dealer. Grace, deceased, was the wife of Frank Stucker. Sally became Mrs. William Bell, of Columbia, her husband being a railway conductor. Nellie married George McKinney, a car inspector of that place. John, Elizabeth and Lydia died in childhood. Mrs. Adams is a daughter of. William and Caro- line (Heatfner) Bupp, and was born in Marietta, Pa., Nov. 19, 1866. Both her parents were of Ger- man birth, although they were married at J.Jarictta. Her father died in 1880 and her mother in 1874. They were members of the German Lutheran Church. She has one Bister, Margaret, whose hus' band, Henry Rettew, is a puddler. They, too, reside in Columbia. GEORGE HEIM, Jr., a conductor on the Pennsylvania Railroad, residing in Columbia, Lan- caster county, was born in that place, and is a son of George Heim, who is now a retired citizen of Columbia. George Heim, Sr., was born Feb. 13, 1832, in Hessen-Darmstadt, Germany, where his parents, Adam and Catherine (Yonhann) Heim, spent their entire lives. In his younger days the father fol- lowed the shoemaker's trade and later worked as a lumberman. He died in 1857, aged seventy-five years. Their children were: Peter, who died in Germany ; John, a shoemaker of York, Pa. ; Leon- ard, a millwright of Germany; George; and Cath- erine, who married George Reitsel, a miller, and died in Germany. During his boyhood George Heim attended school until fourteen years old, and then commenced learning the shoemaker's trade, which he has made his Hfe work. On Dec. 23, 1852, he came to America, and first located in' East Pros- pect, York Co., Pa., where he followed his chosen occupation for four years, but since then his home has been in Columbia. There he has met with suc- cess, and is now quite well-to-do, being able to lay aside active labor. For the last five years he has lived practically retired, though he does a little work now and then. For twelve years he has been a director of the St. Joseph's Building Association, and he is also a director of the Home Building & Loan Association, which was founded in 1899. The Democratic party finds in him a stanch supporter of its principles, and he is an active member of Salem German Lutheran Church. On May 29, 1856, in Columbia, Mr. Heim mar- ried Miss Christina Gussler, a native of Wurtem- berg, GenTiany, and a daughter of George Gussler,. a mason by trade, who spent his entire life in that country. Mrs. Heim came to America in 1854, and died Feb. 9, 1895, at the age of sixty-four years. She left four children, namely: George; John, an engineer on the Pennsylvania Railroad, and a resi- dent of Columbia, who married Lizzie Ambrose and has three children, Edgar, Harry and Walter; Charles, a prospector of York county, Pa., who married Emma Leber; Lillie, the wife of Edwin Marley, a bricklayer of Columbia, who has twO' children, George and May. George Heim, Jr., received his education in the public schools of his native town, where he has. passed all his life with the exception of two years spent on the sea and in Baltimore, Md., whither he went at the age of sixteen. When but twelve he entered a ^slate mantel works in Columbia, finish- ing that trade in Philadelphia, and he was thus employed about four years in all. On Oct. 7, 1880,, Mr. Heim entered the employ of the Pennsylvania. Railroad Company, worked up as brakeman and flagman, and finally, on Feb. 28, 1899, received promotion to his present position. Mr. Heim is a highly esteemed citizen of the town in which he re- sides, "respected for his industry and integrity. He is identified with the German Lutheran' Church,, and, in politics, with the Democratic party. Mr. Heim is a member of the Pennsylvania Relief. On Sept. 24, 1875, George Heim married itL Philadelphia, Pa., Miss Ella M. Carter, who was born Dec. 25, 1855, near Haddonfield, N. J., one of the seven children of George Carter. She was reared by an aunt. Six children have blessed the union of Mr. and Mrs. Heim, namely: Rosa B.,. who married Alva Hogentogler, foreman in a silk mill ; Charles B., at home ; Isabella, deceased r Katie M., deceased; Clara L. and Lillian S., at home, GEORGE ROTH REICH, M. D., a highly educated and rising young physician of Marietta,. Lancaster Co., Pa., was born Nov. 30, 1877, and is a son of George W. and Ella (Roth) Reich, of German extraction. Dr. Reich attended public school in Marietta until seventeen vears of age, and then attended Franklin & Marshall College in Lancaster for two- years-. His preparatory work in medicine was- taken at the University of Pennsylvania, which he attended one year, and then he entered the Hahne- mann Medical College at Philadelphia, from which he was graduated May 17, 1900. He at once settled down to practice in his native borough, where his many friends predict for him a remunerative and successful professional career. Dr. Reich married in Philadelphia in March, 1897, Miss Mary Miller, who has borne him one child, Mary. Mrs. Marv (Miller) Reich was bom BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1317 in Marietta and is a daughter of John S. Miller, a native of East Donegal township, Lancaster county. Pa. The Doctor and his wife are members of the Episcopal Church, and socially are great favorites -with the better class of citizens in Marietta. In politics the Doctor is a Republican. FRANK G. GIRFIN. For thrte generations the Girfins have been thrifty and prosperous black- smiths of Pennsylvania. The grandfather of Frank G., Frederick Girfin, came to America in an early •day in search of a home, then returned for his wife, Catherine (Hobbart), and their family, and settled in Newport, where for maiiy years he followed lalacksmithing. Christian F. Girfin, the father of Frank G, was born in Germany, on Nov. 29, 1825. He ac- quired the blacksmith trade. In his native land he married Elizabeth Greneman, who was born Aug. 26, 1 83 1, daughter of Christian and Catherine (Hossman) Greneman, lifelong farmers in Ger- many. In 1858 Christian F. Girfin migrated with Tiis family to America. He leased a blacksmith shop which stood on the site of the shop in Locust Grove, now occupied by his son, Frank G, and this shop "he continued to operate successfully until his death, which occurred Feb. 21, 1891. In politics he was a Republican and he and his wife were active mem- hers of the Lutheran Church. The wife still sur- vives, and now resides with her son Frank G. To Christian F. and Elizabeth Girfin were born the following children: Fred, who married Eliza Mc- Ginn and is a blacksmith at Columbia: Henry, who married Mary Grofif and is also a blacksmith at Columbia; Charles and William, both deceased; Anna, twin sister of William, wife of Andrew Dershermer, a farmer of West Hempfield township ; Sarah E., wife of John Heidloff, a farmer of Ham- bright, Pa. : and Frank G. Frank G. Girfin was born Jan. 13, 1869, in his present home. When a boy of thirteen years he •entered his father's blacksmith shop as an apprentice and was soon able to put on from thirty-five to forty "horse-shoes a day. He remained steadily in this shop until his father's death, nine years later, then took charge of it and has ever since operated the same most successfully. He is recognized as one of the active and prosperous young business men of West Hempfield township, and is most highly re- spected. In politics he is a Republican and in re- ligious faith he is associated with the Lutheran , Church. Among the fraternal orders he holds membership with the I. O. O. F. and the Red Men. Mr. Girfin married in June, 1892, at Columbia, Miss Lena Newmyer, who was born in Germany in 1870, the daughter of Frederick and Magdelina (Sanders) Newmyer and the granddaughter of George and Elizabeth Newmyer. In 1871, the father, Frederick Newmyer, migrated to America with his family and settled in Columbia, where he died three years later, aged thirty-eight years. He was a member of the Lutheran Church. The widow subsequently married for her second husband Peter Smith, a farmer of West Hempfield township. To Frederick and Magdelina Newmyer were born three children: Catherine, deceased wife of Joseph Brown ; Lena, wife of Mr. Girfin; and Christina, wife of Lewis Fritz, a bricklayer of Lancaster. The family of Frank G. and Lena Girfin consists of four children, namely: Sadie E., Anna M., Henry W. and Elizabeth G JOSEPH DETZ is a conductor in the employ of the Philadelphia & Reading Railroad Company, and has been one of their honored and trusted servants for more than thirty years. He is a son of John G. and Rachel E. Detz. Joseph Detz was born in Manor township, Oct. 29, 1849, and until he was ten years old lived at home with his parents. He then went to work upon a neighboring farm during three summers, spend- ing his winters at home and attending school. At the age of thirteen he entered a store at Safe Har- bor and there remained as clerk for two years. In 1865 he came to Columbia, and found employment in the rake factory. Two years later he began work in the rolling mill of the railroad company. Before long he was placed in charge of the company's round house, and after two years was given the position of passenger brakeman. His next promo- tion was to the post of baggage master, and after twenty years there he was appointed conductor in the passenger service. To the discharge of his duties he. brings a quick intelligence, a ripe ex- perience and tried fidelity. No emergency finds him unprepared, and his urbanity.of manner has won for him many friends. He is a member of the Brotherhood of Railway Conductors, a Republican in politics, and an earnest member of the Presbyter- ian Church. Of a kindly sympathetic nature, and with a heart quick to respond to a call for help, it is not surprising that he is best loved by those who know him best. The maiden name of his wife, to whom he was united May 4, 1872, was Mary C. Lash. She was born in Reading, her father, Henry W. Lash, being a successful and respected farmer of Berks county, and by trade a tailor. During the last ten years of his life he filled the office of tipstaflf in the courts. He died in March, 1893, after reaching the age of sixty-five years. His father, who spelled his name Lasch, was bom in Germany, but crossed the ocean and settled at Reading. The mother of Mrs. Detz was Susanna Keller. She was a daughter of George and Catherine (Schlichter) Keller, he being a Berks county farmer. She and her husband' were members of the Universalist Church, and in his younger days Mr. Keller was a valued member of the choir. She was born April 18, 1827, and is still living, her home being in Philadelphia. Mrs. Detz is the second of their family of nine children, the others, in order of birth, being : Alwilda, now Mrs. 1318 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY John H. Rooth, of Reading; Frank M., of Phila- delphia, a bachelor; Sarah, also unmarried and living in the same city ; Anna, wife of W. H. Tobias of Reading; Harry, whose home is in Pottstown; Heister K., a grocer of Reading; Howard, de- ceased ; and Effie, who became the wife of Dr. Walter Richmond, a dentist of Newark, New Jersey. Mr. and Mrs. Detz have a daughter and a son, Anna E. and Vernon B., both of whom are unmar- ried and live with their parents. CHRISTIAN B. HUBER, one of the leading farmers and esteemed citizens of Providence town- ship, was born there April 26, 1853, a son of Henry S. and Fannie (Barr) Huber, both now deceased. Henry S. Huber followed an agricultural life in Providence township. He was born Dec. 15, 1815, son of Christian Huber, and died April 9, 1882. Throughout life he was a consistent member of the Mennonite Church, following its teachings in his daily life. He was conscientiously attached to the principles of the Republican party. The children of Henry S. and Fannie Huber were as follows : Christian, deceased; Annie, wife of Amos Groff, of Columbia; Elam B., a shoemaker in Providence township ; Susan, wife of Jacob Bryson, of Colum- bia ; Christian B. ; and Fannie. Christian B. Huber was reared on the farm and early became interested in agricultural work, to such an extent that he has followed that line through life, being one of the successful and pro- gressive farmers of Providence township. He re- ceived his education in the public schools, and after his school days were over, like many others in his vicinity, was obliged to make his own way in the world. His industry and economy soon enabled him to begin accumulating, and he is now the owner of One of the valuable farms of his part of Lancaster county, situated within a half mile of the pleasant vil- lage of New Providence. He has a handsome dwelling and other modern improvements, making his place an ideal country home. Mr. Huber was married March 22, 1883, to Miss Caroline Eckerman, born July 4, 1854, daugh- ter of Benjamin and Elizabeth Eckerman, and this marriage has been blessed with one daughter. Miss Ida Viola, a most estimable young lady. Both Mr. and Mrs. Huber descend from honor- able families of Lancaster county, and they com- mand the respect and esteem of the community in which they have their home. Mr. Huber is known to his neighbors as a man of sterling integrity and of kind and charitable disposition. Like his fa- ther he supports the Republican party, but he does not seek political preferment. WILLIAM CORNELIUS, a cigar manufac- turer of Lancaster, Pa., and one of the leading busi- ness men of that city, was born in New Berlin, Union Co., Pa., July 4, 1852, son of William and Elizabeth (Bemfor) Cornelius, he a native of Union county, and she of Snyder county. William Cornelius, Sr., was born in 1814, and his wife was born in 1818. They now reside in New Berlin, Snyder. Co., Pa., where he is a re- tired shoemaker. Both are consistent members of the M. E. Church, and both are in possession of all their faculties to a remarkable degree. The follow- ing family was born to their union : Harriet, mar- ried Joseph Taper, an Illinois farmer; Jeremiah, a shoe manufacturer and merchant of Catawissa, Columbia Co., Pa. ; Emma, married J. Hawk, re- tired, of New Columbia, Pa.; William Cornelius ; Joseph, a shoemaker of Catawissa, Pa. ; George, who died in Philadelphia. The paternal grandparents were James W. and Elizabeth Cornelius, of the State of Pennsylvania. James W. Cornelius was a shoemaker, and both he and his wife died in New Berlin, Pa. The maternal grandparents were Frederick and Mary Bemfor, of Snyder county. Pa., where the former was a farmer, but died in St. Joseph county, Mich., June 9, 1878, at the age of ninety years, eight months and twenty-eight days. These grandparents left seventeen children, 106 grandchildren, and two great-grandchildren. William Cornelius was reared upon a farm until he reached the age of eighteen, when he removed to Lancaster, and learned the trade of cigar making, in 1876 embarking in this line of business for him- self, and continuing it with marked success, his output being on an average of 100,000 cigars, none but the finest grades being manufactured. Some- of his special brands are "Try Me" and "Little Dandy." Fraternally, he is a member of K. of P., No. 88, and Uniform Rank K. of P. In reli- gious matters, he is a member of the M. E. Church- Mr. Cornelius has always taken an active part in politics, voting and supporting the Republican ticket, although he has never consented to hold office, believing he can do more good in his capacity of a private citizen. His success is the result of his thrift, energy and thorough knowledge of his business, and the future offers still brighter prospects. On April 29, 1874, when not considering the season of the year there were nine inches of snow upon the pavements of Lancaster, Mr. Cornelius married Flora E. Fortney, a native of Lancaster, Pa., daughter of George and Mary (Barclipp) Fort- ney, of Dauphin county. Pa. George Fortney was a conductor on the Pennsylvania Railroad from , 1S65 to his death, on July 23, 1900. ' His body was interred in Woodward Hill cemetery. During the Civil war, Mr. Fortney served for three years under Capt. Edgerly. At the time of his death, Mr. Fort- ney had been in the service of the railroad for thirty- five years, and gave universal satisfaction. His wife, who was born April 9, 1837, now resides in Lancaster. She is a consistent member of the.M. E. Church, as was her husband. The children born to BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1319 Mr. and Mrs. Fortney were : Lizzie, who married Charles Villa, of Lancaster; and Flora E., Mrs. Cornelitis. The grandparents of Mrs. Cornelius on her father's side were Henry and Margaret Fortney, farmers of Dauphin county, Pa., both most estimable people. Mr. and Mrs. Cornelius have one child, George C, who graduated from the city high school, after which he learned the trade of cutter and tailor. After learning his trade, his father realized that there was room in his growing business for the energies and capabilities of his son, and since then George has been an assistant in the cigar business, both father and son bending their energies toward the enlarging of their field of action, and the betterment of their product, with the result that their trade is a very enviable one and constantly increasing. Mr. Cornelius is not only well known as a business man and a leader in poli- tics, but also for his public-spirited and pleasant, frank manner, which win him many friends, and make it possible for him to forward many plans for the betterment of the city's interests and the general welfare of the community. REV. S. CLEMENT BURGER, the energetic and beloved rector of the Church of the Sacred Heart, the latest addition to the Roman Catholic Churches in Lancaster, is the youngest brother of Prof. Chris Burger, who is a recognized leader in musical circles in Lancaster. Christian J. Burger, his father, came from Ger- many to the United States in 1848, and settled in Reading, where he died in 1883. He married An- netta Kaul, a sister of the Very Rev. Anthony F. Kaul, of St. Anthony's Catholic Church, Lancaster, and to this union came six sons, four of whom sur- vive : Dr. A. J. Burger, who is now the coroner of Brooklyn ; Dn Francis J., also of Brooklyn ; Rev. Clement S. ; and Prof. Chris. Rev. Father Burger was born in Reading Jan. 17, 1 87 1, and was educated in the parochial schools of that city, and for one year in St. Anthony's par- ochial school of Lancaster. His collegiate course was taken at Notre Dame University, Indiana, grad- uating in Tune, 1891, and he pursued his theological course at'Mt. St. Mary's, Emmitsburg. On May 10, 1895, he was ordained at Harrisburg, in St. Patrick's Pro-Cathedral, by the Rt. Rev. Thomas McGovern, D. D., Bishop of the Diocese ofHarris- burg. Pa., and he was at once appointed assistant to his uncle, Very Rev. Anthony F. Kaul, at St.. An- thony's Church, Lancaster, remaining there until Jan. I, 1899, when he was sent to the Church of the Im- maculate Conception, at New Oxford, Adams Co., Pennsylvania. On Nov. I, 1900, Father Burger was sent by the Rt. Rev. John W. Shanahan, D. D., Bishop of the Diocese of Harrisburg, Pa., to St. Mary's Church, Middletown, Pa. A few weeks later, on Nov. 20, he was ordered to Lancaster, to begin the work of building up a new parish, that of the Sacred Heart. So energetically did he pursue the work that the corner stone of the school and chapel building was laid with imposing ceremonies, on May 26, 1901, and the dedication took place Sept. 22, 1901. Both the ceremonies were held by the Rt. Rev. John W. Shanahan, D. D. The school and chapel are located- at the southern end of the plat of ground purchased for the congregation at the corner of West Walnut and Nevin streets, and it will prove a fine addition to that beautiful section. In the near future a handsome rectory will be erected, and the new parish promises to become large and influential, tmder the ministrations of Rev. Father Burger. At present the parish numbers ninety families — four hundred and fifty souls. On Sept. 8, 1902, the parochial school was opened under the direction of two sisters of the Holy Cross from Notre Dame, Indiana. The enrollment at the opening numbered fifty scholars. JOHN JONES WATSON, undertaker and funeral director, Lancaster, is one of the most pro- minent men in that line in Lancaster county. Mr. Watson is descended from old and pat- riotic stock. Gen. Sulivan of Revolutionary fame, having been his great-uncle on his father's side. Mr. Watson's great-grandfather came from Glas- gow, Scotland, and, with two brothers settled in Philadelphia. He owned part of the land on which Germantown now stands. Benjamin Franklin Watson, the grandfather, a tailor by trade, was born in Philadelphia, removed to Lancaster county, and became the owner of two farms in Drumore township, where he died in 1842, aged eighty-five years. In this connection it is o£ peculiar interest to note that our subject belongs to a long-lived family, his uncle William having died at the age of eighty-seven years, another ancestor at, ninety-two, another at ninety-six, another at ninety, and his maternal grandfather at ninety-eight. Hiram Watson, father of John Jones, was the youngest of twelve children. He married Lydia Ann Jones, daughter of John Jones, who was fore- man of Martic Forge, and also kept the old "Blue Bell" tavern in Drumore. John Jones died at the age of ninety-eight. To Mr. and Mrs. Hiram Wat- son were born twelve children, of whom the follow- ing named are living: John Jones, our subject, of Lancaster; Hannah Martha, of Philadelphia; Ben- jamin Franklin, who has for over thirty years been in the service of the Pennsylvania Railroad, for which he is now a baggage master; William, who was superintendent of the painting department of the Wilmington & Northern Railroad, but is now keeping hotel in Wilmington ; Clayton M., of Wil- mington, who succeeded his brother William as superintendent of painting for the Wilmington & Northern Railroad; Mary, wife of William Max- well, manager of the old Pennock Iron Works in Coatesville ; Annie, wife of Samuel Forbes, of Phil- adelphia; Wesley, a telegrapher, for years past in 1320 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS CF LANCASTER COUNTY the Adams Express service at Philadelphia; and Milton A., an upholsterer of West Chester. . John Jones Watson was born in the old "Blue Bell," Drumore, on Jan. 28, 1837, and, after receiv- ing the education afforded by the public schools of his district, went to cabinet making and undertaking in Conestoga Center, serving three years at the busi- ness. He then removed to Coatesville, where he carried on business for himself. Not content with what he already knew, however, he engaged an expert upholsterer to teach him that branch, employ- ing him continuously, work or no work, until he (Mr. Watson) had mastered the business. In 1877 Mr. Watson went to West Chester, working there six years, and coming to Lancaster in 1884. After working in two of the leading undertaking estab- lishments he started in business for himself, on East Orange street. This was in 1887. Removing from East Orange street to South Queen street, he car- ried on business there for one year, where the Inquirer printing office now is, and in 1891 re- moved to his present location. No. 1 14 South Queen street. He lives in the building, which is a com- modious one, and has telephone connections and all conveniences. A graduate embalmer, Mr. Wat- son is an active member of the Lancaster County Funeral Directors Association, of which he was president for one term. Mr. Watson keeps fully abreast of the times in his business, and has by courteous treatment of his patrons and strict atten- tion to all the details of his profession, won a substantial position in commercial circles in the city of his adoption.- Mr. Watson was married to Miss Barbara Ann Urban, daughter of the late Jacob Urban, a farmer of Conestoga Center, and this union has been blessed with four children, as follows : Lydia Ann, wife of Thomas M. Shaner, who is at the head of one of the departments of the Safety Buggy Works, of Lancaster : Emma Jane, at home ; John W., an up- holsterer and decorator with Hager Bros, (he de- signed and executed the decorations for the newly- furnished court room in Lancaster) ; and Dr. Walter W., a graduate of the Lancaster high school, of the College of Pharmacy, and of the Medico- Chirurgical Institution (where he won a gold medal for the practice of medicine), and now resident phy- sician in Blockely Almshouse, Philadelphia. Our subject has been prominent in the societies, having belonged, in his time, to seventeen secret societies, in eleven of which he was a past officer; he has been an Odd Fellow for forty-three years, and a Mason for thirty-two years, being a past master by merit. In religion he is a consistent member of St. Paul's M. E. Church. REUBEN G. KAUFFMAN. Among the pro- gressive and thorough farmers of East flempfield township is Reuben G. Kauffman, a worthy repre- sentative of one of the old and respected families of Lancaster countv. Reuben G. Kauffman was born March 22, 1867, on the old family homestead, one and one-half miles south of Petersburg, a son of Benjamin and Anna (Kr eider) Kauffman, who were well and favorably known in that locality, removing thence to the farm in East Hempfield township upon which Reuben G. Kauffman now lives, when the latter was ten years old. He had all the advantages of the dis- trict school, and remained at home, engaged in agricultural pursuits, after he was twenty-two years old engaging in farming upon his own account, re- maining on his father's land, where he carries on general farming very successfully. In 1899 Mr. Kauffman purchased the farm from his father, containing seventy-three acres-, and there he has a valuable property and a most comfortable home. Reuben G. Kauffman was married Jan. i, 1889, to Amanda Neff, the estimable daughter of Henry Neff, of Manor township, who was born March 16, 1868, and died Jan. 12, 1891, leaving one child, Elmer N. On Oct. 3, 1896, Mr. Kauffman was married to Ellen Kraybill, daughter of Joseph Kray- bill, of Mt. Joy, who was born Oct. 10, 1873. Of this union two children have been born: Kathryn and Joseph, the latter of whom died in infancy. Understanding farming thoroughly, Mr. Kauff- man has adopted modern machinery and methods, and is regarded as one of the most able agricultur- ists in his vicinity. He and his wife are among the most valued members of the Old Mennonite Church, the members of which are universally re- garded as exhibiting in their lives the highest prin- ciples of morality and good citizenship. PHARES P. SWARR. The earliest records of the human family tell of agricultural pursuits, and on down through the ages the tillers of the soil have been not only the most necessary, but also the most independent of men. Upon the success or failure of crops great commercial enterprises and military operations are based, and poor indeed is the State that has to call upon a richer neighbor for her food products. Fortunate are the dwellers in the great State of Pennsylvania, with her equable climate and rich soil, and no county within her borders more abundantly rewards agricultural effort than does old Lancaster. Among the old families of the county is that of Swarr, which for almost 200 years has been identi- fied with her farming interests, and has a number of worthy representatives in the prosperous town- ship of East Hempfield, one of whom, Phares P. Swarr, is now cultivating a tract adjoining the old family homestead, which lies some two miles east of Landisville. The founder of the family in this locality was John Swarr, the great-grandfather of Phares P., who died in 1823, aged eighty-seven years. He was one of the early members of the Mennonite Church in his locality, and the general religious connection has ever since been with that BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1321 denomination, although in later days, through mar- riage connections, some have become identified with the Methodist Chtirch, and some with the Dunk- ards. All belong to the best class of citizens, and are so recognized by the communities in which they live. The grandfather of Phares P. bore the name of Martin Swarr, and his son John, who died in 1886, aged sixty-eight, was the father of Phares P. He was a well-known farmer of East Hempfield and a most worthy member of the Mennonite Church. He married Elizabeth Peifer, who still survives, at an advanced age, a much beloved and respected resident of the vicinity. Seven children were born to this union : Phares P. ; Martin, deceased ; Hiram, a resident of Drumore" township ; John, of Manheim borough ; Menno, of Petersburg ; Reuben, of Landisville; and Elizabeth, who is the wife of David H. Gochnaur, of Petersburg. For a number of years the father of this family was prominent in the educational affairs of the township, serving efficiently on the school board. Phares P. Swarr was born June 23, 1844, and has always resided on the farm. His education was acquired in the excellent public schools of his dis- trict, and in this locality he married, in his twenty- second year, beginning domestic life on the fine farm, consisting of 115 acres, where is one of the pleasantest and most attractive homes of the county, all the surroundings indicating thrift and prosperity, and showing how ideal the life of a farmer may be. Phares P. Swarr has been interested in almost all of the public afifairs of the county, is a director in the Farmers National Bank of Lancaster, and of the ■ Agricultural Mutual Fire Insurance Co., of which he and Johnston Miller were the organizers, and has long been a member of the school board, his influence ever being used in the direction of pro- gress and improvement. Phares P. Swarr was married, Oct. 19, 1865, to Amanda Minnick, a daughter of John Minnick, of Warwick township, and to this union one child was born, Ellen, the wife of Milton G. Forney, who man- ages the farm, Mr. Swarr now living in retirement. To Mr. and Mrs. Forney have been born five chil- dren: May, Charley, Phares, Roy and Marian. Mr. and Mrs. Swarr are valued members of the German Baptist Church, to the support of which he is a liberal contributor, and they enjoy the esteem of all. JOHN BUTZ, the efficient and popular night baggage agent of the Pennsylvania Railroad, at Lancaster, who resides at No. 431 East King street, that city, has been employed by this great road, con- tinuously, for seventeen years. John Butz, his father, was born on the Rhine, in Prussia, came to America when a young man, and for many years lived in Lancaster, where he became a property owner and was regarded as a substantial citizen. By trade he was a tanner, following that line until his death, some eighteen ears ago. His wife died about sixteen years ago. John Butz, who was an only child, was born Feb. 15, 1858, in Portsmouth, Ohio, but while he was very young his father removed to Lancaster, where John was educated in the public schools. After finishing his school course he engaged in various occupations, putting in most of his time in assisting his father in the tannery. About 1885 Mr. Butz secured employment with the Pennsyl- vania Railway Co., first as a repairman, and about 1891 he became assistant night baggage agent, and finally agent, which onerous position he has since' filled to the comfort and satisfaction of the travel- ing public. On Feb. 3, 1885, Mr. Butz was married to Miss Ada Adelaide Steinheiser, daughter of the late J. O. and Lydia Steinheiser. The former, who died Dec. II, 1899, at the age of eighty-two years, was for eight years steward of the Lancaster county almshouse and hospital. Prior to that he had been a successful teacher, and after giving up his office at the almshouse he became a mail agent, and later had the contract for carrying the mails to and from the post office and railroad station. Mr. Stein- heiser's wife, formerly Miss Lydia Swope, was a sister of the late Zuriel Swope, a prominent member of the Lancaster Bar. She died April 21, 1889, aged seventy-five years. Four children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Butz, namely : Emma Mar- guerite, Edgar Owen and Lydia Grace, all of whom are at school ; and the youngest, Harold Steinheiser, Fraternally Mr. Butz is connected with Meri- dian Sun Commandery, No. 99, Knights of Malta; to the Pa. R. R. Relief Association; and to the Baltimore Mutual Aid Society. In politics he is a Republican. He belongs to Trinity Lutheran Church, and is much respected for his industry, in- telligence and genera] capacity, while his genial dis- position makes him many warm personal friends. JOHN M. SHULTZ is one of the successful farmers and prominent citizens of Providence town- ship. He was born Aug. 17, 1837, in Lampeter township, son of John and Elizabeth (Morrison) Shultz, both of whom are deceased. John Shultz, the father of John M., was a son of John Shultz, who was born in Baden, Germany, and came at the age of seventeen years to make his home in America. He was a machinist, and was skilled in his trade. He married and became the father oi the following children • John, Jacob, Eliz- abeth and Sarah, all of whom have passed out of life. John Shultz, the father of John M., was born June 27, T805, and died Feb. 16, 1888. About 1828 he married Elizabeth Morrison, of Chester county, daughter of John Morrison, and this marriage was blessed with eight children : Jacob ; Abraharri ; Mary, wife of Henry Diffenbaugh, of Lampeter township ; Elizabeth, wife of John M. Grosh, of Lancaster ; John M. ; Sarah, widow of Peter Lyons , 1322 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Levi, of Lancaster county ; and Hettie, who died young. John M. Shultz was reared on the farm and ob- tained his education In the common schools of his district. He has successfully followed farming all his life, and owns a fine property, comprising io8 acres of valuable land in Providence township. He has improved his farm with handsome, convenient and modern buildings, and all of his operations are carried on in the most approved manner. Mr. Shultz understands the blacksmith's trade, and has worked at same at times. Pie is a man of promi- nence in Providence township, for the past six years has been one of the directors of the county poor farm, and has also served two terms as county au- ditor, performing all these duties with an eye single to the welfare of those most concerned. On Nov. 10, 1863, Mr. Shultz was married to Miss Susan Rank, born March 17, 1845, in Salis- bury township, daughter of David Rank. Pier death took place Oct. 17, 1890. She was the moth- er of eleven children, eight of whom grew to matu- rity, as follows : Elizabeth, born in 1865, married to J. F. Graybill ; William L., born in 1867, a farm- er of Providence township ; Levi, born in 1869, who resides in Lancaster City; David D., born in 1871 ; J. Frank, born in 1873, a farmer ; James O., born Oct. .25, 1878, who is unmarried and resides at home, as do E. H., born in 1880, and Morgan, born in 1883. The family is held in the highest esteem in Prov- idence township, where Mr. Shultz has long been looked upon as a representative citizen. WILLIAM FREY DILLER, son of the late Isaac Diller (whose family history and whose por- trait will be found elsewhere in these Annals), is one of the most industrious men in Lancaster, as it requires industry to keep in hand 'the many busi- ness interests in which he is concerned. Mr. Diller, whose office is at No. 61 North Duke street, and whose residence is at No. 338 East Orange street, was born in Lancaster City, Nov. 3, 1858, and, after attending private schools of Lancaster, was grad- uated from Franklin and Marshall College, in 1876, graduating with honor when five months less than eighteen years old. After leaving college, and spending one year on his father's farm in the south- ern part of Lancaster county, Mr. Diller entered his father's hardware store, remaining there until his father bought a controlling interest in the Caledonia Furnace property of Thaddeus Stevens. William F. then became the manager of that property, con- sisting of 12,500 acres. Mr. Diller installed and operated two sawmills, a shinglemill, a sand rock grinding mill, and developed and worked two iron ore banks. At the end of three years his father sold his interest in the Caledonia Furnace property, and Mr. Diller then returned to Lancaster, entering actively into the hardware trade with his father and brother, having been a partner in that business even while managing the Caledonia business. At the death of the father (the founder of the house) Mr. Diller continued with his brother, the firm trading as Isaac Diller's Sons. This continued un- til May 20, 1899, when the hardware business was sold, and Mr. Diller then organized the Lan- caster Slate Roofing Company, a concern that does a large part of all the slate roofing in Lancaster. He is also a wholesale dealer in coal, the only ex- clusive wholesale dealer in that commodity in the city; controls an iron ore bank in York county, employing twenty-four men, and supplying, among others, the Susquehanna Steel & Iron Company at Wrightsville ; and is treasurer and general man- ager of the Diller Sand and Clay Company, in the formation of which he was the chief promoter. This latter company owns 400 acres in the extreme east end of Lancaster county, near Honeybrook; and Col. H. C. Demming, .State Geologist and Vol- unteer United States Geologist, reports that it is the largest body of sand rock within his knowledge, in the world. It analyzes 98 per cent, of pure silica. They also ship clay by the carload, for steel mould- ing purposes, as far west as Cleveland and Cin- cinnati. Mr. Diller was married, June 8, 1898, to Miss Eliza Murray Schofield, daughter of the late lament- ed Dr. E. Lane Schofield, and granddaughter — on her maternal side — of the late Hon. James Black, at one time the Prohibition candidate for President of the United States. Three children were born of this union, Mary Black (bearing her grandmother's maiden name), Alonzo Potter (named after Mr. Diller's lamented brother. Rev. Alonzo Potter Dil- ler, who, with his wife and child clasped in each other's arms, went down in the Johnstown flood), and William Frey, Jr. Mr. Diller is an Episco- palian in religion, and is a vestryman in St. John's Episcopal Church, where his father was senior warden to the day of his death. Although a mem- ber of St. John's, Mr. Diller and his family still retain, in St. James' Episcopal Church, the pew that was rented by his father — then only sixteen years old — in 1839, and it has been continuously in the Diller family from that day to this. Modest and unassuming, yet full of energy and vigor, no man in Lancaster enjoys in a greater degree the esteem and confidence of his fellowmen than does William Frey Diller. MRS. MARY MURRAY SCHOFIELD, wid- ow of the late Dr. E. Lane Schofield, and who lives in a charming home at No. 542 West James street, just opposite the Reformed Theological Seminary, enjoys the distinction of being the daughter of the gentleman who was honored with the first nomina- tion for the Presidency of the United States on the Prohibition ticket, her father having been the late Hon. James Black, a prominent member of the Lancaster Bar, and one of the most prominent Tem- perance advocates in the United States. His libra- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ]323 fy of Temperance works was said to have been the finest private hbrary of the kind in this country, if not in the world, and he was as f amihar with every book in that vast hbrary as the school children are with their every-day text books. Mrs. Schofield is descended from Revolutionary stock on both sides — paternal and maternal. The Blacks, from whom she is a lineal descendant, came to this country from the North of Ireland, whither they had fled from Scotland because of religious persecution They settled on an extensive land grant from the Penns, this land being located along the Susquehanna, in Union county. They were descended from a mighty Scottish clan, whose colors were gre&n, blue and yellow. Mrs. Scho- field's great-grandfather Murray (on her mother's side) was a member of the Continental Congress, and the chair he sat on in that body is still in the possession of a cousin of Mrs. Schofield living in Philadelphia. The Murrays were Scotch-Irish, and, like the Blacks, were enthusiastic Presbyterians for generations. John Black, the grandfather of Mrs. Schofield, was a famous contractor, and built the first large brick dwelling-house ever erected in Lancaster — the largest dwelling-house in Lancaster at the time it was built, and among the largest, if not the largest, now in this city, the house being that now owned and occupied by Mrs. Louisa A. Breneman and Major B. Frank Breneman, at the southeast corner of East Orange and Lime streets. John Black built the first Croton dam in New York ; built the bridge over the St. Lawrence, at Montreal ; built the rail- road bridge at Columbia that was burned to keep the Rebels from crossing the river into Lancaster county, at the time of the Rebel invasion of Penn- sylvania ; built the bridge across the Susquehanna River at York Furnace, Pa., that was swept away by a flood ; built the Penn Iron Works of Lancaster, and was the first president of that company ; and, in fact, was, in his day, the most widely known and success- ful contractor of this section. _ His surviving chil- are John, the well-known druggist of Lancaster; Reuben, a farmer of Dakota ; and William, who is in the lumber business in Minnesota. Hon. James Black (John Black's most distin- guished son) was an honored member of the Lan- caster Bar, and was one of the most enthusiastic and powerful advocates of the Temperance cause ever known in this country. He was, at the time of his death, the owner and developer of Black Bar- ren Springs, a great health resort in southern Lan- caster county, the waters of which are regarded as a great remedial agent; the estate is still in the possession of his heirs. James Black married Miss Eliza N. Murray, daughter of the late William Mur- ray, who belonged to the old-time book-store firm of judd & Murray, of North Queen street, and both of whom are well remembered by the older citizens of Lancaster. The Murrays,. on coming to this country, settled in the Cumberland Valley. To this union of James Black and Eliza N. Murray, six children were born, of whom the survivors are: Mrs. Mary Murray Schofield and William Murray Black, major in the United States army and colonel of volunteers, who for three years past has had entire charge of the sanitation of Havana, and whose praises in that work have been sung by the news- papers all over the United States, and who has now been appointed engineer officer in charge of sani- tation in the construction of the Panama Canal. Major Black graduated from West Point at the head of his class, and he has a son, Roger Derby Black, who entered the Military Academy at West Point in June, 1900, having been appointed by President McKinley. Hon. James Black died in 1894. His wife passed away in October, 1889. ■ Mrs. Schofield was born in Lancaster, and after graduating from the Girls' High School of the city attended a private school in Philadelphia, and then attended Poultney Female College, fifteen miles from Rutland, Vt. She married Dr. E. Lane Schofield June 27, 1 87 1. The Doctor was called to his re- ward in November, T894, deeply lamented by hosts of people, for he was alike popular professionally and socially. After practicing in Lancaster eight years Dr. Schofield removed with his family to the coal regions, in the northern part of Dauphin county, where he followed his profession fourteen years, and then removing to Chambersburg prac- ticed medicine there for four years, when he laid down his labors and entered into rest. He was a prominent member of the Masonic fraternity, and es- tablished a lodge in the coal regions, and no man of his years did more work for the cause of Methodism than did Dr. Schofield. By his union with Miss Black seven children were born, of whom four are living, as follows: Eliza Murray, wife of William F. Diller, of Lancaster; Miss Gertrude B., attending Miss Wheelock's School in Boston; Walter S., at- tending the State College, class of 1904 ; and Edward Lane Schofield, of Franklin and Marshall College, class of 1905. Mrs. Schofield is ah earnest member of the First M. E. Church of Lancaster, and before the care of rearing and educating a family became so pressing upon her took an active part in all the affairs of the church and in charitable and reform work. She is a member of the Dorcas Society, which has done such noble work for the deserving poor of the city for so many years past, and in all the walks of life — in girlhood, motherhood, church and society — ^has shown herself a worthy descendant of the worthy people who preceded her. CAPT. JOHN LEWIS BINKLEY. One of the prominent and successful business citizens of Lancaster is Capt. John Lewis Binkley, a descendant of one of the old established families of this State. Three brothers of the name came to America from their native Germany, settling, respectively, in Lan- caster and Lebanon counties, Pennsylvania, and in 1324 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Canada; of the last branch, however, all trace has been lost. Johann Binkley, great-grandfather of Capt. Binkley, bought land from the London Land Com- pany, at Millport, and there he erected a mill which did a successful business in those early days. Felix Binkley, son of Johann, and the grand- father of our subject, was a farmer and landowner near Rocky Springs, in this county, for a number of years. Later he removed to Ohio, making the long trip by teams in the old pioneer way, locating near Canton. There he died and there his family is still settled. John Binkley, son of Felix, and the father of Capt. Binkley, was the only son of the family to re- turn to Pennsylvania. His location was near Bird- in-Hand, where he embarked in the mercantile busi- ness and for many years was a prosperous man of afifairs, dying in 1893, at the advanced age of eighty- three years. John Binkley was a man of high char- acter and was highly esteemed by his contemporar- ies. A cousin of John Binkley was the builder of Binkley"s bridge, which is one of the old landmarks of Lancaster county. John Binkley married Isa- bella Martin, daughter of Robert Martin, the latter coming to America from Ireland in his youth. Mrs. Binkley died in 1894, at the age of eighty-three. The career of Robert Martin, the maternal grand- father of Ca,pt. Binkley, was a rather romantic one : In his youth he deserted his ancestral home, al- though the son of an Irish noble, running away from a stepmother ; later he married a Miss Peeling, who was a daughter of Joshua Peeling, a Revolutionary patriot, who was wounded at the battle of Brandy- wine. Six children were born to John Binkley and wife, one of these, Salome, dying in early child- hood, the others being: Catherine, widow of Gid- eon Barr, lives in the old Binkley homestead, near Bird-in-Hand ; Miss Annie lives at home ; Dr. W. G. is a prominent practicing physician of Washing- ton borough ; Miss Maria Peeling ; and John Lewis. John Lewis Binkley was born at Smoketown, Oct. 28, 1845, and was educated in the public schools of his district. His business career had not yet been decided upon when occurred the stirring events of 1861. Knowing full well that his father would never consent to his entering the army at the age of fifteen years, so fired was he with patri- otic enthusiasm he did not stop to ask permission, but enlisted as a bugler in the 9th P. V. C. Before the loyal but injiidicious lad had a chance to show his valor his father found him, brought him home, and, to avoid further temptation, placed him in a school at Tremont. Here he remained until the fol- lowing Spring, recognizing his father's superior judgment, and- later became a student in the State Normal School at Millersville. When the State of Pennsylvania was invaded by the troops of Gen. Lee, Morris Wickersham, of the Nomal school, formed a company of the Millers- ville students, and it goes without saying that young Binkley was one of the number. Following this experience Capt. Binkley enlisted in the 50th Pa. Vol. Militia, under the late brave Col. Emlen Frank- lin, and served three months. This was after the 122nd Regiment, of which Col. Emlen Franklin was the head, had been out nine months. To please his father young Binkley now returned to his studies and even engaged in school teaching, but his heart was with the men who were striving to subdue the foe, and again he became a soldier, entering the 86tli P. V. I. and serving until the close of the war. His military and loyal spirit was again shown when he placed his services at the command of his Govern- ment during the Spanish-American war. Mr. Bink- ley raised a company, of which he was made cap- tain, and his brave men were ready to take part, but there proved to be no occasion. After the close of the Civil war Capt. Binkley returned to Indiana, where he had previously been engaged in teaching, and remained there until 1867, in the Spring of 1S68 opening up a grocery business in Lancaster. With the exception of about six years spent with Lane & Co., in the dry-goods business, Capt. Binkley has been in the grocery trade here ever since that time. His present location is at No. 133 East King street, where he has one of the most complete and best appointed grocery stores in this part of the State. His stock includes all kinds of staples and also novelties from other lands, dis- played in a manner calculated to please every taste. Capt. Binkley was united in marriage in 1868 to Miss Mary M. Herr, who was a daughter of the late Daniel Herr, a fanner, who was a lineal descendant of Hans Herr, one of the five Swiss patriots who formed a nucleus in the settlement of Lancaster county so many generations ago. Five children were born to Capt. Binkley and wife: Elizabeth, wife of John W. Bush, a son of the late Col. L. L. Bush ; Maude, wife of William S. Barn- holt, a stock-broker in this city; Marbel, wife of George W. Morrison, freight agent for the Penn- sylvania Railroad at Thorndale, Chester county; John Martin, a graduate of the school-ship "Sara- toga," and now quartermaster in the service of the Panama Railway Steamship Company, plying be- tween New York City and Colon, Central America ; and Florence, a graduate of the Lancaster High School, a bright and accomplished young lady. Capt. and Mrs. Binkley, with their charming daughter, reside in an elegant home located at No. 106 South Ann street, Lancaster, which the Captain purchased some years since. The religious connec- tion of the family is with the First Methodist Church. Capt. Binkley belongs to no organizations with the one exception of Admiral Reynolds Post, No. 405, G. A. R. Few men of this Grand Army Post have been more active in its work than Capt. Binkley. Almost all of the offices have been effi- ciently managed by him, and he is a past command- er ; is district adjutant of the Central Association of Grand Army Posts,, and is on the staff of the com- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1S25 mander-in-chief. In his political sympathy he has long been an ardent Republican, and takes the deep- est interest in the Young Republican Club. Attentive to business, earnest and active in pub- lic affairs, of a generous and social nature, Capt. Binkley enjoys the esteem of hosts of friends. FREDERICK STAMM. It has been truly said that the department of biography is crowded with the lives of men who have been distinguished in war, politics, science, literature and the professions. Rhetoric has been exhausted in the effort to direct in these upper walks of life the youthful and the ambitious, and the result is that the professions and the 'genteel callings" are tilled to overflowing. It is another, but commendable task to hold up for study and emulation the lives of the wise and the good. One who liv€s in Lancaster, and who gained years ago the respect and confidence of his fellow townsmen, and who retains the friendship and trust of all who know him by his peaceful and well-or^ dered ' Hfe, is Frederick Stamm, an inventor, whose home for many years has been at No. 516 East King street, Lancaster. Frederick Stamm, his grandfather, in early man- hood bought the tannery at the division of the Phil- adelphia turnpike and the old Penn road, and "Stamm's tannery'' for three generations was a land- mark in Lancaster county. When the Lochers owned it, it was but a small affair, and Mr. Stamm greatly enlarged it when it came into his hands. Mr. Stamm married a Miss Pickel, of Irish descent, and from this union were born the following children : John ; Peter ; David ; Elizabeth, wife of Rudolph Kauffman, a wheelwright ; Sarah, the wife of Chris- tian Sterneman, a school teacher; and Polly, who was the first wife of Rudolph Kauffman. David .Stamm, the third son mentioned above, married Miss Eve Cook, daughter of Peter Cook, a farmer, and a son of one of the early settlers of Franklin county, and from this union were born: Harriet married Capt. James Cross, a gallant officer m the War of the Rebellion, and both are now' de- ceased ; Peter C, a tanner is also deceased ; Freder- ick lives in Lancaster; Mary is the widow of A. K. Hoffmeier: Hiram, a vetei-an of the Civil war, is a leaf tobacco dealer, and choir-master of the First Reformed Church : Henry Clay, a tanner and cur- rier, now lives at Mechanicsburg, Pa.; David, de- ceased was organist of the First Reformed Church, having been a teacher of the organ and the piano; and Rebecca makes her home with her brother Hiram in this citv. Frederick Stamm was born on the old homestead just east of Witmer's Bridge, in February, 1832, where his father, and his grandfather as well, car- ried on tanning, currying and farming. His educa- tion was obtained in the neighboring district school, and when he was fifteen years of age he entered his father's tannery, remaining there for some three vears. For eight years he was employed in a plan- ing mill at Lancaster, and during these years richly developed that inventive genius that had come down to him from his grandfather, who made the first shovel and the first land roller ever used in this sec- tion. They were never patented, and were at the free use of his neighbors. This inventive faculty de- scended to his grandson, whose fortunes afford the theme of this article, and one result was the Eureka Bark Mill, which was patented Jan. 31, 1871, and Was first manufactured in a foundry on West Chest- nut street, but the demand for it proving unexpected- ly large, it was transferred to John Best's extensive works, and there it has since been manufactured. Very many thousands of these mills have been sold, and they have lessened the labors of tanners all over the world, as nothing so good in the line of a bark mill has been made. Mr. Stamm is mechanical, heat and ventilating engineer for the Best Works, and his services are required in distant places as well as at home, he having put in heating plants last year in Chicago, Mobile, and other distant points, as well as being very biisy near at home. Mr. Stamm was married in his early life to Miss Eliza, a daughter of John Echternacht, a farmer just below .Strasburg. Mr. Echternacht was born in Germany, but his wife, who was a Miss Potts, be- longed to one of the oldest and best known families of Lancaster county. To this union were born four children, three of whom are now living : Eve Marie, the wife of Dr. E. Merle Bishop, then of Green- castle, but now a practicing dentist in Hanover, Pa. ; Mary Louise, the wife of Charles L. Marshall, a bookkeeper, and Margaret Ethel, now at home with her father, having assumed the cares of the house; hold at the death of her devoted and beloved mother; Mr. Stamm sent all his girls through the Girls' High School in Lancaster. Mr. Stamm was fi Whig in early life, but attached himself to the Republican party on its organization, and has since worked with it, though never seeking or caring for official station. From early manhood Mr. Stamm has been a member of the First Reformed Church of this city, and for some sixteen years or more has served on its Board of Trustees. For many years he has sung in the choir of that church, of which his brother Hiram is the leader, and his lamented brother David the or- ganist. Mr. Stamm has a fine library, containing among other valuable books, some rare works on scientific subjects, all of which he has diligently and intelli- gently read, and to such advantage that for ten years or more he has been a member of the Engineers' Club, of Philadelphia, one of the most distinguished bodies of engineers in the state. CARL P. STAMM, the successful-young dentist, whose pleasant office is located at his home on North Prince street, between Orange and Chestnut streets, is one of the young professional men of whom Lan- caster is justly proud. He was born in 1871, and. received his literary training in the public schools: 1326 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY His dental studies were begun in 1885 under the able instruction of that thorough practitioner, Dr. H. D. Knight, with whom he remained four years. . In 1889 he matriculated at the Philadelphia Dental Col- lege, from which he was graduated in 1891. The next year he opened an office above the hardware store "of Stoner, Shreiner & Co., but the quarters there proved too small for his rapidly increasing business, and a year later he moved to No. 40 West Kuig street, btit in 1895 he was again obliged to move to accommodate his extensive custom. In 1892 Dr. Knight wrote of Dr. Stamm as follows: "Dr. Stamm's gentlemanly manner and thorough work are worthy of and receive admiration, and he [Dr. Knight] takes this opportunity to recommend Dr. Stamm to any who may need his professional ser- vices, feeling assured they will find in him a pleasant and efficient operator." In 1892 Dr. Stamm married Miss Emma S. Mayer, of Reading, Pa., daughter of George Mayer. Two children blessed this union, but Ruth died in infancy, the other, Miriam, is a bright little sun- beam in the home. BENJAMIN H. HERSHEY, a well known dealer in coal and agricultural implements, and a prominent business man of Manheim,, Lancaster county, is descended from one of the oldest families of the county. The first of the name to come to America were two brothers, Andrew and Benjamin Hershey, who crossed the Atlantic from the Pa- latinate, in Germany, in 171 7, and located near Lan- caster, Pa., at what is now Wheatland. Later came Christian. It is from Benjamin that our subject is descended. He is supposed to have been a member of the Mennonite Church, and either he or his son settled on a farm one and a half miles east of Man- heim, which property is still in the possession of the family, now belonging to Levi Hershey. It is be- lieved to have been purchased from William Penn originally, and cleared and improved by the family. The tract now consists of 130 acres. Christian Hershey, grandfather of Benjamin H., was born in this country in 1789, and it is supposed that his father, as well as his grandfather, bore the name of Christian. Each in turn lived on the old homestead. Christian (i) was born in Lancaster county in 1719, Christian (2) in 1762. Christian Hershey (7,) was reared on the farm, and always followed agricultural pursuits. He was a man of more than ordinary ability, and stood high among his fellow men, being looked up to as a leader and adviser, but he never sought political preferrnent, choosing to instruct and advise rather than officiate, though he filled some township offices. He was a member of tlie Mennonite Church, and in early life was a Whig in politics, but after the organization of the Republican party he affiliated with the same. He married Susan Bear, and to them were born two .children : Dt.viu, father of Benjamin H. ; and Mary, wife of Henry Brubaker, who resided at Hammer Creek, beyond Lexmgton, and also belonged to one of the old families of Lancaster county. David Hershey was born in 1817, on a part of the old homestead, was there reared to manhood, and received a limited education in the public schools of the neighborhood. He followed farming throughout life, and was a quiet, unassuming man, domestic in his tastes, and refraining from all public life. He was a devout member of the Mennonite Church, in which he served as deacon twenty-five years, and died in that faith in 1898. He married Fannie Hostetter, and of the four children bom to them Benjamin H. is the eldest; Susan is the wife of Simon K. Nissly, of Lancaster; Amos H. re- sides on a farm adjoining the old homestead near Manheim ; and David C. resides in Manheim. Benjamin H. Hershey was born Oct. 10, 1847* and passed his boyhood and youth on the home farm, where he remained until he attained his majority. Having received a good practical education in the public schools, he successfullv engaged in teaching for three years in the vicinity of Manheim, and then spent several years in various parts of the West. On returning to Lancaster county, in 1877, he located in Manheim and succeeded Jacob H. Kline in the coal business, which he still conducts. Since 1882 he has also dealt in agricultural implements, and he has built up quite a large and profitable business in both lines. On Feb. i, 1S87, Mr. Hershey married Miss Isabella Sharp, daughter of John L. Sharp, of Man- heim, and they have two children: David Lyman, born Jan. 12, 1889; and Mary Isabella, born Nov. 7, 1897. The parents are active members of the Reformed Church, in which Mr. Hershey has served as elder for the past three years. In his political views he is a Republican, and he is now efficiently serving as a member of the school board of Man- heim, having always taken an active interest iri ed- ucational affairs. He is secretary of the Water Com- pany of Manheim, of which he was one of the or- ganizers, and is a stockholder in the Manheim Na- tional Bank and was a member of its board of direc- tors for some years. As a business man he is enter- prising, energetic and progressive, and generally carries forward to successful completion whatever he undertakes. JAMES HENRY MARStlALL, ex-postmaster of Lancaster, and at present one of the efficient men connected with the city post-office where he holds the position of assistant postmaster, is deservedly one of the most popular men of the day in Lancaster. William Marshall, the father of James H., was born in Lancaster in 1812, and was a shoe maker by trade. For many years he was janitor at Franklin and Marshall College. He married Elizabeth Sow^ ers, who was born in 1812, daughter of Henry Sow- ers. A family of twelve children were born to them, of whom five are yet living: William A., a graduate from the Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md., BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1327 is a Commander, United States Navy ; James Henry'; Mrs. John J. Keffer lives in Harrisburg ; and Miss Emma L. and Mrs. Henry Elias live in Lancaster. James Henry Marshall was born in Lancaster, Sept. 12, 1838, and received his education in fhe city schools and parochial school of St. James Epis- copal Church. When he readied the age of seven- teen years he became an apprentice at the printing trade in the ofifice of the Lancaster Examiner, and after serving his time, was a pressman in the Harris- burg Patriot. In 1859 he went to Nashville, Tenn., where he was employed in the Baptist Publishing House. Coming back to Lancaster he became fore- man of the Examiner office, where he at the time enlisted, Oct. 5, 1861, joining Co. K, 79th P. V. I., and with his command was assigned to the Army of the Cumberland. When his three years of service were up, he veteranized, re-enlisting for the war. Mr. Marshall was engaged with his regiment at the battles of Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Missionary Ridge, and followed Gen- eral Sherman on his triumphant march to the sea. On Feb. 12, 1862, he was made commissary sergeant and on Jan. 2C, 1865, was commissioned first lieuten- ant by Gov. Curtin, and was also appointed quarter- master of the regiment. After the Georgia cam- paign, he participated in the battles of Goldsboro and Bentonville, and after the surrender of Gen. John- ston, he took part in-the Grand Review at Washing- ton, and was mustered out in July, 1865. Mr. Marshall worked at his trade for some years after the end of the war, being at Coatesville, Pa., for a time, when he was appointed United States Deputy Marshal for Lancaster. He became a letter carrier, Dec. i, 1867, and served eight years in that capacity. On Jan. 26, 1876, he was appointed post- master of Lancaster, and was reappointed in 1881, continuing in office until Aug. 10, 1885, when he was retired on account of a change in the national administration. After retiring from the postal serv- ice he was made financial clerk of the Soldiers' Or- phan Schools at Harrisburg, receiving his appoint- ment from the State Superintendent, Dr. E. E. Higbee, and he resigned this position to become as- sistant postmaster under the late "Major Griest, holding the same relation to his successor. Major Reinoehl. who died in December, 1900. On the death of this latter gentleman Mr. Marshall was strongly urged by many persons for appointment to the vacant ofKce. Mr. Marshall, while home on a furlough, was married May 26, 1863, to Miss Katherine W. Mc- Caskey, a daughter of the late William McCaskey, for many years in die Pennsylvania Railroad service, and a sister of Dr. J. P. McCaskey, the veteran prin- cipal of the Boys' High School of Lancaster, and publisher of the Pennsylvania School Journal. Six children were born to this union : Maggie died at the age of seventeen ; William L., a graduate of the Lancaster Pligh School, now receiving teller in the Farmers' National Bank, of Lancaster, married in 1898 Wilhelmina, daughter of Henry Wolf, and has a son, Henry James; Bertha P. is at home; Harry H., a clerk in the Lancaster post office, married July 1900, Maggie McGovern; Maude is a clerk; and Blanche is at school. Mr. Marshall is a member of the St. James Epis- copal Church, where he has been a vestryman for a number of years. In Masonic circles he is con- spicuous, holding membership in Lancaster Lodge, No. 43, A. F. & A. M ., and Lancaster Chapter, No. 43, Royal Arch Masons. As treasurer of the Lancas- ter Monumental Association, he succeeded Major Shenk at his death. He is also prominently identi- fied with George H. Thomas Post, No. 84, G. A. R. In whatever position of trust and responsibility he may have been placed, Mr. Marshall has always ac- qquitted himself well. Since 1867 he has been con- nected almost continuously with the Lancaster post ofifice with the exception of the Cleveland era, and here he has always given the greatest satisfaction to the public both by his ability and his courteous treatment of all with whom he comes in contact. EMANUEL H. HERR, an enterprising farmer and business man of East Lampeter township, was bom Aug. 30, 1839, on the farm which he still oc- cupies. He belongs to a well-known family of this section, being a son of Solomon Herr, and a grand- son of Abraham Herr. The latter was born in Lan- caster county, and lived near Lancaster City all his life. By occupation he was a farmer and distiller. He was one of the Old Mennonites in Lancaster county. His family consisted of five children, as follows : Solomon, the father of our subject ; Peter, Abram and Christian, all deceased ; and Annie, wife of Henry Herr. Solomon Herr was born in East Lampeter town- ship, Jan. 6, 1806. Pie lived at home with his par- ents until he was of age, receiving a common school education, and then began farming for himself on the place a part of which our subject now owns. He, too, was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. He married Miss Catherine Herr, daugh- ter of John and Barbara Herr, of Manor township, and they became the parents of six children, two of whom died in infancy ; Emanuel H., and Abraham and Elias H. (twins) reside in East Lampeter town- ship ; and Adam H., of Lancaster City. Emanuel H. Herr worked for his father until he was twenty-one years of age, received a common school education, and when he began life for him- self continued farming, which has been his main occupation to the present time. In connection with his agricultural pursuits he ran a thresher for thirty years, and has also been engaged in butchering quite extensively. Mr. Herr has prospered in all his un- dertakings, and now ranks among the progressive and well-to-do residents of his township. He is a public-spirited man, deeply interested in the public as well as the commercial welfare of his community. He is a member of the Reformed Church. 1328 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Mr. Herr first wedded Miss Mary Witmer, daughter of Rev. David Witmer and to this union were born eight children, two of whom died in in- fancy ; David L. Hves in Quarryville, Pa. ; Hattie A. is the wife of Reuben W. Myers; Lizzie is the wife of Reuben Esbenshade ; Mary L. is the widow of Enos Eby, of Strasburg; Emlin W. is deceased; Ida C. is the wife of David Myers, of East Lampeter. The mother of these children died Aug. 21, 1888, and on Sept. 17, 1889, Mr. Herr married for his second wife, Mrs. Annie C. Herr, widow of Jacob M. Herr. To this union was born one son, Roy S., who lives at home. Mrs. Annie C. Herr died Sept. 30, 1898. On Nov, 14, 1899, our subject was united in mar- riage with Mrs. Susan Killinger, widow of John Lewis Killinger. CHARLES FREDERICK DILLER, sole pro- prietor of the Peerless Emery Wheel Co., of Lan- caster, presents in his life a notable illustration of what intelligence, industry, indomitable courage and honorable meriiods can accomplish. He comes of a long and sturdy line of Pennsylvanians. Leonard Diller, his grandfather, was a noted auctioneer of Lancaster, and the late Isaac Diller, father of Charles F., was the founder of the extensive Diller Hardware Store, of Lancaster, which afterward became the Isaac Diller's Sons' Store. It is now owned by Herr & Suavely, who bought the business from Isaac Dil- ler's sons. Isaac Diller married Miss Anna Margaret Frey, daughter of the late Jacob Frey, who owned a farm in the western suburbs of Lancaster, the sale of por- tions of this tract as building lots giving the first im- petus to the great building operations in the West End of the city. To this union were born nine chil- dren, four of whom are now living: William F., who is a coal and slate dealer of Lancaster ; Lydia, who is unmarried, and lives with her aged though still active mother on East Orange street, Lancaster ; Anna M., who spent three years in perfecting her- self in music in Leipsic, Germany, and is the wife of Edward D. Starbuck, Ph. D., a professor in ' the great Stanford University, California ; and Charles F., who is noted above as the proprietor of the Peerless Emery Wheel Co. One of the nine chil- dren of Isaac Diller who has entered into rest was Rev. Alonzo Potter Diller, a deeply lamented Epis- copal clergyman, who met death in the great Johns- town flood, his body — with one arm clasped around his wife and the other about their only child — hav- ing been found in the debris after the waters had sub- sided. Charles Frederick Diller was born in Lancaster Jan. 29, 1861, and was educated in St. James Paro- chial School, at the Franklin and Marshall Acad- emy, and at Franklin and Marshall College. Leaving the latter institution, he was placed on his father's farm in Providence township, and after spending a year there entered his father's hardware and house furnishing store, on East King street. In this establishment, first as employe, and then as pro- prietor, he was engaged for a quarter of a century, selling out eventually, as noted above, to Herr & Snavelv. In 1893 Mr. Diller started, in a very un- pretentious way, the manufacture of the Peerless Emery Wheels, but the business soon took on such proportions that he was obliged to purchase exten- sive buildings and grounds, on North Charlotte street, in Lancaster. His original investments have since been mcreased, until at the present writing the company owns one of the finest plants in the city, and employs twenty-five men ; their goods are used all over the civilized world. Besides his other interests- Mr. Diller is a director of the Lancaster and Colum- bia Turnpike, of Greenwood cemetery, and of the Fulton National Bank, and he is secretary of the Cassidy Fork Boom & Lumber Co., in West Vir- ginia. On June 30, 1885, Charles F. Diller was married to Miss Sarah R. Slaymaker, daughter of the late John Slaymaker, of Williamstown, Lancaster coun- ty. The ceremony was performed in a house that that has been in the bride's family for five genera- tions. To this union were born five children, four of whom are now living, John having entered inte- rest at the age of three years. Those surviving are Isaac, who is named after his grandfather Isaac;. Sara Ferree, bearing the name of her great-grand- mother ; Charles Frederick, who is attending a kin- dergarten school; and DeBois, the youngest of the family. Mr. Diller belongs to the Order of Artisans, the Royal Arcanum and St. John's Episcopal Church. In politics he is an independent. He has a delight- ful home at No. 210 North Prince street, which he .purchased before his marriage, and where all his children have been born. TOBIAS R. KREIDER, of East Lampeter township, Lancaster county, was born Oct. 17, 1827, on the same farm upon which both his father and grandfather were born. The history of the Kreider family is interesting from a number of points of view. It indicates in a marked degree those admir- able traits of domesticity and love of family ties so often seen in eastern states. Three generations have been born on the same homestead. Tobias Kreider, grandfather of Tobias R., was born on the place- and he died there. He was a member of the Old Mennonite Church, and a good, moral upright man and citizen all the days of his life. He was the father of nine children: Martin (father of Tobias R.) Tobias, Jacob and Henry, and five girls. All these children were brought up in Lampeter township. Martin Kreider, as already stated, was born on the home place in 1793. He remained there all his life, but from time to time purchased adjoining land which still remains in the possession of the family. He married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Christian Rohrer. They were the parents of seven children : Mary, wife of Henry F. Rowe; Henry, deceased;- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1329 Martin, deceased; Tobias R., the subject of this sketch; John, of West Lampeter township; EHza- beth, wife of Henry Doner; and Daniel, of West Lampeter township. Tobias R. Kreider Hved at home with his parents until he was twenty-three years old, receiving dur- ing the time a fair common-school education. He then married Miss Annie, daughter of John Kreider, and settled on his father-in-law's farm, where he re- sided for thirty-one years, when he purchased an adjoining farm and moved onto it. Mr. Kreider is very well-to-do, and while engag- ing directly in no other occupation than farming, has other interests ; for instance, he has been a director of the I'armers National Bank of Lancaster, for the ]Dast live years, and was also a director of the Stras- burg turnpike for a time. He is a Republican in politics, and held the ofifice of school director for a number of years. Both Mr. and Mrs. Kreider are members of the Old Mennonite Church. This worthy couple have been blessed with six children, as follows : Mary, wife of Henry Rohrer ; Eliza- beth, wife of Isaac Eby, bishop of the Old Men- nonite Church ; Martin, who now lives on the old homestead in West Lampeter township, being of the fourth generation of the family to reside there ; Anna, deceased wife of Christian Stauffer; John, with whom Mr. Kreider now lives ; and Hettie, who died unmarried. Mrs. Kreider died Dec. 5, 1889, at the age of fifty-seven years, two months and thirteen days. Although Mr. Kreider is somewhat advanced in years, he is hale and hearty, and he takes an active interest in passing events. He is respected by all who know him and has lived an honorable and up- right life. ROBEi^T SMITH, superintendent of the New Era press room, enjoys the distinction of being the only printer in Lancaster who has ever been con- nected with the great publishing house of J. B. Lip- pincott & Co., having been associated with that house continuously for a period of twenty-five years, serv- ing until the great fire which destroyed their build- ing, on Thanksgiving Day, 1899. Those who com- prehend the amount of ability which is necessary in order to successfuUv hold a position with such a house as that of the Lippincotts will understand that Mr. Smith must be thoroughly acquainted with his business in every detail. Mr. Smith can trace his ancestry to Scotch-Irish progenitors, and his maternal grandfather was of the "landed gentry"'' class in his native country. Coming to America, he made his home in Philadel- phia, where his last years were passed. Isaac Smith, father of Robert, of Lancaster, was a stationary en- gineer, was born in Londonderry, Ireland, arid died in Philadelphia some thirty years ago. His widow, who was born in Scotland, died in Philadelphia in 1896. They had a family of thirteen children, only four of whom survive: ' Sarah, who is the wife of John Watkins, of Philadelphia ; Mary J., who is the 84 wife of Dean Caterson, a farmer of Wayne county ; Wilham, who is a printer, in Philadelphia; and Rob- ert, of Lancaster. Robert Smith was born in Philadelphia Dec. 8, 1853, and was educated in the public schools of that city. When fourteen years old he became apprenticed to the printer's trade with McLaughlin Brothers, who were relations on his mother's side. One of them was Frank McLaughlin, who was connected with the Philadelphia Times for so many years. At the age of twenty-two years Mr. Smith entered the house of J. B. Lippincott & Co., and by faithful at- tention to duty and honest service he was gradually* promoted until he was made foreman of the job press room, a lucrative as well as responsible position.' After the fire Mr. Smith came to Lancaster and ac- cepted his present position, his knowledge gained during his long association with the Philadelphia house making his skilled services pa:rticularly valu- able. Few men possess a more thorough knowledge of the technical part of the business than Mr. Smith, and his intelligence and fund of general inforiiiation are also exceptional. Mr. Smith's first marriage was to Sarah Dus- wold, who died in 1893, the mother of three children : Isaac, who is in the postal service in Philadelphia; William, who is in the service of the Pennsylvania railroad, and lives in Philadelphia; and Elizabeth/ who is also a resident of that city. In 1896 Mr. Smith married Miss Ella Neff, of Philadelphia, In religious belief he is a Baptist, while fraternally he is connected with the order of Odd Fellows. The Smith family has been noted for its longevity, the youngest of his ancestors having lived to the age of eighty-five years, the oldest reaching the age of ninety-six. DAVID L. KREIDER has for a number of years lived retired in East Lampeter township, where dur- ing his active life he was successfully engaged in farming. Mr. Kreider is a grandson of John Kreider, who was born in Lancaster county, and lived there all his- life. By occupation he was a farmer. He married Miss Barbara Buckholder, and they were the par- ■ exits of the following named children : Daniel, a farmer of Lancaster county ; Jacob, who was a tailor by trade ; John, who died at the age of sixteen years ; Lizzie, wife of John Stoumb ; Annie, wife of John Lesher ; Mary, wife of Daniel Rohrer ; and Abraham. Abraham Kreider, the father of our subject, was born in East Lampeter township. His father dying^ when he was a mere lad, Abraham was put out to work on a farm, and he received a common-school education, attending during the winter season. He married Miss Susan Landis, and to them were born eight children, two of whom died in childhood ; Ben- jamin died when eighteen years of age ; Annie is the wife of Jacob Lefever ; Miss Susan resides in Wit- mer ; David L. is mentioned below ; John, deceased; lived on the old farm ; and Levi L. is deputy sheriff 1330 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY of Lancaster county. The parents were both mem- bers of the Old Mennonite Church. David L. Kreider was born in East Lampeter township Dec. i, 1835^ and was educated in the local public schools. He continued to live at home until he was twenty- three years of age, when he began farming on his own account, on the place he now oc- cupies in East Lampeter township. In 1885 he gave up active farming pursuits, and since that time he has lived retired. In 1850 Mr. Kreider wedded Miss Mary K. Lan- dis, daughter of Benjamin B. Landis, and to this union have been born three children : Sue L. is the wife of Rufus K. Cooper, of Mechanicsburg, Pa. ; Lizzie L. is the wife of John Kreider, of East Lam- peter; Mollie L. is the wife of Amos G. Herr, of Bird-in-Hand. Mr. and Mrs. Kreider and one daughter are members of the Old Mennonite Church. JACOB H. ROHRER, who has but recently re- tired from active life, was for over half a century interested in various lines of business in Lancaster coimty, and no resident of East Lampeter is more highly respected. Mr. Rohrer is a son of Jacob Rohrer, who was born in East Lampeter township, on a farm which our subject now owns, in about 1781. He followed farming exclusively all his life, and died at the ad- vanced age of eighty-six years. In politics he was a member of the Old Whig party, but he never sought office. Religiously he was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. He married Miss Annie Hart- man, daughter of Christian Hartman, and they were the parents of five children : Mary, who was the wife of Christian Johns, a farmer of New Holland ; Eliza- beth, who died unmarried; Abraham, a farmer of East Lampeter township; Annie, wife of Peter Johns, a farmer ; and Jacob H. Jacol) H. Rohrer was bom on the old homestead in East Lampeter township, April 17, 1821, received a common-school education, and lived with his par- ents until he was about twenty years of age. Then he began life for himself, farming on the old home- stead for twenty-nine years. Meantime other lines of business also claimed his attention, and he fol- lowed them with uniform success. He was the senior member of the firm of Rohrer, Johns & Co., who built and sold the Champion reaper and mower in Lancaster county. After this firm dissolved he en- gaged in droving quite extensively, shipping from Chicago, Pittsburg and Baltimore, horses, mules, cattle, etc. He also engaged quite extensively in growing and buying tobacco and was regarded as one of Lancaster county's successful tobacco dealers. In politics, Mr. Rohrer has always affiliated with the Republican party, and he has held various important offices, discharging the duties of same with credit to himself, and to the satisfaction of all concerned. For three years he was prison inspector, and he was also poor director for the same length of time, and during his term of office bought all the meat consumed in the institution. He served as school director for some nine years, and was also auditor of the town- ship for a time. Public-spirited in all things, he was one of the committee who constructed the Bridge- port and Horseshoe pike, and he has been one of the directors up to the present time. In 1868, Mr. Roh- rer left the old farm and moved to where he now re- sides, and he conducted a coal and lumber business until 1900, since which time he has lived retired. Mr. Rohrer married Miss Maria Shaffer, daugh- ter of Adam Shaffer, and to this marriage came eleven children: Annie (deceased) was the wife of Benjamin Kreider ; Elizabeth is the widow of John L. Kreider ; Adam S. is deceased ; Abraham S. is a farmer in East Lampeter township ; Susanna is the wife of Abraham Herr ; Jacob is a farmer in Para- dise township ; Amanda is the wife of Jacob Burk- hart ; Aaron is a farmer in East Lampeter township ; Mary died unmarried at the age of twenty-seven; Milton S. is a farmer in East Lampeter; Emma is the wife of John Buckwalter. The mother of the above named children died in 1885. Mr. Rohrer has spent a long life, full of useful- ness, and he is one of Lancaster county's most es- teemed citizens. JAMES FORNEY McCOY, one of the most prorninent of the younger members of the Lancaster Bar, is ably sustaining the enviable reputation es- tablished by his distinguished and honored ances- tors. He is the third of the family to bear the name of James, and the McCoys have been long at home on American soil. James McCoy, our subject's grandfather, was a farmer in the State of Delaware, and his father, Rev. James McCoy, has been the beloved pastor of the Bellevue Presbyterian Church, at Paradise, this county, for the past fourteen years. The latter mar- ried Alice Grove, a daughter of Jacob Grove, a wholesale druggist of Baltimore, Md. To this union came two children : a daughter who died in infancy ; and James Forney. James Forney McCoy was born Dec. 20, 1874, in Columbia, Lancaster county, where his father then had a charge. After attending a preparatory school at Kingston, N. Y., he entered the University of Pennsylvania, completed the Sophomore year there, and then entered the law department of, that insti- tution, from which he was graduated in the class of 1898. He was admitted to" the Philadelphia Bar in June, 1899, but not desiring to practice in Philadel- phia he came to Lancaster, at once entering the office of Brown & Hensel, to further perfect himself in the mastery of the intricacies of the law. In December, 1899, he was admitted to practice in the courts of Lancaster county, and later was admitted to the Superior and Supreme Courts, in both of which he has practiced with profit to his clients and credit to himself. Mr. McCoy is naturally a Presbyterian, his father being one of the foremost Presbyterian BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1831 divines in Lancaster county. Politically he is a Democrat, and has enjoyed the distinguished con- sideration, although so young, of receiving the nom- ination for district attorney of Lancaster county in 1901. Mr. McCoy is a member of the Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity, Franklin and Marshall College. So- cially, religiously and professionally he has already gained an enviable standing, and life for him is full of promise. HENRY F. HARTMAN (deceased) was a man highly respected for his many admirable per- sonal qualities, as virell as for his keen business in- stincts and the success which attended his efforts. He died in East Lampeter township June 27, 1899, and was buried in Pleller's Church cemetery, Lea- cock township. Henry F. Hartman was born June 20, 1830, in Bavaria, Germany, and emigrated to America in 1849, locating in New York State upon his arrival in this country. There he remained for one year, after which he went to New Jersey, and after a few years he located at Witmer, Lancaster Co., Pa., where he conducted a farm and operated some ex- cellent lime-kilns, becoming very prominent and meeting with unqualified success ; he thoroughly understood every detail of his business and knew how to take advantage of all opportunities offered. In political matters Mr. Hartman was a strong Democrat, taking a great interest in party affairs and being a popular leader in his community. For three years he served most acceptably as county commissioner, from 1885 to 1888. Fraternally he was a member of the F. & A. M., reaching the ICnight Templar degree. At the time of his death he was a member of three insurance companies. His church connections were with those of the Men- Bonite faith. A good business man, a kind neighbor and loving husband and father, he made many friends, and was noted for his liberal spirit and charity, of both speech and action. On Jan. 3, 1856, in New Holland, Pa., Mr. Hartman married Catherine Krantz, and they had the following children: Anna M. married John Roth, and they live on the old homestead in East Lampeter township, and have seven children; Henry, who died at the age of twenty-six, married Lizzie Peters, and they had three children; Eliza- beth died at the age of four; Catherine married Jeremiah Delong, of Lancaster, Pa., and they have seven children ; Mary married Levi Bixler, a grocer of Lancaster, and they have five children; David, who operates the old lime-kilns of his father, mar- ried Lizzie Hoar, and they have eight children; Christian was killed on the railroad ; Jacob, who is unmarried, resides on the old homestead; John K. is a resident of Lancaster. Mrs. Hartman was born March 9, 1829, daugh- ter of John and Elizabeth (Fox) Krantz, of Ger- many, who came to America in 1852, settling at Octoraro, Lancaster Co., Pa., where he earned on farming, d3dng in i860, aged sixty-one; his wife died in 1867, aged sixty, and both are buried in the Strasburg Mennonite cemetery. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Krantz were as follows: Catherine; John, who married Fanny Herr; Barbara (de- ceased), who married Jacob Getz; Mary, married to Peter Howan, of Cullom, 111.; Lizzie (deceased), who married John Gress, of Cullom, 111. ; Chris- tiann, who married Frank Reyburn, of Lancaster, Pa.; and Lena (deceased), Mrs. Graybill, of Cul- lom, Illinois. Mrs. Hartman has a very pleasant, hospitable home in Lancaster, where she welcomes her friends and family. Although she mourns the loss of her husband, she has learned to look upon the cheerful side of afflictions even, and sets a beautiful example by her Christian fortitude and charitable actions, endearing herself to all who know her. SAMUEL SHEAFFER STACKS, the efficient judgment and mortgage clerk to the county com- missioners of Lancaster county, and who has held that position since 1894, as well as having been as- sistant clerk for five years to Secretary of the Com- monwealth W. W. Griest when the latter was chief clerk to the county commissioners, is a genial, clever gentleman, and has made hosts of friends by his courteous and intelligent discharge of the re- sponsible duties of his office. Thomas Stacks, his grandfather, came to Amer- ica from England, and settled in York county, where he followed his trade of blacksmith, making a specialty of the manufacture of sickles, which were of the finest make and much larger than those of to-day. Thomas Stacks, son of Thomas (i), came to Lancaster county from York county when he was eleven years old. He was a farmer for a time in East Donegal township, and later followed the same occupation in West Donegal and near Washington borough. He died in the latter place Feb. 24, 1901, aged eighty-two years. He married Miss Mary Sheaffer, of Dauphin county, and their home was brightened by nine children, of whom the following named are living : Jacob S., of Chicago ; Elizabeth, wife of Joseph A. Schlegelmilch, a contracting car- penter of Auburn, 111. ; Mary, wife of Joseph A. Lindemuth, a retired farmer of Columbia; Fanny, wife of Eli Menaugh, a contractor and builder of Florin ; Amanda, wife of Jonathan Shank, a con- tractor and builder of West Donegal ; Emma, wife of Lincoln Stehman, a farmer of Manor ; and Sam- uel S., assistant clerk to the county commissioners. Samuel Sheaflfer Stacks was born in East Done- gal township May 28, 1853, and was educated in the schools of his district and at Lebanon Valley Col- lege. Leaving the latter institution, Mr. Stacks en- tered into the coal and lumber business with his father at Florin, and, dissolving the partnership after a while, he carried on the business himself for one year, at the end of which time he became a 1382 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY tobacco farmer. His next venture was in connec- tion with the Conoy Creamery Company, after which he spent two years in the employ of the State Tobacco Growers' Association of Pennsylvania, in connection with one of' their experimental stations. Mr. Stacks is a member of the Knights of the Mystic Chain, of Florin, having been recording scribe since the organization of that body in his home place — a period of twelve years. He also be- longs to the Knights of Malta, of Lancaster. In re- ligious work he has always been active, and is a inember and trustee of the U. B. Church of Florin, as well as a teacher in the Sunday-school, of which he was for seven years superintendent. Mr. Stacks married Miss Leah Geistwheit, daughter of Jacob Geistwheit, of Florin. Four chil- dren were born to them, one of whom died at the age of seven years. The survivors are Harvey G., a machinist ; and Elsie and Elizabeth, at home. Mr. Stacks has been a stanch Republican since boy- hood, and served one term as county committeeman from his district. He was assessor of East Donegal for seven or eight years, and from 1894 served as judgment and mortgage clerk, the last term for which he' was elected expiring the first Monday in January, 1903. His duties are discharged promptly, and his courteous treatment of those who have busi- ness with him has won him many friends. PHARES WISE FRY, one of Lancaster's prom- ment leaf tobacco dealers, with warehouse and office at No. 1 19 North Christian street, is descended from one of the oldest and best known families in Lan- caster county, his ancestors having been the found- ers of Fryville, in Ephrata township, and there his grandfather died. The family came originally from Switzerland, and possessed a family crest. Samuel Fry, father of Phares W., was a well known miller of Millport, Warwick township, and died in 1868, aged sixty years. His wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Christian Wise, a farmer of Millport, and she en- tered into rest in 1873, aged sixty years. Samuel Fry was the father of eight children, the survivors fcemg Menno M., who is in the leaf tobacco trade in Lancaster ; Susanna, wife of Benjamin Wissler, a miller and farmer of Clay township ; and Phares W., leaf tobacco dealer of Lancaster. Phares Wise Fry was born in Millport Dec. 24, 1845, ancl was educated in the public schools and the State Normal School of Millersville. During the war of the Rebellion he enlisted in the i9Sth P. V. I., as an "emergency man," for one hundred days, but really served six months : he ranked as corporal. In 1864 he foimd employment in a store at Lincoln, Lancaster county, and in 1865 became a salesman in Lane's drv-goods store, East King street, Lancaster, reniaining there seven years. In 1872 he began the wail paper and window shade business, on North Queen street, on his own account, and was the orig- inal exchisive dealer in those lines in Lancaster. He met with marked success, and continued in that trade until 1886, when he closed the business and entered the leaf tobacco and cigar trade, on Market street, in partnership with his brother Menno M. Fry. This partnership was continued until 1890, when it was dissolved, and in 1892, Mr. Fry removed to his. present location. No. 119 North Christian street,, where he soon became recognized as one of the lead- ing leaf tobacco dealers of his section. Mr. Fry was married, April 7, 1878, to Miss' Josephine C. Hess, daughter of Capt. George Hess, of Safe Harbor. By this union he • has become the father of the following children: (i) Howard W.,' a graduate of the Lancaster high school, is now a; stenographer and typewriter in the law office of Owen P. Bricker, Esq. ; he is an exquisite performer on the violin, being a member of Prof. Bufger's. •Opera House orchestra. (2) Emma H., also a graduate of the Lancaster High school, is at home with her parents. (3) Allan C., assists in the office of his father. The cozy home of the farnily, located at No. 511 West Chestnut street, was purchased by Mr. Fry at the time of his marriage, and he has since remodeled it. Mr. Fry attends the First Methodist Episcopal Church, of Lancaster, of which Mrs. Fry and family are members. Politically, he is a Republican. He belongs to no secret orders. Conscientious in all his relations with his fellowmen, possessed of more than' ordinary intelligence, affable at all times, Mr. Fry is deservedly popular, in social as well as business circles. JAMES iH. SMOKER. Mr. Smoker is of Ger- man lineage, his paternal great-grandfather, Peter Smoker, having come from Germany to America and settled in Lancaster county at a comparatively earlv period in the history of that bailiwick. ) Peter Smoker was a farmer and a man held i» high esteem for the many sterling qualities of his rugged cliaracter. His son, John, the grandfather of James M., was born in the same county in 1787,! and was also a tiller of the soil, although the latter years of his long life were passed in peaceful retire- ment at the home of his son, Jacob K., the father of James M. Smoker. He died in 1873, at the age of eiglity-six years and six months. He was a member of the German Reformed Church, as was his wife, Mary Kerns. She was a daughter of Jacob Kerns, who was also a German immigrant and one of Lan- caster's early settlers, and in addition to farming carried on the business of an auctioneer. Mrs. John- Smoker died in 1872, at Salisbury, Vt., at precisely the same age as did her husband. They were the parents of four children, of whom Jacob K., the fa- ther of James M., was the third. The others were George ;. Eliza, who married John Rochie ; and Sam- uel, all of whom are deceased. Jacob K. Smoker was born in Paradise township, Jan. A, 1822. He grew up on his father's farnl, and at the age of twenty began learning the carpenter's, trade. This pursuit he found not to his liking, and BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1333 he embarked in buying and selling live stock in Phila- delphia and the West. On March 4, 1864, he en- listed in the Union army in an engineer corps of the Pennsylvania Volunteers, and remained in the ser- vice until Jan. 16, 1865, when he was mustered out at Harper's Ferry. On his return home he began tarming in Paradise, but in 1873 removed to Colum- bia, where he began business as a huckster. Two years later he went to Perry county, and spent an- other two years there in farming. Becoming dis- satisiied, he returned to Columbia and opened a hoarding-house, but after three years once more be- came a huckster, also acting as auctioneer when his services were needed. He is a Presbyterian in faith and a Republican in politics, and a member of the G. A. R. His wife was Sarah L. Nelson, of Bart township, to whom he was married April 4, 1850. She bore him seven sons and four daughters, of whom the eldest, William H., lives in Columbia. John L. is a resident of Lancaster. Jacob G. and Anna M. died in infancy. Lillie married George Hughes, .and died in 1894. Franklin also died in infancy, as did Elizabeth, the youngest child. .George M. was a car inspector for me Pennsylvania Company, and lost his life in a railroad accident, April 23, 1894. Hannah L. is the wife of John WviTier, who conducts a bakery at Columbia. How- ard G. is a successful druggist at Mount Joy. Sarah L. (Nelson)- Smoker was born in Leacock township, July 27, 1830. She was the first' born of the- five children of William H. and Mary (Craw- ford) Nelson, both of County Derry, Ireland. Her parents .'mmigrated to this country in 1829, and after a year's residence in Philadelphia settled in Leacock: Ller father was by trade a carpenter, and was also a prosperous farmer and teamster. He lived to see his sixty-seventh birthday, and died in 1874. His Avife was born in December, 1804, and passed away on April 8, 1891. The two younger sisters of Sarah "(Nelson) Smoker were Mary, who married Henry "Bachman, of Bart township ; and Elizabeth, Mrs. j"acob Rowe, who died in 1896. Two brothers, James and William, are locomotive engineers, the ilder living in Philadelphia, and the younger at Den- ver, Colorado. James M. Smoker was born in Lancaster county, Aug. 16, 1862. He was reared upon a farm, and at the age of fifteen years found employment in a saw- mill. In 1879 he entered the service of the Penn- sylvania Company as a brakeman. Within three ■years he was promoted to be flagman, and on June .;23, 1882, was given the position of conductor, his ^promotion having been the result of patient, intel- ligent, faithful work. He is a member of the Presby- terian Church, and in politics a Republican. In October, 1884, in Columbia, James M. Smoker was married to Margaret J. Kraus, of Columbia. To them have been born eight children, Clara E., William K., Mar.shall F., Vernon E., Dorothy F., Howard G., Nettie B. and Jacob W. Mrs. Margaret ;,( Kraus) Smoker was born in Philadelphia, March 2, 1866, a daughter of Frederick and Mary (Roesh) Kraus, both of whom were born in Germany. Her parents were married in Oxford and settled in Lan- caster county in 1867. Frederick Kraus was born June 19, 1833, and is still living. He is a shoemaker by trade and for twelve years served as justice of the peace at Marietta. His wife, Margaret, died in 1897, after reaching the age of fifty years. Their children numbered seventeen, and were named Anna^ Herrmann, Elizabeth, William, MargaretJ., Charles F., Gottlieb, Nettie, Jacob, Ernest, Martin, Henry, George, Robert, Frederick, Luther and James. THOMAS LEWIS McMICHAEL, sheriff of Lancaster county, comes from a long-lived and prom- inent family, of Scotch-Irish descent. His grand-, father and his grandmother each , lived to be eighty; eight years old, and his father, James McMichael, died Nov. 20, 1901, in the ninetieth year of his age- The latter was for twenty-seven years manager of the James M. Hopkins ore banks, and afterward a Jarmer; living, and dying on the old homestead in East Drumore. James McMichael was married three times, his second wife, who was Hettie Philips, daughter of Jacob Phillips, of East Drumore, having been the mother of Thomas L. James McMichael had. three children by his first union, seven of the sec- ond union and five of the third. Mrs. Hettie Mc;- Michael died when her son Thomas L. was three .years old. His brother, Harry S., is a prominent at- torney at law in Indianapolis. His father's brother, Rev. W. W. McMichael, was in his eighty-ninth year when he died, and he was at the time of his death the oldest member of the Philadelphia M. E. Con- ierence. Thomas Lewis McMichael was born on the old homestead in East Drumore, which, he now owns, Sept. 28, 1856. He was educated in the public scliools of the district, and worked on his father's farm until he was twenty-one, when he engaged in .the live stock trade, dealing extensively in, horses, .and not a little in cattle. He is still a live-stock dealer, and a very reliable and successful one. ' A stanch Rei^ublican, Mr. McMichael took an .active part in politics in his district, and so popular did he become that his friends insisted on his run- ning for sheriff, to which important office he was triumphantly elected in November, 1899 ; he has given the greatest satisfaction in the discharge of hi.s, duties. Mr. McMichael was married, June 26, 190T, to Miss Margaret Killinger, daughter of Jacob Kill- inger, of Lancaster. One child, Ruth, died at the age of five months. The sherifif now lives at No. 907 East King street, or, more properly speaking, on the Philadelphia turnpike, in Lancaster township. He is a member of the Mt. Hope Methodist Epis- copal Church, and belongs to the Blue Lodge of Masons, the American Mechanics, the Elks, and the Young Republicans, and is one of the most popular men, personally, in all Lancaster county. 1334 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ISAAC KAUFFMAN (deceased) was one of the prominent citizens of Lancaster county in his time, and was born and reared on the old homestead in Manor township. He was born Aug. 15, 1801, and died March 12, 1888, and within these Hmits lived a singularly useful life. Mr. Kaufifman remained in Manor township for eleven years after his marriage, and then established himself in Penn township, where the rest of his life was passed. In Manor township he owned a farm near Central Manor, which is now in the possession of Samuel Kauffman. In Penn township he owned a farm of 100 acres. A most methodical farmer, everything was kept by him in the best order. Though never very much interested in public and political affairs, he was a good citizen, and very highly regarded in the community. Mr. Kauffman was married three times, his first wife being Elizabeth Martin, and his second Mary Hertzler, was born in 1806, and died when fifty years of age. She was born and reared in Manor township. They became the parents of eight chil- dren: Christian H. ; Benjamin B., who resides at the Gingrich Mill in Manheim township; Isaac C, deceased ; Mary H., widow of John Nestleroth, and living in Manheim borough; Elizabeth, wife of Jo- seph Buckwalter, of Kissel Hill ; Barbara, who died unmarried ; and two who died in infancy. Mr. Kauffman married for his third wife a Mrs. Reist. He and his wife were members of the Mennonite Church, of which Mr. Kauffman was a deacon for many years. Christian H. Kauffman was born Feb. 17, 1827, and was reared on the farm. His education was secured in the common schools, and when he was twenty-three he began life for himself. For eleven years he had his home in Manheim township. During the first seven years of that time he culti- vated his father's farm on shares, and then bought the farm, consisting of 112 acres. About four years later he sold it and bought a smaller farm of sixty- four acres, a mile south of Petersburg, where he car- ried on general farming until his retirement, in 1891, when he removed to Petersburg, where he had his home until his death. His honesty, industry and in- telligence united to make and keep a wide circle of friends. Mr. Kauffman was married twice, first in 1849 to Miss Mary Huber, daughter of John Huber, of Manheim township. To this union were born : John, who is deceased ; Abraham, a missionary of the Men- nonite Brethren of Christ in the West; Amos, de- ceased; Fannie, wife of David Groff, of Bird-in- Hand; Mary, wife of Jeremiah Barts, of Mt. Joy township ; Annie, wife of John E. Hess, of East Hempfield township ; Jacob, a farmer in Missouri ; Lizzie, wife of Emanuel Hertzler, of Philadelphia, Pa., and the mother of Esther, Aldus and Harry. Mrs. Mary Kauffman died March 11, 1886, lacking but a few days of being fifty-six years old. Mr. Kauffman married for his second wife the widow of Jacob Odenwalt. She was bom in Manor township March 25, 1836, daughter of Martin Dam- bach, a resident of Manor township, now deceased. By her first marriage she was the mother of five children : Lizzie, wife of John Hoffmaster, of West Hempfield township ; Susan, wife of James Coxen, of York county; Martin, deceased; John, hving in Lancaster ; and Mary, wife of Joshua Lewis, of Co- lumbia. Mr. Kauffman belonged (as does also Mrs. Kauffman) to the Old Mennonite Church, and was highly respected in the community where his useful life passed. John Kauffman, the eldest child of Christian H. and Mary Kauffman, left a widow and six children. He married Amanda Shriner, and they had seven children : Clayton, Elmer, Ellen, Amanda, Lizzie, Naomi, and Mamie, the latter deceased. Clayton married Ida Shaub, and they have one son, Lester ; Elmer married Emma Huffman, and has one son, Herman; Ellen married James McCauley, and they have two children, Edna and Paul ; Amanda married George Shaub. Abraham Kauffman, the second child of Chris- tian Kauffman, married Lizzie Hurst, by whom he had four children, Ada (Mrs. Burkholder), Harvey, Elmer and Alvin. MICHAEL BRECHT, one of the leading citi- zens of Lancaster, and a retired hotel man of that locality, was born in Lancaster Nov. 2, 1854, son of Michael and Elizabeth (Hillesine) Brecht, natives of Baden, Germany, where they married and lived until 1848. Then, attracted by the accounts they had heard of the opportunities in America, they emi- grated, and settled in Lancaster, Pa. In his native land the father was a farmer by occupation, and nat- urally followed the same calling in the new home. He died in 1879, when he Was sixty-nine years of age, very highly respected by the entire community. His wife died in 1877. aged sixty-five, and they are buried in Lancaster cemetery. Both were consistent members of St. John's German Reformed Church. The father was a member of Red Jacket Tribe, Reel Men. The children born to their union were: Christopher (deceased) married Catherine Bless- ing; Jacob (deceased) married Mary Loucner ; Bar- nard (deceased) married Catherine Lewis; Francis, born in 1850, died in 1882, unmarried; Michael is mentioned below. In addition to farming, on his small property of four acres, in the Eighth ward, the father also did rafting on the Conestoga creek. The early history of Michael Brecht, Jr., was the same as that of any farmer boy, for he worked for his father, and attended the public schools whenever opportunity offered. At the age of sixteen, however, he began to learn the trade of cigarmaker, at which he worked four years, when his attention was at- tracted toward the oil fields of Pennsylvania, and he was then engaged for three years operating steam pumps. He returned to Lancaster, where after a few years he engaged in the hotel business, and for BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1835 eleven years, from 1891 to 1902, he operated one of the best and most popular hotels in the city, at the latter date transferring it to his nephew, William C. Brecht, who continues it under the old and justly famous policy. All through life Mr. Brecht has made it a rule to devote himself to whatever line of business he was pursuing, and as a result of his thrift and foresight he has been unusually successful, and can well afford to enjoy some of the comforts his industry has pro- cured for him. In religious matters he is a member of St. John's German Reformed Church. Politi- cally he reserves the right to vote as his opinions dictate, preferring to select a man according to his fitness for the office rather than to be entirely guided by party policy. In all his dealings he, has won and retained the respect of his fellow-citizens, and he has a host of friends with whom he is deservedly popular. BAYARD T. LOCKARD is a conductor and as- sistant yardmaster in th6 service of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, with his home in Columbia, where he was born Sept. 28, 1854. He is the grand- son of Charles and Elizabeth Lockard, of Lancaster county, his grandfather being of English, and his grandmother of German descent. Charles Lockard was a shoemaker and river pilot who spent his life in Columbia, where both he and his wife passed away. The father of Bayard T. was John Lockard, also of Columbia, who was a foreman in the stone quarries of Chickies, Pa. He died in 1883, having reached the age of seventy-three years. His wife was Hannah Long, of Lancaster county, whose fa- ther, Joseph, was a soldier in the war for independ- ence. She died in 1880, in her seventieth year. Bayard T. Lockard was the eighth of their ten children, the others being Elizabeth, Mary, James, Charles, Patience, Jennie, John, Kate and William. Elizabeth married Wesley Davis and is now de- ceased. Mary is the widow of Samuel Musser, late a Pennsylvania conductor. Charles is a passenger engineer, and lives in Philadelphia. James was a member of Co. K, 45th P. V. I., and fell a victim to the privations suffered while a prisoner at Ander- sonville. Patience became Mrs. Joseph Hogendob- ler, and is dead. Jennie is unmarried and resides in Chicago, 111. John has retired from business and has his home in Columbia. Kate married Thomas Hinkle, a bricklayer of that place, and William died in childhood. Mr. Lockard, when a boy of fourteen years, be- gan work in the rake factory of his native town, and at the age of seventeen obtained a position as brake- man for the Pennsylvania Company. After two years he was assigned to work in the yards, and after a few years more experience as brakeman, fiagnian and conductor, was made yard master, a post which he filled for seven vears. He then again went upon the road as a conductor, and has continued with the road in that capacitv, occasionally doing extra work as yard master. He is a member of the Order o£ Railway Conductors and an active worker in the' Pennsylvania Railroad Y. M. C. A. He belongs to the United Brethren Church, and in politics is a Re- publican. His tastes are domestic and literary, and his library contains a well-selected assortment of volumes. He was married in August, 1883, at Mountville, to Miss Mary Quinn. Their union has been withoitt issue, but they have reared an adopted daughter from her childhood. Mrs. Lockard was born at Danville, Pa., in 1865. Her grandfather, John Quinn, came to America from South Wales and settled at Scranton, where he died. Her father was named Henry, and her mother was Anna Lewis, their marriage taking place in Dan- ville. She was their only child. Henry Quinn came to this country with his parents when a boy of twelve years, and learned the trade of an iron worker; he passed his life at Danville and Columbia, and died June 18, 1872, in his forty-third year. His wife was the daughter of Stephen and Margaret (Mowery) Lewis, of Muncy, Pa. Mr. Lewis was a tailor, and died in Bellefonte, Pa. His widow, who was born in July, 1816, is still living in Sunbur.yj Pennsyl- vania. FRANCIS HERR (deceased). This name is numbered am.ong the prosperous farmers who did mtich to develop Lancaster county, for he spent his life engaged in agricultural pursuits, and died near his birthplace in December, 1852. His remains were interred in the Longenecker cemetery. Mr. Herr was born in West Lampeter township, Lancaster Co., Pa., in 1786, son of Rev. Francis Herr. Reared upon a farm, and receiving such edu- cational advantages as were within the means of his parents, he adopted farming as his life occupation, although later in life he was often called upon to settle estates, his well known probity and keen sense of justice making his services satisfactory to all con- cerned. Although not a member of any denomina- tion, he was interested in and gave generously to the New Mennonite Church. At his death Lancaster county lost one of its best citizens, and his family a wise and loving head. Although half a century has passed since his demise, he is remembered with af- fection, and his name is held in respect as the result of a life of uprightness and honorable living. In May, 1813, Francis Herr married, in Lancas- ter, Frances Neff, who was born in Strasburg town- ship, Lancaster Co., Pa., in 1791, and died in West Lampeter township in 1871 ; she was buried by the side of her husband. She was a daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Herr) Neff, of Lancaster county. The following family waS born to Mr. and Mrs. Herr: EHzabeth, widow of Adam Herr, of Stras- burg, Pa., has two children: Anna C. (deceased) married Martin Weaver, of Lancaster county, and had four children: Amos F., a retired farmer of West Lampeter township, married Anna Frantz, and had twelve children ; Frances is at home ; Charlotte, 1336 BTOGRAPHICAI. ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY widow of Henry Herr, lives with her two sisters, Frances and Amanda (she has one child, Lizzie F.) ; Cyrus N., a retired farmer of Lancaster, married Ella A. Brackbill, and they had nine children ; Aman- da is at home ; Mary A- died young ;. Franklin J., who died in 1892, married Sarah Frantz, and they had twelve children. SAMUEL KURTZ ZOOK, the popular and enterprising jeweler in Lancaster, is a son of Morris Zook, a leading leather dealer of Lancaster, and in both paternal and maternal lines comes of ancestry distinguished for enterprise and worth. Before coming to Lancaster Morris Zook was the proprietor of a woolen mill in Providence town- ship, where the Zooks have been prominent people for the past several generations. Mr. Zook was married, in 1866, to Miss Elizabeth S. Locher, daughter of the late Henry T. Locher, who was one of the pioneer morocco tanners and manufacturers of Lancaster, and who, as keeper of the Lancaster county prison for years, won a reputation as a hu- mane and honest official that extended all over the State. Three children were born to the union of Morris Zook and Elizabeth S. Locher : Catherine ; Harry L., who for several years has been engaged in the leather business on East King street; and Samuel Kurtz Zook, the jeweler. Samuel Kurtz Zook was born on the old home- ■stead, in Providence township, Dec. 21, 1867. His ■parents removed to. the city when he was four and a half years old, and he acquired his education in the .public schools, leaving the Boys' High School to iearn the jewelry trade with H. Z. Rhoads, with ■whom he remained six and one-half years. He then .spent one year in the finishing department of the .Lancaster (now Hamilton) watch factory, after ■which he went to Trenton, N. J., where he became •final inspector of work, a responsible position, which he held for one year, and then resigned to go to Waltham, from which place he went to Keyser, rW. Va., where for four years he was manager of a ■jewelry store. Soon after his marriage Mr. Zook iTeturned to Lancaster, and, purchasing the jewelry store of Walter C. Herr, at the corner of North -Queen and East Orange streets, proceeded to en- large and remodel the place until it has become noted for its beauty and for the excellence of its -goods. The business has more than quadrupled since Mr. Zook took hold of it, and so large did it become that, in the spring of 1901, he found it ■necessary to have more room, which he secured by I adding the store room on the north, this giving him ,a frontage of thirty-eight feet on North Queen .street, with a depth of thirty-five feet, constituting the handsomest store in Lancaster. Thoroughly practical in the business, as may be inferred from 'the watch factory and other experiences which we have referred to in his career, Mr. Zook was not long in meeting with extended and substantial rec- ,ognition, the extent of which may be judged from the fact that he supplied and put in the new court- house clock (of which he was custodian for six years), and the clock in St. Anthony's Catholic Church. On Aug. 9, 1893, at Keyser, W. Va., Mr. Zook married Miss Birdie Miller, daughter of John Mil- ler, a merchant of that town. Fraternally Mr. Zook belongs to the blue lodge of Masons, the Benevolent Order of Elks and the Young Republicans ; relig- iously he is a member of the First Presbyterian, Church. John Miller was born in Glasgow, Scot- land, came to America when thirteen years old and settled in West Virginia, where he was a merchant, and was postmaster under President Harrison; he married Margaret McCan, and they had seven chil- dren. JACOB LEFEVER. Among the substantial and leading farmers of East Lampeter township perhaps none are better known than Jacob Lefever, as during a period of forty-nine years he regularly attended market and successfully disposed of his surplus, dealing fairly and honestly with his patrons, and thus making many friends. Jacob Lefever was born in Millport, Lancaster county, Dec. 19, 1826, a son of John and Magdalena (Neif) Lefever. Until he was sixteen years of age he remained at home, but at that time his father, desiring to see his son being prepared for a future useful life, hired him out, according to the custom of the time, to Henry Doner, a farmer, stipulating that the lad should be permitted to attend school during the winter sessions. This farmer was one of the ]:ind that believed that the less education a man possessed, the more manual labor he could per- form, and when he discovered that his new boy was able to read, write and understood mathematics, he decided that more education would not be good for him. The two succeeding years were passed by Mr. Lefever with this farmer, but he then returned home and remained until his twentieth year. About this time his brother Daniel gave him an opportunity to live with him and assist on his farm, and here Jacob remained for a year, when he decid- ed to visit his Ohio relatives. At that time the trip was almost a stupendous event in the life of a farmer boy, but young Lefever bravely started up- on his travels. Going by rail to Harrisburg, he there took the canal boat to Pittsburg, thence to Cincinnati by the old stern-wheel steamboat down the Ohio, and from there he reached Dayton by means of a stage coach. After six months passed in the society of his Buckeye relatives, he went home and remained there the following year, when he again became a member of his brother Daniel's fam- ily, where he continued until his marriage with Annie Kreider, Nov. 15, 1849. Mr. and Mrs. Lefever began married life on a fine farm of 103 acres, in East Hempfield township, and lived there busy and comfortable for fifteen years. In 1864, Mr. Lefever bought his present BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1337 farm in East Lampeter, and with the exception of the residence, has made all of the improvements upon It. These represent a considerable outlay, as all of them are of tl:e most substantial character, and are well fitted to the large farming operations which he carried on. Mr. Lefever has owned sev- eral other farms, pne of them having been located in Upper Leacock township, and at one time he also owned the farm which adjoins his, but this he gave to his son. In connection with his farming, the constant attendance at market for so long a period has entailed much labor, and during forty-nine years his pleasant ffice was seldom missed by the atten- dants of the Lancaster market. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Lefever are : Susanna, who married Henry Buchwalter, a fanner of East Lampeter, and has four sons and three daughters; Annie, who died at the age of eleven; Abram, born Sept. 20, 1854, and died in 1899, leaving a widow, Anna Burkholder (with four daughters), who now lives with her father in Upper Leacock township ; Mary Ann, who died in child- hood; Melinda, born May i, 1859, and died at the age of five years ; John, born Aug. 7, 1861, and married to Luetta Buchwalter, and by whom he has lour sons and three daughters ; and Frank, born Dec. 8, 1868, and married to Mary Landis, by whom he had one child, now deceased, and they rent the home farm. All his life, Jacob Lefever has been a hard-work- ing man, and has always possessed the esteem of the community in which he has had his home. Both he and his wife are consistent members of the Old Mennonite Church, and faithfully strive to live ijp to their religious professions. HENRY M. HOUSER. an active and eloquent member of the Lancaster Bar, has an ancestry that dates back to the early history of Lancaster county. His grandfather, John Houser, a farmer, was born in Adamstown, this county, on the ancestral acres, and his son, Abraham, the father of Henry M., was for years a merchant tailor of New . Holland, but is now leading a retired life. Abraham Houser married Miss Anne Louisa Brubaker, daughter of Henry Brubaker, at one time a farmer, and later a hotel-keeper. They had five children: Ida, wife of Lewis Murr, of Lititz; Handford F., assistant manager of the Cincinnati, Wabash & Michigan Railroad, living at Elkhart, Ind. ; Henry M. ; R. B., a machinist, of Lancaster ; and Etta M., at home. Henry M. Houser was born in New Holland in 'i860, and received his education in the local schools and Chambersburg Academy. In 1879 he entered the law office of D. P. Rosenmiller, read and studied closely, and was admitted to the Bar in 1881, and to the Supi-eme court in May, 1884; later he was admitted to practice in the Superior and United States District courts. Mr. Houser conducted a case before Judge Butler as early as 1885, though onlv admitted to practice in 1881. Mr. Houser is a Republican, and as he is a forcible and popular speaker his services on the hustings are in much demand. He took a very active part in the first McKinley campaign. This same power of oratory has made him very promi- nent in criminal cases, and to this side of practice he has given more than ordinary attention. As soliciror for the board of prison inspectors of Lan- caster county he served one term. Mr. Houser is a director of the Champion Blower & Forge Com- pany, of Lancaster, and of the American Mechanics' Building & Loan Association of that city. In religion Mr. Houser is identified with the M. E. Church. Socially he is a Mason and has risen to the Lodge of Perfection, and he is a past oificer of the Benevolent Order of Elks. Mr. Houser owns and occupies a commodious modern house at No. 323 North Lime street, Lancaster. He is rear- ing a boy whom he took as a protege, and to whom he is giving as much care and attention as though he were his very own. In all the walks of life Mr. Houser is popular and mitch esteemed. B. FRANK BARR, the florist, is one of the leading and responsible business citizens of Lan- caster, and his establishment, the "Floral Bazar," located at No. 32 West King street, is the center of interest for all of the residents of Lancaster who delight in a lavish and beautiful display of flowers, at all seasons of the year. His success in the floral line has given him a reputation which extends all over the State. Mr. Earr was born in Greenland, Lancaster county, Aug. 28, 1871, son of Benjamin M. and Lydia (McMullen) Barr, who are still residents of Greenland, where they live retired. Young Frank was reared on a farm and acquired his early educa- tion in the public schools, finishing with a thorough training for a practical career in the Lancaster Busi- ness College. When he was. nineteen years of age he decided to become a florist, and with this end in view, he connected himself with the establishment of the Dingee-Conard Co., of West Grove, Chester county, with whom he spent two years, gaining a complete knowledge of all the details. Later he was connected with the trade in Harrisburg, and then embarked in the business for himself, buying a large plant in Lancaster. When Mr. Barr took charge of the business in this place he was some- what handicapped through the poor business meth- ods which had formerl}- prevailed, but he immedi- ately applied himself with enthusiasm and energy, and soon displayed such a complete knowledge of the art of floriculture, together with the business methods which are, also, most necessary to ensure success, that he gained the confidence of his associ- ates and the trade, and is acknowledged to be a lead- er in his line in the State. Mr. Barr's greenhouses are located on Cottage Place, just off of Columbia Avenue, West End ave- nue, and First street — a most desirable location, in 1338 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ever)' way. His plant covers an immense area, there being more than twenty-one hothouses, with 75,000 feet of glass. Here he grows in perfection all kinds of flowers and foliage plants, making a specialty of tropical plants, and has developed a large business in the cut flower trade. His patrons have found that he. can supply all kinds of flowers, for private and public festivities or other occasions, at much less than would be required if the orders were sent to Philadelphia. Mr. Barr's trade is both wholesale and retail and covers almost all of the United States. Until 1897 his trade was wholly wholesale, but, as there had been a constant and growing demand for local ac- commodation in the retail line, Mr. Barr yielded to it and he has fully supplied the public want. The greater part of his attention, however, is given to his wholesale business, in which alone he employs from ten to fifteen capable assistants. Since 1897 his retail business has grown to such proportions that he has found it advisable to issue a retail as well as a wholesale catalogue. Many of his choice specimens have been exported from other countries, his houses offering a. rare and wonderful collection of the most desirable plants both of home and foreign growth. Mr. Barr is connected with the American Flor- ists Association, the B. P. O. E. Lodge No. 142, of Lancaster, and the Young Men's Republican Club. No man in this commimity has done more, per- haps no other man has done as much, to create and encourage a love for flowers as has B. Frank Barr. His unusual success in all lines of floriculture, and particularly in the matter of growing chrysanthe- mums, carnations and American Beauty roses, has created a demand for his goods that extends far beyond the confines of Lancaster county. It is not only as a grower that Mr. Barr is noted, but also as a decorative artist, his taste in the floral arrange- ments and designs for festive or other occasions making his services most desirable. Although his fellow citizens have not been slow to acknowledge their pride in his achievements, Mr. Barr is modest and unassuming, and is ever ready to assist his patrons in his lines, many of whom have come to depend entirely upon him, not only for their decorations, but for other arrange- ments. PETER R. EABY, now living retired in East Lampeter township, was born Sept. 25, 1841, in East Earl township, and was for many years identi- fied with the prosperous farmers of Lancaster county. Peter Eaby, the father of our subject, was born Sept. 10, 1804, in LeacocK township, this county, and was educated in the local public schools. In 1830 he wedded Miss Annie Runk, daughter of Jacob Runk, and to this union were born eleven chil- dren, three of whom died in infancy: Susan be- came the wife of Jacob Evans : Mary wedded Jacob Senich; Elias is a resident of Atlantic City; Annie is the wife of Aaron H. Bair ; Peter R. is our subject; Adam is deceased; Elizabeth is the wife of Samuel G. Souder ; Daniel, resides in Fetterville, Pa. The mother was a member of the Old Men- nonite Church. Mr. Eaby in politics was a Repub- lican, and he held the office of school director for some years. Peter R. Eaby remained at home with his par- ents until he was about twenty-eight years of age. His education was acquired in the common schools of the county. When he began farming for himself he followed that occupation two years on his fath- er's farm, after which he moved to Paradise town- ship and farmed there for ten years. He has since lived retired. Mr. Eaby is a member of the Old Mennonite Church. He has always affiliated with the Republican party in politics, and has held the office of tax collector for about twelve years. Our subject wedded Miss Annie Longenecker, of Lancaster county. They have no children. Mr. Eaby is one of Lancaster county's most progressive men, and he is very highly respected in the commun- ity in which he lives, a fact to which his long con- tinuance in office, bears most convincing testimony. He is public-spirited, and is fully alive to all the best interests of his church and community. ROBERT CLAYTON SELDOMRIDGE, one of the leading grocers of Lancaster, is regarded as one of the most prominent and successful business men of that city. He is a native of Pennsylvania, born Dec, 31, 1862, in Monterey, Lancaster county. Benjamin T. Seldomridge, father of Robert C, was a son of Isaac Seldomridge, a native of Lan- caster county, a farmer by occupation, and a Luth- eran in religious faith. Benjamin T. married a daughter of the late Robert Bursk, and five children graced their union : Catherine B., wife of Darius Simmons, of Lancaster; Ella M., wife of Frank Good, a farmer of Bareville, Pa. ; Rev. I. N., pastor of the U. B. Church at Harrisburg, Pa. ; Robert C, who is more fully spoken of farther on ; and How- ard G., who, after taking a three-years course at Curray's College of Oratory, in Boston, was grad- uated May 6, 1903, and on May 8th (two days later) , gave a recital in the Martin Auditorium, Lancaster. The father of this family has been a school director, and secretary of the board of Upper Leacock town- ship for twenty-five years continuously. The Bursks trace their ancestry back to the time when three brothers of the narne were captured by the Indians, one of the three surviving to tell the tale of their terrible adventure. This one set- tled in Bucks county. Pa., married, and had three sons, and one of these sons was the great-grand- father of Robert Bursk, previously mentioned. Robert C. Seldomridge received his education in the public schools in the neighborhood of his place of birth. At the age of sixteen years he came to Lancaster, and, 'entering the store of D. S. Bursk BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1339 as junior clerk, remained until he was twenty-eight, at which time he received the appointment of man- ager of the grocery store in Lancaster which was opened by a Philadelphian at Nos. i8 and 20 North Queen street. In 1895 this Philadelphia concern failed, and on Sept. 28, 1895, Mr. Seldomridge be- came the owner by purchase. The original store was more than doubled in size, while the trade has quadrupled, all due to the thorough business acu- men of its wide-awake owner, who has fairly won a place among the successful men in the community in which he lives. The business had now attained to such proportions that Mr. Seldomridge was com- pelled to seek a larger store room, which he found at Nos. 6 and 8 North Queen street. On June 16, 1885, Robert C. Seldomridge was married, at Intercourse, Lancaster county, to Miss Harriet E. Sample, daughter of Dr. S. R. Sample, a prominent physician of that section, and member of one of the oldest and most highly esteemed fam- ilies of Lancaster county. Seven children were born of this union, five of whom are yet living, viz : Edna R., Florence A., Robert B., Helen E. and S. Warren. All but the youngest are attending school. Mr. Seldomridge is a member of St. John's Lutheran Church, and socially is affiliated with the F. & A. M. (blue lodge, chapter and Lodge of Per- fection), the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias. Politically he is a member of the Young Republican Club, being a zealous and enthusiastic Republican, though never obtruding his opinion upon others. JOHN E. MALONE, one of the prominent and representative members of the legal profession in the city of Lancaster, is a native son of the place, although his long line of ancestry reaches far back in the history of Ireland. To these ancestors Mr. Malone is indebted for many fortunate character- istics which have eased his way to success — the quick wit, the ready comprehension and the active brain. belonging to descendants of Irish stock, who now make up so large and important a part of the citizens of the United States. Thomas Malone, an honest and industrious wheelwright and miller, whose birthplace and life- long home was in County Cavan, Ireland, was the great-grandfather of John E. Malone. He married a maiden of the same county, Jane Lee, and they had a familv of seven sons born to them, namely: John, Thomas, James, Patrick, Hugh, Bernard and Michael, all of whom, with the exception of John, came in the course of time to America, and became prominent and successful citizens. James Malone, son of Thomas, married Alice McGraw, also of County Cavan, Ireland, and in 1845 emigrated to America, settling for one year in New York, later moving to Philadelphia, and late in 1846 reaching Lancaster, where he entered upon his business of contracting and building, becoming well known and prosperous. Richard A. Malone, son of James, and father of John E., of Lancaster, requires no introduction to the residents of that city, although his large busi- ness contracts keep him outside her borders a great portion of the time. Mr. Malone was born in Coun- ty Cavan, Ireland, in 1834, and came with his par- ents to America in 1845. He is widely known for his excellent work in the contracting and build- ing of bridges and tunnels, some of his work justly entitling him to rank with the leading men in his line. This was notably the case in the construction of the Dorchester (Mass.) bay tunnel, which at the time was regarded as a feat of engineering skill. In this great work he was associated with David McN. Stauffer. Mr. Malone has built many miles of the Vaiiderbilt railroad system, and his work for other lines, in the way of bridges and tunnels, has been so satisfactory that his services are in demand all over the country. The first marriage of Richard A. Malone was to Miss Mary Gilliece, who was born in Philadelphia, daughter of James Gilliece, a native of Ireland, and a prominent contractor in Philadelphia. The second marriage of Mr. Malone was to Ellen, a sister of his first wife; she died in May, 1902, aged fifty-two years. The children of the first union were : Rich- ard J., a graduate of St. Mary's College and the Harvard Law School, -now an ex-attorney and rail- road contractor in Philadelphia ; Alice R., wife of Thomas S. Galvin, a florist of Boston, Mass. ; Ray- mond, a contractor in Philadelphia ; Elizabeth, wife of E. A. McGloughlin, an attorney in Boston, Mass. ; John E., of Lancaster ; Mary, wife of Col. James Duffy, of Marietta, Pa. ; Regina, who died unmar- ried at the age of thirty years ; and Charles, who is engaged with his father in business. Children as follows were born to the second marriage: Ed- win, deceased; Dr. Clarence M., a physician in Lancaster ; James, deceased ; and Miss Edna, at home. Mr. Malone educated all his sons in St. Mary's College, at Emmitsburg, Md., with the ex- ception of Dr. Clarence M., who was educated at Fordham College. John E. Malone was born in Marietta, Lan- caster county, Jan. 8, 1862, and after receiving a preparatory education in the public schools entered Emmitsburg (Md.) College, graduating in 1881. His legal studies were pursued under Jacob L. Steinmetz, in Lancaster, and he was admitted to the Bar in 1884. Mr. Malone early made himself felt in politics, and for a period of eight years served as chairman of the Democratic County Committee. During the four years of President Cleveland's second term he was the efficient and popular post- master at Lancaster, and has been very active in all the movements of the party in this- section of the State. Mr. Malone married (first) Josephine Duffy, who was born at Marietta, Pa., daughter of Col. James Duffy, and died within a year of their mar- riage His second marriage was to Mrs. Mary A. 1340 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY (Andenreid) Shenk, who was born in Philadelphia. Mr. Malone's fraternal connections are with the Harnilton Club and the B. P. O. E. He has friends everywhere, and. he is pointed to from all sides as a representative member of his profession. W. EDGAR BATES, M. D., chief consultmg physician of Dr. Barnes, a prominent specialist of Lancaster, was born Feb. i6, 1865, in Lehigh coun- ty, this State, of which his parents, George P. and Sarah A. Bates, were also natives. His literary ed- ucation was acquired in the high school of Allen- town, Pa., and at Muhlenburg College, and in 1883 , he entered Jefferson Medical College, from which he was graduated in 1886 with .the degree of M.. D., though he spent the year of 1885 in the University of Pennsylvania. The year following his gradua- tion was spent in the Philadelphia Hospital, and at the end of that time he entered the office of Dr. A. W. Duvall, of Philadelphia, with whom he was connected two. years. He was next asso.ciated with the "Green's Nervura" people in Boston, as one of the consulting- physicians, or rather corresponding physician, and remained with them until 1896, when he formed his present connection with Dr. Barnes iat Lancaster, Pa., assuming full control of the large practice of that gentleman in Lancaster, in Septem- ber, 1899. Their specialties are ear,, nose, throat, ■lung, ner-v^us and chronic diseases, ah of which are treated af'iheir' office. They are very careful in the diagnosis , of- any and all diseases that come under their care, and. deal frankly with, each and. every case. They- also treat by syrhptom blanks, and are giving relief to rnany throughout this entire section of the State. If there is no possibility of relief from their treatment, they hold out no hopes. Dr. Bates is a man of more than ordinary ability and profi- ciency in his profession, and is calculated to give the best of satisfaction to those who come to him for treatment. In 1897 and 1898 he was instructor in mathematics and hygiene at the National Farm School in Doylestown, Pennsylvania. In December, 1889, Dr. Bates married Miss Hannah Wright Brigham, a natiye of Massachusetts and a representative of the old and well-known Brigham family of Boston. ■ They have one child, W. Edgar, Jr. The Doctor and his family are earnest and active members of the Presbyterian Church and the Christian Endeavor Society. They have a pleasant home at No. iS West Orange street, where the Doctor also has his office. HENRY ARNDT, ex-merchant, and vice-presi- dent of the Manheim National Bank, in the borough of Manheim, Lancaster county, is a native of that borough, born Feb. 21, 1821. John Arndt, grandfather of Henry, was the first of this family to come to Lancaster county, Lebanon county having previously been his place of resi- dence. He was a tanner by trade, and being poor began here by using two or three hogsheads for vats. He persevered in his calling until he had secured for himself a tanyard of considerable dimen- sions. He also established a brickyard, and became wealthy and influential. He died in the faith of the Reformed Church. John Arndt, son of John, and father of Henry, was born in 1793. He served in the war of 1812, and soon afterward succeeded his father in the tanning business, which he conducted until about 1825, when he purchased the Baron Steigel prop- erty, at the corner of North Prussian and High streets. There he engaged in merchandising until the spring of 184$, when he sold out to his son and son-in-law. He then started a store in Mt. Joy in partnership with Henry Bechtol, and this business •\yas prosperously carried on for several years, when Mr. Arndt sold his interest and retired to private life. i, Mr. Arndt married Miss Elizabeth Dlflenderfer, who bore him two children: Susan, (now eighty- five years of age) , wife of Nathan Worley, of Mar- shalltown, Iowa ; and Henry whose name opens this sketch. Mr. Arndt died in 1867, in the faith of the Reformed Church. In politics he was a Democrat, and socially he. ranked among the most respected citizens of Manheim borough. Henry Arndt was reared and educated in Man- heim, and also attended school for two years in Lititz, Lancaster county. He then clerked for his father until 1840, when he went to Philadelphia, where he clerked in a wholesale jobbing house for a short time, ill health causing his return to Man- heim. After a short rest he again went to Phila- delphia, and had a brief experience in the wholesale house of James Kent, Soutee & Co. — the largest in the city — when he was recalled by his father, who needed his assistance. In 1845 his father admitted him into partnership, and for one year the firm name was John Arndt & Son. Then a brother-in-law of Henry, Nathan Worley, who had returned from Ohio, was admitted as a partner, and the new firm of Arndt & Worley was formed, lasting until 1857, when Henry Boyd succeeded Henry Arndt. Three years later, in i860, Henry Arndt resumed mercan- tile trade, -succeeding to the interest of Mr. Worley in the old firm, the style Arndt & Boyd being main- tained five years, when Mr. Boyd withdrew, and Henry Arndt was sole proprietor of the business until early in the eighties, when he sold out to the Beckers. About 1888 Mr. Arndt purchased a farm of 105 acres one and one-half miles from Manheim, where he passes the greater part of his time. He has beautified and improved the place. Mr. Arndt has done a great deal toward improving the borough of Manheim, and he has erected a three-story brick dwelling, besides a large store building and a roomy tobacco warehouse. For years he has been con- nected with the Manheim National Bank as direc- tor, and is now vice-president of same. For three years he was director in the Farmers Bank of Lan- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1341 caster, and he was also one of the organizers, and IS a director of the Manheim & Lititz Turnpike Co. He has ever been one of Manheim's most public- spirited and patriotic citizens, and was one of the first to advocate and to help organize the fire depart- ment. He has served as burgess, member of the council and member of the school board. The marriage of Mr. Arndt took place Oct. 23, 1849, when he was united to Miss Anna B. Maurer, who was born Aug. 15, 1830, daughter of Daniel Maurer, of Mt. Joy. They celebrated the Golden anniversary of their wedding in 1898, the event be- ing the occasion of great festivity and congratula- tion on the part of the immediate members of the family and a host of warm-hearted friends. To the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Arndt have been born twelve children, five of whom died in infancy. The others were born in the following order : Liz- ;zie B., wife of Dr. B. Frank Schall, of Philadelphia; Anna V., married to Charles E. Bickle, of the same city; John, of Manheim; Sadie, wife of George De Haven, of Lancaster ; Harry, a druggist in Phil- adelphia; Susan, who died when twenty-one years old; and Willie H., who died at the age of fifteen years. Mr. and Mrs. Arndt are members of the Re- formed Church and have led a life so consistent with the teachings of their faith that they have gained the unfeigned esteem of every person who has had the pleasure of their acquaintance. PROF. WILLIAM WARD MOORE, A. M., President of the Madame Cotta College for Young Women, is justly ranked among the foremost edu- cators of this community. Charles Moore, the grandfather of Prof. Will- iam W., a native of the North of Ireland, was a farmer by occupation and a Presbyterian in his re- ligion. Thomas Moore, his son and the father of the Professor was born m McConnellstown, Pa., and entered into rest, in 1884, when in his sixty-fifth year. Sarah Dunn, his wife and the mother of the distinguished president of the Madame Cotta Col- lege, was of Irish descent. She became the mother of three sons and one daughter, but of these William Ward is the only survivor. William Ward Moore was born in McConnells- town, Pa., Dec. 24, 1849, and remained in that vicin- ity until he was seventeen years of age. At that time he became a student of Kishacoquillas Academy, then of the Williamsport Academy, and completed the Freshman year at Mercersburg College. In 1872 -he entered the Sophomore class of Franklin and Marshall College, and the following year began that career as a teacher in which he has been so very successful. For several years he taught in Huntingdon county, and- in 1877 was principal of a schoo-1 at Wyoming, Iowa. In i88a he returned to Pennsylvania to take, the principalship of _the Lumber City Academy. In August, 1886, Prof. Moore' came to Lancaster, where he filled the posi- tion of Rector of Franklin and Marshall Academy. The following year the degree of A. M. was be- stowed upon him by the trustees of Franklin and Marshall College. Mrs. Moore became the matron of the Academy, numbers of out-of-town students boarding in the building. Rector Moore secured the opening of the doors of the Academy to young women, numbers of whom soon attended its instruc- tion. After some years of earnest and intelligent ef- fort on the part of Prof. Moore and his cultured and attractive wife, he resigned. At his coming there Were six students in the Academy, and when he left over one hundred were in daily attendance, and the academy was proving a valuable adjunct to the college proper. Prof. Moore had an experience in these earnest and laborious years that gave him a very intelligent idea of the needs of young women in preparing for college, and he presently organized a private school in the Haas Building on East Orange street. This was the beginning of a most important educational movement in Lancaster, out of which has grown the Madame Cotta College for young women, which has been taken under the patronage of the Lutheran Church. For a time it was maintained in Grace Lutheran Church, but it soon grew to demand quarters of its own. It is now found in the Yeates Institute Building on North Duke and Walnut streets, where it has an extensive patronage from representative families here and elsewhere. The Faculty of the Madame Cotta College for Young Women is exceptionally strong, and consists of the following members : Prof. W. W. Moore, A. M., President, Latin and Greek; Rev. C. E. Haupt, A. M., D. D. (University of Pennsylvania), Vice President, Mental and Moral Philosophy; Paul KiefJer, Mathematics and Physics ; B. G., Phil- grim, A. B. (Franklin and Marshall), History and Archaeology: W. A. Kepner, A. B., Natural Sci- ences ; Rev. F. F. Buenmyer, German. and English ; Ada Douglas Moore, Elocution and Embroidery; Martha M. Bowman (N. Y. School of Design), Art and French; Helen L. liecker (Philadelphia Cooking School), Cooking and Domestic Science.' Instruction is also given in Voice Culture, and on the Piano and Organ. "The design of this institution is to prepare the- girl for the domestic sphere. The branches pur- sued have, possibly, a greater influence upon thei development of the student than is usually supposeid or conceded. The work here is so arranged that the studies touch the girl at every point in the un- folding of her powers. A careful study and observk- tion has been made of the various courses offered to girls in the past, noting the opinions of persons of, both sexes who have had broad experiences in the sphere of education and allied pursuits. The geilefai consensus is that the girls' college of the past has fallen short of fulfilling its mission. . , , /^ "The schools that have been established may 'be classified under three heads: First, the so-callfed' 1342 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY finishing, school, the purpose of which is to add to the graces of the young woman those accomplish- ments which fit her for the drawing-room. Second- ly, the one that stands for sound education. This arranges its courses on the same plan as the college for men, which, it is plainly evident, necessitates much effort on the part of the girl, which is neither congenial nor of much profit. Thirdly, the tech- nical school, the tendency of which is to develop a taste for those special pursuits that lie within man's sphere. "The social condition of life as it now exists, demands from the college that it trains its students for true womanhood, as it has to do with the home in every department. The truly cultured woman is she whose sympathies have been so developed that they are in harmony with the Christian mother. Reference is made to the course of study as found in the catalogue, for the scope of our work. The branches are so taught that actual life is kept before the student," On Feb. 6, 1879, Prof. Moore was married to Miss Ada Douglas, who was born in his native town, McConnellstown, a daughter of Joseph and Nancy (Johnston) Douglas. Her paternal great- grandfather, was a native of Scotland, who became one of tne pioneer teachers of Central Pennsylvania. Her grandfather lived in McConnellstown, where was born her father, Joseph Douglas, who became a merchant there and died in December, 1882. His wife, Nancy Johnston, was born in the same local- ity, as was her father, James Johnston, a farmer by occupation, and a soldier of the war of 1812. Mrs. Douglas, the mother of Mr. Moore, died in April, 1889, and was survived by five of her seven chil- dren. Prof, and Mrs. Moore have two sons, Ralph D. and Carl B., bright and manly lads, who give every promise of a useful future. JOHN LEFEVER, the eldest son of the late John and Magdalena (Neft') Lefever, was born on the old homestead farm, which is now in his pos- session, at Millport, Lancaster county, on Jan. 26, 1823. Mr. Lefever was reared on the farm, and re- ceived but limited educational opportunities, but travel, reading, and a habit of close observation, have made him one of the most intelligent and best- informed men of the neightborhood in which he resides. At the age of. eight years he was bereft of his mother, but he remained with his father until thirty-three years of age, when the latter died. His father's will left the old home to him, and Mr. Lefever has pursued an agricultural life, and has become one of the most esteemed citizens of the township. In 1848, feeling a desire to see something of the country, Mr. Lefever made quite an extended trip. As he was not limited as to time, he enjoyed a leisurely journey over many miles of country, as far west as the Mississippi river, at St. Louis. Trans- portation, as we understand it now, was then almost in its infancy, and his initial voyage was on the canal boat, en route for Pittsburg. At Johnstown a break in the canal bank interrupted the passage of the boat, but Mr. Lefever solved the matter for himself, by taking a short cut, over the mountains, and when he again reached the canal, on the other side, took a boat and finally landed in Pittsburg. There he took passage on a steamboat for Cincinnati, but extended his visit as far as Louisville, Ky., then went to St. Louis, Mo., and then took a boat up the Illinois river, to Peru, III, and thence home again. The trip no doubt was a delightful one, the leisurely methods of travel permitting more enjoyment of the scenery than is possible now, in the days of light- ning express train service. Mr. Lefever married Mary, a daughter of Dan- iel and Catherine (Rohrer) Doner, and to this union were born : Amos, who first married Lucinda Rutter, who, at death, left four children, and second, Hettie Make; John, who died at the age of twenty- four; Daniel; a daughter who died in infancy ; and Henry, who married Susan Muhr. John Lefever and wife are pious. Christian people, and are among the leading members of the Old Mennonite Church. In the community . they are highly respected, and Mr. Lefever is a worthy repre- sentative of an old Lancaster county family. COL. WILLIAM R. GERHART, A. M., whose office is in the Law Building, comer of Duke and Grant streets, Lancaster, is engaged as a patent solicitor, having a very successful and extensive business. Col. Gerhart, who was one of the young- est men ever commissioned colonel in the U. S. army (being a veteran of the Civil war), has a professional record which is as honorable as his war record. Col. Gerhart was born in Gettysburg, Pa., Jan. 10, 1844, a son of Rev. E. V. Gerhart, D. D., LL. D., president of the Theological Seminary of the Reformed Church in the United States at Lancaster, an account of Dr. Gerhart's interesting and useful life being given elsewhere in this work. Col. Gerhart is the eldest in his family, and was reared and edu- cated in Lancaster, entering Franklin and Marshall College in 1859, and graduating in 1863, with the degree of A. B. Soon after his enlistment in the army the college conferred upon him the degree of Master of Arts, and, the war of the Rebellion being then in progress, there were no commencement exercises. In 1862 he was lieutenant of the State militia called out at the time of the battle of An- tietam. In June, 1863, he enlisted in Independent Battery I, Pennsylvania Artillery, becoming first sergeant and later second lieutenant. With his bat- tery he went to Philadelphia, and thence to Harper's Ferry. In the spring of 1864 he was commissioned major of the 125th United States Colored Infantry, of which he later became colonel, and from Fort BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1343 Leavenworth, Kans., marched with his regiment across the plains to New Mexico, taking the old Santa Fe trail through that State and Colorado as far as El Paso, Texas. This was a difficult and hazardous march of thirteen hundred miles or more, through a hostile country, all the Indians being on the war path, and it took about three months to ac- complish it. The march was made without loss of animals or materials. The regiment remained in New Mexico about a year and a half, protecting the settlements against hostile Indians, until 1867, and returned in December of that year. They had several encounters with the Indians at Fort Craig and other points, and after being mustered out, at Fort Leavenworth, returned to their homes. Col.. Gerhart returned to Lancaster and became city engineer or regulator, occupying that position for four and a half years. In 1876 he opened his office as solicitor of patents, and has succeeded in becom- ing widely known and in building up a splendid business. Fraternally Col. Gerhart is a Grand Army man, being a member of George H. Thomas Post, No. 84, and he is past commander of the Knights of the Mystic Chain. Politically he is a stanch Republican. In 1882 Col. Gerhart married Miss Ella Car- penter, daughter of the late William Carpenter, who is mentioned in the sketch of Henry Carpenter, Esq., a popular member of the Lancaster Bar. Mrs. Gerhart entered into rest in June, 1902. CARL REESE EABY, a prominent young at- torney at law in Lancaster, comes from a family whose various representatives have been closely associated with the history of this county for gen- erations. The first Eaby in this section was Daniel M. Eaby, who came from England, passed the remain- der of his life on his farm in Bart township, and rose to considerable prominence in his community. He was Scotch-Irish by birth and a Presbyterian in religious faith. George W. Eaby, the father of Carl Reese, is a prominent real-estate and insurance man of Lan- caster. He married Rachel A. Reese, a highly edu- cated lady, belonging to a well-known and substan- tial family of Revolutionary ancestry. Mrs. Eaby, is a Daughter of the Revolution, and is eligible to .membership in the Society of Colonial Dames. Carl Reese Eaby was born in Sadsburyville, Chester Co., Pa., Dec. 4, 1867; and, his parents removing to Lancaster when he was a mere lad, his education was obtained in the public schools of •the city and Franklin and Marshall College. He graduated from the city high school June 30, 1882 —the youngest male graduate of that school in its entire history. Upon his graduation from Frank- lin and Marshall young Eaby entered the law office of Brown & Hens'el, both highly distinguished mem- bers of the profession, and who subsequently at- tained distinguished honors, Mr. Brown on the Bench of the Supreme court and Mr. Hensel as Attorney-General of the State. With such precep- tors', coupled with his own ability, Mr. Eaby entered upon the practice of the law under more than ordin- arily favorable circumstances, and the promise of that bright beginning has been richly fulfilled. He was admitted to practice March 4, 1889, when only twenty-one years old. Mr. Eaby was married, Oct. 16, 1895, to Miss Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Washington F. Ham- bright, the popular depot master of the Pennsyl- vania Railroad in Lancaster, and this union has been blessed by the birth of one child, Carl Reese, Jr. On April 9, 1894, Mr. Eaby joined the Hospital Corps of Battery C, and during the Spanish-Amer- ican war became commissary sergeant of Co. B, .nth Regiment, Provisional National Guard of Pennsylvania. On Sept. 10, 1897, he accompanied his command to Hazleton to put down the riots, remaining there three weeks ; and in the latter part of 1900 he served nineteen days with his command at Shenandoah, again helping to quell strike trouble. Mr. Eaby is an active, earnest Republican, and has given faithful and intelligent service as county auditor, to which office he was appointed by the court. He is a member of the Pennsylvania Bar Association, and fraternally belongs to Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M. ; Temple Chapter, No. 248, R. A. M. ; Lancaster Lodge, No. 134, Order of Elks (in which he is a past officer), the^ Royal Arcanum, and Herschel Lodge, No. 123, I. O. O. F. Religiously he is a member of Holy Trinity Lutheran Church. He stands very high in the esteem of all who know him. His genial nature and bright personality have won him a host of friends, and he is one of the most popular young men in the professional and com- mercial life in Lancaster at the present time. JOHN J. COCHRAN, late of the coal firm of John Keller & Co., and still connected with that busi- ness, belongs to an old and distinguished family. His father was John Jefferson Cochran, who was the son of Dr. Richard Ellis Cochran, of Columbia. Back of them stretches a long ancestral line to the Scottish nobility. The first Cochran came to this country from Paisley, Scotland, in the early part of the 1 8th century. John Jefferson Cochran, father of John J., made his appearance in I^ancaster forty-eight years ago, and was a member for a time of the firm of Cochran, Peale & Co. Drifting into journalism, Mr. Cochran became the editor and publisher of the Lancaster Union. At the inception of the New Era, he became its editor, and was in charge of the publication until his death in May, 1879. For two terms he was postmaster of the city, discharging the duties of that responsible position with a rare fidelity and an ability that won him many friends. In early man- hood Mr. Cochran was married to Catherine, daugh- ter of Thomas Baumgardner, a prominent citizen of York. To this union were born thirteen children. 1344 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY five of whom survive: Thomas B. and Harry B. are the editors and publishers of the Lancaster Examiner, the former having been for twenty-five years in prominent positions in Harrisburg, among them being the chief clerkship of the Senate ; Rich- ard Ellis is the vice-president of United States Life Insurance ("o., of New York, and ex-president of the National Association of Underwriters ; Alice Evans is the wife of Charles Morrell, of Merchant- ville, N. J., and John J- John J. Cochran, was born March 4, 1856. After his graduation from the Lancaster High School he entered the old Inquirer printing office, now known as the Wickersham Company, as ap- prentice. Here he remained until 1876, when he took a course in the Dickenson Business College in Philadelphia, after which he resumed his work in' the printing business. In 1878 he went to Texas and for eight months engaged in ranching, but was called back to Lancaster by the serious illness and death of his father. Mr. Cochran entered the lock manufacturing industry, in which he was en- gaged in 1879 and 1880, when he became secretary of the Columbia Rolling Mill Co., a position he held until 1893. That year he became a member of the coal firm of John Keller & Co., and here he continued until Jan. i, 1900, when he withdrew from the firm, but still remained as ah assistant in the management of the business. Mr. Cochran has always been an ardent Republican, and was elected to the common council, from the sixth ward, though he did seek the office. Anna Maud Keller, his wife, is the oldest daugh- ter of the late John Keller, the prominent railroad contractor. Mr. and Mrs. Cochran have four chil- dren : Marion, Ethel, Amy and John Franklin, all young and in school, the youngest being in the kindergarten. Mr. Cochran has been an extensive traveler, particularly in the far West. He is a man of intel- ligence and keen observation, and his travels have proved a source of pleasure to himself and a profit to- his friends, his conversation being very instruc- tive. Of quiet and peaceful temper, he pursues the even tenor of his way, a man much respected and es- teemed by all. SIMON B. MINNICH, one of the prominent citizens of Landisville, Lancaster county, was born in that village Jan. 5, 1845, a son of Simon and Eliz- abeth (Bnibaker) Minnich, and a descendant of Si- mon Muench, who was his great-great-grandfather, and who arrived at Philadelphia from the Rhine provinces, Germany, in 1751- [Vol. XVII, 2d Series, Pennsylvania Archives.] Jacob Muench son of Simon Aluench, married Elizabeth Wolf in 1774, and settled on Chestnut Hill, where he fol- lowed, his trade of carpenter or cabinetmaker and also engaged in farming. To this couple were born ejeven children, the eldest of whom, Jacob, was born in 1775. This son, Jacob, was twice married. By his first wife, Barbara Lare, he had seven chil- dren, and by his second, Elizabeth Gamber, he had ten. Simon Minnich, born in 1803, was the third child by the first wife, and was the father of Simon B. Minnich, the subject of this sketch. Simon Minnich was a well-known resident of Landisville, where for many years he conducted a blacksmith shop, later engaging in farming. About 1847 he opened the "Sycamore Hotel," which he con- ducted for more than thirty years in connection with farming. His wife, Elizabeth Brubaker Min- nich, was born in 1827. To them were born eight children, Simon B., Henry E. (deceased), Fannie B. (Trout) (deceased), Jacob B., Jonas L., Eliza- beth (deceased), Ella, and Anna B. (Courtney). Simon Minnich died in 1879, at the age of seventy- six, his widow surviving until 1897. Simon B. Minnich was married, Nov. 5, 1867, to Mary C. Wissler, born May 23, 1848, a daughter of John S. and Catherine H. (Baer) Wissler. To Simon B. and Mary C. Minnich were born six chil- dren: Simon W., born Dec. 28, 1868; Mamie W., who died in childhood; Harvey W., born July 4, 1878 , Lizzie W., who died in childhood ; John W., who died voung; and Grace Evelyn, born June i, 1888. Simon B. Minnich was reared in the village of his birth, and attended public school in East Hemp^ field township. He was an apt and diligent pupil, with a natural talent for mathematics. At the age of nineteen he began teaching, and for three terms was engaged in this profession, teaching what is now Independence school, two miles east of Landis- ville. He then engaged in the mercantile business, and for a number of years conducted the general store in the village. He early developed a fondness for mechanics, the logical result of his youthful train- ing in mathematics, and when not occupied with his business interests was working on models or plans of diflferent useful mechanical appliances, quite a fe^v of which he perfected and patented. . His most successful invention is a baling press for baling to- bacco, paper-stock, hides, hops, hay, hemp, wool,, flax, broom-corn, blankets, cotton, scrap tin, &c.. Several thousand of these presses have been sold, and they are in use as far east as India and the Phil- ippines, and as far south as Peru. Other inventions that have proved either a commercial or a mechan- ical success are a hay hoisting machine, a stable hook, wagon jack, door fastener, double eccentric lifting device, mechanism for overcoming the dead- center in crank-driven .machinery, nut lock, broom holder, and, recently, a rotary blower which gives promise of success, a model of which is now being constructed. In 1883 Mr. Minnich erected machine shops for the manufacture of his inventions. This plant is now occupied by the Monitor Steam Heater & Gen- erator Manufacturing Company, and is located near the Pennsylvania Railroad. In 1900 the increased business demanded better facilities for the erectioit BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1346 of his baling presses, which have grown from a small tobacco press of 1876, weighing 150 pounds, to a mammoth all steel structure of more than 3,000 poimds, and to meet this demand a two-story brick i factory, 40x120 feet, was erected and fitted with new and improved machinery. In the pursuit of his business Mr. Minnich has [ visited all the large cities, and scores of the larger ' towns between St. Paul, Minn., and Portland, Maine. Energetic and active, never idling about, ' progressive, with original advanced ideas on sociol- , ogy and economics, broadened by his frequent con- : tact with the bright business men of the country, ! thoroughly domestic m his habits and desires, not- withstanding his frequent extended business trips, of strong and upright character, consistently advo- , eating all measures for the advancement and better- 1 ment of humanity, and living up to his own high standards of life, modeled after the teachings of the great philosophers and educatots, he receives from all the respect and confidence which he so well , merits. JOHN E. HOUSER, one of the younger busi- ness men and citizens of West Lampeter township, Lancaster county, belongs to an old and honored family and worthily wears a good name that has come to him from respected ancestors. John E. Houser was born in West Lampeter township, Aug. 16, 1870, and is a son of Christian and Emma F. (Hoover) Houser. The father was born in West Lampeter township, on the old Houser homestead, a mile and a half northeast of Lancaster, ! in 1844 and died in 1898. He was a son of John and Lydia (Lefever) Houser, and a grandson of Chris- tian Houser. Christian Houser, the father of John E., was ' reared on the old homestead and educated in the pub- . lie schools. Remaining at home until he was twenty- : three, he was then married and located on a fdrm of ', fourteen acres near Lampeter Square. After spend- ' ing some four years at that point, he moved to the farm where he spent the remainder of his days, and where his widow is still living. This farm com- prises eighty acres and is a mile north of Lampeter. Success attended his earnest efforts. Tobacco was his favorite crop and he did well in its culture. Christian Houser was married to Emma F.; a daughter of Jacob and Hettie (Hoffman) Hoover. She was born in Strasburg township in 1846, and is the mother of the following children : Hattie, the wife of Ephraim Weaver, of Manor township ; John E : Edith, who died in childhood; Winnie M. ; Liz- zie ; Ella M. ; Mabel A. ; Emma L. ; Ethel A. ; Maude C. Mr. and Mrs. Houser belonged to the Reformed Mennonite Church. John E. Houser was reared on the farm and edu- cated in the public schools. When he was twenty- three years of age he engaged in business for himself on the farm he has since occupied. It contains twen- ty-three acres and is a mile and a quarter north of 85 Lampeter. On this beautiful and modern farm in 1894 he erected a handsome brick residence, and from time to time has made other and valuable im,- provements. Mr. Houser, in addition to carrying on his own farm, superintends his mother's. The com- munity entertains for him the highest respect, and has made him judge and inspector of elections, as well as calling him to other positions, complimentary to one so young. John E. Houser was married March 23, 1893, to Emma K., a daughter of the late Adam Lefever, by whom he has four children ; Kathryn E., Evelyn M., Willis L. and John L. The family is well regarded by those who know them best. JOHN HENRY KLINE, one of the proprietors of the Boston Shoe Store, on West King street, Lan- caster, is not only a merchant, but a printer and pressman, and at present has charge of the stock room of The New Era Printing Company. His grandfather came -to America from Germany and settled in Lebanon county. Pa. ; his grandmother came to this country from Switzerland and settled in Dauphin county, this State. Both came to this country when children. John M. Kline, father of John Henry, was a sta- tionary engineer of Belle Grove, Lebanon county. He maiTied Miss Leah Landis, whose father was at one time steward of the Dauphin county almshouse. Their union was blessed with two sons, one of whom died in infancy, the survivor being John Henry. John Henry Kline was born in Lebanon county, Jan. I, 1845, and was educated in the public schools of his district and in Annville Academy. When he was fourteen years old his father died, and the lad was obliged to give up his studies. His first employr ment was in a store in Harrisburg, and in i860, when the big "Wideawake Club" processions were being held, young Kline was told that he would be given free transportation to Lancaster, if he could get a caj)e and go along with a club. He secured the cape, came to Lancaster and never left it; The next morning he found employment in John Herr's dry- goods store, in East King street, but not liking that business went to printing in the old Union office, in Centre Square. His next move was to the Daily Express office, where he remained eleven years, and after spending four years on the Inquirer he became superintendent of The Eew Era press-room, retain- ing that position for twenty-one years. In 1898 Mr. Kline engaged in the shoe business, but although still retaining his interest in the shoe store he has returned to The New Era, and holds a responsible position there. During the war of the Rebellion, Mr. Kline en- listed in' Co. E, 50th P. V. I., serving gallantly until honorably discharged at the close of the struggle. On Nov. 10, 1864, Mr. Kline was married to Miss Kate Martin, daughter of the late George Mar- tin, one of the pioneer rope manufacturers of Lan- caster, and belonging to one of the oldest and most 1346 ■ BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY respected families in the county. To this union came four children, only one of whom is living, Benjamin Franklin, a bright lad, who is a member of the class of 1903, Boys' High School, of Lancaster. Mr. Kline's daughter Katie, who became the wife of Oliver Baker, a salesman in Marshall & Rengier's hardware' store, entered into rest in September, 1900. Mr. Kline is an earnest member of St. John's Lutheran Church, where he was a deacon for several years. He is superintendent of Gotwald Memorial Mission Sunday-school, a position he has held for more than thirty years, and to the support of which he has given a great deal of intelligent labor. So- cially he belongs to Monterey L,odge, No. 242, I. O. O. F., and to Washington Encampment, No. 11. No man in the city is more respected, and no man stands higher in the esteem of his fellow church workers, fraternal 'associates, neighbors and the community in general than John Henry Kline, printer, pressman iand merchant. ■ SAMUEL RICHMOND WEAVER, Esq., a member of the Lancaster Bar, is descended from an- cestors who came to America from Switzerland sev- eral generations ago, and this branch of this family -were the founders of Weaverland, this county. Samuel E. Weaver, the grandfather of Samuel R., was a well-known cattle dealer living near Blue Ball, and Eli, the father of Samuel R., was also a cattle dealer — the most extensive, indeed, in East- ern Lancaster county. He, too, lived at Blue Ball, where he died in 1891, aged only forty-six years, his death having been caused by blood poisoning in- duced by an accident. Eli Weaver married Susan Richmond, daughter of Isaac Richmond, a farmer of Martindale. Mrs. Weaver died in 1884, aged thirty-seven years. Although the parents of Samuel R. Weaver died so early in life, both of his grand- mothers are living, and each is now (1903) seventy- eight years old. Seven children were born of the union of Eli Weaver and Susan Richmond, six of whom are 'living, as follows: John R., a livestock- dealer of Philadelphia; Elizabeth, wife of H. M. Stauffer. a coal and lumber dealer at Leola; Mary, wife of Harvey E. Weaver, a cigar manufacturer of Terrehill ; Emma, unmarried and making her home with her sister, Mrs. Stauifer; Viola, wife of John H. Hornberger, traveling salesman for Miller & Hartman. wholesale grocers of Lancaster ; and Sam- uel R. Samuel R. Weaver was born in Earl township Jan. 5, 1868, and after receiving a partial education in the public schools of his district attended Muhlen- berg College, at Allentown, from which he was grad- uated in i8qo. After graduating from college, Mr. Weaver read law with the late George Nauman, Esq., and was admitted to practice Oct. 15, 1893. After practicing his profession until 1898, Mr. Weaver accepted a position with the North American of Philadelphia, remaining with that journal until March, 1903, when after a few years of experience in newspaper work, he returned to Lancaster and resumed the practice of his chosen profession. Mr. Weaver is unmarried. A stanch Republican, Mr. Weaver belongs to the Young Republicans, this being the only organiza- tion of which he is a member. He has always taken an active mterest in the affairs of the Republican party, having been a member of the Republican County Committee from Blue Ball for two years, a delegate from the Northern District to the Repub- lican State convention, in 1892, and a campaign ora- tor for the Republican cause, having made speeches in various sections. Religiously, Mr. Weaver is a Presbyterian, being a member of the Cedar Grove Presbyterian Church; and, religiously, politically and professionally, he is deeply in earnest, and the future for him is full of bright promise. CHRISTIAN HABECKER, distiller, of Eliza- beth township, descends from an old and honorable family of Lancaster county. His grandfather also named Christian, lived and died near Brunnerville, Pa., where he carried on a butcher business in con- nection with farming until his death, in 1850. He married Miss Barbara Hollinger, by whom he had the following children : Joseph, of Warwick town- ship ; Moses, a carpet weaver of Brunnerville ; Adam, the father of Christian; David, who was proprietor and manager of a woolen mill and a distillery; Christian, a distiller in East Earl township ; Jonas, a resident of Lebanon county; Isaac, a butcher near Brunnerville ; and Mary, who died unmarried. Adam Habecker, the father of Christian, was born near Brunnerville March 6, 1809, and in 183 1 completed his apprenticeship to the distiller's trade with Martin Grube. He followed that work until his death, in 1S93. He married Miss Susan Shoe- maker, and became the father of eleven children: Isaac, deceased, was a carpenter and painter at Lit- itz : Henry is a blacksmith at White Oak, Pa. ; Chris- tian is mentioned below ; Catherine is the wife of Isaac Dickens ; Barbara is the wife of John White ; Allen is a foundryman in the city of Lancaster; Benjamin is a resident of Montgomery county; Jacob is a pretzel baker of Kissel Hill, Pa. ; Eliza- beth is the wife of David Keath, of Unionville, Pa. ; Adam and John died young. Christian Habecker, whose name appears at the openmg of this article, was born in Warwick town- ship, Aug. 27, 1840, and lived at home with his par- ents until after he was of age. His education was received in the public schools, and he was well pre- pared for the responsibilities of active life. Remain- mg at home for about four years after passing his majority, he worked at farming, and then established a distillery on the farm of Mr. Sahm, which he operated for some five years. At the end of that period he bought the property where he is still es- tablished, and where he has built up a creditable reputation as a distiller, the Habecker whiskey hav- mg become famous all over the State. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1347 Mr. Habecker married Mary Sahm, daughter of Daniel Sahm, and to this union were born three chil- dren : Catherine, who is the wife of William Reyer, of Manheim, Pa. ; Henry, at home ; and Lydia, who married Abram Balmer, of Rothsville, Pa. Mr. Habecker is one of the enlightened and progressive citizens of Lancaster county. Personally he com- mands the friendship of many by reason of his kind- ly character and genuine public spirit. GEORGE B. WILLSON, whose name to the people of Lancaster county is synonymous with prog- ress, is a native-born Lancasterian, his birth occur- ring in that city April 4, 1856. George VVillson, Sr., his grandfather, was an Englishman by birth, but with his two brothers es- poused the cause of Ireland in 1798, and fought in the Irish army. For this his property in England was confiscated, and he nevei: returned to his native land, but died in the land whose distress had so ap- pealed to his sympathies. George Willson, Jr., was nine years of age when his father died. He was born in County Derry, Ire- land, in January, 1799. At the age of nineteen he came to America, and located in Lancaster, where he engaged in the wholesale jewelry business for twen- ty-five years. At the end of that time he retired, and his death occurred in 1881. About 1847 he married Mary A. Rettew, daughter of David and Elizabeth Rettew, farming people of Lancaster county. The Rettews have long been known in Pennsylvania, hav- ing had a grant of 1,500 acres of land direct from the Penns. To George Willson and his wife were born six children, as follows : Anrila, who died in in- fancy : John C. and David B. (twins), both deceased, of whom John C. was a civil engineer and David B. a priest of the Episcopal Church: Rachel R. and Mary E. (twins), of whom Rachel is deceased; and George B. The father was a Democrat in political faith, and was elected a councilman from a strong Republican ward, serving as long as he would accept the office. George B. Willson received his education in the common schools of Maytown, Lancaster county, and at the age of seventeen began an apprenticeship at the coach trimming trade with Samuel Cox, with whom he worked four years. In 1877 he went to Bellefonte, Pa., for his health, his lungs having be- come afifected. In the fall of that year, however, he returned to Lancaster and took charge of the books of Flinn & Breneman, house furnishers, with whom he remained two years, when he bought the interest of Major Breneman. After three years he sold it back to Major Breneman-, and on account of failmg health sought the milder climate of the sunny South. In May, 1884, he returned to his native county, and purchased the old Buchanan home, known as "Wheatland," where he has since resided. This house is historical, inasmuch as it was the home of president Buchanan for twenty-seven years, and where he died, in 1868. The place originally con- tained twenty-two acres, but part of this Mr. Will- son sold to H. F. Williamson, who erected a fine home. From this beginning sprang the building up of the beautiful West End of Lancaster, which con- tains many of the beautiful homes of the county. After selling this land to Mr. Williamson Mr. Will- son bought fifty acres of the Amos Funk' farm, -and in company with Judge Brown platted and laid out and graded streets, and built a city of fine homes just outside the city limits of Lancaster. They also bought fifty acres more, treating it in the same man- ner. Through liberal inducements the car line has been extended and everything possible for the com- fort and well-being of the residents effected. Mr. Willson has a large green house and makes a busi- ness of raising hot-house fruits and vegetables. In all things is Mr. Willson progressive. He was one of the first to conceive the possibility of utilizing the Conestoga as a power to liglat the streets, and was one of the organizers of the Lancaster Electric Light, Heat and Power Co., of which he has been and is now secretary. In his political faith he is a Gold .Democrat, and was a delegate to the convention that placed in nomination Palmer and Buckner. He has often been urged by his friends to run for office, but has refused to accept such honors. He has traveled quite extensively in the United States. In his fra- ternal connections Mr. Willson is a twenty-second degree Mason, and has passed all the chairs in the different lodges up to that degree. He is a com- municant in the Episcopal Church, and is a vestry- man and registrar of the parish of St. James Church. WILLIAM M. GROUSE, a highly respected citizen of West Cocalico township, Lancaster county, was born Aug. 10, 1828, near Reinholds, son of Will- iam and Sarah (Marshall) Grouse, and was reared on the old homestead. Michael Crouse, his grandfather, was the first of the family to come into Lancaster county. He was born and reared at Worms, Germany, and when he reached manhood came to this country, landing at Philadelphia, where he married Hannah O'Con- nor, the adopted daughter of a Mr. Carson, of that city. To this union were born the following chil- dren: (i) John married and moved to Lycoming county, and from him is descended Judge Crouse, of that county. (2) Susan married Ludwig White, of Berks county, and lived in Manheim township, Lan- caster county, where their descendants are still to be found. (3) James lived in Snyder county, and became a prorninent character. His son Jeremiah at one time filled the office of prothonotary in that county, and held a contract in the government ser- vice. His daughter Annie became the wife of Dr. Moore, of Philadelphia, and another daughter mar- ried Rev. Jacob Peters, a Lutheran minister then lo- cated in Manheim, but now living retired in Dauphin county. (4) Elizabeth married Samuel Spears, a boatmaker of Reading, and passed away long ago; all her children are also deceased. (5) Samuel was 1848 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY married to Elizabeth Binkley, of Reinholds, and they had five children, John, Mary, Hannah, Elizabeth and Sarah, all now deceased with the exception of Sarah, who is living at her home in Lebanon county, widow of John Eby, of Ephrata township. Samuel Crouse married, for his second wife, Sarah, the sis- ter of his first wife, and to this union were born seven children, four of whom survive, Samuel, Jr., Mrs. Polly Moore, Mrs. Kate Houck and Mrs. Caroline Smith, all of whom are living in the vicinity of Myerstown, Lebanon county. (6) Hannah mar- ried Jacob Lebo, and is now living in Indiana. (7) Michael, who married Kate Pinkley, moved to York, Pa., where he and his son Henry in after years were engaged in the combmaking business. He is de- ceased, and his son Henry is a wealthy retired mer- chant of Reading. (8) William was the father of William M: William Crouse was born Aug. 10, 1794, at Read- ing, where he was reared, and where he learned the combmaking business. He married Sarah Marshall, of Fritztown, Berks county, and settled near Rein- holds, Lancaster county. Diedrich Marshall, the fa- ther of Mrs. .Sarah Crouse, built the first house in what is now Fritztown, in 1754; it was of stone, is still standing, and belongs to a Mr. Hatt. Mr. Crouse set up a comb factory on the Crouse place, and operated same many years; it was afterward run by his son, William M., and is now in the hands of a grandson, George Crouse. To William and Sarah Crouse were born the following named chil- dren: I'l) Mary, born July 2, 1824, married Louis Gettle, and moved to Iowa, where they died, leaving eight children. (2) William Marshall, whose name introduces this article, was born Aug. 10, 1828, and was the only son of his parents. William Crouse was an active Whig and a stanch Republican. He voted for Jackson, but voted twice for Lincoln, and afterward for Gen. Grant, and was proud of his support given to the Union during the dark days of secession. He passed to his reward Sept. 6, 1872, his wife preceding him to the Silent Land, July 10, 1872. For many years both had been devout and venerated members of the Reformed Church. William M. Crouse was married Oct. 12, 1858, to Hannah, daughter of Henry and Anna (Garman) Eberly, of Reamstown, and they have had the fol- lowing children: (i) Abner L., born Oct. 11, i860, married Annetta Openhauer, and is living at Sink- ing Sprmg, Berks county. They have two children, Jennie (who married Solomon Steflfy) and Stella. (2) Henry Victor, born Jan. 8, 1863, is superintend- ent of the Tenth and Windsor Street Market House, at Reading, where he is also a clerk in a book store. He married Emma Hintz, of Reading, and they have three children, Rosa, Elsie and Magdalene. (3) Mary Alice, born July 11, 1864, married Benjamin Bennetch, of Cocalico, and they have three children living. Harry, Allen and Raymond. (4) George Washineton, born Feb. 22, 1866, married Susan Weidner, daughter of Benjamin Weidner, of Reams- town. They have two children living, Hattie and Mamie. Their home is on the old Crouse farm, and the comb factory, built by his grandfather, is also operated by him. (5) Kate Elizabeth, born Aug. 29, 1867, married Lemon Bucher, of Reinholds, and is the mother of one child, Stephen. (6) Willie Eberly, born Dec. 7, 1868, is a merchant at Schoe- neck.' He married Cora Mellinger, daughter of George and Anna (Hogy) Mellinger, and they have three children, Albert, Willie and Harry. (7) Cal- vin Moses, born Sept. 4, 1871, married Sallie Sterner, of West Reading, Berks county, and is the father of two children, Anna and Catherine. (8) Edwin Lawrence, born Aug. 10, 1874, died April 19, 1876. (9) Sarah Bertha, born April 18, 1876, married Lemuel Snyder, of Berks county, and lives at Walters Park. They have one child. May. (10) Amy Valeary. born Aug. 20, 1879, is at home, as are (11) Julia Bessie, born April 15, 1882, and (13) John Adam, born April 26, 1885. (12) Martha Magdalene, born June 23, 1884, died Sept. 29, fol- lowing. When Mr. Crouse was twenty-one he cast a Re- publican ballot, and he has been stanch in his sup- port of that party to the present time. He has served as election officer, and has been justice of the peace for five years. During the Civil war Mr. Crouse en- tered the army, but he did not remain at the front very long, being discharged on account of ill health. At the present time, after a long and useful life, he is living retired on the old home place, still taking an active part in political and religious matters. CHRISTIAN H. MYERS, a general farmer in the township of East Donegal, is living' on the farm where he was born, Feb. i, 1845. Henry B. and Mary D. (Hershey) Myers, his parents, were born in Rapho township, and both are now dead. The father died on the family homestead in 1898, at the age of seventy-six. In 1844 he located his family there, and it was his home until his death. The mother died in 1894. After their marriage his par- ents spent some ten years in Florin, and lived for a. time on another farm in East Donegal before locat- ing on the place where Christian H. is now found. When the mother died, the father broke up his home and spent his last days with his son. Christian H. They were members of the River Brethren Church, and had two children : Christian H. ; and Anna E.,. who died unmarried at the age of fifty years. The paternal grandparents of Christian H. Myers were Henry and Barbara (Brenner) Myers, both of whom were natives of Lancaster county, and spent their lives engaged in farming in East Don- egal township. Mr. Myers' maternal grandparents, Christ and Susan (Gish) Hershey, were natives of Mt. Joy and West Donegal townships, respectively. They were farmer folks. Christian H. Myers and Anna Sheetz were mar- ried in Rapho township, April 14, 1874, and have BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1849 become the parents of the following children : John, a farmer in Waldon, Colo. ; Levy, deceased ; Elam, a farmer in East Donegal, married to Emma Wiser ; Mary and Amos, who are at home ; and Ezra, de- ceased. Mrs. Anna (Sheetz) Myers was born in Rapho township, March 17, 1856, and is the daughter of John and Catherine (Acker) Sheetz, of that town- ship. Her mother died in 1894, at the age of sixty- three; and was buried in the East Donegal Cross Roads cemetery. They were members of the River Brethren Church. Their children were : Henry, of Florin ; Barbara, who married Samuel Gibble ; Anna ; Samuel, of Mt. Joy; Elizabeth, who died young; Fanny, who married Samuel Fissel. The mother married for her second husband, Samuel Halderman, who died in 1900. By him she had one daughter, Emma, who married William Peifler. Mrs. Myers' paternal grandparents were Abraham and Barbara Sheetz, both natives of Lancaster county, where all their lives were passed. Christian H. Myers has spent his life engaged in the cultivation of his farm, and takes rank among the best and most advanced agriculturists of the county. One hundred acres, all cleared and tilled according to the inost modern notions, are in his farm, and he takes great pride in the neat and credit- able appearance of the place. In his church matters he is known throughout the community as a prom- inent and reliable member of the River Brethren Church, and he is universally regarded as a thor- oughly upright and honorable man. CHARLES ALBERT SAMUELS, proprietor of the Bon Ton Millinery, in the Woolworth build- ing, Lancaster, is descended from a family who have been distinguished in the art of manufacturing fem- inine headwear. Marcus Samuels, who come to America from Posen. Germany, when a boy, became a wholesale milliner in New York City, and died there ; and his wife, whose maiden name was Eva Cohn, was the daughter of a banker of Posen, and is still engaged in the wfholesale millinery trade in New York City, making two trips annually to Europe for the pur- chase of artistic flowers and trimmed hats, and spending her vacation— after each summer's trip to Europe— in her cottage at Long Branch. Mr. and Mrs. Marcus Samuels were blessed with ten chil- dren, seven of whom are living as follows: Rosa, wife' of Oscar Muir, in the millinery trade in New York Citv : Charles Albert ; Augustus, in the same trade in Louisville, Kv. ; Henry, in the millinery trade at Fall River, Mass. ; Herbert, a milliner, of New York ; Sidney, at school in New York City ; and Hattie, at home with her mother. Surely this is a rema'-kable record— unequalled, perhaps, by any other family in this country ; certainly not equalled by any other familv in this section. Charles Albert Samuels was born m New York City Aug 23, 1863, and was educated in the public schools. Leaving school at the age of fifteen years, he entered a wholesale millinery establishment, and later a second establishment of the same kind, spend- ing six years with one and five years with the other. He entered into business for himself, coming to Lan- caster, and locating at No. 13 East King street. This was in 1890, and the '"Bon Ton," which he then established, has steadily grown in popularity until there is scarcely a woman or girl in the city or county who has not purchased goods there. When the grand Woolworth building, on North Queen street, was completed, Mr. Samuels secured a corner store room, and removed to this new and most desirable location about March i, 190 1. It was a pronounced success from the beginning, and a more beautiful store than the present "Bon Ton" cannot be found anywhere in this State. On June 7, 1891. Mr. Samuels was married to Miss Hattie Leopold, whose father, now deceased, was a prominent merchant of Louisville, Ky. One child has blessed the union, Elsie L., a bright little lady of nine years (1901). Mr. Samuels belongs to the Masonic fraternity and the Benevolent Order of Elks and has been a member of the board of directors of the Harmonic Club, one of the leading social organizations of Lan- caster. Quiet and unassuming in manner, ever at- tentive to business, and unwearying in his efforts to please his army of patrons, he richly deserves the great success that has attended his business efforts. W. K. BENDER, of Lititz, is one of the most successful veterinary surgeons of his section in Lan- caster county. Mr. Bender is of German descent, and comes of one of the old established families of this region. His great-grandfather, David Bender, was born July 26, 1741, in Upper Leacock township, this county, and died April 20, 1824. His wife Margaret was born Oct. i, 1.755, and died Sept. 21, 1809. They were the parents of seven children : John, George, Catherine (Mrs. Joseph Heller), Susan, Sarah (both of whom died unmarried), Mrs. Whidelor and Mrs. Shreiner. The father was a successful farmer, and left each of his sons a fine farm. He was a de- voat Christian, and one of the founders of that branch of the German Reformed Church now known as Heller's Church. John Bender, our subject's grandfather, was born in Upper Ixacock township, where he followed farming until his death. He married Elizabeth Kinzer, and eleven children were born to them : one that died in infancy ; David, Michael, Maria, George, William, John, Adam, Deller, Joseph and Widler. John Bender, father of our subject, was born in Leacock township. May 7, 1825. He was engaged as veterinary surgeon, and kept the "Rome Hotel," near Lititz, which is still in the hands of the family. He was a very extensive horse dealer, and furnished horses for the government throughout the Rebel- 1350 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY lion. In politics he was a stanch Democrat, and a very active worker for his party. Mr. Bender mar- ried Miss Rebecca Busser, and to them were borti sixteen children, eleven of whom died in infancy: They are buried in the old Heller burying ground, in Leacock township. W. K. is our subject; John T. is a, cigar manufacturer of Lititz; Tillie is the wife of S. K. Snavely, of Lititz; Alma is the wife of H. M. Eckert, of Lititz ; Clara is the wife of Frank Funk, of Pittsburg. The father died Sept. 15, 1883. W. K. Bender was born in Leacock township Oct. 2, 1852, and lived with his parents until he was twenty-eight years of age. He received his literary education at the Lititz academy, and studied vet- erinary surgery with his father, finally beginning practice on his own account. He has continued to follow this calling ever since, and is one of the most successful in his line in Lancaster county. Mr. Bender kept the old "Rome Hotel" for four years. Mr. Bender has always been found reliable and trust- worthy by all who have had had dealings with him. His standing as a citizen is among the best residents of his community, where he holds the high regard of all who know him. Mr. Bender married Miss Maria Bachman, daughter of Cornelius and Charlotte Bachman, and to this union have been born three children : Harry E., who is also a veterinary surgeon, a graduate of the Lititz high school, of Franklin and Marshall Academy, of Lancaster, and of the University of Pennsylvania; Miss Charlotte Irene, a graduate of Linden Hall Seminary, living at home; and John Richard, at home. J. FRANK BUCH. One of the best-known and most influential citizens of the historic borough of Lititz, is John Franklin Buch, a native of Warwick township, wnere his grandfather first saw the light. Mr. Buch's ancestry came from Germany, before the time of his grandparents, and settled in Warwick township, near Lititz. Isaac Buch, the father, was born in Warwick, in 1827, and in 1849, married Eliz- abeth, the daughter of John Mengle, a well-known citizen of Manheim. From this union two sons and one daughter were born: Amanda, wife of A. K. Hornberger, of West Earl, this county; Walter, a clothier of Lititz ; and J. Frank, editor and publisher of the Lititz Record. J. Frank Buch was born in Warwick, near Lititz, Feb. 16, 1852, and was educated in the public schools of the district and in the Lititz Academy. Leaving the latter institution, he came to Lancaster and en- tered the office of the Intelligencer, as an apprentice at the printing trade, remaining there three and one- half years, when he went to Philadelphia. There he worked for one and one-half years in a first class printing office, perfecting his knowledge of "the art preservative." Returning to Lititz in 1876, he started a job^ printing office, and so great was his success that he determined to publish a newspaper, and this de- termination resulted in the establishment of the Lititz Record. This was in the fall of 1877, and although the paper was started as a six-page folio, it has sev- eral times been enlarged until today it is one of the newsiest, most vigorous and most substantial weekly publications in Lancaster county. On March 10, 1881, Mr. Buch was married to Miss Mary E., a daughter of Mr. Valentine Brobst, of Rehrersburg, Berks county, a sister of Dr. James C. Brobst, of Lititz. From this union were born these children : Edith May, deceased ; Ralph ; The- odore ; Mary Esther ; John Edward, the last named was the namesake of two uncles ; and Charles Frank- lin, who died young. Mr. Buch is a member of Lodge No. 253, Knights of Pythias, of Lititz. He has served as' a member of the Board of School Di- rectors, of Lititz ; has been treasurer of the Springs Committee of the Moravian Church — the commit- tee which looks over the interests and has absolute control of the world-famous Lititz Springs and their beautiful grounds ; and has been secretary of the Lititz Electric Light Company from the date of its organization in 1893. In 1901 he was one of the organizers of the Farmers' National Bank of Lititz, of which he has served as secretary from the be- ginning. Mr. Buch is known almost as well in Lancaster as Lititz, being personally very popular among the newspaper men of the capital city of the county, and just as popular among the leading merchants of the city, many of whom avail themselves of the wide circulation of his paper — in one of the richest agricultural regions of the state — to advertise their merchandise. Progressive in all things, and in noth- ing more than in the conduct of his ably-edited and neatly-printed paper; sociable and friendly with all persons who come in contact with him ; straightfor- ward in all his business dealings, and with a 'pleas- ant personality that is constantly winning friends. Mr. Buch is a veritable tower of strength in the com- munity in which he lives. ARTHUR BOARDMAN. Looking for one of the most popular business men as well as substantial and highly esteemed citizens of Lancaster, attention is soon called to Arthur Boardman, who is probably the largest wholesale coal dealer in Lancaster coun- ty. Although a business life of integrity entitles him to universal respect, his action in refusing to advance the price of his commodity to his old cus- tomers, gave his fellow-citizens who were suffering from the effects of the disturbances in the coal re-" gions, a still further proof of his honest intentions and desire for only legitimate profit. Mr. Boardman was born in Lancaster, Pa., Oct. 13, 1865, a son of Harris and Sarah (Billings) Boardman, the former a native of Griswold, Conn., and the latter of New London county, Conn. The late Harris Boardman was born in Griswold, Conn., Feb. 10, 1824, a son of John and Abby (Cook)' Boardman, prominent farming people, who reared BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1351 two daughters and seven sons, all of the latter dis- playing great mechanical genius. Until the age of eighteen. Harris Boardman remained on the farm and then entered a machine shop where his natural tastes soon made hmi expert and skillful. In young manhood he came to Lancaster to set up some en- gines and being pleased with the country and the business outlook, remained and became a citizen. His mechanical ability was noted at that time, he having set up the largest engine ever put into op- eration jn Lancaster, up to that time. In 1856, with S. S. Spencer and Seth Spencer, brothers, he en- tered into a partnership for the manufacture of cot- ton goods, a business which was continued until 1861, when it was dissolved at the death of Seth Spencer. Then Mr. Boardman began the manufacture of gun locks, and furnished the same used in the army dur- ing the Civil war, closing this establishment when the active demand for this article ceased. He then became the pioneer cork manufacturer and con- ducted this business for eight years with increasing prosperity, the burning of his mill causing him to re- tire from active business. He was the inventor and patentee of all the present machinery used in the cork works of Lancaster, much of it of a complex character, necessary for the work done in this fac- tory. These patents made Mr. Boardman a man of large wealth. For a time he was one of the school directors in Lancaster, and was a very prominent member of the Masonic fraternity, being a Royal Arch Mason. In politics he was active in the Re- publican party. After a life of unusual mental ac- tivity combined with unceasing business industry, Mr. Boardman died Feb. 10, 1871, aged forty-seven years. His acquaintance was large and he was a man who enjoyed the esteem of all. Through the possession of a fine, cultivated voice, he was popu- lar in various musical organizations and social meet- ings in his community. Mr. Boardman was buried in Woodward Hill cemetery. The children of Harris and Sarah (Billings) Boardman were the foUowmg: Dr. Walter, who, was a prominent physician in Lancaster, died in 1900, married Ella Kiser, and their one son, Walter P., resides with his mother ; Arthur, a leading coal merchant of Lancaster; and Harris, an electrician, is superintendent of the Orange Street plant in Lan- caster. His residence is with his mother, who con- tracted a second marriage, with Henry Carpenter, and resides in Lancaster. The maternal ancestry of Mr. Boardman can be traced back as far as 1640, when William Billings left his home in Brighton, Eng., and emigrated to America with his brothers Nathaniel, Roger and Richard. Ebenezer Billings, the great-great-grand- father, was a lieutenant in the French and Indian War, and a captain in the Revolutionary War, and married Ann Comstock. Sanford Billings, son of Capt. Ebeiiezer, married Lucy Gear. Capt. Gil- bert, son of Sanford, was a captain of a vessel in the mercantile trade, and married Lucy Swan, of Con- necticut. Hon. Benjamin F. Billings, the father of Mrs. Carpenter, was born in New London county. Conn. In early life he was a farmer and also a teacher of music. Later he entered into political life and served for one term as a member of the Connec- ticut State Senate, and three terms as a representa- tive in the General Assembly. At the age of eight years, Arthur Boardman went to spend some time with his mother's relatives in Connecticut, but returned four years later and has made this city his home ever since. After complet- ing his course in the Lancaster schools, which in- cluded graduation from the High School, Mr. Boardman took a course in Franklin and Marshall College, but entered into business life at the age of twenty years. His office is conveniently located, and his yards so placed as to give excellent railroad facilities. Mr. Boardman handles all kinds of first- class coal and is next to the largest dealer in Lan- caster. In 1888, in Lancaster, Mr. Boardman was united in marriage with Mary King, who was born in White Rock, a daughter of John King, and a mem- ber of a family of prominence whose ancestors took part in the Revolutionary War. Her mother was a Slaymaker. One daughter has been born to this union, Sarah B. Mrs. Boardman is a lady of cul- ture, and is a member of the social Society of Revo- lutionary Dames. Both she and husband are members of the' Presbyterian Church, of which Mr. Boardman is a trustee. In politics he is identified with the Republican party. His fraternal connec- tions are with the B. P. O. E., and the Masonic or- ders, his family all having been prominently asso- ciated with this fraternity. WILLIAM T. PUGH. Among the prominent business citizens of West Lampeter township, who is also an efficient public official, is William T. Pugh, the proprietor and operator of the well-known Wheatland Mills, and since 1895, the capable and reliable postmaster. William T. Pugh was born in Bart township, Lancaster county, March i, 1862, a son of James and Mary E. Pugh, growing up in his native place and attending the public schools. At the age of thirteen he entered the Nickel mills where he was employed until he was eighteen, and then entered upon the milling business, of which he has made so much of a success. For five years he was employed at the Pequea mills, under a Mr. Haskell and ttioroughly mastered every detail, and then, in association with his brother, Samuel J. Pugh, under the firm name of Pugh & Bro., took charge of the mills and en- gaged in the business there for a period of two years, later assuming entire control for three years. After retiring from the Pequea mills he and his brother worked the Willowstreet mill for one year, and then returned to the Pequea mills where he took charge for the following two years. For the past five years, however, Mr. Pugh has 1352 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY successfully conducted the great Wheatland Mills, doing both custom and merchant milling. In con- nection with D. G. Kendig, he purchased this plant, and upon the death of the latter two years later, took entire charge of the business, which has grown to large proportions, taxing the capacity of the plant. His output is largely disposed of in the vicinity, much of his trade being with the merchants of Lan- caster City. William T. Pugh was married, in 1884, to Kate Agon, daughter of John Agon, of Conestoga town- ship, this county, and to this union have been born ten children : JElizabeth (who is a student at the Lancaster Business College), Fannie, Lydia, Mable, Carrie, Annie, Olive, Miles, Ella and John Arthur. In politics Mr. Pugh is a stanch Democrat, and he has been active in local politics. His standing is that of a good citizen, and he holds the respect and es- teem of all with whom he has relations. > PETER B. ESBENSHADE, one of the enter- prising and progressive farmers of Lancaster coun- ty, was born March 13, 185 1, on the old homestead in Manheim township, where he was reared to farm life and obtained his education, attending the public schools. Until he was twenty-seven years of age he remained at home, and when he married he settled down on a considerable part of the homestead, his parents retaining seventy-six acres for themselves. His home is a mile north of the city of Lancaster. The improvements on the place are thoroughly mod- ern, the house being new, and the surroundings made beautiful bv the free use of trees and shrubs. In 18S7 Mr. Esbenshade put up a fine barn, and he has made many other improvements on the place, every feature of which denotes thrift and prosperity. His enrire attention has been given to farming, in which he has prospered steadily, and he has acquired con- siderable property in this county, owning four dif- ferent farms and wood lots — making his total hold- ings about 402 acres. He believes in progress, is a stockholder in the various trolley lines in the county, and is ready to help along any movement that looks to the public good. He belongs to the board of edu- cation of Manheim township. Peter B. Esbenshade was married Dec. 13, 1877, to Miss Susan B. Leaman, daughter of Henry Lea- man, of Strasburg township, and to this union have come four children, Franklin L., Elmer L., Cora L., and Maria L., the last named dying when three years old. The family are among the most respected peo- ple of the county. EMANUEL G. FRY, box manufacturer of Rothsville, Lancaster county, is one of the prosper- ous business men of his section. He descends from one of the old and honored families of Lancaster coimty, being a grandson of Jacob Fry, who was born in Warwick township, in 1803. Jacob Fry was a farmer, and followed that calling all his life. He was a member of the United Brethren Church in which he was a class leader. He married Miss Lydia Hornberger, and they were the parents of three chil- dren: Samuel H., the father of our subject; Mi- chael, deceased, who was employed at general work ; and Fannie, wife of Levi Hollenger. Samuel H. Fry was born in Warwick town- ship May 25, 1827, and lived at home until he was about twentv-three years of age. He was educated in the common schools, and in early life he learned the cooper's trade. He has also worked at carpen- try, butchering, box making, etc., and by thrift and industry succeeded in making a good living. Mr. Fry was ordained to the ministry of the Evangelical Church in 1855, by Bishop Esher, and has been a very faithful worker in the church ever since. He married Miss Barbara Gutiahr, and to their union have been born three children: Emanuel G., our subject; Annie, wife of Aaron Johnson; and Elias, a box maker, of Rothsville. Emanuel G. Fry was born in Warwick town- ship March 25, 1852, and remained under the par- ental roof until he was twenty years of age. He was educated in the common schools, and then learned the trade of carriage building, with John Stark, with whom he continued three years. He then engaged at carriage building on his own account, in Mill^ port and Oregon for about fifteen years. He has since carried on box manufacturing. Like his fa- ther, Mr. P'ry is an active member of and worker in the Evangelical Church, and is a class leader. He wedded Miss Jemima Keller, and to this union have been born eight children, four of whom died in infancy ; Ellie is the wife of Clayton Adonis ; and Miss Clarie, Martin and Edna are at home. CLAYTON S. WENGER. The early records of the family of which Clayton S. Wenger is a worthy representative, tell of its establishment in America, and trace clearly this particular branch in Lancaster county. In the early days in the settle- ment of the State of Pennsylvania, three brothers by the name of Wenger, left their home in the Old World and sailed for America, but one brother died on the long voyage, only Henry and Christian reach- ing these shores. Henry Wenger settled near Potts- town, Pa., and Christian came into Lancaster coun- ty, where he bought 289 acres of land, in West Earl township, from William Penn, for the sum of £44, i6s, this transaction taking place in 1741, and the land is still in the possession of the family. Christian Wenger and his wife. Eve, had these children: Michael, John, and Henry. Michael suc- ceeded his father in the old home, which was deeded to him in 1764, and he became the father of the noted M ennonite minister. Rev. Joseph Wenger, and the latter was the father of the no less noted Rev. Michael Wenger. The latter lived on the old home- stead and left the property to his son Joseph, who lived and died there, leaving the farm to his son Michael Wenger, who was the grandfather of Clay- ton S. Wenger, of this biography. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1353 Michael Wenger, grandfather of Clayton S., had a family of six sons and four daughters: Marks, Fannie, Michael, Joel, Elizabeth, Mathew, Gabriel, Menno, Susan and Maria. Joel Wenger married Fannie M. Swarr, in 1848, and to this marriage these children were born: Clayton S., of this sketch; Lizzie, born in 1853, married Amos P. Shaffer, of East Lampeter township ; Susan married Clarence Lichty, of Lancaster ; and A. Lincoln, born in 1864, died in 1890. In 1872 the mother of these children passed away, and on Jan. 11, 1882, Mr. Wenger mar- ried Miss Sallie Caproth, of West Earl township, from which union there has been no issue. Clayton S. Wenger was born on Aug. 14, 1850, a son of Joel and Fannie M. (Swarr) Wenger. His education" was in the district schools of West Earl, and early in life he learned the business of milling, being at present engaged in that business, and he is also the proprietor of the Brownstown Electric Works, and one of the most capable and reliable men, in a business way, in this locality. On Dec. 5, 1876, Clayton S. Wenger was mar- ried to Miss May Landis, of Manor township, a daughter of Jacob and Anna (Herr) Landis, and to this union three sons have been born : Clarence L., born June 30, 1877, resides at home; Vincent Eu- gene, born April 27, 1880; and Jacob Joel, born Jan. 5, 1884, now a student in Franklin and Mar- shall College, of Lancaster. Mr. Wenger is one of the most highly respected citizens of Lancaster coun- ty, a Republican in his political views, and a worthy and consistent member of the German Reformed Church. DANIEL B. NISLEY. In almost every pleas- ant town contiguous to a flourishing farming dis- trict, may be found a most excellent class of citi- zens who have located there late in life, after a busy and successful agricultural career. This is notably the case in Maytown, Lancaster county, and prom- inent in this class is Daniel B. Nisley, who has re- sided in the town since leaving his farm in 1889. Mr. Nisley was born in West Donegal township, two and one-half miles east of the village, April 2, T829, a son of Martin and Anna (Bachman) Nisley, of West Donegal township and Lebanon county, respectively. The father died on the old farm in i8si, at the age of thirty-five, and the mother re- mained on the farm until 1880, when she removed to Mavtown, dying ni 1893, aged ninety years. Both parent's were buried in the Bossier Meeting House cemetery, having been consistent members of the Mennonite Church. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Nisley were : Peter, Aima and Christian, all deceased ; Daniel B. ; and Jacob, deceased. To the second marriage of the mother, with Jacob Brandt, were born: Joseph; and Anna, who married John Heisey, of Maytown. The paternal grandfather of Daniel B. Nisley was Martin Nisley, a prominent farmer of Mt. Joy town- ship, and the maternal grandparents were, Peter and Anna (Kreider) Bachman, of Lebanon county. The subject of this biography was reared by his uncle, Jacob Nisley, from the age of six years, and he remained with this kind relative until he was eighteen years old and then went to work for his brother Peter, until he had attained his majority. Following this, he assisted his wife's relatives for a time, and then, on account of the death of his brother Jacob, took charge of the farm, on which he re- mained until retirement in 1889, when he sold it, the estate consisting of 188 acres. The marriage of Mr. Nisley occurred on Oct. 5, 1858, in Lancaster, to Miss Sarah Lindemuth, and the children born of this union are: Emma, who married Albert Risser. a tobacco packer; J. Frank, who conducts a meat business in Maytown, married Amelia Kantz, and has two children, Clyde L., and Alta. Mrs. Nisley was born in East Donegal town- ship, Sept. 9, 1833, a daughter of Jacob W. and Sarah (Brocht) Lindemuth, the former of whom was a farmer until some years before his death, which occurred Nov. 28, 1887, when over ninety- four years of age. The mother passed away April 29, 1885, at the age of seventy-nine, both of them now resting in the Lutheran cemetery in Maytown ; they were devoted members of Zion Children's Church during their long and useful lives. Their children were : Catherine, who married Jacob Bear ; Daniel, deceased ; Elizabeth, deceased : Sarah, Mrs. Nisley ; Jacob, deceased " and John, also deceased. This was nor. a marrying family, only two members of it ever having wedded- The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Nisley were George and Christiann (Wolfe) Lindemuth, and the great-grandfather came from Germany. His name was Ludwig Lindemuth and he purchased land in East Donegal township, between Mt. Joy and Mari- etta, and died in 1777. In politics, Mr. Nisley upholds the tenets of the Republican party. In religious life, Mrs. Nisley is a member of Zion Children's Church, and is a most estimable lady. ;;• MICHAEL W. HURST, M. D., who ranks among the able, prosperous and time-honored physi- cians of Lancaster county, of which he is a native, was born Sept. 27, 1835. David Hurst, his grandfather, was born in Caernarvon township, Lancaster county, 'and became a thrifty farmer of that locality. He was the father of children, as follows : Henry, born in 1791 ; Bar- bara, 1792; Maria, 1793; Joseph, 1795; John, 1797; Amos. 1799; Elizabeth, 1802; and Susan, 1804. John Hurst, father of Dr. Hurst, was born in Caernarvon township, and all his life followed agri- cultural pursuits there. In 1819 he married Kath- erine Witmer, and children as follows were born to them : Daniel, who died in childhood ; Isaac, a prominent farmer of Caernarvon township ; David, a fruit grower in Cornville, Ariz. ; Amos, John and Benjamin, all three deceased ; Samuel A., a farmer 1354 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY in East Hempfield township ; Michael W., the sub- ject of these lines; and Martin, who died in the Civil war in 1864. Dr. Michael W. Hurst was reared on the home farm, and received a liberal education in part at the public schools of the neighborhood of his birth- place, in part at Millersville State Normal. In 1859 he commenced the study of medicine at the Univer- sity of Pennsylvania, graduating from that insti- tution in i86r, and at once commenced the practice of his profession in Talmadge, Lancaster county, where he has since remained, having built up a high- ly lucrative clientele. In 1863 Dr. Hurst was married to Miss Hattie Oberholtzer, of East Earl township, Lancaster coun- ty. Nine children blessed their union, viz : Mar- garet, born in 1864, is the wife of Rev. J. D. Wood- ring, a minister of the Evangelical Church ; Minnie E., born in 1865, is the wife of A. R. Wenger, of Tal- mage, Lancaster county ; Anna V., born in 1867, is the wife of Rev. VV. H. Hartzler, of the Evangelical Church ; John O., born in 1871, resides in Cornville, Ariz. ; Ira W., born in 1872, died in childhood ; Wil- lis W., born in 1875, died in infancy; Hattie, born in 1877 ; Spencer W., born in 1881 ; and Edna P., born in 1883, resides at home. In politics Dr. Hurst is a Republican and for several vears has served as school director. In re- ligious faith he is a consistent member of the Evan- gelical Church, and, socially, is affiliated with the State Medical Society, and the County Medical So- ciety. He has lived an honorable and upright life, a large portion of which has been devoted to the good of others, and he enjoys the respect and esteem of the community at large. DAVID WATTS EMERY POISAL, member of the Lancaster school board from the Fourth ward, has a very interesting personal history. His pa- ternal ancestors were French. Jacob Poisal, his grandfather, was born in Mar- tinsburg, Va., and among his children was the Rev. John Poisal, and another was Michael Poisal, a tailor, who was the father of our subject. Michael Poisal married Elizabeth Watts, daugh- ter of the Rev. James Watts, pastor of the Metho- dist Church at several important points. She was born in Virginia, while her parents were both na- tives of Pennsylvania. To Michael Poisal and wife were born ten children, seven of whom are living, as follows : Nannie W., widow of A. W. Tennant, of Baltimore; Clara 1., widow of G. L. Swartz, of Davis, W. Va. ; Maggie E., the wife of J. W. Ger- man, a druggist of Baltimore ; Fannie S., widow of A. C. Roberts, of Baltimore; John W., a druggist of Baltimore; George S., a clerk in Baltimore; and David Watts Emery, of Lancaster. David Watts Emery Poisal was born in Berke- ley county, Va. (now a part of West Virginia), in 1846, and was educated in private schools until he reached the age of fourteen years, when he became an apprentice at tanning and currying in his native county. He remained at his trade until the breaking out of the Civil war, when he entered the Confeder- ate Army, joining the 2d Va Infantry, serving un- der "Stonewall" Jackson for three years. At Cedar Creek he was wounded in the right arm, near the shoulder, but survived, and when the war ended he settled at Wheeling, W. Va. He worked for the same house for a period of fifteen years. In 1881 he removed to Baltimore for the purpose of engaging in the leather business on his own account, but after three years he came to Lancaster, to take charge of the tannery of A. A. Myers & Co. This was in 1884, and five years later Mr. Myers withdirew from the business, and Morris Zook, who was the "Company" in the firm, assumed the responsibility, afid he has retained Mr. Poisal as- his superintendent up to the present time. On April 26, 1866, Mr. Poisal was married to Miss Christiana, who was bom in Scotland, a daughter of William and EHzabeth' Maurice, her fa- ther having been a well-known mining engineer. This union was blessed with one child, Elizabeth, who died at the age of two years, and whose ashes are interred at Wheeling, W. Va. Mr. Poisal was appointed a member of the Lancaster school board to fill the unexpired term of W. P. Brinton, who had removed from the ward, thus creating a vacancy. Mr. Poisal has since been twice re-elected on the board, where he has served on a number of import- ant committees. Mrs. Poisal has taken an active interest in the affairs of the Lancaster General Hospital as well as in the Y. W. C. A., 3jid also in the St. Paul's Re- formed Church and Sunday-school, of which she and her husband are both members. They are great workers for good purposes, and Mrs. Poisal espec- ially may be said to be always doing good. Mr. Poisal is traveling salesman as well as superintend- ent for Mr. Zook's extensive leather business. Much of his spare time is devoted to the interest of the pub- lic schools. Mr. Poisal is a Democrat, and is an ardent supporter of the party. CLAYTON R. FARMER. Among the pros- perous and successful residents of East Donegal township, is Clayton R. Farmer, a tobacco raiser and agriculturist, who also owns and operates a lime kiln. He was born July 2, 1863, in West Hempfield township, a son of Samuel and Mary (Rinehart) Farmer, the former of whom died in. East Hemp- ield township in Sept., 1863, at the age of forty- seven, the latter surviving until June, 1893, both of them now resting in the cemetery at Marietta. The children of these most worthy people were: Re- becca, who married John Kaine and died in 1878; John, of East Donegal township ; George, of Martic township ; Emma, who married John Christie, of Columbia, Pa. ; Clementine, who is the widow of John Kaine ; Malinda, who died at the age of twenty- four ; Warren, of West Hempfield ;,Mary, who mar- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1855 ried George Strohm, of Marietta ; Samuel, deceased ; and Clayton R. The paternal grandparents of Mr. Farmer, of this sketch, were Jcnn and Nancy (Hinkle) Farmer, the former of whom died in 1892, and the latter in 1837. To this union were born : Samuel, deceased ; Eliza, the widow of J . P. Walter, of Marietta ; Bar- bara, John, Kate, Anna, Margaret and Fanny, all deceased; and Mary A., deceased wife of Joseph Reim. On July 25, 1885, Clayton R. Farmer was mar- ried to Sophia M. Stultz, and one son, Clayton S., has been born of this marriage. Mrs. Farmer was borri in Marietta, Pa., March 24, 1863, a daughter of Christian and Lena Stultz, both of whom were na- tives of Germany, and died in Marietta, within a few weeks of each other, in September, 1870. They were worthy members of the Lutheran Reformed Church and had these children: Fred, deceased; John, de- ceased , Christian and William, who are in the meat business in Marietta; Sophia M. ; Adam, of Jersey City ; and Harry, of Jersey City, both of these being railroad men. Clayton R. Farmer remained on the home place until 1892, engaged in farming for his mother, but since that time he has occupied his present fine farm which he conducts very profitably. Mr. Farmer is well known in that locality and the whole family is one that possesses the esteem of the community, and ranks among the representative citizens. HENRY ROTE. Mr. Rote was born in Lan- caster, March 15,, 1859. He is of German lineage, his grandparents on both the paternal and maternal sides having emigrated from Germany in early life. Henry and Elizabeth Rote, the father's parents, settled in Lancaster, and for several years conducted hotels at that place and in Columbia. The mother died in the latter place, her husband in Lancaster. They brought with them their son Daniel, Henry Rote's father, who was then a mere child. While yet a young man, Daniel entered the service of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company as brakeman, and at the outbreak of the Rebellion, he volunteered as a private in the Lnion army. He lost his life in bat- tle, being then a young man of thirty-five years. He married Catherine Wagner, also a native of Ger- many, who was born in that country on Christmas Day, 1837. She is yet living in Lancaster. Both she and her husband were members of the German Lutheran Church. Her father died in the Father- land, but her mother crossed the ocean and is spend- ing her last vears with her daughter. Henry Rote was his parents' only child. After his father's death, however, his mother married Christ Born, bv whom she became the mother of four children. The eldest, George, is in the employ of the railroad company and lives in Columbia. Charles, the second son, resides in Lancaster with his mother. The two younger children have both died. At the age of sixteen, Henry Rote went to work in the bolt factory in his native town, Lancaster. On attaining his majority he entered the employ of the Pennsylvania road as a brakeman, four years later he was made a flagman, and three years after was given the post of conductor. He belongs to the Order of Railway Conductors, and is a member of the Reformed Church. His political creed is that of the Democratic party. On Sept. 24, 1880, Mr. Rote married Miss Eliza- beth Everhart, of Lancaster, who bore him one daughter and three sons. The two elder, Alice and Harry, live at home ; the younger, Charles and Ray- mond, are deceased; Mrs. Rote was born in Safe Harbor, Pa., Feb.. 18, 1864. Her parents, John and Mary Everhart, were both born in Germany, but are at present living in Lancaster, he being a retired me- chanic. Both he and his wife were born in 1840, and both are members of the German Reformed Church. Mrs. Rote is the sixth of a family of eight children, the others being: Christina, who mar- ried Harry McGlouchlin, of Lancaster; Charles; Reuben : Fanny, wife of a Mr. Clevy, of Lancaster ; Jacob, living in Ohio ; Anna, married to Lewis Parker, of Lancaster; and Mary, who is married and lives in the same city. SOLON Z. LANDIS. Among the prominent, intelligent and substantial farmers of East Donegal township, who now reside in Maytown, since re- tirement from active duties, is Solon Z. Landis, who was born in Washington, Lancaster Co., Pa., Sept. I, 1845, the only child of Michael B. and Barbara (Zeigler) Landis, of Landisville. Michael E. Landis was a man of education, who successfully followed the profession of teaching in Iowa, Pennsylvania, Oregon, and Colorado, and for a number of years was a land agent in Iowa. Mr. Landis possessed many talents, and was also a mer- chant and a surveyor and for eight years was con- nected with the Pension department of the govern- ment, in Washington, D. C. Never robust in health, he lived, however, to be seventy-two years old, com- ing to Lancaster to pass his last days, where he died in 1892. His support was given the Republican party. The death of his wife had occurred in Manor township in 1880, at the age of sixty. The Landis family in Lancaster county, is an old and prominent one, conspicuous in many of its commercial and financial affairs. The grandparents of Solon Z. Landis were John and Mary (Bachman) Landis, of Lancaster county. John Landis was a farmer, who in time became possessed of large means, and laid out the town of Landisville, giving it his name. During life he was instrumental in or- ganizing the Lancaster County Bank, of- which he was president, and the heaviest stockholder. His years extended until he had almost reached eighty, his death occurring in i860, when he was buried in the beautiful cemetery in the town which he had founded. 1356 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY The maternal grandparents of Solon Z. Landis, were Jacob and Barbara (Lindemuth) Zeigler, the former of whom was a prosperous farmer and was a director and heavy stockholder in the Lancaster County National Bank. These families through in- termarriages have become connected with many of the oldest and best families in the State. Solon Z. Landis was reared in his native town and received his primary education in the common schools, supplementing this with some time spent at Duff's Mercantile College in Pittsburg, thus prepar- ing himself for four years as assistant bookkeeper in the office of. the Patriot, of Harrisburg. After retiring from this position, Mr. Landis began to- bacco farming, on a tract of ninety acres, and for several years was engaged in Maytown, in the to- bacco packing business. His present possessions include a farm in East Donegal township. Mr. Landis was married March 17, 1878, in May- town, to Miss Amanda Rombauch, and to this union one daughter was born, Anna Pearl, a young lady who has displayed musical gifts of a high order. Her parents have given her every advantage, and she at- tended for five years the Broad street Conservatory of Music, in Philadelphia, from which she grad- uated. Mrs. Landis was born in Maytown in May, 1840, a daughter of John and Mary Rombauch. Mr. Landis as a prominent Republican, has held many of the local offices, and is a valued member of the Masonic order, being a Knight Templar, of Columbia Lodge. AMOS B. MILLER, M. D. , As a specialist in diseases of the skin and. blood, Dr. Amos B. Miller has a deservedly large following in Lancaster, and it is doubtful if any in the town have given to these special human ailments more profound and exhaus- tive research. A native son of Pennsylvania, Dr. Miller was born in East Hempfield township, Lan- caster county, Sept. 24, 1844, a son of Dr. John L. and Barbara (Baer) Miller, also natives of Lancas- ter county. Dr. John L. Miller was a practicing physician for twenty years, and was also a farmer. During 1856-57 he conducted a mercantile business in Roh- rerstown, Pa., and then returned the the seclusion of his well-tilled acres. In 1867 he went into a general merchandise business with Jacob Harnish, in Lan- caster, and at the end of eight years dissolved part- nership, and started another business of the same kind with John L. Baer as partner. At the end of three years John P. Swarr was admitted as a partner and Mr. Miller eventually stepped out of the busi- ness, and became manager of the Lancaster Mutual Fire Insurance Company until his death, in March, 1899, at an advanced age. He was buried in Millersville Mennonite cemetery; he was the orig- inator of the church of that denomination in Lancas- ter. His widow, who lives at No. 147 West King street, is the mother of four children, of whom Amos B. is the oldest; Lizzie married Benjamin Suavely, a bookkeeper in Lancaster ; Fannie is unmarried and living at home; and Anna is the widow of Joseph Dikler, of Lancaster. Until twenty-three years old Dr. Amos B. Miller lived on the paternal farm, and in 1867 began read- ing medicine with his father. When the elder Miller retired from practice his son assumed charge of the same, and in 1870 located in Lancaster, where he has specialized, as before stated. He has never at- tended a medical college, but has followed along the lines laid down by his sire, who also experienced success in the treatment of cancers, tumors, scrofula, and kindred blood disorders. Amos B. Miller was licensed to practice Nov. 25, i88r. He is a Repub- lican in politics, and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He married in 1857, Fan- nie Baer, born in East Hempfield township in 1847, a daughter of Jacob B. and Fannie (Bar dell) Baer, of Lancaster county. Mr. Baer was a farmer and distiller of some prominence, and died in 1882, at the age of seventy-four. Dr. Miller is popular and enterprising, and has more than a local reputation as a skilled speciaHst. JACOB KEPLINGER MANN, with the Frei- hofer Vienna Baking Company, 24th and Master streets, Philadelphia, belongs to one of the oldest families in Lancaster county, people who have been prominent in Manor township for generations. His grandfather was a farmer in Manor township, and in later years a hotel keeper, making the name of John Mann universally respected by his honest and up- right life on the Marietta turnpike. Jacob S. Mann, the father of Jacob K., was a farmer in the same township, but purchased prop- erty in Manheim township thirty years ago, and is living there at the present time. He married Mar- garet Keplinger, daughter of a farmer at Chestnut Hill, and to them were born six children, four of whom are living: Jacob K.. and Henry, both of Lancaster : David and Elizabeth, at home. Jacob Keplinger Mann was educated in the pub- lic school near Petersburg, which he left when he was seventeen years old. Coming to Lancaster to make his way in the world, he found employment in the grocery store of D. S- Bursk, a position which he held for six years. His next move was to Philadel- phia, where he became advertising inspector for the Sunlight Soap Company, discharging the duties of that responsible position until Christmas, 1899, when he returned to Lancaster. After being with the firm of Reese and Poutz, Leacock, Pa., for a short time, Mr. Mann was connected with the establish- ment of W. D. Sprecher, Son & Company, and while there became agent for the celebrated Freihofer bread and cakes. This business grew rapidly, keep- ing a delivery wagon constantly busy in supplying the patrons, and its quick development induced'Mr. Mann to give up his position and go into business for himself. The Freihofer goods for which he has been sole agent since Aug. i, 1900, had grown to be a BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1857 wonderful success in Lancaster and Mr. Mann re- ceived on an average of 1,000 loaves a day. Business was built up so swiftly that he was given a position by the company that took him from one city to an- other. At York City, Pa., his success was equal to that at Lancaster, and at Philadelphia the demand for the goods became so great that at last all outside business was cut off. Mr. Mann is now city solicitor and general all-around man for what he considers one of the finest firms in America. When Mr. Mann returned to Lancaster, after entering the employ of the Freihofer Vienna Baking Company, he was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth Reese, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Eber O. Reese, the former one of Strasburg's most respected and prominent farmers. Mr. Mann is not yet thirty years old, having been born July 2, 1873, but young as he is, he has shown an enterprise and pluck, combined with good judg- ment, that make the promise of the future bright. PETER WEHNER. The great railroad sys- tem of Pennsylvania requires brain and brawn, skill and reliability in every department, to ensure the safety of life and property and the efficiency of the service. A very responsible class are the conductors, and Columbia is the home of many who have won their way to promotion through faithful work, and one of these is Peter Wehner. Conductor Peter Wehner is a native of Columbia, where he was born Feb. 25, 1857, a son of Adam Wehner, a native of Germany. Adam Wehner came to America in 1830 and first settled in Baltimore, Md., where he was engaged in work for a long time on the canal between Baltimore and Pittsburg, and during this time he made three trips over the Alle- ghany mountains. Wages were small at that time, and during the money panic he worked for twenty- five cents a day. In 1853 he came to Columbia, hav- ing been in Cincinnati for six months, and soon after locating in the former city, he found employment with T- G. Hess and remained with him in his coal business, for many years, the latter part of the time being foreman. He died in 1872, at the age of sixty. Socially he was connected with the Knights of Py- thias. The death of his widow occurred in 1882 at the age of sixty- four : both had been members of the Catholic Church. The children of Adam Wehner were: Henry, an employe in the Lancaster rolling mill; John, a brakeman on the Pennsylvania lines ; Christiann, who married John Wonder, a shoe manufacturer, of Co- lumbia ; Peter : Mary, who is the widow of Frederick Wendler, of Columbia ; and Rose, deceased. Adam Wehner was a devout member of his church and was one of the chief movers in the establishment of the Catholic Church in Columbia, and his services for the church are remembered by a beautiful memorial window. The educational advantages of Mr. Wehner were limited as he was obliged to go to work at the age ' of fourteen. He earned his first wages in setting up the pins in a bowling alley, where he remained six months ; he finished out the year in the Susquehan- na Iron Works, later finding better paying work in Bonner's coal yard, where he remained for seven years. An opportunity presenting itself, he entered into the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad as brakeman, pursuing the difficult duties of this posi- tion for five years and then was promoted to be flag- man, and in 1890 was made a conductor. So many years of continuous service have made him very valu- able and he enjoys the confidence and esteem of his- superior officers. Mr. Wehner was married Jan. 3, 1886, in Phila- delphia, to Miss Elizabeth M. Glosser, who was born in Columbia, a daughter of Andrew Glosser. In his political sympathies, Mr. Wehner is a Democrat and is fraternally connected with the O. of R. C, and the B. of R. T., in both of which organ- izations he is well known and much esteemed. As a citizen, he is respected and is known for his chari- ties, his generous impulses leading him into much benevolence. DAVID B. LANDIS, the lamented father of Clayton G., who is at the head of the real estate busi- ness at No. 32 East Orange street, Lancaster, and who is well and popularly known in the business, political and social circles of that city, was a son of Benjamin Landis, who was born in East Lampeter township, this county, engaged in farming, and be- came quite-Well-to-do, owning five farms which he operated until he retired from the active cares of life. He died about 1873, aged seventy-one years. He was active in the public life of the community, serving as school director and township supervisor, and was a leading Republican of his district. Mr. Landis married Miss Mary, daughter of David Buck- waiter, of East Lampeter township, and they had seven children. Mrs. Landis's ' father was born in the same township, and was of German descent. He was a Mennonite, and one of his sons was a minister of that denomination. Mr. Buckwalter was a pros- perous farmer, and owned a large estate. His wife died in 1886, and he died at the age of eighty-eight years. David B. Landis was born Jan. 13, 1830, in Upper Leacock township, this county, and lived on his father's farm until, when he was twenty-seven years of age, the property, comprising 117 acres, came into his possession, and from 1857 to 1867 he operated it. In .1867 he bought a mill on Mill creek, three miles from Lancaster, which had a capacity of fifty barrels of flour per day, and which he ran for six years. He then sold out and engaged in the brewing business at Lititz, for the next twelve years. His home, during this period was near Lancaster, where he owned a farm of twenty-four acres. About this time he bought the old Landis Mill, on Mill creek, and also another mill property, still further up the river, running both mills for three years, at 1358 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the end of which time he sold the upper one. In 1878 he purchased a warehouse on Lemon and Water streets, Lancaster, and embarked in the grain busi- ness. In 1889 Mr. Landis assisted in organizing the Conestoga National Bank, was elected president at the start, and continued to the day of his tragic death. This institution was incorporated with a capital of $125,000 and in July, 1891, the stock was increased to $200,000. At that time the bank was removed to the present building, at the comer of King and Queen streets. Mr. Landis was also for eight years a director in the Farmers' Bank. In 1857 David B. Landis married Miss Martha Groff, who was born in the same township as him- self, daughter of Daniel Groff, an old settler and miller of the locality. Mr. and Mrs. Landis had only one child, Clayton G., who was in partnership with his father in the grain business for many years. David B. Landis was a loyal Republican. He served as school director of East Lampeter township for three years, was^ twice elected director of the poor, and was president of the board for one term. He was for ten years a director of the Inquirer Pub- lishing Company, now known as the Wickersham Publishing Company. He was also a member of the First Presbyterian Church, and was one of the trustees, being chairman of the board and on the building committee. No tragedy in a century has so moved the peo- ple of Lancaster as the murder of David B. Landis by Ralph Wireback; the deed was committed at high noon, April 7, 1898, when Mr. Landis was try- ing to do his slayer a friendly act ; and although the criminal was ably defended he suffered the death penalty, this having been the first and only execution in Lancaster for half a century. Mrs. Landis sur- vived her husband but a few years, and died Jan. 17, 1902. CLAYTON G. LANDIS, the only son of David B. and his wife, was born April 24, 1862, and re- ceived his education in the public schools. At the age of twenty years he became associated in busi- ness with his father, and so continued until the lat- ter's death, when he gave up the grain business, and entered the real estate and insurance world, meeting with unqualified success. He is a member of the Lancaster Board of Trade. In September, 1892, was organized the Lancaster Real Estate Company, of which Mr. Landis is president. He is regarded as an excellent judge of real estate values. With all his other interests Mr. Landis is a lover of good horseflesh, dealing extensively in thoroughbreds. Besides his fine stable at home, he has one in New York city at No. 112 West 54th street, under the name of the Union Coach Horse Co., where he handles only strictly high class horses. On Dec. 30, 1896, Clayton G. Landis was united in marriage with Mary E. Doerr, and they have two children, David B. and John B. Politically Mr. Landis is a Republican, and belongs to the Repub- lican clubs, and fraternally he belongs to the Masons and the Elks. ANDREW H. GOCHNAUER owns and con- ducts one of the finest farms in Warwick township, located near Lititz, and he is looked upon as one of the most progressive and industrious residents of that region. Mr. Gochnauer's ancestors have been engaged in farming in Lancaster county for several generations. His grandfather, John Gochnauer, was born near Landisville, where he lived and died. He was a farmer and distiller, and followed those occupations all his life. He married Miss Miller, and they were the parents of two children : Henry, the father of our subject ; and John, a retired farmer of Landisville. Henry Gochnauer was born in East Hempfield township in 1832, and lived at home until he was twenty-seven years of age. For the next four years he carried on a hotel in Manheim, and then began farming in East Hempfield, which he continued un- til his death on Jan. 2, 1894. He married Miss An- nie Kauffman, and_ to their union were born nine children, one of whom died in infancy; John and Henry are engaged in farming on the home place; Fannie and Mary are also at home; Andrew H. is our subject ; Emanuel is at home ; David is at home ; and Amos lives with our subject. Andrew H. Gochnauer was bom in East Hemp- field township, Feb. 7, 1866, and received a good common-school education. He lived at home until he was twenty-seven years of age, when he began life for himself, farming, on the farm where he now resides. Mr. Gochnauer married Miss Esther Herr, daughter of John and Elvina Herr, of Millersville, and to this union has come one child, Annie, bom April 15, 1898. In politics our subject is a stanch Republican, and a very ardent worker for the success of his pg.rty. JAMES B. HENDERSON, one of the most substantial and highly esteemed citizens of May- town, Pa., who for many years was prominently identified with the Internal Revenue service, lives a somewhat retired life, after much activity in former years. James B. Henderson was bom in Maytown, Dec. 20, 1 84 1, and comes of old Lancaster county stock, being the son of David and Anna (Shaffer) Hen- derson, who had long been residents of the county, through which Mr. Henders'on was known as a successful farmer and distiller. David Henderson was bom in 1794 and died in 1859, the mother sur- viving until t86i, both of them now resting in the old Reformed Church cemetery, in which Church they were known as good and most estimable peo- ple. Their children were : George, deceased ; David S., a retired farmer of Alexandria, Pa. ; Anna, who BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1359 died young ; John, deceased ; Jacob, a bricklayer of Maytown; Caroline, who died young; James B. ; and Benjamin, a contractor and builder in Harris- burg. Very early in life James B. Henderson began his business career. His tastes did not incline him to- ward farm life, and after leaving school, as early as thirteen years he began to learn the carpenter trade. Four years later he entered the employ of a large lumber firm in Marietta as shipping clerk, continu- ing there for nine months, when he became a fireman on the Pennsylvania Railroad, working so faithfully and well, that in 1862, he was promoted to the posi- tion of engineer. His career in this direction was cut off, in a few months, as he was drafted into the army for service in the Civil war, and he remained in the ranks until the close of the struggle. Recognizing the ability of Mr. Henderson, the government soon after the war, made him Revenue Inspector of the Ninth and Fourteenth Districts, and he efficiently performed the onerous duties of this position for the succeeding four years, at the close of which period he was made special agent of the Internal Revenue service, his official duties con- tinuing for nine years and only ending with the aboli- tion of the office. From 1881 to 1885 he was asso- ciated with his son, in the tobacco packing business. In January, 1857, James B. Henderson was mar- ried, in Elizabethtown, to Miss Rebecca Zearing, and •to this union were born : John D., a manufacturer of cigars and a tobacco packer, of Maytown, who married Miss Sarah Honseal; and James A., a trained nurse and a druggist, now connected with the Medico-Chirurgical Hospital, in Philadelphia. Mrs. Henderson was born in Cumberland county, and died Aug. 8, 1899, a daughter ®f John H. and Sarah (Croll) Zearmg, the family having come to Maytown in 1850 and some years later moved to Middletown, where Mr. Zearing engaged in a mer- cantile business. In politics, Mr. Henderson has ai- rways been an ardent and active Republican, and has been of much service to the party. His position be- fore his fellow-citizens is a representative one, and no one more entirely possesses their respect and es- teem. JAMES SCOTT DICKEY, whose leaf tobacco warehouse and fertilizer manufactory is at Nos. 630 and 632 North Prince street, and whose residence is at No. 125 North Pine street, Lancaster, is de- scended from a Scotch-Irish ancestry, whose history in Pennsylvania dates back to 1710. Hbn. Jesse C. Dickey, his grandfather, was a member of the State Legislature, and a member of Congress from Chester and Delaware counties. He was the first man to make a speech in Congress for the admission of California to the Union, and was the first man to make a speech in the halls of legis- lation for the abolition of slavery. At one time he was a paymaster in the United States Army. David Dickev, father of James Scott Dickey, who is engaged in the paint business in Philadelphia, was married to Miss Scott, the daughter of James Scott, at that time the leading cattle dealer of Chester coun- ty. From this union were born five children, two of whom died in infancy. The others are: Elizabeth W., wife of Walter T. Lees, commission merchant of Philadelphia; Margaret, wife of Judson L. Snod- grass, a prominent undertaker of Philadelphia; and James Scott, of Lancaster. James Scott Dickey, the Lancaster leaf tobacco dealer and fertilizer manufacturer, was born at Lewisville, Chester county, July 16, 1864, and was educated in the Westchester State Normal School, leaving that institution to read medicine, pursuing his medical studies for two years in Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, finishing at the Cincinnati Medical College, from which he was graduated in 1883. After practicing his profession for a year and a half in Philadelphia, he gave it up, on account of a growing dislike for it, turning his attention to business, and becoming connected with the S. E. M. Rice Varnish Company, of Newark, N. J., travel- over the greater part of the United States in their interest. At the death of S. E. M. Rice, Mr. Dickey became the junior partner of the concern, and con- tinued with it for eleven years. At the end of this time he came to Lancaster and engaged in the leaf tobacco business. In November, 1900, Mr. Dickey established a plant for the manufacture of a fertil- izer from the stems of the tobacco, contracting for all the stems which the dealers in Harrisburg, Pitts- burg, Lancaster, Philadelphia and New York can furnish him for a term of years. By the aid of powerful machinery, and proper treatment, he pro- duces from the waste of tobacco houses a fertilizer, shown to contain from three to five per cent, of ammonia, from eight to eleven per cent, of pot- ash, and an appreciable amount of phosphoric acid. It bids fair to revolutionize the business of insecti-» •cides and phosphates ; and from the fact that a lead- ing phosphate, company had ordered one hundred tons of it, it is evident Mr. Dickey knew what he was about when he launched this enterprise. Mr. Dickey was mai-ried to Miss Martha A. Over- ly, a daughter -of the late William Overly, of Lan- caster. JOSEPH K. HEISEY (deceased) was bom near the Graybill Mill in East Donegal township, August 22, 1822, and died in the present home of the family, July 16, 1891. His remains were in- terred in the cemetery connected with Reich's Meet- ing House in East Donegal. Joseph and Elizabeth (Kaufifman) Heisey, his parents, were farming people in Lancaster county, and were members of the River Brethren Church. They had the follow- ing children : Elizabeth ; Christian ; Catherine, wife of John Risser ; Martha, the wife of Frederick Peck ; Anna ; Joseph K. and Mary. All the members of this family are now deceased. The paternal grand- parents of J. K. Heisey were Daniel and Elizabeth 1360 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Heisey. Daniel Heisey died in 1822, at the age of seventy-five years, and his wife March 8, 181 5, at the age of sixty-four years. They were buried on Clement Brubaker's farm in East Donegal township, Lancaster county. Joseph K. Heisey and Susanna K. Wissler were married in York county. Pa., Sept. 11, 1856. The only child born to diis union was John W. Susanna (Wissler) Heisey, who was born in Manor town- ship, died Dec. 4, 1865, aged thirty-five years, and was buried in Reich's cemetery in East Donegal township. Jacob and Elizabeth (Kauffman) Wiss- ler, her parents, were natives of Lancaster county, and both died on the old homestead in Manor town- ship. They had the following children: Susanna; Martha, who married O. Strickler, of Manor town- ship ; Barbara, married to Reuben Strickler, of Ma- nor township; Elizabeth, who died unmarried at the age of foity-five years ; and Martin, who died in the West at the age of eighteen years. Joseph K. Heisey and Sarah S. Heisey were married Dec. 4, 1867. Mrs. Sarah S. Heisey was born in Mt. Joy township, the daughter of Daniel and Catherine (Seifert j Heisey, of Mt. Joy township and Middletown, respectively. Her father died in 1879, at the age of seventy- three, and her mother in 1880, at the age of seventy-one. Born to this union : Fanny, who died at the age of twenty-one ; Henry, a farmer in Cumberland county; Christ, a retired farmer in Florin ; Daniel, a farmer in East Donegal township ; Sarah S. ; Mary, of Mt. Joy ; Levi, a farmer and carpenter in Cumberland county ; Lydia, unmarried in Harrisburg; Christiana, who died yoiuig; and Abraham and Joseph, both deceased. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Heisey were Daniel and Susie (Barrick) Heisey, of Lancaster county. Joseph K. Heisev was a farmer until 1875, when he came to Florin, and from that time until his death he lived a retired life in that pleasant little borough. Both his wife and himself were members of the River Brethren Church, and were counted among the best people of the city. BENJAMIN S. RUPP. Among the well- known farmers of West Earl township no one pos- sesses the esteem of the community in a higher degree than Benjamin S. Rupp, who owns and op- erates a farm located about one mile south of Tal- mage. Benjamin Rupp was born Aug. 13, 1864, a son of Joi^ri and Harriet (Sheaffer) Rupp, of West Earl township, who were of German ancestry. The family of Rupp has been established in Lan- caster county for many years. Grandfather Abraham Rupp was born here and reared a family of six children : Abraham ; Martin ; Lemon ; John ; Lizzie, who married John Wolf; and Annie, who married one of the Royers. John Rupp, the father of Benjamin S., married Harriet Sheaffer, in 1863, and these children were born of this union: Benjamin S. ; Clayton, born in 1865, married Emma Burkholder, and resides on a farm in West Earl township; and Isaac, born in 1867, married Ada Kline, and resides in East Co- calico township. The death of the father of these children was at the early age of twenty-five, in 1868, and in 1883, his widow married Joseph Rupp. Reared on a farm, Mr. Rupp has continued to follow an agricultural life and has met with great success. His education was acquired in the public schools of West Earl, and ever since entering into business for himself, he has been one of the industri- ous and self-respecting farmers of this locality, al- ways interested in anything which has promised to be of benefit to him, in the management of his land, or to the community in which he lives. His well-cul- tivated and improved farm of forty-seven acres tes- tifies to his success as a farmer, and the confidence of his neighbors in his ability and uprightness has been shown by his election to the office of assessor for several consecutive terms. On Feb. 25, 1885, Mr. Rupp was married to Miss Ella Fink, who was born Oct. 8, 1866, a daughter of Samuel and Caroline (Carpenter) Fink, of Upper Leacock township, and to this union have been born : Russell, born Aug. 10, 1886, died Sept. 6, 1886; Roscoe H., born May 22, 1888; Winnie born June 7, 1890, died Aug. 24, 1890; Jessie, born Oct. 30, 1891, died Feb. 27, 1893: Gertrude, born June 4, 1894; Ruth, born April 7, 1896; Lemon, born May 31, 1897; Sidney, bom April 9, 1899, died May 20, 1899 ; Marion Hazel, born May 18, 1900. Benjamin S. Rupp is highly regarded through the township and well represents its best element. His political sympathies are with the Republican party, and, although he has never formally con- nected himself with any religious denomination, his life is a moral one, and he is known as a kind hus- band and father, and as a charitable and generous member of the community. CHARLES F. NEWELL, paper hanger .and decorator, whose place of business is at No. 22 East Orange street, has been in that location about four years, where he has established a large and lucra- tive trade. Mr. Newell was born Aug. 18, 1856, in West Philadelphia, his father and grandfather both being natives of the same place. Samuel Newell, the father of Charles F., was an auger manufacturer, and was the proprietor of an extensive shop which he managed for forty-five- years. He married Mary Jenkins, who belonged to an old Philadelphia family^ of Scotch and Irish de- scent, and became the mother of six children, four of whom are living. James Newell, a brother of Charles Fremont, was a veteran of the Civil war,, and died while a member of the Pennsylvania Leg- islature in 1878, (having been a member of that body for ten years) at the age of forty-four years. Charles F. Newell was educated in the public schools of West Philadelphia, and at the age of seventeen years he became an apprentice at paper BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1361 hanging and decorating, serving four years at the trade. For several years he was on the road, work- ing at his trade in various points in Ohio and Penn- sylvania, and in 1883 arrived at Lancaster. For four years he was in the employ of a prominent house in this city, and then began in business on his own account, securing contracts for some of the finest buildings in Lancaster. His decorations are exquisite and he enjoys the reputation of originality in his designs and artistic excellence in his execu- tion. For some time past Mr. Newell has been as- sociated with Mr. Shelito in the carpet cleaning busi- ness, the firm being Shelito & Newell. They have a new process for cleaning carpets, and the business has so greatly increased on their hands that they have been compelled to secure more commodious quarters. Li the paper hanging and decorating, however, Mr. Newell is alone, and the demands of that line keep him busy the year through, so that Mr. Shelito is the active man in the carpet cleaning trade. Mr. Newell was married at Philadelphia, in 1880, to Miss Mary, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Matthew Jackson. They spend their summers in a cottage on the Pequea, where they entertain friends from Philadelphia and elsewhere. Mr. Newell is a member of the Knights of the Golden Eagle, and the Order of Elks. Personally popular and always attentive to his patrons, Mr. Newell has fairly won a place among the business men of Lancaster. ISAAC N. FORREY. Prominent among the number of large and substantial agriculturists of the liourishirig township of East Donegal, is Isaac N. Forrey, the owner and operator of a well culti- vated and valuable estate, consisting of 126 acres, located in a very desirable part of the county. Isaac N. Forrey was born in Rapho township, March 26, 1871, a son of John K. and Mary (New- comer) Forrey, of Manor and Rapho townships, respectively. John K. Forrey, since 1892 has been a retired farmer of Rapho, having been prominently identified with many of the financial institutions of the countv, for many vears being a director of the First National Bank of Columbia. His birth was in 18 r7, and that of his estimable wife in 1824, both of tliem being consistent members of the Mennonite Church. The children born to John K. Forrey and wife were: Christ N., who is now supervisor of East Donegal township and a prosperous farnier; Daniel N., a farmer of Rapho township ; Catherme, who married • Ezra Hostetter, a farmer of West Hempfield; Elizabeth, who married Jacob Snyder, a farmer of East Donegal ; Amos, the farmer on the old homestead ; Mary, married to Eh Garber, who conducts a creamery business at Lititz ; Emma, mar- ried John Minnich, a farnaer of West Hempfield; Isaac N. ; Henry, in the creamery busmess in York Pa. ; and Anna, who married Henry Buckwalder, of Lititz. ,,■■.■ u Mr. Forrey, the subject of this biography, was 86 reared on the farm in Rapho township and received his education in the common schools of his district, choosing an agricultural life. When he had reached man's estate, he located upon his present farm and has continued to reside here since, becoming one of the most progressive young farmers of the locality, his fine surroundings and well cultivated lands tes- tifj'ing to his ability. On Oct. 16, . 1884, Isaac N. Forrey was married to Miss Martha Engle and to this union have been born three interesting children: Elva E., Engle E, and Earl E. Mrs. Forrey was bom in Conoy town- ship, Feb. 14, 1869, a daughter of Cyrus and Susan (tfoffman) Engle, and granddaughter of John and Martha (Lindemuth) Engle, of Conoy township, and of Michael and Anna (Hershev) Hoffman, oi Lancaster county. Mr. and Mrs. Cyrus Engle are residents of Lobata, Conoy township, the father having been born in 1835, and the mother, in 1840, and both are members of the religious denomination of River Brethren. Their children were: Elmer, a farmer of East Donegal ; Martha, who is Mrs. For- rey ; Ezra, a farmer of Conoy township ; Anna, mar- ried to John Baker, a teacher of Dauphin county; Elizabeth, married to Christ Foltz, a merchant of Dauphin county ; Cuba ; and Susan. Isaac N. Forrey, like his father, is an ardent Republican, and he takes a great interest in the pub- lic aflairs of the country. His standing in the com- munity is of the hignest, and he is justly regarded as one of the representative citizens of East Done- gaj township. CYRUS OLDWEILER, a general farmer and carpenter of Conov township, where his industrious life and unswerving integrity have made a deep im- pression on tlie community, was born in West Done- gal township Aug. 27, 1840, a son of Philip and Susan (Barnhard) Oldweiler, both born in Lancas- ter county, where they lived and died. Philip Old- weiler, who was a farmer until the last fifteen years of his life, died at the age of sixty-nine years, his widow surviving until March i, 1887, reaching the age of seventy years. They were buried at Good's Cemetery in West Donegal, and at Mt. Tunnel Ceme- tery, in Elizabethtown, respectively. To them were born the following children : Cyrus ; Jacob, a re- tired farmer in West Donegal township ; Fred, who died at the age of sixty years ; and Kate, widow of Joseph Kener. After the death of Mr. Oldweiler, his widow became the wife of Daniel Ebersole, to whom she bore the following children : Anna, the wife of Ben Capp, of West Donegal township; Fanny, deceased wife of John Schrader; and Kate, wife of David Hawk, of West Donegal township. On Aug. 27, 1867, in Elizabethtown, Cyrus Old- weiler was married to Mary Ebersole, and to their union were born the following children: Amanda, who is now the wife of Isaac Engle; Isaiah, who married Fanny Landis, and is a farmer in Conoy township; Oliver, who died at the age of twenty- 1362 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY three; and Albert, Clayton, William and Harry, all unmarried and at home. Mrs. Mary (Ebersole) Oldweiler was born in Conoy township, in February, 1846, and died March 10, 1901, her remains being interred in the cemetery connected with the Good's Meeting House in West Donegal township. She was a daughter of Peter R. and Susan (Kindig) Ebersole, both natives of Lancaster and her womanly nature, kind heart and generous disposition, together with her unwearied devotion to her husband and children, can never be forgotten. Peter R. Ebersole died Jan. 23, 1899, at the age of seventy-seven years and his wife in June, 1900. at the age of seventy-three. They were both members of the Mennonite Church, in which her father had been a preacher for the thirty-five years preceding his death. They had the following children : Mary, who became Mrs. Oldweiler ; Fan- ny, who died yoimg; Martin, deceased; Miss Sue, who lives in Elizabethtown ; Peter, a farmer in Co- noy township : Ann, wife of Jesse Asper, now tax collector in Elizabethtown; John, a farmer in Mt. Joy township ; Lizzie, deceased wife of Christ Ober- holtzer ; and Amanda, who married Frank Landis, a fanner in West Donegal township. Mrs. Oldweil- er's paternal grandfather was Peter Ebersole, a cler- gyman and a bishop in the Mennonite Church, and a life-long resident of Lancaster county. Cyrus Oldweiler remained with his mother un- til 1 86 1, when he started west to make a home in the famous Wabash valley in Indiana, and reached Covington, that State, where he enlisted Aug. 11, 1862, in Co. H, 63d Ind V. I., and served until the close of the war, receiving his discharge July 3, 1865, at Indianapolis. Mr. Oldweiler was a brave and faithful soldier, and participated in many bat- tles, among them being the bloody struggles at Re- saca, Kenesaw Mountains Franklin and at Nashville, and he escaped without a wound. Mr. Oldweiler spent some months after his dis- charge at Covington, Ind., and then returned to Lancaster to take up the carpenter trade. He continued to work at his trade in connection with farming until 1884, when he came to his present farm. Previous to that year his home had been in West Donegal township. Mr. Oldweiler is a Dem- ocrat, and belongs to the Mennonite Church. An industrious and upright man, he commands the con- fidence of the conmiunity, and is highly esteemed not only for his many good qualities and his habits of thrift and industry, but for his general knowledge and wide range of information. SAMUEL E. EBERSOLE, a general farmer in Conoy township, was born in Mt. Joy township, Lancaster county, near the village of thai; name, Jan. 12, 1847, a son of Rev. Daniel and Elizabeth (Ebersole) Ebersole, natives of Conoy and West Donegal townships, respectively. Rev. Daniel Ebersole, who died in Conoy town- ship, in May, 1871, at the age of fifty-three years. was buried in a private burying ground on the fam- ily homestead. He was a Mennonite preacher, and exercised a great influence for good in the commun- ity. In his farming operations he was quite suc- cessful, and at different times in his life owned sev- eral farms. His widow, Elizabeth Ebersole, was born in 1827, and now has her home in South Ann- ville, Lebanon county. Their children were as fol- lows : Anna died young. ; Samuel E. ; Amos, who died at the age of twenty-four, married Eliza Ris- ser; Barbara, Fanny, Daniel and Benjamin all died young; Abraham, of Lebanon county, with whom his mother now has her home, has been twice mar- ried, first to Anna M. Gish, and then to Sarah Wes- tenberger; and Jacob, a farmer in Lebanon county, married Catherine Gingerick. Samuel E. Ebersole is in the sixth generation from John Jacob Ebersole, who came to Lancaster county from Switzerland, 1753, crossing the ocean with the progenitor of the Engle family, of Lancas- ter county. Jacob Ebersole and his wife, the paternal grand- parents of Samuel E., spent their lives in Conoy township, and were buried on their old farm which is now the property of Mrs. Collins, of Marietta. Samuel and Sarah (Shank) Ebersole, the maternal grandparents of Samuel E., were born in Conoy township, where they spent their lives on a farm now belonging to our subject, and where their remains were interred in a private burying ground long used by the family. In October, 1873, in Elizabethtown, Samuel E. Ebersole married Mary Sandoe, and to their union were born: Ida S., deceased; Albert, a school teacher ; Alice, twin to Albert, now the wife of Si- mon Landis, a teacher of West Donegal township; Raymond S., a teacher at home, and a chicken fan- cier, being engaged extensively in the incubation of chickens for the market ; and Grace S., at home. Mrs. Mary (Sandoe) Ebersole was born in East Donegal township, Oct. 23, 1849, a daughter of Henry and Elizabeth (Stibgeon) Sandoe, natives of Marietta and West Hempfield township, respect- ively. Henry Sandoe died in East Donegal town- ship, in 1867. at the age of fifty years. He was a machinist and a manufacturer of implements for many vears. but in his later years he retired from the factorv, and bought a farm, on which, as his health was poor, the most of the work was done by hired help. IVErs. Elizabeth S. Sandoe died in Elizabeth- town m 1890, at the age of seventy years, and was- buried m the Reich's Church burying ground. She was a member of Zion's Children Church. Mr. and Mrs. Sandoe were the parents of the following children: Sarah S., wife of Joseph Heisey, a re- tired farmer in Elizabethtown; Elizabeth, deceased wife of Adam Longenecker ; Anna S., deceased, who married Daniel Fishburn ; Mary ; Fanny, who mar- ried Albert Leicht, a coach maker of Elizabethtown ; and Abraham S., twin to Fanny, and now deceased. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Ebersole was BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1363 Abraham Sandoe and her maternal grandparents -were Abraham and Fanny Stibgeon, all natives of Lancaster county. Samuel E. Ebersole remained with his parents until he reached the age of twenty-seven yeafs, when he married and came to his present place. It is a choice farm consisting of ninety-one acres, now in a high state of cultivation under his close and indus- trious care. Mr. and Mrs. Ebersole are members of the A'lennonite and Zion's Children Churches, respectively, and are people of the highest standing in the community. Mr. Ebersole is a Republican, and for fifteen con- secutive vears has filled the position of school direc- tor. He is a clever and kindly-hearted man, genial and honest, and well deserves the very substantial measure of success he has achieved. OSCAR HOHEIN. The greensward of Green- wood cemetery covers all that is mortal of Oscar Hohein, a gentleman who for many years was one •of the leading citizens of Lancaster, and whose death on March 13, iqoi, was regarded as a dis- tinct public calamity. He had been connected with the business interests of the city for five decades, and his name during that period in business circles ■was synonymous with integrity and fair dealing. His merchant tailoring establishment was conduct- ed on a high plane,' a reputation fully sustained by his son since the father's retirement from active business. Oscar Hohein was a native of the Fatherland, where he was born in 1829, son of Frederick Ho- hein, a manufacturer and dealer in pottery. Other members of the family were Clark, now a carriage manufacturer of Mendota, 111.; and Mena, who married a Mr. Beerwad and died in America. Os- car Hohein was reared in Germany, where he was given the advantages of middle-class Old Country life, his education having been along practical lines. He was apprenticed to the tailor's trade, it being the custom for young German youths to become ac- quainted with one of the trades, whether they fol- lowed it or not. At twenty years of age he resolved to try his fortune in the new world and on July 4, 1849, he landed in New York. From thence he traveled to P'hiladelphia, and after a short sojourn in that citv, came to Lancaster. During his resi- dence in the Quaker City Mr. Hohein had met and hecome enamoured of the lady who now survives him. Miss Elizabeth Louser, the marriage occur- ring in December, 1851. To this marriage were born : Louis, now an invalid, at home ; Frederick,- a tailor at Lancaster; Benjamin, who died in the West • Marv, deceased ; Emanuel, deceased ; Frank, of Norfolk,' Va. ; George, of Norfolk, Va. ; and Hi- ram, of Lancaster. The mother of this family was born at Jonestown, Lebanon Co., Pa., Feb. 5, 1833 daughter of John and Katherine Louser. Their family consisted of Elizabeth; Andrew, de- ceased ; Solomon, deceased ; John, deceased ; George, of Fredericksburg, Pa., a retired tanner ; Henry, de- ceased; Kate, of Lebanon, Pa., married Cyrus Car- many; Mary, deceased; Amanda, who is now the wife of John Feldy, of South Bend, Ind. ; and Sarah, deceased. After his marriage Oscar Hohein came to Lan- caster, where he began a merchant tailoring busi- ness, first on a modest scale, and as good manage- ment and close attention to business prospered him, on an increasingly larger scale, until he was one of the leading tailors of the city. He was also suc- cessful in other business investments, so that when he died he was able to leave a competence to his •family. For several years before his death he had retired from active labor, and ended his days in com- parative luxury. Mr. Hohein was a gentleman of social temperament, and delighted in the enjoyment he found in the different lodge rooms, being a worthy member of the Masonic fraternity, in which he was a Knight Templar, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Maennerchor, and various other societies. Religiously he was a Lutheran. He was an independent thinker in politics preferring to cast his vote for the men and measures that more nearly met his approval. JOHN P. MARTIN, proprietor of a large stor- age warehouse and interested in the transportation business of Lancaster, was. born in this city, April 26, 1848, son of John G. and Lavina (Fitzgerald) Martin. John G. Martin, the father, was a man of prom- inence in Lancaster county. His father was propri- etor of the old "Relay House," located on the corner of Prince and Walnut streets, and John G. became its owner and conducted it as a hostelry for a per- iod of twenty-five years. Prior to taking charge of it he was in official life, holding the oifice of ser- geant of arms of the State Senate, from i860 to 1866. For several years he was a deputy United States marshal in the Ninth district, under Collector Muhlenberg, and held many of the local offices with great efficiency. He died Sept. 16, 1882, at the age of sixty-four years. As a member of Encampment and subordinate lodges in the order of Odd Fellows, he took an active part in that organization for many years, Mrs. Lavina (Fitzgerald) Martin died in March, 1890, at the age of sixty-six years, and both parents were buried in the cemetery in Lancaster. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Martin were as follows : Henry, who died at the age of forty-five years, at which time he was a Government store- keeper and ganger.; John P., of this sketch; Charles B., who is a tobacco packer in Lancaster ; and Mary E., who died young and was probably the first victim of the dread disease of diphtheria, in Lancaster county. The paternal grandparents of Mr. Martin were John J. and Mary E. Martin, both of whom were natives of Germany, but who came to Amer- ica in 1800, settling in the village of Pittsburg, Pa., in a log cabin, where they lived until about 1812, at 1864 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY which time they moved to Lancaster where Mr. Mar- tin purchased what is now known as the "Relay House," but at that time was called the "Bald Eagle Hotel." This historic old inn has remained in the family, the grandfather operating it until his death, which occurred in 1845, at the age of seventy-eight years. His widow assumed charge, and later rented the same until her son, the father of our subject, was old enough and prepared to take charge of it, which he did in 1866. Until 1882 John G. Martin was its host, and after his death, his son, our subject, took charge and conducted it until 1894, when he rented it to George M. Meyers, whose great-grandfather was probably its original owner sometime in the eighteenth century. Could the old walls talk, what tales would be revealed, for in those old days the inns were what might be termed the "nerve centers" of the life of the vicinity, the general gathering place of all political and extraordinary meetings of every kind. This was particularly so just prior to, and after, the Revolutionary war, when doubtless the "Bald Eagle Hotel" had many noted guests. The children born to John J. and Mary E. Mar- tin were two. John G. ; and Mary, who died young. By a previous marriage with Philip StoU, the mother had two sons, Philip (deceased), who was a master mechanic in the blacksmith department in the Phila- delphia Nav}' Yard ; and George, who died at the age of forty-five years, a trucker and drayer. The grand- mother of our subject died at the age of eighty-four years. The maternal grandparents came from Ire- land, Grandfather Edward Fitzgerald being a well- known contractor and builder in Lancaster. John P. Martin remained at home with his par- ents as long as they lived and then took charge of the hotel as noted above, and operated it until 1894. Since that he has been actively engaged in the stor- age business. In politics, Mr. Martin is a stanch Republican, and he is fraternally connected with the I. O. O. F., and the Uniform Rank, K. of P. He is a member of the Lutheran Church. Mr. Martin is regarded as a fine business man, and is widely known and much respected. « JOSEPH RUPP. There was a time, in the history of Lancaster county, when its farming in- terests were far less important than at the present day, but now, to be the owner of some 215 acres of land in as prosperous a township as West Earl, is to belong to the most independent and substantial class of citizens to be found in the State. Such is the en- viable situation of Joseph Rupp, one of the most highly esteemed agriculturists and stockraisers of this locality. The location of his valuable property is about one mile north of the town of Farmer sville, thus making possible the enjoyment of both country and town advantages. Joseph Rupp was born a son of Samuel and Elizabeth (VV^enger) Rupp, the former of whom was a son of Jacob Rupp, of German origin, a thrifty farmer in his day, who reared five children. Sam- uel Rupp was born about 1790, became one of the most prosperous farmers of this section, married Elizabeth Wenger, in 1815, and died in 1870, the father of the following children: Levi, a wealthy farmer of West Earl, residing near Brownstown; Jacob and Abraham, deceased; Maria, who mar- ried Isaac Burkholder; and Joseph of this sketch. Reared on the farm, Joseph Rupp early decided to make the cultivation of his lands and the raising: of fine stock his business in life, and he has ad- mirably succeeded, being now considered, most justly, one of the most substantial farmers of the township. For many years he has been engaged in the stock business, arid has shipped much stock — horses and mules — to the East, buying advantage- ously in the West. His education was received in the common schools, and he is one of the best-in- formed and most intelligent citizens of this locality, much interested in public topics, and a stanch ad- herent of the Republican party. For more than ten years he has acceptably served his township as school director, and has always given his influence in the direction of the advancement of education. In 1851, Joseph Rupp married Miss Eliza Buch,. of West Earl township, a daughter of George and Elizabeth Buch, and the children of this marriage are : Samuel A., born in 1854, is a miller at what is known as the old Rupp mill near the old Rupp home place in West Earl : Maria, born in 1858, is the wife of Lemon Rupp, of West Earl township; David,, born on Jan. 10, i860, resides on the home place, a farmer and stock dealer; and John, born in 1865, married Eliza Burkholder and farms the old home place, and also raises tobacco and buys and sells it. Mr. Rupp is one of the most highly esteemed citi- zens of the township, has many public and private friends, and in the domestic circles is devoted to the interests of his children and grandchildren. HENRY A. YOUNG, proprietor of the Key- stone bakery, of Lancaster, and one of the leading- business men of the city, was bom in Lancaster,. Aug. 5, 1857, son of David and Minnie (Reece) Young. David Young, father of Henrv A., was born in Hanover, Germany, and since qbigrating to the United States and settling in Lan(^aster, he has ear- ned on the shoe business. He was born in 1826, and his wife was born in 1834. Both of them are members of the Lutheran Church. Their children were : Dora, who married Jacob F. Keller, a cigar- maker of Lancaster ; Henry A., of this sketch ; and: Fred, who died in January, 1898. Henry A. Young grew up in Lancaster, and at- tended school and lived with his parents until he was. nineteen years old. Then he learned the bakery trade with William Rapp, serving an apprenticeship of two years, and later working as a journeyman- for him in this city, until 1883, when he opened up his present business. By his industry and energy BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1365 lie has buiit himself a fine trade, his methods of deal- ing as well as his excellent products finding a lib- ■eral patronage which is increasing in a very satis- factory manner. Mr. Young is an expert mixer and halier and supplies this vicinity with 3,500 loaves of tread per week, and also manufactures all kinds of ■delicious cakes and pastries. He has a delivery wagon which is kept busy, and he employs four men to assist in the business. _ In June, 1883, Mr. Young married Miss Mary Miller, born in Lancaster county, daughter of David and Caroline (Kautz) Miller, the former of whom is a retired cotton mill worker. One son has been born to Mr. and Mrs. Young, Henry A. In politics Mr. Young is a Republican and served for three years on the city council. He is a leading member of the Lutheran Church. Mr. Young is a self-made man, having accumulated means and built tip a business by his own endeavors. He is re- garded with esteem in his community, and is justly considered one of the representative business men of the city of Lancaster. MICHAEL REILLY. It is really only a com- paratively short period of time since transportation from one section of our country to another was only accomplished on foot, or by the help of a trusty steed ; "when swiftly-flowing streams were scarcely pass- able, and mountain ranges served to effectually sep- arate citizens of the same country. Now in contem- plation of the rapidly moving train which so safely rushes across the country, rattles over the turbid waters of swollen streams and roars through the very heart of the mountains and even climbs the same with speed and security, an enthusiasm is aroused for those capable builders whose knowledge and skill have macle these achievements possible. They truly hold the lives of the public in their keep- ing, for a weak span in the bridge, a spurious species of cement or gravel, faulty engineering or careless building and indifferent inspection, may imperil the lives of thousands. Among those thoroughly reliable and careful builders and contractors who have made transpor- tation through Lancaster county fraught with so few dangers is Michael Reilly, who, after a long, important and successful career, now resides in Lan- caster, enjoying a life of well-earned ease, surround- ed by a familv whose welfare has been one of his first cares. Mr. Reilly was born in County Meath, Ireland, Jan.- 30, 1833, son of John and Mary (Smith) Reilly, the former of whom lived out his life in his native country engaged in farming and ■merchandising. His chi'ldi-en were: Patrick, who IS a merchant m Ireland; Michael; and William, who died in Australia. Michael Reilly was but ten years old when he found his way to America and found work on the railroads, in New York City, where he passed through all the grades, thoroughly learning the bus- iness, so that by the time he had reached his nine- teenth year he was competent to begin contracting. Forming a partnership with John Keller, and later with others, Mr. Reilly engaged in railroad contract- ing and building for a period of over forty years, only retiring in 1892. He built the greater part of the old trolley lines in Lancaster, Pa., and has built many miles of railroad ; built the road between Reading and Columbia ; the East Pennsylvania road between Allentown and Reading, and very piany others, besides tunnels, bridges and grading of all kinds. While in partnership with Mr. Keller Mr. Reilly built the Quarryville railroad, which was leased for ten years to the Reading Railway Co., and finally was sold to the Pennsylvania Railway Co. In 1862 Mr. Reilly built his present comforta- ble residence in Lancaster. In 1851, in the State of New York, Mr. Reilly was imited to the most estimable lady who is still spared to him as a companion. She was Mrs. Anna (McGovern) McManis, and was born in Lancaster county, a daughter of Thomas and Mary (Duffy) McGovern, natives of County Cavan, Ireland, who came to America at an early day, when the ocean voyage still consumed three months. Mr. McCiovern became a successful farmer and a well-lcnown contractor in Lancaster, and built many railroads and canals, gaining a reputation for care- ful, expert work. Both he and his wife died in Lancaster. They had the following named children born to them : Anna, wife of Mr. Reilly ; Eliza, widow of Samuel Farant, of Philadelphia; Mar- garet (deceased), wife of John Masker; Helen and Sarah, who died young; Sarah, who is the widow of Henry McConomey, Esq., of Atlantic City; Thomas and Edward, deceased ; Catherine, de- ceased ; and John. The first marriage of Mrs. Reilly was to John McManis, who died in 1846. Two children were born to that union, namely : Pratici- ous, a prominent contractor in Philadelphia, who has been twice married, his second wife being Eliza- beth McGovern (he is the father of six children, one of whom is deceased) ; and Thomas, unmarried, who is a railroad contractor in Lancaster. Children as follows have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Reilly : James, who conducts the St. Charles Hotel," at Atlantic City, N. J., married Mary Bry- ant, and they have a family ; John, who is asso- ciated with his brother, married Catherine Steck- ley, and has three children ; WilHam (deceased) married Tessie Mogan, and they had five children, one of whom is deceased; Robert (deceased) mar- ried Elsa Eberly; Frank married Mamie Wharton; Charles, who is unmarried, operates the home farm. This is a particularly happy and united family, and they enjoy the esteem of many friends. They be- long to the Catholic church, to which Mr. Reilly contributes liberally. GRANVILLE W. PAULES, an influential and respected citizen of C'olumbia, was born in Marietta, Lancaster county. May 10, 1852. A successful con- 1366 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY tractor and builder, he is also prominent in public affairs, and is deservedly held in high esteem by his fellow townsmen. Mr. Paules' paternal grandfather, John, was born in York county. There he married a Miss Leber, who bore him eight children, Elizabeth, Sarah, Henry, Jane, John, George, David and Frank. Subsequent to his marriage he removed to Marietta, Pa., where he resided until his death. By trade he was a cooper, but after taking up a resi- dence in the last named town he also conducted a hotel. He attained the extraordinary age of ninety- four years and eleven months. Three of his children yet survive. Sarah is the widow of Simon Albright, a justice of the peace in Lancaster county. John is a retired blacksmith, lining at Mechanicsburg, Pa., and David is a re- tired farmer of Marietta. Elizabeth is deceased, and Jane was the wife of John Hercleroth. George Paules, the sixth child and third son, was the father of Granville W. In 1847 he married Mary Yunker, a daughter of Andrew and Mary M. (Myers) Yunker. She was born in York county, as were her parents. Her father successfully carried on the business of a miller until within a few years of his death, which occurred in 1875, at the age of seventy-five. His wife, who was four years his senior, followed him to the grave the following year, at the age of eighty. He was of German descent, his parents, Caspar and Anna M. (Wintermyers) Yunker, having emigrated from the Fatherland in early life. Of the four children born to Andrew Yunker and his wife, Mary, the youngest, was the mother of Granville W. Paules. The others were: Sarah, unmarried, residing in York, Pa. ; Jacob, who died at Baltimore at the age of seventy-two; and Henry, who passed away in 1899, after passing his seventy-filth birthday. George Paules, who, as has been said, was the father of Granville W., was the master of two trades, having been both a cooper and locksmith. He passed his life at Marietta, with the exception of a year (1864) spent in Indiana, and was for three years superintendent of an ore bank near the town. In 1868 he retired frorfi active business, and in July, 1889, he entered into rest, aged sixty-eight years. His wife yet survives him, making her home with her son Granville. They had four children: Edward is a resident of Middletown, Pa. ; William died when ten years old; Mary, was taken away in infancy; Granville W- was the youngest. The boyhood of Granville W. Paules was passed upon a farm, and at the age of sixteen he began his apprenticeship to the carpenter's trade, for which he early developed a great aptitude. He has passed all his life in Lancaster county with the exception of a short time spent in Lower Windsor township, York county, after which he came to Columbia, which has since been his home. In 1880 he formed a partner- ship with H. H. Cramer, but ten years later em- barked in business alone. On Christmas Day, 1873, in Lower Windsor township, Mr. Paules married Miss Nancy A. Beard, who was born in York county in December, 1850. Both her parents, as well as her grandparents, were highly esteemed residents of York county. Her pa- ternal grandfather, Joseph Beard, married Susan Layman. Her maternal grandfather was Daniel Gehley, a man of substance, who carried on a grist- mill and engaged in carpet-weaving; he married Anna Wike. Mrs. Paules is the fifth and youngest child of John E. Beard, wKo married Nancy Gehley. Mr. Beard was by occupation a tanner. He died iri 189s, after reaching the age of eighty-four, surviv- ing his .wife for forty-four years. Mrs. Paules' elder sisters, Priscilla and Mary, are both deceased ; her brothers, Frank and Harry, are engaged in busi- ness, the first named at Wrightsville and the younger at York. The marriage of Mr. and Airs. Paules has been blessed with four children. The eldest, Gertrude, is the wife of James A. Ryan, of Denver, Colo. Mary E., the second in order of birth, is a school teacher. The two younger children, Mabel B. and Granville E., are living at home. Mr. Paules and his family attend the M. E. Church. He is a member of the Order of K. of M. He has been repeatedly honored by being chosen to fill offices of high trust and grave responsibility. For six years he has been a member of the school board, and for one year president of that body, and for the past three years has filled a seat in the bor- ough council. He is broad-minded and public- spirited, keenly appreciating the needs of the com- munity and quick in devising remedies for existing evils. In private life he is affable and social, kindly in his impulses and generous in his sympathies. MARION DIVET. Mr. Divet's career af- fords a strikmg illustration of the possibilities af- forded to young men in a free, democratic common- wealth. He has been the architect of his own for- tunes, and, to quote an ancient writer, "hath both planned and builded well.'" Mr. Divet was born in Donegal township, Lan- caster county, July 27, i86t, the son of Peter Divet and Susan Rhodes, the issue of whose marriage was two children, Josephine and Marion. His sister niarried Henry Riggle, of Kinderhook, Pa., who is' in the service of the Reading Railroad Company. His paternal grandparents were John Divet and Anna Mary Frye, of Gravel Hill, in Rapho township. John Divet was a farmer and also operated a still. He died April 11, 1886, within a few days of his eighty-ninth birthday. Peter Divet, the father of Marion, was a gallant soldier in the Union army during the Civil war, having enlisted as a private in 1864 in the company led by Capt. Kesslar. He died at the age of thirty-three, in Salisbury prison, from starvation. He was a successful farmer prior to the war. The mother of Mr. Divet, nee Susan Rhodes, was born in 1841, and is still living. She BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1367 IS a daughter of John Rhodes, a fence builder, of Marietta, who died at Kinderhook in 1858, at the age of forty-six. Marion Divet was reared by his grandfather on the latter's farm, and remained with him until he was twenty-two years old. His early life was passed in Newtown, where he learned the culture and preparation of tobacco. After his grandfather's death he found employment with W. H. Hogen- dobler, a carpenter and building contractor. He remained with Mr. Hogendobler until April 12, 1900, with the exception of one year, when he was in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Com- pany and was located in Philadelphia. He is at present engaged in business as a contractor and builder on his own account, and his success has been remarkable. Thoroughly familiar with every detail of his work, energetic in the execution of every task assigned to him, and characterized by scrupul- ous and unswerving fidelity, he commands the con- fidence of all who have an opportunity to become familiar with his sterling worth. Although reared in the Democratic faith, he is a Republican. His first vote was not cast until he reached the age of twenty-four. He is a member of the order of Hep- tasophs. His home on Chestnut street is one of the most attractive in Columbia. Mr. Divet married Miss Nettie Saylor, of Mar- ietta, in 1889. Her father, William Saylor, was born in York county, and her mother, whose maiden name was Emeline- Snyder, in Mt. Joy. They were married in Lancaster in September, 1862. William came with his parents to West Hempfield township in boyhood, and passed the greater portion of his life there, engaged in farming. He died at Marietta in 1886, in his forty-eighth year. His wife, Mrs. D) vet's mother, was born Sept. 16, 1841, and is now living with her daughter. She is a member of the Lutheran Church. The children of this union were: Mary, Elmer, Samuel and Alice, who all died young; Nettie, wife of Marion Divet; and Anna, who married Charles Lochard, of Columbia. Mrs. Divet's paternal grandparents were Samuel and Mary (Durr) Saylor, he having been a farmer in West Hempfield. He passed away June 25, 1900, after reaching the unusual age of eighty-two. His widow, who yet lives at Marietta, was a daughter of Joseph and Anna (Dyer) Durr, of Manheim, in Lancaster county. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Divet has been blessed with one son, Roy. CHRISTIAN FUNK STONER, deputy regis- ter of wills of Lancaster county, with residence in the city of Lancaster, is one of the best known and most popular citizens of the community in which he lives. Mr.Stbner's ancestors were among the early set- tlers of the county, three brothers of the name hav- •ing come here from Germany, and settled in what was then Conestoga (now Pequea) township, hav- ing secured a patent for one thousand acres of land in that locality. The great-grandfather of Christian F. erected the dwelling house, and there the grand- father was born and passed all his days. Abraham Stoner, who farmed, and, in connec- tion, conducted a machine shop near Stonersville (named after the family of Stoner), in West Lam- peter township, was the fathier of Christian F. Stoner. The late H. K. Stoner, who was a pioneer dealer in improved farm implements in this county, was a half-brother of Abraham Stoner. The latter married Lydia Funk, of Manor township, Lancaster county, and their children were : Isaac, deceased ; Susan, deceased wife of Rev. Samuel Roth, of York county. Pa. ; Fanny, wife of Jesse Strickler, both now deceased ; Miss Lizzie and Miss Lydia A., both living on one of the finest truck farms in Lan- caster county ; Levi, of Lancaster ; John F., with the Safety Buggy Company ; and Christian F., whose name introduces this sketch. Christian F. Stoner was born Nov. 6, 1850, in West Lampeter township, Lancaster Co., Pa., and was edticated in the public schools of Pequea town- ship, whither his parents had removed when he was two years old. Leaving school at the age of fifteen years, young Stoner entered the dry-goods store of Hager & Brothers, in Lancaster, and there re- mained eight years, at the end of which time, his father having died, he returned home. Until 1879 he remained on the home farm, in that year receiv- ing the appointment to the office of deputy register of wills. He served as such until 1881, under Capt. Edward Edgerly, and then served three years under Mr. Umble, at the close of which term he was elected register of wills, and for three years remained at the head of that office, discharging the duties there- of with characteristic intelligence and fidelity. Up- on his retirement from this incumbency he for a time bought leaf tobacco for Dohan & Taitt, of Phil- adelphia, also served one year as a clerk in the re- corder's and sheri-ff's offices, and was then recalled to the register's office, this time under Joseph Reeser, register of wills, serving as deputy register three years under him, then three years under M. G. Mus- ser, and since Jan. i, 1900, he has been serving under A. PI. Diffenbaugh — altogether a truly remarkable record, and a just recognition of intelligence, fidelity and integrity. While living with his sister in Pe- quea township, after his father's death, Mr. Stoner was elected assessor of the township for two terms, and justice of the peace one term, resigning from the latter office before the expiration bf the term. On March 28, 1885, Christian F. Stoner married Hannah JNIartha Martin, daughter of the late John Martin, in his day a well-known hotel-keeper at West Willow, this county, and two children have blessed their union: Lucretia M., who graduated from the Girls' High School, Lancaster, in 1902; and Mercy Fridy, who is a member of the class of 1904, same school. The entire family attend the services of St. Paul's Reformed Church, Lancaster. 1368 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY In fraternal relations Mr. Stoner is a member of Levergood Lodge, I. O. O. F. ; the Jr. O. U. A. M. ; the Artisans, and the Elks. Taken all in all, there is no more popular man in the community, both personally and politically, than Christian F. Stoner. WILLIAIM G. BEAR (deceased.) Prominent among the business men of West Earl township, was William G. Bear, late the popular veteran proprietor of the well-known "Brownstown Hotel," a hostelry •which justly deserves the cominendation of the traveling public. Mr. Bear came of German stock, his grandfather, Peter Bear, who was born in 1789, having come from Germany as one of the old settlers -of West Earl township. He was the father of these children: Mary, who married William Spearan and resides in West Earl township ; Elizabeth, who married Peter Hillman ; Margaretta, who married Levi Ruff ; R. E., a vv^ell- known plasterer; Jacob; and Abraham, who died unmarried. Jacob Bear, the father of William G. was born March 31, 1820, and died June 21, 1890, and for rnany years was a hotelkeeper, in Brownstown. On Nov. 5, 1845, he married Sophia Gorman, who was born Jan. 17, 1H27, and died March 5, 1900. To this union were. born: William G., born Jan. 24, 1847; Isaac,. born Oct. 16. 1848, resides in Daven- port, Iowa, where he is a saddler ; Mary Ann, born May 10, 185 1, is the wife of Mathew Rozzer, a shoe dealer of West Earl; Jacob, born Jan. 15, 1855, re- sides in West Earl ; Alfred, born May 20, 1865, re- sides in West Earl, ^yhere he is a cigarmaker ; and Elmer E.. born Jan. 20, 1867, is also a cigarmaker of West Earl. William G. Bear was reared in West Earl and received his education in the common schools. His business came to him from his father, who was also an excellent hotelkeeper, and all of his life, with the exception of his army experience, was passed in looking after the convenience and comfort of his guests. His excellent hotel was well and favorably known, and he had a wide circle of friends. Mr. Bear enlisted in 1864, in Co. G, i9Sth P. V. I., and continued in the service of his country until the close of the Civil war. Although Mr. Bear came of a Democratic family, his belief was in the Republican party and his vote was always cast in its support. In the township he filled many of the local offices, and was a most efficient judge of elec- tion. Socially he was connected with the K. of P., in which order "he was highly valued. On Nov. 15, 1873, William G. Bear was mar- ried to Miss Emma L. Gorman, who was born April II, 1851, m Ephrata township, a daughter of Harry and Katherine (Rutter) Gorman, and to this union were born: Harry, born April 11, 1875, died April 5, 1891 ; Minnie G., horn Aug. 28, 1876, is at home; and Edna G., born Feb. 15, 1886, died March 9, r888. Mr. Bear was highly esteemed in the locality where his life was passed, and by those who knew him be.st. Devoted to his family and friends, up- right in his dealings with the public, and a progres- sive and intelligent man, he represented the fine old county of Lancaster. WILLIAM FUHRMAN, wholesale and retail meat merchant and proprietor of the largest meat trade in I^ancaster, was born in Philadelphia, Aug. 17, 1849, son of WiUiam, Sr., and Catherine (Dau- mer) Fuhrman. William Fuhrman, Sr., came to America from Germany, soon after his marriage, and with his wife settled in Philadelphia, where he engaged in the butcher's business. In 1858 he 'removed to Lan- caster and opened up his place of trade at the market still kept by his son. He remained there until his death, which occurred in 1881, at the age of sixty- one. His wife died in 1871, aged sixty-four years. Both of them belonged to the German Lutheran Church. Mr. Fuhrman was a Democrat in politics and belonged fraternally to the I. O. O. F. They had these children : Hannah, deceased, in 1894, the wife of Frederick Gackler, who is engaged in the real estate business, in Philadelphia; William, of this sketch; and Misses Amelia and Lydia, both residents of Philadelphia. William Fuhrman, our subject, received an ex- cellent common school education and then learned the meat business under the careful supervision of his father, at the latter's death purchasing the same from the estate and carrying it on ever since, on progressive lines. His business is both wholesale and retail and he manufactures all kinds of sau- sages as a specialty, and carries the largest trade in his line in Lancaster. In 1887 he erected his three- story slaughter house, back of his residence, and it is modern in every way, clean and sanitary and equipped with the latest conveniences. Mr. Fuhr- man employs a force of fifteen men and gives the public the very best service and the most whole- some meat that can be found anywhere. By close attention to business, honest and upright dealing and courteous and obliging manner; Mr. Fuhrman has distanced all competitors and occupies the leading position in his line in this city. In 1869 Mr. Fuhrman was married to Mary Schemerbrant, of Lancaster, by whom he had two sons, William and Henry. Mrs. Fuhrman died, and on Nov. 12, t886, in Lancaster, Mr. Fuhr- man M^as united in marriage to Elizabeth Frankford, born in Providence township, Lancaster county, daughter of Philip and Evaline (Lee) Frank- ford, the former of whom was a shoemaker in this city, born in 1804 and died in 1874. The mother of Mrs. Fuhrman died in March, 1883, aged fifty-eight years, and both were buried in Lancas- ter and both were members of the U. B. Church. Their children were: Joshua, a leather merchant m Philadelphia; Margaret, deceased; Martha, who married Elias Hamilton, and lives in the southern- part of Lancaster county; Elizabeth, who is Mrs. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1869 Fuhrman ; Ellen, who married Harry Ailes, a car- penter in Harriman, Tenn.; Ruth, who married Walter E. Harvey, a farmer in this county; Mary, who married John Bielfeldt, of Philadelphia; Eva, who married Jonas Heiland, a cigarmaker of Har- risburg ; and William, of Lancaster. Five children have been bom to Mr. and Mrs. Fuhrman, namely : Ray C, Ira iN., Guy L., Paul Lester and C. Earl. Mr. Fuhrman is a member of the Democratic party. He is identified with a number of the lead- ing fraternal organizations, belonging to the Ma- sonic Blue Lodg"e, the B. P. Q. E., No. 134, the Artisans, the K. of P. and the I. O. O. F. JOHN SCHLEICH was born in Baden, Ger- many, April 14, 1807. and died in Lancaster, Pa., Dec. 6, 187 1. He came here from Germany in 1828, settling at once in Lancaster, and remaining to the end of his days. He was a bkker by trade, and he operated a baking establishment until 1857, when he entered the grocery business, from which he accumulated a considerable fortune. Politically he acted with the Democrats. He was a member of the 1. O. O. F. and of Zion Lutheran Church. He married Maria B. Glessing of Wurtemberg, Germany, by whom he had the following offspring : John, Jr., who died Oct. 29, 1898, aged sixty-two; George H., born m Lancaster in 1839; Jacob F., who died in Feb., 1899; Miss Margaret C, now re- siding in Lancaster with George H. None of these ■ever married. The mother and widow died in 1876, at the age of seventy-five. George H. Schletch^ who continues his father's business, was reared in it, and it naturally came to him at the death of his parents. He is one of the oldest survivors of the native-born citizens of Lan- caster, within whose bounds he owns many valua- ble properties, and where he is well and prominently known. Like the rest of his family he has worked hard. They have all been constant accumulators, good business men of quiet disposition. All are, and have been, members of the Lutheran Church. FRANKLIN N. KREIDER, one of the young and representative farmers of East Hempfield, Lan- caster countv, was born Sept. 21, 1868, a son of John and Anna M. (Net?) Kreider. Jacob Kreider, the paternal grandfather, was a farmer by occupation, and greatly respected in East Plempfield township, where his son John was born Oct. 1=;, 1845. Until 1890, the latter engaged in farming," but at that date, retired from active life. However, in April, 1900, he interested hmi- seif in the large creamery at East Petersburg, and has since devoted his attention to this line of busi- ness His most estimable wife, Anna M., was a daughter of Jacob and Mary (Miller) NeS, in- fluential people of Manor township, and she bore him two children: Franklin N. ; and Jacob N., born on Aug. 24, 1870, married Kate Hostetter, and died in 1895, at the age of twenty-four. John Kreider and his wife are members of the Old Men- nonite Church, in which denomination they are highly esteemed. Franklin N. Kreider spent his boyhood days upon the farm of his father, learning to till the soil, and attending the public schools, during the winter months. When he attained his majority, the enterprising young man rented the farm he now occupies, and commenced business for himself. So successful was he in conducting his farm, that with- in three years the thirty-seven acres comprising the' property, became his own, and since then his excel- lent crops have continued as a result of his good management and thorough understanding of the science of farming. On Nov. 7, 1890, Franklin N. Kreider married Lizzie A. Kauffman, a daughter of Benjamin B. and Anna (Kreider) Kaufiiman, of Manheim town- ship, formerly of East Hempfield township. Three children have been born of this marriage : Ammon K. ; Elmer K. and Irvin K. The religious connec- tions of Franklin N. Kreider and wife are with the Old Mennonite Church, in which faith they were feared. Surrounded with their little ones, these two young people have a bright future before them of happy lives, spent in peaceful enjoyment of the comforts provided by their industry, enterprise and economy. KAUFMAN DEUTSCH (deceased), for many years a well-known citizen of Lancaster, was born in Danville, Montour Co., Pa., and died from the effects of a paralytic stroke, at his home in Lancas- ter, May 25, 1891, and was interred at Danville. His father was Moses Deutsch, who was born in Germany, but who emigrated to the United States early in life and settled at Danville; his occupation was that of a drover, and in his many trips made through the State with cattle and stock, he acquired a wide acquaintance. Kaufman Deutsch was not born into a wealthy home, and while still a lad, started out to make his own fortune, his financial capital being a ten dollar bill given him by his father. That he was provident, industrious and energetic, was proven by the ample fortune he amassed, and the prominence to which he attained as a horseman in this vicinity. Few men in this Une were better known in Lancaster county, where he made his home through many years. In Philadelphia, on June 7, 1874, Kaufman 'Deutsch was married to Miss Elizabeth Hickey, who was born in Philadelphia, daughter of Thomas and Eliza- beth (Darrow) Hickey, natives of Ireland. Mr. Hickey was the proprietor of a large tailoring es- tablishment until he enlisted for service in the Civil war, under Col. Chantry, in the i69tli Pa. V. I., and was so severely wounded in the thigh at the sec- ond Battle of Bull Run, that his leg had to be am- putated, from which the faithful soldier died. His widow survived until 1877, dying at the age of sixty-four years. Both parents were worthy mem- 1370 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY bers of the Roman Catholic. Church. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Hickey were as follows: Sally, widow of Christian Schoud; Elizabeth, widow of Mr. Deutsch ; John, a decorator in New York City ; Emma, deceased wife of Frank Thomp- son ; Frank, deceased ; and Mary, who died young. Mr. Deutsch was a valued member of the order of Odd Fellows, while in his political views, he be- longed to tlie FJemocratic party. His religious con- nection was with the Synagogue, but Mrs. Deutsch is a consistent member of the Catholic Church, where she has many attached friends. Mr. Deutsch was a whole-souled, kind-hearted man, very genial and pleasant, and while he had made his own way in the world without assistance, he was always ready to ex- tend a helping hand to others. His circle of friends was large and he is much missed. The one daugh- ter born to Mr. and Mrs. Deutsch is Minnie L., who is the widow of Gerald J, Peiper, of Washing- ton, D. C, where he was a photographic artist. Mrs. Peiper has two children, namely : G. D. Maitland and Florence A. HENRY K. OBER, a school teacher, surveyor, notary public and conveyancer, of Mastersonville, Pa., was born in Rapho township, Jan. 2, 1878, and is the son of Michael R. and Susan (Kulp) Ober, of the same township, where they still reside. Michael R. Ober, a successful general farmer of Rapho township, now retired, was born there March 27, 1836, a son of Christian and Barbara (Ruhl) Ober. He has been twice married. On May II, 1858, in Lancaster, he wedded Catherine Spigler, who was born in Catfish, Lancaster coun- ty, m 1841, and died Sept. 29, 1871. She sleeps her last sleep in Chickies Meeting House burying ground. She was a daughter of Samuel and Susan (Burdolf) Spigler, who lived and died in Lancaster county, the former passing away in Mt. Joy town- ship, and the latter while on a visit in Juda. For his second wife, Michael Ober married Susan Kulp, who was born in Rapho township, Jan. 17, 185 1, a daughter of Jacob and Mary (Baker) Kulp, of Lancaster county. To them were born two chil- dren, Henry K. ; and Emma, the wife of Ah^a W. Wolgemuth, a farmer of Rapho township. Henry K. Ober lived at home with his parents until his marriage, excepting the time spent in the State Normal school, at Millersville, Pa., where he graduated in the spring of 1898. After that he again returned to his father's home and lived there until early in 1901, when he moved to Mastersonville, his present residence. Mr. Ober has taught school since 1896 and has given his leisure time to conveyanc- ing and the duties of his office of notary public, and for the past three years to his profession of surveyor and civil engineer. He is very energetic and a hard worker, so that, although diversified, his employment is conscientiously attended to. On May 25, 1899, Mr. Ober was married to jMiss Cora B. Hess, who was born Aug. 6, 1879, daughter of Henry L. and Anna (Brinzer) Hess, of Mt. Joy township, the father being a retired farmer of prominence in his locality. He recently moved from Mt. Joy to Elizabethtown, Pa. No chil- dren have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Ober. Mr. Ober, though young, has by his indomitable pluck and energy already gained a foothold in busi- ness circles which will eventually lead him to for- tune and prominence in his locality. Of very agree- able manners, he has the faculty of making many friends who remain such. Mr. Ober and his wife are members of the German Baptist Church. OWEN F. BRUNER, proprietor of the "Swan Hotel,'" corner of South Queen and East Vine streets, Lancaster, is descended from ancestry that has long been .connected with the affairs of Pennsyl- vania. Owen Bruner, his grandfather, was a lum- ber dealer of Ephrata. I'etcr Martin Bruner, son of Owen, carried on general merchandising at Conestoga Center, for forty-two years. For some years past he has been living retired, at No. 443 South Duke street, Lan- caster. Mr. Bruner was twice married. His first wife was Elizabeth Ohmit, daughter of Christian Ohmit, a well-known river pilot living at Wash- ington borough. This union was blessed with nine children, the following of whom are living: Peter, a hotel-keeper at Gettysburg; Jacob M. and Will- iam, in the coal business in Philadelphia; Martha, wife of A. J. Zercher, an undertaker of Conestoga Center ; Rebecca, wife of William Caldwell, of Rock Hill ; Mary, at home ; and Owen F. proprietor of the "Swan Hotel." The mother of these children died thirty-one years ago, and Mr. Bruner then mar- ried Delia Sourbeer, daughter of Reuben Sourbeer, of Safe Harbor. Three children were born of this union: Harry, connected with the butter depart- ment of the caramel factory of Lancaster ; and Emma and Bertha, at home. Owen F. Bruner was born in Conestoga Center Feb. 12, 1867, and was educated in the public schools of that district. Leaving school at the age of seven- teen years, he entered his father's store, and later learned cigarmaking. When he attained his major- ity Mr. Bruner went into the bread business at West Willow, but after one year abandoned this to engage in the hotel business at Gap, remaining one year. This was followed by four years as proprietor of a hotel at Rock Hill. He then came to Lancaster and became connected with the "McGrann House," North Queen street, where he remained until March, 1899, when he took possession of the "Swan Hotel," corner of South Queen and Vine streets, where he has met with great success. The "Swan" has ac- commodations for forty, and in its stables there is room for two hundred and fifty horses. It is a fact most gratifying to the genial host that hotel and stables are alike popular, the former never lacking lodgers, and the latter always well filled. Mr. Bruner has been twice married. His fir.st BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1371 wile was Ella Hoftman, daughter of a well-known farmer of Willowstreet. To this marriage came one child, Bertha, who died at the age of one year. The child's deatli was closely followed by that of the mother. For his second wife Mr. Bruner wedded Mary Weninger, daughter of Gottlieb Weninger, a well-known citizen of the Fourth ward, Lancaster. Socially Mr. Brunner is a member of the Odd Fel- lows and the Knights of Malta. He has been an active 'a orker in the Reformed Church of Cdnestoga Center, and for a time sang in the choir. In church or social circles, in business or in his home, Mr. Bruner is a most excellent and pleasant gentleman. JACOB MU'SSER BRUNER, brother of Owen F. Bruner, has succeeded in one of the largest centers of trade in the world, Philadelphia. He was born in Conestoga Center May 8, 1862, and, after attend- ing the schools of the district, finished his education at the State Normal School at Millersville. Leav- ing the latter institution when nineteen years old, Mr. Bruner clerked for a time for his uncle, H. F. Bruner, who was engaged in the coal trade in Phil- adelphia ; and then, having mastered the intricacies of the business, entered into the coal trade for him- self in that city. He began business for himself Dec. I, 1885, and the fact that he now owins three coalyards in Philadelphia is the best evidence that he has succeeded. These yards are located respect- ively at tlie northeast corner of 13th street and Washington avenue, where the main oiSce is ; at the northwest corner of j:6th street and Indiana avenue, and at No. 4503 Girard avenue. All of these yards have telephone connections, and nineteen de- livery wagons are kept busy in meeting the demands of the extensive trade. In 1890 Mr. Bruner was married to Jennie Mes- sick, daughter of M. A. Messick, a well-known miller of Delaware. One son has blessed this union, J. Millard Bruner. Mr. Bruner belongs to the Blue Lodge of Masons, and to the Knights of the Golden Eagle. Politically he is a Republican; religiously a Presbyterian ; and in all the affairs of life he is a wholesouled, enterprising gentleman. A. LINCOLN ERB is the efficient superintend- ent of the Wrightsville Lime Co., a noted estab- lishment on the old Halderman farm, five miles from Marietta, a place consisting of 250 acres, mostly of limestone rock, with 4,300 feet of river front. Here about 200 men are employed, and fifteen lime kilns are kept in operation, seven of them being of the latest design. He was born at Lobata, in Conoy township, Sept. 25, 1865. He remained at home until he reached the age of seventeen years, when he engaged in teaching, an occupation which he fol- lowed for the ensuing nine years, fitting himself more thoroughlv for this work by a two years' course in the State Normal School at Millersville. In 1890 he gave up teaching, and attended a busi- ness college in Philadelphia. In 1892 he came to the Wrightsville Lime Company to take a position as a clerk. In 1896 he was made superintendent of the works, a responsible position which he fills with satisfaction to his employers and credit to him- self. In his politics he is a Republican, and is high- ly esteemed in the community, both for his sterling manlv and business qualities and for kind heart and genial disposition. On May 12, 1895, Mr. Erb was married in Conoy township to Miss Fanny Hershey, who was born in Mt. Joy township May 30, 1868, a daughter of Christian and Sarah (Engle) Hershey, both born and reared in Lancaster county. To Mr. and Mrs. Erb have been born three children, Mary H., Chris- tian S. and John E. Christian Hershey, who was a son of John and Elizabeth (Flershey) Hershey, of Lancaster county, was a farnier and a man of means. He died in East Donegal township, Aug. 14, 1895, aged fifty-seven years. His wife, Sarah Engle, was born in 1840, a daughter of Henry and Fanny (Hoover) Engle, also of Lancaster county. To Christian and Sarah (Engle) Hershey were born children as follows: Eli, a tobacco salesman in Brooklyn, N. Y. ; Henry, deceased ; Eusebius, a traveling salesman from Phil- adelphia ; F'anny ; Anna, wife of H. K. Alwine, a cattle drover of Middletown ; Lizzie, wife of Harry Brinzer, of Middletown ; and Norman, a resident of Maytown. The mother of these children is still liv- ing, and makes her home in East Donegal. GEORGE L. BRENEMAN is one of Colum- bia's enterprising, progressive and energetic busi- ness men, whose acumen and integrity have won for him the undisgxiised and universal esteem of his fellow townsmen. The paternal grandparents were Abraham and Sarah Breneman, who settled in Donegal township in 1806, and for many years conducted a well-or- dered and thriving hostelry at Columbia. Christian Breneman, father of George L., married Sarah Col- lins, daughter of James and Jane (Everlin) Collins. Mr. Collins was born in Conestoga township, and his wife in Columbia. Christian Breneman was a lime manufacturer, a man of some means, prominent in local affairs, and was held in high repute by his neighbors. He filled the office of school director and chief burgess, and occupied a seat in the council. He died in Columbia in 1877, after reaching the age of sixty-seven. His widow lived to see her eightv-second birthday, and entered into rest in 1892, at Wrightsville. Their children were seven in number. The two eldest, James and Jane, died in childhood. Emma, the third child, is unmarried and resides at Wrightsville. Oscarluca died in his twenty-first year. Mary is Mrs. Calvin Flora, of Wrightsville. George L. was the sixth child, and the youngest, Anna, died before reaching maturity. George L. Breneman's life has been full of ac- tivity and well directed effort. He was born in Donegal township, April 16, 1851, but came to Co- 1372 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY lumbia at the age of nine. When fourteen he be- gan his career as a driver for a teamster, and before he had reached his eighteenth year he set out to seek his fortune in the West. For a year and a half he worked upon a Kansas railroad, then returning to Columbia, he entered the employ of the Pennsyl- vania Railroad Company as a fireman. Three years later he was made engineer. For nineteen years thereafter he contimted in the company's service in the same capacity, and then he began the life of a farmer in Manor township. After seven years he tired of this, with its prosaic round of duties, and ■coming to Columbia in the spring of 1900, engaged in hi? present line of business, that of a dealer in fruit and produce. In this he has been successful, his natural qualities well fitting him to succeed in any avocation where sound sense, industry and in- tegrity are indispensable. He married Miss Kate Reece, of Lancaster, in June. 1877. Of their five children, the eldest, Jen- nie, is a trained nurse in New York City ; the others, Witmer, Alice, James and Sally, are at home with their . parents. Mrs. Breneman's father, George Reece, was a hotel keeper at Mountville. He died in 1876, before reaching his fiftieth year. Her mother was Eliza- beth Poisht, a devout Lutheran, who died in 1872, at Lancaster, aged sixty-seven years. She bore her husband four daughters and three sons, Mrs. Brene- man being the third child in the order of birth. A brief mention oi the others may prove of interest. David, the eldest, as well as Anna, Mrs. Josiah Conklin, reside in Columbia ; Ella married Jacob Bitner, of Mountville; Mary is the wife of Harry Friday, of Lancaster ; George is a pretzel baker in the same city ; Thomas, the youngest of the family, lives at Mountville, and is a dealer in horses. Mrs. Breneman's grandparents, both paternal and mater- nal, were born in Germany, and came to America while yet young. Henry and Mary (Lively) Reece, the parents of her father, settled in Lancaster coun- ty , as did those of her mother, Henry and Elizabeth Poisht. Henry Poisht was by occupation a baker of pretzels. Mr. Breneman is independent in politics, placing patriotism before policy, just as he would uplift char- ity above creed. S. L. BINNESDERFER was born in Peters- burg, Lancaster county, Aug. 22, 1869, a son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Landis) Binnesderfer, natives of Petersburg and Pennsylvania, respect- ively. Samuel Binnesderfer, who is still a resident of Petersburg, was born in June, 1842, was reared as a butcher, but afterward became a tobacco merchant, in both of which lines he realized considerable profits, and for the past sixteen years has been the popular and genial landlord of the "Black Horse Hotel." His wife was called away from him in 1881,' at the comparatively early age of thirty-nine years, in the faith of the Lutheran church. They had three chil- dren, viz. : S. L., whose name introduces this article ; Agnes, who died when but two and one-half years old; and Idella, who still has her home with her father. The paternal grandparents of Scott L. Binnes- derfer were George and Susan (Kahler) Binnes- derfer, who were born in Lancaster county. Pa., were reared on farms belonging to their respective parents and died in Petersburg. S. L. Binnesderfer was reared on the old home- stead at Petersburg, where he continued to reside until twenty-four years of age. In the meantime he acquired a good common-school education, and at a very early age began packing tobacco. At the the age of fourteen years he made a full hand at the tobacco press, and continued to work at packing in the home tobacco warehouse until twenty-three years old, and a year later began working at the carpenter's trade, followed it until November, 1900, and then came to Mountville, and purchased ihe business of E. B. Kready, which he has since dis- posed of. Mr. Binnesderfer is a member of the P. O. S. of A., the Jr. O. U. A. M., the Mystic Chain and the Royal Arcanum. In politics he is a Republican, but has never accepted a public office. He is straightfor- ward in all his dealings, and during his business life in Mountville established a high reputation for integrity. He enjoys the respect of- quite a large circle of friends and acquaintances. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN HERSHEY, the enterprising coal and lumber dealer on the Lititz turnpike, near the stock-yards, and who with his brother Christian, has built up quite a settlement in that section, comes from one of the oldest, most numerous and influential families in Lancaster coun- ty. His grandfather was Benjamin Hershey, a farmer, near Leaman Place, Lancaster county, and his father, Christian H. Hershey, is a well-preserved and active man, who after a long and busy life, is now devoting his last years to the helping of his sons in the extensive business at the new settlement near the stock-yards. Christian H. Hershey married Miss Jane Shultz, a daughter of Martin Shultz, of Paradise, Lancas- ter county, at that time in the service of the Penn- sylvania Railway Company. Seven children were born to this union, all of whom are living: Ida C, wife of F. K. Leman, formerly a partner with B. F. Hershey in the coal and lumber business at Gordonville: Susan, wife of Levi Zimmerman, a farmer at Kinzers ; C;iara, wife of William J. Aiken, a carpenter and undertaker, of Williamstown, Lan- caster county; Hettie A., wife of E. E. Keneagy, a farmer near Kinzers ; Bertha, wife of Milton m! Myers, of Kinzers, a telegraph operator in the ser- vice of the Pennsylvania Railroad; Christian, a graduate of the Pennsylvania Business College, and now engaged in the grain and feed business in BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1373 the settlement noted above; and Benjamin Franklin. Benjamin Franklin Hershey was born near New Holland, Oct. 21, 1869, and had his education prin- cipally in the public schools at Kinzers, to which point his parents removed while he was still a lad. When he was seventeen years old he left school, and went to farming with his father, with whom he remained for three years, and then engaged in the same line two years for himself. While hardly yet out of his boyhood he engaged in the coal and lum- ber business at Gordonville, which he successfully conducted for five years, and then, seeing an op- portunity near the city of Lancaster, with his broth- er, he bought four acres near the stock yards tract, erected four buildings, comprising a large ware- house, a mill, a smithy, and an office, and there they began what has proved an extremely profitable trade. The creation of this important suburban addition to Lancaster was begun in the early fall of 1900, and by the following spring everything was in order. Both telephone services are employed to meet the wants of a rapidly growing trade. A branch office has been established at No. 12 East Orange street. In 1889 Benjamin F. Hershey was married to Miss Susan, daughter of the late Elias Leaman, who was a farmer near Intercourse, and this union was blessed with five children, one of whom, Alta A., is deceased. The survivors are: Jennie E. and Elsie May, at school; and Elmer L. and Benjamin Herbert, at home. Mr. Hershey, who has now closed out his enterprise at Gordonville, is devoting all his efforts to the development of his very prom- ising business at Lancaster. He lives at No. 623 North Lime street. In religion he is an Old Mennonite, the Hersheys having been connected with that church for many generations. In politics he is a Republican, and he is a public-spirited and patriotic citizen. WILLIS G. HARRY, manager of the Lancas- ter Dairy Company, at No. 36 West Chestnut street, Lancaster, is an Ohioan by birth, but has adopted this city as his home; and as he has made himself felt in his crusade for pure milk he deserves more than a passing notice. Mr.' Harrv is a son of Silas C. Harry, of Woos- ter, Ohio, who is now living retired in that pleas- ant little city after a long and useful career as a contracting plasterer. He married Margaret Sommers, and from this union came Scott G., Anna May and Willis G, the two first named at home with their parents in Ohio. Willis G. Harry was born in West Lebanon, Oliio. where his parents lived for a time, and after reaching the proper age became a pupil in the schools of Wooster, graduating from the high school in due time. His'first work was in the dairy and cream- er v business, and then he spent a year in study at the University of Wisconsin. Mr. Harry was then employed at the Ohio Agricultural Experimental Station, where he spent two years, after which he spent a year at the Ohio State University. Mr. Harry then came East and was employed in the creamery business in York, Pa. He was next at Lititz, where he had charge of the creamery busi- ness of E. L. Garber, through whose enterprise and liberality the Lancaster Dairy Company was established in the spring of 1900, with Mr. Harry as manager. Mr. Harry proceeded to pasteurize the milk and cream, and for the first time the people of Lancaster were offered a pure article. So popu- lar did this pure liquid food become that in a short time four wagons were required by the growing trade, taxed to their utmost capacity in serving the many patrons the Lancaster Dairy Company had secured. Mr. Harry has brought not only rare in- dustry, but rare intelligence as well to the work, and the people of Lancaster have abundantly shown their appreciation of his work. HENRY S. MUSSER, a prosperous and suc- cessful general farmer of Rapho township, Lancas- ter county, was born in East Hempfield township. May 24, 1874, a son of Martin N. and Anna M. (Seitz) Musser. Ihe father was born on the farm where he is now living in East Hempfield township, December 25, 1846, and the mother in Rohrerstown, Pa., in 1850. Ihey are members of the New Men- nonite Church, and are very highly esteemed by all who know them. They had two children : Mary S., who died at the age of fifteen years; Henry S. The paternal grandfather of Henry S. Musser was Benjamin Musser, a farmer of Providence township, whose death, however, occurred in East Hempfield township, in October, 1892, at the age of sixty-seven years. The great-grandfather of Henry S., also Benjamin Musser, was a lifelong resident of Lancaster county. The maternal grandparents of Henry S. Musser were John M. and Mary (Mellin- ger) .Seitz, both native to Lancaster county. Henry S. Musser was married in Lancaster, Pa., Sept. 2, 1897, to Lizzie N. Shenk, by whom he has had one child, Anna S. Mrs. Lizzie N. (Shenk) Musser was born on the farm where she has her present home, Sept. 15, 1875, a daughter of Henry H. and Anna (Nissley) Shenk, both of whom were born in Rapho township, and there died. They came to the farm in 1872, and her father was a farmer all his days. When he died in 1882 he was only thirty-two; and his wife was only twenty-five at her death, in 1878; their remains are resting in a private cemetery on the farm where Mrs. Musser is now residing. They were members of the New Mennonite Church, and were in every way honor- able and upright people. Their family consisted of two daughters, Lizzie N., who is Mrs. Musser, and Anna N., who married Edward Crist, a farmer, near Rawlinsville, Lancaster county. Her paternal grandparents were Rev. Henry and Magdelina (Hostetter) Shenk, of Lancaster county. Her grandfather was a Mennonite preacher, and was 1374 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY engaged in farming on a very considerable scale. Her maternal grandfather was Joseph Nissley, who married a Miss Sherk, both of Lancaster county. Henry S. Musser remained with his parents until he was married, when he established himself on his present farm, where he has met that success that fitly attends unwearied industry and wise economy. When he was eighteen years of age he attended the State Normal at Millersville one year, and is well prepared for the practical duties of life. His farm comprises ninety acres of choice land, thoroughly cultivated and presenting a fine appearance to the critical eye. There he keeps fifteen cows, and car- ries on modern farming with good returns from his labors. Living four miles from Columbia, he keeps in close touch with the world, and is regarded as one of the progressive, broad-minded and leading men of the town. In politics he is a Republican. JAMES B. REILLY, who built, owns and con- ducts the "St. Charles Hotel" at Atlantic City, N. J., was not born m Lancaster, but he spent his boy- hood there, and his father resides in the place, and is one of the city's most prominent men. Michael Reilly, the father, came from Ireland to America many years ago, and waslong a railroad contractor, besides engaging in many other enter- prises. For a time he was sole owner of the Quar- ryville railroad, and as an individual, purchased the farm which through his efforts has since become the beautiful Conestoga Park of Lancaster. He has made his impress on many important affairs in the community. Michael Reilly married Miss Anna Maria McGovern, daughter of the late Thomas McGovern, also a heavy contractor. This union was blessed with a family of several children, four of whom are living; James B., proprietor of the "St. Charles Hotel" at Atlantic City; John, assist- ing his brother James B. ; and Frank and Charles, at home in Lancaster. James B. Reilly was born in Belvidere, N. J., his father being engaged in contract work there at the time. He spent his younger days in Lancaster, and was educated in its public schools. His first mercantile venture was in the coal business, but he abandoned that to engage in the contracting business with his father. No contractors were bet- ter known than McManus & Reilly, and James B., as a member of the firm, took an active part in its affairs. A great deal of work was done for the Pennsylvania Railway Company, but many other large undertakings were also carried through dur- ing the thirteen years of active operation.. In i8g6 Mr. Reilly bought nine acres of land at Atlantic Cit}', and began the great task of erect- ing fifty buildings, of which the magnificent "St. Charles" forms a leading part. With the exception of the hotel Mr. Reilly has disposed of nearly all the property. St. Charles Place of which Mr. Reilly was projector, builder and owner, comprises one of the finest parts of this famous sea side resort. Mr. Reilly was married, in 1881, to Miss Mary E. Bryant, daughter of the late Daniel Bryant, known as America's most famous minstrel, and whose hall years ago in New York was the center of amusement for all classes of citizens. Seven children have been born to this union, all of whom are living: Bryant, James and Charles attending Mount St. Mary's College at Emmitsburg, Md..; and Anna Marie, Helen, Bessie and Richard, at home. HARVEY B. NISSLEY. Though born in Carroll county, Maryland, this prominent and suc- cessful young mechanic of Silverspring, Lancaster county, is the representative of an old family of the. latter county. His par-ents, John W. and Fayette (Berry) Nissley, were both natives of Lancaster county and his paternal grandfather, Abraham Niss- ley, was one of the sturdy agriculturists of the same county nearly a century ago. John W. Nissley was born in 1822 and in his native county married Miss Fayette Berry, whose parents were residents of Conoy township. John W. Nissley learned and followed the trade of cabinet-maker and carpenter. Tie went to Maryland about 1855. but returned to Lancaster county in 1877 for three years. His wife died at Iron\rille, Pa., in that year, aged fifty-five years. To John and Fayette Nissley were born two children, Penrose, who died in Ironville, Pa., De- cember, 1898, and Harvey B. Returning from Maryland a second time, John Nissley now resides in Millersburg, Dauphin Co., Pennsylvania. Harvey B. Nissley was born Feb. 10, 1868. He was nine years of age when he came with his parents from Maryland to Lancaster, their native county. Self-reliant and active in temperament, he two )'^ears later, at the age of eleven years, began working out on farms, continuing until he was seventeen; Deciding to learn the blacksmith trade, he began and completed a three years' apprenticeship with Gideon Smith at Silverspring. The young jour- ne_vman then started out for a little experience. He worked at his trade for a year at Lititz, then with commendable assurance opened up for himself at Moore's Mill, Rapho township, a shop which he successfully conducted for three years. In the light of experience thus gained, the place of his appren- ticeship offered attractions and accordingly in 1891 he began business at his present stand in Silver- spring. Trade has grown steadily and his custom stands faithfully by him, for he is an excellent me- chanic, makes fast friends and keeps well informed, both in matters pertaining to his trade and in issues of general moment. He has risen to com- mand the high esteem of his fellow citizens and is becoming one of the public-spirited leaders of the township. Mc. Nissley married March 7, 1889, at Colum- bia, Pa., Miss Mary G. McCune, and to them have been born four children, Maud, Lester, Blanche and Jennie, all living. Mrs. Nissley was born in Silver- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1875 spring in July, 1870, the daughter of Daniel and Susan McCune, now residents of Silverspring. The father was born in 1840 and the mother in 1842. Five children were born to Daniel and Susan Mc- Cune, namely: Emma, deceased wife of Andrew Bard ; Frank, of Ironville ; Mary G., wife of Harvey B. Nissley ; Webster, a telegraph operator at Silver- spring; and Laura, deceased. In politics Harvey B. Nissley is a stanch Repub- lican. He is prominent in the fraternal orders as a member of the I. O. R. M., of the Knights of the Mystic Chain and of the Knights of Malta. WALTER F. AI^BRIGHT. In reviewing the records of a number of L-ancaster's enterprising bus- iness men we find that they have succeeded to in- dustries established by their fathers, and have, by their upright dealings and keen sagacity, added prestige to honored family names. An instance of this kind is afforded by the record of Walter F. Al- brig;ht, whose flourishing bakery business was es- tablished by his father, Frederick A. Albright, and by him carried through its early days of doubtful success until placed upon a substantial and profita- ble basis. As a boy Frederick A. Albright learned the whitesmith's trade and followed it for a time, but the demand for such workers being limited he found it necessary to seek a new field of employment. Ac- cordingly he went to New Jersey, where he worked in a shovel and pitchfork manufactory. His next location was in Chester county. Pa., where he was employed as stove finisher in a foundry. He was subsequently employed in the railroad shops at Co- lumbia, which were then carried on by the State. Coming to Lancaster in 1857, he engaged in the grocery, flour, grain and feed business, and in 1861 turned his attention to the bakery trade. For thirty years he conducted a prosperous business, keeping several delivery wagons in constant use and gain- ing the patronage of a large number of people. Finally, when advanced in years, he retired in favor of his son, Walter F., and from that time forward lived in retirement from business cares, dying Aug. 4, i8g2, when seventy-one years of age. Though a stanch Republican he never sought. office,' and the only position he ever consented to fill was that of councilman, in which capacity he served for two terms. In religion he was connected with the Mo- ravian Church. To his marriage with Sarah C. Auxer, who resides in Lancaster, there were born five children, viz.: Charles, who died when nine years old, Mary, Mrs. Benjamin Sides, who died when thirty; Walter F., of Lancaster; Sallie (de- ceased), who married Valentine Werkheiser, a well- known wholesale grocer of Lancaster; and Freder- ick, who was two years old at the time of his death. Walter F. Albright was born Oct. 14, 185 1. When a boy he learned the baker's trade under his father's' careful oversight, and remained an employe of the concern until, on his father's retirement, the business was turned over to him. He thoroughly understands every department of the work, and his three wagons are kept in con- stant service, delivering orders, to his customers. Like his father, he is a believer in Republican prin- ciples, and, like him, too. he does not care for offi- cial position. Fraternally he is connected with the Eagles and the Elks. At Mt. Nebo, Lancaster county, in February, 1876, Mr. Albright married Barbara Garrett. The only child of their union, Dazy M., is now the wife of John Musser, a broker and brick and tile manufacturer. Mrs. Albright was born in Conestoga township, this county, daugh- ter of Henry and Nancy Garrett, for many years leading residents of that township. Among the people of Lancaster A'lr. Aljjright is recognized as an industrious and persevering business man, who richly merits the encouraging success of his projects, and has won the confidence of associates by up- rightness of life and energy of disposition. MICHAEL M. KAUFFMAN, an experienced and thriving young farmer of West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, was born Sept. 2, 1868, at the home he stili occupies, and is a son of Henry S. and Anna G. (Musser) Kauflfman, the former of whom was also born on a part of the present farm, and the latter near Silverspring in an adjacent part of the township ; they did not, however, as man and wife, make the farm their permanent home until 1863. There the father, Henry S. Kauffman, fol- lowed his vocation of farming the remainder of his life, dying Oct. 9, 1883, when forty-two years old, and there the mother passed away, Aug. 17, 1899, at the age of fifty-nine years, both in the faith of the Dunkard Church, and the remains of both were interred near Silverspring. They were the parents of two children, Michael M., and Amos G., the latter still unmarried and residing with his brother. The paternal grandparents of Michael M. Kauff- man were Michael and Anna Kauflfman, both natives of Lancaster county, the former of whom was a substantial farmer and was twice married ; the ma- ternal grandfather, Michael S. Musser, also a na- tive of Lancaster county, married a Miss Garber and died in West Hempfield township. On March 4, 1890, in York county, Pa., Michael N. Kauifman married Miss Agnes Gohn, who has borne him one son, Henry G. Mrs. Agnes (Gohn) Kauffman was born two miles from Wrightsville, York county, April 18, 1868, and is a daughter of John D. and Sarah (Strickler) Gohn. John D. Gohn was a well-to-do farmer, and died in January, 1893, when forty-nine years old, his wife died in Decem- ber, i8q7, at the age of forty-eight years, both in the faith of the Dunkard Church, their remains being interred in Strickler's (private) burying ground. The children born to John D. and Sarah Gohn were seven in number and named as follows : Tillie, who was married to Jacob Walck, a farmer of York coun- ty; Agnes, Mrs. Kauffman; Clara, wife of Charles 1376 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Kinard, also a farmer in York county; Menotti, a school teacher in York county; Sally, living with Mrs. Kauffman in West Hempfield township, Lan- caster county ; Enos and May, both deceased. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Agnes Kauff- man were John and Magdalena (Dellingar) Gohn, farming people of York county ; the maternal grand- parents were John and Sarah (Stoner) Strickler, also of York county, where Sarah Strickler died some years ago, but where John Strickler, who is a retired farmer, is still living at the age of eighty- seven years. There is reason to believe that the family name was not Gohn originally, but John, and was changed to suit the convenience or whim of one of its early members. Mr. Kauffman has a well-improved and fertile farm, and all its surroundings indicate the presence of an experienced and skillful manager, as it is a model in every detail and is one of the best culti- vated places of its dimensions in the county. Mr. Kauffman is a member of the Dunkard Church and in politics is a Republican. MRS. BARBARA HOWARD. Among the well-known residents of East Lampeter township, is Mrs. Barbara Howard, widow of the late Levi Howard, whose death took place Nov. 13, 1894. Mrs. Howard was born in Millport, Lancaster coun- ty) July 25, 1829, a daughter of the late John and Magdalena (Neiif) Lefever, and a twin sister of George N. Lefever. When but two years of age, Mrs. Howard was bereaved by the death of her devoted mother, and thus knew little of maternal care. She was educated in the schools of the district, and grew to woman- hood under the protection of a fond father. On Jan. 4, 1849, she married the late Benjamin Diffen- bach, and to this union were bom : John, born Nov. 5, 1850, whose residence is not known ; Frank- lin, born Nov. 11, 1854, who is the trusted night watchman in the business house of S. R. Moss & Co., in Lancaster ; Amanda, born July 28, 1856, and now the wife of Martin Kreider ; and Emma Louisa, born Jan. 28, 1859, and now Mrs. Amos B. Landis. The father of these children died Jan. 5, i860. On Dec. 24, 1865, Mrs. Diffenbach married Levi Howard, and to this union two daughters were born : Mary Catherine a most estimable lady, is noted for her tact and business ability ; and Elizabeth, born Nov. 18, 1866, died in November, 1869. The death of Mr. Howard, on Nov. 13, 1894, was a great be- reavement, but Mrs. Howard is a pious. Christian lady and bears her sorrows with resignation. In the Old Mennonite Church she is highly valued, and in the neighborhood she is known as kind and charit- able, and worthy of the highest esteem. ALBERT L. GALLAGHER, chief deputy sheriff of Lancaster count}% has for years past been a prominent and popular figure about the court- house. His grandfather, Anthony Gallagher, came to America in 181 1, and settled in Donegal township, this county, spending the remainder of his days en- gaged in farming, in that township and in Rapho. John Gallagher, son of Anthony, was a farmer of Rapho township, and died in 1890, aged eighty-four years. He married Sarah Lutz, daughter of Jacob Lutz, a well-known citizen of Petersburg. She en- tered into rest in 1887, aged sixty-nine years. This worthy couple had nine children, seven of whom are living: Mary, wife of Rufus H. Hippie, a teacher of Rapho ;' Samuel, of Rapho, now living re- tired ; Emanuel, m the Lebanon bolt works ; Sarah^ wife of Henry Bradley, of Columbia; Amos, em- ploy.ed in the Penns)'lvania Steel Works, at Steel- ton ; Eli, a merchant tailor of Latonia, Ohio ; and Albert L., chief deputy sheriff of Lancaster county. Albert L. Gallagher was born in Rapho town- ship March 5, 1862, and was educated in the piiblic schools of the district, in Mt. Joy high school, and in Lebanon Valley College. Leaving college, Mir. Gal- lagher became a public school teacher, teaching in West Hempfield township for nine years, and then passing the Civil service examination, he entered the United States Mail service, running from New York to Pittsburg. In 1894 he was appointed deputy- sheriff of Lancaster county, arid has continued in that office ever since, having served under Sheriffs- Hershey and Myers, and the present capable official,. Sheriff McMichael. It is needless to say that he has performed the responsible duties of his posi- tion to his own credit and that of his superiors, as- well as to the entire satisfaction of the public. Mr. Gallagher married Miss Emma Weaver, daughter of the late John K. Weaver, a contracting- painter, of Silver Spring, and two children have been born of this union : Estella, at home ; and Paul, at school. Mr. Gallagher belongs to the Jr. O. U. A. M., the Knights of Malta, the Artisans, the Elks- and the Masons. In religious connection he is a mem- ber of St. Paul's Reformed Church. Politically as may be inferred, he has been an active and stanch Re- publican ever since he has been a voter. Wherever foimd, in his office, in his social organizations, in- political circles or in his home, he is a manly man.. PETER R. BECK. Mr. Beck, who is a flag- man in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, resides in Columbia, and was born in Lititz, Lancaster county, Sept. 7, 1865. He is a great-grandson of Daniel Beck, and a grandson of John Beck, both of that county. His grandfather, whose wife's maiden name was Susan Beck, was a millwright, as was his father, whose baptismal name- was Daniel. Daniel Beck (2) died in February, 1886, at the age of fifty-six years. His death resulted from the bite of a rabid dog, and occurred in a hospital in Lancaster, whither he had been taken for treatment. Peter R. Beck's mother was born in 1829, and named Rebecca Miley. She is still living in Columbia, and' IS an earnest member of St. John's Lutheran Church. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1377 She is of German descent on the paternal side, her father and grandfather, both of whom were named Matthias, having emigrated from Germany, the younger in early life. Both were bricklayers. The elder Miley, who married Barbara Off in the Father- land, settled in Lititz, and his son at Lexington. The latter soon after coming to these shores married Mary Ampriester, of Philadelphia. Mr. Beck is the sixth of a family of ten children. His eldest brother, William H., is a resident of Perryville, Md., Mary L., the second born, married John Wilson, a railroad engineer, and lives in Co- lumbia. Matilda C. is the wife of Joseph Eves, of the same place. Emanuel, another brother, ^vas formerly a railroad conductor, but having lost both hands in a railroad accident, is now living in retire- ment, at Lancaster. Reuben D. is also a railway con- ductor, and has his home at Philadelphia. Sarah S. married Fred Beaver of Columbia, and Herman, the youngest brother, resides in that town. Kate is the wife of Jacob Palmer, and Anna died in infancy. The first thirteen years of Mr. Beck's life were passed upon a farm. Coming to Coluinbia, he be- gan work in his brother's cigar store, and later found employment as a huckster. On May i, 1885, he en- tered the employ of the Reading Railroad Company, as a brakeman, and afterward was fireman. Two and one-half years later he left the Reading for the Pennsylvania : for four years he worked as a brake- man, and has smce then held the position of flag- man. He belongs to the Brotherhood of Railway Trainman, and his politics are those of the Demo- cratic party. Mr. Beck- was married, July 28, 1887, to Miss Julia Dunbar, of Columbia. They have twp chil- dren, Emma A . and William D. Mrs. Beck was born in November, 1869. Her father was William, a son of Thomas Dunbar, of Lancaster county. Her mother, before marriage, was Elizabeth Beveridge, and her maternal grandparents were Robert and Eliza Beveridge. William Dunbar was born Nov. 3, 1849, and is assistant yardmaster at Columbia. His first wife was born in Ireland, and died in 1875, in her thirty-sixth year. Mrs. Beck is their eldest child. Mary J., the second daughter, is deceased, and Carrie W., the youngest, is the wife of Henry Rasbridge of Columbia. After the death of Mrs. Beck's mother, her father married again, his second wife being Ella Hoffmaster. To this union have been born seven children : William H., of Philadel- phia; Cora M., Mrs. Clayton Clay, of Mountville; Mary F., the wife of George Smith, of Columbia; Rebecca B., Edith I., Alford C. and Robert, all of whom are unmarried and live with their parents. LEMAN BROTHERS, the enterprising pro- prietors of the Y. M. C. A. shoe store, North Queen street, Lancaster, are grandsons of the late Henry E. Leman, whose rifles carried the name of Lan- caster to all parts of the United States and even to Europe, as Leman's Rifle Works of Lancaster 87 turned out rifles for the United States Governmerlt for years. No man's name was more familiar to the people than that of the late Henry E. Leman, and no shoe store is better known in the city than that of his grandsons, Reuben Johns Leman and Herbert Dubois Leman, doing business under the name of Leman Brothers. Plenry E. Leman, Jr., father of Leman brothers, is a retired farmer living at Mechanicsburg. He married Lizzie A. Johns, a daughter of the late Reuben B. Johns, who died at Bareville in the sum- mer of 1 90 1, aged eighty-one years. Three chil- dren were born of this union, one of whom died in early childhood. The survivors are the enterprising young men who established, on April i, 1901, the thoroughly up-to-date Y. M. C. A. shoe store on North Queen street. Reuben Johns Leman was born in Lancaster, Nov. 7, 1876, and, after studying for a time in the public schools, attended the Yeates Institute, in Lan- caster, and the West Chester State Normal School. Upon leaving the latter institution he entered a gen- eral merchandise store at Mechanicsburg, where he remained three years, and then entered the shoe busi- ness at Wilkesbarre. After spending eight months there he came to Lancaster, and, associated with his brother, Herbert Dubois Leman, established the elegant shoe store in the new Y. M. C. A. building. Herbert Dubois Leman was born in Lancaster Feb.- 1, 1879, and was educated in the public schools, Yeates Institute, and Weidler's Business College. He was only seventeen years old when he entered the business world, and at eighteen was acting post- master at Mechanicsburg, his father having received his appointment as postmaster from President Mc- Kinley. The father practically turned the office over to his son, Herbert Dubois, who was perhaps the youngest acting postmaster in the United States, certainly the youngest 01 whom we have any knowl- ■ edge. Both of the brothers were fully equipped by edu- cation and experience for the responsible under- taking of establishing a shoe store of such magni- tude as that of the Y. M. C. A. store, and theirsuc- cess has been phenomenal. Their store is known, literally, to every one in the community, and the reputation of the proprietors for integrity, good judgment and big values to patrons extends all over the great county of Lancaster. MILTON S. ROHRER was born Oct. 14, 1861, on the farm in East Lampeter township, which he now occupies and cultivates. Jacob H. Rohrer, his father, was also born on the old homestead, in 1821, and remained there until 1868, wlien he moved to Greenfield Station. There he commenced dealing in agricultural implements, being one of the first to introduce some of the most modern machinery. He has also been a drover, bringing cattle, hogs, etc., from Chicago, and he has engaged in tobacco raising, and has alSo 1378 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY been quite an extensive dealer and packer of to- bacco. In politics Mr. Rohrer is a stanch Repub- lican, and he has held the offices of school director, prison inspector, and poor director. He is one of Lancaster county's most respected citizens, known among his neighbors as a man of truthfulness and honesty. He married Miss Maria Shaffer, daugh- ter of Adam Shaffer, and they are the parents of eleven children: Elizabeth, wife of John L. Krei- der ; Adam, who died at Mechanicsburg ; Annie, de- ceased wife of Benjamin Kreider; Mary, who died unmarried : Abraham, a farmer of Binkley's Bridge ; Susan, wife of Abraham Herr; Amanda, wife of Jacob Burkhart ; Jacob, a farmer of Kinzers ; Aaron, a farmer of East Lampeter; Milton S., our subject; and Emma, wife of John Buckwalter. Milton S. Rohrer left the old home when he was about seven years of age, and went to live with his sister for five years. He was then at home with his father again, and there he remained until he was twenty-two years of age. He acquired his education in the public schools of the county. On Jan. 31, 1884, Mr. Rohrer wedded Miss Emma, daughter of John R. and Elizabeth Kreider, and to this union have been born three children as follows : Lizzie, Elam and Ada, all at home. After his marriage, Mr. Rohrer returned to the old home- stead, where he has given his whole attention to farming. He and his wife are both members of the Old Mennonite Church. Mr. Rohrer is an enter- prising man, and is regarded as one of the valued citizens of the community in which he makes his home. HARRY HAWTHORNE MOORE, warden of the Lancaster County Prison, presents in his own career a remarkable illustration of what character and intelligence, conjoined with integrity and in- dustry, may accomplish in the making of a. man. Henry Moore, his father, was a farmer in Lan- caster county. On Nov. 5, 1849, he married Mary Ann Hawthorne, daughter of George Hawthorne, who was among the early settlers of Donegal, and of Scotch-Irish descent.' They celebrated their Golden Wedding in 1899, and are now living in re- tirement at Mountville. They had seven children: George, the eldest, died at twenty years of age; Anna C. is the wife of John C. Forey of West Hemp- field ; Sarah Jane and Mary are unmarried and at home; Elizabeth is the wife of Roland Greiner, a farmer of Upper Leacock township; Harry Haw- thorne; and John Grant, married Elsie Cooper, of Akron. Harry Hawthorne Moore was born in West Hempfieid township, July 31, 1862. Until he was ten years of age he attended district school, and then he began helping his father on the farm at Colum- bia, remaining at home until he was twenty-one years of age. At that time he began to learn the auctioneering business with William Evans, of Lititz, with whom he spent much of the time for the next five years, but continued to help on the farm. At the age of twenty-two, he was elected assessor of Warwick township, being re-elected six times in succession. When he was twenty-nine years of age he was appointed second underkeeper of the Lan- caster county prison, where he served for three years. His next engagement was as auctioneer with the Real Estate Excliange and Improvement Co. In 1896 he was a candidate for prison keeper, and in a heated contest was defeated by the late Jacob S. Smith. In May of that year, Mr. Moore became one of the proprietors of the real estate exchange, the firm being Moore & Rudy. On May i, 1898, Mr. Moore was appointed Prison Keeper to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Mr. Smith, and in November of that year was elected for a term of three years without dissent. He became a candidate for re-election at the March primary in 1901, was nominated without opposition, and was re-elected at the November election, beginning the duties of his third term of three years in January, 1902. Mr. Moore withdrew from the real estate business in 1899, and has since devoted his entire energies to prison M^ork, securing the accomplishment of re- forms that before had never been so much as at- tempted. Better sanitary conditions were brought about at a trifling expense to the county, while the morale of the Institution was greatly elevated. During the summer of 1900 Mr. Moore devoted much time and labor to the improvement of the prison park, which had been thrown open to the public by the removal of the fences, and has made it one of the prettiest spots in the State. To add to the improvement of the eastern section of the city, Mr. Moore built seven handsome houses on King street in the late summer and fall of 1900. On Dec. 6, 1887, Mr. Moore was married to Ella Louisa, daughter of Samuel and Mary E. Stark, of Lititz, where the former was a well-known cigar box manu- facturer. Mr. Moore belongs to the I. O. O. F., American Mechanics, Knights of the Golden Eagle, and takes an active interest in all of them. He is a lover of humanity, and is deeply interested in every uplifting movement of the present time, displaying much sympathy and a wise helpfulness for the un- fortunates under his charge in the Lancaster County Prison. MARTIN SHAUBACH, a thrifty young farm- er of Providence township, Lancaster courity, was born Feb. 17, 1875, son of Andrew and Christina (Worth) Shaubach, of Strasburg township. Andrew Shaubach, the father, was a son of An- drew Shaubach, a farmer of this township also, and he became the father of six children, as follows: Amos ; Reuben ; Andrew ; Annie, who married Jacob Harnish, of Strasburg township ; Maggie, the wife of Adam Plaring, of Leacock township ; and Martin. Andrew Shaubach was a consistent member of the German Baptist Church. He was an excellent farmer and an honorable and reliable citizen. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1379 Martin Shaubach was reared on the home farm and acquired his education in the common schools. He learned the carpenter's trade at the age of eight- een years, followed the same for some four years, and then resumed farming. When he started out on his own account he was dependent upon his own endeavors, and that he has succeeded unusually well is proved by his present possession of a fine farm, comprisinsj; 152 acres of well improved land, with first-class buildings — a farm which is generally rec- ognized as the best in Providence township. His industry and energy have been well rewarded. In politics Mr. Shaubach is a Republican. Although not a member of any religious organization, he is liberal in his support of moral, charitable and be- nevolent enterprises in his locality, and is regarded as a man of sterling worth. On Nov. 12, i8g6, Mr. Shaubach was united in marriage to Miss Annie ]\I. Rohrer, born April 17, 1878, daughter of Levi and Hattie (Shaub) Rohrer, of West Lampeter township, both of whom still sur- vive. Mr. and Mrs. Rohrer have had children as follows : Miss Elizabeth, residing at home ; Annie M., Mrs. Shaubach ; Plattie, who married William Killian, of East Lampeter township ; Emma, who married Martin Bowman, of Lancaster county; Ida, who married Elmer Mickley, of Strasbiirg town- ship ; and Milo, who is deceased. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Shaubach, namely : Clara, Estella and Andrew, the second of whom passed away when but one year old. Both Mr. Shaubach and his wife belong to old and honorable families of Lancaster county. They enjoy the respect of the neighborhood in which they live, and have a wide circle of warm personal friends. Their home is one of plenty and hospitality, and they are esteemed through Providence township. CHARLES A. WINOWER. Among the younger generation of business men in Lancaster, Charles A. W^inowei, painter and decorator, is one of the most promising and capable. He was born in this city, yUig. 31, 1876, a son of George V. and Jen- nie CMessenkop) Winower, and grandson of Peter J. and Catherine ( Vogt) Winower. The ancestry of his family is centered in Germany, whence his great-great-grandfatlier, John Peter, emigrated to the United States, in time to tender valuable service in the Revolutionary war. George V. Winower, the father of Charles A., was also a painter and decorator, and he was a mem- ber of the Lancaster police force for four years. He died Oct. 30, 1895, at the age of forty-nine years, and is buried in Woodward Hill cemetery. His widow now lives in Lancaster. Their only child was Charles A. Mr. Winower learned the art of decorating under Charles Newell, with whom he became associated when fifteen years old, and with whom he has since continued to work. He is studious, and keeps abreast of the times, and is the possessor of a well selected library. He is a member of the Jr. O. U. A. M., and in politics is a Republican. In religion he is an Episcopalian. Mr. Winower has sound business judgment, is honest of purpose, and is blessed with the gift of application. JOHN WESLEY ANDERSON.' Among the prominent and well-known men who find a congen- ial home and prosperous business connections in Lancaster is John Wesley Anderson, the inventor and manufacturer, whose reputation extends far beyond the limits of his home city. William Wallace Anderson, his father, a farmer of York county. Pa., married Rachel Ann Thomp- son, a daughter of Jonathan Thompson; all lived and died in York county. William Wallace Ander- son and his wife had three children, two of whom survive : Harriet A., wife of Joseph Barber, a farm- er of York county; and John Wesley. John Wesley Anderson was born in York coun- ty. Pa., March 7, 1843, and after attending the pub- lic schools of his district began work on a farm, at the age of seventeen years, remaining so employed for the two following years. Then, realizing that his talents led in an entirely different direction, Mr. Anderson became an apprentice at the carpenter and wagonmaking trade, serving three years, after which he embarked in the carriage and wagon build- ing business for himself, carrying it on in York for six or seven years. With his brother Mr. Anderson then came to Lancaster county, locating at Me- chanics Grove, where they established the Anderson Manufacturing Company. In 1878 Mr. Anderson came to Lancaster and engaged in the manufacture . of carriage hardware specialties, having his works on Fulton street for four or five years. Then he be- came a partner with B. G. Dodge & Son, in the man- ufacture of hardware specialties, this partnership lasting for two years, when Mr. Anderson sold his interest to Dodge & Son. After traveling one year for that firm he established the National Manufac- turing Company, on Sherman street, in Lancaster, and continued for two years in that connection. However, all these years were fully occupied by Mr. Anderson, aside from the management of large business interests, in the invention and perfecting of many ingenious and useful articles, and although he has sold many he retains control of thirteen of his most important inventions, and has interested him- self in the establishment of a company for their special manufacture. Many of his earHer inventions are now considered invaluable, notably the popular "jump-seat" for vehicles; a bread and meat sheer which is regarded as the very best article of its kind now on the market; and a fuel-economizer, upon which he has three patents and of which he has sole control. Mr. Anderson has been twice married first to Miss Keziah M. Martin, a daughter of John I. Mar- tin, a farmer of Liberty Square. Three children were born to this marriage, but Mr. Anderson has 1380 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY been bereaved of two of them, one son dying at the age of nineteen months, arid Miss Ada, a popular school teacher of Lancaster county, passing out of life July I, 1901. The surviving son is Oliver N. Anderson, an artist and decorative paper hanger whose ability and taste are recognized far beyond the bounds of his native city, as he frequently receives calls from surrounding cities. Mrs. Anderson passed away Aug. 7, 1900, and on Oct. 31, 1901, Mr. Anderson was united in marriage to the estimable lady who now graces his pleasant home. The mar- riage ceremony which united Mr. Anderson and Mrs. Jennie M. Fairley, of Greenwich, N. Y., was performed by Rev. T. DeWitt Talmage, D. D., in Washington, D. C. Mrs. Anderson is a daughter of Gen. John R. McMurry, and was the widow of Hon. James M. Fairley, and a niece of Hon. Robert Black, ex-mayor of Brooklyn, N. Y. Both Mr. and Mrs. Anderson are prominent in social circles, and a de- lightful hospitality is dispensed at their beautiful home, at No. 146 East New street, Lancaster, which has been his residence for the past sixteen years. Mr. Anderson has been identified with much of the industrial development of Lancaster, and has always been a public-spirited and liberal citizen. WILLIAM PETER GORRECHT, one of the most popular members of the police force of Lan- caster, is a grandson of William Gorrecht, who lived and died in Lancaster, and belonged to a family which was among the early settlers of the locality. William Gorrecht, the grandfather, was an ex- tensive dealer in coal, at the corner of Lemon and Water streets, and died from, cholera in 1865. He le.ft a large estate, and the late Peter V. Gorrecht (father of William Peter) became the successor to the coal business, which he successfully carried on until 1877, when he entered into partnership with John Keller, under the firm name of John Keller & Co., coal dealers. Peter V. Gorrecht was a member of the common council from the Ninth ward for three j^ears ; of the select branch of the city councils for two terms, having been sent there by the Repub- licans of his district ; and was coal inspector for the city water works for ten years. He died June 20, 1901, in his sixty-fifth year. His wife, who was Miss Elizabeth M. Metzger, a daughter of John Metzger, is living near Lititz. Mr. Gorrecht is also survived by nine children, as follows : I. Forney, who is in the Elgin watch factory ; Maggie E., wife of John Dailey, in the restaurant business in New Haven, Conn.; Charles F., of Lancaster; Mary E., wife of Edw. Bowman, an employe of the city water works ; Howard H., inspector at the city water works ; Clarence B., a clerk ;N[;iara B. and Bessie B., of Lancaster : and William P. William P. Gorrecht was born in Lancaster March 2, 1859, and after being educated in the pub- lic schools, attended the State Normal School at Millersville for a time. After leaving the Normal Mr. Gorrecht became a foreman for Keller & Co., coal dealers, remaining in that position seventeen years, after which, he accepted a position with the late John Best, at his boiler works, remaining with him until April 2, 1900, when he was appointed a member of the police force, a position he has filled with credit to himself and to the satisfaction of the public. He has one son, Herbert A., an employe of the Lancaster silk mills. Mr. Gorrecht is a member of the First Reformed Church, in politics is a stanch Republican, and fraternally belongs to the Golden Eagles ; he also belongs to the Philadelphia Casualty Company. Faithful in the discharge of his duty, pleasant in manner, upright in his dealings, Mr. Gorrecht has made many friends, and is highly es- teemed throughout the city. DAVID K. HARTMAN, one of the enterpris- ing and progressive residents of East Lampeter township, was born there March 23, 1866, and is of German descent. Henry Hartman, his father, came from Germany when he was twenty-two years of age, and located first in New Jersey, afterward moving to Lancaster county, where he settled. He followed lime burn- ing here all his life. Politically he was a Democrat, and took quite an active part in politics, holding the ofiice of county commissioner for some time. He was a member of the Free Masons Lodge in Lancas- ter count)', and in religion was a member of the Old ^lennonite Church. He married Miss Catherine Krantz, and they were the parents of the following chddren: Annie, wife of John Roth; Kate, wife of Jerris Delong; Mary, wife of Levi Bixler; Henry, deceased; David K., our subject; Christian, who was killed on the Pennsylvania railroad ; Jacob, who lives on the old homestead; and John, a con- tractor and builder of Lancaster City. David K. Hartman received his education in the local public schools, and has always remained on the old place, engaged at farming. He is also in- terested in the coal business with Hartman Bros., and by well directed industry and strict attention to business has succeeded in placing himself in comfortable circumstances. He has an honorable standing in his community, both for his evident business ability and for his genuine worth as a man. On Dec. 15, 1887, Mr. Hartman wedded Miss Lida Hoar, daughter of John Hoar, Soudersburg, and to this union have been born eight children, four of whom died in infancy ; Harry, Clarence and Elsie, are at home; and William, a bright little lad of ten years, met his death by accident in April, 1 90 1. He was playing near a keg of powder, when it exploded, and burned him so badly that he lived only twenty-eight hours. MILTON L. SWARR, one of the substantial farmers of Fast Hempfield township, is located mid- way between East Petersburg and Landisville, and successfully conducts his farm of eighty-seven and BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1381 one-half acres— the old homestead which has been in the possession of the family for several- genera- tions. Milton L. Swarr was born March 31, 1868, on the larm adjoining his present place, son of Mar- tin P. and Maria (Landis) Swarr, the latter a •daughter of Rev. John B. Landis, of East Petersburg. Mrs. Swarr still survives, but the father passed away March 9, 1895, in his fiftieth year. He had been a successful farmer, and came into possession of the old home place in 1884, remaining there until his death. His Hfe was filled with good deeds, and lie was identified with a number of public trusts, being a stockholder and a director in the Farmers' National Bank of Lancaster, and a director in the. Lancaster and Elizabethtown Pike Co. A consist- ent member of the Old Mennonite Church, he was valued there for his many traits of true Christian character. For some time he served as a member of the board of Education in the township, and was also its capable auditor. The four children "born to Martin P. and Maria Swarr were : Salome L., widow of Phares S. Aungst ; Milton L. ; Harry L., who resides at home with his mother and sister ; and Martin L., who lives with Milton L. Milton L. Swarr was educated in the public schools, and began farming on his own account in 1891, selecting a tract of land in East Lampeter township, where he remained until the spring of 1896. He then returned to the old homestead, which he has since operated, and he succeeded his father also as director in the Lancaster and Elizabethtown Turnpike Co. The marriage of Milton L. Swarr, on Aug. 18, 1890, was to Minnie S. Cassel daughter of Jeremiah G. Cassel, of Penn township. A son, Harry M., was born to them Jan. 10, 1896; a daughter, Elsie, died at the age of four years. Both Mr. Swarr and his estimable wife are members of the Old Mennon- ite Church, where they are highly esteemed. HENRY GOOS, the proprietor of the bread and cake bakery, at No. 16 North Shippen street, Lancaster, comes of an excellent German family, and his name has been prominently associated with the baking business in that city for more than half a centurv. Frederick Goos. the father of Henry, came to this countrv from Germany when eighteen years old. Landing at Philadelphia, he remained there some time, and then came to Lancaster. For seven years he was engaged in the Steward's department of the State Normal School at Millersville, when he went to learn the baking business with his brother Lawrence, whose arrival in this country preceded that' of Frederick, and who was then conducting a 'successful baking trade at Lancaster. Having finished his apprenticeship, Frederick Goos started a bakerv on West King street, where he remained i)ut a few months, as he purchased property on North Oueen street, where he moved, and where he successfully conducted his business until his death. He accumulated considerable property, and his estate is still in the possession of his widow. Mr. Goos married Miss Wolf, daughter of Philip Wolf, of Lancaster. Her mother died only a few years ago, at the advanced age of ninety years. To this marriage were born seven children, five of whom are living: Henry; Miss Louisa; Charles,' married, but living with his mother ; and Frederick Charles, a baker, and Anna Mary, both unmarried and living at home. Henry Goos was born in Lancaster, and attended the public schools until he reached the age of eleven years, at which time he became an apprentice in his father's bakery, where he remained until he was twenty-two years old. At that time he worked as a journeyman baker in other shops, continuing this until 1892. That year he was elected boss baker to the Lancaster County Prison, a position he held for five years, and was re-elected for a sixth term, but his resignation soon followed. He then took charge of a bakery business in Baltimore, and also engaged in the insurance business but later re- turned to Lancaster and took possession of the bak- ery on North Shippen street, where he is found en- gaged in a very good business at this time. On Feb., 6, 1888, Mr. Goos was married to Susan Rhoads, daughter of Abraham Rhoads, a farmer of Eden township. Mr. and Mrs. Goos, with no chil- dren of their own, have opened their hearts and home to young relatives, upon whom they have bestowed the care of parents. Mr. Goos is of an inventive turn of mind, and has invented a number of useful articles. The most notable one, and one that he has patented, was the Improved Game. of Checkers, the first innovation on the old game of checkers that had been made for hundreds of years, making it possible to. play what is known as Naval, Military or Political checkers. This game has had quite a sale, and is on the market to-day. Mr. Goos is a member of the Order of Mystic Chain, the Golden Eagle and the Daughters of Naomi, and his circle of friends and acquaintances is extensive. WILLIAM C. SAPP, one of the leading mer- chants of Lancaster, engaged in the wholesale and retail furniture business at Nos. 41 and 43 South Queen street, is not only prominent in the furniture trade, but has added much to the material growth of Lancaster in the remodeling and erection of its residences. Mr. Sapp's ancestors came to America from Germany. His father, the late Jacob Sapp, was a contracting house carpenter, and was for years in the service of the Pennsylvania Railway Com- pany. His mother was Miss Anna Sides, daughter of the late Jacob Sides, a farmer of Strasburg. Nine children were born to their union of whom three are living- William C, our subject; Anna F., widow of L. R. Rote; and Mabel, wife of Charles Myers, an upholsterer, of Washington, D. C. 1882 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY William C. Sapp was born on the old homestead in Strasburg, Feb. i6, 1858, and was educated in the public schools of Lancaster. Leaving school he became apprenticed to house carpentering, with his father, working at that trade for five years, after which he became a traveling salesman for a New York house, continuing in that line until 1885, when he embarked in the furniture trade. Opening an establishment at the corner of South Queen and Vine streets, he remained there one year, at the end of which time the increase of trade demanded more room, and we next find him in the building now oc- cupied by Mr. Watson, the undertaker. Three years in that location and another place of business became a necessity to meet the requirements of the trade; hence his removal to his present commodious quar- ters at Nos. 41 and 43 South Queen street. Three delivery wagons are kept busy, at times to deliver the goods to Mr. Sapp's many patrons. Anything desired by customers which cannot be found in the immense and varied stock Mr. Sapp manufactures to order. Mr. Sapp remodeled the fine property at the corner of VVest Chestnut and Mary streets, which is now his home, as well as the equally fine mansion adjoining which he also owns; and he erected twelve modern houses on South Queen, South Prince and South Beaver streets. Mr. Sapp married Miss Amelia Peusch, daugh- ter of the late Frederick Peusch, a grocer of Lan- caster. No children have been born to this union. A member of the Elks, the Artisans, and the Trin- ity Lutheran Church, Mr. Sapp is welcomed in social and church circles; and in business circles he is regarded as among the foremost merchants of his age in Lancaster. Always at his post, prompt in all his dealings, and full of enterprise and pluck, he has won the success that has attended him be- cause he deserved it. JOSEPH E. HERTGEN, proprietor of the Lan- caster Lithographing and Box Company, with works covering a quarter of the block, is one of the bright and progressive young men of the city. B. Hertgen, his father, was born in Alsace-Lor- raine, and came to this country in early manhood. His wife, Mary Klingler, bore him four children, all born in this country, and all of them dead except Joseph E. The elder Hertgen, who was a stationary engineer, crossed the ocean half a dozen times. He died in July. 1898. Mrs. Hertgen makes her home with her only surviving child, who has a pleasant residence on East Orange street in this city. Joseph E. Hertgen was born in Boston, May 14, 1868, and in 1S71, accompanied his father and mother to Europe, where he attended school in Alsace for three years. At the expiration of that time the family returned to this country. In 1879 the family made a second voyage to Europe, young Hertgen again attending school in Alsace, this time for a period of two years. His father spent some part of these two years in the United States, then bringing his family back to Boston. There Joseph E. completed his school days and entered a store as a cash boy, where he worked for about nine months, and then secured a situation in a rope fact- ory where his father was an engineer. Leaving this place he went to New York City, and studied the art of lithographing, beginning at this business while still fourteen, and this has been his business to the present time. In 1892 he came to Lancaster and founded the Lancaster Lithographing Company, establishing it in the Foltz Building on East Chest- nut street. In this location he continued for five years, when his increasing business compelled him to seek more commodious quarters, which he found in the Long & Davidson Building on the same street. Two years in this location found him still needing room, and he secured the spacious quarters where he is found to-day, and where he has added to the lithographic business the manufacture of paper boxes. In the matter of-^lithographing, Mr. Hert- gen's work stands very high, and among his patrons are found men who are famous in mercantile circles in New York, Chicago and other large cities. In 1889 Mr. Hertgen was married to Miss Phil- opena Blum, daughter of Philip Blum, a contract- ing house carpenter of Jersey City Heights. To this union were born two children, Florence M. and Joseph J. Mr. Hertgen is a .member of St. Anthony's Catholic Church. He seeks no political office, belongs to no secret organizations, but devotes all his time to his family and his business. His success in life is evidence in itself that he has not only given steady, but intelligent, attention to his work in hand. BYRAM DOUTRICH, a stonemason and farmer of Paradise township, residing on his place at Vintage, was born in Berks county. Pa., son of David and Ellen (Hickman) Doutrich, both also natives of Berks county. The Hickmans were among the wealthiest residents of Berks county, and were of German origin, as were also the Doutrich family. They have all been farmers, and have been residents of America for over a hundred years. Jacob Doutrich, the great-great-grandfather of Byram, was the founder of the family in Lancaster county. John Doutrich was his son. Isaac Dout- rich, son of John, and grandfather of Byram, was a prosperous farmer of Berks county, where he stood high as a citizen and a man. He owned three good farms. He married a Haines. David Doutrich, father of Byram, was an ex- tensive farmer of Berks county, but he met with reverses, and died in very moderate circumstances. His name stands high as that of a leading citizen of Berks county and a representative Democr^it. Shortly before his death he removed into Lancaster county, where he died in 1859, in the sixty-ninth year of his age. His widow passed away in 1878^ at the age of sixty-six. They were the parents o| a numerous family, four of whom died in childhood : BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1383 David is a resident of Limeville ; Israel lives in the same place; Ephraim, an engineer,' is deceased; Elizabeth married Amos Goodland, of Berks county, and is deceased; Mary married John Myers, of Berks county, and is deceased; Jefferson is a resi- dent of Salisbury township; Catherine is the wife of Samuel Oberly, of Harristown, Lancaster coun- ty ; Jacob is a resident of Scotland ; Edward is over- seer of the Southern Home for Confederate Veter- ans, at Richmond, Va. ; Ellen, the widow of Mr. Moore, is a resident of Reading Pa. ; Byram is men- tioned below. Byram Doutrich was born Sept. 27, 1848, and was reared to a farm life, acquiring his educa- tion in the public school. Remaining at home until the age of twenty-three, he learned the milling trade. This not proving a pleasant work, Mr. Doutrich came back to the farm, where he later learned the brick and stone mason trade, which he followed in connection with farming. In 1859 he came to this county, where he has made his home to the present time. Mr. Doutrich also does work as a well digger, and as a bridge builder has been largely employed by the county as well as the Pennsyl- vania Railway Co. He has also worked as a carpen- ter and a blacksmith, and for three years was a deputy sheriff under Sheriff Myers. He is ready a.nd versatile, and keeps abreast with modern ideas. Mr. Doutrich was married, in 1868, to Miss Catherine, daughter of Christian Hess, of East Earl tovraship. Of their numerous family four died in childhood ; Martin is a farmer in Paradise town- ship ; Jacob is a resident of Lancaster ; Harry died in the spring of 1901 ; Emma is the wife of Harry Hacker, of Lititz ; Frank is a brakeman on the Penn- sylvania railroad; Isaac is a farmer of Paradise township ; Samuel is a fireman on the Pennsylvania railroad : Adam and Lydia are at home. The Dout- richs are connected with the Old Mennonite Church, and the among the highly esteemed residents of the county. JOHN H. EPLER, a well-known and repre- sentative citizen of Elizabethtown, belongs to an old and honored family of Lancaster and Dauphin counties. Mr. Epler was born Oct. 13, 1835, in Dauphin county, Pa., son of David M. and Catherine (Roth- rock) Epler, the former of whom was a native of Lancaster county, but in 1814 made his home in Dauphin county, where the remainder of his life was spent. David M. Epler was well known through his adopted county, and was identified with much of its public life. He was zealous in the cause of education and was one of the most earnest advo- cates of the free school system, serving as president of the board of education when that great system went into ooeration. Mr. Epler held many of the local offices and always lived an upright life, which enabled him to command the respect of his com- munity. His birth occurred early in the century, and after a useful life of eighty-one years he passed away in 1892. His wife, born in 181 5, preceded him to the grave in 1883. In 1866 he retired from farming activity, but was intelligently interested in public, local and neighborhood affairs until his death. The family born to David M. Epler and wife consisted of twelve children, namely: John H. ; Eliza Ann, who died at the age of twenty-one years ; Elizabeth, who married Moses Good; Margaret, who died in infancy; Mary, who married Abraham W. Nissley, of West Donegal township; Barbara, who married Joseph Peck, of Elizabethtown ; Jacob R., who is a farmer and politician of Dauphin coun- ty ; David M. and Catherine, who died young ; Ab- raham, who was killed by accident, in infancy; Lydia, who married Daniel C. Sweigart, a con- tractor and builder of Elizabethtown; and Emma, who married Joseph H. Goss, a tobacco farmer re- siding in Elizabethtown. The paternal grandparents of John H. Epler were John and Barbara (Moyer) Epler, the former of whom was born in Dauphin county, just over the Lancaster line, in 1774, but resided in Lancaster county until a few years after his marriage, when he returned to his old homestead in Dauphin coun- ty. Mrs. Barbara (Moyer) Epler was a daughter of Isaac Moyer, who was an artilleryman in the Revolutionary army. The Moyer family belonged in early days to Berks county, but later the family was founded by two brothers in Dauphin county, this branch becoming numerous and prominent. The maternal grandfather of John H. Epler was Henry Rothrock, of Lancaster county, who married a Weaver; both died in Dauphin county. Henry Rothrock was a son of Peter Rothrock, who lies buried south of Elizabethtown. John H. Epler attended the district schools, and was given as fair an education as the locality af- forded. He grew to manhood on the farm, and until he was lifty-two years of age followed agri- cultural pursuits. Prior to locating in Elizabeth- town, Mr. Epler served his township in many ways, his peculiar fitness making him eligible for all the local offices, in which he efficiently and reliably served for a number of years. From 1869 to 1888 he was justice of the peace, resigning when he be- came a resident of Elizabethtown, and two years had scarcely elapsed when he was elected to the same office for five years, and in 1900 he was ap- pointed. He has continued to discharge his duties with dignity and justice. While living on the farm he was interested in all agricultural enterprises and was an active member of the Grange. In politics Mr. Epler has been a lifelong Republican, casting his first vote for Fremont. With his family he be- longs to and generously supports the Lutheran Church. On Jan. 5, i860, in Elizabethtown, John H. Elper was married to Miss Anna Kaylor, and they became the parents of the following named chil- 1384 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY dren : David M., a farmer on the old Epler home- stead in Dauphin county which came into the family in 1767; J. Frank, traveling auditor for the Allen- town & Lehigh Valley Railroad; Elmer E., de- ceased ; Kate A., wife of Eli M. Kinzey, of Dauphin county; William H., a carpenter, living at home; and Emma L., wife of Joseph T. Carter, of Lan- caster. : Mrs. Epler belongs to well-known families of Dauphin county. Her father, Joshua Kaylor, was long a skilled carpenter in Dauphin county, and her mother, Barbara (Welker) Kaylor, was born and reared in the same county. •• CHARLES V. WACKER, proprietor of the Eagle Brewery, and a substantial business man of the city of Lancaster, was born there Jan. 27, 1857, son of Joseph and Mary Wacker. He is of German ancestry on both paternal and maternal sides, and his father was born in Germany, thence coming to the United States and settling in Lancaster, where hfe engaged in the brewing business until his retire- ment. He and his wife still make their home in Lancaster. Charles V. Wacker received his education in the public schools of his native city, receiving a good practical training. He has been a brewer through- out his active business life, and by his thorough familiarity with all the details of his, business, strict attention to the demands of the trade and honorable methods has made a success of his chosen line. His standing in the commercial circles of Lancaster is unquestioned. Mr. Wacker was married in Lancaster, Nov. 26. i88;H, to Miss Mary Johnson, daughter of Peter and Kate Johnson, and they have had three chil- dren, Mary, Cecilia, .and Loretta. The family at- tend St. Mary's Catholic Church, and Mr. Wacker is a member of St. Michael's Society and the Leo XIII Society. He is liberal in his political views, attaching himself to no party. . AMOS E. GARBER, a prominent and prosper- ous farmer of West Donegal township, was born Sept. 22. 1856, on the farm where his industrious and useful life has passed, son of John S. and Susan Garber. Mr. Garber was married Oct. 16, 1890, at the home of the bride, in Peiin township, to Lizzie P. Reist, and to them have come the following chil- dren: Florence R., Mary R., Jacob R., Susie R. and Paul R. Mrs. Lizzie P. (Reist) Garber was born in Penn township, in 1868, daughter of Jacob B. and Mary (Peifer) Reist. Her parents were both natives of Lancaster county and her father, who was born in 1844, is a retired farmer in Penn town- ship. Her mother was born in 1846. Both are members of the Mennonite Church. They have had the following children: Amelia P. married David Buckwalder, a farmer in Penn township ; Lizzie P. is noted above as the wife of Amos E. Garber; Amos P. died young; Mary P. married Abraham Mumma, a farmer in East Donegal township; Amanda P. married Hiram Witmer, a farmer in Penn township; Christian P. died young; Adeline P. married John Hershey, a farmer in Penn town- ship ; Emma P. married Monroe Metzler, a farmer in Penn township ; Susan P. and Minnie P. are at home with their parents. Mrs. Lizzie P. Garber's paternal grandparents were John and Mary (Brubaker) Reist, both Lan- caster county people, as were also her maternal grandparents. Christian and Elizabeth (Erb) Peifer. Amos E. Garber has spent his life on his pres- ent place, and is widely known as a hard-working and upright man, of fine character and inflexible honesty. Both himself and wife are members of the Mennonite Church, and in his political relations he is a Republican. ROBERT A.^ MORRISON. Among the lead- ing and representative farmers of Lancaster county Robert A. Morrison, of Little Britain township, takes a leading position. Mr. Morrison was born in Lancaster county, in Colerain township, Dec. 7, 1838. He was a son of Samuel and Abigail (Gor- don) Morrison, of Scotch-Irish origin, both natives of Colerain township. Grandfather -Samuel Morrison was a son of Ga- briel Morrison, who came from Ireland in i750> and located in Lancaster county. Pa., buying land in Colerain township. Samuel Morrison (i) was the father of these children: Alexander G., de- ceased, who was a minister in the Presbyterian Church ; Robert E., who was a clergyman of the Methodist Church, deceased ; Samuel ; James G., deceased ; Gabriel S., deceased ; Annie, the only daughter, deceased ; and Dr. John A., a physician, living in Chester county ; he is the only member of this family yet surviving, and has reached the age of eighty-seven years. Samuel Morrison (2) was born Dec. 9, 1804, and died in 1888. About 1830 he married Abigail Gordon, who died in 1852, leaving a family of six children: Wilham G., died in 1867; Alexander, a clergyman of the Presbyterian Church, died in 1896 : John H., of Chester county ; Robert A. ; and Frank and Morgan J., both deceased. Robert A. Morrison began his life on a farm and his interest has always centered in agricultural pur- suits. His present farm is one of the most valua- ble in this part of Lancaster county, vvhere he has made excellent improvements, has a comfortable dwelling and one of the most commodious barns in the township. Mr. Morrison is known to be an ex- cellent farmer and his methods are progressive and successful, his long attention to this line making him an authority on the usual subjects with which a successful farmer must be thoroughly acquainted. On Oct. 8, 1866, Robert A. Morrison was mar- ried to Miss Isabella W. Black, of Little Britain BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1385 township, born in 1848, a daughter of James and Margaret (Clark) Blaci<. The five children born to this union were: Harry E., who married Ada Patterson, of this township ; Annie ; Ruth A. ; Will- iam, who married Catherine Hayes, of Little Britain, where they live : and Minnie, who is at home. In politics Mr. Morrison is a Republican, and Is one ■of the leading members of the Union Presbyterian Church, of Colerain township, having long been one •of its elders. For the last fourteen years he has been school director in this township and has done much for the advancement of education in this lo- ■cality. As a citizen, neighbor, husband and father, Robert A. Morrison, is a worthy representative of this honored L.ancaster county family. REV. JOHN KOFILER (deceased) was born May 27, 1820, in Thompsontown, Juniata Co., Pa., and died at his home in New Holland, Lancaster Co., Pa., April 11, 1878. He was buried in the cem- etery attached to the Lutheran Church in New Hol- land. The parents of Rev. John Kohler were Andrew and Anna M. (Brennisholtz) Kohler, of Adams <:ounty, Pa., the former of whom was a miller by occupation. His death occurred in New Eerlin, LTnion Co., Pa. The children born to An- drew Kohler and his wife were as follows : Jacob, who died young; Rev. John; Andrew, a miller and later a merchant in Akron, Ohio ; William, a farmer in Jtmiata county ; Frederick, a merchant in Juniata county : Margaret, Mrs. Fisher, a widow, residing in New Berlin (her husband was a builder and con- tractor) ; Simon, a farmer of New Berlin, Pa. ; Augustus, who died when young, out West ; Thomas who died at the age of sixteen; and Ann M., who died young. All of the family have passed away with the exception of Mrs. Fisher. For many years Rev. John Kohler was a prom- ment man in Pennsylvania, occupying positions of responsibility in the church of his belief and in her educational institutions. His early rearing was on a farm, but at the age of sixteen years, by close ap- plication, he had prepared himself for entrance to Gettysburg College, and he studied faithfully until ordained a minister. His first location was in Will- iamsport. Pa., and in 185 1 he was transferred to New Holland, where he remained in the faithful discharge of his spiritual duties for fourteen years. Mr. Kohler was then placed in charge of the work at Trappe, Montgomery county, where he preached, the Word for ten years, after which he accepted a call to Stroudsburg, in Monroe county. This was an important charge, and there he remained nine busy years, leaving it only when called to be the principal of Muhlenberg College, at Allentown. Dr. Kohler continued his educational work for two years, and from there went to Mechanicsburg, where the last eight years of his ministry were passed. Few men have more fully lived up to the ideal Christian life than did Dr. Kohler, and great were the earthly compensations .to his faithfulness. He is remembered with deep affection and the in- fluence of his life is still felt among the people for whom he labored so long. On Feb. 6, 1846, in Mifflintown, Juniata Co., Pa., Rev. Mr. Kohler married Louisa A. Baum, the ceremony being performed by Rev. S. R. Boyer. To this union were born the following named chil- dren ; . Miss Emma J., residing at home ; Rev. Charles, a clergyman of the Lutheran . Church, at Cleveland, (5hio, married to Elizabeth Trucken- miller; Dr. John B., a physician in New Holland, married to Ella Storb ; Martin Luther, an attorney in Philadelphia, married to Josephine Royer; Anna M., at home ; Rev. Frederick, financial secretary of the Chicago Theological Lutheran Seminary, who married Victoria Brown and resides in Chicago; George, an optician, residing at home; Louisa E., who married Robert Brown, a furniture dealer and undertaker, and resides in Stroudsburg; and Mary, married to William M. Mearig, of Upper Leacock township. Mrs. Kohler was born Aug. 7, 1820, in New Ber- lin, Union Co., Pa., daughter of Samuel and Eliza- beth (Snyder) Baum, of Bucks county. Mr. Baum was a gunsmith by trade. He was born in Bucks county in 1769, and died Oct. 2, 1842. His wife died Sept. 25, 1839. They were good and worthy people, members of the Lutheran Church. Their family consisted of children as follows : Samuel, who died in 1879, aged eighty years; Elizabeth, Mrs. George Eogar, who died Oct. 4, 1890; Bar- bara, deceased,. Jan. 18, 1892, aged ninety years, who married James Cummings ; Mary A., who died Feb. 17, 1868, wife of Rev. William German; Margaret, Mrs. German, who died Jan. 13, 1894; Charles, who died May 22, 1852, aged forty-five years; Jacob, who died in 1864, aged fifty-four years ; Henry, deceased ; Rachel, who died June 18, 1886, aged eighty-one years, married to Rev. S. R. Beyer ; John E., who died June 22, 1885, aged sixty- eight years ; Louisa A., married to Rev. John Koh- ler; and Miss Sarah J., who lives in Stroudsburg at the age of seventy-nine years, the yoimgest of a family noted for longevity. The paternal grandparents were Carl and Bar- bara (Ewens) Baum, the former of whom was born in Germany and the latter in Scotland, this combina- tion of two hardy races probably having had much to do with the vigor of their descendants. The ma- ternal grandparents of Mrs. Kohler were Jacob and Margaret (Daws) Snyder, the former a native of Germany, and the latter of Philadelphia. This family is a prominent one in its home county and its members have worthily represented its honorable name wherever they have located. A. L. STIVELY, a prominent and popular mer- chant of Collins, Colerain township, Lancaster coun- ty, was born in that township, March 5, 1844, son of Frederick and Anna (Barr) Stively. 1886 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Frederick Stively was born in Strasburg town- ship, this county, Jan. 9, 1806, and his wife was born the same year in Eden township, daughter of Jacob and Esther Barr. Mr. Stively was reared in Strasburg township and was a .young man when his parents moved to the West. He remained in Lan- caster county, however, and was the only representa- tive of his family left in Pennsylvania. For a life career he settled upon the cooper's trade, and after his marriage lived for a time in Strasburg, but later moved to East Drumore township, where he fol- lowed farming, making his home there some five years, and then removing to a farm in Colerain town- ship, where he lived until 1870. In 1865 he bought a farm in Eden and Strasburg townships, on which he made his home from 1870 until his death, in June, i8gi. In 1869 he erected buildings there, the second set of buildings on the place. Though Frederick Stively started in life a poor young man, by the exercise of thrift and industry, coupled with wise management and integrity, he became wealthy, and died possessed of a large estate. In i860 he purchased a farm of too acres in Providence town- ship, upon which were located immense ore mines which are known to-day as the Stively ore banks. This property he retained until 1864, when he sold at an advance of $5,000. Mrs. Stively passed to her rest in September, 1897. Both were members of the Mennonite Church, and were regarded as good and consistent Christian people. In politics he was a staunch Republican. To Frederick and Anna Stively were born nine children, of whom five are still living, (i) Christianna and (2) Martha died young. (3) Fannie, born in Strasburg township in 1833, is now the widow of John M. Shank, and makes her home in Providence township with her three children, Anna, Elizjabeth and John S. (4) Jacob, born in 1835, married Sallie Stafford, and located in Providence township, where he followed farming until his death in 1865. His son Jacob is a merchant in Little Britain, is married and has a family. (5) Fred, born in East Drumore town- ship, is now a successful farmer of Strasburg town- ship, (o"* Mary, born in 1840, is the widow of David Miller, and makes her home in Harrisburg with her only daughter. (7) A. L. is next in the family. (8) Elizabeth born in October, 1846, mar- ried Martin Mower, and died in Philadelphia, where Mr. Mower and his son Frederick still reside. (9) John M., born in Colera:in township in 1850, married for his first wife Anna Brown, of Colerain town- ship, by whom he had one daughter, Alice, now the wife of George Bracken, of West Grove. John Stively married Ella Wells, of Chester county, for his second wife, and they reside on his farm; to them have come five children, Fannie, Mary, Edna, John and Charles. A. L. Stively was educated in the public and select schools of this county. When a young man he engaged in farming, which he followed for a number of vears on the old homestead in Colerain township until 188S, in which year he purchased the general store of U. M. Collins in the village of Collins, where he has carried on general merchandis- ing up to the present time with marked success. He owns considerable real estate in the village, and is a prosperous and successful business man. Mr. Stively was married in April, 1898, to Miss Emma F. Herr, of Quarryville, daughter of Martin and Maria (Martin) Herr, who are still living in Quarryville, at the advanced ages of eighty-nine and eighty-three years, respectively. Mrs. Stively was born in Paradise township in 1856, was edu- cated in the home schools and at the Millersville State Normal, and for sixteen years taught in the public schools of Lancaster county; for two years she was a clerk for her brother in his store at Bloom- field, Iowa, and for two years was with another brother in Missouri, returning to Lancaster county in the .spring of 1897, where she was married the following year. Mr. and Mrs. Stively have one daughter Mary H., born Oct. 25, 1900. Politically Mr. Stively is a Prohibitionist. He has been postmaster at Collins for fourteen years. Both himself and his wife belong to the Methodist Church, of which he has been a member for twenty years, and in the work of which they take an active part. He held the position of steward and trustee for several years, and is an officer of the church at the present time. Mr. Stively is a man of more than the ordinary intelligence. Personally he is a genial and warm- hearted companion and an interesting conversation- alist; he is loyal to his friends, and is beloved by many, who know and appreciate his numerous good qualities. MARTIN GREIDER, commissioner of Lan- caster county, and a member of the firm of M. L. Greider & Company, dealers in all kinds of agricul- tural implements, tobacconists and cigar manufact- urers, of Mt. Joy, Pa., was born in Rapho township, Feb. 26, 1842, a son of Christian and Margaret (Lindemuth) Greider. the former of West Hemp- field and the latter of Rapho township, both of them passing out of life in the latter place. Christian Greider was a well-known farmer and lived to the age of eighty-one, dying in 1877; the mother survived until 1881, her years reaching seventy-two. Both parents were laid away in the family burying-ground on their own farm in Rapho township. They were consistent members of the Mennonite and Lutheran Qiurches, respectively. Tl'eir children numbered two: Jacob, who died in 1852; and Martin, of this biography. The pa- ternal grandfather was Martin Greider, a prominent farmer of West Hempfield township, who married a Miss Weldy; and the maternal grandfather was Jacob Lindemuth, who married a Miss Hick; both died in Rapho township. Martin L. Greider was reared on the farm and attended the district schools. When he reached the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1387 age of twenty he rented his father's farm and en- gaged in business for himself, successfully operat- ing it until 1868, at which time he inherited the property and continued his residence upon it until the spring of 1893. He then retired from active agri- cultural labor, removed to Mt. Joy and opened up his present extensive business. In 1899 he was elect- ed to the office of county commissioner on the Re- publican ticket, and since then has devoted much of his time and energy to county business. On May 5, 1863, Mr. Greider was married in Lancaster county to Mary A. Shirk and the chil- dren born to this union were: John, who died young ; Elmira, who died young ; Samuel, who lives on the old farm in Rapho township ; Christian, who is a bookkeeper in the Harrisburg Boiler Manufac- turing Company, of Harrisburg; and Lillian, who married Jonas N. Hostetter, who is associated in business with Mr. Greider. Both in commercial and social circles in Mt. Joy, Mr. Greider holds a prominent position and has long been regarded as a political factor in that locality. The family is one of the most respected in the neighborhood, and is well known through its connections all over Lancaster county. LEVI REINHART, now a prominent re- tired farmer of Colerain township, Lancaster coun- ty, was born in Pequea township, in February, 1840, his parents being Michael and Fannie (Martin) Reinhart, both of whom were born in Lancaster county. Michael Reinhart was a son of Michael (Sr.) and Martha Reinhart, both of whom were born in this county though of German parentage. They settled in Pequea township, where Michael Reinhart with his three brothers attained manhood; they were Daniel, John and Harry. They all lived and died in Lancaster county. Michael Reinhart lived in Pequea township for some vears, when he moved into Lampeter town- ship, where he lived until 1867. That year he re- moved to Colerain township, where he was engaged in farming until 1870. Then he went West, and located near Sterling, 111., where he was a farmer until shortly before his death in 1892. His widow has recently passed to her reward. They had a fam- ily of four sons and three daughters, and six of their children accompanied them in their westward movement, (s) Elizabeth married Jacob Kendig, and has her home in Kansas. (2) Martha married Christian Shaw, of Lancaster county, and though they went to Illinois with her parents, they came back to this countv, and have a home in Colerain township. (3) Fannie accompanied her parents to the West, where she married a Mr. Moyer, arid made her home in Sterling. (4) Daniel married Barbara Myers, cf Strasburg township ; they made their home in Sterling, Illinois, where he died in 1880, leaving a widow and two children. (5) John married a Miss Mover in Illinois, where they located on a farm, and have two daughters. (6) Amos died when a boy in Lancaster county. (7) Levi. Levi Reinhart was reared in Lancaster county, where he was given a district school education in Pequea and West Lampeter townships. Until the breaking out of the Civil war he worked as a farm hand. His enlistment as a member of Co. G, I22d P. V. I., under command of Capt. J. N. Nefif, oc- curred in 1862. The regiment was attached to the Army of the Potomac, and served under Gen. Mc- Clellan, forming part of the reserve at the second battle of Bull Run, where it was for the first time under fire. After several heavy skirmishes the reg- iment took part in the battle of Centerville, and of Fairfax Court House. At Fredericksburg it was in the thick of the fight, and again at Chancellorsville, where Gen. Whipple, the brigade commander, was killed. Company G, in which Mr. Reinhart was enrolled was detailed as a guard of honor to escort the remains of Gen. Whipple back to Washington, where military honors were paid the heroic dead. About this .time the term of Mr. Reinhart's enlist- ment expired, and in May, 1863,. he returned to Lancaster county. In Lancaster countv Mr. Reinhart resumed his labors as a farmer, and was presently married to Sarah A., the daughter of Daniel and Catherine Fulton. Daniel Fulton was for many years a jus- tice of the peace, and a surveyor of Pequea town- ship, where he lived and died. There Mrs. Rein- hart was born in 1844, and was reared to young womanhood. After their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Reinhart lived for a time in Providence township, where he followed farming, and then moved into Colerain township, where he purchased the Joseph Robin- son farm in 1885, after having owned and operated the Jacob Miller place for some fifteen years. The Robinson farm contains 141 acres, and was pro- vided with a large brick house, frame barn, and other farm buildings in fine condition. A few years later he erected a large addition to the house, put up a wind mill pump, and made many other sub- stantial improvements. Mrs. Reinhart died in 1898. She was a mem- ber of the Colerain Baptist Church, and is remem- bered in loving hearts as a good Christian woman, greatly excelling in those things that make a woman well beloved by all who know her. She bore her husband eleven children, (i) Benjamin F. Reinhart, the oldest child of the family, was born in Pequegi township, Nov. 8, 1866, where he was reared and married, Maggie Crossin, of Chester county, be- coming his wife. They reside in Chester county, where he holds a position as foreman of a repair gang on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. They have one daughter, Mildred S. (2) Daniel F., born Nov. 8, 1868, is single and lives at home. (3) Laura K., born in Providence township, Feb. 18, 1870, married William B. Ferguson, of Colerain township, and is the mother of one son, Uhler. 1388 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY (4) Michael, born Sept. 20, 1871, married Laura Benuard, of Colerain township, and has his home on a part of his father's old homestead; they have one son, Floyd. (5) Fannie E., born in January, 1873, married Charles S. Thompson, of Bart town- ship, and is the mother of two children, Rufus N. and Levi C. (6) William M., born in December, 1874, married Hannah Hastings, and resides in Little Britain township. (7) Harry E., born in March, 1876, is a groceryman in Philadelphia. (8) Charles E., born in April, 1879, is unmarried. (9) Georgie A. and (xo) Mary, twins, were born, in August, 1881. Mary died in infancy and Georgie, now the only daughter at home, received a good education in the home school and in the Union High School. Since the death of her mother, she has had charge of the home, where she has given her father every care and attention that his declin- ing years demand. She is a young woman of much character and culture, and enjoys the respect and esteem of the comnutnitv to a marked degree. (11) Miller, born Sept. 5, 1883. In politics Mr. Reinhart has always been identi- fied with the Republican party, and has held the office of supervisor one term, and has also been school director. He is a charter member of the Birely Post, No. 511, G. A. R., of Quarry ville, where he has held various official positions. S. T. DAVIS, M. D., of Lancaster City, and one of the gallant ex-soldiers of the war of the Re- bellion, is a native of Huntingdon county. Pa., born in 1838. He is the eldest of six children of Henry Davis, a blacksmith and justice of the peace, all of whom are still living. Dr. Davis worked for four years in his father's shop, and studied at odd hours to acquire an educa- tion. Every Sunday for a long tirrie he walked five miles to the office of Dr. H. Orlady, of Petersburg, to recite, and thus prepared for his future success and still later he took a course at Modres ville Acad- emy in Huntingdon county. In the summer of 1858 he was the first pupil from Huntingdon county to attend the Millersville State Normal School, and in the fall of the same year he returned to Hunting- don county and taught school. The following year he was teaching in Lancaster county, and had just nicely settled down to his work, when the war broke out. He enlisted in Co. H, 15th P. V, I.^ and was in the service three months. He was promoted to the rank of ordnance sergeant of the regiment, and was discharged at Carlisle, but then re-enlisted, this time for three years, m Co. C, 77th P. V. I., as sec- ond lieutenant, and later was appointed and com- missioned adjutant of the regiment. In the early part of 1862 he was detached as acting assistant adjutant general on the staff of Brigadier General E. N. Kirk. When the three years time was out, he was commissioned captain of Co. G, 77th Penn- sylvania Volunteers. This company he himself re- cruited and it consisted of fifteen members of the old Co. G, and the remainder of new men, all of Welsh descent. The Doctor is next found serving as acting assistant-general with the rank of captain, on the staff of Gen. William Grose. While thus serving he was slightly wounded at Shiloh and Chickamauga, and very seriously wounded at the engagement of Resaca, Ga., and for five days lay on the field. After being at the hospital for three months at Chattanooga, he, in 1864, was honorably discharged from the service on account of wounds received in action, and after taking part in thirteen battles. During his military career he had splendid op- portunities for obtaining a close familiarity with sur- gery. In 1864-65 he took a course of lectures at Jefferson Medical College, and in the summer of 1865 he graduated from Long Island College Hos- pital. He returned to Millersville, where he was associated with IDr. S. B. Hartman for a year, and then was in practice alone for nine years. In 1874 he moved to Lancaster, and at the present is located at No. 132 North I'rince street. The Doctor is a member and ex-president of the City Pathological Association, and of the county society. In addition he is serving his sixth term as president of the State Board of Health. The Doctor has been a member of this board since July, 1889, having been appointed for six years. He was one of the or- iginal members of the American Surgical Associa- tion, and is a member of the American Medical Association. He has performed many difficult operations on the human body, and makes a spe- cialty of surgery and gynecology. In local politics the Doctor has taken consider- able interest and has served in the city councils for five years, filling the office of president of the com- mon councils at one time. In the fall of 1885 he was elected to the State Legislature, and in 1887 was re-elected by the largest Republican majority ever IDolled in the city. While in the Legislature the Doctor was very active in medical legislation per- taining to matters of hygiene and sanitary affairs. He is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, of the Union Veteran Legion and of . the Loyal Legion. He has donated his sword and war relics for the use of the museum connected with the order, which will shortly be built. He is a 32d degree Mason and has served as thrice potent Grand Mas- ter in the Lodge of Perfection of that order. Dn Davis has delivered many addresses at "San- itary Conventions and Medical Societies, and in other ways has been prominent in movements of this char- acter. He usually takes a few weeks every year for the purpose of hunting, and has been all over the United States and Canada ; at his residence can be seen numerous heads of deer and other mementos of camp life. He is al?o an amateur photographer, and his house is filled with pictures of people and places. He has a very large practice in Lancaster, and is a very biisv man, of pleasant, social charac- teristics, who makes a most entertaining compan- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1889 ion, and he is known as a physician and soldier all over the United States. The Doctor is serving his second term as a member of the Pension Board. He is president of the Greenwood Cemetery Asso- ciation, having been one of its organizei'S. Dr. S. T. Davis married in Millersville, in 1866, Miss Elizabeth Fenstermacher, a daughter of Chris- tian and Catherine Fenstermacher. There have been no cliildren born to this union, but the Doctor and wife have an adopted daughter, Martha H. Davis. Dr. and Mrs. Davis and their adopted child stand very high socially and professionally, as well as officially, the Doctor bears a most enviable repu- tation. JOFIN W. ZELL, M. D. Among the represen- tative nien of Lancaster county, a leader in both political and professional life, is Dr. John W. Zell, the popular and appreciated physician of Fairmount, Pa. For many years Dr. Zell has taken an active part in all the progress and development of this section and is well known and beloved, hav- ing been for forty-six years identified with the peo- ple of this localitv in one of the closest relations of life. Dr. Zell comes of German ancestry, although he is a product of Lancaster county, born in Colerain township, Dec. 27, 1829. His parents were Isaac and Elizabeth (Swift) Zell, both of whom were also natives of this county, the mother having been born in the historic old home of the great inventor, Rob- ert Fulton. Grandfather Adam Zell was a miller by occupa- tion, and for many years he was engaged in the milling business, in Honeybrook, Chester county, where he reared a large family who became useful and respected members of society. They were known as : John, Samuel, Levi, Adam, Margaret, Henrietta and Isaac. Isaac Zell, born in 1791, was a prominent man in his locality for many years, as merchant, teacher, and local preacher in the M. E. Church. His wife was born in 1801, and they both lived worthily until advanced in years, the mother of Dr. Zell dying at the age of ninety-four. She was the devoted mother of a large family: Joseph S., deceased; Emmor E., deceased; Dr. John W.; Dr. E. M., a dentist of Little Britain township; Isaac B., deceased; Dr. Amos* B., of Little Britain township; Daniel, of Perrytown ; Dr. D. A., of Little Britain township ; Martha, deceased; Elizabeth, unmarried; and Dr. Samuel Allen, a dentist of Hinkletown, the others dying in infancy. Dr. John W. Zell was reared on the farm, but agricultural pursuits did not appeal to him in his youth, and after gaining a good, common school education, he entered the Pennsylvania Medical College in i8=;3, graduating from that then noted institution in 1855. Returning to Lancaster county he immediately began the practice of his profession, and in this locality he has remained for a period of fort_\--six years. During this time many changes have taken place and many of the old friends of Dr. Zell have passed away, but new associations have been formed and few men in this locality pos- sess more vigor of mind or body. The Zell family is not only one of the oldest but also one of the most intelligent in the county, and one which has had an unusual leaning toward professional life. Dr. Zell, like many other young men, had his own way to make in the world, being one of a large family, but with the pluck, perseverance and energy bequeathed him by sturdy ancestors, he carved out a path to fortune and prominence. Dr. Zell owns two good farms in this neighborhood, both of them well improved. The first marriage of Dr. Zell was in 1865, to Miss Mary R. Patterson, of Britain township, a daughter of James Patterson, who was a near neigh- bor and warm friend of President James Buchanan. Her death occurred in 1870. Dr. Zell married for his second wife Mary Bell Johnson, of Little Britain, who was born in 1834. No children were born to either union. Mrs. Zell is descended from one of the oldest families in lower Lancaster county, her mother being an Andrews of Colerain, and her father an ex- tensive farmer in Little Britain. Dr. Zell has always been an ardent advocate of the principles of the Democratic party, and has always conscientiously supported the men and measures of that great or- ganization. For many years he has been identified with the Methodist Church of which he is a trustee, and he is fraternally connected with both county and State medical societies and also with the Amer- ican Medical Association. Dr. Zell served also as president of the Lancaster City and County Medical Society. Few men have more personal friends than Dr. Zell, his kind heart having caused him to give way to so many generous impulses that he is recog- nized as not only the skilled physician of this vicin- ity, but also as the sympathizing and helpful adviser. His hospitality is liberal and few hosts are more en- tertaining. JOHN L. BRENNEMAN, one of the leading agriculturists of Pequea township, Lancaster county, is a large land owner and a citizen of high standing and influence in the county, and is among the hon- ored older citizens of the township that are yet living. John L. Brenneman was born Aug. 15, 1827, on what is now the Bishop A. B. Herr farm in Pequea (then Conestoga) township. He is a son of John and Charlotte (Lemon) Brenneman and grandson of Jacob Brenneman. The latter was born in 1753 and became a large landowner in this locality. He was twice married, marrying (first) Barbara Myers, who was born Jan. 25, 1757, and died Sept. 14, 1825, and (second) Anna Rush, who was born in 1782. John Brenneman, father of John L., was born in 1787. He learned the trade of a weaver and fol- lowed it in his early life. He then turned his atten- 1^90 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY tion to agricultural pursuits, which he followed throughout his lifelinie, becoming a prosperous and extensive land owner. John Brenneman married Charlotte Lemon, who was born March 20, 1789, and died May 12, 1869. The husband died June 12, 1843. Their children were : John L., our sub- ject, who is referred to at a greater length farther on; Barbara, who married Rudolph Herr; Susan, who married Christian Hess; Elizabeth, who mar- ried Christian Brenneman, and Lj'dia, who is a resident of New Danville, all deceased excepting John L. and Lydia. John L. Brenneman was reared on the home farm and has devoted his liiEe to that vocation. He received such privileges for obtaining an education as the neighborhood district school afforded, at- tending it through the winter seasons and assisting on the farm through the rest of the year. He start- ed out in life with a purpose and determination to succeed. In this he has not fallen short of the mark as he is the owner of two large farms, aggre- gating some 202j4 acres, well improved and under a high state of cultivation. On November i,, 1854, Mr. Brenneman was married (first) to Anna Harnish, who died March 6, 1862; and (second) Aug. 15, 1863, to' Mary Ann Lefever, both ceremonies being performed by Rev. Jacob Strain, of Lancaster. To the first union were born : iVaron H. ; John H., and Amanda. To the second, Elmer Ellsworth L. and Susan L., both deceased. Mrs. Mary Ann Brenneman passed away March 15, 1900. Mr. Brenneman has been upright and honorable in his dealings with his fellow-men and so con- ducted himself and regulated his life as to enlist the respect and high regard of the community in which he has so long lived. He has ever taken a deep in- terest in all the affairs of the township, having in view the advancement of society and the business in- terests of his section. He has been industrious and a good manager, and has prospered. For the long period of twenty-four years he has most efficiently served his township as a school director ; he has also filled the position of assistant assessor. His relig- ious connections and those of his family are with the Old Mennonite Church. Politically he is iden- tified with the Republican party. SAMSON D. REESE, a farmer and dairyman of Elizabethtown, and one of the older and more prominent citizens of that thriving community, was born in the township of Manor, Aug. 6, 1830. The parents of Mr. Reese were Samson M. and Caroline (Snyder) Reese, natives respectively, of Harford county, Maryland, and Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. The father came to Lancaster coun- ty when he was eighteen years of age and made a home in the township of Manor where he remained fifteen years, removing at the end of that time to a 'home in East Donegal township. For some forty years he was a pilot on the Susquehanna river, and only gave up that calling when compelled to do so by the infirmities of age, retiring at last to a small farm. In early life he was a wagon maker, but left that occupation in 1838 to follow a river life. He died in 1875 at the advanced age of eighty-five years. His widow survived two years and died in 1877 when eighty years old. Their remains lie in Mi. Joy Cemetery. Born to them were the follow- ing children: Anna, the widow of John Nauman, lives in Elizabethtown; Alexander is the superin- tendent of the Bell Telephone Company at Harris- burg ; Samson D. ; Mary A., died young ; Margaret, the widow of David Martin, lives at Osborn, Ohio ; William, a conductor on the Pennsylvania Railroad, has his home in Harrisburg; Caroline (deceased) was the wife of Edward Campion; Sarah (de- ceased), was the wife of John Cox. David Reese, the paternal grandfather of Sam- son D., was born in Scotland, and made his home in Harford county, Md., when a young man. Henry Snyder, the maternal grandfather of S. D. Reese^ was born in Lancaster county, and followed the oc- cupation of a tailor m his earlier manhood. Samson D. Reese was married in Lancaster, Oc- tober, i860, to Elizabeth Good, and to. this union were born the following children : Samuel G., a farmer in West Donegal township; Christian G., who is a brick maker in Elizabethtown; David G., a machinist in Elizabethtown ; U. Grant, died young ; Harry G., a telegraph operator in Elizabethtown; Edgar G., at borne ; Anna G., at home. Mrs. Elizabeth (Good) Reese was born in Rapho township, Feb, 14, 1836, and is a daughter of Christian and Mollie (Gantz) Good, both natives of Rapho township, where they lived and died. Her father was a farmer all his days, and was a man of more than ordinary character. His neighbors elect- ed him at different times to positions of trust, mak- ing him supervisor, tax collector and giving him other responsible offices. His death occurred in 1 88 1 at the advanced age of eighty-six years, his wife having passed away in 1879 aged seventy-two years. They were members, respectively, of the Old Mennonite and the Lutheran Churches, and both are buried in a private cemetery in Rapho township. These were their children: Jacob, Jo- seph, Samuel, Anna, the wife of David Kriner, Abraham, and Mary, deceased; Elizabeth, noted above; Trifina, deceased; Malinda E., the wife of Michael Myers Christian, of East Donegal town- ship. The paternal grandparents of Elizabeth (Good) Reese were Jacob and Mary Good. Her mother's father was George Gantz, who married a Miss Noscn; both were born in Germany and came to this country in early life. Samson D. Reese remained on the farm with his parents until he reached the age of eighteen years, when he went to Louisiana and Texas, where he was engaged in sawmill work for a number of years, spending his summers north. In 1858 he returned to Pennsylvania to take a position as watchman on BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1391 the railroad, a place he held for fifteen years. At the expiration of that period he began farming near Elizabethtown, and in 1885, removed to his pres- ent location, his home being in Elizabethtown, while his farm lies mostly in West Donegal township. For twelve years he has served in the town council, and holds an enviable place in the estimation of his friends and neighbors. In politics he is a Repub- lican, and in religion a member of the Reformed Church, WII-LIAM PENN BRINTON, in his time one of Lancaster's most prominent citizens, was born at the old family mansion on the Brandywine creek, near West Chester, Chester Co., Pa., June 20, 1824. His ancestors came from Birmingham, England, and settled in Pennsylvania a year after Penn's treaty with the Indians. They were in the posses- sion of large means, and took up extensive tracts of land in Philadelphia and Chester counties, and some of their descendants occupy portions of these lands to the present day. William P. Brinton, the youngest son of Caleb and Hannah Brinton, was named after the founder of the province, William Penn. Caleb Brinton was a prominent citizen of Chester county, owned several farms, and carried on farming on an extensive scale. William P. Erinton spent his early days at home, attended the district school, and later was sent to a boarding school and an Academy at New London, Chester county. In November, 1841, he entered the Freshman class of Washington College ; in his Jun- ior year he delivered the address at the anniversary of the Union Literary Society; and after a full course of study he was graduated with high marks. In the summer of 1848 he made an extended tour through the Eastern .States and Canada, as corres- pondent of a Philadelphia paper. Later he began the study of the law in the office of Hon. Henry G. Long, and read a thorough course, but about the time he expected to begin practice he met with a seri- ous accident, his right hand being injured so badly that he could not use it for several years, being unable even to hold a pen. In consequence of this injury, he abandoned the law, and engaged in other busi- ness in Lancaster and elsewhere. In 1856 Mr. Brin- ton was united in marriage to Miss Susan M. Rei- gart, eldest daughter of the late Emanuel C. Rei- gart, one of the foremost of Lancaster's lawyers a generation ago. They took up their residence in the house formerly occupied by Thaddeus Stevens, No. 38 South Queen street, and occupied it during all their married life. Mr. Brinton was for a long time a director of the Pniladelphia and Lancaster Turnpike : of the Lancaster and Middletown Turn- pike ; and was for six years before his death treas- urer of the Lancaster and Williamstown Turnpike road. In 1859 Mr. Brinton was elected treasurer of the Lancaster & Susquehanna Turnpike Road Com- pany, and held the office up to the time of his death. He was for many years in the management of the Inland Insurance & Deposit Company. He was elected a member of the Lancaster school board in 1863, and. at once took an active part in school affairs. In 1866 he was chosen president of the board. He was regarded an excellent parliamentar- ian and an impartial presiding officer, while his , thorough knowledge of • the rules governing the board enabled him to transact business with dis- patch and regularity. Although Mr. Brinton de- clined re-election to the presidency in 1873, he re- mained a member of the board until 1878, doing good work for the schools. In 1867 he was re- elected a member of the common council, and was chosen president of that body. The following year he was re-elected a member from the Fourth ward, by a majority of one, he being the only candida,te on the Democratic ticket who secured election. Mr. Brinton was always a stanch Democrat, and always took an active part in local. State and National politics. He was a delegate to a number of State conventions and senatorial delegate to the Demo- cratic State Convention that nominated his warm personal friend. Judge Sharswood, an eminent jur- ist, for judge of the Supreme court, and in recogni- tion of his services he was, with Hon. Richard Vaux, appointed to inform him of his nomination. - He then served for three years on the Democratic State Committee, and was again chosen senatorial delegate to the Democratic State Convention of 1874. Mr. Brinton entered into rest on April 13, 1888, in the sixty-fourth year of his. age, and no man who ever lived in the community died more lamented — for his was a genial, generous, noble nature. His widow now resides at No. 549 North Duke street, Lancaster. She is one of the managers of a number of charitable homes, hospitals and organizations, and is active in Episcopal church affairs. One daughter and two sons are still living: Henrietta, the eldest, is the wife of William L. Deming, vice president of the Deming Manufacturing Company, of Salem, Ohio : they have one child, Susan Brin- ton. Edward Penrose Brinton, Esq., was born Aug. 25, i860. William Reigart. Brinton, Esq., was born in Lancaster, May 7, 1865. Both brothers — Edward P. and William R. — are graduates of Frank- lin and Marshall College, the latter taking the first honors in his class ; both read law with the late Samuel H. Reynolds, Esq., one of the most dis- tinguished members of the Lancaster Bar, William R., also spending a year in the Law Department of the University of Pennsylvania, and both are in active practice in Lancaster. Edward P. Brinton is a Republican in politics, and has been active and prominent in the affairs of that party ; while Will- iam R. is just as ardent a Democrat, and has been honored by his fellow Democrats with nominations for district attorney. Congress and delegate to State conventions. He was City Solicitor of Lancaster in 1892-93, the only time in twenty-five years that the Democratic party had control of the city coun- 1392 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY cils. Both brothers are in practice in the Superior, United States District and Supreme Courts. Edward P. Brinton was married Oct. 17, 1899, to Miss Henrietta Taylor, daughter of Robert M. Taylor, late of West Chester, Pa. Mr. Brinton is a member of The Hamilton Club, is a manager in a number of corporations,' and his law practice is extensive. William Reigart Brinton was married Dec. 27, 1893, to Miss Annie M. McGovern, daughter of the late John R. McGovern, one of the most prominent and successful railroad contractors of this county, and they now live in the old McGovern home, at the end of North Duke street, one of the finest su- bui-ban homes of that section. Three children were born to them : Anna Reigart, Catherine McGovern and William Penn. Mr. Brinton belongs to the Elks and the Young Democrats, and in religion is an Episcopalian, being an active member of the St. James' Church, and a member of the board of trus- tees of the Episcopal Home. Mr. Brinton is also solicitor for the City Savings Fund & Trust Com- pany of Lancaster, solicitor for the Conestoga Fire Insurance Company, solicitor for the Lancaster Ho- tel Company, solicitor for the Lancaster Electric Light, Heat & Power Company, treasurer of the Lancaster and Williamstown Turnpike Company, and member of the board of the Lancaster and Co- lumbia Turnpike Company ; and no man of his years in Lancaster is, personally, professionally and polit- ically, more popular. JACOB B. NEWCOMER, a well known citizen of Manor township and one of the most prosperous and progressive farmers of Lancaster county. Pa., was born in Millersville, July 15, 1838, and is a son of Jacob and Magdalena (Breneman) New- comer, both deceased. Jacob Newcomer was a blacksmith by trade and for some years carried on business on his own ac- count in Millersville, bnt about 1839 migrated to Wayne county, Ohio, where his death occurred about 1840 in middle age. He was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. To Jacob and Magdalena New- comer were born two children that grew to matur- ity, Isaac B., a farmer of Providence township, and Jacob B. Mrs. Magdalena Newcomer was at the time of her marriage to Jacob Newcomer, the widow of Henry Harnish, of Conestoga township, by whom she had two children, viz. : John B., a retired min- ister of the Mennonite Church, residing in Pequea township ; and Catherine, deceased wife of Daniel Lintner, of Lancaster City, to whom she bore two daughters, still living, viz. : Lizzie, wife of John Derr, of Lancaster City; and Annie, married to David Good, a merchant of Cumberland county. At the death of her second husband, Jacob Newcomer, in Ohio, Mrs. Newcomer returned with her infant children to Lancaster county, Pa., purchased a farm, and there died a few years later. Jacob B. Newcomer was a mere babe when his father died, was quite young when his mother passed away and from the age of fourteen years has been obliged to take care of himself. His opportunities for acquiring an education were but meager, yet he availed himself of the public schools until at- taining the age mentioned. Soon after this the charge of his mother's farm fell upon him for ten, years. His marriage took place, Sept. 11, 1862,, to Miss Maria H. Wissler, a native of Manor town- ship, and a daughter of Rudolph Wissler, who was for years a justice of the peace. 6n marrying, Jacob B. Newcomer moved to his father-in-law's farm and managed it for two years, and then purchased his present place of thirty-two and a half acres, one mile south of Letort, and has since been engaged in general farming. On this farm he had the misfortune of losing his amiable life-companion, Dec. 3, 1893. She was a faithful member of the United Brethren Church, of which Mr. Newcomer is the present president of the offi- cial board, having been a member of the society since 1858. Mr. Newcomer is one of the very enterprising- and public-spirited citizens of Manor township, and taking into consideration the size of his farm, has been a most successful agriculturist. His friends are numerous and sincere in their esteem for him, and his standing in the community is all that could' possibly be desired. DAVID WESTFIELD JACKSON, the pro- prietor of the Willow Mills in Bart township, Lan- caster county, was born near Avondale, Chester county, in December, 1834, a son of David and Eliz- abeth ( V\''estfield ) Jackson, both of whom were na- tives of County Derry, Ireland, where they were reared to maturity, and where they married. In 1828 David Jackson came to this country,, bringing his wife and son, and they made their home- in Chester county. The father was a linen weaver by trade, but in Chester county he determined to- make farming his life business and met with suc- cess in his work. Both he and his wife lived to be aged. After coming to America they were mostly associated with the Friends. In his earlier years in this country Mr. Jackson was a Whig, but later became a Democrat. His simplicity of purpose and strength of character, together with his kind and: genial disposition, won him many friends wherever he was known. He reared a family of nine chil- dren, (i) Henry, born in Ireland in 1827, became a blacksmith and located first near Fagg's Manor,. Chester county, following his trade for some years, and then removed to Perry county. His last location was near Steelville, Chester cpunty, where he en- gaged in farming. He married Martha Susan Cres- well, who died in 1898. He died in 1899, leaving- the following family: Wilson W., David Cres- well, Jane Elizabeth, William and Charles. (2) Abraham, born in Chester county in 1829, is now- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS"! OF LAm:ASTER COUNTT 1B9S' .a .wholesale saddler, of Benton, IlL, wlhere he is .widely known .in business circles ; he married Vir- .ginia Dudley, a native of Indiana, and a descendant, of -the IJudieys tof Virginia. Their dhildren were Henry, William, Charles and Anna Belle. (3) Johix H., born in Chester county in 183 1, married Mar- garet Baker, and, locating in Chester county, en- g^ed in farmir^. At one time he was a partner with his brother., David W., in a contracting and building business. He is the father of three sons,. Gesrge, Richard and David, all of whom are on farms in Chester cotinty in the vicinity of Doe Run.. (4) Eleanor Dixron, the only daughter of the family,, was tjorn in Chester county, and is unmarried ; she makes her home :near Parkesburg, and is highly es- teemed and.belawed by a wide circle of friends. (5) David Westfield as fifth in the order of birth. (6) William E., born iin Chester coimty, is a harnessma- ker and has his Iraime arid business in Jefferson coun- ty, III. He married Louisa Elstam, a native of Illi- nois, aaid they hasve two childrem living, Ralph and ■Oliver, having buiiied six childreru (7) J-oshoa, born in Chster county, married Anaita Speafcmian, of Chester county, and they were living on Ms farm •near Kimbleville, at the time of Ms death m 1898;. Ihis wiftww surviueB him. (8) Thcmias W-,, born in. Chester county, married Rachel Psearl, amd they jnake their home .near Parkesburg, where he owns- :and operacbes a gristmill. (9) West'fidd Evams, born •in Chester county, married Miss Catherine Baloer, of ihis native county, and they have their home ism the Jackson 'homestead, an Chester county. Da'vid Westfidd Jackson was reaisd ajtid edu- cated in 'Chester coanty, where he eaarly mastered Ihe carpenter trade, and he followed it imuch oS the -time H'&r -twenity-two years on an extensive scalle, as a contractor and builder. In 1869 he "bought ifihe Willow Mills iproperty iin Bart town^p, which cfflfli' -sisted of gristmills an^i a farm in connection, aaad there he fes remained to the present time, and has developed a large milliiag business. On Fels. 18, 1875, Mr. Jackson was married 'to Miss Philena C. Wood, the estimable dat^hter of Thomas and Snrah. (Coaties) Wood ; dhe was born in Chester county, and reared and educated in Chester, Delaware and Lancaster counties, halving heen a student at Concordville Seminary and at the Mil- lersville State Normal, and for a time she -was a successful teacher in Chester county. Mr. and Mrs. Jackson have two children, (i) Lindley D., born 'in March, 1876, was educated in the public school, and in the local high school. In 1895, 1896 and 1897 he was a student in the State Normal School at Millersville, where he took a special course in book- keeping. As a capable young business man he has impressed himself upon the community, having charge of the millingf interests of his father at the- present time, for which he was thoroughly prepared by early and careful training. (2) Elizabeth West- field, the only daughter of her parents, was born in September, 1881, and educated at the Friends' 88 school in Abington, Montgomery county. She is a member 1773,, 'Thomas, son pf :^^^i-ll- ianV and Margaret Wpod, pnd , Susanna Pusey ( born . in' i7So,'died in'rSii, daugbter of John (deceased) ari(i,Kat%ririe^, declare, intentions of marria,gevvfirst tirne^ M.?irch j'x, 1773. The, children of this mar- riage were* as, follows : Joel;, bp;rn in 1774, died in, 1776., Williaan, born ,in, 1775, died .in 1803 (nq issiie) . John, .born in iN'oyember,. 1777, died in Octo- ber,' 1847; He marrie^d. Lydia SwE^yne, and they are, the grandparents of, Mrs. Dayici, W . Jaqljson,, Lydia Ann,' bo'rn inVi779,,died, in 1812. , Nathan, bofp.in , '17S1, died in 18^3 ; 'he, married Margaret Watsop, . .arid lived iri Ohio. Margaret, born jn 1783, died in I$^l5 ; she married Samuel, Plurnmer, and lived, in ' Ohio. Thomas, thefifth son,,,born^ in 1785, died in 184.^ ; he married ,Mary SHepherd, of Maryland, who. was born jri 1791, and died in 1875. SusatipA, bo'min 1787, died in T794, Pusey, bor;i in 1789, died in 1875; he married Charity Redd,, of Ohio. Caleb, born in 1792, died iri 1879; he married Lydia ^edd,; of Ohio. Mary, the,, youngest daughter,, born in September, 1796, die.(^ in 1867; she , married John, Depriis Bates, of Ohip- From the,, records in West Chestpr> Chester,,, county, it appears that William Wood, of London. Grova^ fuller, and. wife Margaret, conveyed ,tp gon Thomas 120 acres in that towriship . June 19, 1773, and Thomas Wood and wife Susanna conveyed the sarii.e to Daniel JHobpe? March 12, 1782, for, £609,: Thqriias is styled a "waver." By deed Sept. i., 1785, ■Samuel Sharp and wife Mary conveyed to Thomas, Wpod 105 acres of land in Newlin tpwnsliip, Chesr ter county, at the mouth of Doe Run creek [Deed , Book B2, 510] ; March 18, 1794, Thomas Wood of Newlinton, yeoman, and wife Susanna, conveyed to .Samuel Laverty, of Caernarvon, Berks county, ani William and Jesse Laverty, pf East Fallowfield, ironriiasters, 2|4 acres of ,tbe above on Doe, Run [K ■?, 452] ; March 30, 1795, Thomas Wood of Ne\y- lin, yeoman, and wife . Susa,nna„ conveyed to Jac.pb Grubbof East Fallpwfteld;, Chester county, harq- , merman, for £350,. a niessviage of fifty-two acres, 123 perches, on west side of .Brapdywine and north. side of Doe Run,, part of the 4and from, Sharp [^ ^' 87] ; March 25, 1796, Thomas, Wood, of New-Gar- der;, yeoman,' and wife Sus'arma, to Mark Unger, of West" Marlbofoijgh, bla,cksmith,. f or ;£i94,_i5s, forty- one,, acrf:s,.eleyen perches pn the-south side of Doe Run '.^nd. west, side |0f Brandywine, in 'Newlin,, part of land from' Sharp '[M 2, 489.] .' This, lapd bought an4, owned in Newlin, township,, Chester county, by Thopi^as, and Sus^pna .(Pusey) Wood, is the, site pf the Laurel .Irori ! worfes, so^th- of Coatesville, .long ,, , known ^s, the .fjugh' p.". Ste,ele,riron wPrks.^ It is not known positively .who., erected the^jron workis,. but , a Ijttle incident of thei;-...completion in 1791 is givea by . pemberJion .^'^ood, of Maryland, sop pf Thomas Wood and .Mary Shepherd, and grandson of Thomas and jSuganqa,. Wood; "I dis,tinctly recollect orie,, eveniiigm the .fall, pf the year, my father came..intp.. the liouse, witha peculiar smile on his face, find . I; j susppcted he ,had .something, good, to tell me .{as . jwe,wej"e.5very confidential, friends).. He, began, by ■ saying, ..'Thee, is .jjusjt^six, years old ^nd,I have some-,,, thing ,io, -tell thee, which t wari^tj, thee to , remember ; Wh;ej3 I vya^.a little boy just thy age .some men cari^ip., and built, ^a forge, on, father^s.'plac.ej' , He,' went into. deta.ir,9f tjhe .building of the forge and .'tell hammers,', so ,ininute -th^t, it interested .me iriuch and,-thei Jittle . boy's eyes, anij; eaxs and- friiiid must have, been ,operi, . to remember so well what he sai^, for. that wag many . yeai;^,agq,, Aft^r ,the wate^wheel w^as. built ani^.the tilt.harnmer alljn placftthe-mei7.,got a dry inch oak.,, bo3;r^ Jind plaqed it on the>aiivil and.started the ham- mei;! 'Such, a rioise.and ^t.niglit, tool. It roused the . whpilie ' neighborhood.' ' That 'mtj^t',-have been .in ' Duripg,the,;p.evoluti,onary war^ jn 1777, Thomas,, , Wpofl was appointed, one of a cpmmittee to look, after cases of suflering on ,^cqgun,t,of, the,Jwar ;; 1781- on a qoipj^-itteet to labor- for reformation.- He was seyera^Lyearsiclerkrin the mQntb,ly, meetings, and had charge of the preparation ,of, marriage, xeftificates, in fact .was,.,piie jpf the j^ctive member-s in every, de- pantmep.fc of bu?ine,ss,j,in the ,)peetings. In 1787.- 'London Groye , meeting, .proposes 'the-recommenda- - ; tion of Thomas, as a minister. In 1789 he visited meetings, a,t .,Bush,,.Creek, . Md.,, and Warrington- Quarter, "he, being of an exemplary life. and. con^. versatiqn and; ihjis. ministry acceptable." On March 6, 1791J .Thomas , Wood, wasi appointed on a large... committee , to a,tt^nd the, opening of a preparative ' mee^tjiigi;at West;, Grove,, Chester county. When- London.Groyerporithly meeting, was established in • I792,,.,he wa,'5^,(^n6,;who was %ppfi>frit^.fpr.the con- . ' sideratiqnof a division from New Garden,, and from the^mehe was accepted as aminister in the Society of Friends .he was , an earxi^s-t -thinker -and worker m this, chosen path. ,The paper, given below, copie4 '■ from. the original, gives- one, an idea. of his sincere BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER ' COUNTY 1395 Christian life. It is dated 1803/and reads as fol- lows ': As I have often of late times found something secretely njovmg upon nty mindto leave in manuscript for the perusal of my children 'and grandchildren when. I aptisni unto' repentance , is, known. ,1,,, indeed, . says tbi? janinent. forerunner,, baptize you with water untp .repentatjiC'e /'Ijut ,p,n,e cometh',aifterj..me tlbe; Htchet.of whose shoes |.'^aiii,ript -wDrttty to stoop (^wfl and ujiloose he_shiaU,, baptize 'you with I the li61y„;GHbst land ijre,"„pu)r Lord "bore testimony that John was a burning and shining light and ye wore.. willing, for a season to rejoice in the light, but I have^grejiter ,wi|tness,,fl'f..that..,than. John. for., though he •was th^ greatf^'it prMbet, tlia^t,. .was. , ever bpiin,,,pf^,a iwoman. •yet the.'least in 'the^jCingdpm' bj. IJ.eav.en is.,g;rea.ter ,than he. , That is his. dispensation as rpy soifl well knows ,a passing through, this,. tender watery dispensation, wherein fili,that ,.,was wigthin,, nie w^s. ready > to niek with contrition- before God yv^a§, ;a j.oyfuj,, dispensation jp, its,,s^_son. |>eca(Use- X found the Kingdbir^'oit', Heaven, t.Q-.'be *at jiaiiJd.^.but ![ ,^ound- ,• this to be a decreasing .dispensation apd a njorp tr,ying !. fiery dis.pensatibn' coming ori which was tliatof Christ's", whose fan in his hands which is to blaw;away.a,ll'the,ligh!t. and Cf^^li ...,., thor,pughly purge away th^j i?oor,. . pf tbe ..... and .saye./.the , .weiglity precious- see.d,-.U,nto ■ .' of res4 anid' peace forever^ Wel,l,.a;fter. this fifjth and most t . iproving di'spen-g4tion -has,.,done aijtj effected the', rede.mption of . soul-,..,fromi„under. die law of sin an«i,.j^.^atl^' the .cprn^orter's jdi^spensJtf ion,,: comes, (acr cording to my pros^^ct), 'IfLgp npt,,away said our de^r liord' — the Cbmfqrtef will n.ot,icome, but^df l,go,,aW,ay, I :iwill pray, the, fatherV'and he- will send,ypu another com- forter,, eyen .the spirit, of Tru-th"-r-that it isunder the sixth ,,,daspenisiation, vithen, all Truthhas, thje,.,reins and govern- .ment of 'th-p hea.rf,"'l^ha-t man is c);eajte.d,.anew ,into,the lik,e-., ness and image Of Gody Beho,14 .said ouir. dear Lor^l, "I create all things new a new Heaven and ,a new earth' wherein' dwells righteousness." -That at the end of-vthis- new creatio^i ..the 'h,oly ^abbafh, of rest, is to ,ibe experi' .enCed when, the rao^-ning stgj.s sing .together and all the sons of 'Gb(j' shout for joy.— tThos, 'VVood. . ; ■ A-Uothei-'^item. — The - 17'th day of the 1st mo. 1807 I heard of the death -of -William Croch a fninister from .England and ^flli-arp Ellis 3, friend yAq hfid lived in good esteem , at "Munpy, Penij^., their deaths by. suicide. The, news so 'affected my rnind, with, sorrow th^t it ■fe;elingly settled on my mind, blessed are the dead -vvho.have died,, in the Lord, 'it also begat desires in my mind, that I might be preserved in such an Ipimlile.' watchful state ais to feel- ingly and,||iuinbl.y beg every day of my lifeto the great, Preserver of,'rnari that he ' would be pleased to,,grant me, the blessing of 'prcser'-vatibn through 'th'6 dangerous tribu- lated passages to the end. . - In the summer .of 1798 a Certificate -was signed for Thomas Wood, -vyife Susanna, and six' of their children, Nathan, Margaret,' Thom'as.Puseyj C^aleb and Mary ; also certificates for 'William 'Wbod and Lydia Wood to Pipe Creek, Md. ; they had made aip- ■'plication for themselves. "John Wood,' of West Marlborough, third son , of Thomas and Susanna, of Frederick county, Md., and Lydia Swayne, daughter of Samuel and Hannah Swayne, of East "Marlborough, wfere rharried Nov. 8, 1800, at Londongrove meeting." Their children 1396 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY were: Hannah, Samuel, Nathan (who died young), Thomas, Joshua, John and Lydia Ann. John Wood died in 1847 ^^ Steel ville, and lies buried at Ercildoun graveyard, in Chester county. His family: (i) Hannah married (first) Benjamin Ladd, of Ohio, and (second) John Hill, of Ohio; she had three daughters, Lydia S., Elizabeth and Hannah, by her first marriage. She was a teacher of note, both in the schools in Ohio and at her alma mater — West- town, Chester county. (2) Samuel married Orpha Broomall, of Ohio, and their children were Thomas and Phoebe. (3) Nathan died young. (4) Thomas, born in 1807, married Massey Lamborn in 1830, and Sarah Coates in 1841. (5) Joshua married (first) Ann Taylor, by whom he had one son, Enoch, deceased. By his second wife, Eliza Hall, he had one son William, who married Susanna Coates and had two children, Anna and Alberta, both married and living at Russellville, Chester county. William Wood (son of Joshua) died in 1898, aged fifty-eight; his wife, Susanna (Coates) Wood, and her daughter. Alberta Wickersham, live in Russellville. Samuel and Anna W. Martin, of near Russellville, have several children. (6) John married Elizabeth Kirby, of Ohio, and both died in Iowa, at the home of their daughter, Lydia S. Worthington. They had three children, Anna Wood Painter, Frank (who died unmarried) and Lydia S. Worthington, wife of William Worthington, of Ohio. For many years John Wood followed the business of bringing droves of Ohio sheep to Lancaster, and Chester counties. Both his daughters were educated at Westtown Orthodox Friends Boarding School and for several years, were successful teachers in Chester county, Pa. Finally they all left the East, and there is liv- ing today but one to represent the family of John and Elizabeth Wood — Lydia S. Worthington, of Iowa. (7) Lydia Ann until her marriage lived in Chester county, where she was born. She was edu- cated at Westtown Boarding School, and was a suc- cessful teacher. She married Samuel B. Smith, of Ohio, where they made their home, and they had six children, a twin deceased, Louisa, Amy, Morris, Mary and Joshua (married). Two children and several grandchildren reside in Iowa. Thomas Wood, eldest son of John and Lydia Wood, father of Philena C. W. Jackson, has six chil- dren living. Three — Amos, Eleanor, Laura Sarah — died young, and are buried at Homeville (Chester Co., Pa.) burying-ground. He was twice married, his first wife being Massey Lamborn, whom he mar- ried in 1830. She died in 1838, the mother of three children: (i) Dr. Eliza Jane, a graduate of the Woman's Medical College, Philadelphia, born near Doe Run in 1832, married Henry Armitage, of Ohio, and lives near Damascus; they had no children. (2) Benjamin Ladd, born in 1834 in Steelville, married in i860, Anna Wilson, of Fairville, Chester Co., Pa., and they had one daughter, Gertrude M. Seal. For his second wife Benjamin L. Wood married Louisa M. Faucett, of Ohio, by whom he had two daughters, Anna and Mabel, both married and liv- ing in Iowa where the parents resided for fifteem years. In 1900 Mr. Wood married for his third i wife Mary Martin, one of Chester county's success-- ful school teachers. I'hey live in Avondale, Chester" county. (3) Amos, who died young, was the third of this family. In 1841 Thomas Wood, then residing in Steel- ville, Chester county, married his second wife, Sarah. Coates, daughter of Warrick and Eleanor Coates^ of Londonderry township, Chester county. She was- a granddaughter of Samuel Coates, of Cain town- ship, and a descendant of Moses Coates, the emi- grant. Her mother, Eleanor Pusey Coates, was of" Sie distinguished Pusey family ; they were all mem- bers of the Society of Friends. Sarah Coates, born . in 1 81 5, died in 1896. She was one of a large fam- - ily of children. Hart Granville, Ellis Pusey, Samuef ' ' Warrick, Susan, Sarah, Abagail and Philena lived to>- maturity, and all except SamUel married and raised . families. Abagail Hoopes and Philena C. Lynch are the only surviving children of Warrick and Eleanor- ( Pusey) Coates. There are descendants into the- third and fourth generations living in Chester and Lancaster counties. Thomas and Sarah Wood had children as fol- lows : ( I ) Lydia married Jesse, son of Moses and' Margaret Hollowell Brinton; children — Marion,. Laura Alma and Estella. They reside in Montgom- - ery county. Pa. (2) Laura married Leslie Barnes. . (3) Ellis Pusey married Rebecca Martin, daughter of Thomas and Hannah M artin, and they had two - children, Walter Thomas (who married Mary Pusey) and Mary (who married Samuel Pusey in-' 1900). (4) Philena C. married David W. Jackson, and has two children, Lindley D. and Elizabeth. (5) Morris Thomas married Margaret Weldon, andi they had two children, Leila Mary and Elizabeth • Hodgson, both attending the Woman's College at Baltimore. On Feb. 12, 1891, Thomas Wood and his wife Sarah celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of ' their marriage. A year later he died suddenly from an attack of infli:enza. Four years later, at the age of eighty-one, his widow passed as peacefully into - the other life as she had lived in this life on earth. Beautifully sweet did old age creep on until she was - claimed, leaving four children devoted to her mem- ory. Thomas and Sarah Wood lie side by side in - the burying ground at Ercildoun, Chester county. CYRUS LINGERFIELD (deceased) was born in Paradise township, Lancaster county, Sept. 6, 1835, and he died at the present home of his fam- ily, April 9, 1894. His ashes repose in Atglen Cem- etery. His paternal grandparents came to Lancas- ter county from Germany at an early day. John Lingerfield, his' father, was bom in Para- dise township and died there. To him and his wife, , whose maiden name was Catherine Ruth, were born 3 the following children: (i) Cyrus. (2) Cathar-- ine, born in Paradise township, died unmarried inx BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1897 • Christiana Feb. i6, 1894, at the age of fifty-seven. (3) Sarah A. married T. R. Hirst. (4) John, now a retired merchant of Philadelphia, enlisted in Phila- delphia, in September, 1862, in the 15th P. V. C, was all through the southwestern war serving under Gens. Rosecrans and Thomas, and he was with Gen. Sherman on his march to the sea ; in 1864 he was de- tailed from the regiment as commissary sergeant for Gen. Thomas. After being mustered out at Nashville, Tenn., in June, 1865, he started in the meat and provision business in Philadelphia, so con- tinuing until 1884, when he retired. In 1880 he -married Ettie E. Cooper, daughter of Jesse K. Coopjer, of Bird-in-Hand. (5) Miss Hettie resides in Christiana. John Lingerfield, the father, was a miller by trade, and followed that avocation until 1841. That year he entered a warehouse as a clerk, ^ position he held until 1855. He died March 6, 1874, at the age of seventy years. Cyrus Lingerfield was married Feb. 28, 1867, in Lancaster, to Adaline Barr, by whom he had two -children : John B., a clerk in Philadelphia, married Jennie C. Matlock, and has one child, Harold Chris- tine ; and Lois Gertrude is at home. Mrs. Lingfir- :iield was born in Millersville, Pa., a daughter of Jacob R. and Christiana (Dickie) Barr, the forrner "a son of Owen and Mary (Richards) Barr, of Lan- caster county though of English extraction, and the latter of German parentage. Jacob R. Barr was; a coachmaker in Millersville, where at one time he Tield the office of postmaster, and for some time was deputy collector of the Internal Revenue. So- -cially he was a member of the I. O. O. F. and of tbe American Mechanics. His death occurred in Mil- lersville, Aug. 21, 1876, at the age of sixty-five, and liis widow passed away in 1889, at the age of sev- enty-four. They were both members of the Zion's Reformed Church. Their children were: (i) Samuel died in infancy. (2) Mary A. is the widow ■of Hiram S. Witmer, a farmer of Millersville. Nine •children were born to them, of whom three — Ed- win, William and Katie — died in youth. Those sur- viving are: Jacob Henry, Christiana, Elizabeth May, John Washington, Alvin and Mary Emma. (3) Susan, (4) Jacob and (5) Henry, all three died in infancy. (6) Miss Fannie died in 1890. (7) Catherine married John H. Stauiifer, of Millersville. <8) Adaline is Mrs. Lingerfield. (9) William Clay, ;an ornamental painter of New Haven, Conn., was a. soldier in the Civil war. He married Amelia T. Knotwell, and their children were : Zelva May, Vi- ola Maria and John Reginald. (10) Benjamin F. died in infancy, (n) John Washington married Gertrude A. Cook, of Philadelphia. He was a phys- ician of Philadelphia, with one of the largest prac- itices of any young physician in the city, and he died ;in 1891, at the age of forty-one years. (12) Emma IE. married Martin A. Baldwin, a coachmaker, of "New Providence, Lancaster county, and they have ,one child, Sara Barr. (13) Miss Sara A. has her fcome with her sister Emma. (14) George and (15) Christiana, twins, and (16) Elmira died in infancy. Cyrus Lingerfield entered a coach shop at Par- adise, where he served his apprenticeship, and be- came an expert workman. In 1866 he formed a partnership with T. R. Hirst, his brother-in-law, and the two were in business together for ten years, when they dissolved partnership by mutual consent. Mr. Lingerfield was then appointed notary public, an office he held for three terms, and was Scrivener until his death. In the community he was a man of considerable prominence, and built up a fine busi- ness. In Masonic circles he took an active part, and filled at various times all the chairs in the local lodge, and served as secretary of the same for a period of six years when he resigned. In politics he was a Republican. His religious connections were with the Presbyterian Church, in which he served as treasurer and trustee. HENRY REIGART BRENEMAN, one of Lancaster's leading general insurance and real es- tate men, with office in the Woolworth building, comes from a long line of prominent people, pa- ternally and maternally. The first of the line on the paternal side to come to America was Melchoir Breneman, who came here from Switzerland, in 1709, driven from home and country by religious persecution. He was the preacher of the colony of Mennonites who came here and settled in the neigh- borhood of New Danville, this county, on a land grant from Penn, later increasing his land holdings by purchases. Dr. Abram Breneman, the grandfather of Henry R., was in his time one of Lancaster's most prominent physicians. His home was the house for many years afterward owned and occupied by the late Hon. A. Herr Smith, and still owned by Miss Eliza Smith. It is a very old, house, having been built prior to the time of the Revolution, and tKere Dr. Abram Breneman and his son. Dr. Abram (the father of Henry R.), who was also a member of the medical profession, lived and practiced medicinle together, and there both of them died, and were buried on the same day, Dr. Abram, Jr., having at- tended the elder Dr. Breneman in illness that re- sulted fatally to both, the son dying from brain fever induced by his close attendance upon his father. Dr. Abram, the son, died on Friday, and Dr. Abram, the father, died on Sunday following, and the funeral was a double one. This was in December, 1847- Dr. Abram Breneman, Jr., married Miss Anna Reigart, daughter of the late Henry M. Reigart, whose homestead and mill were in East Hempfield township, afterward postmaster of Lancaster, who died just one month before James Buchanan was elected President of the United States, in 1856. Mrs. Breneman entered into rest in 1881, aged sixty-one years. Her family, famous for genera- tions in the. annals of the county, was represented 1398 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY in the Revolution by Lieut. Col. Adam Reigart, of the 2d Pennsylvania Line, in the campaign pf New Jersey and Long Island. She was the mothei- of live children, two daughters, Mrs. Anna Elizabeth Calder and Miss Emma M. Breneman, having en- tered' into rest. The survivors are Henry R. ; John S., a coal dealer of Lancaster, and Prof/ Abram A., a distinguished chemist in New York City, who held a professorship at State College for a time, later a professprship at Cornell University, -was ' vice- ' president of the American Association' for the Ad- vancement of Science, and for a time edifor of the Chemical News. ^ .. • , Henry Reigart Breneman was born on one of his grandfather's fafms;,in Rianheim township, was brought to Lancaster when only- two v^eeks old,' and, arriving at school age, was ■ educated iii private schools until he entered the high school, from vdiich ' he was graduated in 1857. He graduated from State College in 1862, by special permission receiv- ing his diploma from the latter institution in ad- vance of Commencement Day, ifi order to allbw him^ ■ to enter the army. Pie enlisted in the 14th P. Yl C, entering the service 'as api'ivate and being dis-- charged as adjutant of the regiment. At 'the close of the war Gov. Geary commissioned him as major." His- term of service lasted from' Sept.' 6, 1862, to July 31, 1865, when be was discharged- by reason of the close of the war. Serving vunder Gen. Kelly, Gen. Averell and Gen. Sheridan, Mh West Virginia, and the Valley of the Shenandoah 'carripaign, 'Ma- jor Breneman was-takeflprisoner by the Confeder- ' ates at Rocky Gap, W. Va:, near 'the Greenbrier White Sulphur Springs, while holding the rear, at"" the close of a two days' battle, against a superior^ force, during'withdrawal on Aug. 27, 1863, and he was confined in various "prison pens," including Belle Isle,Andersonville, Savannah,' and Millen,Ga., for fifteen months." At -the dose feFf the war. Major Breneman entered the coal- biisirtess in Lancaster,' remaining in same' for ten years, and then embarked ' in th& real estate and insurance business, in which he is at present engaged.; He was treasurer of 'the Champion Blower ^& Forge Company for ten years; was a member of the- school board" of the city for nine years r president of the Peoples Building, Loan and Deposit Company; and secr-etatry of the Lan- caster County -Monumental Association, from date tDf organization, having- superintended the erection of the soldiers' monument in the Square at Lan- caster. Major Breneman, as he is familiarlv known, married Miss Eleonora de Welden Breneman, daughter of the late A. N. Breneman, who was for many years the most prominent shoe merchant in Lancaster. Two daughters were born of this union — Miss Carolyn, a teacher and a gifted painter ; and Miss Minnie, who entered into rest ten years ago. Major Breneman is a Republican in politics, and in religion an Episcopalian, having been a vestryman of St. James' Episcopal Church for ten years or more. He is a member of the George H. Thomas Post, No. 84, G. A. R., of which he has twice been commander arid is now trustee ; a member of the Union Veteran Legion, of which he was colonel for one terrn; and'a member of Encampment No. 14. The reeital of his experiences in the cavalry arid as- a prisoner of war for fifteen months, would "fill a big book," and a' most thrilling one it would be, and yet, "such is his'riiodesty and reserve, he seldtirti, if ever; refers to" it unless' drawn but on the subject by those 6f his friend's who know his history and love td hear him relate the more interesting inci- dents. SAMUEL MILLER (deceased). Many oj the: comfortable 'old horiies of Lancaster county, have been' bereft of the Heads 'of the liousehold,',who' through lortg years have exerted in the comtnunitj good influences and have Set examples of upright living. When Deitlr calls these from earth, both 'ftoiily and neighborhoods mourn. Such was, nota- bly fhfe case wheK SamuelMiller, who had passed his liffe"iri' S'adsbury township, anid was A^ell^and widely known, was called hence on Nov. 21, iSgo, at the "agfe of " Seventy-three. ' The birth of Sarhuel Miller was in the log cabin; built by his graridfather, on the farm now occupied by ""the widow of the formei^. Here Heronimus and Mlary (puffy) MJller Settled at a very early day, ■eleai-ed up this fide farrn arid in turn left it to Jheir offspring. 'H^re they reared a fa.miry of five chil- dren: Samuel ; Willialri; Sarah, vi'ho married 'Will- iam 'Knott ; Catherine, who riiari-ied Mrs. Mpffet;; arid' John, all 6f, thes^'' having long since been gath- ered to their ancestors. John and Anna (Murphy) Miller, j)arents of Saifiuel \ Millef , both . ''bf '" Lancaster county, were farming people and settletjori the old Miller home- stead, -where the father died in 1840, at the age of sixty-five years,'; and the mother j ten years later, at the age of fifty-six. "Their children were : Samuel ; Anna, who died in youth; Mary j., unmarried, who' lives' vi'ith 'Mrs, Miller oh" the old homestead; and William, ablacksmithV who riiarried Sarah Nich- olson, aiid died" in February, 1874, at the age of. fifty- two' years, the father of the following children: Johtf"(fl'eceased), Mary (who died in infancy), Ella (who married John Barr, lives in Harrisburg) ,. 'William (deceased), Miranda (who is the widow of Jefferson Fritz, and resides with Mrs. Miller), Mary (who is the' widow! of Charles Sparver, of HarrisbUrg) arid Ffank (who resides also in Har- risburg). ' . Through life Samuel Miller pursued agricult- ure and was regarded as an excellent farmer and most worthy citizen. Although he believed in the- pnnaples of the Democratic partv, he was never a politician, and never desired public office. Pur- suing the even tenor of his way, he lived the honest, upright life of a kind neighbor, good husband and' father, and loyal friend. For seventy-three years BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COlTNTY itk he was known in one locality. His remains were laid to rest in the Union Presbyterian cemetery in Bart township, he having been a supporter and at- tendant, of the Presbyterian Church, with Tvliich his mosj: estimable widow is connected by membership. On March 29, 1842, Samuel, Miller was, married in Lancaster, Pa., to Hettie E., Hill, and the chil- dren born to this union, >vere: Martha, who mar- , ried Isaac Wence, a farmer near Harrisburg; Joiin, ■ -vvho died yduhg ; Samuel, a ' farmer in Sadsbury township, Ayhd married Lizzie Rowe ; Ashmer, de- ceased; and Howard, who lives unmarried with his honored mother. , , The birth pi Heftie E. (Hill) Miller occurred near Wilmington, Del., Dec. 25, 182,1. Her par- ents were John and ]Vrarth^,( Phillips) Hill, of Wil- mington, where they spept 'their, lives, with the ex- ception of. the years. 1839-49, spent in Lancaster county. Father Ilill died in 1843, at^ the Age, of seventy-five years, the ;niother dying ip 1824, at the age of fifty-six years^ tKe' latter belongiiig to the .Socifjty, of Friends. Th,e children born to Mr. and Mrs. Hill were,: Maria, ^ho married John Rtjmor, is deceased; John, deceased; ,Ellen, who "died in youth ; Hannah, who liyed unmarried, and 'di^4, in advanced years,; and Settie E.,, who became Mrs. , Midler. IVirs. Miller, is qne of the universally re- spected ladies of Sadsbury township, where she has lived sa long. Beloyed by Tier farnilyand esteerned .tiirough the neighborhood, , few heads, of families qominand more afi:"ection. Her hospitality .ia, well known and so vigorous is she in mihdaod body that there is every hope that so lovable a character may long be spared in the old home. JACOB SHANK, a representative farmer of Manor township, belongs to a very old and higlily respected family of Lancaster county. The first of whom we have aijy. record was John ■Shank, a native of Switzerland,, who lopated here about 1740, and purchased a tract of government land in Manor township, consisting of sonie 400 acres of Central Mapor, which , has been trans- forriied by the family into one of the. finest farms of the county and, is, still, in their possession, being now occupied by Abraham Shank. John Shank devoted his attention to the . improvement and, cultivation of this place until called to liis final rest when in middle life. He was a large man of powerful physique. Before leaving his native la,nd, he married a Miss ,Gingerich, a daughter of Hans Gingerich, and to them were born eight children: Henry, the, grand- father of Jacob; Daniel, who went to Indiana; where he died at the advanced age of ninety years ; John, who remained in Lancaster county, but left no de- scendants here as his only son died unmarried, and his daughter, Mrs. Philip Borger, went West ; Mi- chael, who also went to Indiana ; Elizabeth, wife of Martin Funk; Martha, who died unmarried; Mrs. Gashan; and Mrs. Shupp. Henry Shank, our subject's grandfather, was born in I755, and spent his entire life on the old farm in Manor tpwriship, yi^here he died at the ex- treme old age o,f ninety-seven years,, seven months and twenty-six days. He married , Barbara, daugh- , t^r pi Abram Hostetter, and they betarne the par- ents of five children: Christian, a farnier, who died unmarried'at the age of forty years; John, .who married a Miss Strickler and died at the same age ; .Henry, the father of Jacolj; Abram, a farmer of Manor township, also deceased ; and Elizabeth, who married Henry Hoover, a Menhonite minister, and had four sons, isvho' grew to maturity and moved to Clark county, Ohio. . . . Henry Shank, Jr., father pi Jacob, was born June g, 1791, and died Feb. 7, 1869. He wa.s reared on the pld homestead and at the age of twenty-one beg?in teaming between Pittsburg and Philadelphia, following that pursuit for several years. With his team he was pressed into service during the war' of j8i2, but was retained only for a short time. About ;i82i he married Miss Barbara Shellenberger, a daughter qf Henry Shellenberger, and by that union .he l^ad the^ following children : Henry, born in De- cember, 1822, who followed farming and died uji- rnarri?d,,Marj:h 28, 1897; Barbara, the wife of John Dietrich, of lylano.r township ; Isaac, a fafmer of the sarne township ; Abraharn, a farmer of Cumberland county, Pa., who married Rebecca Bender and has two daughters; and Benjamin, a resident of Maiior .township, Lancaster county. For his second wife the; fattier rnarri^d Mrs. Barbara (Kauffman) Fry, widow of Adam Fry, and the only child born of this union was Jacob, whose name introduces this sketch. The mother died in 1856, at the age of fifty-six years, Jacob Shank was born May 12, I836, and was reaired. on the farm in Manor township, his educa- tion being obtained in the common schools of Pros- ^pect Hill. At, the age of sixteen he commenced learning the blacksmith's trade with Samuel Grash, of that township, and followed that occupation for s^x yeai-s. After his marriage he turned his atten- tion to farming, opei-ated, rented land for six years and then purchased a' small tract of his brother jls^ac,, near Central Manor, which he made his home nutil 1874, when he bought eighteen and a half acres where he now resides, In connection with farming he has followed butchering among the farmers for thirty years.. . On July 22, 1858, Mr. Shank was united in mar- riage with Miss Lydia Funk, who was born in Ma- nor , township, Aug. 27, 1840, a daughter of John and Mary (Herr) Funk. Seven children were born to them. (i) Barbara died in childhood. (2) John,, a mechanic of Washington borough, wedded Mary Shank and they have five children, Minerva, Minnie, Daniel, Ruth and John. (3) Kate is the wife of Albert Ulmer, of Manor township, who was born in Columbia, and they have one child, Ja- cob S. (4) Mary is the wife of Joseph Zinkand, an employe in the rolling mill at Columbia, and they 1400 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS Off LANCASTER COUNTY have two children, John H. and Annie. (5) Aman- Q:. townsljig,; were bis. garQtjt§,')i,; , Philip- lii^her l^siipenthia Ijfe on the farm. where' he is ijow. found, with the exception olsome tworand'; a halLT^^ars,;^hiqh he- devoted to cabinet, making jn: Elizabeth tpwn>M^?id ,SQme)Six mpnths when he, was working a,t| his, trade jji;:Daupbin county; Mr. Fisheri is a man of high . character and good principles, and. attends, Zion, Church with his wife* For some three years fie- served-as.sclioolrdirector and then declined farther- continijg^iqe i.p:,that oifice.^;-. ADAM KEEN, r In striking; ppntrast with the life of the average .business n^^n-, who is drawn daily into the whirlpooh of : competition, excitement , and bu.stle of the wqi-ld.^ siibjecting.his mind to .the temps i tations,.a,nd allurepients of- fortune getting, we pres-- ; ent a sketch of a success^ful farmer of Eden .town- ship, Lanca,ster..Co., Pa., who, in early life, tOok as; his standard,, yirtue instead of ; gold., Mr. Keen, is, a descendant gi a ivery^ old and respected family of his native county, -and h^s inherited many of the traits that have.lpiig been a credit to the namCk He was born in Eden township,, near, Quarry ville, Sept, 8, 1830, -his parents being, Henry and JuUa A. (Mower) Keen, who were both born in Lancaster county. Henry .Keen- was the sQn of. Henry and EUzabeth Keen, w;hose ance.stprs were, German. They first settled in Berks county, and Jater came to Eden, where.qur subject's .father; grew to- manhood. They raised, a large, family of spnsand daughte.rs, lall of whom are dead. Henry Keen, thp father, of our subject; settled in Eden township, on a .farm , near - the borough of QuarryyiUe, where he purchased a large tract of land. ,JEle became one of the most prosperous farm- ers of. his section, -During his life he owned half a dozen; good farms which b6 improved with' buildings and barns. • His: last home was- the one in which our subject -resides. Henry Keen's' first wife was Julia A. Mow:er,.the mother of our subj-ect.^ She 'died at the age. of thirty-six, -leaving seven children. ■ His -second wife- was' Mrs, Brubaken .Sheidied in'i88^' ■ - leaving no children. -oMr. Keehdied'in 1879, leaving an honored name among^*he toany whoi knew and respected him for excellent qualities of head and heart, i'in politics :he was-astanck Republican and ■ took an active part in party work. In religion he i-was a;membeii of the German Reformed Church; and was always very active in church work, being one of ithe feoinders oithie Providence Church: David Keen, the eldest otthis family, was born iti Strasbmrg township in 1826.' ^He tnarriedMis^ Mar- tha Herr;.whO'-was born > and -raised' in Eden town- - - Mship,hwho<-;was a daughter of John and' Nancy- Herr, one .of Lancaster's . old 'and prominent' fam- .ihes. Li. They. resided; on his farm near Quarryville, .-iwherB he.: lives sa.- retired^ life. - His Avife-died; in May; " -• agoo, leaving a' large family. -'Samuel Keen was" jbornJnr i829;he married Miss-Mary Girvin, of this coumv-si; They , now Yreside on one of' his father's farmsEiBear.i Quarryville, and have 'a family^ of four r-«hildren: : Hiram; '- Ella; Anna ;and-Grate.J'Mary .iKeen,. the fourthtichild of Henry Keen, was -born in ,1833 and .was tiie w,ife-o>f Amos'Wade, deceased, ■"who- resided. in Drumore- township, - Julia A., an- ■ ©ther daughter) was born. in' 1835 ; she is-the wife of 1: Hiram. -Girvin;- land, now resides in Salisbury^ town- ship, t: Henry Keen, , born-in 1839,:' married Miss Lydia Shauby! and -they, reside on his farm in Bart ■ townsliip,;and -have: three childreffi'- living; ■ Sallie- - (wife- of. William Amment), Henry and -Ella (-toth -at home); ^Catherine' Keen, the youngest- of the chil- >dren ofi Henry Keen, -was iborn in 1841; and is the ; 4fife of. Joiin:'. Johnston, who' lives' on one of her fa- : ther's ..farms; j They have • no children. ' > ' J . Adanij Keen, our smbject, grew up- on -his father's ' '•(farm in Eden, where, he received a district school -'i^i education. He remained with his father until he Was ■ thirty: years of age. In December; 1859, he married ,Miss Mary> A. Herr,. daughter' of John and Nancy - Herr.j i;.Mrs. Keen . was born in Eden township, ^ March-'iS; 1840, and grew to young" womanhood at the old home; where she afequired her education in . «the'district.schools., -Her father died at the old home, "leavingc-two fdaughters,' Mrs. .David J Keen, and the wife: of our subject. ■ For abnost ■"■- half a icentury Mt. and Mrs. Keeti h^vei; lived at their pres- ent home.; \In 1879 lie purchased: bis father/g' 1-ast ^ ■-homesteady-which is one of the finest farms' in-, that .section. To this couple have been born five ? children, as follows-': Edith idled in childhood. Susan, :Gj, born in i860, ' married William. Hess, :who resides. in QuarrA-ville borough; they have" ten childreni- t-Virgil (wife -of Alvin Hess of -Lan- ' icaster), Adam, Catherine, Odessa; Edith, William, .Ernest, ,Ruth',.:'Bertha, and Francis, William -'Keen, BIOGRASHICAL ANNAI.S QF LAN CASTER J^OUNTY 1407, born in 1864,. received an education in the. local schools; he married Miss Lizzie Breneman, , of Lan- castei; county and they ,iiow reside la Quarryville, where, he is engaged in the business of contracting and biuilding. They.Jaavg no family. Harry Keen was born in 1869, and received a. business education in Poughkeepsie, N. V. He is now a resident of Lancaster City and, engaged in book-keeping for the firm 9f Met?ge'r & Hollinger. . He married Miss Frances Mylpve.Qf Lancaster county, and they have one daughter, Lulu Keeri^, ,Lmma Keen was born in 1872 andf mar i-ied George Gregg, ,pf Chester county. Pa. They now reside in Chester cbiipty,,, , They have four children,. MiUa,rd, ,Mary,' Blanch' and, Grace,' Politically, socially '^hd .religiously. our, subject has given much thought .tp the betterment qf the condi- tion of his fellovy men. , In tjii's. a.s in all things he has been unselfish .and/conscientip(us.- , He has .not, asked for office, he has not Ijid for fam^. Content to remain a plain but successful farmer, he has found the need of a great worjv at home. \, Mr.. Keen and , his wife have for thirty years .h^eeh .aptive in th,e sup- port of the Refprmed, ChurclV of Proyidence,,, of which, they are devout roeinbefs.!, Politically pfir sub- ject is a. Republican having been ideiitified! witti, the . best interests of the party for many vears^ For over twen^ty years he li^is |ield the office of scliool tlirectpr..^ in Edep. Unselfish deyptipfi.to principle, of which lovq is the foundation, |ias endeared this couple to all who have been brought in contact with theni,^, ,A Chris- tian companionship, a^ ,man and ,,wife coverings, period, of half a, centuryj , and -blessed \yith children and grandchildren, and the love and, es.teep oi many, friends cannot fail tp leave; a, lasting impression, for good. JOHN JACOB ,HQLJGEND,QBLER, a prac- tical and experienced .veterinary surgeon at Mount- ville, Lancaster, .county. Pa., was bor^ i;^ Rphrers-, town, in this county, Aug. 7, 1862, and |s a son of Jacpb!,B,. and Elizabeth (Gailbaugh). Hougendobler, natives, respectively,, pf West Hempfield township and Maytown, Lancaster cpunty, both of whom died one mile west of Rohrerstown on their home farm.,. They .were the , parents of six children, viz. : Mary Ann, deceased wife of Tobias H. Greider; Benjar min ,F., on the, old ,,home^teaci > ^t Rohr^rs,tovvn ; Flenry Clay, decease^.; Elizabeth- G.,; of Larica^ter, unmafrie4; Alice ,G., wfhp was married to Henry K. Hooyerrand dieiii.jin 1899 5 and John Jacob, named at the opening of tlj is .paragraph, , John Jacob Hougendobler assisted on the old homestead until, he was twenty years, of age,, acquir- ing in the meatitinie ,a sound e^upiatipn, in the district schoc)is,,and, also attending the Millefsville Academy, two terms ; he then'.taught school two. terms in Dau- phin and Liancaster counties ; next he went to, Toron- to, Canada, attended , .the Ontario Veterinary Col- lege, , was' graduated jn i889i-,praqticed , twp years, in Rohrerstown,^ and then settled in Mountyille, whei;e,,he has ever since done, a lucrative and, still growii-jg' business. Dr. Hougendobler was vinite,d,in i^jarriage Aug., 13, 1891, ip Lancaster. City, with Miss Susaii H. ' ■ Kendigy who lyas born in VV'est Hempfield township, where she" also died. Johnjapob Hougendobler. is amemberof K, of P. Lodge Mo. '8!:5, atLanc^ste^; A. O. K. of M'. C, Mountyille Castle; Sr. O. U. A. M., of Lanqaster, and the L O. O. I'"., of the same ,city., In politics he is a Republican. JOHN,jVL WEND LER, a trustworthy conductor on the Pennsylvania Railroad v^lth tiis residence at, Columbia, wasbprn, in Lancaster, Pa.^ June 9, 1857. John, W. Wendler, f fither: of John M„ ; was, hprn in WittjEi^iJierg,^ Germany-, , July ,7, 1831,, aiid^, came ' to America when, a- ypung, man, settling, in L.an'castej;. IHe was a.draynjan and, was ren(j>wned fpr his great, strength""." He served four years and five rhontbs in the 99th P. V. I., was three times wounded and was honor^b^y discharged .wth the r^nlc^Qf s.erge^nt. _ He married, Miss, Louisa. Mil|er, and,,, to this marriage were.born eig^^t' enildren,,,v;iz,^: Frederick ; John M. ;,. Mrs- johrji,, Short, of Lancaster ;,JIariy,. a carpenter ip Baltimore, Md. ; Arithoiiiy, whp died 'vvhen eight- , een ypar^.pld : Anna, wife 9|, George, l).or:bit, of Lan- caster; .Samuel, and ]^enjamihj,',.„the "last 'named , a nickqlplater arid poth of Lancaster. The father .died Aug; "28, 1883, and the mother, who >vaSrbprp; April 29, I S28,, is .still, a resideijtpf Lancaster. ' John, M. lA'^eiidlej'. attended schpol'in Lancaster "and .vvorl^ed as ^.. bartender Hntil 1874^ when he en- tered, the einploy of the .Pennsylvania Railway Co. on maintenance work. "" In 1879, he capie, ^p Cpluni- bia, was a, brakemaii ;fpr a, few. months,".,thep iextfa flagrpan "for,. several week;;! .next, v^as regular' ,flag- maafor eleven years,, and was then, promoted tPcpn- ductp'n While i|i this service, July 17, 1899, ,tfie, e>e-boltpf, a brake op his train broke and.threV Mr., Wendler under the vvheels, ,The train dfe-sbeC over botbjiis nether linibs at the ankle joints, and , he now has two artificial Hmbs. - This mishap occprired 113 miles, from .his hoine at Jamesburg, New Jersey. On April, 17, ,1883,, at Cplum;bia,-Mr. Wendler. was united in niarriage with .Miss Ada E. Smjth, who, has borpe him three chiidren,. "WilUain J., An- thony, B- and Raymond S. Mrs! Ada E. Wendle.r was ,bprp jn Downingtpwp, Chester, county. Pa., March 12, ,i86[, a daughter o,f Wijiliam H., and, Mary ("Baldwfin) Smith. ,,tbe former of Syhppij^ was born. on ,the ocean, ^bui under tjie American flag, while his parents yi'ere pn tbe , voyage ft;om „their European hpm.e to the United States., He was epi- ployed by -the Pennsylvania Railway Co. at tlje time of hisdeatii, which occurred in Augtist,i 1882, when he was sixty- four years, , of age. , Mrs., Mary (Bald- win") Smith xyas borp in Chester county. Pa., , and died, in .A.ugust,, 1895, at tbe age pf seventy-seven yearS;,, a member,of the Mothodist Episcopal Church. The children borp to Mr, and, Mrs., Smith, thirteep 1408 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS' OF LANCASTER COUNTY in number, were as follows : Mahlon, a blacksmith in Nebraska; Margaret, in Columbia; Eli, Charles, Mary 'A., and Catherine, all four died in infancy; Hettie, of Columbia ; William, who died at the age of thirty years; Hayhurst, who was killed on a rail- road in 1870, at the age of twenty-one ; Phoebe, who died in January, 1897 ; Elizabeth, the widow of James Mall, of Columbia; Ferdinand, deceased in infancy; and Ada E. The maternal grandparents of Mrs. Wendler, Eli and Phebe (Walton) Baldwin, were born in Chester county, Pennsylvania. John M. Wendler is a member of Monterey Lodge, I. O. O. F., Ridgley Encampment, B. of L. T., Vol. Relief Assn., is first vice-president of Vigilant Fire Co. No. 2, of Columbia, and was a trustee, and in politics is a Republican. He is highly respected in social circles, and is one of those large jolly, sociable beings who make friends wherever they go. JACOB R. GRISSINGER, one of the prominent and successful citizens of Mt. Joy, Pa., was born Aug. 12, 1854, a son of Stephen and Fianna (Royer) Grissinger, of East Hempfield township, who now live in Rapho township. Stephen Grissinger is one of the leading citizens of Rapho township, where he lives as a retired farm- er, having placed his business interests in younger hands. For many years he took an active interest in politics and was a county committeeman, which po- sition he still fills, and was called upon to serve in almost all of the local offices in the gift of the Re- publican party. During 1889-90-91, he efficiently served the county as treasurer. He was born in 1826, and his wife three years later. The children borri to Stephen Grissinger and his wife were : Mary E., who married J. H. Engle, a butcher in Mt. Joy ; Jacob. R.; Alice, who married J. E. Longenecker, a tobacco merchant of Mt. Joy ; Elizabeth, who mar- ried D. H. Wenger, a feed merchant in Lancaster; Sabilla arid Frances, deceased ; Harry, residing at home ; Stephen, a clerk in Lancaster. Jacob R. Grissinger was reared on the farm and attended the district schools of Rapho township, re- maining under th^e parental roof until the age of twenty-two, when he began contracting to cut tim- ber and crush ^tone, making his home still with his parents for sbriie time ; he was also engaged for three years in tobacco farming. In 1897 he did much in the stone crushing business and became heavily in- terested in lumber. Mr. Grissinger is now engaged in the operation of a portable sawmill which he very sticcessfully manages in the lumber districts. The marriage of Jacob R. Grissinger occurred on Feb. 26, 1880, to Miss Emma Kurtz, and four in- teresting children have been born of this union ; Norman K., Walter, May and Ella. In 1882 the family moved into Mt. Joy and are highly regarded bv the community. Mrs. Grissinger. is a daughter of Henry and Barbara (Eby) Kurtz, the former of whom was a man of means, a retired tanner of Lan- ca.'iter county. In politics, Mr. Grissinger is a Re-- pujjlican, and he was reared by his parents in the U^ B. Church. Displaying ability and industry in busi-; ness affairs, he has come to be regarded as one of: the substantial citizens of Mt. Joy. ^ JACOB B. DENLINGER (deceased) was one- of !the prominent and leading citizens of Drumore- tOAynship. PTe was born in Paradise township, Oct^. 24. 1836, a son of Jacob and Anna (Brubaker) Den- linger, the former of whom was born Oct. 5, 1811^ and the latter, Jan. 11, 181 1. ; Grandfather Denlinger, also named Jacob, was- boi|n in 1783, and his children were John, Barbara,.. Henry, Daniel, Isaac and Jacob, all of whom were- defout and consistent members of the Mennonite- Chlurch ; the men of the family were stanch Whigs- and Republicans. 1 Jacob and Anna Denlinger had a family of four- teen children, as follows: Barbara, born Nov. 25,- 1832, deceased ; Mary, born Jan. 3, 1834, deceased ;.. Aqnie, born Aug. 28, 1835, wife of John L. Kreider ;: Jacob B. ; John, born July 17, 1838, a farmer of Para- disje township ; Abraham, born July 15, 1840, a farm- er land tobacco merchant of Strasburg ; Elizabeth,.. bo^n March 14, 1842, married to Tobias Lemon, a-- retlred farmer of Leacock township ; Tobias B., bom.; Jujie II, 1844, a farmer of East Drumore township;. Esther, born Nov. 19, 1846, wife of Christiart' Miwer, a farmer of Paradise township; Martha,., bo^n Dec. 23, 1848, wife of Isaac Cling, of Leacock township; Benjamin, born July 11, 1850, deceased;. Arfios, born June 24, 1852, a farmer of Paradise- township; Henry B., born July 29, 1854, a retired' farmer; and Aaron B., born Aug. 17, 1856. : Jacob E. Denlinger was reared on the farm and.^ early became a practical agriculturist. His educa- tion was received in the public schools of the dis- trict, and upon leaving school he immediately en- gaged in farming, following that occupation all his life. Bv industry and energy he accumulated con- siderable means, and ranked as one of the substan- tial men of his township, owning a fine, well-im— prpved farm of 135 acres of fertile land, and a very ■ comfortable and attractive residence in Chestnut Level. Mr. Denlinger was united in marriage, Dec. 12,.. 1867. to Miss Barbara Hershey, of Paradise town- ship, daughter of Abraham and Barbara (Eby) Hershey. Five children were born to this union, namely: Amanda, born Oct. 10, 1869, who is the- wife of E. Ervin Aument, of Drumore township, and has three children. Pearl, Edna and Roy; Enos H., born Feb. 23, 1872, died Aug. 16, 1873 ; Barbara, born Jan. 8, 1874, died Dec. 2, 1892; Salina, born Feb. 15, 1876, died Dec. 10, 1878; Jacob Milton was born Aug. 12, 1884. In politics Mr. Denlinger was a stanch Repub- lican, and he was a, leading member of the Men- nonite Church. At the time of his death he was most~ BIO-G^APHICAL ANNALS Of LANCASTER COUNTY 1409 efficiently filling the position of postmaster at Chest- nut Level, and he stood high in the estimation of the community. JACOB G. WEIDLEE. (deceased) was, after a life of industry, able to retire from the activities of former days and spend. his declining years surround- ed by friends and all the comforts of life, he and his estimable wife moving in 1884 to Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania. Mr. Weidler was born in this county, in Man- heim township, Feb. 3, 1816, a son of John and Susan (Gooder) Weidler, both ef whom were born and died in Lancaster county, J'ohn Weidler died on his old farm in Manheim township, in 1870, at the age of ninety-one years, tein months and two days, and his v/ife passed away im 1850, at the age of seventy- two years ; both were buried in Heller's Church cemetery. For many years before his death he lived retired, and both he and his wife were leading mem- bers of the Reformed Church- The children born to John Weidler and his wife were: Anna, who married Samuel Rudy; Charlotte, who married John Miller; Susan, who married Kinzer Bender; Lovina, who died single; Mary, who married Kinzer Bender; Catherine M., who married George Bard ; and Jacob G., who was the last survivor of this highly respected and well connected family. The paternal grandparents were Jacob and Anna Weidler, of Lancaster county. Jacob G. Weidler was reared to farm work, and remained assisting his father on the home farm until his marriage, when he took charge of the property and operated it for himself, being the only son. Un- til 1872 he managed this farm and made it one of the most highly productive in the township. Then he retired from its active management, and in 1884 moved to tJie pleasant home in Mechanicsburg where he resided until his death. The marriage of Jacob G. Weidler and Margaret Steiner took place in March, 1840, and the children born to them were: Susann, who married Wayne Bard : Adeline, who married Henry Espenshade, of Manheim township ; Caroline, who married Samuel Bryan, of Lancaster ; Mary, deceased wife of Sam- uel Buch ; John, who is the farmer on the old home- stead, in Manheim township; Lizzie who married Ezra Burkholder, justice of the peace in Earl town- ship ; and Louis, a farmer of Manheim township. Mrs. Weidler was born in Elizabeth township, June 28, 1826, a daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Kahlev) Steiner, natives of Pennsylvania. By trade Mr. Steiner was a mason. He died in 183 1, and the mother of Mrs. Weidler survived until 1870, dying at the age of seventy-two years. They were members of the Lutheran Church. Their children were : Isaac ; Henry ; Jacob ; Susannah, who mar- ried Henrv Smith; John; Louis; Ezra; Margaret, Mrs. Weidler ; Sarah, who married William Stike, of Lebanon county ; and Miss Elizabeth, who resides in Lebanon, the only survivor. 89 Mr. Weidler is a Republican in politics and is a; leading member of the Reformed Church in his vi- cinity. Both he and his most worthy and estimable wife lived to see many important changes in their^ neighborhood and in the country at large, and passed honorable, industrious, unostentatious lives, satis- tied with doing their full duty to their family and neighbors, and held in high esteem. JOHN LINCOLN BRENEMAN (deceased) grew from boyhood to manhood among the citizens of Mt. Joy, Lancaster county, who ever held him in' high esteem for his sterling integrity. He was born in Bermudian, Adams Co., Pa., Sept. 15, 1865, son of Templeton and Mary (Bosserman) Brene- man. Templeton Breneman was a native of York coun- ty. Pa., born in 1837, and his early life was spent in his home county and in Adams county. The public schools of York county afforded him ample facilities for acquiring a good education, and so well did be take advantage of his opportunities that he became one of the successful teachers of the county. In 1861 he went to Adams county and engaged in busi- ness, and in 1869 he located in Mt. Joy, where he still conducts a large dry-goods store. In Bermudian, Adams county, he married Mary, daughter of John and Catlierine Bosserman, and by this union became the father of three children : John Lincoln ; Delia, wife of H. W. Hartman, of Lancaster ; and Joseph Templeton, paying teller of the Lancaster Trust Company. John Lincoln Breneman was educated in the schools of Mt. Joy, and began his business training by clerking in his father's store. He then became teller of the Mt. Joy National Bank, and for twio years discharged the duties of that responsible post* tion, at the end of that time associating himself with the Philip Frank Malting Company, in which he held the position of secretary and treasurer f 01: ''a number of years prior to his decease. ii . Mr. Breneman wedded Miss Minnie Frank, daughter of Philip Frank, of Mt. Joy, and to their union came four children, two of whom are yet liv- ing: Joseph Templeton; Philip Frank, who died when eight months old ; Mary Louisa, who, died at the age of three months; and Catherine Frank, uln his political views Mr. Breneman is a strong Repub- lican, and he takes an active interest in the work -of the party. Philip Frank, father of Mrs. Breneman, and head of the Philip Frank Malting Company, is one of the most substantial business men in Lancaster county. He is a native of Baden, Germany, born Oct. 2, 1829. His education was obtained in the schools of his native land and he remained in his early home until 1851, when he came to this country. His first location in America was at Marietta, this county, where he arrived in April, and the following Sep- tember he moved to Mt. Joy, where he found em- ployment in the Hackman mill, just east of the town. 1410 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY laboring there industriously for five years. He had been studying: the customs of the country and people preparatory to engaging in business on his own ac- count, and in 1856 he built the extensive property and started the business which today bears his name, and which he has continued to conduct so success- iuUy. Mr. Frank has been twice married. By his first qinion he had three children : Maria, wife of Harry *C. Shock; Minnie, Mrs. John L. Breneman; and Harry, now residing in Baltimore. Mr. Frank's present wife was Louisa Wagner, widow of Robert J3riggs, of Philadelphia; to this marriage no chil- dren have been born. JACOB K. PICKEL, late an honored resident of Millersville, Lancaster county, where he was long retired from active business, belonged to a' highly respected family whose history in this coun- ty begins with the advent of George Pickel, the great-grandfather of Jacob K. George Pickel was born in Germany, and com- ing to these shores, made his home in Lancaster county all the rest of his life, and there he died. He reared to manhood four sons, Henry, Adam, : John and Isaac. Henry Pickel, son of George, the original an- ' cestor of the family in this country, was born in Lancaster county, and here spent his entire life. He learned the blacksmith's trade, and made it his , life work. He enlisted in the American army at the breaking out of the war of 18 12, but never saw act- ive service. He married a Miss Mooney, of Irish parentage, and they had eleven children, three of whom died in childhood. The others were: Sam- uel, of Landisville, Pa.; Benjamin, of Manheim township ; Leonard, of Millersville, and Henry, of Millersville, both deceased; David, of Lebanon, Conn.; Jacob, father of Jacob K. ; Maria, wife of, Abram Landis, of Sterling, 111., and Sarah, wife of: John Gardner, who are all deceased. Jacob Pickel, father of Jacob K., was born ini West Lampeter township, Lancaster county, March! 20, 1814, and secured his education in the night schools; Early in life he learned the shoemaker's! trade under Gottlieb Hellabaugh, of Lancaster city,; and when he had mastered it he located at Millers-; ville, where he followed shoemaking for many; years. About twenty years before his death he, gave up active labor and lived retired. In polities; lie was a Republican, and he held the office of school' 'director several terms. In religion he was a de-' vout member of the Methodist Church, and in his younger days took a very active part in its affairs. Mr. Pickel married Catherine Graybill and they became the parents of three children : Elizabeth, now the widow of Jacob F. Warful; Catherine, who died unmarried; and Jacob K., whose name introduces this article. Jacob K. Pickel was born March 21, 1840, in Millersville, and spent his boyhood and youth un- der the parental roof. He acquired a common- school education, and like his father l^e early learned the shoemaker's trade. This was his busi- ness in Millersville for fifteen years, after which he moved to Rock Hill, where he carried it on for ten years. For some ten years more he was the hard- working proprietor of a farm in Conestoga town- ship, when he retired and returned to Millersville, where he spent the closing years of a quiet and useful life in well-deserved peace and content. Miss Margaret Wolf, of Mountville, became his first wife, and to their union were born two chil- dren, one of whom died in infancy. The other, Jacob H., lived to become one of the most eminent physicians of Lancaster county, and is regarded as in every way reliable and trustworthy by the people of Millersville, with whom his lot is cast. The mother died in 1865, and the father was again mar- ried to Miss Elizabeth Waller, of Conestoga town- ship, who became the mother of one son, Posco, who made his home with his father. Mrs. Eliza- beth Pickel died in 1880, and Mr. Pickel was a third time married, to Miss Annie B. Fontza, of Conestoga township. JOHN LINE. Among the prominent retired farmers of Lancaster county was John Line, who, until his lamented death Jan. 5, 1902, resided in Mechanicsburg, enjoying the fruits of former activity. Air. Line was born in Blue Ball, East Earl township, this county, Jan. 22, 1823, a son of Jesse and Rachel (Shaffer) Line, the former of whom was born in Upper Leacock township, the son of David Line. Jesse Line was a successful farmer of Upper Leacock township, whose whole life was devoted to agricultural pursuits. He died in 1863, ^t the age of seventy-two years, the last ten of which he spent in retirement from active work. The mother died in i860, when about sixty years of age and both parents lie at rest in the cemetery at Groffdale. The children born to them were: Mary, deceased wife of Henry Geist ; Eliza, late wife of Jacob Rissler; Reuben, of East Lampeter township; Ed- ward and Porter, deceased ; and John. John Line was reared on the home farm and be- came thoroughly well instructed in all kinds of ag- ricultural work, but his tastes lay in the direction of carpentering and while still a young man he learned that excellent trade. Industrious, temperate and energetic, Mr. Line soon had his time fully occu- pied, and continued in this line of work until 1874, when he removed to a farm where he and his most estimable wife resided until 1886, when they re- moved to Mechanicsburg. Mr. Line was married on Feb. 22, 1874, to Miss Mary Fritz, who was born in Ephrata township, March 14, 1834, a daughter of George and Rebecca (Shaffer) Fritz. Mr. and Mrs. Fritz were natives of Berks county but they were among the old set- tlers in Lancaster county, where Mr. Fritz carried BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1411 on a blacksmith business, and where he lived until 1896, dying at the age of eighty-five years; his wife preceded him, dying in 1883. The children l)orn to Mr. and Mrs. Fritz were: Henry, de- ceased, who married Rebecca Trago; Lydia, un- married, living in Manheim township; and Mary, tthe wife of our subject. Mr. and Mrs. Line have "no children. In politics Mr. Line was a lifelong Democrat, and was held in high esteem in his township by all parties, being a quiet, exemplary citizen, doing his duty in every relation of life, and deserving the comfort in his declining years which he provided in his youth. BENJAMIN K. SHULTZ, a very prominent citizen and able political leader of Manor township, Lancaster county, was born on his present home- stead, north of Washington borough, Jan. 4, 185 1, and is a son of Isaac Sliultz. Benjamin K. Shultz was educated in the graded schools of Washington borough, graduating with Tiigh honors in 1874, taught school in Conestoga township for two years, and then took a course in the Poughkeepsie (N. Y.) Business College. His -studies having come to an end, he returned to the home farm, remained there until 1889 and then moved upon his present farm of thirty-five acres, which is devoted to general crops and garden or -market truck. Mr. .Shultz has been very active in local politics and was first a Democrat, but later affiliated with the Prohibition party, by which he was nominated in i8q8 as its candidate for the State Legislature from the southern district of Lancaster county. Long before this, however, Mr. Shultz had been ap- pointed (in 1880) to the railway mail service, his ■route being between New York City and Pittsburg, Pa., but six months of this experience sufficed and Tie resigned the position. For five years, also, Mr. Shultz was chief burgess of Washington borough, and for nine years was a member of the school Ijoard and part of this time was its president. For ten years prior to 1889 Benjamin K. Shultz and his "brother, Joseph, were 'partners in the coal and lum- ber business. The marriage of Benjamin K. Shultz took place- Dec. 6, 1870, to Catherine Charles, who was born in Washington borough, June 3, 1849, and is a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Olds) Charles; to -this union have been born two children, Mary E. and Helen B., both still under the parental roof. The family are members of the Church of God, of which Mr. Shultz has been an elder since 1886, as well as treasurer. During tbis period the society lias erected two church edifices, one in Washington Taorough and the other at Central Manor, Mr. Shultz being a member of the building committee In each in-stance. In Sabbath-school work Mr. Shultz has also been very active and for several Tears has officiated as ■superintendent. BENJAMIN H. ERB, one of the highly re- spected farmers and useful citizens of Clay town- ship, was born July 19, 1850, in Penn township, son of Daniel S. and Mary (Hess) Erb. Daniel S. Erb, father of Benjamin H., was a' son of Joseph, who in turn was a son of Daniel, who was one of the early settlers of Lancaster coun- ty and a successful farmer of Penn township. Dan- iel S. Erb was born in 1814 and died in 1898. He married Mary Hess, who was born in 1815 and died in 1888. Their marriage took place Oct. 15, 1833, and they had six children born to them, as follows: Joseph H., born in 1834, deceased; Jacob H., born Dec. 15, 1837, of Penn township; Samuel, born Nov. 15, 1838; Elizabeth, born March 26, 1841, the wife of Henry S. Miller, of Lancaster county; Benjamin H. ; Mary, born June 5, 1862, the wife of Emanuel H. Bomberger, of Elizabeth township. Benjamin H. Erb grew from childhood to boy- hood on the old farm which his grandfather had settled on so many years before, and received his education in the common^ schools of his locality. He has followed agriculture all his life and owns a fine farm of ninety-three acres in Clay township and also a seventy-acre timber tract. Mr. Erb has the reputation of being one of the best farmers in the township and justly deserves it. In politics he is a staunch Republican, has served as school di- rector and has shown in many ways his deep inter- est in the advancement of his locality. On Oct. 25, 1877, Mr. Erb was united in mar- riage to Miss Elizabeth S. Bomberger, born Feb. 20, 1859, daughter of Israel and Leah Bomberger, of Lebanon county, and to this union were bom: Mary B., born June 4, 1879, who died Jan. 27, 1884; John B., born April 22, 1883, who is a student in the Millersville State Normal School; and Israel B., born Feb. 15, 1888. The Erb family is one of the old and honorable ones of Providence township and Mr. Erb and his family belong to the best social circles in that lo- cality. Mr. Erb is highly esteemed for his upright character as well as for his kindness of heart and many pleasant traits of character. HENRY NAGLE is a tinsmith of New Hol- land, where he was born Feb. 6, 1831, and is a son of Simon and Sarah (Neathawk) Nagle, old resi- dents of New Holland, where his father was born ; his mother was a native of Berks county, Pennsyl- vania. Simon Nagle was a tailor and served his ap- prenticeship at his trade in Lancaster. His death occurred in New Holland in June, 1861. His wife died in 1872 at the age of seventy-one, and was buried in the New Holland Lutheran cemetery by the side of her husband.. To them were born: Catherine, who died in Ohio, the wife of Lawrence Wagner; William, who died in Lancaster, Pa., in 1900; Henry; Mary, who married John L. Jacobs, 1412 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and died in igoo; Susannah, who married A. J. Yundt, and lives in -New Holland; Sarah, who mar- ried Harry Pickard, a machinist, and lives in Kan- sas City.; Lydia, late wife of Henry Charley. The paternal grandparents of Henry Nagle were Michael and Catherine (Menser) Nagle. They were natives of Lancaster county, where the -grandfather followed the trade of a baker. Henry Nagle was married in Niew Holland, Jan. 19, 1853, to Mary Dick, by whom he has had the following family: Sarah, who married S. F. Rettew, and is the mother of three children; Anna, of Honeybrook, Pa,, wife of Charles Lawrence and the mother of seven children; Olivia, living in Reading, the widow of George Dague, by whom she became the mother of seven children; W. Grant; of Philadelphia, who married Emma Gear, and is a telegraph operator; Florence I., who died in 1900, the wife of Robert Mauckline, and the mother of one child ; Libran G., who died in 1865 ; William, who died young; Harry, living in New Holland, where he married Mary Garman. Mrs. Mary (Dick) Nagle, who was born in New Holland, died in October, 1897, at the age of sixty- four. Her remains rest in the cemetery as- sociated with the New Holland Reformed Church. She was a daughter of John and Mary (Shaffer) Dick. Her father was a shoemaker of New Hol- land. Henry Nagle remained at home with his par- ents until his marriage. When eighteen years old he entered a tinshoj) in New Holland, whidi was oper- ated by Peter Ream & Brother. After being with those gentlemen for ten j^ears he started for him- self, and established his present tin shop. Mr. Nagle enlisted in Co. B, 203d P. V. I., at Lancaster, in .September, 1864. His command was sent from Lancaster to Philadelphia and Washing- ton ; from there to Petersburg, and to the front of Richmond; from there to Fort Fisher, Wellington, and Raleigh, where the regiment was located at the time the war ended. Mr. Nagle was a musician, and was discharged at Raleigh. He returned home July 4, 1865, at once resuming his business. Mr. Nagle is a member of the Odd Fellows' En- campment, the Knights of Pythias, and the Grand Army. Ever since the formation of New Holland borough he has held the position of assessor ; prior to that he was township assessor for nine years. For twenty years he was a constable. In politics he is a Republican. For a man of his years he has kept his health well, and even now does not wear glasses. He is highly respected in the community, where his long and useful life has passed. WILLIAM D. RUTH, the genial and popular landlord and proprietor of the hotel at Terre Hill,, Lancaster county, was born at Vogansville, of the same county, Feb. 10, 1856, and is a son of Franklin K. and Caroline (Deitrich) Ruth, both residents of Vogansville. Franklin Ruth, long a shoemaker at Vogans- ville, was born in Warwick township, Lancaster county, Aug. 29, 1833, and was a son of Henry and. a grandson of' Christian Ruth. His grandmother belonged to the Kurtz family, long since established in Lancaster. Both grandfather and grandmother- were born in the northeastern part of Lancaster coun- ty. Christian Ruth was born and spent the most of his life at Denver, where the family located in pio- neer days, and he became tiie owner of two flourish- nig farms. His second wife was a Miss Ludwick. Henry Ruth, the grandfather of William D.,. was born in 1807, and died in 1876. His home was between Vogansville and Lancaster and the most of his life was spent as a laborer. Catherine Karsh- ner, his wife, died at the early age of twenty-seven years, and was the mother of four children : Eliza- beth, deceased wife of Daniel Brown ; Franklin, the father of William D. ; Abraham, now a farmer in White county, Indiana ; Mary, the widow of George Lawrence, who had his home in Lancaster. Franklin K. Ruth was reared in the vicinity of Denver, Lancaster county, and at the age of six- teen, applied himself to learning the shoemaking trade, which he has followed at Vogansville since - 1866. In politics he is a Republican. In 1854 he was married to Caroline Deitrich, a daughter of George Deitrich. She was born in 1833 in Earl township, and is the mother of a family of ten chil- dren : Mary, the wife of John Eichelburger, of " Ephrata ; William D. ; Elizabeth, the wife of Samuel Hoffman, of Ephrata; Emma, late wife of Jacob- Weam; Catherine, the wife of Israel Dun- woody, of Leola, Lancaster county ; Frank, a clerk in the postoffice at Lancaster; Carrie, the wife of George Reazer, of Lancaster ; Harry, a cigar maker at Vogansville ; Edwin B., a cigar maker at Ephrata ;. Lydia M., deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Ruth were reared in the Lutheran' faith, and are active workers and valued members- of that church. She is a daughter of George an,d' Catherine. (Stoger) Deitrich, and both her parents are dead. Her fatlier was ninety years of age at the - time of his death, and his wife lived to be eighty-fivfe> He was a tailor, and had his shop near Vogansville,.. where he was born and. reared. The Deitrich chil- dren were as follows: Caroline, who married Mr. Ruth : John, a resident of New Holland ; Fannie, the - wife of Jacob Bryan, of East Earl township ; Eliza,, the wife of Jacob Ruth, of East Earl township;: Modisana, a resident of Earl township ; Sanderson,. . whose residence is not known; Jackson, a sailor,, who died in Philadelphia. Several children died in childhood. William D. RuHi recived his education in the- common schools of Vogansville, and at the Millers- ville State Normal School ; at nineteen years of age he left home and taught school in Lancaster county- for five years, and was engaged two terms in the schools of Berks county. From the school room he- went into the cattle business, in w'hich he was en— BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1413 ..gaged for some ten years, handling horses as part of his trade, shipping many from the western part of Pennsylvania, and building up a large trade. In the meantime he was engaged in the hotel business for two years at White Oak, and for eight years was in a livery at Manheim, where he lost heavily by fire. In 1890 he leased the hotel at Martindale and (•operated it for four years, and then was one year at Vogansville. In 1895 he came to Terre Hill, and .the following year purchased the hotel at that point, where he conducted a livery and dealt in horses for . a time. Since 1896 he has very successfully con- ducted the Terre Hill hotel, and has converted it into one of the modern hostelries of that part of Lancaster county. . Mr. Ruth belongs to the I. O. O.-F., No. 413, at New Holland, where he holds membership in the Encampment. He was married in 1875 to Miss Clara Halloch, a daughter of Jeremiah Halloch, of: Rothsville, Lancaster county, and to this union have ■come twelve children : David B., married to Mamie "Wechter, by whom he has two children, Luella and •Clara ; William H., at home, as are Harvey M. and Ada May. The others are all dead. In politics Mr. Ruth affiliates with the Republican party, and the farnily are among the most respected and "lAVorthy in the community. ISAAC H. HILDEBRAND, one of the old and .representative citizens and farmers of Lancaster county, and one of the notable men of Earl town- rship, was born on the farm where he is found today, Feb. 2, 1837, a son of George and Barbara (Hess) Hildebrand. He is a grandson of Michael Hilde- Tirand, whose father also bore the name of Michael, and came from Germany, locating on a farm two -miles southeast of New Holland, which he had pur- -chased about 1788, and which is now owned by Isaac H. Hildebrand. Originally of 102 acres, it now comprises ninety-three. The buildings now on ; the place were erected by him, and in the blacksmith still on the place he made the nails that went into -.the building of the home which is yet standing, for ihe was both a farmer and a blacksmith. In reUgion he held to the Mennonite Church. Michael Hildebrand, the grandfather of Isaac H., was bom on the farm about 1788, was reared there and became one of the leading farmers of the -county. In Earl township he held several of the local offices, being a member of the school board, as well :as a supervisor. After an honorable and useful ' career of ninetv-two years he passed away, leaving behind him a 'most respected name. Married to Miss Barbara Weaver, she bore him three children, • of \vhom George was the father of Isaac H. Hilde- brand; David was a tanner of Earl township; Anna -married Daniel Ranck, of Earl township. George Hildebrand, the father of Isaac H., was Tborn on the farm in Earl township, where he spent Siis life, and where he followed farming as a noble career. ' He became a prominent and substantial cit- izen: He was married to Miss Barbara Hess, a daughter of Christian Hess, a miller, of Paradise township. George Hildebrand "and his wife were the parents of only one child, Isaac H. They be- longed to the Mennonite Church. The father died at the age of seventy-four years, the mother at the age of eighty-one. Isaac H.' Hildebrand was reared to farm life, and received his education in the public and the academic schools. He has always spent his energies on the old home farm, where he is still living. His interest in public affairs is strong, and he has held the office of director of the poor, and has been a member of the board of education for twenty years. In the town he has been supervisor. In his poli- tics he is a Republican. He was married to Miss Catherine Ranck, a daughter of Samuel Ranck. She died at the age of thirty-three, leaving one child, Ida, who is now the wife of John B. Thomas, of Earl township. Mr. Hildebrand was married a second time to Eliza A. Diller, a daughter of John Dil'ler, of East Earl township. Mr. and Mrs. Hilde- brand are both members of the Methodist Church, of which he is a trustee. The family are very highly esteemed in the community in which their useful lives are passing. FRANKLIN BENDER. Among the well- known residents of M echanicsburg. Pa., was Frank- lin Bender, who made his home in that pleasant and prosperous town from 1890 until his death, Dec. 25, 190T, having retired from an active agricul- tural life of many years. Mr. Bender was born in Upper Leacock town- ship, Dec. 7, 1830, a son of Kinzer Bender and his first wife, Mary Weidler, the children of this mar- riage being : Franklin : John, deceased, farmer of Upper Leacock township ; Henry, who died young ; Mary, married to Jacob Burkholder, of Upper Lea- cock township; and WilHam, a resident of Stras- burg. The second marriage of Kinzer Bender was to Susan Weidler, the sister of his former wife, and one son was born of this marriage, Weidler, who died when grown to maturity. The third marriage of Kinzer Bender was to Leah Berkenbine, and to them .were born : George, of Lancaster ; Emma, who married John K. Diem ; Anna, who married Sutton Bearer, a traveling agent; and Salome, deceased. Mrs. Mary (Weidler) Bender died in 1842, the father in September, 1887, at the age of eighty-three years. Both were buried in Heller's Church ceme- tery, and both had been members of the Lutheran Church. Franklin Bender was reared on the home farm and attended the district schools. When he reached maturity he began farming for himself, having been thoroughly taught by his father, who was one of the best farmers of the locality. Mr. Bender was very successful in his operations and retired from activ- ity irr i8qo. with a competency. The first marriage of Mr. Bender was in 1855, 1414 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY in Mechanicsburg, to Miss Eliza Bear, and there were born to this marriage: Mary, who married Doras Buckwalder, a farmer of East Lampeter town- ship; and Greybill, who married Salinda Joe, of Lancaster, Pa. Mrs. Bender was born in Eafl township; she died in 1867, at the age of forty- seven years and was buried in the Lutheran Church cemetery, in Mechanicsburg. She was a daughter of Ephraim and Catherine (Greybill) Bear, of Lan- caster. The second marriage of our subject took place in i86g, in Upper Leacock township, to Miss Mary Irvin, and one daughter was born to this marriage, Ada M., unmarried and residing at home. Mrs. Mary (Irvin) Bender was born in December, 1840, a daughter of John and Catherine (Shaffer) Irvin, of LTpper Leacock township, where she was reared and married. Her parents died there, the father at the age of seventy-eight, in 1880, and the mother in 1875 ; both were buried in Heller's cemetery, and both were members of the Reformed Church. Mr. Bender always took a proniinent part in public affairs , and served acceptably as . supervisor. With his family he was long connected with, the Lutheran Church and was valued there for his exem- plary character. Although living in town where he could enjoy more relaxation and society, Mr. Bender retained possession of his fine farm and understood hew it was being operated. Mr, Bender was consid- ered one of the substantial citizens of that part of the county. ■ MRS. CLARA ECKERT DeHAVEN, the wid- ow of George P. DeHaven, was born in Leacock township, Julv 23, 1823, and is a daughter of Levi and Mary (Sides) Eckert, both natives of Lancas- ter county. , Levi Eckert was born in 1791, and died at the age of seventy-seven years. His wife died May 27, 1877, at the age of seventy-eight years and nine months. Peter Eckert, the grandfather of Mrs. DeHaven, was one of a family of five boys who were brought by their father to this country from Germany, and located in Lancaster county. Peter Eckert became one of the prominent farmers of Lancaster county, and grew verv wealthy. He lived to an advanced age. His wife, Catherine Carpenter, also attained many years. They had a family of seven children : Jacob, who lived and died in Lan- caster county; George, a rich farmer, who had his home in the eastern part of this county; William, who also had his home in the Eastern part of Lan- caster county, and became very wealthy in farm- ing ;■ Levi, the father of Mrs. DeHaven ; Elizabeth, married to Samuel Brubaker; Mary, who married Adam Diller; Catherine, who married John Gray- bill. Levi Eckert, the father of Mrs. DeHaven, spent his life in the vicinity of Intercourse, where he was the owner of many broad acres, and enjoved a cred- itable standing in the community. His honest in- dustry and upright character won him a wide circle of friends. In his own home he was a kind and in- dulgent father, and in all the relations of life a Christian gentleman ; he was a member of the Ger- man Reformed Church. He married Mary Sides^ who became the mother of five children: Caroline^ deceased wife of John Bair, of Leacock township,., also deceased; Clara, the subject of this sketch; El- mira, who died unmarried; Peter, deceased, was a- resident of Leacock township ; Ottamer, who died at the. age of thirty-six years. Mrs. DeHaven was married Dec. 17, 1842, to« George P. DeHaven, a descendant of Isaac De- Haven, who came, from prance at an early day and settled in Morgantown, Pa., where he became the sire of a numerous family of honorable and hard- working people. . Mrs. DeHaven with her son William and her two> daughters, Clara and Jennie, resides on the beauti- ful homestead just east of the borough of New Hol- land, where they have a home of comfort and refine- ment. They are all members of the Presbyterian^ Church, ancl the family are counted among the most worthy and respected citizens of the community. H. G. HOW.ETT, .one of the prominent and' substantial farmers of Little Britain township, re- sides on the old home farm of 105 acres situated one- mile south of Kirks Mills. The old stone family mansion has weathered the storms of 135 years,, and still affords comfortable shelter to, the last generation. Mr. Howett's birth occurred April 21, 1841, irr Colerain township, Lancaster county, his parents being Amos and Catherine (McVey) Howett, of Fulton township. Amos Howett was a son of Amos- who was a hero of the Revolutionary war, of Irish extraction, who reared a family of ten children r John, James, Amos, Daniel, Joseph, Hannah, Peter, surviving, the others dying in childhood. Amos Howett, the father of H. G. of this sketch, married Catherine McVey about 1843, she being a<. daughter of Henry McVey, of a family well knowm through the State of Pennsylvania. Seven children\ were born to this union: Anna, who died young;: H. G., of this sketch ; Hannah, who is the wife of" David McKinzie, of Oxford, Pa. ; Alice, who is the wife of Kelse McClurg, of Oxford, Pa. ; Edith, who is the wife of Thomas Cochran, of Oxford; Eliza- beth, who is the wife of Hugh Dunlap, a miller of Oxf ord ; and Eber, who married Ella Wright, andl lives in Maryland. H. G. Howett of this sketch was reared on the- farm and received his education in the public schools, of his township. His tastes led him to embrace- an agricultural life and he has made a success of his farming operations, being regarded as one of the best farmers in the township. Mr. and Mrs.. Howett own the fine farm upon which they reside and there enjoy an almost ideal country home, sur- rounded with the advantages , of rural life, while BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1415 near enough to the village of Kirks Mills to enjoy the social features there. Mr. Howett was married Nov. 20, 1873, to Miss Alice Wright, who was born Feb. 13, 1849, a daugh- ter of Jamies and Sidonia Wright, of Little Britain township. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Howett: Margaret, who is a teacher in the schools of Lancaster county; and Granville and Gilpen, at home. • Mrs. Howett's grandfather, Thomas Wright, came to America from Ireland and was an early set- tler in Southern Lancaster county. His children were: William, Thomas, Joseph, Samuel, John, Enoch, Jane, Margaret, James and Robert, all passed from earth. Ten children were born to the parents of Mrs. Howett: Mary Ann, Joseph L., Sidonia and Benjamin (deceased) the latter from the kick of a horse ; Thomas, a resident of Rising Sun, Md. ; Emily, deceased; Margaret, residing in Maryland, unmarried; James, a resident of Maryland; Eliza- beth, of Little Britain township ; and Alice, the wife of Mr. Howett. Mr. Howett and family belong to the Presby- terian Church, where he is one of the liberal sup- porters of its Christian extension work, and he has long Been an active and influential member of the Republican party. In the estimation of his locality Mr. Howett stands high, as one of the honorable citizens, good neighbors and reliable friends, whose influence may always be counted upon to be on the side of morality and education. HENRY M. GRAVER (deceased) was a na- tive of Conestoga township, Lancaster county, was born in 1814, lived on a farm all his life, and died in his native township in 1896, a member of the Men- nonite Church. P'or a number of years Henry Graver was a school director, was well informed on most subjects and was a man of wide acquaintance. To his rnarriage with Miss Mary Meek, of Lam- peter township, a daughter of John Meek, were born seven children, viz. : John, of Conestoga township ; Susan, deceased wife of Jonas Hoover; Elizabeth, deceased ; Mary, deceased wife of George Henry ; Henry M. ; Catherine, wife of Martin Souder, of Manor township; and Martin, of Conestoga town- ship. Henry M. Graver, Jr., was born on the Graver homestead in Conestoga township, April 14, 1853, was educated in the public schools and lived on the home place until after his marriage in 1877. In 1880 he came to Manor township and located on a farm near Safe Harbor, where he carried on farm- ing until 1892, and then purchased his present farm of twenty-five acres, adjoining Millersville on the west, improved it with an attractive dwelling and substantial out-buildings, does general farming and is looked upon as one of the most progressive men of the township. In January, 1877, Henry M. Graver married Miss Elizabeth Shertzer, daughter of Benjamin Shertzer. To this marriage no children have been born, but in the kindness of their hearts, Mr. and Mrs. Graver have reared one child, Lizzie, from her fourth year. Mr. and Mrs. Graver are members of the Old M.ennonite society and are held in high esteem by all who know them. WASHINGTON MONTGOMERY, one of the old and respected farmers of Colerain township, Lancaster county, was born in August, 1826, and is a son of John (Sr.) and Jane (Bailey) Mont- gomery. John Montgomery, Sr., was born in Ireland and his wife in Chester county. She was a daughter of James and Mary (Harkins) Bailey, who took rank and standing in the Revolutionary days as sturdy and incorruptible patriots. John Montgomery, Sr., did his first work at the Wither's Furnace in Eden township. After being in the United States a few years he married Jane Bailey, and bought the farm later owned by his son, John. Here he cleared a fine farm, consisting of a hundred and sixty acres, putting up a house and a bank barn, and other im- provements, and here he died in 1841. His widow remained at the home until Oct. 15, 1858, when she passed to her rest. They had a family of seven chil- dren : ( T ) Mary J. married Henry Radey, of Phila- delphia, a currier and tanner, who became a wealthy business man. They had one daughter, Mary, now married and living in Philadelphia. (2) Louisa Montgomery married Alexander Noble, of Phila- delphia, a dry goods merchant. She died in Octo- ber, 1900, leaving one daughter, Emma, now the wife of George Barelow, of Philadelphia. (3) Jeremiah Montgomery married Thomas McAllister, of Ox- ford, Chester county, where she died, leaving one son, John, who was killed in the Civil War. (4) Francina Montgomery married Samuel Gillespie, who was reared in Colerain township ; they moved to Philadelphia, where she died, leaving three children, Anna, John, and Mary, all living in that city. (5) John JVIontgomery, Jr., born April 6, 1820, received the advantages of district school education, and was married in January, 1857, to Rebecca, the daughter of John and Anna (Carr) Drugin, both of whom were born in Ireland, where they died, leaving her to the care of her grandfather, Robert Carr. Mrs. Montgomery was born in County Ty- rone, July 17, 1842, and was brought by her grand- parents to this country in 1844, and was reared by them in Colerain township, where they lived and died on a farm. Mr. Montgomery settled on the old- Montgomery homestead, where he died in Septem- ber 1900, leaving a widow and eight children: (a)' John F. (3), born in 1858, when a 3-oung man went to Angus, Minnesota, where he was in business as a merchant. He married Miss Hellen McAvoy, of that place, (b) M. D., born in i860, married Miss Kate Seiner, of Colerain township, and they have a farm adjoining his father's place. They have one daughter, Emily, (c) Washington G., born in 1416 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1862, is unmarried and at home, (d) Anna J., born in 1864, married Abram Ferguson, a farmer of Col- erain township, and is the mother of three children, Montgomery, Noble and Helen, (e) Lizzie K., born in 1866, married Howard Humpshire, of Bart- viile, where he is a merchant. She died leaving one daughter, Olive, (f) Dr. Mary L., born in 1868, graduated at the Swarthmore College, and from the Woman's Medical College, of Philadelphia. She practiced a year in Boston, and then mar- ried Dr. William March, of Westmoreland county. Pa. They have a home at Mt. Pleasant, where they are engaged in the practice of their profession, (g) Harry R., born in 1872, was educated at the home schools ; he is unmarried and lives at home, (h) Durbin A., born in 1876, graduated from the Gold- man College,' of Wilmington, Del., and is a book- keeper for the Quaker City Beef Company, at Sun- bui-y, Pa. Mr. Montgomery was a Democrat and held various local oftices. The family are all Presby- terians and have always taken an active part in the work of the church. (6) Manassas Montgomery, born in 1 824, married Violet Scott, of Philadelphia, and located in that city, where he engaged in business as a leather dealer. He died in 1887, leaving a widow and four children: Violet and Laura, who are deceased ; Katie ; and Harry, who is a plumber, living in his native city. (7) Washington' Montgomery, whose name in- troduces this article, is the youngest member of this old and honored family, was reared on the parental estate, and became manager for his father, after the death of his mother in 1863. For a time he was en- gaged in West Virginia, and later, at Philadelphia, he was engaged in the tannery business some six; teen years. At the end of that period he came back to the old home in Colerain, and purchased the Moses Brinton farm, on which he made very general im- provements. He has never married. Before he bought his present horne, he sold his interest in the family patrimony to his brother John. He has al- ways adhered to the old Democratic faith. He be- longs to St. John's Lodge, No. 115, A. F. & A. M., at Philadelphia. Like others of his name he has taken a leading position in the community, and has passed a life free from reproach. RICHARD J. DERRICK, the popular hotel keeper at Herrville, is well known and thoroughly liked in his section of Lancaster, county. Calvin A. Derrick, father of- Richard J. Der- rick, was horn in Columbia, Pa., Aug. 10, 1829, and passed his early life in his native place, living at home until he was about twenty-one years of age. He was educated in the common schools of the coun- ty. His first position was with the Pennsylvania Railroad, known then as the State Railroad, where he was employed as fireman, and afterward promot- ed to the position of engineer. Mr. Derrick ran an engine over the road for years. After leaving the railroad he started in the butchering business, in Columbia, under the firm name of Wike & Derrick, and carried on this business for some years. He then bought a farm in Martic township, and engaged in agricultural pursuits until 1890, in which year he retired, moving back to his birthplace, Columbia, where he died Feb. 18, 1899. Calvin A. Derrick was a stanch Republican, but never sought office. Fraternally he was a member of tiie I. O. O. F., at Rawflnsville, and the K. P. at the same place. In religion he was a member of the German Reformed Church at Columbia. Richard Derrick married Miss Catherine Johnson of Lan- caster, and to this union were born two children : Richard, subject of this sketch, and Mary, who died in childhood. Richard J. Derrick was born in Columbia Dec. 31, 1857, received a common school education, and remained at home until he was twenty-seven years of age. He then went to Lancaster city, where for five years he held a position with the street car com- pany. After this he went into the hotel business with John A. Shink. For about a year they ran a hotel on the southeast corner of the Square in Lancaster. For another year Mr. Derrick was at the "Engle- side Hotel," after which he purchased the hotel of which he is now the proprietor. On July 25, 1879, Mr. Derrick married Miss Annie QDchnaner, of Providence township, and they are the parents of two children : Milton, who lives at home ; and Calvin A., who died in infancy. Mr. Derrick takes a keen interest in the welfare of his community, and in business and social circles is respected and esteemed for his many sterling quaHties. In politics he has always affiKated with the RepuWicatn party, but has never sought office. He is a member of Emanuel Lodge, No. 1104, I. O. O. F., of Lancaster; of Lodge No. 99, K. M., Lancaster: of the K. P. at Rawlinsville, in which order he has passed all the chairs ; and of the G. E. C, at Rawlinsville, in which also he has passed all the chairs. DR. THOMAS FRANCIS McELLlGOTT, one of the rising young professional men of Mt. Joy, has secured for himself the confidence and pat- ronage of the pubHc, and has been recognized as an able leader in the ranks of the Democratic party. The Mrth of Dr. McElligott occurred in the city of Lancaster. Jan. 6, 1874, a son of Thomas F. and Clara L. (Norbeck) • McElligott, the former of whom was a native of New York City and the latter of Gettysburg, Pa. Thomas F. McElligott was born a few days after the arrival of his parents in Amer- ica from Ireland, and while still a child he accom- panied them to Lancaster, and still resides there, where he has always taken a prominent position in the affairs of the city. Mr. McElHgott is the effi- cient reporter of the Lancaster Intelligencer. Be- fore he was twenty-one years old, he served as a city alderman, for twelve years acted on the school board and has been connected with many of the dif- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF' LANCASTER COUNTY 1417 Jerent organizations, political, fraternal and social, in the city. He was born in 1847, and his wife in 185 1. They both are consistent members of the Catholic Church. Dr. McElligott is their only child. In politics, Mr. McElligott is a Democrat. The paternal grandparents were Jeremiah and Anna McElligott, both of whom died in Lancaster county, where the former had followed the trade of blacksmith for many years, and at his death owned considerable land. The children born to Jeremiah and his wife were : Hannah, a resident of Lancaster county ; and Thomas F., also of Lan- caster. The maternal grandfather was Louis Nor- beck, of Baltimore, Md., where he conducted a gen- eral store, and where he died, his wife passing away in Lancaster. Dr. iUcElligott was reared in Lancaster, and for a time, about the age of eighteen, engaged in clerk- ing, but his mind was fixed upon a professional career and in 1892 he entered the University of Pennsylvania, remaining two years and then going to the Philadelphia Dental College from which he was graduated on March 18, 1895, immediately opening up an office in Lancaster. In 1897 he re- moved to Mt. Joy, since which time he has been prominently identified with much of its public and official life. As an active Democrat he has been made president of the Democratic club, and he is fra- ternally connected with the Knights of St. John's and the Knights of St. Michaels, of Lancaster. The marriage of Dr. McElligott took place on June 20, 1895, to Mary V. Gill, a daughter of James and Bridget (Gallagher) Gill, the former of Gal- way and the latter of Donegal, Ireland. One son has been born to the Doctor and his estimable wife, Thomas Giles. Of pleasing personality and pro- fessional skill, Dr. McElligott has Won the confi- dence of the public and his practice is already an absorbing one. As a politician his ability has been remarked, and in social life, he has also become a factor. A student, he understands and makes use of all modern discoveries and some of his work has - won for him much praise in the profession. WILLIAM R. RICE, general farmer of Union Square, Rapho township, was born in Lebanon countv, Feb. 17, 1844, son of Philip and Lucinda (Reinoehl) Rice, of Lebanon, Pa., the parents re- moving to Rapho township, where they remained -thirty -two years on one farm, when they moved to another farm near Mastersonville, and then, in 1869 to the place where William R. Rice now resides. Philip Rice, the father, was a farmer and shoe- maker. He died in 1887, at the age of sixty years, and his wife followed him to the grave in 1894, at the age of seventy years. They are buried m the Mastersonville cemetery. They were members of the Lutheran Church. Their two children were : Miss Mary, who lives with her brother; and William R., the subject of this sketch. On Nov. 27, 1873, Mr. Rice married Miss Mana Shelley, of Lancaster. There have been born to this union the following children: Alice S., and Har- vey S., who died young; and Lucetta S., Harry S., Philip S., Maria S., Katie S. and William S., all of whom are at home with their parents. Mrs. Will- iam R. Rice was born in Rapho township, July 31, 1851, daughter of Peter and Maria (Ritter) Shel- ley, of Rapho township, the former of whom was a farmer until about six years prior to his death, which occurred June 8, 1889, at the age of seventy-five years, and the latter died in September, 1874, at the age of fi:fty-six years. They are buried in Griders' Meeting House cemetery. Both were members of the German Baptist Church. To Peter Shelley and wife were born the following children: Anna R., widow of Benjamin Brubaker, of Manheim; Eliza- beth R. (deceased), married to John Brubaker; Joseph R., deceased ; Jacob R., supervisor of Man- heim township ; Harriet R., widow of Amos .Brene- man, of Petersburg; Anthony R., deceased; Bar- bara R., widow of A. Chafner, of Manheim ; Maria, wife of William R. Rice ; John R., deceased ; Peter R., a farmer of Rapho township ; and Emma R., de- ceased. Mrs. Rice's grandparents were Abraharh and PZsther (Shoemaker) Shelley, of Lancaster county. Mr. Rice has remained on his present farm since he moved on it in 1869, and he will undoubtedly pass the remainder of his days there. He is a Re- publican and takes some interest in politics, having been supervisor for three years. He is a thor- oughly practical man, fully alive to the force of pass- ing events, and a man of influence in his community. The family is well known and respected, and is wide- ly known, Mr. Rice's father being a prominent and wealthy maft of the township. JOHN W. McGlNNIS has since 1895 success- fully conducted the "Exchange Hotel" at Mt. Joy, Lancaster Co., Pa., which is the leadiTig hostelry in the place. He was born in the city of Lancas- ter, June 12, T 86 1, a son of Thomas and Sarah (Par- nell) McGinnis, representatives of old families in the county. In his native city he was reared and edu- cated, and at the age of sixteen began learning the trade of coach trimmer, at which he was employed for seven years by D. Altie & Son. During the fol- lowing three years he held a position as salesman with Abraham .Springer Brown, and was then em- ployed at the depot restauraiit in Lancaster until coming to Mt. Joy in 1895. He is a man well adapt- ed to his present business, being genial, obliging and progressive, and in this undertaking has been eminently successful. Mr. McGinnis was married in 1880 to Miss Mary A. Snyder, also a native of Lancaster, and a daughter of Michael and Marguerite Snyder. By this union two children have been born, Mary S. and John A. In his social relations, Mr. McGinnis is a member of Lancaster Lodge No. 134, B. P. O. E. ; Island City Lodge, No. 88, K. P. ; and Fulton 1418 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Castle, No. lo, K. G. E. Politically he is a stanch Republican, and takes advantage of any and ' all opportunities for proinoting the advancement of his party's interests. JOHN M. HAVERSTICK, son of Levi Haver- stick, was born on the Haverstick homestead near Washington borough. Manor township, Lancaster county, Jan. 9, 1855, was educated in the common schools and was reared on the home farm as an as- sistant to his father, although the natural trend of his mind was toward mechanical pursuits; yielding to the persuasions and representations of his father, he continued on the farm and probably does not to- day repent his decision so to do, as success has re- warded him for his labors in this field of industry. Mr. Haverstick, however, cannot break away from his penchant towards mechanics, and has erect- ed on his farm a workshop in which much of his spare time is passed in perfecting his previously conceived notions of various mechanical devices, handling with equal facility steel, iron or wood, and shaping these to suit his notions. But this work- shop is conducted simply for his amusement and not for profit, as the latter is derived from the cul- tivation of his farm ; this comprises eighty-nine acres and lies contiguous to Washington borough. The marriage of John M. Haverstick and Elvina C. Warfel took place in 1879. This lady was a daughter of Valentine Warfel, and was called away from earth June 22, 1891, at the age of thirty-two years, the mother of four children, viz. : Clara May, Harry Hoyt, Florence Ray (who died an in- fant) and Charles Arthur. In religion the father of this family is a Mennonite, has always led a strictly moral life, and stands high in the esteem of his fellow-citizens. CHRISTIAN N. MUMMA, who has conducted a meat market in Mt. Joy since 1894, is one of the progressive young business men of that place, and , is gaining a solid footing among its most substantial I citizens. ; IVlr. Mimima was born Dec. 16, 1869, in East Donegal township, this county, son of Jacob S. Mumma, and grandson of Jonas Mumma, the last njimed a native of Rapho township. Jonas Mumma was a farmer by occupation and settled on a place in East Donegal township, where he and his wife both died. He married Catherine Shirk, of Rapho township. Jacob S. Mumma was born in 1845, on the farm in East Donegal township where he yet lives, and has engaged successfully in farming and dairying. He is one of the respected citizens of his locality, and has served four years as school director inhis district. Mr. Mumma married Miss Rebecca Nissley, who was born in Mt. Joy township, daugh- ter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Graybill) Nissley, farm- ing people of this county. Mr. Nissley at one time represented his district in the State Legislature. To Mr. and Mrs. Jacob S. Mumma have been born chil- dren as follows : Anna, who married Harry Rich,, cashier of the First National Bank of Marietta;. Christian N. : Catherine, married to George Best,, of Lancaster; Minnie, of Philadelphia, a trained nurse, who is now attending the University of Penn- sylvania; Jacob N., engaged at steam fitting in Reading, Pa. : Bessie, at home ; John, at home ; Ella,, deceased; and Harry, at home. The mother is a* member of the Mennonite Church. Christian N. Mumma received his education in. the public schools of his locality^ and remained un- der the parental roof until he had reached his ma- jority. His first year away from home was spent in Texas, where he was employed on a ranch. On re- turning to Pennsylvania he located . in Marietta, where he remained three years, working in a flour mill with his brother-in-law, Mr. Rich. He then spent another year at home before coming to Mt^ Joy, where in November, 1894, he embarked in the- butcher's business, to which he has since given his entire time and attention. Mr. Mumma enjoys a lucrative trade won by honest dealing, which, cou- pled with thrift and good judgment, is bound to bring success. He has high standing in the commun- ity, of which he received substantial evidence in the spring of 1900, when he was elected to the borough council. His political support is given to the Re- publican party. On Oct. 26, 1894, Mr. Mumma was married in Lancaster to Miss Lillie Hofifman, Rev. Dr. Mitchells performing the cererhony. Three children have come to this union, Matilda H., Bernice, deceased,, and Mark. Mr. Mumma attends the Bethel Church' of God, in which he holds membership. Fraternally he belongs to the I. O. R. M. Mrs. Lillie (Hoffman) Mumma was born in^ 1869 in Stacktown, Conoy township, Lancaster county, daughter of Benjamin and Elizabeth (Rhodes) Hoffman, of East Donegal township. Mr.. and Mrs. Hoffman now reside 'in Conoy township, where he is engaged extensively in farming and to- bacco dealing. JOHN F. BALMER, a venerable resident of Elizabethtown, whose career as a soldier of the Union deserves special mention, and whose indus- trious life as a plasterer should not be lightly passedi over, was born in Mt. Joy township, June 13, 1835. Mr. Balmer is a son of Hon. Daniel and Harriet (Fisher) Balmer, natives, respectively, of Mt. Joyr township, and Elizabethtown. Both parents died- \yhile absent from their home in Elizabethtown. The father came to Elizabethtown in 1837 and en- gaged in the mercantile business, his previous life having been passed in farming. For fifteen years he was a justice of the peace, and in 1843 was sent to the- State Legislature. In his later years he was en- gaged in carpentering. He died in December, 1884, at the age of seventy-eight years ; his widow sur- vived him three years, and died in- 1887 at the age- of seventy. They were buried in Mt.. Tunnel, cem:- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1419" etery. Both were members of the Reformed Church, and had the following family : John F., whose name appears above ; Israel P., a contractor and carpenter in Elizabethtown ; Daniel W., of Elizabethtown, who has been justice of the peace, and operated a bakery, and was a heutenant in the Union army dur- ing the war of the Rebellion ; Eliza (deceased), who i married George W. Lewis ; Mary L., who died j young ; Abraham F., a physician at Brookville, Pa. ; ; Margaret I., the wife of T. W. Nissley, a machinist i of Reading, Pennsylvania. I The first of the family, the great-grandfather of ; John F. Balmer, settled in Lancaster county, on the site of what is now Reamstown. He was a black- smith and nail maker for the government, taking an active part in the Revolution. Samuel Balmer, his son, and tlie grandfather of John F,, married Elizabeth Shell, also a native of Lancaster county. He was a farmer and a successful man of affairs. John Fisher, the maternal grandfather of John F. Balmer, married Ann Eliza Cremer, of Mt. Joy town- ship, and lived in Elizabethtown, where he followed the occupation of a drover and farmer. John F. Balmer was married Nov. i8, 1866, in Elizabethtown, to Sarah A. Ebersole, by whom he had the following children: Maggie C, living at home ; Ina M., deceased ; Ida L., at home ; A. EUis, a railroad fireman, living at home; Sarah C, oper- ator at the telephone office, living at home ; Christ E., night operator at the telephone office, living at home ; Eva L., deceased ; John A., at home. Mrs. Sarah A. (Ebersole) Balmer was born in Conoy township, and is a daughter of John and Sarah A. (Seyfert) Ebersole, both natives of Conoy township, where the father died in 1846 at the age of forty-iive years. He was a farmer and a man of industrious habits and good character. The mother died in Elizabethtown Feb. 13, 1896, at the age of eighty-four years. They were both interred in Mt. Tunnel Cemetery. Mr. and Mrs. Ebersole were members of the Mennonite communion, and had the following children : Christian S., a grocer of Nor- ristown, Pa., deceased; Catherine, widow of John L. Good, of Cumberland county ; John, who was a produce merchant in Elizabethtown, deceased; Fanny, wife of John B. Engle, of Cumberland coun- ty ; Levi, a retired farmer of Whitley county, Ind. ; Aaron, unmarried, of Elizabethtown; Sarah A., whose name appears above. John Ebersole, the paternal grandfather of Mrs. Balmer, lived in Lancaster county. Anthony Sey- fert, the maternal grandfather of Mrs. Balmer, mar- ried Miss Shiley, . and died in Lancaster county, at the age of forty-four years ; he was born Sept. 26, John F. Balmer came to Elizabethtown with his parents when he was only two years old, and was reared on the farm, where he remained untd he reached the age of eighteen years. In 1870 he viras compelled to give up farm work on account of ill- health that came from the exposure and hardships- of army life. Mr. Balmer enlisted in Co. I, 77th P. V. I., uu:- der Capt. JohnBelL He participated in the closing, scenes of the great war, but was not wounded though he contracted disease, and spent several months in the hospital, being discharged from the Chestnut Hill- Hospital in August, 1865, After his dismissal from the hospital Mr. Balmer came home and worked for about a year at his trade as his health permitted, being able tP do little, or nothing, for the first ten months. As his health came back he worked more steadily at his trade and has long since become one of the leading men of the community. Mr. Balmer has been a member of the council and for a number of years was assessor. In the Reformed Church of. which he is a member his standing is good, and he is known as one of the reliable men connected with church work. Mr. Balmer is a Republican, and receives a pension of thirty dollars a month from the Government, a just recognition of the severity of the disease that followed him from the army, and. the suffering he has undergone. JOSEPH K. HABECKER. Mr. Habecker'&- family is of Swiss origin, the first American ances- tor having emigrated to the American colonies from- the indomitable European republic early in the eigh- teenth century. Christian, the father of Joseph Habecker, was- one of Manor township's resolute and successfuli farmers. He inherited a portion of the old family homestead farm, which embraced about 150 acres,, and stretched northward from Central Manor. This- tract may be said to have been the nesting place of. this old and esteemed Lancaster family. The first, division of the land was made between Christian and. David, the first named being the father of Mr. Jos- eph Habecker. Christian was a Democrat fromi principle and thoroughly lived up to his political i creed. He was his party's local leader, and filled i many offices within the gift of his fellow townsmen, . who held him in high regard. In church affairs he was even more prominent than in civil matters ; for more than four decades he was virtually the leader' and principal supporter of the church of his de- ' nomination, which was long known as the "Ha- becker" Church. Since his death his son, Joseph,, has succeeded to the same position of influence. Christian Habecker died in i860, in his seventy-sec- ond year. His wife was Elizabeth, the daughter of Isaac Kauffman. Eight children were born to them, as follows ; Isaac, a farmer, who died at the age of fifty-one ; Esther, deceased wife of Ephraim Rohrer, of Manor ; Christian, who died in childhood ; Eliza- beth, the widow of Christian Habecker ; Maria, Mrs. P. W. Heistandt, of Millersville ; John, who died at the age of seventeen years ; Joseph K., the subject of the present sketch ; Jacob, a farmer in. Rapho townt- ship. 1420 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Joseph K. Habecker was born Nov. 30, 1834. He received such education as was obtainable in the district schools of the time, and continued to assist his father on the farm until he was twenty-four years old, when he was married; but in 1859 his father's failing health compelled him to assume the management of the property, and when in i860 the elder man died, Joseph K. succeeded to the inheri- tance. Mr. Habecker's success has been pronounced, if not phenomenal. He owns one hundred and thirty acres of fertile, well-watered land, on which are all improvements known to the modern agriculturist. While devoting close personal attention to his farm, lie yet finds time to look after other large financial interests which claini his notice. He is a stockhold- er in the Moimtville National Bank, of which he was One of the incorporators. He was also one of the promoters and organizers of the Fair View Flan- nel Mills, in which he yet retains an interest. He also owns stock in the Lancaster Hardware Com- pany. Ill 1858 he was mairried to Miss Hettie Charles. She was a daughter of Joihn Charles and Susan Herr, and to this marriage has come a family of nine childrefl : Joseph, who died in childhood ; John, a bachelor, and living at home ; Christian C, who married Anna Gamper, and lives on the Manor fafm ; Elizabeth C, unmarfied ; David C, deceased ; Jacob C, married to Fannie Lindemann ; Amos C, unmarried ; Charles C, and Harry C, who are also single and w'ith their unmarried brothers and sis- ters live at home with their parents. Mr. Habecker is an active and earnest member of the Mennonite Church and has contributed lib- erally toward its supix)rt and growth. GEORGIC BARD, one of the leading business citizens of Mechanicsburg, Lancaster county, was torn in Upper Leacock township, on July 30, 1856, and he was a son of George and Caroline (Shindle) Bard, natives of Upper Leacock and Manor town- ships, respectively. George Bard, the father of our subject, came to Mechanicsburg about 1833. He was born May 6, 1809, and his useful life ended Aug. 20, 1873, his burial being in the Zion Lutheran Church cemetery. His parents were Michael and Catherine (Waist) Bard. George Bard was married on Dec. 15, 1836, in Lancaster, to Miss Caroline Shindle, and the chil- dren born to this union were : Margaret, who mar- ried Samuel Shaub,. and lives in Reading, Pa. ; Catherine, unmarried, who lives in Mechanicsburg ; Susannah, who married Abram Groff, and lives in East Petersburg; Wayne, who resides in Upper Leacock township; David, who lives in Chester county; Mary Ann, who married Rudy Brown, and lives in East Earl township; Elias, a farmer in Mechanicsburg; Salinda, who married Rudy Frankheiser, of Lancaster; Lucy, deceased J\Iay 25, 1899, who was the wife of Adam Miller, of East Lampeter township; and George, of Mechan- icsburg. Mr. Bard was a successful farmer and became prominent in pubUc matters and was a lead- ing member of the Lutheran Church. The mother of our subject was born in Manor township, March 4, 1818, and died Oct. 12, 1898. The early rearing of George Bard, the subject of this sketch, was similar to that of almost every prominent citizen of this country. The biographer finds some knowledge of the soil connected with the past of almost all, even when a little later other lines of business have been entered, and such was the case with Mr. Bard. At the age of eighteen he began the trade of machinist, leaviiig the farm to the management of other members of the family, and he remained under the able instruction of Val- entine Andes for a period covering six and one-half years ; he then entered upon his present line, that of dealer in agricultural implements, his stodc con- sisting of agricyltural machinery, paints, oils, etc. Mr. Bard w'as united in marriage Nov. 13, 1887, in Mechanicsburg, to Miss Mary Andes, and these children have been born to him and his wife, Ruth, Mary A., Richard A., Levi A., Nelson A., Miriam, and George A., all bright and intelligent, promising to become excellent and Useful citizens under the guidance of a wise father and a most estimable mother. Mrs. Bard was born in Mechanicsburg, and was a daughter of Levi D. Andes, a retired manufacturer. Politically Mr. Bard has always been connected with the Democratic party, while religiously the family is connected with the Lutheran Church. Mr. Bard takes an active interest in many public enter- prises and his financial standing is established by his connection with the Northern National Bank, in which he has been a director for the psast five years. The business and social standing of Mr. Bard is equally high and he is a thoroughly representative citizen. ELI AMENT. The Ament family is one of the oldest and most respected in Lancaster county. Our subject's great-grandparents were natives of Ger- many, whence they came to America in an early day, making tTieir permanent home in Lancaster county. George Ament, grandfather of Eli, did a pros- perous teaming business in the early days, carrying goods between Philadelphia and Pittsburg when rail- way connections between those cities were a dream of the fviture. He was a man of many resources; by trade a carpet weaver, in his later hfe he became a farmer, and at the same time carried on business as a butcher. He lived to an advanced age, dying in May, 1880. He married Catherine Herr, daughter of Christian Herr, of Lancaster county, and they reared a family of eight children, viz. : Christian ; Catherine, who married Martin Manning, of High- ville, this county ; Elizabeth, who married Christ Kaufman, of Highville; Mary Ann and Elias, both BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1421 deceased; Henry H.; and Abraham and Fanny, twins, the former a resident of Highville, and the latter the wife of Jacob Kaufman (brother of Christ), of Lancaster. The parents were members of the Lutheran Church. Mrs. Ament passed away in 1885. Christian Ament, the father of the prominent citizen of Manor township, who is named above, was born in 1.821, and died in his seventieth year. He was a farmer, owning seventy acres of land, which now belongs to his son Eli. He married Hannah, a daughter of John and Rosanna, Crupp, who emigrated from Germany to America, and set- tled in York county. Pa. John Crupp died at the age of forty-five, and his wife in her seventy-sixth year. To Christian Ament and his wife were born two children, Elizabeth and EH, Elizabeth being the wife of Joseph McDonald, of Manor township. Eli Ament was born Jan. 16, 185 1. He grew to manhood on the paternal farm and, when advanc- ing age began to impair the physical powers of his father, he assumed its entire management. At the, death of the latter, he purchased the interest of the other heirs in the estate and continued to reside at the old homestead until 1899. In that year he re- moved to a farm adjoining, located about one mile southwest of Letort, which he had purchased the pre- vious year. This place embraces 186 acres, and was formerly known as the Catherine Hershey farm. Mr. Ament is one of Lancaster's most enterprising farmers, and his land is among the most highly im- proved plots in the county. He is thoroughly wide awake, keeping in close touch with every advance in scientific agriculture. In. addition to general farming he cultivates flowering plants, vegetables and fruit extensively, in hot houses and forcing beds, and finds a ready and profitable market for the same in the city of Lancaster. Since 1892 he has owned and operated two threshing machines, both of which are kept constantly busy in the harvest seasons. , In public affairs he has ever shown a progressive spirit, guided by sound judgment and an enlightened con- servatism. Itt 187s Mr. Ament married Mary, a daughter of Benjamin and Hattie Dietrich. The issue of the union has been fourteen children, twelve of whom are living, namely: H«nry, Hettie, Ross, Ira, Mary, Barbara, Lydia, Fannie, Christian, Ada, Annie and Eli. The two who died were named Clara and Roy. Mr. and Mrs. Ament are members of the Reformed Mennonite Church. BYRON T. REEMSNYDER, M. D., a promi- nent phvsician and surgeon of Hinkletown, Lancas- ter county, was born in Ephrata township, Lancas- ter countv, near Akron, July 23, 1853, and is a son of Dr. Henrv and Mary J. (Gray) Reemsnyder, a grandson of Samuel Reemsnyder, and a great-grand- son of Herman Reemsnyder, who was a native of Germany, and immigrated to this country in early manhood. Herman Reemsnyder married in Berks county,, where he settled, but later removed to Chester coun- ty. His wife belonged to the Musser family. In. his active years he was a cabinet maker and Dr. Byron J. Reemsnyder has in his possession a small, cabinet which has descended to him from the founder of the family in this country. Herman Reemsny- der was buried at Honeybrook, where his last years, were passed. He was a soldier in the war of the Revolution and received a wound from which he- never fully recovered, though he lived to an ad- vanced age. In his family were many children,, but the names of only two sons and three daughters:, are on record. Samuel is noted above as the grand- father of Dr. Byron J. John removed to Ohio. Sal- lie married Samuel Vogan, and lived in Earl town- ship, where she attained a great age, living a widow many years; the Vogan family founded the village,: of Vogansville. Two daughters of Herman Reeni-- snyder were married to men by the name of Snoder... The father of these children was a man of more- than the usual intelligence and left many poems- bearing on the Revolution, as well as on religious. : topics. The latter part of his life was spent in Lan^ '[ caster county. Samuel Reemsnyder, the grandfather of Dr._ Byron J., was a cabinet maker, and had more than a local reputation as a carpenter and builder. He- owned and conducted a farm near Earlville, A . man of broad and progressive spirit, he was a de- voted' member of the Reformed Church. His first , wife bore him a large family. On her death he ' married a widow, Mrs. Rock, but to this union no ► children were born. Henry Reemsnyder, the father of Dr. Byron J., was born at Talmage in 1825 and died in 1877. He ; was reared on the farm and attended the public - schools. While still a young man, he entered the office of Dr. Weidler, of Mechanicsburg, where he- began the study of medicine, and took his degree from the Pennsylvania Medical College at Phila- delphia. Coming out of college, he located at Akron,., Lancaster county, where he was engaged in the practice of his profession for many years. In con- nection with medicine he took up dentistry and be- came very proficient. For some years he had a drug- store in Lancaster. During the Civil war he wore- the "Union blue," entering the service as First Lieu- tenant of Co. F, 9th Pa. Cav., a position which he 1 shortly afterward resigned in order to accept the ■ I captaincy of another company. He was in active- service for eighteen mcaitha, ajid was honorably dis- ; charged on account of physical disability. 1 At the conclusion of his military service. Dr. ] Henry Reemsnyder returned to Lancaster county, j broken in health, but with an indomitable spirit. He 1 again took up the practice of his profession and fol- j lowed it until his death. In public matters he was ' always deeply and actively interested. In politics j he, was a Democrat, and was ready at all times to ■ work for the interest of his party, which to him. J.422 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY, represented the welfare of the country. In his re- Jigion he was a member of the Reformed Church. ■ Dr. Henry Reemsnyder was married to Mary J. Gray, a daughter of Henry and EUza (Hibshman) vGray, who was born in Ephrata township, and is .still living there, aged nearly seventy. To this union were born five children : Dr. Byron J. ; Charles A., a cigar maker in Philadelphia; Jennie, -the wife of Isaac Nissley, a resident of Ephrata; JDr. Henry, a resident of Ephrata; Edward S., a xigar maker in Lancaster. Dr. Byron J. Reemsnyder was educated in the public schools and read medicine in his father's office. In 1873 hfi entered the University of Penn- sylvania, from which he was graduated in 1875, and at once located at Hinkletown, where he has re- .mained to the present time, building up a large prac- tice and commanding a host of friends by his manly -qualities and professional skill. To the various State and County Medical Societies he gives much ::attention and in these is a hardworking and active member. In politics he is one of the leading Demo- crats of the county. Dr. Byron J. Reemsnyder was married in 1877 to Miss Alice Winters, a daughter of R. N. and Mary (Martin) Winters. She died in 1882, leaving one child, Anine, who is now at home. The Doctor was again married in 1884, to Mary, a sister of his .first wife. She was born in i860, and is the mother ■of two children, Mary and Charles. Dr. Reemsnyder belongs to the Reformed Church, and the entire family are numbered among the most substantial citizens of the county. The Doctor is a thoughtful and scientific practitioner, and aims to keep abreast of every advance in his ;great profession. HENRY H. DAMBACH, a thriving and great- ly respected farmer of Manor township, Lancaster county, with his residence one mile southeast of Columbia, was born in that township Jan. 9, 1847, and is a son of Martin and Elizabeth (Herr) Dam- bach. Henry H. Dambach received such an education as the public schools of his township afiforded, and his knowledge of agriculture was acquired on the home farm on which his boyhood and earlier man- hood were passed until twenty-five years of age, when he married and began farming on his own ac- cpunt on a tract of land belonging to his father and ■situated near Columbia. After one year's employ- ment in this line, the father made a division of the tract, awarding the son sixty acres, on which the lat- ter still resides but lias since purchased 115 acres ad- joining the home place on the west. This property is now divided into three distinct farms, with many improvements, all of the first class, including dwell- ing, barns, etc. On this farm is one of the finest -peach ordiards in Manor township, and this orchard contains at least 900 trees in bearing condition to -which tlie proprietor devotes the greater part of his attention — indeed, all that can be spared from the general conduct of the farm. In November, 1871, Henry H. Dambach was united in marriage with Miss Lydia Ann Herr, a native of Pequea township, Lancaster county, and a daughter of Rudy and Barbara Herr; this union has been made the more happy by the birth of two children, viz. : Benjamin F., still under the parental roof; and Ellen, wife of Amos Rohrer, of Manor township. Mr. Dambach and his wife are members of the Mennonite Church,, and socially are most highly respected. LEVI R. FORNEY, one of the successful and representative farmers of Penn township, belongs to a highly respected family of Lancaster county. He was born in East Cocalico township, July. 14, 1849, and was educated in the common schools. He moved to the farm where he now resides, with his father in April, 1850. The father died in 1883, and a part of the farm became the property of Levi R., who has devoted his efforts to the cultivation of mar- ket products ever since, and attends the Lancaster markets with a choice assortment of farm and dairy" products, the results of his own energy and industry. In 1892 Mr. Forney was united in marriage to Miss Fannie Wissler, the estimable daughter of Levi and Fannie. Wissler, of Clay township, and to this union two children have been born, one of whom died in infancy ; the other, Mary W., was born Jan. 5, 1896. Mrs. Forney is a member of the Old Men- nonite Church. No citizen of Penn township en- joys the confidence and esteem of his patrons or of his neighbors more than does Mr. Forney, and none have proved better farmers or business men. In public affairs he shows a progressive spirit and is always alive to the best interests of his county. JOHN JACKSON PENNELL, of Kirk's Mills, Little Britain township, is one of the leading citizens, substantial farmers and representative men of this locality. Mr. Pennell was born Jan. 26, 1842, on the farm which is now his own property, and he was a son of John and Rebecca (Brown) Pennell, of Little Britain township. John Pennell, the father of John J., of this sketch, was a son of William and Elizabeth Pennell of Brit- ain township, the former of whom with his father, who was of Irish origin, settled on the old home place about 1745, the county then being but sparsely settled in that vicinity. Four children were born to William Pennell : John, Hugh, Anna and Isabella, all of whom have passed away. John Pennell was born Oct. 17, 1771, and died Jan. 28, 1863, after a long and most estimable life, at the age of ninety-one years. On Dec. 27, 1827, he married Rebecca Brown, who was born Aug. 25, 1805, and who died Oct. 4, 1861. They had a fam- ily of nine children: Elizabeth, born Oct. 11, 1829, the widow of John P. Hays ; Mary Ann, born Nov. 16, 183T, the widow of James Patterson, of. Illinois; BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1423 "William, born Jan. 5, 1833, a retired farmer of Little JBritain township; Rebecca J., born Feb. 5, 1835, •died young; Margaret Isabel, born on March 23, J837, died young; Lavenia, born Oct. 19, 1839, the -wife of Charles Hays, of Little Britain; John J., -of. this sketch; Rachel Amanda, born May 8, 1845; and James F., born March 31, 1850. The early rearing of John Jackson Pennell was .like that of other lads of his vicinity who had had ^the good fortune to be born of wise and careful par- ■ents, who, while they insisted on his attendance at the district school, also gave him a practical educa- tion on the farm. Later in life he had reason to use Tthis knowledge on his own land, to great advantage. Mr. Pennell now is the owner of the excellent home iarm which consists of 180 acres in Little Britain .township, where he occupies a most comfortable two-story dwelling, and he is also the owner of one of the fertile and productive farms of Chester -county. The marriage of John J. Pennell took place Feb. II, 1885, to Miss Maggie L. Duyckinek, of Cecil 'County, Md., and this marriage has been blessed with .three children : Emily D., born March 6, 1886, died in infancy ; William Horace, born Jan. 17, 1889 ; and Ruth Lavenia, born June 13, 1892. Mrs. Pen- jiell was born Dec. 19, 1856, and she was a daughter of Horace and Emily (Longstreet) Duyckinek, the former of whom was born in 1819 and died in 1891, and the latter of whom was born in 1818 and resides with her daughter, Mrs. Pennell. The paternal gi-andfather of Mrs. Pennell was Richard B. Duyck- inek, of Dutch origin, and her maternal grandfa- ther was Aaron Longstreet and belonged to the same family as the Confederate Gen. Longstreet. Mrs. Pennell was the youngest of her family, the others being: Anna, the widow of William Haines of Cecil county, Md. : Ellis L., a resident of the old 'home place ; and Aaron L., a banker and grain dealer in Rising Sun, Maryland. Mr. Pennell has been identified with much of the progress and development of this township and is well and favorably known. Fraternally he is con- nected with the Masonic Lodge No. 353, of Oxford, Pa. He and his family are consistent and respected members of the Little Britain Presbyterian Church. JOHN CHARLES PERRY, the genial and •capable superintendent of the Hamilton Watch Fac- tory, of which all Lancaster people are so justly proud, has had a career of more than ordinary in- "terest. Mr. Perrv's ancestors came to America from England earfv in the eighteenth century, John L. Perry, the great-grandfather of John C, settling in what was then the Province of Massachusetts. He was the father of eleven children, all of virhom were "killed by the Indians with the exception of the youngest, Charles A., who was the grandfather of John C. Charles A. Perry was only five or six years cold when the Indians killed his family, and he was adopted by a family and taken to Boston, where he grew to manhood and became a furniture dealer and undertaker. There (in Boston) Charles Alexander Perry, the father of John C, was born, and in man- hood became a Methodist clergyman, entering into rest in 1884. Pie married Caroline Elizabeth Eaton, who passed away in 1898, aged eighty-four years. John C. Perry was born in Grafton, Mass., Dec. 1, 1839, and was educated in the New Salem (Mass.) Academy, from which he was graduated. At the age of seventeen years young Perry went to Boston and became messenger to the Massachusetts Senate, retaining that position four years, when Abraham Lincoln became President of the United States. Mr. Perry, then just twenty-one years old, was appointed to a clerkship in the Boston Custom House, serving three years, and then resigning because of ill-health of his wife, who was suffering from consumption. His next move was to Eagle river, Lake Superior, where he became paymaster for the Humboldt Min- ing Company, remaining there one and a half years. We next find him having charge of a private bank- er's office, retaining that position two years, and next in Canada, where he became paymaster of the Locharbor Plumbago Mining Company, a position which he held for two years. Mr. Perry then went to Springfield, Mass., where he became a clerk in the New York Watch Company. This was in 1869. After clerking there two years he became superin- tendent of the factory, holding the position five years, and, the Hampden Watch Company having been formed from the New York Watch Company, he (Mr. Perry) became superintendent of that con- cern, remaining in that incumbency four years, and then going on the road to sell goods for this com- pany. He sold their goods until he became associated with a prominent jewelry manufacturing house, re- maining with them two years. His next business association wa^with a syndicate that purchased the Aurora Watch Company's plant, in Illinois, remain- ing with them until the Hamilton Watch Company of Lancaster was organized, in 1892, the Aurora having been merged into the Hamilton. Mr. Perry again went on the road, selling goods for the Hamil- ton until three years ago, when, at the death of Henry C. Cain, he became superintendent. It is an interest- ing fact that he and Mr. Cain (whose successor he became) were constantly associated (with the ex- ception of two and one half years) from 1869 until Mr. Cain entered into rest. The Hamilton has had a wonderful development under Mr. Perry's man- agement, their goods ranking second to none, any- where. They employ 472 people, and the new an- nex, just completed (1903) makes room for three hundred more people. Mr. Perry has been twice married. His first wife, Vironia L. Sears, whom he married in Massa- chusetts, in 1 861, became the mother of two chil- dren, a son and a daughter. The son died, and the daughter, Lillian J. (now Mrs. W. H. Wilson), lives in Aurora, 111. . His second wife was Jessie E. 1424 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Richards, whom he married in Aurora, in 1894. Three children were born of this union, but all of them are dead, and the wife and mother has also passed away. Mr. Perry is a member of the Masons, and of the Benevolent Order of Elks ; is a Repub- lican in politics, a Universalist in religion, and, withal, an intelligent, liberal-minded, wholesouled gentleman. BENJAMIN. HICKMAN POWNALL, a gen- eral farmer and leading citizen of Sadsbury town- ship, Lancaster county, where he was born Jan. 23, 1842, is a son of Hon. Joseph D. Pownall, of Sads- bury township. Hon. Joseph D. Pownall was a farmer and a drover, and died March 6, 1887, at the age of sixty- seven years ; his wife, who was a Miss Hickman, born iri Goshen, Chester county, Dec. 8, 181 7, died April 20, 1899. Both were buried in the cemetery connected with the meeting house of the Society of Friends in Sadsbury township, of which they were members. Joseph D. Pownall filled the office of justice of the peace at Christiana at the time of the Riot of 185T.. In 1857, and again in 1859, he was elected as a representative to the General Assembly, and he was a delegate to the Republican Convention that nominated Abraham Lincoln in i860. In busi- ness circles he was prominent, and. held the position of director of the National Bank of Chester Valley from its inauguration until his death. In fraternal matters he belonged to the Masonic Order, and was a member of the Blue Lodge'. To him and his wife were born: Benjamin H., whose name appears above; Joseph, and Ambrose, who both died in in- fancy ; Lewis, who died at the age of nine years ; and Elwood P., a farmer of Christiana, who married Mary Baker. The paternal grandparents of Benjamin H. Pownall were Joseph and Phoebe (Dickinson) Pownall, natives of Sadsbury and Salisbury town- ships, respectively. Joseph Pownall was born in 1791, and after a life passed in agricultural pursuits died March 17, 1829. His widow, born Nov. 14, 1793 passed to her reward March 30, 1875. Both were laid to rest in the cemetery of the Society of Friends in Salisbury township. They had the following family : Moses ; Levi ; Joseph D. ; Elizabeth, wife of Hon. George Witson, formerly a representative of the township, and long a justice of the peace; Henry, deceased; Ambrose, a retired farmer of Sadsbury; Simeon B., a retired farmer of Harris- burg ; Catherine, who married Thomas Greist, a re- tired grain merchant of Philadelphia; Oliver, who died young; and Phoebe, who wedded William Webb. The paternal great-grandparents of Benjamin H. Pownall were Levi and Elizabeth (Buckman) Pownall, and came into this county from Bucks countv, making the journey on horseback, and hav- ing but little idea of where they would locate, but Sadsbury township pleased them, and they settled at Simmonstown, where they started a tannery,. Here they purchased a large tract of land and made their home for life. I-evi Pownall was born Aug,- 25, 1755, and died Aug. 20, 1840. His widow, born. Sept. 12, 1756, died April 30, 1844. The maternal grandparents of Benjamin H.. Powall were Benjamin and Mary (Hickman) Hick- man, bearing the same name but being no relation. They were born in England, and came to" America,, settling in a cave in Westtown township, near West-' town Friends Boarding School. Benjamin H. Pownall was married May 24,. 1866, in the home of the bride in Highland township, to Filena Clark. Born to this union were two chil- dren as follows: M. H., who taught school for nine years, and then married Charles G. Jones, a. farmer of Sadsbury township, and has one child, Gordon P. ; Lydia C., unmarried and at home. Mrs. Filena (Clark) Pownall was born near Coatesville, . Chester Co., Pa., March 4, 1842, a daughter of Jo- seph D. and Lydia D. (Brown) Clark. Her parents were natives of Chester county, but resided in Chris- tiana from 1 87 1 to 1875, when they returned to ■ Chester county, where they passed their lives. Her father was a miller in his earlier days, but in later life was a farmer. Mr. Pownall was reared on the farm under his parents' watchful care, and remained with them un- til he embarked in a mercantile career in 1866. That year he bought a store of James Coates, and operated" it until his removal to his present farm. For four- teen years he filled the position of school director, and was supervisor three years. For many years he was a judge of elections, and has long acted as township auditor. In his religious views he is a member of the Society of Friends, and belongs to • the Masonic fraternity, being connected with Lodge No. 417 at Christiana. His military services during^' the Civil war entitled him to a membership in the- G. A. R., which he has been proud to claim. In his ■ politics he is a Republican. Benjamin H. Pownall enlisted in the 50th P. V. I., at Christiana, June 29, 1863, responding to am emergency call, and was honorably discharged Aug, iSth, of the same year. His enlistment was for- ninety days, and he served along the Potomac, and below the Hagerstown country. He had enlisted Sept. 6, 1862, in Company H, 2nd Regiment — an.' emergency company — but as his services were not needed he was discharged the same day. Mr. Pownall holds all the old family wills, and has many heirlooms of his family, including a clock that has been in the family over a hundred years. He is personally a man of fine character, and is much esteemed in the community where his useful and in- dustrious life is passing. GEORGE A. MORISON, of Manor town- ship, Lancaster county, was born in Adams county. Pa., Sept. T, 1829, and is a son of George and Susan-, nah (Wolf) Morison, of whom the former was born' BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1425 in the State of Delaware and was of English de- scent. George Mori son when a boy came from his na- tive State to Pennsylvania, for a short time was em- ployed in Philadelphia at various occupations, and while still a young man went to Adams county and worked with farmers the greater part of his life, but toward his latter years purchased, jointly with his son, George A., a farm in Adams county. He died in the village of Hunterstown in 1870, when at the age of seventy years, and his wife, who was born in 1 80 1, died when almost eighty years old; both ac- cepted the faith of the Methodist Church. ,To the marriage of George and Susannah Morison were born twelve children, of whom Mary Ann and Jerry died young; Margaret died the wife of Frederick Harman, of Adams county; Jacob is a carpenter of West Hempfield, Lancaster county; Elizabeth is the widow of Henry McLain ; George A. ; James I., re- sides in Bainbridge, Lancaster county; Susan is the deceased wife of John Imhoff, of Adams county; Matilda is married to Henry Bigler, of Columbia, Lancaster county; Charlotte is the widow of James Paxton, of Adams county; Frederick W. is sheriff of Adams county ; and John N. is deceased. George A. Morison was reared in Adams county, in 1850 came to Lancaster county, and worked for Christian Charles, of Manor township two years ; in 1852 he married and went to work raising tobacco on rented land, and about 1870 purchased his pres- ent farm of twenty-four acres, three miles southeast of Columbia. This farm was partially improved with buildings, but Mr. Morison has erected much finer ones and has the best farm of its size in his part of the county, all the surroundings showing the extreme thrift, care and intelligent management of the owner. While Mr. Morison has raised, packed and shipped a large quantity of tobacco, general farming has not been neglected, and in this respect the same good management is manifested. On Oct. 4, 1852, George A. Morison married Susan, daughter of John Dabler, of Rohrerstown, Lancaster county, and this union has been blessed with one child, Annie, wife of Abraham Kilheffer, a farmer of Manor township. To Mr. and Mrs. Kilheffer have been born three children, Harry, F'annie and Mary. George A. Morison and his wife are devout members of the Old Mennonite Church and stand very high socially. In politics Mr. Mori- son is a Democrat. JOHN N. MARTIN, a resident of Earl town- ship, Lancaster county, is one of the prominent and noted people of the county and was born Feb. 26, 1859, a scm of Amos and Esther (Nott) Martin, of Earl township. His early life was passed on the farm, and he has devoted himself to the cultivation of the soil. , 1 1. J Mr. Martin has belonged to the school board since 1896 and takes a lively interest in every pro- ject that relates to the public welfare.- In his poli- 90 tics he is a Republican. In business affairs he holds a prominent position, and since 1893 has been a di- rector of the Ephrata National Bank. Mr. Martin was married to Miss Mary A. War- ner, who was born March 4, 1859, a daughter of Abraham B. and Magdalina (Groff) Warner, resi- dents of Earl township. Her father died in 1863, at the early age of thirty-three; Mrs. Warner died in 1867, at the age of thirty-five. They were mem- bers of the Mennonite Church, and were the parents of three children: Samuel E., who is a justice of the peace at Blue Ball ; Abraham, of Earl township ; and Mary A., who is Mrs. Martin. Mr. and Mrs. Martin have one child, Mary Ella. The family belong to the Mennonite Church. BENJAMIN B. HERR, one of the most highly respected farmers of Manor township, Lancaster county, was born in Millersville, in the same town- ship, Nov. 25, 1855, and is a son of Adam and Mary Ann (Brenneman) Herr. His father died in De- cember, 1899, at the age of eighty-three years, five months and tweiity-seven days, and the mother was called away some years previously. Adam Herr was born and reared in Quarryville, Lancaster county, and was a son of Abraham Herr, who came of a very old Lancaster family. Benjamin B. Herr was reared in Millersville and educated in the public schools, and in 1882 left the home place to begin business on his own account on his present farm of sixty acres, which is situated three-quarters of a mile east of Letort and is one of the finest places of its size in the county. On this tract Mr. Herr has made most of the improvements, carries on general farming and is also engaged in the packing of tobacco. On Dec. 27, 1881, Benjamin B. Herr married Miss Ida Groff, daughter of Isaac Groff, of Millers- ville, and six children have come to grace this union, one of whom, Willis, born Jan. 27, 1883, died June 18, 1883. The survivors are Walter Isaac, born June 27, 1886; Ida Gertrude, Feb. 6, 1890; Mary Alma, Dec. 14, 1891 ; Benjamin Ralph, Aug. 17, 1896; and Katherine Ruth, Sept. 16, 1898. LEVI B. NEFF was born April 2, 1841, in Rohrerstown, Lancaster Co., Pa. The family is of English origin. Christian Neff, the grandfather, hav- ing come from that country to the United States. He traveled with a circus and the last heard of him was from New Orleans, where he had taken the yel- low fever and died. Christian Neft' left but one child, a son, Samuel G. Neff, who was born in East Hempfield township, Lancaster county, March 9, 18 17. He was educated in the public schools and when quite young he learned the painter's trade of his grandfather, Ben- jamin Leggett. He followed this business all his life. He was a member of the Evangelical Church, and was a Republican in politics but never sought office. He married Mary, daughter of Daniel 1426 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Brener, of Rohrerstown, and the couple had eight children : Levi and Reuben, twins, the latter of whom is dead; Samuel, of Manor township; John B., of Manor township; Solomon, of Manor town- ship ; Mary, wife of Charles Lucas, of Washington, Manor township ; Matilda, wife of Henry Shoff, of York county; and Lizzie, wife of John Shatzer, of Manor township. Levi B. Neff lived at home until he was twenty- one years old, in the meantime receiving an educa- tion in the schools of the county. At the age of twenty-one, he enlisted in Co. E, 178th P. V. I., and served in the Civil war one year. He learned the painter's trade witli his father and has always fol- lowed it. In 1888 he bought the place where he at present resides, it bemg a fine farm of eighty acres. Since owning it he has made extensive improve- ments. Mr. NefiE is a member of the G. A. R. Post, of Safe Harbor. He and his wife are members of the LTnited Brethren Church of Green Hill. Mr. Neff was married to Miss Annie Wissler in 1862. She lived but eighteen months and left one child, Emma, who married Henry Slott, of Mount- ville. In 1865 he married Miss Mary Wright, who died in 1874, leaving three children : Angeline, wife of Abram Sitz, of Mountville ; Miranda, wife of George Seaman of Elmira, N. Y. ; and Lizzie, wife of Samuel Bentler, of Fort Penn, Del. He was married to his third wife, Miss Emma Boyd, of York county, Feb. 29, 1876. This couple have had seven children : George, of Gordonville, who is learning the butcher's trade; Harry, of Safe Har- bor ; and Frank, Minnie, Elmer and Ferris and Stella (twins), all at home. Mr. Neff is a man of sterling character and is universally respected in the community in which he resides. JOHN D. RANCK, an honored and much re- spected retired farmer of New Holland, Pa., was born in East Earl township, Lancaster county, Nov. 27, 1829,, and is a son of Jacob and Lucia (Diller) Ranck. His father was a farmer in Earl township, where his good standing in the community was at- tested by his election to the office of supervisor. His death occurred in October, 1875, when he was seventy-five years old ; his wife passed to her rest" the same year, at the age of sixty-eight. Both were members of the Lutheran Church, and were buried in the New Holland cemetery. Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Ranck had the following family : John D. ; Jacob, a farmer of Earl town- ship ; Margaret, a single lady ; Martin, unmarried, and living in Lancaster ; Diller, a farmer in Chester county. Pa. ; Luella, who married Daniel W. Groff, Barbara A., married to Isaac Musser, and living in Lancaster; David, who died young; Elizabeth, who also died young. The paternal grandparents of J. D. Ranck were John and Elizabeth (Shively) Ranck; his maternal grandparents, John and Margaret (Rhoads) Diller. Both families were honorable farming people of Lancaster county. Mr. Ranck was married in December, 1856, to Louisa Diller, by whom he had one child, Mary E., who is unmarried, and is living at home. Mrs. Ranck was born in April, 1837, daughter of Jacob and Mary (Basore) Diller. John'D. Ranck lived with his parents until his marriage, when he moved to Chester county and was there engaged eight years in farming, then moving into East Earl township to carry on a farm the same length of time. In 1887 he established himself on the farm where he is found at the pres- ent time. Mr. Ranck has been supervisor in both Earl and East Earl townships, and was known as an honorable and efficient official. In politics he is a Republican. He stands well in the community. CHRISTIAN H. ROHRER. The family of Rohrer is one of the early, as it is also one of the most respected, families of Lancaster county. Abraham Rohrer, the grandfather of Christian H., was a farmer in Manor township, locating there early in life and spending there the remainder of his days. His wife was a Miss Eby, and their son Ephraim was the father of Christian H. He (Ephrairn) first saw the sun upon the paternal farm, and on those acres he passed the greater part of his life, nine years being spent in or near Mt. Joy, Lan- caster county. He purchased 100 acres of land in the same township and through thrift, intelligence and industry achieved success. He was an earnest Men- nonite, being for many years a deacon, and for more than a decade a preacher in the denomination. He was widely known and generally beloved for his many admirable qualities of mind and heart. He was a firm believer in the principle of free, universal education, and his intelligent advocacy of the cause led to his being repeatedly chosen a member of the local board of education. He was born in 18 ri and his wife, Esther Habacker, in 1816. He fell asleep on June 14, 1891. while she survived him until Au- gust, 1897, entering into her reward at the age of four score and one. Their nine children were named Elizabeth, Christian H., Ephraim, Esther, Isaac, Benjamin, Mary, Annie, and Miami. Only three are yet living. Christian H., Mary and Annie. Elizabeth married Joseph Newcomer, of Manor township, and Esther was the wife of Amos Miller, of Quarryville. Mary is the wife of Joseph Charles, of Donegal township ; and Annie remains unmarried. Christian H. Rohrer was born Feb. 3, 1838. He passed his boyhood much after the fashion of other farmers' sons of his day and generation who hap- pened to be born in the same locality. His natural bent was toward the life of a farmer and his success has^ abundantly demonstrated that in selecting his life's work he did not choose amiss. In i860 he was niarried, and took his bride to a farm conducted by himself. The following year (1861) they removed to his present farm of 130 acres, near Mountville. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1427 His success has been pronounced, yet when it is re- membered that It is attributable to native discern- )ment, pluck and perseverance, it occasions no sur- prise. He has been a promoter of not a few com- mercial enterprises of magnitude, in the direction of several of which he still holds a seat. Among these may be named the Columbia Iron Company, the Fairview Milling Company (of Columbia), the Mountville National Bank and the Mountville Manu- facturing Company. He is politically a staunch Re- publican, yet while ever ready to do what he may to ladvance party success along legitimate lines, he has never sought reward in the form of political prefer- ment.. He has, however, consented to serve as school director for six years. Reference has been made to his marriage. It occurred Nov. 25, i860, to Catherine Forrey, whose parents, Daniel and Catherine (Kauffman) Forrey, were residents of Manor township. Mr. and Mrs. Rohrer have reared a large family of children, all of whom are living. Isaac, the first born, married Mattie Walker and lives in Manor; Annie is Mrs. Eli Mann, her husband being a farmer of the same locality; Elizabeth is the wife of Jacob Bender, of East Hempfield : Benjamin is a farmer, in the same township, and the husband of Mary Grider; Chris- tian married Elizabeth Shuman, and has his home in Manor ; Ephraim married Mary Good, and is a resident of Mountville : Amos owns a farm in Manor and is the husband of Ella Dambaugh; Esther is unmarried and lives at home with her par- ents. The family are members of the Mennonite Church. J. M. COONEY, of Fulton township, Lan- caster county, is a well-known farmer and miller. He was born Nov. 8, 1841, in Cecil county, Mary- land. He is a son of Thomas and Catherine (Bravo) Cooney, of Cecil county. Thomas Cooney, the father, was born in 1803 and died Oct. 17, 1880. He was a son of Thomas Cooney, who emigrated from Ireland to America tmd who had a family of four children, viz. : James, Thomas, Sarah and Catherine. Thomas Cooney (2), father of J. M. Cooney, married Miss Cath- erine Bravo, of Maryland, in' 1830. Her father was John Bravo, of Maryland, his family being of French origin. The marriage of Mr. Thomas Cooney and Miss Bravo resulted in the following family : Thomas and Mary J., deceased ; Isabel, the wife of Thomas Emmett, of Maryland; J. M., of this sketch; and David L., deceased. Mrs. Cooney, the mother of this family, was born in 1808 and died in 1883. Mr. J. M. Cooney married Elizabeth B., daugh- ter of John Shaub, of Lancaster, in June, 1867. This couple have had ten children : Mary S., born Jan. IS, 1868, deceased; Thomas, born March 19, 1869, a machinist at Chestnut Level, Pa., and mar- ried to Miss Mary L. Brown : David L., born Feb. 2, 1872, a partner with his brother Thomas in the mercantile business,and married to Miss Lydia Nef f ; Daniel W., born May 2, 1874, who died in youth; Kate E., born June 12, 1875, the wife of Scott Wil- son, residing in Rising Sun, Md. ; Walter B., born Jan. 29, 1877, married to Miss Ella M. Wilson; John M., born Sept. 28, 1879, deceased ; Joseph G., born Dec. 25, 1880, at home with his parents on the farm ; Daniel B., born June 10, 1883, deceased ; and Esther, the youngest child, born July 7, 1885. The mother, Mrs. Cooney, was born Sept. 12, 1845. Mr. Cooney is a stanch Democrat in politics and a Presbyterian in religion. He has been a mail con- tractor for years. In 1891 he bought the mill and farm where he now resides, and it is valuable prop- erty. Mr. Cooney has had an honorable career and holds the esteem of a good many friends and neighbors. MARTIN NISSLEY BRUBAKER. The stranger could not travel far in Lancaster county without meeting with the names of the families from which Martin Nissley Brubaker has descended, for they are widely scattered and prominent in what- ever community found. Martin N. Brubaker was born in Elizabeth town- ship on the banks of the Hammer Creek, Oct. il, 183s, a son of Shem and Magdalina (Nissley) Bru- baker, the former of Elizabeth township and the latter of Rapho township, near Sporting Hill. The father was a farmer all his life, retiring from active duties but a few years before his death, which oc- curred in September, 1887, at the age of seventy- four. The family moved to Mt. Joy township in April, 1884, and occupied the farm upon which Mar- tin N. resides. During many years the father was a school director of his district, as he was always in- terested in educational aflfairs. The mother died in August, 1884, at the age of seventy, having been a pious, worthy woman, well known in the neighbor- hood for her kindness and ready sympathy for those in need. 7"he parents rest in the cemetery at Landis- ville. Both father and mother were consistent members of the Old Mennonite Church, and their family consisted of two sons ; Martin N. ; and Jacob, a minister of the Mennonite faith, who lives on the old homestead in Rapho township. The paternal grandparents of Martin N. Bru- baker were Jacob and Maria (Eby) Brubaker, who lived in Elizabeth township, where the former, a farmer all his life, died in 1853 at the age of seventy- two years and six months, his widow surviving un- til 1863, reaching her eighty-first year. These, be- loved grandparents were interred in a private bury- ing groimd on the old homestead. The great-grand- parents were also natives of Elizabeth township; the great-grandfather, also Jacob Brubaker, caught the yellow fever in Philadelphia, from which he died in 1793. The maternal grandparents also repre- sented old and honored names in the county, and were Martin and Maria (Baumberger) Nissley, of Warwick township, near Lititz. 1428 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Martin N. Brubaker, eldest son of his parents, grew up on the farm but did not take naturally to the life of a farmer. During his youth he attended the district schools and later the Lititz Academy, going at the age of eighteen to the Mt. Joy Academy, and at the age of nineteen he took a practical course in surveying. The next two years were spent in the mercantile line, but this business was not satisfac- tory and young Martin then went to East Hemp- field township where he engaged in farming near Petersburg, and also did surveying, remaining in that locality for six years ; he then went to Landis- ville where he practiced surveying until 1888, at which time he located in Mt. Joy. Mr. Brubaker is considered an expert in his line of business, and for two years served as county sur- veyor, and for the past twenty-five years has been a notary public. Whatever he undertakes, he does thoroughly and is considered a very capable and re- liable surveyor. In politics he is a Republican, al- though he cast his first vote for James Buchanan, local pride influencing him, as the candidate was a resident of this county. The marriage of Mr. Brubaker occurred on Oct. 25, 1856, to Mary A. Snavely, of Penn township, and to this union was born one daughter, Fanny S., who died in 1887, at the age of thirty, unmarried. Mary A. (Snavely) Brubaker was born in Penn township, Sept. 25, 1837, a daughter of Henry and Mary Snavely, of Penn and East Hempfield town- ships, respectively. They died in Penn township, at a place now known as Lancaster Junction. Mr. Snavely was a merchant and miller at that place, and Henry R., the grandson, still carries on the business. Both Mr. and Mrs. Brubaker are valued members of the Old Mennonite Church and are among the most respected and esteemed residents of the lo- cality. DAVID H. KREITER, one of the enterprising business men and farmers of Penn township, Lan- caster Co., Fa., was born in Warwick township, Feb. II, 1858, and is one of the self-made men of our country, his prosperity being the result of his own unaided efit'orts, directed along paths of industry and integrity. When only five years of age, he suffered the loss of his father, but he remained with his mother until twenty-one years of age, receiving his early education in the common schools of the neighbor- hood. Later, realizing the necessity for more ex- tensive educational advantages, he went in 1884 to Indiana and entered the Northern Indiana Normal School of Valparaiso, where he remained three and one-half years. In 1S91, Mr. Kreiter established a cigar factory in Lititz and for five years was engaged in the manu- facture of cigars, and during this time he also bought and packed leaf tobacco. While successfully con- ducting these enterprises, in 1896 he purchased the fine farm where he now resides, then known as the old Summy homestead, near Fairland, and rented the property for four years. From time to time, as the occasion demanded, he made improvements until he brought the place into a high state of cultivation^ and made it one of the finest farms in Lancaster county. In 1901 Mr. Kreiter removed to his farm and himself engaged in farming, which calling he is now following with great success. On Dec. 20, 1892, David H. Kreiter was married to Miss- Maria Whitcraft, a daughter of John and Maria AVhitcraft, and two children have been born, to them: David Paul, born Aug. 3, 1899; and Charles Henry, born May 23, 1901. Mr. and Mrs. Kreiter- are both active members of the Moravian Church of Lititz, and are highly es- teemed in that congregation. Mr. Kreiter is a man of enterprise and public-spirit and has borne an act- ive part in all measures tending toward the develop- ment and improvement of the affairs of the town- ship; JOSEPH K. SHULTZ. Among the self-made men of Lancaster county — men who started out in life with health, strength and indomitable will as- their only heritage and have achieved success and prominence as business men — we find the name of Joseph K. Shultz, who was born near Washington; borough, in Manor township, Lancaster county, June 19, 1849, a son of Isaac and Mary Anm (Kearey) Shultz. The boyhood days of our sub- ject were passed on the home farm and he early learned that to be the son of a Pennsylvania farmer did not mean a life of idleness. He attended the winter sessions of the common school in his neigh- borhood until, arriving at the proper age, he entered! the Normal School at Millersville, remaining through; four sessions. His school days ended, be began; teaching a country school in North Hempfield town- ship, an occupation which he followed successfully four years, after which he entered Eastman's Busi- ness College, at Poughkeepsie, N. Y. On graduat- ing therefrom he was tendered and accepted the po- sition of bookkeeper in the banking heuse of E. K. Smith & Co., of Columbia, Pa. Seeing an oppor- tunity to start out in business on his own account, he,, in 1877, opened a lumber yard in Washington bor- ough, Lancaster county, and soon after added a coal' yard to his lumber establishment. For many years he supplied the people for miles around with coaF and one of the pleasant facts in connection with, his dealings in coal (and his sales have exceeded $300,- 000), upon which he can dwell with much satisfac- tion IS, that no patron of his ever paid for a pound of coal he did not get. In 1877 he purchased from his father the farm which he now owns, adjoining Washington borough, and where he now resides. This property is called the Blue Rock farm and is widely known as the leading tobacco farm in the county and environs, and its owner has become the acknowledged tobacco king of that section of the BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1429 -State. His average acreage of tobacco is forty, from which he has reaHzed as high as $11,300 in a single season. Other farm products of a general or mis- cellaneous character are also produced on the farm and receive his. personal supervision. As an agri- 'culturist, coal and lumber merchant, Mr. Shultz finds his time too fully employed to admit of his taking an active interest in politics or seeking po- litical honors or emoluments from his, the Demo- cratic party. On March 30, 1878, Mr. Shultz was joined in marriage to Miss Emma F. Stauffer, daughter of Jacob and Maria (Forrey) Stauffer. To this union have been born five children, (i) Joseph S. was .graduated from Lehigh University in 1900, stand- ing second in a class of 520 and being the valedic- torian; he is now a draughtsman in the Navy de- partment at Washington, D. C, the position having been tendered him prior to the date of his graduation. (2) Mamie E. is a student at Irving College, Me- chanicsburg, Pa. (3) John J. is next in order of Tairth. (4) Isaac Victor died at the age of three years. (5) Albert Lloyd. The Shultz family, like their ancestors, are devout members of the Church "of God. Starting out in life with honesty and fair dealing as the corner stone of his business life, pub- lic-spirited and enterprising as a citizen, Joseph K. Shultz deservedly holds a high place in tiie esteem ■of the community where his whole life has been thus far spent. JOHN McMANAMY, in his day one of the leading farmers and highly esteemed citizens of 'Sadsbury township, this county, was born in County Mavo, Ireland, and ended a long and estimable life on his farm on April 20, 1893. He was buried in the Parkesburg cemetery, under the auspices of the .. being third oldest. Adam is deceased; Henry is also deceased ; Mary, Mrs. Staley, a widow, lives ini Lancaster county; and Christina died in the West,. John Miller, Jr., was educated in the public schools, and in early life learned the hatter's trade; to which he devoted his energies in an independent capacity until 1881. After disposing of his busi'- ness he became identified with the firm of David Sbultz & Sons, made up of his brother-in-law andi nephews, with whom he remained for the rest of his active life. He was a member of the Lutheran. Church, and in political affiliation a Republican. On Dec. 28, 1854, Mr. Miller married, in New Holland, Elizabeth, daughter of Philip and Eliza- beth (Rickwine) Brubaker. Mrs. Miller was born^ in New Holland, May 28, 1817, and became the- mother of John B. Miller, born in Lancaster, Aug-. 24, 1856. BENJAMIN H. NEFF, a well-known painter- of Central Manor, Lancaster Co., Pa,, was born ow th old homestead in Manor township, Nov. 19, 1853. The family to which he belongs was founded iw this country by his great-great-grandfather, Francis Neff, a native of Switzerland, who came to this- country about the beginning of the eighteenth cen- tury, at the time when so many persecuted Menno- nites located here. By occupation he was a farmer. His son, Henry Neff, the great-grandfather of Benjamin H., was the first of the family to live on the old homestead in Manor township, having pur- chased the property from two Irishmen, and there he continued to engage in farming throughout life. To him and his wife, Elizabeth, were born four sons, one of whom was Henry Neff, Jr., our subject's grandfather, who was born on the old homestead' and made his home there throughout life, being en- gaged in agricultural pursuits. He died in Sep- tember, 1854, at the age of sixty-eight years. His- MS& BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY wife bore the maiden name of Susannah NefE. Ben- jamin Nefif, our subject's father, never left the old homestead in Manor township where he was born. He was widely and favorably known, and on ac- count of his honorable business methods and sound judgment was called upon to settle a large number of estates. He took an active interest in the affairs of his township and county and for eighteen years was an efficient member of the school board. He ■died in June, 1870, at the age of fifty-eight years. He was twice married, his first wife being Anna ■Hostetter, daughter of LHrich Hostetter. She died in 1854, at the age of twenty-six years, leaving two sons, Cyrus and Benjamin H. Cyrus Neff, the elder of these children, attended 'the common schools until eighteen years of age, and -then followed farming eleven years, after which he •took up school teaching and devoted his attention •to that profession for three terms. While engaged in agricultural pursuits, he was a member of the school board six years, and in 1887 was elected au- ditor of Lancaster county, which position he was lining in a most creditable and satisfactory manner at the time of his death. He was a man of much more than ordinary ability and achieved considerable 'distinction. In politics he was a Republican and al- ways took an active and prominent part in the affairs ^of his party. He died in 1890 at the age of thirty- ■ eight years, and in his death the county lost one of its most valued citizens. He married Kate Lehman, a daughter of Rev. Benjamin Lehman, of Manor 'township, and to them were born eight children. On the old home farm Benjamin H. Neff passed ^his boyhood and youth, and pursued his studies in the public schools of that locality. After his edu- • cation was completed he followed farming until 1890, and has since engaged in the painting business with marked success. He takes quite an active and influential part in the affairs of his town, has filled the office of township clerk since 1892, and has been a member of the Republican county committee. In 1875 Mr. Neff' was united in marriage with Miss Anna Forry, a daughter of Daniel Forry, and they new have three children, Willis, Elmer and Martha. The family are connected with the Mennonite Church and are highly respected and esteemed by all who know them. EZRA B. FRITZ, farmer and tobacco dealer of 'Quarryville, was born in Lampeter township, June 22, 1845, his parents being Jacob and Hettie (Wit- mer) Fritz, of Lancaster county. Jacob Fritz and his wife were born in Lancaster county, he in 1812, and she in 1818. After their marriage they settled in Strasburg, where he was employed in hotel work for two years. After that he moved to Millport, where he worked in a saw- mill for four years, and again moved to Lampeter township and took a farm, on which he remained several years. He then moved to Martinsville, Lan- caster county, where he engaged in the lime business for a number of years. In 1864 he bought a large tract of land in Drumore township, and occupied . himself in farming until 1870, when he moved to Crawford, Iowa, where he lived until 1876. He then returned to Quarryville and lived a retired life for about ten years, and then moved to' Lancas- .ter City, where he remained until a short time before his death, which occurred in 1892. His worthy widow still resides in Lancaster City, at the ripe old age of eighty-four years. This couple had a family of three sons who grew to manhood: (i) J. W., the eldest, was born in 1839, and married Miss Becky McKinn, of Lancaster county. They lived for a time in Drumore township on a farm, and in 1870 moved to Denison, Crawford county, Iowa, where he lived on a farm until his death in 1S79; his wife died in 1876, leaving four children, Enos, Hettie, Kirk and Sabina. (2) Newton H. was born in Lampeter township in 1848, was never married and died at Quarryville in young manhood. (3) Ezra B. is our subject. Ezra B. Fritz was educated in the district schools of the county and engaged in farming during his younger life. In 1866 he married Miss Susan Hess, daughter of C. M. and Rebecca (Long) Hess, of an old and estimable Lancasterian family. Mrs. Fritz was born in 1851, in Drumore township, where she was reared and educated. Mr. Fritz located on his farm in Quarryville borough, and conducted it in connection with a butchering business for twenty- one years. He purchased the well-known C. M. Hess brick mansion and farm property, at Quarry- ville, and also took up the business of lime and lum- ber, which he engaged in for ten years. In 1893 he sold the business and erected a tobacco ware house and followed the tobacco trade, handling be- tween five and six thousand tons of tobacco annually. He also dealt largely in baled hay, straw and grains. He owns 160 acres of fine farming land adjoining the borough of Quarryville. He also has a large mining and shipping iron ore enterprise, in Provi- dence, which his sons manage for him. Seven sons and two daughters have been born to Ezra B. Fritz and wife: Abram G. was born in Quarryville where he was reared and educated; he married Miss Lizzie Stafford, of Quarryville, and he has two children : Roy and Lizzie. He pur- chased the Sheriff Barkholder farm in Drumore township, where he still resides. Emma S. was born in Quarryville, and is unmarried. Albert H. married Miss Marion, daughter of Isaac Montgom- ery, of Quarryville; they reside in Quarryville, where he carries on a butchering business ; they have no children. W. G. was born in Quarryville, and married Miss Georgie Wilson, of Wrightsville, York Co.. Pa., and they have one daughter, Katie. They reside in Quarryville, where he is a contractor for water works. Esther was born in Quarryville, and is the wife of James Bell of Lancaster, a hatter of that city ; they have no family. Newton N. was born in Quarryville, and is engaged with the Amer- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 143f ican Bridge Co., at Niagara Falls, unmarried. Charles N. is unmarried and living at home. Ezra B. and J. J. were born in Quarryville. In politics Mr. Fritz is a member of the Demo- cratic party, and has been a member of the borough council. Mr. and Mrs. Fritz are members of the Reformed Church. Mr. Fritz is well-to-do and act- ive in business life. He has for many years been an active factor in the affairs of the borough and is well thought of by his friends and neighbors. LEWIS W. IRWIN. As an example of what may be accomplished by energy, industry and ex- emplary living, the successful career of Lewis W. Irwin may be cited, for he began life as a poor boy and now is reckoned among the leading and sub- stantial men of his locality. His success has come through legitirhate means, and it must be a source of pride and congratulation that he is a self-made man and has been able to attain to his present stand- ing unaided. Mr. Irwin was born in Chester cqun.- ty, Pa., Jan. 25, 1853, a son of Andrew and Lizzie Irwin, both of whom were born and reared in Ches- ter county. By trade Andrew Irwin was a wheelwright, and he came of honest Scotch-Irish ancestry. Through some portions of Chester county he was well known as a skilled workman at his trade, which he followed there through life. He died in 1891, his widow sur- viving until 1897, her home having been with a daughter in Columbia. They reared a family of ten children, these being : ( i ) Thomas, born in Chester county, when a young man engaged on a whaling vessel going to New Zealand, and in that country he married. After some years of residence there he came back to America, locating at Wilmington, Del., where he followed the blacksmith trade for some years and later moved to Cumberland, Tenn., where he died in 1880, leaving a wife and three chil- dren. (2) John, born in Chester county, when a voung man, enlisted for service in the Civil war, from his native county, and after its close, married and settled in Wilmington, Del., where hoih his wife and child died, some years ago. (3) James, born in Chester county, was a veteran of the Civil war, was three years in the service of his country as a volunteer, and then entered the regular army, and he died in the service, unmarried. (4) Charles, born in Chester county, also served through the Civil war and was one of the brave men killed at Charles- ton, S. C. : he was unmarried. (5) Benjamin, born in Chester countv, learned the trade of carpenter, is unmarried, and lives on the old homestead. (6) Malcomb, born in Chester county, married and then settled in Wilmington, Del, where he died, leaving a family of two children. (7) Rebecca, born in Chester countv, is the wife of Jefferson Kennedy, of Parkesburg, and they have one son, Charles. (8) Mary A., born in Chester county, is the wife of Beniamm Furguson, a resident of Mechanic's Grove, in Lancaster county, and their two children are. Anna and Cecil. (9) Sallie, born in Chester coun- ty, married Samuel Mullen, of Columbia, where they reside, he being an engineer of the Pennsyl-.- vania Railroad, and their two children are Ralph, and Clara. Lewis W. Irwin, who completes the above fam- ily of ten children, grew up in Chester county, where- he learned the trade of blacksmith and then went to. Cumberland county, Tenn., where he followed this business for a period of two years. Then he re- turned to his old home and engaged in work at Quar- ryville for some five years, when he opened up, a shop at Running Pump, and did a thriving business there for four years. He then purchased a farm, and in connection with his farming operations, car- ried on work at his trade. Those were busy years for Mr. Irwin, and he was up early and late, never neglecting any duty, and by his industry accumu-, lating considerable money. For fourteen years Mr. Irwin worked in this way. In 1884, Mr. Irwin was united in marriage to. the most estimable daughter of one of the leading citizens of Lancaster county, belonging to a family well and widely known. The lady of his choice was Miss Lizzie Myers, who was a daughter of Jacob., and Susan Myers, and she was born in Lancaster - county and was reared to fair young womanhood on the old homestead, in Eden township. She re-, ceived a good, common school education, and was in every way fitted to be the capable helpmate for our subject. In February, 1898, Mr. Irwin became the for- tunate owner of what is locally known as the Sam- uel Shimp farm, which is located in Eden township, although it is on the line of Bart township. This consists of eighty acres of some of the best land in Lancaster county. It is well watered, advantage- . ously situated, and the improvements made since his. location here have added vastly to the place, not only in attractiveness, but also in material value. With- his accustomed energy he completely renovated ev- erything, and now his beautiful brick house stands in the midst of a fertile tract, while the huge bank barn testifies to the necessity for providing for an. abundant yield. Mr. Irwin , believes in many mod- ern methods of farming, and his place is fitted with conveniences and sanitary arrangements not found in many larger estates. To Mr. and Mrs. Irwin have been born a fam-. ily consisting of two sons and one daughter, all three bright and intelligent students, namely: Jes- sie, born in January, 1885 ; Charles, born in Eden township, in 1887; and May, born in 1889. In his. political faith, Mr. Irwin has never wavered from the Democratic party. Although he has never as- pired to office, he was honored by President Grover Cleveland, by an appointment as postmaster at May, which duties he most efficiently performed. Through his own industry Mr. Irwin has become, independent and prosperous, and has succeeded in gaining the esteem and confidence of all with whom . .1438 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY circumstances have thrown him. His cheerful per- sistence and constant industry have brought their .reward, and he is now assured that his decHning years may be those of ease, while he has been able to make proper provision for his loved ones. JACOB W. HEISEY, a retired farmer in West iDonegai township, was born on the farm adjoining ,his present residence, Feb. i8, 1838, and is a son of Henry B. and Catherine (Wolgemuth) Heisey. The ^parents were natives of Mt. Joy, and came to the ■farm where Jacob W. was born in 1834, and there itiiey spent their remaining years. Henry B. Heisey was born Aug. 26, 1808, and was an extensive farmer until some twenty years .before his death. May 23, 1896. His wife, who vvas born Feb. 23, 1816, died Dec. 13, 1890, at the age .of seventy-four years. They were laid to rest in the Pleasant Hill burying grounds, a part of the old homestead. Born to them were the following chil- dren : Barbara, deceased, who married J. B. Brene- iman, and lived in McPherson, Kans. ; Nancy, de- 'ceased, who married Christ. Miller, of Conoy town- ship; Jacob W., whose name introduces this arti- cle ; Catherine W., deceased wife of John B. Long- enecker; Elizabeth W., deceased, who married F. W. Gantz ; Susan W., who married C. D. Stauffer, ■now . a retired farmer of Elizabethtown ; Mary, Fanny and Henry, who all died in infancy ; Solomon W. (deceased) ; and Daniel W., a farmer of West Donegal township. The grandfather of Jacob W. Heisey was Daniel Heisey, who was a farmer all his days. At his ■death his remains were interred in Pleasant Hill cemetery. His children were : Jacob B., who mar- Tied Lizzie L. Lehman ; Daniel B. ; Henry B., who married Catherine Wolgemuth; Barbara, wife of Peter Lehman; Elizabeth, wife of Michael Shenk. All are dead. The paternal great-grandparents spelled the name Heise, and came from Switzerland. The maternal grandparents of Jacob W. Heisey were Daniel and Barbara (Witmer) Wolgemuth, farming people of Lancaster county. Daniel Wol- gemuth died in Mt. Joy township, and the remains of himself and wife were buried in a private cem- ■etery on their old farm. They had the following •children: Joseph W., whose wife was a Nissley; Samuel, whose wife was Barbara Sherrer; Henry, whose wife was Fanny Brubaker ; Barbara, the wife of Jacob Engle, died in January, 1901 ; Nancy, wife of Abraham Brubaker; Catherine, wife of Henry Heisey. All these are dead, but Barbara, the wife of Samuel, and Henry. Jacob W. Heisey and Miss Fanny Longenecker were married in Lancaster, Nov. 28, 1858, by the Rev. J. J. Strine. They became the parents of the following family: Simon C, a farmer in West Donegal township, who married Anna Lindemuth; W. Scott, a farmer, merchant and lime manu- facturer in Rheems, West Donegal township, whose ■biography occupies another page ; Lizzie L., wife of Ferris Landis, a farmer and the owner of a steam thresher in West Donegal township; Harry L., of West Donegal township, who married Lizzie Linde- muth ; Edward L., of West Donegal township, who married Anna Erb , and Christ. L., Samuel M. and Mary L., all living at home. Mrs. Fanny (Longenecker) Heisey was born in West Donegal township. May 5, 1841, only child of Christian and Elizabeth (Berks) Longenecker, born on adjoining farms in Lancaster county. Her father, who was born Nov. 20, 1805, died Feb. 23, 1895, at almost ninety years of age; her mother, who was born Jan. 16, 1800, died Aug. 10, 1851, and they were laid to rest in the Pleasant Hill cemetery. They were members of the Old Mennonite Church. Jacob W. Heisey remained at home with his parents until he became of age, when he rented the old homestead, and carried it on for nine years. At the end of that time he took part of the farm, on which he erected new buildmgs, and there he made his home for seventeen years, when he returned to the old homestead, remodelling the buildings with the intention of sperijding his remaining years there. Two years later, however, he removed to his pres- ent home, and here he is still living, full of years and honor. He was school director three years, and in his more active days one of the most influential citi- zens of the community. For some time Mr. Heisey has been nearly blind, but takes much interest in the affairs of the world about him. In politics he is a Prohibitionist, and in religion a member of the Brethren in Christ Church. His name deserves honorable mention in a work devoted to the leading men of Lancaster county. JOPIN W. PHILLIP (deceased) was in his life time a successful farmer in East Drumore town- ship, Lancaster county, and was born in Colerain township, Oct. 2, 1845, a son of Williarn and Mary J. (Lovett) Phillip, both of whom were born in Lancaster county, and who lived in Colerain town- ship. _ Of their children the only son living is now in the West. Three of the daughters are still living : Margaret J., who is the wife of James Montgom- ery, of Eden towtiship, and the mother of four chil- dren; Annie, the wife of Nelson Bunting, of Col- erain township : Elizabeth, who is the wife of' Hugh Penny, of Russellville, Chester county, and the mother of one daughter, Etta. John W. Phillip grew to manhood under the care of his. parents and became a farmer, to which work his life was devoted. In February, 1872, he was married to Mary L., a daughter of John and Rebecca (Northamber) Barkley, an old and promi- nent Lancaster county family. John Barkley was, born in Colerain township, Feb. 12, 1818, and was the son of James Barkley, who was of Scotch-Irish parentage. John Barkley was settled for a time af- ter his marriage at Peach Bottom, Lancaster coun- ty, and then removed to his present home in Col- erain township, where he is still living at an advanced BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1439 -age. His wife died in 1892, leaving two sons and .three daughters. Mrs. PhilHp, who is the eldest of her father's .family, was born in December, 1849, ^^'^ was reared .to womanhood under the parental roof in Colerain .township, where she married Mr. Phillip. They .located on one of his father's farms in Colerain -township, where they remained for eighteen years. ,For three years they lived in Bart township, and then buying the Hines farm in East Drumore township, ■made that their home as long a,s he lived. His death came in September, 1896. His widow is still Jiving on the farm. Mr. Phillip was not only a successful farmer .and an industrious man, but his character and in- tegrity commanded the respect and retained the con- -fidence and esteem of the community. For several •years he was one of the trustees and the superin- tendent of the Sunday-school of the Methodist Church, of which he was a devout member. In ■politics he was a Republican, and an active worker -in the interests of his party. To Mr. and Mrs. Phillip were born the follow- ing family: Grace, born in December, 1873, who is unmarried, and lives at home with her mother; Cora B., November, 1874, who married Harry Shirk, a farmer of Colerain township ; Harry B., Aug. 31, 1876, who manages the farm for his moth- ter ; Anna M., October, 1877, who is the wife of John Whitman, and lives with her husband in East Dru- ,more township ; Walter W., November, 1882, who is unmarried and at home, as is his brother, Charles L., born in April, 1884; George Blair, born Aug. 7, 1890, was killed by a runaway team in May, rI900. The following are the brothers and sisters of Mrs. Phillip : Nancy, who married Emanuel Walt- ^man, of Chester county, and is the mother of Roy, Clyde, Ada, Flossie and Sarah; William J., who died when a young man ; John, a farmer in Chester ■ county, who married Miss Mary Clinton, and has the following family, Freeland, Ruth, Marion and Helen ; A. S., a farmer in Chester county, who mar- ried Anna Pickel, and has one son, John; Clara, who is the wife of Emmett Hinness, of Chester county, and is the mother of John and Delia. John W. Phillip served as a member of Co. D, 195th P. V. T., and shared the fortunes of his regi- ment until the close of the war. His honorable dis- charge was given him at Washington in January, 1866. Mr. JPhillip was a man highly esteemed in the community, where he was loved and respected for his many good and manly qualities. AARON HUBER. One of the most popular -and highly esteemed members of the old and honored Huber family, of West Lampeter township, Lan- ■caster county, is Aaron Huber, the owner and opera- tor of one of the best appointed farms in that local- ,itv. Aaron Huber was born in December, 1854, .a 'son of Christian and Ann (Harnish) Huber, was reared on the old homestead, and received his edu- cation in the public schools of his district; After completing his schooling, he went to work on his father's farm, remaining under the home roof until he was thirty years old. He then began oper- ations for himself on a desirable tract of twenty acres, where he carries on general farming. His ideas are progressive and his land shows that it is managed in a scientific way, and yields very satis- factory returns. A stanch Republican, he has ta- ken an active interest in the advance of his party, but never consents to accept office at its hands. Mr. Huber is a bachelor, but while not held by domestic ties, he is one of the most popular residents in the neighborhood, and one of the most satisfactory and substantial citizens of West Lampeter township. HEInTRY RINIER. There are few men in Quar- ryville, Lancaster county. Pa., who have passed through the vicissitudes of fortune and war that have come to the subject of our sketch, since his early manhood. From a modest farmer to a patri- otic soldier, fighting for the Union under Grant, amid the most active events of the campaign, from a soldier, returning to his home with honors, to a cit- izen identified with the best interests of his county and State, Mr. Rinier has born himself with credit to the name he bears. At the same time Mr. Rinier has furnished a practical example to the younger generation of men who may be handicapped as he was m his youth by lack of opportunity. Mr. Rinier is a self-educated, self-made man, as will appear later in the. sketch. Henry Rinier was born in Colerain township, Aug. 4, 1827. His parents were Asa and Nancy (Stewart) Rinier. Asa Rinier was born in West Drumore, Lancaster county, in 1798, and his wife was born in East Drumore in 1801. Asa Rinier was the son of Joseph and Polly Rinier, who were born in New Jersey. Joseph Rinier was the son of Joshua Rinier, whose parents were French. On the maternal side of our subject — the Stewarts, Nancy was the only child of William and Mary Stewart, who came to this country from Ireland, and settled in Bart township, Lancaster county, in 1784. Joseph Rinier, our subject's grandfather, first settled, as far as is known, in West Drumore in 1780, where he lived and died, leaving a family, as follows : Jesse, Samuel, Peter, Asa (the father of our sub- ject), Joseph, Stacy, John, George and Lydia (who became the wife of Jacob Peters, who lived and died in Manor township, Lancaster county). Asa Rinier grew up in East Drumore and in 1820, married Miss Nancy Stewart, a daughter of William Stew- art, a man of fine education, who was one of the first school teachers in this section. Asa Rinier and wife first settled in West Drumore. Here they lived for a time, later moving to Colerain, and eventually to Conestoga township, where he died at the home of his son Joseph, in 1882. His wife died in 1849. Asa Rinier was a member of the M. E. Church, 1440 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY while his wife had always adhered to the Dunkard Church. In politics he was a stanch Democrat. They raised a large family, oi which Rev. Daniel, the eldest, was born in 1822, and as a young man married Elizabeth Beech, of Lancaster county. Af- ter fitting himself for the ministry he located in his home county, where he is still preaching. John, born in 1825, married Miss Martha Hinet, and is now a resident of Manor township ; he is a stone mason by trade. Mary A., born in 1829, is the de- ceased wife of John O'Brian; they resided in Lan- caster county, where she left a large family. Joseph, born in 1832, was a soldier in the Civil war ; he mar- ried Miss Snyder, of Lancaster county, and they now live in Martic township. Hiram and Alfred were twins, of whom Alfred died m childhood, while Hi- ram, who was a soldier in the Civil war, married a lady of Lancaster county, and now resides in Martic township with a large family. William, born in Lancaster county in 1836, enlisted as a soldier in the Civil war, was taken prisoner at Cold Harbor, and died in Andersonville prison in 1863. Henry Rinier, our subject, grew to manhood in Lancaster county, and received a very limited edu- cation. Recognizing the value of an education later in life, he applied himself assiduously to books, and as the result of thorough study, he is now a well informed man on all subjects, particularly the his- tory of this and foreign lands. As a young man he engaged in farming, and hauling ore. In 1851 he married Miss Julia A. Rinier, the daughter of George and Susan (Fondersrnith) Rinier, one of Lancaster county's old pioneer families. Mrs. Rin- jer was born in 1830, in Strasburg township, where she grew to womanhood. Our subject settled in the town of Quarryville in 1852, and has continued his residence there to the present time, being en- gaged largely in the lime business. During the Civil war he enlisted in the 3rd Heavy Artillery, stationed at Fortress Monroe. Later he was transferred to the 88th P. V. I., under General Grant. Here he remained until the war closed in 1865. During the exciting period of the war, our subject saw much active service. His company was engaged at dif- ferent times with Mosby's guerrillas. He was on duty at Richmond and other important places. At the close of the war he was mustered out at Fortress Monroe and he hastened home to his wife and fam- ily. Our subject is the father of two daughters. Elmyra, the eldest, born in October, 1852, is now the wife of Benjamin Swinehart, a farmer of Colerain township. They have four children, Daisy, the eld- est, was raised by our subject and his wife. She is single and resides in Lancaster county. The other children are Conrad, Charles and Annie, who have remained with their parents. Susan, born in Quar- ryville in 1855, was educated in the public schools of that town, and is now the wife of Frank Walt- nian, of Quarrj'ville. They have six children, Effie (the wife of Irwin Ramsey, of Eden township), Annie, Harris, Wayne, Herbert and Abbie. Politically Mr. Rinier was brought up a Demo- crat, but affiliated with the Republican party. He- may be counted among the independent voters. Re- ligiously both he and his wife are devout members- of the M. E. Church. Ambition, experience and. earnest endeavor have been the qualities of mind that have moulded the life of our subject, and endeared, him to the people of his town and county. His up- rightness of character and his many virtues have- given him a place among the intellectual people of Lancaster county. Few men there are who, lacking, opportunity, have forged their way to the front by dint of perseverance. As a great reader in a wide range of subjects, and as a keen observer of men. and events, Mr. Rinier merits the credit and esteem, which are accorded him by his fellow towns people.. He has lived a retiring, unassuming life, but always ready to bear his share of the burdens and ever ready to help others. ISA-IAH F. HESS, a successful young farmer of Manor township, but a carpenter by trade, with his residence a mile and a half north of Safe Har- bor, Lancaster county, was born Nov. 23, i860, in the township where he still resides, and is a son of" Jacob and Margaret (Frey) Hess, of well-known 1 Lancaster county families. At the age of twenty years, Isaiah F. Hess, who had been reared on a farm near Creswell, Pa., and! had been educated in the public schools, rented land on which he farmed for ten years, in the meantime working at his trade, which he had learned from his father. By following carpenter work and raising' tobacco on his rented land, Mr. Hess was able in> 1890 to purchase thirty-nine acres of good farming" land on which he does general farming, taking be- sides an occasional contract at carpenter work. In 1880 Isaiah F. Hess married Miss Emma Manning, daughter of Adam K. and Annie (Funk) Manning, and this union has been blessed with two children, viz., Jacob M., bom April 6, 1881 ; and' Annie M., born July 28, 1883. The family worship at the United Brethren Church, of which Mr. Hess has been a member for more than twenty years and- is at present a class leader. David Hess, the great-grandfather of Isaiah F. Hess, was born in Germany, was a farmer in Cone— stoga township, Lancaster county, and reared a fam- ily of three children, John, David and Michael. Michael Hess, the youngest of these three, was the- grandfather of Isaiah F., and was a hotel keeper by vocation the greater part of his life. Michael' Hess married Miss Mary Rothran, who bore him eight children, of whom five reached mature years, viz.: Daniel, John and David, all now deceased;: Michael, of Illinois ; and Jacob. Jacob Hess, father of'isaiah R Hess, was born- Oct. 31, T822, in Conestoga township, where he- ' learned the carpenter's trade at which he worked until 1865, then enlisted for the Civil war in the- Union army, but, the war being- brought' to a close, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1441 was discharged in 1866 and next engaged in farm- ing in Manor township. To the marriage of Jacob Hess and Margaret Frey, daughter of Frederick Frey, have been born eleven children, viz.: Mary, widow of Christ Kline, living in Illinois; Josiah, deceased: Christiann, wife of Christ Deitrich, of Manor township ; Elizabeth, wife of Samuel Kindig, of the same township ; Isaiah F. ; Amanda and Mat- tie, unmarried; and four that died in infancy. The family are members of the United Evangelical Church and are among the most respected and sub- stantial residents of Manor township. HENRY PHILLIPS. Perhaps no resident of Quarryville, Lancaster county, has more personal, attached friends than has Henry Phillips. 'The elements of character which win confidence and high regard, are possessed by him, in the highest degree. Mr. Phillips is a man of moral worth, of integrity of character, a friend to be depended upon, and one whose exemplary life is an example to others, although quiet and entirely unobtrusive. The birth of Henry Phillips was in the township of East Drumore, July 29, 1842, and he )vas a son of Michael and Hannah (Harmon) Phillips, both of whom were born in Lancaster county, the former being the son of Henry and Margaret. Phillips, who, although born in this county, came of German an- cestry. Henry Phillips, the grandfather, first settled at Conewingo Furnace, in this county, managing here for a number of years for James Hopkins, and both he and wife died at this place. Their children were : Michael, father of Henry ; Katie, who died unmar- ried ; Henry, deceased, who settled in East Drumore township and was a carpenter by trade ; Miss Nancy, a resident of East Drumore township; Jacob, de- ceased, who settled in Philadelphia, where he was a moulder by trade, and reared a family ; Mrs. James McMichael, deceased; Betsey, deceased, was the wife of George Shaub, of Quarryville; Polly, de- ceased, the wife of Jacob Shaub, a farmer of East Drumore township ; Lydia, deceased, wife of Jacob Brown, of Lancaster city ; and Susan, wife of Jacob Barr, of East Drumore township. Michael Phillips, son of Henry, and father of Henry, of this sketch, was given the best possible schooling in his locality, and started out in life as a tailor, learning the trade while still a young man. His marriage was to Miss Hannah Harmon, who was a daughter of Henry Harmon, one of the wealthy and prominent farmer citizens of East Dru- more township. After marriage Mr. Phillips and wife settled in East Drumore township where, m connection with work at his trade, he earned on farming, purchasing an estate in this township. In later vears he removed to Quarryville, where he en- gao-ed in work at his trade until within a few years of his death; his wife had passed away prior to the Civil war. Both parents were worthy members of the Old Mennonite Church, consistent Christian 91 people. The family of children born to Michael Phillips numbered ten: Mary, the eldest, suffered death in childhood from burns ; James died in child- hood ; Jacob, born in East Drumore township, grew to manhood, served faithfully in a Pennsylvania regiment through the Civil war, and after its close came home and was married to Margaret Redman, of Lancaster county, and they settled on a farm in East Drumore township, where he died, leaving a wife and family who now reside in Colerain town- ship; John learned the tailor trade and worked at it until twenty-six years of age, when he died in Quarryville; Anna, who is the widow of Joseph Shaub, resides with her family in East Drumore township ; Henry is the sixth in the order of birth ; Benjamin, born on the old homestead, enlisted for service in the Civil war, was wounded in one of the early battles, was later transferred to one of the gun- boats, veteranized in Co. D, 195th P. V. I., and served until the close of the war, when he moved to Carroll county, Va., where he married a Miss Gra- ham, and where he is now engaged in contracting and building, having become one of the substantial men of that county ; Susan, born in this county, is the wife of James Fry, and resides in East Drumore township; Elizabeth, born in East Drumore, is the wife of John Lundy, of Reading, Pa., and Michael, the youngest, is a cigar-maker of Lancaster City, married Miss Mary Killion, of Lancaster, and has no family. Henry Phillips received but limited education, leaving school to enter upon his apprenticeship un- der his father in the tailoring business. In 1859 he was united in marriage to Miss Catherine Groff, the estimable daughter of Joseph and Catherine (Myers) Grofif, both of these families being promi- nently identified with the agricultural interests of Lancaster county. The birth of Mrs. Phillips was in East Drumore township in 1842, and here she grew to womanhood, obtaining her education in the common schools of Lancaster county. The children born to this union were : Fannie and Susan, both of whom died in childhood ; Joseph, who married Miss Ida Sutter, a daughter of Lorin Sutter of this vil- lage, follows the trade of shoemaker in Quarryville, and has one daughter, Anna, who is a student ; and Charles G., the youngest of the family, is now a prin- ter in the office of the Quarryville Sun, unmarried. After marriage, our subject and wife settled in Quarryville, where he engaged in his tailoring busi- ness. At the outbreak of the Civil war, Mr. Phil- lips was one of the first loyal citizens to offer his services to his country, enlisting in Co. D, 195th P. V. I., serving faithfully until the close of the war, in the Army of the Potomac, and was honor- ably discharged. Returning to his home, Mr. Phil- lips resumed his merchant tailoring and has con- tinued to prosper ever since. Politically, Mr. Phillips has always supported the Republican party, and has efficiently performed the duties of tax-collector for his borough. So- 1442 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY daily, he is a member of Post No. 511, G. A. R., of Quarryville, in which he holds official position. Both Mr. Phillips and family are active members of the M. E. Church of Quarryville, in which he has long been a trustee, for many years the efficient superin- tendent of the Sabbath school and for the last eigh- teen years has been the leader of the church choir. Henry Phillips is one of Quarryville's most re- spected and influential citizens, in business as well as church work. His charities have been large, his interest in public affairs constant, and his neigh- borly kindness has won him the affection and es- teem of all with whom he has come in contact. BENJAMIN K. ESHLEMAN. It is rare in American communities to find a family in which for generation after generation the father has taught his trade to his son, and where in each case the pro- ficiency of the learner has been the theme of general comment and admiration. Such, however, has been the exceptional history of the Eshlemans, who for more than a century have been among the most highly esteemed citizens of the locality in which they have resided. Henry Eshleman, the great-grandfather of Ben- jamin K., was a blacksmith, of sturdy strength and strong sinews, who carried on his trade at Crom- well, where he owned forty acres of land. He was the father of three sons, Jacob, John and Henry, and two daughters. Of the latter, one married a Haw- thorne and the other a Kline. John, the second son, was the grandfather of Benjamin K. Eshleman. He learned his father's trade and worked at it through- out his life. In 181 1 he put up a new shop and built a large dwelling of sawed logs, in which he intended to keep a tavern ; this business, however, was not to his taste, and the house, which became the family homestead, is now the residence of Benjamin K. Toward the close of his life he gave up active work at his trade and devoted himself to farming upon the thirty-six acres of land which he owned. He was one of the founders of the Evangelical Church at Cromwell, donating the land for the site of the church building; he was also one of the denomina- tion's exhorters. During the war of the Revolution he was drafted as a soldier and for a short time did military service in the patriot army. He was twice married, his first wife being Susan Bender and his second Catherine Dickey. Of the second marriage there was no issue, but by his first he became the father of eleven children: John, Jacob (the father of Mr. Benjamin K. Eshleman), Henry, Martin, Elizabeth, Susan, Mary, Catherine, Anna, Martha and Fannie. Jacob Eshleman was born in 1807. He learned the trade followed by his father and grandfather and in 1830 opened a smithy of his own. In 1851 he toxight his father's shop, which he conducted until i860, when, upon the marriage of his son, Ben- jamin K., he surrendered the business to him, re- tiring to his thirty-six acre farm, which he continued to cultivate until his death, in 1887. He, too, was an earnest and active member of the Evangelical Church. He married Catherine, a daughter of Michael Kauffman, who bore him nine children, of whom Benjamin K. was the third in the order of birth, the eldest son. The others were Mary Ann, Fannie, Jacob, Susan, EUzabeth, Adeline, Amanda and Isaiah. Mary Ann married David Burkley; Fannie became Mrs. John Binkley; Jacob died in childhood; Susan married Abraham Hershey; Eliz- abeth, Benjamin Erb; Adeline, Daniel Frey; and Amanda, Jacob Kauffman. Isaiah was a school teacher and died immarried. After the death of his first wife, Jacob Eshleman married Elizabeth Lev- enite. Benjamin K. Eshleman learned the ancestral trade, and became an excellent machinist. His grandfather and father had both made wagons, and he continued the manufacture, the output of the shop being conceded to be the best in the county. It was in i860, shortly after his marriage, as has been already said, that he took possession of the old shop in which his father and grandfather had toiled so hard, so long and so well. In 1885 he purchased his father's thirty-six acres, and he and his wife own six acres besides. In addition to the conduct of his shop and farm, he has dealt successfully to some extent in horses. While largely self-made, his intercourse with the world has sharpened his perceptive power and broadened his comprehension. He may be said to be sympathetic without being gullible, shrewd yet broad minded; gentle yet strong. He has served on the school board several years. Mrs. Eshleman's maiden name was Mary Her- shey. She was a daughter of Abraham and Mag- dalena (Martin) Hershey, and was born in 1836, in the neighborhood of Cromwell. Five children have been born to herself and her husband, who were married in i860: Anna M., who died in in- fancy ; Abraham, Alice and Elizabeth, who live with their parents; Benjamin, a farmer, who married Anna Kendig, and is the father of one son, Edward. He was educated at the State Normal School at Millersville, and for two years taught school in Lancaster county. The family are members of the United Evangelical Church, Mr. Benjamin K. Esh- leman being one of the society's trustees. MARTIN METZROTH was born in Lancaster, Pa., m June, 1854, and died May 22, 1900. Anthony and Barbara (Rowe) Metzroth, his parents, were born in Germany, and were married in Lancaster. The father died in 1884, at the age of fifty-six years ; and the mother in 1896, at the age of seventy-five years. They were buried in Zion and St. Joseph cemeteries, in Lancaster. The father was a successful business man, and conducted a bakery in Lancaster for thirty-five years. In his politics he was a Democrat. To him and his wife were born: Martin; Mary, the wife of Jacob BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1443 Brownsworth, a barber in Lancaster; Anthony, who was associated with his father, is now managing the business which he established, and married Eliz- abeth Herzog, the sister of Mrs. Martin Metzroth ; and Charlotte and Elizabeth, who died young. An- thony Metzroth was a member of several fraternal orders at the time of his death, and was highly esteemed in the community. Martin Metzroth and Amelie Herzog were mar- ried May i8, 1876, and to their union was born one daughter, Mary E., who is now at home with her mother. Mrs. Amelie (Herzog) Metzroth was born in Lancaster, Pa., a daughter of Jacob and Barbara (Gardner) Herzog, both natives of Baden, Ger- many. The mother came to America in 1854, and settled in Lancaster. The father was the proprietor and manager of a hotel in Lancaster for many years after his return from the army. The hotel business impaired his health and he was compelled to give it up. A successful speculator, he became quite prosperous in his closing years. He also carried on a grocery store for some time, which paid him well. Mr. Herzog belonged to the I. O. O. F., and the Red Men. Politically he was a Republican. His death occurred in 1872, when he was forty-eight years of age. The mother, who was born June 22, 1823, is now living in Lancaster. They had the following children: Catherine, late wife of John Koutz; Thomas, who is unmarried, and makes his home with his mother ; Mary, the wife of Andrew J. Huffnagle, of Lancaster, Pa.; Caroline, wife of Martin Mnller, a cigar manufacturer at Quaker- town, Pa. ; Elizabeth, the wife of Anthony Metzroth ; Amelie: Catherine, the wife of Chester Hubly, a traveling salesman, of Collingwood, New Jersey. Martin Metzroth served a thorough apprentice- ship at the baking trade under his father's instruc- tions, with whom he remained until his marriage, when he came to Lancaster, to operate the "Spring Garden Hotel," the property of his wife's father. There he remained for six years, and in 1885, estab- lished himself in Florin, and until his death carried on the hotel, where his wife now- resides. In his politics he was a Democrat, and he was a member of the Red Men and the Mystic Chain. In Florin he held a good position in the com- munity, where he was known as the proprietor of a good hotel, and as a man who did business in a thor- oughlv practical and satisfactory manner. Mr. Metzroth had many warm friends and was highly esteemed by all who knew him. ISAAC DILLER, a well-known farmer of Lea- cock township, where his good qualities and indus- trious habits have long commanded the recognition and respect of the community, was born in Salis- bury township Oct. 12, 1835, son of Isaac and Ehza- beth (Bashore) Diller. ^ ,- , • ,q„. .. Isaac Diller was a farmer, and died in 1S7'. at the age of sixty-five years; his widow died in 1874, at the age of seventy-five. Both were buried in Rowland's Church cemetery. The following chil- dren were born to them: Mary A., the widow of George Worst, of Paradise township; Daniel and George, both deceased ; Margaret, widow of Christ. Eby, living in Salisbury township ; and Isaac, whose name appears above. The paternal grandparents of Isaac Diller were George and Susannah ( Sprecker) Diller, both of Lancaster county. His maternal grandparents, Mr. and. Mrs. Daniel Bashore, of Lancaster county, moved to Adams county, where they lived and died. Isaac Diller was married in 1865, in Salisbury township, to Josephine, daughter of Isaac and Re- becca (Brooks) Walker. Mrs. Diller was born in Sadsbury township, and died in 1873, at the age of thirty-two years. She was the mother of the fol- lowing children: Anna L., who is unmarried, and makes her home with her father; Isaac W., who married Lizzie Skiles, by whom he has four chil- dren, and who is in the livery business at Christiana, Pa. ; and Coleman, a farmer of Leacock township, who married Alice Carpenter, by whom he has one child. Isaac Walker, who was a merchant at Gap, Pa., died in 1896. His widow died in 1898. Beth were buried in the old Quaker cemetery in Sadsbury township, both having been Friends in religion. He was a merchant twelve years, and a farmer prior to that time. Mr, and Mrs. Walker had children: Josephine; Mary L., who married John Roberts, and lives in Texas ; Anna M., who died unmarried : James, an attorney at Lancaster ; Esther, married to Diller Worst, of Chester couiity, Pa. ; Sarah J,, married to Harry Hershey, of Phila- delphia; and Louis, a merchant in Sadsbury town- ship, who has his father's old store. Isaac Diller lived with his parents until his mar- riage, when he began farming on the old homestead in Salisbury, where he remained until the death of hi3 wife. After that he was engaged as a cattle drover at Intercourse some twelve years, at the ex- piration of that period resuming farming operations in Leacock township, which he has very success- fully followed to the present time. Socially he be- longs to the Knights of Pythias, and in politics he is a Democrat. Mr. Diller stands well in the com- munity, and has accumulated a very good fortune, the reward of thrift, indu.stry and business ability combined in a degree not at all common. ISAAC M. BOWMAN. Lancaster county has ' among its reliable and substantial citizens, many , who have won their ease and prominence through I their own unassisted efforts, and one of these is ; Isaac M. Bowman, who is respected and esteemed . by his community and valued for his worth as an ' honest citizen. He was born in Strasburg township, in July, 1836, a son of Isaac and Annie (Musser) Bowman, well known residents of the county. Isaac Bowman was born in New Holland, in Lancaster countv, and his wife came from one of the 1444 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY old and leading families of Cumberland county. Pa. For eight years after marriage, Isaac Bowman re- sided in Strasburg township, and then removed to a farm located in Eden township, this place being his home for a period of twenty years, his next change being as years were creeping on, to the home of his son, Isaac, in Camargo; and there, with filial care and affection surrounding him, he died in 1879. Some two years prior to this, his wife had passed out of life. She had been a most devoted member of the Mennonite Church, her lovely Chris- tian life exemplifying the faith taught by the pious teachers of this unworldly order. To Isaac Bow- man and wife a family of nine children was born, these being: John, a resident of New Providence; Elizabeth, who died at the age of eighteen years, just as she was blooming into fair womanhood; Henry, born in Lancaster county, and now a farmer in Dauphin county, who married Miss Annie Bow- man, and they have one son, Frank ; Susan, who mar- ried George Benedict, of Lancaster City, and died leaving a family of four children to mourn the loss of a most devoted mother ; J oseph, who married Miss Laura Grnsh, of Strasburg, and resides in Phila- delphia, where he is engaged in work at his trade of cabinetmaker ; Amanda, who married Isaac Groff , of this county, and has a family of six children; Benjamin, who died when a young man ; Annie, who is the wife of Rev. Abraham Brubaker, of West Lampeter township; and our subject, Isaac M. Reared under the careful eye of a good and pious mother, and given a good, common school education, Mr. Bowman of this sketch was not badly equipped for beginning life. His first move was a wise one, as he early decided to learn the shoemaker trade and thus be able to make an honorable living, no matter vv^hat misfortune might overtake him. His teacher was the well known Isaac Myers, Esq., who later moved to Ohio, and died some years ago. Mr. Bowman worked industriously at his trade, in the village of Camargo, prospered and bought a home there, made many friends, and some years after was able to purchase a tract of land in this locality, and built iipon it one of the most attractive and comfortable residences in the village. This the family has occupied ever since. The marriage of Mr. Bowman to Miss Char- lotte Alexander, was celebrated in 1859. She was the estimable daughter of James and Martha Alex- ander, this family being one of the leading pioneer ones of Lancaster county. The birth of Mrs. Bow- man was in Eden township, in 1837, and her com- panionship was given our subject until 188 1, when she was called from earth, having been a devoted wife and a loving mother. The children of this union nirmbered seven, as follows : Freeland, born in Eden township, when grown to maturity, moved to Cleveland, Ohio, and is engaged there in a mercantile establishment ; he married and has one daughter, Gladys. Harry, born in 1863, is a telegraph operator, in Atlantic City; he married Miss Katie Yager of this county. Edward, born in 1865, is located at Harrisburg, where he is engaged in railroading, on the Pennsylvania Railroad ; he married Ida Fraley, and their three children are Clara, Freeland and Elwood. Ada N. died in child- hood. Abbie, born in 1869, is the wife of Thomas Edwards, ticket agent at Mount Hope, this county,, and their five children are, Edna, Charles, Mable, Percy and Jay. Frank, born in 1871, married Miss Jessie Longmaker, of this county, by whom he has three children, and they now reside on his farm in Lampeter township. Martin, born in 1874, mar- ried Miss Emma Rohrer, of Strasburg, and they live in Providence township, on a farm; their two- children are, Isaac and Elsie. Mr. Bowman takes great pride and comfort in these most estimable children and in the host of intelligent grandchildren, all of whom give him honor and respect. In politics Mr. Bowman has, for many years, been thoroughly identified with the Republican party, and in religious matters he is of the Menno- nite faith. Dtiring late years Mr. Bowman has been giving attention to truck and fruit raising for the Lancaster city market, and he has been eminently successful. Starting out in life with very limited means, by his energy and industry, he has accumu- lated much more than a competency. His life has been filled with kind deeds to others, his character is one of integrity, and his circle of both private and business friends is very large. CHRISTIAN MYERS, deceased. During a long and useful life Christian Myers stood for all that was -best in both private and public life in his community. Mr. Myers belonged to one of the old- est and most honored of the pioneer families of Lan- caster county, having been a son of Jacob and Susan Myers. Christian Myers was a product of Eden town- ship, where he was born in March, 1834, and there he lived, esteemed and respected by those who had known him longest and best, until the date of his death, Nov. 6, 1898. His home was on the old home- stead, which was his property for many years prior to his decease, at which time he owned also much, other valuable land. Christian Myers was married in December, 1882, to Miss Ella Pickle, who was born in December, 1862, in Bart township, the estimable daughter of Josiah and Amanda (Baughman) Pickle, her family being one of the old and prominent ones of the cotmty. Josiah Pickle was born in Bart township- in November, 1831, and his wife was also born in Bart township, in 1837, daughter of Peter and Amelia Baughman. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Myers was Peter Pickle, who married Mary A. Hidlebaugh, and they settled on a farm in Bart township, where the family home was founded. The- mother of Mrs. Myers died in 1885, leaving her husband with four children, namely: Edwin, who was born in i860, married Miss Ida Mendenall, of BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1445 Chester county, and they reside in West Grove, Chester Co., Pa.; they have one daughter, — Ruth. Josiah E., born in 1866, married Miss Mary Hines, of Colerain township, and they reside on his farm in Kirkwood; they have two children, Melvin and Lulie. Minnie, who was born in 1868, is the wife of George Hines, and they live in Bart township; they have no family. Ella is Mrs. Myers. Mr. Pickle is one of the most substantial and highly es- teemed citizens of Bart township, where the family has been prominent many years. For thirty years he has been one of the leading members of the Meth- odist Church. Mrs. Myers is a lady of education, good judg- ment and many admirable qualities, and is widely and favorably known through this community. Her residence .is on one of the fine farms near the old homestead. Her family consists of three children: George, born in 1885 ; Ada, born in 1886 ; and Clara, born in 1892. All are students in the home schools, bright, intelligent and affectionate chil- dren, of whom Mrs. Myers has every reason to feel proud. JACOB R. GISH, a retired farmer and a promi- nent citizen of West Donegal township, Lancaster county, was born in that township, Nov. 24, 1837, a son of John and Anna (Risser) Gish, natives of West Donegal township, and Dauphin county, re- spectively. The father, who was a farmer all his days, died on his old homestead in 1877, at the age of seventy-seven years ; the mother died in Decem- ber, 1896, at the age of eighty-nine years; both were buried in the Longenecker Mennonite Church cemetery in West Donegal township. Born to them were the following children: Peter, a farmer and a miller in West Donegal township; Abraham, de- ceased ; Jacob R. ; John, David and Anna, all de- ceased ; Samuel, engaged in the tillage of the old homestead. The paternal grandparents of Jacob R. Gish were Abraham and Elizabeth (Longenecker) Gish, born and reared in Lancaster county, where their lives were spent. They came of Swiss stock. The maternal grandfather of Jacob R. Gish was Peter Risser, a farmer and miller. Jacob R. Gish was married Jan. 10, 1861, in Lebanon, Pa., to Elizabeth Rutt, and to them were born the following children: Abraham, who mar- ried Amanda Hershey, and is in the implement busi- ness in Elizabethtown ; Henry, at home, unmarried ; Catherine, married to Amos Herr, a farmer in Mt. Joy township; Emma, married to Steven Linde- muth, a farmer in East Donegal township; Enos, who died young : Amos R., in the implement busi- ness, and a sketch of whom is given elsewhere ; Levi, at home. . Mrs. Elizabeth (Rutt) Gish was born in West Donegal township, Jan. 10, 1842, a daughter of Abraham and Catherine (Hernley) Rutt. Her par- ents were both born on the farm where their active years were spent. The father was a farmer and actively pursued that calling until five years before his death, Oct. 26, 1897, being over seventy-eight years old at the time of his death. Her mother died Jan. 31, 1896, at the age of seventy-seven years, and both were buried in Longenecker's cemetery. They were members of the Mennonite Church. To them were born the following children : Elizabeth ; Henry, who died at the age of three years; and Abraham, who died in infancy. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Elizabeth Gish were Henry and Elizabeth (Weaver) Rutt, both born in Lancaster county, where their lives were spent, and where the grandfather followed farming and blacksmithing. Her maternal grandparents were John and Susan (Kinsey) Hernley, also na- tives of Lancaster county. Jacob R. Gish spent the years of his boyhood and youth under the parental roof, and when he reached his maturity he rented the farm where he is found today, and worked it on shares for ten years ; then he bought it, and has become one. of the solid and successful farmers of that part of the county. Prominent and progressive in his farming, he is alert and wide-awake to the world around him. In his politics he is a Republican, and exer- cises considerable influence in local affairs. LEVI H. BRACKBILL, a general farmer and highly respected citizen of Salisbury township, was born Aug. 18, 1858, son of Joseph and Elizabeth (Metzler) Brackbill. As long as his parents lived Mr. Brackbill re- mained at home. His education was acquired in the common schools and as a boy he became ac- customed to duties on the farm during the busy seasons. After the family had been separated on account of the death of the parents, Levi H. went to live with his uncle Abraham Metzler, for whom he worked for two years, going then on the Peter Hershey farm for two years. Being strong, will- ing and capable, the young man had no difficulty in "finding employment with neighboring farmers, and twelve years of his life thus passed away, six of these being spent with his brother. Rev. Chris- tian Brackbill. With all of this valuable experience Mr. Brackbill was able to enter intelligently upon the operation of his own farm, on which he has re- mained ever since. There he has been very suc- cessful, and he is regarded in Salisbury township as one of its excellent and progressive farmers. In politics Mr. Brackbill is identified with the Repub- lican party. His religious membership is with the Mennonite Church. On Nov. 21, 1883, in New Holland, Mr. Brack- bill was married to Miss Susan Ranck and to this union the following children have been bom : Ben- jamin R., Bertha M., Anna E., Parke R. and Elsa S. Mrs. Brackbill was born Nov. 16, 1863, in Par- adise township, daughter of Benjamin and Lydia (Hershey) Ranck, natives of Lancaster county. 1446 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY They now reside in Paradise township where Mr. Ranck has long occupied a position of prominence. He is a farmer of standing in that township and for many years has been a valued member of the school board. Mr. Ranck was born Dec. 28, 1838, and his wife Dec. 13, 1843. They are leading members of the Mennonite Church. In politics Mr. Ranck sup- ports the Republican party. Their family consisted of these members : Abraham, deceased, who mar- ried Susan Kreider ; Susan, the wife of Mr. Brack- bill; Harry, a farmer in Paradise township, who married Anna Stoner; Ellen, married to Tobias Kreider. who is a farmer in East Lampeter town- ship ; Anna, married to Martin Kreider, a farmer in East Lampeter township; Benjamin, who died young; Jacob, a farmer in Paradise township, who married Frances Kreider; Jesse, also a farmer in Paradise township, married to Elizabeth Keaner; Christian, a painter living near Philadelphia; and Cora, Ida, John, Amos, Esther, Cecelia and Park, all at home. . The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Brackbill were Jacob and Susan (Leaman) Ranck, natives of Lancaster county, but of Swiss ancestry. The maternal grandparents also were of Swiss origin and were Abraham and Barbara (Eby) Hershey, of Lancaster county. ALBERT HILLER ESHLEMAN, house painting and decorating contractor, with office and warehouse at No. 52 North Christian street, Lan- caster, comes from a north of France Huguenot family, which emigrated to America in 1767. They were agriculturists and settled in Lampeter town- skip, Lancaster Co., Pennsylvania. Martin Eshleman, grandfather of Mr. Eshle- man, was born in Martic township, and in 1847 re- moved to Indiana, where he acquired extensive mill and real estate interests along the Wabash river. Both he and his wife died in Indiana. Samuel Eshleman, their son, and the father of the subject of this sketch, returned as a boy to Pennsylvania, making his home at Marticville, this county. After quitting school he learned the trade of cabinetmak- ing and painting. He married Miss Mary Hiller, daughter of Jacob and Anna Hiller, now deceased, and sister of Casper Hiller, for years a prominent member of the Lancaster County Agricultural So- ciety. Thirteen children, nine of whom are liv- ing, were born to this union : Albert Hiller, of Lan- caster; John C, a house painter, of Philadelphia; Laura, widow of William Makinson, of Philadel- phia; Elizabeth, wife of Frank Simpson (Simpson Bros., plumbers), of Lancaster; Paul Sherman, a cigar-maker of Lancaster; Flora, of Philadelphia; Lottie, at home with her mother ; Edward, a house painter in the employ of his brother Albert H. ; and Perry, who is engaged in the Hamilton Watch fac- tory. Albert Hiller Eshleman was born near New Danville, Lancaster county, and educated in the public schools of Marticville. Leaving school when fourteen, he obtained employment in a store at Dru- more Centre. After two weeks he took to painting, and in September, 1891, moved to Lancaster, start- ing in business for himself. He has been success- ful, as many of the best improvements in Lancas- ter testify. He painted the Franklin street and Strawberry street school biiildings ; the fine sub- urban homes of H. S. Williamson, J. R. Foster, C. J. Swarr, H. L. Raub, ten of the Hagen houses in the West End, the great Woolworth building, the new Y. M. C. A. building, and many others. His force comprises twenty-five workmen, who are kept busy all the year round. Mr. Eshleman married Miss Maggie Pickel, daughter of Francis and Elizabeth Pickel, late of Lancaster. Three children have been born to them : Elizabeth, now at home ; and Anna and Ida May, at school. Mr. Eshleman is an earnest Republican, and has been a member of the common council from the Seventh ward since 1897. He has served on one of the most important committees, that of Streets, and at this time is chairman of that body. No man either as a private citizen or as a public official stands higher in the community than Mr. Eshle- man. He is a member and trustee of St. Paul's M. E. Church, and is superintedent of the M. E. Mis- sion Sunday-school on East Walnut street. He is a member of the Artisans ; Junior O. U. A. M. ; Knights of the Golden Eagle ; Knights of the Mys- tic Chain ; and the Benevolent Order of Elks. With a fine record and in the prime of manhood, it is more than likely that Mr. Eshleman's career has but just opened. ABRAHAM M. SHENK, a wide-awake and progressive young farmer of Manor township, Lan- caster county, was born Nov. 21, 1864, on the old Shenk homestead at Central Manor, and is a son of Abraham L. and Fannie Shenk, of whom the latter is deceased. Abraham M. Shenk was educated in the com- mon schools of his district and was reared to farm- ing, assisting his father until 1891, when he began operations for himself on the old homestead, which has been in the possession of the Shenk family since 1740. and comprises eighty-one acres, now under the highest state of cultivation and in a greatly im- proved condition. Abraham M. keeps fully abreast of the times in general farming and avails himself of every modern agricultural implement and every useful and practicable theory which late experience has shown to be advantageous to the enterprising farmer. On Jan, 8, 1891, at the time of beginning opera- tions on his own account, Abraham Shenk married Miss Kate Rohrer, daughter of Christian H. Rohr- er, of Manor township, and this union has been graced Vv^ith two children, Clayton R. and Elizabeth R. The parents are conscientious members of the Mennonite Society and liberally contribute of their BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1447 means toward the payment of its expenses. The standing of Mr. and Mrs. Shenk in the social cir- cles of the township is all that could be desired. The Shenk homestead is one of the neatest and most homelike and comfortable in Manor township, and no small credit is due to Mrs. Shenk for the taste displayed in the interior and exterior decora- tion of the dwelling proper and its floral surround- ings. MICHAEL B. MYERS, who is now living the life of a retired farmer in Florin, Pa., was born on the farm, which has long been the homestead for the family, in East Donegal, Oct. i6, 1830, a son of Henry and Barbara (Brenner) Myers. The fa- ther, who was born in East Donegal, died there in i860, at the age of eightv-two years; the mother died in Florin, Pa., in 1875, at the same age. They were both interred in the Cross Roads Meeting House cemetery in East Donegal township. There were born to this union children as follows : Anna, Mrs. Clark, a widow, who is living in East Donegal township ; Mary, who died unmarried at the age of seventy-seven years; Barbara, deceased wife of Henry Eshleman ; Susan, who married and is deceased ; Henry, deceased, who married Mary Hershey; Catherine, late wife of Peter Walter; John, a farmer in East Donegal ; Michael B., a re- tired farmer in Florin ; Lydia, late wife of Emanuel Griner ; David B-. oi East Donegal township ; and Philip, who married Elizabeth Hershey, and died at the age of forty-seven years. Michael B. Myers was married Feb. 4, 1868, to Malinda Good, in Elizabethtown, Pa., by whom he has become the father of the following children: Henrv G., who married Alice Coover, is now de- ceased ; Michael G. ; Samuel G., who married Ame- lia Brubaker, and is now living on the old home- stead ; Christ G., a telegraph operator in Philadel- phia; Malinda, unmarried, and making her nome with her parents. Mrs Malinda (Good) Myers was born in Ra- pho township, Feb.~ 25, 1841, and is a daughter of Christ and Magdelina (Garrust) Good, both na- tives of Mt. Joy township. Her father was a farm- er and died in his native township in 1880, at the age of eighty-six. The mother passed away in 1875 at the age of seventy-two years. They were both interred in the Horst cemetery in Rapho town- ship. The mother was a devoted member of the Lutheran Church. Born to this union were chil- dren as follows : Jacob, Joseph and Samuel, all de- ceased ; Anna, living in Mt. Joy township, the wid- ow of David Kriner: Abraham, Mary, Elizabeth, who married Samuel Reese, Griphina and Malinda, Jill rlGCf3.sccl. Michael B. Myers remained on the old home- stead farm until March 25, 1897, when he con- cluded he had done hard work enough, and moved into Florin, where he is living a retired life. Both he and his wife are good Christian people, and are highly regarded by- the community in which they live. Michael G. Myers, a general farmer, now in charge of the paternal estate in East Donegal town- ship, is living on the place where he was born in 1872, the son of Michael B., whose life is treated above. In May, 1897, he was married in Camden, N. J., to Josephine Miller, and one child. Pearl M., has been born to this union. Mrs. Josephine Myers was born at Marietta, Pa., and is a daughter of Henry H. Miller, who has now retired from his life work of shoemaking, and lives in East Donegal township. Born in Manheim township, in 1844, he is a son of Joseph and Cath- erine (Hartman) Miller, natives of Strasburg and Manheim, respectively, and both of whom died in Manheim. Joseph Miller was a butcher and lived retired some years. In 1893 he died at the age of eighty years, and she in 1884 at the age of sixty- six years. Both were buried in the Manheim cem- etery. They were members of the Evangelical Church, and had the following children: Adeline, now the widow of Prof. Benjamin Danner; Henry H. ; Clement H., who died at the age of .fifty-four ; Pernenna H., of Manheim, Pa., unmarried. The paternal grandfather of Mr. Miller was Henry Miller, who married a Rohrer, both born in Stras- burg, and died on Sporting Hill, Lancaster county. Henry Miller was a retired farmer at his death. Henry H. Miller in 1865 married Julia Fish- burn, at Marietta, Pa. Born to this union was: Josephine, who married Michael G. Myers. Julia Fishburn was born in Dauphin county. Mr. Miller remained with his parents until he reached the age of twenty years, when he went to Marietta, Pa., where he mastered the shoemaker's trade, and spent the ensuing thirty years engaged at it. For a few years he attended a gate for a turn- pike company, and in 1S96 came to his present home, where he has since remained. In politics he is a Republican, and has always taken an intelli- gent and thoughtful interest in politics. Michael G. Myers remained with his parents un- til he reached the age of twenty-one years, when he left their sheltering roof and began the cultivation of his present place of forty-seven acres. In this work he has been highly successful, and though a young man, has taken a prominent position in the community, where his good qualities, energetic habits and high character have won a host of friends. DANIEL E. RANCK, a merchant and miller of Lancaster township, is a representative of a Lan- caster county family, long and favorably known in this part of the State. Samuel Ranck, his father, was born in East Lampeter township in 1813, and earlv learned the milling trade in Staufifer's Mill, near Bird-in-Hand. He was a miller until his death, which occurred in 1894. In politics he was a Republican, and for some years he was school director in his native 1448 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY township. He married Susan Eby, and they had eleven children, four of whom died in infancy: Esther is the wife of Jacob R. Witmer ; Abram lost his life by being burned in a mill (the same one now operated by our subject), when he was only eigh- teen years of age; Jacob E. is a farmer in Lancas- ter township ; Isaac is a janitor in a public school in Philadelphia ; Adam is an employe of the Philadel- phia Custom House ; Henry was drowned when three years of age; Daniel E. is mentioned below. Both father and mother were members of the Old Mennonite Church. Daniel E. Ranck was born 'Oct. 2, 1856, in the house where he is now living. Remaining at home with his parents until he was twenty-two years of age, he secured his education in the meantime in the public schools, and then began life for himself. For three years he was a farmer in East Lampeter township, and for six years in Upper Leacock town- ship. At the end of that time he came back to the old homestead, and worked in the mill for his fa- ther five years, at the end of which time it passed into his charge, and has received all his attention to the present. Mr. Ranck was married, in 1876, to Susan Zim- merman, daughter of Isaac and Catherine Zimmer- man, and to this union have been born eight chil- dren; one of whom died in childhood; Daniel S. is a florist ; Benjamin C. is a bookkeeper for the L. M. Paist Company, of Philadelphia ; Harvey C is now attending Weed's Business College; Abram is at- tending the Franklin and Marshall Academy ; Paul and Mahlon are at home ; Susan died at the age of twelve years. Mr. and Mrs. Ranck are both mem- bers of the Reformed Church, which is locally known as the Heller Church. Mr. Ranck owns property at the corner of Ranck avenue and East Ray street, on which are four houses. He is one of the broad-minded and progressive men of his section of Lancaster county, fully alive to the best interests of his community, where he is considered one of the most upright and substantial business men of the day, with many a kind word for his good qualities and lofty char- acter. In politics Mr. Ranck is a Republican. AMOS N. LEHMAN is a son of the Rev. Benjamin K. Lehman, for many years a distin- guished clergyman of Manor township, and was born on his father's farm, April 14, 1847. Attend- ance at the district school was supplemented by a brief term Of study at the State Normal School, at Millersville, and he devoted himself for many years to assisting his father in farm work. On Jan. 5, 1873, Mr. Lehman was married to Mary R. Shellenberger, a daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Rohrer) Shellenberger, born Oct. 24, 1848. After his marriage, he and his bride went to live upon a farm belonging to his father (and now owned by his brother John), which he tilled with considerable success until the spring of 1874. Meanwhile domestic misfortune had overtaken him, his young wife having died Nov. 22, 1873, after the birth of her child, a daughter named Mary _S. He resolved to enter the educational field, and with a view to qualifying himself therefor, he resumed his studies at the State Normal School and in the autumn of 1876 began his career as a teacher at Central Manor. He followed this profession for fourteen years, varying his work in 1890 by acting as census enumerator for his native township. In 1 89 1 he concluded to return to agricultural life and purchased a small farm of twelve and a half acres, some two miles southwest of Mountville. Here he yet resides, in a pleasant home, whose surroundings indicate thrift, prosperity and refinemeiit. He is highly esteemed in the community in which he has lived, since boyhood, and is now serving his third term as town auditor. In politics he is a Republi- can, and in 1895 was appointed by Senator John H. Landis paster and folder in the Documentary de- partment of the Senate. He is also a director in the RCanor Mutual Insurance Company. On Nov. 30, 1876, Mr. Lehman married a second time, his wife ■ being Annie R. Meyers, a daughter of Jacob and Annie (Rohrer) Meyers. She was born Sept. 9, 1846, and died May 29, 1886. Two sons were born of this marriage, of whom the elder died in infancy ; and the younger, Benjamin F., lives with his father. DANIEL B. WOLGEMUTH, a general farm- er of Rapho township, was born April 8, 1857, on the farm adjoining the homestead of the pioneer Wplgemuth, in Mt. Joy township, Lancaster county. Henry Wolgemuth, his father, was born on the same farm, and his mother, Fanny (Brubaker) Wolgemuth, was born in Rapho township. The father was a farmer and died on his place in 1887, at the age of fifty-seven years, having retired from active duties several years before his death. His remains were buried in a private cemetery on the farm. The mother, who was born in 1836, is still living in Mt. Joy, Pa. She is a member of the Brethren in Christ Church, of which her husband was also a member during his lifetime. There were born to this couple the following children : Harry, a farmer living on the old homestead; Isaac, a farmer of Dallas Center, Iowa ; Daniel B. ; Elias, a farmer of Mt. Joy township; Susan, wife of Na- than Eshleman, a Mt. Joy farmer; Abraham, de- ceased; Elizabeth, deceased; Fanny, deceased; and Barbara, deceased. The paternal grandfather of Daniel B. Wolgemuth was Daniel Wolgemuth, a farmer of Mt. Joy township, while his maternal grandfather was Henry Brubaker, of Lancaster county, whose wife was a Longenecker. In November, 1880, Daniel B. Wolgemuth mar- ried Miss Maria Shelly, of Rapho township. There have been born to this union the following chil- dren : Samuel S., John S., Irwin S. and Harry S. Mrs. Maria (Shelly) Wolgemuth was born in Ra- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1449 pho township in 1861 ; her brother, Emanuel Shelly, also lives in the township. Mr. Wolgemuth lived with his parents until he became of age, attending in the meantime the schools of the county. After his majority was at- tained he farmed the Wolgemuth homestead for seven years, and then moved to his present home. He and his family are members of the Brethren in Christ Church, and Mr. Wolgemuth is a Republi- can in politics. The gentleman is a thrifty care- ful manager, and has been very prosperous in his undertakings largely on account of the care and judgment used in carrying out his operations. He is well thought of in the community for his kindly disposition and generous nature. JOSEPH A. HOKE. Among the leading citi- zens of Penryn, Pa., is Joseph A. Hoke, the genial host of the "Penryn Hotel," one of the best and most comfortable inns in Lancaster county. The family originated in Germany and from that country emigrated to the United States, the location of the founder of the American branch being in Lebanon county. Pa., some time early in 1700. Grandfather Jacob Hoke was born in Lebanon coun- ty, Aug. 9, 1787, and followed farming until old age compelled a cessation from active work. His death occurred on July 15, 1868. He married Barbara Snavely, and to them were born four children : Cath- erine, the wife of Peter Greider ; Mary A., deceased wife of Joseph Smith; Jacob, deceased, a farmer of Lebanon county ; and Joseph, the father of Joseph A., of this sketch. Joseph Hoke was born in Lebanon, June 26, 1822, embraced an agricultural life and successfully followed it until he retired in 1884. His wife was Hannah Smith, and they were the parents of twelve children, of whom, five died in infancy; Maria, the eldest of the survivors, is the wife of Aaron Bru- baker ; John H., is a farmer on the old homestead in Lebanon county; Joseph; Jacob, a farmer of Leba- non county ; Henry, a farmer on the old home ; and Eimina, who is the wife of Edwin Gassert. Joseph A. Hoke was born in Lebanon county, Dec. 17* 1855, and received his practical education in farm work under the supervision of his father. In the public schools of his township he finished the common school course and at the age of twenty- three years was ready to begin his own career. For nine vears he conducted farming operations in Leba- non countv, then sold his property there and moved to Bismarck, where he lived retired for a space of five years, and then purchased the "Penryn Hotel." There he made many improvements and has become one of the most popular landlords in the vicinity, as his hotel is the resort of the best of the traveling Mr. Hoke married Sarah O. Kurtz, and the one son of this marriage is Mays K., a young man who graduated at the Pennsylvania Busmess Col- lege of Lancaster, and is now employed by J. M. Yeager, at Yeagerstown, as stenographer and gen- eral bookkeeper. Mr. Hoke has been active in several of the fra- ternal orders, notably the P. O. S. of A., Washing- ton Camp, No. 70, and the A. O. K. of M. C, No. 19, of Lititz. As a good citizen he is highly es- teemed and few men are more universally liked for their pleasant personality. Mr. Hoke takes a great interest in all progressive measures and is always ready to advance the interests of every enterprise which promises to be of advantage to his section. HENRY CONNER, now a retired farmer of Colerain township, whose active career has been very largely run in Bart township, was born in Coun- ty Derry, Ireland,. May 19, 1823, and is a son of Hamilton and Nancy (Eton) Conner. The par- ents were both natives of County Derry, where the father died. The mother brought her family to the United States in i860, and died in Philadelphia two years later. The father was a member of the Episcopal Church, and the mother of the Presby- terian. They had a family of six sons and three ' daughters, (i) John, who was born in Ireland in 1803, was an Irish farmer, and died in his native island, leaving three children, Hamilton and Jos- eph, who live in Philadelphia, and Margaret, who is in Illinois. (2) William, born in Ireland, where he married and spent his life. His widow brought their children to this country, and made a home for them in Germantown, Pa., where she died. The children were: Martha, Mary and Elizabeth, who lived in Germantown ; and William, who became a physician, and opened an office in Germantown; he married Annie, a daughter of Henry Conner, by whom he became the father of three children, Annie, Alice and Norman. (3) James, born and married in Ireland, died in his home land, leaving a family who reside there. (4) Hamilton, born in Ireland in 1821, married and settled in his native land, making his home on the old Conner farm, where he died, leaving a family who still reside in their native land. (5) Robert, born in Ireland in 1826, came to this coun- try while still a lad and settled in Philadelphia, where he became a shoe merchant, and is still act- ive in that trade. He has six children Hving, Ham- ilton, Robert, Hannah, Elizabeth, Margaret, and Jane. (6) Margaret Conner died in Ireland. (7) Jane Conner, born in Ireland, came with her mother to Philadelphia, where she married William Aiken, and located in Philadelphia, where they both died, leaving one son, Hamilton, now a business man of Philadelphia. (8) Mary, born and reared in Ire- land, where she married Robert Miller, came to Philadelphia, where they made their home; both are now dead, leaving three daughters, Margaret, Mary and Adaline, all living in Philadelphia, where they were born and reared. (9) Henry. Henry Conner was educated in a subscription school in Ireland, and in 1846 was married in his native community, to Leah, a daughter of James and 1450 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Mary Givven, both of Ireland. Three months after marriage the young couple came to Philadelphia, where they lived ten years, and then moved to Salis- bury township, Lancaster county. There Mr. Con- ner bought a farm, and remained some ten years. Tb.en he bought a farm in Bart township, where he engaged earnestly m its cultivation, erecting a new house and farm buildings. At the present time Mr. Conner owns two farms in that township. Mrs. Henry Conner died in November, 1898, leaving a large family, (i) Hamilton, (2) Mary and LS) Jane, all died young. (4) Priscilla, born in Philadelphia, married Albert Price, and lives on his farm in Russellville, Chester county, where they have a family of four children; Eva, Samuel, Bur- ton, and Gertrude. (5) Annie, born in Philadel- phia in 18.ST, married Dr. William Conner, of Chest- nut Hill, Germantown, Pa. (6) Henry, born in Philadelphia in 1853. married Miss Tillia Map- shire, a daughter of Samuel Mapshire, of Colerain township, lives in his native city, and is an engineer in an electric light plant. They have seven children : Burton : Walter ; Phillip, now of Arizona ; and four whose names are not given. (7) Alfred, born in Philadelphia in 1858, was educated in the Lancaster county schools, where, growing to manhood on his father's farm, he was married to Ruth, the daughter of Isaac Montgomery, of Eden township, where she was born and reared. She is a woman who is well and favorably known, not only as a good wife and mother, but as a friend and neighbor in the com- munity. Mr. Conner has three children, Elizabeth, Marvin and Ellen. Mr. Conner moved to Chris- tiana after his marriage, and there followed the butcher's trade some years. He is a natural born mechanic, and put up a fine house on his father's farm ; Mr. Conner never served an apprenticeship, but worked out his trade by his own genius. In Chester county he was a farmer several years, and then moved to Kirkvilje, where he bought the hotel property. There he is erecting a fine barn. This is one of the fine hotels of Colerain township. (8) Mary, who was born in Bart township, in 1861, mar- ried Uriah Ecker, of Bart township, Lancaster coun- ty, and is the mother of three children, Henry, Al- fred, and Louisa, (g) Charlotte was born at the Bart township homestead, where she received her early education. When thirteen years old she en- tered the Academy of Fine Arts in Philadelphia, where she remained four years, and then spent a year in Paris, where she completed her art studies. She is now engaged as an artist in New York, her productions commanding large prices. Miss Con- ner is one of the famous artists of Lancaster county, and commands the admiration of all who are inter- ested in art. (10) William J. Conner, born on the Bart township farm in 1866, grew to manhood in his native community. He married Susan, a daughter of John and Susan Hess, of Eden township. They reside on his father's home in Bart township, where they have a son and daughter, Marian and Leon. Mr. Conner is a Republican, and is a worker in the local organization. Since he was sixteen years old he has been a member of the Episcopal Church. All his life he has been an active worker in that body, and has for years been a member of the Amer- ican Protestant Association. Mr. Conner has been connected with the Odd Fellows for more than fifty years. He came to this country a poor boy, and was very early thrown upon his own resources ; by thrift and economy he has risen to a prominent place in the community, where his life has been above re- proach. DANIEL D. FORRY has for nearly forty years been a contiimous resident of West Hempfield town- ship, Lancaster county, where he has engaged suc- cessfully in agricultural pursuits. During his long residence he has gained a wide circle of friends and acquaintances in Lancaster and adjoining counties, and the probity and strength of his character have contributed not only to the material development of this rich locality but to its moral and social advance- ment also. He comes of good old Pennsylvania stock, of the race that won first honors in wresting the land, now rich in historical associations, from its primitive wild and inhospitable conditions. A native of Helm township, York Co., Pa., Mr. Forry was born July 30, 1840, son of John and Sophia (Dellinger) Forry. There he was reared to manhood, schooled in the bleak adversities of the times, and receiving the moderate education which the district schools then afforded, grounded in the faith and rectitude of the Dunkard Church, to which the parents held religious allegiance, and devoting the years of his youth to the arduous labor of the farm. He remained on the home farm until he was twenty-two years of age. His elder brother also adopting the vocation of farming, Daniel D. crossed the Susquehanna and entered upon his long and pros- perous career in the adjoining county of Lancaster. In West Hempfield township he purchased seventy- five acres of his present farm, to which he subse- quently added fifteen acres. Here in 1868 he mar- ried Barbara Musser, a native of West Hempfield township, born April 19, 1846, daughter of Michael and Elizabeth (Garber) Musser, natives, respective- ly,of Rapho and East Donegal townships. Michael Musser was for many years a prominent farmer of West Hempfield township, where he died in Decem- ber, 1897, aged eighty-three years ; his wife, Eliza- beth, also died on the old homestead, in advanced life. To Daniel D. and Barbara (Musser) Forry have been born the following children: Elizabeth, wife of Jacob Breneman, a farmer of Rapho township ; John, a farmer of Manor township ; Michael, a farm- er of West Hempfield township ; and Daniel, Fanny, Henry and Rudolph, living with their parents at the homestead hallowed by the family associations of many years. In politics Daniel D. Forry is a BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1451 Democrat. He has served West Hempfield town- ship in the capacity of supervisor, and has attained in the pursuit of his chosen vocation a full measure of success. John and Susanna (Engle) Forry, the paternal grandparents of Daniel D., were likewise lifelong residents of York county. His maternal grandpar- ents were Henry and Susannah (Ortstadt) Del- linger, of York township, and the former's father was an emigrant from Germany. The parents of Daniel D. Forry were industrious country folk and rounded out their useful and influential lives in peaceful old age, the father passing away in 1886, at the age of seventy-one years. The mother sur- vived until Sept. i, 1898, to her ninety-sixth year. Children were born to John and Sophia (Del- linger) Forry as follows: (i) Susannah, who mar- ried Samuel Newcomer, and lives in York county; (2) Eliza Ann, who married Joseph Darn, and is now deceased ; (3) Sarah A., who married Rudolph Arnold, and died in 1896 ; (4) Frances A., who mar- ried John Wasser, and is now deceased; (5) Mary A., deceased wife of Elias Hoke; (6) Elleanora, who died young; (7) John, a farmer of York town- ship ; (8) Daniel D. ; (9) William, a farmer and hotel man of York county; and (10) Rudolph, a farmer of York county. GEORGE SELDOMRIDGE (deceased) was for many years a very prominent man in Salisbury township, well known in all that part of Lancaster county. He was born June 20, 1819, in Salisbury township, son of John and Christianna (Smoker) Seldomridge. John Seldomridge, the father, conducted a hotel at Intercourse, Leacock township, for many years, and there died in 1851, aged sixty years ; his widow survived until 1859', dying at the age of seventy years. They were members of the Amish Church, and were interred in Roland's Church cemetery, in Earl township. The children born to them were as follows : John, who died in 1898 ; George, who died Nov. 22, 1898; Maria, deceased, who was the wife of' Abigner Miller ; Elizabeth, deceased, who was the wife of John Knox, of Leacock township ; and Cath- erine, deceased, who married John Jacobs. Until his marriage George Seldomridge followed the occupation of drover principally, and was then engaged in farming in Leacock township until 1873, when he removed to Salisbury township and for fif- teen years operated what is now known as the Hess mill, at the end of that period locating on the farm where his last years were spent. He was a consist- ent member of the Episcopal Church, and was buried in Christ Church cemeterv, in Leacock township. He was a man of reliabilitv and influence, and was often called upon to accept public charges, serving in Lea- cock township as school director and as auditor in Salisbury township. x n/r c ij On Dec 29, 1853, in Lancaster, Mr. Seldom- ridge was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Ann Fenninger, who was born in Paradise township Dec. 20, 1 83 1, daughter of John F. and Sarah (Swi- gart) Fenninger, and children as follows came to ■this union : John F., the proprietor of a hotel at White Horse,"Pa., married Mary E. Worst ; Edward F. is a farmer of Salisbury township ; Sarah C. mar- ried Samuel Wanner, a farmer of Salisbury town- ship ; George M., a farmer of Salisbury township, married Mary Eeeser; Fred G., a farmer on the old home place, married Alta Bair, born May 2, 1876, in Salisbury township, daughter of Eckert and Fianna (Hoover) Bair, who still reside in Salisbury town- ship; Hannah E. married Milton Oberholtzer, a farmer of Salisbury township ; Aldus M., also a resi- dent and half owner of the old home farm with his brother Fred G., married Amanda Miller, born in 1872, in Centerville, Pa., daughter of John I. and Anna M. (Smoker) Miller, the former of whom is an ex-soldier and retired wheelwright of this county. (Mr. and Mrs. Aldus M. Seldomridge have two children. Anna M. and Elsa M.) The Seldomridges are ranked among the old and prominent families of the county, and are especially noted for substantial character and excellence as agriculturists. The two brothers, Fred. G. and Al- dus M., own and operate the home farm, consisting of 146 acres, and are well and favorably known throughout Salisbury township. In politics they are Republicans. Their religious connection is with the Episcopal Church. JOHN H. FUNK, residing two miles east of Washington borough, Lancaster county, comes from one of the oldest of the county's families and .was born on the Funk homestead in Manor town- ship, Nov. 27, 1830, and is a son of John and Mary (Herr) Funk, the former of whom was born on the old place, Dec. 31. 1798, and died July 23, 1887. John was a son of Henry and Annie (Moyer) Funk, both natives of Lancaster .county. Henry was born near Central Manor and was probably one of the first in the county to engage in raising young fruit trees as a nurseryman. His death took place at the age of sixty years and that of his widow at eighty- eight. They had a family of five children, born in the following order: Annie, who married a Mr. Heidlaugh ; John, of whom further mention will be made; Mary, who was married to Christian Kauffman, and with him went to Hamilton county, Ind., where both died ; Martin, who was a farmer of Manor township : and Elizabeth, who married Jacob Kauffman, and went to Cumberland county. Pa., where Jacob died, while she returned and died in Manor township. John Funk, the second born of the above named five children, was reared on his father's nursery and followed the business through life. He mar- ried Mary Herr, daughter of John Herr, better known as "Sawmill" Herr. Mrs. Funk died at the advanced age of eightv-four years, a member of the Old Mennonite Church, as was her husband. They 1452 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY! were the parents of ten children, viz. : EUzabeth, wife of Andrew Shenk, of Millersville ; John H., whose name opens this sketch ; Annie, deceased wife of Adam Manning, of Manor township; Fannie, deceased wife of Rudolph Kauffman ; Barbara, mar- ried to Jacob Souder; Lydia, wife of Jacob Shank, all three of Manor township ; Lena, wife of Michael Yake, of West Hempfield township ; Kittie, wife of David Stauffer, of Manor township; and two chil- dren that died in infancy. John H. Funk was reared on the old homestead, was educated in the public schools, and at twenty- four years of age began working out by the day; he continued at this employment for ten years, and then in 1865 purchased his present forty acre farm in Manor township, all the improvements on which have been made by himself. On Jan. 25, 1855, John H. Funk married Miss Catherine Shertzer, who was born May 8, 1830, in Washington borough, and is a daughter of David and Mary (Dunckle) Shertzer. She is a member of the Church of God, while Mr. Funk is a Menno- nite. He has served his fellow townsmen as super- visor for five years. JOHN S. ZOOK. Among the honored and re- spected citizens of Upper Leacock township, John S. Zook, takes a leading position, as a successful agri- culturist and also as a beloved and highly esteemed minister of the Amish Mennonite faith. The origin of the Zook family was in Switzer- land, and many years ago John Zook came from that land and settled in Berks county, and was the father of David Zook, the grandfather of John S., of this biography. Simon, the son of David, was born in Mifflin county, in 1820, and died in 1886. In his boyhood he came to Lancaster county, and about 1845, ^^ married Barbara King, of East Lam- peter township, who was born in 1824, and to them were born : Christian, a farmer of West Earl town- ship; Joel, a farmer in Upper Leacock township; Katherine, the wife of John Zook, of East Lam- peter township ; Simon K., a farmer near Talmage, in West Earl township ; and John S. John S. Zook was born Jan. 10, 1850, a son of Simon and Barbara (King) Zook, the latter of whom now resides with her son near Talmage. Edu- cated in the common schools of his district, Mr. Zook grew to manhood on the farm, and has engaged in agricultural pursuits all his life. His beginnings were small, but he has been industrious, energetic and provident, and now is the owner of a fine farm of sixty-six acres of good land, improved with ex- cellent buildings of all kinds. Since 1886 he has been one of the faithful ministers of the Amish Menno- nite Church, believing firmly that he has been called to this religious field, and having no financial in- terest in it. The marriage of John S. Zook was on Feb. 24, 1874, to Miss Joanna Beiler, who was born May 14, 1851, a daughter of John L. and Lydia (Hartzler) Beiler, and this union has been blessed with eleven children: Mary, born June 9, 1875; Simon, born June 25, 1876, who died at the age of eighteen ; Ezra, born Jan. 8, 1879; John, born April 10, 1880; Eliza- beth, born Sept. 18, 1882 ; Katherine, born in 1884, died in childhood ; Amos, born April 19, 1885 ; Jos- eph, born June 27, 1887, died in childhood; Kath- erine, born March 13, 1891, died in childhood; An- nie, born April 6, 1893 > ^^'^ Moses, born Nov. 27, 1895. In Mr. Zook Upper Leacock finds one of its best citizens, an honorable, conscientious and up- right man, devoted to his family and living an ex- emplary life, which exerts a wide and beneficial in- fluence. ZACHARIAH R. WITMER, residing a mile and a quarter east of Highville, Manor township, Lancaster county, is a son of John and Susan (Rip- ley) Witmer, was born July i, 1833, and is now a farmer, but in early life was taught the trade of car- penter, at which he still occasionally does some little work. John Witmer, grandfather of Zachariah R., was in his day one of the wealthiest men in Manor town- ship, but was of so liberal disposition and so desirous of assisting his less fortunate neighbors that he ruined himself by going security for them and en- dorsing notes they never paid, so that he was com- pelled as a man of honor to settle these obligations himself, after which act of generosity he sought a home in the West, where he passed the remainder of his days. John Witmer, father of Zachariah R., owned a farm of twenty-seven acres in Manor township, but was a carpenter by trade and while carrying on busi- ness in this line employed a large force of men and realized a comfortable fortune. He was a Repub- lican in politics, served as commissioner of Lancas.- ter county and was likewise very active in local military affairs and was really a leader in all the public transactions of his township and county. To John and Susan Witmer were born eight children, named in the order of birth, as follows: Jacob, who is a foundryman in Columbia; John, a blac'k- smith in Millersville ; Zachariah R. ; Daniel, a farm- er, living in Des Moines, Iowa; Susan, deceased wife of Adam Doerstler; Adeline, deceased wife of Joseph Sawyer, of Iowa ; and Frank, also in Des Moines, Iowa, a merchant and bank president. The father of these children passed away at the age of fifty-four years, but the mother lived to be seventy- two years old. She was a member of the United Brethren Church. Rev. John Ripley, the maternal grandfather of Zachariah R. Witmer, was for years a local preacher in Manor township, and held ser- vices from house to house, as church edifices were not at all numerous; he succeeded in giving strength to and adding to the membership of the United Brethren Society and died one of the most sincerely beloved men of his township. Zachariah R. Witmer assisted on the home farm BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1453 until nineteen years of age and was then appren- ticed to David 111ms to learn the carpenter's trade. After having served out his apprenticeship indent- ures, Zachariah worked as a journeyman until about twenty-seven years old when he entered into trade on his own account. His first contract worthy of men- tion was for building a large grist mill known as the Doerstler mill, which proved to be so substantial and satisfactory that orders came to him from all over the county, and with the aid of a large forpe of work- men he soon realized a competency. On retiring to his present farm of 104 acres, Mr. Witmer turned his attention almost exclusively to its cultivation, but also takes a contract now and then at carpenter work. In 1855 Zachariah R. Wit- mer married Miss Elizabeth Breneman, daughter of Joseph Breneman, and to this union have been born six children, in the following order: Benjamin and John, farmers of Manor township ; Jacob of Millers- ville; Barbara, wife of John Kendig; Ann, married to William Rice, of Millersville ; and Daniel, a farm- er of Manor township. The family are all members of the United Brethren Church ; and in politics Mr. Witmer is a Republican. MARTIN H. GOOD is the son of John B. Good, was born July 7, 1855, in Conestoga township and lived home with his parents until he was twenty-one years old. He then married Miss Martha Shoff and settled first in Martic township, where he resided about ten years, and then removed to the place where he now resides, known as the Shoff and Good farm, 'property comprising 197 acres of land, which has been in the Shoff family about 140 years. The place has the very best of modern buildings and is re- garded as one of the finest farms in Conestoga town- ship. Mr. Good is a Republican and has held the office of assistant assessor. He is a member of the Masonic Charles W. Howell Lodge, No. 496. John B. Good, father of Martin H., was born in 1832 in Conestoga township, and was a carpenter by trade, but also engaged in farming and the mill- ing business. He was a Republican, but never sought or held office. He was a member of the I. O. O. F., of Rawlinsville. In 1854 he married Eliz- , abeth, daughter of Jacob Harnish, of Conestoga township. Thev had children as follows: Martin H. ; Angeline, wife of Martin M. Eshleman ; Jacob H., of East Lampeter township ; Franklin, deceased ; Susan, of Lancaster City ; and William H., of Phil- adelphia. Martin Good, the grandfather of Martm H., was born in 1800 in Conestoga township, and followed the calling of farmer iand also butcher. He married Barbara Bronner, of Manor township. They were the parents of nine children: Jacob B.; Barbara, wife of Samuel Warfel; John B., father of M. H.; William ; Levi ; Catherine, wife of John Regon, both deceased; Jonas; Elizabeth, wife of Michael Krei- der ; and Benjamin. ' , j r Mr. and Mrs. Martin H. Good have had four children, Oliver, Cora E., Martin and Elizabeth, all of whom are at home with their parents. Mr. Good is the junior member of the firm of Shoff & Good and looks after the business of the firm. He is also engaged in the tobacco business, buying, sell- ing and raising it. He like his partner is a wide- awake business man, and well up in all modern methods of handling any enterprise which he may be engaged in. JOHN W. HOLMAN. In disposing of the op- portunities at his command John W. Holman has evinced a judgment and acumen consistent with the most substantial development of his native city of Lancaster, where he was born Sept. 2, 1849. At present an iron manufacturer, he has been equally successful as a builder of many of the finest public and private structures in the city, his accomplish- ments in all directions being the result of triumph over early circumstances, which compelled him to do his own thinking and planning, and work out his own future without money or influence. John Holman, the father of John W., was also born in Lancaster, and until ten years prior to his death was engaged in the manufacture and sale of shoes. Owing to a fall he became incapacitated for further business activity, and died in 1865, at the age of fifty-eight years. He was a member of the Moravian church, and politically identified with the Democratic party. His wife, formerly Martha Brown, who is living in Lancaster, and at the age of eighty-four, retains to a remarkable degree her alert faculties, is the mother of seven children : Charles H. ; Washington, deceased at the age* of eighteen ; John W. ; Josephine, unmarried and living with her mother on East King street ; Alice, also living with her mother; Clara, who died at the age of seven; and Catherine, wife of Rev. N. J. Miller, of the Reformed Church in Lancaster. When but nine years old John W. Holman be- gan his career of self support on a farm, where he lived until fifteen years old. He then began an ap- prenticeship in the Norris Locomotive Works, in Lancaster, and at the end of three years' hard labor, served four more years in the Baldwin Locomotive works in Philadelphia, Pa. While in the Quaker city he partially made up for a necessarily defi- cient education by taking a night course at Pierce's Business College, and upon returning to Lancaster, studied for a year in the preparatory department of Franklin & Marshall College. His first independent business venture was as a manufacturer of black- smith supplies on West Chestnut street, in a small frame house, and, having demonstrated his fitness for this kind of work, bought, at the end o'f three years, the place of Richard Blickenderfer. This was enlarged and re-built, and conducted in a highly satisfactory manner for seven years, the owner then disposing of his interest, and turning his attention to building and contracting. In connection with this latter work Mr. Holman purchased a third in- 1454 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY terest in the Lancaster Planing Mill, which he owned for twelve years, and during that time, or up to 1898, he was one of the foremost builders in the town, putting up some of the most imposing busi- ness blocks, and most artistic and modern residences. The year 1898 witnessed his re-entrance into the iron manufacturing field, and he is now engaged in turning out principally street railway, signal and car brakes. In Lancaster, in 1883, Mr. Holman married Mag- gie Boothe, a native of Richmond, Va., whose father was a furniture manufacturer in Richmond, and met his death as a Confederate soldier, near the close of the Civil war. To Mr. and Mrs. Holman have been born three children; Howard, who died at the age of two and a half years ; John, who is living at home ; and Helen B., who also is living with her parents. Mr. Holman has been promi- nently before the public in many capacities, his sym- pathies and practical help being ever on the side of progressiveness and stability. At the time of its erection, he was one of the directors of the Lan- caster General Hospital. He is a member of Trin- ity Lutheran church, in which he resigned a trustee- ship after a faithful service of twenty-five years. Politically he is independent, and invariably votes for the man he deems best qualified for public trust. Mr. Holman lives in one of the handsome and hos- pitable homes of the city, and has hosts of friends among the business and social circles of Lancaster. ISRAEL PUTNAM BALMER, a carpenter, contractor and builder of Elizabethtown, was born there July 10, 1837. Mr. Balmer is a son of the Hon. Daniel and Harriet (Fisher) Bairaer, who were prominent and much respected people of an early day in this county. John F. Balmer and Israel P. are brothers, and both are worthy representatives of an old and honored family of Lancaster county. Israel P. Balmer was married in Elizabethtown, in August, 1863, to Catherine De Arman, by whom he had the following family: John H., a drug- gist, in Elizabethtown; Mary L., married John M. Kuhn, a baker of Elizabethtown, the mother of one child, Mary C. ; Harriet, deceased. Mrs. Catherine Balmer died in September, 1884, and was buried in Mt. Tunnel Cemetery. She was a daughter of Peter and Mary (Coningham) De Ar- man, and a granddaughter of James De Arman, a native of France, who took part in the Revolutionary War. Mr. Balmer has made Elizabethtown the scene of his life work. When he was twelve years old he began working at the carpenter trade, and this has been hi? occupation ever since. When he was twenty- one years old, he began teaching school during the winter, working at his trade in the summer, and for the ensuing five winters was engaged as winter school teacher. Nine years later he resumed teach- ing, and taught for three years, making nine terms in all. In 1873 he began contracting and building on his own account. From 1865 to 1873 he worked for the Pennsylvania Railroad as a carpenter. In 1863 Mr. Balmer was enlisted in the Union army as a member of Co. I, isth P. V. M., being mustered in under an emergency call, and serving three months as first sergeant of the company. Mr. Balmer is a member of the I. O. O. F., of the Associated Encampment, of the K. P., the O. U. A. M., and of the K. M. C. In his politics he is a Republican, and in his religion a member of the Church of God. Personally he is a man of high char- acter, and is greatly esteemed in the community. STEPHEN J. HART. Lancaster county has sent out into the world many of her native sons, who have achieved fame, fortune or influence in wide fields of human endeavor. Among the lads of Lan- caster county a half century ago, upon whom no favoring fortune had then smiled, or offered pledge or promise of future success, was Stephen J. Hart, now a prominent business man of Upper Sandusky, Ohio. Mr. Hart spent his boyhood days, his youth and the years of his active manhood in Lancaster county, but for more than a score of years he has been a resident of Ohio. Joseph Hart, his father, came to America from Baden, Germany, landing in New York with his wife and two children in 1834. He had served for fourteen years in the German army. On arriving in New York City he started at once for Pennsyl- vania, driving all the way, and conveying by team to a new and unknown home his wife, his children, and all his earthly possessions. Locating in Lan- caster city, he there became a dealer in farm and garden produce of various kinds. He entered into rest in 1877, aged seventy-three years. His wife, who was Anna Catherine Gross, also from Baden, Germany, died in 1873, aged sixty-seven years. Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Hart had eleven chil- dren, two of whom died in infancy. Among those who died later in life were Prof. John Hart, Lan- caster's most noted elocutionist, and a tragedian of more than ordinary ability, who died in 1879, aged forty-two years. Matthias, another son, was killed at Fort Fisher, Jan. 15, 1865, while serving in the Union army; and Paul entered into rest before the mother's death. The surviving children are Ste- phen J., of Upper Sandusky, Ohio; and Barbara, wife of Benjamin K. Dorwart, a machinist of New York. Stephen J. Hart was born at Elizabethtown, Lancaster county, Dec. 18, 1844, but his parents having returned to Lancaster while he was young, he was educated in St. Joseph's parochial school in that city. At the age of fourteen years he left school and went into the hair-dressing business with his brother John, and in 1881 left Lancaster for the West, where he has ever since lived. For years past he has been extensively engaged in the manu- facture of Hart's Tetter Lotion, his manufacturing plant being in Upper Sandusky, Ohio. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1455 Mr. Hart married Miss Lydia Ann Martzall, daughter of the late John Wendell Martzall, owner and proprietor for many years of the "Plow Tavern" of Lancaster, a hotel which came into his possession through Mrs. Martzall's father, Jacob Ackerman, one of Lancaster's oldest and best known residents. Mr. and Mrs. Stephen J. Hart were blessed with six children, as follows: Henry Matthias, who is en- gaged in busmess in the oil fields of Ohio ; John and Stephen J., Jr., barbers of Findlay, Ohio ; Catherine Elizabeth, wife of Benjamin Berry, of Washington, N. C. (Mr. Berry's uncle was a Confederate colonel in Fort Fisher when Matthias Hart was killed, and his (Mr. Berry's) father was a captain in the Con- federate navy) ; Anna Mary, wife of John O'Neal, of Upper Sandusky, Ohio ; and Mary Theresa, at school. Stephen J. Hart is descended from Ludwig Becker, who came to America in 1737, and took up a land grant in Warwick township, Lancaster counT ty, from the Penns, the same year. His remains are buried in Trinity Churchyard, Lancaster. Mr. Hart is a Catholic in religion, and is not a member of any secret orders. He has recently been engaged in Lancaster county tracing the genealogy of his wife's ancestors, with a view to producing the proof of identification necessary to secure their interest in a large and valuable estate in Europe. E. H. HERSfi, the proprietor of the machine shops and a general repairer at Rheems, West Don- egal township, is a man of remarkable mechanical skill, and enjoys a reputation that reaches far be- yond the limits of his little home town. Mr. Hersh was born in Lancaster township, Lancaster county, Sept. 6, 1856, and is a son of Cyrus Hersh, of East Donegal township, and a brother of Benjamin F. Hersh, of the same township. Elam H. Hersh was married in Columbia, Pa., Nov. 15, 1886, to Miss Lizzie G. Longenecker, and to them have come the following children : Walter H.. deceased; Harrison, deceased; Anna C. ; Mary E. ; Lotta M. ; and Rebecca. Mrs. Lizzie G. (Longenecker) Hersh was born in West Donegal township in i860, and is a daugh- ter of Elder John and Anna (Garber) Longenecker, both natives of West Donegal township, where they spent their lives. Her father, who was- an elder of the Mennonite Church, was a lifelong farmer, but lived retired the last few years before his death, which occurred in 1895, at the age of seventy-four years. His widow is living with her son, Elam H., and has now attained the age of eighty years. They had the following children : John, a farmer in Kan- sas; Levi, a farmer in West Donegal township; Christian, a farmer in Mt. Joy township; Anna, married to Levi S. Kraybill, a farmer m West Don- egal township ; Lizzie, the wife of Elam H. Hersh ; Catherine, married to Jacob N. Rutt, a farmer in West Donegal township; Barbara, deceased. Elam H. Hersh remained with his parents as long as his father lived, and then began in business for himself. For six years he conducted a machine shop and a blacksmith establishment at Anchor, Mt. Joy township. In 1899 he removed his business to Rheems, put up his present shop, and entered upon an extended partonage. Four men are in his em- ploy, and he is doing a very satisfactory business. Mr. Hersh is a Republican in his political views, and is one of the solid and substantial citizens of the community. In his early life he was employed twelve years at Brunnerville in the agricultural shops, where he learned his trade, and where his father also worked twelve years. Mr. Hersh is a pleasant and kind-hearted gen- tleman, whose thorough workmanship and honest dealing have caused him to be well and favorably known all over the county. H. H. H..A.RNISH. In the beautiful township of Druniore, Lancaster. Co., Pa., there are many rep- resentatives of agricultural life, and among those who take a leading part in all progressive measures looking toward the advancement of the material welfare of the community, is H. H. Harnish, who was born March 12, 1845, ^^ Manor township, near Millersville, a son of Michael and Annie (Shank) Harnish, of Manor township, but of German origin. Michael Harnish was a thrifty farmer and a member of the New Mennonite Church. His father, grandfather David Harnish, was the father of thir- teen children, namely: Jacob, Martin, Eli, David, John, Henry, Michael and six who died in infancy. Michael had eleven children, six of whom grew to maturity, namely: Henry H. ; Adeline, the wife of Daniel Herr; Melina, deceased wife of Jacob Charles ; John, of Lancaster City ; Frank, of Eden township; Lizzie, the wife of David Stoner, the youngest of the family. Mr. Harnish is a thoroughly self-made man. During his boyhood he was obliged to work hard upon the farm and only attended school three months in all his life, so his education was secured by hard study at home. By earnest effort and unfailing hon- esty he has steadily advanced along the path of for- tune and now is the possessor of one hundred and six acres of rich farming land, on which is a fine residence, a large and substantial barn and all neces- sary outbuildings, his house being built of stone and fully equipped with modern conveniences. Mr. Harnish and his son also own one of the best and most modern nurseries in that part of the county, and they carry a full line of nursery goods. Both gentlemen thoroughly understand every detail of their bitsiness and have been very successful. On Oct. 20, 1869, Mr. Harnish was married to Miss Mary Ann Herr, of Manor township, the daughter of Emanuel and Mary (Mussleman) Herr, and six children have been born of this union: Annie, wife of Enos Herr of Paradise township, who has two children, Anna M. and Enos Earl; Emanuel, born Dec. 25, 1873, who is at home on the 1456 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY farm and is in partnership with his father, being a bright, hard-working young man, a Republican in politics and still unmarried; Naomi, wife of S. C. Groff, of East Drumore township, who has one child Marius H. ; Lillie B., Emma E. and John Henry, all at home and unmarried. Politically Mr. Harnish is a Republican and is stanch in his support of the candidates of his chosen party. While not holding a membership in any re- ligious denomination, Mr. Harnish lives the life of an upright, earnest Christian man, believing that honesty of purpose and deed, the performing of what appears to be the duty of one human being to an- other, is the fundamental principle underlying all religion. During his useful life, he has never had any disputes with his neighbors, nor been drawn into a lawsuit, is a devoted husband and kind father. Being a man who takes a deep interest in township affairs, he naturally is regarded as one of the leaders in local matters, and- is highly respected by all who know him. ELI WARFEL is a grandson of George Warfel, who was born in Conestoga township, Aug. 25, 1783, and spent most of his life there. He married Miss Catherine Marks, Sept. 18, 1808, and to them the following children were born: John, father of Eli ; Catherine, who died in infancy ; Fanny, wife of Michael Ressel, deceased, of Conestoga township; Jacob, of Conestoga township, still living at the age of eighty-seven years ; Elizabeth, who died in child- hood ; Barbara, wife of Chistian Warfel, who is yet living in his ninety-sixth year; Eliza, died in child- hood; Nancy, widow of Jacob Herr; George, of Pequea township; Martin, of Martic township; Benjamin, deceased; and Nicholas, of Illinois. John Warfel, the father of Eli Warfel, was born in Conestoga, near where his son now lives, in the year 1810. Although a weaver by trade, he followed farming most of his life. He was a member of the Old Mennonite Church during his entire life. He married Miss Barbara Leachey, April 21, 1842, the ceremony being performed by the Rev. Mr. Strine. They were the parents of thirteen children : David, who died in childhood ; Mary, wife of Martin Hess, of East Lampeter; Anna, wife of Isaac Funk, of Conestoga township ; Sarah, deceased in childhood ; Eli, subject of this article; Martin, of Lancaster City; Barbara, drowned in the big spring on the farm at two years of age ; an infant daughter, de- ceased ; John L., of Conestoga township ; Leah, wife of Clayton Keller, of Lebanon ; George, of Conestoga township ; Catherine, who died in infartcy ; and Ade- line, widow of Henry Peters, of Conestoga town- ship. Eli Warfel was born Aug. 19, 1850, on the farm near where he now resides, and was educated in tbe common schools of Lancaster county. He remained at home with his parents until he was twenty-one years old. He then married Miss Barbara Kreider, daughter of George Kreider, of Pequea township. and began life for himself. He rented a farm from Reeves & Company, which he occupied for thirteeii years, when he purchased a small place of his own where he lived about three years. He then bought the farm where he now resides. In politics he be- longs to the Republican party, has been school di- rector for six years and was lately re-elected for another term. Both he and his wife are members of the Old Mennonite Church and he is superintendent of the Sunday-school. The couple are the parents of nine children: Elizabeth, wife of Elias Kreider, of East Lampeter township ; George K., who is married and resides in Conestoga township ; Annie, wife of Milton Huber, of Pequea township ; John, at home ; Emma K., now at school at Millersville ; Barbara, at home; Harri- son, who died in childhood; Mary and Walter, at home. Mr. Warfel has devoted his entire attention to farming and has succeeded well in life, owning one of the finest places in the township. He is generous and broad-minded and keeps a close track of cur- rent events. BENJAMIN F. MARTIN, the popular proprie- tor of the Hotel Leacock, at Mechanicsburg, Pa., and the manufacturer of a well-known useful remedy much used by farmers and owners of fine cattle and stock all over the country, is one of the leading business men pi this locality. Mr. Martin was born in Pequea township, Sept. 18, 1856, and he was a son of Benjamin and Barbara (Good) Martin, both of whom were born in the same township, but died in Lancaster township. Benjamin Martin was one of the most prominent men of Pequea township, where he was a successful farmer until 1872. In his younger days he taught school and was the efficient assessor of his township for a long period, was school director and operated the "Willowstreet Hotel." Mr. Martin died in Lan- caster township, whither he removed in 1872, in January, 1891, at the age of eighty-eight years. His wife died in January, 1884, at the age of sixty-six, and both were interred in the Mennonite burying ground, at Millersville, as they were consistent mem- bers of that denomination. The children born to them were: Joseph, who served through the Civil war, returned in safety and then again left home; Lizzie, unmarried, living with our subject; Susan, who married B. F. Bleacher, a dairyman of Lan- caster; Mary, deceased; Benjamin and David, who both died in infancy; Benjamin F., our subject; and Barbara, who married John Lechner, a farmer and dairyman of Lancaster township. The paternal grandparents of Benjamin F. Mar- tin were well-known farming people of Pequea town- ship, David and Susan (Eshleman) Martin, while the_^maternal grandparents were prominent people of Conestoga township, Joseph and Elizabeth (Ken- dig) Good,_ the latter following the trade of miller. Benjamin F. Martin was reared on a farm, but BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1457 was eight years of age when his father took charge of the "Willowstreet Hotel" in Pequea township and there the family remained for six years, moving from there to' Lancaster township. Our subject assisted his father in all his enterprises and helped on the farm and in the conduct of the dairy until 1894, when he went out as a traveling, salesman for the tirm of Kiehl & Keefer, remaining with them for four years. In- 1898 Mr. Martin took charge of the "Leacock Hotel," and about the same time be- gan the manufacture of condition powders, the re- cipe for which has come to him from his great- grandfather. Formerly these excellent powders were only made for use in their own yards, but their effi- ciency has been so well proven that Mr. Martin wise- ly determined to place them upon the' market, and they are now on sale as Martin's O. K. Horse and Cattle Condition Powders. While the formula is simple, it contains just those ingredients suitable for the use intended and Mr. Martin will probably be- come in a way a real benefactor to the owners of large herds. The marriage of Mr. Martin occurred on March 10, 1881, in Lancaster, to Miss Mary McCombs-, and to this union two children were born: Benja- min S. ; and Mamie, whose life closed at the age of seven years. Mrs. Martin was born in Martic town- ship, and she was a daughter of John and Rebecca (Shank) McCombs. The former was a manufac- turer of charcoal for many years in Martic town- ship, where he died in 1885, at the age of fifty-six years. The mother died in 1898, at the age of eigh- ty-two years, and both were interred at Mount ■Wayne. Their children were : Joseph, who is a farmer in Michigan ; Sarah, who resides in Parkes- burg. Pa., the wife of G. T. Bailey; Mary; Susan, who is the widow of Albert Fisher, of Lancaster; Amanda, who is the wife of Hugh Armstrong, a retired farmer living in Lancaster ; Jennie, deceased wife of Marcus Reece, of Martic township ; George, deceased; and Kate, who married Edward Evans, a railroad engineer of Scottdale, Pa. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Martin was Thomas McCombs of Trenton, New Jersey. There is no doubt that Mr. Martin has a fortune in his valuable condition powders, and heis prepar- ing to put them up on a large scale. This may be- come one of the important business enterprises of the community, as they meet a real want and are the very best and most effective yet placed upon the market. Mr. Martin is a progressive and enter- prising man in both public and private affairs. HENRY D. FREY, a leading member of the business world of Lititz, comes of sturdy and hon- orable German stock, his grandfather, Henry Frey, having emigrated from that great country to Amer- ica Henry Frey was the first member of the fam- ily to settle in Lkncaster county. Only one son was born to him, George, who was born m Lancaster county, in 1826. 92 George Frey, the father of Henry D., learned the shoemaking trade when a young man and through life followed that trade in connection with farming. In 185S he passed away, having been a quiet, indus- trious man. His wife was Sarah Ann Dunn, and their only child was Henry D., of this sketch. Henry D. Frey was born in Elizabeth township, this county, Jan. 18, 1854, and was bereft of his fa- ther when he was but four years old. With his mother he remained in the old home, assisting her and going to school, and in 1885 began to learn the manufacture of cigars in Lititz, where he now has built up a fine business. At the time of his father's death, his mother bought the farm, and there he has made many improvements until under his manage- ment it has become one of the finest farms in the lo- cality. Mr. Frey was married to Miss Emma S. Will, who was a daughter of Peter M. and Catherine Will, and the one son of this marriage is Nathan W., his father's capable assistant in the cigar factory. Mr. Frey is one of Lancaster county's most re- spected citizens, is a valued member of the Reformed Church, of White Oak, and enjoys the esteem of the whole community. His business is conducted upon honest principles and receives the encouragement it deserves. N. C. HENNINGER. The successful business career of N. C. Henninger, the principal undertaker and furniture dealer, in New Holland, Pa., offers but another proof of the results to be obtained by the application of energy and perseverance in any direction, for his early manhood found him ham- pered by want of means, his accumulation of a competency resulting entirely from his own efforts. Mr. Henninger came of good, sturdy stock, a combination of Scotch-Irish on the' maternal side, while the paternal was German, his parents being John R. and Maria L. (Hunter) Henninger, the former of whom was for many, years a well-known undertaker in the city of Reading, Pa. His birth occurred in 1821', his death, in 1893, his wife, who was .a year younger, surviving him one year. They reared a family of twelve children: Sarah, who married Granville Hanger, of Reading; William, of Reading; Mary, who married William Swartz, of the same city ; N. C, of this sketch ; Isadore, of Reading; Annie, who married Charles Lewis, of Readingj Clara, who married Galbert Hartman, of Reading; four others who died in childhood. N. C. Henninger was born June 21, 1851, and re- ceived his education in the common schools of Berks county, coming to New Holland in 1878 and work- ing with various undertaking establishments till he acquired a complete knowledge of the details of the business. In 1886 he opened up an establishment of his own, fitting it out in modern style, and his house is the only one in that part of the county which is prepared to conduct satisfactory embalming, his success in this line having caused him to gain the 1458 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY full confidence of the public. In connection with his undertaking, Mr. Henninger has also opened up a complete furniture store, the whole business being managed with the care and attention which has been the main cause of the prosperity which has attended his efforts. Mr. Henninger was married to Miss Sarah C. Orman, of Reading, Pa., and six children have been born to them : James C, of New Holland, Pa. ; Rosa L., who married Raymond Boum, of Lan- caster ; Marion ; Emma, who died in childhood ; and two infants who passed away. t Mr. Henninger is one of the stanch Republi- cans of New Holland and is a justice of the peace in the borough, standing as one of its most esteemed citizens. His religious connection is with the Re- formed Church, where he is highly valued, and in private life he is a type of the excellent neighbor and a pattern of the domestic virtues, while his pleasant personality and high character keep for him both respect and affection. SAMUEL M. RUTT, a representative and leading young business man of Terre Hill, Lan- caster county, was born in Brecknock township, Nov. 17, 1862, and is a son of Jacob and Nancy (Myers) Rutt. The parents both died the same week in 1894, the father being seventy-two, the mother ten years younger. The father was established near Martindale, Earl township, where he followed farming and the butcher business. He was born in Caernarvon township, and the mother in East Earl. Joseph Rutt, the grandfather of Samuel M., died when his son Jacob was a small boy. His wife also passed away soon after his death. Jacob Rutt was reared at Churchtown and while quite a young ijian became a butcher. In this occu- pation he soon rose to prominence, and by his meth- ods and integrity became quite wealthy. For fifty- five years he dealt in meat, doing both a wholesale and retail business, and for years was a familiar figure on the markets at Reading. He owned a farm of a hundred acres and kept it in fine condition. In religion he belonged to the Mennonite Church, and his wife to the Reformed Church. They had a family of ten children : Martha, who is the widow of Levi Weaver, and has her home in Spring Grove, Lancaster county; John J., a butcher in Lancaster; George, who is a farmer, and has his home in Terre Hill ; Mary, married to Aaron Huber of Earl town- ship; Sarnuel M. ; Christian, deceased; David, a butcher at Hinkletown ; Edwin, a farmer of Earl township ; Abraham, deceased ; Annie, the wife of John Weaver, of Reading, Pennsylvania. Samuel M. Rutt was born in Brecknock town- ship but was reared in Earl township, and mastered the butcher's trade under the instruction of his father, and this occupation he has always followed in connection with his farming. A place of thirty- two acres, one mile north of Terre Hill belongs to him, where he has his slaughter house, and all the equipments for his business, which is both whole- sale and retail, and is widely extended through that part of Lancaster county. In 1893 he began busi- ness on his own account, and his success has been in every way creditable. The buildings on his farm are solid and substantial and were erected by his father. Mr. Rutt was married in 1882 to Miss Eliza Rupp, a daughter of Isaac Rupp, of Earl town- ship. They have a family of ten children: . Cora, who married Abraham Kurtz, of Philadelphia ; Ber- tha; Isaac; Jennie; Jacob; Samuel; Lizzie; Vera; Mary; Miles. Mr. Rutt is a Republican, and the family belong to the most respected and generally esteemed citizens of Lancaster county. OLIVER B. BRUBAKER, who resides on his farm two miles southwest of New Holland, Earl township, was born in Manheim township, June 22, 1853, and is a son of Thompson and Anna (Bair) Brubaker. Thompson Brubaker was born in Upper Lea- cock township, and was a son of Samuel and Eliza- beth Brubaker. He died in 1890, when seventy-four years old. In his active years he followed farming and after his marriage located at Binkley's Bridge, where he kept a hotel for several years. In 1855 he removed to Earl township and established himself on the farm where his son, James W., is now to be found. There he lived while erecting buildings on the adjoining farm where his son, Oliver B., now resides. In 1857 he located on the farm where he had erected the new buildings and' made his home there until 1877, when he moved to the farm now occupied by James W. Brubaker, where he died, and where his widow is still living, at the age of seventy-four. In religion he was a member of Rol- and's Reformed Church, of which he was a trustee for many years. Of this church he was a founder and a liberal supporter. In the community he be- came a leading and influential citizen, and owned three farms, amounting to 200 acres of land, not counting several tracts of timber land. Much of this property was acquired through his own efforts. His family consisted of four children : J, Frank, a civil engineer, of Leacock township; Oliver B. ; James W., a farmer of Earl township ; one who died in infancy. Oliver B. Brubaker was reared on the farm and educated in the public schools, also attending th6 State Normal at Millersville. In 1882 he began operations on his own account, locating on the farm where he is still living, a place of fifty acres. His attention is wholly given to farming and he has won an enviable standing as a progressive and pub- lic-spirited citizen. In politics he is a Republican, and at present a member of the school board of Earl township. His home is one of culture and refine- ment, and shows evidence of thrift and prosperity. Mr. Brubaker was married Oct. 19, 1881, to BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1459 Miss Clarissa R. Numbers, a daughter of Hanna Numbers,^of Leacock township. Mr. and Mrs. Bru- baker have two children Hving, Claude T. and Roy W. Ross, a third child, died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Erubaker belong to the United Brethren Church. Mr. Brubaker is interested in several pieces of real estate in Lancaster county; one farm of sixty acres at Binkley's Bridge, in Manheim township, has been in the possession of the Brubaker family since it was deeded from William Penn. JOHN M. RANCK, a resident of Earl town- ship, has a home one mile east of New Hollapd. He was born on the farm where he is now located, and is a son of John and Elizabeth (Weideman) Ranck, both of whom are now deceased. The Rancks be- long to an old and honored family of the county whose history runs back to Valentine Ranck, the first of the name in Lancaster county. The grand- father of John M. Ranck was John Ranck. John M. Ranck was born June 3, 1861, and was reared on the farm where we find him at the present time. His education was secured in the public schools, and when he was twenty-three he began business for himself, taking charge of the family homestead, which contained fifty-five acres. There he has since been engaged in general farming, and is one of the bright and progressive men of the town- ship. In politics he is a stanch Republican. His home and surroundings give evidence of thrift and prosperity. Mr. Ranck was married June 9, 1885, to Miss Elizabeth M. Shaeffer, who was born April 24, 1864, in Earl township, a daughter of Adam and Mary (Frey) Shaefl'er. To their union have come two children : Margie L. is living ; one daughter died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Ranck belong to the United Brethren Church of Rancks, in which he has long been an active worker. From 1879 to 1900 he was one of the official members of that body, and has al- ways been active in Sabbath-school work, being librarian for many years. JAMES RETZER. Among the leading and representative citizens of Little Britain township, is James Retzer, who was born in Cecil county, Md., Aug. 24. 1813, and was a son of John and Ann (Reed) Retzer, who were natives of Bucks county. Pa., but of German origin. John Retzer was a farmer by occupation and was one of the earlv settlers of Lancaster county, where he lived an honest and upright life for a great many years, and reared a highly respected family noted for its adherence to the Presbyterian religion and the Ret)ublican party. The eight children born to John and Ann Retzer were: George, John, Nancy Will- iam, Daniel, Joseph, Jennetta and James, all hav- ing passed out of life with the exception of James Retzer of Little Britain township. James Retzer was reared among farm surround- ings, and was afforded the best education that could be obtained in the country schools of his time. With small means he started out to carve his own way, and in his case, as in that of many others, patient and unremitting industry, thrift and energy have brought their full reward. Mr. Retzer now owns 325 acres of fine farming land in Little Britain town- ship, divided into'two tracts, both of them in a high state of cultivation, and improved with excellent buildings for residence, stock, and shelter for the great and abundant products of his lands. Since i860 Mr. Retzer has been identified with the Republican party, but prior to that time he had been a Jacksonian Democrat, his first vote having been cast for Andrew Jackson. The issues before the country in i860 caused him to vote for Abraham Lincoln and since then he has been a stanch and active supporter of Republican principles. No creed binds Mr. Retzer in religious life ; he makes reliance upon a life of integrity and upright living the founda- tion of his religion, and he has lived the honest life he professes, always extending the helping hand, and winning the esteem of his neighbors by his uni- versal kindness. Mr. Retzer has never married, a niece named Miss Jenkins, being his very capable and estimable housekeeper. Although he is one of the oldest citi- zens of the county and for some time has lived re- tired from activity, he takes an intelligent interest in all matters of public concern, and enjoys affording hospitality. From his long residence here, Mr. Ret- zer is a very interesting and companionable host. W. SCOTT HEISEY, a manufacturer of lime on an extensive scale, and a dealer in coal, grain, flour, feed, salt and general merchandise, and an estimator- of building materials, whose headquarters are at Rheems, Pa., was born in West Donegal town- ship, Lancaster county, June 12, 1862, on the old Heisey homestead, where his home is now estab- lished, a son of Jacob W. Heisey. W. Scott Heisey remained under the parental roof until he reached the age of seventeen years, when he began teaching school at Pleasant Hill, where he had been a pupil, and here he taught until he reached the age of twenty-seven years. He at- tended State Normal School at Millersville, and had schools in East and West Donegal and East Hempfield townships. After his marriage Mr. Heisey and his estimable wife settled on their present farm, the original Heisey homestead, and he engaged in its cultivation in connection with teaching until the spring of 1890, when he be- gan to ship lime, at the same time opening a coal, grain and feed business at Rheems, where he was instrumental in securing the establishment of a post-office, of which he was the first post-master, holding this position at. the present time. In the spring of 1894 Mr. Heisey purchased the old Jacob Rheems farms contain 250 acres, and the output of that family since the days of the Penns, and laid out the village of Rheems, building the first house 1460 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY in the new settlement, in which he opened a grocery store and a post-office in 1895. Later on, Mr. Heisey bought a second Rheems farm, which was underlaid with a high grade of limestone rock. The two Rheems farms contain 250 acres, and the output of the lime works, which he at once established, and which were chartered in 1900 under the name of the "High C Lime & Stone Company," is increasing aind enlarging. Of this company he is president and general manager, and C. I. Heisey is the secretary. Mr. Heisey has built a railroad to one of his stone quarries, and is known as an energetic and push- ing business man, with an unusual capacity for work. He established a private school at Rheems in 1899, and sold to the West Donegal school board one acre of ground on which a new public school house has been erected. He also built the railroad station and ticket, freight and express office and is the agent for the Company at Rheems. In politics he is a Republican, and without question is one of the lead- ing business men of this part of the county. A very extensive business has been developed by him, and it would be difficult to find a better grade of lime than that which he is now putting on the market on a most satisfactory basis. On Nov. 19, 1885, W. Scott Heisey and Miss Susan G. Breneman, daughter of Mrs. Anna M. Breneman, were married at the home of the bride in West Hempfield township, and to them have been born the following children: Arthur B., Bertha M., Henry B., Paul W., Anna C. and S. Grace. WALTER JOHN COX, the manufacturer of the celebrated "Yellow Jack" and "White Satin" candies at No. 34 South Duke street, Lancaster,comes from one of the oldest and best known farnilies of this county. His father, Samuel B. Cox, now living retired at ari advanced age, was for many years at the head of the firm of S. B. Cox & Company, car- riage builders, long and favorably known in the in- terior of the State. S. B. Cox is the only survivor of his family, and among those who have entered into rest are Major B. F., at one time steward of the Lancaster County Almshouse and Hospital; George, a coach maker ; and Thomas, who was a practicing physician in Philadelphia. S. B. Cox was twice married, his wives being sisters, named Deisley, who came from the eastern end of Lancaster county. The children by his first marriage were: Clara E., Maggie, Anna M. and Carrie L., all of whom are unmarried, and are at home ; Thomas B., deceased, who was a practicing physician in Lancaster county; Bertha D., wife of Dr. Richard Douglas McCaslcey, a dentist of Lan- caster; Henry Franklin, a stationary engineer; and Walter John, noted above as a candy manufac- turer. Walter John Cox was born in Lancaster Jan. 26, 1869, and was educated in the public schools and at Weidler's Business College. He then became a clerk in Zahm's second-hand book store, later clerk- ing for W. Parke Cummings, after which he kept books for Thomas A. Anderson, a builder of engines and boilers. Leaving the service of Mr. Anderson, Mr. Cox opened an establishment at No. 34 South. Duke street, for the sale of plumbers' and steam- fitters' supplies. He began the manufacture of "Yellow Jack" and other choice candies on May 14, 1901, and so popular did his products become that they soon found a market not only in Lancaster, but all over the country. The absolute purity of these goods gave them instant popularity, and the manu- facturer of them is at times taxed to the utmost ta supply the demand. Mr. tox married Miss Lillian P. McCaskey, a daughter of Cyrus D. McCaskey, formerly of Lan- caster, but for years past the yard master of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad at Philadelphia. To •this union was born one child, Robert McCaskey,. who is now attending school. Mr. Cox is a mem- ber of Trinity Lutheran Church, is an ardent Re- publican, and an industrious and intelligent busi- ness man. NEWTON JACKSON, foreman of the boiler department of the Pennsylvania Railroad round- houses, in Columbia, Pa., an esteemed citizen and one who risked his life in forty-three engagements during the Civil war, is a native of Pennsylvania, having been born in Strasburg, in this county. His parents, well-known residents of Strasburg town- ship, were David and Catherine (Petro) Jackson. In his early life Mr. Jackson went to school but a short time, as at the age of ten years he went to work in a coopershop, working there during the winters and assisting on the farm in the summer. When the Civil war broke out in 1861 he enlisted for service, joining Co. D, Second P. V. C, fifty-nine in line, under Capt. William Brinton for three years, and remained his full time. If the long series of the engagements of the Army of the Potomac be re- called, one can wonder that a soldier passed through all those dangers without wound or capture, but this was the fortunate case with Mr. Jackson. On Nov. 6, 1864, he returned safely to Lancaster county, and entered the shops of the Pennsylvania Railroad, where he has been a fixture ever since, beginning- at the bottom of the ladder in the boiler room and working up to the responsible position of foreman^ Since 1881 he has held the latter position, which is one that requires skill, cool judgment and much, physical endurance, all of these qualities being pos- sessed by Mr. Jackson, in marked degree. In September, 1865, Mr. Jackson was married to Miss Sally M. Albright, of Columbia, and to this union have been born three children : John W., who- is engaged in railroad work ; William L., who is em- ployed in the Philadelphia Custom House ; and Mary G., who married B. F. Stauffer, of Columbia. The- birth of Mrs. Jackson was in West Hempfield town- ship, Dec. 25, 1843, a daughter of Samuel W. and Catherine (Wisler) Albright, of Lancaster county. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1461 For many years Mr. Albright was known as a most capable and reliable brick and stone mason, and his death occurred in Marietta, at the age of forty- eight, but the mother died m West Hempfield. The chil- dren of Mr. and Mrs. Albright were: John, who was a member of the Pennsylvania Reserves, and •died in Salisbury prison ; Samuel, deceased ; Chris- tiann, who married into the Leonard family of Clear- field ; Mary, deceased ; Elizabeth, who resides with Mrs. Jackson ; Catherine, who married a Mr. Green, and lives in Clinton county, Ellen, who is the widow of a Mr. Green, of West' Hempfield township; and Sally M., the wife of Newton Jackson. Mr. Jackson's political sympathies are with the Democratic party, while socially he is connected with Post No. ii8, G. A. R., where he is highly regarded by his comrades. Few men in this locality saw hard- er service through the Civil war, and he is remem- bered as a brave and gallant soldier. As a (^uiet and industrious workman, he has won the esteem of his employers, and in the community he is thor- oughly respected. • DR. NAPOLEON B. WOLF, prominent alike in the medical and political world, was born in Co- lumbia, Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, December :24, 1823, and died in Cincinnati, Ohio, July 17, 1891. HENRY GOOD, is one of the leading farmers and most extensive land owners of Pequea township, Lancaster county. The forefathers of Mr.- Good Tiave for several generations played a conspicuous part as active, energetic, industrious and successful men among their fellow farmers and the business men of Pequea township, and their descendant has followed worthily in their footsteps. Henry Good was born Sept. 7, 1836, in what is now the township of Pequea. He was a son of Christian and • Catherine (Brenneman) Good, and grandson of John and Jane (Crider) Good. John Good was an active business man, thorough going and pushing. He was engaged in farming, milling, distilling and other pursuits. He reared children who were also men and women of snap and occupied creditable positions in society and busi- ness life. His children were: Christian, referred to more fullv farther on ; Barbara, married George Warfel; Jacob; John; Polly married (first) a Mr. Deitrick, and (second) Benjamin Kauffman, and Daniel, served as commissioner of this county. Christian Good, the father of our subject, was born Jan. i, 1796. He followed farming and in connection with it engaged in other lines of business, becoming very prosperous and successful. He mar- ried Catherine Brenneman and to the union came children as follows: John, who died when aged twenty-eight vears : Marv (deceased), who was the wife of Jacob Good ; Barbara (deceased) who was the wife of Emanuel Harnish ; Elizabeth (deceased), who was the wife of David Hoover; Kittie, who died in infancv, as did also another daughter, un- named; Christian, who was a farmer living in Illi- nois, where he died and where his family still reside ; Henry, our suJDJect, who is referred to more fully farther on; Elias (deceased), who was also a resi- dent of the State of Illinois, where his family yet reside, he having been killed by the kick of a horse; Jacob, who is a resident of Pequea township, and Abraham (deceased), who was a resident of Lan- caster. Christian Good, the father of this family, died when in the sixty-seventh year of his age, and the mother passed away aged sixty-eight years ; the remains of both have been interred in a private graveyard on the old homestead. They gave each of their children a good start in life. Henry Good, our subject, was reared on the farm of his father and forefathers. He early chose agricultural pursuits as a vocation and has con- tinued in that honorable calling through his active lifetime and few indeed are there in his locality who have been more generally blessed and been more prosperous. On Jan. 31, 1861, Mr. Good was mar- ried to Susan, daughter of Rev. Martin Miller, .of Martic township, Lancaster county. To this mar- riage have come two children: Louisa and Henry Martin. Henry Good is a man of good judgment, pro- gressive, broad in his views and generous in his giving to worthy objects. His landed possessions in the county aggregate 435 acres. He has served as supervisor one term, a year, and as school director three years. His political affiliations are with the Republican party. Religiously the family are con- nected with the Old Mennonite Church, the church of their forefathers. HENRY L. HESS, a well-known retired farm- er of Elizabethtown, has found time in the midst of numerous personal duties to take an important part in public afifairs. Mr. Hess was born in Mt. Joy township Feb. 24, 1857. The parents of Henry L. Hess were Martin and Catherine (Lehn) Hess, the former a native of Pequea township, and the latter of Lancaster. Mar- tin Hess passed his last days in retirement at Eliz- abethtown, arid died April i, 1895, aged sixty-five. His remains rest in Greentree cemetery. Both he and his wife were members of the Mennonite Church. Mrs. Catherine (Lehn) Hess was a daugh- ter of Peter and Esther (Shissler) Lehn of Lan- caster township. Their family consisted of four children besides our subject: Isaac, deceased; Mary, deceased, wife of John Nye ; Elizabeth, wife of David Meckley, of Dauphin county ; and Katie, wife of John Nye, a farmer of West Donegal township. Henry L. Hess remained -at home with his par- ents until his marriage, when he located in Eliza- bethtown, where he farmed for two years, and then passed a year in Mt. Joy township. For thirteen years he followed agricultural pursuits in Penn township, after which he spent some six years in Rapho: In all these years of active labor he gave 1462 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY to his work the methodical care that insures suc- cess, and in April, 1901, he was enabled to retire with a most comfortable competence. He now makes his home in Elizabethtown, and is passing his days in the quiet enjoyment of well earned rest. Wher- ever he has made his home, he has played an im- portant part in public affairs. For six years he was a school director in Penn township, and for three years was auditor of Rapho township. He has been a director of the Lawn Fire Insurance Company for the past two years. In politics he is a stanch Re- publican, and well posted on the work of his party all over the country. In religious belief he is a Ger- man Baptist. On Dec. 16, 1877, in Dauphin county, Henry L. Hess^ was united in marriage with Anna K. Brin- zer, and this union has been blessed with three chil- dren : Cora Anna, wife of H. K. Ober, notary pub- lic and school teacher of Mastersonville, Pa. ; Mame B., a successful school teacher; and Laura B., at home, Mrs. Anna K. (Brinzer) Hess was born at Bach- manville, Dauphin county, Feb. 19, 1852, a daughter of Jacob C. and Mary W. (Kelchner) Brinzer. Jacob C. Brinzer was born in Dauphin county, a son of John Brinzer, a manufacturer of grain cradles, who died in 1869, aged ninety-three years. Jacob followed in the footsteps of his father, and en- gaged in the manufacture of grain cradles, until shortly before his death, which occurred in Feb- ruary, 1898, when he was aged eighty-three years. His wife, Mary W. (Kelchner), passed away in 1897, aged seventy-two years, a faithful member of the Brethren in Christ Church. Of the children of this family we have the following record : John, Cyrus, Aaron, Joseph, Samuel and Jacob all died young I.Caroline is the deceased wife of Dr. Calvin Stauffer; Mary, Lizzie and Emma are deceased, Amanda, married Abraham Sherrer, of Bachman- ville ; and Anna K. WILLIAM G. HESS, M. D. Among the promi- nent and leading citizens of Lancaster county, one who in spite of youth has become well known in medical circles, is Dr. William G. Hess, located at Greene, in Drumore township. Dr. Hess is a na- tive of that township, where he was born May 27, 1875, a son of John M. and Martha Hess. The Hess family is an old one in Lancaster coun- ty and was founded here some 150 years ago, by three brothers who came hither from Germany. Grand- father Benjamin Hess was a successful and well known farmer of Lancaster county and was the father of three children : Martha, deceased wife of Amos Mvlin ; Marv, late wife of William Giles ; and John M.' John M. Hess, the son of Benjamin, and the father of Dr. Hess, is a miller by trade, well and favorably known in his locality. He was born March 26, 1832, and about i860 was married to Martha Giles, the six children born to this union being : Hat- tie, who married Edward L. McSparran, of Fulton township; Elizabeth, who married Edward E. Gregg, a farmer of Drumore township ; Laura, who is the widow of Dr. George McComb, and is a teach- er in the public schools of Drumore township ; John M., who is a miller at Goshen, Pa.; Dr. William G. ; and Herbert, who is a miller in business in Dru- more township. William Giles Hess, M. D., was reared in his na- tive township and in early youth assisted in his father's mill. After finishing the common school course, he engaged in teaching school, intent upon gaining a higher education. His efiforts met with deserved success, and the ambitious young man not only became a student at the Millersville State Nor- mal School, but later entered the medical depart- ment of the Universitv of Pennsylvania. In 1894 he had commenced the serious study of medicine, and by close application, he was enabled to graduate with honor in 1898. Returning to his home locality, he began the practice of his profession in the sum- mer of 1898, and has in this short time built up a large and growing clientage, his ability being recog- nized both by his patrons and the other members of his profession. Dr. Hess was married Nov. 15, 1900, to Miss Margaret Rutter, of Drumore township, who is a daughter of A. M. and Margaret (Brenneman) Rut- ter, old residents of Drumore township. Fraternally Dr. Hess is prominent in various organizations, be- ing a valued member of both county and State med- ical societies ; of the I. O. O. F., No. 50, of Greene, Pa. ; and the K. of P., No. 423, of Rawlinsville. Although Dr. Hess has had his own way to make, his own career to carve out, he has accom- plished much and has" fair promise for the future. Endowed with energy and natural ability, with edu- cation and a love for the profession, he has also those attributes which go far to the making of a successful physician, a pleasing personality, excel- lent judgment and an inflexible will. Dr. Hess has never ceased to be a student and keeps himself post- ed on all the advances rnade in his chosen profession. Both he and his wife are consistent members of the Chestnut Level Presbyterian Church, and are lead- ers in social life. HIRAM G. WARFEL was born Oct. 10, 1862, in Pequea township, Lancaster Co., Pa. Adam War- fel, his great-grandfather, was a farmer near Cole- manville, Conestoga township, and died there. He was the father of John Warfel, who was also born near Colemanville. John Warfel was educated in the schools of the county but was intellectually much in advance of the average scholars of those times. He taught school for some time after finishing school, but fol- lowed farming most of his life. He was president of the Safe Harbor and Lancaster Turnpike Com- pany for some time ; was school director, also auditor of the township, and in 1842 was elected a member BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1463 of the Legislature on the Republican ticket, with which party he was always identified. He served one term in the Legislature with honor to himself and profit to his constituents. He was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. John Warfel married Elizabeth, daughter of Jacob Fry, of Manor township. They were the par- ents of eight children: Fanny, deceased wife of John Harnish ; Elizabeth, unmarried ; Mary A., de- ceased wife of Christian Good; Amos; Jacob F., deceased ; John M., of Conestoga township ; David, of Manor township; Hiram, of Conestoga town- ship. Amos Warfel, the father of Hiram G., was born in Conestoga township, June i8, 1831, and was edu- cated in the public schools of the county. He fol- lowed farming vmtil he was about fifty-six years of age, when he retired from the active affairs of life. He is a member of the Old Mennonite Church. Mr. Warfel has always affiliated with the Republican party and held the offices of scliool director and au- ditor of the township for some time. He is a di- rector of the Mutual B'ire Insurance Company, of Manor township. He married Leah, daughter of John Good, of Conestoga township. Mr. and Mrs. Warfel had three children: Mary, wife of Frank Warfel, of Conestoga township; Delilah, wife of John Hebel, of Conestoga township ; and Hiram G. When Hiram G. Warfel was but five months old his parents moved to the place where he has since lived. Since his father's retirement from business fourteen years ago, he has had entire charge of the farm. He has a stall. No. 170, in Central Market, Lancaster City, where every Wednesday he takes the products of the farm and disposes of them. He was educated in the public schools of the neighbor- hood. Like his father he is a stanch Republican, but has never sought office. He was married April 29, 1886, to Annie M., daughter of John Sensenig, of Martic township. The couple have had five chil- dren, Mary S., Leah M., Anna S., Cora E. and Edna A., all at home. Both husband and wife are mem- bers of the Old Mennonite Church. Mr. Warfel has been very industrious and more than usually successful in his undertakings and_ has the best wishes and respect of all who know him. DAVID H. MELLINGER, a well-known farm- er of Manor township, Lancaster county, was born Oct. 8. 1832, a son of Christian and Susan (Hertz- ler) Mellinger. The old homestead on which his birth took place and on which he still resides was that of his paternal grandfather, and lies three miles southeast of Columbia, in Manor township. In this township his education was acquired in the public schools and his knowledge of agriculture was gained on his present farm. Prior to his marriage David H. Mellinger was employed in various occupations, such as clerking in stores, hotel-keeping, and in railroading in the West. His marriage took place in 1857 to Miss Lucinda Erb, daughter of Isaac Erb, of Pennville, and to this union was born one child, William C, who was called away at the age of eighteen years. When twenty-seven years old David H. Mel- linger began general farming on his own account on the paternal homestead, still occupied by him, and successfully followed it until his retirement from active labor in the spring of 1900. Mr. and Mrs. Mellinger are conscientious members of the M. E. Church of Columbia, and the family is one of tlie oldest and most respected in Manor town- ship. J. Y. KLINE, M. D., a popular physician, makes his home at Clay, in Clay township, Lancaster coun- ty, Pennsylvania. JOHN E. JOHNSON, a popular and trusted conductor on the Pennsylvania Company's lines, who was born in Paradise township. May 20, 1857, is a son of George W. and Catherine Johnson, \vho were, respectively, born in Strasburg and Little Washington, the former on Feb. 22, 1834, and the latter in February, 1836. They are residents of Co- lumbia, having taken up their residence here in 1868, and both are active and consistent members of the M. E. Church. John E. Johnson was reared upon a farm, but at the age of fourteen years first began battling with the world as an employe in a Columbia coalyard. His natural bent, however, was toward railroad ser- vice, and on March 17, 1879, he secured a position as brakeman with the Pennsylvania Railroad Com- pany. His vigorous health, temperate habits, tire- less energy and unwavering fidelity earned for him recognition and promotion, first to the place of flagman and then to the post of conductor. He is a member of the Brotherhood of Railway Train- men. In political faith he is a Democrat. His paternal grandparents were John and Kate Johnson, of Lancaster county, his grandfather be- ing first a quarrynian and later a manufacturer of brick. Mr. Johnson married at Columbia, July 28, 1881, Miss Harriet Pickton, daughter of John and Charlotte Pickton, of Wales. Her father was an iron manufacturer and died in Wales in 1865. Mrs. Johnson was born in that country Feb. 20, 1862. Her marriage has been blessed by the birth of three children : . Charlotte, George and Carrie. DAVID Z. WTTMER, the present Deputy Ser- geant-at-Arms of the Pennsylvania House of Rep- resentatives, resides in Elizabethtown, and was born on a farm in the township of Mt. Joy, Lancaster county, Nov. 27, 1864. John B. Witmer, the father of David Z., a re- tired farmer living in Elizabethtown, was born in the township of Mt. Joy, Aug. 24, 1822, being a son •of Abraham and Elizabeth (Brubaker) Witmer, natives, respectively, of Mt. Joy and. Rapho town- 1464 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ships. Both the grandparents of Mr. Witmer died on the old Witmer farm. EHzabeth Brubaker be- longed to the German Baptist Church, and was born in 1785. She died in 1869, and with her husband was buried at the Chickies Hill Meeting House cem- etery. Abraham Witmer was born in 1780, and died in 1861. Their children were: (i) Fanny B., the wife of Michael Martin; (2) Elizabeth, the wife of Henry Shilley; (3) David B. ; (4) Abraham B. ; (5) John B.; (6) Daniel B. ; (7) Henry B. All married and had families. John B. is the only one living. The paternal great-grandfather of David Z. Wit- mer was Abraham Witmer, who married Miss Hoover. They came to this country from Switzer- land and settled in Mt. Joy township, on a farm which has remained in the possession of their de- scendants to the present time. John B. Witmer was twice married, the first time in 1843 to Sarah Zug, by whom he became the father of the following family: (i) Elizabeth X., the widow of Isaac Gish, of Manheim; (2) Abra- ham Z., engaged in farming the old homestead in Mt. Joy township; (3) Fanny Z., the wife of Isaac Gibble, a farmer in Mt. Joy township ; (4) Benjamin Z., a farmer in Mt., Joy; (5) Rev. Samuel Z., a farmer in Mt. Joy township, and a minister of the German Baptist Church; (6) David Z. Mrs. Witmer, the mother of the foregoing chil- dren, died in Rapho township, Oct. 3, 1890, at the age of sixty-iive years, and was buried in Chickies Hill Cemetery. Benjamin and Barbara Zug, her parents, were both natives of Lancaster county. John B. Witmer married for his second wife, Mrs. Lovina (Heisey) Reed, who was born in Mt. Joy township, and at the time of her death, Dec. 28, 1900, lacked only six days of being seventy-four years old. She was a daughter of Jacob and Eliza- beth (Sheplar) Heisey, both natives of Lancaster county. John B. Witmer remained on his farm until 1880, when he gave up active work and removed to Eliza- bethtown to spend his last years. He is a member of the Old German Baptist Church, with which he has been connected for more than fifty years, and is highly esteemed in the community. David Z. Witmer was married May 17, 1887, at the home of his bride near Maytown, Pa., to Fanny E. Garber. Born to this union were the fol- lowing children : John G., who died at the age of seven years ; Chester Z., Ava R., Florence E., D. Paul, Eernice R. Mrs. Fanny (Garber") Witmer was born in East Donegal township, and is a daughter of John A. and Elizabeth (Herr) Garber. Her father, Mr. Garber, is a farmer and a prominent citizen of East Donegal township, and a director in the First Na- tional Bank at Marietta. Mr. Witmer was reared to an agricultural life until he reached the age of sixteen, when he came to Elizabethtown. He served two years at the car- penter trade with Jacob Lenhard, of Maytown, prior to his coming to Elizabethtown, where he worked at his trade two years, and in April, 1885, went to Abilene, Kansas, where he worked ten months at carpentering and two months as a bookkeeper. At the expiration of the year he came back to Eliza- bethtown, where after clerking for a year he be- came associated with Philip Singer in the lumber business, in which he continued for eight years. He then purchased Mr. Singer's interest, continued alone for a year, then renting the plant for a num- ber of years, first to Singer & Sides, and then to Sin- ger & Brandt. Mr. Witmer was employed by the extensive firm of Keller & Grossman, as paymaster, time-keeper, and assistant manager. He is still engaged with them and is regarded as one of the most capable men in his line in this part of the State. Mr. Witmer was elected as a councilman in 1888, and for twelve years has filled that position. He is a prominent Republican, and takes a lead- ing position among the well-known members of his party in the State. In 1888 he attended as a delegate the State Convention of the party at Phila- delphia. He served in the same capacity in 1889, at Scranton, in 1890 at ' Williamsport, in 1891 at Reading, in 1892 at Erie, and in 1893 at York. In 1889 he attended as a delegate the National Conven- tion held at Louisville, he was a delegate the fol- lowing year at Denver, and at Milwaukee, Buffalo, and Cleveland in successive years. In 1893 he served on the State Committee. In the spring of 1901 he was appointed Deputy Sergeant-at-Arms in the senate at Harrisburg. Mr. Witmer is a Mason, and possesses a host of friends throughout the State. M. H. PHALM, the genial, accommodating and hospitable proprietor of the "Fairland Hotel," be- longs to a family which is well known in Lancaster county. Jacob Phalm, the father of M. H., was born in Lancaster county, in 1843. In early life he was employed at various kinds of business but later adopted farming as his occupation, continuing until 1878, when he removed to Manheim, and there oper- ated a dairy for some ten years. For some years after selling this business he was not occupied in any particular way, but later started a wholesale liquor business in Manheim, and still is one of the leading business men of that thriving place. Mr." Phalm is a member of the Golden Eagles at Manheim. Jacob Phalm was married to Miss Catherine Koch, and they became the parents of four children : Matilda, who died at the age of twenty-one years ; Jacob, who conducts a hotel business at Junction, Pa. ; M. H., of this .sketch ; and Katie, the wife of J. B. Nisley, of Manheim, Pennsylvania. M. H. Phalm was born in Lancaster county, July 28, 1865. and was educa'ted in the common schools of this county. At the age of fifteen years he made a trip to Springfield, Ohio, where he remained for two years, and upon his return to Manheim he started BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1465 into the bakery business, conducting a first-class €stablishment for the sale of bakery goods. Mov- ing a year later to Lancaster City, he drove a team for Charles Sech, who was a bottler in that place, but later came back to Manheim and worked for some time both at the barber business and at cigar- making. Mr. Phalm's first experience in conducting a hotel was when he leased the "Rome Hotel" in Lititz, for a period of five years, and after successfully managing the business there, came to Fairland and moved into the hotel, which he purchased in April, 1901. Since locating there, it has become under Mr. Phalm's management one of the leading hotels of the county, in point of comfort and general conven- ience, and is first-class in every respect. As a host, he understands how to cater to his guests, and his house has a large and increasing patronage. Mr. Phalm was united in marriage to Miss Min- nie Obetz, and the children of this union were : Rob- ert J., Elva M., Aurora, all at home ; and Roy, who died at the age of nine months. In social circles Mr. Phalm is highly valued in a number of the prom- inent orders, belonging to Jr. O. U. A. M., No. 32, of Manheim, in which he has passed all the chairs ; to the O. U. A. M., No. 154, Manheim Coun- cil, having passed all the chairs, and also to the A. O. K. of M. C. No. 19, of Lititz. Mr. Phalm has shown energy, industry and ability in the manage- ment of his various lines of business and is justly considered one of the wide-awake, progressive and public-spirited men of the locality. HARRY E. MUSSER. The farm has contrib- uted many of its energetic young representatives to the business world, where they have won a large measure of success and lived lives of eminent useful- ness, tiarry E. Musser, the sole dealer in farm im- plements at Kinzers, Lancaster county, has graduat- ed from agricultural life, and though he still super- ■ vises the cultivation of his own acres devotes his energies mainly to the pursuit of an extensive busi- ness which has been developed through his own efforts. Mr. Musser was born Dec. 14, 1840, on a farm located about a mile south of Kinzers, son of Jacob and Margaret (Eby) Musser, and grandson of Henry Musser, who was a well-known farmer of Earl townshijx Jacob Musser, the father, was born and reared in Earl township. He adopted the vo- cation of farming, which he followed until death overtook him, when comparatively young in years, for he died at the age of thirty-nine, leaving a widow and two sons: Harry E. and John, the latter a farmer, residing one and one-half miles north of Witmer. Mrs. Margaret Musser is still living at the age of over seventy years, in Augusta county, Va. 'Jacob Musser was a member of the Mennonite Church, to which faith his family also adheres. Harry E. Musser was reared on the farm, re- ceiving his education in the public schools. At the age of twenty-one he began life on his own account as a farmer. He purchased a property of eighty acres in Paradise township, south of Kinzers, and there continued farming for sixteen years. In the spring of 1886, in partnership with John Horning, he established a hardware and implement business at Kinzers under tlie firm name of Musser & Horn- ing, which was continued successfully for eleven years. Mr. Musser then withdrew from the firm, but a year later he purchased the implement branch of the old business and has ever since conducted the same very successfully. He. is the only implement dealer in Kinzers, and has a large and well selected stock of goods. He handles the manufactures of the McCormick Harvesting Company, the Superior drills, the cultivators of the Bateman Manufacturing Co., the Oliver plows, a line of fertilizers, etc. Mr. Musser in 1883 introduced into his neighborhood the Perry harrow, through G. B. Olin & Co., and he has ever since handled those goods. He has built up a large and lucrative trade, and is one of the progressive and influential business men of Lan- caster county. He has erected a commodious resi- dence in Kinzers, and built his warehouse and sales- rooms, and in addition to his business he has the operation of his farm directly under his supervision. Mr. Musser married, in December, 1869, Miss Mary Denlinger, daughter of John and Mary Den- linger, of Leaman Place. To Mr. and Mrs. Musser were born eight children, as follows : Susie, wife of Henry Gotschalk, of Christiana; Jacob, who is with Rcilly & Raub, hardware dealers of Lancaster ; Annie, Lillie and Alice, at home; and John, Henry and Alary Magdaline, who are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Musser are members of the Mennonite Church, and socially the family are held in the highest re- gard. Wide-awake to the changes that are taking place in the manufacturing and commercial circles, possessing business ability and judgment that com- mand recognition and respect, having at heart the progress and prosperity of the community in which he lives, Mr. Musser ranks easily as one of the lead- ing citizens in that part of 'Lancaster county. . DAA^D B. ROHRER, one of the prosperous farmers of Upper Leacock township, was born on the old homestead there, Sept. 5, 1850, a son of Isaac and Martha (Binkley) Rohrer, natives of Upper Lea- cock and Manheim townships, respectively. Isaac Rohrer was a farmer of Upper Leacock, where he resided and followed his calling until about twenty years prior to his death, when he retired and enjoyed the comforts his industry had earned for him. His death occurred in 1894, when he had attained the age of eighty-five. His wife died in 1875, aged sixty- four, and both are buried on a. portion of the old homestead. They were earnest members of the Mennonite Church. The children born to this union were : Barbara, who died at ,the age of eighteen ; Hettie, deceased, married to David N. Landis ; Gabriel, a farmer of Wayne county. 1466 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Ohio ; Maria, who married Milton Groff, a farmer of Upper Leacock township ; David B. ; Amanda, who died when young ; Lemuel, a farmer of Texas ; Em- ma, of Lancaster, Pa., married to Christ P. Landis, a carpenter. David B. Rohrer remained with his parents un- til his marriage, when he purchased his present fine farm and has since resided upon it, improving it in every way and showing himself one of the enter- prising and progressive agriculturists of his com- munity. His residence is a very pleasant one; his barn is substantial and the entire place shows that he is a good manager as well as excellent farmer. On Nov. 14, 1872, Mr. Rohrer was married in Lancaster, Pa., to Barbara L. Leamon, and to this union have been born : Isaac, who died at the age of seven ; Lizzie, who married Henry H. Nult, of Earl township, and has three children, Esther M., Elsa and Virgie; and Barbara. Mrs. Rohrer was born in Manheim township, in December, 185 1, and is a daughter of David and Elizabeth (Landis) Leamon. Mr. and Mrs. Rohrer are members of the Men- nonite Church. Mr. Rohrer is a very earnest and active Republican. Their home is a pleasant one, and Mr. Rohrer is a man who takes his greatest pleasure in his family circle ; and through his own industry, he has been enabled to see his children and grandchildren grow up about him and become them- selves happy and prosperous. GEORGE UBIL REAM, a retired saddler of New Holland. Pa., was born in that borough July 24, 1845, Slid is a son of Peter and Esther (Ubil) Ream. His father was born in Lancaster county and his mother in Chester cotinty. Peter Ream was a cooper and tinsmith in New Holland, where he died in 1897, at the age of sev- enty-six. His wife passed to her rest in 1887, at the age of sixty-two. Both were buried in Reading, Pa., whither Mr. Ream had gone in 1861 for the purpose of engaging in the business of coopering and tinsmithing. The father was a member of the Universalist Church and" the mother belonged to the Episcopal Church. In New Holland Mr. Ream served as postmaster vmder the administration of President Buchanan. Born to this worthy couple were the following children: Llewellyn, a tinsmith in Reading ; George U. ; Theodore, in the hotel busi- ness in Philadelphia ; Davis B., in a printing office, at Altoona, Pa.; Charles E., a cooper in Reading; Alonzo, an attorney-at-law, at Portland, Oregon. The paternal grandfather of George U. Ream was Peter Ream, a tinsmith in New Holland. Mr. Ream was married in February, 1869, in New Holland, to Margaret A. Diller, by whom he had one child, Vogan, who died young. Mrs. Ream was born in New Holland, Aug. 4, 1843, ^nd is a daughter of Luther and Mary A. (Shirk) Diller. They lived in New Holland, where her father died in 1855, at the age of fifty-six years ; his widow survived until 1S85, when she entered into rest, at the age of sixty-two years. They were buried in the cemetery at New Holland. Mr. and Mrs. Diller had the following family: Margaret A.; Williarn; Henry ; Enos ; Abigail ; Vogan, who married Fannie Diffendefjfer. Of these children all are dead but Margaret A. Mrs. Ream's paternal grandparents were William and Margaret (Vogan) Diller. George Ubil Ream remained at home until he was fourteen years of age. At that time he left home to care for himself and was engaged in farm labor for two years, when he returned to New Holland; there, in 1864, he found employment in a harness shop, where he was engaged until 1869. That year he began business for himself, and in 1880 he retired. His political affiliations are with the Democratic party. George L^. Ream entered the Union army in October, 1864, being enrolled in Co. F, 203d P. V. I., Captain Cook being his company commander. His first active service was found in front of Petersburg, where he was prostrated and sent to the field hos- pital. After being cared for there several days, he was discharged on account of disability. After he had regained his health he went to Orrville, Ohio, where he was engaged for eleven years. At- the end of that time he came back to New Holland, where he is living at the present time and is highly es- teemed by a wide circle of friends, as well as by the general public. His manly character is recognized, and his many admirable qualities have made him respected and esteemed. FRANKLIN HOMSHER is a retired merchant residing in Christiana borough, Sadsbury township, Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. SAMUEL P. PAXSON, a farmer of Fulton township, is a well and favorably known citizen of Lancaster county. He was born Feb. 10, 1857, and is the son of James S. and Mary L. (Moore) Paxson, of Little Britain town.ship. The family is of Eng- • lish origin; three brothers emigrated from the old country and settled near Philadelphia in the time of William Penn. The names of these brothers were William, Oliver and Reuben, and from them sprung the honorable Paxson family of Pennsylvania. James S. Paxson, father of our subject, was a na- tive of Philadelphia, a grandson of William Pax- son, and a son of Jacob Paxson, who left Philadel- phia and while yet a young man settled in Drumore township, where he reared a family of six children, viz. : William, Elizabeth, Rachel, James S., Franklin and Johnson, all of whom are dead with the excep- tion of Rachel, who still lives in Fulton township. James S. Paxson, the father of Samuel P., was born in Drumore township in 1817 and died in 1876. He was married to Miss Mary L. Moore, of Britain township, in 1846. She was a daughter of Samuel and Elizabeth (Jackson) Moore, of English and Scotch descent. Six children were born to this couple : Emma K. is the wife of Peter Gilmer of BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1467 Sullivan county, Pa. ; Elizabeth S. is a resident of Fulton township ; Alice is the wife of John Fulton, of Fulton township : William A. is deceased ; Samuel P. is the subject of this sketch; and James M., of Britain township, lives on the old homestead. Samuel P. Paxson was married to Miss Lizzie P. Smedley, of Fulton township, Nov. ii, 1886. Mrs. Paxson is the daughter of James and Adeline B. (Ambler) Smedley, of Lancaster county, and was born May 5, 1858. To Mr. and Mrs. Paxson have been born the following children: James Arthur, born Sept. 4, 1887; William L., born Jan. 31, 1889; and Adeline S., born Jan. 24, 1893. Mr. Paxson owns a well improved farm of nine- ty-eight acres, in the finest state of cultivation. He is a Republican in politics but is not a seeker for office. He and his wife are members of the Society of Friends. Mr. Paxson is a leading man in his community, and at present is a director of the school board. He is well thought of by all and in every respect is a valued and valuable citizen. JOHN OLMSTED, a thrifty and successful farmer of Colerain township, Lancaster county, was born in Little Britain township, Oct. 17, 1865, and is a son of James and Hannah (Moore) Olmsted. James Olmsted was born at East Head, Conn., May 24, 18 18, his wife Hannah being born in Sads- bury, Chester county, Nov. 29, 1831, a daughter of Elias and Elizabeth Moore. Mrs. Olmsted was reared to womanhood in Chester county, where she was given a fair education. Mr. Moore left a large family, all of whom with two exceptions, are dead. Sandreth Moore, a merchant of Coatesville, is the only hrother living, and has seven children. El- vira M. Moore married Mahlon Mercer, and lives near Lincoln, Chester county. James Olmsted left Connecticut when a young man on account of his health, which had begun to concern him, and for some time he travelled in dif- ferent parts of the State in search of health. In 1861 he married and located at Oak Shade, where he did an extensive general mercantile business up to the time of his death, in April, 1876. He left a widow, a son and a daughter. Mr. Olmsted was widely known in Chester and Lancaster counties as an upright and enterprising business man, whose genial disposition and accommodating spirit won him many friends. In 1861 he was appointed post- master bv Abraham Lincoln, and this position he held until his death in 1876. He took a deep interest in the Baptist Church, and was an active worker in it. His widow continued his business until her marriage to John Holcomb, in 1879. They made their home on the old Webb homestead, owned by Mr Holcomb, where thev lived until her death, in October, 1899. Mr. Olmsted's children were John, whose name appears at the opening of this_ article, and Sarah E., who was born in Little Britam, m March, 1869. Her home is with her brother. John Olmsted was reared in Little Britam and Colerain townships, attended the district schools, and lived with his mother on the Holcomb home- stead, of which he became manager before the death of his step-father, a work he continued for some time after that event. When his mother died, he bought out the other heirs, and purchased the place. In March, 1893, he was married to Sadie C, a daugh- ter of Adam and Emma (Retz) Overly, who was born in August, 1868, in Bart township. Her par- ents moved to Colerain, where they lived some ten years, but they are now living in Little Britain. Mr. and Mrs. Overly are the parents of four children: Howard, of Little Britain ; Clara, the wife of John Scott, of Eden township ; Adam, at home with his parents, and Sadie C, Mrs. Olmsted. Mrs. Olm- sted was educated in the public schools, and is a lady of character and ability. Mr. and Mrs. Olmsted have one daughter, Mabel R., born in December, 1893. In politics he is a Re- publican, and both are members of the Baptist Church in Colerain township, where he has held the office of deacon for a number of years. ELI K. MYLIN, who carries on a large farm in Pequea township, comes of a family which has long been identified with agricultural interests in Lan- caster county. Jacob Mylin, grandfather of Eli K. Mylin, was born in West Lampeter township, where he lived and died. He was engaged exclusively in farming, and was very successful. He owned three farms one of which, the one on which the grandfather was born and lived all his life, is now the property of the subject of this sketch. Jacob Mylin was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. He wedded a Miss Haines, of Lancaster county and they were the par- ents of three children. Their only daughter died when fifteen years of age; the other children were John, the father of our subject ; and Jacob, who lived and died in the old homestead. John Mylin was born in West Lampeter town- ship, Dec. 25, 1804, and lived at home until he was about twenty-four years of age. He then married Miss Elizabeth Kendig, daughter of Christian Ken- dig of Conestoga township, and began farming for himself on the place where his son, Eli K. Mylin, now resides. The father conducted this farm until his death which occurred April 28, 1857. Mr. and Mrs. John Mylin were the parents of nine children : Amos, who died March 4, 1871 ; Isaac, who died in childhood; Eli K., our subject; Eliza, who died in infancy; Martin, of Gordonville, Lancaster county; Aaron, John, Aaron J., and Jacob, all of whom died in infancy or childhood. Eli K. Mylin was born May 2, 1833, on the farm where he now resides. He was educated in the common schools of the county, and farmed with his father until the father's death. He then purchased the farm and has continued farming ever since, meeting with great success. His place comprises 223 acres, located in the southern part of Pequea 1468 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY township, and is regarded as one of the most produc- tive tracts in this region. Mr. Mylin has won pros- perity by years of unremitting industry and energy and he is justly respected for the honorable posi- tion he holds among the fellow-citizens in Pequea township. In February, i860, Mr. Mylin marriecj Miss Martha Charles, daughter of Samuel Charles of Pequea township. They have had twelve children, namely : Elizabeth, who is the wife of Isaiah Stet- raan; John, who resides in Providence township, Lancaster county ; Frarices, who is the wife of Harry Keen; Benjamin, who is employed on the Pennsyl- vania Railroad ; Charles, who died when twenty- four years of age; Jacob, who lives in Winnipeg, Manitoba; Eli, Jr., who is at home; Bertha, the wife of Charles Kendig; Walter and Cecilia, who are at home ; and Harry and Christian, both of whom died in infancy. In religion Mr. Mylin is a member of the Mennonite Church. ISA.A.C F. ROHRER, a self-made and prosper- ous farmer, residing two miles southeast of Wash- ington borough. Manor township, Lancaster county, "v/as born on the Isaac Forry farm, about seven miles from Lancaster City, April 3, 1863, and is a son of Christian H. Rohrer, of Manor township. Isaac F. Rohrer remained on the home farm with bis. parents until about twenty-five years old, receiv- ing his education in the public schools, and in 1888 began farming on his own account in West Hemp- field township, on a tract of land belonging to his father-in-law, William W^alker; he remained three years on the place, and then removed to a farm in the west part of Manor township, near Washington borough, where another term of three years was passed and then a removal was made to the present farm, two miles southeast of the borough, the prop- erty of Christian H. Rohrer. Isaac F. Rohrer married, Nov. 10, 1887, Miss Mattie F. Walker, daughter of William and Martha (Friday) Walker, of West Hemp field township. This marriage has been blessed with two children, Laura May and Katie W., and the Rohrer home is one of the most pleasant in Lancaster county. Isaac F. Rohrer devotes his entire attention to general farming, a branch of agriculture he thoroughly un- derstands, realizes a comfortable income, and has lived so as to win the respect of his neighbors with- out exception. JACOB K. SHENCK, a prosperous and well- known farmer of West Donegal township, was born June 24, 1849, i" the toAvnship where he has passed his upright and honorable career, son of John H. Shenck, of West Donegal township, mentioned else- where. Jacob K. Shenck was married in November, 1872, in Mt. Joy, Pa., to Mary H. Ebersole, a member of an old and prominent Lancaster county family, frequent mention of whom is found in these p'ages. Mr. Shenck remained at home with his parents until the time of his marriage, when he established him- self on a West Donegal farm, where he remained until 1 89 1. That year he came to his present loca- tion, where he has worked industriously to the end that he is known as a most successful farmer, and as thoroughly honest and square-dealing by all with whom he has business. Both himself and wife are members of the Mennonite Church. Mrs. Mary H. (Ebersole) Shenck was born in West Donegal township Dec. 25, 1849, daughter of Joseph and Mary (Hilcher) Ebersole, both natives of West Donegal, where they spent their lives in farming. Her father died in 1871, at the age of sixty-seven years; and her mother in 1885, at the age of seventy-eight, both being laid to rest in pri- vate burying-grounds in West Donegal township. They Were devout members of the Mennonite Church. Their family consisted of the following children: Levi H., unmarried, a retired farmer in West Donegal township ; Mary H., whose name ap- pears above; Susan H., wife of Adam Stump, a farmer of West Donegal township ; and Joseph H., a farmer in West Donegal township, who married Anna Heisey. Mr. and Mrs. Shenck are -prominent people in Lancaster county, where they have led peaceful and industrious lives, commanding and retaining the respect and confidence of the public to a marked degree. ISAAC S. LONGENECKER. It is not difficult to trace in the successful career of Isaac S. Longe- necker, the cashier of the Union National Mount Joy Bank, those sterling qualities which have dis- tinguished the bearers of his name in the early his- tory of Lancaster county. Isaac S. Longenecker was born in Dauphin coun- ty. Pa., Jan. 3, 1835, a son of Abraham and Anna (Shenk) Longenecker, natives of Dauphin coun- ty, where the father was a well-known farmer and died at the age of seventy-six, in 1880, the mother having passed away in i860, at the age of fifty-one. Both parents were consistent members of the Brinser Dunker Church. The children born to this worthy couple were : Samuel, a farmer of Lebanon ; Abra- ham, deceased ; Isaac S. ; Magdelina, deceased wife of Peter Kramer ; Elizabeth, " deceased ; David, a minister in the U. B. Church at Lebanon ; Peter and Harry, deceased. The paternal grandparents were Jacob and Barbara (Buck) Longenecker, this hon- ored name being well known over the whole of the State of Pennsylvania. It is a subject of general comment, that the early life of almost all men who have later become prom- inently identified with great institutions of any kind was passed on a farm, and such was the case with Isaac S. Longenecker. As a profession, farming did not appeal to him as a youth, and at the age of fifteen, he entered a store in Dauphin county as a clerk, applying himself so attentively to his duties BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1469 that his services were retained for five years. A better opening presenting itself in Mastersonville, he came into Lancaster county, and became an effi- cient and trusted employee in a mercantile house, where he remained until 1861 and then, in the same capacity, was connected with one of the business houses in Mt. Joy, in 1873 forming a partnership with T. M. Breneman which continued for seven years. The faithful discharge of duty and the excellent business capacity displayed by Mr. Longenecker, made him an acquisition to the First National Bank, of Mt. Joy, which he entered as clerk in 1880. In 1883 his value was recognized by his choice as as- sistant cashier. In the spring of 1885 he went to Elizabethtown, where he became cashier of the Eliza- bethtown National Bank, remaining with that finan- cial institution until 1889, but since August, 1890, he has held his present responsible position as cash- ier of one of the old and solid banking houses of the State. The Union National Mount Joy Bank was organized in 1855 as a Savings bank, but the charter was changed in 1857, making it a State institution, and in 1865 its present status was attained. Isaac S. Longenecker was married in Lancaster county to Miss Harriet G. Fretz, who was born in Rapho township, a daughter of Daniel and Margaret (Greiner) Fretz, the former of whom was a prom- inent farmer of this county. To this marriage has been born one daughter, Emma, who is the wife of J. W. Eshleman, a member of the firm of the Gray Iron Casting Company, of Mount Joy. In politics Mr. Longenecker is a Republican, and has been prominent in civic affairs. As a member of the Mt. Joy city council, he advocated progres- sive methods and as auditor was instrumental in solving the question of ways and means in regard to a number of improvements. His religious connection is with the U. B. Church. His life has been one of continued activity, requiring the exercise of a high order of ability and he is regarded as one of the most substantial representative business men of Mt. Joy. JOHN RESSEL, who has for many years been one of the successful farmers of Pequea township, is a native of Lancaster county, having been born Dec. 12, 1836, in West Lampeter township. Michael Ressel, grandfather of John Ressel, came from Germany, and settled in Lancaster coun- ty. He was a shoemaker by trade, an occupation he followed all liis life. Michael Ressel married Miss Mary Stetman, of Lancaster county, and they were the parents of the following children : Samuel, the father of Our subject ; Michael, deceased; John, de- ceased; Rachel, wife of Jacob Nuban, of Ohio; Catherine Tdeceased), wife of Adam Duke; Re- becca (deceased), wife of James Thompson; Nancy (deceased), wife of Adam Hess ; Susan (deceased), wife of John McVey ; and Leah, widow of Abram Kepperling. . Samuel Ressel was born in Lancaster county m 1796, and received a common-school education, liv- ing at home until he reached his majority. He early learned the shoemaker trade, and at the age of twenty took up the trade of stone mason, at which occupation he continued until he was fifty years of age. The balance of his life was spent in farming. He married Miss Annie Klein, of Manor township and they had a family of nine children : Betsy, died in infancy; Maria, wife of Martin Coble; Benjamin, deceased; Samuel, of Lancaster; Annie, wife of Jacob Myers; Martha, wife of Henry Hackman; Eliza, deceased; Levi, of Lyonsville; and John K. John K. Ressel remained at home until he was twenty-one years of age, acquired a common-school education, and was apprenticed to the carpenter trade with Henry Hackman. After five years of carpentering Mr. Ressel purchased the farm where he now resides, and has ever since engaged in farm- ing, in which he has met with gratifying success. Mr. Ressel is one of the valuable citizens of the town- ship, and is widely esteemed for his genuine worth. In 1861 Mr. Ressel wedded Miss Martha Good, and to this union have been born two chil- dren : Franklin G., born June 23, 1862, now a resi- dent of Lancaster; and Annie G., born Sept. 29, 1881, at home. E. R. RITCHIE, a well-known machinist and foundryman, resides in East Drumore township, Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, and receives his mail at Hensel post office. BENJAMIN F. STAUFFER, a prominent general farmer of Upper Leacock township, Lan- caster county, was born July 25, 1863, and is a son of Christian and Susannah (Rutt) Stauffer, the latter of whom passed out of life May 5, 1900, at the age of seventy-one years. The former was born in Pequea township, where he was a farmer until he retired from active life, fourteen years prior to his decease, which occurred August 18, 1900, at the age of seventy- seven. Both parents had long been con- sistent members of the Mennonite Church, and both lie buried in Stumptown cemetery. Benjamin F. Stauffer remained with his parents until his marriage and then made arrangements with his father so that he could farm the old homestead and receive a certain remuneration, and there he re- mained until the spring of 1901, when, both parents having passed away, the property was divided and our subject purchased his present fine farm. Here Mr. Stauffer has carried on a general line of farm- ing with great success, and he is recognized as one of the best agriculturists in the township. Benjamin F. Stauffer was married Nov. 15, 1883, in New Holland, Pa., to Miss Martha L. Hoover, and the children born to this union are; Abram H., Susan E., Mary E., Anna H., Barbara H. and Sarah C. Mrs. Martha L. (Hoover) Stauf- fer was born in Strasburg township, Oct. 26, 1861, a daughter of Abraham and Mary (Carpenter) 1470 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Hoover, of Strasburg township. The parents re- mained there until 1888, at which time they removed to Leacock township where they afterward re- mained, engaged in farming. Father Hoover was born Jan. 18, 1828; his wife was born Feb. 15, 1830, and died in February, 1901. She is interred in the Hershey burying ground. Mr. Hoover is one of the leading members of the Old Mennonite Church and a most highly esteemed citizen. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Hoover were : Sarah A. and Susan, who both died young; Ellen, who married Amos Brackbill, of Paradise township; Margaret, who married Frank Herst, of Newton, Kans. ; Mar- tha L., the wife of Mr. Stauft'er ; Juliet, who married David Hershey, of Leacock township ; Kate, who married Ephraim Hershey, of Paradise township; John, who resides with his parents; David, who died young; and Abraham, who resides in Paradise township. The grandparents of Mrs. Stauffer were among the old and prominent families of the county, David and Susannah (Eby) Hoover, of old Swiss stock; and John and Sarah (Kendig) Carpenter, of this county. HENRY J. GISH, proprietor of the Gish Feed Mill, a water power plant in West Donegal town- ship, was born on the farm where he is now found, July 28, 1865, a son of Henry B. and Amanda (Herr) Gish. The father now deceased, was a son of John and Annie Gish, while the mother, a daugh- ter of Benjamin and Elizabeth Herr, natives and lifelong residents of Lancaster county, has her home in West Donegal township. On Nov. 3, 1S98, Henry J. Gish was married in Hummelstown, Dauphin county, to Miss Mabel E. Hershey, and this union has been blessed with one child, Esther H. Mrs. Gish was born in Hum- melstown, Nov. 15, 1873, the charming and esti- mable daughter of Christian L. and Fanny (Mum- ma) Hershey. Her parents were born in Dauphin county, and are still living near Hummelstown. Her father, who was born Feb. 24, 1832, in his more active years held various local positions, such as school director and tax collector, and was a very successful farmer. Her mother was born Dec. 11, 1833, and with her husband belongs to the United Brethren Church. To them were born the follow- ing children: Elizabeth, the widow of John Niss- ley, of Hummelstown ; Emma, the wife of B. H. Engle, a real estate operator in Harrisburg; Will- iam E., in the lumber business in Harrisburg ; Clin- ton, a real estate dealer in Harrisburg; Mabel E., noted above as married to Mr. Gish; and Harry, Henrietta and Christian, all three deceased. Henry J. Gish has spent his life on the farm where he was born, and where he is now engaged in farming. In the fall of 1896 in company with his brother Edwin H., he undertook the cultivation of the farm, and the two brothers worked together for two years, when Henry J. bought out Edwin's in- terest, and since that time has had sole charge of the estate. The mill, which is also in his hands, was used to manufacture flour until 1896, when the making of flour was given up, and the work of the mill thrown into feed and chop stuff. Mr. Gish was elected town clerk in 1900, and is proving himself a popular and capable public ofificial. He is a member of the Jr. O. U. A. M., and has been a director of the Exchange Bank of Elizabethtown, since the fall of 1897. In his politics he is a Republican, and is one of the foremost young business men of this part of Lancaster county, with many friends and a bright future before him. CHRISTIAN R. STAUFFER, one of the well- known general farmers of Upper Leacock township, and a brother of Benjamin F. Stauffer, was born in Leacock township, Feb. 28, 1852, a son of Christian and Susannah (Rutt) Staufifer, who were most worthy members of the Old Mennonite Church. Their children were : Israel, Daniel and Henry, all deceased; Christian; Barbara, vpho married Wayne Rohrer, of Upper Leacock township ; Sue, who mar- ried IDavid 1,. Kreider, of East Lampeter township ; Amos, who is deceased; and Benjamin, a farmer of this township. By the first marriage of Christian Staufifer, to Anna Rohrer, one son was born, John R., who is a farmer of Bart township. The grand- parents of Mr. Staufifer were prominent farming people of the county, where John Staufifer also was a miller for many years. Christian R. Staufifer remained under his father's roof until his marriage and for the following ten years he engaged in farming on the old place, at the close of that period purchasing his present farm, where he has shown excellent management and is the owner of a line property. Christian R. Staufifer was married Oct. 15, 1874, in East Lampeter township, to Anna Kreider, and the children born to Mr. and Mrs. Staufifer were : Sue, who married Flam Horst, a farmer of West Earl township, and has one child, Christian ; and An- na, who married David B. Grofif, a farmer of Upper Leacock township. Mrs. Staufifer was a daughter of Tobias Kreider, of East Lampeter township, and her death occurred Aug. 15, 1879. The second mar- riage of Mr. Staufifer was to Miss Barbara Landis, in December, 1884, of which marriage there has been no issue. She was born in East Lampeter township, in 1852, and was a daughter of John and Elizabeth Landis. The Staufifer family is a leading one in that part of the county, representing wealth and prominence, and all are connected with the Mennonite Church. F. M. GREENLEAF, one of the prosperous and substantial farmers of Little Britain township, was born Dec. 23, 1862, and is a son of Raymond and Elizabeth (Johnson) Greenleaf, of Little Britain. Grandfather Martin Greenleaf was a well-known and respected resident of Lancaster county, of which he was also a native. His children were: Robert BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1471 P., of Wilmington, Del., where he is a practicing physician ; Martin Y., of Gap, Pa. ; Raymond ; Isa- bella, of Colerain township ; Lucy, the widow of John Walker, of Colerain township; and John T., also a resident of Colerain township. Raymond Greenleaf, a successful farmer of Little Britain township, was born in 1832, that year also seeing the birth of his wife, Elizabeth Johnson.. Five children were born to them : Mary, at home ; John, of East Drumore township ; F. M., of Little Britain township ; Louisa, at home ; and Maggie, de- ceased. Frank M. Greenleaf was reared on the farm and was well educated, attending both public and private schools in Lancaster county. He started out in life with little but health, good habits and perseverance, but to prove that this was capital enough it may be stated that he is now the owner of a fine farm of 126 acres of excellent land with most comfortable and commodious buildings. His agricultural operations have been very successful as he has given close at- tention to the details of his work, has employed mod- ern methods and used improved machinery. This farm is particularly valuable to him as it has be- longed to the maternal side of his family ever since the days of his great-grandfather Johnson. Both of his ancestral families are old and respected ones in Lancaster county. Frank M. Greenleaf was married March 21, 1889, to Miss Lucy M. Clendennin, of Little Brit- ain township, who was a daughter of James T. and Jane (Scott) Clendennin, and was born Oct. 10, 1866. This marriage has been blessed with two children: Arthur J., born March 31, 1890, and Ethel M., born Oct. 16, 1892. Mrs. Greenleaf was one of a family of six children : Martha and Eliza, twins; Robert; Charles; Ralph and Lucy. Both Mr. and Mrs. Greenleaf are consistent and valued members of the Presbyterian Church, at the Union, in Colerain township. Mr. Greenleaf is an ardent and active member of the Republican party, thoroughly believing in its principles. Through his locality he is held in high esteem, as an honest and upright citizen who is de- voted to his country, section and family. JOHN BAIRD BACHMAN, a venerable resi- dent of Columbia, was, during his active yeais, prominently identiiied with the business interests of that place as the proprietor of a large planing-mill, and lumber vard, and at the time of his retirement he was probably the oldest manufacturer in his line in the State. Mr. Bachman's ancestors on both sides have been numbered among the best citizens of Lancaster county. His great-grandfather, Felix Bachman, emigrated to this country from Switzerland in 1740, and, settling in Bart township, Lancaster county, purchased 650 acres of land from the heirs of Will- iam Penn, on which he passed the remainder of his life. He had two sons, George and Jacob. The latter, who became the grandfather of our subject, was ])orn in Bart town.ship on the tract mentioned, and in the house which the father erected soon after purchasing the place. This old dwelling is still standing. He was a farmer by occupation. At the age of seventeen he was drafted for service in the Revolutionary war, but the conflict closed before he was needed. He married Ann Heidlebach, and they raised a family of five children: George, Samuel, Jacob, Ann and Elizabeth. Samuel Bachman, the father of our subject, was born in 1791, on the old home place, and passed all his days in that locality, dying April I, 1882, at the great age of ninety-one. He was a man of energetic habits, both of mind and of body, and, as one of the most intelligent citizens of his day and place, took an active part in all the affairs of his locality. As merchant, landlord and farmer he prospered in busi- ness. His good judgment and popularity gave his opinion great weight among his neighbors, and he was frequently called upon to assist in the settlement of estates. Samuel Bachman first married Rebecca G. Baird, who was born in 1796, in Colerain town- ship, this county, and died in 1831. Their children were: John B., whose name opens this sketch; Hiram F., deceased, who was killed by lightning; Samuel H., deceased ; and Miss Anna A., now resid- ing in Bart township. By his second wife, Isabella Bowers, Mr. Bachman had children as follows : Har- riet E. and Rebecca I., both unmarried who reside with their sister Anna in Bart township ; and Will- iam, who died in infancy. To his third union with Hannah Pickle, came one child, Hannah M., who married James M. Irwin, a farmer of Bart township. On the maternal side our subject traces his an- cestry to Thomas and Agnes Baird, who were of Scotch-Irish extraction. He came to this country from Tyrone, Ireland, about 1750, and settled in Colerain township, this county, taking up three hun- dred acres of land. He served in Colonial wars, and his son John, the maternal grandfather of our subject, served in the Revolution. The latter was born in Colerain township, and died in 1822. He was a man of prominence in his locality, and served as magistrate in Bart and Colerain townships. John Baird married Abigail Gaillilard and they had the following named children: Thomas, John, Francis (all of whom migrated West), Patience (Mrs. Mil- er), Sarah (Mrs. Reeves), Rebecca G. (Mrs. Bach- man) and (Mrs. Andrews). John B. Bachman was born March 22, 1820, on the old home place in Bart township, and there spent his early life. During his boyhood he attended the select schools of the neighborhood, receiving a good practical education. His first business experiences were gained by helping his father in the country store and village hotel, and at the age of seventeen he commenced to learn the trade of carpenter, which he continued to follow until' 1852. In that year, desir- ing to extend his business interests, he removed to Columbia, with which place he has since been identi- 1472 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY fied. Until 1894 Mr. Bachman conducted a large planing mill and lumber yard, engaging extensively in the manufacture of sash, doors and blinds, also in building, and he became widely known as one of the most reliable business men in this section. Since 1895 he has lived retired. However, he still takes a deep interest in the affairs of his town, and he has served as burgess of Columbia for the past three years. Mr. Bachman previously served nine years as councilman, and his fidelity to the best interests of the town has been a marked characteristic of these years of service. Originally an old line Whig, his political s\-mpathies are now with the Republican party. Like his ancestors, he is a Presbyterian in religious faith. Mr. Bachman was married in 1847, ^t George- town, Bart township, to Miss Isabella Knox, and the following named children were born to them : Flor- ence Rebecca, who is mentioned below ; Hyde L., John K., Anna I., and Jennie Gail, all deceased; and Mary Gertrude, also deceased, who was the wife of Charles H. Haldeman, of Columbia. The eldest daughter first married Abraham R. Breneman, son of Abraham Breneman, and they had one daughter, Jennie, who is deceased. Mr. Breneman was en- gaged in mercantile business. Mrs. Breneman is now the wife of Col. Christian Shuman Kauffman, an iron merchant of Columbia. They have no children. Mrs. Isabella (Knox) Bachman was born June 15, 1829, in Bart township, daughter of Matthew- and Elizabeth Ann (Rockey) and granddaughter of George and Catherine (Baker) Rockey, who were natives of Bart township, Lancaster county, and , Northumberland county, respectively; both died in Bart township. Her great-grandfather, Henrjy Rockey, a native of Switzerland, came to America in an early day, making his permanent home in Bart township. He served in the Revolution. Mrs. Bachman's father, Matthew. Knox, was born in Ire- land, and came to America in 1825, making his home in Bart township. He was a shoemaker by occupa- tion. To his marriage with Elizabeth Ann Rockey^ a native of Bart township, were born four children, all now deceased except Mrs. Bachman — George, Mary who married John Q. Taggart, Isabella, Mrs. Bachman, and Catherine, who died young. The mother passed away in 1834, at the early age of twenty-eight, and the father Survived until 1838, dying at the age of fifty. CHRISTIAN H. HESS, who ranks among the thrifty farmer citizens of Pequea township, bears a name that has long been respected in that part of Lancaster county. He is a grandson of David Hess, who was a native of Lancaster county, and passed his entire life there, following farming. John Hess, the father of our subject, was born in Conestoga township, in 1809, and lived there most of his life. He remained at home on the farm until he was about twenty-one years of age, received a common school education, and whe;i he began life for himself took up farming, which he continued until his death in the spring of 1888. In political affiliation he was a Democrat, held the office of school director for several years and was also justice of the peace for some time. Religiously he was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. Mr. Hess married Miss Harriet Shank, who became the moth- er of six children, namely: John, deceased; Sarah, deceased; Martha, wife of John M. Hess; David S., of Conestoga township ; Jacob S.; of Conestoga Center; and Fannie, wife of Michael Good. Mrs. Harriet Hess dving, David Hess wedded Miss Eliza- beth Harnish, and to this union were born five chil- dren: Benjamin H. ; Christian H., our subject; Henry, of Alartic township ; Elizabeth, wife of Hen- ry Charles, of Pequea township ; and Susan B., wife of Martin Reesell, of Martic township. It is said that Mr. Hess (the father of this family) on two occasions walked to Ohio and bought horses which he rode home. Christian H. Hess was born Sept. 13, 1862, in Conestoga township, and lived at home until he was about twenty-five years of age. He then began farming for himself on the old homestead, where he remained for thirteen years. After this he pur- chased the farm where he now resides and which contains about seventy acres. It is one of the most productive tracts in Lancaster county, and Mr. Hess has, by industry and careful management, succeeded in making a comfortable income from the property. He has made extensive improvements on the place since it came into his possession. Mr. Hess married, Jan. 5, 1888, Miss Barbara Funk, daughter of Isaac Funk, and they are the parents of six children: Annie, Elizabeth (de- ceased), Maris, Ray (deceased), Cora and Barbara. Mr. and Mrs. Hess are both members of the Old Mennonite Church. DAVID H. DAMBACH, the well known farmer and lime manufacturer of Manor township, residing one mile east of Washington borough, Lancaster Co., Pa., was born near his present home Aug. 20, 1856, and is a son of Martin W. Dambach, who is now deceased. David H. Dambach was educated in the public schools of Manor township, and at the age of nine- teen years hired out as a farm hand to his brother, H. H. Dambach, and in 1877, when twenty-one years old, purchased and settled on his present farm, which comprises thirty-three acres, and on which he has made many valuable improvements and conducts general farming. Mr. Dambach also has on his place a large double lime-kiln and a fine limestone quarry, opened by himself, and which is one of the finest in Lancaster county and produces about $8oO' worth of pure lime annually and is well equipped with steam drill and other modern machinery. On Dec. 8, 1877, David H. Dambach married Miss Lydia Shenk, daughter of Abraham Shenk, of BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1473 Manor township, to which union have been born ten children, namely : Fannie S., Abraham, David, Liz- zie, Allen, Mary and Katie, twins, Martin, Annie and John. Mr. and Mrs. Dambach are members of the Old Mennonite Church, to the support of which they have always contributed most liberally, and are classed with the best residents of Manor township. THE BRENEMAN FAMILY. Adam and John Breneman, two brothers, in the latter part of the eighteenth century settled on 1200 acres of land a little east of Creswell, in Manor township, Lan- caster county, each brother securing for himself 600 acres, all unimproved, but from which they later de- veloped first class farms. The tract purchased by Adam is now occupied and owned by John Frey, Benjamin Shenk, Norman Christ, Amos Doerstler, Abraham Baker and others, Adam Breneman, who was a small man, married and reared a family and in due time passed away. John Breneman's original purchase of 600 acres is now principally owned by Peter Hiestand and Zachariah Witmer. John Breneman married a Miss Bassler, who bore him six sons and five daughters, of whom the sons were named Henry, Joseph, Jacob, Adam, Abraham and John ; the record of the names of the daughters has been lost. The children all scattered, the most of them seeking homes in the West. John Breneman was also a man of small stature. The first dwelling he erected on his prem- ises was a small cabin near the site of the buildings that now occupy the Z. R. Witmer farm. This cab- in was the home of John Breneman for several years, when he erected a commodious stone farm house, which is now owned by Peter Hiestand. The stone house was the home of John Breneman until his death, which occurred at the age of eighty-two years, in the faith of the Old Mennonite Church. Joseph Breneman, youngest child of John Brene- man, was born in the stone farm house in Manor township, Oct. 20, 1807, married Miss Barbara Kreider, Sept. 2, 1828, and had born to him a family of ten children. Joseph Breneman died Aug. 7, 1872, and his wife, who was born June 26, 1808, survived until March 6, 1895. The ten children alluded to above were: Benjamin K., who was born Tune 11, 1831 ; Michael, born Sept. 5, 1833, who died April 19, 1882, leaving a widow; Eliza- beth, Dec. 5, 18:;;, the wife of Z. R. Witmer; John K., born March io, 1838 ; Barbara, April 24, 1840, who died in December, 1844; Anna, Nov. 6, 1842, who died in January, 1845; Joseph K., Sept. 30, 1845 a farmer ; Jacob, Jan. 8, 1848, a resident of Miliersville;' Adam, Sept. 23, 1851, living in Lan- caster Citv; and Susan, Aug. 27, 1855, who died in August, 1861. This family was reared in the Men- nonite faith, in which faith the parents passed away. Mrs. Barbara (Kreider) Breneman was a daughter of Michael and Elizabeth Kreider, one of the old and highlv respected families of Conestoga township. y3 • Benjamin K. Breneman, the oldest of these children, was born in the old stone house, was reared a farmer and was educated in the public schools. At the age of twenty- two years, Benjamin began the conduct of a farm on his father's account, and in 1865 they purchased seventy-five acres one mile east of Creswell, where Benjamin K. carried on general farming until about 1894, when he retired from active labor. The marriage of Benjamin K. Breneman took place Nov. 3, 1853, to Miss Barbara Neff, who was born in Manor township, Oct. 15, 1830, the daughter of Henry Neff, a then prominent citizen. Six chil- dren have come to bless this union, viz: Susan, born July 21, 1854, now the wife of Daniel Witmer j Benjamin, Dec. 19, 1857, married to Elizabeth Herr ; Henry, Dec. 18, 1861, a farmer, and married to Eliz- abeth Ruhl, all of Manor township; Joseph, Sept, 16, 1864, a resident of Donegal township and mar- ried to Rachel Lefever; Jacob, Nov. 17, 1867, a farmer in Donegal township and married to Lizzie Torrey ; and Amos, Dec. 10, 1870, a farmer residing on the old homestead and married to Elizabeth Doerstler. The family are all devout Mennonites and among the most highly respected residents of Lancaster county. JOHN SLOAD, a conductor on the Pennsyl- vania Railroad, makes his home at Columbia^ Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. AMOS K. ROHRER, a thriving and rising: young farmer residing one mile south of Columbia, in Manor township, Lancaster county, was born» seven miles west of Lancaster City, on the Forrey farm, Jan. 15, 1875, and is a son of Christian H- Rohrer. Amos K. Rohrer received the usual educations gleaned by farmer's lads from the public or district* schools, assisted on the home place until twenty-two years of age, and then branched out for himself on his present sixty-five-acre farm, where general agri- culture has since occupied his well-directed attention.. On Nov. I, 1897, Amos K. Rohrer was united^ in matrimony with Miss Ella B. Dambach, daughter' of H. H. Dambach, of Manor township, and to Mr.- and Mrs. Rohrer has come one child. Christian.' Harry, born Nov. 2, 1898. Mr. Rohrer has been a- very industrious man, has made a success of his vocation, and stands to-day among the leading young'' farmers of his township and county. ' AMOS R. GISH, was born in West Donegal,- Jan. 31, 1875. He is the senior partner of the firm of A. R. Gish & Bro., general dealers in agricultural- implements and extensively engaged in the paint business in Elizabethtown. Mr. Gish is a son of Jacob R. and Elizabeth- (Root) Gish, both natives of West Donegal, where- they now reside. Both his parents were born in' 1832, and have had the following children : Harry- 1474 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY R., who is at home ; Levi, who is at home ; Abraham R., the junior member of the firm of A. R. Gish & Bro., married Amanda Hershey; Emos R., de- ceased: Katie R., the wife of Amos R. Herr, a farmer in the township of Mt. Joy ; Emma R., the wife of Steven Lindermuth, a farmer of East Done- gal township. The paternal grandparents of Amos R. Gish were John and Anna (Risser) Gish, both natives of West Donegal township, and in their day prominent and respected people. Amos R, Gish passed the earlier years of his life at home with his parents. In the spring of 1899 he opened his present business in company with his brother. Abraham R. The almost immediate success which they attained demonstrated both the need of such an establishment as that which they maintain and their ability as business men. They keep the best goods, are prompt and reliable in their dealing, and have won a marked success in their business. Mr. Gish is a Republican, and is much esteemed at home and wherever he is known, for his many good qualities and genial disposition. JOSEPH JACKSON, one of the leading young farmers of Southern Lancaster county, was born Dec. 16, 1862, in Little Britain township in this coun- ty, and was a son of Robert and Eliza (Conrad) Jackson. Robert Jackson was born in County Armagh, Ireland, in 1828 and died in Little Britain township, April 8, 1898. His life had always been one of honest toil and he was much respected through Lan- caster county, whither he had come while still a young man. He married Eliza Conrad who was born in 1828, and died in 1893. Eight children were born to them. Margaret, who married Dr. McNutt, of Philadelphia ; John, who is one of the leading farm- ers of his vicinity ; Andrew Jackson, who also is a leading farmer in Little Britain township; Robert, who married Rebecca McMamee, and resides in Britain town.ship; Joseph, of this sketch; Mary, who married Fred Gregg, of Drumore township; Ella, who married George Pollock, a merchant of Philadelphia : and Mary E., who died young. Joseph Jackson was reared a farmer boy and attended the district schools of Drumore township. Trained by his father to be industrious and frugal, Mr. Jackson now reaps the benefit of his years of industry. Although at the age of twenty-one years he had yet his first acre of land to earn, he now owns a fine, well-cultivated farm, comprising 164 acrps with excellent buildings and other improvements, in one of the most desirable portions of Little Britain township. For twelve years he has managed a hay press, this being an accommodation to his neighbors and a source of revenue to himself. In 1891 Mr. Jackson was married to Miss Estella Retzer of Drumore township, a daughter of Joseph Retzer. The other members of her family were: Lizzie; Annie, deceased; Ada, the wife of Lloyd McGucheon; Joseph; Jennetta, who married James McMamee. This family is one of the old established ones of the county. It originated in Ireland many years ago. Four children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Jackson : Everett, Charles, Letta and Joseph. Mr. Jackson has efficiently served as county commis- sioner, and is one of the leading members of the Democratic party in this locality. As a farmer he is regarded as an authority in agricultural circles, and through the community he is esteemed as one of the reliable men of business, as. a good citizen and an upright man who fitly represents his neighborhood. WILLIS B. CHARLES, an enterprising young farmer of Manor township, Lancaster county, is a descendant of one of the county's oldest families, was born in the township on the original Qiarles homestead, Aug. 2, 1874, and is a son of Amos and Mary (Bowen) Charles, both of whom are now living in East Hempfield township. Willis B. Charles was well educated in the public schools of his native township, was reared to farm- ing on the parental homestead and at the age of twenty-two years began agricultural life on his own account by settling on the farm of 145 acres which he still occupies, one mile south of Millersville ; this tract is devoted to general crops and is recognized as one of the best cultivated farms in the county. On Jan. 4, 1897, Willis B. Charles married Miss Lizzie C. Herr, a daughter of Emanuel and Eliza- beth (Charles) Herr, and this marriage has been blessed with one child, Amos H. Mrs. Lizzie C. Herr was born on the farm on which she and her husband now live. Emanuel Herr died some years since and his widow still resides on the homestead, the joint family being among the most respected of the residents of Manor township. JACOB K. BRENEMAN, who owns and con- ducts a productive farm in Pequea township, is one of the valuable citizens of his locality, and, though a young man is ranked among the substantial farmers of his section of Lancaster county. Jacob K. Breneman is a grandson of Milton Breneman, who was born in 1772, in York county. Pa., and came to Lancaster with his family when a mere child. He learned the weaver's trade, which he followed most of his life, but in 1824 purchased a farm in Strasburg township, on which he passed the remainder of his days, dying in 1857. He was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. In 1821 he married Miss Frances Lyenes, of Lancaster county, and they became the parents of two children : Peter, the father of our subject; and Fannie, widow of John B. Erb of Strasburg township. Peter Breneman was born in 1822, in Martic township, and remained at home until he was thirty- nine years of age. His education was acquired in the common schools of the county. He was a farm- er all his life. In 1861 Mr. Breneman wedded Miss BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1475 Elizabeth Kreider, daughter of John Kreider of Pequea township. To this union were born three children: Maris, now of Sterling, 111.; Frances, -wife of John Bleicher, of Highville, Manor town- ship ; and Jacob K. The father was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. Jacob K. Breneman was born in Sterling, III, Feb. 7, 1866. When he was but four years of age his mother died and the father brought him back to Lancaster county, where he lived with his aunt for four years. He then went to live with two ladies who were cousins of his father, remaining with them untilthey died. Mr. Breneman was the heir to their property and has cultivated this farm with success. JAMES NEWTON LIGHTNER. The Light- ner family is one of the old and honorable ones of Lancaster county, members of it having become dis- tinguished both in political and professional life through several generations. Augustus Lightner, his great-grandfather was born in Intercourse, Lancaster county, and served in the war of t8i2. For many years he carried on large agricultural operations in Lancaster county, accumulated great tracts of land, became one of^the financial pillars of his township, and was one of the most highly esteemed as well as one of the most liberal and public-spirited citizens of Lancaster coun- ty. He died on his farm at an advanced age. His marriage was to Miss Elizabeth Gundaker, and to them were born three sons and one daughter : Her- man, James, Augustus and Elizabeth. James Lightner, grandfather of James Newton, was also a native of this county and State, and was liberally educated at the Green Castle College, in Franklin county, graduating from that then noted institution with honors, a fine linguist, being con- versant with seven languages, English, German', French, Latin, Greek, Hebrew and Spanish. In later life he studied medicine,, and was graduated from the Baltimore (Md.) Medical College. He located for practice at Shirleysburg, Huntingdon county, this State, bttt later, he removed to Mt. Union, and there enjoyed a fine practice, going then to Churchtown, this county. In the course of time he saw a better field of operations at AUenville, Mifflin county, and sold his practice to Dr. McCaa, and took up his final residence in AUenville. Dr. Lightner ranked high in the medical profession. He was first married to Miss Elizabeth Cromwell, and two children were born to this marriage : Hend- erson and Jennie. The second marriage of Dr. Lightner was to Miss Flickinger, and the three chil- dren of this union were : Elizabeth, Keziah and Isaac TSF. Dr. Lightner was a Democrat, and was twice a member of the Legislature, rendering valuable serv- ices during his terms of office. A man of great public spirit, he was liberal in the use of his wealth in fu*-thering the enterprises that came under his notice, for the betterment of his locality, and for humanity in general. Much is due the memory of Dr. Lightner in the matter of the building of the structures for the comfortable care of the Huntingdon county poor, and to this enterprise he devoted much time and afforded very material financial assistance. For many years Dr. Lightner took a deep interest in rais- ing the standard of education in his community, and served on the school boards to effect this purpose. Few men in Lancaster county were more missed or more sincerely lamented, at time of death, than was Dr. James Lightner. In Dr. Isaac N. Lightner, the father of James Newton Lightner, and the son of Dr. James Light- ner, Lancaster county has a worthy and proficient physician. Dr. Isaac N. Lightner is located in lucra- tive practice at Ephrata, promising to follow most successfully in the footsteps of his honored and well- rernembered father. Dr. Lightner married Miss Emma B. Landis, a daughter of John H. Landis, a 'very prominent citizen of Northern Lancaster county. Three children were born to this union: one that died in infancy; Emma Ruth, at home; and James N. James Newton Lightner was born at the ancient town of Ephrata, in 1878, and received his prepara- tory education in the public schools of Lancaster county. Later he became a student in State College, and then at Dickinson College, Carlisle, graduating from the law department of the latter institution. Upon his return from Dickinson College, Mr. Light- ner continued his studies with A. B. Hassler, Esq., who is well known in the city and is now county con- troller of Lancaster county, and Mr. Lightner was admitted to practice on Sept. 13, 1901. Endowed with many gifts and thoroughly educated, the future holds out great promise for an ambitious young man, like Mr. Lightner, and his friends predict for him a very successful future in his chosen profession. E. W. WRIGHT, M. D., is a well known physi- cian and the owner of a fine farm in Little Britain township, Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, with postoffice at Wrightsdale. ABRAHAM K. McDONALD, gardener and florist of Washington borough. Manor township, Lancaster county, was born Oct. 22, 1877, in the house he still occupies and is a son of Joseph R. and Elizabeth (Ament) McDonald, the former being of Scotch descent. Joseph R. McDonald was born in Upper Wind- sor township, York county. Pa., Dec. 25, 1834, and was a son of James aiid Sarah (Reeves) McDonald, also natives of York county. James was a day laborer and died when about fifty-five years old, his wife having passed away when at the age of about fifty years. They were the parents of six children, named as follows: Maria, Jackson, Jo- seph R., Peter, an unnamed infant and William, all deceased with the exception of Joseph R. The last named was a lad of but eleven years when his parents were called away, but a short time previously he had 1476 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY gone to work for John Moore, a farmer of York county, with whom he made him home seven years, attending school meanwhile. When eighteen years of age, Joseph R. came to Lancaster county and entered the employ of George S. Mann, a farmer in Manor township, and continued in this employ about twenty-four years, with the exception of one year spent in the defense of his country's flag. This serv- ice was rendered in 1862-1863 with Co. E, 178th P. V. I., chiefly in Virginia, and his muster out took place in August of the last named year. In 1876, Joseph R. McDonald purchased ten acres of good land just east of Washington borough,, on which he made many valuable improvements and conducted general farming. two years, and then re- moved to a farm of 162 acres belonging to George Mann ; this he managed four years, then carried on farming on his own ten-acre farm until 1889, ana then purchased twenty-one acres adjoining, so that the two tracts may be virtually called the same farm. He removed to the new addition in 1899 and has there conducted general farming ever since. In 1877 Joseph R. McDonald was united in mar- riage with Miss Elizabeth Ament, of Manor town- ship, Abraham K. McDonald being the only child. Mr. and Mrs. McDonald are members of the M. E. Church, in which he has served as steward and trus- tee. Fraternally, Mr. McDonald is a member of Columbia lodge, No. 80, I. O. O. F. ; likewise of Columbia encampment ; and is also a member of Chickamauga Tribe, I. O. R. M. Socially he and his wife and son take rank with the best people of Manor township. Abraham K. McDonald was reared to farming, received his preliminary education in the public school, then attended the State Normal School at Millersville two years, and later took a course at the Pennsylvania Business College at Lancaster City. Until the spring of 1899 Abraham K. assisted his father on the home farm, and then took charge of the place on his own account and carried on market gardening exclusively, until quite recently, when he determined to become a florist and erected a hot-house 30x72 feet, which is well stocked with flowers of every variety, including many rare ex- otics. The enterprise promises to prove an immense success. Abraham K. McDonald was most happily mar- ried May 4, 1899, to Miss Sue C. Nissley, daughter of Jonas I.-. Nissley, of Manor township, and this union has been blessed with one child, A. Leroy. JOHN G. FERGUSON, a prosperous contract- or and builder of Columbia, of the firm of C. C. Ferg- uson Sons, occupies a prominent place in the busi- ness circles of that town. Christian C. Ferguson, for many years a lead- ing contractor and builder of Columbia, was born in Manor township, Lancaster county, in 1846, and was a son of James and Catherine (Christ) Ferguson, lifelong residents of that county, where the father engaged in business as a wagon maker. He died in 1867, at the age of sixty-five years, and the mother, passed awav in 1893, at the age of eighty-two.> Christian C. was the eldest child of this union, the others being : Catherine, who married John Tyson, and died at the age of twenty-four years ; and Mar-. tha, wife of Isaac Broom, of Columbia. The father was married three times and had twenty-one children. At the earlv age of ten years Christian C. Fergu- son left home and began the battle of life for himself, working for neighboring farmers until he was eigh- teen years old, when he commenced learning the car- penter's trade in Manor township. As a carpenter he engaged in contracting and building, from the age of twenty-four years until his death, which oc- curred in Columbia in November, 1898. He met with success in his undertakings and was able to leave his family in comfortable circumstances. He was an earnest and consistent member of the Metho- dist Episcopal Church, and a stanch supporter of the Republican party. He was thoroughly interested in whatever tended to promote the moral, intellectual and material welfare of his community, and in his death the community realized that it had lost a valued and useful citizen. On Oct. 12, 1864, in Lancaster, Pa., Mr. Ferg- uson was united in marriage with Miss Sarah A. Gurney, and to them were born four children, as follows : Catherine, now the wife of Isaac Over- hultzer, foreman in stove works at Lehighton, Pa. ; John G. ; Christian, deceased ; and Emory, also, a contractor and builder of Columbia. Mrs. Ferguson is a native of West Hempfield township, Lancaster county, and the only child of George and Elizabeth (Hogendobler) Gurney, who were also born in Lancaster county. Her father, who died before her birth, was of English extraction, and a school teacher by profession. The mother was again married, her second husband being David Kaufman, and she is now living in Silver Spring, Lancaster county, at the age of seventy-three years. By the second marriage there were four children, namely: Abraham, who conducts a coal yard in Silver Spring ; David, a resident of the same place ; Elizabeth, deceased; and Leah, wife of Horace Heidler, telegraph operator at Silver Spring. John G. Ferguson was born Jan. 13, 1868, on a farm in Manor township, this county. When one year old he came with his parents to Columbia, where he remained to the age of eleven. Returning then to the farm, he remained there six years, engaged in agricultural work, and he has since been a resident of Columbia. For a year and a half he clerked in a grocery store, and he also worked one year in a cigar box factory before taking up his father's calling, at which he worked with his father until 1897, learn- ing almost every branch of the business. Since the year mentioned he has carried on contracting and building in partnership with his brother, Emory G., under the firm title mentioned, and they have met BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1477 with flattering success — success fully accounted for, however, by the quality and style of their work. Their business reputation is of the highest, and they are equally respected for high moral worth and good citizenship. Mr. Ferguson is a Republican in political faith. . On Sept. I, 1885, in Columbia, Mr. Ferguson •was united in marriage with Miss Ida C. Myers, and €ve children have blessed this union, namely : John Leo, Sarah H., Ethel M., Wilford A. and Catherine. JVlrs. Ferguson was born in 1869 in East Hempfield :township, daughter of Abraham and Sarah (Kauff- man) Myers, natives of East Hempfield township ^nd Columbia, respectively. He was a farmer by occupation. He died in 1870, in Ohio, while yet a young man, and Mrs. Myers subsequently married Jlobert Law, a tailor .who now resides in Lancaster. JVlrs. Law died in 1873, at the age of thirty-four. Ida C, Mrs. Ferguson, was the only child born to her union with Abraham Myers. Mr. Law's chil- ,dren were Anna, who is the wife of Harry George, of Witmer, Pa. ; Charles, of Lancaster ; Ira, of •Lancaster; Miss May, of Bryn Mawr, Pa.; and Robert, who is deceased. D. WALTER MIESSE, the progressive photog- rapher and prosperous young business citizen, of Lancaster, whose artistic quarters are located at No. 24 West King street, well represents his line of endeavor, in that city. The family name of Miesse is one which is well Jcnown in the State, Daniel H. Miesse, grandfather of D. Walter, having been the owner of extensive woolen mills and farm interests at Schaefiferstown, in Lebanon county, although his last days were spent in Lancaster county, where his death took place about a quarter of a century ago, after some years of retirement from activity. D. W. Miesse, son of Daniel H. and the father of D. Walter, of Lancaster, has, for the past twenty- eight years, been a leading confectioner in that city, his establishment on North Queen street being not only one of the leading, but also one of the finest, in interior fittings, in Lancaster. He married Miss Carrie B. Clore, of Westchester, and to this union were born ten children, of whom seven still survive : Miss Charlotte, who is her father's efficient assistant in the confectionery business; Emma, at home; John, who is engaged in the saddlery business ; Howard, Dora and Le Roy, all at home; and D. Walter, the photographer. D. Walter Miesse was born at No. 48 North Queen street. Lancaster, May 15, 1877. He was educated in the public schools of Lancaster, leaving jthese at the age of fifteen years, to take a practical course at Weidler's Business College. Later, Mr. Miesse entered upon his artistic career, during the tourse o-f which he spent eight years with the late J. E. Rote, but on Feb. 4, 1901. he bought the photo- graphic establishment at No. 24 West King street, over Kirk, Johnson & Co.'s big music store, and im- mediately proceeded to re-model and refurnish the studio. At the present it ranks favorably in furnish- ings and work with the best to be found in the State. Mr. Miesse was married on Feb. 12, 1901, to Miss Elizabeth M. Elliston, who was a daughter of George Elliston, who is connected with the Pennsyl- vania Iron works. Mr, Miesse is a consistent mem- ber of the Lutheran Church, and is fraternally con- nected with the Artisans. Although not an active politician, he votes with the Republican party. The success which has rewarded the efforts of Mr. Miesse is due to. his enthusiasm and knowledge of his busi- ness, his artistic temperament making him well fitted for such a career. Constantly studying, he keeps pace with all the modern improvements in his line, and turns out specimens of work which would do credit to metropolitan studios. J, A, JAMISON, an honored veteran of the Civil War, is the owner of a fine farm near Wrights- dale, Little Britain township, Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. HARRY GOOD REESE, railroad telegraph operator and newsdealer at Elizabethtown, was bom , in Elizabethtown, Aug. 10, 1871. Mr. Reese is a son of Samson D. and Elizabeth (Good) Reese, both born in Little Washington, Lan- caster county. When they married they came to Eliz- bethtown, where they have passed their peaceful and well ordered lives. The father is a farmer and a dairyman, and is now a man of venerable years, hav- ing been born in 1828. For four terms he served in the town council. The mother, who was born in 1835, has had the following children : Samuel G., a farm- er and a fruit grov/er in West Donegal township; David M., a machinist in Elizabethtown; Christian G., a brick maker and ice dealer in Elizabethtown; U. Grant, (deceased) ; Harry G. ; Edgar G. and Anna G., both at home. Harry Good Reese was married Feb. 22, 1898, to Miss Mamie E. Young, who . was born June 28, 1875, and is a daughter of Gabriel and Mary J. (Carpenter) Young, born respectively, in Elizabeths town and in Maytown. Her father was a railroad contractor and spent the greater part of his time in Connecticut. He was born in 1835, and died in 1875. Her mother, who was born July 28, 1841, died Sept. 9, 1877. They were both members of the Lutheran Church, and had the following chil- dren: Hester C, who died Feb. 10, 1867; James E., of Harrisburg; and Mamie E. Harry Good Reese has spent his life in Elizabeth- town, where he has been engaged in the newspaper business for the past seventeen years. In 1893 he entered the office of the Pennsylvania Railroad at Elizabethtown, as a telegraph operator, and here he has remained to the present time. For the last four years he has acted as relief operator. Mr. Reese is a member of the A. O. K. M. C, of which he is relief assistant, and with his wife holds membership in 1478 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY the German Reformed Church. In his politics he is a Republican, and for so young a man has won an enviable position in the business world. FRANK BROWN is one of the prosperous young men of Paradise and one who despite his youth has already won a creditable position among the leading men of the community. He was born in West Lampeter township, May 5, 1871, son of Henry and Annie Eliza (Froelich) Brown. The father is a resident of Paradise, and Frank was reared on his farm and educated in the public schools. Frank Brown started out in life for himself at the age of twenty-one years, spending a year in the West, then returning to Lancaster county to take charge of the Paradise and Lancaster Stage Line. He operated this line for four years, and then en- gaged in the cattle business, giving considerable at- tention also to the handling of horses. In the sum- mer of 1900 he opened a meat market ; but has re- cently turned his entire attention to horses, and handles all kinds of road and draft animals in the Lancaster county market. Mr. Brown is a man of wide thought and ready action, and when he sees a good opportunity is ready to embrace it at once. In the spring of 1901 he saw a good opportunity in the ice business, and promptly organized an ice company in Paradise, supplying several neighboring towns as well as that point with the cooling crystal that is such a comfort in the hot weather. Mr. Brown was married in 1893 to Miss Jane Hogens, a daughter of William Hogens, of Mt. Pleasant. They have one child, Chester. The Brown family is among the oldest and most respected in Lancaster county, and has a very honor- able history. Jacob Brown, the grandfather of Frank, lived many years in Eden township, where he died about 1878, at the early age of forty-five years. Miss Lydia Philips, who became his wife, was the daughter of Henry Philips, and died about 1893, at the age of sixty-two. They were the parents of the following children : ( i ) Sarah Anna, unmarried, in Lancaster; (2) Henry, father of Frank Brown; (3) Adaline, wife of William Moore of Lancaster; (4) Harriet L., wife of J. W. Eberly of Lancaster, deceased ; (5) Ada, wife of J. Mills Rhodes of Lam- peter ; (6) ]\Iary C, wife of Charles Seiber of Lan- caster. Mrs. Lydia (Philips) Brown is remembered as especially of a high Christian character, and a sweet and tender spirit. Henry Brown, noted above as the father of Frank, was born and partially reared in Eden town- ship and educated in the local schools. When only ten years of age he went to work on a farm for his board and clothes. When he was sixteen he re- ceived wages. In 1870 he was married, and eight years later engaged in farming, in the meantirne be- ing engaged in working for wages. For eighteen years he was engaged in farming in Paradise and Lampeter townships. After this he located in Para- dise as a drover and engaged in the cattle busmess for some two years. For three years he was in the ice business. For nine years he was supervisor of Paradise township. At the present writing he is engineer for the firm of Hershey, Brown & Hershey. Mr. Brown has been one of the active party workers of the Republican organization in Paradise township. Mr. Brown was married to Annie Eliza Froe- lich, a daughter of Daniel Froelich, and is the father of four children: Frank, whose name introduces this article; Henry W., a resident of Sterling, 111., where he is engaged in the farm implement trade; Daniel F., a resident of Trenton, N. J. ; Jacob F., a resident of Paradise, and associated with Hershey, Brown & Hershey. GABRIEL E. NISSLEY, a general farmer in the township of East Donegal, Lancaster county, who has made a decided success of his chosen calling, was borrt on his present home place, Nov. 28, 1870, a son of Elias N. and Rebecca N. (Eby) Nissley, natives of East Donegal and Rapho townships, re- spectively, who since 1894 have lived retired, making their home in Mount Joy borough, enjoying that rest and ease that deservedly follow long and faithful years of farm life. Elias N. Nissley was born in East Donegal town- ship, Feb. 15, 1845, ^ son of Joseph W. and Barbara (Nissley) Nissley. He lived at home with his parents until 1870, when he spent a year with his brother. Rev. Ephraim N. Nissley, and then began farming for himself in East Donegal township, where he met with success, retiring, as above stated, in 1894, and leaving the farm in charge of his son. On Oct. 31, 1869, Elias N. Nissley married, in Mt. Joy, Rebecca Eby, who has borne him two chil- dren: Gabriel E., whose name introduces this arti- cle ; and Miss Fannie E., at home. They are mem- bers of the Old Mennonite Church, and are very prominent in the community. In his political views Elias N. Nissley is a Republican. Mrs. Rebecca (Eby) Nissley was born in Rapho ■ township, Oct. 4, 1850, a daughter of Levi and Anna (Nissley) Eby, natives of Hammer Creek and Rapho township, respectively. Levi Eby (a son of Hans —or John — and Mary (Witwer) Eby, of Lancas- ter county) died in April, 1865, at the age of forty- nine years ; and his wife in 1870, at the age of fifty- five years. They were both buried in Rapho town- ship on the old homestead, where she was born. They were members of the Mennonite Church, and were known as honest and God-fearing people. Their children were : Mary, living in Florin, is the widow of Christ. N. Nissley ; Sarah, married John S. Niss- ley, and is deceased ; John died in infancy ; Fannie, deceased, married Rev. Ephraim N. Nissley ; Phian- na married John G. Snyder, and is now deceased; and Rebecca. Mrs. Anna Eby was a daughter of John and Anna (Hershey) Nissley, both of Lan- caster county, where they lived and died; she was twice married, her first husband being Jacob Garber, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1479 by whom she had a daughter, Anna, who married John Hertzler, a farmer in Alabama. On Nov. 7, 1893, in Lititz, Pa., Gabriel E. Niss- ley wedded Stisan Hostetter, and they have become the parents of two children : Ella H. and .Lilla H. Mrs. Susan (Hostetter) Nissley was born in Penn township, a daughter of Michael and Maria (Eby) Hostetter, both natives of Lancaster county, now re- siding on the old homestead in Penn, where he is re- tired from active farm labors. They are both re- spected members of the Mennonite Church. To Michael Hostetter and wife were born the follow- ing children: Anna E., wife of Amos Horst, a farmer ; Mary E., who married Benjamin Kauffman, a farmer near East Petersburg ; Susan ; Kate, the widow of Jacob N. Kreider, now living with her 4>arents ; Levi, who died young ; and Ella is at home. Gabriel E. Nissley remained on the farm and worked for his father until his marriage. At the present time he is doing business for himself, and is rapidly making his way to the front as a bright young farmer, who is willing to spare no pains and labor to secure the best results and keep his broad acres in their most fertile condition. OWEN McMANUS, a retired employe of the Pennsylvania Railway Company, resides at Colum- bia, Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. JOHN C. GRUBER, the proprietor of the "Styer House" in New Holland, operates a hotel of thirty-five rooms, and has put in steam heat, to- gether with all the other modern conveniences, mak- ing it one of the popular hostelries of Lancaster county. Mr. Gruber was born at Sorrel Horse, East Earl township, Jan. .17, 1870, and is a son of Morgan H. Gruber. He was married Jan. 14, 1892, in Cedar Grove, East Earl township, to Catherine Stauffer, by whom he has had three bright and winsome chil- dren, Margaret, Anna and Jay. Mrs. Gruber was born in East Earl township, Feb. 4, 1S71, and is a daughter of John and Anna (Weaver) Staufifer. Her father was a coach maker, and died in 1880, at the early age of thirty years. At Goodville he had a coach factory, and was build- ing up a fine trade, when so early called away. His widow is postmistress at the present time in Good- ville. She has had the following children : Caro- line, who is now Mrs. Thomas Fox, of Goodville; Catherine ; Francis, a blacksmith in Lancaster ; Eva, unmarried and living in Philadelphia; Cora, mar- ried to Milton Martin, of Goodville ; Keelor, a drug- gist in Philadelphia. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Gruber were Joseph and Eva (Martin) Staufifer; her maternal grandparents were John S. and Catherine (Sen- senick) Weaver, residents of Lancaster, where the former was engaged in trade. John C. Gruber remained at home with his par- ents and was reared in the life of a hotel until he reached the age of eighteen years, securing his edu- cation in the public schools, and preparing for a successful career. His first business engagement was at Reidensbach, Pa., where he was employed in a store for thirteen months, and he was then in a dry goods store in Lancaster for three years. After this he was m various positions for two years. In his father's stockyards hotel in Lancaster, young Gru- ber was employed two and a half years. Until 1889 he was at different times in the service of several hotel men in Lancaster, but that year he took charge of the present hotel, in which he has continued very successfully to the present time. Mr. Gruber is connected with the P. O. S. of A., the K. O. T. M. and the F. O. of Eagles, and is very popular in these various social relations. In po- litical matters he is a Republican, and is a thrifty and successful man and a good citizen. DAVID H. MARTIN, a very successful grocer in Elizabethtown, was born in Mt. Joy township, Oct. 20, 1 87 1, a son of Rev. Aaron and Cor- delia (Heisey) Martin, and though young in years, is recognized as one of the prominent and reliable merchants of the place. Rev. Mr. Martin is a clergyman of the order commonly known as the River Brethren, though called by themselves. Brethren in Christ. His home is in West Donegal township, in a suburb of Eliza- bethtown. He was born April 7, 1841, in Mt. Joy township, and is a son of David and Barbara (Her- shey) Martin. David Martin was born on the same farm where David H., his grandson, was born, and there he spent eighty-two years of an industrious and useful life, dying April 30, 1897. Mrs. Barbara (Hershey) Martin died Nov. 12, 1877, at the age of sixty-four years, and was buried in a private burying ground on the old farm. David Martin was a farmer, oc- cupymg himself in the winter with harness-making. Mr. and Mrs. Martin were members of the River Brethren Church. The oldest son, Elias H., is a clergyman in Dickinson county, Kansas. Their other children were Anna (deceased) married Rev. Abraham Eshleman ; Aaron ; Catherine, died at the age of thirteen years. Joseph and Elizabeth (Miller) Martin, were the paternal great-grandparents of David H. Martin. Joseph Martin was a farmer and a blacksmith, and a famous harness maker. Jacob and Catherine (Witmer) Hershey, the maternal great-grandparents of David H. Martin, were natives of Lancaster county, where their lives were spent. Rev. Aaron Martin was married Dec. 25, 1861, in Lancaster, Pa., to Cordelia Heisey, and by this union became the father of the following children: Abraham, died at the age of two years ; Anna, un- married and living at home ; Ezra, a farmer in Mt. Joy, married Alice Longenecker; Amos, a farmer, in Mt. Joy, married Frances Hostetter ; David, mer- 1480 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY chant in Elizabethtown ; Emma, wife of Isaac Her- shey, engaged in the creamery business in Dauphin county; Aaron, a clerk in Elizabethtown National Bank, and at home; Irvin, a teacher, and living at home; John, a farmer living with his brothers on the old homestead. Mrs. Cordelia (Heisey) Martin was born in West Donegal township in 1840, and is a daughter of Abraham G. and Fanny (Goss) Heisey, both na- tives of West Donegal. Her father is now leading a retired life in West Donegal, her mother having passed away. Aaron Martin remained on the farm where he was born in Mt. Joy township until 1898 when he retired from active farming, and moved to his pres- ent location, a beautiful quarter-section, adjoining the northern line of Elizabethtown. He still officiates as minister of a congregation in West Donegal town- ship. For six years he was a school director in the township of Mt. Joy, but he takes no active interest in politics. David H. Martin is still unmarried, and was reared on the Old farm where he remained until he attained his majority. He had his education in the district school, and in the State Normal School at Millersville. He taught school, and when he was scarcely of age engaged in his present business, which has been from the first a pronounced success. Mr. Martin is a Republican, and is a bright and thrifty tradesman, commanding a large trade and counting his friends by the legion. LANDIS HERSHEY, who is a general farmer and substantial and respected citizen of Salisbury township, was born Aug. 24, 1867, at Intercourse, in Leacock township, son of Peter E. and Anna (Landis) Hershey. Landis Hershey was reared on a farm, and has devoted his energies to agricultural pursuits ever since he became old enough to take an interest in them. His education was acquired in the district schools and until his marriage he remained at home, assisting his father. After marriage he settled on his present fine farm, which he has operated and developed into one of the best and most valuable farms of the township. Mr. Hershey is a Repub- lican in politics. He belongs to the Mennonite Church. On Oct. 25, 1887, Mr. Hershey was married (first) in Paradise township to Miss Elizabeth Buckwalder, and one son, Harry P., was born to this union. Mrs. Hershey was born in 1866 in Salisbury township, died Nov. 19, 1891, and was buried in Hershey cemetery. She was a daughter of John R. and Magdelina (Hershev) Buckwalder, the former an ex-merchant and retired farmer of Paradise township. Both Mr. and Mrs. Buckwalder are members of the Mennonite Church. Their chil- dren were as follows : Anna, deceased ; Elizabeth, deceased wife of Mr. Hershey ; Owen, of Lancaster ; Hettie, wife of John M. Kreider, a minister, resid- ing in Palmyra, Mo. ; Mary, wife of John H. Her- shey. of Palmyra, Mo. ; Frank, Jacob and Ruth, at home ; Ira, of Kinzers, Pa. ; and Harry, at home. The second marriage of Mr. Hershey was on Nov. 19, 1893, m Salisbury township, to Elizabeth K. Leaman, and to this union three children have been born, namely ; Anna E., Willis L. and Ruth L. Mrs. Hershey was born Dec. 3, 1875, in Upper Lea- cock township, daughter of Benjamin and Elizabeth (Kreider) Leaman, the former a native of Leacock township, and the latter of East Lampeter township. Mr. Leaman, who was a farmer, died in East Lam- peter township in 1878. Mrs. Leaman married (second) Bishop Isaac Eby and resides in Paradise township. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Lea- man were as follows : Mary and Anna, who both died young; Elizabeth, who married Mr. Hershey; Benjamin, who died young; and Ada, married to Isaac Hershey, a farmer of Paradise township. As a farnier, Landis Hershey upholds the repu- tation of Lancaster county as the home of the best agriculturists in the State, and as a citizen he is known to be an honest, reliable and upright man, a good neighbor and a kind friend. JOHN J. SWEENEY, a locomotive engineer for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, is now living retired at Columbia, Lancaster county, Penn- sylvania. WILLIS M. RETTEW. The Rettew Brothers are manufacturers of Pasteurized Butter at New Holland, and have already won a very creditable standing for their goods in the great markets of the country. This firm consists of Willis M. and Sam- uel Rettew, sons of William and Elizabeth (Mc- Cauley) Rettew. The brothers were reared in Ephrata township, and their great-grandfather, Isaac Rettew, came from Ireland when a young man. He was a farmer and his son, William, was reared in the vicinity of Philadelphia, coming into Lancaster county when a young man. There the greater part of his life was spent, his home being most of the time in West Earl township. After a long and useful life he passed away. Elizabeth McCloud, .his wife, was a native of Lancaster county, and with her husband belonged to the Lutheran Church. They had a family of six children, John, William, Leaman, Harvey, Maggie and Annie. William Rettew, the father of Willis M., was born and reared in Earl township, but made his home in Ephrata township after his marriage. There he has held the office of inspector of election, and has several times been judge of election. In politics he is an ardent Democrat. Mr. Rettew mar- ried Elizabeth McCauley, a daughter of George and Elizabeth (Mowrer) McCauley. She was born in Warwick township, and belongs to the Lutheran Church. To this union were born eleven children; Willis M., Samuel, Hervey, Allen, Willie, Norman, BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1481 Chester, Minnie, Alice, Emma and Elizabeth. The two older members of the above family are married, and compose the firm of Rettew Brothers, at New Holland. Willis M. Rettew was born Feb. 26, 1876, and was reared on the old farm, receiving his education in the public school, and graduating from the Akron high school. In 1899 he formed a partnership with his brother Samuel, under the name of Rettew Brothers, and erected a creamery, two miles west of New Holland, and two miles east of Bareville. Their plant is regarded as one of the most complete and perfect in Lancaster county. Their output is readily sold at top prices in Philadelphia, Reading and elsewhere. They manufacture as high as sixteen hundred pounds of butter a week. They also handle eggs and poultry and have a good patronage for any- thing they offer on the market. Willis M. Rettew was married Dec. 2, 1900, to Miss Anna Nolt, a daughter of Amos Nolt, of West Earl township. Mr. Rettew is known as a wide-awake and hustling young man, of good principles and correct habits. Samuel Rettew^ the junior member of the firm noted above, was born Dec. 2, 1877, and is also a graduate of the Akron high school. He married Miss Mamie Landis, a daughter of Jacob Landis, of Ephrata township. Mr. Rettew resides at Ephrata, but devotes much of his time to the business of the firm in Philadelphia, while his brother takes charge of the business of the firm at the factory. Rettew Brothers, worthy and deserving young men, are making a decided success of their work, and are winning rapidly that position of independ- ence and success that should attend industry, integ- rity and business ability, such as they exhibit. JOHN KERNER, a conductor on the Pennsyl- vania Railroad, resides at Columbia, Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. HARRY MUSSELMAN. Among the live and progressive young business, men and successful farmers of Earl township, no one stands higher in public esteem than does Harry Musselman, who was born on the old homestead, in the southern part of Earl township, March 2, 1870. His father was Henry Musselman, now deceased, and he was reared to farm pursuits in his younger years, while attend- ing the public schools. In search of a higher educa- tion, Harrv then entered the Pennsylvania Commer- cial College, and after finishing a course there, at the age of eighteen years began clerking in a coal and lumber yard at New Holland, and continued •there for two years with Amos Rutter. The fol- lowing five years were passed in the employ of C. H. Hershev,'at Bareville. The fine farm owned by Harry Musselman is lo- cated one and one-half miles south of New Hol- land, comprises 112 acres, and is generally regarded as one of the best farms in that part of the county. This requires supervision, as Mr. Musselman is progressive enough to wish to have his land cared for in the best possible manner, realizing that only in this way can it give the best possible agricultural results. Mr. Musselman has been particularly prominent in politics, being an active and influential Repub- lican. He was made township assessor and served through one term very acceptably and then was made justice of the peace, an appointment which has given general satisfaction. Mr. Musselman is un- married. As an upright and interested citizen, he is identified with all matters of public interest, and is highly esteemed through Earl township. SAMUEL L. SHARP. Among the well-known residents of the borough of Ephrata, Lancaster coun- ty, is Samuel L. Sharp, the efficient manager of the Clear Point stock farm, owned by F. A. Wilson, of Ephrata. Samuel L. Sharp was born Nov. 16, i860, a son of Jacob and Mary C. (Gross) Sharp, representa- tives of two old and highly esteemed families of Lancaster county. For a number of years Jacob Sharp was a dealer in merchandise and produce, in Ephrata, his death occurring on Jan. 29, 1890, at the age of seventy-five. His widow, who was born Jan. 2, 1836, still survives and resides with her son Samuel L. The family born to Jacob Sharp and his wife numbered these children: Francis, born in August, 1859, who died in 1864 ; Samuel L. ; and William, born in 1863, who died in infancy. Samuel L. Sharp was reared in Ephrata and at- tended the common schools of the borough, and was then given most excellent educational advantages, at Harrisburg Academy and the Muhlenberg Col- lege at AUentown. Following this, he engaged in clerking in Ephrata. Some time later, Mr. Sharp went into the business of cigar manufacture ; he was made justice of the peace and served most efficiently for a period of ten years. At present he is the capable manager of the well-known Clear Point stock farm. The marriage of Mr. Sharp took place in March, 1884, to Miss Strohl, a daughter of Isaac and Mary Strohl, of Ephrata, and to this union were born four children: Bernard S., born Oct. 11, 1885, died Dec. 4, 1893: Charles S., born Dec. 9, 1887; Harry S., Sept. 17, 1891 ; and Frank S., Dec. 19, 1892. The birth of Mrs. Sharp occurred Jan. 23, 1861, and she passed out of life April 27, 1895, at the age of thirty- five. Mr. Sharp stands well with the community in which he has lived so long, and during his years as justice of the peace served his section faithfully and to the satisfaction of all parties. . As an intelligent business man his ability is recognized, and he is most devoted to his family and friends. ABRAHAM B. HUBER, of Neffsville, Lan- caster Co., Pa., belongs to a family whose repre- sentatives have taken an honorable place in the activ- 1482 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ities of Lancaster county, since the coming of the great-grandfather of Mr. Huber. Abraham Huber, the grandfather of Abraham B., was born in Warwick township, Lancaster coun- ty, where his life was spent. When he died he was between fifty and . sixty years of age, and had fol- lowed farming all his life. To him and his wife were born: Peter went to Canada, where he fol- lowed farming, and died ; Samuel was a farmer in Lancaster county, where his descendants still abide ; Jacob was a farmer, and died without issue; and John, the father of Abraham B. Huber. Of their daughters, one married Christian Hess, of Warwick township ; another, Henry Stoner, of Ephrata town- ship ; a third married Samuel Martin, of Earl town- ship ; and a fourth, a Mr. Hurst, of Franklin county. Pa. ; and a fifth married Andrew Groff, and went to Canada. The parents of these children were mem- bers of the Mennonite Church. John Huber, the father of Abraham B., was born in Warwick township, in February, 1806, and died Jan. 22, 1889. He was left fatherless at about the age of seven years, and for a time he lived with his sister, but left her home to learn the weaving trade, making this his occupation until his marriage. After his marriage he located in Leacock township, where he engaged in farming, although during the winter season he still did weaving. In 1849 he sold this farm, and bought one of 192 acres on the Fruitville Pike, in Manheim fownship, and there he followed farming as long as he was engaged in active busi- ness. Retiring from active work after a long and industrious career, he moved to a small property near the lead mines in East Hempfield township, where he took active interest in public aflfairs, being among the first to serve on the school board under the first operation of the free school system, assist- ing in the organization of the free schools. He also served as director of the poor. His last days were spent at Petersburg, where he bought a residence. His business abilities were above the ordinary, and he was called upon to administer many estates. In religion he was an active member of the Mennonite Church. John Huber was married to Fannie Buch- walter, a daughter of David Buchwalter, of Leacock township, where she was born in 1807 ; she died Sept. 7, 1886. To this union were born the following children : Mary, who married Christian Kauffman, of East Hempfield township, and is now deceased; Elizabeth, widow of Daniel Brubaker, of Peters- burg, Lancaster county ; Abraham B. ; Fannie, wid- ow of Abraham Strite, of Washington county, Md. ; David B., a retired farmer of Manheim township; Barbara, the wife of Isaac Shutter of Franklin coun- ty. Pa. ; CatheriHe, wife of Amos Kreider, of Petersburg ; John B., a retired farmer of Penn town- ship ; Annie, wife of Henry Hostetter, of Manheim township; and Jacob B., a resident. of Illinois. Abraham B. Huber, whose name appears above, was bom March 18, 1834, in Leacock township, where he was reared to the age of fifteen years. when he came with his parents to Manheim town- ship, where his home has continued to the present time. His education was received in the common schools, and when he was twenty-four years of age he began farming for himself, taking a part of his father's farm, which was his home as long as he was in active work. Another farm, of ninety-four acres was rented by him, which added to his own seventy- two acres made a field large enough for his strength and enthusiasm, in 1881 he purchased a farm of seventy-one acres just north of Nefifsville, from which he has sold some twenty acres for building lots. About 1884 he purchased a mill property with six acres of ground at Rome in Warwick township. The mill was destroyed by fire the second year he owned the .place, and it was at once'rebuilt with a complete roller process. A son of Mr. Huber, John K., operates it, and is becoming known as a very capable Tnillman. Mr. Huber has been a progressive and public-spirited man of the county, and was an organizer and one of the first directors of the Fulton Bank of Lancaster county, a position he still holds. For six years he was auditor of the township, and for the same length of time was school director. He was one of the organizers of the Manheim-Neflfsville Mutual Fire Insurance Company, and has always given a willing ear to any proposition that looked to the public good. Abraham B. Huber was married Oct. 13, 1857, to Miss Esther, a daughter of Benjamin and Elizabeth (Brubaker) Kreider, who was born in West Lam- peter township, Feb. 11, 1837. Mr. and Mrs. Huber are the parents of the following children : Benjamin K., a farmer in Manheim township, married Miss Lizzie Grossman, and has eight children, Fannie, Laura, Ammon, Ella, Ada, Graybill, Melvin and Susie ; John K., a miller at Rome, married Lizzie Hartman, and is the father of seven children : Katie, Hettie, Lizzie, Abraham, Samuel, John and Elmer; Abraham, a farmer in Manheim township, married Fannie Landis, and has five children: Landis, Esther, Fannie, Clayton and Abraham ; Lizzie mar- ried Amos Rohrer, a farmer of East Hempfield town- ship, and has four children: Annie, Enos, Daniel and Esther ; Fannie married David Herr, a farmer of Lancaster township, and has two children: Het- tie and Fannie, and Mary married Jonas Harnish, a farmer of Pequea township, and has two children r Lloyd and Huber. Mr. and Mrs. Huber with the most of their family are members of the Mennonite Church. Mr. Huber retired from active life in 1892, to a pleasant home in Nefifsville, where he is enjoying the fruit of industrious years. LEVI F. CHARLES, a general farmer of Manor township, Lancaster county, whose entire life has been passed in the community in which he now re- sides, was born on the old family homestead three miles northwest of Millersville, Oct. 2, 1854. He was reared on his native place and he acquired his education in the district schools of the neighbor- hood, applying himself assiduously to his studies. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ■148S however, and thus he obtained a good education. He remained at home until he was twenty-seven when he began farming for himself on a part of the home farm. He now owns fifty-three acres, which he devotes to general farming. His fields present a most attractive appearance, and plainly show their owner to be a practical and progressive farmer, fully alive to the principles of up-to-date agriculture. On Oct. 27, 1881, Mr. Charles was united in marriage with Miss Lydia Buckwalter, daughter of John Buckwalter, of Conestdga township, Lan- caster county. Seven children have come tto bless their home: Lizzie B., Howard B., Chris- tian B., Edith B. and Harry T. (twins), M. Clara and Lee B. Both Mr. and Mrs. Charles are earnest members of the Old Mennonite Church, and are highly esteemed in the county, where their en- tire lives have been passed. JAMES HUNTER, a general farmer and rep- resentative citizen, of Lancaster county, now a resi- dent of Sadsbury township, was born in County Derry, Ireland, in February, 1831, a son of James and Eliza (Devlin) Hunter, both natives of Ireland, where their lives were spent. For many years James Hunter was the sexton of the Presbyterian Church, his death occurring in 1881, at the age of seventy years, the mother surviving until 1889, dying at the age of seventy-five years. The children born to James Hunter and wife were: William, deceased in Carbon county. Pa. ; James ; Henry, who died in Australia; Mary, widow of Robert McMichael, of Carbon county; Lizzie, who married John Park, and lives in Ireland; John, in Australia; Rebecca married to John Fisher, and living in Australia; and Samuel, who is employed by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, in Lancaster. Until the age of eight years James Hunter lived with his parents in Ireland, working for his father and neighboring farmers. On June i, 1854, he landed in Castle Garden, New York, having spent forty-two davs on a sailing vessel from the old country. One month was spent in the great me- tropolis, and then he found his way to Summit Hill, Carbon Co., Pa., and spent four years in a Pennsyl- vania coal mine, going then into Lehigh county for one year, and to Montgomery county, in 1859. Here for twenty years he worked in a foundry, and it was not until 1879 that he settled on his present farm of sixty -three acres, in Lancaster county, and began an agricultural life. Since that time, Mr. Hunter has been successfully operating his farm, and shows little the effects of advancing age. His life has been one of constant industry, and he and his most es- timable wife are now able to enjoy the fruits of for- mer efforts. . . In Mav 1861, Tames Hunter was married m Montgomery countv, Pa., to Mrs. Sally (Wentzel) Heffenfinger, and the children born to this union were- Ruth, who died at the age of five years; Eliza, who married Whitson Pickel, a casket maker in York county. Pa., and has two children; and Sally M., who married Morrison Helton, a plumber, in Gap, Pa., and has one child. Mrs. Hunter was born at Fox Hill, Montgomery county, Pa., on Jan. 20, 1833, a daughter of Henry and Lizzie (Gresh) Wentzel, of Montgomery coun^ ty, all of the family being born in the same locality, near Pottstown, Pa. Mr. Wentzel was a farmer and also a' tailor and he died in 1876, at the age of seven- ty-five years ; and his wife died in 1887, at the age of eighty-four. Both were consistent and worthy members of the Lutheran Church. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Wentzel were : Jeremiah, de- ceased, was a soldier; Samuel died in 1898; Henry was killed at the close of the war ; Augustus died in 1899; F.phraim made his home in the West; Lydia is the widow of Jacob Swenck ; Sally is Mrs. Hun- ter; Mary married William Bryan, now retired, of Boyerstown, Pa. ; Malinda married Benjamin Clem- mor, of Illinois; Elizabeth lives unmarried in Illi- nois; and John is in the tobacco business in Potts- town. The first marriage of Mrs. Hunter was to Isaac Heffenfinger, and the children of this union were: Emma, who is the widow of Isaac Tompkins, near Philadelphia; Forest, a resident of Philadelphia; Walton, also a resident of Philadelphia ; Milton, de- ceased; Malinda, a widow living in Philadelphia; Sally, deceased ; and Chestina, deceased. Mr. Hef- fenfinger was a son of George Heffenfinger, of Mont- gomery county, and died at the age of thirty years. Mr. Hunter was reared in the Presbyterian be- lief, but is liberal minded enough to see good in all creeds, and has joined no church. Fraternally he is connected with the I. O. O F., and in politics is an active member of the Republican party. Although Mr. Hunter has toiled all his life, he has found time to keep abreast of the world's progress and is one of the most intelligent and well-informed citizens of his township, where he commands the respect and esteem of all who know him. DANIEL BOOK. The Book family is one of the representative ones of Lancaster county, and its numerous descendants have been scattered over many States of the Union. The paternal ancestor was Michael Book, who founded the family in Lan- caster county, coming here from his home in Ger- many ; he married and reared a family, three of his sons having been : David, of West Lampeter town- ship ; John, who removed to Juniata county. Pa. ; and Samuel, who went to Maytown. Michael Book settled in the vicinity of Strasburg, and his remains lie in the old cemetery there. David Book was born Nov. 2, 1771, and he mar- ried the youngest daughter of Adam and Catherine (Hooke) Hooke, who bore her mother's name and was born in May, 1769. These dates carry us back to historic days, and it would be most interesting to record the experiences of this large family through those troubled times in the struggling colonies. A ,1484 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY family of ten children were born, of whom little is known but their names and the fact that they reared families of their own which are among the most re- spected in their various localities. These children were: Daniel, David, Catherine, Mary, Elizabeth, John, George, Adam, Michael, and Magdalena. The father lived to be almost eighty years old ; his wife passed away on July lo, 1831. David Book owned a farm of twenty acres at the time of his de- cease, his life having been mainly spent in Strasburg. Daniel Book, the son of David Book, was born Feb. 10, 1793, in Strasburg, where he learned the trade of shoemaker, but later turned his attention to farming, at first operating a farm on shares in East Lampeter township but in 1835 he purchased seven- ty-five acres of land in West Lampeter, which is the land now owned and operated by Daniel Book, of this sketch. Upon this place he carried on farming until about 1854 when he purchased a tract of some twenty-four acres, in Strasburg township to which he removed and there spent his last days, dying Nov. 10, 1870, at the age of seventy-seven yeairs and nine months. His life had been successful, as he was a frugal, hard-working man who made his own way in the world by honesty and industry, and died a val- ued member of the Old Mennonite Church. Daniel Book was twice married, the first time to Christianna Neff, the daughter of Henry and Bar- bara Neff, who was born in East Lampeter town- ship, July 30, 1792, and died Sept. 4, 1 831, at the early age of thirty-nine years, having been the mother of four children : Samuel, who became a farmer of considerable prominence and owned two good farms in Providence township, was aged fifty- nine years at the time of death, and left a wife and eleven children; Daniel, of this sketch; Mary, de- ceased, who married John Miller, also deceased, and ieft a family of children ; and David, who resides in Dauphin county. Pa., nine miles from Harrisburg, the capital, where he conducts a large farm. For his second wife, Daniel Book married Anna Hirsh, but from this marriage there was no issue. Daniel Book, the subject of this biography, was born Feb. 20, 1828, and was brought up on the farm, working during the summers and attending school ■during the winters, rernaining under his parents' care until he was eighteen years old, at which time he decided to learn the carpenter trade and followed it for the succeeding seven years and then again turned his attention to farming. The father was advancing in years and Daniel came home to take charge of the land, working it on shares for several years, but in i860, he purchased it from his father and since then has remained there, adding at one time a tract of two acres, and at an- other a desirable seven-acre tract; upon this last purchase he is now living. Immediately upon secur- ing possession of the home place, the young man began to improve it, put various plans into operation, erected substantial and attractive buildings and made it one of the most desirable homes in the locality. In 1890 he removed to the present place, which ad- joins the old homestead, and lives a life of ease while his son assumes the active cares of the farming operations. Daniel Book has been one of the suc- cessful agriculturists of the township, and has been noted for his liberal interest in everything which has promised to benefit his home section. The marriage of Daniel Book occurred Nov. 7, 1856, to Maria Leaman, a daughter of Abraham Leaman, who was born in East Lampeter townshipj Nov. I, 1834, and Virho died Jari. 9, 1870, the mother of five children : Christie, residing at home ; Abra- ham, who married Lizzie Haverstick, and farms on the home place; Amanda, who married Christian Herr of West Lampeter township; David; Mary, who married L,andis B. Herr, of Lancaster town- ship. His secoiid marriage took place on Oct. 7, 1875, to Susan Landis, a daughter of Abraham and Catherine Landis, born Aug. 25, 1834; both he and wife are valued members of the Old Mennonite Church. The Neil family was an old and prominent one of East Lampeter township, grandfather Henry Neff being well and favorably known by his con- temporaries; he was born Sept. 17, 1754, and on Feb. I, 1778, he married Barbara Funk, who was born July 9, 1760. Henry Neff was a farmer and owned several fine pieces of property, dying in 1833, his wife surviving ten years. They reared a fam- ily of fourteen children: Martin, born in 1778; Annie, 1780 ; Henry, 1782 ; Christian, 1783 ; Esther, 1787; Elizabeth, 1789; Barbara, 1790; Martin (2) 1785; Christianna, 1792; John, 1795; Magdalena, 1797; Francis, 1800; Catherine, 1802; and Mary, 1804. Many members of this family reared very large families and were noted for their longevity, as well as for their estimable lives and their records for good citizenship. Daniel Book has done much for the advancement of agricultural ideas in his locality, being a firm be- liever in the policy of putting land into excellent shape and maintaining this condition. His holdings are large, as he is the possessor of a small property m Lampeter, and one of 169 acres in East Drumore township, near Quarryville, which he has improved with a new residence. His name carries with it the confidence of the public both in private and public life, and it can truthfully be said that he is one of the very best representative citizens of West Lampeter township. JACOB H. HEIDLEBACH, a substantial farm- er of Pequea township, this county, is now living on the farm on which he was born, a residence cover- mg a period of more than three score years; the home of his childhood days, of his mature years and on into hfe's evening. How many recollections must cluster about the old farm ! Mr. Heidlebach is of the third generation of his paternal line in this country and locality. Jacob Heidlebach, his grandfather, emigrated from Swit- BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1485 zerland to the Li^nited States near the middle of the eighteenth century, but little is now definitely known as to his own history or that of his family. A son, Henry Heidlebach, the father of our subject, was born one mile west of the old farm alluded to in the foregoing ; in his early manhood he was employed in teaming, transporting by wagon from his locality merchandise to and from the cities of Philadelphia, Pa., Wilmington, Del., and Pittsburg, Pa. Being industrious, frugal and a good manager, as time passed he saved his earnings and finally became the owner of the farm on which his son, Jacob H., now resides, it being his first landed possession. There he lived occupied in agricultural pursuits until 1861, in which year he retired from active farm work and located in West Willow. In 1876 he returned to the old farm, passing there the evening of his life with his son, and there his death occurred in 1881, at the age of seventy-nine years. He was a plain unassuming man of industrious habits, kindly dis- posed and held the esteem and respect of his fellow- men. He was twice married, marrying first Anna Hess, who died in 1846 ; and ten years later he mar- ried Mary Kendig, who is also deceased. To the first marriage were born children as follows : Jacob H. ; Henry, a farmer living in Drumore township ; Fan- nie, married to Abram Miller; Sarah, married to Frank Breneman of Rawlinsville ; and Annie, the wife of Joseph Etter, a farmer of Montgomery county, Ohio. Jacob H. Heidlebach, our subject, was born Feb. 25, 1838, in what was then Conestoga township, now Pequea. He was reared to farm labor and enjoyed the privileges for obtaining an education customary to the sons of the general farmer of that period, at- tendance at the neighboring district school through the winter months. By giving close attention to his daily duties, saving a little eadi year as time passed, he was enabled to get a footing in life, and has since by care and good management prospered and to- day is one of the well-to-do farmers and substantial men of his township. In 1871 he acquired his first land, partly by purchase and partly through inherit- ance. This' was his present farm of ii3>4 acres and upon it he erected a substantial brick residence. The improvements in general Mr. Heidlebach has made himself and they are good. He has been a man of enterprise and public spirit, progressive in all things. A man of good judgment, painstaking and careful, he has been selected a number of times by his fel- low townsmen to share in transacting the public business of the township. For eight years he served as supervisor of elections; for ten years, as town- ship auditor and for twelve years, as school director. His political affiliations are with the Republican party. He is a straightforward, upright man and commands the esteem of the community. _ On Dec. 12, 1861, Mr. Heidlebach was married to Barbara, daughter of Abram Hoover, and the union has been blessed with children as follows : Martha Ann. Emeline, Milton S., Charles H., and Jacob, all deceased ; Ida, the wife of Eli Eshleman, residing on the home farm ; John F. a soldier in the United States service, now in the Philippines. He enlisted April 5, 1899, and rose from the ranks to his present position, that of lieutenant in Co. H, ist Marines. EPHRAIM H. HERSHEY, a substantial citi- zen of Millersville who has only recently retired from a long active agricultural life, a calling in which his father and grandfather before him achieved suc- cess, has attained high rank among the farmers of this county. Born Dec. 12, 1834, in Manor township, Mr. Hershey is the son of Joseph Hershey (2) and Bar- bara Hostetter, and the grandson of Joseph and Esther (Hostetter) Hershey, all natives of the same locality. The grandfather was born in Manor town- ship and there passed his life in agricultural pur- suits, in which he was quite extensively engaged. He and his wife were identified with the Mennonite Church and reared their five children in that faith. He died in 1831, when upward of sixty years of age, and she passed away in 1853. Their children were; Benjamin, who moved to the State of Iowa in 1852, had a large stock ranch, was engaged extensively in the manufacturing of lumber, became wealthy and there died; John, also now deceased, an extensive farmer in Manor township ; Joseph (2) ; Magdalena, married to Jacob Hoover, of York county, this state ; and (!!atherine, who died unmarried. Joseph Hershey (2), the father of our subject, was born in 1808 in Manor township. He married Barbara, daughter of the Rev. Jacob Hostetter of Manheim, this county. She was born in 181 1 and has attained the advanced age of over ninety years. Jo- seph Hershey (2) was a farmer of Manor township> thrifty and industrious, and a good citizen. Him- self and his estimable wife were members of the Mennonite Church. He died in 1855. Their chil- dren were: Benjamin, unmarried, who resided in Manor township and there died when sixty-two years of age; Ephraim, our subject; Esther, who is the wife of Reuben Kaufifman and resides in Manor township ; Anna, deceased wife of Robert Knox ; Joseph, a farmer and dealer in agricultural imple- ments at North Platte, Nebraska. Ephraim H. Hershey was reared on the old home farm in Manor township, and his boyhood' was passed in the usual manner of farmers' sons, alternat- ing in season between work on the farm and attend- ance at the district school. At the age of twenty- one he began farming on his own account on the home place, and for the long period of forty years continued to reside upon the place, engaged in gene- ral farming. In 1896 he retired from active business life and erected a neat, comfortable house in Millers- ville, where he is quietly passing the evening of life. Through life Mr. Hershey has been industrious, enterprising and progressive; he has ever .taken a deep interest in all matters pertaining to the advance- 1486 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ment of his town and county. He is a member of the Mennonite Church. Mr. Hershey is the owner of a well-improved farm of 117 acres. On May 2, i86r, Mr. Hershey was married to Harriet, daughter of Joseph Shindle, now deceased, of Manor township. She died in 1887, aged forty- six years. Two children blessed this union, Emma and Joseph, the latter a farmer of Manor township. SAMUEL M. HUBER, extensively engaged in the tinsmith, roofing, plumbing, steam and hot water heating business at Lititz, is one of the wide awake, progressive men of the town, and bears an enviable reputation for thrift and public-spiritedness. He was born in Warwick, Pa., Dec. 9, 1870, a son of John and Susan (Weidler) Huber. At the age of seventeen years Mr. Huber dis- continued attendance at the public schools and en- tered upon an apprenticeship as a tinsmith under J. A. Miksch, of Lititz, in the same building in which he IS now engaged in business. After completing his trade Mr. Huber sought to broaden his opportunities by taking a course in plumbing at the New York trade school, after which he worked as a journeyman at Oxford, Chester county. Pa., for two years. He then returned to Lititz and worked for his brother for seven years, after which he bought out the busi- ness of Mr. Miksch, his erstwhile instructor in the tinsmith trade. The wisdom of this departure has been repeatedly demonstrated in the meantime, for Mr. Huber has won the confidence of the community in which he lives, and not only has the local trade, but is known and patronized for many miles around. He is affable, obliging, and thoroughly conversant with his many sided occupation, and his industry and application have brought in fair financial re- turns. On Oct. 15, 1894, Mr. Huber was united in mar- riage with Catherine Haisch, daughter of Christian and Emma (Deim) Haisch, and who is a native of Lititz. Four children have been born of this union, of whom two are deceased, and the two living are called Winifred and Herbert. Mr. and Mrs. Huber are members and earnest workers in the Moravian Church. Mr. Huber is very active in political under- takings of his neighborhood, and invariably adheres to the tenets of the Republican party. He has held offices of importance within the gift of his fellow townsmen, including that of burgess of Lititz. He is fraternally associated with the Knights of Pythias of Lititz, and is well known in social and business circles. HIRAM STONER YOUNG is regarded as one of the most progressive men of his section of Lan- caster county, where he is well known, and the circle of his acquaintanceship also extends into York coun- ty, where he has held business interests for some years. Mr. Young was born Jan. 27, 1852, at Central Manor, this county, son of Benjamin and Elizabeth (Stoner) Young. He was reared in the locality of his birthplace, received his education in the com- mon schools, and while yet a boy began to learn carpentry with his father, who was a carpenter and contractor. Until 1876 he was thus engaged with his father, for whom he then farmed for two years, after which he took charge of the Blue Rock Mills, located on the Susquehanna about a mile south of Washington borough, where he has ever since re- mained. He was only a renter during the first ten years, but at the end of that time purchased the prop- erty, which he yet owns. As his patronage has in- creased and the demands of his custom have war- ranted it he has increased his facilities and made numerous improvements, putting in new boilers and engines, and equipping the mills with the roller pro- cess. Mr. Young carries on flour and grist milling, having both a merchant and custom trade, and his plant has a capacity of twenty-five barrels daily. However, though milling has been his principal business, he has not given all his time and attention to that line. He also handles hay and grain, and owns and conducts a coal yard in York county op- posite his mill, which he established in 1897. The same year he opened a transportation line between his mill and York county, the landing being at the foot of Long Level, in York county, opposite the mill. A steamboat carries anything that is to be trans- ported. The statement that Mr. Young is progres- sive needs no further support than the record of his business life. All his enterprises have been success- ful in the most desirable way — while bringing him profit, they have been of benefit to his fellowmen, who have appreciated fully the advantage of having so energetic a man in their midst. Though he is thoroughly public-spirited, he takes little part in public affairs. His political support is given to the Democratic party. In 1883 Mr. Young married Miss Alice Eichle- berger, of Mechanicsburg, Cumberland Co., Pa., daughter of Amos Eichleberger, and they are the parents of three children, Samuel M., J. Russell and Marie M. Airs. Young is a member of the Luth- eran Church. R. R. BITZER. The coal and lumber business in Ephrata, Lancaster county, is in the hands of en- ergetic and progressive men who have done much for the advancement of the borough along their lines. One of these dealers is R. R. Bitzer, who was born March 19, iS.^r, a son of Daniel and Lydia (Resler) Bitzer, of West Earl township. Grandfather Mich- ael Bitzer was a prominent farmer of West Earl township and a highly respected citizen. Daniel Bitzer, father of R. R. Bitzer was born Oct. II, 1794, married Lydia Resler Dec. 25, 1825, and died Dec. 15, 1853, his wife being born in 1797 and surviving until Dec, 1867. To them a family of six children was born : Mary, born Aug. 25, 18^9, died Jan. 25, 1850 : R. R. ; Julia Ann, born Oct. 5, 1834, who married George Melison, of Lebanon BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1487 county, and died in 1898; Matilda, born Oct. 19, 1836, died May 11, 1837; Martin, born Aug. i, 1838, who married Lydia Buck, of West Earl township ; and Daniel R., born Sept. 16, 1840, died Auer. 3, i860. R. R. Eitzer was reared on a farm and educated in the public schools, and for some fifteen years he followed agricultural pursuits, at the end of which time he moved into the borough of Ephrata and opened up a lumber business which he has success- fully pursued for the past thirty years ; although he has seen seventy birthdays, he is still a capable and energetic man of business, trusted and respected throughout the neighborhood. During his younger years he served as prison inspector for a long season, was supervisor of roads, and has been school di- rector in both West Earl and Ephrata townships. In 1863, he was elected justice of the peace, serving with credit for five years, when he resigned the po- sition. On Feb. 25, 1858, Mr. Bitzer was united in wed- lock with Miss Fianna Fasnacht, a daughter of Amos and Lucy (Killiam) Fasnacht, of Ephrata township, and these children have been born to them : Alice, born Jan. 8, 1859, who died in infancy ; Daniel, born June 19, 1862, deceased ; Jacob and Ella, twins, born Nov. 10, 1865, the former of whom is dead, the lat- ter the wife of Charles Leimbach ; and Clara, born Feb. ID, 1868. who married Dr. Frank Winger, a druggist of Ephrata. Mr. Bitzer and his estimable wife live in great comfort in their handsome home at 118 East Main street, Ephrata, where they delight to show hospi- tality and are beloved and respected by all who know them. JOSEPH H. HABECKER, a general farmer, contractor and owner of a valuable stone quarry, is one of the leading citizens of East Donegal town- ship. He was born at Rohrerstown,, East Hemp- field township. Aug. 19, 1855, a son of Christian and Elizabeth (Habecker) Habecker, of Manor town- ship. The father died on the old farm m 1859, at the age of thirty, but the mother still survives, livmg on the old homestead, at the age of seventy-five. Her two sons are: Christian, who manages the old farm ; and Joseph H. The old pioneer settler of this family was named Christian, and, coming to America, purchased land from W'illiam Penn. . Joseph H. Habecker had the usual rearing of a farmer bov, and attended the district schools, re- maining with his mother until the age of twenty- one Then he purchased a coal and lumber yard, from Slacks & Meyers, of Florin, Pa., which he operated successfully until 1882, and then sold the business. For four years Mr. Habecker enjoyed a private life, but in 1886 he again returned to business and located on his present farm, where he remained engaged in agricultural pursuits for six years. Mov- in| into Mt. Joy, he operated the Farmers Creamery Co., for two years, having been one of its organizers, but was .then confronted by the necessity of either bringing his children up in town and resigning his farm, or of resigning his connection with the com- pany, and for the sake of what he considered better for the children, he chose the latter and returned to East Donegal. Although another manager now con- ducts the business of the creamery, he still retains his stock in it, which is valuable. For three years Mr. Habecker was the acceptable auditor of the township, and has been a very earnest school director for the past two years. The first marriage of Mr. Habecker was in the spring of 1877, in Mt. Joy, to Tillie Nissley, and two children were born to this marriage: Anna, who married Reuben Fellenbaum, the teller in the First National Bank, of Mt. Joy ; and Bessie, who is de- ceased. Mrs. Habecker, jjorn in Florin, a daughter of Jacob H. Nissley, a retired farmer of Florin, died in 1882, and is buried in Kraybill cemetery. _ In 1883 occurred the second marriage, which united Mr. Habecker aJid Mary Hostetter, and to this mar- riage have been born six children:. Sadie, Mary A., Joseph, Barbara, Helen and Floren. Mrs. Mary (Hostetter) Habecker is a daughter of Jonas, and a sister of Tilman, Hostetter, of Florin. Mr. Habecker is well known in this locality as a man of means, and of the highest personal in- tegrity. His political connection is with the Re- publican party, and the family belong to the Men- nonite faith. The name is one of the oldest in the county and it finds a worthy representative in Joseph H. Habecker. JOHN JOHNSON. It is in a great country like this where democratic ideas prevail, and where men have equal chances in building foundations for character and fortune, that we find men enjoying credit and confidence for individual success. It may be as a merchant, as a professional man, or as a farm- er. In the administration of those who have watched their careers there is no distinction. The race, handicapped as it is by competition and many obstacles, is run under very nearly the same difficul- ties and similar disappointments in life for all. In this brief sketch we are bringing to notice a man whose life has been modest and unassuming in measure with his success as a contractor and builder and farmer. John Johnson, of Eden township, Lan- caster county, was born in Bart township, Dec. 17, 1840, a son of William and Mary (Haggens) Johnson. William Johnson, our subject's father, was born in Delaware county, and his wife was a native of Lancaster county. He was a stone mason by trade, and settled in Bart and Eden townships, where he followed his trade during his life. He was honored as a successful man of sturdy character. Both he and his wife died some years ago in Eden township. To this couple a family of four children were born, and carefully brought up to manhood and woman- 1488 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY hood : Barbara, the eldest, born in Bart township, is now the wife of H. Hompser, of Lancaster City, and she has five children, John, David, Benjamin, Mary and Ida. Elizabeth, born in Bart township, is now the wife of Henry Myers, and has three chil- dren, John, William and Mary. Hannah, the third daughter was born in Lancaster county, and is the widow of David Hompser; she resides in Eden township. No children were born to the union. John completes the family. William Johnson had a brother, who was born in Bart township, learned the carpenter trade when a young man, and is still engaged in that branch of business in Eden township. He was never married. The subject of our sketch began life's activities at the age of eighteen after due preparation in the district schools. Natural talents and a taste for work that might afford plenty of out-door exercise attracted him toward the vocation of contractor and builder. It was only through thorough training as a practical carpenter, however, that he acquired the proficiency and knowledge necessary to make his after-life a success. During his many years experi- ence as a contractor and builder Mr. Johnson has been engaged in some very important work. In 1863 he went to Columbus, Ohio, where he remained for three years on a large contract. Returning to his home in Pennsylvania he continued his business. In 1867 he married Miss Catherine Keen, who was born in 1843, and was educated in the home schools, and who is very highly connected, her parents being Harry and Julia Keen, members on both sides of very prominent families. After their marriage Mr. Johnson with his young wife settled in Strasburg township, where he lived over twenty years follow- ing his trade. In 1900 his wife purchased her father's old homestead, and under the direction and experi- enced touch of our subject the place was greatly im- proved, and now makes them an attractive home. Mr. Johnson still owns his farm in Strasburg town- ship. An adopted daughter, Luletia Johnson, bright- ens their home ; she is a young lady of scholarly at- tainments and attractive personality. The social side of the life of Mr. Johnson has not been neglected during the many years of business activity. Both he and his wife take a lively interest in church work, being members of the Reformed Church of Providence. Politically he has always been identified with the Democratic party, and he has taken an active interest in local afifairs. As a family the Johnsons have occupied a prominent place in the community, where they are highly respected for their many virtues of head and heart. MICHAEL KELLY (deceased). For a num- ber of years one of the best-known and most highly esteemed residents of Lancaster county was Michael Kelly, who through his own efforts built up his own fortunes, and reared in affluence one of the most respected families in the city of Lancaster at the present time. Mr. Kelly was of Irish birth and parentage. His native place was in County Derry, for which through life he felt an enthusiastic affection, and his death took place in his home in Lancaster, in 1861, in his sixty-seventh year. He was a son of Michael and Catherine (He'ron) Kelly, both of whom spent their whole lives in Ireland. Their children were as fol- lows: Michael, named above; James; Daniel; John ; Bridget, who married Frank Hagan, a farm- er ; Catherine, who m.arried a Mr. Kelly ; and Pat- rick, who married Catherine Duffey. All died in their native land with the exception of Patrick and Michael. While in their native land the early Kellys are well known in many walks of life, the maternal ancestors are equally prominent in America. As early as 1638 the great-grandfather of Michael Kelly came from England to America, and in the person of Mordecai Lincoln, established that family in Berks county, Pa. From Berks county one branch of the Lincoln family drifted to Virginia and then to Kentucky, and from this family came Presi- dent Abraham Lincoln. During its early history when Indian fighters were needed, and when the war of the Revolution was to be accomplished, the Lin- colns were found at the front. Daniel Boone, the pioneer, was born in Exeter township, Berks county, and was a neighbor of the Lincolns. He drifted to North Carolina, and then to Kentucky. The Lin- colns and Boones intermarried, and are still among the most prominent families of Berks county. Until he reached his eighteenth year, Michael Kelly remained with his parents in Ireland, coming then to America, resolved to win for himself an honorable position in this country of great oppor- tunities. His education had not been neglected, and being blessed with the quick intelligence of his race, he soon accustomed himself to new conditions, and with receptive mind early took a place among the intelligent young men of his association. For four years he was engaged working with farmers, but he then purchased a horse and wagon, laid in a stock of desirable merchandise, and for some time drove through the country disposing of the same. In this way he gradually added to his accumulations until he was able to give up that business and begin work as a drover, in which line his excellent judgment and business acumen made him prominent. For a num- ber of years Mr. Kelly followed this business, retir- ing only in his later years from activity, even then being sometimes tempted to enter into the horse business again for a short period. Shortly after his marriage, Mr. Kelly located in Lancaster county, settling in Churchtown at first, but about one year later, he removed to Lancaster City. While carrying on his horse and cattle buying and seUing, Mr. Kelly acquired several very valuable properties, one of these being a farm of 140 acres, and another consisting of 250 acres in Drumore township, this county. Long a consistent mem- ber of St. Mary's Catholic Church, he was one BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1489 of its most liberal supporters. He was also generous in his gifts to worthy causes, and his helping hand was often extended to those less fortunate than him- self. In politics he was a Democrat, but was no seek- er for office. Mr. Kelly was a very intelligent man, and his last years were spent in the enjoyment of reading. His memory is not only cherished by his family, but is recalled with respect by his fellow- citizens. On April 15, 1830, Mr. Kelly was united in mar- riage with Miss Catherine McCormick, and the chil- dren born to this union were as follows : James, a retired resident of Lancaster, one of its intellectual men of leisure ; Hugh, who died young ; Miss Cath- erine, one of the accomplished and cultivated ladies of this city ; Anastasia, who died unmarried in 1874: and Michael and Mary, who both died young. Mrs. Catherine (McCormick) Kelly was born in Churchtown, Lancaster Co., Pa., April 10, 1803, a daughter of Hugh and Mary (Schoff)' McCormick, the former of whom was born in County Fermanagh, Ireland, and the latter in Berks county. Pa. Hugh McCormick was a farmer and also was a tailor. He left his native country in the days of the Irish Re- bellion after a very exciting escape with his life. He was unfortunate enough to be captured by the soldiery and was condemned to be shot. No doubt the sentence would soon have been carried out, but in desperation he made the certain signal of distress used by a fraternal order to which he belonged. This was recognized by a brother among his captors and resulted in his escape. He settled in Church- town, Lancaster county, where he married, in 1800, and for a long period followed both farming and milling. He was a capable workman, but did little at his trade after coming to America. He lived to the advanced age of seventy-seven years, dying Aug. 23, 1847. His wife died in 1856, at the age of seventy-four vears. Their children were as follows : Thomas, who followed the tailor trade; Catherine, who was the wife of Michael Kelly; Philip, who was a farmer, and died in Indianapolis ; John, who also died in Indianapolis ; Ellen, who married John Hill, and died in Ohio ; Mary, wife of John Cond- bery ; and Hugh, who went to CaUfornia, in 1849, amassed wealth and died there. In their beautiful home, surrounded .by all of the comforts and refinements of life, the two surviv- ors of this familv, a brother and sister, reside to- gether Both have intellectual tastes, and are hap- pily able to gratify them to the fullest extent. Both are liberal contributors to all worthy objects and are most highly esteemed in Lancaster. CHRISTIAN M. ' EPLER. The horrors of war can never be brought more fully to mind than when the soldiers of a country, after bravely facmg the foe, return to the homes they have fought to preserve, and show the haggard countenance and useless limb, the roughened face and disfiguring scar which has brought them. Among those who 94 almost gave up life for the preservation of the Union, during the dark days of 1861-65, is Chris- tian M. Epler, who resides in his comfortable home, in Maytown, remembered by a grateful country and respected by the community who knew him when no arms were more brawny at the forge than his. Mr. Epler was born in East Donegal township. May 13, 1827, son of David and Elizabeth (Mum- ma) Epler, the former of Londonderry township, Dauphin county, and the latter of East Donegal township, Lancaster county. The father was a farmer in early life, and later became engaged in the butcher business, but died at the early age of forty years. He was buried in the old Epler farm in Londonderry township, Dauphin county. The mother died in East Donegal township, when her son. Christian M. was but thirteen months old, at the early age of twenty-eight, and was buried in the East Donegal cemetery. The only child of this marriage to survive was the subject of this biog- raphy. The paternal and maternal grandparents were David and Susan Epler, and Jonas and Eliz- abeth Mumma, respectively. Left motherless at the age of thirteen months. Christian M. Epler was taken to the home of his grandfather, Jonas Mumma, and remained in his kind care until he was twenty years old. When about eighteen he entered the blacksmith shop of William Winters, which was situated west of Florin, and remained with him for a period of eighteen months, until he thoroughly learned the trade, and then went on a trip to Ohio. Mr. Epler had the mis- fortune to cut oflf a finger while at work on the Little Chickies, and while it was healing worked at' the Bretz Half-way House, on the Marietta and Mount Joy turnpike, for some nine months, going from there to East Donegal where he worked eight months, with John Fridy. Going west in 1848, he worked in various places at his trade, and when the Civil war broke out, he was in Battle Creek, Mich., and there enlisted in the engineer-mechanics corps, for which he enlisted forty-two men for six months, : he to serve as company blacksmith. Before the ; term of enlistment had expired, the officers of the company sold out to the 13th Mich. V. I., which was to be a regiment of engineers and mechanics. Knowing the influence of Mr. Epler, he was offered a lieutenancy in the 13th, but not being willing to have any part in what he felt was a dishonorable act, he declined to accept, saying he preferred to remain a blacksmith and be honest, rather thah be a lieutenant and be dishonest. From Michigan Mr. Epler went to Ohio, and being still determined to serve his country he enlisted as regimental black- smith in Co. H, 42d Ohio V. I., and for three years honestly and faithfully served his country, and was mustered out of the service in the Mound City hospital in 1864. In a terrible wreck on the Ohio & Mississippi R. R., below Vicksburg, Mr. Epler was one of the victims. The enemy had pulled a spike out of 1490 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY place, which threw the train down the embankment, and Mr. Epier was one of the 300 who were seri- ously injured. His back was dislocated, and, in ter- rible sufifering, he was taken to the hospital at Cairo, in February, 1863, and kept there six months, going from there to another hospital, in Mound City, 111., where four months more went by, and still three months of hospital life had to be spent, in the Mercy Hospital, Chicago, before he was in any condition to take a thirty-days leave of absence and make a visit home. However, soon after he felt obliged to return to the Chicago hospital and then was passed on to Mound City, and then was sent to his regiment to get his pay. At this time science had assisted Mr. Epler, and he wore a harness arrangement, which enabled him to walk a very little, although the physicians were obliged to tell him the truth, that much walking might produce a paralysis, which finally did take place, and this brave and faithful server of his country, has been an invalid ever since. In March, 1850, Mr. Epler was married in Ashland county, Ohio, to Miss Jerusha Chambers, and to this union were born : David C. S. ; and James J. S., who died at the age of thirteen months. Prior to the war, Mr. Epler became a prominent man in several localities in which he made his home, and during a residence in Michigan, in 1856-57, he was supervisor and constable, and in Kansas, in i860, he also served as supervisor. In politics, he has been an active Republican, and did much for his party during his active life. At present he is an honored member of the G. A. R., of Marietta and one of the respected citizens. The death of Mrs. Epler in 1889, at the age of forty-eight, deprived him of pleasant companion- ship. She was buried in Western Kansas. Mr. Epler is surrounded with every comfort, although not able to assist himself very much, but in a cousin, Mrs. Susannah (Newcomer) Epler, he has had a faithful and efKcient nurse, and it is to her care that he attributes his recovery and his present state of health. For many years Mr. Epler has been con- nected with the M. E. Church. JOHN G. McBRIDE, one of the prominent and popular farmers of West Donegal township, whose industrious and useful life has been attended with a well-deserved success, was born in Mt. Joy town- ship, April 16, 1862. While he was a mere babe his father, Meredith B. McBride, son of John and Sarah (Metrum) McBride, donned the Union blue, and went out to fight for the life of the Republic. He en- listed under Capt. Root, in a company of Pennsyl- vania Volunteers, and after nine months of faithful service died in the military hospital at Alexandria. Va., in 1864, while still in the prime of life. Mrs. Meredith McBride, formerly Miss Fanny Grofif, was a daughter of Samuel and Martha (Keener) Groft', lifelong residents of Rapho township. After four years of widowhood, she was married May 28, 1868, to Philip Fisher, a most devoted husband to herself and kind father to her children. Mrs. Fisher was the mother of two children by her first mar- riage, John G., and Samuel, deceased. By her mar- riage to Mr. Fisher she had one son, William, long since deceased. John G. McBride remained with his mother dur- ing his childhood and youth, and was well prepared by moral training, good associations and a very thorough education for a successful business career. He has a good standing in his own communitv, was assessor of West Donegal township six years, has served as a member of the Democratic county com- mittee twelve years, and has twice been elected a delegate to the State conventions. Mr. McBride belongs to the I. O. O. F. ; the Masonic fraternity, where he has held the Master's chair, and the K. G. E. At the present time he has the active management of his step-father's exten- sive estate and is handling the business very success- fully. Intelligent and capable as he is, he commands the confidence of his neighbors and has many friends. JOSEPH C. SNYDER. During a period of forty-two years Mr. Snyder was employed in the court house at Lancaster, and no figure was more familiar than his to the attorneys whom professional duties brought frequently to the building. On the completion of the court house, in 1854, he was ap- pointed janitor, and served in that capacity for seven- teen years. Resigning in 1872, he accepted the po- sition of tipstaff which had been tendered him by Judge Livingston. In 1879 he succeeded George Albright as court crier, and continued in that po- sition until his death, meantime also acting as court interpreter and assistant librarian of the law library. The Snyders are an old family of Lancaster county, and the father of Joseph C. assisted in the building of Kugh's tavern on the Columbia turn- pike more than one hundred years ago. He was born on the home farm in Manor township, in 1816, and at the age of six years was taken in charge by an uncle, Squire Bitner, of Washington borough. Later he was apprenticed to another uncle, Thomas Straw- bridge, on a farm, but not finding the work or sur- roundings congenial, he turned his attention to the plasterer's trade, which he followed at Mount Joy and Elizabethtown, and from the latter city moved to Lancaster. While a resident of Mount Joy he joined a military company, of which he was later chosen captain, and he was also a member of the old Fencibles under Capts. Duchman and Franklin. He was the oldest surviving member of the Elizabeth- town Lodge of Odd Fellows, was connected with the Red Men and with Cochranville Lodge of Masons. Though not a partisan in politics, he was a pro- nounced Republican and always voted the straight ticket. A man of sincere religious views, he was identified, at different times, 'with the Methodist and Lutheran denominations, and when he passed BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1491 away, Aug. 28, 1899, it was with the faith of an earn- est Christian. His body was laid to rest in Wood- ward Hill cemetery. On the 4th of July, 1843, Mr. Snyder married Annie E. Wright, by whom he had tlie following- named children: Mrs. Henrietta Smith, deceased; and Mrs. Mary E. Nissley, deceased. Mrs. Annie B. Snyder died in 1864. His second marriage oc- curred Oct. 31, 1870, in Lancaster, and united him with Mrs. Annie (McElhenny) Freidenstein, who was born in Lampeter township, Aug. i, 1836, be- ing a daughter of Archibald and Kate (Long) McElhenny, natives, respectively, of Ireland and Lancaster county. Her father, who was a farmer, died at the age of forty-six, and was long survived by his widow, who died in Illinois in 1892, aged eighty-one years. Their children were as follows: Jacob, who died at twenty-five years of age ; Henry (i), Henry (2) and John, all of whom died in in- fancy : Mary, widow of Thomas Harvey and a resi- dent of Fayette county, 111. ; Mrs. Kate McCue, de- ceased ; Mrs. Annie Snyder, of Lancaster ; Samuel, a blacksmith in Fayette county. 111. ; Fannie, Mrs. Josiah Suavely, deceased; Susan and Harriet, both of whom died young. Miss Annie McElhenny re- mained in the home of her parents until her marriage to John Freidenstein, a blacksmith of Lancaster, Pa., who died in 1868, at the age of thirty-two years. Two daughters, Mary E. and Miriam, were born of this union, but both died in childhood. Mrs. Snyder is a lady of intelligence, amiable disposition and kindly heart, and has a circle of friends that is limited only by the number of her acquaintances. ABRAHAM SHAUB. Among the prominent and enterprising citizens of Manor township, Lan- caster Co., Pa., who have always devoted their time and energies to agricultural pursuits and have met with marked success in life, is the subject of this personal narrative, who now owns and operates a fine farm one and one-half miles north of Millers- ville. He was born on the old Shaub homestead in West Lampeter township, same county, March 23, 1842, a son of Henry and Elizabeth (Miller) Shaub. During his boyhood he attended school, and re- mained on the home farm until he was married in 1870 to Miss Marv Ann Huber, a daughter of Chris- tian and Annie (Harnish) Huber. They have seven children living, namely : Lizzie B., wife of Benjamin Mussleman, of East Hempfield ' township ; Henry R., John E., Mary E., Jacob M., and Christian N., twins, and Willis J., who are all at home. Laura Ann, the second child, died in infancy. With Mr. 'Shaub also resides a grandson. Christian H. Bru- After his marriage Mr. Shaub located on a farm in West Lampeter township, adjoining the old homestead, comprising eighty-seven acres of land, to the improvement and cultivation of which he de- voted his energies until 1884, when he purchased hiV present farm of seventy-eight acres m Manor township. This he has also placed under a high state of cultivation, and in its operation is meeting with most excellent success. Being a man of good busi- ness ability and sound judgment he has prospered in his undertakings, and is today a stockholder in the Farmers' National Bank of Lancaster and the Penn Building and Loan Association. For one year he was also a director in the Southern Market House, of which he is a stockholder. He is one of the most progressive and public-spirited men of his county. JAMES M. McSPARRAN. Among the lead- ing citizens and farmers of Drumore township is James M. McSparran, who resides in great com- fort on his fine farm, located two miles east of Fur- niss, Pennsylvania. Mr. McSparran was born Dec. 23, 1848, a son of the late Fleming and Mary Elizabeth (Pusey) McSparran, the former of whom was born in 1817, and died in T876. The McSparran family can be traced back to a Scotch-Irish ancestor, James Mc- Sparran, who was born in the north of Ireland and immigrated to America, settling in Lancaster county about 1739. James McSparran (2), the grandfather of James M., was born in Peach Bottom in 1754, married Eleanor Neal, and reared these children: James and Isabel, twins, born in 1801, the former of whom married Amelia F. McCullough, March 8, 1832, and died March 31, 1863, while Isabel married John King April 26, 1827, and died Dec. 14, 1871, leaving a daughter, Ellen, the wife of Dr. B. F. Sides of Drumore township ; Thomas Neal, born March 6, 1803, died March 28, 1820; Grizell, Oct. 31, 1804, who married Samuel Morrison, June 2, 1831, and died Dec. 31, 1S56; Eliza, Sept. 12, 1806, who mar- ried James Barnes, July 26, 1827, and died Oct. 5, 1853 ; John, July 5, 1808, who died in 1885 ; Eleanor J., Feb. 15, 1810, who married her brother-in-law, James Barnes; Rachel N., Feb. 4, 1812, who died Aug. 28, 18T9; Margaret, Dec. 8, 1813, who mar- ried William Steele and died May 27, 1866 ; Samuel, Nov. 20, 1815, who was accidentally shot by his brother James, Feb. 18, 1837; Fleming, Sept. 12, 1817, died March 20, 1876 ; Thomas N. and William, twins, Nov. 10, 1820, still surviving, in York county. Pa., the former of whom married Lydia Pusey, and the latter Alice Colwell ; Joseph, June 26, 1823, who died July 24, 1834 ; Rachel, March 7, 1827, residing at Chestnut Level. She was the youngest and is one of the few survivors of this numerous family. Fleming McSparran was only ten years of age when his father died, and he was bound out to James Penny; by him he was apprenticed to Will- iam Eves, of Chester county, where he remained three years, learning the tanning business. Return- ing then to his home, he worked for a time with his brother James on the farm, but in 1838 he went to Illinois and followed farming there for one year, Tlie next year he engaged in boating on the Ohio 1492 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY and Mississippi rivers, returning later to his home by way of Pittsburg. In 1840 Mr. Fleming became associated with his friend, Amos Stubbs, in the lum- ber Inismess at Barnes' sawmill, on the Susque- hanna river, the site being now Benton Station, on the Columbia and Port Deposit Railroad. Two years later he was made tax collector for the district, and the duties of this office he efficiently performed. On March 15, 1845, he purchased a store property at Fairfield, the location of the present village of Furniss, and embarked extensively in the mercantile business, continuing until his death. Fleming McSparran was married to Miss Mary E. Puscy, who was a daughter of Mahlon Pusey, of Puseyville, and to this union these children were born: Emma H., born Oct. 3, 1847, the wife of David Weidley, a merchant at the old place, built in 1818, where her father was so long successful; James M. ; Lydia Ellen, born Jan. 21, 1850, the wife of Dr. E. M. Zell, of Little Britain township ; Edwin P., April 26, 1851, deceased; Samuel C, Oct. 28, 1852, residing in Fulton township ; Mary A., Nov. 27, 1854, deceased; Ida E., April 9, 1856, the wife of W. S. Hastings, of Drumore township; William F., Dec. 13, 1857; Marion, Sept. 19, 1859, living in Fairfield; Edgar L., June 18, 1861 ; Isabel K., June 16, 1863, a teacher in the schools of Philadelphia; Margaret, May 15, 1866, who died young; and Anna P., her twin sister, who also died young, as did the rest of the children. Fleming McSparran was a stanch supporter of the Democratic party and was one of the leading citizens of his time, a man of travel, good judgment and excellent business ability. James M. McSparran was reared at Fairfield and after finishing his course in the common schools took an academic course at Chestnut Level. He was one of a large family and was mainly dependent upon his own resources for his advancement in life. His fine farm of 100 acres is very valuable and most excellently improved, the residence being one of the most comfortable and attractive in the locality. Mr. McSparran was united in marriage Dec. 24, 1879. to Miss Laura Wentz, of Drumore town- ship, a daughter of John and Sarah (Penny) Wentz, who were of German extraction. She was born in 1833 and was reared in a family of children, as fol- lows : Mary, the wife of William Morrison ; Joseph, of Chestnut Level ; Dr. William, of New Providence ; Hugh and John, residents of Bethesda; Thomas, of Kirkwood ; Emma, deceased ; Laura, the wife of our subject : Harriet, who is the widow of John Mc- Comb. The children born to James M. McSparran and his wife are : G. Fleming, born Nov. 3, 1880 ; Wal- ter, Sept. 4, 1882 ; Ellwood, March 25, 1885 ; Clyde, Sept. 29, 1889 ; Sarah Elizabeth, May 8, 1895, died Sept. 12, 1897; and James M., Jr., Sept. 23, 1898. Mr. McSparran has always supported the men and measures of the Democratic party, and he is a leading member of the Presbyterian Church in Chestnut Level. His standing in his town and county is high, no one being more thoroughly re- spected. ADAM U. RANCK. The Ranck family has long been known and esteemed in Lancaster county, Adam Ranck, the paternal grandfather of Adam M. Ranck, having been among the early settlers, and the progenitor of a numerous family. Adam M. Ranck, who is one of the substantial and prominent farmers and dairymen of Upper Lea- cock township, was born in Leacock township, on a farm located about one mile east of his present home, Feb. 20, 1850. His parents were Rev. Adam and Barbara (Resh) lianck, the former a native of Strasburg and the latter. of Leacock township. Fa- ther Ranck was engaged in farming in that township until 1871 and then removed to Bird-in-Hand, re- mainmg there until his death, March 28, 1882, at the age of seventy-five years. The ihother passed out of life in May, 1895, at the age of eighty years, and both were buried at Stumptown. For a period of twenty years he had been a minister of the Men- nonite Church, a pious, exemplary Christian man. The children born to Rev. and Mrs. Adam Ranck were: Jacob, living retired on the old homestead, in Leacock township ; Mary, the widow of Benjamin Kreider, of Lancaster, Pa. ; Anna, the widow of Abram Kreider, of Manheim township ; Barbara, the widow of Thomas E. Seigle, of Leacock town- ship ; and Adam M., the subject of this sketch. Adam M. Ranck is justly considered one of the leading men of his township and his long continued agricultural labors have made him one of the most thorough farmers of the locality. When his father removed to Bird-in-Hand, he continued to manage the farm, which is one of the best cultivated and most productive in the vicinity. On Nov. 6, 1871, occurred the marriage of Adam M. Ranck and Miss Caroline Wenger, in West Earl township, and the children born to this union were : Samuel W., a farmer and stock dealer of Upper Lea- cock township, who married Frances Pfautz, and has two sons, John M. and Charles P.; Amos W., John W. and Adam W., all deceased ; Wenger W., a farmer and implement dealer, residing with his father ; Anna B. and Callie W., living at home. Mrs. Caroline (Wenger) Ranck was born in West Earl township. May 22, 1850, a daughter of Christian and Mary (Royer) Wenger, natives of West Earl and East Cocalico townships, respect- ively. J\lr. Wenger was a well-known farmer and died on the farm on which he was born, in 1886, at the age of seventy-five years, having lived a retired" life since 1875. Mrs. Wenger, although advanced in years, having been born in 1820, lives in good health with her daughter, Mrs. Gibble, in Brunnerville. Both she and her husband for many years were members and supporters of the Old Brethren Church. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Wenger were: Edward, a farmer of Ephrata township; Mary, the wife of BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1493 Ezra Burkholder, of Ephrata township; Salinda, deceased wife of Abram Myers ; Caroline ; Christian, a farmer, veterinary surgeon and owner of a livery business in Harvey county, Kans. ; Samuel, on the old homestead; Abraham, a cigar manufacturer, and ex-county auditor, of Earlville ; and Lizzie, the wife of Cyrus Gibble, a farmer of Brunnerville. The paternal grandparents were Christian and Hetty (Stoner) Wengef, of Lancaster county, and the maternal grandparents were Samuel and Sally (Kel- lar) Rohrer, also of Lancaster county. Since 1878 Mr. Ranck has been engaged in the dairy business and has two properties in his locality, his son residing on one of these, and he on the other. Mr. Ranck is connected with the River Brethren Church, known as the Brethren in Christ, and is favorably known through that part of the county. ABRAHAM W. MARTIN, a venerable resident of Caernarvon township, whose home is situated about a mile West of Chuxchtown, was born in East Earl township, near Goodville, March 12, 1832, a son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Weaver) Martin. Abraham Martin, the grandfather of Abraham W., was engaged in farming near Hinkletown, where he owned six farms, one being given to each of his six sons. He had also five daughters. These chil- dren, all born to his first wife, a Miss Saunders, who died in middle life, were : David, George, Jacob, Abraham, Jonas and Henry, all deceased ; Fannie, who married Samuel Wenger, a minister in the Mennonite Church; Elizabeth, married to John Rupp ; Eve, married to Henry Brenneman ; two daughters who died unmarried. The parents' of this family were both members of the Mennonite Church. Jacob Martin, the father of Abraham W., was born near Hinkletown but was reared in East Earl township, where he spent his life as a farmer. In this career he was quite successful, and owned three farms, giving one to each of his sons. Elizabeth Weaver, who became his wife, was a daughter of Samuel Weaver, of East Earl township. They had eight children. Samuel died in childhood ; Abraham W., whose name introduces this article, is one of the venerable inhabitants of Caernarvon township; Annie and Jacob both died in infancy ; Mary is the widow of Christian Zimmerman, and has her home in East Earl township; Amos is a farmer in Salis- burv township ; Tobias lives in East Earl township ; Elizabeth married Barton Hurst, and has since died. Jacob Martin died in 1873, at the age of seventy- seven; his widow died about 1885, at the age of eighty-two. Thev were both members of the Men- nonite Church. Abraham W. Martin was reared on the old farm north of Goodville, was educated in the common schools and at the age of twenty-four married and located on the farm, where he still lives. Here he owns seventv-three acres, and has one of the fine farms of that part of Lancaster county. Everything' denotes thrift and prosperity, and he has been very successful in all his undertakings. All his life he has been a farmer, and holds a farming life to be the noblest career a man can follow in this country. Mr. Martin was married in December, 1857, to Miss Rebecca Zimmerman, a daughter of Christian Zimmerman, the third of that name to occupy the Zimmerman homestead, north of Goodville. She was born on this historic farm, June 18, 1839. Mr. and Mrs. Martin have had the following children: ( I ) Lydia, who married David Lichty, of Paradise, is the mother of eight children ; Mary, Walter, Lena, Emma, Lydia, Clara, Abraham and Bessie. Of these children. Mary is the wife of Benjamin Weaver, of Caernarvon township, and they have twq living children, Abram and Horace. (2) Barton Martin, who is a farmer in East Earl township, married Emma Kurtz, and is the father of four children: Horace; Annie, deceased; Reuben and Clara. (3) Annie died unmarried. (4) Mary married Aaron W. Weaver, of East Earl township, and is the mother of three children, Rebecca, Susan and Martin. (5) Lizzie married Franklin Marks, of East Earl town- ship, and is the mother of four living children, Emma, John, Minnie and Frank ; Bessie is deceased. (6) Emma is the wife of Martin Ceisit, of Caernar- von township, and the mother of George, Abraham, Martin, John and Anna. (7) Abraham F., a farmer of Caernarvon township, married Hannah Spotts. (8) John J. is unmarried and is living in the West. (9) Eli is at home; he married Laura Staufifer, by whom he has had one child, Edna. Mr. and Mrs. Martin are worthy people and oc- cupy a creditable place in the affections of the com- munity in which their days are passing. They are consistent and devoted members of the Mennonite Church. HON. MILTON EBY. As farmer and legis- lator the subject of this sketch, a resident of Para- dise township, Lancaster county, has for many years been one of its most prominent and influential citi- zens. Besides filling other public oifices of trust he has served for ten years as a member of the State legislature, six years in the lower house and four in the senate. He ranks as one of the most successful agriculturists of his vicinity, having always been progressive and wide awake. Mr. Eby was born Oct. 16, 1850, on the farm in Paradise township, which he now occupies. He was the son of Jacob and Magdalene (Wamner) Eby, received his education in the common schools, and for one term attended the Union high school of Cole- rain township. When Milton was eighteen years of age, his father died, and the mother purchasing the farm Milton took charge of the property for her, and from that time to the present has operated the home farm. In T871, two years after he thus early in life assumed the. active duties of farming, he also engaged in burning lime, and conducted that in- dustry on a large scale, burning as much as 60,000 bushels of lime in one year. He continued actively 1494 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY in that Occupation until 1882. In the year following, still in connection with his operation of the home farm, he engaged in the live stock business. An- nually during the next ten years he took a trip to Buffalo, N. Y., in the autumn, and there purchased stock cattle, shipping them to Lancaster and dispos- ing of them among the farmers, repurchasing the same cattle in the spring and shipping them to the eastern markets. He is still actively engaged in that business. Mr. Eby is an earnest Republican and he has al- ways taken a deep interest in politics. In 1887 he was elected prison inspector, serving for three years. In 1891 and again in 1893 and 1895 he was elected to the lower house of the State Legislature, serving on the committee on Agriculture and Accounts and acting as chairman of the latter committee for two sessions. In T897 and in 1899 he was elected a mem- ber of the State senate, serving as chairman of the Printing committee. During this extended service of ten years as a legislator it is scarcely necessary to add that Mr. Eby was ever active in the interests of his constituents. He won an enviable record as a judicious, honest, active and able representative and senator, and as such his reputation has gone widely over the State. He is generally regarded by his fellow citizens as one of the men who have deservedly risen to a position of prominence and honor in the community of which he has been a lifelong resident. Mr. Eby married Nov. 21, 1877, Miss Alice S. Eckman, daughter of Hiranimus and Sarah Eck- man of Colerain township. To Mr. and Mrs. Eby have been born three children : Clyde E., was born April II, 1879. He was educated in the public schools, at Millersville State Normal, and at Pierce's Business College, graduating from the latter insti- ttition. Accepting a position as bookkeeper for the Iflmber firm of Felih & Co., in Philadelphia he re- mained there two years and was then transferred to Newbern, N. C, where he served in the same capac- ity for a year. He was then admitted to partnership and is now an active member of the firm. Ralph Warnner Eby was born Sept. 30, 1880. He attended the public schools, Millersville State Normal, and later took an extended course of instruction in the ilhistrating department of the Industrial Art School of Philadelphia, from which he graduated June 5, 1902. Elsie Crystal Eby was born March 8, 1884. After completing the course in the public schools, she attended a private school at Gap, was also a stu- dent at Westchester Normal School, and now at- tends a Musical College in Philadelphia. Mrs. Eby and daughter are members of the Presbyterian Church of Paradise township. DANIEL H. LliMTNER, justice of the peace at Millersville, I^ancaster county, descends from a very old family of Manor township, his great-grandfa- ther, Daniel Lintner, having come there from Switz- erland about the year 1735. John Lintner, son of Daniel, was the father of Daniel (2), who was the eldest of his father's family. Daniel (2) was born in Millersville, was the owner of large tracts of land, was a farmer and distiller, married Mary Herr and was the father of twelve children, viz.'. John H., a well-driller of Millers- ville ; Christian H., a dairyman, now deceased ; Dan- iel H. ; Benjamin H., night watchman at the Novelty Works in Lancaster City; Fannie, wife of Samuel Hershev, of Lancaster township; Catherine, mar- ried to Levi Buckwalter, of Lancaster county ; Eliza- beth, deceased; Barbara, unmarried; Mary, de- ceased ; Susan, unmarried ; and Amanda and Annie, deceased. The father of this family died in 1887, at the age of eighty-two years, in the faith of the Mennonite Church. In politics he was a Republican. Daniel H. Lintner was born in Millersville, Sept. 14, 1843, and was educated in the public and normal schools'of his native town and at Eastman's Business College in Poughkeepsie, N. Y. At the age of twenty-one years he began teaching school and fol- lowed this vocation sixteen years, but during this period traveled in the West for three years as sales- man for a wholesale house. In 1876 Mr. Lintner was elected a justice of the peace in Cocalico town- ship ; he filled the office three years and then removed to Miller,sville and engaged in the pension agency business, one he still follows, but he was for several years also engaged in drilling artesian wells, of which he sank a large number throughout the county. In 1883 Daniel H. Lintner was again elected on the Republican ticket a justice of the peace, but this time at Millersville, and this office he has filled in a most satisfactory manner up to the present time. A civil engineer likewise by profession, Mr. Lintner has done a great deal of work in this line, especially in the laying out of roads in Lancaster county. The marriage of Daniel H. Lintner took place in 1880 to Miss Kate A. Windolph, daughter of Joseph Windolph, deceased, of Marietta, Lancaster county, and to this union have come four children, viz. : Edwin W., a pharmacist in Philadelphia; Minnie; : Joseph W. ; and Herbert W^., who died at the age of four years. ANDREW CURTIN OBER, a retired hotel man, was born in Elizabethtown, Lancaster Co., Pa., May 8, 1862, and is a son of the Hon.^ Michael and Harriet (Weaver) Ober, of Conoy township. The elder Ober was in his active years a very prominent man in his part of the county, who rose by his own industry and hard work to a leading position. Beginning life as a wheelwright, for years he was a capable and popular schoolmaster, and spent his last days on a small farm in the town- ship of Mt. Joy, where he died Aug. 25, 1872, at the age of forty-six years. An active Republican, he took part in the formative work of the party organization, and was a member of the House of Representatives in 1858. His remains were interred in Mt. Tunnel cemetery, of which he was the foun- der. Mrs. Harriet Weaver Ober who was born BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1495 Sept. lo, 1829, is still living and has her home in Elizabethtown, where she is a member of and a worker in the Lutheran Church. The children of Michael and Harriet Ober were as follows: (i) Daniel, who died at the early age of fourteen years ; (2) John, who was a school teacher, and died at the age of thirty-seven years. Before his death, Dec. 22, 1 89 1, he had become cashier of the National Bank of Elizabethtown ; (3) Anna, who is the wife of W. A. Morning, a school teacher of Elizabethtown; (4) Henry, who passed away in his twenty-second year, while still a student ; he was a young man of brilliant prospects and high character; (5) Abraham L., who is a saddler of Creston', Ohio; (6) Andrew C. ; (7) Christian, who is the funeral director of the Middletown Furniture Company of Middletown, Pa. ; (8) Kate, who is the wife of Frank Dissinger, a blacksmith of Elizabeth- town, of the firm of Witmer & Dissinger. Andrew Curtin Ober was married in Elizabeth- town, Sept. 8, 1885, to Alice Miller, and became by this union the father of two children: Daniel M. and Anna, both of whom are living with their father. Mrs. Alice (Miller) Ober, who was born Aug. 25, 1867, died in 1892, at the age of twenty- five years, and was buried in Mt. Tunnel cemetery. She was the daughter of Daniel and Anna (Hess) Miller, both of Lancaster county, neither of whom is now living. Mr. Miller at the time of his death was engaged in the hotel business. Mrs. Miller died at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Singer, in Elizabethtown. Andrew Curtin Ober remained on the farm with his parents during the first twelve years of his life, and spent the ensuing ten years at the shoemaking trade in Elizabethtown, where he established a shop for himself when he was twenty-two years old. In this business he was very successful and continued in it until 1892, when in company with his father-in- law Mr. Miller, he took charge' of the "Central Hotel" in Elizabethtown. After the death of his partner Mr. Ober continued alone in the business until Dec. i, 1900, when he sold the hotel and is now devoting himself to the care of his extensive real estate and other investments. Mr. Ober takes much interest in fraternal so- cieties in which he is very popular. He is a Mason, a member of the I. O. O. F., the K. of G. E., and the Mystic Chain. He is a member of the Fire Depart- ment, and in 1900 was elected to the Town Council. Mr. Ober is a man of fine character, and is much esteemed in the community in which he has passed his honest and upright life. HENRY DINKS, a prosperous farmer resid- ing in the vicinity of Millersville, Manor township, Lancaster countv, is a native of Prussia Germany was born ]u]y 27, 1856, and is a son of Henry and Margaret (Waterman) Dmks. When Henry Dinks was about eight years of age the family came to America and located m Lancaster county. Pa. The father engaged in farm- ing near Rohrerstown, where he lived to within a few years of his death, when he retired to the vicinity of Millersville, and passed away Aug. 14, 1895. He was a member of the Reformed Church and in politics, a Republican. Mrs. Margaret Dinks is still living, the mother of four children, namely: Harman, an employe in a soap factory at Lancaster; Henry; Amelia, wife of Fred Kilkers of Lancaster City; and Hannah, married to Peter Marks, of the same place. Henry Dinks until thirty-three years old lived on the home farm with his parents and then en- gaged in general farming on his own account; he owns a fine place of thirty-six acres, on which quarrying is also carried on, the product being largely crushed for macadamizing, while another part is used for building purposes. On March 26, 1887, Henry Dinks married Miss Annie Kilcus, of Reading, Pa., and four children have resulted from this union: Harry, George, Freddie and Mary. In religion Mrs. Dinks is a member of the Lutheran Church and Mr. Dinks of the Reformed Church, while in politics the latter is a Republican. J. F. McLaughlin. Among the repre- sentative and progressive farmers of Lancaster county, Pa., is J. F. McLaughlin, of Oak Hill, Lit- tle Britain township, who was born Oct. 2, 1853, a son of Park S. and Sarah (Garswich) McLaughlin, and a grandson of James McLaughlin. James McLaughlin, of Scotch-Irish descent, was born in 1779, and was an old settler of Harford county, living to the advanced age of ninety-seven. By occupation he was a millwright ; during his early manhood he was noted for his great strength and he was active all his life. His family consisted of nine children: Theodore, James, Thomas, Joshua, Daniel, Mary, Annie, Elizabeth and Sarah, all of whom are deceased except Mary, now of Hartford, Conn., and Elizabeth, of Philadelphia. Park S. McLaughlin was born July 6, 181 1, and died May 11, 1896. By trade he was a mill-wright, and he and his estimable wife had these children: James, of Harrisburg, Pa. ; William G., deceased ; Mary, deceased ; Theodore S., a farmer of Little Britain; Hannah, wife of George Day, of Little Britain township; J. F., our subject; Franklin S., of Britain ; Laura, wife of Ezra Haye. The mother of this family was born in 1814, and died in 1896. The early life of J. F. McLaughlin was similar to that of any country boy, working upon the farm in the summer and attending district school in winter. At the age of twenty-nine his attention was turned to patent medicine, and for sixteen years he successfully dealt in several well known rem- edies, in Philadelphia and Wilmington, Del. Upon coming to Oak Plill, Pa., he opened a general mer- chandise store and continued in that line until April, 1901, when he retired from business. At present 1496 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY he is one of the most extensive real estate owners in the township, possessing in addition to his com- fortable home, some fine business property, which is used as a store ; a bakery, with dwelling attached ; a tin shop and a well-cultivated farm of forty acres. All of this is the result of his own unaided efforts, directed in channels calculated to carry him to prosperity. His attention is now directed towards farming; he takes a great interest in his farming property, which he is managing with the same energy and success which marked his other under- takings. On Jan. 21, 1881, Mr. McLaughlin was mar- ried to Miss Annie S. Randall, of Mount Holly, N. J., who was born July 2, 1855. Three children were born of their marriage: Park W., born Oct. 25, 1883 ; Roy D., April 30, 1899 ; and Mary D., Dec. 6, 1900. In politics Mr. McLaughlin is a Democrat, and he and his family are members of the Presbyterian Church. While always an in- dustrious man, Mr. McLaughlin has never been too busy to lend a helping hand to those less foi-- tunate than himself, and he takes a deep interest in public affairs, although not an office seeker. In his family he is the beloved husband and considerate father, while throughout the neighborhood he is highly regarded for his many excellent traits of char- •acter, as well as for his business ability and the suc- cess he has attained. LEWIS DILLER (deceased) was among the generation of men in Lancaster county who a few years ago passed away at a ripe old age, after a life of labor and success ; men who were stalwart in body, in principle and achievement. Lewis Diller deserves prominent mention. He was born in Earl township, near Laurelville, in 1808, and throughout life was a farmer and drover. His impulses were warm and generous toward his fel- low men, and he was ever ready to assist the needy and distressed and to engage in any work for the public welfare. He married Sophrina Grabill, a native of West Earl township, the daughter of John Grabill, and to them were born a family of seven daughters and one son, namely : Catherine, widow of Michael Landis, a resident of Lancaster City; Sarah, wife of Jacob Herr of Bird-in Hand ; Serena, widow of Abraham Hess of Lancaster City; Mary Ann, widow of Samuel Huber of Spring Garden, Pa. ; Grabill, a sketch of whom appears below ; Sophrina, who married Mahin Bowman of Ephrata and is now deceased ; Clementina, deceased wife of Martin Beech, of Farmersville ; Emma L., wife of Harry P* Brackbill of Williamstown. Lewis Diller, the father, was a member of the Lutheran church. He died in 1887, mourned by a wide circle of friends. His worthy helpmeet died about 1883, aged seventy-six years. Grabill Diller, only son of Lewis and So- phrina Diller, was born Dec. 19, 1843. He was reared on the farm and received his education in the common schools. Early in life he took charge of the home farm during his father's absence from home and after his marriage Grabill again assumed the management of the property for a short time, his father retiring from active life. A little later Grabill purchased a farm of seventy-five acres south of New Holland which he occupied for many years. In 1864 Mr. Diller enlisted in Co. G, igsth P. V. I., under Capt. Philip L. Sprecher. He was one of the 100 day service men and was in the Virginia campaign, being in repeated skirmishes with Mos- by's men. He made a good record as a soldier, just as his record as a citizen of Lancaster has ever been good. Mr. Diller married Jan. 26, 1880, Miss Naomi A. Brackbill, daughter of Henry Brackbill of Leaman Place. Mr. and Mrs. Diller had two chil- dren: Frances B., born March 17, 1886, and died Sept. r8, 1886; and Earl B., born Oct. 26, 1887, and died Jan. 24, 1888. Mr. and Mrs. Diller are mem- bers of the German Reformed Church at Rawlins- ville. Por three years Mr. Diller. was a deacon of the church, then resigned because of the distance of his residence from the church. In the spring of 1892 Mr. Diller retired from active life, removing to Paradise village, where he purchased a pleasant home and where ht has since resided in quiet and comfort. He has been one of Lancaster county's leading and honorable citizens, ever holding the confidence and esteem of a large circle of acquaintances. Affable and genial in man- ner, kind and courteous towards his fellow men, he has won hosts of friends. GEORGE F. WAGNER, a shoe merchant of Elizabethtown, where he also does an extensive making and repairing business, was born in New- ville. West Donegal township, March 27, 1833. Mr. Wagner's parents were Jacob and Susan (Keller) Wagner, both natives of Lancaster county, where they spent their lives, dying in Elizabethtown. The father, who was a shoemaker, died in 1855 at the age of forty-four years. His widow, who made her home with her son, George F., died in 1877, at the age of seventy-one years. Her remains are resting in the Lutheran cemetery at Elizabethtown. Both Mr. Wagner and his wife were members of the Lutheran Church. After the death of Mr. Wagner his widow mar- ried a second time, becoming Mrs. Barhart McAl- lister. George F. was the only child of the first marriage ; to the second were born : John, deceased ; Catherine, deceased, married William Bartells; Mary, married and living in Philadelphia; Jacob, of Highspire: The paternal grandparents of George F. Wagner came from Germany. George F. Wagner, whose name appears at the openmg of this article has been three times mar- ried the first time being Jan. 11, 1855, to Miss Mol- lie Burns, by whom he had the following children : BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1497 (i) William H., married Ella Witmer, has one daughter, and is a shoemaker in West Donegal town- ship ; (2) John W., a traveUng salesman, married Catherine M. Long, and is the father of six chil- dren : (3) George W., a produce merchant of Eliz- abethtown, Pa. ; (4) Lillie A. is married and has two children. Mrs. Mollie (Burns) Wagner, who was born in Mt. Joy township, in 1832, died in 1863, and was buried in Mt. Tunnel cemetery. She was a daugh- ter of William Burns, of Lancaster county. Mr. Wagner was married in Maytown in 1865. to Miss Barbara Klugh, a school teacher. She died in 1882 at the age of thirty-nine years. She was born in York county, and was a daughter of Frederick Klugh. The third marriage of Mr. Wagner occurred in 1884, in Conoy township, when he was united to Miss Matilda Beerbauer, who was born in York county. She was a daughter of Daniel Beerbauer, a farmer, and a native of Lancaster county. Mr. Wagner has eleven grandchildren. Mr. Wagner remained with his parents until he reached the age of fourteen, when he began an ap- prenticeship of five years at the shoemaking trade in Elizabethtown with David Hornaviotts. Com- pleting this term of preparation he followed his trade as a journeyman for two years, and then spent three months as a book canvasser. His next move was to open a custom shoe shop at Mechanicsburg, where he was in business with John Gosh a year. In Eliz- abethtown he carried on a shoe store four years, and for a year was engaged with Matthias Brinser in the manufacture of shoes, at the end of that time re- tiring in favor of his partner, and establishing him- self in an independent location, where he has con- tinued alone in business to the present time. Mr. Wagner has won a very enviable standing in the good opinion of the people of Elizabethtown, and hat served as school director for three terms. He and his wife are members of the Church of God, and he is a Republican. CYRUS ROYER (deceased). Tracing the hon- ored family of Royer as far back as 1720, we find that in that year Sebastian Royer came to America to find a new home, and brought with him his four sons The first settlement was made by the family on the bank of a fordable river, and hence came the name of the settlement which grew up in that part of Montgomerv county, Pennsylvania, and which is now a village of note known as Royersford. Two f the sons of Sebastian settled there permanently, but the^ father seems to have been of more roving disposition, and with his two younger sons went on ■ ^o Lancaster county and settled in what was Eliza- beth township, and on the site of the present village f Brickerville. Here Sebastian died, after settling ?■ gQii Amos, who was the youngest, on a farm • what was then Cocalico township, but now Ephrata. Amos Royer had four sons, and Philip, the sec- ond son of Amos, had also four sons — Abraham, Jonathan, Joseph and Benjamin. Abraham died in Lancaster city, at an advanced age. In early life he was a farmer, and was twice married, rearing a family by the first marriage ; Jonathan died at an ad- vanced age in Leacock township, and had also fol- lowed farming and reared a family of several chil- dren ; Benjamin was a farmer like his brothers, and died in Manheira township, leaving two sons. Joseph Royer, the third son of Philip, was the grandfather of Cyrus Royer of this biography, and was born, reared and passed away at the old home- stead in Manheim township, about one mile north- east of Nefifsville. His years had been extended to eighty-seven, his death occurring in 1853. Joseph Royer married Veronica Sworr, and they had a fam- ily of seven children : John, the father of Cyrus Royer; Joseph, the father of Joseph Royer, a con- fectioner of Lancaster ; Daniel, a farmer for many years on the old homestead, who died in middle age; Mary, who married John Pfautz, of Warwick township and reared a family of children ; Veronica, married Daniel Royer, of Lebanon county; Anna, married Abraham Zug, of Lebanon county; and Elizabeth, married Emanuel Balinger, whose home was near Lititz, in Warwick township. John Royer was born April 2, 1799, and died in June, 1870. His Hfe was devoted to farming and like his father, he owned much land and stock and was considered one of the most substantial citizens of the township. John Royer married Miss Esther Mohler, a daughter of John Mohler, of Ephrata township, who was born Oct. 13, 1800, and died in 1875. Their family numbered seven children: Jonas, born Dec. 24, 1821, died in 1879, a farmer of Lebanon county ; Anna, born Oct. 24, 1827, mar- ried Martin Zitzer, of Ephrata, and died in 1894; Cyrus, born Jan. 21, 1829; Daniel, born Nov. 30, 1 83 1, a retired farmer, living in Naperville, III.; Elizabeth, born Aug. 26, 1833, the widow of John Gipple, residing in Lititz ; John, born Feb. 8, 1836, residing in Talmage, a retired farmer; and Henry, born June 16, 1840, a farmer of Lebanon county. Although a member of a strictly agricultural family, for generations, Cyrus Royer developed tastes early in life for another career. His education was acquired in the common schools, but his am- bitions reached out into the world, and he resolved to learn the woolen weaving business, as one which offered inducements for future success in the com- mercial world. At the age of sixteen, he left the old home and went to Paradise township, where he entered a woolen mill. He remained there for sev- eral years, or until he thoroughly understood all of the details ; he was then engaged by the managers and remained with the mill for some time, later open- ing up a similar business of his own in the mill where he had learned his trade. Three years later he removed to Providence, in 1854 purchased the Huber Woolen mill in Providence township and sue- 1498 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF ^-.^^q CASTER COUNTY cessfully continued in this mill until 1872. At this date Mr. Royer rebuilt on a much larger scale, put in modern and improved machinery and conducted the business until 1893, when he retired ffom active life, his son assuming control. The output of this mill is woolen cloth and yarns. At the beginning, it was a custom mill, but later manufactured for the local trade. Mr. Royer devoted his attention largely to this business, but still found opportunity to over- see his land, some forty acres, in Providence town- ship. During the whole course of his manufactur- ing business, Mr. Royer was able to make it profit- able, and by his ability, energy and strict integrity, came to be regarded as one of the foremost men in Providence township. The first marriage of Cyrus Royer was in 1853, to Miss Mary Hess, a daughter of Christian Hess, who was born in Paradise township; she died the year following her marriage, at the age of twenty- three. In 1854, Mr. Royer married Elizabeth Hess, a sister of his former wife, who difed May 29, 1879, at the age of fifty-four years, having been the mother of seven children: (i) John, born Oct. 12, 1856, resides at Mt. Hope, in Delaware county, where he is a minister in the M. E. Church, a member of the Eastern Pennsylvania M. E. Conference, since 1885. He was educated in the common schools, later at- tended the Millersville Normal School, taught school for thirteen sessions, during vacations work- ing in his father's mill, and studied theology at home, becoming self-reliant and proficient in his theologi- cal studies in this manner. He married Miss Mary Miller, and they have one son, Clement. (2) Mar- tin, born July 12, 1858, married Miss Martha Mil- ler, and conducts the farm and mill, in Providence township. (3) The third child was a son that died in infancy. (4) Maris, born Oct. 12, i860, is a ma- chinist, at Dayton, Ohio, connected with the Na- tional Cash Register Co. ; he married Miss Mazie Snyder, and they have one son, Jacob. (5) Ann Elizabeth, born April 5, 1864, is the wife of Ben- jamin F. Miller, a minister in the M. E. Church, now located in Philadelphia; they have three chil- dren, — Ruth, Mary, and Esther. (6) Mary, born March 7, 1866, is the wife of William Schrader, of Washington, D. C. ; they have three children, — Eu- gene, Leslie, and Willie. (7) Margaret, born Jan. 31, i86<;j, died Jan. 13, 1881. The third marriage of Mr. Royer was in January, 1894, to Miss Susann Neff, a daughter of Christian Neff, of East Lam- peter township. Both Mr. arKi Mrs. Royer were valued members of the (jerman Baptist Church, which had in Mr. Royer one of its strong supporters, all of the fam- ily, for the past three generations having been con- nected with this church. Eearly in its history the Royer family was religiously connected with the Reformed and the Lutheran faith, but now they are united in the German Baptist. After a long, busy and useful life, Mr. Royer removed to Refton, in 1893, and there he and his estimable wife, sur- rounded by family and friends, enjoyed every com- fort until his lamented death. ADDISON S. FLOWERS. Among the well- known citizens of Mt. Joy, Pa., is Addison S. Flow- ers, who for many years has been connected with the lumber interests of that locality, was a member of the city council and a successful and energetic man of business. Mr. Flowers was born in Rapho township, Lan- caster county, Feb. i, 1853, a son of Jacob and Harriet (Miller) Flowers, the former of Colebrook, Lebanon county, and the latter of Strasburg, this county. When seventeen years old, Jacob Flowers removed with his father to Manheim and from there to Mt. Joy in 186 r. He enlisted in the 77th P. V. I. and served through three years of the Civil war. At the time of his death, in 1 891, at the age of sixty- seven, he was a resident of Mt. Joy, and was asso- ciated with his son Addison in the lurhber business. The father was interred in the Camp Hill ceme- tery in Florin. The beloved mother was born in 1829 and is residing in Mt. Joy. Both she and her husband connected themself with the U. B. Church early in life. Their children were : Charles, who died at the age of four years ; Addison S. ; Maria, who died at the age of seven years ; and Ben- jamin, who is a cabinet-maker and mechanic, in Quincy, 111. The paternal grandfather, John Flow- ers was a native of Colebrook, came to Lancaster county in 1841 and took charge of a charcoal fur- nace. The maternal grandparents were Harry and Maria (Roher) Miller, of Strasburg, the former of whom was a plasterer engaged in business at Sport- ing Hill, in this county. The early educational opportunities of Addison S. Flowers were limited, as he was reared on a farm and at the age of twelve years went into the mines in Chestnut Hill. At this laborious work he re- mained one and one-half years and then entered into a shop in Mt. Joy, to learn the trade of cabinet- making ; he served three years under Henry Myers, and then went to Harrisburg, where he became thor- oughly instructed in the trade of wood pattern mak- ing. It seems as if Mr. Flowers has a natural affin- ity for engaging in some kind of business connected with wood, for, upon his return to Mt. Joy, it was to open a lumber yard, and for eleven years, in as- sociation with his late father, the business was very successful. Upon the death of the latter, Mr. Flow- ers disposed of this yard to A. N. Cassel & Son, of Marietta, and has been the efficient manager for this firm ever since. Aside from this prosperous line, Mr. Flowers became interested in the culture of chestnuts and his specialty of Paragon chestnuts are known to the trade and the public over a wide extent of territory. He set out a twelve and one- half acre tract of land in chestnut trees at Wild Cat, m York county, and there he has erected a hotel BIOGRAPHICAL A3k. ^LS OF LANCASTER COUNTY' 1499 and dancing pavilion and has otherwise fitted up the place as a delightful summer resort. On March 9, 1875, occurred the marriage of Addison S. Flowers to Miss Mary E. Brown, of Harrisburg, Pa., and to this union have been born : May B., born Oct. 30, 1894 ; Gladius M., born June 30, 1896, both interesting children. Mrs. Flowers is a native of Womelsdorf, Berks Co., Pa., a daugh- ter of Neil U. and CaroHne (Meyer) Brown, the former a native of Ireland and the latter of Womels- dorf. Mr. Brown had resided in the United States almost all of his life, as he was brought here by his parents when but fifteen months old. His death was in Lebanon, where he was a well-known brick manufacturer. Mr. Flowers has taken a prominent position in civic affairs, and for several years, from 1895 was a member of the council. In politics he is a stanch Republican, and has been a member of the county committee. For many years he has taken much in- terest in the I. O. O. F. and belongs to both subor- dinate lodge and encampment. Thoroughly alive to the best interests of the community, Mr. Flowers is a representative citizen who enjoys the esteem of the public in a marked degree. ALFRED B. GINGRICH, a prosperous and leading general farmer of West Donegal township, was born near Middletown, Dauphin Co., Pa., Jan. 15, 1862, a son of John and Rosanna (Bauchman) Gingrich, natives of Dauphin and Lebanon counties, respectively. His parents moved to the present home of our subject in 1865, and for many years were prominent people in the township. The father, who died March ri, 1895, at the age of sixty-one years, served as auditor of the township a number of years, and held the confidence of the community to an unusual extent. His wife died in 1875, at the age of thirtv-seven years. They had born to them the following children: Emeline, who married M. E. Good, a farmer in West Donegal township; Web- ster, a farmer in Lancaster county ; John, deceased ; Miss Rosanna, who is making her home with an uncle in Lebanon county; Elmira, wife of Harry Hershey, of Scranton, Pa. ; Lizzie A., who married E. N. Gish, a carpenter, and resides in Elizabeth- town • and Naomi, who died young. Henry Gmgrich, the paternal grandfather of Al- fred B was born in Dauphin county, and followed farming as his life business. Henry Bauchman, the maternal grandfather of A. B. Gingrich, was a na- tive farmer in Lebanon county In December, 1896, Alfred B. Gmgrich was mar- ried in Florin, Pa., to Elizabeth Brandt, who was born in East Donegal township, a daughter of Henry and Leah (Hershev) Brandt, both natives of Lan- caster county, born in 1842 and 1843, respectively. Thev now reside in East Donesral township, where the father is a farmer. Both are members of the River Brethren Church. Besides Mrs. Gingrich, Mr and Mrs. Brandt had the following children: Alice, wife of Amos Good, of Elizabethtown ; Sarah, deceased; Ella, who married Joseph R. Good, and is with her parents in East Donegal township ; An- na, wife of Albert Walters, of Florin, Pa. ; Miss Susan, at home single; and Mary and John, de- ceased. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Ging- rich were David and Elizabeth (Stehman) Brandt, both natives of Lancaster county, as were also her maternal grandparents, John and Elizabeth (Erb) Hershey. To Mr. and Mrs. Gingrich have come two sons, Henry M. and John E. Alfred B. Gingrich remained under the parental roof until he reached the age of twenty-two years, when he went to Monticello, Ind., where he did carting for a year, and then moved on to Chicago, where he secured a position as special policeman in the "Hotel Brevoort," holding this for some three and a half years, and then taking charge of the cigar stand of the hotel. The death of his father compelled him to give up his work in Chi- cago, and to return home that he might attend to the family business. The farm now belongs to Al- fred B. and his brother Webster. Mr. Gingrich is a Republican, and is one of the prominent and thrifty young men of the day. He was reared in the River Brethren Church, of which his parents were faithful devoted adherents. Like them he is an upright and honorable man in all his dealings, and he makes his word as good as a bond. GEORGE WELK (deceased) was one of the worthy German emigrants who in the earlier forties settled in Lancaster county and by a life of industry, thrift and integrity acquired a modest competence and established an honored name throughout the community. George Welk (i) was born in Germany about 1818 and at the age of twenty-four came to Amer- ica. He located in East Lampeter township about two miles south of Lancaster City, where he engaged in farm work continuously until 1852. In that year he purchased a little property of eleven acres in Strasburg township about one mile south of Stras- burg. where he spent the remainder of his life, en- gaging in day work in the neighborhood in addition to farming his own few acres. He married Miss Louisa Lesner, who was born in Germany and who came to this country in 1836, when only four years of age. George Welk (i) was a strong Republican in politics. In his earlier years he was a member of the Lutheran church but later in life he affiliated with the Reformed Mennonite Church. He was a progressive citizen and most highly esteemed for his sterling character. He died in 1893 aged seven- ty-five years and his widow, who was born in 1832 still survives. To George and Louisa Welk were born eight children, as follows : George, a sketch of whom appears below ; Amos, who died in child- hood; Henry, a mechanic, who died in Lancaster 1500 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY township, leaving two children ; Levi,, who died un- married in Strasburg township; Mariah, wife of Harvey Brookill of West Lampeter township; Elias, a farmer of East Lampeter; Ellen, wife of Leonard Brobst of Bart township; and Benjamin, a farmer residing in Strasburg township. George Welk (2), the eldest child of George and Louisa Welk, was born Dec. 5, 1848, and was reared to farm life, receiving his education in the common schools of Strasburg township. When he attained his majority he began life for himself by leasing on shares a farm in Strasburg township. This he continued to operate successfully for eight years, then lived for two years in Manor township. Returning to Strasburg he again engaged there in farming for about eight years and in 1889 removed to the farm of ninety-two and half acres, located three miles east of Strasburg, which he has since occupied and operated. In addition he has operated continuously during the past ten years a threshing machine, covering Paradise, Strasburg and a part of Leacock township. He has a thoroughly equipped modern threshing outfit and has been emi- nently successful in that branch of farm work. George Welk (2) married in 1870 Miss Sarah Keene, daughter of Benjamin Keene of Strasburg township. Their marriage has been blessed with seven children, as follows : Ida, wife of Samuel Apler of Leacock township, and mother of one son, Albert ; Morris, at home ; Harvey, who married Miss Lucy Rice, has three children, — Meta, Edna and Joseph, and resides in Strasburg toWhship; Louisa, wife of George W. Leaman, of Bart town- ship ;' John, who died at the age of eleven years ; and Maud and Sally, at home. In politics George Welk is a stanch Republican. He has served as township clerk and is regarded as one of the progressive and public spirited citizens of the township. The family are highly respected and esteemed by a wide circle of friends and acquaint- ances. GEORGE H. HARTMAN, whose death on Oct. 6, 1886, when he was aged fifty-seven years, removed from Lancaster one of her well known business men and popular citizens, was one of those men whose moral and upright lives are an inspiration to their associates. His entire life had been oassed in this county, except for a short sojourn in Iowa, and in his early manhood he learned the coach maker's trade with his father, mention of whom is made in the sketch of J. I. Hartman, to be found elsewhere. He remained under his father until his marriage, when he engaged in the livery business. At the end of four years, he decided to try new scenes and en- ployment, and went to Muscatine, Iowa, where for two vears he operated a farm. Old ties proved too strong to break and he returned to Lancaster, and opened up a brick yard on the Harrisburg pike, which he successfully conducted for two years, when he had an opportunity to purchase again the livery stable he had owned prior to his removal West. This proved liis last change, and in partnership with his son, Edward, he continued in the livery business up to the time of his death. He also engaged to a large extent as a real estate dealer, and bought and sold many valuable tracts of land in Lancaster and vicinity. In his religious belief he was an Episco- palian, and was a member of St. John's parish, this city. He gave freely of his substance to the needy, and was most charitable to the faults of others. Po- litically he was an ardent Republican, but often in local affairs he voted independent of party. Honest in all things, he was a man whom the public in- stinctively trusted, and to whom many turned fo- advice in times of trouble. In Lebanon, Pa., by the Rev. Mr. Crotel, George H. Hartman was united in marriage with Anna M. IBender, who was born in Lancaster, a daughter of Reuben A. and Maria (Rohrer) Bender. The following children blessed this union : Thomas B., superintendent of the Telephone Company, at Westchester, Pa. ; Mary E., who married Joseph H. Rathfon, city treasurer of Lancaster ; William H., superintendent of the Lancaster Independent Telephone Co., and who married Virginia Mitchell, of Kentucky; Jane O., who married Howard C. Wood, who is engaged in the marble monument business in Lansdowne, Pa. ; Edward A., in the employ of the Telephone Co., at . Lancaster, who married Emma Gruel ; and Anna S., who married Walter C. Herr, jewelry manufacturer of Lancaster Reuben A. Bender, father of Mrs. Hartman, was a son of Reuben and Magdalena (Hilderbrandt) Bender, of Swiss extraction, of whom the former was a prominent farmer near New Holland, Pa. Reuben A. Bender was a successful coach manu- facturer, in Lancaster, but in 1857 removed to Har- risburg, where he lived retired, until his death in 1858, at the age of sixty years. His wife died in 1857, aged fifty-eight years, and both rest in Har- risburg cemetery. They were faithful members of the Lutheran Church. In their family were the following children : George H., a retired machinist in Philadelphia, Pa.; Reuben A., who died young; John, of Harrisburg, now retired ; Elizabeth, widow of John Lautz. a merchant of Muscatine, Iowa; and Anna M., Mrs. Hartman. JOHN B. ESHBACH (deceased), a most worthy and influential citizen in his day, was born in Lancaster township, Lancaster county, in 1815, was a son of Christian and Mary (Brunt) Eshbach, and was a most successful farmer. John B. Eshbach began operations on rented land in Lancaster town- ship, the farm then containing 113 acres, and after occupying it as a tenant for several years, purchased the place and occupied it until he was sixty-three years old, and then passed the property over to his son, Benjamin B. John B. however, had for some years owned a tract of ninety-four acres in Manor township, adjacent to Millersville, which tract had BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1501 been in the Eshbach family a very long time. To this tract John B. added twenty-four acres, and hav- ing disposed -of the Lancaster township farm to Benjamin, erected a dwelling in Manor township and resided there until his death, which occurred May i6, 1898, in the Mennonite faith. John B. Eshbach first married Susannah, a daughter of John Brubaker, of Rohrerstown, but no children came to this union. The second mar- riage of John E. Eshbach was with Barbara Bru- baker, and to this marriage were born seven chil- dren, viz. : Mary, deceased wife of Abraham Wit- mer, of Manor township ; Benjamin B., on the old homestead in Lancaster township; Susan, wife of Josiah Good, of Marticville; Barbara, unmarried, and living in Millersville ; Annie, married to John Hershey, of Petersburg, Pa.; Mattie, also of Mil- lersville and unmarried; and John B., on the home place at Millersville. John B. Eshbach, son of the deceased John B., was born Jan. 14, 1865, on his preserit farm and re- ceived the usual public school education. At twenty- one years of age he took charge of the place and managed it until his father's death, then took entire possession and has since conducted general farming most successfully, now owning 118 acres. John B. Eshbach was. united in marriage in 1886 to Miss Emma Herr. daughter of Jacob B. Herr, of New Danville, and this marriage has been blessed with three children, namely, Christine H., Edgar H., and Walter H. Mr. and Mrs. Eshbach are mem- bers of the Mennonite Church and socially hold an excellent standing. MILTON L. BARE, a prominent and success- ful farmer of LTpper Leacock township, was born in Leacock township, July 18, 1857, a son of Wayne and Mary (Landis) Bare, of East Lampeter town- ship. Until he reached his majority, Milton L. Bare remamed with his father, attending school and as- sisting in the farm work. After marriage he re- moved to his present fine farm. Mr. Bare was married Dec. 11, 1883, in Salisbury township, to Miss Ida E. Worst, who was born on her old family homestead Feb. 2, 1858. She was the estimable daughter of Samuel and Anna (Kertz) Worst of Salisbury township, where the former still resides, the latter having died in February, 1896, at the age of sixtv-seven years. Until 1898 Mr. Worst was a farmer and drover, but at that date he retired from active life to enjoy the comforts his former indus- try had provided. He was born in 1824. He has held a number of the ofifices in his locality, serving as school director for many years and also as su- ^^ The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Worst were : A.nnamarv who married Frank Seldonridge, a hotel nroprietor of Salisbury township ; Ida E., Mrs. Bare ; Tohn B deceased: Catherine A., who married J. Milton Hershey, of "'Keys Hotel,"' at Intercourse, Pa. ; Barbara E., who married Jacob A. Stauffer, and lives on the old Salisbury township farm ; Mar- tha E., who married Isaac Eby, a farmer of Salis- bury; Susan A., who married Prof. Amos A. Eby, a teacher of Witmer, Pa. ; Fred S., a farmer on the old homestead ; and Laura L., who resides with her sister, Mrs. Bare. The parents were members of the Presbyterian Church and the mother lies buried in Pequea township in the old Presbyterian church- yard. Mr. Bare has long been a prominent member of the Republican party of his locality, taking an active and intelligent interest in public affairs. From 1892 to 1895 he most efficiently served as school director. Both he and his wife are valued members of the Presbyterian Church of Leacock, to which he is a liberal contributor. Mr. Bare is highly respected in his county and is ranked among its representative men. JOHN J. GOOD, an old and honored citizen of Ccnestoga Center, is the son of Daniel and Eliza- beth (Deitrick) Good. The great-grandfather, Peter Good, came from Germany and settled in Martic township, Lancaster county. His son John was the grandfather of the present John J. Good. John, the grandfather, was born and spent most of his life in what is now Pequea, but was then known as Conestoga, town- ship. He lived to an advanced age, and the latter part of his life resided in Martic township. He was a miller and distiller for many years but latterly took up farming: He was successful and at one time owned considerable property. He took a deep in- terest in public affairs and was best known by the title of 'Squire Good, having been a justice of the peace. In politics he was a Whig. He was three, times married, first to Miss Kreiter, by whom he had four sons and a daughter : Christian ; Jacob ; John ; Daniel ; and Barbara, who was first married to Tobias Deitrick and afterward to Benjamin Kauff- man. 'Squire Good married twice after the death of his first wife but had no issue by either. Daniel Good, father of John J., was born in Conestoga township, now Pequea township, in 1804, and died in 1864. His first venture was that of farming but he was afterward engaged in the milling and distilling business. He continued in this for a number of years, when he again went back to farming, the most of his time being spent in Martic township. He also was a Whig in politics and was a man of more than ordinary capacity. He served as a member of the school board and for three years was a county commissioner ; he was an organizer, stockholder and director of the Inland Insurance and Deposit Company, of Lancaster, was progress- ive, and decidedly a man in advance of the times. He married Miss Elizabeth Deitrick, a daughter of Henry and Elizabeth ( Stehman) Deitrick. She was born in Pequea township near West Willow in 1808 and died in 1878. He died in Marticville. They 1502 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY had a family of nine children : John J. ; Elizabeth, who died in childhood; Henry, deceased, a soldier in the Civil war; Mary, wife of Benjamin Mylin, of West Lampeter township ; Daniel D., of Lancaster ; Catherine, wife of David Huber, of Rawlinsville ; Maris and Adam, twins, deceased; and Aaron, un- married, of Marticville. The parents were mem- bers of the Lutheran Church. John J. Good was born in Martic township, Oct. 4, 1829, and was educated in the public schools. He remained at home until he was twenty-seven years old, when he took a farm of 185 acres in Martic township, purchased of his father. Here he lived from 1856 until 1900, when he retired from active labor and removed to Conestoga Center, where he still resides. Through an active career he has con- fined his attention almost wholly to farming and lime burning. He is a broad-minded man, public- spirited and ever ready to assist with word or purse meritorious affairs, either of a public or private nature. He has frequently been called. to positions of honor by his fellow-citizens and while still a young man was elected supervisor of Martic town- ship. Later he served on the school board for three years, and in 1881 was elected treasurer of Lancas- ter county, filling that office with honor for three years. On Mardi 3, 1857, he was married to Miss EHz- abeth Mylin, daughter of Daniel and Elizabeth (Hess) Mylin. She was born in West Lampeter township, Oct. 6, 1S36. Mr. and Mrs. Good are the parents of eleven children : Daniel M., born in 1857, who died June 14, igoo, leaving a widow; Maris M., born Jan. 15, i860, who died March 29, i860; Emma E., born Sept. 12, 1861, wife of Martin Berts- field, of Lancaster; Ezra M., June 11, 1863, resid- ing in Millersville, a stock and tobacco dealer ; Henry M., Sept. 22, 1864, a farmer in Conestoga town- ship; John S., Aug. T2, 1866, who died Feb. 12, 1868; Abraham M., Jime 13, 1870, who died Aug. 25. 1870; Amelia F., July 20, 1871, wife of Albert Kready, of Manor township; Ida, Oct. 31, 1876, at home ; Mary E., March 6, 1878, wife of Ephraim Rohrer, of Manor township; Clara, Feb. 18, 1874, wife of Aldus Charles, of Pequea township. Mr. and Mrs. Good, together with their daughters, are members of the Reformed Church. Mr. Good has been a deacon for the past five years and takes a great interest in church work. GEORGE \y. WARFEL was born in the house where he still resides, in Conestoga township, about one-half mile west of Martic forge, March 3, 1839. He is a son of Christian Warfel, born in 1802 near the place where George now lives. Christian Warfel, the father, was a carpenter by trade but engaged in farming part of the time. He was identified with the Republican party, took an active part in politics and was a director of the poor for two sessions. He was a member of the Old iVIennonite Church during the latter part of his life. He married Miss Barbara Myers, of Lam- peter township, and the couple had two children: Henry, deceased; and George W., subject of this sketch. George W. Warfel was the grandson of Jacob and Polly Warfel, who were also both born in Conestoga township, and were the parents of five children: George, deceased; Christian, father of the present George W. ; Paul, of whom nothing has been known for years ; Jacob, deceased ; and Betsey, wife of Joseph Bleacher, both deceased. George W. Warfel has devoted his life to farm- ing on the same place that knew him as an infant. He is a Republican in politics, but has never taken •any active part. He married Miss Catherine Har- nish, daughter of James Harnish, of Pequea town- ship, Nov. 2, 1862. They are the parents of the following children, all of whom are living: Ade- line, wife of Ezra Eshleman; Susan H., wife of Abraham Hess; George, at home; Catherine, wife of John Good ; Barbara, wife of Frank Rice, who lives with his father-in-law, Mr. Warfel, and farms the place. Mr. Warfel was educated in the public schools of the coimty. Although he has devoted much of his time to agriculture he is a well-informed and public-spirited man, always ready and willing to assist any project which has for its end the better- ing of society. The family is well and favorably known in the township and enjoys the esteem of a wide circle of friends. GEORGE WASHINGTON HICKS. Among the prominent and leading citizens of Maytdwn, Pa., is George W'ashington • Hicks, a retired merchant and a jtistice of the peace since 1885. He was born in Linglestown, Dauphin county, Nov. 7, 185 1, a son of Jacob and Christianna (Marberger) Hicks, na- tives of Dauphin and Schuylkill counties, respect- ively, although both died in Dauphin county. Jacob Hicks was a farmer, and for twenty-five years a justice of the peace, and his death occurred in Dauphin county, in 1874, at the age of seventy- four. His widow survived until 1880. The family born to Jacob Hicks and wife numbered nine mem- bers, and were: Conrad, who was a teacher, and died at the age of twenty-seven ; George, who died in infancy : John, who died at the age of forty-one ; Amos, who died at the age of forty-two; George W. ; William, a dairynian of Penn Brook, Pa. ; J. P'rank, a farmer and hotel-keeper in Dauphin county ; Mary, deceased, who married Benjamin Albright; and Christiann, deceased, who married Dr. E. B. Smith, a dentist, in Harrisburg. The paternal grandfather was Conrad Hicks, a native of Dauphin county, and the maternal grandfather was Samuel Marberger, of Schuylkill county. Until he was sixteen years old, George W. Hicks remained on the farm. His primary education had been obtained in the district schools, and he then be- came a student in Witmer's Academy at Palmyra, going from there to the State Normal School at BIOGR.\PHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY ]503 Millersville, thus fitting himself very thoroughly for the profession of teaching, which he followed for one term in Schuylkill county, and nine terms in Dauphin county, and then went to Orwigsburg, in the former county, where he opened up a livery busi- ness, which he closed up eighteen months later, to come to Maytown, where, in 1881, he started in the mercantile business, and for twelve years was one of the leadmg merchants of the place and a prominent man of affairs. Since 1885 he has been a justice of the peace, his services giving such universal satisfac- tion that he has been retained in the office ever since. On Nov. 2, 1881, in Maytown Mr. Hicks was married to Miss Anna L. Markley, a member of one of the oldest and most prominent families in Lancaster county. The children of this union are : Charles C. and Hettie L. Mrs. Hicks was born in the present family residence, in Maytown, a daugh- ter of the late John and Hettie L. (Fowler) Markley. John Markley was born in Strasburg, July 14, 1814, and passed out of life on Nov. 18, 1890, in the house where his widow now resides, a stone mansion in Maytown, and was buried in the Reformed cem- etery, in that place. His parents were Jacob and Barbara Markley, natives of Germany who settled in Strasburg many years ago, and made that city their permanent home, following an agricultural life, where the former died in 1822. The children born to Jacob and Barbara Markley were: Elizabeth, Barbara, Harriet, Susan, Benjamin, Jacob, John and George, all of them now passed away. On July 18, 1839, John Markley married Hettie L. Fowler, and their children were: Benjamin H., who resides with his mother; Eveline, deceased, who married Henry Honseal; Harriet, who. resides in Philadelphia, the widow of John K. Brown ; John L., who married Anna Miller, of Maytown ; Helen, who married Abraham Sloat, of Maytown; Anna L., wife of Mr. Hicks ; and Ray, who married Kate Hollinger. Until 1839, John Markley engaged in farming in his native locality, and then located in Maytown, where he assisted his brother for a few years, but then began peddling notions until i860, which prepared him for the mercantile business, which he then opened, and in which he engaged until within two years of his death. For many years he was a well-known figure in the commercial life of this community. His religious connection was with the Church of God. Mrs. Hettie L. (I'owler) Markley was born m Maytown, May 12, 1S18, a daughter of John and Hettie (Fowler) Fowler, of Strasburg, the former of whom moved to Maytown when still a young man, and as he was gifted in many ways, he followed various occupations, but was particularly successful as an architect and drew many of the plans which were used in the building of the bridges in this lo- cality His death occurred in 1862, at the age of eiehtv and the mother in 1859, at the age of seventy- three' 'and both were buried in the Reformed cem- etery' in Maytown. The only child of this marriage was Hettie L. The paternal grandfather was John Fowler, a native of England, who died in Marietta ; and the maternal grandfather was also John Fowler, of England, although there was no relationship. During his busy life in Maytown, Mr. Hicks has gained the respect of this neighborhood. He is a valued member of the Masonic order. In his re- ligious connection he belongs to the Reformed Church. GEORGE N. LEFEVER has for over forty years owned and occupied the beautiful farm in West Lampeter township which he still conducts. The highly improved condition of this tract, made so by his own efforts, would alone entitle him to a place among the most progressive and intelligent agriculturists of his section. It is a pleasure to record that such a creditable representative of Lancaster county's farming in- terests is one of her own sons, Mr. Lefever having been born July 25, 1829, at Millport, youngest son of John and Magdalena (Neff) Lefever. He had a twin sister, Barbara. Mr. Lefever remained under the parental roof until the death of his father, in 1856, and the following year (1857) was married to Miss Annie Landis, daughter of Benjamin Landis. Their first home was on a fifteen acre plot, now the property of Frank Landis, and in i860 Mr. Lefever purchased his present farm, in West Lampeter town- ship. The place was entirely unimproved, but it cost him $165 per acre. A great transformation has taken place during the intervening years, our subject having continued to improve the property until now it would be difficult indeed to name a convenience missing on his farm. His buildings, the residence of brick, and large frame barn have been built with much care and at a considerable cost. From his home can be had a splendid view of Lancaster City and of a wide scope of country, embracing the banks and valley of the Conestoga. George N. Lefever and his wife are the parents of the following children: Amos married Annie Groff, and they have eight children; Benjamin mar- ried Salinda Shirk, they have one son ; Mary is now Mrs. Rohrer; Lizzie; Landis is deceased; John, Aaron and Abraham are in Illinois. Mr. and Mrs. Lefever are members of the Old Mennonite Church. DAVID B. ESHELMAN, a prosperous general farmer in Mt. Joy township, Lancaster county, was born in Hanover tov/nship, Dauphin county. Pa., Aug. 20, 1865, a son of Daniel and Sarah (Basore) Eshelman, of Lancaster and Dauphin counties, re- spectively. Daniel Eshelman, the father, was born in 1837, and is a farmer in Dauphin county, whither he moved with his parents, Samuel and Elizabeth (Hoover) Eshelman, when he was about twelve years old. Samuel Eshelman was a carpenter in early life, but his last years were passed in farming, and he died in 1875, aged seventy-one; his wife 1504 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY died in 1899, aged ninety-two. They were members of the Dunicard Church. Daniel Eshelman married Sarah Basore, daughter of George and Elizabeth (Etter) Basore, the former of who died in 1892, aged eighty-five, and the latter in 1873, at the age of of sixty-five. David B. Eshelman remained a home until he was eighteen, when he began working for the neigh- boring farrners. He continued at this until 1893, when he came to his present farm, which he pur- chased from the Bishop estate. On Sept. 13, 1888, in Elizabethtown, Mr. Eshel- man was united in marriage with Miss Lizzie Bishop, who was born in Dauphin county, Sept. 29, 1868, a daughter of David and Barbara (Good) Bishop. To this union were born children as follows : Ada B., deceased; Anna B. ; Clayton H. ; Simon B., de- ceased ; L. May ; Harvey B. ; and Earl B. David Bishop was born in 1836, in Dauphin county, and is now living retired at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Eshelman. His wife Barbara Good, born May 13, 1843, died in 1884, and was buried in Geyer cemetery in Dauphin county. Their children were: Simon, a photographer in West Virginia; Joseph, a machinist in Elizabethtown ; Barbara, wife of Harry Lane, a farmer in Mt. Joy township; David, a farmer in Dauphin county ; Anna, residing, with Mrs. Eshelman ; and Lizzie, who became Mrs. Eshelman. Tlie grandparents of Mrs. Eshelman were Joseph and Elizabeth (Gingrich) Bishop and Joseph and Barbara (Ebersole) Good, all farming people of Lancaster county. In his political faith David B. Eshelman is a Re- publican. In 1901 he was elected school director, and he has ever been interested in the cause of educa- tion. He belongs to Zion Children's Church. HARRY J. STEHMAN, one of the leading farmers and dairymen of Lancaster township, is a worthy representative of one of the old and honored families of Manor township, where his father, H. H. Stehman, was born. The latter was widely known in the milling business which he followed there until 1894, at which time he retired from business life and now resides in Millersville. For a number of years Mr. Stehman was a local minister in the United Brethren Church, beloved and respected by the whole community. The marriage of Rev. H. H. Stehman was to Miss Barbara Herr, and the five children of this marriage are : Olive, who is the wife of C. E. Brubaker ; Alice, who is the wife of Aldus Barr, of Manor township ; Annie, who is the wife of Jonas Minich, of East Hempfield township; Isaiah D., who is a miller in Mt. Joy; and Harry J., of this sketch. Harry J. Stehman was born in Manor township, Dec. 8, r86r, and was reared on the home farm, obtaining his primary education in the public schools. This was supplemented by a course in the State Normal School in Millersville, from which he grad- uated. Mr. Stehman then took a commercial course in the Lebanon Valley College, returning then to take charge of the home farm, his superior education enabling him to follow intelligent methods in the de- velopment of its best resources. For a period of seven years, succeeding his marriage, Mr. Stehman farmed for himself, with success, at the close of this period moving to Millersville and engaging in the milk business. For nine years he continued in this very profitable business, and then located on the farm where he now resides. This compact and fertile tract comprises forty acres, and is situated about two miles southwest of Lancaster City. The marriage of Mr. Stehman was to Miss Ida Krotwell, and eight children have been born to this union : Blanche N., Annie T., Alice V., Walter K., Edward H., Paul K., Ida H. and Harry H., all still remaining at home, a happy, united family. Both Mr. and Mrs. Stehman are consistent members of the Methodist Church, of Millersville, Mr. Stehman being one of the stewards, and one of the liberal sup- porters of its charitable and benevolent enterprises. Mr. Stehman is one of the most intelligent, progres- sive and public-spirited citizens of his locality, and is identified with all enterprises which promise to be of benefit to his township or county, and stands high in public esteem. DANIEL McKILLIPS HERSHEY is a pro- minent young business man of Lancaster, now en- gaged in the grain and feed trade at No. 430 East Mifflin street. Benjamin H. Hershey, the grandfather of Daniel M., was a farmer at Leaman Place, and his father came from Switzerland. They were Old Mennon- ites and were among the first settlers of that faith in Lancaster county. Benjamin L. Hershey, son of Benjamin H., was a merchant nearly all his life, and had his business in the eastern part of the county nearly all his life. He died on his farm near Gordonville, May 12, 1889. His wife, Elizabeth McKillips, was a daughter of Daniel McKillips, a farmer in the eastern part of the county. To their union were born the following family: Daniel McKillips; Elam; Susan E., wife of Amos B. Myers, a farmer of Groffdale; and Anna E., unmarried and at home with her mother. Daniel McKillips Hershey was educated in the public schools of the district in which he was reared. At the age of eighteen years his schooling was ended, and he then devoted all his time to his father's farm. At the age of twenty-one he took that place on shares, working in that way for five years, when he came to the city of Lancaster, and entered the store of W. D. Sprecher, Son & Co., remaining in that establishment about a year and a half. About this tinie he found an opportunity of buying on very satisfactory conditions the grain and feed business of William F. Denlinger. This he did, and taking possession in the summer of 1900, immediately en- larged the business in every way, carrying a larger and more varied stock, furnishing his patrons with BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1505 the best of everything in his line, and securing a rapidly growing patronage. Mr. Hershey makes a specialty of horse, cattle and poultry powders, which had been sold in this county for twenty^four years, but which he now holds as an exclusive line from the original owners and makers. Mr. Hershey belongs to one of the Old Mennon- ite families in this county, and his upright and honest life presents a practical illustration of the formative power of the Mennonite teaching in secur- ing those primal attributes of manhood — sobriety, industry and honesty. PETER R. GISH, proprietor of the Conoy Feed and Chop Mill, on Conoy Creek, in West Donegal township, Lancaster county, was born about one and one-half miles from his present home, Aug. i, 1830, a son of John L. and Anna (Risser) Gish, na- tives, respectively, Of West Donegal township and Lebanon county, Pennsylvania. John L. Gish was a successful farmer, and a man of prominence in his community, which he served some years as tax collector and assessor. He died in West Donegal township in 1880, at the age of seventy-eight, and his widow passed away in 1898, at the of eighty-three. Their remains rest in Bass- ler's Meeting House- cemetery. The wife and moth- er was a member of the Mennonite Church. To John L. Gish and wife were born children, as fol- lows • Peter R. ; Abraham, deceased ; Jacob, a re- tired farmer in West Donegal township ; John, de- ceased ; .Samuel, on the old homestead in West Done- gal ; Anna, who died young ; and David, deceased. Peter R. Gish remained at home with his parents until 1856, when he went to East Donegal township, where for five years he engaged in farming. This was followed by three years on a farm in Rapho township, after which he went to Mt. Joy, and there passed three years in the butchering business. He was quite successful in this work but finding if not as congenial to his tastes as farming, he returned to East Donegal township and there engaged in farm- ing until his removal to his present home. He be- gan the operation of the mill by hiring an engineer and miller, from whom he thoroughly learned the business. In 1898, he quit the manufacture of flour, and has since devoted himself to the other products of the mill. Mr. Gish has been twice married. On Dec. 5, 1854, he was wedded to ]\Iiss Mary Nissley, and to their' union came the following children : Abraham N., who died voung; David N. ; Anna N., who died young; John N., deceased, who married Barbara Hoffman ; Peter N. and Daniel N., twins, the former unmarried and with his father, and the latter of whom wedded Barbara (Hoffman) Gish, widow of his brother John ; and Eli, a carpenter of Elizabeth- town, Pa., who married Lizzie Gingrich. Mrs. Mary (Nis,sley)' Gish, who was born in Mt. Joy township in 183 1". a daughter of Abraham Nissley, died in 1886, "and was buried in Kraybill cemetery. In 1890, in Dauphin county, Pa., Mr. Gish mar- ried for his second wife Miss Mary Ebersole, who was born in West Donegal township, Lancaster county, a daughter of Jacob and Anna (Ebersole) Ebersole, who since 1861 have resided in Dauphin county, where the former is a retired farmer and ex- township official. Jacob Ebersole was born in 1823, and his wife in 1827, and they were both reared in the faith of the Mennonite Church. Their children, besides Mrs. Gish, were : Fanny, who married Eli Westingbergcr, of Lebanon county, Pa. ; Anna, who became the wife of Christ Brill, and was accidentally drowned in the creek ; Martha, who wedded David Westingbergcr, of Lebanon county : and Eli, Martin and John, all three farmers in Dauphin county. Mrs. Gish's paternal grandfather was Jacob Eber- sole, and her maternal, Peter Ebersole. The last named married a Rutt. Peter R. Gish is public-spirited and progressive. In politics he is a Republican, and he has served his township as school director six years, and as auditor for a like period. Like all- his family he is a Men- nonite in religious faith. ALBERT BROWN HAMBRIGPIT, son of Samuel and Leah Brown Hambright, was born Aug. 20, 1856, in Manheim township, Lancaster Co., Pa. He worked for his father (on the Grand View Farm, owned by B. J. McGrann) until the age of seventeen, when he began teaching in the public schools of his native township. He was graduated from the Millersville State Normal School in 1879 ; principal of the Franklin school. East Donegal township, in 1881 and 1882 ; princi- pal of the Manheim borough schools, 1882 and 1883 ; and superintendent of the Model School of his Alma Mater four years, from 1883 to 1887. He was admitted to the Lancaster County Bar in 1891 ; county auditor one term, three years, 1894, 1895 and 1896, and is at the present actively en- gaged in the practice of the law. Mr. Hambright married, in 1894, Annie Trear, daughter of Jacob and Annie Trear. To their union have been born two children, George and Marion. PROF. CHRIS BURGER, whose charming music store is at No. 6 North Prince street, Lan- caster, is the recognized leader of orchestral and brass band music in the city. Christian J. Burger, his father, came from Ger- many to the United States in 1848, and settled in Reading, where he died in 1883. His wife was Miss Annetta Kaul, a sister of the Very Rev. An- thony F. Kaul, of St. Anthony's Catholic Church; Lancaster, and from this union have come six sons, four of whom are now living: Dr. A. J. Burger, now the coroner of Brooklyn ; Dr. Francis J., also of Brookl3ai; Rev. Clement S., pastor of the new Catholic Church of the Sacred Heart, Lan- caster; and Prof. Chris. Burger. 1506 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Prof. Chris. Burger was born March 27, 1859, and was educated at Notre Dame, Indiana. Com- ing to Lancaster in 1892, he became the leader of the Fulton Opera House orchestra, a position he has held to the present time, to the delight of all music-loving people of the city. Since the opening of the Conestoga Park Theatre he has been musi- cal director there. In 1896 Prof. Burger opened a music store on West King street, which proved a success from its beginning, and which he has successfully conducted to the present time in con- nection with his orchestral work. In 1898 he re- moved his store to No. 6 North Prince street, where he is found to-day. Prof. Burger has been interested in musical matters far beyond the limits of Lancaster. For eight years he led the music for Buffalo Bill's "Wild West Show," and for fifteen years he was leader of various traveling orchestras, during his time being with Alice Oates, "The Black Crook," the Boston Opera Company, "The Fakir," "The City Directory," and various other well known at- tractions. He is also the leader of Burger's Mili- tary Band, which is composed of twenty-eight pieces, and which has had a successful existence of eight years ; while IBurger's Orchestra, composed of a dozen or more instruments, is one of recog- nized musical organizations of Lancaster. Prof. Burger was married, in 1889, to Miss Emma Stewart, of Lancaster, and this union has been blessed with one child, Pirmin, who is now at school. Prof. Burger belongs to the Church of the Sacred Heart, of which his brother is the beloved priest, and is also a member of the Knights of St. John. Of a genial nature, a most pleasing personality, and withal a most earnest student of music, Prof. Burger has made his name as familiar as household words in Lancaster, and it is always associated with* a most pleasant subject — good music. REV. WILLIAM G. CAIRNES, son of George and Mary A. Cairnes, was born near Jarrattsville, Harford Co., Md., Feb. 18, 1839. His early edu- cation was secured in the public and private schools of the neighborhood. He prepared for college at Tuscarora Academy, Academia, Juniata Co., Pa., of which Prof. J. H. Shumaker was then principal. He graduated from Lafayette College, Easton, Pa., in 1865, and was Latin salutatorian of his class. One year after graduating was spent in teaching at Tuscarora /ecademy. He graduated from Prince- ton Theological Seminary in 1869, and was licensed to preach by the Presbytery of Baltimore in 1869, and in September of the same year was ordained and installed pastor of Cream Ridge and New Egypt Presbyterian churches. New Jersey. In the summer of 1876 he resigned these charges, and in April. ^877, entered upon the pastoral work in the Middle Ocforara Presbyterian Church at Bart, Lancaster Co., Pa., the position which he still (1903) occu- pies. This is among the oldest Presbjlerian churches in Lancaster county, having been organized in 1727, Rev. Alexander Craighead being the first pastor. It is not known who were his successors until 1780, when Rev. Nathaniel W. Sample became pastor and remained such until September, 1821. He was followed by Rev. Joseph Barr, from 1823 to 1844; Rev. Soloman McNair, from 1846 to 1853 ; Rev. Joseph M. Rittenhouse, from 1853 to 1873 ; and Rev. William J. Henderson, from 1874 to 1876. Since 1880 Mr. Cairnes has served as stated clerk of the Presbytery of W^estminster, and has twice re])resented the Presbytery in the General Assembly — in 1884 at Saratoga, N. Y., and in 1898 at Wi- nona, Ind. On June 18, 1902, the Presbytery of Westminster and the congregation of Middle Oc- torara Church joined in observing the one hundred and seventy-fifth anniversary of the organization of the church and twenty-fifth anniversary of the pres- ent pastorate. There were interesting exercises, historical sketches of the church and its various pastors, and numerous letters of congratulation, as well as presents, from various sources. Rev. J. M. Galbreath, of Lincoln University, speaking on the "Lights and .Shadows of Twenty-five Years' Pastorate," said, among other things : "Mr. Cairnes, -who has been among you for twenty-five years, is the most thoroughly tested man in this comniimity. He has moved among you and there is scarcely a home in which he has not been, in time of joy or sadness. Part of the time he has been in his study, but brought his thoughts to you through the pulpit. There is no friendship so precious as the friendship between a pastor and his people, made and cemented in a pastorate ©f twen- ty-five years. There is another joy — ^that of being a teacher. As the student's face lights with thoughts of achievement, his joy and that of the teacher are the same. I have never heard of a shadow on Mr. Cairnes's pastorate, but no doubt he has had them, as we all have at some time, in our life. Lights and shadows make up our lives, but Mr. Cairnes's has mostly been of lights. This work and servant is to be recognized by the Master." In October, 1869, Mr. Cairnes married Miss Isabel Ann Patterson, daughter of Robert and Mary (Lyon) Patterson, of Spruce Hill, Juniata Co., Pa., and she has been his companion and helpmate during his ministerial service. They have three children. Marv Lyon, Robert Patterson and Anna Belle. F. M. LENNOX, of Georgetown, Lancaster Co., Pa., is a typical self-made man — a man who, with little opportunity for scholastic development in boyhood, became " a man of letters" in the fullest sense, being not only a master of English, but a linguist as well. Mr. Lennox was born in County Londonderry, Ireland, Province of Ulster, July 20, 1832. His father was Andrew Lennox, and his mother was BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1507 Elizabeth Marshall, born in County Londonderry, and, although of Irish descent, came of good Scotch Episcopalian stock. Andrew Lennox was a suc- cessful farmer. The children born to his union with Elizabeth Marshall, were: Marshall, who was an evangelist in the Salvation Army, and died in Australia; James, of Ireland, deceased; Isabella, married and living in Ireland; Mary Jane, now the wife of Mr. Green, living in San Francisco, Cal. (]Mrs. Green is an experienced traveler, hav- ing made a tour of the world with her oldest son in 1870) ; F. M., of Georgetown ; Andrew, who died in Australia, whither he had gone in quest of gold ; Sarah, living in Ireland, who is the mother of twelve children; William George, living on the old homestead, the wealthiest man in his township of Aughrim ; Charlotte, deceased wife of John Stan- ley, of Illinois. The only son of Andrew Lennox to come to America was F. M., who came here with his cousin, John Bell, in 1846. F. M. Lennox had improved his opportunities in early youth, and, although but fifteen years old when he landed in this country, had considerable knowledge of Latin and Greek, and was also fairly familiar with the German lan- guage. After spending two years in New York and vicinity, young Lennox returned to his native land, remaining there only six months, during which time his mother died. Again returning to America, Mr. Lennox went directly to Parkesburg, Chester Co., Pa., where he hired out to do farm work at $8 per month. After pursuing this vocation for a time, attending school in the winter, he made his home with the afterwards famous Dr. D. Hayes Agnew, Christiana, Pa. This was in 185 1, and that year Mr. Lennox began teaching school; this was the memorable year of the Christiana Riot, of which he was a witness. He taught school for thirty-one consecutive terms, and during his vaca- tion attended the Millersville Normal School, hav- ino- been the first student to make application, al- though on account of sickness he did not register. It is, however, an undisputed fact that he was the first student, arriving there one week before school opened. This was m 1855. He had previously attended the Unionville Academy, and the Marietta Academy, making in all six terms at these several institutions of learning. Mr. Lennox purchased his present home, m the village of Georgetown, in 1862, and he also owns another property adjoining. His postoffice address is Bart Pa. He was married in 1875 (on Christmas Day) to Miss Abbie Hershey, of Mennonite par- ntaee a native of Lancaster county, and daughter en of Tosiah and Mary Ann Hershey, and seven chil- dren have been born of this union. These children are Charles H., living in Lancaster ; Mary H wife of William P. Trout, telegrapher, of Leaman Place ; Georo-e H druggist, of Philadelphia; Josiah H., living in Pittsburg; Joseph H., of Philadelphia; Bessie H., and Francis H., at home. 05* Mr. Lennox is a member of the M. E. Church, a Republican in politics, and withal a gentleman of far more than ordinary intelligence and ability, being not only a successful educator, but possessing wide and comprehensive knowledge of affairs in general. JOSEPH FI. LONG, blacksmith, Lancaster, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. THE DOUGLAS FAMILY. "The broad breast of a Douglas has been Scotland's best bul- wark," said the king. Archibald the Grim, the "Good Sir James," and others of the name, are his- toric figures. For many centuries the Douglas was a man of iron will, dauntless courage, and a mighty force in Scotland. Sir Walter Scott grows enthusiastic over the patriotism and the martial re- nown of the old race, born fighters and rulers for a thousand years, but no less as the old song has it, "Douglas, tender and true." It is little wonder that men find gratification in running back on sure lines to such ancestry. It stirs the blood at times to know that there have been such men and women among one's grandfathers and grandmothers, remote and near, and is cause for profound gratitude, not shal- low pride nor weak vain-glorying. We have been looking through a very interest- ing "Douglas book" belonging to Miss Rebecca Perkins, of Coatesville, publislied some twenty-five years ago in Rhode Island, which .traces through a half-dozen generations a branch of the Douglas family that came to New England about 1656. In it we find brief mention of Archibald Douglas and his son George, after whom Douglasville. in Berks county is named. The Pennsylvania branch of the family comes in the next generation. Four brothers, three of them young married men, came from near Edinburgh, Scotland, about 1725, per- haps 1728, bringing with them their household be- longings. They were Andrew, James, Thomas and Archibald. The date could not have been much earlier than this, for Andrew died in 1742, at the age of forty years, Archibald in 1756, aged sixty-one years, and James in 1757, aged sixty years. The descendants of two of these men, Andrew and Archibald, are numbered by thousands, and include not a few of the best families in Pennsylvania. They are said to have chartered a ship for them- selves and immediate friends, and to have brought with them from their old home whatever promised to make life more comfortable in the new world. This included China and glassware, linens, bedding, household utensils, and much good furniture, solid mahogany and walnut upholstered in leather, most of which has become scattered through time, but some of it still prized as heirlooms. One of these things, known as the "Douglas clock," we saw re- cently in the home of Miss Margaret Douglas Wil- son Latta, No. 3902 Chestnut street, Philadelphia. It is a large eight-day grandfather's clock, with 1508 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY fine works and very heavy brass weights, thought to be of French manufacture, that was brought from Scotland by Archibald Douglas nearly two hundred years ago. How long it was in the family before they emigrated to America is unKnown. But it has ticked away the lives of a half-dozen genera- tions on this side of the sea, and is doing its work for the seventh. It passed to Margaret Wilson from the home of her father; then to the home of a second Margaret Wilson, her daughter-in-law; then to her daughter. Airs. Margaret Whitehill; then to her daughter, Mrs. Margaret Latta ; then to her daughter Margaret, the fifth Margaret in direct line of succession, who has been its fortunate owner. The poet Longfellow might have iieard in the meas- ured beat of this grand old timepiece the refrain, "Forever-never 1 Never-forever !" even more dis- tinctly than from his "Old Clock on the Stair." They landed in Baltimore, and are said to have spent some time on the headwaters of the Chesa- peake, but finally moved north into Pennsylvania, taking up choice tracts of land in what is now the extreme eastern part of Lancaster county. They built their homes in the forest, and were also of the small company to erect an Episcopal church of logs on the old Lancaster road, near "The Com- pass," which they named "St. John's." It was af- terwards replaced by one of stone. The third church of stone stands on the same ground. One of them, it is said, gave the land for this church and graveyard, and here they all lie buried. Two of them were trustees of the congregation. The building was but a modest structure of hewn logs, like many another backwoods meeting-house that has since grown to grand proportions. These early settlers believed in the church and the school. The "Compass church" and graveyard are just beyond the county line, being in Chester instead of Lancaster county, but its membership has always been largely from the latter county. It is not only one of the oldest but also one of the most interest- ing from its historical associations in eastern Penn- sylvania. The graves of some of the Douglases are marked by quaint headstones. One reads : "Esqr. Andrew, son of Lord Douglass," another, "Jane, wife of Andrew Douglas, daughter of the Earl of Ross, died 1742." They said they were of the old race ; they believed it ; all their immediate descendants believed it ; and we believe it, too. Lancaster county was formed from Chester May ID, 1729. The warrantee deeds on record for Lan- caster shortly after that date show that Archibald Douglas took up two hundred and fifty acres in 1733 and seventy acres in 1738; James 100 acres in 1738: Archibald and Edward, the son of James, 500 acres in 1743 ; Thomas paid tax on 300 acres during these years, which he may have owned be- fore the county was organized; we do not know. J. Watson Ellmaker, of Lancaster, a gentleman much interested in the early history of the county, writes: "I have a copy of the will of Conrad Rut- ter, dated 19th day of April, 1734. The witnesses of his signature are Andrew Douglass, Jean Doug- lass, and James Douglass. This Conrad Rutter was born in Prussia, was obliged to leave his native home on account of religious persecution, went to England, became identified with the English, was an Episcopalian in faith, which is proved by his name being on the old records of St. John's, in Pequea, built in 1729. The following tradition came to me, of which 1 have some proof: Conrad Rutter's wife was a Douglas; left England (Scot- land?) in 1683, came over in the ship America, Joseph Wassey, captain. First settled in German- town, afterward went up to Montgomery county; took up lands and improved them; before 1720 came up to Chester county, near where the Douglases settled, and took up 588 acres (of which John P. McCaskey has the draft) . Conrad Rutter had four sons, Andrew, Joseph, Peter and Conrad, Jr. His oldest son Andrew inherited the Montgomery coun- ty farm. By his will, dated April 19, 1734, he divided this tract of 588 acres among his three youngest sons. His son Peter sold his farm and bought another near the Douglases. He died in 1772, and is buried in St. John's churchyard." We have thought it possible that the wife of Conrad Rutter may have been in America long before her brothers, and that her letters home may have in- duced them to emigrate. If so, some discrepancy in the dates may easily be accounted for. Thomas Douglas left no children; James, who died Nov. 8, 1757, had one son, Edward, who in 1743 took up a large tract of land along with his Uncle Archibald. The will of Edward Douglas is dated April 8, 1761, Gabriel Davis executor. His children were Mary, Margaret, Jane, Catharine, James and Archibald. Andrew died Jan. 20, 1742, and his wife sur- vived him but. a few days. In 1740 he was commis- sioner of Lancaster county. Their children were George, born March 25, 1726, died March 10, 1799; Mary, born 1734, died Feb. 14, 1807, married John Elliot. There may have been other children. The Douglas family of Douglassville is descended from Andrew, also the Buckleys, Leafs, McCalmants, Keims, Jenkins and others, making a large family connection. George married Mary Piersol April, 1747. who was born Aug. 23, 1731, and died Oct. 12, 1798. in 1 76 1 he settled in Amity township, Berks county, where he lived until his death. He was a justice of the peace before the Revolutionary war. From 1772 to 1784 he was one of the judges of the county court. He was a soldier in the Revo- lution, a captain in Lotz's battalion for the Flying Camp, and was in the battle of Long Island. [See Montgomery's history of Berks county in the Rev- olution.] He was also one of the commissioners chosen by Congress in 1776 to sign issues of Con- tinental bills of credit. Their children were: Rich- ard, born 1748; Elizabeth, 1750; Jane, 1752; Mary, 1754, married Richard Graham; Rebecca, 1757, 9 ^ = f o r a » p 2 ft n s >T3 ^1 ? ? 2 K si S* W s s - 2. s -J 3 » » W I c ■ o o m z m > H O z 0) n n i i# This picture of ' ' Four Generations ' ' is published partly by request, but mainly in honor of one of the best of mothers. A fact of some interest in regard to it is that each of three younger members of the group here given is the oldest of a family of seven chil- dren, each family having its five sons and two daughters. The great-grandmother, venerable in years but young in heart, who, on June 14th, 1898, will be eighty-eight years of age, comes of a strong, brave, intelligent and generous ancestry, which includes Scotch, Scotch-Irish, Welsh and German-Swiss, all of whom came to Pennsylvania long before the war of the Revolution and at very early times in the his- tory of the colony. Through a life unusually long and active she has retained her bodily senses unimpaired, never caring even to use spectacles. Her hand and heart have always been busy for others with little thought of herself, and in this, and her child-like trust from day to day in the Divine care and guidance, lies the secret of her perennial youth. It is a rare blessing to be the son of such a mother. We can pay her no better or truer filial tribute than that which we wrote on the back of her photograph some years ago when sending it to a friend : My Dear Cousin : Pardon my delay in sending you this picture. It is a face that has a life-history behind it. Tried by sorrow but true to duty, patient in suffering, hopeful amid disappointments, unselfish, tender, loving and beloved — a better woman I have never known than this reverent Christian mother. She is that of which angels are made, or, if not, there is nothing else on earth good enough out of which to make them. I can wish you no fairer crown of blessing than that a son, who has known to his eternal gain not a few good people, shall say thus much of you when you are old. The representative of the fourth generation is a little girl who has also, thus far, had a very busy and unselfish life, sharing with her mother the constant care of a growing family of children full of animal spirits, health and energy. This little maiden has been like her great-grandmother, in that she has been constantly and gladly caring for others with all the beauty of unconscious self-sacrifice. Can anything better come to her in life, though her age of eleven years grow to be eight times what it is and she also attain to the years of her aged ' ' Grandma ? ' ' The representative of the third generation is rated one of the most capable and efficient officers of his rank in the army. He has seen service in different parts of the country, chiefly in Utah and Wyoming, and in the Sioux campaign, and was for four years military commandant at the Pennsylvania State College. At the expiration of this detail he made a special trip of three weeks to Europe, in which, while visiting eight or ten leading cities, he went nearly as far east as the Black Sea, making an average rate of more than five hundred and fifty miles per day for twenty-two days. He wrote a sketch of this remarkable trip for the November number, 1896, of The Pennsylvania School Jounial. This picture was taken the day before he left Lancaster for his new post of duty at Platts- burg, on Lake Champlain. He is now with his regiment at Tampa, Florida, where a part of the army has been concentrating for the advance into Cuba. God-speed ! to them all — and a safe return ! * The representative of the second generation is "a looker-on in Venice " who has seen and heard and known some very good people there, and finds the world each year richer in its wonders of nature and wealth of art. It is his hope that this blessed experience of life may be continued, with an ever -broadening horizon through what is left of To-day and for the endless To-morrow. j^^ i t 18 8 *This page i-s reproduced as printed in .898. Since that date Captain McCaskey has seen much arduous service in Cuba and the Phdippme Islands of wh.ch some account is given elsewhere. He is now ( ,903) stationed at Fort Snelling, Minnesota. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1509 married Mordecai Piersol; Bridget married James May (her daughter married Gen. Keim, of Read- ing) ; Andrew, 1762, married Rachel Morgan; and George, 1767, married Mary Lea. Elizabeth, their oldest daughter, was married Oct. 30, 1770, to John Jenkins, of Caernarvon, Lancaster county. He died March 7, 1810, aged seventy-eight, and she died April 4, 1825, aged seventy-five. Their children were: Mary, born 1774, married Peter Trego; George, 1776; WiUiam, 1778; John, 1780; Rebecca, 1782, married Thomas Morgan, and settled in Ve- nango county; Andrew, 1785; Elizabeth, 1787, married Isaac McCalmant; Hannah, 1790. George, their oldest son, married Catharine Hamilton Aug. 20, 1800, daughter of James and Catharine Hamil- ton, a cousin some degrees removed, who was the daughter of Margaret Douglas by her first mar- riage ; their descendants are numerous. Archibald Douglas, who died Nov. 26, 1756, left eight children: Thomas, born 1722, died 1794, married Joyce Hudson Aug. 4, 1763 ; John, a miller and judge of the court of common pleas, 1 759-1 761 ; Archibald, had 200 acres of land in 1759; George, nothing of record; Mary, married George Boyd, many descendants ; Jane, married Gabriel Davis, many descendants ; Margaret, married twice, Pat- rick Carrigan and John Wilson, many descendants ; Ann, unmarried. Thomas left his estate to his brother-in-law, Gabriel Davis, subject to legacies of 2,200 pounds and a small annuity to the "Com- pass Church." Margaret Douglas (1730- 1786) was married to Patrick Carrigan October, 1747. They lived in Lampeter township on the Pequea creek. He died Oct. 15, 1756, and was buried in St. John's church- yard. He left a large estate, including 700 acres of land. Their children were: Jane, born June 13, 1750, married Jonathan Coats ; Catharine, born June 26, 1753, married James Hamilton Feb. 24, 1769, died Sept. 11, 1787, and Patrick, born Aug. 24, 1755, died June 5, 1779. Patrick Carrigan left John Wilson executor of his estate and guardian of his children. John Wilson (1729-1803) after- ward married Mrs. Carrigan. They had five chil- dren, Margaret, born April 12, 1759; John Doug- las, Nov. 25, 1761; Ann, Sept. 20, 1764; Susanna and Mary. Margaret Wilson, the oldest daughter, married and moved to Ohio. John, their son, mar- ried Margaret Eckert Aug. i, 1786. The old house is still standing in which they were married by the Lutheran clergvman. Rev. Frederick Tiling, who was in charge of St. John's Episcopal Church from 1784 to 1788. Their children were : John Douglas, Margaret, Catharine, Elisha and Mary. John mar- ried Rachel Jones, a sister of Hon. J. Glancey Jones, of Reading," who was postmaster-general under Pre.sident Buchanan. Their ten children were: Clarissa, Margaret, Oliver, Richard, Steven, Sarah, Francis John, George and Victoria, of whom four are still living. Margaret, sister of John, married Samuel A.tlee Whitehill. Her daughter Margaret married Dr. William S. Latta, and their children are: Dr. Samuel W., William J., John S., Mar- garet D. W., and Mary. Catharine, sister of John, married John Piersol. Their children were : Cyrus, Charlotte, Margaret and Mary, of whom Cyrus died unmarried; Charlotte married Thomas Mc- Causland, two children ; Mary married Dr. William Jones, four children; and Margaret married Will- iam McCaskey, seven children, four of whom have large families. Among these are Dr. J. P. Mc- Caskey, teacher and publisher, of Lancaster, and sons Edward, Richard, Walter and Donald; Dr. J. B. McCaskey and sons Joseph and Harry; Col- onel William S. McCaskey and sons Hiram, Gar- rison, Douglas and Charles; Cyrus, a well known railroad man; Newton, a dentist, in Harrisburg; and Mrs. James H. Marshall and family, of Lan- caster, three or four of whom are named at some length in the present volume. Elisha was married but left no children. His sister Mary married Isaac Ringwalt, three daughters. Her grandson, David R. Thompson, is editor and publisher of the Car- lislr. Snniinrl. The Wilson family came into Lancaster county about the same time as the Douglases, and were of Scotch or Scotch-Irish descent. They were a very stanch and vigorous peop>. The records show that from twelve to fifteen thousand acres of land were taken up by Wilsons in Lancaster county. We remember well how delightfully an old grand- uncle, John D. Wilson, used to touch the strings of his violin for his own pleasure or for the dance at home in the evening after the day's work on the farm was done. He was stalwart, had a mighty hand, and a voice that could be heard for a mile when he went out to call the hounds, or gave or- ders to some one at a distance. For many facts and dates given in this too- hurried sketch we are indebted to Robert E. Jen- kins, of the law firm of Jenkins & Louthridge, Chi- cago; Mrs. Sarah Wilson Louderbach, of High- land Park, Chicago; Rev. Horace Edwin Hayden, of Wilkesbarre; W. W. Dayis, of Sterling, 111.; William J. Latta and his sister, Margaret, of Phila- delphia, and others. It is not exhaustive in any sense, but may contain facts or dates that will be helpful to others interested. Its. main purpose is to recall some names that have almost passed into oblivion. We take space, in closing, for a tribute from one descendant of this fine old race to another. Dr. J. P. McCaskey to his mother, Margaret Pier- sol McCaskey, whose face is seen in the picture of the '"'Four Generations" which appears herewith. It was at the close of an address written just after her death upon the subject, "In the Beginning God." He says : "Why have I taken a subject like this at this time.' Well, first, because of its great importance; and, again, because when the request came for i paper to be read here, this was the thought which r i rW ii T iiiii i l l 1 1 •'■ ifiifiriil lolO BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY had been in my mind for days, and I cared little to turn to any other less impressive or less attrac- tive. ■'I had seen one whom I have known for sixty years, a soul sweet and helpful, unselfish, and strong, and noble, pass slowly down into the Valley of the Shadow. After a lingering illness of many months — a kind of restful and patient waiting for the end — she passed away peacefully into 'the rest that re- maineth for the people of God.' Her life had been spent in deeds of kindness and glad service to others, with almost no thought for herself. Every one who knew her loved her, and by no one of kind heart who has ever known her in her long and useful life does she seem to have been for- gotten. She was always young at heart, and could not grow old. Although eighty-eight years of age, her senses were well-nigh unimpaired, and she took, and enjoyed, and was grateful for every good thing that came to her, receiving it and speaking of it often as the gift of God. She had learned very early this rare lesson of life. To trust Him in dark hours of trial, And thank Him in moments of bliss. "By the cradle, at her work about the house, at the milking time about the barn, in the meadow and at the spring, in the service of the church, what voice so sweet as hers, clear and strong and melodious in every tone, in ballads, hymns, lulla- bies, and lilted tunes that had no words, but most of all in hymns with their high suggestion? 'Mar- get, sing something' — he always spoke her name in the old Scotch fashion, in two syllables, like that of Marget Howe, in the 'Bonnie Brier Bush' — was my father's frec[uent request. And every- body else seemed to ask it, too; for she sang as no one else I ever heard in my childhood at church or at home. It was as the bird sings, because she loved melody, and the song often gushed from her heart in sweet unconsciousness of any to listen and enjoy. And she sang, in quiet voice to the end, the old hymns of trust and love and hope, when the days were sometimes long, and when at times she was alone but never lonely. I have heard nearly all the great singers of the past forty years, but no inemory among them all is so fresh and joyous as that of my mother's songs. She inherited this gift from Scotch, Scotch-Irish, Welsh and German- Swiss ancestors, for they all loved music, and would tell us how they talked in their girlhood of the songs her father and mother sang together before their marriage nearly a hundred years ago. I used to fancy that she had caught into her voice the tones of the violins in the home of her childhood. Here is an interesting fact and a somewhat remarkable thing: She always s^ng three verses to 'Home, Sweet Home.' All the printed copies of this well- known song some forty or fifty years ago, and later so far as I know, gave but two. But the verse she sang between the first and last became so fixed in my memory, and was so necessary for me to com- plete the song — for as she sang it I loved it best of all — that I gave it place on the first page of the first number of the Franklin Square Song Collec- tion some twenty years ago. Since that time it has gone into many new music books for schools and for general use, and the song may soon be generally accepted in that form. The verse restored is as follows, and I hear her voice in it now : I gaze on the moon as I tread the drear wild, And feel that my mother now thinks of her child, As she looks on that moon from our own cottage door. Through the woodbine whose fragrance shall cheer me no more. "It was my mother's songs that gave impulse to the numbers of the Franklin Square Collection, which seems to have gone all over our own coun- try, and to be scattered through the English-speak- ing world ; and to hundreds of thousands of music pamphlets that have afforded pleasure and benefit I trust, to very many, young and old. "The prevailing thought of her fourscore years is the subject of this paper: 'In the Beginning, God' — always God. ,She went to her grave in the quiet evening of life, as was fitting, in the quiet evening hour, with the 'Well done !' of all who knew her, music of organ and choir, and the beautiful ritual of the Episcopal Church, with which she had been familiar for more than eighty years. Through all her life went sweet and sacred song, about her as an atmosphere, and at the end it was fitting there should be pealing organ and chant- ing choir, and the hymns she had sung so often and loved so well. It was fitting, too, that she should lie at rest in consecrated ground, within the shadow of the venerable church which she had known in youth, and by the side of one beloved al- most as a mother, whom, on this self-same spot, she had seen buried out of her sight threescore and ten years before. [Her aunt, Mary Wilson Ringwalt.l As I think of my mother the lines of Mrs. Elizabeth Barrett Browning come back to me with their profound suggestion : Of all the thoughts of God that are Borne inward unto souls afar, Along the Psalmist's music deep. Now tell me if there any is, For gift or grace, surpassing this — He giveth His beloved, sleep! And friends, dear friends, when it shall be. That this low breath is gone from me, And ' round my bier ye come to weep, Let one, most loving of you all, Say, "Not a tear must o'er her fall; He giveth His beloved, sleep!" "She has passed, we believe, from the shadow- land of time into the freshness and beauty of the glad morning upon the Delectable Mountains. I wonder sometimes if she has yet seen her mother, of whom she always spoke so tenderly, who died just seventy-five years ago, and who left so strong BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1511 an impress upon her child. Lapse of years is noth- ing to hearts that love forever. "It is inspiring to think what delight it may be in the next life to find glad souls, among them relatives generations removed in the line of ancestry, all in the bloom of eternal youth and vigor, who have long been diligent in labors of love and ser- vice, and who have grown more and more strong and lovable through the ages. What a thing is life, with" its long chain of ancestry and descent! And what depth of meaning, intellectual and spir- itual, in the Bible phrase, 'gathered to his fathers!' Not the archangel Gabriel himself, foremost of the heavenly host, can estimate the possibilities' in this connection which are suggested by a thought like • this: 'In the beginning, God!' — for, having Him, we may in the end have all of good and gladness that thought can suggest or heart desire. "I have known many good things in life, but the best of all has been the blessing of such a mother. If I have been able to do any good work in the world, the origin and spring of almost every- thing has been hidden back in that mother's teach- ing and that mother's love. Ability and readiness to improve opportunities that have come to me through others, have been largely due to my moth- er's life of unselfish devotion. "Two pleasant pictures come up before me: I call to see her regularly, and often as she lies in bed, week after week, not ill, but no longer strong and vigorous. In her bright, pleasant face there is a look of vouth that is past, and of immortal youth that is "fast coming. She greets me gladly when I come, and when I go thanks me cordially for getting in to see her. I laugh at her for thank- ing a son who comes to see his mother. But she was always a lady, courteous, polite, grateful for anything that gave her pleasure, so she says Thank you,' just the same. I ask her, in a way of pleas- antry to go along to church one Sunday mornmg shortly before the end. She smiles, and says with perfect, peace, 'All that is over now, and I have nothing left to do but to sleep and to pray. And. so she pravs-and sleeps-that I once knew so wakeful and devoted to her children and her house- hold duties that to me, as a child, she seemed al- most never" to sleep. The days pass and the end comes, with the sleep from which glad souls awake hiS the Eternal Morning. Even there I think that what was to her the best lesson o Time niay also be Ae g^eat thought of Eternity-'In the Beginning, God.T' " HENRY B. BECKLER, the lamented cashier f ^^^ ^SSvMri ?9t'wt°ontofrmoIt nSl? d Ss^r tfe historic Moravian settle- ment of I-ititz. Mr. Beckler was born at Emaus, Pa a son of Rev. Julius Beckler a prominen cler^ ravian College, his parents removed to Lititz, and young Beckler entered the dry-goods house of Ha- ger & Brother, in Lancaster, remaining there eight years; then returning to Lititz, Mr. Beckler be- came station agent for the Pennsylvania & Read- ing Railway Co., and also a member of the firm of Kauflfman & Beckler, dealers in coal and lumber. In 1873 he married Miss Sarah C, daughter of M. J. Weaver, of Lancaster. His wife and two sisters, Emma and Olga, and his step-mother, Mrs: Theodora Beckler, survive, the widow making her home in the beautiful Moravian settlement in which her husband had been so conspicuous a figure — his beloved Lititz. Mr. Beckler was for many years an elder in the Moravian Church of Lititz, and also a trustee of the Church and of Linden Hall Seminary. For long years he was a teacher in the Sunday-school, and was treasurer of it at the time of his death. All that is mortal of this lamented banker and church- man lies in the Moravian cemetery at Lititz, his re- mains having been borne to their last resting-place by the church trustees, the bank directors and hosts of other citizens of Lititz and the surrounding country attending the obsequies of the man who had been an honor to the community in which he lived, ADA.M GROFF, a retired farmer and highly respected citizen of Providence township, was born in that township Jan. 26, 1832, son of Jacob and Susan (Stoneroad) Groflf. Jacob Groff, the father of Adam, was a son of Henry Groflf, who was a son of John Grofif, better known in his locality as Swamp John Groff. Henry Groff was the father of seven children, namely: John, Jacob, Thomas, Benjamin, Susan, Annie and Elizabeth, all now deceased. . Jacob Grofif, father of Adam, was born in 1806 and died in 1857. In 1830 he was married to Susan Stoneroad, and their four children were: Adam; Thomas, of Provi- dence township; Frank, of Strasburg township; and HenrN. deceased. Adam Grofi" was reared on a farm and acquired his education in the public schools. Farming has been his business in life, and he has attained suc- cess through industry and frugality. Like many of his neighbors he started out in life with but small means, but has shown what can be accom- plished by steady eflFort and honest endeavor. Mr. Grofif owns one of the well tilled and well improved farms which have made Providence township so val- uable a part of Lancaster county. Since retirement from active work he has resided in his comfortable residence in New Providence, and is well known in the village and is most highly esteemed. His re- ligious leanings are toward the Mennonite belief, although he is not formally connected with that body. In politics he is a Republican, but has never aspired to office. , .• t- In 1855 Mr. Groff was married to Miss i^anny 1512 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Mowery, of Eden township, daughter of David Mowery, a farmer of that township. Four chil- dren have been l:iorn to Mr. and Mrs. Groff, namely : Jefferson F. ; Cora Elizabeth, wife of Samuel Hoff- man, of Harrisburg ; John M., a promising attorney of Lancaster ; and Miss Mary G., a popular teacher in the Providence township schools. Mr. Groff has been identified with the educa- tional advancement of his township for a long pe- riod, and has always been known in this community as a man noted for mtegrity and reliability. Few men of Providence township are more highly esteemed. REV. JOHN S. CRUMBAUGH. There hangs in the study hall of the Boys' High School of Lan- caster a strong life-size crayon head, by Reingru- ber, of Rev. John S. Crumbaugh, who was principal of this school from 185 1 to 1853. On another wall in the same room hangs the portrait of Dr. E. E. Higbee, who taught here for one year, 1853-54. These portraits are placed on the walls as a per- manent feature of the school in grateful memory of the two most inspiring men who have been con- nected with the High School at any time since its organization, in 1849. They were placed there for the constant sense of companionship with these great men which good portraits may give, and in glad recognition of their helpfulness to us and to all the old boys of fifty years ago. Mr. Crumbaugh came to Lancaster in the sum- mer of 1S51, and died here after less than eight years of such work as teacher, preacher and county superintendent of schools as will not be forgotten in generations. He was of vigorous German and Scotch ancestry. Conrad and John Krumbacb came from Germany when young, and settled in Frederick county, Md. Conrad married Miss Reid, a young woman belonging to a family of Scotch refugees, who left their country because of civil and religious intolerance. They had ten children, seven boys and three girls. Simon, the eldest son, was born at Woodsboro, Md., Oct. 24, 1772, and died at the age of seventy years. His children were Gideon D., born in 1806, and John D., born in 1808. The latter was the father of John S., who was born Nov. 7, 1831, at the old homestead within a mile of Woodsboro, Md., and died at Lancaster, Pa., Jan. 13, 1859. He had two older sisters. His only son, Dr. John W., was born Aug. 9, 1855. He married Mary Lavinia Develin, of Philadelphia, born ]\larch .24, 1859. They have had thirteen children. There were very few books in his childhood home, but the religious influence about him was positive. Both his grandfathers had been clergy- men. His father wished him to remain upon the farm, but the boy longed eagerly for knowledge of books and the world. In 1846 he entered the preparatory department of Pennsylvania College, at Gettysburg, which place has since become fa- mous throughout the world for the great battle fought there seventeen years later. His own beau- tiful valley, of which he spoke with enthusiasm. was that immortalized by the poet Whittier in "Barbara Freitchie." A year later he entered the Freshman class, carrying his work with ease and reading widely during his entire college course. In 1 85 1 he graduated, taking the first honor of his class. In the fall of the same year he became prin- cipal of the Boys' High School of Lancaster, be- fore he was twenty-one years of age, but looking from five to ten years older, and every inch the man of power. A man of noble presence, tall, well-formed, erect, calm; with kind eyes that saw everything, but al- ways too wise to act upon everything they saw; gifted with a man's voice of fine quality, _deep, resonant, and sympathetic; a man who would be noted in any assemblage — he impressed us all as the master. There was an element of insubordina- tion in the large school, but no boy cared to meet this man in honest defiance, while meanness and low trickery quailed and slunk abashed before him. He seemed fond of the study of etymology, and read Latin, Greek and German with facility. When we went with him on a botanical excursion, which he enjoyed, it was interesting to the boys to see him put one hand on the top rail, go to the other side of the fence, get what he wanted, vault back on one hand, and resume his walk as if it were all as easy as breathing. Fie was not only very active, but physically a very strong man. On one occasion, while principal of the High School, a number of gentlemen at his hotel, . the old "Exchange," on East King street, were talking of physical strength, and one of them, also of the farm and known to be of great strength, said confidently that he could put down any man in the company. Mr. Crumbaugh said quietly that he thought not. They cleared the space, and in a few moments the confident cham- pion was on the floor. The man who challenged the house was his friend and assistant in the High School, Kersey Coates, then reading law with Thad- deus Stevens. He afterward took a strong hand in the troubles in Kansas, and died some years sjnce, a millionaire, in Kansas City. The writer well remembers how for some boy- ish prank he was brought "to book," detained one day at noon, and, in the quiet room, Mr. Crum- baugh, taking the next seat, gave a half-hour or longer to the effort to have him see and do his duty. He required an apology to another pupil, an irascible lad, for some trouble come of a pin in the toe of a boot. He talked as we had never heard a man talk to a boy — and the boy, touched at last to the quick of his soul, promised to do as he wished, knowing that courtesy no less than duty required it. From that day he has loved that mas- ter with an undying affection. It was the best les- son of the year, and for that good deed of mastery we hope again to thank him. It was not, how- ever, until we had read the papers which, when dymg, he wrote for his little son, that we came to see why Mr. Crumbaugh should have been so kind and patient with a self-willed lad. Many another BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1513 has congratulated himself during all his manhood life that it was his good fortune to have been un- der this wise and strong teacher. It was always a pleasure to meet and talk with him. The last time we saw him was shortly before his death. It was a cold, bright winter day that we spoke with him for a few moments on the street. He wore a heavy fur cap and collar and gloves, every- thing for warmth that fur or wool could do, but the fatal chill had gone too deep for help. His raven black hair and beard in contrast with the pal- lor of his face made a picture not to be forgotten. But the brave eyes looked out steadily as of old, and the firm lines about the mouth were firm as ever. It was the soldier still on duty. Roman in firmness, Christian in quiet hope and patient en- durance : "Be thou faithful unto death." We have often thought of that day and that heroic figure, resolute as William the Silent, and, like him, hope- lessly dying by inches. His memory from earliest childhood was phe- nomenal. When twenty-seven years old and slowly dying of hemorrhage of the lungs, after having done such work as few men of seventy have been able to accomplish, he wished his little son, an only child — now Dr. John W. Crumbaugh, the eminent physician of Wilmington, Del. — ^to have knowledge of his father's life and thought when he might be old enough to understand and appreciate it, and so he began to write the story. But he had not gone beyond the fifth year of his childhood life when the summons came and he laid down the pen. It is a '"fragment" only, but of intense interest, giving in vivid "narration the thoughts and feelings of a child three, four and five years old. Dim impres- sions of very early childhood linger in our minds, but there is, for the most part, little that is definite as to facts or years. Now and then one whose mem- ory has been as the sensitive plate of the photog- rapher to receive and retain tells such a story, but it is seldom written down. It is rarest of all things in literature, and always read with unusual interest. These sketches by' Mr. Crumbaugh, if he had lived to complete them, would have been a rare book filled with suggestion for parents and teach- ers. They are a revelation of childhood unique m character, simple and striking in style, and afford evidence that the remarkable memory of Mr. Crum- bauo-h was his even from babyhood. He would write an address or sermon of twenty mmutes or half an hour and commit it to memory m little longer time ; would read ordinary history, or biog- raphy for an hour and give dates and the sequence of events with strict accuracy. At college his ready knowledge of the irregular verbs m Latm was a constant surprise to his classmates. He had com- mitted an old Latin grammar to memory when at the countrv school, before beginning the study of Latin at the preparatory school of PennsylvaJiia College at Gettysburg. It happened that the teacher boarding for a time at his father s house, and was the young lad was often in his room. One day, in overhauling his trunk, he threw out a few books, among them one with the back torn off and other- wise in a dilapidated condition. The boy picked it up, and. seeing in it many words in the English letter, but of whose meaning he knew nothing, he asked what it was. "Oh, that's what they call Latin." "Do you know it?" "Not very much of it." "Can you teach me to read it?" "Well, I can hear you recite what's in the book." And so he did. Word for word he took in the book — Latin, English, ev- erything — and his retentive memory held with mar- velous fidelity during life what was then so rapidly learned. It was either the old Brooks' and Ross's or Andrew's and Stoddard's Latin grammar, each of which contained an unusually large number of irregular verbs. While in the High School he studied theology under Rev. John C. Baker. In 1852 he was one of a number of young persons belonging to Old Trin- ity to open a Lutheran Sunday-school in the north- western part of the city. It was organized with twenty-two pupils and Mr. Crumbaugh as superin- tendent. In 1853 he resigned the principalship of the school, to carry out his original purpose of en- tering the ministry, assuming charge of the newly- organized Lutheran congregation, which usually assembled for worship in Fulton Hall or in the lecture room of the Moravian Church. It was about this time that he was married to Miss Susan Beates, daughter of Rev. William Beates, who died in 1867 in his ninety-first year, after a life of more than sixty years in the ministry. Mrs. Crumbaugh sur- vived her husband many years; She died March 5, 1901. It had been resolved, April 2, 1852, to organize the new church; May i8th a committee was ap- pointed to solicit subscriptions for the new build- ing; June 15th, on motion of G. M. Zahm, the church was unanimously named "St. John's Evan- gelical Lutheran Church;" Oct. 9th, the corner- stone was laid; March 5, 1854, the lecture room was opened for services, and on Dec. 24, 1854, the building having been completed, the consecration took place. The edifice, the plan of which was sug- gested by Ml'. Crumbaugh, and which he once told us he had found in an old book, cost about $20,000. Some defect in the structure caused it to be taken down a few years since, and on the same site now stands one of the most beautiful churches in Lan- caster, its noble tower a poem in stone. Mr. Crumbaugh was very successful in his new field, and before him had opened a promising future in the church at large. But, under the long strain of intense college life, then of school life supple- mented by the studies necessary in preparing for his ordination, and later that of the clergyman with demands from within his parish and without, for he still kept his hand upon the educational work as a member of the city school board and as a fre- quent lecturer before educational bodies — the strength of the heroic man gave way in a fatal direction, hemorrhage of the lungs. In speaking 1514 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY of this to the writer on one occasion, after describ- ing the first attack, he smiled and said : "You can little imagine how 'a man feels when he sees the stream of red blood flowing from his mouth and doesn't know where it comes from." He con- tinued his work with failing strength because of recurring hemorrhage until it became evident that to prolong his life somewhat he must be in the open air as nuich as possible. Accordingly, he ac- cepted the appointment of county superintendent of schools of Lancaster county — when County Su- perintendent Wickersham resigned to become prin- cipal of the State Normal School at Millersville — and to the direction of this work he gave the last two years of his useful life. The professional cer- tificate of the writer was awarded by him in, 1857. He traveled and worked day after day, dying, but resolute and patient, fighting the fight to the end. He examined a class of teachers, as he lay upon his bed too weak to be upon his feet, on the Saturday before his death. He died universally lamented, and his memory is cherished as a blessed influence wherever his presence was known. The tribute to his memory by Dr. Thomas H. Burrowes, his warm friend and ardent admirer, before the Teachers' Annual Institute, was the most impressive we ever heard from that distinguished man. In speaking of his death, editorially, in the Pennsylvania School Journal for February, 1859, Dr. Burrowes, who knew him well from long and close personal association, both as teacher and su- perintendent, writes : "This learned, able, con- scientious and indefatigable public officer died in Lancaster Jan. 13, 1859, in the twenty-eighth year of his age and the third of his superintendency. He is believed to be the first member of the corps of county superintendents removed by death, and truly may it be said that no more shining mark could have been selected from their ranks." The city school board, of which body he had been a member, resolved that "in his death we deplore the loss of one whose learning, zeal, urbanity and sound prac- tical sense in the discharge of his varied and diffi- cult duties was unsurpassed ;" that "as a teacher in the highest station in the gift of the board, the im- press made by him on the moral and intellectual nature of the youth committed to his care was such as entirely to justify that important trust;" that "the name of John S. Crumbaugh may be added to that of our most worthy citizens, a man whose brief life is a record of learning, usefulness and honor." Mr. Crumbaugh was endowed by nature with talents of a high order. He was a good scholar, one of the strongest . and best men we have ever known, and an executive officer of the first rank. Few men have lived to better purpose, though their working life may have been many times his own. He came to Lancaster a stranger in 1851, unheralded and unknown. He held, in quick succession — for with him the time was indeed "short" — three of the highest positions in our midst; the fore- most place as teacher, one of the foremost as preacher, and the foremost in supervision of gen- eral school work in city and county. He not only filled these high positions, but adorned them all. He had less than eight years in which to do all this great work ; and when he died, at the early age of twenty-seven years, three months and three days, it was said, and believed, that no other man in city or county was known, and honored, and beloved by so many people. Nor is this at all strange or to be wondered at, being the man he was. He met so many people, he knew so many, he was heard by so many, what he wrote was read by so many; and he influenced so many to better thought, wiser view, and higher purpose. His chosen profession was the ministry, and he took the priilcipalship of the High School as an aid to reach the work beyond. During the two. years in this position he proved himself a teacher who might have become one of the leading educators in the land. As pastor of "St. John's" he will be a tradition of the church for many gen- erations. Had his strong life been spared he would, we think, have become one of the most eloquent and influential men in the Lutheran Church in America. During the two years he filled the office of county superintendent of schools he exerted an influence in favor of popular education, and the improvement of the teachers. and the schools, such as can never be known or justly appreciated. Speaking the Ger- man language and understanding the German char- acter, his influence in the German districts was such as was possible to no other friend of education in Lancaster county. The quiet order and systematic plan which characterized his work enabled him to do far more than most men and to do it better. He greatly improved the teachers' institutes, utilizing every agency within his reach. The teachers knew him as a noble, sympathetic leader, who seemed a part of the school system itself. As was said by some one, "In him the common schools have a soul." Once in his room we handed him an autograph book and asked him to write his name. He took it and wrote : "A man that hath friends must show him- self friendly; and there is a Friend that sticketh closer than a brother." It is a blessed privilege to know men like John S. Crumbaugh. He died as he . had lived, a Christian in the best sense of that great word. The memory 'of his fine personality, his help- fulness, his self-sacrifice, his love of all things pure and good, his undying purpose to work while the day lasted, has in it all the old inspiration, though nearly a half-century has passed since his untimely death.— [J. P. M. ADAM LANDIS, one of the respected and suc- cessful farmers of Lancaster township, was born in East Lampeter township Sept. 4, 1834, son of John and Barbara (Stauflrer) Landis. John Landis, known as "Musser John," was born in East Lampeter township, where he lived BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1515 and died, following farming all his life. He died in 1857, a consistent member of the Old Mennonite Church. John Landis married Barbara Staufifer, and they had eight children: Israel (deceased), a farmer of Lancaster township ; Adam ; John, a farmer of East Lampeter township; Jacob, de- ceased ; Mariah, deceased, wife of Amos Herr ; El- mira, who died unmarried; Barbara, who died un- married; and Hattie, wife of Harry W. Sheibley. The early life of Adam Landis was spent as is that of the majority of farmers' sons, upon the farm, his education being received at the public schools. When he was twent^'-five years of age he assumed charge of the homestead, and conducted that farm until T878, when he moved to the farm of his uncle, Abram Landis, adjoining the Landis farm, and has since made it his home, having purchased it in 1880. Since coming into possession of this property Mr. Landis has improved it considerably, and also con- ducts a fine dairy, conveying his product to Lan- caster city daily. Some very valuable stone and sand quarries are located on his farm, and he also operates them extensively. Adam Landis married Miss Elizabeth Heller, and six children have been born to them : Harry H., a farmer, residing at home with his father ; An- nie, wife of Isaac Leaman, of Lancaster township; John, a farmer on his father's farm, who married Elizabeth Groi¥; Edwin, a farmer and teamster, also living on his father's farm, who married Emma Weaver: Amos, a clerk in the Conestoga National Bank of Lancaster city, who married Lillian Best; and Ira H., a florist, unmarried and at home. Mr. and Mrs. Landis are both members of the Old Mennonite Church, and enjoy to the fullest ex- tent the confidence of their neighbors and friends. For many years Mr. Landis has been one of the leading men of the township in local affairs, and al- wavs can be depended upon to assist in all measures tending toward the improvement of existing condi- tions, the improvement of roads and the bettering of the schools, he being in everv sense a public- spirited man and loyal citizen. JOHN F. RUTH, LL. D., justice of the peace of Warwick township, has not only become well known in that connection, but also as an educator and an expert surveyor and conveyancer. Mr. Ruth was born April 8, 1854, at Rothsville, Warwick township, Lancaster county, son of John Ruth, and grandson of Jacob Ruth. The latter, who was of Scotch descent, was born Sept. 16, 1704, and died Jan. 6, 1878. He was a cabmet maker and undertaker. He married Mary Spone- hower, who was born May 8, 1793, and died June 6 i8s8: she was of Welsh descent. ' John Euth, father of John F., was born June i; 1817 in Ephrata township, this county, and died Nov. 15, 1899. He was a carpenter by trade. He married Elizabeth Fry, who was also born in Ephrata township, June 5, 1823, daughter of Sam- uel and Elizabeth (Snyder) Fry, both of whom were of German descent. Mr. Fry was a bridge builder and carpenter by occupation. Mrs. Ruth passed away Jan. 10, 1885. John F. Ruth received his early education in the village school near his home, and commenced teach- ing in the public schools of the township in 1873. Meantime he- continued his studies, attending the State Normal School at Millersville in 1873-75. In 1879 he was granted a professional certificate by B. F. Shaub, county superintendent, and in 1880 he was granted a permanent certificate by the State Department of Public Instruction. In 189 1 he graduated with first honors from the Boston Home College, Boston, Mass. On May 9, 1903, the honor- ary title of LL. D. was conferred upon him by the Nashville College of Law, Nashville, Tenn. Mr. Ruth continued teaching with marked success un- til 1896, when he retired from the profession because of the pressure of heavy business cares. He had been elected justice of the peace of Warwick town- ship in 1 88 1, performing the duties of that incum- bency in connection with his educational work until he relinquished the latter. Mr. Ruth took the office as successor to Nathan C. Fry, Esq., and he has served continuously, having been honored with re- election every five years; his present term expires the first Monday in May, 1906. In addition to his other work, Mr. Ruth has engaged as a practical surveyor and conveyancer, in which line he has been recognized by the court and others as an expert. On Nov. 2, 1876, Mr. Ruth was united in mar- riage with C. Priscilla Lowry, who passed away March 10, 1893, and to this union came two chil- dren: Samuel M., born Nov. 18, 1877; and John L., born July 11, 1886. The elder son has taken up surveying and conveyancing as his profession; the younger is at present attending business college. In 1894 Mr. Ruth married again, his second wife being Miss Ada R. Reigart, of Lebanon county ; there are no children by this marriage. Mr. Ruth is connected with the United Evangelical Church, which he joined in 1892. In political sentiment he has been a Republican ever since he attained his majority. S. E. BUSHONG, Coal and Feed, Rothsville, Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. CLEMENT SMELTZ ERISMAN, who en- joys the distinction of being the first building in- spector that Lancaster has ever had, is not only de- scended from one of the oldest and best families in this section, but has made a record for himself—in private and public life — of which any man might feel justly proud. He is descended in a direct line from Melchoir Erisman, who came to America from Switzerland about 17 16, and purchased a con- siderable section of land adjoining the site of Lan- caster. He was a Mennonite in faith, coming to "the land of the free" because of religious perse- cution in his native country. Here he became a 1516 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY noted agriculturist, and his son Jacob, who was the great-grandfather of Clement S., was born and reared on the old homestead in Lancaster township. Jacob learned the carpenter's trade, and later he be- caine a contractor and builder, pursuing his busi- ness in the city of Lancaster, where he entered into rest at the age of ninety years. The next in line is another Jacob Erisman, the grandfather of Clement S., and after him came Jacob (3), the father of Clement S., who was a tailor for a great many years, until appointed a tipstaflf in the courts of Lancaster. He had previously been a street com- missioner and also a market master. He was a Moravian in religion. Jacob Erisman (3) married Elizabeth Smeltz, of Lancaster, whose father, Cle- ment Smeltz, was born in Germany. To this union came six children. Clement S. Erisman, one of the six children just referred to, was born July 15, 1838, and after re- ceiving an education in the public schools, terminat- ing in the high school, went to carpentering, at the age of seventeen. When twenty years old he went to Harrisburg, and, after a time, returned to Lan- caster. Again going to Harrisburg, Mr. Erisman there married Miss Salome E. Kleckner, a native of that city, the marriage occurring April 28, 1861. This union has been blessed with ten children, two of whom are deceased. The survivors are: Mary, wife of Milton Zercher, dispatcher for the Cones- toga Traction Co. ; Clara, wife of Harry Rossman, of the New Era job department; Bertha, wife of Wayne Longenecker, of Lititz, who was with Dewey at the battle of Manila ; Bessie, wife of Arthur Dor- sheimer, who is associated with his father, Peter Dorsheimer, in the wine and liquor business ; Harry M., who is following the carpenter's trade ; Clement G., a contracting house carpenter; W. P., who is studving architecture ; and Charles W., who recently left the Lancaster high school to help his brother, Clement G. Mr. Erisman became a member of Co. E, ist Pa. Militia, one year after his marriage, and responded to the emergency call. In 1869 he became a con- tracting builder in Lancaster, and among the not- able buildings erected by him are St. John's Luth- eran Church, the Lancaster County Bank building, the elegant home of the late Miss Catherine Long, at North Duke and East Orange streets, his own handsome home at No. 602 West Chestnut street, which he built in 1890, as well as very many others of the handsome private residences in the beautiful West End ; and every one of his buildings bore the saine evidence of conscientious care that distin- guished his career during the fourteen years that he was a member of the select council of the city, dur- ing which he served on the Special Water and other important committees, and during all of which time he "stood like a stone wall" against all attempted legislation that did not seem to carry with it the best interests of the tax-payers. It was eminently fitting, though, that he should have been honored with the position of first building inspector for the city of Lancaster. Mr. Erisman is socially a member of the Odd Fellows and Artisans ; religiously, a member of the M E. Church; politically, a stanch, true Repub- lican ; and, whether as private citizen, builder or public ofiticial, he will always be found "steadfast for the Right," as his judgment and conscience lead him to see the Right. HARVEY K. STORK. A resume of the business contingent directly responsible for the commercial stability of Adamstown would be incomplete with- out due mention of the family of Stork, extensively engaged in the tobacco business, and vitally inter- ested in all matters pertaining to the general growth of the town. Harvey K. Stork, manager of the firm of H. K. Stork & Co., sustains the reputation for enterprise and thrift established by his sire many years ago, and as a native son of this town, • where he was born, Oct. 21, 1867, is also one of its most esteemed and honored citizens. The Stork family possess the substantial traits of character which makes all well-born German- Americans valuable adjuncts to whatever com- munity they choose to ally themselves. Samuel Stork, his paternal grandfather, was born in Lancas- ter, Pa., long after his forefathers had sought this land of large promise for their future field of ac- tivity. He married Anna Regar, and to their union five children were born: Henry, a farmer near Adamstown; Kate, wife of Edwin Coldren, of Adamstown; William S., father of Harvey K. ; Samuel, a farmer of Adamstown; and John, also a resident of that vicinity. William S. Stork, the father of Harvey K., was born in Adamstown Dec. 13, 1834, and lived on the paternal homestead while receiving his educa- tion in the district schools. While yet compara- tively young he became interested in the tobacco business, of which he acquired extensive knowledge, and in which he branched out, establishing a large and lucrative trade. By his marriage with Susan Krick, daughter of Peter Krick, he became the fa- ther of seven children : Harvey K. ; Annie, wife of James StaufJer; Alice, wife of H. H. Zimmer; Charles (partner of Harvey K.), who married Bertha Boehringer; Harry, a partner of his fa- ther; WiUiam, deceased; and Ida, who died in in- fancy. As was natural under the circumstances, Har- vey K. Stork became conversant with the tobacco business during his boyhood, and under his father's able instruction, and example of success, decided that it was a promising occupation for his future livelihood. This impression was materially strength- ened in 1892, during which year his father pur- chased the tobacco factory of Samuel Prutzman, deceased, which he in time presented to his sons. Harvey K. and Charles, himself retaining the original Stork factory, operated under the firm BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1517 name of W. S. Stork & Son. The new firm was in- corporated under the firm name of H. K. Stork & Co., in the management of which Harvey K. Stork, profiting by his experience under his father, has has achieved pronounced success. His commodities are a staple on the market, and are sought after by those who appreciate fine goods in the tobacco line. In 1895 Mr. Stork married Ella, daughter of M. Gangaway, a farmer of Brecknock township, this county, and four children have been born to them: Jennie, March 5, 1896; Emma, Dec. 9, 1897; Lizzie, Sept. 6, 1899; and William, Oct. 4, 1 90 1. Mr. Stork is identified with the United Evangelical Church of Adamstown, of which his wife is a member, and he has numerous social ob- ligations in his native town. He is possessed of shrewd business sagacity, unquestioned integrity, and a tact which gains business and friends. WILLIAM MAJOR OSTER, one of the fore- most cement, curbing and paving contractors in Lan- caster, was born in Philadelphia, Pa., Feb. 18, 1848, a son of William and Elizabeth (Major) Oster, grandson of William Oster, and great-grandson of Henry Oster. William Oster was a blacksmith by trade, as was also his father, Henry, who served during the Revolutionary war, and died at the age of fifty-nine. During the war he came near freez- ing to death, supposedly at Valley Forge, his two companions succumbing to the severe cold. William Oster, the father of William Major, was a general blacksmith by trade, and with the excep-. tion of a temporary absence between the years 1844 and 1852, spent his entire life in Lancaster. His death occurred in 1872, when he was aged sixtv-one, and his wife died in 1855, at the age of forty-two. Born of this union were the following children : Reuben S., deceased ; Henry A., deceased ; Mary A., deceased wife of John Evans ; Elizabeth, Mrs. Lee, of Lancaster ; Margaret, wife of Grafton Cheney; Catherine, wife of James Fulton, of Bal- timore', Md., a cigar manufacturer by occupation: William M.; and Jacob, a blacksmith of Philadel- phia. . When four years of age William Major Oster came to Lancaster with his parents, and was edu- cated in the public schools of the city. When fif- teen years old he took up blacksmithing with his father, and completed his trade with the Lancaster Locomotive Works, thereafter following the busi- ness until 1876. He was then appointed chief mail- ing clerk in the Lancaster postoffice, a position he retained for ten years, or until he began his present contracting business. Socially Mr. Oster is con- nected with the Odd Fellows, and m political affil- iation he is a Republican. He is a member of St. John's Lutheran Church. In 1872 Mr. Oster married, in Lancaster, Har- riet A. Witmyer, daughter of Frederick and Fred- ericka'(Shiley) Witmyer. She was born in Man- heim. Pa., in Mav, 1844- Frederick Witmyer and his wife were born in Germany, and upon emigrat- ing to America settled in Manheim. Five children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Oster, viz. : Reu- ben S., traveling salesman for the Atlantic Refin- ing Co., of Lancaster, who married Elizabeth Riedel, a school teacher ; Estella W., a school teacher ; William W., a druggist at Lancaster ; Nellie L. ; and Mary E. Mr. Oster is the friend of educa- tion, and his children have all graduated from the high school. W. J. SMITH, manager of the Pennsylvania Trust Co., of Philadelphia, Pittsburg and Scran- ton, was born at Oxford, Chester Co., Pa., in 1848, son of James and Nancy Smith, and comes of an old and prominent Chester county family. James Smith died at his home in 1888, his widow surviv- ing until 1892. W. J. Smith is the only son of his parents, and he has two sisters living : Lizzie, widow of Wendell Phillips, of Philadelphia; and Jennie, who married Samuel North, postmaster at Oxford. Mr. Smith received his education in the local and high schools of Chester county, graduated from Price's College, in Philadelphia, and for a time was bookkeeper for Cope & Co., a fertilizing firm in Chester county. In 1873 he was married to Net- tie Erison, of Lancaster county, daughter of James and Sarah (Eckman) Brison, of that county, the father born there in 1800; the mother was born in East Drumore township, daughter of John Eck- man, one of the pioneer settlers of the county, and a sister of D. B. Eckman, of Oxford. James Bri- son and his wife lived for a time in Lancaster county, and then spent several years in Illinois, re- turning to East Drumore township to purchase the John Eckman homestead. For many years he was engaged in farming and in dealing in real estate. In 1873 they removed to Oxford, where he lived retired until his death in 1876, and there his widow is still living. Mary, their eldest daughter, who was born in 1847, received her education in the Millersville State Normal, and was the wife of the Rev. John C. Gregg, of Connellsville. She died in 1881, and her husband in 1888, leaving two chil- dren, James B. and Ulysses Grant. During the Civil war Mr. Gregg served as a chaplain in the Union army. Mrs. Smith, who is the only living member of her parents' family, was bom in East Drumore township in 1854, and received her educa- tion in the Female College of Mechanicsburg. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Smith moved to Oxford, where he was engaged in bookkeeping. In 1884 they removed to Philadelphia, where Mr. Smith secured a position as manager for one of the leading firms of the city. His health gave way and he could not stand the strain so he spent some time in Colorado. When his health had been re- stored he became manager for the Pennsylvania Trust Co., having charge of the departments at Pittsburg, Philadelphia, Scranton and Wilkesbarre. 1518 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Mr. and Mrs. Smith are the parents of five children: Mabel, born in Lancaster county in 1876, who died in Oxford at the age of ten years; J. Dallas, born at Oxford in 1878, who graduated from the Philadelphia High and Manual Training Schools, and is now engaged in the real-estate business at Scranton ; Blanche, who died in child- hood; Clyde F., bom in 1885, a student in the Phil- adelphia High School ; and Raymond G., who died when eight years old. Mr. Smith, while a resident of Philadelphia, owns the old Brison homestead in East Drumore township, and another large farm adjoining. Mr. Smith is a Republican, as was also Mr. Brison, his wife's father. He and his family are members of the Methodist Church in Philadelphia. CHARLES PETER STAMM, D. D. S., whose cozy and popular dental parlors are at No. 138 North Prince street, Lancaster, is a son of the late John Stamm, one of the prominent and successful citizens of Lancaster, who is still remembered as a man of integrity and high principle. He was a Ger- man by birth and parentage, but became thoroughly identified with American life and customs. John Stamm was born Dec. 22, 1827, in Will- ings-Hausen, Kur-Hessen, Germany, a son of John Stamm, who was an extensive farmer in Germany. In 1848, at the age of twenty-one years, Mr. Stamm came to the United States and located at Lancaster, where he engaged in clerking in a store owned by a Mr. . Sprecher. His real life work, however, was gardening, for which he had unusual taste, and as he followed this pleasant occupation for many years, even until he retired from active labor, he be- came well-known in the business, and his services and advice were always in great demand. Although he was a believer in Democratic principles and sup- ported that party, he could never be prevailed upon to accept office. He enjoyed his fraternal member- ship with the Odd Fellows organization, and was faithful in his attendance upon the services at St. Stephen's Lutheran Church, contributing liberally to its support. He it was who bought the ground for that now flourishing congregation in said city of Lancaster. Mr. Stamm died Jan. 29, 1883, and was laid to rest in Zion's Lutheran cemetery. In 1856 Mr. Stamm was married, in Lancaster, to Anna Catherine Dietz, who was born in Waller- staedten, Germany, Dec. i, 1834, and died June 27, 1897. .'^he was the daughter of John P. Dietz and Anna Barbara (Landau), his wife, the former of whom came to America in 1844, and for many years followed gardening, in Lancaster, during the last ten years of his life living retired. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Stamm were as follows : George P., who died young; Martha E., a well- known resident of Lancaster; John P., who died young; and Charles P., who is a successful dentist, in Lancaster. Charles Peter Stamm was born in Lancaster, July 16, 1 87 1, and after being educated in the pub- lic schools studied dentistry with Dr. H. D. Knight, and was graduated from the Philadelphia Dental College in 1891. After graduation Dr. Stamm opened an office in his native Lancaster, and has been in successful practice ever since, seven years of the time in his present location. On Feb. 18, 1892, Dr. Stamm married Emma S. Mayer, of Reading, Pa., whose father, George Mayer, now deceased, was a well-known wholesale and retail grocer of that city. One child, Miriam, has come to brighten their happy home. Frater- nally Dr. Stamm" is a Mason, affiliated with Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M. In his political faith he is a Republican ; religiously a Lutheran, being a member of St. Stephen's German Lutheran Church. In all walks of life — social, political, religious and pro- fessional — Dr. Stamm' is well liked. JOHN K. HARTMAN, one of the most exten- sive contractors and builders of Lancaster county, was born at Witmer, Lancaster Co., Pa., in 1873, son of Henry F. and Catherine (Krantz) Hartman. Henry Hartman, the father, was born June 20, 1830, in Bavaria, Germany, and emigrated to Amer- ica in 1848, first locating in New York. A year later he removed to New Jersey, and after a few years settled at Witmer, Lancaster Co., Pa., where he operated a farm and some excellent lime-kilns, becoming a man of prominence in the community. In politics he was a strong Democrat, and served as county commissioner from 1885 to 1888. Fra- ternally he was connected with the F. & A. M., be- ing a Knight Templar. Both he and his wife early connected themselves with the Mennonite faith. On Jan. 3, 1856, he married Catherine Krantz, born in March, 1829, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Fox) Krantz, of Germany, who emigrated to America in 1852, settling at Octoraro, Lancaster Co., Pa., where the father was a farmer and died in i860, aged sixty-one, while his wife died in 1867, aged sixty. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Hartman were; Anna V,'., who married John Roth, lives on the old homestead in East Lampeter, and has seven children ; Henry, who died at" the age of twenty-six, married Lizzie Peters, and they had three children ; Elizabeth died at the age of four ; Catherine married Jeremiah Delong, of Lancaster, Pa., and they have seven children ; Mary married Levi Bixler, a grocer of Lancaster, and they have five children ; David, who operates the old lime-kilns of his father, mar- ried Lydia Hoar, and they have eight children ; Christian was killed on the railroad ; Jacob, unmar- ried, resides on the old homestead ; John K. John K. Hartman attended school in Lancaster after completing a primary course at his district school, and boarded while securing his education. In 1893 hs removed to Cambria county. Pa., join- ing an engineering corps, and remained there about six months, when he located at Witmer, Pa., and entered the coal and lime business. Continuing in BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1519 this line until 1895, he then settled' in Lancaster and turned his attention to the business in which he was to score "such marked success — contracting and building. At the present writing he has built 145 houses, and is engaged in constructing ninety-six more. His operations include the purchasing of land and the erection of houses, which he sells at prices which command a ready market. Under- standing as he does, so thoroughly, every detail of his business, Mr. Hartman is enabled to embody in his work the latest ideas of building art, and to construct houses which are unsurpassed for con- venience as well as architectural beauty, and he is recognized as a leader in his line of business. In September, 1895, Mr. Hartman was married to Bertha Buckwal,ter, born in Leacock township, Lancaster Co., Pa., daughter of Abraham and Elizabeth Buckwalter, farmers of Leacock town- ship. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Hartman: George W., Luetta M. and Henry F. Mr. and Mrs. Hartman reside on North Duke street, corner of James. In religious matters he is a member of the Reformed Church. Politically he is independent, preferring to vote as his conscience dictates. Although still a young man, Mr. Hartman has demonstrated his business ability, and made a place for himseK among the prominent and sub- stantial men of Lancaster, and his future is very bright, if it may be judged by the past. JENKINS DAViS emigrated from the parish of Killkennen, County of Cardigan, Wales, early in 1700. He settled in Radnor township, Chester county, with his brotKers, John and Evan, his sister, Martha, and other relatives. Considerable tracts of land, as is shown by the State records at Harris- burg and by wills and deeds in the court house at Lancaster, were taken up by Jenkins, Evan, John, Thomas, Zaccheus and Gabriel Davis. Evan, after patenting 350 acres, is said to have returned to Wales, where the family continued to hold property. Jenkins patented 1,000 acres June i, 1743. at the mouth of Muddy Creek, in Earl township, Lancas- ter county. He died in 1747- Among his children were Catharine, bom 1696; Zaccheus, born 1710, and Dinah. There may have been others, but we no not know of them. Catharine married Rees Davis. How many children they had we do not know, but the most noted among them was Gabriel (1728-1813), a man of unusual energy and excellent judgment, one of the active and earnest men who gave character to Lancaster county before, during, and after the Revolutionary war. He was a member of the Com- mittee of Safety and captain of a military company He married Jean Douglas (i733-i777)> daughter of Archibald Douglas. Their children were Margaret, born Sept. 15, 1756, died 1830; Mary, March 18, 1758, died I7Q8; John, Aug 19, 1760, died 1814; Catherine, Oct. 2, 1762, died 1848; George Sept. 7 I76q, died 1829; Jean, March 13, 1768, died 1846; Gabriel, April 26, 1771, died 1801 ; Benjamin, Oct. 5, 1773, and Archibald Douglas, Aug. 21, 1776, died 1813. These dates are taken from an old prayer book owned by Archibald, the youngest son just named. Their oldest daughter, Margaret (1756-1839), married her cousin, Zaccheus Piersol, son of John and Dinah Piersol, in 1780. They had twelve chil- dren, of whom the ' youngest, Margaret Douglas Luckey, died in 1894, at the age of ninety-two years. She was a great-granddaughter of Archi- bald Douglas, and lived for many years of the latter part of her life in the house built, about 1735, by James and Thomas Douglas. This old house, which was torn down a few years ago, was in Salisbury township, within two or three hundred yards of the Chester county line, and within a mile or two of St. John's church at the "Compass." There was an unfailing spring of excellent water within a short distance, shaded by a noble tree. We have fre- quently been at the old place, in and out of whose doorway passed many of the earliest settlers and of every generation since their day. We remember well "Aunt Peggy," "Uncle Whitehill," good old Dinah, the faithful ancient ; the big kitchen, the old- time garden, and the house-dog that "knew the names of all the cattle and horses on the farm," — for they all had names — and was so great a favor- ite witii everybody. John, the second son of Zaccheus (May 13, 1783; April 14, i8i6), married Catharine Wilson (Nov. 'I.:!, 1787, Sept. 23, 1825). They had four children : Cyrus, who was unmarried ; Charlotte, married Thomas McCausland, two children, Mar- garet and Hervey, the latter enjoying life (1903) among his grandchildren in Philipsburg, Pa. ; Mary, married Dr. William Jones, of Douglassville, Berks county, two sons and two daughters, of whom Harry C. and Anna Douglas are living; and Margaret (June 14, 1810, July 18, 1898), who married Will- iam McCaskey in 1836, seven children, John Pier- sol, Joseph Barr, Catharine Wilson, William Spen- cer, Cyrus Davis, James Newton and Margaret Salome, all but one of whom are still living, along with children and grandchildren, the McCaskeys and Marshalls being well-known in Lancaster. Archibald, the youngest son of Gabriel Davis, married Juliana Barton Anderson. They had one son, Gabriel, who was born near New Holland, Aug. 2, 1803, and died in Sterling, 111., Jan. 26, 1880. He married Susanna Roland Diller, now "eighty years young," in her pleasant home at Ster- ling. Their children are William White Davis, Juliana Barton, Gabriel, Isaac Newton, Henry Lau- rens, Edward Diller and Charles. The first named frequently writes for the newspapers of Lancaster over the familiar initials "W. W. D." He is a scholarly man, one of the live men of Sterling, and his brothers are among the leading merchants and business men of Sterling. More than fifty years ago their father, Gabriel Davis, had the leading 1520 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY store in New Holland, Lancaster county. He was a thoughtful man, quiet and reserved in manner, in marked contrast with his business partner, John Piersol, one of the dozen children of Archibald Piersol, and one of the brighest, quickest, most versatile and attractive of men. Often on bright Sunday mornings did we little folks look to see John come riding up the lane, for on Sunday he fre- quently came over from New Holland, a distance of perhaps seven miles, to visit our mother, a favor- ite cousin. He always had a pound or so of candies in his coat pocket "for the children." In those days we thought his laugh and his voice simply delight- ful. It remains with us, like the memory of music that we love ; indeed, we have never heard a man's voice whose tones in ordinary conversation were more musical, or whose cheery laugh was more in- fectious. He was a genuine Piersol, wiry, strong, fine, quick, fearless and generous. Above most things he enjoyed a horse race, and many a time ran his horses on the level track below Intercourse. The late John Vogan, of the Wickersham Printing Company, a member of the Bucktail Regiment, used to tell with keen pleasure of the races he rode when a boy for John Piersol and Isaac Diller, of New Holland. When he won the race it meant always a new suit of clothes or an extra gratuity. John Pier- sol died a few years since at Jamestown, Indiana, where his son is a prominent railroad man. Zaccheus, the son of Jenkins Davis, who . is named above, died in 1788. He left six or eight children. To his son, Zaccheus, he bequeathed a gristmill and an undivided interest in a large tract of land. To his son-in-law, Willis Davis, husband of his daughter Ann, a fulling mill and the undivided half of tract named above. By the will of Zaccheus, Jr., "which is a model of affectionate remembrance," Ann is given the other half of the estate at the death of her brother in 1793.- Dinah, the second daughter of Jenkins Davis, named above, married John Piersol. We have not been able to go farther back in the Piersol line, which we think is Welsh, though we are unable to fix it with certainty. It may be Scotch-Irish or Huguenot. This is but a brief sketch in a direction in which we happen to be interested. It might be extended into volumes, for the printed list of Davises occupies about seven pages in the general index to the Pennsylvania Archives. — [J. P. McCaskey. MILTON EBY GINGRICH, paying teller of the People's National Bank, Lancaster, is descended from an old and honored Pennsylvania ancestry, the Gingrichs, from whom he comes, having been landowners in Lancaster county for generations — sturdy Mennonites who tilled the soil and con- tributed of their might and means to the develop- ment of this, the "garden spot" of the old "Key- stone State." John Gingrich, father of Milton E., one of the most substantial farmers of East Hempfield town- ship, made a grand record for honesty and intel- ligence during two terms as one of the commis- sioners of Lancaster county. He was a stanch Re- publican, and was twice honored by his fellow Re- publicans with election as county commissioner, one of the most important and most responsible posi- tions in the gift of the people of Lancaster county. Mr. Gingrich entered into rest ISJov. i, 1893. He was married to Miss Anna Eby, daughter of Chris- tian Eby, a prominent farmer of East Hempfield township, and eleven children were born to this union, ten of whom are now living, as follows : Elizabeth, Arma, Emma, Clara, Stella and Simon P., all unmarried and living at home with their widowed mother, on West Chestnut street, Lancas- ter; Fanny, wife of John F. Bair, in the tobacco trade at Mechanicsville, this county; John F., a farmer at Landisville, this county; Charles S., a mechanical engineer (a graduate of the Pennsyl- vania State College), now holding a responsible position in Cincinnati, Ohio; and Milton E., of the People's Bank. Milton E. Gingrich was born on the old home- stead in East Hempfield township, Sept. 16, 1872, and, after receiving such an education as the schools of the district afforded, came to Lancaster, entering the People's Bank as a clerk on Nov. 2, 1890, and by industry, intelligence and probity working his way up until, in the early part of 1902, he was made paying teller of the institution, a position he now holds. Mr. Gingrich was married, Nov. 20, 1901, to Miss Elizabeth Bushong, daughter of John H. Bushong, a prominent flour . and grain dealer of Lancaster. Mr. Gingrich, like his lamented father, is an earnest Republican. He belongs to the Republicans, to the Elks and to the Masons, in which latter fraternity he has attained the four- teenth degree, being a m.ember of the Lodge, Chap- ter, Council, Commandery and Lodge of Perfec- tion, having taken the Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite. Modest and unassuming in manner, courteous to the patrons of the great institution with which he is connected, and painstaking in his work, he is alike popular with his official associates and the public whom he serves. JOSHUA SOURBEER, deceased. Among the descendants of those courageous. God-fearing pio- neers who in the early days of privation and strug- gle peopled the fair wild land of Pennsylvania and brought bloom and peace and happiness for suc- ceeding generations were Joshua Sourbeer and his wife Charlotte, the former of whom passed away in 1894, after a well-spent life of almost fourscore years, and the latter of whom survived him several years, dwelling in the serenity and comfort of a bright old age on the fruitful farm in West Hemp- field township which had been her home from 1867. Joshua Sourbeer was born in Conestoga Center, Lancaster county, March 6, 1815, son of Henry and Barbara (Grubb) Sourbeer, of Lancaster county. BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1521 Henry Sourbeer was born May 8, 1777, and died in 1862. His wife Barbara was born in November, 1781. Their remains were laid in the cemetery at Conestoga Center. He was an industrious, honest citizen, following the vocations of farmer, weaver, cooper, etc. To Henry and Barbara Sourbeer were born thirteen children, namely: Nancy, who mar- ried Abraham Heissinger; Elizabeth; Conrad; Mary ; Henry ; Michael ; Daniel ; Margaret and Re- gina, twins; Joshua; Amos; Leah; and Hettie, the sole survivor of the family, now living at Harris- burg, the widow of Joseph Hougendoubler. Joshua Sourbeer was reared on the farm, and was throughout life a resident of Lancaster county. He married May, 23, 1837, in Columbia, Pa., Miss Charlotte Hougendoubler, who was born in West Hempfield township, Oct. 2, 1815, daughter of John and Mary (Charles) Hougendoubler, and grand- daughter of John and Betsey Hougendoubler, who emigrated from Germany to America and took up a large tract of land in what is now West Hempfield township. Her maternal grandfather was John Charles. "John Hougendoubler, her father, a farmer of West Hempfield township, died March 23, 1823, aged forty-two years. His wife survived until June 12, 1870, passing away at the age of eighty-six. They were devout members of the German Reformed Church, and their exemplary lives were for many years held in cherished memory. Both are buried in Mt. Bethel cemetery. To John and Mary Hougendoubler were born seven children, as follows: John, who lived in Perry county; Nancy, who married Jacob Hougendoubler; Mary, who married William Pierce ; Eliza, who married John Hinkle ; Charlotte, Mrs. . Sourbeer ; Catherine ; and Joseph. All are now deceased. Eleven children were born to Joshua and Charlotte (Hougendoubler) Sourbeer, namely: Benjamin, who died young; Albert, who married,, and died at the age of thirty-three years; Joseph, who married Sarah Dennison, and is now deceased ; Mary, deceased; Sarah, deceased; Joshua, who married Catherine Bergot, and lives in York coun- ty; Hester A., wife of Henry H. Kline, of West Hempfield township; James, deceased; Elizabeth, wife of Christian Senft, of Columbia; Charlotte, who married William Courtney, of Columbia; and Harriet, deceased. , ^ , It was in 1867 that Joshua Sourbeer located on the farm of forty-three acres in West Hempfield township where he and his wife passed the remainder of their lives, his death occurring Nov. 18, 1894; he was buried in Mt. Bethel cemetery. In politics he was a stanch Republican. The religious faith of himself and wife was that of the Methodist Epis- copal Church. The career of Joshua Sourbeer was marked bv that true success which follows worthy and persistent effort. His force of character was felt as an influence for good throughout the com- munity, augmented as it was by the oyal and m- telligent CO operation of his wife. His widow re- tained unusual cheerfulness and brightness of man- ner, the heritage of a life, which, though darkened by the sorrows that are the common lot of humanity, yet had the afterglow of richness of experience in fidelity, righteousness and good deeds. OTTO EDMUND WEBER, whose elegant photographic studio is in the fine new building at No. 168 North Queen street, Lancaster, is one of the finest artists in his line in the State. He is of German extraction, and his father, Anton Philip Weber, was a merchant of Einsiedl; his mother a native of Germany, was Miss Amalia Wagner be- fore marriage. Seven children were born to this union, but only one. Otto E., survives. He came along with his parents to this country in 1878, the father dying in Philadelphia, and the mother pass- ing away in Lancaster; her remains were interred in Woodward Hill cemetery. Otto E. Weber was born in Germany Sept. 25, 1857, and began the study of photography "across the waters," completing his studies under noted masters of the art in Philadelphia and New York. About fifteen years ago Mr. Weber opened a studio on North Queen street, and has been in business on the same block all these years. His present studio is one of the best equipped, for all manner of photographic work, to be found in the State. Artistic in his posings, careful in all details, it is not a matter of surprise that at the first annual Photographic Convention in Harrisburg, in 1897, he was awarded two diplomas — one for fine portrait- ure, and one for architectural photography — as well as a special (or third) prize, consisting of a work on photographic chemistry. Mr. Weber served four years in the National Guard of Pennsylvania, having been a member of Co. K (Capt. John M. GrofI), 3d Brigade. A great lover of manly sports, and an expert with shotgun and rifle, Mr. Weber was captain of the Lancaster Rifle Team, which made record-breaking scores under his captaincy. Religiously he is a Lutheran, being a member of the Church of the Holy Trinity; and in all the walks of life he is modest and unassuming, in brief, a true artist, de- voted to his art. JONAS STAUFFER GINGRICH, the well- known liveryman of Lancaster, whose well- equipped stables are in the rear of the Northern National Bank, in North Queen street, comes from one of the oldest and best known families in Lan- caster county, his ancestors having been landowners in this section for several generations. David Gingrich, grandfather of J. S., was born and raised in Elizabeth township, where he was an extensive farmer. He died in East Hempfield township, to wliich he had removed later in life. Christian Gingrich, father of Jonas S., was a farmer of Rapho township, but lived retired for a time in Lancaster, where he entered into rest in August, 1522 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1901, aged seventy-six years. He married Miss Fanny Stauffer, daughter of David Stauffer, a school teacher and farmer of West Hempfield town- ship, and she yet survives, living at No. 207 East Chestnut street, with her son, Jonas S., and Eliza- beth, the unmarried daughter. There were nine children in the family, but only four survive, the two besides those just mentioned being Annie, wife of David Snavely, a well-known miller on Hammer Creek, this county, and Christian, living in Mt. Joy. Jonas S. Gingrich was born at the old home in Rapho township, and after receiving such educa- tion as the schools of the district afforded took up farm work and pursued it ,for many years. In 1896 he opened his big livery, exchange and boarding- stables in the rear of the Northern National Bank, and the business has proved a great success. Mr. Gingrich's knowledge of horses has made his stables exceedingly popular, not only because those who want to hire teams know that they will secure well-fed, well-groomed and well-trained horses, but because those wanting a place to board their horses know that they are in safe hands when in Mr. Gingrich's care. Religiously Mr. Gingrich comes from old and prominent Mennonite stock; politically he is a Re- publican. Wherever found, in business or in social circles, he is a genial, generovs and reliable man. JACOB S. CARMANY, a popular dealer in dry goods and general merchandise at Florin, Pa., was born at Palmyra, Lebanon Co., .that State, Aug. 31, 1848, a son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Strock) Carmany, of Lebanon county. Jacob Carmany spent his life in Lebanon county, where he followed farming, and for some years was engaged at the carpenter's trade. Mr. Carmanv was a public-spirited and enterprising citizen, and took a very active part in the political affairs of the times in which he lived. At different times he filled local offices of trust and responsibility, and he was very efficient in securing free schools in his county. He died in 1893, at the age of seven- ty-four. Both he and his wife were members of the Lutheran Church, and their standing was high in the community in which their honest and indus- trious lives were passed. Mrs. Elizabeth (Strock) Carmany is living in Palmyra, at the age of seventy- eight years, and is still alert and active. By her union with Mr. Carmany she became the mother of the following children: Daniel, who died while serving in the Union army during the Civil war, from disease contracted in the service; Jacob S., the subject of this sketch; William, a cabinet- maker in Dauphin county. Pa.; Edwin, who died in 1892; and Albert, who died when one and a half years old. Anthony Carmany, the grandfather of Jacob S., married a Herchelroth. He was in the tannery business, became a man of considerable means, and exercised much influence in the community. His ancestors were among the pioneer settlers of this part of the State. Jacob S. Carmany has been twice married. In 1867, in Marietta, Pa., he was married to Otilla Grimes, a daughter of William and Elizabeth ( Werley) Grimes, of York county. Pa., and by whom he had one daughter, Mary O., who is at home. Mrs. Otilla (Grimes) Carmany was born in York county. Pa., died Oct. 29, 1887J at the age of thirty years, and was buried at Marietta. For his second wife Mr. Carmany married, in 1892, at Mt. Joy, Pa., Frances Dierolf, who was born in Mt. Joy, Pa., daughter of William and Barbara (Beiswen- ger) Dierolf, the former of whom came to this country when only nineteen years of age, and fol- lowed the shoe business at Mt. Joy, where he still 1 esides. Until he was sixteen years old Jacob S. Carmany lived on a farm near Palmyra, Pa., though his ac- tivities of later years have been expended in his mercantile business. For one year he attended Palmyra Academy, "was engaged one year as a clerk in Palmyra, and then went to Marietta,' Pa., where he clerked for Spangler & Rick for three years. He then went to Chicago, where he was employed by a grain commission house. After traveling a year in the West he returned to Spangler & Rick, with whom he spent the ensuing four years. For thirteen years he was traveling salesman for Janney & Andrews, wholesale dry-goods merchants, of Piiiladelphia. In 1880 Mr. Carmany came to Florin to take charge of the present store, which was started by himself and his brother in 1872. The death of his brother placed the management of the store in Mr. Carmany's hands and he has brought it up to a very popular and successful plane. He is a director of the First National Bank of Mt. Joy. Mr. Carmany belongs to the Masonic fraternity, and is a member of the Lutheran Church. In politics he is a Republican. In the community he is very prominent, and is widely known as a thrifty and up-to-date business man, and as a progressive and honorable citizen, whose heart and hand are ever on- the right side. William Dierolf^ who is referred to above as the father of Mrs. Carmany, was born in Baden, Germany, July 5, 1833, a son of George M. and Frances (Miller) Dierolf, both of Baden. George M. Dierolf, spent his life in Germany, where he was a shepherd, and he died in 1859, at the age of fifty-six years. His wife, Frances Miller, survived until the following year, and died at the age of forty-nine. George M. Dierolf was a soldier in the German army, and was a life grenadier of the Grand Duke of Baden. His children were: William; Henry, a blacksmith in the mines at Wilkesbarre, Pa., now deceased ; Joanna, deceased wife of George Hofmaster; and Charles L., a shoe merchant at Mt. Joy, Pennsylvania. \Villiam Dierolf was married in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1858, to Barbara Beiswenger, by whom he BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY 1523 became the father of the following children : Will- iam A., in the shoe business at Mt. Joy, Pa.; John H., a hotel-keeper at Mt. Joy; Frances, the wife of Jacob S. Carmany, at Florui, Pa. ; Bertha, who mar- ried John Mumma, a farmer and tobacco packer of Salunga, Pa. ; Charles B., a druggist of Philadel- phia; Edwin, a clerk at Lancaster; Emma A I., mar- ried to F. H. Shenk, of Landisville, Pa., and George M., a teller in the Farmers' Bank, at Ephrata, Pa. Mrs. Barbara Dierolf, who was born in Wurtem- burg, Germany, died Feb. 21, 1899, at the age of sixty-nine years, and was buried in the cemetery at Mt. Joy. Her parents lived and died in Germany. In Germany William Dierolf learned the shoe- maker's trade, which he followed until coming to this country, in 1854. For a few months he lived in Brooklyn and New York, and spent three years in Philadelphia. In 1857 he came to Mt. Joy for a six months' residence, returning to Philadelphia. The following year he again came to Mt. Joy, which has been his permanent home. Here he worked three years for Alexander Reese, and then 'began custom work. In 1868 he began selling shoes, and successfully continued tuitil February, 1901, when he retired from business. Mr. Dierolf is a member of Lodge No. 277, I. O. O. F., Lodge No. 301, K. of P., and of Tribe No. 59, I. O. R. M. In religion he belongs to the Lutheran Church. In politics he is a Republican, and in all ways he is a good citizen of the town. CHARLES JACOB HOSTER, the enterpris- ing proprietor of Hoster's Cafe, North Queen street, Lancaster, is the son of Charles E. Hoster, who has retired from the hotel business after a suc- cessful career of twenty-three years, and has entered into manufacturing and mercantile enterprises. Charles E. Hoster was born in Elizabethtown, where his father, Jacob, was a master mechanic for fifty >-ears. Of the other children in the family of Jacob Hoster, William lives in Virginia ; and Fran- ces is a widow, now living in Marietta, this county. Charles E. Hoster married Miss Sadie Strone,_ of Carlisle, and three children were born of this union, two of whom, a boy and a girl, entered into rest in childhood. . ^ . 1 j Charles Jacob Hoster was born m Cumberland countv Sept. 15, 1871, and was educated in the pub- lic schools and in Nazareth Hall. Mr. Hoster became assistant to his father in the management of "Cones- toga Inn," at Witmer's Bridge, a place which the father had beautified until it was equal in its interior appearance to any hostelry in the State. Here Charles J. remained as assistant until 1897, when he took charge of the place, his father renioying to North Oueen street, where he established the ele- gant Hoster's Cafe. Charies J. Hoster continued in the management of the "Conestoga Inn unti April 1003, when his father retired from the hotel and cafe business and our subject became the pro- prietor ni the North Queen street establishment. It was the general verdict that the mantle of the father had fallen upon worthy shoulders. Charles Jacob Hoster married Miss Jennie Ort, daughter of Levi Ort, a farmer of York county, who is still living. Two children were born of this union, Charles E. and Luther Hoster. Mr. Hoster is religiously of the Moravian faith ; politically he is a Republican ; and socially he belongs to the Eagles. In all circles he is held in high esteem. BENJAMIN B. KAUFFjMAN, one of the old and much respected citizens of Lancaster county, now living retired in Manheim township, was born in ]\I,inor township Feb. 9, 1829, son of Isaac and Marv (Hertzler) Kauffman. Isaac Kauffman was born Aug. 15, 1801, son of Rev. Christian Kauffman, was reared in Manor township, became a representative farmer, and took a prominent place in the affairs of his day. In Manor township he served on the school board, and was very active in the Old Mennonite Church, of which he was an ordained deacon. He attained the age of almost eighty-seven. Mary Hertzler, his wife, was born in Manor township, and died in her fiftieth year. To Mr. and Mrs. Kauffman were born eight children : Christian, a resident of Peters- burg; Benjamin B., whose name appears above; Isaac, deceased ; Mary widow of John Nestleroth, residing in xVIanheim township; Elizabeth, wife of Joseph Buckwalter, of Manheim township; Bar- bara, who died unmarried; and two who died in infancy. Benjamin B. Kauffman lived on the farm in Manor township until he was about nine years of age, and then with his parents moved into East Hempfield township, where he grew to maturity, and where the greater part of his life was spent. When he gave up active work, not long ago, he moved to the home in Manheim township where he is now snugly settled in one of the most pleasant and inviting residences of that pleasant locality. Mr. Kauffman began for himself when he was twenty-four years of age on a farm of ninety-five acres in East Hempfield township. In his later years he came to own five good farms, comprising 312 acres in all. Very largely he has distributed this property among his children. A good business man. he has been called to administer many estates. Mr. Kauffman was married Oct. 25, 1853, to Miss Annie, daughter of Daniel and Anna (Bossier) Greider, who was born in Rapho township in 1833. To this union came : Daniel G., born Nov. 2, 1854 ; Isaac G., July 8, 1856 (died Aug. 23, 1857) ; Aaron G., May 16, 1858; Benjamin G., Oct. 31, i8'5o; Mary G.,'Dec. 20, 1862 (died Sept. 21, 1863) ; Amos G., Dec. 29, 1864: Reuben G., March 22, 1867 : Hiram G., March 18, 1869 : Lizzie Ann, Aug. 2, 1 87 1 (wife of Franklin M. Kreider) ; Barbara, Sept. 20, 1873. Mr. Kauffman lost his first wife Jan. 23, 1889, and was again married, Nov. 17, 1891, to Elizabeth 1524 BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF LANCASTER COUNTY Erb, widow of Samuel Erb, and daughter of Sam- iie! and Fannie (Herr) JMumma. She was born in Dauphin county in 1830. Mr. and Mrs. Kauffman are members of the Old Mennonite Church. Amos G. Kauffman, son of Benjamin B., was born in East Hempfield township, gained his edu- cation in the public school, and in the spring of 1889 began business for himself, locating on the farm where he is found to-day, about a mile and a half south of Petersburg. It is a place of fifty-four acres, and was purchased from his father. Mr. Kauffman was married Nov. 15, 1888, to Miss Lillie M. Bowers, who was born Aug. 3, 1869, a daughter of William P. and Elizabeth (Mitzger) Bowers, residents of East Hempfield township. Mr. and Mrs. Kauffman are active members of the Mennonite Church, in which he was ordained a deacon Feb. 1, i8g8. At present he is superintend- ent of the Petersburg Sunday-school. Mr. and Mrs. Kauffman have had two children, both of whom died in early childhood ; Clayton B., born Dec. IT, 1891, died Feb. 22, 1892; Ella B., born Oct. 18, 1894, died May 9, 1895.