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 Bills of mortality, 1810-1849. 
 
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INTEODUCTION. 
 
 Among the papers preserved in the Citj' Registrar's office, is a 
 volume prepared by Samuel A. Hewes, Superintendent of Burial 
 Grounds. It contains copies of the annual returns of deaths in 
 Boston from 1810 to 1849, at which later date the Registrar's de- 
 partment was established, and the sj^stem of more extended annual 
 reports began. 
 
 As these old Bills of Mortality are practically inaccessible, 
 being originally published merely as broad-sides, copied for a day 
 into the newspapers, it has seemed desirable to reprint them, on 
 the supposition that statistics of this kind have a value increased 
 by their continuity over considerable periods. 
 
 As the volume here printed was the only official copy, though 
 evidently compiled after 1849, it seemed proper to follow its 
 figures despite obvious small errors. The tables have however 
 been collated with the printed copies annually issued and correc- 
 tions made in the tables of diseases. For more exact comparison 
 reference may be had to the following named publications. 
 
 These tables are printed in the Collections of the Massachusetts 
 Historical society as follows : 
 
 for 1816 in 2nd Series Vol. VII. pp. 134-5. 
 
 Total 904. Note that 10 of the deaths from malignant 
 fever occurred at the Hospital, Eainsford island. 
 
 for 1817 in 2nd Series, Vol. VIII. pp. 40-41. 
 
 Total 907. Note, there were .5 deaths at Rainsford 
 island, and 173 at the Alms House. 
 
 for 1818 in 3rd Series, Vol. I. pp. 278-9. 
 
 " 1819 " do do p. 280. 
 
 Note, Total 789, to which are added those buried from 
 the Alms House and the town's poor 192 
 
 still born 89 
 
 In all 1070 
 
iv Introduction. 
 
 for 1820 in 3rd Series, Vol. I. p. 281. 
 
 " 1821 " do do pp. 282-3. 
 
 Note, total 1420, of which at Rainsford's island were 9 
 of yellow fever and 2 of chronic diarrhosa. 
 
 " 1822 in 3rd Series, Vol. I. pp. 283^4. 
 
 1823 
 
 
 do 
 
 do pp. 284-5. 
 
 1824 
 
 
 do 
 
 do pp. 285-6. 
 
 1825 
 
 
 do 
 
 Vol. IV. p. 323. 
 
 1826 
 
 
 do 
 
 do p. 324. 
 
 1827 
 
 
 do 
 
 do p. 325. 
 
 1828 
 
 
 do 
 
 do p. 326. 
 
 1829 
 
 
 do 
 
 do p. 327. 
 
 1830 
 
 
 do 
 
 do p. 328. 
 
 1831 
 
 
 do 
 
 do p. 329. 
 
 1832 
 
 
 do 
 
 do p. 330. 
 
 1833 
 
 
 do 
 
 Vol. V. p. 288. 
 
 1834 
 
 
 do 
 
 do p. 289. 
 
 1835 
 
 
 do 
 
 do p. 290. 
 
 1836 
 
 
 do 
 
 Vol. VI. p. 285. 
 
 1837 
 
 
 do 
 
 Vol. VTI. p. 284. 
 
 For the years 1821, 1825, 1836, and 1839-1848 inclusive, copies 
 of the annual broad-side are preserved in this office. 
 
 .June 25, 1849, the office of City Registrar was created by or- 
 dinance and Artemas Simonds was appointed on July 12th. His 
 first report gives the statistics for 1849 ; and they have been con- 
 tinued for each year since, excepting for the years 1860 and 1861. 
 
 For those years the records show the following figures — 
 
 1860, 5895 births ; 2530 marriages ; 4390 deaths 
 
 1861, 5824 " ; 2172 " ; 3965 " 
 
 1862, 5345 " ; 2141 " ; 4120 " 
 
 It should be noted that the figures for 1862 do not agree with 
 the printed report, as births and marriages both continue to be 
 received, recorded and numbered for every year, after the begin- 
 ning of the next year. The statistics of all the printed reports of 
 this department seem to require this very essential correction. An 
 examination of the State Reports on Registration shows various 
 discrepancies in regard to figures relating to Boston. Perhaps 
 accuracj^ is not essential in such matters, but the inaccuracies are 
 not systematic. 
 
Introduction. v^ 
 
 No comments have been made bj' me on these Bills of Mortality. 
 Fortunately a very full discussion of the subject was made in 1841 
 by Lemuel Shattuck, a gentleman of conspicuous ability, whose 
 ' Report to the City Council on the Census of Boston,' in 1845, 
 placed him at the head of our local statisticians. 
 
 As his pamphlet on the Bills of Mortality, covering the period 
 from 1811 to 1841, is seldom obtainable, it has seemed that 
 its reproduction would greatly increase the value of the present 
 volume. 
 
 Of course in a literal reprint of Mr. Shattuck's work, there was 
 no room for corrections. But it may be proper to state that since 
 he wrote, in 1841, his comments on the condition of our records, 
 much labor has been expended on the old books. Mr. ApoUonio, 
 for so many years City Registrar, caused indexes to be prepared 
 of all the records in his charge. He also did much towards the 
 preservation and arrangement of the old papers which remained in 
 the office. The present Registrar has been directed to prepare con- 
 solidated and classified indexes of Boston Births, Marriages and 
 Deaths, and the work is half completed. 
 
 Moreover the Record Commissioners, since 1875, have collected 
 transcripts of the records of all the Protestant churches in Boston, 
 established before 1800, and these volumes are now in the Regis- 
 trar's ofHce. It will be seen that the City of Boston has been 
 ready to avail of all sources to fill up the deplorable gaps in its 
 records of vital statistics. Much remains to be done, and it is 
 hoped that some law will be enacted, authorizing the copying of 
 family records of undoubted authenticity. It seems reasonable to 
 think that the census, taken every five years alternately by the 
 national and state governments, might be utilized so as to allow 
 an official record to be made of all famijies residing in the city, at 
 least in respect to the births of all persons living here. 
 
 I feel it my duty to repeat on every occasion that the births in 
 Boston between 1744 and 1849 are practically lacking. If the 
 persons now living, who were born here prior to 1849, will have the 
 kindness to bring in the evidences before it is too late, they will 
 confer a favor on this office. 
 
 W. H. WHITMORE, 
 
 Oity Registrar. 
 Boston, Oct. 1, 1893. 
 
BILLS OF MORTALITY, 
 
 1810-1849, 
 CITY OF BOSTON. 
 
THE 
 
 VITAL STATISTICS OF BOSTON; 
 
 CONTAINING 
 
 Alif ABSTRACT OF THE BILLS OF MORTALITY 
 
 rOK THE LAST TWENTT-NINE TEAES, 
 
 A GENERAL VIEW OE THE POPULATION AND HEALTH OF 
 THE CITY AT OTHER PERIODS OE ITS HISTORY. 
 
 LEMUEL SHATTUCK. 
 
 Extracted from the American Journal of the Medical Sciences, April, 1841. 
 
 PHILADELPHIA : 
 LEA &BLANCHAED. 
 
 1841. 
 
ON THE 
 
 YITAL STATISTICS OF BOSTON. 
 
 The oldest book of records of births in Boston was commenced in 1639, and 
 ■contains some of the marriages, births, and deaths of the previous years, as 
 early as 1630, and of the subsequent years, as late as 1663. This book also 
 •contains the births in several towns in Middlesex county, previous to its or- 
 ganization in 1647, and of Suifolk county, then including the present county 
 •of Norfolk, until 1663. Another volume embracing the period from 1663 
 to 1689, appears to have been lost; but a volume containing the records of 
 births only from the earliest entries until 1689, copied from the oldest book, 
 and the one supposed to have been lost, is still preserved. The next volume 
 of records of births extends from 1689 to 1744, the next from 1744 to 1819. 
 The last comprises but few pages. The records appear to have been very 
 irregularly and imperfectly kept after about 1750, and some whole years have 
 recently occurred in which very few records of this kind were made. During 
 the quarter ending Deo. 31, 1838, one birth only was recorded. In some 
 instances the births of one year are placed together in alphabetical order, in 
 others those of several years are placed together in the same manner. 
 
 The marriages prior to 1668, were recorded in the oldest book with the 
 births and deaths. From that time to 1689, the records of marriages are lost. 
 Since then they are contained in five volumes. The 1st extends from 1689 
 to 1720 ; the 2d from 1720 to 1751 ; the 3d from 1761 to 1807 ; the 4th 
 from 1807 to 1828 ; and the 6th from 1828 to the present time, though not 
 in consecutive, annual order. No records are preserved of the marriages 
 from 1663 to 1689, or from 1751 to 1761, and it is believed that very many 
 1 
 
xii Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 occnri-ed in nearly all the years which have not been recorded. Great care- 
 lessness and negligence prevails with some clergymen and magistrates in 
 keeping the records, and in making the returns. The "intentions of mar- 
 riage " are preserved in twelve volumes, extending from 1707 to the present 
 time. Those from 1818 to 1823, are lost. 
 
 The records of deaths are made with the births andmarriages prior to 1663. 
 From that time until 1689 they are lost. From 1689 to 1719 they are pre- 
 served in a separate volume ; and fi'om that time till 1810 very few deaths 
 are recorded, and such as are, appear in the volume with the births. 
 
 None of these volumes of records, either of births, marriages, or deaths,, 
 are provided with indexes ; and a search for a fact concerning the personal 
 history of an individual — the only object for which they are valuable — is 
 attended with great labor, and is often fruitless even when the desired fad is- 
 recorded. The records are so imperfect, that no general results of any value 
 in statistics, to determine the law of population, or of mortality, could be 
 drawn from any abstract which we could make. It is much to be regretted 
 that our system of registration is such, that we cannot present, in any period 
 of our history, an accurate account of the number of births and marriages. 
 We hope to see a system of registration soon adopted, which will supply 
 all existing deficiencies.* 
 
 From 1701 to 177J:, the keepers of the several burying-grounds made 
 returns once a week of the number of deaths in Boston, specifying the 
 whites and blacks separately, but not their ages. The number of baptisms 
 was also returned by the several clergymen. Both were published in the- 
 newspapers from 1731 to 1774. From these returns an annual statement 
 was compiled and published. We have collected these annual statements, 
 and arranged them with that of the population, in a table, (see Table /,) 
 which exhibits some important information in regard to the health and con- 
 dition of the town during that period. These returns may be relied on, 
 with considerable confidence, as being very nearly correct. The populationi 
 of Boston was estimated at the beginning of the last century to have been 
 about 6,760, and the annual deaths to be 230 — one in 19.3, or 3.4 per 
 cent. The deaths from 1705 to 1714, inclusive, were 3,341, and from, 
 1715 to 1724, 4,350, giving an annual average of about 1 in 24, or 4.09 
 per cent. I have estimated the population in the period from 1725 to- 
 1734, according to two enumerations, one taken in 1722, the other in 1735. 
 The census was taken in 1742, in 1752, and in 1765, which forms the basis 
 of the estimation in the other periods mentioned. It will be perceived that 
 
 * The author of this article has obtained a, knowledge of the different systems of regis- 
 tration of births, deaths, and marriages in use in Europe, and he has prepared one which 
 seemed to him best adapted to the institations of our own country. He has been solicited 
 to bring it before the state legislatures for adoption. 
 
Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. xiii 
 
 Boston contained more population from 1740 to 1745, than at any other 
 period before the revolution. 
 
 Table I, showing the progress of the population in Boston, for the fifty years from \T2A 
 to 1774 divided into periods of 10 years each. 
 
 -In regard to 
 
 1725-1734 
 
 1735-1744 
 
 1745-1754 
 
 1755-1764 
 
 1765-1774 
 
 Population. — White . 
 
 11900 
 
 14750 
 
 14190 
 
 14390 
 
 14672 
 
 Black . 
 
 1100 
 
 1250 
 
 1541 
 
 1241 
 
 848 
 
 Total . 
 
 .13000 
 
 16000 
 
 15731 
 
 16681 
 
 15520 
 
 Average annual Baptisms 
 
 528 
 
 578 
 
 474 
 
 413 
 
 443 
 
 Population to 1 baptism 
 
 24 
 
 28 
 
 33 
 
 38 
 
 35 
 
 Deaths to 100 baptisms . 
 
 77 
 
 82 
 
 123 
 
 107 
 
 104 
 
 Average annual Deaths. — 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Whites . 
 
 407 
 
 479 
 
 585 
 
 444 
 
 462 
 
 Blacks . 
 
 95 
 
 91 
 
 86 
 
 70 
 
 59 
 
 Both . 
 
 502 
 
 570 
 
 671 
 
 514 
 
 521 
 
 White population to 1 death 
 
 29 
 
 30 
 
 24 
 
 36 
 
 31 
 
 Deaths in 100 white popula- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 tion 
 
 3.42 
 
 2.99 
 
 4.12 
 
 3.08 
 
 3.16 
 
 Black population to 1 death 
 
 12 
 
 14 
 
 18 
 
 18 
 
 14 
 
 Deaths in 100 black popula- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 tion 
 
 8.68 
 
 7.28 
 
 5.58 
 
 5.64 
 
 6.95 
 
 Whole population to 1 death 
 
 26 
 
 28 
 
 23 
 
 34 
 
 30 
 
 Deaths to 100 whole popula- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 tion 
 
 3.86 
 
 3.56 
 
 4.26 
 
 3.28 
 
 3.35 
 
 Baptisms to 100 deaths . 
 
 129 
 
 120 
 
 81 
 
 93 
 
 95 
 
 It was customary, at that early period, to baptize neai-Iy all the infants, 
 but toward the last part of the time, embraced in the table, the practice began 
 to be neglected. The returns of baptisms should not, therefore, be taken as 
 a complete return of the births. We made an attempt to obtain the number 
 •of marriages, but the records are so imperfect it was abandoned. 
 
 It will be perceived, by comparing this table with others directly to be 
 presented, that the mortality In Boston was much higher then than at the 
 present time. The lowest mortality was in 1755 to 1764, being 514^ — 
 one in 34, or 3.24 per cent, of the population, annually ; the highest was in 
 1745 to 1754, being 671 — one in 23, or 4.26 per cent. This is just double 
 the mortality, which prevailed in 1826 to 1835, being then only 2.13 
 per cent. The lowest moi-tality in any single year was 407, or 1 in 38, in 
 1763 ; the highest 909, or 1 in 14, in 1730, and 1009, or 1 in 15, in 1752. 
 
 The mortality of the black, was much greater than that of the white 
 population. In the first period mentioned in the table, it was as low as at 
 any time. One in 18, or 5.64 per cent, of the black population, died, show- 
 ing a difference of 2.66 per cent., as compared with the mortality of the 
 whites. The highest mortality among the blacks was in 1725 to 1734, 
 being 1 in 12, or 8.64 per cent. These are very striking facts, but are 
 accounted for, in some measure, by the prevalence of the small-pox and 
 ■other epidemics, which often visited the town at that time, and which seem 
 to have been peculiarly fatal to the black population. 
 
XIV 
 
 Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 The Small-Pox prevailed in Boston as an epidemic in 1649, 1666, 1678, 
 1690, and 1702. It is said to have been very fatal in 1678, but we have no 
 particular account of the number of its victims. In 1702, 302 died of this dis- 
 ease, being about 44 per 1000 of the inhabitants. In 1721, the disease broke 
 out with great violence ; and 5759 persons (more than half the inhabitants,) 
 had it the natural way, of whom. 844, or 1 in 7 died. Inoculation was then, 
 for the first time, introduced, but not without great opposition. Two hundred 
 and forty-seven were inoculated, of whom 6, or 1 in 42 died. Mather, who 
 wrote an account of the epidemic at that time, says that " Cats had a regu- 
 lar small-pox, and died of it ; " and that " pigeons and dunghill fowls did not 
 lay nor hatch " during the prevalence of the disorder ! In 1730, it has been 
 estimated that 4,000 oases occurred, of which about one-tenth were by inoc- 
 itlation. Of these about 600 died. 
 
 In 1762, the disease appeared again in Boston, and became very fatal. 
 The town then contained 15,684 inhabitants ; of these 6,998 were supposed 
 to have had the disease. One thousand eight hundred and forty-three re- 
 moved out of town. All the remainder, except 174, had the disease by 
 inoculation, or the natural way. We have compiled the following statement, 
 to illustrate the prevalence of the disease at this period : — 
 
 Persons. 
 
 Natural. 
 
 Inoculated. j 
 
 Cases. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Ratio per 
 1000. 
 
 Cases. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Ratio per 
 1000 
 
 12 
 43 
 14 
 
 Whites 
 Black . 
 Both 
 
 5060 
 
 485 
 
 5545 
 
 470 
 
 69 
 
 539 
 
 92 
 
 142 
 
 97 
 
 1985 
 
 139 
 
 2124 
 
 24 
 
 6 
 
 30 
 
 It appears from this statement, that the liability to death by this disease 
 among the blacks, was about 60 per cent, greater than among the whites, 
 when taken in the natural way ; and more than three times as great, when 
 taken by inoculation. The deaths took place in the different months of the 
 year, as follows : — 
 
 Month. 
 
 Natural. 
 
 Inoculated. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Whites. 
 
 Blacks. 
 
 Whites. 
 
 Blacks. 
 
 January 
 
 February 
 
 March 
 
 April 
 
 May 
 
 June 
 
 July 
 
 Augnst 
 
 September 
 
 Total 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 20 
 
 205 
 
 203 
 
 31 
 
 5 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 39 
 20 
 
 8 
 1 
 
 20 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 2 
 
 
 
 47 
 
 248 
 
 223 
 
 ~39 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 470 
 
 69 24 
 
 6 
 
 5(19 
 
Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 In the twenty days, beginning May 19, there were 220 deaths, averagings 
 10 per day. On the 1st June, 25 took place. 
 
 This disease occurred again in 176i, In 1776, in 1778, and in 1792. The 
 following statement exhibits its ravages in the last named period. The town 
 then contained about 18,000 inhabitants, of whom 10,665 were supposed 
 to have had the disease, 262 removed out of town, and 221 only remained un- 
 affected, liable to the disease. The rest had it. The cases by the natural 
 way, and by inoculation, were as follow : — 
 
 Persons. 
 
 Natural. 
 
 Inoculated. 1 
 
 Cases. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Ratio per 
 1000. 
 
 Cases. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Ratio per 
 1000 
 
 White 
 Black 
 Both 
 
 2U 
 
 18 
 
 232 
 
 27 
 
 6 
 
 33 
 
 125 
 333 
 141 
 
 8804 
 
 348 
 
 9152 
 
 157 
 
 7 
 
 165 
 
 17 
 20 
 18 
 
 The following table exhibits a view of the disease at every period of its 
 appearance in Boston, after 1720 : — 
 
 Year. 
 
 Cases. 
 
 Deaths 
 
 Ratio per 1000 of 
 the population. 
 
 Natural. 
 
 Inoculated. 
 
 Sicl!:. 
 
 Died. 
 
 Cases. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Ratio 
 per 1000 
 
 Cases. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Ratio 
 per 1000 
 
 1721 
 1730 
 1752 
 1764 
 1776 
 1778 
 1792 
 
 6006 
 4000 
 7669 
 5646 
 5292 
 2243 
 8346 
 
 850 
 500 
 569 
 170 
 57 
 61 
 198 
 
 546 
 266 
 489 
 364 
 441 
 166 
 460 
 
 77 
 33 
 36 
 11 
 
 4 
 10 
 
 5759 
 3600 
 5545 
 669 
 304 
 122 
 232 
 
 844 
 
 488 
 
 539 
 
 124 
 
 29 
 
 42 
 
 33 
 
 148 
 135 
 
 97 
 185 
 
 95 
 344 
 142 
 
 247 
 400 
 2124 
 4977 
 4988 
 2121 
 8114 
 
 6 
 12 
 30 
 46 
 18 
 29 
 165 
 
 24 
 
 30 
 
 17 
 
 9 
 
 5 
 
 9 
 
 18 
 
 Measles prevailed in 1713, 1729, 1759, and 1772, and was the cause of 
 many deaths. 
 
 In 1745, an epidemic fever occurred of a very fatal character. 
 
 The Scarlet fever was first introduced into Boston in 1735, and during 
 that and the next year was very prevalent. About 4000 persons were sick 
 with it, of whom 1 in 35 died. At this time it spread generally through the 
 New England towns, carrying off in some instances whole families. In 
 Kingston, where the usual annual mortality was not above 9 or 10, it rose 
 in 1785 to 102, and this great increase of mortality was not unusual in other 
 places. It is somewhat singular, that after the lapse of just about a cen- 
 tury, it should have prevailed again as one of the most fatal diseases of New 
 England. 
 
 A new system of registration for the deaths only went into operation in 
 
 Oct. 1810, and has since been continued with some slight modifications. 
 
 These records are all preserved. At first the town was divided into three 
 
 districts, the north, middle, and south, and a separate register kept for each, 
 
 2 
 
xvi Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 under the direction of the Board of Health. The particulars recorded were, 
 1st, The date of death and burial ; 2d, The age and sex; 3d, To what family 
 belonging ; 4th, The disease, or cause of death ; 5th, The number or name 
 of the tomb where interred, designating the burial ground, and whether a 
 citizen or stranger ; and 6th, Remarks. The district system was given up 
 in 1822, at the incorporation of the city, and the office of superintendent of 
 burial grounds was created. This office has since been filled by Mr. 
 Samuel H. Hewes, and he has kept the records of the deaths of the whole 
 city. A " General Abstract of the Bill of Mortality " has been printed an- 
 nually since 1811, specifying the number of deaths each month in the year, 
 distinguishing the males from the females, and the age under 1 ; 1 to 2 ; 2 
 to 6 ; 5 to 10 ; 10 to 20, and each decennial period afterwards to 100. These 
 abstracts specify also the number of deaths by each disease, but not the age, 
 sex, season, and other particulars, which ought to have been noticed. 
 Heavy penalties were imposed for burying without permission; and it is 
 presumed that all, or very nearly all, the deaths that have taken place in the 
 city are recorded. And the " bills,'' as far as they go, contain a faithful 
 abstract of the records, and may be generally relied on as correct. 
 
 Table II, 
 
 the distribution of the popvlation of Boston according to age, sex, and 
 colour, at seven different enurnerations. 
 
 Ages. 
 
 1765. 
 
 1790. 
 
 Males. 
 
 Females. 
 
 Differ'e. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Males. 
 
 Females. 
 
 Difference. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Under 16 . . 
 16 and upwards 
 
 Whites . 
 Coloured 
 
 Total . 
 
 Under 10 
 10 to 16 . . . 
 16 to 26 . . . 
 26 to 45 . . 
 45 and upwards 
 
 Whites . . . 
 Coloured . . 
 
 Total . . 
 
 Under 10 
 10 to 16 . . . 
 16 to 26 . . . 
 26 to 45 . . . 
 45 and upwards 
 
 Whites. . . . 
 Coloured . . 
 
 Total . . . 
 
 4109 
 
 2941 
 
 4010 
 3612 
 
 +99 
 —671 
 
 8119 
 6553 
 
 3376 
 4325 
 
 
 
 
 7050 
 531 
 
 7622 
 317 
 
 —572 
 +14 
 
 14672 
 848 
 
 7701 
 
 9576 
 
 — 1875 
 
 17277 
 761 
 
 7581 
 
 7939 
 
 —558 
 
 15520 
 
 7701 
 
 9576 
 
 —1875 
 
 18038 
 
 1800. 
 
 1810. 1 
 
 3057 
 1406 
 2478 
 2999 
 1334 
 
 3083 
 1499 
 2998 
 3110 
 1799 
 
 —26 
 
 —93 
 
 —520 
 
 —111 
 
 —465 
 
 6140 
 2905 
 5476 
 6109 
 3133 
 
 4391 
 1860 
 3578 
 4165 
 1346 
 
 4349 
 2081 
 3989 
 4140 
 
 1887 
 
 +42 
 —221 
 —411 
 
 +25 
 —541 
 
 8740 
 3941 
 7567 
 8305 
 3233 
 
 11274 
 
 11489 
 
 — 1215 
 
 23763 
 1174 
 
 15340 
 
 16446 
 
 —1106 
 
 31786 
 1464 
 
 11274 
 
 12489 
 
 —1215 
 
 24937 
 
 15340 
 
 16446 
 
 —1106 
 
 33250 
 
 1820. 1 
 
 1825. 1 
 
 5283 
 2416 
 3564 
 7345 
 1500 
 
 5399 
 2965 
 4544 
 5973 
 2569 
 
 —116 
 
 —549 
 
 —980 
 
 +1372 
 
 —1069 
 
 10682 
 5381 
 8108 
 
 13318 
 4069 
 
 6206 
 3061 
 7622 
 8458 
 2560 
 
 6309 
 3616 
 7589 
 7739 
 3204 
 
 —103 
 —555 
 +33 
 +719 
 —664 
 
 12515 
 
 6677 
 
 15211 
 
 16197 
 
 5764 
 
 20108 
 809 
 
 21450 
 931 
 
 —1342 
 —122 
 
 41558 
 1740 
 
 27907 
 974 
 
 28453 
 943 
 
 —550 
 +31 
 
 56364 
 1917 
 
 20917 
 
 22381 
 
 1464 
 
 4B298 
 
 28881 
 
 29396 
 
 —515 
 
 5828 
 
Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 1830. 
 
 Ages. 
 
 MalQB. 
 
 Femalea. 
 
 Diflfnce. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Proportion 
 
 of femalCHto 
 
 lOO males. 
 
 Propor- 
 tion each 
 ago. 
 
 Surviv'g 
 
 Propor- 
 tion sur- 
 viving. 
 
 Proportion 
 surviving 
 
 each age 
 that are in 
 
 next age 
 
 Under 5 
 
 3818 
 
 4004 
 
 —186 
 
 7822 
 
 104.87 
 
 13.14 
 
 59517 
 
 100.— 
 
 13.14 
 
 5 to 10 
 
 2941 
 
 ' 2978 
 
 —37 
 
 5919 
 
 101.25 
 
 9.95 
 
 51695 
 
 86.86 
 
 11.44 
 
 10 to 20 
 
 5634 
 
 6391 
 
 —757 
 
 12025 
 
 113.43 
 
 20.20 
 
 45776 
 
 76.91 
 
 26.26 
 
 20 to 30 
 
 7729 
 
 7958 
 
 —229 
 
 15687 
 
 102.96 
 
 26.36 
 
 33751 
 
 56.71 
 
 46.47 
 
 30 to 40 
 
 4132 
 
 4661 
 
 —529 
 
 8793 
 
 112.80 
 
 14.78 
 
 18064 
 
 30.35 
 
 48.67 
 
 40 to 50 
 
 2168 
 
 2698 
 
 —530 
 
 4866 
 
 124.44 
 
 8.18 
 
 9271 
 
 15.57 
 
 52.48 
 
 50 to 60 
 
 1077 
 
 1413 
 
 —336 
 
 2490 
 
 131.19 
 
 4.18 
 
 4405 
 
 7.39 
 
 56.52 
 
 60 to 70 
 
 475 
 
 801 
 
 —326 
 
 1276 
 
 168.63 
 
 2.14 
 
 1915 
 
 3.21 
 
 66 63 
 
 70 to 80 
 
 164 
 
 325 
 
 —161 
 
 489 
 
 198.17 
 
 .82 
 
 639 
 
 1.07 
 
 76.52 
 
 80 to 90 
 
 81 
 
 105 
 
 —74 
 
 136 
 
 338.70 
 
 23 
 
 150 
 
 .25 
 
 90.66 
 
 90 to 100 
 "Whites 
 
 2 
 
 12 
 
 -10 
 
 14 
 
 600.00 
 
 2 
 
 14 
 
 .02 
 
 100.— 
 
 28171 
 
 31346 
 
 —3175 
 
 59517 
 
 111.26 
 
 100.00 
 
 
 
 
 Colored 
 Total 
 
 865 
 
 1.010 
 
 -145 
 
 1875 
 
 116.76 
 
 
 
 
 
 29036 
 
 32.356 
 
 —3320 
 
 61392 
 
 111.43 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tables of an improved form might have been prepared from the exist- 
 ing records, but to render them as perfect as they ought to be, some modi- 
 fication in the system of keeping the records is necessary. We have 
 ■compiled from the series of printed abstracts, now before us, several tables, 
 containing important facts and deductions in relation to the vital statistics 
 of Boston. Some others might have been presented had we gone back 
 to the original records, but they would hardly have paid the great labour 
 required for compilation. To render these tables more clearly understood, 
 :the condition of the population should be known. We have, therefore, com- 
 piled several tables from the different censuses, to illustrate this point. 
 
 We have already given an account of the population of Boston previous 
 "to 1775. Table II presents the particulars of the population according to 
 the several different enumerations from 1765 to 1830. From this table we 
 have compiled the following abstract, to exhibit the increase of the popula- 
 tion : — 
 
 'Table III, showing the increase of the population at eight enumerations, from 1790 to 
 
 1837. 
 
 Years. 
 
 Population. 
 
 Actual Increase. 
 
 Increase per cent. 
 
 One in 
 
 Square 
 
 y'rds to 
 
 each. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Annual. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Annual. 
 
 1790 
 1800 
 1810 
 1820 
 1825 
 1830 
 1835 
 1837 
 
 18.038 
 24.937 
 33.250 
 43.298 
 58.281 
 61.392 
 78.603 
 80.325 
 
 6899 
 
 8313 
 10048 
 14983 
 
 3111 
 17211 
 
 1722 
 
 689.9 
 
 831.3 
 1004.8 
 2996.6 
 
 622.2 
 3442.2 
 
 861.0 
 
 38.24 
 33.33 
 30.22 
 84.60 
 
 5.38 
 28.03 
 
 2.19 
 
 3.82 
 3.33 
 3.02 
 6.92 
 1.06 
 5.60 
 1.09 
 
 26 
 30 
 33 
 14 
 94 
 17 
 91 
 
 201 
 145 
 109 
 83 
 64 
 62 
 49 
 49 
 
 From this statement it appears that the greatest increase of the population 
 -was from 1820 to 1825, being 14,988, equal to an annual increase of 6.92 
 
Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 per cent., or 1 in li. The least increase was in 1825 to 1830, being only 
 1.06 per cent, annually. The whole increase from 1790 to 1837, was 445.3- 
 per cent., or doubling the first mentioned number about 4i times. 
 
 In 1796, Boston, exclusive of South Boston, was estimated to contain 
 750 acres, or 3,630,000 square yards, including the streets. This may not 
 have been strictly correct, but was an approximation to the truth ; and proba- 
 bly the inhabited parts do not now contain more than that quantity of terri- 
 tory. This would give 201 square yards to each inhabitant in 1790, and 
 49 in 1837, being an increased density of 5 to 1. 
 
 Table IV, showing the population living at each age of the different sexes. 
 
 
 Proportion of females to 100 males. 
 
 Proportiot 
 
 of population living 
 
 at each age. 
 
 Age. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1800 
 
 1810 
 
 1820 
 
 1825 
 
 1800 
 25.84 
 
 1810 
 27.50 
 
 1820 
 25.74 
 
 1825 
 
 Under 10 
 
 100.85 
 
 99.04 
 
 102.19 
 
 101.65 
 
 22.20 
 
 10 to 16 
 
 106.61 
 
 111.88 
 
 122.72 
 
 111.59 
 
 12.23 
 
 12.40 
 
 12.97 
 
 11.84 
 
 16 to 26 
 
 120.98 
 
 111.48 
 
 127.49 
 
 99.56 
 
 23.04 
 
 2:^.80 
 
 19.51 
 
 26.99 
 
 26 to 45 
 
 103.70 
 
 99.39 
 
 81.32 
 
 91.49 
 
 25.71 
 
 26.13 
 
 31.99 
 
 28.74 
 
 45 and 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 upwards 
 Total. 
 
 134.81 
 
 140.19 
 
 171.33 
 
 125.11 
 
 13.18 
 100.00 
 
 10.17 
 100.00 
 
 9.79 
 
 10.23 
 
 110.77 
 
 107.30 
 
 102.10 
 
 101.96 
 
 100.00 
 
 100 00 
 
 The proportion of living males to living females deserves consideration.. 
 There have been in Boston more females than males. The proportion of 
 the aggregate number of each sex of all ages was in 1790, as 100 males to 
 104.72 females, and in 1800, as 100 to 110.77. The proportion, however, 
 became more equal in 1825, when it was reduced, and was as 100 to 
 101.96. In 1830, it was as 100 to 111.43. These facts will appear from 
 Table IV, which also shows the census of 1830, and the proportion of each 
 sex living at the different ages. In 1810 there were less females than males- 
 living under 10 years. At all other periods under 26 j'ears, excepting 1825, 
 there were more females than males. In the ages 26 to 45, there were more 
 males than females at each enumeration excepting 1800. Above 45 there 
 were from 25 to 70 per cent, more females than males. The most striking' 
 difference was in 1820. The proportion of the sexes then changes in the 
 ages 26 to 45 ; to the ages 45 and upwards, from 81.52 to 171.33 per cent., 
 a difference of 90 per cent. This shows the changeable nature of our popu- 
 lation. The ages of 24 to 45 embrace the transient inhabitants — persons 
 in single life, who come here to reside a few years, and afterwards remove. 
 The proportion of population living at all ages will also appear from this 
 table. 
 
 In the census for 1830, we have exhibited the proportion of males \jo- 
 females, and the proportion of both, living at each age ; the number sur- 
 viving, and the proportion per cent, of the surviving at each age ; and the 
 proportion of the number surviving each age, that do not attain the next 
 higher age. These deductions are important, as showing the laws of lon- 
 gevity. 
 
Sbattnck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 XIX 
 
 The proportion of white to coloured population has been about the same 
 at each of the enumerations, excepting the last two, when the whites had 
 increased, as will appear from the following statement : 
 
 Proportion. 
 
 In 1790. 
 
 In 1800. 
 
 In 1810. 
 
 In 1820. 
 
 In 1825. 
 
 In 1830. 
 
 Of whites. 
 
 95.78 
 
 95.30 
 
 95.60 
 
 95.98 
 
 96.71 
 
 96.95 
 
 Of coloured. 
 
 4.22 
 
 4.70 
 
 4.40 
 
 4.02 
 
 3.29 
 
 3.05 
 
 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 
 
 This shows that in 1790, of the whole population, 95.78 per cent, were 
 white, and the remainder, 4.22, were coloured. In 1830, the proportion of 
 whites had increased, and the coloured decreased, 1.17 per cent. 
 
 Table V, shmving the influences of the different yean on the number of the deaths, dis- 
 tinguishing the males from the females, and the stillborn, and the proportion to the popu- 
 lation. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Propoi 
 
 tion to 
 
 Years. 
 
 PopulalioD. 
 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 
 
 population. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Males. 
 
 Females 
 
 Diff'nce 
 
 Total. 
 
 Still 
 bom. 
 
 Total. 
 
 One in 
 
 Percent 
 
 1811 
 
 34.255 
 
 373 
 
 375 
 
 —2 
 
 748 
 
 46 
 
 794 
 
 45 
 
 3.18 
 
 1812 
 
 35.260 
 
 286 
 
 847 
 
 —61 
 
 633 
 
 48 
 
 681 
 
 55 
 
 1.85 
 
 1813 
 
 36.264 
 
 416 
 
 334 
 
 +82 
 
 750 
 
 36 
 
 786 
 
 48 
 
 2.06 
 
 1814 
 
 37.269 
 
 367 
 
 328 
 
 +39 
 
 695 
 
 32 
 
 727 
 
 53 
 
 1.86 
 
 1815 
 
 38.274 
 
 407 
 
 433 
 
 —16 
 
 830 
 
 21 
 
 851 
 
 46 
 
 2.16 
 
 1816 
 
 39.279 
 
 440 
 
 433 
 
 +7 
 
 873 
 
 31 
 
 904 
 
 45 
 
 2.22 
 
 1817 
 
 40.284 
 
 453 
 
 422 
 
 +31 
 
 875 
 
 33 
 
 908 
 
 46 
 
 2.17 
 
 1818 
 
 41.288 
 
 486 
 
 439 
 
 --47 
 
 927 
 
 46 
 
 971 
 
 44 
 
 2.23 
 
 1819 
 
 42.293 
 
 423 
 
 366 
 
 --57 
 
 789 
 
 89 
 
 878 
 
 53 
 
 1.86 
 
 1820 
 
 43.298 
 
 505 
 
 509 
 
 —4 
 
 1014 
 
 89 
 
 1103 
 
 42 
 
 2.31 
 
 Mean. 
 
 
 415.6 
 
 397.6 
 
 +180 
 
 813.2 
 
 47.1 
 
 860.3 
 
 47 
 
 2.09 
 
 1821 
 
 46.295 
 
 678 
 
 643 
 
 
 (-35 
 
 1321 
 
 99 
 
 1420 
 
 35 
 
 2.85 
 
 1822 
 
 49.291 
 
 570 
 
 518 
 
 
 r52 
 
 1088 
 
 115 
 
 1208 
 
 45 
 
 2.20 
 
 1823 
 
 52.288 
 
 531 
 
 514 
 
 
 -17 
 
 1045 
 
 109 
 
 1154 
 
 50 
 
 1.99 
 
 1824 
 
 55.284 
 
 623 
 
 585 
 
 
 -38 
 
 1208 
 
 89 
 
 1297 
 
 45 
 
 2.18 
 
 1825 
 
 58.281 
 
 692 
 
 670 
 
 
 -22 
 
 1362 
 
 88 
 
 1450 
 
 42 
 
 2.33 
 
 1826 
 
 58.903 
 
 623 
 
 544 
 
 
 -79 
 
 1167 
 
 87 
 
 1254 
 
 50 
 
 1.98 
 
 1827 
 
 59.525 
 
 495 
 
 444 
 
 
 -51 
 
 939 
 
 83 
 
 1022 
 
 63 
 
 1.57 
 
 1828 
 
 60.147 
 
 603 
 
 556 
 
 
 -47 
 
 1159 
 
 74 
 
 1233 
 
 51 
 
 1.92 
 
 1829 
 
 60.769 
 
 600 
 
 556 
 
 
 -44 
 
 1156 
 
 65 
 
 1221 
 
 52 
 
 1.90 
 
 1830 
 
 61.392 
 
 532 
 
 493 
 
 
 -39 
 
 1025 
 
 100 
 
 1125 
 
 59 
 
 1.66 
 
 Mean. 
 
 
 594.7 
 
 552.3 
 
 +424 
 
 1147.0 
 
 90.9 
 
 1237.9 
 
 49 
 
 2.05 
 
 1831 
 
 64.834 
 
 676 
 
 677 
 
 —1 
 
 1358 
 
 71 
 
 1424 
 
 47 
 
 2.08 
 
 1832 
 
 68.276 
 
 840 
 
 835 
 
 +5 
 
 1675 
 
 86 
 
 1761 
 
 40 
 
 2.45 
 
 1833 
 
 71.780 
 
 679 
 
 695 
 
 —16 
 
 1374 
 
 102 
 
 1476 
 
 52 
 
 1.91 
 
 1834 
 
 75.160 
 
 765 
 
 675 
 
 —10 
 
 1440 
 
 114 
 
 1554 
 
 52 
 
 1.91 
 
 1835 
 
 78.603 
 
 991 
 
 828 
 
 +163 
 
 1819 
 
 95 
 
 1914 
 
 43 
 
 2.31 
 
 1836 
 
 79.464 
 
 831 
 
 817 
 
 +14 
 
 1648 
 
 122 
 
 1770 
 
 48 
 
 2.07 
 
 1837 
 
 80.325 
 
 875 
 
 868 
 
 +7 
 
 1743 
 
 100 
 
 1843 
 
 46 
 
 2.16 
 
 1838 
 
 81.186 
 
 937 
 
 862 
 
 + 75 
 
 1799 
 
 121 
 
 1920 
 
 45 
 
 2.21 
 
 1839 
 
 82.215 
 
 868 
 
 859 
 
 +241 
 
 1722 
 
 141 
 
 1863 
 
 44 
 
 2.23 
 
 Mean. 
 
 
 745.7 
 
 711.6 
 
 +241 
 
 1457.3 
 
 95.2 
 
 1552.5 
 
 45 
 
 2.14 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2* 
 
 
 
 
 
 
XX 
 
 Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 The preceding table, (Table V,) being the first compiled from the printed 
 bills of mortality, presents a general view of the number of deaths each 
 year, from 1811 to 1839, distinguishing the males from the females. The 
 still-born, having never lived, are excluded from the number of deaths in all 
 correct bills of mortality, and are here placed in a separate column. The 
 population at the different enumerations, and the estimated population 
 for the intervening years, and the ratio which the deaths bear to the popula- 
 tion, are given. The least mortality in one year was in 1827, being 939, 
 one in 63, or 1.57 per cent., and the greatest in 1821, being 1,321, one in 
 35, or 2.85 per cent. The average annual deaths were 813, from 1811 to 
 1830 — one in 47, or 2.09 per cent., 1147 from 1821 to 1830 — one in 49, or 
 2.05 per cent., and 1,552 from 1831 to 1839 — one in 46, or 2.14 per cent,, 
 showing a small increase in the force of mortality. 
 
 Mortality of different Ages. — The number of deaths varies very much in 
 the different ages, being in some much greater than in others. We have 
 presented in table VI the number who have died under 1, between 1 and 2, 
 2 and 5, 5 and 10, and at each subsequent decennial period of life. This has 
 been done for the diiferent sexes, and in the different periods of time — the 10 
 years, 1811 to 1820, and 1821 to 1830, and the 9 years, 1831 to 1839, that 
 we might institute a comparison between the different periods, to ascertain 
 whether the proportion of deaths was the same in each, and also for the whole 
 29 years. The greatest number of deaths in any one period mentioned, is 
 under one year, in the period 1831 to 1839, being 2861. The next greatest 
 is between 20 and 30 of the same pei-iod, being 1843. The least number is 
 between 90 and 100. 
 
 Table Vl, showing the infiuences on the number of deaths in different ages, distinguishing 
 the males fro7n the females, in three different periods of time. 
 
 
 
 1811-1820 
 
 
 1821-1830 
 
 
 1831-1839. 
 
 1811-1839. 1 
 
 Age 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Males 
 
 Femalea 
 
 Total. 
 
 Males 
 
 Femalea 
 
 Total. 
 
 Males 
 
 Fem'ls 
 
 Total. 
 2861 
 
 Males 
 
 Fem'ls 
 
 Total. 
 
 Undei 
 
 1 
 
 765 
 
 610 
 
 1376 
 
 1120 
 
 833 
 
 1982 
 
 1696 
 
 1265 
 
 3490 
 
 2708 
 
 6198 
 
 Ito 
 
 2 
 
 435 
 
 397 
 
 832 
 
 580 
 
 640 
 
 1220 
 
 848 
 
 933 
 
 1781 
 
 1863 
 
 1970 
 
 3833 
 
 2 to 
 
 b 
 
 267 
 
 224 
 
 491 
 
 428 
 
 365 
 
 793 
 
 849 
 
 749 
 
 1598 
 
 1544 
 
 1338 
 
 2882 
 
 6 to 
 
 30 
 
 151 
 
 183 
 
 284 
 
 233 
 
 173 
 
 406 
 
 344 
 
 276 
 
 619 
 
 728 
 
 581 
 
 1309 
 
 10 to 
 
 20 
 
 194 
 
 236 
 
 430 
 
 234 
 
 299 
 
 633 
 
 272 
 
 463 
 
 735 
 
 700 
 
 998 
 
 1698 
 
 20 to 
 
 30 
 
 648 
 
 685 
 
 1133 
 
 671 
 
 733 
 
 1404 
 
 871 
 
 972 
 
 1843 
 
 2000 
 
 2290 
 
 4380 
 
 30 to 
 
 40 
 
 609 
 
 471 
 
 980 
 
 750 
 
 642 
 
 1392 
 
 913 
 
 738 
 
 1651 
 
 2172 
 
 1851 
 
 4023 
 
 40 to 
 
 .■)(! 
 
 497 
 
 374 
 
 871 
 
 623 
 
 466 
 
 1089 
 
 651 
 
 606 
 
 1166 
 
 1771 
 
 1345 
 
 3116 
 
 60 to 
 
 60 
 
 300 
 
 260 
 
 680 
 
 389 
 
 331 
 
 720 
 
 466 
 
 365 
 
 821 
 
 1145 
 
 956 
 
 2101 
 
 60 to 
 
 70 
 
 201 
 
 265 
 
 466 
 
 233 
 
 287 
 
 620 
 
 303 
 
 343 
 
 646 
 
 737 
 
 885 
 
 1622 
 
 70 to 
 
 80 
 
 160 
 
 226 
 
 386 
 
 181 
 
 24S 
 
 429 
 
 198 
 
 298 
 
 496 
 
 539 
 
 772 
 
 1311 
 
 80 to 
 
 90 
 
 74 
 
 119 
 
 193 
 
 89 
 
 137 
 
 226 
 
 85 
 
 140 
 
 225 
 
 248 
 
 306 
 
 644 
 
 goto 
 
 100 
 
 5 
 
 24 
 
 29 
 
 11 
 
 26 
 
 37 
 
 16 
 
 38 
 
 51 
 
 31 
 
 86 
 
 117 
 
 8iim 
 
 
 4106 
 
 3914 
 
 8020 
 
 5651 
 
 6180 
 
 10731 
 
 7401 
 
 7082 
 
 14483 
 
 17058 
 
 16176 
 
 33234 
 
 Unknown 
 
 50 
 
 62 
 
 112 
 
 396 
 
 343 
 
 737 
 
 56 
 
 34 
 
 90 
 
 602 
 
 439 
 
 941 
 34175 
 
 Total 
 
 4156 
 
 8976 
 
 8132 
 
 6947 
 
 6523 
 
 11470 
 
 7457 
 
 7116 
 
 14673 
 
 17560 
 
 16616 
 
Shattuck' on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 XXI 
 
 s 
 
 ■i^'S 
 
 
 53 5^1 
 
 !«> 
 
 IE 
 
 <:>Q 
 
 S S 
 s S> 
 
 S Si 
 ■■s s 
 
 s 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 
 1-1 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 ■aSB ixaa aq% aiojsq 8tp oqAi aSu 
 panoT^aara ^sag aqj aAiAane oqAi 
 asoq'i JO "iuoo .lad aoiiiodoad 
 
 CfiO-«*'»ocoio':Dio-*(?q^ 
 CO t^ c: «? cq ■* CO no -*' --H* O 
 
 ^ (MCOCOCO^CDCo2 
 
 
 h 
 
 ■S-a 
 
 P 
 30 
 
 OQ 
 
 ll 
 
 O-H-^CDCOCOUOOOtMOlO 
 
 oci<niOQO'^'d;t-;cooico 
 
 ddcq't^-THcOuOCSiO'-' 
 
 o wo ITS -* CO cq >-i 
 
 1 
 
 
 coco-^aieouoascoiMco— « 
 co-*cqco'*oscO'-'t-t-io 
 ^c^'^Docococq'^t-cq 
 
 ■THC»t-CDiCCO(Mr-. 
 
 
 OH V fl 
 
 If 
 
 
 C;t^QOCOOcot-CO<M>iOnO 
 OCMOt-'^Oi'^-if'^iCCO 
 CO^iOWi-Hb^ld^COi-i 
 
 8 
 
 d 
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 « si 
 
 OCDlflCOi-HCOi-'CDCDUOT-l 
 
 'it-^co-^iiOiccq-^oiCNio 
 
 CT:0 1--CO'X)--IQOCD'=J-(M 
 !X) rH I-H rH 
 
 CO 
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 00 
 
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 pauoTinotn isjg 
 aaoqi JO -i^ado j 
 
 DjaqaipoqiiaSe 
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 ad noi'i.iodojj[ 
 
 '^OGiCOiO-^-HOOlCoS 
 OOCO'-HCOOCOCSCiOi'^ 
 
 h-cdoO'^CO'IDt^CCl.-JiioS 
 CO C<JC0C0CO-*-COG02 
 
 
 bca 
 
 H O 
 
 11 
 
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 OG5--Heq.-i>-HOirq-T'-^co 
 dcqci-^'^coodrHcoc^ 
 
 OCOlOlOTt-(NrHi-H 
 
 
 si 
 
 >— ICOOt^CO'-HCqc^CqcOb- 
 COiJOiOi— (— -CMCOr-cCSCOCO 
 
 r-t-coGO-^ooscqcofM 
 
 OCOOiO'-^CO'-H.-i 
 
 
 13 
 
 lis- 
 «!§ 
 
 m — .S 
 
 O tH += 
 
 II § 
 
 ft 
 
 ■■eg 
 
 ^CSt>00b-lC--H--#Ob-H^ 
 Ot-CTsOCii-Ht-ciOO^CO 
 
 t— CO"*CO!MdcO"^-*CM 
 CO T-H I— 1 rH 
 
 o 
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 s 
 
 I-H 
 
 -2 si 
 
 K5coc*5-*(NOiooasast^ 
 
 t^OCOOOiOOCaCMC^NCO 
 
 Oi^io-tr-coot-ic^cq 
 
 CO I-H I-H I— 1 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 I 
 
 rH 
 00 
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 •aSs ixaaoq;ai 
 paaoi'^uatu lajg: 
 asoq^ JO 'juao a 
 
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 3d ao[^iodoJd; 
 
 -"^-cococoooooiococoR 
 cocQioiocqas'^coM'Oi. 
 coiood-^od-'J'^cqco'ioS 
 
 CO C^ CM CO CO -^ <y5 CO ^ 
 
 
 P o 
 
 li 
 
 OCDCqcOCOWiCCOOOb-CO 
 
 Ococo-*cor-ioqtM»oi>co 
 
 d CD CN]' t^ CO — * d CO t-^ tN 
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 0(NCOCOiO»0-*'*QO(MCs 
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 CO»OIO'*CO(M>-It-I 
 
 
 11 
 lis 
 
 += m O 
 
 OH o a 
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 m 
 
 ii 
 
 fi- 
 
 •^CDCOCOCQCOOSCOi-HrHCO 
 COtr5CO>-HCqciOOiCDCO-*CO 
 CO CO W '^ <>! d d l£5 -<H (tJ 
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 t-^ '-HtMCOTfiOCCI^.cOOi 
 
 
xxii Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 In table VII we have given the aggregate number of deaths, and calcu- 
 lated the proportion per cent, of the deaths at each specified interval of age. 
 It appears that 2698, or 33.64 per cent., of the whole deaths in 1811 to 1820 
 were under 5 years of age, and that 14.13 per cent., the next greatest pro- 
 portion, was between the ages of 20 and 30. In the next column of this 
 table we have presented the number who survive each specified age, and 
 in the fourth column the proportion per cent, of the surviving. It appears 
 from this table that 5322, or 66.36 per cent., of the deaths in 1811 to 1820 
 survived the age of 5 yeai's; 1624, or 20.26 per cent., survived the age of 
 50 years; and 222, or 2.77 per cent., survived the age of 80 years. In the 
 fifth column we have presented the law of mortality calculated from the 
 deaths alone, and given the proportion per cent, of the number of those who 
 were alive at the beginning of each specified age, and who died before the 
 next specified age. Of the whole deaths, 33.64 per cent, were under 5 
 years; of those who survived 5 years, 5.33 per cent, died before they at- 
 tained 10 years ; of those who survived 10 years, 8.53 per cent, died before 
 they attained 20 years ; and so on for each successive period, as appears in 
 the table. We have presented these four different kinds of facts concerning 
 the other periods, 1821 to 1830, and 1831 to 1839. A comparison of these 
 facts presents some very important considerations. 
 
 It has been repeatedly said that the great improvements in the science of 
 medicine — in the nature and treatment of disease, and other causes, have 
 increased the average longevity of mankind; that life is more valuable now 
 than it formerly was ; and that these improvements are constantly going on. 
 The value of life is estimated by the number of years we live. A long life 
 is more valuable than a short one. It is said to be improved in value, when 
 the various circumstances, which surround us, add to the number of years 
 of existence, as compared with other causes, wiiich have existed in other 
 places or periods of time. No correct conclusion can be made in regard to 
 such comparison, except by a careful examination of the facts. A sufficient 
 number of these is not, however, as yet attainable in this country to enable 
 us to investigate the subject so fully and satisfactorily as could be desired. 
 We can present some important ones in relation to Boston. 
 
 By table I we are enabled to compare the ratio of mortality in Boston to 
 the population, during a portion of the last century, with that prevailing at 
 the present time, after an interval of nearly 100 years. There was then 
 1 death to about 30 or 35, or 3 per cent., of the population. Now according 
 to table IV there is 1 in about 45, or 2.10 per cent., of the population. This 
 shows a very great improvement in the relative value of life. A comparison 
 of other facts in the two tables will also present some very striking consid- 
 erations. In consequence of the ages of the deaths not being then given, 
 we are unable to estimate the comparative value of life at the difterent ages. 
 
 To estimate accurately the value of life in any place, two important ele- 
 ments are necessary to be known : first, the number of the living at each age. 
 
Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 and, secondly, the number of deaths at the same age. That we might make 
 a calculation approximating to the truth in regard to Boston, we have taken 
 the population of 1830, according to table II, and have distributed the 1875 
 blacks among the whites of the diflferent ages according to their respective 
 proportions. From the bills of moi'tality we have ascertained the number 
 of deaths for the 10 years, 1826 to 1835, five years before and five years 
 after the census was taken, and have distributed the whole, including 126 
 deaths whose ages were unknown, in the same manner in regard to age as 
 the living. One-tenth of these is the annual average, and consequently the 
 number of dea,ths for 1830. By dividing one by the other, the annual pro- 
 portion of the deaths to the living at each age will appear, as in the following 
 statement. We have added the results of a similar calculation made by Mr. 
 Milne, in his valuable treatise on life insurance, respecting the value of life 
 in Carlisle, in England, which is there considered a favourable specimen of 
 tealthy life. 
 
 Statement showing the population of Boston for 1830, the deaths for 10 
 years, 1826 to 1835, and the proportion of the annual deaths to 100 con- 
 stantly living in Boston and Carlisle. 
 
 Age. 
 
 Population 
 in 1830. 
 
 Deaths 
 1826-183,i. 
 
 Centesimal 
 
 proportion of deaths to 
 the living. 
 
 In Boston. 
 
 In Carlisle. 
 
 Difference. 
 
 Under 5 
 
 7822 
 
 5176 
 
 6.48 
 
 8.22 
 
 —1.74 
 
 5 to 10 
 
 5919 
 
 515 
 
 .85 
 
 1.02 
 
 —.17 
 
 10 to 20 
 
 12025 
 
 659 
 
 .54 
 
 .58 
 
 —.04 
 
 20 to 30 
 
 15687 
 
 1719 
 
 1.07 
 
 .75 
 
 - 
 
 -.32 
 
 30 to 40 
 
 8793 
 
 1656 
 
 1.84 
 
 1.05 
 
 - 
 
 r.79 
 
 40 to 50 
 
 4866 
 
 1130 
 
 2.27 
 
 1.43 
 
 - 
 
 -.84 
 
 50 to 60 
 
 2490 
 
 775 
 
 3.05 
 
 1.82 
 
 +1.23 
 
 60 to 70 
 
 1276 
 
 607 
 
 4.63 
 
 4.12 
 
 --.51 
 
 70 to 80 
 
 489 
 
 465 
 
 9.12 
 
 8.29 
 
 --.83 
 
 80 to 90 
 
 136 
 
 235 
 
 16.94 
 
 17.56 
 
 —.52 
 
 90 to 100 
 
 14 
 
 44 
 
 30.76 
 
 28.44 
 
 -1-2.32 
 
 59517 
 
 12981 
 
 Mean 2.13 
 
 2.50 
 
 Total 
 
 Blk's 1875 
 
 Unk'n 126 
 
 
 
 
 61392 
 
 13107 
 
 
 1 
 
 By this statement it appears that the proportion of deaths to the living is 
 •greater in Carlisle than in Boston under the age of 20, and between the ages 
 of 80 and 90. At the other ages it is greater in Boston. Between the ages 
 of 50 and 60, and 90 and 100, there is the greatest difierence, being in the 
 former 1.23, and in the latter 2.32. The mean of all ages is 2.13 per cent. 
 in Boston and 2.50 per cent, in Carlisle, showing a difference of .37 in 
 favour of the former. This presents the law of mortality in Boston, as 
 a,ccurate]y as it could be done from any data at presentexisting. It is, however, 
 ■difficult, if not impossible, to determine it with perfect precision by any 
 general statement concerning a population so changeable as that of our city. 
 
 We have arranged the tables including the deaths from 1811 to 1839 in 
 rsuch form, that we can institute a comparison between the relative mortality 
 
XXIV 
 
 Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 of the different periods, 1811 to 1820, 1821 to 1830, and 1831 to 1839. 
 This comparison presents some very striking facts, and shows that, although 
 the average value of life is greater now than dui'ing the last century, it is 
 not so great as it was twenty years ago ; that it was at its maximum in 1811 
 to 1820, and that it has since somewhat decreased. It appears that 33.64 
 per cent, of the deaths in 1811 to 1820 were under 5 years of age, 37.04 
 per cent, in 1821 to 1830, and that 43.09 per cent, in 1831 to 1839, show- 
 ing a gradual increase of the relative mortality under that age, and between 
 the first and the last given period, a difference of 9.45 per cent, or a propor- 
 tional increase of mortality of 28 per cent. ! 
 
 It is a melancholy fact, and one which should arrest the attention of all, 
 that 43 per cent, or nearly half of all the deaths which have taken place in 
 Boston during the last nine years, are of persons under 5 years of age ; and the- 
 proportional mortality of this age has been increasing. A comparison may 
 be made between other ages by table VIE in two ways, one by taking the 
 difference between the proportions per cent, of the dying each age lil the 
 different periods, or by subtracting the second columns of each period from 
 each other ; and the other by taking the difference between the proportion 
 per cent, of those who survive the first mentioned age, and die before they 
 attain the next age, or by subtracting the fifth columns of each period from 
 each other. The first method is not so correct as the second ; for, if a greater 
 proportion die under 5 years of age, there must of course be a less propor- 
 tion die at each of the other ages, even if the number proportional to the- 
 living at that age be the same. It is not so in regard to the other method. 
 The mortality of one age is not dependent on any other, and the table 
 shows the proportion of the whole number of deaths, who attain the age of 
 5, 10, 20, or any other given period, who die before they attain the next 
 given period. This calculation shows the law of mortality for a place as- 
 accurately as can be shown from any calculation from records of deaths 
 alone. We have given below the difference between the proportion per 
 cent, of the deaths at each period. The sign plus shows that the mortality 
 is greater, and minus that it was less in the last period than the first. 
 
 
 Difference 
 
 Difference 
 
 Difference 
 
 
 between 1811 to 1820 
 
 between 1821 to 1830 
 
 between 1811 to 1820 
 
 
 and 1821 to 1880. 
 
 and 1831 to 1839. 
 
 and 1831 to 1839. 
 
 AGE 
 
 2d colvmn. 
 
 Uh column. 
 
 2d column. 
 
 ^th column. 
 
 2d column. 
 
 6th column. 
 
 Under 5 
 
 + 3.40 
 
 + 3.40 
 
 + 6.05 
 
 + 6.05 
 
 + 9.45 
 
 + 9.45 
 
 5 to 10 
 
 -f-.25 
 
 + .67 
 
 -I-.48 
 
 + 1.50 
 
 + .73 
 
 + 2.17 
 
 10 to 20 
 
 — .39 
 
 — .14 
 
 — .11 
 
 -f-1.25 
 
 -.28 
 
 + 1.11 
 
 20 to 30 
 
 — 1.05 
 
 — .45 
 
 — .35 
 
 -f2.62 
 
 — 1.40 
 
 + 2.17 
 
 30 to 40 
 
 + .75 
 
 + 5.65 
 
 — 1.57 
 
 — 1.12 
 
 — .82 
 
 + 4.53 
 
 40 to 50 
 
 — .71 
 
 + 1.14 
 
 — 2.17 
 
 — 1.99 
 
 — 2.88 
 
 — .85 
 
 50 to 60 
 
 — .28 
 
 + 2.83 
 
 — 1.04 
 
 — .65 
 
 — 1.32 
 
 + 2.18 
 
 60 to 70 
 
 — .84 
 
 + .05 
 
 — .38 
 
 + 2.65 
 
 — 1.22 
 
 -i-2.70 
 
 70 to 80 
 
 — .81 
 
 — 1.49 
 
 — .58 
 
 + 2.25 
 
 — 1.39 
 
 + .76 
 
 80 to 90 
 
 — .24 
 
 — 1.05 
 
 — .62 
 
 — 4.71 
 
 — .86 
 
 — 5.76. 
 
 90 to 100 
 
 — .02 
 
 
 + .01 
 
 
 — .01 
 
 
Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. xxv 
 
 It appears from this table that the value of life has slightly improved 
 between the ages 30 and 60 and over 80, the chances being somewhat greater 
 than they were twenty years ago, that a person of these ages will live to the 
 next higher age. Under 30 the mortality has increased; the greatest how- 
 ever is under 5. The mortality for 1838 was greater than in any other 
 year, being 47.65 wanting but 2.35 per cent, of half the whole deaths, show- 
 ing in that year a greater mortality under 5, than the average eight previous 
 years, of 4.68 per cent., and that of the &st ten years of 14.51 per cent. 
 
 The causes of this increasing and alarming mortality should be investi- 
 gated, and, if possible, removed. We have endeavoured to ascertain some 
 of these causes. Allowance should, we suppose, be made for the customs 
 of the times. More luxury and effeminacy in both sexes pi-evail now than 
 formerly ; and this may have had some influence in producing constitutional 
 debility, and the consequent feeble health of children. The nursing and 
 feeding of children with improper food is another cause. The influence of 
 bad air in confined, badly located, and filthy houses, is another and perhaps 
 the greatest. Epidemic diseases which are particularly prevalent among 
 children have increased. It will hereafter be shown that scarlet fever has 
 prevailed very much the last nine years, and has increased the mortality. 
 In the period 1811 to 1820, this disease produced 13 per 1000 ot the 
 whole deaths. In 1831 to 1838, it produced 489. Other infantile diseases 
 have also increased. These considerations would, pei'haps, sufiBciently ac- 
 count for the increased mortality under 5 years of age. 
 
 We had supposed that a. greater mortality prevailed in certain localities, 
 and in certain classes of our population than in others, and we have en- 
 deavoured to ascertain how far the supposition is founded on fact. Though, 
 the records do not specify, as they ought, the place of residence of those- 
 whose deaths are recorded, they do give, in all oases, the places of burial. 
 We have compiled the following statement from a list of all those, who- 
 were buried from Boston in the South Boston and Charlestown Roman Catho- 
 lic burial grounds. 
 
 Of the 1987 Catholic burials during the six years, 1833 to 1838, com- 
 prising 1028 males and 958 females, 61.39 per cent, were under 5 years. 
 The still-born during the same time, and in the same religious denomination,, 
 not included in the above, were 125, or 5.77 per cent, of the whole burials ;. 
 112, or about 5J per cent, only, lived to see 50 years of age, and 30, or less, 
 than 2 per cent, lived to 70. During the year 1838 there were 439 burials;, 
 of whom 303, or 171 males and 132 females, were under 5 ; and 136, or 57 
 males and 79 females, were over 5. This is a mortality of 75 per cent, of 
 the whole male deaths, and 60 per cent, of the whole female deaths under 5 • 
 leaving 25 per cent, only of the males and 40 per cent, of the females, or 31 
 per cent, of both sexes, to survive that early age. This shows a great increase 
 in mortality, and will account for the increase of the deaths under 5 years of 
 age. The inilux of unaccliniated foreign emigrants, and the great number of 
 
xxvi Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of BoUon. 
 
 families crowded into the houses in Broad street, Ann street, and other 
 densely populated parts of the city, render the air very impure, and expose 
 the lives of infants, who are compelled to breathe it, to almost inevitable 
 death. The influences of such circumstances are not confined to the places 
 •where they exist, but are extended to the population in the neighbourhood, 
 and epidemics are generated, which are no doubt injurious to the general 
 health of the city. 
 
 Mortality of different Sexes. — The difference in the mortality of the two 
 sexes is given in tables V and VI, from which it appears that there were 180 
 more female than male deaths in 1811 to 1820 ; 424 in 1821 to 1830, and 
 341 in 1813 to 1839. There were four years in the first period, and three 
 in the last only, when there were more male than female deaths. The pro- 
 portion of the different sexes will appear from the following statement. 
 
 Deaths. Average. Proportion. 
 , Males 4156 415 51.11 as 100 or 104.59 
 
 : Females 3976 397 48.89 to 95.66 100. 
 
 Total, 8132 
 
 813 
 
 100.00 
 
 
 J ^ Males 5947 
 
 594 
 
 51.85 
 
 as 100 or 107.6; 
 
 \ Females 5523 
 
 553 
 1147 
 
 48.15 
 
 to 92.87 100. 
 
 Total, 11470 
 
 100.00 
 
 
 1 ^ Males 7457 
 
 828 
 
 51.17 
 
 as 100 or 104.79 
 
 I Females 7116 
 
 790 
 
 48.83 
 
 to 95.42 100. 
 
 1811 to 1820 
 
 1821 to 1830 
 
 1881 to 1839 
 
 Total, 14573 1618 100.00 
 
 The proportion of male and female deaths to the population in the years 
 when the census was taken, was as follows : 
 
 One in Excess. Pi-opci-tion per cent. Excess. 
 
 1820 Males 41 Females 44 3 Males 2.41 Females 2.27 14 
 
 1825 " 41 " 43 2 " 2.32 " 2.27 5 
 
 1830 " 64 " 65 11 " 1.83 " 1.52 81 
 
 1835 " 89 " 48 9 " 2.54 " 2.07 47 
 
 This statement shows that the agents of death are uniformly more active 
 with male than female life. 
 
 In the following table we have given the number of deaths of each sex 
 for the different intervals of age, as in table V, and the proportion of each 
 sex for the period 1811 to 1888. 
 
Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 xxvu 
 
 
 Observed. 
 
 Calculated. | 
 
 Age. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Males. 
 
 Females. 
 
 Males. 
 
 Females. 
 
 Under 1 
 
 3315 
 
 2572 
 
 56.31 
 
 43.69 
 
 1 to 2 
 
 1756 
 
 1861 
 
 48.54 
 
 51.46 
 
 2 to 5 
 
 1426 
 
 1232 
 
 53.65 
 
 46.35 
 
 5 to 10 
 
 675 
 
 537 
 
 55.69 
 
 44.31 
 
 10 to 20 
 
 669 
 
 942 
 
 41.34 
 
 58.66 
 
 20 to 30 
 
 2009 
 
 2169 
 
 48.20 
 
 51.80 
 
 30 to 40 
 
 2071 
 
 1775 
 
 53.84 
 
 46.16 
 
 40 to 50 
 
 1693 
 
 1278 
 
 56.99 
 
 43.01 
 
 50 to 60 
 
 1099 
 
 915 
 
 54.56 
 
 45.44 
 
 60 to 70 
 
 700 
 
 849 
 
 45.19 
 
 54.81 
 
 70 to 80 
 
 521 
 
 741 
 
 41.28 
 
 ,58.72 
 
 80 to 90 
 
 241 
 
 376 
 
 39.06 
 
 60.94 
 
 90 to 100 
 
 31 
 
 83 
 
 27.18 
 
 72.82 
 
 It appears from this statement, that at the ages under 10 years, and 
 iDetween 30 and 60, more males than females die, the proportion rising in 
 40 to 50, as 56.99 to 43.01 per cent. At the other periods specified there 
 are less male than female deaths ; the difference after the age of 60 continu- 
 ally increasing, until 90 to 100, when it was as 27.18 to 72.82 per cent. By 
 "table II it appears that there were a greater number of males than females at 
 any age among the living population. A comparison of these with the deaths 
 will show that at certain ages a greater proportional mortality prevails among 
 males, and at other ages among females. 
 
 Mortality of the Different Seasons of the Year. — In table VIII we have 
 arranged the deaths in each period according to the months in which they 
 occurred, distinguishing the males from the females, and placing before the 
 numbers the sign minus, when it was less, and the sign plus, when it was 
 greater than the mean. In the third column we have given the proportion, 
 which the total of each month bears to 12000, or 1000 per month, and in 
 the fourth column, the number, indicating the order of the month in regard 
 "to mortality — the highest being numbered 1 . It appears from this statement, 
 that the months of August, September, and October, have the highest mor- 
 tality. December is number 4 in each period ; November 5 in the last, and 
 6 in the others. Jime has uniformly the least mortality. If the proportions 
 .are arranged according to the seasons of the year, they will be as follows : 
 
 
 1811-1820. 
 
 1821-1830. 
 
 1831-1839 
 
 Winter, 
 
 2.801 
 
 2.775 
 
 3.000 
 
 Spring, 
 
 2.842 
 
 2.825 
 
 2.622 
 
 Summer, 
 
 2.807 
 
 2.996 
 
 2.800 
 
 Autumn, 
 
 3.550 
 
 4.484 
 
 4.578 
 
 12,000 
 
 12,000 
 
 12,000 
 
XXVIU 
 
 Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 ■s 
 
 "s 
 
 
 X^fe 
 
 
 e =0 
 
 
 ^'^ 
 
 
 -^T 
 
 
 t5>R, 
 
 
 
 
 ■S e 
 
 
 
 I— 1 
 
 M 
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 ^^ 
 
 t> 
 
 ^^3 
 
 
 
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 ■«,£ 
 
 h-l 
 
 
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 H 
 
 ^ ^ 
 
 
 "te 
 
 
 "k> 
 
 IT 
 
 1— 1 
 
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 OC-IOOOOCOt-t-iOtlDQOi— (IM 
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 ■aapjo 
 
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 TT77 1 17+++++ 
 
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 1— 1 
 
 
 g 
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 iriCiic-^-^'oocqoDcsco-^co 
 Q0'*c^cociu:50i---^ai-^n:i 
 
 _L 1 1 1 I 1 1 I 1 1 
 
 >— 1 
 
 CO 
 
 10 
 
 "hi 1 1 1 1 1 i i 1 II 
 
 
 
 i-lffSCOCOOOOOOOSOCDCSCS 
 
 CicoictDcuc?sc:icoaiiMcocq 
 
 10 »0 »0 »C -^ "«*• IC t~-*t~ t— CO t^ 
 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 I+++++ 
 
 
 CO 
 
 d 
 
 CO 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 1— 1 
 
 ■.I9PJ0 
 
 t-p-iOODCSC^iCC^i-iCOCD-rH 
 
 
 
 '1 
 
 S 
 111 
 
 CriQ0CMC5"*as-*C0'*OO00 
 CjD— iCO^^C^QOXOCOt-CO 
 OiOOCiaiOsl^CS— <COi-hCsO 
 
 
 
 
 
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 3 
 
 o 
 H 
 
 <MOOCiOOCC-#CO-TrOC<l-:t^ 
 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 +++ 1 1 
 
 
 
 i-H 
 
 10 
 10 
 
 Ci 
 
 '3 
 
 fa 
 
 t-C5 — W— i"*-*iCOO"^t-b- 
 
 ^co-*'*^co-*>c":i>jo-*-* 
 
 +1 1 1 1 1 I+++++ 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 O^jCQQOi— If— «COi— »CO^H>Ot-CO 
 ■'#CO-*-#^"*iC»CCC»C-*i-* 
 
 + 11 1 I+4-++I ! 
 
 -* 
 10 
 
 >o 
 
 d 
 
 00 
 
 7 
 
 CO 
 
 •japjo 
 
 OOOlOOit-'M'-iCOCqrHCO'^ 
 
 
 
 q 
 
 o 
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 I— (CDOi.— I'MO^iiCiO^COas- 
 OlOOOsaiOil— COi— IGviCOOiO 
 
 ddddddd^wi-Ho^ 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 
 (Ma3ix><MoooofMcq<:oio-+-t- 
 
 CMOOI>-<M'MCOOOQOCgOt-^00 
 
 toiococDcoioior-ooajcDco 
 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 I+++++ 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 <:o 
 
 
 t-co-— 'T-H0O"^«C'CM»ccr>co^ 
 
 COQO-f — O'OtOCSOCOCOCiD 
 COfMCOCOCO-MCqcO-^-^COCO 
 
 1 l+l 1 1 !+++!+ 
 
 
 >o 
 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 
 
 asc^ii^t-coco-^cocDi— ii>^ 
 
 0'>lCD(MCOO>Oi— <COC;D»0'* 
 COCOCOCOCOCOCO^-*'<*HCOCO 
 
 11+11 I+++++I 
 
 C<1 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 c 
 o 
 
 1 
 
 January 
 
 February 
 
 March 
 
 April 
 
 May 
 
 June 
 
 July 
 
 August 
 
 September 
 
 October 
 
 November 
 
 December 
 
 3 
 
 
 E-i 
 
 
 •ON 
 
 i-HWCO'^lCCDt-OOOiO'-HW 
 
 
 
Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. xxix 
 
 In table IX, we have endeavoured to arrange the facts for one period, 
 1821-1830, to ascertain what influence the seasons have upon the mortality 
 -of different ages. We have given the whole deaths during the time, the 
 mean or average of each month at each age, and the difference from this 
 mean, placing the sign minus, when the mortality of the month at any age 
 was less, and plus when it was greater, than this mean. 
 
 Table IX, showing the influence of the different months of the year on the number of 
 deaths, in the different ages, for the years 1821-1830, inclusive. 
 
 Age. 
 
 Whole 
 deaths. 
 
 
 
 Ja 
 
 1 
 
 nuary. 
 
 Diff'ce 
 from 
 
 February. 
 
 .a 
 
 [arch. 
 
 Diff'ce 
 from 
 
 April. 
 
 April. 1 
 
 Average or 
 monthly 
 
 m 
 
 1 
 
 Diff'ce 
 from 
 
 .a 
 
 Diff'ce 
 from 
 
 1 
 
 Diff'ce 
 from 
 
 
 
 
 
 0) 
 
 
 mean. 
 
 
 
 meau. 
 
 P 
 
 mean. 
 
 P 
 
 mean. 
 
 P 
 
 mean. 
 
 Under 1 
 
 
 1962 
 
 163.50 
 
 1.61 
 
 —12.60 
 
 121 
 
 —42.60 
 
 140 
 
 —23.60 
 
 140 
 
 —23.60 
 
 123 
 
 —40.60 
 
 1 to 2 
 
 
 1220 
 
 101.67 
 
 (i« 
 
 —33.67 
 
 46 
 
 —66.67 
 
 65 
 
 —36.67 
 
 80 
 
 —21.67 
 
 73 
 
 —28.67 
 
 2 to 6 
 
 
 T93 
 
 66.08 
 
 64 
 
 —2.08 
 
 47 
 
 -19.08 
 
 66 
 
 —1.08 
 
 62 
 
 —4.08 
 
 69 
 
 +2.92 
 
 6 to W 
 
 
 406 
 
 33.8S 
 
 33 
 
 —.83 
 
 21 
 
 -12.83 
 
 23 
 
 +10.83 
 
 41 
 
 —7.17 
 
 29 
 
 —4.83 
 
 10 to 20 
 
 
 533 
 
 44.42 
 
 46 
 
 -1-1.58 
 
 40 
 
 -4 42 
 
 40 
 
 -4.42 
 
 31 
 
 —13.42 
 
 52 
 
 - -7.68 
 
 20 to 30 
 
 
 1404 
 
 117.— 
 
 1.14 
 
 — 3.- 
 
 106 
 
 —11.— 
 
 114 
 
 -3.- 
 
 123 
 
 +6.— 
 
 122 
 
 --6. 
 
 30 to 40 
 
 
 1892 
 
 116.— 
 
 112 
 
 — 4.- 
 
 98 
 
 —18 — 
 
 126 
 
 +10.- 
 
 123 
 
 ■1-7.- 
 
 123 
 
 --7. 
 
 40 to 50 
 
 
 1089 
 
 90.75 
 
 88 
 
 —2.76 
 
 88 
 
 -2.76 
 
 93 
 
 +2.26 
 
 89 
 
 —1.76 
 
 106 
 
 —14.26 
 
 60 to 60 
 
 
 720 
 
 60.— 
 
 76 
 
 -1-16.- 
 
 51 
 
 — 9. - 
 
 58 
 
 — 2. — 
 
 64 
 
 — 6.— 
 
 65 
 
 +5.- 
 
 60 to TO 
 
 
 520 
 
 43.34 
 
 42 
 
 -1.34 
 
 49 
 
 +6.66 
 
 61 
 
 +7.66 
 
 53 
 
 +9.66 
 
 .36 
 
 -8.34 
 
 70 to 80 
 
 
 429 
 
 35.76 
 
 ■M 
 
 -I-.25 
 
 50 
 
 +14.25 
 
 38 
 
 -2.25 
 
 33 
 
 —2.75 
 
 35 
 
 —.75 
 
 80 to 90 
 
 
 226 
 
 18.83 
 
 31 
 
 +12.17 
 
 23 
 
 +4.17 
 
 18 
 
 —.83 
 
 22 
 
 +3.17 
 
 13 
 
 —6.83 
 
 90 tolOO 
 Total 
 
 
 37 
 
 3.08 
 
 8 
 
 +1.92 
 
 3 
 
 —.08 
 
 3 
 
 —.08 
 
 1 
 
 —2.08 
 
 3 
 
 —.08 
 
 10731 
 
 894.25 
 
 869 
 
 — 25.75 
 
 743 
 
 — l!il.25 
 
 834 
 
 —60.26 
 
 852 
 
 —42.25 
 
 847 
 
 —47.25 
 
 Under 1 
 
 June. 
 
 July. 
 
 Auguel. 
 
 fcjeptember. 
 
 
 192 
 
 .tober. 
 +28.60 
 
 November. 
 
 December. 1 
 
 11.') 
 
 —48.5 
 
 158 
 
 —6.50 
 
 241 
 
 —77.50 
 
 293 
 
 +130.50 
 
 145 
 
 —18.60 
 
 144 
 
 —19.50 
 
 ] to 2 
 
 64 
 
 —37.65 
 
 102 
 
 +.33 
 
 170 
 
 +68.33 
 
 224 
 
 +122.33 
 
 167 
 
 +56.33 
 
 101 
 
 — .67 
 
 70 
 
 —31.67 
 
 2 to 6 
 
 72 
 
 - -4.92 
 
 47 
 
 —19.03 
 
 V2 
 
 +6.92 
 
 78 
 
 +11.92 
 
 77 
 
 +10.92 
 
 70 
 
 +3.92 
 
 72 
 
 +6.92 
 
 6 to 10 
 
 42 
 
 - -8.17 
 
 25 
 
 —8.83 
 
 46 
 
 +12.17 
 
 39 
 
 +6.17 
 
 36 
 
 +2.17 
 
 34 
 
 +.17 
 
 37 
 
 +3.17 
 
 10 to 20 
 
 40 
 
 -4.42 
 
 49 
 
 -f-4.68 
 
 42 
 
 —2.42 
 
 55 
 
 +10.68 
 
 47 
 
 +2.68 
 
 46 
 
 +1.68 
 
 45 
 
 +.68 
 
 20 to 30 
 
 76 
 
 —42.— 
 
 122 
 
 +5.- 
 
 129 
 
 +12.- 
 
 125 
 
 --8.- 
 
 149 
 
 +32.— 
 
 lou 
 
 —17 
 
 126 
 
 +8. 
 
 30 to 40 
 
 101 
 
 —15.— 
 
 139 
 
 -(-23.- 
 
 lUO 
 
 —16.— 
 
 125 
 
 --9.— 
 
 124 
 
 +8. 
 
 124 
 
 +8.- 
 
 97 
 
 —19.— 
 
 40 to 60 
 
 60 
 
 —30.75 
 
 101 
 
 -1-10.25 
 
 89 
 
 —1.76 
 
 96 
 
 - -4.25 
 
 103 
 
 +12.25 
 
 94 
 
 +3.25 
 
 83 
 
 —7.76 
 
 60 to 60 
 
 60 
 
 — 0.— 
 
 68 
 
 — 2.— 
 
 56 
 
 —6. 
 
 63 
 
 —7. 
 
 64 
 
 — 6.— 
 
 56 
 
 — 4.— 
 
 m 
 
 +20. 
 
 60 to 70 
 
 3!! 
 
 —11.34 
 
 38 
 
 —6.34 
 
 48 
 
 -4.66 
 
 41 
 
 —2.34 
 
 51 
 
 +7.66 
 
 38 
 
 —6.34 
 
 42 
 
 -1.34 
 
 70 to 80 
 
 29 
 
 —6.75 
 
 29 
 
 —6.75 
 
 33 
 
 —2.76 
 
 26 
 
 —9.75 
 
 28 
 
 -7.76 
 
 60 
 
 +14.25 
 
 42 
 
 - -6.25 
 
 80 to 90 
 
 13 
 
 —5.83 
 
 10 
 
 —8.83 
 
 28 
 
 +4.17 
 
 13 
 
 —5.83 
 
 18 
 
 —.83 
 
 20 
 
 +1.17 
 
 22 
 
 - -3.17 
 
 90 tolOO 
 
 
 
 —3.08 
 
 5 
 
 -(-1.92 
 
 
 
 —3.08 
 
 
 
 -3.08 
 
 4 
 1040 
 
 +.92 
 
 3 
 
 —.08 
 
 7 
 
 +3.92 
 
 Total 
 
 702 
 
 —192.08 
 
 883 
 
 —11.25 
 
 1048 
 
 +163.76 
 
 1167 
 
 +272.76 
 
 +145.75 
 
 881 
 
 —13.25 
 
 866 
 
 —28.25 
 
 From this table the following abstract in relation to the seasons has been 
 oompiled. 
 
 Under 2Q years. 20 to 60. 60 and upwards. 
 
 Spring, —205.50 -f 43.75 +3. 
 
 Summer, + 56.50 +62.75 —49 
 
 Autumn, +366.50 +70.75 +10 
 
 Winter, — 222.50 — 35.75 ' + 52 
 
 From this statement it appears that the seasons have the greatest influence 
 on the mortality of persons under the age of 20 and over that of 60 — the 
 summer and autumn being most fatal with the former, and winter with the 
 latter. This is the only general law we can deduce from the tables. If we 
 examine and compare particular months and ages a striking difference will 
 appear in the mortality, but not enough to deduce any general law from it. 
 
 The Stillborn. — The number and proportion of the stillborn burials 
 will appear from the following statement : 
 
XXX Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 1811-1820 1821-1830 1831-1839 
 
 Number. Proportion. Number. Proportion. Number. Proportion. 
 
 Deaths, 8,132 = 95.62 11,470 = 92.66 14,573 = 93.87 
 
 Stillborn, 471 = 5.48 909 = 7.34 952 = 6.13 
 
 Total burials, 8,603 100.00 12,379 100.00 15,526 100.00 
 
 The proportion of the stillborn to the whole burials was 1.82 per cent, 
 in the second, and .66 per cent, in the third period, more than in the first. By 
 table Vin it appears that the month producing the highest proportion was 
 August, and that March was the next highest. There appears, however, 
 to be less variation, in regard to the seasons, in these than in the other deaths. 
 
 Diseases. — In compiling an abstract of the diseases, or causes of death, we 
 have confined ourselves to the printed bills of mortality, as we have done in 
 preparing the other tables, and have not gone back to the original records. 
 If this had been done, nothing of great importance, in addition, would have- 
 been obtained, unless an entire new set of tables had been formed, which 
 should distinguish each case with respect to age and sex. The records in 
 this respect are not full, and jDrobably they are not always correct in regard 
 to the cause of death inserted. The bills, however, contain the amount of 
 all the deaths in the city, and it is presumed that they also contain a faithful 
 abstract of the records concerning the diseases. There has heen considerable 
 difficulty, and great care and labour has been expended, in arranging the 
 diseases from the different annual bills themselves. The nomenclature has- 
 been several times altered, and a disease is often returned one year under a 
 name differing from that of the same disease contained in the return of 
 another year, and even in the same year, one and the same disease often ap- 
 pears under two synonymous names, sometimes under the popular, and' 
 sometimes under the scientific name, or under both popular names. 
 
 Another feature of the bills is the indefinite idea conveyed by the names 
 often given to the diseases. It appears from table XI, that of the whole 
 deaths 111.6, 167.1, and 86.8 per 1000, in the respective period, were re- 
 turned as occurring from unknown causes, and that 267.6, 160.5, and 158.4, 
 per 1000, from diseases whose seat or character was undetermined. These 
 two classes amount on the average to about one-third of the whole deaths. 
 There are also many cases retui'ned under the name of "Rupture," "De- 
 bility," "Tumour," "Infantile Diseases," "Complication of Disorders," 
 &c. ; and another class under the general name of " Complaint," " Disease 
 of the Heart," or "Disease of the Lungs," &c., without specifying the par- 
 ticular kind or type of the disease. This is a great defect in our records 
 and tables ; and it should arrest the attention of the medical profession, whose 
 reputation with that of the city, is in some respects involved in it. These 
 imperfections in bills of mortality, however, are not peculiar to Boston. 
 The same defect, to a greater or less extent, has existed in those, published 
 in other places in this country, and until recently in Great Britain. It i& 
 to be attributed to the imperfections of our system of registration, to the- 
 
Sliattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. xxxi 
 
 ignorance, carelessness, or entire neglect, of those whose duty it is to make 
 the returns, and to the want of proper forms and classification of our printed 
 tables. 
 
 In 1836 a nomenclature, revised and considerably improved, was printed 
 by the city ; but it is believed that some further modification is necessary to 
 make it as perfect as it should be. Some names might be omitted, and 
 others substituted, and the whole arranged in two forms, one in alphabetical 
 and numerical order, the other classed in groups according to the seat of, or 
 parts affected by, the disease. In this way the nomenclature might be ren- 
 dered more simple and exact ; and when made, a form of a return should be 
 prepared and every person concerned should not be requested merely, but 
 required to conform to it in all respects to the extent of his power, and no 
 burial should be permitted until the return is first obtained. In 1836 a cir- 
 cular viras addressed by the city authorities to the members of the medical 
 profession, and to the funeral undertakers, requesting them to conform to the 
 new nomenclature, but from the fault of one party or the other, the returns 
 relative to the cause of death ate still defective. 
 
 From these remarks some of the difficulties, which have presented them- 
 selves in preparing the following tables, will be perceived. The tables will, 
 however, imperfect as they are, convey much important information, and 
 suggest how much more valuable tables of this kind would have been, if the 
 original returns, from which they were compiled, had been made full and 
 uniformly correct ; and the annual printed abstracts themselves prepai'ed in a 
 different form, and on the principles of accurate classification. 
 
 It has been considered sufficient by many writers on this subject to pre- 
 pare the tables, so as to exhibit the number of the deaths by each disease for 
 certain definite periods of time given. But this information appears to fall 
 short of the result which ought to be presented in such tables. To render them 
 useful, a comparison should be made between the number of deaths by each 
 disease, and the whole number of deaths in a certain given period, and this 
 result should be again compared with a similar result concerning other pe- 
 riods. In this way the prevalence of any particular disease compared with 
 that of other diseases at the same period, and with same diseases at different 
 periods, may be at once seen, and a judgment formed from the per centage 
 what proportion of deaths that particular disease occasions, and whether it 
 be on the increase or decrease. The sex, age, and place of nativity of the 
 diseased, and the season of the year in which the deaths occurred, are not 
 stated in connection with the diseases in our printed tables, but they should 
 be. The'fatality of disease depends much on the age of the patients, and it 
 is not the same in chilhood, manhood, and old age, nor with the different 
 sexes, and in the different months of the year. It is very important to 
 know all such facts in relation to each disease, and the danger that man has 
 to encounter in all ages, and under all circumstances. It would also be im- 
 portant, if practicable, to know the number of deaths by each disease in 
 
 *3 
 
xxxii Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 proportion to the population, distinguishing them according to their ages. 
 When facts lilie these are known they will lead to inquiries into the causes, 
 which have produced an increase or diminution of disease, under different 
 circumstances, and lead to the adoption of the proper remedies. 
 
 The following tables have been arranged on the basis of the nomenclature 
 contained in the valuable Report of the Registrar-General of Births, Deaths, 
 and Marriages in England, with such alterations as seemed necessary to 
 render them more simple, and better adapted to our circumstances. Causes 
 of death of a similar character, though entered under different names in dif- 
 ferent years, have been classed together, so as to show, as far as practicable, 
 the prevalence of the same disease during the whole pei-iod. Table X con- 
 tains the number of deaths by each disease in every year from 1811 to 1839 
 inclusive. They are divided into three periods, the first from 1811 to 1820, 
 the second from 1820 to 1830, and the third from 1830 to 1839 inclusive, 
 and the amount of each given in a separate column. By comparing these 
 numbers together the relative mortality produced by each different disease, 
 and whether it increases or diminishes, may be seen. It is necessary, how- 
 ever, to bear in mind that a greater number does not always indicate an in- 
 crease of mortality. The increase of the population, and consequent relative 
 increased number of deaths, must always be taken into view. The deaths, 
 exclusive of the stillborn, from October 1810 to 1820, were 8,469, and from 
 1821 to 1830 they were 11,470, being an increase of 3001, or nearly 3.54 
 per cent, annually. During the nine last years, from 1831 to 1839, the 
 deaths were 14,573, being an increase of 3,103, or 3 per cent, annually. 
 This shows a little increase in the force of mortality as compared with the 
 increase of population, as has already been shown. Table XI shows the 
 comparison in regard to the several classes of diseases. 
 
 First Division. — Endemic, E2ndemic, and Contagious Diseases. — 
 This class of diseases is the great index to the state of health of a people, 
 and determines more than any other its character in different locations, and 
 in different periods. We have subdivided this class into fevers, eruptive 
 fevers, and others not classified. (See table X.) 
 
 Fevers. — A variety of opinions prevails in regard to the nomenclature and 
 arrangement of the different kinds of fevers. We have adopted, as far as 
 circumstance will permit, the division contained in the American edition of 
 Marshall Hall's Practical Medicine, though it does not agree with the Reports 
 of the Registrar-General of Births and Deaths in England, nor with the Sup- 
 plement to the Encyclopedia of Practical Medicine. There are many cases, 
 found in the Boston tables, returned as " fever "only, without any specification 
 of kind or type. A great variety of names is also given, some of which have 
 been regarded as synonymous. Under Synochus are included all of a mixed 
 character, or not clearly defined, which appear in the printed tables, such as 
 "fever," "anomalous fever," "bilious," "catarrhal," "country," "iso- 
 lated," "miliary," " acute synochus," &c. The term "typhoid" does not 
 
Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. xxxiii 
 
 appear in the bills until 1837, and is therefore omitted. Under Typhus are 
 included such as "brain," congestive,'' "continued," "inflammatory," 
 "jail," "malignant," "nervous," "putrid," "typhoid," &c. We liave 
 -arranged cases, which appeared in the printed tables as " lung fever," and 
 " pleurisy fever," under Pneumonia, or inflammation of the lungs ; " worm 
 fever," under Worms; "rheumatic fever," under Rheumatism,; "scarlet 
 fever," under iScarZaito'wa ; "puerperal" and "child-bed fever." under Dis- 
 eases of Child-bed. The deaths by fevers of all kinds were 749, 604, and 
 721, or 88.4, 52.7, and 49.5 per 1000 of the whole deaths in the respective 
 periods, showing a decrease of 35.7 in the second, and 3.2 in the third. By 
 looking at the different fevers in the tables it will be perceived, that typhus 
 has produced the greatest number of deaths, but still it has very much de- 
 creased; being 623, 458, and 611, or 73.5, 39.9 and 41.9 per 1000, showing 
 the last eight years a small increase on the previous 10, but not more than 
 half the proportion of the period 1811 to 1820. The greatest number in 
 one year was 119, in 1818. Ten cases of yellow fever occurred in 1816. 
 
 2. Eruptive Fevers. — The diseases of this class occur very irregularly. 
 They have, however, increased. There occurred 64, 402, and 1402, or 7.5, 
 35.1, and 96.2 per 1000 in the respective periods, the last period showing 
 more than 13 times the mortality of the first. Each of the diseases except- 
 ing thrush, shows an increased mortality. Erysipelas has increased from 
 1, in the first, to 65 in the last period. Measles was very fatal in 1821, 
 1825, 1829, 1832, and particularly in 1835, when 188 died of this disease : 
 28, 332, and 340, or 3.3, 28.9, and 23.1 per 1000 of the whole deaths oc- 
 curred from this disease in the respective periods. Under Scarlatina are 
 included the cases in the bills entered as "scarlet fever," "putrid sore 
 throat," " cynanche maligna," " ulcerated sore throat," "throat distemper," 
 "canker rash," &c., being considered nearly synonymous. Cases of this 
 kind have increased since 1821 to 1830, from 13 to 489 ! It has become one 
 •of the most fatal of the eruptive fevers. The suddenness of its attack, the 
 irregular mode of its operation, and its generally fatal termination, has ren- 
 dered it one of the diseases most to be dreaded. The greatest number in 
 one year was in 1839, when 222 died. The next greatest was 200 in 1832. 
 To the prevalence of this disease may be attributed, in some measure, the 
 increased mortality of children under five years of age. The recorded cases 
 of Sm,allpox have been principally at the quarantine establishment at Rains- 
 ford Island. It never prevailed in the city, as an epidemic, during the period 
 under review, until the autumn of 1839. It then spread generally through 
 the city, and produced 60 deaths before the close of the year. 
 
 3. Not classified. We have adopted this term to designate such endemic, 
 epidemic, or contagious diseases as are not included in either of the forego- 
 ing classes. Under Cholera are included cholera morbus, and also 78, 
 89, and 251 cases in the respective periods which are entered as "cholera 
 infantum," and also 78 cases of Asiatic or spasmodic cholera, which occur- 
 red in 1832. Croup includes the cases of "hives," and "cynanche tra- 
 
xxxiv Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 chealis." This disease resembles quinsy, subsequently classified under the- 
 diseases of the organs of respiration ; and the cases may not all be correctly 
 entered in their respective subdivisions. It was thought best, however, to 
 preserve a separate classification. Under Dysentery are included the cases- 
 of " diarrhoea," having so close a resemblance as to be here classed toge- 
 ther. Tlie number of deaths by each disease of this class, excepting Hydro- 
 phobia and Syphilis, have increased, though dysentery has not produced so 
 great a proportion in the nine last years, as it did in the previous ten. The- 
 following statement will show the comparative prevalence of each of the 
 principal diseases : 
 
 1811—1820. 1821—1830. 1831—1839. 
 
 Diseases. iSTumber. Ratio per 1000. Number. Katio per 1000. Number. Ratio per ]000> 
 
 Cholera, 122 14.4 149 12.9 407 27.9 
 
 Croup, 43 .5. 246 21.3 376 26.9 
 
 Dysentery, 115 13.5 429 37.4 372 25.6 
 
 Hoooping Cough, 78 9.2 184 16.0 256 17.5 
 
 The total of this class of diseases was 880, 1031, and 1499, or 44.9, 89,9^ 
 and 102.9 per 1000 in the respective periods. 
 
 Second Division. — Sporadic Diseases. 
 
 1. Of the Nervous System and Senses. — Brain, Spinal Marrow, Nerves, 
 Eyes, Ears. — Under Convulsions we include cases entered as "fits," 
 "spasms," &c., which are no doubt sometimes erroneously considered as 
 synonymous terms; under Hydrocephalus cases of "dropsy in the head," 
 " eifusion of the brain," " hydrocephalus internus," &c., under Phrenitis 
 cases of "brain fever," " inflammation of the brain," &c. It appears from 
 the tables that the whole of the diseases of this class have been 562, 980, and 
 1516, or 66.4, 85.4, and 104 jjer 1000 in the different periods, showing a 
 slight increase. The entries under each class, excepting epilepsy, insanity, 
 and tetanus, also show an increase. Insanity has not appeared to increase, 
 though some allowance should be made for the patients afflicted with this 
 disease, who go to the Lunatic Asylums at Worcester and Charlestown, and 
 sometimes die there. If these were considered in our reports they would 
 probably show a different result, and a slight increase of the disease. The 
 following statement shows the proportional prevalence of the three principal 
 diseases of this class. 
 
 1811—1820. 1821—1830. 1831—1839. 
 
 Diseases. Number. Ratio per 1000. Number. Ratio per 1000. Number. Ratio per 1000, 
 
 Apoplexy, 109 12.8 107 9.3 162 11.1 
 
 Convulsions, 229 27. 309 26.9 419 28.7 
 
 Hydrocephalus, 86 10.1 270 23.6 498 34.1 
 
 2. Of the Organs of Sespiration — Laryrix, Windxnpe, Air-tubes, Lungs,, 
 and Pleura. We have included under Pleurisy " pleurisy fever," " pleu- 
 ritis," and " inflammation of the pleura ; " under Phthisis, " phthisis pulmo- 
 nalis," and "consumption," also 29 cases in 1820 to 1830, and 18 in 1830 
 
Shattuck nn the Vital Statislics of BoHlov. nxxv 
 
 to 1839, returned as " decline," under Pneumonia, "lung fever," "pulmo- 
 nic fever," and "inflammation of the lungs," under Quinsy " oynauche." 
 In the different periods under consideration, 2460, 2802, and 3214 deaths,^ 
 or 290.5, 244.8, and 220.5 per 1000, were caused by this class of diseases. 
 This indicates a decrease of 70 per 1000 from the first to the last period. 
 The following table will show the comparative prevalence of the principal 
 diseases : 
 
 
 1811- 
 
 -1820. 
 
 1821- 
 
 ■1830. 
 
 1831- 
 
 -1839. 
 
 
 Number 
 cases. 
 
 Ratio per 
 1000. 
 
 Number 
 cases. 
 
 Ratio per 
 1000. 
 
 Number 
 cases. 
 
 Ratio per 
 1000. 
 
 Pleurisy, 
 
 35 
 
 4.1 
 
 40 
 
 3.4 
 
 83 
 
 5.7 
 
 Phthisis, 
 
 1891 
 
 223.3 
 
 2054 
 
 179. 
 
 2066 
 
 141.7 
 
 Pneumonia, 
 
 436 
 
 51.4 
 
 580 
 
 50.5 
 
 937 
 
 04.2 
 
 The leading disease of this class, and indeed of all classes, is phthisis, or 
 consumption. From these tables it appears to have decreased over one- 
 third from the first to the last period. Entire reliance, however, should not 
 be placed on this statement. There is so much indefiniteness in the applica- 
 tion of the term, consumption, as well as many other terms in our bills, 
 that it should be regarded only as an approximation to the truth. The more 
 accurate diagnosis recently observed has probably given a different classifi- 
 cation to many cases, from that assigned to them in the first period. Con- 
 sumption is, however, a most formidable disease, not in Boston peculiarly, 
 but in all cities and country towns. Sufficient facts are known to show, that 
 from one-fourth to one-seventh of all the deaths in the Northern and Middle 
 states, and pei'haps throughout the whole Union, and the civilized world, are 
 caused by consumption. This frightful mortality is to be arrested, if at all, 
 by means of prevention, rather than the cure of the disease after it has once 
 become seated. Were a competent individual to write a popular treatise 
 explaining the various causes of the disease, and the proper precautionary 
 measures to be taken to prevent its attacks, to be read and observed by the 
 people, its mortality might be greatly reduced. 
 
 3. Of the Organs of Circulation — Heart, Arteries, Veins, Lymphatics. — 
 Under Disease are embraced 9 cases of " dropsy of the heart," in 1836, and , 
 several cases of " angina pectoris " in different years. These diseases have 
 increased, being 22, 81, and 191, or 2.5, 7. and 13.1 per 1000. Of the 
 whole of this class, 24, 90, and 200, or 2.9, 7.9, and 13.7 per 1000 occurred 
 in the different periods. It is supposed as the science of medicine progresses, 
 and the diagnosis of disease becomes more perfect, that diseases of the heart 
 will be found to be the cause of more deaths than at present supposed. 
 
 4. Of the Digestive Organs. — Mouth, (Esophagus, Stomach, &c. — Dys- 
 pepsia, as a cause of death, appears less frequently in the two last periods 
 than the first. Under Gastritis are included 3 cases of "gastric fever" in 
 1837 ; under Disease the cases of " aphthas," " canker," " bowel complaints," 
 and " piles." Canker has sometimes been considered synonymous with 
 scarlatina or quinsy, and some cases should probably have been classed 
 
sxxvi Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 .among those diseases. The following statement will show the comparative 
 prevalence of some of the principal diseases of this class : 
 
 
 1811- 
 
 -18 
 
 ■20. 
 
 1821- 
 
 -1830. 
 
 1831- 
 
 -1839. 
 
 
 K umber 
 cases. 
 
 Ratio per 
 1000. 
 
 Number 
 cases. 
 
 Ratio per 
 1000. 
 
 Number 
 caBea. 
 
 Ratio per 
 1000. 
 
 Enteritis, 
 
 6 
 
 
 .7 
 
 162 
 
 14.1 
 
 320 
 
 21.9 
 
 Teething, 
 
 39 
 
 
 4.6 
 
 83 
 
 7.2 
 
 247 
 
 16.9 
 
 Woi-ms, 
 
 21 
 
 
 2.5 
 
 26 
 
 2.2 
 
 51 
 
 3.5 
 
 Most of the other diseases specified have decreased, excepting those of the 
 liver, and the other organs mentioned under the general head, and included 
 ■xmder Disease. These have greatly increased. The whole number of- cases 
 were 231, 644, and 1107, or 27.3, 56.1, and 76, in the different periods. 
 
 5. Of the Urinary Organs. — Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder, Urethra. — 
 Under Stone are included all who died of stone or gravel. In the first period 
 there died of this disease 1 in 1411 of all diseases, in the second 1 in 546, 
 and in the third 1 in 2082. Of all the diseases of this class 9, 30, and 22, 
 ■or 1.1, 2.6, and 1.5 per 1000 occurred in the respective periods. 
 
 6. Of the Organs of Generation. — Under childbed are included cases of 
 "puerperal fever," 63, 121, and 175, or 7.4, 10.5, and 12. per 1000, in the 
 respective periods, occuiTed by this disease ; and 64, 132, and 192, or 7.6, 
 11.5, and 13.2 per 1000 of the whole deaths of this class. 
 
 7. Of the Organs of Locomotion. — Under Rheumatism cases of "rheu- 
 matic fever," 20, 40, and 40, have been caused by this disease ; and by the 
 whole class 26, 61, and 68, or 3.1, 5.3, and 4.7 per 1000 of the whole deaths. 
 
 8. Of the Integumentary System. — Skin, Cellular Tissue. — The deaths 
 by this class were 8, 17, and 26, or .3, 1.5, and 1.8 per 1000 in the respective 
 periods; Ulcers produced the most deaths in this class. " Scurvy" was the 
 cause of 1 death in 1833, and 1 in 1835. 
 
 9. Of Uncertain seat. — The registered deaths by "Infantile Diseases'^ 
 liave been 1587, 883, and 867, or 187.4, 77.9, and 59.4 per 1000 in the re- 
 spective periods. The " Sudden'''' Deaths have been 153, 83, and 70, or 
 18.0, 7.2, and 4.6 per 1000, showing apparently a large decrease in both of 
 these causes of death. A better acquaintance with morbid anatomy, more 
 accurate medical observation, and greater care in making the returns and rec- 
 ords, have given more definite character to the causes of death, and assigned 
 more of them to their proper place. Many cases, which would have been 
 entered in the first period under these names, have in the last been entered 
 under the other and more specific diseases of infancy, or under apoplexy, dis- 
 eases of the heart, and other causes of "sudden" death. This has appar- 
 ently decreased the number of cases of infantile diseases and sudden deaths, 
 and increased the number of cases of other diseases in the tables. These 
 facts are to be considered in estimating the comparative mortality of the dif- 
 ferent diseases. The registered deaths by Intem.perance'hiive increased, being 
 ■65, 257, and 310, or 7, 22.4 and 21.2 per 1000 in the respective periods. 
 
Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. xxxvii 
 
 We are inclined to think, however, that the number of deaths by intemper- 
 ance has not increased so much as the above statement might indicate, but that 
 a different name may have been sometimes given to this cause of death. The- 
 cause of the disease, and not the disease itself, may have been entered. An 
 inspection of the table will show great inequalities in the number of entries- 
 under different years from other causes. This is especially the case with 
 Atrophy, under which are included the entries by "debility," "decline,"' 
 "cachexia," "emaciation," "marasmus," &c. Since the laws of sporadic- 
 diseases are such, as to produce about the same proportion of deaths in the 
 same population, in specific periods of time, it is certain that these entries 
 cannot be relied on as being accurate causes of death. The whole number 
 by all this class of diseases was 2266, 1841, and 2163, or 267.6, 160.5, and 
 148.4 per 1000 of the whole deaths, showing considerable improvement in- 
 diagnosis, but sho-w'ing also that much is yet to be done before the tables 
 can be made as accurate as they should be. 
 
 10. Old Age. — The entries under the very indefinite term "Old age'''' 
 were 379, 420, and 681, or 44.8, 86.6, and 39.9 per 1000 in the respective 
 periods. It is worthy of consideration whether many of these cases might 
 not have been entered under some specific disease. 
 
 11. Deaths by Violence. — The greatest number from any single cause 
 of death under this class is by Drowning, the proportion of which has 
 varied, but not increased. The next greatest is inserted under the very inde- 
 finite name of Casualties, including all who die from accidental causes. The- 
 next are by Burns and Scalds. The deaths by Suicide have stood 29, 50, 
 and 95, or 3.4, 4.3, and 6.5 per 1000 in the respective periods, showing a 
 small increase. Murders have decreased. The whole number by this 
 class are 305, 499, and 611, or 36.0, 43.5, 41.9 per 1000 in the different 
 periods, showing but little variation. 
 
 12. Unknown Causes. — The tables state the number of deaths, of which 
 the causes are unknown, to have been 945, 1917, and 1251, or 111.6, 167.1, 
 and 85.8 per 1000 in the different periods. This number has varied, and is 
 now considerably decreased in proportion to the whole deaths, but it is still 
 very much greater than it should be. Greater care on the part of the medi- 
 cal profession, and in making the records would reduce it. 
 
 From this view of the causes of death in Boston it appears that 1193, 
 2037, and 3622 cases, or 140.8, 177.7, and 248.6 per 1000 of all the deaths 
 were from epidemic, endemic, and contagious diseases ; and that 7275, 9433, 
 and 10,951 cases, or 859.2, 822.3, and 751.4 per 1000 of all the deaths were 
 from sporadic diseases. This shows an increase of the first, and a decrease 
 of the second di-vision of diseases, in the respective periods. If, as has been 
 stated, the great criterion of health is the comparative prevalence of one or 
 the other of these two great divisions of diseases, it follows that Boston is 
 not now quite as healthy as it was twenty or thirty years ago. This fact, 
 I think, may be inferred also from other investigations given in this article. 
 
Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 Table X, showing the number of deaths in Boston 
 
 
 
 
 1811 
 
 1812 
 
 1813 
 
 181411816 1816 
 
 1817 
 
 1818 
 
 1 
 
 1819 
 
 182C 
 
 1 
 
 Total 
 
 
 Intermittent 
 
 2 
 
 QJ 
 
 
 Synochus 
 
 12 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 10 
 
 12 
 
 7 
 
 42 
 
 9 
 
 110 
 
 i 
 
 
 Spotted 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 1. Fevers. 
 
 Typhus 
 
 63 
 
 23 
 
 42 
 
 80 
 
 61 
 
 23 
 
 69 
 
 119 
 
 112 
 
 51 
 
 623 
 
 5 
 1 
 
 
 Yellow 
 
 Total 
 
 75 
 
 27 
 
 48 
 
 86 
 
 53 
 
 10 
 43 
 
 71 
 
 1 
 128 
 
 1 
 165 
 
 1 
 63 
 
 13 
 
 749 
 
 be 
 
 
 'Erysipelas 
 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 - 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 d 
 
 
 Measles 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 21 
 
 6 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 28 
 
 o 
 
 
 Scarlatina 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 12 
 
 10 
 
 29 
 
 T3 
 
 a 
 a 
 
 S 
 
 2. Eruptive 
 Fevers. 
 
 Small-Pox 
 Thrush ■ 
 
 Total 
 
 2 
 3 
 
 — 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 25 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 12 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 64 
 
 
 
 ' Cholera 
 
 63 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 18 
 
 14 
 
 122 
 
 'p. 
 
 
 Croup 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 11 
 
 5 
 
 9 
 
 3 
 
 43 
 
 
 Dysentery 
 
 29 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 23 
 
 4 
 
 13 
 
 17 
 
 116 
 
 ■S 
 
 ^ A'n/ Olntii 
 
 Hydrophobia 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 S 
 
 Jed < Hooping-cough 
 
 14 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 ID 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 21 
 
 78 
 
 ■a 
 
 jiea. 
 
 Influenza 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 a 
 
 
 Syphilis 
 
 12 
 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 4 
 
 16 
 
 
 . 
 
 Total 
 
 119 
 
 5 
 
 12 
 
 16 
 
 22 
 
 24 
 
 61 
 
 13 
 
 46 
 
 64 
 
 380 
 
 
 r 
 
 Apoplexy 
 
 13 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 18 
 
 17 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 109 
 
 
 
 Convnlsions 
 
 40 
 
 12 
 
 21 
 
 15 
 
 23 
 
 18 
 
 42 
 
 29 
 
 20 
 
 19 
 
 229 
 
 
 1. OftheNer^ 
 
 Delirium Tremens 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 - 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 
 _ 
 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 
 vous System 
 
 Epilepsy 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 _ 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 _ 
 
 
 and /Senses. 
 
 Hydrocephalus 
 
 33 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 12 
 
 - 
 
 4 
 
 23 
 
 - 
 
 86 
 
 
 
 Insanity 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 - 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 14 
 
 
 Brain, Spinal' 
 
 Paralysis 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 
 11 
 
 8 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 - 
 
 16 
 
 80 
 
 
 Marrow, 
 
 Phrenitis 
 
 - 
 
 I 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 22 
 
 
 Nerves, Eyes, 
 
 Tetanus 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 2 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 7 
 
 
 Ears. 
 
 Disease 
 
 Total 
 
 101 
 
 43 
 
 1 
 
 46 
 
 1 
 36 
 
 2 
 47 
 
 1 
 61 
 
 72 
 
 60 
 
 63 
 
 54 
 
 6 
 
 662 
 
 
 2. Of the Or- 
 
 Asthma 
 
 _ 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 
 _ 
 
 3 
 
 
 gans of Res- 
 
 Bronchitis 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 
 piration. 
 
 Hydrothorax 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 2 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 Pleurisy 
 
 8 
 
 2 
 
 7 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 35 
 
 
 Larynx, 
 
 Phthisis 
 
 221 
 
 190 
 
 193 
 
 153. 
 
 190 
 
 180 
 
 231 
 
 138 
 
 176 
 
 220 
 
 1891 
 
 
 Windpipe, ' 
 
 Pneumonia 
 
 46 
 
 40 
 
 41 
 
 26 
 
 67 
 
 61 
 
 47 
 
 36 
 
 46 
 
 26 
 
 436 
 
 
 Air tubes, 
 
 Quinsy 
 
 15 
 
 17 
 
 8 
 
 10 
 
 7 
 
 16 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 93 
 
 Oi 
 
 Lungs, Pleura. 
 
 Disease 
 
 Total 
 
 290 
 
 251 
 
 252 
 
 192 
 
 266 
 
 268 
 
 288 
 
 181 
 
 228 
 
 254 
 
 
 2460 
 
 s. 
 
 3. Of the Or- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 gans of Cir- 
 
 Aneurism 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 
 2 
 
 ." 
 
 culation. 
 
 Pericarditis 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 c3 
 
 ■ 
 
 Disease 
 
 1 
 
 1 1 
 
 _ 
 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 8 
 
 22 
 
 s 
 
 Heart, Arte- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ries, Veins, 
 
 Total 
 
 2 
 
 1 1 
 
 _ 
 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 8 
 
 24 
 
 Lymphatics. { 1 
 
 
 j 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ascites 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 2 I 
 
 1 I 
 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 Colic 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 _ 
 
 
 _ 
 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 Constipation 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 4. Of the Di- 
 
 Dyspepsia 
 
 15 
 
 2 
 
 16 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 18 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 2 
 
 11 
 
 89 
 
 
 gestive Or- 
 
 Enteritis 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 
 gans. 
 
 G-astritis 
 Hernia 
 
 1 
 3 
 
 : 
 
 : 
 
 . 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 8 
 
 
 Mouth, CEso- 
 phaguB, Sto- 
 mach, Small 
 Intestines, 
 Colon, Rectum, 
 Pancreas, Liv- 
 er. Gall-Blad. 
 der, Spleen. 
 
 Peritonitis 
 
 Tabes Mesenterica 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 2 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 Teething 
 
 Worms 
 
 Disease 
 
 Disease of the Pancreas 
 
 Hepatitis 
 
 Jaundice 
 
 15 
 11 
 
 10 
 
 10 2 
 
 1 ' - 
 
 4 6 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 3 
 
 2 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 7 
 
 6 
 1 
 
 3 
 3 
 
 6 
 1 
 
 39 
 
 21 
 
 1 
 
 26 
 30 
 
 
 Disease of the Liver 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 _ 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Disease of the Spleen 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 Total 
 
 58 
 
 20 
 
 25 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 25 
 
 15 
 
 18 
 
 24 i S3 1 231 1 
 
Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 XXXIX 
 
 iy disease in each year, from 1811 to 1839. 
 
 1821 
 
 1822 
 
 1823,1824 
 
 1825 
 1 
 
 1826 
 
 1827 
 
 1828 
 2 
 
 1829 
 
 1 
 
 1830 
 1 
 
 Total 
 5 
 
 1831 
 2 
 
 1832 
 
 1 
 
 1833 
 
 1834 
 
 1836 
 4 
 
 1836 
 2 
 
 1837 
 3 
 
 1838 
 
 1839 
 1 
 
 Total 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 13 
 
 18 
 
 10 
 
 _ 
 
 19 
 
 12 
 
 22 
 
 9 
 
 21 
 
 8 
 
 U 
 
 133 
 
 15 
 
 5 
 
 20 
 
 8 
 
 23 
 
 13 
 
 - 
 
 3 
 
 9 
 
 96 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 
 _ 
 
 1 
 
 45 
 
 34 
 
 43 
 
 62 
 
 54 
 
 50 
 
 46 
 
 46 
 
 45 
 
 33 
 
 468 
 
 43 
 
 60 
 
 73 
 
 70 
 
 101 
 
 68 
 
 93 
 
 43 
 
 60 
 
 611 
 
 63 
 
 2 
 46 
 
 1 
 44 
 
 1 
 83 
 
 68 
 
 1 
 73 
 
 55 
 
 69 
 
 1 
 65 
 
 48 
 
 6 
 
 61 
 
 66 
 
 93 
 
 78 
 
 12S 
 
 83 
 
 96 
 
 46 
 
 70 
 
 - 
 
 604 
 
 721 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 8 
 
 3 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 12 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 12 
 
 9 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 17 
 
 8 
 
 66 
 
 149 
 
 3 
 
 _ 
 
 2 
 
 77 
 
 10 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 78 
 
 13 
 
 332 
 
 2 
 
 70 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 ISS 
 
 31 
 
 23 
 
 20 
 
 3 
 
 340 
 
 4 
 
 ] 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 4 
 
 16 
 
 8 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 40 
 
 84 
 
 200 
 
 90 
 
 39 
 
 73 
 
 31 
 
 50 
 
 106 
 
 222 
 
 895 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 - 
 
 4 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 13 
 
 3 
 
 60 
 
 99 
 
 153 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 4 
 
 83 
 
 26 
 
 19 
 
 1 
 9 
 
 1 
 83 
 
 1 
 20 
 
 4 
 
 92 
 
 276 
 
 96 
 
 66 
 
 8 
 
 280 
 
 71 
 
 92 
 
 146 
 
 293 
 
 3 
 1402 
 
 402 
 
 15 
 
 5 
 
 15 
 
 18 
 
 24 
 
 17 
 
 8 
 
 26 
 
 1 
 
 20 
 
 149 
 
 21 
 
 93 
 
 20 
 
 30 
 
 30 
 
 30 
 
 80 
 
 61 
 
 42 
 
 407 
 
 11 
 
 10 
 
 13 
 
 30 
 
 30 
 
 24 
 
 26 
 
 25 
 
 35 
 
 42 
 
 245 
 
 53 
 
 40 
 
 43 
 
 43 
 
 32 
 
 31 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 46 
 
 376 
 
 73 
 
 4U 
 
 37 
 
 69 
 
 60 
 
 48 
 
 27 
 
 31 
 
 21 
 
 23 
 
 429 
 
 29 
 
 24 
 
 41 
 
 48 
 
 45 
 
 38 
 
 45 
 
 65 
 
 37 
 
 372 
 
 26 
 
 5 
 
 IT 
 
 13 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 
 6 
 
 40 
 
 11 
 
 16 
 
 184 
 
 26 
 
 22 
 
 28 
 
 38 
 
 44 
 
 17 
 
 19 
 
 28 
 
 34 
 
 266 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 7 
 
 _ 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 
 7 
 
 22 
 
 24 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 15 
 
 2 
 
 
 72 
 
 1 
 126 
 
 2 
 62 
 
 1 
 83 
 
 3 
 133 
 
 3 
 151 
 
 1 
 118 
 
 1 
 
 67 
 
 3 
 125 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 69 
 
 1 
 102 
 
 17 
 1031 
 
 161 
 
 4 
 207 
 
 133 
 
 3 
 
 166 
 
 2 
 
 155 
 
 118 
 
 4 
 207 
 
 2 
 202 
 
 1 
 
 162 
 
 16 
 
 1499 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 11 
 
 9 
 
 12 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 18 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 107 
 
 11 
 
 15 
 
 19 
 
 9 
 
 19 
 
 19 
 
 31 
 
 19 
 
 20 
 
 162 
 
 22 
 
 11 
 
 22 
 
 36 
 
 48 
 
 53 
 
 29 
 
 32 
 
 28 
 
 28 
 
 309 
 
 34 
 
 41 
 
 39 
 
 50 
 
 51 
 
 60 
 
 62 
 
 60 
 
 42 
 
 419 
 
 6 
 
 - 
 
 7 
 
 4 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 - 
 
 2 
 
 38 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 11 
 
 10 
 
 8 
 
 58 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 _ 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 . _ 
 
 2 
 
 _ 
 
 12 
 
 _ 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 11 
 
 33 
 
 38 
 
 29 
 
 24 
 
 38 
 
 42 
 
 48 
 
 270 
 
 61 
 
 44 
 
 52 
 
 63 
 
 48 
 
 6S 
 
 59 
 
 67 
 
 56 
 
 498 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 - 
 
 2 
 
 _ 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 22 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 4 
 
 _ 
 
 
 3 
 
 19 
 
 22 
 
 10 
 
 5 
 
 12 
 
 14 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 14 
 
 113 
 
 11 
 
 19 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 19 
 
 11 
 
 13 
 
 7 
 
 14 
 
 119 
 
 15 
 
 17 
 
 IB 
 
 - 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 7 
 
 5 
 
 V 
 
 - 
 
 73 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 11 
 
 10 
 
 - 
 
 6 
 
 23 
 
 25 
 
 11 
 
 86 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 2 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 6 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 _ 
 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 82 
 
 1 
 61 
 
 1 
 74 
 
 100 
 
 1 
 
 123 
 
 6 
 118 
 
 6 
 91 
 
 112 
 
 V 
 113 
 
 8 
 116 
 
 30 
 
 16 
 129 
 
 19 
 180 
 
 7 
 144 
 
 10 
 149 
 
 3 
 162 
 
 15 
 179 
 
 31 
 
 220 
 
 23 
 213 
 
 12 
 160 
 
 140 
 
 980 
 
 1515 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 13 
 
 2 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 1 
 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 1 
 
 2 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 26 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 - 
 
 5 
 
 14 
 
 ■i 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 47 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 41 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 40 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 8 
 
 11 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 18 
 
 10 
 
 2 
 
 83 
 
 216 
 
 166 
 
 184 
 
 246 
 
 220 
 
 231 
 
 178 
 
 217 
 
 203 
 
 193 
 
 2064 
 
 203 
 
 246 
 
 240 
 
 246 
 
 208 
 
 233 
 
 212 
 
 266 
 
 222 
 
 2066 
 
 31 
 
 41 
 
 38 
 
 77 
 
 67 
 
 41 
 
 36 
 
 89 
 
 90 
 
 68 
 
 580 
 
 97 
 
 106 
 
 77 
 
 90 
 
 141 
 
 99 
 
 114 
 
 lis 
 
 100 
 
 937 
 
 b 
 
 7 
 
 5 
 
 11 
 
 - 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 I 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 43 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 S 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 _ 
 
 
 R 
 
 30 
 
 - 
 
 221 
 
 237 
 
 16 
 372 
 
 298 
 
 2 
 296 
 
 229 
 
 2 
 313 
 
 6 
 310 
 
 271 
 
 25 
 
 316 
 
 368 
 
 3 
 340 
 
 5 
 361 
 
 1 
 369 
 
 3 
 
 364 
 
 8 
 364 
 
 2 
 389 
 
 4 
 343 
 
 26 
 
 253 
 
 2802 
 
 3214 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 ] 
 
 . 
 
 _ 
 
 . 
 
 . 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 . 
 
 _ 
 
 , 
 
 . 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 7 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 8 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 _ 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 3 
 
 8 
 9 
 
 4 
 11 
 
 10 
 10 
 
 14 
 
 14 
 
 7 
 8 
 
 7 
 7 
 
 10 
 10 
 
 13 
 13 
 
 81 
 
 15 
 15 
 
 13 
 13 
 
 16 
 16 
 
 26 
 25 
 
 14 
 14 
 
 23 
 
 24 
 
 27 
 32 
 
 28 
 31 
 
 30 
 30 
 
 191 
 
 5 
 
 90 
 
 200 
 
 _ 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 3 
 7 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 24 
 3 
 15 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 10 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 30 
 
 3 
 
 _ 
 
 3 
 
 _ 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 1 
 
 11 
 
 10 
 
 5 
 
 15 
 
 13 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 12 
 
 33 
 
 21 
 
 14 
 
 162 
 
 18 
 
 31 
 
 23 
 
 38 
 
 30 
 
 36 
 
 41 
 
 64 
 
 50 
 
 320 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 4 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 
 2 
 
 - 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 - 
 
 _ 
 
 a 
 
 6 
 
 
 10 
 
 _ 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 _ 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 12 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 
 _ 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 _ 
 
 6 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 4 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 2 
 
 10 
 
 15 
 
 S 
 
 23 
 
 _ 
 
 13 
 
 12 
 
 83 
 
 10 
 
 21 
 
 30 
 
 36 
 
 24 
 
 6 
 
 22 
 
 30 
 
 99 
 
 247 
 
 _ 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 26 
 
 3 
 
 7 
 
 7 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 9 
 
 51 
 
 1 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 22 
 
 41 
 
 25 
 
 39 
 
 20 
 
 18 
 
 16 
 
 182 
 
 28 
 
 38 
 
 31 
 
 29 
 
 44 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 10 
 
 33 
 
 310 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 16 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 18 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 7 
 
 3 
 
 - 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 34 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 21 
 
 5 
 
 - 
 
 6 
 
 - 
 
 
 11 
 
 7 
 
 10 
 
 14 
 
 17 
 
 70 
 
 11 
 
 9 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 26 
 
 14 
 
 S 
 
 5 
 
 9 
 
 101 
 
 1 
 
 20 
 
 35 
 
 57 
 
 119 
 
 86 
 
 91 
 
 73 
 
 1 
 76 
 
 65 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 77 
 
 114 
 
 113 
 
 T21 
 
 133 
 
 196 
 
 "m" 
 
 117 
 
 139 
 
 
 23 
 
 64+ 
 
 1107 
 
xl 
 
 Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston, 
 
 Table X, showing the number of deaths in Boston 
 
 
 KidneyB, Ure- 
 ters, Bladder, 
 Urethra. 
 
 ). Of the Or- 
 gans of Gen- 
 eration. 
 
 7. Of the Or-^ 
 gans of Lo- j 
 comotion. 
 
 ■; Stone 
 Disease 
 
 Total 
 
 Childbed 
 DiseaBes 
 
 I Rbeumatism 
 I Disease 
 
 Joints, BoneB, 
 
 Ligaments, 
 Tendons, Mus- 
 cles. 
 
 8. Of the In- [ Carbuncle 
 tegumentary Fistula 
 System. \ Ulcer 
 
 1 Disease 
 Skin. Cellular 
 
 Tissue. 1 Total 
 
 f Abscess 
 I Atrophy 
 
 Cancer 
 I Debility 
 i Dropsy 
 
 G-out 
 
 Hsemorrhage 
 I Infantile Diseases 
 { Inflammation 
 
 Intemperance 
 
 Malformation 
 
 Mortification 
 
 Scrofula 
 
 Sudden Deaths 
 
 Tumor 
 
 9. Of uncertain 
 seat. 
 
 Total 
 
 10. OfoldAge.—OXilAge. 
 
 'BiirnH and Scalds 
 Casualties 
 
 Drinking Cold Water 
 Drowned 
 Fracture 
 
 11. Deaths by j'^^'"'-^''. 
 VinlPncP "^ Hanged 
 
 \ lolence. Murdered 
 
 Poisoned 
 
 Suffocation 
 
 Suicide 
 
 Total 
 Unknown Causes 
 
 1811 
 
 1812 
 1 
 
 1813 
 1 
 
 1814 
 
 1816 
 
 1816 
 
 1817 
 3 
 
 1818 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 1819 
 
 1820 
 2 
 
 Tola! 
 
 2 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 U 
 
 ft 
 
 ft 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 12 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 S 
 
 63 
 
 14 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 12 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 64 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 7 
 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 20 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 26 
 
 1 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 5 
 
 
 1 
 
 13 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 37 
 
 
 
 
 
 68 
 
 ft 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 11 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 32 
 
 28 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 4 
 
 44 
 
 21 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 17 
 
 14 
 
 12 
 
 36 
 
 23 
 
 23 
 
 14 
 
 193 
 
 3 
 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 4 
 
 12 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 23 
 
 
 133 
 
 206 
 
 208 
 
 222 
 
 198 
 
 157 
 
 156 
 
 147 
 
 163 
 
 1587 
 
 2 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 11 
 
 31 
 
 68 
 
 11 
 
 4 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 6 
 
 13 
 
 9 
 
 4 
 
 * 
 
 7 
 
 69 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 14 
 
 2S 
 
 24 
 
 11 
 
 14 
 
 11 
 
 21 
 
 13 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 9 
 
 153 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 121 
 
 190 
 
 245 
 
 261 
 
 262 
 
 286 
 
 236 
 
 217 
 
 212 
 
 246 
 
 2266 
 
 26 
 
 36 
 
 48 
 
 39 
 
 44 
 
 37 
 
 60 
 
 32 
 
 29 
 
 39 
 
 379 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 9 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 42 
 
 16 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 14 
 
 8 
 
 12 
 
 84 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 13 
 
 10 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 16 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 12 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 12 
 2 
 
 13 
 1 
 
 12 
 
 
 9 
 1 
 
 4 
 2 
 3 
 
 119 
 2 
 
 5 
 6 
 6 
 5 
 
 1 
 38 
 
 22 
 
 28 
 
 1 
 19 
 
 6 
 29 
 
 4 
 28 
 
 3 
 33 
 
 4 
 34 
 
 33 
 
 6 
 41 
 
 29 
 
 306 
 
 43 
 
 32 
 
 39 
 
 43 
 
 71 
 
 84 
 
 32 
 
 237 
 
 178 
 
 187 
 
 945 
 
Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 by disease in each year, from 1811 to 1839. — -continued. 
 
 xli 
 
 isai 
 
 1822 
 
 1823 
 
 1824 
 
 18^0 
 
 IBZb 
 
 1827 
 
 1 
 
 1828 
 
 1 
 
 1829 
 
 1830 
 1 
 
 Total. 
 
 1831 
 
 1832 
 
 1833 
 
 1834 
 1 
 
 1835 
 
 183B 
 
 1 
 
 1837 
 2 
 
 1838 
 1 
 
 1839 
 
 Total. 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 21 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 
 * 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 5 
 
 1 
 8 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 ■^ 
 
 2 
 3 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 30 
 
 22 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 13 
 
 17 
 
 12 
 
 11 
 
 U 
 
 17 
 
 16 
 
 121 
 
 14 
 
 14 
 
 17 
 
 14 
 
 29 
 
 23 
 
 19 
 
 27 
 
 18 
 
 176 
 
 •1 
 9 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 17 
 
 17 
 
 12 
 
 1 
 
 12 
 
 2 
 16 
 
 2 
 19 
 
 16 
 
 11 
 
 14 
 
 1 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 • 
 14 
 
 1 
 30 
 
 2 
 
 26 
 
 6 
 24 
 
 7 
 34 
 
 1 
 19 
 
 17 
 
 132 
 
 192 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 40 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 7 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 40 
 
 ■I 
 8 
 
 1 
 3 
 
 2 
 4 
 
 3 
 12 
 
 2 
 8 
 
 2 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 B 
 
 4 
 B 
 
 21 
 61 
 
 2 
 6 
 
 3 
 B 
 
 5 
 9 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 7 
 
 4 
 11 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 11 
 
 4 
 8 
 
 28 
 
 S8 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 7 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 . 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 -^ 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 3 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 8 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 1 
 6 
 
 1 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 2 
 
 2 
 11 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 ^- 
 
 
 6 
 
 17 
 
 26 
 
 3 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 2 
 
 B 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 37 
 
 4 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 
 3 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 88 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 13 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 
 
 3B 
 
 
 , 
 
 2 
 
 10 
 
 31 
 
 23 
 
 32 
 
 64 
 
 34 
 
 186 
 
 3 
 
 12 
 
 3 
 
 9 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 68 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 12 
 
 16 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 14 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 86 
 
 S 
 
 4 
 
 B 
 
 IB 
 
 
 18 
 
 B 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 8 
 
 82 
 
 20 
 
 15 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 29 
 
 11 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 11 
 
 117 
 
 32 
 
 43 
 
 18 
 
 12 
 
 28 
 
 32 
 
 25 
 
 20 
 
 12 
 
 16 
 
 237 
 
 28 
 
 38 
 
 24 
 
 27 
 
 38 
 
 35 
 
 42 
 
 23 
 
 28 
 
 283 
 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 12 
 
 153 
 
 244 
 
 184 
 
 32 
 
 44 
 
 40 
 
 36 
 
 66 
 
 66 
 
 41 
 
 883 
 
 66 
 
 70 
 
 100 
 
 96 
 
 111 
 
 176 
 
 69 
 
 112 
 
 88 
 
 867 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 11 
 
 1 
 
 2B 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 20 
 
 1 
 
 36 
 
 31 
 
 2b 
 
 10 
 
 22 
 
 23 
 
 38 
 
 26 
 
 34 
 
 30 
 
 19 
 
 267 
 
 38 
 
 44 
 
 40 
 
 39 
 
 37 
 
 41 
 
 17 
 
 24 
 1 
 
 30 
 1 
 
 310 
 
 2 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 9 
 
 7 
 
 « 
 
 4 
 
 77 
 
 » 
 
 9 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 11 
 
 3 
 
 
 61 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 36 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 13 
 
 9 
 
 13 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 66 
 
 B 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 36 
 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 7 
 
 9 
 
 83 
 
 fl 
 
 9 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 
 13 
 
 10 
 
 70 
 
 1 
 262 
 
 366 
 
 249 
 
 2 
 142 
 
 1 
 
 166 
 
 2 
 166 
 
 3 
 118 
 
 140 
 
 142 
 
 3 
 121 
 
 12 
 1841 
 
 6 
 176 
 
 2 
 206 
 
 2 
 211 
 
 2 
 
 228 
 
 7 
 299 
 
 1 
 325 
 
 1 
 
 202 
 
 3 
 
 284 
 
 5 
 233 
 
 28 
 
 2163 
 
 31 
 
 36 
 
 39 
 
 33 
 
 38 
 
 40 
 
 37 
 
 64 
 
 65 
 
 47 
 
 420 
 
 67 
 
 62 
 
 67 
 
 54 
 
 72 
 
 82 
 
 69 
 
 65 
 
 63 
 
 581 
 
 14 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 16 
 
 6 
 
 13 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 86 
 
 16 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 6 
 
 11 
 
 10 
 
 12 
 
 20 
 
 15 
 
 110 
 
 18 
 
 17 
 
 24 
 
 2 
 2 
 
 11 
 6 
 
 14 
 
 14 
 
 14 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 134 
 10 
 
 14 
 1 
 
 18 
 
 19 
 
 22 
 
 1 
 
 25 
 1 
 
 32 
 
 14 
 
 22 
 3 
 
 16 
 
 182 
 6 
 
 19 
 
 21 
 
 16 
 2 
 
 18 
 
 21 
 1 
 
 22 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 21 
 
 16 
 2 
 
 19 
 1 
 
 16 
 2 
 
 188 
 6 
 4 
 1 
 
 15 
 1 
 1 
 
 22 
 
 10 
 2 
 
 25 
 1 
 
 IB 
 
 7 
 
 17 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 23 
 
 19 
 1 
 
 80 
 2 
 
 177 
 7 
 2 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 B 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 7 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 2 
 65 
 
 5 
 66 
 
 3 
 
 48 
 
 6 
 43 
 
 4 
 61 
 
 6 
 67 
 
 4 
 49 
 
 9 
 64 
 
 5 
 
 44 
 
 8 
 43 
 
 60 
 
 12 
 63 
 
 8 
 60 
 
 14 
 68 
 
 11 
 69 
 
 9 
 70 
 
 13 
 80 
 
 10 
 69 
 
 8 
 77 
 
 1 
 
 75 
 
 96 
 
 499 
 
 611 
 
 241 
 
 218 
 
 211 
 
 197 
 
 227 
 
 161 
 
 163 
 
 180 
 
 160 
 
 162 
 
 1917 
 
 182 
 
 126 
 
 8n 
 
 105 
 
 88 
 
 85 
 
 269 
 
 182 
 
 129 
 
 1261 
 
xlii 
 
 Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 Table XI, showing the numier of deaths, and the ratio per 1000 by each class of diseases, 
 in- the three periods, 1811-1820, 1821-1830, and 1831-1839. 
 
 Diseases. 
 
 1811-1820. 
 
 1821-1830. 
 
 1831-1839. j 
 
 Number 
 
 Ratio 
 
 Number 
 
 Rotio 
 
 Number 
 
 Ratio 
 
 
 of deaths. 
 
 per lUOO. 
 
 of deaths. 
 
 rer 1001). 
 
 of deaths 
 
 per 1000. 
 
 Ferers, 
 
 749 
 
 88.4 
 
 004 
 
 52.7 
 
 721 
 
 49.5 
 
 Eruptive Fevers, 
 
 64 
 
 7.5 
 
 402 
 
 35.1 
 
 1402 
 
 96.2 
 
 Not classified, 
 
 Total Epidemic, Endemic, &c. diseases. 
 
 Nervous system. 
 
 380 
 
 44.9 
 
 1031 
 
 89.9 
 
 1499 
 
 102.9 
 
 1193 
 
 140.8 
 
 2037 
 
 177.7 
 
 3622 
 
 248.6 
 
 562 
 
 66.4 
 
 980 
 
 85.4 
 
 1515 
 
 104.0 
 
 Organs of Respiration, 
 
 2460 
 
 290.5 
 
 2802 
 
 244.3 
 
 8214 
 
 220.5 
 
 Organs of Circulation,. 
 
 25 
 
 2.9 
 
 90 
 
 7.9 
 
 200 
 
 13.7 
 
 Digestive Organs, 
 
 231 
 
 27.3 
 
 644 
 
 56.1 
 
 1107 
 
 76.0 
 
 Urinary Organs, 
 
 9 
 
 1.1 
 
 30 
 
 2.6 
 
 22 
 
 1.5 
 
 Organs of Generation, 
 
 64 
 
 7.6 
 
 132 
 
 11.5 
 
 192 
 
 18.2 
 
 Organs of Locomotion, 
 
 26 
 
 3.1 
 
 61 
 
 5.3 
 
 68 
 
 4.7 
 
 Integumentary System, 
 
 3 
 
 .3 
 
 17 
 
 1.5 
 
 26 
 
 1.8 
 
 Uncertain seat. 
 
 2266 
 
 267.6 
 
 1841 
 
 160.5 
 
 2163 
 
 148.4 
 
 Old Age, - 
 
 879 
 
 44.8 
 
 420 
 
 86.6 
 
 581 
 
 39.9 
 
 Deaths by violence, 
 
 805 
 
 36.0 
 
 499 
 
 43.5 
 
 611 
 
 41.9 
 
 Unknovrn causes. 
 Total Sporadic diseases, - 
 General Total, - 
 
 945 
 
 111.6 
 
 1917 
 
 167.1 
 
 1251 
 
 85.8 
 
 7275 
 
 859.2 
 
 9438 
 
 822.3 
 
 10951 
 
 751.4 
 
 8468 
 
 1000.0 
 
 11470 
 
 1000.0 
 
 14573 
 
 1000.0 
 
 This article has ah'eady extended so far that the author is induced to 
 omit all comparisons between Boston and other places, in regard to the pre- 
 valence of particular diseases, or the general mortality. He has a series 
 of the bills of mortality of the principal cities in the United States, and a 
 great mass of similar facts from Europe, which he reserves for a future con- 
 sideration. 
 
 Since the foregoing article was in the hands of the printer the population 
 of Boston, and the bill of mortality for 1840 have been obtained ; and it is 
 deemed expedient to annex the following abstract of these documents. 
 
 A census was taken by authority of the state, on the first day of May, for 
 the purpose of an apportionment of the representatives in the legislature, 
 which excluded some classes of the inhabitants. According to the census of 
 the United States the whole population was 93,470, whites 91,188, or 97.65 
 per cent., and coloured 2321, or 2.55 per cent. Of these 10,805 were 
 returned as engaged in navigation, a large portion of whom, being constantly 
 absent, should not be embraced in the comparative estimates of the deaths to 
 the living. The white population, among whom the recorded deaths occur, 
 may be estimated at 84,311, and the coloured at 2821. The deaths in 1840, 
 exclusive of the stillborn, were 1841 whites, or 1 in 47, or 2.10 per cent, 
 and 64 coloured, or 1 in 36, or 2.75 per cent, being about the average for the 
 
Shattuck on the Vital Statistics of Boston. 
 
 xliii 
 
 previous years. The whites were distributed according to ages, as in the 
 following table. The male deaths were 951, and the female 890. There 
 were 45 more males than females died under five years of age. 
 
 Age. 
 
 Population in 1840. 
 
 
 Deaths in 
 
 1840. 
 
 
 Number 
 
 in each 
 
 age. 
 
 Number 
 surviving 
 each age. 
 
 Proport'n 
 
 in each 
 
 age. 
 
 Proport'n 
 surviving 
 each age. 
 
 Number 
 
 in each 
 
 age. 
 
 ■ Number 
 surviving 
 each age. 
 
 Proport'n 
 
 in each 
 
 age. 
 
 Proport'n 
 Barviving 
 each age. 
 
 Proport'n 
 to living 
 each age. 
 
 Under 5 
 
 11393 
 
 84.311 
 
 13.51 
 
 100. 
 
 784 
 
 1777 
 
 44.12 
 
 100.00 
 
 6.88 
 
 5 to 10 
 
 8725 
 
 79.918 
 
 10.35 
 
 86.49 
 
 70 
 
 993 
 
 3.94 
 
 55.88 
 
 .80 
 
 10 to 20 
 
 15809 
 
 64.193 
 
 18.75 
 
 76.14 
 
 100 
 
 923 
 
 5.63 
 
 51.94 
 
 .63 
 
 20 to 30 
 
 22337 
 
 48.384 
 
 26.49 
 
 57.39 
 
 200 
 
 823 
 
 11.26 
 
 46.31 
 
 .99 
 
 30 to 40 
 
 13666 
 
 26.047 
 
 16.21 
 
 30 90 
 
 226 
 
 623 
 
 12.72 
 
 35.05 
 
 1.65 
 
 iO to 50 
 
 6546 
 
 12.381 
 
 7.77 
 
 14.69 
 
 133 
 
 597 
 
 7.48 
 
 22.33 
 
 2.03 
 
 50 to 60 
 
 3404 
 
 5.835 
 
 4.04 
 
 6.92 
 
 110 
 
 464 
 
 6.19 
 
 14.85 
 
 3.23 
 
 60 to 70 
 
 1561 
 
 2.431 
 
 1.85 
 
 2.88 
 
 69 
 
 154 
 
 3.88 
 
 8.66 
 
 4.42 
 
 70 to 80 
 
 641 
 
 .870 
 
 .76 
 
 1.03 
 
 47 
 
 85 
 
 2.64 
 
 4.78 
 
 7.33 
 
 80 to 90 
 
 202 
 
 .229 
 
 .24 
 
 .27 
 
 33 
 
 38 
 
 1.86 
 
 2.14 
 
 15.95 
 
 Over 90 
 
 27 
 
 .027 
 
 .03 
 
 .03 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 .28 
 
 .28 
 
 18.55 
 
 84311 
 
 
 100.00 
 
 
 1777 
 
 
 100.00 
 
 
 2.10 
 
 Disease. — Of 533 deaths caused by endemic, epidemic, [and contagious 
 diseases, 97 were from fevers, 202 from eruptive fevers, and]234 from others 
 not classified. Of these 89 were by typhus fever, 76 by scarlatina, 116 by 
 small pox, 55 by cholera, 58 by dysentery, and 70 by whooping cough, 
 showing, by comparing it with Table X, an increased prevalence of some 
 diseases, and a decrease of others. 
 
 Of the 1308 deaths caused by sporadic diseases, 200 were by diseases of 
 the nervous system, 402 of the organs of respiration, 18 of the organs of cir- 
 culation, 126 of the organs of digestion, 1 of the urinary organs, 24 of the 
 organs of generation, 8 of the organs of locomotion, 5 of the integumentary 
 system, 295 of uncertain seat, 64 of old age, 79 by violence, and 86 by 
 unknown causes. The stillborn were 131 . This shows no peculiar^feature 
 in the prevalence of these diseases, when compared with the prevalence of 
 the same diseases for the previous nine years. 
 
Death Returns prom 1810 to 1850. 
 
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 1—1 
 
 
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Death Retuens from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1811. 
 
 Abscess 1 
 
 Aneurism 1 
 
 Apoplexy ... .13 
 
 Burns .... . . 6 
 
 Cancer 5 
 
 Casualties 15 
 
 Child-bed 14 
 
 Cholera-morbus . . . 6 
 
 Colic 2 
 
 Consumption 221 
 
 Convulsions 36 
 
 Cramp in stomach ... 2 
 
 Croup 1 
 
 Debility 28 
 
 Decay 20 
 
 Drinking cold water . . 2 
 
 Dropsy 21 
 
 Dropsy in head .... 33 
 
 Drowned 13 
 
 Dysentery 14 
 
 Dyspepsia 15 
 
 Fever, bilious .... 7 
 
 " inflammatory . . 24 
 
 " pulmonic .... 46 
 
 " putrid 6 
 
 " typhus .... 33 
 
 Flux, infantile .... 57 
 
 Gout 3 
 
 Hemorrhage 4 
 
 Hernia or rupture ... 3 
 
 Indigestion 15 
 
 Inflammation, bowels . . 1 
 
 ' ' stomach . . 1 
 
 Insanity 1 
 
 Intemperance 2 
 
 Jaundice 10 
 
 Killed by lightning ... 1 
 
 Lock-jaw 2 
 
 Mortification 11 
 
 Old age 26 
 
 Palsy 12 
 
 Pleurisy 8 
 
 Quinsy 15 
 
 Rheumatism 1 
 
 Eupture of blood-vessel . 1 
 
 Small-pox 2 
 
 Sore throat 1 
 
 Spasms 2 
 
 Still-born 49 
 
 Sudden ... ... 25 
 
 Suicide . . .... 1 
 
 Syphilis 12 
 
 Teething 15 
 
 Unknown diseases ... 48 
 
 White swelling .... 2 
 Whooping-cough . .14 
 
 Worms .... . . 11 
 
 * Total ...... 941 
 
 * This tabulation evidently includcB also the deaths in the last three months of 1810, 
 recorded in page 1. — W. H. W. 
 
Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
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Death Returns feom 1810 to 1850. 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1812. 
 
 Angina pectoris .... 1 
 
 Apoplexy 15 
 
 Asthma 2 
 
 Burns 2 
 
 Casualty . . . . 6 
 
 Cholera-morbus .... 2 
 
 Colic 2 
 
 Consumption 190 
 
 Convulsions 12 
 
 Croup . 1 
 
 Dropsy 16 
 
 " in head .... 6 
 
 Drowned 10 
 
 Dysentery 2 
 
 Fever, bilious 
 ■ " pleurisy , 
 ' ' puerperal 
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 " putrid . 
 ' ' typhus 
 
 Frost . . . . 
 
 Hemorrhage . 
 
 Indigestion 
 
 4 
 2 
 5 
 
 40 
 1 
 
 22 
 1 
 1 
 2 
 
 Infantile diseases 
 
 
 
 133 
 
 Inflammation of brain . 
 
 1 
 
 Insanity 
 
 2 
 
 Intemperance . 
 
 12 
 
 Jaundice ... 
 
 4 
 
 Lock-jaw . 
 
 
 1 
 
 Mortification . . 
 
 
 4 
 
 Nephrisis . 
 
 
 1 
 
 Old age . . 
 
 
 35 
 
 Palsy . . . 
 
 
 6 
 
 Psoas abscess 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Quinsy . . . 
 
 
 
 17 
 
 Small-pox . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Still-born . . 
 
 
 
 48 
 
 Sudden . . . 
 
 
 
 24 
 
 Suffocation 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Tabies . . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Teething . . 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 Unknown . 
 
 
 
 32 
 
 Vomica . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Total . . 
 
 
 
 682 
 
Death Eettjrns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
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Death Returns feom 1810 to 1850. 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1813. 
 
 Abscess ....... 1 
 
 Angina pectoris .... 1 
 
 Apoplexy 15 
 
 Ascites 2 
 
 Asthma 1 
 
 Burns 2 
 
 Cancer 1 
 
 Casualty 9 
 
 Cholera 3 
 
 Cholera-infantura ... 2 
 
 Consumption 193 
 
 Convulsions 11 
 
 Croup 1 
 
 Dropsy 17 
 
 Drowned . .... 15 
 
 Dysentery 5 
 
 Dyspepsia 16 
 
 1 
 
 . 6 
 
 . 3 
 
 7 
 
 . 5 
 
 Erysipelas 
 
 Fever, bilious . . 
 " inflammatory 
 " pleurisy . 
 ' ' puerperal 
 " pulmonic . 
 
 41 
 
 Fever, putrid 1 
 
 " typhus .... 38 
 
 Fits 10 
 
 Gout 1 
 
 Hemorrhage 1 
 
 Hooping-cough .... 1 
 
 Hydrocephalus .... 2 
 
 Hydrops pectoris ... 2 
 
 Infantile diseases . . . 206 
 
 Jaundice 5 
 
 Mortification 7 
 
 Nephrisis 1 
 
 Neurosis 1 
 
 Old age 48 
 
 Palsy 6 
 
 Poison I 
 
 Quinsy 8 
 
 Still-born 36 
 
 Sudden 11 
 
 Suffocation 1 
 
 Unknown 41 
 
 Total 
 
 786 
 
Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 1 
 
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 00 
 
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 C35 
 
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 CM 
 
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 T-H 
 
 
 
 
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 • 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 ^ 
 
 
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 1-5 
 
 
 
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 p 
 s 
 
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 3 
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 3 
 
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 0) 
 
 a 
 
 CD 
 
 o 
 
 CB 
 
 a 
 
 a; 
 o 
 
 CD 
 
 
Death Returns fkom 1810 to 1850. 
 
 Diseases and Causes op Death in Boston in 1814. 
 
 Anasarca 
 
 
 . 17 
 
 Hooping-cough . . 
 
 . 5 
 
 Apoplexy 
 
 
 3 
 
 Hydrocephalus internus 
 
 . 3 
 
 Burns . 
 
 
 . 5 
 
 Hydrophobia . 
 
 1 
 
 Casualty 
 
 
 . 3 
 
 Infantile discnsi's 
 
 . 208 
 
 Cholera 
 
 
 1 
 
 Insanity 
 
 2 
 
 Cholera- morbus . 
 
 2 
 
 Jaundice . 
 
 . 2 
 
 Consumption . . . 
 
 . 153 
 
 Mortification . 
 
 . 8 
 
 Convulsions .... 
 
 1 
 
 Neurosis . 
 
 1 
 
 Cramps 
 
 . 2 
 
 Old age . . 
 
 . 39 
 
 Croup 
 
 2 
 
 T*aratisis 
 
 9 
 
 Debility 
 
 1 
 
 Phrenitis 
 
 1 
 
 Disorders unknown . 
 
 . 43 
 
 JU Jul AV.'t-tLUXkJ • • 
 
 Quinsy . . . 
 
 10 
 
 Drowned .... 
 
 . 10 
 
 Scrofula .... 
 
 1 
 
 Dvseuterv 
 
 4 
 
 Spasms ... 
 Still-born . . 
 
 1 
 
 Fever, bilious . . . 
 
 6 
 
 32 
 
 " inflammatory 
 
 . 3 
 
 Sudden . ... 
 
 . 14 
 
 " pleurisy . 
 
 . 3 
 
 Suicide . . . . 
 
 1 
 
 " puerperal . 
 
 6 
 
 * Synanchia tiancialis 
 
 1 
 
 " pulmonic . 
 
 . 26 
 
 Teething . . . 
 
 1 
 
 " typhus . . . 
 
 . 77 
 
 Tetanus . . 
 
 . 2 
 
 Fits 
 
 . 11 
 
 ^V^hitp Rwf'llino" 
 
 1 
 
 Gout 
 
 . 2 
 
 11 m\j\j ovvdiiiJii . . 
 
 X 
 
 Hepatitis 
 
 3 
 
 Total .... 
 
 . 727 
 
 
 *Cyna 
 
 Qche Tract 
 
 ealis. — W. H. W. 
 
 
10 
 
 Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
 1— 1 
 
 l^ 
 
 <M 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 <N 
 
 Ol 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 T-H 
 
 ■StBlOX 
 
 »j^ 
 
 "O 
 
 CD 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 XO 
 
 iQ 
 
 00 
 
 O 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 l^ 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 i§ 
 
 fa 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 fa 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 (N 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^H 
 
 -^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 00 
 
 lO 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 S 
 
 S 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 ^^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 d 
 
 .00 
 
 fa 
 
 (N 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 T-H 
 
 i-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 t^ 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 
 ■ 
 
 ,-H 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 <M 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 CM 
 
 t- Bi 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 d 
 
 fa- 
 
 '-' 
 
 '-' 
 
 (N 
 
 T-H 
 
 <N 
 
 <M 
 
 »o 
 
 CM 
 
 O 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 00 
 
 • 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 ,— , 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 -* 
 
 lO 
 
 o 
 
 CS B^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 ,_, 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 <M 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 ,-H 
 
 ,.H 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 -H 
 
 lO 
 
 ,_( 
 
 6 
 
 Em 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 , 
 
 (M 
 
 1-H 
 
 rH 
 
 ,_, 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^H 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 no 
 
 @ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 -* 
 
 (N 
 
 lO 
 
 T-H 
 
 T— ) 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 'it 
 
 >c 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 »o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 HO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 uO 
 
 CM 
 
 ^ 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 'it 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 C<1 
 
 ^ 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 o 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
 t- 
 
 CO 
 
 ,-H 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ,-H 
 
 -it 
 
 ¥ 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 L^ 
 
 -* 
 
 C~ 
 
 00 
 
 L-^ 
 
 CO 
 
 C72 
 
 m 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 lO 
 
 ,—, 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 uO 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 UO 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 >o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 05 
 
 CM 
 
 lO 
 
 CM 
 
 (M 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 uO 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 <M 
 
 CO 
 
 ,-H 
 
 ,_, 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 C<1 
 
 o 
 
 (N 
 
 CM 
 
 O 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 1— t 
 
 o 
 
 (N 
 
 'it 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 ^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 i-H 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 
 
 CN 
 
 (N 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 UO 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 lO 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 02 
 
 d 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 1— 1 
 
 o 
 
 ,-H 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 ,-H 
 
 ,-H 
 
 lO 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 U3 
 
 O 
 
 ■o 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 (N 
 
 o 
 
 uO 
 
 CM 
 
 ^H 
 
 >o 
 
 ai 
 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 I— 1 
 
 tH 
 
 <M 
 
 ■o 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 c;i 
 
 CO 
 
 iC 
 
 
 g 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 c» 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 -H 
 
 CO 
 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 'it 
 
 CQ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 o 
 
 s^ 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 >o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 'it 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 t~ 
 
 -* 
 
 00 
 
 IC 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 t- 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 Oi 
 
 S!S 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ,^x 
 
 , 
 
 -* 
 
 CD 
 
 L^ 
 
 Oi 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 CJ3 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 'it 
 
 ^ 
 
 t^^ 
 
 g 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 Oi 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 
 GO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 r 
 
 H 
 
 3 
 S 
 
 •-5 
 
 g 
 
 1 
 ^ 
 
 g 
 
 f-T 
 
 03 
 
 a) 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 1-5 
 
 >> 
 'a 
 
 1-5 
 
 m 
 3 
 ■OD 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 .a 
 
 a 
 § 
 
 Q 
 
 
Death Ebturns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 11 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1815. 
 
 Apoplexy 
 
 . 3 
 
 Infantile diseases 
 
 . . 222 
 
 Burns 
 
 2 
 
 Inflammation of brain 
 
 . . 2 
 
 Cancer 
 
 6 
 
 Influenza .... 
 
 1 
 
 Casualty 
 
 4 
 
 Insanity . . . 
 
 . . 2 
 
 Cholera-morbus . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Jaundice .... 
 
 1 
 
 Consumption . . . 
 
 190 
 
 Lethargy .... 
 
 . . 1 
 
 Cramp .... 
 
 2 
 
 Marasmus . 
 
 1 
 
 Croup ... . . 
 
 2 
 
 Measles .... 
 
 . 21 
 
 Diseases unknown . . 
 
 72 
 
 Mortification . . . 
 
 6 
 
 Dropsy 
 
 14 
 
 Murdered .... 
 
 1 
 
 Drowned 
 
 12 
 
 Neurosis . . 
 
 1 
 
 Dysentery .... 
 
 . 12 
 
 Old age .... 
 
 . 44 
 
 Dyspepsy 
 
 1 
 
 Palsy . . 
 
 . 11 
 
 Fever, bilious . . . 
 
 2 
 
 Phrenitis .... 
 
 1 
 
 " inflammatory 
 
 2 
 
 Poison . . . . 
 
 1 
 
 " malignant 
 
 4 
 
 Quinsy 
 
 . 7 
 
 " pleurisy . 
 
 2 
 
 Scales 
 
 . 3 
 
 " puerperal 
 
 4 
 
 Scrofula .... 
 
 1 
 
 " pulmonic . 
 
 67 
 
 Small-pox .... 
 
 . 4 
 
 " putrid .... 
 
 11 
 
 Spasms 
 
 2 
 
 " typhus 
 
 34 
 
 Still-born .... 
 
 . 21 
 
 Fits 
 
 17 
 
 Sudden .... 
 
 . 11 
 
 Fungus hsematodes . 
 
 1 
 
 Suicide .... 
 
 6 
 
 Gout 
 
 1 
 
 * Synancbia trancialis 
 
 . 4 
 
 Hepatisis 
 
 3 
 
 Tables 
 
 . 2 
 
 Hooping-cough . . . 
 
 2 
 
 White swelling . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Hydrocephalus 
 
 3 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 . 851 
 
 *( 
 
 ^ynanche 
 
 Trachealis. 
 
 
12 
 
 Death Eeturns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
 i-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 i^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 ,^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 ,_, 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■smoi 
 
 05 
 
 05 
 
 00 
 
 •X) 
 
 L^ 
 
 lO 
 
 
 CO 
 
 t^ 
 
 L^ 
 
 CO 
 
 Oi 
 
 o 
 
 i§ 
 
 f^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 '-' 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 1 "^ 
 
 S 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 1 ^ 
 
 i 
 
 P^ 
 
 o 
 
 ■-^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 " 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 -* 
 
 ffl 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 1 CO 
 
 s 
 
 s 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 1-i 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 — ' 
 
 <>) 
 
 1 ^ 
 
 d 
 
 00 
 
 fe 
 
 (N 
 
 lO 
 
 1-H 
 
 —1 
 
 " 
 
 <N 
 
 CO 
 
 "-I 
 
 T-H 
 
 '-' 
 
 CO 
 
 ^o 
 
 1 CO 
 1 CM 
 
 d 
 
 (M 
 
 lO 
 
 o 
 
 r^ 
 
 T_| 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 c^ 
 
 c 
 
 o 
 
 S<1 
 
 ^ 
 
 1 "-^ 
 
 t- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 r— ( 
 
 d 
 
 f^ 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 " 
 
 ^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 fN 
 
 (M 
 
 '^ 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 1 C^ 
 CO 
 
 d 
 
 (M 
 
 (M 
 
 (M 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 ^H 
 
 CT 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 '-^ 
 
 -^ 
 
 <N 
 
 1 "^ 
 
 
 
 n 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 Tj( 
 
 T-H 
 
 0^ 
 
 '^ 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 1 o 
 
 
 Ik 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 Cl 
 
 T-H 
 
 <M 
 
 'i" 
 
 CO 
 
 (?^ 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 '^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 <N 
 
 c~ 
 
 lO 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 <N 
 
 
 
 L^ 
 
 1— t 
 
 CO 
 
 <M 
 
 T-H 
 
 <N 
 
 T-H 
 
 S<1 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 Pm 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 "? 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 CO 
 
 I> 
 
 CO 
 
 to 
 
 (32 
 
 O 
 
 lO 
 
 T-H 
 
 UO 
 
 t^ 
 
 '^ 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 * 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 UO 
 
 
 
 «3 
 
 C£) 
 
 ^ 
 
 UO 
 
 CO 
 
 ■O 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 >o 
 
 ^ 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 [i< 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 lO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 03 
 
 -* 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 TdH 
 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 lO 
 
 lO 
 
 t^ 
 
 <N 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 C5 
 
 o 
 
 t- 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 o 
 
 fe 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 tH 
 
 
 
 
 I- 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 ■O 
 
 'd' 
 
 !0 
 
 ■^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 lO 
 
 >o 
 
 00 
 
 l> 
 
 -^ 
 
 ,-H 
 
 IC 
 
 lO 
 
 « 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 -* 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 lO 
 
 (M 
 
 -* 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 El4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CN 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 l-H 
 
 0^1 
 
 lO 
 
 ^H 
 
 CO 
 
 ■O 
 
 iH 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 <M 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 T— ( 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 a^i 
 
 O 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 d 
 
 F±4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 ^ 
 
 T— 1 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 g 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 , 
 
 lO 
 
 (N 
 
 <M 
 
 CO 
 
 ^^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 (N 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 03 
 
 
 u< 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 l>) 
 
 Ift 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 « 
 
 s' 
 
 Kl 
 
 CO 
 
 <o 
 
 (M 
 
 <N 
 
 T-H 
 
 '^ 
 
 O 
 
 lO 
 
 (N 
 
 T-H 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 to 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 O 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ic; 
 
 
 b 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 (N 
 
 ■* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 , 
 
 05 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 lO 
 
 '^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 c^ 
 
 02 
 
 c~ 
 
 T-H 
 
 <D ee 
 
 IK 
 
 
 1—* 
 
 i—i 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 05 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 o 
 
 'O 
 
 CO 
 
 L-~ 
 
 o 
 
 lO 
 
 '^l 
 
 c~ 
 
 -* 
 
 c^ 
 
 CO 
 
 t- 
 
 IQ 
 
 s 
 
 I-l 
 
 ^^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 05 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1—1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1— 
 
 H 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 >-5 
 
 r 
 
 p 
 
 
 
 a 
 a 
 
 1-5 
 
 
 m 
 
 n 
 
 D 
 
 a 
 
 02 
 
 53 
 
 O 
 
 -2 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 CD 
 
 a 
 s 
 
 CD 
 
 P 
 
 i 
 
Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 13 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1816. 
 
 Abscess 
 Apoplexy . 
 Burns .... 
 Cancers 
 Casualty . 
 Cholera . . 
 Consumption . 
 Cramp . 
 Croup . 
 
 Cynanche tracialis 
 Diseases unknown 
 Dropsy . 
 Drowned . 
 Dysentery . 
 Dyspepsy . 
 Elephantiasis . 
 Fever, bilious 
 
 ' ' inflammatory 
 
 ' ' malignant 
 
 " pleurisy . 
 
 " puerperal . 
 
 " pulmonic . 
 
 ' ' rheumatic 
 
 " typhus 
 
 Fits 
 
 Hsemoptysis . 
 Hemorrhagia . 
 Hepatisis . . 
 
 1 
 
 l.S 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 180 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 84 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 18 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 7 
 
 11 
 
 1 
 
 12 
 
 61 
 
 3 
 
 15 
 
 10 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 Hooping-cough 
 Hydrocephaki 
 Infantile disea 
 Insanity 
 Intoxication 
 Jaundice . 
 Marasmus . 
 Measles 
 Mortification 
 Murdered . 
 Neurosis . 
 Old age 
 Palsy . . 
 Phrenitis . 
 Polypus in the 
 Quinsy . 
 Scalds . 
 Scarlatina ang" 
 Scirrhous live 
 Still-born . 
 Sudden 
 Suicide . 
 Tetanus 
 White swelling 
 "Worms . 
 
 Total 
 
 Nose 
 
 9 
 
 12 
 
 195 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 37 
 6 
 
 13 
 2 
 1 
 
 37 
 8 
 1 
 1 
 
 16 
 2 
 1 
 1 
 
 31 
 
 21 
 4 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 
 904 
 
14 
 
 Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
 S<1 
 
 t^ 
 
 .^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 (M 
 
 O 
 
 Tf* 
 
 .^ 
 
 00 
 
 OJ 
 
 o 
 
 c~ 
 
 00 
 
 ■SIB^OI 
 
 i^ 
 
 CO 
 
 t- 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CD 
 
 CO 
 
 T— ( 
 
 OS 
 
 03 
 
 >o 
 
 -* 
 
 o 
 
 05 
 
 
 E^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 1-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 o6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 S' 
 
 1"= 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 
 b 
 
 1 ° 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 <M 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 1 CO 
 
 is 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 S 
 
 ° 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 1° 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 o 
 
 T— 1 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 r-1 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 <N 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 6 
 
 CO 
 
 (Lc 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 rt 
 
 ^ 
 
 \° 
 
 T-H 
 
 T— I 
 
 o 
 
 »— 1 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 UJ 
 
 T-H 
 
 2 
 
 d 
 6 
 
 pl^ 
 
 1° 
 
 ^ 
 
 (M 
 
 T— I 
 
 o 
 
 •-' 
 
 o 
 
 '-' 
 
 t- 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 IS 
 
 s 
 
 1^ 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 1—i 
 
 -* 
 
 tH 
 
 (M 
 
 cq 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 IM 
 
 ?^ 
 
 d 
 
 f-^ 
 
 l'^ 
 
 o 
 
 <N 
 
 CO 
 
 ■^ 
 
 lO 
 
 (M 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 O 
 
 (M 
 
 
 s 
 
 1 '^ 
 
 5<1 
 
 CO 
 
 <N 
 
 T— I 
 
 CO 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 CN 
 
 CO 
 
 <M 
 
 O 
 
 ^ 
 
 § 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 <M 
 
 f 
 
 p^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 c 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 ^ 
 
 (M 
 
 O 
 
 T-H 
 
 00 
 (M 
 
 ^ 
 
 1— ( 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 (T^ 
 
 T— 1 
 
 CO 
 
 <M 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 T-H 
 
 O 
 
 T-H 
 
 lO 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 d 
 
 o 
 
 (^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 r^ 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 t~ 
 
 •^ 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 CD 
 
 CT 
 
 lO 
 
 <>5 
 
 CO 
 
 s' 
 
 >o 
 
 CM 
 
 -* 
 
 t- 
 
 ^ 
 
 _^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 ,_, 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-t 
 
 
 
 
 
 lO 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 t^ 
 
 -* 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 1-H 
 
 CO 
 
 ? 
 
 o 
 
 b 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 lO 
 
 . 
 
 1— 1 
 
 CO 
 
 <x> 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 "* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 <M 
 
 >o 
 
 TjH 
 
 CD 
 
 w 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
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 r-^ 
 
 c^ 
 
 <M 
 
 CD 
 
 (N 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 ■ra 
 
 T-H 
 
 <M 
 
 -;H 
 
 o 
 
 p^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 00 
 
 ^ 
 
 lO 
 
 f—i 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 lO 
 
 -*l 
 
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 « 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
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 ^ 
 
 l—t 
 
 1— 1 
 
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 ijq 
 
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 1—1 
 
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 ^ 
 
 T-H 
 
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 03 
 
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 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 o 
 
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 t— 1 
 
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 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 ,_, 
 
 ^_ 
 
 d 
 
 Pm 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 « 
 
 . 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 « 
 
 T— 1 
 
 CO 
 
 1— 1 
 
 ^H 
 
 CO 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 (N 
 
 '^ 
 
 (M 
 
 UO 
 
 o 
 
 5<1 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 xH 
 
 >o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 lO 
 
 
 Pm 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (M 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
 -*l 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 <M 
 
 T-H 
 
 05 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 urs 
 
 IT^ 
 
 ,— , 
 
 ^ 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 (?^ 
 
 03 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 -* 
 
 UO 
 
 
 [li 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 ^ 
 
 «D 
 
 (N 
 
 (M 
 
 <M 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 r- 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 T-H 
 
 (M 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 t- 
 
 . 
 
 , 
 
 t~ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 (N 
 
 '^ 
 
 l>- 
 
 o> 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 O 
 
 Sis 
 
 b 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 r-i 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 ■a" 
 at*) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 '^H 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 C^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 S 
 
 
 1—t 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 c^ 
 
 i> 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 X 
 
 
 03 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 
 < 
 
 
 
 1-5 
 
 •4^ 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 s 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 3 
 
 S 
 > 
 
 o 
 
 s 
 a 
 
 
Death Returns feom 1810 to 1850. 
 
 15 
 
 Diseases and Causes op Death in Boston in 181' 
 
 Abscess . . . . 
 Angina pectoris . 
 Apoplexy . 
 Cancer . . . . 
 
 Casualty 
 
 Cholera-infantuin 
 " morbus . 
 Consumption . 
 Convulsions . 
 Cramp .... 
 Croup . . . 
 Cynanche tracialis . 
 Diseases unknown . 
 
 Dropsy 
 
 Drowned . . . . 
 Dysentery . . . . 
 Dyspepsy . . . 
 Fever, bilious 
 
 " inflammatory 
 
 " pleurisy . 
 
 " puerperal . . 
 
 " pulmonic . 
 
 " rheumatic 
 
 3 
 2 
 
 17 
 
 11 
 
 7 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 231 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 11 
 
 1 
 
 33 
 
 36 
 
 13 
 
 23 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 47 
 
 7 
 
 Fever, typhus 
 Fits .... 
 Hanged 
 Hemorrhage . 
 Hooping-cough 
 Infantile diseases 
 Intoxication 
 Jaundice . 
 Mortification 
 Old age 
 Palsy . . 
 Phrenitis . 
 Quinsy . . 
 Rickets 
 Scalds . 
 Spasms . 
 Still-born . 
 Stone or gravel 
 Sudden . 
 Suicide . . 
 Tetanus 
 
 Total 
 
 57 
 35 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 19 
 
 157 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 9 
 50 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 3 ■ 
 33 
 
 3 
 13 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 908 
 
15 
 
 Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 
 l-H 
 
 Oa 
 
 -C 
 
 CO 
 
 10 
 
 I-- 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 Oi 
 
 CD 
 
 rH 
 
 
 L-~- 
 
 '-£> 
 
 0:1 
 
 L^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 00 
 
 t^ 
 
 i^ 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 L-- 
 
 l^ 
 
 ■SIBIOI 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 (J> 
 
 ii 
 
 fe 
 
 ^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 <M 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 ■^ 
 
 
 
 r— I 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (M 
 
 6 
 
 CO 
 
 fe 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 — ' 
 
 c^ 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 T-H 
 
 s 
 
 "^ 
 
 
 
 " 
 
 
 
 (M 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 (M 
 
 ■M 
 
 
 
 Gi 
 
 d 
 
 QO 
 
 6 
 
 fe 
 
 '^ 
 
 <M 
 
 
 
 l-H 
 
 -* 
 
 <?^ 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 s' 
 
 CO 
 
 ^H 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 10 
 
 d 
 
 i 
 
 (^ 
 
 T— 1 
 
 (M 
 
 <M 
 
 -* 
 
 ^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 <M 
 
 ^ 
 
 10 
 
 ""cO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 (T^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 -N 
 
 ^ 
 
 (M 
 
 (T^ 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 T)< 
 
 (M 
 
 Tj< 
 
 -* 
 
 ^H 
 
 >o 
 
 (N 
 
 C^l 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 -* 
 
 C-) 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 p^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 02 
 
 tH 
 
 10 
 
 CO 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 uO 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 <M 
 
 rH 
 
 «o 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 lO 
 
 
 
 CD 
 
 '^ 
 
 CO 
 
 10 
 
 i-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 10 
 
 CO 
 
 <M 
 
 10 
 
 >o 
 
 CO 
 
 0:1 
 
 d 
 
 Pm 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 10 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 c- 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 10 
 
 -* 
 
 >o 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CD 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 l^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 CD 
 
 ira 
 
 CO 
 
 -^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 S<1 
 
 »o 
 
 CD 
 
 o 
 
 [K 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 UO 
 
 ¥ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 l^ 
 
 CO 
 
 >o 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 iQ 
 
 CO 
 
 tr~ 
 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 ,_, 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 >o 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 t- 
 
 -* 
 
 CD 
 
 l> 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 « 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 UO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CT 
 
 l-H 
 
 -* 
 
 <M 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 co 
 
 
 
 t~ 
 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 d 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 ^H 
 
 ^H 
 
 T-i 
 
 -* 
 
 tn 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 i-H 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 s^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 S<1 
 
 <M 
 
 (M 
 
 rH 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 rH 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 d 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 »o 
 
 , 
 
 r-t 
 
 T— 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 (M 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 00 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 <M 
 
 I— 1 
 
 <M 
 
 (N 
 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 
 (M 
 
 -* 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ->! 
 
 
 p^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 !M 
 
 19 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 rM 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 C-l 
 
 (T^ 
 
 UO 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 C^l 
 
 CO 
 
 uO 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 01 
 
 ^ 
 
 CD 
 
 '^l 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 ■* 
 
 (5^ 
 
 L-^ 
 
 ■^ 
 
 uO 
 
 CO 
 
 CJ5 
 
 
 tM 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 CQ 
 
 i-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 fM 
 
 CO 
 
 10 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 (T^ 
 
 Oi 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 03 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 TJH 
 
 
 
 Th 
 
 00 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 >o 
 
 CO 
 
 10 
 
 CJ3 
 
 t- 
 
 00 
 
 ^ 
 
 CJl 
 
 05 
 
 5? is 
 
 l^ 
 
 
 
 I— ( 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 ^ 
 
 <x> 
 
 lO 
 
 00 
 
 CD 
 
 uO 
 
 c- 
 
 00 
 
 CD 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 !>• 
 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 I— < 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 l-H 
 
 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 QO 
 1-H 
 
 
 t>J 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 S 
 
 
 0) 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 P^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 r^ 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 03 
 
 a 
 
 OS 
 3 
 
 
 
 oj 
 
 <1 
 
 ^ 
 S 
 
 a 
 3 
 
 1-5 
 
 
 3 
 < 
 
 a) 
 
 OJ 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 
Deaiii Kf.tuiins from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 17 
 
 Diseases and Cacsks of Death in Boston in 181S. 
 
 Abscess 
 
 Accidental 
 
 Aneurism . 
 
 Angina pectoris 
 
 Apoplexy . . 
 
 Burns . 
 
 Cancer . 
 
 Casualty . 
 
 Cholera 
 
 Consumption . 
 
 Cramp .... 
 
 Croup .... 
 
 Cynanche maligne 
 
 Debility ... 
 
 Diseases unknown 
 
 Drinking cold water 
 
 Dropsy . 
 
 Drowned . 
 
 Drunkenness 
 
 Dysentery . 
 
 Dyspepsy . 
 
 Dysury . 
 
 Fever, bilious 
 
 " inflammatory 
 " intermittent 
 ' ' nervous 
 ' ' puerperal 
 " pulmonic 
 " putrid . 
 
 ;) 
 1 
 1 
 
 T) 
 9 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 10 
 
 .3 
 
 138 
 1 
 5 
 1 
 2 
 
 237 
 2 
 
 23 
 12 
 
 1 
 4 
 12 
 1 
 7 
 5 
 1 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 3f) 
 
 1 
 
 Fever, typhus 
 
 Fits 
 
 Gout . . 
 Gravel . . . . 
 
 Hemorrliagia . 
 Hepatitis .... 
 
 Hernia 
 
 Hoopiug-coiigh . 
 
 Hydrocephalus . . 
 
 Infantile diseases 
 
 Inflammation of brain 
 
 Intemperance 
 
 Measles 
 
 Mortification 
 
 Old age 
 
 Palsy 
 
 Phrenitis . 
 
 Pleurisy 
 
 Quinsy . 
 
 Rickets . 
 
 Scalds . 
 
 Scrofula 
 
 Spasms 
 
 Still-born . 
 
 Sudden 
 
 Suicide . 
 
 Ulcers . 
 
 Total 
 
 112 
 24 
 1 
 1 
 4 
 5 
 1 
 1 
 4 
 
 15(i 
 1 
 2 
 1 
 4 
 32 
 6 
 1 
 
 2 
 4 
 4(j 
 12 
 4 
 1 
 
 971 
 
IS 
 
 Death Retukns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
 i-~ 
 
 (N 
 
 iC 
 
 C 
 
 to 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 'i' 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 X 
 
 CO 
 
 — 
 
 •amoi 
 
 lO 
 
 ira 
 
 lO 
 
 O 
 
 'Q 
 
 CO 
 
 O 
 
 C5 
 
 
 cc. 
 
 w 
 
 CO 
 
 cc 
 1.' 
 
 oo 
 
 b 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 »y 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 — 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 c 
 
 i 
 i 
 
 p« 
 
 ^H 
 
 OT 
 
 o 
 
 — 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 — 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 d 
 
 00 
 
 b 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 tH 
 
 o 
 
 '^^' 
 
 o 
 
 I— I 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CM 
 
 C^ 
 
 IS 
 
 S 
 
 1° 
 
 O 
 
 — 
 
 '- 
 
 -^ 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 -1- 
 
 CM 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 |C0, 
 
 d 
 
 t;- 
 
 b 
 
 1 '^ 
 
 — 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 ^1 
 
 CO 
 
 <M 
 
 CO 
 
 iCl 
 
 ^' 
 
 — 
 
 T-H 
 
 i £; 
 
 S 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 O 
 
 <M 
 
 <M 
 
 1 '^- 
 
 a> 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 \ r-< 
 
 
 . 
 
 m 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 r^ 
 
 ^« 
 
 o 
 
 ^H 
 
 ^ 
 
 ,_ 
 
 L- 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 1 C2 
 
 o 
 
 [X. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 (M 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 iM 
 
 t>) 
 
 -M 
 
 ._ 
 
 CM 
 
 ,^ 
 
 -* 
 
 CM 
 
 (M 
 
 -M 
 
 Ol 
 
 1 CO 
 
 ia 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 ^' 
 
 
 
 rt 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 _ 
 
 (M 
 
 'M 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 -T 
 
 lO 
 
 •M 
 
 ^1 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 tM 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 '^' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -+ 
 
 
 
 -^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 '^ 
 
 'M 
 
 'i- 
 
 O 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO' 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 1 ^ 
 
 "* 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 ^ 
 
 
 
 ^r 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 .-^ 
 
 OT 
 
 'M 
 
 o 
 
 iC' 
 
 ,,— 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 -^ 
 
 
 (X4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 >1< 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 , 
 
 lO 
 
 (M 
 
 lO 
 
 1-- 
 
 5^1 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 l^ 
 
 l^ 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 X 
 
 CO 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 iC 
 
 . 
 
 -rp 
 
 '^ 
 
 "^ 
 
 'M 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 L^ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 CO' 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ ! 
 
 o 
 
 c^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ i 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 , 
 
 -^ 
 
 *>! 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 r— 
 
 'C 
 
 -^ 
 
 X 
 
 ■o 
 
 -* 
 
 ^ 
 
 1-- 
 
 « 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 ,_, 
 
 ._ 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 ^- 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^^ 
 
 I— ( 
 
 CO , 
 
 d 
 
 (^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 C^ 1 
 
 "f 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 - - 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T— 1 
 
 CM 
 
 ^^ 
 
 -+ 
 
 (M 
 
 ,— 1 
 
 -* 
 
 ^« 
 
 
 I-t 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 G^ 
 
 
 
 T— 1 
 
 (N 
 
 T— I 
 
 (M 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 'M 
 
 o 
 
 ■=r 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^_ 
 
 o 
 
 tN 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -M 
 
 iH 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 O 
 
 ^H 
 
 (N 
 
 rH 
 
 (N 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 — 
 
 ,— . 
 
 ^M 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 L^ i 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 I— ' 
 
 
 , 
 
 r^ 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 (N 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 'M 
 
 CM 
 
 ^ 1 
 
 
 b 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 A 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 (N 
 
 ,-H 
 
 <M 
 
 ,— 1 
 
 T— 1 
 
 'M 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 -o 
 
 CO 
 
 '- 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (M 
 
 
 . 
 
 1— 1 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 ^H 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 ^H 
 
 t^ 
 
 c^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 l^ 
 
 c^ 
 
 o ! 
 
 
 U< 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 T— I 
 
 -^ 
 
 (M 
 
 '^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 l^ 
 
 00 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 (M 
 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T— 1 
 
 
 
 
 "^ 
 
 ss 
 
 Ui 
 
 -* 
 
 to 
 
 CO 
 
 "^ 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 '^ 
 
 CO 
 
 c~ 
 
 CO 
 
 -i< 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 15 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 <io 
 
 ■o 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 t~ 
 
 CO 
 
 ri 
 
 CO 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1— ( 
 
 
 
 
 t~ 
 
 • 
 
 0* 
 
 : 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 
 : 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 
 rH 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 . 
 
 . 
 
 . 
 
 , 
 
 
 GO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 l-H 
 
 5>> 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 Ci 
 
 73 
 
 >> 
 
 
 Oi 
 
 +3 
 
 m 
 
 Si) 
 
 
 o 
 
 g 
 
 o 
 
 5^ 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 C3 
 
 h^ 
 
 
 <^ 
 
 g 
 
 ^^ 
 
 h-J 
 
 <I 
 
 «3 
 
 O 
 
 p 
 
 i 
 
Dkatii Returns prom 1810 to 1850. 
 
 11) 
 
 Diseases and Causks of Death in 1'>oston in 1819. 
 
 Apoplexy . . 
 
 Burns . 
 
 Cancers . . 
 
 Casualty . 
 
 Cholera morbus 
 " infantum 
 
 Consumption . 
 
 Croup . 
 
 Cynanche traciali 
 
 Debility . . 
 
 Diarrhcea . 
 
 Diseases of heart 
 " unknown 
 
 Drinking cold water 
 
 Dropsy . . . 
 
 Drowned . 
 
 Dysentery . 
 
 Dyspepsy . 
 
 Fever, bilious 
 " malignant 
 ' ' nervous 
 ' ' pleurisy 
 " puerperal 
 ' ' pulmonic 
 " rheumatic 
 ' ' scarlatina 
 " typhus . 
 " worm 
 " yellow . 
 
 6 Kit=i . . 
 3 Hei)atitis . 
 3 Hemoi'rhagia . 
 8 Herniii . 
 
 1 1 Hooping-cough . 
 
 7 Hydrocephalus . 
 174 Infantile diseases 
 
 '.) Influenza . 
 
 8 Insanity 
 '.I Intemperance . 
 
 1 Jaundice 
 
 3 Killed in a duel . 
 192 Old age 
 
 2 Phthisis 
 23 Poison . 
 13 Quinsy . 
 
 1 2 Rickets 
 
 2 Scarlatina anginosa 
 10 Scorbutic . . 
 
 32 Spasms 
 
 4 Still-born . . 
 
 3 Sudden .... 
 2 Suffocation 
 
 4() : Suicide . . . 
 
 6 1 Teething . 
 2 1 Tetanus 
 
 108 j 
 
 7 I Total 
 
 1.5 
 6 
 
 23 
 
 147 
 
 2 
 
 11 
 1 
 1 
 
 21) 
 I 
 
 1 
 4 
 1 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 .'t 
 
 89 
 
 Not given.* 
 
 *The items add 1,0S4, which is cxiihiiiieJ in the printed report as follows ■ 
 
 Tabulated . . . . .789 
 
 Buried from the .\lm(>hou8e ami Town poor, ages and diseases unlinown 192 
 Still-born . . . 89 
 
 1,070 
 
20 
 
 Dkatu Ketokns F]!0m 1810 TO 1850. 
 
 
 
 S^) 
 
 '^l 
 
 !>• 
 
 O 
 
 r-t 
 
 w 
 
 cn 
 
 [~ 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 Oi 
 
 l^ 
 
 1 ■ ~ 
 
 ■SIBJOX 
 
 -^ 
 
 CD 
 
 03 
 
 
 L^ 
 
 L^ 
 
 L^ 
 
 o 
 
 CI 
 
 CM 
 
 
 C3 
 
 1 o 
 
 ' d r,: 
 
 CO 
 
 <^^ 
 
 (M 
 
 (M 
 
 -^ 
 
 ■O 
 
 CO 
 
 'M 
 
 ^^ 
 
 X 
 
 o 
 
 IQ 
 
 1 "^i 
 
 M 
 
 ' ' 
 
 
 
 .— • 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^- 
 
 
 
 
 1 CO 
 
 
 S 
 
 CO 
 
 1 "^ 
 
 
 
 •^ 
 ^L^ " 
 
 CO 
 
 .— ( 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 l^ 
 
 CO 
 
 UO 
 
 X 
 
 l- 
 
 lg_ 
 
 •ujog 
 
 •o 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 05 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 -mis 
 
 1 
 
 1 ^^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o" 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 '—' 
 
 
 — ,i^ 
 
 X 
 
 1 ^ 
 
 --^ 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 - 
 
 ~ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 1 '= 
 
 o 
 
 (^ 
 
 1 rM 
 
 CO 
 
 — . 
 
 o 
 
 f>a 
 
 S^l 
 
 rt 
 
 -TM 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 — 
 
 1 '- 
 
 05 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 i 
 
 d 
 
 1 "^ 
 
 o 
 
 " 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 — 
 
 o 
 
 — 
 
 " 
 
 1 "' 
 
 00 
 
 fLt 
 
 1 TO 
 
 -T 
 
 o 
 
 ■^ 
 
 •M 
 
 o 
 
 — 
 
 -^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 1 ?. 
 
 g 
 
 S 
 
 1" 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 5^1 
 
 ^7~ 
 
 -'^- 
 
 o 
 
 -^ 
 
 "-^ 
 
 — 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 oT 
 
 1 z_ 
 
 o ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 0"! 
 
 fM 
 
 -* 
 
 CM 
 
 S S 
 
 1 ^ 
 
 '—' 
 
 (^^ 
 
 '— ' 
 
 OJ 
 
 <N 
 
 CO 
 
 ~ 
 
 CM 
 
 ■-; 
 
 CO' 
 T4 
 
 C^l 
 
 1 ^ 
 1 ^1 
 
 o 
 
 to 
 
 th 
 
 1 ° 
 
 •-^ 
 
 -!Ti 
 
 " 
 
 lO 
 
 o 
 
 " 
 
 CM 
 
 S 
 
 |CO 
 
 CO 
 
 '^^ 
 
 ,-:* 
 
 -* 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^r 
 
 CO 
 
 C^l 
 
 ^ 
 
 1? 
 
 o 
 
 b 
 
 1 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 •n 
 
 <M 
 
 rM 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^cT 
 
 CO 
 
 X 
 
 Ol 
 
 CO 
 
 1 s 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 -ai 
 
 oc 
 
 lO 
 
 i-H 
 
 C-4 
 
 oc 
 
 1 X 
 
 1 lO 
 
 § l>^' 
 
 1 CO 
 
 -^ 
 
 i^ 
 
 CO 
 
 3M 
 
 CO 
 
 iQ 
 
 -t 
 
 C^l 
 
 -cr 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 i s 
 
 1 ^^ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 'O 
 
 -* 
 
 »^ 
 
 ■^ 
 
 t~ 
 
 
 lO 
 
 y:^ 
 
 ■o 
 
 CM 
 
 1 ■* 
 1 ire 
 
 2 1 bn" 
 
 ] o 
 
 -* 
 
 'O 
 
 CO 
 
 *o 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 i!s 
 
 1 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 7^ 
 
 ,~ 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 X 
 
 X 
 
 X 
 
 . -— 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' ,.— 
 
 'M 
 
 
 C^l 
 
 l^ 
 
 CM 
 
 — r 
 
 1 o 
 
 
 
 (M 
 
 .— , 
 
 ^ 
 
 lO 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 Um 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 1 
 
 « 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 .-^ 
 
 <M 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 .—, 
 
 ^^ 
 
 lO 
 
 ^H 
 
 C^l 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 c^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 "— ' 
 
 
 
 1 •— < 
 
 o 
 
 ._, 
 
 (>) 
 
 o 
 
 O^ 
 
 CM 
 
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Death Ketuens from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 21 
 
 DiSKASus AND Causes of Disath in Boston im 1820. 
 
 Abscess 
 Accidental . . 
 Apoplexy . . 
 Bilious colic . 
 Burns . 
 Calculus . 
 Cancer . 
 Canceratecl uterus 
 Casualty . 
 Cliiilera infantum 
 
 morbus 
 Consumption . 
 Cramp 
 Ci'inip . 
 
 Debility . . . 
 I)iarrha3a . 
 Disease of heart 
 Disease unknown 
 Distorted spine . 
 Drinking cold water 
 Dropsy 
 Drowned . 
 Dysentery 
 Dyspepsia . 
 Enteritis . 
 Fever . 
 
 " bilious . 
 
 •' inflammatory 
 
 " intermittent 
 
 " nervous 
 
 " pneumonia 
 
 " puerperal 
 
 '■ putrid . 
 
 " rheumatic 
 
 " scarlet . 
 
 ' ' spotted 
 
 " typhus . 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 10 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 8 
 
 6 
 
 220 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 7 
 
 187 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 14 
 
 9 
 
 14 
 
 11 
 
 n 
 
 3 
 
 V) 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 26 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 43 
 
 Fits 
 
 Fracture ... 
 
 Gout 
 
 * Haimeptua [ ?] . 
 Hanging .... 
 Hemorrhagia . . . . 
 Hepatitis .... 
 
 Hernia 
 
 Infantile diseases 
 Inflammation of brain 
 
 Influenza 
 
 Insanity . . . . , 
 Intemperance ... 
 
 .Jaundice 
 
 Mortification ... 
 Murdered 
 
 Old age . . . , 
 Paralysis . . . , 
 Pleurisy . . . , 
 Poison ... 
 
 Quinsy 
 
 Rickets . . . , 
 
 Scald 
 
 Scrofula . . . , 
 Siphilis . . 
 Spasms . . . . 
 Still-born . . . . 
 Strangled . . . . 
 Strangulated hernia 
 Sudden . . . . 
 Suicide . . . . 
 Teething . . . . 
 Throat distemper 
 Whooping-cough 
 Worms 
 
 10 
 
 1 
 4 
 1 
 
 4 
 4 
 6 
 2 
 163 
 7 
 2 
 2 
 
 31 
 1 
 7 
 2 
 
 39 
 
 16 
 2 
 3 
 6 
 1 
 2 
 7 
 4 
 1 
 
 89 
 1 
 1 
 9 
 
 S 
 3 
 1 
 
 24 
 3 
 
 Total 
 
 1,103 
 
 *In printed report, Hemoptieis 
 
22 
 
 Death Eeturns fuom 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
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 c* 
 
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 50-60. 6 
 
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 o 
 
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 32 
 
 •-C 
 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 f-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 02 
 
 C"^ 
 
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 (M 
 
 ^ 1 
 
 
 s 
 
 o' 
 
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 ^co~ 
 
 o^" 
 
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 o 
 
 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 S5S 
 
 ta 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dkath Eetukns from 1810 to 18.50. 
 
 2,3 
 
 DiSKASKS ANIl CaL'SES OF DeATH IN HoSTON IN 1821. 
 
 Abscess . . . 
 Accidental 
 Angina pectoris . 
 Apoplexy . 
 Asthma 
 
 Burns .... 
 Cancer .... 
 Ciinceraterl uterus 
 Casualty . 
 Cholera infantum 
 
 " morbus . 
 Chronic diarrhoea 
 Consumption . 
 Croup .... 
 (^ynanche tracialis 
 Deliility . . . 
 Delirium tremens 
 Disease of the heart 
 Diseased scapula 
 Diseases unknown 
 Dropsy . . . 
 Drowned 
 Drunkenness . 
 Dysentery . 
 Dyspepsia . . 
 Enteritis . 
 Epilepsy . . 
 Fever . 
 
 bilious . 
 
 " inflammatory 
 nervous 
 
 •' puerperal . 
 
 '• pulmonic 
 rheumatic . 
 
 " scarlatina . 
 
 '• typhus . . 
 
 Fits 
 
 2 
 1 
 1 
 7 
 1 
 
 13 
 3 
 1 
 
 17 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 
 9 
 
 192 
 
 11 
 3 
 8 
 5 
 4 
 1 
 248 
 
 32 
 
 19 
 1 
 
 62 
 3 
 
 10 
 1 
 8 
 
 10 
 2 
 1 
 7 
 
 31 
 6 
 1 
 
 42 
 
 19 
 
 Gravel 
 
 Hemorrhagia . . . . 
 Hooping-cough . 
 Hydrocephalus internus 
 Hydrothorax . . . . 
 Infantile diseases ; 
 
 Insanity 
 
 Intemperance . . . . 
 
 Jaundice 
 
 Lumbar abscess . 
 
 Marasmus 
 
 Measles 
 
 Mortification . . . . 
 Murdered 
 
 Old age 
 
 Paralysis 
 
 Phthisis 
 
 Quinsy 
 
 Scald 
 
 Scirrhous liver 
 Scrophula ... 
 
 Spasms 
 
 Spina-bifida . . . . 
 
 Spleen 
 
 Still-born 
 
 Sudden 
 
 Suffocation . . . . 
 
 Suicide 
 
 Syiiliilis 
 
 Tuberculated phthisis . 
 Ulcerated stricture of 
 
 testine 
 
 Uterus 
 
 White swelling . 
 
 Total 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 . 26 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 . 153 
 
 . 4 
 
 . 30 
 
 . 3 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 . 149 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 . 31 
 
 . 22 
 
 . 1.5 
 
 .5 
 
 1 
 
 .5 
 
 5 
 
 . 3 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 . 116 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 . 2 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1- 
 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 
 1,420 
 
24 
 
 Death Eeturns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 ■SIB^OX 
 
 -ims 
 
 oo 
 
 o 
 
 
 L^ 
 
 l^ 
 
 O 
 
 00 
 
 O 
 
 
 o 
 
 TO 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 O 
 
 TO 
 
 r-H 
 
 00 
 
 l^ 
 
 Oi 
 
 CD 
 
 L^ ^ ~ 
 
 
 
 o o 
 
 o 
 
 — " ^^ TO T.^ 
 
 O " o 
 G^ TO O 
 
 TO .-H c- TO — 
 
 ^ - I I- 
 
 
 'M — ^ 
 
 
 t— ,-H ^ ■>! 
 
 s s 
 
 
 !=^ S 
 
 CO TO SO -!l1 
 
 TO C^I O 
 
 i-^ CM ^ TO r-H 
 
 o .— — 
 
 ^^ TO TO --< C<1 ^H 
 
 — O — o =:■ 
 
 r^ m CC' 
 
 TO CO O^ CO 
 
 
 6 
 
 fe 
 d"" 
 
 ' TO 
 
 
 o 
 
 <M 
 
 o 
 
 -^ 
 
 ira 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
 L^ 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 15 
 
 5 
 
 -* 
 
 o 
 
 OS 
 
 l^ 
 
 TO 
 
 =-= 
 
 ^ 
 
 cn 
 
 t^ 
 
 -^ 
 
 IS 
 
 d 
 
 t^ 
 
 CD 
 
 TO 
 
 - 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 -cH 
 
 — ' 
 
 -* 
 
 IS 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 ■ O 
 
 oo 
 
 ^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 L^ 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 -' 
 
 TO 
 
 IS 
 
 CO I TO 
 I CO 
 
 CO I c^ 
 I (M 
 
 I 
 
 .— csi (>a O] TO CM 'ct^ TOITO 
 
 I (M 
 
 I 
 
 ^CM^'M'^TO'>1TO|~. 
 
 I '" 
 
 O-— "T— (iCTO)(MOTO'N 
 
 -* OO CO ira 
 
 
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 a 
 
 
 1^ 1-5 
 
 
 O 
 
 S 
 
 o 
 
 2; 
 
 JO 
 
 a 
 
Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 25 
 
 Di.snASK^i AND Causes of J 
 
 Abscess 
 
 
 
 Accidental 
 
 ... -2 
 
 Apoplexy . . 
 Asthma 
 
 6 
 2 
 
 Burns . . . 
 
 . . . . 1 
 
 Cancer . 
 
 ... 8 
 
 Casualty . 
 Cholera morbus 
 
 . , . 1.") 
 . . 5 
 
 Clioliu, bilious 
 
 . . 3 
 
 CoiisunipliiHi . 
 
 !6(i 
 
 Cramp . 
 Croup . 
 
 2 
 
 . to 
 
 CyuMMc-lie tr;ic-liil 
 
 .1 
 
 Dcbiliiy 
 
 . . i 
 
 UiarrhoBa . 
 
 . . . '.) 
 
 Disease of heart 
 
 . . . . 3 
 
 D scasc unl<now i 
 
 . . 218 
 
 Dropsy 
 
 ... 43 
 
 Drowned . 
 
 . 21 
 
 Dysentery . 
 
 31 
 
 Epilepsy . 
 l^'its . 
 
 . . . . 2 
 
 8 
 
 Fever, bilious 
 
 . ... 10 
 
 " inflamniatorv . . 6 
 
 " lung . 
 
 . . . 41 
 
 " nervous 
 
 .4 
 
 pleurisy 
 " puerperal 
 " putrid . 
 " rlieunialic 
 
 5 
 9 
 1 
 
 " typhus 
 " vellow . 
 
 . ... 24 
 . . . . 1 
 
 Gout . . 
 
 . . . . 1 
 
 Gravel . . . 
 
 . . . . 3 
 
 Hanging .... .2 
 
 Hemorrhagia 2 
 
 Hooping-cough .... 5 
 
 Hydrocephalus .... 1 
 
 * Flystertis [?]•■•• 1 
 
 Infantile diseases . . . 244 
 
 InHiimmation of bowels . 5 
 
 " " braiu . . 17 
 
 Insanity 2 
 
 Intemperance . . . 25 
 
 Jaundice 7 
 
 Leprosy 1 
 
 Marasmus 1 
 
 Measles ... . 3 
 
 Mortification 8 
 
 Murdered 4 
 
 Old age 36 
 
 Palsy 10 
 
 Quinsy 7 
 
 Scalds 3 
 
 Scirrhus 4 
 
 Scrofula 2 
 
 Spasms ... ... 1 
 
 Still- horn 115 
 
 Strangulated hernia ... 1 
 
 Sudden 'J 
 
 Suffocated ... .2 
 
 Suicide 5 
 
 Syphilis 2 
 
 Tetanus 1 
 
 White swelling .... 1 
 
 Worms 4 
 
 Total 
 
 . . 1,203 
 
 * tn printed report, Hysteria. 
 
■H) 
 
 Death Returns fiiom 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
 L 
 
 ^ 
 
 OO 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 l^ 
 
 'O 
 
 UO 
 
 CO 
 
 fM 
 
 ^ 
 
 'j^ 
 
 •SfBlOI 
 
 G5 
 
 L^ 
 
 OJ 
 
 GO 
 
 CI 
 
 L-^ 
 
 CO 
 
 a. 
 
 CO 
 1— 1 
 
 1—1 
 
 O 
 
 00 
 
 ic:j 
 
 T-H 
 
 a 
 
 b) 
 S 
 
 L^ 
 
 1—1 
 
 ^ 
 
 T 
 
 fM 
 
 X 
 
 ^ 
 
 Oi 
 
 CO 
 
 i~ 
 
 ^r~ 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 05 
 
 •* 
 
 lO 
 
 -O 
 
 ■n- 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 'tf 
 
 (N 
 
 L>- 
 
 CO 
 
 P 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 •nioa 
 
 -ira 
 
 S 
 
 '" 
 
 c 
 
 CO 
 
 .o 
 
 cc 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 Oi 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 03 
 
 O 
 
 T-H 
 
 C2 
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 ^H 
 
 
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 o 
 
 o 
 
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 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
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 o 
 
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 s 1 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
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 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
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 — 
 
 rt 
 
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 o 
 
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 o 
 
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 d 
 
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 -- 
 
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 d 
 
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 >1 
 
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 m 
 
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 — 
 
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 s r 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 r>l 
 
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 M 
 
 -T 
 
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 ■>\ C5 
 
 10-20 
 
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 ^ 
 
 
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 Q 
 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 
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 ci 
 
 1^ 
 
 a 
 
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 3 
 
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 3 
 
 
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 g 
 S 
 o 
 
 Q 
 
 
Death Returns fkom 1810 to 1850. 
 
 27 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1823. 
 
 Abscess . . 
 Accidental 
 Aneurism . 
 Augiua pectoris 
 Apoplexy . . 
 Asthma 
 Atrophy . . 
 Burns . . . 
 Cancer . . . 
 Carbuncle 
 Casualty . . 
 Cholera infantum 
 
 " morbus 
 Colic, bilious . 
 Consumption . 
 Croup . 
 
 Cynanche traohialis 
 Debility . . . 
 Delirium tremens 
 DiarrhcEa . 
 Disease of heart 
 Disease unknown 
 Dropsy .... 
 Drowned 
 Dysentery . 
 Dyspepsia . . . 
 Effusion of brain 
 Epilepsy . . 
 Fever, inflammatory 
 
 " intermittent 
 
 " nervous 
 
 ' ' pleurisy . 
 puerperal 
 pulmonic 
 
 " rheumatic 
 
 ' • typhus 
 
 ' ' yellow 
 Fits 
 
 4 
 
 Fractures 
 
 2 
 
 16 
 
 Gout 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 Gravel 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 Hernia, strangled . . . 
 
 2 
 
 11 
 
 Hydrocephalus .... 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 Hydrothorax .... 
 
 5 
 
 1 
 
 Infiintile diseases 
 
 184 
 
 ■2 
 
 Inflammation of the bowels, 
 
 15 
 
 3 
 
 " " brain, 
 
 16 
 
 1 
 
 Intemperance .... 
 
 10 
 
 4 
 
 Jaundice 
 
 3 
 
 13 
 
 Marasmus 
 
 7 
 
 2 
 
 Mortification 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 Old age 
 
 39 
 
 183 
 
 Organic disease of the 
 
 
 13 
 
 brain 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 Palsy . . 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 Phthisis 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 Quinsy 
 
 .5 
 
 12 
 
 Rheumatism .... 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 Scald 
 
 1 
 
 212 
 
 Scirrhous liver . 
 
 6 
 
 18 
 
 Scrofula . .... 
 
 4 
 
 16 
 
 Spasms 
 
 3 
 
 26 
 
 Sphacelus .... 
 
 1 
 
 o 
 
 Still-born 
 
 109 
 
 2 
 
 Stricture urethra 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 Sudden 
 
 5 
 
 12 
 
 Suicide 
 
 
 1 
 
 Syphilis 
 
 
 3 
 
 Teething 
 
 
 4 
 
 White swelling .... 
 
 
 
 
 Whooping-cough 
 
 17 
 
 38 
 
 Worms 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 ■>■-, 
 
 Wounds 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 Total 1 
 
 154 
 
 19 
 
 
 
28 
 
 Death Retouns from DSIO to 1850. 
 
 
 -+ 
 
 ^H 
 
 OS 
 
 ■SIBJOX 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 S ^ 
 
 "o 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 
 -Tt^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 t3 S 
 
 
 
 
 ■ujoa 
 
 '35 
 
 L^ 
 
 L^ 
 
 -iins 
 
 
 
 
 1 - Cju 
 
 ■=2 - - 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 "'-'s 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 i-H 
 
 05 
 
 r-H 
 
 ^H 
 
 C>4 
 
 O 1 » 
 
 00 S 
 
 i-H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 § |f^ 
 
 (N 
 
 T-H 
 
 •M 
 
 S 'S 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 tM 
 
 g l(^' 
 
 ■ O 
 
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 -* 
 
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 ,-H 
 
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 CO 
 
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 ., 
 
 CC 
 
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 CO 
 
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 ^- 
 
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 •X) 
 
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 -T^ 
 
 
 
 
 
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 'M 
 
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 ■M 
 
 CO 
 
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 - ;S 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 -rl 05 I 
 
 X' 
 
 CO 
 
 O :0 CM 
 
 ^ -^ OJ 
 
 CO ^ -N 
 
 X w 
 
 "cO ^ CO 
 
 o o 
 
 'To ' crT" 
 
 ^ lO ^ lO X 
 
 ^ f» »(0 CO 1-H 
 
 L^ 
 
 .» i-H 
 
 o 
 " o 
 
 o o ^ 
 
 CO Ol f>J 
 
 lO o 
 "co "io" 
 
 05 
 CO 
 
 O .-I ^ 
 
 T-^ -sti ^H 
 
 CO 1-H 
 
 ^N 
 
 ■>i CO" 
 
 CO 00 Ol 
 
 C^l 'O CO 
 
 O' CO 
 
 X 
 
 Hi ^ 
 
 ■"• I 3 
 
 CO 'M 
 
 -.o" CO 
 
 ;0 "M 
 
 '^ of 
 
 -O CO 
 
 CM --Z 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 ■ CO 
 
 05 !TM O I 
 
 O CO r-l I 
 
 CO CM o :o 
 
 <M ^CO" S " rt" 
 
 I -^ 
 
 :M CO i-H 1— ( :o 
 o ^ 1^ urT' o 
 
 1—1 CO CO. <0 
 
 L^ 
 
 -^ ^l -M 
 
 CO cc I 
 
 L 
 
 X) ^ I 
 
 CO 
 
 X 
 
 CO 05 L^ 
 
 o 
 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 
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 1-5 
 
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 nQ 
 
 
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 o 
 
 <i 
 
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 O 
 
 ^ 
 
DicATH RktuKx\s from 1810 TO 1850. 
 
 inj 
 
 DiSEAsics AND Causes 
 
 Death in Boston in 1.s2'1. 
 
 sases 
 
 Aliscess 
 Accidental 
 Apoplexy . . 
 Asthma 
 Atrophy 
 Bilious colic . 
 Bleeding at lungs 
 Burns .... 
 Cancerous humor 
 (.'anlier .... 
 Canlter in bowels 
 Carbuncle . 
 Chicken-pox . 
 Cholera morbus . 
 Cholera infantum 
 Complaint of heart 
 Strangury . 
 Sudden .... 
 Complication of disea 
 Complaint of bowels 
 Consumption . 
 Croup . 
 Debility . . 
 Decay of nature 
 Decline 
 
 Delirium tremens 
 Diarrhoea . 
 Diseases unknown 
 " infantile 
 Disorder of the mesenteric 
 
 glands .... 
 Diseases of the kidneys 
 Drinking cold water 
 Dropsy . 
 Dropsy in head 
 Suicide . 
 Suffocation 
 Dropsy of chest 
 Drowned . 
 Dysentery . 
 Enlarged spine 
 Epilepsy . . 
 Fever . . . 
 
 ■' of the lungs . 
 
 " nervous 
 
 " inflammatory . 
 
 18 
 2 
 1 
 1 
 7 
 
 11 
 4 
 1 
 7 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 242 
 
 30 
 
 11 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 24 
 
 11)5 
 
 32 
 
 4 
 1 
 2 
 
 12 
 33 
 
 1 
 
 14 
 
 l.S 
 
 45 
 
 1 
 
 •) 
 
 D 
 
 71 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 Fever, brain . 
 
 
 
 . 1( 
 
 " pleurisy . 
 
 
 
 " typhus 
 
 
 
 . 4( 
 
 " bilious 
 
 
 
 . U 
 
 " puerperal . 
 
 
 
 . i; 
 
 " putrid . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 " spotted 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Syphilis . . . 
 
 
 
 
 Teething . 
 
 
 
 . R 
 
 Fits 
 
 
 
 . 2; 
 
 Fungus .... 
 
 
 
 z 
 
 Gout .... 
 
 
 
 
 Gravel .... 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Hepatico gastritis 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 looping-cough . 
 
 
 
 lo 
 
 Hydro-thorax 
 
 
 
 14 
 
 Inflammation . 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 " of the bowels 
 
 13 
 
 " " " lungs 
 
 2 
 
 " " " stomach, 
 
 ! 
 
 " " heart 
 
 7 
 
 Insanity 
 
 2 
 
 Intemperance 
 
 
 
 22 
 
 Marasmus . . . 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Measles 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Tetanus 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 White swelling . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Mortification . 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 Old age 
 
 
 
 33 
 
 Ossification . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Palsy .... 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 Phthisis pulmonalis 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Pneumonia 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Ouinsv .... 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 Rheumatism . . 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 Eupture . . . 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Salt-rheum 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Scirrhus .... 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 Scrofula .... 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Spasms .... 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 Still-born .... 
 
 
 
 89 
 
 Strangulated hernia 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 Worms ... 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Wounds .... 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Total 1,297 
 
30 
 
 Dkath Returns fuo.m 1810 to 1850. 
 
 •SIB^OI 
 
 t> I s 
 
 •uiog 
 
 is 
 
 
 ^ — ,-. o 
 
 CO 
 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 
 CO o 
 
 O 3 Ol ^ ^ 
 
 CO -^ O ■>! — 
 
 'M ^^ O "M CO 
 
 i-^ C^ Ol -T ^r 
 
 "'— " o — — 
 
 05 — 
 
 CO CO 
 
 l~- ^- 
 
 oo to 
 
 1^ cr> 
 
 CO ^ 
 
 00 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 -* 
 
 I- ! 
 
 to 
 
 -^ s 
 
 CO ^ •-( — 
 
 ■M 
 
 — r 
 
 Cq" 
 
 CO 
 
 ^'" 
 
 ""o 
 
 — —I CO 
 
 bt 
 
 fM -^11^ 
 
 
 
 :; fM 
 
 I— 
 
 - 
 
 to 
 
 o 
 
 -)■ 
 
 L^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 i^ 
 
 w 
 
 o 
 
 
 ICO 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 Ol 
 
 1— < 
 
 ira 
 
 oo 
 
 to 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 ^-1 I s j 
 
 >« 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (N 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 
 
 
 (JT) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 j_, 
 
 
 
 
 1-H 
 
 3 
 
 S 
 
 3 
 
 "3 
 
 3 
 
 ft. 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 (a 
 
 B 
 
 (/3 
 
 O 
 
 6 
 
 s 
 
 5 
 
 0) 
 
 g 
 
Dkath Keturns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 o i 
 
 Diseases and Causes op Death in Boston in 1825. 
 
 Fevers, typhus 
 " synocha 
 " intermittent 
 " yellow 
 
 Asthma 
 
 Pleiiritis 
 
 Pneumonia 
 
 Phthisis pulmonalis 
 
 Influenza . 
 
 Phrenitis . 
 
 Diaphragraitis 
 
 Enteritis . 
 
 Cystitis 
 
 Hepatitis . 
 
 Icterus . 
 
 Peritonitis, chronic 
 
 Dj-senteria 
 
 Colic, bilious . 
 
 Diarrhoea . 
 
 Cholera morbus 
 
 Dyspepsia . 
 
 Obstipatio 
 
 Intemperance 
 
 Delirium -trem ens 
 
 Vesania 
 
 Ascites or An 
 
 Carditis 
 
 Palpitation 
 
 Old age 
 
 Marasmus . 
 
 Sphacelus . 
 
 Abscesses . 
 
 Tumor . . 
 
 White swelling 
 
 Carcinoma 
 
 Burns . 
 
 Hydrocephalus 
 
 Hydrothorax 
 
 Rheumatismus 
 
 Arthritis . 
 
 54 
 12 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 67 
 
 220 
 
 7 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 15 
 1 
 
 16 
 
 10 
 3 
 
 56 
 4 
 4 
 
 11 
 7 
 3 
 
 23 
 7 
 
 10 
 
 28 
 2 
 1 
 
 38 
 2 
 8 
 2 
 1 
 1 
 7 
 5 
 
 38 
 3 
 6 
 1 
 
 Erysipelas 1 
 
 Scrofula 4 
 
 Lepra 1 
 
 Variola 1 
 
 Heart, organic disease . . 5 
 Sciatica .... .1 
 
 Calculus 2 
 
 Syphilis o 
 
 Hernia 2 
 
 Puerperal diseases ... 17 
 
 Still-born 88 
 
 Infantile diseases ... 44 
 
 Cholera infantum . . 13 
 
 Dentitio 15 
 
 Aphtha 40 
 
 Pertussis 27 
 
 Rubeola 77 
 
 Scarlatina 1 
 
 Cynanche maligna ... 6 
 
 " trachealis . . 24 
 
 " tonsillaris . . 3 
 
 Accidental 11 
 
 Drowned 21 
 
 Murder 
 
 Suicide 
 
 Suffocation 
 
 Poison 
 
 Frozen 
 
 Drinking cold water 
 
 Heat 
 
 Sudden .... 
 Bursting blood-vessel 
 Lethargus .... 
 Spasm 
 
 3 
 
 35 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 48 
 
 Apoplexia 12 
 
 Paralysis 14 
 
 Unknown 227 
 
 Total 1,450 
 
32 
 
 Death Keturns fkom 1810 to 1850. 
 
 •sitiioi 
 
 
 l^ 
 
 'X 
 
 , 
 
 ;i^ 
 
 -+I 
 
 2 
 
 CI 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 
 'M 
 
 
 OC 
 
 L-- 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^1 
 
 c- 
 
 ^"■" 
 
 o 
 
 - 
 
 o 
 
 (7-1 
 
 ",_^ 
 
 o 
 
 CI 
 
 oi 1 
 
 CO 
 
 
 M - 
 
 Pm 
 
 
 Ol 
 
 
 • 1 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 ^H 
 
 ^ 
 
 1— 1 
 
 >— 
 
 '— 
 
 
 t> « 1 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 s 
 
 l^ 
 
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 1— 1 
 
 c^ 
 
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 CO 
 
 
 •nioa 1 o 
 
 L^ 
 
 
 
 ,-^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^- - 
 
 - ~ 
 
 "o 
 
 o 
 
 'r^^ 
 
 "o" 
 
 ■-■ 
 
 c 
 
 c: 
 
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 CI 
 
 
 
 
 
 m 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 co" 
 
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 o 
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 - 
 
 o 
 
 CI 
 
 '^" 
 
 c 
 
 o 
 
 ci- 
 
 
 ss 
 
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 d 
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 (^ 1 "* 
 
 '-^ 
 
 — 
 
 s 1^ 
 
 o 
 
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 CI 
 
 
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 co" 
 
 ■>! 
 
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 CI 
 
 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 h-< 1 
 
 
 
 
 CI 
 
 CI 
 
 -f 
 
 i-H 
 
 Tt 
 
 1-H 
 
 CI 
 
 1 'M 
 
 s 1 ^ 
 
 ^H 
 
 T— i 
 
 T^ 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 'M 
 
 -^1 
 
 o 
 
 CI 
 
 ^ 
 
 OI 
 
 
 ~-' 
 
 
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 O 
 
 PM 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -*" 
 
 ^ 
 
 Cl 
 
 CI 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 i-i 
 
 L- 
 
 CI 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 s 1^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 CI 
 X 
 
 CO 
 
 d r.: 1 -* 
 
 lO 
 
 -* 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 C4 
 
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 cc 
 
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 urt) 
 
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 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 '30 
 
 ^ 
 
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 CI 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 s 1 
 
 
 
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 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 CN 
 
 
 
 
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 s 
 
 
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 crj 
 
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 r-^ 
 
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 ^ 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 i 
 
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 CD 
 
 
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 1— 1 
 
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 fa 
 
 
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 CD 
 
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 o 
 
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 s 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 a; 
 
 i 
 
 
Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 33 
 
 Diseases and Cause of Death in Boston in 1826. 
 
 Accidental 
 Abscess . . 
 Apoplexy . . 
 Asthma 
 
 Abscess, lumber 
 Bleeding at lungs 
 Burns . 
 Bloody flux 
 Consumption 
 Croup . . 
 Canlier . 
 Cancer . 
 Colic . . 
 Cholera morbus 
 Canker rash . 
 Cholera infantum 
 Childbed diseases 
 Dysentery . 
 Dropsical diseases 
 Dropsy of brain . 
 
 " " heart . 
 
 " " chest . 
 Delirium tremens 
 Debility . . . 
 Disorders of head 
 Drowned . 
 Dyspepsia . . . 
 Diseases unknown 
 Epilepsy . . . 
 Fever, inflammatory 
 
 " bilious 
 
 " typhus 
 
 " scarlet 
 
 " putrid 
 
 " lung . 
 
 " slow . . 
 
 " brain . 
 
 " unknown 
 
 kind 
 
 Frozen 
 Fistula 
 Fits . 
 Gravel 
 Gout 
 
 14 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 11 
 
 1 
 
 231 
 
 24 
 
 25 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 47 
 
 32 
 
 29 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 r) 
 
 18 
 
 5 
 
 22 
 
 1 
 
 161 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 11 
 
 31 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 41 
 
 2 
 
 13 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 45 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 Heart, disease of ... 11 
 
 Hooping-cough .... 23 
 
 Hip-joint disease ... 1 
 
 Intemperance .... 38 
 
 Inflammation of bowels . 24 
 
 " " chest . . 1 
 
 " liver . . 1 
 
 " " brain . . 3 
 
 " " stomach . 1 
 
 Inflammatory diseases . . 3 
 
 Infantile 40 
 
 Insane 1 
 
 Jaundice 5 
 
 Liver, disease of ... 11 
 
 Lock-jaw 1 
 
 Lethargy 1 
 
 Mortification 9 
 
 Measles 10 
 
 Old age 40 
 
 Palsy 9 
 
 Poison 1 
 
 Pleurisy 7 
 
 Quinsy !^ 
 
 Kupture 2 
 
 " blood-vessel . . -2 
 
 Rheumatism 4 
 
 Scurvy 1 
 
 Still-born 87 
 
 Spasms 8 
 
 Suicide ,") 
 
 Scirrhous of the mesen- 
 teric glands .... 1 
 
 Scalded 3 
 
 Scrofula i 
 
 Teething 8 
 
 Throat distemper ... 6 
 
 Tumor 2 
 
 Venereal i 
 
 Ulcer 2 
 
 Worms 4 
 
 White swelling .... 1 
 
 Total 1,254 
 
34 
 
 Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 i^ 
 
 C<1 
 
 CN 
 
 00 
 
 CR 
 
 CO 
 
 <3-. 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 Ta 
 
 ■smoi 
 
 CO 
 
 CD 
 
 C75 
 
 CO 
 
 cc 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 O 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 t~ 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 fe 
 S 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 — 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 ^ 
 
 .-H 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 O 
 
 ,_, 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 P 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 •Tiioa 
 
 L^ 
 
 ira 
 
 CC 
 
 'XI 
 
 C35 
 
 L^ 
 
 'O 
 
 t^ 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 -a< 
 
 iC 
 
 CO 
 
 ■rois 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 *— ' 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 ii 
 
 fe 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 = 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 c 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 
 (x^ 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 fM 
 
 -M 
 
 — ' 
 
 c^ 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 -^ 
 
 ■-^ 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 S 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 6 
 
 t^ 
 
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 s 
 
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 s 
 
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 c>) 
 
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 lO 
 
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 s^ 
 
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 6 
 
 fe 
 
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 lO 
 
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 us 
 
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 1^ 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 l^ 
 
 l^ 
 
 oc 
 
 ^ 
 
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 s 
 
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 L^ 
 
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 l^ 
 
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 o 
 
 t- 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
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 d 
 
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 d 
 
 f^ 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 uo 
 
 00 
 
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 ^ 
 
 CD 
 
 , 
 
 ^ 
 
 'il 
 
 CO 
 
 ,-^ 
 
 CO 
 
 'C 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 t~ 
 
 CV 
 
 o 
 
 t^ 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 >o 
 
 
 
 •N 
 
 r-i 
 
 _ 1 
 
 ~ 
 
 ,_, 
 
 ,— ( 
 
 <N 
 
 -* 
 
 <^< 
 
 CO 
 
 "M 
 
 tM 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ira 
 
 CQ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 'O 
 
 CO 
 
 I— 1 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
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 T-H 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 r-* 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 , 
 
 o 
 
 tM 
 
 ^H 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 ,_, 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 ,^ 
 
 l-H 
 
 C<I 
 
 d 
 
 \^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 f-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 CM 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
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 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 t^ 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
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 CO 
 
 o 
 
 '^P 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
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 T-H 
 
 <N 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 
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 tM 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (M 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 s 
 
 ^^ 
 
 C-l 
 
 lO 
 
 '^ 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
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 CO 
 
 
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 ^-f 
 
 rH 
 
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 o 
 
 <N 
 
 5<1 
 
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 05 
 
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 o 
 
 
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 <M 
 
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 'O 
 
 lO 
 
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 CO 
 
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 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
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 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
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 o 
 
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 lO 
 
 
 ta 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 d 
 
 -£■ 
 
 'M 
 
 o 
 
 lO 
 
 L^ 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 -^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 l-'rH 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 
 
 05 
 
 C-^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 5« 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 ^ 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
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 4 
 
 c 
 ci 
 
 C' 
 3 
 
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 a 
 
 1-5 
 
 1-5 
 
 3 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 c 
 
 0) 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 s 
 
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 o 
 
 0) 
 
 a 
 
 s 
 
 Q 
 
 
Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 35 
 
 Diseases and Causes op Death in Boston in 1827. 
 
 Abscess 
 Accidental 
 Apoplexy . 
 Asthma 
 Bloody flux 
 Bowel complaint 
 Brain, diseases of 
 Burns . 
 Cancer . 
 Canker . 
 Canker rash 
 Child-bed diseases 
 Cholera infantum 
 Cholera morbus 
 Colic, bilious . 
 Consumption . 
 Convulsions . 
 Croup . 
 
 Diseases unknown 
 Debility . 
 Delirium tremens 
 Diarrhea . 
 Dyspepsia . 
 Drowned . 
 Dropsy 
 
 " of chest 
 " of brain 
 Dysentery 
 Diabetes . 
 Epilepsy . . 
 Erysipelas . 
 Fistula . . . 
 Fever, unknown kind 
 
 " nervous 
 
 " typhus 
 
 " lung . 
 
 ' ' scarlet 
 
 " bilious 
 
 " inflammatory 
 
 " brain 
 
 ' ' putrid 
 Gravel . 
 Hanged 
 
 2 
 
 13 
 
 10 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 19 
 
 3 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 18 
 
 I 
 
 11 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 178 
 
 23 
 
 25 
 
 1.52 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 21 
 
 2,0 
 
 6 
 
 24 
 
 23 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 24 
 
 36 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 19 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 ] 
 
 Hooping cough .... 6 
 
 Heart disease .... 6 
 
 Hip disease 1 
 
 Head, diseases of . . . 2 
 
 Infantile diseases ... 35 
 
 Insanity 5 
 
 Intemperance 25 
 
 Inflammation 
 
 of heart 
 " bowels 
 " brain 
 "• lungs 
 
 4 
 1 
 12 
 1 
 2 
 3 
 1 
 7 
 9 
 2 
 
 Jaundice 
 
 Lethargy 
 
 Liver complaint . . 
 
 Mortification .... 
 '• of bowels . 
 
 Old age 37 
 
 1 
 6 
 6 
 1 
 1 
 
 Palpitation of heart 
 Palsy .... 
 Paralitic affection 
 Poison .... 
 Prolapsus uteri . 
 
 Pleurisy 3 
 
 Quinsy 2 
 
 Rheumatism 4 
 
 Scrofula . .... 2 
 
 Suicide 4 
 
 Spasm . 6 
 
 Small-pox 3 
 
 Syphilis 1 
 
 Suffocation 1 
 
 Still-born ... . . 83 
 
 Sudden 3 
 
 Throat distemper ... 6 
 
 Tumor 3 
 
 Teething 23 
 
 Ulcer 1 
 
 Worms .... . . 4 
 
 Wounds 1 
 
 Total 1,022 
 
36 
 
 Death Returns fkom 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
 tc 
 
 OJ 
 
 CO 
 
 ,o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 t- 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 C32 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 •smoi 
 
 o 
 
 t~ 
 
 <» 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 03 
 
 CJ3 
 
 c^l 
 
 >o 
 
 
 00 
 
 135 
 
 CO 
 
 I— j 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 1— * 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 ;m 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1—1 
 
 a 
 
 Pb 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 -^ 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 '-' 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 O 
 
 ^ 
 
 S 
 
 .— < 
 
 o 
 
 " 
 
 o 
 
 ^M 
 
 ^ 
 
 1—1 
 
 CM 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 1— 1 
 
 •Mog 
 
 C<1 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 c» 
 
 ■M 
 
 -r 
 
 oo 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 l^ 
 
 -^ 
 
 -ims 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ii 
 
 fa 
 
 CM 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 ^H 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 " 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 fa 
 
 o 
 
 ,—1 
 
 CM 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 ^- 
 
 ^H 
 
 ^ 
 
 ,—1 
 
 OS 
 
 6 
 
 oo 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T— < 
 
 s 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 T— 1 
 
 •^ 
 
 '-' 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 O 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 oo 
 O 
 
 fa 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 1— t 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 — ' 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 CM 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 o 
 
 T— C 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 <M 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 O 
 
 T— C 
 
 CM 
 
 ^H 
 
 O 
 
 fa' 
 
 rr 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 t— 1 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 icO 
 
 T-H 
 
 T—\ 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 T— 1 
 
 o 
 
 ,_, 
 
 CO 
 
 T— C 
 
 uO 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 
 fa 
 
 ■* 
 
 T— 1 
 
 lO 
 
 ^^ 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 C9 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 ■^ 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CX> 
 
 O 
 
 (M 
 
 CM 
 
 ^ 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 -* 
 
 lO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 f-H 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
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 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 IM 
 
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 d 
 
 _fa_ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 -^ 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 o 
 
 -* 
 
 CM 
 
 C31 
 
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 oo 
 
 uo 
 
 UO 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 lO 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 L^ 
 
 OS 
 
 O 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 t^ 
 
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 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 . 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 lO 
 
 XI 
 
 L^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 oo 
 
 ■o 
 
 CM 
 
 CJi 
 
 C5 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 L-- 
 
 o 
 
 Oi 
 
 "o3~~ 
 
 CO 
 
 CD 
 
 ,— i 
 
 L^ 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T— C 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 oo 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 C£> 
 
 CO 
 
 >C0 
 
 CO 
 
 05 
 
 t^ 
 
 L-~ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 'O 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 w 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1— 1 
 
 r— ( 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 en 
 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 CM 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 L^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 oo 
 
 o 
 
 fK 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 ,_) 
 
 o 
 
 T— t 
 
 C<| 
 
 CM 
 
 I— c 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 -^ 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 o 
 
 i-H 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 6 
 
 fa 
 
 '^ 
 
 CM 
 
 o 
 
 lO 
 
 ■-^ 
 
 CO 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 o 
 
 '^ 
 
 - 
 
 C33 
 
 s' 
 
 — ' 
 
 C-1 
 
 " 
 
 C-l 
 
 CM 
 
 ^ 
 
 T— 1 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 -* 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 CM 
 
 
 , 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 t^ 
 
 ^M 
 
 CO 
 
 I— C 
 
 T-H 
 
 •ra 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 IC 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 ^ 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 If^ 
 
 (M 
 
 CM 
 
 rH 
 
 •— 1 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 c33 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 
 , 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 ^ 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 C^ 
 
 T_, 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 
 1X4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 i-l 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 T)< 
 
 (M 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 cj:i 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 CM 
 
 00 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 vra 
 
 
 , 
 
 lO 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 00 
 
 O 
 
 -* 
 
 ^ 
 
 CM 
 
 o 
 
 ^_, 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 (33 
 
 03 cS 
 
 tM 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 
 T— C 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 O 
 
 . 
 
 CM 
 
 ^H 
 
 CO 
 
 .-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 00 
 
 ^^ 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 t-'^ 
 
 s 
 
 T— i 
 
 tH 
 
 ^ 
 
 T— 1 
 
 T— C 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 GO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 *« 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 GC 
 
 ;^ 
 
 >^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 GQ 
 
 be 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 CD 
 
 ID 
 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 d 
 
 1-3 
 
 
 
 a 
 ■< 
 
 cS 
 I— c 
 
 HI 
 
 a 
 
 >-5 
 
 1-5 
 
 ft 
 
 iU 
 
 03 
 
 o 
 
 5 
 
 > 
 o 
 
 i 
 
 o 
 
 
Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 37 
 
 Diseases, and Causes of Death in Boston in 1828. 
 
 Abscess 
 
 1 
 
 " lumbar . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Apoplexy ... 
 Accidental .... 
 
 . 18 
 . 14 
 
 Asthma .... 
 
 1 
 
 Burns 
 
 . 9 
 
 Bleeding in lun^s 
 
 . 2 
 
 " " stomach 
 
 1 
 
 Bowel complaints 
 
 . 2 
 
 Consumption .... 
 Child-bed disease . . 
 
 . 217 
 . 14 
 
 Croup 
 
 Convulsions .... 
 
 . 25 
 . 31 
 
 Canker 
 
 . 13 
 
 Cholera morbus . . . 
 
 7 
 
 " infantum 
 
 . 19 
 
 Chicken pox .... 
 
 1 
 
 Cancer 
 
 . 4 
 
 Colic, bilious .... 
 
 3 
 
 Dysentery 
 
 Dropsy 
 
 " of chest . 
 
 . 29 
 20 
 
 1 
 
 " " brain . . . 
 
 38 
 
 Diseases unknown . . 
 
 178 
 
 Delirium tremens 
 
 7 
 
 Drowned 
 
 16 
 
 Debility 
 
 Diabetes 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 Diarrhea 
 
 2 
 
 Drinking cold water . . 
 
 2 
 
 Erysipelas .... 
 Fever, unknown kind . 
 
 3 
 5 
 
 " typhus . . . 
 " bilious . . . . 
 
 31 
 
 16 
 
 " lung 
 
 81 
 
 " brain 
 
 12 
 
 " hectic 
 
 3 
 
 " malignant . . . 
 
 1 
 
 " Inflammatory . . 
 " scarlet . . . . 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 " nervous . . . . 
 
 1 
 
 " intermittent . 
 
 2 
 
 Fracture 2 
 
 Gravel 1 
 
 Heart, disease of . . . 6 
 
 Hooping-cough .... 40 
 
 Inflammation of larynx . 1 
 
 " general . . 4 
 
 " of bowels . 33 
 
 " " stomach . 2 
 
 " " brain . . 5 
 
 " " lungs . . 5 
 
 Infantile diseases ... 65 
 
 Intemperance .... 34 
 
 Insanitj' 1 
 
 Jaundice 2 
 
 Liver complaint .... 10 
 
 Lockjaw 1 
 
 Mortification 7 
 
 " of bowels . . 4 
 
 Matrix, disease of . . . 1 
 
 Mesentery, disease of . . 1 
 
 Old age 54 
 
 Pleurisy 2 
 
 Poison 2 
 
 Palsy 10 
 
 Piles 1 
 
 Quinsy . 1 
 
 Rupture 1 
 
 Rheumatism 2 
 
 Scrofula 5 
 
 Suicide 9 
 
 Spasms 1 
 
 Small-pox 2 
 
 Sudden 2 
 
 Scirrhous 1 
 
 Still-born 74 
 
 Throat distemper ... 1 
 
 Ulcers 3 
 
 Venereal 3 
 
 White swelling .... 1 
 
 Worms 1 
 
 Total 1,233 
 
38 
 
 Death Eettjrns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 1 
 
 
 ira 
 
 CO 
 
 <M 
 
 00 
 
 C-.' 
 
 05 
 
 t^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 'M 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 rH 
 
 •smoi 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 02 
 
 d 
 
 L^ 
 
 03 
 
 05 
 
 OJ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 tH 
 
 rH 
 
 T— < 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 y—t 
 
 ,-H 
 
 rH 
 
 OJ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ■ujoa 
 
 lO 
 
 L-- 
 
 05 
 
 ^ 
 
 L^ 
 
 t~ 
 
 CO 
 
 rH 
 
 (M 
 
 .__, 
 
 L^ 
 
 (N 
 
 'O 
 
 -ims 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 CO 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 -^ 
 
 r^ 
 
 O 
 
 (M 
 
 S 
 
 ° 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T— 1 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 7—i 
 
 1—i 
 
 lO 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 — ' 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 '-I 
 
 -^ 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 S 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 I— 1 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 r~i 
 
 o 
 
 fe 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 T— I 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 5<1 
 
 o 
 
 ,-H 
 
 o 
 
 ,-H 
 
 CN 
 
 ,-H 
 
 LO 
 
 en 
 6 
 
 1 « 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 s 
 
 -H 
 
 'M 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 I5<1 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 <M 
 
 T—i 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 o 
 
 1—i 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 6 
 
 f^ 
 
 (T^) 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 — 
 
 rH 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 IT^ 
 
 CO 
 
 en 
 oq 
 
 s 
 
 — 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 (N 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 (N 
 
 rH 
 
 '-' 
 
 -' 
 
 o 
 
 
 |i< 
 
 ur^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 '- 
 
 OJ 
 
 00 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 -' 
 
 fM 
 
 c 
 
 •M 
 
 o 
 
 s' 
 
 T-H 
 
 T^ 
 
 5>) 
 
 CO 
 
 -M 
 
 CO 
 
 Ol 
 
 S<1 
 
 (N 
 
 oa 
 
 CO 
 
 <M 
 
 CD 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 OJ 
 
 o 
 to 
 o 
 
 U3 
 
 fa 
 
 (M 
 
 C<1 
 
 <M 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 1— 1 
 
 CO 
 
 <M 
 
 rH 
 
 CO 
 
 •-< 
 
 (N 
 
 <y> 
 
 s 
 
 CO 
 
 I^ 
 
 l^ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 <M 
 
 -# 
 
 Ol 
 
 S<l 
 
 oq 
 
 rH 
 
 — H 
 
 >ra 
 
 r>i 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 1 >n 
 
 fa 
 
 ■^ 
 
 (M 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 OS 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 Ol 
 
 >ra 
 
 '"' 
 
 en 
 
 rf 
 
 1^ 
 
 s 
 
 CD 
 
 CT- 
 
 l^ 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 — 
 
 CO 
 
 OO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 -+ 
 
 iT^ 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 LO 
 
 d 
 
 fa 
 
 CO 
 
 •* 
 
 OO 
 
 Oi 
 
 ^ 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 -f 
 
 CO 
 
 c; 
 
 ^ 
 
 1—i 
 
 ^ 
 
 C5 
 
 lO 
 
 L^ 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 '^l 
 
 rH 
 
 L^ 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 -* 
 
 o 
 
 03 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 OO 
 
 r^ -' 
 
 
 CO 
 
 OO 
 
 Tvl 
 
 ,—1 
 
 <M 
 
 CO 
 
 l^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■o 
 
 -cf 
 
 lO 
 
 LO 
 
 CO 
 
 6 
 
 M 
 
 
 
 
 T— 1 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 c~ 
 
 ■ 
 
 >o 
 
 C' 
 
 c^ 
 
 lO 
 
 •O 
 
 CO 
 
 >» 
 
 t- 
 
 CO 
 
 ■o 
 
 :o 
 
 
 Ol 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -H 
 
 
 
 
 
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 ~X) 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 ,— ( 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 l- 
 
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 rH 
 
 ^^ 
 
 IM 
 
 r; 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 « 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 <M 
 
 t~ 
 
 : «-! 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■70 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 Ol 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 ,—t 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 :o 
 
 o 
 
 <M 
 
 CO 
 
 t^ 
 
 d 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T—i 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 <M 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 »o 
 
 (N 
 
 Oi 
 
 ^ 
 
 (N 
 
 ^H 
 
 LO 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1 
 
 
 o 
 
 UO 
 
 lO 
 
 iT^ 
 
 ^H 
 
 <N 
 
 ^ 
 
 lO 
 
 lO 
 
 L^ 
 
 00 
 
 iQ 
 
 LO 
 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 LO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 CO 
 
 C^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 -# 
 
 t^ 
 
 <N 
 
 (N 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 rr 
 
 lO 
 
 -H 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 
 CO 
 
 j 
 
 
 CT5 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 i-H 
 
 (M 
 
 LO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 C<1 
 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 y~^ 
 
 T-~( 
 
 T-* 
 
 
 
 OO 
 
 « 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 IQ 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 1-H 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 '>} 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 r~i 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 1—i 
 
 
 
 CD 
 
 
 . 
 
 t^ 
 
 00 
 
 ^ 
 
 0^ 
 
 l^ 
 
 oa 
 
 iO 
 
 "0 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 ,-H 
 
 >o 
 
 cn 
 
 ss 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 r-M 
 
 1-^ 
 
 rH 
 
 
 t~ 
 
 t3 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 <M 
 
 Oi 
 
 OO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 xfi 
 
 r>i 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 ^^ 
 
 rH 
 
 -" 
 
 s 
 
 I— 1 
 
 t—< 
 
 tH 
 
 
 
 
 
 y—i 
 
 Oi 
 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 Ol 
 
 05 
 
 ■ 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 • 
 
 , 
 
 
 
 
 >i 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CJ 
 
 
 
 !h 
 
 .JO 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 <u 
 
 Q 
 
 
 wM 
 
 >> 
 
 t- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -*3 
 
 CO 
 
 3 
 be 
 D 
 
 rQ 
 
 J_, 
 
 X! 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 o3 
 a; 
 
 o 
 
 < 
 
 ^ 
 s 
 
 1-5 
 
 
 id 
 
 0) 
 
 a2 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 B 
 
 > 
 
 
Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 39 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1829. 
 
 Apoplexy . . . 
 
 
 
 . 12 
 
 Hip disease .... 
 
 3 
 
 Accidental 
 
 
 
 . 12 
 
 Heart, disease of 
 
 . g 
 
 Abscess 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Inflammation of bladder 
 
 1 
 
 " of lungs 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Infantile diseases . . 
 
 . 55 
 
 " " brain 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Inflammation 
 
 . 11 
 
 Burns .... 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 " of lungs . 
 
 10 
 
 Brain, disease of 
 
 
 
 . 2 
 
 " of bowels 
 
 . 21 
 
 Consumption 
 
 
 
 . 203 
 
 " of brain . 
 
 7 
 
 Convulsions . . 
 
 
 
 . 28 
 
 Insanity ... 
 
 . 3 
 
 Croup .... 
 
 
 
 . 35 
 
 Intemperance .... 
 
 . 30 
 
 Child-bed diseases 
 
 
 
 . 17 
 
 Jaundice .... 
 
 1 
 
 Canker .... 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 Lock-jaw 
 
 1 
 
 Carcinoma uteri . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Liver, diseases of . . 
 
 14 
 
 Colic .... 
 
 
 
 . 3 
 
 Lethargy 
 
 1 
 
 Cholera morbus . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Mortification .... 
 
 8 
 
 Chlorosis . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 " of bowels . 
 
 1 
 
 Cancer . . . 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Measles .... 
 
 72 
 
 Diseases unknown 
 
 
 
 160 
 
 Nervous affection 
 
 1 
 
 Dropsy .... 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 Old age 
 
 65 
 
 " of brain . 
 
 
 
 42 
 
 Palsy 
 
 11 
 
 " " chest . 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Pleurisy 
 
 4 
 
 Dysentery . . . 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 Piles 
 
 1 
 
 Drowned . 
 
 
 
 19 
 
 Poison 
 
 1 
 
 DebUity . . . 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 Quinsy ...... 
 
 3 
 
 Diarrhea . . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Rheumatism .... 
 
 3 
 
 Disease of bowels 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 Eupture 
 
 1 
 
 " " chest 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 " blood-vessel 
 
 1 
 
 Epilepsy . . . 
 
 
 
 . 2 
 
 Sudden 
 
 7 
 
 Fever, typhus 
 
 
 
 28 
 
 Still-born 
 
 65 
 
 " lung . 
 
 
 
 80 
 
 Suffocation .... 
 
 1 
 
 " brain . 
 
 
 
 14 
 
 Spleen, disease of . . 
 
 1 
 
 " bilious 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 Salt rheum 
 
 1 
 
 " putrid . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Scrofula 
 
 4 
 
 " unknown kin( 
 
 1 
 
 
 2 
 
 Suicide 
 
 .5 
 
 " intermittent 
 
 Scald 
 
 1 
 
 " scarlet . . 
 
 
 
 
 Scurvy 
 
 1 
 
 " inflammatory 
 
 
 
 
 Spasms 
 
 2 
 
 ' ' malignant 
 
 
 
 
 Spine, disease of . . . 
 
 1 
 
 " nervous . . 
 
 
 
 
 Stomach, disease of . 
 
 2 
 
 Fistula 
 
 
 
 
 Teething 
 
 13 
 
 Fracture .... 
 
 
 
 
 Throat distemper . . . 
 
 3 
 
 Gravel 
 
 
 
 
 Venereal 
 
 1 
 
 Gout 
 
 
 
 
 Worms 
 
 3 
 
 Hemorrhage of lungs . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " " bowels . 
 
 
 
 Total 1 
 
 ,221 
 
 Hooping-cough . . 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 
 
40 
 
 Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 1 
 
 t^ 
 
 O 
 
 <N 
 
 ■* 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 t^ 
 
 -cH 
 
 CO 
 
 •* 
 
 c^ 
 
 i^ 
 
 lO 
 
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 T-H 
 
 O 
 
 02 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 ira 
 
 00 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 
 L^ 
 
 00 
 
 <M 
 
 T— I 
 
 
 
 1— < 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 r^ 
 
 •njog 
 
 lO 
 
 l^ 
 
 CO 
 
 S<I 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 t~ 
 
 Ol 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 <M 
 
 ^ 
 
 O 
 
 ■ims 
 
 
 
 
 T— 1 
 
 
 
 
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 rH 
 
 
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 T-H 
 
 d 
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 fa 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
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 o 
 
 c 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
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 '-' 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
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 S 
 
 o 
 
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 o 
 
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 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
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 o 
 
 IM 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
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 <M 
 
 rH 
 
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 CO 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 r-i 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 rH 
 
 o 
 
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 — H 
 
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 o 
 
 O 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
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 CO 
 
 [ t- SI 
 
 CO 
 
 ■^ 
 
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 CO 
 
 CO 
 
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 T-H 
 
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 o 
 
 o 
 
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 (M 
 
 ^n 
 
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 Ol 
 
 1 s 
 
 fa 
 
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 tM 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 § 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 o 
 
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 -* 
 
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 o 
 
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 CO 
 
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 « Bs 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 % 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 (M 
 
 rH 
 
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 T-H 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 ,-H 
 
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 i-H 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (M 
 
 
 
 IM 
 
 o 
 
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 CO 
 
 5<1 
 
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 rH 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 •* 
 
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 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 1 '/ 
 
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 C^ 
 
 CO 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 »-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 T-H 
 
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 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 ,_, 
 
 ,_, 
 
 CO 
 
 1 "= 
 
 1 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 <M 
 
 1 . . 
 
 l^ 
 
 ^H 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
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 o 
 
 ^ 
 
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 ^ 
 
 CN 
 
 ira 
 
 ^ 
 
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 -* 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 . 
 
 IM 
 
 L^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 rH 
 
 (M 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 l^ 
 
 o 
 
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 CO 
 
 |S 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1 
 
 
 (M 
 
 cn 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CD 
 
 L^ 
 
 Ci 
 
 OO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 fa 
 
 -— * 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 t-l 
 
 S 
 
 fM 
 
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 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 "^ 
 
 O 
 
 (M 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 
 
 
 UO 
 
 C5 
 
 >o 
 
 u-3 
 
 T-H 
 
 •o 
 
 CO 
 
 7-^ 
 
 ira 
 
 05 
 
 CO 
 
 CD 
 
 en 
 
 h U 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 r^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 5>< 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 lO 
 
 Cj 
 
 '^ 
 
 C^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^^ 
 
 <M 
 
 t^ 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 >n 
 
 i-"^ 
 
 S 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 r^ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 r^ 
 
 © 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 : 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 
 09 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 OO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 
 J_^ 
 
 
 
 
 -1 
 
 >-> 
 
 3 
 P 
 
 03 
 
 ,3 
 
 2 
 
 s. 
 < 
 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 •-0 
 
 *-5 
 
 3 
 M 
 
 <1 
 
 a 
 B 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 CD 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 
Death Eetukns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 41 
 
 Diseases and Causes op Death in Boston in 1830. 
 
 Apoplexy . 
 Asthma . . . 
 
 
 
 . 12 
 . 1 
 
 Abscess . . . 
 
 
 
 . 3 
 
 Accidental 
 
 
 
 . 8 
 
 Brain, disease of 
 
 
 
 . 6 
 
 Bowels, " " 
 
 
 
 . 6 
 
 Bleeding . . . 
 
 
 
 . 7 
 
 Burns .... 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 Child-bed diseases 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 Consumption . . 
 Chicken-pox . 
 Cholera morbus . 
 
 
 
 193 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 Convulsions . . 
 
 
 
 27 
 
 Croup .... 
 CanUer ... 
 
 
 
 42 
 10 
 
 Cancer .... 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 Colic ..... 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 " bilious . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Cholera infantum 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 Dropsy . . . 
 " of heart . 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 2 
 
 " " brain . 
 
 
 
 48 
 
 " chest . 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Disease unknown 
 
 
 
 152 
 
 Dysentery . . 
 Diarrhoea . . . 
 
 
 
 22 
 
 1 
 
 Drowned . 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 Delirium . 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Diabetes . . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Fever, unknown kin 
 
 a 
 
 
 10 
 
 " intermittent 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 " lung . . 
 
 
 
 56 
 
 " inflammatory 
 " typhus 
 " brain . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 23 
 
 9 
 
 " child-bed 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 " bilious . . 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Debility . . . . 
 Frozen 
 
 
 
 8 
 2 
 
 Gravel 1 
 
 Hooping-cough . . . . 16 
 
 Heart, disease of ... 11 
 
 Hip complaint .... 4 
 
 Inflammation 1 
 
 " of lungs . . 12 
 
 " " bowels . 14 
 
 Infantile diseases . . .41 
 
 Intemperance . . . . 19 
 
 Insanity 4 
 
 Kidney, disease of . . . 1 
 
 Liver complaint . . . . 17 
 
 Measles 13 
 
 Mortification 4 
 
 Nervous affection ... 2 
 
 Old age 47 
 
 Pleurisy 2 
 
 Palsy 14 
 
 Quinsy 4 
 
 Rheumatism 2 
 
 Rupture 1 
 
 Still-born 100 
 
 Strangury 1 
 
 Scald 3 
 
 Scrofula 5 
 
 Sudden 8 
 
 Small-pox 5 
 
 Sunstruck 1 
 
 Stomach, diseases of . . 2 
 
 Suicide 8 
 
 Spasms 1 
 
 Syphilis 1 
 
 Tumor 3 
 
 Throat distemper ... 1 
 
 Teething 12 
 
 Ulcer 1 
 
 Worms 1 
 
 Total 1,125 
 
42 
 
 Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 ■si^ioi 
 
 ■nioa 
 
 -ims 
 
 05 
 
 C» O 
 
 
 CM 
 
 r-l O T-l 
 
 o 
 
 t^ I '^ 
 
 CO CM 
 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O !-< .-I 
 
 rH O O 
 
 d 
 
 CO 
 
 Ei4 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 — 
 
 '- 
 
 1— 1 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 CM 
 
 (M 
 
 <M 
 
 o 
 
 is: 
 
 g 
 
 s 
 
 
 — 
 
 <M 
 
 (M 
 
 <o 
 
 = 
 
 ■" 
 
 (M 
 
 ^ 
 
 — 
 
 CO 
 
 (T<1 
 
 IS 
 
 O .-1 -H 
 
 >0 CO ^H 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 
 I CO 
 
 o 
 
 CD 
 
 P^ 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 ICO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^H 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 '^t* 
 
 ^ 
 
 'M 
 
 ^ 
 
 CM 
 
 ^H 
 
 -* 
 
 'M 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 
 d 
 
 P.- 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
 •* 
 
 ^ 
 
 >C0 
 
 ^CD 
 
 ■ra 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 i 
 
 s 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 Cu 
 
 VT^ 
 
 tx> 
 
 C3 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 •o 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 ^-( 
 
 CO 
 
 oo 
 
 s 
 
 o 
 
 S 
 
 o 
 
 lO 
 
 ^H 
 
 '^ 
 
 lO 
 
 -* 
 
 t^ 
 
 05 
 
 o 
 
 Oi 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 i-H 
 
 g 
 
 s 
 
 p^ 
 
 oo 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 T-H 
 
 iO 
 
 -* 
 
 [~ 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 c~ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T— ( 
 
 05 
 
 i 
 
 s 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 C» 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 l^ 
 
 CX> 
 
 Cj3 
 
 T— I 
 
 CM 
 
 OO 
 CO 
 
 d 
 
 (4 
 
 ^ 
 
 CM 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 -* 
 
 L^ 
 
 uO 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 30 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 6 
 
 
 I— 1 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 i-H 
 
 '"' 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 
 6 
 
 15 
 
 Pb 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 ■^ 
 
 ■o 
 
 '^l 
 
 '"' 
 
 *"• 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 L-~ 
 
 C5 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 t-H 
 
 •"^ 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 o 
 
 lO 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 t- 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO CD lO rM I as 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 ^H 
 
 'O 
 
 'O 
 
 -* 
 
 c^ 
 
 OD 
 
 GO 
 
 L^ 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 -* 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 I— 1 
 
 O 
 
 CT^ 
 
 CX) 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 Oi CO "O C5 --H 1 QO 
 
 
 ^ O 1—1 O vo I --H 
 
 .— r-( -rH ^H T— I T— I 
 
 
 c:S 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 t-5 
 
 C3 
 
 ^ I 
 
 3 
 >-5 
 
 3 
 1-5 
 
 C35 cjn 
 
 CM CO 
 
 en 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 3 
 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 < 
 
 02 
 
 o 
 
 '^ 
 
 w 
 
Death Eetcens from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 43 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1831. 
 
 Apoplexy 
 
 11 
 
 Asthma 
 
 2 
 
 Abscess 
 
 4 
 
 Accidental .... 
 
 11 
 
 Brain, disease of . . 
 
 11 
 
 Bowel, " " . . 
 
 13 
 
 Bleeding 
 
 5 
 
 Burns 
 
 13 
 
 Child-bed diseases *. . 
 
 14 
 
 Catarrh 
 
 1 
 
 Consumption .... 
 Cholera infantum 
 
 203 
 
 7 
 
 " morbus . . . 
 
 14 
 
 Convulsions .... 
 
 29 
 
 Croup 
 
 Canker 
 
 53 
 14 
 
 Carbuncle 
 
 1 
 
 Cincer 
 
 5 
 
 Colic 
 
 1 
 
 " bilious .... 
 
 3 
 
 Dropsy 
 
 " of brain . 
 
 28 
 51 
 
 " " chest . 
 
 4 
 
 Diseases unknown . 
 
 182 
 
 " of spine . . 
 Dysentery .... 
 Drinking cold water . 
 
 3 
 
 28 
 
 1 
 
 Diarrhoea 
 
 1 
 
 Drowned . ... 
 
 15 
 
 Delirium tremens . 
 
 6 
 
 Debility 
 
 Erysipelas .... 
 Fever, unknown . 
 
 20 
 
 2 
 
 11 
 
 " intermittent . 
 
 2 
 
 " nervous . 
 
 2 
 
 " lung .... 
 " inflammatory 
 " typhus . . . 
 " brain .... 
 
 81 
 
 2 
 
 21 
 
 18 
 
 " scarlet . . . 
 
 58 
 
 " bilious . . . 
 
 4 
 
 " spotted . . . 
 Frozen 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 Fracture 1 
 
 Hooping-cough .... 26 
 
 Heart, diseases of . . . 8 
 
 Hip complaint .... 2 
 
 Inflammation 3 
 
 " of bowels . 18 
 
 " " lungs. . 16 
 
 Infantile diseases ... 56 
 
 Intemperance 38 
 
 Insanity 1 
 
 Influenza 22 
 
 Jaundice 1 
 
 Liver complaint . . . . 11 
 
 Measles 2 
 
 Mortification 9 
 
 Old age 67 
 
 Poison 1 
 
 Pleurisy 4 
 
 Palsy 11 
 
 Quinsy 5 
 
 Rheumatism 4 
 
 Rupture of blood-vessel . 2 
 
 Rupture 1 
 
 Still-born 71 
 
 Scald 3 
 
 Scrofula 2 
 
 Sudden 5 
 
 Skin, disease of ... . 1 
 
 Small pox 4 
 
 Stomach, disease of . . 1 
 
 Suicide 12 
 
 Spleen 1 
 
 Spasms 5 
 
 Suffocation 2 
 
 Tumor 5 
 
 Tic doloroux 1 
 
 Throat distemper ... 26 
 
 Teething 10 
 
 Dicers 3 
 
 Wounds 3 
 
 Worms 3 
 
 Total 1,424 
 
44 
 
 Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
 -* 
 
 <M 
 
 CO 
 
 >o 
 
 lO 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 1—1 
 
 ■smoi 
 
 >o 
 
 T-H 
 
 -*> 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 ""co" 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 to 
 I-- 
 
 1—1 
 
 ■mog 
 
 1^ 
 
 to 
 
 CO 
 
 t- 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 CT3 
 
 t~ 
 
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 -ims 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 "^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 1^ 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
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 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
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 o 
 
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 o 
 
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 o 
 
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 12 
 
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 4 
 
 Pm 
 
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 s 
 
 
 
 
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 c^^ 
 
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 t- 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 L^ 
 
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 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 <M 
 
 Tf 
 
 CO 
 
 
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 T-H 
 
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 r-4 
 
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 CO 
 
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 03 
 
 ^ 
 
 
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 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^^ 
 
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 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
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 C32 
 
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Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 U 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1832. 
 
 Apoplexy . . . 
 Abscess 
 Accidental 
 Brain, diseases of 
 Bowels, " " 
 Bleeding . 
 Burns .... 
 Chiclien-pox ■. . 
 Child-bed diseases 
 Catarrh 
 Consumption . 
 Cholera infantum 
 " morbus . 
 " malignant 
 Convulsions 
 Croup . . 
 Canlier . 
 Canker rash 
 Cancer . 
 Colic . . 
 
 " bilious 
 Dropsy . . 
 
 " of brain . 
 " of chest . 
 Diseases unknown 
 Dysentery . 
 Diarrhea 
 Dyspepsia . 
 Drowned . 
 Delirium tremens 
 Debility . . . 
 Epilepsy . . . 
 Erysipelas . . . 
 Fever, intermittent 
 
 " unknown . 
 
 ' ' nervous . 
 
 " lung . . 
 
 " inflammatory 
 
 ' ' typhus 
 
 ' ' brain . 
 
 ' ' scarlet 
 
 " bilious 
 
 " rheumatic 
 Gravel . . . 
 
 15 
 
 8 
 
 12 
 
 17 
 
 27 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 14 
 
 1 
 
 246 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 78 
 
 35 
 
 40 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 38 
 
 44 
 
 6 
 
 126 
 
 21 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 22 
 
 10 
 
 15 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 87 
 
 1 
 
 45 
 
 13 
 
 149 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 Gland, diseases of . . . 1 
 
 Hooping cough . . . . 22 
 
 Heart, disease of . . . 7 
 
 Hip, " " ... 3 
 
 Inflammation 3 
 
 " of bowels . 31 
 
 " of lungs . . 19 
 
 " of stomach . 3 
 
 InfantUe diseases ... 70 
 
 Intemperance 44 
 
 Influenza 24 
 
 Jaundice 3 
 
 Lock-jaw 1 
 
 Liver complaint . . .9 
 
 Lethargy 1 
 
 Measles 70 
 
 Mortification 9 
 
 Old age 62 
 
 Pleurisy 3 
 
 Palsy 19 
 
 Quinsy 6 
 
 Rheumatism 1 
 
 Still-born 86 
 
 Scald 2 
 
 Scurvy 1 
 
 Scrofula 3 
 
 Scirrhus 1 
 
 Sudden 9 
 
 Small-pox 1 
 
 Suicide 8 
 
 Spasms 6 
 
 Spine, disease of ... 1 
 
 Syphilis 4 
 
 Strangulation 1 
 
 Suffocation 2 
 
 Throat distemper ... 50 
 
 Tumor 2 
 
 Teething 21 
 
 Ulcer 2 
 
 Uterus, disease of . . . 1 
 
 Worms 7 
 
 Wounds 6 
 
 Total 1,761 
 
46 
 
 Death Returns from l8l0 to 1850. 
 
 ■STOOi 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 «o 
 
 00 
 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ■* 
 
 
 ""^ 
 
 '"' 
 
 
 
 
 l^ 
 
 1-i 
 
 CTJ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 T— 1 
 
 C<1 
 
 o 
 
 ■njog 
 
 ■ims 
 
 o 
 
 S 
 
 -2 
 
 O 
 
 O 1—1 1—1 
 
 
 « o ^ 
 
 
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 CO ^^ ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 rt .— ^ 1-1 
 
 O T-H T-H 
 
 
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 CO 
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 GO 
 
 fH 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 03 
 
 .a 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 47 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1833. 
 
 Apoplexy . . . . 
 Accidental . . 
 
 
 
 19 
 
 18 
 
 Hooping-cough . . . . 
 
 Heart diseases . 
 
 28 
 13 
 
 Abscess . . 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Hip, disease of . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Asthma 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Inflammation of bowels 
 
 23 
 
 Brain, diseases of . 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 " " lungs . 
 
 18 
 
 Bleeding at lungs 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 " " stomach 
 
 1 
 
 Bowels, diseases of 
 
 
 
 ■1 
 
 " " brain . 
 
 U 
 
 Burns 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 Influenza 
 
 1 
 
 Bursting blood-vesse 
 
 1 
 
 
 3 
 
 Infantile diseases 
 
 100 
 
 Child-bed diseases 
 
 
 
 17 
 
 Intemperance 
 
 40 
 
 Cholera infantum 
 " morbus . 
 
 
 
 14 
 5 
 
 IntrosusceptioD . 
 Jaundice 
 
 1 
 5 
 
 Convulsions . 
 
 
 
 36 
 
 Kidney, disease of . 
 
 1 
 
 Consumption . 
 Croup .... 
 Canker .... 
 
 
 
 240 
 43 
 13 
 
 Liver complair 
 
 Leprosy 
 
 Marasmus 
 
 It . . . 
 
 12 
 1 
 2 
 
 " in bowels 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 Measles 
 
 
 2 
 
 Cancer .... 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 Mortification 
 
 
 4 
 
 Canker rash . 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Old age 
 
 
 57 
 
 Colic .... 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Pleurisy 
 
 
 8 
 
 " bilious . 
 Debility . . . 
 Dropsy . . . 
 " of brain . 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 12 
 24 
 52 
 
 Palsy ". . 
 Quinsy . 
 Rheumatism 
 Rickets 
 
 
 12 
 2 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 " of chest . 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 Still-born . 
 
 
 102 
 
 Diarrhea . . . 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Salt-rheum 
 
 
 1 
 
 Dysentery . 
 Drowned . 
 
 
 
 38 
 10 
 
 Scald . . 
 Scrofula 
 
 
 1 
 4 
 
 Disease unknown 
 
 
 
 . 85 
 
 Scirrhous . 
 
 
 1 
 
 Delirium tremens 
 
 
 
 . 3 
 
 Sudden . . 
 
 
 5 
 
 Erysipelas 
 Epilepsy . . . 
 Fever, unknown . 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 . 11 
 
 Spasms . . 
 Spine . . 
 Suicide . 
 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 14 
 
 " nervous . 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Suffocation 
 
 
 2 
 
 " lung 
 
 
 
 59 
 
 Stomach, disease of 
 
 2 
 
 " slow . . 
 " typhus 
 " brain . 
 
 
 
 . 4 
 . 62 
 
 7 
 
 Throat, distemper . . 
 
 " putrid sore 
 Teething 
 
 . 23 
 
 3 
 
 . 30 
 
 " scarlet 
 
 
 
 . 61 
 
 Tumor 
 
 2 
 
 ' ' bilious 
 
 
 
 . 5 
 
 White swelling . . . 
 
 . 4 
 
 '■ rheumatic 
 
 
 
 . 3 
 
 Worms 
 
 . 4 
 
 " worm . . 
 
 
 
 . 3 
 
 Wounds 
 
 1 
 
 Fracture 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 Gout .... 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Total 
 
 
 1,476 
 
48 
 
 Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 1 
 
 lO 
 
 00 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 O) 
 
 CO 
 
 03 
 
 O 
 
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 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
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 T-H 
 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 rH 
 
 
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 o 
 
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 o 
 
 o 
 
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 T-H 
 
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 o 
 
 o 
 
 <M 
 
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 o 
 
 o 
 
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 c:? 
 
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 T-H 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 o 
 
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 o 
 
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 tH 
 
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 6 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 CD 
 
 o 
 
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 CO 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 T-H 
 
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 CM 
 
 S 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
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 T-H 
 
 CN 
 
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 to 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 f 
 
 fe 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
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 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 [~ 
 
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 d 
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 fe 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 lO 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 t^ 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 ^\-^ 
 
 ■* 
 
 ^ 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 t- 
 
 w 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 c~ 
 
 ^ 
 
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 CO 
 
 00 
 
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 m 
 
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 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 i-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 c^ 
 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 ■* 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
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 fa 
 
 T-H 
 
 r-* 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 tH 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 CO 
 
 c~ 
 
 01 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 O^ 
 
 fM 
 
 »o 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 UO 
 
 t-"^ 
 
 s 
 
 1— t 
 
 T-H 
 
 *— ' 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 T^l 
 
 tH 
 
 T-H 
 
 "* 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 s« 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
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 h" 
 
 
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 a 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 03 
 3 
 
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 Xi 
 
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 s 
 
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 1-5 
 
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 t-5 
 
 
 03 
 
 x> 
 o 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 S 
 
 > 
 
 o 
 
 
Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 49 
 
 Diseases and Causes op Death in Boston in 1834. 
 
 Accidental 
 Abscess 
 Apoplexy 
 Asthma 
 Burns . 
 Bursting blood vessel 
 Bowel complaint 
 Bleeding at lungs 
 Croup .... 
 Consumption . 
 Cancer .... 
 Canker .... 
 Canker in bowels 
 Convulsions . . 
 Child-bed disease 
 Cholera morbus . 
 Cholera infantum 
 Cramp in stomach 
 Colic .... 
 Catarrh 
 Chronic inflammation 
 Diseases unknown 
 Diabetes . . . 
 Diseases of the bones 
 " " heart 
 " " kidney 
 Diarrhea . 
 Dropsy . . 
 ' ' of brain 
 " " heart 
 Decline 
 Drowned 
 Debility 
 Dysentery 
 Dyspepsia 
 Disease of spine 
 " "• brain 
 Dropsy in chest 
 Disease of lungs 
 Delirium tremens 
 Drinking cold water 
 Epilepsy . 
 Erysipelas . 
 P'rozen . . 
 Fever . 
 
 " scarlet 
 
 " brain 
 
 " bilious 
 
 " inflammatory 
 
 " lung . . 
 
 ' ' pleurisy 
 
 22 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 43 
 
 246 
 
 15 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 47 
 
 14 
 
 9 
 
 21 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 106 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 20 
 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 27 
 
 53 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 25 
 
 13 
 
 40 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 8 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 12 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 28 
 
 9 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 63 
 
 11 
 
 Fever putrid .... 
 
 " rheumatic . 
 
 " slow . . . . 
 
 " typhus 
 
 " nervous 
 Gangrene . . . . 
 
 Gravel 
 
 Gout 
 
 Hooping cough . 
 
 Hip disease .... 
 
 Influenza 
 
 Infantile diseases 
 Intemperance 
 
 Insane 
 
 Inflammation of lungs . 
 " " bowels 
 
 " " brain . 
 
 " " bladder 
 
 Jaundice 
 
 Liver complaint 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 54 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 38 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 95 
 
 39 
 
 1 
 
 27 
 
 38 
 
 10 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 7 
 
 Lock jaw 1 
 
 Marasmus 
 
 Measles 
 
 Mortification .... 
 Malignant sore throat . 
 Murdered 
 
 4 
 1 
 7 
 1 
 1 
 
 Old age 54 
 
 Palsy ... . . 13 
 
 Poison 3 
 
 Quinsy - 3 
 
 Rupture of gall bladder . 1 
 
 Eash 1 
 
 Rickets 1 
 
 Still born 114 
 
 Sudden ... ... 4 
 
 Suicide 11 
 
 Small-pox 4 
 
 Spasms 2 
 
 Scrofula . .... 7 
 
 Stricture of aesophagus . 1 
 
 Strangulated 1 
 
 Syphilis 3 
 
 Scurvy 1 
 
 Teething 36 
 
 Throat distemper ... 10 
 
 Tumor 2 
 
 Ulcer 1 
 
 Worms 5 
 
 Total 1,554 
 
50 
 
 Death Ketuens from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
 t' 
 
 o 
 
 '^ 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 ^ 
 
 lO 
 
 CM 
 
 -^ 
 
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 T-H 
 
 
 
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 T-H 
 
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 CM 
 
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 00 
 
 CD 
 
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 oo 
 
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 o 
 
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 05 
 
 o 
 
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 6 
 
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 hH 
 
 ^ 
 
 6 
 
 [I^ 
 
 O 
 
 UO 
 
 o 
 
 fN 
 
 CO 
 
 ■o 
 
 CD 
 
 CD 
 
 oo 
 
 CM 
 
 o 
 
 r-f 
 
 CO 
 
 S 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 CD 
 
 CO 
 
 
 , 
 
 (M 
 
 O 
 
 C-) 
 
 (>) 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 HH 
 
 ■ CM 
 
 o 
 
 lO 
 
 o 
 
 -* 
 
 CD 
 
 d 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 U3 
 
 , 
 
 m 
 
 T— I 
 
 CO 
 
 ,-H 
 
 o 
 
 .H 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 t- 
 
 <J> 
 
 ^ 
 
 UO 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -* 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 L^ 
 
 r-^ 
 
 O 
 
 ^ 
 
 <T^ 
 
 UO 
 
 t^ 
 
 CD 
 
 >o 
 
 00 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 T-H 
 
 S^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 O 
 
 US 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 , 
 
 1— ( 
 
 03 
 
 S<l 
 
 a> 
 
 o 
 
 ■M 
 
 00 
 
 05 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 ■* 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 "^ 
 
 ^~* 
 
 5<1 
 
 CM 
 
 T— t 
 
 CO 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 . 
 
 lO 
 
 CD 
 
 ira 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 C5 
 
 -* 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 •M 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 b 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 HH 
 
 I<1 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T— 
 
 . 
 
 GO 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 UO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^H 
 
 it^ 
 
 UO 
 
 o 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T— 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 (>^ 
 
 (M 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 t~ 
 
 O 
 
 T— 1 
 
 CO 
 
 fM 
 
 CO 
 
 L^ 
 
 L^ 
 
 CM 
 
 ■* 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 -^ 
 
 !SS 
 
 E3^ 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 ^H 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 [~ 
 
 (>) 
 
 o 
 
 CD 
 
 T-H 
 
 en 
 
 hH 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 (Ji 
 
 era 
 
 35 
 
 frt 
 
 s 
 
 1—* 
 
 T— 1 
 
 T— ( 
 
 •— ' 
 
 r—i 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 'M 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 
 T^l 
 
 Oi 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 hH 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 : 
 
 
 MS 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 eo 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
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 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 ^ 
 
 H 
 
 >-5 
 
 Eh 
 
 
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 g 
 
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 1-5 
 
 3 
 3 
 
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 o 
 
 H-3 
 
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 a 
 
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 p 
 
 
Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 51 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1835. 
 
 Hip, disease of ... . 3 
 
 Hanged 7 
 
 Insanity 10 
 
 Infantile diseases . . .111 
 
 Influenza 2 
 
 Inflammation, general . . 2 
 
 " of bowels . 30 
 
 " " bladder . 2 
 
 Intemperance 37 
 
 Jaundice 1 
 
 Liver, disease of ... 23 
 
 Lethargy 1 
 
 Lock jaw 1 
 
 Marasmus 31 
 
 Mortification 10 
 
 Measles 188 
 
 Old age 72 
 
 Pleurisy 13 
 
 Poison 1 
 
 Palsy 19 
 
 Quinsy - 6 
 
 Rheumatism 4 
 
 Rickets 1 
 
 Ring worm 3 
 
 Still born .95 
 
 Scurvy 2 
 
 Suicide 9 
 
 Scrofula . . .^ . . . 12 
 
 Sudden 12 
 
 Spasms 6 
 
 Syphilis 2 
 
 Scald 2 
 
 Small-pox 6 
 
 Throat distemper ... 25 
 
 Tumor 7 
 
 Teething 24 
 
 Ulcers 9 
 
 Ulcerated sore throat . . 2 
 
 Worms 6 
 
 Accidental 
 
 25 
 
 Apoplexy 
 
 19 
 
 Burns 
 
 9 
 
 Bowels, diseases of . 
 
 32 
 
 Bursting blood vessel . 
 
 8 
 
 Consumption .... 
 
 208 
 
 Cancer 
 
 9 
 
 Canker 
 
 11 
 
 Croup 
 
 32 
 
 Child-bed diseases . . 
 
 29 
 
 Cholera morbus . . . . 
 
 9 
 
 " infantum 
 
 21 
 
 Convulsions .... 
 
 45 
 
 Chicken-pox .... 
 
 1 
 
 Diseases unknown . . 
 
 88 
 
 " of brain 
 
 . 7 
 
 " of heart . 
 
 6 
 
 Drinking cold water 
 
 1 
 
 Dropsy 
 
 . 38 
 
 " of brain . . . 
 
 . 48 
 
 " " chest . . . 
 
 . 1 
 
 Dysentery .... 
 
 45 
 
 Drowned 
 
 . 16 
 
 Debility 
 
 29 
 
 Delirium tremens 
 
 4 
 
 Dyspepsia 
 
 3 
 
 Disease of glands . . 
 
 1 
 
 " " spine . . 
 
 1 
 
 Erysipelas 
 
 9 
 
 Epilepsy 
 
 2 
 
 Fevers, unknown . . 
 
 5 
 
 ' ' intermittent 
 
 4 
 
 " bilious . . . 
 
 18 
 
 " brain . . . 
 
 23 
 
 " scarlet . . . 
 
 46 
 
 " typhus . . . . 
 
 73 
 
 " inflammatory . 
 
 2 
 
 " lung .... 
 
 141 
 
 " nervous . 
 
 3 
 
 Gravel 
 
 1 
 
 Hooping cough . . . 
 
 44 
 
 Total 1,914 
 
52 
 
 Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 T— 1 
 
 CO 
 
 c- 
 
 CO 
 
 >o 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 T-4 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 1 o , 
 
 •SI'B^Ol 
 
 I— 1 
 
 T— * 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 05 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO t~ 
 T-H t- 
 
 •niog 
 
 1 «= 
 
 >o 
 
 ^H 
 
 a-. 
 
 co 
 
 o 
 
 CTS 
 
 ^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 CO 1 CM 
 
 -mis i 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■"" 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 " 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 T-H 1 CM 
 
 
 ^ |o 
 
 o 
 
 (N 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 — 
 
 o 
 
 O 1 'T 
 
 s 1° 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 c 
 
 o 
 
 ?a 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 1 CM 
 
 OSrH 
 
 ^ 1° 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 '-' 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 1 CM 
 
 S 1 " 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 -H 
 
 O 1 CO 
 
 d 
 6 
 
 00 
 
 ^•r 
 
 t— 1 
 
 " 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 IN 
 
 ^ 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 12 
 
 s 1^ 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 OCl 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 T— 
 
 '-' 
 
 ■-H 
 
 ^ 1 :^ 
 
 d 
 
 fe 1 <=^ 
 
 •* 
 
 CO 
 
 5<1 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 '-' 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 "^ l?§ 
 
 
 s 1^ 
 
 T— ( 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 ^^ 
 
 -* 1 ••* 
 
 t^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 (M 
 
 ? 
 
 Pi 1" 
 
 '^ 
 
 <M 
 
 CO 
 
 (?5 
 
 <N 
 
 T-H 
 
 ffQ 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 -CtH 
 
 T-l 1 Oi 
 
 1 CM 
 
 s ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 ■o 
 
 lO 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 ^ CM 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 ? 
 
 o 
 
 fa "^ 
 
 ■^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■^ 
 
 <^^ 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 1 -* 
 1 ■* 
 
 s " 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 T-H 
 
 (75 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 >o 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 CO 1 rt 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 ^- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 CO 
 
 d 
 
 fa <^ 
 
 o 
 
 t- 
 
 S^l 
 
 CO 
 
 <N 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 <D 
 
 Ol 
 
 '^ 
 
 CO ] 00 
 1 lO 
 
 a ^ 
 
 00 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 ■o 
 
 t^ 
 
 lO 
 
 00 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 UO 1 (M 
 
 <a< 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 •-I 
 
 1 00 
 
 o 
 
 (^ ^ 
 
 Oi 
 
 D^ 
 
 »o 
 
 -* 
 
 t^ 
 
 UO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 !M 
 
 o 
 
 t^ 1 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 1 oo 
 
 S 22 
 
 "^ 
 
 05 
 
 UO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 — 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 1 o 
 
 eo 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 1 a> 
 
 
 
 CD 
 
 CO 
 
 CC 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 T-H 
 
 Oi 
 
 03 
 
 o 
 
 ■o 
 
 « 
 
 I- 1 c^ 
 
 
 fa 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 rt 1 -H 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 T-H 
 
 . 1 05 
 
 CO 
 
 l-~ 
 
 o 
 
 c- 
 
 >o 
 
 CO 
 
 '^ 
 
 I> 
 
 ■o 
 
 OS 
 
 00 lo 
 
 « 
 
 s ! 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 C3i 
 
 4 
 
 o 
 
 fa" " 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 lO 
 
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 T-H 
 
 (N 
 
 •* 
 
 ■re 
 
 ^ 
 
 lO 
 
 " IS 
 
 s "^ 
 
 .— 1 
 
 ~cH 
 
 CO 
 
 <M 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 -* 
 
 CM 
 
 ^ 
 
 CM 
 
 (M 1 CM 
 
 iH 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 . 1 ^ 
 
 ,— 1 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
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 s^ 
 
 CO 
 
 T^ 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 ^T 
 
 ^ 1 00 
 
 o 
 
 fa 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 (M 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 U3 
 
 , 
 
 CD 
 
 CO 
 
 T— 1 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^H 
 
 lO 
 
 00 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 . 1 o 
 
 t^ 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 o 
 
 [^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 fa 1 -1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 :? 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 O 
 
 05 
 
 CO 
 
 ■«^ 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 >o 
 
 (M 
 
 -* 
 
 t>- 
 
 C^ 
 
 -H 00 
 
 
 a 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 
 
 '"' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 1> 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 lO 
 
 T— 1 
 
 ,-H 
 
 CO 
 
 UO 
 
 lO 
 
 (>4 
 
 (M 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Oi 
 
 lO CO 
 
 
 fa -^ 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 o 
 
 « 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 , 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 fM 
 
 '^l 
 
 -H 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 [~ 
 
 c~ 1 ^ 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 *— ' 
 
 IM 
 
 *— ' 
 
 
 1 m 
 1 
 
 
 , 
 
 o 
 
 L^ 
 
 00 
 
 en 
 
 T-H 
 
 00 
 
 rN 
 
 ^H 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 T^ 
 
 T-H CO 
 
 
 \^ 
 
 (M 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 -H 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 , 
 
 00 
 
 1— I 
 
 04 
 
 o 
 
 <y> 
 
 ~m 
 
 ai 
 
 lO 
 
 O 
 
 C3i 
 
 00 
 
 l-^ 05 
 
 3 
 
 T— 1 
 
 T— 1 
 
 '"' 
 
 tH 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 r- 00 
 
 o 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 »9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Gt> 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ;h 
 
 
 
 
 
 fH 
 
 
 >-, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 0) 
 
 
 a> 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 d 
 
 1-5 
 
 03 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 03 
 
 
 03 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 1-5 
 
 
 3 
 3 
 <1 
 
 s 
 
 a> 
 
 s 
 
 o 
 O 
 
 g 
 33 
 > 
 
 a 
 
 CD 
 O 
 q; 
 
 Q 
 
 
Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 53 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1836. 
 
 Apoplexy . . . 
 Accidental . . 
 Aneurism of Aorta 
 Amputation . 
 Abscess . . 
 Asthma 
 
 Blood, disease of 
 Bleeding at lungs 
 Burns . . 
 Brain, diseases of 
 Chicken-pox 
 Consumption 
 Child-bed . 
 Convulsions 
 Croup . . 
 Cancer . 
 Canker . 
 
 " rash 
 Cholera morbus 
 
 " infantum 
 Dropsy 
 
 " of brain 
 Delirium tremens 
 Debility . 
 Drowned . . 
 Decline . . 
 Dropsy in chest 
 '• " heart 
 Diarrhea . 
 Dysentery 
 Dyspepsia . 
 Diabetes . 
 Erysipelas . 
 Fevers, unknown 
 
 " nervous . 
 
 ' ' intermitted 
 
 " inflammatory 
 
 ' ' rheumatic 
 
 " lung . 
 
 ' ' bilious . 
 
 " scarlet . 
 
 " typhus . 
 
 " brain . 
 Fracture of skull 
 Gravel .... 
 G-lauds, disease of 
 Gout .... 
 Hooping cough . 
 Heart disease . 
 Hanged 
 
 19 
 
 31 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 11 
 
 3 
 
 8 
 
 11 
 
 1 
 
 233 
 
 23 
 
 42 
 
 28 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 23 
 
 35 
 
 68 
 
 5 
 
 11 
 
 17 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 32 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 81 
 
 7 
 
 16 
 
 47 
 
 17 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 17 
 
 13 
 
 2 
 
 Hives 3 
 
 Hip, disease of ... . 1 
 Infantile diseases . . .176 
 
 Insanity 4 
 
 Intemperance 41 
 
 Inflammation 
 
 of lungs . 
 " bowels 
 " throat . 
 ' ' brain . 
 " bladder 
 
 1 
 18 
 3o 
 I 
 5 
 .1 
 2 
 1 
 1 
 13 
 
 Influenza 
 
 Jaundice 
 
 Kidney, disease of . 
 Liver " " . . 
 
 Lock jaw 2 
 
 Measles 31 
 
 Murdered ... . . 3 
 
 Marasmus 11 
 
 Mortification 6 
 
 Old age 82 
 
 Pleurisy 14 
 
 Palsy 11 
 
 Piles 1 
 
 Quinsy 5 
 
 Rash 
 
 1 
 
 Rupture of vessel . . 
 
 1 
 
 Scald 
 
 2 
 
 Spasms 
 
 . 8 
 
 Spine, disease of . . 
 
 . 4 
 
 Still born 
 
 . 122 
 
 Scrofula 
 
 . 9 
 
 Sudden 
 
 . 12 
 
 Suicide 
 
 . 13 
 
 Small pox 
 
 . 5 
 
 Stricture 
 
 1 
 
 Stone 
 
 1 
 
 Suffocation . . . . 
 
 . 2 
 
 Stomach, disease of 
 
 . 3 
 
 Teething 
 
 . 45 
 
 Tumor 
 
 1 
 
 Throat distemper . . 
 
 . 11 
 
 Uterus, disease of . 
 TTl fpr 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 . 85 
 
 Unknown diseases . . 
 
 Worms 
 
 . 7 
 1 
 1 
 
 White swelling . . . 
 
 Total 1,770 
 
54 
 
 Death Eeturns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 ,^ 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 03 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 •SIBIOI 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 lO 
 
 -* 
 
 (M 
 
 •<91 
 
 O 
 
 03 
 
 ■"S" 
 
 o 
 
 -* 
 
 ^ 
 
 1— ( 
 
 1—1 
 
 T— ( 
 
 rH 
 
 tH 
 
 ^H 
 
 T-H 
 
 !N 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 OO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 tH 
 
 a 1 Eil 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 <N 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 UO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 S' 
 
 I— 1 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 (N 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 l-H 
 
 00 
 
 •Tiioa 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 -^ 
 
 00 
 
 tN 
 
 '^ 
 
 ■o 
 
 r~i 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 -ims 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 1-H 
 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 ii 
 
 Ph 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 l-H 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 03 
 
 S 
 
 o 
 
 ^H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 6 
 
 00 
 
 c4 
 
 ITd 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
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 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 tM 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 S 
 
 1-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 1—1 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 5M 
 
 T-H 
 
 6 
 
 00 
 
 P^ 
 
 QO 
 
 T— 1 
 
 CM 
 
 tM 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 (N 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
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 CO 
 
 d> 
 
 ; 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
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 T-H 
 
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 T-H 
 
 o 
 
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 T-H 
 
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 t^ ■ Bi 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 o 
 
 f^ 
 
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 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
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 1— < 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 05 
 
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 00 
 
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 g 
 
 p^ 
 
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 03 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 CO 
 
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 CO 
 
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 5<I 
 
 s 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
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 CO 
 
 00 
 
 uO 
 
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 c^ 
 
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 <M 
 
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 b 
 
 A 
 
 fe 
 
 00 
 
 L^ 
 
 C3 
 
 03 
 
 o 
 
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 ":*< 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 <^^ 
 
 CD 
 
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 33 
 
 CO 
 
 r-i 
 
 t^ 
 
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 CO 
 
 ■o 
 
 CO 
 
 r- 
 
 C<1 
 
 T-H 
 
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 '— ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 00 
 
 
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 c^ 
 
 lO 
 
 -* 
 
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 t^ 
 
 t^ 
 
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 03 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^H 
 
 t>- 
 
 ? 
 
 \^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 00 
 
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 00 
 
 00 
 
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 05 
 
 00 
 
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 l-H 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
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 3 
 
 
 
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 c~ 
 
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 00 
 
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 00 
 
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 o 
 
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 [- 
 
 00 
 
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 1 — 1 
 
 
 l-H 
 
 
 — ^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 , 
 
 CO 
 
 l>- 
 
 lO 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
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 CO 
 
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 CO 
 
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 00 
 
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 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 1-H 
 
 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 -* 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 in 
 
 00 
 
 T-H 
 
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 03 
 
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 T-H 
 
 6 
 
 1-1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 <M 
 
 UO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 
 d 
 
 rH 
 
 f^ 
 
 3^ 
 
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 <N 
 
 T-H 
 
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 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
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 -* 
 
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 03 
 
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 T-1 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 . 
 
 00 
 
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 00 
 
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 00 
 
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 03 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 00 
 
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 00 
 
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 00 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 03 
 
 T-H 
 
 03 
 
 CO 
 
 
 tH 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 T-H 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 o 
 
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 . 
 
 c- 
 
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 CO 
 
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 (>^ 
 
 CO 
 
 >o 
 
 t- 
 
 CO 
 
 c~ 
 
 00 
 
 03 
 
 00 
 
 
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 T-H 
 
 
 
 
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 ss 
 
 , 
 
 •— 1 
 
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 CO 
 
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 oc 
 
 C-5 
 
 CO 
 
 G3 
 
 T-H 
 
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 o 
 
 00 
 
 
 \^ 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 1 — 1 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 1 — 1 
 
 <N 
 
 <M 
 
 T— 1 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 CO 
 
 ts as 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 . 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 'i" 
 
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 o 
 
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 04 
 
 T-H 
 
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 -^ 
 
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 T-H 
 
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 ^^ 
 
 
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Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 55 
 
 Diseases and Causes op Death in Boston in 1837. 
 
 Accidental . . 
 Abscess . . . 
 
 " in brain . 
 
 " " pleura 
 
 " " lumbar 
 Aneurism . 
 Angina pectoris 
 Apoplexy . 
 Asthma 
 
 Brain, diseases of 
 Burns . . . 
 Cachexy . . 
 Cancer . . . 
 Catarrh . . 
 Child-bed . . 
 Cholera 
 
 " infantum 
 Colic . . . 
 Consumption . 
 Convulsions . 
 Croup . . . 
 Delirium tremens 
 Diabetes . . 
 Diarrhea . 
 Diseases unknown 
 Dropsy . 
 
 " in head 
 
 " " chest 
 
 " " abdomen 
 Drowned . 
 Dysentery . . 
 " acute 
 Dyspepsy . . 
 Erysipelas . . 
 Feebleness at birth 
 Fever, intermittent 
 " inflammatory 
 " typhus 
 ' ' gastric 
 " puerperal 
 Gangrene . 
 Haemorrhage . 
 
 " from lungs 
 " " uterus 
 Heart, diseases of . . 
 Hernia 
 
 13 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 31 
 
 2 
 
 15 
 
 12 
 
 15 
 
 14 
 
 1 
 
 18 
 
 10 
 
 70 
 
 10 
 
 212 
 
 52 
 
 44 
 
 11 
 
 2 
 
 11 
 
 269 
 
 42 
 
 59 
 
 9 
 
 2 
 
 23 
 
 33 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 31 
 
 62 
 
 3 
 
 I 
 
 11 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 24 
 
 1 
 
 Hooping cough . . . . 19 
 
 Infantile diseases ... 59 
 
 Inflammation 4 
 
 " of brain . . 23 
 
 " " heart . . 2 
 " " pericardium 2 
 
 " " larynx . . 3 
 
 " " lungs . . 114 
 
 " " pleura . . 18 
 
 •' " peritonium, 1 
 
 '■ " stomach . 4 
 
 " " bowels . 41 
 
 " " liver . . 8 
 
 " " kidney . . 1 
 
 " " bladder . 1 
 
 " " uterus . . 2 
 
 Influenza 15 
 
 Intoxication 17 
 
 Jaundice 1 
 
 Marasmus 17 
 
 Neuralgia 4 
 
 01(1 age 69 
 
 Palsy 13 
 
 Rheumatism 3 
 
 Scarletina 39 
 
 Scirrhous of the stomach . 1 
 
 Measles 23 
 
 Scrofula 13 
 
 Small pox 13 
 
 Sore throat 10 
 
 " ulcerated .... 1 
 
 Spine, disease of ... 9 
 
 Stillborn 100 
 
 Suicide 10 
 
 Syphilis 4 
 
 Teething 22 
 
 Tumor of brain .... 2 
 
 " " glands ... 1 
 
 " " ovarium ... 1 
 
 " " lungs .... 1 
 
 Ulcer 3 
 
 Uterus, rupture of . . . 1 
 
 Worms 4 
 
 Wounds 1 
 
 Total 1,848 
 
56 
 
 Death Eetuens from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Death Returns feom 1810 to 1850. 
 
 57 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1838. 
 
 Accidental 
 Abscess . . . 
 Apoplexy . . . 
 Asthma . . . 
 Brain, diseases of 
 Burns .... 
 Cachexy . 
 Cancer .... 
 
 " of uterus . 
 
 " " breast . 
 Catarrh . . . 
 Child-bed . . .' 
 Cholera morbus . 
 Cholera infantum 
 Colic .... 
 Consumption . 
 Convulsions . 
 Croup .... 
 Delirium tremens 
 Diabetes . . . 
 Diseases unknown 
 Drowned . . . 
 Drinking cold water 
 Dropsy 
 
 " of head . 
 
 " " heart . 
 
 " " chest . 
 
 " " abdomen 
 
 " " ovarium 
 Dysentery . 
 Erysipelas . . 
 Epilepsy . . . 
 Feebleness at birth 
 Fevers, unknown 
 
 " inflamitary 
 
 " typhus . 
 
 ' ' gastric . 
 
 " puerperal 
 Fracture . 
 Gangrene . . . 
 Gout .... 
 Haemorrhage . 
 
 " of stomach 
 
 " " lungs 
 
 " " uterus 
 
 Heart, diseases of . 
 
 16 
 
 5 
 
 19 
 
 2 
 
 20 
 
 19 
 
 10 
 
 7 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 19 
 
 9 
 
 52 
 
 2 
 
 256 
 
 60 
 
 44 
 
 10 
 
 1 
 
 182 
 
 19 
 
 3 
 
 22 
 
 67 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 65 
 
 17 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 42 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 23 
 
 Hernia 
 
 , 
 
 
 3 
 
 Hip, disease of . 
 
 . . 5 
 
 Hooping cough . 
 Infantile diseases 
 
 . 28 
 . . 112 
 
 Inflammation . . . 
 
 . . 28 
 
 " of brain 
 
 . 25 
 
 " " perica 
 diun 
 
 r- 
 
 i . 3 
 
 " " larynx 
 " " lungs 
 
 1 
 . . 113 
 
 " " pleura 
 
 . 10 
 
 " " stomac 
 
 h . 4 
 
 " " bowels 
 
 . 54 
 
 " liver 
 
 5 
 
 " " bladde 
 
 r . 1 
 
 Influenza .... 
 
 . 2 
 
 Intoxication 
 
 
 - 
 
 . 24 
 
 Introsusceptio 
 Jaundice . 
 
 n . 
 
 
 1 
 4 
 
 Lightning . 
 
 
 
 . . 1 
 
 Marasmus 
 
 
 
 . 44 
 
 Malformation 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Measles 
 
 
 
 . 20 
 
 Old age 
 Poison . . 
 
 
 
 . 65 
 . 4 
 
 Palsy . . 
 Rheumatism 
 
 
 
 7 
 6 
 
 S carle tin a . 
 
 
 
 . 91 
 
 Scirrhus . 
 
 
 
 . 5 
 
 Scald . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Scrofula 
 
 
 
 . 6 
 
 Small-pox . 
 Sore throat 
 
 
 
 . 3 
 . 15 
 
 Spine disease 
 
 
 
 . 3 
 
 Still born . 
 
 
 
 . 121 
 
 Suicide . . 
 
 
 
 . 8 
 
 Sudden . . 
 
 
 
 . 13 
 
 Syphilis 
 Teething . 
 
 
 
 . 2 
 . 30 
 
 Tumor . . . 
 
 
 
 . 3 
 
 Ulcer of stomach 
 
 
 1 
 
 " " uterus . 
 
 
 1 
 
 Worms 
 
 
 . 3 
 
 Wounds . . . 
 
 
 . 5 
 
 Total . . 
 
 
 
 1,920 
 
58 
 
 Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 1 
 
 r-H 
 
 Oi 
 
 00 
 
 ■* 
 
 32 
 
 to 
 
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 t- 
 
 CO 
 
 c- 
 
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 to 
 
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 53 
 
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 o 
 
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 a 
 8 
 
 o 
 
 
Death Eeturns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 59 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1839. 
 
 Apoplexy 
 
 
 , 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 Fracture of skull 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Accidental 
 
 
 
 16 
 4 
 
 Gravel .... 
 
 
 1 
 
 Abscess . . . 
 
 Hooping-cough . 
 
 
 34 
 
 " of liver . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Heart, diseases of 
 
 
 29 
 
 " " brain 
 
 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 Hives .... 
 
 
 1 
 
 " " lumbar 
 
 Hajujorrhage . . 
 
 
 5 
 
 Asthma . . - . 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 Inflammation 
 
 
 1 
 
 Bowels, disease of 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 " of lungs . 
 
 18 
 
 Burns 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 " bowels 
 
 50 
 
 Brain, diseases . 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 " throat . 
 
 1 
 
 Bleeding at lungs 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 " " brain . 
 
 11 
 
 Chicken pox . 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 " " stomach 
 
 11 
 
 Consumption . 
 
 
 
 222 
 
 " " larynx . 
 
 1 
 
 Catarrh . . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Introsusception . 
 
 1 
 
 Child-bed . . . 
 
 
 
 17 
 
 Infantile diseases 
 
 
 88 
 
 Colic .... 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 Insanity 
 
 
 3 
 
 Convulsions . . 
 
 
 
 37 
 
 Intemperance . 
 
 
 
 30 
 
 Croup .... 
 
 
 
 46 
 
 Jaundice . . 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Cancer . . . 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 Liver, disease of 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 " of breast . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Lock-jaw . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Canker , . . . 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 Measles . . 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 " rash . . 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Murdered . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Cholera morbus . 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 Marasmus . . 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 " infantum 
 
 
 
 36 
 
 Mortification . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Dropsy .... 
 
 
 
 28 
 
 Old age . . 
 
 
 
 53 
 
 " of chest . 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Pleurisy . . 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 " " brain . 
 
 
 
 56 
 
 Palsy . . . 
 
 
 
 14 
 
 Delirium tremens 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 Poison by paint 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Debility . . - 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 Ouinsv . 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Drowned 
 
 
 
 
 
 30 
 
 Ruptured vessel 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Decline 
 
 
 
 
 
 14 
 
 Scalded . . 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Dyspepsia 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Spasms . . 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 Diarrhea 
 
 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 Spine diseases 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 Dysentery 
 
 
 
 
 
 30 
 
 Still born . . 
 
 
 
 141 
 
 Epilepsy 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Syphilis . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Erysipelas 
 
 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 Scrofula 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 Fevers, unknown 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Sudden . . 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 " puerperal 
 " nervous . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Suicide . 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Small-pox . . 
 
 
 
 58 
 
 " intermittent 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Teething . . 
 
 
 
 29 
 
 ' ' inflammatory 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Tumor . . . 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 " rheumatic 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Throat distemper 
 
 
 6 
 
 lung . . 
 
 
 
 82 
 
 Uterus, diseases of 
 
 
 1 
 
 " bilious 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 Unknown diseases 
 
 
 129 
 
 " scarlet 
 
 
 
 212 
 10 
 
 Worms .... 
 
 
 9 
 
 " brain . 
 
 White swelling . 
 
 
 4 
 
 ' ' typhus . 
 
 
 
 46 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 Fracture ot 
 
 leg 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Total . . 
 
 
 . 
 
 1,863 
 
60 
 
 Death Rettjrns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
 oo 
 
 lO 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 o> 
 
 ^ 
 
 t> 
 
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 CO 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 S<I 
 
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 T-H 
 
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 T-H 
 
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 T-H 
 
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 T-H 
 
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 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
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 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
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 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 ca 
 
 o 
 
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 O 
 
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 o 
 
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 •3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 ^H 
 
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 T-H 
 
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 c^ 
 
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 T-H 
 
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 T-H 
 
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 6 
 
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 6 
 
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 -^ 
 
 (N 
 
 '-' 
 
 I^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 (M 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
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 •M 
 
 o 
 
 [i< 
 
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 lO 
 
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 ^ 
 
 IM 
 
 lO 
 
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 o 
 
 (M 
 
 T 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 iQ 
 
 -* 
 
 eo 
 
 CO 
 
 c^^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 <M 
 
 (N 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 tD 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 6 
 
 fe 
 
 Tfl 
 
 >o 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 '^l 
 
 ^ 
 
 (M 
 
 oo 
 
 t^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 s 
 
 >o 
 
 00 
 
 t~ 
 
 iO 
 
 <M 
 
 IM 
 
 >o 
 
 Tf 
 
 (N 
 
 00 
 
 t>T 
 
 ^ 
 
 05 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 d 
 
 fe 
 
 1:^ 
 
 >o 
 
 >o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 05 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 -*' 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 "O 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 'N 
 
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 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 
 
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 T-H 
 
 l> 
 
 03 
 
 1.^ 
 
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 6 
 
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 T— t 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
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 05 
 
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 >o 
 
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 T-H 
 
 00 
 
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 M 
 
 <M 
 
 
 
 
 
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 T-H 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
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 ^ 
 
 
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 -* 
 
 en 
 
 l^ 
 
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 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 t~ 
 
 CO 
 
 O 
 
 b< 
 
 T— I 
 
 1— 1 
 
 
 
 r-t 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 03 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 CO 
 
 [^ 
 
 03 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 l- 
 
 c^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 t- 
 
 (N 
 
 « B 
 
 f-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 02 
 
 - 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 -*l 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■* 
 
 <N 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 t- 
 
 t^ 
 
 6 
 
 U4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 >Q 
 
 ■ 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 T— f 
 
 C3 
 
 '*' 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 "O 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 ^ 
 
 t~ 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -T*! 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 (N 
 
 ■* 
 
 ^ 
 
 <M 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 O 
 
 05 
 
 o 
 
 >c 
 
 d 
 
 r-C 
 
 Pm 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 eo 
 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 1— t 
 
 t^ 
 
 (M 
 
 •o 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 t~ 
 
 
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 / 
 
 
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 >o 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 T— 1 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 00 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 PM 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 W 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 QC 
 
 o 
 
 c- 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 t^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 S 
 
 
 T— « 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ol 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 T— ( 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 CD 
 
 ■o 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 Tf 
 
 t~ 
 
 00 
 
 
 !^ 
 
 
 tH 
 
 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 (N 
 
 (M 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 
 (N 
 
 ? 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 00 
 
 ^ 
 
 c^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 y—i 
 
 o 
 
 t~ 
 
 T-H 
 
 lO 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 50 
 
 CO 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 
 —1 
 
 
 
 (M 
 
 05 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 t~ 
 
 T-H 
 
 lO 
 
 T-H 
 
 a> 
 
 o 
 
 ^H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 fu 
 
 tH 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 tH 
 
 
 '"' 
 
 '"' 
 
 CO 
 
 Oi 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 '"' 
 
 T-H 
 
 , 
 
 CO 
 
 ■* 
 
 -^ 
 
 o 
 
 Oi 
 
 L^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CTl 
 
 (M 
 
 CT3 
 
 T—i 
 
 CO 
 
 -# 
 
 ^^ 
 
 S 
 
 tH 
 
 (M 
 
 (M 
 
 1— ( 
 
 
 
 !M 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 (M 
 
 d 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 . 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 . 
 
 
 ■* 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 u 
 
 
 
 
 
 GO 
 
 >^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 GO 
 
 B 
 
 bo 
 
 3 
 < 
 
 a 
 
 03 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 Q 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 a 
 
 OS 
 
 »-5 
 
 
 o 
 
 03 
 
 r3 
 
 < 
 
 ^ 
 
 s 
 
 a 
 
 ►-5 
 
 >> 
 
 1 
 
 O 
 
 1 
 
 
Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 61 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1840. 
 
 Apoplexy . 
 Accidental 
 
 
 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 Abscess 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Asthma 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Bowels, disease of 
 
 
 
 26 
 
 Burns .... 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 Brain, disease of 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 Consumption . . 
 Child-bed . . . 
 
 
 
 240 
 22 
 
 Colic .... 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Convulsions . . 
 
 
 
 58 
 
 Croup .... 
 Cancer 
 
 
 
 38 
 14 
 
 " of breast 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Canker .... 
 
 
 
 16 
 
 " rash . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Cholera morbus . 
 
 
 
 . 8 
 
 " infantum 
 
 
 
 . 47 
 
 Coxalgia . . . 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Dropsy . . . 
 Drinking cold wate 
 
 r 
 
 
 . 38 
 . 2 
 
 Dropsy of chest . 
 " " brain . 
 
 
 
 . 6 
 . 56 
 
 Delirium tremens 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 Debility . 
 Drowned . 
 
 
 
 
 15 
 20 
 
 Decline 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Dyspepsia . 
 Diarrhea . 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 12 
 
 Dysentery 
 Epilepsy . 
 Erysipelas 
 Fevers, unkno 
 
 wn 
 
 
 
 58 
 1 
 9 
 4 
 
 " nervous . 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 " inflammatory 
 ' ' rheumatic 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 " lung . . 
 
 
 
 107 
 
 ' ' bilious 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 " scarlet 
 
 
 
 57 
 
 " brain . . . 
 
 
 
 18 
 
 " typhus 
 Gout .... 
 
 
 
 69 
 1 
 
 Hooping cougl 
 
 1 . 
 
 
 
 70 
 
 Heart, disease of ... 15 
 
 Hives 1 
 
 Haemorrhage 6 
 
 Inflammation of lungs . . 28 
 
 " " bowels . 40 
 
 " " brain . . 13 
 
 " " stomach . 2 
 
 " " larynx . 2 
 Infantile diseases . . .116 
 
 Insanity 1 
 
 Intemperance 35 
 
 Jaundice 5 
 
 Liver, disease of ... 11 
 
 Lock-jaw 3 
 
 Kidney, disease of . . . 1 
 
 Marasmus 20 
 
 Mortification . ... 4 
 
 Old age 64 
 
 Pleurisy 7 
 
 Palsy 13 
 
 Poison "6 
 
 Quinsy 5 
 
 Eupture of vessel ... 3 
 
 Spasms 2 
 
 Measles 1 
 
 Spine, disease of . . . 1 
 
 Still born 131 
 
 Syphilis 1 
 
 Scrofula 7 
 
 Scurvy 2 
 
 Suicide 11 
 
 Small pox ...... 115 
 
 Teething 33 
 
 Tumor 8 
 
 Throat distemper ... 2 
 
 Uterus, disease of . . . 2 
 
 Unknown diseases ... 86 
 
 Ulcers 3 
 
 Worms 5 
 
 Total 1,972 
 
62 
 
 Death Returns from IblO to 18.50. 
 
 
 
 (N 
 
 O 
 
 t-* 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 -F 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 so 
 
 CD 
 
 i^ 
 
 05 
 
 •SIB^OI 
 
 CO 
 
 <N 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 CJ3 
 
 00 
 
 T— 1 
 
 -Jf 
 
 i^ 
 
 rH 
 
 rH 
 
 •njog 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 oq 
 
 ,-H 
 
 lO 
 
 •O 
 
 (M 
 
 » 
 
 <M 
 
 SO 
 
 :?-. 
 
 CO 
 
 -tins 
 
 ' ' 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ~ 
 
 ^H 
 
 I-H 
 
 ■"" 
 
 ^^ 
 
 '"' 
 
 ^■^ 
 
 
 
 
 p 
 
 [i4 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 - 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 C^' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 @' 
 
 ^^ 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 '- 
 
 <N 
 
 (M 
 
 ^H 
 
 SO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 C3 
 
 a 
 
 fe 
 
 ^H 
 
 T— I 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 .— < 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 " 
 
 -* 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 = 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ff^ 
 
 d 
 
 Pu 
 
 " 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 OO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 1— t 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 T— , 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 t~ 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-~t 
 
 1 
 
 o 
 
 Pm 
 
 3^ 
 
 1-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 tH 
 
 lO 
 
 10 
 
 so 
 
 02 
 
 CO 
 
 S 
 
 <M 
 
 CO 
 
 rH 
 
 1— 1 
 
 r-i 
 
 (M 
 
 ,— , 
 
 (N 
 
 T— ( 
 
 CO 
 
 so 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 t- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 A 
 
 e4 
 
 '^ 
 
 — 
 
 o 
 
 1—* 
 
 -* 
 
 ^ 
 
 so 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 l^ 
 
 CO 
 
 S 
 
 <N 
 
 ■* 
 
 o 
 
 (N 
 
 t' 
 
 <M 
 
 <M 
 
 rH 
 
 CO 
 
 •<«< 
 
 so 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 to 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 f 
 
 Pb 
 
 ^ 
 
 (M 
 
 ■o 
 
 CO 
 
 'Sf 
 
 (?Q 
 
 CO 
 
 03 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 rH 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 • 
 
 ff^ 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 !<) 
 
 o 
 
 T— I 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 so 
 
 — 
 
 « K 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 d 
 6 
 
 t^ 
 
 00 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 '^l 
 
 '^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 SO 
 
 iO 
 
 
 
 ■* 
 
 s. 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 ,r^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 L^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 T^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 <y> 
 
 d 
 
 f^ 
 
 CO 
 
 en 
 
 (M 
 
 C3^ 
 
 N 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 c^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 •35 
 
 ^ 
 
 CJ5 
 
 s 
 
 CO 
 
 L-^ 
 
 UO 
 
 ^H 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 T— 1 
 
 05 
 
 c^ 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 rH 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1—1 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 »— I 
 
 
 r^ 
 
 Cji 
 
 . 
 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 so 
 
 o 
 
 lO 
 
 T— 1 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 >o 
 
 CO 
 
 M 
 
 S 
 
 \^ 
 
 
 1—1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 T— I 
 
 
 
 T—t 
 
 s 
 
 o 
 
 en 
 
 CO 
 
 O 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 L^ 
 
 [- 
 
 03 
 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 10 
 
 lO 
 
 
 6 
 
 1^ 
 
 ■^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 uO 
 
 '-' 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 , 
 
 CO 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 (M 
 
 <N 
 
 CN 
 
 1—1 
 
 -* 
 
 "* 
 
 so 
 
 ^ 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 (M 
 
 ^H 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 r—t 
 
 ^H 
 
 Tjt 
 
 1—1 
 
 r^ 
 
 -* 
 
 UO 
 
 CO 
 
 d 
 
 ta 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 so 
 
 i-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 (M 
 
 rH 
 
 ■* 
 
 CO 
 
 -cp 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 so 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 •* 
 
 S<1 
 
 tH 
 
 o 
 
 X 
 
 :^ 
 
 CO 
 
 05 
 
 uO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 
 
 tu 
 
 
 
 T— 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 y—* 
 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 I^ 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 c~ 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 ,— J 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 '"' 
 
 
 1— ( 
 
 
 ^" 
 
 
 
 1 . 
 
 t^ 
 
 [- 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■n 
 
 CO 
 
 tN 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 C3 
 
 ^H 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 bb 
 
 
 
 
 1-H 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 
 T— ( 
 
 1 — 1 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 , 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 ~^ 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 rH 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 '"^ 
 
 
 
 SO 
 
 so 
 
 
 
 
 tH 
 
 
 
 <M 
 
 T-H 
 
 t^ 
 
 ~ 
 
 (M 
 
 — 
 
 t^ 
 
 so 
 
 C-. 
 
 50 
 
 so 
 
 X 
 
 
 
 
 F^ 
 
 ^H 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 
 T^ 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 >o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 
 W 
 
 '^ 
 
 -T 
 
 T^ 
 
 CO 
 
 1— ( 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ,—1 
 
 ^H 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 SO 
 
 s 
 
 •^ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 '"' 
 
 -H 
 
 '^ 
 
 ^H 
 
 T— ( 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 SO 
 
 T—i 
 
 rH 
 
 so 
 
 rH 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 ■* 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 OO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 !-i 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 1-H 
 
 
 >.^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ,Q 
 
 
 a> 
 
 O) 
 
 
 
 >1 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 L-i 
 
 ,c 
 
 s 
 
 a; 
 
 Q 
 
 
 
 
 1-5 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 03 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 1-5 
 
 ■3 
 
 
 M3 
 
 rS 
 
 -r3 
 
 
 S 
 
 
Death Retukns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 63 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1841. 
 
 Apoplexy . . 
 Accidental 
 Abscess . . 
 Brain, disease of 
 Bronchitis 
 Bleeding at lungi 
 Burns . . . 
 Consumption . 
 Child-bed . . 
 Colic, bilious . 
 Convulsions . 
 Croup . . . 
 Cancer . 
 Catarrh 
 Canker . . . 
 Cholera morbus 
 
 " infantum 
 Dropsy 
 
 " of brain 
 Delirium tremens 
 Debility . . 
 Drowned . 
 Dropsy of chest 
 Dropsy of heart 
 Diarrhea . 
 Dysentery 
 Dyspepsia . 
 Diabetes . . 
 Erysipelas . . 
 Fevers, unknown 
 
 " inflammatory 
 
 " rheumatic 
 
 " lung . 
 
 " bilious 
 
 ' ' scarlet 
 
 " typhus 
 
 " brain . 
 Fracture of thigh 
 '' '' knee 
 Gout .... 
 Hooping cough . 
 Heart, disease of 
 
 11 
 
 14 
 
 3 
 
 8 
 
 16 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 2o6 
 
 20 
 
 1 
 
 01 
 
 61 
 
 11 
 
 1 
 
 18 
 
 6 
 
 24 
 
 39 
 
 53 
 
 5 
 
 30 
 
 15 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 21 
 
 54 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 13 
 
 28 
 
 4 
 
 84 
 
 5 
 
 87 
 
 45 
 
 7 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 37 
 
 28 
 
 Hip, disease of . 
 
 Jaundice .... 
 
 Influenza .... 
 
 Infantile diseases 
 
 Insanity 
 
 Intemperance . 
 
 Inflammation . 
 
 " of lungs 
 
 " " bowels 
 
 " " throat 
 
 '' " brain 
 
 " " bladder 
 
 " " stomach 
 
 Kidney, disease of 
 
 Liver, " " 
 
 Lethargy . 
 
 Measles 
 
 Murdered . 
 
 Marasmus 
 
 Mortification 
 
 Old age 
 
 Pleurisy 
 
 Palsy . . 
 
 Quinsy . . 
 
 Eupture of blood 
 
 Scalds . . 
 
 Spasm s 
 
 Spine, disease of 
 
 Still-born . . 
 
 Scrofula 
 
 Sudden 
 
 Suicide . . 
 
 Small-pox . 
 
 Teething . 
 
 Tumor 
 
 Throat distemper 
 
 Ulcers . 
 
 Unljnown diseases 
 
 "Worms . 
 
 Total 1.91 
 
 vessel 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 108 
 
 2 
 24 
 
 1 
 22 
 83 
 
 3 
 11 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 11 
 
 1 
 87 
 
 1 
 26 
 
 3 
 55 
 
 12 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 5 
 
 136 
 
 12 
 
 10 
 
 9 
 
 57 
 
 32 
 
 11 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 69 
 
 5 
 
64 
 
 Death Returns fkom 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
 o> 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CQ 
 
 (M 
 
 t^ 
 
 (M 
 
 CTS 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 ■* 
 
 CO 
 
 •SfBlOI 
 
 tH 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 C^ 
 
 OJ 
 
 CO 
 
 
 l^ 
 
 l^ 
 
 00 
 
 (M 
 
 (M 
 
 ;m 
 
 CN 
 
 'M 
 
 (N 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 C<1 
 
 (M 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 ■* 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 'M 
 
 ■njog 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 l-^ 
 
 00 
 
 en 
 
 Ol 
 
 ^ 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 CD 
 
 ■ims 
 
 
 
 T-* 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 '^ 
 
 T— < 
 
 CO 
 
 a 
 
 fa 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 -" 
 
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Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 65 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1842. 
 
 Apoplexy . . . . 
 
 
 
 26 
 
 Accidental . . 
 
 
 
 24 
 
 Abscess . . . 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Bowels, disease of 
 
 
 
 30 
 
 Burns .... 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 Brain, disease of 
 
 
 
 17 
 
 Bleeding at lungs 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Chicken-pox . 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Consumption . . 
 
 
 
 307 
 
 Cliildbed . . . 
 
 
 
 48 
 
 Convulsions . 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 Croup .... 
 
 
 
 55 
 
 Cancer .... 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 Canker 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 " rash . . 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 Cholera morbus . 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 " infantum 
 
 
 
 . 84 
 
 Dropsy .... 
 
 
 
 42 
 
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 74 
 
 Delirium tremens 
 
 
 
 .5 
 
 Debility . . . 
 
 
 
 39 
 
 Drowned . . . 
 
 
 
 28 
 
 Decline 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 Drinking cold water 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Dropsy on chest . 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 Diarrhoea . 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 Dysentery . . . 
 
 
 
 17 
 
 Dyspepsia . . 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Erysipelas 
 
 
 
 31 
 
 Epilepsy . 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Fever, unknown . 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 " nervous . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 " intermittent 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 ' ' rheumatic 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 " lung . . 
 
 
 
 139 
 
 " bilious 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 " scarlet 
 
 
 
 248 
 
 " typhus 
 
 
 
 65 
 
 " brain . . . 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 " inflammatory 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Gravel .... 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Hooping-cough . 
 
 
 
 23 
 
 Heart, disease of 
 
 
 
 42 
 
 Hip, disease of ... . 1 
 
 Infantile diseases . . . 162 
 
 Insanity 3 
 
 Intemperance .... 34 
 
 Inflammation .... 4 
 
 " of lungs . . 42 
 
 " " bowels . 61 
 
 '• " brain . . 13 
 
 " " throat . . 8 
 
 " " stomach . 1 
 
 Influenzy 3 
 
 Jaundice 4 
 
 Kidney, disease of . . . 1 
 
 Knee, " " . . . 1 
 
 Liver, " "... 16 
 
 Measles 23 
 
 Marasmus 43 
 
 Mortification 7 
 
 Old age 64 
 
 Pleurisy 17 
 
 Palsy 20 
 
 Purpura hsemorrhagiea . . 1 
 
 Quinsy 1 
 
 Rupture of blood-vessel . 61 
 
 Scald 2 
 
 Spasms 42 
 
 Spine, disease of . . . 3 
 
 Stillborn 166 
 
 Scrofula 15 
 
 Sudden 15 
 
 Suicide 5 
 
 Small-pox 40 
 
 Stomach, disease of . . 8 
 
 Teething 54 
 
 Tic doloreau 1 
 
 Tumor 12 
 
 Throat distemper . . .16 
 
 Uterus, disease of . . . 1 
 
 Ulcer 7 
 
 Unknown 63 
 
 Worms 5 
 
 Total 2,426 
 
66 
 
 Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
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Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 67 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1843. 
 
 Asthma 
 
 3 
 
 Accidental .... 
 
 11 
 
 Apoplexy 
 
 Abscess 
 
 16 
 4 
 
 " of brain . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Angina pectoris . 
 Bronchitis 
 
 1 
 6 
 
 Bowels, diseases of . 
 
 65 
 
 Brain, " " . . 
 
 20 
 
 Burns 
 
 8 
 
 Chicken-pox .... 
 Consumption . . . 
 Child-bed diseases . 
 
 2 
 
 249 
 
 42 
 
 Convulsions .... 
 
 50 
 
 Croup .... 
 Colic 
 
 52 
 1 
 
 " bilious . . 
 
 4 
 
 Canker 
 
 23 
 
 Cancer 
 
 . 11 
 
 " of uterus. . . 
 
 2 
 
 " " stomach . 
 
 . 1 
 
 Cholera infantum . . 
 
 55 
 
 " morbus . . . 
 
 2 
 
 Debility 
 
 Diseases unknown . . 
 
 36 
 46 
 
 Drowned 
 
 26 
 
 Delirium tremens 
 
 2 
 
 Dropsy 
 
 " of brain . 
 
 35 
 
 85 
 
 " " chest . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Dysentery ... 
 
 Epilepsy 
 
 Erysipelas 
 
 Fevers, unknown 
 
 31 
 2 
 
 27 
 3 
 
 " typhus . . . 
 " bilious . . . 
 
 -72 
 4 
 
 " brain .... 
 
 10 
 
 " nervous . . 
 
 2 
 
 " lung .... 
 
 108 
 
 " scarlet . . . 
 
 42 
 
 " rheumatic . 
 
 6 
 
 ' ' inflammatory . 
 Gravel 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 Hooping cough . . . 
 Heart, diseases of . . 
 
 54 
 34 
 
 Hemorrhage .... 
 
 14 
 
 Hernia 
 
 3 
 
 Hip, disease of . . . 
 
 4 
 
 Inflammation of lungs . . 59 
 
 " " bowels . 47 
 
 " throat . . 4 
 
 " " stomach . 5 
 
 " " brain . . 9 
 
 " " liver . . 1 
 
 Intemperance 21 
 
 Influenza 22 
 
 Insanity 4 
 
 Inanition 1 
 
 Intus-susception .... 1 
 Infantile diseases . . .142 
 
 Jaundice 1 
 
 Kidney, disease of . . . 2 
 Liver, '.' " . .17 
 
 Lock-jaw 1 
 
 Marasmus 58 
 
 Measles 43 
 
 Mortification .... 2 
 
 Neuralgia 1 
 
 Old age 75 
 
 Purpura hemorrhagica . . 1 
 
 Palsy 19 
 
 Pleurisy 20 
 
 Poison 1 
 
 Quinsy 4 
 
 Eheumatism 2 
 
 Rickets 2 
 
 Suffocation 4 
 
 Scald 1 
 
 Scrofula 14 
 
 Spasms 8 
 
 Still-born 189 
 
 Spine, disease of ... 6 
 
 Small-pox 53 
 
 Syphilis 3 
 
 Suicide 7 
 
 Sudden 11 
 
 Scirrhous of stomach . . 1 
 
 Throat distemper ... 8 
 
 Teething 27 
 
 Tumor 14 
 
 Ulcers 3 
 
 Uterus, diseases of . . . 1 
 
 Worms 4 
 
 Total 2,197 
 
68 
 
 Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
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 '"' 
 
 CM 
 
 s 
 
 00 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 10 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 -ii< 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 
 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 f 
 
 6 
 
 U3 
 
 fe 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 <M 
 
 IN 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 s 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■o 
 
 o 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
 i-O 
 
 o 
 
 IM 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 rj^ 
 
 »C0 
 
 05 
 
 6 
 
 u3 
 
 b 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 CM 
 
 '^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 10 
 
 CO 
 
 '■^ 
 
 j 
 
 s 
 
 C' 
 
 o 
 
 '^ 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 135 
 
 00 
 
 t^ 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 l^ 1 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 C£J 
 
 c-^ 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 c£: 
 
 05 
 
 ^ 
 
 l» 
 
 lO 
 
 >o 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 d 
 
 tM 
 
 T-H 
 
 I— 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 05 
 
 x:t< 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 ■^ 
 
 o 
 
 ■* 
 
 L^ 
 
 o 
 
 t~ 
 
 o 
 
 c- 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 rH 
 
 10 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 ^t^ 
 
 c^ 
 
 Cj5 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 oo 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 •a 
 
 O 
 CO 
 
 d 
 
 b 
 
 
 T^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 ^;h^ 
 
 , 
 
 o 
 
 — . 
 
 Tj< 
 
 T— 1 
 
 C3 
 
 '^H 
 
 UO 
 
 CO 
 
 Oi 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -0 
 
 w 
 
 S 
 
 T-H 
 
 ■^ 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 rH 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 *"* 
 
 ^"^ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 d 
 
 fe 
 
 ^ 
 
 >o 
 
 <:o 
 
 05 
 
 'CO 
 
 >o 
 
 » 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 . • 
 
 CO 
 
 f>) 
 
 '^ 
 
 CM 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^M 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ S 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 •^ 
 
 
 •M 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 ■C3 
 
 CM 
 
 -* 
 
 -.H 
 
 10 
 
 'M 
 
 hr. 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 i-H 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 s- 
 
 ■^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 '^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 -^ 
 
 ^H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CM 
 
 t- 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -* 
 
 
 
 „« 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 'O 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 02 
 
 
 
 -* 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 Cj 
 
 
 b 
 
 
 ,—4 
 
 -^ 
 
 rH 
 
 
 T— 1 
 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 ^H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 OI 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 , 
 
 CM 
 
 00 
 
 ■o 
 
 Cj5 
 
 oo 
 
 .—1 
 
 CO 
 
 c~ 
 
 l^ 
 
 CO 
 
 'Q 
 
 T-H 
 
 00 
 
 
 s 
 
 ^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^H 
 
 T-( 
 
 
 I-H 
 
 
 
 rH 
 
 
 
 -* 
 
 (M 
 
 CXI 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 1—1 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 ,-H 
 
 t^ 
 
 -H 
 
 oi 
 
 fe 
 
 T— I 
 
 
 
 1-H 
 
 
 
 I-H 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 — H 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 -*l 
 
 L-^ 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 00 
 
 ,— ( 
 
 <Ji 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 crs 
 
 (32 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 17-1 
 
 ^^ 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 OS 
 
 CM 
 
 ^ 
 
 'ii 
 
 CO 
 
 t^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 r-i 
 
 U3 
 
 ^s 
 
 p<^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 7—\ 
 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 CM 
 
 00 
 
 0f. 
 
 
 o 
 
 L^ 
 
 T— ( 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 T-i 
 
 1^ 
 
 CM 
 
 l-^ 
 
 1-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 ~ 
 
 Prt 
 
 s 
 
 
 1-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 I— 1 
 
 ^H 
 
 ^^ 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 
 
 
 'M 
 
 • 
 
 ; 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 : 
 
 
 
 '^l 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 U 
 
 
 
 a 
 § 
 
 Q 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 H 
 
 >> 
 
 1-5 
 
 
 
 <1 
 
 
 d 
 
 3 
 
 '3 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 < 
 
 X! 
 
 a 
 
 a, 
 02 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 CD 
 
 
 
Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 69 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1844. 
 
 Aneurism of aorta 
 Accidental 
 Asthma 
 Apoplexy . 
 Abscess 
 Amenorrhoea 
 Bladder disease 
 Bronchitis . . . 
 Bowels, diseases of 
 Brain, disease of 
 Burns .... 
 Catarrh 
 
 Consumption . . 
 Childbed diseases 
 Convulsions . 
 Croup .... 
 Canker .... 
 Cancer .... 
 " of breast 
 " " uterus 
 Cholera infantum 
 
 " morbus 
 Dropsy . . . 
 " of brain 
 " " chest 
 Diabetes . 
 Dyspepsia . 
 Debility . . 
 Diseases unknown 
 Drowned . 
 Delirium . 
 Dysentery . 
 Ear, disease of 
 Epilepsy . . 
 Erysipelas . 
 Fevers, unknown 
 
 ' ' typhus 
 
 " bilious 
 
 " brain 
 
 " lung . 
 
 " nervous 
 
 ' ' scarlet 
 
 " inflammatory 
 
 " rheumatic 
 Gravel .... 
 
 1 
 
 21 
 
 1 
 
 25 
 
 10 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 32 
 5 
 .5 
 
 305 
 
 31 
 
 41 
 
 70 
 
 12 
 
 22 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 61 
 
 6 
 
 33 
 
 102 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 24 
 
 47 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 24 
 
 7 
 
 73 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 132 
 
 1 
 
 229 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 2 
 
 Hooping-cough .... 24 
 
 Heart, disease of ... 38 
 
 Hemorrhage . . ' . . . 14 
 
 Hernia 1 
 
 Hip, disease of ... . 2 
 
 Inflammation of bowels . 77 
 
 " " stomach . 6 
 
 " " brain . . 10 
 
 Intemperance . . . . 15 
 
 Influenza 4 
 
 Inanition 2 
 
 Infantile diseases . . . 133 
 
 Jaundice 6 
 
 Kidney, disease of . . . 6 
 
 Liver, " ... 19 
 
 Lock-jaw 3 
 
 Marasmus 46 
 
 Measles 36 
 
 Murdered 2 
 
 Old age 67 
 
 Palsy 11 
 
 Pleurisy 5 
 
 Poison 3 
 
 Quinsy 3 
 
 Rickets 1 
 
 Suffocation 1 
 
 Scald 6 
 
 Scrofula 6 
 
 Spasms 3 
 
 Stillborn 187 
 
 Spine, disease of . . . 3 
 
 Syphilis 2 
 
 Suicide 8 
 
 Sudden 11 
 
 Throat distemper . . .11 
 
 Tic douloureux .... 1 
 
 Teething 47 
 
 Tumor 8 
 
 Ulcers 2 
 
 "White-swelling .... 1 
 
 Wounds 1 
 
 Worms 10 
 
 Total 2,241 
 
70 
 
 Death Eeturns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 1 
 
 O 
 
 to 
 
 CO 
 
 oo 
 
 •^ 
 
 IM 
 
 lO 
 
 "sf* 
 
 CO 
 
 Ol 
 
 ^H 
 
 ^-t 
 
 m 
 
 ■SIBJOI 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 03 
 
 00 
 
 C5 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 00 
 
 <M 
 
 O) 
 
 
 
 
 (M 
 
 <M 
 
 CM 
 
 (M 
 
 (M 
 
 (M 
 
 ITJ 
 
 lO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 a 
 
 f^ 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CN 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 
 s 1 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 -H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 •njoq 
 
 ■ims 
 
 t^ 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 l^ 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 uo 
 
 oo 
 
 (M 
 
 L-- 
 
 >i; 
 
 (M 
 
 T— * 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 a<i 
 
 (M 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 2° 
 
 fe 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 if 
 
 p4 
 
 1— ( 
 
 o 
 
 " 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 S 
 
 1—1 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 i 
 i 
 
 &<■ 
 
 lO 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 ^H 
 
 <M 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 CM 
 
 ^ 
 
 (?^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 (M 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 00 
 
 6 
 
 00 
 
 b 
 
 "* 
 
 ^ 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 t^ 
 
 L^ 
 
 no 
 
 ^ 
 
 fM 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 <M 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 >o 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 >10 
 
 ^# 
 
 t- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 6 
 
 b 
 
 lO 
 
 ■o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 IC 
 
 CO 
 
 —I 
 
 CO 
 
 'i' 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 
 , : 
 
 G<I 
 
 CO 
 
 >o 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 L^ 
 
 CO 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 UO 
 
 00 
 
 -*l 
 
 as s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 s 
 
 A 
 
 b: 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 C<1 
 
 Tt* 
 
 -* 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 s 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 -^ 
 
 C<( 
 
 ■* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 L-^ 
 
 tH 
 
 L-- 
 
 CO 
 
 L-~ 
 
 »« 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 d 
 A 
 
 p^ 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 05 
 
 uO 
 
 CO 
 
 02 
 
 CO 
 
 UO 
 
 C5 
 
 ^ 
 
 -*t 
 
 t~ 
 
 o 
 
 s' 
 
 CO 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 i-H 
 
 >o 
 
 CO 
 
 ■ji 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 era 
 
 ^H 
 
 00 
 
 o> 
 
 L~- 
 
 CS 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 lO 
 
 o 
 
 (Ji 
 
 ^ 
 
 p^ 
 
 " 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 J-i 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 ^H 
 
 § 
 
 , 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 <N 
 
 'ii 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 C~ 
 
 05 
 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 (M 
 
 1— ( 
 
 o 
 
 fM 
 
 ^ 
 
 "O 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 T— 1 
 
 ~i 
 
 CM 
 
 00 
 
 X' 
 
 o 
 
 fu 
 
 ^ 
 
 T— ( 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 '^ 
 
 CO 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' — 1 
 
 , 
 
 c» 
 
 lO 
 
 cr. 
 
 OC' 
 
 -^ 
 
 o 
 
 uO 
 
 ic; 
 
 05 
 
 CO 
 
 UO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 CM 
 
 ^H 
 
 6 
 
 i^ 
 
 |CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 t~ 
 
 ^ 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 OO 
 
 CO 
 
 t^ 
 
 UO 
 
 T-H 
 
 d 
 
 1 CO 
 
 UO 
 
 '^ 
 
 >o 
 
 lO 
 
 o 
 
 "* 
 
 lO 
 
 ira 
 
 '^ 
 
 CO 
 
 >o 
 
 I-H 
 
 »-( 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 , 
 
 1 ^ 
 
 ■o 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 c- 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 Uh 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 uO 
 
 ■ 
 
 1 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 _^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 <M 
 
 l> 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 <M 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 «. ' s 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 1 CO 
 
 t* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 O 
 
 00 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 o> 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 ,— « 
 
 U5 
 
 fe 
 
 
 T—i 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 (M 
 
 
 *— * 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^^ 
 
 CO 
 
 , 
 
 (M 
 
 C5 
 
 -* 
 
 t~ 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 OS 
 
 o 
 
 UO 
 
 02 
 
 o 
 
 l^ 
 
 
 s 
 
 1— 1 
 
 
 
 T—t 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 S<l 
 
 05 
 
 (N 
 
 00 
 
 T-H 
 
 <M 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 -^ 
 
 o 
 
 1 o 
 
 « 
 
 p^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 T-^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 IM 
 
 
 T—i 
 
 12 
 
 , 
 
 >o 
 
 [~ 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CN 
 
 O 
 
 00 . 
 
 CO 
 
 !:» 
 
 C5 
 
 -cH 
 
 L^ 
 
 
 s 
 
 T— I 
 
 1—1 
 
 
 
 "^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 (M 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 
 t- 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 L-- 
 
 o 
 
 05 
 
 CO 
 
 i—< 
 
 'ch 
 
 1 CO 
 
 1-t u 
 
 p4 
 
 1— 1 
 
 ^H 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^H 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 <M 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 CM 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a>< 
 
 , 
 
 CV. 
 
 CO 
 
 <N 
 
 lO 
 
 05 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 >o 
 
 f=- 
 
 s 
 
 ^H 
 
 IM 
 
 <M 
 
 ^H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 oo 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 tH 
 
 IM 
 
 id 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 * 
 
 
 • 
 
 ^1 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 GO 
 
 >-, 
 
 t' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 bD 
 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 ay 
 
 u 
 
 
 
 
 T 
 
 -H 
 
 03 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 a 
 < 
 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 1-5 
 
 'a 
 
 t-5 
 
 2 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 > 
 
 o 
 
 s 
 
 O 
 
 
Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 71 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1845. 
 
 Abscess . . . 
 
 
 
 . 6 
 
 Accidental . . 
 
 
 
 . .53 
 
 Apoplexy . . . 
 Asthma 
 
 
 
 . 21 
 . 3 
 
 Bladder, disease of 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Blood-vessel, ruptur 
 
 e 
 
 
 . 2 
 
 Bowels, disease of 
 
 
 
 . 123 
 
 Brain, diseases of 
 
 
 
 . 11 
 
 Bronchitis . . . 
 
 
 
 . 2 
 
 Burns .... 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Cancer .... 
 
 
 
 . 13 
 
 ' ' of breast . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 " " eye 
 Canker .... 
 
 
 
 1 
 . 31 
 
 Childbed, diseases o 
 
 
 
 . 37 
 
 Cholera infantum 
 
 
 
 . 49 
 
 " morbus . 
 
 
 
 . 11 
 
 Colic, bilious . . 
 
 
 
 . 1 
 
 Consumption . 
 Convulsions . . 
 
 
 
 426 
 48 
 
 Croup .... 
 Debility . . . 
 
 
 
 81 
 22 
 
 Delirium . . . 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 Delirium tremens 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Diabetes . . . 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Diarrhoea . . . 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 Disease unknown 
 
 
 
 24 
 
 Dropsy .... 
 " on brain . 
 
 
 
 48 
 115 
 
 " " chest . . 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Drowned . . . . 
 
 
 
 19 
 
 Dysentery . . . . 
 Dyspepsia . . . . 
 Epilepsy . . . . 
 Erysipelas , . . . 
 
 
 
 13 
 1 
 4 
 
 14 
 
 Fever, intermittent . 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 " bilious . . 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 " brain . 
 
 
 
 17 
 
 " inflammatory 
 " lung . . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 135 
 
 " rheumatic 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 " scarlet . . 
 
 
 
 152 
 
 " slow . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 " typhus . . 
 " unknown . 
 
 
 
 97 
 3 
 
 Fractures . . ... 2 
 
 Gravel 3 
 
 Hemorrhage 6 
 
 Heart, disease of ... 33 
 
 Hernia 2 
 
 Hooping-cough .... 63 
 Infantile diseases . . .152 
 
 Inflammation of bowels . 54 
 
 " " brain . . 14 
 
 " " lungs . . 32 
 
 " " stomach . 11 
 
 " " throat . . 1 
 
 Influenza 3 
 
 Insanity 1 
 
 Intemperance . . . . 15 
 
 Jaundice 7 
 
 Kidney, diseases of . . . 4 
 
 Liver, " " . . 17 
 
 Lock-jaw 1 
 
 Marasmus 33 
 
 Measles 8 
 
 Mortification ... .3 
 
 Murdered 1 
 
 Old age . .... 65 
 
 Paralysis 25 
 
 Pleurisy 8 
 
 Quinsy 2 
 
 Eheumatism 1 
 
 Scald 2 
 
 Scrofula 12 
 
 Small-pox 31 
 
 Spine, disease of . . . 2 
 
 Stillborn 245 
 
 Sudden 15 
 
 Suffocation 1 
 
 Suicide 6 
 
 Syphilis 5 
 
 Teething 49 
 
 Throat distemper ... 8 
 
 Tumor 6 
 
 Ulcers 1 
 
 "Worms 6 
 
 Total 2,585 
 
72 
 
 Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 7^ 
 
 GO 
 
 CO 
 
 7^ 
 
 ^H 
 
 00 
 
 Oi 
 
 ■StB^OJ, 
 
 ^M 
 
 -t< 
 
 -cH 
 
 l-- 
 
 T-H 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 ■^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 fM 
 
 7-1 
 
 <N 
 
 CO 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 7^ 
 
 <M 
 
 S<1 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 •tuoq 
 
 -Tins 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 ■r^ 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 Ol 
 
 CO 
 
 C7i 
 
 CD 
 
 T-H 
 
 t^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 
 Ol 
 
 M 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 7<1 
 
 CO 
 
 7-1 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 
 7-^1 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 §§ 
 
 [14 
 
 ^H 
 
 o 
 
 "-I 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 s 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 7<1 
 
 7>1 
 
 O 
 
 c^ 
 
 s 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 -^ 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 —' 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 -- 
 
 CO 
 
 d 
 
 05 
 
 6 
 
 00 
 
 E<^ 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 IN 
 
 ^ 
 
 7<1 
 
 7^ 
 
 L-~ 
 
 CO 
 
 ^H 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 (M 
 
 (N 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 1-H 
 
 <M 
 
 t- 
 
 d 
 
 CO 
 
 Cm 
 
 CD 
 
 S<l 
 
 [- 
 
 UO 
 
 -* 
 
 7<I 
 
 o 
 
 7<l 
 
 t- 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 7<1 
 
 • 
 
 C<1 
 
 -*l 
 
 CO 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 'dH 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 "* 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 1> B! 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 d 
 A 
 
 ^ 
 
 .CO 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 -;t< 
 
 ^ 
 
 c^ 
 
 7<) 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CD 
 
 7<1 
 
 a 
 
 ^ 
 
 UO 
 
 ■* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ■* 
 
 UO 
 
 iC 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 lO 
 
 -# 1 
 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 lO 
 
 o 
 
 CD 
 
 d 
 
 Pm 
 
 l>. 
 
 O 
 
 c^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 c^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 7>1 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CD 
 
 , : 
 
 CO 
 
 L-~ 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 c- 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 a> 1 
 
 o 
 
 m Si 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 ^i 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 7-1 
 
 — 
 
 L^ 
 
 CO 
 
 ■* 
 
 o 
 
 CD 
 
 Oi 
 
 CO 
 
 <x> 
 
 o 
 
 «3 
 
 
 
 
 r-^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 , 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 7V1 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 
 
 i-H 
 
 ^~* 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 tH 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 
 t- 
 
 c~ 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 7<1 
 
 CO 
 
 7<l 
 
 00 
 
 t~ 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 E>^ 
 
 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 T-H 
 
 — 
 
 S<1 
 
 
 7<l 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^H 
 
 L^ 
 
 ? 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 lO 
 
 -* 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^H 
 
 lO 
 
 ICI 
 
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 75 
 
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Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 73 
 
 Diseases and Causes op Death in Boston in 1846. 
 
 Abscess 7 
 
 Accidental 39 
 
 Aneurism of aorta ... 1 
 
 Apoplexy 22 
 
 Asthma 1 
 
 Bowels, disease of . . . 251 
 
 Brain 11 
 
 Bronchitis 7 
 
 Burns 7 
 
 Cancer 19 
 
 Canker 19 
 
 Chicken-pox 2 
 
 Child-bed diseases ... 42 
 
 Cholera infantum . . . 108 
 
 " morbus .... 24 
 
 Colic, bilious 2 
 
 Consumption 485 
 
 Convulsions 64 
 
 Croup 77 
 
 Chest, disease of ... 1 
 
 Debility 20 
 
 Delirium tremens ... 8 
 
 Diabetes 2 
 
 Diarrbfea 30 
 
 Diseases unknown . . .12 
 
 Dropsy 52 
 
 '■ of brain . . . .117 
 
 " " chest .... 6 
 
 " " heart .... 1 
 
 Drowned 29 
 
 Dysentery 62 
 
 Epilepsy 1 
 
 Erysipelas 15 
 
 Fever, bilious 9 
 
 " brain 18 
 
 " lung 146 
 
 " scarlet 106 
 
 " slow 2 
 
 " typhus 133 
 
 " nervous .... 1 
 
 Fistula 1 
 
 Glands, disease of . . . 1 
 
 Gravel 4 
 
 Hemorrhage 5 
 
 Heart, disease of . . 
 
 . 42 
 
 Hernia 
 
 3 
 
 Hip, disease of . . . 
 
 . 3 
 
 Hooping-cough . . . 
 
 38 
 
 Infantile diseases . . 
 
 198 
 
 Inflammation of bowels 
 
 58 
 
 " " brain . 
 
 24 
 
 " " lungs . 
 
 88 
 
 " " stomach 
 
 10 
 
 " " uterus . 
 
 1 
 
 Influenza 
 
 3 
 
 Intemperance .... 
 
 29 
 
 Jaundice 
 
 12 
 
 Kidney, disease of . 
 
 5 
 
 Liver, " " 
 
 17 
 
 Lungs, " " . . 
 
 2 
 
 Lock-jaw 
 
 1 
 
 Marasmus 
 
 53 
 
 Measles 
 
 150 
 
 Mortification .... 
 
 7 
 
 Neuralgia 
 
 1 
 
 Old age 
 
 75 
 
 Paralysis 
 
 30 
 
 Pleurisy 
 
 18 
 
 Quinsy 
 
 2 
 
 Rheumatism .... 
 
 6 
 
 Rupture of aorta 
 
 1 
 
 " " blood-vessel 
 
 3 
 
 Scalds 
 
 7 
 
 Scrofula ... 
 
 12 
 
 Small-pox 
 
 92 
 
 Spine, disease of 
 
 6 
 
 Stillborn 
 
 303 
 
 Sudden 
 
 20 
 
 Suicide 
 
 14 
 
 Syphilis .... 
 
 1 
 
 Spasms 
 
 4 
 
 Teething 
 
 51 
 
 Throat distemper 
 
 12 
 
 Tumor 
 
 17 
 
 Ulcers 
 
 . 5 
 
 "Worms 
 
 5 
 
 Total 
 
 3,389 
 
74 
 
 Death Eetuens feom 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
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 s 
 
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Death Eeturns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 75 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1847. 
 
 Accidental .... 
 
 ri2 
 
 Asthma 
 
 / 
 
 Apoplexy 
 
 Abscess 
 
 25 
 
 5 
 
 Bronchitis 
 
 7 
 
 Burns 
 
 6 
 
 Blood-vessel, rupture of 
 
 1 
 
 Bowels, disease of . . 
 
 453 
 
 " inflammation of 
 
 51 
 
 Brain, disease of 
 
 IK 
 
 " inflammation of . 
 
 16 
 
 Bones, disease of . . 
 
 1 
 
 Consumption .... 
 Convulsions .... 
 
 544 
 
 64 
 
 Croup 
 
 Cancer 
 
 102 
 13 
 
 Canker 
 
 28 
 
 Cholera infantum . . 
 
 23 
 
 " morbus . . . 
 
 2 
 
 Childbed 
 
 36 
 
 Colic 
 
 4 
 
 Cramp 
 
 2 
 
 Dian'hoea 
 
 92 
 
 Dysentery 
 
 Dropsy ... . . 
 " on brain . 
 
 222 
 
 48 
 
 130 
 
 " " chest .... 
 
 11 
 
 Debility 
 
 Diseases unknown . 
 
 31 
 6 
 
 Drowned 
 
 22 
 
 Delirium tremens . . 
 
 11 
 
 Drinking cold water 
 
 1 
 
 Diabetes 
 
 2 
 
 Dyspepsia 
 
 Epilepsy 
 
 Erysipelas 
 
 Fever, typhus . . . 
 " bilious 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 666 
 
 3 
 
 " brain .... 
 
 27 
 
 " nervous . . . 
 
 1 
 
 " scarlet . . . 
 
 69 
 
 " inflammatory 
 
 1 
 
 " intermittent . 
 
 1 
 
 " lung .... 
 
 153 
 
 " slow .... 
 
 2 
 
 " rheumatic 
 
 5 
 
 Gravel 
 
 3 
 
 Glauds, disease of . . . I 
 
 Hemorrhage 8 
 
 Hooping-cough .... 36 
 
 Hernia 2 
 
 Heart, disease of . . 58 
 
 Hip, disease of ... . 4 
 
 Influenza 10 
 
 Intemperance .... 26 
 
 Infantile diseases . . . 248 
 
 Jaundice ...... 7 
 
 Kidneys, diseases of . . 6 
 
 Liver, diseases of . . . 14 
 
 Lungs, diseases of . . . 4 
 
 " inflammation of . 40 
 
 Lock-jaw 2 
 
 Murdered 1 
 
 Mortification .... 4 
 
 Marasmus 104 
 
 Measles 15 
 
 Old age 75 
 
 Paralysis ...... 25 
 
 Pleurisy 34 
 
 Poison 2 
 
 Piles 1 
 
 Quinsy 5 
 
 Rheumatism 2 
 
 Rupture 2 
 
 Spine disease . . . . 4 
 
 Stillborn 269 
 
 Sudden 3 
 
 Suffocation 1 
 
 Scalds 3 
 
 Stomach, disease of . . . 2 
 
 " inflammation of . 2 
 
 Scrofula 10 
 
 Suicide 10 
 
 Strangury 1 
 
 Strangulation .... 1 
 
 Sinall-pox 23 
 
 Teething 62 
 
 Tumor 13 
 
 Ulcers 7 
 
 Uterus, disease of . . . 1 
 
 Worms 7 
 
 AVhite swelling .... 1 
 
 Total 4,122 
 
76 
 
 Death Eeturns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
 1 
 
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 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
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 T-H 
 
 lO 
 
 05 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 Ol 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 d 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 (M 
 
 T-H 
 
 ""■ 
 
 T-H 
 
 — ^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 ' ' 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 ,_, 
 
 
 02 
 
 T-j 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 c- 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 
 s 
 
 (M 
 
 tM 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^H 
 
 ""* 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 5<1 
 
 T-H 
 
 (M 
 
 -M 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 l^ 
 
 OS 
 
 CT3 
 
 T 1 
 
 o 
 
 r-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 t- 
 
 ■o 
 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 d 
 
 Pu 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 ^H 
 
 ^~* 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 r7<l 
 
 -d^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 l^ 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 03 
 
 CC 
 
 o 
 
 
 « 
 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 (M 
 
 CM 
 
 
 CM 
 
 ^" 
 
 S<1 
 
 (M 
 
 J^ 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 CI 
 
 — ; 
 
 O 
 
 CO 
 
 Oi 
 
 L^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 c:^ 
 
 -* 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 
 d 
 
 fo 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 C2 
 
 d 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 L^ 
 
 L-TT 
 
 ■^ 
 
 O 
 
 lO 
 
 O 
 
 lO 
 
 o 
 
 CC 
 
 lO 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 d 
 
 i-H 
 
 
 L^ 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
 <J3 
 
 r-H 
 
 Cj3 
 
 L-~ 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 03 
 
 CO 
 
 co 
 
 
 Mb 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 Ol 
 
 
 s 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CD 
 
 lO 
 
 00 
 
 lO 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 t~ 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 05 
 
 o 
 
 rl 
 
 C^ 
 
 O 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 T^ 
 
 L^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 b 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 <M 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 '.:: 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 to 
 
 Ji) 
 
 CO 
 
 -^ 
 
 ._, 
 
 l-~ 
 
 CO 
 
 CD 
 
 C^ 
 
 CI 
 
 c^ 
 
 l^ 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 T— 1 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^^ 
 
 '^ 
 
 
 I-H 
 
 (N 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 G<1 
 
 
 
 
 T— * 
 
 ^^ 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 L^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 t~ 
 
 CD 
 
 
 CQ 
 
 P^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 ^" 
 
 ^H 
 
 ^1 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^^• 
 
 I-H 
 
 
 CM 
 CM 
 
 
 , 
 
 GO 
 
 05 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 -* 
 
 ^H 
 
 ^H 
 
 CM 
 
 00 
 
 c» 
 
 t^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^H 
 
 hH 
 
 CM 
 
 "O 
 
 CM 
 
 '~' 
 
 -^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 (M 
 
 
 
 
 lO 
 
 ira 
 
 ^ 
 
 c^ 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 ^^ 
 
 C~ 
 
 » 
 
 CD 
 
 00 
 
 lO 
 
 
 
 Mm 
 
 IM 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 '"' 
 
 CM 
 
 1-H 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 '"' 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 oo 
 
 CO 
 
 
 , 
 
 ^-^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 ■o 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CD 
 
 o 
 
 ^H 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 
 I-"^ 
 
 s 
 
 CM 
 
 i-H 
 
 (M 
 
 -M 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 03 
 
 ■o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 
 ^' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 >, 
 
 (^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 m 
 3 
 
 a 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 C 
 C3 
 1-5 
 
 C3 
 3 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 s 
 
 a 
 
 1-5 
 
 s 
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 y 
 
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 a 
 
 0) 
 
 o 
 
 Q 
 
 
Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 77 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1848. 
 
 Accidental . . 
 
 
 
 68 
 
 Hip disease 
 
 
 6 
 
 Apoplexy . . . 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 Insanity 
 
 1 
 
 Abscess . . . 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 Influenza 
 
 5 
 
 Bronchitis . 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 Intemperance 
 
 21 
 
 Burns .... 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Infantile diseases . . 
 
 277 
 
 Bowels, disease of 
 
 
 
 375 
 
 Jaundice 
 
 3 
 
 " inflammatioi 
 
 lOf 
 
 
 71 
 
 Kidney disease . 
 
 5 
 
 Bones, disease of 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Knee disease .... 
 
 2 
 
 Bladder, disease of 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Leprosy 
 
 1 
 
 " inflammatio 
 
 n 
 
 f 
 
 1 
 
 Liver, disease of . . . 
 
 15 
 
 Brain, disease of 
 
 
 
 31 
 
 Lung, disease of . 
 
 6 
 
 " inflammation 
 
 of 
 
 
 7 
 
 " inflammation of . 
 
 68 
 
 Consumption . . 
 
 
 
 579 
 
 Lock-jaw 
 
 2 
 
 Convulsions . 
 
 
 
 104 
 
 Marasmus 
 
 68 
 
 Croup .... 
 
 
 
 111 
 
 Measles 
 
 16 
 
 Cancer .... 
 
 
 
 22 
 
 Mortification .... 
 
 6 
 
 Canker .... 
 
 
 
 sr) 
 
 Murdered 
 
 8 
 
 Cholera infantum 
 
 
 
 59 
 
 Neuralgia 
 
 2 
 
 Cholera morbus . 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 Nose, disease of . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Childbed . . . 
 
 
 
 61 
 
 Old age 
 
 64 
 
 Cramp .... 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Paralysis 
 
 23 
 
 Chest, disease of 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Pleurisy 
 
 20 
 
 Diarrhoea . 
 
 
 
 32 
 
 Palsy 
 
 8 
 
 Dysentery . . 
 
 
 
 278 
 
 Poison 
 
 4 
 
 Debility . . . 
 
 
 
 25 
 
 Purpura 
 
 1 
 
 Diseases unknown 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Quinsy -. 
 
 1 
 
 Dropsy . . . 
 
 
 
 57 
 
 Rheumatism .... 
 
 3 
 
 " on brain . 
 
 
 
 114 
 
 St. Vitus' Dance . 
 
 1 
 
 " " chest . 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Spine, disease of 
 
 13 
 
 Drowned . 
 
 
 
 32 
 
 Stillborn 
 
 308 
 
 Delirium tremens 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 Sudden 
 
 3 
 
 Drinking cold water 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Strangury ..... 
 
 1 
 
 Diabetes . . . 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Scald 
 
 1 
 
 Dyspepsia . . 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Strangulation . . . 
 
 3 
 
 Epilepsy . . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Stomach, disease of . . 
 
 4 
 
 Erysipelas 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 " inflammation of 
 
 1 
 
 Eever, typhus 
 
 
 
 258 
 
 Syphilis 
 
 . 5 
 
 " scarlet 
 
 
 
 177 
 
 Scrofula 
 
 
 7 
 
 " lung . . 
 
 
 
 122 
 
 Suicide 
 
 
 12 
 
 " brain . 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 Small-pox 
 
 
 21 
 
 " slow . . 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 Spasms 
 
 
 10 
 
 " bilious 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 Teething 
 
 
 81 
 
 " rheumatic 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Tumor . 
 
 
 10 
 
 ' ' pleurisy . 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Throat distemper . . 
 
 11 
 
 Fracture . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Ulcers 
 
 6 
 
 Gravel .... 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Uterus, disease of . 
 
 3 
 
 Hemorrhage . . 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 White-swelling . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Hooping-cough . 
 
 
 
 33 
 
 Worms 
 
 . 6 
 
 Hernia 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Heart disease 
 
 
 
 . 62 
 
 Total . 
 
 
 3,972 
 
78 
 
 Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 cc 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^^ 
 
 KO 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 en 
 
 •SIBIOI 
 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 1 — 1 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 oa 
 
 
 
 C75 
 
 CM 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 -ct< 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 B 
 
 Ec^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 >o 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^ 
 P 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 T— 1 
 
 r- 1 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 CD 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 
 
 'o 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 Pu 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1— f 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 ii 
 
 PI4' 
 
 (N 
 
 ^-i 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 c- 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 1 
 
 f^ 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 CN 
 
 CM 
 
 ■^ 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 'M 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 C3 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 (M 
 
 1— * 
 
 CM 
 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 ,_, 
 
 T_-( 
 
 CO 
 
 -=T< 
 
 ,_t 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 00 
 
 OD 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 d 
 
 QO 
 
 tN 
 
 OT 
 
 CO 
 
 
 1— i 
 
 ^ 
 
 c^ 
 
 "-^ 
 
 uO 
 
 'O 
 
 CO 
 
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 CO 
 
 ':)< 
 
 CO 
 
 3 
 
 IC 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 10 
 
 t^ 
 
 t- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 . 
 
 00 
 
 rr* 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 lO 
 
 c~ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ■T^ 
 
 UO 
 
 OT 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 tH 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 ^H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 § 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 to 
 
 00 
 
 CM 
 
 10 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 uO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 C2 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 i-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 [^ 
 
 
 b 
 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 CO 
 
 t- 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 Oi 
 
 cn 
 
 P-i 
 
 C3 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 33 
 
 6 
 
 W3 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 
 cn 
 
 , 
 
 CO 
 
 OS 
 
 c~ 
 
 lO 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 >o 
 
 rH 
 
 CM 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -* 
 
 CM 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 -H 
 
 
 
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 Oi 
 
 -* 
 
 ^ 
 
 03 
 
 -H 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 [- 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 C^ 
 
 CD 
 
 o 
 
 b 
 
 1— ( 
 
 
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 ^^ 
 
 
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 CM 
 
 -rH 
 
 CM 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 ^H • 
 
 , 
 
 C- 
 
 'O 
 
 
 
 -^ 
 
 03 
 
 
 
 —J 
 
 T-H 
 
 -* 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 ^ 
 
 S 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 '"' 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^■^ 
 
 CM 
 
 5^ 
 
 CO 
 
 C<1 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 -M 
 
 , , 
 
 uO 
 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 c^l 
 
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 CM 
 
 lO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 'M 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 bH 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 tH 
 
 S<1 
 
 i-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 01 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 Oi 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (M 
 
 
 
 
 <X> 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 C^ 
 
 
 
 « 
 
 S 
 
 CN 
 
 T-H 
 
 '"' 
 
 CO 
 
 ^H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 >o 
 
 -M 
 
 ^^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 
 l~- 
 
 (M 
 
 c^ 
 
 CD 
 
 
 
 lO 
 
 CD 
 
 
 
 OT 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 d Ei>^ 
 
 . (M 
 
 <M 
 
 (M 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 'M 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 ^ 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 , 
 
 «3 
 
 a 
 
 CD 
 
 CO 
 
 C3 
 
 uO 
 
 
 
 r* 
 
 C^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 [^ 
 
 « 
 
 S 
 
 ^-1 
 
 *"• 
 
 T-H 
 
 'T^J 
 
 T-H 
 
 01 
 
 c- 
 
 uO 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 (T^ 
 
 
 4 
 
 <X3 
 
 fe 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CD 
 
 00 
 
 L-^ 
 
 00 
 
 oa 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 ■* 
 
 C<1 
 
 03 
 
 03 
 
 • 
 
 5<l 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 (M 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 -H 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 en, 
 
 ^ 
 
 00 
 
 rH e=i 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 to 
 
 r-i 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 ^ 
 
 10 
 
 T-H 
 
 UO 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 •^ 
 
 "- 
 
 10 
 10 
 
 • 
 
 (M 
 
 ^^ 
 
 CO 
 
 ^^ 
 
 L-^ 
 
 CO 
 
 UO 
 
 -M 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 rH ai 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 
 
 
 >o 
 
 
 , 
 
 '^ 
 
 ,-H 
 
 
 
 zn 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 uO 
 
 05 
 
 L>- 
 
 00 
 
 Oi 
 
 C7^ 
 
 
 Ui 
 
 
 <M 
 
 CM 
 
 r-i 
 
 ^H 
 
 — 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■0 
 
 d 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 . 
 
 a:) 
 
 CD 
 
 uO 
 
 CO 
 
 ^H 
 
 L^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 C^ 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 C3 
 
 
 R 
 
 
 T— 1 
 
 »— ' 
 
 '— ' 
 
 ^H 
 
 '—' 
 
 
 iQ 
 
 c^ 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 , 
 
 o-l 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 1-^ 
 
 » 
 
 C^ 
 
 CM 
 
 •M 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 l^ 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 ■M 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 10 
 
 <M 
 
 
 
 T—i 
 
 T-H 
 
 U3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 . 
 
 00 
 
 ^^ 
 
 CO 
 
 -r 
 
 * 
 
 ^H 
 
 ^H 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 ■o 
 
 
 
 
 S 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 '~ 
 
 
 CO 
 
 ^~^ 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CM 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ^H 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 (M 
 
 ■0 
 
 y: 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 C^l 
 
 CD 
 
 T-H 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 
 Ik 
 
 T— 1 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 — 1 
 
 T-H 
 
 UO 
 
 
 
 
 
 T-H 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CM 
 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 t^ 
 
 x> 
 
 Xj 
 
 Z^ 
 
 CD 
 
 'O 
 
 00 
 
 t>. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 S 
 
 '— ' 
 
 
 
 r^ 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 — 
 
 UO 
 
 >o 
 
 CM 
 
 -M 
 
 T-H 
 
 5<l 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 , 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 l^ 
 
 01 
 
 OJ 
 
 *o 
 
 
 
 lc:i 
 
 oa 
 
 CM 
 
 
 
 ?Si3 
 
 l^ 
 
 (N 
 
 (M 
 
 ^ 
 
 -* 
 
 CM 
 
 05 
 
 CO 
 
 L^ 
 
 10 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 Ig. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 , 
 
 
 
 05 
 
 CD 
 
 01 
 
 UO 
 
 -r< 
 
 
 
 
 
 L-~ 
 
 '^^ 
 
 Oi 
 
 CO 
 
 CD 
 
 ^^rH 
 
 S 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 "M 
 
 -*< 
 
 CO 
 
 C^ 
 
 CO 
 
 f>X 
 
 ^ 
 
 <X> 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 •njoq 
 
 
 
 CD 
 
 CD 
 
 'M 
 
 X 
 
 ,-H 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 »r^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 (N 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 -iros 
 
 
 
 
 
 "^ 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 CM 
 
 *"• 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 <M 
 
 CM 
 
 ci 
 
 >5 
 
 >> 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CD 
 3 
 
 = 
 < 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 
 •>* 
 
 GO 
 
 1-H 
 
 
 03 
 
 a 
 
 
 OS 
 
 < 
 
 ^ 
 S 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 g 
 
 
 
 P 
 
 
Death Returns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 79 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Death in Boston in 1849. 
 
 Accidental 
 Apoplexy . 
 Abscess 
 Asthma 
 Anemia 
 Bronchitis . 
 Burns and scalds 
 Bowels, disease of. 
 
 " inflammation of 
 Bladder, disease of 
 Bones, " " 
 
 Brain, 
 
 " inflammation of 
 
 " Congestion of 
 Consumption 
 Convulsions 
 Croup . 
 Cancer . 
 Cholera 
 
 ' ' morbus . 
 
 " infantum 
 Canker .... 
 Cyanosis . 
 Childbed diseases 
 Cramp .... 
 Chicken-pox . 
 Diarrhea . 
 Dysentery . 
 Debility . . . 
 Diseases unknown 
 Dropsy .... 
 
 " of brain . 
 Drowned . 
 Delirium tremens 
 Drinking cold water 
 Diabetis ... 
 Epilepsy ... 
 Erysipelas 
 
 Executed for murder 
 Fever, scarlet 
 
 " lung . . 
 
 " typhus 
 
 " brain . 
 
 " typhoid 
 
 " pleurisy . 
 
 ' ' rheumatic . 
 Fever (not classed) 
 
 64 
 
 22 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 15 
 
 264 
 
 53 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 50 
 
 15 
 
 25 
 
 C44 
 
 86 
 
 72 
 
 18 
 
 611 
 
 47 
 
 60 
 
 30 
 
 4 
 
 72 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 118 
 
 277 
 
 39 
 
 60 
 
 74 
 
 157 
 
 31 
 
 12 
 
 14 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 .^)9 
 
 1 
 
 317 
 
 152 
 
 119 
 
 32 
 
 30 
 
 25 
 
 7 
 
 21 
 
 Fracture . . . 
 Hemorrhage . 
 Hooping-cough . 
 Homicide . . 
 Heart, disease of 
 Hip, " " 
 
 Influenza . 
 Intemperance 
 Infantile diseases 
 Kidneys, disease of 
 Liver, " " 
 
 Lungs, inflammation of 
 
 " disease of 
 Mortification . . 
 Marasmus . 
 Measles 
 Neuralgia . 
 Old age 
 
 Phlegmasia Dolens 
 Palsy .... 
 Purulent absorption 
 Poison .... 
 Peritonitis . . . 
 Purpura .... 
 Pustule malignant . 
 Quinsy .... 
 Rheumatism . 
 Spine, disease of 
 Scrofula .... 
 Suffocation 
 Stomach, disease of . 
 Stomach and bowels, 
 
 flammation of . 
 Syphilis . . 
 
 Scurvy 
 
 Suicide 
 
 Starvation on ship-board 
 Stnall-pox . . 
 Teething . . 
 Tumor .... 
 Throat, disease of 
 Ulcers . 
 Worms .... 
 
 Total 
 Still born 
 
 1 
 
 15 
 
 36 
 1 
 
 82 
 5 
 8 
 
 15 
 
 328 
 
 6 
 
 16 
 113 
 
 16 
 1 
 
 79 
 
 209 
 
 1 
 
 95 
 1 
 
 27 
 1 
 1 
 6 
 1 
 1 
 3 
 3 
 8 
 
 19 
 2 
 
 5 
 4 
 1 
 
 11 
 3 
 
 21 
 161 
 
 17 
 
 , 6 
 4 
 7 
 
 5,079 
 . 250 
 
80 
 
 Death Eeturns from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 ■smox 
 
 CO 
 
 r-t 
 
 CO 
 
 
 o 
 
 UO 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 cn 
 
 <M 
 
 
 CO 
 
 en 
 
 CO 
 
 00 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 (M 
 
 CT5 
 CD 
 CM 
 
 (35 
 
 o 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 CO 
 CO 
 
 
 ^• 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 C 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 r-l 
 
 s 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 05° 
 
 b 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 T-H 
 
 2 
 
 s 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 ■-' 
 
 " 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 o 
 
 UO , 
 
 1 
 
 c5 
 6 
 
 GO 
 
 p=; 
 
 ■-' 
 
 CO 
 
 «3 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 CM 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 T— 1 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 CO 
 
 '-' 
 
 '-' 
 
 CM 
 
 "-^ 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 d 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 1—* 
 
 -^ 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
 C>0 
 
 CO 
 
 lO 
 
 -M 
 
 00 
 
 l^ 
 
 lO 
 
 lO 
 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 '^ 
 
 '^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 CM 
 
 lO 
 
 -* 
 -* 
 
 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 >o 
 
 c^ 
 
 I-- 
 
 00 
 
 05 
 
 L^ 
 
 ■o 
 
 ^ 
 
 »o 
 
 CO 
 
 CD 
 
 (M 
 
 CO 
 00 
 
 s 
 
 t~ 
 
 «> 
 
 (M 
 
 '-' 
 
 00 
 
 >o 
 
 L~^ 
 
 00 
 
 CM 
 
 CO 
 
 -* 
 
 00 
 
 1-- 
 
 6 
 
 U3 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 L^ 
 
 tM 
 
 CN 
 
 t~ 
 
 (75 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 UO 
 
 CO 
 
 !>• 
 
 lO 
 
 co 
 
 s 
 
 (M 
 
 00 
 
 ^-O 
 
 '^ 
 
 r-H 
 
 UO 
 
 05 
 
 ^H 
 
 CM 
 
 ^ 
 
 t~ 
 
 c^ 
 
 05 
 
 c:5 
 
 d 
 to 
 
 
 CO 
 
 T-H 
 
 t~ 
 
 T-H 
 
 ^H 
 
 (M 
 
 OT 
 
 L^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 t- 
 
 >o 
 
 T-H 
 
 C35 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 00 
 
 o 
 
 T-H 
 
 
 
 -* 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 ^H 
 
 ' ' 
 
 ~. 
 
 i-H 
 
 T-H 
 
 CO 
 
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Death Eetuens from 1810 to 1850. 
 
 Diseases and Causes of Deaths in Boston in 1850. 
 
 Accidental . . . 
 
 
 
 . 36 
 
 Abscess 
 
 
 
 . 9 
 
 Apoplexy . . . 
 Anemia . . . 
 
 
 
 27 
 4 
 
 Asthma . . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Bronchitis . 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 Burns and Scalds 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 Bowels, disease of 
 
 
 
 141 
 
 " inflammatio 
 
 1 0l 
 
 
 62 
 
 Bladder, disease of 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Brain, disease of 
 
 
 
 45 
 
 " inflammation of 
 
 
 31 
 
 " congestion of 
 
 
 15 
 
 Consumption . . . 
 
 
 586 
 
 Convulsions . 
 
 
 
 129 
 
 Croup .... 
 
 
 
 87 
 
 Cancer .... 
 
 
 
 29 
 
 Chorea .... 
 
 
 
 ] 
 
 Cholera . . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 " infantum 
 
 
 
 36 
 
 " morbus . 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 Canker .... 
 
 
 
 36 
 
 Chicken-pox . 
 Cyanosis . 
 Childbirth . . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 38 
 
 Cramp .... 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Diarrhoea . 
 
 
 
 48 
 
 Dysentery . 
 Debility . . . 
 
 
 
 136 
 22 
 
 Disease unknown 
 
 
 
 43 
 
 Dropsy . . . 
 " of Brain . 
 
 
 
 72 
 157 
 
 Drowned . 
 
 
 
 23 
 
 Delirium Tremens 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 Drinking cold water 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Diabetes . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Epilepsy . 
 Executed . . . 
 
 
 
 2 
 1 
 
 Erysipelas . . . 
 Exhaustion 
 
 
 
 65 
 14 
 
 Fever .... 
 
 
 
 16 
 
 " typhus . . 
 " typhoid 
 " scarlet . . 
 
 
 
 61 
 
 43 
 69 
 
 " lung . . . 
 
 
 
 165 
 
 " puerperal . 
 
 
 
 18 
 
 Fever brain 19 
 
 " rheumatic .... 9 
 
 Fractures 2 
 
 Gout 2 
 
 Hernia 1 
 
 Hemorrhage 9 
 
 Hooping-cough .... 81 
 
 Heart, disease of ... 52 
 
 Hip, disease of ... . 1 
 
 Influenza 6 
 
 Intemperance ... .12 
 
 Infantile diseases . . . 251 
 
 Intusseption 1 
 
 Kidneys, disease of . . . 5 
 
 Liver, disease of .... 29 
 
 Lungs, congestion of . . 6 
 
 " inflammation of . 125 
 
 Mortification 10 
 
 Malformation 1 
 
 Marasmus 91 
 
 Measles 75 
 
 Neuralgia 2 
 
 Old Age 80 
 
 Palsy 33 
 
 Poison 3 
 
 Peritonitis 7 
 
 Pleurisy 17 
 
 Purpura 3 
 
 Quinsy 3 
 
 Rheumatism 3 
 
 Spine, disease of ... 12 
 
 Scrofula 8 
 
 Suffocation 5 
 
 Stomach, disease of . . 5 
 
 " Inflammation of . 2 
 
 Syphilis 3 
 
 Suicide 12 
 
 Small-pox 192 
 
 Strangulation 3 
 
 Teething 108 
 
 Tumor 17 
 
 Throat, diseases of . . . 14 
 
 Ulcer 6 
 
 Worms 14 
 
 Total 3,667 
 
82 Vital Statistics Revised. 
 
 APPBI^DIX A. 
 
 As there may be some value in comparisons based on these 
 statistics, it seems proper to show the exact figures of Boston 
 Births, Marriages, and Deaths, in contrast with those heretofore 
 given out. I submit therefore the following tables from 1849 to 
 to 1892, with explanations : 
 
 Births. 
 
 The births in Boston were all collected annually in January by 
 persons employed under a contract. These returns were received 
 about March or April, and were sent to the State authorities by 
 May. The City Registrar's reports were prepared from the same 
 data as those printed in the Secretary's report for the whole Com- 
 monwealth, and a close correspondence between them was to be 
 expected. But in every year returns continued to be made, so 
 that the Registrar's books contain now more births than appear in 
 those reports. The true returns give about two per cent, more in 
 many years, but the percentage is not constant. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 As the deaths are necessarily reported and recorded day by day, 
 the agreement between the record and the reports should be ver^' 
 close. Of course one or two returns may come in after January, 
 but it will be seen that the Registrar's printed reports are often 
 exactly right. The Secretary's reports differ slightly, showing 
 the impossibility of perfect uniformity in returns made by different 
 authorities from the same data. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 Under this head the greatest discrepancies will naturally be 
 found. When the license is given out, no time can be set for its 
 return. The parties may defer marriage for months or years, and 
 the minister or justice may be delinquent in returning the certifi- 
 cate after marriage. In many cases the delay has exceeded a 
 year. I cannot explain tlie reason for the fact that prior to 1879 
 the Secretary's report usually gives less marriages than the Regis- 
 
Vital Statistics Revised. 
 
 83 
 
 trar's report does. The correct figures are sufficiently larger to 
 make all statistics of very doubtful value. 
 
 It will be noted that from 1879 to 1891 the City Registrar's 
 reports give many more marriages than are on the city record or 
 in the Secretary's reports. It is almost beyond doubt that in 1879 
 the Registrar incorporated into the total of his marriages not only 
 those celebrated in this city, but the return from other cities and 
 towns in this State, where one party belonged in Boston. We 
 have in this office two volumes of such marriages, and the follow- 
 ing facts may be of use. The records of these marriages show as 
 follows : 
 
 1854 to 1867 
 
 290 
 
 1875 
 
 
 
 230 
 
 1884 
 
 
 1867 . . 
 
 195 
 
 1876 
 
 
 
 198 
 
 1885 
 
 
 1868 
 
 
 
 164 
 
 1877 
 
 
 
 211 
 
 1886 
 
 
 1869 
 
 
 
 187 
 
 1878 
 
 
 
 234 
 
 1887 
 
 
 1870 
 
 
 
 209 
 
 1879 
 
 
 
 262 
 
 1888 
 
 
 1871 
 
 
 
 244 
 
 1880 
 
 
 
 331 
 
 1889 
 
 
 1872 
 
 
 
 280 
 
 1881 
 
 
 
 388 
 
 1890 
 
 
 1873 
 
 
 
 249 
 
 1882 
 
 
 
 440 
 
 1891 
 
 
 1874 
 
 
 
 244 
 
 1883 
 
 
 
 430 
 
 1892 
 
 
 452 
 456 
 551 
 539 
 578 
 594 
 617 
 595 
 681 
 
 It seems also that marriages of Bostonians, solemnized out of the 
 Commonwealth, have usually been recorded and numbered among 
 the marriages performed in the city. From one point of view this 
 is incorrect, and yet such data are not only required by law, but 
 are of interest. It is beyond question that most of such marriages 
 are not reported, however, and the penalty inflicted by the present 
 law is very slight. There seems to be no reason why the notice 
 should not be given and the certificate issued in advance in all 
 these cases of intended foreign marriages. 
 
 W. H. WHITMORE. 
 
84 
 
 Vital Statistics Revised. 
 
 1849 
 
 ( Actually recorded . 
 } City Registrar's Re 
 
 ( State Report 
 
 Report 
 
 i Actually recorded . 
 
 1850 I City Registrar's Report 
 ( State Report 
 
 ('Actually recorded . 
 
 1851 \ City Registrar's Report 
 (_ State Report 
 
 f Actually recorded . 
 1853 I City Registrar's Report 
 (_ State Report 
 
 r Actually recorded . 
 
 1853 ] City Registrar's Report 
 ( State Report 
 
 ( Actually recorded . 
 
 1854 ] City Registrar's Report 
 ( State Report 
 
 1855 
 
 1856 
 
 r Actually recorded . 
 I City Registrar's Report 
 ( State Report 
 
 ( Actually recorded . 
 ] City Registrar's Report 
 (_ State Report 
 
 ( Actually recorded . . 
 
 1857 I City Registrar's Report 
 ( State Report . . 
 
 f Actually recorded . 
 
 1858 } City Registrar's Report 
 (_ State Report 
 
 C Actually recorded . . 
 
 1859 ] City Registrar's Report 
 (^ State Report 
 
 Still 
 Born. 
 
 260 
 
 256 
 
 251 
 
 236 
 
 221 
 
 243 
 
 228 
 
 27 
 
 27 
 
 249 
 
 292 
 
 Births. 
 
 5,090 
 5,068 
 4,886 
 
 5,298 
 5,226 
 5,279 
 
 5,366 
 5,338 
 5,338 
 
 5,339 
 5,308 
 5,308 
 
 5,633 
 5,596 
 6,555 
 
 6,721 
 5,688 
 5,687 
 
 5,845 
 6,816 
 5,816 
 
 5,971 
 5,922 
 6,897 
 
 5,296 
 6,881 
 
 5,877 
 
 5,671 
 6,597 
 5,595 
 
 5,969 
 5,895 
 5,913 
 
 Mar- 
 riages. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 765* 
 1,176 
 1,187 
 
 2,541 
 2,467 
 2,467 
 
 2,894 
 2,863 
 2,863 
 
 2,734 
 2,686 
 2,686 
 
 2,872 
 2,855 
 2,853 
 
 3,170 
 3,128 
 3,128 
 
 2,899 
 2,865 
 2,855 
 
 2,614 
 2,536 
 2,528 
 
 2,492 
 2,385 
 2,386 
 
 2,233 
 2,165 
 2,155 
 
 2,630 
 2,481 
 2,481 
 
 6,329 
 5,079 
 5,071 
 
 3,667 
 3,667 
 3,667 
 
 3,855 
 3,855 
 3,866 
 
 3,736 
 3,736 
 3,736 
 
 4,286 
 4,284 
 
 4,284 
 
 4,443 
 4,441 
 4,401 
 
 4,086 
 4,080 
 4,080 
 
 4,258 
 4,253 
 4,252 
 
 3,969 
 3,958 
 3,958 
 
 3,841 
 3,840 
 3,840 
 
 3,738 
 3,738 
 3,737 
 
 '' The ofB.cial record of marriages began July 1, 1849. 
 
Vital Statistics Revised. 
 
 85 
 
 still 
 
 Born, 
 
 Births. 
 
 Mar- 
 riages. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 ( Actually recorded* 
 
 1860 ] City Eegistrar's Report 
 ( State Report 
 
 ( Actually recorded * . 
 
 1861 •] City Registrar's Report 
 { State Report 
 
 ( Actually recorded . . 
 
 1862 j City Eegistrar's Report 
 ( State Report . . . 
 
 C Actually recorded . 
 
 1863 ] City Registrar's Report 
 ( State Report . . . 
 
 r Actually recorded . . 
 
 1864 < City Registrar's Report 
 (^ State Report 
 
 ( Actually recorded . . 
 
 1865 < City Registrar's Report 
 (state Report . . 
 
 ( Actually recorded . 
 
 1866 } City Registrar's Report 
 (_ State Report . . . 
 
 ^ Actually recorded . 
 
 1867 j City Registrar's Report 
 ( State Report . . . 
 
 ( Actually recorded f . 
 
 1868 ] City Registrar's Report 
 (^ State Report 
 
 Actually recorded . 
 
 1869 \ City Registrar's Report 
 State Report 
 
 Actually recorded J . 
 
 1870 \ City Registrar's Report 
 State Report . . . 
 
 361 
 
 352 
 
 351 
 
 373 
 
 397 
 
 408 
 
 277 
 
 504 
 
 5,896 
 5,765 
 5,733 
 
 5,824 
 5,789 
 5,594 
 
 5,345 
 5,258 
 5,258 
 
 5,281 
 5,255 
 5,245 
 
 5,014 
 4.992 
 4,994 
 
 5,360 
 5,275 
 6,275 
 
 5,565 
 5,543 
 5,543 
 
 5,924 
 5,893 
 5,892 
 
 7,409 
 7,102 
 7,075 
 
 7,436 
 7,405 
 7,405 
 
 8,138 
 8,092 
 8,073 
 
 2,530 
 2,522 
 
 2,484 
 
 2,172 
 2,166 
 2,147 
 
 2,141 
 2,094 
 2,094 
 
 2,363 
 2,322 
 2,322 
 
 2,801 
 2,736 
 2,736 
 
 2,772 
 2,727 
 2,726 
 
 2,872 
 2,845 
 2,828 
 
 2,937 
 2,897 
 2,820 
 
 3,253 
 3,138 
 3,046 
 
 3,390 
 3,378 
 3,286 
 
 3,527 
 3,492 
 3,340 
 
 4,390 
 4,390 
 4,389 
 
 3,965 
 3,965 
 3,963 
 
 4,125 
 4,120 
 4,104 
 
 4,701 
 4,699 
 4,699 
 
 5,115 
 5,111 
 5,109 
 
 4,551 
 4,541 
 4,541 
 
 4,382 
 4,379 
 4,377 
 
 4,422 
 4,421 
 4,421 
 
 5,520 
 5,519 
 5,519 
 
 5,524 
 5,523 
 5,494 
 
 6,100 
 6,098 
 6,098 
 
 * No City Report issued. 
 
 t Roxbury first added. 
 
 X Dorchester first added. 
 
86 
 
 Vital Statistics Revised. 
 
 C Actually recorded . . 
 
 1871 ] City Registrar's Report 
 (^ State Report . . . 
 
 ( Actually recorded . 
 
 1872 ] City Registrar's Report 
 ( State Report . . . 
 
 C Actually recorded . . 
 
 1873 ] City Registrar's Report 
 (_ State Report . . . 
 
 r Actually recorded * . 
 
 1874 < City Registrar's Report 
 ( State Report . . . 
 
 ( Actually recorded . . 
 
 1875 ] City Registrar's Report 
 (^ State Report 
 
 C Actually recorded . 
 
 1876 ] City Registrar's Report 
 (_ State Reports . 
 
 [ Actually recorded . . 
 
 1877 < City Registrar's Report 
 I State Report . . . 
 
 r Actually recorded . . 
 
 1878 ] City Registrar's Report 
 ( State Report . . 
 
 ( Actually recorded . 
 
 1879 ] City Registrar's Report 
 (^ State Report . . . 
 
 ( Actually recorded . . 
 
 1880 ] City Registrar's Report 
 ( State Report . . . 
 
 1881 
 
 ( Actually recorded 
 } City Registrar's li 
 (^ State Report 
 
 Report 
 
 Still 
 Born. 
 
 543 
 
 560 
 
 515 
 
 642 
 
 54 
 
 49 
 
 469 
 
 44 
 
 457 
 
 435 
 
 548 
 
 Births. 
 
 8,568 
 8,555 
 8,518 
 
 9,335 
 9,270 
 9,244 
 
 9,748 
 9,688 
 9,672 
 
 11,773 
 11,717 
 11,697 
 
 11,120 
 11,020 
 10,984 
 
 10,866 
 10,773 
 10,751 
 
 10,609 
 10,530 
 10,494 
 
 10,271 
 10,185 
 10,160 
 
 10,356 
 10,200 
 10,165 
 
 10,741 
 10,654 
 10,573 
 
 10,634 
 10,530 
 10,463 
 
 Mar- 
 riages. 
 
 Deaths, 
 
 3,767 
 3,714 
 3,589 
 
 3,857 
 3,762 
 3,610 
 
 3,941 
 3,883 
 3,724 
 
 4,088 
 4,049 
 3,891 
 
 3,487 
 3,416 
 3,311 
 
 3,007 
 2,981 
 2,814 
 
 2,914 
 2,873 
 2,767 
 
 3,069 
 3,032 
 2,892 
 
 3,238 
 3,461 
 3,039 
 
 3,672 
 3,973 
 3,488 
 
 4,073 
 4,370 
 3,813 
 
 5,892 
 5,888 
 5,888 
 
 8,091 
 8,090 
 8,088 
 
 7,869 
 7,869 
 7,868 
 
 7,813 
 7,812 
 7,812 
 
 8,958 
 8,958 
 8,925 
 
 8,203 
 8,203 
 8,196 
 
 7,284 
 7,284 
 7,284 
 
 7,677 
 7,677 
 7,677 
 
 7,435 
 7,435 
 7,406 
 
 8,612 
 8,612 
 8,592 
 
 9,097 
 9,097 
 9,075 
 
 * Chai'lestown, West Roxbury, and Brighton included. 
 
 t See notes about marriages, ante, p. 83. 
 
Vital Statistics Revised. 
 
 87 
 
 still 
 Born. 
 
 Births. 
 
 Mar- 
 riages. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 C Actually recorded . . 
 
 1882 ] City Registrar's Report 
 ( State Report 
 
 r Actually recorded . 
 
 1883 ] City Registrar's Report 
 ( State Report 
 
 C Actually recorded . . 
 
 1884 -) City Registrar's Report 
 (^ State Report 
 
 C Actually recorded . 
 
 1885 ■)' City Registrar's Report 
 ( State Report . . . 
 
 ( Actually recorded . . 
 
 1886 < City Registrar's Report 
 (^ State Report 
 
 ( Actually recorded . 
 
 1887 j City Registr.ir's Report 
 (_ State Report 
 
 ( Actually recorded . 
 
 1888 ] City Registrar's Report 
 (^ State Report 
 
 ( Actually recorded . 
 
 1889 •] City Registrar's Report 
 ( State Report . . . 
 
 ( Actually recorded . 
 
 1890 ] City Registrar's Report 
 (^ State Report 
 
 r Actually recorded . 
 
 1891 •] City Hegistrar's Report 
 ( State Report 
 
 ( Actually recorded . 
 
 1892 ] City Registrar's Report 
 ( State Report . . . 
 
 520 
 
 509 
 
 516 
 
 523 
 
 00/ 
 
 535 
 
 571 
 
 608 
 
 636 
 
 626 
 
 644 
 
 11, 112 
 10,986 
 10,927 
 
 11,400 
 11,302 
 11,206 
 
 11,591 
 11,479 
 11,372 
 
 11,589 
 11,496 
 11,373 
 
 12,079 
 11,990 
 11,864 
 
 12,306 
 12,137 
 12,048 
 
 12,803 
 12,613 
 12,534 
 
 12,993 
 
 12,787 
 12,650 
 
 13.352 
 13,1-15 
 13,137 
 
 14,540 
 13,957 
 14,248 
 
 15,180 
 15,154 
 
 4,236 
 4,631 
 4,012 
 
 4,338 
 4,702 
 4,054 
 
 4,197 
 4,624 
 3,963 
 
 4,276 
 4,717 
 4,021 
 
 4,498 
 5,009 
 4,194 
 
 4,830 
 5,347 
 4,563 
 
 4,949 
 5,517 
 4,688 
 
 5,207 
 
 5,774 
 4,865 
 
 5,293 
 5,831 
 4,937 
 
 5,511 
 5,929 
 5,163 
 
 5,711 
 5,670 
 
 9,017 
 9,015 
 8,999 
 
 9,747 
 9,747 
 9,716 
 
 9,623 
 9,622 
 9,605 
 
 9,622 
 9,622 
 9,608 
 
 9.265 
 9,265 
 9,240 
 
 10,077 
 10,077 
 10,030 
 
 10,200 
 10,200 
 10,190 
 
 10,256 
 10,258 
 10,239 
 
 10,179 
 10,178 
 10,126 
 
 10,573 
 10,572 
 10,536 
 
 11,241 
 11,241 
 
 * See notes about marriages, ante, p. 83. 
 
,.-.M > 
 
 
 
 1 /* 
 
 
 ^ *