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CALENDAR 
 
 OF 
 
 STATE PAPERS, 
 
 FOREIGN SERIES, 
 
 OF THE REIGN OF EDWARD VI. 
 
 1547—1553. 
 
I'niKcl l,v (i. V. KyiT and W, Spoil Uw,m,)e. 
 Ilir Miijosty'K I'l'iiiti'i-s. 
 
CALENDAR 
 
 OK 
 
 STATE PAPERS, 
 
 FOREIGN SERIES, 
 
 OF THE REIGN OP 
 
 EDWARD VI., 
 1547-1553, 
 
 FRESESTED IN THE 
 
 STATE PAPER DEPARTMENT 
 
 OP 
 
 HER MAJESTY'S PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE. 
 
 EDITED BY 
 
 WILLIAM B. TUKNBULL, Esq., 
 
 OF Lincoln's inn, barribter-at-law. 
 
 CORRZSrOKDANT DU COMITE IMPERIAL DES TRAVAUX niSTORIQUES ET DES SOCIKTKS 
 SAVANTS DE FRANCE, ETC. ETC. 
 
 INDEE THE DIRECTION OF THE MASTER OF THE ROLLS, AND WITH THE SANCTION OF 
 HEE MAJESTY'S SECRETARY OF STATE FOE THE FOREIGN DEPARTMENT. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 LONGMAN, GREEN, LONGMAN, & ROBERTS. 
 
 1861. 
 
 (F 
 
CONTENTS OF THIS VOLUME. 
 
 
 Paoe 
 
 Preface .--.--. 
 
 V 
 
 Calendar, Foreign Papers, Edward VI., 1547 — 1553 
 
 1 
 
 „ Calais Papers ----- 
 
 - 292 
 
 Index .--..- 
 
 - 359 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 The present volume contains an abstract of the official 
 correspondence transmitted from abroad, for the information 
 of the English Government, during the reign of Edward the 
 Sixth. The earliest of the documents here analysed is 
 written two days after the death of Henry the Eighth, and 
 the latest in the series must have reached London while it 
 was yet undecided whether the Lady Jane or the Princess 
 Mary should be the future Queen of England. 
 
 In one important respect this volume differs from the 
 previous *' Calendars of State Papers published by the 
 " authority of Her Majesty's Treasury, under the direction 
 " of the Master of the Rolls." They illustrate the internal 
 history of one nation, whereas the following pages treat 
 almost exclusively of our relations with continental powers. 
 
 It must be at once admitted that the chief interest of the 
 reign of Edward the Sixth is domestic, not foreign. The 
 ministers who presided over public affairs at that time were 
 too busily occupied at home to find either time or inclination 
 for engaging in the politics of their neighbours. When these 
 were discussed at the Council-board they were appreciated 
 chiefly in as far as they influenced home plans and interests. 
 The energies of the Government were directed towards 
 objects exclusively national, and the information forwarded 
 from abroad was interpreted accordingly. It was different 
 from what it had been. There was an end to our intercourse 
 with France, for Francis the First speedily followed to the 
 
 a 4 
 
VI PEEFACE. 
 
 grave* his " very dear and well-beloved good brother, cousin 
 " and gossip, perpetual ally and perfect friend, the late Kmg 
 " of England recently deceased/'f There was no longer 
 the dread of a coalition between France and Spain ; for the 
 emperor Charles the Fifth, despite his enormous possessions, 
 had enough to do to hold his own in Germany. The rupture 
 with Rome was now complete. Interest flagged in all these 
 quarters, England, carrying out the idea suggested to her 
 by her geographical position, isolates herself from foreign 
 wars and foreign coalitions, and devotes herself, without let 
 or hindrance, to establish herself upon a basis of her own 
 choosing. 
 
 We should form, however, a very imperfect and therefore 
 a very erroneous conception of our history during the reign 
 of Edward the Sixth, did we suppose that because the policy 
 of the Government was domestic, the governing body was 
 indifferent to what was passing abroad. We must have the 
 knowledge of a fact before we can decide that the feet is 
 unimportant. The ruling body in England did not advisedly 
 and deliberately cast aside foreign politics ; this was brought 
 about gradually, and was the result of accidental circum- 
 stances rather than the logical development of a preconceived 
 theory. But be that as it may, thus much is certain, that 
 throughout the whole of this reign there is no lack of foreign 
 correspondence ; correspondence, too, of the most precious 
 quality. It embodies information which bears the evidence 
 of having been obtained at much cost and sifted with much 
 jealousy, which was moulded into its present form with much 
 skill, and transmitted homewards with much secrecy. The 
 
 • Ilcmy VIII. diod upon Friday, 28 Jnnuory 1547 (Food. xv. 128), 
 and Francis I. ui)oii !\l March iioxt following (Art. de Vt-rif. les Dates, 
 vi. 164). 
 
 t. . . . " I'cii uosiro trospluT ut tro.samo l>on frerc, cousin com- 
 " perc, porpotuel allyo ot poi-faict aniy, lo feu roy d'Aiigleterre, derrenier 
 " decedo . . . ." (Food, x v. 126). 
 
PREFACE. vii 
 
 accredited ambassador and the unaccredited spy plied his 
 task with unabated address, according to his several oppor- 
 tunity. The result of all this lavish outlay and keen obser- 
 vation lies before us in the following pages. We are admitted, 
 for the first time since these despatches were written, into 
 the secret history of nearly every court of Europe. We 
 are told of events as they occurred from day to day by men 
 who either were witnesses of what they report, or obtained 
 it from trustworthy sources. And marvellously full of 
 interest is the picture which is here presented to our view. 
 It may perhaps assist the reader to grasp the subject some- 
 what more easily if he has before him a sketch of the 
 position of the chief Continental States, and of the attitude 
 which they assumed towards England. 
 
 It is no part of my province to speak of the reign of Henry 
 the Eighth, neither is a history of that of his immediate 
 successor required. I undertake no more than to trace the 
 bearing of one distinct class of documents, out of very 
 many, upon the fortunes of our nation. And, in considering 
 these documents from this point of view, it will be found 
 that the interest which the collection possesses groups itself 
 more especially round two figures, which stand prominently 
 forward, Henry the Second, King of France, and Charles 
 the Fifth, Emperor of Germany. Upon both the one and 
 the other England looked with suspicion not unmingled 
 with fear. She was aware that neither of these individuals 
 loved, and that each might injure her. Each had his own 
 special ground of dissatisfaction. With Henry there was 
 the old quarrel of nationalities ; France against England. 
 With Charles there was the new quarrel of creeds ; Catho- 
 licity against Protestantism. Was it possible for England 
 to stand against this hostility? Should she fight, or 
 temporize, or yield ? Should she return to Rome, or make 
 common cause with the Protestants of Germany against 
 
viii PREFACE. 
 
 Rome ? These are questions which the nation must now 
 solve, and for the solution of which Europe waited in 
 anxious expectation. And the value of the following series 
 of letters lies in this, that they enable us to give a consistent 
 and precise answer to these questions. 
 
 The death of Henry the Eighth left England at peace 
 with France. The treaty of Campes* was still in force, and 
 Francis had no wish that it should be interrupted.f The 
 accession of Henry the Second materially changed the aspect 
 of affairs. The new ministry by which he surrounded 
 himself,! to the exclusion of the tried friends whose 
 guidance his dying father had urged him to follow, enter- 
 tained a lively feeling of hostility towards England. The 
 King's opinions were no secret.§ He knew that he could 
 calculate upon the national support if he provoked a war, 
 and the possession of Boulogne by the English afforded an 
 excellent pretext. Preparations for its recovery were now 
 commenced upon a large scale,|| and the English were soon 
 made aware that it must be kept, if at all, by a vigorous 
 struggle. For this they were not prepared, as Boulogne 
 was scarcely tenable. It was feebly garrisoned, deficient in 
 military stores, and its fortifications had fallen into decay. if 
 
 ♦ June 7, 154(5. f See Nos. 13, 14, 22, 46, 47. 
 
 I The family of Guise was now in the ascendant under the auspices of 
 the king's mistress, Diana of Poitiers, with whom they were connected, 
 Claude lie Guise having married one of the daughters of Diana. 
 
 § The surrender of Boulogne to the English had always been n subjoct 
 of deep indignation to the young King of France. In 1548 he commeuced 
 judicial proceedings against the Marshal de Biez and bis son-in-law, 
 •lacques dc Vervins, through whose inertness and cowardice, if not 
 trcaelicry, BouloKiie had been given up. The latter was beheaded 21 Juno 
 I'yi'.), and llie former was condemned (o death 2G June 1551, but 
 pardoned. See Nos. 17.'l, 175. 
 
 II As early as March 1.^47 it was suspected that f lie French would 
 attempt tlio r(^cov(^ry of Boulogne (No. 29), and the suspicion soon grew 
 into 11 certainty (Nos. (W, 7.'i, 87, 143). 
 
 If Calaia Papers, Nob. 6, 7, &c. 
 
PREFACE. ix 
 
 The Governor importuned the Council in London for men, 
 munitions, and money, but none were sent. Henry the 
 Eighth had left behind him a crippled revenue, despite the 
 enormous sums which he had derived at the dissolution of 
 the religious houses. Somerset's expedition into Scotland 
 had absorbed all the ready money upon which he could lay 
 his hands ; but if he could not fight he might negociate. In 
 the summer of 1549 Paget was sent into the Low Countries 
 in the hope that the Emperor might be induced to take 
 Boulogne under his protection.* The negociation, how- 
 ever, was a signal failure. It was with diflSculty that Paget 
 obtained an interview.f Charles heard all but said little ; 
 he was courteous but cautious, and Paget returned home- 
 wards without having accomplished his mission. J 
 
 France, meanwhile, pushed on her preparations with 
 energy, and gave proof that she was in earnest. The re- 
 covery of Boulogne united the discordant elements of the 
 Court; Guises, Bourbons, Montmorencies, all harmonized in 
 furthering this design. The forts of Newhaven and Black- 
 ness were captured without much resistance, § and it was 
 understood that the town would ere long be invested by 
 the King in person. An appeal for assistance, — for troops 
 and money, — was made to the Emperor and the Marquis of 
 Brandenburg ; || it was piteous but ineffectual. War was 
 declared with France,^ but it was little more than an empty 
 form, for at this very juncture England was convulsed by 
 the distractions incident upon the overthrow of the Pro- 
 tector Somerset, The new Minister of England, the Earl 
 of "Warwick, wanted money, and he entered into a treaty 
 with the French for the sale of Boulogne. 
 
 The interest of the French correspondence now takes a 
 
 * Nos. 176, 180. t No. 185. J Nos. 187, 190, 192. 
 
 § Nos. 195, 196. II Nos. 197, 202, 204. f No. 200. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 different direction, but of this perhaps we have no reason to 
 complain. It becomes less political, less purely diplomatic, 
 but not less valuable. The English Ambassador, from 
 whose letters we derive the greater part of our intelligence, 
 was Sir John Masonc. He accompanied the Court in its 
 wanderings from place to place, — for Henry the Second led 
 a most erratic life, — and as the Council at Westminster must 
 know all that was passing, Sir John was constrained to fill 
 his letters with lighter matter than was either his wont or 
 his will. He submitted to the exigencies of his position, and 
 does not think it beneath his notice to enlarge upon the 
 familiar topic of the weather.* He has time to chronicle the 
 doings and sayings of the courtiers, court scandal, and 
 pageantry. He gives us a sketch of the domestic life of 
 Henry ; and the picture, though necessarily incomplete, has 
 its interest. Let us examine its details a little more closely. 
 The Ambassador finds himself obliged to report in many 
 of his letters that the King is at the hunting, f and that he 
 *• has been so much engaged in visiting, himting, and 
 " amusements," that it is difficult to obtain access to him 
 for the transaction of business. J " This Court is all set 
 " upon pastimes," remarks Sir John despondingly ; adding 
 that he sees no prospect of its improvement, since " be- 
 " tween Candlemas and Shrovetide, shall the marriages go 
 " forward with much triumph." § Shortly afterwards he 
 gives an account how they went forward : of the tiltings, the 
 processions, and the masks, to which he had been invited 
 and of the grand banquet made by the Cardinal of Lor- 
 raine. He admits,— and he had been familiar with the 
 splendour of the Courts of Henry the Eighth and Francis 
 the First,— that he '* never saw a more goodly or a richer 
 
 * No. 218. t No.. 220. 301, &c. 
 
 t NoH. 289, 699. § No. 282. 
 
PREFACE. XI 
 
 " sight. A man would have thought that all the jewels in 
 " Christendom had been assembled together, so gorgeously 
 " were the dames beset with great numbers of them, both 
 " their heads and bodies.* 
 
 Of two of these " dames " we are naturally curious to learn 
 some particulars, — the King's wife and his mistress. Of the 
 former, Catherine de Medicis, little is said ; and the in- 
 difference with which she is treated by the Ambassador 
 shows how Uttle she was regarded by her husband. She is 
 scarcely ever mentioned, except when she is about to add to 
 the Royal family.f Much more conspicuous is the figure of 
 Diana of Poitiers, the King's mistress, who, although she 
 has lived fifty years in the world, still retains her influence 
 over the Monarch of thirty. " The Duchess of Valentinois," 
 for that now was her title, " ruleth the roast," observes Sir 
 John Masone, rather bitterly, J for he knew that her influence 
 was hostile to England, and that it was all-powerful with 
 Henry, who spent much of his time in her company.§ " The 
 " King leaves to-morrow for a house of the Duchess of 
 " Valentinois, and will be absent about twelve days," is 
 
 * No. 289. 
 
 f Thus Masone records the bh-th of a son, " whom they call M. 
 d'AngoulSme," on 27 June 1550 (No. 218), and in a subsequent letter 
 he mentions the entertainments given at his baptism (No. 237). In 
 October 1551 he congratulates the King upon the birth of a prince, who 
 afterwards ascended the throne as Henry the Third (No. 468). A list 
 of the plate presented by Edwaxd upon the occasion of the christening 
 occurs (No. 483). The Queen gave birth to a daughter on 15 May 1553, 
 (No. 682), and at that time nearly lost her own life (No. 699). While at 
 Blois in June 1551, Masone had an interview with the royal children ; 
 the Dauphin, the Duke of Orleans, and the two young ladies (No. 382). 
 
 i No. 238. 
 
 § Yet he was not faithful to her ; for how should he, who was faithless 
 to his wife, be faithful to his paramour ? Masone alludes, with his usual 
 sarcastic quaintness, to an intrigue which Henry carried on with the 
 Lady Fleming, and its results. See Nos. 320, 332. 
 
xii PREFACE. 
 
 the report of July.* In September " the King intends to 
 " remain some days at Anet,"f that " wonderful fair and 
 ** sumptuous house belonging to Madame Valentinois," 
 which had been built for her by Philibert Delorme. Here 
 Masone had an interview with Henry in March 1553. After 
 his audience with the King "Madame Valentinois com- 
 " manded that collation (as they term it), should be pre- 
 " pared for me in a gallery, and that afterwards I should 
 " see all the commodities of the house, which were so 
 " sumptuous and princelike as ever I saw." J 
 
 These pleasure excursions of Henry threw the admini- 
 stration of public affairs into the hands of others. The chief 
 of these self-appointed ministers was the Constable Mont- 
 morenci, whose influence, judging from the present corres- 
 pondence, was greater than is generally supposed. It was 
 necessary to refer to him for the transaction of business of 
 every kind.§ The precise meaning of certain of his expres- 
 sions formed the subject of anxious correspondence between 
 the English Council and their representative at Blois.|| He 
 professed a friendly spirit towards England,^ in which, how- 
 ever, he was opposed by the Guises, the growing influence 
 of whose faction did not fail to attract the notice of Masone. 
 " The Scottish Queen," he writes, " desireth as much our 
 " subversion, if it lay in her power, as she desii-eth the 
 " preservation of herself. Mons. de Guise and M. d'Aumale, 
 '* and the Cardinal of Lorraine, partly at her egging, and 
 " partly upon an ambitious desire to make tlieir house 
 " great, be no hindrance to her malicious designs."** In the 
 same letter he remarks, " The credit of the house of Guise 
 •« in this Court passeth all others ; for, albeit the Constable 
 
 • No. 220. t No. 2a;?. ;( No. 638. 
 
 § NoH. 224, 232, 2;);}, 237, 238, 247, 248, 250, 270, 289. 
 II No. 2.')8. f Nos. 295, 305. •• No. 295. 
 
PREFACE. xiii 
 
 " hath the outward administration of all things, being for 
 " that service such a man as hard it were to find the like, 
 " yet have they as much credit as he, with whom he is con- 
 " strained to sail, and many times to take that course that 
 " he liketh never a bit." 
 
 Towards the end of the French correspondence the Am- 
 bassadors, Masone and Chaloner, are constrained to enlarge 
 upon the inconvenience to which they were subjected by the 
 irregularity with which they received payment of their 
 salaries. At best their allowance was inadequate to meet 
 the ordinary expenses of their position, and it was falling 
 further and further into arrear. France, as they discovered 
 to their cost, was an expensive country to live in,* and the 
 erratic life of the King, who flitted from castle to castle, 
 from palace to palace, entertaining and being entertained at 
 each, and lavishing his money wherever he went ; all this 
 increased their outlay. Charges were accumulated and 
 prices rose wherever the Court established itself.f France 
 was prosperous and wealthy, while England, exhausted and 
 poverty-stricken, was fast sinking in public estimation. 
 Henry's courtiers had many unpleasant stories about " the 
 " buying and selling of offices in England, the decaying of 
 " grammar schools and the universities, with many other 
 " enormities, which they shew one another, printed in 
 " English books, and set forth by English preachers." J 
 Masone was at first urgent and facetious, then he became 
 urgent and impatient, at last he giew urgent and querulous, 
 but each change of expression, each turn of mind, was dis- 
 regarded at home. His allowance was five marks ; his daily 
 expenses were double that sum ; he must borrow, and that 
 at the rate of forty per cent, besides interest, in consequence 
 
 * No. 217. t No, 698. % No. 289. 
 
XIV PREFACE. 
 
 of the depreciation of the currency.*! He had an attack of 
 the gout ; he was confined to his bed ; his body drooped, so 
 that he feared he would never see the end of the winter, a 
 great part of which he fears will be spent in journeying. He 
 would gladly die, if it might be, among Christian men.J As 
 the season advanced matters grew worse. Christmas was 
 expensive, New Year's tide extravagant. Between these 
 two festivals he writes in these terms to the English Coun« 
 cil : — that he has exhausted his credit in England, sold all 
 his own plate, and shall shortly be driven for very extremity 
 to do the like with the King's. § The Council replies that 
 orders have been issued for the payment of his " diets ;"(| 
 but these orders were also disregarded. " The Treasurer 
 " maketh none other answer,, but that he hath no money. 
 '' I would to God I could be excused with the like answer 
 " to my steward here !"^ 
 
 From France we naturally pass to Scotland. For centuries 
 the interests of the two countries were closely identified,** 
 and the bond of union was hostility towards England. 
 If the English crossed the channel and invaded France 
 the Scotch crossed the Tweed and invaded England. 
 Things were tending to some such issue when our corres- 
 pondence opens, for Henry the Eighth bequeathed a Scot- 
 
 * No. 237. See also No. 255. 
 
 f Pickering wns in the same unenvialilc condition. He writes from 
 PnriH, in March lo52, that hia allowances, as Amlmssndor, were in nrreai' 
 for fourteen months (No. 540). In Se)il ember he was in the same evil 
 plight, iind ho had to borrow 2,300 crowns, " whicli cuts him to tlie hard 
 " bonoB in interest among those Ptu'is bankers." (No. 560. Soo also 
 .'-.70, 673.) 
 
 I No. 254. § No. 270. 
 
 II No. 27G. ^\ No. 341. 
 
 ** Thin iiitimuti' H'lation will be Ibnnd dearly and elaborately set 
 forth in the truly lielightful and laborious work of M. Froncisque- 
 Mii licl, " LoH ftedssais en France, Icm Kran^ais (>n ftcosse," now on the 
 eve of |)ulilicalion. 
 
PREFACE. XV 
 
 tish war to his successor on the Throne. The Protector, 
 Somerset, acting upon the policy of the late King, endea- 
 voured to bring about the union of the two realms by the 
 marriage of the young Queen Mary Stuart with King 
 Edward,* and he addressed a letter to the Scottish nobility, 
 in which he endeavoured, by mingled threats and pro- 
 mises, to induce them to carry out this favourite project. 
 The scheme was most unpopular in Scotland, and it was 
 opposed on a double ground. The Catholic party, headed 
 by the Queen Dowager Mary of Guise, opposed it upon 
 religious grounds, and the national party resented it as 
 subversive of their independence as a distinct kingdom. 
 
 The result is well-known ; it was the sanguinary conflict 
 of Pinkie, fought upon Saturday, 10th September 1547. 
 The defeat which the Scottish arms there sustained only 
 widened the breach with England, and at the same time 
 strengthened the traditionary alliance with France. The 
 young Scottish Queen was no longer safe in her own realm, 
 and she was removed into France. There was a growing 
 attachment between the two realms ; it must be watched, 
 and, if possible, checked ; at least the English Ambassador 
 resident at the French Court must report all that he sees 
 and hears upon a subject so important to the interests of his 
 own country. 
 
 One thing he soon discovered ; the Scottish spirit was 
 NOT BROKEN BY DEFEAT. " In OHC poiut," — says MaSOHC, 
 writing of those Scotsmen whom he had met at the French 
 
 *In March 1547, Patrick, Lord Gray, entered into an agreement with 
 the Protector that he would do all in his power that his mistress, the 
 Queen of Scotland, should be delivered into the hands of the King's 
 Majesty, " to the accomplishing and performing of the marriage betwene 
 " his Majestie and my Soveraign Lady and mistres Quene of Scotland." 
 (See Rymer, X. 143, and a document to the same effect on the following 
 page.) 
 
 b 
 
xyi PREFACE. 
 
 Court at Blois,— " in one point they all agree, that the English 
 " by their will, shall not have one foot more of ground in 
 " Scotland than they had before the war, unless they have 
 " the whole."* The Council at Greenwich was of the same 
 way of thinking ; they had defeated their neighbours in the 
 North, but they had not subdued them ; " however anxious 
 " they were to be upon friendly terms with the Scots, the 
 " latter will always provoke a breach of the peace."t There 
 was an unsuspected vitality about this petty northern king- 
 dom, which surprised and irritated Ambassadors as well as 
 Generals. The Scottish navy was powerful enough and en- 
 terprising enough to interfere with the commerce of England. 
 " The Mary Willoughby and other Scottish ships of war lie 
 " at Newhaven, and issue at every tide for the interrupting 
 " and spoiling of the English merchants who traffic that 
 " way, being supplied with all munitions of men, victuals, 
 " and ordnance when they need them. Another Scottish 
 " vessel called the Great Spaniard lies at Dieppe, pursu- 
 " ing the same course, and is aided by France."| A large 
 Scottish ship, " with much ammunition, and eighty men and 
 " a lord," had arrived at Lubeck upon the same mission. 
 Dr. Wotton had ascertained from a spy that they had on 
 board a newly invented preparation, a sort of Greek fire, 
 intended for destroying the English ships, and he thereupon 
 recommends very special caution. § Both France and Den- 
 mark aided Scotland in this annoying warfare. The latter 
 dispatched thirty ships, well supplied Avith men and victual, 
 there, " being entertained by the French King, with 
 " hope that his brother shall marry the Scottish Queen, 
 " though the said King intcndcth nothing less indeed." 
 So far from this design ha\ ing originated in France it had. 
 
 • No. 2f;i. t No. 270. Sco Nos. 52, 73. 
 
 t No. IH. § Nos. 7;?, s.l, 87. 
 
PREFACE. xvii 
 
 at one time, been entertained by Henry the Eighth, who 
 saw in it not only the means of thwarting the designs of 
 Francis the First, but also of forming a Protestant alli- 
 ance in the North of Europe.* It was from France, 
 however, that the danger was chiefly apprehended. Thirty 
 great ships armed, and twenty galleys at the least, were 
 about to be dispatched at one time,"}" and troops, horse and 
 foot, had been seen on their road to the coast to embark for 
 Scotland.^ Intelligence yet more alarming was forwarded 
 from Strasburg, where it was current that the French King 
 was pressing for the conveyance of 10,000 soldiers into the 
 same country.§ A portion of the army had arrived at their 
 destination, others were speedily to follow, and the plan of 
 the ensuing campaign was already decided.^ England was 
 constrained to avert the impending danger by negociating, 
 and the peace which was now concluded with France 
 suspended further warfare. 
 
 Mary of Guise took advantage of this cessation of hos- 
 tilities to proceed into France, where her presence excited 
 the apprehension of the English Ambassador. The object 
 of her mission was unmistakable ; it was to foment discord 
 between France and England. Her misfortunes invested her 
 with much personal interest, and the growing influence of 
 her family, all hostile to England, augmented the danger.** 
 Preparations were made, early in July 1550, for her 
 arrival.f f Having obtained a safe conduct from the English 
 Governmental she embarked, and was expected to land at 
 Dieppe. The christening of the child, to which the French 
 
 * No. 85. See also 91. The English attempted to interrupt the 
 commerce between Scotland and Denmark, against which the latter 
 remonstrated energetically and with justice, urging that the Scots might, 
 with equal propriety, demand of them to have no dealings with the 
 English, No. 191. 
 
 t Nos. 73, 87. t No. 85. § No. 165. T No. 122. 
 
 ** No. 295. it Nos. 220, 224, 226. t| No. 228. 
 
 b 2 
 
xviii PEEFACE. 
 
 Queen had lately given birth, was delayed until her arrival, 
 as the King was anxious that she should stand as god- 
 mother. M. de Guise, with the flower of the nobility, went 
 to Dieppe to meet her. She entered Rouen, on 25th 
 September, with a large retinue of Scottish gentlemen, and 
 was received with much honour, the King himself joining in 
 the demonstration.* Taking advantage of her position in 
 the Court, in which " she bore the whole swing," she kept 
 up the ill-feeling of France towards England. " The 
 " Scottish Queen," writes Masone, " desireth as much our 
 " subversion, if it lay in her power, as she desireth the 
 " preservation of herself, whose service in Scotland is so 
 " highly taken here as she is in this Court made a goddess. 
 " Mons. de Guise and M. d'Aumale, and the Cardinal of 
 " Lorraine, partly at her egging, and partly upon an am- 
 " bitious desire to make their house great, be no hindrance 
 " of her malicious desire."f The King consulted with her 
 upon State affairs, and would give no "resolute answer" to 
 the proposals of the English Ambassador until he had ascer- 
 tained her opinion.^ The same amusing correspondent 
 presently assures us that " the Dowager of Scotland maketh 
 " all this Court weary of her, from the high to the low, 
 " such an importunate beggar is she for herself and her 
 '• chosen friends. The King would fain be rid of her, and 
 '* she, as she pretendeth, would fain be gone." " He was 
 ** assured by the Receiver- General of Brittany ( who wished 
 " that Scotland were in a fish pool) that since the beginning 
 " 1,900,000 francs had been sent thither out of his own 
 " receipt and of the receipt of Guienne, and how much 
 " else had passed he knew not."§ She lingered in France 
 until the end of October 1551, upon the 22d of which she 
 landed at Portsmouth, having been escorted thither by 
 
 •No. 237. t No. 296. J No. 301. § No. 341. 
 
PREFACE. xix 
 
 ten "Freneh ships of war. We have, in one of these letters, a 
 detailed account of her landing in England, her progress 
 from house to house in her road to London, her reception 
 at Hampton Court, her voj^age down the Thames, and her 
 dinner with his Majesty. She departed northward on 
 November 6, the King having previously written to the 
 sheriffs of the various counties through which she would 
 pass that due honours be paid to her ; and two gentlemen 
 were appointed to attend her throughout her whole journey, 
 " to see things conveniently and agreeably served."* 
 
 During the residence in France an incident occurred 
 which brings before us another Queen ' of Scotland, the 
 beautiful and unfortunate Mary. In April 1551 a con- 
 spiracy to poison her had been detected, the culprit being 
 an archer of the guard, who escaped into Ireland. The 
 Queen Dowager fell suddenly sick upon the opening of 
 those news to her. The design was supposed to have been 
 devised by some of the discontented Scots,f but it is diffi- 
 cult to conceive what the object was, except to pave the 
 way for the union of the two realms in the person of the 
 youthful Edward. The whole affair is mysterious. " The 
 " Scot that should have poisoned the young Scottish Queen 
 " arrived here yesterday," writes Masone from Angers, but 
 we do not learn that he was punished, or indeed that any 
 investigation into the truth of the charge took place. 
 
 At the period to which these letters refer little interest 
 was felt respecting Ireland. It was regarded as a foreign 
 country, its inhabitants held as scarce better than savages ; 
 it took no part in the politics of the nation, its existence was 
 tolerated only as a necessary and unavoidable evil. Masone 
 had a short remedy for the annoyance which Ireland caused 
 
 • No. 477. t No. 332. 
 
XX PREFACE. 
 
 his master Somerset, and he probably expressed the sentiment 
 of his countrymen when he exclaimed, " These Irish wild 
 " beasts should be hunted down." * It was his belief that 
 the French King had serious thoivghts of invading that 
 kingdom and making it his own.f Masone became nervous 
 and irritable: he complains that he has Ireland "every 
 *• day in his dish ; " he has heard that the noblemen 
 there, with the majority of the people, are ready to give 
 themselves to a new master; an emissary has told his 
 " friends that he doubteth not to see the French King 
 " shortly to bear the crown of Ireland," and that he hopes 
 " to bring jolly news " when he returns at the end of Lent.J 
 Here the intelligence fails us, and we have to seek else- 
 where for its continuation. 
 
 One great Continental power has hitherto been unnoticed, 
 the greatest in territorial extent, and yet weak because of 
 that very extent of territory, — I mean the vast dominions 
 in Germany, Spain, and Flanders, represented by the Emperor 
 Charles the Fifth. The present correspondence exhibits the 
 declension of his power ; it is breaking down from a want of 
 cohesion ; it is a conglomeration of various people who have 
 no bond of union, political or national, civil or religious. 
 They are brought together by an accident, thej- cannot 
 coalesce, the principle of repulsion is at work, not that of 
 attraction. It is difficult to trace Charles through the 
 tortuous policy by which he hoped to find the solution of 
 the difficulties which surrounded him; doubtless he had 
 some theory by which he expected to extricate himself, but 
 it does not come out clearly in the letters which ai"e here 
 opened to our inspection. He appears to have acted rather 
 according to the pressure of circumstances than with refer- 
 
 No. 218. f Seo also Nos. 316, 319, 326. J No. 264. 
 
PEEFACE. xxi 
 
 ence to a preconceived system ; this much at least is certain, 
 he baffled the expectations of those persons who watched 
 him most narrowly. The news of the day is chronicled as 
 it occurred ; interviews, treaties, battles, conferences, are all 
 recorded, but they do not help us to understand the Emperor, 
 the bearing of the whole upon the general period is to be 
 understood only by retrospect. 
 
 Thus, then, are placed upon the stage the chief actors 
 in the drama which is about to be represented. Each has 
 his role, and each proceeds to play his part according to his 
 several ability. My duty ends when I have introduced them 
 to the spectator; he must judge of them singly and col- 
 lectively from his own point of view. To anticipate his 
 judgment, to decide for him beforehand where he shall 
 praise and where he shall blame, would be simply imper- 
 tinent. Having, to the best of my ability, given him, the 
 means of forming his own opinion, I leave him. But before 
 doing so, a few miscellaneous remarks upon some subjects 
 not devoid of general interest, which admit of illustra- 
 tion from the following pages may not be deemed out of 
 place. 
 
 Literary history may glean some information from this 
 correspondence. A curious letter from Came to the Lord 
 Protector, contains the opinion formed by the writer upon 
 the scholarship of " the most learned and most honest men 
 " in the Low countries,"* with a view doubtless to their 
 establishment at the seats of learning in England. Sir John 
 Borthwick forwards a copy of Saxo Grammaticus, " who, 
 " considering his time, precels all his contemporaneans and 
 " conteraneans in the Latin tongue," and he begs that the 
 volume may be presented to his Majesty.f We have some 
 
 • No. 62. t No. 158. 
 
xxii PREFACE. 
 
 literary gossip about Ascham,* Paulus Vergerius, and 
 Bucer.f The history of the "Interim," its authorship, 
 publication, reception, and success, is here brought out with 
 considerable detail.J •' Wavering Doctor Smyth," formerly 
 regius professor of divinity at Oxford, who has printed at 
 Paris, " a slanderous book against the Archbishop of Can- 
 " terbury," sues for permission to return to England,§ but 
 his delinquencies are notorious, and cannot be overlooked. 
 Stephen Gardiner, Bishop of Winchester, is also introduced ; 
 he is deprived of his bishopric, " and in his disobedience and 
 " obstinate refusing of the King's Majesty's mercy and favour, 
 " showed not only a wilful pride, but also a cankered heart of 
 " an evil subject."|| " He railed upon his judges," say the 
 Council, " sought to defame the whole estate of the realm, 
 •' and on the whole showed himself a subject utterly given to 
 " disquiet."^ Here, however, no one is so prominent as Cecil, 
 who, amid his multifarious duties, found time to interest 
 himself in the collection of a library. Copies of Euclid, 
 Machiavelli, of the New Testament in Greek,** and I'Horloge 
 de Princes, with several others mentioned in these letters, 
 were collected at Paris for transmission to him at Loudon ; 
 but Sir William Pickering was so disgusted with the binding 
 of the two volumes first mentioned, that he burnt them 
 both. jf He employs another correspondent at Bruges, to 
 procure for him certain " figures," which cannot be obtained 
 there, but which may probably be found at Antwerp.JJ 
 Cecil's well known love for genealogical researches, here 
 
 * No. 287. t Nos. 88, 319. 
 
 X Seo Nos. 78, 79, 88, 92, 96, 98, 109, 129, 140, 323. 
 § Nos. 270, 276. || No. 292. % No. 294. 
 
 •* Possibly tho edition publlsliod in Paris, by Robert Stophciis, in 
 I'l'A, in two Vols. 12iiio. 
 
 tt Nos. 516, 522. JJ Nos. 521, 539. 
 
PEEFACE. xxiii 
 
 exhibits itself.* "We now find the young King of England 
 recognized as the patron of literature ; books are dedicated 
 to him, and their authors forward presentation copies.f 
 
 We have already seen that Masone, while Ambassador in 
 France, complained bitterly at being compelled to borrow 
 money from the agents, and that he paid for it a rate of 
 interest so excessive, that we might imagine his case to be 
 exceptional. It was not so, however, as we gather from 
 the experience of others, who were reduced, by the non- 
 payment of their salaries, to adopt the same ruinous expe- 
 dients. Carne, writing from Bruges, then a great com- 
 mercial city, assures the English Government, that he had 
 to pay 100 marks for 100/. sterling; " the exchange is 
 " so ill."| An agent, resident at Antwerp, makes a merit 
 of procuring 100,000/. at 14 per cent, interest, remarking 
 that the Emperor himself pays, even to his own subjects, as 
 much as 15, 16, and often 18 per cent.^ The Council at 
 London endeavoured to borrow money at 12 per cent.,^ but 
 after considerable negociation they failed, 13 per cent, being 
 considered the minimum rate.^ The credit of England was 
 
 * No. 267. Cecil, in 1552, having been recently appointed Chancellor 
 of the Order of the Garter, requests his correspondent at Brussels to 
 obtain for him some particulars respecting the ceremonies observed in the 
 Order of the Toison d!Or. Chamberlain is at first unsuccessful, the 
 Chancellor and Treasurer thereof, " being Frenchmen born, and as evil 
 " disposed to the English as may be." But he has gathered a few 
 particulars, be adds, " from one of the Stewards of the Queen's house- 
 " hold, who formerly held the office of Toison d!Or, and to whom he had 
 " shown some courtesies, feigning to him that he had a great desire in 
 " reading of stories and antiquities.'' No. 574. In the course of a week 
 he writes again to the effect that he " has, not without great difficulty} 
 " procured the manner of the Toison d'Or, and has now three clerks 
 " copying it, because whereas he had it, it may not be long missed. He 
 " will send the copy to Cecil as soon as it is completed." No. 576. 
 
 t Nos. 545, 554, 556, 601. % No. 53. 
 
 § No. 137. II No. 139. 
 
 IT See Nos. 146, 155, 172, 184, 193. 
 
xxiv PREFACE. 
 
 upon the wane ; doubts were expressed as to the ultimate 
 repayment of the sums so advanced;* and ere long Sir 
 Thomas Chamberlain writes from Brussels, "here is no 
 " money to be gotten, and that that is, only at 25 per centf 
 The pressure upon the borrower was equally heavy in 
 France ; Masone, if he borrows, must do so at 40 per 
 cent., beside interest, in consequence of the depreciation of 
 the currency.^ Nor was the sum so borrowed always 
 paid in cash, the truck system prevailed even thus early ;§ 
 while, on the other hand, we find the Protector Somerset 
 anxious to discharge a debt, by sending out of England 
 large quantities of lead and bell-metal.|| This high rate of 
 exchange and accommodation arose from various causes, 
 one of which was tlie great danger in transmitting cash, 
 and bills were not then generally introduced. The sea 
 was swept by privateers, who were little better than 
 pirates,^ and who plundered without scruple, and without 
 discrimination of friend or foe, every vessel which came in 
 their way ; and land carriage was equally perilous, and 
 therefore most expensive.** 
 
 In a collection hke the present, purely diplomatic in its 
 object, it is scarcely to be expected that we should be made 
 acquainted with any matters which partake of a domestic 
 character. Yet here and there such illustrations occur, and 
 the manners, customs, dresses, and amusements of our an- 
 cestors, as they are incidentally noticed by these grave cor- 
 respondents, are not without their interest. I am prevented, 
 however, from entering upon this subject, by the conscious- 
 ness that my introduction is exceeding its due bounds, and 
 I must satisfy myself with this general statement. 
 
 * No. 193. t No. 532. 
 
 t No. 237. § No. 172. 
 
 ||No8. IM, 155, 161, 172,237. 
 1[ No8. 135, 170, 206, 272, 289. •• No. 271. 
 
PEEFACE. XXV 
 
 Before concluding this division of my subject I would 
 direct attention to two valuable series of letters, one of 
 which illustrates the mining operations of the period, * and 
 the other its agriculture.f 
 
 Here, then, I bring to a close my remarks upon the cor- 
 respondence which is contained in the present volume, so far 
 as it illustrates the period of history which falls within the 
 short reign of Edward the Sixth. I would caution the 
 reader, however, against supposing that I have been able, in 
 these introductory observations, to place before him a full 
 abstract of the information to be gathered from the work 
 itself, I have done nothing more than indicate its general 
 bearing, the course in which it runs, and the direction at 
 which it seems to point. I may be permitted to remark 
 that though the character of the volume may be described 
 as diplomatic and historical, yet its interest is not limited to 
 these terms. It takes in a wider prospect ; for there are few 
 subjects of general importance for the illustration of which 
 some information may not be gleaned from the documents 
 now for the first time submitted, in a connected form, to the 
 inspection of the inquirer. 
 
 And now, in conclusion, I have a few words to say as 
 to the system upon which I have acted in compiling the 
 following sheets. 
 
 It has been my wish to follow, as far as possible, the 
 excellent example of M. Gachard. I have employed the 
 very words and style of the writers so far as these, without 
 losing their force, or jarring too much on our modern modes, 
 can be adopted ; and where the narrative, or certain 
 peculiar expressions, might be impaired by condensation, 
 I have quoted such paragraphs at length, with the mere 
 correction of the orthography. "It is with antiquaries," 
 
 • Nos. 245, 273, 275. See also No. 148. f No. 328. 
 
XXvl PEEFACE. 
 
 says Peck, * " almost a piece of religion, to keep up to the 
 '• very letter and spelling of the copy they write after, no 
 " matter however odd it is ; " but, while striving to preserve 
 the characteristics of the originals, I have had in view the 
 public, and not dillettanti. 
 
 In such instances, where the correspondent, writing by 
 ear, has obscured the precise word, I have inserted within 
 brackets the proper spelling; e.g. " Mireposey " [Mire- 
 poix],— " Edym " [Hesdin],— " Hellisame " [Hildersheim], 
 — "Shantony" [Chantonnay]. 
 
 I have taken care to preserve the name and occupation of 
 the humblest individual mentioned; for these, apparently 
 worthless, may not be unserviceable to the genealogist. 
 The days and hours of their starting and arrival, as well as 
 the route taken by the " posts," or couriers, are duly re- 
 corded ; and the rapidity of communication so indicated will, 
 in some instances, appear surprising when the accidents and 
 arrangements of travelling three centuries ago are compared 
 with those of the present day. The prices of commodities, 
 value of money, atmospheric changes, &c., are equally re- 
 tained : no grain in the sands of time is unworthy of note. 
 
 In like manner, the private letters from the Ambassador, 
 or agent, to " his assured friend Mr. Secretary," will, it is 
 presumed, be not the less attractive, as exhibiting the 
 personal disposition and mental idiosyncracy of the writer. 
 Therein may be perceived the brisk temper of Pickering, the 
 dry humour of Masone, and the querulous quaintness of 
 Morysine ; while of others the pliant politics will appear in 
 the immediately succeeding reigns, of which similar Calen- 
 dars are in progress. Such letters, biographically viewed, 
 have their own value, and diversify the constant itera- 
 tion of battles, subsidies, espionage, doubts, rumours, and 
 fears. 
 
 • Preface to " Desiderata Curiosa." 
 
PREFACE. xxvii 
 
 The abstracts of such letters, as I am aware, have been 
 already printed fully in works generally accessible, are in- 
 tentionally brief, and reference is made to the volume where 
 they may be seen. In two instances, by reason of their 
 interest, I have noticed, in their proper order, letters ap- 
 parently now no longer in the State Paper Office, but which 
 were to be found there in the time of Lord Hardwicke, 
 who selected them for publication as illustrative of the reign 
 of Edward the Sixth. These, from Morysine and Ascham, 
 occur at page 222. 
 
 The letter from De Selve, which forms an addendum at 
 page 290, instead of being inserted in its due place, was 
 found, at the very time when the proof of the sheet was 
 delivered to me, while assorting those relating to the reign 
 of Queen Mary, now on the eve of being sent to press, 
 among which it had been assigned to the year 1556. 
 
 The valuable series of papers respecting Calais and 
 Boulogne, abstracts of which are given in the Appendix, 
 was not placed in my hands imtil the greater portion of this 
 volume had been completed at press. 
 
 W. B. TUENBULL. 
 
 3, Stone Buildings, 
 Lincoln's Inn, 
 
 30 November I860. 
 
FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 EDWARD VI. 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 Jan. 30. 
 
 Binche. 
 
 Jan. 31. 
 Binche. 
 
 481. 
 
 1547—1553. 
 
 _ 1. Edward Came to Secretary Sir William Paget. Mons. Skipe- 
 rius came to him to know whether he would write to England, as 
 the Lady Regent was sending to her Ambassador there this evening. 
 Informed him that the Regent has had certain notice of Augsburg 
 and Strasburg having surrendered to the Emperor, and that the 
 Marquis of Brandenburg has invaded the Duke of Saxony's country 
 to aid Duke Maurice with 8,000 footmen and 3,000 horsemen. To 
 join these the Emperor has sent 4,000 men. The King of Bohemia 
 has also sent 8,000 Bohemians to aid the said Duke, who with the 
 Marquis has in all 8,000 horsemen, besides footmen. The Marquis 
 has already recovered divers small countries of the Duke of Saxony, 
 which the Emperor has bestowed upon the Marquis, who has like- 
 wise invaded Thuringia, and now is joined with Duke Maurice to 
 give battle to the Duke of Saxony. An army is ready about 
 Munster to invade Hesse with the Duke of Brunswick's son, who 
 left here this day, having been only two days here in all. The 
 Emperor sends thither another army to invade Hesse. The Land- 
 grave, for lack of money, has licensed all his men of war to depart, 
 and makes all the means he can for his appointment with the 
 Emperor, who will not hear of it. The Emperor, as speedily as he 
 can, returns all the horsemen that are with him for the defence 
 of these parts, as they have no great trust here in the French. 
 ^ It is commonly reported that the French King has a great number 
 of men in readiness. Hears that Skiperius is shortly to be sent to 
 England, although neither he nor any of the Council mention it. 
 The visit seemed rather strange, as he had not seen Skiperius since 
 his journey to Germany, and who now had no other business save 
 to inquire of his intention to write to England as aforesaid. \Two 
 pages.'] 
 
 2. Same to same. When he wrote hi's letter of the preceding 
 evening sent herewith, he mentioned that Skiperius was going to 
 England ; on making inquiry since, 'finds that he is not, but that he 
 has gone to Brussels to-day, returning, as is said, on Friday to wait 
 upon the Lady Regent, who leaves next Saturday to visit the 
 frontiers of Artois, not intending to remain more than a day or two 
 in aiiy place until she reaches Bruges, where the whole CouncU, 
 
FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 ■who in the mean time return to Brussels for 15 days, are to meet 
 her. Hears that the new Bishop of Cologne has made his entry 
 into that city, and was well received. The Duke of Saxony has a 
 powerful army, and has levied a great sum of money upon Duke 
 Maurice's subjects, in spite of the strong force brought to bear 
 against him. His letter of last night detained, by reason of 
 Skiperius having neglected to send for it as he promised. [One 
 page.] 
 
 Jan. 31. 3. Sir Kichard Morysine to Sir William Paget. Has received 
 Hamburg, great attention and hospitality. Cannot hear that the Diet is yet 
 begun, or anything of the Palegrave's Ambassadors ; but that he 
 reckons them surely there, he would tarry somewhere till they were 
 come, or else return home. Blots must be pardoned, as he is so 
 cold that he lets the pen fall. [Three pages. Very mvxih mvttlated 
 and destroyed by damp.] 
 
 Feb. 4. Instructions to Sir Peter Meautys, one of the gentlemen of 
 
 (probably the the Privy Chamber, sent as Ambassador Extraordinary to France, 
 
 rst week.) ^ notify the death of King Henry VIII. and the accession of King 
 
 Edward VI. [Corrected throughout and indorsed by Secretary 
 
 William Petre. Four pages and a half. Draft.] 
 
 Feb. 
 
 (probably the 
 first -week.) 
 
 Feb. 6. 
 
 Tower of 
 London, 
 
 Feb. 6. 
 Feb. 6. 
 
 Feb. 8. 
 Valenciennea, 
 
 5. Instructions to E[dward] B[eUingham], one of the gentlemen 
 of the Privy Chamber, sent as Ambassador Extraordinary to the 
 Emperor to notify the death of King Henry VIII. and the accession 
 of King Edward VI. [Two pages. Draft.] 
 
 6. King Edward VI. to Christian King of Denmark. Credentials 
 of Sir Richard Morysine sent as Ambassador after the death of King 
 Henry VIII. [Latin. Broadside. Signed by the Earl of Hert- 
 ford.] 
 
 Draft of the preceding, autograph of Peter Vannes. [Two •pages!] 
 
 7. The CouncU to Sir Richard Morysine. Inform him of the death 
 of King Henry VIII. on Friday se'nnight. His Majesty on his 
 death-bed had, among things, charged them immediately after his 
 decease to notify the same with all convenient speed to Morysine 
 his Ambassador at the Court of Denmark, to the end that he might 
 communicate the same to the King thereof, and request a continu- 
 ance of their amity to his son and successor King Edward VI. 
 Desire, if he has not left or be too distant to return when the 
 letter reaches him, that he shall obey these instructions, and there- 
 after in like manner act towards the magistrates and burghmasters 
 of Lubeck, Hamburg, and Bremen. John Dymock has advised 
 them of some money due to his late Majesty j this Morysine shall 
 take steps to procure and bring with him. [Five pages. Draft. 
 Much injured by damp.] 
 
 8. Edward Carno "to the most noble Lord the Earl of Hertford, 
 Governor of the King's Majesty's most excellent pei-son during his 
 minority, and to the Lords of his Majesty's most honourable Council." 
 Has this day received thuir letter of the 1st instant by Mr. Belling- 
 liam, informing him of the death of the King, and of his present 
 Majesty's arrival at the Tower and proclamation, which events had 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 Feb. 8. 
 Valenciennes. 
 
 Feb. 9. 
 
 Valenciennes. 
 
 Feb. 9. 
 
 Holding. 
 
 Feb. 12. 
 Bnuseb. 
 
 been notified to him by the President on the morning of the 6th, by 
 desire of the Lady Regent, who had received letters very late on 
 the previous night by a post from the Emperor's Ambassador. Ex- 
 presses his regret for the late Sovereign, and consolation that he is 
 succeeded by the present one, having such a noble and most prudent 
 Council always to be about him in his minority. The President and 
 Regent declare that the King shall always be well assured of the 
 Emperor's amity. Mr. Bellingham declared his charge exceedingly 
 well ; immediately thereafter the writer delivered his new creden- 
 tials, which were very agreeably received by the Regent. Mr. Bel- 
 lingham has gone to the Emperor. The Queen of Hungary, wife of 
 the King of the Romans, is dead. [One page and a half.l 
 
 9. Edward Came and Edward Bellingham (one of the gentlemen 
 of the Privy Chamber) to the same. Narrate their interview with 
 the Lady Regent, when Bellingham delivered the instructions given 
 to him by the Council relative to the death of the King and the 
 accession of his successor. The Regent expressed her sorrow, and 
 her desire for continued amity between the houses of England and 
 Austria as heretofore ; and, as Bellingham was proceeding to the 
 Emperor, would not at that time detain him, but should send her 
 reply to him on his retui-n thither on his way homewards. [Two 
 pages.] 
 
 10. Same to Sir William Paget. Sends two packets received 
 from the Bishop of Westminster this morning. Gives an account 
 of Bellingham's arrival and of their mutual proceedings (as exem- 
 plified in the foregoing letters), which he does at the request of 
 Bellingham to show his diligence. In consequence of the King's 
 death thinks that a renewal of the warrant of his diets wiU require 
 to be made to the Treasurer of his Majesty's Chamber, and requests 
 that the same may be done if it shall be considered necessary. 
 [Two pages.] 
 
 11. Sir Richard Morysine to same. Begs he may be excused for 
 writing such short letters. His man has gone yesterday towards 
 England by post in waggon, and before him another. This is an 
 evil posting country, and he cannot send away all his men if he will 
 not be shamed. 
 
 P.S. — Since writing those few lines, the King's Secretary, who 
 supped with him last night, came to dinner to him. Sees by him 
 that the King will send no other than letters, thinking the amity 
 already sufficiently established. Only waits for these letters ; he 
 would still remain if there were anything more to be done here. 
 [Two pages. Mutilated and injured by darn^.] 
 
 12. Edward Came to same. Mentions the despatch of the 
 Bishop of Westminster's packets, and of his own and Bellingham's 
 letters on the 9th, which were sent by a merchant of Antwerp who 
 left there yesterday before noon. It is reported that the Duke of 
 Saxony is compelled to raise the siege of Lespes [Leipsic], wherein 
 Duke Maurice is, in consequence of the great aid sent from the 
 Emperor and the King of the Romans. The Lady Regent has sent 
 for the Council to come to Valenciennes, where she intends to keep 
 
 A2 t t 
 
FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 Feb. 14. 
 
 La Muette. 
 
 Feb. 15. 
 La Muette. 
 
 Feb. 19. 
 Madrid. 
 
 Feb. 19. 
 
 Madrid. 
 
 Feb. 23. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 Feb. 23. 
 Antwerp. 
 
 the exequies, some say of the Queen of Hungary, and some say both 
 of her and the late King (Henry VIII.) ; but the Council endeavour 
 to induce her to keep them when she comes to Bruges, which is said 
 to be immediately on her departure from Valenciennes, and there- 
 fore the Council remain here till they hear from her again. She 
 makes great preparations for the said exequies. [One page.] 
 
 1 3. Francis I., King of France, to King Edward VI. Condoling 
 with him on the death of his father, and expressing his satisfaction 
 at the re-appointment of Dr. Wotton as Ambassador Resident in 
 France. [French. Broadside. Indorsed by Petre.] 
 
 14. Commission from King Francis I. to the Baron de la Garde, 
 sent Ambassador Extraordinary to England, to enter into negotia- 
 tions, conjointly with Mons. Odet de Selve, Ambassador Re.sident, 
 for a defensive league with France. [French Copy. One 'page 
 and a half.'] 
 
 15. The Prince of Spain to the King of England. Letter of 
 credence in favour of Eustace Capuis, Ambassadorfrom the Emperor, 
 respecting the seizure of a galeon belonging to Domingo de Landa. 
 [Spanish. Broadside. Signed by the Prince, and countersigned by 
 Pedro de los Conoa, Secretai'y.] 
 
 16. Representation to the Judges and Justices of England by the 
 Emperor Charles V. Concerning a galeon called the Cuerpo Sancto, 
 belonging to Domingo de Landa, of Bilbao, laden with oil, wines, 
 and other merchandise, exceeding in value 3,000 ducats, which on 
 its voyage to London about three months ago had, while off the 
 Cape of St. Vincent, on the coast of the King of Portugal, been 
 violently captured by some Englishmen in a vessel of 150 tons; 
 requiring restitution of the same, with aU. relative costs and damages. 
 [Spanish. Broadside. Signed by the Prince of Spain, countersigned 
 by Secretary Oonos, and indorsed by the Members of the Council of 
 Spain.] 
 
 17. Sir Hugh Poulet to the Earl of "Warwick. Thinks himself 
 bound to apprise his Lordship of the lively activity displayed by 
 the men-at-arms and other gentlemen of this town on Sunday, 
 Monday, and Tuesday last, in celebrating his Majesty's coronation 
 by tournays, &c., as fully set forth in the inclosed articles, wherein 
 " Mr. Henry Dudley is not so much noted as his worthiness in these 
 exercises hath notably deserved." [One page. Inclosurc, four 
 pages.] 
 
 18. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to Sir William Paget. Sends a 
 packet of letters from Mr. Mount, brought two days a<^o by one 
 Qwyckelborogh, who said he had received them from a'peraon at 
 Cologne, in whoso house they had been found " recklessly left upon 
 bed,' by whom so left unknown. Perceiving them to be of old 
 date, thinks it right to mention this. In obedience to the Order of 
 tho Council, had, with tlio ready assistance of the merclmnts, set 
 forth the King's coronation with all joy and gladness, as well as it 
 could bo devised. [One page^] 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 1546-7. 
 Feb. 23. 
 
 Hamburg. 
 
 Feb. 24. 
 
 Brussels. 
 
 Feb. 28. 
 
 Antwerp. 
 
 March 4. 
 Westminster. 
 
 March 7. 
 
 Fiacenza. 
 
 March 7. 
 Venice. 
 
 19. Conrad Pfenyng to Secretary Sir William Paget. Expresses 
 his pleasure in receiving Sir Richard Morysine, his Majesty's 
 Envoy. Hopes he may have a safe return homewards, and refers 
 to him for particulars of intelligence. [Latin, One page."] 
 
 20. Edward Carne to same. Waited upon President Schore 
 on Mr. Bellingham's return from the Emperor, to know whether 
 he had received any letter, or whether Mr. Belli ngham should 
 wait upon the Lady Regent for such. The President thinks it 
 would be labour lost for Mr. BeUingham to go, as the Emperor 
 himself has answered by him, and the Regent can give no other 
 reply than that which she has given verbally. Besides, it is uncertain 
 where she may be found, as to-day she keeps the exequies of the 
 Queen of Hungary at Valenciennes, and to-morrow goes towards 
 the frontiers. Sends a packet from the Bishop of Westminster, re- 
 ceived since the arrival of Mr. BeUingham, who, having come from 
 Germany, can inform him of the news there. The Duke of Saxony 
 is said to be still in camp, with 30,000 foot and 6,000 horsemen 
 well furnished, and the King of the Romans also in the country of 
 Saxony on the other side, with what numbers he has not heard. It 
 is said that Mons. de Gronyng is with a new army for the Emperor 
 about Mimster, towards the eastland. [Two pages.] 
 
 21. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to same. Sends a packet from Mr. 
 Mount. It is reported that the French King, the Bishop of Rome, 
 and the Venetians are in league, and the Bishop nothing contented 
 with the Emperor's proceedings in Germany. Also that Bohemia 
 and Sweden are at dissension, and that the Turk comes fast on 
 towards Christendom, and has taken 14,000 Christian slaves in 
 Hungary. The French King is said to have a great power in 
 readiness for England. [One page.] 
 
 22. Commission jfrom King Edward VI. to John Lord Russell, 
 John Earl of Warwick, Thomas Lord Seymour, and Sir William 
 Paget, to enter into negotiations with the French Ambassadors for a 
 defensive league with France. [Latin. Broadside. Signed by the 
 King, and countersigned hy Somerset.l 
 
 23. Count Ludovico Rangone to Sir William Paget. Although 
 his object in sending Gianbianco a few days since was chiefly to pay 
 respect to the memory of the late King, yet his desire is not the 
 less to testify his-duty to the present, and requests that Gianbianco 
 may have all facilities of access allowed him. For other matters 
 refers him to Marquis Antonio PaUavicino da Ravarano, the bearer 
 of the letter. [Italia/n,. One page.] 
 
 24. Edmond Harvel to the Earl of Hertford, Lord Protector. 
 Had written to his Lordship and the Council on the last day of 
 February, acknowledging receipt of their letter of the 3d thereof. 
 Since then had visited the Duke and Senate, and had declared to 
 them, "not without lachrymable and extreme sorrow the most 
 pitiful and dolorous decease of the King's Majesty," the particulars 
 of his Majesty's will as to the government during the minority of 
 his son, and his desire and that of the Protector and Council, that 
 
6 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1646-7. 
 
 March 7. 
 
 Brnssels. 
 
 March 7. 
 
 Boulogne. 
 
 March 7. 
 Florence. 
 
 March 7. 
 Venice. 
 
 March 11, 
 Bonlogne. 
 
 the former amity should continue between the States and England. 
 Eequested them to persist in their resolution to send an Ambassador 
 to England as they had intended to do during the life of the late 
 King, and thereafter presented his Majesty s letters. All which, 
 with suitable condolence and congratulation, had been fuUy reci- 
 procated by the said Duke and Senate. Sends incl: sed the copy of 
 certain advertisements from Rome, whereby it appears how the 
 Bishop and Cardinal Pole begin to enter in practices upon the King 
 of England, whereupon he admonishes and exhorts his Lordship to 
 be much vigilant and circumspect against the frauds and enmity of 
 prelates with other enemies. ^Ttvo pages. Inelosv/re, ItaUa/n, one 
 page.] 
 
 25. Edward Came to Sir William Paget, K.G. Sends copies of 
 the articles of agreement between the Emperor and Duke Ulric of 
 Wirtemberg, and of the agreement of the town of Augsburg with 
 the Emperor. It is reported that Mons. Gronyng prospers marvel- 
 lously to the Emperor's purpose about Bremen and the quarters 
 where he goeth with his army. They speak much of great prepara- 
 tion made in France both of artillery and men to go to Scotland. 
 [One page. Incloaurea, French, five pages a/nd a AoZ/.] 
 
 26. Orders established by the Lord Grey, Deputy of the King's 
 Majesty's Town and Marches of Boulogne, Sir Hugh Poulet, and 
 Sir John Harrington, Knight, by virtue of her Majesty's Commis- 
 sion and Instructions from the Lord Protector and the residue of his 
 Highness's Privy Council to them directed, for avoiding of the 
 superfluous excess of victuals and the good order of the same. \Copy, 
 nine pages.] 
 
 27. Cosmo de Medicis, Duke of Florence, to King Edward YL 
 Letters of condolence on the death of his father King Henry VIII. 
 [Latin. Broadside on vellum.] 
 
 28. Francis Donate, Doge of Venice, to King Edwai-d VI. Condoles 
 with him on the death of his father King Henry VIII., which event 
 has been commimicated by Edmond Harvel, his Ambassador here. 
 Has deputed James Zambone to oflFer in person congratulations on 
 his succession. [Latin. Broadside on vellum.] 
 
 29. William Lord Grey of Wilton to the Lord Protector. Sends 
 such information as by espial he has learned forth of France. The 
 walled towns supply the King with 20,000 soldiers at their own 
 charge for one year ; these are ready to march at tuck of drum, he 
 suspects against this town. The clergy pay the fourth penny of 
 their livings. The Parliament of Rouen have decreed that Nor- 
 mandy shall give the King 1,800,000 franca. The whole French 
 troops are supplied for three months, and are ready to march at 
 trumpet-sound. The English merchants ai-e ill ti-eated in France, 
 therefore they mostly associate with Scots. One hundred and 
 twenty pieces of brass ordnance have been drawn out of the store- 
 houses in Paris. All these news were sent towards Scotland three 
 days ago. [One page.] 
 
EDWAED VI. 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 March 8. 
 
 Venice. 
 
 March 12. 
 Cleves. 
 
 March 15. 
 Antwerp. 
 
 30. Edmond Harvel to the Earl of Hertford. The Senate has 
 this day communicated to him their letters from Constantinople of 
 the 9th ult., which bear that the Turks in the parts of Babylon 
 have been victorious over the Lord of Balsora, and occupied his 
 country with many good towns, which will be of much importance 
 to the Turks as being upon the Persian Gulf, whither are brought 
 lai-ge quantities of spices and other merchandise from India. The 
 Lord of Balsora had fled fifteen journeys distant from his land 
 towards Mecca. The Basaa, who has taken the country, is made 
 Governor thereof, with a salary of 20,000 ducats per ann. The 
 Turk's Bassa left Adrianopolis on the 3d of February (illegible). 
 Orders are given to all in the Turk's service to be in readiness, and 
 great naval preparations are being made, whereby it appears that he 
 intends some notable enterprise this year. He has also sent 100,000 
 ducats to Buda, and ordered the Tartars to supply him with 40,000 
 men, as by homage they are bound to do. Audiences had been given 
 lately by Rustan the chief Bassa to Signer Guardo, the Envoy of 
 Ferdinando and the Portuguese Ambassador, but with what effect 
 is not known, although the Imperiailists say that Ferdinando is to 
 have a truce, and the Turk will make no war this year ; this will 
 be known after the return of the French Envoy to the Turk. The 
 Transylvanian Ambassador, supposed to have been treating on cer- 
 tain differences of boundaries, had recently left the court of the 
 Turk, who by reason of having so many Christian leagueries and 
 continued victories is grown more and more to wonderftd estimation 
 in the worid. The Senate is fully resolved to send an Ambassador 
 to England. Has in his other letters made mention of the two 
 legates intended to be sent by the Bishop to the Emperor and 
 France for practices to reduce England to his obedience, and of the 
 many rumours that Cardinal Pole was minded to require succour 
 from the Emperor to be restored to his country. Consideriag how 
 firmly the King's government is established, thinks the fury and 
 vain blasts of the adversaries will not long endure. [One page 
 and a ho/lf.] 
 
 31. William Duke of Cleves to the Council. Letter of credence 
 for his Envoy, Conrad Herisbach. [Latin. One page.'] 
 
 32. The, Privy Council to Dr. Wotton, signifying the King's in- 
 tention of speedily recalling him, and informing him. of a defensive 
 league which they had concluded with the French Ambassadors ; 
 the principal articles of which they recapitulate for his instruction. 
 [Draft and copy. Draft, three pages ; copy, four pages.] 
 
 33. William DanseU to Sir William Paget. Has been requested 
 by Erasmus Schetz of this town and his sons to solicit that their 
 servant may be despatched from England, where he has long re- 
 mained for the clearing of his account with one of the King's officers 
 in the north, for com which had been delivered for his Majesty's 
 
 Incloses some letters received from a servant of William 
 
 use. 
 
 March 16. 
 Bruges. 
 
 Watson, who, missing Mr. Morysine, had returned the same. [One 
 page.] 
 
 34. Edwar(l»-Came to same. Last night a post came from the 
 Emperor to the Lady Regent, apprising her, as he is credibly in- 
 
FOREIGN PAPEKS. 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 March 19. 
 Bruges. 
 
 March 20. 
 Bruges. 
 
 March 22. 
 Bruges. 
 
 March 24. 
 Antwerp. 
 
 March 24. 
 
 Antwerp. 
 
 formed, that the Emperor is going in person with the army to 
 Saxony as speedily as he may. The Regent has sent for all the 
 States of Flanders to be here before she departs to Zealand on Mon- 
 day next for seven or eisht days. Thence she will return straight, 
 the Council remaining here in the meantime. It is said that the 
 Emperor will make out of hand a new fortress between Montreuil 
 and Terouanne beside Falkenburg, in a place called Renti, a piece of 
 ground belonging to the Duke of Arschot. Within three days after 
 his arrival at Bruges certain of the Lords of the town waited upon 
 him to welcome him, and presented him with wine. [One-page.] 
 
 35. Edward Carne to Sir William Paget. Last night received a 
 packet from the Bishop of Westminster for him, with a letter to him- 
 self, informing him that Marquis Albert of Brandenburg, who served 
 the Emperor in all this last war, is taken prisoner by Duke Frederick 
 of Saxony. Inclines to think that this intelligence was brought to 
 the Queen on the loth instant by the last post ; but here nothing is 
 said of it, or of any doings in Saxony. [One page.] 
 
 36. Same to same. Had sent to him on the previous morning a 
 packet of letters, wherein was a packet from the Bishop of West- 
 minster, by the hands of a young English merchant of the Steel-yard 
 in London, who promised surely to deliver it. Recapitulates the 
 substance of his two former letters of the 16th and 19th instant. 
 [One page.] 
 
 37. Same to same. Has this evening received for him a packet 
 from the Bishop of Westminster in haste, with a request that it 
 may be forwarded surely and diligently ; wherefore despatches it by 
 the bearer his servant with diligence. It is said that Marquis Albert 
 of Brandenburg was taken prisoner by treachery while he went a 
 banqueting to a certain lady outside his camp. Hears that news 
 have arrived from the Emperor to-day ; these are not yet spoken o^ 
 being kept very privily. [One page.] 
 
 38. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to same. Sends a packet of letters 
 from Mr. Mount, by which he will doubtless be informed of the pro- 
 ceedings of the Emperor, who is said to be preparing men rapidly in 
 Italy, The French King is reported to be sore sick. Trusts to see 
 Paget shortly. Hopes to send his tiles within 20 days ; they have 
 been made three or four times, but by reason of this winter been 
 always erased and broken in the furnace. [One page.] 
 
 39. William Dansell to same. Having been appointed for the 
 receipt and payment of certain sums of money for the discharge of 
 a debt due by his Majesty to Erasmus Schetz and A[nthony] Fug- 
 ger, on 15th February last, he has clo;u-Iy satisfied the same, and 
 sends their acquittance herewith, retaining the duplicate and the 
 King's obhgations in his custody until he returns home, which he 
 begs h(! may be i)(.n-mitto(l to do, as ho has iiuislied all that was com- 
 mitted to his charge, and thoro is nothing to be done before the 15th 
 of August. Som.i say that tho Marquis of Brandenburg, lately 
 taken, is sent to be Ivojit prisoner in Denmai-k, and it is reported 
 that letters of marque are granted here agiunst the Scots. Why the 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 9 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 1547. 
 March 26. 
 
 Antwerp, 
 
 March 26. 
 Bruges. 
 
 March 27. 
 Antwerp. 
 
 March 31. 
 Bruges, 
 
 March 31. 
 Bruges. 
 
 March. 
 [Paris,] 
 
 Emperor prepares his navy is not certainly known, but some think 
 to put himself in readiness to withstand the French King if he should 
 pretend anything against him. Jasper Duke and others have news 
 that three Cardinals Ambassadors are coming from the Bishop of 
 Rome ; one of them to the Emperor, a second to the King of France ; 
 to whom the third is not known. [One page.] 
 
 40. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to Sir William Paget. All the ships 
 in Zealand and Holland have been arrested by the Regent's command ; 
 wherefore unknown. The Bishop of Rome sends three Cardinals to 
 the Emperor, France, and England. The Regent has given liberty 
 to all who will to arm against the Scots, yet some of the same 
 nation are seen going about the town free and unmolested. !News 
 from Zealand that 25 sail of French ships are restrained there by 
 the Regent's command, and a similar embargo on all the ships in 
 Holland. [Two pages.} 
 
 41. Edward Carne to same. Hears that the Duke of Saxony 
 has defeated 6,000 foot and 200 or 300 horse of the Emperor, and 
 that a great part of Duke Maurice's subjects have rebelled against 
 him ; but these news are not spoken abroad here. The lady with 
 whom Marquis Albert of Brandenburg went to banquet when he was 
 taken was the Landgrave's sister. The Emperor is reported to have 
 the gout in his hand. It is said that the French army and navy are 
 in great readiness, and that the Scots are very strong upon the sea. 
 [One page.] 
 
 42. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to same. Sends a packet from Mr. 
 Mount. Has no news, save that the rumour of the intended coming 
 
 of the three Cardinals is still prevalent. [One page.] 
 
 43. Edward Came to the " Lord Protector's most Noble Grace." 
 The previous intelligence of the submission of Strasburg to the 
 Emperor was premature ; it has only come to appointment now. 
 Is credibly informed that the Emperor has sent for the bands of 
 horsemen of Flanders. Mons. de Groning still besieges Bremen, and 
 has sent for 12 ensigns of fresh soldiers to be recruited from Fries- 
 land. Requests that a new warrant may be granted to the Treasurer 
 for payment of his diets. [One page.] 
 
 44. Same to Secretary Sir William Petre. Is informed by 
 his factor, Mr. Hussey, that the Treasurer cannot pay his diets 
 without a fresh warrant, and begs the Secretary's assistance to 
 procure it, or else he is like to defray his charges here very slenderly, 
 [One page.] 
 
 45. Dr. Wotton to the Earl of Hertford and the Council. Detail- 
 ing his negotiation with the French Council relative to a suit of 
 John Flite, an English merchant, in the Court of ParKament at 
 Rouen, and inclosing copies of the King of France's letter and com- 
 mission to the first President of the Court of Rouen to determine 
 the cause. [Two pages. Inclosures, five pages.] 
 
10 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 151.7. 
 March. 
 
 Maivl 
 
 April 1. 
 
 April 1. 
 
 Paris. 
 
 April 3. 
 Bruges. 
 
 April 6. 
 
 I'aris. 
 
 April 12. 
 
 IG. Intended treaty between King Edward VI. and King Francis I. 
 after the death of King Henry VIII. [Latin. Nine pages am.d 
 a half. Copy.] 
 
 Copy of the preceding. [Four pages.] 
 
 •t7. Treaty made at London between King Edward VI. and King 
 Francis I. for settling the boundaries of Boulogne. [Latin. Four 
 pages.] 
 
 Copy of the preceding. [Four pages. Printed by Rymer, 
 Vol.:s.y.,p. 135, ed 1728.] 
 
 48. The Council to Dr. Wotton. Inform him of his appointment 
 to be his Majesty's Commissioner for receiving the French King's 
 oath for observance of the defensive league recently concluded with 
 the Baron de la Garde ; and that the Lord Cobham, Sir John Wallop, 
 and Sir Edward Wotton have been appointed Commissioners on 
 the King's part to settle the limits of the Boulognois. The Maiy 
 Willoughby and other Scottish ships of war lie at Newhaven, and 
 issue at every tide for the interrupting and spoiling of the English 
 merchants who traffic that way, being supplied with all munitions 
 of men, victuals, and ordnance when they need theuL Another 
 Scottish vessel, called the Great Spaniard, lies at Dieppe, pursuing 
 the same course, and is aided in France. The French Ambassador 
 has been spoken with regarding this ; and Dr. Wotton is desired at 
 his next access to declare the same, and require reformation thereof, 
 according to reason and the amity subsisting between the two 
 Sovereigns. [Seven pages. Draft, corrected by Sir William Pagdi\ 
 
 49. Doctor Wotton to the Council. Announces the death of 
 Francis I. at the Castle of Rambouillet, on the preceding day at 
 noon. The Emperor is reported to be dangerously ilL It is 
 rumoured that the Constable [Montmorency] is to be revoked to 
 the Court. [Printed by Tytler, " England under the Reigns of 
 Edward VI. and Mary," Vol. i, p. 33.] 
 
 50. Edward Carne to the Lord Protector. A post arrived from 
 the French Court between 10 and 11 o'clock last night, apprising 
 the Lady Regent of the death of the King of France. The Regent 
 has granted passport for the cables, hawsers, and other cordage for 
 his Majesty's use without payment of any custom, as required by 
 the letter from the Council of 16th ult. The Empei-or is said to 
 have countermanded the Flanders horsemen, referred to in his 
 letter of the 31st ult. [One pa^ei] 
 
 51. Dr. Wotton to the Council. Mentions the various changes at 
 Court and in tlie Government in consequence of the death of the 
 late King. Reports as to his Majesty's interment and of the 
 Emperor's proceedings. Requests a new commission for requiring 
 the confirmation and oath upon the new treaties. [Four pages. 
 Printed by Tytler, Vol. i., p. :ir^, with the oviission of a few clauses 
 in the pciiuUinuUe paragraph] 
 
 52. The Council to Dr. Wotton. Inform him that his commission 
 as Ambassador Resident in Franco being void by the death of the 
 
EDWARD VI. 11 
 
 1547. 
 
 French King, it is the intention of His Majesty to continue him for 
 some time longer in the same capacity ; and therefore a new com- 
 mission is sent with letters of credence, to be presented by him to 
 the King of France, whom he is to solicit to appoint a day for taking 
 the oath for the observance of the treaty. He is farther informed 
 that the Scots having of late made many cruel incursions, the Lord 
 Warton, Lord Warden of the West Marches, had been compelled to 
 make reprisals, and had taken in an ambush the Laird Johnson, a 
 notable borderer of the Scottish side, with seven or eight mean 
 gentlemen and 120 or 140 common soldiers of his party, all of whom 
 were brought prisoners into England. Also that a subject and 
 denizen of the King's Majesty, commonly called Francis John, being 
 upon the seas, and meeting with a ship from France laden with 
 Scottish goods, had taken the same, by reason of his having pre- 
 viously lost a good portion of his substance by the Scots. That in 
 this ship was a Scottish gentleman, servant, as he alleged, to the 
 Vidame of Chartres, having letters with him from the late King to 
 his Ambassador in Scotland ; the packet containing which being 
 brought to the Council, had by them been sent unopened to tho 
 French Ambassador, and the Scot discharged by reason of his asserted 
 service to the Vidame. Desire Dr. Wotton to make such use of these 
 facts as may seem expedient to him in the circumstances, should any 
 question arise thereon. [Nine pages. Draft, corrected by Secretary 
 Petre.] 
 
 April 1 5. 53. Edward Carne to Sir William Petre. Has no news but what 
 Bruges. he has sent to the Lord Protector. Entreats him to procure the war- 
 rant for his diets, and hopes that Mr. Hussey has spoken to him on 
 the subject. Assures him that he has here now [to pay] by the 
 above 100 marks for 100 pounds sterling, the exchange is so ill, 
 and so has been these 12 months and more ; which keeps him the 
 barer and causes him to trouble his masters and friends the more. 
 [Oiie page.] 
 
 April 15. 54. Same to the Lord Protector. Nothing has occurred since his 
 letter of the 3d, but news have lately arrived that Mons. de Groning 
 had been wounded, and another captain slain, by a gunshot from 
 Bremen ; which injury M. de Groning had survived three days. 
 This the President Schore informs him happened by reason of bis 
 own wilfulness : there had been sundry sorties and skirmishes, with 
 many slain and taken on either side ; and at the end of the last M. 
 de Groning, " drawing too nigh to the town, gebarding himself too 
 nigh, was taken with a gun suddenly." The President also tells 
 him, that the Duke of Brunswick has gone to join them, and has 
 taken the castle of Dunelhorst belonging to Munster, called the 
 strongest hold in that quarter, and near Bremen, which is a great 
 aid to that town, and let to the Imperialists. They have burned all 
 the ships of Bremen, except 36, which they have taken. It is said 
 that the Count of Bure has been sent for, and is to succeed M. de 
 Groning, and that Mons. Brabanson will be left in his stead at 
 Frankfort. The Emperor is reported to have gone to Saxony, and 
 supposed to have arrived there by this time. [One page.] 
 
12 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1547. 
 April 16. 55. Edmond Harvel to Sir William Paget. Although by private 
 Venice. letters he has liecn ctrtified of the King's coronation, yet the absence 
 of official ones prevents hi in from notifyinj,' the same to the Duke 
 and Senate in a befitting m.uiner, and intc.iTupts his accustomed 
 familiar intercourse with the Court. Wherefore he requests that 
 such letters may be sent from the Council by every ordinary post. 
 Congratulates him on receiving the Garter. Hopes he will'liave 
 his poor friend in some small care and memory, as he haa plainly 
 consumed his years and goods in the service of the late King. 
 Incloses letter to the Lord Protector. 
 
 P.S. Sir Francis Bernard came late this evening, desiring that 
 Paget might be informed he still labours with the Senate for the 
 recovery of his goods, and till the matter is ended cannot write to 
 him or any about the Court. After his business is expedited intends 
 to repair to England. The Senate hopes continually to have 
 Ludovico de I'Armi in their hands, but it is thought that the 
 Emperor will not consent to their desire, but will feed them with 
 words. It is reported that said Ludovico should be delivered out 
 of prison with surety of 20,000 crowns, which the Cardinal of Trent 
 hath caused to be made for him, and that he should be departed for 
 England. This he thinks not credible. [One page and a half.'] 
 
 April 17. o(^. Edward Carne to the Lord Protector. Last evening the Lady 
 Bniges. Regent received letters of the 12th inst., informing her that the 
 Emperor with the King of the Romans and Duke Maurice were at 
 Egra in Bohemia ; and on that day the Duke of Alva marched with 
 the Emperor's vanguard to Saxony, and the Emperor marched 
 next morning. Some think he will give battle to the Duke of 
 Saxony ; others not, as the latter has at least 5,000 or 6,000 horse 
 and 25,000 or 26,000 foot well appointed. 2,000 Bohemian light 
 horse are said to have left the service of the King of the Romans for 
 that of the Duke of Saxony ; and the Emperor to have sent to 
 Spain with all diligence for more Spaniards, No fai-ther news of 
 the army before Bremen. [One page. Printed by Tytler, Vol. i., 
 p. 47.] 
 
 April 17. 57. Same to Sir William Petre. Has no news beyond what 
 
 Bruges. are contained in hia- letter to the Lord Protector, except that 
 
 the Lady Regent makes preparations at Gand for celebrating 
 
 solemnly the exequies of the late King of France, and it is said that 
 
 she intends to be there on the 23d inst. [HaJj! a page.] 
 
 April 26. 68. The Bishop of Westminster to Sir William Paget. Yestei-day 
 Plantsenitz in had Written by Honyngs, who for want of post-horses was detained 
 '*""'■ until to-day. Had been to .sec the bridge and the place where their 
 men passed the day bi^foro ; gives an a^-^e.ouut of tl>o engagement 
 from tlie information of an otlieer in the Emperor's liglit hoi-se. 
 The Emperor is said to have summoned all the Duke's strongholds, 
 and it is thonglit that there will be no resistunee. [One page and a 
 half. I'riiilal hj Tijlln; Vol. I, y. 52.] 
 
 May 2. 59. Edward Carno to same. Trusts that he has merrily returned 
 
 Gand. to the (Jourt from the country, wheio he hears he has been of late. 
 
 All the Court hero do wonderfully rejoice of the Emperor's victory 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 13 
 
 1547. 
 
 May n. 
 
 Antwerp. 
 
 May 16. 
 
 Paris. 
 
 Dec. 9. 
 Brusse'.s. 
 
 in Saxony, and the taking of its Duke prisoner ; for further news of 
 this refers him to the letter of the Bishop of Westminster sent by 
 the post, and for other intelligence to his own letters to the Lord 
 Protector herewith. [One page. Printed by Tytler, Vol. i., p. 57, 
 dated by mistake from, Bruges.] 
 
 60. Edward Carne to Sir William Paget. As the Lady Regent 
 departs to-day for Baro to Zircze in Zealand, whence she will return 
 in four or five days to Turnode in Brabant, thinks it proper to write 
 ere he leaves this. Hears for certain that Wittemberg still holds out, 
 although besieged by the Emperor with 80 great pieces of artillery 
 and 9,000 pioneers, besides his army. Bremen also holds out ; and 
 he is credibly informed there are 36,000 ensigns of foot and 4,000 
 horse, with the young Duke of Brunswick and the other captains 
 there for the Emperor. Mons. de Bure and Mons. de Brabanson 
 from Frankfort have arrived here ; and he is informed that the former 
 goes to Grave, his place, to gather men to return with him to Bremen, 
 the defenders of which go about to turn the river, and have 3,000 
 pioneers at work there. \One page.] 
 
 The Flanders Correspondence from 11 May to 9 December 1547 
 is missing. 
 
 61. Dr. Wotton to same. Mentions the particulars of his conver- 
 sation with Burgart, Ambassador from the Elector of Saxony at the 
 French Court, on the affairs of Germany and the military move- 
 ments of the Protestants. Burgart states that the Elector was 
 taken prisoner by the Emperor during the truce between Duke 
 Maurice and him. \One page and a half. Printed by Tytler, 
 Vol. i., p. 58.] 
 
 62. Edward Carne to the Lord Protector and the Council. On 
 the 7th received their letter of the 26th ult., and according to its 
 purport had made much diligent search to ascertain the most learned 
 and most honest men in the Low Countries. The first possessing all 
 these necessary qualities is Dr. Gabriell, who reads the chief lesson in 
 Louvaine ; next to him Dr. Hazius, who reads the second lesson 
 there ; after these Dr. Hermes, whom Mr. Secretary Petre well 
 knows as having been one of the Commissaries in the diet at Calais 
 and Burborough. These are called best learned in the civil law. 
 Mr. Joys Hamszon is well learned and called also a very good inter- 
 preter thereof; him the Protector doth well know, for his Grace 
 was lodged in his house at his last being with the Emperor here. 
 He is reputed as upright a man, and of as good integrity as any of 
 the Council of Brabant, and bears a very good mind towards the 
 King's Majesty and all his subjects. Also the President of Flanders, 
 called Mr. Lewis Heylwyke, is called a very quick learned man, and 
 of good authority ; but Dr. Gabriell, of Louvaine, is named the 
 best. What trust may be given to any of them in so weighty a 
 matter as their Lordships write of he cannot tell. The Emperor 
 makes very great preparations, and has ordered 100 ensigns of foot 
 and 10,000 horsemen to be amassed ; against whom he cannot 
 learn. Since the Lady Regent has arrived at the Emperor business 
 is conducted here with great secrecy ; the President Schore decipher- 
 
14 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 151.7. 
 
 Dec. 9. 
 Brussels. 
 
 Dec. 11. 
 [London.] 
 
 Dec. 13. 
 Brussels. 
 
 1.547-8. 
 
 Jan. 24. 
 
 Bremen. 
 
 March 5. 
 "Venice. 
 
 March 6. 
 Paris. 
 
 ing all letters himself, and the chief Secretary writing with his own 
 hand, without the intervention or knowledge of any of the clerks aa 
 heretofore. The miuiiage of the King of Poland with the Duchess 
 of Louvaine is said to be concluded. The Lady Regent is expected 
 to be hoie about the latter end of Christmas. [Two page8.2 
 
 63. Edward Carne to Sir William Petre. Recapitulates his ac- 
 count of the men of learning given in the preceding letter. Had 
 heard aluo as well spoken of Dr. Ketell, Mr. Peter WaUehem, Dr. 
 Cranevelt, and the President Schore, but bad not named them to 
 the Council. Requests that for his quietness one of the clerks may 
 send him a note of the receipt of the packet, having for expedition 
 entrusted it to a post of the Emperor's, who had promised to deliver 
 it with all diligence. Thanks him for his most gentle letter of the 
 26th ult. [One page.] 
 
 64. " A memorial for William Watson (pseudonyme for John 
 Brend), presently sent from the King's Majesty to the cities of 
 Breme, Hamborough, and Lubeke, to the purposes ensuing." These 
 are, for the continuance of amity ; the supplying his Majesty with 
 naval munitions ; the preventing like supplies to the Scots ; and 
 ascertaining what agency, and for what purposes, the French King 
 has in those cities. Signed by the Protector ; Archbishop of 
 Canterbury ; Rich, Chancellor ; Lord St. John ; Lord John Russell ; 
 Marquis of Northampton ; Earl of Arundell ; Thomas Lord Sey- 
 mour ; Sir Anthony Browne ; and Sir William Petre, Secretary. 
 [Three pages.] 
 
 65. Edward Carne to Sir William Petre. Mentioning what he 
 had written in his last letters of the 9th inst. lest they had not 
 reached him. [One page.] 
 
 The Flanders Gcn'respondence from 13 December 1547 to 7 March 
 1547-S is missing. 
 
 66. John Brend to same. Had forwarded to the Lord Pro- 
 tector the answer which he received at Hamburg. Has obtained 
 replies from Lubeck and Bremen. Touching Scotland they are 
 all agreed, and he has found no such practices there as was 
 supposed. Sends this to intimate his returning homeward. [Oiic 
 page.] 
 
 67. Edmond Harvel to Sir William Paget. Introduces the 
 bearer, the Count Bernardo San Bonifacio, M-ho is about to repair to 
 England. By the universal 'report of men he finds the Count to 
 be of right good fame, as also of much honour and vii-tue. [One 
 page.] 
 
 68. Dr. Wotton to Sir William Petre. He trusts that he may 
 soon bo recalled home; doHiroH that a copy of the form of ratifica- 
 tion and oath of (he last livnty may be sent to liim as a precedent 
 for the present ones ; and mentions the report ia everywhere current 
 that the Fiencli King is ixroparing to recover Boulogne. [Printed 
 hy Tytler, Vol. L, p. 78.] ^ ■■ 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 15 
 
 1547-8. 
 
 March 7. 
 
 Malines. 
 
 March 7- 
 Paris. 
 
 March. 
 
 March 9. 
 Antwerp. 
 
 69. Popyns Sybrant to the Council. Having within the last two 
 or three days gone to Brussels to obtain leave and licence from the 
 Emperor's Council to go to England to serve the King, he found a 
 placard issued prohibiting, under pain of forfeiture of goods and 
 banishment of wife and childreUj any of the Emperor's subjects from 
 serving foreign princes.. Of this he sends an authentic copy, request- 
 ing it may serve as his excuse for not coming ; nevertheless begs to 
 have the pension and payment promised to him. [One page.] 
 
 70. Dr. Wotton to same. Giving particulars of his conference, 
 and copies of his correspondence, with the Constable relative to 
 reciprocal complaints of some French and English merchants whose 
 ships had been captured. The Bishop of Rome's Nuntio, who was 
 going to Scotland, is still at Melun, not having yet received his 
 commission or money that he should have with him into Scotland. 
 In Germany the Emperor has caused Sebastian Vogelsperger and 
 two other colonels to be beheaded for raising troops for France, a 
 measure not likely to prevent many from going to serve there. It 
 is reported that Pietro Strozzi has been taken in Lombardy, which, 
 if true, will probably be " occasion of some business." The Prince of 
 Melfi, Governor for the French King in Piedmont, has taken the 
 Marquis of Saluzzo prisoner, and his town of Saluzzo for the King's 
 use.. The captain of the French fort, Monsieur de Ruault, has brought 
 thither an Englishman, whom he calls an English captain ; much is 
 made of this, as if he had disclosed some secrets of importance ; does 
 not yet know what he is, but is informed by one who has talked 
 with him that " he reckoneth him not to be very witty man, and 
 that he speaketh a little French." The Court has left Fontainebleau, 
 and gone to a house of the Constable, called Eston, within four or 
 five leagues from Paris, where they will not tarry long : it is thought 
 that the King wiU be up towards Champagne for a while. Sends 
 copies of certain things done in the consistory at Rome betwixt the 
 Bishop and the Emperor's Ambassador (missing). Is informed by 
 Harpax that the French Ambassador Ossey (d'Oysel), who was 
 despatched a good while ago to go to Scotland, is still in Brittanj, 
 and that a French painter, named Nicholas, has given the French 
 King pictures of all the havens in England, by means of which they 
 may land their men that go into Scotland easily ; also that the 
 Marquis de Maine, brother unto the Queen of Scots, goes with this 
 aid to Scotland. The Emperor's Ambassador says that 200 or 800 
 Spaniards go amongst others to Scotland, and that they make much 
 matter of a reported victory over the English by the Scots at Dun- 
 dee. [Eight pages. A few of the clauses printed by Tytler, Vol. i., 
 p. 78.] 
 
 71. Copy of the Constable's letter and complaints of the French 
 merchants, referred to in the preceding. [Nine pages and a half] 
 
 72. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to Sir William Paget. Sends three 
 packets of letters which Mr. Came delivered to him yesterday at 
 Brussels. The Emperor's success continues, and he is now coming 
 to Frankfort, thence to go against the Duke of Saxony. The Land- 
 grave earnestly entreats and offereth all he hath to the Emperor, 
 desiring to have his life. [One page.] 
 
16 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1547-8. 
 March 18. 73. Dr. Wofcton to the Council. Has received their letter by 
 Taris. Nicholas the courier. Has not been at the Court by reason of the 
 French King's visiting hia friends incognito, and not having made 
 his entry yet. At the time of Nicholas' arrival the French King 
 and Council had caused it to bo reported that the Governor of 
 Scotland had defeated the Earl of Lennox, who had entered that 
 country with 9,000 or 10,000, partly English and Scots, slaying 
 3,000 or more, and taking the Earl prisoner. Great warlike 
 preparations are being made, which he thinks are for Scotland. 
 The former reports of Pietro Strozzi appear not to be true, as 
 he was at the taking of the Marquis of Saluzzo, and is expected 
 very soon at the Court, whither the said Marquis will be brought. 
 Don Ferraute Gonzaga had taken the Marquis de Massa, nephew 
 of Cardinal Cibo and favoured by the Emperor, — " one of them 
 whom they used to call de la bouche," — who, as he heard, had been 
 corrupted by the French party, and chiefly by P. Strozzi, and 
 would have wrought great feats against the Emperor at Genoa, 
 and even have gone about to poison him. Hears that 1,000 foot- 
 men are coming out of Italy in three bauds, one to be commanded 
 by Ludovico Birago, and another by P. Strozzi Ludovico has 
 arrived at the Court already. They are to sail from Brittany. 
 All the veterans of the frontiers are to be sent to Scotland, and 
 the garrisons replaced by other soldiers. Is informed by the 
 Emperor's Ambassador that they send to Scotland 6,000 footmen, 
 200 men of arms, and 500 light horses ; that the King is determined 
 not to suffer such old and firm friends as the Scots to be oppressed 
 by the English, and that he has sent money to the Osterlings of 
 Lubeck, Hamburg, and others for victualling the French army 
 while in Scotland. The Secretary of the Venetian Ambassador has 
 heard that the Emperor had sent articles to Queen Eleanor, his 
 sister, to treat with the French King for him. Details his conver- 
 sation with the Secretary. The Empire is said to have giunted to 
 the Emperor an aid of 40,000 footmen and 4,000 horsemen for six 
 months against the Bishop of Rome and all them that we of his 
 allegiance ; but others, that are loth it should be so, say it is against 
 the rebels of the Empire and for its defence only- The Duchess oi 
 Lorraine begins to fortify two places on the French frontier. She 
 and her nobles are at variance, for the purifying whereof the Queen 
 Dowager of Hungary takes Lorraine in her way to Flanders. The 
 marriage of the Duke of Vend6me with the Princess of Navarre 
 will take place shortly, as wUl also that of the [Duke of Aumale] 
 with tlie Duke of Ferrara's daughter. The Fi-ench King has 
 demanded of the Parisians a loan of lOO.OOO francs, whereof they 
 have offered a good part. The garrisons, especially towards the 
 English frontiers, continue to be largely reinforced. It is said 
 that they send for Scotland 30 great sliips armed and 20 galleys at 
 the ](^iint. lliirinix tells him that Piotro Strozzi has come to the 
 Court, and LaOrancryo is aont td the Scottish Queen to apprize 
 her tliat tlio navy bringing aid to Scotland will sail within five or 
 six <liiyH after him. C)ue La Jaque confirms the report of the defeat 
 of the English near Dunbar, and that the Scots oi-e never better 
 minded to the -wax against England than now. Gives an account 
 
EDWARD VI. 17 
 
 1547-8. 
 
 of a newly invented preparation, a sort of Greek fire, intended for 
 destroying the English ships, and recommends very special caution. 
 Twelve persons have been for the last fortnight living secretly in 
 a house in Paris at the French King's charge, suspected to be the 
 leaders of an intended enterprise on Boulogne or the vicinity. 
 Ambassadors have been from the King of Denmark and his brother 
 the Duke of Holstein to obtain the King's good will for the 
 marriage of the Duke with the Queen of Scots ; they kept them- 
 selves very secretly, and only Brissac communicated with them. Is 
 not aware what answer they received. The French are in the more 
 haste to send into Scotland, as they fear the English may have the 
 start of them. [Five pages. The first clause referred to by Tytler, 
 Vol I, p. 80.] 
 
 March 20. 74. Edmond Harvel to Sir William Paget. On the 16th inst. 
 Venice. -^as invited to sup secretly with Sir Francis Bernard, as these 
 gentlemen are forbidden to resort to Ambassadors. Requested 
 by him to say that until his business was settled he coiJd not 
 write. Also to signify that, as of his own motive, he had spoken to 
 the Duke of Ferrara on the subject of the marriage of his son with 
 the Lady Mary. The Duke gave grateful ear, and expressed his 
 intention to send one of his gentlemen both to mourn for the late, 
 and congratulate for the coronation of the present, King, and who 
 should take occasion to commune upon the said marriage ; being in 
 hope to bring the same to effect, will send his Ambassador with full 
 powers. Also told him that the Bishop had required the Venetian 
 Envoy in Rome to write to the Senate that they shall command said 
 Bernard to speak with his legate in Venice, and also to go to Rome 
 if he should need his (torn) for the King of England. The Senate, 
 which will not be seen partial, hath recused to do so, and leaves 
 Bernard to act according to his own free will. Had asked Harvel's 
 advice thereon. Details the conversation, and expresses himself 
 much pleased with Bernard's afiection to his King and country. 
 According to reports from Rome and elsewhere, the legates to 
 France and the Emperor are stayed, as there is great discord be- 
 tween the Bishop and the Emperor, because the former will not 
 continue in league against Germany, and wiU by no means suffer the 
 Emperor to prevail of the fourth part of his spirituality in Spain. 
 Of late there has been great confusion and strife at Trent, because 
 the prelates for the Bishop have, against the consent of the Im- 
 perialists, removed the Council to Bologna on pretence of avoiding 
 the sickness in Trent, which is reported to be false. For a long time 
 the Bishop has sought occasion to translate the Council from Trent 
 for important causes ; wherefore great protestations have been made 
 in the Emperor's name to annul all previous acts declared in the 
 Council. The Bishop's prelates have departed from Trent in passing 
 gi'eat haste. The Senate has named as Ambassador to England 
 M. Dominico Bolani, a man of singular good fame, virtue, and learn- 
 ing. Signor Luis Gonzaga begs to signify to the King and Council the 
 like devoir and fidelity to them as to the late King ; hopes to enjoy 
 the order promised to him by his Majesty's most worthy father, and 
 offers to send his son to his Majesty. Incloses letter from said 
 Gonzaga, to which hopes a reply may be sent soon, as he is a person 
 
 B ^- 
 
18 
 
 FOREIGN TAPERS. 
 
 1547-8. 
 
 .1548. 
 
 March 27. 
 
 Augsburg. 
 
 March 27. 
 
 Paris. 
 
 of great fame and estimation. The Freneli King is said to have in 
 jiay 16,000 Swiss to go to Italy: this, he thinks, constrains Don 
 Ferrante Qonzag.i to raise infantry and cavalry, and he is now in 
 Piedniout supplying the towns and fortresses upon these confines. 
 Letters from Prague report that the Duke of Saxony has broken 
 3,000 foot and 700 lioi.so of the Marquis of Brandenburg, who came 
 to victual Luipsic, which they leckon is besieged by 20,000 foot and 
 4,000 horse. This compels the Emperor to go in person to Saxony 
 with liis whole army, leaving in Ulrn about 2,000 soldiers, and as 
 many in Augsburg. The Imperial camp is said to be greatly dimi- 
 nished by continued sickness. The fate of De I'Armi is still uncer- 
 tain. Letters of the 12th ult. from Constantinople, and of the 27th 
 from Adrianople, mention that the Turk's preparations greatly 
 increase, and that he intends to send out 200 galleys, and to make 
 passing great expeditions by land. [Three pages.] 
 
 75. Acknowledgment by his Majesty of the advance of 129.750 
 florins by Anthony Fugger and his nephews, of Augsburg, with obU- 
 gation to repay the same upon the 31st day of March 1548. [Copy. 
 Four pagen.] 
 
 76. The Bishop of ^Yestminste^ to the Lord Protector and the 
 Council. Having been apprized by their letters of his Majesty's 
 late success in Scotland, had communicated the same to M. de 
 Granvelle, who expressed himself rejoiced thereat, and requested to 
 have extract of the letters, saying the Emperor would take pleasure 
 to read them, and asked how the French did with us. Details 
 tlu'ir farther conversation. Mentions what had passed between M. 
 de Hie, one of the gentlemen of the Emperor's privy chamber, and 
 M. Bemardine, in regard of the ancient amity between the King's 
 Majesty <and the House of Burgundy ; the former, considering that 
 they must again unite against the French, urged Bemardine to move 
 the Bishop to persuade the Protector thereto. Thinks the Emperor 
 has a distrust of the French. It is reported that the Regent is to 
 meet with the French in Lorraine. [Two pages. One half printed 
 by Tytler, Vol. i., p. 82.] 
 
 77. Dr. Wotton to the Lord Protector. Sends very minute details 
 of the naval preparations of the French King, communicated to him 
 by William James, a merchant of Southampton. The French King 
 levies large assessments in Brittany ; of this tlie people say that the 
 Scots are the cause, and curse them. Tliroo English jn-isoners of 
 war, who should have paid 4,000 crowns, have escaped from Nantes, 
 and therefore the Governor of that tmvn has oi-dered that every 
 Englishman going there sluiuUl be detained for them who have so 
 ot;ua])e(l. Vimr lOnglish \'esseln, coming from Borde.aux laden with 
 Ciascoigiio wines for i,\w King's provision, liavo been oaptui-ed by the 
 Sci;t8 and brought into Brest. The French people are very loth and 
 sorry that there should be war with England, and if such should 
 liappru, thty say Scotland will bo the cause of it. Many places 
 are HO (qjpres.sed by exactions that they desire to be under the King's 
 Majesty. Pietio Strozzi has been at the Court, and gone either to 
 Brittany or I'rovence, but will soon return. It is still reported, that 
 
EDWARD VI, 
 
 19 
 
 1548. 
 
 April 3. 
 Augsburg, 
 
 April 15. 
 
 Augsburg. 
 
 April ] 5. 
 
 Augsburg. 
 
 Italians go to Scotland, and that Lorge, having no great mind to 
 go thither, -will not be sent. [Three pages.] 
 
 78. The Bishop of Westminster to Sir William Petre. The device 
 in the matter of the Interim, fommitted by the Emperor to Malvenda 
 and other learned men, is perfected, and given to the electors to view, 
 but is kept so secret that he can get no copy or learn the effect of it. 
 Mr. Mount has been informed that it will bring back religion to 
 where it was 20 years before, except that communion under both 
 species and such priests as are already married will be tolerated. The 
 device has been subscribed by the Count Palatine, Duke Maurice, and 
 the Marquis of Brandenburg, the latter of whom had sent to persuade 
 Bucer to subscribe it also ; but Bucer, when he saw it, said that 
 he liked it in no wise. Melanothon is expected here shortly. Duke 
 Maurice will be guided in matters of religion as the Emperor will 
 have him. Sends translated copy (missing) of the Emperor's reply 
 to the motion of the States that the Low Countries might contri- 
 bute with the Empire after the old manner. Thinks the matter 
 wisely handled, since if the Emperor cannot directly bring the Low 
 Countries in defence of the Empire, he may do so indirectly. This 
 business may detain the Princes here more than three weeks. 
 Chastel, who was at Basle, has left ; some think for France. Eegrets 
 this, because he is noted a good captain. Hears that Duke George 
 of Wirtemberg and the Baron of Heydek, his brother, remain still at 
 Basle. [Two pages. The half printed by Tytler, Vol. \., p. 84.] 
 
 79. Same to the Protector and Council. After very great trouble, 
 and on condition of secrecy, Mr. Mount had procured the copy of the 
 Interim sent herewith (m^issing). Is informed that the Emperor has 
 sent it to the Bishop of Rome, as he would not conclude the same 
 without his assent, and his answer is expected here daily. Bucer 
 has by the Count Palatine and Marquis of Brandenburg been urged, 
 both by fair promises and sharp words, to condescend to the said 
 Interim, but will not. Divers learned men of Saxony, convened by 
 Duke Maurice to consult for an unity in doctrine, have given their 
 answer, a copy of which and that by Melancthon (both missing) 
 are sent herewith. The Emperor is earnestly bent to bring these 
 matters of religion to such an end as he desires. God only knows 
 what the end thereof shall be. [One page.] 
 
 80. Same to Sir William Petre. It is said that the Emperor will 
 remain till the Prince of Spain comes with his sister, to whom Fer- 
 dinand [Maximilian] the Archduke is to be married here, and that 
 he wUl bring with him 8,000 or 10,000 Spaniards. The Princes 
 named in the enclosure (missing) will accompany them. It is said 
 he cannot be here before August. Letters from Lyons say that Pietro 
 Strozzi has passed there for Scotland with 4,000 Italians. The 
 Emperor's physician said that the Emperor has long suspected the 
 French, but tfie Imperialists think there will be no war this year. His 
 own wishes and opinions. Since writing, is informed by an Italian 
 that when Strozzi left Piedmont he had not more than 1,000 men, 
 and thinks it cannot be true that he has 4,000. [Two pages. 
 Printed, with the exception of the postscript, by Tytler, Vol. i., 
 
 V- 88.] 
 
 B 2 
 
20 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1C48. _, ^ ,^ , „. 
 
 April 15. 81. Appointment of Mr. [John] Bemardine as Attache to bir 
 Philip Hoby, Ambassador to the Emperor in room of the Bishop of 
 Westminster. [Two pages. Draft.] 
 
 April 15. 82. Instructions to Sir Philip Hoby, Knight, one of the gentle- 
 men of his Majesty's Privy Cliamber, sent j)resently unto the Em- 
 peror's Court to reside there as his Highness's Ambaasador in the 
 place of the right reverend father in God the Bishop of Westminster, 
 whom his Majesty presently revokes. [Five pages and a half. 
 Draft.] 
 
 April 16. 83. Instructions to the Bishop of Westminster, as to his intro- 
 duction of Sir Philip Hoby at the Emperor's Court, and notifying 
 the continuance of the services of Mr. John Bemardine. [Two pages 
 and a half. Draft.] 
 
 April IC. 84. Dr. Wotton to the Council. Details his interviews with the 
 Sens. Constable towards obtaining redress for the English merchants 
 whose ships had been captured, and the various shifts and delays by 
 which he was met. The French King had gone to Volusan on the 
 7th inst., and wlaile the Court was there the Ambassadors reside at 
 Sens, five leagues distant. But after being there three or four days, 
 his Majesty had returned to Nogent, because he had left the Queen 
 there not well at ease, and, as it is reported, with child again. On 
 the 12th had received their Lordships' letters of the 5th by Francisco, 
 the bearer hereof Pietro Strozzi is still at Nantes makmg prepara- 
 tions. Andelot has left the Court, and probably also gone to 
 Brittany, whither those who are to go to Scotland draw apace. 
 The bearer says that on his way hither he overtook 200 or 300 
 soldiers going to Brittany, to pass to Scotland as they said. Hears 
 that the Admiral's band of 80 men of arms, his son M. de la 
 Humauldaye's of 40, Jamac's of 40, and other bands of men of arms, 
 with 400 or 500 lighjt horses, are to be sent to Scotland. The French 
 have a high opinion of Strozzi, and expect him to do some great act 
 in Scotland. [Three pages. The latter portion printed by Tytler, 
 Vol. i., p. 87.] 
 
 April 16. 85. Same to Sir William Petre. Goodman Hai-pax is clamorous 
 Sens. for money; incloses letter from him to the Lord Protector in 
 regard thereof Informed by him of a convei-Siition which he 
 had with Andelot as to Berteville, a French othoor in the English 
 service, whom the French were endeavouring to induce to leave j\nd 
 to return to France, and thinlcs it very necessary that good heed be 
 taken to him. Said Harpax considera that this information, and 
 that other of the fire, entitle him to a good rowa,rd. The Frencli 
 nicrc^hants who trafiic with England convoy letters ii-om their Am- 
 bassador tlioro to Scotland. When Francis, Mr. Speke's man, was 
 hwt hoi-o, Harpax at his onrnest suit had introduced him to De 
 l'Aubosj)iiui, when ho pronii.sod to give information of all he could 
 Iciini in England. Also heard from him that Pietro Strozzi intends 
 to do great things in Scotland, especinJly out of regard to the Queen 
 
 his IciuHw im, in whoso exceeding hatrod of the English he fully 
 
 participates. His charactor depieted by Harpax, who seems to bear 
 11 great hatred to him for the sake of Bai-on de la Gaxde, of whose 
 
EDWARD VI. 21 
 
 1548. 
 
 ruin Sfcrozzi is the cause. Says that at this time 500 or 600 gentle- 
 men go into Scotland ; and that there is no doubt the King of Den- 
 mark sends great aid of men and victual there, to the number of 
 30 ships, as he hears, one or other ; being entertained by the 
 French King with hope that his brother shall marry the Scottish 
 Queen, although the said King intendeth nothing less indeed. [Four 
 pages. Printed by Tytler, Vol. i.,p. 91.] 
 
 April 17. 86. The Bishop of Westminster to Secretary Sir WiUiam Petre 
 Augsburg. Marillac had reported a great victory of the Scots over the 
 English ; but Bernardine visiting him had learned that the French 
 King, having been apprized by Marillac of Lord Wharton's defeat 
 of the Scots, wrote, on the authority of ChapeUa, that the English 
 news were not true : this letter Bernardine saw, signed with the 
 French King's hand. Believing therefore the intelligence from the 
 Council, a little thing wiU persuade him to believe that the French 
 do lie. Begs that he may have new letters ere he departs, that he 
 may confirm his brother Ambassadors in what he had told them 
 before, and they might learn consequenter that the French will lie. 
 It is reported that the Count of Mansfeldt has been defeated by 
 the King of Denmark's brother ; that the Commissaries of Bremen 
 treat for submission to the Emperor, and there is hope of an accord ; 
 the like said for Constance, but not so certainly affirmed. Of Mag- 
 deburg hears nothing, save that being under the Imperial ban they 
 still hold out. The process between the King of the Romans and 
 the Duke of Wirtemberg is now so diligently called upon that many 
 thinlc he will at length go without his duchy. Certain Hungarians 
 have been liere to ask aid from the Emperor against the Turk. 
 Some think Ferdinando will not make the demand himself as in 
 Diets past, for that the States, not being troubled with such demands, 
 will be the rather content with his process against Wirtemberg. 
 Forwards letter from Mr. Harvel. Hopes to hear of the safe arrival 
 of Bluemantle [Edmund Atkinson], who left on the 15th inst. 
 [Two pages."] 
 
 April 20. 87. Dr. Wotton to the Council. A friend of his has shown him 
 Sens. part of a letter from one said to be worthy of credit, stating that 
 M. de Chastillon is practising an enterprise upon Boulogne, and 
 has such intelligence with the garrison there that he looks to have 
 it delivered to him assuredly within three weeks or a month at 
 farthest. Whether true or not thinks it proper to inform them. 
 Hears that Andelot has been at the fort by Boulogne and has 
 returned to the Court, but knows not what his errand was. The 
 Ambassador from the French King to the Turk has returned with 
 such reply as causes much rejoicing ; with him has come the Count 
 of Rogendorff, otherwise called Monsieur de Condey, who had fled 
 from the Emperor's Court to the Turk, and had been condemned to 
 death by the latter, but on the Ambassador's intercession had been 
 freed. Harpax informed him last night that he had supped with 
 Monluc, who told him that if one that was sent into England had 
 executed that thing that he was about to do, the French navy ere this 
 had been gone towards Scotland, and that if the English ships were 
 in any place together, they should hear shortly of such a goodly fire 
 
22 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1548. 
 
 as had not Ix^oii seen in the sea ; and Harpax harpeth still on this 
 string. The King goes to Troyes about the beginning of next 
 month, and thence to Je . . . , belonging to the Duke of Guise. Hears 
 that the DucIksh of Lorraine is coming thither, or to some place 
 thereby, to see the King. It is thought they shall go to Lyons as the 
 Queen is amended, yet he has always been of opinion that the King 
 would not long remain distant from Paris, to hearken better to the 
 aifairs of Scotland, unless there appear some suspicion of war on the 
 other side of France. [Two pai/es, partly in diJier, deciphered.] 
 
 April 24). 88. The Bishop of Westminster to the Lord Protector. Sends 
 Augsburg, copies of the electors' answer to the Emperor touching the contribu- 
 tion of Burgundy and other parts as members of the Empire, and of 
 that of the spiritual electors to the Interim (both missing). The 
 Interim pleases no party. Bucer has left without signing it ; The 
 Bishop of Rome is said not to like it, but his answer haa not yet been 
 received by the Emperor. It is reported that the Archduke Maxi- 
 milian is to be declared King of Bohemia before he goes to Spain, 
 ■whither he is said to proceed about the end of May, attended by the 
 Cardinal of Trent and Marquis Albert, also with 500 horse. [One 
 piacje and a half.] 
 
 May 1. 89. Same to Secretary Sir William Petre. As yet has heard 
 
 Augsburg, of no answer from the Bishop of Rome to the Interim. Mr. 
 Mount hears that the Marquis of Brandenburg, elector, is to 
 remain here another fortnight. Prince Doria has signified to the 
 Emperor that his galleys are ready armed, to be used at his pleasure 
 The Emperor has recalled his horse of the Low Countries from 
 Wirtemberg, some say for the purpose of escorting the Archduke 
 to his galleys, others to guard himself when he goes a hunting, 
 which it is supposed he will do at the close of the diet. Incloses 
 Mr. Mount's notes of intelligence from Italy, of which the chief is that 
 the Pope has given the French King 120,000 crowns for assisting 
 tlie Scots. [One 2Mge.] 
 
 May 2. 90. The Lord Protector to Dr. Wotton. The French Ambassador 
 
 had an interview with the Lord Protector last Sunday, when he 
 demanded the delivery of certain French fugitives confined in 
 Boulogne ; to this the Council did not tliink pi-oper to accede, until 
 some English fugitives in France should be apprehended and 
 delivered to Dr. AA^otton, beinpf demanded in terms of the treaty. 
 [Two imijes. Draft, nutoijraph of Sir 11'. Prtrf.] 
 
 May If). 91. Tlie^ Bishop of Westminster to the Council. On the 8th had 
 Augsburg, reecrived tluur letters of tlio 2d by Bluonijinth\ and had audience of 
 tho Emperor on the 12th as to _L,Miuitiiig licence for recruiting 
 (iiniaans, st-eiiiL,' that tho Freneh King by seerot practices had got 
 CermaTiH to aid tho Scots, wlio were enemies both of tho Emperor 
 and Kln^r of England The Emperor exjuessed liis desire to maintain 
 jutiity, bnt e.Mnnot eonsent to ;L;ive sncli lieenee without concurrence 
 or tlio estates, ;u id ivl'ernil liini to Granvelle ; tho interview with 
 wliom on Siindjiy the l.Stli he details. Informed by him that the 
 Emperor luis inHtrMele<l tli(< Regent to signify to the French King 
 that as he sends Jiis sliips to aid tho Euii)eror's enemies the Scots, 
 
EDWAED VI. 
 
 23 
 
 1548. 
 
 May 16. 
 
 Augsburg. 
 
 May 17. 
 Augsburg, 
 
 May 20. 
 Holm. 
 
 May 22. 
 Holm. 
 
 May 22. 
 Augsburg. 
 
 May 25, 
 
 Ronay by 
 Brienne. 
 
 they shall not be permitted to enter or have supplies at any of the 
 Emperor's ports. The same expressions of amity, but steady refusal 
 of licence repeated. Touching the practising of the French King 
 with the King of Denmark for aiding the Scots, Granvelle is 
 directed to confer with the Danish Ambassador. It is plain no 
 other aid can be looked for than what can be obtained at the hands 
 of the Kegent of Flanders. [Three pages.] 
 
 92. The Bishop of Westminster to Sir William Petre. The English 
 must trust to themselves, as he sees that these men will yet hold up 
 fair with France, and yet iu words they would make him believe other. 
 Had written to him by the ordinary post on the 15th intimating the 
 long-looked for arrival here of Prosperus de Sancta Cruce, who was 
 expected to bring the Bishop of Rome's resolution upon the Interim, 
 and now is said to have brought nothing relating to it. Last night 
 the Interim was published to the States, with exhortation to all 
 Catholics to continue in their old religion and to all who had 
 swerved fi-om it to return ; they that will not are commanded under 
 great pains to keep the Interim until order be taken by the General 
 Council. Sends letters from Mr. Mount {missing). [One page.} 
 
 93. Same to [Sir William Petre]. His despatches intended to 
 have been sent off last night were by reason of Bluemantle's illness 
 delayed, and are now conveyed by his own servant Thomas Ailing- 
 ton, who could not leave until this morning, the gates being shut. 
 [Half a page.] 
 
 94. Gustavus I., King of Sweden, to the Lord Protector. Com- 
 plaining that in the wars between England and Scotland the 
 merchant vessels of Sweden, which was strictly neutral and had 
 done no injury, had contrary to the law of nations been seized and 
 pillaged as those of a common enemy, and requesting that any of 
 their ships in the possession of the English may be restored to them. 
 [Latin. Three pages.} 
 
 95. The Lords and Councillors of Sweden to same. Desiring the 
 establishment of a commercial treaty between England and Sweden. 
 [Latin. Three pages.} 
 
 96. The Bishop of Westminster to Sir William Petre. Desires to 
 hear of Allington s safe arrival. The Interim is now published, 
 and he hopes to send a copy of it in his next letter. It is said that 
 Duke Maurice is personally content with it, but having so often 
 promised to his subjects liberty of continuance in their adopted 
 religion, he cannot compel them to observe the Interim. The 
 Marquisses Hans and Albert of Brandenburg have protested against 
 it. On Whitsun-eve the Emperor proposed to the States that they 
 should provide a large contribution to be in readiness for defence of 
 the peace of Germany. [One page.} 
 
 97. Dr. Wotton to the Lord Protector. The King, who is here at 
 certain places of the Duke of Guise, is not likely to leave for 10 or 
 1 2 days, when he will probably go to Anserville, near St. Diziers ; 
 but since that place is near to Bar, there may be some meeting with 
 the Duchess of Lorraine, as something likely is ado, seeing the Car- 
 
24 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1548. 
 
 May 29. 
 Augsburg. 
 
 Eod. die. 
 
 June 5. 
 Augsburg. 
 
 JuiU! 11. 
 
 Aughburg. 
 
 dinal of Guise haa gone thither. Their removal to Lyons is still 
 reported, and the Queen of Navari'e is ready to proceed there to he 
 at her daughter's marriage. Tiie younger Bonivet, that was Bishop 
 of Bosiers, was shot at the musters in Brittany, on his way to Scot- 
 land. Piotio Strozzi had been in danger of like death. The Car- 
 dinal of Lorraine has left tlie Court, it is said, for Lorraine. The 
 Empei'or's Ambassador had twice audience of the King while at 
 Troyes, although he was not moi-e than a week there, and also twice 
 since he lay at Delvent, a frequency in so short a space somewhat 
 unusual. Sends herewith a complaint of some spoliation alleged to 
 have been committed by some English on a person of Bordeaux. 
 Had replied that he had no commission in such matters, and that 
 they must apply to his Grace or to the ordinary judges. [Five 
 pages. The first and larger part in cipher, v.ndeciphered^ 
 
 98. The Bishop of Westminster to Sir WiUiam Petre. Sends the 
 effect of the supplication from the Commissionei-s of the cities against 
 the Interim (missing) ; also Preface to the Interim, " ut possit es- 
 timare leonem ex unguibus;" the rest he will bring with him. Also 
 copy of the Hungarians' petition for aid (likewise missing). The 
 league between the French and the Bishop of Rome is positively 
 affirmed, and money deposited on both sides. Bemardine has heard 
 that the French have laid at Venice 700,000 crowns, and the Bishop 
 at Lyons 350,000. " They name this league defensive, but the Im- 
 perials name it offensive." He has also heard of the angry expres- 
 sions in regard to the Bishop of Rome made use of by the Emperor 
 to the Legate, moving for the restitution of Piacenza. Duke Maurice 
 left this two days ago, as did the Landgrave's wife, having permission 
 to visit her husband. The insurrection in Poland said to be at an end, 
 all parties having submitted to the King, from whom an Ambassador 
 to the Emperor is on his way. Mount has seen the request of the 
 Austrians to the States for aid : pretended, like that of the Hun- 
 garians and the King of the Romans, to be for raising an army and 
 defences against the Turk. [Two pages.] 
 
 Copy of preface to the Interim referred to in the preceding letter, 
 [Eight pages.] Entirely different from that printed in the Constitu- 
 tiones Imperiales of Melchior Goldast. 
 
 99. Same and Sir Philip Hoby to the Lord Protector and tlie 
 Council. Sir Philip Hoby arrived on the 1st, and an audience 
 for him and the Bishop had been npiioiuted for to-day, but 
 the Emperor having been .seized with a flux over night, it will 
 f)robably be deferred till to-miii-io\\-. Sends eopy of letter from 
 Melaiicthon to Carolowicius ()))issiiig), and of the Emperor's repli- 
 cation to tlic States' answer eont'erniiij:; his doniaud for the Low 
 CountrieH to be in defenee of the Empire (IHrwisr misning). The 
 Mishop having bin Majesty's eoninuvnds to return and to arrange 
 with Sir I'. Hoby, will do all in his power to accomplish the same. 
 [One 2><i!l''- Printed ncurli/ entire by Tjtlvr, Vol. i., p. 99.] 
 
 100. Same to same. Had iiudionce of the Emperor on Wednes- 
 day, wlien ilie BiMliop took leave and Hoby presented his credentials. 
 The Einporor strongly professed his desire for a continuance of amity, 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 25 
 
 1548. 
 
 July 1. 
 Brussels, 
 
 .July 8. 
 Brussels. 
 
 July 19. 
 Brussels. 
 
 Aug. 11. 
 
 Venice. 
 
 and referred the Bishop to Granvelle on the question of the mutual 
 treaty of wools. Both next day saw Granvelle, of the interview with 
 whom they give fuU details. Granvelle said the Emperor had not 
 yet heard from his Commissioners as to the treaty of wools, but 
 he is so well afifectioned to the King's Majesty that he will not only 
 ratify it, but all other treaties and leagues. He farther spoke vehe- 
 mently against the French and their war in Scotland, and mentioned 
 his defiant reply to the French Ambassador's complaint of the closing 
 the ports against their ships. The Emperor cannot accede to their 
 request as to Coiu'tpening's band, but Courtpening may have as 
 many men as he likes without any hindrance on part of the Em- 
 peror, and the Regent will not fail to help him as she may. This, 
 however, was to remain a secret understanding between Granvelle 
 and the Ambassadors. \_Foiur pages.] 
 
 101. Sir Thomas Smith to Mr. Cecil, Master of the Requests to 
 the Lord Protector's Grace. They arrived here on Friday night. 
 The Queen having gone a hunting to Binche, could not speak with her, 
 but hopes they shall on Tuesday or Wednesday. The Bishop of 
 Westminster arrived shortly before them, and will be in England 
 soon. AU is quiet here, without any suspicion of war. The Em- 
 peror said to be still sacking in Germany, and to be very lusty. 
 Marvels that none knew of the burning of Arde till they told it. 
 Longs to hear of the Bishop of Winchester's summons, and how he 
 demeaned himself therein. Begs Cecil to remember him when the 
 answer of the park cometh. [One page. Printed by Tytler, with 
 the exception of one paragraph, Vol. i., p. 107.] 
 
 102. Same, Sir Edward Oarne, and Sir Thomas Chamberlain 
 to the Lord Protector. The Lady Regent arrived here from Binche 
 yesterday. Had audience of her this afternoon. She is sensible 
 of his Majesty's desire of amity with the Emperor, which is reci- 
 procated. It may be that there was no evil meaning in the thing, 
 but mistaken ; and though what was done is thought in England 
 to have been done justly, the contrary is thought here. Shall 
 appoint parties to debate with them, and give them reason. The 
 Duke of Arschot is to be married to the Princess Dowager of Orange, 
 daughter to the Duke of Lorraine, this week. The Florentines are 
 informed by letters from Lyons that the French there boast that 
 their galleys had taken Rye and Dover, and even entered the Thames 
 and besieged London ; but that many of them were slain and the 
 rest repulsed. The Spaniards had been expelled from Sienna by aid 
 of the Prince de Saxe, who arrived with 19 galleys at Port Orbi- 
 teUo, beside Port Hercules. Andrew Doria, with 20 galleys, has 
 sailed from Genoa against him. [Two pages.] 
 
 103. Sir Thomas Smith to Sir William Paget, Comptroller of the 
 Household. Cannot learn what they mean by keeping them here 
 longer, as at every meeting all seems concluded. Imparts to him at 
 great length his views as to the necessity for imposing restrictions 
 in order to preserve the trade of the English merchants. 
 
 104. Balthasar Alterius to the Lord Protector. Incloses intelli- 
 gence from the Roman Court {missing]. The French Kinw will 
 
26 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1548. 
 
 Aii>f. IG. 
 Antwerp. 
 
 Aug. 26. 
 
 Venice, 
 
 Sept. 12. 
 Kiinigiberg. 
 
 Eod. dip. 
 
 Sept. 14. 
 Kiinl/iBberg. 
 
 Sopt. IG. 
 Jjouvain. 
 
 Nov. I. 
 I.<.ii(li)n. 
 
 Mir.nv. 
 
 come to Turin on the 1 5th inst., -with very few horsemen, merely to 
 look at the place, and tlien will return. 
 
 105. William Dansell to Sir Francis Fleming, Lieutenant of the 
 King's Majesty 'h Ordnance, ur to Mr. A. Anthony, Clerk of the saDie 
 at tho Tower. Mentioning his having shipped certain stores (therein 
 
 enumerated) under this mark\|/, which he will please to receive for 
 his Majesty's use, and give an acknowledgment therefor. Can sup- 
 ply his Majesty with a considerable quantity of saltpetre at seven 
 crowns and a hnlf, or very near tliereabout. [One pagei\ 
 
 106. Balthasar Alterius to the Lord Protector. Incloses inteUi- 
 gence from the Roman Court {miaai/ncf). The King of France ia still 
 at Turin, but it is said will depart shortly, not without some small 
 diminution of his fame, his advent having been compared to the 
 mountain in labour. Ferdinand Gonzaga lately visited him and 
 soon left. Thinks the King will remain longer to await the arrival 
 of the Prince of Spain in Italy, that he may receive a reply from 
 them, whom he has sought by many promises to accede to his 
 purpose. This is the more likely, if it be that the Doke of 
 Vendome is shortly expected at Mantua, and thereafter at Venice. 
 [Owe page^ 
 
 107. Albert, Marquis of Brandenburg, to the Lord Protector. 
 Credentials of Wolhard Count Mansfeldt. [Latin. Broadside.] 
 
 Same to Sir William Paget. Duplicate of the preceding. [Latiiu 
 Broad.-^ide.] 
 
 1 08. Albert, Marquis of Brandenburg, to King Edward VI. In 
 favour of Wolhard Count Mansfeldt, who desires to enter into his 
 Majesty's service. [LatuK Broadside.] 
 
 109. Sir Philip Hoby to the Lord AdmiraL Had not written 
 since his arrival here, as his Lordship would know what was going 
 on by his letters to the Lord Protector. Mandates the Emperor's 
 late proceedings in the matter of the Intfvitn, and his being repulsed 
 at the attack on Constance, in which Don Alonzo Vives was slain. 
 The Emperor left on the 13th for Ulni, where he remained only 
 five (sic) days ; ia now here, and after 1 or 1 2 days it is thought 
 will go to the Low Countries. The Bishop of Rome, nothing satis- 
 fied with the Emperor's proceedings in these matters of ivligion, 
 refuses to ratify tlu^m. The French King is at T\irin, and his abode 
 tliere is regarded with suapit'ion by this Court. Conspii-acy to slay 
 Don Fernando (Gonzaga) discvnered. [Tim jktges and a half. 
 PriulM by Tytlrr, Vol. !., p. 125,] 
 
 110. Sir John Masono to the Lord Protector. Details his unsatis- 
 factoiy interview with tlie Kroncli Amlm.ssndor in regaixi to some 
 French priHoncrs sent from Cniilorbury to London, at the escape of 
 wliom tlie Ainl)aHHador had ('0iiiiiv(>d, [Tiro ptii/ca und a half.] 
 
 111. William l)uko of ISnniswiuk to King Edward Y I. Letters 
 ol' Crr(lon('(! for Sir John Steinbcrgh and Peter Heinrichon his Privy 
 Councillors. 
 
 vy 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 27 
 
 Antwerp. 
 
 154S. 
 
 112. The Lord Protector to Dr. Wotton. Details a conference 
 between his Grace and the French Ambassador, wherein the Pro- 
 tector asserted the King's right to the supremacy of Scotland, and 
 offered to prove it by the production of national records and docu- 
 ments, showing the homages and services done by the Kings of 
 Scotland, under their own seals and those of the prelates and cities 
 of that kingdom, &c. Sends copy of a compilation of these autho- 
 rities, and copies of some of the documents, desiring Dr. Wotton to 
 submit them to the French King and his Council. [Three pages 
 and a half; much injured by damp. Draft, autograph of Secre- 
 tary Petre.} 
 
 A clean copy of the preceding, taken from the Spotch papers. 
 [Three pages.] 
 
 i ,)i8-9. 
 
 Jan. 4. 113. The Magistrates of Antwerp to the Lord Protector and the 
 
 (Brabant style.) Council. Their intervention has been besought by James Van 
 Maseyck and Hubert Calnwaert, their fellow-citizens, in behalf of 
 their partner and other fellow-citizen, William Van Eertwyck, who 
 has been arrested in London, and is in danger of his life for having 
 in his possession letters of licence from his Majesty, ascertained to 
 be forged, but which he purchased in ignorance thereof for the 
 sum of 100 pounds of Flanders money from Bernard Kubiis, public 
 money-lender here. Send herewith certified copies of the judicial 
 proceedings against the said Bernard Rubiis, and requesting that suit 
 against Eertwyck may be stayed, &c. [Latin. One page.] 
 
 1 14. Count Ludovico Kangone to the Earl of Warwick. A mere 
 complimentary epistle, offering continuance of his services. [Italian. 
 Half a page.] 
 
 Jan. 7. 115. Batoryk [Borthwick ?] to the Lord Protector. Refers to 
 
 Antwerp. some marriage and exchange of property. The French king makes 
 certain preparations for the defence of Scotland. Propounds a plan 
 for eradicating Papismus by transferring the Kirklands to gentle- 
 men's hands. Intends to depart to-morrow, and to get favourable 
 letters from the King of Denmark to the French King to deliver the 
 gentlemen of the castle of St. Andrew's according to the promise 
 made to them by the Prince of Capua. [One page and a half. 
 Much effaced by damp.] 
 
 Jan. 10. 116. The Emperor Charles V. d notre tres chier et bien ame 
 Brussels. Messire Ouillme Paget, Chev de lordre et Contreroler d'Angleterre. 
 Credentials of M. Francis Vanderdilst, his Ambassador, on resuming 
 his functions in England. [One page.] 
 
 Jan. 17. 117. Same to King Edward VL Supporting the claims of certain 
 Awgsburg, citizens of Lubeck for the value of a vessel impressed by King 
 
 Henry VIII. during his war with the French King, and for which 
 
 indemnity had been promised. [Oiie page.] 
 
 Jan. 20. 118. Instructions for John Dymook sent to the Duke of Lunen- 
 burg, the Count of Oldenburg, and others, for the purpose of levying 
 more soldiers under Courtpening. His Majesty offers to bestow on 
 
 Jiui. 6. 
 Cremona. 
 
28 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1548-9. 
 
 Jan. '2k 
 Bremen. 
 
 Jan. 25. 
 
 Brussels. 
 
 Jan. 31. 
 
 Feb. 23. 
 I'aris. 
 
 March 2. 
 Uarburg. 
 
 the Duke and the Count a pension of 1,500 crowns each, and has 
 taken the son of the former into his sei-vice, and to be trained in his 
 Court, with a pension of 500 crowns. [Sixteen pages. Draft.] 
 
 II!). The Souate of Bremen to King Edward VI. Their reply 
 has been communicated in writing to John Brend, his Majesty's 
 Ambassador. They will take care that none of their citizens shall 
 supply the Scots with munitions or provisions ; reserving, however, 
 their traffic with Ireland. Request the loan for a few years of 6,000 
 or 6,000 talents sterling. [Latin. One page.] 
 
 120. Emanuel Philibert, Prince of Piedmont and Duke of 
 Savoy, to the Lord Protector. Recommends the bearer, Aleram, son 
 of Boarel, Marquis d'Ancise, one of his vassals, who desires to be 
 employed in the service of the King of England. [French. Broadside.] 
 
 121. Caspar de Figueredo, Portuguese Ambassador, to the same. 
 Complains that a person from whom he had hired a house will 
 not give him possession, and requests his Grace's interference. 
 [Latin. On^page.] 
 
 122. Dr. Wotton to the same. On the 1st of this month the 
 French Queen was brought a-bed of a fine boy. Hears that the 
 King of Portugal, the Duke of Ferrara, and the Queen Dowager of 
 Scotland are to be his sponsors ; and that the King has sent expressly 
 to the Emperor and the Bishop of Rome to intimate the birth. Monluc, 
 who it is said is to be President of the Council in Scotland, has not 
 yet left. M. de Thermos is here also, but reported as soon to go to 
 Scotland, and M. d'Essu is to come home. Divers captains come out 
 of Provence for Scotland. Pietro Strozzi is at the Court agaia 
 Hears that the French King has news of the safe arrival of the 
 Provenceaux in Scotland, and that in the beginning of next March 
 2,000 more men are to be sent there. It is said that Berwick, which 
 they reckon easy to be won, is to be besieged the first thing this 
 year. Hears that the French King has renewed a league with the 
 Swiss. Of late has been a great fray in this Court, connected witli 
 the rival claims of the families of De la Val and Andelot to the 
 inheritance of certain estates, the particulars of which he gives at 
 length. Had on the 11th received his Grace's letter of the 3d insi 
 Fitzgarret being stUl about the Court, the beai-er of this, Henry 
 King, brought the priest to him ; what they have done and how 
 they have sped, they can best declare to his Grace, Had spoken 
 with Fitzgarret at his earnest desire ; if his tongue and his heart 
 agree, he is most anxious to return home. Trusts that his convei-sa- 
 tion with him may have somewhat eoiifirmed him in that purpose, 
 and he would fain it might be very shortly, for sucli causes as the 
 said priest c:an declare unto his Craoe. Fitzgarret himself says that 
 undoubtedly the French King sends another aid to Scotland next 
 month, and those that are to go are hasted to Brittany. [Three 
 ■/xiifx ; piirtlji inriphcv,^ dcriplifird. Printed by TytUr, except the 
 'jiorl.uni, in fi/ilirr, Vol. i., jk 1 ijO. | 
 
 ]2.']. Otlio, Duko of Brunswick and Lunenburg, to King Edward 
 VI. Returns thanks and gives assui-anoo of his constant fidelity. 
 [Three 2Mge3.] 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 29 
 
 1548-9. 
 
 March 6. 124. Conrad Pfenning to Comptroller Sir William Paget. For- 
 
 Hamburg. -wards to him for presentation the Duke of Brunswick's letter to his 
 
 Majesty. Mentions the execution of some French officers by order 
 
 of the Emperor, among them Sebastian Vogelsperger. [One page 
 
 and a half.} 
 
 March 16. 125. JohnDymockto the Lord Pi'otector. On his arrival found 
 Bremen. \}xe Duke of Lunenburg was absent and would not be back for 10 
 or 12 days. Could not see the Earl of Oldenburg until this day, 
 when he has been in hand with him for an annual pension of 1,200 
 crowns, desiring to save the King 300, and will have his reply 
 to-morrow. At present the Lords of Bremen can spare neither 
 ships nor mariners, because they have no peace with the Emperor, 
 and will have none unless they may remain by their religion ; and 
 of such mind are all these towns. Notwithstanding obstacles, he 
 has no doubt of procuring men enough, but he will require to enlarge 
 the King's purse by reason of the lightness of his Majesty's coin 
 and the evil reports of deaths among Courtpening's band for want of 
 food and fuel ; farther details concerning the same subject. The old 
 Earl of Mansfeldt's anxiety as to his eldest son, who has been serving 
 in England. Cannot get the 1,700 dollars due to the King by 
 Hendriek Kinkell and Christopher Coke, by reason of their gi'eat 
 losses, having had three or four ships burnt by the Imperialists, and 
 one in the King's service, &c. [Three pages.^ 
 
 March 20. 126. "M. Bernardine's Memoriall to Mr. Secretary." Julian 
 ArdingheUi, brother of th& Cardinal of that name, has brought cre- 
 dentials from Cardinal Farnese to the Cardinal of Trent, as mediator 
 for settling the differences between the Pope and the Emperor. The 
 Pope is well inclined, but must maintain the authority of the Holy 
 See. Don Ferrante continues to practise with the Orisons. It is 
 credibly reported that the Count Palatine and Marquis of Branden- 
 burg have promised to the Emperor to restore the religion. [Two 
 pages. Much injured.^ 
 
 March 20. 127. The Magistrates of Hamburg to the Lord Protector. Last year 
 llainburg. during the war, Bremer, master of a vessel bound for Scotland, laden 
 with English ale for the Lord High Admiral, had been overtaken by 
 a violent storm, wliich kept him nine months (sic) in the open sea 
 unable to reach either the English or Scottish coast, and at length on 
 approach of winter he was driven into the Elbe. The party who by 
 order of the Admiral freighted the vessel has written Bremer a very 
 harsh letter imputing to him blame for that which was inevitable. 
 The circumstances have been solemnly sworn to by Bremer and his 
 crew, and their depositions certified under the official seal. They 
 therefore request a safe conduct and royal warrant that he may 
 return with his ship to England ; and such money as can be got for 
 the ale, which has now become sour as vinegar, shall be faithfully 
 paid to the king's collectors. [Latin. Two pages and a half, a 
 portion of the first and last pages entirely obliterated by damp.] 
 
 March 24. 128. John Dymock to the Council. Has been requested by some 
 
 Hamburg. Lords of this city to introduce the bearer, who seeks redress for 
 
 articles taken from some merchants here by Sir Andrew Dudley, 
 
30 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 March 2 k 
 Hamburg. 
 
 1548-9. 
 
 whose note of hand bears that they were taken for the King's use. 
 Unless this is Keen to, does not see how he can procure any ships 
 for the King's service, so many similar grievances being complained 
 of. Enuniorates the artick's and the ships from which they have 
 been taken. [Two pcu/rn.] 
 
 129. John Dymock to the Lord Protector, The Earl of Olden- 
 burg will not servt^ for less than wliat he received from the French 
 King, viz., 2,000 crowns for himself, and the same sum for the 
 entertainment of 12 captains. Thinks the Earl of Mansfeldt and 
 his son have persuaded him to this. Had been to the Duke of 
 Brunswick at the castle of Harburg on the 18th ; after much per- 
 suasion he agrees to serve for 1,500 crowns. Determined opposition 
 to the Interim in these parts. Necessity for increaaing the pay of the 
 mercenaries. Question as to the transmission of horses and men to 
 England. The city of Wittenberg and castle of Turgo have been 
 delivered to King Ferdinand by Duke Maurice. [Four pages. 
 Partly printed by Tytler, Vol. i.,p. 161.] 
 
 1549. 
 March 25. 130. Same to the Lord Protector and the Council. As to the seizure 
 Hamburg, for his Majesty's use of a vessel laden with salt fish belonging to 
 some merchant of the Hanse Towns. [One page. Much defaced.] 
 
 March 28, 131. Same to same. Sends by a special messenger to ascertain 
 
 Hamburg, their pleasure on the various points contained in his letters of 16th 
 
 and 2^11 inst., and recapitulates at great length liis interviews and 
 
 negotiations as to supply of ships and men. [Six pages and a half.] 
 
 March 28, 132. Same to Sir William Petre, Chief Secretary to the King's 
 Hamburg. Majesty. Mentions his having written the several previous letters 
 to the Protector and Council, and giving, somewhat more briefly, 
 their respective contents. [Four pages.] 
 
 April 6. 
 
 Westminster. 
 
 April 1 1 . 
 
 ilrc'incri. 
 
 133. The Council to Sir Philip Hoby. Had received his letters 
 of 31st March and 1st and 2d April. Are much gratified by the 
 Emperor giving licence for soldiers to enter the King's service, his 
 evil taking of the Frenchmen passing through his pole, and his pro- 
 mises of support in case of any invasion by the French. Desire liim 
 to return their hearty thanks to the Emperor, and to ask if he will 
 permit some of the soldiers to pass by four, five, or six, fiie a fUf, by 
 land to Calais, where it is intended to eni]iloY them as occasion 
 serves. Also to thank Mons. D'Arras, Mous. Monfauoouet, Mons. 
 De Rie, the Ambassador from Florence, and otliera iiis Majesty's 
 good friends and willers. Desire him to explain the cause of the 
 wants of Boulogne and tlie disordei-s there, ^\■hich are now all settled. 
 Sliould liberty be given for tiie sohiiers to pass by land, he is 
 instantly to apprize Dymoek. if Captain Ventura will serve the 
 King on the same terms as other ItnJians, they arc willing to treat 
 with him for himself and 200 footmen. [Two ]>ag<\s\ Draft.] 
 
 1:M.. John l)ymo(^l< to Sir Piiilip Jloby, Knight and Ambassador 
 foi' tlu^ King's Majesty in tii(! Emperor's Court, Has received his 
 letter of tlie 2.".th Mareli. llaa done nil that in him lies with the 
 Lords of Bremen and Hamburg, but at no hand con have grajit for 
 
EDWAED VI. 31 
 
 1549. 
 
 ships or liberty to bring strange vessels into their ports, so as to 
 convey men to England. Has since then been to the Lady of 
 Embden with like want of success, so that he has been unable to 
 engage any soldiers, but he upholds tliem with good words until he 
 can ascertain the pleasure of the Council. All fear that after the 
 arrival of his son in Brussels the Emperor will attack these countries. 
 The Rhinegrave has laboured much by the King of Denmark with 
 the Lords of Hamburg and Bremen, and has threatened, that if 
 they allow any men to be conveyed out of their rivers, both the 
 King of Denmark and the French King will capture their ships 
 wherever they find them. By means of a merchant is to get four 
 great ships, which shall go to the Elbe and wait there 20 days 
 for whatever lading shall come aboard of them. Has also sent to 
 Amsterdam to freight other four ships in like manner. Within the 
 same space will see to collect his men, and with 20 small vessels 
 have them all taken aboard at one tide. Can have horsemen enough, 
 but their freight will be very chargeable ; besides they will not 
 serve under five dollars per diem for every horse and man. Requests 
 him to write to the Protector to arrange for his drawing upon some 
 merchant at Antwerp for 2,000Z. sterling to be repaid there, as he 
 fears he shall not have money enough to pay a whole month's wages, 
 bounty, and victualling the ships, which. wiU cost about 700i. or 
 8001. sterling. Farther financial details and suggestions. All the 
 cities and towns here are busy fortifying themselves. Hopes he 
 may come to a good end in this journey, as it is too weighty for one 
 man alone to compass these things. [^Three pages.^ 
 
 April 17. 1 35. The Council to Sir Philip Hoby, Knight and Ambassador for 
 [Westminster.] the King's Majesty in the Emperor's Court. Instructing him to com- 
 municate with the Emperor in regard to the suppression of a horde of 
 pirates some 20 sail strong, composed of lawless men of all nations, 
 who have been ravaging the coast of Ireland as well as spoiling some 
 of the Emperor's subjects. In regard of the subsidy to his Majesty 
 granted in the last Parliament, the subjects of the Emperor residing 
 in England shall be treated as heretofore they have been under 
 similar grants. [Three pages. Draft.'] 
 
 April 18. 136. John Dymock to the Lord Protector and the Council. Has 
 Hamburg, received their letters of 25th March and 1st Aprih The soldiers can- 
 not be conveyed to England in either of the ways which they pro- 
 pose. Neither can he get the ships for the Elbe, the Lords of Bremen 
 having had knowledge of his design and stayed them. Can devise 
 no manner of transport, unless they can have leave from the Emperor 
 for the men to pass through the Low Countries, or arrest as many 
 hoys on the Thames as will serve for the number of men, and send 
 them on the' Elbe or the Weser, when he will find means to ship 
 them. If they desire to keep Duke Otho's men in their service, they 
 must somewhat amend his son's living, or else help him out of debt 
 and let him return to his father, as 500 crowns are not sufficient 
 to maintain him in England. [Tvjo pages.] 
 
 April 20. 137. William Dansell to the Lord Protector. Sends packet from 
 
 Antwerp. John Dymock at Bremen, who desires itp instant despatch, and to 
 
 know whether Dansell has orders to supply him with money for the 
 
32 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1649. 
 
 April 24. 
 Ilnrburg. 
 
 April 25. 
 Greenwich. 
 
 April 27. 
 
 Hamburg. 
 
 April 20. 
 
 CIn cnwich. 
 
 May n. 
 
 King's service. Has provided such munitions as he had charge to 
 do ; and has acquired money sufficient to pay the King's debt, due 
 on 20th May, at 1 3 per ccnl., without taking any goods with it. 
 If more money bu wanted for his Majesty, he can procure to the 
 extent of 100,000?. for 14 per cent, without taking any wares with 
 it ; this is not overmuch, as the Emperor himself even to his own 
 subjects pays 15, 16, and often 18 ^Jer cent. [One jxxgre.] 
 
 ] 38. Jolm Dymock to the Lord Protector. Letter of credence for 
 Andries Ryenhorde, Chancellor to Duke Otho of Lunenburg, sent to 
 England upon business of his master. [One page.] 
 
 139. The Council to William Dansell. Have received hia letter 
 of the 20th, and replied to Dymock by the inclosed. Lazarus 
 Tucker has informed them by Bruno that he expects payment on 
 the 1 5th of May, the day on which the money is due, or else that 
 he sliall have notice before then that the King will take longer day; 
 wherefore desire him to arrange with Tucker for the continuance of 
 the loan at 12 per cent. Decline to borrow more at the per-centage 
 mentioned in lus letter, and show how the Emperor's financial ar- 
 rangements are made, in a manner very difierent from that of the 
 King's Majesty. [Two pages. Draft.'] 
 
 140. John Dymock to the Lord Protector and the Council. His 
 difficulties are entirely from want of ships, which if he had, his men 
 would be ready in ten days, and be embarked atone tide. Constant 
 trafficking goes on between the Kings of France and Denmark, the 
 Rhinegrave, and others. The post which he sent into Denmark to 
 Sir John Borthwick has returned bringing back his letters, as Sir 
 John had left the King's Court and gone to Sweden ; but he has 
 written to him by a post sent from the Lords of these cities to the 
 King of Sweden, and is in expectation daUy of a reply. Tlie King 
 of Denmark, being much ruled by his Councillors, who are all im- 
 perialists, will receive the Interim, and has written to the Lords of 
 Hamburg that they should do the like. It is reported that the 
 Duke of Wirtemberg has received the Interim, and his subjects 
 have raised against him 16,000 men, who carry a black ensign, 
 having on one side a crucifix and on the other a plough. Captain 
 Hackford lias sent to offer men on certain terms ; if they accept 
 them, they must order money to be sent from Antwerp. [Four 
 pages.] 
 
 141. The Council to William Dansell. Inform him that Charles 
 (1(1 Guevara, a Spaniard, has wigngod to conduct hither 100 hoi"se- 
 men, to be at Calais by the 7th nf June, and dosire him to advance 
 to the Haid Guevara a certain sum (li'l't blank), taking security for 
 its repayment in case! the contract sliall not bo fulfilled. Also to pay 
 to a certain Albanois in prest for him and other 30 Albanois an 
 amount (likewise left blank). [One page. Draft] 
 
 1 42, William DansoU to the Lord Protector. Had received his letter 
 yesterday and immediately lorwarded the inclosure for Dymock to 
 Hem. SeiidH by w'liedulo (missing) a. statement of the munitions 
 pui'cliasi'il liy him for the King's service. Details his negotiations 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 33 
 
 1549. 
 
 for money with Lazarus Tucker and Erasmus Schetz, the former of 
 whom is somewhat impracticable. [Two pages. Indorsed by Ban- 
 sell. Original copy signed by Lansell.] 
 
 Eod.die. Duplicate of the preceding. [Two pages and a half.] 
 
 May 5. 143. John Dymock to the Lord Protector and the Council. Has 
 
 Hamburg, this day their letter of the 13th ult., the bearer having been fruit- 
 lessly detained at Brussels. Will do his best to procure the full 
 number of 2,000 men, whom he will send by sea, having obtained 
 the good will of the Lords of Hamburg to embark them within seven 
 leagues of Hamburg, but they do not wish this to be known. 
 Desires to know his Majesty's pleasure whether those sent by land 
 shall remain at Boulogne and so on to Scotland, and whether the 
 others shall go by ship to Berwick or Boulogne, because he hears 
 that the French King will have to do with Boulogne this summer 
 with a great company, only that the Emperor do let him of his pass. 
 Brings with him a very good captain and a tall man as leader and 
 governor of these men, in case anything should happen to Court- 
 pening. Does not know what Courtpening means by allowing so 
 many soldiers to come away daily, as they do ; and those who come 
 give such evil report of him, that all are loth to serve under him. 
 Recommends that he and Mr. Brend should be written to. If his 
 Majesty wants 300 horsemen well appointed to come by water, 
 Anthonj' Rassow, Governor of one of Duke OUof of Holstein's towns 
 on the sea coast, will gladly serve on the same terms as Captain 
 Hackford has, and asks three French crown on every horse till he 
 arrives in England. Has paid Duke Otho of Lunenburg his half 
 year's pension. [Two pages.] 
 
 May 6. 144. Same to same. To the like effect, and almost in the same 
 
 [Hamburg.] terms as the preceding letter. Courtpening much complained of, 
 " for it is said that men there are more ordered like beasts than 
 Christians, both in the scarcity of victuals and payment." The 
 Duke of Holstein is named Hans, not OUof. [Three pages, consi- 
 derably injured.] 
 
 May 11. 145. Same to same. Has received their letters of the 25th April. 
 
 Hamburg. Because Sir Philip Hoby has only got passport for 500 men, Dymock 
 has the good will of the Lords here to wink at his embarking his 
 soldiers at Friburg, seven leagues hence. The name of the captain 
 who is to accompany them is Walderdon. Hackford is well known 
 here, and little esteemed but to be a great braggart. He has in his 
 company under him tbe Earl of Ritburgh, whom Dymock knows 
 very well to be a great mutineer ; for he served before Boulogne with 
 Eytel Wolff, and what ado he made there is not unknown to some 
 of their Lordships. Has this morning been sent for to Lubeck, by 
 one of the Lords there, because of the arrival at Holy-haven, eight 
 leagues distant therefrom, of a large Scottish ship, with much muni- 
 tion and 80 men and a Lord, who is now in Lubeck, and intends 
 to land all kind of munition for the wars. Wishes it were possible 
 to disappoint him, both of his ship and his goods, with the help of 
 the said Lords. [Two pages and a half] 
 
34 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 May 17. 
 Greenwich. 
 
 164.9. 
 May 16. 146. William Dansell to the Lord Protector. Incloses two packets, 
 Antwerp, one from Sir Philip Hoby, the other from Dymock. Had bar- 
 gained with Erasmus Schetz for money to pay off the claim of 
 Lazarus Tucker, who now, while the money is being received, 
 whether from malice to the other, a desire to serve the King, or 
 regard to his own profit, offers to lend his Majesty, at 13 per cent. 
 100,000 Carolus guilders = 50,000 ducats of gold; and has written 
 of this offer to his friend Bruno the inclosed letter {Tnissmg). 
 Desires to know his Grace's pleasure thereon. Has this day paid 
 Captain Charles Guevara 800 crowns of the sun = 25M. 68. 8d 
 sterling, for which he has received sufficient securities. Is offered 
 saltpetre for 46s. 8d. Flemish the hundred. Throckmorton and 
 Hi] Hard have been here, and gone to Louvaine ; since then have 
 been to Sir Philip Hoby, at Brussels, and in a day or two, as they 
 say, shall depart hence towards Calais. [Two pages.] 
 
 147. The Council to William Dansell. Expressing surprise that 
 they had received no reply to their letter respecting the exchange 
 and bargain of bullion with Lazarus Tucker ; stating that prejudi- 
 cial rumours relating to the transaction were prevalent in London, 
 and desiring to know what he has done, or can do, towards answering 
 the King's debt, due in September next. [One page. Copy.] 
 
 Two copies of the preceding. [Each of one page.] 
 
 148. William Dansell to Sir Thomas Smith, one of the King's 
 Majesty's two principal Secretaries. Although Lazarus Tucker had 
 positively refused to export <any buUion from the Emperor's domi- 
 nions, Dansell and a friend have purchased all the silver which he 
 had, and at their own risk had it safely deliyered in England. 
 Offers to supply an honest quantity at 6s. the ounce fine, by which 
 he will gain little or nothing, besides being exposed to great danger 
 and adventure. Hears that M. de Lyere has charge to furnish 40,000 
 German footmen and 6,000 horsemen to set on those of Hamburg 
 and Bremen. [One page.] 
 
 May 18. 149. Printed proclamation by the Emperor Charles V. against 
 Brussels, the rebels of Magdeburg. [German. Broadside] 
 
 Translation of the preceding in Latin. [Three pages.] 
 
 150. Obligation by King Edward VI. to repay to Lazarus Tucker, 
 of Antwerp, on 20th May 1560, the sum of 160,000 florins (each of 
 the value of 20 stivers). [Latin. Three pages. Gopy.] 
 
 151. Minute of Council to William Dansell. Inform him that 
 they have bargained with John Cooke for 600 quintals of salt- 
 j)otre, and 1,000 harquebuses, after the Italian sort. Direct him 
 to try the harqudbuses, and, if found good, to pay Cooke on their 
 arrival in Enfjland, as certified by Sir Michael Stanhope's letter 
 to Cooke. [One page^ 
 
 1 52. Minute from Sir Michael Stanhope to Cooke. According to 
 his letter of the 18th hivs moved the Protector, who directs that 
 payment for the saltpetre and harquebuses shall be made to him by 
 
 Bod. die. 
 
 May 17. 
 Antwerp. 
 
 [May 20?] 
 Greenwich. 
 
 May 25. 
 Greenwich. 
 
 May 25. 
 Greenwich. 
 
EDWARD Vr. 
 
 35 
 
 1649. 
 
 Mr. Dansell. Likewise for the " Colen cliffs/' according as his Grace 
 has -written for the demi-lances ; " those which be of the old form 
 will do no man service, no man here will wear them, and there- 
 fore it shall be but loss to send them." Farther, with reference to 
 the provision of bullion. [One page.] 
 
 May 25. 153. William Dansell to the Lord Protector. Is much grieved to 
 Antwerp, find by the letter of his Grace, sanctioned by the other Lords of the 
 Council, that his doings should have been taken in such ill part when 
 he considered himself rather entitled to thanks. Recapitulates his 
 dealings with Lazarus Tucker, as certified by his letter of the 
 3d inst., and enters into full explanations as to the supply of money 
 and delivery of the bullion purchased by Thomas Gresham and him 
 from Tucker for the advantage of the realm, in refutation of the 
 rumour in London alluded to in the Council's letter of the l7th. 
 Refers to his letter of the 17th. The prices of various kerseys, lead, 
 and bell-metal suggested to be sent, if the money payable in Sep- 
 tember is not to remain at interest for another year. The prices 
 asked by Cooke for the saltpetre and harquebuses are higher than 
 those for which the same are offered to Dansell. [Seven pages.] 
 
 Eod. die. Copy of the preceding. [Seven pages.] 
 
 May 26. 154. Same to Sir Thomas Smith. Sends copies of his letter 
 
 Antwerp, to the Lord Protector of yesterday's date ; of that censuring him 
 
 from the Council, and of his reply thereto. Defends himself from 
 
 the accusations made against him, and requests that his explanations 
 
 may be made known to their Lordships. [Two pages.] 
 
 May 29. 155. Same to same. Lazarus Tucker has had letters from Bruno 
 Antwerp, to the effect that the Lord Protector and Council would bargain 
 with him for money to be had at Frankfort, and to repay the same 
 with tin, lead, and bell metal here. Tucker is willing to lend his 
 Majesty 22,500i. or thereabouts at 12 per cent. Desires to know as 
 to the money due in September. Jf tin can be had for 50 shillings, 
 it might not be amiss to send some, as it sells for 52 here. The 
 price for kerseys cannot be stated, as people will not purchase unless 
 they see them, the qualities varying. [Two pages.] 
 
 May 30 or 156. [Sir Thomas Smith] to William Dansell. His Grace had 
 31.] asked why, if Dansell could supply goods cheaper than Cooke, had 
 
 Greenwich.] he not offered to do so before ? His Grace was scarcely pleased at 
 the evil handling of the bullion by him and Thomas Gresham, so 
 that the rumour of the great price was current before his Grace 
 knew what was done. Urges careful management for his Majesty's 
 interest, so that it may seem he is merely a factor lending. Knows 
 that his credit is better than that of any other, and dares say his 
 practice and acquaintance is as good as that of any other, so that 
 Smith can make no excuse for him when objections are made. [One 
 page. Draft.] 
 
 [May?] 157. Last page of some foreign intelligence, sine nota. Ludovico 
 
 BThou.i.i99.)L'Armi moreover writes that the Siennese will not receive within 
 
 their walls 600 Spanish infantry sent for their protection. Didacus 
 
 de Mendoza, formerly the Emperor's Ambassador at Venice, has set 
 
 C 2 
 
36 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1540. 
 
 out for Rome to exercise his functions as envoy. He will stay 
 some days in Sienna in order to settle affairs there by the Emperor's 
 authority. The Emperor is endeavouring to send 5,000 foot from 
 Spain to Italy, either dcsi^aiing or fearing war, or deeming Germany 
 not yet sufficiently subdued. [Latin. Quarter of a page.] 
 
 [May?] 158. Sir John Borthwick to Sir Tiiomas Smith. Sends him a 
 
 [Uoninurk.] Look called Saxo Grammaticus, who, considering his time, precels 
 all his contemporaneans and conteraneans in Latin tongue ; and 
 because he mentions England and Denmark aa two prosperous realms, 
 and has their origin, he had intended to have presented to the Lord 
 Protector for his Majesty. Seeing the time requires greater matters, 
 he will not perturb his Grace, but if Smith thinks it worthy to be 
 presented to his Lord's grace, desires him heartily to present tlie 
 same. " For I have one quotidian fever which is clepit in French 
 tongue faut d'argent, and remains in my living as testxido in concha, 
 in prayers calling to our Master Christ, Da nobis, Domine, infwnde 
 nobis, Domine. But it is known that Christ is verity and was 
 ever poor, and so shall sul sequaces be poor. Now I am come to 
 presta qu(BSumus, and more in his danger nor ever I was ; an my 
 good Lord's grace supply me not, my sickness will encrease and come 
 to the critical day." [One page^ 
 
 [May ?] 159. Same to same. Has inquii-ed at James Stewart's servant when 
 
 [Denmark.] Jng master was with Bertiewile [Borteville], but can learn nothing ex- 
 cept that they dined together at Mr. Comptroller's table one Sunday. 
 Knows nothing of his life since he came into England, but no man 
 knows 1 letter what he is than his kinsman the Earl of Lennox. Must 
 inform him that the King of Denmark's pursuivant has received one 
 letter to the King his sovereign, but he laments and says be has 
 brought letters twice to his Majesty and received notliing to help his 
 expenses. Has given him to understand that neither the Lord 
 Protector nor Smith knows thereof Has inquired as to the two 
 brothers Robert and Alexander Lockhart ; they are honest gentle- 
 men, and, as he believes, irreprehensible. His informant was the 
 King's servant. [One page.] 
 
 June 2. 160. Instructions for Sir William Paget sent to the Emperor 
 Charles V. With reference to continued amity, the marriage of the 
 Lady Mary with the Infanta of Portugal, the proceedings with 
 France, the Scottish war, &:c. [Twelve pages. Draft.] 
 
 IGl. Tiie Council to William Dansell. In rejily to his letter of 
 2r)th May, touching tiie offer of Lazarus Tucker for money to be 
 delivered at Frankfort, tiieir iiieaninj,' Mas not to pay him interest 
 for tlio same, but to oivc liiin boll-metal or lead for it, if he would 
 Hind word at what piice ho would take it If he will not advance 
 (^\(•(•pt uj)on iiitere.st, they arc not minded so to bixrgain with him. 
 (^(Misiire liim at considerable length in ret'erence to the bullion 
 Iransactioii, tlicre Nccniini; to bo discn-pnncies between his statement 
 and that of (ireHliam. Ai.,'ain jires.s, that in his negotiations for 
 silvirr lio will endeavour to get it in exchange for lead or bell-metal. 
 [Ikuo pages.] 
 
 June 3. 
 
 Griciiwicli. 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 37 
 
 154.9. 
 June 3. 
 
 Antwerp. 
 
 June 3. 
 Antwerp. 
 
 June 1 1. 
 
 Bichmond, 
 
 June 13. 
 
 Strasborg. 
 
 1G2. William Dfinsell to Sir Thomas Smith. Had on the 29th 
 ult. communicated the offer of Lazarus Tucker, who will not deliver 
 the money except here, or be repaid but in this town, and in ready 
 money only, refusing all kinds of merchandise, as lead, tin, or such 
 like. Desires to have a full answer thereon. Has this instant re- 
 ceived a letter from his Grace, and another from Smith containing 
 a cipher. His letter of the 2d of May relating to the bullion was 
 delivered to his Grace on the 6th, and he learns that it is in the 
 hands of Mr. Honyngs. To that letter, of which he had forwarded 
 to him a copy, he refers for vindication of himself Desires to 
 know his Grace's pleasure as to the payment of Cooke for the 
 saltpetre and harquebuses, which will amount to about 1,700^., 
 whether by exchange or otherwise ; also what order is to be taken 
 for payment of the money due in September. Hears that two 
 Cavdinals are coming hither from Rome to the Emperor, and that 
 two or three have gone, or will shortly go, to Rome from the French 
 King. [Two pages.'] 
 
 163. Same to the Lord Protector. Acknowledges his Grace's 
 letter as to payment of Cooke for the saltpetre ' and harque- 
 buses, and begs to be informed in what mode payment is to be 
 made. He has lately received for the King's use by order of his 
 Grace and the Council of the account of Sharrington 1,0501., and 
 will receive more between this and August. Of this he has already 
 made payments to Guevara, Schetz, &:c., so that he has not above 
 2001. remaining; wherefore the more reason to know as to the 
 payment of Cooke, and of the money due in September. [One 
 pa^e.l 
 
 164. The Council to "William Dansell. The greater part of his 
 letter of the 3d has been answered in letters presumed by this 
 time to have been received. If Lazarus Tucker will not let the 
 King have money except upon interest, leave it alone. If he can 
 repay the money due in September with the commodities of Eng- 
 land, so that the King may save the interest, he will do right good 
 service ; but if he cannot, let him endeavour to prevail that the 
 amount may remain for another year at the same interest. Should 
 they refuse, let him borrow the amount required at as low a rate 
 as he can against the time, that he may be able to repay the same 
 to save his Majesty's credit. Cooke is content to receive his money 
 in London, so that need not be cared for. Are surprised that he 
 should now offer to supply at a lower price than Cooke ; ought to 
 have seen to this in the first instance ; beg him henceforward to 
 espy where the King can be best and most cheaply served, as he 
 knows his Majesty has need. [One page. Draft] 
 
 165. Christopher Mount to the Lord Protector. Since he wrote on the 
 16th of May has been informed by letters from Wittenberg, that, at a 
 meeting of his own and his brother Augustus' subjects, Duke Maurice 
 harangued the preachers, urging them to increased zeal in religion. 
 His opinion of Maurice. Great anxiety in these parts as to the 
 Emperor's movements. The Council of Mentz is ended, but its deci- 
 sions are not yet published. Recently heard that the French King 
 
38 
 
 FOllEIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1549. 
 
 June 15. 
 Antwerp. 
 
 June 23. 
 Brussels. 
 
 June 24. 
 
 Brussels. 
 
 June 24. 
 Brussels. 
 
 was pressing Count Christopher of Oldenburg for the transmission 
 thither of 10,000 foot in defence of Scotland, on account of the faci- 
 lities aifordcid by the Weser. The Count is a brave and veteran 
 soldier, much hated by the Emperor, because in the war he led 
 20 companies of foot and 1,000 horse on the Protestant side. 
 Does not think he would forfeit hit reputation by any act against 
 England ; nevertheless, as that class of men are for the most part 
 mercenary and greedy, he will, should the Protector wish it, visit 
 the Count, accompanied by Bernard de Mela, who is the Count's 
 most intimate friend, and do his utmost to dissuade him from such a 
 step. The general opinion is that a league will be efl'ected between 
 the Swiss and the French, but the people of Zurich and Berne will 
 not consent unless those who profess the same religion with them 
 are protected against persecution. The French King will doubtles.s 
 promise everything, but will perform according to the Pope's 
 pleasure and discretion. The aforesaid people of Zurich and Berne 
 openly declare that they will not fight against the English. Many 
 Spaniards go to Italy through Switzerland, discharged, as they say, 
 by the Emperor for eight months. [Two pages. Latin.] 
 
 1 66. WiUiam DanseU to Sir Thomas Smith. Having received no 
 answer to his letters touching the offer by Lazarus Tucker and the 
 payment of the money in September, is desirous of knowing the 
 Lord Protector's pleasui'e thereon, especially as the time draweth on. 
 The troops raised by Captain Hugford [Hackford] and Guevara have 
 foiir days since been arrested at Bruges by command of the Em- 
 peror and the Queen. Those of Hugford are released, or shortly will 
 be ; but doubts as to those of Guevara, the matter being taken very 
 grievously, because as he is informed, Guevara, who is presently in 
 prison at Bruges, had allured some of the Emperor's retinue here, 
 as well as five or six of the guard of the Duke of Saxony and other 
 such, without licence, whereat the Emperor and Queen are much 
 offended. Mr. Hoby has probably already advised more fully of this 
 matter. Desires to know the Lord Protector's pleasure whether he 
 shall forthwith call upon Guevara's securities for the 800 crowns 
 advanced to him, or wait to see how they intend to proceed with 
 him. [Two pages.] 
 
 167. Sir William Paget to the Lord Protector. Acknowledges 
 the letters from his Grace and the Council, and, as instructed, will 
 set forth that the French King reserves the greatest part of his 
 forces at home in expectation of the Empei'or's deatli, and will 
 attend to the matter of the Count Rangone. [One page.] 
 
 1 68. Same to Sir William Petre, and in his absence to Sir Thomas 
 Smith, the King's Majesty's two principal Secretaries. Requests 
 minuto and explicit directions on several points of the instructions 
 given to him in regard of the confirmation of treaties with the 
 States. Desires to have " a quick despatch for these folks here ; as 
 they use no delays, so they look for speedy answers." [Two pages.] 
 
 Copy of the preceding in modern hand. 
 
 169. Same and Sir Philip Hoby to the Lord Protector. The 
 Comptroller (Paget) arrived on Wednesday the 19th. His agree- 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 39 
 
 1549. 
 
 June 25. 
 
 Copenhagen. 
 
 June 26. 
 Brussels. 
 
 June 27. 
 ^twerp. 
 
 able reception by the officers of state. Had with Hoby audience 
 of the Emperor on Saturday the 22d, being escorted to Court by 
 Mons. de Bossut, le Grand Ecuyer, with a large retinue. Details 
 their conference with the Emperor, and that of the following day 
 with Granvelle, at both of which many professions of continued 
 amity ; and gives very ample particulars of the conversation be- 
 tween Granvelle and Paget as to the suggested marriage between 
 the Princess Mary and the Infanta of Portugal. Had also been 
 with the Queen of Hjangary and been equally well received. {Sixteen 
 pages. Autograph of Paget'] 
 
 170. Francis Wegener, a native of Flensburger-Wick, to Christian 
 King of Denmark. Complains that on three successive occasions he 
 has been robbed by the English. First, a week before the Feast of 
 St. John in 1548, his ship had been plundered of all its freight and 
 provisions by the English at Rye, who treated his Majesty's letters 
 of safe-conduct with contempt. Secondly, in the same year, a week 
 before Michaelmas, when conveying some English soldiers from 
 Hamburg to London, he requested from them permission to trade 
 in England, and the English captain, Demack [Dymock], informed 
 him and his crew that they might go whither they pleased. With 
 this permission, and the safe-conduct of his Majesty, he sailed to 
 Daveren and Boen [Dover and Boulogne?], and on his arriving 
 there, his ship was thoroughly plundered by the Dover men, and 
 one of his comrades slain by a gun-shot. Thirdly, after Whit- 
 sunday this year, being shipwrecked off Scotland, he purchased 
 there a ship of a hundred lasts, as they term it, and making for 
 Dantzic was a third time attacked by the English, who took the 
 vessel and all its contents, together with his letters of safe-conduct, 
 and more than fifty pieces of gold, turning him and his crew adrift 
 almost naked. Implores his Majesty for assistance to obtain 
 redress, without which he and his will be reduced to complete 
 beggary. [Latin. Two pagres.] 
 
 171. Sir William Paget to Sir Thomas Smith. William Dansell 
 has been with him, much dismayed by the letters sent to him from 
 England. Has thoroughly vindicated himself in the matter of the 
 bullion. Much injustice has been done to him by the CouncU ; 
 such a letter as that written to Dansell was the death of one of the 
 properest men that ever served the Kiag abroad, as Lord South- 
 ampton knows right well, namely Hutton, whom the Lord Cromwell 
 upon an untrue information stroke to the heart and killed him, that 
 he lived not three days merrily after. Admonishes them to better 
 treatment of their agents. " A kind heart meaning truly, is easily 
 with unkindness undeserved soon despatched. Wherefore when 
 Princes be in sudden heats, and specially without certain ground, 
 we Secretaries must temporize the matter with terms convenient, 
 for else no man can be able to serve abroad." \Two pages.] 
 
 172. William Dansell to same. By order of his Grace has 
 paid 250 French crowns of six shillings and fourpence each to 
 Garret Fitzgarret, who says he will leave this for Calais next 
 morning. Not having received the kerseys, lead, and bell-metal for 
 which he had written, has been un^rble to bargain with them for 
 
40 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1.1 19. 
 
 June 27. 
 Paris. 
 
 June 28. 
 Copenhagen. 
 
 June 30. 
 Brussels. 
 
 June 30. 
 Oruasels. 
 
 the 9,000^., but shall in default of other remedy take it up for another 
 yc;ii- as profitably a.s possiblo. Complains energetically and at, 
 iiHuli l('iij,'th of the letters which he has received in regard to the 
 bullion, j^nvii^c very ainjjle explanations thereon. Can have 120,000i, 
 Flemish for 12 pfv cent., takint^ with it 30,000 ballets of wood and 
 other mcruliiuuliso. If informed what munitions and artillery are 
 wiuited, doubts not to be able to supply his Majesty on as favour- 
 ablo terms as any other can do. [Three pages and a Jud/.] 
 
 173. Dr. Wotton to the Lord Protector. On Wednesday the 
 2{;th, dining with the other Ambassadors at the Due d'Aumale's, 
 had met the Constable who informed him that the King his master 
 had appointed as commissioners for the conservation of amity 
 Mons. de la Rochfort, M. de la Chastillon, and M. du Mortiera 
 Told the Constable that as the King of England would not nominate 
 any of his ministers of the frontiers, he hoped the French King 
 would in like manner name indifferent people. Details their con- 
 versation at length. Does not for certainty know the fate of 
 M. du Biez, who has been taken back to Melun ; some say he was 
 brought to Paris to be degraded from the order, and that done, 
 death to be commuted for perpetual imprisonment; others, that 
 sentence is not yit given. [2'wo pages and a half.^ 
 
 174. Christian King of Denmark to King Edward VI. Inclose 
 the letter and complaint of Francis Wegener, and requests that 
 
 justice may be done in his regard. Besides the losses specified by 
 Wegene?-, (lie greater part of the property stolen belonged to George 
 Rantzow, his Majesty's principal Sewer {aulm architrinus). Re- 
 monstrates with dignity on tlie treatment experienced by his subjects 
 and the contemptuous indifference shown to his letters of safe- 
 conduct. [Latin. Broadside^ 
 
 17"!. Sir William Paget to Sir William Petre, or, in his absence, 
 to Sir Thomas Smith. Requests their good services in procuring him 
 speedy and certain replies from the Protector, and that they will 
 return to him by the bearer (whose expenses to and fro are paid), a 
 copy of his letter of the 24th inst. Has had news by Antwerp of 
 great masteries by the English troops in Scotland, and from France, 
 that Vervins has been beheaded and De Biez sentenced to be drawn 
 in four quarters, but a pardon is lioped for. Also that 16,000 Swiss 
 are being brought into France. The cipher wherein he ^v^ites is 
 that of Hoby. [One page.'\ 
 
 176. Same to the Lord Protector. Desires to know his Grace's 
 pleasure as to his manner of proceeding in his mission to the 
 Emperor, which is divisible into two branches ; the first to have the 
 former treaty conliniied, the second to enjjnijfo him witli them in 
 war with France. If the Emperor agrees to tlio formei', Ids friend- 
 sl)ip may l)(! relied ujion ; and if ho will accept Boulogne into defence, 
 as offered on tiM-ins of reiusonablo rocijirocity, then, considering its 
 ])res(!rit doubtful position in regard to an attack, and as he is 
 apparently detcriiiined to fall out with the French in regard of his 
 own affairs, he is sure to do ,yo though England should not move 
 therein. According to his conduct his Graco will know how to aci 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 41 
 
 1549. 
 
 June 30. 
 Brussels. 
 
 July 1. 
 Ix>uvaio, 
 
 Eod. temp. 
 
 July 3. 
 
 Brussels. 
 
 July 4. 
 Biclunond. 
 
 It is enough if he agrees to defend Boulogne ; there will be no need 
 for moving a mutual invasion ; but if he will not except upon con- 
 dition of mutual invasion, rather consent than let slip tlie anchor hold. 
 Desires to know his Grace's pleasure as to the matter of the marriage, 
 since he notes " that hitherto they have given us leave to make all 
 overtures in all points, and they only give never." As the Emperor 
 is advancing now in age and desires to ride easily, suggests that 
 his Grace should, by the Lord Cobham, present him on his coming 
 to Gravelines with six hackneys of mean stature going safely, four 
 in the King's name and four in that of his Grace, which will be 
 very kindly taken. " Sometimes such trifles stir more occasions of 
 friendships than greater matters or practices do." [Three pages. 
 Partly dplier, deciphered.] 
 
 177. Sir William Paget and Sir Philip Hoby to the Lord Protector. 
 Give an account of their conference on the 26th with Mons. d'Arras 
 and S. Maurice and Viglius, the two Presidents of the Council, when 
 they partly considered the former treaty and had animated discussion 
 on several of the Articles, particularly in relation to the jurisdiction 
 of the Privy Council and the Admiralty, and the ratification of 
 treaties by Parliaments. [Seven pages and a half.} 
 
 Copy of the preceding in modern hand. [Seven pages.] 
 Another copy in the same hand. [Six pages.] 
 
 178. "The tryumphante and joyffoull income given and granted 
 unto the Dukedome off Brabandt by the Lordes off the lande and 
 confyrmed by thempereur Charles the ffyfthe, and by hys sonne 
 Philippe Kynge off Spayne solempnellye sworne." A translation of 
 the deed of formal recognition by the States of Philip as their future 
 sovereign. [Fifty-two pages.] 
 
 Extract of the preceding, being the 5th clause as to the Council 
 and custody of the seal of Brabant. 
 
 179. Sir "William Paget and Sir Philip Hoby to the Lord Pro- 
 tector. Introducing Signor Malatesta de Rimini, who has lately 
 been put from his living and forced to forsake his country by the 
 Bishop of Rome, and now desires to serve his Majesty with some 
 convenient number of men. Although they have informed him that 
 at present his services will not be required, yet being so near to 
 England, after having come so far from home, he wishes at least to 
 kiss his Majesty's hand. [One page.] 
 
 180. The Council to Sir "William Paget. Had received his letters 
 of the 24'th and 30th ult. Commend him for having laid a good 
 foundation and well entered the matter with the Emperor and his 
 Council. Touching a joint invasion, they had only yesterday heard 
 from France of the appointment of the Commissioners on the boun- 
 dary question, and as although for all the fine words used, they think 
 nothing will come out of it, they think he should forbear to move in 
 the matter ; but if the Emperor's Council should speak therein let 
 him give ear thereto, and talk by such means and after such sort as he 
 shall think best to feel and suck out their disposition. For sundry 
 
42 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1549. 
 
 Eod, die. 
 
 July 5. 
 Louyain. 
 
 Eod, die. 
 
 July 5. 
 Copenhagen. 
 
 July 6. 
 
 Lubuck. 
 
 July 8. 
 Antwerp, 
 
 causes also he mil forbear pressing the comprehension of Boulogne. 
 Could wish the covenant as to joint invasion reduced from 8,000 to 
 500 (file) men. As the treaty on the King's part must be ratified 
 by Parliament, which cannot be assembled before All Hallowtide at 
 soonest, let him agree to Candlemas as the time for mutual confir- 
 mation of the treaties. In tlie matter of the marriage, he must 
 regulate his offers by those made on the part of the Infanta of 
 Portugal, but in no way to exceed 1 00,000 crowns ; if they speak no 
 more of it, let him pass it likewise over in silence. Instruct him 
 closely to fish out their views in regard to a bargain of Boulogne. 
 The late stirs in Essex, Kent, Hampshire, and Devonshire have been 
 renewed, but are nearly suppressed ; as the French are accustomed 
 slanderously to divulge and spread these small tumults, think it 
 right he should know the facts. During the absence of their ships 
 and many of the men appointed to attend on Mr. Cotton on another 
 exploit, the island of Inchkeith which he had captured has been re- 
 taken by the Scots, with all the ordnance planted thereon. Think 
 good to signify this also to him, because the French will (after 
 their accustomed manner) blow much abroad. [Twelve pages. 
 Draft.] 
 
 Copy of the preceding in modern hand. [Six pages.] 
 
 181. " Coppie of the othe made by the Emperour Charles and 
 King Philip at the investing and accepting of him in the Low 
 Countries, contayned in the booke of theyr privileges, intituled Den 
 Blyen incompst, which is to saye. The Joyfull Entrie, cap. 58." 
 [Two pages.] 
 
 Another copy of the preceding. [Two pages.] 
 
 182. Albert Johansen, Consul of Calenberg, and others to [Chris- 
 tian King of Denmark]. Complaining of the repeated piratiad 
 attacks of the English and Scots, not only in British seas and ports, 
 but in those of his Majesty,— of which, and their respective los.ses, 
 they inclose a specific schedule ; and requesting that his Majesty 
 will take the necessary steps for protecting them and obtaining 
 redress. Further, until such is obtained, requesting that his Majesty 
 will cause all British ships in his ports to be detained, or permit 
 them to adopt measures of retaliation. [Latin. Thi-ee |xi<;c.<.] 
 Inclosing, 
 
 182. I. Querelce subditoruvi DanicB." In this they state 
 
 where, when, J>i/ whom, and of what ihey have been in- 
 jured and plundered; and which they oi"c ready to affirm 
 by oath. [Latin. Three pages.] 
 
 183. The Magistrates of Lubeck and Deputies of the Hanse Towns 
 to King Edward VI. Crcilcntinls of George Kenienor, procurator for 
 the own(!rH of the Mary of Lubook, which had been plundered by 
 Robert Sentleg(M-, who proceeds to England in pursuit of justice. 
 [Latin, Broadside on vellum.] 
 
 184. William DanscU to Sir Thomas Smith. Since his last letter 
 has had an oflTer of 100,0001. at 13 2>er cent, for one year, without 
 taking merchandise. Desires to know whether he shall accept thi« 
 offer ; " douljts not but to get it better cheap." [One page.] 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 43 
 
 1549. 
 July 8. 
 Brussels. 
 
 July 10. 
 Copenhagen. 
 
 July 12. 
 
 Aloste. 
 
 185. Sir William Paget to Sir William Petre. Received his letter 
 by Francisco last night. Is like to have here but a cold journey, for 
 although he has sent five times for a reply to the late conferences, he 
 is put off with fair words, and the Emperor has gone to Louvain, 
 whence he will return to-morrow, proceeding in a day or two to 
 Ghent. Thinks to return shortly for any great matter he has to do 
 here, but such as is likely to be soon concluded, namely the coufir- 
 mation of the treaty, the other points of his instructions being 
 defalked. Regrets being restrained from proceeding farther in the 
 matter of Boulogne. Is much distressed by the rumour of things at 
 home, which he hears in every man's mouth, and to which he knows 
 not what to say, because he knows them to be true, and they are 
 much better known here, he fears, than they are at the Court, " and 
 that not by Frenchmen, but by these countrymen and our own good 
 nation." Wishes to know whether he shall speak farther of Boulogne, 
 and whether he shall, " on the conclusion of the confirmation return 
 home if they speak nothing more, or else remain here still like a 
 cipher in algorism." Requests a reply by the bearer his servant, or 
 else by Fletcher, whom he has desired to return to him within two 
 or three days. As to the appointment of judges for determiuing 
 marine causes, he will follow the instructions already received, unless 
 directed to the contrary in the next letter. Requests the Chancellor 
 of the Duchy to be good to his servant Palmer, ranger of the chase 
 for the maintenance of the King's game withiu his charge under that 
 department. [Two pages.] 
 
 186. Christian King of Denmark to King Edward VI. The com- 
 plaints of his subjects, in regard to the treatment which they experi- 
 ence from the English, increase daily more and more. Regrets to find 
 that both by letter and legation he has brought these before his Ma- 
 jesty in vain. Incloses the representation of some of his subjects, and 
 requests that satisfaction may be given and orders issued hy procla- 
 mation or otherwise, to prevent simUar outrages. The Scots have 
 also been warned. Points out the consequences should such piratical 
 acts be persisted in. [Latin. Two pages and a half^ 
 
 187. Sir WiUiara Paget and Sir Philip Hoby to the Lord Protector. 
 Fifteen days having elapsed since their last conference with D'Arras, 
 Paget sent last night to Granvelle intimating his intended departure, 
 and desiring to know if he could be of any service to him in England. 
 Granvelle being confined to bed, tormented with pains in his legs, 
 requested him to visit him at eight o'clock this morning, at which 
 interview he sought to explain the delay by the Emperor's having 
 been much letted by matters of importance in settKng his son in 
 those countries, disclaiming aU unkindness or indifference towards 
 the King of England, and stating that the Emperor wished Paget 
 to meet him at Ghent, whither he would be on Sunday night at 
 farthest. Details at much length their conversation, in the course of 
 which Granvelle emphatically assured him of the Emperor s regard 
 for his Majesty, of the warning which he had given to the French, 
 and sundry times recommended England to look to their afiairs this 
 year, and thereafter to doubt not to have assistance of friends. His 
 talk was marvellously frank, but words cannot please except some 
 
44 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1549. 
 
 July 12. 
 Liibeck. 
 
 July 13. 
 Ghent. 
 
 July 14. 
 
 July 16. 
 
 Copenhagen. 
 
 (locds follow. The rumours of doings in England are more and 
 more. [Niiifl )iti<j<is.] 
 
 Copies of the preceding and of the letters to the Protector of 24th 
 and 30th Juno. [Twelve ixujes.'] 
 
 188. The Deputies of theHanse Towns and Magistrates of Lnbeck 
 to King Edward VI. Acknowledge his Majesty's letter relative to 
 complaints made by some of his suVyects against those of Dantzic, to 
 the Council of wliich city they had referred the whole subject. 
 Joint commissioners will be sent to inquire into the matters. [Latin. 
 BroLuhidc on vellu'm.'] 
 
 1 89. Sir William Paget to Sir William Petre, or, in his absence, to 
 Sir Thomas Smith. Thanks him for his letter, and requests that as 
 his own time may be occupied, lie will cause his clerk to write of the 
 doings in England ; letters being sent to Masone will be forwarded 
 by the ordinary post to Calais, between which and Ghent there is 
 daily communication. Longs to hear that matters are appeased ; 
 which sentiment of anxiety is felt by the greatest here. Granvelle had 
 touched on the subject and recommended to the Protector the same 
 firmness exercised by the Emperor in these quarters with the sword 
 of justice in his band. Begs to hear how the enterprise at Aberlady 
 goes on, having had an inkling that the enemy h;is either taken or 
 has a design to take it. [One page and a half. Quoted by Tytler, 
 Vol.i.,p. 183.] 
 
 190. Tlie Council to Comptroller Sir William Paget If the 
 question as to marine causes shall be mooted again, he is to covenant 
 that such shall be judged not by two of the Privy Council, but 
 generally two of the Council ; for so may they be more easily heard 
 and as well provided for as if two of the Privy Council were named 
 to the same. Should they talk again of the comprehension of Bou- 
 logne, he may proceed in terms of his former instructions ; but if 
 the subject is not revived, he shall pass it over in silence, and as 
 soon as he has concluded the satisfaction of the treaty return at his 
 convenient leisure. [One page and a half. Draft] 
 
 191. Christian King of Denmark to King Edward VI. Acknow- 
 ledges his Majesty's letter of the 6th instant, wherein, professing 
 amity, he complains that the Danish merchants supply his enemies 
 with warlike subsidies. Refers to the treatment of his own sub- 
 jects, who can obtain no redress : their charges are all duly and dis- 
 tinctly specified, those of the English are vague and indefinite. He 
 has always maintained and desires to observe a strict neutrality, his 
 merchants dealing alike with the Scots and the English. It is un- 
 reasonable to require that they shoulil have no commercial deal- 
 ings with the Scots, as the Scots might with equal propriety 
 demand of them to have no (iealings with the English. His 
 MiijcHty rcSo.rs to the dillieulty of restraining the passions of soldiers 
 in Lime of war ; trusts that military discipline is not so relaxed in 
 England, but if it is, his Majesty may consider how much more 
 diflicult it is to restrain those of the Danish subjects, who can get no 
 legitimate compensation for the atrocities committed. Requires that 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 45 
 
 1549. 
 
 July 22. 
 Bruges. 
 
 July 24. 
 Antwerp. 
 
 Aug. 15. 
 
 Strasburg. 
 
 preventive measures shall be adopted. The comj)laint of the Eng- 
 lish merchants as to impositions is unfounded : each country lias a 
 right to levy its own dues ; but while his subjects are charged three 
 or four times more, those of Denmark cannot be found fault with. 
 [^Latiii. Six pages ami a quarte7'.'] 
 
 Duplicate of the preceding. [Seven pages.] 
 
 192. Sir William Paget to Sir William Petre, or, in his absence, 
 to Sir Thomas Smith. Thanks him for his letter and the gentleness 
 shown to its bearer Fletcher, Paget 's servant, in a suit wherein 
 Mr. Thynne has shown himself so dishonest and covetous. Fears 
 the covetous disposition of this man may do his Grace hurt : nothing 
 his Grace requires so much to take heed of as that man's proceedings. 
 His sentiments as to matters in England. He will return by the 
 long seas, having need to purge himself well, being well farsed with 
 Rhenish wine. The Emperor leaves on Friday for Hainault ; is 
 glad to be rid of him, being unprovided of all things, especially of 
 money. The 2001. which he received at starting, and which was 
 worth to him scant 1501., being all spent, and SOOl. more at the least. 
 [Two pages and a half. Printed by Tytler, Vol. i., p. 190.] 
 
 193. WiUiam Dansell to the Lord Protector. Being unable to 
 procure the 100,000?., a,il2 per cent., has offered 12^, which is at 
 present refused ; and even if 13 is given, doubts as to the repay- 
 ment are expressed, in consequence of rumours as to the state of 
 England and the rebellion of the Commons. Desires to be informed 
 whether he may agree to pay 13 per cent. John Dymock has asked 
 him to pay an Easterling 150Z., or thereabouts, for 600 "yunghen- 
 dallers," which he says he had to employ for the King's service. 
 Wishes to know his Grace's pleasure hereon, else the bill will be 
 protested for non-payment. [One page and a half.] 
 
 194. Christopher Mount to same. On the 16th of May 
 had notified to his Grace that he had been shown a letter 
 addressed to one in the French interest, wherein the possibility of 
 peace between the French and the English was mooted ; which 
 letter appeared not to emanate from any person of eminence, but, as 
 he believed, from Basse Fontaine or de Fresse. Had recommended 
 the recipient to write to the Chancellor himself, by the person who 
 brought the letter, that he should plainly show that the French 
 sincerely desired and resolved firmly to maintain peace, when the 
 King of England might accede to such, provided the French King 
 assented to the marriage of his Majesty with the young Queen of 
 Scots, the surrender of Boulogne on certain stipulated payments, &c. 
 During all this period the messenger had remained at the French 
 Court without receiving any reply, and had only sent the inclosed 
 letter (to the effect that he could receive no answer either from the 
 Chancellor or the Constable, as the King has another enterprise on 
 hand, wishing to make vigorous war with England, and is bringing 
 20,000 men from Champagne). If his Grace desires to ascertain the 
 real sentiments of the French, he will by means of this individual, 
 and as if proceeding from him, continue to convey these conditions 
 to those Frenchmen who desire a peace. [Latin. Two pages.] 
 
46 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 154.9. 
 Aug. 31. 195. The Council to Dr. Wotton, giving an account of the sup- 
 pression of the insurrectif)ns in Devonshire, Cornwall, and Norfolk, 
 with the capture of Kett iind other ringleaders ; also notifying the 
 taking of Newhaven by the French through treason of the garrison, 
 and of another small fort called Blackness [Blanc Nez], with their 
 intention to do their uttermost against Boulogne. [Nine pages. 
 Draft, corrected by Secretary PetreJ] 
 
 Sept. 7. 196. Same to Sir Philip Hoby. While the French King was 
 
 Westminster, before Newhaven, tlie English light horsemen slew a person bearing 
 letters to the French Court, which declared the doings of Dragut 
 Rey with the French and others. Thinking these of importance to 
 the Emperor, they had first shown the originals to his Ambassador, 
 and now send copies of them to be given by Hoby to the Emperor, 
 should he desire to have them. The tumults at home are nearly 
 suppressed in all parts. The French King having by treachery 
 obtained the fort on the hiU called the Almaine Camp, and con- 
 sequently the main fort of Newhaven and Blackness, intended then 
 to lay siege to Boulogne ; but before he reached that town the 
 Captain of Boulognebourg rased his fort, and with all his ordnance, 
 stores, and men repaired thither, which is even now menaced by the 
 French King. In consequence of the position of affairs at home his 
 Majesty is unable to render the necessary aid and supplies ; there- 
 fore beseeches the Emperor to keep secret this information, known 
 only to a few of the Council, and to give him his fatherly counsel 
 and advice. Francisco the courier, who arrived yesterday, has 
 brought intelligence of the French King's dishonourable doings 
 towards them ; all of which are detailed in full. Desire him, as from 
 himself, to urge the Emperor to stay the French galleys, by reason 
 of the damages done in Italy and Spain by the pirates ; and to 
 endeavour to defer the adjudication of a cause relating to the capture 
 of two French ships on the coast of Flanders, untU Mons. Bieux 
 goes to the frontiers. [Xine pages. Draft.^ 
 
 Sept. 197. Same to same. (Not sent.) Refer to former letter. New- 
 
 haven stands at such point, as if present remedy be not provided 
 the same is like to fall into some danger, whereby might en.sue not 
 only loss to the King, but discommodity to the Emperor. Therefore 
 instruct him forthwith to solicit from the Emperor the services of 
 2,000 horse and 4,000 foot of his own troops, and the loan of money 
 sufficient to pay them for two mcmths. This, or whatever aid else 
 the Emperor may incline to give, must be done out of hand. For 
 his better warrant herein send him special letters of credence. 
 [Nine pages. Draft^ 
 
 Sept, 11. 
 
 Srpt. 11. 
 WestminsttT. 
 
 Sept. 
 
 198. Note relating to the King's bond to Anthony Fugger and 
 his nephews, 1 1th September 1549. \Half a page.'\ 
 
 199. Bond by King Edward VI. to Anthony Fugger and his 
 nephews of Augsburg, for repayment of 828,000 Caroline florins, on 
 15th August 1561. [Si. r pages. Draft.] 
 
 200. Declaration of War with France. 
 
 Fair copy of the same. 
 
 [Ten pages. 
 [TIdHeen pages.] 
 
 Draft.] 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 47 
 
 1549. 
 
 Oct. 11. 201. " M. of the -whole discourse of the Duke of Somerset's 
 doings, to the Ambassadors." (Copy of circular sent to each of the 
 Am,bassadors informing them of the arrest of the Protector.) [Six 
 pages.] 
 
 Oct. 22. 202. Instructions by the Council to Sir Thomas Cheyne and Sir 
 [Westminster.] Philip Hoby, sent to acquaint the Emperor with the proceedings 
 taken against the Duke of Somerset, and to renew their request for 
 the loan of troops in aid of Boulogne. Chastillon had made some 
 overtures for settling matters, but these have been so meagre and 
 dishonourable that Lord Clinton, the deputy for his Majesty, could 
 not entertain them. [Sixteen pages. Braft] 
 
 Nov. 
 Brussels. 
 
 Dec. 23. 
 
 Dec. 24. 
 
 Westminster. 
 
 1549? 
 [Lubeck.] 
 
 1549-50. 
 
 Jaauary 1 5, 
 
 Brussels. 
 
 203. Pragmatic by the Emperor Charles V., with the consent of 
 the States, decreeing that thenceforth the succession shall be open to 
 females as well as to males, so that no part of the Low Countries 
 should at any time be severed from the rest. [Four pages. 
 Copy.] 
 
 204. Reply of Marquis Albert of Brandenburg to the proposals 
 submitted to him by Doctor Bruno on behalf of the King of Eng- 
 land, as to the terms on which he would supply cavalry for defence 
 of Boulogne. Refers to man-iage with the Princess Mary. States 
 the numbers, names of principal officers, wages, &c. [French. 
 Fourteen pages.] 
 
 205. Grant under the Privy Seal of 375Z. annual pension to Otho 
 Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg. [OTie page. Copy.] 
 
 206. The Masters and Owners of the ship Mary of Lubeck, 
 and the Merchants who had goods on board of that vessel, to the 
 Magistrates of Lubeck. Complaining that although, in consequence 
 of their letter to the Protector Somerset of 24th May, Robert 
 Sentleger, who had plundered that ship the year before, had been 
 condemned to imprisonment until restitution should be made, 
 nevertheless such sentence was of no avail, not only because the said 
 Robert was not strictly incarcerated, but allowed to go at liberty 
 whithersoever he would, but because, in face of the sentence, his 
 brother Anthony Sentleger had taken possession of all his property 
 on the plea of its being hypothecated to him for a previous debt. 
 Wherefore they entreat the magistrates to memorialize the King of 
 England on their behalf [Latin. Four pages.] 
 
 207. Bond by King Edward VL to Anthony Fugger and his 
 nephews for the sum of 328,800 florins, repayable on ISth August 
 1550. [Seven pages. Draft.] 
 
 Another draft of the above obligation. [Five pages.] 
 
 208. Christopher k Wrisberg to the Lord Protector. Sends Captain 
 Arnold Boseke of Utrecht to inform him of his sentiments, and offers 
 his services with 3,000 horsemen and 30 ensigns of foot. [Three 
 pages and a half.] 
 
48 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1549-50. 
 
 January 16. 209. Volred Count Mansfeldt to the Ijord Protector. Had been 
 
 London. informed by the Arclibishop of Canterbury of his Grace's sentiments. 
 
 Would remain longer in Loudon if he had any prospect of serving his 
 
 Majesty ; having none such, takes his leave. [Latin. Two pages 
 
 and a half.] 
 
 January 27. 210. Count Ludovico Rangone to the Duke of Somerset. Returns 
 thanks for renewed instructions to the Ambassador for the promot- 
 riaco torn away.ing of his affia,irs with the Emperor. [Italian. Half a page.] 
 
 January? 211. " Instructions drawn and not sent, touching communication 
 with France." [Draft. Corrected throughout by Secretary Petre. 
 Twelve pages and a half.] 
 
 March 24. 212 Copy of the treaty of peace at Boulogne. [Fifteen pages. 
 Printed by Bymer, Vol. XY.,p. 211, ed. 1728.] 
 
 1550. 
 
 April. 213. " Memorandum of the Commission [to the Earl of Hunting- 
 
 [Beforc the6th.]clon, Lord Cobham, and Sir Jolfti Wallop] for delivery and receipt 
 of the hostages." [Three pages. Draft.'] 
 
 June. 214. " The names of the French gentlemen." A list of the 
 
 French Ambassadors Extraordinary, and those who accompanied 
 them to England in May 1550, partly in the handwriting of Cecil 
 [One page.] 
 
 June 2. 215. The Council to Sir John Masone. Narrates the reception 
 
 Westminster, of M. de Chastillon and others sent to England to receive the Ring's 
 ratification of the treaty of Boulogne, with the entertainments pro- 
 vided for them. Mentions the discussion of matters connected with 
 the peace ; such as the liberation of prisoners, restoration of captured 
 vessels, and the demolition of Roxburgh and Eyraouth. Enumerates 
 the presents made to them by the King. Refers to Bowes' proceed- 
 ings with the Scots, and the encroachments made by the French at 
 Calais. The King having pardoned some Frenchmen justly con- 
 demned to death, the Council hope that if any Englishmen are in 
 similar case, the like clemency may be shown to them by the French 
 monarch. [Ten pages. Partly printed by Tytler, Vol. i., p. 284. 
 Copy in Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book] 
 
 June 3. 216. Albert Marquis of Brandenburg to the Duke of Somerset, 
 
 Konigsberg. •« Lord ProtectoT." Letters of credence for John Alasco. [Latin. 
 
 One pdijcl] 
 
 June 14. 217. Sir John Masone to the Council. Had ivccived their letters 
 Purii. on the 2d and 5 th. The reception of the French Commissioners gave 
 much satisfaction. Details his interview with the French King on 
 preceding Thursday, in reference to the encroat'hments at Calais. 
 Having had secret intilligem^i' of the ai-rival at the French Court of 
 George Viw'w, sent fmin Ireland by M'William with letters of 
 crodciicu, nnd of the despatch to Irclnnd of M. de Botte, a Breton, 
 flisguiscid as a iik reliant, uicutions his convtTsation with the King 
 as to tli(^H(i practices \vith tiie Irish. Had i-onferred with the Con- 
 stable regarding the frontiers and the Scots at St. Andrew's. Re- 
 commends caution and iiroparation. Various reasons assigned for 
 
EDWARD VI. 49 
 
 1550. 
 
 the Emperor going to the diet at Augsburg. Expense of living in 
 France. Stourton desires to return to England, but is afraid to do 
 so without warrant of protection. Sends a cipher. [Ten poiges and 
 a half. Copy in Sir J. Manoae's Letter-Book. Partly printed hv 
 Tytler, Vol. l, p. 291.] 
 
 June 29. 218. Sir John Masone to the Council. Since Francisco's departure 
 Poissy. lias had one or two conferences with the Constable as to the frontiers, 
 and had been again in hand with him touching Ireland, about which 
 country there is some stii- in the French Court worthy to be looked 
 into. These Irish wild beasts should be hunted down. The Emperor 
 is reported to have left Spires on the 1 3th, and is expected at Augs- 
 burg on the 20th. He has grown into a notable pensiveness, and is 
 specially troubled that peace has been concluded between France and 
 England without him, and that he cannot frame his son to such a sort 
 as he much desires. Notable feud between Roygnac and De Nevers. 
 The Bishop of Rome has made an old bawd of his Cardinal, having 
 neither learning nor any other virtue or good quality, wherewith 
 the Holy College are much ofi'ended. Has been requested to inter- 
 cede for Francois Robin, formerly in the service of Sir Thomas 
 Speke, now a prisoner in the Marshalsea on suspicion of being a spy. 
 Stourton still importunes to obtain licence for him to return ; his 
 companion Horsemonden, than whom never was there a verier 
 ruffian, and who to make himself a gentleman has fathered himself 
 upon Pole's kindred, bragging the said Pole to be his uncle, has 
 been commanded to avoid the Court. Great want of rain lately, 
 but much fallen within the last three days. The French King has 
 nominated Basse Fontaine and Erskine Ambassadors to the Regent 
 for pacifying the matters of Scotland. On the 27th, between four 
 and five in the morning, the Queen was delivered of a son, whom 
 they call M. D'Angoul^me. Various surmises who shall be the god- 
 fathers ; they who know much say that the Queen is desirous the 
 King of England should be one of them, and that for that purpose 
 a gentleman will shortly be sent to England. [Six pages and a half. 
 Copy in Sir J. Masone' s Letter-Book Partly printed by Tytler, 
 Vol. i., p. 301.] 
 
 June 30. 219. The Council to Sir John Masone. Send further instructions 
 Westminster, how to act in the matter of the encroachments. Sundry requests 
 as to prisoners had been preferred by the French Ambassador. In- 
 form him of the prohibition against the exportation of horses from 
 Scotland to France through England, in consequence of their great 
 scarcity and high price. The French Ambassador had had appointed 
 for his lodging the Lady Yardford's house, — one of the fairest in 
 London, — but this he misliked, and as such as he wished were 
 occupied by noblemen and others who cannot be dislodged, he seemed 
 not altogether satisfied, although offered the best that could be had 
 Scottish ships on the coasts of Cornwall, Devonshire, Essex, Sussex, 
 and Suffolk, having not only pillaged the Emperor's subjects, and 
 the Portuguese trading with the English, but also of late spoiled the 
 King's subjects, proclamation had been made forbidding them to 
 be supplied with provisions or other necessaries in any of his 
 Majesty's ports. Send letter from Bowes of the 19th instant in 
 
50 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1550. 
 
 regard to the Scots. [Five pages. Copy in Sir J. Maaone'a Letter- 
 Book] 
 
 July 11. 220. Sir John Masone to the Council. Had received their lettera 
 Poissy. on the 3d. In consequence of the French King's absence at the 
 hunting, had been unable to have audience till the 6th. Narrates 
 what passed bistween the King and him, in presence of the Constable, 
 as to the encroachments, the appointment of Commissioners, and 
 the demolition of the Scottish forts. All the English prisoners in 
 the galleys have been liberated. Andrea Doria has lately taken 
 Monasterio in Barbary, a place of much importance, and being hopeful 
 to recover Africa out of the hands of Dragut Rey, has sent to Genoa 
 for men and ships. The affair of Roygnac is in course of settlement 
 De Selva, lately French Ambassador in England, took his leave 
 three or four days ago as Ambassador to Venice. Has only this 
 day received the inclosed nomination of Commissioners from de 
 L'Aubespine. The King leaves to-morrow for a house of the Duchess 
 of Valentinois, and will be absent about 11 or 12 days. The Prior 
 of Capua goes to Scotland shortly to bring the Queen to France. 
 lTe7i pages. Copy Sir J. Masone' s Letter -Book.] 
 
 July 11. 221. The Council to Sir John Masone. Gives an account of the 
 AVestminster. detention of the Archbishop of Glasgow [James Beaton], because 
 of his coming without letters of safe-conduct, a custom observed 
 between the Scots and English these 500 years, "which deserved the 
 rather to be put in execution upon this man, for that he came in so 
 secretly, and would have so departed again, especially coming from 
 Rome." Also the discussion relative thereto between the French 
 Ambassador and the Council, when it was agreed that on the 
 prelate's finding sureties for 20,000 crowns, he should be permitted 
 to go about the city at his pleasure, and that as soon as the prisoners 
 of St. Andrew's were at liberty to go where they pleased, he should 
 be allowed to depart without ransom. Further discussion as to the 
 Scottish hostages. Guidotti's claims had also been discussed. Letters 
 have been received from Bowes stating that he has fully ruinated 
 Roxburgh and Eymouth. Stourton may have liberty to return. 
 Francois Robin had been set free prior to receipt of Masone's letter. 
 Desires him to send to Marseilles for information as to the English 
 prisoners, if he has not already done so. [Seven pages. Copy in 
 Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book] 
 
 July 11. 222. "A clause of a letter of the Lord Pi-otector and Council to 
 [Westminster.] gir John Masone, Ambassador in France, touching the staying of the 
 Archbishop of Glasgow." [One page. Copy.] 
 
 The first portion of the ])i-occding letter, with copies of the signar 
 tures of the Members of Council. 
 
 July 17. 223. Tin; Council to Sir John Masouo. The French Ambassador 
 had signified tlu'. appointniont of the French Commissioners for 
 settliii;,' the boiiadiiries, and Sir John Wallop, Mr. Hall, Sir Richard 
 Rode, and Mr. l!oke havo boon commissioned to act on part of his 
 Maj(.',sl,y. On the Ambassador's representation, the Council have 
 agrui!(l to permit Frenclimeu to export Scottish hoi'ses through Eng- 
 land, on the condition that such horses be shown, and their number 
 
EDWARD VI. 51 
 
 1550. 
 
 reported to the King's officers on the frontiers ; also, that although 
 it had been necessary to prohibit the exportation of coals by reason 
 of the dearth and scarcity, yet to gratiiy the French King the said 
 restraint is released. [Three pages. Copy in Sir J. Masone'a Letter- 
 Book] 
 
 July 20. 22J!. Sir John Masone to the Council. Complains of the French 
 Poiasy. Ambassador's misrepresentation of him in regard to the Scottish hos- 
 tages, and gives an account of his explanatory interview with the 
 French King and the Constable, who said that the Ambassador had 
 been mistaken, but that, under the impression of a promise of their 
 liberty having been made by some of the Council in London, the King 
 had released the Scots taken at St. Andrew's, who otherwise should 
 have rotted in prison, so cruel was their offence, so cruel was their 
 murder [of Cardinal Beaton]. The King refused to interfere for the 
 Archbishop of Glasgow, who must " stand to his folly." Incloses 
 memorial from de L'Aubespine as to liberation of the French prisoners 
 in Jersey. After great suit by the French King, and considerable 
 difficulty made therin, the Bishop of Rome has extended the jubilee 
 to the Frencb Court. One or two sons of Lord Stafford have lately 
 passed through Paris towards Rome ; knows not whether Horse- 
 monden has gone with them, but here he appears no more. The 
 Emperor's Ambassador and Nuncio from the Bishop of Rome have of 
 late been twice or thrice at the Court together, it is supposed to 
 persuade the King to agree to the Council. Intended exchange of the 
 Emperor's Ambassadors at Rome and France. Roygnac's castle taken, 
 and himself escaped to Flanders. No English prisoners now at 
 MarseUles. In seven or eight days the Prior of Capua and suite go 
 to England on their way to Scotland to bring the Queen. Having 
 the grant of the keeping of the abbey of Abingdon by letters patent, 
 requests the Council's aid against the recusancy of a previous oc- 
 cupant to vacate the same. M. de Humiez, who was the Dauphin's 
 governor, is dead. Villebonne, who made the first payment of the 
 money [conditioned in the surrender of Boulogne], is also to make 
 the second ; it is whispered at Court that his present at said first 
 payment was very simple ; if it were so, the Council have now 
 occasion to make amends. [Ten pages. Copy in Sir John Masone's 
 Letter-Book.'] 
 
 luly 26. 225. "Acta Conventus Augustani anni 1550 summatim et bre- 
 viter expositis Ces. M. ac principum responsis confecta xxvj" Julii, 
 ex Csesa. Matis. propositione." Copy of the proceedings at the Diet 
 of Augsburg, assembled professedly for terminating the difference 
 between the Catholics and the Protestants. [Latin. Twenty-one 
 pages.] 
 
 ugust 3. 226. Sir John Masone to the Council. The Prior of Capua has 
 Poissy. altered his intention of going to Scotland by way of England, and 
 has gone to Rouen, whence he will depart within three or foiir days. 
 Has this day been to Court for redress of injury done to certain 
 Englishmen in Brittany. Has been required to write for the good 
 entreating of the Queen Dowager of Scotland, in case she should 
 be driven by stress of weather into any English port, or require a 
 passport for a hackney or two. It is said she is to be married to 
 
 D 2 
 
52 FOREIGN PAPEES, 
 
 1550. 
 
 the ]<.ing of Navarre, whom the Lady Margaret has refused. 
 Sunds much general iiiforiniition relating to the Emperor's procecd- 
 iiiffs, aiul of those of the Bishop of Rome in regard of the French 
 bishops. Has had an interview with Geoffrey Pole [younger brotiier 
 of the Cardinal], who, being very desirous to return to England 
 requested him to write for iiermission to do so. In consequence 
 of Andelot not having returned from Spain, the King has deferred 
 his journey to Rouen, whither he will not likely go till the 15tb of 
 next month. M. de Thermes comes from Scotland in the French 
 King's company. [Seven pages. Copy i n Sir J. Masone'a Letter- 
 Book. Printed, except one paragraph, by Tytler, Vol. i., p. 308.] 
 
 August 11. 227. Francis Yaxley to Cecil. At Padua had met Mr. Stafford, 
 
 Venice. -^vho desired to be remembered to him. Gives an account of the 
 
 honourable i-eception of the English Ambassador by the Doge and 
 
 Senate that day. Cannot hear anything of Sir John Thynne's 
 
 servant, who it is thought has returned to England. [Orie page.] 
 
 August 11. 228. The Council to Sir John Masone. On Sunday the 3d iust. 
 Windsor, the French Ambassador had audience of his Majesty at Windsor, 
 when he exonerated Masone in the matter of the Scottish hostages, 
 and sought to transfer the blame to some of the Council, which 
 they repudiated. He also presented letters from the French King, 
 Queen Dowager of Scotland, and two from the Scottish Queen, 
 requesting a safe conduct for the galleys that were to convey 
 the said Queen Dowager and her suite, with permission to send 
 300 horses through England ; which requests were acceded to, the 
 number of horses being reduced to 200. A safe conduct for Henry 
 Sinclair, Dean of Glasgow, and Thomas Menzies of Pitfoddels, 
 with 24 men and horses, has also been granted. The Ambassador 
 also intimated that the second payment for Boulogne was to be 
 ready there on the 4th inst., and requested the sending of Commis- 
 sioners to receive the same and set free the three remaining hostage*). 
 Farther, had arranged for an interview between the English 
 Commissioners on the Scottish border and the Scottish Commis- 
 sioners touching the castle of Edrington and a fishing place in the 
 Tweed. Desired to communicate all the pi'eceding to the French 
 King at his next audience. Instructions for the protection of 
 Somerset herald [Atkynson] fi-om the effects of a liability for a 
 prisoner in France six years before. [Eight pages. Copy in Sir 
 J. Miisonea Letter-Book.'] 
 
 August 18. 229. Instructions given by the Council to Sir Richard Morysine, 
 sniit Ambassador to the Emperor Charles V. in room of Sii' Philip 
 IJoby. [0 na page inul II half. Copy.] 
 
 Aw'^rxiHt 18. 230. The Council to Sir John Masone. Had been informed by 
 (iuiidford. letters from Lord Dmciv, Lord Warden of the West Maa-ches, that 
 the Scots intend to invmlc the dcbateable land, on account of 
 the same being occupied by sundry English and Scottish fugitives, 
 who continually molest and iinnoy the Scots. Had communicated 
 this to th(^ l^'reneli Anilmssndor (^already made aware of it by hia 
 brothcn- Ambassador in Sct)tland), who at first contended that such 
 would be 'no infraction of the treaty, but at length agreed to send 
 
EDWARD VI. 53 
 
 1550. 
 
 a special messenger to Scotland to endeavour to prevent such 
 attempt. Direct Masone to communicate this to the French King, 
 and insist upon his sending to Scotland to stay said enterprise, 
 otherwise it shall be considered as a breach of the treaty, and be met 
 accordingly. [Three pages. Copy in Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book] 
 
 ugust 21. 231. The Council to Sir John Masone. Since despatching their 
 Av''k"° 1 ^^^*' ^^^^ received information of consequence from the borders, 
 whereof they forward copies for his use and guidance in communi- 
 cating with the French King and his Council. [Eight lines. Copy 
 i n Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book^ 
 
 ugust 26. 232. Sir John Masone to the Council. Had received their Lord- 
 I'oiisy. ships' letters, and communicated to the French King their conces- 
 sions in regard of the Scottish Queen, as also the invasion of the 
 debatea,ble land by 2,000 Scots and 400 or 500 Frenchmen. His 
 Majesty admitted that he had heard something of this previously, 
 but supposed it to have been a mere private quarrel between an 
 Englishman and a Scotchman concerning the erection of a border peel. 
 Expressed his regret and would issue immediate orders for the 
 prevention of such in ftiture ; and confidentially informed him 
 of a design by the Emperor and Lady Eegent to send Skipperus 
 to the English coast to carry away the Lady Mary, and of the 
 Emperor's hatred of England, in despite of which he had made this 
 cruel inquisition for heresy in the Low Countries. Mentions his 
 conference with the Constable as to the affair of Somerset herald. 
 Great preparations are made for the reception of the Scottish 
 Queen, for whose coming the christening has been deferred, the 
 King desiring to have her as godmother. M. de Guise, with the 
 flower of the nobility, has gone to Dieppe to meet her. Before going 
 to Scotland the Prior of Capua provided for above 1,000 eUs of white 
 damask wherewith to apparel the slaves and mariners. Again 
 applies in regard of liberating the French prisoners in Guernsey 
 and Jersey. Has often been required to write on behalf of a mer- 
 chant of Orleans, whose ship of wines had been seized at Dover long 
 since by the late Admiral, but had positively refused to do so, the 
 matter being so old ; yet the same being so pitiful, he cannot hold 
 his pen from recommending it to their Lordships, if there be any 
 remedy. [Seven paxjea and a half. Copy in Sir J. Masone's 
 Letter-Book.] 
 
 igust 28. 233. Sir John Masone to the Council. Sends packet from the 
 Poissy. Constable for the French Ambassador in England. This day the 
 Archduke's Master of the Horse, who acts as his Highness's proxy- 
 godfather, came to the Court with the Emperor's Ambassador from 
 Paris, and was met at St. Germain's by a number of gentlemen on 
 horseback, who escorted him hither, where the King received him in 
 the haU with very gladsome cheer. The christening is to be on 
 Sunday next. Inquiries whether the Commissioners for the mer- 
 chants' matters have been appointed. Is daily applied to by Scots- 
 men, chiefly scholars, for safe conducts to the English Court, there 
 to procure passports for their own country, according, as they say, 
 to former custom : being doubtful, since the case of the Archbishop 
 of Glasgow, requests instructions hereon. The Prince of Melphi is 
 
54 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1550. 
 
 dead, and the command of his men of arms given to Marshal St. 
 Andr^. The Cardinal of Amboise is also dead, and is succeeded 
 by the Cardinal of Vcnd6me in the Archbishopric of Rouen and 
 his other promotions. Two gentlemen arrived yesterday from the 
 King of Tunis, and presented to the French King two Morisco 
 horses and three very fair mares. The King intends to leave this 
 at the end of next week, and remaining some days at Anet, will 
 probably not enter Rouen till the 24th, [Two pages. Copy in Sir 
 J. Masone'a Letter-Book] 
 
 Sc]Dt. 2. 234. Albert Marquis of Brandenburg to the CounciL Incloses 
 rinsscnberg. -memorial by the commanding officers of certain troops raised for 
 the service of the Crown of England under his authority, com- 
 plaining of want of pay, and recommends the bearer, Count Castel, 
 who will explain all circumstances, to the favourable consideration 
 of the Council. [German. Three pages.] 
 
 Memorial inclosed, dated 23d June. [German. Four pages.] 
 
 Sept. 235. Commission from Henry II., King of France, to certain Com- 
 
 (prior to 6th.) missioners appointed to meet with those of the Emperor for the 
 purpose of settling commercial disputes between their subjects in 
 Flanders. [Three pages. Copy.] 
 
 Sept. 6. 236. The Council to Sir John Masone. Have frequently written 
 
 Oatlands. as to the prisoners of Guernsey and Jersey, and are surprised that any 
 should still be there. He may give letters of credence to the Scots 
 ex gratia, but not by reason of former custom alleged, which was not 
 so. Desire him to confer farther with Andr^ de Boses, merchant of 
 Lyons, as to an alleged counterfeiting of the King's coin. The French 
 Ambassador had applied for the names of those who were to be 
 appointed Commissioners to meet those of France for deciding 
 maritime causes : to this they had replied that while most Con- 
 tinental Courts acted upon the rules of the civil law, none but the 
 Admiralty Court did so in England, and to its jurisdiction they 
 proposed to commit the adjudication of such causes. Instead there- 
 fore of appointing Commissioners, they proposed that two of their 
 own number should be nominated to act as permanent judges of 
 appeal from the Admiralty Court, should its judgments prove 
 unsatisfactory to the parties. The French Ambassador had also 
 applied on behalf of his master for the release of the Archbishop of 
 Glasgow, on the ground of his having merely omitted a formality ; 
 nevertheless though it is not so, but the thing very material, and 
 though the Archbishop is a prisoner of good price, and should pay 
 20,000 crowns for his ransom, yet out of regard to the French King, 
 his Majesty is pleased to let him go froely. " Send copy of report of 
 the Commissioners on the northern frontiers ns to the conduct of 
 the Scots and their views of the peace. [Si.v pages. Copy in Sir 
 J. Masone's Lcilrr-BooL] 
 
 Sept. 10. 237. Sir John Masone to the Council. For the last 10 or 12 
 Poissy. (inyH the Queen of Scots has been so dangerously ill of the pre- 
 vailing flux, that her recovery was doubted, but within the last 
 two she is considered to be out of danger. On Sunday the Duke 
 
EDWARD VI. 55 
 
 1550. 
 
 of AngouMme was baptized by the name of Charles Maximilian, 
 so given by the Deputy of the King of Bohemia (no longer called 
 Archduke), who being godfather had place above the King of 
 Navarre. The deputy godmother was the King's bastard daughter, 
 who held the infant in place of the Duchess of Ferrara. Mentions 
 the entertainment and presents given to the Deputy and his suite. 
 The non- arrival of the Dowager Queen of Scotland had caused 
 considerable alarm at the Court, lest the recent storms should have 
 driven her to the coast of Flanders, but they have been relieved 
 by hearing that she did not embark until last Saturday. Im- 
 mediately on his return M. de Thermes is to go as Ambassador 
 to Rome, and the present one there, M. d'Urf^ is to come to be 
 governor of the Dauphin in room of the late M. de Humiez. Revision 
 of the mintage. M. de Biez is released from close confinement, and 
 it is thought will eventually be restored altogether, much to the dis- 
 appointment of Chastillon. Three or four ships have lately arrived 
 from England laden with images, which have been sold at Paris, 
 Rouen, and other places, and being eagerly purchased, give to the 
 ignorant people occasion to talk according to their notions ; which 
 needed not had their Lordships' command for defacing of them been 
 observed. The Sherif had attempted to surprise Oran, but being chased 
 by Don Bemardine de Mendo9a, had gone to Argel [Algiers] to see if 
 he could succeed better there. " This good fellow seemeth to be in- 
 different to all men, and careth not of what religion he be from whom 
 he may catch any place to put his foot in." Dragut Rey lately had 
 made a descent on the African coast. Urges the regular payment of 
 his salary, to prevent the necessity of his borrowing, which he must 
 do at 40 per cent, besides interest, ia consequence of the depreciation 
 of the currency, so that his daily allowance of five marks a day does 
 not jaeld him 40 shillings, while his expenses amount to double 
 that sum. The French King leaves this about Monday or Tuesday 
 next week, and is to spend six or seven days at Anet, a residence of 
 Madame de Valentinois, intending to enter Rouen on the 25th if no 
 alteratioujin his plan. The Constable has had leave of absence till 
 the King arrives at Anet, and has gone to his house called ChantUly. 
 [Three pages. Copy in 8ir J. Masone's Letter-BooJc] 
 
 Sept. 14. 238. Sir John Masone to the Council. Had their letters of the 
 Poissy. 6th, and on the-13th audience of the French King, who was attended 
 by the Cardinal of Lorraine acting in absence of the Constable. The 
 King returned thanks to his Majesty for the enlargement of the 
 Archbishop of Glasgow, and was contented with the appointment of 
 two Privy Councillors as Judges of Appeal from the Admiralty Court, 
 of the delays and lack of justice in which he had heard many com- 
 plaints. As to the Scots taken at St. Andrew's, he would defer the 
 question of their full liberty till the arrival of the Queen Dowager, 
 when that and all other matters connected with Scotland should be 
 adjusted ; but in the meanwhile would take steps to restrain the 
 Scots on the borders. Has not lately seen De Boses, whom he be- 
 lieves to be attending on the Constable, but expects to see him at 
 Rouen. The Emperor's Ambassador here has written to the one in 
 England to get him two geldings, and has requested Masone to be 
 the means of procuring a licence for exporting them, notwithstanding 
 
56 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1550. 
 
 Sept. 14. 
 I'oissy. 
 
 Sept. 14. 
 Poissy. 
 
 Sept. 28. 
 Oatlands. 
 
 Sept. 30. 
 Oatlands. 
 
 Sept. 30. 
 
 Oatlands. 
 
 Oct. 6. 
 
 lioucn. 
 
 the prohibition by reason of their great scarcity. " There is a little 
 square Lftwi^eu the Duchess of Valentinois, who ruleth the roast, and 
 the Constable ; a great many of the Court wisheth the increase thereof, 
 lie is very ill beloved, for that he is a hinderer of all men saving his 
 own kinsfolks, whom he; doth so advance tm no man may have any- 
 tliing by Ins will but they, and for that also he feedeth every man 
 with fair words, and performeth nothing." The King leaves for 
 Rouen to-morrow, taking en route the Constable's houses, then 
 Roche Guyon, and so to Anet. [Five par/ea and a half. Copy m 
 Sir J. Masoiie's Letter-Boole] 
 
 239. Sir John Masone to the Right Honourable Mr. William Cecil, 
 one of the King's Highness's two principal Secretaries. Congratu- 
 lating him upon his appointment, and eulogising the character of his 
 Secretary, Lord, [l^wo pages. Frl ided by Tytler, Vol. i., p. M9.] 
 
 240. John Lord to CeciL Return thanks for being continued 
 in his service, and will return as soon as his lord can 
 with his attendance. [0)ie page.] 
 
 241. The Council to Sir John Masone. Desiring him to endea- 
 vour to obtain redress for a poor Irishman who had been plundered 
 of all his goods to tlie value of 2001. by some French seaman, he 
 being unable to have recourse to the law by reason of his poverty. 
 [Hay" a page. Copy in Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book.] 
 
 242. Same to same. Inform him of what passed on the preceding 
 day between them and the Master of Erskine, AmbassEidor from 
 Scotland, touching tlie disputes concerning Edrington (called by 
 the English Cawe Mill), the fishing of half the Tweed, another 
 piece of ground on the middle marshes called the Threpeland, and 
 the debateable land. Had referred him for any explanation of the 
 treaty to the French King, and, as the said Erskine was going to 
 France, they desire Masone to act according to the instructions pre- 
 viously given to him. Send copy of letter from Sir John Wallop, 
 and a chart of the boundaries of the English possessions round Calais 
 and Guisnes, to be used when necessary ; with general directions for 
 his conduct in the matter. [Five pages and a half. Copy in Sir 
 J. Masone's Letter-Book] 
 
 243. Draft of the latter half of the preceding letter, so far as 
 relates to Sir John Wallop's letter. [Four pages.] 
 
 244. Sir John Masone to the Council. Describes the entry of 
 the French King into Rouen on the 1st of the month, tlie pre- 
 parations in the city not having been completed by the 25th ult., 
 in (;(iTiHC(|uence whereof lio had to re.side in an abbey half a mile 
 dJHtaut; but bud kept the fe.ust of St. iMiehael very solemnly within 
 the (Mty, when the order was eonfeired upon the Rhinegrave only, 
 althdugli there wi^e (our vneaneies. Sets forth the various pageants 
 t'.xliibitetl. II/I.H had cnniiniuiieiitions with the Constable in regard to 
 the Snots ; the settloincnt of tliewe. matters is deferred until the ar- 
 rival of the Master of l^lr.skine, who is expected in three or four days. 
 Jlius lieeii Hjioken to on tlie Nubjeet of the commercial Commissioneis, 
 and had seen De lioscsabout the counterfeiting of the English money. 
 
EDWARD VI. 57 
 
 1550. 
 
 Has this day waited upon the Queen Dowager of Scotland, who 
 arrived on the 25th ult. with a large retinue of Scottish gentle- 
 men, and had been received with much honour. Africa had been 
 carried by assault on the 20th ult, with great loss. The English 
 merchants much alarmed at the prospect of a Avar with France. 
 Sends the names of the principal Scots who are with the Queen 
 Dowager, and who arc squabbling greatly among themselves about 
 their lodging.-?. The King will remain eight or ten days, and then 
 visit Dieppe and his other fortresses on the sea coast. The Empercr 
 is still hot about the Council. The Pope's Nuncio and the Venetian 
 Ambassador have been frequently of late with the King. The 
 Duke D'Aumale is very desirous to have a portrait of the King of 
 England, which he says was promised to him by his Majesty on his 
 leaving England ; urges that it may be sent to him while he is here 
 as he speaks very highly of the King and of the realm, and of the 
 courtesy which he met with there. [Six pages. Copy in Sir J. 
 Masone's Letter-Book. Printed, vith small omission, by Tytler, 
 Vol. i., p. 325.] 
 
 Oct. 18. 245, Joachim Kundelfinger to the Council. He arrived here on 
 Antwerp, the 3rd inst. with fifty master niine-workers, and applied to Sir 
 Thomas Chamberlain, the Ambassador, and Mr. Dansell, the Agent 
 for his Majesty, for such need as he had to do, as Doctor Brown shall 
 more fully declare. But they made him answer, that for lack of 
 commission from their Lordships they could not help him of his 
 request. Wherefore requests they will make such expedition of his 
 dispatch hence towards England with these workmen as may seem 
 to them good. [One pa,ge.] 
 
 This letter was probably accompanied by the following : — 
 " Extraict des Instructions de Syre Thomas Chamberlain et Joa- 
 chim Gondelfinger, Commiz vers Dennemarck et Scweden. L'an 
 V. c. 49." — As soon as possible after the departure of Gondelfinger 
 1,000?. worth of good kersies, of such colour as he may wish, are to 
 be consigned to Wolff Reytweiser, at Antwerp, to be forwarded to 
 Nuremberg, for exchange with the Governor of Sibenburgen in 
 Hungary, in order that by the exchange of these and other cloths such 
 fair amount of gold or ducats of Hungary may be annually derived, 
 as the said Gondelfinger shall to the best of his ability arrange for 
 the benefit of his Majesty. As soon as these matters are arranged 
 he is to return to the Court with as much expedition as possible to 
 give an account of his proceedings, and settle with the Council, and 
 to bring with him to England, on as reasonable terms as he can, the 
 following persons for his Majesty's service : — 
 
 One of the most experienced and sworn master mining engineers. 
 A good metal-founder. Two others for making shafts, tunnels, and 
 trenches of mines, called in German Schirpffer. Two carpenters 
 to descend into mines, and prop each side of such shafts, and pas- 
 sages : called in German, Sieyper. One who thoroughly under- 
 stands the art of draining and carrying ofi^ water. One who 
 understands the assaying of all metals Two smiths for making the 
 necessary tools for the jiioneers and others. Two colliers to work 
 the large coal of the mines. Two who understand the separation of 
 the sulphur before melting. Twenty pioneers, good, strong, and 
 
58 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1550. 
 
 Oct. 19. 
 Rouen. 
 
 Oct. 19. 
 
 Dieppe. 
 
 experienced, unmarried if possible : all who have harness and weapons 
 to bring the same with them, and each to have a long harquebuse. 
 One who understands the baking of rock alum. Two with the seed 
 of the pine and deal, to sow the same according to the nature of 
 the soil, to increase the forests both of England and Ireland. All 
 these to be Germans, and brought to England by sea from Frankfort, 
 the best way he can. 
 
 Inasmuch as the above-mentioned kersies have not been sent to 
 Gondelfinger, and he has brought the said persons to Antwerp at his 
 own expense, and these Germans will not cross the sea without 
 money, and his own is all spent, and he cannot obtain any at Ant- 
 werp, he therefore begs the Lords of the Council will send him as 
 soon as possible the sura of 4<Q0l. sterling. [French. Two pages.] 
 
 246. Sir John Masone to the Council. Incloses a letter from the 
 Constable to their Lordships in favour of Sir Anthony Guidotti, and 
 requests their early and favourable attention to the buBiness which 
 takes him to England. [One page. Copy in Si/r J. Maaone's 
 Letter-Book.] 
 
 247. Same to same. Narrates his conferences with the Constable 
 and the Council in reference to the merchants' complaints and the 
 Scottish affairs, concerning which he can as yet have no satisfaction. 
 It appears to him " that they would fain the Scots had their minds, 
 and yet for that they see the treaty beareth not them therein, they 
 cannot tell what to make of the matter." The Master of Erskine, 
 who arrived on the 12th, is appointed to go to Flanders to conclude 
 a peace, and they will probably defer reply to all matters until his 
 return, shaping their proceedings upon the result of his mission. 
 Much talk among the inferior members of the Court since the coming 
 of the Scots, and specially of Erskine, that Ireland is theirs when- 
 ever the King shall give them a signal, that Calais is not a seven 
 nights' work, and that the dissensions in England are great. Sees 
 not that cheer in their countenance as he thinks he has seen hereto- 
 fore. The Emperor's Ambassador haunts the Court much, on pretence 
 of the Scottish matters. The French King makes great warlike 
 preparations, and has increased his troops on the frontiers. " The 
 gentleman of Brittany, named M. de Botte, and commonly called Le 
 Beau Breton," who was sent to Ireland at the concluding of the peace. 
 only returned within three days, and reports that the greater part 
 of Ireland is subject to the Earl of Desmond. Has been visited by 
 nearly all the Scots gentlemen, except the Earl of Huntly and George 
 Douglas. Mentions the conversation of othei-s, to whom he gave 
 ear as to Scots^ and framed his answers accordingly. The Earl of 
 Glencairn complains grievously of the detention of his two sons, his 
 father for whom they wore hostages being dead, and especially of 
 their treatment by tlio Arehbislmp, who kept them two years in his 
 kitchen, and still keeps them without the increase either of learning 
 or of any other good virtuous nurture. If such be the case, urges 
 the amendment of it. Great excitement caused by a rumour of 9ie 
 Hlaying of the Vidame of Chartves. Mueh controversy between the 
 French King and the BiHhop of Rome an to ecclesiastical patronage 
 in France, which the Cardinal Salmoneta has come to pacify, and 
 
EDWARD VI, 59 
 
 1550. 
 
 since his arrival has received two aubeys from tlie King. Ohastillon, 
 being disappointed in his expectations of great recompence for his sei- 
 vice about Boulogne, has left the Court in displeasure, and has been in 
 his house the last two months, willing not to return till the King ex- 
 pressly sends for him. Signor Horatio FFarnese], who it is thought is 
 to marry the King's bastard daughter, a match long talked of, has left 
 Rome for the Court. Had written thus far at Rouen, now concludes 
 at Dieppe, where are four fine ships of war ready to be put to sea, 
 one of 400, two of 250, and the fourth of 110 or 111 tons. The 
 King arrived here yesterday with great solemnity. On Monday he 
 goes to Havre de Grace, and thence continues his winter progress. 
 Julian de Medicis, the Queen's cousin, having arrived here lately from 
 England, expresses his sense of the great courtesy which he met with 
 there from his Majesty and the Council. Having inquired as to 
 the commissions touching depredations upon the sea, is informed 
 that no farther proceedings shall be taken therein until they henr 
 from the French Ambassador in England. [Twelve pages. Copy in 
 Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book.'] 
 
 Oct. 21. 248. Sir John Masone to the Council. Details at length his 
 Dieppe. conference with the Constable, who had sent to inform him of the 
 sudden termination of the proceedings of the Commissioners for 
 defining the limits, and who requested that the English Commis- 
 sioners should be instructed to return, as their departure might 
 give rise to sentiments injurious to the friendship existing 
 between the two countries. In the end the Constable proposed 
 that either the Commissioners should return, of which he was Yery 
 desirous, or that a special Commissioner should be sent to France, who 
 with the Ambassador should settle the matter with the French 
 Council, Should this alternative be adopted, suggests the appoint- 
 ment of Mr. Shelley as one fully qualified for it by his knowledge of 
 the language and pi evious experience.- Such a quantity of English 
 money circulates in France, that there is in a measure no other gold 
 to be seen, by reason of the great depreciation of the currency in 
 England. The Irisl;man has been dispatched with the King's letter, 
 the copy of which, herewith sent, shows that although the Commis- 
 sioners be not yet out, summary order in such cases is taken. The 
 French King is in high favour with the merchants by reason of his 
 just paying of the interest : he is already indebted in more than 
 1,500,000 ducats, yet large sums come daily from Antwerp to the 
 bank of Lyons for his use as he may need it. By such means the 
 Emperor has carried on his wars for many years, and his example 
 seems followed by the French King. A fort is in course of being 
 erected at Dieppe, which it is thought will cost 100,000 crowns 
 before it is completed. Engineers shortly go to Scotland to plan 
 fortifications on the coast there, [Seven pages. Copy in Sir J. 
 Masone's Letter-Book.] 
 
 Oct. 22. 249. Same to same. Has this morning been informed by a 
 
 Dieppe. gentlemen straight from the Court that the French King has altered 
 
 his intention of going to Blayse [Blois], and that immediately after 
 
 Allhallow-tide he designs to go into Picardy with a small train. 
 
 The reason assigned for this change in his plans is a report that 
 
60 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1550. 
 
 Oct. 27. 
 Westminster. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Oct.? 
 
 Nov. 2. 
 Caudcbcc 
 
 [One page. Copy in Sir J. 
 
 to Sir John Masone. Have received his last 
 coiiiiiKud his diligence. They are willing to 
 
 tlie Emperor is dangerously ill. 
 
 Matio lie's Leiler-Bodk.] 
 
 250. The tlomicii 
 three letters, and coniincud Ins diligence, xney are _ 
 entertain the Constable's jnoposition for a renewed negotiation ty 
 the same or other ConiniiBsioners, an he may prefer, but in the 
 meanwhile require that the French troops quartered at Sandingteld 
 shall be withdrawn. Mention their subsequent interview with the 
 French Ambassador on the same subject, and the right of tiie 
 English to the disputed boundaries. Send memorial of certain 
 depredations by the French on some natives of Jersey, transmitted to 
 them by Sir Hugh Paulet, the Captain of said island ; also another 
 touching an Englishman, named Broughton, prisoner in the bands 
 of Mons. de Brissac. [Seven pajes. Copy in Sir J. Ufaaone'a 
 Letter-Book.^ 
 
 251. Proposal, by medium of Dr. Bi'uno, from Albert Marquis of 
 Brandenburg, to raise troops for the service of King Edward VI., 
 for which he shall have a pension of 2,000i. per ann., and the 
 command of said (rooiis. Refers to proposed marriage of the 
 Marquis with tlic Princess Mary. Table showing descent of the 
 Marquis from Frederick Burgrave of Nuremberg. [French. Five 
 2i(ir/es. Indorsed by Cecil, " Boct. Brunonis et Alb. Brandb. mq. 
 02>liiio."] 
 
 252. Discourse by Dr. Bruno, wherein enumerating the various 
 Sovereigns and Princes of Europe favourable to Protestantism, lie 
 proposed that each should send learned men, such as Bucer, Melanc- 
 thon, Szc, to tlie next pretended Council, for the purpose of disputing 
 with the Papists, and if they should be unable to prevail, then to 
 
 and invoking King Edward to take the 
 [Latin. Five parjes. Indorsed by Cecil, " Discursus 
 D. Brunonis."] 
 
 253. "Articles of the credence of the messenger from the Princes 
 of Germany." With reference to forming a general league in defence 
 of Protestantism ; wherein is to be considered " the colour and craft 
 wliereby the war shall be dissembled not to be made for i-eliglon," 
 and in such respect the league to be regulated by the terms of a 
 " treaty of the Duke of Prussia with Mr. Ahisco, had three years 
 past." [Four pages. Indorsed, by Cecil.'] 
 
 251'. Sir John Masone to Sir William Cecil. Refere to his letter 
 to tln^ Council for an account of his [iroceedings. " If words can 
 make all things hot, hero lacketh none of tiiat stuff." The French 
 profess much, but he doubts their sincerity : the thing that fejureth 
 hiin most lieiug " that they know too well our cstote, and thereby 
 tiiink they may rido upon our backs." Is at pre.sent confined to 
 lied with the gout, iiiid liis body so droops that lie fears he shall 
 never see the end of winter, a great part whereof will be spent in 
 joitrn(ying. Pjarnestly begs to be recalled, as he would gladly die, 
 iC it might lie, amongst Christian men. Mons. D'Estrees, who has 
 lieeii appointed to join the other Commissioners, is esteemed a sober, 
 wise gentleman ; he was lately captain of the guard, and has since 
 
 form a general league, 
 initiative. 
 
EDWAED VI. 61 
 
 1550. 
 
 been preferred to the office of the Ordnance, which is one both of 
 more ease and reputation. Hopes the Council will select a person 
 of like quality to answer liim, and suggests Mr. Blount of the privy- 
 chamber, if he is sufficiently acquainted with the language, because 
 having been long in these parts he knows the ground. Hears tliat 
 their Lordships having found some fault with the rolls of Parlia- 
 ment, have determined to commit them to the Exchequer. If this is 
 done in his absence, it may compromise him, and therefore begs it 
 may be deferred until his return. [Two pages.] 
 
 Nov. 3. 255. Sir John Masone to the Council. On the 30th ult. had 
 
 Caudebec. received their letters of the 27th thereof, and next day had aiidience 
 of the French King, to whom he comm\inicated their consent to the 
 renewal of negotiaticms, and their wishes as to the withdrawal of 
 the troops from Sandingfeld. With the former the King was well 
 pleased, and promised to give immediate orders for the removal of 
 the latter. Had thereafter a conference with the Constable on the 
 same subject, and received equally satisfactory assurances of amity 
 from him as from the King, the details whereof he gives at great 
 length. Notwithstanding their apparent sincerity, is suspicious of 
 them, and recommends caution in regard of Guisnes and Hampnes, 
 especially the latter, " for the weakness thereof is like to be their first 
 shot if they mean untruth," and "better are bestowed 500 to keep 
 than ] 0,000 to recover." The Low Countries, that not long before 
 could supply 300 able horsemen, are now unable to do so ; the cause 
 .assigned being that the rents of the King's lands are so raised " as no 
 man is able to live thereupon unless it be a sort of poor dryvels that 
 must dig their living with their nails out of the ground, and be not 
 able scarce to maintain a jade to carry their corn to market." How 
 this might be remedied. The mistaken report of the King's going to 
 Picardy had arisen out of a joke of his Majesty to the Duke of 
 Vendome, the Governor of that province, who is ordered thither to 
 be stationed at L'Affre, near to St. Quintin, with 24 or 25 captains. 
 Some 25 or 26 Spaniards, formerly in the English King's service, 
 have been sent to join him ; and as the Spaniards are chiefly famous 
 at an assault, reiterates vigilance on Guisnes and Hampnes. The 
 French have five ships at Newhaven, hitherto not unarmed (sic), and 
 are building 20 more ; of these four are almost ready at Dieppe, four 
 at Havre de Grace, four in the river Seine, at Tucke [Touques] Castle, 
 four at Brest, and four at Eochelle. The galleys at Marseilles are 
 being fitted out, it is supposed to be to guard against the Impe- 
 rialists' doings on Afiica. There has been great consolation as 
 to Scotland, the French desiring to keep the Queen Dowager in 
 France, and to appoint a Frenchman there, to wliich the Scots will 
 not agree. The recent death of the Duke of Orleans by small-pox 
 has caused much heaviness at Court. His salary, due on the 1st of 
 October, but not yet paid, has forced him to live awhile by borrow- 
 ing and selling, but this cannot long continue ; would lament his 
 estate with many words, were he not in good hope their Lordships 
 will shortly call his N\eak body home. [Fourteen pages. Copy in 
 Sir J. Masone' s Letter-Book.'] 
 
 Nov. 9. 256. Philip Prince of Spain to King Edward VI. Much muti- 
 
 Augsburg. lated ; — apparently recognizing the Ambassador sent in room of Sir 
 
62 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS, 
 
 1550. 
 
 PhUip Hoby. 
 
 counters iijned 
 
 [French. Broadside. 
 ' 0. Perezius."] 
 
 Signed by the Prince, and 
 
 Nov. 9. 
 
 Venice. 
 
 Nov. 14 
 Westminster. 
 
 257. Peter Vannes to Francis Yaxley. Being aware of his regard 
 and affection, he ought to have been fully informed of Yaxley's health, 
 mode of living, lodgings, companions, and progress in Latin. and~ 
 Italiiin. Expects to have a longer and more satisfactory letter from 
 him. [Italian. Poster ipt in Engliah.\ The matters of Scotland 
 are in good quiet and well appeased. Commissioners on both 
 sides will shortly meet, with every prospect of continuance of 
 peace. [Two pages. Inclosed, a sketch of the siege of Mirandola, 
 mutilated.'] 
 
 258. The Council to Sir John Masone. Since receipt of his letter 
 of the 3rd, had seen the French Ambassador, who conveyed to them 
 the like expressions of amity on part of his master, as the same had to 
 Masone. As M. D'Estrees has been appointed an extra Commissioner 
 on the part of France, Sir Thomas Wyat has been appointed on that 
 of England. The commission as to depredations will forthwith be 
 attended .to. The Freucli Ambassador had complained of the restraint 
 on the exportation of lead, and of the detention of a Scottish ship 
 of war which had come into Dover haven with a Flemish vessel 
 which it had captured, laden with herrings ; had explained to him 
 that the restriction on the exportation of lead arose from its excessive 
 scarcity, and affected not foreigners only, but the King's subjects, 
 there not being sufficient for his Majesty's use ; the detention of 
 the Scottish ship was in consequence of its wunt of a safe-conduct, 
 which by unfailing custom rendered it a lawful prize. Request him 
 to keep a close eye to the naval preparations of the French, and 
 endeavour to ascertain wherefore they ai-e being made, and the pre- 
 cise meaning of certain expressions of the Constable. \_Four pages 
 and a half. Copy in Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book.] 
 
 259. King Edward VI. to Herman, formerly Archbishop of 
 Cologne, re-accrediting the bearer James Omphalius on his return 
 to the Archbishop. [Latin. Broadnidc. Signed by the Members 
 of the Council. Indorsed " The King's Ma"" to tlie old B. of 
 Collen."] 
 
 260. Same to Christian King of Demuai-k. Recredentials of Albert 
 Knoppert, lawyer, scut in reference to complaints of injuries done 
 by the English to subjects of Denmark. He has been attentively 
 heard, and reciprocity is expected on jiart of the King of Denmark 
 in similar instances. Signed by Somorsot, Wiltshire, Bedford, 
 Northampton, Dorset, Huntingdon, Clinton, tlie Bishop of Ely, and 
 Sir Thomas Cheyne. [Latin. Broadtiidi:] 
 
 Nov. 22. 261. Same to Otho Duke of Brunwick. Regi*ets that in conse- 
 Wcstminstcr. quence of the state of liis own linancos ho cannot comply with the 
 
 Duke's request for more money. [Latin. Broadside. Signed by 
 
 the. Members of the Council] 
 
 Nov. 18. 
 \Vestminster. 
 
 Nov. 18. 
 Westminster. 
 
 Nov. 29. 
 WcstmiuBter. 
 
 262. Commissions from tho King to Sir John Wallop, Sir Richard 
 Blunt, Sir Riclmrd Redo, Dr. William Cooke, and Francis Hall, 
 KHquJri!, to meet with tho Fnuioli Commissionera for settling the 
 boundaries round Calais. Signed by his Majesty, and counter- 
 
EDWAED VI, 63 
 
 1650. 
 
 signed by the Lords of the Council. [Latin. Broadside. Indorsed 
 " Commission to treat with Commissioners of frontiers about bound- 
 ing of the frontiers."] 
 
 Nov. 30. 263. The Council to Sir John Masone. Send copy of a commis- 
 V/estminster. g,ion. for settling the question of depredations, wherein the Dean of 
 St. Paul's and Dr. Glyn of the Arches are appointed to act during 
 the absence of Rede and Cooke. Mention the argument between 
 them and the French Ambassador as to jurisdiction, &c., and that 
 Sir Richard Blount of the privy chamber was appointed a Commis- 
 sioner of the boundaries in room of Sir Thomas Wyat, who is unwell 
 and unable to act. [Three 'pages. Copy in Sir J. Masone's Letter- 
 Book.] 
 
 Dec. 4. 264. Sir John Masone to the Council. He received their letter 
 
 Blois. of the 30th ult. at Chartres, which the King having just left, he could 
 not see the Constable until his Majesty^s arrival here on the 28th. 
 Reports at much length the conversation between them as to main- 
 taining amity between the two nations. " The Scots bear a fell 
 rout in this Court and be much made of all estates ;" much flattering 
 talk he has from them, but thinks that some do speak as they think, 
 and do bear stronger will to the English than they do to the French. 
 In one point they all agree, that the English shall not, by their will, 
 have one foot more of ground in Scotland than they had before the 
 war, unless they have the whole, " which some say by their false 
 faith they do wish they had." Is very anxious about Ireland, which 
 he has " every day in his dish ;" the noblemen there, with the 
 majority of the people, being ready to give themselves to a new 
 master. Paris, who is again sent to Ireland with replies to the 
 letters of Mc William and others, has told his "friends that he 
 doubteth not to see the French King shortly to bear the crown of 
 Ireland," and that he hopes " to bring joUy news " when he returns 
 at the end of Lent. This brag he hears every day. The ships which 
 are being built were commenced during the late wars by private 
 persons, who offered them to the King at a certain price, and now 
 finding that they have been overshot in the bargain, are imploring 
 the King to allow them a farther supply, as they have expended the 
 amount and the ships are not half finished. Meanwhile the work 
 goes very slowly on. There is a dispute in Piedmont between the 
 Emperor and the French King, similar to that between the latter 
 and the English in regard to Sandingfeld. Proclamations have been 
 issued to restrain freedom of speech touching the French King and 
 the Council. " They were wont in their farces to spare no man ; but 
 now they are bridled for that point. " Desires that the like restriction 
 were in England. The Duke of Nemours is to be married to Messire 
 Robert de la Marche's daughter, niece to the Duchess of Valentinois, 
 and Louis Monsieur to Madame de Touteville [d'Estouteville]. These 
 marriages are to let the Emperor understand that they " are here as 
 busy in that kind as he." The King of Bohemia is supposed to have 
 gone by sea, and a great part of his train through France by land. 
 Sends a book supposed to be written or abetted by some Scot, the 
 lewdness of the device whereof he will declare to the Constable out 
 of hand, and do his best to discover the author. Thanks them for 
 
64 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 Dec. 4. 
 Ulois. 
 
 Dec. 12. 
 
 Westminster. 
 
 1550. 
 
 permitting him to return. Sends a proclamation received from the 
 Constahlo rt'liiting to sliipping. [Meven pagea. Copy in Sir J. 
 Masune'a LeiicrBvol,.] 
 
 'iCi.'). Sir Jolm Miisone U> Sir William Cecil Thanks him for 
 assisting in obtaining liin recaU. Has written also to thank the 
 Duke of Somerset and thu Earl of Warwick, at whose good agree- 
 ment he rejoices. There is much talk of the dissensions in Eng- 
 land. Offers his opinion on the mistaken policy of a proclamation 
 in England touching the price of cheese and butter. Desires the 
 interference of the Council on behalf of Mr. Warner, who has been 
 very ill handled at Winchester. As he has not heard who is to be 
 his successor, has sent the names of some whom he considers fit. 
 [Two 2^C'ges. The greater portion printed by Tytler, Vol. i., 
 p. 340.] 
 
 266. King Edward VI. to Christian King of Denmark. Refers 
 to the mission of Albert Knoppert, mentioned in the previous letter 
 of 18th November. Some of the English merchants complain that 
 the dues exacted at Elsinore from all ships of whatever tonnage, 
 which prior to 1548 never exceeded a Henrician noble, of the value 
 of ten shillings, have been raised to one pound on every hundred of 
 the value of the freight, both going and coming. Requests that the 
 ancient customs may be restored, or reason for this modem innova- 
 tion be given by letter from his Majesty. Signed by his Majesty. 
 [Latin. Broadside.] 
 
 Duplicate, signed by the Council, viz. : Somerset, the Archbishop 
 of Canterbury, Rich Lord Chancellor, Warwick, and Bedford 
 [Latin. Broadside.] 
 
 Copy of the preceding in modern writing. 
 
 Another copy. 
 
 Dec. 17. 267. The Council to Sir John Masone. Mention their con- 
 Westminster, ference with the French Ambassador on the preceding Sunday, 
 when he made various trifling objections to the Commission for 
 settling depredations. Complain of the conduct of the French 
 Commissioners for the boundaries in advancing groundless claims, 
 and desire him to request an audience of the French King for the 
 purpose of remonstrance. [Five pages. Copy in Sir J. Masoue's 
 Letter-Book.] 
 
 Draft of the preceding. [Ten 2Mgcs.] 
 
 208. Sir Richnrd Morysine to Co^'il. Coniplimontai-y and apolo- 
 getic for the " toys " which he had introduood in his letters. In 
 future will do on more gravity, and keep mirth where he lifus more 
 need of it. [Three pages. Printed by Tytler, Vol. i., p. 344.] 
 
 269. " Thos(! are the iiows sent by Courtpenynk from Hamburg." 
 Giving ail account of the military o])orations "in Saxony, the sortie 
 of the be8ieg(^d in Majj;(lol)urg, and their dofont and capture of the 
 Duke of Mecklenburg, 'i'ho l''ieneli Ambassadors ju-e still in Den- 
 mark, but the object of their mission has not transpired. [Two 
 'pages. Copy, apparently by Dymock.]\ 
 
 Eod. die. 
 
 Dec. 17. 
 
 Dec. 29. 
 
 Antwcfp? 
 
EDWARD VI. 65 
 
 1550. 
 Dec. 30. 270. Sir John Masone to the Council. Had received their letter 
 Blois. of the 17th on Christmas eve, and on St. Stephen's day had audience 
 of the French King. Details this conference, and a subsequent one 
 with the Constable on the same points of remonstrance ; at both of 
 which amity was strongly professed and entreaty made for friendship 
 between the English and the Scots. Erskine arrived this day with 
 the conclusion of peace between the Emperor and the Scots. War- 
 like preparations both by sea and land are great, and the completion 
 of the siiips formerly mentioned is hastened. Lately at Court war 
 against the English had been strongly urged, on the ground of their 
 internal dissensions, want of supplies, &c. The galleys for re-con- 
 veyance of the Queen Dowager of Scots are still at Rouen. The 
 Earl of Huntly is lodged at Court, and much c.iUed to secret con- 
 ferences ; he has been twice or thrice with Masone making profession 
 of friendship to the English, explaining his escape, and his desire to 
 have a safe conduct to return by land. The French King leaves 
 soon after Twelfthtide for Tours, and is reported thereafter to go to 
 Guienne. The Landgrave had nearly escaped from Mechlin ; if he 
 had " there would have been shortly a jolly revel in Allmaigne." 
 The Rhinegrave and his brother are reconciled. Chastillon, after 
 long absence, has returned to Court, bringing with him 30 or 40 
 captains, and above 100 great horses. Among other marriages 
 " muttered," is that of the Dauphin with the Queen of Scots. 
 " Wavering Dr. Smythe,"* who is presently ipeading at Paris, begs 
 permission to return ; his leaving England " was, he sayetb, for lack 
 of living, being less ashamed to beg here than at home." States 
 his own financial difficulties ; he has exhausted his credit in Eng- 
 land, sold all his own plate, " and shall shortly be driven for A'ery 
 extremity to do the like with the King's." " If the realm be in 
 that poverty that the King's ministers of honour, who were wont 
 to be served with the first, cannot be paid six months after the day, 
 God help ! " [Fourteen pages. Copy in Sir J. Masone's Letter- 
 Book] 
 
 Dec. 30. 271. Sir Richard Morysine to Cecil.f In consequence of a post 
 Augsburg, from Rouen to Flanders having been robbed of his packets last 
 week, he essays cipher, which if Cecil be as weary with finding as 
 he is of hiding what he writes, he will henceforth be plainer. Is 
 weary both of writing, and that he can by none of his letters get 
 his diets to come a day sooner than they should. Others might 
 better shift than he can. If he is not helped soon, he shall borrow 
 no more where he borrowed last. [Two pages. Partly in cipher, 
 undeciphered.] 
 (Date torn off.) £72. John III., King of Portugal, to King Edward VI. Requiring 
 justice to be done to John Barrilerius, merchant of Oporto, whose 
 vessel, while at anchor in an Irish haven, had been attacked by 
 three British ships commanded by Thomasinus of Calais and Fru- 
 mantius Colli, and robbed, of all its cargo and 8,000 pieces of gold. 
 [Latin. Broadside.] 
 
 * Uichard Smith, formerly Eegius professor of divinity at Oxford. See Strype's EecL Memorials, II. i. 
 61. . 8to. edition. 
 
 t Although Cecil was not knighted until 11th October 1551, Horysine invariably from this date addresses 
 him as " Sir W. Cecil." 
 
 E -t- 
 
66 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1650-1. 
 
 Jan. 6. 273. Gaeret Harman, goldsmith, to Sir William CeeiL After a 
 
 [Antwerp ?] good passage he arrived at Antwerp on New-year's day, at 10 p.m. 
 whence he proceeded to Maater Channerly [Chamberlain], at Brus- 
 sels, and delivered the message. Received for answer that they 
 should have no need thereof, and it was hard to get it, because the 
 Lady Regent is not at Brussels, and that if application were made to 
 the Council for a passport, it might be thought suspicious ; therefore 
 bids him make the best shift he can to get a good ship or two as 
 needs require and to get him to Zealand with Master Gondelfings 
 [Kundelfinger] and his company, and with the first wind to sea. 
 Requests Cecil to procure for him a passport, since without it he may 
 be stayed. Having a bit of the ore in his bag, he gave it to Gon- 
 delfings and the Burgomaster, the latter of whom immediately as- 
 sayed, it, and found it so good that there is no doubt if he have ore 
 enough the King shall receive such honest profit aa will cause the 
 Council to regret that it has been so long delayed. Has had no 
 tidings of Dansell's coming, or of the money, which grieves him. 
 [Two pages.] 
 
 Jan. 7. 274'. Sir Richard Morysine to Cecil. Were well worthy bkme, 
 
 Augsburg, and unworthy either to receive long or short letters from Cecil, if he 
 did not bid his shortest welcome and give most earnest thanks for 
 them. Master Hales plieth him with precepts, and breeds a desire in 
 him, as much as he can, to please them both. Ciphering is to him 
 such a pain, as he had rather do any drudgery than fall to it, and 
 yet will he lie no more so open as he has done. Winchester's fault 
 he can no way better amend, than in doing as he did, to be most 
 against him. Well likes Mr. Wotton's wariness, and where he can, 
 does mean to follow it. He does but tell reports for the most part, 
 which is, in his fancy, a good part of his service ; as he can seldom 
 come where he may know whether they be true or otherwise. If 
 he does sometime say his conjecture, so it be thereafter hid under a 
 cipher, his lack of judgment, in guessing otherwise than it is, may 
 more justly be pitied than he shent for saying as he thinks. He 
 had rather seem unwise than unwilling to further as much as he 
 can ; and what harm do councillors take, when he has said, which 
 may think as they see cause and do what they best like? That he is 
 so open, the fault is Fortune's, and many times not his. He some- 
 times hears news of importance when he has scarce time to write 
 them ; if he shall send them, they must go as they may ; if he stays 
 them for cipher, they may come thither by other means, and he be 
 shent for leaving his duty undoiie. He supposes his letters come 
 into England unseen ; if they do not the Emperor is content men 
 shall write the success of rebels as well as his good fortunes. 
 He may be bold to favour that he ought, when W. made at his 
 discourses to set up that he ought to have beaten down. Will follow 
 him but when he is forced ; k-arii to paixlon faults, and he will make 
 the fewer. Cucil will perceive what charges will grow newly to him ; 
 if the Emperor gouH into Hungary, he must eiui&r send home his 
 wife or keep at Argentine [Strasburg] ; do which he wiU, he is half 
 undone. Marvels that his diet money cometh not ; if that will not 
 Horvc witli more, is it ruawon ho lacks it ? Prays Cecil will cry upon 
 Mr. Hales to sell his western land ; ho left commission witli him, 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 67 
 
 1550-1. 
 
 Jan. 8. 
 [Antwerp ?] 
 
 Jan. 18. 
 Greenwich, 
 
 Eod. die. 
 
 Jan. 19. 
 Blois. 
 
 Jan. 20. 
 
 Blois. 
 
 and writes every post to him for it. He would be able someways to 
 entice some to bring him advertisements. His geldings have hitherto 
 served, he must now seek other shifts. May no licence be granted to 
 him but licence to want, and few to pity him 1 " Good Mr. Cecil, 
 let me perceive that you have made my scuse of not writing, and 
 that he hath as well a mind to help me out of this beggary as 
 though I wrote daily. I wish you health, and my lady your wife 
 sick of child." 
 
 P.S. — " You must in any wise help Christopher Mount to part of 
 his money ; if not to all. I know he wanteth ; and, as little plenty 
 as I have, I was driven to pity his needs more than mine own lacks. 
 You shall at once do pleasure to twain." [Three pages.] 
 
 275. Gaeret Harman, goldsmith, to Sir William CecU. Earnestly 
 desires that this money may be paid, as these men heartily desire 
 to sei've the King. After the Burgomaster had twice or thrice 
 repeated the assay of the ore, he was as merry as if the King had 
 given him 100 pounds, and said that if he might have ore enough, 
 the whole realm should have cause to thank God for it. Out of 
 the 100 ounces would be got more than eight ounces of fine silver, 
 and half a hundred of good lead. If Cecil will show this letter to 
 the Council, they will see that he has always spoken the truth in 
 regard to this matter, and it were pity that men of no experience 
 should meddle in it, as they would lose the one half that God had 
 given to them. [One page.] 
 
 276. The Council to Sir John Masone. Acknowledge his letter 
 of the 30th December, and commend his diligence. Desire to be 
 informed what he has done in regard to the lewd French book against 
 the King, and that he may let the French King know that, however 
 anxious they are to be on friendly terms with the Scots, the latter 
 will always provoke a breach of the peace. Dr. Smith has farthered 
 his own suit by printing at Paris a slanderous book against the 
 Bishop of Canterbury. He has once deceived an Ambassador in 
 Flanders, and by likelihood would deceive another in France ; but 
 indeed they know him too well to be deceived by him. Mr. Cham- 
 berlain having lately been denied the service of his religion in 
 Flanders, they have caused the Emperor's Ambassador to procure 
 him liberty on pain of his own restraint here. Wish to know how 
 he is treated in this respect in France. Mr. Pickering's preparations 
 are well advanced, and the time of his departure will shortly 
 be made known. Orders have been issued for the payment of 
 Masone's diets. [Three pages. Copy in Sir J. Masone's Letter- 
 Book] 
 
 Draft of the preceding. [Four pages.] 
 
 277. Henry II., King of France, to King Edward VI. In favour 
 of Nicholas Guymonneau, a merchant of Orleans, whose vessel had 
 been captured by the English in 1 547, during the time of peace. 
 [Broadside. Freneh. Countersigned by Be I'Aubespine.] 
 
 278. Sir John Masone to the Council. Introducing the merchant 
 of Orleans mentioned in the preceding letter, and urging his suit, 
 
 E 2 
 
68 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1550-1. 
 
 the same being much made of by the French King and Court. 
 [One page and a half.] 
 
 Eod. die. Copy of the preceding in Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book. [One page 
 
 and a half.] 
 
 Jan. 20. 279. Sir Richard Morysine to Cecil. Is his land so increased since 
 Augsburg, liig coming out, or his substance so unknown, that men do think he 
 may serve the King without his diets ? He would he could, not that 
 he cares, " if your intrade lasted no longer mine than I have to serve 
 here." If all his doings be still misliked, he is able to do no better, 
 is sorry for it, and wishes some wise men miglit shortly call a fool 
 home. He has written so much, and to so many, that he must have 
 a new matter ere he can write more, and come home to make more 
 friends ere he can write to any more. Shall he continue at hia cares 
 where to have money, how to get his house found ? What service 
 can a mind thus distempered think upon ? or if he chance to think 
 upon any, how shall he do that he gladliest would ? He prays God 
 he come no more home, if he has not in this little while spent a 
 thousand pounds within a fifty or three score. He does ask yet but 
 his diets, and if Mr. Hales would make as good haste in selling his 
 land as he does in entreating him to it, would spend his wvn first, 
 and cry for his allowances after. Does think there be that owe him 
 their help. If they be not able to pa}- presently, he wiU bear with 
 them ; if they be, and will not, they do him a good deal of Avroug. 
 He cannot serve without heart, nor live without money. Can less 
 bear this his infelicity, that he must be where spending is necessary, 
 where he must with unreasonable blushing borrow and still fail his 
 day. Had rather write of other things, but sorrow guideth his 
 heart, and his hand the pen. God send him once home, and he 
 trusts he shall better indent ere he come forth again. Will stop, 
 and let rage of his race, praying that by some means or other he 
 may be holpen to his due. " And thus in frost, all out of temper, I 
 wish you more than I care for myself, health. Yours in temper and 
 out of temper." [Two pages.] 
 
 Jan. 22. 280. Sir John Masone to the Council. Requests passports for one 
 Blois. year may be granted to Sir Hugh Campbell, Sherifi" of Avr, his son 
 Matthew, their two wives, and eight servants, to go from and return 
 to France througli England ; and as Sir Hugh intends to purchase 
 here three or four curtails, begs that they luay be allowed to paas 
 without staying, any restraint to the contrary, if such there be, not- 
 withstanding. [One page.] 
 
 Jan. 22. 281, Same to same, Tt('(]nosting pnssjiorts for Mr. Hugh Kennedy 
 iJ'oi". and Mr. Ringan (Nini.ui) Craiistduu, two Scottish gentlemen, with 
 seven or cii^ht attendjinls, their hcisos and other necessaries, to go to 
 Scotland through ICiinJaiid ; also that such stoned horses or curtadls as 
 lui might (h^nins— one or tW(J being at the most — shall pass without 
 restraint. [One jxigc \ 
 
 Jan, 23. 282. Same to same. Apprizes them of the departure of Mons. de 
 
 U'oi"' Lansac, a native of Guienne and "gentleman for the mouth," who 
 
 has been sent by the French King aa a mediator for peace between 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 69 
 
 1550-1. 
 
 Kod. die 
 
 Jan. 24. 
 Blois. 
 
 Jan. 28 
 
 Greenwich. 
 
 Jan 29. 
 Greenwich. 
 
 Jan. 31. 
 Greenwich. 
 
 Feb. 3. 
 Augsburg. 
 
 England and Scotland. Again refers to the case of the merchant of 
 Orleans mentioned in his letter of the 20th. The military prepara- 
 tions are supposed to be against the Emperoi-. " This Court was 
 never so secret, and therefore the harder it is to know any certainty 
 of things but a;S time shall reveal them." The Chancellor of France 
 has been recently dismissed, on the ground, as common report goes, 
 that he was too slow for the office ; but wise men think there was 
 some other matter. " This Court is all set upon pastimes, and be- 
 tween Candlemas and Stu'ovetide shall the marriages go forward 
 with much triumph." [Four pages and a half.] 
 
 Copy of the preceding in Sir John Masone's Letter-Book. [Four 
 pages.] 
 
 283. Sir John Masone to the Council. Requesting letters of safe 
 conduct for Sir James Douglas, of Donnelanerycke (Drumlanrig), 
 with eight or ten servants, returning to Scotland through England, 
 and that the sama may be sent by John Douglas, who will wait upon 
 their Lordships for Lord Maxwell's safe conduct. [Orie page.] 
 
 284). The Council to Sir John Masone. Introducing to him a secret 
 agent, " one that Balneys (Balneaves) the Scot hath committed of 
 trust to be in France," and who will bring to him as much intelli- 
 gence as the Scots have. They have given him lOZ. towards his 
 charge. [Half a page. Noted by Masone to have been written in 
 cipher. Copy in Sir John Masone's Letter-Booh] 
 
 285. Same to same. In consequence of intelligence received from 
 France, Scotland, and elsewhere, that the great military preparations 
 by the French are intended against England, they desire him to 
 learn from the French King himself their meaning in these pre- 
 parations. [One page. Copy in Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book] 
 
 286. Same to same. Introducing the bearer, Mr. Dudley, who 
 accompanies the Vidame to France, and requesting that the usual 
 attentions and good services may be shown to him. [Half a page. 
 Copy in Sir J. Masone's Letter-Boole] 
 
 287. Sir Richard Morysine to Cecil. Has now in all received 
 three letters from him ; as glad of these as sorry that any sent from 
 him should come short. Was in his last letter, as by this is sure 
 Cecil perceives, wonderfully cumbered for lack of money. At home 
 he had not many that ever he durst open his lips to borrow of them 
 any money ; and here he would fain be taken for no beggar, not 
 that he passes so much to be one, as that, being so counted, he shall 
 be less able to do good service. The rest of his calling be able to 
 lash and lay on, and he, poor soul, must oft lose his night's rest, 
 for that he cannot day it as others do. Thanks him for his friend- 
 ship and services. If he had heard of his money before, his warm 
 letter, which he sent last of all, had frozen itself to nothing. " Let 
 my lady, your wife, take heed she writes no Greek, for if she do, 
 Joannes Sturmius is like to see it Mr. Ascham hath already done 
 her errand to him, and, I do believe, you and she shall shortly see 
 their letters in print. I will not, for all my saying, do more than 
 shall stand well with both your pleasures ; and yet, lest she chide 
 
70 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
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 me for some others' quarrel, it were my best to say I would show 
 her letters to strangers ; so I know she would be afraid to chide me. 
 But, what she will, she can write to few that will give her more 
 thanks for a curst letter than I. And yet, let her take heed, for I 
 can, as you may see by my last, speak apace when I am angry." His 
 wife sends her commendations to Cecil and his lady, wishing that when 
 the former is at Court without her the latter were here. Is glad 
 Mr. Pickering goeth into France, and hopes he shall easily maintain 
 amity at the Court there. "Ha-mp it-ev rj elpijvri toTj avifiuvoi; r'ayaia 
 iruvra. t/xtsi, oZtui Se ■noKKa ra \<nta.pSt, xai KaxeL ex TcO itoKefiou yiWai. 
 He means as he writes, and wishes they might for three years war 
 with nobody. [Three pages.] 
 
 Feb. 7. 288. Francis Peyto to the Earl of Warwick. Hears nothing 
 
 Florence. farther of the General Council proclaimed at Rome. Some doubt 
 expressed as to its proceeding, as many things may feill before May- 
 day to let the same. Favours have been offered to him of late, as, 
 with the occasion of their so granting, the inclosure will show ; to 
 these his reply is deferred, because they be from Borne removed 
 It is such as may both well excuse the not accepting, and also still 
 maintain him in his credit. The Pope gives himself good time in 
 feasts and triumphs which have been made this carnival He is 
 liberal of his pardons, for in this city be many of his jubilees. He is 
 known altogether to be imperial, and only favourer of that fection. 
 He rather attendeth to enrich his own, than of Cardinals to aug- 
 ment the number ; for hitherto there is but one that hath the hat, 
 where many more were hoped. The Genoese are deceived in their 
 vain hope, for at present Don Diego is there, and doth eftsoons 
 return the labourers to the fortress, with whom it is there now 
 matter of state that will with words gainsay the same. So is the 
 liberty there enlarged ! Spaniards keep them vmder awe, whose 
 number daily increaseth in the country thereabouts, but in the city 
 not yet received. On the 25th ult. Don Garcia, son to the Viceroy 
 of Naples, and brother to the Duchess here, passed in post this way 
 to Augsburg. He seeks from the Emperor the reversion of Prince 
 Doria's room upon the seas. Hitherto he has only had charge of 
 the Neapolitan galleys, with which he has so well behaved, espe- 
 cially in the late taking of Africa, that he is thought likely to obtain 
 his object ; and the rather because of his brother-in-law, the Duko, 
 a man of whose help oftimes the Emperor is served, and maketh 
 good stay in his affairs in Italy, He is also a Prince of wise and 
 notable government, as by his proceedings daily is declared. It is 
 thought that the Bishoji of Rome and the Duke here will shortly 
 raise some men to send to the service of the Emperor in Hungary, 
 where he has recently gained from the Turk a strong fortress, with 
 the death of many that won- thcroin. 
 
 I'.S. Hn.s just received iVoni Rome a letter of Slst January, copy 
 of which ho annexes to the inclosure. Is uncertain what may be 
 the foundation of theso conjectures, but will prove if he may learn 
 the same. [One ixnje and a half.'] Incloses, 
 
 288. I. Copy letter from Rome of '[Ith January. Advises him 
 tv prevent Henry Stafford, who, at coming horn, is likely 
 
EDWARD VI. 71 
 
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 to do Mtti small pleasure, with a wise letter to some of 
 his friends. He may thank his Lord's Grace and his 
 uncle, who has of late spoken to the former in his behalf, 
 and obtained a promise of effectual recommendation of 
 him to any Prince of Italy, where he thinks he may best 
 be entertained, and like a gentlema/n, in case he would 
 willingly forsake all that he has in England, and return 
 to Christ's laws. Writer will comm,unicate his m,vnd 
 more at length in next letter ; meanwhile, let him consider 
 which he should prefer of these four, the Buhe of Florence, 
 Duke of Urbino, Duke or Cardinal of Mantua, or Don 
 Diego, all of whom are his Lord's entire friends. Were 
 the writer to choose, he would select Urbino, for tlie quiet- 
 ness of that state, before the rest ; he has a singular friend 
 in good estimation both with the Duke and Duchess 
 there to further Peyto in that behalf; but let him do as 
 his heart likes best. 
 
 288. II. Letter of Slst January. Of his Lord of Sarum, and 
 the writer's love and affection, towards him,, he needs never 
 to doubt, for he shcdl find them always ready to his 
 advancement. By a former letter he might perceive in 
 what state Mr. Thomas Stafford, his Lord's nephew, stands 
 with his Grace, whom, writer takes to be of such grace and 
 qualities that perchance the time may come that both he 
 and Peyto may be glad, not only to serve him, but that 
 he ever cam,e into these parts. He is not a little affec- 
 tionate to Peyto upon his uncle's report and that of the 
 writer ; so that Peyto, being little older than he, may be 
 hereafter better able to serve him than the writer, whose good 
 years be almost past. No man living knows what he may 
 come to. Conjectures more things than may be thought on, 
 a/iid therefore writes this as a warning, that when the 
 tirme comes, Peyto may say the writer prophesied this long 
 before. Let him in the tneanwhile proceed diligently in 
 obtaining virtue, and serve God faithfully, and put not 
 all his confidence and trust in a little plot of land he has 
 at home, which every hour may be taken from him. Has 
 . been absent from Rome with his Lord's Grace for 15 days, 
 for which. reason he did not write last week. [One page.^ 
 
 Feb. 7. 289. Sir JohnMasone to the Council. Had received ty Francisco 
 Blois. their letter, of the 29th January, on Monday, the 2d curt., at 7 p.m. 
 Next morning requested audience, which was deferred for two days 
 on account of the great pastimes invited. Gives an account of 
 the King's and courtiers' tilting, the processions and masks, to which 
 the Ambassadors were invited, and had places prepared for them ; 
 and of the grand banquet made by the Cardinal of Lorraine, at 
 which the King himself was steward of the feast and the Constable 
 clerk of the kitchen, " to which also were bade the Ambassadors, to 
 see but not to feed." He " never saw a more goodly or a richer 
 sight. A man would have thought that all the jewels in Christen- 
 dom had been assembled together, so gorgeously were the dames 
 
72 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
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 beset witli i,nvat numbers of thcTii, both their heads and bodies.'' 
 On Friday had audience of the King after dinner. Details at much 
 len{:jtli their conversation, and a subsequent one with the Constable, 
 in both of which the most jio.sitive assurances of friendship and 
 disckimer of any hostile intentions were given. The general belief 
 is, that the preparations are designed against the Emperor, whose 
 Ambassador " standeth in such doubt, as he hath already sent 
 away his wife." Divers bands have been sent lately to Piedmont 
 and some into Burgundy ; and the Emperor, on the other side, 
 makes himself strong in both places. The preparations made of 
 soldiers are most in Gascoigne and Burgundy. The Swiss are, by 
 all means, entertained, and so are all such states of Italy as these 
 men make any account of. The strife between the Bishop of Kome 
 and the King for the archbishopric of Marseilles is ended, and the 
 Bishop for this time hath his mind. The harangue against the 
 English made at Court was by the prothonotary Monluc, in presence 
 of the King, the Queen of Scots, the Cardinal of Lorraine, and 
 Mons. de Guise, assembled to discuss the pacification of matters in 
 Scotland. " It should seem he brast out therewith ex dbimdantia 
 cordis, and of his cankered malice towards us." Had brought the 
 matter of the lewd book before the Council ; states what occurred on 
 the occasion. Has discovered that the author is Peter Hogue, " who 
 hath long sei-ved in all practices between the subjects and the Prince 
 against whom this King hath meant hostility. He was first Secre- 
 tary to Rincon, and sithen to Poulin, and lastly he was joined with 
 Monluc in Scotland and Ireland, and was at the commotion time 
 in habit dissembled in England. But, finally being sent to the 
 Emperor's countries to make some stir there, he is taken, and lieth 
 by the feet in Riplemonde, like to have that that he hath long sithen 
 deserved." This Peter wrote the book, but as far as he can learn 
 it was published by the said malicious Monluc, who is now in Gas- 
 cony, and to whom they have promised shortly to speak withal. 
 Concerning the service of his religion, he has ever since his coming to 
 the Court, used on the holidays, for the most part, the communion, 
 and some time in the working days the common prayers, which he 
 causes to be done in the open place where he dines and sups, and 
 at such an hour as the end thereof, for the most part, meets with 
 the beginning of his dinner, and hitherto never found any man fault 
 therewith, and yet have a good number at Sunday times come to 
 the God- speed of it, as well Frenchmen as Scots. Is informed 
 that certain rovers have gone from these quarters to lie about the 
 coast of Devonshire and Cornwall, among which, bi«ides Scots and 
 French, are many Englishmen. The blind Scot, that nnraeth him- 
 self Archbishop of Armachan [Armagh], passed by this Court five 
 or six days ago, and was very mucli made of; he has gone in 
 post to Rome, being appointed to be one of the doera in the 
 Counnil. Captain I'oulin is restored to liberty. Chastillon is now 
 in gi-oat cn^dit. His heart is made to Meed bj- hearing the base sort 
 of the Court, both Scots and French, who are glad to hear anything 
 to the disadvantage of tlie Kufflish docti'ine, t^vlk of the buying and 
 selling of offices in England, tiie di'caying of grammar schools and 
 the Universities, with many other enormities, which they show one 
 
EDWARD VI. 73 
 
 1650-1. 
 
 to another, printed in English books, and set forth by English 
 preachers. Rolfe has come in hia old ago to be a student in Orleans. 
 The Portuguese Ambassador, having a suit in England for certain 
 plate and other things spoiled upon the sea, has requested him to 
 "write to their Lordships for favourable justice. He is a right honest 
 man, therefore it were a good deed if he might be restored to some 
 part of what he has lost. Desires to know what answer he shall 
 give to the Earl of Huntly, who often sends to him touching his 
 passport. [Eleven pages.] 
 
 Eod. die. Copy of the preceding in Sir John Masone's Letter-Book. 
 
 [Eleven pages and a half.'] 
 
 Feb. 16. 290. The Council to Sir John Masone. Acquaint him with the 
 Westminster, proceedings at their conferences with Mons. de Lansac on the subjects 
 of his mission, viz., the settling of differences between them and the 
 Scots as to boundaries, the ransom of prisoners, free traffic on sea 
 and land between the English and Scots, &c. The main propositions 
 had been agreed to, and what remained are to be arranged by Masone 
 and Sir William Pickering, who is shortly to be sent to France on a 
 special mission. The Bishop of Winchester was yesterday deprived 
 of his bishopric, " and in his disobedience and obstinate refusing 
 of the King's Majesty's mercy and favour, showed not only a wilful 
 pride, but also a cankered heart of an evil subject." [Six pages. 
 Draft.] 
 Eod. die. Contemporary copy of the preceding. [Six pages.] 
 
 Eod. die. Copy of the preceding in Sir John Masone's Letter-Book, with 
 
 copy of the articles delivered by Mons. de Lansac, and extract fi'om 
 a treaty between Edward IV. and James III. of Scotland, referred 
 to in the letter, and which are not in the drafts. [Nine pages.] 
 
 Feb. 17. 291. Same to same. Sir William Pickering has departed with 
 Westminster, a joint commission for Masone and himself, as mentioned in their 
 former letter ; think that as Masone has more readiness in the 
 French tongue, that he should take upon him the handling of the 
 arguments contained in the instructions sent in their last. On the 
 same day that Lansac had received his answer, news arrived from 
 the Captain of Berwick and Sir Robert Bowes that the Governor 
 was at Edinburgh with all the French troops in Scotland and the 
 complement of five or six Scottish ships, for the purpose, as was 
 repoi-ted, of going to the borders to punish certain thieves in Lid- 
 desdale, but in reality, as the Captain of Berwick was informed, to 
 make a sudden attack upon that town. Of this they had apprized 
 Lansac and the French Ambassador, who were immediately to 
 despatch a messenger to Scotland to prevent hostilities. [Three 
 pages and a half. Draft] 
 Eod. die. Copy, of the preceding in Sir John Masone's Letter-Book. [Two 
 pages and a half] 
 
 Feb. 18. 292. Instructions fi-om the King and Council to Sir John Masone 
 [Westminster.] and Sir William Pickering, sent to the French King for the purpose 
 of settling the mission of Mons. Lansac by an amicable arrange- 
 ment of all the differences between England and Scotland. [Eighteen 
 pages. Draft] 
 
74 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
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 Eod. die. Copy of the preceding in Sir John Masone's Letter-Book. [Eight 
 
 pages.] 
 
 Feb. 19. 293. John Dymoclc to Cecil, Magdeburg is besiieged by Duke 
 Antwerp ? Maurice, and within these 20 days the inhabitants have given 
 him two or three hot skirmishes, and have taken the Earl of Anholt 
 with 30 or 40 gentlemen prisoners. The citizens of Magdeburg 
 are victualled for two years and are not minded to yield, unless that 
 they may remain by their privileges and their religion. Duke 
 Maurice's soldiers begin to murmur for want of pay. The King of 
 ' Denmark has sent his Ambassador to the Emperor, and so have the 
 six Wendish cities, to see if they can obtain peace for Magdeburg 
 and Bremen, and if they cannot, then they wall help them to the 
 uttermost of their power. It is true that the Earl of Heydek and 
 the company of the Earl of Mansfeldt, of which Walderdon was 
 general, did disperse themselves, and of them Duke Maurice had five 
 ensigns, and the rest do gather again in the land of Lunenburg. 
 The two young Earls of Mansfeldt, with the Earl of Heydek, are now 
 at Hamburg. AJl these news are confirmed by Courtpenynck's 
 letter of the 5tb curt. Sends the picture of the Prince of Denmark, 
 which can be made more perfectly by Mr. William, the King's 
 Majesty's painter. [One page.] Annexed, 
 
 293. I. " Intelligence from Oortpenny and others." Loose notes 
 and opinions. [Latin. Four pages.] 
 
 Feb. 22. 294. The Council to Sir Eichard Morysine. Thank him for 
 his frequent letters. If they do not write to him as often as he 
 could desire, he must think nevertheless that his labours are well 
 liked. In his last letter he mentioned that he would speak to Mr. 
 D 'Arras for licence to have Collen cleves, lint, and certain lasts of 
 powder, according to a minute which they had sent to him, althougli 
 the terms of the same be strange and unknown as they must be to 
 him who have not haunted the wars, neither is a master of ordnance, 
 as his predecessor was. The Collen cleve is a staflf commonly bought 
 at the city of Cologne, whereof the lance or staff is made that a man 
 of arms runneth withal ; and if he yet doubts, then be they that the 
 Latin men call hastce puroa. He has judged right enough upon the 
 lint. He may choose whether he will sue by the name of a last or 
 of a rental. The Bishop of Winchester is deprived of his bishopric 
 by ordinary judgment, in which process he has had as much liberty 
 and help as the law could anywise give him. He had counsellors boUi 
 on the ecclesiastical law and that of the realm, and, because they 
 should not make any pretext of fear, they were required to give the 
 Bishop what counsel they could for his just defence, and to speak 
 themselves what they coul<i by their learning. Notwithstanding this, 
 the Bishop's fault wns such, by his long continued contumacy, as no 
 toxt could justlydefend him ; and to augment his own fault, in the 
 very procoas of his defence he misu.sod himself so much as if his crime to 
 which he answered had not been sufficient to have taken his bishopric 
 away. His lewd behaviour mid ilisobedience in excusing of dis- 
 obedience would not ptMinit him to remain a Bishop at liberty which 
 could not be an obedient subject at a bar. He railed upon his 
 judges, Boiight to defame the whole estate of the realm, and in the 
 whole showed himself a subject utterly given to disquiet. Of late 
 
EDWARD VI. 75 
 
 1550-1. 
 
 the Emperor's Ambassador has moved them that the Lady Mary- 
 might freely retain the ancient religion in such sort as her father 
 left it in this realm, according to a promise made to the Emperor, 
 until the King should be of more years. They denied such promise 
 had been made, except to this extent, that the K ing was content to 
 bear with her infirmity that she should for a season hear the mass in 
 her closet or privy chamber only, whereat there should be present no 
 more than they of her chamber, and no time appointed, but left to 
 the King's pleasure. Such permission the Lord Treasurer and Lord 
 Paget had made relation of to the Ambassador's predecessor at 
 Bridewell. Although they positively assured the Ambassador that 
 no such promise was ever made, yet these their answers he would 
 nowise admit, but as he is a man much unbroken and rude, he still 
 pressed them with the promise, and would not receive their flat 
 denial. Therefore they bore with him so far as to agree that ho 
 should Imve a resolute answer in three days ; and as he had alleged 
 the promise was made to the Emperor himself by some of the envoys, 
 the Lord Treasurer, Lord Paget, Sir William Petre, and Sir Philip 
 Hoby went to him and showed that such had been made neither in 
 the realm nor out of it ; showing him also by divers reasons why 
 such a reason could not be made, considering the example too 
 perilous in any commonwealth to grant a subject licence to violate 
 a law, and too dangerous for a Christian Prince to grant a liberty 
 that one of his subjects should use a religion against the conscience 
 of the Prince. In the end he still beat upon the promise without 
 any other proof than his own affirmance. Wherefore they demanded 
 from him what answer he had touching the privilege of Mr. Cham- 
 berlain in Flanders to use the manner of their church ; and they now, 
 as he says he has yet no answer, inform Morysine of these particulars 
 for his guidance. [Five pages. Draft.'] 
 
 Feb. 23. 295. Sir John Masone to the Council. Three or four days since 
 Blois. -w-as informed by a wise man and of practice, whom the French 
 King uses often in his secret affairs in Germany, that notwithstand-- 
 ing all their fair words and specious appearance, the King and Court 
 are bent upon wai- with England, and assuredly will if the Turk 
 comes into Hungiry. That this is prompted by Mons. de Guise 
 and his house, in so much as it is already half concluded to send 
 away the Queen of Scots with all convenient speed, and with her 
 300 or 400 men of arms, and 10,000 foot. His informant is much 
 affected to the English religion, and having a great desire to go to 
 England to see Bucer, may probably accompany Masone on his return, 
 when their Lordships may learn more. Endeavouring subsequently 
 to ascertain what ground there was for such assertions, had learned 
 that lately the King was highly irritated by a letter from Lord 
 Maxwell complaining of the refusal of his safe conduct ; which 
 feeling has been fomented by the Queen of Scots and her house, 
 who bear in this Court the whole swing. " The Scottish Queen 
 desireth as much our subversion, if it lay in her power, as she desireth 
 the preservation of herself, whose service in Scotland is so highly 
 taken here, as she is in this Court made a goddess. Mons. de Guise 
 and M. d'Aumale, and the Cardinal of Lorraine, partly at her egging, 
 and partly upon an ambitious desire to make their house great, be 
 no hindrance of her malicious desire." The Constable, he thinks, 
 would be content things proceeded otherwise. Recommends vigilance; 
 
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 Fisliiht duJr.e caiiit vohicrcm dam (Icrlplt ancpps. " The credit of 
 the liousc of Guise in tliis Court passeth all others. For albeit the 
 Constable hath the outward adniinstration of all things, being for 
 that service such a man as hard it were; to find the like, yet have 
 they as much credit as he with whom he is constrained to sail, and 
 many times to take that course that he liketh never a whit." 
 rrancisc(j has arrived with their Lordships' letter announcing their 
 intention to send Pickering : as it may be sometime before they can 
 have speech with the King, who is abroad hunting, and will not be 
 within eight miles of the town for five or six days, sends back 
 Francisco, who will inform them of the precarious state of his health, 
 which compels him for the most part to keep his bed. In case it 
 shall please God in the mean season either to call for him, or to con- 
 tinue him in this weakness, their Lordships shall not do amiss to 
 give Pickering commission to do the errand alone, wherein peracl- 
 venture he will otherwise be scrupulous. The malapert glory of 
 the Bishop of Winchester that was is in no place better known than 
 in this Court. This day a great many Scottish gentlemen were 
 despatched with commission to take shipping in Flanders. [Six 
 pages. Indorsed by Cecil.] 
 
 Eod. die. Copy of the preceding in Sir John Masone's Letter-Book. [Six 
 
 pages and a half.] 
 
 Feb. 24. 296. Sir Richard Morysine to Cecil. What should he look for 
 
 Augsburg. Cecil's long letters, when the shortest be so comfortable to him ? 
 It is his comfort that all his doings do not displease. His trust is 
 his time weareth fast away, and that some good chance or other will 
 send him home. If ever he comes home again, and may do anytjiing 
 with those that do send him abroad, he thinks he can say so much 
 for poor men tariying at home, that he shall be the last that shall be 
 sent with any great Court to shame himself His continual fear to 
 lack, or rather his own continual lacks, must needs grieve him, and 
 yet do they not half as much as that he is forced still to weary the 
 Lords with his beggarly complaints. He thinks they would reckon 
 him worthy some help, if they knew how his things waste away. 
 He could write of his beggary till to-morrow, and find matter plenty. 
 If he goes to anything else, now the Lords' letters are done and lie 
 almost tired, Cecil sees aigri homimis somnia how they hang toge- 
 ther. Makes suit that some clerk of the Council might write but 
 this much to men that serve abroad, " your letters written such or 
 such a day are received," &c. If Cecil were in this case, he would 
 think it as necessary as anj'thing onn bo. Unquietness beareth 
 such a rule in men's heads, while they may doubt whether things 
 come as they be sent or no, that he shall do nothing wisely that 
 feeleth that trouble, if he bo no wiser than the writer is. Cecil sees 
 he is troubled, therofdro will no longer trouble Cecil. [Ttm pages.] 
 
 Feb. 2.5. 297. List of despatches sent this day to Sir John Masone and 
 Sir William Pickering, viz. : — 
 
 1. Credentials for Sir William Pickering as Ambassador. 
 
 2. Instructions for Sir William Pickering. 
 
 3. Letter of revocation of Sir J ohn Mnsone. 
 
 4. Letters from the Council to Sir John Masone. 
 
 5. Letters to Sir William Pickering to send Thomas Dannett. 
 
 [Half a page. Indorsed by Cecil] 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 11 
 
 1550-1. 
 
 Feb. 25. 298. Letter from King Edward VI. to Sir John Masone. Re- 
 Westminster, yoking his appointment as Ambassador, and notifying that of Sir 
 William Pickering as his successor in office. [One ipage. Copy in 
 Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book.] 
 
 Feb. 26. 299. Sir John Masone to the Council. The secret agent bearing 
 Blois. their letter of 28th January arrived on the 2-1'tli curt. " He took 
 not so much leisure in his journey hitherward, as he seemed desirous 
 to make haste to return again." Being afraid of his personal safety, 
 he next evening brought as his substitute Lord Grange [Kirkaldy], 
 "who has promised to communicate to Masone all that he can learn, 
 and tells him that the departing of the Queen of Scots, and the men 
 of war had been talked of but would not likely take place this year. 
 In future correspondence Lord Grange will be named Coraxe. 
 Hears nothing of Sir William Pickering's arrival. [One page; 
 noted by Masone to have been written in cipher. Copy in Sir 
 J. Masone's Letter-BooTc.] 
 
 Feb. 27. 300. The Council to Sir John Masone and Sir William Pickering. 
 Westminster. Express liis Majesty's and their own commendation of his services 
 and regret for his illness, but request that, if he possibly can, he will 
 remain and assist Sir W. Pickering at the commencement of his 
 embassy, and thereafter return to England. Whereas they had 
 intended Sir W. Pickering to return with answer, now desire him to 
 send Mr. Dannet sufficiently instructed of their whole proceedings ; 
 and touching the offence taken at the refusal of Lord Maxwell's safe 
 conduct, direct them to explain that the frequent passage of Scots 
 and French through England is cumbrous and hurtful, and that 
 twice as many of the French King's servants as of his Majesty's, 
 pass through the realm. [Two pages. Draft. Two rough drafts 
 annexed.] 
 
 Eod. die. Copy of the preceding in Sir John Masone's Letter-Book. 
 
 March. 7. 
 Blois. 
 
 301. Sir John Masone and Sir William Pickering to the Council. 
 Sir William Pickering arrived at Blois on the 26th nit., the King 
 then being absent at the hunting, 22 English miles from that place. 
 They had audience of him at Vendome, on the afternoon of Wed- 
 nesday the 3d inst. Report at great length the particulars of their 
 conference, at which the King seemed willing to accede to the pro- 
 positions of Pickering, and said that he had caused the Queen of Scots 
 to repair to the Court from her house at Chateaudun, would speak 
 with her that day, and as shortly as might be would give such a 
 resolute answer as he doubted not would weU content Pickering. 
 Next morning the Constable sent to inform them that the King 
 was going a hunting that day, and on the following to Chateau 
 Renauld, there to remain till Sunday ; wherefore recommended them 
 to return to Blois, whither the King would come on Monday or 
 Tuesday at the farthest, when they should have their answer. As 
 soon as that is known, Pickering will return to England, for iive or 
 six days at the utmost, on most urgent private business, travelling 
 by post ; in the meantime send this by Francisco to apprize them 
 how far matters have proceeded. [Eight pages.] 
 
78 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 March 1 7. 
 Blois. 
 
 March 17. 
 Blois. 
 
 1550-1. 
 
 liod. die. Copv of the preceding in Sir John Masone's Letter-Book. [Eight 
 pages.] 
 
 March 7. 302. Sir John Masoiie to Cecil. Is so feehle that he finds it a pain 
 Blois. e\'eu to dictate to an amanuensis, but nevertheless, be he never so 
 weak, he must bestow a few lines on the acknowledgment of Cecil's 
 great fripndship in procuring liim his revocation so readily. " Maater 
 Pickering, with weeping eyes, Lath so earnestly declared the necessity 
 of his return into England, as I have adventured for him that that 
 few would do for their friends, which is my life. And the rather 
 have I done it, for that he hath laid his honesty to pledge to be here 
 again within three weeks, which time I intend to pass in some 
 village with mine ass, which I am enjoined to suck in mine old days. 
 If the nurse's milk, as physicians say, do much to the nature of tiie 
 child, you shall see me grow to a witty man." Trusts he shall have 
 his friendship as much in the speedy sending back of Sir William 
 Pickering. lOne page.] 
 
 303. Henry II., King of France, to King Edward VI. Acknow- 
 ledging receipt of his letter by Sir William Pickering, and his conces- 
 sion of such points as had been urged by Lansac ; for the completing 
 of what remains will shortly despatch a gentleman who will pass 
 through England to Scotland. [CouTiiersigned by Bochetd. Om 
 page. French^ 
 
 304. Sir John Masone to Cecil. Requests that there may be 
 no delays in the business of Sir William Pickering, who has promised 
 to return within 18 or 20 days. "These men sithen this last com- 
 mission seem much altered in disposition towards us, and in all men's 
 opinions we are like this year as the last to be friends. If they 
 mean otherwise, they be devils and no men." The Master of Erskine, 
 whom he takes to be a very honest man, and given to peace and unity, 
 wiU, with M. de Lansac, within two days be in England. [Oiiepage.] 
 
 March 18. 305. Same to the Council. The French King, having been de- 
 Blois. tained longer than he intended, did not return till late on Wednesday 
 last. On Saturday Pickering and he dined with M. de Guise and 
 the Constable, and thereafter had audience of the King, at which 
 time they expected to have had answer ; but that was deferred till 
 this Tuesday, when the King sent M. de Lansac to Pickering with a 
 fair chain of 700 crowns, very little lacking. Lansac mentioned 
 that the French Ambassador in Scotland, the Master of Erskine, and 
 himself were appointed to act as Commissioners on the aflairs of the 
 frontiers ; but the fourth, who it is supposed will be a bishop, had 
 not been determined upon. Lansac is to be despatched on Thursday, 
 and is to visit the King of England niid the Council on his way. 
 The Constable and Masone have had much conversation on affairs in 
 general, in the course of which the former desired that these visita- 
 tions between the two Princes mi^'htbo often, »indthat now and then 
 the King of linghmd would send to visit this King with some com- 
 modity of the realm, cither with dogs, bows, or an'ows, &a, and his 
 master again would do the like with horse, harness, and other the 
 commodities of this realm. Such, he said, had been the old manner 
 of entertainiiiij; of friendship. Tiio Constable afterwards alluded to 
 their having suppressed the late lewd book entitled La response du 
 
EDWARD VI. 79 
 
 1550-1. 
 
 peuple Anglois, and wished that the English would contend with 
 them in signs of amity. He then said that their Lordships, in deny- 
 ing him a safe conduct, which at the first bruit had not been most 
 pleasantly taken, had done Lord Maxwell a better turn than they 
 were aware of, for he was in Scotland in three days, and in case he 
 had passed by England it would have cost him much more. The 
 Constable fai-ther complained of the tardiness of justice in England, 
 instancing the case of a robbery of a French merchant at Dover ; 
 also complained that M. de Lansac's servant had been robbed on this 
 side of Calais during his recent journey, notwithstanding he had 
 a passport. M. d'Estrees, the Master of the Ordnance, has lately 
 been to Brest for the purpose of shipping certain ordnance and 
 munition under the charge of a Scottish gentleman. These are 
 said to be for Scotland, but Masone is much afraid that they are in- 
 tended for Ireland. The Scots begin to mislike very much their 
 coming hither ; and in case they were at home again, he thinks a 
 great many of the best of them would hardly be allured out. The 
 building of the forts in Scotland is also distasteful to them, as they 
 fancy that these are meant more for the keeping short of them than 
 for the safety of the country. Since her coming hither, the Queen 
 has well provided for herself and her friends, having obtained 60,000 
 francs per ann. for the maintenance of her estate, and 50,000 more 
 to bestow as she shaU see cause. The intended disarmament of the 
 galleys has been stayed, it is supposed, on account of some design 
 against Parma. Some of Chastillon's captains have been sent to 
 Provence to have 24 ensigns of soldiers in readiness to march at an 
 hour's notice. Some think there is to be a sudden exploit upon 
 Lorraine, whence Mons. de Vaudemont has lately arrived. Mr. Dudley 
 had informed him that two of the English garrison of Berwick who 
 had long and secret conference with the Vidame while at Edin- 
 burgh, are presently in France ; having heard no more from him, 
 presumes that Mr. Dudley has communicated with their Lordships 
 thereon. The King goes to Brittany shortly after Easter. Hopes 
 that Pickering will arrive ere then. [Six pages.] Incloses, 
 
 305. I. Complaint by Jean Turquois, servant of M. de La/nsac, 
 thai he had been robbed of 41 crowns of the sun near 
 Calais, notwithstanding he had exhibited his passport. 
 [In French. Half a page.] 
 
 305. II. Letter by John Watson to Masone, as to the suppressing 
 of the booh complained of; " and as that m,atter is well 
 appeased, so the preachers of Paris this Lent speak their 
 pleasure of us, and, forgetting all honesty, call us heretics 
 and count us with the Lutherans by na/me ; and Br. 
 Smyth's good furtherance lacks not thereunto in his 
 ■ letters." [Half a page. Both indorsed by Masone.] 
 
 Eod. die. Copy of the preceding in Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book, without the 
 
 inclosures. [Seven pages.] 
 
 March 20. 806. Sir John Masone to the Council. Requesting a safe conduct 
 Blois, for the Archbishop of Glasgow and his retinue, desiring to go to 
 and return from Scotland through England. [Half a page.] 
 
80 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1550-1. 
 
 March 21. 307. Henry II., King of France, to King Edward VI. Re-cre- 
 Blois. di'ntials of the H'wuv de Lansac, sent to England on the matters 
 contained in tho letter brought by Sir William Pickering [Ooun- 
 Urahjncd hj Boclietel. One page. French.] 
 
 March 23. 308. Sir Richard Morysine to Cecil. Perceives by Mr. Hales 
 Augsburg, that his ciphering now doth as much cumber Cecil as his lying too 
 open at the first gave occasion for warning him to play closer. Sees 
 that in vitium duett cidpcefuga «i caret arte, a,nd will from hence- 
 forth mean to hit the mean. Were Cecil in his place, believes that 
 he would send few of those things open-faced that are now covered 
 with cipher. Mr. Hales says he is too merry. He must answer 
 and say they be morosiores quam quibua morem gerere vel queat 
 vel velit, that cannot allow him more mirth than he at any times 
 hitherto has used. Mr. Hales writes that he has spoken to Cecil to 
 help that the Lords may license him to have his diets in leather. 
 " If you think I could be content to put you in silk, see that you 
 help to clad me in leather." It is a mean spur to service to be 
 always wanting ; but he dares not touch this string, it maketh hun 
 all day after out of temper. [Three pages.] 
 
 March 23. 309. Sir John Masone to the Council. Although the Master of 
 Blois. Erskine and M. de Lansac were to have left last Thursday, they had 
 been detained until this present Tuesday, " the occasion whereof is 
 the far lying of the Chancellor from the Court, without whom, 
 albeit he be removed from the seal, they conclude no great matter 
 here ; so much do they esteem a wise and a faithful servant, not- 
 withstanding some displeasure taken with him upon a private mat- 
 ter. The Master of Erskine seems to be of a plainer sort than many 
 are of that country, and to mean very much the sincere reconciUation 
 of the two nations together. M. de Lansac has everywhere made 
 honourable report of their Lordships' courteous handling of him. 
 M. d'Estrees has returned, but the vessel mentioned in his letter 
 of the 18th has been stayed. The Rhinegrave has returned from 
 Denmark to a house of his wife in Gascony, albeit he was in sundry 
 places by the way narrowly laid for. The Turk prepares 200 galleys 
 for the recovery of Afi-ica, to the great fear of all the coast of Italy, 
 Sicily, and the islands in the Mediterranean. Much practice of late 
 to make Parma hold of the French King in like manner as the 
 state of Mirandola, and M. de Thermes, under pretence of going to 
 Rome as Ambassador, has been some time there for that purpose, to 
 the concluding whereof M. St. Pierre has very lately been des- 
 ])atched hence in post. The Bishop of Rome winks at this, and 
 thereby liiis provoked the choler of the Emperor, who cannot but 
 must much storm thereat, since it will give the French King a hold 
 to do great harm in 1 taly whou he i)leases. There has been a great 
 skirmisli betwoiu Don Fernando and Sif>nor Octavio touching the 
 <|:uestion of the frontiers of Parma and Piacenza, wherein many men 
 arc miscarried ; and news havi^ been received that Signer Octavio 
 hiiH beaten down all the Emperor's arms and crosses, and planted in 
 their pliKuiH tiio arms of France. Recommends the case of the 
 French merchant at Dover, as one very evident, even by the deposi- 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 81 
 
 1550-1. 
 
 £od. die. 
 
 tions of the inhabitants of Dover, and demanding speedy justice. 
 Begs them to hasten the return of Pickering. [Three pages. Fartly 
 in cipher, deciphered.] 
 
 Masone's Letter-Book. [I'hree 
 
 March 24. 
 Blois. 
 
 Copy of the preceding in Sir J. 
 pages.] 
 
 310. Sir John Masone to Cecil. Supplies the lack of public mate- 
 rials by writing on his own affairs. " I hang here now altogether in 
 the expectation of Mr. Pickering's return ; and never looked the Jew 
 so much for his Messias as I do for him, trusting nevertheless shortly 
 to have better accompt of his coming than the Jew is like to have of 
 Messias." The Commission will be brought to a better issue if they 
 choose apt men for it. For the learned men would wish Dr. Bellasis 
 to be one, who is grave, learned, languaged, and born not far from 
 those parts where this assembly is likely to be. Thanks him for the 
 matter of All Souls' College, and is sorry to understand that the 
 world is come to that corruption that men of honest reputation can 
 be content to be suborned in so lewd a matter. " Surely if colleges 
 shall not be sufiFered to make the best of their lands, we must look 
 shortly for the ruin of them, specially such as be not founded with 
 any great dotation, of which number is this poor college, one which 
 having not much above 400?. lands a year, is charged daily with 
 above 80 persons." Has never sought preferment for his son, and 
 would rather he should starve than by any unlawful means rob the 
 livings of the poor. Again refers to the case of the French merchant 
 at Dover. l_Two pages.J 
 
 311. Same to the Council. Eequesting a passport for the Master 
 of Erskine's father and son, with their retinue, and for Mr. Thomas 
 Barclay, Scotsman, with six servants, all returning to Scotland 
 through England. [One page.] 
 
 March 30. 312. William Duke of Cleves, to King Edward VI. Letters of 
 Cieves. credence in favour of Herman Cruser, Doctor of Laws, who visits 
 England on business of the Duke's sister. [One page.] 
 
 April 5. 313. Peter Vannes to the Council. Since his last letter to their 
 Venice. Lordships of the 21st March, has received theirs of 26th Feb. 
 by M. Bartholomew Compaigne. Has had various conversations 
 with the Ambassadors and divers other gentlemen of the state in 
 reference to the proceedings against the Bishop of Winchester. The 
 French Ambassador said, that although he had judged the said 
 Bishop to be a learned man, yet notwithstanding in France he was 
 always taken for a man of great pertinacy in all his doings, and 
 nothing their friend. Had also on Easter-day communicated to the 
 Seigniory the whole matter, but it is little spoken of here, although 
 perhaps some curious persons might suppose otherwise, for here it is 
 thought most necessary, and exactly observed, that for the conser- 
 vation of great estates, obediency and conformity of orders ought 
 chiefly to be advanced and maintained. Has perceived their Lord- 
 ships' remarks concerning Horsmaden [Horsmonden], and has already 
 appointed a very discreet and wise friend, who is lately gone to Rome 
 on private business, to bring himself by some feigned oocaaion in ac- 
 
 p -1- 
 
 1551. 
 
 March 26. 
 Blois. 
 
82 FOUEIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1561. 
 
 quaintance with such fugitives and wandering Englishmen as be there, 
 allowing in some part their sayings, to the intent that the more 
 boldly they may enlarge their commimication, as Friar Peto, Pates, 
 and a Scot, being Bishops titularee et nulla terientes in England 
 and Ireland. Horsmonden has divers kinds of bare shifts, using 
 commonly one of them, appointing one way and taking another, 
 not tarrying long in a plax;e, shifting his journeys according to his 
 wit. After secretly leaving Venice, he went to Milan, where he met 
 a person, from whom, making his moan, as he was wont to do, that 
 he was robbed of great sums of money, making himself of the King's 
 blood, and going in great affairs, he borrowed 20 crowns and 
 certain letters of favour. Thence he went to Lucca, having with him 
 Winslow, showing secretly that he knew Vannes well in England, 
 but saying nothing of his often dining with him in Venice, boasting 
 that if some gentleman of Lucca who had for a while been Ambassa/- 
 dor to the Emperor, should see him, he would speak with him cap in 
 hand. For all this, being nothing set by, he went his way, wandering 
 aU his journey on foot for falling, though as he pretends, for his plea- 
 sure and exercise. So that wherever he may presently be, he is 
 no doubt known for a light merchant. Such light wanderers, for all 
 their devices and babbling words, can do no prejudice to England, 
 as aU the noblemen and gentlemen of Italy are greatly affectionate 
 to the King's Majesty. As to what he had written to their Lord- 
 ships respecting Englishmen repairing hither under the protest of 
 studying languages and seeing countries, all he means to do is to 
 ascertain after what sort they departed out of England, and as nigh as 
 he can to have knowlege of their conversations and communications. 
 Has publicly denied the report set forth by the Bishop of Bome's 
 Legate, that a number of soldiers were going out of England into 
 Ireland to defend that country and for rebellion. Has no certain 
 knowledge of the Turk's preparations, but was informed by a friend 
 that he heard the Cardinal of Trent say that there was likely to be 
 no war in Hungary this year except defensive skirmishings on the 
 frontiers. Nevertheless the Venetians prepare to send 300 or 400 
 men for the defence of Corfu. Tlie Prince of Spain is expected in 
 Italy, with a good number of horse and foot ; some think he will go 
 to Spain, others that he will spend the summer in Italy, and levy 
 large contributions, for what use unknown. 
 
 P.S. Two days ago a young Scotsman of the name of John Bog, 
 brother to Nichol Bog, of the Lohene [Lothian], servant to Lord 
 Bothwell, visited him on his way from Rome to England through 
 Germany. Was informed by this Bog that a certain Scottish friar, 
 blind of both his eyes, named Archbishop of Armaclian, accompanied 
 with another Archbishop and Bishop of Ireland, being both Irishmen, 
 was prcparodto goto Ireland after Easter, the Bishop of Rome having 
 granted to him divers kinds of faculties, as pardons, dispensations, 
 and the like. He has y;ot the palm whieh the Bishop of Rome carried 
 ln.st Palm Sunday, and has caused it to be dressed solemnly, to be 
 taken with him into Ireland, there to make a relic of the same. Bog 
 had travelled with this blind Bishop to Rome from France, the French 
 King at his doi)iu'ting having given the Bishop a certain reward and 
 letters of reconunendation to the Bishop of Meryposey [Mirepoix] 
 
EDWARD VI. B3 
 
 1551. 
 
 beside Narbonne now at Kome, who should both bear his charge and 
 farther his business there, and in whose house the same blind Bishop 
 with two of his men resided. Bog also told him that, being in Genoa 
 at the time of Andrew Doria's departing to Africa, he there met 
 Horsmonden, whom he had well known previously both in Scotland 
 and in France. Addressing him by the name of Horsmonden, he 
 denied it, saying that it was a name given him for pleasure by the 
 Scottish Queen, and that his real name was Stafford, being bastard 
 son to the Duke of Buckingham, and that he did there labour to be 
 retained on wages and to go with Doria into Barbary. Horsmonden, 
 Bog described as a banished man from England, who being a servant 
 of the Scottish Queen, passed into France, and while there always 
 associated with one Stourton, till at length, by reason of his ill 
 behaviour with certain Italians, he was compelled to leave the 
 country. He told Bog that when at Milan he had met with a Dutch 
 merchant belonging some time to the Duke of Suffolk, to whom he 
 showed that he had coming out of England from the Lord Stafford 
 his brother, by exchange into Antwerp, the sum of 100 crowns 
 (doubtless a lie), the receipt whereof being far from his journey, he 
 agreed with this Dutch merchant to receive of him upon his credit 
 certain ready money, and had a bill unto Sardinia, there to receive 
 certain harness to the value of 30 crowns and 70 crowns in ready 
 money, for the repayment of which he had given to the Dutchman 
 his letter of credit to Lord Stafford and the merchant in Antwerp. 
 Bog thinks plainly that he has gone to Africa in the galleys. Thus 
 their Lordships may see how this man shifts the world with lyings 
 and crafty inventions. [Uight pages.] Annexed, 
 
 313. I. "Intelligence from Mr. Peter Vannes," containing 
 chiefly the iTwidents mentioned in subsequent letter of 
 26th April. [Italian. Two pages.] 
 
 April 6. 314. Draft letter. The Council to Sir Richard Morysine. Have 
 received his letters of the 10th, 16th, and 24th of March. Recom- 
 mend him to reciprocate the great gentleness and familiarity of the 
 French Ambassador and to use all such parts of friendship and good 
 office towards him as may answer to the good amity which is between 
 their masters. On the sending hither of a special gentleman, Sir 
 William Pickering had been sent to the French King on the affairs 
 of Scotland. The King's men of war have ever since these last wars 
 kept a little house near the frontiers of Berwick, which the Scots 
 call Edrington and the English Cawe Mill. They have also forbidden 
 the Scots to fish upon any part of the river of Tweed, and have held 
 in their private possession some part of the debateable ground ad- 
 joining to the West Marches, which before the wars lay waste and 
 common to both the realms. These things, which are neither of any 
 value nor indeed worth the keeping, are agreed to remain as they 
 did before these wars. A few hostages, which have been remaining 
 here for the ransom or re-entry of some of those prisoners that were 
 taken at Solomoss [Solway Moss], are agreed to be restored ; and 
 it is agreed that their merchants and ships coming into any of the 
 King's ports, by tempest or for want of victuals, shall be used as they 
 have been before the wars, and English subjects and ships liprotofore 
 
84 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. ~ 
 
 in Scotland. For the full appeasing of these, -which were all the dif- 
 ferences between the Scots and them, the gentleman of France that 
 before was here has returned, and goes straightway to Scotland with 
 the Master of Erskine ; and Commissioners for both realms are to 
 meet out of hand upon the frontiers to end all these matters. The 
 Emperor's Ambassador liad been with them six or seven days before 
 they heard what the Emperor had said to Morysine as to the matters 
 of the Lady Mary and Mr. Chamberlain. He was very earnest to have 
 a direct answer how the Lady Mary should be used touching litr 
 masses, and how he should be used himself. Tliey told him that as 
 they perceived Morysine's earnest talk in matters of religion had 
 somewhat ofl'ended the Emperor, tlie King would forthwith send 
 Doctor Wotton to his Majesty with such answer as should in honour 
 and reason give good cause of contentment ; and touching himself, 
 he should continue his masses as he had done ; but if thereafter, upon 
 any necessary r&spect for the conservation of the policy of the realm, 
 it should be otherwise ordered, he shall have reasonable warning 
 thereof Dr. Wotton is now almost in full order to go. The Am- 
 bassador said he thought the Emperor would be well enough con- 
 tented to have an answer from Morysine, and would like his con- 
 tinuance so as he had advertisements hence not to attempt the 
 Emperor in their matters of religion. The Ambassador seemed 
 nothing so earnest at the doing of his message as he was before. 
 [Four pctges.'] 
 
 [1551 ?] 
 
 April 6. 315. " Advertisements from Rome." The French King had writ- 
 Eome. ten to Cardinal Toumon, from Janville, on 2oth of March, that he 
 was much laboured by Duke Maurice and other confederates in Ger- 
 many to hasten his journey. The confederates were very strong in 
 the field, and had already passed Frankfort, meaning shortly to join 
 with the French King. The Constable was at Tulle with tlie fore- 
 ward. The French King will bring with him 13.000 Almains; 
 17,000 Gascons and Picards, footmen well exercised in the wars in 
 the name of Venturers ; 1,500 men of anns, most part barded ; 2,000 
 light horsemen ; and 60 pieces of ordnance. These have with iJiem 
 a bridge drawn with 800 horse, in such wise that there may pass at 
 one time in the way of battle ordnance, horee and foot, and they are 
 very willing to follow this enterprise. The French King's money 
 had safely arrived in Strasburg. He has left in Picardy o'OO men of 
 arms, 600 light horsemen, 1 2 ensigns of foot, and 6,000 Swiss. He 
 has revoked Cardinal Toumon. The said Cardinal has told the 
 Bishop of Rome that the French King has no inclination to wai- 
 with him and the Turk, but if the Bishop will make war, he shall 
 always defend himsulf without any thought for offending the Church 
 of Rome. At Ronm it is thought for a destiny that the niin thereof 
 is nigh at hand. The rumour of Pietro Strozzi having lately been 
 in Italy in disguise is untrue. Proposals had been made to the 
 Bishop of Rome by tlio Frenchmen that he should withdraw his 
 army from Mirandola : iioitnin conditions made, of which the French 
 aio not likely to accept. The Pai-mese have lately taken some 
 castles from the Imperialists, and destroyed some forts constructed 
 by the Marquis of Marignano. The Bishop of Rome is in an evil 
 
EDWARD VI. 85 
 
 1551. 
 
 case on both sides. . " The last of March, somewhat afore midnight, 
 was seen at Rome, over Castle St. Angelo, a great fire in the air like 
 a great round ball, giving a great light the space of one quarter of an 
 hour, insomuch that for the time a man might have read any letter ; 
 and then the said lire brake in three pieces, the one towards the Bishop 
 of Rome's palace, the second towards the people of Rome, and the third 
 towards the River of Tiber ; being these reckoned tokens of fearful 
 signals." The Emperor does all he can to have in his hands the 
 Prince of Solerno, who for his safety presently resides at Padua. He 
 is a man of great credit and reputation in the realm of Naples, highly 
 beloved there and elsewhere, and much esteemed by the banishment 
 of the Emperor, into whose hands he seemeth nothing willing to 
 come. The King of Romans endeavours to raise 3,000 or 4,000 
 footmen in Italy to be sent into Transylvania, but as yet few will 
 venture that way, the rather for the daily advertisements from those 
 quarters of the great preparations making by the Turk. [O^ie page 
 and a halfJ] 
 
 April 7. 316. Sir Richard Morysine to the Council. Hearing that the 
 Augsburg. Lady Regent meant to make towards Flanders to-day, had on 
 Saturday last requested an audience, which was granted the next 
 morning at nine o'clock. Her Grace's professions of friendship on 
 part of the Emperor and herself were great. Had told her that the 
 news of this Court, which are that three French ships should be 
 going into Ireland and drowned by the way, made him afraid the 
 English should have good need of powder ere they should have leave 
 to fetch it out of Flanders, if her Grace did not both help him to 
 speak, and after help to speed such as should be appointed to fetch 
 it. That the Emperor had given him a very gentle answer, showing 
 a desire to furnish as much as could be conveniently spared ; yet he 
 saw the suit would finally be committed to her Grace's order, and 
 therefore prayed her as her plenty might serve their need to help 
 them. He had very good words, " if there were to spare, and we 
 should have occasion to spend powder, we should," &c. ; but his 
 prayer is and shall be that there may be no more need of powder 
 than they have will to afford it,, and then it must either be wanted or 
 fought hard for before it is had, or shortly after. M. D'Arras had 
 been at Council with her Grace a great while before he came. What- 
 soever the matter was, he saw by her countenance she was in dumps, 
 although, smiling twice or thrice, she did what she could to keep 
 cares in the dark. Here be more posting and little audience given 
 to foreign matters. The Bishop of Jaen, as yet, has not spoken with 
 the Emperor since his coming. Pigghinus would fain take his leave. 
 The King of Sweden's men hitherto cannot get to his Majesty. The 
 King of Poland's Ambassador has been there these two months upon 
 taking his leave ; he abideth his good hour. It is said that the 
 Queen of Poland is either stark dead or not like to live, and that 
 France will practise with him for a marriage. Has waited upon 
 two Polish gentlemen that came to see the Lady Elizabeth's Grace. 
 Knows that they both went home great praisers of her person and of 
 her bringing up. The Frenchmen that were here have gone, as their 
 Ambassador told Bemardine, towards Vienna. Cannot imagine why 
 they should travel that way, unless it be that France may give from 
 
86 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 thence better advices to the Turk. Rumours here that France 
 ineaneth a voyage into Ireland. Letters from their Ambassador at 
 the Turk's Court had arrived at Venice late at night. In the morn- 
 ing they called a Council, and forthwith despatched 600 new soldiers 
 to Corfu, with monoy and victuals for themselves and those already 
 there. The Turk is said to have at Vallona, hard against Italy, 200 
 vessels to ship over horses, every vessel able well to carry little lack 
 of 40 horses. To-day, Signor Gastaldo, who waa Master of the 
 Emperor's camp in his wars of Germany, goes towards Vienna. 
 Some Spaniards lately slain by the Turks. Africa not thought to 
 be the mark the Turk shooteth at. Italy and Sicily never fitter to 
 be assaulted, both being so weary of the Spaniards that they care 
 not who comes, so they may trudge away. Great dearth of corn 
 and victuals in both. The General Council, it is said, will be pro- 
 rogued to September ; because of inconvenience to those that are 
 called and are now on their way to it, supposes they will counterfeit 
 a beginning, but there be few likelihoods that it should last any 
 while. Germany is unquiet, and like to wax madder now that cold 
 and snow have almost left. Two of these French gentlemen that 
 came hither of late did communicate at the Protestanta' church under 
 both kinds. Duke of Oldenburg is said to have entered into Magde- 
 burg with 300 men well horsed and well hearted. Will know more 
 of the matters of that town by copy of a letter received from thence 
 sent herewith (missing). Since then news have come that on the 
 25th March the inhabitants had given Duke Maurice's men another 
 great overthrow, and taken prisoner his chief captain, Peter Pfeffer- 
 kom, with 200 more, whom, after disarming, they drove altogether 
 before them into the town. Mutual complaints of the Emperor's 
 Council and Duke Maurice ; the former thinking that the Duke 
 might have done more than he hath, and the latter that he was 
 promised better aid than hath been sent to him. Men mutter that 
 the Duke wUl procure himself no longer the hatred of Germany by 
 farther offering displeasure to these men. The three Bishops-Elec- 
 tors and the Palsgrave, who have been always confederated, aie, as 
 it is said, together ; some think for the Coadjutoria, others because 
 the Emperor has taken into his hands Superiorem Palatinum, and 
 the decease of this man doth make a claim ad Inferioi'em. The 
 Court will be but meanly furnished now King Maximilian has gone, 
 the Queen going, and the Electors and Princes have left. The Prince 
 of Spain is also ready to depart. The Emperor has here a guard of 
 2,000 foot, and it is said intends to bring 1 ,600 cavalry into the town ; 
 if so, the liorses there, that now can hai'dly get meat, must stai've, 
 or seek victuals in other places, there being no hay within a dozen 
 English miles round about. People supposed his Majesty would have 
 removed hence, because wine and nil kinds of victuals wax not only 
 unreasonable for their price, but not to be had for their scarceness; 
 y(!t now it is thought they shall lie here most part of the sum- 
 m(!r. Physicnans think it })erilous for his Majesty to remove till his 
 health is stronger. Knows not whether it were better to be at the 
 o.xponse of removing wlu^-e things may be had clieaper, or to remain 
 liorc, dearth uotwitiistanding. Trusts their Lordships will devise, 
 or rather have devised already, some help for him. [Four pa^es- 
 A few linea in cipher, deciphered.'] 
 
EDWAED VI. 87 
 
 1551. 
 April 10. 317. Draft instructions by King Edward VI., with the advice of 
 his Council, to Dr. Wotton, Dean of Canterbury and York, sent to 
 the Emperor as Ambassador. He is to explain that no ofience was 
 intended by his Majesty, and if any discontent has been caused by 
 the over-earnest speaking of religion to M. D'Arras or the Emperor 
 by the Ambassador now revoked, it is to be ascribed to the excessive 
 zeal of the man. That his Majesty, on grounds of natural equity, 
 expects that his Ambassador in Flanders shall have the same free 
 exercise of his religion in Flanders as the Emperor's has in England. 
 And in regard to the Lady Mary, that no promise of the exercise of 
 religion had ever been made ; that a prescribed form of common 
 prayer has been established by Parhament, and that as a subject she 
 is bound, as well as his Majesty, thereby, so should he not but do 
 unjustly to violate it, or in any point to agree to the breaking of it. 
 [Ten pages.] 
 
 Two copies of the above, with slight variations, attached. 
 
 April 11. 318. Instructions by the King and Council to Sir WiUiam 
 [Greenwich.] Pickering, sent to France to notify to the French King the appoint- 
 ment of the Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry [Richard Sampson], 
 Sir Robert Bowes, Sir Leonard Beckwith, and Sir Thomas Chaloner 
 as Commissioners to meet with those of France, for settling the 
 boundaries of Scotland and England, about the beginning of May 
 next, and to commence his duties as Ambassador on the departure of 
 Sir John Masone. [^Draft. Seven pages.] 
 
 April 14. 31 9. Sir Richard Morysine to the Council. So long as he hears 
 Augsburg, not from their Lordships, he will pay no attention to the rumours 
 that come abroad. And yet when it is reported that the French 
 King meaneth to be busy in Ireland, and his Ambassador here says it 
 is most false, he might both answer others, if he knew the state of 
 matters at home, and believe the Ambassador as he should see cause. 
 It is said to be Very certain that the French King has 28 galleys at 
 Marseilles, and has lately sent thither 140,000 crowns to do such 
 things withal as are in hand ; there is also much making of biscuits 
 and such like provision. Further, that a Turkish galiot has arrived 
 there, to solicit the French King to be in readiness, that, both their 
 forces may be abroad at the same time. The Emperor has also new 
 ships and galleys at Barcelona. The Prince of Spain's departure is 
 delayed, either because the French galleys may cumber his passage 
 or because Andrew Doria has not yet returned from the succouring 
 of Africa. Some say he means to seek out Dragut Rey, in hope to find 
 him in certain straits where he must either fight or yield. Heard 
 this day that Doria is very sick, and some think that by this time 
 he is stark dead. Was told yesterday that letters from Venice 
 mention the capture of a castle of the Duke of Ferrara by Ferrante 
 Gonzaga ; but heard to-day that it is a castle belonging to Parma, 
 called Brusa. Whether it be the one or the other, it is thought that 
 war will follow. Yesterday came from the Bishop of Rome one 
 Dandino, a bishop, to commune with the Emperor in matters of 
 Parma ; so that the Bishop has three bishops here, who severally 
 practise with M. D' Arras. Dandino, having risen by the house of 
 Famese, is like to favour Duke Octavio's desires, being thought to 
 
88 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1561. 
 
 be full Farneso, as the Bishop of Jaen is thought to be Imperial ; 
 but both, notwithstaiading, use all their friendship to the service of 
 a third. Some reckon that the Bishop of Rome, either to dash the 
 Council or for some other reason, so mindeth to cause ajar between 
 the two Princes, that he will give to tlio Emperor all the interest that 
 Rome has in Parma, and suffer him after to deal with France for the 
 recovery of it as best he can. Carolo Vic [Carlowicius], agent here for 
 ])uke Maurice, was sent four days ago to his master by the Emperor, 
 with instructions, it is supposed, to agree those of Magdeburg, 
 finding less hope now to do them harm than at the beginning. 
 Their Lordships must take all these things as reports, and not as of 
 his own certain knowledge. Hears that an old fellow with a long 
 beard has gone from this Court to serve the Lady Mary ; he was a 
 good while servant to Chapuis, and after that to Dilphius, and he 
 has letters, to whom Morysine wots not, from the French Ambassador, 
 which he wrote with leisure and very diligently. Three days since 
 the Admiral of Flanders wrote hither that the French King's naval 
 preparations are great, and thought it convenient the Emperor 
 should have a good eye to his doings. To-day or to-morrow the 
 Emperor, entereth into the Diet, and it is thought will not tarry in 
 it past 10 or 12 days : if he means to accord with Magdeburg 
 and Bremen, as some suppose, it is like enough other things are in 
 hand. All men think certainly that war wiU be proclaimed ere 
 May be quite expired. Pigghinus has taken leave of the Emperor, 
 and goes, they say, to the Council. The Emperor has again written 
 to all his, that they fail not to be at Trent on the day appointed. 
 Thinks that the more show there is of a Council, the less it is meant ; 
 and that the Emperor's taking of guaiacum and writing of new letters 
 is but to make men imagine that he thinks of nothing but of the 
 Council ; for if the Council were certainly meant, the first lettera from 
 the Emperor would serve well enough to command as many of his 
 subjects as must and mean to obey. Yesterday heard that the 
 Bishop of Rome has imprisoned two Bishops in the Ctvstle of 
 St. Angelo, because they have become Protestants : one of these is 
 the Bishop of Bergamo, a Venetian of good house ; the other's name he 
 knows not. Paulus Vergerius has set them a goodly example ; if these 
 be come, more may follow. Vergerius has done a marvellous deal of 
 good by leaving his bishopric and forsaking his hope of gi-owing 
 great in the world ; but he has done much more good by printing 
 daily of new books, which go in great numbers into Italy. Many 
 of these are dedicated to the King's Majesty. The man has left all 
 to follow Christ, and lives very hardly. Many thei-e are can 
 gladlier commend well doing, than provide that virtue go not 
 a-begging. " Bucer's death has raised up agam the bruit that was 
 here, that we are become Jews. The tale is thus told : the King's 
 Majesty asking Bucer how the Bishoji of Rome's authority might be 
 quite extinct? His answer was, 'Sir, Messias is not yet come, 
 and therefore the authority that C^hrist hath given him is to be 
 accounted as none.' " Their Lordships see what lust they have to 
 lie, that lie thus.not so much as colouring it with some likelihood of 
 truth. " Bucer is safely laid up, and our country not the worse of a 
 mito that they, which know no moro of Christ than his name and 
 dwelling-place, do take us all for damned souls." Many Spaniards 
 
EDWARD VI. 89 
 
 1551. 
 
 and Italians this Lent past went to the Bishop of Rome's Nuncio to 
 be absolved, for that they had served in the wnrs the King of Eng- 
 land. Yesterday saw a letter from Ferdinando's Court that as yet 
 little harm has been done on either pai t, but the Bassa of Buda has 
 gathered a great power, rather to defend himself than annoy others, 
 although some think he waits a larger force from Adrianople .and 
 Belgrade, and then, on .all sides at once, to set upon Transylvania. 
 Sends herewith a letter from Wittenberg to an honest man of this 
 town, containing the matters which have been done at Magdeburg 
 during the last month. [Four pages.] Incloses, 
 
 319. I. From Wittenberg, 23d March. Here they are building 
 boats for mahing a bridge across the Elbe. They make 
 frequent sallies, and beyond all expectation defeat 
 Maurice's troops. They intercept ammunition and 
 provisions and convey them into the city. So vigorously 
 do they fight, that two days ago heavy firing was heard 
 about 12 miles from this, and is still occasionally. All 
 say that it is quite impossible they can take the city. The 
 day before these letters were written many country people 
 came to Wittenberg severely wounded, who said that they 
 had saved their lives by concealing themselves behind the 
 dead bodies. When Maurice's troops surrounded the gate 
 to prevent issue from the city, these countrymen were told 
 to leave or abide the consequences. While they delayed 
 2,000 soldiers rushed out of the city, slew about .300 of 
 them, and attacking a large number of troops who were 
 defending the trenches, killed some, dispersed others, 
 captured several together with a standard, and took them 
 to the city. These on the sarae night they dismissed, 
 with white rods in their hands, after disarming them 
 and writing down their names. John Margrave of 
 Gustrin desired to reconcile them to Maurice, and a 
 convention was held at Corbet, but without results. [One 
 page.] 
 
 April 18. 320. Sir John Masone to the Council. George Paris, the Irish 
 Amboise. agent, mentioned in previous letters, has arrived, in company with 
 a great gentleman from Ireland, oifering the service of the rebels, 
 with their country, to the French King, if he will send troops 
 thither. They have had very good countenance both of the King 
 and of the Constable, and have been in communication with the 
 Bishop of Rome's Ambassador ; but it is understood that they have 
 been informed they may look for no aid hence. Details the political 
 intrigues and differences among the Scots at the Court. The Em- 
 peror is exceedingly displeased with the Pope, whom he believes to 
 have been a worker in the affair of Parma ; and it seems that he has 
 no fancy to be doing with the French King, by whom he has been 
 so pricked lately, as, if he had any mind thereunto, he could not 
 have kept his patience. Rumours that the Emperor mindeth to have 
 war witli the English. The Scottish Queen's shipping is hasted very 
 much, and it is supposed that she will embark a month sooner than 
 was determined. General musters through France. No great haste 
 
90 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 Eod. die. 
 
 April 19. 
 Brussels. 
 
 April 20. 
 Greenwich. 
 
 April 21. 
 
 Augsburg. 
 
 making there for sending to the General Council. The reports as 
 to the Turk's intentions against Africa are dying away. The 
 frontier of France upon Spain is very straitly kept. The King of 
 NavaiTe has been dangerously Ul, but is recovering. Lady Fleming 
 departed hence with child by the French King, and it is thought 
 that upon the arrival of the Queen Dowager in Scotland she shall 
 come again to fetch another. States his objections to corporations. 
 Complains of the long absence of Pickering, of his continued feeble 
 health, want of money, and relative discomforts and inconveniences. 
 [^Nine pages and a half.'] 
 
 Copy of the above in Sir John Masone's Letter-Book. [Niiie 
 pages. Printed by Tytler, Vol. i., p. 351.] 
 
 321. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to same. A Secretary of this 
 Court, named Matthew Strick, leaves in four or five days for Scot- 
 land, in the capacity of Ambassador resident there, and a like Ambas- 
 sador from Scotland is expected. Bremen and Hamburg are reported 
 to have agreed with the Emperor, but Magdeburg still holds out. 
 Great warlike preparations are made in Spain, and all the mer- 
 chant-vessels are pressed into service : their destination is not known, 
 but is supposed to be for another voyage to Algiers. \One page^ 
 
 322. The Council to Sir John Masone. Sir William Pickering 
 has been detained by them until the Scottish matter should be &rther 
 proceeded in. He now leaves, and they request he may be thoroughly 
 instructed by Masone before he enters upon his official duties. \H(df 
 a page. Copy.'] 
 
 323. Sir Richard Morysine to the Council. Had received their 
 letters of the 6th curt, on the 17th. With reference to their instruc- 
 tions how he shall behave himself to the French Ambassador, shall so 
 follow their order as he shall be thought fiiendly enougL Touch- 
 ing the complaint elsewhere of his earnestness, having already 
 communicated to them what had been said on either side, is con- 
 tent to leave the cause in their hands, feeling assured that he may 
 upon good cause rather be blamed of them for saying too little, 
 than worthy to be shent for saying anything too much. If Mi-. 
 Wotton comes to tarry (as he prays God he do), he hopes he shall 
 be better able to warrant all his words spoken to the Emperor, than 
 able to excuse himself if he be charged for that he said no more. 
 The matters of Parma wax every day warmer, and there is much 
 talk in the Consistory at Rome against Oohivio. They say the 
 Bishop means first to excdmmunicato, and thereafter, if there be 
 any that dare trust liim with money, to make war against Octavio. 
 Dandino, IiIh Secretary and Nuncio, has long conferences with 
 Mons. D'Arras, and is much made of by the Emperor, with whom 
 he has bi^on twice. It is said that the Bishop would fain have the 
 Emperor to win with him, and lend him money till he* be better 
 able to make wars. His friends say, liis Holiness will not sutler 
 uiijiunished that Octavio, confaloniere and captain of his Church, 
 shiiU work this spite to the see apostolical. Dandino has been 
 with the French Ambnssador, charging th^ Kii^g l^is master witl\ 
 
EDWARD VL 91 
 
 1551. 
 
 lacks in amity that he should take Octavio's part against the Church. 
 Mons. MarillaCj as he says, willed him to give the Bishop counsel 
 not to be too busy with Octavio, since if his master has taken him 
 and bis town in protection, he is sure he will do his best to protect 
 him against all men ; and the Ambassador thinks that neither the 
 Emperor nor the Pope dare offer any harm to Octavio. Dandino 
 looks hourly for his despatch from the Emperor, who wise men 
 suppose is afraid to trust the Bishop of Rome , since in leaving so 
 suddenly the French King, by whom he was made Pope, he has 
 taught the Emperor that for a need he can deceive his best friend. 
 Perhaps the Emperor thinks that if he lent the Bishop money there 
 should be some hurry in Italy to disturb the General Council, and 
 thereafter the Bishop would easily be entreated to leave Octavio and 
 Parma alone. The French Ambassador says that he knows cer- 
 tainly the Electors wiU not come there till September ; and there is 
 much talk that his master has commanded every man of his bishops 
 to remain in his diocese for six months. The French King has 
 commanded his Ambassador at Rome to say that he has made no 
 promise to send to the Council, and that he will wait to see whether 
 the German, for whom it is called and Trent appointed, come thither 
 or no. There is a muttering that in the Bishop of Treves' 
 country soldiers are secretly appointed to be in readiness for the Em- 
 peror's service. Letters from Venice, received on the 19th, mention 
 that the Turk has sent Dragut Rey to Constantinople : his army is very 
 strong, and it is thought will shortly do much business in Hungary 
 •by land, and Africa by sea. Last night Francis, a Counsellor to 
 Duke Maurice, came here and told Bernardine that he had orders 
 from his master to visit Morysine, the English being the nation that 
 lie bare affection to. He also told him that Magdeburg is still 
 besieged, but as the Emperor will lay out no money, it is no marvel 
 that things go no faster forward. He confesses that many of the 
 Duke's subjects refuse to go against Magdeburg, and will rather go 
 to prison than obey. Duke Maurice has many disadvantages : 
 1, that he came by his dukedom as he did ; 2, that he succeeds a 
 man so loved and honoured of all people ; 3, that he is thus occu- 
 pied against M agdeburg. Francis much laments his master's infeli- 
 city, that for the service of the Emperor at this time he loses the 
 good will of his country and subjectSi He brought with him this 
 paper (missing), containing three suns, and says that he saw them 
 himself with many others. Had heard of it seven or eight daj's 
 ago, and thought that they who see so oft more moons than they 
 should, may sometimes find more suns than other men can ; yet 
 now thinks such a thing might be seen, and let astronomers divine 
 the causes of such disorder in heaven. The opinions of Pliny on 
 such wonders. Heard here that there were three tides in the 
 Thames in nine hours ; if so, their Lordships will see whether these 
 tides there and these three suns here were about the same time or 
 no. Duke Otho Henry, brother of Duke Philip, has written to him 
 hy his agent here, who in a long and earnest talk has besought him 
 to request their Lordships to be suitors to the King for the Duke to 
 have part of the pension due for a year and three quarters to Duke 
 Philip, to whom as brother he becomes the right heir. The Duke 
 makes no claim, but a suit, to which he is rather forced by necessity 
 
92 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 tliiin encouraged \>y title to challenge as due. The Emperor has taken 
 away his land, more, according to his agent's statement, because lie 
 niislikeLl Duku Philip's KtTving his Majesty than that any fault of 
 his hiul made forfoiluio thereof. Had informed the agent tiiat he 
 could not write to the Council, but would mention the matter to one 
 or two of their Lordships, with whom he might be bolder. Perceives 
 that his whole stay now is upon his brother the Count Palatine; a 
 little, if it might be spared, would at such season be thought a great 
 deal. If he would receive the Interim, it is supposed he might with 
 fevour s.vve his lands again ; but he is very constant in his religion, 
 and knows that if he outlives the Emperor, he shall come by his 
 own well enough ; and if he dies before, he supposes he shall not 
 long want it. His agent, Dr. Vitus Polandu-s, is a handsome man. 
 Desires to know what auswer he shall make. Has just heard that 
 Dandiuo left this forenoon, but he cannot tell after what sort and 
 with what conditions he was despatched. [Four 2Mge8.] 
 
 April 22. 324!. Sir John Masone to the Council. The name of the person who 
 Amboise. came with George Pai-is is Cormac O'Connor, the eldest, as he says, 
 of nine brothers all alive ; and he states that his father is the gi'cat 
 worker of all this relellion, and could never be induced to submit, 
 notwithstanding the general coming in of the rest of the Irish 
 nobility, in the time of King Henry VIII., although he has one 
 house within a stone's cast of the English pale, and another within 
 20 miles of it. He charges the French King's messengers with 
 causing the whole stir, and has requested from the Constable an aid 
 of 5,000 men, which, with their own force, would suffice not only 
 for defence but for offence. Ho has been put off with fair words, 
 and is likely to receive nothing else ; but the Queen Dowager of 
 Scotland and the Vidame would fain have them helped. The Scots 
 here are much discontented, and mislike the yoketh.at foolishly they 
 have put their heads in. Mr. Dudley and Mr. Stukeley, who have 
 been made very much of, return to England in seven or eight days.. 
 Schertel, the Protestant captain of Augsburg, despairing of pardon 
 from the Emperor, has within these three days come to the Court 
 and having offered his service to the French King, is very well 
 entertained for the first coming. Hears nothmg of Pickering, whose 
 tarrying he ca.n only impute to his own ill-luck. To-day news have 
 arrived that the Queen of Bohemia has been brought to bed of a 
 son, and that both her husband and the Prince of Spain were depart- 
 ing for Spain, the one to see his wife, and the other to keep the 
 ordinary Courts held every fourth year in Castile, Aragon, and 
 Catidonia, to the great advantage of the King. ITwo pages and a 
 half.] 
 Eod. die Copy of the preceding in Sir J. Ma-sone's Letter-Book. [Two 
 
 pagna ami a. ImI/.] 
 
 April 26. 32.'). Peter Vanncs to the Council. Lettera from Corfu of the 5th 
 Venice. curt, statu that at Lavallona great provision of stores, biscuits, and 
 liorscuieii is being made for the Turk's army, which amount to the 
 nundicr of 1 50 galleys, including those under the command of Dragut. 
 This intelligence is confiiined by another letter of the 10th, which 
 farther mentions that a small gnJley was passed to Constantinople, 
 sent, as supposed, by the French King. From Constantinople 
 
EDWARD VI. 93 
 
 1551. 
 
 letters of the 21st and 25th likewise speak of the active preparations 
 of the Tuik, who already has sent forth GO galleys. In consequence 
 of these movements the Senators of Venice have, notwithstanding 
 their friendship witii the Turk, sent divers provisions, with 700 or 
 800 men to Corfu ; and on the next advertisement from thence 
 intend to appoint a general providetor for the sea, and send out a 
 competent number of galleys for defence of their places on the sea 
 coast. The Prince of Spain and King of Bolieniia said to leave for 
 Italy by 1st of May, and to be met near Trent by Don Fernando 
 Gonzaga, with a great number of hoi'semen, who sliall escort them 
 to Genoa, where the Prince shall take shipping for Spain ; the King 
 of Bohemia remaining in Italy to await the coming of his wife from 
 Spain in the same fleet that conveys the Prince. Letters from 
 Rome of the 1 8th state that the Bishop thereof being sore aggrieved 
 with Duke Octavio for the agreement with the French King as to 
 Parma, made without his consent, has cited him to appear within a 
 month under pain of being denounced rebel to the Church ; and 
 that Cardinal Farnese has posted from Rome to endeavour to induce 
 the Duke to annul the agreement and restore Parma to the Church, 
 having in recompence therefor the dukedom of Camerino, with 
 10,000 crowns yearly. Some think that the Cardinal only goes to 
 avoid the dangers of war, or to the French King in reference to 
 these matters. The Bishop of Rome has lately sent to Ancona, 
 Bologna, and elsewhere to raise 300 horse and 3,000 foot, as he says, 
 for defence of his places on the coast against the Turk ; but others 
 think for the purpose of employing them againbt Duke Octavio for 
 the recovery of Parma, aided by the Emperor. The Duke of Ferrara 
 is reported to be about to confederate with the Venetians for the 
 defence of their confines and in the meanwhile with diligence 
 fortifies his holds. Notwithstanding all these rumours, letters from 
 Rome assert that the Council shall be held as appointed, and 
 Cardinal Crescentio being appointed president, has already left 
 Bologna for Trent ; and a friend informs him that by special 
 messengers sent from the Emperor, the French King, and the Bishop 
 of Rome jointly. King Edward shall be laboured and required for 
 the sending unto said Council. This seems unlikely, the pather 
 becauise he sees no hearty agreement between the French King and 
 the Bishop of Rome. There is another rumour that the French 
 King -will not sufier the prelates of France to attend the Council, 
 but rather to have a Consilium Rationale within his realm. If 
 so, a schism and great disorder in the Church of Rome may be 
 engendered, of which they are greatly afraid. The Bishop of 
 Bergamo, a Venetian, of the house of Soranza, and kinsman of the 
 Ambassador appointed for England, being a man of 50 years of 
 age, well learned, a preacher, and keeping good order in the clergy 
 of his diocese, has been imprisoned by the Bishop of Rome for 
 matters of religion. Cardinal Pole had much spoken in his favour 
 to the Bishop of Rome, and he answered that if his heart were 
 well known touching these matters, perchance he should otherwise 
 appear than he is known. [Four pages.] 
 
 April 26. 326. Peter Vannes to the Council. Since writing to them to-day, 
 Venice, has learned that last night the Seigniory received letters from Con- 
 
94 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 15.-/1. 
 
 Btantinople of the 29th ult., confirming all the previous reports of the 
 Turk's preparations. His fleet is to consist of ] 50 galleys, and to 
 be joined by all the pirates and robbers of the sea, of which sort 
 Christendom is more afraid tlian of the Turk's own galleys. Although 
 pretended for the recovery of Africa, yet being far beyond what such 
 an enterprise requires, it is thought they will attack Naples and 
 other pliicea, and that there is a great intelligence between the Turk 
 and tiie French King therein. Towards the cost of the Venetians' 
 defence the Bishop of Rome has granted to them certain tenths or 
 dimes to be levied from their clergy ; and therein they have used 
 the said Bishop's authority, rather for a ceremony than otherwise. 
 This business of Parma is like to kindle a great fire. M. de Thermes 
 has spoken very largely to the Bishop of Rome in his master's name, 
 threatening that if the said Bishop should show himself against the 
 French King and his friends, otherwise than right required, hia 
 Majesty would withdraw from the Church of Rome, and see his Churdi 
 of France well ordered, for which purpose he shall not want good and 
 well learned prelates and bishops within his realm. But the Bishop 
 is in great fury, crying out against Duke Octavio for the having of 
 Parma out of his hands, in all things proceeding as Signer Dondego 
 [Don Diego] appoints him in the Emperor's name, and saying that 
 rather than fail, he will go in his own person in that expedition. 
 He has required the aid of Venice, as a member of the Church, but 
 they will not meddle, intending only to mind their own afiairs, and 
 keeping of friendship with fair and loving words. The Duke of 
 Ferrara, who always desires to live in peace, is, we understand, in 
 great agony of mind, being importuned to join one side or other. 
 He is rather French than Imperial. The war is likely to be com- 
 menced in his own confines, and he is supposed of late to have been 
 here secretly, and to have conferred with the Seigniory of these 
 matters. Some think that by his doings the Bishop of Rome will 
 minister occasion to the Emperor to possess himself of Rome and 
 other cities of the Church, and bring the Turk's army upon Ostia 
 and Civita Vecchia, to the destruction of Christendom. The going 
 about of such matters is greatly misliked, as an afi'air unmeet for 
 the Bishop of Rome. Has sundry times desired to know their 
 Lordships' pleasure as to his accompanying the other Kings' and 
 Princes' Ambassadors in attendance upon the Duke and Seigniory 
 at such solen\n feasts to which he is formally invited, some five or 
 six times a year, when the Senators take the same for great honour 
 and kindness. Also, whether in such places he shall give or take 
 the upper hand of the French Ambassador. Their Lordships shall 
 understand that the resorting in such churches and places is not for 
 the worshiijping of idols or images, but rather for the Ambassadors 
 to confer to^^'iitlier familiarly of divers things, and observe what may 
 stand there to ihcir masters' behoof and advancement By the 
 English Ambassador being present, tlie King's authority, honour, 
 and name would be better known and advanced. As for other 
 secret and mutual visitations of Ambassadors, they are reckoned for 
 a set course or purpose of eneiiereliing. A man absenting himself 
 from these com)ianios is not known, but rather reckoned an abject 
 and derelict man, and of no manner of estimation, and less able to 
 serve his master. In his own private house shall endeavour himself 
 
EDWAED VI. 
 
 95 
 
 1551. 
 
 April 27. 
 Amtoise. 
 
 Eod. die. 
 
 April 27. 
 Angsburg. 
 
 according to his bounden duty. Touching the precedence of the 
 French Ambassador, he is informed that both here and at the Em- 
 peror's Court, the French Ambassador lias precedence not only of 
 the Ambassador from England, but pre-eminence over the Ambas- 
 sadors of all other Kings and Princes. Commonly the Bishop of 
 Rome's Legate and the Emperor's Ambassador go together, and 
 the English Ambassador goes jointly with the French King's Am- 
 bassador, giving him the right hand as time serves. Until he 
 receives instructions from their Lordships, lie shall for the reasons 
 aforesaid, when solemnly required, be amongst them as he shall 
 think good, and not sequester himself as an unknown person. [Four 
 pages.] 
 
 327. Sir John Masone to the Council. The Irishmen mentioned 
 in his last letter were on Friday willed to keep their lodgings, and 
 to resort no more to the Court until they should be sent for. Sup- 
 poses they will be despatched away very secretly, or that the object 
 of their mission being so clearly known, it is pot deemed expedient 
 to entertain them so openly. The departure of the Scottish Queen 
 is deferred again ; some think because of a fancy that the French 
 King has for one of her train ; Mr. Dudley has behaved himself in 
 this Court very honestly, and has communicated to Masone all that 
 he could learn by haunting the company of the Vidame, than whom 
 a more superstitious man is not in all this realm, and who has done 
 all in his power to have the Irishmen aided. Longs to hear from 
 England, having had no tidings from thence since the 26th of 
 February. Begs to be informed if there is any alteration touching 
 Pickering, in order that he may provide for such things as are 
 necessary for his office, whereof, by too much ti'ust, he is at this pre- 
 sent so destitute as never was there in any Court a more miserable 
 Ambassador. Yesterday arrived a Danish nobleman, called the 
 Count D'Igles, who was brought up. at this Court, and has come, as 
 he alleges, to christen a son of Marshal St. Andrd. A post from the 
 Commissioners on the frontiers of Scotland has just arrived by sea, 
 and two days ago the Baron de Courton was despatched thither. 
 [One page and a half.] 
 
 Copy of the preceding in Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book. [Owe 
 page.]' 
 
 328. John Hales to Cecil. Thanks him for sending the com- 
 mendations which at his coming he received from the Ambassador. 
 The news which he has learnt since he came hither are that every 
 thing is excessively dear, the cause of which is assigned to the 
 Emperor's long abode, the multitude that were at the Diet, and 
 those that daily resort here. But the truth is, all the land 
 hereabouts, and what he has seen by the way, albeit it is tilled to 
 the uttermost, and where the plough cannot go digged with the 
 spade and the mattock, is of nature sandy, and not to be compared 
 with England for natural fertility. The diligent labour of the 
 people far surmounts the English. Pastures several or common 
 there be none ; all saving meadows be turned into tillage or vine- 
 yards, which for the most part be on such steep hills, as would seem 
 
96 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551, 
 
 April 27. 
 
 April 28. 
 Amboise. 
 
 April 28. 
 Augsburg, 
 
 impossible to be climbed or to bring forth any good thing. They 
 make such stone walls to keep up the earth as are to be wondered at. 
 Learns that for the keeping of an acre of vines they have after the 
 rate of 40 sLilliugs jxt aim,, which when the worst year comes 
 will bear a fodder of wine at the least, that is, a tun. Among the 
 vines grow apple-trees, pears, peaches, and almonds ; and the like in 
 the corn-fields, besides great number of walnuts wherewith they 
 make oil. In many places the meadows are also tilled, and in many 
 they set and sow herbs. Their cattle be kept with straw for the 
 most part in the house, and of the ground where they stand is made 
 the great plenty of saltpetre which tlie English lack, and need not if 
 they would take pains. The spear-shafts be rent out of the great 
 fir-trees called Abietes, whereof the English may have plenty out of 
 the east land, and need not to send or sue for them in Flanders, and 
 so set a great many on work. Where religion is most favoured here, 
 there also the Interim hath his place. In most places the Papists 
 and Protestants have their service in one church, one after the other ; 
 but here and at Strasburg the Protestants have their own par- 
 ticular churches. Here, the Emperor being present, the people be so 
 fervent and earnest in religion as he never saw ; is sure yesterday 
 tliere were in a little church of the Protestants, not so big as the 
 Parliament house, about 6,000 persons, stages being purposely made 
 round about, as be used in England at disguisings. Because things 
 be so dear, prays Cecil to remember to move suit for the leather. 
 Morysine both hath and shall have great need of it, or some other 
 help, which it is believed neither will be so easily obtained nor may 
 be so well spared. In good hope of success has caused his brother to 
 bring a bill thereof ready drawn. 
 
 P.S. The Protestants prepare for the Council ; and they of Stras- 
 burg have sent their pastor Marbachus to Wittenberg, to ascertain 
 the intentions of those of Saxony. They be fully resolved all together 
 to make their confession, and to take exceptions contiu judicei^i et 
 judicium,, and so to depart ; but it is thought that those that were 
 most desirous of the Council will be the greatest hinderers of it 
 Apologizes for his blotted letter, the consequence of haste. [Two 
 pages ; Jive lines in cipher, und ('ciphered. Attaclied to the fol- 
 lowing letter from Morysine of April 28.] 
 
 329. Abstracts of instructions from the Council to Sir John 
 Masone and Sir William Pickering, and of letters from them to the 
 Council, contained in the preceding documents of Feb. 25th and 
 27th ; March 7th, 18th, and 23d; and April 18th, 22d, and 27th. 
 [Twenty pages. Imperfect] 
 
 330. Henry IT., King of Fnmce, to King Edward VI. Has 
 instructed his Ambassador, the Sieur de Chemault, to request that 
 his Majesty will cause to bo delivered up to him a Scotsman, named 
 Stuard, implicated in a conspiracy against his grand-daughter the 
 Queen of Scotland. [French. One ji'igc] 
 
 331. Sir Richard Morysine to Cecil. Though Germany cannot 
 match lOngland in sweet herbs, it can in nettles and such as have 
 skill in stinging. He is a proof who wrote to the Council that 
 
EDWARD VI. 97 
 
 1551. 
 
 Morysine was a messenger (airoo-ToAo;) rather than an Ambassador 
 (TrpEo-jSuf). Will not regard John Hales' complaints. Knows who 
 says, it is strange if we can endure the cauteries of the physician, 
 and not advice administered when we do wrong. Begs he will 
 stand his friend, as he did by his attorney, when J. H. was there. 
 Knows the thanks that good advice deserves. Gives a quotation in 
 Greek to this effect, and adds, " My Lady Cecil can easily spy my 
 theft, and so see what I might a-stolen more. I must say my 
 Lady Cecil, and not change an opinion so imprest in me." Must 
 stick to his opinions iu that Coiu't like his grandfather. " Knight 
 it you when you can, I may no more unknight you than I can un- 
 lady my wife, and yet her ladyship on working-days is very well 
 content to be wrapped in English clothes, and like shortly to 
 mourn for silk if leather make me not able to barat with some 
 shifting mercer." Thanks him for leather, as he expects to be 
 baited when Wotton comes. Will be able to cast off the dog let 
 loose upon him, if it be not the mastiff himself. Is sorry that 
 Cecil would have him speak French, which he hardly understands ; 
 " Dieu vous garde, Mr. Buttes was wont to add, de bon jour." The 
 French Ambassador has many advices that the two heads will not 
 easily be reconciled. Cecil must induce him, for whose safety they 
 are both most anxious, to yield a little of his state if the other 
 cannot stoop. Their chief object must be the security of the King 
 and kingdom. Considers he is writing not only to Cecil, but to the 
 Duke of Somerset. Cecil's lady must kneel for him, and pay his 
 compliments to the Duchess. " In earnest, if I have no leather my 
 men will . go barefooted." Has vsritten to Northampton and 
 Warwick, in whom is all his trust. [Three pages. Holograph, partly 
 in Greek, partly English in Greek characters^ 
 
 April 29. 332. Sir John Masone to the Council. A conspiracy to poison the 
 Amboise. young Queen of Scots has been detected. He that took the matter 
 upon him is an archer of the guard, who has escaped into Ireland. 
 Much search is made for him, and it is reported that he has been 
 already stayed to be sent into Scotland, and so again into France. 
 The old Queen is fallen suddenly sick upon the opening of these news 
 unto her. The design is supposed to have been devised by some mis- 
 contented Scots. The same post that brought these tidings also brought 
 word that the Lady Fleming is brought a-bed of a man child, whereat 
 the women here do not much rejoice. On Monday a French post 
 arrived from England, and since then there has been much talking 
 of dissensions among certain of the English nobility. These he 
 deplores, and thinks that the Ambassador ought to be informed of 
 the truth of occurrents at home so as to stop such rumours : as for 
 himself, these 10 weeks he is more ignorant of any occurrents of 
 England than is the worst pack of this Court. Is in continual hope 
 of the return of Pickering. The Princess of Navarre is with child, 
 to the great rejoicing of the whole house of Vendome. The King of 
 Navarre has settled 400 francs per ann. on the bearer who brought 
 the news from his daughter, and on his heirs for ever. Tlie Duke of 
 Vendome is stiU with his father-in-law, not far from the frontiers ; 
 and it is thought that if the Emperor is not encumbered with the 
 Turk, there shall be some exploit attempted for the recovery of 
 
 G -1- 
 
98 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 Navarre. Has not heard from his doers in England touching the 
 receipts of his diets, and beseeches their Lordships' aid herein. He 
 has lived on credit these two months, not without great interest, 
 and as all his plate and moveables have been sent off, he has no 
 help for himself on this side. His diets are not much more than 37 
 shillings a day, which only defray his horses and house rent. [Two 
 pages.] 
 
 [Tvio 
 
 Eod. die. Copy of the preceding in Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book 
 pages.] 
 
 April 30. 
 
 Venice. 
 
 May 1. 
 Orccnwich. 
 
 333. Peter Vannes to the Council. Takes advantage of the depar- 
 ture of a courier extraordinary to inform them that the Turk's 
 preparations are daily more and more certified to be great, and 
 besides the 109 galleys which he has ready, he is providing 40 or 60 
 more. The doings of Andrew Doria are very prosperous to the 
 Emperor's affairs, as will be seen by the inclosure communicated to 
 him by the Emperor's Ambassador. The Bishop of Rome's demon- 
 strations against Parma are like to turn into a calm, as it is reported 
 that the Emperor is unwilling to kindle a war in Italy, and the 
 Bishop of Rome is unable of himself to take any such enterprise in 
 hand. The Venetians are very busy, and in eight or ten days their 
 general with the galleys shall set forth. The Prince of Spain, 
 it is said, defers his journey to Spain untU the return of Andrew 
 Doria. This day Signer Daniel Barbaro has had his first audience 
 of the Seigniory, and is understood to have reported very honour- 
 ably of the King's Majesty and their Lordships. [One page and a 
 half.] Inclosure, 
 
 333. I. Merely elaborates the Turkish preparations, the ^orts of 
 Doria against Dragut Rey, and the Pope's attempt to gain 
 Duke Octavio by the Dukedom of Camerino, as previously 
 detailed. \Italian. Three pagesi] 
 
 April 30. 
 
 Greenwich. 
 
 The Council to Sir John Masone. Six persons have com- 
 a robbery in Jersey, and all escaped to Coutance, where 
 
 334. 
 mitted 
 
 they have been apprehended. The ancient custom of extradition 
 between Normandy and Jersey, having been refused in this instance, 
 desire that he will apply to the King or the Constable that these 
 felons may be delivered up for execution to the officials of Jersey ; 
 the more earnestly that they have secret intelligence that these 
 individuals are plotting for the betrayal of the castle of that island 
 
 to the French. A note, autograph of Masone, states that this was 
 
 fortliwith attended to by the Constable, who delivered to the bearer 
 of the message (the son of Sir Hugh Paulet) the French King's 
 letter to the Bailli of La Foi for spoi'dy i-edreas of that and some 
 other robb(^ric8. [Ovv, ^wtjc and a half. Copy in Sir J. Masone's 
 Letter-Book.] 
 
 SH.'j. Same to same. Informing him that on last St. Qeotge'a day 
 tlie Frencli King had been elected a Knight of tlie Garter, and that 
 on tlu! 18tli of the jiroacnt month the Marquis of Northampton, the 
 Bishop of Ely [Thomas Goodricli], and others ai-e to go to France to 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 99 
 
 1551. 
 
 May 1. 
 
 Greenwich. 
 
 May 5. 
 AngsbuTg. 
 
 iavest his Majesty with the insignia of the Order, and requesting 
 that he will remain to assist the deputation. [One page. Copy in 
 Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book.'] 
 
 33fi. King Edward VI. to Henry II., King of France. Intimating 
 to his Majesty his election as Knight of the Garter. [One page. 
 Copy in Sir J. Masone's Letter-Bookl 
 
 337. Sir Richard Morysine to the Council. News have come to 
 this Court that Prince Doria, having learnt by spies the intention 
 of Dragut Rey to pursue him, in hope either of lighting on a 
 straggler, or cutting off a piece of his tail, made no great haste to 
 be distant from Dragut, but gave orders to his fleet to be ready to 
 turn when he should do so, and make all sail in giving chase. This 
 they had done so well as to drive Dragut into a gulf near Zerbi, 
 where, it is said, he must either fly to land and lose his galleys, or 
 show fight, and be killed or taken. The Prince has 25 well-appointed 
 galleys, Dragut only 18, neither so well manned nor armed as Doria's. 
 The land being friendly to Dragut, Doria has sent to Genoa, Naples, 
 and Sicily for more vessels ; and if they arrive in time, Dragut yriU. 
 be dashed for ever. Some think that the pirate came out rather to 
 del*y than to fight Doria, and to entice him into this gulf, into 
 which galleys can only go by one or two at the most at one time ; 
 and as Doria expects vessels firom the places before named, so 
 Dragut looks for the Turk's navy to arrive there before Doria's 
 departure, which may be if he waits for other aid. These news 
 have stayed the Prince of Spain, who, five or six days ago, had sent 
 off" many of his train, and was ready to leave on the 2d curt. News 
 from Venice confirm the report as to the extent of the Turk's navy, 
 of which 48 or 50 are already abroad ; and the appointment by the 
 Venetians of a Providetor or General for their navy is the best token 
 that the Turk cumeth. Signor John Gastaldo writes fi"om Hungary 
 that the Bassa of Buda has entered Transylvania with 8,000 horse, 
 and looks for many thousands more. Fra Giorgio does what he 
 can to defend the country. Gastaldo has also gone thither with 
 7,000 men. Great mustering of troops daily throughout Hungary 
 to meet the Turk. Advices from Constantinople mention the making 
 of 8,000 barrels of biscuit, and more in preparation in all parts of 
 the Turk's dominions ; and orders are given to all his sangiacchi 
 and captains to have their troops ready at small warning to put foot 
 in stirrup. He sent his standard to the new King of the Tartars, 
 who, in return, sent him a present, estimated at 30,000 ducats, and 
 richly rewarded the bearers. The Turk may himself march to 
 Hungary about the end of this summer. The Bishop of Rome has 
 sent a brief monitory, summoning Duke OctaAdo to appear at Rome 
 within 30 days, under pain of being held rebel with forfeiture of 
 lands, ofliices, and all. Not content with this, he wiU also do him a 
 worse turn, that is, he curseth him with book, bell, and candle. 
 It is said that, in the hopes of it being intercepted, Duke Octavio 
 had sent a packet to Rome, containing letters written to divers 
 Cardinals, and many of his friends, to entreat for him, offering a 
 will content to do as much as he could to recover the favour of his 
 Holiness ; his object being to stay the Bishop until the corn that 
 
 G 2 
 
100 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1651. 
 
 grows about Parma may be gathered into the town. Though Pietro 
 Strozzi is not in Parma, as he last wrote to their Lordships, yet 
 Mons. Sipier [St. Pierio], a man of no less, or rather of more, esteem 
 in France than he, is there for the French King, and has paid the 
 soldiers two pays, and taken their oath of faithful service to the 
 French King. The Bishop has horsemen ready at Ancona, and also a 
 good number of footmen at Bologna. It is thought he will require 
 to occupy them or others about the sea-coast ; and to this end has 
 required the Venetian Ambassador to write to the Seignioiy that 
 their clergy may help him with tents, &c. It is also noised that 
 Ferrante Gonzaga is secretly levying troops. Yesterday had merrily 
 asked the French Ambassador how, since the Bishop of Rome had 
 excommunicated Octavio, and all who give him aid, it fared with 
 his master ; was he, with all his, yea, and their horses, not excom- 
 municated also ? " Ma foy,' ' saith he, " his words are very large, 
 and perhaps he may stir hornets so long that the sting will stick 
 when he shall not be well able to pull it out." Knows that the 
 Ambassador understands the chief points of religion well, and thinks 
 he would be glad it were lawful in France for bishops to be honest 
 men. Is certain that he is not a little nettled that the Bishop should 
 extend his excommunication so far. The French Ambassador in 
 Flanders wrote hither how an English Protestant was taken in 
 Flanders with books and letters, and that all the letters are sent 
 hither to the Emperor. Cannot learn what there should be, but that 
 there was a fardel of books, and many letters, with instructions to 
 some in France. (^4 portion torn away.) Denmark begins to stir 
 against Sweden, which was once parcel of Denmark, and perhaps 
 may be again, if these fall out with Denmark and the Hanses. 
 Hears that the Hanses are angiy with the King of Sweden, for that 
 he did last year practise with the King's Majesty to serve England 
 with certain wares which were wont to be sold first to those of 
 Lubeck, and afterwards to come to the English. Magdeburg still 
 holds out, and is like enough to abide the worst that shall be done 
 against it this summer. There is no certainty as to the General 
 Council ; none have gone thither from this town, nor have any as 
 yet come to Trent ; but letters from Rome state that even if war 
 should break out of the affairs of Parma, the Council shall hold on. 
 This is for many causes unlikely. A proclamation said to be issued 
 in France that none shall speak evil of the English for their religion, 
 and therefore many things may follow. "They, whose religion 
 standeth only by sufferance and silence, cannot abide that it should 
 come to the trial. Their doctrine hath no metal in it able long to 
 abidi; the hammer of a learned disputation. God send it be as well 
 meant in France, as it might do wonderful good to all Christendom ! 
 II" any good be done there, as we call it, or evil as the Papists do 
 misname it, your Lordships shall have the greatest part of the praise 
 or blami! thereof. If tho I<'rouoh Kinjj; may by any means be brought 
 to the setting out of God's glory and to the licensing of true doc- 
 triiiti to bo taught to the pooplo. wliotlier it bo rightly meant or upon 
 occlusion done, yea, tlion^di it be to spite some others, as Paul 
 sayeth ho must rcjoioi^ and be glad, that Christ may, by any means, 
 bo set out to the people. The Papists are wonderfully afraid that 
 
EDWARD VI. 101 
 
 1551. 
 
 their doctrine must come to the bar in France, and be as well there 
 found guilty of a marvellous sort of crimes as it hath been in Eng- 
 land. God send that the sessions may quickly be kept, and that 
 French prelates may be hereafter as -willing rightly to teach as they 
 have been glad hitherto frowardly to seduce !" Whether their Lord- 
 ships mean that he shall remain here or return home, his humble suit 
 is that he may be able to pay what he owes here ere he parts, which 
 is us much as his next half-year's diet cometh to, and will be a good 
 deal more before he leaves. Begs their Lordships may be pleased to 
 bestow upon him the licence lor dickers,* which he had already 
 moved to them. [Five pages.] 
 
 May 5. 338. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir Nicholas Throgmorton, one of 
 
 Augsburg, the gentlemen of his Majesty's privy chamber. His doings rightly 
 reported can do him no harm, and he can in nowise warrant more 
 than his doings. Pen and tongue are out of his reach, and may do as 
 they are wont, and not as they ought. Minds to please in as many 
 things as he safely may ; farther he cannot vow. He will not 
 willingly offend the bigger to please the meaner. Will do his 
 ^ best to do that he ought. More may be looked for, and he never 
 
 a whit to blame, though they miss that they look for. Did little 
 think some one would have made such a matter against him, but 
 must plead guilty of no more than duty may well discharge him of. 
 Entreats Throgmorton to cease not his labour for the leather licence. 
 Such a licence given to the better service of the King needs be no 
 precedent for others to challenge the like. It were evil done to give 
 it him, if either he had of his own to help himself withal, or that 
 there were not plenty of leather in England to serve his licence 
 without loss to the commonwealth. Is about a couple of genetts, 
 but he could have them in his stable if his leather would stretch so 
 far. Knows where he is indebted, and it is some grief to him to be 
 in such beggary, as he can make no demonstration thereof. His 
 genetts must go towards England when he has leather to hide them 
 in ; for if they go in sight they may be stayed, unless leather jer- 
 kins, or some other things wringed forth of leather, entreat for the 
 passage. Let Throgmorton make him able to come by genetts, and 
 he shall see that Morysine knows whither to send them. Supposes 
 that the French Ambassador here has been no evil mean of such 
 news out of France as mentioned, but he likes not the coming 
 hither of Dr. Wotton. For his own part, shall be very glad to re- 
 turn whosoever succeed him, and the sooner the better content. 
 Knows Wotton to be a worthy man for wit, skill, and all the rest ; 
 yet perceives that it will breed some jealousy in France if he come 
 to tarry. They have few less loved to the Frenchmen, therefore 
 thinks be best served his country while he was there. Can but 
 wonder at Lady Suffolk's heats. They have oft cumbered him, but 
 never worse than at this time. It is a great pity that so goodly a 
 wit waiteth upon so froward a will. Has often, but in vain, made 
 the suit to her that will might wait upon wit another while. 
 " Your brother needeth none of mine adhortations. I ha.'e, not- 
 withstanding what I think, well said to him. To make an end, if 
 
 * Dicker, a quantity of 10 liides of leather. Vide Cowel in voce. 
 
102 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1651. 
 
 May 6. 
 Greenwich. 
 
 May 7. 
 Greenwich. 
 
 Eod. die. 
 
 May 10. 
 Touts. 
 
 my Lord Marquis and my Lord of Warwick do not all to leather 
 me, my wife and I shall weep for bread, and so not get it neither. 
 If you help not, think me marred." [Three pages. Conway 
 l'aj)er8.^ 
 
 339. The Earl of Warwick [John Dudley] to Sir John Masone. 
 The delay in Sir William Pickering's return has been by occasion of 
 this great Ambassade. Recommends his son Lord Lisle, who has been 
 appointed ^ttacA/ to the Embassy. The Marquis of Northampton 
 is to leave upon Monday in Whitsun-week. [One page. Copy in 
 Sir John Maaone'a Letter-Book] 
 
 340. The Council to Sir John Masone. Sendmg therewith his 
 Majesty's letter to the French King of the 1st inst., desiring him to 
 present it officially, and to mention the appointment of the Marquis 
 of Northampton and the Bishop of Ely as Ambassadors extraordinary 
 for the ceremony of investiture. [One page and a half. Drafti] 
 
 Copy of the preceding in Sir J. Masone 's Letter-Book. [Half a 
 page.] 
 
 341. Sir John Masone to the Council. Eight days since Mons. 
 S' Pien-e had come express from Rome and brought intelligence 
 
 ' that the Bishop thereof had adjourned personally Sig. Gctavio, 
 and had levied troops towards an attempt to dispossess him of 
 Parma. The French King immediately despatched troops to the 
 frontiers, ordered his heavy horse to Paris and his light horse to 
 Lyons, and made preparations with so much heat that it was cur- 
 rently rumoured he intended to take the field in person. Sig. As- 
 canio, nephew to the said Bishop, arrived yesterday, and was very 
 well received. If the Bishop is obstinately in mind to recover the 
 seigniory of Parma, war must ensue, "and in that case is the 
 thing like to grow to a breach with other men ; for all men may 
 well know that the said Bishop is the poorest man that ever came 
 into the place, and that of himself he is able to do notliing. So as it 
 must be others that shall be the principal doers, albeit the said 
 Bishop may have the open name thereof Others tliink that this is 
 but a colour of the said Bishop to blear the Emperor's eye, wherehy 
 he may be made believe that all this train was wrought without the 
 said Bishop's advice." The excitement has somewhat abateil ; but 
 meanwhile every man provides as if the war were proclaimed. 
 " They have been so long in a readiness, and have their heads so full 
 of hot young blood, as needs must they be doing, fidl where it will." 
 Immediately on these tidings Sig. Horatio, brother to the said 
 Octavio, was affianced to the King's bastoi-d daughter, and straight- 
 way with M. St. Pierre sent post into Italy. On Wednesday the 
 6th their Lordships' letters arrived by Francisco, who informed 
 him that the reports which ho had alluded to formerly were utterly 
 false and in no part truo, Bc'lievi>a that such arose of his own coun- 
 trymen, who being a sort of vile runagates and desperate vagabonds, 
 resort in numbers daily hither and make a place of receipt in the 
 Vidame'p hoii.sc. Tliinks he is now well harnessed for the defence 
 and confutation of Hiich niu-eches n.s bofore he wist not how to bear 
 off. Yesterday communicate<l the coming Embassy to the Constable, 
 wlio was iimcli giiitifiod therobj', and said that the King would pro- 
 bably Ih^ at Obatcaubrinnd at the time of their ai'rival, and that it 
 
EDWARD VI. 103 
 
 1551. 
 
 was intended to send Marshal St. Andr^ to England on a corre- 
 sponding Embassy. This Marshal is held in great estimation, and is 
 in such special credit with the King as very few or none are in the 
 like. Of late has been much consultation touching the marriage of 
 the Dauphin to the Scottish Queen, which the Constable and the 
 Chancellor would in any case to be deferred ; during this debate 
 there were some words between M. de Guise and the Constable. If 
 matters proceed in Italy, M. de Guise will go there aa Lieutenant- 
 General. To-day they send despatches to their Ambassador, who 
 will apprize their Lordships as to the receiving the Marquis of 
 Northampton at Boulogne and other places. " The Dowager of 
 Scotland maketh all this Court weary of her, from the high to the 
 low, such an importunate beggar is she for herself and her chosen 
 friends. The King would fain be rid of her, and she, as she pre- 
 tendeth, would fain be gone." The "trucking" is about money 
 matters : the King wishes her to go upon a promise of payment, but 
 she wishes to have the money with her. Was yesterday informed by 
 the Receiver General of Brittany, who wished that Scotland were in 
 a fish-pool, that since the beginning 1,900,000 francs had been sent 
 there out of his receipt and of the receipt of Guienne, and how 
 much else had passed he knew not. Andrew Doria has driven Dra- 
 gut Rey into a river on the coast of Gernes in Africa, and blockades 
 its mouth, so that Dragut must either break through by force, or 
 else escape by land, losing his galleys. Is informed that one Higgins, 
 formerly servant to Sir John Luttrell, has become a spy for the 
 French, and is at present here ; his informant having once been a spy 
 he knows not what to think, but recommends inquiry to be made of 
 Sir John Luttrell. The Irishmen have not yet gone ; they are 
 much favoured by the Vidame, who had offered to take the island 
 himself with a very small force ; for this offer he is much laughed at 
 and scorned by some wise men of the Court, he being but a young 
 man of war. The King and Court leave to-morrow for Angers, and 
 will take 14 or 15 days in the way. The Marshal St. Andxd's com- 
 ing wiU be notified to their Lordships by the Ambassador. Entreats 
 them to take order for the payment of his diets, they being now two 
 whole months due. " The Treasurer maketh none other answer but 
 that he hath no money. I would to God I could be excused with 
 the like answer to any steward here! Receive them when I shall, 
 they are spent already." [Six pages.] 
 
 Eod. die. Copy of the preceding in Sir John Masone's Letter-Book. [Four 
 
 pages and a half.] 
 
 May 12. 342. Commission fi-om King Edward VI. to William, Marquis of 
 Northampton, to invest Henry II., King of France, with the Order 
 of the Garter. [Two pages. Indorsed by Cecil. Draft.] 
 
 May 12. 343. Sir Richard Morysine to Cecil. According to their instruc- 
 Augsburg. tions of 18th April, received on the 8th inst., had offered to visit 
 Mons. D' Arras, partly being glad that Joannes Leonis Nardi had the 
 whole blame of the book, letters, and other devices taken in Flanders, 
 and partly because M. D'Airas had expressed a wish to see him in 
 reference to the complaints made against him. An interview had 
 Ipeen appointed for one o'clock, prior to which hour ' the French 
 
104 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1651. 
 
 Ambassador called, and told him he had delivered the said book 
 and letters to Mons. D'Arrns, so that Moiysinc might peruse them 
 •when he would, and that he expected to have commission to bum 
 both book and letters, liaving besought the Constable he might do 
 wo, becausu the one was nought, and for the sake of the gentlemen to 
 whom tiio others were addressed. On coming to Mons. D'Arras, was 
 mot by him a chamber farther than wont, and conducted by him to 
 his l)t'(i-chamber. Said to M. D'Arras, that he had heard what busi- 
 ness Joannes Leonis Aaini liad made in Flanders, by sending letters 
 and otlier fond writings, as he meant, into France, and as it happened 
 into Flanders. Told him of the letters from their Lordships, wherein 
 the man and his fond conditions were so set out, as if his doings 
 were anything like himself, or like unto such copies as were found at 
 home, there was no doubt but the readers might both have what to 
 laughfc at, and what worthily to lament in him. Mentioned that he 
 sometimes wrote himself Servus Dei, and sometimes was so familiar 
 with God, and had such plenty of instructions from heaven, that he 
 was altogether in liis revelations a companion for angels, and but of 
 his gentleness conversant with men. That he had large promises 
 made unto him, but in the dark, such as to convert the Turk, bring all 
 the infidels to the true Christian faith, and cause Jews be christened 
 by his preaching. Morysine farther said, the person might be 
 thought worthy much blame, that being in such favour with God, 
 he made no suit that his man might go whither he sent him ; and 
 it was some loss of his credit that his man being sent into France, 
 .should be taken in Flanders, and so the purpose of the Holy Ghost 
 be disappointed. If it were by force of wind, God being Lord of 
 wind and weather may seem not to favour the purpose; if, for 
 want of wit, the man sent is not so worthy to be blamed as he is 
 that sent him. On this Mons. D'Arras was very merry, and added, 
 " When God sendeth fools of his errand, yet he doth order the 
 matter so, as they speed that He sendeth them for. If others ser\'e 
 Joannes Leonis' turn no better than this his apostle is like to do 
 whom we have in Flanders, he must take a pain himself" Perceives 
 that they take the matter as it is, and lay the blame only upon 
 them that made the fault. Mons. D'Arras had said that if he or 
 any other had gathered but the shadow of any suspicious practice 
 on part of any of the English, he would have sent for Morysine ; 
 but finding no such matter, he had delivered the book and letters to 
 the French Ambassador to be forwai-ded where they were meant. 
 Notwithstanding, he said, Morysine might see, how the English 
 jarring in religion with others brought such men into their country, 
 where they dare be bolder than elsewhere. May not be bold to say 
 much while Mr. Wotton has cateoliised him, but had replied, that if 
 the man were not mad indcod, and so nioro dosiMving of pity than 
 of punishment, ho had by this time learned that the magistrates in 
 i'lngluiid were as romly to jnini.sh stiiinu;ei-s that do amiss, ns they 
 are ready to show fa\(iur to those who do well. Mons. D'Arras said, 
 the book was full of heresies, and the man rather to be thought a 
 countoiCoit varlet thaji a fool indeed, as the book had shrewd 
 inattors in it and unhappily gathered together. Replied, that he 
 had only hoard of the book, but knowing the man, could think him 
 able to do but small harm, and that also must be to fools; for 
 
EDWARD VI. 105 
 
 1551. 
 
 whoso buildetli upon revelations, that be winneth among the simple 
 he loseth among the witty, with large usury. The man that brought 
 the fardel into Flanders has been examined and the examinations 
 sent hither, but M. D'Arras says, he was not so well handled as he 
 should have been, and letters are gone to give him the rack if the 
 Council there shall think anything hid in him that may by pain be 
 brought to light. Mons. D'Arras took his coming in very good 
 part, escorting him where his men tarried for him, which was farther 
 than his wont, by a chamber. " I suppose he reckoneth I have but 
 a while to be where he may bestow his gentleness upon me, and 
 therefore he will for this little season cumber me with kindness." 
 News h<ave been received that Dragut has escaped without the loss 
 of galleys or anything. As Doria has not written, it is thought that 
 the worst of the tale is behind. They say that a great storm arose, 
 and that Doria, seeking shelter for his navy, did harbour where hope 
 appointed him, and in the mean season Dragut stole away. The 
 vessels that left Italy in expectation of finding Doria dragging 
 Di'agut after him as a prisoner, will now meet Doria scarce able to 
 hold up his head for shame, not of his evil government, but of his mis- 
 fortune. Some also report that he comes home with fewer galleys than 
 he carried out, the tempest having taken a double tithe of his vessels. 
 Others says that Dragut has his part of them, and that Doria is 
 either hardly escaped, or not escaped. Inclines to believe the worst, 
 as the Imperialists themselves want countenance to forge good news 
 at present. That that sliall not be, will not be ; thinks this is 
 not the year in which the Imperialists have to triumph. Dragut is 
 gone towards the Turk's navy, which meets him half way, and is, as 
 the Venetian Ambassador has declared to the Emperor, a great and 
 puissant army. The Venetians, who are but lookers on, arm 70 
 galleys. Tlie Turk is not thought to be so fond as to mean but the 
 enterprise of the town Africa. Spain, Sicily, and Italy lie in his 
 way, and he is the liker to rove at some one of them, for that there 
 may be good help promised him. All this year France has been 
 suspected, but never so much as now, for every day casteth some 
 new increase to this suspicion. The French lately practised to have 
 taken a fair town in Piedmont, not far from Vercelli, called Ivrea, 
 but failed; three hours more leisure might have put them in posses- 
 sion of it. It is reported that the King of Navarre is dead, and that 
 Mons. Vendome, husband to the daughter and heir of Navarre; means 
 to seek possession of the whole kingdom, his father-in-law, during all 
 his life, having had only a portion of it. The French Ambassador 
 says that he has not heard of the King's death ; but if he is, M. de 
 Vendome has as good" title to the whole kingdom as the Emperor has 
 to Flanders. Because, the King of Spain has no other title to Navarre, 
 except that when the Bishop of Rome had excommunicated the King 
 thereof, the King of Spain, as Rex CathoUcus, entered upon the realm, 
 which now, by curse of the Bishop, is not his that was the right owner, 
 but his that by violence could catch it. Thus the old doctrine serves 
 well, that a realm may be kept from the right owner, and no grudge of 
 conscience in the matter. Cannot see what kind of robbery can carry 
 men to hell, if it be lawful for any to steal kingdoms. This talk 
 may be spread, to see what will be said of it, and perhaps if the 
 King be not dead, things upon occasion may lae attempted, which 
 
106 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 now break out in talk. The castle of Brescello, belonging to the 
 Cardinal of Ferrara, taken by Giovanni Castellan of Cremona, is being 
 fortified ; men suppose it may help much to annoy Parma. Ferrante 
 Gonzaga, it is said, has made great provision for scythes, meaning to 
 mow the corn about Parma. If he can do so, the soldiers within 
 are like to want bread, but thi^c is likely to be breaking of heads 
 ere harvest be all had into the bam. The Bishop haa sent Cardinal 
 Medicis to Parma to spend the last and peremptory talk with 
 Octavio. His bull monitory is abroad, eternally cursing him, if he 
 do not as the Bishop bids him. Sends copy of it (missing). On 
 the 1 6th of April the French Ambassador's letters were taken fi-om 
 the post at Constance, looked in, and returned to the post. The 
 King, not a little offended, has sent a new cypher to the Ambassador. 
 It is said to have been done without authority, and if the persons 
 are discovered they will be punished. Yesterday came letters from 
 Eome to the Emperor, who thereupon sent for the French Ambaa- 
 sador. Has been unable to extract the subject from the Ambassador, 
 who is not so cheerful as he was wont to be. The other Ambassadors 
 have a great advantage over Morysine, since they may freely talk 
 with the Bishop's Nuncio, of whom more is for the most part to be 
 learned than of all the rest of this Court. The Bishop sails in all 
 ships, and must warrant and assure his wares at all hands, else he 
 may chance one day to make bankrupt. Supposes the disadvantage 
 small, for if he might go to the Nuncio, he were like to have as 
 little help at his hands as any that served here these 20 yeare. 
 The French Ambassador in Flanders wrote to M. MarsiUac that 
 Sir Geoffrey Pole was practising sedition and stir in England ; had 
 informed Marsillac the rumour must be false, because Sir Geoffirey 
 Pole was with the Bishop of Liege in Germany, and was not gone 
 into England, so far as he knew. Trusts they have some abroad to 
 hearken and advertise them if any such mischief be meant. The 
 Protestants here say that the King of the Romans suffers the gospel 
 to be preached in certain churches of Vienna : this is not likely, yet 
 not impossible to be true. Maximilian knows there is no way so 
 good to make him great, nor no such mean to keep the Prince from 
 the Coddjutmria. Many of the King's Council daily went to the Pro- 
 testants' churches here, and communicated in both kinds. Men sup- 
 pose the Emperor will do what lie can so to abase the King as he 
 may work his will for the Coadjidoria. The Prince is still going, 
 and men may think him already gone, for after Maximilian went, he 
 came never out of his lodgings, but when he went with the Queen 
 to christen the Duke of BMViiria's child. " As touching the General 
 Council, it is begun tlius : A few Italian Bisliops were there, and 
 invited the Holy Giiost to a mass, whicli done, he hwi leave to go 
 whither he would. Wise men say the Holy Ghost knew they meant 
 cither no Council, or odo to opptif^n the truth and to estjiblish wicked- 
 ness and (Tvor, and thoroforo lie oame no more to mass than he 
 meaiK^th to be at thoir Council. It had been much to have brought 
 him to mass, that lu^vcr wa,s at none since he was the Holy Ghost, 
 more to have mado him wait upon Bishops that send him away ere 
 lie be come to tlmm." The Oouncii is proi-ogued to September, and 
 so he thinks it will bc^gin tlie day after Nevermass. '' France may 
 be some impediment, scarcity of victuals some let j the business of 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 107 
 
 1551. 
 
 May 14. 
 
 May 14. 
 Toms. 
 
 May 15. 
 Chiiion. 
 
 May 19. 
 
 Chinon. 
 
 Parma is of more importance than the CouncU ; better a good many 
 in this blind Interim lose their soula than the Bishop his town of 
 Parma." Has just been informed that the Emperor has given notice 
 to the gentlemen of his chamber to be in readiness for his leaving 
 on the 28th of this month for Flanders, meaning not to tarry much 
 by the way till he reaches Brussels. It is thought he has sonic 
 suspicion of France. Thanks their Lordships that his diets are 
 ready to make hitherwards : shall but receive them to pay them, 
 and so be driven to borrow anew ; but there are thanks behind, 
 which he trusts they will shortly force him to give to them : he 
 means, for his licence of dickers, which once obtained, he will cumber 
 them with no more suits, till either he may bear no longer, or they 
 shall think somewhat not amiss bestowed upon him. l_Seven 
 pages.} 
 
 344. King Edward VI. to Henry II., King of France, accrediting 
 the Marquis of Northampton and Bishop of Ely for the investiture of 
 his Majesty with the Order of the Garter. [Two pages. Draft.} 
 
 345. Sir John Masone to the Constable Montmorency. Acquaints 
 him that he has received letters for the King of France, which by 
 some great carelessness had been left out of his last packet, delivered 
 eight or nine days ago, and requests to know when he may have 
 audience to present them to his Majesty. \Half a page. Copy in 
 Sir J. Masone' s Letter-Book.} 
 
 346. The Constable Montmorency to Sir John Masone. In reply 
 to the preceding, informs him that the King goes on the following 
 day to Champigny, two leagues and a half from Chinon, where 
 Masone can have access when he pleases. [Salf a page. Copy in 
 Sir J. Masone' s Letter-Book.} 
 
 347. Sir John Masone to the Council. Had received their letters 
 of the 7th upon Thursday the 14th inst., and had ascribed the 
 blame of their late despatch to the negligence of the courier or some 
 inferior minister. On Monday, in Whitsun week, he waited upon 
 the King, and presented the letter from the King his master. The 
 French King was exceedingly delighted. " I have not seen him 
 more jocund, neither at any other time have I noted in him either 
 a more pleasant or gentle countenance, either friendlier or more 
 amiable words, which I could not guess but that they proceeded 
 even from the bottom of his stomach." Marshal St. Andrd seems 
 to rejoice very much of these outward signs of the increase of this 
 amity. Is informed that he takes with him either two or three 
 ships laden with wheat, and intends not to make too much haste to 
 return, being desirous to have some experience of the English hunt- 
 
 -ing, wherein they do exceed other nations. He also, it is said, 
 brings with him a great number of the young gentlemen of the 
 French Court. If so, their Lordships doubtless wiU toot let them lack 
 convenient entertainment. Signer Ascanio has returned with certain 
 overtures devised for the pacification of the matter of Parma, which it 
 is thought will not take efiect so soon, the less because that Don Fer- 
 nando, on hearing of the revolt of Parma, had seized a town called 
 Bozzelis [Bossolo], not far from thence,- belonging tb' the Cardinal of 
 
108 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 Ferrara, and is now fortifying it. Its position being such as to impede 
 supiilii's from Mirandola, marvellously troubles the French. The Em- 
 ptM-ov is again reported to be dying. Has seen a letter from Rome, 
 in which it is said that the Bishop of Armachan is thoroughly and 
 very well despatched touching the matters of Ireland. What this 
 may bo he can rather conjecture than know certainly, but either is 
 it some cursing, or giving the said realm in predam, or some mis- 
 chief or other, which he trusts shall take the same effect as have other 
 malicious practices whicli have hitherto been meant against England 
 from that see. The French King's ordinance, tliat all ecclesiastics 
 shall reside half the year on their benefices, has given much offence 
 to the Bishop of Rome. Monluc is likely to be sent thither con- 
 cerning this. Congratulates them on their taking measures for the 
 reformation of the coinage in England, which will be gladly appre- 
 ciated both at home and abroad. Marshal St. Andr^ will not leave 
 untU he hears that the Marquis of Northampton has crossed the sea. 
 [Three pages.] 
 
 Eod. die. Copy of the preceding in Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book. [Four 
 
 pages.] 
 
 May 20. 2i8. Dr. Wotton to the Council. Arrived at Brussels on Monday 
 Brussels, in Whitsun-week, having tarried some days at Antwerp for sundry 
 preparations necessarj'. Next morning Sir Thomas Chaloner and he 
 sent notice of his arrival to the President de Mombarry, otherwise 
 called de Saint Maurice, desiring audience of the Queen Regent 
 Her Majesty did not return from hunting until late, but to-day 
 (Wednesday), about 10 a.m., the President came and brought them 
 to the Queen, to wliom Wotton delivered the King's letter. She 
 used herself gently enough, made much expression of amity, and 
 mentioned that tlie Emperor would leave Augsburg in the beginning 
 of next month to come downwards. After leaving her they waited 
 upon the French Queen, and did like commendations from the King 
 to her ; who also seemed to take it very well and used very gentle 
 words to them. Intends to depart to-morrow, thinking to find the 
 Emperor at Worms, where it is understood his Majesty will only 
 wait for ships and boats convenient for him and his train. Where- 
 fore, had he not feared to offend the King, he could have been con- 
 tent to spare this journey to Augsburg or Worms, and have tarried 
 for the Emperor here, knowing how little jileasure it is for straugci-s 
 to travel in that barbarous country of ijlermany. " As I passed 
 through Mechlin a servant of mine told me that one in a velvet coat 
 asked him wiiether he were an Englishman ? My man said, ' Yea,' 
 The t'other asked him whether lie were my servant ? My man said, 
 ' Yea.' ' Tiien,' quod the t'other, ' I pni}' j'ou show your master that 
 I would fain speak with him.' ' Whnt is your name?' quod my 
 man. ' Marry, Geoffrey Polo,' quod the otlier. ^\'hcji I heaid this 
 I told my man I would not speak with him, he having used himself 
 as he had done. Likewise hero at Brussels, two gentlemen, the one 
 called Kempo, the other WalgraA'o, would fain have spoken with me. 
 I caused answer to be made to them that if they could make it 
 appear to me that they had leave eitlier to come out of England or 
 to tarry liero, I would be glad to speak with them, and else not. 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 109 
 
 May 20. 
 
 Greenwich. 
 
 Eod. die. 
 
 May 20. 
 Greenwich. 
 
 Eod. die. 
 
 May 20. 
 Greenwich. 
 
 1551. 
 
 And so they went their ways." Desires to know his Majesty's 
 pleasure whether he should have any communication with them, or 
 other persons, if again sued for an interview. [Two pages.] 
 
 Si9. Commission from King Edward VI. to William Marquis of 
 Northampton, Thomas Bishop of Ely, Sir John Masone, Sir Philip 
 Hoby, Sir William Pickering, Sir Thomas Smith, and Dr. John 
 Oliver, to conclude a treaty of marriage between his Majesty and 
 the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Henry II., King of France. 
 [Three pages. Latin. Copy in Sir John Masone's Letter-Book.] 
 
 First draught (entirely autograph of Sir William Cecil) of the pre- 
 ceding commission. [Six pages. Printed hy Rytner, Vol. xv., 
 p. 279, M edition, 1728.] 
 
 350. Commission from King Edward VI. to the same Commis- 
 sioners to arrange a treaty of strict alliance and defence between 
 France and England. [Three pages. Latin. Copy in Sir John 
 Masone's Letter-Booh^ 
 
 Copy of the preceding commission, corrected by Cecil. [Six pages 
 and a half. Indorsed hy Geoil^ 
 
 351. Instructions, from King Edward VI. to the Marquis of North- 
 ampton and the other Commissioners aforesaid, — proceeding to 
 France to invest Henry II. with the Order of the Garter, — to 
 demand the Queen of Scots in marriage with the King of England ; 
 and in the event of that being refused, to solicit the hand of the 
 Princess Elizabeth, daughter of the French monarch. With the 
 various stipulations as to dowry, time for solemnization of the 
 marriage, &;c. [NiTie pages. Copy in Sir John Masone's Letter- 
 Booh.] 
 
 The treaty of marriage following upon the preceding commission 
 has been printed by Rymer, Vol. xv., p. 273, 2d edition, 1728. 
 
 First draft of the preceding (Eighteen pages), and fair copy thereof 
 (Eight pages, indorsed hy Cecil), without the three additional clauses 
 contained in Masone's copy. 
 
 May 20. 352. " A memoriall of such things as be to be considered for the 
 instructions of the Lord Marquis " (Northampton). " An estimat of 
 the entei-teynement of the Lords that went over with' my Lord 
 Marquis." " A memorie for the enterteynement of my Lord Marquis 
 and his treyne." In the first of these documents it is settled that 
 there shall be no book of statutes (of the Order of the Garter), as 
 hath been accustomed. [Five pages.] 
 
 Mayc.20or21. 353. King Edward VI. to Henry II., King of France. Informs 
 Greenwich, him of the appointment of Commissioners to meet M. Lansac for 
 settling the question of the Scottish boundaries, and giving credence 
 to Sir William Pickering, who has been appointed resident 
 Ambassador in France. [One page. Indorsed hy Cecil. French. 
 Copy.] 
 
 May 23. 354. Peter Vannes to the Council. Acknowledges receipt of their 
 Venice. letter of the 19th ult. from Greenwich, and congratulates them on 
 
I 10 FOREIGN PAPERS, 
 
 1551. 
 
 the prosperous estate of his Majesty and the realm as therein set 
 forth. Had communicated its contents to the Seigniory and the 
 other Ambassadors, and especially declared the friendship with 
 France and other continental powers, which kind of communication 
 he did somewHat extend of himself, the rather for to quench a certain 
 suspicious and untrue rumour here that in England should be little 
 agi-eement amongst noblemen, and likelihood of war from outward 
 parts, and seditions within the realm. The French Ambassador had 
 previously in his master's name aflSrmed the Seigniory of the amity, 
 and the exchange of the Orders of the Garter and of St. Michael 
 Trusts they will be nothing aggrieved by his going to solemn places 
 when formally invited. Little news here in addition to what he had 
 before written to them. Matters are in the same state in regard to 
 Parma, likely to end in words merely. The Bishop of Rome is 
 reckoned of a wavering mind, for the French, beside the unkindness, 
 do judge and openly speak of his unfriendly doings. The Imperialists 
 have him in a jealousy, and that he doe^ nothing but for fear of the 
 Emperor ; and so sitting between two stools, he is not long like to 
 sit upright. For if by any chance he should lose the friendship of 
 France, he shall lose the best flower of his garland ; and on the other 
 side, if he doth displease the Emperor, undoubtedly he shall put his 
 temporal estate in danger. The Duke of Ferrara makes precautionary 
 defences : many suppose he has a leaning towards France. Nothing 
 is spoken of the Council, or any good expected from it. The second 
 session is put off till September, and many judge it is rather ap- 
 pointed for the advancing of Princes' affairs, than for any good order 
 to be established in religion, according to God's law and hlis honour. 
 The news in his last letter of the victories of Andrew Doria over 
 Dragut Rey, as set forth by the Imperialists, prove to be clean con- 
 trary to the truth ; since, notwithstanding Doria's force, he has got 
 safely away with all his own vessels, and has taken one of Doria's 
 best galleys, called the Corona, and two other ships laden with bis- 
 cuits ; while Doria was going towards Naples somewhat sick in body 
 and mind, being a man of great age and well wearied in worldly 
 labour. A seditious treatise had lately been discovered at Genoa, 
 and a gentleman of the family of Spinola, keeping a great bank at 
 Lyons, has been imprisoned for the same. As he heara nothing of 
 Horsmonden in Rome or Italy, supposes that he went to Barbary as 
 formerly mentioned. Four Englishmen have come to Rome. Two 
 of these, Thomas Crew, a Cheshire man, and John Badger, a native 
 of Worcestershire, naming themselves gentlemen of a low degree (as 
 he supposes), have got into the service of Cardinal Pole, The other 
 two are placed at Sienna as soldjers, with two ducjits and a half ^jer 
 month. One of them is a son of Winslow the Cornish traitor ; and 
 what with his playing upon his harp, they wander tlieir lives without 
 any supc^rfluity of victuals or ease. An English gentleman, George 
 Throgmortoii, lias arrived here, for the purpose of learning the lan- 
 guage and gaining worldly exi)erienco. As his uncle is chief man 
 about Cardinal Pole, Vtumca has gi^'en liim advice how to comfort 
 hims(^lf"; lio seems of a very gentle nature and honest conditions, 
 and of a true heart towards his country, willing to do well and 
 haunt honest company. Since writing thus fai* has heard from a 
 friend at Naples, to whom he had written about WiUiam Hors- 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 Ill 
 
 1551. 
 
 May 23. 
 Venice. 
 
 May 25. 
 Greenwich. 
 
 May 26. 
 
 Saumur. 
 
 May 26. 
 Angsbnrg. 
 
 monden, that the latter bore a true heart to England, and that his 
 sudden and suspicious departure only proceeded from necessity and 
 from no other cause. Incloses three letters. Perceives that betwixt 
 the Imperialists and Frenchmen here there are burning hearts ; each 
 side watching time and opportunity. For further news refers to 
 writing inclosed. [Five pages.] Anneoced, 
 
 354. I. Some notes of foreign intelligence, containing news of 
 
 the capture of Duke Horatio, the Prior of Lomhardy, 
 and others, whose vessels had been driven by stress of 
 weather into Pietra Santa, within the territory of the 
 Duke of Florence, and their friendly treat'ment and 
 liberation by the Duke. [Italian. Four pages. See 
 Morysine's letter of May 26, postea^ 
 
 355. Peter Vannes to Sir William Petre and Cecil. A note of 
 complimentary courtesy, inclosing the preceding letter for the 
 Council. [Half a page.] 
 
 356. The Council to Sir John Masone. The French Ambas,sador 
 has this day informed them that the French Commissioners in Scot- 
 land complain that the English ones are very strait, and allege lack 
 of instructions to accord what'Pickering and Masone had agreed to 
 the French King. They have now received full instructions. A 
 dispute has again arisen in regard to the French boundaries, Senar- 
 pont having caused to be impounded 60 English cattle which 
 were pasturing upon Sandingfeld, called by them St. Engelbert's, 
 and notwithstanding the Ambassador had written to him, he yet, 
 as it were to maintain the pique, retains one cow, and very quickly 
 has both written to Lord WUloughby, and also sent him answer by 
 a trumpeter. Desire him to see the Constable as to this. They 
 have also heard that Senarpont has obtained the lands of Sanding- 
 feld to his own use, which is not to be liked, since being a man of 
 charge upon the frontier, he may thereby be the rather provoked to 
 pick a quarrel for his own commodity. The Marquis of Northampton 
 has left, and will probably be at Calais to-morrow. [One page and 
 a half. Copy in Sir J. MasoTie's Letter-Book.] 
 
 357. Henry II., King of France, to the Marquis of Northampton. 
 Congratulates him on his arrival, and sends the bearer, the Sieur 
 de Mandosse, gentleman of the chamber, to escort him to the Court. 
 [One page. Counter sigtwd by De I'Aubespine, a/nd indorsed by 
 Cecil. Addressed " A Mons. le Marquis de. Noranthon." 
 French.] 
 
 358. Sir Richard Morysine to the Council. Signor Ascanio della 
 Cornia having returned to Rome with a flat answer from the French 
 King that he will not cast off those whom with gage of his honour 
 he has taken into his protection, makes men think that the next 
 letters wiU show whether large sayings and lusty doings dwell 
 together, or whether the hollow Father can chide a good, and after 
 do but a little harm. The person who brought th6" last letters states 
 that 2,000 guastatori, with horse and foot, are ready to go to 
 Parma, and mean, the Bishop having a min^ still to mar that which 
 God makes, to destroy such corn as else might do good. His curse is 
 running in great storm; would God his soldiers' swords could do 
 
112 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. . ., , , 
 
 no more hurt to bodies than this his excommunication -will do harm 
 to souls ! It is said the Emi)oror has sent 12 captains from Milan 
 and elsewhere in Italy to levy men against Octavio ; and that 
 Signor Giovan Baptista de Monte, nephew to the Bishop, and like 
 to lie eonfaloniero of the Church in room of Octavio, if he behaves 
 stoutly in the enter] )rise, is ready to du the Bishop's business at 
 Parma when ordered thereto. The French, on their part, are not 
 idle, but labour as men who mean ; the more earnestly, perhaps, of 
 a report that their king was like to lay the whole fkmily of the 
 Farneses in the dust. Pietro Strozzi, with 12 others, is levying 
 men throughout Italy, and is said to be now in Parma; he and 
 Duke Horatio will probably keep abroad, to be the rescue of such as 
 else may be mured up. Letters from Florence confirm the news tliat 
 Duke Horatio with some French gentlemen, coming from France 
 with two galleys, had by stress of weather been driven to land at 
 Pietra Santa, a haven of the Duke of Florence, whose officers, aware 
 of the little good will between their master and the house of Far- 
 nese, had stayed the galleys, and fell to rifling of them. But the 
 Duke hearing of this, sent orders that they should be honourably 
 entertained, and their property restored to them. Others say that 
 Horatio made shift and escaped, untalked with and unseen. Some 
 think that if he could help himself otherwise, though with some peril, 
 he would rather give the adventure thereof than come into the Imnds 
 of the Duke of Florence. Paul III. did Cosmo de Medicis many 
 displeasures, at which time the Farneses, his nephews, thought it 
 their part to show enmity where their grandfather had so bestowed 
 Ids hatred. Besides, as the Emperor had made him Duke of 
 Florence, men think that where he might have gratified the 
 Emperor and the Bishop of Rome by the stay of his own enemy, 
 whom God had put in his hands unsought for, he would not so 
 suddenly have let him away. Had he been kept, war might have 
 been stayed. Others say the Duke acted wisely, both from a desire 
 to be neutral, and because of the intermarriage of the French King 
 with the house of Medicis. Horatio is said to be now safe in Farma. 
 The best of the house of BentivogUo, who long were Lords of 
 Bologna till Julius II. drove them out, have come to Italy, prac- 
 tising to see what they may do against Julius III., with small hope 
 of recovering what they have lost, but some pleasure to annoy him 
 whom they would fain undo. Shai'tley is looked for ; if he come, 
 Germans will swarm towards Italy, if the French King have his 
 troops got ready made for them. Men of experience think that war 
 has got full possession of Italy for a yt'ar or two, if want of victuals 
 breed not the atonement a long while before good will make tliem 
 friends. The French seek as many delays as tiiey can, in order to 
 hiive their naval and military oi)erntions in hand at once. Octavio 
 has rcquesteil of the Bishop of Rome, — 1, tliat he may give up the 
 captainship of tho Cliurch ; 2, that he may servo what and whom 
 h(! listeth ; 3, that the Hishoj) will stay his exeonnnunication. The 
 Bishop replies to the iirst, it should have been granted without 
 suit; to tho spcoiul, he luis aeted without lieenee ; to the third, he 
 must Iciiik for it, uhIo.mh lie eoiues homo to his mother Church. The 
 Turk's arniata is already about Ncgi-oponto. The French say the 
 Turk cannot be long of coming j tho Imperialists that the Sophy 
 
EDWARD VI. 113 
 
 1551. 
 
 will find enough of work for him at home : but those who have 
 been in these countries assert that the Sophy can better withstand 
 the Turk in his own country than by invading him. The son of 
 Barbarossa, King of Algiers, has been busy with Hereph, King of 
 Tremecen, and has killed one of his sons, and taken another prisoner. 
 Duke Maurice's agent here gives out that those of Magdeburg desire 
 to be reconciled, making much suit for peace, and ask but any 
 reasonable conditions, willing to bear some pain for their stubborn 
 withstanding of the Emperor ; also that conferences are being held 
 to that end. On the other hand, it is said that they are perfectly 
 indifferent to peace or war, being determined to maintain liberty 
 of conscience ; and that the sea cities, Hamburg, Bremen, Lunen- 
 burg, and others have sent them great supplies of provisions, and 
 by this open show of their friendship have so increased these men's 
 hearts that they can no skill of fear. Some suppose Duke Maurice 
 is at this Diet, endeavouring by his clergy to win back to him the 
 foolish Protestants ; a sort of men as apt to be deceived, as the 
 others be glad when they are so. Duke John Frederick's son may, 
 in this time of his father's captivity, be persuaded to do many things 
 that, as he may be made to believe, will do his father good. What- 
 soever the Assembly means, if the sea cities have gone thus far, it is 
 like they will need small entreaty to go farther. France has his 
 practices in all places. Yesterday at eight o'clock, before dinner, 
 the Pirince of Spain left this for Genoa. The Prince of Piedmont on 
 his right hand, and the Duke of Holstein on his left, almost cheek 
 by cheek, escorted him out of the town. The Duke of Alva and 
 Mons. D'Arras brought his Highness a mile or two of his way, and 
 at parting both dLsmounted, and kissing his hand, with great 
 reverence and much ceremony, took their leave on foot. About 
 2 p.m. on same day, the Emperor left for Monaco, either to essay 
 himself how he might abide his horse, or that he felt as fathers do, 
 and would be away from that house a season, where his son and he 
 had been so long and now were sundered. His Majesty chose the 
 hottest of the day to travel in, gladdest to be abroad when the sun 
 heateth most. Both Prince and Emperor went by the Duke of 
 Saxony, who bareheaded made low obeisance to them. The Prince 
 put off his cap ; the Emperor cast up his eye, and put his hand to- 
 wards his cap. The Court, that is, Foulkers' [Fugger's] house and all 
 Ambassadors, remain until his Majesty's return, about 10 days hence, 
 when, if there be no let or change of will he proceeds to Flanders. 
 His greatest errand is to make France not too lusty in Italy, and 
 send too many from home, lest he be doing with him whilst his 
 captains be elsewhere occupied. Will say little of his own troubles 
 occasioned by this removing, as their Lordships can guess them by 
 his wants, and the place in which they have put him. He is 
 beholden to the Schores, who lend him a good deal more money than 
 he wots where to borrow at home. 
 
 P.S. At the sealing of this a friend brought him letters from Trent, 
 which he sends herewith (missing). [Six pagesi] 
 
 May 28. 359. Sir John Masone to the Marquis of Northampton. Con- 
 Angers, gratulates Mm on his arrival in France. The King is at present 
 within three leagues of Angers, Keconunends his Lordship for the 
 
 H -1- 
 
114 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1651. 
 
 May 31. 
 Paris. 
 
 May 31. 
 Venice. 
 
 more ease to come by water from Orleans, as the Loire is much 
 greater than in times past at this season it hath been wont to be. 
 M. de Boisdaulphin, a gentleman of much estimation and chief 
 maitre d'h6tel to the King, is to accompany M. de St. Andre to 
 England and remain as Ambassador there. Has just been informed 
 that the King will be here on Tuesday next, will not remain beyond 
 three days, but will go to Chateaubriand, 15 or 16 leagues hence. 
 [One page. Copy in Sir J. Maaone'a Letter-Book^ 
 
 360. The Marquis of Northampton to Sir John Masone. Thanks 
 him for his letter, and informs him that his entertainment hitherto 
 by the way has been so gentle and friendly that he is put out of 
 care for needing of anything while he shall be in these parts. M. de 
 Mandosse had met him at Boulogne, and M. de Viliebon at Montreuil, 
 and made him right good cheer, continuing their escort of him hither. 
 Had been visited by the Mayor and principal men of every town 
 through which he passed, with such presents as they use. If Masone 
 sees the King or the Constable, requests that he will express the 
 Marquis's grateful sense of the attentions paid to him and his suite. 
 Was informed yesterday by M. de Mandosse that the King would 
 receive him at Nantes. WiU leave Paris about Wednesday next, 
 and spend three days in jom-ney between that city and Orleans, 
 whence he will take the water as Masone recommends him. Sends 
 his compliments to Lady Masone. [ One page and a half. Copy in 
 Sir J. Maaone's Letter-Booh.'] 
 
 361. Peter Vannes to the Council. The Seigniory have delayed 
 sending their General, in daily expectation of some certain intelli- 
 gence of the Turk's army. A rumour of the Turk's death had spread 
 in Constantinople, and the people being almost in a tumult, the 
 Ambassadors and Christians there were in some danger and pre- 
 vented from sending any despatches. The report had been quenched 
 by the Turk's very solemn and pompous entry iato that city from 
 Adrianople, to the great comfort of his subjects. Letters from thence 
 of the 28th ult. state that the whole Turkish fleet does not exceed 
 110 galleys, besides several pirates, and 50 of them provided with 
 all things necessary were ready to sail. Whereupon on the 26th 
 curt, the Seigniory solemnly delivered his standard to theii" General, 
 in token of absolute authority, his power being so great that he 
 can do and undo all things, and so cannot the Dvie. Describes the 
 ceremonial of the delivery of the standai-d to Maestro Stephano 
 Teypolo the General, a man of the age of 70 years, goodly, grave, and 
 witty, in presence of the Duke and about 300 gentlemen of Venice, 
 all clothed in crimson velvet, dninask, and satin, together with the 
 Ambassadors. The General was clothed with a train of crimson 
 velvet to the ground, and his under gai-nient down to his foot was 
 of crimson satin, his uppermost gai'uient being open on the right 
 Hide, with buttons of {,'olil ou his shoulder as big as hens' eggs, much 
 after the Parlianiont robes. After i> solemn mass of the Holy Ghost 
 tlie same great standard, ns peradvonture some men thought rather 
 for the alluring of the rude people, not without suspicion of super- 
 stition, was consecrated there even with like ceremonies as the font 
 and paschal wn« wont to be hallowed on Easter-even, and then 
 
EDWARD VI. 115 
 
 1551. 
 
 delivered by the Duke to the General Icaeeling. The standard 
 being carried by his Admiral, the General was accompanied to his 
 galley by the Duke and the rest of the company, with trumpets, 
 drums, and shot of ordnance. This galley was gorgeously appointed, 
 ha^'ing on each side 25 banks, every bank of four oars, and a piece 
 of ordnance between every bank, beside other great pieces couched 
 in the fore part and other places, bravely furnished with all things 
 thereunto belonging. Supposes about 20,000 people were present, 
 whose respectful and cheerful demeanour towards their superiors 
 was chiefly to be noted, which, as the General informs him, is to be 
 ascribed to their education when young, and by reason thereof all 
 the Government here proceeds with an incredible quiet and good 
 order. The General told him that Dragut Key had in the Gulf of 
 Venice attacked two of their vessels laden with troops, provisions, 
 and arms for Corfu ; but they were so gallantly defended, that they 
 saved all things, save that one of the ships was so sore bowged with 
 Dragut's ordnance, that she sank immediately after the discharge of 
 her burden. The Providetor being 10 miles off, and hearing the 
 gunshot, immediately directed sail towards them with a good wind, 
 and chased Dragut into a strait. The Emperor's Ambassador tells 
 him that the Viceroy of Naples has already furnished certain places 
 upon the sea coast in these quarters with 10,500 horse and foot, 
 suflScient ordnance, munitions, and victual There is a rumour, 
 which he believes to be absurd, that certain gentlemen of good 
 families of Genoa are cited there to answer upon a practice detected, 
 with agreement of the Prince of Spain, for the destruction of Andrew 
 Doria and to bring the city unto the Imperial satisfaction. Cannot 
 suppose that a Prince of such honour would in anywise consent 
 thereto. Conflicting reports of the proceedings of Parma are daily 
 spread, as thoir Lordships will perceive by the inclosed news received 
 from Rome of the 21st curt, (viissing.) [Four pages. Much de- 
 faced by damp.l 
 
 May. 362. King Edward VI. to Henry II., King of France. Inform- 
 
 Greenwich. iog him of his election to the Order of the Garter at a Chapter held 
 
 at Greenwich on the 24th of April last. [French. One page. Copy.] 
 
 June 2. 363. Sir Eichard Morysine to the Council. Men think that the 
 AngsbtiTg. Bishop's war and the Bishop's council, being of one nature, will 
 both end or either of them do fully begin. The Guastatori have 
 learned better manners than in this time of dearth to fall to cutting 
 of corn ere it be ripe. His Hollowness and the Emperor thought 
 France would have been entreated to let Octavio be plucked out of 
 his town, and, contrary to promise, have given him no aid, or merely 
 temporary assistance. The French preparations of men, money, and 
 all other things have undeceived them, and they seem to repent 
 what is past, and nothing hasty to make any new faults. The 
 Emperor seldom sets upon any great enterprise, but very slowly and 
 with much wariness : happy that hitherto the luck of his time has 
 bent itself much unto his nature, he stealing upon opportunities, 
 while other Princes had no leisure to look to his hands. He had 
 seemed fully minded to aid the Bishop against Octavio, and by his 
 preparations to make men understand he had good will to have him 
 
 H 2 
 
116 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 removed ; but of late it is supposed he Las cast up the enterprise, 
 and counsols thi' Bishop to let war alone for some better season. He 
 is considered not to use the best policy thus at present to increase 
 the French courage, and people say that if he will no war, this is a 
 wrong way long to enjoy peace. He has by many evident tokens 
 declared his will to blemish tlie French King's honour as much as 
 to injure Octavio. Must not power and courage grow great on the 
 other side, while they thus fail and faint on their part ? A Bishop 
 of Rome to yield part of his right, where no cause forceth him to do 
 so, is to make such as be greedy not so well content with that that 
 is given, as desirous of some gi-eater portion of that that remaineth 
 behind. Soft and slow proceedings have carried the Emperor plus 
 ultra than hope could be his guide ; but the French may perhaps 
 overtake plus ultra, and all to beshent him for going too fitst afore. 
 For all this, the Bishop's Nuncio says the war will forward, and there 
 is plenty of time yet to destroy the com and do the enemy harm 
 at will ; and, but that there is good hope that Cardinals Flore and 
 Santo Angelo should bring Octavio to some good accord, they of 
 Parma ere this had felt the Bishop is able to come by his own when 
 he listeth. He adds that there are 8,000 foot in Bologna ; that Don 
 Ferrante has 3,000 foot and 1,000 horse; and that 3,000 Germans 
 are ready to be sent thither. There is much talk in this Court of 
 the amity between England and France. Two or three have been 
 with Morysine, sent, as he guesses, by Mons. D'Arras, to marvel why 
 there shoxdd be such friendship between him and the French Am- 
 bassador. Showed himself as much surprised that any should take 
 notice of their doings, they meeting not past once in a week, seldom 
 any while together. Of these persons were the Duke of Savoy's and 
 the Venetian Ambassador. Had inquired of the latter if they did 
 not also note their intercourse ; and said, he thought where leagues 
 were between their masters, the servants ought to love one another 
 and none marvel at it, but such that think leagues may be where small 
 amity is. If there were that would complain and show why their 
 meetings were misliked, he was sure the weakest of them both had 
 enough to content any reasonable complaint. This conversation was 
 about three weeks ago, he making no more of it than he knew there 
 was cause. Well, they be jealous and feed upon light occasions ; 
 so their Lordships may guess what they now think, and how they 
 be now grieved that the Marquis goes into France wiiJi such a goodly 
 company. They have a list of all their names, and talk of entreaty 
 of man-iage. Their heads are so full of bees, that they can neither 
 hold thiur peace nor tell what to say. Many in this Court think the 
 English amity with France is one of the best stays, that neither the 
 Emperoi' nor the Bishop of Rome diu'o bo too busy with Octavio, 
 and that the Emperor is afraid, though ho would sit still he should 
 not "Ood send them tlieir bellies full, so we may have a time to 
 breathe us in I " Strozzi has 20 Captains in Mirandola, to whom 
 men flock out of all parts of Italy. So many are there for France 
 that Homethiiig is likely to follow. If the Turk comes towards 
 Italy, as men snjiposo he does, tlie.se may work no mean feat at pre- 
 sent, rumours being already cast abroad that Italy means this sum- 
 mer to make a jail delivery of as many Spaniards as are among them ; 
 
EDWARD VI. 117 
 
 1551. 
 
 indeed there were news that those of Sienna were up to kill the 
 Spaniards. It was not so indeed ; but those that scatter these news 
 would fain it were so. The Emperor is between tliis town and 
 Monaco, and has found, they say, a new water to drink, wlierein he 
 finds more ease. Is expected liere next week to tarry but a while, 
 and so forthwitli to Flanders. If he goes there, supposes there will 
 be business in Italy ; if no war in Italy, supposes he will remain 
 here. If wars be there, he means either to make France look to his 
 confines, or else to take heed that France do him not more harm in 
 the low parts than he can in Italy. If Italy be quiet, he can be no 
 where better than here, where he may know what is done in various 
 quarters ; but his chapel has gone to Flanders before him, and there- 
 fore sure account is made that his Majesty will follow shortly after. 
 It is even now reported that 150 horse have departed from the siege 
 of Magdeburg, and that daily men steal away as they can, wherewith 
 Duke Maurice is wonderfully dismayed. Besides this, the country 
 there much flock together and confer among themselves how they 
 may no longer be troubled with these wars against Magdeburg. 
 Should this be so, there is like shortly to be great business in these 
 parts. If he wanted money a good while since, trusts their Lord- 
 ships will think he can be by this time but meanly furnished for the 
 charges of such a voyage as this is. [Five pages ; a few lines in 
 cipher, deciphered^ 
 
 June 2. .364. King Edward VI. to the Duke of Cleves. Ee-credentials 
 of Herman Cruser. Trust-s that the answer conveyed by the bearer 
 will appear just and reasonable. [Draft. One page.'] 
 
 Jime4. 365. The Marquis of Northampton to the Council. Informs them 
 
 Paris. of his honourable entertainment on his way to Paris and of his recep- 
 tion there. Will leave to-morrow, intending on Sunday to be at 
 Orleans, whence he proceeds by water to Nantes, where the King 
 willed him to arrive about the 15th. The Marshal St. Andr^ will 
 bring with him to England a very brave company, and M. de Beau- 
 daulphin, who is to remain there as Ambassador. Yesterday Sir 
 Anthony Guidotti showed him a letter from Florence, which 
 mentioned that Hoi-atio Farnese, who had left Marseilles with two 
 French galleys, intending to land on some part of the Italian coast, 
 wherefrom he might best reach his brother at Parma, was by force 
 of tempest driven into one of the Duke of Florence's ports called 
 Vireg, near Pietra Santa, where, having with difficulty landed in a 
 small boat, he was discovered and conveyed to the Duke then at 
 Pietra Santa. Whether he will be detained or set at liberty by the 
 Duke is not known. [Three pages. Indorsed by Cecil.] 
 
 June 4. 366. Same to the Earl of Warwick, Lord Great Master of 
 
 Paris. the King's Majesty's most honourable household. Sir William 
 Pickering has been informed by Francis, a servant of the Vidame, 
 who speaks good English, and in respect of having been educated 
 there says he will at all times discover what he. hears to be 
 prejudicial to England, that one John Hutchins, an Englishman, 
 formerly a tamborine under a lieutenant with Mr. Luttrell, has lately 
 been at the French Court ofiering his service to the King,, and to 
 
118 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1651. 
 
 bring the Scilly Islands and some parts of Ireland into his hands, 
 The King gave small ear to his large promises, and licensed him to 
 depart. He had thereafter seen the Vidame, and offered to send him 
 intelligence from England, with plats, both of Jersey and Guernsey, 
 and all the ports and coasts of England, desiring the company of 
 some trustj"^ Frenchman to deliver these things to him. Francis has 
 been appointed very shortly to go to him in England, and he has 
 promised from time to time to communicate Hutchins' proceedings 
 to their Lordships, advising that no steps be taken against him until 
 he has commenced his enterprise, when they may both be arrested, 
 and Francis put to gentle ward that the discovery may not seem to 
 proceed from him. Has also been told by Sir William Pickering, 
 that having had certain letters delivered to him by a Scottish herald, 
 to be conveyed to the French Court, be contrived to open them, and 
 amongst others discovered one from the Master of Krskine to his 
 wife, stating that when he last passed through Enghind he had 
 privily spoken with the Earl Bothwell, not mentioning the special 
 matter, and requiring her to advertise him with all speed what the 
 Scottish Queen's pleasure should be touching that mater. Refers 
 to the preceding letter for particulars of his embassy, [Tvx> pages. 
 Inndorsed by Cecil.'] 
 
 June 4. 367. Sir John Masone to the Marquis of Northampton. Has 
 Angers. received his letter of the 31st May. The Constable, reckoning that 
 his Lord.ship will reach Nantes about Thursday or Friday next 
 week has arranged for his coming to Chateaubriand, the Constable's 
 own house and seigniory, and has left this morning to prepare for his 
 reception there ; whither, the King, who arrived here on Wednesday, 
 goes to-morrow. Desires to be informed of the number and qualities 
 of his suite, concerning which the harbingers inquire daily. His 
 Lordship's lodging was appointed in this town with the rest of his 
 train to the number of 1 00 beds. The Constable being desirous to 
 feast M. St. Andr^ at Chateaubriand before his departure for 
 England, hopes it may be agreeable to his Lordship. Touching the 
 conduct of Senarpont on the frontiers, the Constable has therein 
 written out of hand, seeming not well contented with the matter. 
 M. de Chastillon goes in post to Picardy with 10 or 12 experienced 
 captains to set an order upon the frontiers, and would have gone 
 sooner but for his desire to see the Marquis here. Thinks the cause 
 of his going is the coming of the Emperor to the Low Countries. 
 Horatio Farnese has been, contrary to his expectation, very well 
 received by the Duke of Florence, and after good and friendly 
 handling by the said Duke is departed safely and freely. [Two 
 pages. Copy in Sir J. Masone's Ldtn'-Book.] 
 
 June 4. .'ifiS. The Marquis of Northampton to Sir John Masone. M. de 
 ram. Mandos,s() has informed him that, because of the preparations for his 
 reception, the; French King wills that in nowise sliould he arrive at 
 Nantes before the 15th Inst. This he regrets, and writes to let 
 MasoiK! understand the oiuiso of his training upon the way. To- 
 morrow he intends to leave this, and to be at Orleans by Sunday 
 night at the farthest. [Half a page. Copy in Sir J. Mascm's 
 Letter'Book] 
 
EDWARD VI. 119 
 
 1551. 
 
 June 6. 369. Henry II., King of France, to King Edward VI. Informing 
 Plessis Mace, his Majesty of his electioix into the Order of St. Michael. [Broad- 
 side. Countersigned by De I'Aubespine. French.'] 
 
 June 6. 370. Francis Peyto to the Earl of Warwick, With his last of the 
 Florence. 23d May, had sent to his Lordship the plot of Dragut's escape, and 
 divers occurrents of these parts. Since then nothing is heard but the 
 daily increasement of Parma's matters. Don Ferrante Gonzaga is 
 ordered to Castello Guelfo, eight miles from, the city, there to attend 
 and waste the country. The Pope wages many soldiers and com- 
 mands them all to Bologna. The Duke here gave licence for 3,000 
 of his subjects, who have already departed, audit is said he will 
 forthwith despatch 2,000 foot and 200 horse under the conduct of 
 Signer Radulpho Baglione, one of his chiefest captains. No man 
 passes through his dominions unsearched of letters and whither he 
 repairs. He is a Prince who wisely governs himself in all occasions. 
 Good store of ammunition is sent to Bologna. Hard shift has been 
 made of the Pope to have money ; besides good surety, he gives two 
 per cent, and so he takes one half-year at this interest ; nevertheless 
 he should be but simple furnished, were not the Emperor more 
 his aid. Yesterday arrived some Frenchmen from Eome, who say 
 that M. de Thermes looks for his licence daily, and goes to Parma, 
 and Cardinal Toumon to Venice. The French in Rome are but 
 homely welcome. Dondego [Don Diego], the Emperor's Ambassador, 
 singularly serves his master with the Pope. M. de Monluc, who is 
 sent to the Pope from the French King, passed this way two days 
 ago. The Spanish Prince is daily expected in Italy, and to embark 
 at Lerizzi [Lerice], not trusting to come to Genoa for the business 
 that has been lately in these parts. A plot to give the town into the 
 Emperor's hands had been discovered there, and Spinola, one of the 
 chief actorstherein, taken and imprisoned. It is reported that Dragut 
 has taken two galleys off Sicily, and that for fear of the Turk's navy 
 many soldiers are sent to the river of Apulia. Sends herewith the 
 news from Rome, whereby his Lordship will see whether they be 
 truly advertised. If Stafford comes this way his Lordship shall 
 have knowledge. Returns thanks for his reward, the receipt of 
 which he had acknowledged in his last letter. [One page a/nd a 
 half.'] Annexed, 
 
 370. I. " From Home of the 23d of May." Latest news from 
 Flanders bear that betwixt the noblemen of the realm (of 
 England) is like to be great sedition, especially in the 
 north, by reason of changes among the wardens ; that 
 the Marquis of Dorset with a great company is sent 
 thitherward, and to be i/m/mediately followed by the Earl 
 of "Warwick with all his power. The Earl of Shrewsbury 
 is put out of his office ; and the Earl of Derby commanded 
 to renounce his title of the Isle of Man to the King, which 
 he has plainly denied, and prepares himself. All men 
 out of wages are taken up, but whereunto it is not known. 
 500 or 600 men waited on the Mayor and Aldermen of 
 London, complaining of the late influx of strangers, and 
 that by reason of the great dearth theg cannot live for these 
 
120 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 strangers, whom they were determined to kill up through 
 the realm, if they found no remedy. To pacify them the 
 Mayor and Aldermen caused cm esteame to hi made of 
 all strangers in London, which showed an am/ourd of 
 40,000, besides women and child/ren, for the most part 
 heretics fled out of other countries. DetaAls of precau- 
 tionary and restrictive orders issued by the municipal 
 authorities accordingly. The wa/r proceeds against Ire- 
 land. The Scots molest England on the noitfi. A ship 
 laden by the English at Antwerp with harness, weapons, 
 and much gold, had been arrested for the Emperor : they 
 are likely to lose all and many of their men be imprisoned. 
 They play bankrupt many of them in Flcmders. There is 
 chopping and changing of them of the Council. The 
 gentry are obliged to fortify themselves in their houses, 
 except those xvho are obliged to go to the wars, and the com- 
 mon people die for hunger. The Em,peror has sent to the 
 King and Council that he would have his nephew (sic) 
 Lady Mary to marry with the King of Polonia, whose 
 wife died lately : the answer thereto not yet known. The 
 French take their time, but as yet they keep peace n-ith 
 them. There be of their knot Lord Shrewsbury, Lord 
 Dacre, the Constables, Mr. Bowes, knight, and all tiieir 
 retinue, and the Earl of Derby. The end of this heavy 
 tragedy of that realm, with the ruin of the King, will he 
 shortly seen, as it was never other like with this Govem- 
 tnent. Morysine has left the Emperor's Court with great 
 rebuke and sAamc, and is replaced by Dr. Wotton. As 
 they fear sore the Emperor in this travail vjithin the 
 realm it is thought they will consent to the sendimg of the 
 Lady Mary. The fourth of September shall he tht first 
 sitting of the Council. 
 
 370. II. " In letters of the 29th of May." News concerning Parma 
 are clean contrary to what he formerly wrote. The Pope 
 and French King are at utter defiance. Don Ferrante 
 Gonzaga has already wasted Campania with 800 horse 
 and 6,000 foot. The Emperor has lent the Pope 3,000,000 
 crowns, and says he shall lack neither men nor money to 
 defend the Church. The Pope is mai'vellously offended 
 tvith the message brought by his nephew Si^g. Ascanio 
 delta Corniafrom the French King, that he swears he luill 
 lay his triple crown with all the rent to phdge,but he will 
 have Parma. Imminent (hoigcr of great vurs. The 
 Emperor and his son the King of S}xiin i-eportedto he 
 very nick. Nnr.'^ front France of theevtbassy formarrixtge 
 of the King of England with the French King's daughter, 
 anil of the e.vchani/i: of the Orders of the Garter and 
 St. Michael. If the inarriage goes forward, it is thought 
 llie l^opa will ercomiannicate both. Two days ago here 
 was taken and put in prison Stg. Aurclio Fregoso, a 
 Genoese, a great caj>t((in of the French party, who came 
 2>rivily from Duke Octavio. 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 121 
 
 1551. 
 
 June 6, 
 Angers. 
 
 Eoddie. 
 
 June 6. 
 
 Angers. 
 
 June 7. 
 Orleans. 
 
 Note on back : " Mr.Thomas Stafford, my Lord's v£phew, 
 wiU pass hy you shortly, and perchance move you for a 
 certain Fartito, wherein take heed what you do, nor in 
 nowise disclose to him of the matter I wrote you of the 
 hospital. And as for all other things you muy talk at 
 large, he hath good fcuncy towards you,." {Three pages."] 
 
 371. Sir John Masone to the Council. In consequence of the 
 receipt of their letter of the 25th May, he had a conference with the 
 Constable relative to the conduct of Senarpont at Sandingfeld, and 
 was assured by him that the King had so written his mind to the 
 former that they should hear no more of it, and that the ground had 
 not been given to Senarpont, or was by any means so meant. 
 M. de Chastillon moreover was shortly to go to these frontiers, and 
 if he found anything there out of square, should have commission to 
 see a full redress therein. This evening M. de Chastillon came to 
 him on part of the King to notify the election of King Edward into 
 the Order of St. Michael on the preceding day, and that M. de 
 St. Andr^ was to repair forthwith to England for the purpose of 
 investing his Majesty. Chastillon goes to Picardy shortly. The 
 affair of Parma still hangs upon the answer looked for from the 
 Bishop of Rome ; but it is thought the end thereof shall not be so 
 unquiet as it was feared. The Scottish Queen makes as though she 
 would gladly be in Scotland, but he believes she will make no such 
 haste, being desirous of bringing all the forts in Scotland into the 
 hands of the French, which as yet has not been obtained, and were 
 the Scottish noblemen at home again, she knows there would be no 
 possibility in the matter. The Scot that should have poisoned the 
 (young) Scottish Queen arrived here yesterday. The King left for 
 Chateaubriand to-day. About Thursday or Friday next the Marquis 
 of Northampton will be at Nantes, and if no alteration is made in 
 the plan wiU come from thence to Chateaubriand. By this time he 
 is probably within a day's journey from Orleans. {Four images. 
 Indorsed hy Cecil.] 
 
 Copy of the preceding in Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book. {Three 
 pages.] 
 
 372. Same to the Marquis of Northampton. On the evening 
 of Thursday last, the King, their master, was elected into the Order 
 of St. Michael. M. de Chastillon, who officially communicated 
 the fact, informed him that such election had been for some time 
 contemplated, but deferred till a suitable number of Knights could 
 be assembled. The King left this day, and on the morrow or Sund.ay 
 he intends to follow his Majesty, and to leave Chateaubriand for 
 Nantes when he thinks his Lordship shall have arrived there. {Half 
 a page. Copy in Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book.] 
 
 373. The Marquis of Northampton to the Council. Communicates 
 to them the receipt of the preceding letter from Sir John Masone, 
 and recapitulates its contents, with his reply thereto. He has been 
 wonderfully well entertained all the way, and specially in this city 
 of Orleans, where he has divers boats ready prepared and trained 
 for him and his company to pass down the Loire. {Three pages. 
 Indorsed hy Cecil.] 
 
122 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 June 7. 
 Brussels. 
 
 June 8. 
 
 Orleann. 
 
 374. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to the Council. Has received their 
 letter of tlie 26tli ult. Knows not what to make of the talk of the 
 King's marriage, considiaing his right and title to the daughter of 
 Scotlan'l and that roalm. The Ffench Ambassador once spoke to him 
 on the subject, wishing that it sliould be, as a means of uniting the two 
 Kings in straiter amity, although generally it was not much liked. 
 Aotivi' j)reparations for war go on here. At present only four ships 
 are being ri,!.,'geil in Zealand, the least of 250 tons, but many more 
 are pressed for service when required, and some say that D'Aremberg 
 has engaged men in Friesland to man them. Twelve ships are 
 reported as being built in Holland. In Antwerp there is a rumour 
 of a strict alliance liaving been concluded between the Kings of 
 England, France, and Denmark. Notices the position of Gonzaga in 
 Italy, and the great and unexampled provision of culinary utensils, 
 among other warlike munitions, at Mechlin. The Bishop of Rome 
 had assigned as a reason for letting Parma slip into the French King's 
 hands, that he had no money wherewith to make war. The outlying 
 population on the frontiers towards France begin to remove them- 
 selves and chattels into the towns and fortified places. Twenty or 
 twenty-five Anabaptists have been captured in a wood near Ghent ; 
 but for the strict laws here, the country would be much troubled 
 with such. Fears too many of them run into England, and thanks 
 God that the Council have taken good order in respect of them, 
 seeing that people say England is at this day the harbour for all 
 infidelity. Efiects of calling down the money of England upon the 
 Exchange and trading operations. It is said that the Emperor's 
 departure from Augsburg is retarded until the 1 2th curt. 
 
 P.S. Skyperius, who is lame and scarcely able to move on two 
 crutches, was sent to Zealand three days ago in great haste. 
 Men are being pressed at Bois-le-Duc. Trusts Skyperius has not 
 the like voyage to England that he had a year ago, and wishes him 
 in such a case to speed no better than he did then. During the last 
 fortnight there have been every second day terrible tempests, which 
 have wrought great devastation. Last Friday the Queen took 
 refuge in a cloister, and on Saturday an express arrived from the 
 Emperor, whose letters were immediately forwarded to her 
 Majesty. On receiving them she retired to her chamber, and no 
 news can be had at the post's hands. She has since returned, and 
 has gone to Tournehatlt for five or six da)-^, to see the effects of the 
 storm there, which are reported to be wonderful [EigJU pages 
 and a half; partly in cipher, licciphcrcd. Prinied by Tytler, 
 Vol. i., ;). 375.J 
 
 ST'i. Tlio Marquis of Northampton to Sir John Masone. Thanks 
 him for hi.s letters of the Itli and Gth inst., luid proposes that 
 instead of Mosono going to Nanti-a, tUvy shall meet at his last 
 loading between this and Nn.ntos, called Engrand, where he intends to 
 bo on Sunday or Monday niijlit at farthest, considering that coming 
 down the water they shall be in more quiet and have better time 
 for confc'ronce. Refers to the discretion of Masone his reply to the 
 (Constable's wish for Marshal St. Andrd's tarrying, but he should 
 bo reminded of the mutual understanding that there was to be no 
 
EDWARD VI. 123 
 
 1551. 
 
 delays in the reciprocal departure of the Ambassadors. Sends list 
 of those who compose the embassy with the number of their 
 servants, as follows : — 
 
 Marquis of Northampton, with 62 servants. 
 
 The Bishop of Ely 
 
 )) 
 
 21 
 
 Sir Philip Hoby 
 
 J) 
 
 30 
 
 Sir William Pickering 
 
 )f 
 
 30 
 
 Sir Thomas Smith 
 
 >) 
 
 7 
 
 Dr. Oliver 
 
 )t 
 
 4 
 
 William Thomas, Secretary 
 
 
 2 
 
 The Earl of Worcester 
 
 J) 
 
 8 
 
 The Ewrl of Rutland 
 
 J) 
 
 9 
 
 The Earl of Ormond 
 
 J, 
 
 3 
 
 Lord Fitzwalter 
 
 
 4 
 
 Lord Lisle 
 
 
 8 
 
 Lord Abergavenny 
 
 )» 
 
 7 
 
 Lord Braye 
 
 jj 
 
 8 
 
 Lord Rivers 
 
 j> 
 
 4 
 
 Mr. Throgmorton 
 
 )f 
 
 4 
 
 Mr. Sydney 
 
 It 
 
 4 
 
 Sir William Cobham 
 
 y) 
 
 2 
 
 Sir Joseph Cutts 
 
 y) 
 
 2 
 
 Sir John Perrott 
 
 ,, 
 
 4 
 
 Sir Anthony Guidotti 
 
 )) 
 
 3 
 
 Sir Gilbert Dethick, Gar- 
 
 
 
 ter King of Arms 
 
 J> 
 
 4 
 
 Mr. EitzwiUiams 
 
 3) 
 
 3 
 
 Mr. Gary 
 
 it 
 
 4 
 
 Mr. KnoUes 
 
 tt 
 
 1 
 
 Mr. Edmund Vemay 
 
 » 
 
 2 
 
 Mr. Francis Vernay 
 
 )J 
 
 2 
 
 Mr. Young , 
 
 ti- 
 
 4 
 
 Mr. Nicholas Alexander 
 
 lt 
 
 2 
 
 Chester Herald at Arms, 
 
 
 
 [William Flower] 
 
 )t 
 
 
 
 Rouge Dragon poursuivant 
 
 
 
 [Martin Maroffe] 
 
 tt 
 
 1 
 
 Lucas Fringer 
 
 tt 
 
 1 
 
 [Two pages and a half. Copy in Sir J. Masone'a Letter-Book.] 
 
 June 9. 376. Sir Richard Morysine to Cecil. Where little matter is to 
 Augsburg, write of, and plenty of good will able to pick such a somewhat out 
 of nothing, he must acknowledge Love's labour, and give him and 
 Cecil hearty thanks for both their pains, blaming yet Love, as he 
 may and dare, for changing the latter's style. Did like much better 
 Cecil's needful admonitions, than he can brook undeserved praises ; 
 sorry that the sour Chancellor is not where he might continue his 
 office. But he is now angry with them both ; with Cecil, for giving 
 Morysine occasion, by not chiding of him, to think that while he was 
 in office more came from his crabbed and froward nature than from 
 Cecil's mild and friendly advices. " And he is angry with me that I 
 wish him where he might be a Momus to Morysine's "doings ; for so 
 might I at the last do my best to content whom I ^nnot please." 
 
124 FOREIGN PAPEES. 
 
 1551. 
 
 Shall he think his doings well taken, when they that see him go 
 barefoot will stick with him for a little leather ? Does not see what 
 slander it is to his Majesty to bestow a licence of leather upon his 
 own service, upon one that doth not ask it but so that he may other- 
 M'ise bo able to do that he cannot leave undone. No ; he doe^ think it a 
 more slander that lousy beggary should tims liang upon his Majesty's 
 Ambassador, and none to put her off, none to drive her out of sight 
 for a season. She for lack of leather, treadetli upon tenderer places 
 than upon his bare heels. He bears all, and would do, but that 
 shame is got up upon his burden, and maketh his pack too heavy. 
 He can better lack leather, whatsoever his necessities are or shall be, 
 than he can allow slander for a good excuse. He would say they 
 did him hurt that set him upon so endless a suit, but that tliey 
 meant him good and are soiTy he cannot come by it. To what 
 purpose so many thanks for his diligent advertisements, and not to 
 allow him any leather to lay them up in? Thanks come in good 
 array, when they come half in words and half in deeda If there 
 were not covenants of duty that lace him straiter than leather is 
 able, he would give up his lease of waiting where he does, and not 
 become farmer to so many sorrows for ten times so many dickers. 
 His friends would have him sue for 4,000 French crowns in prest. 
 He would rather pay those he owes than fall to borrowing of more, 
 and means to know what he may speed in, ere he ventures any new 
 way, the old being so hard to digest. Beggary may be better borne 
 than can despair of help. Prays Cecil to help that he may have his 
 diets paid in French crowns after a reasonable value; or if he 
 caimot, changes the suit, and prays him let it alone. Hopes shortly 
 to come home, and then he is sure lands sold will salve harms past ; 
 and mice that eat in corners may be sufficed with a few scraps. His 
 wife would fain bestow lier ladyship upon some lusty squire's wife, 
 thinking it were as good reason she should be a lady and her 
 husband a squire, as Morysine a Knight and his wife no lady. They 
 say the Emperor will have the inquisition to be in his Court, and 
 that order was yesterday f aken that men should order themselves after 
 the Interim, and none so hardy. The Court is not now great, and 
 either they that be in it need to be overlooked or no. If they need 
 it not, then have they a wrong to be suspected ; and if they be 
 entered, and have after the sour of the one tasted the sweet of the 
 other, commandment will serve but as it can. " My wife hath her 
 commended most heartily to you and to my lady, your bed-fejlow, 
 that should or would write, you said, but hitherto ?w gi'y. I pray 
 you let her send me word my leather is granted, and then Greek, 
 English, or Latin, so they come leathered, will come, I can tell you, 
 and so can you tell her, very gi-ateful.' {Three pages,'] Annexed, 
 
 370. I. List of "mm in a vfailiiiri^n to defend the sea coasts agaivst 
 the Tiirk'n v<ii>i/." The )unncs of officers uyith number of 
 men under their command, and where stationed ; thewhoh 
 force amouiiflng to " Soldati, 10,500 ; Lanci, 1,300." 
 
 June 9. 377. Sir Richard Morysine to the Council. Their letters of the 
 
 AugBburg. 21.th May to Dr. Wotton and him arrived on the 6th inst. Wot- 
 
 ton as yet is neither come, nor any man or letter sent before him. 
 
EDWARD VI. 126 
 
 1551. 
 
 Being uncertain, when he will come, but supposing something might 
 be required to be doi»e in his absence, has opened the letter directed 
 to both of them, but finds he can do nothing till Wotton's arrival. 
 His knowledge of its contents, however, will enable him the better 
 to act when talked to regarding the amity between France and 
 England. Instances various reasonings wliich he has already made 
 use of in reference to this amity, the exchange of the orders and 
 intended marriage. Alludes to their jealousy. " Certainly, if they 
 measure our love by their own, it will be hard for me to put into 
 their heads that our good will ueedeth no reparations, when theirs 
 being utterly decayed may better pray an allowance in a corner, 
 than challenge it where the auditor sitteth in open court." Letters 
 from Italy of 29th ult. that the Bishop's 500 horse and 8,000 foot 
 were to join on the 6th inst. with 6,000 foot and 1,000 horse, that 
 Ferrante Gonzaga, or his deputy the Marquis Marignano, brings 
 against Pai-ma. It is thought they have already gone about to 
 destroy the corn : if so, some shall be heard of shortly, that might 
 have fought less for corn, seeing they shall need no more bread. The 
 Baron of Sezen and Count of Nuee [Nuys], the one an Almaine, the 
 other an Italian, are here, ordered by the Emperor to take mp 6,000 
 Almaines, some think to be sent to Parma, others to go to Spires 
 with the Emperor, and so to Flanders, thereafter to France, where 
 other troops now in preparation can join them. The French in 
 Mirandola makes frequent predatious sallies into the ports of 
 Bologna. The Duke of Ferrara fortifies Reggio, and has 4,000 men 
 in arms. The Duke of Florence has -also many soldiers. The Swiss 
 held a diet, supposed to have been convened by France. It is 
 reported that at Genoa has been discovered a foul practice by some 
 of the inhabitants to spoil Prince Doria of his galleys, take the town 
 by treason, and give them both to the Prince of Spain at his coming 
 thither. One P. Lazagna is said to be already beheaded. Bernardo 
 Spinola, P. Spinola, and Scipione Flesco are in prison and likely to 
 suffer, because Bernabo Adorni, by force of torture, has disclosed all. 
 Comments thereon as to presumed complicity of the Emperor and 
 probable effect upon Doria's conduct if the details come to his 
 knowledge. For a good while the Spaniards have used much evil 
 talk against Doria, for spending so much time and doing so little 
 harm to Dragut Rey, even charging him with intent, by his long 
 tarrying abroad, to deceive the Prince of his return, leaving too 
 little time for him safely to enter into the seas. If Doria be as 
 testy as he has been, and can as well upon great causes leave the 
 Emperor as he can upon light occasions forsake the French King, 
 revolting at this present from whence he fled, he might easily annoy 
 whom he has well served, and largely make France amends for all 
 faults. M. Brissac, lieutenant in Piedmont for the French King, 
 wrote that some of the imprisoned in Genoa have confessed that 
 they meant to kill Doria. If these news be well conveyed to him 
 Doria perhaps may seek to serve a new master. Speculations as to 
 the consequences of Spain being invaded by the Turk and French 
 King simultaneously ,by sea and land. The fleet of the former has 
 been seen not far from Candia. The Prince only left Trent yester- 
 day, the Cardinal thereof having made him great cheer, and so caused 
 him to lose a day or two there more than. he thought ; wherefore it 
 
126 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1651. ~ 
 
 is doubtful, whether under the most favourable circumstances, by 
 making no more haste than he has done, he shall have time to get 
 out of the Turk's way. The Assembly at Trent seems rather a 
 privy conspiracy of a few in a corner, than anything like a General 
 Council. There whisper together a few Bishops with a few Spanish 
 friars, devising how they, when time cometh, may [lie] a good and 
 blush but a little. It is said in this Court that a Scot made offer to 
 their Lordships to poison the young Scottish Queen, and that they 
 forthwith sent the French King word thereof ; whereupon the man 
 is committed to prison, and the young lady is out of danger. Com- 
 mends them for this their noble fact, as teaching the King in these 
 his young years to abhor foul practices. On Saturday last the 
 Emperor returned here, very well able to abide riding, and will, as 
 some say, shortly go to Flanders, though others hold no farther than 
 Spires. Secretary Gerardo hath been sent for from Brussels, some 
 think to go on a third message to the Turk, from whom the Em- 
 peror had a letter on Sunday. This he has only heard, and cannot 
 speak with certainty, still less know its contents. It is reported 
 that Count Landi, one of the three who killed Piero Luice, upon 
 warning given him by Ferrante Gonzaga, has killed 300 or 400 
 Italians that were going to Parma by the mountains of Genoa, and 
 taken their captain, who with torment has confessed as much as he 
 can. His confessions have come to Mons. D'Arras. Letters state 
 that Magdeburg has recently given a lusty overthrow to Duke 
 Maurice, whose soldiers taking to scaling, were many of them slain 
 when they had nearly got up, by those within letting fall large pieces 
 of timber upon them. The Duke has sent a phi of Magdeburg 
 to the Emperor, with a letter declaring that unless he has more 
 men and money, he shall lose men and spend money with small 
 damage or fear to the town. This talk of money may perhaps cause 
 their Lordships to think that he must also put his soldiers away, if 
 some help be not granted to him the sooner. To their goodness 
 and wisdom need's talk may suffice, and so he may hold his peace, 
 only beseeching them, till they may think some better thing not evil 
 bestowed upon him, that he may now have his diets in French 
 crowns at some convenient rate. \Six pcuges^ 
 
 June 10. 378. The Council to Peter Vannes. Commend him for his dili- 
 gence. In his learning his Majesty excels, and in other feats of 
 manhood and arms, as in shooting, riding, running all manner of 
 ways with his horse and armour, his Majesty daily shows himself 
 to the world the towardest Prince that evei- England had to be her 
 King. The estate of the realm is in good ease and quiet. The 
 Commissioners on the frontiers of Scotland have concluded a peace 
 with the Scots. Ireland grows towai'ds good policy : at this pre- 
 sent divers goodly havens are possessed quietly iind fortified for the 
 King's Majesty. The now deputy, Sir James Crofts, is in the i-emote 
 parts, beginning to set justice and law in good hand where they 
 were unknown. The baae mom^y has been called down, and com- 
 mercial exchange reformed. Divers Englishmen are travelling in 
 Italy, some for learning, some otherwise; amongst these is one 
 Dudgeon, a prebendary of Wells, at study either in Padua or some 
 other university, who nJso haa become a doctor in divinity there. 
 Desire to ascertain the truth thereof, as they know that whoever 
 
EDWARD VI. 127 
 
 1551. 
 
 takes such degree in that country maketh his oath to the Bishop of 
 Rome. Direct him to make secret inquisition as to this, so that the 
 person may not be aware, and to inform them in his next letter, 
 Approve of his accompanying the other Ambassadors to public 
 assemblies. [Three pages. Draft. By Valines' letter of 13th July, 
 it appears to have been dispatched on the 16th June.'\ 
 June 11. 379. Peter Vannes to the Council. The preparations for kindling 
 Venice. of war between the Emperor and the French King daily continues, 
 and the assembly on both sides increases more and more, although as 
 yet they be not come into plain field and to hand-strokes. The 
 Bishop of Rome is the cause thereof, being so stirred partly by the 
 Emperor and partly by his own lust, having a desire to edify the 
 Church of God upon his own blood and kinsmen. Duke Octavio 
 has in Parma 5,500 men, and Pietro Strozzi has at Mirandola about 
 4,000, all well chosen, and goes about between him and Duke Octavio 
 to increase it unto the number of 10,000, if need be, for the defence 
 of Parma. The Bishop of Rome full godly makes his army at 
 Bologna. His vacillating conduct. Aurelio Fregoso, a captain of 
 the French King, recruiting men for Duke Octavio, being taken 
 prisoner by the Papists, and by the Bishop of Rome's commandment 
 brought to Ravenna ; Mons. de Thermes, Cardinal Tournon, and the 
 Cardinal of Ferrara interceded for his liberation, but were denied 
 with many high words. It is said tiiat Fregoso has escaped out of 
 the said Bishop's hands, sore against his will. The Prince of Spain 
 is shortly expected in Italy, and as men say comes armed. The 
 inci'edible rumour of a practice against Andrew Doria still prevails. 
 Letters to the Seigniory from Constantinople of the 6th ult. mention 
 that the Turk's fleet will sail about the 21st curt. ; in each of the 
 galleys, beside rowers, are 80 soldiers. The Venetian Ambassador 
 lately sent to the Turk had been very well received, with strongest 
 assurances of friendship ; nevertheless the Venetians prepare .some 
 additional galleys — seven in Dalmatia and three here, and have 
 resolved to have 20 more in readiness. For these they have ap- 
 pointed 20 captains, among whom is Cavalier Bernardo. Letters 
 from Rome of the 6th state that on the same day M. de Thermes left 
 that city for Parma, having the Bishop of Rome's safe conduct, and 
 on his departing openly said that if the Bishop should take the duke- 
 dom of Castro from Duke Horatio, the French King would take away 
 his jurisdiction in Avignon ; and if he should deprive the Cardinal 
 Famese and other friends of their revenues, perhaps his Majesty 
 Avould forsake obedience to the Church of Rome, and govern his 
 Church of France by some other ways as should be thought con- 
 venient. This, however, is not thought to be very probable. Advices 
 from Bologna of the 8th inst. inclosed, show that the Bishop of. 
 Rome's army assembled there on the 10 th to begin its march towards 
 Parma with 13 pieces of artillery and 1,000 pioneers. The Duke of 
 Florence had sent to the Pope's army a layge supply of powder and 
 shot. Large quantities of grain and provisions have been taken into 
 Parma. [Four pages.] Annexed, 
 
 379 I. Letter from Rome and advices from Bologna referred to. 
 [Italian. Five pages.] 
 
128 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1561. 
 
 June 11. 380. Sir John Masone to the Council. Marshal St. Andr^ left 
 Chateaubriand. ti,is day, with a very gi-eat train, amounting to between 400 and 
 500 horses ; the whole of these, however, he does not intend to croas 
 the seas, but the substance of them he will leave about Bologna till 
 his return. They who accompany him to England are many and of 
 right good sort. Incloses a schedule of the chief of them (miadng, 
 hut the immes supplied below from the copy in Maaone's Letter- 
 Book), who are men of very great livings and of no mean estimation 
 in this Coui-t. He " canieth with him divers kinds of instruments, 
 and men skilful in the handling of them ; he hath also with bim the 
 best musicians that appertain unto this King." The Marquis of 
 Northampton's journey has been " slowed " by the King's appoint- 
 ment somewhat longer than his Lordship would have wished ; either 
 on account of some ceremony in preparation for Ixis reception, or 
 because Marshal St. Andrd could not be got ready sooner. Touching 
 Parma, matters, instead of mending, seem to grow from ill to worse. 
 When Sig. Ascanio was in France the King seemed to accept his 
 proposals that Parma should return again to the see of Rome, and 
 that as recompence Duke Octavio should have the duchy of Camayne 
 [Camerino] and 10,000 crowns per ann. in lands pertaining to the 
 dhurch as they call it, and be captain-general of the said Church. 
 To this, it is said, Duke Octavio is now not inclined, and therefore 
 that the Bishop of Rome has levied between 7,000 and 8,000 foot 
 wherewith to waste the country about Parma. On hearing this the 
 French King intended to send troops from Piedmont to Mirandola, 
 with other forces to be levied there, for the purpose of resisting the 
 Bishop's enterprise ; but these men are stayed by the way in the 
 straits, and driven back with some abatement of their company. 
 Upon these tidings the King has despatched Monluc to Rome with 
 instructions to his Ambassadors there, the Cardinals of Ferrara and 
 Tournon, and Mons. de Thermes, to i-equire the Bishop to desist from 
 his attempts ; and, in the event of his refusal, to declare war against 
 him and his allies, and thereafter to retire, — the Cardinal of Ferrara 
 to Ferrara, the Cardinal of Tournon to Venice, and M. de Thermes to 
 Venice. Under the pretext of fortifying Sienna, the Emperor has 
 sent thither 130,000 crowns, of which it is said here that 50,000 go 
 to the said Bishop. M. de Chastillon is to receive the Maixjuis of 
 Northampton at Nantes and conduct him to Chateaubriand ; there- 
 after he wiU proceed to Picardy as General during the absence of 
 M. de Vendflme, who is at present with his fiither-in law in Berne 
 The blind Scot that nameth himself Bisliop of Armadian is departed 
 with his desi)atcli to Ireland : " Would to God my Loi"d-deputy 
 niij,'lit by Hdine mean give him sonio honest woleome into the 
 country !" To-morrow leaves to meet the Marquis of Northampton 
 in his way to Nantes. 
 
 V.H. Nantes, 17th Juno, lias met the Mai-quis here. News have 
 ariivod that tlio Bishop of Roino'a army is in the field and marching 
 iciwanlH the wasting of Parma. The trains of the Prince of Spain 
 and the Kiii;^ of Bulii'niia have safe cunduct to [lahs through Fi-ance 
 to Siiain. \_Th)rc patjea, Jiulorsid by Cecil.] 
 
EDWARD VL 129 
 
 1551. 
 
 " The names of the French gentlemen" inclosed in the preceding 
 letter : — 
 
 " Mons. de Gye. 
 Le Comte de la Rochefoucault et sop frfere. 
 Mons. d'Acon. 
 „ de Jarnacq. 
 „ de Vieilleville. 
 „ de Beaudolphin. 
 „ d'Alegre. 
 Le Comte de Montgomery 
 
 „ de Creance. 
 Mons. de Clerevaulx. 
 M. de la Rone. 
 M. de Stevailles. 
 M. de Seneterre. 
 M. de la Salle. 
 
 L'Evesque de Perigeux, son frfere. 
 Mons. de Morveiller. 
 
 s Bourdiu, Sdcr^taire du Roy." 
 Eod. die. Copy of the preceding in Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book, without 
 the postscript. [Three pages^ 
 
 June 16. 381. The Council to the Marquis of Northampton. Had received 
 his letter of the 6th. On Sunday last the French Ambassador 
 notified to his Majesty his election into the Order of St. Michael, and 
 yesterday requested audience again that he might receive an official 
 acceptation thereof in order to certify the King his master of the 
 same ; wherein, as they can conjecture, he is a very precise and 
 circumspect man, intending to write even the same words that he 
 should receive. Desire him to explain to the French King the high 
 gratification of then- master, which was perhaps not so apparent to 
 the Ambassador. " The King's Majesty's young nature being of 
 such modesty that in his most gladness hath not much outward show 
 thereof, and besides that his Majesty's French speech being not 
 natural to him, cannot so abundantly express the joy of his heart as 
 if he should have answered in his natural speech as the French King 
 did in his." Are informed that the English Commissioners and the 
 Scots have agreed upon a treaty, the particulars of which in writing 
 they expect to receive by Sir Thomas Chaloner in four days, and 
 request him to notify this to the French King. [Three pages. 
 Draft.] 
 
 June 16, 382. The Marquis of Northampton to the Council. When he 
 Nantes. readied Blois, Mandosse invited him to visit the King's children, 
 then in the castle. Next morning, horses being sent for him and 
 his company, they rode to the castle, where they were received by 
 the Governor with great ceremony, and being brought to the 
 Dauphin's presence, were embraced of him, the Duke of Orleans, and, 
 the two young ladies, their sisters, as amiably as could be imagined. 
 On Saturday night he lodged at Saumur, and after supper was 
 visited by Marshal St. Andr^, who told him that he intended to be 
 at Boulogne about the end of the month, whence he would proceed 
 by sea direct to London, minding to return by land to Dover and 
 
 I •»- 
 
130 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1561. 
 
 thence to Calais. The Marshal again called next morning before 
 starting : he takes with him a train of 700 horse at the least The 
 same day a " fond part happened in Saumur. A lewd priest had 
 been with his pix to minister after their manner to some sick per- 
 son ;" and passing by the lodgings of the Marquis, the most of whose 
 company were in the streets, and " seeing that none of them would 
 stoop to his idol, he fell in such a rage as were too long to rehearse." 
 This had been evil taken by the authorities, who committed the 
 priest to ward, and sent to apologise for "the priest's lewdness, 
 whom they would see punished as his folly deserved." He thanked 
 them, and interceded for the i)riest, desiring no man's hurt, the 
 rather that the fault had been found by themselves, no complaint 
 having been made on the part of the English. He arrived here 
 ye.sterday, and was welcomed with a solemn peal of gunshot out of 
 the castle. On his landing the President, Provost, and chief men 
 of the town met him and welcomed him with an oration. Was 
 attended to his lodging by the lieutenant of the castle with the guard, 
 and immediately thereafter M. de Chastillon also arrived, and, 
 booted and spurred, visited him with many congratulations, telling 
 him that the King would be glad to see him at Chateaubriand next 
 Friday. Believes that next Sunday the King determines to receive 
 the Order. Requests that if Sir William Pickering's credentials and 
 instructions have not been despatched, they may be forwarded in 
 time ; and that they will send back Francis the bearer immediately, 
 as he is so necessary a man for divers good services that few of his 
 sort can handle so weU as he. [Four pages and a half. Indorsed 
 by Cecil.'] 
 
 June 20. 383. Intelligence from Rome. On Sunday night Matthew della 
 Home. Porte, sent by his Holiness to Parma with a brief of peace, returned 
 with the same unperused. This highly enraged his Holiness, who 
 considered himself excessively insulted, because on Monday pre- 
 vious, the 8tli inst., Duke Octavio had written to him from Reggio, 
 being there with the Duke of Ferrara and Cardinal de Medicis, of 
 his inclination to return to obedience, giving up Parma in exchange 
 for Camerino, and submitting almost to his Holiness' pleasure. The 
 refusal of the Duke to receive the brief is by many attributed to 
 Don Diego having early intelligence of its publication and sending 
 to Don FeiTante, who by the time it airived in Parma had so em- 
 ployed his troops there as to make the Duke wish no more such 
 communications. Sig. Astor Baglione was ai-rested on Sunday, and 
 next (lay taken to a castle of Julio Duffalino ; imd on the previous 
 night i]\v. officers went to the house of the Count Pittigliano, hut 
 did not find him there. Last Monday there was a consistory. His 
 Holiness miwh! vacant the legation of Viterbo, whidi was St. Angelo's 
 and gavi! it to Carpi, who left on the following Monday to take 
 poHHession, and on the same day Sig. Rodolpho Baglione was sent 
 with 3,(){)0 foot and 'M)0 horse to take Castro, and being restored 
 in idl that Pope I'nul liail taken from him, 'bn Thursday left 
 Homo for Uio miid ontorprisc. On Wednesday there was a congrega- 
 tion of ('jirdiiialH, at which his Holiness was present, where it was 
 roHolvcd that Siff. Jidiiino Cesjirini, Sig. Alessandro Colonna, and 
 Sij,'. Oiovan. Anto, di Qravina should raise infantry and horse for de- 
 
EDWARD VI. 131 
 
 1551. 
 
 fence of the city, as -well as to patrol the coast, if necessary, in regard 
 of the Turk's fleet ; and to raise money for this and other matters 
 besides the sums payable to all the officers, to levy a fresh house- 
 tax on the city, payable by landlord and tenant, at the rate of a 
 giulio per scudo on the rental ; and the same day it seems his Holiness 
 sent his master of the household to Cardinal Farnese, wishing him 
 to give up the whole armoury, which it is said will supply more 
 than 800 men. On Thursday there was another congregation, where 
 it was resolved to send a brief to the two Cardinals Farnese exhort- 
 ing them to return to Kome. The same day his Holiness gave 
 permission to the Cardinals of Tournon and Ferrara to leave Rome, 
 but conditionally that neither the one nor the other should go beyond 
 Ferrara and Venice under pain of privation of the hat. There is 
 a probability of peace between Duke Octavio and his Holiness. 
 It is said there is to be a creation of Cardinals for the purpose of 
 raising money. [Italian. Two pages.] 
 
 June 21. 384. Peter Vannes to the Council. Letters from Rome of the 
 Venice. i4t]i cuj-t. mention that the Duke of Ferrara had been mediating 
 between the Bishop of Rome and Duke Octavio at the instance of the 
 former, and that the Duke had agreed to restore Parma on condition 
 of receiving the estate of Camerino, with 8,000 crowns per annum, 
 and the life-possession of Civitas Nova [Citt^ Nuova]. The Bishop 
 was therewith well pleased ; caused it to be propounded in the con- 
 sistory, and despatched a brief to the Duke. Cardinals Tournon and 
 Farnese refused to be present at the consistory, and M. Monluc said 
 that the Bishop of Rome and others going about this kind of peace 
 did as they that reckon beside their host. On the other hand the 
 Emperor had offered to the Bishop, that in case Parma were restored 
 to him, he would be content to deliver into his hands such part of 
 the country as at present he occupies. The news from Lombardy 
 are that Don Fernando has entered the country of Parma, de- 
 vastating the smaller towns and destroying the crops. In like 
 manner Pietro Strozzi had left Mirandola and entered the territory of 
 Bologna, spoiling the country and taking several towns and castles 
 belonging to the Bishop of Rome, the custody of some of these 
 castles being committed to Sig. Cornelio Bentivoglio. "Wherefore 
 the Bishop's army was fain to return from the attempt on Parma, 
 thinking it more expedient to defend their ovm than to off'end others. 
 It is said that at Mirandola much preparation was being made of 
 ladders, both of wood and of cord, and various kinds of vessels to 
 serve upon the Po, for what intent not known. The Emperor sends 
 into Italy 8,000 Almains and 1,000 horsemen. Letters from the 
 Duke of Ferrara to his Ambassador here of the 25th inst. mention 
 that on its march to join Don Fernando the Bishop of Rome's army 
 had encountered three companies of Duke Octavio's infantry, in 
 number 5,000 or 6,000, with some horse, going to Mirandola, and 
 being of larger force had defeated them with much slaughter on both 
 sides. The Duke's horse saved themselves towards Mirandola, and 
 the chief captains of the Bishop, sorely wounded, were conveyed to 
 Modena for recovery. On the same afternoon went towards a great 
 bridge called Lenza, whither Don Fernando had sent to meet them 
 200 light horse and 100 hagbuts mounted. Many think and wish, 
 
 1 2 
 
132 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 for the pulling down of the Bishop of Rome's ungodly proceedings, 
 tliat the I'VoTich King should shortly strengthen his army here. 
 The Vouctiaiis and other princes of Italy preserve neutrality towards 
 the ditfoiont partit'S, each looking to the conservation of his own 
 cstads. No further intelligence of the Turk's army. [Two pages.] 
 AniK'M'il, 
 
 3Sk I. The info rnvUi oil. (If tuiledin Hie preceding letter. [Italian. 
 Two 2M<Ji'-s and a half.] 
 
 June 22. 385. Intelligence from Bologna. The enemy's cavalry daily scours 
 Bologna, the country, making great booty of the cattle, besides feeding their 
 horses with the crops in the ear, and so alarming every one, that the 
 terrified husbandmen, instead of reaping and thrashing the grain, 
 take refuge in the city, with their families, chattels, and cattle, and 
 there is only wheat and meat sufficient for 1 5 days. If matters go on 
 so, they who wish to live will require to reap the com themselves with 
 arms in their hands ; and if they delay too long, what the enemy 
 threaten, that they wiU burn the whole harvest, is likely to come to 
 pass ; and it must happen if they take Crevacuore, round which are 
 encamped 2,000 of the enemy's infantry and 500 Celate, with many 
 pieces of artiller}', that maintain a constant fire on two very strong 
 towers of the castle ; these are gallantly defended by 800 infantry, 
 but who are in great want of provisions, there being only enough for 
 three days. And what is no good sign, 100 Celate ordered hither 
 by Don Ferrante at the request of Sig. Giovanni Battista in 
 defence of these places, would have wished to come within the city 
 last night, fearing some great attack by the enemy. Three days ago 
 our cavalry rescued M. Annibale Albergato, who had been captured 
 by the enemy's cavalry ; besides him there are four of them prisoners 
 in Bologna, and other three were brought in yestei'day, who were 
 deprived of their arms and horses and allowed to go firee. But this 
 is a poor set-off for the numerous cattle they have captured, and of 
 •which our horsemen have recovered very few. 
 
 P.S. Crevacuore is taken, and the enemy have already arrived at 
 San Giovanni. [Italian. Two pages.] 
 
 June 23. 386. Dr. Wotton to the Council. Arrived here on the 19th inst, 
 Augsburg, having been longer on the way, partly by reason of the great heat, 
 and partly for the words which the Queen Regent and the President 
 de Saint Maurice showed him at Brussels. For, being pereuaded that 
 the Emperor would leave Aug.sbnrg on the 2d, and that he would 
 be unable in time to meet his M.ajesty there ; and knowing that the 
 Emperor's f'asliion of okl was to gi\'o no audiences wliile travelUng, 
 but only when he rests anywliere by the ^\'ny, had thought none 
 CDuld l)(! had till he came to Worm.s, where the Queen and President 
 said he would remain some time. As it would take eight or nme 
 (liiys for tlio Court to eomo from Augsburg to Worms, no great 
 iiaste w;i,s neiu'ssmy ; but on arriving at that place, and finding no 
 likeliliood of tlio I'Imperor's coming, although he had met divers of 
 tli(i ( 'ourfc, and amongst otluMs tlio Cha])el, going down, he proceeded 
 hitlier, and on tho morrow after his arrival notified the same to 
 Mous. D'Arras, requesting audience. One had been appointed for 
 
EDWARD VI. 133 
 
 1551. 
 
 last evening, but postponed until this afternoon by reason of the 
 Emperor having received letters which required attention. As the 
 ordinary post leaves in the afternoon, he shall be unable to write 
 further, but wUl as soon as he conveniently may after he has done 
 with the Emperor. [One page and a half.] 
 
 June 23. 387. The Marquis of Northampton .and the other Ambassadors to 
 Chateaubriand, the Coimcil. Mentioning their arrival at Chateaubriand about 4 p.m. 
 last Friday, and the occurrences of that evening and three following 
 days, including the ceremonial of investiture, the entertainments, and 
 coursing. Also the conferences respecting the proposed marriage of 
 King Edward with the Queen of Scots — declined in consequence of 
 her being affianced to the Dauphin — and then with the Princess 
 Elizabeth, daughter of King Henry II. [Sixteen pages. Indorsed 
 by Oecil.'] 
 
 Eoidie. Copy of the preceding in Sir J. Masone's Letter-Book. [Ten 
 
 pages. Printed by Tytler, Vol. i., p. 385.] 
 
 Portion of a more modern copy of the preceding. [Tivo pages.] 
 
 June 24. 388. Sir Philip Hoby to Cecil. In reference to some private 
 Chateaubriand, affairs, which he requests Cecil will urge on and send the necessary 
 legal document for Masone's seal and signature. Their proceedings 
 with the French stand in good terms, and he hopes are like to 
 proceed to better. Requests to be informed of any intelligence 
 received from the Emperor's Court, as such may be of use to the 
 Ambassadors in their treating of the weighty matters whereon they 
 were engaged. [One page.] 
 
 June 26. 389. The Marquis of Northampton and the other Ambassadors to 
 Chateaubriand, the Council. On Wednesday last, after dinner, they had another 
 conference with the French Commissioners respecting the amount 
 of dowry to be settled on the Princess Elizabeth in the event of her 
 marriage with his Majesty, the particulars of which are minutely 
 detailed. After long discussion they reduced their original demand 
 of 1,500,000 crowns to 800,000 ; and the French raised their offer 
 of 100,000 to 200,000 crowns. Desire to have farther instructions, 
 and that they may be sent speedily by the bearer, William Thomas, 
 as the King leaves for Nantes on Monday next, minding to tarry on 
 the way, and there not above eight or ten days, intending to 
 conduct the Queen where she shall be brought, to bed. _ Such 
 removings greatly add to their charges, and thej' have abeady 
 troubled the country so much with the furniture of their numerous 
 horses, that if they have to wait till the King's removing from 
 Nantes, they believe it shall not be possible for them to be supplied, 
 the train of the Court being so great as it is. " Garter's reward was 
 a chain weighing 200 crowns and somewhat more, and the gown 
 which the King wore that morning, which was of damask, set with 
 agletts esteemed between 20 and 30 pounds." Have received the 
 reply of the French Commissioners in writing, and send it here- 
 with. [Six pages.] 
 
 Annexed to this letter is the reply referred to. [French. Two 
 pages. Indorsed by Cecil] 
 
134 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 Eod. die. Copy of the preceding, without the reply, in Sir John Masone's 
 
 Letter-Book. [Five pages.] 
 
 The reply entered separately thereafter. [Two pages.] 
 Extracts from the preceding letters of the 2.1d and 26th June 
 [Three pages.] 
 
 June 26. 390. The Marquis of Northampton to the Earl of Warwick. Their 
 
 Chateaubriand, proceedings stay only upon the sum of the dote, wherein they have 
 
 gone as far as their instructions lead. Requests speedy and complete 
 
 instructions. The bearer will communicate fully his private opinions 
 
 to him. [One page and a half^ 
 
 June 27. 391. Peter Vannes to the Council. After Don Fernando Gonzaga 
 Venice. tad joined the Bishop of Rome's army, he marched towards Parma 
 for the impeachment of the harvest there, and partly upon a mis- 
 taken trust of some rebellion in that city. Meanwhile Pietro Strozzi, 
 with 5,000 foot and 600 horse, daily hurts and damnifies with 
 spoiling and wasting the territory of Bologna and other possessions of 
 the Bishop of Rome. Wherefore Don Fernando had intended to go 
 towards him, but changed his mind, returning to Parma and pursu- 
 ing the like course of devastation. M. Brissac, the French King's 
 lieutenant of Piedmont, has written to Don Octavio to be of good 
 cheer, as he has ready to aid him 4,000 foot and 800 horse, and that 
 15,000 Swiss shall shortly follow ; the French King being resolved 
 to leave nothing undone that may stand for the defence of the 
 Farnese family, whom the Bishop of Rome is whoUy bent to destroy, 
 levying for that purpose both men and money. The Duke of 
 Florence has lent the said Bishop 100,000 crowns, having his assur- 
 ance upon the traffic of the alums in Italy, which remains in the 
 Bishop's hands ; and the Bishop is about to make 16 or 17 new 
 Cardinals, all to the intent he may make money that way. With 
 great difficulty he permitted Cardinals Tournon and Ferrara to leave 
 Rome, upon condition and pain of deprivation that the latter should 
 remain at Ferrara and the former here. He has also written briefe 
 commanding under pains Cardinal Farnese and his brethren to 
 return to Rome, and is oft'ended with the Duke of Urbino for 
 entertaining the said Cardinal, notwithstanding the Fameses are his 
 own brothers-in-law. Thepe proceedings are greatly misliked by the 
 Seigniory and other princes of Italy. They write from the Imperial 
 Court that the French Ambassador there, having inquired of the 
 Emperor why he made war against Duke Octavio, received for 
 answer, to assist the right of the Bishop of Borne, whom he would 
 serve and obey to the most of his power. The Ambassador rejomed, 
 that his master would not fail to do the liko for his friends. The 
 French here say that their King has been more slack in making of 
 iKH'eHsiiry provisions, trusting tliat motions of peace, as the Bishop of 
 Rome had pioinised, had been at a point. Of the Turk's fleet since 
 it sailed from Constantinople no certain news have been heard, 
 wlic.ieat thuy raucli marvel here. Many think they will land on some 
 jjiirt of the roalm of Naples. It is said the Prince of Spain will go 
 to Sjiain, and the Kiiiy of Bolieniia remain in Italy, who being so 
 git^ni a porsoiuigo i.s nothing allowed in the secret hearts of great 
 men of ihi.s uouutiy. [Two pages. Indorsed by Cecil] 
 
EDWARD VI. 135 
 
 1551. 
 June 30. 392. Sir Richard Morysine to the Council. Because Wotton 
 Augsburg, writes at large "what answer the Emperor makes to the requests 
 moved for, and has no leisure as yet to learn the news of the Court, 
 Morysine is again driven to do as well as he can, because the one 
 that can do better is, by greater afiFairs, otherwise occupied. Letters 
 from Italy confirm the skirmish for the passage, and most of them 
 agree that the slain on both sides are much fewer than were reported 
 at first to have been on the one. Matters of Parma had been nearly 
 agreed upon between the Bishop and Octavio, but Ferrante Gonzaga, 
 enemy to this atonement, while they were on the point of settlement, 
 fell to the spoiling of certain villages ; whereupon Octavio tore the 
 writing in pieces, and will hearken to no more accord. So solicitous 
 for peace is the Duke of Ferrara, that he left not to offer to OctaAdo 
 his son in hostage and his fortresses in pledge, that the Bishop, or 
 he for the Bishop, would see performed whatsoever was promised ; 
 but Octavio, now past trusting the Bishop, means to trust himself, 
 and such as he hopes will not deceive him. Ferrante has done no 
 more harm about Parma than Strozzi and Octavio have done about 
 Bologna. Ferrante is battering Colorno and Peu, two castles now 
 in the hands of Octavio. Strozzi has sacked Crevacuore, not far 
 from Bologna, and has taken Castel St. Agatha, in which he has left 
 a garrison. Horatio has taken Castel St. Giovanni, and left in it as 
 guardian Sig. Cornelio Bentivoglio. Camillo Orsino was opposed 
 to Baptista di Monte leaving Bologna without a garrison of 2,000 
 men ; but the Bishop's nephew, furious and headlong, not much 
 unlike his uncle, uses haste and heals for his councillors, and by 
 leaving Bologna thus unprovided, has put it in great hazard, if 
 BentivogKo has any friends alive that dare help him home. It were 
 not amiss that Julius III. did render by force to this man's family 
 what Julius II. took from them by violence. Speculates on certain 
 possibilities of those wars. The French say there are men in 
 readiness among the Swiss who but tarry the sound of the drum. 
 The Duke of Florence has sent Sig. Atto da Monte Aguto with 
 2,000 foot to the Bishop, and Sig. Rodolpho Baglione is coming from 
 the same Duke against Octavio with a good number of horse. The 
 Emperor has sent to Italy Baron Zesnicke with 4,000 landsknechts 
 and 600 heavy armed horse. Gentlemen of his chamber report that 
 the French Ambassador has been of late with the Emperor, who 
 used very quick language to him, saying, " Mons., in France and in 
 Almaine, I am dead once in a fortnight, or once in three weeks. 
 True it is, I am oft sick, and could many times, in my pains, be 
 content it were God's will to take me from this painful life. But 
 when my pains do cease, and I hear that in France it hath been 
 noised I was dead, or could not live, I pluck a good heart to me 
 again, and think I find no physic that doth me more good than this 
 my mind and desire to disappoint others that so fain would have 
 me gone. Mons. Ambassador, I am, as you see, alive ; and see that 
 you tell your master, if he wiU not let me alone, I am like enough 
 to live to put him to farther trouble than ever I did his father." 
 The Ambassador told "Wotton and him a piece of the tale ; but, 
 taking them for his friends, bestowed only the sweet upon them, 
 keeping the sour for himself Wotton says D'Arras told him a good 
 
136 FOREIGN PAPERS 
 
 1561. 
 
 piece of the tale, all but the threats ; notwithstanding divers of the 
 chamber toll the tale out as has been written. Subsequent to this 
 interview with the Emperor, the Ambassador forthwith despatched 
 his cousin Mons. de Formes to his master. Speculates on the results 
 of the double dealings of " the Bishop that trotteth up and down 
 from French to Imperials, from Imperials to French, who hath gain 
 for his God and loss for his greatest evil" The Turk's navy seems 
 to him to have the Jews' Messias for their lodesman, so is it still 
 a-coming and never cometh. One of the best proofs that it is 
 abroad is that on the 1st inst. the Venetians sent out their General 
 to see their sea towns safe, as well from Christians as from Turks, 
 and who will not return till foreign galleys be where they may do 
 the Venetians no harm. It may serve as a likelihood of his coming 
 that the Bishop of Rome gathers money to provide against his navy 
 at all his sea towns, Terracina, Ostia, Civita Vecchia, and Spiaggia. 
 The Bishop disburses 10,000 crowns, his Cardinals among them 5,000. 
 the clergy, his officers, and the people of Rome 50,000. The scholars 
 have been sent away from Pavia until the wars be at an end. 
 There are news from Hungary that Ambassadors have come to 
 Sig. Castaldo, saying that Fra Georgio and the rest of the realm, 
 unless it be the Queen, Count Petrovitz, with a few others, would be 
 glad that Ferdinando had the Vaivode's part, and so the whole realm 
 of Hungary, so that he did provide some honourable recompence for 
 the son and heir of the Vaivode. Supposed that the best is written 
 to the Court and bettered in the telling, to give stomach to the 
 Imperials, and abuse such as could better bear the contrary news. 
 " Here is within these two days much noise of seven millions of 
 gold come, if God will, from Peru into Spain. Two millions are for 
 the Emperor's part, the other five millions are to be parted aiuong 
 a great sort of venturers such as could, what chance soever had hap- 
 pened, have lost no more than others do gain that bide no adventure 
 at all. This massy treasure hath been too long a-coming, to come 
 now so quickly. Princes are not wont to trust the seas so long 
 with so much gold ; much less merchants are to be entreated to 
 leave such sums these many months out of their hands, not only 
 without any usury, but with a continual hazard of the principal" 
 If the gold were come, men think the Prince would make more 
 haste homeward. He is still in Italy, and it is not known where 
 or when he will embark. Hears that Melancthon has drawn up a 
 confession for the churches in Germany ; that Bi-entius and other 
 learned men do the same ; the whole to be afterwai'ds gathered and 
 confirmed by consent of the learned men in Germany. This is to 
 be exhibited to tlie Council, if any, protesting tlicreby to the world 
 ])resent and to the time to come their faith which they profess 
 toward God. If the Bishop will ncods have his partial and private 
 assembly to be taken for a General Council, then they will use such 
 means of defence as right and law offer them against an unrighteous 
 judge in his own cause. Trusts their Lordships will now either let 
 Ijotli Wotton imd him conic heme, or, if they shall alter purposes, 
 Ke.nd him hi.s flespatcli and Wotton iiis al>ode. Most humbly beseeches 
 them that lie niiiy eonie home if tlioy mean (which he trusts in God 
 they do not) to suifer the Emperor's massing Ambassador, by foul 
 
EDWARD VI. 137 
 
 1551. 
 
 and hateful idolatry, to provoke God's wratli upon the realm, and 
 shall not be able to provide at the Emperor's hands that the King's 
 Ambassador may rightly serve God abroad. " Whatsoever he saith 
 of me, how gentle soever his answer is, I must pray your honours 
 to remember what he writeth of me, and not what he saith to 
 Mr. Wotton of me. I suspect his gentleness a good deal worse than 
 I was afraid of his testiness. I am in no better favour with him 
 than any in my case can be ; neither do I desire to buy his love 
 upon such price, as both he holdeth it, and I am certain hereafter 
 I shall not be able to live of it. I trust your Lordships do perceive 
 the fault was in the matter, and not in me, that I sped no better. 
 Mr. Wotton hath a more mannerly nay than I had, but even as Hat 
 a nay as mine was, the Emperor's choler spent upon me, hath taught 
 him to use others with more gentleness." [Four pages and a half.^ 
 
 June 30. 393. Dr. Wotton to the Council Had informed 
 
 Augsburg, the Emperor of his Majesty's desire to be supplied with 20 lasts 
 of powder, and other things, as contained in a schedule delivered 
 to Mons. D'Arras. The Emperor expressed himself glad to gratify 
 his Majesty if there were sufficient powder in the Low Countries 
 to serve necessities at home and friends abroad, and turned 
 Wotton over again to M. D'Ai-ras, who prayed him for the pas- 
 sion of God to bear with him three or four days till the King of 
 the Romans be gone. He then begun to speak of the friar, and of 
 the report of the naming of England to be all Jewish, when the 
 Emperor by signs and nods willed those of his chamber to depart 
 
 so as to leave them alone (illegible). The Emperor 
 
 continued, " Ought it not to suffice you that ye spill your own 
 souls, but that ye have a mind to force others to lose theirs too ? 
 My cousin, the Princess, is evil handled among you ; her servants 
 plucked from her, and she still cried upon to leave mass, to forsake 
 her religion, in which her mother, her grandmother, and all our 
 family ha.ve lived and died." Said to his Majesty that when he left 
 England she was honourably entertained in her own house, with 
 such about her as she herself best liked, and thought she must be 
 so still, since not hearing to the contrary he was "driven to think 
 there is no change. " Yes, by St. Mary, saith he, of late they handle 
 her evil, and therefore say you hardly to them, I will not suffer her 
 to be evil handled by them, I will not suffer it. Is it not enough 
 that mine aunt, her mother, was evil entreated by the King that 
 dead is, but my cousin must be worse ordered by councillors now ? 
 I had rather she died a thousand deaths, than that she should 
 forsake her faith and mine. The King's Majesty is too young to 
 skill of such matters." Professing that it became him not to dis- 
 pute with his Majesty, yet was forced somewhat to answer him, 
 said he knew the King's Majesty was young in years, but yet, the 
 Lord be praised for his gifts poured upon him, as able to give an 
 account of his faith as is any Prince in Christendom being of thrice 
 his years ; and as for the Lady Mary, though she had a king to her 
 father, hath a king to her brother, and is akin to the Emperor ; yet 
 in England there is but one king, and the king hath but one law to 
 rule all his subjects by. The Lady Mary being no king, must con- 
 tent herself to be a subject. " A gentle law, I tell you, said he. 
 
138 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 that is mado, the King's Majesty being no "... . (illegible). 
 Wotfcon appears tlien to have sought permission for Chamberlain to 
 have the English service in his own house, without access of 
 strangers. " English service in Flanders ! quoth he ; speak not of 
 it. I will suffer none to use any doctrine or service in Flanders 
 that is not allowed of the Church." .... Said, that " if his 
 cousin the Lady Mary might not have her masses, he would provide 
 for her a remedy, and in case his Ambassador were restrained from 
 serving of God, he had already given him order if the restraint come 
 to-day that he should to morrow depart." .... While he was 
 writing the French Ambassador called and mentioned that two days 
 since he had letters from France, and that there never was greater 
 hope of amity between his country and England than at present. 
 . . . Many think France will break with the Emperpr. Venice 
 arms 50 galleys, which is considered a sign that the Tuirk will come. 
 The Emperor is amended very suddenly, and looketh meetly well of 
 it. Upon Saturday last he invested his son in the Dukedom of 
 Burgundy. Men much wonder that the Prince was not invested 
 while the Electors were here, more that he neither tarried to do tliis 
 while the King of the Romans was gone, nor brought it to pass that 
 the King of Romans, being the next door to him, came to this 
 solemnity. Their houses stand so that the King of the Romans at 
 pleasure may come to the Emperor unseen. Most true it is that 
 neither the King of the Romans, nor Maximilian, nor the Archduke 
 came thither, and yet the Emperor came out of his chamber and did 
 his son this honour in the chamber of presence. To-day or to- 
 morrow the King of the Romans departs. On Friday last took leave 
 of him ; he sends his Majesty most hearty commendations with 
 offer of perpetual amity. The King is much fallen away since he 
 
 saw him last There is great dearth in Italy, especially 
 
 in Rome ; many dead there for hunger. Bread in IU)me is in 
 wonderful scarcity : their corn was wont to come from Sicily, Naples, 
 and Spain, and now in all these places restraint is made that none 
 go abroad. Magdeburg does well. " If your Lordships shall think 
 well the Ambassador to be restrained .... doubt but 
 ye will also .... away, for I may happen to meet with a 
 mess of foul play ere I get home. I think to do me pleasure lie 
 himself would witness that I am very fit for the fire that is God's 
 angel. If your Lordships keep this there till I be past the places of 
 peril, I will think I have great wrong if he be not in his gi-ave 
 when I shall be out of the fire." [Eight pagc^. Imperfc<i draft. 
 Mutilated, and almost illegible; the documoit baitig destroyedby 
 the injudicious application of gallt<.] 
 
 Along with the jireceding, in handwriting of the early part of 
 last century, is the following iwicis either of the original letter, 
 now missing, or of the lo.st pDrtions of the draft. 
 
 " Mr. NieliolflM Wotton, Ambassador with the Emperor at Augs- 
 burg, had audieruK^ of liiiii, and having declared his instructions unto 
 the Emperor, his answers were : — 
 
 " 1. That my TiJidy Mary's mutter eoncerning mass was of im- 
 l)ortanco, and tliorelore ho said lie would think of it and speak with 
 D'Arras, of whom ho should know his answer in it. 
 
EDWARD VI. 139 
 
 1551. 
 
 " 2. That (xs for the request for the King's Highness' A^mbassador 
 to have the communion secretly, &c., he knowing in his conscience 
 that the communion, used as it is in England, is not good, but 
 contrary to the order used by all the Church so many hundred years, 
 he should offend God if he permitted it, and that therefore he may 
 not and would not do it. 
 
 " 3. That as for the arrests made in the Low Countries, the 
 Emperor made strong at it, and said he knew nothing of it. ' Marry,' 
 quoth he, ' the French at Dieppe had staid some of my subjects' 
 ships, whereupon the French ships were staid again in the Low 
 Countries ; and unless thei'e were some of the English merchantmen's 
 goods in their ships, he knew not what it should mean.' He could 
 say no more to it at this time, but he said he would write to the 
 Queen his sister of it, who shall certify and satisfy the English 
 Ambassador there in this poiiit. 
 
 " 4. That the Emperor did remit Mr. Wotton for an answer for 
 the licence for the powder to Mons. D'Arras, whereupon he was 
 earnest with Mons. D'Arras for it. His excuses were, that the King 
 of England had no need at that time of it ; that the Emperor had 
 need of it, and should lack for himself, for now the Turk-hath opened 
 the war again." 
 
 June 30. 394. King Edward VI. to Sir John Masone, recalling him from 
 [Greenwich.] ^jg embassy in France. [One page. Braft.] 
 
 June 30. 395. Same to Sir William Pickering, intimating his appoint- 
 [Greenwicli.] ment as resident Ambassador in France. [One page. Draft.'] 
 
 June 30. 396. Instructions from King Edward VI. to Sir William Picker- 
 [Greemrich.] ing^ to be observed by him on entering upon his duties as Am- 
 bassador after the departure of Sir John Masone. [Five pages. 
 Indorsed by Cecil. Draft.] 
 
 June 30. 397. Second instructions given by the King and Council to the 
 Greenwich. Marquis of Northampton and his colleagues. They may accept ot 
 600,000 crowns, but no less ; shall agree to no relinquishment of his 
 Majesty's titles, rights, or claims to anything in France or Scotland ; 
 shall decline any offensive and defensive war treaty ; and shall listen 
 to no alterations of religion in England, that " perchance may be 
 moved by the practices of the Komans and their adherents." [Two 
 pages. Copy in Sir J. MasoTie's Letter-Book.'] 
 
 June 30. 398. Letter from the Council to the Marquis of Northampton and 
 Greenwich, his colleagues. Have received their letter of the 23d by Sir William 
 Cobham, and highly approve of their proceedings. The suite of the 
 Marquis de St. Andrd had been ordered to take shipping at Boulogne, 
 and on the 1st or 2d of July the Marquis himself would embark at 
 Dieppe. Send farther instructions. By letter from Morysine of the 
 9th inst. learn that Dr. Wotton was at Ulm and would in two days 
 be at the Emperor's Court. In Flanders the Eegent waxeth very 
 gentle to English merchants, has granted the requests of the mer- 
 chants that made the forfeiture there, and farther offers by their 
 Ambassador in England to cause the penal laws of Flanders touching 
 the punishment of not tolled merchandise to be qualified and made 
 
140 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 £od. die. 
 
 July 2. 
 Greenwich. 
 
 July 2. 
 Greenwich. 
 
 Eod. die. 
 
 July 3. 
 
 Brussels. 
 
 July 7. 
 
 Augsburg. 
 
 easier. The gentleness is more than has been wont, the cause ■whereof 
 niiiy be conjectureLl. Hear that there is preparation of ships to the 
 seas, and Skipperus appointed thereto ; and that the frontiers of 
 Flaiulcis are full of men of war and upon good guard. Inclose the 
 letters and instructions of Sir W. Pickering. [Nine pages. Indorsed 
 by Cecil, Draft.} 
 
 Copy of the preceding in Sir John Masone's Letter-Book. [Three 
 pages.] 
 
 399. The Council to the Marquis of Northampton and his col- 
 leagues. Have received their letter of the 26th June. Commend 
 their diligence and refer to instructions sent herewith, which is con- 
 veyed by Sir William Cobham, who is now well rested. [Two pages. 
 Draft ] 
 
 400. Third instructions from King Edward VI. and the Council 
 to the Marquis of Northampton and his colleagues. They shall ask 
 400,000 crowns, and maj' agree to take 200,000, with the trans- 
 portation at charges of the French King, rather than break off the 
 treaty. [Six pages. Draft.] 
 
 Copy of the preceding in the Letter-Book of Sir John Masone, 
 who thus annotates it: "Upon these instructions the conclusion 
 ensued." [Ttvo pages.] 
 
 401. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to the CounciL Details a conver- 
 sation which he had this evening with the French Ambassador in 
 relation to the ceremony used by the Marquis of Northampton in 
 investing the French King with the Order of the Garter, and the 
 treaty of marriage between King Edward and the Princess Elizabeth, 
 god-child of his father King Henry VIII., now only seven yeare of 
 age, which is concluded, and the Marquis on tlte eve of returning. 
 The Emperor is not expected here for two months, although one of 
 the Council a few days since said that he was to leave Augsburg for 
 this place on the 10th inst. It is reported that the Turk does nothing 
 as yet in Transylvania, and that the inhabitants of that country 
 arc treating upon articles to be wholly at the devotion of the King 
 of the Romans. The Prince of Spain has not yet embarked, and it 
 is now said he will take shipping at Spezzia, beside Leghorn, under 
 the Duke of Florence, for that at Genoa, they have but little mind 
 at this time to him and his train. The States of Brabant are here 
 assembled. The Duke of Arschot has been slain by one of his own 
 gentlemen through folly. The Prince of Orange now marries the 
 daiightc^r of Count Buren. IToars tliat four or five ships of war 
 have left Zealand, said to be for (ho conducting of the herring fleet. 
 St.iil gi-ciit military preparations aio boing made. [Four pages. 
 Partly in cipher, dcriphnvd.] 
 
 402. Dr. Wotton and Sir Richard Morysine to the same. On 
 Thursday last tiie Bislio]) of Rome srnt, hitiu-r in jiost his Treasurer, 
 the Archbishop of Monto Politian [ Piilciano] ; a man, for his witand 
 uilij^'riioi;, much in Ills fa-vour, and not like to come but of some great 
 errand. Noxt morning holiad aiulionco of the Emperor a largehour 
 and more, and siucu then has been sundry times with D'Arraa; but 
 
EDWARD VI. 141 
 
 1551. 
 
 matters of importance are managed here so secretly, that guess as 
 people may, little else can be learnt but the name of a comer and 
 when he arrives. But the position of the individual, and the fact 
 that wars require more money than a Bishop newly come to his office 
 can have, gives them to understand that there is little left in the 
 coffers at home, when Treasurers thus post so far abroad. Yet it is 
 said the Bishop beseeches the Emperor not to go farther from Italy 
 as things stand, and the Turk's army is looked for every day. It 
 was reported that the Emperor lent the Bisliop not long since 
 200,000 crowns, but not in such haste as he had not sureties in 
 Rome bound for the money. If all was then delivered, and now is 
 almost spent, the recovery of Parma will cost him more than his 
 predecessors paid for its purchase. Some think that the Emperor, 
 having some of the Bishop's strong fortresses in gage, wiU not stick 
 to borrow for liim more than in his time he will be able to repay ; 
 and will lend him such captains and soldiers as are like enough to 
 keep for the Emperor what they recover in the Bishop's wages. If 
 France can but keep Parma this summer from him, there is much 
 chance that he may lose Bologna and other towns ere Parma be 
 gotten again. The world is a witness of the Bishop's lightness, all 
 men knowing that he can be French eie night, be he never so much 
 Imperial at noon. The Germans have set him out in a garment all 
 full of eagles on the outside, and full of fleurs-de-lis in the inside. 
 The lining being much nigher his heart than the external eagles, 
 which have their wings so spread and so ready to the flight, that 
 the Bishop is like enough to see them fly, if France bring him where 
 plenty of game is. But hitherto, however pourtrayed, he keeps his 
 garments close before, and wears in sight nothing but eagles. Don 
 Diego, Signor Eodolpho Baglioue, and Signer Aseanio Colonna have 
 gone to Castro, to see if any of the stolen treasure is there to be 
 recovered. Diego has with him as many Spaniards as can be spared 
 out of Sienna and Naples. Rumours were spread on the arrival of 
 the last courier that Castro had surrendered ; but those reports have 
 not been confirmed and the truth questioned, the castle being very 
 strong, and able to hold out any force a good season. If it be in- 
 deed given up, men think that Don Diego and the Spaniards having 
 already taken so many pains, will take-a few more to seek out this 
 hidden treasure — better still hidden than found out by these 
 spaniels. If no money is found, Diego may make it be brought to 
 pass that some of his Spaniards may be keepers of Castro ; and then 
 who shall keep the keepers ? It is to-day reported that Don 
 Ferrante has forced Colomo to surrender after a battery of seven or 
 eight hours, and has also taken Finale, a castle belonging to the 
 Duke of Ferrara, between Ferrara and Modena. Men stick not to 
 say that the French King is too slow in sending his men to Italy 
 the other side hitherto being far too big for his to offer to cope with 
 them. Horatio and Strozzi are fain to keep within Mirandola. If the 
 Grisons and Swiss come not soon, the French side will lose a good 
 piece of their stomachs, and yet hardly find whereupon to feed. If 
 Castro be gone the King may, when he lusteth, laj'' upon Avignon, 
 and make Duke Horatio lord thereof ; for though the name be less, 
 there is a good deal of gain in the change. If the Bishop begins now 
 to lack money, and the Emperor to buck at the lending, they think 
 
142 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1561. 
 
 France may come time enough. Signer Giovan Baptista di Monte 
 has gone with his men to Bologna, to see that all be safe there ; his 
 wound, by hasty healing, is less whole than when it was first hurt. 
 He feels pains, and is not without some peril His soldiers are said 
 to be commanded by one Alessandro Vitelli, a man both skilful and 
 courageous, who has been at Mirandola once or twice to ofier battle 
 to Strozzi ; but want of men, not lack of stomach, makes Strozzi a 
 town's man. The French here say that their King has a number of 
 Grisons on the way, who will be in Italy much sooner than the 
 landsknechts commanded by Baron Zesnicke, who linger on the way, 
 and have not so much as made their musters, being so kept without 
 money that 50 of them shall not now need to go into Italy to be slain. 
 They have been committing robberies, and some have been slain in the 
 act, others beheaded, and others in prison ready for the axe when con- 
 victed. The people of Lansburg [Landsperg], whose villages they have 
 been rifling, behead instead of hang them, because they are soldiers 
 of the Emperor, thus giving honour where life may not be spared. 
 The Duke of Florence is the busier, because Pietro Strozzi, his 
 greatest enemy, is in the field, and is the more willing to aid the 
 Bishop, because the French King has married the sister of the Duke 
 of Florence that was, who died slain, without brother or daughter 
 left behind him, he base born, and this the daughter of Laurentius 
 Medicis gotten in lawful marriage. Merchants' letters report that 
 1 of the Turk's galleys encountered so violent a storm that four of 
 them sank, and the remaining six are so shattered that they can 
 hardly be brought where they may be repaired. But even if 10 be 
 lost, the rest cannot be matched by any nimiber here that are ready 
 to go against them. One having lately asked Mons. D'Arras if they 
 were full 1 50 galleys, as reported, " They are," saith he, " the devil 
 give them evil speed ! within a very little of 200." The Prince is 
 yet scarce on the sea, or if he is, he embarks but to-dav, or did 
 yesterday. Maximilian goes with him to Spain to fetch his lady 
 and ■wife to Bohemia. Whether he go or not, there is equal peril 
 from the Turk. A report that one of the ships laden with gold firom 
 Peru is, by mishap, burnt on the way ; the Imperialists say it is not 
 one of those which conveys the Emperor's part, but one of those 
 that the merchants' millions be in ; and that the Emperor has for 
 his part but a million of gold at this voyage. [Four pages and a 
 half.] 
 
 July 9. 403. Peter Vannes to the Council Letters to the Seigniory from 
 Venice. Constantinople of the Gtli ult., mention that the Turkish galleys, in 
 number 112, had sailed from thence on the 23d of May. Of these, 
 8ev<)n were appointed for the keeping of the Arcliipelago, and the 
 General sailed with a sealed commission, not to be opened until he 
 sliould reach certain places named to him. Since these letters the 
 Soigniory had heard from their General at Corfu, of date 30th June, 
 that th(! 'I'lirkish fleet, auginenlod by other smaller vessels to about 
 1 .SO, had visited Zante, and eon(hieted themselves in a most friendly 
 inanner, haviii;^^ issued a proclaiiuition that no one should show any 
 iiostility to the Veiietinns on pain of impalement. They had again 
 sailed, but their destination is not known. By letters from Muran- 
 dola of the 2d inst, it is understood that Don Fernando, with 200 
 
EDWAED VI. 143 
 
 1551. 
 
 , horse, had gone to reconnoitre the town and castle of Colorno, a 
 place of some importance, within 12 miles of Parma, kept by the 
 troops of Duke Octavio. About this town 2,000 Spaniards were 
 encamped, who had twice tried to scale the walls, but were repulsed 
 with the loss of 60 men. At the same time some horsemen came 
 from Parma to Colorno, and took a captain and i Spaniards pri- 
 soners. Wherefore Don Fernando, seeing that such attempts were 
 fruitless, sent thither seven pieces of ordnance, and the battering of 
 the town, as they have since heard, commenced on the 3d inst. This 
 continued so briskly, that those in the castle, about 130 in number, 
 were unable to resist, and surrendered on condition of their lives 
 being spared. The town being thus occupied by the Spaniards, all 
 the soldiers were spoiled, and their captain. Signer Amerigo Ante- 
 nori, a Florentine, formerly the King's servant at Boulogne, was put 
 to his ransom for 10,000 crowns. The Imperialists are supposed now 
 to have gone to besiege the castles-of Fontenella and Terricella, near 
 Parma. On the 5th inst. the Bishop of Rome's army had defeated 
 Pietro StrozzL's troops, and taken possession of some strong entrench- 
 ments two miles from Mirandola. Sipier and Pietro Strozzi have 
 gone to Parma witii 1,500 foot and 300 horse ; the rest of their force, 
 being as many more, have gone to Mirandola. These proceedings 
 induce a belief that the French King will not attempt any great 
 enterprise in Italy this year, and all think that he wiU little prevail 
 against the Emperor, without a large and puissant army set forth 
 -with diligence. Letters from the Emperor's Court of the 27th ult. 
 state that on the 10th inst. 4,000 Almains and 1,000 horse were to 
 muster there and be sent to Italy, and that 4,000 more are to be 
 raised when occasion shall require them. " The Bishop of Rome is 
 reckoned here to be a man of very heady mind, sudden and unadvised 
 in his determinations, and begins to find himself aggrieved, and com- 
 plaining that all promises made on the Emperor's part unto him be 
 not observed. On the other side, Don Fernando demandeth on him 
 great suras of money for the harm, damage, and great charges sus- 
 tained for the defending of his right. The which money as he is not 
 able to disburse, so many one thinketh he shall be constrained at 
 one time or other to forego some of his towns, under the pretence of 
 suretyship for the same money to be paid ad Calendas Grcecas, and 
 that shortly he to be in that case that shall wish the French King's 
 friendship. This is the opinion of certain wise men." [Three 
 pages.} Awnexed, 
 
 403. I. " The duplicate of the advertisements countersigned in the 
 Council's letter," being the information detailed in the 
 preceding letter. [^Italian. Two pages.'] 
 
 July 11. 404. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to the Council. Had received 
 Brussels. their letters of the 28th ult. on the 9th. On the same day Skyperus 
 returned from Zealand, and has been visited by the Council, because 
 of his inability to go to them. What he has done there Chamberlain 
 cannot learn. The arrival and entertainment of the Marquis of 
 Northampton at the French Court has been- much talked of here, 
 and nothing at all liked. The common people talk much thereof 
 and of the marriage, which perhaps may divert some of the 
 
144 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1651. 
 
 Emperor's purposes, and make liira a better neighbour. Has heard 
 nothing of, the Lady Mary's chaplain ; if he does, now knows how 
 to answer liim. Neither has lie heard more^f Bucholt's complaint, 
 which the President said bare neither head nor tail If he should 
 go to their Lordships, which is unlikely, tiiere is in Chamberlain's 
 house in London sufficient quittance under his hand and seal to 
 declare that he has received 1 6,000 or 20,000 guilders more than ho 
 ought to have had, although he should be allowed for three months' 
 service, having indeed done no service at alL Mons. de Bushot, 
 the Emperor's master of the horse, arrived on Wednesday ; cannot 
 yet learn his news or the cause of his errand. There is a mutiny in 
 the Bishop of Liege's land, arising from the circumstance that about 
 four years ago the Bishop's Chancellor practised with France, where- 
 upon the Emperor confiscated his promotions and goods, and made 
 one of the brothers of the Marquis of Berghes coadjutor, with right 
 of succession, to the Bishop, which is misliked by the people, who 
 have no great devotion either to him or the Bishop, but would he 
 under the French King. The Chancellor resides in France, con- 
 tinuing this practice, and the Bishop has retired to one of his castles, 
 having written to the Emperor thereof. If the mutiny continues, 
 it is thouglit that the Bishop will surrender to the Emperor for a 
 pension, as the Bishop of Utrecht was fain to do 12 or 14 years 
 ago. For some months the Emperor has had' two or three troops .of 
 horse hovering thereabouts, and divers cannon and other pieces have 
 passed in that direction towards Luxembourg, which men had 
 thought should have turned their noses to the walls of Liege, by 
 the way. Understands that the Estates sit for devising to redeem 
 a rent upon the Emperor's domains, which his Majesty made about 
 four years ago, and to appoint learned men to go to the Council, 
 with other things necessary for the country. [Five pages.] 
 
 July 14. 405. Sir Richard Morysine to the Council. After this long inquiry, 
 Nuremberg, standing, as his trust is, upon his despatch hence (most ready to 
 return, most unwilling to tarry), he thought it good, as did Mr. 
 Wotton, that he should consume seven or eight days in -v-iewing 
 Nuremberg, Ingoldstadt, and other cities while he had an opportunity 
 for doing so. He absented himself from Augsburg the readier that 
 Ills service was not needed there at the time, and Wotton would 
 attend to any business. Hopes they will take this his little gadding 
 in good part, as he had not used it when full forced thereunto. He 
 is but a green Ambassador scarce well weighed ; Wotton has served 
 out his yeai-s and may be warden of his occupation. Nuremberg is 
 one (if the fairest and best governed cities he has seen ; the people 
 much more civil and more honestly appareled than the Germans are 
 in any pl.ico where it lias been his luck to couio. Shortly after his 
 arrival there came to his inn two sonatora, grave and well-learned 
 persons, who wc)(^oinod him in tho name of the Senate, praying to 
 ii(;(Hi|it tlitiir poor present as a token of their good will and benevo- 
 lence toward.s the King, Tlieir i)resent was two long vessels full of 
 ilsli, pikes, trouts, and jio wot not what. Besides honest citizens, 
 tlicro eanio with lliem 15 Serjeants of the town, every serjeant 
 briii;;itig with iiim two long-necked pots, he is sure a gallon a-piece; 
 so ho had wino and fish in plenty. The two senators dined with 
 
ED WARD VI. 145 
 
 1551. 
 
 him : they were men of good entertainment, brought up in France 
 and Italy, doctors, and worthy their names. After taking his 
 thanks to the Senate, they returned with orders to escort him over 
 the town. They did so ; showing him their artillery, which is very 
 fair ; and their store of corn, which is incredible for the plenty and 
 the years thereof. He saw a house 360 feet long, of six stories on 
 each side, and on every story above 2,000 quarters of corn, not one 
 grain of which that hath not been there upwards of 200 years, as 
 they swore unto him and their writings testify. He has sent to 
 Mr. Cecil wheat of that age, and peason that have been kept above 
 100. years. They have 18 of these houses; so much plenty that 
 their poverty never feeleth any dearth, the price within a shilling a 
 quarter being always one as concerning the poor. After he had been 
 there two days the children of two men who had been banished — 
 the one for manslaughter, the other for speaking foul words to one 
 of the magistrates — besought his intercession. Had requested the 
 Senate for them, and his request was granted for sake of his Majesty, 
 for whom these men and their children will pray during their lives. 
 Since that other supplications have been brought to him for some 
 banished for advoutry and others for wilful murder, but he has 
 declined, considering the Senate had already granted him enough. 
 Suggests that the Council should solicit a short letter of some 10 or 
 12 lines from his Majesty to the Senate, thanking them for their 
 courtesy to his Ambassador. Finds great favour borne to his 
 Majesty's noble virtues in all places. It is reported concerning 
 Magdeburg, that three Electors, the Palsgrave, and Bishops of 
 Cologne and Treves, meet at Mentz, being desired by the Emperor 
 to take to them the Bishop of Mentz, and travail with those of 
 Magdeburg by all possible means to bring the matter to some good 
 pass. By leaving all to the content of these four Electors, the 
 Emperor would seem not to mean to have too many irons in the fire 
 at once. Has heard from Augsburg that a post had arrived from 
 France, when the French Ambassador had speedy access to the 
 Emperor, and stated to him that although the Emperor had sent 
 such supply of troops to Italy, his master was aware that he did so 
 merely to aid the Bishop, whom he might not see unaided, and for 
 no other purpose, and that he was resolved utterly to conserve amity 
 with the French King. That though he had sent into Piedmont 
 1 2 ensigns of Gascons who had served him at Boulogne, they were 
 only sent there in case any unlocked for occasions should happen, 
 and he was ifluch sorry that the Bishop of Home had given them 
 both such matter of stir and trouble. The Emperor had replied that 
 he had done what he cotdd to breed a quietness to all parts, and 
 that he would do so still, glad if it may take place. Heard on leaving 
 Augsburg that there was some discord between Pietro Strozzi and 
 the Count of Mirandola. Hears that Duke Octavio and his wife are 
 both sore sick, men much doubting lest poison have bred their 
 disease. This their sickness may work some alteration. The Em- 
 peror shows himself very lusty, and has been twice a-hunting this 
 week. Beseeches them to bear with this his present desire to see 
 things, which else he were like never to see ; years and weight of 
 body will make him fitter for home than for travel hereafter. Trusts 
 
 K •*- 
 
146 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 July 17. 
 
 Nantes. 
 
 Bod. die. 
 
 July 17. 
 Nantes. 
 
 his task is done, his stint is passed, this that he haa in hand being 
 once well ended. [Five pages.] 
 
 406. The Marquis of Northampton and his colleagues to the CouncLL 
 On Saturday the * inst. had received their letters of 30th June by 
 Sir William Cobham. Next day the King arrived, and on Monday 
 they had conference with the Constable and the French Conunis- 
 sioners, who were anxious to get matters terminated ; " concluding 
 that the time went away apace, and that the King must perforee 
 out of hand enter his journey towards Blois or else to Fontainebleau, 
 there to appoint the Queen to her chamber, who had so long gone 
 about with her belly as it was high time to look thereimto ; for the 
 which purpose he would in any wise depart the next Wednesday." 
 Much discussion ensued. The French would not consent to more 
 than their original proposition of 200,000 crowns ; and to this the 
 English Commissioners at last acceded. Thereafter some differences 
 arose as to the relative value of French and English money and 
 the repayment of the dower in the event of his Majesty predeceasing 
 without issue by the Princess ; but these were finally arranged and 
 " the books of this treaty be now a-penning." Immediately on the 
 conclusion of the conference the King departed towards Angers, 
 about 50 English miles off, where he will be on Saturday, and on 
 Sunday they trust to be there to make an end of their business and 
 take leave. The Marquis has all this time been entertained veiy 
 lovingly, and has had still his chamber in the Court, and two messes 
 of meat bountifully furnished, with as much gentle handling as can 
 be devised, the particular report whereof is committed to Mr. Henry 
 Sydney, the bearer of this despatch. To prevent erroneous reports, 
 they have thought fit to apprize the Emperor's Ambassador that in 
 their proceedings they have had due regard to the ancient amity 
 between the two houses. [Eleven pages.] 
 
 Copy of the preceding in Sir John Masone's Letter-Book. [Eight 
 pages and a lialf.] 
 
 407. Sir John Masone to Sir William Herbert, master of the 
 horse. Will perceive by theii- common letters that they have con- 
 cluded a more honourable bargain, all things duly weighed, than has 
 yet been heretofore. The Lord Marquis has so used himself at all 
 times during this ambassade with j3uch grave and temperate wisdom, 
 as to give great likelihood of him in time to come. Albeit at all 
 times Masone had of him an opinion as of a noble man right well 
 furnished with sundry good qualities, and likely to prove to a great 
 perfection ; yet never durst he till this time promise himself so much 
 of the Marquis as he has found since his coming hither. With God's 
 aHsiwtance, he is like to jirove such a one as ip this corrupt time 
 they stand much in need of Poi-ma is assieged by the armies of the 
 Emperor and Bishop of Rome, to tlio number of 26,000. The French 
 have in Mirandola and its vioinity 15,000 or 16,000. They have 
 lately had a groat defeat, in which St. Pierre, one of the notablest 
 of the Frciicli King's captains, was slain. Fontanello, another 
 notable captain, is hurt to death, and Pietro Strozzi sti-icken with a 
 harquebuse, but not vory dangerously. Louis Alemanni, steward of 
 
 * Blank in original, but may bo supplied by 1 1th. 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 147 
 
 1551. 
 
 July 17. 
 Nantes. 
 
 July 18. 
 
 Venice. 
 
 the Queen's house, is sent to Genoa to endeavour to excite a revolt 
 there, and put into the head of Andrew Doria that the Emperor 
 intends to seize his galleys and make himself master of the town. 
 Poulin is despatched to Turkey to expedite the coming of the Turk's 
 army. Andelot is gone to Switzerland to see how many men he can 
 raise if need be. Thanks him for granting his request touching 
 Herbei-t's house ; he and his wife desire to be commended to Lady 
 Herbei't. [Two pages. Conway Papers.'] 
 
 408. The Marquis of Northampton to Cecil. The inclosed packet 
 is from a Scot in the French Coui-t, who seems to bear good will to 
 the English, and has written to some of his friends to apprize the 
 Marquis from time to time of what happens in Scotland. Requests 
 Cecil to read them, and if he thinks good to forward them to Berwick 
 for delivery. [Half a page.] 
 
 409. Peter Vannes to the Council. On the 12th instant had 
 received their letter of the 16th tdt., dated from Greenwich. Thanks 
 their Lordships for their good will towards him, and felicitates them 
 on the good estate of his Majesty and the realm. Had communi- 
 cated the contents to the Seigniory, who received them in very loving 
 part, and said that their Ambassador in England had " advertised 
 them in most ample manner in such wise as the vii-tues in so young 
 and noble a prince, being far above his age and any worldly ex- 
 pectation, do only proceed of the infinite mercy of God, who only is 
 to be thanked as the giver of aU goodness." " The said Ambassador, 
 as I perceive by them, had largely written with what gravity and 
 attention the King's Majesty most nobly accompanied gave them 
 audience ; and how wittUy his own self, as though he had been these 
 20 years exercised in worldly affairs, divided the said Ambas- 
 sadors' sayings in parts, making answer to every one of them ; in 
 so much that the whole Seigniory, with a great admiration and 
 rejoicing, allowed and confirmed my saying with a serene hope and 
 trust that hereafter, crescentibus annis, they shall have a firm and 
 assured friendship of so noble and godly a Prince." Recommends 
 them to let the Ambassador have some knowledge that they are 
 aware how worthily he has written of the King and the realm. 
 While the French are retired to Parma and Mirandola, Don Fer- 
 nando, with 2,000 or 3,000 men, goes to take certain holds about 
 Parma of no great importance. Concerning the report that some 
 Swiss were to come to Italy in the French King's name, and pass 
 through a portion of the Venetian territories, Don Fernando had 
 signified to the Seigniory that whereas beiag the Emperor's servant, 
 and bound to do his best for the advancement of his master's affairs, 
 if he should encounter the said Swiss in their country they must not 
 impute it to any unfriendliness. The Seigniory reply, that being on 
 amicable terms with the Emperor and, the French King, and entirely 
 neutral, they cannot refuse the French to pass through their country, 
 or to supply, them with provisions on their march, they paying 
 honestly for what they take ; and if Don Fernando should take any 
 such authority within their dominions (as they think he will not), 
 they will devise such remedies as shall be thought most expedient. 
 Of these matters they have written to the Emperor, and have put 
 
 K 2 
 
148 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 2,000 men in garrison about Bergamo and other places on their 
 confines most requiring defence, making, nevertheless, divers other 
 pretences. Several Italians here wisli and look for the French King 
 withdrawing his obedience from the Church of Rome, or at least from 
 the Bishop there, being by him with so many injuries provoked. 
 Verily and generally the said Bishop's doings be blamed and judged 
 only to be a direct way to his destruction howsoever the gain goes. 
 Has been to visit Cardinal Tournon, a man both gi-ave and witty, 
 who is here at present. The Cardinal takes it very unkind, that 
 after the French King, his master, had gently asked for his depart- 
 ing, the Bishop of Rome should have prescribed to him to sojourn 
 in Venice, saying tliat great timidity and unadvised hastiness in 
 determination of things causes the Bishop to do as he doth. He 
 greatly rejoices in the friendship between England and France; 
 inquired much of the noblemen of England and of Lord Warwick 
 with divers communications in the time of his Admiralty ; and at 
 Vannes' departing would needs for the King's honour accompany 
 him to the stair-head. The greater number of the landsknechts sent 
 by the Emperor into Italy take their journey by Milan, a way 
 towards Piedmont, a place as well by reason of titles as for provision 
 of victuals most ready for the beginning of war when any such shall 
 earnestly begin. John de Salerno, formerly a captain in Boulogne 
 and a pensioner of the King, has of late been slain with a harquebuse 
 by the Bishop of Rome's means. Concerning the precedency, &a, 
 shall order himself with God's grace according to their Lordships' 
 commandments therein. Requests to know their pleasure as to hia 
 going for five or six weeks to Lucca, where the decayment of his 
 poor things there doth chiefly provoke him ; and if he shall be licensed 
 for that season thither, that they will give letters of credence to tiie 
 Seigniory there. Sends herewith divers advertisements as well of 
 the matters of Italy as news of the Turk's army, as most part thereof 
 is contained herein. It is recently written from Rome that the 
 Turk's army have arrived in a place named Otranto, not far from 
 Calabria. Incloses a letter from Mr. Barnes, son of the King's 
 Majesty's auditor, concerning Horsmonden and Winslow. [Five 
 pages.] Anneoced, 
 
 409. I. Private note autograph of Vannes, " toucldng Mr. Degyon 
 his case."* Transagardus, a young gentleman of Padva, 
 by vhiue of a special privilege granted to hia family by 
 the Emperor t'iigismund, has co-nfei'red tlie degree of 
 Doctor of Divinity upon two Englishmen there, named 
 Qi'orge Dmlgron and Hugo Tunihidl, who refused to 
 lake the oath of allcgidiice to the Bishop of Rome, "forth 
 ddvgcf iliat else at home should incur init." TumhuUts 
 vci-ji st'iidiiiuK in. divinity and in divers other sciences, 
 and he and Jiiidtjeon keep mnch company together. He 
 han Hcveral young gcnllnnen studying with him, some %n 
 civil law and some in Inimanify, and,as far as canoe 
 Hcvii hji Ihem. honestly hronqht up. Dudgeon has with him 
 one j'ferlwii and Saint Cloiv [Sinclair!] He has been 
 
 See letter from the Council of IGth June, antea. 
 
EDWARD VI. 149 
 
 1551. ■ 
 
 vd'^l sick of a strange disease in his ribs, and not yet 
 better, and intends in the laterinrj of the year to return 
 to England, where, after Vannes' judgment, learning of 
 all sorts is to be had at Cambridge arid Oxford as 
 j)lcntlfuUy as here, and ivith as good manner, saving for 
 the sight of countnes and obtaining of language. If he 
 can get to the knowledge of the specialties of the oath in 
 the Emperor Sigismund's privilege, he will send the same 
 to their Lwdships. [Three ^ja</es.] 
 
 •409. II. Letter from William Barnes to Vannes, dated from 
 Sienna, June 30, 1551. Does not wish to defend 
 Horsmonden in his naughtiness and untruth, although 
 Mr. Arnold and he, at Horsmonden's earnest request, 
 seeming very sorry for his misuses, and desirous to return 
 home and to come to his answer, did promise so to ad- 
 vertise him in that they might, how he was taken in his 
 and their country, as that such advice were not prejudicial 
 to the same or dangerous unto themselves. And for his aid 
 in this his vehemently, and to the sword's point, affirmed 
 truth, they gave him, considering his extreme necessity, 
 tvjo croivns between them, not thinJcing it evil bestowed, %f, 
 according to his promise, bound with oaths at his depar- 
 ture, he seeks to clear himself and to come to his answer. 
 Here at Sienna has sprung up a new matter between Win- 
 slade [ Winslowl the traitor, who by the Cardinal's means 
 is placed here for a soldier, and another Englishman 
 nxtmed Richard Knight, sometime serving in Boulogne 
 under Captain Lytton, and now also a soldier here. 
 2 his Winslade, as he is of a very traitorous heart to his 
 country, is in the daily habit of, speaking evil of the King's 
 Majesty and the Council, calling them Lutherans, and 
 saying there is no justice, with such like ; which Knight 
 hearing, and being impelled by natural loyalty, and also 
 because Winslade had spoken falsely by him behind his 
 back, defied him,, gave him the lie, and in Tnaintenance of 
 his just quarrel (as the order is) cast him his glove; 
 which he receiving, would not since that time demand the 
 camp as his part had been. Wherefore Knight has sought 
 the camp of him. Arnold and Barnes have sought to 
 farther his suit with Don Diego, who would fain have 
 agreed them, but, as Knight will not condescend, had 
 meamvhile ordered a truce for four days. This expires 
 to-night, but camp he thinks will not be granted, as 
 according to Don Diego his commission extends not so 
 far. [Three pages."] 
 
 409. III. " Diversi avisi da piu bande." The General having 
 sent a frigate to look for the Turk's fleet, it had accidently 
 run down four pinnaces, which sank with all on board ; 
 but it was unknown whether these belonged to the Turk's 
 squadron or to the Moors. Other affairs of the Turks. 
 Fietro Strozzi had retired being unable to relieve Colorno, 
 
150 
 
 FOEEIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 July 19. 
 Angers, 
 
 July 20. 
 Angers. 
 
 July 20. 
 Beaufort. 
 
 July 20. 
 Beaafort. 
 
 July 20. 
 
 July 21. 
 Augiburg. 
 
 which had fallen into the hands of Bon Fernando prior 
 to hia arrival there. More details of the proceedmgs 
 relative to Parma and Bologna. M. MonVwc is here on 
 hia way from Rome, where, with conaiderable diffimUy, 
 he had obtained the archbishopric of Bordea/ux, <md 
 expects to leave shortly for France. [Italmn. Two pages.] 
 
 410. Treaty of marriage between King Edward VI. and Elizabeth, 
 daughter of Henry II., King of France. [Twenty pages. Latm. 
 Copy in Sir John Masone's Letter-Book PrvrUed by Rymer, 
 Vol. XV., p. 273, edition of 1712.] 
 
 Imperfect copy of the preceding in General Treaty-Book, Lp. 167. 
 
 Another imperfect copy, ibid. ii. p. 84 
 
 Another imperfect copy. [Fourteen pages.] 
 
 Abstract and copy of the same. [Five pages.] The abstracts 
 in English. 
 
 411. The Marquis of Northampton and his colleagues to the 
 Council By the King's appointment arrived here on the evening 
 of Saturday the 18th inst. Next morning very early the treaty was 
 signed and sealed. About nine o'clock they were sent for, when 
 Sir William Pickering was presented as Ambassador-Resident, and 
 Sir John Masone and the rest took leave. Touching the restitution 
 of the Scottish gentlemen, the King would do his best therein. His 
 Majesty informed them of the defeat of the Emperor's and the 
 Pope's troops, and that " now he was able to say boldly Parma was 
 his ; adding, that spite of both the armies of the enemies, such com 
 as grew about the town was gathered and brought in, so as the same 
 was now victualled in such sort as it was able to tarry the malice of the 
 enemies for a great time." Incloses their answer to the demand of 
 the Scottish Queen. The Marquis intends to begin his journey 
 homeward to-morrow morning. The Constable is created Due de 
 Montmorency and Peer of France. Have informed the Emperor's 
 Ambassador of their proceedings ; suggest similar communication by 
 their Lordships to the Imperial Resident in England. [Threepages. 
 Copy in Sir John Masone's Letter-Book] 
 
 412. Henry II., King of France, to King Edward VI. Re- 
 credentials of the Marquis of Northampton and his colleagues, and 
 expressive of his Majesty's satisfaction at the conclusion of the treaty. 
 [Countersigned by De I'Aubespine. Broadmdc. Frendu] 
 
 413. Same to same. Re-credentials of Sir John Masone, approv- 
 ing of his conduct while Ambassador, and expressive of his Majesty's 
 pleasure at the appointment of Sir William Pickering as successor. 
 [Countersigned by De I'Aubespine. Broadside. French!] 
 
 414. Inventory of silver and gilt plate delivered to SirWilham 
 Pickering on entering upon his duties iis Ambassador-Resident 
 in France, amounting to 2,697 ounces. [Two pages.] 
 
 Check (V)py of the preceding. [Two pages. Indwsed by Cedl^ 
 
 415. Dr. Wotton and Sir Richard Morysine to the Council. Let- 
 ters from Italy do much disagree ; some say that the Bishop, having 
 spent with his treasure a good piece of his credit, waxeth weaxy of 
 
EDWARD VI. 151 
 
 1551. 
 
 Avar ; others that his men never made better skirmishes than they 
 do now. In such contradictory reports, they are glad to receive 
 from Mr. Vannes a packet of letters, which they trust will convey to 
 their Lordships authentic intelligence of these Italian stirs, the 
 Turk's army, and other occurrents in his vicinity. CamiUo Orsino 
 and Alessandro Vitelli are said to do what they can to make the 
 peasants of Mirandola as weary of the abode of their French guests 
 as they were glad of their coming. The Bishop's band is fully as 
 able to keep the field as the French are to defend the town, and is 
 much about Mirandola, considering it good policy towards settling 
 matters to keep Octavio and the French as far from each other as 
 possible. Lately they fell to burning the house of Sigismondo 
 Tenzano, a captain of the French part, and sacked some villages 
 belonging to Mirandola, which called forth a remonstrance from 
 M. de Thermes, who sent to Orsino and Vitelli, saying that if they 
 had orders from the Bishop to burn any part of Mirandola, they did 
 well to obey their master ; but he begged to remind him that 
 Mirandola was not Parma, and no part of it belonged to Octavio, 
 but had long been the property of the French King, with whom, if 
 the Bishop meant to war, his men then might stoutly follow that 
 they had so lustily begun ; and he thought that the burning of vile 
 cottages about Mirandola would elsewhere set fair palaces afire, if 
 they did not forthwith leave oflf. They replied, that they merely 
 retaliated the injuries done to the Bishop's tenants upon Bologna by 
 Pietro Strozzi ; and if Strozzi's soldiers were sent out of Mirandola, 
 they would eftsoons go their way, having come not to harm 
 Mirandola, but to see that Mirandola did no harm to them. M. de 
 Thermes wjll remove none of his soldiers, wherefore CamiUo and Vitelli 
 mean to tarry where they are= Strozzi is said to have dismissed some 
 of his band, finding them too few to keep the field, and too many to 
 be fed within the towns. Notwithstanding they write from Italy 
 that about the 5th inst. Strozzi had his soldiers abroad more 
 then two miles from Mirandola, knowing that the Bishop's men lay 
 not far off" from them ; but the truth is, that he went where his 
 soldiers were skirmishing with the Bishop's as good as three hours' 
 space, and at last got into their trenches under the walls of Mirandola, 
 having hurt a good number of their adversaries. After this, it is 
 said, Sipier and Strozzi, with 1,500 foot and 300 horse, went to 
 Parma, and would have put Frenchmen into the citadel ; but Octavio 
 would not allow it, content that they should aU be truly sworn to serve 
 the French King there. This must needs breed suspicion on both 
 sides. Certain Mars who have fied from Parma say that the Duke has 
 disarmed the inhabitants, forbidding them under pain of death to 
 come at any time to the walls or to talk with any soldiers in the 
 night. In this he is thought to do amiss, to mistrust strangers and 
 after not to trust his own ; for if there be cause to mistrust both, it 
 is high time to think any conditions of peace better than war. It 
 may be friara doing this, as they are wont to do in the rest ; that is, 
 say that may best serve their master, and not that that is most true. 
 They say wine will not last tiU new come, and that provender for the 
 horses is wanting. Howsoever it may be in Parma, Mirandola is weU . 
 victualled, the inhabitants being forced to lay much com in the great 
 
1,52 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1651. 
 
 July 24. 
 
 Brussels, 
 
 July 24, 
 Venice. 
 
 church of Mary Magdalen. Letters say that Parma has enough for 
 this year. There are rumours that Ferrante complains of a sciatica, 
 and beseeches the Emperor that the Marquis of Marignano, or some 
 other, may take the charge, as his pain will not suffer him to travail 
 longer ; and they say hero that he loves not to fight but when be 
 may himself make the match. The 12,000 Gascons come into 
 Piedmont, with the other 8,000 reported to be on their way thither, 
 are able to make a man feel the pain of a sciatica a good wMle 
 before the sciatica comes. There is a murmuring in this Court that 
 now the French King has concluded with the English, he is coming 
 to Paris, and so to Lyons ; meaning either a full falling out with the 
 Bishop, or an open breach with the Emperor. Already in France he 
 is said to have proclaimed war against the former. . It is farther said 
 that Mons. Raimond, lately French Ambassador with the Turk, left 
 Marseilles seven or eight days ago with two galleys to meet the 
 Turk's army. A friend of theirs has this day received letters which 
 state that part of the Turk's navy has now entered the port of 
 Telamona under the promontory of Hercules, belonging to Sienna, 
 and part are about Ostia, which leads to Rome. He could land in 
 no place, either where he should be better welcome, or where he 
 might with greater help do more harm. The Bishop has either fled 
 or removed to Viterbo ; removed, if the Turk be not come ; fled, if 
 his galleys be at Ostia. The landsknechts which were appointed to 
 Parma are now said to go towards Naples. Signer Giovanni 
 Castaldo writes from Hungary that the King of the Romans is 
 almost at a good point with the Vaivode's late wife and queen, and 
 that she makes gi-eat entreaty to Castaldo to come where she may 
 com mime with him. But he thinks, under present circumstances, it 
 is not good for him to go with an army, or safe to go with a few, so 
 there are but shows of agreement hitherto. If the Turk comes by 
 land the Queen will none accord ; if he comes not, and she be forced 
 to aUow that she ca.nnot wiU, it may be, she will accept such offers 
 as she must. She has sent Castaldo a silver cup, with many old coins 
 in it. A Turkish shower marreth all this fiiir weather. [Five 
 pages.] 
 
 416. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to the Council. Has this day 
 received a closed letter from the Queen to the rulers of Antwerp, 
 which the President informs him contains commands to let jJl 
 English ships depart when they will. This letter he has sent 
 straight in post to the merchants to put in execution out of hand. 
 [One page.] 
 
 417. Peter Vannes to same. Since he wrote to them on the 
 18th, news have come from the Emperor's camp that M. d'Ande- 
 lot Jind Skyperus, with other gentlemen, fiO cdates, and a good 
 number of harquebuters a horscbnck, having left Pnruia to go to San 
 Segondo, a castle l)cl(iii(:;iiij:t to Duke Octavio, oncountered in an 
 amhuHh a ]i\r^i^ nuiuliov oi" Imperialists, and after long fighting were 
 all taken iniMonci-s, with tlio I'xception of abDut 25 who were slain. 
 On lii';iring thi.s i'iotro Strozzi went with 200 horse to attempt a 
 reHciio, but lie also having hvrn reccivcil with another imbushment, 
 wa.s defL-ated with the loss of many of his company. Duke Horatio, 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 153 
 
 1551. 
 
 July 25. 
 Venice. 
 
 July 28. 
 Venice. 
 
 with upwards of 200 horse and sundry foot, proceeding from Miran- 
 dola towards Parma, had been waylaid and attacked in a pass by 
 Alessandro Vitelli, chief captain of the Pope's army, who routed them 
 with the loss of several prisoners ; but Duke Horatio contrived to 
 escape by the help of his horse, which at that time did him very good 
 service. Various oiBcers and others here, who have been lately in 
 the French King's service, say that the Frenchmen lack both pro- 
 vision, men, and good order, to do any good against the Papists' and 
 Imperialists' arms. 400 horsemen have come to Don Fernando 
 within the last few days, coming from towards Milan, and troops of 
 landsknechts daily come from Germany thitherward. Parma and 
 Mirandola are said to be barely supplied. As the Imperialists and 
 Papists are strong in the field and lord of the victuals, it will be hard 
 for the French to raise any great army here, unless a way were 
 devised to divert the Emperor's strength" out of these parts other- 
 ways. [Two pages.] Annexed, 
 
 417. I. "Advertisements written in English in the Council's 
 letter," to which are added further news. Letters from 
 Rome of the \Sth mention that Anthony Boria going to 
 Africa with 15 galleys laden luith munitions, victuals, 
 and Spanish soldiers, had been overtaken at night by a 
 great storm, when believing they were on the broad ocean, 
 they found themselves driven on the Island of Lampedusa, 
 where eight of the vessels, with all their cargo and the 
 majority of those on board, were lost. The rest, having 
 with great difficulty resisted the storm, reached Africa 
 safely. The same letters say that advices from France of 
 the 1st inst. state that the King was resolved to send to 
 Italy 27,000 French, Gascons, and Picards, with a large 
 number of cavalry and 15,000 Swiss, and that M. de 
 Thermes was to have the command of all this army. If 
 this is true it will light such a fire in Italy as wiU with 
 difficulty be extinguished. [Italian. Three pages.] 
 
 418. Peter Vannes to Francis Yaxley. [One page. Having been- 
 torn perpendicularly, and one half only remaining, the subject of 
 this letter cannot be made out] 
 
 41 9. Same to the Council. Since his letter of the 24th some dis- 
 agreements have chanced between Don Fernando and the Seigniory ; 
 the former having demanded, if there should be occasion hereafter, to 
 be permitted to do an exploit of arms against the French within their 
 dominion and jurisdiction. Also that he might station a company 
 of soldiers in their countries upon the confines of the Grisons, to 
 impede the passage of any troops in the French King's name ; and 
 farther, that they should not allow the French King to levy men in 
 any part of their territories. All this the Seigniory have boldly 
 denied to. him, preserving most strict neutrality. Since the last 
 discomfiture of Duke Horatio's band going from Mirandola to Parma, 
 a number of infantry remaining in a fort there were suffered without 
 hurt to depart. The Bishop of Kome's army have made two forts 
 near Mirandola for besieging the same, and have already planted 
 
154 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 some ordnance there ; but many think, unless he can do injuiy to 
 the walls and houses, the battery will little prosper, by reason that 
 the ditches around the town are very big and deep. Don Fernando 
 being much diseased of a sciatica has retired to Piacenza. Incloses 
 news from Naples and Rome of the Turk's army ; also copy of a 
 letter from Anthony Doria concerning the loss which he has had of 
 nine galleys, men, and munitions from tempests {both miasi/tig), [One 
 page and a half.] 
 
 July 28. 420. Dr. Wotton and Sir Richard Morysine to the Council The 
 Augsburg, long looked for Turkish navy is now in the Straits of Scylla and 
 Charybdis, bringing no mean terror to those who have passed, or shall 
 pass by. D'Arras says there are 90 galleys, with other vessels ; but 
 others that there are upwards of 1 30 galleys, besides ships of carriage. 
 The Court here sets a better countenance on it than might be sup- 
 posed, saying that when Barbarossa, another manner of captain than 
 Rustan Bassa's brother, was last in these parts with a iar larger 
 power and better skilled men, he went his way with no great harm 
 done. Others that know what counsel Dragut Rey can give the 
 Turk's General, think the army and men big enough to ntake the 
 greatest hereaway full afraid ; and when it is considered that the 
 French are also, doubtless, bound by covenants to be doing as fest as 
 the other, they stick not to say that the Emperor shall have more to 
 do than he can well overcome. They have two months to be doing ; 
 if they can get any new haven to harbour in this winter, they are 
 like to tarry in it, in case time do not serve to get that may be 
 their own. Toulon, not far from Marseilles, is said to be already in 
 order for them ; but if the Bassa is as ready to hearken to mLschievous 
 advices as Dragut is ready to give them, it is supposed they have 
 time enough to provide their own lodging ere winter force them to 
 leave the seas. Of late the Emperor has had better luck on land 
 than on sea. Ferrante has, at sundry skirmish&s, taken various 
 Frenchmen, as D'Andelot, the Constable's nephew, M. Sipier, Conte 
 di Col' Alto, Conte d'Etienne, Captain Corso, and others of good 
 families ; — Horatio, while others were hard at it, with great difficulty 
 recovering Parma. It is thought that the Constable will be pricked 
 with the taking of his well-beloved nephew, and that he will shortly 
 see Ferrante better matched. This good chance has been much 
 appalled by a post from Genoa, that ai-rived on Saturday last the 
 25 th inst., bringing news that eight vessels sent by the Emperor to 
 succour Africa have all been lost by tempest ; their captain, Antonio 
 Doria, escaping almost alone, his own galley hn^•ing perished with 
 the others. They were all well manned with Italians, and provided 
 with artillery. The ;nrivnl of the Turk's nraiy and this unlucky loss 
 have brdil as rrreat dump .imong the Imperialists, ns stirred up talk 
 and coiir!iL,'<^ to tho Fronoh. Becauso mishaps love to come together, 
 a mdHHcmgiT has arrived from tlio King of the Romans, beseeching 
 the Emppror's aid out of hand, olso it will come when it cannot serve. 
 Castaldo's groat promises are suddenly fallen to decay and every one 
 iw 1ik('ly to prove vain ; for the Turk lias already sent 60,000 horse 
 tdwanls Transylvania, and I'etrovitz, ft-llow-governor with Fra 
 (u'()rj;io, has 13,000 horso ready to join the Turk against the King 
 of the Romans. The Emperor makes 15 ensigns, intending in all 
 
EDWAED VI. 155 
 
 1551. 
 
 h<aste to send them to help his brother ; but new men will come too 
 late, if the old are discomfited before they can arrive. Castaldo 
 writes that he will stop the passages ; but considering the disparity of 
 numbers and the many ways of access, his friends reckon that he will 
 do better to keep himself than to keep the straits. It is said that 
 the French King has lately sent as his Ambassador to Genoa, one 
 Louis Alemanni, a Florentine, who being banished his country by the 
 Emperor, at this time serves France with better will. He came 
 there in a galley, which, on his landing, he immediately sent off 
 again. There were troubles in Genoa, and snme are in prison, and 
 others banished, for practices in hand. Part of Alemanni's commission 
 was to require the city of Genoa to provide victuals for the Turk's 
 army agaiast it should pass by them. They would pay for what 
 victuals they took, and if they were not victualled for their money 
 as friends, they would come as enemies. The Genoese, it is said, 
 will neither have to do with the Turk nor with victualling his 
 galleys, and to-day it was reported that they send away the 
 Emperor's Ambassador, meaning to be lookers on, and to have to do 
 neither with the Emperor nor France. The King of Denmark and 
 the Duke of Brunswick levy troops. They two are like to try it, 
 by fire and sword, whether the Holy Ghost will that the King's 
 youngest brother be Bishop of Bremen, or a son of the Duke. The 
 matter is this : Some time since, by consent of the Bishop, the chapter 
 chose the King's youngest brother to be coadjutor to the Bishop of 
 Bremen. The Duke, angry that such a lump of living has fallen from 
 his family, has been so long in hand with his brother the Bishop, 
 that he would now gladly undo as much as by the chapter and his 
 consent has been done in this matter. The Bishop knows that the 
 King's brother is a very earnest Protestant, and therefore repents of 
 his facility, and would gladly gratify his own brother and benefit his 
 nephew. The strife, therefore, lies between the King's brother and 
 the Duke's son. The Emperor has sent to Denmark and used great 
 entreaty in persuading him to make no new stirs in Germany, like 
 enough thinking there are too many there already ; and he has com- 
 manded the Duke sub poe-na banni not to meddle in the matter ; but 
 the thing is too weighty to be lightly given over. The city and 
 chapter show all their favour to the King's brother. The Emperor 
 has his cumbers on all sides, and begins to look to his friends for aid, 
 as appears by the conversation of J )' Arras with Wotton. His son, 
 the Prince, arrived in Spain on the 11th inst., and Andrew Doria 
 returned on the 25th. Those of Magdeburg be still, as they 
 have been, lusty ; and will yield to no one thing that they have 
 hitherto stuck in. [Four pages.] 
 July 28. 421. Philip-Francis Count-Palatine and Dr. Mount to the Council. 
 Citadel of Thann.On the 11th of June Mount had written to them of the friendly 
 feeling expressed by Frederick the Elector-Palatine during their 
 conference at Strasburg. Since then the Prince -Palatine and he 
 had met by appointment, when the Prince informed him of the 
 Elector's great afiection and sentiments of amity towards the King 
 and the Council, which he desired should be communicated to them 
 by the Prince and Mount. The Elector, of all the other princes of 
 the Empire at the present time, is the worthiest and best, and by 
 virtue of his prudence and long experience, gifted with more fore- 
 
156 
 
 FOREIGN PA.PEES. 
 
 1651. 
 
 July 29. 
 Brussels, 
 
 July 30. 
 
 Strasbiirg. 
 
 sight of events than most people. The vain hope and weariness of 
 deferred promise of acquiring the kingdom of Denmark seems to 
 lead him to seek foioii,ni advice. But in this he is likely to 
 attempt nothing except by the intervention of mutual friends. 
 [Latin. One 'payc.'] 
 
 422. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to the Oouncil. Having heard no- 
 thing farther from Antwerp as to the ships, supposes there be no more 
 stay. Letters state that almost all Transylvania is at the King of 
 the Romans' devotion. Hears that Duke Octavio either mislikes his 
 bargain with the French King, or trusteth not much imto bim, for 
 of late he has refused to receive Pietro Strozzi's troops into the castle 
 of Parma, although all these soldiers have made oath to the French 
 King. Some say, that on the 12th inst. the French King declared 
 war against the Bishop of Rome and all that would assist him, and 
 is sending to Italy 10,000 Swiss, 3,000 Gascons, and 2,000 horse. 
 The Emperor has also sent a good number of men out of Germany 
 into Italy. Skiperus, impotent as he is, is every day either with 
 the Councillors or they with him, and Mons. de Bure amongst them, 
 consulting, as it is thought, either about naval preparations or forti- 
 fying the sea-coast. It is said that several Frenchmen have lately 
 been taken in Holland, going from place to place viewing the 
 strength thereof The Prince of Spain sailed from Genoa on the 
 6th inst. Heard from the French Ambassador yesterday that the 
 Marquis of Northampton and the other Commissioners had tsiken 
 leave of the French King on the 16th inst. [Two pages^ 
 
 4'23. Dr. Mount to Secretaries Sir William Petre and Sir* WilUam 
 Cecil. Refers to his letter to the Council of llth June, and the 
 joint letter by the Prince-Palatine and him of 28th inst., regarding 
 the friendly feelings of the Elector-Palatine. Sees no reason for 
 doubting his sincerity, since, in addition to his natural kindliness 
 of disposition, two principal causes he thinks may be assigned for 
 this good will of the Elector. The first of these is this : the Elector 
 long ago had large promises of having the Kingdom of Denmai-k as 
 dowry of his wife Dorothea, the eldest child of King Christian ; and 
 as he now sees that this hope is deferred, and the Emperor, from 
 whom he looked for assistance in procuring this dowered kingdom, 
 is too much occupied at present (and it is probable his wife urges 
 her aged husband to have the matter settled quickly), therefore 
 Mount thinks he may desire his Majesty's interest for obtaining 
 something out of his long expectations; and because he has no 
 children by his wife (nor by reason of his advnneed )'enrs is likely 
 tn hav(^ any), he may very wisely wisli to surrender what he has in 
 ri^fht of his wife for a pecuniary consideration. Thinks the other 
 cause may be, his grateful recollection of tlie magnificent pension 
 roriiierly bestdwed on Duke Philip, his fraternal nephew, by King 
 Ifeiiry VIII., Mild hi.s lielief, that ns he not only in dignity and 
 honour, but in dced.M, far excels I'hih'p, he may not be considered 
 unworthy of hi.s Maje,-,tv'n L;rnce mikI I'.nonr. Thinks this friend- 
 shi]) should 1){! ro.stcn'd by honouraltlc and kindly expressions, until 
 (ieiniany sliall enjoy a ch'ai'cr atmosphere. Mtigdeburg is still 
 
 Sir, but Cicil wus not knighted till lltli October following. 
 
EDWARD VI. 157 
 
 J551. 
 
 besieged, but it is hoped that an honourable peace will be concluded 
 soon, for all Saxony, and especially the neighbouring places, is much 
 oppressed and exhausted by this war. There is nothing new from 
 Switzerland ; from this part of Germany volunteer soldiers secretly 
 go to France, the Emperor in vain f9rbidding any German soldier to 
 serve under foreign Princes. [Latin. One page.] 
 
 Aug. 4. 42-1!. Dr. Wotton and Sir Eichard Morysine to the Council. 
 
 Augsburg. Either news come not so thick, or they are kept much more secret 
 than heretofore. Perhaps little or nothing has been done recently, 
 as the Imperialists and soldiers of the Bishop are lords of the field, 
 the French at last being taught not to be too busy until either they 
 are more, or their enemies fewer. Here is a plain still, " an husht ;" 
 no noise of anything done of either side. Some say the Bishop has 
 sent again into France, to see if the broil may yet be taken up ; but 
 the continuance of the jar is so provided for, that Octavio is not 
 likely to be brought to any agreement. It is reported that the 
 Turk's navy is gone to Africa : on their way they set upon a town 
 in Sicily, called I'Agosta Nova ; no strong thing, and therefore won 
 the sooner. The Spaniards who kept the castle are slain, and the 
 inhabitants either killed or carried off prisoners. Whether they 
 have left any garrison there is unknown. The Viceroy there has 
 long entreated the Emperor to fortify it. Some think the Turks 
 will go to Malta; others to Tripoli, a strong place, not far from 
 Malta, Africa, or Zei'bi. Men talk according to their bias ; some 
 imagining that there is conference between France and the Turk, the 
 one having no army on the land to succour sea-beaten men, and 
 the other going about enterprises of his own farther off. Others 
 think the Turk came too soon, and has advice to be doing elsewhere 
 till work is made readier to his hand. It has lately been rumoured 
 here that the French should practise to get Avesnes in Hainault by 
 treason. Two days since the French Ambassador had access to the 
 Emperor ; they were loud, and some of the Chamber think it was 
 about this matter. After this talk, the Ambassador forthwith 
 despatched a servant in post to the French King. Letters from 
 Rome mention that the French King gathers for Italy 27,000 foot, 
 under command of Mons. de Thermes, as shall more plainly appear by 
 the inclosure. The French Ambassador has letters from his master 
 mentioning the marriage concluded between the King and the 
 daughter of France, with commission to signify not only that to the 
 Emperor, but whatsoever else told mny serve practices. Think 
 the Emperor did much more look to hear by them how things went 
 than by the French Ambassador. Though the time be past for telling 
 him these news, yet they cannot want time to make the Council's 
 excuse, which perhaps will much better content him than unpleasant 
 news told. " For this Court so frowneth at the towardness of this 
 affinity, that we do not think they mean to dance at the daj' of 
 the marriage." Trust Mr. Vannes' letters come in season. The 
 Emperor is said to be going towards Flanders ; but they must see 
 him a good part of his way, ere they can think he mindeth to do 
 as is said. [Two pages.] Inclosure, 
 
 424. I. " From Rome, \Sth July ISol." Letters from Otranto 
 mention that the Turkish navy took in water at Porto 
 
158 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 Ccaareo, near Otrcmto, and then sailed for the Straits of 
 MensliKt, perhaps for the enterprise of Africa. Antonio 
 Dor la haviiKj sailed on the 3d inst. with 16 galleys, 
 with men and provisions, for Africa, from the island of 
 Uozza, was overtaken during the night by a tempest of 
 iviiid and rain, which drove him, onthe Islcmd of Lampe- 
 duaa, where eight of tloe galleys sank. Of these, three 
 belonged to Doria, viz., La Capitanea, La Speromea, cmd 
 L'Amicitia ; two to the Marquis of Terranova, one to 
 the Lord of Monaco, one to Sicily, and one to Captain 
 Cicada. They say that a great number of the soldiers are 
 lost, the rest saved. From France on the I at inst. they 
 vmte that the King collects for Italy 27,000 foot, of whom 
 M. de Thermes is General. M. D'Aumale will commumd 
 15,000 foot, consisting of French, Gascons, and Picards; 
 M. D'Andelot, 15,000 Swiss; M. de Sattiglione, 1,500 
 men-at-arms, and 2,000 light horse. Pietri Strozzi will 
 command the Italian infantry, and Duke Horatio 
 the cavalry. Duke Octavio has given up the fmtress 
 entirely to the French, and goes into France. Yesterday 
 Signor Astorre Baglione was released, and it seems that 
 Si g nor Adriano, his brother, has been liberaied in ex- 
 change for the Prince of Macedonia, whom the Parmese 
 had captured. \^Italian. One page.] 
 
 August 5. 425. Peter Vannes to the Council. Cardinal Toumon, Mons. 
 Venice. Monluc, and the French Ambassador here have several times been with 
 the Seigniory, representing the great friendship of the French King, 
 how necessary the preservation of Parma and Mirandola is for the 
 welfare of Venice, and how injurious it were should they fall into 
 the power of the Emperor, and requiring the Seigniory to help the 
 furniture of these towns with victuals. Also that they should make 
 a mass of victuals, munitions, and other provisions requisite therefor 
 in some place of their countries, and that aU French soldiers should 
 have free passage. The Seigniory replied that, fiilly appreciating the 
 friendship of the French King and the Emperor, they were i-esolved 
 to preserve neutrality ; that they could not assist Parma and Miran- 
 dola with victuals, as they are comiiclled to make provision from 
 far countries for their own use, and the furnitm-e of divers of their 
 jilaces ; that to suffer any store of provisions and munitions to be 
 made would give offence to the Emperor, to whom they have refused 
 a similar request ; but that the soldiers may freely pass, and shall be 
 supplied with what victuals or neccssai'ies they may need, paying for 
 thi^m honestly in the same manner as do those of the Emperor. Various 
 (ipiiiioiiH iire expressed lus to the teuability of Parma and Mirandola. 
 'I'lie French King has lately sent Signor Aluiso Allemayne [Louis 
 AhtMiuiuii], agentieniMii ofl<"i<irenee, to the Seigniory of Genoa, thank- 
 in;^' them for divers kimliiesm-s shown to some of his men lately pass- 
 ing tiiiougli their tenitorioH, and requiring permission for such other 
 Huliliers as iiiigiit ho neeessiiiy to pii.ss that way. Also that the 
 Hiiid Sij^nor Ahiiso Mhoulil remain as Iiis Ambassador at Genoa, as 
 that hein;^' known to tlu- Frem^ii King's friends, the Genoese might 
 bo more friendly Landlml of the Turk's army. The passage of the 
 
JSDWAED VI. 159 
 
 1551. 
 
 soldiers, on certain days to be appointed, was conceded ; but as the 
 residence there of an Ambassador from France was a new thing not 
 Tised afore, and that erroneous suspicions might be engendered, they 
 required Aluiso with many loving and gentle words to return home 
 again. Paying a private visit to the French Ambassador to-day, 
 was congratulated by him on the increase of ftiendship between 
 France and England. The Ambassador had heard from his master 
 of the conclusion of the marriage between King Edward and his 
 daughter, and of the honourable behaviour at the French Court of 
 the Marquis, whose qualities in aU other things that belong unto a 
 nobleman the King much esteemed. The said Ambassador had 
 received letters from Pietro Strozzi, yesterday, informing him that 
 Mirandola, wherein is M. de Thermes, and Parma are well provisioned 
 for one year ; and that the former place feareth nothing although 
 besieged by the Bishop of Eome's army. Since the taking of Mons. 
 D'Andelot and others, Strozzi has several times made a sortie from 
 Parma, doing much hurt to Don Fernando's camp, and has captured 
 Signer Camillo, a valiant knight of high trust with Don Fernando, 
 on his way to the Bishop of Eome with secret despatches. Strozzi 
 had also encountered a great band of Spaniards, both horse and foot, 
 going from Milan to Don Fernando, killing and taking prisoner a 
 great number, and putting to rout the rest, of whom many were 
 killed by the villains of the country. Great hopes and wishes that 
 the French King may withdraw his allegiance from the Bishop of 
 Rome's Court and laws. [Four pages-l 
 
 August 10. 426. Dr. Wotton to the Council. When he was first sent hither, as 
 Augsburg, it "v^as thought that he would not remain, the warrant for his diets 
 was made only for five months aforehand in prest. These expire 
 to-morrow, and he can henceforth receive no more in advance by the 
 same warrant, without which nevertheless he is unable to live here. 
 Since, therefore, he cannot be at home within the five months, 
 beseeches them to let him have another warrant to receive his diets 
 in prest, for as long time as they think it wiU be ere he can con- 
 veniently be at home : the warrant to begin from the 11th of this 
 month. And whereas his first warrant was directed to Mr. Caven- 
 dish, where, as their Lordships know, is no money to be had, begs the 
 new warrant may be directed to such other place, as he may have 
 the money without any long delay. He could wish some of their 
 Lordships to have been of late Ambassadors in this country, for 
 then they should well know how impossible it is for him to live here 
 with the diets appointed him. Trusts they will so order him herein, 
 as he may be able to bear the charges of this journey. As he under- 
 stands that it is forbidden to carry any money out of the realm, or to 
 exchange any — from which prohibition none, as far as he can hear, 
 are excepted — unless they shall provide that it may be lawful to him 
 to cause money to be sent to him, or to make exchange with such 
 English or Foreign merchants as he shall think meet, he must needs 
 shortly eat his horses, and when they are eaten, die for hunger ; 
 which he trusts their Lordships will not sufier. [One page.} 
 
 August 11. 427. Sir Richard Morysine to Cecil. Most unapt to write long 
 Augsburg, letters at this time, he must desire short and witless be taken in 
 
160 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 good part. Botli at once I Who can lodge such sorrows with so 
 small a warning ? But the Lord's will is the rule that they must go 
 by ; the line that man's felicity is met and marred withal when it 
 pleaseth him. Trusts God's wrath for this time hath his fare, and 
 will tarry for no more. Cecil is where he may comfort the poor 
 motlier. Lady Somerset doth less than due is, if at this time she 
 do not visit the sorrowful. He has lost two sisters, and could have 
 lieen very glad to have found them alive. But they could never 
 have gone so little bewailed. Public loss dulleth the sense of private 
 damage, and calleth his teai-s another way. He would not advise 
 his son Charles to go now, for that he should scarce do justa to him, 
 being elsewhere too too much encumbered. His brother Stephen Hales 
 doth sue for his diets, seeing they are already spent, and twice as 
 much more. Thinks it maketh no matter whether they come, or 
 tarry till better aid may come with them. He cries to Hales to 
 sell land ; leather is dainty, no meat for poor Ambassadors. Thinks 
 Wotton will one day complain ; and then if men do weigh com- 
 plaints aright, Morysine may hold his peace. If Wotton cannot 
 abide his charges, his own reckoning is soon cast. But not knowing 
 where to speak, or how to speed, he will keep all for cries at his 
 home coming. No great honour can it be to others, if it be his 
 shame to come home in debt. Wishes Cecil wealth, or never to he 
 Ambassador, which he thinks the worst occupation under the sun, 
 and wills Charles to be anything else rather than it. [Three pages.] 
 
 August 15. 428. Peter Vannes to the Council. The Turk's army was at 
 Venice. Malta four days, and battered it both by sea and land. They landed 
 a considerable number of men, against whom the Knights of Rhodes, 
 with some of those who kept the suburbs, made a sortie, and defeated 
 the Turks, killing and taking prisoner many of their assailants. 
 Seeing that the place was stronger and better defended than it had 
 been represented to him by Dragut, the Turkish General departed 
 and took the island of Gozo, belonging to the aforesaid Blnights, 
 destroying, burning, and slaying, and carrying off 3,000 persons. 
 Tlience, as is said, he sailed towards Africa. Letters fi"om Malta 
 mention that some of the Turkish prisoners have confessed that their 
 General had orders to attack Corfu, but perceiving how well it was 
 fortified, he durst not meddle therewith. He blames Dragut, upon 
 whose representation that it was easy to be had, he attacked Malta. 
 Letters from Vienna of the 1 st inst. mention that the Turks had 
 made several incursion.s on the frontiers of Himgary, and killed 
 and taken prisoner 8,000 Christians, with a loss of only 200 Turks, 
 'llie King of the Romans niado as great provision as he could of 
 hor.se and foot out of 1 Eungary, Bohemia, and otherparts for defence 
 on that side. The Queen of Transylvania and Petro Vicdii [Petrovitz] 
 worerosolved to surrender tliat kinojdoin, crown and sceptre, to Signor 
 John Baptista Gastaldo for the King of Hungary ;' wliich done, the 
 said (liiHtaldo was to draw himself to tlio dofence of certain passages 
 of Tiunsylvania from the Turk's disi)ioixsui-e, highly conceived for 
 the paid surrondcr. To save cxpunse the Bishop of Rome had 
 licensed tho greater part of his army to depart from Mirandola, 
 ex(e|)ting his horso and :t,000 foot, whieh oi-e stationed in three 
 forts near tho town, whicii he intends to hold in siege all winter ; but 
 
EDWARD VI. 161 
 
 1551. 
 
 the inhabitants being well provisioned and defended have no fear. 
 Four thousand landsknechts have arrived in Don Fernando's camp 
 beside Parma. Much talking here of the marriage between his 
 Majesty and the French King's daughter : had been asked many- 
 questions concerning this and the treaty of peace, but had replied 
 that he had no certain intelligence as the sudden sickness of sweat- 
 ing had let the despatch of many matters. Requests information 
 from England. Incloses the advertisements contained in this letter, 
 written in Italian. [Two pages.] 
 
 Inclosure. [Italian. Three pages.] 
 
 August 15. 429. The Council to Dr. Wottoii and Sir Richard Moi-ysine. Ac- 
 [Hamptun knowledge Wotton's letters of 29th June, and 14th, 21st, and 28th 
 °"'"-' July. Instruct him to refute the rumours spread by the French party 
 in Italy that the treaty between France and England is in express 
 derogation of his Majesty's treaty with the Emperor. Think 
 it very strange that the Emperor, notwithstanding the repeated 
 contradictions and testimony to the contrary by the Lord Treasurer 
 and Lord Paget, should persist in maintaining the permanency of 
 the grant to the Lady Mary for use of her religion. Such grant his 
 Majesty had allowed for a time only, upon the hope that by this 
 forbearing his sister might be reduced to that order of her own good 
 disposition which was universally received of the whole realm. But 
 now of late his Majesty sees, that this long sufferance of her and her 
 family to do manifestly against the laws and common order of the 
 realm, not only works not in her that obedient conformity that his 
 Majesty wished and looked for, but also has of long time been, and 
 yet is, a great occasion of much strife and contention, and a very iU 
 example of disobedience to the rest of the realm. Therefore his 
 Majesty will no longer suffer such, and has sent for the officers of 
 the Lady Mary's house to give them in commandment to see the 
 laws from henceforth sufficiently executed in her house accordingly. 
 And if any chaplain of hers, or any other whatsoever, shall presume 
 after this warning to use the mass, or any other ceremony or service 
 contrary to the laws, they must look to feel the punishment of the 
 laws according to justice. His Majesty also considers the Emperor's 
 demand for his Ambassador in England ,to use the mass, and his 
 denial to suffer his Majesty's Ambassador within his dominions to 
 use the communion, too much unequal and unreasonable ; and there- 
 fore doubts not the Emperor will otherwise consider this matter. 
 Wotton shall farther understand that all the ships of his Majesty's 
 subjects, or which were freighted with any of his subjects' goods, have 
 lately been twice stayed at Antwerp ; and besides that certain edicts 
 there set forth declare sweet wines, spices, and sugars to be com- 
 prehended under the term of victuals. Upon which pretence, the 
 export of victuals being prohibited, the said shijjs were stayed. Desire 
 him to remonstrate- with the Emperor thereon, that the ships be no 
 longer stayed and the traffic be continued with like liberty as hereto- 
 fore. Also to move him again for licence for the export of powder 
 to the King's use. Farther to declare that as the Emperor is well 
 contented Morysine should remain as Ambassador resident, his 
 Majesty determines that he shall so remain, and minding to employ 
 
 li -1- 
 
1(J2 FOREIGN PAPERS, 
 
 1551. 
 
 Wotton otherwise, revokes him accordingly. Thank Morysine for 
 his several advertisements, notify the recall of Wotton, and his 
 Majesty's will that Morysine HliaJl continue Ambassador resident, 
 requiring him to take patience for a while for the supply of that 
 room, which his Majesty says shall not be long. [Draft. Ten pages] 
 
 Two extracts from the preceding in modem writing. [Four 
 pages.] 
 
 Aug. 25. 430. Dr. "Wotton and Sir Richard Morysine to the Council They 
 Augsburg, received on the 22d inst. their Lordships' letters of the 16th, written 
 from Hampton Court, perceiving thereby whom his Majesty willeth 
 forthwith to return home, and whom they leave in good hope that 
 he shall shortly follow : the one as sorry to stay as the other is 
 glad to depart. Wotton expects hourly to have access to the Em- 
 peror ; and Morysine beseeches that if the Emperor's Ambassador be 
 driven by ship to sail for new masses, he may not be left where the 
 communion, else made for the increase of quietness, may breed in 
 him some new troubles. He has already met with his part, and may 
 well spare any new coming troubles. They hear from Italy that 
 Alessandro Vitelli, with 50 of his horse, has been taken at Mirandola 
 in an ambush, into which he was led by a false spy, whom he 
 was accustomed to trust, but who was employed by M. de Thermes 
 to mislead him. Detail the particulars. Much talk in Italy of the 
 marriage concluded between his Majesty and France. They that 
 would the French to seem big, say the league is oflfensive and defen- 
 sive, and embraces Scotland and Sweden, with gieat hope that 
 Denmark will follow. They say M. de Tournon practises with the 
 Venetians, and that the French King has sent the Duke of Ferrara's 
 Ambassador back to his master, not in displeasure, but to make 
 certain offers. " They also add, that one of the covenants between 
 France and England is, that we must return to the true feith of holy 
 Church, as they call it, that is, as we know it, to the bUnd Romish 
 synagogue. Would God the French King were as like to become a 
 right Protestant, as our master is unlike to become a blundering 
 Popistant ! They do what they can, poor honest men, to comfort 
 the side, saving your Lordships' honours, with well-devised Ues, by 
 which they laid their first foundation, by which they set up their 
 pillars, they made their walls, and covered their roofe; by which 
 only, these many years, they have stayed the fabric of their whole 
 state. It may be some friend to France bleareth the Bishop's eye, 
 in scattering these grateful news in Rome." The Turk's navy has 
 taken Gozo, an island near Malta, and is either roturned to Malta 
 or gone to Tripoli. They landed at Gozo nine great pieces of 
 artillery, and battered the castle for thi-ee days continually. At 
 tlioir first shot it is ropdrtod they killed the Governor, a Spaniard 
 of Vah^ntia, and Kniglit of Rhodes. They have ciuried off 6,000 
 Cliristians, with loss of a very few Turks. All men are afraid lest 
 the Turk sliiiU this year get a groat piece of Transylvania. The 
 u\L'.n of Magdtiburg woru iiovor .st.outor, skirmishing with great disad- 
 vantii^f(! to the Mauritians. This month they have been often at it, 
 and slain on one day above 1,000, and on another above 500, with 
 snuiil loss on their side. Duke Maurice is more in love with diets 
 
EDWARD VI. 1G3 
 
 1551. 
 
 than skirmishes, and has called a new one to treat on conditions of 
 peace. The winter is nigh, which is likely to do great harm to the 
 besiegers and little to the besieged. Send a chart of Malta, with 
 Gozo and the adjacent islands (missing). [Four 'pages.'] 
 
 Aug. 28. 431. Peter Vannes to the Council. The Imperial army, consisting 
 Venice. of 4,000 Germans, 2,500 Spaniards, and certain Italians, daily spend 
 and waste all the countries about Parma, so that though the land is 
 fertile, there is likely to be small harvest next year, by reason of 
 such destruction and no preparation of saving being in hand. The 
 Bishop of Rome begins to be weary of his proceedings, as they add 
 nothing to his profit and do not answer his expectations. Sends 
 herewith certain advertisements, which the hasty departing of the 
 courier prevents him from translating. The Seigniory make efforts 
 to bring about peace between the parties, and hearing that the 
 Turk's army intends to remain all winter in the parts of 
 Christendom, have appointed their General, with 48 galleys, to be 
 abroad in their Gulf during the winter for the defence of their 
 places, which will be to them no small cost. [One page.] Inclosure, 
 
 431. I. The Turk's ariny had arrived at Tripoli and summoned 
 the Governor of the castle to surrender, promising to 
 respect life and property, hut were informed that it should 
 he deferided to the utmost in the name of the Grand 
 Master of Rhodes. Whereupon the Turks landed several 
 pieces of artillery and commenced to batter the fort, with 
 what success was not yet known, but there is much fear 
 that, by reason of the strength of the Turks and the weakness 
 of the place, it will he lost, which will he very serious' both 
 to Sicily and all Italy. Letters from France mention 
 that the King had dismissed the Pope's N'uncio, having 
 offered to him with friendly expressions both money and 
 intercourse as Archbishop of Toulon and as member of 
 the house of Triulsi [Trivulci] so attached to his crown, but 
 as N'uncio he must leave, because he would give him no 
 farther audience. Also that in two Councils held in 
 France, the power of the Pope to interfere with ecclesias- 
 tical matters there had been taken away, although his 
 agents might collect as usual ; hut no rem,ittance was to 
 be made to him while this war lasted, to the end that the 
 King should not he combated with his own money. The 
 King likewise was said to he raising 4,000 men-at-arms, 
 and 50,000 infantry, intending to go in pei-son to the 
 relief of Parma. Between the King of France and the 
 close vicinity of the Turk's army, the Pope was in a sad 
 plight and knew not what to do. The Duke of Ferrara 
 was exerting himself to restore peace between the tivo 
 Princes ; and for this end were to be sent to Venice on 
 po/rt of the Pope, De Grassis, the lately created Bishop of 
 Monte Fiascone, and on the part of the King of France, 
 the Prior of Rome. The ecclesiastical electors, viz., of 
 Treves, Mayence, and Cologne, were to go to Trent to the 
 Council. [Italian. Two pages.] 
 
 L 2 
 
164 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 Aucr. 29. 
 
 4S2. John Dominic Panizonus, the Emperor's Secretary, to King 
 Edward "VI. Informing his Majesty of the death of William 
 Panizonus, and requesting that his sons Constantine and Christopher, 
 whom on liis death-bed he had recommended to his Majesty, maybe 
 taken into his soivice. Two of the 'same family, — Francis, a phy- 
 sician, and John Baptist, a valet {do'iuicellue), — had previously died 
 while serving the Crown of England. [Latin. One page.] 
 
 Aug. 30. 433. Sir Anthony Guidotti to the Earl of Warwick. Last Wed- 
 Fontainebleau. ne.sday the 26th inst., in a private interview, the Duke of Guise 
 suggested that, during the trouble between the French and the 
 Emperor, England should arm by sea for the defence of her coast ; 
 whereby the Emperor might be put in some doubt, and yet could 
 have no occasion to be offended. And thus England keeping one 
 side, and the French having a strength on the other, the Emperor 
 would not be too hasty to adventure into the canal between botli. 
 If he may offer an opinion, it would be well to do this, even 
 though they should expend 50,000 or 60,000 crowns, as by such a 
 step they would secure for ever the good will of France. The Duke 
 also mooted a marriage between the Duke of Ferrara's son, who is 
 one of the goodliest young men of all Italy, and the Princess 
 Elizabeth. The Duke of Florence's son is 1 1 years old. If this 
 party were liked, it were an easy matter to be concluded without 
 any excessive dote. [Two pages and a half.] 
 
 Contemporary translation of the above. [Two pages and a half.] 
 
 Aug. 31. 434. Colonel William Wallerthum to King Edward VI. Request- 
 Hamburg, ing his Majesty's interference towards procuring payment from 
 Henry and John Albert, Princes of Magdeburg, and John Margrave 
 of Brandenburg, for a body of cavalry which he had raised for their 
 service ; and begging his Majesty to recommend him to the King of 
 France for employment. [Latin. Three pages.] 
 
 Sept. 1. 43.5. Dr. Wotton and Sir Richard Morysine to the Council On 
 
 Augsburg, the 26th ult. Mons. D'Arra.s, taking to him Malvenda, Dr. Colt, 
 Dr. Hansy, and other men no better learned in law than utterly to 
 set light true religion, summoned before them all the Protestant 
 preachers of this town, and charged them with disobedience to the 
 Emperor's commands in preaching against the Interhn. These men 
 requesteil specific individual charges, as they had all, according to 
 their belief, preached true doctrine, and if any one of them had done 
 otherwise, the rest might be able to clear themselves. Malvenda 
 laid unto them they said no masses in their churchea They replied, 
 they durst say none, being more loth to offend God whom they 
 QUglit not, than ready to ploii-sc men where thoy may not ; that there 
 was gofid scripture for their communion, ami also the use of the 
 Apo.stlcH, who noithor said mass nor heard of any ; and that this was 
 no now fault, for they had used no masses for 14 yeara Farther, 
 tiiat tliey wer(^ ii'iuly to stand to it, that at no time they ought to 
 UHO any. D'Arnm tild tiu-m he and his companions did not sit there 
 for dinpuliiiion, but to obey the Emperor, whose order was that they 
 should liiivii the town in two days, and as soon as they could thereafter 
 leave the enqiire. Mocardus, one of the stoutest of those preachers, 
 
EDWARD VI. 165 
 
 1551. 
 
 said they were free citizens, and desired to appeal to their magistrates. 
 Tliis D'Arras refused ; and as they perceived that in consequence of 
 the Emperor having so handled matters, that in the room of old Protes- 
 tants, new Papists tilled the magistracy, they were like to have mean 
 help at their hands, they were compelled to make oath to depart from 
 the city in two days, and from the empire as soon as convenient there- 
 after, and never to preach in either. They have all gone, in number 
 seven preachers and three deacons. Animadverts upon the Emperor's 
 conduct and his political relations with the Pope. The town is 
 sorely troubled by this event; men and women in a marvellous 
 dump. There are few shops wherein people may not be seen in 
 tears ; few streets without men in plumps, looking as if they had 
 rather do worse than suffer this thraldom. Last Friday there were 
 about 100 women at the Emperor's gates, howling and asking in 
 their outcries where they should christen their children, or whether 
 their children not christened should be taken as heathen dogs ? 
 Where they should marry ? They would have gone into the Em- 
 peror's house, but the Catholic Spaniards kept them out, so reviling 
 and treating them , as they would rather send than come again. 
 Eighty of them went to the residence of the Duke of Wirtemberg, 
 w^ho came the day before to town, with six or seven score men all in 
 harness. The Emperor has doubled his night-watch. For all this, 
 the Papist churches have no more customers than they had ; not 1 
 of the townsmen in some of their greatest synagogues. The churches 
 where Protestants did by thousands at once communicate are locked 
 up, and the people, being robbed of all their godly exercises, sit 
 weeping and wailing at home, and say they w^iU beg among Protes- 
 tants, rather tlian live in wealth where they must be Papists. Three 
 couples, wlio on Thursday last meant to be married at Mocardus' 
 church, have to go to Strasburg to be joined together according to 
 the Protestants' fashion. Christening will perhaps set this town out 
 of time, if some other order be not taken ; there be many babes 
 newly born that lie unchristened, "and shall do so till they meet with 
 such a-s christen in Dutch. The people will have no Latin christening, 
 as they say, till they can understand Latin themselves. In this 
 D'Arras seems to have sought a sacrifice to his father's soul ; for he 
 banished the preachers in the forenoon, and at afternoon had a dirge 
 for his father, it being then a just year since he died. Somewhat he 
 has obtained of the people ; for they that were glad the father went, 
 weep now that his son lives. The Turk's army by land is said to 
 be divided into two parts of 30,000 horse each, on either side of the 
 Danube ; so his Bassa, called Beglier bey, who rules almost all the 
 Turk's dominions in Europe, is like to do harm enough ere this 
 summer is finished. His navy has summoned Tripoli to surrender; 
 letters say the inhabitants have prayed a respite till they may send 
 to the Grand Master of Malta, and have sent out two ships laden with 
 women, children, and old folks, which are reported to have fallen 
 into the Turk's hands. The Grand Master writes that three French 
 galleys have gone to the Turk's army : if so, the French here say 
 they have gone to entreat the Turk's General to be good to Malta ; 
 but they guess nigher the truth who guess quite the contrary to this. 
 The French Ambassador at Venice writes that the Bishop of Rome 
 weepeth water with his eyes, because he has almost as much as he can 
 
166 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 borrow and has lost his revenues in France. " Ah ! " saith he, " in 
 Clement's time Rome lost England, and shall it be said that in Julie 
 the Tiiird's days Rome lost the realm of France ?" He is thougiit 
 ready to incline to the French King upon any reasonable talk, and 
 this many suppose is the greatest cause of the expulsion of the 
 preachers. Farther meaning to gratify the Bishop, the Emperor 
 commands all the villages hereabouts to do the like, and they seeing 
 Augsburg has suffered hers to be banished, think it not convenient 
 to stand on terms with the Emperor. Schoolmasters are also called 
 and must appear very shortly ; it is reckoned a deformation is to le 
 made in them too. The Emperor has written to Straaburg, but, as 
 informed b)' Christopher Mount, although they answered two of his 
 letters, they neither do as he wishes them to do, nor intend to reply 
 to his last one. He has also written to Nuremberg, but they have 
 told their preachers to proceed as usual, and they will either tarry 
 or be banished together. The people of Augsburg must do as foice 
 compels them ; for the Emperor and his brother are said to have in 
 their hands aU the money which the city can lend, and so the lenders 
 must either do as D 'Arras bids them, or they may perhaps forbear 
 their money, with small gain, longer than they would. He has had 
 1,500 gunners and pikes in the town all this year, and has now- 
 ordered in six ensigns of Spaniards, — two of horse and two of foot. 
 It is thought that the Germans shall away, as they talk madly about 
 the banishment of the preachers. Strasburg and Nuremberg are 
 likely to follow the example of Magdeburg and resist England may 
 judge hereby what amity she might expect from the Emperor if 
 occasion served him. It is reported that Sedan and Lumeq, two 
 borderers not far from Mezieres, the one French, the other Imperial, 
 have given occasion of some stir. The French Ambassador has 
 advices from Flanders, that there be a good sort of men up on both 
 sides. As they will play so long at war, it may perhaps at the last 
 follow in good earnest. [Six pages and a half. Partly in 
 cipher, decipliered^ 
 
 Sept. 1. 436. Dr. Wotton to the Council. On the 27th ult. had audience 
 Augsburg, of the Emperor and declared his instructions. The Emperor said in 
 reference to the Lady Mary's matter, that as it was of importance 
 he would think on it and speak with D'Arras, who should com- 
 municate his reply. As to the request for the King's Ambassador 
 to have the communion secretly, the Emperor gave a resolute refusal 
 thereto, and a theological discussion ensued between him and Wotton. 
 The Emperor insisted upon the antiquity and universality of the mass 
 and its divine institution ; Wotton that the use of the communion 
 which they had in England was the old and ancient use of Christs 
 Church, even as they used from the time of the Apostles, and 
 denoimced the service of the mass ns but a modem thing, altered 
 and changed by man's devices from the first institution of it _lhe 
 Emperor said, hd did not wonder they thought so in England now, 
 for they had called to them, and received daily, all the greatest 
 liereticH of tiie time, as Boriinrdine, Bucer, and sucli others who were 
 able to seduce any mini. Wotton replied, that the Emperor might 
 call Brnardine and Bucer, as it pleased him, but in England they 
 were known for groat, wise, learned men, notwithstanding which 
 
EDWARD VI. 167 
 
 1551. 
 
 neither they nor a hundred such could have caused England to alter 
 anything in those matters, unless the truth itself had very plainly 
 appeared to them. What truth, said the Emperor, can appear to 
 the English, that does not appear to the number of learned men of 
 other nations, who are as learned as they ; or what truth can 
 appear to them that the Church of Christ could not see all this 
 while? Finally, after much argument on both sides, whatsoever 
 Wotton cquld say, the Emperor would by no means suffer what he 
 felt to be against his conscience and wovdd offend God. Conceming 
 the arrest of English vessels in the Low Countries, the Emperor 
 said he knew nothing about it ; that the French had stayed some of 
 his subjects' ships at Dieppe, whereupon the French ships were stayed 
 in Flanders ; and unless some English merchants' goods were in these 
 ships, he knew not what it should mean. Wherefore for this, as well as 
 for licence of the powder, he remitted him to D 'Arras for reply, being, 
 as it seemed, either weary of giving audience, having given several 
 that day, or peradventure being somewhat moved with the Lady 
 Mary's matter. Wotton then announced his revocation and the 
 continuance of Morysine as Ambassador resident. On taking leave 
 the EBOperor desired his hearty recommendations to the King, with 
 professions of amity. Next morning Wotton sent to D'Arras, but 
 had answer from him only yesterday. They had a long debate as 
 to the alleged promise made to Dilphius by the Lord Treasurer and 
 Lord Paget touching the Lady Mary, for whom to be permitted to 
 have the use of her religion, the Emperor requires Wotton to request 
 his Majesty. As for the staying of the ships, D'Arras made as 
 strange at it as the Emperor, who, however, will write to his sister 
 the Regent about it. Cannot obtain licence for the powder, not- 
 withstanding aU his earnestness for it with D'Arras, whose excuses 
 are that the King has at present no need of it, and that the Emperor 
 has great need and shall lack for himself, the Turk having opened 
 the war again. That the matters of Parma go still forward, and 
 the Emperor must provide powder for all his frontiers, for Milan, 
 Naples, Sicily, Spain, the Indies, Africa, the Rhodians, Hungary, and 
 for his galleys. On this Wotton observed that if all these countries 
 were to be supplied from the Low Countries, some of them would 
 lack ere it came to them ; and that he thought powder was made 
 in the countries mentioned. D'Arras said it was, but not so good 
 as in Germany and Flanders. Farther parley was wound up by 
 D'Arras declaring that the Emperor, the Duke of Alva, and he had 
 long debated the matter on the preceding day, and found that the 
 Emperor could not spare the powder. Such was the answer ap- 
 pointed to be given to Wotton, who intends in a veiy few days to 
 take his journey homewards. [Six pages.] 
 
 Extract from the preceding in modern writing. [Four pages.] 
 
 Sept. 1. 437. Sir Richard Morysine to Cecil. Is it not possible, that 
 Augsburg, seeing dickers will not be granted, somewhat else, as able to stretch 
 to the payment of his debts as dickers, may be obtained ? StiU to 
 sue, and never to speed, is a life for hope and not fit for an Ambassa- 
 dor, that must have and not still hope to have. He must else 
 make his men learn to hope for meat, and to miss of it. If they bar 
 the Ambassador of massings, and thereupon the Emperor calls for 
 
168 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1561. 
 
 Sept. 3. 
 Augsbiirg 
 
 Sept. -k 
 Brussels. 
 
 Sept. 4. 
 MeluD. 
 
 Sept. 5. 
 Venice. 
 
 Sept, 5. 
 Strasburg. 
 
 him home, prays that he may be called for too, or else they may 
 hope to call when he shall be whore he cannot hear them. Thought 
 it would have been his turn to come home first, but he must 
 til) as he is conuiianded, because he cannot do as he could have 
 desired. Yet he does tliink his abode short here, and Cecil by the 
 next shall do him pleasure to give him some light. He might send 
 his wife a piece of the way, while fair weather lasts. [One page.] 
 
 438. The Emperor Charles V. to King Edward VI. Re-creden- 
 tials of Dr. Wotton. Countersigned by Bavd [Broadside. In- 
 dorfed erroneously I3th.] 
 
 439. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to the Council It is reported 
 that the Bishop of Rome and the Farneses are in communication 
 will small hope of agreement. What the Turk's army has done at 
 Tripoli is not yet known, but it is believed it will winter at Tolne. 
 News have an-ived that the French have captured 17 great hulks 
 going to Spain, richly laden, to the extent of 800,000 ducats ; which 
 news hath dashed the talk of Parma, Magdeburg, and all others. 
 Six ships are lately sent out of Holland to waft the herring fleet, it 
 is said. Letters from Rouen state that the French King appoints 
 a parliament at Paris to determine upon the supremacy of the 
 Church within his own realm. The Prince of Spain is reported to 
 have been in Navarre, where they have sworn and done homage to 
 him. [One page.] 
 
 440. Sir William Pickering to the same. Last Tuesday the 1st 
 instant had received their letters of the 28th July, which thus had 
 bein 11 month on the way. Next day had an interview with the 
 King, and thereafter with the Constable ; of which the details, 
 chiefly on the affairs of the Continent, are minutely narrated. Ke- 
 quests an increase of salary, not having half enough to defray his 
 ordinary expenses, inasmuch as, one day with another, he spends 13 
 or 14 French crown.s, and all that he receives does not amount to 
 seven. [Fourteen pages and a half. Printed by Tytler, Vol i., 
 p. 408.] 
 
 411. Peter Vannes to Francis Yaxley. [Oiu page. Tom per- 
 pendicularly, like the letter from Vannes to the saine party of 2oth 
 July 1551, so as to be unintelligible^ 
 
 442. Christopher Mount to the Council. The continuation of the 
 Council summoned for the 1st of September at Trent is deferred by 
 tlie efforts of the Emperor. The Bishops of Treves and Mentz 
 have arrived there ; those of Cologne, Strasburg, Besan9on, and 
 Constance are daily expected ; and almost all the German Bishops 
 are forced to go to them by Iniperinl mandate. On the other 
 hand, Duko Maurice and tho Klectov of Brandenburg and their 
 theologianH, witli somo lenrned in tho law. The theologians of 
 Wittenberg have lately drn\\n up a confession of faith, which has 
 1i(!cn r('ceiv(Hl and authoiized by a groat number of Saxon theo- 
 logians and preachers. In Uppi>r (Jermany, Brentzen, with the 
 assent of till' divines of Tubingen and Strasburg, has also prepared 
 a el)nfe^^Hi(lll, whieli has been signed and approved by the Duke ot 
 
EDWARD VI. 169 
 
 1551. 
 
 Wirtemberg and the community of Strasburg, and now theologians 
 on both sides in tbe dominions of Duke Maurice agree that out of 
 both one confession shall be formed, to be exhibited to the Council 
 and defende,d to their utmost. The Duke of Wirtemberg, and Stras- 
 burg take up the subject warmly, but Nuremberg, Augsburg, and 
 Ulm are very remiss and cool on the matter. De Fresne is said to 
 be sent by the Frencli King to the maritime cities, and Maurice to 
 have interceded for easier conditions of peace to the people of 
 Magdeburg. But the Emperor holds to his first determination. The 
 treaty between England and France will produce much good if 
 persisted in. The question of the Duchy of Wirtemberg is still 
 unknown, but the result, it is feared, will be very grievous to the 
 Duke. [Latin. One page and a half.] 
 
 Sept. 8. 443. Sir Richard Morysine to the Council. Last Sunday Wotton 
 Augsburg, departed for England. Tarries his good hour, still looking for the 
 delightful letters that shall call him to follow ; meanwhile will most 
 willingly carry hods in Egypt, till it shall seem to their wisdoms time 
 to call him into the land of promise. Beseeches them to remember 
 that though the skies in these parts afford plenty of frost, cold, and 
 snow, yet there falls no manna whereon to feed, but such as ready 
 money fetches out of the market; a cater that had been out of his 
 service seven months agone, but that he finds such as will lend, and 
 he is afraid they shall be driven to seek such as be able to pay. Their 
 Lordships must pardon need ; he has so oft put his suits in the latter 
 end of his letters, and seen them speed so evil, that he has now 
 changed their place, and hopes their honours at the last will help to 
 change his luck. The Emperor sends Don Giovanni Manricha [Man- 
 rique], master of his household, to Rome ; some think to keep the 
 Bishop that he start not, as one Aveary of the wars, others to reply to a 
 letter which the Nuncio would deliver into the Emperor's own hands. 
 Some think the Emperor has been the Bishop's broker, and doth 
 appoint round chapmen for a good sort of his hats. Friday next, if 
 there be no new lets, the Duke of Alva leaves this for Spain. The 
 Duke of Wirtemberg was nearly at a point for his fine, but when all 
 was agreed upon, D'Arras, from the Emperor, wished him to expel 
 from his duchy Brentius and all others who preached against the 
 Interim. The Duke replied that even were he as willing as the 
 Emperor to expel them, it was not in his power to do so, unless he 
 could expel all his subjects with them ; and that if the preachers had 
 not stayed his country from rebellion better than the Spaniards who 
 were garrisoned there, it had been wrong with the Spaniards ere 
 this time. Last week the magistrates here ordered that all chris- 
 tenings and marriages should be celebrated at the parish church, 
 and the parties thereafter hear a mass ; and during the last three 
 days five or six marriages have taken place by a species of compro- 
 mise on either side. The priests obtain licence for parties to marry 
 without massing, contrary to the magistrates' order ; and then the 
 priest wins this again, and those who have to marry wait at the 
 church door till the priest fetch them in, and as he casts on them at 
 their entry holy water, so they wipe it off as if it were horse-dashings. 
 They that marry are content he cast his water, and he that casts it 
 
170 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 is content they wipe it away. At first he much mistrusted lest haste 
 in marrying would cause many here divorce from right religion ; but 
 a good number of their English priests have come to the sweet of the 
 gospel, content to eat flesh on fi»h days, and taking pain to marry with 
 tlu'ir heart. But these will no mass as yet, and since the magistrates 
 already dispense with iiuii, mass is like to be heard of no more tLan 
 were wont to hear it. Libels against the Emperor, D'Arras, and the 
 magistrates have Ixsun posted on the door of the Council house, and 
 1 ,000 crowns reward hns been offered for the discovery of the makers 
 of these pasquils. Some horsemen quartered at Frankfort are reported 
 to be making towards Italy ; but because the landsknechts have 
 made foul work in the Venetian territories, for which no redress can 
 be had, it is thought that the Venetians will not allow them to pa«s. 
 The Bishops of Treves and Mentz have come to Trent, and find the 
 Council deferred until the 11th of October. The French King has 
 sent his Ambassador thither to protest that none of his shall come to 
 this Council. There is much talk of 16 Flanders ships taken by the 
 French on the coasts of Britain ; tit which the Emperor smoketh, 
 the prize being reported to be worth to the French as good as 
 800,000 crowns. The matters of Lumeq grow greater every day. 
 Prince Doria, who was sent to Spain, as they would make men 
 believe, to fetch Maximilian and his wife, was by tempest driven to 
 strike at Nice, after at Villafranca, then at Savona, and is now 
 returned to Genoa. They say he has come for more military ammu- 
 nition, and retired not so much from tempest sa to avoid the French 
 galleys that were abroad and seemed inclined to show fight. His 
 mission is said by some not to be to Spain, but to see that the 
 French ships land no Gascons in Italy ; and then Maximilian has a 
 time either to play or complain him in, being kept in Spain when his 
 father's state and his whole inheritance is beset with perils on all 
 sides. Suspicious men guess worse than he hopes there is cause, 
 and much mislikeas well that Gastaldo, the darling of Mons. D'Arras, 
 should be all the doer for Ferdinando, as that now MaximiUan is so 
 far from his father. The Turk's army is before Tripoli, wherein are 
 50 Knights of Rhodes and soldiers, as many, it is said, as the place 
 can well hold, and threaten to give no quarter, if they have to take it 
 by force. Various speculations as to the Turk's proceedings in i-espect 
 to Transylvania and Christendom : his numbers are five to ona 
 Some of the soldiers going from the Tyrol to the King of the Romans 
 have been drowned in the Danube. From Italy it is written that 
 Strozzi, mistrusting that Octavio and Horatio should wax weary of 
 the wars, and afraid of the murmuring of the Parmese for want of 
 better help, had advertised the French King thereof, who immediately 
 wrote most gentle letters to the brethren, stating that aid was at 
 hand. The Duke of l'"errara labours his utmost to bring mattere to 
 an accord ; but the King by his letters has hindered more in a 
 moment than the Dake has wrought in a month. He wrote similar 
 letters to tho inhabitants of Parma and Mirandolo, which were read 
 in the market places with sound of trumpet, and have made the 
 people content to abide the chances of the war. Alessandro Vitelli 
 was not taken, but a nephew of liis was slain. He and Gamillo 
 Orsino arc at variance, and both ai-e gone to Rome. For six months 
 
EDWARD VI. 171 
 
 1551. 
 
 there has been practising for a truce : Camillo furthereth it as far as 
 
 he can ; Vitelli will have the war continue. The former is suspected 
 
 to favour France ; the latter is known to be wholly Imperial During 
 
 their absence at Rome the French have oftened skirmished successfully. 
 
 The Bishop's men are ill paid their wages ; of late on his side was 
 
 slain the only son and heir of Count Guido Rangone, not more than 
 
 16 years old. His young cousin, who now serves the King's Majesty 
 
 [Pallavicino], has a good turn by it, as he will succeed to all the 
 
 Count's goods and lands, the latter of which is counted better than 
 
 5,000 or 6,000 crowns 'per ann. A friend sent Ferrante a fine horse, 
 
 ' valued at 300 or 400 crowns. Captain Goyto met the person who 
 
 had charge of it, and sent him to Ferrante without the horse, with a 
 
 message that as the animal was young and unwayed, he intended 
 
 to break him for Ferrante. Ferrante, enraged, sent for the horse, 
 
 and was answered that as the horse was better than he took it for, 
 
 Goyto meant to keep it for his own saddle. Ferrante again sent, 
 
 saying that if the horse was kept from him, he would sent Goyto's 
 
 nephew, whom he had in prison, to the galleys. Goyto bid him 
 
 take heed he did not so, for if he did the 90 Spaniards whom Goyto 
 
 held prisoners should be all hanged in fair array upon the walls of 
 
 Parma. Spaniards in detachments of 30 and 70, more or less, come 
 
 hither apace : for although the people are as quiet as any people can 
 
 be, these are afraid of stirs. A friend has just informed him that 
 
 letters have arrived from Andrew Doria mentioning that the French 
 
 King has proclaimed war against Spain at Marseilles. The Court is 
 
 fuU of these news, which God send to be true ! Had sent to the 
 
 French Ambassador, who says he has no letters from France, and 
 
 knows nothing of the matter beyond this report. l_Seven pages. A 
 
 few words in cipher, deciphered.] 
 
 Sept. 12. 444. Peter Vannes to the Council. Had received their two several 
 Venice. letters in favour of Captain Spinola and Sebastian Cabot, and as 
 regarded the former had declared unto the Seigniory at length his 
 honest qualities and good service done to the King's Majesty, whereby 
 he has deserved his Majesty's good will, opinion, and estimation, and 
 also that his service had not been unrecompensed. The Seigniory 
 for his Majesty's sake will at all times, as occasion shall serve, show 
 to him any friendship or favour in any his affairs and honest requests. 
 Spinola is well esteemed here amongst divers gentlemen and men of 
 reputation, and makes veiy good report, and that worthily, of Eng- 
 land. Touching Sebastian Cabot's matter, concerning which the 
 Venetian Ambassador had also written, he has recommended the 
 same to the Seigniory, and in their presence delivered to one of their 
 secretaries, Baptista Ramusio, whom Cabot put in trust, such 
 evidences as came into his hands. The Seigniory were well pleased 
 that one of their subjects by service and virtue should deserve tlie 
 Council's good will and favour ; and although this matter is above 
 50 years old, and by the death of men, decaying of houses, and 
 perishings of writings, as well as his own absence, it were hard to 
 come to any assured knowledge thereof, they have commanded 
 Ramusio to ensearch with diligence any way and knowledge possible 
 that may stand to the said Sebastian's profit and obtaining of right. 
 By the inclosure their Lordships shall perceive such occurrents as be 
 
172 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 known liere. Tlie Bishop of Rome endeavours to make peax» by 
 means of the Venetians and the Dukes of Florence and Ferrara; but 
 lie haa kindled more fire than he at this time can well quench. 
 Andrew Doria, on his way to Barcelona with 20 galleys slenderly 
 accompanied, was encountered with 33 galleys of the French King, 
 anil constrained to retire to Nysa, being protected by the ordnance 
 of the castle from the French galleys ; which, it was said, made sail 
 towards Narbonne. Doria diligently seeks by means of the Viceroy 
 of Naples and the Duke of Florence to increase his fleet and proceed 
 on his voyage ; but it is thought that, rather than expose himself 
 and his company to the danger of the Turks and French, the King 
 of Bohemia would take the pains to go about and pass over to 
 Flanders by the Spanish seas by England away. The war being 
 commenced in Piedmont, Don Fernando has proceeded thither, leav- 
 ing the Marquis of Marignano and the landsknechts about Parma. 
 The Seigniory had desired their Ambassador to offer congratulations 
 on the alliance between France and England. The Turks daily send 
 men and money to Hungary. Can say no more respecting Dudgeon, 
 who will shortly make answer himself, being towards his journey, if 
 his long sickness and weakness do not let him of the same. Desires 
 to know their pleasure as to his going to Lucca, being thereunto 
 provoked by the ruin and decayment of his poor inheritance there. 
 [Four pages.] A n nexed, 
 
 m. I. "Advertisements from sundry places." Letters from 
 Rome of 5th September mention the fwmal protest of the 
 King of France against the proceedings of the Council. 
 Letters from the Grand Master announce the surrender at 
 disrrclion of Tripoli ; that M. D'Aramon had saved 200 
 incii of note, besides knights and other people, and sent 
 them in safety to Malta; that tlie rest of the soldiers, in 
 n umber about 500, were piU in chains, and other's fit for 
 the oar impressed. The Turkish fleet had gone to Zerhi, 
 lohence they had despatched a frigate, some say to Touloiu 
 The French King is reported to bring many from Nor- 
 mandy in 20 new galleys, and the King of Algiers to 
 have offered to the said King his 1 2 great ships. From 
 Mantua on the 6th they write tliat in Piedmont the Fi-ench 
 have occupied S. Damian in the tcrntory of Montferrat, 
 as well as Brusasco [Bricherasco], Salugea [Salmzo], 
 Monteglio, and two other places ; they have also attempted 
 to carry Gherasco by asaault, but have been itpeUed 
 with great loss. [It((liau. Three j^gos-] 
 
 Sept. 1 5. i'iS. Sir Richard Morysine to Secretory Sir (sic) WilUam Cecil. 
 
 Aug«burg. More than he has said to Cecil and othei-s, he cannot devise what 
 ho should say. It is smnll reason that because his diets are scarce 
 able to bear half his charjfos, that he shall by no suit be able to get 
 tliem. May it be possible that he who could not live his chosen 
 mean life at liome without yearly running farther and farther into 
 dubt, can live honi like a King's Ambassador of his own revenues? 
 Tills matter is too testy for him quietly to write of it. Let him not 
 be every way ashamed ; let him be able either to follow the Emperor, 
 
EDWARD VI. 173 
 
 1551. 
 
 seeing he was sent to wait upon him, or else let him be called home. 
 It is now thought certainly he will go into Flanders ; all men are 
 warned to be ready by the 24th of this month. It is well that they 
 warn not Ambassadors, for he thinks if he were warned he should 
 scarce be ready to go, if he went not before he had made even with 
 his creditors before Easter. For in that space he may chance sell 
 as much land as will pay others all, and leave him nothing. His 
 brother Stephen has made Cecil a fault ; desire to do things well 
 forced him to it, knowing none more wilhng to speed Morysine's 
 matters than Cecil. There was time enough between his sisters' 
 death and Stephen's coming to Cecil, or if there were not, prays for 
 his sake Cecil will pardon the fault. Malit eum culpam deprecari 
 quam pat) ocinari Prays he may have his diets shortly, else will 
 think that Cecil is also angry with him. 
 
 Oct. 6. P.S. These letters have been at Venice, and so have those that he 
 
 sent, or at least meant to send to the Council. Is glad, seeing it 
 was evil, that it happened no worse. Thought they had been taken 
 up by the way. Now they shall to Inspruck, and so, if the Em- 
 peror continues his purpose, into Italy. He may not neglect his 
 things there ; they are too great to be lost without fighting. France 
 has the hand, hold it if he can. The Emperor seems to mean an 
 earnest war and a lasting enmity. Shall Morysine go into Italy 
 with neither money nor credit ? Entreats Cecil to obtain from the 
 Council letters to Schore, or to whom they will, that he may freely 
 borrow as much always as double his diets come to, for he is past 
 the single already, and that will not serve. If he does not pay 
 what he has borrowed shortly, he must seek new creditors. Can 
 Cecil and all his friends devise no ways to keep him above the 
 hatches ? He would send his wife home, but he has neither to keep 
 her here, nor to send her from hiin. His friends shall have much 
 ado to seem so to her, if his life and hers continue in this pickle that 
 it has been in these six months. [Three pages.] 
 
 Sept. 15. 446. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to the Council. Does not think 
 Brussels, that the report of the Emperor's coming hither shortly is likely to 
 be true, since by his having expelled the Protestant preachers 
 lately, whereby all Germany is stirred, he will not probably be well 
 received. Inclines to believe it has been set afloat in the hope of 
 inducing the French King to withdraw his forces from Piedmont, 
 where they are said to have taken two castles, and are about a town 
 called Asti. Some say war is already proclaimed at Marseilles. The 
 Emperor is reported to have sent the Duke of Alva to Spain, and 
 Don John Manrique, one of his stewards, goes to the Bishop of 
 Rome. The garrison of Magdeburg, he is informed, has lately made 
 a victorious sortie on their enemies ; but the people here say the 
 garrison had the worst of it. Little is said of Parma and Mirandola. 
 Skiperus is still in Zealand and Holland, and it is said that he and 
 M. de Bure have already sent 10 ships of war to the sea to conduct 
 the herring fleet home ; but some report that the French have been 
 before and taken 40 vessels laden with herrings. Other 12 ships 
 of war are rigging out of Holland. This forenoon about 11 
 o'clock the French Ambassador was arrested, and is confined to his 
 
174 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 residonoe under the charge of the Queen's guard. [Two pages. 
 Directed, " Haste, post haste, haste, haste, haste for thy life. Cito, 
 dto, dto."] 
 
 So])t. 20. 4 47. Christopher Mount to Secretaries Sir William Petre or Sir (sic) 
 stiiisburg. William Cecil. Is aware that they have been informed by Morysine 
 of the banishment of the preachers from Augsburg and its neigh- 
 bourhood. This has caused great dissatisfaction among the people. 
 Its probable effects on the Council and future results. [Latin. 
 Half a page. Mutilated, and injured by damp.] 
 
 Sr-pt. 20. 44J8. John Brigantyne to the Council The report that Lazarus Von 
 j.uiKDburg. Schuendi, colonel and commissary of the camp before Magdeburg, had 
 been taken prisoner by the citizens, is incorrect. The Marquis of 
 Nuremberg, or Anspach, has been ordered by the Emperor to have 
 no communication with the enemy, or to receive any writings from 
 them, and to avoid their skirmish unless forced thereto. They have 
 mounted several large pieces of artillery on a church in the new 
 city or suburbs, which does much injury to the city, because they 
 flank the chief streets longwise. Their Lordships shall shortly better 
 understand this by a plat, or description of the city and camp, which 
 Cortpfening by means of his acquaintance has aclueved, and intends 
 to present to his Majesty and them. This and the adjacent cities 
 have received two strict injunctions from the Emperor to obey the 
 Interim, published at Augsburg in 1548. This they must eiflier 
 embrace, or defend themselves and their neighbours before Magde- 
 burg, and, as he nnderstands, they will utterly refuse obedience ; 
 wherefore on Monday next, the 21st, one of the principal persons of 
 each city will meet at Lubeck. There is sharp sickness in the 
 camp before Magdeburg; they are three months unpaid, so that 
 among them is much misery. There are 24 ensigns, and in each not 
 200 able persons. Count Mansfeldt's two ships, mentioned in his 
 letter of 27th ult., have sailed from Hamburg ; each of 100 tons, 
 thoroughly furnished for the wars. [OTie page.] 
 
 Sept. 20. 449. The Council to Sir William Pickering. Although to avoid 
 precedent it is not considered expedient to increase his allowance, 
 yet it is intended that he shall be looked upon otherwise. Desire 
 him to ascertain in what manner and at what time the French 
 Ministers propose the ratifications of the late ti-eaty shall be ex- 
 changed. Also to inform the Constable that the King has grant«i 
 permission to the Queen Dowager of Scotland to land in any of his 
 ports, and to pass through the realm to Scotland. His Majesty is 
 in good health, and the kingdom in good order, and so likdy to con- 
 tinue with good heed taken thereto. A new and just coinage will 
 shortly be issued. [Thnr pages. Draft] 
 
 Soi)t. 22. 450. Sii- Kichard Morysine to Cocil. If Cecil has leisure, prays 
 AuKxhurB. flliortly to liavo some inlding what he shall do ; whether he has to 
 tarry any long time, or shortly to como away. Does he think, 
 though (lic^kcrs do not come, anything else may be sued for? Can 
 Cecil liclp his friend to uothin>,' ? Is sony if he cannot, knowhig 
 hiH good will. Money is shrunk in this town ; those that make the 
 wars will let men of peace enjoy but that they have already bor- 
 
EDWARD VI. 175 
 
 1651. 
 
 rowed. Money is now at 25 on the 100 better than himself. Must 
 have his own sent him in season, else it may chance to do him but a 
 little pleasure. Thinks they reckon at home that he has found some 
 treasure, that they think he can live without his diets. Has prayed 
 Cotton to take some pains to solicit ; hopes small suit will serve, 
 and yet he that has so long sued, and still must, may fall in error in 
 thinking due easy to be come by. Is sure Cecil might in a month 
 steal one quarter of an hour to write a few lines this way. Are all 
 his desires so great that he is to be barred of them all ? Neither 
 dickers, nor diets, nor letters, nor any kind of comfort ? He still 
 looks for Francis ; if he does not come, prays he may hear some- 
 what from Cecil. Mr. Cheke, Mr. Wrothe, and everybody has so 
 much to do with themselves, that he can be no man's care but his 
 own. Beseeches he may see that he has some one that thinketh 
 him, for pity's sake, worthy to be comforted. [Two pages.] 
 
 Sept. 29. 451. The Council to Sir William Pickering. His Majesty having 
 Hampton Court, resolved in compliment to the French King to hold the Feast of 
 St. Michael, liad invited the French Ambassador, who came here last 
 night, and has been very well entertained both by the King and the 
 Council. " This day he was present in the chapel at the whole 
 service of the communion, where he saw the King's Majesty reve- 
 rently with us of his Council communicate the sacrament, wherein 
 as we perceive he seeth and understandeth great difference betwixt 
 our reverence in our religion and the slanders thereof usually spread 
 by evil men." He dined with his Majesty in the privy chamber, 
 and at a Council held thereafter preferred a request from his master 
 touching regulations to be made for the trade in wines between 
 France and England, which would serve to the mutual advantage 
 of these countries. Inform him of the points thereof to enable him 
 to confer with the Constable thereon. [Three pages and a half. 
 Braft.] 
 
 Sept. 452. Notes of " Occurrents out of the French Court" by Sir Anthony 
 
 Guidotti. The greater portion of the French nobility and members 
 of the clergy, including four Cardinals, are presently at the Court, con- 
 sulting as to the affairs of Rome. The Duke of Ferrara, his brother 
 the Cardinal, and the Cardinal of Tournon, have endeavoured by 
 favour of the Venetians to make an agreement between the Pope and 
 the French King ; their success is doubtful. Mirandola and Parma 
 are besieged ; the former very closely. Both are well provisioned till 
 May. The Vidame of Chartres is appointed Captain of the light 
 horse, and M. de Thermes captain-general of the infantry, 25,000 in 
 number. The Turk has abandoned the siege of Malta, finding its 
 castle impregnable. His troops are now before Tripoli, and their 
 future movements are uncertain, but it is commonly supposed they 
 will not return to Constantinople this year. Poulin [De la Garde] 
 has beat the Flemings at sea, and captured 19 large ships laden with 
 brass ordnance, sent by the Emperor from Germany for the defence 
 of Spain. A person of note is hourly expected here from the Em- 
 peror ; his name and the object of his mission unknown. The 
 Burgundians have ravaged the frontiers of Picardy, to the great 
 . offence of the French King, whom, if the war proceeds, it is said 
 
176 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 Oct. 3. 
 
 Rome. 
 
 Oct. 6. 
 
 Venice. 
 
 Oct. 8. 
 Melan. 
 
 the Emperor intends to invade by Flanders, Burgundy, Narbonne, 
 and Piedmont. In 15 or 20 day.s the French King is able to bring 
 into the fkld 50,000 men, and 14,000 or 15,000 cavab-y in defence 
 of France ; and he is in no want of troops for Italy. The Parmese 
 liavo taken prisoner Count Camillo Castiglione, whom Don Fernando 
 had sent as Ambassador to the Pope with instructions of great im- 
 l)ortance. The Romans liave already built three or four forts in the 
 vicinity of Mirandola. Tlie Regent makes great warlike preparations 
 in Flanders. [Five pages. Italian two ; French three.] 
 
 Contemporary abstract of the above in English. [Two pages 
 and a half.] 
 
 ■i'>". " Intelligence from Ital)'." Doriaand the Duke of Alva left 
 Genoa on the 24tli ult. with 30 galleys well appointed, resolved to 
 give battle to the French if they shall meet them. Strozzi has left 
 the King's service, owing to the Constiible's son having been 
 appointed Admiral, and has gone to Corsica, on his way to Malta to 
 serve his religion. Here is Don Giovanni Manrique with Don Diego, 
 sent by the Emperor to apprize his Holiness of the causes which have 
 induced him to leave Germany and go to Flanders, to urge the 
 affairs of the Council, and the promotion of Spaniards to the Cardi- 
 nalate for the advancement of his interests. Cardinal Veralli goes 
 to France. A great skirmish at Mirandola has been attended with 
 loss to the Papal forces. The Swiss Guard is to be removed. John 
 Baptista is battering Mirandola. [Italian. Two pages.] 
 
 454. Giovanni Francisco Agatone to Peter Vannes (?). Parma is 
 free from siege in consequence of the departure of Don Fernando to 
 Piedmont. Pietro Strozzi left this for France on Sunday, in order, 
 it is said, that the Duke of Florence may entertain no jealousy of 
 his being here. Letters from Genoa state that the Prior of Capua, 
 feeling aggrieved by the Grand Constable appointing his nephew 
 General of the fleet, had departed with two galleys, and gone to 
 Malta. The Turk has ordered his fleet to return to Constantinople 
 and disarm, which has induced the Seigniory to recal their fleet also. 
 [Italian. One page. Indorsed by Cecil, " Advertise^nent of Italie."] 
 
 455. Sir William Pickering to Cecil. Writes to him both in 
 French and English, hoping to induce Cecil to write ; if neither of 
 these two languages can purchase two lines fi-om his hand, will think 
 himself little in his grace. Has detained Francis, the courier, three 
 days to no avail, expecting to have had some news of this Cardinal 
 Verallo* Romano, on whom he invokes la YeroU Fmiifam 
 for not having yet arrived. Desires that he may remember the 
 monoy due lor the post, and the pns.iport for John Lord Ersfane, 
 with Ji train of 20 persons, cdnccrning which he had written. Had 
 been iionourably entertained by the King and the Constable at the 
 recent feiust of St. Miehnel, which was held at Bois de Vincennes, and 
 •• itudurod for three days, very solemnly celebrated with the presence 
 of many Poi)iHh prelates, and consecrated with a company of un- 
 
 * Jcioiiio Veralli, n lloraon, Binliop of Porto, promoted in 1549 ; ob. 1555. 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 177 
 
 1551. 
 
 Oct. 9. 
 Brussels. 
 
 Oct. 10. 
 Venice. 
 
 comely Cardinals, seeming by their countenances to care more for the 
 custom than for their corpus Domini. At last with divers benedic- 
 tions and many cumbersome courtesies this pageant was played ; 
 and the matter ended witli a masking mass of Romish regimen." 
 [One page and a fmlf. The first portion in French. Indorsed by 
 Cecil.] 
 
 456. Copy proclamation by the Emperor Charles V. prohibiting 
 commercial intercourse with France and her allies. [French. Nine 
 pages.] 
 
 457. Peter Vannes to the Council. Letters from Genoa of 30th 
 September state that the Prior of Capua, brother to Pietro Strozzi, 
 and General of the French King's army, considering himself dis- 
 honoured by the said King sending to Marseilles the Grand 
 Constable's son to occupy the room of General held by the Prior, 
 had left the King's service, and gone to Malta with only two of 
 his galleys. An additional cause is assigned for his departure, 
 especially in this time of service ; viz., that he had discovered a 
 conspiracy against his person by a gentleman of France and one 
 Captain John Baptista Corso, whom he caused to be slain, and for 
 self-preservation had gone to Malta. Hearing of this Pietro Strozzi 
 has left Parma and gone with all diligence to the French King, 
 for the purpose, it is supposed, of having his brother recalled to 
 his room and the conspirators against him punished. Sends here- 
 with copy of a letter from the Prior to his brother Pietro Strozzi. 
 Letters of the same date from Asti, in Piedmont, mention that the 
 French troops there are increased to 12,000 infantry, that 250 celates 
 had lately arrived, and a considerable number of horsemen were 
 daily making incursions greatly to the damage of the Imperialists. 
 Don Fernando is at Asti, somewhat evil disposed of his health and 
 travail of mind, by reason that he is not so well furnished of men as 
 is necessary, and a number of the Spaniards are diseased with sick- 
 ness, seeing on the other side tlie daily increase of the French and 
 the fortifications made by them upon Chieri and St. Damian and 
 other places. Taking advantage of the departure of some of the 
 Imperialists to Piedmont, and the temporary absence of the rest, the 
 Parmese have laid in large quantities of corn, wine, and other neces- 
 saries. The Pope's men are still about in Mirandola, divided into 
 three or four forts. The Seigniory have recently heard from Zante 
 that the Turk's navy, constrained by tempest, had left and made for 
 Constantinople, having with them the pirate Dragut. The " gross 
 galleys " of the Seigniory going to the Levant had met the Turk's 
 navy and presented to them divers silks to the value of 2,000 crowns, 
 and so friendly were suffered to depart in their voyage. The Vene- 
 tian Ambassador writes from ConsLancinople of the 3d ult., that the 
 Turk has given them licence to export from his jurisdiction as much 
 wheat as they wish, and for the furniture of their estate therewith is 
 all their desire. The Steward of the Emperor's household is at Rome, 
 and much cherished by the Bishop thereof, whom in the Emperor's 
 name he labours for a new mutual league, defensive and offensive, 
 generally against all Princes. To this the Bishop is likely to agree. 
 He also labours that the Bishop should with all diligence set forth 
 
 M 
 
178 . ■ FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 the matters of the Council, to which the Emperor has ab-eady sent 
 (Ihers j;ii!at personages, and also that he should create such a num- 
 ber of Imperial Cardinak as should be always superior to the French 
 part iu anything' that sliould happen to be done in that Court, or 
 olso in making of a new Bishop mde vacante. Touching this last 
 l)oint the lUshop is not wliolly resolved. He sends 1,000 more men 
 to the siege of Mirandola. Don Diego prepares 2,000 Spaniards to 
 bo sent to Parma, and Mons. de Thermes is understood to have gone 
 theii' from Ferrara, in consequence of Pietro Strozzi's departure pre- 
 viously mentioned. The Emperor lately told the Venetian Ambaa- 
 sador that by the latter end of this month he will have in Italy 
 ^■i.OOO foot and 2,000 horse, with other great words ; and for that 
 purpose the Cardinal of Trent's brother haa begun to levy men in 
 the Tyrol. The Venetians will persist in their neutrality. [Three 
 pages.] Annexed, 
 
 457. I. Copy of letter from the Prior ofGapua to his brother, 18th 
 September. Has been obliged to quit the French Kim^s 
 service for the reasons to be given by the bearer, Qiovanni 
 Capponi. Leaves with his own galley a/nd a/nother vessel 
 which he had captured at the beginning of the war and 
 was given to him, by the King. Has regard to his ovm 
 honour and tliat of his fa/mily. Takes with him, Captain, 
 Mm'etto, and his intention is to make war agamst the 
 Infidels in the service of his religion. [Italian. One page.] 
 
 457. II. " Diversi Avisi;^' containing the information detailed 
 in the letter from Vannes, with the addition that the Duke 
 of Alva had sailed from Genoa on the 24<A of September 
 ivith 30 galleys very wdl armed, and more tJian usually 
 so, in expectation of having to engage the French fleet, 
 which was supposed to be fitting out at MarseilUs for the 
 purpose of attacking him,. [Italian. Three pages.] 
 
 Oct. 13. 458. Sir Richard Morysine to the Council This day, or to- 
 Augsburg. morrow at latest, the Emperor was expected to go towards 
 Inspruck, the rather because the greater part of his stud, with his 
 harness and pavilions, are on their way thither, and the Marshal and 
 harbingers left five days ago. Notwithstanding his departure is pro- 
 longed for six days, when he will indeed go if there are no more lets. 
 It is supposed that he intends once more to attempt the coadjutor- 
 ship, and is in great hope to bring it to pass. The Turks are reported 
 to have taken a town in Hungary called Beghe, and cut in pieces 
 the most whom they found in it. It is also said that the Busaam, 
 a ])(!()pli! who were under the Vaivode, and had promised obedience 
 to the Kiiif,r of the Romans, liavo rebelled and taken pai-t with the 
 Htroiif^ror. It is feared those of Transylvania, who were thought to 
 be the Kind's, will also turn them to tlu> Turks. The King stands 
 in need of groat help, and great help will not be granted to hini) 
 \}u\vnn (irst lii^ grants that that he has hitherto so stuck in. 'Sae 
 al).s(uic(i of Maximilian, who always did what he could to stay his 
 liitlict'H grant, j^noat fortr on ouo side and strong entreaty on the 
 other, uiii thought to bo inNtnum-nts at this opportunity of time to 
 
EDWARD VI. 179 
 
 1551. 
 
 "wind a cumbered King to wliat the Emperor will draw him to. For 
 as the last Diet was either expressly or chiefly made for the matter 
 of the coadjutorship, so this Council of Trent and coming of the 
 three Electors is thought to be intended for no other purpose than 
 to entitle the Prince of Spain to the empire. The French King has 
 lately landed 4,000 footmen at Spezzia, a port not far from Genoa. 
 The Imperialists, if they may be suffered, seem more willing to keep 
 what is not lost, than in any readiness, especially while winter lasts, 
 to win again what the French have lately gotten. Yet all the watch 
 here, all the soldiers who have attended upon the Emperor's person, 
 with those Spaniards that so long have been in the Duke of Wir- 
 temberg's land, shall shortly go towards Italy. These, however, are 
 few in comparison, with the French newly arrived in that country. 
 A gentleman from Gonzaga reports, that Ferrante is so troubled 
 with a giddiness or megrim in his head, that he thinks, unless some 
 remedy be soon found for it, he shall be unable to serve the Em- 
 peror or himself Some suppose him to have been chafed by some 
 letters from the Emperor, which have brought his head out of 
 temper, in reference to the breaking of the nearly completed accord 
 with Octavio, by reason of Ferrante's sacking of villages. France is 
 raising troops in Switzerland for service in Italy. It is thought that 
 the Emperor will go to Boulogne, where peradventure the Bishop 
 and he mean to hatch a few foul birds, if France do not tumble some 
 of the eggs out of ' their nest. Five days ago Cesare Caraffa, who 
 has been these three months a prisoner in his own lodgings for 
 matters of religion, was set at liberty, and so were three others, no 
 recantation being required at their hands, or any likelihood in them 
 of changing theii- opinions. There is a report that a number of 
 English gentlemen, some say 100, others 400, have fled the realm, 
 in mind to serve the Emperor against the French King ; has been 
 asked about this, but can give no reply. Complains of their neglect 
 in supplying him with intelligence from England, which places 
 him at a disadvantage. The Lady Mary's men are said to be 
 in the Tower, upon great violence done to them. Entreats them for 
 money as he is in much need. [Two pages and a half. Very inuch 
 injured and defaced^ 
 
 Oct. 15. 459. Christopher Mount to the Council. The majority of the 
 
 Strasburg. German Bishops have gone to the Council at Trent, the Emperor so 
 willing it; and the first session is'understood to have been adjourned 
 to the 11th of October. In the meantime Duke Maurice has written 
 to the Emperor requiring fuller assurance of safety to such of his 
 divines as adhere to the confession of Augsburg, and intend to go to 
 the Council, with perfect freedom of action when there. He has 
 reminded the Emperor of his private promise that the discussion 
 should be perfectly free. He also asks that the same assurance shall 
 be given by the Council ^o those who are termed Lutherans, as at that 
 of Basle was given to the Bohemians, lest afterwards calumnies should 
 be spread by the debaters on the plea of the precedent of the Council 
 of Constance, that promise is not to be kept to heretics. Although 
 this letter of the Duke is in all respects proper, yet he has written it 
 without consulting any of the evangelical Princes or cities, notwith- 
 standing his having been applied to by them on more than one occasion 
 
 M 2 
 
180 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS, 
 
 15/51. 
 
 Oct. IG. 
 Westminster. 
 
 Oct. IG. 
 
 Oct. 20. 
 Augaburg. 
 
 for that puvpoHc. This has given rise to suspicions. Had previously 
 written that the Emperor thinks Duke Maurice is not sufficiently 
 ai'tivc in his operations against Magdeburg; the Duke is dissatisfied 
 with b'ordinaud and the Emperor. The former demands, as be- 
 longing to Bohemia, that part of the duchy contiguous thereto, 
 wlu'reiu are cojjper mines that yield a considerable sum to the Duke 
 annually ; the latter wishes Maurice to deliver Magdeburg into his 
 hands, and yet supplies him with no money. The captivity of his 
 father-in-law he also takes seriously, as may be inferred by his 
 having arranged that the Kings of Denmark and Poland, the Dukes 
 of Prussia, Pomerania, Mecklenburg, and Wirtemberg, the Electors 
 Palatine of Brandenburg and himself, shall intercede for the freedom 
 of the Landgrave ; and this intercession is daily expected. Is 
 induced on various gi'ounds to believe that Maurice has an under- 
 standing with France, Denmark, and Poland. Knows that the 
 King of Denmark has wi-itten to France that they ought not to 
 distrust Maurice. The siege of Magdeburg has been discontinued 
 for a whole month ; there is talk of reconciliation, but the terms 
 proposed by the Emperor are too stringent to be accepted. Perhaps 
 his wars elsewhere may bring them peace. The Duke of Wirtemberg 
 has sent a certain nobleman, a doctor of laws, and a secretary to 
 the Council at Trent, to submit to it the confession drawn up by 
 Brentzen and the other ministers, and subscribed by many other 
 theologians of Saxony and this' part of Germany. Whether Maurice 
 has sent his thither is not yet known. The Emperor will very pro- 
 l)al )ly as.scmble the States this winter, with reference to war with 
 Franco, and to raise money, as the siege of Magdeburg has exhausted 
 his treasury. He lately sent hither the Steward of his household, 
 to excite the Senate against the French King, and urge them not to 
 allow any soldiers to serve him. [Latin. Tiro pages.] 
 
 460. King Edward VI. to the Senators and Magistrates of Lucca. 
 Credentials in favour of Peter Vannes, native of that city, and Latin 
 Secretary to his Majesty. [Latin. Broadside. Indffrsed by Cecil. 
 Copy.] 
 
 461. The Council to Sir Richard Mory.sine. In consequence 
 of the Emperor persisting to Dr. Wotton, that Lord Paget had 
 promised on behalf of his Majesty that the Lady Mary should 
 hear mass j)rivately, although the same has utterly denied that he 
 ever spoke to the Emperor on the subject, and they are disposed to 
 believe him, they have secluded Lord Paget from the Council and 
 the Court, and committed him to his house, wliere he has remained 
 these 14 days, prohibited to sjieak or confer with any but those of 
 his own family. Instruct Morysine to take an opportunity of 
 aj)pri/,ing the Emperor hereof, that he may see the respect paid to 
 his assertion, and at the sauio time how far from truth it is that 
 hJH Majesty and they wero o\or parties to such alleged promise. 
 [Ciipy- T%vo i'",'/''.'*.] 
 
 462. Sir Richard Morysine to the Council. Their days of remov- 
 ing art! so often deferred, that although the Emperor is expected to 
 bo on horseback on Thursday next, he must see him gone before he 
 believes. He must go shortly, as all, except what is absolutely 
 
EDWAED VI. 181 
 
 1551. 
 
 necessary for his immediate use, has been sent forward to Inspruck. 
 For his own part lie could wish still new causes to delay the Emperor 
 here, until new-come money make him able to travel with his 
 Majesty. Rumours of a battle in Transylvania between the troops 
 of Ferdinando and the Turk, and those of the former victorious ; but 
 others, that the Turks have taken two castles belonging to Petrovitz, 
 and are about the third. Yesterday Duke Maurice's men, who 
 have been hitherto at Tonevert, came to town. They say the others 
 wait for the King of Denmark's Ambassador, who probably comes 
 about the matter of the bishopric of Bremen. Yesterday a gentleman 
 of the Bishop pf Rome's chamber arrived. He is said to talk very 
 stoutly, as if the Bishop were like to do what he means against 
 France ; and reports that the Bishop raises 8,000 foot at Rome, and 
 2,000 more in Bologna. The Spaniards at Sienna, in number 1,500, 
 go to Parma by orders of the Emperor, who at present raises ],500 
 horse hereabouts. The 2,000 that are being raised at Bologna, go to 
 Sienna in place of the Spaniards. By this time Cardinal Veralh is 
 almost in France. The Bishop is said to be in hand with the Vene- 
 tians to borrow money of them, upon one or two of his towns of 
 Imola, Faenza, Ravenna, or Cervia, which 40 years since were 
 possessed by the Venetians. It is thought the French King makes 
 them a better offer, namely, to help them to all their towns, and 
 more, without their disbursing such sums as the Bishop would 
 require for one of tliem. Those at Trent have replied to the French 
 King's protest. The Imperialists say the Turk's navy is gone 
 towards Constantinople, and will winter at home. There was a 
 report of the death of the young Scottish Queen ; but since then a 
 post has come from Flanders to tell the Emperor that his sister, the 
 French Queen, is like to die. He has sent Workern, a gentleman of 
 his chamber, to visit her. The Prior of Capua is thought to have 
 indeed left the French King's service, on the plea that his life is 
 menaced by the Constable. Mirandola is said to be in great danger, 
 if the French King does not soon levy the siege. Their great want 
 mentioned. Sends an Italian letter, which tells wonders of great 
 companies of wolves about Pistoja and Florence ; a like company of 
 wolves was seen in Italy in 1525, when the French King was taken 
 at Pavia. Has often heard that Francisco Sforza, Duke of Milan, 
 offered a reward of four crowns for every wolf brought to him : he 
 found the cost so heavy, that he gradually reduced the price to a 
 testoon, and then they brought him no more wolves and he gave 
 them no more money. At this moment hears that the Duke of 
 Saxony ^has orders to leave with his Spaniards to-morrow for In- 
 spruck, and that the Emperor will also leave to-morrow. Sends 
 certain articles gathered out of the Emperor's proclamation here, 
 and three other schedules in Italian, of advices out of Italy just 
 received. Beseeches them, if his diets be not already on the way, 
 that they may be sent after him, with as convenient speed as may, 
 he being now brought into greater necessity than he can well express. 
 [Three pages. Printed by Tytler, with a few lines omitted, Vol. ii., 
 p. 79.] Incloses, 
 
 462. I. Intelligence from Italy— Flm^ence, Sept. 18. Since July 
 some parts of Tuscany have been so infested with wolves, 
 
182 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1651. 
 
 that the country is a hell. But what is more marvellous, 
 /(v'n Eii'ceUcncy hnviny ordered a very great hunt, in which 
 lie. participated with about 3,000 men, a/nd beat the 
 country for eight days, with 600 dogs, ha/vi/ng netted U 
 all round, they have been unable to find more than yie 
 wolf, in spite of their number. These woVues approaching 
 a fold of cattle, leave them and assail the shepherds, whose 
 viscera they alone devour, leaving the rest of the body, 
 without doing the smallest injury to the flocks. Since 
 July, among the Pistolcne, they have destroyed 250 per- 
 sons, men, luomen, and children. They go into the 
 cottages, and take the children out of the cradles; amd 
 these animals have this peculiarity, that they so alarm 
 those who see them, as to deprive them, m a manner, of 
 consciousness. [Italian. One pctge.^ 
 
 462. II. Intelligence from Rome, Sept. 26. This afternoon the 
 Emperor's man met with Bon Diego of the household of his 
 Holiness. It is not known what he brings, chiefly on 
 account of information of a new commission issued after 
 the success of affairs in Piedmont, and Don Diego had been 
 detained at Florence xvaiting for the man sent by him 
 to his Majesty. It is true the Cardinal of Burgos says 
 for certodn that he does not bring the resolution cf Oie 
 Cardinals at present ; but it is not thought his coming 
 will produce any good, at least the certainty of that 
 blessed journey to Bologna, which by so many is con- 
 sidered uncertain, — and by his Holiness affirmed as 
 m,ost true, although the harbingers m-dered to go u>ere de- 
 tained — shall be known. Four days will not pass before 
 (ill about it is known. This morning his Holiness rose 
 from bed and walked a little through the rooms, having 
 been for six days confined by the gout in his arm and knee. 
 The successes in Piedmont are as before written, ejrcept 
 tJutt it was not true that the French had pillaged Alba. 
 They fortify Ohieri, and remain in the places which they 
 have taken and their own forts, until the arrival of Mans, 
 de Ouise with the Svnss and cavalry, which wiU be in 
 Piedmont at the end of tJie montfi. The French wished 
 to fortify La Force, a j^hur npon the river onike way 
 to Vcroli, and the troops of Don Fermnte pi-evented 
 them. The sortie of Strozzi, Dulr Horatio, and Signor 
 Paulo from Parma is probably kuoiini ; they put to 
 Jlight the Marqvi.i, who was in me town of Carignaiw, 
 threw his trooii.i into disord<'r, and took his artillery with 
 fully 80 pijtrs of iviiie ; the Mai-qui^^ saved himself at 
 lidnjo tSini. Doniiio. Such is contairted in letters from 
 ItoJogiKi. irliirh tvcve iulcrccpted by his Holiness for three 
 (liri/s. From, Afan tun i hey write that the said Marquis 
 hoping roUeetcil his forces and sailed from Borgo, in 
 ])iirNiiil of the ruriiiese, hod beoi. encountered by Mon- 
 le.cchio Olid JlresseU, who being beat back withdrew into 
 Parma. This evening couriers have arrived, and, are 
 
EDWARD VI. 183 
 
 1551. 
 
 detained by his Holiness, so that nothing is known, but 
 it is muttered that Alessandro Vitelli has had a smart 
 tussle with those of Mirandola. The navy is at Tripoli, 
 and part is being rigged there and part at Zerbi, at 
 least so letters from Sicily import ; so that the ships seen 
 towards Prevesa, of which the Admiral wrote, are said 
 to be the 20 galleys which left Tripoli with prisoners 
 for the Levant. It is said that the BuJce of Florence has 
 sent one of his chamberlains to complain of the want of 
 respect shown by Don Diego in detaining a courier with 
 letters from the Duke of Ferrara in his States, and inter- 
 cepting these letters. One of the Fmperor's men who had 
 been sent to admonish his Excellency, or as it is said here, 
 to denounce him, is reported to be dead in Mantua. News 
 from Genoa say that it is certain the Duke of Alva will 
 sail with 33 galleys, and perhaps will be attacked. At 
 Marseilles they are arming with much haste ; the French 
 have 31 galleys, and seven were to be ready on the 15th of 
 this month. The Legates await the resolution ; one of them, 
 Carpi, has the quartan. Veralli is in readiness, expect- 
 ing the mAMh who was sent to France ; next week enough 
 vjill be known. [Italia/ri. Two pages.] 
 
 462. III. Intelligence from Italy — Rome, Oct. 3. Prince Doria 
 and the Duke of Alva left Genoa on 24iA September with 
 30 galleys fully equipped, resolved to show fight if they 
 found any of the French at V I sole ; and letters of the 
 ^Sth, from Genoa, mention that the Prior Strozzi had 
 left the King's service, returned his flag, and gone with 
 two galleys to Corsica, on his way to Malta to serve his 
 religion ; and im, consequence of the King having made the 
 Constable's son Adm/iral, had sent one of his officers to 
 Genoa with the frigate, and written to the Prince for a 
 safe conduct. Here are Don Giovanni Manrique and Don 
 Diego, sent by his Majesty to explain to his Holiness the 
 causes which have induced him to leave Germany and 
 to go to Flanders, to hasten the matters of the Council 
 a/nd urge the promotion of Spaniards to the cardhialate, 
 80 that his Majesty may be secure of being served in 
 event of any sede vacante, and they use every effort to 
 prevent his Holiness from, withdrawing from the proposed 
 league, and other things ; and if God does not interpose 
 there will be great evil. Cardinal Veralli leaves for 
 France the day after to-morrow, in the hope of being able 
 to produce some frwit, in which may God speed hi/m ! 
 There has been a sharp skirmish at Mirandola, with loss 
 on side of the Pope, cmd the Parmese having made an 
 assault on Sa/ragna were repulsed with a loss of 200 
 m,en ; the honour of this is given to Count Gaiazzo. 
 The Swiss guard is to be chcmged, and the Court will be 
 well. The French say that the order made in France is 
 only intended to prevent the issue of money from, the 
 hmgdom. They say that at Mirandola Signor Giovanni 
 
184 FOREIGN PAPEBS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 Battifii(t has raised a mound from which he hatters the 
 houses in the town, and that 1,500 infantry are going to 
 Mirandola to relieve the troops there. [Italian. Two 
 2Jnges.] 
 
 462. IV. Intdli(j<ince from Rome, Oct. ]3. Comprises matters 
 already conUdned in various former letters, relating to 
 the Prior of Capua's hdving France, the affairs of Parma 
 and Mirandola-, the Pope's proceedings, the election o/ 
 new Cardinals, Ac. [Italian. Three pages.] 
 
 462. V. " Articles out of the Emperor's proclamation, wherein he 
 declareth the injuries done to him by France." These a/re, 
 in the matter of Parma, — 
 
 1. He complains of the erroneous statements propa- 
 gated, and in order that the truth may he knoum, briefly 
 explains. 
 
 2. Shwtly before the death of Pope Paul III. the cUy 
 of Parma came under the dominion of Rome. 
 
 3. But when after the death of Paul III., Julius III. 
 succeeded, Octavio, by means of some Cardinals and his 
 friends, earnestly besought the restitution of Parma, whidi 
 Julius, out of pure kindness, fully restored to him. 
 
 4. Noiv he complains of the perfidy of Odavio, who, 
 without the consent of his Holiness, has confederated vnth 
 foreign Princes. 
 
 5. For this conduct Octavio can only allege the fear of 
 his life from tlie machinations of the Emperor and his 
 general Don Fernando de Oomaga. 
 
 6. He then mentions the tyranny of Peter Aloysiua over 
 the people of Placentia, and how he was murdered by 
 them. 
 
 7. From this nothing is to be gathered, except that 
 the French King now, as formerly he did Mhrmdcla, 
 occupies Parma as a den of thieves, and hence the property 
 of many is seized and despoiled ; among these are Strozzi, 
 Fregosi, and Bentivoglio. 
 
 8. Mentions the French Ambassador, who was not less 
 the cause of this surrender m- betrayal than was the captain 
 of the city and fortress of Tripoli, in Barbary. For the 
 principal inhabitant was a Frenchman, and so the popu- 
 lation was miserably delivered into tJie hands of the 
 Turks. 
 
 9. For these reasons his Holiness has by his edicts pro- 
 hibited all and sundry from entering tlie service of 
 Octavio on pain of confiscation of prroperty. 
 
 10. His Holiness now implores the assistance of the 
 Emperor, as supreme defender of ths Church of Rome, 
 that Ihexe Italian tumults may be the more speedily 
 quieted. 
 
 11. Non' some of the Frcndi King's subjects are in the 
 hdhit ofas.iertlng that their sovereign seeks nothing from 
 his Holiness ccoept a7i assurance that Parma shall iiot 
 be delivered to Charles V. 
 
EDWARD VI. 185 
 
 1551. 
 
 1 2. Lastly 'mentions the capture of certain ships, and 
 hy what stratagems the King's captain, named Poulin, 
 deceived the shijjs of Lower Germany. 
 
 1 3. Then speaks of other vessels captured in the Medi- 
 terranean, belonging to Maximilian, King of Bohemia; 
 and unless Andrew Doria had been detained by storms, 
 he doubtless would have fallen into the hands of the 
 French. [Latin. Three pages.] 
 
 Oct. 23. 463. Sir Thomas Cliamberlain to tlie Council. Upon receipt of 
 Brussels, their two letters of the J Cth by Lucas Frynger, on Wednesday the 
 21stinst., he immediately applied for audience of her Majesty, which, 
 - because of urgent business and the illness of her sister the French 
 Queen, was deferred until this day, Friday, at 5 p.m. On this 
 occasion he informed her Majesty of the King's fortunate escape 
 and of the Duke's apprehension, when she expressed her great 
 pleasure that the King had avoided this present peril, and her 
 surprise that the Duke, whose whole fortune depended upon his 
 sovereign's favour, should have been a conspirator against him ; 
 inquiring minutely into all the circumstances of the attempt. There- 
 after he addressed her Majesty on the subject of the restraints 
 placed upon the commercial intercourse of the two countries, with 
 particular reference to her recent placard, of which a copy is inclosed 
 (See No. 56 antea), and her refusing to allow some English ships, 
 which Lad arrived laden with prunes and other wares from France 10 
 days ago, to discharge their cargoes. In this her Majesty replied that 
 she had issued these placards by desire of the Emperor, upon whom 
 the French King had made war without cause given ; and- that the 
 object was to injure the French and not the English. Upon his 
 urging the hitherto established intercourse between the two countries, 
 with which he felt sure neither the Emperor nor her Majesty desired 
 to interfere, whatever difference they might have with the French ; 
 her Majesty replied that she well remembered the intercourse, but 
 she was merely a servant, and must do as her lord and master com- 
 manded ; desiring that a statement of this restraint on the English 
 ships should be submitted for her consideration. To obtain redress 
 he thinks application will require to be made to the Emperor direct. 
 It is reported that the Emperor intended to leave Augsburg yester- 
 day for Inspruck, there to winter for the purpose, it is thought, of 
 being near to the Council and not far from Italy, where in the 
 spring more is likely to be done than in this quarter. Of Magdeburg 
 and Parma almost nothing is said. [Seven pages.] 
 
 Oct. 25. 464. Memorandum of letter from the Council to Sir William 
 Pickering, informing him that Sir Jacques Granado is to be sent to 
 France to present some geldings from his Majesty to the French 
 King, the Dauphin, the Princess Elizabeth,* and the Constable, and 
 desiring that he will instruct Granado as to the forms of presentation. 
 [Half a page.] 
 
 * It will appear by the subsequent papers that no horses were sent to the Princess Elizabeth. 
 
186 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 In;-)!. 
 
 Oct. 25. 465. Instructions given by King Edward VI. to Sir Jacques 
 Oranadtt, ]< night, one of the Esquires of the stable, sent by appoint- 
 ment ol' the Earl of Tembroke, master of the King's Majesty's horse, 
 to convey to the French Court certain geldings and hackneys with 
 their apparelling and furniture, presented by his Majesty to the 
 Frt'nch King and others. [Two pages. Draft] 
 
 Oct. 26. 466. King Edward VI. to Henry II., King of France, requesting 
 Wistmiiistir. i)is acceptance of some liorses sent by Sir Jacques Granado. [Otib 
 page. Indorsed by Cecil. Copy.] 
 
 Oct. 26. 467. Sir Richard Morysine to the Council Lucas Phringer has 
 [Augsburg.] this day brought their two letters for himself, and one for Mr. Peter 
 Vannes. Has taken order that the letter shall be forwarded with 
 all convenient speed, and will as shortly as he can attend to their 
 commands addressed to himself The Emperor left this on Wednes- 
 day last about noon, and dining by the way, went 1 8 miles to his 
 bed, ariiving at his lodgings after 10 o'clock at night; thereby 
 men reckon he means to seem lusty, and able enough to pass the 
 mountains by day, that can in such cold nights travel at that hour. 
 Thought that he would have given audience at Monaco to the 
 Ambassadors who thus long at Tonevert have sued for licence to 
 come nearer. Yesterday he left Monaco : Morysine will the nearer 
 way, and so shall easily overtake him, although he looks for no 
 audience until the Emperor reaches his destination ; but he wiU see 
 whether his Majesty shall have any occasion to tarry in the way, 
 and so any leisure to admit him. While the Emperor remained at 
 Alonaco, Morysine was nearer to him by two days' journey than he 
 should have been, being at Inspruck. But if he must have been 
 farther off, it was necessity that forced him to tarry — a better excuse 
 than he could wish to have. Had it not been for the Schores, he 
 nmst have tarried longer. They have shown him great friendship, 
 and would reckon it well bestowed upon him, if they might shortly 
 have part of their money again, and a letter of thanks from some of 
 tlieir honours to their eldest brother, Mr. Giusto Schore, who hitherto 
 at all times has relieved his wants. He had a letter of credit to 
 them from Mr. Yorke, upon which they have acted, and require part 
 pajment of the sum lent. Trusting that their honours will pity his 
 state, he has promised them 600/. sterling at Mr. Yorke's hand& 
 Perhaps they mean to see whether they may be bold to lend him 
 Iicroafter upon this letter or not. Intreats their Loi-dships either 
 tliat Mr. Yorke may help him to his diets that are due to him on the 
 1st of January, or else help him to some exti"aordinary aid whereby 
 his crc^dit may be kept up. For the diets lately (mid, he had waited 
 lour montlis beyond the timi^ they were due, therefore hopes he may 
 ]t;\.\r th(wo two months liiifore they are payable, although he would 
 ral-licr wait till thoy were due, so their Lordships could in some 
 otlicr way provide Mr. Yorke with the means of paying the 600^. 
 out of lian<l. He lias as good a mind to mules as the rest of the 
 AmlmHsadors, his piaod now l>oini.( i-liiof, save that the Bishop's 
 Nuncio usur])S upon him, as his ma.stor is wont where he should 
 not. III! has as iinu^h need of them as they ; but they are able to 
 buy mules and hois not. Yet, whatsoever shift he make, he must 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 187 
 
 1551. 
 
 Oct. 27. 
 
 Paris. 
 
 Oct. 27. 
 Paris. 
 
 Oct. 30. 
 
 Castle of 
 
 Koningsburg. 
 
 Oct. 30. 
 
 Venice. 
 
 [Oct.] 
 
 buy four ; and if they go to the field, he shall lack as many things 
 as be needful for him who must be there. Is forced to leave his wife 
 three miles out of Augsburg ; and so he that is unable to keep half 
 a house must keep two. They go where things are in great scarcity 
 and twice as dear as they are in Augsburg. Had told Schore 
 he would wax a good husband at Inspruck, as he would have but 
 18 in his house, his wife and a dozen more remaining behind ; but 
 Schore said that 10 would spend him more there than 20 did at 
 Augsburg. Fearing here that the people will be scarce content to 
 lack all their accustomed exercises in the Church, they are taking 
 order for 200 soldiers which may stay stirs. They keep great 
 watch at the gates to see that no soldiers come into the town, most 
 of the gates being kept shut since the Emperor left. \^Three pagesi] 
 
 468. Sir William Pickering to the Council. Acknowledges re- 
 ceipt of their letters of 29th September and 16th inst. Between 
 these dates had seen the Constable, who assured him that the objec- 
 tionable regulations of the Bordeaux merchants relative to the wine 
 trade should instantly be cancelled. On receiving their last letter 
 had instantly set off to Paris, for the purpose of congratulating the 
 French King on the birth of the young Prince, [Due d'Angouleme, 
 afterwards Henri III.],andnotifying the appointmentof Lord Clinton, 
 the Lord High Admiral, to act as King Edward's representative in 
 the capacity of godfather at the baptism. His conversations with 
 the King atid the Constable on the affair of the Duke of Somerset. 
 [Sixteen pages. Printed by Tytler, except the page relating to the 
 wine trade. Vol. ii., p. 86.] 
 
 469. Same to Sir WiUiam Cecil. Congratulates him on his " good 
 fortune to be found undefiled with the folly of this unfortunate 
 Duke" of Somerset. \One page. Printed by Tytler, Vol. ii., 
 p. 67.] 
 
 470. Albert, Marquis of Brandenburg, to King Edward VI. Sends 
 him a present of eight falcons, his Majesty having been gi'atified with 
 those which he had sent in the preceding year. \Latin. Broadside.'] 
 
 471. Peter Vannes to the Council. Eelating to the Turk's pro- 
 ceedings in Transylvania and the siege of Mirandola. [One page 
 and a half. Much mutilated^ Incloses, 
 
 471. I. A plan of the siege of Mirandola engraved on wood, 
 
 " LAssedio della Mirandola con gli Abbrusciamente 
 et ruine del Paese, fatte d-el esercito di Papa Oiulio III.; 
 col sito d'essa Mirandola et vero disegno d'i forti fatti gli 
 intorno 'per lo Illustrissimo Signer Camillo Orsino. 
 Sta/mpato in Ma/ntoua ad instantia di Qiacopo Ruffi,nelli. 
 L'Anno MDLI. del Mese d'Agosto." 
 
 472. Portion of letter to King Edward VI. by certain in- 
 dividuals sent from the Elector of Saxony and other German Princes 
 to congratulate his Majesty upon the treaty entered into between 
 him and the French King. [French. Two pages. Copy.] 
 
 See his Majesty's Journal for October 1551 in " Literary Eemains 
 of K. Ed. VI.," printed for the Roxburghe Club, ii., p. 357, note 2. 
 
188 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. ^ ,^ ^ 
 
 Nov. 1. 473. Sir Tliomas Chamberlain to the Covincil. On Monday last 
 
 Brussels. 1,0 was adviscil by the Governor of the English merchants at Ant- 
 werp, that the hiBt publlHbcd placard tended more to their prejudice 
 tliau the former, or any other similar one in time of war; and that 
 for fear of iucrensing the penalties of said placard, they could not 
 permit four .ships to sail, the more so as no officer was appointed to 
 mIiuui they might api)ly for despatch, according to the terms of said 
 placard. Whereupon in the evening of the same day he had access 
 to the Queen Regent, and laid before her Majesty the memorial of 
 the member.s, a copy of which is inclo.sed, seeking to impress upon 
 her that even were such prohibition considered necessary, it ought 
 not to be made applicable retrospectively to these vessels which had 
 been laden before the placard was issued. Her Majesty replied 
 that she would consult with her Council thereon. Having waited all 
 Tuesday without hearing anything, but knowing that the two Pre- 
 sidents were together, he waited upon them unexpectedly in the 
 evening, on pretence of inquiring for the one who had been confined 
 to his chamber 14 or 1 .5 days by gout. They denied having had any 
 communication with the Regent, but this their subsequent conver- 
 sation refuted. Details the conversation, and their quibbling on the 
 meaning of certain words in the existing commercial treaty ; his appli- 
 cation to the Regent for another audience on Thursday (his memorial 
 of the preceding day having been returned with an unsatisfactory 
 apo.it il), which was deferred by her absence at hunting all that day, 
 put off on Friday on plea of her being evil at ease, although she had 
 sat in Council that day, and tiien on same evening her referring of him 
 to the Pre.sident of the Council for reply. Describes their interview, 
 and his presenting the case of another poor merchant molested in Zea- 
 land. This Saturday evening has received such " appointments" on 
 these matters as he wots not well what to make of them, but has, 
 under protestation, forwarded them to the merchants that they may 
 agree as well as they can with the proper officer. Hears that another 
 impost (J? one per cent, is to be proclaimed, and suggests that their 
 Lordsliips should sufier no more vessels to come until these have sailed 
 and reached England. In liis communication with the President had 
 contrasted the present line of conduct with that pursued by the 
 same people during the wars of 1536. Recommends that the 
 English merchants should endeavour to direct their enterprises in 
 other quarters until the wars are at an end, " for truly these people 
 will never know what they have of us until they lack us ; and by 
 the merchant's means things were most quickliest to be redrest., 
 whom no man could well forbid to go where they find best intreat- 
 mcnt." Thanks their Lordships for the good consideration which 
 they have had towards liim for liis diets at this time, without which 
 he could not have served in this degree. [Kight i>ages.] 
 
 Memorial of the merchants, and of Henry Mey, merchant of 
 London. \Sl.c 2>"ffe9.] 
 
 Nov. 2. 474. Cliristoplier Mount to tlio same. The report as to the 
 
 Hiiasburg. deiiverane(! of Magdeburg iiiereases daily. Some of the Senate of 
 
 that city are seen at Liujisic treating of peace with Maurice, and 
 
 eveiy one has facility of meeting tuid conversing with them. The 
 
EDWAED VI. 189 
 
 1551. 
 
 conditions are not yet known here for certain, because they have 
 
 been sent to the Emperor for confirmation and ratification. But 
 
 progress lias so far been made, that whether the Emperor approves 
 
 or not, the siege will speedily be raised. The soldiers only remain 
 
 there that the arrears of their wages may be paid, and many think 
 
 that the clergj' of Magdeburg, who are the authors of this war, will 
 
 at length pay the outstanding wages. Maurice by his conduct shows 
 
 that he will not be so subservient to the Emperor as was supposed 
 
 with regard to the giving up of tlie county of Catzenellobogen to 
 
 Nassau. His proceeding in this matter and the liberation of 
 
 Magdeburg will highly incense the Emperor against Maurice. 
 
 France is cc^sidered not to be ignorant of these matters. Germany 
 
 is likely to be disturbed after the departure of the Emperor for 
 
 Italy. In several places of the Orisons the Imperial Commissioners 
 
 are appointing new magistrates and displacing the old ones ; the 
 
 most superstitious are deemed to be the most worthy. What 
 
 answer will be given to the petitioners for John Frederick and the 
 
 Landgrave is not known, but the petition is not likely to be very 
 
 acceptable. It is supposed that a Diet will be held shortly, chiefly 
 
 to induce the Germans to aid Ferdinand against the Turk. The 
 
 Emperor and the Pope will carry on war against France. The 
 
 French King's envoy prevailed so far with the Swiss that neither 
 
 party will send to Trent, and now they deliberate whether they 
 
 shoijdd assist the King against the Pope. The Emperor has seift to 
 
 the Saxon cities, admonishing them to remain faithful : he seeras to 
 
 fear new counsels in that quarter. As yet nothing certain regarding 
 
 the proceedings at Trent. This city has sent thither John Sleidan, 
 
 who formerly was sent by the Protestants to England. He is 
 
 ordered to do nothing till the arrival of the Saxons, and on their 
 
 coming to make common cause with them in terms of the confession 
 
 lately drawn up in Saxony. [Latin. One page and a half.] 
 
 Nov. 4. 475. John Brigantyne to the Council. Has received their letters 
 Hamburg, of 29th September from Hampton Court. The Bishop of Rome has 
 written to the clergy of Bremen andHellisame[Hildesheim] forbidding 
 them to. receive Duke Frederick, brother to the King of Denmark, 
 as Bishop, pronouncing him and all his assistants sacrilegious and 
 usurpers of the benefices of the Church. Nevertheless, the Duke is 
 ' received by the clergy of Hellisame, partly by procurement of the Em- 
 peror, although Duke Henry of Brunswick uses all means to prevent 
 the Duke and place his son, to whom the Bishop of Rome has granted 
 the see. The Emperor has recently written to the Duke of Lunen- 
 burg and other Princes whose territories border on the bishopric, 
 that it shall be lawful for them to invade the same, and expel or 
 subdue the Bishop, for that he has been condemned by the Chamber 
 of the empire. The cause for this he had mentioned in his letter 
 of November last year. The city of Magdeburg have been success- 
 ful in their treaty, and have a joyful peace. Duke Maurice is their 
 defender, and has taken into his service all the soldiers of the city 
 and the camp. He levies more horse and foot. The Emperor has 
 desired him to deliver Sarcerius, the Superintendent of Leipsic, to 
 appear at Augsburg ; this the Duks haa refused. Ferdinand has 
 
190 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 ir,5l. 
 
 Bent artillery and great store of ammunition to the frontiers of 
 Misuiii, wliicli belongs in the Duke, to recover, as it is thought, the 
 Duke's iiiiiios. Tlio Duke has taxed the clergy in all his provinces 
 at 800,000 n-uilders. 
 
 P.S. For tho better direction of their letters, he came hither from 
 Brunswick ; and these being despatched, he intends to repair 
 towards Magdeburg, to understand whither that army intendeth. 
 Of this they shall shortly have advertisements. [One page cmd a 
 half.] 
 
 Nov. 4. 476. John Brigantyne to the Duke of Northumberland. The like 
 
 Hamburg, information, and in almost precisely similar words, as transmitted in 
 
 his previous letter to the Council, except that the cause of oflence 
 
 given to the Emperor by Sarcerius is stated to be " for that he 
 
 hath newly inveighed against the Papists." [One par/e.] 
 
 Nov. 5. 477. The Council to Sir William Pickering. On the 22d ult the 
 Queen Dowager of Scotland arrived at Portsmouth, being escorted 
 thither by the Baron de la Garde, with 10 ships of war. As soon 
 as her arrival was known, orders were given to Sir Richard Wing- 
 field, the captain there, to wait upon her Majesty and ascertain 
 whether she intended to continue her journey by sea or land. Pre- 
 suming she would adopt the latter course, orders were given to Sir 
 Richard Cotton, Mr. Paulett, brother to the Marquis of Winchester, 
 ■with the county gentlemen, to wait upon her and her retinue. 
 Thereafter slie despatched a messenger to the Bang notifying her 
 coming, to which his Majesty immediately responded by congratu- 
 lations, and giving directions for her honourable entertainment. Her 
 progress hither Was from Portsmouth to South wick, a house of one 
 Mr. White, where she remained two days ; next to Warblington, the 
 residence of Sir Richard Cotton, where she lodged ; next day to 
 dinner at the Earl of Arundel's house, called Stanstead, and to her 
 lodging at Cowdray, Sir Anthony Browne's house ; and on the fol- 
 lowing day to Guildford ; to all which places she was conducted by 
 the noblemen and gentlemen of the respective counties in great 
 state. At Guildford she was met by Lord William Howard, with the 
 nobility and gentry of Surrey, who conducted her to Hampton 
 Court, at a mile from whicli the Marquis of Northampton, witli 
 other nobles, came on part of his Majesty to congratulate her, and 
 at the house she was received by the Marehioness of Northampton 
 and other ladies. There she abode Allhnllow-day, and on the fol- 
 lowing went by water, accompanied by numerous barges, to London, 
 where she was lodged at the Bishop of Loudon's palace. Next day 
 tho Duke of Suffolk, the Earl of Huntingdon, and others visited 
 luir from his Majesty, and on the following, whicli was yesterday, 
 the 4th inst., her Qraeo, ac(\i>nipniiied by Lady Margaret Douglas, 
 till! Dnchosscs (if Northumbi'dand and Suffolk, and otliers, came to 
 the (J<iurt, wliei'e, being met by tho Lord Chamberlain and other 
 ollieers of the household, she was most honourably and princely re- 
 (■(•iv(H] and wel(M)ined li^' tlie King's Majesty in the hall, and led up 
 to liur chamber on the (.iJueeu's side, where liis Majesty dined with 
 her, and in tlx; afti^rnoon departed ; she taking her leave of him 
 with most Ijejtrty and earnest thanks for the kingly usage of her and 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 191 
 
 1551. 
 
 hers. To-day she rests herself, and to-morrow departs northward. 
 His Majesty has written to the Sheriffs of tlie various counties 
 thi'ough which she will pass that due honours may be paid to 
 her, and Mr. Edward Dudley and Mr. Shelley are appointed to 
 attend on her through her whole journey, to see things conveniently 
 and agreeably served. The French King having by medium of his 
 Ambassador applied for the delivery of a murderer who had escaped 
 to England, the malefactor has been apprehended, and is sent to 
 Calais to be handed over to the proper authorities. The ratifica- 
 tions.of the late treaty are to be mutually received during the Lord 
 High Admiral's visit to France, whither he purposes to go shortly, 
 and about the 20th or 22d inst. be in Paris. [Eight pages. 
 Draft.} 
 
 Nov. 6. 478. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to Sir William Cecil. Thanks 
 Brussels, him for his continued attention in soliciting his private affairs, and 
 requests him to command reciprocal good offices. [One page.} 
 
 Nov. 7. 479. Peter Vannes to the Council. Parma, in the absence of 
 Venice. Don Fernando, is well furnished with victuals. They in Mirandola 
 show no" manner of fear, and in consequence of the country being 
 low and miry, the Papists' army are not able to do any hurt. As 
 the weather serves they have occasional skirmishes. The Emperor, 
 it is said, intends to take all manner of occasions to bring these 
 towns to his purpose this winter, so that they shall not interfere with 
 his plans next summer ; but many suppose that he shaU have much 
 to do before he can bring that to pass. They of Mirandola have 
 informed the French King that they want nothing but money. A 
 number of the 4,000 landsknechts, intended for service in Italy, have 
 arrived. Here men of all sorts, as well temporal as spiritual, charge 
 the Bishop of Kome as author of all the mischief, and men judge 
 this to be the time that he shall be scourged with his own rod. 
 Letters to the Seigniory from Constantinople of 26th September 
 mention the arrival there of Mons. de Raimond, Ambassador for 
 the French King, with two gaUeys. The Turk was going to 
 Adrianople, both for health's sake, and to be nearer the occunents 
 of Hungary. Friar George of Transylvania, although he was con- 
 federate with the Kong of the Romans, has sent an Ambassador to 
 the Turk with such a tribute as yearly he was wont to pay. The 
 Tvu-k has caused a large quantity of timber to be cut for the build- 
 ing of galleys this winter. He has ordered the General of his army 
 to return to Constantinople and bring with him the pirate Dragut, 
 and to have in the island of Prenice a captain of his, named Sala 
 Reis, with 40 galleys. In consequence of this the Seigniory have 
 revoked their General and army, leaving only 35 galleys in their 
 gulf, under the command of their providetor there. The Prior of 
 Capua, as a Knight of that order, was going from the French King's 
 service with his two galleys to Malta, to serve there ; but the Grand 
 Master has not accepted his service; on the ground that he did not 
 wish by receiving him to offend such mighty Princes as the Emperor 
 and the French, with whom the Prior is in disfavour. Wherefore 
 it is said that the Prior has set up the sails of his galleys, seeming 
 to become a rover of the sea. The Emperor arrived at Isborroughe 
 
192 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 [Inspruck] on the Slst of October, and his navy, with the King of 
 Bohemia, and other Spaniards, had already arrived at Villa Franca, 
 not far from Genoa. 
 
 P.S. Since writing this news has arrived that the Emperor's 
 navy, which was at Villa Franca, in number 18 or 19 ships, were 
 assaulted by the French, and a great number of them taken, and the 
 rest destroyed and put to flight. [Two payee.] 
 
 Nov. 1 0. 480. Copy letter from Dr. Wlman Bemaeii to Michael Drivina, 
 Trent. " Officiali LerdieiisV * Thanks him for his letter, and for the 
 care which he takes of his grandson. Gives him an account of the 
 order of proceedings at the Council. He has not yet spoken. The 
 work of reformation goes on coldly. Their Abbot of St. Bertin has 
 a tenth voice in the Council, not without great honour to him. The 
 Dean of Liege and a certain Dominican, sent hither by their Bishop 
 of Liege, have not a tenth voice in the Council, but are only ad- 
 mitted that they may hear the opinions of the theologians. The 
 number of Bishops increases daily, and there are now about 60 there. 
 Other bishops are expected daily from Spain, but when they will 
 arrive is uncertain. From all nations representatives are expected. 
 It does not appear to him necessary that others skilled in the law 
 should be sent, because their assistance is required in few if any 
 points. He himself seems to be alone, with one Spanish doctor, who 
 is here as promoter or fiscal of the Council. Last week about 4,000 
 German soldiers passed through Trent, and also 2,000 or 3,000 
 Spaniards, who have been garrisoned in the Duchy of Wirtemberg ; 
 it is reported that these soldiers are going to the siege of Parma. 
 Here likewise is a troop of the Emperor's soldiers for ^e protection* 
 of the Council and the city. [Latin. Four pages.] 
 
 Nov. 13. 481. Peter Vannes to the Council. On the -1 1th had received 
 Venice. their letters of the 15th and 16th ult., the former by medium of 
 Mr. Morysine. Congratulates them on the prosperity of his Majesty 
 and of the realm, and their discretion and dexterity used in putting 
 to ward, without any noise or tumult, the Duke of Somersel^ whose 
 evil disposed mind and forgetfulness of the great clemency received 
 heretofore at the King's hands he understood greatly to his 
 heaviness. "And this is the end of an ambitious heart and un- 
 satiable mind." Had on receipt of these letters obtained audience 
 of the Seigniory, with the presence of Capuc de Dede, who is the 
 supreme magistrate here, and communicated to them these events. 
 They thank his Majesty for apprising them of his proceedings and 
 state of his affairs, commending the same most highly. The afiairs 
 of Parma and Mirandola remain in the same state as before. The 
 whole 4,000 Landsknechts have arrived in Italy, also 2,000 Spa- 
 niards, to be distributed about Lombnrdy and Mantua until the 
 Emperor's further pleasure is known. It is said that the Bishop of 
 Rome labours for pcaco with tlio French King ; and a Secretary of 
 the said Bishop, named Camoiano, who was sent to the Emperor to 
 borrow 100,000 ducats, according to agreement, for the continuance 
 
 * Slo, ted potiui Leudienii, OfScial of Liege. The same error is repeated in the bod^ of the letter. 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 193 
 
 Nov. 14. 
 Brussels. 
 
 Nov. 15. 
 
 Nov. 16. 
 
 Brussels. 
 
 of the war, received for reply that the Emperor would advance the 
 amount, provided for the repayment thereof Ravenna or some other 
 like town is given in security. The Venetians take care to keep all 
 their subjects well supplied with victuals, and preserve peace with 
 all princes. [Three pages.] 
 
 482. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to the Duke of Northumberland. 
 The English merchants here are molested and slenderly regarded in 
 all their suits, which he rather and chiefly imputes to their own 
 insatiable greediness, wilfulness, and disorder than any other. 
 Instances in support of tliis opinion, th.it whereas they promised him 
 to stand earnestly in defence of the liberties secured by the treaty, 
 and that no more ships should come till the six already there had 
 sailed and reached home, six others richly laden have arrived, so that 
 neither the one can be permitted to sail or the others to discharge 
 except upon payment of 10s. upon every lOOlbs., both of the one 
 and the other. It is reported, that now the Emperor has a wonderful 
 treasure arrived in Spain out of the Indies, and that in Spain they 
 have granted the Prince 1,700,000 ducats a year towards the wars. 
 [Two pages.] 
 
 483. Memorandum of articles delivered to the Lord Clinton, Lord 
 High Admiral of England, to be presented by him as the gift of 
 King Edward VI. at the christening of the French King's son. 
 
 These were : one pair of pots of gold, fair wrought and enamelled, 
 weighing 165^ ounces. One pair of flagons of gold, wrought ac- 
 cording to the said pots, weighing 165|^ ounces. And one bowl of 
 gold, wrought with divers devices of astronomy, and " Phismanyes," 
 weighing 108 ounces. In all 438| ounces, which at 60s. the ounce 
 amount in money to 1,3161. 5s. {Sic in Orig.) [One page.] 
 
 484. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to the Council. Has secretly 
 learnt that these folks have discovered somewhat of a confederacy 
 between Duke Maurice, Duke Albert of Brandenburg and others, 
 pretending to seek the Landgrave's liberty by force, wherewith the 
 Emperor is said to be very perplexed, and endeavours to gain the 
 Swiss to his side, although, it is supposed in vain. M. D'Aremberg 
 and one Barlemont of this Council are dispatched in post towards 
 Gueldres and Friesland. Has been informed of a battle fought in 
 Hungary, but knows not the particulars. The French galleys at 
 Marseilles are said to have taken eight rich ships coming from Spain 
 to Genoa, with the King and Queen of Bohemia's treasure and stuff". 
 It is reported that the French have made incursions into the land of 
 Liege, which has caused the Bishop to call together the estates of the 
 country who have granted to contribute to the wars and support the 
 Emperor against the French King. Has no great belief in the 
 report, which he thinks is raised either to terrify the enemy, or to 
 force the Bishop for fear of his country to yield to the Emperor for 
 a pension like the Bishop of Utrecht, which these people would 
 gladly bring to pass. The States of the Low Countries are assembled, 
 for the purpose, it is thought, of supplying the Emperor with money 
 by way of some impost, notwithstanding all his treasure from the 
 Indies. [Two pages. The greater portion printed by Tytler, 
 Vol ii., p. 94.] 
 
194 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1 KK1 
 
 Nov, 16. 485. Instructions given by King Edward VI. to Lord Clinton, the 
 Lord High Admiral of England, and Sir William Pickering, to 
 receive the formal ratification by the French King of the Treaty of 
 marriage between his Majesty and the Princess Elizabeth. [Two 
 pages and a half. Draft] 
 
 Nov. 18. 486. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to the CounciL Although until 
 Brussels, he should hear from their Lordships, he had not intended to make 
 any suit to the Regent in the merchants' affairs, yet because contes- 
 tation was here pretended against certain old French wines that two 
 of them had brought out of England to Dunkirk and Middleburg, 
 he had submitted the cases to the President. The Regent allowed 
 the one who had arrived and sold his wines prior to the pubhcation 
 of the placard to have his money therefor, a^ reason would ; but 
 would not permit the other who had arrived subsequent to the pro- 
 clamation, either to discharge or sell his wines, but ordered that he 
 should return with them to England. Wherefore, regarding this 
 latter, he had an audience of her Majesty last Friday evening, when 
 she at length consented, not on the ground of the treaty but of 
 personal regard to the King of England, to allow the merchant to 
 sell his wines, though at a price exceeding not 61, per ton. [Two pages.] 
 
 Nov. 18. 487. Sir William Pickering to the same. Had received their 
 Paris. Lordships' letters of the 5th by Mons. Le Touche on the 13th, at 
 which time also arrived Sir Jacques Granado with those of the 
 25th October. That same afternoon had audience of the French King, 
 who expressed his thanks for the delivery of the accused murderer, 
 and the entertainment of the Scottish Queen, as also his high appre- 
 ciation of his Majesty's kindness in sending him the horses. 
 Informed the Ring that the Lord Admiral's fever had hitherto some- 
 what deferred his journey, nevertheless that he determined to be 
 here on the 22d of this month at the farthest. The following 
 Tuesday, being yesterday the 17th inst., he had agaui audience of 
 the King in the morning, for the purpose of introducing Sir Jacques 
 Granado, who was most graciously received ; but as the King was 
 then ready to leap on horseback to go d I'assemblfe he deferred 
 inspecting the presents until his return from hunting. This he did 
 about 6 p.m., accompanied by the Constable and M. De Guise, and as 
 soon as they were descended out of a coach wherein they returned, 
 he ordered the animals to be brought to him. These were all in 
 very good plight and liking, and so fair, that he said in his lifetime 
 he never saw fairer. Tlie like affirmed the whole company. His 
 Majesty on their taking leave intimated his intention of reciprocating 
 the gift, — understood to be six curtals, six great horses, and two 
 mules. The ])resent has been taken most thankfully, and Granado 
 without fiiil lias done his [lart right well tuthera, both upon the way 
 and in their delivery likewise. " The next dn y after they were pre- 
 sented being St. Gum^vieve's tiay, the King mounted upon one of the 
 fairest among tliem, and ■with his pi-eseuce honoured the general 
 procession, accompanied with such a sort of shrines and idols as I 
 never saw tlu^ like number before that time. The procession was, 
 tliey say, to liave good luck and prosperous success in the entry of 
 thcHc wars, and to show themselves obedient therein to Holy Mother 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 195 
 
 1551. 
 
 Church, though they cannot yet agree with God's great Vicar." Not 
 long ago the French with fourteen gallies entered into the haven of 
 Villa Franca, and brought away with them fourteen ships, most 
 Spaniards, laden with much treasure of the King of Bohemia, in 
 which ships were 120 very fine Spanish horses. The Komans still 
 invest Mirandola, the inhabitants of which are reported to be in 
 great necessity. Uncertain rumour here that Parma is more closely 
 beset than ever, and has at liberty only the gate towards Ferrara. 
 The Emperor has brought to Milan 4,000 landsknechts and 
 3,000 Spaniards. The French King has at Turin 3,000 Gascons, 
 and 3,000 Swiss. It is said that the Emperor is as far as Trent 
 on his way towards Italy ; wherefore immediately after the chris- 
 tening the French will go to Lyons and thence to Piedmont. News 
 be here that the Burgundians have been defeated in Lower Burgundy ; 
 and that the Himgarians have discomfited the Turks to the number 
 of 14,000. The long 'expected Cardinal will be at Fontainebleau on 
 the 28th inst. without fail, " whereof the French King is well ap- 
 payed, for he was in doubt by his long abode lest his continued 
 expectation for his coming might have returned to a mockery. And 
 yet after the conjectures of these Italians he cometh rather to seem 
 to make some accord than to bring the same to effect in deed." The 
 King left here last Friday for Fontainebleau. The Lord Admiral is 
 long looked for here, and his lodging already prepared. [Eight 
 pages.] 
 
 Nov. 18. 488. Sir Eichard Morysine to Sir William Cecil. Is sorry that 
 Inspnick. the Duke of Somerset has bred new troubles to the country, and as 
 glad that Cecil is as far from shentings as void of fault ; for it were 
 a way to make an end of amity, if when men fail their friends 
 should forthwith therefor be troubled. Perceives by his letter that 
 the mark which he now a good while shot at, is the service of their 
 master. The Duke hath years but too many, as it appeareth ; a 
 God's blessing, let him bear his own burden, or cast it where he can ! 
 If there be that have enticed to these foul practices and meant to 
 be lewd with him, let them hardly learn what it is to offer lewd 
 council and to help mischief forward. When the Duke was last in 
 prison, had said better of him than he meant to perform. " Nunc mihi 
 incutiunt aliena peccata pudorem. Sponde, noxa presto est." Will 
 do his best to warrant his own doings, and suffer others to speak for 
 themselves. His diet is not yet here, though it, and that that follows 
 it, are already spent. Will send a man of his who knows his 
 wants, to exhibit his things, but he must have money ere he can 
 send him. 
 
 P.S. — Thanks him for sending, Lucas hither, and shall be pleased 
 to have him again when occasion shall serve. Lucas was with him in 
 Denmark ; and is a man that finds more pain in being idle than 
 grief in doing that he is commanded. Strongly recommends him to 
 the favour of CecU, to whose lady he sends his commendations. 
 [One page.] 
 
 Nov. 18. 489. Same to Sir Nicholas Throckmorton. Because Throck- 
 
 Inspnick. morton can do him no good in his dickers, is that any reason why he 
 
 is to be barred in the rest of his liking by want of letters ? Before 
 
 N 2 
 
196 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 inr.i. 
 
 ho writes .any long h'tlcrs to Throckmorton he must be written to; 
 hut he will not rob him of this occasion. Must confess that he was 
 mistaken in the Duke of Womerset's nature, into which Throck- 
 morton siiw di^epor and guessed more rightly of his doings. Had 
 thdui^ht imprisonmunt and .such a throng of faults forgiven, would 
 have inada him a new heart if his old had been anything set upon 
 ]e\enging, and that he could not forget good turns so lately done to 
 him. If he meant once again to clamber higher than the present 
 state of the )-ealm could give him leave ; if ambition had so budded 
 him that he neither could see benefits wrongly bestowed upon him, 
 nor forsee the dangers that men seduced fall into, cetatem huhet, let 
 him make hib own answer. As for himself, he will spend his cares 
 to serve as honestly as he can where he is appointed, liaving more 
 to do abroad than that he has leisure to spend any of his work in 
 matters out of his charge at home. Will look for letters from 
 Throckmorton, though hitherto looking has stood him in very small 
 stead, since he went into France ; and till new cause is given, will 
 think that Throckmorton means he should not trouble him with any 
 more letters. [Two pages. Conway papira.^ 
 
 Nov. 18. 490. Sir EichardMorysine to the Council. Yesterday atthree o'clock 
 Inspruck. ]iad audience of the Emperor, whom he informed of the matter of 
 the Duke of Somerset. Tliereupon the Emperor referred to the case 
 of the Princess Mary. On the 12th of this month Maximilian and 
 his wife arrived at Savona. This country of Tyrol has made an 
 image of silver after the form of a coninge \kdnigimi\ weighing 
 (i.l-OO florins, to be given to Maximilian's wife. Has seen a letter from 
 Rome, which states that there is great likelihood of peace between 
 the Bishop and France. Lucas the bearer will inform them of his 
 financial difficulties ; if their Lordships will not help him, trusts 
 they will recall him, as he will with less grief beg at home, than 
 still want abroad. [Four pages and a half. Aimed entirely iUe- 
 g'ible hy damp and the abuse of galls.] 
 
 Nov. 18. 49 1 . Same to the Marquis of Northampton, Great Chamberlain. 
 
 Inspruck. None better than his Lordship knows how eai'uestly he had intreated 
 him to travail with others that the Duke of Somei-sefs late case 
 might rather be made a case of mercy, than he be utterly undone 
 by ju.stice. Acknowledges he had been mistaken in the Duke. 
 Trusts his Lordshi)) has not forgotten the grounds upon wliich he 
 made his suits. '' I am sure ye will bear me witnes.^;, I was afraid of 
 a tempest all the while that Wriothesley was able to raise any. I 
 knew ho was an cnriiest follower of whatsoever he took in hand, 
 and did very seldom miss where cither wit or travail were able to 
 bring his purjioses to paj=is. Most true it is, I never was able to 
 pcirsundo myself that Wriothesley eould be great, but tlie King's 
 Majesty itiuhI Ik^ in t,'reate.st danger. For Somerset's falling or 
 stiindlrig, what had I to do more than othera, but that I perhaps 
 UKirn tiiiui others thought, if he then had fallen, there we;"e that 
 irii;,dit have followed ? Wliat had he done for me before his impri- 
 Honmcnt? Let the account be made, and ye shall find it nothing. 
 And since his coming out of prison, if I be the better by him by 
 
EDWARD VI. 197 
 
 1551. 
 
 the value of a rush I confess felony, and so a just forfeiture of as 
 much as I can lose. But of him and his matters 1 will say no more, 
 saving this, as he hatli brewed, so let him bake for me. I have 
 wherein to spend my cares and will no more bestow so ma.ny on so 
 ungrateful a man." Lucas Phringer, his old friend and, as he per- 
 ceives, his Lordship's man to the uttermost of his power, censures 
 him for not sooner speaking of the message brought from his Lord- 
 ship. This was to him more than the receipt of 25 letters, that his 
 Lordship willed Phringer to make excuse for not writing. He has 
 great comfort in liis commendations ; he can but owe all, and would 
 be as glad of occasion whereby part, might be paid, as he is still 
 forced to seek to run farther in his Lordship's debt, From the Duke 
 of Northumberland he had both commendations and money ; but as 
 it was too little to hold any tack in the time of his mayoralty, so 
 was it a sufficient earnest of some better sum behind. If his Lord- 
 ship does put to his helping words, is assured his hope cannot deceive 
 him. Dares speak no more of dickers, and yet he knows, if two 
 would, he might have twice as many as his suit was. Some relief 
 his Lordship and the Duke must help him to, or he must pitch to 
 live no longer like a king's Ambassador. If Lucas might be enabled 
 to come hither and tarry with him, he might serve his Majesty much 
 better than he can now. Lucas was with him in Denmark, and 
 took many more pains there than he is like at any time to recom- 
 pense. Earnestly recommends Lucas to his Lordship, who can in 
 many ways do him good, as Lucas is persuaded he will. 
 
 P.S. — Besides other pleasures, Lucas is in all places so well 
 acquainted that he might easily borrow money for him ; if, when it 
 was borrowed, either of them wist how it should be repaid. [Three 
 pages. Conway pajjers.] 
 
 Nov. 19. 492. Reply by King Edward VI. to the Envoy from the Elector 
 [Westminster.] Maurice, the Mafquis of Brandenburg, and the Duke of Mecklen- 
 burg, sent to invite his Majesty to join the confederacy of Pro- 
 testant Princes. [Latin. Two pages. Draft, autograph of Cecil. 
 PHnted by Tytler. Vol. ii., p. 95, and in the Literary Remains 
 of Kiiig Edward VI., Vol. ii., p. 366.] 
 
 Nov. 19. 493. Letter from King Edward VI. to the Elector Maurice and 
 Westminster, the other Princes. [Latin. Draft, autograph of Cecil. One page.] 
 
 Nov. 24. 494. Letter from King Edward VI. to the same Princes. Recre- 
 Westminster. dentials of the Envoy. [Latin. One page. Copy.] 
 
 Nov. 24. 495. Peter Vannes to the Council. A Venetian merchant-vessel 
 Venice. having safely arrived at the mouth of the Thames, and in their own 
 friends' lap, had, by no tempest of weather, but only by the negligence 
 and fault of a certain pilot and guide, who had undertaken safely to 
 bring it into the haven of Feversham, been cast upon a bank, and so 
 broken and destroyed with a great loss and dispersion of the most 
 part of the goods therein contained. Writes at request of the 
 Seio-niory to beg their Lordships will aid Evangelista Fonte and 
 James Ragazoni, to whom the said ship was addressed, for the re- 
 covery of such goods by any means recoverable. The two brothers 
 
igs 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 Nov. 21.. 
 Venice. 
 
 Mov. 24. 
 Westminster. 
 
 Nov. 26. 
 
 Oratz. 
 
 Ragazoni are resident in England, and their parents and friends 
 here have always shown a great and prompt desire to do anything 
 that might advance the King's honour or stand to his satisfaction. 
 [Two pages.] 
 
 496. Peter Vannes to the Duke of Northumberland. Had replied to 
 the letters from the Council of the 15th and 16th ult. Congratulates 
 him on the end of the Duke of Somerset's evil attempts. A few 
 days agone Duke Horatio made an issue out of Parma to a place 10 
 miles off, named Torchsera, where the Master of the Bishop of Rome's 
 camp, named il Principe de Macedonia, was lodged with a great 
 band, and in skirmishing he and 400 of his men were slain. The 
 French Ambassador informs him, that Mirandola is well supplied 
 with victuals and munitions ; and although that amongst the com- 
 mons something wants, nevertheless, the rich men be so furnished 
 of wine and other necessaries that other meaner people may have it 
 for their money, of the which they have no want there. They within 
 be no common soldiers, but willing men to die and live for the 
 defence of that town. Thinks that King Maximilian is arrived at 
 Milan towards the Emperor. " The Bishop of Rome, to the intent 
 that part of his friends, being contained in a bill here inclosed, 
 should keep themselves from the rain this winter, hath sold them 
 13 red hate, for the price of 280,000 ducats, for to help the con- 
 tinuance of his war against the French King." A captain of a town 
 in Montferrat, in the confines of Piedmont, under the Duke of 
 Mantua, made an errand to Don Fernando for certain sums of money 
 to be received for soldiers' wages, &c. ; meanwhile the French took 
 the town, and this captain was hanged by order of Don Fernando. 
 This winter is like to be bestowed in watch and ward, and to keep 
 men from sleep. [One page and a half.] Incloses, 
 
 496. I. " Promotione di Carditiali." The names of the persons 
 
 raised to the Cardinalate. (vide Moreri, Bid.) Italian. 
 [One page.] 
 
 497. King Edward YI. to Sigismund-Augustus, King of Poland. 
 Acknowledges his Majesty's urgent recommendation of Albert 
 Bischofi", a nobleman of Dantzic, who had faithfidly in arms ser^'ed 
 the King's father, and now seeks to be employed by himsdt 
 Although, after the long absence of Albert, the King has no re- 
 collection of his services and claims, yet on his coming to England 
 in spring, attention will be paid to such statement of his losses as he 
 shall set forth. [Latin. Broadside. CourUei'signed by Sir Thomas 
 Chaloner. Copy.] 
 
 498. Copy reply by the Emperor Charles V. to the Envoys of the 
 King of Denmark and other Princes, sent to demand that the 
 Landgrave of ITohso should be set at liberty. His Majesty eludes 
 the application, docliiring that he will communicate his resolution 
 thereof to Duke Maurice, on his arrival at Inspruck, where he is 
 shortly expoctoil. Letters from the camp in Transylvania of the 
 1 I til inst. Htate that Cnataldo has resolved to dismantle the castle 
 of Lippa. Oalderon, the Spanish captain, who brought the news of 
 the capture of that fortress to the King, was presented with a chain 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 199 
 
 1551. 
 
 Nov. 26. 
 
 Brussels. 
 
 Nov. 25. 
 Paris. 
 
 Nov. 28. 
 
 Paris. 
 
 Nov. 28. 
 
 Strasbarg. 
 
 of 300 ducats, and then was sent into Italy to bring Spaniards 
 hither, but he will first go to the Emperor to determine the number 
 to be brought. The members of the Diet have resolved to give his 
 Majesty a fourth of their income for a year, and to maintain 600 
 horse armed for three years ; they have not agreed to the tax on 
 wine, for the same reasons as the Austrians, but should his 
 Majesty not be satisfied with a fourth, it is believed that he will 
 obtain the same concession from them as he has from the Austrians. 
 The result of the diet, it is said, will be for three years much more 
 than half a million of florins, and with this subsidy his Majesty will 
 set out for Vienna within two days, after despatching the Commis- 
 sioners to Carinthia and Carniola. [Latin and Italian. Two 
 pages.] 
 
 499. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to Sir William Cecil. Returns 
 thanks for Cecil's attention to his private affairs, and requests 
 Cecil to be mean for him to Lord Pembroke, that he may enjoy the 
 money of his warrant stayed by his Lordship for the thing of which 
 he is as ignorant as the child to-night born ; as he has written to 
 his Lordship long since. [One page.] 
 
 500. Sir William Pickering to the Duke of Northumberland. Had 
 intended to have despatched Mr. Elrington with these letters, but 
 considering that he would meet Francisco on the way, travelling 
 with the Lord Admiral, and that they are of great importance, has 
 written to the Admiral requesting that he will allow Francisco to 
 carry them with the utmost expedition to the Council. [One 
 page.] 
 
 501. Same to Sir William Cecil. Eequesting that a passport 
 may be sent by the next coiu-ier for John Lord Erskine, who stayeth 
 only for the coming thereof, and crieth out upon him. [One 
 page.] 
 
 502. Christopher Mount to the Council. The conditions of the 
 delivery of Magdeburg are not precisely known, but it owes its 
 delivery rather to the soldiers leaving for want of pay and the 
 procrastination of Maurice than to the favour of the Emperor. They 
 have been required to set free without ransom the Duke of Mecklen- 
 burg and all other prisoners, and to deliver up three of their 
 citizens, the Count Mansfeldt, Flaccius lUyricus, and the Burgo- 
 master, neither of which they would do. Their courage and con- 
 stancy has at last brought them peace. Maurice had written to the 
 Emperor that safe-conduct should be assured by the Council to all 
 Protestants going and returning to it, otherwise none of those who 
 are considered to be Lutherans would attend. The Emperor had 
 replied at considerable length. He has given such public assurance, 
 and so had the Council on the 12th October, appointing the 25th 
 of January as the day of appearance, which being the Feast of the 
 Conversion of St. Paul, may signify an expectation that the heretics 
 in memory thereof may be more inclined to repentance and recanta- 
 tion. Whether Maurice has sent his theologians to Trent does not 
 appear yet ; and many think that he will not send them, for the 
 
200 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 report of tbe Emperor's difference with Maunce increases daily, 
 Maurice likewise lias been cited to the Imperial Chamber on account 
 of disturbing the possession of Count William of Nassau in the 
 county of Catzenellobogen, by exacting an oath of obedience and 
 fidelity from tliose who were adjudged to Nassau by the Emperor's 
 sentence, as mentioned in his last letter to their Lordships. The 
 most convincing proof of an understanding between the King of 
 France and Maurice will be his refusal to send his divines to Trent. 
 The Duke of Wirtemberg, on the 20th of this month, sent two of 
 his clergy to the Council to join those whom he had previously 
 sent in October ; the matter not being in the first instance commu- 
 nicated to this Senate has made them somewhat distrustful of the 
 Duke, seeing, for the general interest, it had been better they bad 
 been sent by consent of all. But there is so much fear in Germany 
 at present that people dare not confer together lest they be suspected 
 of renewing conspiracies. The French King's persecution of pious 
 men strongly alienates the Germans from him, and the Imperialists 
 everywhere publish the French edict against the Evangelicals, and 
 put the worst construction upon it. Everything is quiet in Switzer- 
 land ; about the end of this month they wiU hold a Diet, in which 
 they will treat of a Helvetic league among all the cantons, 
 which renewal is especially necessary at this time. [Latin. Two 
 pages:\ 
 
 Dec. 2. 503. The Council to the Lord High Admiral Clinton. Francisco 
 
 arrived with his letters on Monday forenoon. Request that, if 
 his health will permit, he wiU personally present his Majesty's gift 
 to the Princess Elizabeth, now at Blois. Acquaint him with the 
 proceedings of the trial and sentence of the Duke of Somerset The 
 French Ambassador has this day received from his Majesty the 
 ratification of the treaty. The King sends by the bearer a chain of 
 gold of the value of 300 crowns and upwards, to be presented by the 
 Admiral to Mons. De I'Aubespine, the French King's Secretary, 
 with his Majesty's thanks for the goodwill and diligence always 
 vised by Mons. De I'Aubespine towards the affairs of this i^ealm. 
 [Three ])ages. Draft. Panted, disjointedly, by Ti/tler, VoL ii., 
 pp. 63, 97.] 
 
 Dec. 4. 504. Henry II., King of France, to King Edward VI. Thanking 
 
 Fontainebleau. his Majesty for the handsome present of horaea brought by Sir 
 Jacques Granado. [Countersigned by De I'Aubespine^ Fmnck 
 Broadside.] 
 
 Dec. 4. 50.'). Sir Thomas Chamberlain to Sir WiUiam Cecil. Thanks 
 
 BrueicU. liim for his letter just received, and refera for particulars to his 
 coiiiinon letters until ho has more leisure to ivply, meanwhile will 
 not forget the tliiiign MJiich ho rocommoiukMl to him. Requests him 
 to b(^ iiienn niilo Lnrd Pombroko for lijs money stayed by his Lord- 
 sliip in Mr. Miiilnmy's linud'j, for lie has great need thereof, and 
 (•s|)(',ci!illy now lli.it tin- CihuHMi doth lomovo, which will cost liim 
 every diiy 12 Hliilliiii^'H in hidfjjingn only, besides caniage. If his 
 Jj(inl,sliip will take bin bill to i\n.s\ver the thing claimed at all times, 
 HO far (IS ciui it be jiroveil ho reeciyed ought of the same iron 
 mill, and so let liim enjoy his money, ho would be much hound to 
 his Lordshiii. [Unc j^'gi'-] 
 
EDWAED VI. 
 
 201 
 
 1551. 
 Dec. 5. 
 Venice. 
 
 Dec. 5. 
 Venice. 
 
 Dee. 5. 
 
 Brussels. 
 
 606. Peter Vannes to the Council. Concerning the loss of the 
 ship Kagazona. [Tivo pages. This letter is a verbatim copy of that 
 to the Council of Ziith November previoits.] 
 
 507. Same to same. The 5,000 [sic] landskneclits lately arrived 
 are at present in the territory of Parma, and have required of the 
 Duke of FeiTara the city of Reggio near Mirandola, wherein to 
 quarter themselves this winter, and if he will not deliver it they 
 will venture to take it perforce, feigning to have so in commission 
 from the Emperor. To this the Duke will not consent, fearing that 
 if once they are in he will not easily regain possession of it. Where- 
 fore he makes all plain, with divers other breaches and fortifications 
 about the town, manning and provisioning it well in case of any 
 attack. In like manner he strengthens all his other places, and 
 specially Ferrara. To prove his neutrality, the Duke has issued a 
 proclamation forbidding either French or Spaniards to sojourn any 
 long space in Ferrara, which always used to be a resort for all kinds 
 of people, especially military, by reason of its proximity to Parma 
 and iUrandola. Of this latter city the Bishop of Rome's men daily 
 continue the siege, and have commenced to construct other forts, for 
 the disturbance of which many sorties are made, much to the hurt 
 of the Papists. During this vacation time Parma has been well 
 supplied with provisions of all sorts, and 10,000 of the unprofitable 
 sort of people have been put out of the town, which thus well 
 furnished and with well-willing soldiers is nothing afeared. In 
 Piedmont is nothing but occasional skirmishing. The Imperialists 
 write that the Turks have been driven out of Transylvania with the 
 loss of 2,000 men. The King of Bohemia and his wife have arrived 
 at Milan, whence they proceed to Mantua and then to Isbrowgh 
 [Inspruck] where the Emperor looks daily for their coming. The 
 Seigniory have received letters from Piedmont to the effect that the 
 French have taken by assault and battery a strong castle 12 miles 
 from Turin, a place of importance for their purpose. Notwithstand- 
 ing the beleaguering and vigilance of the Papists, 300 Italian in- 
 fantiy have been brought into Mirandola, a proof that there is 
 no want of victiials there, and of determination to defend the 
 town. At Parma a conspiracy to betray one of the gates to the 
 Imperialists has been detected ; some of the parties have been taken, 
 and the rest have fled. There are news from Hungary that the 
 Tartarians have joined the Turks, and have taken a town called 
 Lippa, killing the most part of the men and taking the rest, to the 
 number of 800, prisoners. [Two pages.] Annexed, 
 
 507. I. " The copye of the newes wrytten in English," being the 
 
 circumstances mentioned in the preceding letter. [Italian. 
 Three pages.] 
 
 508. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to Sir William Cecil. Urges the 
 remittance of his money stayed by Lord Pembroke, as these postings 
 do waste his money. He can bear witness that their merchants 
 have never worse sales, for having employed the most part of the 
 money of his diets late received, because he would not use the 
 exchange exhibited, which is nevertheless almost as much used as 
 tofore, and. so come down from 19 to 17 shillings, he cannot sell one 
 cloth but to loss. [Two pages-l 
 
202 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 Dec. 6. 
 
 Inspruok. 
 
 Dec. 7. 
 Brussels. 
 
 Dec. 8. 
 
 Milan. 
 
 Dec. 10. 
 
 Htriubarg. 
 
 509. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir William Cecil. Wotton -writes to 
 him how careful Cecil was that he should choose such time to speak 
 for Morysine as ho might hope to be well heard. Acknowledges his 
 benevolence, and will lay it up where moths shall not consume 
 any part thereof If Wotton would now particularly speak to a 
 few, as he has generally sued to all, the matter would easily take 
 effect. Is desirous to have news of the Duke and his adherents, 
 many questions being put to hira. He says as much as he can, but 
 loves to be able to warrant his talk. As yet he has no diets or any 
 word of them. As God help him, lie would think it less pain to 
 starve, than still to sue and never to speed. His man is gone, and 
 now he wishes that the money which is spent by the way had been 
 kept, as it would have stopped a gap here this lenten Christmas. 
 Yet who would tarry as he has tarried, still gaping, and still afraid 
 diets will never come ? He would money were as evil as ever it was, 
 then he should at the least have 10 for 20, where now nothing 
 comes. [One page.] 
 
 510. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to same. WiU learn by his 
 common letters to what good end his proceedings have come. The 
 bearer, Mr. Mory sine's man, has excused him an express messenger, 
 which else he would have sent to declare his conclusions about the 
 relaxing of the ships as the same did require. Thus his money 
 wastes, for the bearer, as he saith, arrived with six batzes and there- 
 fore hath of him 1 2 angels to bring him home, advanced at request 
 of Morysine. It is pity that such as are well furnished have not 
 such places as this, which cannot be served without expenses and 
 bearing of an honest port. [Tivo pages.} 
 
 511. Sir William Pickering to the CotmciL Had received their 
 letters of 2d curt. Had only done his duty in transmitting the 
 document for which they are pleased to commend him. The French 
 King has granted permission for the exportation to England of 400 
 tons more wheat than had been asked, the same to be received in 
 Gascony and Guienne, because that in the parts of Picardy and 
 Normandy there is great scarcity this year. On Monday last, at 
 mass time, the King sent for the Lord Admiral and him to his 
 chapel, and there formally ratified the treaty, and delivered it to the 
 Admiral. Upon Sunday night the Lord Admiral was sumptuously 
 feasted by the King, who was pleased to place Pickering at his own 
 board, and the rest of the gentlemen at a side table. Sir Jacques 
 Granado has taken his leave, and has in reward from the King, the 
 Queen, and the Daupliin, tliree chains, in value by estimation 800 
 crowns. The King s Majesty will receive from hence six curtails, 
 three Spanish horses, one Turk, a Baibary, one courser, and two 
 little mules, [l^wo pages.} 
 
 512. Christopher Mount to Socrotaries Sir William Petre aiid Sir 
 William (]ecil. Transmits tlie conditions of the capitulation of 
 Magdeburg. The soldii-rs who wtiv in and about the city have 
 hiMiii liircd by Duko (loovifo of Mecklenburg, now restored to liberty, 
 but how thoy nvr. to bo employed is not yet known. Count Albert 
 of Mansfeldt, who during the whole time of the siege in the city was 
 negotiating with regard to his wife's dowiy, has left the castle, and 
 
EDWARD VI. 203 
 
 1551. 
 
 some hope to his sons of obtaining their father's possessions. The 
 brother of the King of Denmark has been elected by the Chapters 
 to the bishoprics of Bremen and Hildesheim ; but Henry Duke of 
 Brunswick had 16 years ago taken possession of a considerable 
 part of the diocese of Hildesheim, which the Bishop elect it is said 
 will attempt to recover ; wherefore the Duke of Brunswick raises 
 troops. The present winter is pregnant with warlike events. The peo- 
 ple here are summoned to the Council on the Feast of the Conversion 
 of St. Paul, but they make very tardy preparations. For the Duke 
 of Wirtemberg and Maurice demand conditions from the Council 
 which they will not easily obtain ; the first of these being, that 
 impartial and neutral judges shall be selected both by the Council 
 and the Protestants, who shall determine the religious questions 
 controverted according to the Holy Scriptures, as they cannot 
 trust these very serious points to the Roman Pontiff and his 
 partizans ; the other, that the Council shall proceed de novo, and 
 not suffer injury to be done to the doctrine of the universal Church 
 by the prejudices and Ul-considered decrees of the few formerly 
 present, or condemn unheard the doctrines of their opponents, 
 which they know to be in accordance with those of the prophets 
 and apostles. Such requests have been preferred to the Council in 
 writing by the Ambassadors of Wirtemberg. Those of Maurice 
 desire the same from the Emperor ; they seem to him rather to seek 
 grounds for refusing the Council than to expect to obtain what they 
 ask. The banishing of the preachers of Augsburg has unmasked the 
 designs of the crocodile. [^Latin. Two pages.] Incloses, 
 
 512. I. Conditions of the capitulation of Magdeburg. The city 
 shall pay to the Emperor 50,000 [crowns], and six pieces 
 of artillery. They shall restore the forts sometime occu- 
 pied to the magistrates. They shall ask pardon before 
 the Elector and Schwend on bended knees. Their Prince 
 will derive this reward and benefit by the war being 
 terminated, that the people of Magdeburg shall be con- 
 stituted into a county (Burgravium), and enjoy his pre- 
 sidency and protection fm^ ever ; and thus a firm and 
 lasting peace is established between the House of Saxony 
 and the city, profitable for both. But whatever right the 
 magistrates had in it is now taken from them. . . . 
 [Defective. Latin. Half a page.] 
 
 Dec. 13. 513. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir William Cecil. Thanks him 
 Inspruek. for his friendly letters. Used as he is to the want of all kinds of 
 comforts, such new come guests come very welcome to him. His 
 wife knows, when he lays his frowning aside, that some friend has 
 laid his skin smooth, which else wrinkleth, although months went 
 not so fast away as years come upon him. As gladly understands 
 that the Duke and his shall be openly arraigned, as it is all their 
 comforts who serve abroad when they are as able to answer, as 
 others are free to oppose them. And yet no gladder that they shall 
 be charged at the bar, than he is with all his heart sorry that any 
 of them hath deserved to be seen there. But when he sees Sir 
 Thomas Arundel to be one, and the Earl another, he supposes Sir 
 
204 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 Thomas to bo the root of as much miscliief as might have budded 
 out of this practice. He has a head able enough to set them all 
 upon as c\ il a work as this they had in hand, be it as big as it can 
 bo. It seldoin happens that a man's head aches for giving good 
 counsel ; and it happens even as seldom that viahcm conailium non 
 sit coiitiiiltiir! pesKlviitm. Longs to know more of the matter; a 
 few lines will serve ; if they may not, the subject is such as a good 
 many may seem well bestowed. Gives more thanks for his January 
 (lifts than Cecil is wont to look for, how many soever he willingly 
 deserves ; and yet he must say that as yet his July diets are not 
 come hither, not having at this present, so God help him! of as 
 many as he has borrowed, more than 43 ducats in all the world. 
 True it is he looks this night for some from Schorer, who maj' be as 
 weary of lending as he is of borrowing ; not that he would seem to 
 be so, but telleth Morysine till his comes he shall have part of his 
 own. Must be allowed posting from hence to Augsburg, else his 
 letters may sometimes be seen. One of his men will ride it in two 
 days and a half, else he must send but the occurrents, bare as they 
 come, using no discourses at all. Has written a word or two in his 
 letter to the Council, and begs Cecil will signify their answer to 
 him, and he will do as he may understand they mean he should. His 
 wife unites her hearty commendations to Cecil and his lady. [Two 
 27a<jes. Indorsed by Cecil.] 
 
 Dec. 1.5. 514. The Lord High Admiral Chnton to the Council. On 
 St. Denis. Monday se'ennight left the Court, and came to Paris in the hope of 
 recovering his health, but has been compelled to substitute Sir 
 William Pickering for presenting the King's gift to the Princess 
 Elizabeth, and this day takes his journey towards Calais, being evil 
 able to travel, having a double quartan. The gift presented to him 
 by the French King is in value 3,400 crowns, all in gilt plate, 
 saving two small cups of gold, which make up the just sum aforesaid. 
 [Two 2'>ngcs. I'Aiited by Tytler, Vol. '\\., p. 100.] 
 
 Dec. 1."). 515. Sir William Pickering to same. With reference to the 
 Paris. contents of their letter of 2-ith October last, relating to the com- 
 plaints of certain English merchants in Normandy, the Constable 
 has directed the Baron de la Garde to inquire into the cu-cumstances 
 and give redress. In consequence of his continued illness, the Lord 
 Admiral is obliged to leave Paris this day, and has delivered to 
 Pickering a diamond ring, to be presented bv him to the Princess 
 Elizabeth as a token from his Majesty, likewise a chain of the value 
 of 300 crowns for M. Do I'Aubospine. It is rumoui-ed that M. de 
 Vcndoine has received an overthrow in an enterprise he made upon 
 a town on the IVontiors. f V'lro jwycs-.] 
 
 Dcc.lS. 51(i. Same to Sir William (Veil. Una presently put to 
 .St. i)cnl«. binding for him tlueo books : l<',uelid Mith the figures in a small 
 vohiiTie, and two disemir.ses, one of Maehiavelli, the other of Mons. 
 Long. l)(ieH not know of any \w\v works, but of one out of Italy, 
 whicli i.s not got abromi, but .slmll bo sent as soon as it conies into 
 his hands. If tho logieal demon.stration whereof Cecil lately wrote 
 wero converted into geometrical, ho sliould surely have good cause 
 
EDWAED VI. 
 
 205 
 
 1551. 
 
 Dec. 19. 
 Harburg. 
 
 Dec. 21. 
 Vilna. 
 
 Dec. 2i. 
 
 Strasburg. 
 
 Dec. 25. 
 
 Paris. 
 
 to praise much that metamorphosis. Seeing he is but a curse craver, 
 and a much worse beggai", reason requireth the plan should be con- 
 sidered ; and he thinketh high time, for here all things pass pour 
 Vargent comptant ; and though he has hitherto deserved nothing, 
 yet that he sink not before he may deserve, prays Cecil to pro- 
 cure that he may have the one, or that he may shortly be quit of 
 the other. Has just received Cecil's and Hoby's letter touching 
 a Scottish suit, which he shall attend to at convenient season. 
 Eequests a passport for Lord Tillebarne [TuUibardine], with 10 
 servants and their baggage. [One ^^af/e.] 
 
 £17. Baron Joachim Maltzan to King Edwar4 VI. Had been 
 sent to England as Envoy from the Duke of Mecklenburg, but when 
 about 20 German miles from Harburg had encountered such a storm 
 as di-ove them back. Being unwilling at this season of the year to 
 expose himself again to the like danger, he has sent his credentials 
 to Master Alasco. [Latin. One page. Indorsed by Cecil.] 
 
 518. Sigismund- Augustus, King of Poland, to same. John 
 k Warden, Burgrave and Consul of Dantzic, has complained 
 that the factor of Adrian and Michael Koesler, his sons-in-law, 
 whom they maintained at the public Hanse house of London, called 
 the Schtalhow [Steelyard], had been maliciously accused of having, 
 when alive, traded contrary to the privileges of the Teutonic Hanse, 
 and in derogation of the King of England's customs ; wherefore all 
 the goods which they have in the cities of London and HoUen 
 [Hull] had been arrested. Of this they are quite innocent, relying 
 on the integrity of the proceedings, and desire to clear themselves 
 not only by the mandatory whom they have sent for that purpose, 
 but also personally if needs be. His Majesty therefore requires a 
 safe-conduct and audience for them, and if they have in any way 
 through ignorance offended, begs that they may be forgiven. 
 [Latin. One page.] 
 
 519. Christopher Mount to Sir William Petre and Sir William 
 Cecil It appears that the Emperor will return from the delibera- 
 tions of the Council to arms in Germany. It is Jiow a year since a 
 similar tragedy seemed to be in preparation for the country of 
 Bremen ; but the first actors of that play were engaged to sustain the 
 tragic and heroic characters, the present performers seem to have 
 stronger thews and sinews. The unexpected denouement of this 
 play is, that they who took up arms for the clergy now seem about 
 to oppose the bishops, but it is this change for which they have 
 peremptorily cited the Lutheran fathers to Trent. [Latin. Half a 
 page.] 
 
 520. Sir William Pickering to Sir William Cecil. The books 
 whereof he wrote in his last are now converted into a New Testament 
 in Greek ; I'Horloge de Princes ; le Discours de la Guerre de Laug- 
 nay, and notes to the Ethics of Aristotle in Italian, which will be 
 conveyed by this merchant courier. Had the bookbinder kept faith, 
 others would have accompanied them, which for lack of leisure could 
 not be finished according to Pickering's mind, as the binder's haste 
 
206 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551. 
 
 may be perceived by one of those sent being neither ruled nor 
 washed. God give him the quartan ! This day he departs by two 
 posts to Blois, to deliver the King's token ; this should have been 
 done sooncu-, if it had not been fur lack of a good shift in coming 
 by crowns to convey him thither. Many letters have promised him 
 plenty one day, but qui spe aluidur pendunt non vivunt ; neither 
 may such promises bring a man two leagues' towards his next bait 
 in this country. If lie were where he might sell his land he would 
 not lack ; but fac ut revertat, out ut hie vivere poaait, like his man 
 whose he is. Incloses the French King's letter in behalf of the two 
 merchants concerning whom Cecil and Hoby wrote. Also copy of 
 the Constable's letter, whereby he may perceive the speedy dispatch 
 of the English merchants' matters in these quarters. His lean uncle 
 Sir Robert Ughtred returns with the next despatch, both on busi- 
 ness of his own and Pickering's. Recommends him strongly to 
 Cecil's attention, as " the King hath many bigger bodies, but a truer 
 heart in my conscience he hath not in his realm, nor a meeter man 
 to serve in any charge he shall be commended to." The hearer 
 hereof is " the merchants' post and a very knave withaL He would 
 by no means carry these books under six crowns, which I have 
 given him. He would have persuaded me that these were only the 
 occasion of his going by the posts ; when I knew him to have 
 received his hire of these merchants before, to be in London upon 
 New Year's Even. If he arrive not in time, hang him, according to 
 the bargain made with me. Faustum tibi precor huTte novum 
 annum fu ( u rum cum, ceteris omnibus." [Two pages.] 
 
 Dec. 29. o2]. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to Sir William Cecil Had received 
 Bruges. his two letters. Hears that the ships are safely arrived in England 
 Being of Cecil's opinion that no more wealth can be devised for 
 England than peace and quietness while the King is young, does all 
 in his power to persuade to amity both here and everywhere. 
 Hears that the Queen will now lead him to Antwerp, where he 
 hopes to find the figui-es Cecil wishes, and which he has been unable 
 to procure either here or at Brussels. Requests that he may have 
 instructions from the Council how to answer some of the English 
 merchants at Calais and London, who desire to have the Queen's 
 safe-conduct to carry herrings and other wares hence to France, 
 which are here prohibited as well to their own subjects as to the 
 English, except -by special licence and pajing eight in the 120 
 shillings upon a last besides over and above the ordinary customs. 
 From this by the Intercourse the merchants should be exempt, and 
 have their traffic free, ['fkree imgcs.] 
 
 Dec. 29. '>2'2,. Sir William Pickering to same. Had received with his 
 
 Taris. letter of the 22(1 that of liis Miijosty's addressed to the French 
 King, which sluill shortly bo delivered. The reason of his long 
 alweiKMi from the Court may bo sctm by his letters to the Council, 
 wlic^rcby will be undt-iHt.ood his just need. Hopes the books sent 
 liy a merchant's cuurier arrived in good time. As for Euclid and 
 Miiuhiavclli, they were so buggerly bound that he burnt them both 
 T\n: King icturn.s IVom Blois on the 2iM of January. Cecil's friendly 
 Iett(!rs to Mr, Baruaby [FitzpatrickJ were no less praiseworthy, 
 
EDWARD VI. 207 
 
 1551. 
 
 than a very sign of his good affection towards him. His good and 
 gentle nature, so much inclined to virtue, promises the utter per- 
 formance of all that the letter requires at liis hands. Doubts not a 
 deal but that he will follow to the uttermost point all the good 
 exhortations. [One page and a half.] 
 
 Dec 31. 523. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to Sir WiUiam Cecil. Recommends 
 Bruges. the bearer, Peter Paule, a mariner of this country, who during the last 
 wars before Boulogne served the King with his ship, conveying 
 things to and fro, for which he does not complain to be unpaid and 
 unsatisfied, but because at one time he chanced to be taken by the 
 French, which has been costly to him diverse ways, would crave 
 either the King's licence to carry out certain beer or otherwise. 
 [One pageJ] 
 
 Notes of the several points negotiated by Sir Thomas Chamber- 
 lain in Flanders in 1551. (Extracted from the correspondence of 
 Chamberlain between 23d October and 31st December 1551, in 
 comparatively modern writing.) [Three pages.] 
 
 " Summaria Relatio Controversise inter Caesarem et Regem Ro- 
 manorum." Statement of the claims advanced by the King of the 
 Romans in reference to his rights arising out of the succession of his 
 father and mother, and answers thereto on part of the Emperor. 
 [Latin. Nine pages. Copy.] 
 
 The names of the colonels and number of cavalry which Albert 
 Marquis of Brandenburg has retained for the service of the King of 
 England, in all 3,900. [OerTnan. One page.] 
 
 Annexed, The same in French. [One page.] Indorsed, " The 
 names of the men of warr and coronneUs of Brandenb." 
 
 1551-2. 
 
 Jan. 1. 524. Peter Kmitha, High Marshal of the Kingdom of Poland, 
 
 Cracow. to King Edward VI. Although unknown to his Majesty, and 
 the letter of the King of Poland, his master, stands in no need of 
 support, yet the great affection which subsisted between him and the 
 deceased father of Albert Bischoff impels him to recommend the son 
 in the strongest manner for military employment by his Majesty, 
 and compensation of his sufferings. Such will strengthen the bonds 
 of friendship between the two sovereigns, and secure to his Majesty 
 the devotion of these foreigners. [Latin. One page and a half^ 
 
 Jan. 8. 525. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir WilKam Cecil. His letters to 
 
 Halle. the Council of the 3d inst., are to be sent by the Emperor's post, 
 when he supposes at this time they wUl look what he writes. 
 Wherefore he has written them not as wholly true, but whoUy to be 
 seen of others. If they have looked, they will think he deserves 
 harm enough, that can so hide hurts past. Trusts their lordships 
 will consider that he, who is with this shame turned out of his house, 
 is now no more to go amongst those of Inspruck. If they meant it 
 not to more than to him, he had tarried in Ms house still. God send 
 him never to have to [live] among such a generation ! Supposes he 
 [could die] if need be, much more quietly than live thus. If there 
 be any friends of his, he is sure he shall never tarry here past Easter. 
 Prays God he meet with no fouler play than he has hitherto. He 
 can bear words and go out of his house too, when he is compelled, 
 
208 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1551-2. 
 
 Jan. 13. 
 Greenwich. 
 
 Jan. 14. 
 
 Venice. 
 
 Jan. l^. 
 Bruges. 
 
 Jan. 20. 
 
 LoDgmcrc. 
 
 but he cannot livi\ If they kill him, they will do it with afflictions 
 of the niiud, if other force come short thereof. He can abide the 
 hazard till Easter : if by that time he be no paschal sheep, let him 
 come out of Egypt, and taste of milk and honey at home. 
 
 P.S. Beseeciies him to help hia brother to such posting money 
 of Morysiue's as ho has laid out. If it were in reward, he that 
 rides over the mountains this weather deserves it, though it be a 
 right good one. [One page.] 
 
 526. Minute of Council, to the effect that Chamberlain, his Ma- 
 jesty's Ambassador in Flanders, having been expressly prohibited by 
 the Emperor to have service of the Church of England in his house, 
 the Bishop of Ely and Secretary Petre are directed to inform the 
 Emperor's Ambassador in England that in like manner his Majesty 
 will not suffer him to have mass in his house, or any other thing 
 contrary to the ordinance of this realm accustomed. [Gopyinhand- 
 writing. One page.'] 
 
 Another in handwriting more modern. [Copy. One page.] 
 
 527. Peter Vannes to Francis Yaxley. Thanks him for his affec- 
 tionate letter of the 20th ult. There are little news here, and these 
 more fanciful than certain ; but it is thought on one side that in the 
 beginning of the year there will be great and destructive wars, unless 
 God in his mercy should soften the hardened hearts of Princes. The 
 tempest seems likely to break upon Sienna, which from its beauty 
 and fertility, and small internal union, perhaps, is coveted by aU 
 great Princes. The Viceroy of Naples, with a large force of Spaniards, 
 Germans, and some Italians, begins to march in that direction, ex- 
 pecting that on his reaching it he will receive every assistance from 
 the Duke of Florence, a neighbouring and powerful Prince affectioned 
 to the Emperoi'. On the other hand, the good advices and friendly 
 intervention of Mons. de Thermes have been productive of much good 
 in settling the civil discords and private enmities of that country, 
 and they are much disposed to defend themselves. Besides the Field 
 Marshals and ordinary troops, the French have there 10,000 infantry, 
 and there is no deficiency of fortifications, munitions, and provisions. 
 [T^vo pages.] 
 
 528. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to Sir William Cecil Has sued 
 for some English merchants, apprehended by these folks at the sea, 
 to have their goods upon caution, until by the laAv the same were 
 tried to be theirs and none other, and fai'ther binding themselves not 
 to cairy the same anywhere else than to England, and to bring certi- 
 ficate that they have been there distributed and sold. To this day 
 can get no resolution of the Queen, and is weaiy of so much unkind- 
 ncMH as is here ministered, as he has sufficiently told the Queen and 
 the Councillors. " There was a saying that the good man of this 
 place had taken his leave of the world, but it continueth not ; where- 
 fore I dare not write tlien>of." It is said the Court will go towards 
 Glieiit and Brussels on Tuesday next. [Two pages.] 
 
 52!). Sir William Pickering to same. Specially recommends 
 to luH attention his " lean messenger," Sir Robert Ughtred, 
 who is fully conversant with Pickering's situation, and begs that 
 
EDWARD VI. 209 
 
 1551-2. 
 
 Ughtred's chai-ges may be considered. " He came hither from Blois 
 by the posts, where he hath deferred his journey attending the French 
 King's letters which the Constable promised to send within four 
 days, and now it is hirge 16, and yet the same cannot be seen nor 
 heard of" [One par/e.] 
 
 Jan. 23. 530. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir William Cecil. Perceives by his 
 Halle. servant WestoH how much he is daily indebted to Cecil, to whom he 
 should long since have given part of his thanks, but that his friend 
 Bernardine catcheth all letters that come to him, and delivers them 
 not when he has read them, but when he pleases. Lies four or five 
 English miles from the Court, and will seek to go no nigher till he 
 hears some answer to the letters sent by his brother Hussey. If the 
 Lords bear this injury done as well to them as to him, he will never 
 blame the Emperor if he do them as many as he can. Florentius is 
 sick of a quartan at Inspruck, and does what he can with the Am- 
 bassador of Cleves, the little trub that was in England, to get such 
 news for Morysine as he can. But never servant so waited upon his 
 master, as Bernardine waits upon Florence to keep him from infor- 
 mation. Yea, where Florence seeks, those doth Bernardine stuff 
 with false rumours, to the intent Morysine should send such 
 stuff home. Never knew spite but in this crouching and hypocriti- 
 cal wretch. Florence lies in the cliamber of the Emperor's poticary, 
 whither Bernardine goes three or four times a day, and makes the 
 poticary believe he has wrenched his finger, and so comes as it were 
 for salve. By lying where he does, Florence might at some times 
 hear of the biggest news ; and he might elsewhere learn plenty, if this 
 spiteful creature did not as much as lies in him to deface him. It is 
 much that such a man may do who cares almost neither what he 
 says nor what he does. If Bernardine tarry here, Morysine must 
 needs do the King as evil service as ever was done him. He shall 
 know nothing, besides his letters shall still be ransacked. To be 
 plain, he is in doubt of harm, if Bernardine be able to hire any that 
 dare do it. Howsoever the matter go, let them be sured. Mr. Mount 
 has been away a great while, and wiU. come with all his heart, so this 
 man be not here. For he being here. Mount shall never do so much 
 with honesty, as he may trouble with his unhonest shifts. If neither 
 money will be gotten, nor licence, nor Stockton farm, nor anything 
 else, for God's sake let him be helped to beg at home, rather than to 
 dishonour his master with his beggary abroad ! Would gladly that 
 Weston might have some desj)atch or other to him. If he is not on 
 the way, entreats Cecil to help him to it. Cares now but to come 
 home alive, so is he afraid of Italian practices. Let Cecil, for God's 
 sake, fear with him, and rid him of Bernardine, if it be possible, and 
 join him with his old Bernardine again, who does no more agree in 
 name than they swerve in all conditions. Abel had written to him 
 on the 11th of November, but the letter did not arrive till the 11th 
 of this month. In this Abel told him he might take up IQOl. of his 
 in Antwerp ; but he that caught the letter knew 1 00?. would have done 
 Morysine good, and tlierefore kept it till he might know by another 
 letter from Abel that the money is no more there. Had received 
 Abel's last letter before his first came to hand, lest he would have 
 
 o 
 
210 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 15;3I-2. 
 
 Feb. 1. 
 
 Fontaincbleau, 
 
 Feb. 11. 
 
 Brussels. 
 
 Feb. 12. 
 Paris. 
 
 Feb. 12. 
 Taris. 
 
 Dover, 
 
 wi'itten for tlie money. Craves the pity and help of his friends, if 
 they will suo him any more, 
 
 P.S. Florence would have gone to commons with a number of 
 ItalinuH, but liuinardine brought it to pass that they would none 
 of him. Is iiut 300 crowns a year, and a noble a day, well bestowed 
 upon such a man ? [Three pages.] 
 
 531. Henry XL, King of France, to King Edward VI. The 
 vessel of a merchant of Paris, named William le Gras, bound for 
 Portugal in 15 42, during time of peace, had been driven by stress of 
 weather into the Isle of Wight, and there confiscated. Bequests 
 some compensation may be made to the man for his loss. [Signed, 
 " Voire hon fr^re, p^re, cuusiii, compare et alii/, Henry," and 
 countersigned by Be I'Aubeapine. French. One page.] 
 
 532. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to Sir William CecU. K, as is 
 here reported, his Majesty is to remove to Wales, entreate that 
 before the departure of the Court some order may be taken for a 
 prest of his diets for six months in advance. Wots not what shift 
 to make, for he shall neither be able to keep table here as he has 
 done, nor despatch his posts, however important matters may be to 
 be certified ; for here is no money to be gotten, and that that is, only 
 at 25 per cent. This has ever been the case since his coming 
 hither, and all the longer the worse ; and has not only consumed 
 all his Majesty's allowance for his diets, but has brought him into 
 debt besides. Trusts that his poor ability may be considered, aa 
 their Lordships know that he has not a foot of land to sell where- 
 with to furnish this charge, or anything else in England more than 
 some hundred marks pension by the year. [T^vo pages.] 
 
 533. Sir William Pickering to same. Thanks him for his 
 account of the opening of Parliament, and refers him to the letters 
 to the Council for intelligence of occurrents at the French Court. 
 Requests that he will procure the augmenting of Mr. Bamaby 
 Fitzpatrick's entertainment here. 300?. will stand him in small 
 stead, though his horses be sent him out of England. [Tuo pa^es. 
 Indorsed by Cecil. Printed by Tytler, Vol. n.,p. 106.] 
 
 534. Bamaby Fitzpatrick to same. Thanks him for his gentle 
 letter ; the care that Cecil has for him is more fatherly than friendly. 
 
 P.S. (itidograph.) " Hie recipies libellum indusum in quO omnia 
 nostra nova continentur." [One page. Pri)iti'd in "Literary 
 Rcriiaivs of King Edward VI.," Vol i., ?>. 77. Ro-vburghe CM, 
 1857.] 
 
 535. Sir Philip Hoby to same. The slackness of such 
 untoward ])erHons as wore cominnnded to convoy his stuff from 
 (iniveHimd stayed him there -well near half a day longer than 
 needed, and foiceil him te punish their fault by committing two of 
 them to wttiil to lemn others to obey the King's commands better 
 thercaftoi-. It mIsd letted him from eoniing hither sooner than late 
 last night, and now ho is eoiii])elled to M'liit on the weather, which 
 evi'r siTiee his cominf.^ has continued so stormy as no man here dare 
 liaziird to iiiiMs ovei'. In the meantime he desires to be informed 
 wlifUier the eopper plate ahall be taken in exchange for the Kings 
 
EDWARD VI. 211 
 
 1551-2. 
 
 gunpowder in the manner lately devised, and whether the 10,000?. 
 Flemish shall be taken up at Antwerp in May for his Majesty's 
 service, for such interest and such manner as was lately communed 
 of at Gresham's being at the Court. Immediately on arriving at 
 Calais he will send to Mr. Gresham, and require that they may meet 
 at Bruges, in order that by conference with him he may know what 
 Gresham has done in the matter committed to his charge, and be 
 better able to guide himself thereafter to the King's profit. [One 
 page.] 
 
 Feb. 20. 536. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir William Cecil. It can be no short 
 Halle. letter that brings so many good news at once, nor he worthy 
 such friendship if he did not owe as many thanks as time shall make 
 him able to pay. Knows what it is, by former talks, to work 
 minds ; and therefore reckons Cecil's labour in directing the minds 
 of the Councillors {in Greek) among the best of benefits. Yet at 
 this time he can hut lay them with the rest, trusting he shall one 
 day find Cecil at leisure, and then, though he fall not to rendering 
 for want of help, he will yet fall to a reckoning, and where nothing 
 is paid acknowledge as much as is due. Was sorry to hear that 
 mercy is banished out of the world (on to sKsos* sx toO x6(ri/.ou 
 a7roS)]/A»jT^f Eo-Ti), and as glad that Bridewell shall have some 
 new tenant, or not her old. Would be loth it should turn to a 
 jeofail ; not merry till he hears he is elsewhere lodged. All were 
 as it should be, if some Bishop might have lain in it till the Par- 
 liament had been full ended ; for this was the top of their spite done 
 to him that he must out, and then a Bishop must succeed him, and 
 now it must be kept for John Manricke. If the plaudits of Cecil's 
 letter turn as true as he wishes the rest of it, he may fortune to end 
 their spites here, and they less glad of his going than he sorry to 
 be rid of their company. Requests that Weston may be despatched 
 to him, if he be not gone already. Would fain this feast were once 
 at a point. Happy and thrice happy is Peter Vannes (in Greek) 
 that serves where he is made of, and is where great service may be 
 done as the times shape ! Would Vannes were as weary of being 
 there as he is of being here, and that he might spend a year or two 
 there ! He, like a fool, does that which is vain, for they to whom 
 good fortune happens require friends, and these great ones (in 
 Greek). Does but utter his dreams, not doubting but Cecil is a 
 Joseph, and can become a right interpreter of them. Sends his 
 hearty commendations to Lady Cecil. [Two pages, partly in 
 Greek.] 
 
 Feb. 24 537. Colonel William Wallerthum to King Edward VI. In- 
 Lunenburg. forms his Majesty that in consequence of the surrender of Magde- 
 burg numbers of excellent troops are to be had. Requests that his 
 pension and perquisites as Knight may not be affected by the altera- 
 tion of the currency in England. Is to be married immediately 
 after Easter, and should be glad of the presence of one of his 
 Majesty's Commissioners in Germany thereat, and also a nuptial 
 gift, for his greater honour and the defraying of the necessary 
 expenses. [Latin. Four pages.] 
 
 * Is there here concealed any allusion to the Bishop of Ely ? 
 
 O 2 
 
212 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS.. 
 
 1 5.-1-2. 
 
 F.4.. 28. 
 
 Brussels. 
 
 March 4. 
 
 Antwerp. 
 
 March i. 
 
 Paris. 
 
 March 6. 
 Halle. 
 
 638. Mary Queen Regent of Fknders to King Edward VI. Re^ 
 credentials of Sir Philip llohy. Her Majesty's anxious desire to 
 preHcrve the existing amity between the Emperor and his Majesty. 
 [One 2)t(iji'.] 
 
 539. Sir Thoma.s Cliaiuliurliiin to Sir William Cecil Beseeches 
 CV'cil will bear with so evil a Secretary as he i.s, as he is not the first 
 known to have a better feeling than they could express. Trusts he 
 may never have any otiior true report of him, but that he does here 
 feed the Princes with all gentle and pleasant words such as he knows 
 them to be accustomed with. And when ought is amiss, he does 
 lament the case, and does persuade liere first what he can, and then 
 because he takes tliat he is only here for to give heed unto the 
 observations of the intercourse with the stipulations and covenants 
 agreed upon between the Princes necessary for both, he does address 
 as he does find, lest in such part negligence might be imputed unto 
 him. Shall be seen every day amended, and tlie better for his good 
 admonition, for the whicli most heartily thanks him, and will rest 
 bound unto him for ever. Requests permission to return home for 
 a month or two for his private business, tiie meaning whereof Ifr. 
 Hoby can declare. The figures which Cecil wants shall be sent iis 
 soon as they are perfectly done. Sends his steward for the advance- 
 ment of his diets, without which, even if he has permission to 
 return, he will be unable to do so. [Four jw^ges.] 
 
 540. Sir William Pickering to same. Thanks him for continued 
 favour, and requests that he will have the payment of his allowances 
 now due for 1 4> months, properly calculated. These are plainly set 
 forth in the statement of Mr. Pecham ; if that of Mr. Williams is 
 adopted he will lose six months. Prays him to help by his good 
 knowledge the ignorance of Mr. Smith, who is called home by the 
 King's letter upon relation of some of his superstitious demeanours 
 in these parts. This he thinks Cecil may very easily do, and so 
 restore a sheep somewhat gone astray unto Christian flock again. 
 " He were well won, for the rest of his conditions, as I have heard, 
 be such as promisetli some good service at his liands." [Two 
 pages.] 
 
 541. Sir Richard Morysine to same. As all men of natui-e 
 be [not] given to allow logical conclusions, so geometrical demon- 
 strations, which 1)L' at those days haidly found in Univei-sities, are not 
 to be looked for in the Courts of great Kiuga For his own part he 
 is content to leave fortune to time, and opportunity to fortune {in 
 Greek). They go together, and he that cannot overtake the one may 
 chance come short of thi> other. As foi' tlie attempts of Bernardine, 
 which IliM man tells him be nmiiy. will only say that, if what he 
 writ(^M lie false it shall turn to his sliame, if it be true what he lays 
 to Mory.siiie'.s charge, it must and will be acknowledged. But he 
 bclicvoH that when BiMiiardiiie has done his worst against him, it 
 will turn to his best, .lli.s man tells him Bernardine should write 
 )iH he heai'd that Morysine's house wtw for the King, and the King 
 had it to h\H use, and there lay no Bi.shop in it. Hardly believes 
 that, though Bornardiuo will stick to say nothing that being said 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 213 
 
 1551-2. 
 
 1552. 
 Mar. 31. 
 
 Hamburg. 
 
 Mar. 31. 
 
 Hamburg. 
 
 April 9. 
 
 may seem to servo liis turn, he should be so impudent as to say this 
 to any man, much less write it to any Councillor. Wishes to see 
 the head of his letters (i )i Greek). Howbeit what needs he pass 
 what untruth Bernardino lays unto him, so he be where he may 
 answer it and have no wrong ? Is content that Bernardine say all, 
 and be first heard, not mistrusting that their LordshifjS will keep 
 one ear for him till he comes where he may declare himself. For 
 the accusation would have no force with those who heard it, until 
 the party accused, having an opportunity to make his defence, 
 should be unable to free himself from the charges brought against 
 him (in Greek). Germany was never like to be in a greater stir. 
 God send all to the glory of His name, and either to the wealth of 
 Christendom, or to the warning of those that "will not know Him 
 but by their own scourges ! [Ttuo jMges. Partly in Greek] 
 
 5i2. Conrad Pfenning (eques auratus) to King Edward VI. 
 Offers his services to his Majesty through the medium of his son-in- 
 law John Smalhausen. [Latin. One page.] 
 
 543. Conrad Pfenning (eques auratus) to the Duke of Northum- 
 berland. Requests his Grace's good services towards his son-in-law 
 John Smalhausen, bearer of letter from him to the King of England. 
 [Latin. One page.] 
 
 544. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir William Cecil. If there be no 
 other way to relieve him, begs Cecil that suit shall bo made for him 
 to have in loan 1,000^. upon gage of 100?. by year. He made 
 Stephen Hales his proctor, to sell and do all other things for him in 
 his absence, but by no entreaty can he bring Hales to sell half as 
 fast as he would. Would God the Lords of the Council did some- 
 times think of his bareness, and either would call him hence, 
 or make him able to be here ! Has wished a hundred times some of 
 them would tell Stephen Hales he shall lie by the heels, in case he 
 does not his best to sell some of the land. Whether he comes away 
 or not, this is no time for a fearful woman to travel in, no time 
 for her to lug a great belly through Germany. God send them some 
 comfort, or no life ! Would he beg it where he can so hardly speed, 
 if there were any way of his own to help himself withal ? Shall 
 never take so much pleasure by land kept, gotten, or given, as he 
 takes sorrows for that he cannot get Hales to despatch some piece 
 of that little that is left. Prays Cecil to say that he will entreat 
 others to stir Hales to it, if neither of them are able to make him 
 fall to the sale of it. If Hales will sell no land for him, what will 
 the Lords have him to do ? Shall he in Italy seek to borrow, that 
 so hardly can find any here in Germany that dare lend him ? If 
 he puts his men away, if he leaves his wife a sojourner, without 
 board wages, the shame may fall to his share, but some others must 
 part blame with him. Who can make provision where they look 
 every hour to remove ? How must they buy things, where men 
 know their stuff" is ready trussed up, and they fleeting every day ? 
 He would once again send Weston, but that he has sent already 
 more than he wishes he had. He has no such plenty of money, nor 
 they at home such store of pity, as he can make them feel any 
 
214 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1/552. 
 
 parcel of his misery. Cecil's friendsliip has not wanted, and yet is 
 he JL miser. Will nevertheless hope the Lords do not mean he 
 should still be quite without help. If they wiU he be, it must be so 
 .still ; for unless they bestow relief or Cecil forces his brother to sell 
 land, he finds no third way. Wishes Cecil never to be an Ambas- 
 sador, for which wish Cecil is bound to owe him a good deal of good 
 will. 
 
 P.S. If these letters tarry by the way, he cannot do withal ; he 
 is fain to send them by Venice. [Two pages.] 
 
 April 12. Sl'.'i. Charles du Moulin, lawyer of Paris, to King Edward VI., 
 
 Pnris. presenting his Majesty with a copy of a work composed by him 
 
 and dedicated to his Majesty's father-in-law. King Henry II. of 
 
 France.* [French. Two pages. Indorsed erroneously as from 
 
 Claude du Moulin.'] 
 
 April 23. 546. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir William Cecil Spends 
 Inspruck. money once again, in hope that some will come in lieu of it. If 
 not, he shall shortly to the hospital. His wife is driven from hiin ; 
 her belly is too ^eat for to welcome great fear. His man is his 
 letter, and therefore he will in this protest a memory of Cecil's 
 gentleness and a lack of time in himself. Wishes him health and 
 heart's ease, an herb that grows not in gardens in thia naughty 
 country ; and therefore they that want it, and are in small hope to 
 come by it, may largely wish it to others. [One page.] 
 
 May 19. .517. Sir William Pickering to same. Urges Cecil to endeavour 
 The CLimp at to procure liis recall, as he is already tired and more than half 
 a eriing. ^yj^g^eji jjg may no more. Besides he most mislikes so many 
 fair words in the matters of the English merchants still without any 
 good effect. He and all his have suffered this camping time with 
 most uncourteous handling in all things, and the rest of the Ambas- 
 sadors are in the same predicament. He has complained, and the 
 King himself has spoken, and yet still from evil to worse. Requests 
 a continuance of his good counsels to Mr. Barnaby [Fitz-pata-ick], 
 not for any lack perceived in his virtues, but because of their great 
 importance to him, and that thereby he may pereevere in the same. 
 Ho is already a good soldier, and attends daily upon the King in 
 armour. The courtesy and entertainment he has hitherto received 
 is not worth the writing. Is glad to hear of Cecil's i-ecovery of 
 health. 
 May 26. P.S., from Mciz. — Requests he will inform their Lordships of 
 Metz. Francisco'.s difficulties and risks in following the camp "until his 
 arrival here. The Ambassadors are uncourteously commanded and 
 liceiiseil amongst nnjx'dimoiia to depai't the oimp, and are from 
 iKuicoforth addressed to tlie Queen and Council at Chalons in all 
 i\vxY masters' ji Hairs. "At shutting up of this journey, in recompence 
 of all, the CdveriKir licio hath handled me very uncourteously in 
 suffering 500 carriap;es to enter and mine to remain all night at the 
 gate.s for any jiriiyer \ eould make, and in the end with half an 
 
 * Comm. ad Gdlilmn Ilcnrici II., contra parvns datas et abusus Curim Romans. Lugd. 1552. 4to 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 215 
 
 1552. 
 
 July 12. 
 Villacli. 
 
 July 12. 
 
 Strasburg. 
 
 ungentle commandment to myself to depart the town in the morning, 
 "which seemed to me more strange, for that I had sent him word 
 before that I had some business in despatching a courier for England, 
 and that all my horses were unshod, and I myself somewhat evil 
 disposed, therefore very willing to remain the next day, as I must 
 do of force." [Two pages and a half. Indorsed erroneously the 
 9th of 3f ay.] 
 
 548. John Frederick Duke of Saxony to King Edward VI. 
 Returns thanks for the joy manifested by his Majesty on learning 
 his liberation by the Emperor after his five years' detention, as com- 
 municated by Sir Richard Morysine and others. Still follows the 
 Emperor's Court, because these troublous times prevent him from 
 returning home safely. Congratulates him on the expulsion of Anti- 
 christ from England and the preaching of the word of God ; and 
 doubts not that any errors stiU remaining in the Church of England 
 (for the rage of the devil has certainly prevented all being corrected 
 at once) will by his Majesty's care be speedily amended. [Latin. 
 Two pages. Indorsed by Cecil.] 
 
 549. Christopher Mount to the Council. The Marquis considering 
 himself unable to encounter the conjoined powers coming agains 
 him in Framcoma, went with his cavalry and small artillery through 
 the country of Duke Maurice and John Frederick in great haste to 
 Saxony, leaving his infantry with the great artillery in four tenable 
 places, viz., Plassenberg, Landsberg, Conenbach,and Sueinfort ; all the 
 rest of his country being burnt and destroyed by his enemies. The 
 Bishop.s, with those of Nuremberg, have besieged Sueinfort, but it is 
 so defended by the Marquis' men, that the Bishops and their adherents 
 have raised the siege and returned home. The Marquis is joined 
 in Saxony by the Count of Oldenburg, who has gathered 40 ensigns 
 of foot with the assistance and money of the sea-cities, to the intent 
 that the Marquis shall aid them against the Duke of Brunswick, 
 who has for a long time, and specially of late, troubled them. The 
 Marquis has taken and destroyed the most part of the dukedom of 
 Brunswick. It is reported that he will march towards France, 
 which besides being commodious for the Emperor, peradventure 
 might happen not evil for the Marquis to recover such money as he 
 claims from the French King. The Princes here are in a prime 
 intelligence joined together, and all these prepare and conduct 
 colonels over horse and foot. The King of the Romans has made a 
 league with Maurice, the Landgrave, and certain cities, and the 
 King has lately sent 2,000 horses to Maurice ; but it is now reported 
 that the King's second son, the Archduke of Austria, has agreed 
 Maurice and the Marquis. The Duke of Wirtemberg is agreed with 
 the King of the Romans for 300,000 florins to be paid at divers 
 times, to keep his country still without any contradiction. The 
 Swiss have sent 10,000 men to the French King, and at the King's 
 request make ready 6,000 more to be sent to Piedmont. Maxi- 
 milian is sick and weak, not without suspicion of poison. The Em- 
 peror has required aid of the Princes against the French king ; this 
 has been refused, as has been a similar request to certain cities that 
 
216 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1552. 
 
 they should join with those of Nuremberg. What success this 
 indict (Hot will have is as yet doubtful. [Two pages. Three lines 
 ■in cipher, Kiulcciphcred. Indorsed by Cecil.] 
 
 J\ily 1 3. ."''")(). Sir Richard Morysine to Sir William Cecil. His brother Hussey 
 Viliacli. and servant Weston speak so much of Cecil's gentleness, that he 
 weens he shall forget his own name fre he forgets what he owes to 
 Cecil. He will look for no blocks till he lie coming home, nor then 
 either. His brother Ste])hen will provide him of coals and small 
 billets, which will serve his fires well enough. Thanks Cecil that 
 he brought him to despair of Mr. Cheke's life. If despair had not 
 done its worst, joys could now not have wrought in him that they 
 do. Sorrows are to be wished for when they be thus recompensed. 
 They have many plungings of diets, and many breakings of them up ; 
 but they neither begin nor break up, but they have such thundering, 
 lightning, such rain and storms, that he still sa^s heaven dassieum 
 cunit, and this gentle talk will come to crudest blows. Desires 
 that they who decipher his letters may not keep in the name of the 
 person from whom lie had the articles, as it would be a shame to 
 him if the person should take harm for showing him pleasure. Has 
 had no such help for German news since he came to this Court, if 
 this person may do him pleasure and not be known to do so where 
 he would not. He whose letters receive serving comments, being 
 amended in corners, has gone six days since to Venice with bag and 
 baggage. Thinks he has gotten him a new master as far as Rome, 
 for he was much conversant with the Nuncio's men while he tarried 
 here. Would be ghid he came no more hither. " It was time to 
 let him go, yea, to drive him out of mj' house, when he uttered all 
 my talks and doings to all men with as many disadvantages to me 
 as he could. He told all men I was a preacher, and did use to 
 preach every day to my household. I did read them Bernardine's 
 [Ochine] Prediches for the tongue, and sometimes MachiaveL He 
 hath made such a work of it, and so did set me out for it to a num- 
 ber in Augusta, that I now do not marvel why the Emperor wrote I 
 was an apostle, a doctor, a preacher, and I know not what Is not 
 wages well bestowed upon such a one, that shall do his best to 
 deface his Majesty's Ambassador, and to bear me faii-est countenance 
 at home ? " Prays Cecil may see that the Duke of Saxony receives 
 a letter from the King congratulating him on recovering his liberty, 
 and thanking him for using Morysine as he did and does, for his 
 Majesty's sake. Suggests that the letter should be wiiten by Cheke, 
 who has a will to write to a Protestant, and not by one who shall 
 do it only because he is commanded. (.\x'il made Mr. Ascham a 
 glad man by his lelteis; lu> takes ^reat pains with Morysine, and 
 desrrve.s better rownrd than ho is able to give ; yet if vmable to do 
 Aselinm good at others' liinuls, he must and will see that he has not 
 (iniHo to liinient such pains taken. Would be glad if Weston went 
 to the Duko of Norllnnnberland. Wi'ites to him, and his man can 
 tell him luoro than ho can write. t\'eii may have thanks of the 
 Duko to get him leave, and Morysine will owe Cetul a great many. 
 He imiNt go by (Irynstrop [Ciynstliorpe?], as Lady Morysine is angry 
 with liini. that being three times in England ho saw not Chaa'les. 
 
EDWAED VI. 
 
 217 
 
 1552. 
 
 July 19. 
 Laoa. ' 
 
 July 27. 
 
 Uarburg. 
 
 July. 
 
 Aug. 1. 
 Lausaune. 
 
 There is also somewhat else, and therefore if it be not in his way, prays 
 Cecil to help to date his letters so that he may have one day to start 
 aside ; whereby Cecil shall do unto divers great pleasures at once, to 
 a Duke, to a Duchess, to a woman with child, to his friend, &c. 
 
 P.S. Desires (in Latin and Greek) to salute Lady Cecil. [Three 
 pages.] 
 
 551. Sir William Pickering to Sir William Cecil. The English 
 merchants are much grieved by the Council having assented to an 
 ordinance by the French that any of their goods found with those of 
 enemies shall be confiscated ; which they say is a trap to catch both 
 friend and foe. Unless such ordinance is revoked, he doubts much 
 whether, notwithstanding any order here, the English merchants 
 shall ever recover the third part of their goods, dispersed in so many 
 parts. " Sir, think you what terms our merchants stand in, when 
 they borrow of me." [One jW(/e.] 
 
 552. Otto, Duke of Brunswick and Lunenbui-g, to King Edwaid 
 VI. Requests payment of his pension, Avhich has been suspended. 
 [Latin. Twopages.] 
 
 553. King Edward VI. to Christian, King of Denmark. Ac- 
 knowledges his letter by James Deidonamus. Thanks him for his 
 expressions of friendship, and recognises the former amity subsisting 
 between him and his father, King Henry ; which circumstances, 
 especially of a religious character, render the more necessary to be 
 firmly maintained. Has heard Deidonamus in reference to the 
 complaints of his Majesty's subjects ; referred him instantly to the 
 Crown lawyers and the Council, to the latter of whom he shall have 
 access at all times. Justice so far as practicable has been done, what- 
 ever is alleged to have been taken for his use has been paid for, and 
 where parties have appeared to answer the charges against them 
 and have been convicted they shall be compelled to pay. Instances 
 the case of William Peck of Hull, who is asserted to have pillaged the 
 vessel of Andrew Bild, and who on account of other crimes and 
 piracies has been lately captured in Belgium, and is in prison ; he 
 has left nothing at home out of which the injury to the said Andrew 
 can be compensated, but if he should at any time return justice 
 shall be enforced against him. The like promptitude shall be ex- 
 hibited in future towards obtaining redress, and reciprocal conduct 
 is expected on part of his Majesty. All details will be fully com- 
 municated by Deidonamus, whose care and faithful discharge of 
 the duties entrusted to him are highly to be commended. [Latin. 
 Three pages. Draft.] 
 
 554. [Agnace] D'Albiac [Parisien] to King Edward VI. Presents 
 to his Majesty the Book of Job,* recently translated by him into 
 French verse, and expresses his opinion, that in restoring religion in 
 England, his Majesty has gained the like reputation as Salomon in 
 restoring the Temple of Jerusalem. [French. One page. Indorsed 
 by Cecil.]- 
 
 * De rimprimerie de lean Gerard, MDLII., 8vo. Now in the Library of the British Museum (690 a.6). 
 
218 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1552. 
 
 Aug. S. 555. Henry II., King of Fiance, to King Edward VI. Recom- 
 
 Folambrny. mending to liis favour Tlioinas Stukeley, an Englishman, who bad 
 served the French King gallantly in hi.s wars, and now returns to 
 England, wliich he liad left without having obtained previous permis- 
 sion to do HO [Coiiiiieraignrd by Bochetel. One page. French.] 
 
 Alio-. iS. 550. Sir William Pickering to Sir WiUiam Cecil. Not long since 
 
 C'o;ici ic Chateau, were left at his lodgings in Rheims a packet of letters ; one, with a 
 book, addressed to his Majesty ; another to Mr. Wotton, and a third 
 to himself. The letter is signed Carolus Molinajus. Further of him 
 hc^ knows not. Molinajus says tliat he had sent another book to 
 Mr. Wotton, but such never came to Pickering's hands. 
 
 P.S. " Optarem quamprimvm me liberari hac dura provincia 
 ■n<: oneri fortassis succumham." [One page. Indorsed by 
 Cecil.] 
 
 Aug. 16. 557. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to Sir William Petre and Sir 
 Antwerp. William Cecil. By the express messenger who carries this, sends 
 answer to the Council's letter of the 26th ult. concerning a matter 
 that their Lordships weighed to be of moment ; and as he would 
 nut be considered negligent therein, requests that the messenger may 
 be helped back, since not having much money at hand, he had not 
 given him much. Trusts that at Michaelmas the King's money 
 may come in, and that then their Lordships will have some consi- 
 deration of him, for he was never afraid in all his life of want of 
 money but now ; so that he almost hopes he may have no need to 
 .send an express messenger, as well for putting his Majesty to 
 expense as for wasting the money that should furnish himself other- 
 waj's in tliis charge. Desires to know who shall receive the 
 passport, and send the part of the powder hence and deliver the 
 rest, if the King be so pleased, unto the Queen, to restore as much 
 at three or four months, as he had previously written. [Two 
 pages.] 
 
 Aug. '22. .")58. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir William Cecil. If he could 
 Augsburg, ninend the Emperor's state, he would do so with all his heart, being 
 no jot more affectionated to France than he is to tlie Great Tm-k. 
 But he sees his duty binds him to write jis things go, and not tis 
 they desire to have them go. Their things heie amend, as the 
 fletchers' bolts do : the more men come to them the less they hke 
 their side. Their horsemen have such windmill jades as one would 
 think they are not to earry their masters three days together, though 
 (hey should ride without harness. His servant will tell the rest. 
 Is informed by him that Cecil will take a time to move his matter 
 of Iforton pivlx^d : would be lotli to lose his little interest while 
 away, JMid gliid if (Jecil could by suit make term of life last to his 
 lor ever. Lt^aves thnt, liowevtM', to his discretion. For the lady 
 i';iizab(>th woidd be as glad to work, \vh(>re he is willed to know 
 liow far tilings are gone, as any that is in England. Does not hear 
 (Ji:it the thing is so far gone, but il" oll'er.s were made such as might 
 breed de.sir(^ there might good sueeess be hoped for. But as yet the 
 inaUeris, in his fancy, not to Ik^ moved till the Duke be somewhere 
 else. H(! would soiiu' other were in his place, and thought he 
 
EDWARD VI. 219 
 
 1552. 
 
 might have the doing of this in his return. Believes he should be 
 able to do as much in it as any other, not for his ability, but for the 
 good will borne to him by the Duke, to whom he had sent word of 
 his man's going to England, and from whom he had received great 
 thanks by his preacher, and notice that he will also write a letter 
 to his Majesty. The Duke is like hereafter to have somewhat to do 
 with Duke Maurice, and perhaps hopes that his Majesty will, among 
 his other friends, help to entreat ; for it is said he will rather seek 
 his own by fair means than by violence, and not use the sword if 
 words will serve The Emperor has a cruel sort of soldiers ; they 
 kill by handfuls at once, and yet they have s'^ch plenty of enemies 
 that neither drowning them, nor knocking them, can so rid them, 
 but they give them camisados all night long. Leaves the rest to 
 his man, who at his last coming thither told more than was true, 
 and more than is yet true, yet says the letter reports his sayings 
 amiss. Prays Cecil to hear his excuse, and then trusts that himself 
 shall not need to make any. Does not serve with so corrupt a mind 
 that he would send him home in such haste with false news, if truer 
 had come at the closing up of his letters. Either his man made a 
 fault in telling his tale amiss, or Mr. Hampton in writing it amiss 
 to Morysine in the Council's letters. Can neither tell why his man 
 should teU what was untrue, nor why Mr. Hampton should report 
 it, rehear it he means, otherwise than Weston says he told it. For to 
 Mtti he says he had his 52 ensigns by the way at Bassau [Passaw], or 
 elsewhere, meeting with Duke Eric, who may tell his tale twice where 
 he is known, and win no more credit than such his lightness does 
 deserve. Thought it much that the Council would weigh a light 
 tale so much as they should ; therefore imagine greater advantages 
 where there were none at all, and think them none where they were 
 never greater. There can be no more policy used [than] there is of 
 the one side, nor less wished for than is on the other. They are the 
 greater in number, which needeth not, being as they are so much the 
 stouter in courage. And if counsels are to be weighed by success, 
 " they have all, and we no whit at all. If we go on, the Marquis 
 will swear meet with us ; and as sure it is we shall have the worse, 
 if God work not some miracle for the worser side." Prays Cecil to 
 make his excuse to their living Mr. Cheke, which is that he is 
 weary of writing, and glad to send his man away. If this will not 
 serve, he acknowledges a fault, and will make the amends at his 
 next writing. He can say truly he is buying cart and cart-horses, 
 tents and hales, loth to buy he wots not how, and loth to lay out so 
 much money where so little may be spared. The rest has not been 
 very sweet, but this wiU be the sourest part of all his journey ; and. 
 yet as long as he may feel the sour he is content to bear it. Would be 
 loth to have his senses taken from him, which wait no longer than 
 they see life in presence. His perils be greatest where of reason he 
 should look to be defended. Writes at four o'clock after dinner. 
 {Three pages.'] 
 
 Aug. 22. 559. John Frederick Duke of Saxony to King Edward VI. 
 
 Augsburg. Returns thanks for his Majesty's letter from Petworth of 26th July, 
 
 delivered bo him by Sir Richard Morysine, and for his ready good 
 
220 FOREIGN TAPERS. 
 
 1552. 
 
 will towiuils liiin. Commends his Majesty's efforts on tehalf of 
 Gospel religion, and ur;;os liim to continue these. And whereas his 
 Rliijt'sty had oxhuitcd liim to exert himself towards procuriog a 
 siis|n'iiHion of controversies among the professors of Protestantism 
 (Irclaves that of all things the most difficult is to settle religious 
 diffeniK'cs, esjiecially at tliis advanced age of the world, when every 
 one thinks \w has found the truth, lest the old serpent should bite the 
 IwA of liinr who tramples on him ! These dissensions arise in con- 
 soquence of many being misled by philosophical speculations and 
 civil Avisilom, withdrawing from the Confession of Augsburg, which 
 had been approved by the consent of the most eminent theologians. 
 To which if they had firmly adhered, as they ought, neither that 
 most mischievous Zuinglian sect, nor the Anabaptists, nor the Anti- 
 nomians, nor the Adiaphorists, and authors of change in religion, 
 would have disturbed, as they have done, the best constituted 
 Churches, and inflicted a wound that seems almost incurable. [Latin. 
 Three ^Mges.] 
 
 Sept. 5. oGO. Sir William Pickering to Sir William Cecil. Sends him 
 Paris. some books, which, if time had served, should have been bound ; but 
 his messenger m<ay attend no longer, and his own foot is in the 
 stirrup to return to the Court, from which he has been absent six or 
 seven day.s in taking order for the payment of 2,300 crowns, which 
 eat him to the harcl bones in interest amongst those Paris bankers. 
 Urges (JcL'il to procure his revocation, as his afl'airs at home stand 
 so far out of joint that no man can remedy them but himself; and 
 hopes Ccfil will put to a helping hand to rid him hence, or else 
 scud him word, and bid limi go hang himself Beseeches speedy 
 ])ayment of his next diet, whicli should be to his great advantage if 
 he might once rcceiw it at the day. [One page. Indorsed by 
 Cecil.] 
 
 Sept. G. 5G1. The Emperor Charles V. to King Edward VI. In favour 
 
 Ulm. of Philip James ( <reck, general merchant of Ulm, for licence to him 
 
 and hi.s heirs to export annually from England 1,000 bales of cloth 
 
 of all kinds, and 1,000 bales of the kind called kersey. [LiUin. 
 
 tSi^/iii'd tvitli, the Ertxpevors cachet. One page.] 
 
 Si'|>t. 7. ■'>G2. Sigismund-Augustus, King of Poland, to same. The 
 
 Murgenburg. citizens of Dantzic complain of the intolerable burdens and ex- 
 actions to wliich they are undeservedly subjected in England, con- 
 trary to tlu'ir old rights and privileges. His Majesty therefore 
 j'cipiests tliat the same liborties as formerly shall be conceded to the 
 |)antzic mi rchants in England, and, if any individual should have 
 offended, that others who are entirely innocent shall not be made 
 to suller lieeausi' of Hiv'li ofl'enee. Complains that the goods of John 
 JiraiidH and M.itMiew ( V.iinennnii, the Consuls for Dantzic in London, 
 have lii'i'u arrested at the i/istanee of Thomas Bannister, an English 
 nuMeiiaiit till TO, and that for no fault of thuira, who never did 
 llaniiister any injury, but lieeausi- a suit between him and Henry 
 i'Vise and othci- seamen of llamliurg vessels impledged in Denmark 
 had been transfeiicd to the Courts of Dantzic, where judgment as 
 Huenied riglit iiad been given. These goods Biuiuister will not release 
 
EDWARD VI. 221 
 
 1552. 
 
 except upon fiJejussory caution, and even now does not cease from 
 annoying them. Begs that they may be released from this lien and 
 farther trouble, and His Majesty will do ec[ual justice to the subjects 
 of England. [Latin. One 'page.] 
 
 Sept. 19. 563. Information of Thomas Stukeley, gentleman, detailing his 
 private conversation with the French King, who apprized him of his 
 intention to invade England as soon as he had made peace with the 
 Emperor ; his plan being to attack Calais, and land near Falmouth, 
 the Duke of Guise at same time landing at Dartmouth witii supplies, 
 and the Scots entering into Northumberland. [ Three j>cigea. Printed 
 in, "Literary Remains, of King Edward VI." Vol. ii., p. 455. 
 Roxhurghe Gluh, 185 7-] 
 
 Sept.13. 564. Copy memorial for the instruction of Sir Eichard Morysine, 
 [Windsor.] Ambassador with the Emperor. He is to express his Majesty's 
 willingness to join the Emperor and other states of the empire in a 
 league against the Turk and his confederates, but the same to be 
 kept secret from the French King. [Seven pages. Printed in 
 Burnet's History of the Reformation, Vol. ii. Records, No. 57.] 
 
 Sept. 29. 565. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir William Cecil. On all sides 
 Spires. Cecil overwhelms him with most fi'iendly deeds, and fills him with 
 comfort by gentle and most friendly letters. He did take counsel of 
 his wife's cumbers, when he chose rather to come home in the spring 
 than to make his suit out of hand. Thanks God she is past her first 
 pains, and doubts not that, by good governance of herself, she Avill 
 pass such dangers as are wont to follow. God has sent him a pretty 
 tanakin, a fauson girl, as two of Ins friends at Augsburg sent him 
 word yesterday. Is sending to her who does, he dares tell, deserve 
 to be made of and to be pitied for that she has been forced to abide 
 since coming into Germany. He shall do her a good deal of wrong, 
 if he takes from her any part of his good chances that was so willing 
 to bear her portion of any his troubles. She is bound to Cecil, and 
 will confess it to the last of her life ; as his letters have from time to 
 time eased a good piece of her sorrows. He found few better 
 medicines than letters when he was driven to dwell in mountains 
 and she to mourn in Augsburg. Would make these his best trifles 
 no piece of a letter, did he not see that in greatest throng of business 
 Cecil does not forget to add somewhat in his letters that may carry 
 gladness to her heart. His letters could not go ere she was brought 
 to bed, but now they shall to her with great speed. Knows whose 
 procurement the other letters were, and expresses his great obligation 
 for so singular a benefit. A King's hand commended Cecil's work, 
 and he cannot but love the root and honour the flowers which 
 brought such taste of a King's favour with them. Mr. Ascham 
 thinks himself much bound to Cecil, as his letters will show; and 
 this adds to the weight of Morysine's obligations. 
 
 P.S. " I would at no time forget to pray you to commend me to 
 my lady your bedfellow, but that I know she is seldom in Court. It 
 shall suffice me that she thinketh I wish her health and heart's ease." 
 [Two pages. Indorsed by Cedl] 
 
222 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1.^52. 
 
 Oct. 1. [56G. llo£;or Asclmm to Sir Richard Morysine. Gives an account 
 l,iindau. of his invervii'W with M. D'Arras, to whom he had been sent by 
 Morysine to request that us the Portuguese Ambassador was at the 
 Court, he, iis icpresentative of luigland, might be permitted to 
 attiMid. This is rcfu.soil ; since unless, as in the present instance, the 
 Ambassadors had any special message from their masters, the 
 Emperor's enemies might, under pretence of the Ambassadors' re- 
 tinues, have too open means to look into His Majesty's matters and 
 doings. Had requested that John Bernardine might attend the 
 Court, as other agents were there. This also refused, Bernardine 
 being specially obnoxious, and D'Arras threatened, that if he came 
 to the Court, he should be apprehended and imprisoned. 
 
 This letter, " from the Paper Office," apparently not now in that 
 repository, has been printed in the collection of State Papers compiled 
 by Lord Hardwicke, Vol. i., p. 48.] 
 
 Oct. 2. 567. Sir William Pickering to Sir William Cecil. Complains of 
 
 Jihoims. being misrepresented by some "pannion /ronf is ^rce/ricte." Such 
 bruits must men abide sometimes that lead this life, quce plus aloes 
 quam mellis habet, though they bear themselves never so uprightly. 
 Will send the pedigrees and books written for as soon as he can 
 procure them. Perceives that the King is well wilhng to any 
 restitution they may demand in matters of depredation, whether for 
 lovu or fear he knows not. {In cipher, deciphered.) On Michaelmas, 
 after the ceremonies of the Order, which was solemnly celebrated with 
 only two of the Knights, M. de Canaples and the Admiral ; the Car- 
 dinal of Lon-aine showed him the sainie ampoule wherewith the 
 Kino-s of France are consecrated, and which was sent from heaven 
 above a thousand years ago, smce then miraculously preserved, and 
 by virtue whereof the Kings heal les escrouilks. " He spake of 
 other virtues, which, as I judged by his looks, he thought I httle 
 believed." Mr. Barnaby [Fitzpatrick] wishes the Vice-Cbamberlain 
 would send him the just measure and manner of quilting. Requests 
 the accompanying packet may be safely delivered to the Venetian 
 Ambassador, to whose colleague here he is much beholden, and re- 
 commends to his good services the bearer, John HoUingworth, servant 
 to Dr. Bruno, who has a suit to Norroy [WiUiam Harvey], king 
 of arms, wherein his furtherance is much desired. [One page. 
 Indorsed by Cecil.] 
 
 Oct. 7. •''08. [Sir Richard Morysine to the Council. Had received his 
 
 Spirts. Majesty s instructions and their letters of the 2-tth Septembei" on the 
 4th inst., and forthwith made towards the Court. Gives a long and 
 circuinstantial account of the hospitality and court^jsies shown to 
 liim by M. D'Arnw, and of his interview and converaation with the 
 Empcinir. 
 
 'i'his letter, "from (lie I'lijicr Office," like that from Ascham to 
 Morysim^ of Ist October, iipparently not now there, has been 
 priiitud by Lord Hardwicke, Voh i., p. 51.] 
 
 Oct. 7. •■'•':*• f^if Ri'bii'd Morysine to Sir William Cecil. Can for himself 
 
 Spires. say no iwnvr. than Cecil must needs think, if he considers him but 
 
 within a kenning of an honest man, Will do his best to come 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 223 
 
 1552. 
 
 nearer the mark, which, in spite of fortune, he will shoot at, though 
 she still break his bow and do her best to unfeather his arrows. 
 Bemardine has a long season troubled him here : would be glad to 
 understand that his credit Avere no more at home than his honesty 
 has been abroad. Councillors, that lend their ears to such sycophants 
 as can say well but of the lewd, do as falsely accuse him with their 
 ears as the others do with their tongues. Prays God Bernardino 
 say but truth of him, and then had as lief he said all as left any part 
 unsaid. If things past be fittest to discourse things to come, doubts 
 not but he shall lead Cecil's conjectures so, as that that lieth hid in 
 the dark shall appear by things in the light. The sea has been long 
 blamed as a thing untrusty ; no keeper of calms, but aye ready to 
 toss some new-come sailors ; but if the earth will cherish such hurds 
 of vilety, as this is, he weens the sea will shortly be counted the 
 quieter place for a man to make his abode in. Bemardine has a 
 great sort of the conditions of Menon Thessalus ; desires to be on 
 friendly terms with those in highest power, that he may not be 
 punished for any offences which he has committed, and thinks the 
 much shortest way to obtain what he wants is by lying, forswearing, 
 deceit, and servility (in Greeh). Xenophon has the rest in Cyr. 2. 
 [Anabasis], and but that he writes Greek as he understands it, with 
 great difficulty, would have transcribed the passage at length. But 
 of him this is enough for Cecil to have, and too much for Morysine 
 to write. Cecil has given life to dead spirits that lay in Mr. Ascham. 
 They begin to shine, and will be able to wax hotly, if Weston might 
 bring his patent sealed. Cecil must pardon him for not writing at 
 this time, as he has his belly-full of writings, although only writing 
 for Morysine. Has need of his diets, and has written to the Duke of 
 Northumberland to help them to him. His letters of credit will 
 make him that he shall never be trusted, or never pay, if he should 
 borrow where is appointed. Had but two crowns and two shillings 
 paid him for a pound sterling, and thus had QOOl. his last diets. He 
 will not crave, and yet they might give if they would do as well as 
 they speak fair. He must pay debts ere he comes home, or he may 
 chance sell land apace when he is at home. [Three pages. Indorsed 
 by Cecil.] 
 
 Oct. 12. 570. Sir William Pickering to Sir William Cecil. Entreating 
 Rheims. pajTnent of his diets, having at this instant not 20 crowns left, 
 so that he may not fall into his wonted fever again. The pestilence 
 is very hot in divers parts of France. [One page.] 
 
 Oct. 15. 571. Peter Vannes to the Council. On the lltli had received 
 Venice. their letters from Basing of the 8th ult. Thanks them for their ad- 
 vertisement of the King's most prosperous and quiet estate, together 
 with the prudent government of his Highness' realm, which he has 
 declared to the Seigniory here, who received the same most gratefully. 
 However, at the same time their Lordships' letter arrived, some 
 merchants, by letters from Antwerp of the 18th vlt, had been 
 informed that England was in much trouble, having all the ports and 
 passages stopped, and a rupture with France. These false tidings, 
 which had been much noised abroad here, were quenched by the 
 private letters which friends in London had addressed to him of the 
 
224 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1552. 
 
 Oct. 17. 
 Chiuza. 
 
 Oct. 23. 
 
 Itlivima. 
 
 20th ult. Mentions this to whow the necessity of more frequent 
 communication from their Lordships for the avoiding of such evil and 
 naughty .slanders. It i.s written that one half of the Tui-k's army is 
 ordered to rotiiiii to CSjiistantinople, and the other, of which 
 Dragut is General, to stay for the seivice of the French in liis entei-prise 
 against the realm of Naples next spring. The new King of Persia, 
 or Sophy, lias declared war against tlie Turk, and entered into a 
 part of Syria, damnifying mucli that country, in defence of which the 
 Turk is preparing a large army to be sent thither under the com- 
 mand of Rustan Bascian [Bassa]. Letters from Vienna of the 29th 
 ult. state that Duke Maurice, aftei- a long consultation with the King 
 of the Romans upon the proceeding of the wars against the Turks in 
 those parts, returned to Comorn where the strength of the Christian 
 army doth consist. Signer Sforza Pallavicino, who had been taken 
 prisoner by the Turk, has paid for his ransom 1 0,000 crowns, and is 
 created Master of the King of the Romans camp. There was good trust 
 that the country would be well defended ; although rumour alleges 
 that the Turk has continually rather the advantage over the Christians 
 than otherwise. The Vaivode of Moldavia, who is a lieutenant in 
 those parts having about him a great guard of Tartarians and Turks, 
 coming towards Transylvania, has with all his company been slain 
 by the means of Signr. Giovanni Baptista Castaldo; and another 
 Vaivode has been elected, who, is a trusty friend to the King of the 
 Romans. Sienna as yet cannot agree upon any order for the go- 
 vernment of their Commonwealth. There are there about 3,000 
 French soldiers under Mon.s. de Thermes, who it is said, will return 
 shortly to France, and the Cardinal of Ferrara, at request of the 
 Siennese, will go to Sienna to assist them for the better quietness of 
 their government. At present all the chief Counsellors of the French 
 King are at Ferrara, for behoof of his affairs in Italy, and to infonn 
 him thereof by Mons. de Thermes. [Three jxiges.] 
 
 572. Fabritio di Grotti, Canceliere di Chioza, to [Francis Yaxley]. 
 Yesterday Yanin and Vane, the knaves who swindled M. Ridolpho 
 and M. Francis, Englishmen, out of their money, were convicted by 
 the Podesta, and condemned each to pay his shai"e of the money 
 within 20 days, and besides payment to be banished as robbers for 
 1 years, and in default of payment to be put in irons and sent to 
 the gallies for 10 years, with other penalties. The bearei-s hereof 
 are agents for the criminals, and wait upon Yaxley in oixler to pi'o- 
 cure the favour of his accepting what little they have in tlieir power 
 to give. They are in very great distress, they have suffered long 
 confinement in a foul prison, and they will be banished ; and he 
 appeals to Yaxley's generosity. [IlaVian. One page. Indorsedby 
 Yfixley.] 
 
 .'573, Sir William Pii^kering to Sir William Cecil. Cannot tell 
 wlicHicr he may impute it to liis I'vil husbandly, or to the labyrinth 
 of Ills intoh.'rablo charges, or to both, that no money will abide with 
 liim. ilu is still (hivcii to make shifts and reshifts, whilst his own 
 is ainio.st consumed with answering the interests, which he thinks 
 'indxiiiie, prdjii'iiivh llli noli el tieiiiper ; ibr since his coming on this 
 side the sea ho was never clear a board with these bankers, and, by 
 
EDWARD VI. 225 
 
 1552. 
 
 God !^ is in at this hour 2,000 crowns thick, and with all this good 
 luck is added to his former fortunes that he is constrained to borrow 
 so much money as may despatch the bearer hereof to England. Im- 
 plores the speedy payment of his diets, and the returning of the 
 bearer soon again, but not without his posting-money, as commonly 
 his fellows have returned, Has already written to the Duke of 
 Northumberland concerning his revocation, but has received no 
 reply. Requests him to solicit the passport for Crawford, who is an 
 honest gentleman, and one of whom he received much courtesy in the 
 camp. The Cardinal of Tournon is in great danger of his life at 
 Lyons, by a fervent fever. [Two 2Mges.] 
 
 Oct. 23. 574. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to Sir Wilham Cecil. Thanks 
 Brussels, hi^ fo,. i^ig jg^^gj, ^f ^^le 1 3th inst. Hears that the French King asks 
 seven years day of payment to restore to the English all that his 
 subjects have wrongly taken. If it be so, wishes that good pledge 
 "were had for the performance, and assurance of better entreaty at 
 their hands henceforth. Touching Imperial matters, he perceives 
 that these folks make so little account of the friendship of England 
 in these their needy times, that if the Emperor should prosper he is 
 not likely to make greater reckoning of it so long as he lives. There 
 is talk here that Mons. de'Courrieres should return again to England 
 and there succeed the evil Minister who has so long molested them. 
 Hopes such may be the case, as he never could perceive other in him 
 than good disposition toward amity, considering the same much more 
 necessary than the other's evil disposed nature can comprehend. The 
 poor merchants daily complain of molestation by sea or land ; but 
 for all that he can allege to the Queen and Councillors does not see 
 them make much more of the amity than though they had never felt 
 or had need of the same. But herein Cecil must think that he talks 
 to him as his tutor, and not otherwise, protesting that his good 
 lesson has not been forgotten. Wishes God may give Cecil good 
 luck in his new office of Chancellor of the Order of the Garter. Has 
 endeavoured to procTire for him information as to the ceremonies of 
 the Order of the Toison d'Or, but has been unsuccessful, the present 
 Chancellor thereof being a Frenchman born and as evil disposed to 
 the English as may be ; the Treasurer is of the same sort ; and the 
 other two officers are not here at present. But he has gathered a 
 few particulars from one of the stewards of the Queen's household, 
 who formerly held the office of Toison d'Or, and to whom he had 
 shown some civilities, feigning to him that he had great desire in 
 reading of stories and antiquities, and specially sought to know what 
 Princes heretofore had established for the advancement of nobility. 
 There are four officers belonging to the Order, a Chancellor, a Trea- 
 surer, a Greffier, and a Herald called Toison d'Or — Chief Herald and 
 King of Arms. Briefly describes their respective duties. At the 
 institution of the Order, these officers required to be gentlemen, but 
 now by favour mean men are crept in, which is here much misliked. 
 Mons. Granvelle got in the Treasurer, a very mean man, meaning 
 both to have him for an instrument there to persuade that he might 
 be taken into the Order, and also to reveal unto him what passed in 
 
 P 
 
226 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 Oct. 31. 
 Brussels. 
 
 the Chapter. Such is the opimon of some people. [Seven pages. 
 Indorsed by Cecil.] 
 
 Extract from the preceding, so far as relates to the Taiaon d'Or, 
 in comparatively modem hand. [Three pages,'] 
 
 Oct. 27. 675. Fabritio di Grotti to Francis Yaxley. Haa this day re- 
 Chioza, ceived his letter, whereby understands his views. The mother of 
 the swindlers has just been here, and it seems a desperate en- 
 deavour to touch their money ; but by means of the gentleman 
 who conveys this he has arranged the matter. One haa paid five 
 crowns, and the other seven, which this gentleman will deliver to 
 him, and for which requests a receipt. Has drawn the cord as 
 tight as he could, but could manage no more, as this gentleman 
 and his companions can prove. [ItalAan. One page. Addressed, 
 " Al mio Sig^ Francisco Yaxleo in casa del Moug^ Atinjbassaior 
 d'Ingeltera. In V a Riva di Biasis con scudi 12." Indorsed by 
 Yaxley.] 
 
 576. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to Sir William Cecil Has, not 
 without gi'eat difficulty, procured the manner of the Order of the 
 Toison d'Or, and has now three clerks copying it, because where as 
 he had it, it may not be long missed. Will send the copy as soon as 
 it is completed. If it be thought meet still to keep here so slender a 
 minister as he is in so weighty a charge, beseeches that his servant, 
 who has been waiting this month and more for his diets, may have 
 Cecil's good furtherance. He was promised always to have three 
 montlis' payment of his diets in advance ; but he is now two months 
 behind, and does run upon interest. Wishes to God he were as able 
 as he is willing to serve the King's Majesty without his charge, 
 and truly he would do it. [Two pages.] 
 
 October. 677. The Council to Sir WiUiam Pickering. The eldest son of 
 Lord William Howard having accompanied the Vidame to France, 
 has not been so well treated by him as was promised or expected. 
 His father desires his return, but the Vidame nevertheless detains 
 him. Instruct Pickering to speak to the Council or the Constable 
 that the young gentleman may be sent home to his father. [One page. 
 Draft letter, aulorjvaph of Petre.] 
 
 Nov. 9. 678. Sir Ricliard Morysine to Sir William Cedl. Now thinks 
 
 Spircfl. long to see his man Weston, and to hear from home. If there be no 
 cause to sen'd him, should receive singuhir pleasure by hearing some- 
 what from Cecil. Weston cnn send any letter safely by the Schorers. 
 LeaniM nothing out of England, ami thercfoi-e nmy be ashamed to 
 learn of tlmse who nre M'ont to reipiii'e ware for wure. For his own 
 jiiivato matters would gladly hear somewhat; whether his letters 
 eomo to tlie (*i)uneil or not, and whether the news of Spires be stale 
 ere they can (■(iith\ or found not sterling when they do come. In 
 this iieiiiiry of n(^w8, any soniewliat wore a grateful Ilias of pleasm-e. 
 Ciiniiot Mend Cecil's letter to Mr. Hales, because he wots not where 
 ho is. Hales and Mr. Throgmorton went together from Spires, and 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 227 
 
 1552. 
 
 Nov. 1 1. 
 Bheims. 
 
 Nov. 13. 
 Brussels. 
 
 Nov. 19. 
 
 Venice. 
 
 Nov. 20, 
 Venice. 
 
 since then he has heard neither of the one nor of the other. Begs 
 that he may have some bit of comforts ; a little serves where much 
 cannot be hoped for. [One page.] 
 
 579. Sir William Pickering to Sir William Cecil. The French King 
 is presently at Chalons, but will return in four or five days here, 
 where he will only remain a short while before going to Picardy. The 
 Constable, contrary to his intention, still remains here. Fears in 
 consequence of his long absence that his man may have been drowned 
 or fallen into the hands of the Burgundians. Urges his speedy 
 dispatch with the letters of exchange, else some of them are like to 
 make but simple mirth towards this Christmas. Desires to know 
 whether one Arnold, a Dutchman, has been with him. [One page.} 
 
 580. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to same. Hg,s now forwarded 
 to Mr. Gresham at Antwerp the copy of the book of the cere- 
 monies of the Order of the Toison d'Or, to be forwarded by a 
 sure messenger. Again entreats Cecil to assist him in procuring his 
 diets, for which his servant has been waiting these two months. He 
 should have been paid at Michaelmas, and he has not a penny to this 
 day. [One page and a half.'] 
 
 581. Girolamo Spagna to Francis Yaxley. Hopes soon to hear of 
 his safe arrival, and takes advantage of the courier departing for 
 England to offer his regards. Requests that he will salute Mr. 
 Secretary [Cecil], his master, and say a few words in his favour ; 
 begs to be remembered to Messrs. Throgmorton, Arnold, Barnes, 
 and other friends at the Court. [Italian. One page. Indorsed 
 by Yaxley.] 
 
 582. Peter Vannes to the Council. Has received their letters of 
 the 23d ult. Is rejoiced to hear of his Majesty's prosperous estate, 
 and of the special Commissioners being sent from France for the 
 redressing and recompensing of depredations. On the 25th of Sept- 
 ember had written of the cutting in pieces of certain English cloths, 
 and the hanging them upon a window openly in the Eialto with 
 letters declaring them to be false and untrue, and so condemned. 
 Acknowledges his error in not taking the step at that time, but 
 immediately on receipt of their letter had repaired to the Seigniory 
 complaining of the same, and of the writing declaring the cloths to 
 be false, because that they were with certain marks called portata 
 wrought in wool, like to the mark of Venice, and not in thread, as 
 strange cloths be accustomed to have. Had told them that whatso- 
 ever law it were here, the cloths of England could not be compelled 
 to be otherwise wrought than it should please the King or the ancient 
 custom of his realm ; as he did believe the said cloths were none 
 other, having besides these portata, or marks wrought in cloth, the 
 sign of the crown ; and for their goodness, he was weU assured that 
 through the world were no truer or better cloths made than EngHsh 
 cloths ; and doubted not their Ambassador in England had advertised 
 them of this matter. Their Providetors said that it had not been 
 done in contumely of the King's Majesty, or derogation of the repu- 
 tation of the English cloths, but because their statutes required so ; 
 and the merchants had counterfeited the portata, or marks, for their 
 better commodities and utterance of their cloths. Had told them he 
 
 P 2 
 
228 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1652. 
 
 had nothing to do with the conduct of their merchants, but was well 
 assured that the marks of the English cloths could not be so easily 
 falsified by any merchant here, and desired them to look into the 
 matter so that no such inconvenience should again occur. They had 
 promised him a reply, which he has not yet received, but under- 
 stands by a friend that they knew well their Providetors' faults and 
 their own statutes to the contrary, for only cloths of Ponente, that 
 is to say English, among other strange cloths, be privileged, and that 
 they may freely come. So whatever their answer may be, he sup- 
 poses hereafter they will well beware of such inconveniences, or any 
 prohibitions, the which should be to their own hinderance many 
 ways. [Four pages and a Iialf.] 
 
 Nov. 23. 583. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir William CedL Thinks the 
 Spii'i's. time now very long since Weston went from him, and though there 
 be no cause for his being despatched in post, would be glad he 
 returned in journey as he might. Has neither heard of him nor from 
 him since he went, and is therefore driven to think him drowned, or 
 some otherwise made away. Never was so long without hearing 
 somewhat from England. Cecil would increase the rest of his benefite 
 not meanly, by saying somewhat to him ; good or bad he would fain 
 hear somewhat. His head is full of bees : Cecil will do well to send 
 him a hive to harbour some of them ; for they be so many as shortly 
 he must send them from Spires m coloniam aliquam. Cecil's Yaxley 
 is come hither, and hardly will give his horse leave to rest him till 
 he be come where Cecil is. By much entreaty has obtained at his 
 hand to go with him to-morrow a hunting to the Palsgrave. The 
 Palsgrave does not invite the Bishop's Nuncio, and yet to hide the 
 matter has prayed Morysine, as of himself, to bring the Ambassadors 
 of Venice and Ferrara with him. They both have promised to go, and 
 Cecil's Yaxley on his coming home shall tell him what their cheer 
 was. Calls him Cecil's because he perceives Yaxley is all so, and so 
 intends to be as long as he has to be any's. Professes a skill to know 
 who does but say, and who say and mean it. Sees that Yaxley 
 reverences Cecil as though he were his son and Cecil liis dearest 
 father. More of him he needs not say. If Cecil wiU bestow his 
 man Weston upon him shortly, or if he cannot have him, some half 
 sheet of paper, Morysine shall settle many guts which seem to him 
 now to lye awry. Namely desires nothing at the hands of Cecil, 
 who must help him to what he knows is fittest to be said and sent. 
 [Two pages.] Inclosed, 
 
 .'JSS. I. Intelligence " Di Spira alii 23 di Novemh'e, 1552." 
 Maitn-s are quiet in Itahj. Since the CanUval of 
 Ferrara Ihik cnionl upon the goi'n^nineivt of Sienna, 
 M. (la ThrviiicK willi Q-ian da Turino and the Duke of 
 Siniia have come to 2\ii'ma,on their way to Fmnce by 
 Sivllzcrlaiul It is ihought that the Viceroy of KafUs 
 pirparcs to attach Sienna, and letters state that Prince 
 Jhiria. is at Cos ivith Ids galleys toivards the kingdom, 
 iviuthig to call re;/ troops for the entei'pi^se. The Duke oj 
 U rhino has had leave from the Seigniory of Venice, with 
 the intention perhaps of joining France, and certai/idy 
 
EDWARD VI. 229 
 
 1552. • 
 
 tuill have made a profitable eoxhange. Advices from 
 Rome say that the Pope wishes to reforvx thi' Church, and 
 the revenues and dress of the prelates, and to commsnce 
 this reform in his own person. This remains to be seen. 
 Tlie Pope has also besought the Emperor to become mediator 
 for peace between him and France, but His Majesty will 
 not hear of it. They likewise write from Rome that the 
 King of France has offered one of his daughters to the 
 Duke of Florence, because he had not interfered in the 
 affairs of Sienna. In Hungary Duke Maurice is said 
 to have made a distinguished attack on the Moldavians, 
 but the particulars are not known, and the Turk is said 
 to have recalled the Bassa and his entire army from that 
 country. John Frederick, Duke of Saxony, has held a 
 diet in his States for ordinary supplies, and for no other 
 purpose. Count Mansfeldt's former report against the 
 Duke of Brunswick now appears to be set at rest. On the 
 Emperor's arrival at Metz on the ISth three batteries were 
 to be erected on three sides and three assaults made at one 
 time. All the defences within Metz have been stuept away 
 by cannon shot from two bulwarks erected without. The 
 Duke of Alva has promised to the soldiers that he will 
 level the batteries so that they may be able to fight hand to 
 hand. Marquis Albert came on the 11th to the camp, and 
 after dining with the Duke of Alva, they went to see where 
 the Marquis should take up his position before Metz, and 
 it was agreed that he should cross the Moselle and encamp 
 opposite their army on the other side of the city. On the 
 1 3th lie came to the appointed place with 10,000 infantry, 
 2,000 cavalry, d,nd 30 pieces of artillery, having with him 
 prisoner, M. D'Aumale, from whom he asks for his ran- 
 som 300,000 dollars and the liberation of Count Mans- 
 feldt. He has offered 30,000 quarti and the Marquis 
 laughs at it. The Duke of Alva has promised to the 
 soldiers that whoever takes M. de Guise shall receive 6,000 
 quarti. All the trenches round Metz being now completed, 
 the French no Imiger come forth to skirmish, and in the 
 last skirmish Don Alonso Piemontello was wounded by 
 an arquebuse in the neck, a/nd is in danger of his life, 
 and Don Diego Garcia di Parcedes was killed. There are 
 now withi/n Metz 5,000 infantry and 600 cavalry. Pietro 
 Strozzi and Cornelio Bentivoglio have left : the cause is 
 not known but various opinions are entertained about it. 
 In the Im,perial Court they talk of the safe return of Don 
 Diego di Mendoza, A'mbassador at Rome. For his part 
 the writer cannot believe it. Brezello was restored to free- 
 dom, without any difficulty, [Italian. Three pages.'] 
 
 Nov, 27. 584. The Duke of Northumberland to Lord Darcy, Lord Cham- 
 Chelsea, berlain. Sir William Petre, and Sir William Cecil. This morning 
 the French Ambassador's Secretary desired to have an interview 
 with him, being commanded to declare the matter wherewith he was 
 
230 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1552. , . 
 
 cliarged to the Duke only. Had availed himsqjf of his mckness to 
 direct tho Secretary, who was very importunate, to communicate 
 what he had to say to one of the Secretaries of State or of the Coun- 
 cil. Anil thus he trusts within a while, although he may be thought 
 uHec-tionate to the French as some have reported him, yet he doubts 
 not this way, which he intends to use with them, to continue but a 
 little while in their grace, which he never desired in all his life but 
 for the service of his master, as knoweth the Lord. [One page.] 
 
 Nov. 28. 585. The Duke of Northumberland to Sir William Petre and Sir 
 Chelsea, William Cecil. A servant of Thomas Gresham has brought him a 
 letter from Gmdotti, written in such language as for his part neither 
 he nor the bearer hereof, Killigrew, who can reasonably well expound 
 Italian, both written and printed, can understand one word in effect. 
 Killigrew, however, supposes from the commencement of the letter 
 that Guidotti has written at length to Gresham, to whom, for the 
 contents, the Duke refers them. Killigrew had just had a conversa- 
 tion as to the defences of Metz with one De Forge, a banished man 
 out of his own country for religion, who informed him that tidings 
 from France last Saturday bore that the Duke de Nevers had been 
 slain in a sldrmish. Suspects from his antecedents, and an alleged 
 errand to the late Duke's daughters, who were falsely stated by him 
 to be at Syon, that tliis De Forge is a spy, " an alter Harpax," and 
 advises caution. [Two pages.] 
 
 Nov. 28. 586. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir William Cecil. Whether Cecil's 
 Spire*. letters be long or short, let him be assured that they are as welcome 
 as any that can come. What if he cannot help whom necessity 
 forces to cry ? The inclination is sufficient, and he is more glad of 
 so earnest a good will on part of Cecil, than he can be sorry for any 
 of his own lacks, though one of them should be these Christmas 
 holidays to want meat. Will do as well as he can, and then he shall 
 avoid blame or be blamed of such as know not where the fault is. 
 When the bearer shall have told Cecil what a dinner the Palsgrave 
 made Morysine, and as many of the Ambassadoi-s as he would bring 
 as his guests, saying indeed after dinner that he had to thank Mory- 
 sine for that assembly ; when Cecil shall understand how the Pals- 
 grave used him, both at his table and in his waggon, omitting no 
 kind of humanity wherein ho might show his affection to his 
 Majesty ; and hear how willing he was to confess that his hemmet, 
 his shirt, never lay so nigh his skin ns the King's most noble fathei' 
 lay nigh his heart, and must lie till he had a day to live ; perhaps 
 Cecil will think that a letter had not boon amiss bestowed, where it 
 in so well and may lie better deserved, lie was both bold of Cecil 
 and Mr. Y.ixley tliat day, making the latter his cupbearer. Ascham 
 Hceins a littlo troubled tli.'vt this reversion stands upon no patent, 
 but is only on a past wnnnnt to liim that gladly will leave no piece 
 ()(■ thill, lie hath, Mil he leave nil at oiict-. And yet he trusts, and so 
 (loos MoiyHiiie, that (!eiil will east some good turn in his neck ere 
 ho bo ware ; wliirli if he does, he shall at once bind a great many to 
 him. If Ascham may be allowed to execute this translator's office 
 ill Mr. Vannes' absence, it shall be a mean that the King shall see a 
 difference between the i)ast and those to come ; and so, perhaps, find 
 
EDWARD VI. 231 
 
 1552. 
 
 means that Peter Vannes, some way recompensed, may be content 
 to surrender this. But both Ascham and he, in this as in all things 
 else affecting either, yield all to Cecil's discretion ; craving but what 
 he shall think well bestowed, and find also easy to be gotten. Per- 
 ceives what men would have done, and how they are loth to give 
 him fuU commission to attempt it. Wonders not, that where things 
 are so changed men stand more now than they did upon their repu- 
 tation. Will follow Cecil's advices in his private letters, hoping as 
 soon as the weather waxes a little warm he and his carriage shall 
 have leave to come home. His wife cannot give Cecil thanks enough, 
 oAving so many both for her own part, and content also, where her's 
 was too much, to acknowledge a part of the debt for her husband's. 
 Thinks she writes to his lady, Cecil's bedfellow, who must lay her 
 knowledge aside, and with the eyes of love, which are wont to like 
 faults in their loves, read her simple letters. Desires to be heartily 
 commended to her Ladyship. 
 
 P.S. Has here with him one Mr. Darel, a man both very well 
 learned and very honest ; whose prest is troubled now and then 
 by those that have learned his nature, which is rather to take wrongs 
 than to follow trouble. If Cecil shoiild see cause, beseeches him to 
 help with his letter where it shall be needful. [Three pages.'] 
 
 Dec. 5. 587. The Council to Sir William Pickering. Send him copy of all 
 
 their proceedings with the French Commissioners for depredations. 
 Yesterday the Lieutenant Civil of Paris, M. VUlandry, and the 
 Advocate took leave of the King, and have promised on their return 
 to France to do their best to procure redress for the merchants, their 
 commission having been not to grant such redress but to hear and 
 report on the complaints. The King had appointed to the Lieutenant 
 for reward 500 crowns, and to the Advocate 100 marks. [Four 
 pages. Draft, autograph of Petre.} 
 
 Dec. 5. 588. Sir William Pickering to the Council. Has spoken to the 
 
 Compeigne. Bang and the Constable concerning the Council's proceedings with 
 the French Commissioners : had many good words, but for full 
 answer has been deferred until the Eling's coming to Compeigne, 
 when within three or four days he will know their mind. On leaving 
 Rheims the King determined that the Constable should go to 
 Hesdin with an army of 22,000 men, but suddenly that determina- 
 tion is staid. The Queen with her train was likewise sent to Paris, 
 but whatsoever the matter meaneth she cometh back to this town. 
 Mr. Barnaby [Fitzpatrick] has obtained leave to depart, and shall 
 have his dispatch within three or four days. [Two pages. Princi- 
 pally in cipher, undeciphered.] 
 
 Dec. 8. 589. Henry II., King of France, to King Edward VI. Has given 
 
 Compeigne. permission to Mr. Barnaby [Fitzpatrick], gentleman of his chamber, 
 to visit England on his private affairs : expresses high satisfaction 
 at his conduct, and recommends him as greatly deserving of his 
 Majesty's favour. [Countersigned by JDe I'Aubespine. French. 
 One page. Indorsed by Cecil.] 
 
232 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1552. 
 
 Dec. 8. 
 
 Compcigne. 
 
 Dec. 9. 
 Compeigne. 
 
 Dec. 9. 
 Compeigne. 
 
 Doc. 9. 
 
 Compeigne. 
 
 590. The Constg-ble Montmorency to King Edward VI. Eecom- 
 mends to his Majesty Mr. Bamaby [Fitzpatrick], gentleman of the 
 chamber to the French King, whose behaviour haa been so meri- 
 torious, that it would be a failure of duty on the Constable's part 
 were he not to certify it to his Majesty. [French. One page.] 
 
 This and the preceding letter are printed in the " Literary Re- 
 mains of King Edward VI.," Vol i., p. 90. 
 
 591. Sir William Pickering to Sir William Cecil. Hopes soon to 
 have the merchants' matters bi'ought to good conclusion. Bequests 
 speedy instructions from the Council as to affairs now in hand. 
 Kefers for news to his friend Mr. Barnaby [Fitzpatrick], the bearer. 
 [Half a page. Indorsed by Cecil] 
 
 592. Same to the Council. Had received their letters of the 
 14th November on the 23d of same month, together with the 
 copies of proceedings with the French Commissioners. Details his 
 conversations with the King, the Constable, and others of the French 
 Ministry regarding the grievances of the English merchants, which 
 had not been settled, as expected, by the Commissioners when in 
 England ; in all these conferences the usual promises of redress con- 
 sistent with justice and equity had been made. The fair words and 
 goodly promises of these men he would believe with more surety, if 
 the like that they have made him many times before had produced 
 some fruitful effect. The intimation which he previously gave to 
 their Lordships of a treaty in hand has been confirmed to him. The 
 doers in these matters for this part are M. Chauin or Choux and 
 M. Vaudemont, and for the other part M. D'Arras and the Marquis 
 Marignan. These men's weariness brings with it suspicion of some 
 conclusion, though no man can imagine how an equal match might 
 be made in these two Princes' matters, for though Hesdin be of great 
 importance, and would peradventure counterpoise Ivoix tod Dam- 
 villers, and that Metz might according to reason be rendered as a 
 member of the empire to the right owners, yet Sienna, by all men's 
 judgment, must needs stick so much in the Emperor's stomach, as 
 any full conclusion betwixt them may hai-dly be invented. Has 
 delivered a brief memorial of the other news here to Mr. Bamaby 
 [Fitzpatrick], who returns fully instructed in those things. Had 
 sought leave for him on account of his father's sickness in Ireltmd ; 
 the King, in granting such permission, " set him forth with many 
 good praises both for his wisdom and diligent service, saying he 
 would be a very good and meet servant for the King's Highness, 
 his good brother and son, and was very sorry, he said, that he had 
 done no more for him that worthily deserved any goodness." 
 
 P.S. "Mr. Barnaby shall hjivo in rowai-d 1,000 crowns." 
 [FAghleenpanfff. Indorsed hi/ Ccfll. The portion relating to the 
 treaty in cipher, dcciplicrcd. That with reference to Bamahy 
 FilqxUrick lias been printed in "Literary Remains of King 
 Edward VI., Vol.\..,p. 91.] 
 
 59.*). "A brief memoriall gyven to Mr. Barnabe Fizpati-ik at his 
 dei):uturo fi'oin Cunipeigno, the 9 of December 1552." Dragut 
 Rey winters at PreviMa, a port of tlie Turks, with 40 galleys, where 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 233 
 
 1552. 
 
 Dec. 9. 
 
 Dec. 11. 
 Brussels. 
 
 Dec. 13. 
 
 Brussels. 
 
 Dec. 22. 
 Compeigue. 
 
 also are the French galleys and the Prince of Salerno, waiting for 
 spring to attempt the enterprise of Naples. M. Vend6me has charge 
 of the camp about Hesdin, and the Admiral is General of the in- 
 fantry, estimated to be composed of 9,000 landsknechts and Swiss, 
 and 7,000 or 8,000 French. The newly-raised troops near Paris 
 remain there, to be employed on the frontiers of Champagne as 
 occasion may serve. The Duke of Ferrara has sent hither to have 
 his son restored, and otherwise is at point to protest being forced 
 thereimto, unless he would put two of his towns in risk of con- 
 fiscation, viz., Modena and Reggio, feodaries of the Emperor. [One 
 page.] 
 
 594. " Des Inventions de Harquebouze incogneues et de pratique 
 dicelles passant les aultres communes." [One page. Indorsed by 
 Cecil, " Mr. Barnabees' Remembrances,'" and annotated also by Cecil, 
 " This of Thorn. Crave' s Report." This invention appears almost 
 antidpatm^y oftlie "revolver'^ of the present day.] 
 
 595. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to Sir William Cecil. Thanks 
 him for his gentle letter of approbation. Trusts it may be perceived 
 by his common scribbled letter that he has proceeded according to 
 his poor capacity, which is not so great as his goodwill to serve ; 
 but the less he is able to do with such as lack disposition to do for 
 themselves, or receive when it is offered. " How much wood soever 
 be laid on, if there be want of fire to kindle it will be long or the 
 pot do seethe." Where Cecil does wish his ministry to be prosperous, 
 it shall be much the better if he often hears from England ; for until 
 now, to be plain with him, he thought he had stood in the place of 
 the cipher (" "). [Two pages.] 
 
 596. Same to Sir William Petre and Sir William Cecil. They 
 will now perceive by his common letter the answer which was 
 promised. The tiling stands upon one point, which yet perhaps the 
 time may qualify and good ministry withal. Of the Emperor's suc- 
 cess at Metz, good or bad, here is presently no talk, nor yet of any 
 other thing of moment. [One page.] 
 
 597. Sir William Pickering to Sir William CecU. The French 
 Commissioners are expected here daily. Villandry says, " gwe toutes 
 choses s'accommoderent bien d leur venue." Hopes they may to the 
 advantage of the English, and not to the profits of the French 
 merchants. Earnestly beseeches Cecil will procure his revocation, as 
 his undoing is manifest. Cannot find the pedigrees anywhere, but 
 hopes to be able to do so at Paris, where he will be soon, if, as is 
 reported, Heudin begins to parley. M. Boisdaulphin returns shortly, 
 and, it is said, wiU be replaced by M. Lansac. The like he trusts 
 shall foUow in his request. Recommends the bearer Rolle, who has 
 recently lost his father, and is one of his best servants. " If the 
 French hand inclosed should stray by any misadventure too far 
 abroad, it might be the occasion of trumping up some in these 
 
 ^ quarters." 
 
 P.S. [Fartly cipher, deciphered.] " The more I cry out, the worse 
 words I give these men, the more am I cherished, banqueted, and 
 presented with venison. Then judge you what devils these are to 
 
234 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1552. 
 
 deal with. Mr. Bamaby's 1,000 crovms are in one predicament 
 with my reward at my first coming hither, which they promised him 
 three times, saying that it was the King's commandment, yet hitherto 
 without delivery." [Two pages.] 
 
 Dec. 2 k 598. Peter Vannes to the Council. The enterprise of the Im- 
 Vunioc. perialists against Sienna goes on with great diligence. It is written 
 from Naples to the Emperor's agents at Florence, that their troops, 
 consisting of Germans, Spaniards, and Italians, to the number of 
 18,000 foot and 2,000 horse, were setting forth from Naples toward 
 Sienna on the 15th inst., and that Signor Ascanio deUa'Comia 
 nephew to the Bishop of Rome and servant to the Emperor, had in 
 readiness 4,000 foot levied from divers parts of Italy, to join the 
 Imperialists. The Bishop of Rome is in great fear of the Impe- 
 rialists, having heard from his Nuncio at Naples that they intend to 
 march close by the gates of Rome instead of taking their journey 
 25 miles off, as before they had seemed to be content. Wherefore 
 mistrusting some stratagem, he is levying 8,000 foot for his own and 
 his State's defence, to be ready before the approach of the Impe- 
 rialists. The French exert themselves for the defence of Sienna, 
 and have already there 5,000 foot and 600 horse, which number it is 
 thought they will increase as may be found necessary. The Cardinal 
 of Ferrara has done much good in abolishing the factions and recon- 
 ciling the hearts of the Siennese, which people being very plentiful 
 and warlike wiU make good defence. It is supposed that the first 
 attack of the Imperialists will be made upon certain havens very 
 commodious for the town. The Duke of Florence has not yet 
 declared himself, but men think that being at the Emperor's devotion, 
 and his father-in-law, the Viceroy, being General of the enterprise, 
 and the war so nigh to him, he wiU be fain to declare himself 
 Imperial, and aid them to the most of his power. Don Fernando 
 Gonzaga for the Emperor, and Mons. de Brissao for the French King, 
 are very strong in Piedmont : 3,000 Swiss are daily expected there 
 for the French King's aid. By letters from Constantinople of the 
 20th ult., it appears that the Prince of Salerno hiis had audience of 
 the Turk, who has made much of him and appointed him 20 crowns 
 a-day for his entertainment. The Prince has endeavoured to prevail 
 on the Turk to send his army in the spring to help forward the 
 enterprise of Naples, but it is supposed he will have much to do to 
 bring this to pass. Rustan Bassa, the Turks General, has been 
 revoked, the Persians having willulrawn themsehes out of that 
 country, as required by the season of the year. [Two pages.] In- 
 closed, 
 
 698. I. List of ili.o C(i2-)t<tius and the niniibei' of men under their 
 rommmid {(imoiiiiliiig in (dl to 1 I.D^jO) sent to Sknna by 
 tilt; Ciirdliiid of Ferrara aud ^fo)is. ae Thermes, at IGth 
 Dccaidiiv 1552. \Anto<)raj>Ii <f thril. One page.] 
 
 ])i:c 27. ^>!^i). I iiHt.ruetions for Sir Andrew Dudley, K.G., one of the 
 chi(^r g<'nt-leiiuiu ol' his Majesty's Privy Chamber, sent by King 
 Edward VI. to tlie Emperor Charles V. to express his Majesty's 
 (lcnii(! to mediate for peace between the Emperor and the French 
 King. {Dnifl. Ten pages.] 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 235 
 
 1552. 
 Dec. 29. 
 
 Chelsea. 
 
 1552-3. 
 Jan. 5. 
 
 Antwerp. 
 
 Jan. 8. 
 Brussels. 
 
 600. The Duke of Northumberland to Sir William Petre and Sir 
 William Cecil. Has received their letter at aeven o'clock this even- 
 ing, and perused those from Pickering. The copy of the one written 
 in French contains no secrets but merely gives account of various 
 sorties made out of Metz into the Emperor's camp, the removing of 
 certain of the Emperor's battery pieces, and the making of two new 
 trenches " that they may reach one another with the shot of their 
 hand g\ms level, saying that if the Imperials give them peason they 
 will render unto them beans again." Has not yet seen Lord Shrews- 
 bury, but thinks he will come to-morrow. {One page.] 
 
 601. Bartolomeo Balbani to Francis Yaxley. A letter of mere 
 courtesy, inclosing a memorandum from his brother Turco Balbani to 
 Yaxley, to the effect that Celio Secundo Curione, an Italian refugee 
 in Basle because of religion, had dedicated his Commentaries upon 
 the Philippics of Cicero to the King of England, as had also his son 
 Horatio Secundo Curione a small work I)e Amplitudine miseri- 
 cordicB Dei* that for these their labours they had received no reward ; 
 and that the father was in great poverty, burdened with a large 
 family and poor fugitive brethren ; and requesting Yaxley to sub- 
 mit their case to people of means and influence. When he 
 wishes to write he may intrust his letters to M. Guido Gianotti, an 
 Italian residing with M. Bartolomeo Compagni, which will reach 
 their destination in safety. {^Haliom. Letter and inclosure, each 
 one page. Indorsed by Cecil!] 
 
 602. Notes of the Treaties between King Henry VIII. and Louis 
 XIL forthe 
 sovereign, 
 
 for the marriage of the Dauphin Charles with the Princess Elizabeth, 
 daughter of King Edward IV. [Two pages. Autograph of Sir 
 WiUia/m, Cecil.] 
 
 603. Sir Andrew Dudley to the Council. Arrived here yesterday 
 between one and two o'clock in the afternoon, and immediately, by 
 Mr. Chamberlain the Ambassador, apprised the Kegent thereof, but 
 could not have audience until to-day at four o'clock, when she sent 
 for him by Mons. de Barlemont, one of the chief of the Council of 
 the Finances, and the captain of her guard to accompany him to 
 Court. After receiving very thankfully his Majesty's commenda- 
 tions and expressing her hearty good-will and desire for continuance 
 of amity between the countries, she much persuaded with him to 
 remain here till the Emperor's coming, saying that she thought 
 he was on his way, and feared that because his route is not known, 
 and he is somewhat sickly and has great business to do, Dudley 
 should hardly have audience of him until he reached Brussels. Had 
 professed his willingness to follow her advice, but his orders to post 
 towards the Emperor were peremptory, and requested that by some 
 order of her Council he might be addressed the best and surest way 
 
 of the Princess Mary, sister of the former 
 in 1514, and between King Edward IV. and Louis XL 
 
 " • The copy of this sent to his Majesty is in the British Museum. See note in " Literary Remains of 
 King Edward VL," p. cccxxx. 
 
236 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 to meet with him. She assured him she knew not by what ways 
 the Emperor came ; thought that horses should be hard to be gotten, 
 and the country very evil and dangerous to pass. Knows not what 
 her persuasion should mean to have him tarry, but that there is 
 hereabouts a certain bruit that the Emperor should be dead or very 
 sick, and that the camp doth break up. Intends to proceed forth- 
 with as speedily as he can, his delay hitherto having been for lack 
 of passage and of horses. On reaching Dover on Jlonday at two 
 o'clock A.M., he could have no passage till eight in the morning 
 of Tuesday, and lay on the sea all that day for lack of wind, 
 not coming till night to Calais, whence he was driven to ride to 
 Bruges without change of horses, and from Bruges to Antwerp in 
 like case. By means of this, and of the extreme foul way, he was 
 forced to make the less speed, being also very evil troubled on the 
 way with the rheum and a great cough, of which, he thanks God 
 he now feels himself somewhat eased. 
 
 P.S. — For that he can see or hear, the Court here is very slenderly 
 furnished of noblemen, none but certain of the ordinary Councillore 
 being in attendance. [Two pages.] 
 
 Jan. G04. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir William CecU. Hears that 
 
 [Day left blank, they shall come shortly towards Flanders, and would be glad it were 
 "' 6tM ' "^ °°^ ^" ^^^°'^ '"^ ^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^ daughters might also travel with them. 
 Spires. Never since he was born has he felt such cold as has been here this 
 Christmas. It looks still like enough to lay him up, in case he be 
 driven to enjoy aU its incommodities. Seeing Mr. Chamberlain is at 
 Brussels, ho might have good leave to come from Venice about the 
 beginning of March. Not being licensed to tarry wiU follow his 
 instructions, and give his wife and child leave to follow liim as they 
 shall be able. May be sure he would be glad to receive some com- 
 fort from Cucil, and that he will think there is small store thereof if 
 none is sent to him. If he hears not of his diets, his wife is like to 
 sojourn where she is till men think he deserves to be better holpen; 
 for he sees deserts be tliey that are rewarded, and so good will may 
 .starve if it bring forth no better works for evidence than he is able. 
 He would do more ; let it suffice for liis excuse, though it cannot 
 serve to praise, that he cannot. The Emperor was never more 
 chafed than now that the Marquis Albert has in his pays so deceived 
 him. The Emperor knows by this he is come into him, but he 
 brought neither love nor regard of duty with him. The Palsgrave 
 lias written letters and sent them to Morysine to be conveyed ; 
 would be glad they were such as might make him wortliy to have 
 tlicm answered, else he will go no more to him, though sure he could 
 not but bo welcoiuo. If Cecil bids Yaxley write anything to him, 
 knows that it will be dono with a good ^\•ill. Sends Lady Cecil a 
 li'W veisi'H made by a woman born iu It^dy, and for the Gospel's 
 sake t,'la(l (,(i dwell in Clcniiany. Ho oau uo skill, but would that 
 Lady Co.c'd with soiuo t'pistlo in Cnn'k woidd pick some quarrel of 
 ac(|iiaiutancu to iior. Hopes to oonio home when time will serve for 
 his wife to cross tlio seas. Supjiosos the Emperor shall not much 
 longer ni'('<l any Ambassador ; nor much longer tarry where Mory- 
 sine or any of the least hero may speak with him. There be few 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 237 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 Jan. [9.] 
 
 Jan. 9. 
 Brussels. 
 
 Jan. 14. 
 
 Venice. 
 
 that can better defeat fortune's foul play than the Emperor, and yet 
 good natures may be provoked too far. Will crave but one letter 
 from Cecil, till either they or the Emperor do come to Brussels. [Two 
 pages and a half.'\ 
 
 605. The Council to Sir William Pickering. Send him here- 
 with copies of certain papers received from the French Ambassador 
 six days ago, relative to the claims of the English merchants, 
 and desire him to lay before the French King and Council other 
 documents connected therewith, to ascertain fully the nature of the 
 evidence required by the French Commissioners, and to expostulate 
 against the imposts imposed upon the English merchandise by the 
 authorities of Rouen. [Two pages. Draft. Autograph of Petre.] 
 
 606. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to Sir William Cecil. Acknow- 
 ledges receipt of their letters by Mr. Dudley, who departed this 
 morning early, and could no sooner by reason it was long ere he had 
 access to the Queen. By common report, the Emperor will be here 
 at the end of this week, and is thought to be on the way. If this 
 be true, thinks Mr. Dudley shall with much difficulty have audience 
 until he be arrived, for that his Majesty is not wont to give any 
 audience by the way. Has been in hand with the Queen to desire 
 of her that the English merchants might have herrings and battery 
 from hence, paying the ancient tolls only. Her answer was that the 
 prohibition was directed not against England only, but Germany 
 and all places, because the country had lack thereof When it was 
 rejoined that no such scarcity, but great plenty was alleged, her 
 Majesty said " she ought to know best." Being informed that the 
 merchants asserted that great quantities of herring were .daily laden 
 for France by safe-copduct, and that not only the articles of the inter- 
 course bore, but common reason did require the same, seeing her 
 people by sufferance of the English did fish the same on the British 
 coasts and streams, her Majesty desired to have his mind thereon in 
 writing. This he had done, and now awaited her reply thereto. 
 [Two pages. Indorsed hy Cecil.'] 
 
 607. Girolamo Spagna to Francis Yaxley. Is informed by his 
 letter to the Ambassador of his safe arrival in England and inability 
 from want of time to write to his friends before the courier left. His 
 friend M. Bartolomeo Balbani, at Antwerp, is a courteous person, 
 whose services Yaxley may freely command in anything. The re- 
 covery of Edym [Hesdin] by the French, and the withdrawal of the 
 Imperial Army from Metz, are the principal news at present. The en- 
 terprise against Sienna appears to be fully determined. The Viceroy 
 of Naples sailed upon the 2d inst. with part of his army ; the rest 
 comes Dy land. The Pope is arming, not trusting much in the Im- 
 perialists. The Siennese having had time to prepare are in 
 good spirits. Sends him the speech made by Tholomei, the Venetian 
 Ambassador, to the French (missing), as he may like to glance at 
 it, by reason of his fondness for the language and this city. Desires 
 to be remembered to Mr. Scelton, from whom he anxiously expects a 
 letter, according to promise. Also to Messrs. Throgmorton and 
 Arnold, and their other friends. [Italian. Two pages. Indorsed 
 hy Cecil] 
 
238 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 Jan. 17. G08. Sir William Pickering to the Council. Their Lordships 
 Paris. -will be informed by the bearer, Sir Henry Sydney, of the result of 
 his mission. Commends Sydney's dexterity and his discreet and 
 wise handling of the matter confided to him. Yesterday, M. D'Aubry 
 introduced to him two of the four French Commissioners lately 
 appointed to adjust the commercial differences. Sends herewith a 
 letter which he has received from Mr. Thomas Middlemore, dated 
 Angers, iTth December last, stating that the Provincial of the 
 Jacobin Friars there, named Dyvole, had publicly in his sermons 
 denounced the King of England as a heretic, and as likely to prove 
 false to the French King as he had to his God, and that by his 
 heresy and infidelity he had lost the power of working such miracles 
 as the cure of the falling sickness, which his predecessors, the Kings 
 of England, possessed. This letter he has shown to the Constable, 
 who has promised that ere three days elapse such punishment shall 
 follow on him, as shall well cause all friars to beware through his 
 example what they speak or preach hereafter of princes. [Two 
 pages. Middlemore's Letter in French. One page.] 
 
 Jan. 17- C09. Same to Sir William Cecil. Sir Henry Sydney has accora- 
 Parls. plished his commiasion with so great wisdom and circumspection in 
 all the contents thereof as in his mind more could not have been 
 ex])ected of any man. He has been very courteously used by the 
 King and Constable, and has in reward a chain of 600 crowns and a 
 fair courser of Naples. Sends him some French works on genealogy, 
 and incloses a list of the English vessels and merchants' names, con- 
 cerning which he has laboured to the King and the Council Trusts 
 that he will remember his suit to return home next February. [One 
 page.] 
 
 Jan. 19. GIO. Same to the Council. Had received their letters of the 9th 
 Paris. on the 17th, and details his subsequent interview with the French 
 King relative to the evidence required in support of the merchants' 
 complaints. All had been amicably arranged, and the French 
 Cdmmissioners are to go to Kouen in a few days. The merchants 
 who reside in Ireland or distant parts of England are to make their 
 declarations before the local judges, and have them certified hither. 
 The Parisians have presented the King with 80,000 crowns, whidi 
 are this day to be sent to Italy for defence of Sienna ; but it is 
 thought that another grant will be required, as his Majesty's trea- 
 sure is already spent. It is reported that the Duke of Alva is to go 
 shortly into the Low Countries, whither his troops have already 
 proceeded. Dragut, with the Princo of Salerno, is now at Constan- 
 tinople, whore the Prince has received great presents and entertain- 
 ment, and has discovere<I that ho and the Turk are nigh kinsmen, 
 by means of a marriage mado between one of the Tiu-k's predecessors 
 and a woman of Naples that long shioc aviis taken tlience, being of 
 tlu) I'rineirs hon.sc. 'I'lie last letters from Italy mention that the 
 Sopliy and the Turk liavo eonehuled a peace, and that the Bassa, 
 wlio was on his way to Persia, has returned to Constantinople. Men 
 say the Tmlv has oil'erod to aid tlie French King with his whole 
 army, if ho so pleases, for the cuterpriso of Naples, [Three pages.] 
 
EDWAED VI. 239 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 Jan. 25. 611. Sir Andrew Dudley and Sir Richard Morysine to the 
 
 Luxemburg. Council. On the 5th instant, Morysine received at Spires his 
 Majesty's and the Council's letters by Francis the post. Minute 
 and lengthened details of the meeting of Morysine and Dudley at 
 Treves, and their proceeding together to Luxemburg, where audience 
 of the Emperor was appointed for them. While at Treves, certain 
 of Dudley's suite had gone to Thionville, where they found a cham- 
 ber hanged with arras, and the Prince of Piedmont's bed set up in 
 it for Dudley, and had great cheer, partridges and pheasants and the 
 Emperor's flagons, it being upon a Saturday. The Ambassadors 
 made such shift, though the waters were so risen that their guide 
 was almost drowned, that they reached Luxemburg a day before the 
 Emperor, who arrived on Wednesday at nightfall. They are quar- 
 tered in the residence of the Bishop of Treves, and have another 
 house nearly as good for part of their servants. On Thursday, at 
 3 P.M., Mons. du Rie, chief gentleman of the Emperor's privy 
 chamber, with four other gentlemen of the Court, came to welcome 
 Dudley on part of the Emperor, bringing with him the serjeant of 
 the cellar, it being the Emperor's pleasure that they should have of 
 his own wine, and praying them to send and not to spare it. That 
 same afternoon the Emperor had intended to have given them 
 audience, but besides that the gout was come again into his hand 
 and shoulder, he had also a grudging of a fever. For after his 
 Majesty had dined, he began to tremble and quiver for a season, and 
 within a little while after feU into a burning ; howbeit he would 
 take pills that night, and meant, if he should be in case for it, to 
 send for Dudley on the morrow. On Friday, the Italian secretary of 
 D'Arras came to inform them that the Emperor was obliged still to 
 defer the audience, for his Majesty's taking of pills had made him 
 somewhat weak. On Saturday, the same Italian returned, and 
 mentioned that though his Majesty was a good deal amended, yet 
 Dr. Cornelius, his physician, would in no case consent that he 
 should, upon his amendment, cumber his head with many matters. 
 On Sunday, the Secretary came again, and said that the Emperor 
 was so appaired that night that he could now not appoint any day, 
 but would give notice when his health should give him leave. On 
 this day, Wednesday, before dinner they received notice of audience 
 about two o'clock, and at that hour M. du Rie, with eight gentle- 
 men on horseback, came to their lodging to fetch them to the Court. 
 The Emperor came not with half so many noblemen into the town 
 as they found in his chamber at their repair thither, where were 
 the Prince of Piedmont, the Duke of Alva, the Bishop of Arras, Don 
 Diego, Mons. de Vaux, the Count of Egmont, with aU those of his 
 chamber, it being better furnished with hangings than ever before 
 found by Morysine, who had at no time either seen or heard of 
 such honourable receiving of any Ambassador since his time in 
 this' Court. The interview and conversation very minutely set 
 forth, — the Emperor addressing Morysine in Italian, as his Majesty 
 was not able to speak loud, and Dudley, by reason of an extreme 
 cold and murre, not being able to hear him ; but yet, though very 
 hoarse at the beginning, when he came to name his enemy, he spake 
 so loud that Dudley might easily hear what he said. The Emperor 
 
240 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1552-3, 
 
 stood stiff upon his honour ; though not indisposed to peace, would 
 give no answer till he knew his enemy's mind. The Emperor in 
 many ways appearing to wax faint, the audience terminated ; it 
 being his intention to leave for Brussels to-morrow, at which place 
 he would see Dudley again, having no leisure by the way for that 
 purpose. In all the time of Morysine's being in Germany he has 
 never seen the Emperor so nigh gone, never so dead in the face, 
 his hand never so lean, pale, and wan ; his eyes that were wont to 
 be full of life when all the rest had yielded to sickness, were then 
 heavy and dull, and as nigh death in their look as ever he saw any. 
 If, according to appointment, his Majesty goes away to-morrow, 
 hardly believes he will come alive to Brussels ; has often seen him 
 very evil, but never half so nigh the pit as now. D'Arras was veiy 
 sad, the Duke of Alva out of countenance, and the Prince of Pied- 
 mont would have forced a mirth to them, but he talked to them 
 like a man utterly amazed. Suppose their Lordships will perceive 
 by this that the Emperor will easUy be brought either to like peace 
 if the fault be not in the French King, or not to make wars any 
 time. D'Arras, hearing that they meant to send a post, willed 
 Capata to stay him, to the intent he might carry his letters to the 
 Regent, and letters, and as they suppose, instructions to the Em- 
 peror's Ambassador in England. If the Emperor leaves to-morrow 
 they will towards Flanders ; if not, will remain here till he departs. 
 Three days ago he sent 20,000 crowns to Marquis Albert, for 
 recruiting fresh troops in the Bishop of Treves' land. Heard that 
 at his going he besought the Emperor if with his favour he might 
 challenge a debt of 50,000 crowns which he alleges due to him by 
 the Bishop, and that the Emperor said, " If he owe it you, make 
 as good means as you can that he pays it you." This likely to be 
 true, as the Bishop has sent a Count as Ambassador to the Emperor, 
 with divers learned men waiting upon him. These may talk with 
 D'Arras, but with small hope of audience from the Emperor. The 
 Marquis will probably seek his debt by such ways as it became 
 first his due, when the Bishop may think the Emperor, in suffering 
 him to use violence, has set him on. The Bishop was not greatly 
 Imperial before, and this handling may make him a good deal more 
 French. On leaving Metz the Emperor left behind him a number 
 of Italians, Spaniards, and Germans sick and needy. These M. de 
 Guise has taken into Metz, and sends such as recover through 
 France with money and passports to their own countries ; and those 
 that remain in hospital arc p.-ovided, so that they lack nothing. 
 Tliis shall win honour to De Guise and reproach to the Emperor, 
 when the soldiers in France and in their own countries shall declare 
 the entertainment of both sides. [Si.v pages and a half, jxvily in 
 cipher, deeijiliord.'] 
 
 Jan. 28. (512. Peter Vannea to the Council. On the 21st inst Signer 
 Venice. Don Gratia, son uf the ViuiToy of Naples, arrived at Rome acconi- 
 patii(Ml with (inly 200 hor.soa, not having leave to bring a larger 
 number as ho had rrcjuircd. lie had visited the Bishop of Rome, 
 and (l(^|iart('(l not well natisiiod, because the Bishop had refused to 
 inuUo his biother, Don Luigi, a Cardinal. All tliat evening Don 
 
EDWARD VI. 241 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 Garcia was occupied with divers Spanish and Imperial Cardinals, 
 but well watched by the Bishop's agents, fearing some other 
 stratagem. Next morning he left for Monterosa, 20 miles from 
 Eome, where were the Imperialists whom he had guided by land. 
 These consisted of 2,-500 Almains well appointed, 2,500 Italians, 
 2,000 Spaniards, lately come out of Spain and as yet not well ex- 
 perted in wars, 400 men at arms, 600 light horse from Naples, and 
 200 horse well appointed for the safety of the Viceroy's own person. 
 He himself has taken his journey by sea towards Florence, ac- 
 companied with 1,500 Spaniards, old and expert soldiers. Signor 
 Ascanio della Cornia has in readiness 2,500 Italian footmen, and 
 will join the Emperor's army, which as yet, touching the chivalry, is 
 reckoned stronger than the French at Sienna. These Imperialists 
 from Naples carried with them no ordnance, but 100 carriage 
 mulcts leaden with lead, powder, and matches for use of the hag- 
 butters. In infantry the French at Sienna are reckoned more 
 numerous, better armed, and better willing. The Duke of Florence 
 it is thought will in the end declare himself Imperial. The country 
 of Tuscany wiU be much wasted and damnified for the entertain- 
 ment of both these armies, which are like every day to increase more 
 and more, and yet the rainish and miry season seems very unmeet 
 for soldiers to do any great exploit in open field. Don Fernando 
 Gonzaga having made a breach in the wall of San Damiano, in the 
 marquisate of Montferrat, had prepared to give the assault, when a 
 great mist arose which lasted three days and was succeeded by a 
 very great rain, whereby all that enterprise was of force laid 
 apart, and Don Fernando with his army and artillery retired out of 
 the mire into Asti and Alessandria. A great part of the Imperial 
 army in Piedmont, it is said, will go to join the Viceroy of Naples 
 against Sienna, and the rest will be garrisoned in various parts of the 
 country, the French on their side having done the same. So the 
 matters of Piedmont seem to have some rest, God knows how long ! 
 Letters from Constantinople of the 22d ult. confirm the news of the 
 great victory of the Persians over the Turk, who is like for this 
 year to revolt his strength from Christendom to his own defence. 
 The Prince of Salerno was still at Constantinople. Letters from Ant- 
 werp of the 7th inst. mention the King of England's offer of mediation 
 between the Emperor and the French King, which is here generally 
 praised and lauded of every good man. [Five ^pages.] 
 
 Feb. 2. 613. Ivan Vasalovich, Emperor of Russia, to King Edward VI. 
 
 Castle of In accordance with his Majesty's request conveyed by one Eichard 
 oscow. ^^^ jj.g QQjjjpjjny^ ^l)g Emperor permits the English merchants to 
 have free market within his dominions. Orders have been given that 
 if Hugh Willoughby shall land or touch in the said dominions he shall 
 be well entertained. Will be glad to receive one of his Majesty's 
 Council to treat with and settle commercial intercourse between the 
 two countries. [Copy. Translation.] 
 
 Feb. 4. 614. King Edward VI. to Sir William Pickering. Sir Henry 
 
 Sydney's report of their joint conference with the French, and 
 Pickering's letter to the Council of the I7th January touching the 
 affairs of the English merchants, have afibrded his Majesty much 
 
242 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1662-3. 
 
 Feb. 4. 
 
 Feb. 4. 
 
 Feb. 11. 
 
 Venice. 
 
 Feb. 11. 
 
 BruBsels. 
 
 satisfaction. Desires him to present his Majesty's letters to the 
 French King, and to ascertain the terms referred by the latter as 
 preliminaries of peace between him and the Emperor, in the media- 
 tion to be attempted by King Edward. [Draft. Five 'pages.] 
 
 61 5. Letter of the Council to Sir William Pickering. Desire him 
 to request of the French King that three notorious pirates named 
 Strangwisshe and Thomaa and Peter Killigrew, who have fled to 
 France to avoid justice, may be apprehended and delivered to him 
 for the purpose of being sent to England in sure custody. The 
 Commissioners from the English merchants will shortly be in Rouen. 
 [Draft (autograph of Petre). One page.] 
 
 616. The Council to Sir Andrew Dudley and Sir Richard Mory- 
 sine. Acknowledge receipt of their letter of the 25th ult., * and 
 direct Dudley, in consideration of the Emperor's determination 
 not to commune of peace until the French King's sentimenta are 
 known, and of his ill disposition of body, to return as soon as he 
 may, if he has not already departed before this letter arrives. Before 
 leaving he will desire to know by D'Arras whether the Emperor haa 
 any further answer to send, and take his leave of the Emperor if 
 the state of his health permits. When opportunity serves Morysine 
 is to remind the Emperor of the subject of Dudley's mission, and 
 endeavour to ascertain his views, whether modified or as they now 
 are. [Orie page and a half. Copy.] 
 
 617. Girolamo Spagna to Francis Yaxley. Is informed by the 
 last letter that he is in the country with his parents, and has no 
 time to write to his friends. Entreats him, on his return to London, 
 to steal a little time to do so. He is indebted in two or rather three 
 letters which Spagna has written to him since he left Venice. The 
 Imperialists do their best to take Sienna, and the Siennese in like 
 manner defend it, so much so that women and the highest ladies 
 carry fascines to a bastion which is in course of construction at the 
 gate Camolia. The French are most active in assisting them, so 
 that they show themselves little afraid of the enem}', who is now 
 near Cortona, and will soon concentrate to commence the enterprise. 
 The Turk's army will soon set forth to favom* the attack of the 
 kingdom ; so that, unless God shall stretch forth his hsmd, Italy will 
 be evilly treated both by the Christians and the Turks. Desires to 
 be remembered to Messrs. Arnold, Throgmorton, Bai-nes and their 
 other friends. [Italian. One page. Indorsed by Cecil.] 
 
 618. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir William Cecil Had sent his 
 Majesty's letters to Mount eight days since by post, but at his own 
 charges, being forced to send his wife money in such wise, or else to 
 suffer her to want wlierowith to buy moat. As God help him, he 
 left lier so little that lio thinks slu- hath boarded witli shame, or sold 
 with a good dual of loss ; and yd lio brought so small store with 
 him that if buuw relid'had not como by Weston, Dudley must have 
 li'iit him money nr lio should liiwo liiul none at all ere he could have 
 come to BruHHt'ls. The Venetian Ambassador has received from Rome 
 
 By mistiikc " present," 
 
EDWARD VI. 243 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 a letter, which says the Bishop of Rome meaneth very earnestly to be 
 in hand with these two princes for their atonement. It goes thus, 
 that he will first send mean men to feel both their inclinations, and 
 will after send a very honourable Ambassador to both ; for so he 
 and his do esteem their Cardinals to be. Ferrante's retirement 
 from St. Damiano may increase furies in Italy, seeing they that 
 should stay them have so evil luck when they go about it. It is 
 , also thought the enterprise of Sienna will prove harder than it was 
 taken for. He has been so desirous to finish this their business, 
 that Cecil must content him with these few lines, and make their 
 excuse that they write no more news than they have leisure to come 
 by. Trusts shortly to meet with such occurrents, as his customers 
 are wont to ply him withal, and yet could be right glad to be rid 
 of these customers, and to help his successor to them. Is in great 
 hope it will be so, and trusts the time will be upon his wife's coming 
 hither from Spires. Sir Andrew Dudley will be a suitor, and so 
 many others, as Cecil needs but to take the occasions that shall be 
 offered to help him home. If occasions come not, prays Cecil to be 
 one to himself and think he can do no greater pleasure to Morysine. 
 Wishes Cecil health, and that he may be where he may see him 
 whole and feel some of his mirth, for his own weareth in this 
 country so fast away as he is afraid he shall bring no great store 
 home with him. [Two pages.] 
 
 Feb. 12. 619. Sir Andrew Dudlej' and Sir Richard Morysine to the 
 Brnsseis. CouncU. Had received their Lordships' letter of the 4th inst. by 
 Francis at 6 a.m. of the 7th, the Emperor having arrived on the 
 preceding day. Informed D'Arras at 9 next morning of their desire 
 to have access to His Majesty for further answer. On the 9th 
 Morysine invited Mons. de Rie to dine with Dudley at his lodgings, 
 where he should meet Don Diego di Mendoza, the Ambassador of 
 Florence, and others. This invitation he accepted, and came a pretty 
 while before dinner, as one as willing to talk as to eat, yet keeping 
 the best of his talk till they were at table, when he said that he 
 had found as good and as hearty friends of gentlemen in England 
 as ever he found in all his life, and thought that whosoever would 
 not the increase of the amity between those two houses, was neither 
 good English nor good Imperial. These two had assayed each other 
 so many years, as they both did well understand how necessary 
 the one was to the other. Both had hitherto prospered, and could 
 not but prosper as long as they hold together ; and when the one 
 should take any notable harm, the other cannot but feel his part 
 thereof shortly after. Dudley, Chamberlain, and Morysine talked 
 to the same purpose. De Rie further said that he had often seen 
 France in many perils, but never so like to come to ruin, — not even 
 when Francis its King was prisoner in Spain, — as when the King of 
 England was before Boulogne and the Emperor before St. Dizier. 
 And if his poor advice had been taken when others willed the 
 Emperor to fall to agreement with France, the Emperor had gone 
 on and not staid, till the King of England and he had parted 
 together. His desire was that they should have determined a new war 
 against the spring of the year ; and he warranted, that had he been 
 arbiter in the matter, the Emperor should have done well, and 
 
 Q 2 
 
244 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1552-8. 
 
 England never a whit worse than the Emperor. But he said he 
 was too partial (s/c) to be chosen arbiter of all sides; there had 
 been evil ministers by whom much hurt had been done, yet things 
 may amend when gentlemen, and not long gowns, shall be the 
 doers between Princes. After dinner De Rie accepted an invita- 
 tion from Dudley to dine with him on the following day, and to 
 bring his guest with him as he had done to Morysine. The same 
 evening Mons. de Courriers came to town, and he also gladly came 
 to dine at Dudley's, and both at table and after dinner used much 
 honourable talk of England, expressing his great desire to have the 
 amity stronger between England and his master, saying that if he 
 might have been believed, it had not been to do now. And farther, 
 tli.it such desire was not restricted to himself and a few of the Court, 
 but was felt by all the Emperor's dominions in these parts. He 
 also said, where things are to be done, it is no wise part to stand 
 upon points of honour, but a good piece of wisdom to enter talk 
 roundly and freely with our friends. Touching access to the 
 Emperor, De Rie had shown himself as friendly to seek His Ma- 
 jesty's mind therein, as D'Arras of some purpose did forslow it ; for 
 on Friday the 10th inst. he sent a gentleman of his chamber to 
 Dudley to tell him that the Emperor would speak with him on the 
 morrow, as accordingly at three o'clock of the Saturday he did. The 
 Court was very well furnished with noblemen, all of them veiy glad 
 to embrace the Ambassadors, and glad to talk well of England The 
 Emperor came forth without staff or any to lead him, his chair being 
 set on the farther end of the chamber that they might see he could 
 go so far without any stay. In the convei-sation which ensued 
 between his Majesty and Dudley, the former said that until parti- 
 cularities were known fiom his enemy how could he wiU the King 
 of England to work in the matter of peace ? What answer could he 
 give? All the world knew he began not the wars; they knew 
 France took his subjects' ships and goods, had invaded the empire, 
 hired men to rebellion, taken from the empire things belonging to 
 it, and from himself part of his inheritance. For himself, he always 
 loved peace and wished the quietness of Christendom, and if he 
 might have such a pe.ace as reason was he had, his will was good, 
 and he would be glad to have a peace, not desiring such as he ought 
 not by all good reason to have offered to him. But he knew, if 
 peace were made, the French King would no longer keep it with 
 him than he thought it his best. What the Emperor accounts 
 reasonable they cannot tell, but it seems if reason be offered he is 
 like enough to consent to peace. Ho bent all his talk to make them 
 understand that he would not rofuso any reasonable accord ; and it 
 would .ippear he could be woll content that others were judges 
 what should bo thought reasonnblo, and not he himself to be judge. 
 Wlicn about to take \v:\,\\\ and offering to kiss his hand, the Emperor 
 ft.i.sb his arm iiliont Dudley's neck, witli great show of accepting his 
 foiiiliig, of liking Ills message, and of allowing his behaviour in the 
 (U)lng tlioicof. The Qin'cn, meaning the Emperor's comforts, has 
 caused his victories at Tunis and elsewhere to be set out in very fair 
 urras, whicli hangs in that chamber where they had audience. De 
 Rie and others accompauied them home, and he said to Dudley 
 
EDWARD VI. 245 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 first and Morysine after, that if they did not use him where he might 
 stand them in any stead, he would think tliat either they did not 
 know his goodwill towards Englishmen, or that they would him 
 not so much good as to give him oft oecasions to make demonstra- 
 tion thereof. They had scarcely at home when Don Diego, who had 
 called during their absence, returned to desire Dudley not to fail him 
 to morrow at dinner. De Rie promised by the way, that he would 
 not leave Dudley so long as he could enjoy him, and when he could 
 no more, his ti-ust was they should meet one day again. The Queen 
 having appointed this morning at nine o'clock for Dudley taking 
 his leave, they have been, and with Chamberlain have received very 
 gentle entertainment at her hand, with as good words as can be 
 devised. Dudley will follow this letter as soon as he can ; Morysine 
 being as sorry to tarry as the other is glad to be gone. Send two 
 letters for their Lordships from Mr. Vannes. [Five pages. PaH in 
 cipher, deciphered.] 
 
 Feb. 15. 620. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir William Cecil. Perceives by a 
 Antwerp, letter out of Saxony, that Hans Frederick's second son, who is the 
 goodlier gentleman, would if he dm-st, bear a great affection towards 
 the Lady Elizabeth's Grace. The land in Germany is divided, and 
 as much comes to the second as to the first, which first is thought to 
 be of no long life. Were Dukes Maurice and Frederick to die, both 
 their lands come to Hans Frederick's sons. Dares write but to Cecil 
 of this matter, not meaning to take any knowledge thereof, but for 
 Cecil, whose gre shall easily bid him hold his peace. The Emperor, 
 as he may perceive, could content himself with any reasonable peace. 
 The last letters from home, seem to will him not to press the 
 reconciliation but in a few words. Warrants he will not exceed his 
 commission ; and thinks the time serves him better to look than to 
 leap, the Emperor's afiairs going on as they do. Dudley knows the 
 talk is, that the Venetians will secretly aid those of Sienna and 
 others, to the disadvantage of the Imperialists out of Italy. As 
 Dudley travels in post, thought better to leave it to his talk, 
 than to write it. [One page and a half. Partly in Greek 
 characters.'] 
 
 Feb. 15. 621. Sir William Pickering to the Council. On Tuesday the 7th 
 Paris. inst., had received by Mr. Masone's man, his Majesty's and their 
 Lordships' letters of the 3d and 4th. On Wednesday, M. de Guise, 
 accompanied by the Princes and gentlemen who had been at Metz, 
 came to the Court, where there was such joy and feasting for the 
 two days following, as for that time almost nothing else was minded. 
 On Saturday morning, because the King was going out a 
 hunting early, he had audience in the bed-chamber, before his 
 Majesty was dressed, and delivered to him King Edward's letter. 
 The King was willing to agree to a peace being mediated by the 
 King of England, provided the Emperor made proposals first, but 
 not otherwise. He will also cause the pirates to be apprehended. 
 Next day he saw the Constable, and noted in him a much greater 
 inclination to pence than in the King. On receipt of their letters of 
 the 4th January, by certain Irishmen from Limerick, he preferred 
 their complaints to the Council, who remitted them to the 
 
246 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 Commissioners at Rouen. Has recently procured for many English 
 merchants in France, a renewal of their privileges under the Great 
 Seal. Has been informed by one Goodall, a miner, that another 
 miner of the name of Nycar, presently with M. de Vend6me, has 
 promised to bi-ing to France 40 or 50 miners from the West ot 
 England, for which purpose he has sent thither three of his men, 
 named John Allen, William Powell, and one Penner. They have 
 pi-omised to M. de Vend6me to bring with them also a bowyer and a 
 fletcher. The same Nycar had not long since been with him, 
 promising that he would go straightway to England, and for the 
 same purpose. Had given him in his purse sufficient to defray his 
 journey thither. The French still continue their warlike pre- 
 parations : their German troops are in Normandy, the Veterans and 
 Swiss on the frontiers of Picardy, and they hasten to collect their 
 naval forces. There is a report here that the King desires to take into 
 his own hands all the conventual property and sell it for ready money, 
 engaging to pay each year in perpetuity the valued rental of such 
 property to the abbies to which it belongs, out of the Crown revenues. 
 This is thought to indicate a great want of money in France, yet 
 many think that by this measure, the King may make two millions 
 of gold. It is again reported, that two Cardinal Legates, a latere, 
 are coming from Rome, to settle the differences between these 
 Princes. Sends long and minute details of the military affairs in 
 Italy. It is reported that the kingdom of Naples is in great want 
 of troops, except the fortresses, which are sufficiently manned : also 
 great want of money, for remedy whereof a new inquisition of the 
 faith is made, which as yet the people will not accept Poulin with 
 a great party of the Turk's army are preparing for spring. One 
 Bartholomeo Pesaro is expected at this Court on matters of the 
 Duke of Urbino, and to enter into the French service. For the last 
 three days there has been great triumphing and feasting here at the 
 marriage of Duke Horatio and Madame la bastarde of France, 
 which was celebrated in royal apparel, with much solemnity and 
 riches. Implores them to recall him, and for the love of our Lord to 
 command Sir Henry Sydney to inform them of the truth of the aise 
 in which he stands. [Twelve pages. Indorsed by Cecily 
 
 Feb. 15. 622. Sir William Pickering to Sir William Cecil. The Jacobin 
 
 Paris. friar, of whom he lately wrote, hearing thivt the King's commission 
 
 for his apprehension was issued, has fled from Angers and cannot 
 
 yet be found. Earnestly renews his entreaties to be recjvlled. " By 
 
 God ! Mr. Cecil, I would you knew the terms I stand in, then I 
 
 dare boldly say you would judge me to have reason in being thus 
 
 importunate." Sends a letter from Claudio Ptolomeo to his Majesty. 
 
 " The man can say well." fO«e />«,'/c.] 
 
 A(.h Wednesday. (]23. Tlie Mngistratcs and Senators of Lubeck to King Edward VI. 
 
 [February IS.] CredciitialM of Dr. llonnau AppoUoniua, sont iV5 Envoy on the sub- 
 
 Li.ixrk. joct of the ])rlvili'go.s of tho Hanso Towns. Speech of the said 
 Envoy, at Westminster, .Tlh April ensuing. [TAvtin. Three pages. 
 (Japiaa.^ 
 
 \''r.],. 18. (i'il', I'cter Viinnc^w to the (.'ouncil. The Imperialists, having con- 
 Vcnicc. centrated their forces to the number of 14,000 on the confines, 
 
EDWARD VI. 247 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 entered the territory of Sienna and marched to Lusignano, the castle 
 of which was kept by French soldiers. These being too few for the 
 defence, would have burned the provisions and abandoned the place, 
 but the people rose in arms and prevented this waste, and the 
 soldiers retiring to some other quarters, near Sienna, the Imperialists 
 without any trouble took possession not only of that castle, but of 
 Asinalunga, Torrita, and some other towns ; exacting from the 
 inhabitants nothing but such provision of victuals as they were able 
 to make. The Imperialists have great hopes of success, being much 
 superior in numbers to the French, who cannot without great 
 difficulty increase their forces, as the roads are impeded by the 
 ImperiaJists and their aUies. They are favoured by the Duke of 
 Florence and the country people. 4,000 Almaius from Piedmont 
 under Don Fernando, are on the way, and these with the Spaniards 
 coming from Sicily and Genoa, will increase the Imperial force to 
 20,000 foot, and 1,500 light horse. The men of arms are to return 
 to Naples, by reason that Tuscany is too narrow and mountainous 
 for their doing any exploit there. The French are well prepared 
 with two years supply of victuals, meaning to keep safe the head of 
 the country, that is Sienna, Chiusi, Massa, Grosseto, Montalcino, 
 Port Hercules and Porto Talamone, places on the sea coast 
 well furnished and fortified. The Siennese murmur at the 
 abandoning of Lusignano. The Imperialists were proceeding with 
 their ordnance to Chiusi, a very strong place not easily to be taken 
 without Jaattery. Besides 40 pieces of ordnance belonging to the 
 Emperor, the Duke of Florence has lent them 13 of his own, and 
 aids them with munitions and victuals. In Orvieto, a country 
 belonging to the Bishop of Rome, the French have taken a courier 
 of the Viceroy, going to the Emperor : this has much aggrieved the 
 Bishop, who has written earnestly to the Cardinal of Ferrara and 
 Mons. de Thermes that he will not suffer his jurisdiction to be violated 
 by them or others ; and if the Bishop and the French fall out, it 
 wiU be a great hindrance to the enterprise. After recovering from 
 his sickness, the Viceroy was appointed to go to Montipulciano, not 
 fe,r from the army, which is commanded by his son Don Garcia, 
 with the advice of Signors Alessandro ViteUi, Sfo'rza, Santofiore, and 
 CamiUo Colonna, men of first experience in wars. The siege of 
 Sienna is by some thought to be most difficult of achievement, by 
 reason of its site and strong fortifications ; others think that the 
 ground about it is of a kind that may be mined easily. Count 
 Sanseverino, nephew to the Prince of Salerno, has passed here on his 
 way to Constantinople, to assure the Turk, as he says, in the French 
 King's name, that at a time specified, he will have a large army in 
 the realm of Naples; without which the Turk cannot persuade 
 himself that this army may do any good there. It is said here, that 
 the French King will send 10,000 Swiss and a large number of 
 horse, and levy men in Italy for the enterprise of Naples, but the 
 Imperialists question his ability to procure any considerable number 
 of Italians. They also doubt whether the Swiss will willingly serve 
 so far from home, and in company with the Turks ; and as the way 
 to Italy by Piedmont is stopped, they think the only passage for the 
 Swiss is by the Frisons and these States. As the mountains of the 
 
248 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 Frisons are very evil and troublous for footmen, and much more for 
 men at arms, the French King, it is supposed, will much use the 
 service of the sea or the Turk's navy for transporting his horsemen 
 from France, if he intends to send any number. The Seigniory 
 steadily persist in neutrality, and it is believed that they be nothing 
 pleased that the Turk should so often be brought to a knowledge of 
 the ports and havens of Christendom, which for three years has 
 compelled them to maintain a fleet of more than 40 gallies, at an 
 extraordinary annual charge of 100,000 crowns. [Four pages and 
 a half.] 
 
 Feb. 20. 625. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir William Cecil But that it 
 Brussels, pleased the Council in one matter to write sundry letters to 
 Chamberlain and him by Mr. Parker, they thought still to have 
 their letters jointly, and being in one town, one King's servant not to 
 seem two. It shall be no great cumber to them to write as they do, 
 though in very deed it were both their comfort to write together, 
 and to join in these letters, seeing in the rest they are so wilUngly 
 together, and so willing to come both home at once. The Lords 
 must needs be weary to read both their letters, when they shall be 
 both of the same things ; and therefoi-e requests Cecil will tell his 
 mind to Yaxley, and they will follow it accordingly. If the Count 
 Palatine comes hither, wishes he might have a letter from his 
 Majesty ; they may perhaps receive pleasure at his hand. It was 
 Otto Henrich and not he, who sought relief at the King's hands ; at 
 least knows Otto Henrich did not of this man's craving. Heard not 
 till Weston told him of it. If it is determined, desires but what 
 Cecil shall think good. He is a very noble gentleman, and used 
 Morysine so well that he must be sorry to know his desire so great, 
 and himself so unable to speed him of any part thereof Dudley 
 said he would speak for his coming home ; would now be glad to 
 hear from Cecil, and that he may think there is cause, sends him 
 letter from the Duke of Saxony's preacher to Mr. Hales. The 
 writer is a goldsmith, and would fain mingle metals together. Cecil 
 knows what he means, and till he tells Morysine, the latter wots not 
 what answer to make to him. Knows nothing of the matter, nor 
 will write him anything, if it be no more meant at home. Ascham, 
 Cecil knows, has so set things out, that love must be born, though 
 the party is not seen. [Two j^ajf^] Incloses, 
 
 625. I. Letter from John Aurlfaber to John Hales.— Weimar, 
 2Qth December 1552. Some tocds ago had received his 
 letter, with others from himself to Halfs, which had been 
 intercepted and opened. Has written to Sarcenus to 
 whom they itwrc itiintsled, to ascoiain by whose hands 
 they were forwarded. ]yhvn lie he(trs, wiU communicate 
 tl/c rrp!;/, mid. Iioiceforward will write moi^ cautiously 
 on t/ic, biisiiirss. i^^in-priscil that th^ Ambassador has not 
 iri'illcti since he hft him. Thrir'sis not ready ; has com- 
 mtinlciilrd l/i.o same 'iiKillers to the sou, to whom he has 
 (/ivcii (/mil hopiK, II ml -who is very anxiotis that tlie affair 
 onat/ hi: haslr'ued. Writes by the courier of their Court, a 
 most trustworthy pcrson^and awaits reply. Haslaidy 
 
EDWAED VI. 249 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 also written to Count Albert, who waits for Hales' coming. 
 Believes that Hales is made aware of the wars and com- 
 motions in Germany, by the letters which are daily sent 
 to Philip [Melancthon]. The Emperor is in ca/mp, and 
 hitherto has sharply besieged Mdz, and in many places 
 destroyed walls and towers. But the citizens defend 
 themselves gallantly, and make daily sorties on the camp, 
 annoying the Iinperialists. The French are said to have 
 a camp not far from Metz, and bring troops from all 
 quarters, and it is thought will relieve the city. The 
 Marquis' army is grievously afflicted by pestilence and 
 all kinds of disease, and more than 300 soldiers die daily; 
 others, both horse and foot, seek safety by flight, and leave 
 him. This wickedness will not pass unpunished. Some 
 of the pnncij)al citizens leave Augsburg, for that unhappy 
 city groans under heavy exactions, and the fcn^mer guard 
 there is increased by 1,200 men. On the banks of the 
 Rhine pestilence rages extremely, and at Strasburg, 
 Hedius, and the wife of John Sturm, andl^ preachers 
 have died of it. The army in Saxony increases daily, 
 and lately messengers from Strasburg have been with 
 Count Volrad in the cam.p ; believes they were sent by J. 8. 
 Understands that, the ducky of Brunsioick being occupied, 
 he will make for other places. From all these tumults 
 and dangers can hope for no good to Germany, but on the 
 contrary, the destruction of religion and liberty in that 
 country is impending. Letters from the camp this day 
 inform him that the army will be increased shortly by 
 1,000 cavcdry. Wishes him the congratulations of the 
 coming year. 
 
 P.8. — From, Strasburg, Francis Briander sends a 
 letter for Philip Melancthon : requests him to hand it to 
 him, with his own complim,ents. " The Duke of ScuKony is 
 right heir to the Duke of Cleves, if he have no heirs male, 
 as all we costronomers judge he is not like to have ; and it 
 is not to be doubted but the new corphurst [churfiirst, i.e. 
 electoral princel will have some plague. I have very oft 
 desired to go to the old Count Mansfeldt, but because 
 I have nothing to do with him, I defer it." [Latin. This 
 last paragraph quoted is English, in Greek characters. 
 Three pages.] 
 
 Feb. 24. 626. Eesumption of tbe Privileges of the merchants of the Steel- 
 Westminster, yard. On these grounds :— 
 
 1. The pretended privileges are void, because the merchants have 
 no sufficient corporation to receive the same. 
 
 2. These privileges extend to no certain persons or towns, but 
 they admit to be free virith them whom they list, to the annua] 
 loss to the customs of nearly 20,000?. 
 
 3. Even were such privileges good according to the law of the 
 land, which they are not, they had only been granted on the condition 
 that they should not avow or colour any foreign goods or merchan- 
 dise ; a condition which the merchants have not observed. 
 
250 FOEEIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1552-3. ~ 
 
 ■k For more than one Inindrod years after these alleged privileges 
 wero grantt'il, the Hanae mercbantH exported no goods, except to 
 their own countries, or imported any but the produce of the same; 
 wlierens now tiiey do ho to the Low Countries, Flanders, and else- 
 wlioro, and import from them, contrary to the terms of a recogni- 
 zance made iemp. Hen. VII. 
 
 ."). These privileges, which were at first beneficial to the mer- 
 chants, without any notable injury to the realm, have now by their 
 exceeding of the same grown so prejudicial to the State that they 
 may no longer without the great hurt thereof be endured. 
 
 6. The treaty of reciprocity, made after a forfeiture of the alleged 
 privileges by war, tcnq-). Ed. IV., whereby the English should have 
 similar liberties in Prussia and other places of the Hanse, has been 
 daily broken, especially in Dantzic, by the prohibition of English- 
 men to buy and sell there : and though divers requests for redress 
 of such wrongs have been made, no reformation has ensued. 
 
 Wherefore until the merchants can prove better and more suffi- 
 cient matter for their claim, all their liberties and fi^nchises are 
 seized and returned into the King's hands ; reserving to the mer- 
 chants the ordinary privilege of trading common to those of other 
 nations. [Copy. Tivo pages. Entitled by Cecil, "The Decree 
 arjeynst the StyUi/Krd." See Macpherson's Annals of Commerce, 
 Vol. n.,pp. 109, flO.] 
 
 Feb.' 2.5. 627. Sir William Pickering to Sir William Cecil. There repair 
 Paris. unto him almost every day men of good learning and reputation, 
 great and earnest favourers of God's Word. Knows at least fifteen, 
 both of good service and estimation in this Court, that will in a few 
 days be in England for fear of the faggot. Among these are four 
 Spaniards (rarw Airs), so virtuous and well instructed in God's 
 Book, that their likes may hardly be foimd in any place. Ceiiain 
 ladies of the Court have of late kept a communion amongst them- 
 selves, but not so secietly that the thing was not discovered, where- 
 with the King m much offended. The Marshal St. Andre's wife the 
 chief, with at least ten others, at that banquet. These matters are 
 marvellously sown abroad throughout all this country. [One page. 
 Indorsed by Cecil.] 
 
 Feb. 28. 628. Sir Richard Morysine to the Council. Whether or not it be true 
 
 " ' that since Christmas the city of Paris has given their King in ready 
 money 1 00,000 crowns, with promise of 6,000 foot at their 
 cl)arges, so long as the war lasts between him and the Emperor, 
 lie cannot tell, but he is sure tliat the rumour has served the Em- 
 peror to good purpose iu straining his people farther than perhaps 
 they would have gone. These countries have paid so much, and so 
 often, that they would ghidly show tiieniselves to be weary of paying; 
 but the |ireseiit necessity is sueli that ii <n/ ctm in no wise serve it. 
 It is told th(^ni that what the Kmperor asks is a trifle, compared 
 witli what the Parisians give. His clergy have so good a title to 
 their whole, thai, thoy atieU not to give him the one half, quietly to 
 enjoy the other. Tlie great estimation iji which Maximilian is held, 
 lioLh ill tile High and Ijow tJountries, may be the reason why the 
 Emperor will not uso hiui in these waiu The rumour that he is 
 
 Brussels, 
 
EDWARD VI. 251 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 to be General continues : but there are at the Court who say that 
 he is sickly and weak, and unwilling to be far from the Queen his 
 wife. Some consider these are tales devised to blemish some part of 
 his fame. The Germans would be glad he were their Emperor, and 
 those of Flanders as glad he were. their lord. Some dare to say that 
 if the Emperor had shut in bis shop windows, the oaths made to the 
 Prince of Spain when in Flanders would stand hira in small stead. 
 It is thought there can be no better mean to induce the Emperor to 
 hearken to peace, than thai Maximilian in being General, should so 
 by his doings win the hearts of his troops, as that they should ever 
 after be devoted to his standard. It had been said the Emperor 
 should go to Ghent about Mid-Lent, but now that the Queen goes 
 thither; some diflBculty in the gathering of these new benevolences 
 being anticipated. The Emperor is n.Dt likely to stir hence a good 
 while : he is said these three or four days to have been shrewdly 
 handled with his gout. The Nuncio has earnestly sought an audience, 
 and by reason of the Emperor's evil case been desired to treat with 
 D'AiTas : this he refuses, being required by the Bishop to confer with 
 the Emperor alone. The Bishop is much misliked in this Court, he 
 seeming rather to mock, than willing to make, a peace that would 
 spare the travel of two Legates now, since to breed these stirs in 
 Christendom, he did not stick to send three or four to each of the 
 princes. The King of England highly commended for sending two 
 such persons as he did : the Emperor's honorable entertainment of 
 Dudley showing that he found a better taste in the amity of England 
 than in times past he has made open show of So much is the 
 amity relished, that when it was reported the Emperor was going 
 to Bruges, Morysine was asked whether the King of England was 
 to meet him there, a rumour to the effect of such interview, with 
 great assembly of nobles on both sides, having arisen. The departure of 
 the Duke of Alva is judged most certain, and it is said Louis D'AvUa 
 and the Archald are also going : indeed, except John Manrique and 
 Don Hernando della Corda, no other Spaniards of name tarry here 
 Some suppose they will take England in their way, and the Duke 
 and D'Avila have commission in such case to practise great things 
 with his Majesty. As yet cannot learn the time of their departure 
 or their route ; but believes both will be kept as secret as possible, 
 because else they may be laid for. Speculates on the propriety of 
 his visiting the Duke, and the effect of the latters going to England 
 upon the French King. Will abide the Council's instructions. The 
 Palsgrave is said to be coining here, and those that are aware of his 
 errand suppose the Emperor determines the sending awaj' of the 
 Spaniards before his coming, that it may not be said the Palsgrave 
 was the occasion thereof, or that the Emperor does it to the intent 
 that the Germans should not press him in the other. By this send- 
 ing off of the Spaniards the Emperor will win marvellous love both 
 in the High and Low Countries. It is supposed that the Emperor 
 will give the charge of these wars to Marquis Albert, either because 
 of the gi-eat grudge which the latter bears to France, or because the 
 Germans will gladlier follow him ; and by this way he may be able 
 at all times to revenge the Emperor's quarrel and his own to Duke 
 Maurice. The Emperor reported to have said to some of the nobles 
 of this country, that his regard for it was such, that he could not 
 
252 FOEEIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 show to them what dangers he willingly entered into when he heard 
 the enemy wished to annoy tliem. And in connexion with tliis the 
 Queen had privately mentioned to some of them, that at Inspruck 
 the Emperor caused his beard to be dyed, and, attended only by 
 D'Andelot, Rosenberg, and Vaudrey, came as far as Constance with 
 the intention of proceeding hither unknown ; but hearing there that 
 all the Riiine was laid, and the way full of soldiers, he was driven 
 to go back again. Considers this but a made tale, and therefore 
 had not previously written it : now only does so because it is thus 
 handled, although he cannot think tiiat in such times of stir the 
 Emperor would so have exposed to risk his person, for the ransom 
 of which two Flanders had scarcely sufficed. In Piedmont the 
 French daily increase their troops. Pietro Strozzi is going thither 
 with 6,000 Gascons. Octavio still provides more soldiers, which 
 makes people suppose that if the French King be able to set upon 
 Milan, while the Prince of Salerno is busy at Naples, it mav be 
 Octavio will seek to revenge his father's death and attempt to 
 recover Piacenza. This he may hope to come to again rather by 
 favour of the inhabitants than by his own force, it being one of the 
 strongest cities in Italy. The Emperor has such ministers in Italy 
 as provide him enemies of his own subjects, and so many as they 
 need but occasion to turn tenants to any body rather than to remain 
 under such spoil as they now suffer. Rumours that the French 
 King intends to send Ambassadors for peace, supposed to be set 
 abroad by the French faction, with a view to embarrass the 
 payment of the grant by the people here. Orders are given here 
 for horse and foot to be ready in March. Horsemen are sent 
 for out of Frisia. Martin Van Rosse is looked for before that 
 time. Tlie King of Poland has made his stubborn clergy stoop at 
 last, and acknowledge themselves his subjects: nay, they have 
 written to Rome renouncing their obedience to the Bishop, and 
 showing that oaths made against God's doctrine and against their 
 duty to their sovereign lord, need none of his dispensation. The 
 Ambassador of Savoy has this day sent him word that a man has 
 come from the Constable of France to treat of peace : if so, people 
 suppose it done to deceive the Emperor rather than for any other 
 purpose. But as the person who sent him the information, many 
 times breeds things that be nothing so in deed, he cannot write with 
 any certainty as to this. Perhaps it is that, hearing of this man's 
 coming, the Bishop's Nuncio is now content to talk with D' Arras, 
 having small hope of speedy access to the Empeiw. Of this con- 
 ference has heard no pai'ticulare. Has just boon informed that the 
 Duke of Alva's household departs hence to-morrow. [Five pages. 
 Fart in cijthcr, (IcclphrretJ.] 
 
 [1.552-3.] 029. Lettfr in cipher, with decipher iu Latin attached, evidently 
 
 [Knd of Feb. or from I'eter Vaniins to the Council. MoUvS. do Raimond, Ambassador 
 
 ^^^ch-n"^ from the French King to the Turk, jurived hero from Constantinople 
 
 [Venice.] liy Cfircod journies on the 'J:til of FolmKiry, and left for France the 
 
 Kiiiiic evening with 10 horsos in groat haste, to inform his master, m 
 
 the Turk's name, that ho intended to attack the Emperor both by 
 
 hind and sea, ami reoomniended and rctiuestcd the French King to 
 
 send an army of 50,000 men into Italy to besiege the Emperor's 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 253 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 Marcli 4. 
 Brussels. 
 
 March 5. 
 [Indorsed 
 March 1.] 
 Brussels. 
 
 sfcrougliolds. Although M. de Raimond had scarcely recovered from 
 a wound, he deemed this of such moment that he hesitated not to 
 take the journey. Thinks it his duty immediately to communicate 
 these things to their Lordships. [Four pacjes. Torn at the cornerai] 
 
 630. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir William Cecil. Where they 
 who serve in one place find so many causes to join them together, 
 Chamberlain and he have both agreed to prowl for news where they 
 can, and after but to make one letter. Had thought not to do so 
 until they heard from Cecil, but it being Parliament time, and he 
 perhap3 too much occupied to remember such trifles, they now write 
 both in one letter. If their Lordships mislike it, they will be told of 
 it ; if not, they have rid them of one part of their labour, and them- 
 selves no piece of their travail. Should be glad to receive from home 
 either a spur or more reins, if the matter should be talked of again 
 to him. Howbeit, thinks if the Turk does come, the French King 
 can make no peace if he would. \One page.] 
 
 631. Sir Richard Morysine and Sir Thomas Chamberlain to the 
 Council. Since Dudley's departure there has been great hope of 
 peace, especially among such as desire no wars ; but as the Nuncio 
 has not yet had audience, men think it will not be yet. It was not 
 the Constable's man who came, but a gentleman of Lorraine called 
 iJassompierre, sent from Sign or Vaudemont, who is neither French 
 nor Imperial, but neutral and a lover of peace. Cannot learn what 
 offers he makes from the French King ; but those which are reported 
 are so large, that no one can think he has commission for the half of 
 them , as that Metz shall be given up to the Emperor, and Ivoix, 
 Mamadie [Montmedy], and Damvilliers to the empire, and all that has 
 been taken in Piedmont and Montferrat since the wars commenced shall 
 be restored. Farther, that if the Emperor will restore Piacenza to the 
 Bishop of Rome, overtures are made that Octavio shall for reasonable 
 recompence give up Parma to the Church. Sienna also shall be made 
 a commonwealth again, and free from French interference. So far 
 from these rumours impeding the supplies, as it was thought they 
 would, the Emperor is supposed to encourage them that his people 
 may think the French are afraid, and that he will stoutly refuse peace, 
 thereby pleasing his nobles who, being sore indebted, would rather 
 the wars should continue. On hearing of Vaudemont's arrival at 
 the Court the French King is reported to have said, " The jar 
 between the Emperor and me must not end so soon, and when it is 
 growing to an end there must no Vaudemont make our atonement." 
 The Nuncio is in such a chafe because he cannot speak to the 
 Emperor, that there are few here who can. get leave of him to eat 
 eggs this Lent. " If men were as wise as he i.s stubborn, they might 
 perhaps drive him to be the suitor, and to pray them to take his 
 licence, not only to eat eggs, but eggs' sons and daughters, if they 
 came in their way." He has told D'Arras his message generally, 
 but will only descend to particulars with the Emperor ; and it is 
 reported that Don Diego's secretary at Rome, where the Emperor 
 has no other secretary, has already made the Emperor familiar with 
 these, which makes him in less haste to talk with the Nuncio. The 
 
254 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1552-:3. 
 
 Nuncio is the more annoyed that on Wednesday night last a post 
 arrived late from the Duke of Florence to his Ambassador, who waa 
 admitted to the lOniixircir wliile in bed before eight o'clock next 
 morning. The Ambassador's man, Junta, from remarks made by his 
 master on the way from Turin to Sienna, thinks that the Duke, has 
 advertised the l5mperor of French troops going to Piedmont, who 
 1 erha]is may make to Siennsi. Tliei'e are said to be above 20,000, 
 iicsiilus cavalry, some sujtposing them to be commanded by M. de 
 (luise. The opportunity was never more fe,vourable. Describe 
 their probal)le course of marcli, and increase of force, and enter into 
 considerable details as to the future of their proceedings in Italy, 
 with relative effects. "The Viceroy of ISfaples is sick in Florence, 
 and in peril of his life. There be few men in all Italy so fat ; he is 
 besides very old and hath an extreme flux, a hot and extreme 
 fever, and brooketh nothing that he taketh." Don Garcia has taken 
 four places of small consequence belonging to Sienna. News that 
 the confederacy of the Bishops of Germany with Nuremberg is mis- 
 liked by the Princes of Germany, who mean to appoint to every 
 bishop a prince that may cope with him ; if so the bishops shall have 
 a. worse summer of this than they had of the last. The Emperor 
 will do what he can to appease the jars of Germany, because they 
 have not served his turn so well as Granvelle bare him in hand they 
 would. On Thursday last Chamberlain and Morysine took leave 
 of the Duke of Alva, offering him the usual courtesies if he meant to 
 take England in his way. The Duke expressed his thanks ; said he 
 could not as yet tell when or by what way he should go, but should 
 inform them ere he went. They do not think he will keep his 
 promise. There are news from Antwerp very evil, if true ; Maximi- 
 lian is said to be dangerously ill, and in peril of death, according to 
 his physicians. He himself mistrusts poison, saying, if it be so, he 
 knows the day and place where he took his bane. This is the fourth 
 tiine that, being sick, his physicians have thought him poisoned. 
 His loss would be great. The Queen commands horses to be provided 
 for the carriage of artillery. It is thought the Emperor will have 
 plenty of money. John Carlo and others of Antwerp, who have 
 bought the spices of the King of Portugal and are bound to pay him 
 money in Portugal, are said to have ofi'ered the amount, a million 
 and a half or thereabouts, to the Emperiu', provided he will see the 
 debt discharged in Portugal. 
 
 P.S. Have just been informed by a secretary of Duke John 
 Frederick, who has come to the C'ourt, that Duke Ernest, brother to 
 Duke Frederick, died eight days before last Shrovetide. [Five pMjes. 
 J'iirlli/ in djihrr, (Iccijiheivil.] 
 
 March!). ().S2. The Council to Sir William Pickering. On Sunday last the 
 Fn^ncli Ainba.ssador had promised to the l\>imoil that in the absence 
 ill the Livniit of William Winter, owner of the Heart of Bristow, 
 whence lie coidd not n^tiirn before Christmas, the oath of his brother 
 (Iciiiirr Winter, co-iiiuprietor of the said vessel, should betaken; 
 Mild the sliip, with nil her ajiparel, munition, iirdnance and artillery, 
 be (lelivcred Id him in as j^ood case ns they came to their hands. 
 limtnict hini to see that this promise of the Ambassador be faithfiilly 
 jicrrnriiied by the I'leiich Coiuiiiibsiouers. [Three pages. Draft] 
 
EDWAED VI. 255 
 
 1552-3. 
 March 11. 633. Sir Richard Morysine to the Council. Had received their 
 
 Brussels, letters of the 4th on the 8th inst. Has already seen D'Arras relative 
 to an audience vfith the Emperor, which for the time is deferred by 
 reason of the Emperor's indisposition and weighty affairs in hand. In 
 course of conversation with liim, mentioned the great talk of entreaty 
 of peace by some of Lorraine, naming Bassompierre and Vaudemont, 
 and last of all by a Dominican or Augustinian Friar, who in France 
 had been confessor to the French King, now here. D'Arras said, all 
 was fable, there was no such friar in rerum natura; men might 
 devise for peace what they listed, but the Emperor provided for wars 
 on all sides. Details of their farther interview, interrupted by the 
 Queen sending for D'Arras. If D'Arras were to be trusted, would 
 say thei'e could be no peace ; but because he seldom speaks truth, 
 therefore when he says that that is most true, till men know it to be 
 so they trust him never a whit. The Viceroy is now dead, and Don 
 Diego told him he thinks the Duke of Alva shall be Viceroy of 
 Naples, adding that if his friends may help to it he shall not fail to 
 have the office bestowed upon him. " I know, saith he, they will 
 never love him there ; and he being mine enemy, and I his, would 
 be glad he were where he might be beloved of few, and bear also 
 the hatred due to his uncle that is now dead." Two days since 
 Francisco D'Este visited him for about an hour. Had inquired if 
 Morysine had ever heard of a motion that should be made for the 
 mamage of his nephew the Prince of Ferrara, now in France, with 
 the Lady Elizabeth 1 Morysine replied that he never had. D'Este 
 then asking of her Grace, Morysine said, if God had made her a poor 
 man's daughter, he did not know that prince that might not think 
 himself happy to be the husband of such a lady. Weens that D'Este 
 thinks so too at this present. The Nuncio has not seen the Emperor, 
 so may not have access so soon as he would. There are some who 
 could be content that these princes kept on- their harness both this 
 summer and winter too ; howbeit, if he shall see any likelihood of 
 atonement he will not fail as occasions serve so to travail, as these 
 here either do his Majesty a great deal of wrong or give him the 
 honour of this atonement. The Emperor has lately written to the 
 Duke of Florence to be General of this enterprise of Sienna ; opinions 
 differ as to his accepting the charge. Some think he will not enter 
 into enmity with a Prince like to tarry by him, for the friendship of 
 him that must of necessity shortly give him over. Much sitting in 
 Council here ; D'Arras being with the Queen or the Emperor from 
 one tiU six or seven o'clock. Thanks his Majesty and them that he 
 has now licence granted to him shortly to come out of this land of 
 travail into that land of promise. [Three pages ; partly in cipher, 
 deciphered.] 
 
 March 17. 634. Thomas Gresham to same. In his letter of the 9th inst. 
 Antwerp, i^ad informed their Lordships of the intended crying down of 
 the monies. The proclamation for this is not yet issued, but daily 
 looked for. Wherefore until such be past he will neither receive nor 
 take up any money by exchange ; for the fall of the money will be a 
 greater loss to the King's Majesty than their profit of the exchange 
 will be. The exchange here is now at nineteen shillings and nine- 
 pence, which will have a sudden fall upon the depreciation of the 
 
256 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 money. Has now in bis liands 3,73K. Is. 7d. in dollara, angels, 
 sovereigns, pliilippines. and Spanisli rials. Will send or bring his 
 general account. Thanks them for his bargain of the fustians. 
 [One 2'>age.'] 
 
 March 18. G35. Peter Vannes to the Council. Strongly recommends to their 
 Viuicf. Lordships Mr. Francis Peto, an English gentleman at present in 
 Venice, who has travelled extensively, and now returns home His 
 father long since purchased from Henry Porter of Coventry a leaae 
 of the parsonage of Hanbury in Warwickshire for 112i., bequeathing 
 it to his son, subject to the mother's life rent, as chief part of hia 
 inheritance. His mother has enjoyed it until lately when the lease 
 has been disproved as being within the danger of the Statute, and 
 granted to Henry Manning, one of the King's harbingers. His 
 object is not to seek a revocation of this gi'ant, but that their Lord- 
 ships may provide him with some appointment, although it may not 
 be equal in value to his loss, that his great hindi'ance may be some- 
 what eased. [One page.] 
 
 March 18. 63C. Sir Richard Morysine to same. Having waited so many 
 Brussels, days in hope to have access, and finding that the Emperor still 
 keeps his bed, so that the Nuncio is driven to take his answer at the 
 Queen's hand, he had thought it good to give D'Axi-aa the most of 
 his message, which otherwise he should not have done, had it not 
 been already rumoured at the Court that certain persons were 
 coming hither out of England, and others also going to Franoe, and 
 he was loth to be the last to tell him what he had to do with the 
 Emperor. It had likewise been said that one of those who were to 
 come hither should remain as Leger for his Majesty, and Morysine 
 return with the rest to England. The like also was said in regard 
 to France and Pickering. States his conversation with D'Arras, who 
 said that the Emperor wished him to talk with his sister as fiilly as 
 if to himself On the day previous to this interview, Don Diego 
 offered a visit, and came and spent some time with him ; on that 
 occasion Diego told him that the Emperor had had a very hot fever 
 and been shrewdly handled, but was now better ; that there was 
 good hope he would wax strong, for now he had left eating of cow- 
 niilk and fell to eating of strong broths. " I heard it from good 
 place, that upon Saturday was seven days he did take his rites : 
 liowbeit, he that did tell it said he did so because he useth to be 
 houselled twice in the Lent. Others deny it plainly, and say it was 
 for that he had before that fallen into a swoon, and was for a season 
 like a dead man. Without all doubt he is very sick, in great weak- 
 iicHs, and not without great danger. He that did let so many see 
 him when Mr. Dudley and I saw him at Luxemburg, would not now 
 hide him from the Nuncio, nor from nio, if he were not in marvellous 
 evil." Hears tlui Emperor is wmtent that the Bishop shall send his 
 two L(!gntcH. Alva lins lii.s desjiatch, and goes now through Italy. 
 " Tliey say still in the morning, ho o:iH'th after dinner; and after 
 dinner, that lio purti'th the next morrow." Some suppose he wants to 
 SCO wiiether theio is any larther amendment, or some utter despair of 
 recovery, lit! could not be in greater favour with the Emperor, if 
 ho had been the cause of getting Metz and Paris too. In evidence of 
 
EDWARD VI. 257 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 this, he has procured the temporary government of Naples for Sig. 
 Louis di Toledo, second son of the late Viceroy there ; and has also 
 obtained that the Emperor has entreated his cousin the Duke of 
 Florence to be General, only that liis uncle's son, Don Garcia, may 
 continue locum tenens before Sienna. Supposed that he goes to Spain, 
 either to fetch the Prince into Italy to be in Naples himself for a 
 season, or else to be sent himself again Viceroy thereof, as made by 
 the Prince. John Manrique goes to Rome to occupy the place of Don 
 Diego, who is secretly talked of as going to England to remain his 
 Majesty's Ambassador there. Diego had told him he had a great 
 desire to go there to kiss the King's hand, which he said he did the 
 first of all others, the late King's Majesty having done him that 
 honour. He stays in D'Arras's house, and does what may help for- 
 ward his master's service. Was informed by him that the Turk does 
 not arm his gallies this year against the Christians ; but means 
 to keep 50 gallies in the Archipelago for the looking to his own 
 towns thereabouts. Mentions Diego's opinions as to a peace. 
 Signor Giordano Orsino coming from Sienna with 500 foot, the most 
 of whom he left in ambush by the way, had been overcome and taken 
 prisoner by the Spaniards, and the most of his company taken or 
 slain. The Duke of Florence has sent for the Marquis Marignan, 
 who has gone to him. Octavio would neither speak with him, as he 
 went, nor suffer him to pass through his country. Martin Manna, 
 chief gentleman of the King of the Romans' chamber, has come here, 
 bringing reply to an autograph letter of the Emperor, touching the 
 increased honour of his brother's family. One of his devices still is 
 that in any wise the Prince of Spain shall marry one of Ferdinand's 
 daughters. The Palsgrave labours much to quiet his neighbours of 
 Germany, and has now with him at his castle of Heidelberg, the 
 Duke of Cleves, the Duke of Bayaria, the Duke of Wirtemberg, 
 Marquis Albert, and the Bishops of Wurtzburg and Bamberg. As 
 much is done as may be to agree the Marquis and these bishops. Martin 
 Van Rosse [Rossem] is made Governor of Luxemburg, some think to 
 give him some reputation, because the nobles of this country were 
 scarce content to see his authority so great in the field, who at home, 
 in time of peace, was not very great. This morning at nine o'clock 
 was sent for by the Queen, to whom he delivered his message. " She 
 knit up the matter," in the same words as the Emperor had done, 
 signifying his desire for peace, and that overtures should proceed 
 from whence the injuries came first. Told him that the Emperor 
 was well rid of his gout and fever too, but for that he was a little 
 weak, Morysine must take it in good part that he had a will to talk 
 with him, and could not have leave of his physicians to occupy his 
 head with the hearing of any matters ; and, but that it was meant 
 he should have access to his Majesty, she should have made known 
 the Emperor's pleasure to him a good while since. [Four pages, 
 partly in cipher, deciphered.] 
 March 20. 637. Letter, without signature, and almost entirely in cipher, 
 ■*°«'- undecipherable, apparently to the French Ambassador in England. 
 Alludes to the reply given by the French King to the English resi- 
 dent at Paris in reference to King Edward's offer of mediation. His 
 Majesty and the French King have simultaneously been informed of 
 
 R 
 
258 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 March 22. 
 Poissy. 
 
 Mar(;li 21'. 
 Brussels, 
 
 the Emperor's sentiments regarding a peace, by the Duke of North- 
 umberland's brother, who has recently returned from the Imperial 
 Court. M. de Noailles has been obliged to remain for some days at 
 Paris to rest his horses and put his equipage in order ; he shall be 
 dispatched forthwith. [Four parjea. Copy.] 
 
 638. Sir WilUam Pickering to the Council. As soon as he received 
 their letter of the 4th inst. on the 10th by his servant Eugene, he 
 started for the Court, then at Anet, a wonderful Mr and sumptuous 
 house belonging to Madame Valentinois, 13 leagues from Poissy, 
 the place appointed for the Ambassadors' abode till the King's 
 return to St. Germain. Details his conference with the Constable 
 and the King regarding the peace, when the latter declared that the 
 Pope had made a similar offer of mediation, but if there should be 
 peace between him and the Emperor, no one but the King of 
 England should have the managing thereof. And, since he must 
 speak first, he should demand from the Emperor the duchy of Milan, 
 the kingdoms of Naples and Navarre, with sundry places in Flanders 
 and other rights belonging to him. Had informed the King of Ms 
 approaching recall. After his audience with the King " Madame 
 Valentinois commanded that collation (as they term it) should be 
 prepared for me in a gallery, and that afterwards I should see all the 
 commodities of the house, which were so sumptuous and prince-like 
 as ever I saw." Has heard on very good authority that the 
 Constable has been urgent with the Nuncio that the Pope should 
 interfere ; wherefore, for all their courteous terms and promises he 
 does not thoroughly trust their performance if occasion should happen. 
 Remembers to have heard that oil is good without the body, and naught 
 within ; so he supposes amongst princes trust would be used. Not 
 that he would persuade the King's Majesty to any unvirtuous point, 
 but in his opinion it is vice to use virtue out of place. Had sent 
 along the coast of Brittany and Normandy to appi-ehend the pirates, 
 but ascertained that they had lately left Brest and are now at sea 
 in the service of the French King. Whereupon, having seen the 
 Constable on the subject, the Constable said that, being on the sea, 
 it was not in his power to deliver them, but if they should return 
 into any of the King's ports they should be apprehended. "This 
 was his promise, though unto the performance thereof I add no great 
 faith." The Jacobin friar who railed on the King is admitted a 
 preacher in the same place again ; has remonstrated hereon with 
 the Constable, but has been put off by an alleged deficiency of 
 evidence against "a sober man, and one of the most virtuous 
 preachers in France." Cannot apprise them as yet of the matters of 
 (^alai.s any farther, though he has sought the same by all the means 
 he can. The Vicordy of Naples is dofld, and Don Ciu:io said to be 
 Ilia 8U(!(^(>,ssor. Prince I )oria's death is vaguely reported. The Em- 
 ])i;ror'8 first uiit{'.r[)riHe it is supposed will beiilovit Guise ; wherefore 
 the Vidame, wlio .since lii.s return from Italy has been rewarded 
 with the Order, is Heiit, thither to take the command. Thanks them 
 lor his n^vocation. [Siurnteen 2)ages.] 
 
 G39. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir William Cecil. Has left out 
 one of tlioir news, upon good re.spect that it might come to him, ana 
 
EDWARD VI. 259 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 be altered as he sees cause. News have come to this Court that 
 Hans Frederick's eldest son comes shortly hither. Would be glad 
 that he came ere Morysine went hence, for that he thinks their ways 
 will last till he is at the White Friars. Money will be made some 
 way or other, for Morysine must set him free at his journey's end. 
 More he knows not, when he does, Cecil shall know it also. Wishes 
 him to weigh the case, and instruct him what he shall do, if they 
 at one time happen to cross sail together. Can say no more, but 
 sacra res est honum consilium. Must be trusted with those ad- 
 vices that he may best follow, and it shall be seen that he can do 
 what he sees well required at his hand. [One page.] 
 
 1553. 
 Mai-ch 28. 640. Peter Vannes to the Council. The small castle of Montichi- 
 Venice. ello, 20 miles from Sienna, had been gallantly defended by Signor 
 Adriano Baglione, and 400 French soldiers, who frequently 
 repulsed the besiegers with considerable loss ; but they were at 
 length constrained to surrender at discretion to the Imperialists, who 
 detained Signor Baglione and three more prisoners, and despoiled 
 and dismissed the rest of the soldiers, with an oath that thenceforth 
 they should not serve the French. 200 Imperialists had been slain, 
 and many more wounded ; and the obstinate defence of this small 
 place had greatly retarded their operations, and given time to the 
 French to fortify other towns. Montalcino is kept by 1,200 foot 
 and four French captains. Don Garcia has sent ten ensigns of 
 Spaniards to Sienna, intending to follow with the rest of the army : 
 on their march they encountered a band of French horse, and spoiled 
 and captured several of them. It is thought that eventually the 
 Imperialists will prevail against Sienna, unless the French King 
 sends a puissant army into Italy ; the defence of that place and the 
 enterprise of Naples will slenderly go forward, and the natural 
 difficulties of the frontiers of Piedmont, besides the other obstacles, 
 will greatly impede them. 4,000 foot have arrived in Piedmont 
 from France, and 12,000 Swiss are reported to be ready at the 
 French King's command. The French in Piedmont lately attempted 
 an enterprise on Ivrea, but the inhabitants being well aware of their 
 coming, they had to return re infecta. There is a truce between the 
 King of the Komans and the Turk concerning the matters of Tran- 
 sylvania in Hungary, part of which country remains in possession 
 of the said King, and the other part in the Turk's hands. This truce 
 will in divers ways be beneficial to Christendom. There is a rumour 
 that Mons. de Thermes and the Cardinal of Ferrara have commissions 
 for the practising of some agreement, provided the liberties of 
 the Siennese can be assured ; but this is not likely to be effected. 
 The Venetians make no farther provision against the Turk's army. 
 [Two pages and a half. Inclosure in cipher, deciphered.] 
 
 640. I. At a recent solemn festival happened to sit next to the 
 Bishop of Rome's Legate, who viiquired how affairs were 
 in England. Told him that never before was the realm 
 in so safe and quiet a state. The Legate then asked if the 
 insu/rrections in Ireland were suppressed, for at Rome it 
 was reported,— the news coming from France,— that the 
 
260 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 March 28. 
 AVeiinar. 
 
 March 28. 
 
 Weimar. 
 
 April 2. 
 
 April 2. 
 
 Westminster. 
 
 April 2. 
 Westminster. 
 
 April 2. 
 
 April 4. 
 Uuildliall. 
 
 Ajiril f). 
 i'uris, 
 
 Scoitifih Queen was practising with some of tJie Irish 
 nahlcs for the disturbance and conquest of that country. 
 Iiepli('<l, With a smile, that Ireland was in every 'part 
 faithful mill obedient, and that such reports only jyrnceeded 
 from fugitive vagabonds, who, if they did not receive 
 thanks, at leuxt got good by them. Considers it proper to 
 communicate this convers'ition to tlieir Lordships. [Two 
 2Mge8.] 
 
 6-iL John Frederick, Duke of Saxony, to King Edward VI. In 
 support of the petition of Bernhard k Mila, Chief Officer of his Court, 
 that the pension of 300 crown.s, bestowed upon him by King Henry 
 VIII., now two years in arreav, and which at next Easter will 
 amount to 750 crowns, may be paid : its suspension, as it would 
 seem, having arisen from a mistaken report of the death of Mila. 
 [Latin. Two jMges.] 
 
 642. Bernard k Mila, ' Eques Auratus," and Chief Officer of the 
 Court of the Duke of Saxony, to same, requesting payment of 
 liis pension of 300 crowns, granted by King Henry VIII., and 
 confirmed by his Majesty. [Latin. Two pages.] 
 
 Gi3. Instructions from King Edward VI. to Dr. Wotton, Dean 
 of Canterbury, Sir William Pickering and Sir Thomas Chaloner, 
 appointed to negociate with the French King for the purpose of 
 inducing him to consent to a peace with the Emperor, througli 
 the mediation of his Majesty. [Thirteen pages, Iwlorsed by CeiM.] 
 
 CU'. King Edward VI. to Henry II., King of France. Creden- 
 tials of Dr. Wotton and Sir Thomas Chaloner, appointed CommLs- 
 sioners for tlie purposes mentioned in tlie preceding instructiona 
 
 [Onepiigi'. Cojtij.'j 
 
 Gi5, Same to same. Credentials of Sir Thomas Chaloner, Knight, 
 appointed Ambassador resident in France, in the room of Sir 
 William Pickering, recalled. [One page. Copy.] 
 
 (yiG. Instructions to the Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby, 
 and Sir Richard Morysine, sent by King Edward VI. to the 
 Emperor Charles V., for the purpose of endeavouring to mediate a 
 peace between the Emperor and the French King. [Fourteen 
 pages. Draft] 
 
 6 17. Bond of the City of Loudon for the repayment of 69,084 
 florins, borrowed from Andrew SixsaJles and Thomas Flechamore 
 in Antwerp. \Siir pagi's. Draft.] 
 
 1.8. Sir William Pickering to the Council. Has this day by Mor- 
 '^i\u ri^c.v'wvA tlieir letter of tlio 1st inst., notifying the appointment 
 "of Ih. Wotton and Sir Thomas Chaloner. On Sunday last Pietro 
 Strozzi was dispatcliwl to offer to the Duke of Ferrara, if he will 
 wholly devote liim.self to tlio King's cause, the following terms, viz., 
 to be Ijieutcnimt-Ceneral in Italy, with iin annual salary of 20,000 
 Clowns; (iO.OOO more to be immediately paid for the fortifying of 
 liis (loiiiinions ; and 2,000 men, paid both during peace and war, and 
 100 iiieii-at-ai'ms, Farther, if fortune favours his proceedings m 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 261 
 
 1552-3. 
 
 April 9. 
 
 Kome. 
 
 Italy, he shall convert 30,000 crowns per ann., of his conquest in 
 these parts, to his particular profit. The general impression is that 
 these terms will be accepted. The bearer hereof is M. de Noailles, 
 appointed to replace M. Boisdaulphin in England. He is a Maitra 
 d'Hotel of the King's house, well esteemed in this Court, and one 
 who is thought will be well liked in England. [Two pages.l 
 
 649. Intelligence from Rome. At Montalcino the communication 
 between the Imperialists and a corporal of Signer Giovanni Viteili, 
 for betraying the fortress, had been dfetected. A sentinel perceiving 
 a drummer of the corporal's company depositing a letter in the bark 
 of a tree, gave information, and the drummer was seized. The cor- 
 poral seeing this leaped from the walls with some of his accomplices, 
 and took refuge in the enemy's camp. M. de Lansac has arrived as 
 Ambassador from France in room of Mens, de Mirepoix. Yesterday 
 in the Consistory, the archbishopric of Tours was conferi'ed on 
 Cardinal Farnese. Signer Ascanio is better, and recovering from 
 his wound. The Duke of Alva left Genoa on the night of the 
 18th ult., with 13 gallies for Spain, but by bad weather had been 
 unable to get beyond Villa Franca. The various military appoint- 
 ments made by the Emperor. The Pope had been much enraged by 
 the discovery that about 40 men near Vericuli had been recognized 
 dressed as labourers, with mattocks, in a vineyard, lying in wait for 
 Pietro Strozzi, to murder him by order of the Duke of Florence. A 
 mine in course of formation at Montalcino had fallen in and killed 
 many of the workers. [Italian. Two pages. Not referred to by 
 Vannes, but applicable to his letters of 1 5th April and May 12th.] 
 
 April 10? 650. Letter revoking Sir Richard Morysine, Ambassador 
 
 dent at the Court of the Emperor Charles V. [One page. Draft.l 
 
 resi- 
 
 April 11. 
 Brussels. 
 
 651. Sir Richard Morysine to the Council. Has received the 
 Emperor's letters by Secretary Vargas, and that of the Queen by 
 Don Louis di Toledo, both for the delivery of such horses as are 
 given by the Emperor to his Majesty, and for the passing of these 
 and others that Mr. Parker may purchase in Naples. Although no 
 letters but those of the Emperor were necessary, they may consider 
 it great kindness on the part of the Queen that she writes also. 
 D'Arras has likewise written ; and ail these letters he has de- 
 livered to Parker, who waits the arrival of his servant, by whom he 
 expects their Lordships' farther instruction^. Knows that it would 
 greatly please the Queen were his Majesty to send her a few fair 
 geldings, as both Dudley and he heard where she sought to pur- 
 chase geldings, and would not pay too dear for them. Suggests that 
 the King should send two or three to D'Arras, as he is a man that 
 much delights in them, and one that easily may deser^-e a greater 
 gift. He is much in the Queen's favour, and although she nominally 
 manages everything, yet there is very little which she does, but 
 D'Arras is at the beginning, midst, or ending of it. On receiving 
 their letters by Weston on the 1st inst., he went to D'Arras, and 
 apprised him of the intended coming of the Bishop of Norwich and 
 Sir Philip Hoby ; and having in the course of conversation expressed 
 his gladness that the Emperor was waxed so lusty, that he would in 
 
262 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1553. 
 
 two or three days change his lodging, D'Arraa said that he thanked 
 God the Emperor was very well amended, much stronger than men 
 thought he could have been in so short a time, but of his change of 
 lodging he had heard nothing. For all that, Moryaine knows that 
 Mons. Saconye, who lay in the house that was his own by the 
 Queen's licence, had warning last Friday at 6 p.m. to be out of the 
 house by eight o'clock next morning ; that he did remove accord- 
 ingly, and that the windows were taken down to let in new air, the 
 house perfumed, &c. Last night the Emperor's " poticary did sup 
 with me ; of whom I learned that these two days his Majesty hath 
 bayned himself, and will continue his bayning for the space of nine 
 or ten days. He saith, his head and hands be out of the bayn, and 
 while he bayneth, he drinketh a sixteen ounces of guiacum. His 
 Majesty tarrieth in his bayn a good hour and a half The poticaiy 
 saith, his stomach waxeth very greedy, and the most fear that his 
 phj-sician hath, is that he will make some disorder by eating more 
 than he should." The Secretary of the Duke of Florence says to 
 divers, that his master will not be General against Sienna. Had 
 told the Secretary that if the Duke did not intend to be General, he 
 would not have written to the Emperor as he did two days ago, 
 but would have left the communication of such evil news to his 
 Ambassador. The Secretary says he knows as much as the Ambas- 
 sador, and yet he knows not whether the Duke will be General or 
 not. It is true that there is a mutual recall of Ambassadors between 
 the Duke and the Siennese. The Duke is content that his subjects 
 supply the Imperialists with provisions, because he says it is a gain 
 to his people, who sell for a groat what is not worth twopence. He 
 sends them artillery, powder, and ammunition. The Emperor is 
 indifferent to the French King's offer in regard to Sienna. De 
 Bossu, De Rie, Count Egmont, Hoogstraet, De Lalaing and Baxle- 
 mont, are reported each to have a thousand horses in their charge. 
 Reported that the Emperor has declared the Prince of Piedmont 
 General of the.se wars against France. This is thought the likier, 
 because when two days ago the Prince and General had devised with 
 their bands to skirmish by torchlight on horseback, having for that pur- 
 pose prepared great store of light and hollow balls of clay, the Queen 
 would not suffer the Prince to be at so light a pastime, saying that 
 the time is now to skirmish with enemies, and not against ftiends. 
 The Emperor's preparations are well liked. Rumoured that Duke 
 Maurice is about to make legam Scuwnicam, in which the King of the 
 Romans is ready to help him ; so John Frederick and others go about 
 to renew legam Sucvicam. If, as is reported, there are to be any 
 Diets, now is the time for the King to piactise to be joined with such 
 as may be strong and mean to use their strength for the conservation 
 of peace and true religion. The Emperor said to have sought to 
 know Duke Maurice's articlo.s, and to grant no diet in Saxony till 
 he knows what matters are to be jtropounded there. [Three pages, 
 '/xi.rlly in ciiilier, deciphcird.] 
 
 April n. G62. Sir Richard Morysine to Sir William Cecil. Hopes the coming 
 
 BruBioii. of this lusty wooer is dashed for a season, as he heai-s no more of the 
 
 matter. There is a muttering in this Court that the King, their 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 263 
 
 155a 
 
 April 12. 
 
 Antwerp. 
 
 April 15. 
 Venice. 
 
 master, is very sick, that liis stomach is swollen of an aposthume, 
 and that he must be cut ere he can be cured. This causes him more 
 sorrow than he can well bear. Pain is not easy, when it is without 
 peril in a friend of mean sort j but what a torment must it be when 
 it relates to a King so great, and attended with so great peril to a 
 master so loved and so worthy to be beloved ? [One page. Chiefly 
 English in Oreek characters^ 
 
 653. Thomas Greshani to the Council. By his letter of the 7th 
 inst., had apprised their Lordships of the sudden fall of the exchange 
 from twenty shillings and four pence to nineteen shillings. Perceiving 
 now the fault to be as much in the English as in strangers, and 
 rather like to fall than to rise, he had taken up by exchange of divers 
 men the sum of 1,837^. 8s. sterling, making in Flemish money 
 1,756Z. 2s. Zd. as per account inclosed. Details, with great minute- 
 ness and at considerable length, his financial operations. Advises 
 them, should the merchants require any money to be disbursed 
 before hand, they should in no wise consent thereto, for the plenty 
 of money among merchants causes the exchange to fall in London, 
 and here the plenty of money causes the exchange to rise. His 
 friend Lazarus Tucker had offered to lend the King 200,000 guilders 
 at 12 per cent., which is a great comfort to him to see, as the 
 Emperor pays 16 per cent, and binds his estates of his country for 
 the payment thereof. The payments begun on the 15th inst., and 
 then he trusts shortly to discharge the King's objections, and bring 
 home his Majesty's bonds, along with his own general account, 
 according to their Lordships' expectations. \Three pages. Printed 
 by Mr. Burgon, in his Life of Sir Thomas Gresham, Vol. i., 
 p. 464.] Inclosing, 
 
 653. 1. "Money taken up by exchange," giving names of the 
 
 merchants, and the several accounts. [One page.] 
 
 654. Peter Vannes to the Council. On the 28th ult., the Imperial- 
 ists opened a great battery against Montalcino which did very little 
 hurt, the castle being strong ; wherefore they devised another battery 
 on a higher ground ; and to follow their purpose Don Garcia had 
 sent into Florence to levy 2,000 foot and revoke the Almains, 
 Spaniards, and horse before sent against the holds on the sea coast, 
 and so with all his army united attempt the siege, wherein it is 
 thought they shall find much difficulty. Signer Cornelio Benti- 
 voglio, the French General on the sea coast, having by espials 
 been informed that about 400 Almains were going to meet a quan- 
 tity of provisions, for the escort of the same in safety, laid an ambush 
 of 300 foot and 100 light horse, and completely cut them up. Of 
 those taken prisoners about 140 died on the way, and the survivors, - 
 among whom was Signor Giovanni Battista Lodrone, colonel of the 
 Almains, were brought to Grosseto, and made to labour on the 
 fortifications. The Bishop of Kome has sent Cardinal Dandino to 
 the Emperor and Cardinal Capo di Ferro to the French King to 
 labour for peace. It is thought their journey shall be but of small 
 effect. The Duke of Alva lately passed by Milan to Genoa, for the 
 
264 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1653. ] ] 
 
 puipose of bringing from Spain the Prince thereof to Italy, and him- 
 self to go to the governance of the realm of Naples. Letters from 
 France of the 29th ult., mention that the King has 10,000 Gascons 
 mid Proven9als, and a great number of Swiss ready for defence of 
 Sienna, and attack of Naples, and is minded to send into Italy 
 all the banished men of Naples and Florence to serve this purpose. 
 Within the last It days eight or ten couriers have arrived here 
 out of France, charged with great sums of ready money. From 
 Constantinople on the 10th ult., it is written to the Seigniory that 
 the Turk has prepared a great army against the Persians. The 60 
 gallies which he had promised to the French were fully armed and 
 ready to sail when the French shall appoint. Besides these, it 
 is said they shall have 20 gallies from Algiers, and 30 more 
 of their own, paitly in the Levant and partly at Marseilles, in 
 whole amounting to 110 gallies. The truce between the Turk and 
 the King of the Romans is supposed to be agreed. Pietro Strozzi 
 with some other captains is lately arrived at Ferrara, supposed on 
 the French service. Incloses copy of the same ciphers transmitted 
 in his former letter. [Four pages. Ciphers two pages.] Irir 
 closure, 
 
 654. I. Notes of intelligence from Constantinople of 9 March. 
 Preparation of the Turk's fleet and his army against 
 the Sophy. The deposed Vaivode, MiUz, is supported by 
 the Turk against Radovey the new Vaivode, against 
 ivhoni the Beglier Bey of Greece will march with 3,000 
 Janizaries. ^Italian. One page and a half] 
 
 April 16. 655. Thomas Gresham to the Duke of Northumberland. By his letter 
 Antwerp, of the 12th inst. his Grace had been advertised of his proceedings. 
 The merchants bring in their money very handsomely : he has 
 already received 1 2,000^., and expects the rest very shortly. The 
 exchange here still continues at nineteen shillings and eight pence, 
 and is more likely to rise than to fall. As it rises the commodities 
 in England fall, and vice versa ; and if it rises, it will be the right 
 occasion that all the precious metals shall remain in England, and 
 the mean that all other rulers should bring in gold and silver, as 
 heretofore they have done. The consideration of this fluctuation is 
 one of the chiefust points in the commonwealth that his Grace and 
 the Council should attend to. Attributes the principal cause of the 
 decline in exchange to the inexperience of many members of the Com- 
 pany of Merchant Adventurers, and suggests that in future none should 
 be made free of the company, but those who had served a regular ap- 
 prenticeship of eight years. He himself had served that time, whidx he 
 needed not to have done, being free by his father's copy ; but his 
 father, Sir Richard, being a Avise man, knew that such freedom was 
 of no use without the experience to be gained as an apprentice. Com- 
 plains of the injury done to the mereliant-adventurer by the retailer, 
 wiio might to occu])y his retail only. Jlons. IVea.surer Lod gin came 
 to this town on tlie 12tli, and ou the present day fell sick of a hot- 
 bnruiiig iigu(\ and at tlii.s day has lost his remembrance and speech, 
 MO that the Lord have mercy upon him, for the physicians say plamly 
 he shall never CHcapu it. Will insure iiis Grace, the King's Mi\jesty 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 265 
 
 1653. 
 
 April 16. 
 
 Antwerp. 
 
 April 18. 
 
 Brussels. 
 
 and his realm, have lost a secret and assured friend. The Emperor 
 received here on the 14th 100,000 ducats of gold, which will not last 
 him a month, who lacketh money and also credit. [Four pages. 
 Printed, disconnectedly, by Mr. Burgon, in, his Life of Sir Thomas 
 Oresham, Vol. i.] 
 
 656. Thomas Gresham to the Council. The same intelligence as 
 in the preceding Jetter. Has been apprised by his factor Jolin 
 Elliot, that they have paid to him the other 1,0001. Requests them 
 to remember the 416J. 13s. 4cZ. due to the King by John Bournell, 
 which is part and parcel of his charge. [One page.'] 
 
 657. Sir Richard Morj-sine and Sir Thomas Chamberlain to 
 
 same. It is reported that the Duke of Brunswick is captain of the 
 
 soldiers of the Bishops of Wurtzburg and Hamburg, and that he has 
 
 thrice defeated Marquis Albert. Two days ago the Emperor wrote 
 
 to the Count Palatine and other princes at Heidelberg, and meet 
 
 other princes at Frankfort, for the purpose of seeing whether this 
 
 matter between Albert and the bishops can be taken up or not. It 
 
 is thought that John Frederick and Maurice will be at one, till 
 
 time serve them better to fall out. The Emperor's troops are at 
 
 Terouanne. De Glasson, who was sent to survey it, reports that 
 
 though the walls are severely battered, yet the ramparts are so strong 
 
 and the inmates have been newly supplied with provisions, though 
 
 not fully, the Imperialists will have to spend some time ere they 
 
 come by that they seek. M. de Kieux, the General there, has the 
 
 seven ensigns that were in Artois, the ten ensigns of Germans that 
 
 were under Henry Vanolf, the ten that were under the Duke of Ar- 
 
 schot, and the seven that were under M. de Turlon. The Spaniards 
 
 hitherto at Cambray have joined him : these, including the Italians 
 
 among them, are reckoned at about 4,000. He has also with him 
 
 the battery which he used at Hesdin, augmented by several other 
 
 pieces. The cavalry have not yet arrived, but are ordered thither 
 
 as soon as possible. The Cardinal of Burgos has made a great stir 
 
 at Rome by a letter which he wrote against the Bishop, who meant 
 
 to deprive him of his hat and imprison him ; but by great suit of 
 
 Cardinal Trani he has been kept out of prison, although the Bishop 
 
 withstood Francis' entreaties twice. The Cardinal has shown great 
 
 ingratitude, the Bishop having given to him above 12,000 crowns, 
 
 besides many other kindnesses (torn). He has been banished from 
 
 Rome, and ordered to reside in his diocese in Spain, whence he is 
 
 not to part without licence from the Bishop. But while making 
 
 preparations to leave, a circumstance has occurred which is likely to 
 
 procure him the Bishop's forgiveness and save him from exile. A 
 
 captain of the Swiss Guard had promised to put Burgos in possession 
 
 of Castle St. Angelo, and leave with him the Bishop as prisoner. 
 
 The Fleming thought to corrupt the guard, and when the Bishop 
 
 should go into the castle, as he does very often, have time to work 
 
 the feat. All this matter Burgos has uttered, and the Fleming is in 
 
 prison, like to be quartered in a few days. The Bishop therefore 
 
 it is thought will forgive Burgos, seeing he might have made revenge, 
 
 and would not. A courier from France to Rome had his budget 
 
 of letters taken from him on his reaching Lyons at night. This 
 
266 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1553. 
 
 April 19. 
 Antwerp. 
 
 April 20. 
 Brussels. 
 
 April 22. 
 
 Rome. 
 
 supposed to be done by order of the French King for political pur- 
 poses. The opinions in regard to peace expressed to the Nuncio by 
 Alva and D'Arras {torn). Cardinal Famese is at Lyons, pretending 
 to go to Avignon ; it is supposed not without some practice, as the 
 Bishop of Rome is considered not to be content that Sienna should 
 be under the Emperor any more. Describes the detection of a trick 
 of the Imperialists by De Thermes, whose despatches they had 
 interrupted and falsified. Eight hundred Spanish have sailed from 
 Sicily to land on the sea coasts and annoy Port Ercole and other holds 
 i)f Sienna. Many of Don Garcia'a troops have left for lack of pay- 
 ment, and the French as unwilling to tarry for the same cause. 
 [Three pages.'] 
 
 6-58. Thomas Gresham to the Council. Has received from the mer- 
 chants a farther sum of 400?., and expects the rest very shortly, the 
 payments of the marts being now begun. The exchange has feUen 
 from nineteen shillings and ninepence to nineteen shollings. Re- 
 minds them of the late debt of John BoumelL Treasurer Longin 
 is dead. [One jj«^e.] 
 
 659. The Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby, and Sir Richard 
 Morysine to same. The Bishop and Hoby arrived yesterday. 
 Their arrival intimated to D'Arras by Morysine this morning. In 
 the afternoon they were waited upon by M. de Barlemont, chef des 
 finances, and M. Gerard, two of the Emperor's Council, on part of 
 his Majesty to welcome them, and state that they should have due 
 notice when he could give them audience. The night before their 
 arrival, they lodged at Alost with M. de Courriers, where they were 
 as well icceived and had as hearty cheer as might be possible. He 
 mentioned to them the Emperor had sent for his son the Prince of 
 Spain hither, commanding him to provide ten special good jennets 
 for the King, and to send them to him. He thought the Prince 
 .should pass out of Spain through England hither. [Two pages^ 
 
 660. Intelligence from Rome and Constantinople. The French 
 having on the 14th inst. sent a large sum of money to Pittigliano, it 
 was seized by Vincenzo Spirito, son of Octavian Spu-ito, of Vitello, 
 and conveyed to the Castle of Piero, belonging to Sig. Pirro Colonna 
 liis relation. The Pope on hearing this, lest he should be considered as 
 of the Imperial faction, instantly demanded the money to be restored on 
 pain of the head of Vincenzo, and the extermination of the family. 
 This was done, and absolution given by his Holiness. The Imperial 
 ciuiip before Montalcino being in great want of provisions, in conse- 
 quence "f the Pope having withdrawn from Perugia the licence to 
 export victuals by reason of groat scari'ity in that city, on express 
 ciiinplaint made to his Holiness the licence was renewed. Sig. 
 AscMiiio is not much better of his wound, the ball it appears having 
 touched the lione. It is reported that Sig. Vincentio di Nobili, 
 ne|)hi^w of the VQ\n\ will enter tht^ Freneh service as captain either 
 (if cavalry i>r infantry. Tlie Imperin.lists complain of the restitution 
 (if the French money, asserting that it was properly taken. — From 
 Constantinople, March 28. The 80 gallies are completed and Sina Bey, 
 
EDWARD VI. 267 
 
 1553. 
 
 it is said, will have the command of the fleet. Proceedings of the 
 Turk against the Sophy. Couriers had arrived from the Beglier Bey 
 of Esdron with letters from the Sophy to the Turk, by which it 
 was said he sought for peace ; and some messengers had come from 
 Bagdat with the heads of Persians slain in a skirmish, wherein were 
 losses on both sides. The Sophy was understood to be on the 
 confines of Van. [Italian. Three pagei^. Copy.'] 
 
 April 23. 661. The Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby, and Sir Kichard 
 Brussels. Morysine to the Council. Last night a post from Italy brought 
 tidings that the two Legates are on their v/ay, and come with 
 such diligence that one is likely to be here in 14 or 15 days. 
 Cardinal Dandino, who made the atonement between the Bishop and 
 the French King, comes hither, and the other. Capo de Ferro, goes 
 to France. According to Don Diego the former of these is much 
 atfectioned to the French, and the other no good Imperial. In a 
 day or two will again seek access, because of the coming of these 
 Legates. Don Diegolnformed them " that two days agone the Em- 
 peror did feel his stomach very good, and did eat a good deal more 
 goat's milk than his physician, Dr. Cornehus, would he should have 
 done ; who perceiving that he had taken more in than he could 
 after well digest, said his Majesty must no more do so. The Em- 
 peror's answer was, they then must not serve him with too much." 
 It is said that Gazzino on hearing this, because he could get no 
 money for his master, Ferrante Gonzaga, or order for any, had, in 
 pursuance of his instructions, requested the Emperor's licence for 
 Gonzaga to go during this summer to the baths of Padua, being 
 sore troubled with a sciatica, from which if he recovered he should 
 be willing to serve his Majesty again where commanded. The Em- 
 peror was much offended, but dissembling his ire, had sent to Gon- 
 zaga a flattering message, to the effect that this was not a time for 
 him to give up such a charge ; he should have better season for cure, 
 should have sufficient money shortly, and if matters had not pros- 
 pered so well last year as formerly, it was God's wiU, and not 
 Ferrante's fault. But three or four days after Gazzino's departure 
 the Emperor caused his secretary Vargas to write to Ferrante, giving 
 him leave to go to the baths, and stay as long as he pleased, first 
 apprising the Senate of Milan that his Majesty wiUs them to do 
 with aU matters of justice, and that for order for things of war he 
 had written to Marquis Marignan, who should in this behalf succeed 
 Ferrante. The Senate and the Marquis will receive letters to this 
 effect from the Emperor about the same time that Ferrante receives 
 this. Speculations on these proceediags of the Emperor and Gon- 
 zaga. It is reported that when the Imperahsts went to survey 
 Terouanne, the French made a sally, taking M. de Benincourt 
 prisoner and detaining him for half an hour ; but that the Imperialists 
 raUjdng, rescued him and drove their assailants into the town again. 
 The Imperialists are said to have burnt almost all between Terouanne 
 and Boulogne hitherto without opposition, and have taken very great 
 booty of cattle. Think that Don Diego of some purpose told them 
 that the Emperor is now up and now down. [Two pages and a 
 lialf, in cipher deciphered.'] 
 
268 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1553. 
 April 23. 6C2. Tlic Bislmp of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby, and Sir Richard 
 Brussels. Mdrysino to the ('onncll. This morning, a little before dinner, one of 
 his secretaries, called Bave, brought a message from the Emperor to 
 the c'ttoct that thouj^di liia Majesty was well recovered of his sickness 
 yet was he not in that case that he might well put on his apparel, 
 but was fain to keep to his bed in such sort as he could not conve- 
 niently give them audience himself, and therefore wished them to 
 docliue tln'ir ambassade to the Regent. Had replied that they 
 Avere content to wait, trusting that in four or five days he should be 
 better recovered. Meanwhile desire their Lordships' instructions 
 Avhethei' in case of lack of access to the Emperor, they may repair 
 to the Regent ; their present commission not extending thereto. If 
 they are to communicate with the Regent suggests that Chamber- 
 lain might be as one of them for his more credit in service. [Tvx) 
 pages.] 
 
 April 21-. 663. The Council to the Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby, 
 Greenwich, and Richard Morysine. Require them to consult together, taking, 
 if they shall think it necessary, Mount into their councils, as 
 to forming a common league of amity with the House of Burgundy 
 and the Princes of Germany ; and to ascertain what device has 
 been had for the succession and establishment of the Low Countries, 
 and to whom the rule and governance of the same shall remain after 
 the decease of the Emperor. [Five pages. Copy-I 
 
 April 25. 6G t. Christopher Mount to the Council. The Bishops of Wurtz- 
 btrasburg. burg and Bamberg gather horse and foot against the Marquis, as 
 (Uies the city of Nuremburg, which lately compelled an ensign of 
 foot, levied by the Marquis, to swear to serve them. The Mar- 
 quis has taken prisoner 10 of the Bishop's g^tlemen, and destroyed 
 about 20 of their company. The Marquis cannot collect his 
 men, as the bishops and the city destroy his muster-places, and the 
 spoiling and robbing from every man last year has caused the Mar- 
 quis to be in small favour with all honest men. During the last 
 eiylit days the bishops have issued a proclamation setting forth 
 how wrongfully they and their subjects have been invaded by the 
 Marquis, and compelled by armed violence to make unreasonable 
 and unlawful promise to them ; that, although it would have been 
 greatly to the loss of themselves and their subjects, they would have 
 been content to pay the Marquis -I'lOjOOO florins ; and that they had 
 put this contro\er,sy into the hands of certain Princes assembled at 
 Heidelberg for that purpose, by the Count Palatine, although no end 
 lin.s ensued through the stubbornness and pervcrseness of the Lord 
 Manpiis. Wherefore they entreat all States of the Empire to give 
 DO aid to the Marquis aguinst them, and recite an Inipei'ial mandate 
 issued t'lom Villach last June, wliereiu they are commanded not to 
 keep these eoinpulsory jiroiiiises made to liim ; which mandate was 
 renewed and re|udili.shi>d on I7tli February last against the Marquis 
 in tlie Knijierov's name nnd authority. As the city of Nuremburg 
 enrneslly assists the bisliops it will be impossible for the Mai'quisto 
 ]>ro\ail iigiiinst th(>in, and the ineri'ase of his power is suspect and 
 perilons to them of Nineniburg. The Estates of Duke Mauric 
 labour eaniestly lor a eoinpo.sition between him and Haus Frederick, 
 
EDWARD VI, 269 
 
 1553. 
 
 to which, as guarding against the Emperor, the Duke applies himself 
 if it can be made. He has no son, and only one daughter, and after 
 his death the Klectorate goes to the children of John Frederick, At 
 the Princes leaving Heidelberg Maurice came to them in post with 
 five servants from Magdeburg, and consulted with them for the 
 observation of the treaty made at Passau. The Emperor has taken 
 three doctors and three counts for the expedition of causes concern- 
 ing the Empire. Maurice has prime intelligence with the French 
 King, and by all means possible makes ready money. The clergy 
 of Magdeburg have given him 100,000 guilders for the coming on of 
 that town ; they must be citizens, and not exercise any spiritual 
 jurisdiction. The French King entrusts the government of Metz 
 to the Bishop thereof, under colour that he is a Prince of the Empire. 
 This has altered the magistrates and rulers ; a new garrison has been 
 put into the town, and the chief citizens have withdrawn and retired 
 to other countries. The French King likewise fortifies two other 
 places belonging to the Bishop of Metz, thereby showing his inten- 
 tion to keep all the country thereabouts, of which the neighbourship 
 is too near to the Rhine. [Two 2xtges and a half.] 
 
 April 27. G6o. Sir Richard Morysine to the Council. Having, according to 
 Brussels, their command, expressed his opinions to the Bishop of Norwich 
 and Sir Philip Hoby, he has been requested by them to commu- 
 nicate the same to their Lordships. As the Emperor had never 
 more need of the Germans than at present, so they have learned 
 that there were times when the Emperor, by himself, could hardly 
 defend them. The Papists of Germany are of mean power, and so 
 spoiled of late, that the Emperor has lost the most of their hearts ; 
 not because they have been sacked, but because he has taken all 
 hope from them of rightlj' recovering what they have lost. The 
 Protestants would the rather win with the Emperor, if they saw 
 others ready to league with him and them, — such as might assure 
 them of friends able and willing to stand by them, though the 
 Emperor should slip his amity. The Kings of Poland, Sweden, 
 and Denmark, each for some cause or other afraid, would be glad to 
 league with the King of England and the German Protestants, 
 and happier if the Emperor could be comprehended in the same 
 league. If .such confederacy could be made, even were the Emperor 
 thereafter to shrink away, there is no power in Christendom able to 
 harm them. If the Emperor were not moved in the matter, he 
 might by practices keep them from so strong a confederacy ; but it 
 might be shown to him tliat he, by increasing the power of England, 
 increased his own, as his house had always grown greater by such 
 alliance. The Emperor has already bound the Germans to defend 
 the Low Countries ; yet because they were brought to this much 
 against their will, and see that the side may be much weakened 
 when the Emperor sliall die, they have no haste to such defence. 
 To this league it is to be feared the King of the Romans and 
 Maximilian his son will be opposed, because they are like one day 
 to be Lords of Flanders : hatred on one side, and favour on the 
 other, serving them in place of a good title. This doubt removed, 
 were Ferdinand and Maximilian to unite with all the rest, they 
 
270 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1553. 
 
 must needs be defended from harm as long as they hold together. 
 The Emperor would be glad that Maximilian and his friend were 
 firmly tied to liim and his son Philip, as this would settle the 
 greatness of his house, which is in peril if Philip and MaximiMan 
 remain enemies. None more likely to ascertain the affections of the 
 German Princes in this matter than Mount, who, both for his Tight- 
 ness in religion and secrecy in counsel, is much esteemed of them 
 all. Tlie fear of the Germans for the Turk's invasion, and the 
 Protestants' desire not to be tossed for true religion, is able much 
 to farther this practice. John Frederick, the Count Palatine, 
 the Landgrave, the Duke of Wirtemberg, and others, with their 
 respective friends, cannot but much desire to join with England, the 
 Emperor, and Flanders. The King, contributing to the defence of 
 Germany, like as Flanders does, and receiving contributions in 
 return, might on occasion both ease others and find great rehef 
 himself To be bound to help the Emperor, and after his death not 
 to find those that should help them, were while he lives a burden, 
 and thereafter no mean peril of great harm. Should the Emperor 
 not mislike the matter, he may appoint a diet of so many of the 
 Princes as may be thought fit for the purpose, at which the Ambas- 
 sadors of the Emperor and his Majesty might attend. Such league 
 formed, no Christian prince would be able to aid the Turk, who 
 without Christian aid cannot annoy Christendom. To save all 
 upright, should the Emperor be indisposed to such league, those 
 who move in it may in his Majesty's name pray the Emperor, that, 
 in the event of a peace, a place may be reserved for the French 
 King, on such conditions as may be thought convenient. [Two 
 pages and a half.] 
 
 April 28. 666. The Eishop of Norwich and Sir Philip Hoby to Secretaries 
 Brussels. Sir William Petre and Sir William Cecil. Urge a reply to their 
 letter of last Sunday, in which they desire to be informed whether 
 they should declare their ambassade to the Regent, as the Emperor 
 wills them to do. Have this evening at nine o'clock dispatched 
 Francis with their common letter to the Council. [One page.] 
 
 April 28. 667. King Edward VI. to the Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip 
 [Greenwich.] Hoby, and Sir Richard Morysine. Refei-s to their letter to the 
 Council of the 23d, approves of their conduct, and desires that 
 now and henceforward, when they cannot have access to the 
 Emperor, they may communicate with the Queen Regent. [One 
 page. Copy.] 
 
 April 28. 
 Brussels. 
 
 668. The Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby, and Sir Richard 
 Morysine, to the Council. In terms of their Lordships' letter of 
 the 24th inst., received on the 26th, they had conferred together, 
 and, having considered Morysine 's ai-ticles of discourse, forwarded 
 to their Lordships, conclude that such a league as proposed would 
 be mutually beneficial to his Majesty and the Low Countries ; but 
 they are in doubt how the communication may be entered into. 
 Because if the sickness of the Emperor prevents their having access 
 to him, and they have to open it to the Queen, D'Arras and others 
 will be made privy to it ; and as the matter requires so great 
 
EDWAED VI. 271 
 
 1553. 
 
 secrecy, they doubt how it may be broken except to the Emperor 
 himself. If he should recover and give them audience, then if he 
 likes the proposal it should be followed up as suggested in the 
 articles, or in such way as to the Council may seem good ; but if 
 he should mislike the confederacy, then it is to be feared he will 
 practise to disappoint the King from making any league at all with 
 the Germans. Therefore they think the Emperor's own inclination 
 should be first sounded ; and, in the dangerous state of his health, 
 suggest that the Council should consider, were he to die before this 
 league should be concluded, what were in that case best to be done, 
 it being thought that the Germans would less readily join with 
 the Emperor's son Philip than they would with Ferdinand and 
 Maximilian. The Emperor having sworn the people of the Low 
 Countries to swear to his son, it is thought that in the event of 
 his death, although the inheritance goes to his son, the Queen will 
 still govern here, her wisdom and fidelity having been so long 
 proved. Yet it is thought the people bear better will to Maximilian 
 than to Philip, the rather that they cannot endure the insolency of 
 the Spaniards, by whom they fear they should be governed under 
 the Prince. Sir PhiHp Hoby having inquired of one of the Em- 
 peror's Coimcil, how it was that his master was not served by 
 MaximiUan, so worthy a Prince and so well beloved of the Emperor, 
 was answered, that his ingratitude and that of his father Ferdinand 
 towards the Emperor is such that it is not to be borne withal ; 
 and yet had it not been for the Emperor, they had not had one 
 foot of ground in the world at this day. Hence they infer that the 
 Emperor is in some jealousy of these two personages, and some 
 think that they will make business for the obtaining of these Low 
 Countries. This morning Morysine waited upon D'Arras, touching 
 Cavalcante's suit for his kersies taken by Marquis Albert, when 
 D' Arras told him that the Bishop had once or twice driven the 
 Marquis from the mustering places, but that of late he was even 
 with them, having slain and taken a great many of their men ; 
 which prisoners are sworn for six months to bear no arms against 
 the Marquis or the Emperor. Hear from Kome that the Bishop 
 has appointed legates to the French King and the Emperor for 
 treaty of peace, as may be seen by copy of Italian advertisements 
 inclosed. On Easter-day it was rumoured in Kome that the Emperor 
 was dead, so that the Ambassador of Sienna repaired to the Bishop 
 with letters to that effect from the magistrates of Sienna, and 
 received very comfortable words of him thereupon. Pietro Strozzi 
 arrived at Ferrara on the 13th with money from the French King, 
 although before leaving France he had given out that he would not 
 serve in Italy under De Thermes. It is thought he now treats of 
 some practice with the Duke of Ferrara. On the 9th ult. 60 of 
 the Turk's gallies left Constantinople ; their commander is not 
 known. The Persians have by composition taken from the Turks 
 the fortress of Belgari, which they razed, and on their return had 
 an engagement with the Kurds. Thought that the Turk will not 
 take the field this year, being persuaded by Rustan Bassa to remain 
 at home lest he should die in the field, when his eldest son Mustapha 
 might get the army to him, and so obtain the dominion. Letters 
 
2/2 
 1553. 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 received by Morysine from Venice of the 9th inst. mention the 
 defeat of 800 Germans on the 27th ult. by Corneglio Bentivoglio, 
 the French King's General, on the sea coasts of Sienna, with 300 
 foot and 100 horse, in which 500 of the Germans were slain, and 
 150 of those taken died on the way. The remaining prisoners were 
 carried to Grosseto, amongst whom is a son of the Count de 
 Lodrone, and are put to the carrying of baskets for the fortifications. 
 This has somewhat stirred the Frenchmen there to look aloft. The 
 French in Venice received letters from Constantinople of the 9th 
 ult. but wish it not to be known ; and the letters for the Venetians 
 from the same place of 28th February have been intercepted, but 
 by whom not known. This had led some to suspect that the 
 French intend to bring their troops into the realm of Naples so 
 suddenly, that the Imperialists before Sienna shall be unable to 
 resist them. Have forwarded the letters from the Council to Mount 
 [Six pages.} Inclosed, 
 
 668. I. Intelligence from Florence, 8 April. The Imperialiata 
 went under Montalcino, and endeavoured to batter it 
 with one company, but found it much stronger than they 
 expected. They then planted four guns on a rising- 
 ground that overlooks Montalcino, and battered sundry 
 toivers and casements, which they found to be very strong. 
 During this a cannon-shot splintered off some starves, 
 which killed five soldiers, and shattered the arm, of Sig. 
 Giordano Orsino, who, Don Garcia writes, has since 
 died of the wound. Within are 2,200 very h'ave soldiers. 
 Their captains are Sign. Mario Santo Fiore, Giustinian 
 de Faenza, Morelto Calvorese, two Counts Tressani, and 
 another; Sigr. Giordano, the Gommander-inr-Ghief. The 
 2,000 infantry are on their march. Tlie Spaniards and 
 Germans that were on the coast are to join the army. 
 From Home of the same date : — On tlie 2d day aftei' 
 Easter, San Giorgio was appointed Legate to France, and 
 Dandino to the Emperor, and they leave three days 
 hence. Mentions the death of Giordano Orsino. Bishop 
 Malipiero is reported to be dead, and Count Paulo da 
 Porto will be his successor. [Italian. One page.] 
 
 April 28. 669. The Council to the Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby, 
 [Greenwich.] and Sir Richard Morysine. Yesterday received both their 
 letters of the 23d. Send herewith his Majesty's instructions for 
 their communicating with the Regent. Desire to be informed as 
 early as convenient what other practices they can discover to be in 
 hand by any other prince for the treaty of jieace, and whose inter- 
 meddling therein is best favoured of the Emperor. With respect to 
 Chamberlain, they do not think it meet to add to the number of 
 Commissioners, as the like being not used towai'ds the French King 
 might peradventure engender some mistrust and not a whit farther 
 the King's good purpose and meaning. Intimate the revocation of 
 Chamberlain ancl the appointment of Sir Philip Hoby as Ambassador 
 resident with the Regent. [Three pages. Draft.} 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 273 
 
 1553. 
 
 April 28. 
 Antwerp. 
 
 April 30. 
 
 Brussels. 
 
 May 1. 
 
 670. Thomas Gresham to the Council. By his letter of the 27th 
 from Brussels had informed them that he has received from the mer- 
 chants all the money that he is likely to receive at present. For 
 lack of power several have not brought in their money, amounting 
 in all to l,500i. ; but this will be no loss to the King, since no 
 money has been disbui-sed to them at London. Fai-ther, that he has 
 discovered a great error in the customer's book of London, who has 
 charged in the shipping of cloths 36,O0OZ. instead of 33,000Z. Had 
 raised the exchange to nineteen shillings and sixpence, having gone 
 to Brussels in order to blind the merchants. On liis return to 
 Antwerp found it up to twenty shillings and many deliveries. 
 Details transactions with sundry merchants. When at Brussels on 
 the 26th had received their letter of the 24th. If, as he hopes, they 
 have brought the staplers and merchant adventurers to have for 
 every pound stei-ling twenty-three shillings and fourpence, the 
 exchange will doubtless rise and never likely fall again. Has so 
 plagued the foreign merchants that henceforth they will beware to 
 meddle with the exchange for London, and has so frightened the 
 English ones that they dare not. Has the books of exchange so at 
 his command that there is never a bourse, but he has a note what 
 money is taken up by exchange, as well by the stranger as English- 
 man. There is no doubt but that the exchange will keep pound for 
 pound, and better, for that all the English fleet has arrived here in 
 safety, praise be to God. [Ttvo pages.] 
 
 671. The Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby, and Sir Richard 
 Morysine to the same. Acknowledge receipt of their Lordships' 
 letters of the 28th with those of his Majesty, touching access to the 
 B«gent ; also those from the latter to the Regent and Chamberlain. 
 These they shall not deliver until they receive farther instructions, 
 because considering the great charge committed to them, to search 
 the state of these countries, and to learn the practices there necessary 
 to be known, and that such knowledge should be used very secretly, 
 they have no mean so good to come by these things as Chamberlain, 
 who beside his public service has divers private occasions to attain 
 intelligence ; being also a man of that service that the trust he has 
 been put in requires, and are agreed in opinion that he might very 
 evil be spared hence at this time. [One page and a half.] 
 
 672. Dr. Wotton, Sir William Pickering, and Sir Thomas Chalouer, 
 to the same. The Dean of Canterbury and Sir Thomas Chaloner 
 arrived at Poissy on Friday the 21st ult., Sir William Pickering 
 having met them at Pontoise on the preceding day. On Satuiday 
 morning it was notified to the latter by the Constable that the King 
 intended to keep the ceremonies of the Order of the Garter on the 
 next day, being the Feast of St. George, and desired his presence 
 thereat, as well as at the first even song that Satui'day. He attended 
 accordingly, wherp he noted that in the stalls of the chapel the King 
 of England's arms were set upon the right hand of tlie door, and the 
 French King's on the left side, so attributing for the time of those 
 ceremonies the honour to King Edward. The only ones who wore 
 the robes of the Order' were the King and the Constable. The Duke 
 
 S 
 
274 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1653. 
 
 of Guise l)Ore the King's train at his offering and passing to and 
 from the chapel. The French Queen, the young Queen of Scots, the 
 Dauphin, the Princesses Elizabeth and Claude, and the Duke of 
 Lorraine, with some other young Princes, were also at the service. 
 Few of the ordinary courtiers, however, were there, as the whole, 
 with the exception of the ordinary officers, are at present either at 
 their private residtiices or on duty upon the frontiers. On St. 
 George's day, the King made Pickering accompany him from the 
 church side by side, and thereafter dine with him ; the Constable in 
 his robes being the only other of the party. The King was more 
 than usually affable, and among other conversation inquired of 
 Pickering which of the Orders, that of St. Michael, St. George, or 
 the Toison d'Or was the most ancient ? Pickering replied that of 
 St. George, having been founded by King Edward III. ; which the 
 Constable confirmed. His Majesty also told him that he was in- 
 formed that the Palsgrave, the Bishop of Mentz, the Duke of 
 Cleves, tlie Duke of Deuxpont or Sweyburg, with certain Princes 
 of Germany, were met for the election of a new Emperor, he that 
 now is being very sore sick and not like to escape. Farther, that a 
 captain of his, called Cornelio Bentivoglio, keeping a hold within the 
 territory of Sienna, had cut in pieces 2,000 landsknechts, part of the 
 Emperor's army there. ( " The number may chance indeed to be 
 500 or 600.") That the Burgundians encamped by Terouanne were 
 very evil appointed, and no soldiers to be much accounted of He 
 had likewise heard from the Baron de la Garde, captain of his gallies 
 in Turkey, for whose return he looked shortly, implying that the 
 Bai'on would bring some Turkish aid with him. As his Majesty 
 was going to ride on hunting next morning, audience to the three 
 joint Commissioners was deferred till Tuesday, St. Mark's day, on 
 the eve of which the Constable sent to the Dean of Canterbury part 
 of the venison killed by the King, and forgot not the next day, 
 before the Dean had leisure to return thanks, to put him straight in 
 remembrance thereof Audience had, the King gave them most 
 gentle entertainment, and after due attention to their credentials, 
 referred them for consideration of the objects of their mission to the 
 Constable and the other ministers. After the interview the Con- 
 stable presented them to the Dauphin, who for his years is of 
 handsome stature, and better liking, than his late sickness doth well 
 suffer him to be, and likewise the young Duke of Lorraine. They 
 wei'e then brought to the Queen's betl-chamber, who within these 
 fourteen days looketh to be delivered of child, to whom, and the 
 rest of the young Princesses, thoy did the salutations appertaining. 
 After leaving, they wwe in daily ex|iect.ation of being sent for by the 
 (!()iistaMc,but did not hear iVoiii him till Friday, whenM. Villandiy 
 iiifoniied liiiii that next day was appointed for tlie meeting. At this 
 wcic present only tlie ( ion.stalile, (he Cardinal of Lonaine, and M. Ber- 
 traiidy, tlui (htvdc dcs Siranx. when the grievances, complaints, and 
 (leinandH |)rofcnv(l by the French against the Emperor were rehearsed 
 at grout leiigtii, and" are by the said Commissioners fully set forth. 
 Tiiesc demands of the French, according to the instructions received, 
 thcjy have sent in eiplier to the Bishop of Norwich and his colleagues. 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 275 
 
 1553. 
 May 5. 
 Brussels. 
 
 May 7. 
 Brussels.. 
 
 673. Sir Philip Hoby to the Duke of Northumberland. States 
 the reasons that have moved the Commissioners to make no mean to 
 be heard by the Regent. Fii'st, they hear nothing certain of the 
 coining of the Legates, and therefore need not haste the message for 
 them. Next, as to speaking with the Queen, they forbear, in the 
 first place, because they should wish previously to hear out of France, 
 that they may have some ground to walk on before they enter with 
 her ; and secondly, to see whether in the meantime the Emperor 
 will amend, so that they may come to his own presence, both for 
 the more honour of the matter, and to ascertain by their own eyes 
 what state his body is in, tliat therefore they may guess whether it 
 were convenient for them to enter with him in breaking of the other 
 matters for combining the King with the Germans. Because, if 
 they perceive him to be in a dangerous way, it were folly to broach 
 the subject, since by his time it were unlike to take any effect. 
 Wherefore Hoby offers his opinion that it were better one of them 
 should break the matter of the league with the Emperor as a thing 
 of his own device, and the more acceptable such person should be to 
 the Emperor the better ground his argument is likely to take. 
 Incloses the substance of address proposed. Should the Emperor 
 mislike it, it is but a private device rejected, and cannot compromise 
 the King ; if he should like it, his disposition thus known will enable 
 them and his ministers to confer thereon ; and in the event of his 
 death before the conclusion of the league, their practice with the 
 Germans by these means may be such as will stand the King in great 
 stead. Has consi'dered, in case Ferdinand and his son Maximilian 
 should mean to put in their foot here, what inconvenience this league 
 might breed in such case. Understands that the people are more 
 inclined to Maximilian than to the Emperor's son, and would rather 
 submit to any other nation than to the Spaniards. States the 
 question of succession, and expresses his conviction of troubles in 
 the country after the Emperor's death, and on full reflection upon 
 conflicting probabilities, concludes that any such treaty as is pro- 
 posed can by no means be prejudicial to England. 
 
 P.S. After this long delay, finding the Emperor in such weak case 
 as to prevent their having audience, they had this day, the 7th inst., 
 had access to the Regent, as their common letters shall explain. As 
 they understand that the Emperor has not been s'een, nor has given 
 audience to any one for three months, they think that the prevailing 
 rumour is in some part rather true than otherwise ; which is, that 
 some say he is already dead, others that he has lost his senses, and 
 others that he is so feeble that his recovery is impossible ; all which 
 together make it be suspected that if he is not already dead, he 
 cannot long continue. His opinion that the practice should be made 
 with Ferdinand, Maximilian, and the rest of the Empire. [Four 
 pages.^ Anneoaed, 
 
 673. I. Proposed speech to the Emperor by the party who should 
 
 broach the subject of a league. [Two pages.] 
 
 674. The Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby, and Sir Richard 
 Morysine to the Council. Have this day had audience of the Regent 
 and delivered ibeir message : whereunto she made as gracious and 
 
 s 2 
 
276 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1553. 
 
 courteous answers as could be desired. She is to make the subject 
 of their mission known to the Emperor, and will inform them of his 
 mind thei-ein as shortly as may be, not doubting but they should be 
 answered to their contentation. Five thousand Spaniards in the 
 Emj)eror's service, garrisoned at Cambray, have mutinied, their 
 wages being seven months in arrear. Not only Don Aluiso D'Avila, 
 tlie captain of their horse, was fain to flee from them, but also the 
 Arcaldo, who was sent hence to jiacify them, had to make hard shifts 
 to escape their hands. They remain in a state of mutiny until their 
 just claims are satisfied. Marquis Albert ha.^ taken the town and 
 castle of Bamberg, and chased the Bishop out of his diocese ; mak- 
 ing such a revel there, that the Emperor has been obliged to summon 
 the Princes of Germany to assemble at Frankfort, for the purpose 
 of pacifying these contentions between the Marquis and the Bishop. 
 News from Italy that 14 gallies have sailed from Genoa to con- 
 vey 2,000 Spaniards from the coast of Sienna to Naples, for the 
 defence of those parts. Don Garcia, the Emperor's General in the 
 territory of Sienna, had of late taken beside Viterbo 26,000 
 crowns, whicli were supposed to have been sent to the aid of Sienna. 
 But, it being said the money belongs to the Bishop of Rome, Don 
 Garcia has deposited the money in the hands of the Bishop of Vi- 
 terbo until the truth be known. It is said that the Emperor has 
 written to the Duke of Florence to practise some agreement between 
 him and the Siennese. Send herewith copies of a letter from the 
 Bishop of Rome to the Prince of Spain, and of one from Uungary 
 touching the proceedings of Battista Castaldo. Presume they have 
 heard from Wot ton and his colleagues, of the unreasonable demands 
 that the French make to the introduction of this peace. [Four 
 
 67^. I. Coj^y letter from Pope Julius III. to Philip, Prince of 
 Spai)i, Rome, 8th April 1553. Informs him that he has 
 dUpatched Legates to the Emperor and King of Fnince for 
 the purpose of effecting a reconciliation between those 
 Sovereigns, a7id requests the Prince unll use his influence 
 with his father to that end. John Cardinal Poggio, his 
 Legate, and Leonard Bishop of Laodicea, his Xuncio, will 
 fidly explain to the Prince the sentiments of his Holiness. 
 Latin. Counierf<igned by Paid Sadoletus, Bishop of 
 Carpentras. [One ?>"//''.] 
 
 ()74. 11. Copy hifer {anonymous) from Gargot:, 17 Jpi^il 1553. 
 Thirty-seven days ago Castaldo and his tmops left the 
 confincH of Transylvania for Hungary, by oitlei's of the 
 King of the liommi.'^, ami within the la<<t three days 
 rcadicil Prcs})nrg. The delay has been caused by the diffi- 
 riilly of 2>iissi)ig the .^In'j) nunoitaius and sn-olleii rivers ; 
 bi'sidcs on acritnnt of these the baggage, escorted by 
 300 S/xiniartls, could )(<)/ overtake more than two or 
 lejujiies per diem at the utntost. Si.v hundred out of 
 4,000 Oermans were either drowned or slain by the 
 natives. The rest of the troops are well, but wearied and 
 thin, and require rest and support. Matters arc quiet in 
 
EDWAT?D VI. 277 
 
 1553. 
 
 Transylvania, and all this country will continue subject 
 to his Majesty, and there is every prospect of an honour- 
 able pence or truce with the Turk. It is luhispered that 
 the King of Poland and Petrovlch Count of Themisnar 
 would have wished to attevipt to restore the son of King 
 Joh», but seeing that the King has entirely fidfilled the 
 covenants made with Queen Isabella, mother of the said 
 son of King John, this is not likely to be. The Sophi is 
 very successful against the Turk's army, and the Bassa 
 of Caramania has revolted from, the Turk and joined the 
 Persian ; wherefore the Turk makes vigorous preparations 
 aqainst them,, and these may be the coMses of his making 
 peace or a truce tvlth the King. The Vaivode, who was 
 expdled from this great country, and joined the Turk, has 
 obtained from him a large number of troops to assist him 
 to recover his dominions.. The new Vaivode has joined 
 the King, and has brought picked troops, both foot and 
 horse, into Transylvania, together with a large supply of 
 arms, such as helmets, lances, shields, and cuirasses for 
 arming his soldiers, and marches to oppose the enemy 
 crossing the Danube. These two Vaivodes will have 
 between them 100,000 men, but it is thought 10,000 good 
 soldiers would beat both of them. [Italian. One page and 
 a, half^ 
 
 May [7.] 675. Sir Richard Morysine to the Council. When with D'Arras 
 Brussels, had inoved the matter of the kersies taken by Marquis Albert from 
 Lane and Cavalcante, showing the number of the bales, their con- 
 tents and value. D'Arras said he would with all his heart speak to 
 the Emperor, and was sure that he would as willingly write in their 
 behalf; but his doubt was, the letters would serve only to small 
 purpose. Told D'Arras that his Majesty was advertised that the 
 kersies were still unsold, and the parties in good hope to recover 
 them if the Emperor would write earnest and favourable letters for 
 them. D'Arras smiled, and said " He hath neither title to the 
 kersies, nor right to anything else that he violently hath taken in 
 this his time of spoil and robbery, but having still need of new 
 money, it shall be an hard matter to bring him to restitution." 
 D'Arras says that the Emperor as yet can sign no letters, the gout 
 being in his right hand. Everybody is bold with the Emperor, and 
 give him what disease they will, and in what place they list. The 
 Queen, in counterfeiting more gladness than others can find warrant 
 for it, only increases suspicion. At the audience which she gave to the 
 Bishop of Norwich, she laughed, but at such time as, finding no 
 cause for it, Morysine thought she did so to make the bystanders 
 imagine she had cause of some mirth. The Emperor's deferring of 
 his audience shows but a mean policy, in making the world believe 
 that he has a great desire to talk with the Commissioners, and in so 
 long a time could not find one half-hour to hear what the Bishop of 
 Norwich and Iloby had to say to him. It was reported that an 
 agent sent from the old Queen of Poland had access to him three or 
 four days since ; but this is now denied. They that told it said the 
 agent came to his bedside, kissed his hand, but heard him say 
 
278 
 
 FOKEIGN PAPERS. 
 
 15.- 
 
 May 10. 
 [Greenwich. 
 
 May ] 2. 
 Venice. 
 
 May 12. 
 Venice. 
 
 nothing, neither did lie see his face. Now people say that when the 
 Emperor stole from In8i)ruck, meaning to come privily to Flanders, 
 Adrian lay in the Empcmr's bud, while some of the Chamber came 
 in and wore after sent off ciiiinds. Also that at that time the 
 priests said mass by the bedside, and gave Adrian the pax, believing 
 him to be the Emperor. This done, Adrian rose and fetched in the 
 Emperor's meat, (torn) some think, another in his bed-room. Too 
 much, not to be well an hour or two in so long a sickne.ss ! The 
 Prince of Piedmont takes his Majesty's present exceeding thankfully. 
 [Three jjai/en.] 
 
 676. Memorial for John Sheres, sent from King Edward VI. 
 ] to the King of the Romans, to endeavour to induce his Majesty to 
 
 join in the proposed league. On his way, or at such time as is most 
 convenient, to visit Maximilian King of Bohemia, son of the said 
 King of the Romans, for the purpose of understanding his disjx>si- 
 tion thereto. [Eight pages. Draft.] 
 
 677. Peter Vannes to Sir William Petre and Sir William Cecil. 
 Great expectations here that some goodness of peace shall ensue 
 from his Majesty's intervention. Both the French and Imperial 
 Ambassadors much praise the election of Ambassadors lately sent 
 by the King to their Princes, as men of wit, learning, and discretion. 
 The French King has made some provisions in Italy of a certain 
 kind of armories, and already brought them within the dominion of 
 Venice, for to arm a certain band of men, being now upon the 
 French gallies. Requests them to deliver the inclosed letter to the 
 Lords of the Council. [One page.] 
 
 678. Same to the Council. Letters from Constantinople of the 1 1th 
 ult., mention that the gallies for the French King's service will sail 
 about the 1.5th curt. " The Turk was entered into some suspicion 
 with the French King, having perceived to be in hand a certain over- 
 ture of peace between the Emperor and him." The Persians con- 
 tinue to be successful over the Turk, wherefore he daily increases his 
 army in those parts. The Imperialists stiU besiege Montalcino with 
 small hope of winning it ; a treaty within the town devised mth the 
 Imperialists was lately detected, and the authors thereof put to 
 death. The Bishop of Rome greatly labours for some peace in 
 Tuscany, having great hope of such since the coming to Rome of 
 Mons. de Lansac, the French King's Ambassador, the said King 
 being willing to withdraw his troops if the Emperor will do the 
 same ; and that the Bishop as an indifferent person, should place in 
 Sienna a competent number cf men of war, under sucJi head as the 
 inhabitants should appoint, for the conservation of their liberties. 
 A conforenc(^ of Perugia, between tlie Bishop. Duke of Florence, 
 Cardinal of h'errara, and the AiiibMss,adoi-s of Sionna, is spoken of, 
 but it is tliouglit noi. likely to come to pass, the Siennese being 
 eotiHidenMJ very ])0()r, and unable of themselves to defend their 
 own liberties. They write from Milan that the French troops in 
 I'ie.diMont are daily iiierensed, it is thought to go to Naples to join 
 the Turk's and Kreneh Kind's nriny rather than to do any exploit 
 against Milan, mid that the Maiquis do Marignano, a very expert 
 Captain and ns.sured servant to the Emperor, shall go to Naples to 
 sei-ve him there as occasion shall require. Don Fernando 
 
EDWAED VI. 279 
 
 1553. 
 
 great preparations for keeping the frontiers and towns entrusted to 
 liis cliai-ge on certain assurance ; so that the peace looked for by 
 intervention of the King of England is lews in expectation. Cardi- 
 nal Pole is understood to have come from Rome to a certain abbey 
 of his in the States of Ferrara, and thereafter is to spend the summer 
 at the residence of a friend within the dominion of Venice. Mr. 
 Stafford, his nephew, is here for this great feast.* Cannot see that 
 the Cardinal has any great matters to do here, but that he has 
 absented himself from Rome for his most quiet and safety, or for 
 some other particular respects of his own, much misliking these 
 tumults, nothing agreeable to his profession. \Tliree pages.] In- 
 closure, 
 
 678. I. Intelligence froTn Constantinople, 11 April 1553. The 
 Beglier Bey of Greece left Constat dinople for Ghipsala on 
 the SOth March, to collect troops for Natolia, and con- 
 tinue preparations against the Sophy. If the Turk does 
 not go in person, he ^vill send Alcmath Bassa with a 
 great force. [Italian. Half a page.] 
 
 May 12. 679. The Council to Sir Philip Hoby. Convey his Majesty's 
 [Greenwich.] and their own approbation of his letter of the 5th to the Duke 
 of Northumberland, and of the very wise discourse proposed to 
 be addressed to the Emperor by one of the Commissioners, who they 
 think should be Hoby's self, as none more acceptable to him. 
 Request him to continue his vigilance in procuring advertise- 
 ments as to those things mentioned of the King of the Romans, 
 and his son Maximilian. Inform him that one Black Will, who of 
 long times has been a notable murderer, and one of the most 
 wretched and vile persons that lives, is of late staid at Flushing, by 
 the procurement of certain servants of the Treasurer of his Majesty's 
 household ; and although there be many divers causes that of con- 
 science more than require that he be sent over to be punished, 
 yet one special case there is, the shameful murder of one Arden, of 
 Feversham, in Kent, which much enforces them to require earnestly 
 that he be sent over. Send Hoby copy of their letters to the Bailiff 
 and other Magistrates of Flushing, and require him to speak to the 
 Regent for her commands to the officers of that town, to deliver the 
 culprit to those who shall be appointed to convey him to England. 
 [Two pages and a half. Draft] 
 
 May 1 3. 680. The Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby, and Sir Richard 
 Bnissels. Morysine to the Council. On Thursday, the Ascension Day, re- 
 ceived their Lordships' letters of the 5th, by Mr. George Cobham. 
 Since their audience on last Sunday, have not received answer from 
 the Queen. On Wednesday the 10th D'Arras paid them a visit, and 
 informed them that the cause of delay proceeded from the Emperor's 
 desire to make his answer personally. Detail their conversation 
 with D'Arras as to the causes of the war between France and the 
 Emperor, the proposals for peace, &c. D'Arras had inquired how 
 his Majesty was, and, in ignorance of his health, they had replied 
 
 * Whitsunday fell on 11th May 1553. 
 
280 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1553. 
 
 that he was recovered of his cough and was now well. But now 
 they perceive there has been a report of his Majesty's sickness since 
 his going to Greenwich, whicli had moved D' Arras to put the question. 
 On tlie afternoon of Ascension Day they were visited by M. Mon- 
 i'lilconc't, tlie Emperor's Muttre d'Hotel, M. de Courriers, Count 
 Home, and M. di' la Chau, who, in absence of M. de Rie, is chief 
 gentleman of the Privy Chamber, and ascertained from Monfaleonet 
 that the Emperor has been, and yet is, very sick, but cannot obtain 
 precise particulars, because he is kept so close that no man comes 
 abroad able directly to say the Emperor is in this or that case. 
 Have desired Chamberlain to make diligent search into the state 
 of the Low Country, and send his discourse thereoDi (Missing.) 
 Horse and foot pass continually towards Terouanne and the frontier. 
 Send advertisements out of Italy {missing). [Three pages.] 
 
 May 15. 681. Henry II., King of France, to King Edward VI. Expresses 
 
 [St Germain.] the extreme regret occasioned to him by the news of his Majesty's 
 
 illness, and sends the bearer, M. De L'Aubespine, his Secretaryof 
 
 State, to make personal inquiries. [Partly holograph. Addressed 
 
 "Monsieur mon bon Jils et frere le Roy Dangleierre."] 
 
 May 16. 682. Dr. Wotton, Sir William Pickering, and Sir Thomas Chaloner 
 Poissy. to the Council. Since writing on the 1st inst., they have received 
 letters neither from their Lordships nor from the Bishop of Norwich 
 and his colleagues in Flauders. Yesterday the Cardinal Legate from 
 Rome, called Capo di Ferro, arrived at Paris, where he was solemnly 
 received with tlie accustomed processions, and, for more special 
 honour, the Bishop of Cahors there met and received liim. He comes 
 hither to-morrow, it is thought, as a mediator, since he has effected 
 a truce between the French and Imperial troops at Sienna. Secretary 
 De L'Aubespine starts to night for England, the French King having 
 been advertised that the King has been a little sick and accrased ; 
 f(ir what cause he is dispatched they know not, but think there may 
 be some farther matter than errand of visitation. On Saturday 
 evening Basing, captain of one of his Majesty's ships, who had chased 
 the pirates Strangwisshe and the Killigrews into Bi-est, anived here, 
 bringing letter from his brother officer Bethell, having spent ten 
 days on the road by occasion of evil horsing. Suspect that, not- 
 withstanding Pickering has a commission under the King's privy 
 seal for tlieir apprehension, there is small likelihood of taking them 
 by reason of official impediments and delays, and that they have 
 private warning to make way for themselves. Yestei-day the French 
 Queen, after a long and pi-rilous travail, was brought a-bed of a 
 diuio;liter ; and it is reported that in four days the King goes from 
 St. (Jermain to Paris, and thence to Pionrdy. Pietro Strozzi has 
 returned from the Duke of Fi'irara, wlio will join the French King 
 if he Hciuls a notable army into Italy, otherwise would be loth to 
 (li.McoviM' himself altoifi'tluT Kr(>iu-h without notable purpose. Reiffen- 
 licrg in sniil to havci ajfrofd with Mio French King to make up his 
 tioopH to tli(^ nvimbcr of 6,000 landsknoclits, including those whom he 
 lias Mliviidy ill rcgimout. [i'i.i; iiagcd, Partlij jirinted by Tytler, 
 Vol. il, p. I7ii.] 
 
EDWARD VI. 281 
 
 1551. 
 
 May 683. The Council to the Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby, 
 
 [Before 9th.] and Sir Richard Morysine. Acknowledge their letters of 28th 
 [Greenwic .J ^pj^j |jy Francisco. Desire them not to proceed farther in matters 
 of the league until they can confer with Mount. Instruct them 
 in the event of the Emperor's death to wait upon the Regent 
 and offer condolence ; at same time the Bishop of Norwich and 
 Morysine to take leave, their mission being ended, and Hoby to 
 acquaint her Majesty that he is to remain as resident in terms of the 
 King's former letter. When about to dispatch this letter, have 
 received their 's of the 30th April,* and though they doubt not that 
 the slaying of his Majesty's letter to the Regent touching Chamber- 
 lain's revocation was intended for the more furtherance of the King's 
 service, yet they marvel that, perceiving his Majesty's determinate 
 resolutions, grounded upon such weighty considerations as have not 
 yet been answered, such stay should have been made, and require 
 the said letter to be delivered, so that his Majesty's former resolu- 
 tions may take effect accordingly. [Three pages. Draft.} 
 
 May 1 9. 684'. The Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby, and Sir Richard 
 Brussels. Morysine to the Council. Acknowledge receipt of the letters of 5th 
 and 12th inst, Hoby and Chamberlain had audience of the Regent 
 yesterday afternoon, when the latter delivered his letters of revoca- 
 tion. Her Grace's regret at parting with Chamberlain is equalled 
 by her gratification tliat Hoby is to supply his place, she having 
 heretofore had experience of him. Although contrary to the laws of 
 Flanders, Black Will is to be delivered up, it being a pity so abomi- 
 nable a murderer should escape unpunished. This morning they 
 went to D'Arras that Chamberlain might take leave of him, who 
 commended Chamberlain as a good minister of amity, and one that 
 was not a little acceptable here, using towards him very great 
 familiarity, calling him " neighbour," and saying that he left so good 
 a pledge behind of his wife and family that he was to be reckoned 
 one of their own, promising his friendship, and assured furtherance 
 in anything within his power. And when Chamberlain asked for 
 his passport, told him that the Queen herself had taken upon her the 
 charge of his dispatch, and would not commit it to any other. 
 Mentioned to them that the Emperor was about the making of a new 
 league in Germany to redress the present stirs there ; and on Hoby 
 asking whether he meant to renew the league of Suevia, replied that 
 it should be either that or another. In consequence of the rumours 
 at Antwerp, the camp at Terouanne, and elsewhere, that the Emperor 
 was dying, or mad, and therefore might not be seen, Hoby took 
 advantage of the opportunity of M. de Courriers dining with them 
 three days ago, to talk with him apart on these reports, and set 
 forth the inconvenience likely to arise to the States of Germany 
 therefrom, but which might be repressed either by the Emperor 
 beinc seen, even although he were unable to walk and needed to be 
 carried in his chair, or by the propagators of such reports being sought 
 outand punished. Had instanced the recent case of the King's Majesty, 
 who beino- but a little sick of a cough, the lewd people had devised 
 and reported that he was dead ; wherefore some of them had been, 
 prosecuted, and the King showed himself abroad, both in his garden 
 
 * In orig. May, 
 
^82 FOKEIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1553. '~ 
 
 and other places, whereas enough might see that the bruit was false. 
 Courriersmade no farther answer touching the Emperor's sickness 
 or madness, but that, as he was a true gentleman, if the Emperor were 
 dead he diod that morning, assuring them that that morning he was 
 alive. As they know right well wliat Mons. de Courriers is, their 
 Lordships may form their opinion upon his answer : for the state of 
 the Emperor cnnnot be known here. Three days ago a courier was 
 dispatched hence to the Duke of Florence, to cause the Imperialists 
 to abandon the enterprise of Sienna ; but miws have since been 
 received from Italy that they have alnady raised the siege, and 
 haste as fast as they can towards Naples, by sea and land, to resist 
 the Turk's navy which is suspected to be coming there. But the 
 cause of their departing is said to be the great penury in their camp, 
 the Bishop of Rome having for some time stopped the supplies of 
 provisions tha*; the troops before Montalcino were wont to have 
 from Perugia and other places in his dominions. The Spanish 
 mutineers at Cambray have again risen, m'strusting the Emperors 
 pardon, because in some cases heretofore he has, notwithstanding his 
 promise, caused some of the ringleaders to be executed. They have 
 therefore required the promise of the Prince of Piedmont, and also 
 that he shall be their General ; making small account of Don Aluiso 
 Chyssado, the Emperor's Mahre d' Hotel, and less of Don Aluiso 
 d'Avila They are now reported to be pacified. On Monday last 
 aniyed the Legate, Cardinal Dandino. He was met a good way out 
 of town by all the Italian Ambassadors here, and Don Franciso 
 D'Este, whether of his good will or by command they cannot tell. 
 Marquis Albert has again defeated the Bishop of Bamberg, and 
 routed those of Nuremburg. Send intelligence received fix»m Mount.* 
 [^Five pa<jcii^ 
 
 May 20. 685. Peter Vannes to Sir William Petre and Sir William Cecil. 
 Venice. Having no worthy matters whereof to advertise the Council, requests 
 them to deliver the inclosed to their Lordships. [Half a page] 
 J)wlosure, 
 
 685. I. The expvgnatidn of Montalcino projiteth vo-y little, and 
 there appi'areth small hope to he won. In Si' una hds 
 lately been detected a treaty in favour of the Imperialists ■■ 
 the particulars are yet uvkno^cn, btit Sig. Giulio Sali'i, one 
 of the chief gentlemen of the town, has been taken and pnt 
 in prison as guilty. The Bishop if Howe and tJve Duke 
 of Florence daily labour for an agreement conxxrning the 
 matters of Sienna, ivhereof no manner of likdihoud 
 a,p])ear8. Numbers of troops daily arrive in Piedmont, 
 <i,vil about !>,{){)() Swiss are e.rpcctcd. Don Fernando has 
 (joiie to Asli in, Vieilmont, having gathered as much 
 money as he cini ; anil has dispatched several captains to 
 lev// soldiers, to oppose the passing of the frontiers by the 
 French, ii'ho it is thought ivill atthn pt to proceed by that 
 ■irii.y Id Naples, there to joi)i the Turk's army. Letters 
 from Gonslantinople confi)^i that the Turk's fleet of 70 
 ga.llies, with Dragut liey as Captain, will sail about the 
 
 See tlieir letter of 26 May, to l\;tro and Cecil, postea. 
 
EDWARD VI. 283 
 
 1553. 
 
 Old of the present month, and that Captain Poulin, Baron 
 de la Garde, had gone to Soio to expedite the French 
 King's gallies to join the Turks at time and place 
 appointed. Of this the Imperialists seem not to he greatly 
 affeared. [One page and a half] 
 
 May 2G. 68G. The Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby, and Sir Richard 
 Brussels. Morysine to the Council. Mount arrived here on the evening of the 
 21st. They have since conferred with him, and send as the result of 
 their deliberations the doubts which they proposed to themselves as 
 to effecting the league, and the opinions at which they have arrived 
 in resolving the objections. The access to the Emperor is still 
 deferred, although audience promised every three or four days : so 
 also is that of the new-come Legate, with whom D'Arras has been 
 twice. Common report says that the Emperor is not in meet case 
 to be spoken with ; and Christopher Woolfe, servant to the Fuggers, 
 lias been here eight weeks, waiting for the signing of certain bills 
 for money already received to the Emperor's use, which he cannot 
 obtain because he must be present to see the Emperor subscribe. The 
 Princes of Germany, too, who were first assembled at Heidelberg, 
 received a letter from him sealed, but not signed ; which being un- 
 usual, they consider very strange. Last Monday night the burgesses 
 here rose in arms, because of injuries done to them by the Spaniards, 
 who had killed two or three of the townsmen on several occasions, 
 and been supposed to go unpunished. The matter was pacified next 
 day by the committal of certain Spaniards to ward ; but the people 
 for the time were so excited, that no Spaniard durst show his head 
 :■ ■ in the town, but had to take refuge at the Comt until quiet was 
 
 restored. The French within Terouanne seem to make little better 
 than a mockery of the siege. [Two pages.] Annexed, 
 
 686. I. Doubts of the Gommissionsrs on the question : " If it shall 
 he thought good that the King's Majesty should enter into 
 a straiter amity with the Umperor jointly with the other 
 Princes of Germany ? " 
 
 1. Whether, heing hitherto opposed to such, the Emperor 
 can he contented that a foreign Prince should join in 
 league and tether the Empire. 
 
 2. Whether he could incline to the Germans confidently 
 with the King of England, since he may fear that their 
 religion might he thereby better established, and less easily 
 altered by him. 
 
 3. Whether the advantages which the present league 
 between the Empire and the Low Countries produce to the 
 Emperor, may not he considered by him as likely to be 
 impaired by any new league. 
 
 4. Whether the Germans would he willing to join such 
 league, because, as it is supposed, they do not observe 
 the present league with the Emperor very willingly, they 
 may have still less inclination to enter into any new one. 
 
 5. Whether the league should be made with the Princes 
 of Oermcmy exclusive of the Emperor. 
 
 6. Whether the disorder amongst the chief Princes should, 
 hinder the Icing's purpose ; for having John Frederick, 
 
284 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 15o3. , , ^ 
 
 he should tvant Duke Maurice and the Landgrave, and 
 vice verm. 
 
 7. A Diet beiv;/ ajypointed to he held at Frankfort on 
 "Idth of this month for the aj^peasivg of these discords; if 
 the Princes <it variance shall be there personally, should 
 hin Majesty nevil any one thither to move them to accord. 
 
 8. Whether in such event the Emperor should he pre- 
 viously apprised of his Mnjesty's intention, as he might 
 suspect other practices, or consider his imperial preroga- 
 tive invaded. 
 
 9. // these Princes should he pacified, being dirided into 
 Protestants and Pajnsts, whether both soHs can be cour- 
 tented to enter into such league. 
 
 10. Whether the league should he made with part of the 
 Princes, unless they were such as were strong enough to 
 weigh the rest; since otherwise tite King migM be put to 
 nnore charge in defending them than he should receive 
 commodity thereby. [Three pages!] 
 
 686. II. The opinions of the Commissioners upon each article. 
 These, disposing of the doubts, are all favourable to the 
 proposed league, save that in regard of Nos. 5 and 10, they 
 think it not good for the King to enter into any league 
 unless the Emperor and his successor Ferdinand are 
 parties to it. And they suggest, that for the moving of 
 the matter, Johti Frederick is tlie fittest p'r son to hear of it 
 first ; bccaufie as he cannot hut like, so he is better able to 
 farther it than they, having a man, Francis Burckhardt 
 [Durijarthiin], who has been thrice in England, as fit as 
 any in Germany to handle the subject. They might 
 perhapii bring it to pass that the Gernfians should seek the 
 league at the King's hands, and might entreat the King 
 of the Romans to it ; besides if the Emperor is dead, as 
 some think he is, they might prevail ivith Feirlinand. 
 Then luere the King of the Romans spoken to by 
 Frederick, he might communicate it to tlie Emperor, as ff 
 it were the desire of the Germans. And they conclude 
 that it is likely that Ferdinand, knowing his brothei''s 
 state, will practise what he can, and where he may, to pro- 
 cure (dl the friendship that is to be got ; wheirfoi'e, if they 
 neither speak for themselve:^ nor otho's for them, he may 
 upeed himself of such frivmlship as thereafter he shall 
 think their amity little needful. "He is already allied 
 hjl marriage of liis daughters with the Dukes of Bavaria 
 and of CI eves ; and now there is ii marriage concluded 
 between, the King of Pole and his daughter the Duchess 
 of Mantua, lie is enteemrd. a Prince of a right and good 
 'nature, true of liis irord, nutch careful of his honour, and 
 therefore is heloveil of Protestants and Papist.^. He 
 ira railed reri/ much with the Kmperor at Villach,that 
 the article of religion might jxiss ((s the Protestants did 
 desire ; and therefore will iiot, as ire think, much stick to 
 cuter into ant/ amity with England, notivithstanding our 
 religion." [Scuen pages.] 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 28 5 
 
 1553. 
 May 26. 
 Brussels. 
 
 May 31. 
 
 Brussels. 
 
 687. The Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby, and Sir Richard 
 Morysine to Secretaries Sir William Petre and Sir William Cecil. 
 According to instructions from the Council, have endeavoured to get 
 a copy of the league between the Empei'or and the Germans for 
 defence of the Low Countries, which, when obtained, shall be sent. 
 Think that if search is made among tlie books, a copy of the same 
 league, translated into Latin by Mount, and sent from Augsburg in 
 1548, will be found. Were right glad to hear by the Prince of 
 Piedmont that his Majesty is in good health, as it had been reported 
 here that he was dead. Last night the Prince had sent to them the 
 Ambassador of Savoy and a gentleman of his chamber to apprise 
 them of this, and of the gentle entertainment which his servant had 
 I'eceived from his Majesty, the Council, and the gentleman of the 
 Privy Chamber. On the 1 9th had written to the Council vid Ant- 
 werp, and beg that they may be informed by one of the clerks of the 
 I'eceipt of these, and such other letters as they may in future send that 
 way, for avoiding of charge to his Majesty. Send the intelligence of 
 things in Germany, as mentioned in their letter to the Council, but 
 omitted through haste. It is said that M.arquis Albert is at Tone- 
 vert on his way to Augsburg, there to visit the Fuggers, and to 
 correct them for their usury, wherewith they have undone all the 
 Princes of Germany. Have this afternoon been informed that the 
 Emperor is very well amended, and has appointed to be in person at 
 tlie diet assigned at Ulm on the 1st of August next. [Two pagesJl 
 Inclosed, 
 
 687. I. Letter frotn Heidelberg, I7th May 1553. Notices the suc- 
 
 cesses of Marquis Albert over the people of Nuremburg, 
 and of Henry Duke of Brunswick in the dioceses of 
 Munster, Paderborn, and Osnaburg. The latter has 
 compelled the three prelates to pay 260,000 dollars for 
 peace, and has taken one of the sees of the Bishop of 
 Munster for his own brother. \Latin. One page.] - 
 
 688. The Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby, and Sir Richard 
 Morysine to the Council. Are informed on good authority, that the 
 Emperor undoubtedly is alive, but he is so weak and pale as he 
 seems a very unlike man to continue. He covets to sit up and to 
 walk, and is sometimes led between two, with a staff also in his 
 hand ; but like as he desires to be thus a foot, so immediately 
 after he has been a little up, he nmst be laid down again, and feels 
 himself so cold, as by no means he can attain any heat. The Legate 
 here, has been advertised from France that the other Legate sent 
 there was not only met and received solemnly by the Cardinals, but 
 has had access twice to the King, and is so highly feasted and 
 entertained, that it grieves this Legate to tiiink how much his 
 entertainment here is contrary. Hitherto, besides having no 
 audience, whereby he keeps his house contrary to his desire, he has 
 had no other attention shown to him than two visits from D'Arras, 
 to pray him to be of patience. Wherefore, with snuffling countenance, 
 he has told some of those who resort to him, how he thinks himself 
 but homely handled. The Diet mentioned in their last is postponed 
 
286 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1553. 
 
 to the 16tli August. The Count Palatine, the three Bishops Electors, 
 ■with the Commissaries of the absentees, except those of Duke Maurice, 
 Duko of Brunswick and Mar([uis Albert, are now at Frankfort. It is 
 thouglit tliat tlie Manjuis will Ije present, having got a safe conduct; 
 its will all the rest, especially John l^'rederick, whose advice in the 
 greatest matters of their proceedings, the Emperor has instructed his 
 agents to usi;, and wiiose lodging is already prepared. It is reported 
 that Duke Maurice and thu Duke of Brunswick purpose to aid the 
 Bishops against Marquis Albert, the malice between the latter and 
 Maurice being so great, that Albert cannot bear to hear his name, 
 and denounces him as a violator of his oath and promise. Albert 
 having lost 300 men before Foreiiem, a town of the Bishop of 
 Bamberg, Las raised the siege and gone to Wynsham, a town 
 belonging to Nuremburg : this is contrary to the last accounts that 
 he was going to Augsburg. Send copy of the league between the 
 Emperor and the Empire; in which the Ducdtua Lothricld<B and 
 Marchionatus Sacri Imperii mean Lovain and its vicinity, and the 
 Marquisate of Antwerp. [Three pages.] 
 
 May 31. 689. The Council to the Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby, 
 [Greenwich.] and Sir Richard Morysine. Thank them for their letter of the 
 [26J, touching the matter of the league. A fortnight since his 
 Majesty has sent to the King of the Romans and Maximilian a 
 special man, the particular points of whose letters and instructions 
 shall be forwarded as a schedule herewith. Urge them to essay to 
 have speedy access to the Emperor, as Wotton and his colleagues in 
 France, in like manner, wait for their answer from Brussels. The 
 French King lately sent Secretary De L'Aubespine to visit his 
 Majesty, with whom he was on Sunday last, finding him well 
 gmended and in good case to speak with. Desire him to watch the 
 doings of Cardinal Dandino, who, although he has not jet had 
 access to the Emperor, may be occupied with some other practises. 
 [Three pages. Draft.] 
 
 May 31. 690. The same to Peter Vannes. Thank him for his sundry 
 [Greenwich?] letters, and request liim to continue his accustomed diligence. 
 His Majesty in his desire to arrange a peace had sent, as his Ambas- 
 sadors to the Emperor, the Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby 
 and Sir Richard Morysine; and to the French King Dr. Wotton, 
 Dean of Canterbury and York, Sir William Pickering, and Sir 
 Thomas Chaloner ; yet, because of the Emperor's long and great 
 sickness having prevented access- of the Ambassadoi-s and tiie Legates 
 of Rome, nothing is done yet of any consequence. As certain vain 
 and untrue rumour.s of tlie King's health have been prevalent and 
 may have n^'u^hed Venice, .signify to him that his Highness indeed has 
 been si(;k of a cold tiiUeii, and thereupon a, cough ensuing now of a 
 good s\)M-A) ; but, thanks to tlie lix-ing Cod, he is at this present 
 ])ast all danger and well amended, having of late given audience 
 liiinself both to the Fionch Ambassador and otliers also. [Two 
 ■/xiges (1.11(1 a half. JJnift.] 
 
 May 31. (I!)]. Same to Dr. Wotton, Sir William Pickering, and Sir 
 Thiiiuas C!lialoner. Altliough De L'Aubespine, who has seen his 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 287 
 
 1553. 
 
 May 
 [End of]. 
 
 June 4. 
 Brussels. 
 
 June 4. 
 Brassels. 
 
 Majesty, bears with liim a special letter of thanks, desire them to 
 wait upon the French King, and express his Majesty's gratitude for 
 the affection shown by the mission of De L'Aubespine. His Majesty 
 is very well amended, and in good towardness of perfect recoveiy 
 of his late indisposition. His Majesty will continue his efforts to 
 effect a peace between the French King and the Emperor. Instruct 
 them to watch the proceedings of the Cardinal Legate, to endeavour 
 to learn the object of his coming, and how he is likely to succeed 
 therein. [Bwft. Four pages.] 
 
 692. Plan of the town of Terouanne, with the position of the 
 besieging troops around it. [A j^en and ink sketch.] 
 
 G93. The Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby, and Sir Richard 
 Morysuie to the Council. Acknowledge their letters of 31st May, 
 with schedule of instructions sent towards the Kiijg^ of the Komans 
 and his son. These they think the best that could be devised, and 
 the time best chosen for beginning of that matter. Deeply regret 
 their prolonged abode here, for which the Emperor's sickness is made 
 a constant excuse. They cannot, without special orders from the 
 Council, state the offers, — which are rather demands — received from 
 the French Ambassador ; but by so communicating these unreason- 
 able demands it might be taken unkindly, and his Majesty alleged 
 not to tender the Emperor's honour therein so much as had been 
 pretended, whereupon such answer might be made as would be con- 
 trary to the King's expectation. Beseech that the Council will pre- 
 scribe to them whether to open to the Emperor, or for lack of him 
 to the Regent, these French offers as they be, or what else to do. . 
 Last Wednesday D' Arras besought them to have more patience, for 
 whereas the gout had left the Emperor's leg, so that he thought 
 himself almost well, now it was come into his hand that presently 
 he could attend to no business. This morning have been informed 
 by a German secretary of the Emperor that the Rhinegrave and 
 Rokerettj another German captain, are together levying troops in 
 the Landgravate of Hesse for service of the French King. [Three 
 pages.] 
 
 694. Same to Secretary Sir William Petre and Sir William Cecil. 
 Inclose letters for them received by Hoby from Mr. Sheres this 
 morning. Since making up their common letter to the Council this 
 afternoon they have been informed that the agent of the Fuggers 
 here has received letters from Augsburg of 30th ult., mentioning that 
 during the departure of Marquis Albert towaids Maurice, they of 
 Nuremburg marched upon two towns which the Marquis had taken 
 from them. The garrisons left there being unable to defend, aban- 
 doned the towns, carrying with them their ordnance ; but were pur- 
 sued by the Nuremburg cavalry, who took seven pieces of artillery 
 from them. On hearing of this, the Marquis returned with such 
 speed that he overtook the Nurem burgers, and not only recovered 
 his artillery, but got two other of their castles ; the one by composi- 
 tion, the other by force, in which he put all whom he found to the 
 sword. Request them to communicate these news to the Council. 
 [One page.] 
 
288 
 
 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1553. 
 
 June 5. 695. Signer Battiatadeir Insula to the Prince of Piedmont. Giving 
 
 Camp before a lucid account of the operations of the Imperial army against the 
 Tcrouanne. q^j.^. ^f Terouanno, the battering down of some of the strongest 
 works, the filling up of the ditch, and preparations by mining for a 
 general assault. Theii- artillery have beaten to the ground the 
 steeple of the church witiiin the town, which was very fair and of a 
 goodly height, as it looked over all the country round about, and 
 discovered whatsoever the besiegers did. Mons. Rieux is past reco- 
 very, he hath lost his speech and is in great pang.6, and so sore that 
 he will not continue in life till to-morrow. It -is understood that 
 the French make great preparations to succour the town. \Thiee 
 pages. Translation^ 
 
 June 9. G96. The Bishop of Norwich, Sir Pliilip Hoby, and Sir Richard 
 
 Brussels. Morysine, to the Council. Yesterday afternoon, about 5 o'clock, 
 they had audience of the Regent, by whom they were assured of 
 the Emperor's desire for peace, and his estimation of the King's 
 desire to procure such, but that offers must proceed from France. 
 Thereafter were brought to the Emperor in his privy chamber, 
 where they found him sitting with his feet on a stool looking very 
 pale, weak, lean and feeble, but nothing so ill as they had believed, 
 for his eye was lively enough, and his speech sensible. To-day 
 or to-morrow look to hear of access given to the Legate, of who&e 
 practices they have caused good search to be made, and find that 
 he is noticed and taken here to be French, and therefore not so 
 much regarded as he looked for. Besides he has to do with an 
 abbey which he should have in these parts, and with that and 
 dispensations is more occupied about his profit than about those 
 public matters which he pretends, or others of importance that 
 they can hear of Mount is still here, and as some of the princes 
 are already at Frankfort and the rest looked for, his being there 
 now might serve well for intelligence of those affairs. [Two pages 
 and a half, the greater portion printed hy Tytler, Vol. ii., p. 182.] 
 
 June 10. 697. The Council to the Bishop of Norwich, Sir Philip Hoby, 
 Greenwich, and Sir Richard Morysine. Acknowledge their lettere of 31st 
 May and 4th June. In absence of farther answer fi-om Fnmce, 
 they are to proceed upon their first instructions. Some merchants 
 have exhibited a supplication to the King, that wherea.s they have 
 always in time past had liberty to bring out of the Low Countries 
 any money of the coinage of otlier nations, tiiey have of late been 
 staid from that liberty upon a jnetenco of a new law made in the 
 last Parliament of England, for restraint of enrrving out any 
 kind of coin. Desire tiiat Hoby will explain to the Regent or 
 D'Arras that this is no new emu'tnient, but only a renovation of 
 an old one made in the realm beyond memory of man, so tliat the 
 merchants may enjoy their neeustonied liberty, whei-eby they may 
 be encouraged to continue iiieir us\ial tnilHes, and desire him to 
 inform them of such answer as he slii\ll receive when next he writes. 
 [Tiuo pages. Draff.'] 
 
 June 22. 698. Sir Thomas Clialoner to the Coimcil. Requests an increase 
 Poissy. of his allowance, as tiio scarcity of provisions, rents, and ordinary 
 
EDWAED VI. 289 
 
 1553. 
 
 charges are so increased by the wars, and the changes of the Court, 
 that it will be altogether impossible for him to maintain himself on 
 his present diets. [Two pages-l 
 
 June 23. 699. Dr. Wotton, Sir William Pickering, and Sir Tliomas Chaloner 
 Poissy. to the Council. Since the Queen's confinement the King has been 
 so much engaged in visiting, hunting, and amusements, that he did 
 not return to St. Germain until Friday last ; and then the Cardinal 
 Legate having audience, and remaining at the Court until Monday, 
 and the King going a hunting on the following day, had farther 
 deferred their having access to him until Wednesday last. Previous 
 to their having audience they dined with the Constable, among 
 whose other guests was M. de Boisdaulphin, who expressed himself 
 highly gratified by the treatment which he had received while in 
 England. In conversation the Constable gave a long and animated 
 account of the various assaults on Terouanne, and the repulse of the 
 Imperial troops. Among those who had particularly distinguished 
 themselves was one Grayer, an Englishman (whom the Constable 
 wondrously commended), Captain of the French King's light horse, 
 who had contrived to throw into the town at its severest pres- 
 sure 600 fresh soldiers, with ammunition, provisions, and medi- 
 cal supplies. After dinner they had audience of the King. His 
 Majesty stated that he had received intelligence of King Edward's 
 indisposition from Boisdaulphin, even about the same time that the 
 Queen, his wife, was in so great peril and danger by travail of her 
 late childbirth, as the surgeon was ready to have cut her open, in 
 case she should have died, for the saving of the child. Wherefore 
 being in a manner no less sorry for the one than for the other, it 
 moved him upon her good escape and deliverance to send De L'Au- 
 bespine to visit the King, his good son and brother, of whose good 
 recovery he has been and is very glad. His Majesty also mentioned 
 to them a report that the Prince of Spain had been murdered by one 
 of his servants while hunting, and that in consequence all passages 
 and ports in Spain, by land or sea, were stopped. Next day they 
 were informed by order of the Constable of the fall of Terouanne, 
 the tidings of which had arrived about supper-time the preceding 
 evening. It has been razed to the ground, and all its inhabitants 
 and garrison put to the edge of the sword. {Ten pages^ 
 
 June 25. 700. Sir Eichard Morysine to Sir William Cecil, Thanks Cecil 
 Brussels, that he made him his interpreter in Hoby's letters, and would gladly 
 expound three or four lines of Greek, if he would be good enough 
 to send them. His matter was unpleasant to them both ; they wish 
 to hear what the fulness of the moon has brought forth ; is there 
 hope or the contrary {in Greek) ? If he will have them write long 
 letters to him, he must write long ones to them, which tiU they 
 know more, know nothing at all. Assure them first that the King 
 lives and then he will see that they live {in OreeJe). In the mean 
 season, like mariners that have lost their masts, let faU. their anchors, 
 and know not where they shall be come, they stand upon the shore 
 and behold the ship, which still maketh profiler to go under the 
 waves. Help them if he can ; if not, put to them the rest. [One 
 page.} 
 
 T 
 
290 FOREIGN PAPERS. 
 
 1653. 
 
 June 26. 701. Dr. Valentine Dale to Sir William Petre. Has informed the 
 Eouen. Council of the order agreed and concluded by the French Commis- 
 sioners, touching the receiving of evidence in England relating to 
 the merchants' suits. [One page.] 
 
 [1651.] 
 
 ADDENDUM. 
 
 Aug. 6. Odet de Selve to [ ]. Wrote on the Ist inst. 
 
 Venice. Has received his correspondent's letters of the 28th ult., which he hasi 
 communicated to the Cardinal of Tournon, and sent a duplicate to the 
 Cardinal of Ferrara. Their horsemen of Parma, returning from 
 Keggio to Parma, encountered and defeated the light horsemen of the 
 Count della Novellara, and took a good number of prisoners. Two or 
 three days afterwards, on the same road, they met another company 
 of light horse of the camp of Don Ferrante, who accompanied the 
 Count Camillo Castiglione, a relative of the said Don Ferrante, by 
 him dispatched to the Pope, and defeated them, taking prisoner the 
 Count, with long and ample instructions, in which they have dis- 
 covered the plans of their enemies. Besides the Count, many Span- 
 iards were taken, some of whom are men of rank. Since that, being 
 advised that a fine and well-armed company of Spaniards was 
 coming from Milan to the Imperial Camp, they sent a good troop 
 of horse and foot, and. coming upon the others at a mile from 
 their camp, well mounted and fully harnessed, defeated them, 
 and served them so iU, that the lieutenant and ensign, with 75 
 others, were taken and the rest dispersed. Their captain was not 
 there ; so much the better for him. There was great booty for the 
 soldiers, as well baggage as merchandise for the camp, with all 
 which their people returned safely home. Since the last day of 
 July, hearing that the four ensigns of Spaniards at Montecchio, 
 distant from Parma 8 m., were posted in a place easy of attack, 
 their people went there. Although they foimd the Spaniards in a 
 difficult position, they attacked them at two points so fiercely that 
 150 were cut to pieces, and the rest only saved themselves by 
 escaping into the fortress. All this balances the capture of Messrs. 
 D'Andelot and De Sipiers. The troops of the Pope who were 
 before Mirandola are diminished, and diminish daily. It is thought 
 that they are reducing themselves to a iniuimiOHtoholdone, two, or 
 three forts, by which they hope to keep Slirandola in a state of siege. 
 It is not heard that more than one fort is as yet finished. Don Ferrante 
 di8churg().s Uie Italians. It is true that instead, he can have the 4,000 
 Germans wlio arc already in tlio.sc quarters, and some 2,000 Spaniards, 
 witli 400 cir 500 hoin'incii ; with these he M-ould make war on Parma 
 and the ParnieH.iii, whom itseeins the Holy Father has still " en sa 
 niiuiclio." Thinkn the late news will have a little astonished him ; 
 for just as ho insolently rejoiced over a little prosperity, so it is 
 likely iliat a, good touch of the whip will make him sing out pretty 
 loud. One thing thoy are assured of daily by all their people in 
 Parma and Mirandola, that is, that tliey need have no doubts at 
 
 (I 
 
EDWAED VI. 291 
 
 1551. 
 
 all. The army of the Grand Signer, as appears by advices of the 
 25th ult., is bombarding Malta. Many think that, by reason of the 
 famine there this year and the unexpected arrival of that army, 
 it might, being ill-provisioned, be easily lost, if the Turks were 
 determined upon it. God knows what neighbours the Emperor 
 would have there. Christendom will be much beholden to him 
 for the taking of Africa, which would have given us this great 
 blessing. They have news here from his Majesty, who informs 
 them of the conclusion of the marriage of his eldest daughter with 
 the King of England. Advices from Boulogne of the 3d inst. state 
 that the French troops in Parma have taken the Count Julian 
 Anguscioli, one of the conspirators and accomplices in the mui-der 
 of the late Duke of Piacenza. [French. Ttvo pages.] 
 
 T 2 
 
CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 ] 546-7. 
 Jan. 29. 
 
 Boulogne. 
 
 1547—1552. 
 
 1. William Lord Grey of Wilton to Sir William Paget. Thanks 
 him for his letter in partial reply to others sent. As for the one of 
 the same tenor as that sent to the Deputies of Calais and Newhaven, 
 mentioned as being conveyed to Mr. Aiicher [Sir Anthony] for 
 transmission liither, he has not received it. Nevertheless Is no less 
 vigilant in his charge than if he had ; but some one must be in fault. 
 Has this day heard from one of his espials that as yet no men of 
 war are levied in France, but M. de Rieux is commissioned to 
 assemble 6,000 foot with all speed. Knows not wherefore, but has 
 sent forth another espial, and hopes to ascertain particulars in three 
 or four days. Incloses declarations of tlie numbers of men of war 
 in wages, and of the inhabitants in the country under his charge, 
 as well as in the towns of High and Bas Boulogne ; also of the 
 (juantity of Autuals received from Mr. Aucher since the 1st inst, 
 with the remainder of the whole of all kinds (all missing\ Of 
 these they have often so small a quantity that they think if his 
 Majesty would pay them monthly, or every second month at 
 fiirthest, and make here but a mass of corn, only suflFering such 
 victuallers as choose to come hither to pass and repass without .im- 
 peachment, and ordering that a certificate shall be returned imder a 
 penalty to the customer under his Lordship's hand of its delivery, 
 they should be better victualled, and his Majesty be at less cliarge. If 
 Paget can effect this he will minister to tiiem a wonderful wealth, 
 and secure the prayers of many a poor man. [Tvo ^Kiges.] 
 
 Jan. 29. 2. Sir Thomas I'alnier to the I 
 
 Saturday, 3 p.in. about 2 p.m., W 
 Dover 
 
 oUlU'll 
 
 as, oil LTiu 
 
 — - On arriving hei'e to-day 
 
 .^..^^v _ ,,....., „...,, w.i ^u'lnrc aboard to take his passage, staid by the 
 Mayor, by virtue of letter iVom tlieir Lordships. Requests to know 
 his Majesty's pleasure wliether lie sliall mss or no. as Messi-s. 
 Bridges and BeekwiMi, who came bu 
 suH'enH] to do S(i. 
 
 pass or no, 
 an hour before him, were 
 
 ''"''3. ."!. Lord (Jn^y to same. .Viidivji ih> Ixey lies, «u Albanian captain, 
 
 Boulogne, who seive.l Inniierly iiiider liim at (iiiisnes, has, since being dis- 
 charn-ed, reiiiaiiied in 1^'laiiders, not being allowed to return to 
 his own u.iuntiy. Now hearing a rumour that the French in- 
 tend to war witli England, lu- Jms refused a continual stipend 
 from the Regent, and olloroil to servo his Majesty, being able to 
 
EDWARD VI. 293 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 raise, if need be, two horsemen of his own notion. Volland van 
 der Ley, who also served under him at Guisnes, and is now at 
 Frankfort, has likewise refused a life-entertainment from the Em- 
 peror, and sent a German to oflfer his services to his Majesty, He 
 can raise either 1,000 or 2,000 foot, whichever of these numbers 
 may be wished. Desires to know his Majesty's pleasure herein. 
 [One page.^ 
 
 Feb. 3. 4, Sir Thomas Palmer to Sir William Paget. Bequests Paget 
 
 Old Man. wjn have in remembrance his exchange which the King promised 
 him at Mr. Howard's. It shall be no loss to his Majesty and a 
 great commodity to him : if obtained, will trouble his Majesty with 
 no more suits. May believe that there is some, and that makes 
 him thus earnest. Desires to be commended to Lady Paget, [One 
 page.] 
 
 Feb. 4. 5. Sir John Wallop to same. Since his letters of the 29th ult. 
 
 Guisnes. has again sent into the borders of Picardy and Artois, but 
 cannot perceive any assembly of French troops more than is 
 ordinary between this and Paris. Has learnt from Flanders that 
 strict command is given that all the imperial borders of Artois shall 
 within nine days thrash out their corn and bring their store into 
 St. Omer and other like places. Also order has just been made 
 that all strangers in the towns shall be reported after the manner 
 used in Calais, and men are being severally enrolled for the better 
 strengthening of the garrisons. The same bruit continues in regard 
 to the Swiss, who appear by the Grand Master's letter to be in 
 readiness, and that the French King should say they were made for 
 the aid of the Queen of Scots or for Boulogne, and nothing meant 
 again.st the Emperor. The Burgundians say he assembles them for 
 fear of the Emperor revenging his practices at Genoa and Milan ; 
 which doubts the other will most appear hereafter. This opinion 
 of the Burgundians shows that the French King means nothing bat 
 well to his Majesty ; but should these sudden storms of war, which 
 now be calmed here, rise again, he shall with all celerity give 
 notice of them. Eequests he will obtain a letter from the Council 
 to Dr. Wotton, to complain to the French King or the Admiral of 
 Messrs. Blerencourt, Vass^, and Dampone, who detain from him 500 
 crowns for prisoners, and for which they are bound both by promise 
 on honour and letters obligatory. Blerencourt's debt has been due 
 for nearly two years and the others for one. They daily make fair 
 promises, as does Marshal du Biez, to whom he has complained, but 
 with no result. The bearer, Guisnes [Henry Fellows, pursuivant 
 extraordinary], carries with him the vouchers. Notwithstanding 
 the appearance of calm, deems it necessary that labourers, masons, 
 and carpenters, should be sent over to repair the castle and out- 
 works, especially the ditches. Has several times mentioned this to 
 the surveyor, who says he will shortly go to England and name it 
 to his Majesty and the Council ; yet in the meantime requests him 
 to write for the carpenters and masons, as none can be spared from 
 Calais, which the Lord Deputy affirms. The water of the outer 
 ditches before Burton's bvdwark is so much fallen, and a shelp or 
 hard sand grown so nigh to the front of the said bulwark, that a 
 
294 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 Feb. 4. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 Feb. 4. 
 Newhaven. 
 
 man may stand upon it and in a manner look into the loops. This 
 he would now stop if he could get any masons, although the water 
 were deep enough, and will keep none open but the flankers. [Three 
 
 6. Lord Grey and Council at Boulogne to the Council. Upon the 
 credit of Sirs John Bridges, Leonard Beckwith and Thomas Palmer, 
 have surveyed all the defences, and although a report of their state, 
 and the store of victuals and stowage, has been recently sent to 
 Paget, they make a special one in reference to each piece, as will 
 appear by the inclosed schedules (missing). They find in the upper 
 and lower town, the remainder of the little victuals that they have 
 for the whole pieces : at Boulogneberg, no stowage either for powder 
 and munition, or for victuals. Wlierefore they have caused one 
 vault with a house over it to be put in hand already, and mean with 
 all possible diligence to have up another; and having lack of labourers 
 for doing this, and for repairing the ramparts, vamures, ditches, and 
 bulwarks there, they have withdrawn from the Old Man some part 
 of the labourers, and as soon as the hou.ses shall be ready, they shall 
 store them with powder and munition, wine-sacks, biscuit, herrings, 
 and other necessaries, sufficient for two months at least, if they shall 
 have it so to do. The Old Man is equally deficient in stowage, but 
 as speedily as they can it shall be remedied in like manner for the 
 same space of time. But iis for these and the other requirements 
 they have so few labourers, they wish that more may be sent, because 
 the pieces being imperfect, the weakness of one ma}- peril another. 
 The Young Man remains in his old state, and nothing done thereto. 
 Repeat the suggestions of Lord Grey, in his letter of 29th ult., as to 
 the better and more economical provisioning of the forts. The 
 artillery and munition last sent not having yet arrived, they do not 
 report upon the supply of the pieces, but on their being received 
 they shall distribute them, and inform their Lordships what else shall 
 be needed. Meanwhile their chief lack is money, victuals, and 
 labourers. They have perused New Haven and Blackness, and 
 found both imperfect ; at the latter is stowage for four months, but 
 no kind of victuals, and the latter lacks both stowage and victuals. 
 Signed by Lord Grey, John Bridges, Edwai-d Dymock, Leonard 
 Beckwith, Richard Windebank, Henry Palmer, Thomas Palmer, 
 James Croft, Nicholas Arnold, Adrian Poynings, and Edward Dudley. 
 [Four pages.] 
 
 7. William Lord Stourton, Sir Richard Cavendish, and Adrian 
 Stockes (Council at Newhaven), to tlio same. Sir Richard Caven- 
 dish has made a siu-vey ofNewliaven, ;uid the want* requiring to be 
 supplied arc contained in the onclo.sed schedules (ni(W/re(/). There 
 is sufficient stowage of vicl-uMls for one mouth for the men here at 
 prcHciit ; but in am', of war, tliey Mould ro(iuire a thousand more, 
 and victuals acconlinj^ly, with places tlierein for the same. Re- 
 quest tliat with expedition shall be n])pointed such as shall eflfectually 
 in this need see the accdinplishment of the same ; and in the mean- 
 time, m tliQ Jort is very imi)erreet, that 700 labourers shall be 
 sent. Farther, in consideration of their long lack of payment (to 
 the no little misery of the poor soldiers serving here) beseech 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 295 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 Feb. 4. 
 Blackness. 
 
 Feb. 6. 
 Calais. 
 
 Feb. 6. 
 Tower of 
 London. 
 
 that they ■ may now have one entire pay, whereby they may be 
 the better able to serve, and the like distress be avoided in time 
 coming. [Four pages.] 
 
 8. Lord Stourton, and Council at Newhaven, to the Council. 
 Send returns of the ordnance and munitions here (Tnissing). In case of 
 war will require 500 more soldiers. Eequest that 400 labourers may 
 b6 sent forthwith, and payment according during their work from time 
 to time, the lack of which has much letted in that behalf the speedy 
 furtherance heretofore. Should his Majesty's intention continue con- 
 cerning the mole, without which this piece will be more chargeable 
 than necessary, through default of carriage, the estimate in the schedule 
 applicable thereto will require to be altered. In consideration of 
 the men having been unpaid, Lord Stourton has been obliged to 
 provide all kind of apparel for them, and is personally bound for the 
 payment ; request therefore they may now have an entire pay. There 
 is Stowage of provision' sufficient for four months for the present 
 number here; hope soon to have more ample space for the same 
 purpose. Have made such delivery of wood to the brewers and other 
 victuallers, that they are almost clear without, and if they have 
 not speedy redress therein, they shall soon be utterly destitute. If 
 the King's affairs here are to be speedily accomplished, remember- 
 ing, through want of a haven, the charge of laud carriage, their 
 Lordships must advance money for the provision of horses, mares, and 
 waggons of his Majesty's own, whereby his cost will be minished. In 
 meantime, request they will write to Lord Cobham, that his Majesty 
 may be served with waggons out of the Low Country here, for want 
 of which his affairs are not a little hindered. Albeit, for every .load 
 fi'om Hambeltue [Ambleteuse] hither, the waggoners receive three 
 shillings and four pence, yet where by Lord Cobham's mandatum 
 they should many times receive ten, instead thereof, they can have 
 but five for his Majesty's use. They are in greater misery here 
 than any others on this side of the sea ; for while others pay only 
 four sliillings for a barrel of [ale ?], they pay for the most part six 
 shillings and four pence ; and for bread often thirty shillings the 
 quarter, others paying but eighteen ; and as much for the carriage 
 of wood by land as it is worth in value. The poor soldiers are now 
 thoroughly unprovided of harness. With an entire pay will take 
 such order that every man will be able to furnish himself : urge 
 an advance of this. [Three pages.] 
 
 9. George Lord Cobham to the Earl of Hertford, Lord Great 
 Chamberlain of England. The French and the Emperor levy men in 
 divers places, and M. de Vendeville, captain of Gravelines, also levies 
 500 men, which seems most strange, having heard that he has not 
 done the like in any time of war. In consideration of the heavy and 
 grievous news of the King's death, which causes them to have dolorous 
 hearts, requests to know his Lordship's pleastire what order they shall 
 take to express and show outwardly the mourning which in their 
 hearts they have already conceived ; that is to say, whether they 
 shall wear mourning apparel or not. [One page.] 
 
 10. The Lord Protector and Council to Lord Stourton* and' the 
 Council at Newhaven. Orders have been given to the Treasurer of 
 Boulogne for payment of the garrisons of Newhaven and Blackness 
 
296 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 for four months, " or at the least as far forth as 2,500Z. will stretch." 
 This sum has been sent to the Treasurer, who will pay Lord 
 Stourton and others H[ic;uially named in the schedule such diets 
 and wages as are therein mentioned. The pay of 6d. per diem 
 to all the other soldiers shall Le delivered to Lord Stourton 
 and Sir Richard Cavendish, to bo by them distributed to the said 
 soldiers ; proper books being kept by them of the numbers of the 
 men, and of the days of their entry into wages, which, duly 
 signed and delivered to the Treasurer, shall be his sufficient discharge. 
 Are also to cause monthly musters be made at Newhaven and 
 Blackness on such days and times as musters are made at Boulogne, 
 of every which muster the Clerk Comptroller shall make a book to 
 be signed by Lord Stourton and two others of the Council there, 
 which shall be sufficient discharge to the said Treasurer of Boulogne, 
 by whom all extraordinary charges for the King's service shall be 
 paid by warrant directed to him from Lord Stourton and other two 
 of the Council. [Minute. Ove page and a half.] 
 
 Feb. 7. 11. Same to tlie Customers of all the ports, Desire them to publish 
 
 a proclamation permitting the free exportations of grain and vic- 
 tuals to Calais, Boulogne, or Newhaven, taking from the exporters 
 sufficient bond with sureties to the double value of their lading, and 
 receiving certificates under the hands of the deputy at each place 
 that such exports have been properly unladen and bestowed there 
 and not elsewhere. Warn them under pain of exemplary punish- 
 ment, to beware of suiferance and light handling, whereby the 
 revenue has been defrauded. [JHhiute. Onepage^ 
 
 Feb. 5, 12. Lord Cobham and Council at Calais to the Council. Yester- 
 
 Calais. day afternoon the Emperor's post arriving out of England, declared 
 to them the death of the King their late master, " which were to us 
 all the most dolorous and lamentable news that ever we received ; 
 for there were never any gentlemen that did lose so loving a master, 
 nor never subjects that did lose so precious a sovereign lord, nor so 
 prudent a governor." Desire to know whether they ai-e to retain 
 their respective offices. Meanwhile as the last letters from their 
 Lordships announced that in consideration of the powers of the Em- 
 peror and the French King being both ready levied and up, they 
 thought meet to send hither a crew of 500 men, they tliinkthat this 
 most pitiful chance being joined to lliese eonsiderations, that number 
 should be increased to at least duublo. The town is at present very 
 slenderly furnished of all kinds of victuals, nuilt only excepted. 
 " Some of these whicli were ajipointed purveyore for the town, having 
 made their provisions of clieese and butter in Sutfoik, and of beeves 
 in Kent, tlie same have been taken Worn them by such as have had 
 commission to provide i'or other place,-!." 'J'herefore request such 
 redress and njieedy ln^l]) for their better furniture of victuals as shall 
 Hccm most cxi)e(lient. Sifj;ned by Lord Cobham, John Fogge, Edwai-d 
 liiaye, liWottoii, E. Someiset, Friuieis Hall, and William Sympson. 
 \T'im) /xxjea.] 
 
 Feb. 7. 13. The Lord I'loteelor nnd Council to the Lord Deputy and 
 
 Council at Calais. In conse(juence of their letters complaining of 
 
EDWARD VI. 297 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 the want of provisions, the Council have opened all the ports to 
 allow of victuals being imported to the forts of Calais, &c., on the 
 conditions mentioned in the preceding minute. They are desired 
 to discharge the duties of their offices until the King's farther plea- 
 sure is notified to them, and to supply the pieces at Newhaven and 
 Blackness with carriages for the conveyance of fuel and other 
 materials. [Minute. Draft, fartlij autograph of Petre. One 
 page.] 
 
 Feb. 7. 14. Lord Cobham to the Lord Protectoi*. Through his Lordship's 
 Calais. mediation had obtained licence from the late King to repair into 
 England, of which at the time he did not avail himself Now, per- 
 ceiving that his Lordship may grant him the like licence, requests 
 that he will do so, if but for ten days, not only for the dispatch of 
 certain urgent business, but also for the desire which he has to see 
 the King now his master. [One pa,ge.~\ 
 
 Feb. 7. 15. Same to Sir William Paget. The Imperialists daily levy 
 
 Calais. men, and yesterday the musters were taken at Gravelines, as he 
 is informed by one of this town who saw them. The Lady Ke- 
 gent has come to Arras, with the intention of visiting the frontiers ; 
 on Saturday last the Grand Master went with her from St. Omer. 
 Is informed from Antwerp that the Duke of Saxony has lately pre- 
 vailed against Duke Maurice. Twelve Scottish ships have lately 
 been freighted at Dieppe with ordnance, shot, and powder for Scot- 
 land. Yesterday 60 of the 500 soldiers appointed hither arrived ; 
 these he has sent to Guisnes to be under the charge of Mr. Basset, 
 and to help to make up the vamure of the town towards Hampnes, 
 which was left unfinished when Lord Grey left. These soldiers were 
 slenderly set forth, the most of them being unfurnished with weapons, 
 and those who were prest at the greatest distance having received 
 only one shUling apiece to bring them hither, and the others only 
 eightpence. Yesterday, Francisco Bernardo arrived here, slept at 
 Wallop's, and thence to France. Sends herewith intelligence of him 
 of Corbie [a spy]. Begs to know whether he shall write his news as 
 hitherto to Paget, or to the Protector, or the Coimcil. Has written 
 to the Protector a letter to like efi'ect as the present. [One page and 
 a half] Inclosure, 
 
 15. I. On 26 January the King and Council at Villers- 
 Cote-Retz gave commission to two Swiss Captains of in- 
 fantry to raise 18,000 foot, and money to go soon after 
 into Italy with 22,000 more French infantry. De Bonnivet 
 is their colonel; De Tez is commander of the Artillery, 
 without relation to the men^at-arm,s, and light horse, 
 which likewise are to go there about the middle of March. 
 Artillery and all sorts of munitions are in active pre- 
 paration for Marseilles, Bordeaux, Brittany, Picardy, 
 and other places. All the captains of infantry from 
 every part of the King's dominions have been ordered to 
 the Court, and have instructions to raise infantry, as 
 soon as they shall receive orders, for Picardy and else- 
 vjhere. The Seigneur de Belfiorier is colonel of the in- 
 fantry for Picardy. All the captains of the men-at-arms 
 
298 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1646-7. 
 
 Feb. 7. 
 
 Newhaven. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 Feb. ,S. 
 (jiiisnes. 
 
 cmd Ught horse have been ordered to the Cov/rt, and 
 commanded to make musters at the end of this month. 
 12,000 muids of wheat, and 10,000 puncheons of wme 
 ara to be sent to Abbeville, Montreuil, Terouanne, and 
 Ardres, early in April, and part of the money has been 
 paid to the Commissaries. 20,000 muids of wheat are to 
 be sent to Marseilles and its vicinity for supplying the 
 Turk. Last December, at Folenberq [Folembray] the 
 King swore, on the honour of a gentleman, that before 
 the feast of St. John was past he should have again his 
 town of Boulogne, or be King of England, else perish in 
 the attempt. [French. One page and a half.] 
 
 1 6. Lord Stourton to the Council. Yesterday received their let- 
 ters and proclamation of the King, -whereby he is apprised of the 
 decease of his late Majesty. Trusts the son may follow the worthy 
 steps of his most noble and redoubtable father. Will endeavour 
 to discharge the duties entrusted to him to the uttermost of 
 his power. Begs they wLU consider the want of money and victuals 
 expressed in his last. 
 
 P.S. — Has sent for the surveyor of the works frequently, but he 
 has failed in his promise five times, and this day sent to say that 
 he could not tell when he should come, wherefore has taken the 
 labourers from working on a ditch on the base town, and set 
 them about the making of false trenches in the ditches against the 
 mounts, which, in his opinion, and that of most men of war, is as 
 great a strength to the fort as to have 200 men more. Should the 
 surveyor feel himself aggrieved they will please to consider the case 
 as above said. Has also set 100 soldiers to assist in the work, and 
 promised them payment, for which, when time comes, they will 
 please to see him discharged. [Two pagas?^ 
 
 17. The Council to the Council at Calais. The bearer, Hugh 
 Smith, has been appointed to have the leading of 100 hagbutters, 
 and the levying of 200 other soldiers, whom he is ordered to convey 
 to Calais for employment where they shall think meet For 
 these men he has received a fortnight's advance of money for 
 costs, conduct, transportation, and wages, at the rate of 8d. sterling 
 ver diem for each hagbutter, and 6rf. each for the other soldiers. 
 Desire them to assign to every 100 a captain, a petty captain, and 
 standard-bearer, at the rate of 4s. ^)cr diem to each captain, 2.^. to the 
 petty captain, and Is. to the standard-bearer. The like pay is to be 
 given to 200 more men about to be sent. Desire to be informed 
 whether any of the said 200 have arrived, and that they shall 
 deliver to Smith 1 00 harquebuses nt reasonnblo prices, deducting for 
 such a reasonable proportion monthly from the wages of each man. 
 I One 2'",7<3. Miinilc.J 
 
 18. Sir John Wal]o]i to Sir William Paget Since sending his 
 servant, John Clerk, with siu-li newsiishcliadlearnedofMons.de 
 Kienl.x, had writh^n Hovonil letters eoneerning the movements of the 
 Froneii, and that the liasty manner of their assembly was somewhat 
 calmed, although tliey were in readiness. Yesterday, had written 
 to the Lord Protector of their pre ])n rations, and that Francisco 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 299 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 Feb. 8. 
 Boulogneberg. 
 
 Feb. 8. 
 Bas Bovilogne. 
 
 Feb. 9. 
 Blackness. 
 
 Feb. 10. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 Bernardine being here he had sent one of his meu with him to 
 Montreuil to see what could be learned. To day he has returned, 
 bringing with him an English merchant from Rouen, who shows 
 that there is no stirring of n\en betwixt this and that, and that his 
 Majesty's death had been heard of eight or ten days ago. The mer- 
 chant will inform Paget of any farther communication. Divers who 
 spoke with his man who went to Montreuil made great bragging after 
 their fashion. Last night the Lord Deputy sent here 60 footmen 
 from Kent, right tall men, and wrote that he is to send more soon. 
 Is the more glad of this, because they of Ardres have now enrolled 
 all the men-of-arms they have in this country not yet taken into the 
 town, but suffered to till their lands, and more ploughs sent within 
 these two days. Heard that on Sunday came to Ardres 80 or 100 
 horsemen armed, but since finds this is not true. [Two pages.l 
 
 19. Nicholas Arnold to Sir William Paget. Requests his interfer- 
 ence in a matter of difference between him and Sir Richard Lee, the 
 particulars of which shall be explained by the bearer. [Half a page.} 
 
 20. Adrian Poynings to same. Requests his assistance in arrang- 
 ing his private affairs. A great part of his living standing in 
 hazard is like to be lost, unless Paget puts to it his favourable 
 and helping hand, considering that the person from whom he must 
 receive it is unable by the bondage of the Statute to make other 
 than a life grant. A redress of the Statute will not only be a 
 personal benefit to him and a number of poor men, but be a good 
 assistance of all such grants that his lord shall make hereafter ; 
 so that his lord has as much cause to desire the i-emedy of it as all 
 his tenants and farmers, seeing his commodity is like to be greatest. 
 [One page.l 
 
 21. Sir Richard Cavendish to the Council. Expresses his great 
 regret for the death of the late King, whom for 34 years he has 
 most faithfully served ; so much so that since his first coming to 
 Dover to serve his Majesty there, now seven years ago, he could 
 never have one day to take order for his profit in his poor living. 
 Requests permission to repair to the Court to have his commission 
 renewedby his present Majesty and to confer with their Lordships in 
 reference to his charges. [Two pxges-] 
 
 22. Lord Grey to the Lord Protector. Has received from his 
 espials in France the following intelligence : — Their galleys are in 
 the Seine. The Germans in the French service have gone to Scot- 
 land. The horsemen under M. de Querquie, who were sent with 
 others " to frontier the Imperialists," have not returned. M. de Biez 
 is at Biez. No rumour of wars but at Davresne [Devre]. Fourteen 
 Scotch ships are at Dieppe, Rouen, and Hableneuf [Havre de Grace] 
 where they are being laden with ordnance and munition, and will 
 sail for Scotland shortly. 
 
 P.S. Since writing the above has received by Sirs Hugh Poulet 
 and John Harington divers letters from the Council, and amongst 
 them one touching the entertainment of Captain Andrea. Desires 
 to have his Lordship's pleasure touching VoUand Van der Ley. 
 Almaine. Several Frenchmen have secretly left this territory for 
 Davresne, with all .their ^oods and chattels ; this he takes to be a 
 token of war. [One page.] 
 
300 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1546-7. 
 Feb. 10. 
 
 Calais. 
 
 Feb. 12. 
 
 Guisnes. 
 
 23. Lord Cobham to Sir William Paget. To-day an Englishman 
 arrived out of France, who on Monday last, being at Rouen, saw 20 
 galleys lying reafly in the river there, of which it was reported some 
 are to be sent to Scotland; and every garrison town which he passed 
 had artillery recently iiiounted upon the walls. The preparations 
 by the French do not ajjjiear to be so great as rumour makes them 
 to be ; for having lately sent a messenger to Sourssone [Soissons ?], 
 where a great number of men of war wei(3 reported to be assembled, 
 he is now informed that there are none. Has this day received the 
 proclamation of Richard Brooke, which has remained at Dover four 
 days by reason of contrary weather. Has addressed letter of im- 
 port similar to this to the Lord Protector, to whom and to Paget 
 he will write severally until he has knowledge of their pleasure in 
 that behalf [One f",'/''] 
 
 24. Sir John Wallop to same. Thanks him for his most gentle 
 and comfortable letter of the 6th inst. and for his having remem- 
 bered him to the Protector and Council, from whom he has received 
 a letter this day, with answer to the article of carpenters, masons, 
 and labourers that he most desired. Two days ago had written to 
 him by a merchant from Rouen, who mentioned that the vessels being 
 rigged there were reported to lie bound foi- Estaple ; but this day has 
 received a letter from Padilla at St. Omer, showing that these are 
 meant for another purpose, as he will see by the said letter inclosed. 
 Padilla is the same person who wrote to him of the marching of 6,000 
 French, which finding to be untrue, he had in his answer touched him 
 roundly. Padilla in his reply excuses himself by saying that he 
 learned it from the captain of St. Omer. If these news be true they 
 are of importance. Trusts that the soldiers to be sent will be placed 
 under his charge, as all the others were, except when Lord Grey was 
 made General by reason of the hurt of his leg. Begs that Paget will 
 set tliis forth for his sako. [One jjage and u half.] Inclosing, 
 
 24. 1. Letter from Padilla, St. Omer, FehruaryW. Has been informed 
 by « Spaniard, lately prisoner in the French galleys, 
 that naval preparations are 'joing on fast; 23 galleys 
 and one galiotare being rigged out at Rouen, and much 
 artillery is sent down the river from Paris, and the gene- 
 ral opinion among the captains of thc^c vessels is that 
 their dc.^tiiiaiion, is Scotland. He had also seen about 
 10,000 pioneer.'^ iint.'iterrd, tclio are soon to come to fortify 
 the froidicrs, mich as Edaplc and Hie forts ; but it is 
 privately said to hiild a fort where they had previously 
 coivmenced one, aitd which had been objected to by the 
 h'lir/linh. ]}<'lieves ivhat the man said to be strictly true. 
 As for thc.yiu celling of the (I.OOO men, in regard to which 
 his vrrdcily has hern impugned by 'iVallop, assures him 
 tlaU. lie. heard it fnon. (lie captain of the torcn, who said 
 one of his people had seen them, and therefoi^e Padilla 
 considered it a duty to infoiin him. Offers to serve his 
 Majesty, andio bring withhim 20 Spanish soldiers; and 
 if^ there is no certain intelligence of war begs a place for 
 himself and a cousin, whom he has with him, in the 
 ■■ineiinwhile. [French. Two pcw/es,] 
 
EDWAED VI. 
 
 301 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 Feb. 13. 
 
 Calais. 
 
 Feb. 1.3. 
 
 Calais. 
 
 Feb. 13. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 25. Lord Cobham to the Lord Protector. Yesterday a French- 
 man arrived here, and being at host with one Parret mentioned to 
 him his wish to see Cobham to spealc for certain secret overture. 
 This morning had sent for him, when he stated in presence of the 
 Treasurer of the town, that his name was St. Ligiers, born at St. 
 Ligiers, in France, had been one of the French King's Guards, and at 
 request of M. do Lorge had accompanied him to Scotland, where by ap- 
 pointment of the Governor and De Lorge he had been made captain of 
 Hume castle, which he kept at the time when tlie Protector invaded 
 Scotland, and lie recovered, as he says, the castle of Lanton [Langton] 
 and Isbec at same time. But, contrary to promise, having received 
 no reward for his long service, and having spent all his own money, 
 amounting to 300 crowns, he left Scotland last June, arriving at 
 Dieppe, and remaining in his native place till Allhallowmas, when 
 he went to the Fi'ench Court, trusting to have some reward 
 either from the King or De Lorge. Being unsuccessful, he went 
 shortly before Christmas to Antwerp, intending to offer his services 
 to his Majesty's Ambassador there. But being confined for a month 
 with severe illness, he altered his intention and has come here to 
 make that offer, having, as he says, practised in many wars, as 
 well in Italy, France, Germany, as in Scotland, and knowing all the 
 holds and strengths in Scotland and how to win them, he thinks he 
 can do better service to his Majesty than to any other. He farther 
 says, that having with him eight gunners, four of these being can- 
 noniers and the other four harquebusiers, provided that they be not 
 known in Scotland, and talk French, he dares undertake to win Hume 
 castle for his Majesty, and will ask no reward until the enterprise is 
 achieved. The man is of a tall personage, very well spoken, and 
 desirous to serve the King ; and will remain here until he knows his 
 Lordship's pleasure. Requests to be informed how they shall order 
 him, with such celerity as shall be thought expedient, as the man is 
 at this present needy of money. [Two pages.] 
 
 26. Same to Sir William Paget. A verbatim copy of the 
 preceding letter to the Protector in reference to St. Ligiers. [Two 
 pages.] 
 
 27. Lord Grey to the Lord Protector. Several French fishermen 
 at Rouen and Dieppe, who formerly resided here while occupied by 
 the French, have requested permission to remove with their 
 wives, families, and boats, and exercise their vocation here. 
 Having given them no definite answer, requests to know what he 
 shall say to them. A soldier has come here from the fort to secret 
 entertainment. He is a very good cannonier, and has not only 
 drawn a plat of the fort, showing therein the sort of the watch and 
 its division in quarters to the charge of captains, but also written 
 down the number of the soldiers and the quantity of victuals. 
 Sends them (missing) that his Lordship may perceive they are more 
 privy to their neighbours' estate than careful for the half of their 
 wants. "A Frenchman of late coming hither for killing of a man in 
 his country (as he says), which since seemeth false, having warning 
 by me to depart, suddenly conveyed himself away from the fort 
 taking with him a cape of one Francis de Benyon, French, one of 
 
302 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1546-7. ~~ ^ ^ 
 
 our guides here ; who hearing tell that he was at the foi-t, sent him 
 word lie was a thief, and of likelihood a spy also, for that he 
 depiutocl so unhoiH;8tly ; who answered again by writing yesterdajy 
 in the morning, that lie did lie, and that he would prove it upon his 
 body, offering to come down to the sands on the far side, and to 
 bring with him two swords and two capes, willing him to meet him 
 there at nine of the clock following, to try this quarrel. Which 
 Francis coming to ask me leave, and seeing he could not speak 
 with me, for that indeed I was not well at ease, thinking he should 
 take shame if he should fail his hour, which then drew nigh apace, 
 went thither and there found the said Frenchman, accompanied with 
 five gentlemen of the fort, who had brought with him accordingly 
 two swords and two capes. And either of them choosing his father 
 and having a sword and a cape, being in his hose and doublet, un- 
 armed in any point, joined together, where the said Francis poli- 
 ticly traversed both for the advantage of the ground and sun, not 
 striking vainly but with advantage also, so as at the last he with a 
 feign hit the other about the upper part of the thigh, wherewith he 
 fainted and called for his father, who according to the appointment 
 among themselves made, would not answer, but let them alone. 
 And then again the said Francis stroke him in the forehead, where- 
 with he fell down, and therewith Francis killed him out of hand. 
 This done, such gentlemen as as of our part saw the same, and those 
 of the other part took leave friendly the one with the other, and de- 
 parted with the said Francis, without having any manner of hurt" 
 Had reprimanded Francis, but considering that they were both 
 French men and the English side had the honom-, said the less to 
 him, only defending them and the rest from fighting again without 
 licence. Requests to be informed whether he shall grant such 
 messenger licence, should any challenge happen hereafter. Desires to 
 know his pleasure touching Volland van der Ley, whose messenger 
 still awaits answer. [Three pages.] 
 
 Feb. 28. Instructions given by King Edward VI., with advice of the 
 
 Protector and Council, to Sirs Hugh Poulet and John Harington, to 
 inspect and report upon the state of the garrisons at Boulogne, 
 Calais, and Newhaven, the number of men in service, the state of 
 the finances, and the stowage of provisions and ammunition. [Thir- 
 teen pages. Autograph of Petrr.] 
 
 Feb. ] 4. 29. Lord Grey, Sir Hugh Poulet, and Sir John Harington, to the 
 Boulogne. Council. Incloses a statement of the present number of men, 
 remain of victuals, and (|uantity of stowage in the forts (missing). 
 The bearer, 'John Hornyold, will declare what seems sufficient until 
 the end of Juno next. In all the pieces there is scarcely sufficient 
 stowage to receive what in requisite for four months; yet Lord 
 Or(!y trusts to make shift for the stowage of sucli quimtity when it 
 aniveM. But if they intend to semi any larger mass of victuals to 
 roiiiaiii, new houses must be ereeted and others well repaired. Such 
 ro)iaiiH may bo most conveniently employed on the palace and Our 
 Lady's chuveli in High Boulngue, there being already fair cellars 
 and the wall of the houses staiuling. The timber-work necessary 
 
EDWAED VI. 
 
 303 
 
 Feb. 14. 
 Blackness, 
 
 Feb. 15. 
 Calais. 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 for these repairs should be framed in England and sent hither, 
 otherwise it seems hard to devise how the same may be well holpen. 
 [One page.} 
 
 30. Sil^ Richard Cavendish to William Lord St. John, Great 
 Master of the Household. Acknowledges his letter of the 7th, in 
 which he intimates intention to relieve their want of victuals. 
 Will prepare stowage for the same, Sends schedule of ordnance, 
 munition, and other necessaries required (missing), for " this piece 
 most needful to be remembered, but novir most in oblivion." [One 
 page.] 
 
 31. Lord Cobham to the Lord Protector and Council. Has this 
 day received from the Captain of Ardres the letter of ■which copy 
 is inclosed. Although since the proclamation of peace there has 
 been permitted free and open passage of beer between the two 
 places for the more speedy utterance of his Majesty's malt here as 
 usual before the wars, yet has thought proper to defer his answer 
 until certified of their Lordships' pleasure. As the grain in question 
 has not yet arrived, and they are now occupied in setting forth 
 jousts and other exercises of arms, as are here intenaed on Sunday, 
 Monday, and Tuesday next, he has desired the messenger to spare 
 his answer until these triumphs be past, trusting in the meantime 
 to know their pleasure. [One pa^/e.} Incloses, 
 
 81. I. M. Blerencourt to the Lord Deputy at Calais. Ardres, 
 Feb. 15. As barley and oats are fetching a very low 
 price where his rents are payable, and bring a good one 
 here, he has caused 500 or 600 cestiers of Paris measure 
 to be brought to Montreuil ; and as it will cost him a 
 considerable sum to bring them hither by waggon, re- 
 quests to be permitted to have them conveyed by Calais. 
 Will be glad to reciprocate the like favour. [Half a 
 page. French.] 
 
 . 32. Lord Cobham to Sir William Paget. Has received his letter 
 in favour,, of Hugh Smith, who arrived yesterday with the men 
 whom he had levied, and will show him as much favour and prefer- 
 ment in his business as he can. As on Sunday, Monday, and 
 Tuesday next, they have appointed triumphs to be made at the 
 tilt, tourney, and barriers, in honour of his Majesty's coronation, 
 and also have determined in consideration thereof to make fires, and 
 set abroad in the market certain hogsheads of wine and beer to be 
 drunken and spent by the commonalty, he will remain to see things 
 accomplished and then cross over. Thanks him for procuring his 
 licence to go to England ; looks for his answer touching the French- 
 man St. Ligiers, and hopes ere this he has received his last of 
 herrings. [One page.] 
 
 Feb. 15. 33. Sir Hugh Poulet and Sir John Harington to the Lord Pro- 
 Boulogne, tector and Council. They have not yet been to Newhaven and 
 Blackness, but knowing their Lordships' anxiety for speedy infor- 
 mation as to the number of men and quality of provisions and 
 stpwa,ge, seftd^h^ewith by John Horrtyold the particulars relating 
 
 Feb. 15. 
 
 Calais. 
 
304 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 Feb. 15. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 Feb. 16. 
 Calais. 
 
 Feb. 16. 
 Calais. 
 
 to the pieces here. They have written to Lord Stonrton and Sir 
 Richard Cavendish f«r certificates as to these matters in Newhaven 
 and Bkickness, which they also transmit. Will proceed to these 
 places to-day and return hither to-moiTOW. [One page.] 
 
 34. Sir Hugh Poulet to Sir Williiun Paget. Sends the respective 
 certificates by the bearer, John Ilornyold, for whom he desires 
 Paget's help in the obtaining of the office of Auditor of Calais, 
 which he merits by his honest demeanour in the same. Hopes that 
 Harington and he will soon be able to discharge their commission 
 here and to return. [One page.] 
 
 35. Lord Cobham and the Council at Calais to the Lord Protector 
 and Council. Have received their letters by Hugh Smith, who 
 brought with him 278 men ; of whom some were levied in London, 
 some by the way, and others after his arrival here. Of these they 
 have taken certain notes that his Majesty may not be deceived. 
 And whereas their Lordships had appointed that of the 300 men to 
 be levied by Smith, 100 shall be hagb utters, at the wages of eight- 
 pence per diem, they finding their own weapons and powder ; in 
 their poor opinion the increase of wages to hagbutters will not 
 only be a great hindrance and decay to the archery of the nation, 
 since all men covet the highest pay, but will be a mean, as they 
 have found by experience, that the able and tall men who receive 
 for other weapons only sixpence a day shall be greatly discouraged, 
 when they see such weak personages entertained for the harquebuse, 
 as besides that weapon are apt nor meet for any other service of 
 war, and yet very few of them skilful and expert of that weapon. 
 Hugh Smith is appointed to the command of 200 of the men ; the 
 other 100 are placed under the leading of Robert Coningsby, and 
 all are placed in the East pale here. Tliey are all unarmed, having 
 no weapons but swords. Tlie Treasurer has directed Smith within 
 two days to furnish a statement of his expenditure of the 200i. 
 received from their Lordships. On the 6th, 73 more soldiers arrived 
 from Kent, all of whom, except 15 or 16, were reasonably ai-med 
 with bills and bows. These have been placed in the town of 
 Guisnes. [One page and « quarter.] 
 
 36. Lord Cobham and Sir Edward Wotton to the same. 
 In reference to their inquiry whether he the Deputy had abated 
 any part of the old entertainment of his espial of Corbie, informs 
 them, that in the last wars he aiul his two men being always 
 accounted part of the hand of Coclo Alhanois, captain of horse, were 
 allowed for all three 30 oiou iis per menaem, reckoning 30 days to 
 each month, which the mon thought Miy small jm3rment. Never- 
 thulcsH, since tlie end of the wars, not only has such payment been 
 stopped, but all kinds of fnvoign coins ani so enhanced that the 
 crown of the sun cannot bo had horo under six shillings and two- 
 jK'.nce, and tlic (hiublc ducat uiulor twolvo shillings and eightpence 
 (if EiigliMli uroats ; so that wore his old entertainment continued, his 
 loHH in the exchange of o\w. month's wages would extend almost to 
 the fourth part of the whole month's pay. The man travels to the 
 French Court, which, according to the prices of all things now, is 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 305 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 Feb. 16. 
 
 Calais. 
 
 Feb. 15. 
 
 Boulogne. 
 
 Feb. 18. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 no little charge to him, and as their Lordships now understand his 
 case they will please determine for him as seems meet. [One page.] 
 
 37. Lord Cobham to the Lord Protector. Taking occasion of 
 certain wrongs done by the Captain of Gravelines to some of his 
 Majesty's subjects here, had written by a discreet messenger to 
 M. de Rieulx for redress, but principally with a view to ascertain 
 the state of affairs between the Imperialists and the French. Sends 
 copy of De Rieulx's reply, and on his arrival in England, which wiU 
 be immediately after the triamphs, will relate all that passed 
 between his messenger and De Rieulx. It would be too long for 
 detail herein, as the interview had lasted above four hours. [One 
 page.] 
 
 38. Lord Grey to Sir William Paget. As it is right necessary to 
 have here a pothecary for the making and ministering of such 
 medicines as the physician. Doctor Martin, shall appoint to the 
 patient, and as such ought to be a man of experience and honesty, 
 whereof they have a great lack, and can have none such without 
 some allowance of stipend or wages, requests that he will not only 
 provide a reasonable sum for such payment, but will procure the 
 appointment of a suitable individual, as they have no man in this 
 town convenable for the same. [Half a page.] 
 
 39. Lord Stourton, Sir Hugh Poulet, and Sir John Harington, 
 to the Lord Protector and Council. The wall about the fort of 
 Newhaven is raised to the full height of 10 feet, except one part 
 40 feet in length, fallen out this winter, and now ready to be com- 
 pleted in 1 5 days, which shall be turfed upward to the top of the 
 height of 12 feet above the wall. The mason work required rests 
 chiefly upon the perfecting of four flanks and the gate to the fort 
 (whereto the drawbridge is almost ready), and about the cellars 
 and the walls for the stowage-houses to be made there. The great 
 earthwork to be done rests chiefly upon the raising of the west 
 and north-west bulwarks and curtains of that side, which are in 
 hand, and the cleansing of the ditch about the piece to the depth 
 assigned shall follow. The turfing of the bulwarks and curtains 
 shall be proceeded with as fast as the scarcity of carriages for 
 bringing the turfs will allow. The surveyor, Mr. Rogers, has 
 apportioned the labourers and soldiers to the works in such numbers 
 as the inclosed schedule (missing) wiU show, so that he trusts the 
 flankers, bulwarks, and curtains will shortly be in good state of 
 defence ; and, if it meets with their pleasure, he intends to send for 
 200 labourers more, for the better and more rapid completion of the 
 works. A forced vamure is also set in hand about the fort, which 
 shall be done by ten labourers assigned to Lord Stourton, without 
 let of the other works. As there are no mills and little stowage 
 for provisions and beer of strength able to last three or four months, 
 they think the seek should be the most convenient store for the fort. 
 The state of the artillery and munition, with what is wanted in 
 that department, will be seen by the inclosure {missing). Two 
 carriages require to be provided for him who has the order of the 
 victualling, for conveyance of the provisions from the haven to the 
 
 u 
 
306 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 Feb. 18. 
 Boulogne . 
 
 Feb. 21. 
 
 Boulogne. 
 
 Feb. 21. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 FeTj. 23. 
 
 Calais. 
 
 fort, as at present they require to use the carriages employed on 
 the works, which not only hinders operations but often delays the 
 unloading of the vessels for want o^ convenient vehicles. For the 
 better order of the soldiers, desire that constables and vintners may 
 be assigned to the numbers of the garrison in same manner as at 
 Calais. [Two pages.] 
 
 40. Lord Stourton, Sir Hugh Poulet, and Sir John Harington, 
 to the Lord Protector and Council. In terms very similar to the 
 preceding. Blackness stands in the same point a.s when the Pro- 
 tector left. No part of the wall about the fort is commenced ; more 
 labourers are required ; meanwhile the masons are busy hewing 
 stones for the cellars and places of stowage. Sir Richard Cavendish 
 has been prevented by sickness from being here to-day, so the letter 
 goes without his signature. [Three pages.] 
 
 41. Edward Dudley to Sir William Paget. Returns thanks for 
 the preferment of his lieutenant and gentleman-porter, as it is a 
 great encouragement to them and all others in hia service. The 
 surveyor has staked out the Young Man, and intends to proceed 
 with the building, but as carriages are very scarce here for lack of 
 money, Dudley has disbursed some part of his wages for furnishing 
 them in order to the more speedy building of the fort, which shall 
 cost his Majesty as little as anything on this side of the sea. His 
 own soldiers shall labour at it, and he hopes they may be allowed 
 a groat a day as other soldiers. For his own money he shall be 
 contented to forbear to the uttermost he can ; and if he had the 
 same that others have, would willingly spend a good part on 
 building this fort, which is so necessary for defence of the base 
 town. The Council ha^^ng staid the work for lack of pioneere, his 
 own men shall supply the place of pioneers, but he must require 
 masons and other craftsmen, which may be the better spared, since 
 for lack of carriages they cannot work elsewhere. Requests the 
 Council's letter to the surveyor to go in hand with the works as 
 shown on the plot sent herewith {missing), and the letter of the 
 surveyor conveyed by same bearer. [One page.] 
 
 42. John Rogers (surveyor of Boulogne) to same. Has traced 
 or staked forth a little castle within the Young Man, as he thinks 
 very fit for the place. Wishes to know if it maj- be gone in hand 
 withal, as Mr. Dudley is not a little fain thereof. Has sent by 
 the bearer a plot on the scale of one inch to 10 feet. The one 
 point stands directly to the hill on which is the windmill, the other 
 point to the French fort ; the gate opens right towards Baa Bou- 
 logne. Dudley has promised that his own men shall dig the 
 cellars and foundations, and his own cai'ts carry their stuff thereto. 
 Though the plot socin tedious to I'o, yet will it lightly be made and 
 without grciit char^^re; neither shall i"t let any other work. Would 
 have sent a ntateiiient of all the other works whicli he has in hand, 
 had they not be(>n recently surveyed and reported on by the 
 (iommissioner.M. [Ove page.] 
 
 43. Sir Jol I u Wallop to the Loid Protector. Yesterday received 
 a letter from the Cajitaiii of Ardres, complaining that certain Avood 
 had been cut in the I'orest of Fiennes, that belongs to the county of 
 
EDWARD VI. 307 
 
 154G-7. 
 
 Guisnes, for the Bailiff and Henry Spruce. Has replied that if any- 
 wood has been cut there it was not by his orders, and he has 
 nothing to do therewith ; but all the woods that belong to his 
 Majesty's conquest are under the control of Godolphin, to whom all 
 letters on the subject should be addressed. Prior to the late King's 
 death had received a similar letter from Blerencourt, and returned 
 a like reply, of which, as Paget wrote to him, his Majesty took very 
 well, and farther stated that his Majesty had taken order with 
 Godolphin what answer he should make. But as he again com- 
 plains, is in doubt whether such answer was received. Awaits 
 orders thereon. The triumphs were as foUows : — On Sunday was 
 running at the tilt with 30 men of arms, all English (except one 
 Burgundian, a gentleman of St. Omer, named Gomer), of whom 
 three were challengers, and the rest defenders, divided into two 
 bands, — the one being commanded by the Marshal and the other by 
 the Comptroller, — ^vei-y well appointed and right well horsed. On 
 Monday the same number tournayed ; the rest were two Burgun- 
 dians well horsed for that purpose. On Tuesday was fighting at 
 barriers, as well with the push of the pike as with the combat of 
 swords. Never in his time did he see at Calais so goodly a band 
 and so many do well in all these feats, whereat the strangers gave 
 great praise to them. There were of Burgundian gentlemen a good 
 number, but of French only four or five, of whom three were of 
 Tyrwin [Terouanne]. These strangers were all honourably enter- 
 tained by the Lord Deputy and the rest of the Council, with much 
 banquetting, interludes, and masks, to their great content ; and the 
 Burgundian Gomer had the prize for the tournay, which he 
 deserved very well, and in all his other doings showed himself a 
 good man of arms. He that encountered him showed himself his 
 fuU match, one of the towardest men in all three feats that Wallop 
 has seen for many years, named Highfield, a young man and one of the 
 three challengers. Of the other two, one was son of Lord Brooke, 
 who showed himself right rough and courageous in all three ; and 
 the third was Jemingham, who behaved like a man of experience 
 and one well acquainted therewith. Hears that many ships are 
 coming to the French out of Brittany, and that preparations for 
 stowage of corn are being made at Montreuil, Hesdin, and Terou- 
 anne, where for lack of sufficient granaries they occupy cellars 
 with reparations. Bequests that he may be continued in such 
 authority at Guisnes as he has hitherto been, with power of 
 appointing captains where none are appointed by the Protector and 
 Council, in such manner as Mr. Gage [Sir John] can tell him has 
 been usual. [Three pages.] 
 
 Feb. 23. 44. Sir Thomas Palmer to Sir William Paget. When at Mr. 
 The Old Man. Herbert's last year his late Majesty granted his suit to have in 
 exchange other lands for those belonging to the dissolved college 
 of South Mailing, and farther understanding the hard bargain 
 which he had made in the purchase, considering it was intended 
 that he should have 501. lands by the year of free gift, had said 
 there should be a farther amends besides made to him at his next 
 return, as at the time both Paget and and the Chancellor of Aug- 
 mentations Were informed. At that said last return he was pre- 
 
 u 2 
 
308 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 154G-7. 
 
 vented by want of time from moving the suit farther ; wherefore 
 begs Paget's assistance therein. The king shall be no loser, and he 
 a Ljaiiior of some commodity, Han written to the Lord Protector 
 and the Lord (Chancellor to the like effect. Has nothing to stick to 
 assuredly but tliis college, and would tlierefore gladly frame it so 
 as he miglit hficafter have souiu poor living where he shall be 
 nimble ])eradventure to serve abroad. Uis living in England is 
 very small, considering tlie pensions wliich he pays out of his land, 
 and these to people likely to live as long i\s himself, and his hus- 
 bandry has not been such as has any whit enlarged it. [One page 
 and a quarter.] 
 Eod. die. 45. Sir Thomas Palmer to the Lord Protector. On the same sub- 
 
 ject and in nearly similar terms, beseeching his Grace " who has been 
 the founder of his beginning and furtherer hitherto in aU his causes," 
 to help him in his suit, as unless he does so he sees it " wholly 
 quailed and out of hope." The rent of Mailing is not raised, neither 
 lease granted nor house spoiled, though it is true that he finds a 
 few more spiritualities in it than bis Abbot requires. [OTie page 
 and a half.] 
 
 Eod. die. 46. The same to the Lord Chancellor. On the same subject and 
 in like style. [One page and a quarter.] 
 
 Feb. 2i. 47. Sir Hugh Poulet and Sir John Harington to the Lord Protector. 
 Boulogne. On Monday last they were at Newhaven and proceeded in the 
 evening to Blackness. The works, considering the number of labourers 
 employed, go on well ; and the fort of Newhaven rises to good perfec- 
 tion of strength. Since reporting on the state of Blackness there have 
 been 200 labourers and soldiers employed at work upon the north- 
 west bulwark, which was the place most deficient in height, and an 
 increase of other 200 workmen immediately would bring it to 
 good point of defence, before the enemy could well be in the 
 field to annoy it, although Sir Richard Cavendish still thinks 400 
 necessary. Until, however, the tedious conveyance of victuals 
 can be relieved, they think the smaller number of men enough ; and 
 that the fort should be completed for the protection of the haven, 
 prior to any steps being taken for the exercise of feats of arms and 
 other pleasant pastimes set forth in honoui- of the ti-iumphaut feast 
 of his Majesty's coronation. Think that their abode hei-e five or 
 six days longer will suffice for their duties. [Tno pages.] Inclosing, 
 
 47. Proceedjvgs in honour of the roronation, aa follows:— 
 " Fir.sl, six of the men at arum of thifi town, viz. : Bichard 
 Jerinvghavi, Richard Elder.-^ham, Thomas Wood, David 
 
 ' Item 
 
 ., — J of warning was given 
 
 hy the trtDiipcl in time as uppertaineth thereto. 
 . Henry pudhy captain of the Ouards, to enlarge the 
 same triinnph, devised to run at ixindom with every of 
 the challengers and t,> assay the thing what they could do. 
 Dudley and Jerningham tite Thursday before met in tlie 
 
EDWARD VI. 309 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 field in their hostivg harness and ran the one against the 
 other xvith coronet staves, and at the second counter met 
 so freely that both went to the ground, their harness fly- 
 ing about the field and their horses astonied, but {thanks to 
 Ood) xuithout hurt both leaped on horseback again and 
 brake sundry staves very honestly. 
 "Item. For the better shewing of the feats there was a large 
 pound beside the Old Man railed in, and the challengers' 
 tents and holes pitched near thereunto, and a forced house 
 u-ell garnished to feast all comers, luhere the Lord Deputy 
 and the Council kept three long tables furnished every of 
 the said three days for all gentlemen that would repair 
 thither. 
 
 " Item. Upon Saturday the challengers came into the field guided 
 by Mr. Crofts, Under Marshal, their -pn-drmo, accompanied 
 vjith divers gentlemen, having their shields set forth with 
 j)retty and sundry devices ; every of the said challengers 
 in his colour of silk apart for knowledge of the one from 
 the other, with the trappings of their houses suitable to 
 the same ; and being brought to the field with sound of 
 trumpets, their shields were set upon sundry trees pight 
 there for that purpose. 
 
 " Item. Upon Sunday after the Lord Deputy had dined in the 
 field, being accompanied ivith the ladies and gentlemen 
 of the town, and with divers captains and gentlemen of 
 the French fort, besides those of the garrison, came in the 
 defendants conducted by Sir John Bridges, High Marshal, 
 their padrino and divers other gentlemen, in two sundry 
 bands, the one being six gentlemen, like Turks, and after 
 them eighteen other men at arms, all well mounted, well 
 armed, and well set forth in silk with their colours and 
 devices, both Tuen and horses. 
 
 " Item. The Lord Deputy placed himself with the Council, 
 strangers, and gentlewomen upon a scaffold made for that 
 purpose, to behold and judge every man his doings. 
 
 " Item. Afier sundry courses in the ring came in Henry Dudley 
 out of the Old Man, accompanied with Sir Henry and 
 Sir Thomas Palmer, his padrino, and twelve other gentle- 
 men, all in silk of one suit, carrying every of them a 
 staff garnished with colours, and so passed round about 
 the field. 
 
 " Item. The challengers ran with every defender three courses at 
 the ring, which was of all parties very well handled ; 
 but Richard Jerningham, had the prize, which was a 
 goodly plume of feathers. Then came in Henry Dudley 
 (who also in his three closes had before right well ha/ndled 
 himself in the ring) and broke a staff with every of the 
 challengers, which luas on every part well done, but Henry 
 Dudley there did most notably. 
 
 " Item. The next day was the tourney on horseback, which was 
 wonderfully well foughten, Sir Henry and Sir Thomas 
 Palmer, Mr. Poynings, and Mr. Arnold being appointed 
 to be sticklers, and to see all things indifferently used. 
 
310 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 154,6-7. 
 
 2'here were few or none departed till their swords or 
 armour brake or failed. Most men said they never saw 
 a more brave tourney. There was one of the challengers' 
 horses overthrown with a shock, as it happened, but yet 
 recovered again without forsaking the saddle; and in 
 likewise a defendant overthrown with plain force by 
 Richard Jemingham, whereby he had the prize, which 
 was a curtilashe. 
 
 " Item. On Monday, at night, there was a request made to the 
 Lord Deputy, that where there had been justs challenged 
 upon the land that it might please his Lordship to grant 
 to six Flemings to challenge all comers that would just 
 on the water the next day in the mole of the haven atfidl 
 sea, which was granted ; and the Fleming sounded the 
 drum, against all Englishmen and Frenchmen. The 
 time came, and the Fleining in his boat with a drum, and 
 a lance on his thigh after the manner, one poor English- 
 men had gotten a boa,t, and having a lance in his luinds 
 met once and failed ; the second time the Fleming lost his 
 spear ; the third time the Englishman overthrew the 
 FleTThing into the water, who was in danger of drowning. 
 
 " And after that the said challenge waxced cold, the Lord Deputy 
 with the rest went to the aforenamed place, where Uiefeat of 
 arms at the barriers was lustily handled on either part, 
 but in conclusion the prize of that feat was given to 
 Eldersham, which was a fair sword and a dagger. 
 
 " Item. That Tuesday, at night, tlie foresaid Mr. Crofts, padriuo 
 of the challengers, did come with them to the Lord 
 Deputy's house in a very fair mask, all suited in pilgrims' 
 apparel of black velvet, and so ended these honourable 
 pastimes. 
 
 "Item. There are twelve gentlemen, captains of this gai'T-ison, which 
 have challenged all comers at Hie just of the pike ; and 
 that challenge is appointed to be answered vdth a like 
 number of gentlemen on Sunday next coining." [Thi'ee 
 pages.] 
 
 Calais. 
 
 Feb. 26. 48. Lord Cobham to Sir William Paget. Has apprised the Lord 
 Admiral that a Portuguese ship yesterday ran aground at Sandgate, 
 andi^the merchants and mariners forsaking her escaped to laud. John 
 Neale of this town being fishing thereabouts made for the wreck and 
 brought from it hither 72 loaves of white sugar and eight broken 
 loaves, 78 loaves of black sugar and three broken loaves, also four 
 bales of white soap. These remain in the custody of Edward May, 
 Lieutenant of the castle here, for better preservation, being some- 
 what drenched with salt water, lias given commands to the 
 Bailiff of Sandgate, the Lord Admiral's deputy, to look diligently 
 to the safe l<(^oping of the rest of the goods, which aj-e esteemed of 
 great value, among them being a good proportion of sweet wines, 
 until liis Lordship's pleasure i.s known. Requests him to be a mean 
 with the Adniiriil to send instructions connected herewith to the 
 Treaaurer and Lieutenant. [One page,] 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 311 
 
 1546-7. 
 Feb. 27. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 Feb. 28. 
 Calais. 
 
 49. John Merbury to the Lord Protector and the Council. Having 
 been appointed, after the departure of Sir Thomas Moyle and the 
 Commissioners of the limits in the Boulognois, to make surveys, he 
 has done the same ; bat thei-e being considerable uncertainty re- 
 garding the parishes of Bursin, Hardynham, Nabringheyn, with the 
 chapel of Colennbarge, and a part of Fiennes, requests to have their 
 advice thereon, as many English and Picards much desire to take 
 leases of the King's part of the lands. A speedy answer is neces- 
 sary, because the time for tilling and otherwise occupying the land is 
 near. Wishes to know whether he shall make a statement to the 
 Auditor here of the half-year's rent due to his Majesty at the feast 
 of the Annunciation of our Lady next ensuing for the high and 
 base towns of Boulogne, and such other lands as are presently let 
 in the Boulognois and its marches, in order that he may appoint for 
 the collecting of the said rents. [One page.'] 
 
 50. Sir Edward Wotton to the same. All. the works and pro- 
 visions for the same, with the crews here, remain unpaid from 
 Michaelmas last tiU now, with the exception of sundry prests and 
 payments as he has in the interval paid out of money received 
 from the surveyors of victuals, seeing he has received no money from 
 England since Michaelmas aforesaid. Therefore sends a declaration 
 of the money due, amounting to 2,670?. 2s. 8d., requesting that it 
 may be sent by the bearer, Hugh Counsel!, as the people are urgent 
 for payment. Many necessary works require to be done in the 
 spring, which, though they will cost much, must be executed, or 
 else greater inconvenience is like to .ensue. These the Surveyor 
 will declare. Whei'efore they had better send at least 1,000Z. more 
 than the sum specified in the declaration, to prevent his too often 
 troubling them with the unthankful request of money. [Two pages.] 
 Inclosing, 
 
 50. I. Declaration above referred to ; in which it is to he 
 noticed that the salary of each " poticary " is exactly the 
 half of that paid to the captain of the company to which 
 he is attached. [Broadside.] 
 
 Feb. 28. 51. John Merbury to Sir William Paget. Bequests to know his 
 Boulogne. Majesty's pleasure on the points of limits and rents mentioned in 
 his letter to the Protectoi: and Council. Also that he may have 
 permission to go to England when he has taken order on the pre- 
 mises, seeing, as he mentioned when Paget dispatched him hither, 
 the time was so short that that little which God has lent him being 
 sparkled in divers places, he had no time to take order therewith, 
 and since then his travail has been daily such in his Majesty's 
 service that before now he could find no time requisite t6 make suit 
 for the same. [One page.] 
 
 March 1. 52. Anthony Smyth [Auditor of Boulogne] to same. Sends here- 
 Boulogne. with statement of the wages due for the respective garrisons, 
 both those for which he has money in hand and those for which 
 provision requires to be made (missing). When the money in 
 hand is exhausted, will immediately declare to them the state of 
 the Treasurer's account here. [One page.] 
 
312 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 March 3. 
 
 Boulogne. 
 
 March 4. 
 Calais. 
 
 March 5. 
 Guisnes. 
 
 March 6. 
 Blackness. 
 
 53. Lord Grey to Sir William Paget. By Myles has learned his 
 pleawure for the re delivery of the jewels which he stayed here for 
 his money wrongfully withheld in Flanders, and has made restitu- 
 tion of the same. In seizirg them, thought he had sufficient 
 authority for so doing by the Council's letter ; inasmuch as he 
 found them in the hands of a man of Bruges, and as it seemed, to 
 avoid the danger of arrest, they had been mastered upon Guido 
 Calvacante, to whose servant Christian Safetyn he not only delivered 
 them hut gave convoy with them to Calais. Trusts Paget will 
 ponder his case as if it were his own, and remember that his office 
 here under his Majesty ought to support a greater authority than 
 that he should by any strangers have to suffer a forced damage or 
 injury ; and also to weigh how they of Bruges, now having know- 
 ledge of his intentions, will foresee and avoid the danger of it. This 
 considered, their Lordships should either grant him larger open 
 means for the recovery of his loss, or (remitting to him the device 
 of the same) wink at his secret doings therein. [Half a page.] 
 
 54. Sir Edward Wotton to the Lord Protector and Council. 
 Mons. Shantony [Chantonnay], son to Seigneur Grandvela, with a 
 brother of Count Van Home, arrived here from the Emperor last 
 night at five o'clock. Being lodged without the gates, had requested 
 him to enter the town for better lodging and to sup with him, the 
 rather that tlie wind was not likely to serve for his passage that 
 night. This had been declined in hope the wind would turn, as he 
 was most anxious to cross. This morning Wotton and the Council 
 waited upon him, brought him into the town, lodged him at a fair 
 lodging, and wiU make him such cheer as they can. He will tarry 
 here no longer than the wind will enforce him. [^Half a pouje.] 
 
 55. Sir John Wallop to the Lord Protector. Yesterday had re- 
 plied to two letters of the 21st [and 28th ult., whereof one was for 
 his Gra<ie, the other for him and for the Council. This day while 
 Abingdon, the bearer, was with him, a person in whom he put trust 
 to hearken upon news arrived, and informed him that yesterday he 
 spake with a person from Amiens, whose master resided there, and 
 who told him that he heard the Dauphin had left the Court for Nor- 
 mandy and Brittany, there to prepare a very great ai-my, and that 
 two galleys are ready to wait upon him. The rmnour was that he 
 intends to make war upon the Emperor. Hopes to know more 
 accurately in three days, having sent one to Amiens for that purpose. 
 Du Biez going to Court makes him rather beheve that some great 
 enterprise is in hand. [One page.] 
 
 66, Sir H. Poulet, Su- J. Haringtou, and Sir R Cavendish to the 
 Lord Protector and Council, Have confen-ed upon the contract for 
 timber houses of stowage at Blackness, entered into between Caven- 
 dish and James Revel and William Bowmero ; this they very weU 
 like, and think it .should bo proceeded with. Send inclosed a state- 
 ment of the expenditure of victuals there during the month ending 
 26th February, of what remains, mid of the venit of all kinds since 
 their last (■ortificnte to the present day. Cavendish desires to know 
 whether tlie further furniture of victuals shall proceed wholly from 
 the Lord Great Master or any part from Sir Anthony Aucher, and 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 313 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 March 6. 
 Newhaven. 
 
 March 6. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 March 7. 
 Bonlogne. 
 
 in whose charge the custody and utterance part shall consist, as 
 Aucher, who is here at present, is unwilling to give any determined 
 resolution thereon until he receives reply to his letter to their Lord- 
 ships. This is necessary, because the utterance of a portion of these 
 provisions has already passed the hands of Cavendish, and in the 
 meanwhile he takes charge of the reckonings of some part of the 
 victuals, chiefly beer and biscuit, required for this month. The 
 utterance of the other provisions rests to the charge of Aucher. As 
 the interlacing of these reckonings in sundry men's hands would 
 be very troublous both for the sorting of the stowage and the 
 delivery, Cavendish is content to take the whole charge upon him 
 if their Lordships desire it. [One page and a quarter.] Annexed, 
 
 56. I. Victuals remaining at Blackness. These were of red 
 herrings, ] 5 cades ; sprats, 29 cades ; stockfish unbeaten, 
 2,380 fish ; stockfish beaten, 480 fish ; wheat fiour, 33 
 barrels ; peason, 9 barrels ; raisins, 3 pieces ; honey, 2 
 barrels; butter, 5 barrels; Essex cheese, 26^ cheeses; 
 lings, 200 fish ; haberdines, 500 couple; white herrings, 
 11 barrels ; winesack, 17^ Imtts. [One page ^ 
 
 56. II. Expenditure from 29th January to 25th February. 
 
 Biscuit, 6,404 lbs. 4 bread, 2,925 loaves ; beer, 28 tons, 4 
 barrels; fresh beef, 9,860^ lbs.; muttons, 16 sheep; Suf- 
 folk cheese, 6 weigh 186 lbs.; Essex cheese, 5 weigh; 
 red herrings, 20 cades, 100 herrings ; stock fish, 173 
 fishes; butter, 82 lbs.; white herrings, 2 barrels; sprats, 
 4 cades; lings, 20 couple; haJierdynes, 8 couple. [One 
 page.] 
 
 56. III. Receipt and expenditure of victuals supplied by the 
 Lord Great Master from 20th February to 6th March. 
 [One page.] 
 
 57. Account of the receipts {venits), expenditure, and remainder of 
 the difierent kinds of provisions at Newhaven from the beginning 
 of February to the present date. [Five pages.] 
 
 58. Thomas Lewyn, Paymaster of the works at Boulogne, to Sir 
 William Paget. Has at several times advanced to Sir Richard 
 Cavendish, for provisions and wages for the Fort of Blackness, 
 monies to the amount of more than 600?., as appears by the bills of 
 Cavendish, who will give him no particular book for the same. 
 Wherefore he has refused to advance him more without book ; 
 partly because Mr. Rogers and others think the same to be evil 
 employed, and partly because on Lewyn's last repairing to the 
 Court, Cavendish would not make any estimate of his charges to the 
 Lords of the Council, whereby he might have sued for money for the 
 same. Requests that if Cavendish shall make any sinister complaint 
 against him, Paget will consider it behoves him to have a discharge, 
 as also an estimate to come by the money. [One page.] 
 
 59. Edward Dudley to the same. Stanley, the gentleman 
 porter at the Young Man, is now a suitor for the increase of his 
 entertainment. This is not suggested by Dudley, who considers 
 his rate to be so honest, and better than lie previously had ; besides 
 his wages is better rated than Dudley's, all things well weighed. If 
 
 u 5 +- 
 
314 
 
 CALAIS PAPEES. 
 
 1646-7. 
 
 March 8. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 March 9. 
 
 Blackness. 
 
 any man has cause to complain it is himself, since the lieutenants of all 
 the forts have as good entertainment as he, and yet they live at the 
 charge of their captains ; wliereas, he is much charged for his own 
 provision of meat and drink within his office, therein also being 
 honestly bound to entertain his lieutenant and gentleman porter as 
 otlier captains do. At this present, a lieutenant's office is a wealthier 
 room than his, although he holds that of a captain, which, if it were 
 only for estimation's sake, would have required a farther entertain- 
 ment ; yet, as Paget advised, he has been contented, referring all the 
 hope of preferment to his hands. Stanley intends to sue for Mr. 
 Cotton's room of gentleman porter, in the base town, in case he 
 cannot obtain increase of wages at the Young Man. Should he 
 be successful, requests Paget will be good to the bearer, who is a 
 very honest gentleman, and by his demeanor and good service has 
 obtained the good will of all men here, and have him appointed to 
 the room vacated by Stanley. [Otic page.] 
 
 60. Lord Grey to the Lord Protector. Yesterday two Scottish ships 
 well armed and fraught with merchandise, passed before this haven, 
 bound for Dieppe, to which chase was given by the bark " Ager," 
 and one of them with two tops, being closely pursued, ran ashore 
 against Port Hill, betwixt this and the French fort. The other escaped. 
 He immediately ordered a boat to go to the wreck, which, seeing 
 another vessel pass under sail, made towards it, under the impression 
 that it was also a Scotch vessel, and took the same. This proving to 
 be a French merchantman, shall be re-delivered without damage or 
 spoil The crew of the vessel informed him that the ship which ran 
 ashore had 20 or 30 Scots, owners of the freight, aboard. These 
 facts he mentioned to Capt. Francville, the captain of the French 
 fort, claiming the vessel as lawful prize ; but, to prevent disquiet, 
 agreeing that Francville should allow the seizure, take inventory of 
 the goods to be retained in his hands, and thereupon re-deliver 
 them. After this agreement Francville said he had made exa- 
 mination, and found that the ship and goods were French. Where- 
 upon, considering what might ensue by attempting anything on 
 land upon that side, had waited till the sea rose and tide served at 
 night, when he armed forth boats to bring off the ship, but found the 
 goods gone and the vessel perished on the rocks without recovery. 
 Eequests they will apprize the Ambassador with the French King 
 of the circumstances, that he may be mean for the re-delivery 
 of these goods, which the captain of the French fort acknowledges 
 to have received, it being well known they were Scottish. [On« 
 page.] 
 
 61. Sir Richard Cavendish to the same. If properly supplied 
 with labourers, provisions, and payment, he has no doubt by the 
 end of May next, to make the fortifications hero the best this side 
 of the sea, Boulogne only excepted. Requests that a whole pay 
 may now be made both to the gan-ison and the labourers (for 
 want of which during the whole winter, there has been much 
 misery), for whom he has so provided upon his credit, that without 
 entire pay he shall be unable to perform his promisa And whereas, 
 he understands tliat his diets here have been appointed at 20s., 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 315 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 requests it may be considered that his charge here is very different 
 from that ■which he had at Boulogne, where he received the same 
 amount, and that he had been put in hope of a better allowance, 
 besides that other men of less service are being daily preferred to him. 
 Further, that notwithstanding his service here, he discharged the 
 office of Comptroller of Boulogne, till 11th October, and kept his 
 household and clerks there for the furnishing of said charge ; and 
 now the Lord Deputy and Council have stayed not only his own 
 diets, but the wages of h's clerks and servants there, since his entry 
 hereunto 11th October foresaid. Beseeches that all this, and his 
 double charges, may be considered. [Two pages.'] 
 
 March 9. 62. Sir^Richard Cavendish to Lord St. John. Thanks him for his 
 Blackness, last letter. "When the whole of the victuals are received, shall make 
 due certificate of them ; requesting that he may be informed of the 
 prices, considering the excessive prices appointed hitherto in some 
 things by Aucher, as in hei rings, ling, l^berdines and stockfish. 
 Also, that he will consider the continual waste of biscuit and beer in 
 the conveyance and otherwise, and allow some surplus to fulfil the 
 same, least there be want as weU in the furniture as finally in the 
 account. Farther, as hitherto, the poor men here, for the most part, 
 have li 7ed in health ; if they should now be scarced of victuals, and 
 specially of drink this time of Lent, when they eat but dry and salt 
 meats, see'ng, contrary to all other forts in these parts, they have 
 none other market, haven, or relief to trust upon, but the King's 
 provision alone, they shall not only be worse able to serve by means 
 of infirmities that may proceed thereof, but also, being sick, his 
 Majesty shall be at double charges, as in lacking their work to pay 
 their wages notwithstanding. Moreover, having no money to dis- 
 charge tfiem when sick, they must needs remain idle in the works. 
 Sends schedule of wages due to the soldiers and artificers (missing), 
 and intreats immediate and full pay for them ; as also that money 
 may be advanced for carrying out the contract of the two stowage 
 houses. [Two pages a/ad a half.] 
 
 March 10. 63. Lord Cobham to the Lord Protector. The mayor and aldermen, 
 Cobham Hall, as weU as the garrison and staple of Calais, had about six years^since 
 obtained a bill signed by the late King, to utter and sell their old 
 store of grain so soon as they should be furnished with a new store. 
 Of this they have lately required of him to have the commodity and 
 use in consideration of their new stores having arrived. Requests to 
 know the Council's pleasure, and that his Grace wUl signify the 
 same by the bringers hereof. [One page.] 
 
 March 11. 64. Lord Grey, Sir Hugh Poulet, and Sir John Harington to 
 Boulogne. the same and Council Transmitting schedules of the expenditure, 
 remainder, and venit of provisions for Boulogne, during the month 
 ending 25 February last. [ One page. Inclosures three pages.] 
 
 March 11. 65. Sir Hugh Poulet and Sir John Harington to the same. 
 
 Boulogne. Having thoroughly surveyed Boulogne, intend to devote the next 
 
 day and Sunday to Blackness and Newhaven, and thence to 
 
 Calais. As the Lord Deputy is absent in England, desire their 
 
316 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 March 11. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 March 13. 
 Calais. 
 
 Marcli 13. 
 Calais. 
 
 farther instructions for proceedings there. Do not marvel that 
 their Lordships whould think theii- stay long, but the necessities 
 of the occasion have caused it, and they have been stayed by Sir 
 Anthony Auciicr in reference (o liis accounts. Will return as soon 
 as they can. [One 'jmye and a quarter.^ 
 
 6C. Sir Hugh Poulet, Sii- John Harington and Sir Anthony 
 Aucher to the Lord Protector and Council. On Saturday la-st, they 
 met at Blackness, where and at Newhaven the state of the former 
 reckoning shall appear on their return. By tiie schedules inclosed 
 (see No. 56, March 6, antea), will see the state of provisions and 
 stowage. [One page.] 
 
 67. Sir Edward Wotton to the same. This day arrived here 
 from Rouen a young man, named Richard Patrick, haberdasher of 
 London, who brought the news inclosed. Although these do not 
 seem to be of great importance, thinks it right to communicate 
 them. Last week the Regent of Flanders inspected all the imperial 
 towns upon those frontiers, and set order for such fortifications as 
 sljfe and the Count de Rieulx thought meet to be newly erected. 
 [One page.] Inclosure, 
 
 67. I. On Patrick's leaving Rouen on 9th March, there lay in 
 the river there 20 or more French galleys, of which the 
 captains reported that 12 of the largest are to go to 
 Scotland this spring, to fetch to France the Queen of 
 Scotland and the young princess. The galleys were 
 newly rigged, and furnished with forsadoes and, new 
 boats. Patrick also says that some of the French King's 
 commiasioners lately sent to Rouen, declared that for 
 avoiding the payment of interest on the money for ike 
 redemption of Boulogne, if the same were not paid within 
 the eight years, the King was minded to pay the amount 
 very shortly ; for which reason he required from the city of 
 Rouen, 100,000 crowns, like as he had fivm Pai-is, 
 200,000. The Council not consenting thereto, liad been 
 imprisoned about 26 February last, but after eight dayti' 
 confinement were liberated on agreeing to do so; and 
 Normandy is to 2'>ay 300,000 francs increase of yearly 
 tribute. [One page.] 
 
 08. Hugh Smyth to Sir William Paget. On 12th February anived 
 at Calais, with the men committed to him, and delivered the King's 
 letter to the Council, who then appointed him to lie with his men 
 at Gempe in the low country and its vicinity, where he still is. Has 
 appointed to serve in his band, one lieutenant, tM'o ensign-bearers, two 
 Bcrjeants, two drummers, and two fifers, thinking thereby, Avhen occa- 
 sion serves, to bo much the better able to sot forth and spare himself 
 But he has promised them payment according to the rates of their 
 ofliccH, whicli if not allowed a,ij;iiiu, his Mages ^Wll not be able to content 
 them. These officers aro essential to him. Desires to know whether 
 he in to account for tlie prcst money which he received, here or in 
 England ; for the Treiusurer here ciills upon him for the account, and 
 will only allow him a shilling a piec« for the transportation of the 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 317 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 March 1-i. 
 Calais. 
 
 March 14. 
 BouloRne. 
 
 March 14. 
 Newhaven. 
 
 March 17. 
 Boalogne. 
 
 March 17. 
 Gnisnes. 
 
 [1546-7.] 
 
 March 18. 
 
 Boulogne. 
 
 men, and for each man's cost only four shillings, where at the least, 
 they cost him five. [One j:)a(7e.] 
 
 69. Lord Grey to Sir William Paget. Recommends to liis favour, 
 William Poole, Gentleman Porter of Newhaver, against vk^hom some 
 accusation has been made, and who demands a strict examination 
 maj' be made of his demeanour, seeing he disavows the charge. 
 
 70. Sir Thomas Palmer to same. Thanks him for the loan of lOOZ., 
 paid to 111-. Young for him, and whicli shall be repaid ere long ; also 
 for his friendly handling of him touching his exchange. [Half a page.} 
 
 71. Lord Stourton, William Pyrtor, and Sir Eichard Cavendish 
 to the Council. Recommending the bearer, formerly leader of the 
 light horsemen at Blackness, to the parsonage of High Boulogne, 
 presently vacant. His policy and manhood thoroughly approved ; 
 he is apt and ready to serve as any other man of like charge on this 
 side of the seas, as they may well understand by his service done 
 during the life of his late master, Sir Ralph Elderker. [One page."} 
 
 72. Lord Grey to the Lord Protector. At nine o'clock this evening 
 has just received the Council's letter desiring him to ascertain if 
 John Barton, with certain Scottish ships, is at Dieppe. At the 
 opening of the gates in the morning (which shall be earlier than usual 
 for that purpose) shall dispatch a meet personage to ascertain the 
 same, and will apprize his Grace of the result as speedily as possible. 
 [Half a jyage.] 
 
 73. Sir John Wallop to the same. The Regent has left at Renti 
 200 prisoners, some pieces of ordnance and munition, a good quantity 
 of corn, and has caused two new horse mills to be erected there. 
 She has returned to Bruges by Boiirbourg and Gravelines, not 
 coming by Mount [Mons] reckoning it too late to fortify there if 
 the French, as she looks for, will make war this year. This, for his 
 part, he could wish. Hears no more of the Dauphin's going to 
 Brittany and Normandy, but that he has gone to see his children at 
 Amboise, adjoining to Anjou. Dr. Wotton, the Ambassador, can 
 apprize his Grace of these matters, as also whether Swiss or Germans 
 are coming down ; there is a rumour that 400 of the latter come. 
 Is to-day informed that there are none on this side Compeigne or 
 Roy, or any other than the ordinary men of war ; but one from 
 Rouen saw 300 warriors and a great number of pioneers brought by 
 sea, said to be only for the fortifying of Estaple. Also that the King 
 levies 300,000 francs on Rouen, and makes the greatest gathering of 
 money throughout France that ever he did. Has received his letters 
 of the 6th and 8th, by the latter of which, perceiving his desire to 
 have his portal wrought at Calais, is glad thereof, and has settled 
 the mason there accordingly. Besides the lack of men, had he gone 
 over he should have lacked the choice of stones, with which now 
 upon all chances, he may refurnish himself from the quarry. Thanks 
 him for considering the authority of his office, and the assurance of 
 his goodness towards him. [Two pages.] 
 
 74. Lord Grey to the Council. Urgently sues for payment to the 
 common soldiers and others, the want of such having caused great 
 
3l8 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 discommodity and misery as well as loss of credit. Sends the 
 bearer, Smyth, the Auditor of the town, with his books, as certificate 
 of what is due for the last four months. [Quarter of a page.] Inclosed, 
 
 74i. I. " The book of debt for March, Anno Regis Edwardi Sexti 
 prima." [Fourteen pages.] 
 
 March 18. 75. Sir Eichard Cavendish to the Lord Protector. Had received 
 Blackness, the Council's letter of the 11th, and requests permission to repair to 
 England, to confer as to the mole and other things necessary to be 
 done on the fortifications of Blackness. [Half a page.] 
 
 March 20. 76. Sir Edward Wotton to Sir ■William Paget. Thanks him for the 
 Caiiiis. attention which he has paid to his various requests, as communicated 
 to him by his friend Armigill Wade. [One page.] 
 
 March 21. 77. Sir John Wallop to the Lord Protector. Yesterday, after dinner> 
 Guisnes. had been informed by a messenger from Fiennes, that the Abbot of 
 Anderne [Ardres] had taken possession of a house there, which had 
 been farmed by John Arderne from the King by both of the 
 Commissioners. Being somewhat disquieted with this intelligence, 
 had thought of sending a dozen or twenty horses to dLspossefss him, 
 but on consideration, wrote to him a gentle letter to learn wherefore 
 he had done so ; to which he received the inclosed reply, as though 
 he came but to solace himself there, and for lack of fitting place 
 lodged in that house, and had given John Arderne, who chanced to 
 find him there, such words that he took his being in the house in 
 good part. This afternoon the Abbot came to him with a letter from 
 Blerencourt, in reply also to the letter which he had written to the 
 Abbot, which Blerencourt seemed to consider as addressed to himself 
 The Abbot having come as an accredited messenger, had replied to 
 him that the King takes it for Boulognois and has sworn by 
 Commissioners appointed as many as have taken lands there (of 
 whom John Arderne is one), and that those therefore shall keep 
 possession until both princes have determined the contrary, and 
 given commission for their dispossession. " And Mons. Abbot, 
 quoth I, if you had said you came to take possession thei-e, you 
 should have supped with me that night at Guisnes. He answered, 
 that in deed he doubted, hearing say that John Baker and John 
 Arderne were coming thither with certain horeemen ; and therefore 
 he excused himself that he came not thither to take any possession, 
 but to take the air of his natural country, and rather coveted to 
 lodge in that house that aforetimes had been his, tlian in a tavern 
 or alehouse. I asked him why he then found fault in breaking of 
 the hedges and in cutting down three or four trees to be carried, 
 to Guisnes 1 ' Marry,' quoth he, it grieves me to see that spoil 
 soeing the land is mine, and I trust to enjoy it shortly ; and yet 
 Tiot afore it is agreed betwixt botli princes. But you would have 
 kept it, quoth I, if I would have sufl'ercil you. He said to me again 
 iruirrily, ' I lusard that he had given it over to a knave Spaniard 
 that dwelloth at Beauliou, and yet had I rather to have kept 
 possession myself.' Herein your (irace may see how variable the 
 Frenchmen be in their copimunication." Remembering that this 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 319 
 
 154C-7. 
 
 March 21. 
 Calais. 
 
 March 22. 
 
 Calais. 
 
 ilarch 23. 
 
 G uisiies. 
 
 Abbot had been a spy for Lord Lisle, when here, began familiarly to 
 ask him what news there were of the Imperialists ? Received for reply 
 that the Regent, Avhen on these borders, had cassed a number of foot 
 at Gravelines and the other garrisons, which the Abbot thought 
 indicated peace with the French, who reckoned themselves more sure 
 of peace with England. The Abbot also said that eight days ago it 
 was rumoured at Ardres, St. Omer, Montrieul, and elsewhere, that 
 his Majesty was dead, and that this rumour was still cuixent, 
 which if true, it was supposed there would be great depression in 
 England. To this had earnestly resisted, stating that there was daily 
 communication with England, and no such thing was true. The 
 Abbot farther informed him that there were general musters of the 
 men at arms all over France, and none of foot, only because the French 
 King would see the bands of horse furnished again, which were 
 imderstood to be decayed, and that M. du Biez's band lay at Crotoy 
 and St. VaJery. Has received a letter from a Spaniard, whose name 
 h» does not remember to have heard before ; as the matter is long 
 and he is not perfect in the contents thereof, sends it (missing) with 
 those of the Abbot and Blerencourt. [Three pages.'] Inclosing, 
 
 77. 1. Letter from Jacques de laMotte,form,erly Abbot of Anderne. 
 Fiennes, March 20. [French. Half a page.] 
 
 77. n. Letter from M. de Blerencourt. Ardres, March 21. [French. 
 
 Quarter of a page.] 
 
 78. Sir Hugh Poulet and Sir John Harington to the Lord 
 Protector and Council. The bearer, Sir Anthony Aucher, can 
 declare the state of the former reckonings for victuals at Newhaven 
 and Blackness ; and of the remainder of such in the same forts and 
 Boulogne when they left, their Lordships have already been apprised. 
 Hear that an increase of Aucher's store of provision has arrived since 
 then for which he can account. Inclose a schedule of what remains 
 here for the better furniture of Newhaven and Blackness. [Half a 
 page.] [Schedule inclosed, half a page.] 
 
 79. Sir Hugh Poulet and Sir John Harington to the Lord 
 Protector. This day and to-morrow trust to complete their instruc- 
 tions with the Treasurer and Council here, so as to be able to make 
 a fall report to the Council when it shall please his Grace to recall 
 them. As the Lord Deputy is at present in England, hasty adver- 
 tisements hence appear to be unnecessary. [One page.] 
 
 80. Sir John Wallop to the same. The person whom he sent to 
 Ainiens and Compeigne has returned, and says assuredly that the 
 French King is sore sick or dead ; and that the Dauphin has an 
 army of 30,000 men, Swiss, Grisons and others, aboiit Dauphind and 
 Lyons, but to what purpose he cannot learn. But he had heard that 
 the French King has again practised for Milan, and that the 
 Duke of TJrbino, who is Captain-General under the Venetians, has a 
 great power assembled. Should this be true, it sounds somewhat like 
 the Spanish letter which he sent upon Monday, the 21st, along with 
 those from the Abbot of Anderne and Blerencourt, as that letter 
 stated that the French King had joined with the Venetians and the 
 Bishop of Rome. His messenger says that the peace between his 
 
320 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 154.7. 
 March 25. 
 
 Nevf haven. 
 
 1546-7. 
 
 Majesty and the French King is openly known to Le assured all over 
 France ; and that there is no more assembly of men-of-war than the 
 ordinary musters of horsemen. 
 
 P.S. If these news are true, this shall serve more for the assurance 
 of the French peace than Chantonnay's coming over, and shall do 
 no hurt for the Imperial peace. [One 2>uge] 
 
 81. Lord Stourton to the Lord Protector. The Council and he 
 have committed to Sir Hugh Poulet and Sir John Harington 
 certain remembrances relative to the requirements of the forts, and 
 they request that they may have a commission to hear and determind 
 causes, and also a commission for the Bailli of the Marches, sent 
 with all convenient speed. Desires his humble commendations to 
 the Duchess. [One page.] 
 
 82. Same to same. Requests that the bearers, Francis Colby, 
 William Parmenter, and David Herle, who have discharged the 
 duties of Customer, Water Bailiff, and Searcher since first coming 
 hither, without fee or present, may be paid for such services. 
 Desires his humble commendations to his Grace's bedfellow. [Half 
 a page.] 
 
 83. The same to Sir William Paget. To the same pm-port as the 
 preceding. 
 
 84. Lord Grey to the Lord Protector. Bequests that patents may 
 be passed for sundry oiRcers in Boulogne, or, if not yet consistent 
 with the pleasure of the Council to grant such patents, that a 
 prescription may be made of every office whereby each man may be 
 satisfied in his charge. [One page.] 
 
 85. Richard Blount to the same. Having on 25th August last, 
 received the Council's orders to deliver to Sir Richard Cavendish, 
 for the fort of Blackness, one last of powder and such other muni- 
 tion as he should require, he had delivered to him the parcels 
 contained in the bill here inclosed ; as also the accomplishment 
 for him by warrant of 27th September, excepting one sacre and 
 two falcons, which are ready when he pleases to send for them. 
 Desires to know his Grace's pleasure how he shall use himself 
 hereafter concerning the demands of Cavendish, for he is always in 
 hand with him for some wants. Also begs that the requirements 
 for this town and the marches may be had in remembrance ; tliese 
 have been presented to the Commissioners, every place severally in a 
 book, rather with the least than with the most. [One page.] 
 Incloses, 
 
 85. I. Parcels delivered to Carcndi.'ih by oi'der of Council of 
 26 Auijnut, 1516. Among them are turpentine, pou'der, 
 northern stave.-^, fjrs.sr/s and their lights, lcad,vioulds for 
 hiirquebiises, pots for wildfire, lint or match-cord, " petre 
 ill. rocke," sulpher, tar, train-oil, demi-cannon wheels, (S:c. 
 [One j)(t(76.] 
 
 March 27. 86. John Rogers, Surveyor of Boulogne, to the same. Since 
 
 Boulogne, being witli his Grace at the Court, has frequently been to the 
 
 Blackness and consulted with Sir Richard Cavendish, touching the 
 
 March 25. 
 Newhaven. 
 
 March 26. 
 Newhaven. 
 
 March 26. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 March 27. 
 Calais. 
 
EDWARD VI. 321 
 
 1547. 
 
 making of a temporary haven there. But unless the great -work can 
 be put in hand (which this year cannot for lack of provision), it is 
 almost impossible to make suddenly any such harbour there, that 
 any man will be willing to bring either ship, hoy, or plate [raft] 
 thither. There is, however, a bight beyond the fort against the 
 valley where his Grace lay in camp, that with the making of a 
 stone and lime wall of 400 feet, would serve at spring to land all 
 necessaries for the construction of a larger harbour or for the fortress. 
 Till this is made everything must be brought by land from New- 
 haven ; the greatest matter of carriage being coals to burn lime. 
 Desires to know whether he shall set in hand such little harbour or 
 else the walling of the fort, as it is impossible, for want of time, to do 
 both at once. Trusts the fort shall be able to tarry until this little 
 mole be made. "With the last, and the newly arrived, fleet has come 
 1,800 chaldrons of Newcastle coals, for which lis. per chaldron is de- 
 manded, and less will not be taken ; but when last in London he met 
 Mr. Bramlyn in Paul's, and desired him to haste the coals hither ; 
 and when asked by Bramlyn what the price should be, said he thought 
 9s. were a great price. Bramlyn said that for 10s. they would serve 
 and deliver here as many as the King should require, when he told 
 him to send the coals as appointed, and referred him to the Council, 
 as he wo\ild not meddle with the price. The French would fain buy 
 coals here, and at the first word offered 16s. sterling for a chaldron ; 
 so that his Majesty might be a great gainer if there were a staple of 
 coals here. The reparations of houses for victuals are still adoing 
 and never at an end. Aucher has now required him to make' two 
 osts to drj'- malt on, for he has brought to Boxilogne much barley, 
 whereunto belongeth floors to make it on. If the one be made 
 they will call for the other, so that the charges of the works wUl 
 thereby appear greater than they have been since Boulogne belonged 
 to the English. Requests to know whether he shall do it or not. 
 All the King's works here and at Newhaven go on reasonably well. 
 [Two pages^ 
 
 March 27. 87. John Brigantyne to Sir WiUiam Paget. The office which he 
 Blackness, holds was given to him by the late King : now Sir Richard 
 Cavendish makes him rank as petit-captain, neither to assist or com- 
 municate with him in any of his Majesty's affairs in the fort, 
 although when Sir Hugh Poulet and Sir John Harington were here 
 he was partly obliged to do so. Desires to know what position he is 
 really to hold ; the King's service shall be as well performed by him 
 in an inferior, as it would be in a superior name. His entertainment 
 is 10s. per diem, that of aU other lieutenants a mark, and provisions 
 here are dearer than elsewhere. He is driven to furnish a mess of 
 meat daily, which he shall scarcely be able to do. Requests the 
 Protector may be moved whether he shall be placed as lieutenant- 
 marshal, petit-captain, or other ; and if he might be marshal or 
 vice-marshal, then to have such officers under him as necessary for 
 the office, like as a clerk of the watch, a tipstaff and a gaoler, 
 and to inform Cavendish thereof. Suggests, for the better service 
 of his Majesty, that the horse and foot of the garrison should be 
 mustered once a month. Having obtained his appointment by 
 Paget 's influence, who had commended him for his levying the 
 
 X 
 
322 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1547. 
 
 March 28. 
 Calais. 
 
 March 29. 
 
 Boulogne. 
 
 Eod. die. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 March 29. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 March 29. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 Qenaau Iroops, lio Ih the more bold now to apply to him as his last 
 refuge. [One 'piv/n ami a h<iJ/-] Incloses, 
 
 87. I. " Reviemhra/ncea for Mr. Brlckenden." 1. He is to movetJie 
 
 Vrotectuv mid Council for the Captainship of Blackness, 
 shou IdCdveiidlsh depart, and to do so as opporturdty serves, 
 for Mr. Norton of Kent sues for tlie said room. 2. If 
 Cavendish is not dispossessed of his office, then to proeiire 
 letters from the Protector to the said Cavendish, declaring 
 the name of his office. 3. To move the Lord Adrnwralfw 
 answer of the letter sent to his Lordship concerning the 
 Admiralty of Newluiven. [One page.] 
 
 88. The Council at Calais to the Lord Protector and CoundL 
 Having given to Poulet and Harington perfect books of all things 
 connected with their recent commission here, in which they had 
 mentioned such decays and ruins as urgently and of great necesaiy 
 require present repair, they have sent the Surveyor of works to 
 England, to confer with their Lordships on these operations. [One 
 page.] 
 
 89. Lord Grey to the Lord Protector. Yesterday had certain 
 intelligence that the following Scottish ships are in France. The 
 Mary Willoughby is at Newhaven, and a small bark, of 60 tons, 
 
 foes out at every tide, being aided and victualled from time to time, 
 hey have 360 men, of whom some are French ; and of the whole 
 number, as in any enterprise some happen to be lost, they are there 
 furnished. The Great Spaniard, estimated of 200 tons, is at 
 Dieppe, having aid and succour there from time to time. The crew 
 rob and spoil the English vessels, and, as reported by the Soots 
 themselves, their number is 240. The residue of the Scots, five in 
 number, are gone into the trade. Understanding the hurt and 
 damage hereof, his Grace may seek such redress or revenge as 
 by his prudence shall be thought needful of speedy reformation. 
 [One page.] 
 
 90. Same to same. Is requested by the light horsemen here, 
 to solicit that portions of land may be appointed to them for the 
 keeping of their horses, without payment of any rent to the men-at- 
 arms, after such rate as may be determined to Sir John Bridges. 
 [Quarter of a page.] 
 
 91. Same to same. Yesterday nine ships arrived from New- 
 castle, part of the bargain made by the Council last winter. 
 There being no treasure of his Majesty here, requests that 200i. 
 may be immediately sent for payment of the sama The tides 
 being neap, and the water valod well near a foot, the greatest ship 
 bearing two tops and drawiinf 1 1 foot of water, came in without 
 touc^li of ffround ; and tlie last bonring one top, drawing 9 or 10 
 feet, came in at a yard valed. His Grace will tliereby perceive how 
 much the haven is anu'iidi'd. [One page.] 
 
 92. Same to Sir William Vagct. As it is reported that Sir 
 John Bridges, now gont^ to J^hiylmid, is not like to return, begs 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 323 
 
 1547. 
 
 March 31. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 March 
 Boulogne. 
 
 April 2. 
 Nevharen. 
 
 that his friend, Sir John Norton, may be appointed to the vacant 
 office. He is a young man of honesty and good service, with other 
 agreeable qualities. 
 
 P.S. — Doubts not but that Paget has in remembrance the motion 
 made in his behalf by his servant Myles, touching the patents, and 
 that he -will use policy in compassing the same so that it may take 
 effect without breach of amity. [One page.] 
 
 93. Lord Grey to the Lord Protector. Yesterday morning St. 
 Germain liad an interview with Sir Henry Palmer at the haven side, 
 requesting that along with Blerencourt he might be permitted to 
 land victuals at Ambleteuse for easier conveyance to Ardres. Palmer 
 had suggested Calais as a preferable place for the victuals being 
 dischai'ged, as they could be conveyed to Ardres by water, but St. 
 Germain still urged Ambleteuse. The quantity he said amounted to 
 only 200 horse load, and begged that in three or four days Palmer 
 would send answer to him thereon at Montreuil. St. Germain had 
 inquired what meant all the stones that lay on the farther side of 
 the water, and was informed by Palmer, that they were intended 
 for the making of a jetty for the succour of ships and mending of 
 the haven, which being a work equally beneficial for the French, he 
 thought they would do well to put their hands thereto. Howsoever it 
 contented him, St. Germain seemed to like it well. Desires to know 
 what answer shall be given to St. Germain, whose request being so 
 slender, he thinks is rather a finesse than matter meant indeed. 
 This morning M. de Rieulx sent a gentleman with a letter to him 
 (" of a sleeveless errand, as they call it "), at the end of which he 
 stated that he understood they were building a wall and a tower on 
 the farther side of the water, and inquired whether this was done by 
 agreement of the French King or otherwise, as he had no knowledge 
 thereof Had replied that they did indeed mean to build a wall for 
 the amendment of the haven, but no tower, and the work should be 
 equally commodious to them. One of his espials from France, 
 informs him that it is rumoured there, that the money is ready to 
 be paid for this town, and if delivery of it is refused, they are 
 prepared to assail the English, and will first attempt at Ambleteuse. 
 [One page amd a halfi] 
 
 94. General orders for keeping the accounts in the various depart- 
 ments of the garrison at Boulogne ; also for the conduct of the officers 
 and men, the practice of the harquebusiers, &c. [Six pages and a 
 half.} 
 
 95. Lord Stourton and the Council at Newhaven to the Lord 
 Protector and the Council. On the 30th of March Sir Richard 
 Cavendish, Captain at Blackness, sent to Lord Stourton one John le 
 Roy, denizen and bookbinder, dwelling in New Alley, beside 
 Comhill, at London, who had landed at Blackness that day, 
 bringing with him a packet of letters from the French Ambassador 
 in England directed to Marshal du Biez. Perceiving Le Roy to be 
 neither post, pursuivant, nor household servant to the Ambassador 
 and to have no passport or licence to leave the realm for such 
 
 X 2 
 
324 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1547. 
 
 purpose, tliey conceived suspicion in him and his proceedings, 
 concluding to visit his packet, wherein they found two letters, one 
 directed to the Mar.shal and the other to the Admiral of France. 
 After viewing that of the Marshal, they found it ciphered, by reason 
 of which they could gather no intelligence therein, except that the 
 beginning mentioned the death of some one which he hoped not to 
 be true, and so jjruceeded in cipher to the end, where these words 
 occurred " whereof I have thought good to advertise j'ou to the 
 intent that, being upon the frontiers, you may give order as shall 
 appertain." After this was done they closed up the letter again in 
 the packet with that for the Admiral, (by the bigness of which it 
 seemed other letters were therein inclosed,) and so made the present 
 packet as it cannot be perceived that any thing has been done at it. 
 They then sent Le Eoy to Sir Edward Wotton, Treasurer at Calais, 
 with the letters and intelligence that they had of the same, who 
 tidvised them to make Lord Grey privy to their knowledge, and that 
 if any stay were made of Le Roy, it should better be at Boulogne 
 than elsewhere. This advice was followed, and Lord Grey after 
 examining Le Roy, returned him to Lord Stourton, saying that he 
 would not meddle in the matter but left Lord Stourton to act as he 
 thought fit. Wherefore seeing that neither from Calais nor Boulogne 
 were they recommended to detain Le Roy, and considering the 
 amity between the two Sovereigns, they sent him off yesterday, 
 paying his charges during the time of his stay here. Submit this to 
 the Coimcil, and dejjire instructions how to act in any similar case, 
 where letters are carried by a private individual [Two pages aTid a 
 half] 
 
 April 3. 96. Sir John Wallop to the Lord Protector. Three or four days 
 Guispes. ago, certain people of Fiennes being at Ardres said to the Governor 
 there : — " ' We are now sworn subjects to the King of England, and 
 you say we shall be French shortly again. In the mean season we 
 lament the life we have there, without order taken for the adminis- 
 tration of justice, so that the same is dangerous and seemeth wild, 
 neither depending upon the law of the one Prince or the other.' 
 Whereto Blerencourt answered ' Taisez votis, taises vous, ne partez 
 V0U8 plus d cette heure de cela ; we shall shortly enter into 
 Boulogne and Boulognois, the English men remaining our good 
 friends,' and therewith brake off." The Comptroller of Ardres 
 had affirmed these sayings, and added that Baron de la Garde 
 made the report at his coming out of England. Hears that the 
 French have put in Bruningberg, which was said to be within the 
 limitf! of Boulognois, 40 or 50 footmen more than usual, and several 
 of whom lie inquired the cause of this assigned as a reason that 
 they were afraid the place should be taken by the English. One 
 who dwells within a mile of it, said that he was not aware of its 
 Ixung re-enforced, but that a ))erson in the parish where he lives was 
 taken and carried to Montreuil, on the charge of designing to deliver 
 the castle to the English. This, perhaps, is merely to give a colour 
 to the augmentation of their troops. The tales current among the 
 I'"rcnch and Imperialists as to the re-delivery of Boulogne are in- 
 nnmcriibh^ Is infonncd that the warlike preparations and money 
 colk'utcd ill France, are not intended for the redemption of Boulogne 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 325 
 
 154i7. 
 
 April 3. 
 
 [Fassion 
 
 Sunday.] 
 
 The Old Man. 
 
 April 3. 
 Blackness. 
 
 April 4. 
 Soalogne. 
 
 but against the Emperor ; and that a large number of Germans have 
 already come to Mezieres. [Two pages^ 
 
 97. Sir Thomas Palmer to Sir William Paget. In the former 
 Commission of Oj'er and Determiner his name had precedence of 
 Mr. Poynings', but in the new one Mr. Poynings' takes place before 
 his. Complains of this, for although it is somewhat of the woman 
 to pass upon these things, yet since the world receives such trifles 
 for estimation or decay of credit, and that it is specially dangerous 
 among men of war to rule without estimation, he thought it not 
 amiss to write in this case, yet not without some combat, for he 
 found himself not a little troubled to be any thing stung with such 
 fancy. Craves no more than was given him unsought for. It may 
 have proceeded from error of the writer, but in case his credit be less 
 than it was, would like to know the trutli, so that he might 
 endeavour himself to vnn it again. [Two pages.] 
 
 98. John Brigantyne to the Lord Protector. Orders having been 
 given by the Council that the garrisons should receive four months 
 pay. Lord Stourton paid his three weeks ago. The payment of 
 this one was stayed at the time till the books could be made up, 
 when Sir Richard Cavendish sent them to Wilcocks, the Treasurer's 
 clerk at Boulogne, and received from him on the 29th ult. as pay- 
 ment for the whole garrison, officers excepted, 300Z., all victuals 
 and their charges deducted. On the evening before Sir Richard 
 left for London, had requested him to remember that the poor 
 soldiers should have their pay ; but received for reply, that " he had 
 made up his books and Wilcocks would send him no money." Thus 
 they are uncer'tain when they shall receive what has been so long 
 appointed to be paid ; moreover some soldiers have intelligence of 
 this receipt, whereon they murmur and grudge, which shall be well 
 appeased and prevented. Would not wish to seem troublesome, else 
 before this should have complained to his Grace of the demeanour 
 of Cavendish, by whom divers and sundry politic governances have 
 been omitted, rather to the injury than security of the fortress, as 
 Poulet and Harington, to whom he had declared this, can testify. 
 [One page.] 
 
 99. Lord Grey to the Lord Protector. Leonard Gayton, who has 
 long been prisoner in France, is returning home, and has declared to 
 him the inclosed news. [Quarter of a page.] Incloses, 
 
 99. I. " The saying of Leonard Gayton, late prisoner in France." 
 Gayton states, 1. About last Midsummer, Martin, a 
 Frenchman, fellow prisoner with him at Montreuil, and 
 subsequently condemned to death for felony , told him that 
 if the late King would not render Boulogne, he was to be 
 nfiade away with by a poison of such nature as it should 
 not take effect until six weeks after being administered, 
 and from, the operation of which he could not escape unless 
 an antidote was iminediately given. By %vhom the poison 
 ivas to be given Gayton could not learn. 2. Since the Earl 
 of Warwick left France, a Gascon imprisoned fwith him, 
 said that Boulogne would be had well enough again; 
 
326 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1547. 
 
 and when Oayton said he thought not, for no money could 
 redeem it, " No," quod the Qaacon, " then will your King 
 have sour sauce for hie sweet meat, for he will be poisoned 
 or it be long too." 3. About a month before^ Christmas, a 
 servant of M. de Guise,vmpri8oned on suspicion of being 
 a spy for the late King, and who afterwards was executed, 
 told him that two Italiams were to go to England to give 
 poison to a certain great man about the King, and there- 
 after to his present Majesty amd the LadA) Mary. 4. The 
 same person said that were his present Majesty poisoned 
 first, the late King would have left the realm in such a 
 state as not to suit their purpose ; wherefore his death 
 was first resolved upon and then that of his son, when 
 in the confusion thereby created, the Dauphin would Icrnd 
 with an army at Tymouth [Tyn£.mouth] ha/uen, and join 
 the Scots. 5. Also, that after the late King's death, 
 the present one should not be poisoned until the French 
 King was dead. 6. Farther that in Framce no one looks 
 upon his Majesty as righteous born, or holds that the 
 Lady Mary can inherit, for that her m,other was deposed. 
 T. He also added, that if his father were dead the 
 Dauphin would offer money for Boulogne, and if it were 
 refused he would then besiege forthwith. 8. All this 
 had been corroborated last Christmas by one Poushyn 
 [Poussiri\ sometime servant to Bradfield, of Quisnes, 
 then a prisoner as supposed spy for the late King, and 
 now in the galleys; " offering farther that if the King 
 that dead is, did live Candlemas-day, let him be hanged." 
 9. Poussin also said that several oibout the late King, 
 and of the Council were better French than English. 
 [Onepage and a half.^ 
 
 April 6. 1 00. Sir Edward Wotton and Francis Hall to the Lord Protector 
 Calais. and CouncU. The bearer Hugh Smyth, having had warrant to levy 
 about London 300 men and to bring them hither, had received 
 therefor 2891. 3s. 4cZ. Being called upon to give account of his dis- 
 bursements, he demands in his book 14 days' wages, as due to his 
 band before they left London. On their saying that they could not 
 allow this, as they never knew wages allowed to any soldier before 
 the day of his arrival, instead of which they were allowed conduct 
 money and their transportation, he replied that they remained in 
 London much longer than 14 days after he levied them. Besides, 
 the rate of conduct money for each soldier is a halfpenny per mile, 
 and he charges two shillings and sixpence for each man from London 
 to Dover, which is rating the distance at 60 instead of 65 miles. 
 His other demands they think also exceeding large ; but having 
 compromitted them to their order they submit to the Council these 
 two demands, wherein they are unable to make any direction, be- 
 cause the man, as he says, having expended the money among his 
 soldiers, of whom already many, for their ruffian factions, have been 
 dismissed and others received into their places, he is not, in their 
 opinion, able to restore the same. Desire their pleasure as to these 
 that they may proceed both to the perfecting of his books and the 
 
EDWAED VI. 
 
 327 
 
 1547. 
 
 April 7. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 April 7. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 April 8. 
 
 Boulogne. 
 
 payment of the soldiers under him and Robert Coningsly, who, as 
 well as their victuallers, would right gladly receive their dues. [One 
 page and a half.] 
 
 101. Lord Grey to the Lord Protector. Has received intelligence 
 that three Scottish ships have taken 15 English vessels laden with 
 wine, and that two of the largest French ships at Homflete [Hon- 
 fleur] are being rigged forth to the wars. It is also rumoured that 
 aU those now at Newhaven shall be in like manner addressed. Hears 
 that 22 lighters have arrived at Abbeville from Amiens, freighted 
 with wheat, bacon, and other provisions ; that 700 men at arms are 
 to be placed upon the frontiers hereabouts ; that the French King has 
 paid his infantry for all the time they have served since the peace ; 
 and that they have enrolled 50,000 footmen to be in readiness. 
 Since his father's death the French King has cassed from the Court 
 the Admiral, Madame D'Estampes, M. de Longueville, and M. de 
 Tays, and has received again the Constable, Cardinal Bellay, and M. 
 D'Aumale. [One page.^ 
 
 102. Same to same. Interceding for one William Spensex", a 
 prisoner. [One page. Much mutilated.'] 
 
 103. John Rogers to the same. Gives minute details of the 
 operations at the different ports, which advance steadily, and 
 mentions a plan for converting the Blackness into an island, by 
 cutting through the land in the valley that goes from sea to sea, 
 " for so shall both flood and ebb run through the haven and make 
 it always deep." The bearer, who is a servant of Sir William 
 Godolphin, with the rest who have any skill of mining, have no 
 doubt but they can sink wells to the depth of the low water, which 
 will not exceed 10 or 12 fathoms in depth, and sink them 10 or 12 
 fathoms from each other, and so make drifts from the one well to the 
 other beneath, joining them aU together, save that next the sea, 
 which towards a spring when time is shall be opened, so that the 
 tide may go clean through, which will do much more in little time 
 than the hands of many men. The bearer, who is a miner, will 
 explain farther. The work can be executed in six months by 100 
 miners. Great want of carriages for the works. Recommends 
 monthly payment of the labourers. Can get no provisions out of 
 Flanders, as they wiU not take English money without abatement of 
 20 per cent., and say that the English merchants are the causers 
 thereof, since they themselves will only take it in Flanders for 
 Flemish money, and yet the Flemings say they have not cried it 
 down. Desires that such as have the King's hides and feUs of the 
 cattle killed at Boulogne may take up such necessaries there by 
 exchange, and deliver them at Boulogne for reasonable money. Has 
 received 1,600 chaldrons of coals from Newcastle, and 1,400 more 
 have to come ; but when the traders were last here they privily 
 bargained with the French to deliver them coals at St. Valery. 
 [One page and a half.] 
 
 104. Lord Grey to the same. Has received from one of 
 his espials confirmation of the intelligence communicated in his 
 letter of yesterday. The French King, who has the good wiU of his 
 
328 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1647. 
 
 April 8. 
 Guisnes. 
 
 AprU 11, 
 
 April! 2. 
 
 Newharen. 
 
 merchants as never French King had, has in readiness such a 
 number of artillery as was never before seen in France. There is a 
 large mass of victuals at Paris, besides the stores at Abbeville and 
 elsewhere ; and if his oifer for Boulogne is rejected, he intends 
 within six weeks to take them unprovided. Seeing that all the 
 accounts from his espials agree, and are confirmed by Englishmen 
 who have passed through the country, deems it his duty to urge 
 provision on his Grace. Urges that the seas, which were closed at 
 Lady-day, be again opened for the transport of provisions, else there 
 will be both a dearth and excess in the consumption of their stores. 
 Had to-day a letter from M. de Rieulx, expressive of the French 
 King's desire that amity should exist between De Rieulx and Lord 
 Grey. Suspects they wish to found a quarrel upon the works now 
 going on for the improvement of the haven. 
 
 P.S. — Being desirous to send his son and heir to school at Paris, 
 has received from the French King, by means of M. D'Estrees, promise 
 that in case of war he shall be freely delivered, and requests licence 
 from his Grace that he may go thither. [Two pages.^ 
 
 105. Sir John Wallop to the Lord Protector. On the 6th had 
 received his Grace's letter of the 4ith from Westminster, with his 
 determination that the portal should be altered, and immediately 
 wrote to Touchet, desiring him, if he did not fully comprehend the 
 instructions, to return the note by John de Renault himself when 
 he should be able properly to explain them. Touchet ha.s been em- 
 ployed as inspector of the masons since they came to Calais, and 
 his diligence is a great furtherance to operations. The Imperialists 
 do not seem to be making any warlike preparations. As Coningsby 
 returns to England, thinks it right to advertise of his honest 
 bearing and the good order of his men, and could have wished him 
 here at the first when the Lord Deputy sent hither his eldest son. 
 His wife returns her most humble thanks for being held in remem- 
 brance by his Grace. [One page and a half.] 
 
 106. The Council to Lord Grey. Inclosing schedules of the 
 numbers of men to be deducted from the respective garrisons, and 
 sent to England. The vessels which go with the coals will serve 
 for transports. [Two pages. Inclosures three pages, one of them, 
 autograph of the Lord Protector.] 
 
 107. Lord Stourton to the Lord Protector. The munitions and 
 ordnance sent from the Tower have arrived, and tlie portion 
 intended for Blackness will be sent thither as soon as carriages 
 can be provided for its conveyance. Urges that houses of stowage 
 may be provided for the victuals and munitions. Although the 
 French rumours are commonly uncertain, is determined to stand on 
 his guard against all events that may chance. They have here only 
 three lasts of good powdei-, nnd therefore beseeclies that five or six 
 lasts more may bo sent, with li\e mortars and pestles wherewith to 
 make fireworks and renew the powtlcr. Also moulds for the fal- 
 conet, falcons, sacre, and iloini-citlvoi'ius; and a bell of good sound 
 and bigness for a watch-bell, both to retire the people and cattle 
 abroad, and to give order with at the alarms when any such shall 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 329 
 
 1547. 
 
 April 14. 
 London, 
 
 April 
 
 April 14. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 April 14. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 happen. Requests all these may be sent immediately. Thanks him 
 for having taken the bearer, his son Charles, into his service, and 
 hopes he will behave as of duty becomes him. [One page and a 
 half.'] 
 
 108. Lord Cobham to Sir William Paget. Leaves for Calais this 
 evening, and would have been glad to have seen him before his 
 dep^irture, but has this day received his despatch at the Court, and 
 is ordered in consideration of certain weighty matters to cross over 
 with all diligence. Desires to be heartily remembered to Lady 
 Paget. [Half a paf/e,] 
 
 109. Instructions given by King Edward VI. to Lord Cobham, Sir 
 John WaUop, and Sir Edward Wotton, to meet with Commis- 
 sioners from the French King for the purpose of settling the 
 boundaries of the Boulognois, and particularly as to the tower of 
 the Church of Bourcin. Signed at the commencement by the King, 
 and' at the end by the Duke of Somerset, the Archbishop of Can- 
 terbury, the Bishop of Durham, William Lord St. John, John Lord 
 Russell, Thomas Lord Seymour, and Sir Edward North. [Five 
 pages.] 
 
 110. Lord Grey to the Lord Protector. Acknowledges his letter 
 of the 4th, and shall vigilantly watch the proceedings of the French 
 King and the Emperor, besides attending to the safety of this place. 
 Sends the venit and expenditure of the last month, so that the 
 necessary supplies may be forthwith provided. Again urges the 
 opening of the seas for all victuallers to repair freely hither. It 
 is necessary to have the bridge and gate made at the Old Man, the 
 nose of the bulwark towards the base town made up, and that 
 towards Calais heightened and rammed, and its flankers made per- 
 fect. Houses of stowage are also required there. Boulogneberg is 
 in reasonable good case, but more houses of stowage are required, 
 and Rogers has been instructed to attend to these points. The 
 answer to St. Germain's suit, and all other matters shall be duly 
 attended to. [Two pages and a half.] Incloses, 
 
 110. I 
 
 . " Victvuls remaining at Boulogne the l^th Apiil, 
 Regis Edwardi Sixti primo. [Broadside.] 
 
 Anno 
 
 111. Same to same. Yesterday received two letters from his 
 Grace, the one touching the doubts to be gathered from Cardinal 
 Pole's coming into Scotland, the other relating to the diminishing 
 of the garrison. Is somewhat troubled how to answer these, for 
 while on the one side there is a likelihood of the continuance of 
 amity, on the other there is great suspicion to the contrary. To 
 be plain, he wishes the numbers should rather be increased than 
 reduced ; for it has to be remembered, among other things, that 
 the Old Man is more exposed than before by reason of the surveyors 
 making up the point of the bulwark towards the base town, where 
 also is wanting both a bridge and gate (the new work within 
 being of small strength), which piece of the Old Man is of no small 
 importance. The season of the year when they shall know their 
 
330 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 164.7. 
 
 April 14. 
 Blackness. 
 
 April 15. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 April 16. 
 Calais. 
 
 neighbour's disposition is approaching, and it is to be kept in view 
 that the numbers in the French fort have been increased of late by 
 600 at the least, and that the work at the jetty contents them 
 not a whit. The Newcastle ships had sailed before receipt of his 
 Grace's letters : in two or three days will send the names of such 
 captains and bands as are meetest to be cassed, if any reduction is to 
 be made. [Two pages.] 
 
 ] 12. John Brigantyne to Sir "William Paget. During the absence 
 of Sir Richard Cavendish, the officers placed under Brigantyne's 
 temporary command have comported themselves disobediently to 
 him. Yesterday having ordered the soldiers, whom he finds very 
 tractable, to go to the market-place, one Nicholas Elmes, Clerk of the 
 Watch, " in derision said unto the soldiers, ' Get you hence unto the 
 sermon, or preaching.' " Farther, on the arrival to-day of the 
 artillery and munitions for this piece, having applied to Anthony 
 Hutton, Clerk of the Ordnance, for six of the new harquebuses, he 
 received for answer that " he will deliver none until his master's 
 home coming." William Cavendish, also, the son of Sir Richard, 
 who has lately come hither, compared and menaced him in his 
 lodging, and when he subsequently sent for Cavendish to speak with 
 him, he was told that if he had anything to say he should come to 
 Cavendish at the Captain's house. The object in sending for him 
 was to obtain an indenture as to the store of artUlery, which he 
 cannot procure either from Cavendish or the Clerk of the Ordnance. 
 Farther, having this day applied to another Cavendish, Clerk of the 
 Victuals, for an account of the remain of provisions, now very smaU, 
 was answered that " he would not obey me, do what I could." 
 These parties are instigated and supported by Lady Cavendish, 
 not for the first time; as she daily interlaces herself with the King's 
 afiairs. Requests that these matters may be reported to the Lord 
 Protector. [One page.] 
 
 1 ] 3. Lord Grey to the Lord Protector. With reference to the 
 Council's letter, touching employment in Flanders of such hides and 
 fells as come of cattle spent here, informs him that such as come of 
 the King's cattle are disposed of by Aucher at his liberty, and such 
 as come of the butcher's killing he has hitherto received from Lord 
 Grey to make his provision of herrings and other necessaries from 
 Flanders. As English money is not now current either in I^ance or 
 Flanders, he will require to be supplied with such money as will pass 
 for the contentation of his espials and other afiiairs, as they will not 
 take hides or fells from him. [Ovs page] 
 
 114. The Council of Calais to the Council. Tlie surveyor of this 
 town has found on the coast ujion this side of the White Sand, a 
 kind of stone, both profitable to fill up the jetties here and for 
 building, and has Hot nion to dig out and fashion the same stone. 
 As conveyance will be less chargeable by water than by land, 
 they suggest that a large flat-bottomod vessel of the porting of 
 80 tons or more, (U'vised by Sir Riiliard Cavendish, now lying 
 unemployf'il at Dovdv, should be sent over for the carriage of the 
 stones. The Treasurer having lately signified to the Lord Deputy 
 that the custom and subsidy of the wools and fells now shipped 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 331 
 
 154-7. 
 
 April 17. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 April 17. 
 Calais. 
 
 April 18, 
 Calais. 
 
 hither would not extend above 2,200J., and that he should lack 
 3,300Z. 7s. 6d. more for paying the wages of the garrison, due on the 
 6th curt., beg that this sum may be sent before the Deputy's return 
 from England, or at the farthest by his Lordship. [One page.] 
 
 115. Sir Richard Cotton to the Lord Protector. Arrived here on 
 the 14th, with treasure to pay the garrisons, and finds great neces- 
 sity and poverty, as well as at Newhaven and Blackness, the forti- 
 fications of which well proceed. The money which he has is not 
 sufficient for more than two months' pay, and the men are much 
 more indebted both for victuals and other necessaries, wherefore 
 requests that the poor men may be had in remembrance. [Half a 
 page.] 
 
 116. Sir Edward Bray to Sir William Paget. Paget when at Guisnes 
 had wished him to part with some lands in Staffordshire, which he 
 purchased from his late Majesty. This at the time he refused to do. 
 Is now, as Mr. Elderton can declare, reluctantly driven to sell them 
 for the exchange of other lands, by reason of a promise made to him 
 having been broken. Has in consequence desired Elderton to offer 
 them to him. [One page.] 
 
 117. Lord Cobham to the Lord Protector. Arrived here on 
 Sunday the 17th, having been letted by reason of contrary winds to 
 cross sooner. Is informed that the Flemings are in equal doubt 
 with themselves as to the intentions of the French, and have accord- 
 ingly appointed certain captains on the frontiers, as at Nieuport, 
 Dimkirk, and Burborough, to furnish up their bands of men-of-war, 
 to be in readiness to resist any sudden movement of the enemy. A 
 man of arms of this town tells him, that when at Ardi-es yesterday, 
 Blerencourt stated his expectation of beiag removed from the com- 
 mand there, by reason of his being related to Madame D'Estampes, 
 who is banished from the French Court. A merchant of Paris, who 
 came here yesterday, met between Amiens and Montrieul, various 
 men of arms, in companies of three, four, and five, but to no 
 great number, without drum, ensign, or captain. Montrieul was 
 very full of infantry, apparently for augmentation of the garrison 
 there. The same merchant brought letters containing the following 
 news, which he affirms are true : — The French King begins to ruffle 
 with his nobility. The Lord Admiral, who was recently in England, 
 is banished the Court, and his office given to M. de Sedan, alias 
 Robert de la Mark, as well as his government of Normandy to the 
 Marquis de Guise. The Constable of France, who had been banished 
 the Court during the life of the late King, is restored and made 
 Grand Governor of the realm. Madame D'Estampes and aU her train 
 and favourites, are banished the Court. M. D'Aubigny, brother to 
 the Earl of Lynes [Lennox], a Scottish Lord, whom his brother has 
 long kept in prison in the Bastilian in Paris, for his brother's offence, 
 has been enlarged. M. de Lorge, who commanded the French army 
 in Scotland, is committed to ward in the said Bastilian. " Finally, 
 he chaseth out of his Court all those whom his father loved, and 
 loveth whom his father hated." Has this day dispatched expert 
 and tried espials into France and Flanders : the missions of these 
 
332 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1547. 
 
 men will henceforth be very chargeable in consequence of the diffi- 
 culty of exchange of money in angels, being often shillings sterling, 
 and crowns of the sun at 18 and 19 groats. Intends to send his son 
 to the coronation of the French King, to the intent he may learn 
 some news there ; desires to know if this meets with his Grace's 
 ajiproval. A soldier of Ardres this morning showed him that last 
 Saturday victuals arrived at Estaple, conducted thither by galleys 
 for the furniture of the French forts. Has sent one there to know 
 the truth. Beseeches that the poor soldiers here, who sustain great 
 penury for lack of money, may be paid. Has appointed the bearer, 
 William Normanton, to bring the money, if his Grace is content. 
 
 P.S. — Daily contentions as to the limits arise between them and 
 the French ; the latter contending that his Grace had agreed the 
 whole parish of Fiennes to be within their limits. Begs to be informed 
 of the agreement of the limits in writing, trusting that in such the 
 Couswade and other parcels in contention before the wars have not 
 been forgotten. \Two pages and a half.] 
 
 April 18. 118. Lord Stourton and the Council at Newhaven to the Lord 
 Newhaven. Protector and Council. Have received their letters, and have 
 an earnest eye to the place, which as yet is imperfect, for that, the 
 mounts and cm'tains towards the sand hills lacking height, are so 
 subject to the said liills, as the enemy from them may annoy the 
 piece greatly to their danger. Wherefore if any change of time 
 should fortune, it will be requisite that either a sufficient number 
 of pioneers be speedily sent to raise these mounts and ramparts, or 
 else they shall need to be furnished with 2,000 or 3,000 men to 
 guard the hills and the piece in case of attack. Poulet and 
 Harington, having viewed the piece, can give full confirmation of 
 its state. Send statement of the victuals {missing). The stowage 
 houses being quite insufficient, Lord Stourton has caused two houses, 
 each 60 feet in length, and 24 in breadth, to be framed at Beltye, in 
 these marches, which, with diligence, shall be conveyed hither, and 
 set up. If carriages, whereof they are in a manner destitute, could 
 be had, thorough i)rovisions could be made of houses for stores and 
 for the soldiers, who still are lodged in thatched cabins, the danger 
 of which is obvious. Send statement of ordnance wanted (niissing). 
 The Surveyor is busy with the counter-muring of the ditches, which 
 will soon be completed, when he will proceed with the gate, of which 
 there is great need. Meanwhile they will not fail to provide rods 
 and faggots to rempair, and make hurdles and mands, with all else 
 which they can devise for the safety of the fort. [Two 2>^^gl's and 
 a half.] 
 
 April 18. 119. Lord Cobham to Sir William Paget. Arrived here on 
 Calais. Sunday tlio I7th, and should have been glad to have spoken 
 with him v.iv he left, if time had pei'mitted. Refere him to the 
 Protector for news of the l<'ioneh. Has written to the Protector of 
 liiH intention to send to France his son William, who he thinks 
 HJioukl offi'r his sorvico to the French King for a year, in which he 
 JH the. more likely to sticceed if he has a letter from the Protector to 
 the King or his Couiieil. Will not send him without Paget 's consent, 
 because he is his servant ; but sliould he allow this, will proceed 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 333 
 
 1547. 
 
 April 18. 
 Calais. 
 
 and send liis servant Jermyn with liis son. In this case, if the 
 Protector and he approves, requests letters in the young gentleman's 
 favour to Dr. Wotton, the Ambassador resident, so as he may some- 
 what set him forth. " Where I promised you an hogshead of Paris 
 wine ; truly the same was brought to London, and third thereof 
 broken out for lack of a crane to take it up, so as I could not 
 perform my promise. Wherefore I pray you to pardon me. For 
 that one hogshead, I will send you one whole tun of French wine, of 
 the purest and best sort, so shortly as I can. Also I have sent to 
 my Lady your wife, according to my promise, some asperges [aspara- 
 gus] seed." The Protector having promised, that if the world is 
 quiet, he may return home again for a time, beseeches Paget's good 
 word in that part when opportunity shall serve. [One page and a 
 quarter.'] 
 
 120. Lord Cobham to the Lord Protector. Has this day spoken 
 with the merchant of Orleans, called Nicholas Petan, who told him 
 that he left there about 15 days ago ; and although on his way to 
 Boulogne he saw few men of arms, the common rumour was, that 
 there were assemblies of them in sundry places to go into Piedmont. 
 Subsequently he showed him secretly that he would return by Paris 
 to learn from his friends there, alleged to be many and of secret 
 knowledge, what enterprises are entertained, and therewith inform 
 Lord Cobham, who for that purpose now sends one of his servants 
 with him to Paris. Among other matters Petan had inquired in 
 what state the religion of England was now set, saying that he fears 
 the present French King wiU be more extreme and cruel to the reli- 
 gion than his father was, seeing that the Constable is a person that 
 does not favour it. " Whereby I do note the man to be of a right 
 honest judgment." He is also a man of substance, and in order 
 that he may convey intelligence without suspection, will be content 
 to bring wines of the best quality to Calais, and to deliver them this 
 year for his Majesty's store and his Grace's provision for 51. sterling 
 per tun, and the same next year at less price by four crowns a tun. 
 Understands that the Captain of Ardres had expressed to a gentle- 
 man his desire to know when Lord Cobham was returned to Calais, 
 as he would be glad to see him to appoint a day for their hunting 
 together. Will apply himself thereto, if it shall be his Grace's 
 pleasure, which however he first desires to know. [One page.] 
 
 April 18. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 121. 
 
 the 
 
 same. 
 
 re- 
 
 Lord Grey and Sirs Henry and Thomas Palmer to 
 Perceiving that their neighbours of the fort daily 
 paired to view the new works of the jetty at the haven, Lord Grey- 
 ordered some of the Council should in like manner every day go to 
 see what went on ; and yesterdaj', the two Palmers having met there 
 M. le Baron, who is now lieutenant to M. de Rieulx, lately come 
 from the Court, and M. de Broyne, lieutenant to Villefranche, a con- 
 versation ensued between them, which was opened by the French 
 observing that the fort advanced apace. They were informed that it 
 was not a fort, but a jetty, for the mutual convenience of French 
 and English ships, which, as they might see, was very necessary,, 
 and that no ordnance was to be placed upon it. The French ob- 
 served, that since it was not a fort they might do as they pleased^ 
 
334 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1547. 
 
 but if it were, it neither might nor would be endured. They then 
 inquired, what news of the Protestants ? and were answered, none, _ 
 except it was understood tliey had great hope in the French, and' 
 began to gather men. Tl>e French tlien proposed a walk, which was 
 agreed to, and they proceeded in the direction of the fort. The French 
 said that ere long the Protestants would have 60,000 men in the 
 field. " God send them well to do !" said the Palmers ; " and we 
 also," rejoined their companions, " desire no less, for there is no 
 faith in that Emperor." They proceeded to say, that the present 
 King saw enough in his father's lifetime, and intends to be revenged 
 on him ; not perhaps this year, but if once sure of the English, or 
 only of their sitting still, next year most certainly he should make 
 war ; that he has already sent many to Piedmont for fortifying 
 and maintaining the garrisons there, and minds to demand Milan, 
 Artois, and other things ; that on these frontiers he wUl fortify no more 
 than what has been commenced ; that they were removing to the 
 fort the stores which had been laid at Portet for its fortification, 
 and intended to make no haven there, as the charge would be too 
 gi-eat, and to small purpose, seeing that they wished to have Boulogne 
 again by maniage or exchange, but, by one composition or another, 
 Boulogne they miist have. Sir Thomas Palmer being asked if Amble- 
 teuse was strong, affirmed, if the King had one piece stronger than 
 another, it was that. The French considered that it does not serve 
 the English so weU as it would have served them, for they might 
 have laid their ships there, distressing the supplies by sea, while the 
 garrison would have impeached the passage of Calais. Sir Thomas 
 objected that this would have been hard to do, as the haven there is 
 dry, and at every low water in the night, their garrison being 
 stronger than that of the French, would have destroyed theii- ships, 
 while by land the French could have done little harm. This last 
 point they admitted, but said that by sea they could have done what 
 they listed ; their ships having always been afloat where they could 
 have taken no hurt, and could have issued when they saw cause. 
 M. le Baron then referred to the political views of the Emperor, who 
 he said, wished to marry the daughter of England, to the intent that 
 he might the better enter into the realm, and considering that the 
 King was young, the Government conducted by divers heads, and the 
 country tickle to stir upon small occasion, thought to take advantage 
 of these several points for his revenge. Wherefore the English ought 
 to wish special success to the Protestants, of whom if the Emperor 
 had the overhand he would think himself able to ask every man how 
 he believed. On this. Sir Henry Pidmer refuted M. le Baron's 
 opinion ; and in regard to the tickleness of England, said that not 
 only was it then in full quietness, but that never was it so wavering 
 that any foreigner took advantage of it. The conversation then 
 turning upon the practicability of invading England, M. le Baron 
 said that he had been in the Isle of Wight, and other places, and for 
 ought ho could perceivd, before they could gather any number to 
 fight he would take such a footing that it would not be easy after- 
 wards to remove him. Being twitted witli the loss of one of their 
 chief captains and others in the Isle of Wight, and being repulsed 
 before they came where the force lay, he admitted this, but said that 
 
EDWAED VI. 
 
 335 
 
 1547. 
 
 April 19. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 Eod. die. 
 Greenwich. 
 
 April 21. 
 
 Calais. 
 
 he saw what might have been done with proper governing, there 
 being many places where to land and only one fortification, which 
 could not abide ten shots of the cannon, while all the other forts of 
 the country were of small strength. To this it was answered, that 
 seeing they meant well, they therefore took their remarks in good 
 part ; but said, " We assure you that England is one of the most 
 difficult realms to set foot on land for a foreign prince, that is this 
 day in Christendom ; for he cannot come to the shore without likeli- 
 hood of great loss in the landing ; and when he is landed, he must 
 come as to the sault the first day ; and after that, if he pass it, he 
 must yet look to fight every day, and to have battles oflfered him 
 without end. And as our fortifications are not so easy to be beaten 
 as you think, so though they were never so strong, it is not Eng- 
 land's profession to trust in lime and stone. And if there were 
 want of anything when you were there, be you assured, it hath been 
 seen and redressed since ; for your sudden attempt in England, to 
 be plain with you, warned us in some things ; and therefore we say 
 to you as to our friend, England needeth at this day as little to care 
 as any other realm." The Frenchmen swore by their troth they were 
 glad of it, and then mentioned what changes had taken place in 
 France. Among these (in addition to what Lord Cobham had heard, 
 see No. 117, antea) M. deVendome is made Lieutenant General of 
 Picardy, and Du Biez, his lieutenant ; M. de Hely, Governor of 
 Hesdin, is dismissed ; and St. Germain, who is now at Ardres, has 
 charge of all the fortifications in Picardy, to complete and alter as 
 he likes. All taxes and tolls are put down throughout the realm. 
 They mentioned also the banishment of Madame d'Estampes, who 
 has been " commanded to repair home to her house with aU her 
 college of ladies;" and then, having reached the gate of the fort, gave 
 the Palmers a coUation, thereafter accompanying them to Portet, 
 where they saw 30 carts carrying stone to the fort, and two or 
 three ships laden with Newcastle coals landing their cargo. Have 
 tried to find the names of the Newcastle men who brought the 
 coals, but who have left, and having learnt that a victualler of 
 Colchester has delivered some beer to the French, have given orders 
 to apprehend him when he leaves, for such punishment as his Grace 
 may appoint. [Nine pages.} 
 
 122. Lord Grey to the Lord Protector. Recommends some per- 
 son's suit. 
 
 P.S. — The fortifications of the Old Man, and the heightening and 
 vamuring of the bulwark next Calais, are already let to task to 
 soldiers, which does not impeach or hinder any of the other works in 
 progress. [One page. Much mutilated.] 
 
 1 23. [The Lord Protector] to Sir Richard Cotton, Treasurer of 
 Boulogne. His letter of the I7th, mentioning that the soldiers 
 murmur for want of sufficient pay, has been received. More money 
 will be sent soon ; in the meanwhile let him persuade them with 
 good words to be contented. [One page. Minute.] 
 
 124. Lord Cobham to the Lord Protector. On the 18th had 
 sent the trumpet of this town to Montreuil and Estaple under the 
 
336 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1647. 
 
 April 22. 
 Calais. 
 
 April 24.. 
 Calais. 
 
 pretext of searching for a servant alleged to have absconded, as may- 
 be seen by the letter inclosed. The trumpet returned to-day, and 
 assures hiin that there are no more than the usual number of soldiers 
 at Montreuil, and no report of any more coming, neither of any 
 reinstatement thereof. At Estaple he viewed the works and the 
 haven, where little progress has been made during the last four 
 months, althougli 40 masons and many women are labouring there 
 at present. Could hear of no arrival of victuals there, and saw no 
 galley or ship in the haven, except three hoys. Returning by Har- 
 delot he observed that the castle there and the walls are taken down 
 and much lower than formerly ; also that mucli wood has been cut 
 in the neighbourhood, in which is a great nest of thieves and mur- 
 derers. [One page.] Incloses, 
 
 124. I. Letter from the Oovernor of Estaple, M. Tnnardbedel, 
 
 dated-April 20th. If the servant can be found he shall 
 be apprehended and sent to Lord Cobham. [Half a page. 
 French.'] 
 
 125. Lord Cobham to the Lord Protector. An Easterling mer- 
 chant who arrived to-day informs him that Duke Maurice ha.s re- 
 cently revolted and is reconciled to the Duke of Saxony ; that the 
 Emperor has gone to Bohemia to pacify rebellion against Ferdinando, 
 who would have had them to war against the Duke of Saxony, 
 which they refused to do for religion's sake ; and that the French 
 King has sent a good sum of money to the Landgrave, in order that 
 he may renew his army and join with others against the Emperor. 
 [One page.] 
 
 126. Same to Sir William Paget. The intelligence which he 
 communicated in his last letter to the Lord Protector has to-day 
 been confirmed by a friend from Antwerp, who also mentions that 
 the Bohemians have elected a new King. From Picardy one of his 
 espials has this day returned, having visited Amiens, Corbie, and 
 Compeigne, in neither of which did he find any men of war or heard 
 of any hostile intentions towards the English, it being even doubtful 
 whether war is to be moved against the Imperalists. At Amiens the 
 fulling mills are now converted to the beating of gunpowder ; and 
 at Compeigne are 30 pieces of brass ordnance, whicli were brought 
 there before the last King's death. Amiens, Abbeville, Corbie, 
 Compeigne and other places on the frontier are furnished with 
 30,000 quarters of wheat; the price of a quarter being now three 
 shillings and fourpence sterling. His espial from Rouen has not yet 
 returned, but a credible friend from Flanders, who was at Rouen 
 six days ago, says that the ships there which Avere formerly ready 
 are now unrigged, and all the soldiers allowed to go where they list 
 till the 25th of May, unless they are countermanded. His espial 
 on return visited Arras, Bethune, Aire, and Saint Omer ; these were 
 furnished with a good number of Lii}H<nal cavalry. His espial 
 heard it announced in Picardy that the French King will not ratify 
 the articles of the iuHt treaty passed by his Ambassador and the 
 Baron de la Garde in England. This has caused Lord Cobham to 
 stay his son's jom-ney to the French Court, until the Protector's 
 
EDWARD VI. 337 
 
 loi7. 
 
 pleasui'e therein is known, although all things for him have been 
 made ready at great charge, especially in loss of exchange of money 
 for his voyage. Desires to know his Grace's pleasure whether he 
 shall go or remain for a time. [One page and a half.} 
 
 May 4. 127. Sir Thomas Palmer to the Lord Protector, Complains that 
 
 The Old Man. the High Marshal and Comptroller of Boulogne interfere with his 
 authority and government in the Old Man. Details a recent dis- 
 pute between him and Bridges, and incloses a copy of his original 
 commission. [Four pages and a half.] Incloses, 
 
 127. I. Copy of his appointment, dated Oreenwich, Jv/neS, 1545. 
 [One page and a half] 
 
 127. II. Copy of the preceding letter. [Five pages and a half] 
 
 May 5. 128. Sir Thomas Palmer to Sir William Paget. The Marshal 
 
 The Old Man. and Comptroller here demand more ambition than others have done 
 before, and in his opinion rather for glory than service. Has 
 written to the Protector on the subject, as he will see by the copy 
 of his letter. Requests he will peruse the orders of the castle of 
 Guisnes, as in his foolish opinion it were not iU the like were 
 followed in other places. 
 
 May 6. 129. Lord Grey to the Lord Protector. Yesterday M. Chastillon 
 
 Boulogne, and M. D'Estrees arrived at their fort, and at their coming they 
 shot ofl" all their ordnance in great triumph. The latter came to 
 visit him, intimating the desire of Chastillon to have an interview 
 with him this morning on the other side of the water, and men- 
 tioned that the object was to confer as to the operations at the 
 haven, which they considered to be intended for a fort. During 
 the conversation with D'Estrees, who remained all night with bim, 
 the latter repeatedly mentioned the high opinion which his master 
 the French King entertained of Grey, and the large sum which he 
 would give for such another oiScer, whereby it seemed as if D'Estrees 
 sought somewhat to practise with him. He also had inquired 
 whether all in England agreed well in opinions ; and being answered, 
 " Never better," — " I ween, quoth he, not all ; for the Bishop of 
 Winchester agreeth not with some of the rest." Grey remarked, 
 " We make small account of him, nor a great many such ; for 
 though they were evil disposed, they can do no harm. But I know, 
 of what opinion soever he be, his credit, to be plain with you, can 
 neither do good nor hurt ; and you must consider the thing, that it 
 is neither this opinion nor that, that will move our men to forget 
 their duties to their Prince." D'Estrees then inquired whether the 
 Duke of Norfolk was dead or alive ? and was informed that he was 
 alive. Next morning Chastillon and he had their interview ; the 
 former demurring to the alleged fortress, and when shown that it 
 was not, but only a jetty, replied that it was true, but in the event of 
 a war it might be used for a strength, and they could not deny it ; 
 for the Tower of Order is a cavalier over it, and the base town 
 flanks the outside. The idea of hostile intentions being repudiated, 
 and cause of offence, if amity was bond fide entertained, demon- 
 strated not to exist, Chastillon complained that they raised it with 
 
 Y 
 
338 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1547. 
 
 two walls, filled between like a fortress, and made it so liigh, that 
 afterwards they might put men upon it without the possibility of 
 impeachment. It was explained that the making of the haven 
 ■with two walls and filling with sand, is to save stuflF, or else the sea 
 would require to have the wall all massy to the breadth of the 
 two walls, and that the filling and the height is to raise it above 
 the high-water mark, in order that lime and other stuff be not 
 washed away at every full sea, as is now the case, to the great 
 hindrance of the worl?. Grey farther stated, that in event of war 
 they would rather destroy it themselves than the French should 
 enjoy it ; but being of good purpose, desired it should be so 
 received. " Well, M. de Grey," said Chastillon, ' I will depart from 
 you for this time, and shall be so bold to visit you again at my 
 return this way upon Monday next, and will take a supper with 
 you ;' and thus we departed." [Six pages.} 
 
 May 20. 130. Lord Cobham to Sir William Paget. The trumpeter of this 
 Calais. town, whom for that purpose he had sent to Ardres this morning, 
 assures him that no troops have arrived there, and that none are 
 expected. The Captain of the town had also sent him by the trum- 
 peter very friendly words, affirming on his honour that no new 
 soldiers had come there. Richard Brooke has just arrived with 
 letters from the Council; it would be no little comfort if Paget 
 would write to him. [Half a page.} 
 
 131. Same to same. Being, by reason of the rumours of French 
 papers, placed in some doubt, desires to be informed what they hear 
 of those in England. Entreats that Hugh Counsel may be returned 
 hither speedily with money to pay the garrison. [Half a page.} 
 
 132. The Council to [Lord Grey ?] Injunctions and homilies "for 
 the better setting forth of the true honoring of God and extinguish- 
 ment of all superstitions and popery" have been issued, and copies 
 of these are sent for delivery to the curates and others within the 
 limits of High Boulogne. [One page. See his Majesty's Journal, 
 in " Literary Remains of King Edward VI.," Vol. ii., p. 214, 
 printed for the Roxhurghe CTufc.] 
 
 133. Assignment by John Knight, Town Clerk of Calais, to 
 Thomas Bury, Merchant of the Staple, of his mansion in the parish 
 of St. Maiy the Virgin, in Calais, with the great wool-house ad- 
 joining, and the two gardens and all thereto pertaining. Which 
 tenement is bounded by the mansion of Richaixl Lennard on the 
 south, and that of William Stephens on the north, and was pur- 
 chased by Knight from Francis Wilforth, of the City of London, 
 gentleman, and Alice his wife. [Broadside on vellwrn; seal lost^ 
 
 1 547 [?]. 134. " A note of nrtielos for Calais." A memorandum as to books 
 of colli ficates from the Trea'<\irer, Surveyor, and Commissioner, 
 the mustering of tbo garrisons, inspection of the fortifications, 
 monthly payments, &;c. [One page. A utograph of Petre.] 
 
 1547 [?]. 135. Lord Grey to the Lord Protector. Complains bitterly of the 
 [Boulogne.] insubordination and disrespectful conduct of Sir John Brydges, and 
 
 May 21. 
 Calais. 
 
 May. 
 
 Oct. 31. 
 
 Calais. 
 
EDWARD VI. 339 
 
 1547. 
 
 requests either that he may be permitted to resign his office, or may- 
 serve with such reasonable members as know their duty towards 
 their head. [One page and a half. Copy.] 
 
 1547 [?]. 136. " The estimate of the King's master-carpenters [John Bird, 
 
 William Baker, and Robert Saunders], for the houses to be builded 
 upon the Maynbrooke." [Three pages.] 
 
 1547-8. 137. John Brigantyne to Lord St. John. Has received the 
 March 13. Council's letter of the 10th, and has this day sent an espial to the 
 [Blackness.] French camp. Sends account of the victuals remaining in Black- 
 ness, of which the store is so small that he is driven to send to 
 Boulogne for as much as will serve for six or eight days, and receives 
 for answer from the officers there, that they know not whether 
 Aucher or Cavendish have taken upon them the furniture of this 
 piece. Beseeches some speedy redress in this behalf [One page.] 
 Incloses, 
 
 1 37. I. Statement of victuals remaining in Blackness. [One 
 page.] 
 
 1548 [?]. 138. Sir Henry Palmer to the Lord Protector. Sends intelligence 
 May 3. received from one of his espials, translated into English. Requests 
 
 The Old Man. that a watch bell may be sent, having thereof a great lack. The 
 espial will not in any wise come often in these parts for fear of sus- 
 pect, unless some matter of much importance happens. Has required 
 him to go to Auxy-le-Chateau and to Cressy to ascertain the 
 intentions of the Germans and the French. [Half a page.] 
 Incloses, 
 
 13S. I. Intelligence referred to above. It is reported that the 
 Count Rhinegrave, with eight ensigns of Germans, are to 
 be shipped at Nevjhaven and Treport. Oliver Wanerand 
 of Boulogne informs him that at JSFantes there are three- 
 score galleys ready to go to Scotland, and such a number 
 of ships as the like has not been seen. Merchant vessels 
 and others are arrested for the wars by order of the King. 
 Also, that 50,000 men of war, both horse and foot, are 
 ready. The whole ships are in number 300, and after 
 they have landed the troops in Scotland, they shall 
 return amd blockade Boulogne. There is a rumour 
 that the King of the Romans and the King of Spain, who 
 are at present with the Emperor, shall come hither. This 
 causes the French to doubt, and the King has sent many 
 abroad to make inquiries. Should the French besiege, 
 one great means of annoying them tvill be to destroy all 
 the mills on this side of Montreuil, for their munitions 
 are in wheat, and the mills of Montreuil are unable to 
 grind their furniture. There are 30 galleys coming to 
 Nantes from Mezieres and Marseilles, manned by men of 
 their own, and not of the King. The French boast that 
 they will do some great thing. The Constable of France 
 is very sick. MM. de la Rochepot and Chastillon were 
 lately in Council at Hesdin, but the latter has gone to the 
 Court, and the former to Ancre, after giving orders that 
 
 Y 2 
 
340 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 15i8, 
 
 May 3. 
 
 Boulogne. 
 
 May 4. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 May. 
 [■Boulogne.] 
 
 May (1. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 the French fort shall he well walled and ditched, and 
 Ludovic is left at A uxy-le-Chateau and Creasy with ei(jht 
 ensigns of Oer I nans. Tim mills may he easily destroyed, 
 hy the home me lb ofCalois ami Guisnes without danger, 
 talc'inc] v'ilh ilmn Jire inniruments. Will inform him 
 which oiillls are now in operoti'yn. [Two pages and a 
 (/((av/f)'.] 
 
 139. The Council at Boulogne to the Lord Protector. The bearer, 
 Patrick Duff, one of the soldiers in the Young Man, is discharged, 
 by reason of being so maimed in a skirmish upon the sands that 
 he is unfit for service. They therefore recommend him to his 
 Grace's consideration. [Quarter ofapKjc.'] 
 
 140. Same to same. Have been informed by their friend Ninian 
 Sanderson, master-gunner of the Old Man, that he has learned by 
 his wife and others lately come from London, tliat bis goods there 
 have been confiscated and stayed there for his Majesty in the hands 
 of the Mayor and Sheriffs, by rea.son of a report that he had deserted 
 to the service of the French fort. Wherefore knowing the man to 
 be untruly and evilly slandered, and that he is a true man, and of as 
 much honesty, diligence, and forwardness in his Majesty's service at 
 all times as any man in the like place on this side of the sea, they 
 request his Grace to see justice done to him. [One p(i<je-\ ] 
 
 141. John Roixers to the Council. Eecoived their letter of the 
 26th ult. on the 4th inst. by Richard Jlynsterley, pursuivant, stating 
 that they have been informed he has no regard to the gate and 
 bulwark in the sandhills at Newhaven. Trusts that Lord Stourton 
 and the rest of the Council can testily to his desire to .set these 
 forward ; but it is easier for idle men to keep when it is made, than 
 to make anything. If they refer to the mole here, he has given over 
 saving to finisli what has been begun, in terms of their letter of 
 the 21st April ; as for that at Newhaven, has only left six workmen 
 to take foundations, and the rest are barely occupied on the bulwark 
 in the sandhills. The stuff for the gate is much carried and is still 
 in canying, and it shall be done as speedily as possible. It is little 
 wonder that he being a poor man should not be able to please so 
 many idle people as are liere, having nothing to do but to imagine 
 to trouble. Desires to know what account of his he should make to 
 the Treasurer and Auditor, that should be tlio let to his i-eceiving 
 any money who sues for none. Trusts his aocoiint shall soon be 
 made, and would to God the work might as soon be paid, for 
 ho has received no other money but 200 marks from Sir John 
 Williams, and 1,000/. from Mr. reikhain, which 1,000/. he delivered 
 whol(^ to Sir Thomas Lcvon, late payniasfor here, and for which 
 lia.s ills bill. The 200 marks an- icaily in his hands when the 
 l)aymaHl.ci' may want tliciii. lias no other aicouut to make, but 
 Ills h(^'irt is not ar llKlii heavy that his iloiiigs give no greater satis- 
 faction, when lui (lovoti's liimself by day and by night exclusively to 
 his Majcsly's service. [One page ami a ha1f,\ 
 
 1 l'2. iSir John Brydgos to tiie same. In accordance with his 
 letter of the lath nil. released clearly all the French ships then 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 341 
 
 1548. 
 
 remaining here, 
 
 Since then two were arrested by order of the law, 
 at the request of some Englishmen who commenced actions of debt 
 and detainers against them. His Grace, Ijy letter of 2d inst,, 
 desired to know the cause of their detention ; since its receipt one of 
 the vessels has been released by agreement of the parties, the matter 
 concerning it being a debt between Job Pierson of Bas Boulogne, 
 and John Le Grand of St. Valery. The other still remains awaiting 
 the result of an action of detainer, wherein it is alleged that its 
 owner wrongfully withholds both the ship and goods of John Love 
 and John Lewson, Englishmen, co-partners, at St. Valery, to the 
 value of 100?. sterling. As to the chart or plat, of which M. de la 
 Rochpot makes so much matter, alleging it to be made of his motion 
 and consent, declai-es he is entirely ignorant of it, and as yet knows 
 not the man that made it. But as his Grace wishes him to send a 
 pei-son to M. de la Rochepof to speak with the man who confessed the 
 chart to be of such places as he tells, will dispatch one for that pur- 
 pose to M. de Langey, alias Bellay, le Roi Tyftof [d'Yvetot], who 
 commands dui-ing the temporary absence of M. de la Rochepot, as will 
 be seen by the copy of De Langey 's letter inclosed. As to delivering 
 the French prisoners to M. de Rieulx, and receiving in exchange 
 Lother [Lowther] and the other English, Villefranche, lieutenant of De 
 Rieulx, who is absent, returns for answer that he knows no such men 
 and yet requires to receive theirs. Desires to know what he should 
 do, as several have recently deserted, and the French will not give 
 them up. Hears by espials that the Rhinegrave is on the eve of 
 embarcation with eight ensigns of lansquenets, and that the others 
 of the same company at Cressy and Auxy-le-Chateau have come to 
 Montreuil. Also that great preparations go forward, and it is 
 secretly said they intend shortly to invest Boulogne both by sea and 
 land. Suggests that more men should be sent hither. Desires to 
 know what should be done with the Picards, their wives and chil- 
 dren, and whether they shall put to wages such of them as are able 
 to serve, as they themselves leave it to his discretion. If they should 
 be refused, doubts whether any of the able bodies will remain here. 
 [Two pages and a half.] Incloses, 
 
 142. I. Letter from M. du Bellay, Fort d'entre Eau, May 2, men- 
 tioning that he cow,mands there during the absence of M. 
 de la Rochepot. [One page. French.] 
 
 142. II. Memorandum of the two French ships detained, and the 
 cause thereof [Half a page.] 
 
 May 7. 143. Sir John Brydges to the Lord Protector. Sends intelligence 
 
 Boulogne, received from an espial in France (missing). Should the French 
 
 attempt to build any such fortress as is mentioned therein, desires to 
 
 know whether it shall be resisted or suffered. [One page and a half] 
 
 144. Same to same. Intercessory for one Barvard, the bearer. 
 [One page and a half. Torn perpendicularly, one half only 
 remaining.] 
 
 May 7. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 145. The Council at Boulogne to the same. Sends by the 
 bearer, Ninian Sanderson, master-gunner of the Old Man, the book 
 
342 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 164.8. 
 
 May 7. 
 
 Blackness. 
 
 May 12. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 May 14. 
 
 of the muster of the ordnance, and the account of what remains of 
 the mmiitions here, as well as of what is required ; the supplies 
 will be conveyed hither by Sanderson. [Half a page.] 
 
 14-6. Lord Stourton and the Council at Blackness to the Council 
 At the request of Sir Richard Cavendish have viewed this fortress, 
 and find that the mounts, curtains, and ramparts are in a defenceless 
 state, so that neither man nor ordnance may be placed there. In 
 some places the curtains are deficient in height and earthwork, and 
 in others utterly disordered. The stowage-houses, though nearly 
 complete, are not yet meet to receive anything. The expense of 
 carriages being heavj-, think that this may be lessened by the taking 
 of stores out of the ditches round the fort, thus at the same time 
 deepening the ditches and supplying material for the works. Con- 
 sidering this suspect time, trust the Surveyor may have orders for 
 speedy completion of these. {Half a page.] 
 
 14)7. Sir John Brydges to the Lord Protector. Sends intelligence 
 from two espials in France (missing). Is credibly informed that 
 these lansquenets came to Davern and Samer at nine o'clock last 
 night. Wlien he ascertains their number will apprise his Grace 
 thereof. [Half a page.] 
 
 14)8. Same to same. Sends intelligence from an espial in France. 
 [One page and a quarter.] Intelligence inclosed, 
 
 148. I. On the 1th the reporter arrived at Rouen, when he saw no 
 vessels but only merchantmen. TJience proceeded to 
 Caudebec, where the biscuit and bread are prepared ; five 
 ships were lying there to be freighted therewith for Brest- 
 On Tuesday dined at Earfieet [Harfleur'], where ^.^' great 
 preparation of biscuits ; this and Caudebec being the chiff 
 staples for that ccmimodity. The same evening lodged at 
 Hable Neuf [Havre], in the house of Rowland Brefton, a 
 merchant on the haven. Saw there four great ships of 
 war, — three of three tops each, the fourth offou r, — strmigly 
 apparelled with ordnance, counting thirty pieces of great 
 artillery. The one of four fops, called the Galleon, which 
 luas disanchored and abroad upon the sea, had a mis- 
 fortune, by reason of which she had with great pain been 
 brought buck into the haven, where they work- upon her 
 day and night to prepare her for sailing }('i(h the I'fhcrs. 
 The name of the captain is Mons. de Locoii. TheAdrniral 
 has stopped there a large Spa.)i it'll shij) of Oiree tops which 
 had arrived with merchandise ; this iccw ordered to be 
 undaden for the King's seii'ice, and much ordnance was 
 bestowed therein. There are ~0 other ships, of two and 
 three tops the piece, si ran gly furnished with artillery of 
 all sorts. The harhiiigrrof the lansquenets loas there, and 
 a.pjMlnled such vessels as are to convey the troops to sail 
 on the 25th cu rl . Wednesday ve.vt went to Montvilliers, 
 two leagues from Havre, where he found five ensigns of 
 Oemuma, very well armed, marching in the fields wiUi 
 their ensigns displayed, where two of their company 
 
EDWARD VI. 343 
 
 1548. 
 
 were forced to pass the pikes for having slain two of their 
 comrades. Of these he counted belonging to every ensign 
 25 ranks of harquebusiers, rating three to the rank, and 
 25 ranks of pikes following the harquebusiers, well armed, 
 and in good order. The number of these five ensigns he 
 reckoned at 1,700. The furriers have taken quarters in 
 the adjacent villages for 5,000 Italians, Piedmontese, 
 Limousins, and Lyonese, all infantry. The Commis- 
 sioners were very secretly gathering all manner of pioneers 
 and horses for drawing artillery thereabouts, to be ready 
 at the end of the month to go where ordered, but whither, as 
 yet, is not known. At the same day all the legionaries in 
 Normavdy and Brittany, estimated 10,000 at the least, are 
 ordered to be ready upon pain of death. From Montvilliers 
 went to Brewant [Brionne ?], where he saw a number of 
 legionaries preparing; thence to Oranville by Fecamp, 
 where was much preparation of horses for dra/imng artil- 
 lery and stores. Thereafter to Dieppe, where he counted 
 30 ships, of which nine or ten were great ships of war very 
 evil appointed ; on inquiring the cause of this at some 
 mariners they informed him that they attended the King's 
 coming down, when they should he very shortly ready to 
 serve. That evening supped at Havre with the Treasurer, 
 who brought money for payment of the ships, and 
 iniany of the captains being also at supper m,entioned in 
 the course of conversation that they were going to Scotland. 
 The reporter, feigning to be a Frenchman, said to them, 
 " WhoA the devil will ye do in Scotland ? There is 
 nothing to be won there but the loss of the King's men." 
 To this one of the captains in a whifper replied that 
 they only invented this report, as their destination tuas 
 not to Scotland but to Calais, in order to take away the 
 haven and passage of Dover, and then to descend the 
 number of 30,000, to destroy the country and stop that 
 passage, so that no manner of succour shall come out of 
 England to assist Boulogne. Had also conversed with 
 some pilots there, and on some of them saying they were 
 bound for Scotland, had asked, " What the devil will ye 
 make in that butchery in Scotland where none of you is 
 like to return ?" The answer was, " No, we shall not go 
 so far, but we must so bruit it. Nevertheless, we shall go 
 no farther than to the coast of Boulogne." In Maine, 
 beside Anjou, are 600 light horse ready to be embarked at 
 Brest with the other troops. Wherever he goes hears the 
 same rumour that the French King will in person go to 
 Picardy next Midsummer with his army royal, and then 
 to Boulogne, and that he says it shall cost him his realm 
 but he shall have it again, and kill both man, woman, 
 and child that he finds there or thereabouts. It is also a 
 general rumour that M. de Rieulx, the Grand Master of 
 Flanders, is vn, Boulogne, with 4,000 brave Spaniards, 
 for defence of the town, and that the Emperor has sent 
 
344 
 
 CALAIS TAPERS. 
 
 1548. 
 
 May 15. 
 Boulogiie. 
 
 May 15. 
 Boulogiie. 
 
 10,000 laaaqncneln to E'lir/hmd to serve his Majesty where 
 lie likes. At Uf'rreH dwl Sinner are eleven ensigns of 
 lavn<iueneln,tvho arrived tlinrt: on the ecening of Saturday 
 the \Wi, (thidi'iuj (I, greater number of foot and the Kind's 
 coming. As the repovler returned, he chanced to ask a 
 Frenchmaih of the fort how they missed their purpose and 
 enterprise of their pixtolets 'I Was informed that the 
 hour had not yet come, hut tJtey intended shortly to have 
 it again; and that they had good espials in t/ie town, 
 both Italian and other stranger merch(inis,from, ^vhom 
 they had daily intelligence of the actions and intentions 
 of the English. At Havre are also four great Scottish 
 ships of war, of three tops each, well appointed; these 
 attend the disanchoring of the army to go to Scotland, 
 and their captains remain on the land to refresh them. 
 \^Four pages!\ 
 
 149. The Council at Boulogne to the Lord Protector. Confirm the 
 reports of their espials as to the extensive military and naval prepara- 
 tions made by the French and the alleged object of these. All which 
 weighed, though the French King has made sundry proclamations 
 in his country, charging that no man shall rumour any wars meant 
 against England, yet tliey suspect the assembling of troops so near 
 to them not to be without some pretence or meaning suddenly to 
 besiege or assault some of the forts. Wherefore beseech that 
 sufficient supplies of men, pi'ovisions, and all necessaries may be 
 forthwith sent, as his Grace knows the state of the forts as well as 
 they do. Inclose a schedule of the number of men required for each fort. 
 
 P.S. — Since writing, are assured that the French King intends 
 to come in person, and vows to have Boulogne, else it shall cost him 
 his whole realm. [Two pages. Schedule inclosed. One pagei\ 
 
 Copy of preceding letter and schedule. [Three pa^esl] 
 
 150. Same to same. Have received his Grace's letter of the 
 9th, expressing his surprise that they had not given notice of 
 the absence of Cornish, the porter, in the time of the French- 
 men's enterprise, and inquiring who had appointed him to that 
 room. The truth is, they were not aware of his absence rather 
 [sooner] than they advertised ; and are informed by Mr. Wiudebank 
 that, so far as he knows, the appointment was made prior to 
 his coming, by Sir Andrew Flammock. Have no knowledge of Mr. 
 Crofts being oftener than twice witii Chastillon ; once, when 
 sent by them to Abbeville, .'ind another time when he went to the 
 fort and liunted with liim, of which Sir John Brydges was aware, 
 although (Jrofts had not asked liim leiive. On that occasion he and 
 several other Eiigiisli gentlemen dined in the fort with Chastillon; 
 and onec ho entertained in his own house in the high town, two 
 L'rencli gentlemen who caine to liim. Another time he went to 
 Portel, wlicrc greiii cheer was made to him and those in his company 
 by M, dc Kieulx and ol.liers of tlio l''reneli there. Twice thereafter 
 the French visited him in the base town ; once when they dined 
 with liim at Birch's house, aiul another time also dined with him at 
 the house of Nognye tlio post the ensign-bearer of Chastillon's 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 345 
 
 154,8. 
 
 May 15. 
 
 Bo\Uogne. 
 
 May 15. 
 
 Newhayen. 
 
 band, and some others of his gentlemen. This is all they know. 
 To his Grace's inquiry who should be advanced to the said room, 
 would wish some one of worshipful parentage having somewhat to take 
 unto, and also of good discretion, as well for matters of justice as also 
 able to serve in the wars. Of those most meet for such post withiu 
 these forts, are Alexander Brett, Lieutenant of the Citadel (who 
 they believe has been preferred to the reversion of a better office) ; 
 Mr. Callard, Lieutenant of Boulogneberg, who cannot conveniently 
 be spared, and whose present room is as good ; Mr. Henry Dudley, 
 Captain of the Guard ; and George Throgmorton, one of the Captains, 
 who in their opinion, for his soberness, discretion, and good service, 
 is as worthy as any to be placed in an office as good as that, if his 
 Grace did agree to the same. [Two pages.] 
 
 151. Sir John Brydges to the Lord Protector. Incloses intelli- 
 gence just received from one of his espials in France. [Five lines.'] 
 Intelligence inclosed, 
 
 151. I. Eight ensigns of lansquenets have arrived at Davern, and 
 
 three others at Samer. Hears that with their luggage, they 
 have brought two or three bridges or boards for crossing 
 the river. A number of men of arms have also arrived, 
 and it is rumoured that M. de Venddme comes in person. 
 Strict and secret orders have been given that all horsemen 
 shall be in their respective garrisons by the \Gth inst, 
 ivhich is very short notice. It is said they are to come 
 here with 4,000 nfien of arms vnthout the other infa/ntry, 
 and it is positively asserted that there is to be war forth- 
 with. They wait for the arrival of their galleys, which will 
 come in good force before Am,bleteuse, and then endeavour 
 to carry Boulogneberg by storm, and after that Amble- 
 teuse, killing, ravishing, and pillaging through all the 
 country. The French Council intended to forbid all 
 communication of the French with the English, but the 
 Princes have permitted it in order that the English may 
 be thrown of their guard and be more easily surprised. 
 Chastillon and others have given permission to robbers to 
 steal the English horses, saying that they are lawful 
 prices ; and indeed a great thief of the name of Hazart, 
 who robs the English very frequently, has given a horse to 
 the Provost of the fort. [French. One page.] 
 
 152. Lord Stourton to the Lord Protector. On receipt of his letter 
 of the lltli, had repaired to Blackness, and has ordered 120 
 soldiers to be employed in perfecting the mount and curtains 
 there, which has no doubt will soon be brought in good order of 
 defence, provided shovels and spades and mattocks may be obtained 
 from the Surveyor. And as the Surveyor can send labourers, so 
 shall the soldiers be displaced and the labourers employed in their 
 place. Meanwhile considering the present necessity, has thought fit 
 so to employ the soldiers, promising them wages therefor. Sir 
 Richard Cavendish is not to be blamed for delay in fortifying that 
 piece, inasmuch as by special letters from the Council, he was 
 directed not to intermeddle with the Surveyor's charge. The piece 
 
346 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1648. 
 
 May 22. 
 Newhaven. 
 
 May 26. 
 
 Boulogne. 
 
 in the sandhills grows to good defence, and requires to be furnished 
 with ordnance according as is specified in the inclosed schedule. 
 These he begs may be sent speedily, and not to be slacked, as the 
 position of the enemy at Davern, Sanier and the neighbourhood, 
 intimates an intended attack. [One page and a half.] Incloses, 
 
 152. I. " Proportion loecesaary for the furniture of the piece in 
 
 the sandhills at Newhaven, wherein is contained two 
 platforms, the one higher than the other." The re- 
 quirements were, two deml-culverins with 400 iron shot ; 
 two sacres, with 400 iron shot; two falcons, with 400 
 iron shot; two fowlers, with two chambers to the piece, 
 and 400 stone shot; 40 lasses, with two chambers; six 
 lasts of serpentine powder ; half a last of corn powder ; 
 100 bows ; 200 sheaves of arrows ; 100 pikes ; 100 bills ; 
 100 half hacks. These are not only to furnish the 
 ordinary number of that piece, but also such of the in 
 habitants of the base town, who in time of need have to 
 repair to the piece. [One page.] 
 
 153. Lord Stourton and others to the Lord Protector and Coun- 
 cil. Requests that speedy order may be taken for passing the 
 accounts of the bearer, William Parinenter, who had charge of the 
 victuals under Sir Anthony Aucher, and is now discharged. [One 
 page.] 
 
 154. Sir John Brydges to the Lord Protector. Having received 
 his Grace's letter of the 20th, and instructions given to Mr. Throg- 
 morton, daily travails in his Majesty's name, and from time to time 
 furnishes as he finds men meet and able. In regard to the report 
 that by reason of the absence of soldiers, the colouring of members, 
 and the employment of men's servants at farms and other places in 
 England, his Majesty's pieces are weakened, the books of the last 
 musters will testify to the rebuke and shame of the inventor. On 
 that occasion, althougli no warning was given till the shutting of 
 the gate at night, and the muster was taken at eight o'clock next 
 morning, there were, with the exception of those in England by 
 passport and tlie sick, only two receiving the King's wa,ges at their 
 farms. It is equally untrue that men's servants allowed no wages 
 have been, and are, captains and lieutenants. As for the abandonino; 
 of farms, has heard of very few so profitable that their fruits hither- 
 to have been able to bear tlie chari^e of the farmer ; so that if his 
 Grace takes direction that the farmers be not charo;ed with the rents 
 of their farms, he thinks that there \\ ill bo fow or lumo who will refuse 
 to luavo over the same. As for the. viottials, the Treasurer every pay- 
 day letaiiis from the soldiors' waives what can bo demanded for them. 
 Altli'iiiffh his Grace is ]ht.svi!1(1o(1 that the forts are in a sufficient 
 state (if (lefonijo, the truth is tar otherwiMo. Boulogneberg is not, 
 and cannot be made teiiablc aoiiiust the enemy these 20 days, 
 if before that time ho kIiouKI iqjproaoli. The Young Man cannot 
 bear any onliianoc, the ]i]atforni boing not j'et made ; and although 
 the Old Man is indifferently woll appointed with ordnance, yet the 
 curtains and bulwarks nro not thoronj,'hly repaired of the ruins 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 347 
 
 1548. 
 
 and breaches of the -winter. All these things pretermitted, if it 
 were possible for liim to be in every one of them at the time it 
 were approached, he protests before God and man that, he living, 
 the weakest should not change its master. From his cradle till 
 this time he has been wholly addicted to the King's service, and shall 
 to his life's end continue to serve with true and faithful heart. 
 " Nevertheless, for that neither my death nor yet my life, although 
 that in me only were comprehended the wisdom of Salomon, the 
 force of Sampson, with the martial policy of Scipio, sufficeth not 
 for the defence of a piece nor to repulse the enemy's power, it is 
 most expedient for your Grace to take order that the said pieces may 
 be well furnished both of men and munition necessary for their de- 
 fence, lest that the want thereof in time to come give us all cause to 
 repent ; trusting that all those things once had, if at any time the 
 enemy do attempt any thing against us, of such sort to receive him 
 that he shall have small joy of his coming." Eequests a hundred men 
 may be sent to furnish the Old Man. [Two pages and a quarter.] 
 
 May 26. ^55. Sir John Brydges to the Lord Protector. Incloses informa- 
 Boulogne, tion received from an espial. [Six lines.] Incloses, 
 
 155. I. Letter from . Beaurayes, May 25. Measurements have 
 
 been made for a fort near the sea to annoy the English 
 haven. The lansquenets are still in their quarters at 
 Davern and Samer. Chastillon and de Rieulx have re- 
 turned to-day. A secret enterprise is resolved, not to be 
 'made known till fitting opportunity. The 11 ensigns 
 of Germans are reported to he near Rayois in Cham- 
 pagne. Yesterday orders tvere issued at the fort that 
 no soldiers, under pain of death, shall go more than a 
 quarter of a league from the garrison, and shall always 
 have their arms in readiness. Much ordnance is 
 prep u:il at Paris. The cavalry are ready in all the 
 garrhoiis. Same Monday two troops of cavalry arrived 
 at Abbeville. Six thousand men are said to be levied in 
 Champagne and to be coming hither. [French. One 
 page.] 
 
 May 28. 156. Sir Richard Cotton to Lord St. John. Has received by his 
 
 Boulogne, son-in-law, Beverley, 17,087^. lis. 10c?., ofwhich, because it lacks of 
 the 19,000i. intimated in a recent letter, he begs the remain may be 
 sent for payment of the garrison. Will attend to gathering in the 
 victual money due to his Majest3^ As regards the rents for the last 
 year has not received one penny of them from Sir William Godol- 
 phin, wherefore has staid his pay, and will do so on this occasion, 
 determining henceforth to treat all in the same manner, from the 
 highest to the lowest, at whose hands the King has any debt to be 
 answered, although, as he knows, he shall make his doing therein a 
 very much mean for the purchase of a great evil wiU amongst them. 
 Nevertheless requests a strict commandment by letter from Lord 
 St. John, both for Godolphin, the Bailli of Newhaven, and the rest, 
 that such course will be pursued in future. Had desired the Cus- 
 tomer to render his account twice yearly for such money as is in his 
 
348 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1548. ~~ 
 
 bauds, and at his reckoning on 31 March found him then accountable 
 for 781. 14s. If^ ; of this he cannot receive a penny, only an answer 
 to the effect that hu ccmsiders hinjaelf not bound to account more than 
 once in the year, and yet ntivcrtlieless to pay the money only at 
 such time as he pleases. If his Lordship allow such order he 
 shall be contented, but meanwhilt^ desires to have his Lordships 
 plensui-e ; for being treasurer, iind therefore responsible for the dues, 
 considers himself entitled to commit all such to ward in default of 
 payment. This Customer not being a person of sufficient substance, 
 suggests that sureties for his payments shall be required of him, else 
 in the end his Majesty is likely to be a loser. [Tiuo pages.] 
 
 May 30. 1 57. Sir John Brydges to the Lord Protector. Defending him- 
 Bouiogne. self from sundry charges made against him, which are "all untrue, 
 false, and forged of malice," such as charging for more men than 
 he employs, appointing his household servants to be petty captains 
 and lieutenants, and yet to receive their wages as household servants, 
 &c. Where it is said that children are placed whereas men should 
 be, and naked men where armed are requisite, and that there be 
 none where many are paid ; he replies, that he never placed boy nor 
 yet rascal, for that he has always most abhorred them to serve in 
 place of men ; and as for compelling the unarmed and naked soldier 
 to provide necessary armours until he hath wherewith, it is impos- 
 sible. As to the lack of numbers, there wanted none but those who 
 either died or ran awaj'^, with whom his Majesty is not charged ; and 
 had his Grace authorized him to supply their rooms, they should not 
 now have been void. If, therefore, the numbers be unfurnished, 
 reason would not it should be imputed his folly, kc, kc. Requests 
 to be allowed to go to England to answer these charges in person. 
 [ Three pages.] 1 1 1 dosa I, 
 
 157. I. Articles charged against Brydges. [One page.l 
 
 May 30. 158. Same to same. Incloses intelligence from an espial re- 
 ceived late this evening. [Eight lines.] Intelligence inclosed, 
 
 158. I. Yesterday jit'odamat ions vjeremade at the French fort and 
 
 other places on tlie frontiers, that all manner of carts and 
 horses shoidd be ready to come to Tyngry Tl'oocf on Friday 
 next, the \st (f June. On this i^roclamafion tlie reporter, 
 by order of M. Vcndcville, Prvrosf of the Fre7ich fort, 
 arrested many of them to carry a great force of faggots to 
 the fort for vwking ramparts and mounds o/ defence 
 against artillery. This morning M. Chastillon left the 
 fort for Abbeville, io give orders to the pioneers and foot 
 that are coming to the fort. If is said that the river and 
 course of the English haven .-thatl be stopped, ^vhereby they 
 shall the sooner bo pined, vith famine, for otherwise 
 Boulogne cannot he ivon ; vhcreabouts they will begin the 
 reporter does vol know. They also intend to build upon 
 the hill oppoailc to the Old Man, and will declare war 
 upon the first casual shot on the English »ide. I7te 
 
EDWAED VI. 349 
 
 1 5 48. 
 
 common report is, that the pioneers shall first come ere the 
 Germans shall encamp thereabouts. This day it was told 
 M. Chastillon that the whole army by the sea should 
 discover before Havre de Grace at 7 o'clock p.m., if wind 
 and weather would suffer them. [One page.] 
 
 May 30. 159. Sir John Brydges to the Lord Protector. Sends intelligence 
 received from an espial. [Half a page. Inclosure; one page 
 and a half. Both mutilated perpendicularly^ 
 
 May 31. 160. Same to same. Sends intelligence received from two espials 
 Boulogne, to-day. Yesterday Sir William Herbert and Sir Kichard South- 
 well arrived at JMewhaven, and so came hither. [Nine lines.] 
 Iiiclosed, 
 
 1 60. I. Intelligence from Beury, 30 May. A fort is to be com- 
 menced immediately on the face of Mount Bernard towards 
 the Totver of Order [Tour d'Ordre]. Orders have to-day 
 been given that all carts and conveyances here and in the 
 vicinity shall to onorrovj {Corpus Ohristi), be employed in 
 bringing to the fort the fascines which have been, and are 
 daily, made near Hardelot. It is reported that they wish to 
 make a new harbour at Havre. Eight or ten thousand pio- 
 neers are embarked : of these 400 are collected at Abbeville, 
 and from every village thereabouts, as well as at Montreuil 
 and Fonthieu, two men are required, all to be ready to- 
 day. There is to be a general muster at PoHel. Four 
 veteran companies, it is said, will leave the port and join 
 the lansquenets, and cos soon as these have left Davern and 
 Samer, cavalry are to replace them. The troops at Havre 
 and Rouen embarked on Ascension Day to join, it is 
 believed, those in Brittany, where are fully 60,000 in 
 readiness, composed of all nations, Gascons, Italians, 
 Albanians, Bretons, French, Egyptians, and others; and 
 certainly there is a very large army. A great train of 
 artillery f idly provided is ready at Paris. The Captain 
 of Hardelot told a friend of the reporter that no great 
 stroke would be made till about the feast of St, John, 
 wherefore it is necessary to be very vigilant in all things. 
 Mentions the determination of the French King to re- 
 possess himself of Boulogne, to build forts and adopt other 
 steps to provoke the English to commence a ivar. 
 
 160. II. " The advertence of another espial." Trepo^i;, 23 May. 
 Cavalry muster between the fort and the sea. Ground 
 for a fort has been measured at a place named Bernard, 
 and an Italian engineer who has taken the measurement, 
 is at present in the fort. But Chastillon sent to the Con- 
 stable last Sunday to say that it was better to have forts 
 already made, which it would cost less to gain than it 
 would to build a new one. It is resolved to cut the 
 Dunette to make a harbour, and bring the sea by Cap- 
 pecure ; and he has been informed to-day that there are 
 
350 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1548. 
 
 a number of pioneers about Rion and St. Valery. Should 
 such be made, it will be very detrimental to the English 
 harbour, for with a west-south-west wind it would be 
 much iiijurt'd by the sand af Lunette. The lansquenets, 
 it is fidid, will encamp at I'orld on Thursday or Friday. 
 Would willbigly write more frequently, but cannot except 
 oil the day (ippoinied by the bearer, as he cannot cross the 
 river, which on both sides in watched by sentries day and 
 night. [French. Three pages and a half.^ 
 
 June 22. 161. Sir John Brydges to the Lord Protector. Sends with all 
 Boulogne, speed the intelligence from an espial received this morning. [Six 
 lines.] Intelligence inclosed, 
 
 161. II. Marshal du Biez commands the camp. The report that 
 the Daup>hin and the King himself would come has died 
 away, and it is said the latter will go to Villers-coti-Retz, 
 in Ficardy, near Amiens, to spend the winter there. 
 Others think that the Emperor and he may hold a parley 
 in some frontier tovjn. The King was at Sarpont six 
 leagues beyond Abbeville. There are 7,000 or 8,000 Ger- 
 mans in the camp, that i^t fi> say, eighteen ensigns not 
 fully accoutred, vho guard the artillery and munitions ; 
 .3,000 Picards, 4,000 Nobles, nine ensigns of Piedmontese. 
 The Spaniards and Italians do not amount to one 
 thousand,. There are 500 men of arms; the company of 
 the Dauphin, lelrich arrived there last Tuesday fortnight ; 
 and those of the Constable, the Marshal, Brifsac. Villebon, 
 la Roche, Maine, Rochepot, Vendome, and Enghien. The 
 report that there are also 500 men of arms mustered at 
 Abbeville is incorrect, for they are only infantry. There. 
 is great want of forage. They have 40 pieces of artillery. 
 A person with whom he has spoken saw at Montrcvil 
 near the gate of Abbeville, fifteen pieces large and small, 
 which were said to be going to the camp. Pi-ovisions are 
 moderate. They are said to be siq^plied by commissaries 
 at Amiens, Abbeville, and Montreuil ; but they have not 
 yet stored the fort. They receive .'tuppUes by .sw from 
 Dieppe and Normandy. In the fort are five buhi;irl:s 
 not yet finished ; they are laboring at the ditches and the 
 coverings of the earthwork.'^. There is a ivell in the middle 
 of the fort: they Kay ihey will make one at each bidwark, 
 but they have had great difjirult;/ in procitring the one 
 which they have, having trird^ three phtces i)i vain. Wood 
 and water will he their chief wants. Mm'e than 6,000 
 'pioneers are at work on the fort, and are beyond what the 
 smallne.'i.i of the place reqidres; they are all clothed in 
 black, yellou! and red, for fear they should desert. They 
 give out, Ihal by means of their fort they will prevent 
 Jionlogne being fiipplied by sea. but others think it will 
 rather .serve for the battering if Bus Boulogne, which they 
 mill endeavour to take and, the Tower of Order, fw they 
 do not e.i'pect to have Bonlogne this year. There are four 
 
EDWARD VI. 351 
 
 1548. 
 
 ensigns of Fiedinontese in the ftyrt, commanded by M. 
 de Tec. All their wood-huts are not yet completed. They 
 have three sheds for their ammunitions. They are repair- 
 ing their vessels, which leak. Some Gascon light horse of 
 the company of M. JDes Moulins have been discharged ; 
 nearly all these were mounted on Spanish genets, and 
 400 gentlemen complain bitterly of the loss of their 
 horses, which having purchased at a high price, they 
 have been obliged to sell for nothing. The Admiral is 
 with the King. Last Sunday week all were in arms and 
 battle order in the morning, in consequence of a report 
 that the English had passed, and were going to reinforce 
 Boulogne. They have near the bridge, in the valley through 
 which lies the road to the camp, an earthwork defended by 
 some Italians. Has had letters from the camp stating 
 that Mons. de Sedan had been informed that the Land- 
 grave of Hesse has raised 20,000 men, and 200 horse in 
 name of the King of England, and will muster them on 
 the 20th of August, and descend upon Mouson at the end 
 of the month. Does not know what information they 
 receive, except that frequently Mons. de Villebon has had 
 news of Boulogne by one called Valerian, who is now 
 made a man of arms of his company; and that when 
 passing by Terouanne heard that M. de Neufville, the 
 Captain there, was expecting some one frrnn Calais. 
 Money is by no means plentiful at the Camp, and it is 
 said that at the end of this month the King will be a 
 whole year indebted to the cavalry. The Gascons, of wftom 
 M. de Monluc has 2,000 under his command, were at 
 St. Valery. It ivas reported that they were coming to the 
 camp, but they have not yet moved from, their quarters. 
 Last Friday week the people of Ganache and the neighbour- 
 ing village arose and killed many Spaniards and also 
 the captain : the lieutenant with some others are in the 
 custody of the Frevdt de I'Hotel. Last Sunday week at 
 night some of the Boulognese alarmed those of the fort, 
 when a few were killed and wounded. The camp is on 
 the side of the hill, and in the valley at some distance 
 from Boulogne. [French. Three pages.] 
 
 Aug. 4. 162- Lord Cobham to the Lord Protector. The bearer, who is 
 Calais. Clerk of the Council here, has lately been preferred by the Ai-ch- 
 bishop of Canterbury to a benefice in the Isle of Thanet, lying in a 
 marshy ground a little from the sea-side, much subject to diseases, 
 and especially the ague, wherewith he is ofttimes sore afflicted. He 
 has therefore besought Cobham to mediate with his Grace for the 
 obtaining a licence of non-attendance during his life. In considera- 
 tion of the above, and because he was for ten years schoolmaster to 
 his children, and now draws far on in age, Cobham begs that the 
 petition, which he will present in person, may be granted. 
 
 P.S. — The person having gone to London, found a proclamation 
 was issued prohibiting any one from repairing to the Court for any 
 
352 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1548. 
 
 Aug. 10. 
 Oatlands. 
 
 August. 
 
 suit, the plague tlien being furious in the City. On this account, 
 and becau.se in this busy time he cannot be absent, he has been re- 
 called, and has sent his petition with this letter to one of his Majesty's 
 servants to solicit for him. [One j^cf^'e.] 
 
 1 G3. The Lord Protector and Council to the Governor and Council 
 of Boulogne. M. de Lang^, the French Ambassador, has complained 
 of the mole now in course of being built at Boulogne, insisting that 
 because it has a flanker, and has men and ordnance placed upon it, 
 it must be considered as a fortification, which his master will not 
 endure. The Ambassador had been told there were no flankers, and 
 the soldiers and ordnance had merely been placed to defend the 
 workmen in like manner as the French protected their labourers. 
 Notwithstanding their explanation, the very next day, because the 
 men cuntinued their operations, the French fired upon them, which 
 was returned, and a general shooting from the pieces on both sides 
 was maintained. All this occurring in time of alleged peace, and 
 the French resisting the mole, daily make attempts on their men 
 both on land and by sea, they are required to see to their charge, 
 and provide for things there accordingly. With this will receive a 
 short discourse of all proceedings in Scotland, and at what point 
 matters be there. Desire to hear in future more frequently from them. 
 
 P.S. — {Autograph of Peirf). Hear they have begun to make 
 certain fortifications towards the land, which when completed, doubt 
 not they will cause good order to be had for keeping of them. 
 Think they should have an eye to some of the chief ports, especially 
 those which be towards France, or may by any means best serve the 
 French. [T^uo pages.] 
 
 164. " Special remembrances for Ninian Sanderson, master gunner 
 of the Old Man, to declare at large unto my Lord Protector's Grace, 
 from the King's Majesty's Council of Boulogne."' He is to show : — 
 
 1. The necessity for the artillery and munitions specified in the 
 book of the Master of the Ordnance, being immediately sent 
 
 2. That two of the windmills without the Old Jilan, standing in 
 much danger from the enemy, it is necessary that one be taken down 
 and reconstructed in the Old Man, upon a mount recently com- 
 menced on the east bulwark. 
 
 3. That the earthen rampart at the gate of the Old Man has sunk 
 very low, and is so exposed to the French new works, that if war 
 goes forward, few or none Avill be able to keep ward there, or go out 
 of the gate, without danger of gunshot. And to urge that the 
 Survej'or may be commanded to make a substantial gate of stone in 
 the inidst of the eurdiin towards Boulogne, which place is thought 
 most out of danger ; also to learn of what depth the foundation 
 shall be nm(l(^ and the lliiekness and height of the walls that shall 
 surmount it. 
 
 4. The necessity of having a gate made at Aeton's bulwark to- 
 wards the sea lor urgent eases. 
 
 ."). That the Surveyor lie instrueled lo make a strong foundation 
 of a platform within the new fort, able to bear six brass pieces. 
 G. That thc! platform of timber on the tower of the Old Man is so 
 
EDWARD VI. 353' 
 
 1348. 
 
 weak, that no ordnance can be fired from it, although such would 
 greatly annoy the enemy ; and that the Surveyor should be ordered 
 to build it up with stone immediately. 
 
 7. The Deputy and Council having ordered eight gunners to serve 
 in the piece, and other eight to be assigned to Clements' bulwark, to 
 know what wages they shall receive when the ordnance is placed 
 there. 
 
 8. The annoyance sustained by the French from the guns of the 
 Old Man, and the little injury that their guns liave done to the 
 battery of that piece. 
 
 9. That the shot of the French has pierced the wall of the castle 
 in the Old Man, and little less at the Young Man. 
 
 10. The work. already done by the soldiers, and what further ope- 
 rations require to be done out of hand, for inclosing the castle, and 
 covering the fort from the enemy's fire. 
 
 11. Mr. Maxwell, who was appointed to have 100 men in the 
 Old Man, having only 50, permission is required to elect 50 others, 
 for the better guarding of the fort. 
 
 12. The Protector to be requested to grant commission for the 
 Deputy's ship to travel the seas against the enemy at his own or the 
 King's charges. 
 
 13. The Surveyor is determined to make the foundation of the 
 new gate at the Old Man only two feet deep, which wiU prevent the 
 ditch being of any depth. 
 
 14. That a well should be made in the Old Fort and the Castle. 
 [Two pages and a quarter.'] 
 
 Au<T. ? 163. Articles setting forth what things are necessary to be done 
 
 for the safety of Boulogneberg, in the event of its being besieged. 
 Showing equal deficiencies and dilapidations, as in the preceding and 
 former documents. Signed by Nicholas Arnold. [Two pages and a 
 half.'] 
 
 1548. 166. "Instructions given unto Sir William Herbert, Knight, one 
 
 of the King's Majesty's Privy Council, Sir Richard Southwell, 
 Knight, and Sir Francis Hill, Esquire, for their proceedings in 
 the musters to be made at Boulogne and other of his Highness's 
 pieces on that side the seas, whei-ein they are instructed to pro- 
 ceed and take order as foUoweth." Among these instructions are : 
 That no man is to receive the wages of two men ; no boy or rascal, 
 or any one not deemed to be a personable and meet man, shall be 
 allowed to pass the muster, and receive wages, but to be immediately 
 discharged for avoiding consumption of victuals. All passports to 
 cease between the present time and the middle of October, except 
 for such as are ordered to England on special service of his Majesty. 
 No one to muster double, or to supply another man's place at muster, 
 under pain of the loss of both his ears and imprisonment during the 
 King's pleasure. No ordinary allowance to be made for keeping of 
 sick folks, or burying of the dead, but the Commissioners sliall hire 
 and allow wages for such as necessity requires. Any soldier found 
 without his weapon either within doors or without, is to forfeit a 
 day's wages. All superfluous number of women and children to be 
 
 z 
 
354 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1548. 
 
 Nov. 8. 
 Boulogneberg. 
 
 1548-9. 
 Jan. 26. 
 Boulogne. 
 
 Feb. 4. 
 
 Gravelines. 
 
 1549. 
 Sept. 10. 
 
 clearly dispatched from the forts. The French names of lieutenants 
 and such others as have brought with it a practice to deceive the 
 King's Majesty by fines in the musters, to cease ; and every 100 to 
 have only a captain, a petty captain, a standard-bearer, a drum, and 
 no other officer. [Four pages.] 
 
 167- Report to the Lord Protector by Nicholas Arnold, of the 
 ] number of men in bis Majesty's pay, employed under him at 
 Boulogneberg, their names and annual wages. [Seventeen 2Jage8.\ 
 
 168. Names of captains having served at Boulogne. [Half a page.^ 
 
 169. Remembrances relative to the duties of the High Marshal of 
 Boulogne ; with reply to each article. Among these it is inquired, 
 to whom or to whose office, the gist or keeping of the dice-play 
 should appertain ? This is assigned to the Marshal until it shall be 
 otherwise disposed by his Majesty. [One page-] 
 
 170. Statement of the three principal officers of the forts of 
 Boulogneberg, Bas Boulogne, the Old Man, and the Young Man, 
 viz., the captain, lieutenant, and gentleman poi-ter, with the pay 
 allowed to each. [On^ pO'gs-] 
 
 171. The Council at Boulogne to the Lord Protector. Desire to 
 know his pleasure as to the commissions for the office of coroner 
 and punishments, and the pardon of William Taylor, William Cole, 
 William Wilson, William Beawky, and Robert Putcase, mentioned 
 in his letter of 8th November last. [One page.] 
 
 172. M. D'Estourmel, Captain of Gravelines, to the same. 
 In favour of Henrich Hacfort, who has letters from the Queen 
 Regent, to pass into England. [French. One page.] 
 
 173. The Council to Lord Clinton and the Council at Boulogne. 
 Cannot but marvel that they would assent by their common agree- 
 ment in Council to the abandoning and razing of the King's fort of 
 Boulogneberg, upon the vain fear and faint-hearted messages of the 
 captain and others of that fort, and without any other appai'ent or 
 imminent peril or danger, or warrant from his Majesty. Cannot 
 but be sorry to understand that Englishmen, namely such as have 
 had some experience of the wars, should be so faint-hearted that 
 they durst not look the enemy in the face, but would after such 
 dishonourable sort both forget their duties and his Majesty's piece, 
 the abandonment of which, without special wori-ant, is much 
 against his laws, no such warrant having been given. As 
 no good service can henceforth be ex[iccted from those who were 
 in Boulogneberg, desire that tlioy will discliarge tho Captain and 
 Lieutenant of tliat placo, and Ca]>tain Atwood, commanding them to 
 appear ])crs(iiially before the Council. In like manner Sir Henry 
 ralinor, liaviiig .sliown liin>solf more fciu-fid than cause was, and 
 seemed unwillhig to serve M ith the numbers apjiointed to remain 
 in the Old Man, requiring the number of 1,500 men, desire that 
 he shall I'oitliwilh be discharged, and Sir John Norton placed 
 in hJH sieail tliere. Also thi^y siiall select from the newly arrived 
 bands of Lord Thomas Grey, Norton, and Knyvett, the likehest 
 and best armed men, discharging the sick and immeet, and 
 
EDWARD VI. 
 
 355 
 
 1549. 
 
 1549. 
 Oct. 8. 
 London. 
 
 1550. 
 Nov. 23. 
 Kuisbank. 
 
 1550. 
 
 1552. 
 April 29. 
 
 May 21. 
 
 July 26. 
 CsJais. 
 
 SO many others that there shall no more remain in Boulogne or any 
 of the smaller forts, than were before the coming of this last crew. 
 In the course of a month it is intended to draft off some more. 
 Doubtless there will not be wanting discoursers, who leaving much 
 to their own wits, and thinking their own devices best, will neither 
 like this order nor any other not agreeable to their phantasies ; but 
 such discoursers, as they did no good in Boulogneberg, so be they 
 ill ministers in all other places, and so ill as it is not the wish of the 
 Council such should remain ; wherefore, if there be any such, desire 
 to be informed of them. As many may be conveniently set to work 
 are to be employed in perfecting the small fort in the Old Man. 
 Aucher has been instructed to supply them with more provisions, 
 of which they are enjoined to be very careful. [Two pages and a 
 quarter. Minute, autograph of Fetre.] 
 
 174. The Council to the Lord Deputy of Calais. By the pro- 
 clamations inclosed, he will perceive the state of things here, 
 which by the detestable treasons and manifold outrageous doings 
 of the Duke of Somerset, be now more unquiet than they should 
 have been if he had either loved his Majesty or his country. 
 Farther particulars shall be given soon. Meanwhile, as the King 
 is in danger, all the Council, with one or two exceptions, are in 
 London consulting what is best to be done. Because the Duke 
 has and daily does abuse his Majesty's sign, stamp, and signet, in 
 many things, desire that no commands shall be obeyed except such 
 a.s bear the signatures of the whole or the majority of the Council. 
 [One page and a quarter. Much injured by damp.] 
 
 175. Sir George Somerset to Sir William Cecil. Has written by 
 Mr. Winter to the Duke of Somerset, for an augmentation of his 
 living, wherein hopes for his good help and furtherance. Has sent 
 him by long seas a piece of French wine, in token of good will until 
 time may serve to send him a better thing. 
 
 P.S. — The bearer, his servant, has an humble and instant suit to 
 the Archbishop of Canterbury for his own furtherance in learning. 
 Requests Cecil's assistance in promoting the young man's suit, as he 
 merits it both for his long and painful service, and his daily busy 
 care to get learning. [One page. Printed, with the exception of 
 the postscript, by Tytler, Vol. i., p. 338.] 
 
 176. Statement of the receipt and expenditure of 400,000 crowns, 
 paid by the King of France for the surrender of the town and forts 
 of Boulogne. 
 
 [Seven pages and a half. Indorsed by Cecil.'] 
 
 177. Heads of instructions for the Commissioners that shall 
 proceed to Calais. [One page.] 
 
 178. Memorandum of letters and papers received from Sir Maurice 
 Denys and others at Calais. [Half a pac/e.] 
 
 179. Sir Richard Cotton to Sir William CeciL His manor of 
 Langtoft is already in the rule of Cecil's father and himself, and so 
 it shall continue ; but if he should mind to seU it, Cecil shall find 
 himself assured the buyer. Has spoken with Mr. Wingfield, the 
 
 z 2 
 
355 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1652. 
 
 executoi- of Mr. Hall, who has left only one boy of 12 years old. 
 His lands on this side are of tlie yearly value of 48Z. 3s. over and 
 above his dwelling-house, and a hundred acres of pasture ground. 
 Understands that his brother is his heir. His lands in Lincolnshire 
 iiro wortli 200 marks -jicr ann. after the old rent, with one small 
 lordship which he purchased, value not known. Has given none of 
 his goods to his son, unless it be a part of his chain, which is to be 
 divided between him and his three sisters. Of his lands he has 
 made a tripartite division ; one paii to his wife ; the second for 
 performance of his will, that is, to the mai-riage of his daughters, 
 to have so much as shall grow thereof till the heirs come of age : 
 and the third the King is to have for finding his son. Has imparted 
 Cecil's commendations to Mr. Sentleger, who returns the salutations, 
 and both desire him to be a good mean for their return home, 
 as they do nothing now here but daily charge the King and trouble 
 themselves. Yesterday received a letter from the Council, dated at 
 Guildford on the 21st, directing him and the other Commissioners 
 to borrow 1,OOOZ. from the staplers, of which 500?. to be employed 
 in prest to Mr. Dudley for victualling Guisnes, and the other moiety 
 to such victuallers as they should think meet for the provision of 
 Calais. They immediately saw the staplers, who are unable to 
 advance the money till eight or ten days hence. In their letters to 
 the Council of the 9th inst. had requested the remain of o.OOOi. 
 upon their warrant might be sent for answering his Majesty's debts ; 
 but received for reply on the 18th, that their Lordships and Cotton 
 at his last departure considered that the remain in the Treasurer's 
 hands, with the victual money and revenues due here, would suffice 
 to answer those debts. Was then, and still is, of that opinion 
 according to the accounts as exhibited, but lias discovered since 
 then a further debt due by the Treasurer. The previous amount 
 was 5,800i. odd ; it is now upwards of 6,000?., whereof they stand 
 in great doubt that his Majesty shall be answered of never a groat 
 immediately, because the Treasurer says he has imprested the same ; 
 but how, or to whom, they can see no reckoning or book of his to 
 this day, although they have earnestly called for such. For the 
 victual money, also fear his Majesty will be an unreasonable loser, 
 botli by fall of the money and the great abatement of the price of 
 the provisions from what he paid for them ; so that of 6,000?. paid 
 to Sir Anthony Aucher, greatly doubts he shall scant recei^•e the 
 half again. Thinks that 5,000?. of the rents of the country will be 
 due to the King over that which will recompense the poor men 
 thereof for losses sustained in the wars ; but this will not be imme- 
 diately received for making n'ady payments. Had trusted that the 
 money which should liave been p;iid here for custom of this wool 
 f ict^t would have j,'ono to satisfy the most needy payments, as to have 
 jiaid three of the liulwarks wliich are to be abandoned to the King's 
 Iii-iifit and the labourers ; but of iliis they shall now be disap- 
 jiiiinted by means of tlie prest that is desired at the hands of the 
 Htaplors. [7'/t?v7! ptdji'^.] 
 
 .July 29. 180. Sir Maurice Deiiys to Sir William Cecil. Acknowledges his 
 Calais. Jettoi- of the 22d inst. Mr. Hall, late Comptroller here, has left no 
 
EDWARD VI. 357 
 
 1552. 
 
 great substance other than his lands, which by his testament are to 
 be divided in three parts. The bearer, Mr. Wingfiekl, who presently 
 repairs to the Court, will give him the details. Will be happy to 
 serve him in anything within his power. [One page.] 
 
 August 8. 181. Sir Richard Cotton to Sir WiUiam Cecil. Has this day 
 Calais. received his letter of 30th ult. from Halvenaker, and has delivered 
 the Lord Treasurer's letter to Mrs. Hall, whom at his coming he 
 found a very heavy woman for the loss of her husband, and much 
 the heavier to understand that she should depart with her son. But 
 on explaining to her the great benefit which he would derive in 
 being brought up under Cecil, she at last yielded to forget her 
 mothei-ly affection somewhat, and stands contented that he shall be 
 ready to come with Cotton when he returns ; wherefore no need to 
 send any one hither for him. Mrs. Hall is so tender over her son, 
 that for his safer convoy she means to put him in the hands 
 of one of her trusty servants, to be carried ; but he will take 
 the boy in his government at his return, and so see to him as 
 he would to any son of his own. Unless he hears to the contrary, 
 intends, on coming to London, to take him to his own house of 
 Warblington, where for his learning and instruction will see him as 
 dearly and tenderly looked to as one of his own children. Trusts to 
 see Cecil there before the King returns to that countr3^ Will see 
 the proceedings of the three by their common letter now sent ; 
 wherein they have used the person both with reason and justice, 
 as in their consciences they would have desired themselves to be 
 used. Think notwithstanding that he will adventure otherwise, 
 which then they shall farther justify. 
 
 P. S. — Has received this instant his letter and that of the Council, 
 and as by the latter they are to return in two days, have staid 
 the sending of their common letter. The Surveyor is both a very 
 handsome and a right honest man, and shall be shown every favoui 
 in his power. [Two pages and a half.'] 
 
 August 17. 182. William, Lord Willoughby of Parham, to same. Returns 
 Calais. thanks for using his interest in procuring the office of Clerk of 
 the Council here to John Wright. [Half a page.] 
 
 Oct. 2. 183. Mrs. Ursula Hall to same. Thanks him for the contin- 
 
 Calais. uance of his goodness, not only to her and hers, as informed by 
 the letter of Thomas Welles, but to all those who served imder her 
 late husband. Requests he may be mean to him who shall succeed 
 as Comptroller, that the parties following may retain their offices : 
 viz., the said Welles as clerk of carpenters ; William Philips, clerk 
 comptroller of the labourers ; John Benett, clerk of the check of 
 the retinue; and Richard Bryant, clerk concerning the Custom 
 House ; aU being such honest men, and so meet for their rooms, as it 
 wiU be hard to find their like. Having since the death of Mr. HaU 
 been charged with the watch and ward of seven men, as the bearer 
 WiUiam Skelly can show, requests that she may be allowed therefor 
 when the new Comptroller is appointed. [One page.] 
 
 Oct. 3. 184. Same to same. After dispatching her letter of yester- 
 
 Calais. day, had received one from Lord Gray, requesting to have her 
 
358 
 
 CALAIS PAPERS. 
 
 1552. 
 
 Oct. 10. 
 
 Calais. 
 
 Oct. 17. 
 
 Guisnes. 
 
 Oct. 17. 
 
 Sine anno. 
 
 house with its stuff, and understauds that his Lordship either has 
 applied, or is about to apply to the Council for it ; wherefore requests 
 Cecil, should such be the case, to aid that she may keep her said 
 house ; because she knows that if it goes out of his hands it will fiill 
 into utter ruin and decay, besides her stuff, with which she is 
 charged, will be lost. Her only desire is to keep it in her hands 
 that it may not fall into decay, so that her son may have a house to 
 put his heaH in when he comes to age, which she fears he is not like 
 to have, if she by any such means go from it. Has none but Cecil 
 to apply to for assistance. [One page.] 
 
 185. Mrs. Ursula Hall to Sir William Cecil Welles had informed 
 him that the Mayor of Calais was contented to find the oflBce of 
 Mr. Hall's lands in these parts. This the Mayor now delays because 
 they lie in three several jurisdictions, Calais, Guisnes, and Sandgate. 
 Requests a commission may be given to the Mayor and the two 
 Bailies of Guisnes and Sandgate, by virtue of which they may 
 forthwith find the said office. Returns thanks for his having pro- 
 cured that the individuals, concerning whom she had written, shall 
 retain their situations under the new Comptroller. [One page.] 
 
 186. Sir Andrew Dudley to King Edward VI. Returns thanks 
 for his being revoked fi'om the command of Guisnes and licensed to 
 return to England. [Copy, indorsed by Cecil. One page.] 
 
 187. Sir John Fogg to Sir William Cecil. Has been sore vexed 
 with this bitter pain of the stone, as shall appear by certain stones 
 that he has voided by God's help, and sends to him by the bearer. 
 He has endured great pains, and being not so well as he would be a 
 suitor himself, beseeches Cecil to be a mean to the Council, that he 
 may have his wages as Marshal of Calais allowed to him, until such 
 time as his successor is sworn into office. Also that they may grant 
 him a letter to the " Fears Marshal " for the having a way of his stuff 
 without trouble or arrest, else he shall be utterly undone ; for he 
 intends to satisfy all men when his wages are received there. And 
 if it so be, that he be not able to discharge his debts there, he tnists 
 to God he shall be able to content them here with the uttermost, 
 fd though he is in great hindrance and poverty. Farther, that when 
 convenient they may reward him somewhat, for his long and 
 chargeable services there have brought him to this hindrance and 
 sickness, which pincheth him very sore. [One 2'>agc and a h.ilr'.] 
 
 188. "The remainders of the ordnance, munition, and artillery 
 under the charge of Sir Henry Palmer, Knight, Muster of the 
 Oidnance there, placed about the King's Majesty's fortresses of Hich 
 Boulogne and the castle there. Bus Boulogne, the Old Man and 
 Boulogne! lerg, and jin entitling of all sueii wants desired to be 
 HUp|)]i(Hl for tlie better dcfeiiee of the same." [Roll, vpirards of 
 cii/hl J'i'ii in l('iiijt/i.\ 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 AbbevUle, 298, 327, 336, 347, 348, 349, 350. 
 
 Abel, 211. 
 
 Abergavenny, Lord, 123. 
 
 Aberlady, 44. 
 
 Abingdon, Abbey of, in keeping of Sir John 
 
 Masone, 51. 
 Abingdon, a messenger, 312. 
 Aeon, M. d', 129. 
 
 Acton's Bulwark, at Boulogne, 352. 
 Admiral, the Lord High. See Thomas Lord 
 
 Seymour, Edward Lord Clinton. 
 
 , Lord ffigh (of Scotland), 29. 
 
 , the, of Prance, see d'Annebaut. 
 
 Admiralty, Court of, 54, 55. 
 
 Adomi, Bernabo, reveals plot against Doria, 
 
 125. 
 Adrian, (de Croy ?) a servant of the Emperor, 
 
 278. 
 Adrianopolis, 7, 18, 191. 
 Advocate, the, of Trance, 231. 
 Africa carried by assault, 57. 
 , 50, 55, 83, 90, 91, 153, 154, 157, 158, 
 
 160, 167, 290. 
 Agatone, Giovanni Francisco, letter from, 176. 
 I'Agosta Nova (in Sicily), 157. 
 Aire, 336. 
 
 Alasco, John, Envoy of Duke Albert of Bran- 
 denburg to England, 48, 60. 
 , , sent with credentials from the 
 
 Duke of Mecklenburg to Edward VI., 
 
 205. 
 Alba, in Piedmont, 182, 
 Albanois (mercenaries), 32. 
 Albergato, M. Annibale, 132. 
 Albiac, Agnace d', sends translation of the 
 
 Book of Job to King Edward VL, 
 
 217. 
 AlcmathBassa,one of the Turk's commanders i 
 
 279. 
 Alegre, Gilbert, Baron d', 129. 
 Alemanni, Louis, Steward of Catherine de, 
 
 Medici's household, 146, 147, 155, 158, 
 
 159. 
 
 Alemanni, Louis, commissioned to excite a re- 
 volt at Genoa, 147. 
 
 , , French Ambassador at Genoa, 
 
 158. 
 
 Alessandria, 241. 
 
 Alexander, Mr. Nicholas, 123. 
 
 Alost, 266. 
 
 , letters dated from, 43. 
 
 AU Souls' College, 81. 
 
 Allen, John, an English miner, 246. 
 
 AUington, Thomas, servant to the Bishop of 
 Westminster, 23. 
 
 Almaine Camp (near Boulogne), oaptiure of, by 
 the French, 46. 
 
 Alterius, Balthasar, letters from, 25, 26. 
 
 Alva, Duke of, 12, 113, 167, 169, 173, 176, 
 178, 183, 229, 238, 239, 240, 251, 252, 
 254, 255, 256, 261, 263, 266. 
 
 , commands the Emperor's van- 
 guard in Saxony, 12. 
 
 , , is sent by the Emperor to 
 
 Spain, 169, 173. 
 
 , , commands the Imperialists at 
 
 the siege of Metz, 229. 
 
 , , is sent away from Flanders on 
 
 account of his unpopularity, 251, 256. 
 
 Ambassadors, 
 1546-7:— 
 
 , Edward Came, agent in Flanders, 2. 
 
 , Sir Peter Meautys, Extraordinary to 
 
 France, 2. 
 
 , Edward Bellingham, Extraordinary to 
 
 the Emperor. 
 
 Sir Eichard Morysine to Denmark, 2. 
 
 , Dr. Wotton, Resident in France, 4. 
 
 Baron de la Garde, Extraordinary to 
 
 England, 4. 
 
 , Odet deSelve, Resident in England, 4. 
 
 , Eustace Capuis, Extraordinary from 
 
 the Emperor, 4, 88. 
 
 , Sir Thomas Chamberlain, in Flanders, 
 
 1546-7,-1553, 4. See Chamberlain. 
 
 , James Zambone, Extraordinary for 
 
 Venice, 6. 
 
 , Edmond Harvel, Resident at Venice, 5. 
 
 , Francis Vanderdilst, from the Em- 
 peror, in England, 27. 
 
360 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Ambossadorg — continued. 
 1548 !— 
 
 , M. de Langey, from Henry II. to 
 
 England, 352. 
 
 , Gaspar de Figueredo, fVom Portugal 
 
 to England, 28. 
 1550:— 
 , Siro de Chastillon and others, Extra- 
 ordinary to England, 48, 49. 
 
 Sicur deChemault, from Henry II. to 
 
 England, 50, 96. 
 1551:— 
 
 , M. de Boisdaulphin, fVom Henry II. 
 
 to England, 117, 129. 
 1553:— 
 
 , Antoine, Seigneur de Xoailles, from 
 
 Henry II. to England, 261. 
 Ambassadors at Venice, their duties, 94, 95, 
 
 109, 110. 
 Ambleteuse, 295, 323, 345. 
 Amboise, letters dated from, 89, 92, 95, 96, 
 97. 
 
 Cardinal of, death of, 54. 
 
 317. 
 
 Amiens, 312, 319, 327, 336, 350. 
 
 Ampoule, La Sainte, wherewith the Kings of 
 
 France are consecrated, 222. 
 , , a cure for the falling sickness, 
 
 222. 
 Amsterdam, 31. 
 
 Anabaptists, the, in Flanders, 122. 
 Anabaptists, 
 Antinomians, 
 Adiaphorists, 
 Ancise, Aleram, son of Boarel, Marquis d', 
 
 a nobleman of Savoy, 28. 
 Ancona, 93, 100. 
 Ancre, 339. 
 Andelot, M. d' (Francis de Coligny), 20, 
 
 21, 28, 52, 147, 152, 154, 158, 159, 252, 
 
 290. 
 , , his great suit with the de la 
 
 Val family, 28. 
 
 , , his mission to Spain, 52. 
 
 , , sent to Switzerland by Henry 
 
 II. to enlist troops, 147. 
 , , taken prisoner in Italy by 
 
 Fernando Gonzaga, 152, 154. 
 Andrea, Captain, 299. 
 Anet, a residence of Madame de Valentinois, 
 
 " a wonderful fair and sumptuous 
 
 house," 54, 55, 56, 258. 
 
 , letter dated fi-om, 257. 
 
 Angers, letters dated from, 113, 118, 121, 150 
 
 146. 
 
 Angouli'mc, Duke of, afterwards Charles IX., 
 
 birth of, 40, 55. 
 
 Anguscioll, Count Julian, one of tlic- mur- 
 derers of Pietro liUdovico Farncse, 
 Duke of Piacenza, 291. 
 
 , his arrest, 201. 
 
 Anhalt, John, I'lincc of, prisoner at siege of 
 Magdeburg, 74. 
 
 .lOtO, ^UMj 111 ^-MUIJ 
 
 "ans, 1"'?: .'"y" 
 rists! J »'8'°°> 
 
 injury done by, to re- 
 220. 
 
 Annebaut, Claude, Seigneur d', Admiral of 
 
 France, 20, 233, 324, 327, 331, 351. 
 Anjou, Henri, Due d', birth and baptism of, 
 
 187. 
 Anscrrille, near St. Diziers, 23. 
 Anspach, George of Brandenburg, Marqius of 
 
 Nuremberg and, 174. 
 Antenori, Amerigo, a Florentine Captain, 143. 
 Anthony, A., Clerk of the Ordnance, 26. 
 Antwerp, 31, 82, 34,40, 57, 58, 59, 66, 108, 120, 
 
 122, 150, 161, 206, 211, 236, 254, 260, 
 
 273, 301. 
 an English ship arrested at, for the 
 
 Emperor, 120. 
 all ships laden with the property of 
 
 English subjects stayed out, 1 6 1. 
 , monetary transactions of the English 
 
 Government at, 32,34, 211, 273. 
 
 , marquisate of, 286. 
 
 , magistrates of, letter of, 27. 
 
 , , letter to, 152, 155. 
 
 complaint of English merchants at, 
 
 188. 
 
 , letters dated from, 4, 5, 7, 8, 11, 13, 
 
 15, 26, 27, 31, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 42, 
 45, 57, 64, 66, 67, 74, 212, 218, 235, 
 245, 255, 263, 265, 264, 266, 273. 
 
 Appollonius, Herman, Envoy from the Hanse 
 Towns to England, 246. 
 
 Aragon, the Courts of, 92. 
 
 Aramon, M. d', 172. 
 
 Archald, the, 251, 276. 
 
 Ai-de, burning of, 25. 
 
 Arden of Feversham, his murder, 279. 
 
 Ardeme, John, 318. 
 
 Ardinghilli, Julian, 29. 
 
 Ardres, 298, 299, 303, 319, 323, 824. 
 
 , the Captain of, see Blerencoort. 
 
 , the Abbot of, 318, 319. 
 
 , letter dated from, 303. 
 
 Aremberg, d', Jean de Eigne, Comte, 122, 
 193. 
 
 Argel (Algiers), 55, 90, 1 13, 264. 
 
 Armachan (Armagh), the blind Scotch Arch- 
 bishop of (Robert Wauchope), "2, 8S, 
 108, 128. 
 
 , goes to Home, 72. 
 
 Armi, Ludovico de L', 12, 18, 35. 
 
 Arnold, Nicholas, one of the Council at Bou- 
 logne, 294, 299, 309, 353, 354. 
 
 , Mr. 149, 227, 237, 242. 
 
 , a Dutchman, 227. 
 
 Arras, 297, 336. 
 
 Bishop of, (Antoine de Granvellc, 
 
 afterwards Cardinal, chief adviser of the 
 Emperor after the death of his flither 
 Nicolas de Granvelle in 1550), 30, 41, 
 43, 74, 88, Sr, 90, 103, 104, 105, 113, 
 116, 126, 132, 135, 137, 138, 139, 140, 
 142, 154, 155, 104, 165, 166, 167, 169, 
 17U, 222, 225, 232, 239, 240, 242, 243, 
 244, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 
 201, 262, L'UG, 270, 271, 277, 279, 280, 
 281,283, 285, 287,288. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 361 
 
 Arsohot, Duke of (Philip de Croy), 8. 
 
 , marriage of, to the Princess 
 
 Dowager of Orange, 25. 
 
 , Charles de Croy, second Duke of, 
 
 140. 
 
 slain "through folly," 140. 
 
 , Philip de Croy, thii-d Duke of, one of 
 
 the captains before Terouanne,265. 
 
 Artois, 293. 
 
 Arundel, Earl of. 14, 190. 
 
 , his implication in the Duke of 
 
 Somerset's conspiracy, 203. 
 
 Arundel, Sir Thomas, 203. 
 
 , , implicated in Somerset's con- 
 spiracy, 204. 
 
 Ascanio, Signor (della Coruia), nephew of 
 Pope Paul III., 102, 107, 111, 120, 
 128, 261. 
 
 , , joins the Imperialists in their 
 
 attack on Sienna, 234, 241 ; danger- 
 ously wounded, 261, 266. 
 
 Ascham, Roger, 69, 216, 221,222, 223, 230, 
 231, 248. 
 
 letter from, 222. 
 
 AsinaluDga, a town near Sienna, 247. 
 
 Asti, 173, 177, 241, 282. 
 
 Atkinson, Edmund (Bluematitle), 21, 22, 23 ; 
 (Somerset), 52, 53. 
 
 Atwood, Captain, an ofBcer at Boulogne, 354. 
 
 , , discharged for cowardice, 354.. 
 
 Aubespine,Claude De 1', Seigneur de Hauterive, 
 King Henry n.'s Secretary of State, 
 20, 50, 51, 289. 
 
 , .receives a gold chain from Ed- 
 ward VI., 200, 204. 
 
 , sent to England to make per- 
 sonal inquiries into the state of health 
 of King Edward VI., 280, 286, 287. 
 
 Aubespine, Sebastian de 1', see Abbot of 
 Bassefontaine. 
 
 Aubigny, M. d', brother to the Earl of Len- 
 nox, 331. 
 
 Aubry, M. d', 238. 
 
 Aucher, Sir Anthony, 292, 312, 313, 315, 316, 
 319,330,339,346, 356. 
 
 , , letter from, 316. 
 
 Augsburg, letters dated from, 18, 19, 21, 22, 
 23, 24, 27, 61, 65, 66, 68, 69, 76, 80, 85, 
 87, 90,95, 96, 99, 101, 103, 111, 115, 
 123, 124, 132, 135, 137, 140, 150, 154, 
 157, 159, 162, 164, 166, 167, 168, 169, 
 172, 174, 178, 180, 186, 218, 219. 
 
 , surrenders to the Emperor Charles V., 
 
 1,6. 
 
 , the Emperor's Court at, 108, 132, 140, 
 
 169, 185. 
 
 , , the citizens of, much oppressed, 
 
 249, 285. 
 
 , diet at, 48, 49. 
 
 copy of proceedings at diet of, 51. 
 
 , great scarceness of provisions at, 86, 
 
 95. 
 
 , the diligent labour of the people of, 
 
 95, 96. 
 
 Augsburg, Protestants of, persecuted, 164, 165, 
 
 166, 169, 170, 174, 187. 
 
 , confession of, 179, 220. 
 
 Aumale, Duke of (Francis de Guise), 16, 40. 
 , his marriage to a daughter of 
 
 Hercules, Duke of Fcrrara, 16. 
 , permitted to return to the 
 
 French court, 327. See also Francis 
 
 Duke of Guise. 
 Aumale, Duke of (Claude de Guise), 15, 57, 
 
 350. 
 
 , , his ambition, 75. 
 
 , commands French infantry in 
 
 Italy, 158. 
 
 , the prisoner of Albert of Bran- 
 denburg, 229. 
 
 Aurifaber, John, 248. 
 
 Austria, Ferdinand the Archduke of, second 
 
 son of the ICing of the Bomans, 138, 
 
 215. 
 
 , house of, 3. 
 
 Austrians, the, 199. 
 
 , ask for aid from the States of the 
 
 Empire, 24. 
 Avesnes,in Haioault, 157. 
 Avignon, 141, 266. 
 , King Henry II., threatens to seize, 
 
 127. 
 Avila, Louis d', Spanish captain of horse, 251, 
 
 276, 282. 
 Auxy-le-Chateau, 339,340, 341. 
 
 B. 
 
 Badger, Thomas, in the service of Cardinal 
 
 Pole, 110. 
 BagUone, Signor Eadulpho, a captain in the 
 
 service of the Duke of Florence, 119, 
 
 130, 135, 144. 
 
 Sig. Astor, 130, 158. 
 
 , Sig. Adriano, 158, 259. 
 
 Baker, John, 318. 
 
 William, master-carpenter to the King 
 
 at Calais, 339. 
 Balbani, Bartolomeo, 237. 
 
 , letter from, 235. 
 
 , , Turco, his brother, 235. 
 
 Balncaves, 69. 
 
 Balsora, Lord of, 7. 
 
 Bamberg, Bishop of, his quarrel with Albert 
 
 Alcibiades of Brandenburg, 257, 265, 
 
 268,271,286. 
 , , chased from his diocese by 
 
 Albert of Brandenburg, 276, 282. 
 , castle of, taken by Albert of Bran- 
 denburg, 276. 
 Bannister, Thomas, merchant of London, 220. 
 Bar, in Lorraine, 23. 
 
362 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Barbarossa, King of Algiers, 113, 1S4, 172. 
 
 Barboro, Signer, Daniel, 98. 
 
 Barcelona, 87,172. 
 
 Barclay, Tlioinas, 81. 
 
 Barlcmont, Mons. dc, one of the Council at 
 
 Brussels, 193, 235, 262, 2G6. 
 sent by the Emperor into Guel- 
 
 dres and Frifsland, 193. 
 , commands a regiment of horse 
 
 for the Emperor, 262. 
 Barnabees', Mr., Remembrances, 233. 
 Barnes, William, 227, 242. 
 
 letter from, 149. 
 
 Baro (in Zealand), 13. 
 
 Baron, M. le, Lieutenant to M. "de Rieulx, 333, 
 Barrilerius, John, merchant of Oporto, plun- 
 dered by three British ships, 65. 
 Barton, John, a Commander of Scottish ships, 
 
 317. 
 Bas Boulogne, 350, 354. 
 
 , letters dated from, 299. 
 
 Basing, Captain of one of King Edward VI. 's 
 
 ships, 280. 
 Basle, 19, 235. 
 
 , the Council of, 179. 
 
 Basse Fontaine (Sebastien de rAubespine, 
 
 abbot of), 45,49. 
 Basset, Mr., English Captain at Guisnes, 297. 
 
 Bassompierre, Fran9ois, Seigneur de, a gentle- 
 man of Lorraine, 253. 
 , Envoy from France, to Charles V. 
 
 253, 255. 
 Bastilian, the [the Bastille], 331. 
 Batoryk, 27. 
 Battista, Sig. Giovanni. -Sec Giovanni Bat- 
 
 tista del Monte. 
 Bavaria, Albert, Duke of, 257, 284. 
 Bave, one of the Emperor's secretaries, 268. 
 Beam, 128. 
 
 Beaton, James, see the Archbishop of Glasgow. 
 Beaufort, letters dated from, 150. 
 Beaulieu, near Guisnes, 318. 
 Beaurayes, near Boulogne, 347. 
 
 , letter dated from, 347. 
 
 Beawky, William, 354. 
 
 Beckwith, Sir Leonard, one of the Council at 
 
 Boulogne, 292, 294. 
 , appointed a Commissioner to 
 
 settle the boundaries between England 
 
 and Scotland, 87. 
 Bedford, John, Earl of, one of the Council, 5, 
 
 14,64, 329.- 
 Beghes, in IIuiiRary, 178. 
 Btglicr Bey, principal Bassaof the Turk, 1C5. 
 
 , tlif, of Greece, 264, 279. 
 
 Bcllefoi'ii'rc, Charles, Scignoin- do, Colonel of 
 
 infantry in Picardy, 2i)7. 
 Belgari, fortress of, Hurrcndcrcil by the Turks 
 
 to the IVrgians, 271. 
 Belgium, wr Fhnilers. 
 Bellasis, Dr., a grave and learned man, 81. 
 Bellay, Cardinal du, .'127. 
 , M. du, ace M. de Langey. 
 
 Bellingham, Edward, Gentleman of the Privy- 
 Chamber and Ambassador Extraordi- 
 nary to the Emperor, 2, 3, 5. 
 
 Beltye, in the Marches of Newhaven, 332. 
 
 Benincourt, M. de, an Imperialist Captain 
 taken prisoner at Terouanne, and res- 
 cued, 267. 
 
 Bennett, John, clerk of the check of the retinae 
 at Calais, 357. 
 
 Bentivoglio, house of, Lords of Bologna, ex- 
 pelled by Julius U., 112. 
 
 , Sig. Comelio, one of the French party 
 
 in Italy, 131, 135, 184, 229, 263. 
 
 , , cuts in pieces 2,000 landsknechts, 
 
 272, 274. 
 
 Benyon, Francis de, guide, kills his man in a 
 duel, 301, 302. 
 
 Bergamo, 148. 
 
 Bishop of, becomes a Protestant, 88, 
 
 93. 
 
 Berghes, Marqnis de, his brother, 144. 
 
 Bemaert, Wlman, a German theologian at the 
 Council of Trent, letter froml92. 
 
 Bernard, Sir Francis, 12, 17. 
 
 Bernardine, , his ill services to Sir B. 
 
 Morysine, 209, 212, 213. 
 
 John, 18,20,21,24, 85, 91, 166. 
 
 , , forbidden the Emperor's court, 
 
 222. 
 
 , memorial of, 29. 
 
 Bernardo, Cavalier, a Venetian captain, 127. 
 
 , Francisco, 297, 298, 299. 
 
 Berne, 38. 
 
 Berteville, 20, 36. 
 
 Bertrandy, Garde des Sceaux in France, 274. 
 
 Berwick (upon Tweed), 28, 33, 79, 83. 
 
 , attack upon, anticipated, 73. 
 
 Besan(on, Bishop of, 168. 
 
 Bethell, Richard, one of King Edward VI. 's sea 
 Captains, 280. 
 
 Bethune, 336. 
 
 Beury, intelligence dated from, 349. 
 
 Beverley, , son-in-law to Sir Bicbard 
 
 Cotton, 347. 
 
 Biez, Oudart, Seigneur du (Marshal), 40, 55, 
 293, 299, 312, 319,323, 324, SSa 
 
 , , Lieutenant to M. de Vend6me, 
 
 355. 
 
 , , condemned to be executed and 
 
 quai'tered, 40. 
 Bilbao, 4. 
 Bild, Andrew, a Panish Captain, his vessel 
 
 pillaged by the English, 217. 
 Binclve (near Brussels), 25, 
 
 , letters dntod from, 1. 
 
 BIrago, Ludovioo, 15. 
 
 Binli, , of Boulogne, 344. 
 
 Bird, John, mnstci--cai-pcnter to the King at 
 
 Ciilais, 339. 
 Bischoff, Albert, a nobleman of Cantzic, 198, 
 
 207. 
 
 Blackness, a small fort near Boulogne, letters 
 dated from, 295, 299, .nOS, 312, 314, 
 315, 318, 321, 325, 330, 339, 342. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 263 
 
 Blackness, 294, 295, 296, 297, 303, 304, 306, 
 308, 312, 313, 314, S15, 316, 317, 318, 
 319, 320, 322, 323, 327, 328, 345. 
 
 , taken by the French, 46. 
 
 , receipt and expenditure of victuals at, 
 
 312. 
 
 Blerencourt, M. de. Captain of Ardres, 293, 
 
 303, 306, 307, 318, 319, 323, 324, 331, 
 
 333. 
 
 , letters from, 303, 319. 
 
 Blois, 59, 77, 129, 146, 200. 
 
 letters dated from, 63, 64, 65, 67, 68, 
 
 69, 71, 75, 77, 78, 79, 80,81. 
 Blount, Sir Richard (of Mapledurham), of the 
 
 privy chamber, 61, 62, 63. 
 
 .letter from, 320. 
 
 Bluemantle, pursuivant, v. Atkinson. 
 
 Bog, John, 82, 83. 
 
 , Nichol, servant to Lord Bothwell, 
 
 82. 
 Bohemia, 142, 160, 180. 
 , King of, 1, 5. 5ec also the Archduke 
 
 Maximilian. 
 rebellion in against the King of the Eo- 
 
 maBS, 336. 
 
 , anew King elected there, 336. 
 
 Bohemians, the (religious sect), 179. 
 Boisdaulphin, M., de, maitre d'hotel to King 
 
 Henry II. 114, 289. 
 , , French ambassador to Eng- 
 land, 117, 129. 
 
 , recalled, 233, 261. 
 
 Bois-le-Duc, 122. 
 
 Bolani, Dominico, Ambassador from Venice to 
 
 England, 17. 
 Bologna, letter dated from, 132. 
 93, 100, 112, 116, 119, 125, 127, 131, 
 
 132,134, 13.5, 141, 142, 150, 151, 179, 
 
 181, 182, 291. 
 
 , Council of Trent removed to, 17. 
 
 , the Lordship of the house ofBenti- 
 
 voglio, 112. 
 , strongly garrisoned by Julius III., 
 
 116. 
 , spoiled and -srasted by Pietro Strozzi, 
 
 134. 
 Bonnivet, de, Colonel of French infantry in 
 
 • Italy, 297. 
 Bonnivet, formerly Bishop of Bosiers, shot, 
 
 24. 
 Bordeaux, 18, 24, 297. 
 
 wine trade of, with England, 187. 
 
 , archbishopric of, 1 50. 
 
 Borgo, San Donino, 182. 
 
 Borthwick, Sir John, 32 ; (qy. same as Batoyrk, 
 
 p. 27 f), 36. 
 Boseke, Arnold, 47. 
 Boses, Andre de, merchant of Lyons, 54, 55, 
 
 56. 
 Bossolo, a town of the Cardinal of Ferrara, 
 
 107. 
 Bossut, Jean de Hennin, Comte de, " Grand 
 
 Ecuyer" of Emperor Charles V., 39, 
 
 262. 
 
 Bothwell, Patrick, Srd Earl of, 118. 
 
 Botte, M. de, 48, " le Beau Breton," 58. 
 
 Boulogne, the Marches of, the Bailli of, 320. 
 
 High, the parsonage of, 317. 
 
 , Council of, letters from, 340, 341, 344 
 
 354. 
 
 , letters to, 352. 
 
 , letters dated from, 4, C, 292, 294, 
 
 299, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 308, 
 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 320, 
 322, 323, 325, 327, 329, 330, 331, 333, 
 335, 337, .338, 340, 341, 344, 345, 346, 
 347, 348, 349, 350, 354. 
 
 ,6, 14, 17, 21,22, 33,40,41,42,43. 
 
 44,45,46,47,62,114, 127, 129, 139, 
 267. 293, 302, 311, 314, 315, 319, 323, 
 341, 343, 344, 348, 349, 350, 351, 354, 
 355. 
 
 , treaty to settle limits of, 10. 
 
 , France, determines to attack, 45,298. 
 
 treaty of, 48. 
 
 free exportation of grain to, 296. 
 
 , grants of patents to the officers at, 320. 
 
 .., 400,000 crowns paid for the surrender 
 
 of, to France, 355. 
 
 Boulogneberg, 294, 329, 345, 346, 353, 354, 
 355. 
 
 , letters dated from, 299, 354. 
 
 Boulognois, the, 311, 329. 
 
 Bourhourg, 317, 331. 
 
 Bourcin, the church of, in the Boulognois, 329. 
 
 Bourdin, Secretary of King Henry II., 129. 
 
 Bournell, John, 265, 266. 
 
 Bowes, Sir Eobert, 48, 49, 50, 73, 87, 120. 
 
 , , ruinates Roxburgh and Eye- 
 mouth, 50. 
 
 , , appointed a Commissioner to 
 
 settle the boundaries of England and 
 Scotland, 87. 
 
 Bowmere, William, Government Contractor at 
 Blackness, 312. 
 
 Brabanson, Mons., 11, 13. 
 
 Brabant, Council of, 13. 
 
 , States of, recognize Philip Prince of 
 
 Spain as their Sovereign, 41. 
 
 , meeting of the States of, 140. 
 
 Bramlyn, Mr., 321. 
 
 Brandenburg, Albert Alcibiades of Culmbach, 
 
 Marquis of, invades Saxony and 
 
 Thuringia, 1. 
 
 , taken prisoner, 8, 9. 
 
 , , defeated, 18. 
 
 , , his quaiTel with Nuremberg 
 
 and the German Bishops, 215, 268. 
 
 , , takes and destroys the Duchy 
 
 of Brunswick, ibid. 
 
 , is at the siege of Metz, 229. 
 
 , takes the Duke of Aumale pri- 
 soner, ibid. 
 
 , , his army afflicted with a grievous 
 
 pestilence, 249. 
 
 , , attempts to reconcile him with 
 
 the German Bishops, 257. 
 
364 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Brandenburg, Albert Alcibiades of Culmbach, 
 
 Marquis of, thrice defeated by Henry the 
 
 Younger, Duke of Brunswick, 265. 
 , , his quarrel with the Bishops 
 
 of ^\'llrtzburg and Bamberg, 257, 
 
 265,268, 271,276. 
 defeats the Bishop of Bamberg 
 
 and routs those of Nuremberg, 282, 287. 
 , , bis great enmity towards Duke 
 
 Maurice of Saxony, 286. 
 , , Joachim II., Margrave and 
 
 Elector of, 22, 29, 168, 180. 
 
 , subscribes to the Interim, 19. 
 
 Brandenburg, Hans, Marquis of, 23, 164. 
 Brands, John, joint Consul for Dantzic in 
 
 London, 220. 
 Braye, John, Lord, 123. 
 , Edward, Sir, one of the Council at 
 
 Calais, 296. 
 
 , .letter from, 331. 
 
 Bremen, 6, 9, 11, 14, 31, 34, 113. 
 
 letters dated from, 14, 28, 29, 30. 
 
 magistrates of, 2, 29, 30, 31, 32. 
 
 siege of, 11, 12, 13, 21, 88, 90. 
 
 , Senate of, letter from, 28. 
 
 , bishopric of, 155. 
 
 dispute between the King of 
 
 Denmark, and the Duke of Brunswick, 
 
 concerning, 155, 181, 189, 203. 
 Bremer, shipmaster, 29. 
 Brend, John, alias William Watson, Envoy 
 
 from England to the Hanse Towns, 7, 
 
 14, 28, 33. 
 Brentius. See Brentzen. 
 Brentzen, a Protestant divine, 136, 180. 
 
 draws up a confession for the churches 
 
 in Germany, 136, 168, 169. 
 Brescello, a castle of Cardinal of Ferrara, 
 
 106. 
 Bressell,a Captain of Farma, 182. 
 Brest, 18, 61, 79, 2.58, 280, 342. 
 Brett, Alexander, Lieutenant of the citadel of 
 
 Boulogne, 345. 
 Bretton, Rowland, a merchant of Havre, 342. 
 Bricherasco, 172. 
 Brickenden, Mr., 322. 
 Brigantyne, John, letters from, 174, 189, 190, 
 
 321, 325, 330, 339. 
 Brionne, 342. 
 
 Brissac, Marshal de, 17, 350. 
 , commands the French army in 
 
 Piedmont, 126, 134,234. 
 Brittany, 16, 18, 20, 24, 28, 51, 79, 103, 258, 
 
 297,307,312. 
 
 , large army assembled in, 349. 
 
 Brooke, Richard, 300. 
 
 , Lord, his ion, right rough and courage- 
 ous in all feats of arms, 307, 338. 
 Broughton, an Englishman, prisoner in the 
 
 hands of M. de Brissac, CO. 
 Browne, Kir Anthony, 14, 190. 
 
 Broyne, M. de, Lieutenant to VlUeft'anclic, 
 333. 
 
 Bruges, 1, 2, 4, 38, 211, 236, 312, 317. 
 letters dated from, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 
 
 45, 206, 207, 208. 
 Bruningberg, near Boulogne, 324, 
 Bruno, Doctor, 32, 34, 35, 60, 222. 
 Brunswick and Lunenburg, Duke of, see 
 
 Lunenburg. 
 Brunswick, Henry the Younger, Duke of, 11, 
 
 13, 155. 
 , , joins the Imperialists before 
 
 Bremen, II, 13. 
 his dispute with the King of 
 
 Denmark concerning the bishopric of 
 
 Bremen, 155, 181, 203. 
 
 , , at war with Albert Alcibiades of 
 
 Brandenburg, 215. 
 , Count Mansfeldt's report 
 
 against him, 222. 
 
 , defeats Marquis Albert, 265. 
 
 , , joins Duke Maurice and the 
 
 German Bishops, 286. 
 
 , his success in the war with the 
 
 Bishops of Munster and Osnaburg, 
 
 285. 
 Brussels, 1, 2, 15, 31, 33, 34, 66, 107, 108, 126, 
 
 132, 140, 143, 206, 208, 235, 236, 240, 
 
 242, 273. 
 , the people of, rise against the 
 
 Spaniards, 283. 
 , proclamation dated from, 177. 
 
 , letters dated from, 3, 5, 6, 13, 14, 25, 
 
 27,28, 34, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43,47,90, 
 108, 122, 140, 143, 152, 157, 168, 173, 
 185, 191, 193, 194, 199, 200, 201, 202, 
 210, 212, 225, 226, 227, 233, 23.5, 237, 
 242, 243, 248, 250, 253, 255, 256, 258, 
 261, 262, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 
 273, 275, 277, 279, 281, 283, 285, 287, 
 288, 289. 
 
 Bryant, Richard, clerk of the Custom House 
 at Calais, 357. 
 
 Brj-dges, Sir John, 292, 294, 309, 322, 337. 
 
 , his insubordination, 33S, 339. 
 
 , , letters fVom, 340, 341,342,345, 
 
 346, 347, 348, 349, 350. 
 
 Bucer, 19, 21, 22, 60, 75 166. 
 
 , dies, 88. 
 
 Bucholt, his complaint 144. 
 
 Buda, 7. 
 
 , the Bassaof, 89, 99. 
 
 Bullion, importation of, into England, 34, 35. 
 
 Bure, Maximilian d'Egmont, Count of, com- 
 mands the Imperialists before Bremen, 
 11, 13. 
 
 his daughter married to William 
 
 Prince of Orange, 140. 
 
 1 superintends the naval prepara- 
 tions in Flanders, 156, 173. 
 
 Burgart [Burgarthus] Ambassador from 
 Saxony to France, 13. 
 
 his great ability as a diplomatist, 284. 
 
 Burgos, Cardinal of, 182. 
 
 his dispute with the Pope, 265 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 365 
 
 Burgundy, 72, 195, 293. 
 
 , house of, 18, 268. 
 
 , States of, 22. 
 
 , conferred on Philip Prince of Spain, 
 
 138. 
 
 Biu-siu, 311. 
 
 Busbot, Mons. de, the Emperor's master of the 
 
 horse, 144. 
 Bury, Thomas, merchant of the Staple, of 
 
 Calais, 338. 
 Butter, the price of regulated by proclamation, 
 
 64. 
 Buttes, Mr., 97. 
 
 c. 
 
 Cabot, Sebastian, 171. 
 
 Cahors, Bishop of, 280. 
 
 Caiazzo, Count, 183. 
 
 Calabria, 148. 
 
 Calais, 30, 32, 34, 39, 44, 129, 211, 236, 258, 
 
 292, 296, 297, 298, 302, 303, 312, 315, 
 
 316, 317, 323, 328, 329. 
 
 , French encroachments at, 48, 49, 50. 
 
 , boundaries round, 62. 
 
 , English merchants at, 206. 
 
 , French plan to attack, 221. 
 
 , good building stone discovered at, 
 
 330. 
 
 , Council of, 296, 298. 
 
 , letters from, 322, 330. 
 
 , letters dated from, 295, 296, 297, 300, 
 
 301, 303, 304, .305, 306, 310, 311, 312, 
 
 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 322, 326, 330, 
 
 331, 332, 333, 335, 336, 338, 351, 355, 
 
 356, 357, 358. 
 Calderon, a Spanish Captain, 198, 199. 
 Calenberg, 42. 
 Callard, Mr., Lieutenant of Boulogneberg, 
 
 34.'!. 
 Calnwaert, Hubert, 27. 
 Calvorese, Sig. Morello, 272. 
 Cambray, 265. 
 
 , mutiny of the Spaniards in, 276, 282. 
 
 Cambridge, University of, 149. 
 
 Camerino, Dukedom of, offered to Octavio 
 
 Earnese, 93, 98, 128, 130, 131. 
 Camoiano, Secretary to Pope Julius III., 192. 
 Camolia, one of the gates of Sienna, 242. 
 Campagna, the, laid waste by Ferrante Gon- 
 
 zaga, 120. 
 Campbell, Sir Hugh, Sheriff of Ayr, 68. 
 
 Matthew (son of Sir Hugh), 68. 
 
 Cauaples, M. de, Jean de Crequy, one of the 
 
 ICnights of St. Michael, 222. 
 
 Canterbury, Archbishop of (Craniner), 14, 
 64, 329, 355. 
 
 Capata, 240. 
 
 Capecure, 349. 
 
 Capo di Ferro, Cardinal [San Giorgio], 263. 
 
 , Envoy from the Pope to France, 
 
 267, 272, 280, 285, 289. 
 
 Capponi, Giovanni, 178. 
 
 Capua, Prior of (Leo Strozzi), 27, 50, 51, 53, 
 176, 177, 178, 181, 183, 184, 191. 
 
 , takes the Castle of St. Andrew's, 27. 
 
 , goes on amission to Scotland, 50, 51. 
 
 , quits the French service in disgust, 
 
 176. 
 
 his assassination of Captain Corso 
 
 and his flight, 177. 
 
 , letter from, 178. 
 
 the Grand Master of Malta refuses 
 
 his services, 191. 
 
 Capuis, Eustace, Envoy from Spain to England, 
 4, 88. 
 
 Caraffa, Cesare, 179. 
 
 Caramania, the Bassa of, revolts against the 
 Turk, 277. 
 
 Cardinals, Ambassadors from Rome, 9. 
 
 , congregation of, 130, 131. 
 
 thirteen new, created to please the 
 
 Emperor, 198. 
 
 Carignano, 182. 
 
 Carinthia, 199. 
 
 Carlo, John, of Antwerp. 254. 
 
 Came, Edward (Sir), letters from — 
 1546-7: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7,8. 
 1547: 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 25. 
 
 , begs payment of his " diets," 9. 
 
 Camiola, 199. 
 
 Carolovicius, 24. 
 
 agent for Duke Maurice at Augs- 
 burg, 88. 
 
 Carpentras, Paul Sadoletus, Bishop of, 276. 
 
 Carpi, Cardinal, 130, 183. 
 
 Gary, Mr., 123. 
 
 Castaldo (idem ac Gastaldo). 
 
 Caste), Count, Envoy from Albert of Branden- 
 burg to England, 54. 
 
 CastelSt. Agatha, 135. 
 
 Castel San Giovanni, see San Giovanni. 
 
 Castellan, Giovanni, of Cremona, 106. 
 
 Castello Guelfo, near Parma, 119. 
 
 Castille, the Courts of. 92. ' 
 
 Catalonia, the Courts of, 92. 
 
 Catherine de Medici, Queen of France, 20, 133, 
 274. 
 
 , brought to bed of a boy, 28. 
 
 , delivered of ason, 49. 
 
 of a daughter, 280. 
 
 Catholics, The, 23, 29, 51, 60, 96, 164. 
 
 , of Germany, exhorted to continue in 
 
 their old religion, 23. 
 
 , attempt to terminate the differences 
 
 between them and the Protestants, 51, 
 , their condition in Germany, 96. 
 
366 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Castiglionc, Camillo Gonzoga, Count of, 159, 
 
 176, 290. 
 Castro, the Dukedom of Horatio Farnese, 127 
 
 130, 141. 
 CatzcnelloboKi'D, county of, 200. 
 , , surrendered by Duke Maurice 
 
 of Snxony, to Nassau, 189. 
 Caudebec, .'Ui. 
 
 letters dated from, 60, 61. 
 
 Cavalcante, Guido, 312. 
 
 , his kersies taken by Albert Alcibiades 
 
 of Brandenburg, 271, 277. 
 
 Cavendish, Sir Richard, one of tlve Council at 
 Newhaven, 294, 296, 304, 306, 308, 
 313, 318, 320, 321, 322, 323, 325, 330, 
 339, 342, 345. 
 
 letters from, 294, 295, 299,303, 
 
 312, 314, 315, 317,318. 
 
 , , his wife interlaces herself with 
 
 the King's affairs, 330. 
 
 , , his son William, 330. 
 
 , , Clerk of the victual at Blackness, 
 
 330. 
 
 Mr., 159. 
 
 Cawe Mill see Edrington. 
 
 Cecil, William, letters to (Master of Requests 
 to the Protector), 25, 52, 56, 60, 64, 65, 
 66, 67, 68, 69, 74, 76, 78, 80, 81, 95, 
 96, 103, 111, 123, 133, 147, 156,159, 
 167, 172, 174, 176, (Sir), 187, 191, 195, 
 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 201, 205, 206, 
 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 
 216, 217, 218, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 
 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 232, 233, 
 235, 236, 237, 242, 245, 246, 248, 250, 
 253, 258, 262, 270, 278, 282, 285, 287, 
 289, 355, 357, 358. 
 
 , made Chancellor of the Order of 
 
 the Garter, 225. 
 
 Ceri-ia, 181. 
 
 Cesavini, Sig. .Julio, 130. 
 
 Chalons, 214, 227. 
 
 Chaloner, Sir Thomas, 87, 108, 129. 
 
 , one of the commissioners to me- 
 diate between King Henry II. and the 
 Emperor, 200. 
 
 , , appointed Ambassador in France 
 
 260. 
 
 , , letters from, 273, 280, 288, 
 
 289. 
 
 , , letters to, 286. 
 
 Chamberlain, Sir Thomas, English Ambassa- 
 dor in I'Lindcrs, Icttci-s from, 4, 5, 8, 
 9, 15, 2r,, 122, 140, 143, l.'i2, l.")i;, IfiS, 
 173, 185, 188, 191, r.i3, 1!I4, 1119,200, 
 201, 202, 200, 207, 208, 210, 212, 218, 
 225, 226, 227, 2.13, 237, 2.'i:i, 265. 
 
 57,2.-l(l, 2(i:i, 280. 
 
 , his Rri'at public services, 27;t. 
 
 , , dciiieil llii' Ncrvicc of his rcll- 
 
 ligion irj I'liimlcrs, 67, 7.'), 208. 
 
 , , his iippoiutment revoked, 272, 
 
 281. 
 
 Champagne, 45, 233, 347. 
 
 Champigny, near Chinon, 107. 
 
 Chantilly, the seat of the Constable Mont- 
 morency, 55. 
 
 Chantonnay, Thomas Perrenot de, son to 
 Nicolas Perrenot de Granvelle, 312, 
 320. 
 
 Chapella, 21. 
 
 Charles V., Emperor of Germany, p(w«zm. 
 
 joins Duke Maurice of Saxony 
 
 in invading the Elector of Saxony's 
 country, 1. 
 
 invades Hesse, 1. 
 
 , , compels the Elector of Sax- 
 ony to raise the siege of Lcipsic, 3. 
 
 his agreement with Duke Ulric 
 
 of Wirtemberg, 6. 
 
 , his agreement with the town of 
 
 Augsburg, 6. 
 
 , his great military and naval 
 
 preparations, 8, 9. 
 
 , , defeated by the Elector of 
 
 Saxony, 9. 
 
 , has gout in his hand, 9. 
 
 , , reported dangerously ill, 10. 
 
 , joins the ICing of the Romans 
 
 and Duke Maurice, 11, 12. 
 
 takes the Elector of Saxony 
 
 prisoner, 13. 
 
 , besieges Wittenberg and 
 
 Bremen, 13. 
 
 , , plot to poison at Genoa, 16. 
 
 , , his distrust of the French, 18. 
 
 , , repulsed in his attack on Con- 
 stance, 26. 
 
 , , gives licence to soldiers to enter 
 
 service of England, 30. 
 
 , his increasing infirmities, 41. 
 
 , letters of, 27, 168, 198, 220. 
 
 , , proclamation of, against the 
 
 rebels of Magdeburg, 34. 
 
 , invests his son Philip in the 
 
 Low Countries, 42. 
 , his assurances of good feeling to 
 
 England, 43. 
 
 , , issues pragmatic decree, 47. 
 
 , " is grown into a notable pen- 
 
 siveness," 49. 
 
 , his hatred of England, 53. 
 
 , , concludes peace with the Scots. 
 
 05. 
 
 , , successful against the Turk, 70. 
 
 , displeased with the Pope, 89. 
 
 , lends the I'ope 3,000,000 crowns, 
 
 120, 141. 
 
 , prepares for war with France, 
 
 127. 
 
 , his obedience to llic Pope, 134. 
 
 liersecutos the Protest;\nts, 164, 
 
 ir,5, 166, 173. 
 
 , his intention to invade France, 
 
 176. 
 
 , his proclamation against iuter- 
 
 coune -with France, 177, 184. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 367 
 
 Charles V., Emperor, tries to gain a m^ority 
 among the Cardinals, 176, 178. 
 
 his intrigues in foyour of his son, 
 
 179. 
 
 , supports the claims of Henry 
 
 Dal^e of Brunwick's son as Bishop of 
 Bremen, 189. 
 
 , his navy defeated by the French, 
 
 192. 
 
 , tries to gain over the Swiss, 
 
 193. 
 
 , asks the aid of the German 
 
 Princes against France, 215. 
 
 , liis troops attack Sienna, 234. 
 
 his declining health, 240, 2S1, 
 
 255, 285. 
 
 , , his exactions from the people of 
 
 the Low Countries, 250. 
 
 , , professes the greatest attach- 
 ment to the Low Countries, 251. 
 
 , tries to make peace in Germany, 
 
 254. 
 , his jealousy of his brother and 
 
 his nephew, 270. 
 
 , , mediates between Albert Alci- 
 
 biades of Brandenburg and the Bishop 
 
 of Bamberg, 276. 
 , , his flight from Innspruck, 
 
 278. 
 , tries to make a new league in 
 
 Germany, 281. 
 Chartres, 63. 
 , Vidame of (Francis de Vendome), 
 
 11, 69, 79, 92, 118, 175. 
 
 , report of his death, 58. 
 
 , the most superstitious man in 
 
 France, 95. 
 , , detains Lord William Howard's 
 
 son, 226. 
 , , rewarded with the order of St. 
 
 Michael, 258. 
 Chastel, 19. 
 Chastillon, Gaspard de Coligny, Sire de, 40, 
 
 47, 55, 59, 65, 72, 79, 118, 121, 128, 
 
 130, 337, 339,344, 345, 347, 348, 349. 
 
 , his plan to surprise Boulogne, 
 
 21. 
 , , Ambassador Extraordinary to 
 
 England, 48, 49. 
 , , leaves the French Court in dis- 
 
 plea.sure, 59. i 
 
 , his return, 65. 
 
 , , is in great credit, 72. 
 
 , , commands in Pieardy, 118, 
 
 128. 
 , , receives the Marquis of North- 
 ampton at Nantes, 130. 
 Chateau Benauld, 77. 
 Chateaubriand, a residence of the Constable 
 
 Montmorency, 102, 114, 118, 121, 128, 
 
 130,133. 
 , letters dated from, 128, 133, 134. 
 
 Chateaudun, the residence of Mary of' Lor- 
 raine, the Queen Dowager of Scotland, 
 77. 
 
 Chau, M. de la, one of Charles V.'s Privy 
 Chamber, 280. 
 
 Chauin, M., 232. 
 
 Cheese, proclamation as to the price of, 64. 
 
 Cheke, Sir John, King Edward VI.'s tutor, 
 175, 216,219. 
 
 Chelsea, letters dated from, 229, 230, 235. 
 
 Chemault, Sieur de, French Ambassador to 
 England, 50, 96. 
 
 Cherasco, 172, 
 
 Chester Herald at Arms (William Flower), 
 123. 
 
 Cheyne, Sir Thomas, 47. 
 
 Chieri, 177, 185. 
 
 Chinon, letters dated from, 107. 
 
 Chioza, letters dated from, 224, 226. 
 
 Chipsala, 279. 
 
 Chiuse, 247. 
 
 Chyssado, Don Aluiso, the Emperor's Maitre- 
 cCHdtel, 282. 
 
 Cibo, Cardinal, 16. 
 
 Cicada, Captain, 158. 
 
 Citta Nuova, 131. 
 
 Civita Vecchia, 136. 
 
 Claurickard, the Captain of, see Mc William. 
 
 Claude, Princess, daughter of King Henry 11, 
 274. 
 
 Clerevaulx, Mons. de, 129. 
 
 Clergy, French, subsidize Francis I., 6. 
 
 Clerk, John, servant tolSir John Wallop, 298. . 
 
 Cleves, William de la Marck, Duke of, 7, 81, 
 117,249, 257,274,284. 
 
 , , letters of, 7, 81. 
 
 , , letters to, 117. 
 
 , the Duke of Saxony (John 
 
 Frederick), his right heii-, 249. 
 
 Cleves, letters dated from, 781. 
 
 Clinton, Edward, Lord, Lord High Admiral of 
 England, proxy for King Edward VI. 
 as godfather at baptism of the Due 
 d'Anjou, 187, 199. 
 
 instructions given to him to re- 
 ceive ratification of the treaty of mar- 
 riage between King Edward VI. and 
 the Princess Elizabeth of France, 194. 
 
 , ill of fever, 194. 
 
 , ,199. 
 
 , , letter from Council to, 200. 
 
 , , receives ratification of marriage 
 
 and dines with the French King, 202. 
 
 , , his letter to the Council, an- 
 nouncing his return to Calais, being 
 afflicted with a double quartan, and the 
 gift presented to him, 204. 
 
 , deputy for Edward VL at 
 
 Boulogne, 47, 354. 
 
 , severe letter to him from the 
 
 Council reprimanding him for enter- 
 taining the idea of surrendering Bou- 
 logneberg, 354. 
 
368 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Cloths, English, hung up in the Bialto of 
 Vienna as false and untrue, 227, 228. 
 
 Coadjutoria, the, 106. 
 
 Coals permitted to be exported to France, .51. 
 
 , Newcastle, the price of, 321. 
 
 importation of, into Boulogne, 327. 
 
 , smuggled into St. Valery, 327. 
 
 Cobham Hall, letter dated from, 315. 
 Cobham, Sir William, 123, 139, 140, 146. 
 
 George Lord, Ijord Deputy at Calais, 
 
 29.5, 296, 299, .109, 310, 315. 
 , , his son William, 332, 333. 
 
 , letters from, 295, 296, 297, 300, 
 
 301, 303, 304, 305, 310, 315, 329, 331, 
 332,333, 335, 336, 338, 351. 
 
 .instructions and letters to, 296, 329, 
 
 355. 
 Cobham, Mr. George, 279. 
 Coclo, Albanois, captain of horse, 304. 
 Coin, English, alleged counterfeiting of, 54, 56. 
 Coinage, reformation of the, in England, 107. 
 Coke, Mr., 50, 62, 63. 
 
 , Christopher, 29. 
 
 Col" Alto, Contedi, 154. 
 
 Colby, Francis, customer at Newhaven, 320. 
 
 Colchester, a Tictualler of, apprehended for 
 
 delivering beer to the French, 335. 
 Cole, William, 354. 
 Colennbarge, the chapel of, 311. 
 " CoUen cleves," what, 74. 
 Collenbach, 215. 
 Colli, Frumantius, 65. 
 Cologne, city of, new Bishop enters into, 2. 
 , Archbishop of (Herman Weide), 62. 
 
 , , (Adolph of Schaumburg), 145, 
 
 163, 168. 
 Colonna, Sig. Alessandro, 130. 
 
 , Sig. Ascanio, 141. 
 
 , Sig. Camillo (Duke of Zagarola), 247. 
 
 ,Sig. Pirro, 266. 
 
 Colorno, castle of, 135, 141, 143, 149. 
 
 Colt, Dr., 164. 
 
 Commissioners, French, in London, 48, 50, 64. 
 
 , appointment of, to settle boundaries of 
 
 England and Scotland, 87. 
 
 , their proceedings, 126, 129. 
 
 appointed by the French govern- 
 ment to inquire into the complaints of 
 English merchants, 231, 232, 233, 237, 
 238, 241,240, 254, 290. 
 
 .appointed by Edward VL to mediate 
 
 between the Emperor and the French 
 King, 260, 274, 275. 
 
 , French and KnclUh appointed to 
 
 settlo tlic boundaries of the lioulog- 
 nois, 329. 
 
 English and French, to aettle the 
 
 treaty of Boulogne, 48. 
 
 Comorn, the strength of the Christian army nt, 
 224. 
 
 Compagni, Bartolomeo, 81, 235. 
 
 , M., Bartolomeo, 235. 
 
 Compi^gne, 231, 232. 317, 319, 336. 
 letters dated from, 231, 232, 233. 
 
 Coningsby, Robert, appointed to command 
 troops at Calais, 304, 327. 
 
 , , returns to England, 328. 
 
 Conos, Pedro de los, Secretary to Philip Prince 
 of Spain, 4. 
 
 Constable, The, of France, (Anne de Mont- 
 morency), 9, 20, 40, 48, 49, 50, 51, 
 53, 55, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 65, 71, 72. 
 75, 76, 77, 78, 84, 102, 118, 121, 168, 
 181, 187, 194, 204. 227, 252, 258, 273, 
 274,289, 327,339. 
 
 , made Grand Governor of France, 
 
 331. 
 
 letters from, 107. 232. 
 
 letter to, 107. 
 
 , created Due de Montmorency, 150. 
 
 , his son appointed Admiral of the 
 
 French fleet, 1 76. 
 
 Constables, the, 120. 
 
 Constance, 21, 252. 
 
 , the Emperor's attack on repulsed, 36. 
 
 Council of, 179. 
 
 , Bishop of, 168. 
 
 Constantinople, 18, 91, 92, 93, 99, 127, 134, 
 142, 175, 176, 177, 181, 191, 224, 234, 
 238, 241, 247, 264, 266, 271, 272, 27*, 
 27a, 282. 
 
 Controversy, summary of, between the Em- 
 peror and King Ferdinand, 207. 
 
 Couswade, in the limits of the Boulognois, 
 
 332. 
 Cooke, John, 34, 35, 37. 
 
 Copenhagen, letters dated from, 39, 40, 42, 43, 
 
 44. 
 Coraxe, psendonyme for Lord Grange, 77. 
 Corbet, Convention held at, 89. 
 Corbie, a spy, 297, 304. 
 
 , the town of, 336. 
 
 Corda, Don Hernando della, 251. 
 Corfu, 82, 142. 
 
 , defence of, by the Venetians, JO. 91, 
 
 160. 
 Cornelius, Dr., Charles V.'s physician, 239. 
 
 267. 
 Cornia, della, see Signer Ascanio. 
 Cornish, a porter at Boulogne, 344. 
 Cornwall, David, a mau-at-arms at Boulogne, 
 
 308. 
 Corsica, 176. 183. 
 (^orso, ("laptain, 154. 
 
 assassinated by the instigation of 
 
 Ia'o Strozji, 177. 
 
 Cortona, 242. 
 
 Cos, 228. 
 
 (iotton, Mr., gentleman porter of the " base 
 
 town " of Boulogne, 314. 
 42. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 369 
 
 Cotton, Sir Richard, 190, 
 
 .Treasurer of Boulogne, 331. 
 
 .letters from, 331, 347, 355, 357. 
 
 , letter to, 335. 
 
 Couci le Chateau, letter dated from. 218. 
 Council, letters and instructions from the, 2, 
 7, 10. 30, 31, 32, 34, 3G, 37, 41, 44, 46, 
 47. 48, 49. 50, 52, 53, 54, 56, 60, 62, 
 63, 64, 67, 69, 73, 74, 77, 83, 87, 90, 96, 
 98, 102, 111, 126, 129, 139, 140, 161, 
 174, 175, 180, 185, 190, 20O, 208, 226, 
 231, 237, 242, 254, 268, 272, 279, 281, 
 286, 288, 295, 296, 298, ,328, 338, 352, 
 354. 355. 
 
 letters to the, 7. 9, 10, 13, 15, 16, 18, 
 
 19. 20, 21, 23, 24, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 48, 
 49, 50, 51, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 61, 
 63, 65, 67, 68, 69, 71, 75, 77, 78, 79, 80, 
 81, 85, 87, 89, 90, 92,93,95, 97, 98,99, 
 102, 107, 108, 109, 111, 114, 115, 117, 
 121, 122, 124, 127, 128, 129, 131, 132, 
 133, 134, 135, 137, 140, 142, 143, 144, 
 146, 147, 1.50, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 
 157, 158, 159, 160, 162, 163, 164, 166, 
 168, 169,171, 173, 174, 177, 178, 179, 
 180, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 191, 192, 
 193, 194, 195, 196, 199, 201, 202, 204, 
 215, 222, 223, 227, 231, 232, 234, 235, 
 238, 239, 240, 243, 245, 246, 250, 252, 
 253, 255, 256, 258, 259, 260, 261, 263, 
 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 273, 275, 
 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 283, 285, 287, 
 288, 289, 292, 294, 295, 296, 298, 299, 
 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 311, 312, 315, 
 316, 317, 319, 322, 323, 326, 330, 332, 
 340, 342, 345. 
 
 Counsell, Hugh, 311, 338. 
 
 Courrieres, M. de, 22i, 244, 2G6, 280, 281, 
 282. 
 
 Courton, Baron de, French envoy to Scotland, 
 95. 
 
 Conrtpening, see Conrad Pfenyng. 
 
 Coatances, 98. 
 
 Cowdray, Sir Anthony Browne's house, 190. 
 
 Cracow, letter dated from, 207. 
 
 Cranevelt, Dr., a man of learning at Brussels, 14. 
 
 Cranstoun, Riugan, 68. 
 
 Crave, Thomas, his Report, 233. 
 
 Crawford, " an honest gentleman," 225. 
 
 Grayer, an Englishman, Captain of the French, 
 King's light horse, his gallantry at 
 Teroaanne, 289. 
 
 Creance, Le Comte de, 129. 
 
 Cremona, letter dated from, 27. 
 
 Creseentio, Cardinal, appointed President of 
 the Council of Trent, 93. 
 
 Cressy, 339, 340, 341. 
 
 Crevacuore, 132, 135. 
 
 Crew, Thomas, a servant of Cardinal Pole, 
 110. 
 
 Croft, James, one of the Council at Boulogne, 
 294, 309, 310, 344. See also Sir James 
 Crofts. 
 
 Crofts, Sir James, appointed Lord Deputy of 
 Ireland, 126. 
 
 Cromwell, Thomas, Lord, 39. 
 
 Crotoy, 319. 
 
 Crby de, see Duke of Arschotj Comte de 
 Rocux. 
 
 Cruser, Herman. M.D., 81, 117. 
 
 Curione, Celio Secundo, dedicates his commen- 
 taries on Cicero's Philippics to King 
 Edward VL, 235. 
 
 , Horatio, his son, dedicates to King 
 
 Edward his work De Amplitudine 
 Miserkordia Dei, 235. 
 
 Custrin, John, of Brandenburg, Margrave of, 
 
 89. 
 Cutts, Sir Joseph, 123. 
 Czimerman. Matthew, Consul for Dantzic at 
 
 London, 220. 
 
 D. 
 
 Dacre, William, Lord Warden of the West 
 Marches, 52, 120. 
 
 Dale, Valentine, 290. 
 
 Dalmatia, 127. 
 
 Dampone, M., 293. 
 
 Damvilliers, 232, 253. 
 
 Dandino, Cardinal, Envoy from the Pope to 
 
 the Emperor, 87, 90, 91, 92, 263, 267, 
 
 272, 282, 283, 286, 288. 
 
 , ,a favourer of the Farnese party, 
 
 88. 
 , is made much of bythe Emperor, 
 
 90. 
 , , is again sent by the Pope to the 
 
 Emperor to labour for peace, 263. 
 
 Danish ship plundered bythe English, 39. 
 Dannet, Mr., 77. 
 Dansell, William, letters from — 
 1546-7 : 7, 8. 
 
 1548 : 26. 
 
 1549 : 31, 32, 34, 35. 37. 38, 39. 42, 
 45. 
 
 , letters to, 32) 34, 35, 36, 37. 
 
 , , complains of treatment received, 
 
 39, 40. 
 Dantzic, 39, 205, 220. 
 , violation of treaty of reciprocity with 
 
 England in, 50. 
 Danube, the, 170. 
 
 Darcy,Thomas, Lord (Lord Chamberlain), 229, 
 Darel, Mr., 231, 232. 
 Dartmouth, proposed invasion of England by 
 
 the French at, 221. 
 Davern, see Devres. 
 Dauphin, the [afterwards Francis II. of 
 
 France], rumours of his marriage with 
 
 the Queen of Soots, 65, 103. 
 
 , ...,.., affianced to her, 133. 
 
 ,129, 274, 350 ; see also Henry, 
 
 Dauphin, and afterwards King of 
 
 France. 
 
 A A 
 
370 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Dauphinf, 319. 
 
 Debateablo land, the, 56, 83. 
 
 , Scots invade, M, 5.3. 
 
 Decie, ('ii|Hio de, Supreme Magistrate of 
 
 Vi'iiic'O, 192. 
 Deidonaraus, .Tmnes, 2 1 7. 
 Demack [Dymock], an English Captain, 39. 
 Denmark, 32, (>;!, 61, 80, 100, 156, 102. 
 
 , letters dated from, 36. 
 
 , Duke Frederick of, brother of King 
 
 Christian, 189, 202. 
 , tries to obtain the bishoprics of 
 
 Bremen and Hildesheim, 155. 
 
 , , pronounced an usurper by the 
 
 Pope, 189. 
 , , elected by the Chapters, 203. 
 
 Denmark, Christian, III., King of, 2, 17, 27, 
 
 31, 32, 36, 39, 42, 62, 64, 155, 180, 
 181, 269. 
 
 , receives the Interim, 32. 
 
 , , letters from, 40, 43,44. 
 
 , , sends aid to Scotland, 21, 23. 
 
 , , intercedes with the Emperor 
 
 for Magdeburg and Bremen, 74. 
 , his intrigues for the Bishoprics 
 
 of Bremen and Hildesheim in favour of 
 
 his brother, 155, 181, 203. 
 , , letters to, 39, 42, 62, 64, 198, 
 
 217. 
 , , complaints of treatment of his 
 
 subjects by the English, 43, 44, 45, 62, 
 
 217. 
 , petitions for the release of the 
 
 Landgrave of Hesse, 189, 198. 
 Denys, Sir Maurice, 355. 
 
 , , letter of, 356. 
 
 Derby, Edward, Earl of, 120. 
 
 , commanded to surrender the Isle 
 
 of Man to the King, 119. 
 
 Desmond, James Fitz-John, 15th Earl of, 58. 
 , , very powerful in Ireland, 58. 
 
 DetMck, Sir Gilbert, Garter King at Arms, 
 
 123, 133. 
 Deuxponts, or Zweibruck, Wolfgang, Duke of, 
 
 274. 
 Dfivres, 299, 342, 344, 345, 346, 349. 
 Diego, Don (di Mendoza), Imperial Envoy to 
 
 Italy and Ambassador to Bome, 70, 
 
 71, 94, 119, 130, 141, 149, 176, 178, 
 
 181, 182, 183, 229, 239, 243, 245, 256, 
 
 256, 2.17, 267. 
 Dieppe, 10, 57, 59, 61, 139, 167, 297, 299, 301, 
 
 314, 317. 
 
 , I'nncli ships of war at, 343. 
 
 , ScoltJKli ships at, 322. 
 
 , 1(11(18 dated from, 68, 69. 
 
 l)il|(liiuH, 88, U17. 
 
 Discours Av !a Guerre (by dc Laugnay), 20.'). 
 
 Donato, I'nincis, Dogo of Venice, to King 
 
 Edward VI., 6. 
 Dorla, Antonio, 15!l, 154, MS. 
 , Ills fleet destroyed by a tempest' 
 
 ihut. 
 
 Doria, Andrew, Prince, 22, 25, 50, "0, 83, 87, 
 98, 99, 103, 105, 110, 115, 125, 147, 
 155, 170, 171, 172, 176, 183, 228. 
 
 , places his galleys at the disposal 
 
 of the Emperor, 22. 
 
 , , sails against the Prince of Saxe, 
 
 25. 
 
 , , takes Monasterio, in Barbary, 
 
 50, 
 
 his efforts against Dragut Key, 
 
 98, 99, 103. 
 
 escape of Dragut Rey from his 
 
 toils, 105, 110. 
 , discovery of a conspiracy at 
 
 Genoa for his destruction (the Pieschi 
 
 plot), 125, 127. 
 
 , report of his death, 258. 
 
 Dorset, Marquis of, 119. 
 Dover, 25, 39, 80,81. 
 
 letters dated from, 210, 292. 
 
 Douglas, Sir James, of Drumlanrig, 69. 
 
 , George, 58. 
 
 , John, 69. 
 
 , Lady Margaret, 190. 
 
 Dragut Rey, a noted corsair, 46, 50, 53, 85, 
 
 87, 89, 90, 91, 92, 96, 98, 99, 103, 105 
 
 115, 12.5, 154, 160, 177, 224, 232, 238, 
 
 282. 
 
 makes descent on Africa, 55. 
 
 > , escapes from Andrew Doiia, 
 
 110, 119. 
 
 , ordered to Constantinople, 191. 
 
 , , made General of the Turkish 
 
 army, 224. 
 
 , appointed Captain of the Turkish 
 
 fleet, 282. 
 
 Drivius, Michael, Official of Liege, 192. 
 Dryander, Francis, 249. 
 
 Dudgeon (George), Prebendary of Wells, 126, 
 127, 148, 172. 
 
 Dudley, Edward, one of the Council at Bou- 
 logne, 294, 313, 
 
 > ) appointed to attend upon the 
 
 Queen Dowager of Scotland, 191. 
 
 , , letter from, 306. 
 
 Dudley, Henry, 4, 92, 95. 
 
 , Captain of the Guards at Bou- 
 logne, 308, 309, 345, 356. 
 
 1 his great worthiness in warlike 
 
 exercises, 4, 309. 
 
 liis "honest" behaviour in 
 
 France, 96, 
 
 DudK-y, Sir Andrew, ]{.t;., one of the Gentle- 
 men of the Privj Chamber, 2<i. 
 
 ' l>is extortion from some Ham- 
 burg merchants, 'Ja. 
 
 sent to Emperor Charles V. 
 
 •2M, 237, 239, 240, 242, 243, 244, 245. 
 letters from, 234, 239, 243. 
 
 his interview with Charles V., 
 
 214. ' 
 
 > , letters to, 242. 
 
 revoked from the command of 
 
 Guisnes, 358. 
 
GENEEAL INDEX. 
 
 371 
 
 Duff, Patiick, a soldier of Boulogne, 340. 
 
 Duffalino, Julio, 130. 
 
 Duke [Douche], Jasper, 9. 
 
 Dunbar, defeat of English by the Scots near, 
 15, 16. 
 
 Dunelhorst, castle of, taken, 11. 
 
 Dunette, the, 349. 
 
 Dunkirk, 331. 
 
 Durham, Bishop of, 329. 
 
 DjTnock, John, 2, 27, 45. 
 
 , , Envoy from England to the 
 
 Duke of Lunenburg, &c., 27. 
 
 , , instructions to, 27. 
 
 , letters from — 
 
 1548-9: 29, 30. 
 1549: 30, 31,32, 33. 
 1550-1: 74. 
 
 , Edward, one of the Council at Bou- 
 logne, 294. 
 
 Dyvole, Provincial of the Jacobin Friars at 
 jVngers, denounces King Edward as a 
 heretic, 238. 
 
 , warrant for his apprehension, 246. 
 
 .makes his escape from Angers, 246. 
 
 admitted again to preach, 258. 
 
 E. 
 
 Easterling, an, 45. 
 
 Edinburgh, 79. 
 
 Edrington, called by the English " Cawe Mill," 
 
 52, 56, 83. 
 Edward VI., King, letters from, 2, 62, 64, 77, 
 
 99, 107, 109, 115, 117, 139, 180, 186, 
 
 197, 198, 217, 241, 260, 261, 270. 
 , commissions and instructions from, 
 
 5, 62, 87, 103, 109, 139, 140, 186, 194, 
 
 234, 260, 278, 302, 329. 
 , , letters to, 4, 6, 26, 27,28, 40, 42, 
 
 43, 44, 61, 65, 67, 78, 80, 81, 96, 119, 
 
 150, 164, 168, 187, 200, 205, 207, 210, 
 
 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 217, 218, 219, 
 
 220, 231, 232, 241, 246, 260, 281. 
 , , bonds and obligations by, 34, 
 
 46,47. 
 , elected Knight of St. Michael, 
 
 119,121,129. 
 
 , , falcons sent to, 187. 
 
 , accession of, 2. 
 
 , , proclamation of, 2. 
 
 , , debt due from, to E. Schetz 
 
 and A. Fugger, 8. 
 
 , , coronation of, 12, 308. 
 
 , , his claim to supremacy of 
 
 Scotland, 27. 
 , , his proposed marriage with the 
 
 young Queen of Scots, 45, 109, 133. 
 
 , , begs for fatherly advice from the 
 
 Emperor, 46 . 
 , , declares war with France, 46. 
 
 Edward VI., King, asks aid of the Emperor, 47. 
 
 , , desires to marry, 109, 120, 122. 
 
 , reported alliance of, with France 
 
 and Denmark, 122. 
 
 , , his excellence in learning, 120, 
 
 147. 
 , concludes peace with the Scots, 
 
 126, 129. 
 solicits the hand of the Princess 
 
 Elizabeth of France, 109, 120, 133, 139, 
 
 140, 146. 
 , , wishes to import powder from 
 
 Flanders, 85, 137, 139, 167. 
 , , treaty of marriage between, and 
 
 Elizabeth of France, 150, 159, 191, 
 
 194, 200, 291. 
 , receives the Queen Dowager of 
 
 Scotland, 190. 
 , , offers to join with Charles V. 
 
 against the Turk, 221. 
 , offers his mediation between 
 
 France and the Emperor, 241, 242, 260. 
 , , the state of his health, 262, 
 
 263. 
 
 , , is dangerously ill, 279, 280,281. 
 
 Eertwycke, William Van, citizen of Antwerp, 
 27. 
 
 Egmont, Lamoral, Count of, 239, 262. 
 
 Egra (in Bohemia), 12. 
 
 Elbe, the, 31. 
 
 Eldeker, Sir Ralph, 31 7. 
 
 Eldersham, Richard, a man-at-arms at Bou- 
 logne, 308. 
 
 , successful in a tournament, 310. 
 
 Elderton, Mr., 331. 
 
 Eleanor, Queen Dovrager of France (sister of 
 Emperor Charles v.), 16, 181. 
 
 Elector-Palatine, Frederick, see the Palsgrave. 
 
 Electors, the Bishop, 86, 286. 
 
 Elizabeth, the Lady (afterwards Queen Eliza- 
 beth), 85, 218. 
 
 , , proposed marriage of, with Duke 
 
 of Ferrara's son, 164, 255. 
 , , sought in marriage by the Duke 
 
 of Saxony's (John Frederick) second 
 
 son, 245. 
 Elizabeth, Princess, daughter of Henry II., 
 
 asked in marriage by Edward VI., 109, 
 
 120, 122, 133, 139, 140, 145. 
 
 , , treaty of marriage between, 
 
 and Edward VL, 150, 159, 194, 200, 
 
 274, 291. 
 , , receives a diamond ring from 
 
 Edward VI., 204. 
 Elliott, John, factor to Sir Thomas Gresham, 
 
 265. 
 
 Elmes, Nicholas, Clerk of the watch at Black- 
 ness, 330. 
 
 Elrington, Mr., 199. 
 
 Ely, Bishop of (Thomas Goodrich), 102, 107, 
 109,123, 208,211. 
 
 Embden, Lady of, 31. 
 Emperor, the, of Germany, see Charles \'. 
 A A 2 
 
372 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Empire, States of the, 19, 21, 23. 
 
 Enghien, Le Comte d', brother of the Duko 
 
 de Vuad6me, .'irjO. 
 Eaglanl. practices to reduce, to obedience of 
 
 the Popo, 7. 
 
 , Cni'dirml Ambassador to, 9. 
 
 , successful against Scots, 40. 
 
 treats with the Emperor, 40,41,42, 
 
 43, 44. 
 , much vilified at the Court of France, 
 
 72. 
 , negotiations for peace with Scotland, 
 
 68, 69, 73. 
 
 , " the harbour for all infidelity," 122. 
 
 French murderer escaped to, given up 
 
 to the proper authorities on request, 
 
 191, 194. 
 English subjects, complaints of, against citizens 
 
 of Dantzic, 44. 
 
 , prisoners in the galleys liberated ,50. 
 
 , called heretics and Lutherans by Paris 
 
 preachers, 79. 
 
 in Italy, 126, 127. 
 
 Engrand, between Orleans and Nantes, 122. 
 Ernest, Duke, brother of Duke Frederick of 
 
 Saxony, the death of, 254. 
 Erskine (Thomas), master of, 49, 56, 58, 65, 
 
 78, 80, 84. 
 
 John Lord, 118, 176, 199. 
 
 Esse, Andre de Montalembert, Baron d', his 
 
 return from Scotland, 28. 
 Estampes, Anne, Duchesse d', mistress of 
 
 Francis I., compelled to leave the court 
 
 afler the death of her royal lover, 327, 
 
 331, 335. 
 Estaples, 300,317. 
 
 ,The Governor of, 336. 
 
 Este, Francisco d", brother of Hercules, Duke 
 
 of Fenara, 255, 282. 
 Escouen, seat of the Constable Montmorency, 
 
 15. 
 Estounnel, Jean Seigneur d', Captain of Gra- 
 
 velines, letter of, to the Lord Protector, 
 
 354. 
 Estouteville, Adrienne, Duchesse d', G3. 
 Estrces, Jean, Seigneur d'. Master of the Ord- 
 nance in France, 61, 62, 79, 80, 328, 
 
 337. 
 Etiennc, Comte d', 154. 
 Euclid, 205, 206. 
 
 Eugene, the servant of Sir 'William Picker- 
 ing, 258. 
 Exchange, the rate of, between England and 
 
 Flanders, 264, 266, 273, 327. 
 EKpense of living in France, 43. 
 Kictradilion of criminals between Normandy 
 
 and JciKi'y, !I8, 
 Iiclwcen I'.iigland and France, 191, 
 
 1!M, 2-Vi, 245, 
 lii'tweeii Flanders and England, 279, 
 
 2HI. 
 
 Kymoutli fort demolished, 48, 60. 
 
 F. 
 
 Faenza, 181. 
 
 Faenza, Signer Giustinian di, 272. 
 
 F'alkenburg, 8. 
 
 Falmouth, French intention to land at, 221. 
 
 Falling sickness, the, cured by the Kings of 
 
 France, 222. 
 
 , , by the Kings of England, 238. 
 
 Farnese, Alexander, Cardinal, 29, 93, 127, 131, 
 
 134, 266. 
 , made Archbishop of Tours, 
 
 261. 
 , , his brother, 131, 134. 
 
 , Signor Horatio [Duke of Castro], 59, 
 
 102, HI, 112, 117, 118, 135, 141, 152, 
 153, 154, 158, 168, 170, 182. 
 
 , defeated by Alessandro Vitelli, 
 
 153. 
 
 , , his marriage with Madame la 
 
 bastarde of France, 246. 
 
 , reported slain at Torchaera, 198. 
 
 Farnese, Octavio, Duke'of Camerino, SO, 87,90, 
 94, 98, 102, 106, 112, 115, 116, 120, 
 127, 128, 130, 131, 134, 135, 143, 145, 
 151, 1.52, 156, 157, 158, 168, 170, 179, 
 252, 253, 257. 
 
 , , his dispute with Fernando Gon- 
 
 zaga concerning the frontiers of Parma 
 and Piacenza, 80. 
 
 , the Pope indignant at his hold- 
 ing Parma, 94. 
 
 , threatened with excommunica- 
 tion, 90, 91, 93, 99, 100, 106. 
 
 , , his demands of the Pope, 112, 
 
 113. 
 
 , assisted by the French, 115. 
 
 , holds Parma against the Pope, 
 
 127. 
 
 , , offered the Duchy of Came- 
 rino, 128. 
 
 , he and his wifi; suspected to be 
 
 poisoned, 145. 
 
 , his distrust of tlie French 
 
 King, 156. 
 
 Farnese, Pietro Ludovico, Duke of Piacenza 
 (son of Pope Paul 111.), his murderers, 
 126, 184, 291. 
 
 Fecamp, 343. 
 
 Fellows, Henry, Guisues pursuivant extraor- 
 dinary, 293. 
 
 Fcrrantc, Don,,*!'!' Gonznga. 
 
 Ferrai-a, lloreules, DuKe of, 16, 17, 28, Sr, 
 93, 94, no. U'.->, 130, 131, 135, 141, 
 
 162, 163, 170, IS.i, 201, 233, 271. 
 , , inclined to the French side in 
 
 Italy, 94, 110. 
 
 , fortifies his territories, 125. 
 
 , is very solicitous for peace, 135, 
 
 163, 170, 17j". 
 
 , , adopts a strict neutrality, 201. 
 
GENEEAL INDEX. 
 
 373 
 
 Forrara, Hercules, Duke of, his negotiations 
 
 with Ifrauce and the Emperor, 135, 233. 
 
 , , his daughter, 16. 
 
 , his son, proposed marriage of 
 
 ■with Lady Mary of England, 17. 
 , proposed as a liusband for the 
 
 Princess Elizabeth of England, IC4, 
 
 255. 
 , , proposals made to him by 
 
 Henry II., 260, 261, 280. 
 Ferrara, Hippolyto D'Este, Cardinal of, , 
 
 127, 128, 131, 134, 175, 224, 247, 278, 
 
 290. 
 , , Ambassador for Henry II. at 
 
 Bome, 128. 
 , endeavours to reconcile the Pope 
 
 and the french King, 175. 
 , , enters on the government of 
 
 Sienna, 228, 234, 259. 
 Fen'ara, 128, 131, 134, 141, 178, 201, 224, 
 
 264, 271. 
 Feversham, 279. 
 
 the haven of, 197. 
 
 Fiennes, 306, 311, 318, 319, 324. 
 
 Figueredo, Gaspar de, Portuguese Ambassador 
 
 to England, 28. 
 Finale, a castle of the Duke of Ferrara, 141. 
 Flore, Cardinal, 116. 
 Fitzgarret, [Fitz Gerald] Gerald, an Irish 
 
 emissary to France, 28, 39. 
 Fitz-Patrick, Bamaby, 206,208, 214, 222, 231, 
 
 232, 233, 234, 235. 
 
 , letters from, 210. 
 
 Fitzwalter, Thomas BatclifFe, Lord, 123. 
 
 Fitzwilliams, Mr., 123. 
 
 Flaccins, Illyricus, a distinguished citizen of 
 
 Magdeburg, 199. 
 Flammock, Sir Andrew, 342. 
 Flanders, States of, 8. 
 
 Flanders, 65, 67, 76, 100, 104, 105, 107, 117, 
 
 122, 125, 126, 139, 152, 166, 167, 172, 
 
 173, 176, 181, 207, 217, 236, 240, 270, 
 
 278,288,292,293,312. 
 
 , furnishes horsemen to the Emperor, 9. 
 
 , the succession to, opened to females, 
 
 47. 
 , silver ore exported to, from England, 
 
 67. 
 
 , severity towards Protestants in, 104. 
 
 , the Anabaptists in, 122. 
 
 , English ships arrested in, 139, 152. 
 
 proposed league of, with England, 
 
 270, 171. 
 restraints on the exportation of coin 
 
 from, 288. 
 English desire to get powder from, BH, 
 
 137, 161. 
 
 , great distress in, 120. 
 
 the English Church service prohibited 
 
 in, 138, 166, 167. 
 restraints placed upon commerce in, 
 
 185, 188, 193, 194, 206, 208, 225. 
 
 Flanders, contrary to the law that criminals of 
 
 another country should be delivered up, 
 
 281. 
 
 , abatement of English money in, 327. 
 
 Flechamore, Thomas, of Antwerp, 260. 
 Fleming, Lady, her illegitimate son by King 
 
 Henry II., 90, 97. 
 Fleming, Sir Francis, Lieutenant of the 
 
 Ordnance, 26. 
 Fleming, in the Pope's service, treason of, 265. 
 Flensburger Wick (in Denmark), 39. 
 Flesco [Fieschi], Scipione, a conspirator 
 
 against Andrew Doria, 125. 
 
 Fletcher, , Paget's servant, 43, 45. 
 
 Flite, John, English merchant, his suit in the 
 
 Court of Parliament at Rouen, 9. 
 Florence, 117, 181, 182, 263. 
 
 , letters dated from, 6, 70, 119. 
 
 .intelligence dated from, 181, 272. 
 
 , Duke of, see Cosmo de Medici. 
 
 , King's messenger, 209,210. 
 
 Florentines, 25. 
 Flushing, 279. 
 
 the bailiff and magistrates of, 279. 
 
 Fogge, Sir John, one of the Council at Calais, 
 
 296. 
 , letter from, to SirWilliam Cecil, 
 
 358. 
 
 Folembray, 298. 
 
 , letter dated from, 218. 
 
 Fontainebleau, 145, 195. 
 
 ,lettersdatedfrom, 164, 200, 210. 
 
 Fontanello, a notable captain, slain, 146. 
 Fontenella, castle of, 143. 
 Forehem, a town of the Bishop of Bamberg, 
 286. 
 
 Forge, de, a " banished man," 230. 
 
 Formes, M. de, 136. 
 
 Fort, d'outre Eau, 341. 
 
 , letter dated from, 341. 
 
 France, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 19, 40, 162, 174. 
 
 , Cardinal Ambassador to, 9. 
 
 , ship from, 11. 
 
 , oppressive exactions of people of, 18. 
 
 , declaration of war against, by England, 
 
 46. 
 
 , freedom of speech restrained in, 63. 
 
 , warlike preparations in, 69, 72. 
 
 , sends troops to Piedmont and Bur- 
 gundy, 72. 
 
 intends war with England, 75. 
 
 , the Pope's power in, 163. 
 
 , the Ambassador of, arrested in Brussels 
 
 173, 174. 
 
 , warlike preparations in, against Charles 
 
 v., 246, 264. 
 
 Franconia 215. 
 
 Francis, Mr., an Englishman, swindled by tw« 
 knaves, 224. 
 
 , servant to Sir Thomas Speke, 20. 
 
 , servant to the Vidame de Chartres, 
 
 117, 118. 
 
374 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 I'Vancis I., Kiiifi- of France, 1, 9. 
 
 , , letter and commission from, 4,9. 
 
 reported to be " sore sick," 8. 
 
 his anxiety to possess Houlognc, 
 
 •J9S. 
 
 treaty of, with Edward "VI., 10. 
 
 death of (ind of April, 1547), 
 
 10. 
 
 oxequies of, at Gand, 12. 
 
 Francisco (Francisco Tomazo), courier, 43, 
 46,49, 71,70,77, 102,130, 174,176, 
 199, 200, 2M, 239, 243, 270, 281. 
 
 Francville, Captain of the French fort, 314. 
 
 Frankfort, 11, 13, 15, 36, 58, 84, 170,265, 
 276. 
 
 diet ;it, 27G, 284, 286, 288. 
 
 French, officiis executed by the Emperor, 29. 
 
 Frceoso, Aurelio, a Genoese in the French 
 service, taken prisoner by the Papists, 
 120. 127, 184. 
 
 Fresne, Jl. dc', 169. 
 
 Fresse, de, 45. 
 
 Frieolaud, 122, 193. 
 
 Fringer, Lucas, 123, 185, 186, 195, 196, 197. 
 
 Frise, Henry, shipmaster of H.imburg, 220. 
 
 Frisia, 252. 
 
 Frisons, the, " very evil and troublous for foot- 
 men," 247. 
 
 Fugger, Anthony, of Augsburg, 8, 18, 46, 47, 
 283, 285. 
 
 his nephew, 18, 46, 47, 283, 285. 
 
 , their great usury wherewith they 
 
 have undone the Princes of Germany, 
 285. 
 
 G. 
 
 Gabriell, Dr., a learned man of I-ouvain, 13. 
 
 Gage, Sir John, 307. 
 
 Ganache, 351. 
 
 Garcia, Bon, son to the Viceroy of Naples, 
 
 SCI' (inrcia dc Toledo. 
 Oai'lu, Antoine F/scalin des Aimars, Baron de 
 
 la, (Pouliii), Ambassador Kxliaonlin:iry 
 
 from France to Kngliind, I, 10, 20, 72, 
 
 lyii, 201, 210, 324. 
 
 , , Ircncli Ambassador to TurKoj 
 
 147,271,283. 
 his vlct()r^ civcr the Flomincs, 
 
 17.^ ■ ^ 
 
 Gargotz, 27<i. 
 
 irilci' dated IV , 276. 
 
 (i.irti'i- King-ut iirnis, vw Sir GilliiTt Dothick. 
 ():irtcr, the Order of, more ancicnl than timt of 
 
 Si. iMiihucI or ToiNoii d'( li', 27-1. 
 
 Gascons, 156, 17u, 195. 
 
 in Italy, 152, 153, 195, 252, 264. 
 
 Gascony, 72, 80. 
 
 exportation of wheat fpm, 202. 
 
 , the wines of, 18. 
 
 Gastaldo, John Baptista, ^Manjuis of Piadena, 
 Master of the Emperor's camp, 86, 
 99, i:)0, 152, 154, IS.'j, 160, 170, 198, 
 276. 
 
 , , commands the King of the 
 
 llomans' troops in Hungary, 99, 136. 
 
 , .his ill success against the Turks, 
 
 154, 155. 
 
 Gayton, Leonard, long a prisoner in France, 
 325. 
 
 bis saying, 325. 
 
 Gazzino, 267. 
 
 Gempe, in the low country near Calais, 316. 
 
 Genealogy, French books on, 238. 
 
 Genoa, 16, 25, 50, 70, 83, 93, 99, 110, 113, 
 119, 125, 140, 147, 154, ISJ, 156, 158, 
 170, 176, 178, 183, 193, 247, 2C1, 276, 
 293. 
 
 Gerard, M , one of the Council at Brussels, 
 266. 
 
 Gerardo, Secretary, 126. 
 
 German confederates leagued with the French, 
 
 84. 
 
 , Bishops forced to go to the Council of 
 
 Trent, 168, 179. 
 
 , Princes, proposed confederacy of, 269, 
 
 270, 271, 283, 284. 
 
 , Princes summoned to Frankfort by 
 
 the Emperor, 276, 284. 
 
 Germans, English desire to recruit, 22. 
 
 complaints by, of want of pay, 54. 
 
 , tendency of, to serve under foreign 
 
 princes, 157. 
 
 bound by the Emperor to defend the 
 
 Low Countries, 269. 
 
 their fear of the Turk's invasion, 2"0. 
 
 afford assistance to the Scots. 22. 
 
 Germany, 5, 25, 36, 86, 108,157. 167. 173, 
 176, 189, 249, 254, 270, 2S1. 
 
 miners from, invited into England, 
 
 57. 
 
 in a very miquiet state, 8G, 205. 
 
 relative strength of the Papists and 
 
 rvoteslant.s in. 20'.), 
 (lermaiiv, I'pper, confession of tlic Protestants 
 
 o'C 168, 169. 
 (icrnes (Africa), 103. 
 IJlioiil, 12, -i;!. 44, 208, 951. 
 
 loiters dated ft'oni, 12. 44. 
 
 Giiinbianeo, 5. 
 
 Gianiilli, M. Guido, 2;i5. 
 
 Giorj;i(i, l'"ra [Martlnuzzi], of Transylvania, 
 
 Areliliisliop of Gran, and Cardinal, 
 
 ti<J, l.iO, 154, 191. 
 
 , offers to give up Hungary to 
 
 King Ferdinand, 136. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 375 
 
 Glasgow, Archbishop of (James Beaton), 50, 
 51, 5-t, 55, 79. 
 
 , detained as prisoner in England, 
 
 50. 
 
 , , released from imprisonment, 54. 
 
 Glasson, de, 265. 
 
 Glencairn, Earl of (Alexander V.), 58. 
 
 Glyn, Dean of the Arches, Commissioner for 
 depredations, 63. 
 
 Godolphin, Sir WiUiam, Comptroller of King 
 Edward VI's woods in France, 307, 
 347. 
 
 Gomer, a gentleman of St. Omer, 307. 
 Grondelfinger, see Kuadelfiuger. 
 Gonzaga, Luis, 17. 
 
 Gonzaga, Don Fernando, Governor of the 
 Milanese for the Emperor, 16, 17, 18, 
 29, 87, 100, 106, U6, 119, 120, 125, 126, 
 130, 131, 132, 134, 135, 141, 142, 143, 
 147, 150, 152, 153, 154, 159, 161, 171, 
 172, 176, 177, 179, 182, 184, 191, 198, 
 234, 241, 243, 247, 267, 278, 279, 282, 
 290. 
 
 , captures Cibo, Marquis of Massa, 
 
 16. 
 
 , , takes the castle of Brusa, 87. 
 
 , , seizes the town of Bossolo, 107. 
 
 , lays waste the Campagna, 120. 
 
 , prevents a reconciliation be- 
 tween Octavio Farnese and the Pope, 
 130, 135. 
 
 , , lays waste the territory of 
 
 Parma, 134. 
 
 , takes the castles of Colorno, 
 
 and Finale, 141, 143. 
 
 , , takes many Frenchmen 
 
 prisoners, 154. 
 , somewhat evil disposed of his 
 
 health, 177, 179. 
 , , hangs one of his captains, 198. 
 
 , , raises the siege of San Damiano, 
 
 241, 243. 
 , , requests leave of the Emperor 
 
 to give up his charge, 267. 
 
 Goodall, a miner, 246. 
 
 Goyto, Captain, 171. 
 
 Gozo, the island of, 158, 162, 163. 
 
 , , taken by the Turks, 160, 162. 
 
 Grain, free exportation of from England to 
 
 Calais, Boulogne, or Newhaven, 296, 
 
 297. 
 Granado, Sir Jacques, Esquire of the stable, 
 
 sent with geldings to Henry II., 185, 
 
 186, 194, 200. 
 , , receives presents from King 
 
 Henry II., 202. 
 
 Granarye, La, Envoy from France to Scot- 
 land, 16. 
 
 Grand, John le, of St. Valery, 341. 
 
 Grange, Sir WiUiam Kirkaldy, Lord [Laird 
 of], 77. 
 
 Granvelle, Nicolas Perrenot de, Chancellor 
 
 and chief adviser of Charles V., 17, 
 
 18, 22, 23, 25, 39, 43, 44. 
 Granville, 343. 
 
 Gras, William le, merchant of Paris, 210. 
 Gratz, letter dated from, 198. 
 Gravelines, 41, 297, 317, 319. 
 the Captain of, see de Vendeville ; 
 
 d'Estourmel. 
 
 , letter dated from, 354. 
 
 Gravesend, 210. 
 
 Gravina, Sig. Giovan. Antonio, one of the 
 
 Pope's Captains, 130. 
 Greek, Philip James, merchant of Ulm, 220. 
 Greek fire, sort of, 16. 
 
 Greenwich, letters dated from, 32, 34, 35, 36, 
 67,69,87, 90, 98, 99, 102, 109, 111, 
 115, 139, 140, 208, 268, 270, 272, 278, 
 279, 281, 286, 288, 335. 
 
 Gresham, Thomas, 227, 230. 
 
 , , letters from, 255, 263, 264, 
 
 265, 266, 273. 
 
 , 35, 36,211, 230. 
 
 Grey, Lord Thomas, a Captain at Boulogne, 
 364. 
 
 Grey, William Lord, of Wilton, Governor of 
 Boulogne, letters from, 292, 294, 299, 
 301, 302, 305, 312, 314, 315, 317, 320, 
 322, 323, 325, 329, 330, 333, 335, 337, 
 338. 
 
 , ,297,300, 324. 
 
 , .letters to, 328, 352. 
 
 Griesby, WiUiam, a man-at-arms of Boulogne, 
 308. 
 
 Grisons,the, 29, 141, 142, 153, 1S9. 
 
 , soldiers from, 141, 142, 319. 
 
 Gronyng, Mons. de, an Imperialist general, 5. 
 
 , besieges Bremen, 6, 9. 
 
 , kUled, 11. 
 
 Grosseto, 247, 272. 
 
 Grotti, Fabritio di, Canceliere di Chioza, 
 
 letters from, 224, 226. 
 Guardo, Signer, Envoy of Ferdinand, King 
 
 of the Romans, to the Turk, 7. 
 Guastatori, the. 111, 115. 
 Gueldres, 193. 
 Guernsey, 118. 
 
 , French prisoners in, 53, 54. 
 
 Guevara, Charles de, a Spanish Captain in the 
 
 service of England, 32, 34, 37, 38. 
 , , arrested at Bruges by command 
 
 of the Emperor, 38. 
 
 Guidotti, Sir Anthony, a Florentine merchant 
 settled in England, 50, 58, 117, 123, 
 175, 230. 
 
 , , letter from, 164. 
 
 Guienne, 65, 103, 
 
 , exportation of wheat from, 202. 
 
 Guildford, 190. 
 
 , letters dated from, 52. 
 
 Guildhall, bond of the City of London, dated 
 at, 260. 
 
376 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Guise, Charles de Lorraine, Cardinal of, 24 ; 
 
 see also Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine. 
 Claude de Lorraine, iirst Duke de, 22, 
 
 23. 
 , Francis de Lorraine, second Duke de, 
 
 63, 72, 78, 103, 164, 182, 194, 221, 
 
 245, 254, 273, 274. 
 
 , Governor of Normandy, 331. 
 
 hostile to England, 7S. 
 
 , his great influence in France, 76. 
 
 commands the French at Hetz, 
 
 229, 240. 
 , , his triumphant return to Paris, 
 
 245. 
 
 , the house of, its power, 76. 
 
 Guisnes, 61, 292, 293, 297, 304, 307, 318, 356. 
 , letters dated from, 293, 298, 300, 
 
 312, 317, 318, 319,324, 828, 358. 
 Gustavus L, King of Sweden, 32. 
 
 , .letter from, 23. 
 
 Guymonneau, Nicholas, merchant of Orleans, 
 
 67, 68,69,79, 80,81. 
 , his ship seized by Thomas 
 
 lA>rd Seymour, 53, 
 Gye,M. de, 129. 
 
 H. 
 
 Hacfort, Ileinrich, see Hackford. 
 Hackford, Captain Heinrich, 32, 33, 38 354. 
 Hainault, 45. 
 Hales, John, 66, 68, 89, 95, 97, 248, 249. 
 
 , Stephen, 160, 173, 213, 215. 
 
 Hall, Francis, one of the Council, and Comp- 
 troller at Calais, 50, 62, 296, 326. 
 
 , , his death, 356. 
 
 , Mrs. Ursula, widow of Francis Hall, 
 
 Comptroller of Calais, 356, 357. 
 
 letters from, 357, 358. 
 
 Halle, letters dated from, 207, 209, 211, 212. 
 
 Halvenaker, 357. 
 
 Hamburg, magistrates of, 2, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33. 
 
 , , letter from, 29. 
 
 14, 16, 33, 34, 39, 90, 113, 174. 
 
 letters dated from, 2,5, 29, 30, 31, 
 
 32, 33, 164, 189, 190, 213. 
 
 Hampncs, CI, 297. 
 
 Hampton, Mr., 219. 
 
 Hampton Court, 190. 
 
 , letters dated from, 161, 175. 
 
 Hamszon, Joys, 13. 
 
 Hanbury, in Worcestershire, parsonage, 286. 
 
 Httnso Towns, 30, 100. 
 
 , letters of deputies of, 42, 44. 
 
 Hnnsc, Teutonic, the privileges df, 205. 
 
 merchants in London violate the con- 
 ditions of their privileges, 2f.o. 
 
 Hansy, Dr., 104. 
 
 letters dated from, 28, .•)2, 205, 217. 
 
 Harburg, castle o^ the residence of Otho, Duke 
 
 of Lunenburg, 30. 
 Hardelot, the Captain of, 349. 
 
 , castle of, near Calais, 336, 349. 
 
 Ilardynham, 311. 
 
 Harfleur, 842. 
 
 Ilarman, Gaeret, goldsmith, 66, 67. 
 
 Harpax, 15, 16, 20, 21, 22. 
 
 HarquebtUB, a newly invented, 233. 
 
 Harrington, Sir John, one of the Council at 
 
 Boulogne, 6, 299, 302, 304, 320, 321, 
 
 322, 325. 
 
 , letters from, 302, 303, 305, 306, 
 
 308, 312, 315,316,319. 
 Harvel, Edmund, letters from — 
 
 1546-7: 5, 7. 
 
 1547: 12. 
 
 1547-8: 14, 17. 
 Harvey, William, Norroy king of arms, 222, 
 
 223. 
 Havre de Grace, 59, 61, 299, 349. 
 
 , Scottish ships of war at, 344. 
 
 Hazart, " a great thief," 345. 
 Hazius, Dr., 13. 
 Hedius, 249. 
 
 Heidelberg, the castle of, the residence of the 
 Elector Palatine, 257, 265, 268, 269. 
 
 , German princes at, 283. 
 
 285. 
 
 Heinrich, Otto, 248. 
 
 Heinrichen, Peter, 26. 
 
 Hely, M. de, dismissed from the Government 
 
 ofHesdin, 335. 
 Hem, 32. 
 Henault, John de, 328. 
 
 Henry VHI., King, requests continuance of 
 the amity of the King of Denmark to 
 his successor, 2. 
 
 , , death of, 2, 295, 296, 29S, 299. 
 
 Henry, Dauphin, afterwards King of France, 
 312,319. 
 
 Henry IL, King of France, letters from, 67, 7S, 
 80,96, 111, 119, 150, 200, 210, 218, 
 231, 280. 
 
 , Commissioners fh>m, 54. 
 
 , , Icttei-s to, 99, 107, 109, 115, 
 
 260. 
 
 , elected a K.G., 98, 99,109. 
 
 , his investiture as K.G., 133, 
 
 140. 
 
 , presents given by King Edward 
 
 \l. at the christening of his son, the 
 Duo d'Angoalome, 193. 
 
 ,16,20. 
 
 ,his great naval preparations, 18, 
 
 87, 88. 
 
 (Wishes to make vigorous war 
 
 witli Enghuid, 45. 
 
 , .menaces Boulogne, 46. 
 
 , his high favour with the mer- 
 chants, 59. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 377 
 
 Ilenrj- II., King of France, threatens to leave 
 the Church of Rome, 94, 110, 120, 127. 
 
 preoares for war -with Charles v., 
 
 127, 128." 
 
 , forbids his Bishops to go to the 
 
 Council of Trent, and protests against 
 the Council, 170, 172. 
 
 , , receives a present of horses from 
 
 King Edward VI., 185, 186, 194, 200. 
 
 , persecutes the Evangelicals, 
 
 200. 
 
 his intention of invading Eng- 
 land, 220. 
 
 , , accepts the mediation of King 
 
 Edward VI. between him and the Em- 
 peror, 245. 
 
 prepares to attack Naples, 247. 
 
 , , the terms on which he will make 
 
 peace with the Emperor, 258. 
 
 , keeps the ceremonies of the 
 
 Order of the Garter, 273, 274. 
 
 , his great enmity to Charles V., 
 
 334. 
 
 Herbert, Sir William, Master of the Horse, 
 146, 349. 
 
 , instructions to, 353. 
 
 , , see Pembroke 
 
 , Mr., 148,307. 
 
 Hercules, Port, 25, 247, 266. 
 
 , promontory of, 152. 
 
 Herisbach, Conrad, 7. 
 
 Herle, David, searcher at Newhaven, 320. 
 
 Herman (Weide), formerly Archbishop of 
 
 Cologne, 62. 
 Hermes, Dr., 13. 
 Herrings, restrictions on the exportation of, 
 
 from Flanders, 205, 237. 
 Hertford, Edward, Earl of, see Lord Protector. 
 Hesdin, 231, 232, 233, 237, 265, 307, 335, 339. 
 
 , the siege of, 233. 
 
 , the siege raised, 237. 
 
 Hesse, 287. 
 
 , invaded by the Emperor Charles V., 1. 
 
 Heydek, the Baron of, 19, 74. 
 
 Heylwyke, Lewis, the President of Flanders, 
 
 13. 
 Higgins, servant to Sir John Luttrell (same as 
 
 Hntchins ?), 103. 
 Highfield, a toward man in feats of arms, 307. 
 Hildesheim, bishopric of, 203. 
 
 , letter to the clergy of, 189. 
 
 Hill, Sir Francis, instructions to, 353. 
 
 HilUard, 34. 
 
 Hoby, Sir Philip, 75, 123, 212. 
 
 J , appointed Ambassador resident 
 
 in Flanders, 272. 
 
 , letters from, 24, 26, 38, 41, 43, 133, 
 
 210, 267, 268, 270, 273, 275, 279, 281, 
 283, 285, 287, 288. 
 
 J , one of the Commissioners to the 
 
 Emperor to mediate between him and 
 the French King, 260, 261, 266, 269, 
 277. 
 
 Hoby, Sir Philip, instructions and letters to 
 20, 30, 31, 46, 47, 109, 260, 268, 272, 
 279, 281, 286. 
 
 Hogue, Peter, author of a lewd book, 63, 72. 
 
 Holland, 9, 122, 156, 168, 173. 
 
 , an embargo laid on all the ships in, 9. 
 
 , great naval preparations in, 156, 173. 
 
 HoUingworth, John, 222. 
 
 Holm [Stockholm], letters dated from, 23. 
 
 Holstein, Adolph, Duke of, brother of the King 
 of Denmark, desires to marry the 
 Queen Dowager of Scotland, 17, 33, 
 113. 
 
 Holy-haven, near Lubeck, 33. 
 Honfleur, French ships of war at, 327. 
 Honyngs, John, 12, 37. 
 
 Hoogstraet, the Count of(FhilippedeLalaiDg), 
 
 262. 
 Horloge de Princes, 1' (by Guevara), 206. 
 Home, Philippe de Montmorency-Nivelles, 
 
 Count of, 280. 
 
 , , a brother of his, 312. 
 
 Hornyold, John, 302, 303, 304. 
 Horses, prohibition of exportation of, 49. 
 
 , scarce in England, 55, 56. 
 
 , sent by Edward VI. to Henry U. of 
 
 France, 185, 186, 194. 
 Horton, Prebend, 219. 
 Horsmonden, William, 49, 51, 81, 82, 83, 110, 
 
 149. 
 
 Howard, Lord William, 190, 226. 
 
 , , his eldest son detained in France, 
 
 226. 
 Howard, Mr., 293. 
 Hugford, see Hackford. 
 Hull, 205. 
 
 Humauldaye, Jean Annebaut, Seigneur de la, 
 
 son to the Admiral Annebaut, 20. 
 Hume Castle (in Scotland), 301. 
 
 Humiez, M. de. Governor to the Dauphin, 
 
 death of, 51. 
 Hungarians, the, ask for aid against the Turk, 
 
 21, 24. 
 victorious over the Turks, 195. 
 
 Hungary, 70, 82, 91, 99, 136, 152, 160, 167, 
 172, 178, 191, 193, 201, 229, 259, 276. 
 
 , the Turk loses a strong fortress in, 70. 
 
 , great preparations in, 99. 
 
 proposals to surrender it to King 
 
 Ferdinand 136. 
 
 , incursions of the Turks into, 160, 172. 
 
 , great success of the Turks in, 178, 
 
 201. 
 
 , Duke Maurice's success in, 229. 
 
 , the Turk retires from, 229. 
 
 a truce proclaimed between King 
 
 Ferdinand and the Turk, 259. 
 , the diet of, 199. 
 
 , Anne Queen of Bohemia (and wife of 
 
 the King of the Romans), her death, 3. 
 , , her exequies, 5. 
 
378 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 HQngai'y,Mary,Queen of, sister to the Emperor 
 and widow of King Louis IL of Hungary 
 Lady Ifi'jjent of Flanders, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 
 7, 9, 111, 11, 12, 1.1, 14, 22, 23, 25, 38, 
 5.), GG, H,-), 108, 122, 132, 130, 130, 152, 
 17(i, 185, 188, 194, 200, 200, 208, 225, 
 235, 237, 2411, 251, 255, 250, 257, 201, 
 2il2, 2118, 270, 271, 272, 273, 275, 276, 
 277, 27'J, 281, 288, 292, 297, 316, 317, 
 319,354. 
 
 letter of, 212. 
 
 Hunting, the English exceed other nations in, 
 107. 
 
 Huntingdon, Francis, Earl of, 48, 190. 
 
 Huntly (George IV.), Earl of, 58, 65, 73. 
 
 Hussey, Mr., 9, 11, 209, 216. 
 
 Hutchins, John, taniborine under Mr. Luttrell, 
 117, 118. 
 
 Hutton, ill used by Lord Cromwell, 39. 
 
 Button, Anthony, Clerk of the Ordnance at 
 Blackness, 330. 
 
 I. 
 
 Igles, Count d', a Danish noblemen in Paris, 
 
 95. 
 Images, four ship-loads of, from England, sold 
 
 in France, 56. 
 Imola, 181. 
 
 Inchkeith, taken and retaken, 42. 
 India, 7. 
 
 Indies, the [America?], 167. 
 , a wonderful treasure, arrived in Spain 
 
 from, 193. 
 Infanta, the, Maria of Spain, 93, 142, 170, 196, 
 
 201. 
 , , her marriage to the Archduke 
 
 Maximilian, 19. 
 
 , , brought to bed of a son, 92. 
 
 , her treasure captured by the 
 
 French, 193. 
 Ingoldstadt, 144. 
 Innspruck, 173, 178, 181, 185, 186, 187, 191, 
 
 192, 207, 252, 278. 
 , letters dated from, 195, 196, 202, 
 
 203, 214, 
 Insula, Battista dell', 288. 
 Insurrections, slight, in Essex, Kent, Hants, 
 
 and Devonshire, 42. 
 
 , suppression of, 46. 
 
 in Poland, put down, 24. 
 
 " Interim," the, 19, 22, 23, 24, 26, 30, 32, 92, 
 
 90, 107, 124, 164, 169, 174. 
 Ireland, coast of, r.ivMned by pirates, 31 . 
 , KiiiK'h intrigues ■with, 48, 68, 63, 89, 
 
 118. 
 
 , li'niicli inv.'iNitm of apprehended, 711. 
 
 , the I'opo's intrigues with, 108. 
 
 , grows towards ii good policy, 120. 
 
 120, 2r>9, 2i;o. 
 
 Irish intrigues with France, 48, 49. 
 
 " wild beasts should be hunted down," 
 
 49. 
 
 Bishops at Rome, 82. 
 
 Envoys to Paris, ask aid of the French 
 
 King, 89, 92, 95, 103. 
 
 Isbec, 301. 
 
 Isolcs, r, 183. 
 
 Italy, 16, 26, 36, 38, 80, 82, 84, 85, 86, 93, 
 112, 116, 117, 122, 127, 131, 134, 135, 
 138, 141, 148, 156, 157, 158, 162, 170, 
 173, 176, 179, 181, 18.3, 195, 199, 208, 
 228, 238, 242, 246, 247, 252, 256, 263, 
 267, 271,270, 297. 
 
 Ivoix, 232, 253. 
 
 Ivrea, in Piedmont, 105, 259. 
 
 J. 
 
 Jaen, Bishop of, 85, 88. 
 
 James, William, merchant of Soathampton, 
 
 18. 
 Janville [JoinviUe], 84. 
 Jaque, La, 16. 
 
 Jarnac, Gui de Chabot, Baron de, 20, 129. 
 Jermyn, servant to Lord Cobham, 323. 
 Jerningham, Richard, a man of experience in 
 
 tilting, 307, 308. 
 , , obtains the prize in a tonmament, 
 
 309, 310. 
 Jersey, French prisoners in, 51, 53, 54. 
 
 , plot to betray castle of, to the French, 
 
 . 98, 118. 
 , depredation by the French on some 
 
 natives of, 60. 
 
 , Captain of, see Sir Hugh Poulett- 
 
 , robbery in, 98. 
 
 Jewellery, great display of, at the French'Court, 
 
 71, 72. 
 Johansen, Albert, Consul of Calenberg, letter 
 
 from, 42. 
 John, Francis, 11. 
 Johnson, the Laird, U. 
 Judges qf England, requisition to, concerning 
 
 capture of a Spanish galeon, 4. 
 Julius III., see the Bishop of Rome. 
 Junta, the servant of the Florentine Ambassa- 
 dor to the Emperor, 2.'i4. 
 
 Kemenor, George, 42. 
 
 Keiineily, Hugh, 68. 
 
 Kersies exported to Germany tram England, 
 
 I licence to export teoia England, 220. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 379 
 
 Ketell, Dr., 14. 
 
 Kelt (the tanner), captured, 46, 
 
 Killigrew, 230. 
 
 Peter 1 
 "■ ' Thomas, | i^otofoas pirates, 242,280. 
 
 King, Henry, 28. 
 
 Kinkell, Hendrick, 29. 
 
 Kirkaldy, Sir William, see Lord Grange. 
 
 Kmitha, Peter, High Marshall of Poland 
 207. 
 
 Knight, John, Town Clerk of Calais, assign- 
 ment by, 338. 
 
 , Kichard, 149. 
 
 Knolles, Mr., 123. 
 
 Knoppert, Albert, 62, 64. 
 
 Knyvett, a Captain at Boulogne, 354. 
 
 Koesler, Adrian, 206. 
 
 , Michael, 206. 
 
 Kolding, letters dated from, 3. 
 
 Konigsberg, letters dated from, 26, 48, 187. 
 
 Kundelfinger, Joachim, 57, 58, 66. 
 
 Kurds, the, 271. 
 
 L'Affre, near St. Quintin, 61. 
 
 La Foi (Normandy), the Bailli of, 98. 
 
 La Force, 182. 
 
 Lalaing, Count de, 262. 
 
 Lampedusa, island of, 153, 158. 
 
 Landsknechts sent by Charles V. to Italy, 
 135, 142, 152, 153, 161, 172, 191, 192, 
 195, 201, 247, 274, 290. 
 
 in the service of France, 233, 280. 
 
 Landa, Domingo de, 4. 
 
 Landau, letter dated from, 222. 
 
 Landgrave's sister, her banquet with the Mar- 
 quis of Brandenburg, 8, 9. 
 
 Landgrave, Philip, the, of Hesse, 2 1 5, 270, 284, 
 351. 
 
 , , prisoner of Charles V., 15, 24, 
 
 180, 193, 
 
 , almost escapes from Mechlin, 65. 
 
 , petition in favour- of, 189, 198. 
 
 Landi, Count, one of the murderers of the 
 Duke of Piacenza, 126. 
 
 Landsperg, 141, 215. 
 
 Lane, an Englishman robbed by Albert 
 Alcibiades of Brandenburg, 277. 
 
 Langey, M. de, William du Eellay, " le Roi 
 d'Yvetot," 341. 
 
 , , is French Ambassador to Eng- 
 land, 352. 
 
 , , letter from, 341. 
 
 Langtoft, a manor of Sir Eichard Cotton, 355. 
 
 Langton castle of (in Scotland), 301. 
 
 Lansac, M. de, of Guieune, French mediator 
 between England and Scotland, 68, 73, 
 78, 80, 84, 109. 
 
 , , goes to Rome as Ambassador, 
 
 2G1, 278. 
 Laodicea, Leonard, Bishop of. Papal Nuntio to 
 
 I'hilip, Prince of Spain, 276. 
 Laon, lettsr dated from, 217. 
 
 Laval, de, family of, their law-suit with M. 
 
 d'Andelot, 28. 
 Lausanne, letter dated from, 217. 
 Law, the civil, only actrd upon in the Courts 
 
 of Admiralty in England, 54. 
 
 Lazagna, P., a Genoese conspirator, beheaded, 
 125. 
 
 Lead, prohibition of exportation of, from Eng- 
 land, 62. 
 
 League, reported, of France, Rome, and Venice, 
 5. 
 
 , defensive of England and France, 7. 
 
 , between the French and Bishop of 
 
 Rome, 24. 
 
 proposed of Protestants, 60. 
 
 proposed of the Swiss cantons, 200. 
 
 , proposed of England with the Em- 
 peror and Princes of Gennany, 270, 
 271, 275, 278, 283, 284, 
 
 , between the Empire and the Low 
 
 Countries, 283, 285, 286. 
 Learning, men of, in the Low Countries, 13. 
 Lee, Sir Richard, 299. 
 Lega Saxonica, 262. 
 
 , Suevica, ibid. 
 
 Legates, Papal, sent by the Pope to the French 
 
 King and the Emperor to treat of peace, 
 
 271, 272, 275, 276, 280. 
 Leipsio, 188. 
 
 , siege of, raised, 3. 
 
 Lennox (Matthew), 4th Earl of, 16, 36. 
 
 Lenza, the bridge of, 131. 
 
 Lerice, 119. 
 
 Le Touche, Mons., 194. 
 
 Levant, the, 177, 183, 254, 264. 
 
 Leven, Sir Thomas, 340. 
 
 Lewyn, Thomas, Paymaster of the works at 
 
 Boulogne, 313. 
 
 , letter from, 313. 
 
 Ley, VoUand Van der, a Dutch Captain, 293, 
 
 299, 302. 
 Liege, 144, 193. 
 
 the Bishop of, 144, 192, 193. 
 
 the Dean of, 192. 
 
 Limerick, citizens of, 245. 
 
 Lippa, castle of, in Transylvania, 198. 
 
 , captured by the Turks, 201. 
 
 Lisle, Lord 318. 
 
 , , appointed uttocAe to the Embassy 
 
 to France, 102, 123. 
 Lookhart, Alexander, 36. 
 
 , Robert, 36. 
 
 Lodrone, Signor Giovanni Battista, Colonel of 
 
 Almains, 263. 
 
380 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Lodronp, Signer Giovanni Battista, his son 
 
 captured by tlio French, 272. 
 Loire, tlie river, 114, 121. 
 Lombardy, 131, 192. 
 
 longin, Mons., Treasurer of Antwerp, 204. 
 death of, 26C. 
 
 Longueville, Franjois D'Orleans, Due dc, 
 exiled from the French court, 327. 
 
 London, 39, 129, 205. 
 
 reported to be besieged by the French, 
 
 2S. 
 
 , letters dated from, 2, 10, 14, 20, 22, 
 
 26, 27, 44, 329, 355. 
 , the tower of, letters dated from, 295, 
 
 296. 
 
 , bond of the City of, 260. 
 
 Longmere, letter dated from, 208. 
 Lord, John, letter from, 56. 
 
 Lorges, M. de, (Jacques de Montgomery), 
 commands the French troops in Scot- 
 land, 301. 
 
 , committed to the Bastille, 331. 
 
 , , refuses to serve again in Scot- 
 land, 19. 
 
 Lorraine, 24, 79. 
 
 , John, Cardinal of, 24,55. 
 
 , Charles of Guise, Cardinal of, 71, 72, 
 
 75, 222, 274. 
 
 Duchess of, [Christina, daughter of 
 
 Christian II., King of Denmark], 16, 
 22, 23. 
 
 , at variance with her nobles, 16. 
 
 , Charles, Duke of, 274. 
 
 , dukedom of, 286. 
 
 Louvain, 13, 18, 34, 43. 
 
 , letters dated from, 26, 41, 42, 48. 
 
 Love, John, "i Englishmen, co-partners at 
 
 Lewson, John, J St. Valery, 341. 
 
 Low Countries, the States of, 19, 193. 
 
 19, 24,26,31, 118, 238,268,269,271, 
 
 280. 
 
 heresy in, 53. 
 
 Lowther, an Englishman, prisoner in France, 
 
 341. 
 Lozon, M. de. Captain of a French ship of war, 
 
 342. 
 Lubeck, 14, 16, 27, 33, 47, 174. 
 
 letters dated from, 42, 44, 47, 246. 
 
 , magistrates of, 2, S3, 42, 44, 47. 
 
 , letter of, to King Edward VL, 
 
 246. 
 Lucca, 82, 148, 172. 
 
 , letter to the senators and magistrates 
 
 of, 180. 
 Lndovic, 340. 
 Lumeq, 166, 170. 
 Lunenburg, 74, 113. 
 letters dated fVom, 174, 211. 
 
 Lunenburg, Otho, Duke of Bninswick and, 
 
 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, ;!!, 33, 47. 
 , (letter from, 28. 
 
 Lunenburg, Otho, Duke of Brunswick and, 
 his son (Duke Otho), 28, 31, 62, 184. 
 
 , , grant of pension to, 47. 
 
 William, Duke of, letter of, 26. 
 
 Lusignano, Castle of, 247. 
 
 Lutheran fathers cited to appear at Trent, 24. 
 
 Lutherans, the, 179. 
 
 Luttrcll, Mr., 117. 
 
 , Sir John, 103, (same as Mr.?) 
 
 Luxemburg, 144, 239, 256. 
 
 Luxemburg, letters dated from, 239. 
 
 Lyere, M. de, 34. 
 
 Lyons, 19, 22, 23, 24, 25, 59, 152, 195, 205 
 265, 266, 319. 
 
 Lytton, Captain, 149. 
 
 M. 
 
 Macedonia, Prince of, one of the Pope's Cap- 
 tains, 158, 198. 
 
 M'William, the Captain of Clanricard, 48, 63. 
 
 Madrid, letters dated from, 4. 
 
 Magdeburg, 166, 269. 
 
 siege of, 21,34, 64, 74, 86, 88, 89, 
 
 90, 91, 100, 113, 117, 126, 138, 145, 
 155, 156, 157, 162, 166, 173, 174, 180, 
 188. 
 
 negotiations for the deliverance of, 
 
 188, 199. 
 
 the siege of, is raised, 189, 199, 202. 
 
 , placed under the protection of the 
 
 House of Saxony, 203, 269. 
 
 , the Burgomaster of, 199. 
 
 Maine, Marquis de, tee Claude, Duke of 
 
 Aumale. 
 Maine, 343. 
 
 Malatcsta de Rimini, driven from Italy, 41. 
 Malines, letters dated from, 15. 
 Malipiero, Bishop, his death, 272. 
 Mailing, South, th& dissolved college of, 307, 
 
 308. 
 Malta, 157, 163, 165, 172, 176, 17:, 183, 191. 
 , besieged by the Turks, 160, 162, 17j, 
 
 291. 
 
 , the Grand Master of, see the Grand 
 
 Master of Bhodes. 
 Maltzan, Baron Joachim, Envoy from the 
 
 Duke of Mi'oklenburg, 205. 
 
 letter of, to King Edward VI.. 
 
 205. 
 
 Malvenda, 19, 164. 
 
 Man, Isloof, 119. 
 
 Mondosse, M. de, 114, 118, 129. 
 
 Manna, Martin, chief gentleman of the King 
 
 of the Homans' chamber, 257. 
 Manning, Henry, harbinger, 256. 
 Manricke, John (Manrique), 169, 173, 176, 
 
 18.>, 18), 211, 251. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 381 
 
 MaTisfeldt, Count Albert de, 30, 174, 249. 
 
 , , report of his defeat, 21. 
 
 his eldest son serving in England, 
 
 29. 
 
 , , his company of soldiers dis- 
 persed, 74. 
 
 -..., , his sons, the two young Counts, 
 
 74. 
 
 , the citizens of Magdeburg re- 
 quired to give him up, 199. 
 
 , he leaves Magdeburg, 202, 203. 
 
 , his report against the Dulte of 
 
 Brunswick, 229. 
 
 Mansfeldt, Wolhard (Volrad), Count, eldest 
 son of the " old Count," 249. 
 
 , .enters the service of England, 
 
 26, 29. 
 
 , , letter from, 48. 
 
 Mantua, William, Duke of, 71, 198. 
 
 , Duchess of, married to the King of 
 
 Poland, 284. 
 
 , Hercules, Cardinal of, 71. 
 
 26, 172, 182, 183, 192, 201. 
 
 Marbachus, pastor of Strasburg, 96. 
 
 Marck, Messire Robert de la, Duke of Bouil- 
 lon, and Sire de Sedan, 351. 
 
 marriage of his daughter to the 
 
 Duke of Nemours, 63. 
 
 , , receives the officeof the Admiral 
 
 Annebaut, 331. 
 
 Margenburg, letter dated from, 220. 
 
 Marignano, Marquis of, 84, 125, 152, 172,232, 
 257, 267, 278. 
 
 Marillac, M. de, French Ambassador to the 
 Emperor, 21, 91, 106. 
 
 Maroffe, Martin, see Eouge Dragon. 
 
 Marque, letters of, against the Scots, 8. 
 
 MarseiUes, 50, 51, 61, 87, 117, 152, 171, 173, 
 177, 178, 183j^lS3, 264, 297, 298, 339. 
 
 Martin, Dr., physician at Boulogne, 305. 
 
 Martin, a prisoner at Montreuil, 325. 
 
 Mary, The Lady (afterwards Queen), 16, 17, 
 88. 
 
 , , her proposed marriage with son 
 
 of the Duke of Fcrrara, 17. 
 
 , proposed marriage of, with the 
 
 Infante of Portugal, 26, 29, 41, 42. 
 
 , , proposed marriage with Albert 
 
 Marquis of Brandenburg, 47, 60. 
 
 , , proposed marriage with the 
 
 King of Poland, 120. 
 
 , , plot to carry off, by the Empe- 
 ror, 53. 
 
 , , debarred the exercise of her 
 
 religion, 75, 84, 137, 161. 
 
 Mascyck, James Yan, 27. 
 
 Masone, Sir John, letters from — ■ 
 1548 : 26. 
 
 1550 : 48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 54, 55, 
 56, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64. 
 
 1550-1 : 65, 67, 68, 69, 71, 75, 77, 
 78, 79, 80, 91. 
 
 1551 : 89, 92, 95, 97, 102, 107, 
 113, 118, 121, 128, 146. 
 
 Masone, Sir John, letters to, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53, 
 56, 60, 62, 63, 64, 07, 69, 73, 54, 77, 
 79, 90, 98, 102, 107, 111, 114, 118, 123, 
 139. 
 
 , , complains of financial diffi- 
 culties, 61, 65, 98. 
 
 , recalled as Ambassador to 
 
 Henry 11., 76, 77,139, 150. 
 
 Mass, use of the, prohibited in England, 161, 
 208. 
 
 Massa, 247. 
 
 , Giulio Cibo, Marquis de, his plot 
 
 against the Emperor at Genoa, 1 6. 
 
 , , taken prisoner by Eernando 
 
 Gonzaga, 16. 
 
 Maurice, Duke of Saxony (Marquis of Misnia), 
 2, 13, 24, 113, 168, 262, 265, 284, 286, 
 287, 297, 336. 
 
 , , prepares to give battle to the 
 
 Duke of Saxony (Jolin Frederick), 1. 
 , , besieged in Leipsic and the siege 
 
 raised, 3. 
 
 , , his subjects rebel against him, 9. 
 
 , joins the Emperor and the King 
 
 of the llomans, 12. 
 , , is guided in religion by the 
 
 Emperor — subscribes to the Interim, 19, 
 
 23. 
 
 , delivers up Wittenberg and 
 
 Turgo to the King of the llomans, 30. 
 
 , , exhorts the preachers of Wit- 
 tenberg to increased zeal in religion, 
 37. 
 
 , , lays siege to Magdeburg, 74, 117, 
 
 126. 
 
 , , intrigues with the French King, 
 
 84. 
 
 , , disagreement of, with the Em- 
 peror's Council, 86. 
 
 , , his unpopularity in Saxony, as 
 
 succeeding to Duke John Frederick, 
 91. 
 
 proposes to treat with the people 
 
 of Magdeburg, 162, 163, 169. 
 
 , , demands assurances of safety for 
 
 the Protestant divines going to the 
 Council of Trent, 179. 
 
 , , reasons for believing in the 
 
 duplicity of Maurice, 180. 
 
 , , his negotiations -nith Magdeburg, 
 
 188, 189. 
 
 , , Imposes a large tax on the 
 
 clergy, 190. 
 
 , intrigues to obtain the freedom 
 
 of tlie Landgrave, 193. 
 
 , forms one of the confederacy 
 
 of Protestant Princes, 197. 
 , raises the siege of Magdeburg, 
 
 189, 199. 
 
 , , his disagreement with the Em- 
 peror, and good understanding with the 
 French King, 200, 209. 
 
 , demands conditions from the 
 
 Council of Trent, 203. 
 
382 
 
 GENEEAL INDEX. 
 
 Maurice, Duke of Siixoiij , makes a league with 
 the King of the 1 tomans and other 
 ri-incc's, 215, L'-il. 
 
 , , distinguishes himself in Hun- 
 gary ugiilnst the Jloldavians, '2'2'.). 
 
 the enmity of thu ICmperor 
 
 Charles V. towards him, afil. 
 
 endeavours to reconcile him with 
 
 Duke John Frederick, 208, 209. 
 
 Maximilian, The Archduke, eldest son of the 
 King ofthe Romans, 53, 55, 92,93, 106, 
 12S, 134, 142, 17(1, 172, ISS, 1!I2, 190, 
 198, 201, 270, 271, 275, 279, 286, 287. 
 
 , , his marriage to Philip, Prince 
 
 of Spain's sister, 19. 
 
 , , his proclamation as King of 
 
 Bohemia, 22. > 
 
 , , his treasure captured by the 
 
 French, 184, 193, 195. 
 
 , , thought to be poisoned, 215, 
 
 254. 
 
 , his great popularity in Germany 
 
 and Flanders, 250, 251, 275. 
 
 , opposed to a league ofthe Ger- 
 man Princes, 269, 278. 
 
 Maxwell, Lord (Robert, 5th), 69, 75, 77, 79. 
 
 , refused safe-conduct through England, 
 
 77. 
 
 Maxwell, Mr., one of the officers of the Old 
 Man, 353. 
 
 May, Edward, Lieutenant of the castle of 
 Calais, 310. 
 
 Maynbrooke, at Calais, 339. 
 
 Meautys, Sir Peter, Ambassador Extraordi- 
 nary to France, 2. 
 
 Mechlin, 122. 
 
 Mecklenburg, Duke George of, 199. 
 
 , , captured at Magdeburg, 64. 
 
 , restored to liberty, 202. 
 
 John Albert, Duke of, joins the con- 
 federacy of Protestant princes, 197. 
 
 , , intercedes for the Landgrave of 
 
 Hesse, 180. 
 
 , sends an Envoy to IQng Edward 
 
 VI., 205. 
 
 Medici, Cardinal, 106, 130. 
 
 Cosmo de', Duke of Florence, 70, 71, 
 
 112, 117, 118, 119, 125, 134, 135, 140, 
 142, 172, 183, 208, 234, 241, 254, 262, 
 276, 278, 281, 282. 
 
 , , letter of, to King Edward VI., 6. 
 
 , , supports the Pope, 127. 
 
 , , his son, 164. 
 
 , King Henry II. offers him one 
 
 of his daughters in marriage, 229. 
 , joins the Imperialists in their 
 
 attack on Sienna, 217, 2.'i5, 2.'i7. 
 hires uKKaHHina to murder I'lctro 
 
 hlnizzi, 261. 
 ..., .lulian dp, oniisin to tlu' (iiiccii of 
 
 Krunfe, returns I'niui lOnghmd, !>'.K 
 Melanctliiiii, Hi, 21, 00, IMil, 219. 
 Meld, IVinco of, (Jovemiir in I'iedmont for Ihe 
 
 I'ltiieli King, 18 ; death of, 54, 
 
 Melun, 40. 
 
 letters dated from, 108, 176. 
 
 Mendoza, Don Bemardine dc, 55. 
 
 Don Diego di. Imperial Apabassador 
 
 at Rome, see Don Diego. 
 Menon Thessalus, Bemardine compared to 
 
 224. 
 Mcntz, Council of, 37. 
 
 Sebastian of Ileustenstein, Elector and 
 
 Bishop of, 145, 163, 108, 170, 274. 
 
 145. 
 
 Menzies, Thomas, of Fitfoddels, 52. 
 Merbury, .John, surveyor at Boulogne, 311. 
 
 , , letter of, 3U. 
 
 Mercenaries in the pay of England, 30, 31, 
 
 32, 33. 
 Merchant adventurers, company of, 264. 
 Merchant of Oporto pluudered by English 
 ships, 65. 
 
 , French, his ship captured during 
 
 peace, 67, 69. 
 Merchants, Danish, complain of their treat- 
 ment by the English, 43, 44, 45, 217. 
 
 , of Dantzic arrested In London, 205. 
 
 complain of their burdens in 
 
 England, 220. 
 
 , of Limerick complain to the French 
 
 King, 245, 246. 
 of the steelyard, resumption of the pri- 
 vileges of, 249, 250. 
 
 , of Lubeck, plundered by Robert 
 
 Sentleger, 47. 
 , English, ill treated in France, 6, 20» 
 
 217, 236. 
 
 , , interrupted by Scottish ships, 
 
 10. 
 , , complain of dues at Elsinore, 
 
 64. 
 , restrictions on their trade in 
 
 Flanders, 185, 188, 193, 194, 206, 208, 
 
 225, 237, 288. 
 , , complaints of, in Normandy. 
 
 204, 206, 214, 231, 232. 233, 237, 236, 
 
 241, 242, 290. 
 , , allowed free market in Russia. 
 
 241. 
 , their privileges violated in the Hanse 
 
 Towns, 250. - 
 Mcs.<iinn, Straits of, 1S8. 
 Metal-founders brought fVom Germany into 
 
 England, 57, 58. 
 Meteor, singular, seen at Rome, !*5. 
 Metz, 232, 237, 253. 269. 
 
 letter dated fi'oni, 214. 
 
 Bishop of, 269. 
 
 besiej^ed by tlie Emperor, 229, 230, 
 
 233, 235, 249. 
 
 , sicgo of. raised, 235, 2lo, 245. 
 
 Mezieros, 100, 325,339. 
 
 Middleniore, Thomas, 238. 
 
 Mila, Bernard ft, chief officer of the Court of 
 
 the Duke of Saxony, 38. 
 letter from, 260. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 383 
 
 Milan, 82, 83, 112, 148, 153, 159, 167, 195, 
 
 198, 201, 252, 258, 278, 290, 319. 
 
 , the senate of, 267. 
 
 , letter dated from, 202. 
 
 Mildmay, Mr., 200. 
 
 Miners, Englisli, brought to France by M. de 
 
 Vendorae, 246. 
 Mines, engineers of, sent for to Germany, 57, 
 
 66. 
 Mirandola, 80, 84, 116, 125, 127, 128, 131, 
 
 141, 142, 143, 146, 147, 150, 153, 158, 
 
 159, 160, 161, 162, 170, 173, 175, 176, 
 
 178, 181, 183, 184, 187, 191, 192, 195, 
 
 198, 201, 290. . 
 Mirandola, Ludovioo Pico, Count of, 145. 
 Miraw, letter dated from, 26. 
 Mii-epoix, the Bishop of, French Ambassador 
 
 to Rome, 82, 83. 
 
 recalled, 261. 
 
 Misnia (the Marquisate of Duke Maurice), the 
 
 clergy of, taxed by Duke Maurice, 
 
 190. 
 Mocardus, a " stout " Protestant preacher, 164, 
 
 165. 
 Modena, 131, 141, 233. 
 Moldavia, Miltz, the Vaivode of, reported as 
 
 slain by Gastaldo, 224, 264. 
 a new Vaivode elected (Kadovey), a 
 
 trusty friend to the King of the Bomans, 
 
 277. 
 Moldavians, the, defeated by Duke Maurice, 
 
 229. 
 Molinseus, Carolus (Charles dn Moulin), sends 
 
 his work to King Edward VI., 214. 
 
 , , to Wotton and Pickering, 218. 
 
 Monaco [Munich], 113, 117, 186. 
 
 Monaco, the Lord of, [Honoratus Grimaldi], 
 
 158. 
 Monasterio, in Barbary, taken by Andrea 
 
 Doria, 50. 
 Money, rate of interest for, 31, 32, 34, 35, 40, 
 
 42, 45, 55, 263. 
 English, depreciation of the value of 
 
 in Flanders, 255, 256. 
 , English, not current in France or 
 
 Flanders, 330. 
 Monluc, Blaise de Montesquiou, Seigneur de, 
 
 in command of Gascons at St. Valery, 
 
 351. 
 Monluc, Jean de, Bishop of Valence, 21, 108. 
 , sent to Scotland as President of the 
 
 Council, 28. 
 , his harangue against the English at 
 
 the Court of France, 72. 
 , Envoy to the Pope from the French 
 
 King, 119, 128. 
 his opinion of the proceedings in 
 
 Italy, 131. 
 , obtains the archbishopric of Bor- 
 deaux, 150. 
 , goes on a mission to the Seigniory of 
 
 Venice, 158. 
 Montmorency, Anne de, see the Constable of 
 
 France. 
 Mons, 317. 
 
 Montalcino, castle of, 247, 259, 261, 263, 266r 
 272, 278, 282. 
 
 Montbarey, see the President St. Maurice. 
 Monte Aguto, Sig. Atto da, 135. 
 Monte Fiascone, Bishop of (De Crassis), 163. 
 Monte Puloiano, the Archbishop of, the Pope's 
 
 Treasurer, 140, 141. 
 Monte, Signor Giovan, Baptista de, nephew to- 
 
 the Pope Paul III., 112, 135, 142, 176, 
 
 184. 
 
 Montecchio, near Parma, 182, 290. 
 
 Monteglio, 172. 
 
 Montepulciano, 247. 
 
 Mouterosa, near Eome, 241. 
 
 Montfauconet, Mons., Charles V.'s mattre 
 
 d'hotel, 30, 280. 
 Montferrat, 172, 198,241, 253. 
 Montgomery, Gabriel, Le Comte de, 129. 
 Montichiello, castle of, 259. 
 Montmedy, 253. 
 Montmorency, Francis de, son of the Constable,. 
 
 created Admiral of the French fleet,. 
 
 176, 177, 183. 
 
 , Anne de, see the Constable of France. 
 
 Montreuil, 8, 114, 298, 299, 303, 307, 319, 
 
 323, 324, 325, 339, 341. 
 Montvilliers, two leagues from Havre, 342, 343, 
 
 249, 350. 
 Mortier, M. du, 40. 
 Morysine, Charles, Sir Richard's son, 160, 192, 
 
 216. 
 
 , , Sir Richard's brother, 192,208. 
 
 , Sir Richard, letters from — 
 
 1546-7 • 2,3. 
 
 1550 : 64, 65. 
 
 1550-1 : 66, 68, 69, 76, 80. 
 
 1551 : 85, 87, 90, 96, "99, 101, 
 103, 111, 115, 123,124, 135, 140, 
 144, 150, 154, 157, 159, 162, 164, 
 167, 169, 172, 174, 178, 180, 186, 
 195, 196, 202, 203, 207, 209, 211, 
 212, 213, 214, 216, 218, 221, 222, 
 226, 228, 230, 236, 239, 242, 243, 
 245, 248, 250, 253, 255, 256,258, 
 261, 262, 265, 266, 267, 268,269, 
 270, 273, 275, 277, 279, 281, 283, 
 285, 287, 288, 289. 
 
 , letters to, 2, 74, 83, 180, 422, 
 
 261, 262, 268, 270, 272, 281, 286, 288. 
 
 , instructions to, 221. 
 
 , , received atHamburg, 5. 
 
 , , instructions to, as Ambassador 
 
 to the Emperor, 52. 
 , , cannot get his "diets," 65,66, 
 
 67, 68, 69, 80, 101, 160, 167. 
 
 , , recalled, 87, 120. 
 
 , , reappointed, 161, 162. 
 
 Moretto, Captain, 178, 
 
 Morveiller, Mons. de, 129. 
 
 Moscow, castle of, letter dated from, 241. 
 
 Motte, Jacques de la, formerly abbot of Ar- 
 
 dres, 319. 
 
 , , letter from, 319. 
 
384 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Moulin, Charles du, see Molinscus. 
 
 Moulins, M. des, Commander of Gascon light 
 
 horse, 351. 
 Mount Bernard, 349. 
 Mount, Christopher, Dr., (Christoff Mundt), 
 
 letters from, 37, 45, 155, 156, 1G8, 174, 
 
 179, 188, 199, 202, 205, 215, 268. 
 
 , , is in great need, 67. 
 
 , 166, 209, 242, 268, 281, 282, 
 
 283, 288. 
 Moyle, Sir Thomas, one of the Commissioners 
 
 of the limits in the Boulognois, 311. 
 Muette, La, letter dated ftom, 4. 
 Munster, 5, 11. 
 
 Bishop of, 285. 
 
 Mustapha, eldest son of the Turk, 271. 
 Myles, servant to Lord Grey, 312, 323. 
 Mynsterley, Hichard, pursuivant, 340. 
 
 N. 
 
 Nahringheyn, 311. 
 
 Xantes, 18, 20, 114, 117, 118, 121, 122, 128, 
 130, 133, 339. 
 
 , letters dated from, 128, 129, 146, 147. 
 
 Naples, 99, 110, 134, 138, 141, 152, 154, 167, 
 241, 252, 257, 258, 259, 263. 
 
 , in great want of troops, 246. 
 
 .intended attack of, by the Turk, 224, 
 
 234, 238, 264, 282. 
 
 , , by the French, 233, 238,247, 
 
 264, 272, 278. 
 
 , expedition from, against Sienna, 234. 
 
 defence of, by the Imperialists, 276, 
 
 278, 282. 
 
 , the Viceroy of (Don Pedro de Toledo), 
 
 115, 172,208,228,234. 
 
 , his expedition against Sienna, 234, 
 
 237, 241, 247. 
 
 , lies sick at, Florence, 254. 
 
 , death of, 255, 258. 
 
 Narbonne, 172. 
 
 Nardi, Joannes Leonis, 103, 104. 
 
 Nassau, 189. 
 
 , Count William of, 200. 
 
 Natolia, Turkish invasion of, 279. 
 
 Naval preparations of the French, 61, 62, 65. 
 
 Navarre, Sik, 168. 
 
 , how it came into possession of Charles 
 
 v.. 111-,. 
 
 claimuil by King Ilonry IL, 258. 
 
 , I'linccBS of, 16. 
 
 , , brought to bed of a man child 07. 
 
 Kinp of (Henri D'AlbrOt), 62, 6S, 90, 
 
 97, 105, 128, 
 Ncale, John, fihlicrman of Calais, 310. 
 NegToponte, the Turk's armata at, 112. 
 
 Nemonrs, Jacques de Savoie, Duke de, his 
 
 marriage, 63. 
 Neufville, M. de, the Captain of Terouanne, 
 
 351. 
 Neutral vessels (Swedish), seizure of, 23. 
 Ncvers, Franyois de Clcves, Duke of, bis 
 
 notable feud with Boygnac, 49. 
 
 , reported as slain at Metz, 230. 
 
 Newcastle, ships from, at Boulogne, 322, 330. 
 
 coals from, at Boulogne, 327. 
 
 Newbaven, a small fort near Boulogne, Coun- 
 cil of, 294,295, 323, 332, 342. 
 
 receipts and expenditure at, 31.3, 319. 
 
 , 10, 61, 294, 295, 296, 297, 302, 303, 
 
 305, 308, 315, 316, 319, 322, 327,328, 
 346. 
 
 , captured by the French, 46. 
 
 the Bailli of, 347. 
 
 letters dated from, 294, 298, 313, 
 
 317, 320, 323, 328, 332, 345, 346. 
 Nice, 170. 
 
 Nicholas, a French painter (Nicholay d'Ar- 
 feuille), 15. 
 
 courier, 16. 
 
 Nieuport, 331. 
 
 Noailles, Antoine, Seigneur de. King Henry 
 
 II.'s maitre d'hotel, 258. 
 
 , Ambassador to England, 261. 
 
 Nobili, Sig. Vincentio di, nephew of the Pope, 
 
 266. 
 Nogaye, the post at Boulogne, 344. 
 Nogent, 20. 
 Normandy, 98, 172, 258, 316. 
 
 , warlike preparations in, 312. 
 
 , scarcity of wheat in, 202. 
 
 , English merchants in, 204. 
 
 Normanton, William, 332. 
 Norroy king-atarms, see William Harvey. 
 North, Sir Edward, one of the Council, 329. 
 Northampton, William, Marquis of, 14. 
 , , commissioned to invest Henry II. 
 
 with the Garter, 103. 
 
 , , instructions to, 109, 140. 
 
 , , commission to, 109, 140. 
 
 letters from, 114, 117, 118, 121, 
 
 122, 129, 133, 134, 146, 147, ISO. 
 letters to, 111, 113, US, 121, 
 
 129, 139, 140, 196. 
 
 , 102, 103, 107, 108, 123, 128, 
 
 129, 140, 156, l.'iS, 190. 
 
 , , his encounter with "a lewd 
 
 priest," 130. 
 
 , ,his character, 146. 
 
 Marchioness of, 190. 
 
 Northumberland, John DudU'v, Duke of, 
 letters to, 190, 193, IPS, i99, 264, 27o. 
 
 , letters from, 229, 230, 235. 
 
 Duke of, 197, 223, 223. 
 
 Duchess of, 190. 
 
 Norton, Sir John, of Kent, sues for the cap- 
 tainship of Blackness fort, 322. 
 
 appointed to the command of the Old 
 
 Man, 354. 
 
GENERAL INDEX, 
 
 385 
 
 Norwich, Bishop of (Thomas Thirlby), 2G0, 
 
 261, 269, 
 letters from, 266, 267, 268, 270, 
 
 272, 273, 274, 279, 281, 282, 285, 286, 
 
 287, 288. 
 
 appointed English mediator be- 
 tween the Emperor and the French 
 King, 260, 266, 277. 
 
 , , letters to, 260, 270, 281. 
 
 Novellara, Count della, 200. 
 
 Nuce, Count of, 125. 
 
 Nuremberg, 57, 144, 145, 166, 169, 215, 287. 
 
 Marquis of, see George, Marquis of 
 
 Anspach. 
 
 , a&ir and well- governed city, 144. 
 
 the senate of, 144. 
 
 , confederacy of, with the German 
 
 Bishops, 254. 
 
 qnaiTels with Albert Alcibiades of 
 
 Brandenburg, 268, 282, 285, 286, 287. 
 
 lettei-s dated from, 144. 
 
 Nycar, a miner, 246. 
 
 Nysa, 172. 
 
 o. 
 
 Oatlands, letters dated from, 54, 56, 352. 
 
 O'Connor, Cormac, asks the Constable Mont- 
 morency for aid against the English, 92. 
 
 Oldenburg, Christopher, Count of, 27, 28, 29, 
 30, 38, 215. 
 
 , much hated by the Emperor, 38. 
 
 Old Man, the, 294, 309, 329, 335, 337, 346, 
 
 348, 352, 353, 355. 
 letter dated from, 293, 307, 308, 325, 
 
 337, 339. 
 OUver, Dr. John, 109, 123. 
 Omphalius, James, 62. 
 Oran, nearly surprised by the Sheriff, 55. 
 Orange, Anne de I/orraine, Princess Dowager 
 
 of, 25. 
 , TViUiam of Nassau (the Taciturn), 
 
 Prince of, his marriage, 140. 
 Orbitello, Port, 25. 
 
 Ore, silver and lead, sent to Antwerp, 66, 67. 
 Orleans, 114, 117, 118, 121. 
 
 , letters dated from, 121, 122. 
 
 Orleans, Duke of, son of King Henry II., 129. 
 
 , , dies of smallpox, 61. 
 
 Ormond, Thomas, tenth Earl of, 123. 
 Orsini, Signor Giordano, 257. 
 
 , killed at Montalcino, 272. 
 
 Orsino, Camillo, 135, 151, 159, 170, 171. 
 Orvieto, a country belonging to the Pope, 
 
 247. 
 Osnaburg, bishopric of, 285. 
 Osterlings, of Lubeck, Hamburg, &c., 16. 
 Ostia, 136, 152. 
 
 Otranto, 157. 
 
 theTm-ksat, 148. 
 
 Oxford, University of, 149. 
 Oysel, M. d', AJnbassador from France to 
 Scotland, 15. 
 
 Padei'bom, diocese of, 285. 
 
 Padilla, a spy, 300. 
 
 Padua, 52, 126, 148. 
 
 the baths of, 267. 
 
 Paget, Sir William, letters to, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 
 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 25, 26, 27, 
 29, 36, 41, 44, 292, 293, 297, 298, 299, 
 300, 301, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 310, 
 311, 312, 313, 316, 317, 318, 320, .321, 
 322, 325, 330, 331, 332, 336, 337, 338. 
 
 , ....'.., letters from, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 
 
 44, 45. 
 
 , , receives the Garter, 12. 
 
 , , conference with the Emperor, 
 
 39, 180. 
 
 , Lord, 75, 161, 167, 180. 
 
 Palatine, the Count, see the Palsgrave. 
 
 Otho Henry, the Prince, 91, 92, 155, 
 
 156. 
 
 Pallavicino da Eavarano, Marquis Antonio, 5. 
 
 Pallavicino, Sforza, pays 15,000 crowns ran- 
 som to the Turk, 224. 
 
 Palmer, Sir Henry, one of the Council at 
 Boulogne, 294, 309, 323. 
 
 , , discharged for having shown 
 
 more fear than cause was, 354. 
 
 , , letters from, 333, 339. 
 
 , Sir Thomas, 294. 
 
 , , letters from, 292, 293,308,317, 
 
 325, 333, 337. 
 
 307, 309. 
 
 Palsgrave, Frederick, (the Elector-Palatine,) 
 the, 19, 29, 86, 92, 145, 155, 156, 180, 
 228, 230, 236, 257, 268, 270, 274, 286. 
 
 , letter from, 155. 
 
 Panizonus, John Dominic, Secretary to 
 Charles V., 164. 
 
 , Constantine, 1 64, 
 
 Christopher, 164. 
 
 , Francis, 164. 
 
 John Baptiit, 164. 
 
 , William, 164. 
 
 Papists, the, afraid they will be brought to the 
 bar in France, 100, 101. 
 
 Paroedes, Don Diego Garcia di, slain at Metz , 
 229. 
 
 Paris, George, 48, 63, 89, 92. 
 
 Paris, 22, 51, 114, 117, 152, 168, 280. 
 
 liberality of the city of, to King 
 
 Henry II., 250. 
 
 , letters dated from, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15, 16 
 
 18, 28, 40, 48, 114, 117, 118, 187, 194, 
 199, 204, 205, 206, 210, 212, 214, 220, 
 238, 245, 246, 250, 260. 
 
 B B 
 
386 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Parker, Mr., 248, 261. 
 
 rarma, 79, 80, 84, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 98, 94, 
 98,99, 100, 102, 106, 107, 110, 111, 
 112, 119, 120, lai, 122, 125, 12(1, 127, 
 12S, 130, 131, 134, 12!), 141, 143, 146, 
 147, 150, 151, 152, 163, 154, 158, IT)!), 
 160, 163, 167, 170, 171, 172, 173, 175, 
 176, 177, 178, 181, 182, 183, 184, 191, 
 1112, 195, 198, 201, 228, 253, 290, 291. 
 
 Parmenter, William, water bailiff at New- 
 haven, 320, 346. 
 
 Farret, one, an Englishman at Calais, 301. 
 
 Passau, 219. 
 
 , treaty of, 269. 
 
 Passports, 53, 68, 69, 73, 77, 79, 80, 199, 205, 
 323, 324. 
 
 Pates, a Bishop titular, 82. 
 
 Patrick, Kichard, haberdasher of London, 316. 
 
 Paul III., see the Bishop of Home. 
 
 Paulo, Peter, mariner of Flanders, 207. 
 
 Paulo, Signer, 182. 
 
 Pavia, the scholars sent away from, 136. 
 
 Pecham, Mr., 212, 340. 
 
 Peck, William, of Hull, an English pirate, 
 217. 
 
 Pembroke, William Herbert, Earl of, Master 
 
 of the Horse to King Edward VI., 186, 
 
 199, 200, 201. 
 Penner, a miner, 246. 
 Perigeux, the Bishop of (de la Salle), 129. 
 Ferrott, Sir John, 123. 
 Persia, the King of, see the Sophy. 
 Persians, the, preparations of the Turk to 
 
 attack them, 264. 
 their "composition" with the Turks, 
 
 271. 
 
 successftil against the Turks, 277, 278. 
 
 Peru, " seven millions " of gold imported from, 
 
 into Spain, 136, 142. 
 Perugia, 266, 278, 282. 
 Pesaro, Bartolomeo, 246. 
 Pestilence, a great, rages on the banks of the 
 
 Rhine, 249. 
 Petan, Nicholas, a merchant of Orleans, 333. 
 Peto, Friar, 82. 
 
 Petre, Sir William, letters to, 9, 11, 12, 14, 19, 
 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 29, 30, 38, 40, 43, 
 44, 45, 111, 156, 174, 202, 229, 230, 
 233, 235, 270, 278, 282, 285, 287, 
 290. 
 
 , , 75,208. 
 
 Petrovitz, Count of Themisnar, 136, 160, 181, 
 277. 
 
 , joins the Turks, 164. 
 
 Pctworth, letter of King Edward VI. fl-om, 
 
 ■2'J. 
 Feu, castle nf, 136. 
 I'cyto (I'eto), Francis, 7", 71, 119, 256. 
 
 ITiiiyng, Conrad ((^ourtpenny, Cortponny), 6, 
 25, 27, '2'.l, .1,1, 64, 74, 174,213. 
 
 , letter from •!'.). 
 
 I'feffcrkorn, Peter, Chief Captain of Duke 
 Maurice, taken prisoner, 86. 
 
 Philip, Prince, afterwards King Philip 11. of 
 Spain, 19, 26, 82, 86,87, 92, 93, 98, 99, 
 113, 119, 120, 125, 127, 128, 134, 136, 
 140, 142, 155, 156, 168, 193, 257, 263, 
 266, 270, 271. 
 
 , invested and accepted in the 
 
 Low Countries, 42. 
 
 , invested in the dukedom of 
 
 Burgundy, 138. 
 
 , , his nnpopnlarity in Germany 
 
 and Flanders, 251. 
 
 , , letters from, 4, 61. 
 
 , letter to, 276. 
 
 Philip, Prince Palatine, 91, 92, 156. 
 
 Philips, William, clerk comptroller of the 
 labourers at Calais, 357. 
 
 Fiacenza, 154, 252, 253. 
 
 , restitution of, demanded by the Em- 
 peror, 24. 
 
 frontiers of, dispute about, 80. 
 
 , letters dated from, 5. 
 
 , Duke of, see Fietro Ludovico Famese. 
 
 Ficardy, 59, 61, 84, 118, 121, 128, 175, 202, 
 227, 280, 293, 297, 343, 350. 
 
 Pickering, Sir William, letters from, 168, 176, 
 187, 194, 199, 202, 204, 205, 206, 208, 
 210, 212, 214, 217, 218, 220, 222, 223, 
 224, 227, 231, 232, 233, 238, 245, 246, 
 250, 258, 260, 273, 280, 286, 289. 
 
 , , appointed Ambassador to France, 
 
 139. 
 
 , letters to, 174, 175, 185, 190, 
 
 226, 231, 237, 241, 242, 254. 
 
 , , instructions and commissions to, 
 
 87, 96, 109, 139, 260. 
 
 , , sent to France — 
 
 1550: 1, 67, 70, 73, 76, 77. 
 
 , , returns to England, 78, 81, 87, 
 
 90, 97, 102. 
 
 , , appointed resident Ambassador 
 
 in France, 109, 117, 118, 122, 130, 139, 
 140, 150. 
 
 , , opens letters entrusted to him, 
 
 118. 
 
 Piedmont, 18, 19, 63, 72, 128, 146, US, 152, 
 172, 173, 176, 177, 182, 195, 201, 215, 
 234, 241, 247, 252, 253, 254, 259, 278, 
 282. 
 
 , Emmanuel Philibert, Prince of, and 
 
 Duke of Savoy, 28, 118, 239, 240, 262, 
 278, 282, 285, 
 
 letter to, 288. 
 
 Fiemontello, Don Alonso, wounded before 
 Meti, 229. 
 
 Piero, castle of, 266. 
 
 Pioi-son, Job, of Bas Boulogne, 341. 
 
 Pietra Santa, a port of the Dnke of Florence, 
 
 110, 112, 117. 
 Pigghinus, 85, 88. 
 Pirates ravage coast of Ireland, 31. 
 
 , English and Scots, their attacks on 
 
 the Danes, 42. 
 , in Italy and Spain, 46. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 387 
 
 Pirates, lie about the coast of Devonshire and 
 
 Cornwall, 72. 
 
 tha Turkish fleet full of, 94. 
 
 .......... Euglish, 217, 242, 245, 280. 
 
 Pistoja, 181, 182. 
 
 Fittigliano, Alessandro Orsini, Count of, ISO, 
 
 266. 
 Flantsenitz, In Misnia, letters dated from, 12. 
 Flassenberg, 215. 
 
 , letters dated from, 54. 
 
 Plessis Mac$, letter dated fhim, 119. 
 
 Po, the river, 131. 
 
 Foggio, John, Cardinal, Papal Legate to Philip, 
 
 Prince of Spain, 276. 
 
 Poissy, 258, 273. 
 
 , letters dated from, 49, 50, 51, 63, 54, 
 
 55, 56, 258, 273, 280, 288, 289. 
 
 Poland, insurrection in, put down, 24. 
 
 , King of, Sigismund Augustus, 14, 24, 
 
 85, 120, 180, 269, 277, 284. 
 
 , letters from, 205, 220. 
 
 , , letter of King Edward VI. to, 
 
 198. 
 
 , , forces his clergy to. renounce 
 
 the obedience of the Pope, 252. 
 
 Polandus, Dr. Vitus, 92. 
 
 Pole, Cardinal, 6, 7, 93, 110, 279. 
 
 , , his coming into Scotland, 329. 
 
 , Geoi&ey, 52, 106, 108. 
 
 Pomerania, Duke of, 180. 
 
 Ponthien, 349. 
 
 Fontoise, 273. 
 
 Poole, WiUiam, gentleman porter of New- 
 haven, 317. 
 
 Pope, the, see Bishop of Rome. 
 
 Fort, Hill, near Boulogne, 314. 
 
 Porte, Matthew della. Envoy from the Pope to 
 Parma, 130. 
 
 Porter, Henry of Coventry, 256. 
 
 Portel, near Boulogne, 334, 349, 350. 
 
 Porto, Cesareo, near Otranto, 158. 
 
 Porto, Count Paulo da, 272. 
 
 Porto Talamone, 247. 
 
 Portugal, John HI., King of, 28, 254. 
 
 , Ambassador fi-om, to the Turk, 7. 
 
 , Infente of, proposed as a husband for 
 
 the Lady Mary of England, 26, 29, 41, 
 42. 
 
 Paulett, Mr., brother of the Marquis of Win- 
 chester, 190. 
 
 Ponlett, Sir Hugh, 4, 6, 299, 302, 340, 321, 
 322, 325. 
 
 , , Captain of Jersey, 60. 
 
 , letters from, 302, 303, 304, 305, 
 
 306, 308, 312, 315, 316, 319. 
 
 , his son, 98. 
 
 Poulin (Paulin, Baron de la Garde), see La 
 Garde. 
 
 Powder not permitted to be exported from 
 rianders, 85, 137, 139, 167. 
 
 Powell, William, a miner, 246. 
 
 Poynings, Adrian, 294, 299, 309, 325. 
 
 Pragmatic Decree of the Emperor Charles V , 
 47. 
 
 Prague, 18. 
 
 Prenice,^the island of, 191. 
 
 Prcsburg, 276. 
 
 Prevesa, 183, 232. 
 
 Prisoners, Pi'enoh, escape of, 26. 
 
 Protector, The Lord, (Earl of Hertford, after- 
 wards Duke of Somerset), 64, 329. 
 
 his detestable treasons and out- 
 rageous doings, 355. 
 
 , , arrest of — 
 
 1549: 47. 
 
 , , his apprehension — 
 
 1551: 185, 187, 192, 195. 
 
 , , his character, 195, 196. 
 
 , , his trial and sentence, 200. 
 
 , , letters to, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 
 
 12, 13, 18, 19, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 
 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 37, 38, 
 40, 41, 43, 45, 47, 48, 295, 299, 301, 
 303, 304, 305, 306, 308, 311, 312, 314, 
 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 322, 323, 
 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 
 332, 333, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 
 341, 342, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349, 
 350, 351, 354. 
 
 , , letters from, 22, 27, 50, 295, 
 
 296, 297, 335, 352. 
 
 Protestant Princes, confederacy of, 197. 
 
 letter from Edward VL to, 197. 
 
 Protestants, the, 13, 37, 51, 96, 136, 164, 165, 
 168, 169, 173, 176, 179, 180, 189, 199 
 250, 270, 284. 
 
 , proposed league of, 60, 269. 
 
 , conditions demanded by those going 
 
 to the Council of Trent, 203. 
 
 the lamentable dissensions among, 219 
 
 of Prance, 334. 
 
 Provence, 18,79. 
 
 , troops sent from, to Scotland, 28. 
 
 Providetor, The, of the Venetian fleet, 99, 115. 
 
 Ptolomeo, Claudio, letter from to King Ed- 
 ward VI., 246. 
 
 Prussia, Albert of Brandenburg, Duke of, let- 
 ters from, 26, 47, 48, 54, 187. 
 
 , , protests against the Interim, 23. 
 
 , , negotiations with him for the 
 
 supply of cavalry to England, 47, 207. 
 
 , proposes to marry the Lady 
 
 Mary of England, 60. 
 
 , , his pedigree, ibid. 
 
 , sends fiJcons to King Edward 
 
 VL, 187. 
 
 joins Duke Maurice in seeking 
 
 the release of Philip, Landgrave of 
 Hesse, 180, 193. 
 
 , is one of the confederacy of 
 
 Protestant Princes, 197. 
 Purton's bulwark at Guisnes, 293. 
 Putcase, Robert, 354. 
 Pyrton, William, letter from, 317. 
 
 B B 2 
 
388 
 
 GKNERAL INDEX. 
 
 Q. 
 
 Querqiiic, M. de, a French Commander of 
 
 horse, 299. 
 QwycUclborogh, 4. 
 
 K. 
 
 Ragazona, Evangelista Fonte, a Venetian, resi- 
 dent in London, 197. 
 
 198. 
 
 , James, brother of Evangelista, 197, 
 
 198. 
 Raimond, Mons., Ambassador from France to 
 
 Constantinople, 152, 191. 
 his return from his embassy, 252, 
 
 2.)3. 
 
 Rambouillet, castle of, 10. 
 Ramusio, Baptista, Secretary to the Seigniory 
 of Venice, 171. 
 
 Rangone, Count Guido, 171. 
 
 , Count Ludovico, 5, 27, 38, 48, 171. 
 
 Rantzow, George, " aula! architrinus " to 
 Christian, King of Denmark, 40. 
 
 Hasson, Anthony, 33. 
 Ravenna, 127, 181, 193. 
 Rayois, in Champagne, 347. 
 Regent, Lady, of Flanders, xcc Mary Queen of 
 Ilungai-y. 
 
 Reggio, 125, 130, 201, 233, 290. 
 Reiffenberg, a Captain of landskneets in the 
 
 pay of the French King, 280. 
 Renti, near Falkenburg, 8, 317. 
 
 , a new fortress at, 8. 
 
 Response du peuple Anglois, La, "a lewd 
 
 book," 67, 78. 
 , written by Peter Hogue, 72, 
 
 79. 
 Revel, James, Government contractor at 
 
 Rlackncss, 312. 
 Reyncs, Andrea de, Albanian Captain, 292, 
 
 299. 
 Reytwciser, Wolff, 57. 
 Rhcims, 231. 
 
 .letters dated from, 222, 223, 224, 227. 
 
 I!hine,tlie banks of the, ravaged by pcstilcucc, 
 
 249. 
 
 Itliincgravc, the (the Count of Salm), 31, 32, 
 
 n.'j, 80, 287, 339, .'111. 
 
 receives the (udei- of SL Miehnel, fiC. 
 
 Rhdden, the Kniglits of, 100, 170. 
 
 the Grand Master of, li;.l, 105, 172, 
 
 191. 
 
 Rhodians, the, 1G7. 
 
 Rich, Richard first Lord, Lord Chancellor, 14. 
 Richmond, letters dated &om, 37, 41. 
 Ridolpho, an Englishman, swindled by two 
 knaves, 224. 
 
 Rie [Kccux] Adrian de Criiy, Comte de, 
 Chief Gentleman of Charles V.'s Privy 
 Chamber, and Grand Master of Flan- 
 ders, 18, 30, 2.39, 243, 244, 245, 262, 
 265, 293,298,305,310,323, 328,341, 
 342, 343, 347. 
 
 , , commands the Imperialists at 
 
 Terouanne, 265, 280. 
 
 , past recovery, 288. 
 
 Rincon, Antonio, 72. 
 
 Rion, 350. 
 
 Ritburgh, Earl of, 33. 
 
 Rivers, Lord, 123. 
 
 Robin, Franycis, 49, 50. 
 
 Roche Guyon, 56. 
 
 Roche, M. de la, 350. 
 
 Rochefoucault, Le Comte de la, 129. 
 
 , his brother, 129. 
 
 Roehelle, 61. 
 
 Rochepot, Jacques de Silly, Comte de la, 339, 
 
 341, 350. 
 Rochfort, Mons. de la, 40. 
 Rode, Sir Richard, 50, 62, 63. 
 RogendorfF, Count of (M. de Condey), 21. 
 Rogers, Mr. John, Surveyor of fortifications 
 
 at Boulogne, 305, 311, 313, 329. 
 
 , letters from, 306, 320, 327, 340. 
 
 Roi d'Yvetot, see M. de Langey. 
 
 Rokerett, a German Captain, 287. 
 
 Rolfe studies at Orleans, 73. 
 
 Rolle, servant to Sir William Pickering, 233. 
 
 I Romans, King of the, Ferdinand, brother of 
 
 the Emperor Charles V., 5, 12, 21, 30, 
 
 i 85, 86, 106, 13G, 138, 140, 152, 154, 
 
 i 156, 160, 170, 17?, 180, 181, 189, 191, 
 
 198, 215, 224, 262, 270, 271, 27.-), 276, 
 
 270, 284, 2S6, 287. 
 
 , , aids Lcipsic, 3. 
 
 his controversy with the Em- 
 peror concerning the succession to his 
 father and mother, 207. 
 
 , malccs a truce with the Turk, 
 
 259, 264, 277. 
 
 , opposed to a league of the 
 
 Ocruuin Princes, 269,278. 
 
 , liis daughters, 284. 
 
 ," a Prince true of his word, and 
 
 niu.:li car«f\il of his honour," S84. 
 
 , n special man sent to, from 
 
 England, 286. 
 
 , rebellion against him in Bo- 
 hemia, 336. 
 
 Rome, 51, 82, 1.10, 152, 154, 102, 169, 175, 
 1S2, 183, 198, 240, 243, 261, 266, 278. 
 
 the ruin of, thonght to be nigh at 
 
 hand, 84, 94. 
 
GENEUAL INDEX. 
 
 389 
 
 Home, great scarcity of food iii, 138. 
 Bishop of (Paul III., dies 10 November 
 
 1549), 5,6,7,9,15,16, 17,21,24, 28, 
 
 41. 
 
 , practices to reduce England to 
 
 his obedience, 6, 7. 
 
 , sends three Cardinals to the 
 
 Emperor, France, and England, 9. 
 
 J discord between, and the Em- 
 peror Charles V., 17, 24, 26, 29. 
 
 , , leagued with King Erancis I. 
 
 and the Venetians, 319. 
 
 , Bishop of, (Julius III., elected 8 Feb- 
 ruary 1550), 51, 52, 72, 80, 82, 84, 
 87, 88, 90, 91, 93, 94, 98, 99, 100, 106, 
 107, 112, 115, 116, 119, 121, 122, 125, 
 137, 128, 130, 131, 134, 135, 136, 140, 
 141, 143, 147, 150, 153, 157, 159, 160, 
 162, 163, 165, 167, 169, 171, 172, 177, 
 178, 181, 182, 189, 191, 192. 
 
 , , makes "an old bawd of his 
 
 Cardinal," 49. 
 , , his disputes with Henry II., 
 
 King of France, 58, 59, 94. 
 , , a favourer of the Emperor's 
 
 party, 70. 
 
 , , imprisons two Bishops, 88. 
 
 , his precarious state, 110. 
 
 , , at utter defiance with King 
 
 Henry 11., 120. 
 
 , Bishop of (Julius IH.) receives pecu- 
 niary aid from Charles V., 120. 
 
 , , seUs thirteen red hats to the 
 
 Emperor, 198. 
 
 , wishes to reform the Church, 229. 
 
 , , asks the Emperor to mediate 
 
 between him and France, 228. 
 
 endeavours to make peace be- 
 tween the Emperor and the French 
 King, 243. 
 
 , , his unpopularity at the court of 
 
 Charles V., 251. 
 , , his letter to Philip, Prince of 
 
 Spain, 276. 
 
 , , greatly labours for peace in 
 
 Tuscany, 278. 
 
 , the Prior of, 163. 
 
 , letters dated from, 84, 119, 120, 130, 
 
 157, 176, 261, 266, 276. 
 
 , intelligence dated from, 182, 183, 184. 
 
 Konay, by Brienne, etters dated from, 23. 
 
 Eone, M. dela, 129. 
 
 Rosenberg, 252. 
 
 Eosse [Rossem], Martin Van, Marshal of 
 
 Gueldres, 252. 
 
 ,made Governor of Luxemburg, 257. 
 
 Rouen, 51, 52, 54, 55, 56, 65, 168, 299, 300, 
 
 301, 342, 349. 
 
 , large sum lovie<l on it by the King< 
 
 317. 
 
 , Parliament of, subsidizes the King, 6. 
 
 , Court of Parliament at, 9. 
 
 - , imposts on English merchants at, 237, 
 
 ■238,iU, 
 
 Rouen, French galleys at, 316. 
 
 letters dated from, 56, 58, 290. 
 
 Rouge Dragon, poursuivant (Martin Maroffe) , 
 123. 
 
 Roxburgh Castle, demolished, 48, 50. 
 
 Roy, John le, denizen and bookbinder of Lon- 
 don, 323, 324. 
 
 , , arrested at Newhaven for car- 
 rying letters without licence, 324. 
 
 Roy, 317. 
 
 Roygnac, 49, 50. 
 
 his castle taken, 51. 
 
 Ruault, M. de, 15. 
 
 Rubiis, Bernard, 27. 
 
 Ruisbank, letter dated from, 355. 
 
 Russell, John Lord, see the Earl of Bedford. 
 
 Russia, Emperor of, Ivan Vasalovich, 241. 
 
 Russiani, the, 178. 
 
 Rustan Bassa, the Turk's General, 7, 271, 
 
 , , sent to Syria, 224. 
 
 , revoked, 234, 238. 
 
 , , his brother, 154. 
 
 Rutland, Henry, second Earl of, 123. 
 
 Rye, 25, 39. 
 
 Ryenhorde, Andres, Chancellor to Duke of 
 Lunenburg, 32. 
 
 s. 
 
 Sacoyne, Mons., 262. 
 
 Sadoletus, Paul, Bishop of Carpentras, 27 6. 
 
 Safe-conduct, letters of, necessary for aU foreign 
 
 ships, 62. 
 Safeteyn, Christian, servant to Guido Caval- 
 
 cante, 312. 
 Saint Clow, Mr. (St. Clair?), 148. 
 Sala Reis, one of the Dragut Rey's captains 
 
 191. 
 Salerno, John de, slain, 148. 
 Ferdinand San Severino, Prince de, 
 
 85, 233, 234, 252. 
 , in the pay of the Turk, 234, 
 
 238, 241. 
 Salle, M. de la, 129. 
 Salmoneta, Cardinal, 58. 
 Saltpetre, imported by English Government 
 
 34, 35, 37. 
 
 , great plenty of, at Augsburg, 96. 
 
 Saluzzo, 1 72, 
 
 , Gabriel, Marquis of, taken prisoner, 
 
 15. 
 Salvi, Giullo, a chief gentleman of Sienna, 
 
 282. 
 Sampson, Richard, Bishop of Lichfield and 
 
 Coventry, 87. 
 San Bonifacio, Count Bernardo, 14. 
 Sancta Cruce, Prosperus de, 23. 
 Sanderson, Ninlan, master gunner of the Old 
 
 Man, at Boulogne, 341, 342. 
 , , special remembrances for, 352. 
 
390 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Sandingfeld, the abbey of, 60, 61, 111, 121. 
 
 Sangiacchi, Turkish captains, 99. 
 
 San Giorgio, Cardinal, Papal Legate to France, 
 
 seo Cardinal Capo di Ferro. 
 San Giovanni, 132, 135. 
 Snn Segondo, castle of, 1S2. 
 
 Sanseverino, Count, nephew of the Prince de 
 
 Salerno, 247. 
 Santo Angelo, Cardinal, 116, 130. 
 Santoflore, an experienced Captain, 247. 
 Santo Fiorc, Sig. Mario, 272. 
 Saragna, 183. 
 Sarcerius, Superintendent of Leipsic, 189, 190, 
 
 248. 
 Sarpont, 350. 
 Sattiglione, M. de, 158. 
 Saumur, 129, 130, 342, 344, 345, 346, 349. 
 
 ,.„ letter dated from. 111. 
 
 Saunders, Kobert, master carpenter to the King 
 
 at Calais, 339. 
 
 Savona, 170, 196. 
 
 Savoy, Emanuel Philibert, Duke of, see Prince 
 
 of Piedmont. 
 Saxe, Prince de, 25. 
 Saxo Grammaticus, 36. 
 Saxony, invasion of, by the Emperor, 8, 11, 12, 
 
 18. 
 
 , military operations in, 64, 215. 
 
 157, 189, 215, 245, 249, 262. 
 
 , confession of faith of the Protestants 
 
 of, 180, 189. 
 , portion of, claimed by King of the 
 
 Eomans, 180. 
 , John Frederick, Duke and Elector of, 
 
 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 12, 15, 18, 113, 229, 262, 
 
 264, 270, 283, 284, 286, 297. 
 
 , , defeats the Emperor, 9. 
 
 , , taken prisoner, 12, 13. 
 
 , , letters from, 187, 215, 219,260. 
 
 , , petition In favour of, 189. 
 
 , , , his liberation, 215. 
 
 , , his two sons, 245, 259. 
 
 , , the right heir to the Duke of 
 
 Clevcs, 249. 
 
 , his sons heirs presumptive to the 
 
 Electorate, 269. 
 Scelton, Mr., 237. 
 
 Schertel, Sebastian, Protestant Captain of 
 Augsburg, 92. 
 
 , employed by the French Kinir 
 
 in Italy, 112. ° 
 
 Schetz, Erasmus, 7, 8, 83, 84, 37. 
 Schore, the President, 6, 11, u, 173. 
 
 , the family of, 113, 186, 226. 
 
 , Mons. Qiusto, 186, 187, 204. 
 
 Schuendi, Laziirus von, 174, 
 Schwend, The, 203. 
 Scilly islands, 1 16. 
 Scio, 283. 
 
 Scotland, 6, 9, 14, 16, 18, 19, 36, 56, 56, 5't 
 t>2, 7(1,83, 84, 182, 
 
 Scotland, France prepares army to aid, 16, 17, 
 18, 20, 21, 25, 27, 28, 38. 
 
 , negotiatioDB with England for peace, 
 
 68, 69, 73. 
 
 Scots, Mary, Queen Dowager of, 15, 16, 17, 
 21, 28, 51, 52, 55, 61, 65, 72, 75, 77, 79, 
 89, 92, 95, 97, 108, 121, 150, 174, 293, 
 316. 
 
 .., arrives in Paris, 56. 
 
 lands at Portsmouth, 190. 
 
 Mary, Queen of, 16, 51, 52, 53, 181, 
 
 274,316. 
 
 , , dangerously ill of a flux, 54. 
 
 , her proposed marriage with Ed- 
 ward VI., 45. 
 
 , her marriage with the Dauphin 
 
 " muttered," 65, 103. 
 , , conspiracy to poison, 97, 121, 
 
 126. 
 
 , , asked in marriage by Edward 
 
 ~ VL, 109, 133. 
 , , affianced to the Dauphin, 133. 
 
 Scots, the, make incursions over the Border, 1 1, 
 
 120. 
 
 , defeated by Lord Wharton, 21. 
 
 retake Inch Keith, 12. 
 
 , plan of invasion ofEngland by, 221. 
 
 Scottish ships of war at Newhaven, 10, 322, 
 
 327. 
 
 Lnbeck, 33. 
 
 , Dieppe, 297,299. 
 
 , Havre, 299. 
 
 commit depredations on English coast, 
 
 49. 
 
 Scylla and Charybdis, straits of, 154. 
 
 Sedan, 166. 
 
 Sedan, M. de, see Robert de la Marek. 
 
 Selve, Odet de, Ambassador resident in Eng- 
 land from France, 4, 22, 26. 
 
 , French Ambassador at Venice, 50. 
 
 , letter from, 290. 
 
 Senarpont, Jean de Monchy, Seigneur de, HI 
 
 118, 121. 
 Seneterre, M. de, 129. 
 Sens, 20. 
 
 letters dated ftom, 20, 21. 
 
 Sentleger, Eobert, 42, 47. 
 
 , Anthony, 47. 
 
 Mr., 356. 
 
 Seymour, Thomas, Lord, ,'"), 14, 53, 329. 
 
 Sezcn, Baron of, 1 3."i. 
 
 Sforza, a man of the first experience in war. 
 
 •-'4 7. 
 
 Francisco, Duke of Milan, 181, 
 
 Shnrrington, 37. 
 
 Shiirtli'y, see Schertel. 
 
 ShoUoy (Richard), 59, 191. 
 
 Shores, John, 278, 387. 
 
 Sheriff, the, 6S. 
 
 Ships— The Ager, 314. 
 
 Cuerpo Sanoto, of Bilbao, 4. ' 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 391 
 
 Ships, Mary Willoughby, of Scotland, 10, 
 322. 
 
 Great Spaniard, 10, 322. 
 
 , Mary, of Lubeck, 42, 47. 
 
 , tlie Ragazona, of Venice, 197,201. 
 
 , the Corona, 108. 
 
 La Capitanea, 1 
 
 La Speranza, > Doria's, 158. 
 
 , L'Amicitia, J 
 
 , Heart of Bristol, 254. 
 
 , all the, in Zealand and Holland 
 
 arrested by the Eegent, 9. 
 
 two French, captured by English, 
 
 46. 
 
 English, arrested in Elanders, 139, 152, 
 
 155, 161, 167. 
 
 , Spanish, captured by the French, 
 
 168, 170, 193, 195. 
 
 Scottish, in France, rob and spoil the 
 
 English vessels, 10, 322, 327. 
 
 .French, arrested at Boulogne, 340, 
 
 341. 
 
 Shrewsbury, Francis Talbot, 5th Earl of, 119, 
 
 120, 235. 
 Sibenburgen, in Hungary, 57. 
 Sicily, fearful of an attack of the Turks, 80. 
 
 , invaded by the Turks, 157. 
 
 , 86, 99, 119, 138, 158, 167, 183, 247, 
 
 266. 
 , the Viceroy of [Don Juan de Vega], 
 
 157. 
 Sickness, the sweating, 161. 
 Sienna, 36, 128, 141, 149, 152, 181, 232, 245, 
 
 253, 254, 266, 271, 272, 279. 
 
 , the Spaniards expelled from, 25, 35, 
 
 117. 
 
 , much coveted by all great Princes, 
 
 208. 
 
 the Cardinal of Ferrara enters on the 
 
 government of, at the request of the 
 
 Siennese, 224. 
 , an attack against, prepared by the 
 
 Viceroy of Naples, 228, 234, 237, 241. 
 , defence of, by the French, 238,241, 
 
 247, 264. 
 
 , the highest ladies of, aid in its 
 
 defence, 242. 
 
 , siege of, by the Imperialists, 242, 243, 
 
 247, 257, 259, 262, 272, 274, 276. 
 
 , a truce between the French and Im- 
 perial troops at, 280. 
 
 , raising of the siege of, 382. 
 
 , letter dated from, 149. 
 
 Sigismund, The Emperor, a special privilege 
 conferred by him, 148, 149. 
 
 Sina Bey, placed in command of the Turkish 
 fleet, 266, 267. 
 
 Sinclair, Henry, Dean of Glasgow, 52. 
 
 Sixsalles, Andrew, of Antwerp, 260. 
 
 Skelly, "William, 357. 
 
 Skiperius (Skipperus), Admiral of the Flemish 
 fleet, 1, 88, 122, 140, 143, 152, 156, 173, 
 
 Skiperius, Admiral of the Flemish fleet, com- 
 missioned by the Emperor to carry off 
 
 the Lady Mary, 53. 
 Slaves, Christian, taken by the Turks, 5, 162, 
 Sleidan, John, Protestant Envoy to the Council 
 
 of Trent, 189. 
 Smalhausen, John, son-in-law to Conrad 
 
 Pfenning, 213. 
 Smith, Hugh, an English Captain at Calais, 
 
 298. 
 , appointed to command troops at 
 
 Calais, 303, 304, 326, 327. 
 
 , letter from, 316. 
 
 , Mr,, 212. 
 
 , Sir Thomas, one of the King's principal 
 
 Secretaries, letters from, 25, 35. 
 letters and conmiission to, 34, 
 
 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 44, 45, 109. 
 
 123. 
 
 Smyth, Anthony, Auditor of Boulogne, 318. 
 
 , , letter from, 311. 
 
 Smythe, " Wavering Dr.," 65, 67, 212, 
 
 Soissons, 300. 
 
 Solway Moss, 83. 
 
 Soma, the Duke of, 228. 
 
 Somerset, Duke of, see the Lord Protector. 
 
 , Edward, one of the Council at 
 
 Calais, 296. 
 
 , Sir George, letter from, 355. 
 
 Somerset herald, see Atkinson. 
 
 Sophy, the, 112, 113, 234. 
 
 , , (new), declares war against the 
 
 Turk, 224. 
 
 , , makes peace, 238. 
 
 , his victory, 241. 
 
 , , the Turk prepares to attack him, 
 
 264, 267, 279. 
 , , very successful against the Turk's 
 
 army, 277, 278. 
 Soranza, The house of, 93. 
 Southampton, Lord, 39. 
 Southwell, Sir Richard, 349. 
 
 , , instructions to, 353. 
 
 Southwick (Hampshire), the residence of Mr. 
 
 White, 190. 
 Spagna, 242. 
 
 Spagna, Girolamo, 227, 237, 242. 
 Spain, 12, 22, 36, 82, 90, 92, 134, 138, 142, 
 
 167, 170, 173, 261, 264. 
 
 , The Prince of, see Philip, Prince, &c. 
 
 Spaniards, 19, 25, 38, 141, 171. 
 
 , at Genoa, 70, 125. 
 
 , " chiefly famous at an assault," 61. 
 
 , very unpopular in Italy and Sicily, 
 
 86, 116, 117, 125. 
 , The principal, sent away from Flanders, 
 
 251. 
 , very unpopular in Flanders, 271, 275, 
 
 283. 
 
 , mutiny of, at Cambray, 276, 282. 
 
 Speke, Sir Thomas, 20, 49. 
 Spenser, William, a prisoner, 327. 
 Spezzia, 140. 
 
392 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Spiaggiii, 136, 179. 
 
 Spies, English, abroad, 81, 82. 
 
 Spinola, Paul, author of a seditious treatise at 
 
 Ocnoa, no, 119. 
 
 , thrown into prison, 125. 
 
 , Captain, 171. 
 
 , Bernardo, 125. 
 
 Spires, 49, 125, 126, 220, 228,239, 243. 
 letters dated from, 221, 222, 226, 
 
 228, 230, 236. 
 Spirito, Octavian, of Vitello, 266. 
 
 Vincenzo, son of Octayian, 266. 
 
 Spruce, Henry, 307. 
 
 St. Andre, Jacques d'Albon, Marshal, 54, 
 
 103, 107, 108, 114, 117, 118, 122, 129. 
 , his embassy to England, 128, 
 
 130, 139. 
 , his wife embraces the reformed 
 
 religion, 250. 
 St. Andrew's, Castle of, the prisoners of, [the 
 
 murderers of Cardinal Beaton], 27, 
 
 50. 
 , released by King Henry 11., 51, 
 
 55. 
 St. Angelo, Castle of, Attempt to seduce the 
 
 guard of, 265. 
 St. Bertin, Abbot of, at Council of Trent, 92. 
 St. Damiano, in Montferrat, 172, 177, 241. 
 , unsuccessfully attacked by Fernando 
 
 Gonzaga, 241, 243. 
 St. Denis, letters dated from, 204. 
 St. Germain, M., 323, 329. 
 , .appointed master of the fortifica- 
 tions of Picardy, 335. 
 St. Gennain-en-laye, 53, 258, 280, 289. 
 letter dated from, 280. 
 
 St. John of Basing, William Lord, (Marquis of 
 Winchester in 1551), Great Master of 
 the Household, 14, 329. 
 
 , , letters to, 303,315, 339,347. 
 
 St. Ligiers, a French Captain, 301, 303. 
 
 St. Maurice, de Montbarey, President of the 
 Council at Brussels, 41, 108, 132, 152. 
 
 St. Michael, the Order of, 274. 
 St. Omer, 293, 297, 300, 319,336. 
 
 letter from, 330. 
 
 St. Pierre, M., French emissary to Parma, 80, 
 100, 102, 143, 151, 154, 290. 
 
 , , reported killed in battle, 146, 
 
 290. 
 
 St. Valery, 319, 327,350. 
 St. Viticent, Cape of, 4. 
 Stafford, Henry, first Lord, 83. 
 
 , sons of, 51, 52. 
 
 ,Mr. Henry, 70, 71, 119. 
 
 Mr. Tliomas, 71,121. 
 
 Stanhope, Sir Michael, 34. 
 
 Stanley, the gentleman porter at the " Young 
 
 Man," .11 ;t, ;iU. 
 Stanitcad, the Earl of Arundel's house, 100. 
 Steelyard, the, " the public Ilansc Iiouso of 
 
 London," 205. 
 
 Steelyard, the, resumption of the privileges of 
 the merchants of, 249, 250. 
 
 Steinbergh, Sir John, 26. 
 
 Sterailles, M. de, 129. 
 
 Stewart, James, 36. 
 
 Stockes, Adrian, 294, 295. 
 
 Stourton, 49, 50, 83. 
 
 Stourton, William Lord, Governor of New- 
 haven, letters from, 294, 295, 298, 305, 
 306, 317, 320, 323, 328, 332, 342, 345, 
 346. 
 
 , letters to, 295. 
 
 296, 304, 305, 325. 
 
 , his son Charles, 329. 
 
 Strangers, complaints by the English of the 
 influx of, 119, 120. 
 
 Strangwisshe, a notorious pirate, 242, 280. 
 Strasburg, 66, 84, 96, 155, 166, 168, 169, 
 
 249. 
 
 the Senate of, 200. 
 
 , surrenders to the Emperor Charles V., 
 
 1,9. 
 letters dated from 37, 45, 156, 168, 
 
 174, 179, 188, 199, 202, 205, 215, 268. 
 
 the Bishop of, 168. 
 
 , the divines of, 168. 
 
 Strick, Matthew, 90. 
 
 Strozzi, Pietro, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 28, 
 
 84, 100, 112, 116, 127, 131, 134, 135, 
 
 141, 142, 14.3, 145, 146, 151, 152, 156, 
 
 158, 159, 170, 176, 177, 178, 182, 1S4, 
 
 229, 252, 260, 261, 264, 271, 280. 
 Strozzi, Leo, see the Prior of Capua. 
 Stuard, a Scottish assassin, 96, 7,9 121, 126. 
 Stukeley, Thomas, 92, 218, 221. 
 Sturmius, Joannes, 69. 
 
 , wife dies, 249. 
 
 Sweden, 5, 23, 32, 100, 162. 
 
 , King of, 269. 
 
 , Lords and Councillors of, letter from, 
 
 32. 
 Swiss troops in pay of France, IS, 40, 141, 147, 
 
 153, 156, 158, 179, 233, 247, 259, 264, 
 
 297,319. 
 , French league with the, 2S, S?. 72, 
 
 125,215. 
 
 135,189,193. 
 
 Switzerland, proposed league of all the cantons 
 
 of, 200. 
 Sueinfort, fortress of, 215. 
 Suevia, the league of, 281. 
 Suffolk, Henry Groy.Duke of, 190. 
 
 , Duchess of, 190. 
 
 her ■• heats," 101. 
 
 Sy brant, Popyns, 15, 
 
 Sydney, lliMiry, 12.1, 146, 238, 246. 
 
 SynijiKon, William, one of the Council at 
 
 Culrtis. 296. 
 Syria, invaded by the Sophy, 224. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 393 
 
 Turquois, Jean, servant of M. do Lansac, 
 robbed near Calais, 79. 
 
 Tartars, 7, 201. 
 
 , King of the, 99. 
 
 Taylor, William, 354. 
 
 Telamona, port of, 152. 
 
 Tenzano, Sigismondo, 151. 
 
 Terouanne, besieged by the Impei'ialists, 265, 
 267, 274, 280, 281, 287. 
 
 , the Imperialists repulsed at, 289. 
 
 , captured and razed to the ground, 
 
 289. 
 
 , 8, 265, 298, 307. 
 
 letter from the camp before, 288. 
 
 Tours, letters dated from, 102, 107. 
 
 Terracina, 136. 
 
 Terranova, Marqnis of, 158. 
 
 Terricella, castle of, 143. 
 
 Teypolo [Tiepolo], Maestro Stephano, General 
 of Venice, 114, 115. 
 
 Tais, de, 351. 
 
 , Commander of French artillery in 
 
 Italy, 297. 
 
 banished from the French Coxirt, 327. 
 
 Thaun, citadel of, letter dated from, 155. 
 
 The Turk (the Sultan Soliman 11.), 148, 149, 
 150, 151, 152, 157, 158, 160, 162, 163, 
 165, 168, 170, 175, 176, 177, 178, 181, 
 183, 191, 195, 201, 224, 229, 234, 238, 
 241, 242, 247, 252, 253, 257, 259, 264, 
 267, 271, 277, 278, 279, 282. 
 
 , victorious in the East, 7. 
 
 , threatens Christendom, 5, 18, 21, 80, 
 
 85, 91, 92, 93, 94, 98, 99, 112, 116, 
 124, 125, 127, 134, 136, 138, 140, 141, 
 154, 163, 165, 172. 
 
 Thermes, M. de, French Ambassador to Scot- 
 land, 28, 52. 
 
 , French Ambassador to Rome, 55, 80, 
 
 94, 119, 127, 128, 151, 153. 
 
 , M. de, in command of the French in 
 
 Italy, 157, 158, 159, 162, 175, 178, 208, 
 224, 228, 247, 259, 266, 271. 
 
 Thionville, 239. 
 
 Tholomei, Ambassador from Venice to France, 
 237. 
 
 Thomas (Tomazo), Francis, King's messen- 
 ger, see Francisco. 
 
 Thomas, "William, Secretary of the English 
 embassy to France, 123, 133. 
 
 Thomasinus, of Calais, 65. 
 Threpeland, the, 56. 
 Throckmorton, Mr., 34, 226. 
 Throgmorton, Mr., 123. 
 
 , Sir Nicholas, one of Edward VI.'s 
 
 Privy Chamber, letters to, 101, 195. 
 
 Throgmorton, George, 110, 227,237, 242. 
 , one of the Captains at Boulogne, 
 
 345, 346. 
 Thynne, Mr. 45. 
 
 Sir John, his servant, 52. 
 
 Tiles, 8. 
 
 Toison d'Or, Order of, duties of the officers, 
 
 225. 
 
 , ceremonies, book of, 226, 227. 
 
 , , its antiquity, 274. 
 
 Toledo, Don, Pedro de, see Viceroy of Naples. 
 , Don, Garcia de, son of the Viceroy, 
 
 70, 240, 241, 247, 254, 257, 259, 263, 
 
 266, 272, 276. 
 
 ,lJuigi de, son of the Viceroy, 261. 
 
 , the Pope refuses to make him a 
 
 Cardinal, 240. 
 
 , , appointed Viceroy of Naples 
 
 pro tern., 257. 
 
 Tolne [Tolna], 168. 
 
 Tonevert, 181, 186, 285. 
 
 Torchsera, near Parma, 198. 
 
 Torrita, a town in the territory of Sienna, 
 
 247. 
 
 Touchet, 328. 
 Toulon, 154, 172. 
 
 , Archbishop of (Trivulci), the Pope's 
 
 Nuncio to France, 163. 
 
 ,M. de, 265. 
 
 Touques castle, 61. 
 
 Tour d'Ordre, a French fort near Boulogne, 
 337, 349, 350. 
 
 Tournament, splendid, at the Court of France, 
 71,72. 
 
 , at Calais, described, 307, 308, 309, 
 
 310. 
 
 Tournon, Cardinal de, 84, 119,127, 128, 131, 
 134, 148, 158, 162, 175, 225, 290. 
 
 Tours, 65. 
 
 , archbishopric of, conferred on Cardi- 
 nal Famese, 261. 
 
 Trani, Cardinal, 265. 
 
 Transagardus, a gentleman of Padua, 148. 
 
 Transylvania, 140, 170, 178, 198, 201, 259, 
 276, 277. 
 
 ,the Vaivodeof, 136,178. 
 
 , Elizabeth, Queen of, widow of John 
 
 Zapolski, King of Hungary, 136. 
 
 her negotiation with the King of the 
 
 Bomans, 152. 
 
 , her resolution to surrender Transyl- 
 vania to King Ferdinand, 1 60. 
 
 Ambassador from, to Turkey, 7, 85, 
 
 89, 156. 
 
 , invaded by the Turks, 99, 154, 160, 
 
 162, 181, 187, 201. 
 
 , defeat of the Turks in, 224. 
 
 Treaty of peace, at Boulogne, between England 
 and France, 48. 
 
 between England and Scotland, 73, 83, 
 
 84, 126, 129. 
 
 , between England and France, 109. 
 
394 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Treaty of marriage between King Edward VI. 
 
 and Elizabeth, daughter of King Ilonry 
 
 II., 150, 159, 169, 194. 
 ratification of, between Franco and 
 
 England, 203. 
 , conditions of tlie, for the surrender of 
 
 Magdeburg, 203. 
 extract from between Edward IV. and 
 
 James III. of Scotland, 73. 
 notes of, between King Henry VIU. 
 
 and Louis XII., 235. 
 , , between ICing Edward IV. and 
 
 Louis XI., 235. 
 Tremecen, Hereph, King of, 113. 
 Trent, Cardinal of, 12, 22, 29, 82, 125, 178. 
 
 letter dated from, 192. 
 
 , Council of, 17, 88, 91, 93, 96, 100, 
 
 106, 107, 110, 125, 136, 163, 168, 170, 
 
 172, 176, 178, 179, 180, 181, 189, 192, 
 
 199, 200, 203, 205. 
 
 Treport, in Normandy, 339. 
 
 Tressani, Count (two), 272. 
 
 Treves, 239. 
 
 , John v.. Elector and Bishop of, 145, 
 
 163, 168, 170, 239, 240. 
 Tripoli, 157, 162, 163, 165, 168, 170, 172, 175, 
 
 183. 
 Troyes,21, 24. 
 
 Tubingen, the divines of, 168. 
 Tucker, Lazarus, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 
 
 263. 
 Tullibardine, Lord, [Sir William Murray, 
 
 Laird of,] 205. 
 Tunis, King of, sends horses to Henry n., 54. 
 Turgo, castle of, delivered to the King of the 
 
 Bomans, 30. 
 Turin, 195, 201, 254. 
 visited by Henry U. of France, 25, 
 
 26. 
 Turino, Gian di, 228. 
 Tumbull, Hugo, 148. 
 Tumode (in Brabant), 13. 
 Tuscany, 278. 
 much damnified by the French and 
 
 Imperialists, 241. 
 , too narrow and mountainous for men- 
 at-arms, 247. 
 Tweed, fishing on the, 52, 56, 83. 
 Tyngry, Wood, 348. 
 Tyrol, the, 170, 196. 
 
 U. 
 
 Ughtred, Sir Robert, (Pickering's "lean 
 uncle"), 206,208,200, 210. 
 
 18,26, 139, Ifiil. 
 
 diet assigned at, 28S, 280. 
 
 Ulm, letter dated from, 220, 
 
 Upton, Hammond, a uiuu-ut-aruis of Boulogne, 
 308. 
 
 Urbino, Ouido di Revere, Duke of, 71, 134, 
 228, 246. 
 
 , Captain-General under the Vene- 
 tians, 319. 
 
 Urfc M. d', Governor of the Daaphin, 55. 
 
 Utrecht, the Bishop of, 144, 193. 
 
 V. 
 
 Voivode, the, of Transylvania, tee Transyl- 
 vania. 
 
 , of Moldavia, see Moldavia. 
 
 Val, de la, family of, see de LavaL 
 
 Valenciennes, 3, 4, 5. 
 
 letters dated from, 2, 3. 
 
 Valentinois, Duchess of, Diane de Foitien, a 
 " little square " between her and the 
 Constable, 56. 
 
 ,50,63,258. 
 
 Valerian, one of de Villebon's men-at-arms, 
 351. 
 
 Vallona, La, great preparations of the Turks, 
 at, 92. 
 
 Vanderdilet, Francis, Ambassador from Charles 
 V. to England, 27. 
 
 , , permitted to hear mass, 84, 136, 
 
 137. 
 
 , permission to have mass in his 
 
 house revoked, 208. 
 Vane, a knave who swindled two Englishmen, 
 
 224, 226. 
 Vannes, Peter, letters from — 
 1550: 62. 
 
 1551 : 81, 92, 93, 98, 109, 111, 114, 
 127, 131, 134, 142, 147, 152, 153, 
 158, 160, 163, 168, 171, 177, 1S7. 
 191, 192, 197, 198, 201. 
 1551-2: 208. 
 1552: 223, 227, 234. 
 1552-3- 240, 246, 252, 256, 259, 
 263, 278, 282. 
 
 , , letters to 211, 230, 231, 245, 
 
 , , his credentials to Lucca, 180. 
 
 Vanolf, Henry, a German Captain, 265. 
 Vargas, Secretary to the Emperor, 261, 267, 
 VassC, Mons., 293. 
 
 Vaudemont, Nicolas de Lorraine, Comte de, 
 afterwards Duo de MenxBur, 79, 232, 
 2.13,^2,1,'). 
 
 Vnudroy, 252. 
 
 A'aux, M. dc, 239. 
 
 Vcndovillo, M. de. Captain of Qravelines, 295, 
 308, 348. 
 
 Vi'udomc, "7. 
 
 Cardinal of, succeeds to the arch- 
 bishopric of Rouen on death of Cardinal 
 of Amboise, 54. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 395 
 
 Vend6me, Duke of, Anthony de Bourbon, 16, 
 
 26, 97, 105, 232, 346, 350. 
 , , Governor of Picardy, 61, 128, 
 
 335. 
 
 , invites English miners toFrance, 
 
 246. 
 
 Venetians, 5, 82, 93, 94, 98, 99, 105, 127, 131, 
 136, 138, 162, 170, 171, 175, 178, 181, 
 193,245,259,272,319. 
 
 Veniee, 24, 26,85, 82, 86, 94, 100, 114, 119, 
 128, 131, 148, 158, 173, 180, 191, 227, 
 242, 272, 278. 
 
 , Duke of, 5, 6, 12,52,114, 115. 
 
 , senate of, 5,6,7, 12,17,52, 81,93,98, 
 
 109, 114, 127, 134, 142, 147, 153, 158, 
 163,171, 172, 176, 177, 180, 191, 192, 
 201, 223, 227, 228, 248, 264. 
 
 , letters dated from, 5, 6, 7,12, 14, 17, 
 
 25, 26, 52, 62, 81, 92, 93, 98, 109, 111, 
 114, 127, 131, 134, 142, 147, 152, 153, 
 158, 160,163,168,171, 176, 177, 187, 
 191, 192, 197, 198,201, 208, 223, 227, 
 234, 237, 240, 242, 246, 252, 256, 259, 
 263, 278, 282, 290. 
 
 Ventura, Captain, an Italian mercenary, 30. 
 
 Verallo (VeralU), Cardinal, 176, 181, 183, 
 195. 
 
 Vergerius, Paulus, liis resignation of his bi- 
 shopric, 88. 
 
 Vericnii, 261. 
 
 Vemay, Mr. Edmund, 123. 
 
 , Mr. Francis, 123. 
 
 Veroli, 182. 
 
 Vervins, Jacques de Coucy, Seigneur de, be- 
 headed, 40. 
 
 Vieilleville, M. de, 129. 
 
 Vienna, 85, 160, 199, 224. 
 
 VigUus, 41. 
 
 ViUach, 284. 
 
 letters dated from, 215,216. 
 
 ViBafranca, 170, 192, 195, 261. 
 
 Villandry, Lieutenant Civil of Paris, 231, 233, 
 274. 
 
 Villebon, Jean d'Estouteville, Seigneur de, 51, 
 114,350,351. 
 
 Villefranche, Lieutenant to M. de Eoeux, 341. 
 
 Villers-Cote-Eetz, 297, 350. 
 
 Vilna, in Poland, letters dated from, 205. 
 
 Vireg, a port of the Duke of Florence, 117. 
 
 Vitelli, Alessandro, chief Captain of the Pope's 
 army, 142, 151, 153, 162, 170, 171, 
 183, 247. 
 
 , Signer Giovanni, 261. 
 
 Viterbo, 152, 276. 
 
 , the legation of, 130. 
 
 the Bishop of, 276. 
 
 Vives, Don Alonzo, slain, 26. 
 
 Vogelsperger, Sebastian, 14. 
 
 , , beheaded, 15, 29. 
 
 Volusan, 20. 
 
 w. 
 
 Wade, Armigill, a friend of Sir Edward 
 
 Wotton, 318. 
 Walderdon, 33, 74, see Wallerthum. 
 Walderfang, the camp at, letter dated from, 
 
 214. 
 Wallehem, Peter, 14. 
 Wallerthum, William, 164, 211. 
 Wallop, Sir John, letters from, 293, 298, 300, 
 
 306, 312, 317, 318, 319, 324, 328. 
 
 , 10,48, 50,62, 297. 
 
 , instructions and letters to, 329. 
 
 Wanerand, Oliver, of Boulogne, 339. 
 Warblington, the residence of Sir Bichard 
 
 Cotton, 190, 357. 
 Warner, Mr., 64. 
 
 Warwick, John Dudley, Earl of. Great Master 
 
 of the Household, letters to, 4, 5, 70, 
 
 117,118, 134, 164. 
 
 , letters from, 102. 
 
 , , see Northumberland. 
 
 Earl of, 64, 102, 119, 148. 
 
 Watson, John, letter from, 79. 
 
 , William (see Brend, John), 7, 14. 
 
 Wegener, Francis, 39, 40. 
 
 Weide (Herman), formerly Archbishop of 
 
 Cologne, 62. 
 Weimar, letters dated from, 248, 260. 
 Welles, Thomas, clerk of the carpenters at 
 
 Calais, 357. 
 Wendish cities, the, 74. 
 Werden, John ii, Burgrave and Consul of 
 
 Dantzic, 205. 
 Weser, the, 31, 37. 
 Westminster, Bishop of (Thirlby), 3, 5, 8, 12, 
 
 25. 
 letters from, 12, 18, 19, 21, 22, 
 
 33, 24. 
 
 , instructions to, 20. 
 
 , letters and papers dated from, 5, 
 
 30, 31, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 60, 62, 64, 
 
 73, 77, 180, 186, 197, 198, 249, 260. 
 Weston, servant to Sir Richard Morysine, 209, 
 
 211, 216, 219, 223, 226, 228, 242, 248, 
 
 261. 
 Wharton, Thomas, first Lord, 11, 21. 
 Wheat, permitted to be exported from France 
 
 to England, 202. 
 White, Mr., 190. 
 Wight, the Isle of, 210. 
 Wilcocks, the Treasurer's clerk at Boulogne, 
 
 325. 
 Will, Black, a notable murderer, escaped to 
 
 Flushing, 279. 
 , .ordered by the Lady Eegent to 
 
 be delivered up, 281. 
 WiUiams, Mr., 212, 213. 
 Sir John, 340. 
 
396 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Willoughby, Sir Hugh, 241. 
 
 William Lord, of Parham, Governor 
 
 of Calais, 111. 
 
 letter from, 357. 
 
 AVilson, William, 354. 
 
 Winchester, Bishop of (Stephen Gardiner), 
 
 deprived, '23, 66, 73, 74, 76, 81. 
 , Miirquis of, see William, Lord 
 
 St John. 
 
 Windebank, Ilichard, one of the Council at 
 Boulogne, 294, 342. 
 
 Windsor, 52. 
 
 , letters dated from, 52, 221. 
 
 Wines, of Gascony, 18. 
 
 Ehenish, 45. 
 
 , French, trade in, 175, 187, 194. 
 
 Wingficld, the executor of Francis Hall, one 
 of the Council at Calais, 356, 357. 
 
 Sir Richard, the Captain of Ports- 
 mouth, 190. 
 
 Winslow, an English traitor, 82, 110, 149. 
 
 Winter, Mr., 355. 
 
 , William, 254. 
 
 , George, 254. 
 
 Wirtemherg, Ulric, Duke of, 6, 21. 
 
 , , receives the Interim, 32. 
 
 , , rebellion against, 32. 
 
 Christopher, Duke of, 165, 257, 270. 
 
 , , a zealous Protestant, 168, 169. 
 
 , intercedes for the Landgrave of 
 
 Hesse, 180. 
 
 , his agreement with King Fer- 
 dinand, 215. 
 
 , , sends clergy to the Council of 
 
 Trent, 200, 203. 
 
 duchy of, 22, 169, 179, 192. 
 
 Wittenberg, letter dated from, 89. 
 
 siege of, 13,30, 89. 
 
 , theologians of, 168. 
 
 Woking, letters dated from, 53. 
 
 Wolff, Eytel, 33. 
 
 Wolves, great companies of about Pistoja and 
 Florence, 181, 182. 
 
 Wood, Thomas, a man-at-arms at Boulogne, 
 308. 
 
 Woolfe, Christopher, servant to the Fuggers, 
 283. 
 
 Wools, treaty concerning, between England 
 
 and the Emperor, 25. 
 Worcester, William, third Earl of, 123. 
 Workern, one of Charles V.'s Gentlemen of 
 
 the Chamber, 181. 
 Worms, 108, 132. 
 
 Wotton, Dr. Nicholas, Dean of Canterbury 
 and York, letters fl'om — 
 1547: 0, 10, 13. 
 1547-8; It, 13, 10. 
 1548: 18, 19,20, 21, 23. 
 1548-0: 29 
 1599: 40. 
 
 Wotton, Dr. Nicholas, letters from — cont. 
 
 1551: 108, 131,137, 158, 166 (with 
 Moiysine), 139, 140, 150, 153, 
 134, 156, 157, 159, 162, 164, 166, 
 273, 280, 286, 289. 
 
 , letters to, 7, 10,22, 27,46, 161. 
 
 , 293, 317, 333. 
 
 , re-appointed Ambassador in 
 
 France, 4. 
 , , again Ambassador on death of 
 
 Francis I., 11. 
 
 , , his " wariness," 66. 
 
 , , appointed Ambassador to the 
 
 Emperor, 87, 120, 124, 125, 135, 136, 
 
 139, 144, 169. 
 , , his appointment revoked, 162, 
 
 169. 
 , his theological discussion with 
 
 Charles V., 166, 167, 180. 
 , appointed Commissioner to me- 
 diate between France and the Emperor, 
 
 260. 
 Wotton, Sir Edward, Treasurer at Calais, 10, 
 
 296, 324. 
 , letters from, 304, 311, 312, 316, 
 
 318, 326. 
 
 , instructions and letters to, 329. 
 
 Wright, John, made clerk of the Council at 
 
 Calais, 357. 
 Wriothesley, Thomas Lord, 196. 
 Wrisberg, Christopher a, 47. 
 Wroth, Mr., 17." 
 Wurtzburg, Bishop of, at war with Albert 
 
 Alcibiades of Brandenburg, 257, 265, 
 
 268. 
 Wyat, Sir Thomas, English Commissioner to 
 
 France, 62. 
 
 , unable to act, 63. 
 
 Wynsham, a town belonging to Nuremberif, 
 
 286. 
 
 Yanin, a knave who swindled two Englishmen 
 
 224, 226. 
 Yardford, Lady, her houso, 49. 
 Yaxley, Francis, 230, 236, 24S. 
 letters from, 52. 
 
 letters to, 62,208,224, 226,227, 
 
 228. 2.'5,'., 2,17, 242. 
 YnnnrdbcUol, M., Governor of Estaple, 336, 
 York, Mr., 18(i. 
 
 Young Man, the, 294, 306, 313, 314, 346, 352, 
 
 353. 
 
 Young, Mr., 123, 317. 
 " Yunghcndallcrs," 45. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 397 
 
 z. 
 
 Zambone, James, G. 
 
 Zante, U>, 177. 
 
 Zealand, 8, 9, 66, 122, 140, 143, 173. 
 
 ZerW, 99, 157, 172, 183. 
 
 Zesnicke, Baron, one of Charles V.'s Captains, 
 
 135, 141. 
 Zircze (in Zealand), 13. 
 Zuinglians, " a most mischievous sect," 220. 
 Zurich, 38. 
 Zweybruck, Duke of, see Deuxpont. 
 
ERRATA. 
 
 Page 11, line 7, for Warton read Wharton. 
 
 „ 14, „ 4, /or Louvaine rearf Lorraine. 
 
 „ 15, „ 24 from bottom, /or Eston read Eseouen. 
 
 „ 27, „ 13 from bottom,/or Prince read Prior. 
 
 „ 57, „ 8 from bottom, for Schirpffer read Schurfer. 
 
 „ — „ 6 from bottom, for Steyper read Steyfer. 
 
 „ 61, „ 12 from bottom,/or consolation read consultation. 
 
 „ 84, „ 26, after JanviUe insert [Joinville]. 
 
 „ 89, „ 19 fi'om bottom, before [One pajre] insert Zortn. 
 
 „ 106, lines 26 and 27, for Marsillac read Marillac. 
 
 „ 113, line 31, after Monaco insert [Muuicb]. 
 
 „ 117, „ 4, after Monaco insert [Munich]. 
 
 „ 128, „ 4, /or Bologna read Boulogne. 
 „ — „ 11 from bottom, /or Berne rcod Beam. 
 
 „ 152, „ 8 from bottom, /or Sky perus read Sipier. 
 
 „ 168, „ 1 3, ybr ■will rcarf with. 
 
 „ 179, „ 22 /)r Boulogne read Bologna. 
 
 „ 185, „ 23,/or 56 read 456. 
 
 „ 186, „ 21, after Monaco insert [Munich], 
 
 „ 187, „ 20, /»• Angouleme read Anjou. 
 
 „ 208, „ 15, after in insert modem. 
 
 „ 240, ,, 5 from bottom, /or Gratio read Garcia. 
 
 „ 258, „ 8 from bottom, for Curio read Garcia. 
 
 „ 265, „ IS, for Hamburg read Bamberg. 
 
 „ 286, „ 1 7, /or LoTain read Lorraine. 
 
 „ 291, „ 10, /or Boulogne read Bologna. 
 
 „ 341, „ 14 from hottom, for d'entre read d'outre. 
 
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10 
 
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11 
 
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