C34 
 
Cornell University Library 
 HF1131.C34 
 
 Recommendations and regulations for the 
 
 3 1924 013 880 384 
 
'ly, 1915 
 
 Ontario Department of Education 
 
 ecommendations and Regulations 
 
 FOR 
 
 THE ESTABLISHMENT, ORGANIZATION, 
 AND MANAGEMENT 
 
 OF 
 
 Commercial High Schools 
 
 AND OF 
 
 ^mmercial Departments in High and 
 Continuation Schools 
 
 '"I I". '■ 
 
 PRINTED BY ORDER OF 
 
 !^ THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF ONTARIO 
 
 Mi/ 
 
 TORONTO : 
 
 tinted and Published by L. K. CAMERON, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty 
 
 19 15 
 
natt Ofallcgc of Agriculture 
 At (ilornell Uniuecaitg 
 
Ontario Department of Education 
 
 Recommendations and Regulations 
 
 FOR 
 
 THE ESTABLISHMENT, ORGANIZATION, 
 AND MANAGEMENT 
 
 OF 
 
 Commercial High Schools 
 
 AND OF 
 
 Commercial Departments in High and 
 Continuation Schools 
 
 PRINTED BY ORDER OF 
 
 THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF ONTARIO 
 
 TORONTO : 
 Printed and Published by L. K. CAMERON, Printer to the King's Rtost Excellent Majesty 
 
 19 15 
 
Printed by 
 
 WILLIAM BRIGGS 
 
 Corner Queen and John Streets 
 
 TOBONTO 
 
PREFATORY NOTE 
 
 The object of the High and Continuation School Commercial Courses is to 
 provide a good general education as well as instruction in the special commercial 
 subjects. Moreover, it is intended that these courses shall turn out, not business 
 experts, but pupils so trained that they may readily adapt themselves to the 
 requirements of any commercial business with which they may become connected. 
 
 At present, only a few schools can fully provide for the courses prescribed 
 herein. It should, however, be borne in mind (1) that, as provided in Kegulation 
 10 (5) herein, modifications may be made in the content of the special Com- 
 mercial subjects to suit local conditions, provided that such modifications are 
 submitted for the Minister's approval before being adapted; and (2) that, as 
 provided in High School Kegulation 17 (2) (a) and (&), and Continuation 
 School Regulation 14 (2) (a) and (6), one or more of the Commercial subjects 
 of the General Syllabus may be added to the Course selected under the provisions 
 of High School Eegulation 13 (1) and (2) and Continuation School Eegulation 
 10 (1) and (2) respectively. 
 
Cornell University 
 Library 
 
 The original of this book is in 
 the Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924013880384 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 PAGB 
 
 Classes of Courses '. 7 
 
 Process of Establishment 7 
 
 Conditions of Establisliment — 
 
 Day and Night Schools 7 
 
 Accommodations and Equipment 8 
 
 Qualifications of Staffs 10 
 
 Qualifications for Admission 10 
 
 Duties of Staffs 10 
 
 Terms and Sessions 12 
 
 Duties of Pupils 13 
 
 Courses of Study — 
 
 Classification . . 13 
 
 Selection 14 
 
 Religious Exercises and Instruction 15 
 
 General Syllabus ' 16 
 
 Graduation Diplomas 28 
 
 Inspection 29 
 
 Distribution of Legislative Grant 29 
 
 Authorized Text Books 30 
 
 Appendix — .^ 
 
 Books of Reference ". 31 
 
 [5] 
 
COMMERCIAL HIGH SCHOOLS AND DEPARTMENTS 
 
 Note.— In the following Regulations, in order to avoid frequent repetition of the 
 terms, certain powers are attributed to the Advisory Commercial Committee. It must 
 be borne in mind, however, that some of these powers are exercised subject to the 
 approval of the Board and of the Minister. See Sections 11 (1) and (2), 15, and 16 
 of The Industrial Education Act. 
 
 CLASSES OF COURSES 
 
 1. Courses in the Commercial subjects are provided for as 'options in 
 the High, Continuation, and Public and Separate School syllabuses of study; but 
 the Commercial Courses which may be established under The Industrial Education 
 Act are more comprehensive and more completely organized for business purposes. 
 The latter courses are provided for as follows: 
 
 (1) Day and Night Commercial High Schools, provided with the necessary 
 accommodations, equipment, and staffs; and^ — 
 
 (2) Day Commercial Departments in High or Continuation Schools or 
 Collegiate Institutes, provided with the necessary accommodations, equipment, and 
 staffs. 
 
 PROCESS OF ESTABLISHMENT 
 
 2. A Commercial High School will usually grow out of a commercial depart- 
 ment, and this department out of the provision for the optional commercial 
 subjects of the High School syllabus. The first step in the establishment 
 of a Commercial High School or ^ef a Commercial Department in a High 
 or Continuation School is the appointment of an Advisory Commercial Com- 
 mittee. These schools and departments are intended to provide for local needs, 
 and the duties of the Committee copsist in advising with the Principal as to the 
 necessaxy relation between the school courses and the commercial activities of 
 the district, and in providing for the maintenance of the schools and depart- 
 ments in accordance with the powers conferred upon the Committee by The 
 Industrial Education Act. Besides, performing its statutory duties, the Com- 
 mittee should visit the classes from time to time and take such steps as in its 
 judgment would improve and stimulate the work. 
 
 CONDITIONS OF ESTABLISHMENT 
 Day and Night Schools 
 
 3. The establishment of a Day or Night Commercial High School or of a 
 Day Commercial Department in a High School or Collegiate Institute under 
 The High Schools Act or The Board of Education Act, and the establishment of a 
 Day Commercial Department in a Continuation School under The Continuation 
 Schools Act, may be approved by the Minister when it is shown to his satisfaction 
 that the Board has provided: 
 
 (1) An Advisory Commercial Committee consisting of eight persons, ap- 
 pointed by the Board as follows: Pour members of the School Board, includ- 
 ing one representative of the Board of Public School Trustees, and one 
 representative of the Board of Separate School Trustees, if any; and four persons 
 who are resident ratepayers of the local municipality or the coufity or district 
 in which the school is situated or the department is established, who are actually 
 engaged in commercial pursuits and who are not members of the School Board. 
 
(2) Adequate and suitable accommodations ,as prescribed in Eegulations 4 
 below and 6 of the High School Eegulations and 3 of the Continuation School 
 Eegulations, so far as they apply to the requirements of the Commercial Courses. 
 
 (3) Adequate and suitable equipment as prescribed herein and in Eegulation 
 7 of the High School Eegulations and 4 of the Continuation School Eegulations, so 
 far as they apply to the requirements of the Commercial Courses. 
 
 (4) An adequate and suitable staff of legally qualified teachers as prescribed 
 in Eegulation 5 below., 
 
 ACCOMMODATIONS AND EQUIPMENT 
 
 4. — (1) B3ok=keepins: Class Rooms. — For all rooms in which book-keeping 
 is taugh-t special desks should be provided. A convenient size is 24 by 30 inches. 
 A room 28 feet by 32 feet -sy^ould accommodate 36 such desks in 6 rows of 6 desks 
 each, or a room 26 feet by 35 feet would accommodate 35 such desks in 3 rows 
 of 7 desks each. A raised rack or shelf firmly fixed at the back of each desk 
 is convenient, and each desk should also, if practicable, be provided with a 
 small filing drawer. 
 
 At least one room should be provided with the following: 
 
 (a) A commercial desk. This desk would serve for the teacher's use and 
 might also be used to illustrate how papers and other material should be arranged , 
 in such a desk for ready access. 
 
 (b) A cabinet comprising a cupboard ,and a section for vertical filing, card- 
 index filing, horizontal filing, and Shannon filing, with transfer cards and indexes 
 to match. This cabinet will also serve the purpose of providing accommodation 
 for the following books and papers : 
 
 (i) A set of commercial books suitable for a wholesale business. 
 
 (ii) A set of commercial books suitable for a retail business. 
 
 These sets of books need not be elaborate, but they are useful as a means of 
 illustrating the method of handling large books, of indexing and transferring 
 accounts, etc. 
 
 (iii) A set of legal papers, including forms of agreement, contract, lease, 
 mortgage, deed, application for letters patent, etc. 
 
 (3) The Typewriting: Room — The regular typewriting desk with drop lid 
 is convenient, but a desk 20 by 36 inches would be sufficient. A raised drawer 
 at the right hand side would serve as a place to keep paper and other material 
 and as a rest for the note book or copy. Each desk should be provided with at 
 least two drawers at the right hand side for holding paper and other material. 
 A small drawer or a section of a drawer should be set off for holding oil- 
 can, brush, cloth, etc. Above the drawers should be a draw-board for use as a 
 rest for note book while taking ntotes for transcription on the machine. 
 
 Each machine should be provided with an oilcloth or rubber cover. 
 
 There should, if practicable, be a machine for each member of the class; a 
 supply may be purchased or rented. 
 
 A standard machine should be adopted for class work, and, if practicable, one 
 or two machines of other kinds should be provided for students finishing their 
 course so that they may at least become familiar with their mechanism. 
 
One or two machines should be provided with billing and other special attach- 
 ments. 
 
 The keyboards should be " blind/' so that pupils shall be compelled to learn 
 to write by touch. 
 
 The typewriting room should also be provided with — 
 
 A letter book and copying press ; a rapid roller copier ; a mimeograph ; a neo- 
 style ; a multigraph ; a paper knife ; samples of kinds and grades of paper of various 
 sizes; sizes and styles of type impressions; a cabinet similar to that provided 
 for the book-keeping room; and a revolvihg demonstration table. A supply of 
 illustrated catalogues of office appliances will prove suggestive. 
 
 (3) The Library — ^This room should be well supplied with the latest refer- 
 ence books on Book-keeping, 'Commercial G'eography, Economics, and allied sub- 
 jects, and the books should be freely accessible to- pupils in the senior classes. 
 For a list of such books see Appendix. 
 
 (4) The Museum — This room should be provided with the following : 
 
 (a) A cabinet containing samples of commercial products with a brief de- 
 scription of each, and a set of photographs. 
 
 (&) A cabinet showing the various kinds of woods, their grain, finish, etc. 
 
 (c) Manufacturers' sets of manufacturing processes, used by them for adver- 
 tising. Local and other manufacturers are generally willing to supply samples, 
 but School Boards should provide a room fitted with cabinets, also with such 
 bottles, jars, etc., as are required for display. 
 
 (d) Samples of the various kinds and grades of the following, so placed in 
 the school as to be readily accessible to pupils; those used in local industries 
 being especially desirable: 
 
 Staple grains. 
 
 Ordinary seeds for field and garden. 
 
 Foodstuffs: Flour, meal, breakfast foods, sugars, starches, etc. 
 
 Common oils: Benzine, gasoline, etc. 
 
 Samples of kinds and grades of textiles : Cotton, woollen, linen, silk. 
 
 Kinds and grades of fibres : Flax, manilla, hemp, etc. 
 
 Common chemicals : Chloride of lime, baking soda, washing soda, lye, etc. 
 
 (5) Maps and Lantern Slides. — A supply of good political and commercial 
 maps should be provided and at least one good atlas. 
 
 A lantern and a series of lantern slides should be provided for the study of 
 History and Geography and for the illustration of industrial and economic topics. 
 
 (6) Laboratory. — The laboratory should provide for iiJdividual experimental 
 work in Physics and Chemistry. For the Commercial departments the Science 
 laboratory will suit, and, when a special laboratory is provided, it need not be 
 different from the ordinary science laboratory; but the material used, as well as the 
 aim and content of the course, should be suitable to the commercial courses taken up. 
 
10 
 
 QUALIFICATIONS OF STAFFS 
 
 5. — (1) The staff of a Day Commercial High School shall consist of at 
 "least three teachers. For the head teacher the qualiiication shall be a High School 
 Principal's and a Commercial Specialist's certificate, and for the other teachers of 
 the Commercial subjects and the teachers of Art and Physical Ctilture, the mini- 
 mum qualification shall be an Elementary certificate. 
 
 (2) Subject to the approval of the Minister on the report of the High or 
 Continuation School Inspector concerned, the minimum qualification of a Com- 
 mercial Master in charge of a Commercial Department or a Fight High School 
 shall be an Elementary Commercial certificate. 
 
 (3) For the other teachers of a Commercial High School or Department, 
 the qualifications shall be those of High School assistants. 
 
 (4:) If, after duly advertising and offering an adequate salary, an Advisory 
 Committee is unable to obtain a teacher qualified as prescribed above, a temporary 
 certificate for all or a part of the current school year may be granted by the 
 Minister to a suitable person on the application of the Advisory Committee. 
 
 (5) In the case of substitute teachers without legal qualifications, appointed 
 in an emergency, no engagement for longer than two weeks shall be made without 
 the formal consent of the Minister, on application by tlje Advisory Committee. 
 
 QUALIFICATIONS FOR ADMISSION 
 
 6. — (1) For admission to a Day Commercial High School or Commercial 
 Department, applicants shall hold certificates qualifying them for ^admission to a 
 Day High School. 
 
 (3) For admission to a Night Commercial High School, applicants shall hold 
 certificates qualifying them for admission to a Night High School. 
 
 (3) No pupil may attend a Night Commercial High School who attends a Day 
 School. 
 
 DUTIES OF STAFFS 
 
 7. — (1) In every Commercial High School the head teacher shall be called 
 the Principal, and the other teachers Assistants. 
 
 (3) The authority of the Principal shall be supreme in all matters of dis- 
 cipline in his own school. 
 
 (3) When the Public and High Schools occupy jointly a school building or 
 school grounds, the authority of the Principal of the High School shall be supreme 
 in all matters of discipline in those parts of the accommodations which the schools 
 occupy in common. 
 
 (4) It shall be the duty of the Principal of a Commercial High School: 
 (a) To admit no pupil who has not been -duly admitted under the High 
 
 School Entrance Eegulations. 
 
 (6) To admit no pupil who has been enrolled in another High School or in a 
 Continuation School, unless he presents a letter of honourable dismission from the 
 
11 
 
 Principal of the School he last attended. In the event of a diapute, the parties 
 thereto shall submit full particulars of the question to the Inspector of the school 
 into which the pupil seeks admission. 
 
 (c) (i) To determine the number of Forms, the number of pupils to be 
 assigned to each Form, and the order in which the subjects in each Form shall be 
 taken up by the pupils. 
 
 (ii) To make such promotions from one Form to another as he may deem 
 expedient. "■ 
 
 (d) Subject to the Eegulations to assign the subjects of the Courses of Study 
 among the Assistants. 
 
 (e) To bring under the notice of the Advisory Committee, parents, guardians, 
 and pupils, from time to time as he may deem it expedient, such of the provisions 
 of the Eegulations as apply to them respectively. 
 
 Note. — ^When the school opens In September, and as often thereafter as may be 
 necessary, the Principal shall explain duly to the pupils their duties, the courses of 
 study, and the requirements of the examinations for which they may be preparing. 
 
 (/) To make, in a day school, as far as practicable, suitable arrangements for 
 the oversight and comfortable accommodation of those pupils whom he has per- 
 mitted to present themselves in the school building before 8.45 a.m., and of those 
 whom he has permitted to remain in the school building during, the noon recess 
 or after the close of school; also for the supervision of the playgrounds during the 
 recesses. 
 
 (g) To give assiduous attention to the health and comfort of the pupils, to 
 the cleanliness, temperature, and ventilation of the school house, to the care of all 
 maps, apparatus and other school property, to the preservation of shade trees and 
 the orderly arrangement and neat appearance of the playgrounds, and to report 
 promptly to the Advisory Committee and to the municipal health officer the ap- 
 pearance of any infectious or contagious disease in the school, or the unsanitary 
 condition of the school house, outhouses or surroundings. 
 
 (h) To refuse admission to the school of any pupil who he believes is 
 affected with, or exposed to, chicken pax] small pox, cholera, glanders, scarlet fever, 
 scarlatina, diphtheria, whooping cough, measles, mumps, or consumption, or other 
 infectious or contagious disease, until furnished with a certificate of a medical 
 health officer or of a duly qualified medical practitioner approved by him, that all 
 danger from exposure to contact with such pupil has passed. 
 
 (i) To suspend any pupil guilty of persistent truancy, or persistent opposition 
 to authority, habitual neglect of duty, the use of profane or improper language or 
 conduct injurious to the moral tone of the school, and to notify the parent or 
 guardian of the pupil, and the Advisory Committee, of such suspension; but the 
 parent or guardian of any pupil suspended may appeal against the action of the 
 Principal to the Advisory Committee, which shall have power to remove, confirm, 
 or modify such suspension. 
 
 (5) If a pupil injures or destroys school property the Principal shall report 
 to the parent' or guardian, and, if within a reasonable period the parent or 
 guardian fails to make good the damage, the Principal shall submit the matter 
 promptly to the Advisory Committee for settlement. 
 
12 
 
 (6) If a parent or guardian fails, after reasonable notice bj the Principal, to 
 pay the school fees of his child or ward, or to provide him -with the text-books or 
 other supplies required in his course of study tor to pay the fees imposed for such 
 purpose by the Advisory Committee, the Principal shall notify the Advisory 
 Committee promptly of such neglect, and the Committee may suspend the pupil, 
 or it may itself provide him with such text-books and other supplies, and may 
 exempt him from the payment of school and other fees. 
 
 (7) Where so requested, every Principal shall furnish the Minister and the 
 High or Continuation School Inspector with any information which it may be 
 in his power to give respecting the condition of the school premises, the discipline 
 of the school, the progress of the pupils, and any other matter affecting the 
 interests of the school, and shall prepare such reports to the Advisory Committee 
 as may be required by it. 
 
 (8) When the Principal of a Commercial High School has in charge more 
 than one day or night school, he shall be called the Supervising Principal, and the 
 duties and powers of the, other Principals shall be subject to such modifications as 
 may be made by the Advisory Committee with the Minister's approval. 
 
 (9) (a) Every teacher of a day school should be in his place in the school at 
 least fifteen minutes before the opening of the forenoon session and at least five 
 minutes before the opening of the afternoon session. 
 
 (6) Every teacher of a night school shall be in his place at least ten minutes 
 before the opening of the night session. 
 
 (10) Mutatis mutandis, the duties and powers of the teachers of the Com- 
 mercial Departments of the High and 'Continuation Schools shall be the same as 
 those prescribed for the other members of the staffs of such schools. 
 
 TERMS AND SESSIONS 
 
 8. — (1) (a) In a Day Commercial High School the school year shall consist 
 of three terms ; the first shall begin On the first Tuesday of September and end 
 on the 22nd of December, the second shall begin on the third of January and 
 end on the Thursday before Easter Day, and the third shall begin on the second 
 Monday after Easter Day and end on the 29th of June. 
 
 (6) Every Saturday, every public holiday, and every day proclaimed a holiday 
 by the council of the municipality in which the school is situated shall be a school 
 holiday. 
 
 (2) In a Mght Commercial High School, the school year shall consist of 
 two terms, beginning and ending on such dates and with such vacations as the 
 Advisory Committee may determine, subject to the approval of the Minister 
 and the Board. 
 
 (3) (a) Unless otherwise directed by the Advisory Committee and approved 
 by the Minister and the Board, the pupils attending a Day Commercial High 
 School or the Commercial Department of a High or Continuation School shall 
 assfemble for study at 9 o'clock in the forenoon and shall be dismissed not later 
 than 4 o'clock in the afternoon. 
 
 (&) For such pupils, such recesses at noon and during the forenoon and 
 afternoon shall be allowed as the Advisory C'ommittee may approve, but in no case 
 shall the number of school hours be less than five hours a day, including the 
 recesses in the forenoon and afternoon. 
 
13 
 
 (4) The school hours of the Night 'Commercial High School shall be deter- 
 mined by the Advisory Committee and shall be at least an hour and a half at 
 least twice a week. 
 
 DUTIES OF PUPILS 
 
 9- — (1) A pupil registered in a Bay or a Night Commercial High School or 
 in a Commercial Department shall attend punctually and regularly. 
 
 (2) He shall be neat and clean in his person and habits, diligent in his 
 studies, kind and courteous to his fellow pupils, obedient and respectful to the 
 teachers, and shall submit to such discipline as would be exercised by a kind, iirm, 
 and judicious parent. 
 
 (3) (a) A pupil of a Day school on returning after absence shall give the 
 Principal, from the parent or guardian, orally or in writing, as may be required by 
 the Principal, the reason for his absence. If this reason is not satisfactory, the 
 Principal shall communicate with the parent or guardian, and, in the event of no 
 satisfactory explanation, he may refuse the pupil admission thereafter, but, in that 
 case, he shall submit the question forthwith to the Advisory Committee. A 
 pupil of a Night school on returning after absence, shall give the Principal, ini 
 order to be readmitted, a satisfactory reason for his absence. 
 
 (&) A pupil may retire from school at any hour with the consent of the 
 Principal, or at the request, either oral or written, of his parent or gua.rdian. 
 If, however, the Principal has reason to believe that an unjustifiable use is being 
 made of this privilege, and is unable to secure due amendment, he shall submit 
 the question forthwith to the Advisory Committee. 
 
 (4) A pupil shall be responsible to the Principal for his conduct on the 
 school premises and on the way to and from school, except when accompanied by 
 his parent or guardian or by some person appointed for this purpose by such parent 
 or guardian. 
 
 COURSES OF STUDY 
 
 Classification 
 
 10. The General Syllabus below contains the subjects of the Commercial 
 Courses, and the definitions of the subjects as set forth therein are common to the 
 Day and Night Courses. 
 
 (1) The subjects of the General Syllabus are divided into four groups, as 
 follows : 
 
 Group I : The subjects, mainly academic, common to all the courses and years. 
 
 Group II: The subjects, mainly academic, for each year of the different 
 courses. 
 
 Group III: The special commercial subjects for each year of the different 
 -courses. 
 
 Group IV: Special additional subjects. 
 
 (2) The Day Courses are as follows: 
 
 (a) The General Business Course: For this course, the subjects of Groups 
 I, II, and III are obligatory, with at least one subject selected from those of 
 Group IV and with, in the case of Group II in the Fourth Year, an option 
 between Arithmetic and Algebra. A course of from two to four years. 
 
14 
 
 (6) The Acooimtancy Course: For this course, the subjects of Groups I, H, 
 and III, omitting Shorthand and Typewriting, are obligatory, with at least onfi 
 subject selected from Group IV; and, when Shorthand and Typewriting are added 
 to the subjects of Group III of the First and Second years, with an option in the 
 Third X Year between these subjects and Economics. A 'course of from two to 
 three years. 
 
 (c) The Shorthand and Typewriting Course: For this course, the subjects 
 of Groups I and II and the Business Papers and Shorthand and Typewriting ol 
 Group III, omitting the Arithemetie of the Third Year, are obligatory, with at 
 least one subject selected from Group IV. A course of from two to three years. 
 
 (d) Special Courses: To the foregoing courses may be added other courses 
 on the report of the Advisory Committee approved by the Minister. 
 
 (3) (a) To the subjects prescribed for each of courses (a), (&), and (c) 
 above may be added one or more others of the General Syllabus on the report of 
 the Principal approved by the Advisory Committee. 
 
 (6) When practicable, an arrangement should be made with business houses 
 for actual practice in their offices by the pupils during part of the Summer 
 holidays. Boards might make such practice a condition of obtaining the Senior 
 Diploma. 
 
 (4) The- Night school courses shall consist of such courses in the subjects of 
 the General Syllabus as the Advisory Committee may select on the report of the 
 Principal. 
 
 (5) (a) As the business requirements vary in different localities, the details 
 of the courses in the Special Commercial subjects may be modified by the Principal 
 with the approval of the Minister. 
 
 (6) The Principal may omit or curtail the courses in any of the subjects in 
 the case of individual pupils whose circumstances, in his judgment, necessitate 
 such consideration. 
 
 (c) Any modifications of the courses for which the Minister's approval is 
 prescribed shall be submitted to him before they are put into operation. 
 
 Selection 
 
 11. (1) Subject to the provisions of The Industrial Education Act and 
 Eegulation 10 above, and on the report of the Principal, the Advisory Committee 
 shall ;select the Day and Night courses of study ; but a course shall not lie taken up 
 if, on the report of the High or Continuation School Inspector concerned, the 
 Minister decides that the staff, equipment, or accommodations are inadequate or 
 unsuitable therefor. 
 
 (2) (ffl) Subject to the authorization of the parent or guardian, each pupil of 
 a Commercial High School or Commercial Department shall take one of the 
 courses (a), (&), and (c) provided for in 10 (3) above. 
 
 (6) A record shall be kept in the school by the Principal of the course taken 
 by each pupil. 
 
 (3) Subject to the approval of the Principal, each pupil of a Night school 
 shall select his subjects from amongst those provided by the Advisory Committee. 
 
15 
 
 Religious Exerci;ses and Instruction 
 
 13. — (1) (a) Every Day Commercial High School shall be opened with the 
 reading of the Scriptures and the repeating of the Lord's Prayer, and shall be 
 closed with the Lord's Prayer or the prayers authorized by the Department of 
 Education; but no pupil shall be required to take part in any religious exercise 
 objected to by his parent or guardian. 
 
 (&) (i) In schools without suitable waiting-rooms, or other similar accom- 
 modation, if the parent or guardian demands the withdrawal of a pupil while the 
 religious exercises are being held, such demand shall be complied with and the 
 reading of the Scriptures shall be deferred in inclement weather until the closing. 
 
 (ii) To secure the observance of this regulation, the teacher, before com- 
 mencing a religious exercise, shall allow the necessary interval to elapse, during 
 which the children or wards of those, if any,- who have' signified their objection 
 may retire. , 
 
 (c) If the parent or guardian objects to his child or ward taking part in 
 the religious exercises, but directs that he shall remain in the school room during 
 such exercises, the teacher shall permit him to do so, provided that he maintains 
 decorous behaviour during the exercises. 
 
 (d) If, in virtue of his right to be absent from the religious exercises, any 
 pupil does not enter the school room till the close of the time allowed for religious 
 exercises, such absence shall not be treated as an ofEence against the rules of the 
 school. 
 
 (e) When a teacher claims to have conscientious scruples in regard to open- 
 ing or closing school as herein prescribed, he shall notify the Advisory Committee 
 to that effect in writing; and it shall then be the duty of the Committee to make 
 such provision as it may deem expedient for the carrying out of the requirements 
 of (1) (a) above. 
 
 (2) (a) The Scriptures shall be read daily and systematically; the parts to 
 be read may be taken from the book of selections adopted by the Department for 
 that purpose, or from the Bible, or from the list of the Selected Scripture Eead-, 
 ings of the International Sunday School Association, as the Advisory Committee 
 by resolution may direct. 
 
 (&) An Advisory Committee may also order the reading of such parts by both 
 pupils and teachers at the closing of the schoo^ the repeating of the Ten Com- 
 mandments at least once a week, and the memorization of passages selected by the 
 Principal from the Bible. 
 
 (c) If an Advisory Committee does not pass the resolution provided for in (a) 
 above, the Principal shall make the selection himself, and shall promptly notify 
 the Committee of his action. Silch actioji may be revised by the Committee at 
 any time thereafter. 
 
 (3) (a) A clergyman of any denomination shall have the right, and it shall 
 be lawful for the Advisory Committee to allow him, to give religious instruction 
 to the pupils of his own church, in each school house, at least once a week, after 
 the hour of closing the school in the afternoon. 
 
 (6) Under the same conditions, a clergyman, selected by the clergymen of 
 any number of denominations, shall also have the right to give religious instruc- 
 tion to the pupils belonging to such denominations. , 
 ings of the International Bible Eeading Association, as the Advisory Committee by 
 resolution may direct. 
 
16 
 
 (c) If the clergymen of more than one denomination apply to give religious 
 instruction in the same school house, where the number of class-rooms is insufficient 
 for all at the same time, the Advisory Committee shall decide on what day of the 
 week a room shall be at the disposal of the clergyman of each denomination, at the 
 time above stated. 
 
 (4) Emblems of a denominational character shall not be exhibited in a 
 school during regular school hours. 
 
 (5) Every 'Commercial Department shall be subject to the same provisions 
 for religious exercises and instruction as are the other departments of the school. 
 
 GENERAL SYLLABUS 
 
 Group I 
 
 13. Morals and Manners. — Instruction in moral principles and good 
 manners, based upon current incidents, the lessons in literature, history, etc., and 
 the supplementary reading, and enforced by the teacher's own example. 
 
 Physical Culture : Drill and calisthenics, both free and with apparatus, 
 and gymnastics when practicable. 
 
 Outdoor and, when practicable, indoor athletics and games. 
 
 Where a Cadet Corps is maintained, the subjects prescribed in the Eegulations 
 of the Department of Militia and Defence, Ottawa. See Departmental Circular : 
 Instructions ISTo. 10. 
 
 Instructions: 1. — The courses in Physical Culture shall be taken up at least an 
 hour and a half every week in each Form for the first two years and an hour every 
 week in each of the third and fourth years. In schools having no gymnasium, gym- 
 nastics may be omitted. In all the years, the sexes shall be separately trained. 
 
 2. — No pupil shall be exempted from the course in Physical lOulture except upon 
 a medical certificate, or on account of evident physical disability, or for other reason 
 satisfactory to the Principal. 
 
 3. — ^When the weather permits, the Principal may substitute eac(h week for not 
 more than half the time prescribed above for Physical Culture, suitable outdoor sports 
 and games, in which all the pupils of a class shall take part, and which shall be under 
 the immediate supervision of one or more of the members of the staff. 
 
 FIRST YEAR 
 
 Group II 
 
 Reading. — Intelligent and intelli^ble natural reading; the principles to be 
 learned incidentally and summarized at the close of the course. 
 Exercises in breathing, articulation, and vocalization. 
 
 Instructions: 1. — The object of the course in reading is not only to enable the 
 pupil to read intelligently and intelligibly, but to train him to speak with naturalness, 
 distinct enunciation and correct pronunciation. 
 
 2. — Two lessons of thirty minutes are obligatory every week for the first year, 
 the average number of pupils in each class being not more than twenty-five, and the 
 time being increased or diminished proportionately when the average in the class is 
 greater or less than twenty-five. 
 
 Spelling. — The spelling, pronunciation, syllabication, and meaning of words 
 in common use, of geographical names, of technical commercial terms, and of 
 names of noted persons. 
 
En£:lish Composition. — Oral and written composition : the elements of 
 Narration and Description. 
 
 Business and Social correspondence: letters of introduction, application and 
 invitation; advertisements, notes, orders, etc. 
 
 Oral and written reproductions or precis. 
 
 Class debates. 
 
 Systematic arid careful application of the principles of good English to the 
 correction of mistakes made by the pupils in speaking and writing. 
 
 INSTEUCTIONS : 1. — Actual practice In oral and written composition should largely 
 predominate. The main principles of composition should te learned from the criticism 
 of the compositions, and systematized as the work proceeds. 
 
 2. — For some weeks at a time the minute study of the English Literature texts 
 might be intermitted and some of the time thus set free devoted to Englisih Composi- 
 tion, in the teaching of which the Supplementary Reading and the transactions of 
 the special commercial courses respectively might be utilized, and compositions might 
 be written in the class under the supervision of the teacher. 
 
 3. — The spelling and the writing of the compositions and other written exercises 
 should be constantly supervised. 
 
 Bngflish Grammar. — A thorough review of the course of Form IV of the 
 Public and Separate Schools, with emphasis on the practical applications. 
 
 English Literature. — Intelligent comprehension and oral reading of suit- 
 able authors, both prose and poetry. 
 
 Systematic oral reading of the texts studied in class. 
 
 Supplementary Eeading partly provided hy the pupils themselves and partly 
 supplied from the school, public, or other library. 
 
 Memorization and recitation of choice selections in prose and poetry. 
 
 INSTEUCTIONS : 1. — The object of the course Is the cultivation of a taste for good 
 literature, not toy minute critical study, tout by reading at home and in school, aloud 
 and silently, with due attention to the meaning, standard authors whose works will 
 quicken the imagination and present a strong elemenit of interest. Such authors should 
 oe chiefly narrative, descriptive, and dramatic. 
 
 2. — At the beginning of eadh school year a short list should be made out for each 
 Form, under at least four heads, of such suitable works as may be provided by the 
 pupils themselves or obtained in the school, public, or other library; and each pupil 
 should be required to read during the year at least one under each (head in addition 
 to those taken up in class. In English Literature too much time has hitherto been 
 given to the minute study of the texts. A larger proportion should be given hereafter 
 to the supplementary reading. 
 
 History. — A brief outline of Canadian History to 1840 and a more extended 
 outline from 1840 to the present time, with emphasis on the industrial and com- 
 mercial development of Canada and on inventions and discoveries, and their 
 results. 
 
 The organization and value of Trades Unions, Manufacturers' Associations. 
 Boards of Trade, Farmers' Institutes, etc. 
 
 Forms of civil government in Canada, and Ontario. 
 
 The rights and duties .of citizenship. 
 
 Great events of current world history. 
 
 The influence of geographical conditions upon political, commercial, and in- 
 dustrial development. 
 
 Supplementary reading and biographical sketches of persons famous in British 
 and Canadian History and in Greek and Eoman History. 
 
18 
 
 Geography. — Commercial. — The World: Land, water, air, and their relative 
 positions,v extent, etc.*; theories as to origin of continents, oceans, and the 
 atmosphere. 
 
 ISTorth America: Probable early conditions of the continent and course of 
 development to modern conditions; its physiography, the great mountain ranges, 
 the main slopes, the river systems; the glacial eras and consequent changes in the 
 glaciated areas; kinds of rocks, their origin, disposition and composition; kinds of 
 soil, their origin and characteristics. 
 
 The Dominion of Canada by Provinces: (1) Location and environment; (3) 
 physical structure, elevated sections, slopes, etc.; (3) rocks, soil, drainage; (4) 
 climate — conditions afEecting climate; (5) natural products as determined by the 
 preceding factors; (6) people, their nationality; their occupations as determined 
 by natural products, inherited tendencies, etc.; (7) industries and industrial 
 centres as determined by variable factors — ^shipping facilities, supply of raw 
 material, power, markets, etc.; (8) aids to commerce — railways and steamship 
 lines; postal, telegraph, telephone, and cable connections; (9) exports and imports, 
 buying and selling, markets. 
 
 Physical. — Ocean currents, tides, fog, snow, rain, winds, temperature 
 variations, erosion, soil formation, mountain and plain formation, volcanoes, 
 floral and faunal zones, etc. 
 
 Supplementary Reading, including books of travel. 
 
 INSTBTJCTIONS : 1. — The course in Commercial Geograpliy, even when studied in 
 detail, should not deal with minute particulars. With a general knowledge of the 
 subject, the pupil will have sufficient for the ordinary purposes of business and life. 
 When he needs special particulars, he may readily find them in books of reference. 
 
 2. — The work in Geography should be closely correlated with that in History, 
 especially to show how the political, industrial, and commercial development of each 
 country has been Influenced by its geographical conditions. 
 
 3. — For the proper development of the course a museum of commercial products 
 and a supply of lantern slides, mounted photographs or other pictures are necessary. 
 
 Arithmetic. — Elementary work reviewed. Weights, measures, and currency 
 of Canada, the British Isles, and the United States. 
 
 Vulgar fractions, decimals; percentage: trade discount, loss and gain, com- 
 mission and brokerage, insurance, taxes, duties, simple interest, bank discount; 
 mixtures. 
 
 Oral arithmetic. 
 
 The mensuration of the rectangle, the triangle, the trapezium, similar 
 triangles, the circle, the cylinder, prisms, and rectangular solids. 
 
 Problems in carpeting, papering, lathing, plastering, shingling, etc. 
 
 Special drills to secure accuracy and rapidity in calculation; the four simple 
 rules, especially vertical and cross " tots " ; extension of bills and invoices ; per- 
 centage; interest and discount; "short cuts." 
 
 Penmanship. — Special attention to position and movement ; the formation 
 of a legible and graceful business hand; figures; ledger headings. 
 
 Group III 
 
 Bookkeeping. — Double and Single Entry, involving the use of Journal, Cash 
 Book, Invoice Book, Sales Book, Bill Book, Ledger. 
 
19 
 
 Pinancial statements, closing the ledger, changing from Single to Double 
 Entry. 
 
 Business Papers. — Simple business ^orms: receipts, promissory notes, drafts, 
 orders, deposit slips, cheques, bank drafts, bills of goods, invoices, accounts ;- 
 endorsement and consequent liability. 
 
 Shorthand. — The principles of Shorthand as set forth in the Isaac^ Pitman 
 Course in Shorthand. 
 
 Beading simple stories. 
 Writing to dictation. 
 Transcription. 
 
 Typewriting. — The Touch method. 
 Mechanism and care of the machine. 
 
 Typewriting letters on letter, memo., and note paper, and post cards; 
 Addressing post cards, envelopes, and wrappers. 
 Folding and inserting, mailing and registering; postal information. 
 
 INSTBUCTION. — This subject may be deferred until the Second Year. 
 
 Group IV 
 
 Art. — Mediums: lead pencil, and brush with ink and water colours. 
 
 Drawing simple type solids in outline and in light and shade, singly and in 
 groups of two or three. 
 
 Freehand perspective as applied to object drawing. 
 
 Study of colour : the standard colours, hues of colour, neutralization of colour, 
 scales of tones. 
 
 Drawing and painting from the object or from memory: (a) natural forms, 
 such as grasses, fruits, flowers, leaves, sprays, trees, birds, insects, etc.; (&) 
 manufactured objects of simple form such as boxes, cans, bottles, lanterns, tents, 
 tools, books, furniture, crockery, etc.; (c) figure drawing: poses to illustrate 
 ordinary scenes, such as skipping, fishing, playing ball, etc.; (d) illustrations 
 in outline or in silhouette, of school compositions, literature, history or other 
 school work; (e) simple landscape, representing phases of the day and the season, 
 with few details. 
 
 Composition and space filling, including ornamental design and the prin- 
 ciples of design. 
 
 Lettering, freehand and mechanical. i 
 
 Original designs for such objects as calendars, festival cards, book coverS;{ 
 menus, etc., in neutral tones and in colour, based upon (a) geometric forms, (&) 
 conventionalized natural forms. 
 
 Picture study. 
 
 'Algebra. — Elementary operations, evaluation of simple expressions, symbolic 
 expression, and the use of formula. 
 
 Simple equations, factoring, highest common factor, lowest common multiple, 
 fractions. Problems leading to simple equations. 
 
30 
 
 Science.' — Zoology : Invertebrates. — ^Class study of a grasshopper. 
 
 Study of a butterfly or a house-fly with observations on manner of feeding 
 and development. 
 
 Class study of the fresh water clam. 
 
 Observations on the mosquito; the necessity of water for its developnient and 
 the use of oils to destroy larvae. 
 
 Vertebrates. — Study of the external characteristics of a domestic fowl, pigeon 
 or other common bird. Comparison of the bills and feet of different types of 
 Ontario birds. Instructions regarding the protection of birds by law. 
 
 Study of the external characteristics of a common fish. Structure of the 
 gills and the manner of breathing. 
 
 Study of the external characteristics of a common frog; of its development 
 from the egg. 
 
 Migration of birds. Identification of twelve kinds of common birds; suffi- 
 cient description for this purpose to be recorded. 
 
 Botany: The Plant as a Whole. — A detailed study of some common plant 
 such as a petunia or buttercup, taking up the structure of all the parts in 
 succession; the study of additional plants as a basis for the classification of roots 
 and stems; the study to be such as can be carried on with the aid of an ordinary 
 lens. 
 
 Roots. — Varieties of form. 
 
 S'f ems.— Yarieties of form; erect, prostrate, climbing, twining, subterranean, 
 aquatic. Stem-structure in dicotyledons knd monocotyledons. 
 
 Foliage-leaves. — General structure, veining, form and arrangement in relation 
 to sunlight and shedding of rain. 
 
 Fruits. — Structure and classification of the simpler fruits, such as a pea or 
 bean, shepherd's purse, poppy, apple, tomato, grape, plum, corn and maple ; adapta- 
 tion for the dispersal of seeds. 
 
 Seeds. — Eecognition of common field and garden seeds such as pea, bean, 
 morning glory, representing dicotyledons; corn, wheat, representing monocoty- 
 ledons; form, markings, parts and their functions, position of stored food. 
 
 Germination of Seeds. — Simple experiments to illustrate the more important 
 phenomena "and requirements -of germination and growth, e.g., need of air, 
 warmth and moisture; root-hairs; root-cap; region of gi;owth in root. 
 
 Physics : Introductory.— M.eas\iTemeTit in Metrical and English unitg of 
 length, area, volume, and mass; structure and use of the balance; the three 
 states of matter, defined and explained. 
 
 Mechanics. — The principle of the mechanical powers; some of their more 
 important simple applications. 
 
 Hydrostatics. — Pascal's Law, statement and illustration, some of its more 
 important applications; pressure of liquids in its relation to direction, depth, 
 density of liquids, area pressed, and the shape of containing vessel; Archimedes' 
 principle; specific gravity; coonmon methods of finding specific gravities of solids, 
 liquids and gases. 
 
21 
 
 PneMmatics.—The properties of a gas as exhibited in air as a type; proof 
 that air has weight, occupies space, and exerts pressure; construction of the 
 barometer; the relation between the volume and pressure of a gas; practical 
 appliaation of air pressure; air-pump, common pump, siphon, the principle of 
 air-brakes, air-tools. 
 
 French. — Training of the ear and the tongue in the pronunciation and the 
 spelling of the names of common objects, states, and actions. 
 
 Reading anecdotes, short stories, and easy descriptions, with oral drill and 
 incidental teaching of the grammar. 
 
 Conversation and dictation. 
 
 German. — Topics, the same as for the course in French. 
 
 SECOND YEAR. 
 
 Group II. 
 
 Spelling. — The course of the First Year continued. 
 
 Business and technical expressions, especially those occurring in the financial 
 and editorial columns of the daily papers. 
 Proof reading. 
 
 English Composition. — The course of the First Year continued. 
 
 English Literature. — The course of the First Year continued. 
 
 History. — A very brief outline of British History to the Tudor period, a 
 brief outline to 1685, and a more detailed outline from 1685 to the present time, 
 with emphasis on the industrial and commercial development of the British Em- 
 pire, and on inventions and discoveries and their results. 
 
 Great events of current world history. 
 
 The elements of the civil government of Britain and Canada, and the duties 
 of citizenship. 
 
 Supplementary reading and biographical sketches of persons famous in Cana- 
 dian, British, Greek, and Eoman history. 
 
 Geography: Commercial. — The Dominion of Canada as a commercial unit; 
 the east, middle, and west; natural products and surplus productions of each 
 section; interproyincial commerce; railway systems, steamship companies; grain 
 elevators, cold storage warehouses, refrigerator cars, stock yards, etc.; summer 
 and winter ports ; exports to and* imports from both Atlantic and Pacific countries ; 
 tariffs, commercial treaties, and bonding privileges; pure food laws; fruit and 
 gi-ain inspection ; quarantine regulations ; immigration laws ; inland revenue ; 
 freight and express rates, etc. 
 
 The British Empire— Great Britain and Ireland, Egypt, India, Australia, 
 South Africa, West Indies, etc. ; trade and commerce within the Empire. Trade and 
 commerce with the following foreign nations: the United States, Mexico, Brazil, 
 Argentine Republic, Chili, France, Germany, Russia, Belgium, Holland, Denmark, 
 Austria-Hungary, Italy, Turkey, Egypt, China, Japan; their chief natural and 
 manufactured products; competition of these nations for Canadian and oversea 
 markets. 
 
 Study of museum specimens, illustrating raw materials of commerce, stages 
 in the process- of manufacture, and the finished product. 
 
23 
 
 Arithmetic. — The course of the First Year continued. 
 Weights, measures, and currency of France and Germany. 
 Partnership settlements, stocks, debentures, partial payments, equation of 
 payments, compound interest, and exchange. 
 
 The course in mensuration of the First Year continued. 
 The pyramid, the cone, the sphere. 
 
 Penmanship. — The course of the First Year continued (optional). 
 
 Group III 
 
 Booklteeping. — Use of special columns in books of original entry. 
 
 Partnership and the sharing of profits by different methods. 
 
 Commission business. 
 
 Banking transactions: Deposits, withdrawals, discounts, collections. 
 
 Freight, duty, discount, and bad debts accounts. 
 
 Division of merchandise and expense accounts into various subordinate 
 accounts. 
 
 Trading account, profit and loss account, and balance sheet, with percentage 
 calculations. 
 
 Business Law. — Contracts, negotiable paper, payments, partnership. 
 
 Shorthand. — The course of the First Year continued. 
 
 Beading of one or more books in shorthand for the purpose of acquiring 
 a good style. 
 
 Speed of 100 words per minute. 
 
 Transcription on the typewriter at 12 words per minute. 
 
 Typewriting. — Acquisition of a speed of 40 words per minute. 
 
 Writing letters from shorthand and from dictation. 
 
 Copying Processes — carbon copy, letter book and letter press. Multiplying 
 copies of circular letters by neostyle and mimeograph. 
 
 Centering : programmes, invitations, menus, title pages, index pages,- reports, 
 schedules. 
 
 Tabular Work : accounts, invoices, trial balances, financial statements, statistics. 
 Business forms, specifications, advertisements, etc. 
 
 Legal Forms: mortgages, leases, partnership agreements, powers of at- 
 torney, etc. 
 
 Copying frpm rough drafts with corrections. , 
 
 Latest and most approved office devices. 
 
 The complete care of inward and outward correspondence. Filing documents 
 and papers — Vertical, Shannon and Card Index Systems. 
 
 Group IV 
 
 ^^^ Mediums — Pencil, charcoal, pen and ink, brush a^d ink, and water 
 
 colours. 
 
 Lettering reviewed. Designing ornamental initial letters, making mottoes 
 
 and price tickets. 
 
 Geometric problems leading to design and pattern making. 
 
23 
 
 Projection drawings of simple solids, entire and intersected. 
 
 Working drawings of simple objects, as a boat, a mallet, a school desk, etc. 
 
 Simple problems in perspective, involving the use of station point, vanishing 
 points, measuring points, scales, etc. 
 
 Simple architectural drawing: arches, mouldings, window tracery designs; 
 plans of basements, ground floors, first floors ; elevations ; making of blue-prints. 
 
 Wash drawings in neutral values and monochromes. Space filling and design- 
 ing units — circle, square, rectangle, lunette, spandrel, panel, etc., illustrating 
 balanced tones, harmony, pleasing composition, etc. 
 
 Colour harmonies reviewed with tone relations. 
 
 Conventional treatment of natural forms in design. 
 
 Charcoal drawings of plaster casts. 
 
 Painting landscapes, flowers, birds, and fruit. 
 
 Illustrations of stories and humorous situations. 
 
 The picture study of the First Year continued. 
 
 Algebra. — The course of the First Year continued. 
 Simultaneous equations of the first degree, square root. 
 Problems leading to simultaneous equations. 
 
 Science : Zoology: Invertebrates. — Study of the lifejiistory, habits and 
 method of feeding of at least two injurious insects; methods of combating the 
 attacks of injurious insects. 
 
 Class study of the external characteristics of a crayfish. 
 
 Vertebrates. — Study of the external characteristics of a cat, dog, or rabbit; 
 chief characteristics of the skeleton of a mammal, such as a cat. Kecognition of 
 the common wild mammals of the locality. 
 
 Study of the external characteristics of a snake and a turtle. 
 
 A general view of the various forms of animal life to show their relation 
 to the aesthetic and practical sides of human life. 
 
 Botany: Weeds. — Eecognition of common forms; how they spread, and how 
 they may be controlled. 
 
 Fungi. — Eecognition ,and mode of life of mushroom, puff-ball, polypore, as 
 saprophytic, forms ; and apple scab, lilac mildew, wheat rust, black knot or other 
 common type, as a parasitic form. 
 
 Boots. — Simple experiments to illustrate root functions, e.g., absorption by 
 osmosis, growth towards moisture. 
 
 Soils. — The presence of soluble and insoluble materials in soils; simple 
 experiments in illustration. 
 
 Stems. — Simple experiments to illustrate stem-function, e.g., conduction of 
 cell-sap, heliotropism. 
 
 Foliage leaves. — Simple experiments to illustrate leaf-functions, e.g., trans- 
 piration, manufacture of starch in sunlight, disappearance of starch in darkness, 
 exhalation of a gas by green water plants, exhalation of carbon dioxide. 
 
 Trees. — Mode of branching and identification by leaves, bark and wood of 
 maple, willow or oak, a conifer, apple, and plum or cherry. 
 
Ferns. — General structure and habits of a common fern. 
 
 Review. — A. general view of plant forms and parts, directing attention to 
 the contribution each makes to the aesthetic and practical sides of hum,an life. 
 
 Physics : Heat. — Nature and source ; experiments to illustrate the expansion 
 of solids, liquids, and gases by heat; some practical applications of the principle 
 of expansion; the anomalous expansion of water, its significance; meaning of 
 temperature as compared with quantity of heat; graduation of the mercury 
 thermometer in the Centigrade and the Fahrenheit scale, conversion from one 
 scale to the other; meaning of latent heat, applications; experimental demonstra- 
 tion of the transmutation of heat into mechanical energy. 
 
 Sound. — jSTature and propagation of sound; properties of sounds; consonance 
 and resonance; reflection of sound; structure of human ear. 
 
 Light. — Nature and propagation of light; simple experiments illustrating the 
 reflection and refraction of light; dispersion of light; colour of bodies; structure 
 of human eye. 
 
 French. — The course of the First Year continued. 
 
 Grammar with exercises, and introductory work in authors and business 
 correspondence. 
 
 Memorization and recitation of suitable selections. 
 Conversation. 
 
 German. — Topics, the same as for the course in French. ^ 
 
 THIRD YEAR 
 
 Group II. 
 
 English Composition. — The course of the Second Year continued. 
 The elements of Exposition and Argumentation. 
 
 The study of models in prose writing, systematically taken up towards the 
 close of the course. <• 
 
 Debates and public speaking. 
 
 English Literature. — -Intelligent and appreciative study of suitable authors, 
 both prose and poetry. 
 
 Systematic oral reading of the texts studied in the class. 
 
 Supplementary 'reading provided by the pupils themselves or supplied from 
 the school, public, or other library. 
 
 Memorization and recitation of choice selections in prose and poetry. 
 
 History. — A general outline of commercial and industrial history, with 
 special attention to the developments of the last century. 
 
 Arithmetic. — The course of the Second Year continued. 
 Compound interest, simple annuities, partial payments, averaging accounts, 
 analysis of accounts and financial statements. 
 Foreign exchange. 
 
25 
 
 Group III- 
 
 Accounting:. — Self -balancing ledgers, analysis sheets for expense, and for 
 departments, company accounts, partnership adjustment, manufacturing accounts, 
 cost accountings goodwill, depreciation, reserve. 
 
 Financial statements. 
 
 Simple auditing. 
 
 Business I^aw. — Review of the work of the Second Year. 
 Eelation of buyer and seller, shipper and carrier, principal and agent, pay- 
 ments. 
 
 Partnership and joint stock companies. 
 
 Economics. — Human wants ; utility and goods ; gifts of nature, labour, 
 capital, organi2iation, and enterprise, as the factors of production. 
 
 Efficiency of production, division of labour, large scale production. 
 
 Exchange, including value, money, credit, banking and markets. 
 
 Distribution involving rent, interest, wages, salaries and profits. 
 
 Public industries and the relation of the State to private enterprise; public 
 expenditure, and the sources of revenue. i- 
 
 Conservation of Canada's natural resources. 
 
 Sliorthand. — A speed of 120' words a minute; transcription on the type- 
 writer at 25 words a minute. 
 
 Typewriting. — The course of the Second Year continued. 
 
 Group IV 
 
 Art. — Mediums — Pencil, .charcoal, pen and ink, brush and ink, and water 
 colours, plasticine. 
 
 Colour harmony, pleasing colour schemes from nature. 
 
 Border design in black and white and in colours. 
 
 Historic ornament. 
 
 Freehand drawing of more difficult and complex objects, as an aid to advertise- 
 ment writing. 
 
 Designing and painting in harmonious colour schemes, display cards, price 
 tickets, etc. 
 
 Designing and rendering in black and white, advertisements, department 
 headings for newspapers and magazines, initial letters, head and tail pieces. 
 
 Surface patterns for vertical and horizontal surfaces. 
 
 Thanksgiving, Christmas, Few Year's and Easter designs in season; menu 
 cards, folders, and book-covers. 
 
 Pose drawing: The hand, foot, ear, and other elements of the human figure, 
 from casts or models, as an aid to preparing advertisements ; action drawing. 
 
 Modelling tile designs in clay or plasticine. 
 
 Algebra. — The course of the Second Year continued. 
 
 Cube root. Indices, surds. Quadratics of one and two unknowns; the re- 
 lations between their roots and co-efficients. 
 Simple graphs. 
 
26 
 
 Science. — Physics: Magnetism and Electricity: 'Na.tuTal magnets; artificial 
 magnets; polarity; terrestrial magnetism, compasses, d^p needle, magnetic poles of 
 the earth; static electricity, positive and negative charges, electric discharges,, 
 lightning rods, condensers. 
 
 Current electricity, construction of cells and batteries; electro-magnets and 
 their use in door bells, telegraphs, telephone, scrap iron, cranes, dynamos, motors, 
 etc.; incandescent lamps, projection lanterns, electric -wiring, etc.; electrical 
 measurements — ampere, volt, ohm, watt, kilovatt; transformers, rheostats, elec- 
 trolysis, electroplating, alternating currents; transmission lines, etc. 
 
 Chemistet: Introductory experiments. 
 
 Electrolysis of water and study of resulting gases, preparation of hydrogen 
 and oxygen by other methods; study of air, demonstrating the presence of oxygen 
 and other constituents. 
 
 Carbon, properties of carbon dioxide; combustion or burning, oxidation and 
 reduction, flame structure and colour. 
 
 Acids, bases, salts — their formation, tests and nomenclature. 
 
 Sulphur and its compounds, and their use in commercial operations; sodium 
 and potassium; chlorine, its compounds and their importance in bleaching and 
 reduction processes; nitrogen, its compounds, especially ammonia and the oxides; 
 calcium — lime, lime-stone, lime water, carbide; phosphorus, its varieties and uses 
 in commerce. 
 
 French. — The course of the Second Year continued. 
 
 Business correspondence, including terminology for letters and articles of 
 commerce. 
 
 Reading suitable authors and French newspapers. 
 Conversation. 
 
 German. — Topics, the same as for the course in French. 
 
 FOURTH VEAR 
 
 Group TI 
 
 English Composition. — The course of the Third Year continued. 
 Critical study of prose models continued. 
 Parliamentary procedure in the conduct of meetings. 
 The Debating and Literary Societies to supplement class work. 
 Summary of elements of business letters. Postal information. Office 
 practice. 
 
 English i^iterature. — The course of the Third Year continued. 
 
 History. — Industrial history of England, with special reference to the period ' 
 from 1763 to the present time. 
 
 Geography : Commerce and Transportation. — Exporting and importing. 
 Methods of trade with other countries— England, Germany, France, Australia, the 
 United States. Markets; following products from source to consumer. 
 
27 
 
 Organization, operations, and practical problems of railways and express com- 
 panies; practical aspects of ocean, lake, river, and canal traffic; international 
 routes, custom duties, and bonded warehouses; freight, insurance, and other 
 charges; the telephone, the telegraph, the postal service. 
 
 General laws relating to transportation. 
 
 Arithmetic. — The course of the Third Year continued. 
 
 Annuities and Sinking Funds. 
 
 The use of logarithms and interest tables. 
 
 Algebra. — The course of the Third Year continued. 
 
 Simpl? ratio and proportion. 
 
 Annuities and Sinking Funds.' 
 
 The use of logarithms and interest tables. 
 
 Group III 
 
 Accounting. ■ — Practical problems in accountancy, including the theory and 
 practice of accounts, and the analysis of accounts and of financial statements: 
 
 Accounts of non-trading concerns. , 
 
 ' Eevenue and Expense account. 
 
 Methods of reducing labour in bookkeeping. 
 
 The purpose and method of the audit and the report upon the financial con- 
 dition of a business. 
 
 Business Law.- — The Bills of Exchange Act, The Dominion Companies Act, 
 The Ontario Coinpanies Act — all in outline. 
 
 Banking and lExchange.^ — Money and its functions; note issue and currency 
 regulaticjns. Credit instruments and their uses. 
 
 Banks, their organizatioji and functions; the clearing house; the banking 
 system of Canada compared with other systems ; the Bank Act. 
 
 The money market; inland and foreign exchanges, terms, documents, arbitra- 
 tion and rate of exchange; the stock exchange, its machinery, terms, and usages; 
 brokers. 
 
 Economics. — The Course of the Third Year continued. 
 Public Economics: Free trade and protective tariffs; the problems of mon- 
 opolies ; the railway problem in Canada ; socialism ; the Single Tax ; statistics. 
 Essays on Economic themes as regular term work. 
 Visits to typical Canadian industries. 
 
 Theses. —Independent work in the library, the commercial museum, or the 
 laboratory, in connection with an investigation of some commercial or industrial 
 . problem, and the preparation of a thesis thereon. 
 
 Instkttction. — Such subjects as the following are suggested: The Economic Value 
 of Niagara Palls, The Workmen's Compensation Act, The Milk Supply of any Town or 
 City, Chartered Accountancy and its Relation to Modern Business, The Influence of the 
 War on Canada's Trade and Industry, The Mineral Wealth of Canada, Canadian Indus- 
 tries and Markets. 
 
28 
 
 Group IV 
 
 Art. — Mediums — Charcoal, pen and ink, brush and ink and water colours. 
 
 Work of the Third Year reviewed and continued. 
 
 More intensive study of the drawing of the human figure as an aid to adver- 
 tisement writing — hands, boots, clothes, expressions of the' face (front and profile 
 views) action drawings. ' 
 
 More advanced work in preparing advertisements, designing of department 
 headings, show card writing. 
 
 Illustration of huraorous situations. 
 
 Study of the characteristics of the different styles of architecture — Greek, 
 Gothic, etc. 
 
 Study of the chajacteristics of the different schools of art, with some atten- 
 tion to the work of Canadian artists. 
 
 Designing of ex libris, head and tail pieces in books, etc. 
 
 '" Science : 'Chemistry : Study of metals ; qualitative analysis, with special 
 attention to tests and applications to commercial operations; starch and starchy 
 substances, beet and cane sugar, molasses, etc.; yeast, fermentation and its pro- 
 ducts, as in vinegar, alcohol, etc.; ethers — aldehyde, chloral, methyl alcohol, 
 ■chloroform, etc. ; carbohydrates — acetylene, marsh gas, illuminating gases ; distil- 
 lation of tar and its products — ^benzine, j)ara£fine, iniUne colours, etc.-; extraction 
 of oils — purification, properties, and uses; soaps and saponification; organic acids 
 and their uses. 
 
 Study of textiles — wool, cotton, silk, flax. 
 
 Pure food tests, the detection of common adulterants by simple qualitative 
 tests. 
 
 Testing of raw materials of commerce, as oils, chemicals, etc. 
 
 "Visits to factories to observe industrial conditions and to see commercial 
 applications of .- principles and practices learned in an experimental way in the 
 laboratory. 
 
 Essays (typewritten) embodying lecture room and laboratory instruction and 
 amplified by reference to library texts, reference books, and government reports. 
 
 French. — Fluent expression, and the phraseology of business correspondence. 
 French usages, duties, exchanges, markets, banks, transportation, and docu- 
 ments. 
 
 German. — Topics, the same as for the course in French. 
 
 GRADUATION DIPLOMAS 
 
 14. — (1) Graduation diplomas, as follows, may be awarded by a School 
 Eoard on the report of the Advisory Committee and the Principal to. pupils whose 
 conduct and attendance have been satisfactory and who have completed the pre- 
 scribed courses: 
 
 [a) A Junior Diploma for a course of at least two years; and — 
 (6) A Senior Diploma for a course of at least three years. 
 
 (2) The tests for said diplomas shall be prescribed by the Advisory Com- 
 mittee, subject to the Eegulations and the approval of the Minister. 
 
29 
 
 (3) Each diploma sliall specify the course in which the diploma is given 
 and the number of years spent in preparation therefor. 
 
 (4) The dipbma ^hall be signed by the Chairman of the Board, the Chair- 
 man of the Advisory Committee, and the Principal of the School. 
 
 INSPECTION 
 
 15. — (1) The inspection of the Commercial courses of the High Schools 
 shall be made by the High School Inspectors, and of those of the Day Continua- 
 tion Schools, by the Continuation School Inspectors. 
 
 (2) The minimum number and length of visits of inspection to be paid to 
 the Day Courses shall be in accordance with the Eegulations for the inspection of 
 the Day High and Continuation Schools. . 
 
 (3) Subject to instructions from the Minister, the minimum numiber and 
 length of visits of inspection to be paid to Night Commercial High Schools shall 
 be the time of one night session for a staff of one or two teachers and half the 
 time of one night session for each additional teacher. 
 
 ■'t!-'- 
 
 (4) (a)' The Inspector, while officially visiting a school shall have supreme 
 authority in the school, and may direct teachers and pupils in regard to dis-. 
 cipline or to any or all of the exercises of the school. 
 
 ( & ) He shall make enquiry and examination, in such manner as he may think 
 proper, into the qualifications and the efficiency of the staff, the adequacy r.nd the 
 suitability of the accommodations and the equipment of the school, and all matters 
 affecting the progress and the health and comfort of the pupils. 
 
 (c) He shall report to the Minister, with his recommendations, the result 
 of his enquiry and examination, within ten days after the close thereof. He shall 
 also from time to time report any violation of the Schools Acts or the Eegulations, 
 in the case of the schools of which he is Inspector. 
 
 DISTRIBUTION OF LEGISLATIVE GRANT 
 
 16. — (1) The Legislative grant to a Day Commercial High School with a 
 staff of at least five teachers, including at least one Specialist in each of the fol- 
 lowing: the Commercial subjects. Moderns and History, Science, Mathematics, 
 Art, and Physical Culture, shall be apportioned' on the bases provided for 
 Collegiate Institutes in Regulations 2, 3, 4 and 5, pp. 45-47, of the High School 
 Eegulations, as modified by the Eegulations herein. 
 
 (2) The Legislative grant to other Day Commercial High Schools shall be 
 apportioned on the bases provided for in Regulations 1, 3, 4, and 5, pp. 45-47, of 
 the High School Regulations. 
 
 (3) In the distribution of the grant for Continuation Schools and Day High 
 Schools, the Commercial Departments are taken along with the other Departments. 
 
 (4) Night Commercial High Schools that have complied with the Regula- 
 tions therefor shall be entitled to the following proportion of the total salaries of 
 the staffs : 
 
 ~ In cities with populations of 150,000 and over, one-sixth; in other cities, one- 
 third; in towns, one-half; and in villages, two-thirds. 
 
30 
 
 AUTHORIZED TEXT BOOKS 
 
 17. — ^(1) The following are authorized for use ia Commercial High Schools 
 and Departments: 
 
 Bookkeeping : 
 
 Ontario School Bookkeeping — 'First Course. Educational Book 
 
 Company of Toronto, Ltd , $ .30 
 
 Ontario School Bookkeeping — Second Course. Educational Book 
 Company of Toronto, Ltd. {Authorized for the second and 
 
 years of the Course in Boohheeping) 1.00 
 
 Writing : 
 
 Ontario Writing Course. E. H. Harcourt Co., Ltd 05 
 
 Ontario School Book-keeping Blank. Educational Book Company 
 
 of Toronto, Ltd '.12 
 
 Ontario Pupils' Outfit in Business Papers. EducationaLBook Com- 
 pany, Ltd., Toronto 08 
 
 These two Blanks may be obtained in one packet at 20 cents. 
 
 Drawing : 
 
 Ontario Blank Drawing Book, No. 2. W. J. Gage Co., Ltd 05 
 
 (3) The text books for the purely academic subjects shall be the saihe as 
 those authorized for the High Schools. 
 
 (3) Text books or blanks suitable for the subjects of the courses, not provided 
 for above, may be authorized by the Minister for use in a^school, on application of 
 the Principal, approved by the Advisory Committee. 
 
APPENDIX 
 
 BOOKS OF REFERENCE - 
 
 Note. — The titles marked with an asterisk are those of hooks of special importance. 
 BOOKKEEPING, ACCOUNTINQ, AND AUDITING 
 
 Bookkeeping by Single and Double Entry. P. Mcintosh $1 50 
 
 Commercial Text-Book Co., Toronto. 
 
 Accounting and Business Practice. Moore and Miner 1 40 
 
 Ginn & 'Co., New York. 
 Gives very full instructions regarding business routine. 
 
 *Elements of Accounting. J. J. Klein 1 50 
 
 D. Appleton & Co., New York. 
 
 A practical, compact, and clearly presented treatment of Accountancy, 
 showing the relation between Accountancy and Bookkeeping. 
 
 *Modern Accounting. H. E. Hatfield 1 75 
 
 T>. Appleton & Co. 
 
 A clear exposition of the two main purposes of accounting — the presen- 
 tation of the status of a business concern and the determination of its 
 
 profits, including cost accounting. 
 
 .*■ 
 
 Canadian Standard Bookkeeping. Hoskins and Westervelt 1 50 
 
 Commercial Text-Book Co., Toronto. 
 
 *Eowe's Bookkeeping and Accountancy. H. M. Eowe 1 50 
 
 H. M. Eowe Co., Baltimore, Md. 
 
 A clear presentation of the best present usage among American Account- 
 ants. 
 
 The Canadian Accountant. J. W. Johnson 2 00 
 
 J. W. Johnson, Belleville. 
 
 Accountancy Problems, with Solutions. Leo Greendlinger 5 50 
 
 Eonald Press Co., 198 Broadway, N.Y. 
 
 Selected problems from the various State examinations for Certified 
 Public Accountants. 
 
 Partnership Accounts. Percy Child 1 25 
 
 Gee & Co., London. 
 A brief but clear treatment of a dlfBcult branch of accounting. 
 
 Joint Stock Company Bookkeeping. J. W. Johnson 1 75 
 
 J. W. Johnson, Belleville. 
 
 Joint Stock Company Accounts. D. Hoskins 2 00 
 
 Shaw Correspondence School, Toronto. 
 
 Cost Accounts. Strachan 1 50 
 
 Stevens & Haynes, 13 Bell Yard, Temple Bar, W.C., London. 
 A brief but clear statement of the general principles. 
 
 31 
 
32 
 
 *Clost Accounts. Hawkins $2 50 
 
 Gee & Co., London. 
 
 A general treatment of Manufacturers' Cost Accounts. Contains an, 
 explanation of the principles involved with Instructions for their application. 
 Illustrated by an explanatory diagram and a set of forms. 
 
 *Manufacturers' Accounts. Eddis and Tindall, Toronto. The Authors. . . 3 00 
 
 A clear and concise statement of the general principles of Cost Account- 
 ing, illustrating by examples the necessary forms, books and entries. 
 
 Executorship Accounts. Whinney 3 T'S 
 
 Gee & Co., London. 
 
 Executorship Accounts. Caldecott. 1 50 
 
 Gee & Co., London. 
 
 Goodwill. L. E. Dicksee • 1 50 
 
 Gee & Co., London. 
 
 *Accounting in Theory and Practice. Lisle 4 35 
 
 William Green & Sons, Edinburgh. 
 
 One of the most important books dealing with the principles of gen- 
 eral accountancy. 
 
 The Philosophy of Accounts. C. E. Sprague, New York. The Author 3 30 
 
 Deals with the theory of accounts and contains also important chapters 
 on the practical treatment of Cash and Merchandise Accounts. 
 
 *Auditing — Theory and Practice. E. H. Montgomery 5 00 
 
 , Eonald Press, New York. 
 
 A standard work. 
 
 BUSINESS LAW, ADMINISTRATION, AND ORQANIZATION 
 
 *Commercial Law. W. H. Anger 75 
 
 The Copp Clark Co., Ltd., Toronto. 
 
 Apiplles to all the Canadian provinces and Newfoundland; suitable for 
 class work in secondary schools. 
 
 Digest of Mercantile Law. W. H. Anger 3 00 
 
 The Copp Clark Co., Ltd., Toronto. 
 
 Ontario Companies Act 65 
 
 iCarswell 'Co., Ltd., Toronto. 
 
 Dominion Companies Act , ^5 
 
 Carswell Co., Ltd., Toronto. 
 
 McLaren on Notes and Drafts 6 00 
 
 Carswell Co., Ltd., Toronto. 
 
 Business Organization. S. E. Sparling 1 35 
 
 The Macmillan .Company, Toronto. 
 
 An exposition of the organization of extractive, manufacturing, and 
 distributive industries. 
 
33 
 
 OfBce Organization and Management. L, E. Dicksee and H. E. Blain .... $2^ 00 
 The Copp Clark Co., Ltd., Toronto. 
 A discussion of the requirements of office accommodation and equip- 
 ment, the personnel of the staff, division of responsibility, and the cor- 
 respondence, accounting, and financial side of business activities. 
 
 MONEY, BANKING, AND EXCHANGE 
 
 *Money and Banking. W. A. Scott ■ 2 00 
 
 Henry Holt & 'Co., New York. 
 
 A discussion of modern currency, the complex media of exchange of 
 the great nations, and of banks in their relation to currency. A special 
 feature is the list of reference books given. 
 
 *Manual of Canadian Banking. H. M. P. Eckhardt 2 50 
 
 Monetary Times Printing Co., Ltd., Toronto. 
 
 A detailed description of the working of the various departments of 
 Canadian banks. 
 
 Theory and History of Banking. C. F. Dunbar 5s. 
 
 Gr. P. Putnam's Sons, ISTew York. 
 
 A discussion of the underlying principles of banking, and gives a his- 
 tory of various banks, such as the Bank of England. 
 
 *The 'Canadian Banking System. J. E. Johnson , $0 30 
 
 Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, "Washington, D.C. 
 
 A B C of Foreign Exchange. George Clare 1 00 
 
 The Macmillan Co., Toronto. - 
 
 Money and the Mechanism of Exchange. "W. S. Jevons 1 75 
 
 D. Appleton & Co., New York. 
 A standard work on the subject of money and exchange. 
 
 The Bank Act 25 
 
 Carswell Co., Ltd., Toronto. 
 
 *Clearing Houses. J. G. Cannon 45 
 
 Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 
 A minute description of the functions and administration of Clearing 
 Houses, with details of the methods employed in the largest American 
 Houses. 
 
 Money and Currency. By J. F. Johnson 1 75 
 
 Ginn & Co., New York. 
 A complete exposition of the science of money, and of the larger term 
 currency. 
 
 Theory of the 'Foreign Exchanges. Goschen 6g, 
 
 Effingham Wilson^ London. 
 
 A treatment of the transactions and bills with which Foreign Ex- 
 changes are concerned, the elements determining fluctuations in the price 
 of bills, etc. 
 
 *The History of Banking in Canada. E. M. Breckenridge $0 30 
 
 Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 
 A full statement of the origin and development of banking In Canada 
 and of the legislation pertaining thereto. 
 
34 
 
 ECONOMICS, INDUSTRIAL HISTORY, AND CIVICS 
 
 *Principles of Economics. F. W. Taussig. 3 vols set $4 00 
 
 The Macmillan Co., Toronto. 
 
 One of the best reference books on Economic^ for teachers and 
 advanced students. 
 
 Elements of Economics. Burch and Nearing v 1 00 
 
 The Macmillan Co., Toronto. 
 An elementary treatise of value to teachers of Economics, especially 
 for its suggestive outlines at the beginning of each chapter. 
 
 Outlines of Economics Developed in a Series of Problems 1 00 
 
 University of Chicago Press. 
 Very useful and suggestive. 
 
 Materials for the Study of Elementary Economics 3 00 
 
 University of Chicago Press. 
 
 *Economics for High Schools. P. W. Blackmar 1 20 
 
 The Macmillan Co., Toronto. 
 
 A brief survey of the evolution of industrial society, a simple state- 
 ment of economic principles with their application to this society, and 
 the relation of private economics to public economics. 
 
 Elementary Principles of Economics. E. T. Ely and G. E. Wicker 1 00 
 
 The Macmillan Co., Toronto. 
 A reliable source of material for teaching both economic history and 
 economic theory. 
 
 Outlines of Economics. E. T. Ely 2 00 
 
 The Macmillan Co., Toronto. 
 A more extended work for reference. 
 
 Social Life in England. 2 vols. J. Pinnemore each 45 
 
 The Macmillan Co., Toronto. 
 
 A readable historical sketch depicting the life of the people at different 
 periods. 
 
 The Study of .Commerce. P. E. Clow 1 25 
 
 Silver, Burdett & Co., New York. 
 A working manual of economics and industrial geography. 
 
 *Industrial and Social History of England. E. P. Cheyney 1 40 
 
 The Macmillan Co., Toronto. 
 
 An account of the Industrial growth of the nation from prehistoric 
 times up to the present day. -' 
 
 The Economics of Business. N". Brisco 1 50 
 
 The Macmillan Co., Toronto. 
 
 An elementary work of value especially in its treatment of Organiza- 
 tion and Advertising. 
 
 Economics of Everyday Life. T. H. Penson 3a. 
 
 Cambridge University Press. 
 
 An excellent stepping-stone to more advanced work in the study of 
 Economics. Considerable use is made of simple diagrams to illustrate 
 principles. 
 
35 
 
 ♦History of Commerce in Europe. Gibbins $0 90 
 
 The Macmillan Co., Toronto. 
 
 A connected account of the progress and development of commerce from 
 antiquity to the present time. 
 
 General History of Commerce. "W. C. Webster , ' 1 40 
 
 Ginn & Co., New York. 
 
 A history of the world's cymmerce, with special reference to modern 
 times. 
 
 History of Commerce. Clive Day 7s. 6d. 
 
 Longmans, Green & Co., New York. 
 
 The Labour Gazette of Canada $0 20 
 
 Department of Labour, Ottawa. 
 
 A statement of Canadian conditions relating to Labour, Workmen's 
 Comipensation, Legislation, etc. 
 
 \ 
 
 Municipal Act of Ontario 35 
 
 Provincial Secretary's Department, Toronto. 
 
 Heaton's Annual : A Commercial Hand Book on Canada 1 00 
 
 Heaton's Agency, 32 Church St., Toronto. 
 
 The Canadian Year Book , 1 00 
 
 J. De L. Taehe, Printer to The King's Most Excellent Majesty, Ottawa. 
 
 How Canada is .Governed. Bourinot. 1 00 
 
 The Copp, Clark Co., Ltd., Toronto. 
 
 Canadian Civics. E. S. Jenkins 30 
 
 The Copp, Clark Co., Ltd., Toronto. 
 
 Duties and Eights of Citizenship. W. D. Aston Is. 6d. 
 
 University Tutorial Press, London. 
 A plain outline of the position held by a citizen in the English polity. 
 
 Grovernment of the United Kingdom. A. E. Hogan 3s. 6d. 
 
 University Tutorial Press, London. 
 
 Civil Government in the United States. John Fiske postpaid $1 00 
 
 Houghton, MifBin Co., Boston. 
 
 BUSINESS MATHEMATICS 
 
 Figure Beading or liapidity in the Simple Eules. P. Mcintosh 45 
 
 Commercial Text-Book Co., Toronto. 
 
 Elementary Mensuration. G. T. Chivers 5s. 
 
 Longmans, Green & Co., New York. 
 
 Mensuration for Senior Students. A. Lodge 4s. 6d. 
 
 Longmans, Green & Co., New York. 
 
 Accountancy of Investment. Chas. E. Sprague, New York University, 
 
 New York $3 75 
 
 A treatise on interest, discount, annuities, sinking funds, amortiza- 
 tion, and valuation of bonds, with problems and tables. 
 
36 
 
 Theory of Finance. George King $1 2(5 
 
 Charles & Edwin Lay ton, London. 
 A treatise on interest, annuities, loans, with interest tables. > 
 
 Jnterest and Bond Values. M. A. Mackenzie. Price to Students and 
 
 Teachers 1 00 
 
 University Press, Toronto. 
 
 Tate's Modern Cambist. H. Schmit 12s. 
 
 Effingham Wilson, London. 
 
 A manual of foreign exchanges a^d bullion, with the money and other 
 media of excliange of all trading nations; also tables of foreign weights and 
 measures. 
 
 Eate Inlaid Interest Tables. C. C. Cook $3 00 
 
 Brown Bros., Ltd., Toronto. 
 Interest tables of 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 per cent, on $1 to $10,000. 
 
 Hughes' Interest Tables. C. M. C. Hughes 5 00 
 
 Morton, Phillips & Co., Montreal. 
 Interest tables of 3, 3%, 4, 5, 5%, 6, 7, and 8 per cent, on $1 to 
 $10,000. Also contains book of days. 
 
 Lett's Interest Tables 7s. 6d. 
 
 Cassell & Company, Ltd., London. 
 
 PENMANSHIP AND CORRESPONDENCE . 
 
 Sprott's Metronomic Writing System. A. P. Sprott $0 25 
 
 Commercial Text-book Co., Toronto. 
 
 Budget of Writing Lessons That Teach. 0. C. Lister 25 
 
 H. M. Eowe Co., Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Lister's Writing Lessons, Modern Style. C. C. Lister 25 
 
 H. M. Eowe Co., Baltimore, Md. 
 
 The style is more upright and rounding than in the preceding lessons, 
 and many abbreviated forms of letters are used. 
 
 Modern Business Penmanship. E. C. Mills -. 25 
 
 American Book Co., Few York. 
 
 The Business Journal (monthly) 75 
 
 1205 Tribune Building, New York. 
 
 The Business Educator (monthly) J'S 
 
 Zaner & Bloser, Columbus, Ohio. 
 
 The American Penman (monthly) 75 
 
 A. N". Palmer, Cedar Eapids, Iowa. 
 
 Business English and Correspondence. Davis & Lingham 1 GO 
 
 Ginn & Co., ISTew York. 
 
 Canadiari Commercial Correspondence. H. J. Eussell 75 
 
 The Macmillan Co., Toronto. 
 
37 
 
 TYPEWRITING 
 
 A Model Course in Touch Typewriting, Part I. G. M. James $0 35 
 
 Ontario Publisliing Co., Belleville, Ont. 
 
 A New Practical Course in Touch Typewriting, Part II. G. M. James 50 
 
 Ontario Publishing Co., Belleville, Ont. 
 
 Rational Typewriting ' ' 1 00 
 
 Gregg Publishing' Co., Chicago. 
 
 A. Practical Course in Touch Typewriting. Smith 50 
 
 Commercial Text-book Co., Toronto. 
 
 Expert Typewriting. Fritz and Eldridge 85 
 
 American Book Co., Kew York. 
 
 OfBce Eoutine 50 
 
 Commercial Text-book, Co., Toronto. 
 
 A series of exercises in tlie office routine of the typist, with instruc- 
 tion for doing tlie worlc. 
 
 GEOGRAPHY AND THE STUDY OP MATERIAL 
 
 *Commercial Geography: An Intermediate Text-Book. Alex. L. Curr. . . . 1 00 
 
 The Macmillan Co., Toronto. 
 
 *Commerciar"Geography. Gannet, Garrison, and Houston 125 
 
 American Book Co., JSTew York. 
 
 A statement of the general principles of commerce and some of the 
 more important classes of commercial products. 
 
 Commercial Geography. Eedway 1 25 
 
 Charles Scribner's Sons, New York. 
 
 Commercial Geography. Eobinson 1 50 
 
 Eand-McNally & Co., New York. 
 
 A treatment dealing less with general principles and more with the 
 various countries. Contains an excellent and suggestive list of maps. 
 
 Commercial Georgraphy. L. W. Lyde 90 
 
 The Macmillan Co., Toronto. 
 
 A thorough treatment of the typical conditions under which commodi- 
 ties are or may be produced. These conditions are referred to under the ^ 
 countries as they are studied in order. 
 
 *The Story of Our Continent. Shaler 75 
 
 Ginn & Co., New York. 
 
 An account of the growth of the continent of North America, with the 
 effect upon its natural products, its colonization, and its commercial 
 conditions. 
 
 Peeps at Industries. 3 vols. Sugar, Subbor, Tea each Is. 6d. 
 
 Adam & Chas. Black. 
 A recent, well-illustrated, and very readable description of these 
 Industries. 
 
 Searchlights on Some American Industries. J. C. Mills $1 50 
 
 A. C. McLurg & Co., Chicago. 
 
 A clear and concise presentation of the mechanical and economic 
 aspects of a number of important industries. 
 
38 
 
 Common Commodities of Commerce. 9 vols. CofEee, Tea, Cotton, Sugar, Oil, 
 
 Rubber, Iron, Steel, Silk - each Is. 6d. 
 
 Isaac Pitman & Sons, JsTew York. 
 - A storehouse ot Information presented in an interesting manner. 
 
 Eegional Geography. Reynolds. 5 vols., each $0 50 
 
 The Macmillan Co., Toronto. 
 Of a descriptive nature, and of value for supplementary reading. 
 
 *Commercial Raw Materials. Toothaker 1 35 
 
 Ginu & Co., New York. 
 
 A brief description of the origin, processes of preparation, and uses 
 of the most important commercial materials. 
 
 The World's Commercial Products. Slater 1 00 
 
 The Copp dlark Co., Ltd., Toronto. 
 -A dictionary of commercial products. 
 
 *The World's Commercial Products. Freeman and Chandler 3 00 
 
 Morang Educational Co., Ltd., Toronto. 
 
 A well illustrated book, presenting a general summary of information 
 concerning the useful plants of the world and their commercial utilization. 
 
 *Chemistry of Commerce. E. K. Duncan 2 00 
 
 Harper & Bros., New York. 
 
 A summary of the more important achievements of the application of 
 chemistry to industrial and commercial processes. 
 
 Chemistry in Daily Life. Lasser & Cohn ■. 1 60 
 
 J. B. Lippincott & Co., Philadelphia. ' 
 
 Interesting lectures relating chemical and physical phenomena to the 
 activities of daily life. 
 
 Chemistry and Its Relation to Daily Life. Kahlenberg and Hart 1 25 
 
 The Macmillan Co., Toronto. 
 
 Shows by practical experimente the relation of chemical phenomena to 
 the activities of daily life. 
 
 Detection of Common Pood Adulterants. E. M. Bruce -1 25 
 
 The D. Van Nostrand Co., New York. 
 
 Provides simple practical tests as to the purity of many common 
 articles of commerce. 
 
 The Textile Fibres of Commerce. Hannan 3 lo 
 
 Charles Griffin & Company, Ltd., London. 
 
 Deals very fully with the animal, vegetable, and mineral fibres used 
 in cotton, woollen, paper, silk, brush, and hat manufactures. 
 
 *Elements of Transportation. E. R. Johnston 1 50 
 
 D. Appleton & Co., New York. 
 
 An account of steam railway, electric railway and ocean and Inland 
 water transportation. 
 
 Ocean and Inland Water Transportation. Johnston , . . 1 50 
 
 D. Appleton & Co., New York. 
 
 The Soil. P. H. King : . . . . i 50 
 
 The Macmillan Co., Toronto. 
 Treats of the soil, its nature, formation, and its relation to plant growth.