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The 
 
 John Rylands 
 
 Facsimiles 
 
 No. 2 
 
 " Dives Pragmaticus " 
 
 London, 1563 
 
Bernard Quaritch 
 II Grafton Street, New Bond Street, London, W. 
 
 Sherratt and Hughes 
 
 Publishers to the Victoria University of Manchester 
 
 34 Cross Street, Manchester, and 
 
 Soho Square, London, W. 
 
A booke in Englysh metre, of the 
 great Marchaunt man called " Dives 
 Pragmaticus" ... 1563 
 
 Reproduced in facsimile from the copy in the 
 John Rylands Library. Together with an In- 
 troduction by Percy E. Newbery ; and Remarks 
 on the Vocabulary and Dialect, with a Glossary 
 by Henry C. Wyld 
 
 Manchester : At the University Press 
 London : Bernard Quaritch, and Sherratt and Hughes 
 
 MCMX 
 

 Letterpress and Plates printed, 
 
 at the University Press Oxford 
 
 by Horace Hart 
 
PREFATORY NOTE. 
 
 nnHE present volume forms the second issue of a series 
 ■*■ of facsimile reproductions of unique and rare books 
 in the possession of the John Rylands Library. 
 
 The series is to be known as "The John Rylands 
 Facsimiles", and it may not be out of place, in this 
 prefatory note, to recall the considerations which led up 
 to the undertaking. 
 
 It is a matter of common knowledge that, preserved in 
 this library, there are a number of works, particularly of 
 the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, which are of con- 
 siderable importance on account of their extreme rarity. 
 
 Hitherto, many of these works have been accessible 
 only to students' in Manchester, because the only known 
 copies are to be found here. 
 
 "With a view to render these texts more readily 
 accessible to students beyond Manchester, and also in order 
 to avert the disaster and loss to scholarship involved in 
 the destruction by fire or otherwise of unique and rare 
 literary treasures of this importance, when they have not 
 been multiplied by means of reproduction, the Governors 
 of the library have sanctioned the publication of this 
 series of facsimile reproductions of some of the more 
 
vi PREFATORY NOTE. 
 
 interesting and remarkable of the rarer books and prints 
 of which they are the guardians. 
 
 The volumes will consist of minutely accurate facsimiles 
 of the works selected, preceded by short bibliographical 
 introductions. 
 
 It is proposed to limit the issue of each work to five 
 hundred copies. Of this number two hundred will be 
 reserved for distribution to the principal libraries of the 
 world; the remainder will be offered for sale at a price 
 calculated to cover the cost of reproduction. 
 
 The Governors of the library desire to record their 
 indebtedness to Professor Percy E. Newbery, and to 
 Professor Henry C. Wyld for so generously undertaking 
 to contribute the bibliographical and philological introduc- 
 tions, which have added so greatly to the value and 
 interest of the volume. 
 
 To the Controller of the Oxford University Press the 
 Governors are also indebted for his kind interest and 
 co-operation in its production, 
 
 HENRY GUPPY. 
 
 The John Rylands Library, 
 April, 1 910. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Prefatory Note ...... v 
 
 Introduction . .' . . . . . ix 
 
 Remarks on the Vocabulary and Dialect: 
 
 I. General ....... xv 
 
 II. Grammatical forms ..... xix 
 
 III. Phonology ...... xix 
 
 IV. Spelling ....... xx 
 
 List of Authorities quoted in the Glossary . xxiii 
 
 Glossary ........ xxiv 
 
 Facsimile. 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 The tract here reproduced in facsimile is believed to 
 be the sole surviving copy of Dives PragmaticuSy "the 
 great Marchaunt man," a child's book printed in the year 
 1563. This copy is mentioned by Ritson ^ in 1802, when 
 It was in the possession of the Duke of Roxburghe. At 
 the sale of the Roxburghe Library in 18 12 it was bought 
 by Dibdin^ for the sum of thirty pounds for Lord 
 Spencer, from whose hands it passed into the John Rylands 
 Library in 1892. 
 
 .In 1875 it was reprinted by H. Huth in his Fugitive 
 Tracts^ of which work fifty copies were issued for "private 
 circulation ". W. C. Hazlitt in his Introductory Notices 
 to these tracts (p. xviii) gives the following appreciation 
 of the little book from a bibliographical and literary point 
 of view. " We are desirous," he says, " of guarding our- 
 selves as far as possible against an overstatement of the 
 importance or rarity of any of the items forming part 
 of this collection, but we believe that we do not exceed 
 the truth in saying that the production now under notice 
 is one of the greatest curiosities in the entire range of 
 
 ' Bill. Poettca, 1802, p. 285. 
 
 ' Catalogue of the Library of the late John, Duke of Roxlurghe, arranged 
 by G. and W, Nicol, London, 1812, No. 3312, Cf. Dibdin, Library 
 Comf anion, Preface, p. xiv, footnote. 
 
 ' Tract No. XXI. A few extracts from Huth's edition are given by 
 Mrs. E. M. Field in The Chili! and his Book, London, 1891, pp. 182-4. 
 
X DIVES PRAGMATICUS. 
 
 early English Literature. ... In every sense it is unique ; 
 and many of the allusions and illustrations are truly 
 valuable. Probably there was scarcely an article in use at 
 the period, which is not to be found named in this novel 
 catalogue of goods on hand by our literary Autolycus." 
 
 The tract itself is a quarto of eight leaves " imprinted " 
 in black letter, "at London in Aldersgate strete by 
 Alexander Lacy, dwellyng beside the Well " ; the 
 following entry referring to it is found in the accounts of 
 Stationers' Hall^ for 1562-3 : — 
 
 " Recevyd of Alexandre Lace for his lycense for 
 pryntinge of a book intituled Dives Pragmaticus very 
 pretye for children &c. iiij.d." 
 
 On the title-page the little book is stated to be specially 
 intended for children, and the running title throughout 
 the pages is " The names of all kynd of wares ". In the 
 Preface the author calls up the men of all professions, 
 trades, and occupations by name to come and buy of 
 Dives Pragmaiicus, " the great Marchaunt man," to the end 
 that the children may learn to read and write their 
 designations, as well as the names of their wares and 
 implements. The work is thus of the nature of a child's 
 spelling-book. The idea of summoning together persons 
 of all trade? and callings was probably suggested to the 
 author by a quaint doggerel entitled Cocke Lorelfs Bote, 
 printed by Wynkyn de Worde about I5i5.* 
 
 '■ Arber, i. 207. 
 
 ' A copy is in the Garrick Collection of the British Museum. 
 
INTRODUCTION. xi 
 
 Thomas Newbery,^ the author of our tract, was a 
 member of a family which had come to London from 
 Berkshire early in the fourteenth century ;« he is pro- 
 bably to be identified with Thomas, the elder brother of 
 Queen Elizabeth's "Master of the Printing House", Ralph 
 Newbery.s At the time this tract was written the 
 
 ' In the Diet, of Nat, Biogr. he is identified with a London publisher 
 of the same name who printed in 1580 y^ Brief e Homily . . . made to be 
 used throughout the Diocese of Lincoln, but that tract bears on the title-page 
 the name not of Thomas, but of " Ralph Newberie dwelling in Fleet Streete 
 a little above the Conduit. An. Dom. 1580". 
 
 ' See Calendar of Close Rolls. John de Newbury "of Berks and 
 Redyng" was Attorney of Queen Phillipa from 1331-50. The later 
 records of the family are to be found mainly in Berkshire Wills, printed for 
 the Oxford Historical Society (1892-3), which cover the period from 
 1530 to 1644; in the Parish Registers of Waltham St. Lawrence 
 (unpublished) from 1 5 59-1 760; and in Dorset Wills of the Consistory 
 and Archdeaconary Courts from 1 662-1 785. 
 
 ' Ralph Newbery (bom 1535) was one of the most prominent publishers 
 at the end of the sixteenth century, and was actively engaged in printing 
 and publishing from 1 560-1 603. Among the works issued by him were 
 Hakluyt's Travels, Purchas his Pilgrims, HoUinshead's Chronicles, and Fox's 
 Book of Martyrs. In 1583 he was Warden, and in 1598 and again in 
 1 601 Master, of the Stationers' Company: he was also Master of the 
 Printing House of Queen Elizabeth and King James (genealogy in Royal 
 College of Arms). His elder brother, Thomas, the probable author of our 
 tract, is mentioned in his Will (H. R. Plomer, Abstracts from the Wills 
 of English Printers and Stationers from 1492-1630, London, 1903, 
 pp. 39-40). An uncle, John N., after many years spent travelling in the 
 East {Purchas his Pilgrims, II. p. 1411, and Hakluyt's Travels, II. i. p. 
 245), was in 1583 entrusted with letters from the Queen's Majesty to 
 Zelabdim Echebar (Akbar, the Great Mogul) and to the King of China, 
 and in the Letters Patent granted by Queen Elizabeth to the Worshipful 
 
xii DIVES PRAGMATICUS. 
 
 Newberys were busily engaged in publishing from their 
 house in Fleet Street " a little above the Conduit ", and 
 with a few short intermissions they continued in the 
 printing business till the beginning of the nineteenth 
 century. It is interesting to note that the later Newberys 
 have also been especially identified with children's books. 
 John Newbery, at the middle of the eighteenth century, is 
 described by Oliver Goldsmith in The Vicar of Wakefield 
 as " the Philanthropic Bookseller of St. Paul's Churchyard 
 who has written so many little books for children.^ He 
 called himself their friend, but he was the friend of all 
 mankind." 
 
 Alexander Lacy, the printer, is described in the Rolls 
 
 Company of English Merchants for the Levant, 1 592, John Newberie is 
 named as the first Englishman who had " discovered " the land route via 
 Balsara and Ormuz to the East Indies (Hakluyt, Travels, II. i. p. 247). 
 His son, John (mentioned in Ralph's will), lived at the Ball in St. Paul's 
 Churchyard, and was a Stationer and Publisher from 1594— 1603 (Arber, 
 iii. 163, 228). From 1616 to 1634 Nathaniel Newbery was publishing in 
 London, and his printing-house was continued by his son, another Nathaniel, 
 till 1 653, and by Thomas N., who died in 1656. A William N. was pub- 
 lishing from 1685 till his death in 1 701. In 1 71 3 was bom the John N. 
 immortalized in The Vicar of Wakefield and by Dr. Johnson in the Idler, 
 1761, No. 19 (Whirler's character). For his life see J. C. Welsh, 
 ^Bookseller of tie Last Century, London, 1885. He began publishing 
 in 1743: after his death in 1770 the business was continued by his 
 nephew Francis, who in turn was succeeded by his widow Elizabeth, and 
 then early in the nineteenth century by Harris, who calls himself on his 
 books " Successor to E. Newbery ". 
 
 ' For a list of John Newbeiy's children's books see the bibliography 
 in J. C. Welsh's book mentioned above. 
 
INTRODUCTION. xiii 
 
 of the Stationers' Hall ^ as " a citizen and stacioner of 
 London ". He was printing from 1560 * to 1571.^ The 
 books issued from his press were for the most part short 
 ballads and tracts, and in the Stationers' Registers* it is 
 recorded that he was once fined xij^. " for that he printed 
 balkttes which was other mens copyes". 
 
 P. E. N. 
 
 ' Arber, i. 197. ' Ibid. i. 151. ' Ibid. I. 435. * Ibid.\. 274. 
 
REMARKS ON THE VOCABULARY 
 
 AND DIALECT OF DIVES 
 
 PRAGMATICUS 
 
 BY 
 
 HENRY CECIL WYLD. 
 
 I. General. 
 
 Few people at the present day, who are acquainted 
 with the various Vocabularies, Nominales, and Dictionaries 
 compiled from the eleventh to the seventeenth centuries, 
 will agree with Hazlitt's description, quoted by Mr, 
 Newbery, of the little work here reprinted, that it " is one 
 of the greatest curiosities in the entire range of early English 
 Literature ". Still more exaggerated will appear the state- 
 ment of the same writer, that " there was scarcely an article 
 in use at the period which is not found named in this novel 
 catalogue of goods on hand by our literary Autolycus ". 
 These catalogues of *' goods " are comparatively common 
 in the fifteenth century, and the reader has merely to 
 glance at their lists,, often elaborately classified, to see 
 how very scrappy and incomplete in comparison is the 
 enumeration of articles in Dives Pragmaiicus. In addition 
 to the Vocabularies, &c., the evidence of Wills, and 
 Inventories of household eflFects of the fifteenth and six- 
 teenth centuries, which make mention of furniture, kitchen 
 utensils, plate, glass, jewels, and wearing apparel in great 
 
xvi DIVES PRAGMATICUS. 
 
 detail, proves that Hazlitt's statement is based upon 
 complete ignorance of such sources of information as 
 alone can enable a man to form any opinion of the 
 relative value of a work like that before us. The fact 
 is that the book is one of a common type of compilation, 
 and an incomplete one at that. Any one who glances at 
 the references and notes which I have added to the words 
 in the Glossary will see that in nearly all cases the 
 vocabulary is the ordinary one of the period, and, further, 
 that we have plenty of evidence for the use of most of 
 the words, both before and after the date of the publica- 
 tion of the book under consideration. 
 
 In my opinion there is internal evidence that, in making 
 his lists, Thomas Newbery made use of other works of 
 similar character, some of which we still possess,' but of 
 which doubtless as many more have either perished, or 
 are still lurking among the unclassified lumber of old 
 libraries. 
 
 All these lists have, of necessity, a certain family like- 
 ness, due partly to the nature of their contents, partly 
 also to the fact that one was based upon another. Their 
 purpose was in some cases to form an embryo Liatin- 
 English Dictionary — of this the Promptorium and the 
 CathoHcon are the finest and fullest examples of their 
 period— the fifteenth century. Others were not only 
 Glossaries of Latin and English -words, but also had the 
 laudable object which inspires Thomas Newbery, of 
 instructing the young in the names of Trades, Professions, 
 Ranks, and common objects of daily life in their own 
 
REMARKS ON THE VOCABULARY. xvii 
 
 tongue. Newbery's lists are very slight compared with 
 many others, but they are rhymed and therefore easy to 
 commit to memory, and they are pervaded by a certain 
 vein of coarse humour, which even to-day may still 
 provoke a smile. 
 
 As examples of this humorous quality, one may 
 instance : — 
 
 Drippyng pannes, pot hookes, ould Cats and Kits ; 
 And preaty fine dogs, without fleas or nits. 23. 
 
 Axes for Butchers, and fine glasses for wyues : 
 Medecines for Rats to shorten their lyues, &c. 27. 
 
 As examples of the indebtedness of our compiler to 
 others of his trade, I take a few verses at random from 
 Dives, and compare them with some of the fifteenth- 
 century vocabularies reprinted by Wright-Wiilcker. I 
 do not, of course, argue that Newbery made his lists from 
 the identical vocabularies quoted, but from others of 
 a similar character, in which the same association of 
 objects occurs. In a Nominate of the fifteenth century 
 we find " a nabse ", and in the line next but one below it 
 "« primer", cp. W.W. 719. 40 and 42 ; in verse 4 of 
 Dives we have " Primers and abces" : in the same Noihinale 
 we have " a home ", " a pener","ynke", cp. W.W. 682. 14, 
 15, 16 ; in verse 4 of Newbery we find — "/ fiaue inke 
 papef- and pennes, to hde with a barge, Inke homes, and 
 pennours ", &c. The resemblance could hardly be closer if 
 the author had been versifying this very Nominale, In 
 a sixteenth-century Pictorial Vocabulary we find " a fold- 
 
xviii DIVES PRAGMATICUS. 
 
 stake", and immediately after "aherdyile " ; In verse 28 of 
 Dives we get " hardels and stakes ". 
 
 In a Latin Metrical vocabulary of the fifteenth century, 
 which has the English words written below the Latin, we 
 find (W.W. p. 626) the following lists of English 
 words in the order given : — 
 
 (i) "brasyn potte posnette cawdrune brondyre fryyn 
 panne panne or pot." 
 
 (2) " Sawsesere spone coop pece salte." 
 
 (3) " basin lauere," &c. 
 
 With these cp. Newbery, verse 1 9 — " Fyne Saultes, 
 spoones, and trenchers", &c. ; 21 — 
 
 " I haue platters dyshes, sawcers and candlesticks. 
 Chaffers, lauers, towels, and fine tricks : 
 Possenets fryeng pannes," &c. 
 
 Other examples might be cited, but the above are, 
 I think, sufficient to prove that our author made use of 
 contemporary lists very similar to his own and to those 
 I have quoted. 
 
 As for the comparative copiousness of Newbery's in- 
 ventories, I may mention that the fifteenth-century 
 Nominale above quoted contains, among many other 
 groups of words, about 169 names of trades, 68 names of 
 domestic animals, 70 names of birds, 47 names of spices, 
 220 names of household properties and things connected 
 with the household, besides a special list of names con- 
 nected with the structure of the house itself, and 6^ 
 names of articles of clothing. 
 
REMARKS ON THE VOCABULARY. xix 
 
 II. Grammatical Forms. 
 
 It is rather remarkable that one writing as late as 1 563, 
 in the Standard or Literary form of English, should 
 wobble as much as Newbery does in the verbal forms of 
 the plural. We have the following typically Southern 
 plurals — occupieth Pref. 91 ; doeth Pref. 9, 30, 34, 49 ; 
 visiteth Pref. 89. The archaic form gone of the Midland 
 PI. Pres. occurs verse 32 ; and the Northern PI. makes 
 occurs verse 28, and powles and pylles verse 66. In the 
 other cases, so far as I can see, we have the normal 
 Midland PI. of the sixteenth century, without any ending 
 at all — from Middle English -en. 
 
 An archaic inflected infinitive, to doone^ is found Pref. 
 no. The inflexion of substantives is normal, but we 
 may note the weak PI. hosen verse 1 1, and shoone^ " shoes," 
 verses 35 and 56. 
 
 III. Phonology. 
 
 The one point of great interest is the use of the 
 typically Kentish form Heeues verse 13, "hives," which see 
 in the Glossary. 
 
 The forms geuer, "giver," Pref. i, and hether, "hither," 
 which occurs in nearly every verse of the poem, are 
 dialectal in the sense that they were not the normal forms 
 of literary English in the sixteenth century. They 
 point respectivdy to Old English geofan and heopor. 
 These forms might be either Kentish or Mercian. Taken 
 
XX DIVES PRAGMATICUS. 
 
 in conjunction with Heeues, which can only be Kentish, 
 one is tempted to assume this origin for them, and to 
 venture the guess that Newbery was at any rate brought 
 up in Kent. 
 
 A curious rhyme, if genuine, is that of heare, "hair," 
 with geare and neare, verse 41. This may point to the 
 retention of M.E. (Sthn.) e("open e") from an O.E. 
 (Saxon) a. 
 
 The Mod. Engl, pronunciations of gear and near point 
 to an O.E. ger, tier, that is, to non-Saxon forms. Mod. 
 Engl, hair may be explained in two ways : — {a) it may be 
 O.E. (non-Saxon) her with the vowel subsequently lowered 
 before r instead of being raised to (?), or {b) it may be 
 a retention of the O.E. (Saxon) form har. The rhymes in 
 the text point to a Southern or Saxon origin for all these 
 words. Other possible cases of the survival of Saxon forms 
 are the vb. sleape verse 42, 9.ndpreaty 23. It is dangerous 
 to argue much from sixteenth-century spellings, but the old 
 tense e, which by the time of Dives had already been raised 
 to the present day (?) sound, is almost invariably written 
 " ee " in the sixteenth century, ea being reserved for M.E. 
 "open e ", which had not yet been altered. If this argu- 
 ment is sound, then skape represents O.E. (Saxon) slapan, 
 and not slepan the ancestor of the Modern Standard form. 
 
 IV. Spelling. 
 
 In common with many of his contemporaries, Newbery 
 not infrequently alters the normal and historical spelling 
 
REMARKS ON THE VOCABULARY. xxi 
 
 of words in order to bring them into line with the other 
 words with which they rhyme, and thus produce a 
 " rhyme for the eye ". On this point see the note and 
 references under Burch in Glossary. Other examples are 
 •wasse instead oi was verse 61, which is supposed to rhyme 
 with glasse and passe ; and durke instead of derk or dark 
 verse 1 5, which is used as a rhyme for worke and Turke. It 
 was a bad rhyme, for although the other two words rhymed 
 then as now, dark could never have rhymed with them 
 in reality. Therefore, Newbery follows the advice of 
 Puttenham, to make an " eye-rhyme " in such cases. An 
 absurd instance of a sham spelling is Rax^ " racks," verse 
 57, which rhymes with Wax and Flax. 
 
 The M.E. symbol 3, which represented the " y-sound ", 
 occurs in Rayjens, verse 38, with the old value. Else- 
 where in the text it is used for the sound of z. There 
 are several words in Mod. Engl, in which z represents 
 this old sound. In capercailzie it retains its old sound, 
 and in Dalzel it sometimes does still, when the name 
 is pronounced Dalyel, but in Mackenzie, originally written 
 for " Mackenny ", the influence of the spelling has been 
 too strong for the traditional pronunciation. 
 
 The spelling I aue for / kave in verse ^^ may be the 
 unconscious phonetic representation of the natural pro- 
 nunciation, which even in the fifteenth century dropped 
 the aspirate in an unstressed auxiliary, just as we now say 
 " I've " ( = aiv), or (ai av). 
 
 These are, I believe, all the points connected with the 
 language of the text which call for mention. 
 
xxii DIVES PRAGMATICUS. 
 
 The Glossary contains such words as are remarkable 
 either for being obsolete at the present time, or for being 
 early examples of words or phrases now in use. 
 
 I regret that I have not had access to such works as 
 Horman's Vulgaria, Huloet's Abcedarium, and Baret's 
 Alvearie^ in writing the notes in the Glossary. 
 
 H. C. W. 
 
 Liverpool, April, 1910. 
 
LIST OF AUTHORITIES QUOTED 
 IN THE GLOSSARY. 
 
 Babees Book, &c. (contains a number of sixteenth-century tracts), Ed. 
 
 Fumivall, E.E.T.S., 1868. 
 Bardslty. Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames. Oxford, 1 90 1. 
 BorJe, Andrew. Dyetary of Helth (i 542), and other contemporary tracts. 
 
 Ed. Fumivall, E.E.T.S., 1870. 
 Bury Wills and Inventories (Bury W. and I.). Ed. Timms, Camden 
 
 Society, 1850. 
 CathoScon AngBcum (Catholicon). English-Latin Dictionary, 1483. 
 
 Ed. Herrtage, Camden Society, 1882. 
 Chaucer. Works. Ed. W. W. Skeat. 6 vols. Oxford. 
 Cooper. Thesaurus. 
 
 Cotgrave. French-English, and English-French Dictionary. 1673. 
 Fifty Earnest EngUsh Wills (E. E. Wills). Ed. Fumivall, E.E.T.S., 
 
 1882. 
 HalFtviell, J. 0. Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words. London, 
 
 1855. 
 Levins, P. Manipulus Vocabulorum (A Rhyming Dictionary of 1 570). 
 
 Ed. Wheatley, E.E.T.S., 1867. 
 Minsheu. Guide into Tongues (A Dictionary of EngUsh and five other 
 
 tongues). 1626. 
 Nares, Robert. A Glossary of Words, &c. London, 1859. 
 PaUadius on Husbondrie (circa 1420). Ed. Lodge and Herrtage, E.E.T.S. 
 Palsgrave. L'esclarcissement de la langue Francoyse (Copius Dictionary 
 
 of 1570). Ed. Gu&in in 1852. 
 Percy Folio Manuscript. Ed. Hales and Fumivall. 
 Promptotium Paroulorum (Engl.-Lat. Dictionary, 1440). Ed. Way, 3 vols., 
 
 Camden Society, 1843-65, and Mayhew, E.E.T.S., 1907. 
 Skeat, W. W. Concise Etymological Dictionary. Oxford, 1 901. 
 Stratmann-Bradley. Middle English Dictionary. Oxford, 1 89 1. 
 Tusser. Five Hundred Points of Good Husbandrie (i 580). Ed. Payne 
 
 and Herrtage, E.D.S., 1 878. 
 Wright-Wiilcker (W.W.). Anglo-Saxon and Old English Vocabularies. 
 
 Trttbner, 1884. 
 
 d 
 
GLOSSARY. 
 
 a b C es, Primers and. 4. The interesting form " a nabse ", = an ab c, occurs 
 in a fifteenth-century Nominale. W.W, 719. 40. 
 
 Aglets for Kynges. 9. Tag of a lace. Prompt, "a^/e/ — acus"; Palsgrave, 
 "Agglet of a lace or poynt — also bracelet." Cp. Levins, 86. 23, 
 " Aglette bracteolum " ; cp. also Wheatley's note in Manipulus, p. 34I, 
 in which he quotes Huloet, " Aglet or lyttle plate." 
 
 Alblades. 56. Perhaps a form of arbalest. 
 
 Aundyrons. 23. Fire-dog. Not a corruption of i&a/u/iron, but genuine 
 M.E. word from O.F. anJier, Late Lat. anderius. Cp. Prompt. 
 aundirin. In fifteenth-century vocabularies the word is common in 
 various forms. The following are all taken from W.W. aundyre 623. 
 13 ; awndym 728. 8 ; aivndyren 657. 8 ; aneSre 564. J and 590. 33 ; 
 and lastly in the form handym in the Pictorial Vocab. 770. 2. 
 
 Bee beetles. 13. (Rhymes with theues and sleues.) Beehives. See 
 below under Heeues. 
 
 Beetyls and wedges. 28. "Bitde" or heavy wooden mallet. The 
 association with " wedges " shows that the word is used precisely with 
 the modem sense. The O.E. forms are bietl and betl. The latter, 
 non-W.Sax. form, is the ancestor of modem "beetle", while the former is 
 perhaps that of "bittle". The word is related to " beat ", and we may 
 assume a primitive Hautil. " No season to hedge, get beetle and wedge, 
 Tusser, No. 20, v. i, p. 59. 
 
 Billemennt. 9. " Habiliment." Forms with and without h- existed in 
 M.E. The above represents a fonn abillement. For the loss of the initial 
 a- from such a form cp. Poticary below, and such M.E. forms as fitiil 
 "episde", and postel "apostle". Billaments occurs in the Ballad of 
 Younge Andrew, 1. 66, Percy Folio MS., Vol. II, p. 330. 
 
 Billit clyuers. Pref. 82. " Block cleavers." 5«/rt="tedula" occurs in 
 Prompt. " For charcole and sea cole, as also for thacke, for till wood 
 and billet, as yeerlieye lack." Tusser, No. 53. 12, p. 119. 
 
 Billits, beetyls and wedges that good billits makes. 28. " Block of 
 wood," cp. preceding word and Beetyls above. 
 
 Biskit. 37. Cp. "cheese with fruite on the table set, with Biskettes 
 or Carowayes" in Seager's Schoole of Vertue, 1557, see Babees Book, 
 &c., ed. Furnivall, p. 343, 11. 388-9. 
 
GLOSSARY. XXV 
 
 Boultel. 26. Apparendy related to bolt, "sift," from O.F. bulter. 
 Halliwell has Buttle, " bran — North." The context suggests that this is 
 the sense in the text. Bulte, " sift," is a common word in M.E. and 
 Early Modem English. Cp. Catholicon; also in fifteenth-century 
 vocabulary, W.W. 663. 31. Bolted, "sifted," Tusser, No. 67, v. 2, 
 p. 152. Bultyng cloth is also common ; cp. Catholicon and Wheatley's 
 note; also W.W. 663. 25, bulte cloth. The word BuUel is mentioned 
 by Wheatley, Catholicon, p. 47, from J. de Garlande, to which I cannot 
 refer direct. Cp. also Chaucer — " But I ne can not bulte it to the bren," 
 Nonne Preestes Tale, 420. 
 
 Bovrgets and bottels. 29. A kind of leathern bag or portmanteau. 
 Halliwell quotes Elyot, " hipjx^ra, a male or bouget." The Modern 
 form is budget. Bottels in this connexion obviously means receptacles of 
 leather. Cp. also Levins, 86. 25, "A Bouget, scriviolum." 
 
 Bowyers. Pref. 99. " Bow-makers." Cp. bowere, W.W., bowiares 
 R. of Glos., 541, cit. Strat.-Bradley. Reference also in Halliwell. 
 " Arcuarius, a lawyer " occurs in a Lat.-Engl. Vocabulary of fifteenth 
 century, W.W. 566. 23. 
 
 Brembils, fine shuttels, &c. 43. Brembel, brimbel, brimUl are M.E. 
 forms of " bramble", O.E. bremel, but this makes little sense in associa- 
 tion with " fine shuttels ". 
 
 Broyderers. Pref. 67. Broiderer occurs Prompt, and in WyclifFe, 
 2 Kings xxi. 19, see Strat.-Bradley. The usual M.E. form of the verb 
 is brouden, and the sb. browder'te occurs WyclifFe, Exodus xxviii. 39. 
 '•'■ Broderer acufrictor" occurs in fifteenth-century vocab., W.W. 562. 2. 
 
 Bunnes, simnels, &c. 3 1 . An early example of this word. See its 
 etjrmology in Skeat's Concise Etym. Diet. Skeat gives example from 
 Minsheu, which is considerably later than our text. An example 
 practically contemporary with our text is from Russell's Book of 
 Nurture, Babees Book, p. 130, 1. 211, " no loof ne bunne," &c. 
 
 Burch rhymes with Church and lurch. 58. The tree. There is little 
 doubt that the spelling is altered from the normal Ureh on account of the 
 words with which it rhymes. It was common in the sixteenth century 
 to change spelling in order to make a " rhyme for the eye " as well as for 
 the ear. There are dozens of examples in Tottel's Miscellany, and 
 hundreds in Spenser's poems. Cf. the advice on this point given by 
 Puttenham in the Arte of Poesie, pp. 94-5, in Arber's Reprint. See 
 remarks under WUght below. The spelling burche occurs W.W. cit. 
 Strat.-Bradley. 
 
 Burrall glasse. 61 . This stands for berell, " beryl," the precious stone. 
 
xxvi DIVES PRAGMATICUS. 
 
 but is also applied to a fine kind of glass in the fourteenth and fifteenth 
 centuries. Cp. Way's note in Prompt, p. 32, and Tyrams's note in Bury 
 W. and I., p. 247. John Baret of Bury in 1463 leaves "to my 
 maistresse Clopton, a spoon of berel harneysed and gamysshed with 
 silvir and ovir gilt ", and he mentions two other spoons of berel or bereel. 
 Cp. also Levms, 124. 12, " Beril, cristal, glossum." Palsgrave has 
 " 5era/ fyne glass — ^beril". As regards spelling cp. "my best sylver 
 salt with the Cover havinge a borrall in the bottome " in the will of 
 Agnes Hals, Bury W. and I., p. 144. 
 
 Camericke. 8. "Cambrick"; named from the town of Kamerijk 
 (Skeat). 
 
 Cappers. 50. "Cap-makers." Occurs, according to Halliwell, in 
 Chester Plays, I. 4; also in Minsheu and Miegl. The word doubtless 
 survives in the family name Capper, which is thus a trade name like Baker, 
 Breiver, Taylor, &c. Bardsley, Engl, and Welsh Surnames, gives 
 examples of the name k Cappere in Oxford as early as 1 273. 
 Palsgrave has "Capper — bonnettier". 
 
 Carders. Pref 64. In a fifteenth-century Nominale Carder is given 
 under the heading Nomina Artificum Mulierum as the English of 
 Carpetrix. Cp. W.W. 692. 32. Levins has "to Carde ■wol, carminare, 
 pectere", 30 A. Palsgrave has "Carder of wolle — cardevr". 
 
 Cases for Crabs, Creuesses, and Cranes. 62. Levins has "ye Case 
 of a bowe, casa, theca", 36. 35. 
 
 Cearces. 26. " Sieves." Halliwell Ijas " Searcer, a fine sieve ; a 
 strainer". Cotgrave has Searce, "Sas, tamis. An extraordinary fine 
 searce, cicobrin." Levins has "a Cearce, incemiculum ", 21 1. 7. 
 
 Chaffers. 21. A kind of stove (?) or chafing-dish. Cp. Chafor, 
 " calefactorium ", Prompt. Cotgrave has Chafer, " coquemart," The 
 will of John Baret of Bury mentions "a litell chafour with a veyl and 
 lid of laton". Bury W. and I., p. 23. 
 
 Cheape. " Fyrst cheape and then bye." 22. Halliwell gives under 
 cheapen " to ask the price of anything " on the authority of Heywood's 
 Edw. IV (p. 66), " I see you come to cheap and not to buy." Also 
 Palsgrave, " I cheape, I demaunde the price of a thing that I would buy." 
 This is clearly the sense in the text. Later cheapen meant to beat down 
 the price, cf. Bailey's Dictionary. Halliwell's passage shows the 
 sixteenth-century usage, Cotgrave has " To cheapen, barguigner, mar- 
 chander, demander le prix ". 
 
GLOSSARY. xxvii 
 
 Christen. Pref. 25. Cristm is the regular O. and M.E. form of 
 Christian, generally used adjectivally. 
 
 Clarkes. Pref 46. Note spelling, which is now confined to the family 
 name, though it represents the type of pronunciation from which the 
 Modem English polite pronunciation is derived. The modern spelling 
 ckrt really represents a pronunciation to rhyme with lurk. 
 
 Clyme (ob.). 73. Halliwell gives " to call or challenge " under cFm, but 
 gives no reference. 
 
 Clyuers, Billit clyuers. Pref. 82. "Wood-chopper" or "splitter"; 
 form of cleaver. Halliwell has " Oliver, a chopping-knife ", as a modern 
 dialect word (" East "). Cp. also Levins, " to Clyfi, scindere," 117.30. 
 
 Collers Seles. 34. Halliwell has " Seels, the wooden exterior of the 
 collar of a cart-harness ". This is evidently our word, as a reference to 
 v. 34 will show. As to the etymology of the word, there is no precise 
 fonn in O. or M.E. recorded from which the modem word could come. 
 On the other hand there is O.E. sdgol, " rod," " cudgel," and there is 
 M.H.G. seigel, " rung of a ladder." We might assume primitive *saigil, 
 O.E. *sagd, *scel in the sense of " strip, spar ", &c. This would give 
 our form. Promptorium has " Sel, horsharneys." Cp. also Mayhew's 
 note. Palsgrave, " seale, horse harnesse." 
 
 Costardmongers, that by the way go. Pref 80. The early form of 
 " costermonger ", really an apple-seller. Skeat suggests O.F, coste, " rib 
 — the ribbed frait"; monger is O.E. mangere, "merchant." Cotgrave 
 has " costard pomme Apple ", and " costardmonger fructier ". Palsgrave, 
 " Costardmonger, — frayctier." 
 
 Countours. 1 7. Probably a kind of table ; cp. " my countyr stondyng 
 in the new hall " in the will of Anne Baret, Bury W. and I., p. 98. 
 Cp. also " a tabyl called a counter " in Prompt. 
 
 Crackenel ; cakes, loaues and. 3 1 . An early example of the word. 
 Minsheu has " Cracknel, a kind of cake, and baked hard so that it makes 
 a noise when you break it" ; Cotgrave, " A cracknel, craquelin, gaufFre." 
 Also in Boorde's Breuyary (l 552), " cracknelles, symnelles and all maner 
 of cmstes." Cp. Introduction of Knowledge, &c., ed. Furnivall, 
 E.E.T.S., p. 80. Palsgrave, " Cracienf//— craquelin." 
 
 Creuesses, cases for. 62. The old form of the word which was later 
 altered to crayfish. The M.E. form is crevis (Strat.-Bradley) from O.F. 
 escrevisse, crevisse. Minsheu gives Creuisse, Craifish, or Crab. Levins, 
 " A Creuisse, fish, cammarees," 1 43. 28. Palsgrave, " Creves a fysshe — 
 ecreuice." 
 
 Crewell. 16. " Thin worsted yarn. Origin unknown," Skeat. 
 
xxviii DIVES PRAGMATICUS. 
 
 Crotches to buyld vp a Bower. 26. "Crutches poles." Halliwell 
 gives '■^crotch, a crutch". Cp. Tusser, "Give charge to the hewers 
 (that many things mars) to hew out for crotches, for poles and for spars." 
 Tusser, No. 35, v. 16, p. 79. 
 
 Cubbords. 17. Note the spelling, which shows the pronunciation to 
 have been like that of the present day as regards cub- for cup-. The 
 form cupbord is found in the fourteenth century. Allit. P. 1 44O, cit. 
 Strat.-Bradley. The spelling cubhorde occurs p. I J I of Bury W. and I. 
 in the will of 1 558 of Andrew Cranewise. 
 
 Cumfects. 37. "Comfits, sweetmeats." An etymological spelling. 
 O.V. Confit; cp. cot^ect-vm-er, &c. Palsgrave, " Com^fe swete spyce — 
 confite." Cp. also Russell's Book of Nurture (fifteenth century), Babees 
 Book, p. 122, " Careaway in f om/5''''" 
 
 Cunnies. 40. " Rabbits." Palsgrave, " Cony a beest — conin." Comes, 
 Tusser, No. 63, v. 10, p. 142. 
 
 Delyght. Pref. 30. The sixteenth-century spelling for M.E. JeB/e. 
 The -gh has no liistorical justification, and was apparently added to make 
 an " eye-rhyme " with such words as rigit, might, &c. The spelling is 
 common in the works of Surrey, Wyatt, Spenser, and their contem- 
 poraries. See note under Burch above on alterations of spelling. 
 
 Deuyne. 2. Evidently " divinity " here, Halliwell attributes the use 
 of the word in this sense to Chaucer, but gives no reference. Skeat's 
 Glossary of Chaucer's works gives no indication of this usage. 
 
 Deuyse, vb. set forth, show. Pref. 66. A common use in Chaucer. 
 
 Dizsours or Dijsours. 46. Minsheu has " Disord, a doltish or foolish 
 fellow". Cotgrave, "Jizzar^lourdant". Levins has "A iJjizfr/, player, 
 histrio", 82. 39. Palsgrave has the form of the text, " iJ/jjar a scoffer 
 — saigefol." 
 
 Estrich fethers. 14. "Ostrich." In a Lat.-Engl. Vocabulary of the 
 fifteenth century occurs " Fungus, a ffynch, vel an Estrich secundum 
 quosdam." See W.W, 585. 22. 
 
 Fannes. 28. Evidently winnowing fans. Tusser in his list of barn 
 requisites has " flaile, strawforke and rake, with a fan that is strong," 
 No. 17, V. I, p. 35 ; thus giving practically the same series of articles as 
 Newbery. 
 
 Fetherbed dryuers. Pref. 82. Apparently a recognized trade. The 
 fifteenth-century Nominate gives among women's trades, " siccatrix, a 
 dryster." W.W. 692. 34. 
 
 Fillets. 13. Minsheu, " /5//rf or Haire-lace "; Cotgrave, " Fronteau, 
 fiUet frontlet, forehead cloth." Cp. also Jrontlet below. 
 
GLOSSARY. xxix 
 
 Flaskets. 24. Levins has "AFlasiet, lintearium, viminaceum ", 86. 33. 
 
 Fletchers. Pref. 99. Boyers, Fl.— " arrow-makers." Catholicon has 
 "a Fletcher, flectarius, plectarius ". Palsgrave, '■^ Flecher — artiller." 
 
 FfTintlet. 13. Minsheu has "Frontlet or fronstall of a woman's fore- 
 head". Palsgrave, "Frontlet — fronteau." 
 
 Furbushers. Pref. 79. " Clauers of Armour." A recognized trade. 
 Cp. "eruginator, aforbushere", among the trades, in a vocabulary of the 
 fifteenth century, W.W. 652. 14. The proper name Frobtsher is of 
 this origin. It also occurs as Furbisher, and Furbishaw. Cp. Bardsley, 
 Engl, and Welsh Surnames. He cites " Thomas le Furbisur " in a 
 Yorkshire document of 1379. Levins has "to Frubbish, fricando 
 polire ", 1 44. 20. 
 
 Fustien of Napell. 8. " Fuityan, cloth, or fusteyn," Prompt. Catholicon 
 has "Fustian fuscotinctum ". Levins, " /uj/ion gossopiurum," 165. 20. 
 Palsgrave, " Fustyan — fiitaine." 
 
 Geare. Pref. 52. " Outfit." Palsgrave, " Gere clothing— abillemens." 
 Geuer. Pref. i. Palsgrave has this form of the word in "gevyng over 
 a thyng ". 
 
 Grayne, cloth of. 7. Dyed doth. Chaucer has in greyn — " So depe 
 in greyn he dyed his coloures," Squieres Tale, 511, which Skeat interprets 
 " of a fast colour ". See Greyn in Glossary of Skeat's large edition. 
 Palsgrave has " Grayne to dye with whan it is poudre — pastel ". 
 
 Graynes, long pepper and. 38. Palsgrave, " Graynes spyce — grainede 
 paradis " ; cp. also Russell's recipe for making Ypocras in Babees Book, 
 p. 126, " Graj(«« of paradise," 1. 137; also same page, 1. 14 1, "GrayBW, 
 gynger, long pepur," &c. 
 
 Gjrrt webbes and Gyrtes. 45. " Girth-webs and girths " is a familiar 
 combination in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. See N. E. D. 
 
 Halfehakes. 31. Catholicon, p. 1 70, has " an ^ai bidens ". See also 
 Herrtage's note. Levins has "An Hack, mattock", 5. 10. Halfhale 
 may be a kind of pickaxe with only one point, for breaking up stiff 
 land, and grubbing up roots, &c. 
 
 Harcabushes. 3 1 . Popular form of arquebus. 
 
 Hardel. 28, Apparently " a hurdle ". The Mod. Engl, form is a 
 southern type O.E. hyrdel; the form in the text may well stand for tlie _ 
 Kentish herdel. This form without the change of e to a before r is 
 found in the fifteenth-century Pictorial Vocab., W.W. 8 1 4. 6 — "cratis, 
 a herdylle." It is worth mentioning that the entry immediately before this 
 in the Glossary is " Palus, paxillus, a fold stete". In our doggerel we 
 
XXX DIVES PRAGMATICUS. 
 
 have the phrase "■ hardels and stakes", v. 28. The combination is 
 sensible enough, as the former would be of little use without the latter. 
 Levins has "An Hardel crates lignea", 55, 46 and 31. 19. This 
 form is rather remarkable from a Northerner. Palsgrave also has 
 "/Tar^f/— claie". 
 
 Heeues, Bee-. 13. "Hives." This is a clear Kentish form, from 
 O.Kt. *hef; W. Sax. lyf. The Mod. Engl, hive is from the 
 Midland type with unrounding of O.E. y to i m M.E. The pro- 
 nunciation in the text is made certain from the rhymes heeues, theues 
 " thieves ", sleues " sleeves ". 
 
 Hether. " Hither." End of nearly every verse. 
 Hooyes, " Shippes, hulkes," &c. 64. 
 
 Hosen. 11. O.E. hosan. Probably a kind of gaiter. Palsgrave, 
 " Hosyn and shossys — chaussure." 
 
 Humbled, ould humbled heeles. 52. 
 
 Inky 11. 16. "A kind of linen tape, formerly much used for various 
 purposes," N.E.D. 
 
 Irish Dartes. 33. Professor Kuno Meyer informs me that the Irish 
 are always represented in mediaeval drawings as carrying two darts. 
 This was apparently a national weapon. 
 
 Jets. 55. Levins, "A let or toy, gestus, jocus," 85. 45. 
 
 Kayjens. 38. Cayenne pepper. 
 
 Laced mutton. 36. Evidently a slang expression of the period. 
 Cotgrave has " Laced Mutton, Garse, putain, fille de joie " ; cp. mutton in 
 Cotgrave. This is one of Thomas Newbery's jokes. See the 
 context. 
 
 Lattin and brasse. 20. A common metal in mediaeval times. Bradley 
 says (sub Laton) "a mixed metal similar to brass". It glosses 
 auricalcum in the Pictorial Vocab., fifteenth century, W.W. 768. 2, 
 where it is spelt latun, also in another fifteenth-century vocab., W.W. 
 567. 5, where it is spelt latoun, and again in W.W. 653. 15 latone. 
 John Baret of Bury in 1 463 mentions "my candelstykke of laten with 
 a pyke" in his will, cp. Bury W. and I., p. 19. Levins has " Lattin 
 aurichalcum ", 134. 6. 
 
 Lauers. 21. " Lauacrum a /awr " occurs in fifteenth-century vocab., 
 W.W. 592. 2. Cp. also the will of Wm. Honyboom, 1 493, " my best 
 hangyng lauour stondyng in my parlour," Bury W. and I., p. 82 ; also 
 ibid., p. 146, " my leyver of siluer parcel gilt " in the will of Agnes Hals, 
 1552. Levins has "A lauer, lauacrum, imbrex", 74. 40. Cp. also 
 
GLOSSARY. xxxi 
 
 Baret, cit. Wheatley, Manipulus, p. 301 — "a laver or an ewer out of 
 which water is poured upon the hands to wash them." 
 
 Leames, Collers, Cupples. 47. 
 
 Lese. 68. " Lose." An archaic form, O.E. kosan, M.E. lesen, frequent 
 in Chaucer. 
 
 Limbecks. 30. Palsgrave, " Z,«niyiftf for a styllatory — lembie." 
 
 Lockeram. 8. Tymras in his notes to Bury W. and I., p. 259, says 
 that this was probably a coarse kind of linen. Agnes Hals of Bury in 
 1554 leaves to " Mother Huntman, a new vayle and a locierom kercher ". 
 Bury W. and I., p. 1 47. 
 
 Long pepper, Graynes. 38. Z.o«^ /«/fr occurs in a fifteenth-century 
 Lat.-Engl. Vocab. as the equivalent of Piper longum, W.W. 603. 4. 
 Cp. also longe peper, Bk. of Keruynge (1508) in Babees Book, p. 267 ; 
 further, Babees Book, p. 126, 1. 141, '■'■Graynes, ginger, longe pepur," &c. 
 
 Lukes, veluet of. 6. Made at Liege (Du. Luiksch f. Lutk). " A 
 jaket of fyne lukes velvet," 154S, Lane. Wills, ii. 63. 
 
 Lurch. 58. A discomfiture. 
 
 Lye pots. 4I. Levins has "Lye for washing, lixiuium", 99. 7. 
 
 Males, pattrelles, and. 54. " Wallet, portmanteau." See the fifteenth- 
 century vocab. W.W. 656. 10, where we find " male " as the equivalent of 
 " mantica ", and again W.W. 665. 1 5. Prompt, has " male of trussynge 
 ^d caryage, mantica " ; Levins, " A McJe, mantica," 1 7. 5. Palsgrave 
 has " Male to put stofFe in — masle ". 
 
 Marmalade. 37. Levins has " Marmalad, spice, meloplacus ", 8. 45, 
 and " Marmalet, melaphacus", 93. 21. 
 
 Maundes. Pref. icxj. Catholicon has " Matvnde escale, ubi mete 
 vesselle ". Minsheu has " a Maund, or great basket ". Cotgrave has 
 " Mound panier, corbeille ". 
 
 Mayles, Claspes, Eyes, and. 55. Palsgrave, " Mayle that receyveth the 
 claspe of a gowne into it — ^porte." 
 
 Millions. 17. "Melons." Palsgrave, " Myllon a. ftnte — melon." Cotgrave, 
 "A Million (or melon) Melon." Minsheu has "Milan vi Melon and 
 Pompion ". Tusser has " Musk million ", p. 94, No 40, 1. 8. 
 
 Moates, hosen without, n. Palsgrave, " ilfofe on a gowne or garment 
 — povtie." 
 
 Moule spades. 29. A spade for digging up moles, evidently the 
 same implement that Tusser calls a " sharp moulspare with barbs, that the 
 mowles do so rue", Tusser, p. 38, v. 18. Possibly j/a^ie in our text is 
 a mistake for j^flr^= spear. 
 
xxxii DIVES PRAGMATICUS. 
 
 Muflers. 12. Levins, '■'■Muffler, focale," 75. 31. 
 
 Myghts= " mites." Pref. 88. For spelling cp. remarks on Might above. 
 
 Mutton, see Laced mutton, ante. 
 
 Mylners. Pref. 83.. "Millers." O.E. myhere, M.E. milner; cp. 
 Catholicon — "a iWi'/nw molendinarius ". 
 
 Nayle pearsers. 43. 
 
 Neuerthrift. 69. " Ne'er-do-weel." 
 
 Occupyeng, sb. occupation. Pref. 23. Palsgrave, "Occupyeng of the 
 mynde"; Cotgrave has "An occupying occupation; Nfigoce." 
 
 Occupyers. Pref. 32. " Those whopractice certain conduct," Cotgrave, 
 "The occupier (or possessor of a thing)." 
 
 Owches. 9. " A stud or setting for jewels of Miy form or material." 
 Cp. Tymms, Bury W. and I., p. 247 ; also cp. ibid., pp. 36, 37, where 
 we have " a litil no-wche of gold ", and " an nonuche of gold ". Minsheu 
 has "an Ouche or brooche". In the will of the Countess of Warwick, 
 1 439, mention is made of " myn oyche with my grete diamond, and my 
 Noych with my baleys ", E. E. Wills, p. 1 1 8. 16. 
 
 Panyers for Pedders. 45. Catholicon has " A Panjar opoferetrum, 
 canistrum, cartallum, calathus ". The word: occurs as early as Trevisa's 
 Higden ; cp. Herrtage's note in Cathol. Palsgrave, " Pannyer a basket." 
 Cotgrave, " A. pennier, Panier, corbeillon." 
 
 Partlets. 13. " The loose collar of a doublet, to be set on or taken off 
 by itself," Tymms, Bury W, and I., p. 259. See also the will of 
 Agnes Hals, ibid., p. 146, "my best Yehetpartkt." Levins has "Parilet 
 strophium", 87. 7. Earet, cit. Wheatley, Manipulus, 317, has "A 
 neckerchiefe or partlet, strophium ". Cotgrave has " Partlet gorgias, 
 gorgerette." 
 
 Pattrelles and Males. 54. Paytrelle and Paytrylle occur in fifteenth- 
 century Glossaries, W,W. 628. 7 and 665. 36 respectively, in both cases 
 =antda. The editors explain the word as " the strap across the horse's 
 breast" and refer to the Ballad of True Thomas-^-" His pajrtrelle was 
 of a rialle fyne, Hir cropur was of arapS," &c. Cp. W.W., p. 628. 
 Levins has " A Paytrel, antilena", 56. 37, and Palsgrave, " Peytrell for 
 a horse, poietrail," and also "poytreU parte of an horse hamesse ". 
 
 Pastclothes. 1 3. 
 
 Pastour. 60. Pasture. 
 
 Feckes. 28. A measure, cp. " Batus, a bushell vel secundum alios trium 
 modiorum a pecie," W,W. 567. 43. Palsgrave, " Pecke a measure — 
 quart." 
 
GLOSSARY. , xxxiii 
 
 Pedders, poulters and— that ryde day and nyght. Pref, 57. Catholicon 
 has " a Pedder (A Pedare or A Pedlate), revoltis, negociator." Peoddare 
 is found as early as Ancren Riwle ; cp. Herrtage's note in Catholicon. 
 Levins has "a Pedder, circuitor". TusSer has "packsaddle and ped" 
 which is a kind of basket. Tusser, No. 17, v. 5, p. 36. 
 
 Pedlers. Pref. 61. For early use see Catholicon forms of preceding 
 word. Palsgrave, Cotgrave, and Minsheu all have Pedlar. Cp. also 
 Herrtage's note to Pedder in CathoKcon. 
 
 Peeles, Bakers longpeeles. 25. " Baker's shovel with a flat disk at the 
 end." N.E.D. O.F. pek; cp. "Patina, a Peek", fifteenth-century 
 Lat.-Engl. Vocab., W.W. 600. 46. On the other hand Levins has 
 "A Pule, pala, scalmus", 59. 21. 
 
 FeOknyues. 40. This word is found in the fifteenth-century Nominale 
 W.W. 682. 21, " Artavus a. penkn^jfe." 
 
 Petltiours, Like homes and. 4. "Pen cases." Catholicon has 
 "a Penner and a nynkehorne; calamarium ". The word interprets 
 pennarium in the fifteenth-century Glossaries; Pennere, W.W. 6oi. 34, 
 and pener, ibid., 682. 15. In the latter case, the word immediately 
 preceding is a home, and diat which follows, ynie, whi<ch shows the same 
 verbal association as in our text. Palsgrave has " Pwin^r and ynkehorne 
 — escriptoire ". 
 
 Fincases. 40. Levins has "A Pituase^ acicularium ", 36. 47. 
 Paltegiave has " Pyncase — esplinguette ", Cotgrave has " TaboUret — a 
 {nn-pillow or pincate". 
 
 Pinsons — Fyks. 35. Palsgrave, " Pywonj of yrohe — estric'quoy'res." 
 
 Pitpat, to tale and retale for money, pitpat. Pref. 1 6. Ready money. 
 
 Pockes for Hogs, 47. Palsgrave, " Poke or bagge." The expression 
 in the text is one of Newbery's jokes, and is a reference to "buieing or 
 selling a pig in a poke", which phrase occur? Tusser, No. 16, v. 3, p. 34. 
 
 Poinct. 10. Palsgrave has "Poynt for one's hose— esguillete " ; 
 Cotgrave has " Esguilleter to truss the potMt — Esguilfette a point — 
 Esguillette de souliers. The straps." Also "A point for the hose — 
 Esguillette ". 
 
 Pomaunders. 40. A ball of scent, originally an "apple of amber", 
 but afterwards applied to any utensil in which perfuntes were carried 
 about the person. Cp. Tymms in Bury W. and I., p. 259. On p. 145 
 ibid., in the will of Agnes Hals of Bury, 1554, rnfention is made of 
 a "pomuru&r o£ gold". Levins has " A Pomander diapasma", 80. 13. 
 Palsgrave, " Pommaundre to smell to." 
 
 Possenets. 21. A small pot or skillet. The word with slight 
 
xxxiv DIVES PRAGMATICUS. 
 
 variations of spelling occurs six times in the fifteenth-century Glossaries. 
 Cp. " uisiolus a posnet ", W.W. 724. 36. Cp. also Bury W. and I., 
 p. 151, "one fostnei to seath meat in," Will of Andrew Cranewise, 
 1558. Prompt, has " Fosnet, urcius, urciolus ". Levins has " Postnet, 
 urceolus", 87. 20. Palsgrave, "Posnet, a lytel potte"; Baret, cit. 
 Wheatley, Manipulus, p. 323, "A posnet, or sekllit, chytra." 
 
 Pottels. 29. Two-quart measure. The fifteenth-century Glossaries 
 have potel laguncula, W.W. 591. 20, and the same word interprets 
 patella, ibid., 604. 26. Cp. also the Will of John Baret of Bury, 1 463, 
 "a. potel pot," W. and I., p. 23 ; also ibid., p. 97, "a quart pott of 
 pewter or of a potteU," will of Anne Baret, 1 504. Tusser, " Thencrease 
 of a pottle," No. 21, v. 12, p. 57. Palsgrave, "PotteU measure 
 — quarte." Cotgrave, "A Pottle-^Mesare, contenant deux quarts 
 Anglois." 
 
 Poulters. Pref. 52. Catholicon, "Putor Auigerulus." Levins has 
 " Pou/fer auiarius ", 76. 16,; Tusser, Pulter, No. 21. 9, p. 56; Palsgrave, 
 " Pulter — povUaillier " ; Cotgrave, " Pou/fcr Poulaillier, triballeur." 
 
 Pooyes, Pulpets and. 64. 
 
 Powle and pyll. Pref. 34. Levins has " To Pou/if by bribes, depeculari ", 
 218. 21. 
 
 Powles and pylles, such as p. and p. Pres. PI. vb. 66. 
 
 Pulpets and pooyes. 64. Palsgrave has " Pulpyt to preche in — 
 pulpitre " ; but Cotgrave under Poul-pitre has " A Lectern (high) Desk, 
 or Pulpit ; also a press for books to stand in ; also a Stage, or part of 
 a Theatre wherein Players act ". In our text the word may mean either 
 a desk, or a bookshelf. 
 
 Pursers, Bag-makers, "purse-makers." Pref. 71. " A /««»-, bursarius," 
 Catholicon. Palsgrave, "Purser — boursier," 
 
 Pyll, powle and. Pref. 34. 
 
 Quernes. Querne stockes. 30. "A J2i'f''nf molamanualis; a Queme 
 staffe molucrum," Catholicon. 
 
 Rackets. 25. Levins has "A Raciet reticulum", 37. 34; Minsheu, 
 "A rachet or raciet, reticulum." 
 
 Rax= Racks. 57. Rhymes with wax and flax. Levins has " a /iari« 
 for a crosbowe, harpax ", 5. 16, and " a /Jarie for fodder, persepe ", 
 S. 18. 
 
 Rayles. 12. "A kind of garment." O.E. hnegl. A fifteenth-century Lat.- 
 Engl. Vocab. has "Reticulum, a calle, a rayle or rayne," W.W. 607. 45 
 and 46 ; Cooper, under Reticulum, has " a coyfe or calle to weare on the 
 head ". Agnes Hals of Bury, in 1 554, leaves in her will — " to Elizabeth 
 
GLOSSARY. XXXV 
 
 Sparke Wedow — oon of my night ralles, " and to ' ' Mother Huntman, anew 
 rayk " ; cp. Bury W. and I., pp. 1 46-7. Cotgrave has " a worn aus raile, 
 Pignon"; Levins has "A ^aji/ for a woman, amictorium", 198.37; and 
 Palsgrave, " Hay/e for a woman's necke." Huloet has same entry as 
 Levins; cp. Wheatley's note, Manipulus, p. 329. 
 
 Raynes. 8. Cloth of Rennes. Cp. " peyre of schetes of Reynes " in 
 will of Lady Alice West, 139, E. E. W., p. 4. 1 5 ; cp. also Fumivall's 
 note in Glossary, ibid. 
 
 Rocks, whorles, spindelles and. 18. "Distaff." "A/Joii* (oradistafe), 
 colus," Catholicon. Palsgrave has "Rode, to spynne with, quenoille"- 
 
 Rolllng pinnes. 48. Cotgrave, " /2oZff»j'/«Bne raileau." 
 
 Ropers. Pref. 73. " Rope makers." ' ' A Raper, cordator," Catholicon. 
 (Northern form). Levins has "A Roper, restio", 76. 25. Palsgrave, 
 "Roper, a rope maker, cordier"; Baret, cit. Wheatley, Manipulus, 
 P- 333) " A^ rt^, he that hangeth himself, restio." 
 
 Rowles for past. 2 5. Same as Rolling pinnes. 
 
 Rout, the ruflyng. Pref. 108. Levins has "A Route of men, caterua, 
 turba", 228. 24. 
 
 Safegardes. 12. A kind of over-mantle. Levins has merely "A 
 Sauegarde, securitas, tutamen", 30. 42. Cotgrave has "A woman's 
 safegard — Surcot ", and under die latter — " an upper kirtle, or garment 
 worn over a kirtle." 
 
 Saultes, spoones and trenchers. "Saltcellars." 19. " Salt boxes, dishes, 
 or ceUars." Agnes Hals of Bury (15S4) bequeaths "my best syluer 
 salt with a cover", &c.. Bury W. and I., p. 1 44, and in the same will 
 occurs " the seid gilt salt with the cover ". Cp. also fifteenth-century 
 Metrical Vocab., W. W. 686. 9, " sake parapsis." Further, in Russell's 
 Book of Nurture (sixteenth century), Babees Book, p. 130, 1. 208, 
 " At the other ende of the table, a salt with 2 trenchers sette ye." 
 
 Saulters and Sopers. Pref. 93. The fifteenth-century Nominale has 
 " a saber, salinarius ", W,W. 686. 3 4. Levins has "A Salter, salarius", 
 74. 30. Palsgrave, " Salter, grencher, marchand de sel." 
 
 Scant, nothyng shal be s. Pref. 50. "Lacking." Levins, " Jf an/, rams, 
 cams," 25. 7. 
 
 Scummers. 23. Palsgrave, "Scummer, escumette." Cotgrave, "Scummer, 
 Escumeur, escnmoir." 
 
 Scuppets and Payles. 5 J. Tusser has skuppat, p. 3 8, v. 1 9. Accord- 
 ing to Payne and Heritage's note in the Glossary, the word means 
 " a spade used in draining and making narrow ditches." 
 
xxxvi DIVES PRAGMATICUS. 
 
 Seles. See Collers seles. 
 
 Seg. 53. Reeds, sedge, probably for thatching. 
 
 Sheres for Sheremen. 50. " Shears or scissors." Catholicon has — 
 
 "a pare oi Scheres, forfex." 
 Shoone. 56. " Shoes." Weak pi. form. 
 
 Simnels and bunnes. 31. A kind of cake. The word with various 
 spellings is common in the fifteenth-century Glossaries, e. g. " artocopus 
 symnelle", W.W. 658. I ; "Ortocopus a Symenel," ibid. 599. 28, &c. 
 Palsgrave, " Symnell brede." 
 
 Skeps. 28. Kind of basket. " And into skeppes newe hem haste as 
 blyve," Pallad. on Husbondrie, 190. 105. "A Skepe, canistrum, cofinus," 
 Catholicon. See Herrtage's note on the word, p. 341. Levins has 
 " A Sheppe, a measure for come ", 70. 5. In his enumeration of stable 
 furniture Tusser has " A pitchfork, a doong fork, seeue, skep, and a bin ", 
 No. 17, V. 3, p. 35. 
 
 Sleads, baskets and. Pref. 100. "Traha, a shd" fifteenth-century 
 Nominale, W.W. 724. 26. Prompt., '^ SleJe (instrument) to draw 
 wythe." Levins has "a sledde, traha", 48. 30. Palsgrave, " Skde to 
 drawe a thyng upon." 
 
 Slops, makers of. Pref. 73. Used in various senses. Lievins, "A 
 shppe, lumbare," 169. 6. Palsgrave, " Sloj^e, a night gowne." Cotgrave 
 has "A Slofpe, Haat de chausses", also " Wide slopfies, quereguerses', 
 and under the latter, "Wide slopt or Gallogaskins, great Gascon or 
 Spanish hose." 
 
 Sowse, trim tubbes for. 22. Some kind of stewed meat ; cp. ^^ so'ose 
 succidium", in the fifteenth-century Lat.-Engl. Vocab., W.W. 614. 20. 
 Sowse also occurs in Catholicon with the same meaning. According to 
 Heritage in his note on the word (Catholicon, p. 3 50) Souse was the 
 " technical name for the pickled feet and ears of a pig "- He notes 
 further that a " dark of the so-wce-tub " is mentioned in Nichol's Progress 
 of Q. Elizabeth, I. 137. Cp. Tusser's lines: — 
 
 Thy measeled bacon, hog, sow, or thy bore. 
 Shut vp for to heale, for infecting thy store : 
 Or kill it for bacon, or soiuce it to sell. 
 For Flemming, that loues it so deintily well. 
 
 Tusser, No. 12, v. 37, p. 52. 
 
 Stoppels, wickers and. 29, " Stopper for bottle." Levins, " to/^^ ob- 
 structorium," 57. 10, and Stepple, 124. 39 and 170. 12, in the latter 
 place=epistomiura. Palsgrave, " Stcppell of a botell, estoupayl." 
 
GLOSSARY. xxxvii 
 
 Suckets and Sirrups. 37. Levins, "Suciet, spice, succus," 93. 26; 
 Cotgrave, "Carbassat, wet sucket" cit. Wheadey, Manipulus, p. 347. 
 Also " Suciet, Sorte de confiture, ou dragee, a wet suciet made of (white) 
 pompion sliced, Carbasset." 
 
 Stunners, Scriueners and. Pref. 76. " Hie sitarius, a sumner," Pictorial 
 Vocab., W.W. 781. I4. Cotgrave, "A Sumner, Appariteur." 
 
 Tabrets. 49, "Kind of small drum." Cotgrave has " Tabor (or Tairrf), 
 Tabour, Tabourin, bedon, tabourinet, tabouresse, tambour". 
 
 Tappes, makers of. Pref. 85. Levins has "Tafipt, fistulum, epistomium", 
 27, II. 
 
 Testers. I4. " Part of a bed." Levins, "Tejtor, canopus," 73. 18; 
 Palsgrave, " Tatar for a bedde — dossier" ; Cotgrave, "a beds teaster, 
 del, a round teaster, pavilion d'un lict." 
 
 Toothpikers. 40. Cotgrave has "A tooth-picier. Cure-dent", also 
 " Cure-oreille, ear-picker ". 
 
 Tramels, treuets and. 24. " Tramettum, a traysus, vel quoddam genus 
 reus, a tramayk," Lat.-Engl. Vocab., fifteenth century, W.W. 617. 17, 
 18. Cp. also Will of Sir R. Cooke, Bury W. and L, p. 130, "the 
 tramely in the chimney." Tymras, p. 257, defines as "a moveable iron 
 bar over the fire to hang pots on ". 
 
 Tninkes for Eles. 52. Catholicon has " a Trunke, gurgustum ". See 
 Wheatley's note, " Truniing " in Whitby dialect, is lobster and crab 
 catching with trunk-shaped framings of wand work covered with netting, 
 &c. Prompt, has " nassa, Trunie ", and the former, according to Baret, is 
 a " wale or bowe net to take fish ". Palsgrave has " Trunie for fysshe — 
 boutique a poisson, nacelle ". 
 
 Tumbrelles. 66. " Tutibarium, a tumbrell," Lat.-Engl. Vocab., fifteentii 
 century, W.W. 6x8. 17. "Plough, tumbrel, cart, waggon, and waine," 
 Tusser, No. 16, v. 7, p. 35. Palsgrave, "Tumrell cart, tumbreau." 
 
 Tricks, chaffers, lauers, towels and fine t. 21. The adj. trick, "clean, 
 
 neat, tidy," &c., occurs in Tusser. Cotgrave has " to trick up, orner, 
 
 ajolier, ajoliver, paver, attiffer", &c. 
 Tunder boxes. 54. "Tinder box." Palsgrave, " Tw/i^ilfr ioxj, boytte de 
 
 fusil. Tunder, to lyght a matche." 
 Valances. 16. "Adobyll valaunce," Bury W. and I., p. 82, 1493. 
 
 Cotgrave, " The valance (of a bed), Les pendons d'un lict." 
 Vardyngales. 12. Cotgrave has "A vardingah, Vertrigalle, vertu- 
 
 gadin, hausse-pHe, hoche-plie". Under " Hause-eul" he has " A French 
 
xxxviii DIVES PRAGMATICUS. 
 
 Vartingale, or (more properly) the kind of roll used by such women as 
 wear no Vardingales ". "Hause-plie, A Vardingale (termed so by 
 Citizens wives)." 
 
 Vyalles. 49. Levins, " A ^M//,phiola," 13. 15. Palsgrave, " ^a//, 
 a glasse — fioUe." 
 
 Wantels for packes. 45. A rope or strap for fastening a pack to 
 a horse. Cp. " my best pack sadel withe a new ivante, and •waniyrop 
 with the best girt", &c., Bury W. and I., p. 155, 1569. Cp. also 
 Tusser's Husbandry, No. 17, v. 5, p. 36, "A panel and ivantey, pack- 
 saddle and ped." 
 
 Warbraces. 32. OngvaaWY " •warde brace" . See this word, glossing 
 hrachiaU in Lat.-Engl. Vocab., fifteenth century, W.W. 568. 36. 
 
 Wast cotes. 12. 
 
 Wasse=was. 61. Rhymes with glasse, passe. 
 
 Wickers, and stoppels. 29. "Baskets." Catholicon, "a ^/Viur, vitiligo, 
 vimen, vitulamen," &c. " Basket of •wichrs " occurs Paston Letters 
 (ann. I459). See Wheatley's note. Levins, "A-^«<:i«r, vimen," 77. 26. 
 
 Wimbils, Chyselles and. 43. " An auger " Cp. " Wymbyl or persowre, 
 terebellum," Prompt. ; " A Wymble, terebrum," Levins, 132.3. " Cart 
 ladder and •wimble, with percer and hod," Tusser, No. 1 7, v. 6, p. 36. 
 
 Whight. Pref. 38. The colour. A common sixteenth-century spelling. 
 Frequent in Spenser, occurs also in Tusser, cp. No. 15, v. 12, p. 31. 
 
 Wroottyng, Rynges for. 47. Levins, " to Wroote, vertere, depopulari," 
 178.36. 
 
^ ^■M, l iU « tL«»U«1imULI»llMJilXljmUMHLHJJWUI.liW.iUU BJ 
 
 MM 
 
 
 Ivfh 
 
 A bookc in ii^ngly 
 
 metre, of chc^reat Marchaimt man called 
 Diuff IPragmaticus ,^>ery preaty for children 
 
 to ceDe : lbl)ct:bp tl)ep map tt>e bc^ 
 
 ter,anD mo?e teaopec, cebe anD 
 
 )a)jptett)ate0anb3mp!c«« 
 
 mentes^mtbtsttio^ID 
 
 contapneD. 
 
 T)eut.2^. Leuit. 19. 
 
 0*ttBfien tHon fcllett owgljt bnto ttit ncisl&boai? 
 0? Dr^tt an? tft^ng of ^tm : Deceaue not, noi 
 
 5mp?mtei) at Eoit 
 
 Don in ailDcrfgate Crete, bv aBlevanOer 
 
 :s 
 
THEPREFACE 
 
 O D t^e great geuer,of tertite ant> grscej 
 
 )9atli ptanteo man dece^but fo> a (pacex 
 
 %o line anD toiearne,bf bis Docattott, 
 
 SCo rente (2DoD and mah,bT>tbeir oidinattott* 
 
 SLo bf e anD to Tel, accot&pn? to trutbi ^ 
 
 ^i)ett)ec ttbe in ageo?tn foutb: 
 
 ^omefozto traaarle, o; to labour loitb tales, 
 
 ann Tome al tt)eir l^fe, to ftuore in Tcolcs. 
 
 ^omeb? Diitintttetioett) bonouratta!>ne, 
 
 S:flbethicf of tl)ftlerffpe,in learning to raignc: 'o 
 
 9nD foHteto tbe lalo,^ grace Doetb tbem call, 
 
 9nti romc to gam rctences^as molt tmto fall. 
 
 Cds 31 baue m? cbannce nolo, a sparcbaont to btt* 
 
 %o al tbe Inbole Uio40t to bono men antifr«e; 
 
 SLo credit o; lmii,from tbii^Dap to tbat, > s 
 
 SCotale ano retale,fb}mone?pitpat. 
 
 SDobeare nolo tn? nome^t'oa to^l be glad, 
 
 ^nb tbatl^al ?ou ftnotu^botl) mer? anfe fan; 
 
 ^V name iStniel?^ lituesfrdgnatitrnt 
 
 j^manricbanbiKtri',1uitbtbpnge0A/«ii/f«i. ^° 
 
 ^o?ffone,pearle,o.} golo, aaio albp noesof ltiar», 
 
 i^one tjpon cartfi^Uiit^me cancumpare: 
 
 m^nt occnppeng is ,b? Tea ano bp lano, 
 
 $10 pon (l^all bereafter loell tmoerftanD. 
 
 5Sl Cl)2tffen and 1^atlien,of mpmarcbannb^Ce b^f, ^i 
 
 mnti 31 agapne of tbeirs, o; els | i^oulo i^e; 
 
 i^oto tnilr<^}to bpe^ana tmlp to fell, 
 
 318 a goo tli?ng(as 31 tianetiearD tell) 
 
 90f it bebfefiacco^bpng to rrgbt, 
 
 jiBotI) (I5oo anD man, in it Doetb DeIpgKit« 3° 
 
 ^ut falfe loeigbtes anDmeafures be erecrabl^ 
 
 3nD to the occnpf ers moff bampnable: 
 
 i3iro ;3fnr? ano ibtmonie,be ttjpnges as pll, 
 
 j^nD al tbat tl^ people Doetli potole anb pplU 
 
 anD as 31 bane ^aro tell b? p^Dicatton, ^ ^ 
 
 SCbaterto^on is as great abbominatiom 
 
 9s all men Me ftnofo,as loell as Doe f, 
 
 $2!lbigbt from blacfce,to Ipue 0; to D?. 
 
 ?Stlierefo)c goDreaOer,marbe toell in m?nb, 
 
 VM^ W^ of ws ne^PMS fololnetb In tt^nb: ^ ° 
 
45 
 
 ORDECLARATIOl^* 
 
 S{n«3lnaotoftbem,tnoneT?to catcl)> 
 
 ^oto cometofio tljat tut?U, 31 baueto fiifpatrt. 
 
 Cpopc,iLegatc0,o?CarDinallc8,ofmcmati)aue, 
 aaaateB foj tbeic moncp, fine plcafaunt aiiD b;iauc: 
 a3t»l^oppc0,SDcanc»,anD 2?o(tour»,of me map fpeeoc, 
 ^jieflc»,<j:iacUc»,anD^emn0,ofaltt)attbc{?nttDe. 
 ^ca,empcrour0anDl^fnge8,o} iiucetics mDe0C(e> 
 Pube0,(£acle0,ant) lLo;tDe0,tu?U TenD bntomee: 
 l5aron0,1^npgi)te0,anD &quper0,ti)atU)ace0 Doetbtuant* 
 
 5° ^jjentplmcn ano ^comen,notbpng Qjal Uefcant. 
 
 )l^)urbaiiDmen,anDCrafte0men,a0poufl)allbearCi 
 ^uft tome 0} cl6rcnD,to m? (l)op fo? gearct 
 ai ocrupaciono to mc muft refojt, 
 jHSoUupatiDtben fell, to ottjew coumfojt. 
 
 55 jai 15jeU)cro,lBaUer0,lButcl)cr0anDCrobc8, 
 
 <aip}intcr0,&tationec0, aiiD rellers of btobctf: 
 $11 i!3ouUcr0,anopcoiier0,tf)atrt?DeDap anD ni'gftt, 
 jai jFacmour0 ana oU)n?r0,tbatin monep Dcl|?jUt, 
 at^otitanc0,iic»coccr0,to mpU)vU tuclpnc, 
 
 6o ai srapftcr0, 3aintncr3,tb»tffllftb goa topnc: 
 
 ^ll^aberoa(l^ec0,peblcr0,anomaHcr0ofpinnc0» 
 fll true l)ofteUcr0,anbUaper0of'4liinc0. 
 <ai WLCbittn, !iMirauer0,&bcrrnicM a<iD fuUev8» 
 aiCacoer0,&ptnnrc0,anol^eeperi(tnpuiler0: 
 
 «5 jai SDFet0,2D?apcr0,anD 3»crcer0 Ipbeujpfe, 
 
 ai ^ii^cmcn^ano &cmellcr0, tbat 31 can ocujirfr. 
 ai l3?opbcrcr0,ZLapier0,i]Ilut»ltcr0 anDlltmncr0„ 
 fll cipbolttcr0,iBMct0,i^itrncrB anb &feinnfr0; 
 31 C!5olDfmptbc0, Copper fmftl)C0,fine 02 plapnc, 
 
 7° 3J l3lacbcfmitbe0,115laocfmitl)CB,anb C51ouer0 certainc 
 
 ^l 15ag maber0,ptirrer0,flnD turners of top0, 
 31 tuomen t)oQer0,anb makers of flops: 
 31 CoUcrmaber0,«opcr0,anb SLurners of opines, 
 31 mabcr0 of ifljets, anb catchers of j^pfljcs. 
 
 75 31 \i3cU)tcrcr0,lCpnUers,(!5laricr6,anD|^Jummcr», 
 
 31)laU)t*er0,p}o(tours>&criueners,anD&nmncrs; 
 3i<5rauer0,Carucr0.anD{Dain(tersofclotbe0, 
 3lDiccmakcrs,(rarDcpIapcrB,anDftocarcr8 ofotl[)C5* 
 31 armourers, f^ucbufljers, anb Cutlers alfo^ 
 
 *° 31 Coitarb mongers J tbat bstbetvap 0Oi 
 
 ^1 
 
THEPREFACE 
 ai i5ar'jours,1E©tljDjalDeM,anD fetlntbtti Djpucr*, 
 ^l Colli?er0,MI(9Dmallec8,atiD goD TSSilM cl^ucrs. 
 ill (!0f lncr8jSKaultftcr0,anD j^ouiiDcrs of bellw, 
 j3li5jafierj8,^ottcr0,am>mabcrBofU)cllc8: 
 ill 6)aDlcrs,g>alupcrs,anD makers of tappcs, ss 
 
 Sll makers ano D^elTers of tjats, l)(Diies,anD cappes. 
 ^1 makers of pattens, ano lantbo^nes fo? Ipg^ts, 
 Sil USellolues DOttels.anD cafes fojmf gbts: 
 21 CberurgienSj^biOctcns.tbat tjifitetl) tl)e 0(be, 
 jai makers of Ir'mcof tple, ano of bjlcke. 90 
 
 Sll SDtg0ars,tt)atoccupietb(l^ouels,mattotkes anO rabes^ 
 01 lSeapers,anti S^oiuers,of co.meanfiofb:akes: 
 )ai Sautters, anD &opers, in CitteanD CoUme, 
 ;Sl Carpars ano Carters^tbatD^pucbp anb boume. 
 Sil Colupers,anb Currtars,anD banners of leather, 95 
 
 21 ^l)(Ge makers,anbCoblers,t^atU)otkefo2al tueatljer: 
 01 ftit mafons ,ll5;ickc lasers, aitb batobers of iuallefl, 
 0i Carpenters, Jopners, anb makers of balles* 
 21 ISoUipcrs.i^ietcbrrs, anb makers of beabs, 
 21 maUeis of l})02nes,nraimbes,bafkets anb fleabs; 100 
 
 21 makers of (i51aires>ani) a>o}kers tutt^fpcci 
 21 makers of gaffes, anb builuers of U)}?er. 
 21 maheriftjfcombcs anftfo:trcrs cf Ifes, 
 21 ^pcrtade makerB,fo? bimfigbteb epcs: 
 2l?0aiftersoft]^tps,anbSparmcr0bolbe, 105 
 
 21Captat)ne0,anbfolDtours,tbatkepetban!?bolo. 
 21 matttcrs of ^uficke, anb 3(ugicrs (tcut, 
 21 placers anb ® tnftrelles, anb t!}e rii6i?ng rout; 
 21 ociuparions, nolu bnber tbe &unne, 
 
 ^0: to bebjicfe,ioitb mebaueto ticane: no 
 
 2nD tbat fi;allrou knoU),perfed:l).' anb true, 
 ^t? reabtjngtbis ba)ke,as bere after boetl) enfite. 
 
 C^nb tbus enbctb the beclaration , of tbc great ^ar* 
 cbaunt of tl)e tuo;Ib : calleb !Diues Tnimatictis, 
 
 Cliocrtfolotoetbtbefaffike, ano bis call\mg of pcopleto 
 Taleofbtsmarcbaunfi^re: tuitb a cebearfaltof 
 part of bi0 luarcs b{) name» 
 
 2.10, mw 
 
THENA'MES OF 
 
 >?&at lacftefB fir, lul>at fcfce t?ou, tuftat tot 11 pou 6^w 
 ?i-Comelj0tBcc to ma, Icobe iubat pou can fptn 
 ^ 3 ftatic to ff U of all tbrngcs Vinticc tfte §s>kvz 
 WLIjut lache rou m^ maftcrs i Come t>ctt)ci: to me* 
 
 tr 31 fiaue to fell bmbca, fo? mtn of iDtninnti 
 ^no bmkes of all laUics, moft pleafaunt and ft>rte: 
 £Df al artcsan!) ^tozvcs,atimtn\oviltnclii>ni, 
 Wiijat lacbe t!oa CDcntplman^ dome t^etlier to me. 
 
 en bauc alltlje liol^ SDo(tours,ati& otlier iuTvtttt grauc, 
 13okesofaU languages, here map poubauc: ' 
 i^abtcs anD balaDe0,faD mcrv ano b:aae.. 
 ta^at is tt tdat rou lacbe i come better to mc. 
 
 C3! haue Inke paper ano pennrs, to looe luitb a barge, 
 3Entte bo:ne0,anQ pcnnours, fine fmall ano Urge; 
 |3;tmec0 ano a b c e0,ano bflobes f>f fmall cbarge, 
 WLHt lac&e rou ^tollers i come better to me. 
 
 «E OTbat latfee i|ou gmb people i come Ijctbcr fawc ma^be, 
 WHWbvt foti inbatfeetcei^ou i fpeabe, be notaffra|>Oet 
 i^cre is to betioagbt5-<rtt^trpnsfe»*«b«fa?6e, 
 jBotf) fo? bigb anb loto, come battier to me, 
 
 C 31 6aue toarea foj Cmpcrour«,i^fng? ffitianea i SDuftcs, 
 ^s ^tone,pearle,anD (I0olD,to;(ougbt of al futes: 
 IDamafbe^^tlte, fatten, anb fine iileluet of ilubes, 
 WOtut lacfte pou, tobat bre^ou :- come betber tome. 
 
 C3I banc fine purple,&farlet,anb clotfrtf grapne, 
 i^ rencb bfflbC:»caps,batB, from ©cnite ano ^papnc: 
 i^tnebeabbanD^,necltcbanbC:.fto»ti^taubersfSpilIap«e, 
 imw lacke}?ou fpabame :> comebetberto me. 
 
 tLfWt Kapnes, fine Camenclte, 3( baueberetofell, 
 pvnt Jlatone, fine ll^ollanO, of a marfte an ell: 
 fvtit Jlocbcram, fine Canuas, anb fuff ien of /piapell, 
 ^a ijat lacfee rou mittria i Come betber tome. 
 
 31 banc 
 
ALLKYND OF WARES. 
 C 51 Hnt btllf mcnntCbjar tlctCflnc gt?;iDcIjj anD rf nffcff, 
 •£«lucbc8, b;(Dcbr0,anD fine aglets fo: l^pngcs: 
 ^nanglrs^btsfaes.clafprs, luttbtnanp gap tbingris, 
 Wl bat lacbr rou gentleman :> come b£tber to me. 
 
 C3I baueiMnne0,i)*in(tMafr0, ofgolb filke anD t\)m9i 
 5^0! all yeopleto tueare^lubat laUi boctb betpm 
 fl?t> (900 Its To Urgcnotbpng can be brOt 
 tSiuibat lacltoi'ou gcoii peoples come bttber to mc. 
 
 C^ bane fine folunrs,tloke«,iacIiet%anti roates, 
 ^pneturkins,m»bIetC^anD bofcn luitboutmoatrs: 
 fvnt baggers, anb^njPucjtjbagCpurresfoz groteSt 
 ^battacbe toumvfrienO:' comebctbcrtorae. 
 
 C3 bane fine pettcoteB,te?jtcls anstaffotfe*, 
 tmaS cotes, rafegaroes, barbpngales anb frothy 
 f^ne mufiers^anD i;arles,finel^t?;te0 anbfmorb% 
 taibat lacbc pougentvlUionian:' comebctbcr to me. 
 
 CSI banc partletv fiUetN, frnntlct^ anb fleurs, 
 i^rnc napfepns^paftclotbes, ano gtbbetCfo:tbcucBt 
 ^rlbebarbetC,fincmauitbi9,anop2eatt) li5oc bnrucs, 
 Mbat b? pon goio tuoman i Come bctber to me. 
 
 C? bane fine CEffricbfetbera, tubitebletu blacljt anb reb^ 
 holders anb ppUoUies of Sl>oU)ne,jto lap bnoer mens bcao' 
 J^^nc tetters, curtepne0,anb finecarueo bcbC 
 tiSSlbat Teebe t?ou,tDbat lacbe mou t Come betber to me. 
 
 eB baacCouerlct?^ of arras, anb fine Sapiffrtctuojfte, ,5 
 
 £pf all fozti* anD ctilloures, bitgbt fao anD Diirbc: 
 J&tat»ncD dbtbcs anb images , fromtbe great Cin^bc, 
 ^bat lacbe tsou mt fricnb i Come bctber to me. 
 
 C? baaeSlnfcf ll,Crek)elI,anb gar <[:ialnnces fint, ,6 
 
 )3annes to tuarme bebCfoitb gp;tte coiDe anD Irne: 
 ^bemoncpispourotontjanbtbctuareismpne, 
 Cemtrep fo; soar lQut,ai come bgeof mcv 
 
 13 
 
 M 
 
THEl^AMESOF 
 
 '7 ft 3[I)Atte fine CabbQ}D0:,<!roantou»,an& fine table lio;!D0., 
 
 4o\)neD fo?me0,(ta)le0,anb tceftel0,buibelcc0 ani)rtuo;D0: 
 !leebr0 ;Q[mon0 ano (IDarlrtie^nDteo #fUton0 anD(0oucO0> 
 vmi)at lacite ^ou gcoo \Dwt0i€omz better to nte. 
 
 '8 C 9 ^tmt to fell (rart)et0,(belte0,roffer0 ano locto, 
 
 3^20(1(0 ana lie^ e0:)tDbP.}le0 ()>fntiellr0 anb cocto: 
 Pyiq Core anb Capon0,1^rnne0 Cb((lten0 anb CoclUr, 
 Mlbat luarc0 boe ?ou UcBe^ com^ betber to me* 
 
 '9 c 31 banc tabte r lotbe0 fine, anb napft(n0 great anb fmalf, 
 
 ^t'nc &3tilte0,n)it)nr0 anbtrtncber0, fo; parlonc anb ball 
 jpvnc ^aper0 lti(tb (to;ir0,to naple on a tuall, 
 IMlbat lacbe ^ou mtttr(0 :* Comebetber to me. 
 
 2° CI! !)auclBaron0,<II5iDer0,ofCtn^etiJtcranb<iEilaire, 
 
 <!5rcat be(rc(0 of Copper, fine lattin anb bjatTe: 
 15otb por0panne0 nnDbetteICriicba0neuecb)a0T 
 Ml bat lacbe t?ou Qr,lxibat b^ie^ou :' come bctbeetome, 
 
 2 ' C 31 banc platter0 bplbe0, fatuc er0 anb canbleff ftfe^, 
 
 CbnfFcrsaauer0,toU)el0,ani)finetri(bC: 
 poircnet0 fcpeng panne0, ano One puoopng p?<tbf , 
 ^imbat 10 tttbat sou fesbe:'comebetbertome. 
 
 2 J C ^ baue of all tbpnge0 plenty, to fnrnrl^ a boufe, 
 
 .'Hacbe0fo2cbffire,anD trappe0fo? a ^ufe: 
 f^ne panne0 fo? mpibe, anb trim tubbe0 foj rotofei 
 /p:ft tbeape,anbtben bpe, come betber to me. 
 
 2i CJ bane ]Label0, &cummer0, 9unb7;on0 anb fpit0, 
 
 ^2ipprngpanne0,pbt bcaltr0,oulbCat0 anb mtr, 
 ^nt pieati? fine DogC ,tuttbout flea0 oj nit0, 
 ^bat lacbc toumv fneno:* come betber to wr. 
 
 H C 31 Jjaoc fier pannc0, fier fo;b^ tongC» trenctC < tramel5j 
 
 iioSs2on0,fle(^ b<Dbe0,anb bucbet0fo; U)elle0: 
 fDrougbe0,tra?e0,fiafltet0, mo;!tar0 anbpeffel0, 
 iOiabatlac^ SOX ga)b motbtfrj* come betberto mc« 
 
 3b«« 
 
ALL KYND OF WARES. 
 
 C^BTjauc UatbctMBallPd^anO all fojt( of reelejj, 
 zm iiU tartiC^Combes, anD fine fptnnvng luJjeelce; 
 llolplcs fo3 paft,anD foi liBafterss long pecUsi, 
 3! banc fo^pouc rnpnu, come Ijctljecto mc« 
 
 C 3! Iiattc fine ^tatcts , boultr l^ anD flotucr, 
 iLong poales anD crotdjcs, to fauplD tsp a liBotucr: 
 iLfmc fanD anD ttonc,to maheiuttba aCoUjcr, 
 ^Oat lacbc pou \nv maftccsr romc ftcthcirto mc. 
 
 C^ banc fincmonlo(fo,:(ra)&c£!, anD fine cutti?ngl5iiviics- 
 flrcsfoj 1a3iitrl)crfi,anDfincglairrBfo:lupucs: 
 £l9cDccinf s f02 t\atC to fljoj^cn tljrir If ucs, 
 'mi)&t lacbci'ou lufjat bucpou : vTomcbctberto ntt* 
 
 C;3!ftaiic i^anncsfojkcs anD flarlcs,il)o?t anD long rabcfr 
 ^fefpi' bi!fl)ck* anDpcfhf0, barDcls anDftafecs: 
 lBcltc0,bfftrlCanDturDgc0,tbatgeDbiUit(mabcs, 
 Mljat lacbe pou goo boufefaanDcg;' Come bctbcr to m£> 
 
 C^ftauc to fell tuater tanncs, boinget^ anD faottelsi, 
 j&boucl«,mattotb< anD S^oule fpaoca, Uiicbers f floppe (js ; 
 JCanUarDes anD mcafnt^ec , of pt nt^ quaits anO pottijl0. 
 Come fee fcj poucloue,anD b^c fo; poucmonepe. 
 
 Cf ftaue leaBes fojSDffts-.finc iLitttbetb^anDffplle«, 
 flUtierncs anDnncrncftotbes, anD great Hones fojtnpllc?- 
 l^albccDM^olareBjClubC, anD fojeftbf lies, 
 WHfnt 15 It tbat pou latbe ;■ Come fjetber to mt* 
 
 C 31 ftauc WUvne 9lc Bare f $»pDer, fimnelC anD fattnitc^ > 
 Cabcs loaues anD cratbenel*! tub<* barrel^ anD tunncs: 
 ^arcabuI^eSvV^alfebabeg,anDall fo:tcs ofdDunncs^ 
 ^bat ioaccDoe pou iacbe .-" Come betber to me. 
 
 C3 bane torell(a5unpotDDer,matrb anD gim ffone, 
 JLongbotoes,Croffe boiues,anD all tbat to tbcm gone: 
 ?!!Ilarfa:a(es,(bi»tpng gloae3,anD roDs of OTbaUs bonC;, 
 IHJbat iacbe pou pong men;- Come betber tome, 
 
 1Q,u C^lbawt: 
 
 25 
 
 36 
 
 27 
 
 23 
 
 29 
 
 30 
 
 31 
 
 33 
 
THE K AMES OP 
 
 &>polie!S ^mtllts wssii^tzlts,mi> 2iveltta» fo? Cartes; 
 mabtppcs anD lufttpftocbe0,anD cafes foj i^artess, 
 tm bat laclie sou f ap?e inagiiesi ? tome ftetber to me* 
 
 3<^ C 3! ^aue^lotnes plots trace,1^o?re ^atnis ana l^arofoes 
 
 30ackefai)iielC Collets &eles»anD wAhe^lt barrotues: 
 OB^Jti lime ano linic ttuig^fo^ torlu &tDle ano ^partoioes 
 tESi^atDoeroti lacfee ftteno t come tttber to uie. 
 
 35 CS liaueto relipinrons iF?Ies,1^mmersan& &a&)es» 
 
 ^ojfefliCDne j|iai?le0 l^alters,anD finrti^inges of ftratoes: 
 CuVdcs Ci)eefe anD Creame , anD Uttle Calttes tnaines, 
 ^cmbatDoe^ou lacke,t])batb?et?ou:'comebettiertotnet 
 
 3 ^ C 31 4aue all i^nD of tutualC^ aftuell flefl^ as fiC^, 
 
 jpplfee Butter CgC? anD one p jincipail Difl^: 
 CalleDfine laceD mntton^o? Uibat ^ou tanlutf^, 
 m bat l&ckz ron tDbat fe&e ^on itomz betber to me. 
 
 37 C 3! baue &ucbetC &trrnpC d^rene ginger anD ^arm^alaie, 
 
 IStftitCCumfieitCanD Caratuapes, asfinejaranljemaDe: 
 2b fojpotfcarp anDdProcer?, t bane all tbattraDe, 
 ^ou i^allfeof alltb^nges, tomebetber tame« 
 
 3« C as fis^ aimonD^ «ap«ns,iLong|>epper anD (Efrajne*, 
 
 JDatcs pjunes i i^utmeg^, anD goiD fptce fi>? t?our bjapwea 
 B baue all tbtnges coumfo?table,fo? tbe bad^e anD tiapnes, 
 TObat Dorpon lacke fir i" come betber to me. 
 
 39 c 3! feaoe fine Criacf e of ©enes, tbe^lngue to pjeuent, 
 
 i?pne tKH atcrs fine £Dples,of oDour ercellent: 
 i^pneddummes anDparfumeSjas euer Uias fpent, 
 WL bat lacbepon 0emteman i come betber to me. 
 
 ^ ° C 31 bane fine ^omattnDers -, fine S^oitbpikers f M'^iftltsi 
 
 ^tiicafcs iSenbnpueSjfinc B?u(bes of b^ifilest 
 5??cat acojnes foj BogCanDfo;^ Cunntcs tougl> Xbtliies» 
 Xim bat Doe pou ipant tobatlattte j?e t tflm^b^tbec to me. 
 
 abaue 
 
ALLKYNDOF VVARtSi 
 
 C 35 ftaue Upe pot^ Combes, ano fine cwIoureD tttntt-, 
 
 5j5ufUc CiuitanD Canijj!)ece,,tottl) otbec ftnete gcartJ *' 
 
 31 banc foj t'ouc purpofe, 3 P<iat? pou come ncarc, 
 
 tisitjat IS it tljat pou lacbe c-come fjetbcc to me. 
 
 C 35 Ijaac fine poufier to mafte ^ott Oeapc, ^ 
 
 fvnt ^rtl)cs ano ^ifecles, fojtCemtbatcanreape; 
 ^f d&rjnDttoncfi anD <Mbetftones , 3| baue a great htapty 
 Wilyat latbc ten boncft man ;- come betbec to me. 
 
 4J 
 
 44 
 
 45 
 
 C 31 banc bete to felU finc|5aDeIC ano SDbfmfaels, 
 ^av'lc pearfers fmall pooCCbpfelles anD TOimbtls; 
 IBIaocs.antifo; fimeauets : finelbuttelC ano Ii5;tcmbtl0, 
 Wbat boe }?ou laiia fctenb e come belbcr to mc. 
 
 Cf^ojpoIcatC anb OTejeljs, 31 baue trapped anb fnarejj, 
 5? pne bo?nes fo? ?^unter0, anb Igounbes fo? li^aresr 
 j^pnc ISu^Ies fo?<iPenti'lmen , ano K^ojfes fo? spares, 
 titbat lacftc pou fir,tubat b^c ^on f come betber tome. 
 
 C3I baaeH^ameffel^elmefs Spa^Ie cote« anb 3!acfec5, 
 iBvTthjthbea ano (lDp;tef(,$ackecIotb anb ladies: 
 aBan?ei^0 foj^ebbers, anb Ioantet«e fo? parbcs, 
 WiW lacfte.^ou Uibat b?e ^ou f come b«tbec to me. 
 
 CH baue all l^vnsts fo? 5i5arbour«,Caft» feniues f 0fo«w ,5 
 
 4t:o?l^laT?er0 anb jammers, garments anb b^rours: 
 €otk^(ombt6 ano bobC , anb gap cotes fo? 2Di?fours, 
 OT bat lacbe pou mp matters ^ come betber to me, 
 
 C 31 Ibaue l^anbes lares, l^ep tbonges anb Clogs, 
 JLeames Cbllers €upples,ano cbapnes fojSDogs; 
 ISpnges foj tojottpng, anb poctos fo? l^ogs, 
 WLW lacbe pon goib U)i?ues ;* come betber to me* 
 
 C3I bane ISoUingptnnes 5BatttlDo;is lualbbouls f llBjotne, 3 
 
 Wplo beattes anb )3appets,ret from beponb l^ome: 
 jFpne trap t ftranngc (0arIanbs,fo^ i5?pbe i ifijpbc gromc 
 Wbafiat^rowfap^emarbens :- come betber to me. 
 
49 
 
 5° 
 
 51 
 
 53 
 
 53 
 
 54 
 
 55 
 
 S6 
 
 THENAMES OF 
 
 C H "hauc lt>art)Cfl,llutes, tiapallrg, scab jctC, anfi p?pM, 
 ^t)OiicUcrg,Crattes,i9rcorkC,WagtarUs,anDg>iit7pc)s: 
 ;fyii\t leffong foj maf Ocs,to liepe tfiem fcom ftrppcs, 
 tUtiat i& tt tbat^ou lacbe :* Come l)etl)ct; to mt. 
 
 Cl 3 Ijaue IBjf OcIs,&al>tiel0,&tv?rops,atH) JTrappcrs, 
 ^bcccs fo? &l)crcmcn,fo J JLa^lour0,aitD Cappers: 
 l!5?tC»&naflc0,anD^purrcs,anti alfo bcUclappers, 
 MbaDoe rou lacfec ^^' Come ftctljcc to me. 
 
 irJ3l ftaueall itiftrumctit8,tl)atC!jcrurgfens6oct>fe, 
 %o graue oj to taruc,neU) fet from tbc feUjes: 
 ^f ^c l^ncU) tubat 31 baue,tou tuolD Uionbec anb mufe, 
 wmhiit boc row latfec:" Come be tber to mc» 
 
 C3 baue febips foi tbc fca, lBoatc5,l5arges, mttfuMtfi, 
 fyi^) b£Dfecs,anc /Iict<, anb great trunbrs fo? Cles; 
 Values fo;( all Tozes, anbfo2ou(Dbumb(eb ijecUe, 
 ^limbat Tcbc i!Ou,tubat btei^ou:' Come bctberto me> 
 
 it 3lbauc SCimbcr,2Dple,Biifbe, fetratD-,&eg,anb ttftbe 
 (25reatplentp of grat?nc,anbaUbfrTb of faDc: 
 JlasUe Uibatron Inckc, of mr. t?nii fljall furc[^ fptetie. 
 
 Wiifv be pou fo ttraunge:* Come betbec to me. 
 
 C3!baue^taple0,llBacre«,^CDfte8,ll?vnses,anblLatfbc«, 
 #t'ne&tale,anD i*^Iint,Cunbct boreB,ano99atcbe0; 
 pattrclIesanD fiBales, tuitbout pares ojpatcbcs, 
 TO bat boet?ou lacUe fir :• Come betbcr to me, 
 
 eiSaiit fuUr>ns mvK-, €'i'Icmi'l% (Mtvnb mrIC anb fa^^Ies 
 liOiT>pcs,lf^;ri>c0, lLetber,3ietC, S>ruppet6,anb^arle0: 
 aiampc blacbe foj Cnrrvers, Clafpcs,Cpe0,anb Staples, 
 TO bat lac be i'on,Uibat bye vom Come betbec to me. 
 
 C3t baiiebereto fell lBurcleg,aibIabes, anb ILaffes, 
 ^Ijoinc&hpperg, anb ISrotes, Cables anb CDaftcs; 
 i3orcs fo: juglers, anb manv fine taitts, ' 
 TObat toe pu laches Come betbcr tome, 
 
ALLKYND OF WARES. 
 
 C 3! hane^arcfojBottlccs,l.a6iicri8 ana Uar, 57 
 
 ifr»cS>aalt&opcaiU)CanDen,^!trb'3:aranoOTan 
 
 j3:onCoJcl^o?eii,l3cmpcanDfinci^lai:, 
 
 ta hat laclic pou nip mailers .-' Come ftct^ec to mc, 
 
 €i 3 banc fl?:namcnt*?mpffiiTciits,fitfo: tht Cfiurclj, 58 
 
 .f rnc l\OD* foKi)ilD:fn,of ceivIIoU) ano Icurcl): 
 iDfjbatirnotqmrUcralr, ^ajallbaucalurd), 
 teitjat Doci^ou lachc fir;- Come hetbcc to mr. 
 
 C, iBp itoDC turll Ujer ffarctuitliin tocekeg nrnc, 59 
 
 p ft a tlioufanD T haur, knif Ijp in a f f itc: 
 30f 31 fell them not all the foner, tbe loffetupll be mpne, 
 Come maftersjcome oamc6,comc bpc of me. 
 
 C J^o«fl)aIlbni»erftanti,tbat l!baiiemutl)mojf» 60 
 
 i^ acmes t^oufes 2!2nroo^ , ano'Cattell greattto;!e: 
 threat Lanoano paaour.fiom fl^ojcto fl^oic, 
 M bat latUc rou (iPentilmen ;- Come betber to me» 
 
 C3! ftanc&pttfaflfiS' maOeof ftneBnrrallglaffe, «i 
 
 flnO eaffjs from SCurfepe, tbatt»ctneuerfane toalTet 
 ^lub tbingcs as 1! banc, romo rbiapc oi I'uu palTe, 
 LcDbe bere fo; pour Ioue,come,lubat ioill \>ou b^e / 
 
 C 31 banc cafes fo;i CrabC , foj CreuelTes ano Cranes, 62 
 
 Cafes foi 99eOolues, foj j^al gates ano iLanes: 
 Cafes foj Ctitfee ftailes,anD foj laoife manes, 
 «2!!n bat Doc poulacke:' come betber tome. 
 
 C3bauerafesfo?Caftels., fo: steeples ano Crag, 63 
 
 Cafes fo2 tbe OTrnD,ani) the Uieatber tbat fras; 
 jf pnecafesfoj 3:ounges,tbat neuer agras, 
 ©abat Doe pou lacbe toques f come betber to mc» 
 
 C^ ftaue cafes foi &bippes,fo: l^)ulIles anDfojBopes, 64 
 
 Cafes foipctDetf,fo:pulpefC anDl^opes: 
 Cafes foiii]5eall^opper8,tbat murh co?ne ftrotcs, 
 leibatlacUcpoutobatbpepou/ come betber to me, 
 
THENAMESOF 
 
 Cafes fo? WXlftlt bacrsiues, anD fo: <3ai(t penncs: 
 Cared fo;t Cauesfo: Capons ano l^ennes, 
 tlS3i)at tioe ^ou lacke noU) ;> come jt^etbcc to me» 
 
 66 fT 3i tjaiie cafes fo? Cole rafees,fo? CumbjcUefi anD ^tlle« 
 Cafes fo? JLtme pttC » fo? spountapncs anD !)^#eB: 
 i^rne cafes of l^empe, fo2 fucti as poUiIes and ptiles, 
 ^!!atHitts tttijat vou lacbe ^ o? tuliiat in^U t?ou b^e ^ 
 
 67 C 3 am not able^alfe m^ ittaces to erpietTe, 
 ^eaccall^ b^itame : 31 teil ?ou ooubtleflTe: 
 1i5at bjtefl? tibus of all tb?nges,pait 31 confielTe:* 
 Raping tub^ttacbe sou i comeb^tberto me« 
 
 68 CCometomeallpoBjtbatneiulpbegpnne, 
 ianD 31 tupft boulD ^ou bp, euen bp tbe cbtnnet 
 iLbougb ^on lefe in tbe firft pcare,tbe ne« ^ou ma?lD(nne 
 31 lP?H fo be sourfrienbj come betbet to me. 
 
 69 CComefome^ou,tbatipetneuercoa!btb?pue, 
 ^iDte men ana Bojfe men,tbat.fap tbe tuap bJtJuci 
 
 fou tbat*»t^ jp^eueEtbiiftUBBte UiEiltttpae, 
 actt no b^nbof loaces^but comebetprtome. 
 
 70 ff^afte ba^be to lubome,anti iobere i?bu boe lenb,' 
 %abe b0iDe loitb lubome^ano boto ?on boefpenb; 
 j^lli^ou tbattnD0ebe,i?ouceu^llISues ameno, 
 3Lac&e no fortes of UiateS:,bitt comebetbec to m^, 
 
 * 
 
 7 ' caifo tb(s f^nll be noto, wng mtt erbo?tatf on, 
 
 SDbat }?oa fojfafee S>tce,Cai;bes,anti fo?ntcat(om 
 Sill crcelTe in apparell,ano all blafpbematton, 
 %littt lacbe notDareS:,bnt come b^tberto mz, 
 
 72 c 'SCbc onlbe^jotierbefs, feepe tbetobole from tbe bjoSeti 
 
 Wv tbt moutbes of al people, tbus baue 31 fp ofeen: 
 !JiBccauf«all ^.arcbauntes anb Cbapmen, 3!Boebetoten, 
 &tsU calljnsrtubat lacfteBou ?? come bet^w tome. 
 
ALLKYND OF VVARES^ 
 
 C2Dbu8 to toitcluoe, no further to cipme, 
 
 tEH tti) tbts ttierp 3gcS,anOp(o;te Cmpic Itpme: 
 
 5^ 02 &crnauntef) anD Cl)t'ID?eit,to paffc luttl) tb« tumCj 
 
 ^t coituentcnt le^fure^no iburt it tu^lt be« 
 
 Cl^ncff nit?tl) in mcafurcig a picafaunt tifvn^i 
 SCotujpteanoto tctsc Voell,bt ffpftes ofleatn^jng; 
 ^tmcmbtttliis tucIU a!l^outf)atbet>oun0, 
 CPtttite^cttuty and raIetuellsouctoung» 
 
 GFINIS. (5p) 2D!)oma« jlietobrrB* 
 
 73 
 
 74