I ■iv 13 "\\\ Ncv'^'^'47 m- w^>>s»:um .A...A'?1^'^1 mm^^s^ ^ immBmaiM~j:.i,ie w ^ ■ 3 1924 077 240 798 I UMar 5 1 Records of Fort SulUvsir) ^<^i.r- , , » Priijtcd for . '»",.'- Tioga Poirjt J^istorical Society /Vtl^ej^s, p€r)r)3i. 1903. Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/cletails/cu31924077240798 V '1 Order Book of Fort Sullivan AND Extracts from Journals of Soldiers in Gen. Sullivan's Armv Rclatinc' to ERRATA. \. " Nukerok's Sketch of Tioga Point," sliould appear under dia- gram on back of title page. i. Cammander-in-chief (page 54) should read Oouiiuander-in-chief. 3 I immediately trausuiittcd your account to Cougress. (Omitted after Newtown, in Washington's instructions to General Sullivan, page. 54. ) 4 The name Philip Heltes (under heading "Soldiers Buried at Tioga Point," page 55,) shouM read Philip Helter Under heading of "Soldiers Baried at Tioga Point," (page 65) Sergt. Dement should read Sergt. Demeret. ^^ t^* td?* ^^ Published at the Sugfgestion of The Tioga Chapter, DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, ^% ^% ^* ^* COMPILED FROM MSS. IN THE CRAFT COLLECTION, TIOGA POINT HISTORICAL SOCIETY . . . ty . . . LOUISE WELLES MURRAY. 1903. Order Book of Fort Sullivan . AND . . Extracts from Journals of Soldiers in Gen. Sullivan's Army Relating to FORT SULLIVAN * • • aX • • • Tioga Pointy Pennsylvania^ 1779. ^^^ t^* t^* ti?* Published at the Suggestion of The Tioga Chapter, DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, COMPILED FROM MSS. IN THE CRAFT COLLECTION, TIOGA POINT HISTORICAL SOCIETY . . . by . . . LOUISE WELLES MURRAY. 1903. GENERAL SULLIVAN. PREFACE. t^* (^* t^* After the unveiling of boulder, Oct. 3, 1903, there proved to be so much conjecture about Fort Sullivan that it was suggested extracts from journals should be published in one of our newspapers. Previous to the Newtown Centennial all these journals had been collected and copied by Rev. David Craft, and in 1897 he deposited the Mss. in our museum, with a copy of the order book, obtained in 1879, from the grandson of the Orderly. It was therefore decided to embody in one pamphlet the order book, never before published; and the extracts (though long since printed in "General Sullivan's Indian Expedition"). The whole will be valuable for reference at least to the inhabi- tants of old Tioga, and interesting, we hope, tO' all the Chapters of Daughters of the American Revolution along Sullivan's route. On account of repetition some extracts are omitted. The copy of portrait of Sullivan was pre- sented to the Tioga Point Historical Society by Mr. Charles F. Murray in 1897. The original is now in the possession of Wyoming Historical Society. The picture showing Sullivan's liouse at Durham. N. H., and his monument was obtained by the kindness of Mrs. W. H. H. Gore, member of Tioga Chapter, D. A. R., and of Historical Society. > The sketch of Tioga Point and fort, which was made originally by Lieut. Nukerck, was copied for this publica- tion by Surveyor N. F. Walker. The original, hastily made, had but three block houses not at angles. As all the journals mention four and Nukerck's sketch has proved misleading; in this sketch block houses are omitted. Sulli- van's conduct in this expedition was the subject of severe criticism, which he bore in silence, such was his love for "Washington. Washington's letters of instruction, included in this pamphlet, prove that Sullivan only obeyed orders. Major General John Sullivan was born at Somers- worth, N. H., Feb. i8, 1740, and at the date of this expedi- tion was only thirty-nine years of age. Owing to exposure during the expedition, and the condition o-f his business, by reason of his long absence, he asked leave to retire from the army November, 1779. He was, however, throughout his life, connected with public affairs. He died January 27, 1795. at Durham, N. H. The seal of our society is taken from a map made by Lieut. Lodge, surveyor with Sullivan, and in our museum are a number of lead bullets and one large cannon ball picked up within the enclosure of the Fort, the latter by Wm. Parry, Capt. John Franklin and Capt. Simon Spald- ing who afterwards settled here, were with Sullivan, also private Solomon Taladay, whose daughter is still alive in 1903. -^^1^- ORDERS AT FORT SULLIVAN. ^* »5^ «5^ From the order book of Tlionias E. Gee in possession' of Rev. Horace Gree, Itliaca, New York. Copied from the original by Rev. David Craft in 1879. * Fort Sullivan, August 27, 1779.. General Orders : Ca[)taiu of the d:iy, Myers. All persons unfit for duty are to parade, if able, in- front of the hospital to-morrovv morning at g o'clock, to be. examined by the surg-eon of the hospital. All the women in the g'arrison, excejDt those w^hO' are employed as nurses in the hospital, and those that are absolutely necessary to wash for the troops, are to be in readiness at the shortest notice to go oai board the boats for Wyoming, where they are to dra^v provisions until the army returns to that post. Returns of those that are to remain to be made out by the commanding officer of their resiDective Bri- gades, Detachments, etc., tO' be lodged with the com- manding officer of this post by to-morrow morning. Those women who can produce certificates from their officers that they are left tO' take the charge of baggage or for any other necessarj' piu'pose will be allowed tO' stay, all others who- shall presume to stay here after the departure of the boats, may be assured they will draw no provisions at this post. Colonel Antis is directed to assemble the boatmen and have the roll called regularly at Troop and Retreat beating. The troop to beat regularly at 7 o'clock in the morning. All men that are fit for duty, exclusive of the Guard, are to go on fatigue duty, until the works be completed. Guards as yesterday. * * FoKT Sullivan, August 28, 1779. Garrison Orders : Officer of tlie day, Weatliersby. Vaults are immediately to be sunk within the Garrison' at proi^er distance from the lines. Two- small and fifty- three large boats, properly manned, are to- set out this. «\-emng at Retreat beating, for Wyoming, under the direc- tion of Major Dow, D. Q. M. G. Capt. Day, with a party of 30 men is to go as an escort on board. Those women who shall presume to stay, without written per- mits as alx>ve ntentioned, may depend on being sent in an- other party of boats without provisions. All officers, sol- diers, boatmen, and others bound to Wyoming are immed- iately to draw and cook provisions to the 29th instant in- clusive, as there will be no time allowed to cook on the passage. Lieut. White is requested to do .-Vdjutant's duty to the detachment from Gen'l Maxwell's and Hand's Brigades, vice Lt. Newcastle, who is going to Wyoming. * * Head-Quarters, Fort Sci.r>rvAN, August 29, 1779. Parole. Countersign. v Capt. of the Day, Orson. On account of the scarcity of flour, the commanding officer of the Garrison is under the disagreeable necessity of reducing the daily rations of that article to ten ounces, but hoping a sufficient number of cattle are left on this ground that may be brought in, one pound and a half of beef will be issued daily and half a pint of rice per week per man. The commanding officer assures the Garrison that as soon as the boats arrive with the provision and stores from Wyoming, this deficiency shall be fully made up, and a plentiful allowance of liquor. It is expected that every officer and soldier will cheerfully submit to this scanty al- lowance of flour, rather than live several days without any, which must unavoidably be the case, unless the rations are diminished. The officers from the several Brigades are to see their men immediately completed with cartridges, and their arms kept in the best order. When the men go to rest, their arms to be placed in such a manner that in case of a sudden alarm, they can immediately turn out fit for action. Should this post be attacked, every person must be sensible there is no retreat, and to surrender to savages is worse than death. Sipiritedly tO' defend the works, to con- quer or bravely perish is the determined resolution of the commanding officer, and he has not the least doubt that every officer and soldier will stand by him tO' the last with undaunted bravei"y. For the security of the Garrison, it is of the greatest importance to complete the works as soon as possible. Tlie commanding officer therefore calls upon every officer and soldier of duty to turn out cheerfully and to give every assistance in their power. If an indolent dis- position is suffered to prevail among the troops the safety not only of the Garrison,' but of the whole army must be in danger ; as the mag^ines of the army are at this post every- thing depends upon he security of it. An exact return to be made to the commanding officer as soon as possible of e\'ery person in the Garrison. Guards as usual. * * * Garrison Orders, August 30, 1779. Capt. of tlie (lay tomorrow — M^)ol. All non-commissioned officers and soldiers in this Gar- rison who are unfit for duty are to be immediately sent to the hospital, as it is highly necessary that the sick should be separated from those that are well. After the close of this month provisions are to be issued regularly one in two days. Each Brigade or Detachment to draw together the artillery, artifices, boatmen and staff officers in their different Dq^artments respectfully, in order that the com- missary may be able to keep his accounts properly. A Garrison Court Martial to sit to-morrow morning at the President's Quarters at 9 o'clock for the trial of all such prisioners as shall be brought bdfore them. The Court Martial to consist of five members. Sub. S. O. S'ds. Details 1 1 1 23 Garrison Orders, August 31, 1779. All the boatman who arrived this day from Chemung are immediately to draw and cook two days provisions, that they may be in readiness to set out at sunset for Wyoming. The Surgeons of the Hospital are to send such sick and wounded at they think necessary or expedient by this con- nee. Guards as usual. Sub. S c. S'drs. Details 1 1 1 33 10 Head-Quarters, Fort Sullivax, September 1, 1779. Captain of the Day tomorrow — Weatherby. At a Garrison Court Martial, whereof Captain Merril was President, was tried John Emersly, soldier for stealing' and selling clothing belonging to Catherine Castner, was found guilty and saitenced to receive one hundred lashes on his bare back well laid on, at the head of the troops in the garrison and be put under monthly stoppages of half his pay until Catherine Lambertson is paid forty five dollars \vhich she paid for the clothing, and Catherine Castner is paid fifteen dollars for stockings and sleeve buttons not yet found — ^the commanding officer approves the sentence, and orders .it to be put in execution this even- ing at roll call. Details Sub. 1 Corp. 2 Soldiers 23 Head-Quarters, Fort Sullivan, Sei)teml)er 2, 1779. Captain of the day tomorrow — Orson. A fatigue party consisting of 34 of the most healthy and strongest men to be tvu-ned out to-morrow by detail- Sargeants Brown and Dugan with Corporal Lewis are to attend the party daily. The aiceman are tO' be under the direction of Lieut. Osman, who is exempted from their duty till the works are finished. Sub. K. C. Soldiers. Detail for guard 112 24 * Garrison Orders, Fort Sullivan, September 3, 1779. Officer of tlie day, Wool. Two camp colormen are to be immediately turned out from each Brigade Detachment and put under the direction of George Campbell of the 2nd Jersey Regiment. They are immediately to set about cleaning the camp from every kind of filth, they are to sink proper necessaries, to cover them daily, and , when full tO' make others ; they will be excused from all other duty, but are tO' keep their arms in good order to act when called upon. Any person or persons who may be found easing themselves within the stockades may expect immediate and severe punishment without the benefit of a Court Martial, as the comfort and health of 11 the Garrison depend much upon cleanliness, all officers are- required to attend to this order and to see that it is punctually extended. The troops are forbid crossing either of the rivers, or going beyond the front sentinels without pennission from the commanding officer, the forage master is excepted from this order, who is always o cut his grass under cover of the cannon, to see that his party take their arms, and to place proper sentinels for their security. 000 Fort Sullivan, September 4, 1779. Officer of the day, Myers. Tattoes in future cease beating. Fatigue and guards as usual. In consequence of the tattoes not being beat, the sentries are to challenge at dusk. ooo Head-Quarters, Fort Sullivan, September 5, 1779. Captain of the day, Weathersby — Adjutant, Adams. Notwithstanding previous orders, it is foiuid that many of the arms of the Garrison are all together unfit for action. Tihe officers commanding detachments from the several Brigades are most earnestly called upon to see that such arms as can be repaired are immediately taken to the Armorers for that pui-pose, and that such as cannot be put in order by them, be exchanged for better. The bayonets are to be taken from the bad arms and fitted to the good in order that troops may be completed with this weapon so essentially necessary in the defense of works. The officers in the several staff dpartments, except the Surgeons, are as soon as may be to furnish themselves, their assistants and deputies with musquets or fusees and bayonets. The Artificers are also to be furnished with arms and ammu- nition. The whole of the troops without exception are to hold themseh-es in the most perfect readiness to' turn out equipped for action at the shortest notice. In consequence- of certain intelligence of a si^eedy supply of provision, the commissary is directed to issue the usual ration of flour- and beef. Sei-g't. C. Soldiers. Details for guards 1 3 34 12 Head-Quarters, Fort Sullivan, Septemljer 6tli, 1779. Captain of the Day, Orson. Adjutant— Wliite. The troops are positively forbid making fires under any pretence whatever in that quarter of the garrison where the miHtary stores are kept. Sub. Serg'. Corp. Soldiers. Details for guards i 2 1 33 000 Fort Sullivan, September 7, 1779. •Captain of the day, McCluer — Adjutant, Adams. The commanding officer of the Artillery is required to be particularly attentive that no fires are made that will in the least degree endanger the magazine of ammunition. 000 Head-Quarters, Fort Sullivan, September 8, 1779. Captain ot the day — Wool — Adjutant, White. The commissary is directed to issue provision accord- ing to General Stillivan's order, that is, one pound of flour, one pound and a quarter of beef, or one pound of pork per ration to all persons without distinction. No spirits are to be issued without orders from the commanding officer of this garrison, except to fatigue men by an order signed by the corn'missioned officer who commands the party, the cjuantity issued to non-commissioned officers, soldiers or artificers never to exceed a gill at a time. The boatmen are immediately to unload, bale and thoroughly clean out all the boats. They are by no means to remove or make use of any of the boards, planks or other articles belonging to the boats on any account whatever. To'-moirrow morning a party is to be turned out from the fleet sufficient to bring up the boats that are drifted and ^one ashore, between this and Tyugo Plains. They are alsoi to immediately sink vaults at a proper distance from their encampment. All the horses are in future to be kept without the garrison. The officer of the day is requested to see that orders respecting the boatmen are punctually executed. A garrison court martial consisting of five members to ^it this day at the President's Quarters for the trial of such -prisoners as shall be brought before them. 13 The Brigade Major is directed immediately to make out a return of all such Captains and Subalterns as have done regular duty at this Garrison, that a proportion of spirits may be allowed them. The commanding officer ex- pects the officers unfit for duty receive necessaries from the hospital. Sub. Serg't. Corp. Soldiers. Details for Guard 1 2 1 35 (100 Head-Quarters, Fort Sullivan, September 9, 1779. Captiiiii of the day, Day — Adjutant, Adams. Returns are called for of the officers in the several staff departments except the surgeons, who are actually doing duty at this post, also of the officers of the line, unfit for duty. The officers commanding company of boatmen are once more requested immediately to make out rolls of all vinder their command, and see that they are regularly called every e\'ening and morning at the. usual hour. They are to make exact returns of all present and lodge them with Major Dow, D. Q. M. G., who is also directed tO' appoint a fan-ier, or some proper person to take care of the public horses now straying about the encampment, in order that they may be fit for service when the army returns. All the drums and fifes in the Garrison are in future to doi duty together. They are to assemble on the Grand Parade for that purpose. A canon is to be fired for Reville and Re- treat, the troop to beat at 7 o'clock in the morning. The Drum Major to pay particular attention tO' this order. The officers of the different Brigade Detachments are directed to be particularly attentive to the arms and accou- trements of their troops under their command and see that they are put in he best order by the 13th instant, when they are to be reviewed by the commanding officer of the Garri- son. Sub. Serg. Corp. Soldiers. Details 1 1 3 35 000 Head-Qtjaetbes, Fort Sullivan, Seplember 10, 1779. Captain ot the day, Myers — Adjutant, White. Major Morrison, the commanding officer of the fleet, is directed to see that boatmen immediately clean their arms and put them in the best firing order, that every man is tx.^/^ ilwi i-^ ^^■'•^- l'-^ completed with the ordinary proportion of cartridges and to be particulari^number for issuing. ■" The artificers and boatmen are to make their returns to the D. Q. M. G. The commissary is directed to issue 2 lbs. of butter to each officer of the line at this post. Was lost in Garrison, a common chest key. \\ ho- ever has found it and will return it to Lieut. Gray shall be handsomely rewarded. Details Sub. Serg. P. Clinton's 2 1 35 Maxwell's 1 1 2 2)3 000 Head-Quarters, ]m»rt .Sijxivax, .SrptcinlH'i- 1,3, 1770. Captain of the day, Wool — Adjiitnnt, Ad;uns. The rear g'uard is hereafter to have the charge of the cattle and to take their direction from Commissary Pratt. As soon as the sick from the army arrive, a return of the whole Garrison is to be made to the Brigade Major, spec- ifying those fit and unfit for duty. The invalids and all supernumeray officers that have no^ particular charg-e of baggage are to gO' to Wyoming, as soon as convenient. All women that are not absolutely necessary as nurses in the hospital or to wash for the troops are also to go down to that post. All the artificers, without exception, are to consider themselves under the immediate command of Major Dow, D. Q. M. G., and punctually obey his orders. The whole Garrison to draw each a gill of whiskey this evening, the return to be made out in detachments from Brigades, and signed by the commanding officers respec- tively. A conrt of inquiry, of which Cai:itain Tudor is appointed President, to sit this day at his cjuarters tO' ex- amine the conduct of Mr. Neilson, A. C. of Issue, respect- ing orders sent the surgeon of the hospital for wine and other necessaries. /Details Sub. Serg. Corp. Privates. Clinton's 12 35 Maxwell's 1 2 1 23 000 Fort Sulliyax. Septemboi- 14, 1770. Cfiptaiii of (lie day tomorrow, Day — Adjutant, White. A detachment of loo men properly officered, one three pounder, and artillerymen sufficient to work it, twenty small boats manned with loo boatmen under the care of Major 15 ^lorrison, to be immediately turned out, the whole to be under the command of Captain Reid. Lieut. Colbreth, from his knowledge of the guard, is requested tO' go with the party ; the troops to draw and cook two days' provision and be in perfect readiness to march to-morrow morning at sunrise. Capt. Reid will call upon the commanding officer this e\'ening for his orders. The boats are to be immediately taken round in the Tioga branch where they will be loaded agreeable to Commissary James Pratt's directions, who is to take charge oif the stores. 000 Fort Sullivan, September 15, 1779. Captain of the day, Morril — Adjutant — A subaltern, sergeant, corporal and fourteen men are to be in readiness to go as an escort to the sick ordered to Wyoming. Captain Dougherty is to turn out fifty boat- men to man ten small boats and to proceed with them to that post ; the whole are to be under the particular direction of Lieutenant Asman (Ashman or Osborne). The sur- geon of the hospital is to make a return of the sick and wounded this day by two o'clock, all who are most likely to continue unfit for duty are to go down with the boats. The supernumerary commissaries, Neilson and Gibbons, are ordered to Wyoming not to return, as there is no busi- ness for them to transact at this post. All supernumerary women are also directed to go by this opportunity to that post, agreeable to the orders of the 13th instant. All per- sons ordered to Wyoming are to draw provisions so as to make up two days, exclusive of this day, and cook it this afternoon, so as to be in perfect readiness to set out to- morrow morning precisely at sunrise. 000 Head-Quarters, Fort Sullivan, September 16, 1779. Officer of the day, Myers — Adjutant, White. The officer of the day is to direct that a sufficient num- ber of men be turned out to-morrow morning to assist the camp color men in thoroughly cleansing the whole Gar- rison, particularly that part where the hospital stands. No non-commissioned officer or soldier is to presume to ride any horse about the Garrison without liberty first obtained from the D. Q. M. G. 16 Four SuiJJVAX, September 17, 1779. Officer of the day for tomorrow, Capt. Weatlierby — Adjutant, Adams. Commissary Woodman is directed immediately to employ a sufficient number of beakers for the Garrison and issue soft bread instead of flour to all the troops without exception. A court martial to sit to-morrow morning at the President's Quarters for the trial of Joseph Putney. He.^d-Quarters, Fort Sullivax, September 18, 1779. ('aptaiii of tlie dav, Tiulor. Adjutant, White. The troops are positi^•ely forbid to remove or make use of any hay or grass cut by the forage master without his permission. After orders : At a Garrison Court Martial whereof Capt. Monel is President, Joseph Putney of the third New York Regiment, was tried for sleq>ing on his post, was found guilty and sentenced tO' receive loo lashes on his naked back, the com- manding officer approves the sentence and orders it put in execution this evening at roll call. The above Court Mar- tial is dissolved. 000 Fort Sullivax, September 19, 1779. Officer of the day for tomorrow, Aorson, Adjutant, Adams. The horses and cattle are in future to be kept in the rear of the Garrison, without the stockade. No' kind of filth to be thrown or made betweai the abbattis and line of stockade. 000 Fort Sullivan, September 20, 1779. Captain of the day. Day — Adjutant, White. 000 Fort Sullivan, September 21, 1779. Officer of the day for tomorrow, Capt. Wool, Adjutant, Ad- ams. The officers of the Garrison are rec|uested to use the public horses only when duty requires their being on horse- back, otherwise when the army returns they will be alto- 17 gether unfit for service. There has lately been such unnec- essary use made of these creatures that the commanding- officer is confident every gentleman in the Garrison must see the -propriety of this order. 000 Head-Quaetees, Foet Sullivan, September 22, 1779. OiScer of the Day for tomorrow, Cap. Thirstin — Adjutant, White. A Court Martial to sit to-morrow morning at 9 o'clock for the trial of such prisoners as shall be brought before them. 000 Fort Sullivan, September 23, 1779. OfHcer of the day for tomorrow, Capt. Morrill — Adjutant, Adams. On account of the severity of duty and fatigue the ration of soft bread is to be increased fro.m one pound to one and one-fourth pounds. Thomas Hilliard, of Col. Day- ton's Regiment, tried by a Court Martial whereof Capt. Weatherly was President, for stealing leather and insulting Sergeant BroAA'n, found guilty and sentenced to receive 50 lashes, the commandent approves the sentence and orders is executed this evening at roll call. Tattoes in future tO' be at 9 o'clock at which time the soldiery are to rq>air to their quarters without noise. The officer of the day is to see this order put in execution and delinquents brought to punishment. After Orders. On account oif the former good character of Thomas Hilliard, the commanding officer thinks proper to pardon him. 000 Foet Sullivan, September 24, 1779. Officer for the day, Capt. Myers. Adjutant — White. 000 Foet Sullivan, September 26, 1779. Captain of the day, Weatherby — Adjutant, Adams. All the bakers of the Garrison are put under the im- mediate directions of Commissary Woodman and (all are) strictly observe this order. 18 The commandent once more forbids firing of guns in -the vicinity of the Garrison. The officers of the day are requested if possible, to detect the culprits that they may be l)rought to immediate punishment. 000 Fort Sullivan, September 26, 1779. Officer of the day for tomorrow, Capt. Tudor — Adjutant, White. On account of the uneasiness occasioned in delivering bread, the commissary is directed in future to issue flour •to the troops, the bakers of the Garrison are to return eighteen ounces of bread for each pound of flour they -receive. They are further ordered not to presume to ask more than one dollar for every four pounds of bread they sell to the soldiery. Disobedience of this order will meet with severe punishment 000 FoKT Sullivan, September 27, 1779. 'Officer of the day. Capt. Aorson — Adjutant, Adams. The officers of the Garrison may draw two gallons • of whiskey each. The commanding officer is sorry it is not in his pOiWer to add rum without doing the highest injustice to those officers who have for a month past •encoimtered the greatest difficulties through a savage country, as there is but a very small proportion for them -on their return. The Commandant is confident that every gentleman at this post must see the propriety of this order. 000 FoET Sullivan, September 28, 1779. Officer of the day, Capt. Day. Adjutant, White. All the troops off duty to turn out on fatigue to- morrow morning at troop beating for the purpose of sweep- ing and otherwise cleaning the Garrison, to take direction from the officer of the day. 000 Fort Sullivan, September 29, 1779. Captain of the day. Wool. There is no whiskey to be issued to the troops that arrive from the army until evening, when an exact return is to be made ;OUt and signed by the commanding officers 19 -.of .Brigade: Detachments. The pack horses: that come in are to be sent below .and by no means kept about the Garrison. 000 FoBT Sullivan, September 30, 1779. 'Cg.ptain oC|the day, Dustin. As there is no immediate alteration to take place, provisions to be drawn and garrison duty done as usual. 000 Fort Sullivan, October 1, 1779. •Captain of the day. A very exact return of this Garrison to be made by to-morrow morning at 9 o'clock, including the sick in hospital, etc. GENERAL ORDERS. Hbad-Quaetees, Tyoga, October 1, 1779. JBrigadier for tomorrow, General Poor. Field Officer, Major Whiting — Brigade Major, Marshall. Commissary Steel and Mr. Pemberton will immedi- .ately repair for Wyoming to make the necessary provision for the army against their arrival. Mr. Pratt will take charge of the stores of this place. Quarter Master Dow will make a return of all the boats at this post as soon as possible with an estimate of the number of men they will carry. Returns of all the horses in the Quarter Masters and •Commissary departments, as also' the commissary of military stores to be made against nine o'clock to-morrow morning, also a return of all the men in each brigade and corps in the whole army at this post to be made at the same time. A return of all the horses in the army, private as well as public property to be made against orderly time to- morrow.' The Brigadiers and officers commanding coqas will see that those returns from their several commands be just and accurate. Mr. Kirkpatrick, A. Q. M., will report to Wyoming to assist Col. Sheriff in making the necessary preparations for the reception of the army, who will furnish him with a. copy of this order. 20 Col. Sheriff will procure lOO good wagons for removing the baggage of the army from Wyoming to Easton. They will also apply to Col. Butler who will also furnish two- thirds of the men in Garrison who are best able to endure fatigue to. repair the roads from Wyoming to- Learned' s tavern and put them in the best order. He will also write to Captain Patterson to send as many as can be spared from his post to put the road in the best order between Brinker's Mill and Learne's tavern. All the artificers on the ground are to take their orders from Quarter Master Dow, to whom returns of all the stores in the Quarter Master's department are to be made by Mr. Kirkpatrick before he leaves this ground. All the Ixiats are to be collected and put in proper repair as soon as possible. A Board of General Officers to set to-morrow morn- ing at 9 o'clock to settle the relative rank of Col. Proctor and the officers of Col. Proctor's Regiment. The commissary is not to issue any provisions to the Artificers without an order from Quarter Master Dow. Lieut. Whittock of the First New Jersey Regiment is appointed to- adjutant of the same and is to be respected accordingly. ooo Head-Quarters, Tyoga, October 2, 1779. Brigadier for tomorrow, General Clinton. Field officer Major Piatt. Brigade Major, Fii-li. A General Court Martial of which General Hand is appointed president, to sit to-morrow morning at g o'clock at a Marc^vie near headquarter for the trial of Lieut. Col. Regnier and such officers as are under arrest. By a General Court Martial, whereof Col. Weisenfelt is president. Ensign and Quarter Master Kindry of the Sixth Massachusetts Regiment was tried, charged with neglect of duty in absenting himself from his Regiment when called to action on the 29th of August last. The court after hearing the evidences are of opinion that Mr. Kindry is not guilty of the charge exhibited against him - that it is malitious and slanderous and dO' therefore acquit him with honor. AFTER ORDERS. The troops to be served with six days' provisions of flour to-morrow, and two days" beef to-morrow evening. 21 inclusive of what they may have on hand, which is to be cooked to-morrow nig-ht. The residue of the commissary's stores to be loaded to-morrow on board the boats. All the Quarter Master and other public stores to be also loaded to-morrow. The Commander-in-Chief returns his most sincere thanks to Col. Shreve and his Garrison for their industry and attention to the safety and comfort of the army while absent, and the very prudent steps which he pursued to render the situation of the army comfortable on its return. The Garrison is dismissed and ordered to evacuate the fort to-morrow morning at 7 o'clock and join their respective corps. Col. Pro-:tor will withdraw the artillery at the same time. The troops annexed to General Hand's Brigade will join their respective corps. The covering parties will alsO' join their respective Regiments. The two flanking divisions will be incorpor- ated into one, and flank the left of the army on its return. 500 men to parade to-morrow morning at 8 o'clock for fatigue. The field officers of the day will call on the Ad- jutant General for instructions. The army will be in perfect readiness to-morrow to move early the next morning. All deficiencies of cartridges to be made up and the anns to be put in good order. The sick, lame and those without shoes tO' go down in the boats. The Quarter Master will call for additional men to work the boats if necessary. All the artillery corps will go to Wyoming in boats. Fifty men from each Brigade, in two divisions each, will go off tO' Wyoming early in the morning tO' drive on all the horses and cattle that can be found. The Brigadiers of the day will point out their route. The army marches in the following order, viz : Clin- ton and Poor's Brigades, then the pack horses and cattle, then Maxwells and Hand's, the rifle men in rear of General Hand's. All of Col. Proctor's horses will be delivered to the conductor of horses. All the baggage that can possibly be spared on the march will be sent by water; for which purpose the Quarter Master will furnish boats. Those corps which have not a sufficiency of horses to carry their tents will apply to the Quarter Master to-mo^rrow afternoon for more. 22 The conductor of librses will collect all the horses urii)t to carry burdens to-morrow and have them tied up and fed 'to-m6rrow evehOig. All the horses and cattle of the army will be con'firie'd and fed to-morrow night. The at^itiy will march at 6 o'clock. Here is a hiatus in the orders until October 8th. — Craft. 000 Head-Quarters, Wyoming, October 8, 1779. Brigadier for tomorrow, General Clinton. Field Officer, Col. Cortland. Brigade Major, Fish. Two Subaltums, 4 Sergeants, 4 Corporals and 80 pri- vates to parade at 12 o'clock precisely and to be commanded by Capt. Ballard, of the Sixth Massachusetts Regiment, one liundred men commanded by a Field officer to parade at the same time as a covering party to the pioneers. The com- missary will furnish the whole with six days' provisions, half of their meat to be salt beef or pork. The Quarter- master will furnish the pioneers with such tools as Capt. Ballard shall choOse. He will also furnish the detachment with two wagons to. carry the tools, tents, arms and pro- visions for the pioneers. The field officer commanding will proceed on the busi- ness of repairing the roads from this post to Easton in the best manner possible and as the horses of the army will be very weak and the wagons heavily loaded, the most particu- lar attention is requested from him and Captain Ballard. When the party arrives at Easton it will wait for the arrival of the army. The detachment sent from the Garrison to repair the roads will return tcnmorrow evening, of which order the commanding officer of this detachment will notify them. The Garrison Battalion, Shoot's corps, and Capt. Spaldings company to remain as a Garrison at this place, of which Col. Butler is to have the coimmand. He is imme- diately to see that twO' hundred rounds of musquet cart- ridges for each man, and two hundred rounds for each piece of ordinance in the fort be set ashore for the use of the Garrison. The pieces of ordinance attending the army are to be supplied with twenty rounds each and the troops to be completed with twenty rounds each. All the residue of the ammunition and ordinance stores to be loaded in boats and sent down to Sunbury, of which 23 General Hand will take the charge aiid give direction for, its b^ng safely, cor^ve.yed from Sunb|ury,' tpi Philadelphia. All the boatmen to take their dire;ction from General Hand. The Quarter Master will see that all th^ boats not distant for, the: purpose of conveying stores to Suflbury, be laid up and well soured. All the clothing in store to be divided ^i^ ^^'ur equal parts and to be delivered to the several Brigades. No horses to be delivered .tc>. any person ori any pre- tense whatsoever, except by an order from the Commander- in-Chief. All the Quarter Master stores to be sent with the ordin- ance stores to Sunbui-y. The Doctor General will devise and as soon as possible r.^p<>rt the best method of conveying the sick from hence to Easton. A trusty officer from each Brigade to go with General Hand to Sunbury in order to collect and convey to Head- quarters the sick and wounded to their respective Brigades. The troops to hold themselves in readiness to march, on the shortest notice. No leave of absence will be given to any officer except he produces a written recommendation from his Brigadier or Commandant. Lieut. Col. Forrest will see that an officer and a proper riumber of artillery men be left for an immediate assign- ment for their Garrison. Capt Topham will attend tO' have the ammunition put in proper boats andvwill attend General, Hand to Sunbury and there taking his instructions respecting the ordinance stores. The General returns his sincere thaiiks to Capt. Top- ham for his great attention, activity and fidelity in the de- partment O'f Commissary of Military Stores and Clothier- General to the army. ' The General with pleasure assures him that his conduct has not only afforded pleasure to him, but has given honorable satisfaction. The commissary to make an immediate return of the live stpck and other provisions on hand, ADVERTISEMENT. LOST, on the 4th or 5th instant, between Tyoga and Lackawaney, a parchnjent pocket bpok w}f-h two commis- sions, one letter and two Continental bills, on? forty-five and 24 the other eight dollars. One-half of the money will be given to the person who will bring it to Captain Kert, of tlie 2nd New Hampshire regiment. Was put by mistake in some boat at Meshupin, a bag containing a nest of camp kettles, coffee-pot and several other things too tedious to mention. Whoever will send them at General Poor's marque shall receive his sincere thanks. The Garrison to join their respective corps immedi- ately. ooo Artillery Orders, October 8tb, 1779. Officer for the day tomorrow — Captain Proctor. Lieut. Jesse Crossby is appointed to the Command of the artillery for this Garrison and is hereby directed to call on the commanding officer for a return of ammunition as- signed for the use of that post and to call on the adjutant for I sergeant, 2 corporals, 3 bumbarders and 3 gunners, to be ready to move into the Garrison to-morrow morning at seven o'clock. The wagon master is hereby ordered to overhaul all the harness belonging to the artillery pieces and wagons and see that they are in order so as to move to-morrow afternoon at 4 o'clock, and to make a return to the Quarter Master of the number of horses wanted for that purpose. The Quarter Master is to issue to each non-commis- sioned officer Emd mattross, one pair O'f shoes, excepting who received them at Tyoga. rOapt. Wool's Details. 8S;«-^ [Capt. Bryce Totals, 12 3 3 OGo AFTER ORDERS. October 8, 1779. The Commander-in-chief in consequence of dispatches just received from his excellency, General Washington, is under the painful necessity of denying leave of absence to any of the officers or soldiers of this army, being positively prohibited therefrom; and the Brigadiers will please write to such as have already obtained furloughs to join their respective corps without loss of time. Serg't. Corp. Bumbr. Gunner 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 25 The army will move on Sunday morning at six o'clock. All the horses and cattle to be brought in and put up to- morrow night. One hundred cattle to be left at this post, the troops to be supplied with four days' provisions exclus- ively. The residue of the cattle to be driven on with the. army. The Court Martial whereof General Hand is President is dissolved and the trial of Col. Regnier and other officers under arrest is deferred until the army arrives at Easton. 000 Head-Quartees, Wyoming, October 9, 1779. For Tomorrow, Brigidier General Maxwell. Field Officer, Col. Shrcves — Brigade Major, Ross. When the horses are collected the Quarter Master will make the following distribution of them : To Clinton's, Maxwell's and Poor's Brigades an equal number, to Pland's half the number and to the artillery two-thirds of the number ascertained for General Hand. The wagons are to be distributed in the same proportion, except to the artillery who have already had their proportion. The Quarter Master will call on Lieut. Col. Forrest for the wagons which he has been notified are to be delivered up for the use of the infantry. The Quarter Master will deliver a reasonable and proportionate number of horses to the staff. As the interests of America loudly calls for this army at Headquarters, the Commander-in-Chief requires the army to be in perfect readiness to move to-morrow morning at 6 o'clock. The General being under the necessity to proceed to Easton as speedily as possible, General Clinton will take command of this army to-morrow morning and proceed with it to that place. A trusty officer and a small party of men from each Brigade are to be left at this post for the purpose of bringing on the convalescents and such baggage as cannot be conveyed with the army. Wagons will be sent from Easton for that purjx>se and these officers are requested to lose no time in forwarding the remaining sick and baggage. As the distribution of horses will take place this after- noon all officers and others who have public horses in their possession are directed to turn them to the Quarter Master 26 immediately. The General expects a strict compliance with this order, being determined to punish a breach of it in any instance. The following gentlemen are appointed Ensigns in the 4th Pennsylvania Eegiment and to take rank as follows, viz :; Mr. John Pratt, from July 1, 1779. Mr. Henry Hanley, from July 2, 1779. Mr. John Coleman, from July 3, 1779. Mr. Andrew Henderson, from July 4, 1779. Mr. Nathaniel Smith, from July 5, 1779. 000 - ADVERTISEMENT. Was stolen, last night, a pine chest, the property of Mr. McLaughlin, Assistant Commissary of Military stores, containing all his public papers and wearing apparel. One hundred and sixty dollars will be given as a reward to the person who' will discover and apprehend the thief. Was lost between Tyoga and Wyoming, a silver spur, carved on the outside. Whoever will return the same shall receive twenty dollars. 000 Regimental Orders of October 9, 1779. Officer of the day tomorrow, Capt. Lieut. McCluer. In consequence of the scarcity of the horses, and but two wagons being allowed for carrying the baggage of each corps of artillery, the Commanding Officer strictly forbids any officer under the rank of captain to ride, and further directs that the officer of the day shall dismount every such officer who' shall attempt a breach of this order. The wagons assigned to the artillery will be loaded- with' tents only. The non-commissioned officers and Mat- trosses to carry their own knapsacks, haversacks- and blan- kets unless that horses can be provided for that purpose. The commanding officer flatters himself that the offic- ers and soldiers are well convinced of his being disposed to serve them at all times when circumstances will admit, and expects that on this occasion they will cheerfully comply with these orders. OOQ Head-Quarters, October 10, 1779. Brfgader for the day tomorrow, Gfeneral Field officer, Spencer. Brigade Major, Marshal. 27 H*JAD-Q,UAETEE» Great Swamp^ Ocb 11, 1779. FieM' officer of the day, Col. Cilley. Brigade Major, Ross. The coq)s of artillery with all its ammunition and bag- gage together with air wagons of the, army, will move for Louis Hill immediately after the firing of the morning gun, and thence halt for the arrival of the troops. The pack horses will move in the usual order. 000 Head-Quaetees, October 12, 1779. Field officer for tomorrow, Lieut) Col. Rfeed. Brigade Major, Marshall. ooo Head-Quaeters, Sullivan's Stoees, October 13, 1779. Field officer for tomorrow, Lieiit> Gol, Reed-^Brig^de Major Ross. The troops to draw two days' salt, and one day's fresh provisions this morning. The General in the most positive terms directs that the troops burn no rails, or commit any species of waste upon the inhabitants, as we are now entering a country peopled by our friends. He directs that no officer or soldier presume to march in front of the army to Easton without regular permission. Every officer found straggling from his regiment may depend upon being punished for unmilitary conduct and breach of orders. As the firing of musquets in and about the camp is totally unmilitary the General is determined to put a period thereto, for which purpose he directs that every delinquent receive 50 lashes upon the spot. The General tO' beat to-morrow morning at 10 o'clock the assembly at half past ten and the march immediately to commence. ' 000 HEAr>-QuARTEES, OctobeF 14th, 1779. If any soldier or baggage should be in the rear of the army to-morrow morning after beating the General the same to be reported at Headquarters. The same order of rnarch to be observed to-morrow as to-day. The field officer of the day is directed to pay par- ticular attention thereto. The General reminds the array of the orders of yester- day, respecting the straggling as well of officers as soldiers 28 in front of the line of marcli. He requests a strict com- pliance with yesterday's orders as he is determined to make a severe example of every delinquent. The troops to put their amis and clothes in the best pos- sible order can be, and the General to beat at half past six, assembly at seven, and the march to take place at the firing of a cannon at the park. ARTILLERY ORDERS. Officer of the day tomorrow — Captain Proctor. As to-morrow is the day assigned for going to Easton the commanding officer flatters himself that the soldiers un- der his immediate command still retain that spark of decent pride that they have ever yet been distinguished by as artill- erymen, and hopes that they will endeavor to appear in as clean and soldier-like manner as their clothes will admit of ; and being fully convinced of their disposition to comply with this order he has not the least doubt of meeting with disappointment. The officer of the day will select a proportion of non- commissioned officers, bumbarders and gunners, etc., for four three-pounders, with thirteen rounds of blank cart- ridges to answer the salute of the town and to conduct the firing. The artillery to march in with laurel in their hats. 000 Head-Quarters, Easton, October 15, 1779. rield officer for tomorrow, Lieut. Col. Dearborn. Brigade Major, Ross. 000 Head-Quarters, Easton, October 16, 1779. Field officer for tomorrow, Major Hollingshead. Brigade Major, Marshall. The troops to hold themselves in readiness to muster to-morrow morning at seven o'clock for which purpose they will put their arms and clothes in the best order this even- ing. General Clinton's, Maxwell's and Poor's Brigades will each furnish a subaltern piquet to parade in front of the artillery park at retreat beating this evening. The same number oi each of the brigades will parade at the same place to-morrow morning at troop beating. '29 Artillery Orders. Officer of tlio day, Capt. Lieut. Coleman. It is with pleasure the Commanding Officer informs the artillery that they were distinguished yesterday by their cleanly appearance from all the other troops by the inhabir- tants of this town and hopes that their good behavior will merit a continuance of the public applause. The officers to pay particular attention to the General Orders of this day for mustering. ooo After General Orders, October 16. The Commander-in-Chief congratulates this brave little army on their ai-rival at Easton and on their having co*mpleted the reduction of the Five Indian Nations with so much honor to themselves and so much satisfaction to him. He takes this opportunity to^ return his most sincere and cordial thanks for their very great exertions through- out the whole campaign. Justice obliges him to say that officers never deserved more credit and that soldiers never had a better claim to the applause of their countrymen. The troops will attend divine service at the church in this town to-morrow at eleven oi' clock, where a discourse suitable to the occasion will be delivered by the Reverend Doctor Evans. Returns to be immediately made of the shoes wanting for the troops that they be supplied without delay. Major Fish is to act as Adjutant General in the absence of Col. Barber and is to be obeyed and respected accord- ingly. A General Court Martial of which General Poor will be President, to sit at the President's Quarters at five o'clock this afternoon for the trial of Lieut. Col. Regnier, — one field officer and two Captains from each Brigade to attend as members. 000 Head-Quarters, Easton, October 17, 1779. Field officer for tomorrow, Major Scott — Brigade Major, Ross. The Commander-in-Chief has the pleasure to inform the army that the Honorable the Continental Congress was pleased to pass the following resolve on the 14th instant respecting the Western expidition, to-wit: ' 30 In Congress, I4th October, 1779. Resolved that the thanks of Congress be given to his excellency General Washington for directing and to Major General Sullivan and the brave officers and soldiers under his command for effectually executing an important ex- pedition against such of the Indian Nations as encouraged by the councils and conduct by the officers of his Britanip Majesty had perfidiously waged an unprovoked and cruel war against the United States, laid waste their defenceless, towns and with savage cruelty slaughtered the inhabitants, thereof. Extract from the minutes. Charles Thompson, Secretary. The army will not marcii tomorrow. 000 Extract from General Orders : Head-Quarters, Morris's Hou.se, October 2, 1779. The following are the uniforms that have been deter- mined for the troops of these states respectively as soon as the state of the public supplies will permit them being furnished accordingly, and in the meantime it is recom- mended tO' the officers to^ accommodate their uniform to this standard that when the men come to be supplied there may be a proper uniformity. New Hampshire, " Massachusetts, t>i ^ j -xi . i -i. -Di, J T 1 J )■ ishie, faced with white. Hhode IsJand, | ' Connecticut, TVT T ' \ Blue faced with Buff, white lining, red buttons.. J\ew Jersey, ]■ . &> . Pennsylvaiji^, Maryland, Del?iware, Virginia, North Carolina, ^ Blue, faced with blue, button-holes edged' South Carolina, V with narrow white lace, or tape, buttons and' Georgia, J lining white. Artillery ap4 Artillery > Blue, faced with scarlet;, scarlet lin- Artificers, j ing, yellow buttpns, yellaw bound hats, coats edged with narrow lape or tape, biitton-holes bound with the same. Blue, faced %yith red, buttons and lining white. 31 JLight Dragoons, I. J}"^ ,^?°'" blue, faced Svith white, white ° J button-holes and hning. 000 Aetillery Orders. Officer for the Park, tomorrdw, Capt. Craige. 000 Head-Quarters, Easton, October 18, 1779. JField officer for tomorrow Brigade Major, Marshall. Sundry complaints have been made tO' the Commander- in-Chief that the troops make excursions in the country and rob the inhabitants of their property, he finds himself under the necessity of giving positive orders that no soldier be permitted to go more than half a mile from town without a written pass from the officer commanding the corps to "which he belongs. The General laments exceedingly that troops who -have deservedly acquired such reputation amongst their countrymen should suffer disgrace by the inconsiderate conduct of a few individuals and he positively ■declares that if these hints do not prove sufficient to prevent such enormities, he will prevent their straggling by forming a strong piquet around the whole encampment, even though half the men should be on duty the same time. Return to be made of the fifes and drum cords, drum- lieads, sticks wanting in the several corps. All the public horses of the army excepting those that are attached to the public wagons tO' be delivered in to Capt. Hooper, Quarter Master General, at this post by six o'clock this evening. The regimental surgeons are directed to make immediate returns of all their sick to Doctor Hazen, General Surgeon of the flying hospital. 000 Regimental and Artillery Orders. Officer for the Park tomorrow — Capt. Proctor. 000 Head-Quartees, Easton, October 19, 1779. Field officer for tomorrow, Major Edwards, Brigade Major, Capt Sproat. The shoes to be distributed to the several Brigade Quarter Masters and to the Quarter Master of Artillery this afternoon in the following proportions. 32 General Clinton 647 pairs. General Maxwell 647 " General Poor 667 " General Hand 318 " Train of Artillery 121 2400 000 RegimeivTal Oedees. Officer iif the day for tomorrow, Capt. Lieut. McCluer. 0011 Head-Quarters, Easton, October 20, 1779. Field officer for tomorrow, Col. Cortlandt — Brigade Maj., Ross. ooo Regimextae Orders. Officer for the day tomorrow, Ca|)t. Lient. Coleman. ooo Head-Quarters, October 21, 1779. Field officer for tomorrow. Col. Slireves — Brigade Maj. Marshall. The Brigade Quarter Masters and the Quarter Master of artillery to- call upon Col. Hooper for their quotas over- halls. 000 Regimental officer of the day, Capt. Craige. 000 Head-Quarters, October 22, 1779. Field officer for tomorrow, Brigade Major, Spratt. ooo Head-Quarters, October 23, 1779. Field officer for tomorrow, Col. Cilley — Brigade Major, Ross. The commissary tO' deliver out one gallon of rum to each field officer and two quarts tO' every other commis- sioned ofticer on the ground. As a number of the field and other officers who- are to do duty on horseback are destitute of horses, the Quarter Master will deliver them horses tO' ride on to- Headquarters with the army taking receipts for returning them to such places as he may think proper to direct. 33 Artillery Orders. Officer for the day tomorrow, Capt. Lieut. McCluer. 000 Head-Quarters, Easton, October 24, 1779. Field officer for tomorrow, Lieut. Col. Hubley — Brigade Ma- jor, Ross. 000 Head-Quarters, Easton, October 25, 1779. Field officer for tomorrow Brigade Major A General Court Martial of the line of which Brigadier General Poor was President is dissolved, and another is ordered to sit at Oppre's tavern at ten o'clock this morning for the trial of all officers in arrest, and others that may be brought before them ; Col. Shreve is appointed President. Mr. Pemberton, a deputy commissary of issues is requested to act as Judge Advocate to the court, an orderly sergeant from General Maxwell's Brigade and one from General Hand's to attend the Court Martial. At a General Court Martial whereof General Poor was President, held at Easton on the 19 instant, Lieut. Burk of the nth Pennsylvania Regiment was tried for not delivering out clothing to- the men, agreeable tO' Lieut. Col. Hubley' s orders; for abusing a soldier and taking from him a shirt after he knew Col. Hubley had ordered it to be taken from a soldier who had three shirts and giving it tO' the soldier said to be abused, the court finds him not guilty of the charge and acquits him with honor. The Commander-in- Chief releases him from his arrest and directs that he return to his duty. At the same court, Lieut. Street of the nth Pennsyl- vania Regiment was tried for introducing Sergeant Beverly as a Lieutenant of the line, knowing him to be not an officer and ordering him' to duty as such, and ordering him to sit on a Court Marital, and for receiving him into the mess associating with him as Lieutenant of the line, and for uttering the sentence of a Court Martial, by reading more punishment to the prisoner than was ordered by the court ; the court finds him guilty of the charges and sentence him to be reprimanded in General Orders. The General releases him from his arrest and orders him to return to his duty. Though from the whole .tenor of the proceedings it' does not appear that Mr. Street had any cruel intention but rather that his credulity in one case and imprudent zeal in the other carried him 'far from that line of cautious regularity and exactness of conduct which every officer ought to observe, for which the court has justly sentenced him — ^yet to a failing springing from so incorrupted a source, the General cannot think of anything severe upon the subject and only wishes that his trial may make him more cautious in future, and teach others not to fall into the same error. The whole of the troops on this side will cross the ferry to-morrow morning. All the artillery, baggage and ammunition wagons to be carried over to-morrow. The Brigadier and officers commanding corps, will see that their troops are encamped on the other side in the most convenient place. The army will be ready to march for Warwick as early as Wednesday morning, marching from the left in the following order, to-wit: First, Poor's Brigade; then the artillery, then Clinton, Maxwell and Hand. Application to be made to Col. Hooper for wagons to move the troops to-morrow afternoon. Doctor McCrea will see that such of the sick and con- valescents as cannot be moved with convenience are in preparation for crossing the river and will apply to Col. Hooper for a proper number of wagons to transfer them to Warwick. Directions for marching and encamping will be given out to-morrow. 000 Artillery Orders. Officer for the day tomorrow, Capt. Craige. Officers commanding ordinance will immediately turn out drivers and see that their guns are in order to move to-morrow agreeable to General Orders of this day. Head-Quarters, October 26, 1779. The corps of artillery are to cross the river this day with cannon, ammunition and baggage, the guns dismounted are to be as speedily repaired as possible and cross the river — the artillery camp to be a contiguous to the ferry as wood and water will permit. 35 One officer and ten men to remain in Easton this night to conA-e}' the dismantled cannon forward to the army to- moiTow. The artillery to march by the right and by seniority of >companys, to-\vit : Ca))taiii \\'o<)l, liis two tiiree-poundcrs. Cai)tain Craige, one howitzer and six-pounder. Cajitain Rice, one howitzer and six-pounder. Captain Proctor, two three-pounders. Captain Briee, two tliree. pounders. The Commander-in-Chief has now the pleasure to con- •gratulate the army on the complete and full success of Major General Sulli\'an and the troops under his command against the Senecas and other tribes of the Six Nations as a just and necessary punishment for their wanton depre- dations, their unparalleled and innumerable cruelties, their ^deafness to all remonstrances. FINIS. Boulder, Marking Fort Sullivan. Erected by Tioga Chapter, D. A. R., October 3, J902. EXTRACTS FROM JOURNALS OF SULLIVAN'S SOLDIERS RELATING TO TIOGA POINT AND BUILDING AND DESTROYING FORT SULLIVAN. ^* tj5* f^* ft?* Col. Israel Shreve (August 1779) was ordered to march to the Sus- quehanna and join General Sullivan, who was ordered to chastise the Indians and tories who massacreed the inhabitants on the Susquehanna the year before. We arrived at Wyoming, now Wilkesbarre, in Sep- tember, then proceeded up the river to Chemung branch of the river where the town of Athens now is. At Wyoming we were joined by troops that came up the river from Northumberland, and in this neighborhood by troops which came down from the State of New York. While we waited here for the latter troops, our Brigade marched up the river Chemung, twelve miles, in the night to an Indian town by that name, We arrived at daylight. The Indians lay in ambush, and killed one of our men, (by my side, he touched me when he fell,) and wounded several others, one of whom died. We knew of but one Indian killed. We burnt their town, ten or twelve houses, cut down several acres of good corn, and returned down the river, carrying corn, pumpkins, garden truck, and the dead and wounded men in several boats which we had taken up the river, and arrived at our encampment in the afternoon. After remaining here for a few days Col. Shreeve was ordered with a detachment to build a stockade Fort at a place about two or three miles up the two Rivers Susquehanna and Chemung where they passed each other within about one hundred yards. I (Capt. Shreve) was left with this detachment. The Tort was called Fort Sullivan. Nearly four square about ninety yards one way and a little under the other way. By digging a trench two and a half feet deep and placing upright logs in the trench about twelve feet high, leaving two or three gateways. After leaving the heavy baggage and women which belonged to the camp. General Sullivan marched up the Chemung river to the Indian Settlement, in the north west part of New York, called the Geriessee Country, inhabited by several tribes of Indians and Tory whites,'' who were under the influence and hired by the British, to burn property and kill the Americans, men women and children, by offering a reward for their scalps. Our army killed some of them, and lost several men in 38 several skirmishes, burued their towns, destroyed their corn and othei property. They could not brijig th-i Indians and Tories to a general engagement, The British had troops with the Indians. After destroying all they could find our Army returned to Fort Sullivan. And we left the fort and passed down the river to Wyoming the last of October. The foregoing is copied from a letter of Oapt John Shreeve. son of Col Israel Shreeve. under whose command he was when the inci- dents as related occurred, and participated in them. He wrote from near Salem, Ohio, in Nov. 185:3, when rhe writer was in his ninety-sec- ond year. Wm. Bell, Mt. Holly, Jime 15, 1876. 000 Extract No. J. Lieut. Wm. Barton, of Maxwell's Brigade. August 11th. Marched at 7 a. m. for Tioga. The army at nine began to ford the Susquehannah, having iirst fired a few cannon in the wood on the other side fearing there might be some of the enemy to oppose us crossing the river; a little more than waist deep, very rapid, which made it difficult crossing, the force of the current carrying several down; happily none were drowned. Proceeded after landing about one and a half miles, when we came to Kihuga creek, which we forded, and encamped in the forks formed by the Susquehanna and Kihuga, on the ground where the town of Tioga formerly stood. Soil very rich, etc. 12th. On fatigue, cutting timber to build block houses. September 25th. Remained at Port Reed for those detach- ments before mentioned to have been sent out, to return. In the forenoon the army all discharged their muskets, with orders to parade at five in the afternoon, each man furnished with blank cartridge. According to orders the whole paraded in a line to lire a feu de joie, when thirteen round of cannon was fired. Then began a running fire of muskets from the right through the whole; this not being performed to the General's liking, he ordered the whole to charge again; after this was done he ordered the whole to be put in readiness and not a man to fire until he should come opposite him. All being in readiness, he put his horse off at full speed and rode from right to left with whip and spur, men all firing according to orders, which made it very grand and caused the General to say it went like a hallelujah. After three cheers given for the Congress in consequence of their resolutions of the 18th August, and then three for the United States, and thirdly for the King of Spain, our new ally, and thus the day ended with joy, the officers of each brigade furnished with one of the best bullocks there was, extra. Thursday, 30th. At 3 o'clock P. M. arrived at Fort Sullivan at Tioga, when we were saluted from the garrison by thirteen rounds of cannon. * * * The fort is a fine stockade, * * * block houses on the Susquehannah River, and one other on the Kihuga; within three hundred yards of each was an old carrying place about half a mile from the forks of the two rivers. ooo Extract No. 2. Lieat. Erfcuries Beatty, with Gen. Clinton. August, Sunday, 22nd. Marched off this morning 7 o'clock, proceeded on crossed to midling large brooks. Arrived at Tyoga 11 o'clock where we found Genl. Hand's Brigade encamped one 39 Rw,.^^'"'® ^^\ '"'*"**' °^ *"^'5 Ty°sa where they was building 4 Block houses the other troops was encamped on the point which mk^TtJ'^^.^ ^""^ ""^^^"'^ ^"^^-^^^ ^« encamped on he by 13 Pieces of r;r.°''''>f-T'°^ '"^ ^° ^^""P ^^ ^^'^ «al"ted oy irf Fieces of Cannon which was returned by our two little with^'a Zu^\^Z''\'' 'Z'^''^ ^^'^'- Hand's Brigade under arms tTi^ t,. °^ '^"^'^'^ '^^'°*^ P'^y^'J Beautiful as we passed by Remainder"nf?h''.''^/'' ^ ^"'^- '^''^"^ P*^'^'^ °' ^^^"'^'1 and Spent the Tfb^ w?=o ^ ^^ "^^^ '.° ^^^"'^ °"'' ^"®"J7. Ensign Daniel Goofcin. August 11th. To Tioga 4 miles waded across the river up to our middles, currant running strong. Col. Barber came very near drowning crossing the river. The number of horses that came from Wyoming was Genl. Poor's brigade 300, Genl Maxwell's 300, Genl Hands 200, Colo Proctor 100, the horses from the Publick Stores 300 besides the riding horses of the oflicers, 120 boats, 800 head of cattle, &c. To see with what patience the soldiers endured the fatigues of this march wadeing rivers, climbing mountains and a number of other things too tedious to mention, afford a pleasing ■prospect that in time we shall have soldiers equal to any in the world. 12. Waiting at this post for Genl Clinton's Brigade the Troops employed in building four block houses and a fort for the security of the garrison, and the provision that is to be left at this post. 000 Extract from Address of Rev. David Craft, at Newtown Centennial, J 879. In the current of human history, there arise great events which materially modify the structure of society, turn the stream of national life into new channels, give a new coloring to national character, and secure development of new resources. They are the events Which designate historical epochs, and become focal dates to mark the progress of civilization, and 'trace the develop- ment of social and national life. Such an event to this country was the Sullivan Expedition. It marks the beginning of a new era in he history of this Empire State. It ddtermined at a single blow whether white men or red men should hold dominion over these fertile vales and along these streams and over these lakes and mountains. At a single stroke it solved the question, whether the American Indian, with his deeply rooted prejudices, with his unconquerable aversion to civil- ization with his undisguised hatred for the religion and culture of the European was longer to stand in the way of human progress; whether he was longer to maintain a barrier, as immovable as his; own nature, to the advancement of the institutions and the ideas- of the white man, or whether he must go down before the antag- onism of another race, which was every day gathering new strength and preparing itself for a fresh onset. On the twenty-sixth of August, the army took up its line of march from Tioga into an unknown country, through leagues of unbroken forests, into the very heart of the enemy's territory, relying on their own valor alone for success, without hope of relief or of reinforcements, or, in case of defeat, of any quarter. It was an expedition in which not only peculiar hardships might be ex- pected but it was one without scarcely a parallel in the world's history for the boldness of its design, and the courage with which it was undertaken. To transport an army with its equipments and supplies, through an uncivilized country without roads, for much of the way without water communication, to cut loose from their base of supplies and communications, to be shut up for weeks from he intelligence of the world, where to fall was to die, and ordinarily to die by torture, was an example of heroic bravery which the world has seldom witnessed. Sherman's march to the sea has received and justly merits the applause of men for its daring and its success but this expedition was far more daring, and if the loss of life and the end secured by it, be taken into the account, equally as successful in its execution, and deserves first rank among the great military movements in our country's history. Capt. Reed, whom Genl. Sullivan had sent in command of the detachments which escorted the sick and lame from Kanadesago on the 9th, in obedience to orders, erected a palisade fort at the junction of Newtown Creek, with the Tioga, which was named Fort Reed, and which he had manned with his three-pounder, where he had gathered a hundred beef cattle and abundant stores of pro- visions and liquors, and awaited the return of the army. As the men emerged in sight, Sept. 25, Capt. Reed received them with a salute of thirteen rounds from his cannon, which was answered by the cohorn, that being the piece in advance, and the next day received the thanks of the Commander in chief, in general orders. Full rations were now resumed, to the great joy of the men, who- were heartily tired of their almost exclusive diet. The army re- mained here until Sept. 29th. On the morning of the 29th Genl. Sullivan broke camp at Fort Reed, and having demolished the fortification continued his home- ward march encamping for the night on the flat 2 miles below Chemung, and the next day reached Fort Sullivan at Tioga, where he was received by Col. Shreve with demonstrations of joy, amid thunders of artillery, lively strains of music, by drum and fife and by Proctor's regimental band. After feasting both officers and men, and pouring out pretty free libations of Bacchus, the whole was concluded with an Indian Dance, under the directions of an Oneida Chief, led off by Genl. Hand. One of the journals says, the clothes of the men were torn into shreds by the bushes and brambles through which, for more than a month they had been marching and observes, that as the men joined in the dance, with their heads powdered with flour, their faces bedaubed with paint, and their fringed and shredded rifle frocks streaming in the wind, they presented an appearance at once weird and grotesque. One of the narrators of the story says "Everybody laughed, even our great Chaplain could not repress a smile." In this expedition, the army had burned forty Indian villages destroyed 200,000 bushels of corn, besides thousands of fruit trees. and gieat quantities of beans and potatoes. It might Be said to be Uterally true of this army, that "the land was as the garden Eden Detore them, and behind them a desolate wilderness." To Col. Shreve, had been assigned duties involving great dili- gence and responsibility. When the army left Tioga, Fort Sullivan was hardly m a defensible condition, and the first work of the commandant was to strengthen its walls until they would be secure against any force the enemy might bring. Then in addition to the mne companies, (250 men) as many more invalids were left in his care. It was also understood when the army set out on its march that a battle was imminent and provision must be made for hos- pital accommodations for those who could not be removed, and for the removal of such as could he carried to Wyoming in boats. Also many cattle strayed beyond their herdsmen and the danger from skulking savages was too great to allow the men to go in quest of them. These must be collected for the sustenance of the troops on their return. Capt. Reed gathered a hundred of them, that he took to Kanawaholla, while as many more were secured at Fort Sullivan. Col. Shreve's responsibility was farther inoreasefl by the coming of 300 sick and lame from Kanadesaga. In addition to these, the enlisted boatmen and the fleet were left in his care. His work was well done, and on the return of the army Genl. Sulli- van in general orders commended his faithfulness, zeal and dili- gence. From August 30th until the 16th of September, a period of twenty-seven days, the army voluntarily subsisted on a half ration of flour and meat the most of which they carried on their backs, supplementing their wants with the green corn and vegetables found in the flelds, they devastated. This diet together with the early autumn weather occasioned considerable sickness, especially in the latter part of the campaign. Notwithstanding the severity of their marches and the dangers to which they were exposed, the entire loss since leaving Wyoming until the return, was only forty- one men, of whom four died from sickness, one was accidentally arowned and one accidentally shot in camp, or one per cent of his entire force. On the 3rd of October, Fort Sullivan was demolished, and the next day the army set out for Wyoming, part on foot but the greater number in boats, reaching that place on the 7th. In obedience to orders from general headquarters. General Sullivan left Wyoming, October 10th, and reached Easton the 15th, where a thanksgiving service was held, conducted by the Rev. Mr. Hunter, and then the army hastened to- join that of Washington. Congress passed a vote of thanks in which the officers and men were com- plimented in the highest terms, and which is made a record of as follows : October 14th. On motion of Mr. Gerry, seconded by Mr. Morris, "The thanks of Congress were voted to his Excellency, General Washington, for directing, and to Major General Sullivan and the brave officers and soldiers under his command, for effectually exe- cuting, an important expedition against such of the Indian Nations as, encouraged by Uhe councils, and conducted- by the officers, of his Britanic Majesty, had perfidiously waged an unprovoked and cruel war against these United States, laid waste many of their defenseless towns, and with savage barbarity, slaughtered the inhabitants thereof, and Washington did not hesitate to express his satisfaction with the management of the campaign, and its results, .n flattering terms: In general orders from West Point, ,Optober 17th, General Was ington congratulated the army, on- General: Sullivan's sue- 54 •cess, adding that, "The whole of the soldiery engaged in the expe- dition, merit and have the Cammander-in-chief s warmest acknowl- edgments, tor their important services." 000 WASHINGTON'S LETTER TO GENERAL SULLIVAN ORDERING THE EXPEDITION. Head-Quabteks, Middle Brook, March 6th, 1779. Dear Sir: — Congress having determined upon an expedition of an extensive nature against the hostile tribes of the Indians of the Six Nations, the command is offered to IWajor General Gates as senior officer, tut should he decline, it is my wish that it should devolve upon you. That no time may be lost by Gen. Gate's non-acceptance, I have put this letter under cover to him, and have desired him to forward it to you, should that be his determination. Should it there- fore be sent to you, I must request you to set out as speedily as possible after the receipt of it, to Head Quarters, as the season is already far advanced. Upon your arrival the whole plan of the expedition shall be communicated to you and measures concerted for, carrying it into execution. Nothing will contribute more to our success in the quarter where we really intend to strike, than alarming the enemy in a con- trary one, and drawing their attention that way. To do this you may drop hints of an expedition to Canada by way of Coos. This will be the more readily believed as a thing of that kind was really once in agitation, and some magazines formed in consequence, which the enemy are acquainted with. You may also speak of the probability of a French Fleet making its appearance in the Spring, In the River St. Lawrence, to co-operate with us. It will be a great point gained, if we can by false claims, keep the force ready in Canada from affording any timely assistance to the Savages, Refu- gees, and those people against whom the blow is levelled. I would wish you to keep the motive of your journey to Head Quarters a secret, because if it is known that an officer of your rank is to take a command to the westward, it will be immediately concluded that the object must be considerable. I am with great Regard, Dear Sir, Your Most Obedient Servant, GEORGE WASHINGTON. MAJOR GENERAL SULLIVAN. 000 WASHINGTON'S INSTRUCTIONS TO SULLIVAN. West Point, Sept. 15, 1779. Dear Sib :— I had the pleasure of receiving your letter of the 30 of August, and congratulate you sincerely on the success of the engagement at Newtown. The advantages we have already gained over the Indians in the destruc- tion of so many of their settlements, is very flattering to the expedition. But to make it as conclusive as the state of your provisions and the safety of your army will countenance I would mention two points which I may not have sufS.ciently expressed in my general instructions, or if 55 I have, which I wish to repeat. The one is the necessity of pushing- the Indians to the greatest practicable distance from their own settle- ments, and our frontiers, to the throwing them wholly on the British enemy. The other is the making the destruction of their settlements so final and complete as to put it out of their power to derive the small- est succor from them in case they should attempt to return this season. lam, Dear Sir, Tour Most Obt Servt., GEO. WASHINGTON. MAJOR GENERAL SULLIVAN. 000 COMPANIES LEFT AT FORT SULLIVAN. Capt. Isaiah Wool's, of the Artillery. Oapt. George Tudor's, 4 Penna Capt. John JMyers', 3 New Jersey. Oapt Benj. Weatherby's. Spencers N. J. Capt. iloody Dustin's, 1 New Hampshire. Capt. Amos Morrell's, 1 New Hampshire. Capt. Nathaniel Norton's, 4 New York Capt. McCluer's. Capt. Day's SOLDIERS BURIED AT TIOGA POINT. Aug. 14 — Buried 1 Sergt., 1 drummer, 4 privates from Col Hubley'* regt . 1 from Col. Cilley's, killed in skirmish at Chemung Aug. 1.5 — Jabez Elliott, .^on of Henry Elhott of^ Wyoming. A mere lad ; a pack horse driver. Aug, 17 — Philip Heltes, biscuit baker in German regt. Aug. 24 — Capt. Benjamin Kimball, paymaster in Col, Cilley's regt., 2' New Hampshire Brigade. Aug. 29 — Abner Dearborn, wounded at Newtown, died at Tioga Sept. 3 Sergt. Dement, Joshua Mitchell, and Sylvester Wilkins, who died previous to Sept. 19, probably died here. Eze'kiel mvfs, ! '" """"P^^y- °°1' ^^^^^'^ ''^'- In 1899, Hon E H. Perkins told the writer that Solomon Taladaj^ told him that several soldiers were buried in front of the lot now occu- pied by the Misses Snell. This was corroborated by the finding of three- skeletons when working on the street before Taladay died. m m m tf*j m